Datasets:

chujiezheng

/

wizard_of_wikipedia

like 2

[ "Katy Perry", "Yeah I'm a fan of hers as well. What was her first big single?", "Oh that's right. I can't believe it's been ten years. Has she won a bunch of awards?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Katy Perry __knowledge__ Katheryn Elizabeth Hudson (born October 25, 1984), known professionally as Katy Perry, is an American singer and songwriter.", "Katy Perry __knowledge__ After singing in church during her childhood, she pursued a career in gospel music as a teenager.", "Katy Perry __knowledge__ Perry signed with Red Hill Records and released her debut studio album \"Katy Hudson\" under her birth name in 2001, which was commercially unsuccessful.", "Katy Perry __knowledge__ She moved to Los Angeles the following year to venture into secular music after Red Hill ceased operations and she subsequently began working with producers Glen Ballard, Dr. Luke, and Max Martin.", "Katy Perry __knowledge__ After adopting the stage name Katy Perry and being dropped by The Island Def Jam Music Group and Columbia Records, she signed a recording contract with Capitol Records in April 2007.", "Katy Perry __knowledge__ Perry rose to fame in 2008 with the release of her second album, a pop rock record titled \"One of the Boys\", and its singles \"I Kissed a Girl\" and \"Hot n Cold\".", "Katy Perry __knowledge__ The former track also sparked controversy for its sapphic themes.", "Katy Perry __knowledge__ Her third album, \"Teenage Dream\" (2010), ventured into disco, and was her first number one album on the U.S. \"Billboard\" 200.", "Katy Perry __knowledge__ It topped the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100 with the singles \"California Gurls\", \"Teenage Dream\", \"Firework\", \"E.T." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Katy Perry __knowledge__ Katheryn Elizabeth Hudson (born October 25, 1984), known professionally as Katy Perry, is an American singer and songwriter.", "Katy Perry __knowledge__ After singing in church during her childhood, she pursued a career in gospel music as a teenager.", "Katy Perry __knowledge__ Perry signed with Red Hill Records and released her debut studio album \"Katy Hudson\" under her birth name in 2001, which was commercially unsuccessful.", "Katy Perry __knowledge__ She moved to Los Angeles the following year to venture into secular music after Red Hill ceased operations and she subsequently began working with producers Glen Ballard, Dr. Luke, and Max Martin.", "Katy Perry __knowledge__ After adopting the stage name Katy Perry and being dropped by The Island Def Jam Music Group and Columbia Records, she signed a recording contract with Capitol Records in April 2007.", "Katy Perry __knowledge__ Perry rose to fame in 2008 with the release of her second album, a pop rock record titled \"One of the Boys\", and its singles \"I Kissed a Girl\" and \"Hot n Cold\".", "Katy Perry __knowledge__ The former track also sparked controversy for its sapphic themes.", "Katy Perry __knowledge__ Her third album, \"Teenage Dream\" (2010), ventured into disco, and was her first number one album on the U.S. \"Billboard\" 200.", "Katy Perry __knowledge__ It topped the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100 with the singles \"California Gurls\", \"Teenage Dream\", \"Firework\", \"E.T.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Confessions is the fourth studio album by American singer Usher.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ It was released on March 23, 2004, by Arista Records.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Recording sessions for the album took place during 2003 to 2004, with its production handled by his longtime collaborator Jermaine Dupri, along with Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis and Lil Jon, among others.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Primarily an R&B album, \"Confessions\" showcases Usher as a crooner through a mixture of ballads and up-tempos, incorporating musical genres of dance-pop, hip hop and crunk.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ The album's themes generated controversy about Usher's personal relationships; however, the album's primary producer Jermaine Dupri claimed the album reflects Dupri's own personal story.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"OMG\" is a song by American recording artist Usher and American rapper will.i.am, who also wrote and produced the song.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ It uses the auto-tune effect in several lines, as well as \"Jock Jams\"-esque sports arena chanting.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ It was released on March 22, 2010 as the first worldwide single off his sixth studio album, \"Raymond v. Raymond\", and the fourth single overall, following the three US singles \"Papers\", \"Hey Daddy (Daddy's Home)\", and \"Lil Freak\".", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was met with a mixed reception from critics, who criticized the use of auto-tune, but commended the song's dance and club vibe.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song marks the second time that Usher has collaborated with will.i.am, following the single \"What's Your Name\", from his previous album \"Here I Stand\" (2008).", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ is a song by American singer Usher.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ He co-wrote the song with Sean Garrett, Patrick J. Que Smith, Robert McDowell, LRoc, Ludacris, Da'Ron, and Lil Jon.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ It also features guest vocals from Lil Jon and Ludacris, with the former also producing the song as well as incorporating crunk and R&B—which he coined as crunk&B—in the song's production.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was released as the lead single from Usher's fourth studio album \"Confessions\" (2004) on January 27, 2004, after Usher was told by Arista Records, his label at the time, to record more tracks for the album.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ topped the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart for 12 consecutive weeks, before being dethroned by Usher's follow-up single \"Burn\".", "Lil Freak __knowledge__ \"Lil Freak\" is a song by American recording artist Usher, taken from his sixth studio album, \"Raymond v. Raymond\".", "Lil Freak __knowledge__ Featuring guest vocals by Trinidadian recording artist Nicki Minaj, the song was written by her, Usher, Ester Dean, Blac Elvis and Polow da Don, the latter two producing the track.", "Lil Freak __knowledge__ Its hook is based on a manipulated sample of American soul musician Stevie Wonder's 1973 hit, \"Living for the City\".", "Lil Freak __knowledge__ \"Lil Freak\" was released as the second single from the album in the United States and Canada on March 2, 2010.", "Lil Freak __knowledge__ Carrying a dark tone, composed of heavy bass beats derived from R&B and hip hop music, the lyrics are about the thrill of orchestrating a ménage à trois in a club.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ Usher Raymond IV (born October 14, 1978), is an American singer, songwriter, dancer and actor.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He was born in Dallas, Texas, but raised in Chattanooga, Tennessee until moving to Atlanta, Georgia.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ At the age of 12, his mother put him in local singing competitions, before catching the attention of a music A&R from LaFace Records.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ In 1994, he released his self-titled debut album, \"Usher\".", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He rose to fame in the late 1990s with the release of his second album \"My Way\" (1997), which spawned his first U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100 number-one single, \"Nice & Slow\", amongst top-two singles \"You Make Me Wanna...\" and \"My Way\".", "Artists with the most number-ones on the U.S. Dance Club Songs chart __knowledge__ This is a list of artists with the most number-ones on the U.S. \"Billboard\" Dance Club Songs chart (13 or more).", "Artists with the most number-ones on the U.S. Dance Club Songs chart __knowledge__ Madonna currently holds the record for the most number-one songs in the 41-year history of the chart, with 46 and is the artist with the most number-ones of any \"Billboard\" chart.", "Artists with the most number-ones on the U.S. Dance Club Songs chart __knowledge__ The only other artists to have achieved more than 20 chart toppers are Rihanna (30) and Beyoncé (22).", "Artists with the most number-ones on the U.S. Dance Club Songs chart __knowledge__ Janet Jackson has accumulated 19 number-ones during her career, followed by Katy Perry with 18.", "Artists with the most number-ones on the U.S. Dance Club Songs chart __knowledge__ Mariah Carey and Kristine W are tied with 17, the latter generating the most consecutive number-ones in the chart's history with her first nine singles.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ TRL's Number Ones is the collection of music videos that had reached the number-one spot on the daily music video countdown show \"Total Request Live\" which aired on MTV from 1998 to 2008.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ Usually the same video will stay on the number-one spot for a series of weeks but after a certain period it will be retired or honorably discharged from the countdown and be put into the hall of fame.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ The music video is usually determined various ways such as voting online on MTV.com, the \"Billboard\" charts, ratings on the radio and downloads over the internet.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ January 2: \"Lose Yourself\" - Eminem January 3: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 6: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 7: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 8: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 9: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 10: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 13: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 14: \"All I Have\" - Jennifer Lopez featuring LL Cool J January 15: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 16: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 17: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 22: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 23: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 24: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 28: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 29: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 30: \"Bump, Bump, Bump\" - B2K featuring P. Diddy January 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 3: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 4: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 7: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 10: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 11: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 12: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 14: Valentine's Day Special #1 Video: \"Why I Love You\" - B2K February 17: TRL Awards #1 Video: \"Larger Than Life\" - Backstreet Boys February 18: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 19: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 20: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 21: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 24: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 25: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 26: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake February 27: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 28: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 3: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 4: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 7: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 10: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 11: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 12: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 14: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 17: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 18: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 19: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 20: Coverage on the war in Iraq March 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 24: \"The Hell Song\" - Sum 41 March 25: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 26: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 1: \"Girlfriend\" - B2K April 2: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 3: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 4: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 7: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 8: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 9: \"Addicted\" - Simple Plan April 10: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 11: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 15: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 16: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 17: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 18: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 22: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 23: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 24: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 25: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 28: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 29: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 30: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 1: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 2: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 5: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 6: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 7: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 8: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 9: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 12: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 13: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 15: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 16: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 19: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 20: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 22: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 26: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 27: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 28: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 29: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 30: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 2: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 3: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 4: \"Rock Wit U\" - Ashanti June 5: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 9: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 10: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 11: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 12: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 16: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 17: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 18: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 19: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 23: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 24: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 25: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 26: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 30: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 1: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 2: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 3: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 7: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 8: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 9: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 10: Dynamic Duos #1 Video: \"Girlfriend ( Remix )\"- 'N Sync featuring Nelly July 11: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 14: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 15: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 16: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 17: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 18: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 21: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 22: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 23: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 24: Funniest Video #1 Video: \"Without Me\" - Eminem July 25: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 28: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 29: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 30: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 31: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 1: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 4: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 5: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 6: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 7: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 8: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 11: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 12: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 13: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 14: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 15: August 18: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 19: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 20: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 21: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 26: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 27: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy August 28: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 29: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 2: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 3: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 4: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 5: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 8: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 9: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 10: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 11: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 12: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 15: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 17: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 18: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 19: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 23: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 24: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 25: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 26: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 29: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 30: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 1: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 2: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 3: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell October 6: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 7: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul October 8: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 9: \"Perfect\" - Simple Plan October 10: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 14: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 15: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 17: \"Trouble\" - P!nk October 18: \"Trouble\" - Pink October 21: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 23: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 27: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 28: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 29: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 30: \"Will You\" - P. O. D. October 31: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 3: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 4: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 5: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 6: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 7: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 11: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 12: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 13: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 14: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 17: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 18: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 19: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 20: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 24: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 25: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 1: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 2: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 3: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 4: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 5: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 8: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 11: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 16: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 17: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 18: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 19: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 22: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 23: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 29: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit December 30: Song Of The Year: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 5: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 6: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 7: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 8: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 13: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 14: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 16: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 19: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 21: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 22: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 26: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 27: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 28: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 29: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 30: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring Jason Weaver February 2: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 9: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 10: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 11: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 12: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 13: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte February 16: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 17: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 18: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 19: \"Sorry 2004\" - Ruben Studdard February 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 23: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 24: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 25: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon February 27: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 2: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 3: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 4: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 5: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 8: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears March 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 10: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 11: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 15: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 16: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 17: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 18: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 22: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 23: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 24: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 25: \"My Band\" - D12 March 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 29: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 30: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 31: \"My Band\" - D12 April 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 5: \"Naughty Girl\" - Beyoncé April 6: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 7: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 8: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 13: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 14: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 15: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 16: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 19: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 20: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 21: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 22: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 23: \"My Band\" - D12 April 26: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 27: \"My Band\" - D12 April 28: \"My Band\" - D12 April 29: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears May 3: \"My Band\" - D12 May 4: \"My Band\" - D12 May 5: \"My Band\" - D12 May 6: \"My Band\" - D12 May 7: \"My Band\" - D12 May 10: \"My Band\" - D12 May 11: \"My Band\" - D12 May 17: \"My Band\" - D12 May 18: \"Burn\" - Usher May 19: \"Burn\" - Usher May 20: \"Burn\" - Usher May 21: \"Burn\" - Usher May 24: \"My Band\" - D12 May 25: \"Burn\" - Usher May 26: \"Burn\" - Usher May 27: \"My Band\" - D12 May 28: \"My Band\" - D12 May 31: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 1: \"Burn\" - Usher June 2: \"Burn\" - Usher June 3: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 4: \"My Band\" - D12 June 7: \"My Band\" - D12 June 8: \"Burn\" - Usher June 9: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 10: Cross Country Countdown #1 Video: \"Forgot About Dre\" - Dr. Dre featuring Eminem June 11: \"Burn\" - Usher June 14: \"Burn\" - Usher June 15: \"How Come\" - D12 June 16: \"How Come\" - D12 June 17: \"How Come\" - D12 June 18: \"How Come\" - D12 June 21: \"How Come\" - D12 June 22: \"How Come\" - D12 June 23: \"Leave (Get Out)\" - JoJo June 24: \"How Come\" - D12 June 25: \"How Come\" - D12 June 28: \"Leave ( Get Out )\" - JoJo June 29: \"How Come\" - D12 June 30: \"Confessions Pt.", "Part of Me (Katy Perry song) __knowledge__ \"Part of Me\" is a song by American singer Katy Perry, released as the lead single from \"\".", "Part of Me (Katy Perry song) __knowledge__ It was written by Perry, and Bonnie McKee, with production and additional writing by Dr. Luke, Max Martin, and Cirkut.", "Part of Me (Katy Perry song) __knowledge__ The song was not included on the original edition of \"Teenage Dream\" because Perry felt that it did not fit the composition of the album.", "Part of Me (Katy Perry song) __knowledge__ A demo of the song leaked online in late 2010, amid speculation that the lyrics were directed to the singer's ex-boyfriend Travie McCoy.", "Part of Me (Katy Perry song) __knowledge__ \"Part of Me\" was re-worked and officially released on February 13, 2012, through Capitol Records with artwork by art director Gavin Taylor and photography by Mary Ellen Matthews.", "The One That Got Away (Katy Perry song) __knowledge__ \"The One That Got Away\" is a song by American singer Katy Perry for her third studio album, \"Teenage Dream\" (2010).", "The One That Got Away (Katy Perry song) __knowledge__ The song was produced by Dr. Luke and Max Martin, both of whom also co-wrote the song with Perry.", "The One That Got Away (Katy Perry song) __knowledge__ The song is a mid-tempo pop ballad about a lost love.", "The One That Got Away (Katy Perry song) __knowledge__ It features references to the rock band Radiohead as well as the relationship of Johnny Cash and June Carter Cash to express the strength of the relationship.", "The One That Got Away (Katy Perry song) __knowledge__ The song was released in October 2011 by Capitol Records as the album's sixth and final single.", "The One That Got Away (Katy Perry song) __knowledge__ \"The One That Got Away\" peaked at number three on \"Billboard\" Hot 100, with \"Teenage Dream\" becoming the seventh album in the 53-year history of the Hot 100 to generate at least six top 10s.", "Hey Hey Hey __knowledge__ \"Hey Hey Hey\" is a song recorded by American singer Katy Perry for her fifth studio album \"Witness\" (2017).", "Hey Hey Hey __knowledge__ It was sent to Italian contemporary hit radio stations on January 12, 2018 by Universal Music Group as the album's fourth single.", "Hey Hey Hey __knowledge__ The song was written by Perry, Sia Furler, Sarah Hudson, Max Martin and Ali Payami, while production was handled by Martin and Payami.", "Hey Hey Hey __knowledge__ \"Hey Hey Hey\" is a rock and electronica-influenced, dark dream pop and electropop track; its lyrical theme is female empowerment.", "Hey Hey Hey __knowledge__ Reviewers speculated that the song was also about the 2016 United States presidential election nominees Donald Trump and Hillary Clinton.", "Dark Horse (Katy Perry song) __knowledge__ \"Dark Horse\" is a song recorded by American singer Katy Perry featuring rapper Juicy J.", "Dark Horse (Katy Perry song) __knowledge__ It was originally released on September 17, 2013, by Capitol Records as the first promotional single from Perry's fourth studio album, \"Prism\" (2013).", "Dark Horse (Katy Perry song) __knowledge__ Three months later, it was released as the third official single on December 17.", "Dark Horse (Katy Perry song) __knowledge__ Both artists co-wrote the song with its producers, Max Martin, Cirkut, and Dr. Luke, alongside Sarah Hudson.", "Dark Horse (Katy Perry song) __knowledge__ It was conceived by Perry and Hudson during a writing session in Perry's hometown of Santa Barbara, California, and Juicy J was later commissioned for a verse on the song.", "Dark Horse (Katy Perry song) __knowledge__ \"Dark Horse\" combines the genres of trap and hip hop, replicating what has been described as a \"Southern rap-techno mashup\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Katy Perry __knowledge__ Katheryn Elizabeth Hudson (born October 25, 1984), known professionally as Katy Perry, is an American singer and songwriter.", "Katy Perry __knowledge__ After singing in church during her childhood, she pursued a career in gospel music as a teenager.", "Katy Perry __knowledge__ Perry signed with Red Hill Records and released her debut studio album \"Katy Hudson\" under her birth name in 2001, which was commercially unsuccessful.", "Katy Perry __knowledge__ She moved to Los Angeles the following year to venture into secular music after Red Hill ceased operations and she subsequently began working with producers Glen Ballard, Dr. Luke, and Max Martin.", "Katy Perry __knowledge__ After adopting the stage name Katy Perry and being dropped by The Island Def Jam Music Group and Columbia Records, she signed a recording contract with Capitol Records in April 2007.", "Katy Perry __knowledge__ Perry rose to fame in 2008 with the release of her second album, a pop rock record titled \"One of the Boys\", and its singles \"I Kissed a Girl\" and \"Hot n Cold\".", "Katy Perry __knowledge__ The former track also sparked controversy for its sapphic themes.", "Katy Perry __knowledge__ Her third album, \"Teenage Dream\" (2010), ventured into disco, and was her first number one album on the U.S. \"Billboard\" 200.", "Katy Perry __knowledge__ It topped the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100 with the singles \"California Gurls\", \"Teenage Dream\", \"Firework\", \"E.T.", "Willow Bunch, Saskatchewan __knowledge__ Willow Bunch is a small community located in south central Saskatchewan, Canada, southwest of the provincial capital of Regina.", "Willow Bunch, Saskatchewan __knowledge__ The population was 286 at the 2011 census.", "Willow Bunch, Saskatchewan __knowledge__ Previous names for Willow Bunch have been \"Hart-Rouge\" and \"Talle-de-Saules\".", "Willow Bunch, Saskatchewan __knowledge__ The area has seen influences from Métis and Fransaskois.", "Willow Bunch, Saskatchewan __knowledge__ About 19 kilometres north-west of Willow Bunch is one of Saskatchewan’s biggest archaeological mysteries.", "Willow Bunch, Saskatchewan __knowledge__ The St. Victors Petroglyph site is a provincial park that is host to over 300 rock carvings.", "Willow Bunch, Saskatchewan __knowledge__ The carvings are located on a sandstone cliff that is elevated at 950m.", "Willow Bunch, Saskatchewan __knowledge__ The uniqueness of the plateau is characterized by being only one of five sites in Canada where petroglyphs are on a horizontal structure of a rock.", "USS Bunch (DE-694) __knowledge__ USS \"Bunch\" (DE-694) was a of the United States Navy, named after Kenneth Cecil Bunch, killed in action on 6 June 1942 while flying as radioman-gunner in an SBD Dauntless dive bomber during the Battle of Midway.", "USS Bunch (DE-694) __knowledge__ \"Bunch\" was launched on 29 May 1943 by the Defoe Shipbuilding Company in Bay City, Michigan, sponsored by Mrs. Kenneth C. Bunch, widow of Aviation Radioman Bunch; and commissioned on 21 August 1943, with Lieutenant Commander A.", "USS Bunch (DE-694) __knowledge__ A. Campbell, USNR, in command.", "USS Bunch (DE-694) __knowledge__ After fitting out, \"Bunch\" departed Southwest Pass on 12 September 1943.", "USS Bunch (DE-694) __knowledge__ She proceeded via Key West, Florida, and carried out her shakedown training near Bermuda until 15 October when she set course for Boston.", "Post (Björk album) __knowledge__ Post is the second solo studio album by Icelandic musician Björk.", "Post (Björk album) __knowledge__ The album was released in June 1995 through One Little Indian in the United Kingdom and Elektra Records in the United States.", "Post (Björk album) __knowledge__ Unlike her previous release \"Debut\"—which was almost entirely produced by Nellee Hooper—\"Post\" is characterised by more collaborations, including production by Hooper, 808 State's Graham Massey, and former Massive Attack member Tricky.", "Post (Björk album) __knowledge__ Björk co-produced every song on the album.", "Post (Björk album) __knowledge__ \"Post\" received critical acclaim and was a commercial success, charting at number 2 in the United Kingdom and 32 in the United States.", "List of The Brady Bunch characters __knowledge__ The following is a list and description of the primary characters from the classic American television series \"The Brady Bunch\".", "List of The Brady Bunch characters __knowledge__ The characters also appeared in all subsequent reunions, remakes, and theatrical/TV films.", "List of The Brady Bunch characters __knowledge__ Michael Paul \"Mike\" Brady (bottom center in picture above), portrayed by Robert Reed in the TV show and Gary Cole in movies, is the male head of the Brady household.", "List of The Brady Bunch characters __knowledge__ In episode #4 of \"The Bradys\", \"Hat in the Ring\", when Mike is sworn in as City Councilman, his full name is given as \"Michael Thomas Brady\".", "List of The Brady Bunch characters __knowledge__ Mike, a widowed architect, brought three sons to his marriage with Carol Martin and became the stepfather to her three daughters.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ Grey's Anatomy is an American medical drama television series that premiered on March 27, 2005, on American Broadcasting Company (ABC) as a mid-season replacement.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The fictional series focuses on the lives of surgical interns, residents, and attending physicians, as they develop into seasoned doctors while trying to maintain personal lives and relationships.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The title is a play on \"Gray's Anatomy\", a classic human anatomy textbook first published in 1858 in London and written by Henry Gray.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ Shonda Rhimes developed the pilot and continues to write for the series; she is also one of the executive producers, along with Betsy Beers, Mark Gordon, Krista Vernoff, Rob Corn, Mark Wilding, and Allan Heinberg.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ Fortune Records was an American family operated, independent record label located in Detroit, Michigan from 1946 to 1995.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ The label owners were Jack and Devora Brown, their son Sheldon Brown recorded for the label.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ Original releases tapered off after 1972 aside from a few albums in the mid-1980s.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ Fortune specialized in R&B, blues, soul and doo-wop music, although the label also released pop, big band, hillbilly, gospel, rock and roll, and polka records.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ Fortune released some doo-wop tunes by Nolan Strong & The Diablos, such as \"The Wind\" (Fortune 511, 1954), \"The Way You Dog Me Around\" (Fortune 518, 1955), and \"Mind Over Matter\" (Fortune 546, 1962).", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ Guns N' Roses, often abbreviated as GNR, is an American hard rock band from Los Angeles, California, formed in 1985.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ The lineup, when first signed to Geffen Records in 1986, consisted of vocalist Axl Rose, lead guitarist Slash, rhythm guitarist Izzy Stradlin, bassist Duff McKagan, and drummer Steven Adler.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ Guns N' Roses has released six studio albums, accumulating sales of more than 100 million records worldwide, including 45 million in the United States, making them the 41st best-selling artist of all time.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ Guns N' Roses' debut album, \"Appetite for Destruction\" (1987), reached number one on the \"Billboard\" 200 a year after its release, on the strength of \"Sweet Child o' Mine\", the band's only single to reach number one on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100.", "Kottonmouth Kings __knowledge__ Kottonmouth Kings was an American hip hop group from Placentia, Orange County, California.", "Kottonmouth Kings __knowledge__ The band officially formed in 1996, describing their eclectic sound as \"psychedelic hip-hop punk rock\".", "Kottonmouth Kings __knowledge__ Kottonmouth Kings are composed of Daddy X (singer of Humble Gods, X Pistols, former singer of Doggy Style), Lou Dog (drummer of Humble Gods and former drummer of Doggy Style), D-Loc, DJ Bobby B, and newest member/ vocalist, The Dirtball.", "Kottonmouth Kings __knowledge__ The group first attracted mainstream attention with the song \"Suburban Life\", which appeared on the soundtrack to the film \"Scream 2.\"", "Kottonmouth Kings __knowledge__ On February 24, 1998 Kottonmouth Kings released their first overall album, and their first EP, an EP titled Stoners Reeking Havoc.", "I Kissed a Girl __knowledge__ \"I Kissed a Girl\" is a song recorded by American singer Katy Perry for her second studio album, \"One of the Boys\" (2008).", "I Kissed a Girl __knowledge__ It was released on April 28, 2008, by Capitol Records as the lead single from the record.", "I Kissed a Girl __knowledge__ Perry co-wrote the song with its producers Dr. Luke and Benny Blanco, with additional songwriting provided by Max Martin and Cathy Dennis.", "I Kissed a Girl __knowledge__ \"I Kissed a Girl\" is a pop rock song with elements of new wave.", "I Kissed a Girl __knowledge__ Perry stated its lyrics are \"about the magical beauty of a woman\".", "I Kissed a Girl __knowledge__ The song sparked controversy for its homosexual themes.", "I Kissed a Girl __knowledge__ The song topped the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart for seven consecutive weeks, becoming the 1,000th number-one song of the rock era.", "Romeo Miller __knowledge__ Percy Romeo Miller, Jr. (born August 19, 1989), better known by his stage name Maserati Rome or simply Rome (formerly Lil' Romeo and Romeo) or his acting/business name Romeo Miller, is an American rapper, actor, basketball player, entrepreneur, and model.", "Romeo Miller __knowledge__ Miller is the son of hip hop artist Master P. Miller has founded the record labels Guttar Music, Take A Stand, The Next Generation and his current label No Limit Forever.", "Romeo Miller __knowledge__ Miller gained fame in the early 2000s after signing with No Limit Records, his father's label at the time, with the help of his debut single \"My Baby\" which went on to be certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ TRL's Number Ones is the collection of music videos that had reached the number-one spot on the daily music video countdown show \"Total Request Live\" which aired on MTV from 1998 to 2008.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ Usually the same video will stay on the number-one spot for a series of weeks but after a certain period it will be retired or honorably discharged from the countdown and be put into the hall of fame.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ The music video is usually determined various ways such as voting online on MTV.com, the \"Billboard\" charts, ratings on the radio and downloads over the internet.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ January 2: \"Lose Yourself\" - Eminem January 3: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 6: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 7: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 8: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 9: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 10: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 13: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 14: \"All I Have\" - Jennifer Lopez featuring LL Cool J January 15: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 16: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 17: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 22: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 23: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 24: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 28: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 29: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 30: \"Bump, Bump, Bump\" - B2K featuring P. Diddy January 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 3: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 4: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 7: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 10: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 11: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 12: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 14: Valentine's Day Special #1 Video: \"Why I Love You\" - B2K February 17: TRL Awards #1 Video: \"Larger Than Life\" - Backstreet Boys February 18: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 19: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 20: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 21: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 24: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 25: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 26: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake February 27: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 28: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 3: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 4: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 7: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 10: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 11: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 12: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 14: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 17: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 18: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 19: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 20: Coverage on the war in Iraq March 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 24: \"The Hell Song\" - Sum 41 March 25: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 26: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 1: \"Girlfriend\" - B2K April 2: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 3: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 4: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 7: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 8: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 9: \"Addicted\" - Simple Plan April 10: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 11: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 15: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 16: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 17: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 18: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 22: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 23: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 24: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 25: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 28: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 29: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 30: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 1: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 2: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 5: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 6: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 7: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 8: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 9: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 12: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 13: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 15: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 16: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 19: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 20: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 22: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 26: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 27: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 28: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 29: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 30: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 2: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 3: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 4: \"Rock Wit U\" - Ashanti June 5: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 9: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 10: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 11: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 12: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 16: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 17: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 18: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 19: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 23: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 24: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 25: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 26: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 30: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 1: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 2: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 3: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 7: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 8: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 9: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 10: Dynamic Duos #1 Video: \"Girlfriend ( Remix )\"- 'N Sync featuring Nelly July 11: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 14: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 15: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 16: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 17: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 18: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 21: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 22: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 23: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 24: Funniest Video #1 Video: \"Without Me\" - Eminem July 25: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 28: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 29: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 30: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 31: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 1: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 4: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 5: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 6: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 7: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 8: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 11: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 12: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 13: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 14: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 15: August 18: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 19: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 20: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 21: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 26: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 27: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy August 28: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 29: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 2: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 3: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 4: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 5: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 8: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 9: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 10: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 11: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 12: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 15: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 17: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 18: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 19: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 23: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 24: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 25: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 26: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 29: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 30: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 1: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 2: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 3: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell October 6: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 7: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul October 8: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 9: \"Perfect\" - Simple Plan October 10: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 14: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 15: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 17: \"Trouble\" - P!nk October 18: \"Trouble\" - Pink October 21: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 23: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 27: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 28: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 29: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 30: \"Will You\" - P. O. D. October 31: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 3: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 4: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 5: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 6: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 7: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 11: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 12: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 13: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 14: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 17: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 18: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 19: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 20: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 24: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 25: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 1: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 2: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 3: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 4: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 5: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 8: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 11: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 16: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 17: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 18: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 19: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 22: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 23: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 29: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit December 30: Song Of The Year: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 5: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 6: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 7: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 8: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 13: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 14: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 16: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 19: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 21: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 22: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 26: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 27: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 28: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 29: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 30: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring Jason Weaver February 2: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 9: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 10: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 11: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 12: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 13: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte February 16: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 17: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 18: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 19: \"Sorry 2004\" - Ruben Studdard February 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 23: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 24: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 25: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon February 27: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 2: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 3: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 4: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 5: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 8: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears March 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 10: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 11: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 15: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 16: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 17: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 18: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 22: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 23: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 24: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 25: \"My Band\" - D12 March 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 29: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 30: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 31: \"My Band\" - D12 April 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 5: \"Naughty Girl\" - Beyoncé April 6: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 7: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 8: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 13: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 14: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 15: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 16: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 19: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 20: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 21: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 22: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 23: \"My Band\" - D12 April 26: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 27: \"My Band\" - D12 April 28: \"My Band\" - D12 April 29: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears May 3: \"My Band\" - D12 May 4: \"My Band\" - D12 May 5: \"My Band\" - D12 May 6: \"My Band\" - D12 May 7: \"My Band\" - D12 May 10: \"My Band\" - D12 May 11: \"My Band\" - D12 May 17: \"My Band\" - D12 May 18: \"Burn\" - Usher May 19: \"Burn\" - Usher May 20: \"Burn\" - Usher May 21: \"Burn\" - Usher May 24: \"My Band\" - D12 May 25: \"Burn\" - Usher May 26: \"Burn\" - Usher May 27: \"My Band\" - D12 May 28: \"My Band\" - D12 May 31: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 1: \"Burn\" - Usher June 2: \"Burn\" - Usher June 3: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 4: \"My Band\" - D12 June 7: \"My Band\" - D12 June 8: \"Burn\" - Usher June 9: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 10: Cross Country Countdown #1 Video: \"Forgot About Dre\" - Dr. Dre featuring Eminem June 11: \"Burn\" - Usher June 14: \"Burn\" - Usher June 15: \"How Come\" - D12 June 16: \"How Come\" - D12 June 17: \"How Come\" - D12 June 18: \"How Come\" - D12 June 21: \"How Come\" - D12 June 22: \"How Come\" - D12 June 23: \"Leave (Get Out)\" - JoJo June 24: \"How Come\" - D12 June 25: \"How Come\" - D12 June 28: \"Leave ( Get Out )\" - JoJo June 29: \"How Come\" - D12 June 30: \"Confessions Pt.", "Christina Aguilera __knowledge__ Christina María Aguilera (born December 18, 1980) is an American singer, songwriter, actress and television personality.", "Christina Aguilera __knowledge__ Born in Staten Island, New York and raised in Rochester and Wexford, Pennsylvania, she appeared on the television series \"Star Search\" and \"The Mickey Mouse Club\" in her early years.", "Christina Aguilera __knowledge__ After recording \"Reflection\", the theme for Disney's 1998 film \"Mulan\", Aguilera signed with RCA Records.", "Christina Aguilera __knowledge__ She rose to prominence with her 1999 self-titled debut album that spawned the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 number-one singles \"Genie in a Bottle\", \"What a Girl Wants\", and \"Come On Over Baby (All I Want Is You)\".", "M-Girls __knowledge__ M-Girls (), nicknamed Malaysia's version of S.H.E, is a four-member Malaysian girl group that was formed in late 2000, releasing mainly Chinese New Year albums every year.", "M-Girls __knowledge__ Members of this group consists of Crystal Ong Shir Ching (王雪晶), Queenzy Cheng Koon Si (莊群施), Angeline Khoo Yen Nee (邱燕妮, AKA 阿妮 [Ah Ni]), and Cass Chin Yan Zi (陳金燕 AKA 金燕子 or 燕子), who originally left M-Girls in 2005 to study but later came back in late 2012.", "M-Girls __knowledge__ M-Girls rose in popularity due to the group's unique style, catchy songs, and collaborations with other famous Asian music stars like 四千金 (Four Golden Princesses) and Timi Zhuo." ] ]

[ 1, 6, 8 ]

[ "i love katy perry, the american singer and songwriter", "she rose to fame in 2008 with the releaes of her album titled \"I kissed a girl\"", "well her third album, teenage dream in 2010 was her first number one album on teh billboard 200" ]

[ "Katy Perry", "Katy Perry", "Katy Perry" ]

[ "Charity shop\nWhat do you think about thrift stores? I can find cool things in those sometimes.", "That's true! Plus, they really support the old saying that one man's trash is another man's treasure.", "Oh yeah, that can totally happen. It's also good for people who have a lot of junk and don't want to go to the trouble of selling it and don't want to throw it away.", "Absolutely. This helps out the person giving things away, as well as the person finding great deals on things." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Charity shop __knowledge__ A charity shop or thrift shop is a retail establishment run by a charitable organization to raise money.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ Charity shops are a type of social enterprise.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ They sell mainly used goods such as clothing, books, music albums, home videos, and furniture donated by members of the public, and are often staffed by volunteers.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ Because the items for sale were obtained for free, and business costs are low, the items can be sold at competitive prices.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ After costs are paid, all remaining income from the sales is used in accord with the organization's stated charitable purpose.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ Costs include purchase and/or depreciation of fixtures (clothing racks, bookshelves, counters, etc.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ ), operating costs (maintenance, municipal service fees, electricity, heat, telephone, limited advertising) and the building lease or mortgage.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ Charity shops may also be referred to as thrift stores (in the United States and Canada), hospice shops, resale shops (a term that in the U.S. also covers consignment shops), and opportunity (or op) shops (in Australia and New Zealand).", "Charity shop __knowledge__ One of the earliest charity shops was set up by the Wolverhampton Society for the Blind (now called the Beacon Centre for the Blind) in 1899 to sell goods made by blind people to raise money for the Society.", "Thrift store chic __knowledge__ Thrift store chic refers to a style of dressing where clothes are cheap and/or used.", "Thrift store chic __knowledge__ Clothes are often bought from thrift stores such as the Salvation Army, Goodwill, or Value Village.", "Thrift store chic __knowledge__ Originally popular among the hippies of the late 1960s, this fashion movement resurfaced during the mid-1980s among teenagers, and expanded into the 1990s with the growing popularity of such music and style influences including the grunge band Nirvana.", "Thrift store chic __knowledge__ Thrift store chic can be considered as an anti-fashion statement because it does not follow fashion trends and does not attempt to look expensive or new.", "Thrift store chic __knowledge__ Thrift store chic is often composed of vintage T-shirts (striped tees and anything with vintage graphics, in particular), sweaters, flannel ‘lumberjack’ shirts, and worn and torn jeans.", "Web Thrift Store __knowledge__ Web Thrift Store is an organization based in New York City that facilitates non-profit organizations to raise money through it.", "Web Thrift Store __knowledge__ It was founded in 2011 by Doug Kurgman and Lynn Zises.", "Web Thrift Store __knowledge__ Web Thrift Store was founded in 2011 by Doug Krugman and Lynn Zises in New York City.", "Web Thrift Store __knowledge__ The stated goal of the company is to allow non-profit organizations to run online thrift stores without having to maintain inventory.", "Web Thrift Store __knowledge__ Part of the reason the two founded the organization was to get people to donate things that they do not use in order to raise cash for non-profits.", "Web Thrift Store __knowledge__ Items donated to the website earn money for charities.", "Out of the Closet __knowledge__ Out of the Closet is a nonprofit chain of thrift stores whose revenues provide medical care for patients with HIV/AIDS.", "Out of the Closet __knowledge__ The chain is owned and operated by the AIDS Healthcare Foundation (AHF), a Los Angeles-based charity that provides medical, preventative, and educational resources for patients.", "Out of the Closet __knowledge__ AHF is the nation's largest non-profit HIV/AIDS healthcare, research, prevention, and education provider.", "Out of the Closet __knowledge__ Out of the Closet thrift stores generate income to help fund the medical services AHF provides for those patients who are unable to pay.", "Out of the Closet __knowledge__ Proceeds from Out of the Closet Thrift Stores directly benefit AHF.", "Thrift Drug __knowledge__ Thrift Drug was a U.S. pharmacy chain founded in 1935 and based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.", "Thrift Drug __knowledge__ The company was purchased by JCPenney in 1968, and was expanded greatly thereafter, serving as the flagship chain of JCPenney's pharmacy group.", "Thrift Drug __knowledge__ The chain did not hide its affiliation with JCPenney, as it had JCPenney catalog merchandise pickup centers inside many of its locations, as well as signs advertising \"JCPenney Catalog Center\".", "Thrift Drug __knowledge__ Stores also accepted the JCPenney credit card for purchases.", "Thrift Drug __knowledge__ In 1996, JCPenney purchased Eckerd, another pharmacy chain.", "Thrift Drug __knowledge__ The U.S. Federal Trade Commission (FTC) objected to the purchase on antitrust grounds, stating that ownership of Eckerd would give JCPenney a dominant position in the drug store business in the states of North Carolina and South Carolina through its ownership of Thrift Drug, Rite Aids in the Carolinas, and Eckerd.", "Jumble sale __knowledge__ A jumble sale, bring and buy sale (U.K, Australia, occasionally Canada) or rummage sale (U.S and Canada) is an event at which second hand goods are sold, usually by an institution such as a local Boys' Brigade Company, Scout group, or church, as a fundraising or charitable effort.", "Jumble sale __knowledge__ A rummage sale by a church is called a church sale or white elephant sale, frequently as part of a church bazaar.", "Jumble sale __knowledge__ Organisers will usually ask local people to donate goods, which are set out on tables in the same manner as at car boot sales, and sold to members of the general public, who may have to pay a fee to enter the sale.", "Deseret Industries __knowledge__ Deseret Industries (D.I.)", "Deseret Industries __knowledge__ () is a non-profit organization and a division of Welfare Services of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church).", "Deseret Industries __knowledge__ It includes a chain of retail thrift stores and work projects.", "Deseret Industries __knowledge__ Deseret Industries thrift stores are similar to the well-known Goodwill Industries.", "Deseret Industries __knowledge__ They are generally located in areas where LDS Church membership is strong, with a total of 46 stores in Arizona, California, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, and Washington.", "Deseret Industries __knowledge__ As with other thrift stores, people donate items they no longer need, such as furniture, appliances, computers, and clothing, which the store then sells." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Charity shop __knowledge__ A charity shop or thrift shop is a retail establishment run by a charitable organization to raise money.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ Charity shops are a type of social enterprise.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ They sell mainly used goods such as clothing, books, music albums, home videos, and furniture donated by members of the public, and are often staffed by volunteers.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ Because the items for sale were obtained for free, and business costs are low, the items can be sold at competitive prices.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ After costs are paid, all remaining income from the sales is used in accord with the organization's stated charitable purpose.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ Costs include purchase and/or depreciation of fixtures (clothing racks, bookshelves, counters, etc.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ ), operating costs (maintenance, municipal service fees, electricity, heat, telephone, limited advertising) and the building lease or mortgage.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ Charity shops may also be referred to as thrift stores (in the United States and Canada), hospice shops, resale shops (a term that in the U.S. also covers consignment shops), and opportunity (or op) shops (in Australia and New Zealand).", "Charity shop __knowledge__ One of the earliest charity shops was set up by the Wolverhampton Society for the Blind (now called the Beacon Centre for the Blind) in 1899 to sell goods made by blind people to raise money for the Society.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "Wife selling __knowledge__ Wife selling is the practice of a husband selling his wife and may include the sale of a female by a party outside a marriage.", "Wife selling __knowledge__ Wife selling has had numerous purposes throughout the practice's history; and the term \"\"wife sale\"\" is not defined in all sources relating to the topic.", "Wife selling __knowledge__ Sometimes, a wife was sold by a husband to a new husband as a means of divorce, in which case sometimes the wife was able to choose who would be her new husband, provided she chose within a certain time period, and especially if the wife was young and sexually attractive.", "Wife selling __knowledge__ In some societies, the wife could buy her own way out of a marriage or either spouse could have initiated this form of divorce.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of character summaries from the FX Networks television series, \"The Shield\".", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ Captain Monica Rawling is a fictional character from the FX television show \"The Shield\", played by Glenn Close, who received an Emmy nomination as Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series for her performance.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ Monica Rawling succeeded David Aceveda as Captain of the Farmington precinct.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ A morally strong woman, she tried to redeem Vic Mackey and Ronnie Gardocki by involving them in a controversial asset forfeiture program designed to clean up Farmington, by destroying the neighborhood drug trade.", "War in Donbass __knowledge__ The War in Donbass is an armed conflict in the Donbass region of Ukraine.", "War in Donbass __knowledge__ From the beginning of March 2014, protests by pro-Russian and anti-government groups took place in the Donetsk and Luhansk oblasts of the Ukraine, together commonly called the \"Donbass\", in the aftermath of the 2014 Ukrainian revolution and the Euromaidan movement.", "War in Donbass __knowledge__ These demonstrations, which followed the annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation (February to March 2014), and which were part of a wider group of concurrent pro-Russian protests across southern and eastern Ukraine, escalated into an armed conflict between the separatist forces of the self-declared Donetsk and Luhansk People's Republics (DPR and LPR respectively), and the Ukrainian government.", "Jeffrey Dahmer __knowledge__ Jeffrey Lionel Dahmer (May 21, 1960 – November 28, 1994), also known as the Milwaukee Cannibal, was an American serial killer and sex offender, who committed the rape, murder, and dismemberment of 17 men and boys between 1978 and 1991.", "Jeffrey Dahmer __knowledge__ Many of his later murders involved necrophilia, cannibalism, and the permanent preservation of body parts—typically all or part of the skeleton.", "Jeffrey Dahmer __knowledge__ Although diagnosed with borderline personality disorder, schizotypal personality disorder, and a psychotic disorder, Dahmer was found to be legally sane at his trial.", "Jeffrey Dahmer __knowledge__ Convicted of 15 of the 16 murders he had committed in Wisconsin, Dahmer was sentenced to 15 terms of life imprisonment on February 15, 1992.", "Asda __knowledge__ Asda Stores Ltd. trading as Asda, is a British supermarket retailer, headquartered in Leeds, West Yorkshire.", "Asda __knowledge__ The company was founded in 1965 when the supermarket owning Asquith family merged with the Associated Dairies company of Yorkshire.", "Asda __knowledge__ It expanded in to the south of England during the 1970s and 1980s, and acquired Allied Carpets, 61 large Gateway Supermarkets and other businesses, such as MFI, then during the 1990s, sold off its acquisitions to concentrate on the supermarkets.", "Asda __knowledge__ It became a subsidiary of the American retail corporate giant Walmart after a £6.7 billion takeover in July 1999, and was the second-largest supermarket chain in Britain between 2003 and 2014 by market share, and is currently third behind Tesco and Sainsbury's.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The economic history of the United States is about characteristics of and important developments in the U.S. economy from colonial times to the present.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The emphasis is on economic performance and how it was affected by new technologies, the change of size in economic sectors and the effects of legislation and government policy.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ Specialized business history is covered in American business history.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The colonial economy differed significantly from that of most other regions in that land and natural resources were abundant in America but labor was scarce.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ From 1700 to 1775 the output of the thirteen colonies increased 12 fold, giving the colonies an economy about 30% the size of Britain's at the time of independence.", "Walmart __knowledge__ Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., doing business as Walmart, is an American multinational retail corporation that operates a chain of hypermarkets, discount department stores, and grocery stores.", "Walmart __knowledge__ Headquartered in Bentonville, Arkansas, the company was founded by Sam Walton in 1962 and incorporated on October 31, 1969.", "Walmart __knowledge__ It also owns and operates Sam's Club retail warehouses.", "Walmart __knowledge__ Walmart has 11,703 stores and clubs in 28countries, operating under 59 differentnames.", "Walmart __knowledge__ The company operates under the name Walmart in the United States and Canada, as Walmart de México y Centroamérica in Mexico and Central America, as Asda in the United Kingdom, as the Seiyu Group in Japan, and as Best Price in India.", "Web Thrift Store __knowledge__ Web Thrift Store is an organization based in New York City that facilitates non-profit organizations to raise money through it.", "Web Thrift Store __knowledge__ It was founded in 2011 by Doug Kurgman and Lynn Zises.", "Web Thrift Store __knowledge__ Web Thrift Store was founded in 2011 by Doug Krugman and Lynn Zises in New York City.", "Web Thrift Store __knowledge__ The stated goal of the company is to allow non-profit organizations to run online thrift stores without having to maintain inventory.", "Web Thrift Store __knowledge__ Part of the reason the two founded the organization was to get people to donate things that they do not use in order to raise cash for non-profits.", "Web Thrift Store __knowledge__ Items donated to the website earn money for charities.", "Society of Saint Vincent de Paul __knowledge__ The Society of St Vincent de Paul (SVP or SVdP or SSVP) is an international voluntary organization in the Catholic Church, founded in 1833 for the sanctification of its members by personal service of the poor.", "Society of Saint Vincent de Paul __knowledge__ Innumerable Catholic parishes have established \"conferences\", most of which affiliate with a diocesan council.", "Society of Saint Vincent de Paul __knowledge__ Among its varied efforts to offer material help to the poor or needy, the Society also has thrift stores which sell donated goods at a low price and raise money for the poor.", "Society of Saint Vincent de Paul __knowledge__ There are a great variety of outreach programs sponsored by the local conferences and councils, addressing local needs for social services.", "Thrift store chic __knowledge__ Thrift store chic refers to a style of dressing where clothes are cheap and/or used.", "Thrift store chic __knowledge__ Clothes are often bought from thrift stores such as the Salvation Army, Goodwill, or Value Village.", "Thrift store chic __knowledge__ Originally popular among the hippies of the late 1960s, this fashion movement resurfaced during the mid-1980s among teenagers, and expanded into the 1990s with the growing popularity of such music and style influences including the grunge band Nirvana.", "Thrift store chic __knowledge__ Thrift store chic can be considered as an anti-fashion statement because it does not follow fashion trends and does not attempt to look expensive or new.", "Thrift store chic __knowledge__ Thrift store chic is often composed of vintage T-shirts (striped tees and anything with vintage graphics, in particular), sweaters, flannel ‘lumberjack’ shirts, and worn and torn jeans." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Charity shop __knowledge__ A charity shop or thrift shop is a retail establishment run by a charitable organization to raise money.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ Charity shops are a type of social enterprise.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ They sell mainly used goods such as clothing, books, music albums, home videos, and furniture donated by members of the public, and are often staffed by volunteers.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ Because the items for sale were obtained for free, and business costs are low, the items can be sold at competitive prices.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ After costs are paid, all remaining income from the sales is used in accord with the organization's stated charitable purpose.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ Costs include purchase and/or depreciation of fixtures (clothing racks, bookshelves, counters, etc.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ ), operating costs (maintenance, municipal service fees, electricity, heat, telephone, limited advertising) and the building lease or mortgage.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ Charity shops may also be referred to as thrift stores (in the United States and Canada), hospice shops, resale shops (a term that in the U.S. also covers consignment shops), and opportunity (or op) shops (in Australia and New Zealand).", "Charity shop __knowledge__ One of the earliest charity shops was set up by the Wolverhampton Society for the Blind (now called the Beacon Centre for the Blind) in 1899 to sell goods made by blind people to raise money for the Society.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters from Happy Tree Friends.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ There are 27 main characters, and some other supporting characters.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ To celebrate the 10th anniversary of the series in 2010, the creators of the show announced that there would be one more character added to Happy Tree Friends in the near future.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ The candidates were a sheep/lamb named Lammy and a pig named Truffles.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ The voting took place during the month of March 2010, and the winner was Lammy, who have featured in most of the latest episodes.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ Even though Truffles lost the vote, he still cameos in some episodes.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ Cuddles is a laser yellow male rabbit with pink cheeks, or a blush along with pink bunny slippers.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ \"Oh Yeah\" is a single released in 1985 by the Swiss band Yello and featured on their album \"Stella\".", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ The song features a mix of electronic music and manipulated vocals.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ The song gained popularity after being featured in the films \"Ferris Bueller's Day Off\" and \"The Secret of My Success\", among other films.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ It has become an iconic anthem of the 1980s, and used to metaphorically represent lust (in various forms) and cocaine.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ It is a popular staple in movies, television and commercials.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ Its 1987 re-released version features the extra lyrics: \"such a good time / a really good time\".", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ Describing the composition of \"Oh Yeah,\" Blank said, \"First I did the music and then I invited Dieter to sing along, and he came up with some lines which I thought, 'no Dieter, it's too complicated, we don't need that many lyrics'.", "Stella (album) __knowledge__ Stella is the fourth studio album by the Swiss electronic band Yello, first released in Germany, Switzerland and Austria on 29 January 1985, and in the UK and US in March 1985.", "Stella (album) __knowledge__ It was the first album made by the band without founder member Carlos Perón, and with his departure the remaining duo of Boris Blank and Dieter Meier began to move away from experimental electronic sounds towards a more commercial synthpop and cinematic soundtrack style.", "Stella (album) __knowledge__ As well as becoming the first album ever by a Swiss group to top the Swiss album chart, it was the band's breakthrough album internationally, helped by the success of the song \"Oh Yeah\", which gained the band worldwide attention the following year after it was prominently featured in the 1986 film \"Ferris Bueller's Day Off\" and then a year later in \"The Secret of My Success\".", "Ferris Bueller's Day Off __knowledge__ Ferris Bueller's Day Off is a 1986 American teen comedy film written, co-produced, and directed by John Hughes, and co-produced by Tom Jacobson.", "Ferris Bueller's Day Off __knowledge__ The film stars Matthew Broderick as Ferris Bueller, a high-school slacker who spends a day off from school, with Mia Sara and Alan Ruck.", "Ferris Bueller's Day Off __knowledge__ Ferris regularly \"breaks the fourth wall\" to explain techniques and inner thoughts.", "Ferris Bueller's Day Off __knowledge__ Hughes wrote the screenplay in less than a week.", "Ferris Bueller's Day Off __knowledge__ Filming began in September 1985 and finished in November 1985.", "Ferris Bueller's Day Off __knowledge__ Featuring many landmarks, including the Sears Tower and the Art Institute of Chicago, the film was Hughes' love letter to Chicago: \"I really wanted to capture as much of Chicago as I could.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ Stone is a 2010 U.S. crime thriller film directed by John Curran and starring Robert De Niro, Edward Norton and Milla Jovovich.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ Most of the filming was done in Washtenaw County, Michigan.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ This was the final film to be released by Overture Films.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ Young mother Madylyn Mabry puts her daughter to bed while her husband Jack watches golf on television.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ A bee buzzes around the window as she stays with her girl.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ After the child is asleep, she goes downstairs and announces she's leaving, saying \"You keep my soul in a dungeon.\"", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ He takes a moment to disconnect from the game, then runs upstairs to the bedroom and holds their daughter out the window, threatening to drop her if Madylyn leaves.", "FairTax __knowledge__ The FairTax is a proposal to reform the federal tax code of the United States.", "FairTax __knowledge__ It would replace all federal income taxes (including the alternative minimum tax, corporate income taxes, and capital gains taxes), payroll taxes (including Social Security and Medicare taxes), gift taxes, and estate taxes with a single broad national consumption tax on retail sales.", "FairTax __knowledge__ The \"Fair Tax Act\" (/) would apply a tax, once, at the point of purchase on all new goods and services for personal consumption.", "FairTax __knowledge__ The proposal also calls for a monthly payment to all family households of lawful U.S. residents as an advance rebate, or \"prebate\", of tax on purchases up to the poverty level.", "Used good __knowledge__ A secondhand or used good is one that is being purchased by or otherwise transferred to a second or later end user.", "Used good __knowledge__ A \"used\" good can also simply mean it is no longer in the same condition as it was when transferred to the current owner.", "Used good __knowledge__ When \"used\" means an item has expended its purpose (such as a used diaper), it is typically called garbage, instead.", "Used good __knowledge__ Used goods may be transferred informally between friends and family for free as hand-me-downs, or they may be sold for a fraction of their original price at garage sales or in church bazaar fundraisers.", "Used good __knowledge__ Governments require some used goods to be sold through regulated markets, as in the case of items which have safety and legal issues, such as used firearms or cars; for these items, government licensing bodies require certification and registration of the sale, to prevent the sale of stolen, unregistered, or unsafe goods.", "Fence (criminal) __knowledge__ A fence, also known as a receiver, mover/moving man or thiefspawn, is an individual who knowingly buys stolen goods in order to later resell them for profit.", "Fence (criminal) __knowledge__ The fence acts as a middleman between thieves and the eventual buyers of stolen goods who may not be aware that the goods are stolen.", "Fence (criminal) __knowledge__ As a verb, the word describes the behaviour of the thief in the transaction: \"The burglar fenced the stolen radio\".", "Fence (criminal) __knowledge__ This sense of the term came from thieves' slang, first attested c. 1700, from the notion of such transactions providing a \"defence\" against being caught.", "Fence (criminal) __knowledge__ The fence is able to make a profit with stolen merchandise because he/she is able to secretly pay thieves a very low price for \"hot\" goods that cannot be easily sold on the open markets.", "Maritime history of California __knowledge__ In the California coast, the use of ships and the Pacific Ocean has historically included water craft (such as dugouts, canoes, sailing ships, and steamships), fisheries, shipbuilding, Gold Rush shipping, ports, shipwrecks, naval ships and installations, and lighthouses.", "Maritime history of California __knowledge__ The maritime history of California can be divided into several periods: the Native American period; European exploration period from 1542 to 1769; the Spanish colonial period, 1769 to 1821; the Mexican period, 1821 to 1847; and United States statehood period, which continues to the present day.", "Maritime history of California __knowledge__ In the northwest coast of California near the redwood forests several Indian tribes developed large dugout canoes they used for fishing, trade and warfare.", "List of confidence tricks __knowledge__ This list of confidence tricks and scams should not be considered complete, but covers the most common examples.", "List of confidence tricks __knowledge__ Confidence tricks and scams are difficult to classify, because they change often and often contain elements of more than one type.", "List of confidence tricks __knowledge__ Throughout this list, the perpetrator of the confidence trick is called the \"con artist\" or simply \"artist\", and the intended victim is the \"mark\".", "List of confidence tricks __knowledge__ Particular scams are mainly directed toward elderly people, as they may be credulous and sometimes inexperienced and/or insecure, especially when the scam involves modern technology such as computers and the internet.", "Winmark __knowledge__ Winmark Corporation is an American franchisor of five retail businesses that specialize in buying and selling used goods.", "Winmark __knowledge__ The company is based in Minneapolis, Minnesota.", "Winmark __knowledge__ Winmark was founded in 1988 as Play It Again Sports Franchise Corporation by Ron Olson and Jeffrey Dahlberg after they purchased the Play It Again Sports franchise rights from Martha Morris.", "Winmark __knowledge__ They renamed the company to Grow Biz International Inc. in June 1993.", "Winmark __knowledge__ Grow Biz went public in August 1993.", "Winmark __knowledge__ In 2000, John Morgan replaced Dahlberg as CEO and renamed the company to Winmark in 2001.", "Winmark __knowledge__ Morgan rescued Winmark from the verge of bankruptcy by selling financially failing franchise concepts and stores and replacing the management team.", "Executive compensation in the United States __knowledge__ In the United States, the compensation of company executives is distinguished by the forms it takes and its dramatic rise over the past three decades and wide-ranging criticism leveled against it.", "Executive compensation in the United States __knowledge__ In the past three decades in America executive compensation or pay has risen dramatically beyond what can be explained by changes in firm size, performance, and industry classification.", "Executive compensation in the United States __knowledge__ It is the highest in the world in both absolute terms and relative to median salary in the US.", "Executive compensation in the United States __knowledge__ It has been criticized not only as excessive, but also for \"rewarding failure\"—including massive drops in stock price, and much of the national growth in income inequality." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Charity shop __knowledge__ A charity shop or thrift shop is a retail establishment run by a charitable organization to raise money.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ Charity shops are a type of social enterprise.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ They sell mainly used goods such as clothing, books, music albums, home videos, and furniture donated by members of the public, and are often staffed by volunteers.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ Because the items for sale were obtained for free, and business costs are low, the items can be sold at competitive prices.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ After costs are paid, all remaining income from the sales is used in accord with the organization's stated charitable purpose.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ Costs include purchase and/or depreciation of fixtures (clothing racks, bookshelves, counters, etc.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ ), operating costs (maintenance, municipal service fees, electricity, heat, telephone, limited advertising) and the building lease or mortgage.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ Charity shops may also be referred to as thrift stores (in the United States and Canada), hospice shops, resale shops (a term that in the U.S. also covers consignment shops), and opportunity (or op) shops (in Australia and New Zealand).", "Charity shop __knowledge__ One of the earliest charity shops was set up by the Wolverhampton Society for the Blind (now called the Beacon Centre for the Blind) in 1899 to sell goods made by blind people to raise money for the Society.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Hillary Clinton, the nominee of the Democratic Party for president of the United States in 2016, has taken positions on political issues while serving as First Lady of Arkansas (1979–81; 1983–92), First Lady of the United States (1993–2001); as U.S.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Senator from New York (2001–2009); and serving as the United States Secretary of State (2009–2013).", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In accordance with longstanding custom, during her time as Secretary of State she largely avoided taking stances on most domestic political issues.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In 2015, she announced her candidacy for the presidency.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Clinton won the Democratic primaries and formally became the party's nominee at the 2016 Democratic National Convention.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ South African criminal law is the body of national law relating to crime in South Africa.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ In the definition of Van der Walt \"et al\", a crime is \"conduct which common or statute law prohibits and expressly or impliedly subjects to punishment remissible by the state alone and which the offender cannot avoid by his own act once he has been convicted.\"", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ Crime involves the infliction of harm against society.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ The function or object of criminal law is to provide a social mechanism with which to coerce members of society to abstain from conduct that is harmful to the interests of society.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ In South Africa, as in most adversarial legal systems, the standard of evidence required to validate a criminal conviction is proof beyond a reasonable doubt.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "List of X characters __knowledge__ This article describes the fictional characters of the \"X\" manga series by Clamp.", "List of X characters __knowledge__ \"X\" takes place in the year 1999.", "List of X characters __knowledge__ The end of the world is fast approaching as superhuman individuals gather and take sides in the city of Tokyo, site for the battle of Armageddon.", "List of X characters __knowledge__ The characters are represented by a Tarot card included in each manga volume, including the first artbook (ZeØro).", "List of X characters __knowledge__ The protagonist of \"X\", is a powerful esper whose destiny is to decide whether the world should be destroyed so it may be reborn without humanity or save the world so humanity can continue to live in its current state.", "List of X characters __knowledge__ Kamui's best friend, is initially kind and gentle.", "Criminal procedure in South Africa __knowledge__ Criminal procedure in South Africa refers to the adjudication process of that country's criminal law.", "Criminal procedure in South Africa __knowledge__ It forms part of procedural or adjectival law, and describes the means by which its substantive counterpart, South African criminal law, is applied.", "Criminal procedure in South Africa __knowledge__ It has its basis mainly in English law.", "Criminal procedure in South Africa __knowledge__ When the British occupied the Cape permanently in 1806, they retained the Roman-Dutch legal system.", "Criminal procedure in South Africa __knowledge__ They concluded, however, that the criminal justice system was archaic, and so introduced one based on their own in 1828.", "Criminal procedure in South Africa __knowledge__ It has been developed over the years to suit local conditions.", "Criminal procedure in South Africa __knowledge__ The South African system today is basically accusatorial: that is, the state accuses and the accused defends.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The Nicomachean Ethics (; Greek: Ἠθικὰ Νικομάχεια) is the name normally given to Aristotle's best-known work on ethics.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The work, which plays a pre-eminent role in defining Aristotelian ethics, consists of ten books, originally separate scrolls, and is understood to be based on notes from his lectures at the Lyceum.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The title is often assumed to refer to his son Nicomachus, to whom the work was dedicated or who may have edited it (although his young age makes this less likely).", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ Alternatively, the work may have been dedicated to his father, who was also called Nicomachus.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The theme of the work is a Socratic question previously explored in the works of Plato, Aristotle's friend and teacher, of how men should best live.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ South African labour law regulates the relationship between employers, employees and trade unions in the Republic of South Africa.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ The Native Labour Regulations Act 1911 prohibited strikes by trade unions, introduced wage ceilings and a pass system for moving around jobs.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Over 70,000 Chinese labourers were brought in, and used by landowners to undercut the wages of other workers.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Among white workers, there was significant unrest, and major strikes took place in 1907, 1913, 1914 and 1922 For a period of sixteen years, from 1979 to 1995, several critical developments occurred in the field of labour law in South Africa, beginning with a radical change in the first of these years, when a significant Commission of Enquiry was held, resulting in the establishment of an Industrial Court, which was given extensive powers to mould, change, shape and develop the law.", "The Crow (1994 film) __knowledge__ The Crow is a 1994 American fantasy action film directed by Alex Proyas, written by David J. Schow and John Shirley.", "The Crow (1994 film) __knowledge__ The film stars Brandon Lee in his final film appearance.", "The Crow (1994 film) __knowledge__ The film is based on James O'Barr's 1989 comic book \"The Crow\", and tells the story of Eric Draven (Lee), a rock musician who is revived from the dead to avenge his own death as well as the rape and murder of his fiancée.", "The Crow (1994 film) __knowledge__ The lead actor, Brandon Lee, was accidentally mortally wounded on the set during filming by a defective blank, only eight days before the film would have completed production.", "The Crow (1994 film) __knowledge__ Unfinished scenes that were to feature him were dealt with a re-written format in the script, a stunt double and digital special effects.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement __knowledge__ The Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement is a defence procurement project of the Canadian government to purchase Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Joint Strike Fighters for the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF), a process started in 1997.", "Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement __knowledge__ The F-35 procurement has been a source of considerable controversy in public policy circles in Canada since the federal government announced its intention to purchase the aircraft in 2010.", "Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement __knowledge__ In April 2012, with the release of a highly critical Auditor General of Canada report on the failures of the government's F-35 program, the procurement was labelled a national \"scandal\" and \"fiasco\" by the media.", "Organ donation __knowledge__ Organ donation is when a person allows an organ of theirs to be removed, legally, either by consent while the donor is alive or after death with the assent of the next of kin.", "Organ donation __knowledge__ Donation may be for research, or, more commonly healthy transplantable organs and tissues may be donated to be transplanted into another person.", "Organ donation __knowledge__ Common transplantations include: kidneys, heart, liver, pancreas, intestines, lungs, bones, bone marrow, skin, and corneas.", "Organ donation __knowledge__ Some organs and tissues can be donated by living donors, such as a kidney or part of the liver, part of the pancreas, part of the lungs or part of the intestines, but most donations occur after the donor has died.", "Political positions of Ron Paul __knowledge__ The political positions of Ron Paul (L-TX), United States presidential candidate in 1988, 2008, and 2012, are generally described as libertarian, but have also been labeled conservative and constitutionalist.", "Political positions of Ron Paul __knowledge__ and Paul's nickname \"Dr. No\" reflects both his medical degree and his assertion that he will \"never vote for legislation unless the proposed measure is expressly authorized by the Constitution\".", "Political positions of Ron Paul __knowledge__ This position has frequently resulted in Paul casting the sole \"no\" vote against proposed legislation.", "Political positions of Ron Paul __knowledge__ The central tenet of Paul's political philosophy is that \"the proper role for government in America is to provide national defense, a court system for civil disputes, a criminal justice system for acts of force and fraud, and little else.\"", "Executive compensation in the United States __knowledge__ In the United States, the compensation of company executives is distinguished by the forms it takes and its dramatic rise over the past three decades and wide-ranging criticism leveled against it.", "Executive compensation in the United States __knowledge__ In the past three decades in America executive compensation or pay has risen dramatically beyond what can be explained by changes in firm size, performance, and industry classification.", "Executive compensation in the United States __knowledge__ It is the highest in the world in both absolute terms and relative to median salary in the US.", "Executive compensation in the United States __knowledge__ It has been criticized not only as excessive, but also for \"rewarding failure\"—including massive drops in stock price, and much of the national growth in income inequality." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 51, 0 ]

[ "I think that thrift stores are amazing. Not only do they sell great items for low prices, they help raise money.", "Indeed. They sell mainly used goods, that you would often pay a fortune for. I've heard of people buying art for a dollar to find out its worth thousands.", "Yes, I believe that it is a good practice to donate items instead of throwing them away. So many people need items and simply can't afford to pay top dollar for them.", "Yes, and the money they receive, after all bills are paid, are sent directly to a charity." ]

[ "Charity shop", "Charity shop", "Charity shop", "Charity shop" ]

[ "Anne of Green Gables", "I have heard of it but never read it. What is it about?", "Did they ever make a movie about that? The story seems familiar", "Is it considered a children's novel? I seem to recall that" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Anne of Green Gables __knowledge__ Anne of Green Gables is a 1908 novel by Canadian author Lucy Maud Montgomery (published as L. M. Montgomery).", "Anne of Green Gables __knowledge__ Written for all ages, it has been considered a children's novel since the mid-twentieth century.", "Anne of Green Gables __knowledge__ It recounts the adventures of Anne Shirley, an 11-year-old orphan girl who is mistakenly sent to Matthew and Marilla Cuthbert, a middle-aged brother and sister who had intended to adopt a boy to help them on their farm in the fictional town of Avonlea on Prince Edward Island.", "Anne of Green Gables __knowledge__ The novel recounts how Anne makes her way with the Cuthberts, in school, and within the town.", "Anne of Green Gables __knowledge__ Since its publication, \"Anne of Green Gables\" has sold more than 50 million copies and has been translated into at least 36 languages.", "Anne of Green Gables __knowledge__ Montgomery wrote numerous sequels, and since her death, another sequel has been published, as well as an authorized prequel.", "Anne of Green Gables __knowledge__ The original book is taught to students around the world.", "Anne of Green Gables __knowledge__ The book has been adapted as films, made-for-television movies, and animated and live-action television series.", "Anne of Green Gables __knowledge__ Musicals and plays have also been created, with productions annually in Canada since 1964 of the first musical production, which has toured in Canada, the United States, Europe, and Japan.", "Anne of Green Gables __knowledge__ In writing the novel, Montgomery was inspired by notes she had made as a young girl about a couple who were mistakenly sent an orphan girl instead of the boy they had requested yet decided to keep her." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Anne of Green Gables __knowledge__ Anne of Green Gables is a 1908 novel by Canadian author Lucy Maud Montgomery (published as L. M. Montgomery).", "Anne of Green Gables __knowledge__ Written for all ages, it has been considered a children's novel since the mid-twentieth century.", "Anne of Green Gables __knowledge__ It recounts the adventures of Anne Shirley, an 11-year-old orphan girl who is mistakenly sent to Matthew and Marilla Cuthbert, a middle-aged brother and sister who had intended to adopt a boy to help them on their farm in the fictional town of Avonlea on Prince Edward Island.", "Anne of Green Gables __knowledge__ The novel recounts how Anne makes her way with the Cuthberts, in school, and within the town.", "Anne of Green Gables __knowledge__ Since its publication, \"Anne of Green Gables\" has sold more than 50 million copies and has been translated into at least 36 languages.", "Anne of Green Gables __knowledge__ Montgomery wrote numerous sequels, and since her death, another sequel has been published, as well as an authorized prequel.", "Anne of Green Gables __knowledge__ The original book is taught to students around the world.", "Anne of Green Gables __knowledge__ The book has been adapted as films, made-for-television movies, and animated and live-action television series.", "Anne of Green Gables __knowledge__ Musicals and plays have also been created, with productions annually in Canada since 1964 of the first musical production, which has toured in Canada, the United States, Europe, and Japan.", "Anne of Green Gables __knowledge__ In writing the novel, Montgomery was inspired by notes she had made as a young girl about a couple who were mistakenly sent an orphan girl instead of the boy they had requested yet decided to keep her.", "Enrico Mattei __knowledge__ Enrico Mattei (April 29, 1906 – October 27, 1962) was an Italian public administrator.", "Enrico Mattei __knowledge__ After World War II he was given the task of dismantling the Italian Petroleum Agency Agip, a state enterprise established by the Fascist regime.", "Enrico Mattei __knowledge__ Instead Mattei enlarged and reorganized it into the National Fuel Trust, \"Ente Nazionale Idrocarburi\" (ENI).", "Enrico Mattei __knowledge__ Under his direction ENI negotiated important oil concessions in the Middle East as well as a significant trade agreement with the Soviet Union which helped break the oligopoly of the 'Seven Sisters' that dominated the mid 20th century oil industry.", "Enrico Mattei __knowledge__ He also introduced the principle whereby the country that owned exploited oil reserves received 75% of the profits.", "Mattei family __knowledge__ The House of Mattei was one of the most powerful noble families of Rome during the Middle Ages and early modern era, holding high positions in the papal curia and government office.", "Mattei family __knowledge__ The family amassed significant art collections under art enthusiasts such as Ciriaco Mattei.", "Mattei family __knowledge__ The Mattei gave eight Cardinals to the Catholic Church, among them Girolamo Mattei (1586), Gaspare Mattei (1643), Alessandro Mattei (1803), Mario Mattei (1832), Lorenzo Girolamo Mattei (1833) and (as late as 1875) Ruggero Luigi Emidio Antici Mattei.", "Mattei family __knowledge__ The founder of one powerful branch of the Mattei was Giovanni Giacomo Mattei.", "Bruno Mattei __knowledge__ Bruno Mattei (30 July 1931 – 21 May 2007) was an Italian film director, screenwriter and editor who directed exploitation films in many genres, including women in prison, nunsploitation, zombie, cannibal and Naziploitation films.", "Bruno Mattei __knowledge__ Mattei's films were often following the popular genre trends of the era.", "Bruno Mattei __knowledge__ Mattei continued work as a director until his death in 2007.", "Bruno Mattei __knowledge__ Bruno Mattei was born on July 30, 1931 in Rome, Italy.", "Bruno Mattei __knowledge__ Mattei grew up around films as his father owned a film editing studio.", "Bruno Mattei __knowledge__ He studied at the Centro Sperimentale Centrale, the national film school, and graduated in 1951.", "Bruno Mattei __knowledge__ Mattei initially worked as a screenwriter and claimed to have worked on over 100 films as an editor, a claim that film historian Louis Paul stated was \"difficult to verify\".", "Fontana delle Tartarughe __knowledge__ The Fontana delle Tartarughe (The Turtle Fountain) is a fountain of the late Italian Renaissance, located in Piazza Mattei, in the Sant'Angelo district of Rome, Italy.", "Fontana delle Tartarughe __knowledge__ It was built between 1580 and 1588 by the architect Giacomo della Porta and the sculptor Taddeo Landini.", "Fontana delle Tartarughe __knowledge__ The bronze turtles around the upper basin, usually attributed either to Gian Lorenzo Bernini or Andrea Sacchi, were added in either 1658 or 1659 when the fountain was restored.", "Fontana delle Tartarughe __knowledge__ The Fontana delle Tatarughe, like all Renaissance fountains, was designed to supply drinking water to the Roman population.", "Fontana delle Tartarughe __knowledge__ It was one of a group of eighteen new fountains built in Rome in the sixteenth century following the restoration of a ruined first century Roman acqueduct, the Acqua Vergine, by Pope Gregory XIII.", "Mauro De Mauro __knowledge__ Mauro De Mauro (born September 6, 1921 – disappeared September 16, 1970) was an Italian investigative journalist.", "Mauro De Mauro __knowledge__ Originally a supporter of the Fascist regime of Benito Mussolini he eventually became a journalist with the left-leaning newspaper \"L'Ora\" in Palermo.", "Mauro De Mauro __knowledge__ He disappeared in September 1970 and his body has not yet been found.", "Mauro De Mauro __knowledge__ The disappearance and probable death of the \"inconvenient journalist\" (\"giornalista scomodo\") – as he became known as a result of his investigative reporting – remains one of the unsolved mysteries in Italian history.", "Mauro De Mauro __knowledge__ Several explanations for his disappearance are current.", "Asdrubale Mattei __knowledge__ Asdrubale Mattei (died 1638), Duca di Giove, was an Italian nobleman of the House of Mattei, an avid art collector and a patron of Caravaggio.", "Asdrubale Mattei __knowledge__ Mattei was the third of three sons of Alessandro Mattei and Emilia Mazzatosta and the younger brother of Ciriaco Mattei and Cardinal Girolamo Mattei.", "Asdrubale Mattei __knowledge__ He married Costanza Gonzaga (of the House of Gonzaga) and they had three sons: In 1597, Mattei and his brother Ciriaco paid 65,000 scudi for the fortified comune of Giove which allowed Mattei to be appointed \"Duca di Giove\" (Duke of Giove).", "Asdrubale Mattei __knowledge__ Mattei passed the title and property to his son, Girolamo.", "Asdrubale Mattei __knowledge__ Between 1598 and 1618, Mattei commissioned architect Carlo Maderno to build the Palazzo Mattei.", "Antonio Mattei Lluberas __knowledge__ Antonio Mattei Lluberas (September 7, 1857 – January 15, 1908), was a businessman and politician who in 1897 planned and led the second and last major uprising against Spanish colonial rule in Puerto Rico, known as the Intentona de Yauco.", "Antonio Mattei Lluberas __knowledge__ Mattei Lluberas was born in the town of Yauco, Puerto Rico to Antonio Mattei Casanova and Mercedes Lluberas Torres de Figueroa.", "Antonio Mattei Lluberas __knowledge__ Mattei Lluberas' father's parents, who were of Corsican descent, sent him to France where he received his primary and secondary education.", "Antonio Mattei Lluberas __knowledge__ He returned to Puerto Rico and became a wealthy businessman after he established a successful coffee plantation.", "Anne Shirley __knowledge__ Anne Shirley is a fictional character introduced in the 1908 novel \"Anne of Green Gables\" by Lucy Maud Montgomery.", "Anne Shirley __knowledge__ Montgomery wrote in her journal that the idea for Anne's story came from relatives who, planning to adopt an orphaned boy, received a girl instead.", "Anne Shirley __knowledge__ Anne Shirley's appearance was inspired by a photograph which Montgomery clipped from the Metropolitan Magazine and kept, unaware of the model's identity as the 1900s Gibson Girl Evelyn Nesbit.", "Anne Shirley __knowledge__ Anne Shirley was born in the (fictional) town of Bolingbroke, Nova Scotia and spent the earliest years of her childhood there.", "Anne Shirley __knowledge__ No specific birthdate is given, but references in later works suggest her date of birth is in March 1865, although a reference in \"Anne's House of Dreams\" to the Canadian federal election of 1896, when she was approximately 27, could be interpreted to date her birth to approximately the spring of 1869.", "Anne of Green Gables (1985 film) __knowledge__ Anne of Green Gables is a 1985 Canadian television mini-series drama film based on the novel of the same name by Canadian author Lucy Maud Montgomery, and is the first in a series of four films.", "Anne of Green Gables (1985 film) __knowledge__ The film starred Megan Follows and was produced and directed by Kevin Sullivan for the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation.", "Anne of Green Gables (1985 film) __knowledge__ It was released theatrically in Iran, Israel, Europe, and Japan.", "Anne of Green Gables (1985 film) __knowledge__ The film aired on CBC Television as a two-part miniseries on December 1, 1985.", "Anne of Green Gables (1985 film) __knowledge__ Both parts of the film were among the highest-rated programs of any genre ever to air on a Canadian television network.", "Anne of Green Gables (1985 film) __knowledge__ On February 17, 1986, the film aired on PBS in the United States on the series \"WonderWorks\".", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ Lucy Maud Montgomery, (November 30, 1874 – April 24, 1942), published as L.M.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ Montgomery, was a Canadian author best known for a series of novels beginning in 1908 with \"Anne of Green Gables\".", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ The book was an immediate success.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ The central character, Anne Shirley, an orphaned girl, made Montgomery famous in her lifetime and gave her an international following.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ The first novel was followed by a series of sequels with Anne as the central character.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ Montgomery went on to publish 20 novels as well as 530 short stories, 500 poems, and 30 essays.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ Most of the novels were set in Prince Edward Island, and locations within Canada's smallest province became a literary landmark and popular tourist site – namely Green Gables farm, the genesis of Prince Edward Island National Park.", "Anne of Green Gables: The Sequel __knowledge__ Anne of Green Gables: The Sequel is a 1987 Canadian television miniseries film.", "Anne of Green Gables: The Sequel __knowledge__ It is a sequel to \"Anne of Green Gables\", and the second of a tetralogy of films.", "Anne of Green Gables: The Sequel __knowledge__ The miniseries dramatizes material from several books in the eight-novel \"Anne\" series by Lucy Maud Montgomery; they are \"Anne of Avonlea\" (Book Two), \"Anne of the Island\" (Book Three) and \"Anne of Windy Poplars\" (Book Four).", "Anne of Green Gables: The Sequel __knowledge__ As well, the TV film introduces several characters and issues not present in the books.", "Anne of Green Gables: The Sequel __knowledge__ The miniseries aired in four hour-long installments, in May and June 1987, on the Disney Channel as \"Anne of Avonlea: The Continuing Story of Anne of Green Gables\", and in two 150-minute installments, in December 1987 on the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, and in March 1988 on PBS, as \"Anne of Green Gables: The Sequel\".", "Anne of Green Gables: The Continuing Story __knowledge__ Anne of Green Gables: The Continuing Story was a 2000 mini-series television film, and the third installment in a series of four films.", "Anne of Green Gables: The Continuing Story __knowledge__ The film was highly anticipated among fans of \"Anne of Green Gables\".", "Anne of Green Gables: The Continuing Story __knowledge__ It borrowed characters from the \"Anne of Green Gables\" novels by Lucy Maud Montgomery.", "Anne of Green Gables: The Continuing Story __knowledge__ It served as a sequel to two mini-series produced by CBC Television in the 1980s.", "Anne of Green Gables: The Continuing Story __knowledge__ It was the most controversial and heavily criticized of the three film adaptations written and produced by Kevin Sullivan.", "Anne of Green Gables: The Continuing Story __knowledge__ \"The Continuing Story\" was criticized principally because unlike the 1985 \"Anne of Green Gables\" and its 1987 sequel \"Anne of Avonlea\", the screenplay was not based upon Montgomery's works, but instead used Montgomery's characters in a largely original World War I story by Sullivan and Laurie Pearson.", "Julius Street Flats __knowledge__ Julius Street Flats is a heritage-listed group of seven apartment blocks at 15 Julius Street, New Farm, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.", "Julius Street Flats __knowledge__ They were built from 1934 to early 1950s.", "Julius Street Flats __knowledge__ The apartment blocks are called Ardrossan, Green Gables, Julius Lodge (formerly Nanmara), Syncarpia, Ainslie, Pine Lodge (formerly Aloha Court) and Evelyn Court.", "Julius Street Flats __knowledge__ They were added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 4 August 1997.", "Julius Street Flats __knowledge__ Julius Street Flats, consisting of seven properties comprising Ardrossan, Green Gables, 5 Julius Street, Syncarpia, Ainslie, Pine Lodge, and Evelyn Court, are located fronting Julius Street, a short cul-de-sac off Moray Street, New Farm." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Anne of Green Gables __knowledge__ Anne of Green Gables is a 1908 novel by Canadian author Lucy Maud Montgomery (published as L. M. Montgomery).", "Anne of Green Gables __knowledge__ Written for all ages, it has been considered a children's novel since the mid-twentieth century.", "Anne of Green Gables __knowledge__ It recounts the adventures of Anne Shirley, an 11-year-old orphan girl who is mistakenly sent to Matthew and Marilla Cuthbert, a middle-aged brother and sister who had intended to adopt a boy to help them on their farm in the fictional town of Avonlea on Prince Edward Island.", "Anne of Green Gables __knowledge__ The novel recounts how Anne makes her way with the Cuthberts, in school, and within the town.", "Anne of Green Gables __knowledge__ Since its publication, \"Anne of Green Gables\" has sold more than 50 million copies and has been translated into at least 36 languages.", "Anne of Green Gables __knowledge__ Montgomery wrote numerous sequels, and since her death, another sequel has been published, as well as an authorized prequel.", "Anne of Green Gables __knowledge__ The original book is taught to students around the world.", "Anne of Green Gables __knowledge__ The book has been adapted as films, made-for-television movies, and animated and live-action television series.", "Anne of Green Gables __knowledge__ Musicals and plays have also been created, with productions annually in Canada since 1964 of the first musical production, which has toured in Canada, the United States, Europe, and Japan.", "Anne of Green Gables __knowledge__ In writing the novel, Montgomery was inspired by notes she had made as a young girl about a couple who were mistakenly sent an orphan girl instead of the boy they had requested yet decided to keep her.", "Memory error __knowledge__ Memory gaps and errors refer to the incorrect recall, or complete loss, of information in the memory system for a specific detail and/or event.", "Memory error __knowledge__ Memory errors may include remembering events that never occurred, or remembering them differently from the way they actually happened.", "Memory error __knowledge__ These errors or gaps can occur due to a number of different reasons, including the emotional involvement in the situation, expectations and environmental changes.", "Memory error __knowledge__ As the retention interval between encoding and retrieval of the memory lengthens, there is an increase in both the amount that is forgotten, and the likelihood of a memory error occurring.", "The Golden Compass (film) __knowledge__ The Golden Compass is a 2007 fantasy adventure film based on \"Northern Lights\", the first novel in Philip Pullman's trilogy \"His Dark Materials\".", "The Golden Compass (film) __knowledge__ Written and directed by Chris Weitz, it stars Nicole Kidman, Dakota Blue Richards, Daniel Craig, Sam Elliott, Eva Green and Ian McKellen.", "The Golden Compass (film) __knowledge__ The project was announced in February 2002, but difficulties over the script and the selection of a director caused significant delays.", "The Golden Compass (film) __knowledge__ At US$180 million, it was one of New Line Cinema's most expensive projects ever, and its disappointing results in the USA contributed to New Line's February 2008 restructuring.", "The Golden Compass (film) __knowledge__ The film depicts the adventures of Lyra Belacqua, an orphan living in a parallel universe on a world that looks much like our own.", "List of Megatokyo characters __knowledge__ In \"Megatokyo\", the popular webcomic by Fred Gallagher, Japanese names are written in Japanese order, with the family name before the given name.", "List of Megatokyo characters __knowledge__ The first feature of \"Megatokyo\" (a filler art day, referred to as a \"dead piro day\") which revealed a character's full name had aforementioned character's name written in Western order (given name before the family name).", "List of Megatokyo characters __knowledge__ The first time a full Japanese name was mentioned in the actual comic, it was written with Japanese order.", "List of Megatokyo characters __knowledge__ Most of the characters in Megatokyo speak English, Japanese (indicated with angle brackets), and/or L33t (usually subtitled).", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ The manga series \"Rurouni Kenshin\" features a large cast of fictional characters created by Nobuhiro Watsuki.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ Set in Japan during the Meiji period, several of the characters are real historical figures who interact with the fictional characters.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ The story follows a pacifist wanderer named Himura Kenshin, who was previously an assassin known as \"\"Hitokiri Battōsai\"\" working for the Isshin Shishi during the Bakumatsu period.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ After helping Kamiya Kaoru, the instructor of a kendo school in Tokyo, in defeating a criminal he is invited by her to stay at her dojo.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ During his stay in Tokyo, Kenshin befriends new people including Myōjin Yahiko, a young child descendant from a samurai family who starts training under Kaoru, Sagara Sanosuke, a former Sekihō who enjoys fighting, and Takani Megumi, a doctor involved with the illegal drug trade.", "Scrooge McDuck __knowledge__ Scrooge McDuck is a fictional character created in 1947 by Carl Barks during his time as a work-for-hire for The Walt Disney Company.", "Scrooge McDuck __knowledge__ Scrooge is an elderly Scottish anthropomorphic Pekin duck with a yellow-orange bill, legs, and feet.", "Scrooge McDuck __knowledge__ He typically wears a red or blue frock coat, top hat, pince-nez glasses, and spats.", "Scrooge McDuck __knowledge__ He is portrayed in animations as speaking with a Scottish accent.", "Scrooge McDuck __knowledge__ Named after Ebenezer Scrooge from the 1843 novel \"A Christmas Carol\", Scrooge is an incredibly wealthy business magnate and self-proclaimed \"adventure-capitalist\" whose dominant character trait is his thrift.", "Scrooge McDuck __knowledge__ He is brother to Matilda McDuck and Hortense McDuck, the maternal uncle of Della and Donald Duck, the grand-uncle of Huey, Dewey and Louie, and a usual financial backer of Gyro Gearloose.", "Persona (1966 film) __knowledge__ Persona is a 1966 Swedish psychological drama film, written and directed by Ingmar Bergman and starring Bibi Andersson and Liv Ullmann.", "Persona (1966 film) __knowledge__ The story revolves around a young nurse named Alma (Andersson) and her patient, well-known stage actress Elisabet Vogler (Ullmann), who has suddenly stopped speaking.", "Persona (1966 film) __knowledge__ They move to a cottage, where Alma cares for Elisabet, confides in her and begins having trouble distinguishing herself from her patient.", "Persona (1966 film) __knowledge__ With elements of psychological horror, \"Persona\" has been the subject of considerable analysis, interpretation and debate.", "Persona (1966 film) __knowledge__ The film, with its themes of duality, insanity and personal identity, has been interpreted as depicting the Jungian theory of \"persona\" and explores cinema, vampire mythology, lesbianism, motherhood, abortion and other subjects.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "Anne Shirley __knowledge__ Anne Shirley is a fictional character introduced in the 1908 novel \"Anne of Green Gables\" by Lucy Maud Montgomery.", "Anne Shirley __knowledge__ Montgomery wrote in her journal that the idea for Anne's story came from relatives who, planning to adopt an orphaned boy, received a girl instead.", "Anne Shirley __knowledge__ Anne Shirley's appearance was inspired by a photograph which Montgomery clipped from the Metropolitan Magazine and kept, unaware of the model's identity as the 1900s Gibson Girl Evelyn Nesbit.", "Anne Shirley __knowledge__ Anne Shirley was born in the (fictional) town of Bolingbroke, Nova Scotia and spent the earliest years of her childhood there.", "Anne Shirley __knowledge__ No specific birthdate is given, but references in later works suggest her date of birth is in March 1865, although a reference in \"Anne's House of Dreams\" to the Canadian federal election of 1896, when she was approximately 27, could be interpreted to date her birth to approximately the spring of 1869.", "Anne of Green Gables (1985 film) __knowledge__ Anne of Green Gables is a 1985 Canadian television mini-series drama film based on the novel of the same name by Canadian author Lucy Maud Montgomery, and is the first in a series of four films.", "Anne of Green Gables (1985 film) __knowledge__ The film starred Megan Follows and was produced and directed by Kevin Sullivan for the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation.", "Anne of Green Gables (1985 film) __knowledge__ It was released theatrically in Iran, Israel, Europe, and Japan.", "Anne of Green Gables (1985 film) __knowledge__ The film aired on CBC Television as a two-part miniseries on December 1, 1985.", "Anne of Green Gables (1985 film) __knowledge__ Both parts of the film were among the highest-rated programs of any genre ever to air on a Canadian television network.", "Anne of Green Gables (1985 film) __knowledge__ On February 17, 1986, the film aired on PBS in the United States on the series \"WonderWorks\".", "Anne of Avonlea __knowledge__ Anne of Avonlea is a novel by Lucy Maud Montgomery.", "Anne of Avonlea __knowledge__ It was first published in 1909.", "Anne of Avonlea __knowledge__ Following \"Anne of Green Gables\" (1908), the book covers the second chapter in the life of Anne Shirley.", "Anne of Avonlea __knowledge__ This book follows Anne from the age of 16 to 18, during the two years that she teaches at Avonlea school.", "Anne of Avonlea __knowledge__ It includes many of the characters from \"Anne of Green Gables\", as well as new ones like Mr. Harrison, Miss Lavendar Lewis, Paul Irving, and the twins Dora and Davy.", "Anne of Avonlea __knowledge__ The book's title is fitting, as Anne is no longer simply \"of Green Gables\" as she was in the previous book, but now takes her place among the \"important\" people (and the \"grown up\" people) of Avonlea society, as its only schoolteacher.", "Anne of the Island __knowledge__ Anne Of The Island is the third book in the \"Anne of Green Gables\" series, written by Lucy Maud Montgomery about Anne Shirley.", "Anne of the Island __knowledge__ \"Anne of the Island\" was published in 1915, seven years after the bestselling \"Anne of Green Gables\".", "Anne of the Island __knowledge__ In the continuing story of Anne Shirley, Anne attends Redmond College in Kingsport, where she is studying for her BA.", "Anne of the Island __knowledge__ Anne leaves Green Gables and her work as a teacher in Avonlea to pursue her original dream (which she gave up in \"Anne of Green Gables\") of taking further education at Redmond College in Nova Scotia.", "Anne of the Island __knowledge__ Gilbert Blythe and Charlie Sloane enroll as well, as does Anne's friend from Queen's Academy, Priscilla Grant.", "Anne of Green Gables (1934 film) __knowledge__ Anne of Green Gables is a 1934 film directed by George Nicholls, Jr., based upon the novel, \"Anne of Green Gables\" by Lucy Maud Montgomery.", "Anne of Green Gables (1934 film) __knowledge__ The actress Dawn O'Day who portrayed the title character of Anne Shirley changed her stage name to \"Anne Shirley\" after making this film.", "Anne of Green Gables (1934 film) __knowledge__ There was also a sequel; \"Anne of Windy Poplars\".", "Anne of Green Gables (1934 film) __knowledge__ This modest film became a surprise hit in 1934, easily succeeding in becoming one of four top-grossing films RKO made that year (as noted in \"The R.K.O.", "Anne of Green Gables (1934 film) __knowledge__ Story\" published by Arlington House).", "Anne of Green Gables (1934 film) __knowledge__ Anne Shirley (Dawn O'Day) is an orphan who has been adopted by farmer Matthew Cuthbert (O.P.", "Anne of Ingleside __knowledge__ Anne of Ingleside is a children's novel by Canadian author Lucy Maud Montgomery.", "Anne of Ingleside __knowledge__ It was first published in July 1939 by McClelland and Stewart (Toronto) and the Frederick A. Stokes Company (New York).", "Anne of Ingleside __knowledge__ It is the tenth of eleven books that feature the character of Anne Shirley, and Montgomery's final published novel.", "Anne of Ingleside __knowledge__ (Two novels that occur later in the \"Anne\" chronology were actually published years earlier.", "Anne of Ingleside __knowledge__ As well, the short story collection \"The Blythes Are Quoted\", written in 1941/42, but not published until 2009, concludes the Anne chronology.)", "Anne of Ingleside __knowledge__ The novel is one of a series of books featuring the character Anne Shirley." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Anne of Green Gables __knowledge__ Anne of Green Gables is a 1908 novel by Canadian author Lucy Maud Montgomery (published as L. M. Montgomery).", "Anne of Green Gables __knowledge__ Written for all ages, it has been considered a children's novel since the mid-twentieth century.", "Anne of Green Gables __knowledge__ It recounts the adventures of Anne Shirley, an 11-year-old orphan girl who is mistakenly sent to Matthew and Marilla Cuthbert, a middle-aged brother and sister who had intended to adopt a boy to help them on their farm in the fictional town of Avonlea on Prince Edward Island.", "Anne of Green Gables __knowledge__ The novel recounts how Anne makes her way with the Cuthberts, in school, and within the town.", "Anne of Green Gables __knowledge__ Since its publication, \"Anne of Green Gables\" has sold more than 50 million copies and has been translated into at least 36 languages.", "Anne of Green Gables __knowledge__ Montgomery wrote numerous sequels, and since her death, another sequel has been published, as well as an authorized prequel.", "Anne of Green Gables __knowledge__ The original book is taught to students around the world.", "Anne of Green Gables __knowledge__ The book has been adapted as films, made-for-television movies, and animated and live-action television series.", "Anne of Green Gables __knowledge__ Musicals and plays have also been created, with productions annually in Canada since 1964 of the first musical production, which has toured in Canada, the United States, Europe, and Japan.", "Anne of Green Gables __knowledge__ In writing the novel, Montgomery was inspired by notes she had made as a young girl about a couple who were mistakenly sent an orphan girl instead of the boy they had requested yet decided to keep her.", "Eyewitness memory __knowledge__ Eyewitness memory is a person's episodic memory for a crime or other dramatic event that he or she has witnessed.", "Eyewitness memory __knowledge__ Eyewitness testimony is often relied upon in the judicial system.", "Eyewitness memory __knowledge__ It can also refer to an individual's memory for a face, where they are required to remember the face of their perpetrator, for example.", "Eyewitness memory __knowledge__ However, the accuracy of eyewitness memories is sometimes questioned because there are many factors that can act during encoding and retrieval of the witnessed event which may adversely affect the creation and maintenance of the memory for the event.", "Eyewitness memory __knowledge__ Experts have found evidence to suggest that eyewitness memory is fallible.", "Recall (memory) __knowledge__ Recall in memory refers to the mental process of retrieval of information from the past.", "Recall (memory) __knowledge__ Along with encoding and storage, it is one of the three core processes of memory.", "Recall (memory) __knowledge__ There are three main types of recall: free recall, cued recall and serial recall.", "Recall (memory) __knowledge__ Psychologists test these forms of recall as a way to study the memory processes of humans and animals.", "Recall (memory) __knowledge__ Two main theories of the process of recall are the two-stage theory and the theory of encoding specificity.", "Recall (memory) __knowledge__ The \"two-stage theory\" states that the process of recall begins with a search and retrieval process, and then a decision or recognition process where the correct information is chosen from what has been retrieved.", "Childhood amnesia __knowledge__ Childhood amnesia, also called infantile amnesia, is the inability of adults to retrieve episodic memories (memories of situations or events) before the age of 2–4 years, as well as the period before age 10 of which adults retain fewer memories than might otherwise be expected given the passage of time.", "Childhood amnesia __knowledge__ The development of a cognitive self is also thought by some to have an effect on encoding and storing early memories.", "Childhood amnesia __knowledge__ Some research has demonstrated that children can remember events from the age of 1, but that these memories may decline as children get older.", "Childhood amnesia __knowledge__ Most psychologists differ in defining the offset of childhood amnesia.", "Context-dependent memory __knowledge__ In psychology, context-dependent memory is the improved recall of specific episodes or information when the \"context\" present at encoding and retrieval are the same.", "Context-dependent memory __knowledge__ One particularly common example of context-dependence at work occurs when an individual has lost an item (e.g.", "Context-dependent memory __knowledge__ lost car keys) in an unknown location.", "Context-dependent memory __knowledge__ Typically, people try to systematically \"retrace their steps\" to determine all of the possible places where the item might be located.", "Context-dependent memory __knowledge__ Based on the role that context plays in determining recall, it is not at all surprising that individuals often quite easily discover the lost item upon returning to the correct context.", "Eyewitness memory (child testimony) __knowledge__ An eyewitness testimony is a statement given under oath by a person present at an event who can describe what happened.", "Eyewitness memory (child testimony) __knowledge__ During circumstances in which a child is a witness to the event, the child can be used to deliver a testimony on the stand.", "Eyewitness memory (child testimony) __knowledge__ The credibility of a child, however, is often questioned due to their underdeveloped memory capacity and overall brain physiology.", "Eyewitness memory (child testimony) __knowledge__ Researchers found that eyewitness memory requires high-order memory capacity even for well-developed adult brain.", "Eyewitness memory (child testimony) __knowledge__ Because a child's brain is not yet fully developed, each child witness must be assessed by the proper authorities to determine their reliability as a witness and whether or not they are mature enough to accurately recall the event, provide important details and withstand leading questions.", "California gubernatorial recall election __knowledge__ The 2003 California gubernatorial recall election was a special election permitted under California state law.", "California gubernatorial recall election __knowledge__ It resulted in voters replacing incumbent Democratic Governor Gray Davis with Republican Arnold Schwarzenegger.", "California gubernatorial recall election __knowledge__ Davis was ineligible to run for a third term due to term limits after the recall election.", "California gubernatorial recall election __knowledge__ The recall effort spanned the latter half of 2003.", "California gubernatorial recall election __knowledge__ Other California governors, including Pat Brown, Ronald Reagan, Jerry Brown, and Pete Wilson, had faced unsuccessful recall attempts.", "California gubernatorial recall election __knowledge__ After several legal and procedural efforts failed to stop it, California's first-ever gubernatorial recall election was held on October 7, and the results were certified on November 14, 2003, making Davis the first governor recalled in the history of California, and just the second in U.S. history (the first was North Dakota's 1921 recall of Lynn Frazier).", "Memory error __knowledge__ Memory gaps and errors refer to the incorrect recall, or complete loss, of information in the memory system for a specific detail and/or event.", "Memory error __knowledge__ Memory errors may include remembering events that never occurred, or remembering them differently from the way they actually happened.", "Memory error __knowledge__ These errors or gaps can occur due to a number of different reasons, including the emotional involvement in the situation, expectations and environmental changes.", "Memory error __knowledge__ As the retention interval between encoding and retrieval of the memory lengthens, there is an increase in both the amount that is forgotten, and the likelihood of a memory error occurring.", "Anne of Green Gables (1985 film) __knowledge__ Anne of Green Gables is a 1985 Canadian television mini-series drama film based on the novel of the same name by Canadian author Lucy Maud Montgomery, and is the first in a series of four films.", "Anne of Green Gables (1985 film) __knowledge__ The film starred Megan Follows and was produced and directed by Kevin Sullivan for the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation.", "Anne of Green Gables (1985 film) __knowledge__ It was released theatrically in Iran, Israel, Europe, and Japan.", "Anne of Green Gables (1985 film) __knowledge__ The film aired on CBC Television as a two-part miniseries on December 1, 1985.", "Anne of Green Gables (1985 film) __knowledge__ Both parts of the film were among the highest-rated programs of any genre ever to air on a Canadian television network.", "Anne of Green Gables (1985 film) __knowledge__ On February 17, 1986, the film aired on PBS in the United States on the series \"WonderWorks\".", "John Edwards (producer) __knowledge__ (Robert) John Edwards (born 4 March 1953) is a prolific Australian television drama producer.", "John Edwards (producer) __knowledge__ His series credits include \"Party Tricks\", \"Puberty Blues\", \"Offspring\", \"Rush\" (Network Ten), \"Love My Way\", \"Tangle\", \"Dangerous\" (Foxtel), \"The Secret Life of Us\" (Network Ten, Channel 4 UK), \"Police Rescue\" (ABC, BBC), \"The Surgeon\" (Network Ten), \"Fireflies\" (ABC), \"Big Sky\" (Network Ten) and \"Stringer\" (ABC).", "John Edwards (producer) __knowledge__ His mini-series include \"\" (Channel Seven), \"The Beautiful Lie\" (ABC), \"Gallipoli\", \"Power Games: The Packer-Murdoch Story\", \"Howzat!", "John Edwards (producer) __knowledge__ Kerry Packer's War\" (Nine Network), \"\" (ABC), \"Marking Time\" (ABC), \"On The Beach\" (Seven Network, Showtime USA), \"Do or Die\" (Network Seven, BSkyB) and \"Cyclone Tracy\" (Nine Network).", "Megan Follows __knowledge__ Megan Elizabeth Laura Diana Follows (born March 14, 1968) is a Canadian-American actress and voice artist best known to international audiences for her roles as Anne Shirley in the 1985 Canadian television miniseries \"Anne of Green Gables\" and two of its and archive footage in \"\".", "Megan Follows __knowledge__ From 2013 to 2017, she starred as Catherine de' Medici in the television series \"Reign\".", "Megan Follows __knowledge__ Follows was born in Toronto, Ontario, the youngest of four children, in an acting family.", "Megan Follows __knowledge__ Her father was Canadian theatre actor and director Ted Follows, and her mother is Canadian actress Dawn Greenhalgh; her parents later divorced.", "Carrie Mathison __knowledge__ Carrie Anne Mathison, played by actress Claire Danes, is a fictional character and the protagonist of the American television drama/thriller series \"Homeland\" on Showtime, created by Alex Gansa and Howard Gordon.", "Carrie Mathison __knowledge__ Carrie is a CIA officer who, while on assignment in Iraq, learned from a CIA asset that an American prisoner of war had been turned by al-Qaeda.", "Carrie Mathison __knowledge__ After a U.S. Marine sergeant named Nicholas Brody is rescued from captivity, Mathison believes that he is the POW described to her.", "Carrie Mathison __knowledge__ Carrie's investigation of Brody is complicated by her bipolar disorder and results in an obsession with her suspect.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "List of accolades received by Netflix __knowledge__ Netflix is an American on-demand internet streaming media provider.", "List of accolades received by Netflix __knowledge__ The company founded by Reed Hastings and Marc Randolph on August 29, 1997, in Scotts Valley, California.", "List of accolades received by Netflix __knowledge__ It specializes in and provides streaming media and video-on-demand online and DVD by mail.", "List of accolades received by Netflix __knowledge__ In 2013, Netflix expanded into film and television production, as well as online distribution.", "List of accolades received by Netflix __knowledge__ Due to the release of original content and its reception, Netflix became a contender for major awards.", "List of accolades received by Netflix __knowledge__ On July 18, 2013, Netflix became the first streaming service to earned major nominations and eventually win a Primetime Emmy Award.", "List of accolades received by Netflix __knowledge__ Also \"House of Cards\" became the first online-only web television program to be nominated and its pilot episode, \"Chapter 1\", was the first webisode of a television series to win an Emmy.", "Juliette Barnes __knowledge__ Juliette Jolene Barnes-Barkley is a fictional character and one of the two leads in the ABC/CMT musical drama series \"Nashville\".", "Juliette Barnes __knowledge__ Juliette is portrayed by actress Hayden Panettiere since the pilot episode, which aired on October 10, 2012.", "Juliette Barnes __knowledge__ Juliette was a teenage country sensation and is now making more mature music.", "Juliette Barnes __knowledge__ She tries to take the throne, as Queen of Country music, from rival Rayna Jaymes.", "Juliette Barnes __knowledge__ Panettiere has received critical acclaim for her performance as Juliette and she has been nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress – Television Series Drama in 2013 and 2014, a Satellite Award for Best Actress – Television Series Drama in 2012 and a Critics' Choice Television Award for Best Supporting Actress in a Drama Series in 2016." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 49, 2 ]

[ "My favorite book is Anne of Green Gables.", "It is about Anne Shirley. She is an 11 year old orphan who is mistakenly sent to Matthew and Marilla Cuthbert.", "Yes it was a 1985 Canadian television mini-series drama.", "It was written for all ages." ]

[ "Anne of Green Gables", "Anne of Green Gables", "Anne of Green Gables", "Anne of Green Gables" ]

[ "Perfectionism (psychology)\nDo you consider yourself a perfectionist? Curious about views on Perfectionism.", "True. I hadn't thought of it from that standpoint. I like to do things right, but it isn't worth getting depressed over. So, I guess I am not one by the definition either.", "Yes. That is a good way to view it. It is important to not let anything destroy a person's self esteem.", "Sorry to hear that. I hope things are better now. Sounds like you have a healthy view on perfectionism. I can be a perfectionist when it comes to some things, but not in every single area of my life. Sometimes I am more laid back. Seems like I have mellowed out the older I became.", "Well, it is important to have good self esteem. We are all humans so we must be able to forgive our own failures. No one is perfect and we can all learn from our past mistakes." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Perfectionism (psychology) __knowledge__ Perfectionism, in psychology, is a personality trait characterized by a person's striving for flawlessness and setting high performance standards, accompanied by critical self-evaluations and concerns regarding others' evaluations.", "Perfectionism (psychology) __knowledge__ It is best conceptualized as a multidimensional characteristic, as psychologists agree that there are many positive and negative aspects.", "Perfectionism (psychology) __knowledge__ In its maladaptive form, perfectionism drives people to attempt to achieve an unattainable ideal, while their adaptive perfectionism can sometimes motivate them to reach their goals.", "Perfectionism (psychology) __knowledge__ In the end, they derive pleasure from doing so.", "Perfectionism (psychology) __knowledge__ When perfectionists do not reach their goals, they often fall into depression.", "Perfectionism (psychology) __knowledge__ Perfectionists strain compulsively and unceasingly toward unobtainable goals, and measure their self-worth by productivity and accomplishment.", "Perfectionism (psychology) __knowledge__ Pressuring oneself to achieve unrealistic goals inevitably sets the person up for disappointment.", "Perfectionism (psychology) __knowledge__ Perfectionists tend to be harsh critics of themselves when they fail to meet their standards.", "Perfectionism (psychology) __knowledge__ D. E. Hamachek in 1978 argued for two contrasting types of perfectionism, classifying people as tending towards normal perfectionism or neurotic perfectionism.", "Perfectionism (psychology) __knowledge__ Normal perfectionists are more inclined to pursue perfection without compromising their self-esteem, and derive pleasure from their efforts.", "Perfectionist (album) __knowledge__ Perfectionist is the debut studio album by English singer Teddy Sinclair under the name Natalia Kills.", "Perfectionist (album) __knowledge__ It was released on 1 April 2011 through will.i.am Music Group, Cherrytree Records, KonLive and Interscope.", "Perfectionist (album) __knowledge__ Despite having started out as an actress, Sinclair later became a rap artist and released a single in 2005; however, her label went bankrupt.", "Perfectionist (album) __knowledge__ Songwriting remained her principal activity until 2008, when she was signed by will.i.am and started recording the album.", "Perfectionist (album) __knowledge__ Sinclair worked with musicians including Fernando Garibay, Jeff Bhasker, and Martin Kierszenbaum, and created a concept album based on perfectionism.", "Robert Brinsmead __knowledge__ Robert Daniel \"Bob\" Brinsmead (born 9 August 1933, in Victoria, Australia) is a formerly controversial figure within the Seventh-day Adventist Church in the 1960s and 1970s who is known for his diverse theological journey.", "Robert Brinsmead __knowledge__ During the 1960s Brinsmead advocated a form of perfectionism which he described as the \"[Sanctuary] Awakening\" message, which emphasised a view of Last Generation Theology similar to that of the conservative wing known as \"historic Adventism\".", "Robert Brinsmead __knowledge__ During the 1970s after examining the controversies of the Protestant Reformation and the writings of Adventist church co-founder and author Ellen G. White, he abandoned this position and went back to the 16th-century Protestant principle of justification by faith alone.", "Perfectionism (philosophy) __knowledge__ In ethics and value theory, perfectionism is the persistence of will in obtaining the optimal quality of spiritual, mental, physical, and material being.", "Perfectionism (philosophy) __knowledge__ The neo-Aristotelean Thomas Hurka describes perfectionism as follows: This moral theory starts from an account of the good life, or the intrinsically desirable life.", "Perfectionism (philosophy) __knowledge__ And it characterizes this life in a distinctive way.", "Perfectionism (philosophy) __knowledge__ Certain properties, it says, constitute human nature or are definitive of humanity—they make humans human.", "Perfectionism (philosophy) __knowledge__ The good life, it then says, develops these properties to a high degree or realizes what is central to human nature.", "Perfectionism (philosophy) __knowledge__ Different versions of the theory may disagree about what the relevant properties are and so disagree about the content of the good life.", "Obsessive–compulsive personality disorder __knowledge__ Obsessive–compulsive personality disorder (OCPD) is a personality disorder characterized by a general pattern of concern with orderliness, perfectionism, excessive attention to details, mental and interpersonal control, and a need for control over one's environment, at the expense of flexibility, openness to experience, and efficiency.", "Obsessive–compulsive personality disorder __knowledge__ Workaholism and miserliness are also seen often in those with this personality disorder.", "Obsessive–compulsive personality disorder __knowledge__ Persons affected with this disorder may find it hard to relax, always feeling that time is running out for their activities, and that more effort is needed to achieve their goals.", "Intellectual giftedness __knowledge__ Intellectual giftedness is an intellectual ability significantly higher than average.", "Intellectual giftedness __knowledge__ It is a characteristic of children, variously defined, that motivates differences in school programming.", "Intellectual giftedness __knowledge__ It is thought to persist as a trait into adult life, with various consequences studied in longitudinal studies of giftedness over the last century.", "Intellectual giftedness __knowledge__ There is no generally agreed definition of giftedness for either children or adults, but most school placement decisions and most longitudinal studies over the course of individual lives have followed people with IQs in the top two percent of the population – that is, IQs above 130.", "Procrastination __knowledge__ Procrastination (from Latin's \"procrastinare\", that translates in to: the prefix pro-, 'forward', and the suffix -crastinus, 'till next day' from cras, 'tomorrow') is the avoidance of doing a task that needs to be accomplished.", "Procrastination __knowledge__ Sometimes, procrastination takes place until the \"last minute\" before a deadline.", "Procrastination __knowledge__ Procrastination can take hold on any aspect of life—putting off cleaning the stove, repairing a leaky roof, seeing a doctor or dentist, submitting a job report or academic assignment or breaching a stressful issue with a partner.", "Procrastination __knowledge__ Procrastination can lead to feelings of guilt, inadequacy, depression, and self-doubt." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Perfectionism (psychology) __knowledge__ Perfectionism, in psychology, is a personality trait characterized by a person's striving for flawlessness and setting high performance standards, accompanied by critical self-evaluations and concerns regarding others' evaluations.", "Perfectionism (psychology) __knowledge__ It is best conceptualized as a multidimensional characteristic, as psychologists agree that there are many positive and negative aspects.", "Perfectionism (psychology) __knowledge__ In its maladaptive form, perfectionism drives people to attempt to achieve an unattainable ideal, while their adaptive perfectionism can sometimes motivate them to reach their goals.", "Perfectionism (psychology) __knowledge__ In the end, they derive pleasure from doing so.", "Perfectionism (psychology) __knowledge__ When perfectionists do not reach their goals, they often fall into depression.", "Perfectionism (psychology) __knowledge__ Perfectionists strain compulsively and unceasingly toward unobtainable goals, and measure their self-worth by productivity and accomplishment.", "Perfectionism (psychology) __knowledge__ Pressuring oneself to achieve unrealistic goals inevitably sets the person up for disappointment.", "Perfectionism (psychology) __knowledge__ Perfectionists tend to be harsh critics of themselves when they fail to meet their standards.", "Perfectionism (psychology) __knowledge__ D. E. Hamachek in 1978 argued for two contrasting types of perfectionism, classifying people as tending towards normal perfectionism or neurotic perfectionism.", "Perfectionism (psychology) __knowledge__ Normal perfectionists are more inclined to pursue perfection without compromising their self-esteem, and derive pleasure from their efforts.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The following is a list of recurring games, sketches, and other comedy routines from the NBC late night talk show \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\", and its predecessor, \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The sketches feature host Jimmy Fallon, house band The Roots, announcer/sidekick Steve Higgins, the show's writers, celebrity guests, and audience members.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Most of the skits below appeared only on \"Late Night\", while some have carried over to the \"Tonight Show\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Every Tuesday on the show, Jimmy weighs the pros and cons of a topic that's currently in the news, with the pros being the setups and the cons being the punchlines.", "Science of Logic __knowledge__ Science of Logic (SL; , WL), first published between 1812 and 1816, is the work in which Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel outlined his vision of logic.", "Science of Logic __knowledge__ Hegel's logic is a system of \"dialectics\", i.e., a dialectical metaphysics: It is a development of the principle that thought and being constitute a single and active unity.", "Science of Logic __knowledge__ \"Science of Logic\" also incorporates the traditional Aristotelian syllogism: It is conceived as a phase of the “original unity of thought and being” rather than as a detached, formal instrument of inference.", "Science of Logic __knowledge__ For Hegel, the most important achievement of German idealism, starting with Immanuel Kant and culminating in his own philosophy, was the argument that reality (\"being\") is shaped through and through by thought and is, in a strong sense, identical to thought.", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ \"Desperate Housewives\" is an American comedy-drama series that aired on ABC (American Broadcasting Company).", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ It focuses on the residents living on the fictional Wisteria Lane as narrated by their deceased neighbor, Mary Alice Young (Brenda Strong).", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ Specifically, the series follows four protagonists and Mary Alice's friends, Susan Mayer (Teri Hatcher), Lynette Scavo (Felicity Huffman), Bree Van de Kamp (Marcia Cross), and Gabrielle Solis (Eva Longoria).", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ \"Desperate Housewives\" features an ensemble cast, which also includes the women's husbands, children, love interests, neighbors, and other acquaintances.", "Charles Sanders Peirce __knowledge__ Charles Sanders Peirce (, like \"purse\"; September 10, 1839 – April 19, 1914) was an American philosopher, logician, mathematician, and scientist who is sometimes known as \"the father of pragmatism\".", "Charles Sanders Peirce __knowledge__ He was educated as a chemist and employed as a scientist for 30 years.", "Charles Sanders Peirce __knowledge__ Today he is appreciated largely for his contributions to logic, mathematics, philosophy, scientific methodology, and semiotics, and for his founding of pragmatism.", "Charles Sanders Peirce __knowledge__ An innovator in mathematics, statistics, philosophy, research methodology, and various sciences, Peirce considered himself, first and foremost, a logician.", "Charles Sanders Peirce __knowledge__ He made major contributions to logic, but logic for him encompassed much of that which is now called epistemology and philosophy of science.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Well-being is a much-studied topic in psychology, especially positive psychology.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Related concepts are eudaimonia, happiness, flourishing, quality of life, contentment, and meaningful life.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Central theories are Diener's tripartite model of subjective well-being, Ryff's Six-factor Model of Psychological Well-being, Corey Keyes' work on flourishing, and Seligmann's contributions to positive psychology and his theories on \"authentic happiness\" and P.E.R.M.A.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Positive psychology is concerned with eudaimonia, \"the good life\" or flourishing, living according to what holds the greatest value in life – the factors that contribute the most to a well-lived and fulfilling life.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The Nicomachean Ethics (; Greek: Ἠθικὰ Νικομάχεια) is the name normally given to Aristotle's best-known work on ethics.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The work, which plays a pre-eminent role in defining Aristotelian ethics, consists of ten books, originally separate scrolls, and is understood to be based on notes from his lectures at the Lyceum.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The title is often assumed to refer to his son Nicomachus, to whom the work was dedicated or who may have edited it (although his young age makes this less likely).", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ Alternatively, the work may have been dedicated to his father, who was also called Nicomachus.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The theme of the work is a Socratic question previously explored in the works of Plato, Aristotle's friend and teacher, of how men should best live.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The 2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team (variously \"Alabama\", \"UA\", \"Bama\" or \"The Tide\") represented the University of Alabama in the 2011 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ It was the Crimson Tide's 117th overall and 78th season as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) and its 20th within the SEC Western Division.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The team was led by head coach Nick Saban, in his fifth year, and played their home games at Bryant–Denny Stadium in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ They finished the season with a record of twelve wins and one loss (12–1 overall, 7–1 in the SEC) and as consensus national champions.", "Perfectionist (album) __knowledge__ Perfectionist is the debut studio album by English singer Teddy Sinclair under the name Natalia Kills.", "Perfectionist (album) __knowledge__ It was released on 1 April 2011 through will.i.am Music Group, Cherrytree Records, KonLive and Interscope.", "Perfectionist (album) __knowledge__ Despite having started out as an actress, Sinclair later became a rap artist and released a single in 2005; however, her label went bankrupt.", "Perfectionist (album) __knowledge__ Songwriting remained her principal activity until 2008, when she was signed by will.i.am and started recording the album.", "Perfectionist (album) __knowledge__ Sinclair worked with musicians including Fernando Garibay, Jeff Bhasker, and Martin Kierszenbaum, and created a concept album based on perfectionism.", "DONT __knowledge__ In the card game contract bridge, DONT is a conventional overcall used to interfere with an opponent's one notrump (1NT) opening bid.", "DONT __knowledge__ DONT, an acronym for Disturb Opponents' Notrump, was designed by Marty Bergen, and is therefore also referred to as \"Bergen over Notrump\".", "DONT __knowledge__ Although the method is often criticized for being too nebulous, it remains fairly popular.", "DONT __knowledge__ The convention was first published in the September/October 1989 issue of \"Bridge Today\".", "DONT __knowledge__ In DONT, the two-level overcalls of trump show a two suiter of the suit bid and an unspecified higher-ranking suit.", "DONT __knowledge__ The feature distinguishing DONT from other similar conventions such as Cappelletti is the use of the double to show length in one suit, rather than hand strength or for .", "South African labour law __knowledge__ South African labour law regulates the relationship between employers, employees and trade unions in the Republic of South Africa.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ The Native Labour Regulations Act 1911 prohibited strikes by trade unions, introduced wage ceilings and a pass system for moving around jobs.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Over 70,000 Chinese labourers were brought in, and used by landowners to undercut the wages of other workers.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Among white workers, there was significant unrest, and major strikes took place in 1907, 1913, 1914 and 1922 For a period of sixteen years, from 1979 to 1995, several critical developments occurred in the field of labour law in South Africa, beginning with a radical change in the first of these years, when a significant Commission of Enquiry was held, resulting in the establishment of an Industrial Court, which was given extensive powers to mould, change, shape and develop the law.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ College admissions in the United States refers to the process of applying for entrance to institutions of higher education for undergraduate study at one of the nation's 2,675 schools.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ Generally, the college search begins in the student's eleventh grade of high school with most activity taking place during the twelfth grade, although students at top high schools often begin the process during their tenth grade or earlier.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ In addition, there are considerable numbers of students who transfer from one college to another, as well as adults older than high school age who apply to college.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ Millions of high school students apply to college each year." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Perfectionism (psychology) __knowledge__ Perfectionism, in psychology, is a personality trait characterized by a person's striving for flawlessness and setting high performance standards, accompanied by critical self-evaluations and concerns regarding others' evaluations.", "Perfectionism (psychology) __knowledge__ It is best conceptualized as a multidimensional characteristic, as psychologists agree that there are many positive and negative aspects.", "Perfectionism (psychology) __knowledge__ In its maladaptive form, perfectionism drives people to attempt to achieve an unattainable ideal, while their adaptive perfectionism can sometimes motivate them to reach their goals.", "Perfectionism (psychology) __knowledge__ In the end, they derive pleasure from doing so.", "Perfectionism (psychology) __knowledge__ When perfectionists do not reach their goals, they often fall into depression.", "Perfectionism (psychology) __knowledge__ Perfectionists strain compulsively and unceasingly toward unobtainable goals, and measure their self-worth by productivity and accomplishment.", "Perfectionism (psychology) __knowledge__ Pressuring oneself to achieve unrealistic goals inevitably sets the person up for disappointment.", "Perfectionism (psychology) __knowledge__ Perfectionists tend to be harsh critics of themselves when they fail to meet their standards.", "Perfectionism (psychology) __knowledge__ D. E. Hamachek in 1978 argued for two contrasting types of perfectionism, classifying people as tending towards normal perfectionism or neurotic perfectionism.", "Perfectionism (psychology) __knowledge__ Normal perfectionists are more inclined to pursue perfection without compromising their self-esteem, and derive pleasure from their efforts.", "Smash (The Offspring album) __knowledge__ Smash is the third studio album by American punk rock band The Offspring.", "Smash (The Offspring album) __knowledge__ After touring in support of their previous album, \"Ignition\" (1992), The Offspring began recording \"Smash\" in January 1994 at Track Record in North Hollywood, California.", "Smash (The Offspring album) __knowledge__ Recording and production were finished a month later, and the album was released on April 8, 1994 on Epitaph Records.", "Smash (The Offspring album) __knowledge__ In the United States, \"Smash\" has sold over six million copies and has been certified 6× Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).", "Smash (The Offspring album) __knowledge__ Peaking at number four on the US \"Billboard\" 200, it has sold over 11 million copies worldwide, making it the best-selling independent label album of all time.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ \"Regular Show\" is an American animated series created by J. G. Quintel.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ The series contains many characters, with seven main characters and various recurring and one-time characters.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai (voiced by J. G. Quintel) is a 5'10\" anthropomorphic blue jay (6' including the crest) who works as a groundskeeper at The Park.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ He has been best friends with Rigby ever since childhood, and together they are very lazy and constantly slack off at their jobs there.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai is more conscientious, mature, and moral about his actions than Rigby is, which sometimes leads to his opposing Rigby when he is the cause of some kind of chaotic problem.", "Self-esteem functions __knowledge__ Self-esteem can be defined as how favorably individuals evaluate themselves.", "Self-esteem functions __knowledge__ According to Leary, self-esteem is the relationship between one’s real self and one’s ideal self, feeding off of favorable behaviors.", "Self-esteem functions __knowledge__ It refers to an individual's sense of his or her value or worth, or the extent to which a person values, approves of, appreciates, prizes, or likes him or herself.", "Self-esteem functions __knowledge__ Self-esteem is generally considered the evaluative component of the self-concept, a broader representation of the self that includes cognitive and behavioral aspects as well as evaluative or affective ones.", "Self-esteem functions __knowledge__ There are several different proposals as to the functions of self-esteem.", "Self-esteem __knowledge__ The identification of self-esteem as a distinct psychological construct is thought to have its origins in the work of philosopher and psychologist, William James (1892).", "Self-esteem __knowledge__ James identified multiple dimensions of the self, with two levels of hierarchy: processes of knowing (called the 'I-self') and the resulting knowledge about the self (the 'Me-self').", "Self-esteem __knowledge__ Observation about the self and storage of those observations by the I-self create three types of knowledge, which collectively account for the Me-self, according to James.", "Self-esteem __knowledge__ These are the material self, social self, and spiritual self.", "Self-esteem __knowledge__ The social self comes closest to self-esteem, comprising all characteristics recognized by others.", "Re'eh __knowledge__ Re'eh, Reeh, R'eih, or Ree ( — Hebrew for \"see\", the first word in the parashah) is the 47th weekly Torah portion (, \"parashah\") in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the fourth in the Book of Deuteronomy.", "Re'eh __knowledge__ It constitutes In the parashah, Moses set before the Israelites the choice between blessing and curse.", "Re'eh __knowledge__ Moses instructed the Israelites in the laws that they were to observe, including the law of a single centralized place of worship.", "Re'eh __knowledge__ Moses warned against following other gods and their prophets and set forth the laws of kashrut, tithes, the Sabbatical year, the Hebrew slave, firstborn animals, and the three pilgrim festivals.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ A Treatise of Human Nature (1738–40) is a book by Scottish philosopher David Hume, considered by many to be Hume's most important work and one of the most influential works in the history of philosophy.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ The \"Treatise\" is a classic statement of philosophical empiricism, skepticism, and naturalism.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ In the introduction Hume presents the idea of placing all science and philosophy on a novel foundation: namely, an empirical investigation into human nature.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ Impressed by Isaac Newton's achievements in the physical sciences, Hume sought to introduce the same experimental method of reasoning into the study of human psychology, with the aim of discovering the \"extent and force of human understanding\".", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ Self-disclosure is a process of communication by which one person reveals information about himself or herself to another.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ The information can be descriptive or evaluative, and can include thoughts, feelings, aspirations, goals, failures, successes, fears, and dreams, as well as one's likes, dislikes, and favorites.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ Social penetration theory posits that there are two dimensions to self-disclosure: breadth and depth.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ Both are crucial in developing a fully intimate relationship.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ The range of topics discussed by two individuals is the breadth of disclosure.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ The degree to which the information revealed is private or personal is the depth of that disclosure.", "Perfection __knowledge__ Perfection is, broadly, a state of completeness and flawlessness.", "Perfection __knowledge__ The term \"perfection\" is used to designate a range of diverse, if often kindred, concepts.", "Perfection __knowledge__ These concepts have historically been addressed in a number of discrete disciplines, notably mathematics, physics, chemistry, ethics, aesthetics, ontology, and theology.", "Perfection __knowledge__ The form of the word long fluctuated in various languages.", "Perfection __knowledge__ The English language had the alternates, \"perfection\" and the Biblical \"perfectness.\"", "Perfection __knowledge__ The word \"perfection\" derives from the Latin \"\"perfectio\"\", and \"perfect\" — from \"\"perfectus\".\"", "Perfection __knowledge__ These expressions in turn come from \"\"perficio\"\" — \"to finish\", \"to bring to an end.\"", "Ascetical theology __knowledge__ Ascetical theology is the organized study or presentation of spiritual teachings found in Christian Scripture and the Church Fathers that help the faithful to more perfectly follow Christ and attain to \"Christian perfection\".", "Ascetical theology __knowledge__ The word \"ascetic\" is from the Greek word ἄσκησις \"askesis\", meaning \"practice\".", "Ascetical theology __knowledge__ The English term \"ascesis\" means \"the practice of self-discipline\".", "Ascetical theology __knowledge__ Christian asceticism is commonly thought to imply self-denial for a spiritual purpose.", "Ascetical theology __knowledge__ The term \"ascetical theology\" is used primarily in Roman Catholic theology; Eastern Orthodox theology carries its own distinct terms and definitions (see below), and other religious traditions conceive of following and conforming to God and Christ differently from either Orthodoxy or Catholicism.", "John L. McKenzie __knowledge__ John Lawrence McKenzie (October 9, 1910 – March 2, 1991) was born on October 9, 1910, in Brazil, Indiana, the first of the six children of Myra (Daly) and Harry McKenzie.", "John L. McKenzie __knowledge__ John McKenzie became the premier Catholic Biblical scholar of the mid-twentieth century; indeed, John Courtney Murray, SJ, wrote that John McKenzie was \"the best Catholic theologian he knew of in the United States.\"", "John L. McKenzie __knowledge__ John McKenzie was interested in the Jesuits from an early age.", "John L. McKenzie __knowledge__ At some significant sacrifice to his family, he was enrolled in a Jesuit boarding high school in St. Mary’s, Kansas, where he came first in his class three out of his four years there.", "Christian perfection __knowledge__ Christian perfection is the name given to various teachings within Christianity that describe the process of achieving spiritual maturity or perfection.", "Christian perfection __knowledge__ The ultimate goal of this process is union with God characterized by pure love of God and other people as well as personal holiness or sanctification.", "Christian perfection __knowledge__ Various terms have been used to describe the concept, such as \"Christian holiness\", \"entire sanctification\", \"perfect love\", the \"baptism with the Holy Spirit\", and the \"second blessing\".", "Christian perfection __knowledge__ Certain traditions and denominations teach the possibility of Christian perfection, including the Catholic Church, where it is closely associated with consecrated life.", "Last Generation Theology __knowledge__ Last Generation Theology (LGT) or \"final generation\" theology is a belief system of overcoming sin held by some members of the Seventh-day Adventist Church, which claims that perfection will be achieved by sanctified people in the last generation before the Second Coming of Jesus, much like the 144,000 described in the Book of Revelation of the New Testament.", "Last Generation Theology __knowledge__ In Seventh-day Adventist theology, there will be an end-time remnant of believers who are faithful to God, which will be manifest shortly prior to the second coming of Jesus.", "Last Generation Theology __knowledge__ Some claim it is related to \"historic Adventism\", but as one supporter claims, it differs in that it forms an extension or development of \"historic\" or mainstream Adventist beliefs, or takes them to their logical conclusion.", "John Wesley __knowledge__ John Wesley ( or ; 2 March 1791) was an English cleric and theologian who, with his brother Charles and fellow cleric George Whitefield, founded Methodism.", "John Wesley __knowledge__ Educated at Charterhouse School and Christ Church, Oxford, Wesley was elected a fellow of Lincoln College, Oxford in 1726 and ordained as an Anglican priest two years later.", "John Wesley __knowledge__ He led the \"Holy Club\", a society formed for the purpose of study and the pursuit of a devout Christian life; it had been founded by his brother Charles, and counted George Whitefield among its members.", "John Wesley __knowledge__ After an unsuccessful ministry of two years at Savannah in the Georgia Colony, Wesley returned to London and joined a religious society led by Moravian Christians." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Perfectionism (psychology) __knowledge__ Perfectionism, in psychology, is a personality trait characterized by a person's striving for flawlessness and setting high performance standards, accompanied by critical self-evaluations and concerns regarding others' evaluations.", "Perfectionism (psychology) __knowledge__ It is best conceptualized as a multidimensional characteristic, as psychologists agree that there are many positive and negative aspects.", "Perfectionism (psychology) __knowledge__ In its maladaptive form, perfectionism drives people to attempt to achieve an unattainable ideal, while their adaptive perfectionism can sometimes motivate them to reach their goals.", "Perfectionism (psychology) __knowledge__ In the end, they derive pleasure from doing so.", "Perfectionism (psychology) __knowledge__ When perfectionists do not reach their goals, they often fall into depression.", "Perfectionism (psychology) __knowledge__ Perfectionists strain compulsively and unceasingly toward unobtainable goals, and measure their self-worth by productivity and accomplishment.", "Perfectionism (psychology) __knowledge__ Pressuring oneself to achieve unrealistic goals inevitably sets the person up for disappointment.", "Perfectionism (psychology) __knowledge__ Perfectionists tend to be harsh critics of themselves when they fail to meet their standards.", "Perfectionism (psychology) __knowledge__ D. E. Hamachek in 1978 argued for two contrasting types of perfectionism, classifying people as tending towards normal perfectionism or neurotic perfectionism.", "Perfectionism (psychology) __knowledge__ Normal perfectionists are more inclined to pursue perfection without compromising their self-esteem, and derive pleasure from their efforts.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The Spirit of the Age (full title \"The Spirit of the Age: Or, Contemporary Portraits\") is a collection of character sketches by the early 19th century English essayist, literary critic, and social commentator William Hazlitt, portraying 25 men, mostly British, whom he believed to represent significant trends in the thought, literature, and politics of his time.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The subjects include thinkers, social reformers, politicians, poets, essayists, and novelists, many of whom Hazlitt was personally acquainted with or had encountered.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ Originally appearing in English periodicals, mostly \"The New Monthly Magazine\" in 1824, the essays were collected with several others written for the purpose and published in book form in 1825.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the DreamWorks animated film media franchise \"Kung Fu Panda\", with their shorts and specials \"Secrets of the Furious Five\", \"Kung Fu Panda Holiday\", \"\", and \"\", as well as the video games and TV show \"\".", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The world of \"Kung Fu Panda\" is a fantasized version of ancient China as typically depicted in the wuxia film genre populated by anthropomorphized Asian animals where the martial arts can have magical qualities on top of extraordinary physical prowess for those sufficiently skilled.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ Master Po Ping (Chinese for \"Precious Peace\"), born Lotus Shan, is the titular protagonist of the \"Kung Fu Panda\" franchise.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Downton Abbey, a British period drama television series created by Julian Fellowes and co-produced by Carnival Films and Masterpiece for ITV and PBS, respectively.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Robert Crawley, The 7th Earl of Grantham (also known as Lord Grantham) (played by Hugh Bonneville) was born in 1866 at Downton Abbey.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ His parents are the late 6th Earl of Grantham and the Dowager Countess of Grantham, Violet Crawley.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ He has a sister named Rosamund.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Despite the family's financial situation, Robert's education was privileged and he was tutored from ages 7 to 13, before attending Eton and then Christ Church, Oxford, where he studied philosophy.", "Liberal paradox __knowledge__ The liberal paradox, also Sen paradox or Sen's paradox, is a logical paradox discovered by Amartya Sen which purports to show that no social system can simultaneously This paradox is contentious because it appears to contradict the classical liberal claim that markets are both Pareto efficient and respect individual freedoms.", "Liberal paradox __knowledge__ The paradox is similar in many respects to Arrow's impossibility theorem and uses similar mathematical techniques.", "Liberal paradox __knowledge__ A particular distribution of goods or outcome of any social process is regarded as \"Pareto efficient\" if there is no way to improve one or more people's situations without harming another.", "The Evolution of Cooperation __knowledge__ The evolution of cooperation can refer to: This article is an introduction to how game theory and computer modeling are illuminating certain aspects of moral and political philosophy, particularly the role of individuals in groups, the \"biology of selfishness and altruism\", and how cooperation can be evolutionarily advantageous.", "The Evolution of Cooperation __knowledge__ The idea that human behavior can be usefully analyzed mathematically gained great credibility following the application of operations research in World War II to improve military operations.", "The Evolution of Cooperation __knowledge__ One famous example involved how the Royal Air Force hunted submarines in the Bay of Biscay.", "Ahimsa __knowledge__ Ahimsa (IAST: ', Pāli: ') means 'not to injure' and 'compassion' and refers to a key virtue in Indian religions.", "Ahimsa __knowledge__ The word is derived from the Sanskrit root \"hiṃs\" – to strike; \"hiṃsā\" is injury or harm, \"a-hiṃsā\" is the opposite of this, i.e.", "Ahimsa __knowledge__ cause no injury, do no harm.", "Ahimsa __knowledge__ Ahimsa is also referred to as nonviolence, and it applies to all living beings—including all animals—in ancient Indian religions.", "Ahimsa __knowledge__ Ahimsa is one of the cardinal virtues and an important tenet of Jainism, Hinduism, and Buddhism.", "Ahimsa __knowledge__ Ahimsa is a multidimensional concept, inspired by the premise that all living beings have the spark of the divine spiritual energy; therefore, to hurt another being is to hurt oneself.", "Self-harm __knowledge__ Self-harm (SH), also known as self-injury, is defined as the intentional, direct injuring of body tissue, done without suicidal intentions.", "Self-harm __knowledge__ These terms are used in the more recent literature in an attempt to reach a more neutral terminology.", "Self-harm __knowledge__ The older literature, especially that which predates the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), almost exclusively refers to self-mutilation.", "Self-harm __knowledge__ The most common form of self-harm is using a sharp object to cut one's skin, but self-harm also covers a wide range of behaviours including burning, scratching, banging or hitting body parts, interfering with wound healing (dermatillomania), hair-pulling (trichotillomania) and the ingestion of toxic substances or objects.", "Nonviolence __knowledge__ Nonviolence is the personal practice of being harmless to self and others under every condition.", "Nonviolence __knowledge__ It comes from the belief that hurting people, animals or the environment is unnecessary to achieve an outcome and refers to a general philosophy of abstention from violence.", "Nonviolence __knowledge__ This may be based on moral, religious or spiritual principles, or it may be for purely strategic or pragmatic reasons.", "Nonviolence __knowledge__ Nonviolence also has 'active' or 'activist' elements, in that believers accept the need for nonviolence as a means to achieve political and social change.", "Nonviolence __knowledge__ Thus, for example, the Tolstoy and Gandhian non violence is a philosophy and strategy for social change that rejects the use of violence, but at the same time sees nonviolent action (also called civil resistance) as an alternative to passive acceptance of oppression or armed struggle against it.", "List of Gakuen Alice characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the anime and manga series, \"Gakuen Alice\".", "List of Gakuen Alice characters __knowledge__ Names are displayed in Western order (given name before surname).", "List of Gakuen Alice characters __knowledge__ Mikan is the female protagonist of the story and a 10-year-old girl, especially characterised by being optimistic, childlike, cheerful and energetic.", "List of Gakuen Alice characters __knowledge__ She previously lived in the countryside with her grandfather and best friend Hotaru, until Hotaru moved away when going to study at Alice Academy, prompting Mikan to follow her friend.", "List of Gakuen Alice characters __knowledge__ An accidental encounter with teacher Narumi causes her to be enrolled into the school along with Hotaru, much to her pleasure.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ This list comprises the items featured in the American fantasy-drama television series \"Once Upon a Time\" and its spin-off \"Once Upon a Time in Wonderland\".", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ The Aging Dust is causes the victim to age.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ The amount of aging depends on the amount of dust used.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ Emma put some in the onion rings she gave Zelena, to accelerate her pregnancy.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ She wanted baby Robin out of the way so she could put the Darkness into Zelena and then kill her with Excalibur.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ Mr. Gold owns some as well as he used it to temporarily age a fairy that he and the Evil Queen chased and captured into an old woman.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ Regina was mentioned to have found a way to restore the fairy back to her rightful age." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Perfectionism (psychology) __knowledge__ Perfectionism, in psychology, is a personality trait characterized by a person's striving for flawlessness and setting high performance standards, accompanied by critical self-evaluations and concerns regarding others' evaluations.", "Perfectionism (psychology) __knowledge__ It is best conceptualized as a multidimensional characteristic, as psychologists agree that there are many positive and negative aspects.", "Perfectionism (psychology) __knowledge__ In its maladaptive form, perfectionism drives people to attempt to achieve an unattainable ideal, while their adaptive perfectionism can sometimes motivate them to reach their goals.", "Perfectionism (psychology) __knowledge__ In the end, they derive pleasure from doing so.", "Perfectionism (psychology) __knowledge__ When perfectionists do not reach their goals, they often fall into depression.", "Perfectionism (psychology) __knowledge__ Perfectionists strain compulsively and unceasingly toward unobtainable goals, and measure their self-worth by productivity and accomplishment.", "Perfectionism (psychology) __knowledge__ Pressuring oneself to achieve unrealistic goals inevitably sets the person up for disappointment.", "Perfectionism (psychology) __knowledge__ Perfectionists tend to be harsh critics of themselves when they fail to meet their standards.", "Perfectionism (psychology) __knowledge__ D. E. Hamachek in 1978 argued for two contrasting types of perfectionism, classifying people as tending towards normal perfectionism or neurotic perfectionism.", "Perfectionism (psychology) __knowledge__ Normal perfectionists are more inclined to pursue perfection without compromising their self-esteem, and derive pleasure from their efforts.", "Forgiveness __knowledge__ Forgiveness is the intentional and voluntary process by which a victim undergoes a change in feelings and attitude regarding an offense, lets go of negative emotions such as vengefulness, with an increased ability to wish the offender well.", "Forgiveness __knowledge__ Forgiveness is different from condoning (failing to see the action as wrong and in need of forgiveness), excusing (not holding the offender as responsible for the action), forgetting (removing awareness of the offense from consciousness), pardoning (granted for an acknowledged offense by a representative of society, such as a judge), and reconciliation (restoration of a relationship).", "List of Kamen Rider Gaim characters __knowledge__ is one of many dance teams in Zawame, identified by their Happi-themed modern outfits and logo.", "List of Kamen Rider Gaim characters __knowledge__ is an earnest and cheerful young adult who is naïve, wanting to help others but ends up sometimes causing trouble than good due to his short-sightedness.", "List of Kamen Rider Gaim characters __knowledge__ He is originally the second-in-command of Team Gaim before eventually quitting the team to take odd jobs to help out his older sister Akira since their parents have died.", "List of Kamen Rider Gaim characters __knowledge__ But things change when Kouta is called by Team Gaim's leader Yuya Sumii, who wants to show him something to help their team out.", "List of Kamen Rider Gaim characters __knowledge__ This leads Kouta to search for Yuya in what he later learns to be Helheim Forest, finding a that his friend bought from the mysterious Lockseed Dealer Sid and an Inves that he managed to destroy.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Well-being is a much-studied topic in psychology, especially positive psychology.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Related concepts are eudaimonia, happiness, flourishing, quality of life, contentment, and meaningful life.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Central theories are Diener's tripartite model of subjective well-being, Ryff's Six-factor Model of Psychological Well-being, Corey Keyes' work on flourishing, and Seligmann's contributions to positive psychology and his theories on \"authentic happiness\" and P.E.R.M.A.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Positive psychology is concerned with eudaimonia, \"the good life\" or flourishing, living according to what holds the greatest value in life – the factors that contribute the most to a well-lived and fulfilling life.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "Smash (The Offspring album) __knowledge__ Smash is the third studio album by American punk rock band The Offspring.", "Smash (The Offspring album) __knowledge__ After touring in support of their previous album, \"Ignition\" (1992), The Offspring began recording \"Smash\" in January 1994 at Track Record in North Hollywood, California.", "Smash (The Offspring album) __knowledge__ Recording and production were finished a month later, and the album was released on April 8, 1994 on Epitaph Records.", "Smash (The Offspring album) __knowledge__ In the United States, \"Smash\" has sold over six million copies and has been certified 6× Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).", "Smash (The Offspring album) __knowledge__ Peaking at number four on the US \"Billboard\" 200, it has sold over 11 million copies worldwide, making it the best-selling independent label album of all time.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ A Treatise of Human Nature (1738–40) is a book by Scottish philosopher David Hume, considered by many to be Hume's most important work and one of the most influential works in the history of philosophy.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ The \"Treatise\" is a classic statement of philosophical empiricism, skepticism, and naturalism.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ In the introduction Hume presents the idea of placing all science and philosophy on a novel foundation: namely, an empirical investigation into human nature.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ Impressed by Isaac Newton's achievements in the physical sciences, Hume sought to introduce the same experimental method of reasoning into the study of human psychology, with the aim of discovering the \"extent and force of human understanding\".", "Self-esteem functions __knowledge__ Self-esteem can be defined as how favorably individuals evaluate themselves.", "Self-esteem functions __knowledge__ According to Leary, self-esteem is the relationship between one’s real self and one’s ideal self, feeding off of favorable behaviors.", "Self-esteem functions __knowledge__ It refers to an individual's sense of his or her value or worth, or the extent to which a person values, approves of, appreciates, prizes, or likes him or herself.", "Self-esteem functions __knowledge__ Self-esteem is generally considered the evaluative component of the self-concept, a broader representation of the self that includes cognitive and behavioral aspects as well as evaluative or affective ones.", "Self-esteem functions __knowledge__ There are several different proposals as to the functions of self-esteem.", "Self-harm __knowledge__ Self-harm (SH), also known as self-injury, is defined as the intentional, direct injuring of body tissue, done without suicidal intentions.", "Self-harm __knowledge__ These terms are used in the more recent literature in an attempt to reach a more neutral terminology.", "Self-harm __knowledge__ The older literature, especially that which predates the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), almost exclusively refers to self-mutilation.", "Self-harm __knowledge__ The most common form of self-harm is using a sharp object to cut one's skin, but self-harm also covers a wide range of behaviours including burning, scratching, banging or hitting body parts, interfering with wound healing (dermatillomania), hair-pulling (trichotillomania) and the ingestion of toxic substances or objects.", "Nonsuicidal self-injury disorder __knowledge__ Nonsuicidal self-injury disorder (NSSID) is a mental disorder that refers to the deliberate destruction of the surface of ones own body without suicidal intent.", "Nonsuicidal self-injury disorder __knowledge__ These behaviors include cutting, burning, scraping skin, hitting, and biting oneself and are primarily inflicted to cause bleeding, bruising, or pain.", "Nonsuicidal self-injury disorder __knowledge__ Individuals engage in these behaviors with no intent to end their life, but instead with the expectation that the injury will cause minor or moderate physical pain.", "Nonsuicidal self-injury disorder __knowledge__ Studies have found that compared to adults and children, the prevalence of NSSI is highest among adolescents, with an estimation of 14 to 15% in community samples, and 40% in psychiatric samples engaging in NSSI.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ South African criminal law is the body of national law relating to crime in South Africa.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ In the definition of Van der Walt \"et al\", a crime is \"conduct which common or statute law prohibits and expressly or impliedly subjects to punishment remissible by the state alone and which the offender cannot avoid by his own act once he has been convicted.\"", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ Crime involves the infliction of harm against society.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ The function or object of criminal law is to provide a social mechanism with which to coerce members of society to abstain from conduct that is harmful to the interests of society.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ In South Africa, as in most adversarial legal systems, the standard of evidence required to validate a criminal conviction is proof beyond a reasonable doubt.", "Suicide __knowledge__ Suicide is the act of intentionally causing one's own death.", "Suicide __knowledge__ Risk factors include mental disorders such as depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, personality disorders, and substance abuse, including alcoholism and use of benzodiazepines.", "Suicide __knowledge__ Other suicides are impulsive acts due to stress such as from financial difficulties, troubles with relationships, or from bullying.", "Suicide __knowledge__ Those who have previously attempted suicide are at higher risk for future attempts.", "Suicide __knowledge__ Suicide prevention efforts include limiting access to methods of suicide, such as firearms, drugs, and poisons, treating mental disorders and substance misuse, proper media reporting of suicide, and improving economic conditions.", "South African law of delict __knowledge__ The South African law of delict engages primarily with \"the circumstances in which one person can claim compensation from another for harm that has been suffered.\"", "South African law of delict __knowledge__ JC Van der Walt and Rob Midgley define a delict \"in general terms [...] as a civil wrong,\" and more narrowly as \"wrongful and blameworthy conduct which causes harm to a person.\"", "South African law of delict __knowledge__ Importantly, however, the civil wrong must be an actionable one, resulting in liability on the part of the wrongdoer or tortfeasor.", "South African law of delict __knowledge__ The delictual inquiry \"is in fact a loss-allocation exercise, the principles and rules of which are set out in the law of delict.\"", "Burn __knowledge__ A burn is a type of injury to skin, or other tissues, caused by heat, cold, electricity, chemicals, friction, or radiation.", "Burn __knowledge__ Most burns are due to heat from hot liquids, solids, or fire.", "Burn __knowledge__ While rates are similar for males and females the underlying causes often differ.", "Burn __knowledge__ Among women in some areas, risk is related to use of open cooking fires or unsafe cook stoves.", "Burn __knowledge__ Among men, risk is related to the work environments.", "Burn __knowledge__ Alcoholism and smoking are other risk factors.", "Burn __knowledge__ Burns can also occur as a result of self harm or violence between people.", "Burn __knowledge__ Burns that affect only the superficial skin layers are known as superficial or first-degree burns.", "Franz Boas __knowledge__ Franz Uri Boas (; ; July 9, 1858December 21, 1942) was a German-American anthropologist and a pioneer of modern anthropology who has been called the \"Father of American Anthropology\".", "Franz Boas __knowledge__ His work is associated with the movement of anthropological historicism.", "Franz Boas __knowledge__ Studying in Germany, Boas was awarded a doctorate in 1881 in physics while also studying geography.", "Franz Boas __knowledge__ He then participated in a geographical expedition to northern Canada, where he became fascinated with the culture and language of the Baffin Island Inuit.", "Franz Boas __knowledge__ He went on to do field work with the indigenous cultures and languages of the Pacific Northwest." ] ]

[ 5, 10, 0, 0, 18 ]

[ "Well taking into consideration that perfectionist fall into depression when they do not achieve their goals, i dont consider myself as one!", "I considered myself more of a normal perfecionist! you know more inclined to pursue perfection without compromising their self estemm!", "I had suffered of drepesion and it is not nice! so i will encouraged to be better without harming ourselfs!", "actually was self harm also known as self injury intentional injur of the body!", "Yes no one is! i want to study well being is a much studied topic in psychology, specciall in a new brach called positive psychology" ]

[ "Perfectionism (psychology)", "Perfectionism (psychology)", "Perfectionism (psychology)", "Perfectionism (psychology)", "Perfectionism (psychology)" ]

[ "Gardening\nGardening looks like fun and I enjoy fresh vegetables straight from the garden.", "What type plants do you like to grow?", "YUM! I would love to have fresh vegetables for dinner tonight!", "You have officially made me hungry and wish I had the space to start my own garden! lol", "I live in a small beach town and I am not sure how conducive the soil is here for growing plants but I am sure that gardening is very relaxing and enjoyable." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Gardening __knowledge__ Gardening is the practice of growing and cultivating plants as part of horticulture.", "Gardening __knowledge__ In gardens, ornamental plants are often grown for their flowers, foliage, or overall appearance; useful plants, such as root vegetables, leaf vegetables, fruits, and herbs, are grown for consumption, for use as dyes, or for medicinal or cosmetic use.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Gardening is considered by many people to be a relaxing activity.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Gardening ranges in scale from fruit orchards, to long boulevard plantings with one or more different types of shrubs, trees, and herbaceous plants, to residential yards including lawns and foundation plantings, to plants in large or small containers grown inside or outside.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Gardening may be very specialized, with only one type of plant grown, or involve a large number of different plants in mixed plantings.", "Gardening __knowledge__ It involves an active participation in the growing of plants, and tends to be labor-intensive, which differentiates it from farming or forestry.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Forest gardening, a forest-based food production system, is the world's oldest form of gardening.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Forest gardens originated in prehistoric times along jungle-clad river banks and in the wet foothills of monsoon regions.", "Gardening __knowledge__ In the gradual process of families improving their immediate environment, useful tree and vine species were identified, protected and improved while undesirable species were eliminated.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ Urban agriculture, urban farming, or urban gardening is the practice of cultivating, processing, and distributing food in or around a village, town, or city.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ Urban agriculture can also involve animal husbandry, aquaculture, agroforestry, urban beekeeping, and horticulture.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ These activities occur in peri-urban areas as well, and peri-urban agriculture may have different characteristics.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ Urban agriculture can reflect varying levels of economic and social development.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ In the global north, it often takes the form of a social movement for sustainable communities, where organic growers, ‘foodies,’ and ‘locavores’ form social networks founded on a shared ethos of nature and community holism.", "Freshfel Europe __knowledge__ Freshfel Europe, the European Fresh Produce Association, is the forum for the fresh fruit and vegetables supply chain in Europe and beyond and a non-profit association.", "Freshfel Europe __knowledge__ Its members and associated members are associations and companies that have an interest in the European fresh fruit and vegetable sector, including all segments of the supply chain such as production, trade, logistics and retailing.", "Freshfel Europe __knowledge__ The association was created in 2001 on the roots of 40 years of experience of EUCOFEL (European Fruit and Vegetable Trade Association) and CIMO (Confederation of Importers of Overseas Fruits and Vegetables).", "History of gardening __knowledge__ The history of ornamental gardening may be considered as aesthetic expressions of beauty through art and nature, a display of taste or style in civilized life, an expression of an individual's or culture's philosophy, and sometimes as a display of private status or national pride—in private and public landscapes.", "History of gardening __knowledge__ Forest gardening, a plant-based food pro-system, is the world's oldest form of gardening.", "History of gardening __knowledge__ Forest gardens originated in prehistoric times along jungle-clad river banks and in the wet foothills of monsoon regions.", "History of gardening __knowledge__ In the gradual process of families improving their immediate environment, useful tree and vine species were identified, protected, and improved while undesirable species were eliminated.", "Allotment (gardening) __knowledge__ An allotment garden (British English), often called simply an allotment, or a community garden (North America) is a plot of land made available for individual, non-commercial gardening or growing food plants.", "Allotment (gardening) __knowledge__ Such plots are formed by subdividing a piece of land into a few or up to several hundred land parcels that are assigned to individuals or families.", "Allotment (gardening) __knowledge__ Such parcels are cultivated individually, contrary to other community garden types where the entire area is tended collectively by a group of people.", "Allotment (gardening) __knowledge__ In countries that do not use the term \"allotment (garden)\", a community garden can refer to individual small garden plots as well as to a single, large piece of land gardened collectively by a group of people.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "Andrea Chesman __knowledge__ Andrea Chesman is the author of over twenty cookbooks and the editor of well over a hundred cookbooks and gardening books.", "Andrea Chesman __knowledge__ The original edition of her cookbook \"The Vegetarian Grill\" was a 1999 James Beard Cookbook Award nominee and recipient of a 1999 National Barbecue Association Award of Excellence.", "Andrea Chesman __knowledge__ Her recipes have also been published in \"The Best of Food & Wine\" and \"The Family Circle Good Cook’s Book\", among other anthologies.", "Andrea Chesman __knowledge__ Chesman is a contributor to magazines and newspapers, including \"Fine Cooking\", \"Food & Wine\", \"The New York Times\", \"Cooking Light\", \"Vegetarian Times\", \"Organic Gardening\", \"Natural Health\", \"New England Monthly\", \"The Burlington Free Press\", \"Rocky Mountain News, The Denver Post, Edible Green Mountains\" and many other publications." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Gardening __knowledge__ Gardening is the practice of growing and cultivating plants as part of horticulture.", "Gardening __knowledge__ In gardens, ornamental plants are often grown for their flowers, foliage, or overall appearance; useful plants, such as root vegetables, leaf vegetables, fruits, and herbs, are grown for consumption, for use as dyes, or for medicinal or cosmetic use.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Gardening is considered by many people to be a relaxing activity.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Gardening ranges in scale from fruit orchards, to long boulevard plantings with one or more different types of shrubs, trees, and herbaceous plants, to residential yards including lawns and foundation plantings, to plants in large or small containers grown inside or outside.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Gardening may be very specialized, with only one type of plant grown, or involve a large number of different plants in mixed plantings.", "Gardening __knowledge__ It involves an active participation in the growing of plants, and tends to be labor-intensive, which differentiates it from farming or forestry.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Forest gardening, a forest-based food production system, is the world's oldest form of gardening.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Forest gardens originated in prehistoric times along jungle-clad river banks and in the wet foothills of monsoon regions.", "Gardening __knowledge__ In the gradual process of families improving their immediate environment, useful tree and vine species were identified, protected and improved while undesirable species were eliminated.", "Systemin __knowledge__ Systemin is a plant peptide hormone involved in the wound response in the Solanaceae family.", "Systemin __knowledge__ It was the first plant hormone that was proven to be a peptide having been isolated from tomato leaves in 1991 by a group led by Clarence A. Ryan.", "Systemin __knowledge__ Since then other peptides, with similar functions have been identified in tomato and outside of the Solanaceae.", "Systemin __knowledge__ Hydroxyproline-rich glycopeptides were found in tobacco in 2001 and AtPEPs (Arabidopsis thaliana Plant Elicitor Peptides) were found in \"Arabidopsis thaliana\" in 2006.", "Systemin __knowledge__ Their precursors are found both in the cytoplasm and cell walls of plant cells, upon insect damage, the precursors are processed to produce one or more mature peptides.", "FLS2 __knowledge__ \"FLS\" genes have been discovered to be involved in flagellin reception of bacteria.", "FLS2 __knowledge__ FLS1 was the original gene discovered shown to correspond with a specific ecotype within \"Arabidopsis thaliana\".", "FLS2 __knowledge__ Even so, further studies have shown a second FLS gene known as FLS2 that is also associated with flagellin reception.", "FLS2 __knowledge__ \"FLS2\" and FLS1 are different genes with different responsibilities, but are related genetically.", "FLS2 __knowledge__ \"FLS2\" has a specific focus in plant defense and is involved in promoting the MAP kinase cascade.", "FLS2 __knowledge__ Mutations in the \"FLS2\" gene can cause bacterial infection by lack of response to flg22.", "FLS2 __knowledge__ Therefore,  \"FLS2\"’s primary focus is association with flg22 while its secondary focus is the involvement of promoting the MAP kinase cascade in plant defense.", "Grow light __knowledge__ A grow light or plant light is an artificial light source, generally an electric light, designed to stimulate plant growth by emitting a light appropriate for photosynthesis.", "Grow light __knowledge__ Grow lights are used in applications where there is either no naturally occurring light, or where supplemental light is required.", "Grow light __knowledge__ For example, in the winter months when the available hours of daylight may be insufficient for the desired plant growth, lights are used to extend the time the plants receive light.", "Grow light __knowledge__ If plants do not receive enough light, they will grow long and spindly.", "Grow light __knowledge__ Grow lights either attempt to provide a light spectrum similar to that of the sun, or to provide a spectrum that is more tailored to the needs of the plants being cultivated.", "Hickory Ridge Landfill __knowledge__ The Hickory Ridge Landfill is a municipal solid waste landfill located in Conley, Georgia, United States and privately owned by Republic Services.", "Hickory Ridge Landfill __knowledge__ The site was opened in 1993 and closed in 2006; it contains nearly 9,000,000 cubic yards of waste.", "Hickory Ridge Landfill __knowledge__ The Hickory Ridge Landfill was capped in October 2011 with a dual-purpose landfill closure system referred to as an Exposed Geomembrane Solar Cover (EGSC).", "Hickory Ridge Landfill __knowledge__ Developed by Carlisle Energy Services, the closure system provides renewable electricity via (photovoltaic) solar panels, The project is the second installation of an EGSC and is the world's largest installed system of its kind.", "Cannabis cultivation __knowledge__ This article presents common techniques and facts regarding the cultivation of the flowering plant \"Cannabis\", primarily for the production and consumption of cannabis flowers (\"buds\").", "Cannabis cultivation __knowledge__ Cultivation techniques for other purposes (such as hemp production) differ.", "Cannabis cultivation __knowledge__ Cannabis belongs to the genus \"Cannabis\" in the family Cannabaceae and may include three species, \"C. sativa\", \"C. indica\", and \"C. ruderalis\", (APG II system) or one variable species.", "Cannabis cultivation __knowledge__ It is typically a dioecious (each individual is either male or female) annual plant (life period: April–September).", "Cannabis cultivation __knowledge__ \"C. sativa\" and \"C. indica\" generally grow tall (some varieties reach 4 metres, or 13 feet) and their females start the production of flowers rich in tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) (up to 29% by weight) as the season changes from summer to autumn.", "Darlingtonia californica __knowledge__ Darlingtonia californica , also called the California pitcher plant, cobra lily, or cobra plant, is a species of carnivorous plant, the sole member of the genus \"Darlingtonia\" in the family Sarraceniaceae.", "Darlingtonia californica __knowledge__ It is native to Northern California and Oregon growing in bogs and seeps with cold running water.", "Darlingtonia californica __knowledge__ This plant is designated as uncommon due to its rarity in the field.", "Darlingtonia californica __knowledge__ The name \"cobra lily\" stems from the resemblance of its tubular leaves to a rearing cobra, complete with a forked leaf - ranging from yellow to purplish-green - that resemble fangs or a serpent's tongue.", "Darlingtonia californica __knowledge__ The plant was discovered in 1841 by the botanist William D. Brackenridge at Mount Shasta.", "Evolutionary history of plants __knowledge__ The evolution of plants has resulted in widely varying levels of complexity, from the earliest algal mats, through bryophytes, lycopods, and ferns, to the complex gymnosperms and angiosperms of today.", "Evolutionary history of plants __knowledge__ While many of the groups which appeared earlier continue to thrive, as exemplified by algal dominance in marine environments, more recently derived groups have also displaced previously ecologically dominant ones, e.g.", "Evolutionary history of plants __knowledge__ the ascendance of flowering plants over gymnosperms in terrestrial environments.", "Evolutionary history of plants __knowledge__ Evidence for the appearance of the first land plants occurs in the Ordovician, around , in the form of fossil spores.", "Myall Park Botanic Garden __knowledge__ Myall Park Botanic Garden is a heritage-listed botanic garden at Myall Park Road, Glenmorgan, Western Downs Region, Queensland, Australia.", "Myall Park Botanic Garden __knowledge__ It was designed by Alfred Gray and built in the 1950s (nursery buildings) by Harry Howe.", "Myall Park Botanic Garden __knowledge__ It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 9 November 2012.", "Myall Park Botanic Garden __knowledge__ Myall Park Botanic Garden is a large garden devoted to the growing of Australian flora.", "Myall Park Botanic Garden __knowledge__ It was established in 1941 by David Gordon (1899-2001).", "Myall Park Botanic Garden __knowledge__ David (Dave) Morrice Gordon (AM) was born 9 July 1899, the fifth of nine children for James and Agnes Gordon.", "Myall Park Botanic Garden __knowledge__ In 1910 the Gordon family moved to the Western Downs region from Talbot, in the Central Goldfields region of Victoria.", "Royal Horticultural Society __knowledge__ The Royal Horticultural Society (RHS) was founded in 1804 in London, England, as the Horticultural Society of London, and gained its present name in a Royal Charter granted in 1861.", "Royal Horticultural Society __knowledge__ The Royal Horticultural Society is the UK's leading gardening charity and claims to be \"the world’s largest gardening charity\".", "Royal Horticultural Society __knowledge__ The RHS quotes its charitable purpose as \"The encouragement and improvement of the science, art and practice of horticulture in all its branches\".", "Royal Horticultural Society __knowledge__ The current Director General is Sue Biggs.", "Royal Horticultural Society __knowledge__ The charity promotes horticulture through flower shows such as the RHS Chelsea Flower Show, Hampton Court Palace Flower Show, RHS Tatton Park Flower Show and RHS Cardiff Flower Show.", "Aeroponics __knowledge__ Aeroponics is the process of growing plants in an air or mist environment without the use of soil or an aggregate medium (known as geoponics).", "Aeroponics __knowledge__ The word \"aeroponic\" is derived from the Greek meanings of \"aer\" (ἀήρ, \"air\") and \"ponos\" (πόνος, \"labour\").", "Aeroponics __knowledge__ Aeroponic culture differs from both conventional hydroponics, aquaponics, and in-vitro (plant tissue culture) growing.", "Aeroponics __knowledge__ Unlike hydroponics, which uses a liquid nutrient solution as a growing medium and essential minerals to sustain plant growth; or aquaponics which uses water and fish waste, aeroponics is conducted without a growing medium.", "Aeroponics __knowledge__ It is sometimes considered a type of hydroponics, since water is used in aeroponics to transmit nutrients.", "Carl Linnaeus __knowledge__ Carl Linnaeus (; 23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after his ennoblement as Carl von Linné (), was a Swedish botanist, physician and zoologist, who formalised the modern system of naming organisms called binomial nomenclature.", "Carl Linnaeus __knowledge__ He is known by the epithet \"father of modern taxonomy\".", "Carl Linnaeus __knowledge__ Many of his writings were in Latin and his name is rendered in Latin as (after 1761 Carolus a Linné).", "Carl Linnaeus __knowledge__ Linnaeus was born in the countryside of Småland, in southern Sweden.", "Carl Linnaeus __knowledge__ He received most of his higher education at Uppsala University and began giving lectures in botany there in 1730.", "Carl Linnaeus __knowledge__ He lived abroad between 1735 and 1738, where he studied and also published a first edition of his \" in the Netherlands.", "Michigan State University Horticulture Gardens __knowledge__ The Michigan State University Horticulture Gardens are horticultural gardens, with a landscape arboretum, located on Bogue Street on the Michigan State University campus in East Lansing, Michigan.", "Michigan State University Horticulture Gardens __knowledge__ The gardens are open to the public daily without charge.", "Michigan State University Horticulture Gardens __knowledge__ The gardens are a popular visitor destination on campus, and have been throughout their history.", "Michigan State University Horticulture Gardens __knowledge__ There have been gardens on campus almost since the founding of the Michigan Agricultural College, which would become Michigan State University.", "Michigan State University Horticulture Gardens __knowledge__ After being moved around because of new buildings being built, the current gardens are located adjacent to the Plant and Soil Science Building, which houses the Department of Horticulture, and its teaching greenhouses." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Gardening __knowledge__ Gardening is the practice of growing and cultivating plants as part of horticulture.", "Gardening __knowledge__ In gardens, ornamental plants are often grown for their flowers, foliage, or overall appearance; useful plants, such as root vegetables, leaf vegetables, fruits, and herbs, are grown for consumption, for use as dyes, or for medicinal or cosmetic use.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Gardening is considered by many people to be a relaxing activity.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Gardening ranges in scale from fruit orchards, to long boulevard plantings with one or more different types of shrubs, trees, and herbaceous plants, to residential yards including lawns and foundation plantings, to plants in large or small containers grown inside or outside.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Gardening may be very specialized, with only one type of plant grown, or involve a large number of different plants in mixed plantings.", "Gardening __knowledge__ It involves an active participation in the growing of plants, and tends to be labor-intensive, which differentiates it from farming or forestry.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Forest gardening, a forest-based food production system, is the world's oldest form of gardening.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Forest gardens originated in prehistoric times along jungle-clad river banks and in the wet foothills of monsoon regions.", "Gardening __knowledge__ In the gradual process of families improving their immediate environment, useful tree and vine species were identified, protected and improved while undesirable species were eliminated.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesian cuisine is one of the most vibrant and colourful cuisines in the world, full of intense flavour.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ It is eclectic and diverse, in part because Indonesia is composed of approximately 6,000 populated islands of the total 17,508 in the world's largest archipelago, with more than 300 ethnic groups calling Indonesia home.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Many regional cuisines exist, often based upon indigenous culture and foreign influences.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia has around 5,350 traditional recipes, with 30 of them considered the most important.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia's cuisine may include rice, noodle and soup dishes in modest local eateries to street-side snacks and top-dollar plates.", "Khanom chin __knowledge__ Khanom chin (, ; also spelled \"khanohm jeen\") are fresh, thin rice noodles in Thai cuisine which are made from rice sometimes fermented for three days, boiled, and then made into noodles by extruding the resulting dough through a sieve into boiling water.", "Khanom chin __knowledge__ Khanom chin is served in many kinds of stock: coconut milk, fish curry, and chilli.", "Khanom chin __knowledge__ Although \"chin\" means \"Chinese\" in Thai, this type of noodle originated from the Mon people who inhabited the region which is now central Thailand before the arrival of the Thai people from southern China.", "Khanom chin __knowledge__ The word \"khanom chin\" is probably derived from the Mon words \"hanom cin\" (), or \"boiled noodles.\"", "The Mikado __knowledge__ The Mikado; or, The Town of Titipu is a comic opera in two acts, with music by Arthur Sullivan and libretto by W. S. Gilbert, their ninth of fourteen operatic collaborations.", "The Mikado __knowledge__ It opened on 14 March 1885, in London, where it ran at the Savoy Theatre for 672 performances, which was the second longest run for any work of musical theatre and one of the longest runs of any theatre piece up to that time.", "The Mikado __knowledge__ Before the end of 1885, it was estimated that, in Europe and America, at least 150 companies were producing the opera.", "The Mikado __knowledge__ \"The Mikado\" remains the most frequently performed Savoy Opera, and it is especially popular with amateur and school productions.", "Instant noodle __knowledge__ Instant noodles are sold in a precooked and dried noodle block, with flavoring powder and/or seasoning oil.", "Instant noodle __knowledge__ The flavoring is usually in a separate packet, although in the case of cup noodles the flavoring is often loose in the cup.", "Instant noodle __knowledge__ Some instant noodle products are seal packed; these can be reheated or eaten straight from the packet/container.", "Instant noodle __knowledge__ Dried noodle blocks are cooked or soaked in boiling water before eating.", "Instant noodle __knowledge__ The main ingredients used in dried noodles are usually wheat flour, palm oil, and salt.", "Instant noodle __knowledge__ Common ingredients in the flavoring powder are salt, monosodium glutamate, seasoning, and sugar.", "Christmas dinner __knowledge__ Christmas dinner is a meal traditionally eaten at Christmas.", "Christmas dinner __knowledge__ This meal can take place any time from the evening of Christmas Eve to the evening of Christmas Day itself.", "Christmas dinner __knowledge__ The meals are often particularly rich and substantial, in the tradition of the Christian feast day celebration, and form a significant part of gatherings held to celebrate Christmas.", "Christmas dinner __knowledge__ In some cases, there is a ritual element to the meal related to the religious celebration.", "Christmas dinner __knowledge__ The actual meal consumed varies in different parts of the world with regional cuisines and local traditions.", "Christmas dinner __knowledge__ In many parts of the world, particularly former British colonies, the meal shares some connection with the English Christmas dinner involving roasted meats and pudding of some description.", "KFC __knowledge__ KFC, until 1991 known as Kentucky Fried Chicken, is an American fast food restaurant chain that specializes in fried chicken.", "KFC __knowledge__ Headquartered in Louisville, Kentucky, it is the world's second-largest restaurant chain (as measured by sales) after McDonald's, with almost 20,000 locations globally in 123 countries and territories .", "KFC __knowledge__ The chain is a subsidiary of Yum!", "KFC __knowledge__ Brands, a restaurant company that also owns the Pizza Hut and Taco Bell chains.", "KFC __knowledge__ KFC was founded by Colonel Harland Sanders, an entrepreneur who began selling fried chicken from his roadside restaurant in Corbin, Kentucky during the Great Depression.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Collard greens __knowledge__ Collard greens (collards) describes certain loose-leafed cultivars of \"Brassica oleracea\", the same species as many common vegetables, including cabbage (Capitata Group) and broccoli (Botrytis Group).", "Collard greens __knowledge__ Collard greens are part of the Acephala Group of the species, which includes kale and spring greens.", "Collard greens __knowledge__ They are in the same cultivar group owing to their genetic similarity.", "Collard greens __knowledge__ The name \"collard\" comes from the word \"colewort\" (the wild cabbage plant).", "Collard greens __knowledge__ The plants are grown for their large, dark-colored, edible leaves and as a garden ornamental, mainly in Brazil, Portugal, the southern United States, many parts of Africa, the Balkans, northern Spain, and northern India.", "Bell pepper __knowledge__ The bell pepper (also known as sweet pepper or pepper in the United Kingdom, Canada and Ireland, and capsicum in Australia, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Singapore and New Zealand) is a cultivar group of the species \"Capsicum annuum\".", "Bell pepper __knowledge__ Cultivars of the plant produce fruits in different colors, including red, yellow, orange, green, chocolate/brown, vanilla/white, and purple.", "Bell pepper __knowledge__ Bell peppers are sometimes grouped with less pungent pepper varieties as \"sweet peppers\".", "Bell pepper __knowledge__ The whitish ribs and seeds inside bell peppers may be consumed, but some people find the taste to be bitter.", "Bell pepper __knowledge__ Peppers are native to Mexico, Central America, and northern South America.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Collard Greens (song) __knowledge__ \"Collard Greens\" is a song by American hip hop recording artist Schoolboy Q, released on June 11, 2013 as the lead single from his third studio album \"Oxymoron\" (2014).", "Collard Greens (song) __knowledge__ The song, produced by production team THC and co-produced by Gwen Bunn, features a guest appearance from his Black Hippy cohort and fellow American rapper Kendrick Lamar.", "Collard Greens (song) __knowledge__ The song has since peaked at number 92 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 and number 36 on the UK R&B Chart.", "Collard Greens (song) __knowledge__ It was met with generally positive reviews from music critics.", "Collard Greens (song) __knowledge__ Schoolboy Q spoke to MTV about the song saying, \"This is like the introduction to the album.", "Collard Greens (song) __knowledge__ This is just getting people excited and getting people ready for what's about to happen.\"", "Capsicum __knowledge__ Capsicum (; also known as peppers) is a genus of flowering plants in the nightshade family Solanaceae.", "Capsicum __knowledge__ Its species are native to the Americas, where they have been cultivated for thousands of years.", "Capsicum __knowledge__ Following the Columbian Exchange, it has become cultivated worldwide, and it has also become a key element in many cuisines.", "Capsicum __knowledge__ In addition to use as spices and food vegetables, \"Capsicum\" species have also been used as medicines and lachrymatory agents.", "Capsicum __knowledge__ The generic name may come from Latin \"capsa\" 'box', presumably alluding to the pods or the Greek word κάπτω \"kapto\" 'to gulp'.", "Capsicum __knowledge__ The name \"pepper\" comes from the similarity of the flavor to black pepper, \"Piper nigrum\", although there is no botanical relationship with it or with Sichuan pepper." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Gardening __knowledge__ Gardening is the practice of growing and cultivating plants as part of horticulture.", "Gardening __knowledge__ In gardens, ornamental plants are often grown for their flowers, foliage, or overall appearance; useful plants, such as root vegetables, leaf vegetables, fruits, and herbs, are grown for consumption, for use as dyes, or for medicinal or cosmetic use.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Gardening is considered by many people to be a relaxing activity.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Gardening ranges in scale from fruit orchards, to long boulevard plantings with one or more different types of shrubs, trees, and herbaceous plants, to residential yards including lawns and foundation plantings, to plants in large or small containers grown inside or outside.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Gardening may be very specialized, with only one type of plant grown, or involve a large number of different plants in mixed plantings.", "Gardening __knowledge__ It involves an active participation in the growing of plants, and tends to be labor-intensive, which differentiates it from farming or forestry.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Forest gardening, a forest-based food production system, is the world's oldest form of gardening.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Forest gardens originated in prehistoric times along jungle-clad river banks and in the wet foothills of monsoon regions.", "Gardening __knowledge__ In the gradual process of families improving their immediate environment, useful tree and vine species were identified, protected and improved while undesirable species were eliminated.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Robert James Smith (born 21 April 1959) is an English singer, songwriter and musician.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ He is the lead singer, guitarist, multi instrumentalist, lyricist, principal songwriter and only consistent member of the rock band The Cure, which he co-founded in 1976.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ He was also the lead guitarist for the band Siouxsie and the Banshees from 1982 to 1984 and was part of the short-lived group The Glove in 1983.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Smith is known for his distinctive voice and unique stage look, the latter of which was influential on the Goth subculture that rose to prominence in the 1980s.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Smith was born in the Lancashire town of Blackpool and is the third of four children born to James Alexander and Rita Mary (née Emmott) Smith.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ This Is England '86 is a 2010 British drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne, a spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\".", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Set three years later, it focuses on the mod revival scene rather than the skinhead subculture, with the gang variously adopting an eclectic mix of clothing styles.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Like the film version previously, Thomas Turgoose stars as Shaun, with central roles played by Joe Gilgun as Woody, now a scooter-riding mod, although girlfriend Lol (Vicky McClure) and her friend Trev stay loyal to their roots and still wear the skinhead garb.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Lol's sister Kelly has gone new wave/punk, while other gang members adopt psychobilly, early chav and mohican influences.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ This Is England '90 is a 2015 British TV drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne and produced by Warp Films.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ A spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\", it is also a sequel to the series \"This Is England '86\" and \"This Is England '88\".", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ \"This Is England '90\" was originally due in late 2012, but in July 2012, Meadows announced that the production had been put on hold in order for him to complete his The Stone Roses, and the actors were still waiting for confirmation as to when filming would start.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ In March 2014, Meadows confirmed that shooting would start later in the year although he had not yet finished the script.", "LOL __knowledge__ LOL, or lol, is an acronym for laugh(ing) out loud or lots of laughs, and a popular element of Internet slang.", "LOL __knowledge__ It was first used almost exclusively on Usenet, but has since become widespread in other forms of computer-mediated communication and even face-to-face communication.", "LOL __knowledge__ It is one of many initialisms for expressing bodily reactions, in particular laughter, as text, including initialisms for more emphatic expressions of laughter such as LMAO (\"laugh(ing) my ass off\") and ROFL (or its older form ROTFL; \"roll(ing) on the floor laughing\").", "LOL __knowledge__ Other unrelated expansions include the now mostly obsolete \"lots of luck\" or \"lots of love\" used in letter-writing.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ Le ravissement de Lol V. Stein is a novel written by Marguerite Duras and published in France by Gallimard in 1964.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ The text was translated by Richard Seaver and published as \"The Ravishing of Lol Stein\" in the US by Grove Press in 1966.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ The text was also translated by Eileen Ellenbogen in the UK as \"The rapture of Lol V. Stein\" for Hamish Hamilton in 1967.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ At the beginning of the novel, Lol Stein (her middle initial is omitted in the English translation) is a woman in her thirties.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ She was born and raised in South Tahla in a bourgeois family and is engaged to Michael Richardson at 19.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ However, at a ball in the seaside resort of Town Beach, Michael Richardson leaves Lol for Anne-Marie Stretter, an older woman.", "The Cure __knowledge__ The Cure are an English rock band formed in Crawley, West Sussex in 1976.", "The Cure __knowledge__ The band has experienced several line-up changes, with vocalist, guitarist, and principal songwriter Robert Smith being the only constant member.", "The Cure __knowledge__ Their debut single \"Killing an Arab\" (1978) and debut album \"Three Imaginary Boys\" (1979) were important records in the development of the post-punk and new wave movements that developed in the wake of the punk rock scene in the United Kingdom.", "The Cure __knowledge__ During the early 1980s, the band's increasingly dark and tormented music (as well as Smith's unique stage look) was a staple of the emerging style of music known as gothic rock.", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ This Is England '88 is a 2011 British drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne as a spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\".", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ It is also a sequel to the 2010 television sequel-series \"This Is England '86\", set two and a half years later and starring as previously Thomas Turgoose as Shaun, Vicky McClure as Lol and Joe Gilgun as Woody.", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ Set during Christmas 1988, Lol is haunted by the devastating events that took place two and a half years before.", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ She and Woody both find themselves struggling to cope with their lives without each other after he leaves the gang.", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ Lol is carrying the burden of her guilt, whilst Woody is trying to build a domestic life with a new girlfriend and a potential promotion at work.", "Capsicum __knowledge__ Capsicum (; also known as peppers) is a genus of flowering plants in the nightshade family Solanaceae.", "Capsicum __knowledge__ Its species are native to the Americas, where they have been cultivated for thousands of years.", "Capsicum __knowledge__ Following the Columbian Exchange, it has become cultivated worldwide, and it has also become a key element in many cuisines.", "Capsicum __knowledge__ In addition to use as spices and food vegetables, \"Capsicum\" species have also been used as medicines and lachrymatory agents.", "Capsicum __knowledge__ The generic name may come from Latin \"capsa\" 'box', presumably alluding to the pods or the Greek word κάπτω \"kapto\" 'to gulp'.", "Capsicum __knowledge__ The name \"pepper\" comes from the similarity of the flavor to black pepper, \"Piper nigrum\", although there is no botanical relationship with it or with Sichuan pepper.", "Bell pepper __knowledge__ The bell pepper (also known as sweet pepper or pepper in the United Kingdom, Canada and Ireland, and capsicum in Australia, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Singapore and New Zealand) is a cultivar group of the species \"Capsicum annuum\".", "Bell pepper __knowledge__ Cultivars of the plant produce fruits in different colors, including red, yellow, orange, green, chocolate/brown, vanilla/white, and purple.", "Bell pepper __knowledge__ Bell peppers are sometimes grouped with less pungent pepper varieties as \"sweet peppers\".", "Bell pepper __knowledge__ The whitish ribs and seeds inside bell peppers may be consumed, but some people find the taste to be bitter.", "Bell pepper __knowledge__ Peppers are native to Mexico, Central America, and northern South America.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Stir frying __knowledge__ Stir frying () is a Chinese cooking technique in which ingredients are fried in a small amount of very hot oil while being stirred in a wok.", "Stir frying __knowledge__ The technique originated in China and in recent centuries has spread into other parts of Asia and the West.", "Stir frying __knowledge__ Scholars think that wok (or pan) frying may have been used as early as the Han dynasty (206 B.C.", "Stir frying __knowledge__ – 220 A.D.) for drying grain, not for cooking, but it was not until the Ming dynasty (1368–1644) that the wok reached its modern shape and allowed quick cooking in hot oil.", "Stir frying __knowledge__ Well into the 20th century, while restaurants and affluent families could afford the oil and fuel needed for stir fry, the most widely used cooking techniques remained boiling and steaming.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Gardening __knowledge__ Gardening is the practice of growing and cultivating plants as part of horticulture.", "Gardening __knowledge__ In gardens, ornamental plants are often grown for their flowers, foliage, or overall appearance; useful plants, such as root vegetables, leaf vegetables, fruits, and herbs, are grown for consumption, for use as dyes, or for medicinal or cosmetic use.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Gardening is considered by many people to be a relaxing activity.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Gardening ranges in scale from fruit orchards, to long boulevard plantings with one or more different types of shrubs, trees, and herbaceous plants, to residential yards including lawns and foundation plantings, to plants in large or small containers grown inside or outside.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Gardening may be very specialized, with only one type of plant grown, or involve a large number of different plants in mixed plantings.", "Gardening __knowledge__ It involves an active participation in the growing of plants, and tends to be labor-intensive, which differentiates it from farming or forestry.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Forest gardening, a forest-based food production system, is the world's oldest form of gardening.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Forest gardens originated in prehistoric times along jungle-clad river banks and in the wet foothills of monsoon regions.", "Gardening __knowledge__ In the gradual process of families improving their immediate environment, useful tree and vine species were identified, protected and improved while undesirable species were eliminated.", "Gardening in restricted spaces __knowledge__ There are many ways to garden in restricted spaces.", "Gardening in restricted spaces __knowledge__ Often a small or limited space is an issue in growing and cultivating plants.", "Gardening in restricted spaces __knowledge__ Restricted space gardens can be located on small lawns, balconies, patios, porches, rooftops, inside the home, or in any other available place.", "Gardening in restricted spaces __knowledge__ Gardening in small places can be applied to edible or floral plants.", "Gardening in restricted spaces __knowledge__ Growing your own food has many benefits including saving money; healthier, fresher, and better tasting food; knowledge of pesticide and fertilizer exposure.", "Gardening in restricted spaces __knowledge__ Gardening is a good form of exercise and has been proven to be therapeutic.", "Gardening in restricted spaces __knowledge__ \"Square Foot Gardening\" was made popular by Mel Bartholomew in the early 1980s.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ Urban agriculture, urban farming, or urban gardening is the practice of cultivating, processing, and distributing food in or around a village, town, or city.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ Urban agriculture can also involve animal husbandry, aquaculture, agroforestry, urban beekeeping, and horticulture.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ These activities occur in peri-urban areas as well, and peri-urban agriculture may have different characteristics.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ Urban agriculture can reflect varying levels of economic and social development.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ In the global north, it often takes the form of a social movement for sustainable communities, where organic growers, ‘foodies,’ and ‘locavores’ form social networks founded on a shared ethos of nature and community holism.", "Climate-friendly gardening __knowledge__ Climate-friendly gardening is gardening in ways which reduce emissions of greenhouse gases from gardens and encourage the absorption of carbon dioxide by soils and plants in order to aid the reduction of global warming.", "Climate-friendly gardening __knowledge__ To be a climate-friendly gardener means considering both what happens in a garden and the materials brought into it and the impact they have on land use and climate.", "Climate-friendly gardening __knowledge__ It can also include garden features or activities in the garden that help to reduce greenhouse gas emissions elsewhere.", "Climate-friendly gardening __knowledge__ Most of the excess greenhouse gases causing climate change have come from burning fossil fuel.", "Climate-friendly gardening __knowledge__ But a special report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) estimated that in the last 150 years fossil fuels and cement production were responsible for only about two-thirds of climate change: the other third has been caused by human land use.", "Soil __knowledge__ Soil is a mixture of organic matter, minerals, gases, liquids, and organisms that together support life.", "Soil __knowledge__ The Earth's body of soil is the pedosphere, which has four important functions: it is a medium for plant growth; it is a means of water storage, supply and purification; it is a modifier of Earth's atmosphere; it is a habitat for organisms; all of which, in turn, modify the soil.", "Soil __knowledge__ Soil interfaces with the lithosphere, the hydrosphere, the atmosphere, and the biosphere.", "Soil __knowledge__ The term \"pedolith\", used commonly to refer to the soil, literally translates \"ground stone\".", "Soil __knowledge__ Soil consists of a solid phase of minerals and organic matter (the soil matrix), as well as a porous phase that holds gases (the soil atmosphere) and water (the soil solution).", "Hydroponics __knowledge__ Hydroponics is a subset of hydroculture, the method of growing plants without soil, using mineral nutrient solutions in a water solvent.", "Hydroponics __knowledge__ Terrestrial plants may be grown with only their roots exposed to the mineral solution, or the roots may be supported by an inert medium, such as perlite or gravel.", "Hydroponics __knowledge__ The nutrients in hydroponics can come from an array of different sources; these can include but are not limited to byproduct from fish waste, duck manure, or \"normal nutrients\".", "Hydroponics __knowledge__ The earliest published work on growing terrestrial plants without soil was the 1627 book \"Sylva Sylvarum\" or \"A Natural History\" by Francis Bacon, printed a year after his death.", "Grow light __knowledge__ A grow light or plant light is an artificial light source, generally an electric light, designed to stimulate plant growth by emitting a light appropriate for photosynthesis.", "Grow light __knowledge__ Grow lights are used in applications where there is either no naturally occurring light, or where supplemental light is required.", "Grow light __knowledge__ For example, in the winter months when the available hours of daylight may be insufficient for the desired plant growth, lights are used to extend the time the plants receive light.", "Grow light __knowledge__ If plants do not receive enough light, they will grow long and spindly.", "Grow light __knowledge__ Grow lights either attempt to provide a light spectrum similar to that of the sun, or to provide a spectrum that is more tailored to the needs of the plants being cultivated.", "People Like Us (Kelly Clarkson song) __knowledge__ \"People Like Us\" is a song by American singer Kelly Clarkson, from her first greatest hits album, \"Greatest Hits – Chapter One\" (2012).", "People Like Us (Kelly Clarkson song) __knowledge__ One of the three songs recorded for the compilation, it was released as its third and final single through RCA Records on April 8, 2013.", "People Like Us (Kelly Clarkson song) __knowledge__ Written by Meghan Kabir, James Michael, Blair Daly, and produced by Greg Kurstin, \"People Like Us\" is an uptempo pop song, with its lyrical content primarily dealing with themes of empowerment, acceptance, and assurance for the eccentrics, who were being dedicated to as \"people like us\".", "People Like Us (Kelly Clarkson song) __knowledge__ Upon \"Chapter One\"s release, \"People Like Us\" received positive reviews from music critics, many of whom complimented its lyrical content and Clarkson's vocal performance.", "People Like Us (band) __knowledge__ People Like Us was a South-African Hi-NRG band from the mid-1980s who had success with their song \"Deliverance\".", "People Like Us (band) __knowledge__ Producers Paul Crossley and Terry Owen were working with another South African group called Shiraz (band) during the mid-1980s.", "People Like Us (band) __knowledge__ After the release of their first single, \"Fighting For Our Lives\", they were told by record executives that they were not willing to push the band further due to the lead singer's heavy South African accent.", "People Like Us (band) __knowledge__ They were immediately looking for a new voice for their new project People Like Us.", "People Like Us (band) __knowledge__ Then one night, while visiting the famous Johannesburg night-club Bella Napoli's, they heard the raspy and powerful vocals of Cindy Dickenson performing on stage and they knew they had found exactly what they were looking for.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ This Is England '86 is a 2010 British drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne, a spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\".", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Set three years later, it focuses on the mod revival scene rather than the skinhead subculture, with the gang variously adopting an eclectic mix of clothing styles.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Like the film version previously, Thomas Turgoose stars as Shaun, with central roles played by Joe Gilgun as Woody, now a scooter-riding mod, although girlfriend Lol (Vicky McClure) and her friend Trev stay loyal to their roots and still wear the skinhead garb.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Lol's sister Kelly has gone new wave/punk, while other gang members adopt psychobilly, early chav and mohican influences.", "People Like Us (musician) __knowledge__ People Like Us is the stage name of London DJ multimedia artist Vicki Bennett.", "People Like Us (musician) __knowledge__ She has released a number of albums featuring collages of music and sound since 1992.", "People Like Us (musician) __knowledge__ In recent years, she has performed at a number of modern art galleries, festivals and universities.", "People Like Us (musician) __knowledge__ Since 1991 Vicki Bennett has been making CDs, radio, and A/V multimedia under the name People Like Us.", "People Like Us (musician) __knowledge__ By animating and recontextualising found footage collages Vicki gives an equally witty and dark view of popular culture with a surrealistic edge.", "People Like Us (musician) __knowledge__ Vicki has shown work at, amongst others, Tate Modern, The National Film Theatre, Purcell Room, The ICA, Sydney Opera House, Pompidou Centre, Sonar in Barcelona, The Walker Art Center in Minneapolis, the BBC and Channel 4.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ This Is England '90 is a 2015 British TV drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne and produced by Warp Films.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ A spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\", it is also a sequel to the series \"This Is England '86\" and \"This Is England '88\".", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ \"This Is England '90\" was originally due in late 2012, but in July 2012, Meadows announced that the production had been put on hold in order for him to complete his The Stone Roses, and the actors were still waiting for confirmation as to when filming would start.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ In March 2014, Meadows confirmed that shooting would start later in the year although he had not yet finished the script.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\"." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 56, 3, 24 ]

[ "I actually garden for fun it is peaceful and it teaches you to grow plants as horticulture.", "I grow not only flowers but I grow vegetables as well like bell peppers, potatoes collard greens.", "Bell peppers are the best for dinner stuff them with meat and cheese or get some sweet peppers and make a stir fry.", "I am sorry lol I am getting hungry to myself but outside of eating the fact of gardening is just so relaxing for people like us.", "So lovely and peaceful for you but maybe not the best you know gardening or greenhouse needs to be somewhere that has reduced and excess gas emissions." ]

[ "Gardening", "Gardening", "Gardening", "Gardening", "Gardening" ]

[ "Intel 80386\nI have an old 386 that i just can't let go. It still plays old DOS games.", "Oh yeah. Lots of games from back then!", "Lots of games. My favorite was Super Mario Bros 3 and it ran on an 8 bit processor!", "The Japanese horded it for themselves and then realized they could make more in America!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Intel 80386 __knowledge__ The Intel 80386, also known as i386 or just 386, is a 32-bit microprocessor introduced in 1985.", "Intel 80386 __knowledge__ The first versions had 275,000 transistors and were the CPU of many workstations and high-end personal computers of the time.", "Intel 80386 __knowledge__ As the original implementation of the 32-bit extension of the 80286 architecture, the 80386 instruction set, programming model, and binary encodings are still the common denominator for all 32-bit x86 processors, which is termed the \"i386-architecture\", \"x86\", or \"IA-32\", depending on context.", "Intel 80386 __knowledge__ The 32-bit 80386 can correctly execute most code intended for the earlier 16-bit processors such as 8086 and 80286 that were ubiquitous in early PCs.", "Intel 80386 __knowledge__ (Following the same tradition, modern 64-bit x86 processors are able to run most programs written for older x86 CPUs, all the way back to the original 16-bit 8086 of 1978.)", "Intel 80386 __knowledge__ Over the years, successively newer implementations of the same architecture have become several hundreds of times faster than the original 80386 (and thousands of times faster than the 8086).", "Intel 80386 __knowledge__ A 33 MHz 80386 was reportedly measured to operate at about 11.4 MIPS.", "Intel 80386 __knowledge__ The 80386 was introduced in October 1985, while manufacturing of the chips in significant quantities commenced in June 1986.", "DOSBox __knowledge__ DOSBox is an emulator program that emulates an IBM PC compatible computer running a DOS operating system.", "DOSBox __knowledge__ Many IBM PC compatible graphics and sound cards are also emulated.", "DOSBox __knowledge__ This means that original DOS programs (including PC games) are provided with an environment in which they can run correctly, even though the modern computers have dropped support for that old environment.", "DOSBox __knowledge__ DOSBox is free software written primarily in C++ and distributed under the GNU General Public License.", "DOSBox __knowledge__ DOSBox has been downloaded over 34 million times since its release on SourceForge in 2002.", "DOSBox __knowledge__ DOSBox can run old DOS software on modern computers which would not work otherwise, because of incompatibilities between the older software and modern hardware and operating systems.", "Windows 95 __knowledge__ Windows 95 (codenamed Chicago) is a consumer-oriented operating system developed by Microsoft.", "Windows 95 __knowledge__ It was released on August 24, 1995.", "Windows 95 __knowledge__ Windows 95 merged Microsoft's formerly separate MS-DOS and Windows products.", "Windows 95 __knowledge__ It featured significant improvements over its predecessor, Windows 3.1, most notably in the graphical user interface (GUI) and in its simplified \"plug-and-play\" features.", "Windows 95 __knowledge__ There were also major changes made to the core components of the operating system, such as moving from a mainly co-operatively multitasked 16-bit architecture to a 32-bit preemptive multitasking architecture.", "Windows 95 __knowledge__ Accompanied by an extensive marketing campaign, Windows 95 introduced numerous functions and features that were featured in later Windows versions, such as the taskbar, the \"Start\" button and the way the user navigates.", "Conventional memory __knowledge__ In DOS memory management, conventional memory, also called base memory, is the first 640 kilobytes () of the memory on IBM PC or compatible systems.", "Conventional memory __knowledge__ It is the read-write memory directly addressable by the processor for use by the operating system and application programs.", "Conventional memory __knowledge__ As memory prices rapidly declined, this design decision became a limitation in the use of large memory capacities until the introduction of operating systems and processors that made it irrelevant.", "Conventional memory __knowledge__ The 640 KB barrier is an architectural limitation of IBM and IBM PC compatible PCs.", "Conventional memory __knowledge__ The Intel 8088 CPU, used in the original IBM PC, was able to address 1 MB (2 bytes), since the chip offered 20 address lines.", "MS-DOS __knowledge__ MS-DOS ( ; acronym for Microsoft Disk Operating System) is a discontinued operating system for x86-based personal computers mostly developed by Microsoft.", "MS-DOS __knowledge__ Collectively, MS-DOS, its rebranding as IBM PC DOS, and some operating systems attempting to be compatible with MS-DOS, are sometimes referred to as \"DOS\" (which is also the generic acronym for disk operating system).", "MS-DOS __knowledge__ MS-DOS was the main operating system for IBM PC compatible personal computers during the 1980s and the early 1990s, when it was gradually superseded by operating systems offering a graphical user interface (GUI), in various generations of the graphical Microsoft Windows operating system.", "DR-DOS __knowledge__ DR-DOS (DR DOS, without hyphen up to and including version 6.0) is an operating system of the DOS family, written for IBM PC-compatible personal computers.", "DR-DOS __knowledge__ It was originally developed by Gary Kildall's Digital Research and derived from Concurrent PC DOS 6.0, which was an advanced successor of CP/M-86.", "DR-DOS __knowledge__ As ownership changed, various later versions were produced with names including Novell DOS and Caldera OpenDOS.", "DR-DOS __knowledge__ Digital Research's original CP/M for the 8-bit Intel 8080 and Z-80 based systems spawned numerous spin-off versions, most notably CP/M-86 for the Intel 8086/8088 family of processors.", "DR-DOS __knowledge__ Although CP/M had dominated the market, and was shipped with the vast majority of non-proprietary-architecture personal computers, the IBM PC in 1981 brought the beginning of what was eventually to be a massive change.", "Tandy 1000 __knowledge__ The Tandy 1000 was the first in a line of more-or-less IBM PC compatible home computer systems produced by the Tandy Corporation for sale in its RadioShack chain of stores.", "Tandy 1000 __knowledge__ In December 1983 an executive with Tandy Corporation, maker of TRS-80 computers, said about the new IBM PCjr home computer: \"I'm sure a lot of people will be coming out with PCjr look-alikes.", "Tandy 1000 __knowledge__ The market is big.\"", "Tandy 1000 __knowledge__ Released in November 1984, the $1,200 Tandy 1000 was designed as an inexpensive PC clone with enhancements compatible with the PCjr, but with a better keyboard.", "Tandy 1000 __knowledge__ \"How could IBM have made that mistake with the PCjr?\"", "Tandy 1000 __knowledge__ an amazed Tandy executive said regarding its chiclet keyboard, and another claimed that the 1000 \"is what the PCjr should have been\".", "Ensoniq AudioPCI __knowledge__ The Ensoniq AudioPCI is a PCI-based sound card released in 1997.", "Ensoniq AudioPCI __knowledge__ It was Ensoniq's last sound card product before they were acquired by Creative Technology.", "Ensoniq AudioPCI __knowledge__ The card represented a shift in Ensoniq's market positioning.", "Ensoniq AudioPCI __knowledge__ Whereas the Soundscape line had been made up primarily of low-volume high-end products full of features, the AudioPCI was designed to be a very simple, low-cost product to appeal to system OEMs and thus hopefully sell in mass quantities.", "Ensoniq AudioPCI __knowledge__ Towards the end of the 1990s, Ensoniq was struggling financially.", "Ensoniq AudioPCI __knowledge__ Their cards were very popular with PC OEMs, but their costs were too high and their musical instrument division was fading in revenue." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Intel 80386 __knowledge__ The Intel 80386, also known as i386 or just 386, is a 32-bit microprocessor introduced in 1985.", "Intel 80386 __knowledge__ The first versions had 275,000 transistors and were the CPU of many workstations and high-end personal computers of the time.", "Intel 80386 __knowledge__ As the original implementation of the 32-bit extension of the 80286 architecture, the 80386 instruction set, programming model, and binary encodings are still the common denominator for all 32-bit x86 processors, which is termed the \"i386-architecture\", \"x86\", or \"IA-32\", depending on context.", "Intel 80386 __knowledge__ The 32-bit 80386 can correctly execute most code intended for the earlier 16-bit processors such as 8086 and 80286 that were ubiquitous in early PCs.", "Intel 80386 __knowledge__ (Following the same tradition, modern 64-bit x86 processors are able to run most programs written for older x86 CPUs, all the way back to the original 16-bit 8086 of 1978.)", "Intel 80386 __knowledge__ Over the years, successively newer implementations of the same architecture have become several hundreds of times faster than the original 80386 (and thousands of times faster than the 8086).", "Intel 80386 __knowledge__ A 33 MHz 80386 was reportedly measured to operate at about 11.4 MIPS.", "Intel 80386 __knowledge__ The 80386 was introduced in October 1985, while manufacturing of the chips in significant quantities commenced in June 1986.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ \"Oh Yeah\" is a single released in 1985 by the Swiss band Yello and featured on their album \"Stella\".", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ The song features a mix of electronic music and manipulated vocals.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ The song gained popularity after being featured in the films \"Ferris Bueller's Day Off\" and \"The Secret of My Success\", among other films.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ It has become an iconic anthem of the 1980s, and used to metaphorically represent lust (in various forms) and cocaine.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ It is a popular staple in movies, television and commercials.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ Its 1987 re-released version features the extra lyrics: \"such a good time / a really good time\".", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ Describing the composition of \"Oh Yeah,\" Blank said, \"First I did the music and then I invited Dieter to sing along, and he came up with some lines which I thought, 'no Dieter, it's too complicated, we don't need that many lyrics'.", "Stella (album) __knowledge__ Stella is the fourth studio album by the Swiss electronic band Yello, first released in Germany, Switzerland and Austria on 29 January 1985, and in the UK and US in March 1985.", "Stella (album) __knowledge__ It was the first album made by the band without founder member Carlos Perón, and with his departure the remaining duo of Boris Blank and Dieter Meier began to move away from experimental electronic sounds towards a more commercial synthpop and cinematic soundtrack style.", "Stella (album) __knowledge__ As well as becoming the first album ever by a Swiss group to top the Swiss album chart, it was the band's breakthrough album internationally, helped by the success of the song \"Oh Yeah\", which gained the band worldwide attention the following year after it was prominently featured in the 1986 film \"Ferris Bueller's Day Off\" and then a year later in \"The Secret of My Success\".", "Oh Yeah (music centre) __knowledge__ Oh Yeah is a music centre located in Belfast, Northern Ireland, in the Cathedral Quarter.", "Oh Yeah (music centre) __knowledge__ It was founded primarily to support young talented musicians and bands from Northern Ireland and its huge and growing music scene by providing help and promotion, technical equipment for rehearsing, recording, gigs and event organisation, performing space and releases of band compilations (\"Oh Yeah Sessions\").", "Oh Yeah (music centre) __knowledge__ The Oh Yeah music centre's genres are varying in its manifoldness of Alternative rock, Indie rock, Electronica, Post rock, Post punk, Crossover, Experimental rock and further musical stylistic ways and conceptions.", "Sexy (Glee) __knowledge__ \"Sexy\" is the fifteenth episode of the second season of the American musical comedy-drama television series \"Glee\", and the thirty-seventh episode overall.", "Sexy (Glee) __knowledge__ It was written by Brad Falchuk, directed by Ryan Murphy, and first aired on the Fox network on March 8, 2011.", "Sexy (Glee) __knowledge__ The episode mainly revolves around the topics of sex and adolescent sexuality.", "Sexy (Glee) __knowledge__ In it, Holly Holliday (Gwyneth Paltrow) returns to McKinley High School as a substitute teacher in a class devoted to sex education.", "Sexy (Glee) __knowledge__ Glee club director Will Schuester (Matthew Morrison) begins to develop feelings for Holly, and guidance counselor and celibacy club advisor Emma Pillsbury (Jayma Mays) is less than pleased with Holly's lessons.", "Oh Yeah (Foxy Brown song) __knowledge__ \"Oh Yeah\" is the first single from Trinidadian American female hip-hop artist Foxy Brown's third album \"Broken Silence\".", "Oh Yeah (Foxy Brown song) __knowledge__ \"Oh Yeah\" was officially released on May 4, 2001 in the United States.", "Oh Yeah (Foxy Brown song) __knowledge__ Initially, it was released through the mixtape circuit in late 2000 with alternate lyrics- most notably on Foxy Brown's \"Best Of Foxy Brown\" mixtape in 2000, hosted by DJ Envy.", "Oh Yeah (Foxy Brown song) __knowledge__ The single was unsuccessful, receiving little airplay on urban radio stations (though popular on New York City and the upper East Coast urban stations) and little video rotation on MTV, though it was slightly more successful on BET.", "Oh Yeah! Cartoons __knowledge__ Oh Yeah!", "Oh Yeah! Cartoons __knowledge__ Cartoons is an American animation showcase that appeared on the Nickelodeon cable network, who which was created and guided by Fred Seibert, former Creative Director of MTV Networks and President of Hanna-Barbera.", "Oh Yeah! Cartoons __knowledge__ Produced by Nickelodeon Animation Studio and Frederator Incorporated, it ran as part of Nickelodeon's Nicktoons lineup, and, in its second season, was hosted by Kenan Thompson of \"All That\" and \"Kenan & Kel\" fame; followed later by Josh Server, also from \"All That\", for its third season.", "Oh Yeah! Cartoons __knowledge__ Bill Burnett composed the show's theme music.", "Oh Yeah! Cartoons __knowledge__ In terms of sheer volume, \"Oh Yeah!", "Oh Yeah! Cartoons __knowledge__ Cartoons\" remains TV's biggest animation development program ever.", "MBLAQ __knowledge__ MBLAQ (, ; an acronym for Music Boys Live in Absolute Quality) is a South Korean boy group created by South Korean entertainer Rain under J.", "MBLAQ __knowledge__ Tune Camp.", "MBLAQ __knowledge__ The group consists of Seungho, G.O, and Mir, and formerly Lee Joon and Thunder.", "MBLAQ __knowledge__ The group debuted on October 15, 2009, at Rain's Legend of Rainism concert.", "MBLAQ __knowledge__ On October 14, 2009, the group released their debut single album, \"Just BLAQ\", which topped various online and offline music charts in South Korea.", "MBLAQ __knowledge__ The group then released their first extended play album \"Y\" on May 19, 2010, and on January 10, 2011, MBLAQ released their first studio album, \"BLAQ Style\".", "University of Colombo School of Computing __knowledge__ The University of Colombo School of Computing (UCSC) is a higher educational institute affiliated to the University of Colombo in Sri Lanka providing Computer Science and Information and Communication Technology education.", "University of Colombo School of Computing __knowledge__ The UCSC was formed on 1 September 2002 by bringing together the Department of Computer Science of the Faculty of Science of the University of Colombo and the Institute of Computer Technology and considered as the leading computing higher educational institution in Sri Lanka.", "University of Colombo School of Computing __knowledge__ Teaching of computing at the University of Colombo first started in 1967 with the setting up of the Statistical Unit as a separate unit of the Department of Mathematics of the Faculty of Science.", "NetWare __knowledge__ NetWare is a discontinued computer network operating system developed by Novell, Inc.", "NetWare __knowledge__ It initially used cooperative multitasking to run various services on a personal computer, using the IPX network protocol.", "NetWare __knowledge__ The original NetWare product in 1983 supported clients running both CP/M and MS-DOS, ran over a proprietary star network topology and was based on a Novell-built file server using the Motorola 68000 processor, but the company soon moved away from building its own hardware, and NetWare became hardware-independent, running on any suitable Intel-based IBM PC compatible system, and a wide range of network cards.", "New York State Route 286 __knowledge__ New York State Route 286 (NY 286) is an east–west state highway in the vicinity of the city of Rochester, New York, in the United States.", "New York State Route 286 __knowledge__ It links Rochester to its eastern suburbs and to western Wayne County.", "New York State Route 286 __knowledge__ The western terminus of the route is at exit 7 on NY 590 just inside the Rochester city limits.", "New York State Route 286 __knowledge__ Its eastern terminus is at NY 350 in Walworth.", "New York State Route 286 __knowledge__ NY 286 is named Browncroft Boulevard from NY 590 to its junction with Qualtrough and Clark roads in Penfield.", "New York State Route 286 __knowledge__ This portion of the highway passes through predominantly residential areas.", "New York State Route 286 __knowledge__ East of this intersection, the route is known as Atlantic Avenue and traverses more rural areas.", "Debraj Roy College __knowledge__ Debraj Roy College (Assamese: দেৱৰাজ ৰয় মহাবিদ্যালয়) (informally D. R. or D. R. College) is a leading higher education institution established in 1949 at Jonaki Nagar in Golaghat.", "Debraj Roy College __knowledge__ Affiliated to Dibrugarh University, the college has 15 departments running Higher Secondary and Undergraduate programmes both in Science and Arts as well as a Postgraduate programme in Life Sciences.", "Debraj Roy College __knowledge__ The college has a current enrollment of more than 2500 students.", "Debraj Roy College __knowledge__ Debraj Roy College came into being in the wake of independence of the country around 1949.", "Debraj Roy College __knowledge__ In the post independence period, there was a surging atmosphere of great joy and excitement all over the country and this tempo was also felt in an isolated and sleepy town like Golaghat.", "Intel 80286 __knowledge__ The Intel 80286 (also marketed as the iAPX 286 and often called Intel 286) is a 16-bit microprocessor that was introduced on 1 February 1982.", "Intel 80286 __knowledge__ It was the first 8086 based CPU with separate, non-multiplexed address and data buses and also the first with memory management and wide protection abilities.", "Intel 80286 __knowledge__ The 80286 used approximately 134,000 transistors in its original nMOS (HMOS) incarnation and, just like the contemporary 80186, it could correctly execute most software written for the earlier Intel 8086 and 8088 processors.", "Intel 80286 __knowledge__ The 80286 was employed for the IBM PC/AT, introduced in 1984, and then widely used in most PC/AT compatible computers until the early 1990s.", "Fairfax County Parkway __knowledge__ The Fairfax County Parkway, numbered State Route 286 (SR 286, formerly SR 7100), is a primary state highway in the U.S. state of Virginia.", "Fairfax County Parkway __knowledge__ It provides a north–south arterial route in Fairfax County with a mix of interchanges and signalized and unsignalized intersections.", "Fairfax County Parkway __knowledge__ Its alignment roughly corresponds to part of the once-proposed Outer Beltway around Washington, D.C.", "Fairfax County Parkway __knowledge__ The first segment of the roadway opened in 1987; the road was completed in 2010.", "Fairfax County Parkway __knowledge__ The Franconia–Springfield Parkway (SR 289, formerly SR 7900) is a spur near the south end of SR 286, leading east through Springfield and serving the Franconia–Springfield Metro station.", "The River Flows (novel) __knowledge__ The River Flows is a semi-autobiographical novel by the British writer F. L. Lucas.", "The River Flows (novel) __knowledge__ His first novel, it was published in 1926.", "The River Flows (novel) __knowledge__ The title is taken from a poem by T'ao Ch'ien, translated by Arthur Waley, three lines from which form the novel's epigraph.", "The River Flows (novel) __knowledge__ Written in the form of a journal with inserted letters, the story begins in early 1913, with the narrator, David Halliday (a Cambridge Classics graduate, aged 22, working on a fellowship thesis on Theocritus) holidaying happily alone in the Lake District.", "The River Flows (novel) __knowledge__ In Yorkshire, on his way back to Cambridge, he visits student-friend Philip Winton, for whom \"in the odd dispassionately passionate Cambridge way\", as one reviewer put it, he feels a strong affection." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Intel 80386 __knowledge__ The Intel 80386, also known as i386 or just 386, is a 32-bit microprocessor introduced in 1985.", "Intel 80386 __knowledge__ The first versions had 275,000 transistors and were the CPU of many workstations and high-end personal computers of the time.", "Intel 80386 __knowledge__ As the original implementation of the 32-bit extension of the 80286 architecture, the 80386 instruction set, programming model, and binary encodings are still the common denominator for all 32-bit x86 processors, which is termed the \"i386-architecture\", \"x86\", or \"IA-32\", depending on context.", "Intel 80386 __knowledge__ The 32-bit 80386 can correctly execute most code intended for the earlier 16-bit processors such as 8086 and 80286 that were ubiquitous in early PCs.", "Intel 80386 __knowledge__ (Following the same tradition, modern 64-bit x86 processors are able to run most programs written for older x86 CPUs, all the way back to the original 16-bit 8086 of 1978.)", "Intel 80386 __knowledge__ Over the years, successively newer implementations of the same architecture have become several hundreds of times faster than the original 80386 (and thousands of times faster than the 8086).", "Intel 80386 __knowledge__ A 33 MHz 80386 was reportedly measured to operate at about 11.4 MIPS.", "Intel 80386 __knowledge__ The 80386 was introduced in October 1985, while manufacturing of the chips in significant quantities commenced in June 1986.", "Super Mario __knowledge__ The \"Super Mario\" games follow Mario's adventures, typically in the fictional Mushroom Kingdom with Mario as the player character.", "Super Mario __knowledge__ He is often joined by his brother, Luigi, and occasionally by other members of the \"Mario\" cast.", "Super Mario __knowledge__ As in platform video games, the player runs and jumps across platforms and atop enemies in themed levels.", "Super Mario __knowledge__ The games have simple plots, typically with Mario rescuing the kidnapped Princess Peach from the primary antagonist, Bowser.", "Super Mario __knowledge__ The first title in the series, \"Super Mario Bros.\", released for the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES) in 1985, established gameplay concepts and elements prevalent in nearly every \"Super Mario\" game since.", "Super Mario Bros. __knowledge__ Super Mario Bros. is a platform video game developed and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo Entertainment System home console.", "Super Mario Bros. __knowledge__ Released as a successor to the 1983 game \"Mario Bros.\", \"Super Mario Bros.\" was released in Japan and North America in 1985, and in Europe and Australia two years later.", "Super Mario Bros. __knowledge__ In \"Super Mario Bros.\", the player controls Mario and his brother, Luigi, as they travel through the Mushroom Kingdom in order to rescue Princess Toadstool from the antagonist, Bowser.", "Super Mario Bros. __knowledge__ \"Super Mario Bros.\" has received critical acclaim since its initial release, with many crediting it alongside the NES as one of the key factors in reviving the video game industry after it had experienced a market crash in 1983.", "List of recurring Mario franchise enemies __knowledge__ This is a list of common, recurring enemies in the \"Mario\" franchise.", "List of recurring Mario franchise enemies __knowledge__ The enemies on the list are in alphabetical order, and are most commonly found in \"Super Mario\" games, in which Bowser commands his minions to block and act as obstacles to Mario, who is normally attempting to rescue Princess Peach.", "List of recurring Mario franchise enemies __knowledge__ Most of these enemies are identical in look and are classified as species.", "List of recurring Mario franchise enemies __knowledge__ While only those who belong to Bowser or specific antagonists are enemies to Mario or players, other members of these species (usually individuals) have their own life in or out of Mushroom Kingdom (e.g.", "List of recurring Mario franchise enemies __knowledge__ King Boo; Petey Piranha), similar with Toads or Yoshis.", "Super Mario Bros. 3 __knowledge__ Super Mario Bros. 3 is a platform video game developed and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES).", "Super Mario Bros. 3 __knowledge__ It was first released in Japan on October 23, 1988, and later in North America on February 12, 1990.", "Super Mario Bros. 3 __knowledge__ The game was developed by Nintendo Entertainment Analysis and Development, led by Shigeru Miyamoto and Takashi Tezuka.", "Super Mario Bros. 3 __knowledge__ Enhanced remakes were later released on the Super NES in 1993 and the Game Boy Advance in 2003.", "Super Mario Bros. 3 __knowledge__ The game has been re-released as a Virtual Console title for the Wii, Nintendo 3DS, and Wii U consoles.", "Super Mario Bros. 3 __knowledge__ \"Super Mario Bros. 3\" centers on plumbers Mario and Luigi who embark on a quest to save Princess Toadstool and the rulers of seven different kingdoms from the antagonist Bowser and his children, the Koopalings.", "Super Mario Bros. 2 __knowledge__ Super Mario Bros. 2 is a platform game developed and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo Entertainment System.", "Super Mario Bros. 2 __knowledge__ The game was first released in North America in October 1988, and in the PAL region the following year.", "Super Mario Bros. 2 __knowledge__ \"Super Mario Bros. 2\" has been remade or re-released for several video game consoles.", "Super Mario Bros. 2 __knowledge__ The western release of \"Super Mario Bros. 2\" was based on Yume Kōjō: Doki Doki Panic, a Family Computer Disk System game meant to tie-in with Fuji Television's media technology expo, called Yume Kōjō (lit.", "Super Mario Bros. 2 __knowledge__ Dream Factory).", "Super Mario Bros. 2 __knowledge__ The characters, enemies, and themes of the game were meant to reflect the mascots and theme of the festival.", "Mario (franchise) __knowledge__ The franchise is a video game franchise published and produced by Nintendo starring the fictional Italian character Mario.", "Mario (franchise) __knowledge__ The franchise's other forms of media include several television series and a feature film.", "Mario (franchise) __knowledge__ It was originally created by game designer Shigeru Miyamoto with the arcade game \"Donkey Kong\", released on July 9, 1981.", "Mario (franchise) __knowledge__ The games have been developed by a variety of developers including Nintendo, Hudson Soft, and AlphaDream.", "Mario (franchise) __knowledge__ Most \"Mario\" games have either been released for the arcade or Nintendo video game consoles and handhelds dating from the Nintendo Entertainment System to the current generation of video game consoles.", "Mario __knowledge__ With over 500 million units sold worldwide, the overall \"Mario\" franchise is the best-selling video game franchise of all time.", "Mario __knowledge__ Outside of the \"Super Mario\" platform series, other \"Mario\" genres include the \"Mario Kart\" racing series, sports games such as the \"Mario Tennis\" and \"Mario Golf\" series, role-playing games such as \"Super Mario RPG\" and \"Paper Mario\", and educational games such as \"Mario Is Missing!", "Mario __knowledge__ \", \"Mario's Time Machine\" and \"Mario Teaches Typing\".", "Mario __knowledge__ The franchise has branched into several media, including television shows, film, comics, and licensed merchandise.", "Mario __knowledge__ Since 1990, Mario has been voiced by Charles Martinet.", "Microprocessor __knowledge__ A microprocessor is a computer processor which incorporates the functions of a computer's central processing unit (CPU) on a single integrated circuit (IC), or at most a few integrated circuits.", "Microprocessor __knowledge__ The microprocessor is a multipurpose, clock driven, register based, digital-integrated circuit which accepts binary data as input, processes it according to instructions stored in its memory, and provides results as output.", "Microprocessor __knowledge__ Microprocessors contain both combinational logic and sequential digital logic.", "Microprocessor __knowledge__ Microprocessors operate on numbers and symbols represented in the binary numeral system.", "Microprocessor __knowledge__ The integration of a whole CPU onto a single chip or on a few chips greatly reduced the cost of processing power, increasing efficiency.", "History of science and technology in Japan __knowledge__ This is the history of science and technology in Japan.", "History of science and technology in Japan __knowledge__ The soroban is an abacus calculator developed in medieval Japan.", "History of science and technology in Japan __knowledge__ It is derived from the ancient Chinese suanpan, imported to Japan in the 14th century.", "History of science and technology in Japan __knowledge__ Karakuri puppets are traditional Japanese mechanized puppets or automata, originally made from the 17th century to the 19th century.", "History of science and technology in Japan __knowledge__ The word \"karakuri\" means \"mechanisms\" or \"trick\".", "History of science and technology in Japan __knowledge__ The dolls' gestures provided a form of entertainment.", "History of science and technology in Japan __knowledge__ Three main types of karakuri exist.", "History of science and technology in Japan __knowledge__ were used in theatre.", "History of science and technology in Japan __knowledge__ were small and used in homes.", "History of science and technology in Japan __knowledge__ were used in religious festivals, where the puppets were used to perform reenactments of traditional myths and legends.", "Motorola 6800 __knowledge__ The 6800 (\"\"sixty-eight hundred\"\") is an 8-bit microprocessor designed and first manufactured by Motorola in 1974.", "Motorola 6800 __knowledge__ The MC6800 microprocessor was part of the M6800 Microcomputer System that also included serial and parallel interface ICs, RAM, ROM and other support chips.", "Motorola 6800 __knowledge__ A significant design feature was that the M6800 family of ICs required only a single five-volt power supply at a time when most other microprocessors required three voltages.", "Motorola 6800 __knowledge__ The M6800 Microcomputer System was announced in March 1974 and was in full production by the end of that year.", "Motorola 6800 __knowledge__ The 6800 architecture and instruction set were influenced by the then popular Digital Equipment Corporation PDP-11 mini computer.", "History of general-purpose CPUs __knowledge__ The history of general-purpose CPUs is a continuation of the earlier history of computing hardware.", "History of general-purpose CPUs __knowledge__ In the early 1950s, each computer design was unique.", "History of general-purpose CPUs __knowledge__ There were no upward-compatible machines or computer architectures with multiple, differing implementations.", "History of general-purpose CPUs __knowledge__ Programs written for one machine would run on no other kind, even other kinds from the same company.", "History of general-purpose CPUs __knowledge__ This was not a major drawback then because no large body of software had been developed to run on computers, so starting programming from scratch was not seen as a large barrier.", "History of general-purpose CPUs __knowledge__ The design freedom of the time was very important, for designers were very constrained by the cost of electronics, and only starting to explore how a computer could best be organized.", "MOS Technology 6502 __knowledge__ The MOS Technology 6502 (typically \"\"sixty-five-oh-two\"\" or \"\"six-five-oh-two\"\") is an 8-bit microprocessor that was designed by a small team led by Chuck Peddle for MOS Technology.", "MOS Technology 6502 __knowledge__ When it was introduced in 1975, the 6502 was, by a considerable margin, the least expensive microprocessor on the market.", "MOS Technology 6502 __knowledge__ It initially sold for less than one-sixth the cost of competing designs from larger companies, such as Motorola and Intel, and caused rapid decreases in pricing across the entire processor market.", "MOS Technology 6502 __knowledge__ Along with the Zilog Z80, it sparked a series of projects that resulted in the home computer revolution of the early 1980s.", "Intel 8086 __knowledge__ The 8086 (also called iAPX 86 ) is a 16-bit microprocessor chip designed by Intel between early 1976 and mid-1978, when it was released.", "Intel 8086 __knowledge__ The Intel 8088, released in 1979, is a slightly modified chip with an external 8-bit data bus (allowing the use of cheaper and fewer supporting ICs), and is notable as the processor used in the original IBM PC design, including the widespread version called IBM PC XT.", "Intel 8086 __knowledge__ The 8086 gave rise to the x86 architecture, which eventually became Intel's most successful line of processors.", "Intel 8086 __knowledge__ In 1972, Intel launched the 8008, the first 8-bit microprocessor.", "Intel 8086 __knowledge__ It implemented an instruction set designed by Datapoint corporation with programmable CRT terminals in mind, which also proved to be fairly general-purpose.", "History of personal computers __knowledge__ The history of the personal computer as a mass-market consumer electronic device began with the microcomputer revolution of the 1980s.", "History of personal computers __knowledge__ The 1981 launch of the IBM Personal Computer coined both the term \"Personal Computer\" and \"PC\".", "History of personal computers __knowledge__ A personal computer is one intended for interactive individual use, as opposed to a mainframe computer where the end user's requests are filtered through operating staff, or a time-sharing system in which one large processor is shared by many individuals.", "History of personal computers __knowledge__ After the development of the microprocessor, individual personal computers were low enough in cost that they eventually became affordable consumer goods." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Intel 80386 __knowledge__ The Intel 80386, also known as i386 or just 386, is a 32-bit microprocessor introduced in 1985.", "Intel 80386 __knowledge__ The first versions had 275,000 transistors and were the CPU of many workstations and high-end personal computers of the time.", "Intel 80386 __knowledge__ As the original implementation of the 32-bit extension of the 80286 architecture, the 80386 instruction set, programming model, and binary encodings are still the common denominator for all 32-bit x86 processors, which is termed the \"i386-architecture\", \"x86\", or \"IA-32\", depending on context.", "Intel 80386 __knowledge__ The 32-bit 80386 can correctly execute most code intended for the earlier 16-bit processors such as 8086 and 80286 that were ubiquitous in early PCs.", "Intel 80386 __knowledge__ (Following the same tradition, modern 64-bit x86 processors are able to run most programs written for older x86 CPUs, all the way back to the original 16-bit 8086 of 1978.)", "Intel 80386 __knowledge__ Over the years, successively newer implementations of the same architecture have become several hundreds of times faster than the original 80386 (and thousands of times faster than the 8086).", "Intel 80386 __knowledge__ A 33 MHz 80386 was reportedly measured to operate at about 11.4 MIPS.", "Intel 80386 __knowledge__ The 80386 was introduced in October 1985, while manufacturing of the chips in significant quantities commenced in June 1986.", "M. Norton Wise __knowledge__ Matthew Norton Wise (born 2 April 1940 in Tacoma, Washington) is a professor in the history of science at UCLA.", "M. Norton Wise __knowledge__ He is also the co-director of the UCLA Center for Society and Genetics.", "M. Norton Wise __knowledge__ He has famously attacked in which they perceive the obstruction of science by the Academic Left.", "M. Norton Wise __knowledge__ Wise obtained a B.Sc.", "M. Norton Wise __knowledge__ in physics from Pacific Lutheran University in 1962 and went on to obtain two Ph.D.s: a Ph.D. in experimental nuclear physics from Washington State University in 1968, and a Ph.D. in the history of science from Princeton University in 1977.", "M. Norton Wise __knowledge__ Wise was a physics professor at Auburn University and Oregon State before becoming a history professor at UCLA and then, from 1991-2000, Princeton, before returning to UCLA, where he remains.", "Tide jewels __knowledge__ In Japanese mythology, the and -- were magical gems that the Sea God used to control the tides.", "Tide jewels __knowledge__ Classical Japanese history texts record an ancient myth that the ocean \"kami\" Watatsumi 海神 \"sea god\" or Ryūjin 龍神 \"dragon god\" presented the \"kanju\" and \"manju\" to his demigod son-in-law Hoori, and a later legend that Empress Jingū used the tide jewels to conquer Korea.", "Tide jewels __knowledge__ Tide jewels interrelate Japanese dragons and \"wani\" sea-monsters, Indonesian mythology, the \"nyoi-ju\" 如意珠 \"\"cintamani\"; wish-fulfilling jewel\" in Japanese Buddhism, magic jewels of Nāga kings in Hindu mythology, and the pearl associations of Chinese dragons in Chinese mythology.", "Second Sino-Japanese War __knowledge__ The Second Sino-Japanese War was a military conflict fought primarily between the Republic of China and the Empire of Japan from July 7, 1937, to September 9, 1945.", "Second Sino-Japanese War __knowledge__ It began with the Marco Polo Bridge Incident in 1937 in which a dispute between Japanese and Chinese troops escalated into a battle.", "Second Sino-Japanese War __knowledge__ During the Marco Polo Bridge Incident Japanese military demanded permission to enter the Chinese city of Wanping to search for a missing soldier.", "Second Sino-Japanese War __knowledge__ The Chinese refused.", "Second Sino-Japanese War __knowledge__ Later in the night, a unit of Japanese infantry attempted to breach Wanping's walled defences and were repulsed.", "Second Sino-Japanese War __knowledge__ An ultimatum by the Japanese was issued before they would declare war.", "International relations of the Great Powers (1814–1919) __knowledge__ This article covers worldwide diplomacy and, more generally, the international relations of the major powers, from 1814 to 1919, with links to more detailed articles.", "International relations of the Great Powers (1814–1919) __knowledge__ The international relations of minor countries are covered in their own history articles.", "International relations of the Great Powers (1814–1919) __knowledge__ This era covers the period from the end of the Napoleonic Wars and the Congress of Vienna (1814–15), to the end of the First World War and the Paris Peace Conference.", "International relations of the Great Powers (1814–1919) __knowledge__ For the previous era see International relations, 1648–1814.", "International relations of the Great Powers (1814–1919) __knowledge__ For the 1920s and 1930s see International relations (1919–1939).", "International relations of the Great Powers (1814–1919) __knowledge__ Important themes include the rapid industrialization and growing power of Britain, Europe and, later in the period, the United States and Japan.", "Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–98) __knowledge__ The Japanese invasions of Korea comprised two separate yet linked operations: an initial invasion in 1592, a brief truce in 1596, and a second invasion in 1597.", "Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–98) __knowledge__ The conflict ended in 1598 with the withdrawal of the Japanese forces from the Korean Peninsula after a military stalemate in Korea's southern coastal provinces.", "Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–98) __knowledge__ The invasions were launched by Toyotomi Hideyoshi with the intent of conquering the Korean Peninsula and China, which were ruled by the Joseon and by the Ming dynasty, respectively.", "Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–98) __knowledge__ Japan quickly succeeded in occupying large portions of the Korean Peninsula, but the contribution of reinforcements by the Ming, as well as the disruption of Japanese supply fleets along the western and southern coasts by the Joseon Navy forced a withdrawal of Japanese forces from Pyongyang and the northern provinces to the south, where the Japanese continued to occupy Hanseong (now Seoul) and the southeastern regions.", "History of Islam in China __knowledge__ The history of Islam in China began when four \"Ṣaḥābā\"—Sa‘d ibn Abī Waqqās (594–674), Ja'far ibn Abi Talib, and Jahsh preached in 616/17 and onwards in China after coming from Chittagong-Kamrup-Manipur route after sailing from Abyssinia in 615/16.", "History of Islam in China __knowledge__ Sa‘d ibn Abi Waqqas again headed for China for the third time in 650–51 after Caliph ‘Uthman asked him to lead an embassy to China, which the Chinese emperor received warmly.", "History of Islam in China __knowledge__ Trade existed between pre-Islamic Arabia and China's South Coast, and flourished when Arab maritime traders converted to Islam.", "History of Islam in China __knowledge__ It reached its peak under the Mongol Yuan Dynasty.", "History of the United States __knowledge__ The history of the United States began with the settlement of Indigenous people before 10,000 BC.", "History of the United States __knowledge__ Numerous cultures formed.", "History of the United States __knowledge__ The arrival of Christopher Columbus in 1492 started the European colonization of the Americas.", "History of the United States __knowledge__ Most colonies formed after 1600.", "History of the United States __knowledge__ By the 1770s, thirteen British colonies contained 2.5 million people along the Atlantic coast east of the Appalachian Mountains.", "History of the United States __knowledge__ After defeating France, the British government imposed a series of new taxes after 1765, rejecting the colonists' argument that new taxes needed their approval (see Stamp Act 1765).", "History of the United States __knowledge__ Tax resistance, especially the Boston Tea Party (1773), led to punitive laws by Parliament designed to end self-government in Massachusetts.", "Super Mario __knowledge__ The \"Super Mario\" games follow Mario's adventures, typically in the fictional Mushroom Kingdom with Mario as the player character.", "Super Mario __knowledge__ He is often joined by his brother, Luigi, and occasionally by other members of the \"Mario\" cast.", "Super Mario __knowledge__ As in platform video games, the player runs and jumps across platforms and atop enemies in themed levels.", "Super Mario __knowledge__ The games have simple plots, typically with Mario rescuing the kidnapped Princess Peach from the primary antagonist, Bowser.", "Super Mario __knowledge__ The first title in the series, \"Super Mario Bros.\", released for the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES) in 1985, established gameplay concepts and elements prevalent in nearly every \"Super Mario\" game since.", "Super Mario Bros. __knowledge__ Super Mario Bros. is a platform video game developed and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo Entertainment System home console.", "Super Mario Bros. __knowledge__ Released as a successor to the 1983 game \"Mario Bros.\", \"Super Mario Bros.\" was released in Japan and North America in 1985, and in Europe and Australia two years later.", "Super Mario Bros. __knowledge__ In \"Super Mario Bros.\", the player controls Mario and his brother, Luigi, as they travel through the Mushroom Kingdom in order to rescue Princess Toadstool from the antagonist, Bowser.", "Super Mario Bros. __knowledge__ \"Super Mario Bros.\" has received critical acclaim since its initial release, with many crediting it alongside the NES as one of the key factors in reviving the video game industry after it had experienced a market crash in 1983.", "List of recurring Mario franchise enemies __knowledge__ This is a list of common, recurring enemies in the \"Mario\" franchise.", "List of recurring Mario franchise enemies __knowledge__ The enemies on the list are in alphabetical order, and are most commonly found in \"Super Mario\" games, in which Bowser commands his minions to block and act as obstacles to Mario, who is normally attempting to rescue Princess Peach.", "List of recurring Mario franchise enemies __knowledge__ Most of these enemies are identical in look and are classified as species.", "List of recurring Mario franchise enemies __knowledge__ While only those who belong to Bowser or specific antagonists are enemies to Mario or players, other members of these species (usually individuals) have their own life in or out of Mushroom Kingdom (e.g.", "List of recurring Mario franchise enemies __knowledge__ King Boo; Petey Piranha), similar with Toads or Yoshis.", "Super Mario Bros. 3 __knowledge__ Super Mario Bros. 3 is a platform video game developed and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES).", "Super Mario Bros. 3 __knowledge__ It was first released in Japan on October 23, 1988, and later in North America on February 12, 1990.", "Super Mario Bros. 3 __knowledge__ The game was developed by Nintendo Entertainment Analysis and Development, led by Shigeru Miyamoto and Takashi Tezuka.", "Super Mario Bros. 3 __knowledge__ Enhanced remakes were later released on the Super NES in 1993 and the Game Boy Advance in 2003.", "Super Mario Bros. 3 __knowledge__ The game has been re-released as a Virtual Console title for the Wii, Nintendo 3DS, and Wii U consoles.", "Super Mario Bros. 3 __knowledge__ \"Super Mario Bros. 3\" centers on plumbers Mario and Luigi who embark on a quest to save Princess Toadstool and the rulers of seven different kingdoms from the antagonist Bowser and his children, the Koopalings.", "Super Mario Bros. 2 __knowledge__ Super Mario Bros. 2 is a platform game developed and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo Entertainment System.", "Super Mario Bros. 2 __knowledge__ The game was first released in North America in October 1988, and in the PAL region the following year.", "Super Mario Bros. 2 __knowledge__ \"Super Mario Bros. 2\" has been remade or re-released for several video game consoles.", "Super Mario Bros. 2 __knowledge__ The western release of \"Super Mario Bros. 2\" was based on Yume Kōjō: Doki Doki Panic, a Family Computer Disk System game meant to tie-in with Fuji Television's media technology expo, called Yume Kōjō (lit.", "Super Mario Bros. 2 __knowledge__ Dream Factory).", "Super Mario Bros. 2 __knowledge__ The characters, enemies, and themes of the game were meant to reflect the mascots and theme of the festival.", "Mario (franchise) __knowledge__ The franchise is a video game franchise published and produced by Nintendo starring the fictional Italian character Mario.", "Mario (franchise) __knowledge__ The franchise's other forms of media include several television series and a feature film.", "Mario (franchise) __knowledge__ It was originally created by game designer Shigeru Miyamoto with the arcade game \"Donkey Kong\", released on July 9, 1981.", "Mario (franchise) __knowledge__ The games have been developed by a variety of developers including Nintendo, Hudson Soft, and AlphaDream.", "Mario (franchise) __knowledge__ Most \"Mario\" games have either been released for the arcade or Nintendo video game consoles and handhelds dating from the Nintendo Entertainment System to the current generation of video game consoles.", "Mario __knowledge__ With over 500 million units sold worldwide, the overall \"Mario\" franchise is the best-selling video game franchise of all time.", "Mario __knowledge__ Outside of the \"Super Mario\" platform series, other \"Mario\" genres include the \"Mario Kart\" racing series, sports games such as the \"Mario Tennis\" and \"Mario Golf\" series, role-playing games such as \"Super Mario RPG\" and \"Paper Mario\", and educational games such as \"Mario Is Missing!", "Mario __knowledge__ \", \"Mario's Time Machine\" and \"Mario Teaches Typing\".", "Mario __knowledge__ The franchise has branched into several media, including television shows, film, comics, and licensed merchandise.", "Mario __knowledge__ Since 1990, Mario has been voiced by Charles Martinet." ] ]

[ 8, 1, 24, 72 ]

[ "It is my understanding that the 286 was introduced way back in October of 85!", "I bet there are some classic games that were played on that 32-bit microprocessor. ", "I can't believe Super Mario Bros. 2 was released on October of 88 and it took until February of 90 for it to reach America!", "Have you seen the television series and the movie based on Super Mario?" ]

[ "Intel 80386", "Intel 80386", "Intel 80386", "Intel 80386" ]

[ "Scotch whisky\nHere is a fun fact about Scotch whiskey. It is one of the biggest Scottish exports.", "No I didn't! That is so cool! I have said all I know about Scotch whiskey. Can you tell me even more?", "Neither do I. That's pretty interesting! Do you happen to know what plant Irish whiskey and Scotch is made from?", "Scotch I believe is malted barley and Irish whiskey I think is barley malted or unmalted based on flavor preferences I think." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ Scotch whisky (; often simply called Scotch) is malt whisky or grain whisky made in Scotland.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ Scotch whisky must be made in a manner specified by law.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ All Scotch whisky was originally made from malted barley.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ Commercial distilleries began introducing whisky made from wheat and rye in the late 18th century.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ Scotch whisky is divided into five distinct categories: single malt Scotch whisky, single grain Scotch whisky, blended malt Scotch whisky (formerly called \"vatted malt\" or \"pure malt\"), blended grain Scotch whisky, and blended Scotch whisky.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ All Scotch whisky must be aged in oak barrels for at least three years.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ Any age statement on a bottle of Scotch whisky, expressed in numerical form, must reflect the age of the youngest whisky used to produce that product.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ A whisky with an age statement is known as guaranteed-age whisky.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ A whisky without an age statement is known as a no age statement (NAS) whisky, the only guarantee being that all whisky contained in that bottle is at least three years old.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ The first written mention of Scotch whisky is in the Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, 1495.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ A friar named John Cor was the distiller at Lindores Abbey in the Kingdom of Fife.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ Many Scotch whisky drinkers will refer to a unit for drinking as a dram.", "Irish whiskey __knowledge__ Irish whiskey ( or \"uisce beatha\") is whiskey made on the island of Ireland.", "Irish whiskey __knowledge__ The word \"whiskey\" is an Anglicisation of the first word in the Gaelic phrase, \"uisce beatha\", meaning \"water of life\" (modern Irish: \"uisce beatha\", Scottish: \"uisge\" \"beatha\" and Manx: \"ushtey bea\").", "Irish whiskey __knowledge__ The phrase was a translation of the Latin term aqua vitae, which was commonly used to describe distilled spirits during the Middle Ages.", "Irish whiskey __knowledge__ Peat is rarely used in the malting process, so that Irish whiskey has a smoother finish as opposed to the smoky, earthy overtones common to some Scotches.", "Irish whiskey __knowledge__ There are notable exceptions to these rules in both countries; an example is Connemara peated Irish malt (double distilled) whiskey from the Cooley Distillery in Riverstown, Cooley, County Louth.", "Whisky __knowledge__ Whisky or whiskey is a type of distilled alcoholic beverage made from fermented grain mash.", "Whisky __knowledge__ Various grains (which may be malted) are used for different varieties, including barley, corn (maize), rye, and wheat.", "Whisky __knowledge__ Whisky is typically aged in wooden casks, generally made of charred white oak.", "Whisky __knowledge__ Whisky is a strictly regulated spirit worldwide with many classes and types.", "Whisky __knowledge__ The typical unifying characteristics of the different classes and types are the fermentation of grains, distillation, and aging in wooden barrels.", "Whisky __knowledge__ The word \"whiskey\" (or \"whisky\") is an anglicisation of the Classical Gaelic word \"uisce\" (or \"uisge\") meaning \"water\" (now written as \"uisce\" in Irish Gaelic, and \"uisge\" in Scottish Gaelic).", "Scotch-Irish Americans __knowledge__ Scotch-Irish (or Scots-Irish) Americans are American descendants of Presbyterian and other Ulster Protestant Dissenters from various parts of Ireland, but usually from the province of Ulster, who migrated to North America during the 18th and 19th centuries.", "Scotch-Irish Americans __knowledge__ While an estimated 36 million Americans (12% of the total population) reported Irish ancestry in 2006, and 6 million (2% of the population) reported Scottish ancestry, an additional 5.4 million (1.8% of the population) identified more specifically with Scotch-Irish ancestry.", "Scotch-Irish Americans __knowledge__ The term \"Scotch-Irish\" is used primarily in the United States, with people in Great Britain or Ireland who are of a similar ancestry identifying as Ulster Scots people.", "Blended whiskey __knowledge__ A blended whiskey (or blended whisky) is the product of blending different types of whiskeys and sometimes also neutral grain spirits, coloring, and flavorings.", "Blended whiskey __knowledge__ It is generally the product of mixing one or more higher-quality straight or single malt whiskies with less expensive spirits and other ingredients.", "Blended whiskey __knowledge__ This allows for a lower priced product, though expensive \"premium\" varieties also exist.", "Blended whiskey __knowledge__ Some examples of blended whiskey include Canadian Mist, Jameson Irish Whiskey, Seagram's Seven American whiskey, the premium Japanese brand Hibiki and the various Scotch whisky blends sold under the Johnnie Walker brand.", "Tennessee whiskey __knowledge__ Tennessee whiskey is straight whiskey produced in Tennessee.", "Tennessee whiskey __knowledge__ Although it has been legally defined as a bourbon whiskey in some international trade agreements, most current producers of Tennessee whiskey disclaim references to their products as \"bourbon\" and do not label them as such on any of their bottles or advertising materials.", "Tennessee whiskey __knowledge__ All current producers are required by Tennessee law to produce their whiskey in Tennessee and, with the sole exception of Benjamin Prichard's, to also use a filtering step known as the Lincoln County Process prior to aging the whiskey.", "Tennessee whiskey __knowledge__ Beyond perceived marketing value of the distinction, Tennessee whiskey and bourbon have almost identical requirements and most Tennessee whiskeys meet the criteria for bourbon.", "Powers (whiskey) __knowledge__ Powers is a brand of Irish whiskey.", "Powers (whiskey) __knowledge__ Historically a single pot still whiskey, the flagship \"Powers Gold Label\" brand was reformulated as a blend of triple-distilled pot still and grain whiskeys during the twentieth century.", "Powers (whiskey) __knowledge__ However, in recent years, several single pot still variants have been relaunched under the Powers label.", "Powers (whiskey) __knowledge__ Historically, Powers Gold Label was the best selling whiskey in Ireland, and as of 2006 still is.", "Powers (whiskey) __knowledge__ In 1791 James Power, an innkeeper from Dublin, established a small distillery at his public house at 109 Thomas St., Dublin.", "Powers (whiskey) __knowledge__ The distillery, which had an output of about 6,000 gallons in its first year of operation, initially traded as James Power and Son, but by 1822 had become John Power & Son, and had moved to a new premises at John's Lane, a side street off Thomas Street.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ A referendum on Scottish independence from the United Kingdom took place on 18 September 2014.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The referendum question, which voters answered with \"Yes\" or \"No\", was \"Should Scotland be an independent country?\"", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The \"No\" side won, with 2,001,926 (55.3%) voting against independence and 1,617,989 (44.7%) voting in favour.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The turnout of 84.6% was the highest recorded for an election or referendum in the United Kingdom since the introduction of universal suffrage.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The Scottish Independence Referendum Act 2013, setting out the arrangements for the referendum, was passed by the Scottish Parliament in November 2013, following an agreement between the Scottish Government and the United Kingdom government.", "Bourbon whiskey __knowledge__ Bourbon whiskey is a type of American whiskey, a barrel-aged distilled spirit made primarily from corn.", "Bourbon whiskey __knowledge__ The name derives from the French Bourbon dynasty, although the precise inspiration for the whiskey's name is unsettled; contenders include Bourbon County in Kentucky and Bourbon Street in New Orleans).", "Bourbon whiskey __knowledge__ Bourbon has been distilled since the 18th century.", "Bourbon whiskey __knowledge__ The use of the term \"bourbon\" for the whiskey has been traced to the 1820s, and the term began to be used consistently in Kentucky in the 1870s.", "Bourbon whiskey __knowledge__ While bourbon may be made anywhere in the United States, it is strongly associated with the American South, and with Kentucky in particular.", "Nintendo 3DS sales __knowledge__ As of June 30, 2017, Nintendo reports 67 million Nintendo 3DS units have been sold worldwide.", "Nintendo 3DS sales __knowledge__ Prior to its launch, Amazon UK announced that the Nintendo 3DS was their most pre-ordered video game system ever.", "Nintendo 3DS sales __knowledge__ Nintendo of America announced that the number of pre-orders were double the number of pre-orders for the Wii.", "Nintendo 3DS sales __knowledge__ The system launched in Japan on February 26, 2011, and sold its entire allotment of 400,000 Nintendo 3DS units during its release in amid reports of major queues outside retailers and pre-order sellouts.", "Nintendo 3DS sales __knowledge__ During that week 119,591 copies of \"Professor Layton and the Miracle Mask\" were sold, making it the best-selling Nintendo 3DS launch title in Japan, and the third best-selling title from any system in that week.", "Scotland __knowledge__ Scotland (; Scots: ; ) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and covers the northern third of the island of Great Britain.", "Scotland __knowledge__ It shares a border with England to the south, and is otherwise surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, with the North Sea to the east and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the south-west.", "Scotland __knowledge__ In addition to the mainland, the country is made up of more than 790 islands, including the Northern Isles and the Hebrides.", "Scotland __knowledge__ The Kingdom of Scotland emerged as an independent sovereign state in the Early Middle Ages and continued to exist until 1707.", "Scotland __knowledge__ By inheritance in 1603, James VI, King of Scots, became King of England and King of Ireland, thus forming a personal union of the three kingdoms." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ Scotch whisky (; often simply called Scotch) is malt whisky or grain whisky made in Scotland.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ Scotch whisky must be made in a manner specified by law.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ All Scotch whisky was originally made from malted barley.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ Commercial distilleries began introducing whisky made from wheat and rye in the late 18th century.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ Scotch whisky is divided into five distinct categories: single malt Scotch whisky, single grain Scotch whisky, blended malt Scotch whisky (formerly called \"vatted malt\" or \"pure malt\"), blended grain Scotch whisky, and blended Scotch whisky.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ All Scotch whisky must be aged in oak barrels for at least three years.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ Any age statement on a bottle of Scotch whisky, expressed in numerical form, must reflect the age of the youngest whisky used to produce that product.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ A whisky with an age statement is known as guaranteed-age whisky.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ A whisky without an age statement is known as a no age statement (NAS) whisky, the only guarantee being that all whisky contained in that bottle is at least three years old.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ The first written mention of Scotch whisky is in the Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, 1495.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ A friar named John Cor was the distiller at Lindores Abbey in the Kingdom of Fife.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ Many Scotch whisky drinkers will refer to a unit for drinking as a dram.", "Whisky __knowledge__ Whisky or whiskey is a type of distilled alcoholic beverage made from fermented grain mash.", "Whisky __knowledge__ Various grains (which may be malted) are used for different varieties, including barley, corn (maize), rye, and wheat.", "Whisky __knowledge__ Whisky is typically aged in wooden casks, generally made of charred white oak.", "Whisky __knowledge__ Whisky is a strictly regulated spirit worldwide with many classes and types.", "Whisky __knowledge__ The typical unifying characteristics of the different classes and types are the fermentation of grains, distillation, and aging in wooden barrels.", "Whisky __knowledge__ The word \"whiskey\" (or \"whisky\") is an anglicisation of the Classical Gaelic word \"uisce\" (or \"uisge\") meaning \"water\" (now written as \"uisce\" in Irish Gaelic, and \"uisge\" in Scottish Gaelic).", "Irish whiskey __knowledge__ Irish whiskey ( or \"uisce beatha\") is whiskey made on the island of Ireland.", "Irish whiskey __knowledge__ The word \"whiskey\" is an Anglicisation of the first word in the Gaelic phrase, \"uisce beatha\", meaning \"water of life\" (modern Irish: \"uisce beatha\", Scottish: \"uisge\" \"beatha\" and Manx: \"ushtey bea\").", "Irish whiskey __knowledge__ The phrase was a translation of the Latin term aqua vitae, which was commonly used to describe distilled spirits during the Middle Ages.", "Irish whiskey __knowledge__ Peat is rarely used in the malting process, so that Irish whiskey has a smoother finish as opposed to the smoky, earthy overtones common to some Scotches.", "Irish whiskey __knowledge__ There are notable exceptions to these rules in both countries; an example is Connemara peated Irish malt (double distilled) whiskey from the Cooley Distillery in Riverstown, Cooley, County Louth.", "Scotch-Irish Americans __knowledge__ Scotch-Irish (or Scots-Irish) Americans are American descendants of Presbyterian and other Ulster Protestant Dissenters from various parts of Ireland, but usually from the province of Ulster, who migrated to North America during the 18th and 19th centuries.", "Scotch-Irish Americans __knowledge__ While an estimated 36 million Americans (12% of the total population) reported Irish ancestry in 2006, and 6 million (2% of the population) reported Scottish ancestry, an additional 5.4 million (1.8% of the population) identified more specifically with Scotch-Irish ancestry.", "Scotch-Irish Americans __knowledge__ The term \"Scotch-Irish\" is used primarily in the United States, with people in Great Britain or Ireland who are of a similar ancestry identifying as Ulster Scots people.", "Powers (whiskey) __knowledge__ Powers is a brand of Irish whiskey.", "Powers (whiskey) __knowledge__ Historically a single pot still whiskey, the flagship \"Powers Gold Label\" brand was reformulated as a blend of triple-distilled pot still and grain whiskeys during the twentieth century.", "Powers (whiskey) __knowledge__ However, in recent years, several single pot still variants have been relaunched under the Powers label.", "Powers (whiskey) __knowledge__ Historically, Powers Gold Label was the best selling whiskey in Ireland, and as of 2006 still is.", "Powers (whiskey) __knowledge__ In 1791 James Power, an innkeeper from Dublin, established a small distillery at his public house at 109 Thomas St., Dublin.", "Powers (whiskey) __knowledge__ The distillery, which had an output of about 6,000 gallons in its first year of operation, initially traded as James Power and Son, but by 1822 had become John Power & Son, and had moved to a new premises at John's Lane, a side street off Thomas Street.", "Blended whiskey __knowledge__ A blended whiskey (or blended whisky) is the product of blending different types of whiskeys and sometimes also neutral grain spirits, coloring, and flavorings.", "Blended whiskey __knowledge__ It is generally the product of mixing one or more higher-quality straight or single malt whiskies with less expensive spirits and other ingredients.", "Blended whiskey __knowledge__ This allows for a lower priced product, though expensive \"premium\" varieties also exist.", "Blended whiskey __knowledge__ Some examples of blended whiskey include Canadian Mist, Jameson Irish Whiskey, Seagram's Seven American whiskey, the premium Japanese brand Hibiki and the various Scotch whisky blends sold under the Johnnie Walker brand.", "Nintendo 3DS sales __knowledge__ As of June 30, 2017, Nintendo reports 67 million Nintendo 3DS units have been sold worldwide.", "Nintendo 3DS sales __knowledge__ Prior to its launch, Amazon UK announced that the Nintendo 3DS was their most pre-ordered video game system ever.", "Nintendo 3DS sales __knowledge__ Nintendo of America announced that the number of pre-orders were double the number of pre-orders for the Wii.", "Nintendo 3DS sales __knowledge__ The system launched in Japan on February 26, 2011, and sold its entire allotment of 400,000 Nintendo 3DS units during its release in amid reports of major queues outside retailers and pre-order sellouts.", "Nintendo 3DS sales __knowledge__ During that week 119,591 copies of \"Professor Layton and the Miracle Mask\" were sold, making it the best-selling Nintendo 3DS launch title in Japan, and the third best-selling title from any system in that week.", "G.I. Jeff __knowledge__ \"G.I.", "G.I. Jeff __knowledge__ Jeff\" is the eleventh episode of the fifth season of \"Community\", and the 95th episode overall in the series.", "G.I. Jeff __knowledge__ It originally aired on April 3, 2014 on NBC.", "G.I. Jeff __knowledge__ The episode was written by Dino Stamatopoulos, and directed by Rob Schrab.", "G.I. Jeff __knowledge__ The episode was completed in the animation style of the popular 1980s children's television cartoon, \"\".", "G.I. Jeff __knowledge__ The episode received generally positive reviews, with critics praising the affectionate homage to the childhood cartoon series.", "G.I. Jeff __knowledge__ Despite positive reviews, however, the episode saw season lows of 0.9/3 in the 18-49 rating/share demo and 2.50 million American viewers.", "Tennessee whiskey __knowledge__ Tennessee whiskey is straight whiskey produced in Tennessee.", "Tennessee whiskey __knowledge__ Although it has been legally defined as a bourbon whiskey in some international trade agreements, most current producers of Tennessee whiskey disclaim references to their products as \"bourbon\" and do not label them as such on any of their bottles or advertising materials.", "Tennessee whiskey __knowledge__ All current producers are required by Tennessee law to produce their whiskey in Tennessee and, with the sole exception of Benjamin Prichard's, to also use a filtering step known as the Lincoln County Process prior to aging the whiskey.", "Tennessee whiskey __knowledge__ Beyond perceived marketing value of the distinction, Tennessee whiskey and bourbon have almost identical requirements and most Tennessee whiskeys meet the criteria for bourbon.", "Small batch whiskey __knowledge__ Small batch whiskey is whiskey produced by mixing the contents of a relatively small number of selected barrels.", "Small batch whiskey __knowledge__ Small-batch whiskeys are positioned for the upper-premium market.", "Small batch whiskey __knowledge__ The term is most commonly used for American whiskey, but is sometimes used for other whiskeys as well.", "Small batch whiskey __knowledge__ For example, the Bowmore distillery of Islay, Scotland, has produced a single malt Scotch whiskey labeled as \"small batch\".", "Small batch whiskey __knowledge__ American small batch whiskeys are typically aged from six to nine years in oak barrels, but more limited series aged at least up to 23 years are also available.", "Small batch whiskey __knowledge__ There are generally no clear criteria as to what defines a \"small batch\" – for example, there are no federal regulations that define the use of the term in the United States.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ Mountain Dew (stylized as Mtn Dew) is a carbonated soft drink brand produced and owned by PepsiCo.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ The original formula was invented in 1940 by Tennessee beverage bottlers Barney and Ally Hartman.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ A revised formula was created by Bill Bridgforth in 1958.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ The rights to this formula were obtained by the Tip Corporation of Marion, Virginia.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ William H. \"Bill\" Jones of the Tip corporation further refined the formula, launching that version of Mountain Dew in 1961.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ In August 1964, the Mountain Dew brand and production rights were acquired from Tip by the Pepsi-Cola company, at which point distribution expanded more widely across the United States and Canada.", "Uisce beatha __knowledge__ Uisce beatha () is the name for whiskey in Irish.", "Uisce beatha __knowledge__ The equivalent in Scottish Gaelic is rendered \"uisge-beatha\".", "Uisce beatha __knowledge__ The word \"whisky\" (as spelt in Scotland) or \"whiskey\" (as spelt in Ireland) itself is simply an anglicised version of this phrase, stemming from a mispronunciation of the word \"uisce\" in Ireland or \"uisge\" in Scotland.", "Uisce beatha __knowledge__ It should be remembered that Irish and Scots Gaelic developed as unwritten languages and had no standard spelling until more modern times so the difference in spelling likely has little to with mispronunciation.", "Uisce beatha __knowledge__ This development may in turn have influenced the Modern Irish word \"fuisce\" (\"whiskey\").", "Uisce (album) __knowledge__ Uisce (pronounced ish-ka) was the name of the first and only album by Australian hard rock band Non-Intentional Lifeform.", "Uisce (album) __knowledge__ \"Uisce\" is the Gaelic word for water; the band's singer, Declan de Barra is from Ireland.", "Craps __knowledge__ Craps is a dice game in which the players make wagers on the outcome of the roll, or a series of rolls, of a pair of dice.", "Craps __knowledge__ Players may wager money against each other (playing \"street craps\", also known as \"shooting dice,\" \"rolling bones,\" or any combination thereof) or a bank (playing \"casino craps\", also known as \"table craps\", or often just \"craps\").", "Craps __knowledge__ Because it requires little equipment, \"street craps\" can be played in informal settings.", "Craps __knowledge__ Craps developed from a simplification of the early English game of \"hazard\".", "Craps __knowledge__ Its origins are complex and may date to the Crusades, later being influenced by French gamblers.", "Ireland __knowledge__ Ireland (; ; Ulster-Scots: ) is an island in the North Atlantic.", "Ireland __knowledge__ It is separated from Great Britain to its east by the North Channel, the Irish Sea, and St George's Channel.", "Ireland __knowledge__ Ireland is the third-largest island in Europe.", "Ireland __knowledge__ It is the second largest island in the British Isles, after Great Britain.", "Ireland __knowledge__ Politically, Ireland is divided between the Republic of Ireland (officially named Ireland), which covers five-sixths of the island, and Northern Ireland, which is part of the United Kingdom, in the northeast of the island.", "Ireland __knowledge__ In 2011, the population of Ireland was about 6.6 million, ranking it the second-most populous island in Europe after Great Britain.", "Betting in poker __knowledge__ In the game of poker, the play largely centers on the act of betting, and as such, a protocol has been developed to speed up play, lessen confusion, and increase security while playing.", "Betting in poker __knowledge__ Different games are played using different types of bets, and small variations in etiquette exist between cardrooms, but for the most part the following rules and protocol are observed by the majority of poker players.", "Betting in poker __knowledge__ Players in a poker game act in turn, in clockwise rotation (acting out of turn can negatively affect other players).", "Betting in poker __knowledge__ When it is a player's turn to act, the first verbal declaration or action they take binds them to their choice of action; this rule prevents a player from changing their action after seeing how other players react to their initial, verbal action.", "Moonshine __knowledge__ Moonshine was originally a slang term for high-proof distilled spirits usually produced illicitly, without government authorization.", "Moonshine __knowledge__ In recent years, however, moonshine has been legalized in various countries and has become a commercial product.", "Moonshine __knowledge__ Legal in the United States since 2010, moonshine is defined as \"clear, unaged whiskey\", typically made with corn mash as its main ingredient.", "Moonshine __knowledge__ Liquor-control laws in the United States always applied to moonshine, with efforts accelerated during the total ban on alcohol production mandated under the 18th Amendment of the Constitution.", "Moonshine __knowledge__ Since its repeal, and moonshine's recent legalization, they focus on evasion of revenue taxation on spiritous or intoxicating liquors.", "Thomond __knowledge__ Thomond (; Modern Irish: \"Tuamhain\") was a kingdom of Gaelic Ireland, associated geographically with present-day County Clare and County Limerick, as well as parts of County Tipperary.", "Thomond __knowledge__ The kingdom represented the core homeland of the Dál gCais people, although there were other ethnic groups in the area such as the Éile, Éile, Eóganachta, and Norse of Limerick.", "Thomond __knowledge__ It existed from the collapse of the Kingdom of Munster in the 12th century as competition between the Ó Briain and the Mac Cárthaigh led to the schism between Thomond (North Munster) and Desmond (South Munster).", "Thomond __knowledge__ It continued to exist outside of the Anglo-Norman controlled Lordship of Ireland until the 16th century.", "Scottish Gaelic __knowledge__ Scottish Gaelic or Scots Gaelic, sometimes also referred to simply as Gaelic ( ) or the Gaelic, is a Celtic language native to the Gaels of Scotland.", "Scottish Gaelic __knowledge__ A member of the Goidelic branch of the Celtic languages, Scottish Gaelic, like Modern Irish and Manx, developed out of Middle Irish.", "Scottish Gaelic __knowledge__ Most of modern Scotland was once Gaelic-speaking, as evidenced especially by Gaelic-language placenames.", "Scottish Gaelic __knowledge__ In the 2011 census of Scotland, 57,375 people (1.1% of the Scottish population aged over three years old) reported as able to speak Gaelic, 1,275 fewer than in 2001.", "Scottish Gaelic __knowledge__ The highest percentages of Gaelic speakers were in the Outer Hebrides." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ Scotch whisky (; often simply called Scotch) is malt whisky or grain whisky made in Scotland.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ Scotch whisky must be made in a manner specified by law.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ All Scotch whisky was originally made from malted barley.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ Commercial distilleries began introducing whisky made from wheat and rye in the late 18th century.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ Scotch whisky is divided into five distinct categories: single malt Scotch whisky, single grain Scotch whisky, blended malt Scotch whisky (formerly called \"vatted malt\" or \"pure malt\"), blended grain Scotch whisky, and blended Scotch whisky.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ All Scotch whisky must be aged in oak barrels for at least three years.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ Any age statement on a bottle of Scotch whisky, expressed in numerical form, must reflect the age of the youngest whisky used to produce that product.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ A whisky with an age statement is known as guaranteed-age whisky.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ A whisky without an age statement is known as a no age statement (NAS) whisky, the only guarantee being that all whisky contained in that bottle is at least three years old.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ The first written mention of Scotch whisky is in the Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, 1495.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ A friar named John Cor was the distiller at Lindores Abbey in the Kingdom of Fife.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ Many Scotch whisky drinkers will refer to a unit for drinking as a dram.", "Irish whiskey __knowledge__ Irish whiskey ( or \"uisce beatha\") is whiskey made on the island of Ireland.", "Irish whiskey __knowledge__ The word \"whiskey\" is an Anglicisation of the first word in the Gaelic phrase, \"uisce beatha\", meaning \"water of life\" (modern Irish: \"uisce beatha\", Scottish: \"uisge\" \"beatha\" and Manx: \"ushtey bea\").", "Irish whiskey __knowledge__ The phrase was a translation of the Latin term aqua vitae, which was commonly used to describe distilled spirits during the Middle Ages.", "Irish whiskey __knowledge__ Peat is rarely used in the malting process, so that Irish whiskey has a smoother finish as opposed to the smoky, earthy overtones common to some Scotches.", "Irish whiskey __knowledge__ There are notable exceptions to these rules in both countries; an example is Connemara peated Irish malt (double distilled) whiskey from the Cooley Distillery in Riverstown, Cooley, County Louth.", "Whisky __knowledge__ Whisky or whiskey is a type of distilled alcoholic beverage made from fermented grain mash.", "Whisky __knowledge__ Various grains (which may be malted) are used for different varieties, including barley, corn (maize), rye, and wheat.", "Whisky __knowledge__ Whisky is typically aged in wooden casks, generally made of charred white oak.", "Whisky __knowledge__ Whisky is a strictly regulated spirit worldwide with many classes and types.", "Whisky __knowledge__ The typical unifying characteristics of the different classes and types are the fermentation of grains, distillation, and aging in wooden barrels.", "Whisky __knowledge__ The word \"whiskey\" (or \"whisky\") is an anglicisation of the Classical Gaelic word \"uisce\" (or \"uisge\") meaning \"water\" (now written as \"uisce\" in Irish Gaelic, and \"uisge\" in Scottish Gaelic).", "Jones Road Distillery __knowledge__ The Dublin Whiskey Distillery Company Jones Road Distillery also known as the D.W.D.", "Jones Road Distillery __knowledge__ Distillery, Jones Road, or just Jones Road Distillery, was one of the six great Irish whiskey distilleries of Dublin city visited and documented by Alfred Barnard in his seminal 1887 publication \"The Whisky Distilleries of the United Kingdom\".", "Jones Road Distillery __knowledge__ It was located on the north side of the city on the banks of the river Tolka, approximately a mile north of the city centre.", "Jones Road Distillery __knowledge__ The distillery was built by the Dublin Whiskey Distillery Company Ltd and the Irish whiskey produced sold around the world under the brand name D.W.D.", "Ireland __knowledge__ Ireland (; ; Ulster-Scots: ) is an island in the North Atlantic.", "Ireland __knowledge__ It is separated from Great Britain to its east by the North Channel, the Irish Sea, and St George's Channel.", "Ireland __knowledge__ Ireland is the third-largest island in Europe.", "Ireland __knowledge__ It is the second largest island in the British Isles, after Great Britain.", "Ireland __knowledge__ Politically, Ireland is divided between the Republic of Ireland (officially named Ireland), which covers five-sixths of the island, and Northern Ireland, which is part of the United Kingdom, in the northeast of the island.", "Ireland __knowledge__ In 2011, the population of Ireland was about 6.6 million, ranking it the second-most populous island in Europe after Great Britain.", "Jameson Irish Whiskey __knowledge__ Jameson is a blended Irish whiskey produced by the Irish Distillers subsidiary of Pernod Ricard.", "Jameson Irish Whiskey __knowledge__ The John Jameson and Son Irish Whiskey company was formally established in 1810 when John Jameson and his son (also John Jameson) took ownership of the Bow Street Distillery in Dublin which had originally been built by his wife's cousins the Steins in 1780.", "Jameson Irish Whiskey __knowledge__ Jameson was a Scottish lawyer from Alloa in Clackmannanshire who had married Margaret Haig, a sister of the Haig brothers who owned the Haig distilleries.", "Jameson Irish Whiskey __knowledge__ Margaret Haig was a first cousin of the Steins, a Scottish distilling family, also from Clackmannanshire, with significant distilling interests in Scotland and Dublin.", "Blended whiskey __knowledge__ A blended whiskey (or blended whisky) is the product of blending different types of whiskeys and sometimes also neutral grain spirits, coloring, and flavorings.", "Blended whiskey __knowledge__ It is generally the product of mixing one or more higher-quality straight or single malt whiskies with less expensive spirits and other ingredients.", "Blended whiskey __knowledge__ This allows for a lower priced product, though expensive \"premium\" varieties also exist.", "Blended whiskey __knowledge__ Some examples of blended whiskey include Canadian Mist, Jameson Irish Whiskey, Seagram's Seven American whiskey, the premium Japanese brand Hibiki and the various Scotch whisky blends sold under the Johnnie Walker brand.", "Jameson Experience, Midleton __knowledge__ The Jameson Experience, Midleton, (also known as the Old Midleton Distillery) is an Irish whiskey museum and visitor centre located in the Old Midleton Distillery in Midleton, County Cork, Ireland.", "Jameson Experience, Midleton __knowledge__ Set over 15 acres, since opening as a visitor's centre in 1992, the old distillery has received approximately 100,000 guests per year, receiving 125,000 in 2015.", "Jameson Experience, Midleton __knowledge__ The Old Midleton Distillery in which the Jameson Experience is located began life as a woollen mill, before being converted to a military barracks and subsequently a distillery in 1825.", "Jameson Experience, Midleton __knowledge__ The distillery operated until 1975, when a new distillery was constructed alongside it to house the consolidated operations of three former whiskey-making rivals, John Jameson & Son, John Powers & Son, and Cork Distilleries Company (owners of the Midlelton Distillery), who had come together to form Irish Distillers in 1966.", "Powers (whiskey) __knowledge__ Powers is a brand of Irish whiskey.", "Powers (whiskey) __knowledge__ Historically a single pot still whiskey, the flagship \"Powers Gold Label\" brand was reformulated as a blend of triple-distilled pot still and grain whiskeys during the twentieth century.", "Powers (whiskey) __knowledge__ However, in recent years, several single pot still variants have been relaunched under the Powers label.", "Powers (whiskey) __knowledge__ Historically, Powers Gold Label was the best selling whiskey in Ireland, and as of 2006 still is.", "Powers (whiskey) __knowledge__ In 1791 James Power, an innkeeper from Dublin, established a small distillery at his public house at 109 Thomas St., Dublin.", "Powers (whiskey) __knowledge__ The distillery, which had an output of about 6,000 gallons in its first year of operation, initially traded as James Power and Son, but by 1822 had become John Power & Son, and had moved to a new premises at John's Lane, a side street off Thomas Street.", "Scotch-Irish Americans __knowledge__ Scotch-Irish (or Scots-Irish) Americans are American descendants of Presbyterian and other Ulster Protestant Dissenters from various parts of Ireland, but usually from the province of Ulster, who migrated to North America during the 18th and 19th centuries.", "Scotch-Irish Americans __knowledge__ While an estimated 36 million Americans (12% of the total population) reported Irish ancestry in 2006, and 6 million (2% of the population) reported Scottish ancestry, an additional 5.4 million (1.8% of the population) identified more specifically with Scotch-Irish ancestry.", "Scotch-Irish Americans __knowledge__ The term \"Scotch-Irish\" is used primarily in the United States, with people in Great Britain or Ireland who are of a similar ancestry identifying as Ulster Scots people.", "Old Tullamore Distillery __knowledge__ The Old Tullamore Distillery was an Irish whiskey distillery which was established in Tullamore, County Offaly, Ireland, in 1829.", "Old Tullamore Distillery __knowledge__ The original home of Tullamore Dew Irish whiskey, the distillery closed in 1954, having endured financial difficulties for many years, like many Irish whiskey distilleries of the early 20th century.", "Old Tullamore Distillery __knowledge__ The Tullamore Dew brand was later sold to John Powers & Co., now part of Irish Distillers, with production transferred to the Midleton Distillery.", "Old Tullamore Distillery __knowledge__ In 2010, the brand was purchased by William Grant & Sons, who invested €35 million in the construction of a new distillery in Tullamore.", "Redbreast (whiskey) __knowledge__ Redbreast is a brand of single pot still Irish Whiskey produced by Irish Distillers.", "Redbreast (whiskey) __knowledge__ It was originally produced by Gilbey's, a Dublin spirits merchants using distillate sourced from Jameson's Bow Street Distillery.", "Redbreast (whiskey) __knowledge__ However, in the 1980s, the brand was purchased by Irish Distillers, the producers of Jameson Irish whiskey.", "Redbreast (whiskey) __knowledge__ It is the largest selling single pot still Irish whiskey in the world.", "Redbreast (whiskey) __knowledge__ As of 2016, there are five variants are available: W & A Gilbey was founded in London in 1857, and by 1861 had opened a branch on what is now O'Connell Street in Dublin.", "Redbreast (whiskey) __knowledge__ At the time, it was customary for distilleries to sell distillate to wine merchants or \"bonders\", who having ample supply of casks through the importation of fortified wines, would mature the whiskey themselves under bond." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ Scotch whisky (; often simply called Scotch) is malt whisky or grain whisky made in Scotland.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ Scotch whisky must be made in a manner specified by law.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ All Scotch whisky was originally made from malted barley.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ Commercial distilleries began introducing whisky made from wheat and rye in the late 18th century.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ Scotch whisky is divided into five distinct categories: single malt Scotch whisky, single grain Scotch whisky, blended malt Scotch whisky (formerly called \"vatted malt\" or \"pure malt\"), blended grain Scotch whisky, and blended Scotch whisky.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ All Scotch whisky must be aged in oak barrels for at least three years.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ Any age statement on a bottle of Scotch whisky, expressed in numerical form, must reflect the age of the youngest whisky used to produce that product.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ A whisky with an age statement is known as guaranteed-age whisky.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ A whisky without an age statement is known as a no age statement (NAS) whisky, the only guarantee being that all whisky contained in that bottle is at least three years old.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ The first written mention of Scotch whisky is in the Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, 1495.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ A friar named John Cor was the distiller at Lindores Abbey in the Kingdom of Fife.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ Many Scotch whisky drinkers will refer to a unit for drinking as a dram.", "Irish whiskey __knowledge__ Irish whiskey ( or \"uisce beatha\") is whiskey made on the island of Ireland.", "Irish whiskey __knowledge__ The word \"whiskey\" is an Anglicisation of the first word in the Gaelic phrase, \"uisce beatha\", meaning \"water of life\" (modern Irish: \"uisce beatha\", Scottish: \"uisge\" \"beatha\" and Manx: \"ushtey bea\").", "Irish whiskey __knowledge__ The phrase was a translation of the Latin term aqua vitae, which was commonly used to describe distilled spirits during the Middle Ages.", "Irish whiskey __knowledge__ Peat is rarely used in the malting process, so that Irish whiskey has a smoother finish as opposed to the smoky, earthy overtones common to some Scotches.", "Irish whiskey __knowledge__ There are notable exceptions to these rules in both countries; an example is Connemara peated Irish malt (double distilled) whiskey from the Cooley Distillery in Riverstown, Cooley, County Louth.", "Single malt whisky __knowledge__ Single malt whisky is malt whisky from a single distillery, that is, whisky distilled from fermented mash made exclusively with malted barley, as distinguished from unmalted grain.", "Single malt whisky __knowledge__ Single malts are typically associated with single malt Scotch, though they are also produced in various other countries.", "Single malt whisky __knowledge__ Under Scotch Whisky Regulations, a \"Single Malt Scotch Whisky\" must be made exclusively from malted barley (although the addition of E150A caramel colouring is allowed), must be distilled using pot stills at a single distillery, and must be aged for at least three years in oak casks of a capacity not exceeding .", "Whisky __knowledge__ Whisky or whiskey is a type of distilled alcoholic beverage made from fermented grain mash.", "Whisky __knowledge__ Various grains (which may be malted) are used for different varieties, including barley, corn (maize), rye, and wheat.", "Whisky __knowledge__ Whisky is typically aged in wooden casks, generally made of charred white oak.", "Whisky __knowledge__ Whisky is a strictly regulated spirit worldwide with many classes and types.", "Whisky __knowledge__ The typical unifying characteristics of the different classes and types are the fermentation of grains, distillation, and aging in wooden barrels.", "Whisky __knowledge__ The word \"whiskey\" (or \"whisky\") is an anglicisation of the Classical Gaelic word \"uisce\" (or \"uisge\") meaning \"water\" (now written as \"uisce\" in Irish Gaelic, and \"uisge\" in Scottish Gaelic).", "Grain whisky __knowledge__ Grain whisky ordinarily refers to any whisky made, at least in part, from grains other than malted barley, such as whisky made using maize (corn), wheat or rye.", "Grain whisky __knowledge__ Grain whiskies usually also contain some malted barley to provide enzymes needed for mashing, and are required to include it if produced in Ireland or Scotland.", "Grain whisky __knowledge__ Whisky made from only malted barley is generally called malt whisky rather than grain whisky.", "Grain whisky __knowledge__ Most American and Canadian whiskies are grain whiskies.", "Grain whisky __knowledge__ Under the regulations governing the production of both Irish and Scotch whisky, \"malt whisky\" must be produced from a mash of 100% malted barley, and must be distilled in a pot still.", "Malt whisky __knowledge__ Malt whisky is whisky that is made from a fermented mash consisting primarily of malted barley.", "Malt whisky __knowledge__ If the product is made exclusively at a single distillery (along with other restrictions), it is typically called a single malt whisky.", "Malt whisky __knowledge__ Although whisky can be made using other malted grains, they are not called \"malt whisky\" without specifying the grain, such as one made with rye being called rye malt whisky.", "Malt whisky __knowledge__ The exact definitions of \"malt whisky\" and \"single malt whisky\" and the restrictions governing their production vary according to the regulations governing the marketing of whisky in the local jurisdiction.", "Beer __knowledge__ Beer is one of the oldest and most widely consumed alcoholic drinks in the world, and the third most popular drink overall after water and tea.", "Beer __knowledge__ Beer is brewed from cereal grains—most commonly from malted barley, though wheat, maize (corn), and rice are also used.", "Beer __knowledge__ During the brewing process, fermentation of the starch sugars in the wort produces ethanol and carbonation in the resulting beer.", "Beer __knowledge__ Most modern beer is brewed with hops, which add bitterness and other flavours and act as a natural preservative and stabilizing agent.", "Beer __knowledge__ Other flavouring agents such as gruit, herbs, or fruits may be included or used instead of hops.", "Malt __knowledge__ Malt is germinated cereal grains that have been dried in a process known as \"malting\".", "Malt __knowledge__ The grains are made to germinate by soaking in water, and are then halted from germinating further by drying with hot air.", "Malt __knowledge__ Malting grains develops the enzymes required for modifying the grain's starches into various types of sugar, including the monosaccharide glucose, the disaccharide maltose, the trisaccharide maltotriose, and higher sugars called maltodextrines.", "Malt __knowledge__ It also develops other enzymes, such as proteases, which break down the proteins in the grain into forms that can be used by yeast.", "Malt __knowledge__ Depending on when the malting process is stopped one gets a preferred starch enzyme ratio and partly converted starch into fermentable sugars.", "Single pot still whiskey __knowledge__ Single pot still whiskey is a style of Irish whiskey made by a single distillery from a mixed mash of malted and unmalted barley distilled in a pot still.", "Single pot still whiskey __knowledge__ Somewhat similar to single malt whiskey, the style was defined by its inclusion of unmalted raw barley in the mash in addition to malt.", "Single pot still whiskey __knowledge__ However, on occasion, small amounts of raw oats or wheat may also have been used.", "Single pot still whiskey __knowledge__ This unmalted component is said to give single pot whiskey a \"spicier bristle\" and \"thicker texture\" than the otherwise similar single malt whiskeys.", "Single pot still whiskey __knowledge__ If the whiskey is not distilled totally on the site of a single distillery, then it may be termed \"pot still whiskey\", but not \"single pot still whiskey\".", "Brewing __knowledge__ Brewing is the production of beer by steeping a starch source (commonly cereal grains, the most popular of which is barley) in water and fermenting the resulting sweet liquid with yeast.", "Brewing __knowledge__ It may be done in a brewery by a commercial brewer, at home by a homebrewer, or by a variety of traditional methods such as communally by the indigenous peoples in Brazil when making cauim.", "Brewing __knowledge__ Brewing has taken place since around the 6th millennium BC, and archaeological evidence suggests that emerging civilizations including ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia brewed beer.", "Brewing __knowledge__ Since the nineteenth century the brewing industry has been part of most western economies.", "Redbreast (whiskey) __knowledge__ Redbreast is a brand of single pot still Irish Whiskey produced by Irish Distillers.", "Redbreast (whiskey) __knowledge__ It was originally produced by Gilbey's, a Dublin spirits merchants using distillate sourced from Jameson's Bow Street Distillery.", "Redbreast (whiskey) __knowledge__ However, in the 1980s, the brand was purchased by Irish Distillers, the producers of Jameson Irish whiskey.", "Redbreast (whiskey) __knowledge__ It is the largest selling single pot still Irish whiskey in the world.", "Redbreast (whiskey) __knowledge__ As of 2016, there are five variants are available: W & A Gilbey was founded in London in 1857, and by 1861 had opened a branch on what is now O'Connell Street in Dublin.", "Redbreast (whiskey) __knowledge__ At the time, it was customary for distilleries to sell distillate to wine merchants or \"bonders\", who having ample supply of casks through the importation of fortified wines, would mature the whiskey themselves under bond.", "Peat __knowledge__ Peat (), also called turf (), is an accumulation of partially decayed vegetation or organic matter that is unique to natural areas called peatlands, bogs, mires, moors, or muskegs.", "Peat __knowledge__ The peatland ecosystem is the most efficient carbon sink on the planet, because peatland plants capture CO naturally released from the peat, maintaining an equilibrium.", "Peat __knowledge__ In natural peatlands, the \"annual rate of biomass production is greater than the rate of decomposition\", but it takes \"thousands of years for peatlands to develop the deposits of , which is the average depth of the boreal [northern] peatlands\".", "Peat __knowledge__ \"Sphagnum\" moss, also called peat moss, is one of the most common components in peat, although many other plants can contribute.", "Ireland __knowledge__ Ireland (; ; Ulster-Scots: ) is an island in the North Atlantic.", "Ireland __knowledge__ It is separated from Great Britain to its east by the North Channel, the Irish Sea, and St George's Channel.", "Ireland __knowledge__ Ireland is the third-largest island in Europe.", "Ireland __knowledge__ It is the second largest island in the British Isles, after Great Britain.", "Ireland __knowledge__ Politically, Ireland is divided between the Republic of Ireland (officially named Ireland), which covers five-sixths of the island, and Northern Ireland, which is part of the United Kingdom, in the northeast of the island.", "Ireland __knowledge__ In 2011, the population of Ireland was about 6.6 million, ranking it the second-most populous island in Europe after Great Britain.", "Jameson Irish Whiskey __knowledge__ Jameson is a blended Irish whiskey produced by the Irish Distillers subsidiary of Pernod Ricard.", "Jameson Irish Whiskey __knowledge__ The John Jameson and Son Irish Whiskey company was formally established in 1810 when John Jameson and his son (also John Jameson) took ownership of the Bow Street Distillery in Dublin which had originally been built by his wife's cousins the Steins in 1780.", "Jameson Irish Whiskey __knowledge__ Jameson was a Scottish lawyer from Alloa in Clackmannanshire who had married Margaret Haig, a sister of the Haig brothers who owned the Haig distilleries.", "Jameson Irish Whiskey __knowledge__ Margaret Haig was a first cousin of the Steins, a Scottish distilling family, also from Clackmannanshire, with significant distilling interests in Scotland and Dublin.", "Jones Road Distillery __knowledge__ The Dublin Whiskey Distillery Company Jones Road Distillery also known as the D.W.D.", "Jones Road Distillery __knowledge__ Distillery, Jones Road, or just Jones Road Distillery, was one of the six great Irish whiskey distilleries of Dublin city visited and documented by Alfred Barnard in his seminal 1887 publication \"The Whisky Distilleries of the United Kingdom\".", "Jones Road Distillery __knowledge__ It was located on the north side of the city on the banks of the river Tolka, approximately a mile north of the city centre.", "Jones Road Distillery __knowledge__ The distillery was built by the Dublin Whiskey Distillery Company Ltd and the Irish whiskey produced sold around the world under the brand name D.W.D.", "Powers (whiskey) __knowledge__ Powers is a brand of Irish whiskey.", "Powers (whiskey) __knowledge__ Historically a single pot still whiskey, the flagship \"Powers Gold Label\" brand was reformulated as a blend of triple-distilled pot still and grain whiskeys during the twentieth century.", "Powers (whiskey) __knowledge__ However, in recent years, several single pot still variants have been relaunched under the Powers label.", "Powers (whiskey) __knowledge__ Historically, Powers Gold Label was the best selling whiskey in Ireland, and as of 2006 still is.", "Powers (whiskey) __knowledge__ In 1791 James Power, an innkeeper from Dublin, established a small distillery at his public house at 109 Thomas St., Dublin.", "Powers (whiskey) __knowledge__ The distillery, which had an output of about 6,000 gallons in its first year of operation, initially traded as James Power and Son, but by 1822 had become John Power & Son, and had moved to a new premises at John's Lane, a side street off Thomas Street.", "Jameson Experience, Midleton __knowledge__ The Jameson Experience, Midleton, (also known as the Old Midleton Distillery) is an Irish whiskey museum and visitor centre located in the Old Midleton Distillery in Midleton, County Cork, Ireland.", "Jameson Experience, Midleton __knowledge__ Set over 15 acres, since opening as a visitor's centre in 1992, the old distillery has received approximately 100,000 guests per year, receiving 125,000 in 2015.", "Jameson Experience, Midleton __knowledge__ The Old Midleton Distillery in which the Jameson Experience is located began life as a woollen mill, before being converted to a military barracks and subsequently a distillery in 1825.", "Jameson Experience, Midleton __knowledge__ The distillery operated until 1975, when a new distillery was constructed alongside it to house the consolidated operations of three former whiskey-making rivals, John Jameson & Son, John Powers & Son, and Cork Distilleries Company (owners of the Midlelton Distillery), who had come together to form Irish Distillers in 1966.", "Thorne and Hatfield Moors __knowledge__ Thorne and Hatfield Moors form the largest area of lowland raised peat bog in the United Kingdom.", "Thorne and Hatfield Moors __knowledge__ They are situated in South Yorkshire, to the north-east and east of Doncaster near the town of Thorne, and are part of Hatfield Chase.", "Thorne and Hatfield Moors __knowledge__ They had been used for small-scale extraction of peat for fuel from medieval times, and probably much earlier, but commercial extraction of the peat for animal bedding began in the 1880s.", "Thorne and Hatfield Moors __knowledge__ The peat was cut on the moors and, once it had dried, transported to several works on narrow gauge tramways, always called trams locally.", "Thorne and Hatfield Moors __knowledge__ The wagons were pulled by horses to works at Creyke's Siding, Moorends, Medge Hall, Swinefleet and Hatfield.", "Knappogue Castle Irish Whiskey __knowledge__ Knappogue Castle Irish Whiskey is a brand of premium single malt Irish whiskey produced by Castle Brands Inc.", "Knappogue Castle Irish Whiskey __knowledge__ It is one of the few independent bottlings of Irish whiskey currently available on the market.", "Knappogue Castle Irish Whiskey __knowledge__ The brand is named for historic Knappogue Castle in County Clare, Ireland, originally built by Clan MacNamara in 1467.", "Knappogue Castle Irish Whiskey __knowledge__ Knappogue Castle is known for bottling one of the oldest and rarest known Irish whiskies, Knappogue Castle 1951, a pot still whiskey produced at the now-defunct B. Daly Distillery.", "Knappogue Castle Irish Whiskey __knowledge__ In 1966, Mark Edwin Andrews and his wife Lavone´ purchased Knappogue Castle in County Clare.", "Knappogue Castle Irish Whiskey __knowledge__ As they renovated the structure, Mark Andrews amassed a collection of rare single malt Irish whiskey, which he privately bottled and named Knappogue Castle 1951 after the historic building." ] ]

[ 23, 19, 16, 23 ]

[ "Very interesting! I bet you didn't know that \"whiskey\" comes from the Gaelic word \"uisce\" which means water?", "I don't know a whole lot about Scotch whiskey but I know about Irish whiskey! Irish Whiskey is made in Ireland!", "I do know that they don't usually use Peat when making Irish Whiskey because they want it to be smooth. But I'm not sure what they use instead of peat, do you?", "That makes sense. I never knew that whiskey was aged. They say it's in wooden boxes made of white oak usually." ]

[ "Scotch whisky", "Scotch whisky", "Scotch whisky", "Scotch whisky" ]

[ "Parachuting", "How far will you descend?", "That sounds pretty scary!", "Probably not even though I know I would regret not doing it. I hate the freefall feeling in your stomach!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Parachuting __knowledge__ Parachuting, or skydiving, is a method of transiting from a high point to Earth with the aid of gravity, involving the control of speed during the descent with the use of a parachute.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ It may involve more or less free-falling which is a period during the parachute has not been deployed and the body gradually accelerates to terminal velocity.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ The first parachute jump in history was made by André-Jacques Garnerin, the inventor of the parachute, on October 22, 1797.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ Garnerin tested his contraption by leaping from a hydrogen balloon above Paris.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ Garnerin's parachute bore little resemblance to today's parachutes, however, as it was not packed into any sort of container and did not feature a ripcord.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ The first intentional freefall jump with a ripcord-operated deployment was not made until over a century later by Leslie Irvin in 1919.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ While Georgia Broadwick made an earlier freefall in 1914 when her static line became entangled with her jump aircraft's tail assembly, her freefall descent was not planned.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ Broadwick cut her static line and deployed her parachute manually, only as a means of freeing herself from the aircraft to which she had become entangled.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ The military developed parachuting technology as a way to save aircrews from emergencies aboard balloons and aircraft in flight, and later as a way of delivering soldiers to the battlefield." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Parachuting __knowledge__ Parachuting, or skydiving, is a method of transiting from a high point to Earth with the aid of gravity, involving the control of speed during the descent with the use of a parachute.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ It may involve more or less free-falling which is a period during the parachute has not been deployed and the body gradually accelerates to terminal velocity.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ The first parachute jump in history was made by André-Jacques Garnerin, the inventor of the parachute, on October 22, 1797.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ Garnerin tested his contraption by leaping from a hydrogen balloon above Paris.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ Garnerin's parachute bore little resemblance to today's parachutes, however, as it was not packed into any sort of container and did not feature a ripcord.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ The first intentional freefall jump with a ripcord-operated deployment was not made until over a century later by Leslie Irvin in 1919.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ While Georgia Broadwick made an earlier freefall in 1914 when her static line became entangled with her jump aircraft's tail assembly, her freefall descent was not planned.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ Broadwick cut her static line and deployed her parachute manually, only as a means of freeing herself from the aircraft to which she had become entangled.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ The military developed parachuting technology as a way to save aircrews from emergencies aboard balloons and aircraft in flight, and later as a way of delivering soldiers to the battlefield.", "Jackie Tavener __knowledge__ John Adam \"Jackie\" Tavener (December 27, 1897 – September 14, 1969), nicknamed \"Rabbit,\" was a professional baseball player from 1921 to 1934.", "Jackie Tavener __knowledge__ He played all or parts of six seasons in Major League Baseball as a shortstop for the Detroit Tigers (1921, 1925–1928) and Cleveland Indians (1929).", "Jackie Tavener __knowledge__ Tavener was known as one of the smallest men ever to play in the major leagues and was rejected for that reason by Detroit manager Ty Cobb after a two-game tryout in 1921.", "Jackie Tavener __knowledge__ When he rejoined the Tigers in 1925, Tavener became one of the American League's best defensive shortstops, ranking among the league leaders every year from 1925 to 1928 in putouts, assists, double plays and fielding percentage.", "John Tavener __knowledge__ Sir John Kenneth Tavener (28 January 1944 – 12 November 2013) was an English composer, known for his extensive output of religious works, including \"The Protecting Veil\", \"Song for Athene\" and \"The Lamb\".", "John Tavener __knowledge__ Tavener first came to prominence with his cantata \"The Whale\", premiered in 1968.", "John Tavener __knowledge__ Then aged 24, he was described by \"The Guardian\" as \"the musical discovery of the year\", while \"The Times\" said he was \"among the very best creative talents of his generation.\"", "John Tavener __knowledge__ During his career he became one of the best known and popular composers of his generation, most particularly for \"The Protecting Veil\", which as recorded by cellist Steven Isserlis became a bestselling album, and \"Song for Athene\" which was sung at the funeral of Princess Diana.", "List of Irish clans in Ulster __knowledge__ Niall of the Nine Hostages had seven sons, two of which, Owen (Eoghan) and Conall Gulban (Conaill) traveled north from the over-kingdom of Connacht and into the northern and western regions of the over-kingdom of Ulster, an area equivalent to modern-day County Donegal.", "List of Irish clans in Ulster __knowledge__ These two became the progenitors of the two Cenél's (or kindreds) that would make up the Northern Uí Néill; the Cenél Eóghain based in Inishowen, with their capital at Ailech; and the Cenél Conaill centered in the rich area of Magh Ithe, in the valley of the river Finn.", "List of Irish clans in Ulster __knowledge__ For a time the Cenél Eóghain and Cenél Conaill alternated as kings of the Northern Uí Néill until the 8th century.", "Clan Macdonald of Clanranald __knowledge__ Clan Macdonald of Clanranald, also known as Clan Ranald or Clan Ronald ( ), is a Scottish clan and a branch of Clan Donald, one of the largest Scottish clans.", "Clan Macdonald of Clanranald __knowledge__ The founder of the Macdonalds of Clanranald is Reginald, 4th great-grandson of Somerled.", "Clan Macdonald of Clanranald __knowledge__ The Macdonalds of Clanranald descend from Reginald's elder son Allan and the MacDonells of Glengarry descend from his younger son Donald.", "Clan Macdonald of Clanranald __knowledge__ The clan chief of the Macdonalds of Clanranald is traditionally designated as \"The Captain of Clanranald\" () and today both the chief and clan are recognised by the Lord Lyon King of Arms, the heraldic judge in Scotland.", "Mark Tavener __knowledge__ Mark Tavener (1952/1953 - 18 October 2007) was an English writer, humorist, and dramatist best known for his BBC radio and television series \"In the Red\" (BBC Radio Four, 1995-1999/BBC Two, 1998) and \"Absolute Power\" (BBC Radio Four, 2000-2006/BBC Two 2005-2007), both of which came out of his PG Wodehouse Prize nominated novel \"In the Red\" (Hutchinson, 1989).", "Mark Tavener __knowledge__ Tavener was born and brought up in Plymouth and educated at Plymouth College, before attending Peterhouse, Cambridge.", "Mark Tavener __knowledge__ Tavener wrote a satirical novel, \"In the Red\" (Hutchinson, 1989), about fictional BBC Crime Reporter George Cragge's investigation into the serial killing of London bank managers, a small political party contesting a by-election, and a plan to overthrow the Director-General of the BBC, drawing on his early experiences working for the BBC and the Liberal Party.", "Tavener, Texas __knowledge__ Tavener is an Unincorporated community in Fort Bend County, Texas, United States.", "Tavener, Texas __knowledge__ It is located east-northeast of East Bernard, Texas, near the intersection of U.S. Highway 90 Alternate (US 90A) and Farm to Market Road 1952.", "Tavener, Texas __knowledge__ Tavener no longer has its own post office, schools and railroad stop, as it once did.", "Tavener, Texas __knowledge__ There is no road sign identifying the community though the Tavener Gin is prominently labeled on the north side of the Union Pacific railway line, which parallels US 90A.", "Tavener, Texas __knowledge__ A small bar and grill and a number of homes can be found in the area.", "Tavener, Texas __knowledge__ Tavener is located in Fort Bend County, Texas on US 90A between East Bernard and Rosenberg.", "Song for Athene __knowledge__ \"Song for Athene\" (also known as \"Alleluia.", "Song for Athene __knowledge__ May Flights of Angels Sing Thee to Thy Rest\") () is a musical composition by British composer John Tavener with lyrics by Mother Thekla, an Orthodox nun, which is intended to be sung a cappella by a four-part (soprano, alto, tenor and bass) choir.", "Song for Athene __knowledge__ It is Tavener's best known work, having been performed by the Westminster Abbey Choir conducted by Martin Neary at the funeral service of Diana, Princess of Wales, on 6 September 1997 as her cortège departed from Westminster Abbey.", "Song for Athene __knowledge__ Commissioned by the BBC, the piece was written in April 1993 by Tavener as a tribute to Athene Hariades, a young half-Greek actress who was a family friend killed in a cycling accident.", "Skydive (Transformers) __knowledge__ Skydive was the name of five fictional characters in the Transformers series.", "Skydive (Transformers) __knowledge__ Skydive was part of the Aerialbot team able to form a limb of the combined robot Superion.", "Skydive (Transformers) __knowledge__ Skydive would rather read about jet fighters than be one, and is fascinated by the science of aerial warfare.", "Skydive (Transformers) __knowledge__ He can, within the limits of his design, duplicate the flying motion of anything he sees and might be the most skilled flyer of all Transformers.", "Skydive (Transformers) __knowledge__ He flies at Mach 2.6, with a range of 1400 miles.", "Skydive (Transformers) __knowledge__ Skydive carries laser guided missiles and uses a nega-gun that crumbles objects by breaking molecular bonds.", "Skydive (Transformers) __knowledge__ He is prone to mid-air stalls.", "High Point University __knowledge__ High Point University is a private liberal arts university in High Point, North Carolina, U.S., affiliated with the United Methodist Church.", "High Point University __knowledge__ Founded as High Point College in 1924, it became High Point University in October 1991.", "High Point University __knowledge__ HPU offers 47 undergraduate majors, 51 undergraduate minors and 12 graduate-degree majors.", "High Point University __knowledge__ High Point University was ranked No.", "High Point University __knowledge__ 1 among all regional colleges in the south and No.", "High Point University __knowledge__ 1 for the most innovative regional colleges in the south in the \"America's Best Colleges\" 2016 Edition, published by U.S News & World Report.", "High Point University __knowledge__ In the mid-19th century, the Methodist Protestant Church, which is now part of the United Methodist Church, became active in educational pursuits in North Carolina.", "Shital Mahajan __knowledge__ Shital Mahajan - Rane, is an Indian extreme sportsperson, skydiver and the holder of Six World records and 17 National records in the sport.", "Shital Mahajan __knowledge__ She is known to be the first woman to have done her first ever parachute jump without any training over the Geographical North pole in minus 37 degree Celsius from 2400 ft, and first accelerated free fall jump without any trials over the Antarctica - South pole from 11,600 feet, in minus 38 degree Celsius the youngest woman to jump over both the North and South Poles, and the first woman jumper to perform it without trials.", "Shital Mahajan __knowledge__ The Government of India honored Mahajan in 2011, with the fourth highest civilian award of Padma Shri.", "High Point, North Carolina __knowledge__ High Point is a city located in the Piedmont Triad region of the State of North Carolina.", "High Point, North Carolina __knowledge__ As of the 2010 census the city had a total population of 104,371, with an estimated population of 108,629 in 2014.", "High Point, North Carolina __knowledge__ High Point is currently the ninth-largest municipality in North Carolina.", "High Point, North Carolina __knowledge__ High Point is known for its furniture, textiles, and bus manufacturing.", "High Point, North Carolina __knowledge__ The city is sometimes referred to as the \"Home Furnishings Capital of the World\".", "High Point, North Carolina __knowledge__ The city's official slogan is \"North Carolina's International City\" due to the semi-annual High Point Furniture Market that attracts 100,000 exhibitors and buyers from around the world.", "Skydive Empuriabrava __knowledge__ Skydive Empuriabrava is the brand that has been commercially operating Empuriabrava Aerodrome (on the Empuriabrava residential estate of the town of Castelló d'Empúries, Costa Brava, Girona province, Catalonia, Spain) since 1985.", "Skydive Empuriabrava __knowledge__ Since it began operating its main activity has been skydiving although it also offers photo flights, aerial and tourist advertising, and runs a school of aviation for private pilots.", "Skydive Empuriabrava __knowledge__ Since 1973, weekends have been a time for skydiving at Empuriabrava Aerodrome, managed by the \"ParaClub Girona\" section of \"Aeroclub Girona\".", "Skydive Empuriabrava __knowledge__ In 1975, the management of the aerodrome changed hands when it was bought by the company \"Promotora Deportiva del Ampurdán\", which in 1984 was sold to the company \"Anglo Costa Brava de Inversiones\".", "High Point Panthers __knowledge__ The High Point Panthers are the 16 varsity athletic teams that represent High Point University (HPU) in North Carolina, United States.", "High Point Panthers __knowledge__ All of HPU's varsity teams compete at the NCAA Division I level.", "High Point Panthers __knowledge__ All sports except men's lacrosse compete in the Big South Conference.", "High Point Panthers __knowledge__ The men's lacrosse team joined the Southern Conference July 1, 2014.", "High Point Panthers __knowledge__ The Panthers joined Division I in 1999, after having been NCAA Division II and being members of the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA) prior to 1992.", "High Point Panthers __knowledge__ HPU was a founding member of the North State Conference, which is now the NCAA Division II Conference Carolinas." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Parachuting __knowledge__ Parachuting, or skydiving, is a method of transiting from a high point to Earth with the aid of gravity, involving the control of speed during the descent with the use of a parachute.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ It may involve more or less free-falling which is a period during the parachute has not been deployed and the body gradually accelerates to terminal velocity.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ The first parachute jump in history was made by André-Jacques Garnerin, the inventor of the parachute, on October 22, 1797.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ Garnerin tested his contraption by leaping from a hydrogen balloon above Paris.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ Garnerin's parachute bore little resemblance to today's parachutes, however, as it was not packed into any sort of container and did not feature a ripcord.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ The first intentional freefall jump with a ripcord-operated deployment was not made until over a century later by Leslie Irvin in 1919.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ While Georgia Broadwick made an earlier freefall in 1914 when her static line became entangled with her jump aircraft's tail assembly, her freefall descent was not planned.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ Broadwick cut her static line and deployed her parachute manually, only as a means of freeing herself from the aircraft to which she had become entangled.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ The military developed parachuting technology as a way to save aircrews from emergencies aboard balloons and aircraft in flight, and later as a way of delivering soldiers to the battlefield.", "Pretty Scary Silver Fairy __knowledge__ Pretty Scary Silver Fairy is the second studio album by Norwegian recording artist Margaret Berger.", "Pretty Scary Silver Fairy __knowledge__ It was released in Norway on 2 October 2006 by RCA Records.", "Pretty Scary Silver Fairy __knowledge__ Its title comes from Berger's wish for the album to be \"sweet but mean at the same time\".", "Pretty Scary Silver Fairy __knowledge__ The lyrics were written by Berger and inspired by her adolescence.", "Pretty Scary Silver Fairy __knowledge__ Credits adapted from the liner notes of \"Pretty Scary Silver Fairy\".", "Margaret Berger __knowledge__ Margaret Berger (born 11 October 1985) is a Norwegian singer, songwriter, music director, and DJ.", "Margaret Berger __knowledge__ She made her debut on Sony BMG after she placed second on the second season of \"Norwegian Idol\" in 2004.", "Margaret Berger __knowledge__ She released the studio albums \"Chameleon\" (2004) and \"Pretty Scary Silver Fairy\" (2006).", "Margaret Berger __knowledge__ Her upcoming third album is set to be released in October 2015.", "Margaret Berger __knowledge__ Berger represented Norway in the Eurovision Song Contest 2013 in Malmö, Sweden, finishing in fourth place with the song \"I Feed You My Love\".", "Margaret Berger __knowledge__ Margaret Berger was born on 11 October 1985 in Trondheim, Norway and grew up in Hitra, where she lived for twelve years.", "Gulf War __knowledge__ The Gulf War (2 August 199028 February 1991), codenamed Operation Desert Shield (2 August 199017 January 1991) for operations leading to the buildup of troops and defense of Saudi Arabia and Operation Desert Storm (17 January 199128 February 1991) in its combat phase, was a war waged by coalition forces from 35 nations led by the United States against Iraq in response to Iraq's invasion and annexation of Kuwait.", "Gulf War __knowledge__ The war is also known under other names, such as the Persian Gulf War, First Gulf War, Gulf War I, Kuwait War, First Iraq War or Iraq War, before the term \"Iraq War\" became identified instead with the 2003 Iraq War (also referred to in the US as \"Operation Iraqi Freedom\").", "Big Black __knowledge__ Big Black was an American punk rock band from Evanston, Illinois, active from 1981 to 1987.", "Big Black __knowledge__ Founded by singer and guitarist Steve Albini, the band's initial lineup also included guitarist Santiago Durango and bassist Jeff Pezzati, both of Naked Raygun.", "Big Black __knowledge__ In 1985, Pezzati was replaced by Dave Riley, who played on Big Black's two full-length studio albums, \"Atomizer\" (1986) and \"Songs About Fucking\" (1987).", "Big Black __knowledge__ Big Black's aggressive and abrasive music was characterized by distinctively clanky guitars and the use of a drum machine rather than a drum kit, elements that foreshadowed industrial rock.", "Big Black __knowledge__ The band's lyrics flouted commonly held taboos and dealt frankly— and often explicitly— with politically and culturally loaded topics including murder, rape, child sexual abuse, arson, racism, and misogyny.", "Radiosurgery (song) __knowledge__ \"Radiosurgery\" is a song by American rock band New Found Glory, serving as the lead single and title track for their seventh studio album \"Radiosurgery\" (2011).", "Radiosurgery (song) __knowledge__ Its name is taken from the actual medical procedure radiosurgery, being used as a metaphor after one band member suffered a marriage break up.", "Radiosurgery (song) __knowledge__ The single was released on August 2, 2011 as a digital download, while the music video premiered on September 14, 2011.", "Radiosurgery (song) __knowledge__ The single was also available on limited edition 7\" Vinyl.", "Radiosurgery (song) __knowledge__ The band's primary composer Chad Gilbert has explained that the title is a direct reference to the medical procedure radiosurgery, where a patient is treated by x rays or gamma rays to remove a tumor or growth from the brain.", "Radiosurgery (album) __knowledge__ Radiosurgery is the seventh studio album by American rock band New Found Glory.", "Radiosurgery (album) __knowledge__ It was first released on September 30, 2011 in Australia, before its wider release on October 4 through independent label Epitaph Records.", "Radiosurgery (album) __knowledge__ It is the band's final studio album to feature founding guitarist Steve Klein.", "Radiosurgery (album) __knowledge__ To follow up predecessor \"Not Without a Fight\" (2009), the band began writing new material during their stint on the 2010 Honda Civic Tour.", "Radiosurgery (album) __knowledge__ After self-producing a set of demos and contacting long-term record producer Neal Avron, the band went on to record the album in Avron's home recording studio over a period of three months in 2011.", "Is It Scary __knowledge__ \"Is It Scary\" is a song by American recording artist Michael Jackson.", "Is It Scary __knowledge__ The song was originally written to have been featured in the 1993 film \"Addams Family Values\", but the plans were canceled after contract conflicts.", "Is It Scary __knowledge__ The song was recorded for Jackson's 1997 remix album, \"\".", "Is It Scary __knowledge__ \"Is It Scary\" was written and produced by Jackson, Jimmy Jam (James Harris III) and Terry Lewis.", "Is It Scary __knowledge__ \"Is It Scary\" received mixed reviews from contemporary music critics.", "Is It Scary __knowledge__ Musically, the song was viewed by music critics as showing a \"darker side\" of Jackson, and compared the song's composition to the music of Marilyn Manson.", "Is It Scary __knowledge__ In November 1997, a radio edit version of the song was released as a promotional single in the Netherlands, while promo singles containing remixes were released in the United States and the United Kingdom.", "Parachute __knowledge__ A parachute is a device used to slow the motion of an object through an atmosphere by creating drag (or in the case of ram-air parachutes, aerodynamic lift).", "Parachute __knowledge__ Parachutes are usually made out of light, strong fabric, originally silk, now most commonly nylon.", "Parachute __knowledge__ They are typically dome-shaped, but vary, with rectangles, inverted domes, and others found.", "Parachute __knowledge__ A variety of loads are attached to parachutes, including people, food, equipment, space capsules, and bombs.", "Parachute __knowledge__ A drogue chute is used to aid horizontal deceleration of a vehicle such as fixed-wing aircraft and drag racer); provide stability, as to certain types of light aircraft in distress, tandem free-fall; and as a pilot triggering deployment a larger parachute.", "Blaengwrach __knowledge__ Blaengwrach ( ) is a Community near Glynneath and Resolven in the county borough of Neath Port Talbot, Wales.", "Blaengwrach __knowledge__ It is also the name of an electoral ward of Neath Port Talbot county borough, which is a larger area than the Community.", "Blaengwrach __knowledge__ The principle settlement is Cwmgwrach, a village on the south side of the Neath valley, of which the eastern end is called Blaengwrach, which sometimes causes confusion.", "Blaengwrach __knowledge__ Blaengwrach Community is a predominantly upland area, and contains the highest points of three local hills or mountains, namely Mynydd Resolfen (383mt/1257 ft) and the more prominent Mynydd Pen-y-Cae (573mt/1880 ft) and Craig-y-Llyn (600mt/1970 ft), both of which have views of the valley below and the Brecon Beacons in the distance.", "44 Parachute Brigade (South Africa) __knowledge__ 44 Parachute Brigade was a parachute infantry brigade of the South African Army.", "44 Parachute Brigade (South Africa) __knowledge__ It was founded on 20 April 1978, following the disbandment of 1 SA Corps.", "44 Parachute Brigade (South Africa) __knowledge__ Upon formation, the brigade was commanded by Brigadier M. J. du Plessis, who was assigned the task of establishing the unit with the assistance of the Parachute Staff Officer, Colonel Jan Breytenbach.", "44 Parachute Brigade (South Africa) __knowledge__ At the time du Plessis was the commanding officer of the Orange Free State Command (OFS Cmd) and had previous experience serving in 1 Parachute Battalion.", "44 Parachute Brigade (South Africa) __knowledge__ Breytenbach had also been a member of 1 Parachute Battalion and had also founded the South African Special Forces Brigade and 32 Battalion.", "Free fall __knowledge__ In Newtonian physics, free fall is any motion of a body where gravity is the only force acting upon it.", "Free fall __knowledge__ In the context of general relativity, where gravitation is reduced to a space-time curvature, a body in free fall has no force acting on it.", "Free fall __knowledge__ An object in the technical sense of the term \"free fall\" may not necessarily be falling down in the usual sense of the term.", "Free fall __knowledge__ An object moving upwards would not normally be considered to be falling, but if it is subject to the force of gravity only, it is said to be in free fall.", "Free fall __knowledge__ The moon is thus in free fall.", "Free fall __knowledge__ In a uniform gravitational field, in the absence of any other forces, gravitation acts on each part of the body equally and this is weightlessness, a condition that also occurs when the gravitational field is zero (such as when far away from any gravitating body).", "82nd Airborne Division __knowledge__ The 82nd Airborne Division is an airborne infantry division of the United States Army, specializing in parachute assault operations into denied areas.", "82nd Airborne Division __knowledge__ Based at Fort Bragg, North Carolina, the 82nd Airborne Division is part of the XVIII Airborne Corps.", "82nd Airborne Division __knowledge__ The 82nd Airborne Division is the U.S. Army's most strategically mobile division.", "82nd Airborne Division __knowledge__ Some sources consider the 82nd Airborne Division the most highly trained light infantry division in the world.", "82nd Airborne Division __knowledge__ Recently the 82nd Airborne has been conducting operations in Iraq, advising and assisting Iraqi Security Forces.", "82nd Airborne Division __knowledge__ The All American division was constituted, originally as the 82nd Division, in the National Army on 5 August 1917, shortly after the American entry into World War I.", "Parachute rigger __knowledge__ A parachute rigger is a person who is trained or licensed to pack, maintain or repair parachutes.", "Parachute rigger __knowledge__ A rigger is required to understand fabrics, hardware, webbing, regulations, sewing, packing, and other aspects related to the building, packing, repair, and maintenance of parachutes.", "Parachute rigger __knowledge__ Militaries around the world train their own parachute riggers to support their airborne or paratrooper forces.", "Parachute rigger __knowledge__ These military riggers also pack parachutes for aerial delivery operations, through which military supplies and equipment are delivered by aircraft to combat zones.", "Parachute rigger __knowledge__ Parachute riggers in the Australian Army are responsible for the preparation, maintenance and supply of parachutes and other aerial delivery components." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Parachuting __knowledge__ Parachuting, or skydiving, is a method of transiting from a high point to Earth with the aid of gravity, involving the control of speed during the descent with the use of a parachute.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ It may involve more or less free-falling which is a period during the parachute has not been deployed and the body gradually accelerates to terminal velocity.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ The first parachute jump in history was made by André-Jacques Garnerin, the inventor of the parachute, on October 22, 1797.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ Garnerin tested his contraption by leaping from a hydrogen balloon above Paris.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ Garnerin's parachute bore little resemblance to today's parachutes, however, as it was not packed into any sort of container and did not feature a ripcord.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ The first intentional freefall jump with a ripcord-operated deployment was not made until over a century later by Leslie Irvin in 1919.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ While Georgia Broadwick made an earlier freefall in 1914 when her static line became entangled with her jump aircraft's tail assembly, her freefall descent was not planned.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ Broadwick cut her static line and deployed her parachute manually, only as a means of freeing herself from the aircraft to which she had become entangled.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ The military developed parachuting technology as a way to save aircrews from emergencies aboard balloons and aircraft in flight, and later as a way of delivering soldiers to the battlefield.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Having reformed from his violent ways, Bigby (a.k.a.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ the Big Bad Wolf) became the cigarette-smoking, trench coat-clad sheriff of Fabletown.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is extremely cunning and resourceful, in addition to being an excellent detective.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Due to Snow White's possession of a lycanthropy-stained knife, he is now a werewolf and can change between wolf form, human form and an intermediate \"wolfman\" stage at will (in \"The Great Fables Crossover\", it is revealed that Bigby's nature as one of the North Wind's sons allows him to change forms at will).", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is the son of the North Wind, and, as such, has control over the lower-tier winds, plus the \"huff and puff\" of legend.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Military Freefall Parachutist Badge __knowledge__ The Military Freefall Parachutist Badge is a military badge of the United States Army and United States Air Force awarded to qualified U.S. Army and U.S. Air Force personnel as high-altitude military parachute specialists.", "Military Freefall Parachutist Badge __knowledge__ To earn the Military Freefall Parachutist Badge, the military member first must receive all necessary ground training, already have earned the Military Parachutist Badge (jump-qualified), and must have completed the requisite freefall (night, combat equipment, oxygen) jumps and graduate from the Military Free-Fall Parachutist Course.", "Military Freefall Parachutist Badge __knowledge__ A star and laurel wreath, centered above the badge, called the Master Military Freefall Parachutist Badge, is authorized for U.S. Army Soldiers and U.S. Air Force Airman qualified as a Master Military Freefall Parachutist (Jumpmaster).", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ A Treatise of Human Nature (1738–40) is a book by Scottish philosopher David Hume, considered by many to be Hume's most important work and one of the most influential works in the history of philosophy.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ The \"Treatise\" is a classic statement of philosophical empiricism, skepticism, and naturalism.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ In the introduction Hume presents the idea of placing all science and philosophy on a novel foundation: namely, an empirical investigation into human nature.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ Impressed by Isaac Newton's achievements in the physical sciences, Hume sought to introduce the same experimental method of reasoning into the study of human psychology, with the aim of discovering the \"extent and force of human understanding\".", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters in the comic book series The Boys, created by Garth Ennis and Darick Robertson.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ The Boys are a CIA black ops team, initially created by Col. Greg Mallory to manage, police, and sometimes liquidate Vought-American's superhumans.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ While this is in part to help protect normal humans from the actions of the largely out of control \"supes,\" this is also to ensure that the company lack the stability or the platform to push the use of superhumans in national defense.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ Over time, however, the team's focus was changed, due to Butcher's increased influence, from one of management and containment to one of direct confrontation.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Mercedes McQueen __knowledge__ Mercedes Maria Theresa Immaculata McQueen (also Owen, Fisher and Browning) is a fictional character from the British Channel 4 soap opera, \"Hollyoaks\", played by Jennifer Metcalfe.", "Mercedes McQueen __knowledge__ She debuted on-screen during the episode airing on 19 June 2006 as the first character to be introduced to the series by series producer, Bryan Kirkwood.", "Mercedes McQueen __knowledge__ In 2008 Metcalfe feared that the character was to be axed but was later reassured by the series producer that she would not be.", "Mercedes McQueen __knowledge__ Metcalfe later stated her intention to stay with the series.", "Mercedes McQueen __knowledge__ Mercedes is part of the McQueen family and is the longest serving McQueen on the series.", "Parachute __knowledge__ A parachute is a device used to slow the motion of an object through an atmosphere by creating drag (or in the case of ram-air parachutes, aerodynamic lift).", "Parachute __knowledge__ Parachutes are usually made out of light, strong fabric, originally silk, now most commonly nylon.", "Parachute __knowledge__ They are typically dome-shaped, but vary, with rectangles, inverted domes, and others found.", "Parachute __knowledge__ A variety of loads are attached to parachutes, including people, food, equipment, space capsules, and bombs.", "Parachute __knowledge__ A drogue chute is used to aid horizontal deceleration of a vehicle such as fixed-wing aircraft and drag racer); provide stability, as to certain types of light aircraft in distress, tandem free-fall; and as a pilot triggering deployment a larger parachute.", "Parachute Jump __knowledge__ The Parachute Jump is a defunct amusement ride in Coney Island, Brooklyn, New York, whose iconic open-frame steel structure remains a Brooklyn landmark.", "Parachute Jump __knowledge__ tall and weighing 170 tons (150 tonnes), it has been called the \"Eiffel Tower of Brooklyn\".", "Parachute Jump __knowledge__ It was originally built for the 1939 New York World's Fair in Flushing Meadows–Corona Park, Queens, and moved to its current site, then part of the Steeplechase Park amusement park, in 1941.", "Parachute Jump __knowledge__ It is the only portion of Steeplechase Park still standing today.", "Parachute Jump __knowledge__ The ride ceased operations in 1964, when the park shut down for good.", "Parachute Jump __knowledge__ The ride was based on functional parachutes which were held open by metal rings throughout the ascent and descent.", "Shital Mahajan __knowledge__ Shital Mahajan - Rane, is an Indian extreme sportsperson, skydiver and the holder of Six World records and 17 National records in the sport.", "Shital Mahajan __knowledge__ She is known to be the first woman to have done her first ever parachute jump without any training over the Geographical North pole in minus 37 degree Celsius from 2400 ft, and first accelerated free fall jump without any trials over the Antarctica - South pole from 11,600 feet, in minus 38 degree Celsius the youngest woman to jump over both the North and South Poles, and the first woman jumper to perform it without trials.", "Shital Mahajan __knowledge__ The Government of India honored Mahajan in 2011, with the fourth highest civilian award of Padma Shri.", "Marine Corps Test Unit __knowledge__ The Marine Corps Test Unit 1, or MCTU #1, was an experimental testing unit of the United States Marine Corps.", "Marine Corps Test Unit __knowledge__ It was established outside the Fleet Marine Force for the development of specialized tactics, techniques and organizational concepts, and to evaluate its tangible employment in the nuclear age.", "Marine Corps Test Unit __knowledge__ It reported directly to the Commandant of the Marine Corps.", "Marine Corps Test Unit __knowledge__ Mission objectives for Marine Corps Test Unit #1 as directed by Commandant of the Marine Corps: The two atomic bombs that were dropped on Japan to end World War II demonstrated the threat of nuclear warfare.", "Marine Corps Test Unit __knowledge__ In December 1946, Marine Corps instructor Colonel Robert E. Cushman, Jr. wrote an extensive staff report to then-Marine Commandant Alexander Vandegrift about feasible massive amphibious landings over small areas subject to potential tactical nuclear weapons.", "Leslie Irvin (parachutist) __knowledge__ Leslie Leroy Irvin (10 September 1895 – 9 October 1966) made the first premeditated free-fall parachute jump in 1919.", "Leslie Irvin (parachutist) __knowledge__ Irvin was born in Los Angeles.", "Leslie Irvin (parachutist) __knowledge__ He became a stunt-man for the fledgling Californian film industry, for which he had to perform acrobatics on trapezes from balloons and then make descents using a parachute.", "Leslie Irvin (parachutist) __knowledge__ Irvin made his first jump when aged fourteen.", "Leslie Irvin (parachutist) __knowledge__ For a film called \"Sky High\", he first jumped from an aircraft from 1,000 feet in 1914.", "Leslie Irvin (parachutist) __knowledge__ He developed his own static line parachute as a life-saving device in 1918 and jumped with it several times.", "Leslie Irvin (parachutist) __knowledge__ Leslie Leroy Irvin was born on September 10, 1895.", "Robert Cocking __knowledge__ Robert Cocking (1776 – 24 July 1837) was a British watercolour artist who died in the first parachute accident.", "Robert Cocking __knowledge__ Robert Cocking was a professional watercolour artist with keen amateur interest in science.", "Robert Cocking __knowledge__ He had seen André-Jacques Garnerin make the first parachute jump in England in 1802 (the first modern parachute jump had been carried out in 1785 by Jean-Pierre Blanchard) and been inspired to develop an improved design after reading Sir George Cayley's paper \"On Aerial Navigation\".", "Robert Cocking __knowledge__ Cayley's paper, published in 1809–1810, discussed Garnerin's jump at some length.", "Robert Cocking __knowledge__ Garnerin had used an umbrella-shaped parachute which had swayed excessively from side-to-side during the descent; Cayley theorized that a cone-shaped parachute would be more stable." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 1 ]

[ " before I die, I want to skydive from a high point and descend to the ground", "Not sure, but it involves free-falling before the parachute has been deployed.", "Yeah! The first parachute jump was in 1797! Would you ever do it? ", "Yeah gravity involving the control of speed aids in that feeling!" ]

[ "Parachuting", "Parachuting", "Parachuting", "Parachuting" ]

[ "The Beatles\nI think The Beatles have been influential on the music world, but I don't know how they became such icons.", "What was their first album?", "Oh, I can hear that song in my head, now! I had friends post a picture of themselves on Abbey Road. Wasn't that an album of theirs?", "That's what my mom told me. Said their hair was considered long back then." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The Beatles __knowledge__ The Beatles were an English rock band formed in Liverpool in 1960.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ With members John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr, they became widely regarded as the foremost and most influential music band.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ Rooted in skiffle, beat and 1950s rock and roll, the Beatles later experimented with several musical styles, ranging from pop ballads and Indian music to psychedelia and hard rock, often incorporating classical elements and unconventional recording techniques in innovative ways.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ In 1963 their enormous popularity first emerged as \"Beatlemania\"; as the group's music grew in sophistication, led by primary songwriters Lennon and McCartney, the band were integral to pop music's evolution into an art form and to the development of the counterculture of the 1960s.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ The Beatles built their reputation playing clubs in Liverpool and Hamburg over a three-year period from 1960, with Stuart Sutcliffe initially serving as bass player.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ The core trio of Lennon, McCartney and Harrison went through a succession of drummers, including Pete Best, before asking Starr to join them in 1962.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ Manager Brian Epstein moulded them into a professional act, and producer George Martin guided and developed their recordings, greatly expanding the group's popularity in the United Kingdom after their first hit, \"Love Me Do\", in late 1962.", "Paul McCartney __knowledge__ Sir James Paul McCartney, (born 18 June 1942), is an English singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, and composer.", "Paul McCartney __knowledge__ He gained worldwide fame as the bass guitarist and singer for the rock band the Beatles, widely considered the most popular and influential group in the history of pop music.", "Paul McCartney __knowledge__ His songwriting partnership with John Lennon was the most successful of the post-war era.", "Paul McCartney __knowledge__ After the group disbanded in 1970, he pursued a solo career and formed the band Wings with his first wife, Linda, and Denny Laine.", "Paul McCartney __knowledge__ McCartney is one of the most successful composers and performers of all time.", "Paul McCartney __knowledge__ More than 2,200 artists have covered his Beatles song \"Yesterday\", making it one of the most covered songs in popular music history.", "Spice Girls __knowledge__ The Spice Girls were an English pop girl group formed in 1994.", "Spice Girls __knowledge__ The group originally consisted of Melanie Brown (\"Scary Spice\"), Melanie Chisholm (\"Sporty Spice\"), Emma Bunton (\"Baby Spice\"), Geri Halliwell (\"Ginger Spice\"), and Victoria Beckham, née Adams (\"Posh Spice\").", "Spice Girls __knowledge__ They were signed to Virgin Records and released their debut single \"Wannabe\" in 1996, which hit number one in 37 countries and established them as a global phenomenon.", "Spice Girls __knowledge__ Their debut album \"Spice\" sold more than 31 million copies worldwide, becoming the best-selling album by a female group in history.", "Spice Girls __knowledge__ Their follow-up album \"Spiceworld\" sold over 20 million copies worldwide.", "Strawberry Fields Forever __knowledge__ \"Strawberry Fields Forever\" is a song by the English rock band the Beatles.", "Strawberry Fields Forever __knowledge__ It was released in February 1967 as a double A-side single with \"Penny Lane\".", "Strawberry Fields Forever __knowledge__ The song was written by John Lennon and credited to the Lennon–McCartney songwriting partnership.", "Strawberry Fields Forever __knowledge__ Lennon wrote the song in Almería, Spain, where he was filming a role in the anti-war comedy \"How I Won the War\".", "Strawberry Fields Forever __knowledge__ He drew inspiration from his childhood memories of playing in the garden of Strawberry Field, a Salvation Army children's home near to where he grew up in Liverpool.", "Strawberry Fields Forever __knowledge__ The song was the first track recorded during the sessions for the Beatles' \"Sgt.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The culture of the United Kingdom is influenced by the UK's history as a developed island country, a liberal democracy and a major power; its predominantly Christian religious life; and its composition of four countries—England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland—each of which has distinct customs, cultures and symbolism.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The wider culture of Europe has also influenced British culture, and Humanism, Protestantism and representative democracy developed from broader Western culture.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ British literature, music, cinema, art, theatre, comedy, media, television, philosophy, architecture and education are important aspects of British culture.", "Revolver (Beatles album) __knowledge__ Revolver is the seventh studio album by the English rock band the Beatles.", "Revolver (Beatles album) __knowledge__ Released on 5 August 1966, it was the Beatles' final recording project before their retirement as live performers and marked the group's most overt use of studio technology up to that time, building on the advances of their 1965 release \"Rubber Soul\".", "Revolver (Beatles album) __knowledge__ The album's diverse sounds include tape loops and backwards recordings on the psychedelic \"Tomorrow Never Knows\", a classical string octet on \"Eleanor Rigby\", and Indian-music backing on \"Love You To\".", "Revolver (Beatles album) __knowledge__ The album was reduced to eleven songs by Capitol Records in North America, where three of its tracks instead appeared on the June 1966 release \"Yesterday and Today\".", "George Harrison __knowledge__ George Harrison (25 February 1943 – 29 November 2001) was an English guitarist, singer-songwriter, and producer who achieved international fame as the lead guitarist of the Beatles.", "George Harrison __knowledge__ Often referred to as \"the quiet Beatle\", Harrison embraced Indian culture and helped broaden the scope of popular music through his incorporation of Indian instrumentation and Hindu-aligned spirituality in the Beatles' work.", "George Harrison __knowledge__ Although the majority of the band's songs were written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney, most Beatles albums from 1965 onwards contained at least two Harrison compositions.", "George Harrison __knowledge__ His songs for the group included \"Taxman\", \"Within You Without You\", \"While My Guitar Gently Weeps\", \"Here Comes the Sun\" and \"Something\", the last of which became the Beatles' second-most covered song." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The Beatles __knowledge__ The Beatles were an English rock band formed in Liverpool in 1960.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ With members John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr, they became widely regarded as the foremost and most influential music band.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ Rooted in skiffle, beat and 1950s rock and roll, the Beatles later experimented with several musical styles, ranging from pop ballads and Indian music to psychedelia and hard rock, often incorporating classical elements and unconventional recording techniques in innovative ways.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ In 1963 their enormous popularity first emerged as \"Beatlemania\"; as the group's music grew in sophistication, led by primary songwriters Lennon and McCartney, the band were integral to pop music's evolution into an art form and to the development of the counterculture of the 1960s.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ The Beatles built their reputation playing clubs in Liverpool and Hamburg over a three-year period from 1960, with Stuart Sutcliffe initially serving as bass player.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ The core trio of Lennon, McCartney and Harrison went through a succession of drummers, including Pete Best, before asking Starr to join them in 1962.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ Manager Brian Epstein moulded them into a professional act, and producer George Martin guided and developed their recordings, greatly expanding the group's popularity in the United Kingdom after their first hit, \"Love Me Do\", in late 1962.", "Kabir Suman's recorded albums __knowledge__ Since 1992, Kabir Suman recorded a number of studio albums and soundtracks.", "Kabir Suman's recorded albums __knowledge__ Most of those were his self-created songs sung by himself.", "Kabir Suman's recorded albums __knowledge__ However, his self-created songs were sung by many other artists also.", "Kabir Suman's recorded albums __knowledge__ Beside this, he has recorded some songs which were created by Rabindra nath Tagore & composed by Himanshu Dutta.", "Kabir Suman's recorded albums __knowledge__ Kabir Suman, recorded a number of albums between 1992 and 1999 under the name Suman Chattopaddhyay or Suman Chatterjee.", "Kabir Suman's recorded albums __knowledge__ In April 1992, Suman published his first album ‘Tomake Chai’, which had 12 songs.", "Kabir Suman's recorded albums __knowledge__ All songs were sung, written and composed by him.", "Kabir Suman's recorded albums __knowledge__ Except 3 songs, all songs were accompanied by either electronic keyboard, or acoustic guitar, or both (mixed by a four track tape recorder and hardware sequencer) by him alone; those 3 songs were accompanied by tabla and percussion by other artists.", "Reba McEntire __knowledge__ Reba Nell McEntire (born March 28, 1955) is an American singer, songwriter, actress, and record producer.", "Reba McEntire __knowledge__ She began her career in the music industry as a high school student singing in the Kiowa High School band, on local radio shows with her siblings, and at rodeos.", "Reba McEntire __knowledge__ While a sophomore in college, she performed the National Anthem at the National Rodeo in Oklahoma City and caught the attention of country artist Red Steagall who brought her to Nashville, Tennessee.", "Reba McEntire __knowledge__ She signed a contract with Mercury Records a year later in 1975.", "Reba McEntire __knowledge__ She released her first solo album in 1977 and released five additional studio albums under the label until 1983.", "Phil Keaggy __knowledge__ Philip Tyler \"Phil\" Keaggy (born March 23, 1951) is an American acoustic and electric guitarist and vocalist who has released more than 50 albums and contributed to many more recordings in both the contemporary Christian music and mainstream markets.", "Phil Keaggy __knowledge__ He is a seven-time recipient of the GMA Dove Award for Instrumental Album of the Year, and was twice nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Rock Gospel Album.", "Phil Keaggy __knowledge__ He has frequently been listed as one of the world's top-three \"finger-style\", as well as \"finger-picking\", guitarists by \"Guitar Player Magazine\" readers' polls.", "Phil Keaggy __knowledge__ Keaggy was raised in a small farmhouse in Hubbard, Ohio with nine brothers and sisters.", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ The Rolling Stones are an English rock band formed in London, England in 1962.", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ The first stable line-up consisted of Brian Jones (guitar, harmonica), Mick Jagger (lead vocals), Keith Richards (guitar, backing vocals), Bill Wyman (bass), Charlie Watts (drums), and Ian Stewart (piano).", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ Stewart was removed from the official line-up in 1963 but continued as a touring member until his death in 1985.", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ Jones left the band less than a month prior to his death in 1969, having already been replaced by Mick Taylor, who remained until 1974.", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ After Taylor left the band, Ronnie Wood took his place in 1975 and has been on guitar in tandem with Richards ever since.", "Whitney (album) __knowledge__ Whitney is the second studio album by American singer Whitney Houston, released on June 2, 1987 by Arista Records as the follow-up to her best selling debut album, \"Whitney Houston\".", "Whitney (album) __knowledge__ The album catapulted her to international fame.", "Whitney (album) __knowledge__ \"Whitney\" was certified 9× platinum by the RIAA on November 29, 1995.", "Whitney (album) __knowledge__ The album met the expectations of many people and was sensationally popular after its release.", "Whitney (album) __knowledge__ With this album, Houston set several records on the charts.", "Whitney (album) __knowledge__ It debuted at number one on the \"Billboard\" 200 chart the issue of June 27, 1987, becoming the first album by a female artist, and only the fifth album by a solo artist to do so.", "Shinhwa __knowledge__ Shinhwa () is a South Korean six-member boy band based in Seoul, composed of Eric Mun, Lee Min-woo, Kim Dong-wan, Shin Hye-sung, Jun Jin, and Andy Lee.", "Shinhwa __knowledge__ Launched by SM Entertainment on 24 March 1998 and now managed by Shinhwa Company, the group is the longest-running boy band in the history of K-pop and one of the pioneers of the K-pop idol culture.", "Shinhwa __knowledge__ Shinhwa is the Korean word for myth or legend.", "Shinhwa __knowledge__ The group was one of the early successes of SM Entertainment along with H.O.T.", "Shinhwa __knowledge__ and S.E.S..", "Shinhwa __knowledge__ When the contract with SM Entertainment expired in July 2003, all six members signed with Good Entertainment as a group.", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ Michael Joseph Jackson (August 29, 1958 – June 25, 2009) was an American singer, songwriter, and dancer.", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ Dubbed the \"King of Pop\", he was one of the most popular entertainers in the world, and was the best-selling music artist during the year of his death.", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ Jackson's contributions to music, dance, and fashion along with his publicized personal life made him a global figure in popular culture for over four decades.", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ The eighth child of the Jackson family, Michael made his professional debut in 1964 with his elder brothers Jackie, Tito, Jermaine, and Marlon as a member of the Jackson 5.", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ He began his solo career in 1971 while at Motown Records.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ Serbian rock is the rock music scene of Serbia.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ During the 1960s, 1970s and the 1980s, while Serbia was a constituent republic of Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Serbian rock scene was a part of the SFR Yugoslav rock scene.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was not an Eastern Bloc country, but a member of the Non-Aligned Movement and as such, it was far more opened to the Western culture comparing to the other socialist countries.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ Rock and roll reached Yugoslavia via foreign radio stations, most notably Radio Luxemburg, and rock and roll records, brought in from the West.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ Rock and roll influences reached schlager singers, most notably Đorđe Marjanović, who released the first popular music solo album in Serbia, in 1959.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ Richard Christopher \"Rick\" Wakeman (born 18 May 1949) is an English keyboardist, songwriter, television and radio presenter, and author.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ He is best known for being in the progressive rock band Yes across five tenures between 1971 and 2004 and for his solo albums released in the 1970s.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ He is a current member of Yes Featuring Jon Anderson, Trevor Rabin and Rick Wakeman.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ Born and raised in West London, Wakeman intended to be a concert pianist but quit his studies at the Royal College of Music in 1969 to become a full-time session musician.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ His early sessions included playing on \"Space Oddity\", among others, for David Bowie and songs by Junior's Eyes, T. Rex, Elton John, and Cat Stevens.", "Paul McCartney __knowledge__ Sir James Paul McCartney, (born 18 June 1942), is an English singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, and composer.", "Paul McCartney __knowledge__ He gained worldwide fame as the bass guitarist and singer for the rock band the Beatles, widely considered the most popular and influential group in the history of pop music.", "Paul McCartney __knowledge__ His songwriting partnership with John Lennon was the most successful of the post-war era.", "Paul McCartney __knowledge__ After the group disbanded in 1970, he pursued a solo career and formed the band Wings with his first wife, Linda, and Denny Laine.", "Paul McCartney __knowledge__ McCartney is one of the most successful composers and performers of all time.", "Paul McCartney __knowledge__ More than 2,200 artists have covered his Beatles song \"Yesterday\", making it one of the most covered songs in popular music history.", "The Beatles: Rock Band __knowledge__ The Beatles: Rock Band is a 2009 music video game developed by Harmonix, published by MTV Games, and distributed by Electronic Arts.", "The Beatles: Rock Band __knowledge__ It is the third major console release in the \"Rock Band\" music video game series, in which players can simulate the playing of rock music by using controllers shaped like musical instruments.", "The Beatles: Rock Band __knowledge__ \"The Beatles: Rock Band\" is the first band-centric game in the series, and it is centered on the popular English rock group the Beatles.", "The Beatles: Rock Band __knowledge__ The game features virtual portrayals of the four band members performing the songs throughout the band's history, including depictions of some of their famous live performances, as well as a number of \"dreamscape\" sequences for songs from the Abbey Road Studios recording sessions during the group's studio years.", "Rock Band __knowledge__ Rock Band is a series of music video games developed by Harmonix and MTV Games, and distributed by Electronic Arts for the Nintendo DS, iOS, PlayStation 2, PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, PSP, Wii, Xbox One and Xbox 360 game systems.", "Rock Band __knowledge__ The series, inspired by Harmonix's previous efforts on the \"Guitar Hero\" series, allows up to four players to simulate the performance of popular rock music songs by playing with controllers modeled after musical instruments.", "Rock Band __knowledge__ Players can play the lead guitar, bass guitar, keyboard, and drums parts to songs, as well as sing into a USB microphone.", "Rock Band __knowledge__ Players are scored on their ability to match scrolling musical notes while playing instruments, and by their ability to match the singer's pitch on vocals." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The Beatles __knowledge__ The Beatles were an English rock band formed in Liverpool in 1960.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ With members John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr, they became widely regarded as the foremost and most influential music band.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ Rooted in skiffle, beat and 1950s rock and roll, the Beatles later experimented with several musical styles, ranging from pop ballads and Indian music to psychedelia and hard rock, often incorporating classical elements and unconventional recording techniques in innovative ways.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ In 1963 their enormous popularity first emerged as \"Beatlemania\"; as the group's music grew in sophistication, led by primary songwriters Lennon and McCartney, the band were integral to pop music's evolution into an art form and to the development of the counterculture of the 1960s.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ The Beatles built their reputation playing clubs in Liverpool and Hamburg over a three-year period from 1960, with Stuart Sutcliffe initially serving as bass player.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ The core trio of Lennon, McCartney and Harrison went through a succession of drummers, including Pete Best, before asking Starr to join them in 1962.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ Manager Brian Epstein moulded them into a professional act, and producer George Martin guided and developed their recordings, greatly expanding the group's popularity in the United Kingdom after their first hit, \"Love Me Do\", in late 1962.", "Abbey Road __knowledge__ Abbey Road is the eleventh album by English rock band the Beatles, released on 26 September 1969 by Apple Records.", "Abbey Road __knowledge__ The recording sessions for the album were the last in which all four Beatles participated.", "Abbey Road __knowledge__ Although \"Let It Be\" was the final album that the Beatles completed before the band's dissolution in April 1970, most of the album had been recorded before the \"Abbey Road\" sessions began.", "Abbey Road __knowledge__ A double A-side single from the album, \"Something\"/\"Come Together\", released in October, topped the \"Billboard\" chart in the US.", "Abbey Road __knowledge__ \"Abbey Road\" is a rock album that incorporates genres such as blues, pop, and progressive rock, and it makes prominent use of the Moog synthesizer and the Leslie speaker.", "Abbey Road Studios __knowledge__ Abbey Road Studios (formerly known as EMI Studios) is a recording studio at 3 Abbey Road, St John's Wood, City of Westminster, London, England.", "Abbey Road Studios __knowledge__ It was established in November 1931 by the Gramophone Company, a predecessor of British music company EMI, which owned it until Universal Music took control of part of EMI in 2013.", "Abbey Road Studios __knowledge__ Abbey Road Studios is most notable as being the 1960s' venue for innovative recording techniques adopted by the Beatles, Pink Floyd, the Hollies and others.", "Abbey Road Studios __knowledge__ One of its earliest world-famous-artist clients was Paul Robeson, who recorded December 1931 and went on to record many of his best-known songs there.", "Something (Beatles song) __knowledge__ \"Something\" is a song by the Beatles, written by George Harrison and released on the band's 1969 album \"Abbey Road\".", "Something (Beatles song) __knowledge__ It was also issued as a single coupled with another track from the album, \"Come Together\".", "Something (Beatles song) __knowledge__ \"Something\" was the first Harrison composition to appear as a Beatles A-side, and the only song written by him to top the US charts before the band's break-up in April 1970.", "Something (Beatles song) __knowledge__ The single was also one of the first Beatles singles to contain tracks already available on an LP album.", "Something (Beatles song) __knowledge__ The song drew high praise from the band's primary songwriters, John Lennon and Paul McCartney; Lennon stated that \"Something\" was the best song on \"Abbey Road\", while McCartney considered it the best song Harrison had written.", "The Beatles (album) __knowledge__ The Beatles, also known as the White Album, is the ninth studio album by English rock group the Beatles, released on 22 November 1968.", "The Beatles (album) __knowledge__ A double album, its plain white sleeve has no graphics or text other than the band's name embossed, which was intended as a direct contrast to the vivid cover artwork of the band's earlier \"Sgt.", "The Beatles (album) __knowledge__ Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band\".", "The Beatles (album) __knowledge__ Although no singles were issued from \"The Beatles\" in Britain and the United States, the songs \"Hey Jude\" and \"Revolution\" originated from the same recording sessions and were issued on a single in August 1968.", "The Beatles (album) __knowledge__ The album's songs range in style from British blues and ska to tracks influenced by Chuck Berry and by Karlheinz Stockhausen.", "All Things Must Pass __knowledge__ All Things Must Pass is a triple album by English musician George Harrison.", "All Things Must Pass __knowledge__ Recorded and released in 1970, the album was Harrison's first solo work since the break-up of the Beatles in April that year, and his third solo album overall.", "All Things Must Pass __knowledge__ It includes the hit singles \"My Sweet Lord\" and \"What Is Life\", as well as songs such as \"Isn't It a Pity\" and the title track that had been turned down for inclusion on releases by the Beatles.", "All Things Must Pass __knowledge__ The album reflects the influence of Harrison's musical activities with artists such as Bob Dylan, the Band, Delaney & Bonnie and Billy Preston during 1968–70, and his growth as an artist beyond his supporting role to former bandmates John Lennon and Paul McCartney.", "The Abbey Road Sessions (Kylie Minogue album) __knowledge__ The Abbey Road Sessions is an orchestral compilation album by Australian recording artist Kylie Minogue, released on 24 October 2012 by Parlophone.", "The Abbey Road Sessions (Kylie Minogue album) __knowledge__ The album was primarily produced by Steve Anderson and Colin Elliot.", "The Abbey Road Sessions (Kylie Minogue album) __knowledge__ The album features sixteen tracks, all radically reworked, spanning Minogue's 25 years in the music industry.", "The Abbey Road Sessions (Kylie Minogue album) __knowledge__ The album was recorded at Abbey Road Studios in London with Minogue's band and a full orchestra during November 2011.", "The Abbey Road Sessions (Kylie Minogue album) __knowledge__ Musically, the album is primarily orchestral music, which features several instrumentation of guitars, pianos, strings and drums.", "The Abbey Road Sessions (Kylie Minogue album) __knowledge__ The album's lead single \"Flower\", which was originally written in 2007, was a new titled song to the album.", "The Beatles: Rock Band __knowledge__ The Beatles: Rock Band is a 2009 music video game developed by Harmonix, published by MTV Games, and distributed by Electronic Arts.", "The Beatles: Rock Band __knowledge__ It is the third major console release in the \"Rock Band\" music video game series, in which players can simulate the playing of rock music by using controllers shaped like musical instruments.", "The Beatles: Rock Band __knowledge__ \"The Beatles: Rock Band\" is the first band-centric game in the series, and it is centered on the popular English rock group the Beatles.", "The Beatles: Rock Band __knowledge__ The game features virtual portrayals of the four band members performing the songs throughout the band's history, including depictions of some of their famous live performances, as well as a number of \"dreamscape\" sequences for songs from the Abbey Road Studios recording sessions during the group's studio years.", "Warner Bros. Records __knowledge__ Warner Bros. Records Inc. is an American major record label established in 1958 as the foundation label of the present-day Warner Music Group (WMG), and now operates as a wholly owned subsidiary of that corporation.", "Warner Bros. Records __knowledge__ Warner Bros. Records was established on March 19, 1958, as the recorded-music division of the American film studio Warner Bros.. For most of its early existence it was one of a group of labels owned and operated by larger parent corporations.", "Warner Bros. Records __knowledge__ The sequence of companies that controlled Warner Bros. and its allied labels evolved through a convoluted series of corporate mergers and acquisitions from the early 1960s to the early 2000s.", "Atlantic Records __knowledge__ Atlantic Recording Corporation (simply known as Atlantic Records) is an American major record label founded in October 1947 by Ahmet Ertegün and Herb Abramson.", "Atlantic Records __knowledge__ Over its first 20 years of operation, Atlantic Records earned a reputation as one of the most important American recording labels, specializing in jazz, R&B and soul recordings by African-American musicians including Aretha Franklin, Ray Charles, Wilson Pickett, Sam and Dave, Ruth Brown and Otis Redding, a position greatly enhanced by its distribution deal with Stax Records.", "Atlantic Records __knowledge__ In 1967, Atlantic Records became a wholly owned subsidiary of Warner Bros.-Seven Arts, now the Warner Music Group, and expanded into rock and pop music with releases by bands such as Led Zeppelin and Yes.", "Elton John __knowledge__ Sir Elton Hercules John, (born Reginald Kenneth Dwight; 25 March 1947), is an English singer, pianist, and composer.", "Elton John __knowledge__ He has worked with lyricist Bernie Taupin as his songwriting partner since 1967; they have collaborated on more than 30 albums to date.", "Elton John __knowledge__ In his five-decade career Elton John has sold more than 300million records, making him one of the best-selling music artists in the world.", "Elton John __knowledge__ He has more than fifty Top 40 hits, including seven consecutive No.", "Elton John __knowledge__ 1 US albums, 58 \"Billboard\" Top 40 singles, 27 Top 10, four No.", "Elton John __knowledge__ 2 and nine No.", "Elton John __knowledge__ 1.", "Elton John __knowledge__ For 31 consecutive years (1970–2000) he had at least one song in the \"Billboard\" Hot 100.", "George Jones __knowledge__ George Glenn Jones (September 12, 1931 – April 26, 2013) was an American musician, singer and songwriter.", "George Jones __knowledge__ He achieved international fame for his long list of hit records, including his best known song \"He Stopped Loving Her Today\", as well as his distinctive voice and phrasing.", "George Jones __knowledge__ For the last twenty years of his life, Jones was frequently referred to as the greatest living country singer.", "George Jones __knowledge__ Country music scholar Bill Malone writes, \"For the two or three minutes consumed by a song, Jones immerses himself so completely in its lyrics, and in the mood it conveys, that the listener can scarcely avoid becoming similarly involved.\"", "Book of Love (band) __knowledge__ Book of Love is an American synthpop and electronic band, formed in 1983 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and later based out of New York City.", "Book of Love (band) __knowledge__ Led by vocalist Susan Ottaviano, the band also includes keyboardists Ted Ottaviano (no relation to Susan), Lauren Roselli and Jade Lee.", "Book of Love (band) __knowledge__ The band gained its first exposure as the opening act for two Depeche Mode tours in 1985 and 1986.", "Book of Love (band) __knowledge__ The group has been described by the \"Houston Press\" as \"forward thinking\" for lyrics dealing with sexual orientation and gender roles.", "Book of Love (band) __knowledge__ Their biggest success came on the US dance charts, placing seven singles in the \"Billboard\" Hot Dance Club Play chart between 1985 and 1993.", "Narseh __knowledge__ Narseh ( , Narsē, whose name is also sometimes written as Narses or Narseus) was the seventh Sasanian king of Ērānshahr (293–302).", "Narseh __knowledge__ He was the son of Shapur I (240–270).", "Narseh __knowledge__ During the rule of his father Shapur I, Narseh had served as the governor of Sakastan, Sindh and Turan.", "Narseh __knowledge__ Prior to becoming King of Persia, he held the title of \"Great King of Armenia\".", "Narseh __knowledge__ Narseh overthrew the increasingly unpopular Bahram III in 293 with the support of most of the nobility.", "Narseh __knowledge__ The circumstances of Narseh's rise to power are detailed in the Paikuli inscription.", "Narseh __knowledge__ Narseh was known for his tolerance of other religions.", "Narseh __knowledge__ The name of Narseh stems from the Old Iranian theophoric name of *naryasa(n)ha-, meaning \"men’s praise\".", "Sasanian Empire __knowledge__ The Sasanian Empire ( or ), also known as the Sassanian, Sasanid, Sassanid or Neo-Persian Empire, known to its inhabitants as Ērānshahr in Middle Persian, was the last period of the Persian Empire (Iran) before the rise of Islam, named after the House of Sasan who ruled from 224 to 651 AD.", "Sasanian Empire __knowledge__ The Sasanian Empire, which succeeded the Parthian Empire, was recognised as one of the leading world powers alongside its neighbouring arch-rival the Roman-Byzantine Empire, for a period of more than 400 years.", "Sasanian Empire __knowledge__ The Sasanian Empire was founded by Ardashir I, after the fall of the Parthian Empire and the defeat of the last Arsacid king, Artabanus V. At its greatest extent, the Sasanian Empire encompassed all of today's Iran, Iraq, Eastern Arabia (Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatif, Qatar, UAE), the Levant (Syria, Palestine, Lebanon, Israel, Jordan), Armenia, the Caucasus (Georgia, Azerbaijan, Dagestan, South Ossetia, Abkhazia), Egypt, large parts of Turkey, much of Central Asia (Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan), Yemen and Pakistan." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The Beatles __knowledge__ The Beatles were an English rock band formed in Liverpool in 1960.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ With members John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr, they became widely regarded as the foremost and most influential music band.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ Rooted in skiffle, beat and 1950s rock and roll, the Beatles later experimented with several musical styles, ranging from pop ballads and Indian music to psychedelia and hard rock, often incorporating classical elements and unconventional recording techniques in innovative ways.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ In 1963 their enormous popularity first emerged as \"Beatlemania\"; as the group's music grew in sophistication, led by primary songwriters Lennon and McCartney, the band were integral to pop music's evolution into an art form and to the development of the counterculture of the 1960s.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ The Beatles built their reputation playing clubs in Liverpool and Hamburg over a three-year period from 1960, with Stuart Sutcliffe initially serving as bass player.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ The core trio of Lennon, McCartney and Harrison went through a succession of drummers, including Pete Best, before asking Starr to join them in 1962.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ Manager Brian Epstein moulded them into a professional act, and producer George Martin guided and developed their recordings, greatly expanding the group's popularity in the United Kingdom after their first hit, \"Love Me Do\", in late 1962.", "Paulie Harraka __knowledge__ Paul Peter \"Paulie\" Harraka (born September 15, 1989) is an American professional stock car racing driver and entrepreneur.", "Paulie Harraka __knowledge__ A graduate of Duke University and a former representative of NASCAR's Drive for Diversity program.", "Paulie Harraka __knowledge__ Harraka was born in Wayne, New Jersey, the first and only son of parents Paul Harraka and Donna Dikdan.", "Paulie Harraka __knowledge__ His parents separated during his infancy, and later divorced, but held joint custody of Harraka throughout his childhood and adolescence.", "Paulie Harraka __knowledge__ Harraka’s mother remarried, and Harraka has two sisters from his mother and stepfather.", "Paulie Harraka __knowledge__ Harraka attended Wayne Valley High School from his freshman through junior years, but spent his senior year at Lake Norman High School to be closer to NASCAR team Joe Gibbs Racing, where he worked as an engineering and research and development intern.", "Khmer clothing __knowledge__ Khmer clothing, that is, Cambodian clothing, refers to the styles of dress worn by the Khmer people from ancient times to the present.", "Khmer clothing __knowledge__ The Sampot is the national garment of Cambodia, still popular among men and women of the lower class.", "Khmer clothing __knowledge__ It is basically a sarong similar to those worn in neighboring Laos and Thailand, with slight variations.", "Khmer clothing __knowledge__ Measuring approximately one and a half meters long, the two ends of the cloth are sewn together to form a tubular garment which is worn over the lower half of the body, extending to the ankles.", "Khmer clothing __knowledge__ The wearer ties a knot of excess cloth in front to secure it at the waist.", "Chang kben __knowledge__ Sampot chang kben (; , , ; , \"pha hang\") is a lower-body, wrap-around cloth worn in the countries of Cambodia, Laos, and Thailand.", "Chang kben __knowledge__ It was the preferred choice of clothing for women of upper and middle classes for daily wear.", "Chang kben __knowledge__ The practice of daily wear died out at the beginning of the 20th century.", "Chang kben __knowledge__ Unlike the typical sampot, it is more of a pant than a skirt.", "Chang kben __knowledge__ It is a rectangular piece of cloth measuring three meters long and one meter wide.", "Chang kben __knowledge__ It is worn by wrapping it around the waist, stretching it away from the body, twisting the ends together then pulling the twisted fabric between the legs and tucking it in the back of the waist.", "Long hair __knowledge__ Long hair is a hairstyle where the head hair is allowed to grow to considerable length.", "Long hair __knowledge__ Exactly what constitutes long hair can change from culture to culture, or even within cultures.", "Long hair __knowledge__ For example, a woman with chin-length hair in some cultures may be said to have short hair, while a man with the same length of hair in some of the same cultures would be said to have long hair.", "Long hair __knowledge__ Males having short, cut hair are in many cultures viewed as being under society's control, such as while in the military or prison or as punishment for a crime.", "Long hair __knowledge__ Long lustrous female hair is generally rated attractive by both men and women across cultures.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "TriStar Motorsports __knowledge__ TriStar Motorsports is an American professional stock car racing team that currently competes in the NASCAR Xfinity Series and the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series.", "TriStar Motorsports __knowledge__ In the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series, the team currently fields the No.", "TriStar Motorsports __knowledge__ 72 Chevrolet SS full-time for Cole Whitt.", "TriStar Motorsports __knowledge__ In the Xfinity Series, the team currently fields the No.", "TriStar Motorsports __knowledge__ 14 Camry full-time for J. J. Yeley, and the No.", "TriStar Motorsports __knowledge__ 44 Camry part-time for Benny Gordon.", "TriStar Motorsports __knowledge__ The team competed in the NASCAR Winston Cup Series primarily during the early to mid 1990s, suspending racing operations in 1997 and continuing on as Tri-Star Motors, and later Pro Motor Engines, supplying engines to many NASCAR teams prior to returning to competition in 2010.", "List of Big Time Rush characters __knowledge__ This a list of fictional characters in the television series, Big Time Rush.", "List of Big Time Rush characters __knowledge__ The article deals with main, recurring, minor character and notable guest stars.", "List of Big Time Rush characters __knowledge__ Kendall Knight (Kendall Schmidt) is the leader and founder of Big Time Rush (despite being the youngest) when he accepts to move to Los Angeles and record demos only if Gustavo brings James, Carlos, and Logan along to make them all a band.", "List of Big Time Rush characters __knowledge__ He is portrayed as the glue that keeps the band together.", "List of Big Time Rush characters __knowledge__ He manages to stay cool under pressure (described as \"Cool Rush\") and figure out solutions to problems, thus often resulting in the other guys running to Kendall when they have a problem, being the most mature and responsible member of Big Time Rush.", "Beatlemania in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The phenomenon known as Beatlemania originated in the United Kingdom, birthplace of the Beatles, when the band first realised enormous popularity there in 1963.", "Beatlemania in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Returning in 1962 from a highly formative two-year residency in Germany, the Beatles achieved a commercial breakthrough with their second UK single release, \"Please Please Me\" early in 1963, but gained \"Superstar\" status with the release of \"She Loves You\" later that year.", "Beatlemania in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ There followed an almost non-stop series of concerts and tours, attended with feverish enthusiasm across the UK, for the whole of the following year.", "Beatlemania in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The Beatles' popularity in the UK came to exceed even that of the notable American artists Tommy Roe, Chris Montez and Roy Orbison, whose UK chart success at the time did not keep them from being overshadowed by the Beatles during their 1963 nationwide tours with the lower-billed band — an achievement previously unknown for a UK act.", "Beatlemania __knowledge__ Beatlemania was the intense fan frenzy directed towards the English rock band the Beatles in the 1960s.", "Beatlemania __knowledge__ The phenomenon began in 1963 and continued past the group's break-up in 1970, despite the band ceasing public performances in 1966.", "Beatlemania __knowledge__ The use of the word \"mania\" to describe fandom predates the Beatles by more than 100 years.", "Beatlemania __knowledge__ It has continued to be used to describe the popularity of musical acts, as well as popularity of public figures and trends outside the music industry.", "Beatlemania __knowledge__ Beginning in 1841, fans of Hungarian pianist and composer Franz Liszt showed a level of fanaticism similar to that of the Beatles.", "Let's Make a Deal __knowledge__ Let's Make a Deal is a television game show that originated in the United States in 1963 and has since been produced in many countries throughout the world.", "Let's Make a Deal __knowledge__ The program was created and produced by Stefan Hatos and Monty Hall, the latter serving as its host for many years.", "Let's Make a Deal __knowledge__ The format of \"Let's Make a Deal\" involves selected members of the studio audience, referred to as \"traders,\" making deals with the host.", "Let's Make a Deal __knowledge__ In most cases, a trader will be offered something of value and given a choice of whether to keep it or exchange it for a different item.", "Let's Make a Deal __knowledge__ The program's defining game mechanism is that the other item is hidden from the trader until that choice is made.", "Spice Girls __knowledge__ The Spice Girls were an English pop girl group formed in 1994.", "Spice Girls __knowledge__ The group originally consisted of Melanie Brown (\"Scary Spice\"), Melanie Chisholm (\"Sporty Spice\"), Emma Bunton (\"Baby Spice\"), Geri Halliwell (\"Ginger Spice\"), and Victoria Beckham, née Adams (\"Posh Spice\").", "Spice Girls __knowledge__ They were signed to Virgin Records and released their debut single \"Wannabe\" in 1996, which hit number one in 37 countries and established them as a global phenomenon.", "Spice Girls __knowledge__ Their debut album \"Spice\" sold more than 31 million copies worldwide, becoming the best-selling album by a female group in history.", "Spice Girls __knowledge__ Their follow-up album \"Spiceworld\" sold over 20 million copies worldwide.", "Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State __knowledge__ Hillary Clinton served as the 67th United States Secretary of State, under President Barack Obama, from 2009 to 2013, overseeing the department that conducted the Foreign policy of Barack Obama.", "Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State __knowledge__ She was preceded in office by Condoleezza Rice, and succeeded by John Kerry.", "Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State __knowledge__ She is also the only former First Lady of the United States to become a member of the United States Cabinet.", "Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State __knowledge__ Within a week after the November 4, 2008, presidential election, President-elect Obama and Clinton discussed over telephone the possibility of her serving as U.S. Secretary of State in his administration.", "Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State __knowledge__ Clinton later related, \"He said I want you to be my secretary of state.", "Beatlemania (musical) __knowledge__ Beatlemania was a Broadway musical revue focused on the music of The Beatles as it related to the events and changing attitudes of the tumultuous 1960s.", "Beatlemania (musical) __knowledge__ A \"rockumentary,\" advertised as \"\"Not the Beatles, but an incredible simulation\",\" it ran from 1977 to 1979 for a total of 1,006 performances.", "Beatlemania (musical) __knowledge__ \"Beatlemania\" took the form of a roughly chronological history of The Beatles via their music.", "Beatlemania (musical) __knowledge__ About 50 songs were performed during the show.", "Beatlemania (musical) __knowledge__ Other than some onstage banter, there was very little dialogue during the production, which consisted mostly of exact re-enactments of the Beatles' music.", "Beatlemania (musical) __knowledge__ The multimedia production was notable for its extensive use of backdrops, slides, newspaper headlines, and video footage to evoke the 1960s and iconic Beatle moments." ] ]

[ 1, 7, 4, 3 ]

[ "They formed the English rock band in Liverpool in 1960 and became very popular in 1963.", "Their first hit was \"Love Me Do\" in 1962, but I'm not sure of the name of the album. ", "Yes! I went there when I was in London. Beatlemania was definitely a big deal in 1963 when their popularity emerged. Screaming girls everywhere.", "Yes. They experimented with several musical styles and were very innovative. I guess they were innovative with their hair too!" ]

[ "The Beatles", "The Beatles", "The Beatles", "The Beatles" ]

[ "Ice hockey", "Nothin' wrong with that! It's super fun to watch. I followed the Capitals/Golden Knights Stanley Cup this year.", "Oh Dallas has a team? I had no idea! Well now I'm wondering if Houston does too..." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is a contact team sport played on ice, usually in a rink, in which two teams of skaters use their sticks to shoot a vulcanized rubber puck into their opponent's net to score points.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ The sport is known to be fast-paced and physical, with teams usually consisting of six players each: one goaltender, and five players who skate up and down the ice trying to take the puck and score a goal against the opposing team.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is most popular in Canada, central and eastern Europe, Scandinavia, Russia and the United States.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is the official national winter sport of Canada, and enjoys immense popularity; alongside Canada, ice hockey is the most popular winter sport in Belarus, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Finland, Latvia, Russia, Slovakia, Sweden, and Switzerland.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ North America's National Hockey League (NHL) is the highest level for men's ice hockey and the strongest professional ice hockey league in the world.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ The Kontinental Hockey League (KHL) is the highest league in Russia and much of Eastern Europe.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ The International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) is the formal governing body for international ice hockey, with the IIHF managing international tournaments and maintaining the IIHF World Ranking." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is a contact team sport played on ice, usually in a rink, in which two teams of skaters use their sticks to shoot a vulcanized rubber puck into their opponent's net to score points.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ The sport is known to be fast-paced and physical, with teams usually consisting of six players each: one goaltender, and five players who skate up and down the ice trying to take the puck and score a goal against the opposing team.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is most popular in Canada, central and eastern Europe, Scandinavia, Russia and the United States.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is the official national winter sport of Canada, and enjoys immense popularity; alongside Canada, ice hockey is the most popular winter sport in Belarus, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Finland, Latvia, Russia, Slovakia, Sweden, and Switzerland.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ North America's National Hockey League (NHL) is the highest level for men's ice hockey and the strongest professional ice hockey league in the world.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ The Kontinental Hockey League (KHL) is the highest league in Russia and much of Eastern Europe.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ The International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) is the formal governing body for international ice hockey, with the IIHF managing international tournaments and maintaining the IIHF World Ranking.", "National Hockey League rivalries __knowledge__ Rivalries in the National Hockey League have occurred between many teams and cities.", "National Hockey League rivalries __knowledge__ Rivalries have arisen for many different reasons, the primary ones including geographic proximity, familiarity with opponents, on-ice incidents, and cultural, linguistic, or national pride.", "National Hockey League rivalries __knowledge__ The importance of these various factors has varied widely throughout the history of the league.", "National Hockey League rivalries __knowledge__ During the earliest days of the NHL, the league was limited strictly to Central Canada, and all cities in the league were in close proximity, making for bitter rivalries all around.", "National Hockey League rivalries __knowledge__ In addition, Montreal had two teams representing its English-French divide.", "National Hockey League __knowledge__ The National Hockey League (NHL; ) is a professional ice hockey league in North America, currently comprising 31 teams: 24 in the United States and 7 in Canada.", "National Hockey League __knowledge__ The NHL is considered to be the premier professional ice hockey league in the world, and one of the major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada.", "National Hockey League __knowledge__ The Stanley Cup, the oldest professional sports trophy in North America, is awarded annually to the league playoff champion at the end of each season.", "National Hockey League __knowledge__ The National Hockey League was organized on November 26, 1917, in Montreal after the suspension of operations of its predecessor organization, the National Hockey Association (NHA), which had been founded in 1909 in Renfrew, Ontario.", "Chicago Blackhawks __knowledge__ The Chicago Blackhawks (spelled Black Hawks until 1986, and known colloquially as the Hawks) are a professional ice hockey team based in Chicago, Illinois.", "Chicago Blackhawks __knowledge__ They are members of the Central Division of the Western Conference of the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Chicago Blackhawks __knowledge__ They have won six Stanley Cup championships since their founding in 1926.", "Chicago Blackhawks __knowledge__ The Blackhawks are one of the \"Original Six\" NHL teams along with the Detroit Red Wings, Montreal Canadiens, Toronto Maple Leafs, Boston Bruins and New York Rangers.", "Chicago Blackhawks __knowledge__ Since , the club's home rink is the United Center.", "Chicago Blackhawks __knowledge__ The club had previously played for 65 years at Chicago Stadium.", "List of NHL franchise post-season droughts __knowledge__ This article is a list of the active and all-time National Hockey League (NHL) franchise post-season appearance, post-season series win, Stanley Cup Finals and Stanley Cup droughts up to and including the 2016 Stanley Cup playoffs.", "List of NHL franchise post-season droughts __knowledge__ Those teams which have never made it in franchise history are listed by the season that they entered the league, either as a new franchise or when they merged into the NHL from the defunct World Hockey Association (WHA) league.", "List of NHL franchise post-season droughts __knowledge__ \"Note: These lists do not include the cancelled 2004–05 NHL season.\"", "List of NHL franchise post-season droughts __knowledge__ Among the current 31 NHL teams, 13 have never won the Stanley Cup, including one (the St. Louis Blues) that is among the five oldest expansion teams.", "Marc-André Fleury __knowledge__ Marc-André Fleury (born November 28, 1984) is a French-Canadian professional ice hockey goaltender playing for the Vegas Golden Knights of the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Marc-André Fleury __knowledge__ Drafted out of the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League (QMJHL) first overall by the Pittsburgh Penguins in the 2003 NHL Entry Draft, Fleury played major junior for four seasons with the Cape Breton Screaming Eagles, earning both the Mike Bossy Trophy as the league's top prospect and the Telus Cup as the top defensive player in 2003.", "Marc-André Fleury __knowledge__ He joined the Penguins in 2003–04 and has won three Stanley Cup championships with the team in 2009, 2016, and 2017.", "History of the National Hockey League (1992–present) __knowledge__ The National Hockey League (NHL) has endured a tumultuous period of history in recent years.", "History of the National Hockey League (1992–present) __knowledge__ It has grown from 22 teams in 1992 to 31 today as the league expanded across the United States.", "History of the National Hockey League (1992–present) __knowledge__ Repeated labour conflicts interrupted play in 1992, 1994–95, 2004–05 and 2012–13; the second lockout caused the entire 2004–05 NHL season to be canceled, the first time in North American history that a sports league has canceled an entire season in a labour dispute.", "History of the National Hockey League (1992–present) __knowledge__ Five franchises have relocated during this time: the Minnesota North Stars became the Dallas Stars (1993), the Quebec Nordiques became the Colorado Avalanche (1995), the Winnipeg Jets became the Phoenix Coyotes (1996), the Hartford Whalers became the Carolina Hurricanes (1997), and the Atlanta Thrashers became the second franchise known as the Winnipeg Jets (2011).", "Ottawa Senators (original) __knowledge__ The Ottawa Senators were an ice hockey team based in Ottawa, Canada which existed from 1883 to 1954.", "Ottawa Senators (original) __knowledge__ The club was the first hockey club in Ontario, a founding member of the National Hockey League (NHL) and played in the NHL from 1917 until 1934.", "Ottawa Senators (original) __knowledge__ The club, which was officially the Ottawa Hockey Club (Ottawa HC), was known by several nicknames, including the \"Generals\" in the 1890s, the \"Silver Seven\" from 1903 to 1907 and the \"Senators\" dating from 1908.", "Ottawa Senators (original) __knowledge__ Generally acknowledged by hockey historians as one of the greatest teams of the early days of the sport, the club won numerous championships, starting with the 1891 to 1893 Ontario championships.", "Russia __knowledge__ Russia (; ), also officially known as the Russian Federation (), is a sovereign country in Eurasia.", "Russia __knowledge__ At , Russia is the largest country in the world by area, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with over 144 million people at the end of March 2016.", "Russia __knowledge__ The European western part of the country is much more populated and urbanised than the eastern; about 77% of the population live in European Russia.", "Russia __knowledge__ Russia's capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world; other major urban centers include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg, Chelyabinsk, Nizhny Novgorod, Ufa, and Kazan.", "Bandy __knowledge__ Bandy is a team winter sport played on ice, in which skaters use sticks to direct a ball into the opposing team's goal.", "Bandy __knowledge__ Based on the number of participating athletes, bandy is the world's second most popular winter sport after ice hockey.", "Bandy __knowledge__ Bandy is also the number two winter sport in tickets sold per day of competitions at the sport's world championship compared to the other winter sports.", "Bandy __knowledge__ The sport is considered a form of hockey and has a common background with association football, ice hockey and field hockey.", "Bandy __knowledge__ Like football, the game is normally played in halves of 45 minutes each, there are eleven players on each team, and the bandy field is about the same size as a football pitch.", "Summit Series __knowledge__ The Summit Series, or Super Series (in Russian \"Суперсерия СССР — Канада\"; \"Superseriya SSSR — Canada\"), known at the time simply as the Canada–USSR Series, was an eight-game series of ice hockey between the Soviet Union and Canada, held in September 1972.", "Summit Series __knowledge__ It was the first competition between the Soviet national team and a Canadian team represented by professional players of the National Hockey League (NHL), known as \"Team Canada\".", "Summit Series __knowledge__ It was the first international ice hockey competition for Canada after Canada had withdrawn from international ice hockey competitions in a dispute with the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF).", "Czech Republic __knowledge__ The Czech Republic ( , ), also known as Czechia (; , ), is a landlocked nation state in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west, Austria to the south, Slovakia to the east and Poland to the northeast.", "Czech Republic __knowledge__ The Czech Republic covers an area of with a mostly temperate continental climate and oceanic climate.", "Czech Republic __knowledge__ It is a unitary parliamentary republic, has /1e6 round 1 million inhabitants and the capital and largest city is Prague, with over 1.2 million residents.", "Czech Republic __knowledge__ The Czech Republic includes the historical territories of Bohemia, Moravia, and Czech Silesia.", "Czech Republic __knowledge__ The Czech state was formed in the late 9th century as the Duchy of Bohemia under the Great Moravian Empire.", "Central Europe __knowledge__ Central Europe is the region comprising the central part of Europe.", "Central Europe __knowledge__ It is said to occupy continuous territory that are otherwise conventionally Eastern Europe and Western Europe.", "Central Europe __knowledge__ The concept of Central Europe is based on a common historical, social and cultural identity.", "Central Europe __knowledge__ Central Europe is going through a phase of \"strategic awakening\", with initiatives such as the CEI, Centrope and the Visegrád Four.", "Central Europe __knowledge__ While the region's economy shows high disparities with regard to income, all Central European countries are listed by the Human Development Index as very highly developed.", "Central Europe __knowledge__ Elements of unity for Western and Central Europe were Roman Catholicism and Latin.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Sweden ( ; ), officially the Kingdom of Sweden (Swedish: ), is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe.", "Sweden __knowledge__ It borders Norway to the west and north and Finland to the east, and is connected to Denmark in the southwest by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund.", "Sweden __knowledge__ At , Sweden is the third-largest country in the European Union by area.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Sweden has a total population of 10 million of which 2.3 million has a foreign background.", "Sweden __knowledge__ It has a low population density of ; the highest concentration is in the southern half of the country.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Approximately 85% of the population lives in urban areas.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Germanic peoples have inhabited Sweden since prehistoric times, emerging into history as the Geats (Swedish Götar) and Swedes (Svear) and constituting the sea peoples known as the Norsemen." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is a contact team sport played on ice, usually in a rink, in which two teams of skaters use their sticks to shoot a vulcanized rubber puck into their opponent's net to score points.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ The sport is known to be fast-paced and physical, with teams usually consisting of six players each: one goaltender, and five players who skate up and down the ice trying to take the puck and score a goal against the opposing team.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is most popular in Canada, central and eastern Europe, Scandinavia, Russia and the United States.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is the official national winter sport of Canada, and enjoys immense popularity; alongside Canada, ice hockey is the most popular winter sport in Belarus, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Finland, Latvia, Russia, Slovakia, Sweden, and Switzerland.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ North America's National Hockey League (NHL) is the highest level for men's ice hockey and the strongest professional ice hockey league in the world.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ The Kontinental Hockey League (KHL) is the highest league in Russia and much of Eastern Europe.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ The International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) is the formal governing body for international ice hockey, with the IIHF managing international tournaments and maintaining the IIHF World Ranking.", "Dallas __knowledge__ Dallas () is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.", "Dallas __knowledge__ It is the most populous city in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex, which is the fourth most populous metropolitan area in the United States.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The city's population ranks ninth in the U.S. and third in Texas after Houston and San Antonio.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The city's prominence arose from its historical importance as a center for the oil and cotton industries, and its position along numerous railroad lines.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The bulk of the city is in Dallas County, of which it is the county seat; however, sections of the city are located in Collin, Denton, Kaufman, and Rockwall counties.", "2007 Houston Dynamo season __knowledge__ The 2007 Houston Dynamo season was the second season of the Houston club franchise.", "2007 Houston Dynamo season __knowledge__ The Houston Dynamo were the defending champions from the previous season and prevailed to win back-to-back MLS Cups as they defeated the New England Revolution for the second year in a row in the MLS Cup final.", "2007 Houston Dynamo season __knowledge__ The Dynamo began the 2007 season early as they were part of the 2007 CONCACAF Champions Cup tournament, having qualified by winning the 2006 MLS Cup.", "2007 Houston Dynamo season __knowledge__ After eliminating Puntarenas FC of Costa Rica in a dramatic quarterfinal win, the Dynamo lost the 2007 CONCACAF Champions' Cup semifinal to C.F.", "2007 Houston Dynamo season __knowledge__ Pachuca on 5–4 aggregate after extra time.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ The Dallas Mavericks (often referred to as the Mavs) are an American professional basketball team based in Dallas, Texas.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ The Mavericks compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member club of the league's Western Conference Southwest Division.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ The team plays its home games at the American Airlines Center, which it shares with the National Hockey League's Dallas Stars.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ According to a 2016 \"Forbes\" magazine report, they are the ninth most valuable basketball franchise in the NBA, valued at approximately $1.4 billion.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ As of the 2017 season, the Mavericks have sold out 704 consecutive games since December 15, 2001, the longest currently running sellout streak in North American major league sports.", "Texas __knowledge__ Texas (, ; ) is the second-largest state in the United States by both area and population.", "Texas __knowledge__ Geographically located in the South Central region of the country, Texas shares borders with the U.S. states of Louisiana to the east, Arkansas to the northeast, Oklahoma to the north, New Mexico to the west, and the Mexican states of Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León, and Tamaulipas to the southwest, while the Gulf of Mexico is to the southeast.", "Texas __knowledge__ Houston is the most populous city in Texas and the fourth largest in the U.S., while San Antonio is the second-most populous in the state and seventh largest in the U.S. Dallas–Fort Worth and Greater Houston are the fourth and fifth largest metropolitan statistical areas in the country, respectively.", "Music of Texas __knowledge__ The U.S. state of Texas has long been a center for musical innovation and is the birthplace of many notable musicians.", "Music of Texas __knowledge__ Texans have pioneered developments in Tejano and Conjunto music, Rock 'n Roll, Western swing, jazz, punk rock, country, hip-hop, electronic music, gothic industrial music, religious music, mariachi, psychedelic rock, zydeco and the blues.", "Music of Texas __knowledge__ Sacred music has a long tradition in the state of Texas.", "Music of Texas __knowledge__ The East Texas Musical Convention was organized in 1855, and is the oldest Sacred Harp convention in Texas, and the second oldest in the United States.", "Music of Texas __knowledge__ The Southwest Texas Sacred Harp Convention was organized in 1900.", "Throwback uniform __knowledge__ Throwback uniforms, throwback jerseys or retro kits or heritage guernseys are sports uniforms styled to resemble the uniforms that a team wore in the past.", "Throwback uniform __knowledge__ One-time or limited-time retro uniforms are sometimes produced to be worn by teams in games, on special occasions such as anniversaries of significant events.", "Throwback uniform __knowledge__ Throwback uniforms have proven popular in all major pro and college sports in North America, not only with fans, but with the teams' merchandising departments.", "Throwback uniform __knowledge__ Because the \"authentic\" uniforms (accurate reproductions) and less-authentic \"replicas\" had been so popular at retail, the professional leagues institutionalized throwbacks as \"third jerseys\".", "World Class Championship Wrestling __knowledge__ World Class Championship Wrestling (WCCW), also known as the World Class Wrestling Association (WCWA), was an American professional wrestling promotion headquartered in Dallas and Fort Worth, Texas.", "World Class Championship Wrestling __knowledge__ Originally owned by promoter Ed McLemore, by 1966 it was run by Southwest Sports, Inc., whose president, Jack Adkisson, was better known as wrestler Fritz Von Erich.", "World Class Championship Wrestling __knowledge__ Beginning as a territory of the National Wrestling Alliance (NWA), it went independent in 1986 in a bid to become a major national promotion, but was unsuccessful in its attempts and eventually went out of business in 1990.", "World Class Championship Wrestling __knowledge__ Rights to the pre-1989 WCCW tape library belong to WWE (the post-1988 rights are owned by International World Class Championship Wrestling) and selected programming from 1982 to 1988 are available to be viewed on the WWE Network.", "Chicago Blackhawks __knowledge__ The Chicago Blackhawks (spelled Black Hawks until 1986, and known colloquially as the Hawks) are a professional ice hockey team based in Chicago, Illinois.", "Chicago Blackhawks __knowledge__ They are members of the Central Division of the Western Conference of the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Chicago Blackhawks __knowledge__ They have won six Stanley Cup championships since their founding in 1926.", "Chicago Blackhawks __knowledge__ The Blackhawks are one of the \"Original Six\" NHL teams along with the Detroit Red Wings, Montreal Canadiens, Toronto Maple Leafs, Boston Bruins and New York Rangers.", "Chicago Blackhawks __knowledge__ Since , the club's home rink is the United Center.", "Chicago Blackhawks __knowledge__ The club had previously played for 65 years at Chicago Stadium.", "National Hockey League rivalries __knowledge__ Rivalries in the National Hockey League have occurred between many teams and cities.", "National Hockey League rivalries __knowledge__ Rivalries have arisen for many different reasons, the primary ones including geographic proximity, familiarity with opponents, on-ice incidents, and cultural, linguistic, or national pride.", "National Hockey League rivalries __knowledge__ The importance of these various factors has varied widely throughout the history of the league.", "National Hockey League rivalries __knowledge__ During the earliest days of the NHL, the league was limited strictly to Central Canada, and all cities in the league were in close proximity, making for bitter rivalries all around.", "National Hockey League rivalries __knowledge__ In addition, Montreal had two teams representing its English-French divide.", "Dallas Stars __knowledge__ The Dallas Stars are a professional ice hockey team based in Dallas.", "Dallas Stars __knowledge__ They are members of the Central Division of the Western Conference of the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Dallas Stars __knowledge__ The team was founded during the 1967 NHL expansion as the Minnesota North Stars, based in Bloomington, Minnesota.", "Dallas Stars __knowledge__ Before the beginning of the 1978–79 NHL season, the team merged with the Cleveland Barons after the league granted them permission due to each team's respective financial struggles.", "Dallas Stars __knowledge__ Ultimately, the franchise relocated to Dallas for the 1993–94 NHL season.", "Dallas Stars __knowledge__ The Stars played out of Reunion Arena from their relocation until 2001, when the team moved less than 1.5 miles into the American Airlines Center.", "Traditions and anecdotes associated with the Stanley Cup __knowledge__ There are many traditions and anecdotes associated with the Stanley Cup.", "Traditions and anecdotes associated with the Stanley Cup __knowledge__ The Stanley Cup is the championship trophy of the National Hockey League (NHL), the major professional ice hockey league in Canada and the United States.", "Traditions and anecdotes associated with the Stanley Cup __knowledge__ It is commonly referred to as simply \"The Cup\", \"The Holy Grail\" or facetiously (chiefly by sportswriters) as \"Lord Stanley's Mug\".", "Traditions and anecdotes associated with the Stanley Cup __knowledge__ Unlike the trophies awarded by the other three major professional sports leagues of North America, a new Stanley Cup is not made annually; the champions keep the Cup until a new champion is crowned.", "Traditions and anecdotes associated with the Stanley Cup __knowledge__ It is also one of only two trophies in professional North American sports which has the name of the winning players, coaches, management, and club staff engraved upon it, the other being the CFL's Grey Cup.", "History of the Detroit Red Wings __knowledge__ The Detroit Red Wings professional ice hockey club was founded as the Detroit Cougars on September 25, 1926, one of three teams to join the National Hockey League (NHL) in 1926.", "History of the Detroit Red Wings __knowledge__ With the demise of the Western Canada Hockey League (WCHL), the rights to the players of the Victoria Cougars were purchased by a Detroit group led by Charles A. Hughes who kept the name \"Cougars\" for their NHL club.", "History of the Detroit Red Wings __knowledge__ The new team struggled financially; in 1930, the Cougars changed their name to the Detroit Falcons, and after being bought out of receivership by James E. Norris were renamed as the Detroit Red Wings in 1932.", "Detroit Red Wings __knowledge__ The Detroit Red Wings are a professional ice hockey team based in Detroit.", "Detroit Red Wings __knowledge__ They are members of the Atlantic Division in the Eastern Conference of the National Hockey League (NHL) and are one of the Original Six teams of the league.", "Detroit Red Wings __knowledge__ Founded in 1926, the team was known as the Detroit Cougars from then until 1930.", "Detroit Red Wings __knowledge__ For the 1930–31 and 1931–32 seasons the team was called the Detroit Falcons, and in 1932 changed their name to the Red Wings.", "Detroit Red Wings __knowledge__ , the Red Wings have won the most Stanley Cup championships of any NHL franchise based in the United States (11) and are third overall in total Stanley Cup championships, behind the Montreal Canadiens (24) and Toronto Maple Leafs (13).", "History of the National Hockey League (1992–present) __knowledge__ The National Hockey League (NHL) has endured a tumultuous period of history in recent years.", "History of the National Hockey League (1992–present) __knowledge__ It has grown from 22 teams in 1992 to 31 today as the league expanded across the United States.", "History of the National Hockey League (1992–present) __knowledge__ Repeated labour conflicts interrupted play in 1992, 1994–95, 2004–05 and 2012–13; the second lockout caused the entire 2004–05 NHL season to be canceled, the first time in North American history that a sports league has canceled an entire season in a labour dispute.", "History of the National Hockey League (1992–present) __knowledge__ Five franchises have relocated during this time: the Minnesota North Stars became the Dallas Stars (1993), the Quebec Nordiques became the Colorado Avalanche (1995), the Winnipeg Jets became the Phoenix Coyotes (1996), the Hartford Whalers became the Carolina Hurricanes (1997), and the Atlanta Thrashers became the second franchise known as the Winnipeg Jets (2011)." ] ]

[ 3, 17, 23 ]

[ "I love ice hockey even though it is most popular in Canada, central Europe and Russia", "I followed the Stanley Cup a bit this year as well. I enjoy watching the Chicago Blackhawks based in Chicago and my hometown Dallas Stars the best", "I do not believe so. Even though Texas is the second-largest state in the US, not big enough to support to ice-hockey teams" ]

[ "Ice hockey", "Ice hockey", "Ice hockey" ]

[ "Parenting", "I do not. What else do you know about parenting", "Are there classes you can take to teach you how to be a parent?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting or child rearing is the process of promoting and supporting the physical, emotional, social, and intellectual development of a child from infancy to adulthood.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting refers to the intricacies of raising a child aside from the biological relationship.", "Parenting __knowledge__ The most common caretaker in parenting is the biological parent(s) of the child in question, although others may be an older sibling, a grandparent, a legal guardian, aunt, uncle or other family member, or a family friend.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Governments and society may have a role in child-rearing as well.", "Parenting __knowledge__ In many cases, orphaned or abandoned children receive parental care from non-parent blood relations.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Others may be adopted, raised in foster care, or placed in an orphanage.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting skills vary, and a parent with good parenting skills may be referred to as a \"good parent\".", "Parenting __knowledge__ The English pediatrician and psychoanalyst Donald Winnicott described the concept of \"good-enough\" parenting in which a minimum of prerequisites for healthy child development are met.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Winnicott wrote, \"The good-enough mother...starts off with an almost complete adaptation to her infant's needs, and as time proceeds she adapts less and less completely, gradually, according to the infant's growing ability to deal with her failure.\"" ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting or child rearing is the process of promoting and supporting the physical, emotional, social, and intellectual development of a child from infancy to adulthood.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting refers to the intricacies of raising a child aside from the biological relationship.", "Parenting __knowledge__ The most common caretaker in parenting is the biological parent(s) of the child in question, although others may be an older sibling, a grandparent, a legal guardian, aunt, uncle or other family member, or a family friend.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Governments and society may have a role in child-rearing as well.", "Parenting __knowledge__ In many cases, orphaned or abandoned children receive parental care from non-parent blood relations.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Others may be adopted, raised in foster care, or placed in an orphanage.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting skills vary, and a parent with good parenting skills may be referred to as a \"good parent\".", "Parenting __knowledge__ The English pediatrician and psychoanalyst Donald Winnicott described the concept of \"good-enough\" parenting in which a minimum of prerequisites for healthy child development are met.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Winnicott wrote, \"The good-enough mother...starts off with an almost complete adaptation to her infant's needs, and as time proceeds she adapts less and less completely, gradually, according to the infant's growing ability to deal with her failure.\"", "Attachment parenting __knowledge__ Attachment parenting (AP) is a parenting philosophy that proposes methods which aim to promote the attachment of mother and infant not only by maximal maternal empathy and responsiveness but also by continuous bodily closeness and touch.", "Attachment parenting __knowledge__ The term \"attachment parenting\" has been coined by the American pediatrician William Sears.", "Attachment parenting __knowledge__ In family sociology, attachment parenting is considered to be the most striking manifestation of \"intensive mothering\" or \"New momism\".", "Attachment parenting __knowledge__ The doctrine has hence been targeted by criticism from a host of objectors.", "Attachment parenting __knowledge__ Attachment parenting is only one of many responsiveness and love-oriented parenting philosophies that entered the pedagogical mainstream after World War II, and it owes many of its ideas to older teachings, such as Benjamin Spock's influential handbook \"Baby and Child Care\" (1946).", "Parenting styles __knowledge__ A parenting style is a psychological construct representing standard strategies that parents use in their child rearing.", "Parenting styles __knowledge__ The quality of parenting can be more essential than the quantity of time spent with the child.", "Parenting styles __knowledge__ For instance, a parent can spend an entire afternoon with his or her child, yet the parent may be engaging in a different activity and not demonstrating enough interest towards the child.", "Parenting styles __knowledge__ Parenting styles are the representation of how parents respond and demand to their children.", "Parenting styles __knowledge__ Parenting practices are specific behaviors, while parenting styles represent broader patterns of parenting practices.", "LGBT parenting __knowledge__ LGBT parenting refers to lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people raising one or more children as parents or foster care parents.", "LGBT parenting __knowledge__ This includes: children raised by same-sex couples (same-sex parenting), children raised by single LGBT parents, and children raised by an opposite-sex couple where at least one partner is LGBT.", "LGBT parenting __knowledge__ LGBT people can become parents through various means including current or former relationships, coparenting, adoption, donor insemination, and surrogacy.", "LGBT parenting __knowledge__ Scientific research consistently shows that gay and lesbian parents are as fit and capable as heterosexual parents, and their children are as psychologically healthy and well-adjusted as those reared by heterosexual parents.", "Parenting coordinator __knowledge__ Parenting coordinator (PC) is a relatively new practice used in some US states to manage ongoing issues in high-conflict child custody and visitation cases by professional psychologist or a lawyer assigned by the Court.", "Parenting coordinator __knowledge__ There are 10 states as of May 2011 that have passed legislation regarding parenting coordinators: Colorado (since 2005), Idaho (2002), Louisiana (2007), New Hampshire (2009), North Carolina (2005), Oklahoma (2001), Oregon (2002), Texas (2005), and Florida (2009).", "Parenting coordinator __knowledge__ Legislation has been pending in Massachusetts for many years without significant progress.", "Parenting coordinator __knowledge__ In September 2014, the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court addressed the issue of whether the trial judge had the power to appoint a parenting coordinator without consent of both parties and to give the parenting coordinator binding authority to decide all matters brought before her.", "Parenting (magazine) __knowledge__ Parenting was a magazine for families and it was published in United States between 1987 and 2013.", "Parenting (magazine) __knowledge__ Its headquarters was in Winter Park, Florida.", "Parenting (magazine) __knowledge__ \"Parenting\" was launched in 1987 by Time Inc..", "Parenting (magazine) __knowledge__ In February 2009, the magazine became two separate, age-targeted editions: Parenting Early Years, for moms of infants, toddlers and preschoolers, and Parenting School Years, for moms with kids in kindergarten through age 12.", "Parenting (magazine) __knowledge__ Meredith Corporation, which owns \"Parents\", the magazine's biggest competitor, bought \"Parenting\" in May 2013 and shuttered the title in July 2013.", "Parenting (magazine) __knowledge__ Parenting.com, its companion website, lives on.", "Parenting plan __knowledge__ A parenting plan is a child custody plan that is negotiated by parents, and which may be included in a marital separation agreement or final decree of divorce.", "Parenting plan __knowledge__ Especially when a separation is acrimonious to begin with, specific agreements about who will discharge these responsibilities and when and how they are to be discharged can reduce the need for litigation.", "Parenting plan __knowledge__ Avoiding litigation spares parties not only the financial and emotional costs of litigation but the uncertainty of how favorable or unfavorable a court's after-the-fact decision will be.", "Parenting plan __knowledge__ Moreover, the agreement itself can authorize the employment of dispute-resolution methods, such as arbitration and mediation, that may be less costly than litigation.", "Developmental psychology __knowledge__ Developmental psychology is the scientific study of how and why human beings change over the course of their life.", "Developmental psychology __knowledge__ Originally concerned with infants and children, the field has expanded to include adolescence, adult development, aging, and the entire lifespan.", "Developmental psychology __knowledge__ Developmental psychologists aim to explain how thinking, feeling and behaviour change throughout life.", "Developmental psychology __knowledge__ This field examines change across three major dimensions: physical development, cognitive development, and socioemotional development.", "Developmental psychology __knowledge__ Within these three dimensions are a broad range of topics including motor skills, executive functions, moral understanding, language acquisition, social change, personality, emotional development, self-concept and identity formation.", "Child development __knowledge__ Child development entails the biological, psychological and emotional changes that occur in human beings between birth and the end of adolescence, as the individual progresses from dependency to increasing autonomy.", "Child development __knowledge__ It is a continuous process with a predictable sequence, yet having a unique course for every child.", "Child development __knowledge__ It does not progress at the same rate and each stage is affected by the preceding developmental experiences.", "Child development __knowledge__ Because these developmental changes may be strongly influenced by genetic factors and events during prenatal life, genetics and prenatal development are usually included as part of the study of child development.", "Attachment theory __knowledge__ Attachment theory is a psychological model that attempts to describe the dynamics of long-term and short-term interpersonal relationships between humans.", "Attachment theory __knowledge__ However, \"attachment theory is not formulated as a general theory of relationships.", "Attachment theory __knowledge__ It addresses only a specific facet\": how human beings respond within relationships when hurt, separated from loved ones, or perceiving a threat.", "Attachment theory __knowledge__ Essentially all infants become attached if provided any caregiver, but there are individual differences in the quality of the relationships.", "Attachment theory __knowledge__ In infants, attachment as a motivational and behavioral system directs the child to seek proximity with a familiar caregiver when they are alarmed, with the expectation that they will receive protection and emotional support.", "Child abuse __knowledge__ Child abuse or child maltreatment is physical, sexual, or psychological maltreatment or neglect of a child or children, especially by a parent or other caregiver.", "Child abuse __knowledge__ Child abuse may include any act or failure to act by a parent or other caregiver that results in actual or potential harm to a child, and can occur in a child's home, or in the organizations, schools or communities the child interacts with.", "Child abuse __knowledge__ The terms \"child abuse\" and \"child maltreatment\" are often used interchangeably, although some researchers make a distinction between them, treating \"child maltreatment\" as an umbrella term to cover neglect, exploitation, and trafficking.", "Jean Piaget __knowledge__ Jean Piaget (; 9 August 1896 – 16 September 1980) was a Swiss psychologist and epistemologist known for his pioneering work in child development.", "Jean Piaget __knowledge__ Piaget's theory of cognitive development and epistemological view are together called \"genetic epistemology\".", "Jean Piaget __knowledge__ Piaget placed great importance on the education of children.", "Jean Piaget __knowledge__ As the Director of the International Bureau of Education, he declared in 1934 that \"only education is capable of saving our societies from possible collapse, whether violent, or gradual.\"", "Jean Piaget __knowledge__ His theory of child development is studied in pre-service education programs.", "Jean Piaget __knowledge__ Educators continue to incorporate constructivist-based strategies.", "Social inhibition __knowledge__ Social inhibition is a conscious or subconscious avoidance of a situation or social interaction.", "Social inhibition __knowledge__ With a high level of social inhibition, situations are avoided because of the possibility of others disapproving of their feelings or expressions.", "Social inhibition __knowledge__ Social inhibition is related to behavior, appearance, social interactions, or a subject matter for discussion.", "Social inhibition __knowledge__ Related processes that deal with social inhibition are social evaluation concerns, anxiety in social interaction, social avoidance, and withdrawal.", "Social inhibition __knowledge__ Also related are components such as cognitive brain patterns, anxious apprehension during social interactions, and internalizing problems." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting or child rearing is the process of promoting and supporting the physical, emotional, social, and intellectual development of a child from infancy to adulthood.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting refers to the intricacies of raising a child aside from the biological relationship.", "Parenting __knowledge__ The most common caretaker in parenting is the biological parent(s) of the child in question, although others may be an older sibling, a grandparent, a legal guardian, aunt, uncle or other family member, or a family friend.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Governments and society may have a role in child-rearing as well.", "Parenting __knowledge__ In many cases, orphaned or abandoned children receive parental care from non-parent blood relations.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Others may be adopted, raised in foster care, or placed in an orphanage.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting skills vary, and a parent with good parenting skills may be referred to as a \"good parent\".", "Parenting __knowledge__ The English pediatrician and psychoanalyst Donald Winnicott described the concept of \"good-enough\" parenting in which a minimum of prerequisites for healthy child development are met.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Winnicott wrote, \"The good-enough mother...starts off with an almost complete adaptation to her infant's needs, and as time proceeds she adapts less and less completely, gradually, according to the infant's growing ability to deal with her failure.\"", "Bilingual education __knowledge__ Bilingual education involves teaching academic content in two languages, in a native and secondary language with varying amounts of each language used in accordance with the program model.", "Bilingual education __knowledge__ The following are several different types of bilingual education program models: Dual Immersion classrooms encourage students but with the permission it may be enthusiastic &' native language development, making an important contribution to heritage language maintenance and allows language minority students to remain in classrooms with their native English-speaking peers, resulting in linguistic and sociocultural advantages (Christian, 1996b).", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ Education in the United States is provided by public, private and home schools.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ State governments set overall educational standards, often mandate standardized tests for K–12 public school systems and supervise, usually through a board of regents, state colleges and universities.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ Funding comes from the state, local, and federal government.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ Private schools are generally free to determine their own curriculum and staffing policies, with voluntary accreditation available through independent regional accreditation authorities, although some state regulation can apply.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ In 2013, about 87% of school-age children (those below higher education) attended state funded public schools, about 10% attended tuition- and foundation-funded private schools and roughly 3% were home-schooled.", "Homeschooling in the United States __knowledge__ Homeschooling in the United States constitutes the education of about 3.4% of U.S. students (approximately 2 million students).", "Homeschooling in the United States __knowledge__ In the United States, the Supreme Court has ruled that parents have a fundamental right to direct the education of their children.", "Homeschooling in the United States __knowledge__ The right to homeschool is not frequently questioned in court.", "Homeschooling in the United States __knowledge__ But, the amount of state regulation and help that can or should be expected continues to be subject to legal debate.", "Homeschooling in the United States __knowledge__ United States Supreme Court precedent appears to favor educational choice, as long as states set standards.", "Homeschooling in the United States __knowledge__ Originally homeschooling in the United States was practiced mainly underground or in rural areas.", "Ki Teitzei __knowledge__ Ki Teitzei, Ki Tetzei, Ki Tetse, Ki Thetze, Ki Tese, Ki Tetzey, or Ki Seitzei ( — Hebrew for \"when you go,\" the first words in the parashah) is the 49th weekly Torah portion (, \"parashah\") in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the sixth in the Book of Deuteronomy.", "Ki Teitzei __knowledge__ It constitutes The parashah sets out a series of miscellaneous laws, mostly governing civil and domestic life, including ordinances regarding a beautiful captive of war, inheritance among the sons of two wives, a wayward son, the corpse of an executed person, found property, coming upon another in distress, rooftop safety, prohibited mixtures, sexual offenses, membership in the congregation, camp hygiene, runaway slaves, prostitution, usury, vows, gleaning, kidnapping, repossession, prompt payment of wages, vicarious liability, flogging, treatment of domestic animals, levirate marriage, weights and measures, and remembrance of the Amalekites.", "Va'etchanan __knowledge__ Va'etchanan ( — Hebrew for \"and I pleaded,\" the first word in the parashah) is the 45th weekly Torah portion (, \"parashah\") in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the second in the Book of Deuteronomy.", "Va'etchanan __knowledge__ It constitutes .", "Va'etchanan __knowledge__ The parashah tells how Moses asked to see the Land of Israel, made arguments to obey the law, recounted setting up the Cities of Refuge, recited the Ten Commandments and the \"Shema\", and gave instructions for the Israelites' conquest of the Land.", "Va'etchanan __knowledge__ The parashah is made up of 7,343 Hebrew letters, 1,878 Hebrew words, 122 verses, and can occupy about 249 lines in a Torah Scroll (, \"Sefer Torah\").", "Gifted education __knowledge__ Gifted education (also known as Gifted and Talented Education (GATE), Talented and Gifted (TAG), or G/T) is a broad term for special practices, procedures, and theories used in the education of children who have been identified as gifted or talented.", "Gifted education __knowledge__ The main approaches to gifted education are enrichment and acceleration.", "Gifted education __knowledge__ An enrichment program teaches additional, related material, but keeps the student progressing through the curriculum at the same rate.", "Gifted education __knowledge__ For example, after the gifted students have completed the normal work in the curriculum, an enrichment program might provide them with additional details about a subject in the curriculum.", "American Indian Model Schools __knowledge__ American Indian Model Schools (AIM Schools) is a charter school system based in Oakland, California.", "American Indian Model Schools __knowledge__ Started with the American Indian Public Charter School, a middle school in the late 1990s to serve Native American students, in 2007 it expanded to include another middle school and a high school.", "American Indian Model Schools __knowledge__ The main campus is in the Laurel area and includes American Indian Public Charter School (AIPCS), a middle school of grades 5-8, and American Indian Public High School (AIPHS), a high school (9-12).", "American Indian Model Schools __knowledge__ AIPHS students can also take select classes at Merritt College.", "American Indian Model Schools __knowledge__ American Indian Public Charter School II (AIPCS II) has grades K-8 at a second campus located in Oakland's Chinatown.", "Parent __knowledge__ A parent is a caregiver of the offspring in their own species.", "Parent __knowledge__ In humans, a parent is the caretaker of a child (where \"child\" refers to offspring, not necessarily age).", "Parent __knowledge__ A \"biological parent\" is a person whose gamete resulted in a child, a male through the sperm, and a female through the ovum.", "Parent __knowledge__ Parents are first-degree relatives and have 50% genetic meet.", "Parent __knowledge__ A female can also become a parent through surrogacy.", "Parent __knowledge__ Some parents may be adoptive parents, who nurture and raise an offspring, but are not actually biologically related to the child.", "Parent __knowledge__ Orphans without adoptive parents can be raised by their grandparents or other family members.", "Incest taboo __knowledge__ An incest taboo is any cultural rule or norm that prohibits sexual relations between closely related persons.", "Incest taboo __knowledge__ All human cultures have norms that exclude certain close relatives from those considered suitable or permissible sexual or marriage partners, making such relationships taboo.", "Incest taboo __knowledge__ However, different norms exist among cultures as to which blood relations are permissible as sexual partners and which are not.", "Incest taboo __knowledge__ The sexual relations between related persons which are subject to the taboo are called incestuous relationships.", "Incest taboo __knowledge__ Some cultures proscribed sexual relations between clan-members, even when no traceable biological relationship exists, while members of other clans are permissible irrespective of the existence of a biological relationship.", "Adoption __knowledge__ Adoption is a process whereby a person assumes the parenting of another, usually a child, from that person's biological or legal parent or parents, and, in so doing, permanently transfers all rights and responsibilities, along with filiation, from the biological parent or parents.", "Adoption __knowledge__ Adoption can be done by a couple or an individual person but children have to be 14 years younger and the adoptive parents can not have been legally incapacitated.", "Adoption __knowledge__ Unlike guardianship or other systems designed for the care of the young, adoption is intended to effect a permanent change in status and as such requires societal recognition, either through legal or religious sanction.", "Personality psychology __knowledge__ Personality psychology is a branch of psychology that studies personality and its variation among individuals.", "Personality psychology __knowledge__ Its areas of focus include: \"Personality\" is a dynamic and organized set of characteristics possessed by a person that uniquely influences their environment, cognitions, emotions, motivations, and behaviors in various situations.", "Personality psychology __knowledge__ The word \"personality\" originates from the Latin \"persona\", which means mask.", "Personality psychology __knowledge__ Personality also refers to the pattern of thoughts, feelings, social adjustments, and behaviors consistently exhibited over time that strongly influences one's expectations, self-perceptions, values, and attitudes.", "Sperm donation __knowledge__ Sperm donation is the provision (or \"donation\") by a man (known as a sperm donor) of his sperm (known as donor sperm), principally for it to be used in the artificial insemination of a female or females who are not his sexual partners.", "Sperm donation __knowledge__ Sperm may be donated privately and directly to the intended recipient, or through a sperm bank or fertility clinic.", "Sperm donation __knowledge__ Sperm donation enables a man to father a child for third-party females, and is therefore, categorized as a form of third party reproduction.", "Sperm donation __knowledge__ Pregnancies are usually achieved by using donor sperm in assisted reproductive technology (ART) techniques which include artificial insemination (either by intracervical insemination (ICI) or intrauterine insemination (IUI) in a clinic, or intravaginal insemination at home).", "List of Weeds characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the television series \"Weeds\".", "List of Weeds characters __knowledge__ Nancy Botwin, née Price (Mary-Louise Parker, leading character)—also known as Lacey LaPlante (season two) and Nathalie Newman (season six)—was a PTA soccer mom until her husband, Judah, suddenly died of a heart attack.", "List of Weeds characters __knowledge__ To maintain the upper middle-class lifestyle to which she was accustomed in the fictional town of Agrestic, Nancy entered the world of marijuana dealing.", "List of Weeds characters __knowledge__ At the start, her regular clients include her accountant, her lawyer, and fellow suburban friends.", "List of Weeds characters __knowledge__ However, as she expands and fights for survival, she is confronted with the violent realities of her business as she jockeys against competitors, gangs, and drug lords." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3 ]

[ " the process of promoting and supporting the physical, emotional, social, and intellectual development of a child from infancy to adulthood is called Parenting. Do you have kids?", "it also refers to the intricacies of raising a child aside from the biological relationship.", "there may be but The most common caretaker in parenting is the biological parent(s) of the child in question, although others may be an older sibling" ]

[ "Parenting", "Parenting", "Parenting" ]

[ "Good Burger\nHave you seen Good Burger? It's my favorite movie!", "That's so long ago, man it's still great though.", "Yeah, Kenan and Kel are so funny in it.", "Yeah I love that show too", "I agree!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Good Burger is a 1997 American comedy film directed by Brian Robbins and it stars \"All That\" and \"Kenan & Kel\" stars Kenan Thompson and Kel Mitchell.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ It evolved from the comedy sketch of the same name featured on the Nickelodeon series \"All That\".", "Good Burger __knowledge__ It was produced by Nickelodeon Movies and Tollin/Robbins Productions, and was released on July 25, 1997 by Paramount Pictures.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ On the first day of summer, slacker high school student Dexter Reed, takes his mother's car on a joyride while she is on a business trip and accidentally crashes into and damages the car of his teacher, Mr.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Wheat.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Dexter is in danger of going to jail, as he does not have a driver's license or insurance.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ But Mr.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Wheat agrees to let Dexter pay for the damages to both cars in exchange for not calling the police on Dexter.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ With the damages estimated at $1,900, Dexter is forced to get a summer job.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ After being dismissed from the new, soon-to-open Mondo Burger for clashing with and insulting the owner/manager, Kurt Bozwell, he ends up finding employment at Good Burger where he meets and reluctantly befriends dimwitted Ed and a host of other colorful employees.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Initially, neither of them are aware that it was Ed who inadvertently caused Dexter's car accident; Ed had been on his way to make a delivery, and skated in front of Dexter, causing him to swerve out of control and crash into Mr.", "Nickelodeon Movies __knowledge__ Nickelodeon Movies is the theatrical motion picture production arm of the American children's cable channel Nickelodeon.", "Nickelodeon Movies __knowledge__ Founded in 1995, the company released its first film \"Harriet the Spy\" in 1996.", "Nickelodeon Movies __knowledge__ It has produced family features and films based on Nickelodeon programs, as well as other adaptations and original projects.", "Nickelodeon Movies __knowledge__ Its films are co-produced and/or distributed by Viacom division Paramount Pictures.", "Nickelodeon Movies __knowledge__ The studio's highest-grossing films are \"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\" (2014), which grossed $493.3 million worldwide, \"The Adventures of Tintin\" (2011), which grossed $374 million worldwide, and \"\" (2015), which grossed $323.4 million worldwide.", "The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie __knowledge__ The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie is a 2004 American live-action/animated comedy film based on the Nickelodeon television series \"SpongeBob SquarePants\".", "The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie __knowledge__ The film was co-written, directed, and produced by series creator Stephen Hillenburg and features the series' cast of Tom Kenny, Bill Fagerbakke, Clancy Brown, Rodger Bumpass and Mr. Lawrence, while also starring Scarlett Johansson, Jeffrey Tambor, Alec Baldwin and David Hasselhoff.", "The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie __knowledge__ It was distributed by Paramount Pictures and produced by Hillenburg's production company United Plankton Pictures along with Nickelodeon Movies.", "The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie __knowledge__ It is the first film in the \"SpongeBob SquarePants\" film series.", "Burger King franchises __knowledge__ The majority of the locations of international fast-food restaurant chain Burger King are privately owned franchises.", "Burger King franchises __knowledge__ While the majority of franchisees are smaller operations, several have grown into major corporations in their own right.", "Burger King franchises __knowledge__ At the end of the company's fiscal year in 2015, Burger King reported it had more than 15,000 outlets in 84 countries; of these, approximately 50% are in the United States and 99.9% are privately owned and operated.", "Burger King franchises __knowledge__ The company locations employ more than 37,000 people who serve approximately 11.4 million customers daily.", "Burger King franchises __knowledge__ Since its predecessor's inception in 1953, Burger King has used several variations of franchising to expand its operations.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ When the predecessor of international fast food restaurant chain Burger King (BK) first opened in 1953, its menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ After being acquired by its Miami, Florida franchisees and renamed in 1954, BK began expanding its menu by adding the Whopper sandwich in 1957, and has since added non-beef items such as chicken, fish, and vegetarian offerings, including salads and meatless sandwiches.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ Other additions include a breakfast menu and beverages such as Icees, juices, and bottled waters.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ As the company expanded both inside and outside the United States, it introduced localized versions of its products that conform to regional tastes and cultural or religious beliefs.", "All That __knowledge__ All That is an American live-action, sketch comedy-variety show created by Brian Robbins and Mike Tollin, which originally aired on the Nickelodeon cable television network from April 16, 1994, to October 22, 2005, lasting ten seasons.", "All That __knowledge__ The series was produced by Tollin/Robbins Productions (later Schneider's Bakery during the final season).", "All That __knowledge__ The pilot episode was originally shown as a special \"sneak peek\", with the show officially debuting a regular series on December 24, 1994.", "All That __knowledge__ The series features original short comedic sketches and weekly musical guests aimed toward a younger audience.", "All That __knowledge__ The show's sketches parody contemporary culture and are performed by a large and varying cast of child and teen actors.", "Kenan Thompson __knowledge__ Kenan Thompson ( born May 10, 1978) is an American actor and comedian.", "Kenan Thompson __knowledge__ He is the longest serving cast member of NBC's \"Saturday Night Live\".", "Kenan Thompson __knowledge__ In his teenage years, he was an original cast member of Nickelodeon's sketch comedy series \"All That.\"", "Kenan Thompson __knowledge__ Thompson has played Kenan Rockmore in the sitcom \"Kenan & Kel\", Russ Tyler in \"The Mighty Ducks\" franchise, Dexter Reed in the film \"Good Burger\", and the title character of \"Fat Albert\".", "Kenan Thompson __knowledge__ In his early career, he often collaborated with fellow comedian and \"All That\" cast member Kel Mitchell.", "Kenan Thompson __knowledge__ He is ranked at #88 on VH1's 100 Greatest Teen Stars.", "Kenan Thompson __knowledge__ Thompson was born and raised in Atlanta, Georgia to Fletcher and Elizabeth Ann Thompson." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Good Burger is a 1997 American comedy film directed by Brian Robbins and it stars \"All That\" and \"Kenan & Kel\" stars Kenan Thompson and Kel Mitchell.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ It evolved from the comedy sketch of the same name featured on the Nickelodeon series \"All That\".", "Good Burger __knowledge__ It was produced by Nickelodeon Movies and Tollin/Robbins Productions, and was released on July 25, 1997 by Paramount Pictures.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ On the first day of summer, slacker high school student Dexter Reed, takes his mother's car on a joyride while she is on a business trip and accidentally crashes into and damages the car of his teacher, Mr.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Wheat.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Dexter is in danger of going to jail, as he does not have a driver's license or insurance.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ But Mr.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Wheat agrees to let Dexter pay for the damages to both cars in exchange for not calling the police on Dexter.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ With the damages estimated at $1,900, Dexter is forced to get a summer job.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ After being dismissed from the new, soon-to-open Mondo Burger for clashing with and insulting the owner/manager, Kurt Bozwell, he ends up finding employment at Good Burger where he meets and reluctantly befriends dimwitted Ed and a host of other colorful employees.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Initially, neither of them are aware that it was Ed who inadvertently caused Dexter's car accident; Ed had been on his way to make a delivery, and skated in front of Dexter, causing him to swerve out of control and crash into Mr.", "Charles de Gaulle __knowledge__ Charles André Joseph Marie de Gaulle (; 22 November 1890 – 9 November 1970) was a French general and statesman.", "Charles de Gaulle __knowledge__ He was the leader of Free France (1940–1944) and the head of the Provisional Government of the French Republic (1944–1946).", "Charles de Gaulle __knowledge__ In 1958, he founded the Fifth Republic and was elected as the President of France, a position he held until his resignation in 1969.", "Charles de Gaulle __knowledge__ He was the dominant figure of France during the Cold War era and his memory continues to influence French politics.", "Charles de Gaulle __knowledge__ Born in Lille, he graduated from Saint-Cyr in 1912.", "Charles de Gaulle __knowledge__ He was a decorated officer of the First World War, wounded several times, and later taken prisoner at Verdun.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the various characters throughout the Japanese tokusatsu series \"Garo\", not including the Horrors, a breed of demonic beings that make for most of the series antagonists.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ The various holders of the title are the main characters of the franchise, armed with the blade.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ The Garo title, based on the word for \"hope\" in the old Makai language, is traditionally associated with the Saezima family.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ For reasons yet to be explained, the man who takes the title of Garo is often regarded to be the strongest Knight, widely known throughout the Makai community.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ This is however, not a formal ranking in itself and no preferential treatment is given to the said Knight, as evident with Kouga in \"\" who was in service for years before being promoted to be a Knight serving under the Senate.", "Hybrid cryptosystem __knowledge__ In cryptography, a hybrid cryptosystem is one which combines the convenience of a public-key cryptosystem with the efficiency of a symmetric-key cryptosystem.", "Hybrid cryptosystem __knowledge__ Public-key cryptosystems are convenient in that they do not require the sender and receiver to share a common secret in order to communicate securely (among other useful properties).", "Hybrid cryptosystem __knowledge__ However, they often rely on complicated mathematical computations and are thus generally much more inefficient than comparable symmetric-key cryptosystems.", "Hybrid cryptosystem __knowledge__ In many applications, the high cost of encrypting long messages in a public-key cryptosystem can be prohibitive.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Having reformed from his violent ways, Bigby (a.k.a.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ the Big Bad Wolf) became the cigarette-smoking, trench coat-clad sheriff of Fabletown.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is extremely cunning and resourceful, in addition to being an excellent detective.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Due to Snow White's possession of a lycanthropy-stained knife, he is now a werewolf and can change between wolf form, human form and an intermediate \"wolfman\" stage at will (in \"The Great Fables Crossover\", it is revealed that Bigby's nature as one of the North Wind's sons allows him to change forms at will).", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is the son of the North Wind, and, as such, has control over the lower-tier winds, plus the \"huff and puff\" of legend.", "Ulva __knowledge__ Ulva (, ) is an island in the Inner Hebrides of Scotland, off the west coast of Mull.", "Ulva __knowledge__ It is separated from Mull by a narrow strait, and connected to the neighbouring island of Gometra by a bridge.", "Ulva __knowledge__ Much of the island is formed from Cenozoic basalt rocks, which is formed into columns in places.", "Ulva __knowledge__ Ulva has been populated since the Mesolithic and there are various Neolithic remains on the island.", "Ulva __knowledge__ The Norse occupation of the island in the Early Historic Period has left few tangible artefacts but did bequeath the island its name, which is probably from \"Ulvoy\", meaning \"wolf island\".", "Ulva __knowledge__ Celtic culture was a major influence during both Pictish and Dalriadan times as well as the post-Norse period when the islands became part of modern Scotland.", "So Long Ago the Garden __knowledge__ So Long Ago the Garden is an album recorded by Larry Norman, released in 1973.", "So Long Ago the Garden __knowledge__ It is the second album in what came to be known as his \"trilogy,\" which began with the album \"Only Visiting This Planet\" and concluded with \"In Another Land\".", "So Long Ago the Garden __knowledge__ \"So Long Ago the Garden\" was controversial because Norman's previously blatant Christian beliefs were more veiled on this album.", "So Long Ago the Garden __knowledge__ In the song \"Shot Down\", on the album \"In Another Land\", Norman responded to accusations by fellow Christians that he had abandoned his faith in search of fame and fortune.", "So Long Ago the Garden __knowledge__ On 7 August 1973 Norman entered AIR studios in London to record his favorite album, the second album in his Trilogy, \"So Long Ago the Garden\", which was produced by The Triumvirate of British producers Rod Edwards, Roger Hand, Jon Miller.", "Flying Hawk __knowledge__ Flying Hawk (Oglala Lakota: \"Čhetáŋ Kiŋyáŋ\" in Standard Lakota Orthography; a/k/a Moses Flying Hawk; March 1854 – December 24, 1931) was an Oglala Lakota warrior, historian, educator and philosopher.", "Flying Hawk __knowledge__ Flying Hawk's life chronicles the history of the Oglala Lakota people through the 19th and early 20th centuries, as he fought to deflect the worst effects of white rule; educate his people and preserve sacred Oglala Lakota land and heritage.", "Flying Hawk __knowledge__ Chief Flying Hawk was a combatant in Red Cloud's War and in nearly all of the fights with the U.S. Army during the Great Sioux War of 1876.", "Flying Hawk __knowledge__ He fought alongside his first cousin Crazy Horse and his brothers Kicking Bear and Black Fox II in the Battle of the Little Big Horn in 1876, and was present at the death of Crazy Horse in 1877 and the Wounded Knee Massacre of 1890.", "All That __knowledge__ All That is an American live-action, sketch comedy-variety show created by Brian Robbins and Mike Tollin, which originally aired on the Nickelodeon cable television network from April 16, 1994, to October 22, 2005, lasting ten seasons.", "All That __knowledge__ The series was produced by Tollin/Robbins Productions (later Schneider's Bakery during the final season).", "All That __knowledge__ The pilot episode was originally shown as a special \"sneak peek\", with the show officially debuting a regular series on December 24, 1994.", "All That __knowledge__ The series features original short comedic sketches and weekly musical guests aimed toward a younger audience.", "All That __knowledge__ The show's sketches parody contemporary culture and are performed by a large and varying cast of child and teen actors.", "Nickelodeon Movies __knowledge__ Nickelodeon Movies is the theatrical motion picture production arm of the American children's cable channel Nickelodeon.", "Nickelodeon Movies __knowledge__ Founded in 1995, the company released its first film \"Harriet the Spy\" in 1996.", "Nickelodeon Movies __knowledge__ It has produced family features and films based on Nickelodeon programs, as well as other adaptations and original projects.", "Nickelodeon Movies __knowledge__ Its films are co-produced and/or distributed by Viacom division Paramount Pictures.", "Nickelodeon Movies __knowledge__ The studio's highest-grossing films are \"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\" (2014), which grossed $493.3 million worldwide, \"The Adventures of Tintin\" (2011), which grossed $374 million worldwide, and \"\" (2015), which grossed $323.4 million worldwide.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ The films listed below have been cited by a variety of notable critics in varying media sources as being among the worst films ever made.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ Examples of such sources include Metacritic, Roger Ebert's list of most-hated films, \"The Golden Turkey Awards\", \"Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide\", Rotten Tomatoes, the Stinkers Bad Movie Awards, \"Mystery Science Theater 3000\", and the Golden Raspberry Awards (\"Razzies\").", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ \"Reefer Madness\" (originally released as \"Tell Your Children\" and sometimes titled or subtitled as \"The Burning Question\", \"Dope Addict\", \"Doped Youth\", and \"Love Madness\") is a 1936 American exploitation film and propaganda work revolving around the melodramatic events that ensue when high school students are lured by pushers to try marijuana—from a hit and run accident, to manslaughter, suicide, attempted rape, and descent into madness.", "The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie __knowledge__ The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie is a 2004 American live-action/animated comedy film based on the Nickelodeon television series \"SpongeBob SquarePants\".", "The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie __knowledge__ The film was co-written, directed, and produced by series creator Stephen Hillenburg and features the series' cast of Tom Kenny, Bill Fagerbakke, Clancy Brown, Rodger Bumpass and Mr. Lawrence, while also starring Scarlett Johansson, Jeffrey Tambor, Alec Baldwin and David Hasselhoff.", "The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie __knowledge__ It was distributed by Paramount Pictures and produced by Hillenburg's production company United Plankton Pictures along with Nickelodeon Movies.", "The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie __knowledge__ It is the first film in the \"SpongeBob SquarePants\" film series.", "Dan Schneider (TV producer) __knowledge__ Dan Schneider (born January 14, 1966) is an American actor, television and film writer, and producer.", "Dan Schneider (TV producer) __knowledge__ After appearing in mostly supporting roles in a number of 1980s and 1990s films and TV shows, Schneider devoted himself to behind-the-scenes work in production.", "Dan Schneider (TV producer) __knowledge__ He is the co-president of television production company Schneider's Bakery.", "Dan Schneider (TV producer) __knowledge__ He showran most of \"All That\", and created/co-created \"The Amanda Show\", \"What I Like About You\", \"Drake & Josh\", \"Zoey 101\", \"iCarly\", \"Victorious\", \"Sam & Cat\", \"Henry Danger\", \"Game Shakers\", and \"The Adventures of Kid Danger and Captain Man\".", "Dan Schneider (TV producer) __knowledge__ Schneider was born and raised in Memphis, Tennessee, to parents Harry and Carol Schneider (both deceased).", "Norbit __knowledge__ Norbit is a 2007 American romantic comedy film, directed by Brian Robbins, and co written, co produced, and starring Eddie Murphy.", "Norbit __knowledge__ The film co stars Thandie Newton, Terry Crews, Cuba Gooding Jr., Eddie Griffin, Katt Williams, Marlon Wayans, and Charlie Murphy.", "Norbit __knowledge__ It was released by DreamWorks and Paramount Pictures on February 9, 2007.", "Norbit __knowledge__ The film was negatively received by critics and earned Murphy three Golden Raspberry Awards, out of the film's eight total nominations.", "Norbit __knowledge__ However, it was a commercial success and received a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Makeup and Hairstyling.", "Norbit __knowledge__ Norbit Albert Rice (Eddie Murphy) and Kate Thomas (Thandie Newton) are best friends as children at an orphanage, which doubles as a Chinese restaurant owned by their father figure Hangten Wong (Murphy), but are separated when Kate gets adopted by an unnamed family." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Good Burger is a 1997 American comedy film directed by Brian Robbins and it stars \"All That\" and \"Kenan & Kel\" stars Kenan Thompson and Kel Mitchell.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ It evolved from the comedy sketch of the same name featured on the Nickelodeon series \"All That\".", "Good Burger __knowledge__ It was produced by Nickelodeon Movies and Tollin/Robbins Productions, and was released on July 25, 1997 by Paramount Pictures.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ On the first day of summer, slacker high school student Dexter Reed, takes his mother's car on a joyride while she is on a business trip and accidentally crashes into and damages the car of his teacher, Mr.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Wheat.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Dexter is in danger of going to jail, as he does not have a driver's license or insurance.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ But Mr.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Wheat agrees to let Dexter pay for the damages to both cars in exchange for not calling the police on Dexter.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ With the damages estimated at $1,900, Dexter is forced to get a summer job.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ After being dismissed from the new, soon-to-open Mondo Burger for clashing with and insulting the owner/manager, Kurt Bozwell, he ends up finding employment at Good Burger where he meets and reluctantly befriends dimwitted Ed and a host of other colorful employees.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Initially, neither of them are aware that it was Ed who inadvertently caused Dexter's car accident; Ed had been on his way to make a delivery, and skated in front of Dexter, causing him to swerve out of control and crash into Mr.", "List of Kenan & Kel characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the Nickelodeon sitcom, Kenan & Kel.", "List of Kenan & Kel characters __knowledge__ Kenan is the oldest child of Roger Rockmore and Sheryl Rockmore.", "List of Kenan & Kel characters __knowledge__ He is Kyra's older brother and Kel's best friend.", "List of Kenan & Kel characters __knowledge__ Kenan is relatively intelligent, but he hardly does any schoolwork.", "List of Kenan & Kel characters __knowledge__ Instead, he spends his time getting in trouble and plotting schemes (such as transforming the grocery store at which he works into a nightclub, trying to get a car, or telling everybody that Kel has extra-sensory perception).", "List of Kenan & Kel characters __knowledge__ Despite being good-natured, he frequently annoys his parents and boss.", "List of Kenan & Kel characters __knowledge__ A trait that Kenan shares with Kel is that when someone uttered a nonsense word, the duo would repeat the word confusingly.", "NickSplat __knowledge__ NickSplat (formerly The '90s Are All That and later The Splat) is a programming block that airs nightly on TeenNick.", "NickSplat __knowledge__ The block shows reruns of classic mid-late 1980s, 1990s, and early-mid 2000s children's programming, mostly shows that aired on Nickelodeon during their original runs.", "NickSplat __knowledge__ The block airs seven hours, running every night from 11 p.m. to 6 a.m. Its name and logo comes from Nickelodeon's historic logo, a white brush-printed wordmark on an amorphous orange background (often manifested as a \"splat\" shape, but which was frequently rendered in many others), which the network used from 1984 to 2009.", "Kenan & Kel __knowledge__ Kenan & Kel is an American teen sitcom created by Kim Bass for Nickelodeon.", "Kenan & Kel __knowledge__ It starred \"All That\" cast members Kenan Thompson and Kel Mitchell.", "Kenan & Kel __knowledge__ 65 episodes and a made-for-TV movie were produced over four seasons from 1996 to 2000.", "Kenan & Kel __knowledge__ The first two seasons were filmed at Nickelodeon Studios in Orlando, Florida, and the remaining two were filmed at the Nick on Sunset theater in Hollywood.", "Kenan & Kel __knowledge__ \"Kenan & Kel\" received critical acclaim, with praise of the performance of the title characters.", "Kenan & Kel __knowledge__ It won the \"Favorite TV Show\" award at the 1998 Kids Choice Awards, and Thompson and Mitchell were ranked No.", "Kenan & Kel __knowledge__ 40 and No.", "All That __knowledge__ All That is an American live-action, sketch comedy-variety show created by Brian Robbins and Mike Tollin, which originally aired on the Nickelodeon cable television network from April 16, 1994, to October 22, 2005, lasting ten seasons.", "All That __knowledge__ The series was produced by Tollin/Robbins Productions (later Schneider's Bakery during the final season).", "All That __knowledge__ The pilot episode was originally shown as a special \"sneak peek\", with the show officially debuting a regular series on December 24, 1994.", "All That __knowledge__ The series features original short comedic sketches and weekly musical guests aimed toward a younger audience.", "All That __knowledge__ The show's sketches parody contemporary culture and are performed by a large and varying cast of child and teen actors.", "Kel Mitchell __knowledge__ Kel Johari Rice Mitchell (born August 25, 1978) is an American actor, stand-up comedian, dancer, musician, singer and rapper.", "Kel Mitchell __knowledge__ He is known for his work as a regular cast member of the Nickelodeon sketch comedy series \"All That\", as the Invisible Boy in the 1999 Ben Stiller and Geoffrey Rush superhero satire film \"Mystery Men\", his portrayal of Kel Kimble on the Nickelodeon sitcom \"Kenan & Kel\", his role as Ed in the film and \"All That\" sketch \"Good Burger\", as the voice of Jacob in the Disney XD cartoon \"Motorcity\", and as Ray in the 2006 sequel to \"Like Mike\", \"\".", "Kel Mitchell __knowledge__ He currently stars as Double G on the Nickelodeon series \"Game Shakers\".", "List of All That sketches __knowledge__ This is a list of sketches on the Nickelodeon variety show \"All That\".", "List of All That sketches __knowledge__ A sketch took place at a fast food restaurant called Good Burger featuring a clueless cashier, Ed.", "List of All That sketches __knowledge__ (played by Kel Mitchell in Seasons 1–5 and Ryan Coleman in Seasons 9–10).", "List of All That sketches __knowledge__ The skits later became the premise for the \"Good Burger\" starring Kel Mitchell, reprising his role as Ed, and Kenan Thompson as a new character named Dexter.", "List of All That sketches __knowledge__ Dan Schneider played Ed's frequently irritated boss Mr. Bailey during the first five seasons and in the film.", "List of All That sketches __knowledge__ Appearances A recurring location that served as the setting for many sketches based on life as a middle school student.", "Kel Knight __knowledge__ Kel Knight is a fictional character in the Australian television show \"Kath & Kim\".", "Kel Knight __knowledge__ He is the husband of Kath Day-Knight and is a passionate butcher.", "Kel Knight __knowledge__ He is portrayed by the comic actor Glenn Robbins.", "Kel Knight __knowledge__ John Michael Higgins portrayed his equivalent (Philip \"Phil\" Lesley Knight) in the U.S. version of \"Kath & Kim\", and his portrayal was highly criticized.", "Kel Knight __knowledge__ Kel comes across as an honest, respectable, reliable man who finds out he has many talents throughout the episodes.", "Kel Knight __knowledge__ Kel takes pride in maintaining himself, although not to Kath's extent.", "Kel Knight __knowledge__ He has greased-down hair and wears pants which are too high for his body, often showing his socks.", "Tollin/Robbins Productions __knowledge__ Tollin/Robbins Productions (or simply known as TRP or T/RP and formerly known as Marquee/Tollin/Robbins (or simply known as MTR or M/T/R) is an American movie and television production company operated by Mike Tollin and Brian Robbins in 1994, renamed Tollin Productions in 2012 and disestablished in 2013.", "Tollin/Robbins Productions __knowledge__ Joe Davola is also an unofficial partner in the company and has co-produced many of the company's productions along with Robbins and Tollin in 1994-2013.", "Tollin/Robbins Productions __knowledge__ Tollin/Robbins Productions was formed by Brian Robbins and Mike Tollin 1994 with early shows and early films were sports documentaries.", "Tollin/Robbins Productions __knowledge__ In 2002, Tollin/Robbins Productions (TRP) agreed to a two-year first look movie deal With Paramount Pictures while having a TV joint venture agreement with Warner Bros. With the Paramount agreement, T/RP hired Caitlin Scanlon to head the film division which will produce or direct 2-3 films a year.", "Nickelodeon Movies __knowledge__ Nickelodeon Movies is the theatrical motion picture production arm of the American children's cable channel Nickelodeon.", "Nickelodeon Movies __knowledge__ Founded in 1995, the company released its first film \"Harriet the Spy\" in 1996.", "Nickelodeon Movies __knowledge__ It has produced family features and films based on Nickelodeon programs, as well as other adaptations and original projects.", "Nickelodeon Movies __knowledge__ Its films are co-produced and/or distributed by Viacom division Paramount Pictures.", "Nickelodeon Movies __knowledge__ The studio's highest-grossing films are \"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\" (2014), which grossed $493.3 million worldwide, \"The Adventures of Tintin\" (2011), which grossed $374 million worldwide, and \"\" (2015), which grossed $323.4 million worldwide.", "Michael Tollin __knowledge__ Michael \"Mike\" Tollin (born October 6, 1955) is an American film and television producer/director.", "Michael Tollin __knowledge__ His career highlights included \"Radio\", \"Coach Carter\", and \"Varsity Blues\".", "Michael Tollin __knowledge__ He has created and produced such shows as \"All That\", \"The Amanda Show\", \"Kenan & Kel\", \"One Tree Hill\", \"Smallville\", \"What I Like About You\", \"The Bronx is Burning\", and \"\".", "Michael Tollin __knowledge__ He is currently the Co-Chairman of Mandalay Sports Media.", "Michael Tollin __knowledge__ Michael Tollin grew up in Havertown, Pennsylvania, a suburb outside of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.", "Michael Tollin __knowledge__ His father, Sol Tollin (1929–2006), played basketball and baseball for Haverford College from 1947-1951.", "Nickelodeon __knowledge__ Nickelodeon (often shortened to Nick) is an American basic cable and satellite television network launched on December 1, 1977.", "Nickelodeon __knowledge__ It is owned by Viacom through its Viacom Media Networks division and is based in New York City.", "Nickelodeon __knowledge__ The channel is primarily aimed at children and adolescents aged 6–17 while its weekday morning edutainment programs are targeted at younger children aged 2–5.", "Nickelodeon __knowledge__ , the channel is available to about 92.056 million households (79.086% of households with TV) in the United States.", "Nickelodeon __knowledge__ The name of the channel comes from the first five cent movie theaters called nickelodeons.", "Nickelodeon __knowledge__ Nickelodeon's history dates back to December 1, 1977, when Warner Cable Communications launched the first two-way interactive cable system, QUBE, in Columbus, Ohio.", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ SpongeBob SquarePants is an American animated television series created by marine biologist and animator Stephen Hillenburg for Nickelodeon.", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ The series chronicles the adventures and endeavors of the title character and his various friends in the fictional underwater city of Bikini Bottom.", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ The series' popularity has made it a media franchise, as well as the highest rated series to ever air on Nickelodeon, and the most distributed property of MTV Networks.", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ As of late 2017, the media franchise has generated $13 billion in merchandising revenue for Nickelodeon.", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ Many of the ideas for the series originated in an unpublished educational comic book titled \"The Intertidal Zone\", which Hillenburg created in 1989." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Good Burger is a 1997 American comedy film directed by Brian Robbins and it stars \"All That\" and \"Kenan & Kel\" stars Kenan Thompson and Kel Mitchell.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ It evolved from the comedy sketch of the same name featured on the Nickelodeon series \"All That\".", "Good Burger __knowledge__ It was produced by Nickelodeon Movies and Tollin/Robbins Productions, and was released on July 25, 1997 by Paramount Pictures.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ On the first day of summer, slacker high school student Dexter Reed, takes his mother's car on a joyride while she is on a business trip and accidentally crashes into and damages the car of his teacher, Mr.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Wheat.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Dexter is in danger of going to jail, as he does not have a driver's license or insurance.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ But Mr.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Wheat agrees to let Dexter pay for the damages to both cars in exchange for not calling the police on Dexter.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ With the damages estimated at $1,900, Dexter is forced to get a summer job.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ After being dismissed from the new, soon-to-open Mondo Burger for clashing with and insulting the owner/manager, Kurt Bozwell, he ends up finding employment at Good Burger where he meets and reluctantly befriends dimwitted Ed and a host of other colorful employees.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Initially, neither of them are aware that it was Ed who inadvertently caused Dexter's car accident; Ed had been on his way to make a delivery, and skated in front of Dexter, causing him to swerve out of control and crash into Mr.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ TRL's Number Ones is the collection of music videos that had reached the number-one spot on the daily music video countdown show \"Total Request Live\" which aired on MTV from 1998 to 2008.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ Usually the same video will stay on the number-one spot for a series of weeks but after a certain period it will be retired or honorably discharged from the countdown and be put into the hall of fame.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ The music video is usually determined various ways such as voting online on MTV.com, the \"Billboard\" charts, ratings on the radio and downloads over the internet.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ January 2: \"Lose Yourself\" - Eminem January 3: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 6: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 7: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 8: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 9: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 10: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 13: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 14: \"All I Have\" - Jennifer Lopez featuring LL Cool J January 15: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 16: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 17: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 22: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 23: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 24: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 28: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 29: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 30: \"Bump, Bump, Bump\" - B2K featuring P. Diddy January 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 3: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 4: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 7: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 10: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 11: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 12: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 14: Valentine's Day Special #1 Video: \"Why I Love You\" - B2K February 17: TRL Awards #1 Video: \"Larger Than Life\" - Backstreet Boys February 18: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 19: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 20: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 21: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 24: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 25: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 26: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake February 27: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 28: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 3: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 4: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 7: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 10: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 11: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 12: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 14: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 17: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 18: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 19: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 20: Coverage on the war in Iraq March 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 24: \"The Hell Song\" - Sum 41 March 25: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 26: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 1: \"Girlfriend\" - B2K April 2: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 3: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 4: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 7: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 8: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 9: \"Addicted\" - Simple Plan April 10: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 11: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 15: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 16: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 17: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 18: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 22: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 23: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 24: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 25: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 28: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 29: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 30: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 1: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 2: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 5: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 6: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 7: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 8: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 9: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 12: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 13: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 15: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 16: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 19: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 20: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 22: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 26: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 27: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 28: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 29: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 30: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 2: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 3: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 4: \"Rock Wit U\" - Ashanti June 5: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 9: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 10: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 11: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 12: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 16: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 17: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 18: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 19: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 23: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 24: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 25: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 26: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 30: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 1: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 2: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 3: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 7: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 8: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 9: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 10: Dynamic Duos #1 Video: \"Girlfriend ( Remix )\"- 'N Sync featuring Nelly July 11: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 14: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 15: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 16: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 17: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 18: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 21: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 22: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 23: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 24: Funniest Video #1 Video: \"Without Me\" - Eminem July 25: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 28: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 29: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 30: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 31: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 1: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 4: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 5: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 6: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 7: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 8: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 11: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 12: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 13: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 14: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 15: August 18: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 19: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 20: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 21: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 26: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 27: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy August 28: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 29: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 2: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 3: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 4: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 5: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 8: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 9: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 10: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 11: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 12: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 15: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 17: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 18: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 19: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 23: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 24: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 25: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 26: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 29: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 30: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 1: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 2: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 3: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell October 6: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 7: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul October 8: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 9: \"Perfect\" - Simple Plan October 10: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 14: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 15: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 17: \"Trouble\" - P!nk October 18: \"Trouble\" - Pink October 21: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 23: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 27: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 28: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 29: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 30: \"Will You\" - P. O. D. October 31: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 3: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 4: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 5: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 6: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 7: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 11: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 12: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 13: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 14: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 17: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 18: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 19: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 20: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 24: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 25: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 1: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 2: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 3: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 4: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 5: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 8: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 11: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 16: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 17: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 18: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 19: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 22: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 23: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 29: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit December 30: Song Of The Year: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 5: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 6: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 7: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 8: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 13: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 14: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 16: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 19: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 21: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 22: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 26: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 27: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 28: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 29: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 30: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring Jason Weaver February 2: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 9: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 10: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 11: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 12: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 13: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte February 16: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 17: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 18: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 19: \"Sorry 2004\" - Ruben Studdard February 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 23: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 24: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 25: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon February 27: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 2: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 3: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 4: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 5: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 8: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears March 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 10: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 11: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 15: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 16: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 17: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 18: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 22: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 23: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 24: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 25: \"My Band\" - D12 March 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 29: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 30: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 31: \"My Band\" - D12 April 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 5: \"Naughty Girl\" - Beyoncé April 6: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 7: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 8: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 13: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 14: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 15: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 16: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 19: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 20: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 21: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 22: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 23: \"My Band\" - D12 April 26: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 27: \"My Band\" - D12 April 28: \"My Band\" - D12 April 29: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears May 3: \"My Band\" - D12 May 4: \"My Band\" - D12 May 5: \"My Band\" - D12 May 6: \"My Band\" - D12 May 7: \"My Band\" - D12 May 10: \"My Band\" - D12 May 11: \"My Band\" - D12 May 17: \"My Band\" - D12 May 18: \"Burn\" - Usher May 19: \"Burn\" - Usher May 20: \"Burn\" - Usher May 21: \"Burn\" - Usher May 24: \"My Band\" - D12 May 25: \"Burn\" - Usher May 26: \"Burn\" - Usher May 27: \"My Band\" - D12 May 28: \"My Band\" - D12 May 31: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 1: \"Burn\" - Usher June 2: \"Burn\" - Usher June 3: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 4: \"My Band\" - D12 June 7: \"My Band\" - D12 June 8: \"Burn\" - Usher June 9: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 10: Cross Country Countdown #1 Video: \"Forgot About Dre\" - Dr. Dre featuring Eminem June 11: \"Burn\" - Usher June 14: \"Burn\" - Usher June 15: \"How Come\" - D12 June 16: \"How Come\" - D12 June 17: \"How Come\" - D12 June 18: \"How Come\" - D12 June 21: \"How Come\" - D12 June 22: \"How Come\" - D12 June 23: \"Leave (Get Out)\" - JoJo June 24: \"How Come\" - D12 June 25: \"How Come\" - D12 June 28: \"Leave ( Get Out )\" - JoJo June 29: \"How Come\" - D12 June 30: \"Confessions Pt.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ Usher Raymond IV (born October 14, 1978), is an American singer, songwriter, dancer and actor.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He was born in Dallas, Texas, but raised in Chattanooga, Tennessee until moving to Atlanta, Georgia.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ At the age of 12, his mother put him in local singing competitions, before catching the attention of a music A&R from LaFace Records.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ In 1994, he released his self-titled debut album, \"Usher\".", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He rose to fame in the late 1990s with the release of his second album \"My Way\" (1997), which spawned his first U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100 number-one single, \"Nice & Slow\", amongst top-two singles \"You Make Me Wanna...\" and \"My Way\".", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ Yeah Yeah Yeahs is an American indie rock band formed in New York City in 2000.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ The group is composed of vocalist and pianist Karen O, guitarist and keyboardist Nick Zinner, and drummer Brian Chase.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ They are complemented in live performances by second guitarist David Pajo, who joined as a touring member in 2009 and replaced Imaad Wasif who had previously held this role.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ According to an interview that aired during the ABC network's \"Live from Central Park SummerStage\" series, the band's name was taken from modern New York City vernacular.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ The band has recorded four studio albums; the first, \"Fever to Tell\", was released in 2003.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ is a song by American singer Usher.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ He co-wrote the song with Sean Garrett, Patrick J. Que Smith, Robert McDowell, LRoc, Ludacris, Da'Ron, and Lil Jon.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ It also features guest vocals from Lil Jon and Ludacris, with the former also producing the song as well as incorporating crunk and R&B—which he coined as crunk&B—in the song's production.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was released as the lead single from Usher's fourth studio album \"Confessions\" (2004) on January 27, 2004, after Usher was told by Arista Records, his label at the time, to record more tracks for the album.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ topped the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart for 12 consecutive weeks, before being dethroned by Usher's follow-up single \"Burn\".", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ (Death Metal Symphony in Deep C) is the sixth studio album by Waltari that combines death metal with classical music.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Originally, \"Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!\"", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ was written as a stage show.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ After the show's premiere performance in 1995 at the Helsinki Music Festival, it was recorded and finally released in May 1996.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ \"Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!\"", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ was written by Kärtsy Hatakka between 1992 and 1995.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ By the end of 1994, Hatakka got in contact with Riku Niemi, a Finnish conductor, composer and leader of Avanti!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ symphony orchestra.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ After Niemi became involved in the project, Hatakka finalized the work and Niemi arranged it for symphony orchestra.", "Nickelodeon __knowledge__ Nickelodeon (often shortened to Nick) is an American basic cable and satellite television network launched on December 1, 1977.", "Nickelodeon __knowledge__ It is owned by Viacom through its Viacom Media Networks division and is based in New York City.", "Nickelodeon __knowledge__ The channel is primarily aimed at children and adolescents aged 6–17 while its weekday morning edutainment programs are targeted at younger children aged 2–5.", "Nickelodeon __knowledge__ , the channel is available to about 92.056 million households (79.086% of households with TV) in the United States.", "Nickelodeon __knowledge__ The name of the channel comes from the first five cent movie theaters called nickelodeons.", "Nickelodeon __knowledge__ Nickelodeon's history dates back to December 1, 1977, when Warner Cable Communications launched the first two-way interactive cable system, QUBE, in Columbus, Ohio.", "Double Dare (Nickelodeon game show) __knowledge__ Double Dare is an American television game show on which two teams compete to win cash and prizes by answering trivia questions and completing messy stunts known as physical challenges.", "Double Dare (Nickelodeon game show) __knowledge__ Hosted by Marc Summers, the program premiered on Nickelodeon on October 6, 1986, as its first game show.", "Double Dare (Nickelodeon game show) __knowledge__ The series saw many adjustments in scheduling and titling throughout its run.", "Double Dare (Nickelodeon game show) __knowledge__ A continuation for syndication premiered on February 22, 1988, later revamped as \"Super Sloppy Double Dare\" on January 22, 1989.", "Double Dare (Nickelodeon game show) __knowledge__ The program also had a short run on Fox as \"Family Double Dare\", airing from April 3 to July 23, 1988.", "Double Dare (Nickelodeon game show) __knowledge__ Nickelodeon continued \"Family Double Dare\", premiering a new version on October 6, 1990.", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ SpongeBob SquarePants is an American animated television series created by marine biologist and animator Stephen Hillenburg for Nickelodeon.", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ The series chronicles the adventures and endeavors of the title character and his various friends in the fictional underwater city of Bikini Bottom.", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ The series' popularity has made it a media franchise, as well as the highest rated series to ever air on Nickelodeon, and the most distributed property of MTV Networks.", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ As of late 2017, the media franchise has generated $13 billion in merchandising revenue for Nickelodeon.", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ Many of the ideas for the series originated in an unpublished educational comic book titled \"The Intertidal Zone\", which Hillenburg created in 1989.", "NickSplat __knowledge__ NickSplat (formerly The '90s Are All That and later The Splat) is a programming block that airs nightly on TeenNick.", "NickSplat __knowledge__ The block shows reruns of classic mid-late 1980s, 1990s, and early-mid 2000s children's programming, mostly shows that aired on Nickelodeon during their original runs.", "NickSplat __knowledge__ The block airs seven hours, running every night from 11 p.m. to 6 a.m. Its name and logo comes from Nickelodeon's historic logo, a white brush-printed wordmark on an amorphous orange background (often manifested as a \"splat\" shape, but which was frequently rendered in many others), which the network used from 1984 to 2009.", "TeenNick __knowledge__ TeenNick is an American digital cable and satellite television channel that is owned by Nickelodeon Group, a unit of the Viacom Media Networks division of Viacom.", "TeenNick __knowledge__ Aimed primarily at teenagers aged 13-19, the channel features a mix of original programming, Nickelodeon-produced series, feature films, and acquired programs initially geared towards pre-teens and young teenagers.", "TeenNick __knowledge__ The channel was originally known as TEENick from March 4, 2001 (when it originally launched as a program block on Nickelodeon) to February 1, 2009, and The N from April 1, 2002, (when it originally launched as a program block on Noggin (now Nick Jr.)) to September 28, 2009.", "You Can't Do That on Television __knowledge__ You Can't Do That on Television is a Canadian television program that first aired locally in 1979 before airing internationally in 1981.", "You Can't Do That on Television __knowledge__ It featured pre-teen and teenaged actors in a sketch comedy format similar to that of the United States \"Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In\" and \"Saturday Night Live\".", "You Can't Do That on Television __knowledge__ Each episode had a specific theme normally relating to pop culture of the time.", "You Can't Do That on Television __knowledge__ The show was notable for launching the careers of many performers, including alternative rock singer-songwriter Alanis Morissette, and screenwriter Bill Prady.", "You Can't Do That on Television __knowledge__ The show was produced by and aired on Ottawa's CTV station CJOH-TV, and was marketed specifically for an American audience." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Good Burger is a 1997 American comedy film directed by Brian Robbins and it stars \"All That\" and \"Kenan & Kel\" stars Kenan Thompson and Kel Mitchell.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ It evolved from the comedy sketch of the same name featured on the Nickelodeon series \"All That\".", "Good Burger __knowledge__ It was produced by Nickelodeon Movies and Tollin/Robbins Productions, and was released on July 25, 1997 by Paramount Pictures.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ On the first day of summer, slacker high school student Dexter Reed, takes his mother's car on a joyride while she is on a business trip and accidentally crashes into and damages the car of his teacher, Mr.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Wheat.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Dexter is in danger of going to jail, as he does not have a driver's license or insurance.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ But Mr.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Wheat agrees to let Dexter pay for the damages to both cars in exchange for not calling the police on Dexter.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ With the damages estimated at $1,900, Dexter is forced to get a summer job.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ After being dismissed from the new, soon-to-open Mondo Burger for clashing with and insulting the owner/manager, Kurt Bozwell, he ends up finding employment at Good Burger where he meets and reluctantly befriends dimwitted Ed and a host of other colorful employees.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Initially, neither of them are aware that it was Ed who inadvertently caused Dexter's car accident; Ed had been on his way to make a delivery, and skated in front of Dexter, causing him to swerve out of control and crash into Mr.", "Luganda __knowledge__ Luganda, or Ganda (, \"Oluganda\" ), is one of the major languages in Uganda and is spoken by more than five million Baganda and other people principally in central Uganda, including the capital Kampala of Uganda.", "Luganda __knowledge__ It belongs to the Bantu branch of the Niger–Congo language family.", "Luganda __knowledge__ Typologically, it is a highly-agglutinating language with subject–verb–object, word order and nominative–accusative morphosyntactic alignment.", "Luganda __knowledge__ With about four million first-language-speakers in the Buganda region and a million others fluent elsewhere, it is the most widely-spoken Ugandan language.", "Luganda __knowledge__ As a second language, it follows English and precedes Swahili.", "Armourer __knowledge__ Historically, an armourer is a person who makes personal armour, especially plate armour.", "Armourer __knowledge__ In modern terms, an armourer is a member of a military or police force who works in an armoury and maintains and repairs small arms and weapons systems, with some duties resembling those of a civilian gunsmith.", "Armourer __knowledge__ With the renewed interest in traditional armour and weaponry, the occupation also involves working with film, stage, and historical and reenactment societies.", "Armourer __knowledge__ Period costumes may require reproduction armour, swords, and related equipment.", "Armourer __knowledge__ Armourers are the oldest trade in the British Army and trace their heritage back several centuries.", "South African contract law __knowledge__ South African contract law is ‘essentially a modernised version of the Roman-Dutch law of contract’, which is itself rooted in canon and Roman laws.", "South African contract law __knowledge__ In the broadest definition, a contract is an agreement two or more parties enter into with the serious intention of creating a legal obligation.", "South African contract law __knowledge__ Contract law provides a legal framework within which persons can transact business and exchange resources, secure in the knowledge that the law will uphold their agreements and, if necessary, enforce them.", "South African contract law __knowledge__ The law of contract underpins private enterprise in South Africa and regulates it in the interest of fair dealing.", "Agreement (linguistics) __knowledge__ Agreement or concord (abbreviated ) happens when a word changes form depending on the other words to which it relates.", "Agreement (linguistics) __knowledge__ It is an instance of inflection, and usually involves making the value of some grammatical category (such as gender or person) \"agree\" between varied words or parts of the sentence.", "Agreement (linguistics) __knowledge__ For example, in Standard English, one may say \"I am\" or \"he is\", but not \"I is\" or \"he am\".", "Agreement (linguistics) __knowledge__ This is because the grammar of the language requires that the verb and its subject agree in \"person\".", "Agreement (linguistics) __knowledge__ The pronouns \"I\" and \"he\" are first and third person respectively, as are the verb forms \"am\" and \"is\".", "Agreement (linguistics) __knowledge__ The verb form must be selected so that it has the same person as the subject.", "Agree to disagree __knowledge__ \"Agree to disagree\" or \"agreeing to disagree\" is a phrase in English referring to the resolution of a conflict (usually a debate or quarrel) whereby all parties tolerate but do not accept the opposing position(s).", "Agree to disagree __knowledge__ It generally occurs when all sides recognise that further conflict would be unnecessary, ineffective or otherwise undesirable.", "Agree to disagree __knowledge__ They may also remain on amicable terms while continuing to disagree about the unresolved issues.", "Agree to disagree __knowledge__ The phrase \"agree to disagree\" first appeared in print in 1770 when, at the death of George Whitefield, John Wesley wrote a memorial sermon which acknowledged, but downplayed, the two men's doctrinal differences: Wesley was the first to put the phrase \"agree to disagree\" in print, but he enclosed it in quotation marks.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ South African labour law regulates the relationship between employers, employees and trade unions in the Republic of South Africa.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ The Native Labour Regulations Act 1911 prohibited strikes by trade unions, introduced wage ceilings and a pass system for moving around jobs.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Over 70,000 Chinese labourers were brought in, and used by landowners to undercut the wages of other workers.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Among white workers, there was significant unrest, and major strikes took place in 1907, 1913, 1914 and 1922 For a period of sixteen years, from 1979 to 1995, several critical developments occurred in the field of labour law in South Africa, beginning with a radical change in the first of these years, when a significant Commission of Enquiry was held, resulting in the establishment of an Industrial Court, which was given extensive powers to mould, change, shape and develop the law.", "Charles N. Agree __knowledge__ Charles Nathanial Agree (April 18, 1897 – March 10, 1982) was an American architect in Detroit, Michigan.", "Charles N. Agree __knowledge__ Agree moved to Detroit in 1909 at the age of 12.", "Charles N. Agree __knowledge__ He opened his firm in 1917 after graduating from the Detroit Y.M.C.A.", "Charles N. Agree __knowledge__ Technical School.", "Charles N. Agree __knowledge__ His first major commission was in 1921 to build the Whittier Hotel near the bank of the Detroit River.", "Charles N. Agree __knowledge__ He later went on to design many office buildings, theaters, and ballrooms.", "Charles N. Agree __knowledge__ Agree was one of the Detroit architects of the 1920s and 1930s who utilized the services of architectural sculptor Corrado Parducci.", "Charles N. Agree __knowledge__ As the architecture changed by the 1960s, so did Agree's commissions.", "Indicud __knowledge__ Indicud is the third studio album by American hip hop recording artist Kid Cudi.", "Indicud __knowledge__ The album was released on April 12, 2013, by Republic Records.", "Indicud __knowledge__ It was the first album of Cudi's solo career to not be an installment of his \"Man on the Moon\" series.", "Indicud __knowledge__ The album's cover artwork was designed by Kid Cudi himself, who also served as an executive producer of \"Indicud\".", "Indicud __knowledge__ It was Cudi's goal to make more uptempo and positive music with the album.", "Indicud __knowledge__ He described it as a completely new format compared to his previous albums.", "Indicud __knowledge__ The album's record production was handled entirely by Cudi as well, with only record producer Hit-Boy co-producing one track, while Cudi's WZRD bandmate Dot da Genius, provided drums on two.", "Immortal (Kid Cudi song) __knowledge__ \"Immortal\" is a song by American hip hop recording artist Kid Cudi, released on March 14, 2013 as the third official single from his third studio album \"Indicud\" (2013).", "Immortal (Kid Cudi song) __knowledge__ The song, produced by Cudi himself, samples \"Congratulations\", as performed by MGMT, with whom Cudi had collaborated on his 2010 single \"Pursuit of Happiness\".", "Immortal (Kid Cudi song) __knowledge__ On March 26, 2013, Cudi appeared on \"Jimmy Kimmel Live!\"", "Immortal (Kid Cudi song) __knowledge__ and performed \"Immortal\", as well as \"Just What I Am\", on the late-night talk show.", "Immortal (Kid Cudi song) __knowledge__ On October 29, 2012 Cudi announced he would be releasing the album's second official single at the end of November.", "Immortal (Kid Cudi song) __knowledge__ On November 7, he revealed the upcoming single's title to be \"Immortal\", and that it again was produced by himself like the two previous releases, \"Just What I Am\" and \"King Wizard\".", "Eagleton (Parks and Recreation) __knowledge__ \"Eagleton\" is the twelfth episode of the third season of the American comedy television series \"Parks and Recreation\", and the 42nd overall episode of the series.", "Eagleton (Parks and Recreation) __knowledge__ It originally aired on NBC in the United States on May 5, 2011.", "Eagleton (Parks and Recreation) __knowledge__ In the episode, Leslie becomes angry when her former friend, the current parks director of the more prosperous neighboring town Eagleton, builds a fence through a park that runs through both Pawnee and Eagleton.", "Eagleton (Parks and Recreation) __knowledge__ Meanwhile, Leslie plans a secret birthday party for Ron, much to his chagrin.", "Eagleton (Parks and Recreation) __knowledge__ The episode was written by Emily Spivey and directed by Nicole Holofcener.", "Eagleton (Parks and Recreation) __knowledge__ Parker Posey guest starred as Leslie's rival and former best friend, Lindsay Carlisle Shay.", "Peter David __knowledge__ Peter Allen David (born September 23, 1956) often abbreviated PAD, is an American writer of comic books, novels, television, movies and video games.", "Peter David __knowledge__ His notable comic book work includes an award-winning 12-year run on \"The Incredible Hulk\", as well as runs on \"Aquaman\", \"Young Justice\", \"Supergirl\", \"Fallen Angel\", \"Spider-Man 2099\" and \"X-Factor\".", "Peter David __knowledge__ His \"Star Trek\" work includes both comic books and novels such as \"Imzadi\", and co-creating the \"\" series.", "Peter David __knowledge__ His other novels include film adaptations, media tie-ins, and original works, such as the \"Apropos of Nothing\" and \"Knight Life\" series.", "Peter David __knowledge__ His television work includes series such as \"Babylon 5\", \"Young Justice\", \"\" and Nickelodeon's \"Space Cases\", which he co-created with Bill Mumy.", "Bottle Rocket __knowledge__ Bottle Rocket is a 1996 American crime-comedy film directed by Wes Anderson.", "Bottle Rocket __knowledge__ It was co-written by Anderson and Owen Wilson.", "Bottle Rocket __knowledge__ In addition to being Wes Anderson's directorial debut, \"Bottle Rocket\" was the debut feature for brothers Owen and Luke Wilson, who co-starred with James Caan and Robert Musgrave.", "Bottle Rocket __knowledge__ The film was a commercial failure but launched Anderson's career by drawing attention from critics.", "Bottle Rocket __knowledge__ Director Martin Scorsese later named \"Bottle Rocket\" one of his top-ten favorite movies of the 1990s.", "Bottle Rocket __knowledge__ \"Bottle Rocket\" is also the name of a short film directed by Anderson and starring the Wilson brothers and Musgrave—shot in 1992 and released in 1994—on which the feature-length film was based.", "Sinqua Walls __knowledge__ Sinqua Walls (born April 6, 1985) is an American actor and former college basketball player for Cal Poly Pomona and the University of San Francisco.", "Sinqua Walls __knowledge__ Originally from Louisiana, Sinqua moved to Los Angeles with his family and attended El Segundo High School.", "Sinqua Walls __knowledge__ Growing up he played a variety of sports, but spent much of his childhood learning plays and studying his favorite movies, and would always watch his favorite movies until he could remember every line as practice for a future movie career.", "Sinqua Walls __knowledge__ He knew that acting is what he wanted to do since he was eleven years old after watching \"The Radio Flyer,\" which is also the first movie he memorized from start to finish.", "Ferris Bueller's Day Off __knowledge__ Ferris Bueller's Day Off is a 1986 American teen comedy film written, co-produced, and directed by John Hughes, and co-produced by Tom Jacobson.", "Ferris Bueller's Day Off __knowledge__ The film stars Matthew Broderick as Ferris Bueller, a high-school slacker who spends a day off from school, with Mia Sara and Alan Ruck.", "Ferris Bueller's Day Off __knowledge__ Ferris regularly \"breaks the fourth wall\" to explain techniques and inner thoughts.", "Ferris Bueller's Day Off __knowledge__ Hughes wrote the screenplay in less than a week.", "Ferris Bueller's Day Off __knowledge__ Filming began in September 1985 and finished in November 1985.", "Ferris Bueller's Day Off __knowledge__ Featuring many landmarks, including the Sears Tower and the Art Institute of Chicago, the film was Hughes' love letter to Chicago: \"I really wanted to capture as much of Chicago as I could." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 2, 0, 3 ]

[ "yes, Good Burger is a 1997 American comedy film directed by Brian Robbins", "i know, i really enjoy watching this movie, It was produced by Nickelodeon Movies and Tollin/Robbins Productions", "It evolved from the comedy sketch of the same name featured on the Nickelodeon series All That", "over all this is one of my favorite movies", "i cant believed it is been so long since it was released on July 25, 1997 by Paramount Pictures." ]

[ "Good Burger", "Good Burger", "Good Burger", "Good Burger", "Good Burger" ]

[ "China", "OH thats nice, are you from China?", "thats NIce, I was born in Nigeria, I moved to united State about 3 years ago", "Oh I will love to see the Museum, I love art and It is my passion" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "China __knowledge__ China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a unitary sovereign state in East Asia and the world's most populous country, with a population of around /1e9 round 3 billion.", "China __knowledge__ Covering approximately , it is the third- or fourth-largest country by total area, depending on the source consulted.", "China __knowledge__ China also has the most neighbor countries in the world.", "China __knowledge__ Governed by the Communist Party of China, it exercises jurisdiction over 22 provinces, five autonomous regions, four direct-controlled municipalities (Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, and Chongqing), and the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau.", "China __knowledge__ China emerged as one of the world's earliest civilizations, in the fertile basin of the Yellow River in the North China Plain.", "China __knowledge__ For millennia, China's political system was based on hereditary monarchies, or dynasties, beginning with the semi-legendary Xia dynasty in 21st century BCE.", "China __knowledge__ Since then, China has expanded, fractured, and re-unified numerous times.", "China __knowledge__ In the 3rd century BCE, the Qin unified core China and established the first Chinese dynasty.", "China __knowledge__ The succeeding Han dynasty saw some of the most advanced technology at that time, including papermaking and the compass, along with agricultural and medical improvements." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "China __knowledge__ China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a unitary sovereign state in East Asia and the world's most populous country, with a population of around /1e9 round 3 billion.", "China __knowledge__ Covering approximately , it is the third- or fourth-largest country by total area, depending on the source consulted.", "China __knowledge__ China also has the most neighbor countries in the world.", "China __knowledge__ Governed by the Communist Party of China, it exercises jurisdiction over 22 provinces, five autonomous regions, four direct-controlled municipalities (Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, and Chongqing), and the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau.", "China __knowledge__ China emerged as one of the world's earliest civilizations, in the fertile basin of the Yellow River in the North China Plain.", "China __knowledge__ For millennia, China's political system was based on hereditary monarchies, or dynasties, beginning with the semi-legendary Xia dynasty in 21st century BCE.", "China __knowledge__ Since then, China has expanded, fractured, and re-unified numerous times.", "China __knowledge__ In the 3rd century BCE, the Qin unified core China and established the first Chinese dynasty.", "China __knowledge__ The succeeding Han dynasty saw some of the most advanced technology at that time, including papermaking and the compass, along with agricultural and medical improvements.", "Integer sorting __knowledge__ In computer science, integer sorting is the algorithmic problem of sorting a collection of data values by numeric keys, each of which is an integer.", "Integer sorting __knowledge__ Algorithms designed for integer sorting may also often be applied to sorting problems in which the keys are floating point numbers, rational numbers, or text strings.", "Integer sorting __knowledge__ The ability to perform integer arithmetic on the keys allows integer sorting algorithms to be faster than comparison sorting algorithms in many cases, depending on the details of which operations are allowed in the model of computing and how large the integers to be sorted are.", "Integer sorting __knowledge__ Integer sorting algorithms including pigeonhole sort, counting sort, and radix sort are widely used and practical.", "Guerilla Poubelle __knowledge__ Guerilla Poubelle is a French punk band formed in 2003, when the ska-punk band Les Betteraves broke apart.", "Guerilla Poubelle __knowledge__ The name translates to 'Dustbin (Garbage Can) Guerrilla' in English.", "Guerilla Poubelle __knowledge__ Their debut album, released on CD, is titled \"Il faut repeindre le monde... en noir\" (The world must be repainted... in black).", "Guerilla Poubelle __knowledge__ Their music is based on anarchic and existentialist beliefs.", "Guerilla Poubelle __knowledge__ The band is DIY enthusiasts, Till founded the publishing and merchandise group Guerilla Asso in 2004.", "Guerilla Poubelle __knowledge__ In the summer of 2006, they released a split album with Coquettish.", "Guerilla Poubelle __knowledge__ A major Japanese tour followed soon thereafter.", "Guerilla Poubelle __knowledge__ Guerilla Poubelle refused to register with the Société des auteurs, compositeurs et éditeurs de musique.", "Burlington, Newfoundland and Labrador __knowledge__ Burlington is an incorporated town in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada.", "Burlington, Newfoundland and Labrador __knowledge__ It is a small fishing and lumbering community on Highway 413 at the north side of the mouth of Green Bay.", "Burlington, Newfoundland and Labrador __knowledge__ Burlington was once named Northwest Arm, and was permanently settled in the mid-19th century.", "Burlington, Newfoundland and Labrador __knowledge__ The community was renamed in the early part of 1915 due to a mix-up in the mail service.", "Burlington, Newfoundland and Labrador __knowledge__ After many residents complained that their mail was sent to another community with a similar name, the town leaders felt the need to have a name change.", "Burlington, Newfoundland and Labrador __knowledge__ Out of three separate entries, 'Burlington' was chosen.", "Burlington, Newfoundland and Labrador __knowledge__ There was no large industry in the 19th century.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha Lee is a fictional character in the BBC soap opera \"Doctors\", played by Laura Rollins.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha was introduced as a Practice Nurse at The Mill by Peter Eryl Lloyd.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ She made her first appearance on Tuesday 30 September 2014.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Since her arrival in the show Ayesha has faced storylines including an on off relationship with Sid Vere, having a troubled relationship with Tyler Green, dealing with her mother Bren's alcohol and later drug addiction, being attacked by Ike and supporting Valerie Pittman through her Cancer scare.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha first arrives at \"The Mill\" as a replacement for Mandy Marquez, she is almost immediately attracted to new doctor Sid Vere.", "Van Emde Boas tree __knowledge__ A Van Emde Boas tree (or Van Emde Boas priority queue; ), also known as a vEB tree, is a tree data structure which implements an associative array with -bit integer keys.", "Van Emde Boas tree __knowledge__ It performs all operations in time, or equivalently in time, where is the maximum number of elements that can be stored in the tree.", "Van Emde Boas tree __knowledge__ The is not to be confused with the actual number of elements stored in the tree, by which the performance of other tree data-structures is often measured.", "Van Emde Boas tree __knowledge__ The vEB tree has good space efficiency when it contains a large number of elements, as discussed below.", "Van Emde Boas tree __knowledge__ It was invented by a team led by Dutch computer scientist Peter van Emde Boas in 1975.", "The Runners __knowledge__ The Runners are an American electronic and hip hop production duo from Orlando, Florida, consisting of Andrew \"Dru Brett\" Harr and Jermaine \"Mayne Zayne\" Jackson.", "The Runners __knowledge__ They came together to form the team in 2000, but they have known each other since they were in kindergarten.", "The Runners __knowledge__ They both have been influenced their entire lives by producers Timbaland and The Neptunes.", "The Runners __knowledge__ Their trademark is an exhale sound effect ringing \"Ahhh\" at the beginning of their songs.", "The Runners __knowledge__ They are best known for producing the hit singles \"Go Hard\" and \"Hustlin'\", by rappers DJ Khaled and Rick Ross respectively.", "The Runners __knowledge__ They have produced songs for artists like Keyshia Cole Kevin Cossom Ace Hood, Chris Brown, Fat Joe, Juelz Santana, Nelly, Trip Lee, Jim Jones, Lil Wayne, Justin Bieber, Fabolous and Usher.", "Nice __knowledge__ Nice (, ; Niçard , classical norm, or \"\", nonstandard, ; ; ; ) is the fifth most populous city in France and the capital of the Alpes-Maritimes \"département\".", "Nice __knowledge__ The urban area of Nice extends beyond the administrative city limits, with a population of about 1 million on an area of .", "Nice __knowledge__ Located in the French Riviera, on the south east coast of France on the Mediterranean Sea, at the foot of the Alps, Nice is the second-largest French city on the Mediterranean coast and the second-largest city in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region after Marseille.", "Nice __knowledge__ Nice is about 13 kilometres (8 miles) from the principality of Monaco, and its airport is a gateway to the principality as well.", "Puyi __knowledge__ Puyi or Pu Yi (; 7 February 190617 October 1967), of the Manchu Aisin Gioro clan, was the last Emperor of China and the twelfth and final ruler of the Qing dynasty.", "Puyi __knowledge__ When he was a child, he reigned as the Xuantong Emperor (; Manchu: \"gehungge yoso hūwangdi\") in China and Khevt Yos Khaan in Mongolia from 1908 until his forced abdication on 12 February 1912, after the Xinhai Revolution.", "Puyi __knowledge__ From 1–12 July 1917, he was briefly restored to the throne as emperor by the warlord Zhang Xun.", "Puyi __knowledge__ In 1932 after the occupation of Manchuria, the state of Manchukuo was established by Japan, and he was chosen to become 'Emperor' of the new state using the era-name of Datong (Ta-tung).", "History of Xinjiang __knowledge__ The recorded history of the area now known as Xinjiang dates to the 2nd millennium BC.", "History of Xinjiang __knowledge__ There have been many empires, primarily Han Chinese, Turkic, and Mongol, that have ruled over the region, including the Yuezhi, Xiongnu, Han dynasty, Gaochang, Kingdom of Khotan, Sixteen Kingdoms of the Jin dynasty (Former Liang, Former Qin, Later Liang, and Western Liang), Turkic Khaganate, Tang dynasty, Tibetan Empire, Uyghur Khaganate, Kara-Khanid Khanate, Kingdom of Qocho, Qara Khitai, Mongol Empire, Yuan dynasty, Chagatai Khanate, Yarkent Khanate, Dzungar Khanate, and Qing dynasty.", "History of Xinjiang __knowledge__ Xinjiang was previously known as \"Xiyu\" (西域), under the Han dynasty, which drove the Xiongnu empire out of the region in 60 BCE in an effort to secure the profitable Silk Road, but was renamed Xinjiang (新疆, meaning \"new frontier\") when the region was reconquered by the Manchu-led Qing dynasty in 1759.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ China has long been a cradle and host to a variety of the most enduring religio-philosophical traditions of the world.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ Confucianism and Taoism, later joined by Buddhism, constitute the \"three teachings\" that have shaped Chinese culture.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ There are no clear boundaries between these intertwined religious systems, which do not claim to be exclusive, and elements of each enrich popular or folk religion.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ The emperors of China claimed the Mandate of Heaven and participated in Chinese religious practices.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ In the early 20th century, reform-minded officials and intellectuals attacked all religions as \"superstitious\", and since 1949, China has been governed by the Communist Party of China, an atheist institution that prohibits party members from practising religion while in office.", "Zhou Enlai __knowledge__ Zhou Enlai (; 5 March 1898 – 8 January 1976) was the first Premier of the People's Republic of China, serving from October 1949 until his death in January 1976.", "Zhou Enlai __knowledge__ Zhou served along with Chairman Mao Zedong and was instrumental in the Communist Party's rise to power, and later in consolidating its control, forming foreign policy, and developing the Chinese economy.", "Zhou Enlai __knowledge__ A skilled and able diplomat, Zhou served as the Chinese foreign minister from 1949 to 1958.", "Zhou Enlai __knowledge__ Advocating peaceful coexistence with the West after the stalemated Korean War, he participated in the 1954 Geneva Conference and the 1955 Bandung Conference, and helped orchestrate Richard Nixon's 1972 visit to China.", "Economy of China __knowledge__ China's socialist market economy is the world's second largest economy by nominal GDP and the world's largest economy by purchasing power parity according to the IMF, although China's National Bureau of Statistic denies this claim.", "Economy of China __knowledge__ Until 2015, China was the world's fastest-growing major economy, with growth rates averaging 10% over 30 years.", "Economy of China __knowledge__ Due to historical and political facts of China's developing economy, China's public sector accounts for a bigger share of the national economy than the burgeoning private sector.", "Economy of China __knowledge__ On a per capita income basis, China ranked 71st by GDP (nominal) and 78th by GDP (PPP) in 2016, according to the International Monetary Fund (IMF).", "Mao Zedong __knowledge__ Mao Zedong (December 26, 1893September 9, 1976), commonly known as Chairman Mao, was a Chinese communist revolutionary, poet, political theorist and founding father of the People's Republic of China, which he ruled as the Chairman of the Communist Party of China from its establishment in 1949 until his death in 1976.", "Mao Zedong __knowledge__ His theories, military strategies, and political policies are collectively known as Maoism.", "Mao Zedong __knowledge__ Mao Zedong was the son of a wealthy farmer in Shaoshan, Hunan.", "Mao Zedong __knowledge__ Mao adopted a Chinese nationalist and anti-imperialist outlook early in his life, and was particularly influenced by the events of the Xinhai Revolution of 1911 and May Fourth Movement of 1919." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "China __knowledge__ China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a unitary sovereign state in East Asia and the world's most populous country, with a population of around /1e9 round 3 billion.", "China __knowledge__ Covering approximately , it is the third- or fourth-largest country by total area, depending on the source consulted.", "China __knowledge__ China also has the most neighbor countries in the world.", "China __knowledge__ Governed by the Communist Party of China, it exercises jurisdiction over 22 provinces, five autonomous regions, four direct-controlled municipalities (Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, and Chongqing), and the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau.", "China __knowledge__ China emerged as one of the world's earliest civilizations, in the fertile basin of the Yellow River in the North China Plain.", "China __knowledge__ For millennia, China's political system was based on hereditary monarchies, or dynasties, beginning with the semi-legendary Xia dynasty in 21st century BCE.", "China __knowledge__ Since then, China has expanded, fractured, and re-unified numerous times.", "China __knowledge__ In the 3rd century BCE, the Qin unified core China and established the first Chinese dynasty.", "China __knowledge__ The succeeding Han dynasty saw some of the most advanced technology at that time, including papermaking and the compass, along with agricultural and medical improvements.", "Integer sorting __knowledge__ In computer science, integer sorting is the algorithmic problem of sorting a collection of data values by numeric keys, each of which is an integer.", "Integer sorting __knowledge__ Algorithms designed for integer sorting may also often be applied to sorting problems in which the keys are floating point numbers, rational numbers, or text strings.", "Integer sorting __knowledge__ The ability to perform integer arithmetic on the keys allows integer sorting algorithms to be faster than comparison sorting algorithms in many cases, depending on the details of which operations are allowed in the model of computing and how large the integers to be sorted are.", "Integer sorting __knowledge__ Integer sorting algorithms including pigeonhole sort, counting sort, and radix sort are widely used and practical.", "Early human migrations __knowledge__ The earliest migrations and expansions of archaic and modern humans across continents began 2 million years ago with the migration out of Africa of \"Homo erectus\", followed by other archaic humans including \"H. heidelbergensis\", the likely ancestor of both anatomically modern humans and Neanderthals, around 500,000 years ago.", "Early human migrations __knowledge__ Within Africa, \"Homo sapiens\" diverged around the time of its speciation, roughly 300,000 years ago.", "Early human migrations __knowledge__ The \"recent African origin\" paradigm suggests that the anatomically modern humans outside of Africa descend from a population of \"Homo sapiens\" migrating from East Africa after roughly 70,000 years ago and spread along the southern coast of Asia and to Oceania before 50,000 years ago.", "Volcanology of Canada __knowledge__ Volcanology of Canada includes lava flows, lava plateaus, lava domes, cinder cones, stratovolcanoes, shield volcanoes, submarine volcanoes, calderas, diatremes, and maars, along with examples of more less common volcanic forms such as tuyas and subglacial mounds.", "Volcanology of Canada __knowledge__ It has a very complex volcanological history spanning from the Precambrian eon at least 3.11 billion years ago when this part of the North American continent began to form.", "Volcanology of Canada __knowledge__ Although the country's volcanic activity dates back to the Precambrian eon, volcanism continues to occur in Western and Northern Canada where it forms part of an encircling chain of volcanoes and frequent earthquakes around the Pacific Ocean called the Pacific Ring of Fire.", "History of Nigeria __knowledge__ The history of Nigeria can be traced to prehistoric settlers (Nigerians) living in the area as early as 11000 BC.", "History of Nigeria __knowledge__ Numerous ancient African civilizations settled in the region that is today Nigeria, such as the Kingdom of Nri, the Benin Empire, and the Oyo Empire.", "History of Nigeria __knowledge__ Islam reached Nigeria through the Hausa States during the 11th century, while Christianity came to Nigeria in the 15th century through Augustinian and Capuchin monks from Portugal.", "History of Nigeria __knowledge__ The Songhai Empire also occupied part of the region.", "History of Nigeria __knowledge__ Lagos was invaded by British forces in 1851 and formally annexed in 1861.", "History of Nigeria __knowledge__ Nigeria became a British protectorate in 1901.", "History of Africa __knowledge__ The history of Africa begins with the emergence of \"Homo sapiens\" in East Africa, and continues into the present as a patchwork of diverse and politically developing nation states.", "History of Africa __knowledge__ The recorded history of early civilization arose in the Kingdom of Kush, and later in Ancient Egypt, the Sahel, the Maghreb and the Horn of Africa.", "History of Africa __knowledge__ During the Middle Ages, Islam spread west from Arabia to Egypt, crossing the Maghreb and the Sahel.", "History of Africa __knowledge__ Some notable pre-colonial states and societies in Africa include the Ajuran Empire, D'mt, Adal Sultanate, Warsangali Sultanate, Kingdom of Nri, Nok culture, Mali Empire, Songhai Empire, Benin Empire, Ashanti Empire, Ghana Empire, Mossi Kingdoms, Mutapa Empire, Kingdom of Mapungubwe, Kingdom of Sine, Kingdom of Sennar, Kingdom of Saloum, Kingdom of Baol, Kingdom of Cayor, Kingdom of Zimbabwe, Kingdom of Kongo, Empire of Kaabu, Ancient Carthage, Numidia, Mauretania, and the Aksumite Empire.", "North China Craton __knowledge__ The North China Craton is a continental crustal block with one of Earth's most complete and complex record of igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic processes.", "North China Craton __knowledge__ It is located in northeast China, Inner Mongolia, the Yellow Sea, and North Korea.", "North China Craton __knowledge__ The term craton designates this as a piece of continent that is stable, buoyant and rigid.", "North China Craton __knowledge__ Basic properties of the cratonic crust include being thick (around 200 km), relatively cold when compared to other regions, and low density.", "North China Craton __knowledge__ The North China Craton is an ancient craton, which experienced a long period of stability and fitted the definition of a craton well.", "Nigeria __knowledge__ The Federal Republic of Nigeria , commonly referred to as Nigeria, is a federal republic in West Africa, bordering Benin in the west, Chad and Cameroon in the east, and Niger in the north.", "Nigeria __knowledge__ Its coast in the south lies on the Gulf of Guinea in the Atlantic Ocean.", "Nigeria __knowledge__ It comprises 36 states and the Federal Capital Territory, where the capital, Abuja is located.", "Nigeria __knowledge__ Nigeria is officially a democratic secular country.", "Nigeria __knowledge__ Nigeria has been home to a number of kingdoms and tribal states over the millennia.", "Nigeria __knowledge__ The modern state originated from British colonial rule beginning in the 19th century, and took its present territorial shape with the merging of the Southern Nigeria Protectorate and Northern Nigeria Protectorate in 1914.", "ProgPower USA __knowledge__ ProgPower USA is a progressive, power metal, and progressive rock festival held annually in the United States since 2001.", "ProgPower USA __knowledge__ Its most recent edition was held at Center Stage in Atlanta, Georgia from September 6 – 9, 2017.", "ProgPower USA __knowledge__ ProgPower USA XIX is scheduled to take place September 5 – 8, 2018.", "ProgPower USA __knowledge__ The festival's band selection process focuses on quality over quantity.", "ProgPower USA __knowledge__ In addition to the emphasis on the power and progressive metal genres, the festival has branched out into other genres with the inclusion of the \"oddball\" slot that doesn't fit the normal motif.", "ProgPower USA __knowledge__ ProgPower USA gives bands that have never performed in the States a chance to test the waters so to speak, and it also allows them to interact with fans more than ever.", "Lorenzo Scott __knowledge__ Lorenzo Scott was born in 1934 in West Point, Georgia.", "Lorenzo Scott __knowledge__ Scott is a contemporary self-taught artist whose work began to be recognized in the United States in the late 1980s.", "Lorenzo Scott __knowledge__ Lorenzo Scott was born on July 23, 1934 in the small, bustling mill village and railroad hub of West Point, Georgia.", "Lorenzo Scott __knowledge__ When his mother, who worked in the fields supplying cotton to the local mills, lost her job during the Depression, the family moved to Atlanta in search of work.", "Lorenzo Scott __knowledge__ One of eleven children, Lorenzo tells of a time in his youth when he first saw his mother make a sketch, and knew even at an early age that he wanted to be able to draw like that.", "U.S. Route 23 in Georgia __knowledge__ U.S. Route 23 (US 23) in the U.S. state of Georgia, is a north–south United States highway that runs from the St. Marys River southeast of Folkston to the North Carolina state line, north of Dillard.", "U.S. Route 23 in Georgia __knowledge__ US 23 is signed concurrently with various state routes.", "U.S. Route 23 in Georgia __knowledge__ It uses SR 4/SR 15 from Florida to Folkston, SR 19 from Alma to Lumber City, and again in Macon, SR 27 from Hazelhurst to north of Chauncey, SR 87 from Eastman to Flovilla, SR 42 from Flovilla to Atlanta, SR 10 from Atlanta to Druid Hills, SR 8 from Atlanta to Decatur, SR 155 from McDonough to Decatur, SR 13 from Brookhaven to Sugar Hill, SR 20 within Buford, SR 365 Buford to Mount Airy, and SR 15 again from Cornelia to the North Carolina state line.", "Atlanta in the American Civil War __knowledge__ The city of Atlanta, Georgia, in Fulton County, was an important rail and commercial center during the American Civil War.", "Atlanta in the American Civil War __knowledge__ Although relatively small in population, the city became a critical point of contention during the Atlanta Campaign in 1864 when a powerful Union army approached from Union-held Tennessee.", "Atlanta in the American Civil War __knowledge__ The fall of Atlanta was a critical point in the Civil War, giving the North more confidence, and (along with the victories at Mobile Bay and Winchester) leading to the re-election of President Abraham Lincoln and the eventual surrender of the Confederacy.", "Atlanta in the American Civil War __knowledge__ The capture of the \"Gate City of the South\" was especially important for Lincoln as he was in a contentious election campaign against the Democratic opponent George B. McClellan.", "Woody Cornwell __knowledge__ Woody Cornwell (1968-2016) was an American Abstract painter and co-founder of Eyedrum Art & Music Gallery in Atlanta during the late 1990's.", "Woody Cornwell __knowledge__ Eyedrum, in that era, was instrumental in expanding the alternative art scene in Atlanta.", "Woody Cornwell __knowledge__ He received a Bachelor degree from Savannah College of Art and Design (SCAD) graduating Magna Cum Laude and a Master's degree in Fine Arts from Georgia State University.", "Woody Cornwell __knowledge__ In 1997, Woody with a group of friends co-founded Eyedrum Art & Music Gallary in Atlanta where he curated art exhibits and mentored young artists in the city.", "Woody Cornwell __knowledge__ In addition he taught art at the Atlanta college of Art, SCAD Atlanta, Callenwalde Art Center and Chastain Art Center and the Telefair Museum in Atlanta.", "Atlanta metropolitan area __knowledge__ Metro Atlanta, designated by the United States Office of Management and Budget as the Atlanta–Sandy Springs–Roswell, GA Metropolitan Statistical Area, is the most populous metro area in the US state of Georgia and the ninth-largest metropolitan statistical area (MSA) in the United States.", "Atlanta metropolitan area __knowledge__ Its economic, cultural and demographic center is Atlanta, and it had a 2015 estimated population of 5.7 million people according to the U.S. Census Bureau.", "Atlanta metropolitan area __knowledge__ The metro area forms the core of a broader trading area, the Atlanta–Athens-Clarke–Sandy Springs Combined Statistical Area.", "Atlanta metropolitan area __knowledge__ The Combined Statistical Area spans up to 39 counties in north Georgia and had an estimated 2015 population of 6.3 million people.", "Museum of Contemporary Art of Georgia __knowledge__ The Museum of Contemporary Art of Georgia (MOCA GA) is a contemporary art museum located in Atlanta.", "Museum of Contemporary Art of Georgia __knowledge__ The museum collects and archives hundreds of contemporary works by Georgia artists.", "Museum of Contemporary Art of Georgia __knowledge__ MOCA GA fulfills its mission through an exhibition schedule, increasing its permanent collection, and the Education/Resource Center, which houses the museum’s historical archive collection.", "Museum of Contemporary Art of Georgia __knowledge__ MOCA GA was co-founded in 2000 by David S. Golden and Annette Cone-Skelton.", "Museum of Contemporary Art of Georgia __knowledge__ The museum was the evolution of the idea the co-founders presented in 1989.", "Museum of Contemporary Art of Georgia __knowledge__ Annette Cone-Skelton’s artist background and David S. Golden’s position as the President of CGR Advisors (private real estate investment firm) led them to the idea for a contemporary art museum for the state of Georgia." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "China __knowledge__ China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a unitary sovereign state in East Asia and the world's most populous country, with a population of around /1e9 round 3 billion.", "China __knowledge__ Covering approximately , it is the third- or fourth-largest country by total area, depending on the source consulted.", "China __knowledge__ China also has the most neighbor countries in the world.", "China __knowledge__ Governed by the Communist Party of China, it exercises jurisdiction over 22 provinces, five autonomous regions, four direct-controlled municipalities (Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, and Chongqing), and the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau.", "China __knowledge__ China emerged as one of the world's earliest civilizations, in the fertile basin of the Yellow River in the North China Plain.", "China __knowledge__ For millennia, China's political system was based on hereditary monarchies, or dynasties, beginning with the semi-legendary Xia dynasty in 21st century BCE.", "China __knowledge__ Since then, China has expanded, fractured, and re-unified numerous times.", "China __knowledge__ In the 3rd century BCE, the Qin unified core China and established the first Chinese dynasty.", "China __knowledge__ The succeeding Han dynasty saw some of the most advanced technology at that time, including papermaking and the compass, along with agricultural and medical improvements.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ Fortune Records was an American family operated, independent record label located in Detroit, Michigan from 1946 to 1995.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ The label owners were Jack and Devora Brown, their son Sheldon Brown recorded for the label.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ Original releases tapered off after 1972 aside from a few albums in the mid-1980s.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ Fortune specialized in R&B, blues, soul and doo-wop music, although the label also released pop, big band, hillbilly, gospel, rock and roll, and polka records.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ Fortune released some doo-wop tunes by Nolan Strong & The Diablos, such as \"The Wind\" (Fortune 511, 1954), \"The Way You Dog Me Around\" (Fortune 518, 1955), and \"Mind Over Matter\" (Fortune 546, 1962).", "African art __knowledge__ African art describes the modern and historical paintings, sculptures, installations, and other visual culture from native or indigenous Africans and the African continent.", "African art __knowledge__ The definition may also include the art of the native African, African diasporas, such as African American, Caribbean and other American art.", "African art __knowledge__ Despite this diversity, there are some unifying artistic themes when considering the totality of the visual culture from the continent of Africa.", "African art __knowledge__ Masquerade, metalwork, sculpture, architecture, fiber art, and dance are important art forms across Africa and may be included in the study of African art.", "Bob Dylan __knowledge__ Bob Dylan (; born Robert Allen Zimmerman, May 24, 1941) is an American singer-songwriter, author, and painter, who has been an influential figure in popular music and culture for more than five decades.", "Bob Dylan __knowledge__ Much of his most celebrated work dates from the 1960s, when he became a reluctant \"voice of a generation\" with songs such as \"Blowin' in the Wind\" and \"The Times They Are a-Changin'\" that became anthems for the Civil Rights Movement and anti-war movement.", "Bob Dylan __knowledge__ In 1965, he controversially abandoned his early fan-base in the American folk music revival, recording a six-minute single, \"Like a Rolling Stone\", which enlarged the scope of popular music.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Love __knowledge__ Love encompasses a variety of different emotional and mental states, typically strongly and positively experienced, ranging from the deepest interpersonal affection to the simplest pleasure.", "Love __knowledge__ An example of this range of meanings is that the love of a mother differs from the love of a spouse differs from the love of food.", "Love __knowledge__ Most commonly, love refers to a feeling of strong attraction and emotional attachment.", "Love __knowledge__ Love can also be a virtue representing human kindness, compassion, and affection—\"the unselfish loyal and benevolent concern for the good of another\".", "Love __knowledge__ It may also describe compassionate and affectionate actions towards other humans, one's self or animals.", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays __knowledge__ Characters of Shakespear's Plays is an 1817 book of criticism of Shakespeare's plays, written by early nineteenth century English essayist and literary critic William Hazlitt.", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays __knowledge__ Composed in reaction to the neoclassical approach to Shakespeare's plays typified by Samuel Johnson, it was among the first English-language studies of Shakespeare's plays to follow the manner of German critic August Wilhelm Schlegel, and, with the work of Samuel Taylor Coleridge, paved the way for the increased appreciation of Shakespeare's genius that was characteristic of later nineteenth-century criticism.", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays __knowledge__ It was also the first book to cover all of Shakespeare's plays, intended as a guide for the general reader.", "Mineral __knowledge__ A mineral is a naturally occurring chemical compound, usually of crystalline form and abiogenic in origin (not produced by life processes).", "Mineral __knowledge__ A mineral has one specific chemical composition, whereas a rock can be an aggregate of different minerals or mineraloids.", "Mineral __knowledge__ The study of minerals is called mineralogy.", "Mineral __knowledge__ There are over 5,300 known mineral species; , over 5,290 of these had been approved by the International Mineralogical Association (IMA).", "Mineral __knowledge__ The silicate minerals compose over 90% of the Earth's crust.", "Mineral __knowledge__ Silicon and oxygen constitute approximately 75% of the Earth's crust, which translates directly into the predominance of silicate minerals.", "Petah Coyne __knowledge__ Petah Coyne is a contemporary American sculptor and photographer.", "Petah Coyne __knowledge__ She is known for her large-scale sculptures composed of unconventional, and often organic, materials.", "Petah Coyne __knowledge__ Some of her works are in the permanent collections of museums and galleries such as the Museum of Modern Art, the Whitney Museum of American Art, the Brooklyn Museum of Art, the Toledo Museum of Art, the High Museum of Art in Atlanta, the Corcoran Gallery of Art, and the Nasher Museum of Art at Duke University.", "Petah Coyne __knowledge__ Coyne was born in Oklahoma City in 1953 to a military family that moved several times before settling in Dayton, OH when she was twelve.", "Atlanta __knowledge__ Atlanta () is the capital and most populous city of the state of Georgia in the United States.", "Atlanta __knowledge__ With an estimated 2016 population of 472,522, it is the cultural and economic center of the Atlanta metropolitan area, home to 5.7 million people and the ninth-largest metropolitan area in the United States.", "Atlanta __knowledge__ Atlanta is the seat of Fulton County and a small portion of the city extends eastward into DeKalb County.", "Atlanta __knowledge__ Atlanta was founded as a transportation hub at the intersection of two railroad lines in 1837.", "Atlanta __knowledge__ After being mostly burned to the ground during the American Civil War, the city rose from its ashes to become a national center of commerce and the unofficial capital of the \"New South\".", "Lorenzo Scott __knowledge__ Lorenzo Scott was born in 1934 in West Point, Georgia.", "Lorenzo Scott __knowledge__ Scott is a contemporary self-taught artist whose work began to be recognized in the United States in the late 1980s.", "Lorenzo Scott __knowledge__ Lorenzo Scott was born on July 23, 1934 in the small, bustling mill village and railroad hub of West Point, Georgia.", "Lorenzo Scott __knowledge__ When his mother, who worked in the fields supplying cotton to the local mills, lost her job during the Depression, the family moved to Atlanta in search of work.", "Lorenzo Scott __knowledge__ One of eleven children, Lorenzo tells of a time in his youth when he first saw his mother make a sketch, and knew even at an early age that he wanted to be able to draw like that.", "Museum of Contemporary Art of Georgia __knowledge__ The Museum of Contemporary Art of Georgia (MOCA GA) is a contemporary art museum located in Atlanta.", "Museum of Contemporary Art of Georgia __knowledge__ The museum collects and archives hundreds of contemporary works by Georgia artists.", "Museum of Contemporary Art of Georgia __knowledge__ MOCA GA fulfills its mission through an exhibition schedule, increasing its permanent collection, and the Education/Resource Center, which houses the museum’s historical archive collection.", "Museum of Contemporary Art of Georgia __knowledge__ MOCA GA was co-founded in 2000 by David S. Golden and Annette Cone-Skelton.", "Museum of Contemporary Art of Georgia __knowledge__ The museum was the evolution of the idea the co-founders presented in 1989.", "Museum of Contemporary Art of Georgia __knowledge__ Annette Cone-Skelton’s artist background and David S. Golden’s position as the President of CGR Advisors (private real estate investment firm) led them to the idea for a contemporary art museum for the state of Georgia.", "Kim Tschang-yeul __knowledge__ Kim Tschang Yeul (also known as \"김창열\",\"Kim Tchangyeul\", \"Kim Chang Yeul\", or \"Tschangyeul Kim\") is a South Korean painter born in Maengsan, South P'yŏngan province, Chōsen, in Japanese occupied North Korea, on December 24, 1929.", "Kim Tschang-yeul __knowledge__ Kim Tschang Yeul is part of the first generation of modern artists in South Korea.", "Kim Tschang-yeul __knowledge__ He is a prolific painter well known for his 'water drop' paintings, and has been one of the most influential figures in modern Korean art history.", "Kim Tschang-yeul __knowledge__ Although he started out as part of the Art Informel movement in South Korea, he has lived most of his adult life in Paris, France, where he developed his own unique style of painting.", "Zhang Xiaogang __knowledge__ Zhang Xiaogang (; born in 1958) is a contemporary Chinese symbolist and surrealist painter.", "Zhang Xiaogang __knowledge__ Paintings in his \"Bloodline\" series are predominantly monochromatic, stylized portraits of Chinese people, usually with large, dark-pupiled eyes, posed in a stiff manner deliberately reminiscent of family portraits from the 1950s and 1960s.", "Zhang Xiaogang __knowledge__ Recently, he also created sculptures, translating for the first time into three dimensions many characters of the sort seen in his \"Bloodlines—Big Family\" portrait series.", "Zhang Xiaogang __knowledge__ These sculptures have featured in many exhibits and continue his work as one of China's leading, and most highly sought-after, contemporary artists.", "Gerardo Mosquera __knowledge__ Gerardo Mosquera (Havana, 1945) is a freelance curator, critic, art historian, and writer based in Havana, Cuba.", "Gerardo Mosquera __knowledge__ He was one of the organizers of the first Havana Biennial in 1984 and remained central to the curatorial team until he resigned in 1989.", "Gerardo Mosquera __knowledge__ Since then, his activity turned to be mainly international: he has been traveling, lecturing and curating exhibitions in more than 70 countries.", "Gerardo Mosquera __knowledge__ Mosquera was adjunct curator at the New Museum of Contemporary Art, New York, from 1995 to 2009.", "Gerardo Mosquera __knowledge__ Since 1995 he is advisor in the Rijksakademie van Beeldende Kusten in Amsterdam.", "Gerardo Mosquera __knowledge__ His publications include several books on art and art theory (and a short stories' volume), and more than 600 articles, reviews and essays have appeared in such magazines as \"Aperture\", \"Art in America\", \"Art & Text\", \"Art Criticism\", \"Art Journal\", \"Art Nexus\", \"Atlántica\", \"Cahiers\", \"Casa de las Américas\", \"ArtForum\", \"Kunstforum\", \"La Jornada Semanal\", \"Lápiz\", \"Neue Bildende Kunst\", \"Oxford Art Journal\", \"Parkett\", \"Plural\", \"Poliester\", \"Third Text\", etc." ] ]

[ 0, 0, 68, 55 ]

[ "My father is now living in China.", "No, I was born in Atlanta, GA.", "If you ever come to Atlanta, you should go to the The Museum of Contemporary Art of Georgia.", "The museum collects and archives hundreds of contemporary works by Georgia artists and also artists all over the world." ]

[ "China", "China", "China", "China" ]

[ "Charity shop\nI like to visit thrift shops.", "I like how there is always something new and different every time you go.", "Yes and there is so much to look at there.", "I prefer to shop at the ones that actually do go to a good cause.", "Goodwill does not work that way though." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Charity shop __knowledge__ A charity shop or thrift shop is a retail establishment run by a charitable organization to raise money.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ Charity shops are a type of social enterprise.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ They sell mainly used goods such as clothing, books, music albums, home videos, and furniture donated by members of the public, and are often staffed by volunteers.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ Because the items for sale were obtained for free, and business costs are low, the items can be sold at competitive prices.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ After costs are paid, all remaining income from the sales is used in accord with the organization's stated charitable purpose.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ Costs include purchase and/or depreciation of fixtures (clothing racks, bookshelves, counters, etc.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ ), operating costs (maintenance, municipal service fees, electricity, heat, telephone, limited advertising) and the building lease or mortgage.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ Charity shops may also be referred to as thrift stores (in the United States and Canada), hospice shops, resale shops (a term that in the U.S. also covers consignment shops), and opportunity (or op) shops (in Australia and New Zealand).", "Charity shop __knowledge__ One of the earliest charity shops was set up by the Wolverhampton Society for the Blind (now called the Beacon Centre for the Blind) in 1899 to sell goods made by blind people to raise money for the Society.", "Thrift Shop __knowledge__ \"Thrift Shop\" is a song by American hip hop duo Macklemore & Ryan Lewis.", "Thrift Shop __knowledge__ It was released on August 27, 2012 as Macklemore's eighth career single and the fourth single from their debut studio album, \"The Heist\" (2012).", "Thrift Shop __knowledge__ It features vocals by Wanz.", "Thrift Shop __knowledge__ The song was composed to show Macklemore's esteem for thrift shops and saving money, rather than flaunting expensive items like many rappers.", "Thrift Shop __knowledge__ Many music reviewers praised the song for its humorous lyrics and social critique.", "Thrift Shop __knowledge__ Despite being released on Macklemore's independent label with distribution by the Alternative Distribution Alliance (ADA), a Warner Music Group company, the single was a sleeper hit.", "Thrift store chic __knowledge__ Thrift store chic refers to a style of dressing where clothes are cheap and/or used.", "Thrift store chic __knowledge__ Clothes are often bought from thrift stores such as the Salvation Army, Goodwill, or Value Village.", "Thrift store chic __knowledge__ Originally popular among the hippies of the late 1960s, this fashion movement resurfaced during the mid-1980s among teenagers, and expanded into the 1990s with the growing popularity of such music and style influences including the grunge band Nirvana.", "Thrift store chic __knowledge__ Thrift store chic can be considered as an anti-fashion statement because it does not follow fashion trends and does not attempt to look expensive or new.", "Thrift store chic __knowledge__ Thrift store chic is often composed of vintage T-shirts (striped tees and anything with vintage graphics, in particular), sweaters, flannel ‘lumberjack’ shirts, and worn and torn jeans.", "Housing Works __knowledge__ Housing Works is a New York City based non-profit fighting the twin crises of AIDS and homelessness.", "Housing Works __knowledge__ The charity is well known for its operations, which have recently included outreach to Haiti after the 2010 earthquake.", "Housing Works __knowledge__ , the organization has served 30,000 clients.", "Housing Works __knowledge__ In 1990, five members of the famous AIDS activist group ACT UP—Keith Cylar, Charles King, Gerri Wells, Eric Sawyer and Virginia Shubert—decided to dedicate themselves to serving one of New York City’s most neglected populations: the tens of thousands of homeless men, women, and children in New York City living with HIV and AIDS.", "Housing Works __knowledge__ The activists called their new group Housing Works because they believed that stable housing was the key to helping HIV-positive people live healthy and fulfilling lives and to prevent the further spread of the virus.", "Sustainable clothing __knowledge__ Sustainable clothing refers to fabrics derived from eco-friendly resources, such as sustainably grown fiber crops or recycled materials.", "Sustainable clothing __knowledge__ It also refers to how these fabrics are made.", "Sustainable clothing __knowledge__ Historically, being environmentally conscious towards clothing meant (1) buying clothes from thrift stores or any shops that sell second-hand clothing, or (2) donating used clothes to shops previously mentioned, for reuse or resale.", "Sustainable clothing __knowledge__ In modern times, with a prominent trend towards sustainability and being ‘green’, sustainable clothing has expanded towards (1) reducing the amount of clothing discarded to landfills, and (2) decreasing the environmental impact of agro-chemicals in producing conventional fiber crops (e.g.", "Edinburgh University Settlement __knowledge__ The Edinburgh University Settlement (EUS) was a multi-purpose voluntary organisation established by University of Edinburgh in 1905.", "Edinburgh University Settlement __knowledge__ The Edinburgh University Settlement was part of a larger settlement movement which began in Britain with the founding of Toynbee Hall in London in 1886.", "Edinburgh University Settlement __knowledge__ EUS was liquidated in 2011 following bankruptcy.", "Edinburgh University Settlement __knowledge__ The main founder of the Edinburgh settlement was a history professor called Sir Richard Lodge in proposing the foundation of the Settlement Professor Lodge acknowledged that while Edinburgh was a fair city it had some 'foul spots' in it.", "Edinburgh University Settlement __knowledge__ The first location suggested for the settlement would be in the district that lay between the Cowgate and the Cannongate in Edinburgh's old town.", "Nigel Thrift __knowledge__ Sir Nigel John Thrift, DL, FBA, FAcSS (born 12 October 1949 in Bath) is a British academic and geographer.", "Nigel Thrift __knowledge__ In 2016 he became Executive Director of the Schwarzman Scholars, an international leadership program at Tsinghua University in Beijing.", "Nigel Thrift __knowledge__ He is the former Vice-Chancellor of the University of Warwick, having served in the position from 2006 to 2016, and a leading academic in the field of human geography.", "Nigel Thrift __knowledge__ Born in 1949, and educated at Nailsea School south west of Bristol, Thrift then studied geography at the University of Wales, Aberystwyth and did his PhD at the University of Bristol.", "Nigel Thrift __knowledge__ Thrift has held posts at numerous universities, including the University of Wales, Aberystwyth, the University of Wales, Lampeter, the University of Bristol, and the University of Oxford." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Charity shop __knowledge__ A charity shop or thrift shop is a retail establishment run by a charitable organization to raise money.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ Charity shops are a type of social enterprise.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ They sell mainly used goods such as clothing, books, music albums, home videos, and furniture donated by members of the public, and are often staffed by volunteers.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ Because the items for sale were obtained for free, and business costs are low, the items can be sold at competitive prices.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ After costs are paid, all remaining income from the sales is used in accord with the organization's stated charitable purpose.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ Costs include purchase and/or depreciation of fixtures (clothing racks, bookshelves, counters, etc.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ ), operating costs (maintenance, municipal service fees, electricity, heat, telephone, limited advertising) and the building lease or mortgage.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ Charity shops may also be referred to as thrift stores (in the United States and Canada), hospice shops, resale shops (a term that in the U.S. also covers consignment shops), and opportunity (or op) shops (in Australia and New Zealand).", "Charity shop __knowledge__ One of the earliest charity shops was set up by the Wolverhampton Society for the Blind (now called the Beacon Centre for the Blind) in 1899 to sell goods made by blind people to raise money for the Society.", "(There's) Always Something There to Remind Me __knowledge__ \"(There's) Always Something There to Remind Me\" is a song written in the 1960s by songwriting team Burt Bacharach and Hal David.", "(There's) Always Something There to Remind Me __knowledge__ The lyrics are from the point of view of a man who has just broken up with his lover, and wants to forget about her.", "(There's) Always Something There to Remind Me __knowledge__ However, everywhere he goes (city streets, cafe) something reminds him of her.", "(There's) Always Something There to Remind Me __knowledge__ Originally recorded as a demo by Dionne Warwick in 1963, \"(There's) Always Something There to Remind Me\" first charted for Lou Johnson whose version reached #49 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 in the summer of 1964.", "(There's) Always Something There to Remind Me __knowledge__ British impresario Eve Taylor heard Johnson's version while on a US visit scouting for material for her recent discovery Sandie Shaw, who consequently covered the song for the UK market.", "Gilda Radner __knowledge__ Gilda Susan Radner (June 28, 1946 – May 20, 1989) was an American comedian, actress, and one of seven original cast members of the NBC sketch comedy show \"Saturday Night Live\" (\"SNL\").", "Gilda Radner __knowledge__ In her routines, Radner specialized in broad and obnoxious parodies of television stereotypes, such as annoying advice specialists and news anchors.", "Gilda Radner __knowledge__ She also portrayed those characters in her highly successful one-woman show on Broadway in 1979.", "Gilda Radner __knowledge__ Radner died from ovarian cancer in 1989, and her life and legacy from \"SNL\" established her as an iconic figure in the history of American comedy.", "Gilda Radner __knowledge__ Her widower, Gene Wilder, carried out her personal wish that information about her illness would help other cancer victims.", "Something New (Girls Aloud song) __knowledge__ \"Something New\" is a song recorded by British girl group Girls Aloud from their second compilation album, \"Ten\" (2012).", "Something New (Girls Aloud song) __knowledge__ It was released by Polydor Records on 16 November 2012, as the first single from the album and the official single for \"Children in Need 2012\" and also serves as their final official single.", "Something New (Girls Aloud song) __knowledge__ In February 2009, the group signed a new record deal with Fascination Records that would see the group release another three studio albums; however, they announced that they were taking a hiatus to pursue solo projects.", "Something New (Girls Aloud song) __knowledge__ In April 2012, bandmate Cheryl Cole revealed the girls had been in talks to regroup for the group's tenth anniversary later that year.", "Robert Wyatt __knowledge__ Robert Wyatt (born Robert Wyatt-Ellidge, 28 January 1945) is an English musician, and founding member of the influential Canterbury scene band Soft Machine, with a long and distinguished solo career.", "Robert Wyatt __knowledge__ He is married to English painter and songwriter Alfreda Benge.", "Robert Wyatt __knowledge__ Wyatt was born in Bristol.", "Robert Wyatt __knowledge__ His mother was Honor Wyatt, a journalist with the BBC, and his father, George Ellidge, was an industrial psychologist.", "Robert Wyatt __knowledge__ Wyatt had two half-brothers from his parents' previous marriages, Honor Wyatt's son, actor Julian Glover, and George Ellidge's son, press photographer Mark Ellidge.", "Robert Wyatt __knowledge__ His parents' friends were \"quite bohemian\", and his upbringing was \"unconventional\".", "Pat McGrath (make-up artist) __knowledge__ Pat McGrath MBE (born 11 June 1970) is a British make-up artist.", "Pat McGrath (make-up artist) __knowledge__ She has been called the most influential make-up artist in the world by \"Vogue\" magazine and other commentators.", "Pat McGrath (make-up artist) __knowledge__ McGrath was born on 11 June 1965 in Northampton, England, to Jean McGrath, a Jamaican expatriate.", "Pat McGrath (make-up artist) __knowledge__ Jean was a single mother who raised McGrath and her older sister Faith, in Northampton.", "Pat McGrath (make-up artist) __knowledge__ McGrath credits her mother for her love of fashion and make-up, saying that Jean would comment on clothes as they watched classic movies together.", "Pat McGrath (make-up artist) __knowledge__ McGrath's mother, a devoted Jehovah's Witness, heavily influenced McGrath's creativity, often quizzing her on different shades of eyeshadow.", "Tad Williams __knowledge__ Robert Paul \"Tad\" Williams (born 14 March 1957 in San Jose, California) is an American fantasy and science fiction writer.", "Tad Williams __knowledge__ He is the author of the multivolume \"Memory, Sorrow, and Thorn\" series, \"Otherland\" series, and \"Shadowmarch\" series as well as the standalone novels \"Tailchaser's Song\" and \"The War of the Flowers\".", "Tad Williams __knowledge__ Most recently, Williams published \"The Bobby Dollar\" series.", "Tad Williams __knowledge__ Cumulatively, over 17 million copies of Williams's works have been sold.", "Tad Williams __knowledge__ Williams's work in comics includes a six issue mini-series for DC Comics called \"The Next\".", "Tad Williams __knowledge__ He also wrote \"\" issue #50 to #57.", "Tad Williams __knowledge__ Other comic work includes \"Mirrorworld: Rain\" and \"The Helmet of Fate: Ibis the Invincible #1\" (DC).", "Something New (political party) __knowledge__ Something New is a political party in England, founded in October 2014.", "Something New (political party) __knowledge__ The party is primarily based on the concept of an open-source manifesto, which means that it could be described as a party of the radical centre, as it combines ideas from the left and right of politics.", "Something New (political party) __knowledge__ It could also be described as syncretic.", "Something New (political party) __knowledge__ As such, Something New has no fixed ideology and instead believes in evidence-based policy creation.", "Something New (political party) __knowledge__ The party stood two candidates at the 2015 general election in Horsham and South West Surrey, winning 0.7% and 0.6% of the vote respectively.", "Something New (political party) __knowledge__ They have also contested a number of local government seats.", "Transformation problem __knowledge__ In 20th-century discussions of Karl Marx's economics, the transformation problem is the problem of finding a general rule by which to transform the \"values\" of commodities (based on their socially necessary labour content, according to his labour theory of value) into the \"competitive prices\" of the marketplace.", "Transformation problem __knowledge__ This problem was first introduced by Marx in chapter 9 of the draft of volume 3 of \"Capital\", where he also sketched a solution.", "Transformation problem __knowledge__ The essential difficulty was this: given that Marx derived profit, in the form of surplus value, from direct labour inputs, and that the ratio of direct labour input to capital input varied widely between commodities, how could he reconcile this with the tendency toward an average rate of profit on all capital invested?", "Porter's generic strategies __knowledge__ Porter's generic strategies describe how a company pursues competitive advantage across its chosen market scope.", "Porter's generic strategies __knowledge__ There are three/four generic strategies, either lower cost, differentiated, or focus.", "Porter's generic strategies __knowledge__ A company chooses to pursue one of two types of competitive advantage, either via lower costs than its competition or by differentiating itself along dimensions valued by customers to command a higher price.", "Porter's generic strategies __knowledge__ A company also chooses one of two types of scope, either focus (offering its products to selected segments of the market) or industry-wide, offering its product across many market segments.", "Porter's generic strategies __knowledge__ The generic strategy reflects the choices made regarding both the type of competitive advantage and the scope.", "Law of value __knowledge__ The law of value (German: \"Wertgesetz\") is a central concept in Karl Marx's critique of political economy, first expounded in his polemic \"The Poverty of Philosophy\" (1847) against Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, with reference to David Ricardo's economics.", "Law of value __knowledge__ Most generally, it refers to a regulative principle of the economic exchange of the products of human work: the relative exchange-values of those products in trade, usually expressed by money-prices, are proportional to the average amounts of human labor-time which are currently socially necessary to produce them.", "Law of value __knowledge__ Thus, the fluctuating exchange value of commodities (exchangeable products) is regulated by their value, where the magnitude of their value is determined by the average quantity of human labour which is currently socially necessary to produce them (see labor theory of value and value-form).", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The economic history of the United States is about characteristics of and important developments in the U.S. economy from colonial times to the present.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The emphasis is on economic performance and how it was affected by new technologies, the change of size in economic sectors and the effects of legislation and government policy.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ Specialized business history is covered in American business history.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The colonial economy differed significantly from that of most other regions in that land and natural resources were abundant in America but labor was scarce.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ From 1700 to 1775 the output of the thirteen colonies increased 12 fold, giving the colonies an economy about 30% the size of Britain's at the time of independence.", "Herbert Scarf __knowledge__ Herbert Eli Scarf (July 25, 1930 – November 15, 2015) was an American economist and Sterling Professor (Emeritus as of 2010) of Economics at Yale University.", "Herbert Scarf __knowledge__ He was a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the National Academy of Sciences and the American Philosophical Society.", "Herbert Scarf __knowledge__ He served as the president of the Econometric Society in 1983.", "Herbert Scarf __knowledge__ He received both the Frederick Lanchester Award in 1973 and the John von Neumann Medal in 1983 from the Operations Research Society of America and was elected as a Distinguished Fellow of the American Economic Association in 1991.", "Herbert Scarf __knowledge__ Scarf never received formal training in economics.", "Criticism of Walmart __knowledge__ Walmart has been criticized by groups and individuals, including labor unions and small-town advocates protesting against Walmart policies and business practices and their effects.", "Criticism of Walmart __knowledge__ Criticisms include charges of racial and gender discrimination, foreign product sourcing, treatment of product suppliers, environmental practices, the use of public subsidies, and the company's security policies.", "Criticism of Walmart __knowledge__ Walmart denies any wrongdoing and says that low prices are the result of efficiency.", "Criticism of Walmart __knowledge__ In 2005, labor unions created new organizations and websites to criticize the company, including Wake Up Wal-Mart (United Food and Commercial Workers) and Walmart Watch (Service Employees International Union).", "Economy of Finland __knowledge__ Finland has a highly industrialised, mixed economy with a per capita output similar to that of other western European economies such as France, Germany and United Kingdom but slightly lower than Sweden.", "Economy of Finland __knowledge__ The largest sector of the economy is services at 72.7 percent, followed by manufacturing and refining at 31.4 percent.", "Economy of Finland __knowledge__ Primary production is 2.9 percent.", "Economy of Finland __knowledge__ With respect to foreign trade, the key economic sector is manufacturing.", "Economy of Finland __knowledge__ The largest industries are electronics (21.6 percent), machinery, vehicles and other engineered metal products (21.1 percent), forest industry (13.1 percent), and chemicals (10.9 percent)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Charity shop __knowledge__ A charity shop or thrift shop is a retail establishment run by a charitable organization to raise money.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ Charity shops are a type of social enterprise.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ They sell mainly used goods such as clothing, books, music albums, home videos, and furniture donated by members of the public, and are often staffed by volunteers.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ Because the items for sale were obtained for free, and business costs are low, the items can be sold at competitive prices.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ After costs are paid, all remaining income from the sales is used in accord with the organization's stated charitable purpose.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ Costs include purchase and/or depreciation of fixtures (clothing racks, bookshelves, counters, etc.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ ), operating costs (maintenance, municipal service fees, electricity, heat, telephone, limited advertising) and the building lease or mortgage.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ Charity shops may also be referred to as thrift stores (in the United States and Canada), hospice shops, resale shops (a term that in the U.S. also covers consignment shops), and opportunity (or op) shops (in Australia and New Zealand).", "Charity shop __knowledge__ One of the earliest charity shops was set up by the Wolverhampton Society for the Blind (now called the Beacon Centre for the Blind) in 1899 to sell goods made by blind people to raise money for the Society.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Yes Minister is a Political satire British sitcom written by Antony Jay and Jonathan Lynn that was first transmitted on BBC Two from 1980 to 1984, split over three seven-episode series.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ The sequel, Yes, Prime Minister, ran from 1986 to 1988.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ In total there were 38 episodes, of which all but one lasted half an hour.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Almost all episodes ended with a variation of the title of the series spoken as the answer to a question posed by Hacker.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Several episodes were adapted for BBC Radio, and a stage play was produced in 2010, the latter leading to a new television series on UKTV Gold in 2013.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Set principally in the private office of a British Cabinet minister in the fictional Department of Administrative Affairs in Whitehall, \"Yes Minister\" follows the ministerial career of the Rt Hon Jim Hacker MP, played by Paul Eddington.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ A referendum on Scottish independence from the United Kingdom took place on 18 September 2014.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The referendum question, which voters answered with \"Yes\" or \"No\", was \"Should Scotland be an independent country?\"", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The \"No\" side won, with 2,001,926 (55.3%) voting against independence and 1,617,989 (44.7%) voting in favour.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The turnout of 84.6% was the highest recorded for an election or referendum in the United Kingdom since the introduction of universal suffrage.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The Scottish Independence Referendum Act 2013, setting out the arrangements for the referendum, was passed by the Scottish Parliament in November 2013, following an agreement between the Scottish Government and the United Kingdom government.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ The Yes Men are a culture jamming activist duo and network of supporters created by Jacques Servin and Igor Vamos.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ Through actions of tactical media, the Yes Men primarily aim to raise awareness about problematic social and political issues.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ To date, the duo have produced three films: \"The Yes Men\" (2003), \"The Yes Men Fix the World\" (2009) and \"The Yes Men Are Revolting\" (2014).", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ In these films, they impersonate entities that they dislike, a practice that they call \"identity correction\".", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ The Yes Men operate under the mission statement that lies can expose truth.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ They create and maintain fake websites similar to ones they intend to spoof, which have led to numerous interview, conference, and TV talk show invitations.", "Union (Yes album) __knowledge__ Union is the thirteenth studio album by the English rock band Yes, released on 30 April 1991 by Arista Records.", "Union (Yes album) __knowledge__ Production began in 1990 following the amalgamation of two bands featuring current and previous members of Yes at the time: Yes, consisting of Chris Squire, Trevor Rabin, Tony Kaye, and Alan White; and Anderson Bruford Wakeman Howe (ABWH), consisting of Jon Anderson, Steve Howe, Rick Wakeman, and Bill Bruford.", "Union (Yes album) __knowledge__ The album is a collection of tracks written and performed by each group separately.", "Union (Yes album) __knowledge__ Recording was met with differences from the beginning, including the merger of the two groups, internal relations, and the decision by producer Jonathan Elias to have session musicians play parts already put down by Wakeman and Howe.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Yes and no, or word pairs with a similar usage , are expressions of the affirmative and the negative, respectively, in several languages including English.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages make distinction between answers to affirmative versus negative questions, thus may have triplet or quadruplets of words instead.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ English originally used a four-form system up to and including Early Middle English but Modern English has reduced this to a two-form system consisting of just 'yes' and 'no'.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ It exists in eye blink communication, Morse Code, sign language, and maybe in color coded flag communication.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages do not answer yes–no questions with single words meaning 'yes' or 'no'.", "YES Network __knowledge__ The Yankees Entertainment and Sports Network (YES) is an American cable and satellite television regional sports network that is owned by 21st Century Fox (which owns a controlling 80% interest and serves as managing partner) and Yankee Global Enterprises (which owns the remaining 20%).", "YES Network __knowledge__ Primarily serving New York City, New York and the surrounding metropolitan area, it broadcasts a variety of sports events, as well as magazine, documentary and discussion programs; however, its main emphasis is focused on games and team-related programs involving the New York Yankees of Major League Baseball (owned by minority partner Yankee Global), the NBA's Brooklyn Nets and New York City FC of Major League Soccer.", "Winmark __knowledge__ Winmark Corporation is an American franchisor of five retail businesses that specialize in buying and selling used goods.", "Winmark __knowledge__ The company is based in Minneapolis, Minnesota.", "Winmark __knowledge__ Winmark was founded in 1988 as Play It Again Sports Franchise Corporation by Ron Olson and Jeffrey Dahlberg after they purchased the Play It Again Sports franchise rights from Martha Morris.", "Winmark __knowledge__ They renamed the company to Grow Biz International Inc. in June 1993.", "Winmark __knowledge__ Grow Biz went public in August 1993.", "Winmark __knowledge__ In 2000, John Morgan replaced Dahlberg as CEO and renamed the company to Winmark in 2001.", "Winmark __knowledge__ Morgan rescued Winmark from the verge of bankruptcy by selling financially failing franchise concepts and stores and replacing the management team.", "Used good __knowledge__ A secondhand or used good is one that is being purchased by or otherwise transferred to a second or later end user.", "Used good __knowledge__ A \"used\" good can also simply mean it is no longer in the same condition as it was when transferred to the current owner.", "Used good __knowledge__ When \"used\" means an item has expended its purpose (such as a used diaper), it is typically called garbage, instead.", "Used good __knowledge__ Used goods may be transferred informally between friends and family for free as hand-me-downs, or they may be sold for a fraction of their original price at garage sales or in church bazaar fundraisers.", "Used good __knowledge__ Governments require some used goods to be sold through regulated markets, as in the case of items which have safety and legal issues, such as used firearms or cars; for these items, government licensing bodies require certification and registration of the sale, to prevent the sale of stolen, unregistered, or unsafe goods.", "FairTax __knowledge__ The FairTax is a proposal to reform the federal tax code of the United States.", "FairTax __knowledge__ It would replace all federal income taxes (including the alternative minimum tax, corporate income taxes, and capital gains taxes), payroll taxes (including Social Security and Medicare taxes), gift taxes, and estate taxes with a single broad national consumption tax on retail sales.", "FairTax __knowledge__ The \"Fair Tax Act\" (/) would apply a tax, once, at the point of purchase on all new goods and services for personal consumption.", "FairTax __knowledge__ The proposal also calls for a monthly payment to all family households of lawful U.S. residents as an advance rebate, or \"prebate\", of tax on purchases up to the poverty level.", "Fence (criminal) __knowledge__ A fence, also known as a receiver, mover/moving man or thiefspawn, is an individual who knowingly buys stolen goods in order to later resell them for profit.", "Fence (criminal) __knowledge__ The fence acts as a middleman between thieves and the eventual buyers of stolen goods who may not be aware that the goods are stolen.", "Fence (criminal) __knowledge__ As a verb, the word describes the behaviour of the thief in the transaction: \"The burglar fenced the stolen radio\".", "Fence (criminal) __knowledge__ This sense of the term came from thieves' slang, first attested c. 1700, from the notion of such transactions providing a \"defence\" against being caught.", "Fence (criminal) __knowledge__ The fence is able to make a profit with stolen merchandise because he/she is able to secretly pay thieves a very low price for \"hot\" goods that cannot be easily sold on the open markets.", "Alternative purchase network __knowledge__ An alternative purchase network (APN) is a contemporary commerce channel established as an alternative to perceived consumerism, and the cultural and economic hegemony of the global market.", "Alternative purchase network __knowledge__ Alternative purchase networks aim to promote ethical shopping behaviour, which has an environmentally-friendly approach and considers local realities.", "Alternative purchase network __knowledge__ Indeed, undertaking an economic action in favour of local environment is \"“one of the aspirations of alternative and critical consumer practices”\".", "Alternative purchase network __knowledge__ Furthermore, \"“a global humanitarian consumer-citizenship may require a further economic disentanglement, as it commands growth rates and volumes for green and ethical products which are at odds with small-scale local production”\".", "Tianguis __knowledge__ A tianguis is an open-air market or bazaar that is traditionally held on certain market days in a town or city neighborhood in Mexico and Central America.", "Tianguis __knowledge__ This bazaar tradition has its roots well into the pre-Hispanic period and continues in many cases essentially unchanged into the present day.", "Tianguis __knowledge__ The word \"tianguis\" comes from \"tianquiztli\" in Nahuatl, the language of the Aztec Empire.", "Tianguis __knowledge__ In rural areas, many traditional types of merchandise are still sold, such as agriculture supplies and products as well as modern, mass-produced goods.", "Tianguis __knowledge__ In the cities, mass-produced goods are mostly sold, but the organization of \"tianguis\" events is mostly the same.", "Predicted effects of the FairTax __knowledge__ The Fair Tax Act (/) is a bill in the United States Congress for changing tax laws to replace the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) and all federal income taxes (including Alternative Minimum Tax), payroll taxes (including Social Security and Medicare taxes), corporate taxes, capital gains taxes, gift taxes, and estate taxes with a national retail sales tax, to be levied once at the point of purchase on all new goods and services.", "Predicted effects of the FairTax __knowledge__ The proposal also calls for a monthly payment to households of citizens and legal resident aliens (based on family size) as an advance rebate of tax on purchases up to the poverty level." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Charity shop __knowledge__ A charity shop or thrift shop is a retail establishment run by a charitable organization to raise money.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ Charity shops are a type of social enterprise.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ They sell mainly used goods such as clothing, books, music albums, home videos, and furniture donated by members of the public, and are often staffed by volunteers.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ Because the items for sale were obtained for free, and business costs are low, the items can be sold at competitive prices.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ After costs are paid, all remaining income from the sales is used in accord with the organization's stated charitable purpose.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ Costs include purchase and/or depreciation of fixtures (clothing racks, bookshelves, counters, etc.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ ), operating costs (maintenance, municipal service fees, electricity, heat, telephone, limited advertising) and the building lease or mortgage.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ Charity shops may also be referred to as thrift stores (in the United States and Canada), hospice shops, resale shops (a term that in the U.S. also covers consignment shops), and opportunity (or op) shops (in Australia and New Zealand).", "Charity shop __knowledge__ One of the earliest charity shops was set up by the Wolverhampton Society for the Blind (now called the Beacon Centre for the Blind) in 1899 to sell goods made by blind people to raise money for the Society.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ South African labour law regulates the relationship between employers, employees and trade unions in the Republic of South Africa.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ The Native Labour Regulations Act 1911 prohibited strikes by trade unions, introduced wage ceilings and a pass system for moving around jobs.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Over 70,000 Chinese labourers were brought in, and used by landowners to undercut the wages of other workers.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Among white workers, there was significant unrest, and major strikes took place in 1907, 1913, 1914 and 1922 For a period of sixteen years, from 1979 to 1995, several critical developments occurred in the field of labour law in South Africa, beginning with a radical change in the first of these years, when a significant Commission of Enquiry was held, resulting in the establishment of an Industrial Court, which was given extensive powers to mould, change, shape and develop the law.", "Concealed carry in the United States __knowledge__ Concealed carry or carrying a concealed weapon (CCW), is the practice of carrying a weapon (such as a handgun) in public in a concealed manner, either on one's person or in close proximity.", "Concealed carry in the United States __knowledge__ Not all weapons that fall under CCW laws are lethal.", "Concealed carry in the United States __knowledge__ For example, in Florida, carrying pepper spray in more than a specified volume (2 oz.)", "Concealed carry in the United States __knowledge__ of chemical requires a CCW permit, whereas anyone may legally carry a smaller, “self-defense chemical spray” device hidden on their person without a CCW permit.", "Concealed carry in the United States __knowledge__ As of 2017 there have been 16.3 million concealed weapon permits issued in the United States.", "Concealed carry in the United States __knowledge__ There is no federal statutory law concerning the issuance of concealed-carry permits.", "Civil procedure in South Africa __knowledge__ Civil procedure in South Africa is the formal rules and standards that courts follow in that country when adjudicating civil suits (as opposed to procedures in criminal law matters).", "Civil procedure in South Africa __knowledge__ The legal realm is divided broadly into substantive and procedural law.", "Civil procedure in South Africa __knowledge__ Substantive law is that law which defines the contents of rights and obligations between legal subjects; procedural law regulates how those rights and obligations are enforced.", "Civil procedure in South Africa __knowledge__ These rules govern how a lawsuit or case may be commenced, and what kind of service of process is required, along with the types of pleadings or statements of case, motions or applications, and orders allowed in civil cases, the timing and manner of depositions and discovery or disclosure, the conduct of trials, the process for judgment, various available remedies, and how the courts and clerks are to function.", "Unemployment benefits __knowledge__ Unemployment benefits (depending on the jurisdiction also called unemployment insurance or unemployment compensation) are payments made by the state or other authorized bodies to unemployed people.", "Unemployment benefits __knowledge__ In the United States, benefits are funded by a compulsory governmental insurance system, not taxes on individual citizens.", "Unemployment benefits __knowledge__ Depending on the jurisdiction and the status of the person, those sums may be small, covering only basic needs, or may compensate the lost time proportionally to the previous earned salary.", "Unemployment benefits __knowledge__ Unemployment benefits are generally given only to those registering as unemployed, and often on conditions ensuring that they seek work and do not currently have a job, and are validated as being laid off and not fired for cause in most states.", "Free Enterprise Fund v. Public Company Accounting Oversight Board __knowledge__ Free Enterprise Fund v. Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, 561 U. S. 477 (2010), was a case decided by the United States Supreme Court on June 28, 2010.", "Free Enterprise Fund v. Public Company Accounting Oversight Board __knowledge__ The court held, on a 5-4 vote, that the method through which members of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, which supervises compliance with the Sarbanes–Oxley Act, are removed violates the United States Constitution's separation of powers.", "Free Enterprise Fund v. Public Company Accounting Oversight Board __knowledge__ Under the Sarbanes–Oxley Act, officers of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) enjoyed dual layers of \"for cause\" protection against presidential removal.", "Free Enterprise Fund v. Public Company Accounting Oversight Board __knowledge__ PCAOB officers could be removed only \"for good cause shown\" by officers of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).", "Cremation __knowledge__ Cremation is the combustion, vaporization and oxidation of cadavers to basic chemical compounds, such as gases, ashes and mineral fragments retaining the appearance of dry bone.", "Cremation __knowledge__ Cremation may serve as a funeral or post-funeral rite as an alternative to the interment of an intact dead body in a coffin, casket or shroud.", "Cremation __knowledge__ Cremated remains (aka \"cremains\" or simply, \"ashes\"), which do not constitute a health risk, may be buried or interred in memorial sites or cemeteries, or they may be retained by relatives and dispersed in various ways.", "Cremation __knowledge__ Cremation is an alternative in place of burial or other forms of disposal in funeral practices.", "Physical attractiveness __knowledge__ Physical attractiveness is the degree to which a person's physical features are considered aesthetically pleasing or beautiful.", "Physical attractiveness __knowledge__ The term often implies sexual attractiveness or desirability, but can also be distinct from either.", "Physical attractiveness __knowledge__ There are many factors which influence one person's attraction to another, with physical aspects being one of them.", "Physical attractiveness __knowledge__ Physical attraction itself includes universal perceptions common to all human cultures, as well as aspects that are culturally and socially dependent, along with individual subjective preferences.", "Physical attractiveness __knowledge__ In many cases, humans subconsciously attribute positive characteristics, such as intelligence and honesty, to physically attractive people.", "Edinburgh University Settlement __knowledge__ The Edinburgh University Settlement (EUS) was a multi-purpose voluntary organisation established by University of Edinburgh in 1905.", "Edinburgh University Settlement __knowledge__ The Edinburgh University Settlement was part of a larger settlement movement which began in Britain with the founding of Toynbee Hall in London in 1886.", "Edinburgh University Settlement __knowledge__ EUS was liquidated in 2011 following bankruptcy.", "Edinburgh University Settlement __knowledge__ The main founder of the Edinburgh settlement was a history professor called Sir Richard Lodge in proposing the foundation of the Settlement Professor Lodge acknowledged that while Edinburgh was a fair city it had some 'foul spots' in it.", "Edinburgh University Settlement __knowledge__ The first location suggested for the settlement would be in the district that lay between the Cowgate and the Cannongate in Edinburgh's old town.", "Casa Mesita __knowledge__ Casa Mesita refers to two separate non-profit organizations in Los Alamos, New Mexico.", "Casa Mesita __knowledge__ Casa Mesita Thrift Shop and Casa Mesita Group Home are two of many social enterprise organizations in Los Alamos County, one of the highest-income counties in the United States, in a state with household income far below the national median.", "Casa Mesita __knowledge__ Casa Mesita Thrift Shop (NMSCC 0833772, Casa Mesita Thrift Shop Inc.) is a non-profit organization that operates a thrift shop for the purpose of supporting a group home for girls.", "Casa Mesita __knowledge__ The thrift shop sells donated, mostly used goods.", "Casa Mesita __knowledge__ The organization is 100% volunteer run; it has no employees and pays no salaries and no wages.", "Thrift Shop __knowledge__ \"Thrift Shop\" is a song by American hip hop duo Macklemore & Ryan Lewis.", "Thrift Shop __knowledge__ It was released on August 27, 2012 as Macklemore's eighth career single and the fourth single from their debut studio album, \"The Heist\" (2012).", "Thrift Shop __knowledge__ It features vocals by Wanz.", "Thrift Shop __knowledge__ The song was composed to show Macklemore's esteem for thrift shops and saving money, rather than flaunting expensive items like many rappers.", "Thrift Shop __knowledge__ Many music reviewers praised the song for its humorous lyrics and social critique.", "Thrift Shop __knowledge__ Despite being released on Macklemore's independent label with distribution by the Alternative Distribution Alliance (ADA), a Warner Music Group company, the single was a sleeper hit.", "Charitable organization __knowledge__ A charitable organization or a charity is a non-profit organization (NPO) whose primary objectives are philanthropy and social well-being (e.g.", "Charitable organization __knowledge__ charitable, educational, religious, or other activities serving the public interest or common good).", "Charitable organization __knowledge__ The legal definition of a charitable organisation (and of charity) varies between countries and in some instances regions of the country.", "Charitable organization __knowledge__ The regulation, the tax treatment, and the way in which charity law affects charitable organizations also vary.", "Charitable organization __knowledge__ Financial figures (e.g.", "Charitable organization __knowledge__ tax refund, revenue from fundraising, revenue from sale of goods and services or revenue from investment) are important indicators to assess the financial sustainability of a charity, especially to charity evaluators.", "Anderson Street station __knowledge__ Anderson Street is a New Jersey Transit rail station on the Pascack Valley Line.", "Anderson Street station __knowledge__ The station is one of two rail stations in Hackensack (the other being Essex Street) and located at Anderson Street near Linden Street.", "Anderson Street station __knowledge__ All normal scheduled trains service this station seven days a week except for the Metro-North Railroad Express trains to Spring Valley, New York.", "Anderson Street station __knowledge__ The station house was built in 1869 (and opened on September 9, 1869) by the Hackensack and New York Railroad on a track extension from Passaic Street in Hackensack.", "Anderson Street station __knowledge__ The station was turned over to the Erie Railroad in 1896 and New Jersey Transit in 1983.", "Macklemore & Ryan Lewis __knowledge__ Macklemore & Ryan Lewis is an American hip hop duo, formed in 2008, from Seattle, Washington.", "Macklemore & Ryan Lewis __knowledge__ The duo is composed of Ben Haggerty, a rapper who goes by the stage name of Macklemore, and Ryan Lewis, a record producer, DJ, and professional photographer, who met the former at a photo shoot and they have significantly collaborated ever since.", "Macklemore & Ryan Lewis __knowledge__ In 2009, they released their first collaborative effort, an EP titled \"VS. EP\".", "Macklemore & Ryan Lewis __knowledge__ They later followed up with \"VS. Redux\" (2010), the Grammy Award-winning album \"The Heist\" (2012) and \"This Unruly Mess I've Made\" (2016).", "Macklemore & Ryan Lewis __knowledge__ Macklemore and Lewis' single \"Thrift Shop\" reached number one on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 in 2013." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Charity shop __knowledge__ A charity shop or thrift shop is a retail establishment run by a charitable organization to raise money.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ Charity shops are a type of social enterprise.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ They sell mainly used goods such as clothing, books, music albums, home videos, and furniture donated by members of the public, and are often staffed by volunteers.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ Because the items for sale were obtained for free, and business costs are low, the items can be sold at competitive prices.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ After costs are paid, all remaining income from the sales is used in accord with the organization's stated charitable purpose.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ Costs include purchase and/or depreciation of fixtures (clothing racks, bookshelves, counters, etc.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ ), operating costs (maintenance, municipal service fees, electricity, heat, telephone, limited advertising) and the building lease or mortgage.", "Charity shop __knowledge__ Charity shops may also be referred to as thrift stores (in the United States and Canada), hospice shops, resale shops (a term that in the U.S. also covers consignment shops), and opportunity (or op) shops (in Australia and New Zealand).", "Charity shop __knowledge__ One of the earliest charity shops was set up by the Wolverhampton Society for the Blind (now called the Beacon Centre for the Blind) in 1899 to sell goods made by blind people to raise money for the Society.", "Goodwill Industries __knowledge__ Goodwill Industries International Inc., or shortened to Goodwill, (stylized as goodwill) is an American nonprofit 501(c)(3) organization that provides job training, employment placement services, and other community-based programs for people who have barriers preventing them from otherwise obtaining a job.", "Goodwill Industries __knowledge__ In addition, Goodwill Industries may hire veterans and individuals who lack education or job experience or face employment challenges.", "Goodwill Industries __knowledge__ Goodwill is funded by a massive network of retail thrift stores which operate as nonprofits as well.", "Goodwill Industries __knowledge__ Goodwill's answer to its profit status is \"As a unique hybrid called a social enterprise, we defy traditional distinctions.", "Stolen and missing moon rocks __knowledge__ Of the 270 Apollo 11 Moon Rocks and Apollo 17 Goodwill Moon Rocks that were given to the nations of the world by the Nixon Administration, approximately 180 are unaccounted for.", "Stolen and missing moon rocks __knowledge__ Many of the Moon rocks that are accounted for have been locked away in storage for decades.", "Stolen and missing moon rocks __knowledge__ The location of the rocks has been tracked by researchers and hobbyists because of their rarity and the difficulty of obtaining more.", "Stolen and missing moon rocks __knowledge__ Moon rocks have been subjects of theft and forgery as well.", "Stolen and missing moon rocks __knowledge__ In 1998, a unique federal law enforcement undercover operation was created to identify and arrest individuals selling bogus Moon rocks.", "Stolen and missing moon rocks __knowledge__ This sting operation was known as Operation Lunar Eclipse.", "Thunnalai __knowledge__ The village of Thunnalai () is near the lagoon called Thondaman Aru.", "Thunnalai __knowledge__ It is also in close proximity to This place is settled by migrants from a town called Vallipuram near Namakkal which is near Coimbatore.", "Thunnalai __knowledge__ Naga names are found in India.", "Thunnalai __knowledge__ Nagpur, Nagar Kovil, Nagapatnam and Nagaland are examples.", "Thunnalai __knowledge__ Nair, nayakkar, naidu are remnants of Naga heritage.", "Thunnalai __knowledge__ Tamils are a linguistic name; but Nagas are more of a racially based line.", "Thunnalai __knowledge__ Nagas are now integral part of all linguistic tribes.", "Thunnalai __knowledge__ Thunnalai and Vallipuram formed the north-eastern complex of various ruling empires such as Cholas, Pandyas, Sinhalese, Thai, Javanese and Malays.", "Jasper Goodwill __knowledge__ Jasper Goodwill (November 18, 1889 – November 10, 1974) served from 1955 to 1958 as the Democratic mayor of the small city of Minden, the seat of government of Webster Parish in northwestern Louisiana.", "Jasper Goodwill __knowledge__ He is considered a transitional mayor between the longer tenures of John T. David and Frank T. Norman.", "Jasper Goodwill __knowledge__ He worked to implement health insurance and a pension plan for municipal employees.", "Jasper Goodwill __knowledge__ Goodwill's paternal grandfather, Captain Alfred Goodwill, a native of London, England and a member of the Confederate States Army, lived first in Claiborne Parish.", "Jasper Goodwill __knowledge__ After the death of his first wife, Elizabeth Ford Farley (1834-1869), Captain Goodwill moved in 1873 to Minden with his five children, including Jasper Goodwill's father, Alfred Jasper Goodwill, and Captain Goodwill's second wife, the former Ida Victoria Hill (1838-1937).", "Goodwill (accounting) __knowledge__ Goodwill in accounting is an intangible asset that arises when a buyer acquires an existing business.", "Goodwill (accounting) __knowledge__ Goodwill represents assets that are not separately identifiable.", "Goodwill (accounting) __knowledge__ Goodwill does not include identifiable assets that are capable of being separated or divided from the entity and sold, transferred, licensed, rented, or exchanged, either individually or together with a related contract, identifiable asset, or liability regardless of whether the entity intends to do so.", "Goodwill (accounting) __knowledge__ Goodwill also does not include contractual or other legal rights regardless of whether those are transferable or separable from the entity or other rights and obligations.", "Fred Goodwill __knowledge__ Fred Goodwill (born 1874) was a British missionary stationed in Bangalore, British India between 1899 and 1924, serving as the Superintendent of the Wesleyan Tamil Mission, Bangalore and Kolar Gold Fields.", "Fred Goodwill __knowledge__ He is acknowledged for working for the cause of education of native women in the Bangalore Cantonment.", "Fred Goodwill __knowledge__ The Goodwills Girls School located in Fraser Town, Bangalore Cantonment is named after him.", "Fred Goodwill __knowledge__ He was a scholar of the Tamil Language, and was also fluent in Canarese (Kannada) and Telagu (Telugu).", "Fred Goodwill __knowledge__ Fred is acknowledged as an authority on Tamil Shaiva Literature, with authors quoting from his research.", "MCC tour of Australia in 1946–47 __knowledge__ The Marylebone Cricket Club tour of Australia in 1946-47 under the captaincy of Wally Hammond was its ninth since it took official control of overseas tours in 1903-1904 and the first since the Second World War.", "MCC tour of Australia in 1946–47 __knowledge__ The touring team played as England in the 1946–47 Ashes series against Australia, but as the MCC in all other games.", "MCC tour of Australia in 1946–47 __knowledge__ In all there were 25 matches; 5 Test matches (which they lost 3-0), 13 other First Class matches (which they won 1-0) and 7 minor matches (which they won 3-0).", "MCC tour of Australia in 1946–47 __knowledge__ Australia had been suffering a drought since 1937, but this ended as it rained in every match the MCC played on tour, including tropical thunderstorms twice in Brisbane and again in Sydney.", "Charitable trusts in English law __knowledge__ Charitable trusts in English law are a form of express trust dedicated to charitable goals.", "Charitable trusts in English law __knowledge__ There are a variety of advantages to charitable trust status, including exception from most forms of tax and freedom for the trustees not found in other types of English trust.", "Charitable trusts in English law __knowledge__ To be a valid charitable trust, the organisation must demonstrate both a charitable purpose and a public benefit.", "Charitable trusts in English law __knowledge__ Applicable charitable purposes are normally divided into categories for public benefit including the relief of poverty, the promotion of education, the advancement of health and saving of lives, promotion of religion and all other types of trust recognised by the law.", "English trust law __knowledge__ English trust law concerns the creation and protection of asset funds, which are usually held by one party for another's benefit.", "English trust law __knowledge__ Trusts were a creation of the English law of property and obligations, but also share a history with countries across the Commonwealth and the United States.", "English trust law __knowledge__ Trusts developed when claimants in property disputes were dissatisfied with the common law courts and petitioned the King for a just and equitable result.", "English trust law __knowledge__ On the King's behalf, the Lord Chancellor developed a parallel justice system in the Court of Chancery.", "English trust law __knowledge__ Historically, trusts were mostly used where people left money in a will, created family settlements, created charities, or some types of business venture.", "Purpose trust __knowledge__ A purpose trust is a type of trust which has no beneficiaries, but instead exists for advancing some non-charitable purpose of some kind.", "Purpose trust __knowledge__ In most jurisdictions, such trusts are not enforceable outside of certain limited and anomalous exceptions, but some countries have enacted legislation specifically to promote the use of non-charitable purpose trusts.", "Purpose trust __knowledge__ Trusts for charitable purposes are also technically purpose trusts, but they are usually referred to simply as charitable trusts.", "Purpose trust __knowledge__ People referring to purpose trusts are usually taken to be referring to non-charitable purpose trusts.", "Purpose trust __knowledge__ Trusts which fail the test of charitable status usually fail as non-charitable purpose trusts, although there are certain historical exceptions to this, and some countries have modified the law in this regard by statute.", "Khoo Jeffrey and others v Life Bible-Presbyterian Church and others __knowledge__ FEBC v. Life Bible-Presbyterian Church and others is a landmark case decided in 2011 by the Court of Appeal of Singapore.", "Khoo Jeffrey and others v Life Bible-Presbyterian Church and others __knowledge__ It is the first case in Singapore which the apex court considered the issue of a breach of a charitable purpose trusts when a religious charity is alleged to have deviated from the fundamental principles upon which it was founded.", "Khoo Jeffrey and others v Life Bible-Presbyterian Church and others __knowledge__ In 2008, as a result of a dispute between Life Bible-Presbyterian Church and Far Eastern Bible College (FEBC) over the doctrine of verbal plenary preservation (VPP), the church sued the college directors, including the church’s founding pastor Timothy Tow, over allegedly “deviant Bible teachings” in an attempt to force FEBC to leave the Gilstead Road premises (the “Premises”).", "United States trust law __knowledge__ United States trust law is the body of law regulating the legal instrument for holding wealth known as a trust.", "United States trust law __knowledge__ Most law regulating the creation and administration of trusts in the United States is now statutory at the state level.", "United States trust law __knowledge__ In August 2004, the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws created the first attempt to codify generally accepted common law principles in Anglo-American law regarding trusts into a uniform statutory code for the fifty states, called the Uniform Trust Code (UTC).", "United States trust law __knowledge__ As of July 2012, 25 states have adopted some substantive form of the UTC with three others having introduced it into the legislature for adoption.", "Charitable organization __knowledge__ A charitable organization or a charity is a non-profit organization (NPO) whose primary objectives are philanthropy and social well-being (e.g.", "Charitable organization __knowledge__ charitable, educational, religious, or other activities serving the public interest or common good).", "Charitable organization __knowledge__ The legal definition of a charitable organisation (and of charity) varies between countries and in some instances regions of the country.", "Charitable organization __knowledge__ The regulation, the tax treatment, and the way in which charity law affects charitable organizations also vary.", "Charitable organization __knowledge__ Financial figures (e.g.", "Charitable organization __knowledge__ tax refund, revenue from fundraising, revenue from sale of goods and services or revenue from investment) are important indicators to assess the financial sustainability of a charity, especially to charity evaluators." ] ]

[ 4, 3, 1, 5, 12 ]

[ "I do too! I enjoy the low costs but also how some items can be sold at competitive prices.", "They mainly sell used goods but most of the time you can find them in good condition.", "A thrift shop is also know as a charity shop run by a charitable organization to raise money for a good cause. ", "All remaining income from sales are used for the stated charitable purpose after all costs are paid.", "They are funded by a massive network of retail thrift stores. They operate as nonprofits as well." ]

[ "Charity shop", "Charity shop", "Charity shop", "Charity shop", "Charity shop" ]

[ "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film)\nHave you seen he Last of the Mohicans?", "Nice. I havent seen it. Whats it about?", "Sounds action packed. Who directed it?", "Cool. What would you rate the movie out of 10?", "Oof. Thanks for the info!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ The Last of the Mohicans is a 1992 American epic historical drama, set in 1757 during the French and Indian War.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ It was directed by Michael Mann, based on James Fenimore Cooper's eponymous 1826 novel and George B. Seitz's 1936 film adaptation, owing more to the latter than the novel.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ The film stars Daniel Day-Lewis, Madeleine Stowe, and Jodhi May, with Russell Means, Wes Studi, Eric Schweig, and Steven Waddington in supporting roles.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ It was produced by Morgan Creek Pictures.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ The soundtrack features music by Trevor Jones and Randy Edelman, and the song \"I Will Find You\" by Clannad.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ The main theme of the film is taken from the tune \"The Gael\" by Scottish singer-songwriter Dougie MacLean.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ Released on September 25, 1992 in the United States, \"The Last of the Mohicans\" was met with nearly universal praise from critics and commercial success during its box-office run.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ The story takes place in 1757, during the French and Indian War in the Adirondack Mountains, in the British colony of New York.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ British Army Major Duncan Heyward arrives in Albany.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ He has been sent to serve under Colonel Edmund Munro, the commander of Fort William Henry.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ Heyward is given the task of escorting the colonel’s two daughters, Cora and Alice, to their father.", "The Last of the Mohicans __knowledge__ The Last of the Mohicans: A Narrative of 1757 (1826) is a historical novel by James Fenimore Cooper.", "The Last of the Mohicans __knowledge__ It is the second book of the \"Leatherstocking Tales\" pentalogy and the best known to contemporary audiences.", "The Last of the Mohicans __knowledge__ \"The Pathfinder\", published 14 years later in 1840, is its sequel.", "The Last of the Mohicans __knowledge__ \"The Last of the Mohicans\" is set in 1757, during the French and Indian War (the Seven Years' War), when France and Great Britain battled for control of North America.", "The Last of the Mohicans __knowledge__ During this war, both the French and the British used Native American allies, but the French were particularly dependent, as they were outnumbered in the Northeast frontier areas by the more numerous British colonists.", "Chingachgook __knowledge__ Chingachgook is a fictional character in four of James Fenimore Cooper's five Leatherstocking Tales, including \"The Last of the Mohicans\".", "Chingachgook __knowledge__ Chingachgook was a lone Mohican chief and companion of the series' hero, Natty Bumppo.", "Chingachgook __knowledge__ In \"The Deerslayer\", Chingachgook married Wah-ta-Wah, who bore him a son named Uncas, but died while she was still young.", "Chingachgook __knowledge__ Uncas, who was at his birth \"last of the Mohicans\", grew to manhood but was killed in a battle with the Huron warrior Magua.", "Chingachgook __knowledge__ Chingachgook died as an old man in the novel \"The Pioneers\", which makes him the actual \"last of the Mohicans,\" having outlived his son.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1971 series) __knowledge__ The Last of the Mohicans is a 1971 BBC serial, based on the novel of the same name by James Fenimore Cooper, directed by David Maloney.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1971 series) __knowledge__ It was shown during the Sunday tea time slot on BBC One, which for several years showed fairly faithful adaptations of classic novels aimed at a family audience.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1971 series) __knowledge__ In 1972 it was shown in America as part of the Masterpiece Theatre series.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1971 series) __knowledge__ The series consisted of eight 45-minute episodes.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1971 series) __knowledge__ It is considered by some people to be the most faithful and the best of the various film and TV adaptations of \"The Last of the Mohicans\", as well as one of the best of the BBC's Sunday adaptations.", "History of Troy, New York __knowledge__ The history of Troy, New York extends back to the Mohican Indians.", "History of Troy, New York __knowledge__ Troy is a city on the east bank of the Hudson River about north of Albany in the US State of New York.", "History of Troy, New York __knowledge__ Prior to the arrival of Europeans, the Troy area was inhabited by the \"Muh-he ka-ne-ok\", known to the Europeans as the Mohican Indian tribe.", "History of Troy, New York __knowledge__ This Algonquian-speaking people had probably lived in the area for thousands of years.", "History of Troy, New York __knowledge__ The Mohican called the general Troy area \"Paanpack\" and referred to the Hudson River as \"Muh-he-kun-ne-tuk\", or \"where the waters were never still\".", "History of Troy, New York __knowledge__ It's not surprising that the area would be populated by hunter-gatherers: the land was arable, the forests were filled with game, and the river was known for being well populated with fish; one Dutch settler described the Hudson as \"\"seer visryck\"\", which is Dutch for \"very fish rich\".", "Hawkeye and the Last of the Mohicans __knowledge__ The Last of the Mohicans, later retitled Hawkeye and the Last of the Mohicans is a 1957 historical period drama television series made for syndication by ITC Entertainment and Normandie Productions.", "Hawkeye and the Last of the Mohicans __knowledge__ It ran for one season of 39 half-hour monochrome episodes.", "Hawkeye and the Last of the Mohicans __knowledge__ The series is available on DVD and some episodes on VHS.", "Hawkeye and the Last of the Mohicans __knowledge__ The series has been erroneously considered within the \"Western\" genre, because it features Native Americans, but it takes place in Colonial period New York; thus far to the east and over a century before the Old West.", "Hawkeye and the Last of the Mohicans __knowledge__ Loosely based on the 1826 novel \"The Last of the Mohicans\" by James Fenimore Cooper, the series was released under several different names, including Hawkeye and The Last of the Mohicans.", "Natty Bumppo __knowledge__ Nathaniel \"Natty\" Bumppo is the protagonist of James Fenimore Cooper's pentalogy of novels known as the \"Leatherstocking Tales\".", "Natty Bumppo __knowledge__ Natty Bumppo, the child of white parents, grew up among Delaware Indians and was educated by Moravian Christians.", "Natty Bumppo __knowledge__ In adulthood, he is a near-fearless warrior skilled in many weapons, chiefly the long rifle.", "Natty Bumppo __knowledge__ He is most often shown alongside his Mohican foster brother Chingachgook.", "Natty Bumppo __knowledge__ Bumppo is featured in a series of novels by James Fenimore Cooper collectively called the \"Leatherstocking Tales\".", "Natty Bumppo __knowledge__ The novels in the collection are as follows: The tales recount significant events in Natty Bumppo's life from 1740 to 1806." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ The Last of the Mohicans is a 1992 American epic historical drama, set in 1757 during the French and Indian War.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ It was directed by Michael Mann, based on James Fenimore Cooper's eponymous 1826 novel and George B. Seitz's 1936 film adaptation, owing more to the latter than the novel.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ The film stars Daniel Day-Lewis, Madeleine Stowe, and Jodhi May, with Russell Means, Wes Studi, Eric Schweig, and Steven Waddington in supporting roles.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ It was produced by Morgan Creek Pictures.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ The soundtrack features music by Trevor Jones and Randy Edelman, and the song \"I Will Find You\" by Clannad.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ The main theme of the film is taken from the tune \"The Gael\" by Scottish singer-songwriter Dougie MacLean.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ Released on September 25, 1992 in the United States, \"The Last of the Mohicans\" was met with nearly universal praise from critics and commercial success during its box-office run.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ The story takes place in 1757, during the French and Indian War in the Adirondack Mountains, in the British colony of New York.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ British Army Major Duncan Heyward arrives in Albany.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ He has been sent to serve under Colonel Edmund Munro, the commander of Fort William Henry.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ Heyward is given the task of escorting the colonel’s two daughters, Cora and Alice, to their father.", "Karnataka Quiz Association __knowledge__ The Karnataka Quiz Association (or KQA) was founded in 1983 by the late Wing Commander G.R.Mulky, Deepak Murdeshwar, Rajeev Gowda, Thomas Uthup, K.N.Mahabala, Thribhuvan Kumar, P.Raju and Jagadish Raja is a non-profit association devoted to popularizing the mindsport among students and the general public in Bangalore and beyond.", "Karnataka Quiz Association __knowledge__ Contests are held regularly in the following categories: Middle School, High School, Junior College, College, and Open-to-all.", "Karnataka Quiz Association __knowledge__ In addition, specialist quizzes in the areas of Literature, Entertainment, Music, Art, Comics and Business are held every year.", "Karnataka Quiz Association __knowledge__ The KQA holds events in English and Kannada.", "WHATS'On (Software) __knowledge__ WHATS'On is a professional scheduling software package for broadcasting companies, created by the Belgian company MediaGeniX.", "WHATS'On (Software) __knowledge__ Since 2013 Dirk Debraekeleer is the CEO of this company.", "WHATS'On (Software) __knowledge__ The software was first created for the Vlaamse Televisie Maatschappij in 1992 as a scheduling system for linear TV.", "WHATS'On (Software) __knowledge__ In 1999 the system was extended to include radio scheduling.", "WHATS'On (Software) __knowledge__ Version 20 of the package includes video on demand, video streaming, podcasting and theme channel support.", "WHATS'On (Software) __knowledge__ WHATS'On includes support for revenue share licence agreements and it introduces the first fully embedded workflow engine that will further optimize the data flow between Digital asset managementsystems, play-out suites and finance systems.", "Tropical Asia __knowledge__ Through a crop-based biodiversity, natural resources and animals (birds, fruits, and forests), Tropical Asia is economically and physiogeographically rich.", "Tropical Asia __knowledge__ There are 16 countries of Tropical Asia ranging in size from around 610 km² (Singapore) to 3,000,000 km² (India).", "Tropical Asia __knowledge__ Its population, is dominantly rural—however, in 1995, a census showed that a region with 6 out of 25 of the large cities.", "Tropical Asia __knowledge__ The population is 1.6 billion, likely to reach 2.4 billion in 2025.", "Tropical Asia __knowledge__ Climate in Tropical Asia is subject to seasonal weather patterns with the two monsoons and the amount of tropical cyclones in the three core areas of cyclogenesis (the Bay of Bengal, north Pacific Ocean and South China Sea).", "Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act __knowledge__ The Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act (CPSIA) of 2008 is a United States law signed on August 14, 2008 by President George W. Bush.", "Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act __knowledge__ The legislative bill was known as HR 4040, sponsored by Congressman Bobby Rush (D-Ill.).", "Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act __knowledge__ On December 19, 2007, the U.S. House approved the bill 407-0.", "Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act __knowledge__ On March 6, 2008, the U.S. Senate approved the bill 79-13.", "Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act __knowledge__ The law—public law 110-314—increases the budget of the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC), imposes new testing and documentation requirements, and sets new acceptable levels of several substances.", "Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act __knowledge__ It imposes new requirements on manufacturers of apparel, shoes, personal care products, accessories and jewelry, home furnishings, bedding, toys, electronics and video games, books, school supplies, educational materials and science kits.", "Nice __knowledge__ Nice (, ; Niçard , classical norm, or \"\", nonstandard, ; ; ; ) is the fifth most populous city in France and the capital of the Alpes-Maritimes \"département\".", "Nice __knowledge__ The urban area of Nice extends beyond the administrative city limits, with a population of about 1 million on an area of .", "Nice __knowledge__ Located in the French Riviera, on the south east coast of France on the Mediterranean Sea, at the foot of the Alps, Nice is the second-largest French city on the Mediterranean coast and the second-largest city in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region after Marseille.", "Nice __knowledge__ Nice is about 13 kilometres (8 miles) from the principality of Monaco, and its airport is a gateway to the principality as well.", "Have a nice day __knowledge__ Have a nice day is a commonly spoken expression used to conclude a conversation (whether brief or extensive), or end a message by hoping the person to whom it is addressed experiences a pleasant day.", "Have a nice day __knowledge__ Since it is often uttered by service employees to customers at the end of a transaction, particularly in Israel and the United States, its repetitious and dutiful usage has resulted in the phrase developing, according to some journalists and scholars, especially outside of these two countries, a cultural connotation of impersonality, lack of interest, passive–aggressive behavior, or sarcasm.", "Have a nice day __knowledge__ The phrase is generally not used in Europe, as some find it artificial or even offensive.", "Katherine Kingsley __knowledge__ Katherine Kingsley (born 24 December 1981) is an English actress.", "Katherine Kingsley __knowledge__ Born and raised in Cambridge and schooled at Parkside Community College and Long Road Sixth Form College, Kingsley moved to London to study with the English National Opera's \"The Knack\", before studying acting at the Bristol Old Vic Theatre School Kingsley is a three time Olivier Award Nominee.", "Katherine Kingsley __knowledge__ She has performed in iconic venues such as the Donmar Warehouse and the Menier Chocolate Factory, as well as the Chichester Theatre and many other West End venues.", "Katherine Kingsley __knowledge__ She has received critical praise for her turn as Marlene Dietrich in the Donmar production of \"Piaf\", which led to an Olivier nomination in 2009.", "James Fenimore Cooper __knowledge__ James Fenimore Cooper (September 15, 1789 – September 14, 1851) was a prolific and popular American writer of the first half of the 19th century.", "James Fenimore Cooper __knowledge__ His historical romances of frontier and Native American life in the early American days created a unique form of American literature.", "James Fenimore Cooper __knowledge__ He lived most of his life in Cooperstown, New York, which was founded by his father William on property that he owned.", "James Fenimore Cooper __knowledge__ Cooper was a lifelong member of the Episcopal Church and, in his later years, contributed generously to it.", "James Fenimore Cooper __knowledge__ He attended Yale University for three years, where he was a member of the Linonian Society, but was expelled for misbehavior.", "The Last of the Mohicans __knowledge__ The Last of the Mohicans: A Narrative of 1757 (1826) is a historical novel by James Fenimore Cooper.", "The Last of the Mohicans __knowledge__ It is the second book of the \"Leatherstocking Tales\" pentalogy and the best known to contemporary audiences.", "The Last of the Mohicans __knowledge__ \"The Pathfinder\", published 14 years later in 1840, is its sequel.", "The Last of the Mohicans __knowledge__ \"The Last of the Mohicans\" is set in 1757, during the French and Indian War (the Seven Years' War), when France and Great Britain battled for control of North America.", "The Last of the Mohicans __knowledge__ During this war, both the French and the British used Native American allies, but the French were particularly dependent, as they were outnumbered in the Northeast frontier areas by the more numerous British colonists.", "Chingachgook __knowledge__ Chingachgook is a fictional character in four of James Fenimore Cooper's five Leatherstocking Tales, including \"The Last of the Mohicans\".", "Chingachgook __knowledge__ Chingachgook was a lone Mohican chief and companion of the series' hero, Natty Bumppo.", "Chingachgook __knowledge__ In \"The Deerslayer\", Chingachgook married Wah-ta-Wah, who bore him a son named Uncas, but died while she was still young.", "Chingachgook __knowledge__ Uncas, who was at his birth \"last of the Mohicans\", grew to manhood but was killed in a battle with the Huron warrior Magua.", "Chingachgook __knowledge__ Chingachgook died as an old man in the novel \"The Pioneers\", which makes him the actual \"last of the Mohicans,\" having outlived his son.", "The Deerslayer __knowledge__ The Deerslayer, or The First War-path (1841) was the last of James Fenimore Cooper's \"Leatherstocking Tales\" to be written.", "The Deerslayer __knowledge__ Its 1740-1745 time period makes it the first installment chronologically and in the lifetime of the hero of the Leatherstocking tales, Natty Bumppo.", "The Deerslayer __knowledge__ The novel's setting on Otsego Lake in central, upstate New York, is the same as that of \"The Pioneers\", the first of the \"Leatherstocking Tales\" to be published (1823).", "The Deerslayer __knowledge__ \"The Deerslayer\" is considered to be the prequel to the rest of the series.", "The Deerslayer __knowledge__ Fenimore Cooper begins his work by relating the astonishing advance of civilization in New York State, which is the setting of four of his five \"Leatherstocking Tales\".", "Nautical fiction __knowledge__ Nautical fiction, frequently also naval fiction, sea fiction, naval adventure fiction or maritime fiction, is a genre of literature with a setting on or near the sea, that focuses on the human relationship to the sea and sea voyages and highlights nautical culture in these environments.", "Nautical fiction __knowledge__ The settings of nautical fiction vary greatly, including merchant ships, liners, naval ships, fishing vessels, life boats, etc., along with sea ports and fishing villages.", "Nautical fiction __knowledge__ When describing nautical fiction, scholars most frequently refer to novels, novellas, and short stories, sometimes under the name of sea novels or sea stories.", "Cooperstown, New York __knowledge__ Cooperstown is a village in and county seat of Otsego County, New York, United States.", "Cooperstown, New York __knowledge__ Most of the village lies within the town of Otsego, but some of the eastern part is in the town of Middlefield.", "Cooperstown, New York __knowledge__ It is located in the Central New York Region of New York.", "Cooperstown, New York __knowledge__ Cooperstown is best known as the home of the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum.", "Cooperstown, New York __knowledge__ The Farmers' Museum, opened in 1944 on farm land that had once belonged to James Fenimore Cooper, the Fenimore Art Museum, Glimmerglass Opera, and the New York State Historical Association are also based here.", "Cooperstown, New York __knowledge__ Most of the historic pre-1900 core of the village is included in the Cooperstown Historic District, which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980; its boundaries were increased in 1997 and more contributing properties were identified.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1936 film) __knowledge__ The Last of the Mohicans is a 1936 American adventure film based on the novel \"The Last of the Mohicans\" by James Fenimore Cooper.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1936 film) __knowledge__ It was directed by George B. Seitz and stars Randolph Scott, Binnie Barnes and Henry Wilcoxon.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1936 film) __knowledge__ During the French and Indian War, Alice (Binnie Barnes) and Cora Munro (Heather Angel), the two daughters of Colonel Munro (Hugh Buckler), commander of a British fort, set out from Albany to join their father.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1936 film) __knowledge__ They are escorted by Major Duncan Heyward (Henry Wilcoxon), who has loved Alice for a long time, and by the Huron Indian Magua (Bruce Cabot).", "The Last of the Mohicans (1936 film) __knowledge__ Magua is secretly an enemy of the British." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ The Last of the Mohicans is a 1992 American epic historical drama, set in 1757 during the French and Indian War.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ It was directed by Michael Mann, based on James Fenimore Cooper's eponymous 1826 novel and George B. Seitz's 1936 film adaptation, owing more to the latter than the novel.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ The film stars Daniel Day-Lewis, Madeleine Stowe, and Jodhi May, with Russell Means, Wes Studi, Eric Schweig, and Steven Waddington in supporting roles.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ It was produced by Morgan Creek Pictures.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ The soundtrack features music by Trevor Jones and Randy Edelman, and the song \"I Will Find You\" by Clannad.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ The main theme of the film is taken from the tune \"The Gael\" by Scottish singer-songwriter Dougie MacLean.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ Released on September 25, 1992 in the United States, \"The Last of the Mohicans\" was met with nearly universal praise from critics and commercial success during its box-office run.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ The story takes place in 1757, during the French and Indian War in the Adirondack Mountains, in the British colony of New York.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ British Army Major Duncan Heyward arrives in Albany.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ He has been sent to serve under Colonel Edmund Munro, the commander of Fort William Henry.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ Heyward is given the task of escorting the colonel’s two daughters, Cora and Alice, to their father.", "Bobs & LoLo __knowledge__ Bobs & LoLo is a Vancouver-based children's music duo consisting of Robyn Hardy (Bobs), and Lorraine Pond (LoLo).", "Bobs & LoLo __knowledge__ Originally formed in 2003, Bobs & LoLo gained initial success by performing at the Vancouver Aquarium where Pond worked as an environmental educator.", "Bobs & LoLo __knowledge__ They recorded their first album, \"Sea Notes\", in 2004, which had an marine-based theme and introduced children to ocean life.", "Bobs & LoLo __knowledge__ Their second album, \"Musical Adventures\" (2006), features songs about healthy living, conserving wildlife and going green.", "Bobs & LoLo __knowledge__ In 2007, they released \"On Your Feet - A Musical Adventures DVD\", which features 10 songs and full-length music videos from their second album, Musical Adventures.", "Donruss __knowledge__ Donruss was a manufacturer of sports cards founded in 1954 and acquired by the Panini Group in 2009.", "Donruss __knowledge__ The company started in the 1950s, producing confectionery, evolved into Donruss and started producing trading cards.", "Donruss __knowledge__ During the 1960s and 1970s Donruss produced entertainment-themed trading cards.", "Donruss __knowledge__ Its first sports theme cards were produced in 1965, when it created a series of racing cards sponsored by \"Hot Rod Magazine\".", "Donruss __knowledge__ Its next series of sports products came in 1981, when it produced baseball and golf trading cards.", "Donruss __knowledge__ It was one of three manufacturers to produce baseball cards from 1981 through 1985, along with Fleer and Topps.", "Action Packed Adventure __knowledge__ Action Packed Adventure!", "Action Packed Adventure __knowledge__ also known as \"Action Packed Adventure!", "Action Packed Adventure __knowledge__ (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack)\" is the debut concept album by the rap group Yaggfu Front.", "Action Packed Adventure __knowledge__ This album has been compared to the Pharcyde & Das EFX for its quirky and somewhat playful lyrics.", "Action Packed Adventure __knowledge__ It was critically acclaimed in the underground hip hop scene but did lukewarm commercially, selling over 200,000 copies.", "Daruleh __knowledge__ Daruleh (, also Romanized as Darūleh) is a village in Shuy Rural District, in the Central District of Baneh County, Kurdistan Province, Iran.", "Daruleh __knowledge__ At the 2006 census, its population was 65, in 14 families.", "Scopula perlimbata __knowledge__ Scopula perlimbata is a moth of the family Geometridae.", "Scopula perlimbata __knowledge__ It is found in Colombia and Peru.", "Gianni Capaldi __knowledge__ Gianni Capaldi is a Scottish film and television actor as well as a film and television producer.", "Gianni Capaldi __knowledge__ He was born in 1975 in Motherwell, Scotland to his parents, Tony and Maria.", "Gianni Capaldi __knowledge__ Capaldi grew up in the town of Hamilton and went to St Mary's Primary School Hamilton before he went 'All Posh' and left to attend Hamilton College before continuing his education at Glasgow Caledonian University.", "Gianni Capaldi __knowledge__ Before he got into acting he played youth football with Motherwell.", "Gianni Capaldi __knowledge__ He is related to Scottish entertainers Jimmy Logan and Peter Capaldi.", "Gianni Capaldi __knowledge__ Capaldi, known for his acting, has been credited with Best Actor Awards in San Diego's 2017 IndieFest Film Awards and Chicago's 2017 Amarcord Film Festival.", "I'll Get You for This (novel) __knowledge__ I'll Get You For This is a 1946 action thriller novel written by James Hadley Chase.", "I'll Get You for This (novel) __knowledge__ Chester Cain, a small-time hit man and ace gambler, tired of his old life, moves to Las Vegas to start a new life with all his lifetime savings, only to come across a set of ruthless people who try to use him and implicate him in a crime which he does not commit.", "I'll Get You for This (novel) __knowledge__ Soon the cops are after Cain,who goes on the run, along with Ms.Wonderly, a homeless wayward girl, who is also being framed like him.", "I'll Get You for This (novel) __knowledge__ Though Chase novels are usually thrillers and not always action packed, this book is tremendously action packed.", "Cherokee–American wars __knowledge__ The Cherokee–American wars, also known as the Chickamauga Wars, were a series of back-and-forth raids, campaigns, ambushes, minor skirmishes, and several full-scale frontier battles in the Old Southwest from 1776 to 1795 between the Cherokee (\"Ani-Yunwiya\" or \"Nana Waiya\", \"Tsalagi\") and the Americans on the frontier.", "Cherokee–American wars __knowledge__ Most of the events took place in the Upper South.", "Cherokee–American wars __knowledge__ While their fight stretched across the entire period, there were times, sometimes ranging over several months, of little or no action.", "Cherokee–American wars __knowledge__ The Cherokee leader Dragging Canoe (who has been recorded to have been in early Mobile Alabama), whom some historians call \"the Savage Napoleon\", and his warriors and other Cherokee fought alongside and in conjunction with Indians from a number of other tribes both in the Old Southwest and in the Old Northwest, most often Muscogee (\"Muskokulke\") in the former and the Shawnee (\"Saawanwa\") in the latter.", "French and Indian War __knowledge__ The French and Indian War (1754–63) comprised the North American theater of the worldwide Seven Years' War of 1756–63.", "French and Indian War __knowledge__ It pitted the colonies of British America against those of New France.", "French and Indian War __knowledge__ Both sides were supported by military units from their parent countries of Great Britain and France, as well as by American Indian allies.", "French and Indian War __knowledge__ At the start of the war, the French North American colonies had a population of roughly 60,000 settlers, compared with 2 million in the British North American colonies.", "French and Indian War __knowledge__ The outnumbered French particularly depended on the Indians.", "French and Indian War __knowledge__ The European nations declared war on one another in 1756 following months of localized conflict, escalating the war from a regional affair into an intercontinental conflict.", "American Indian Wars __knowledge__ The American Indian Wars, or Indian Wars is the collective name for the various armed conflicts fought by European governments and colonists, and later American governments or their settlers, against the native peoples of North America.", "American Indian Wars __knowledge__ These conflicts occurred within the current boundaries of the United States and sometimes Canada from the time of the earliest colonial settlements in the 16th century until the 1920s.", "American Indian Wars __knowledge__ The Indian Wars resulted from competition for resources and land ownership as Europeans and later Americans encroached onto territory which had been traditionally inhabited by Native Americans.", "Seven Years' War __knowledge__ The Seven Years' War was a global conflict fought between 1756 and 1763.", "Seven Years' War __knowledge__ It involved every European great power of the time and spanned five continents, affecting Europe, the Americas, West Africa, India, and the Philippines.", "Seven Years' War __knowledge__ The conflict split Europe into two coalitions, led by the Kingdom of Great Britain (including Prussia, Portugal, Hanover, and other small German states) on one side and the Kingdom of France (including the Austrian-led Holy Roman Empire, the Russian Empire, Bourbon Spain, and Sweden) on the other.", "Seven Years' War __knowledge__ Meanwhile, in India, the Mughal Empire, with the support of the French, tried to crush a British attempt to conquer Bengal.", "Military history of Canada __knowledge__ The military history of Canada comprises hundreds of years of armed actions in the territory encompassing modern Canada, and interventions by the Canadian military in conflicts and peacekeeping worldwide.", "Military history of Canada __knowledge__ For thousands of years, the area that would become Canada was the site of sporadic intertribal conflicts among Aboriginal peoples.", "Military history of Canada __knowledge__ Beginning in the 17th and 18th centuries, Canada was the site of four colonial wars and two additional wars in Nova Scotia and Acadia between New France and New England; the conflicts spanned almost seventy years, as each allied with various First Nation groups.", "Military history of Canada __knowledge__ In 1763, after the final colonial war—the Seven Years' War—the British emerged victorious and the French civilians, whom the British hoped to assimilate, were declared \"British Subjects\".", "Military history of Nova Scotia __knowledge__ Nova Scotia (also known as Mi'kma'ki and Acadia) is a Canadian province located in Canada's Maritimes.", "Military history of Nova Scotia __knowledge__ The region was initially occupied by Mi'kmaq.", "Military history of Nova Scotia __knowledge__ During the first 150 years of European settlement, the colony was primarily made up of Catholic Acadians, Maliseet and Mi'kmaq.", "Military history of Nova Scotia __knowledge__ During the latter seventy-five years of this time period, there were six colonial wars that took place in Nova Scotia (see the French and Indian Wars as well as Dummer's War and Father Le Loutre's War).", "Military history of Nova Scotia __knowledge__ After agreeing to several peace treaties, this long period of warfare ended with the Burial of the Hatchet Ceremony between the British and the Mi'kmaq (1761) and two years later when the British defeated the French in North America (1763).", "Colonial American military history __knowledge__ Colonial American military history is the military record of the Thirteen Colonies from their founding to the American Revolution in 1775.", "Colonial American military history __knowledge__ Rangers in North America served in the 17th and 18th-century wars between colonists and Native American tribes.", "Colonial American military history __knowledge__ The British regulars were not accustomed to frontier warfare and so Ranger companies were developed.", "Colonial American military history __knowledge__ Rangers were full-time soldiers employed by colonial governments to patrol between fixed frontier fortifications in reconnaissance, providing early warning of raids.", "Colonial American military history __knowledge__ In offensive operations, they were scouts and guides, locating villages and other targets for task forces drawn from the militia or other colonial troops." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ The Last of the Mohicans is a 1992 American epic historical drama, set in 1757 during the French and Indian War.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ It was directed by Michael Mann, based on James Fenimore Cooper's eponymous 1826 novel and George B. Seitz's 1936 film adaptation, owing more to the latter than the novel.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ The film stars Daniel Day-Lewis, Madeleine Stowe, and Jodhi May, with Russell Means, Wes Studi, Eric Schweig, and Steven Waddington in supporting roles.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ It was produced by Morgan Creek Pictures.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ The soundtrack features music by Trevor Jones and Randy Edelman, and the song \"I Will Find You\" by Clannad.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ The main theme of the film is taken from the tune \"The Gael\" by Scottish singer-songwriter Dougie MacLean.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ Released on September 25, 1992 in the United States, \"The Last of the Mohicans\" was met with nearly universal praise from critics and commercial success during its box-office run.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ The story takes place in 1757, during the French and Indian War in the Adirondack Mountains, in the British colony of New York.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ British Army Major Duncan Heyward arrives in Albany.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ He has been sent to serve under Colonel Edmund Munro, the commander of Fort William Henry.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ Heyward is given the task of escorting the colonel’s two daughters, Cora and Alice, to their father.", "LL Cool J __knowledge__ James Todd Smith (born January 14, 1968), better known by his stage name LL Cool J (short for Ladies Love Cool James), is an American rapper, actor, author and entrepreneur from Queens, New York.", "LL Cool J __knowledge__ He is known for such hip hop hits as \"Going Back to Cali\", \"I'm Bad\", \"The Boomin' System\", \"Rock The Bells\" and \"Mama Said Knock You Out\", as well as romantic ballads such as \"Doin' It\", \"I Need Love\", \"Around the Way Girl\" and \"Hey Lover\".", "LL Cool J __knowledge__ LL Cool J has released 13 studio albums and two greatest hits compilations.", "LL Cool J __knowledge__ His twelfth album \"Exit 13\" (2008), was his last for his long-tenured deal with Def Jam Recordings.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ Coolness is an aesthetic of attitude, behavior, comportment, appearance and style which is generally admired.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ Because of the varied and changing connotations of cool, as well as its subjective nature, the word has no single meaning.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ It has associations of composure and self-control (cf.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ the OED definition) and often is used as an expression of admiration or approval.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ Although commonly regarded as slang, it is widely used among disparate social groups and has endured in usage for generations.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ There is no single concept of cool.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ One of the essential characteristics of cool is its mutability—what is considered cool changes over time and varies among cultures and generations.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ This list of ecoregions of North America provides an overview of North American ecoregions designated by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC) in its North American Environmental Atlas.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ It should not be confused with Wikipedia articles based on the classification system developed by the World Wildlife Fund, such as List of ecoregions (WWF) and Lists of ecoregions by country.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ The commission was established in 1994 by the member states of Canada, Mexico, and the United States to address regional environmental concerns under the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (NAAEC), the environmental side accord to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).", "Reflective surfaces (climate engineering) __knowledge__ \"Reflective surfaces\" are surfaces that can deliver high solar reflectance (the ability to reflect the visible, infrared and ultraviolet wavelengths of the sun, reducing heat transfer to the surface) and high thermal emittance (the ability to radiate absorbed, or non-reflected solar energy).", "Reflective surfaces (climate engineering) __knowledge__ Reflective surfaces are a form of geoengineering.", "Reflective surfaces (climate engineering) __knowledge__ The most well-known type of reflective surface is the \"cool roof\".", "Reflective surfaces (climate engineering) __knowledge__ While cool roofs are mostly associated with white roofs, they come in a variety of colors and materials and are available for both commercial and residential buildings.", "Reflective surfaces (climate engineering) __knowledge__ Today's \"cool roof\" pigments allow metal roofing products to be EnergyStar rated in dark colors, even black.", "Air conditioning __knowledge__ Air conditioning (often referred to as AC, A/C, or air con) is the process of removing heat from the interior of an occupied space, to improve the comfort of occupants.", "Air conditioning __knowledge__ Air conditioning can be used in both domestic and commercial environments.", "Air conditioning __knowledge__ This process is most commonly used to achieve a more comfortable interior environment, typically for humans or animals; however, air conditioning is also used to cool/dehumidify rooms filled with heat-producing electronic devices, such as computer servers, power amplifiers, and even to display and store artwork.", "Air conditioning __knowledge__ Air conditioners often use a fan to distribute the conditioned air to an occupied space such as a building or a car to improve thermal comfort and indoor air quality.", "White dwarf __knowledge__ A white dwarf, also called a degenerate dwarf, is a stellar core remnant composed mostly of electron-degenerate matter.", "White dwarf __knowledge__ A white dwarf is very dense: its mass is comparable to that of the Sun, while its volume is comparable to that of Earth.", "White dwarf __knowledge__ A white dwarf's faint luminosity comes from the emission of stored thermal energy; no fusion takes place in a white dwarf wherein mass is converted to energy.", "White dwarf __knowledge__ The nearest known white dwarf is Sirius B, at 8.6 light years, the smaller component of the Sirius binary star.", "White dwarf __knowledge__ There are currently thought to be eight white dwarfs among the hundred star systems nearest the Sun.", "Ralph Bakshi __knowledge__ Ralph Bakshi (born October 29, 1938) is an American director of animated and live-action films.", "Ralph Bakshi __knowledge__ In the 1970s, he established an alternative to mainstream animation through independent and adult-oriented productions.", "Ralph Bakshi __knowledge__ Between 1972 and 2015, he directed ten theatrically released feature films, six of which he wrote.", "Ralph Bakshi __knowledge__ He has been involved in numerous television projects as director, writer, producer and animator.", "Ralph Bakshi __knowledge__ Beginning his career at the Terrytoons television cartoon studio as a cel polisher, Bakshi was eventually promoted to animator, and then director.", "Ralph Bakshi __knowledge__ He moved to the animation division of Paramount Pictures in 1967 and started his own studio, Bakshi Productions, in 1968.", "Heat (1995 film) __knowledge__ Heat is a 1995 American crime film written, co-produced and directed by Michael Mann, and starring Robert De Niro, Al Pacino, and Val Kilmer.", "Heat (1995 film) __knowledge__ De Niro plays Neil McCauley, a professional thief, while Pacino plays Lt. Vincent Hanna, a LAPD robbery-homicide detective tracking down McCauley's crew.", "Heat (1995 film) __knowledge__ The story is based on the former Chicago police officer Chuck Adamson's pursuit during the 1960s of a criminal named McCauley, after whom De Niro's character is named.", "Heat (1995 film) __knowledge__ \"Heat\" is a remake by Mann of a TV series he had worked on, the pilot of which was released as the TV movie \"L.A. Takedown\" in 1989.", "Heat (1995 film) __knowledge__ \"Heat\" was a critical and commercial success, grossing $67 million in the United States and $187 million worldwide (about $ million in 2018) against a $60 million budget.", "Public Enemies (2009 film) __knowledge__ Public Enemies is a 2009 American biographical mob drama film directed by Michael Mann and written by Mann, Ronan Bennett and Ann Biderman.", "Public Enemies (2009 film) __knowledge__ It is an adaptation of Bryan Burrough's non-fiction book \"Public Enemies: America's Greatest Crime Wave and the Birth of the FBI, 1933–34\".", "Public Enemies (2009 film) __knowledge__ Set during the Great Depression, the film chronicles the final years of the notorious bank robber John Dillinger (Johnny Depp) as he is pursued by FBI agent Melvin Purvis (Christian Bale), Dillinger's relationship with Billie Frechette (Marion Cotillard), as well as Purvis' pursuit of Dillinger's associates and fellow criminals Homer Van Meter (Stephen Dorff) and Baby Face Nelson (Stephen Graham).", "The Keep (film) __knowledge__ The Keep is a 1983 horror film directed by Michael Mann and starring Scott Glenn, Gabriel Byrne, Jürgen Prochnow, Alberta Watson and Ian McKellen.", "The Keep (film) __knowledge__ It was released by Paramount Pictures.", "The Keep (film) __knowledge__ The story is based on the F. Paul Wilson novel of the same name, published in 1981 (1982 in the United Kingdom).", "The Keep (film) __knowledge__ Within an uninhabited citadel (the “Keep” of the title) in World War II-era Romania lies entrapped a dangerous demonic entity named Radu Molasar (Michael Carter).", "The Keep (film) __knowledge__ The inner walls of the citadel contain 108 T-shaped icons, supposedly made of nickel.", "The Keep (film) __knowledge__ When the German Army under the command of Capt.", "The Keep (film) __knowledge__ Klaus Woermann (Jürgen Prochnow) occupies the castle to control the Dinu Mountain Pass following the commencement of Operation Barbarossa, Molasar is unleashed by a pair of looting soldiers who identify one glowing icon as being made of silver.", "Manhunter (film) __knowledge__ Manhunter is a 1986 American crime horror film based on the novel \"Red Dragon\" by Thomas Harris.", "Manhunter (film) __knowledge__ Written and directed by Michael Mann, it stars William Petersen as FBI profiler Will Graham.", "Manhunter (film) __knowledge__ Also featured are Tom Noonan as serial killer Francis Dollarhyde, Dennis Farina as Graham's FBI superior Jack Crawford, and Brian Cox as incarcerated killer Hannibal Lecktor.", "Manhunter (film) __knowledge__ The film focuses on Graham coming out of retirement to lend his talents to an investigation on Dollarhyde, a killer known as the \"Tooth Fairy\".", "Manhunter (film) __knowledge__ In doing so, he must confront the demons of his past and meet with Lecktor, who nearly counted Graham amongst his victims.", "Miami Vice __knowledge__ Miami Vice is an American television crime drama series created by Anthony Yerkovich and executive produced by Michael Mann for NBC.", "Miami Vice __knowledge__ The series starred Don Johnson as James \"Sonny\" Crockett and Philip Michael Thomas as Ricardo \"Rico\" Tubbs, two Metro-Dade Police Department detectives working undercover in Miami.", "Miami Vice __knowledge__ The series ran for five seasons on NBC from 1984 to 1989.", "Miami Vice __knowledge__ The USA Network began airing reruns in 1988, and broadcast an originally unaired episode during its syndication run of the series on January 25, 1990.", "Miami Vice __knowledge__ Unlike standard police procedurals, the show drew heavily upon 1980s New Wave culture and music.", "Climatic Research Unit email controversy __knowledge__ The Climatic Research Unit email controversy (also known as \"Climategate\") began in November 2009 with the hacking of a server at the Climatic Research Unit (CRU) at the University of East Anglia (UEA) by an external attacker, copying thousands of emails and computer files, the Climatic Research Unit documents, to various internet locations several weeks before the Copenhagen Summit on climate change.", "Climatic Research Unit email controversy __knowledge__ The story was first broken by climate change denialists with columnist James Delingpole popularising the term \"Climategate\" to describe the controversy.", "Climatic Research Unit email controversy __knowledge__ Several people considered climate change \"skeptics\" argued that the emails showed global warming was a scientific conspiracy, that scientists manipulated climate data and attempted to suppress critics.", "Blackhat (film) __knowledge__ Blackhat is a 2015 American action thriller mystery film co-written, co-produced and directed by Michael Mann.", "Blackhat (film) __knowledge__ The film stars Chris Hemsworth, Tang Wei, Viola Davis, Holt McCallany, and Wang Leehom.", "Blackhat (film) __knowledge__ The film premiered at the TCL Chinese Theatre in Los Angeles on January 8, 2015, and was released in theaters on January 16.", "Blackhat (film) __knowledge__ \"Blackhat\" was a box office bomb, earning only $19.7 million at the box office against a budget of $70 million.", "Blackhat (film) __knowledge__ While the movie received generally mixed-to-negative reviews, with criticisms focused on casting and pace, some critics found brilliance in the film, enough to place the film in some critics' year-end lists." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ The Last of the Mohicans is a 1992 American epic historical drama, set in 1757 during the French and Indian War.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ It was directed by Michael Mann, based on James Fenimore Cooper's eponymous 1826 novel and George B. Seitz's 1936 film adaptation, owing more to the latter than the novel.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ The film stars Daniel Day-Lewis, Madeleine Stowe, and Jodhi May, with Russell Means, Wes Studi, Eric Schweig, and Steven Waddington in supporting roles.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ It was produced by Morgan Creek Pictures.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ The soundtrack features music by Trevor Jones and Randy Edelman, and the song \"I Will Find You\" by Clannad.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ The main theme of the film is taken from the tune \"The Gael\" by Scottish singer-songwriter Dougie MacLean.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ Released on September 25, 1992 in the United States, \"The Last of the Mohicans\" was met with nearly universal praise from critics and commercial success during its box-office run.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ The story takes place in 1757, during the French and Indian War in the Adirondack Mountains, in the British colony of New York.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ British Army Major Duncan Heyward arrives in Albany.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ He has been sent to serve under Colonel Edmund Munro, the commander of Fort William Henry.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ Heyward is given the task of escorting the colonel’s two daughters, Cora and Alice, to their father.", "Nelly Makdessy __knowledge__ Nelly Makdessy () (born October 10, 1979) is a Lebanese singer, songwriter, record producer, instrumentalist and model.", "Nelly Makdessy __knowledge__ Nelly started her career in the amateurs TV program \"Kaass El Noujoum\" which was broadcast on the Lebanese channel LBC in early 1990s, she sang in the category of Folklore Music.", "Nelly Makdessy __knowledge__ Makdessy released four albums in her career and eleven singles.", "Nelly Makdessy __knowledge__ her first album ' produced two hit singles including \"Shouf El Ein\" and \"Machie Al Maghror\".", "Nelly Makdessy __knowledge__ It was her most successful album until the 2005 album \"Oof Oof\".", "Nelly Makdessy __knowledge__ In 2008, Makdessy released two hit singles, \"Ya'esh El Hob\" and \"Ya Nar Nari\".", "Nelly Makdessy __knowledge__ She is currently working on a new album to be released in 2013.", "Springer (killer whale) __knowledge__ Springer (born late 1999 or early 2000), officially named A73, is a wild orca (also known as killer whale) from the Northern Resident community of orcas which every summer frequent the waters off the northern part of Vancouver Island, British Columbia (BC).", "Springer (killer whale) __knowledge__ In 2002, Springer, then a calf developmentally equivalent to a human toddler, was discovered alone and emaciated some 250 miles from her family's (called a pod), territory.", "Springer (killer whale) __knowledge__ Experts identified Springer by her vocal calls that are specific to her pod and by examining photographs of her eye patch.", "Springer (killer whale) __knowledge__ They were also able determine where Springer's pod was currently located.", "Info-gap decision theory __knowledge__ Info-gap decision theory is a non-probabilistic decision theory that seeks to optimize robustness to failure – or opportuneness for windfall – under severe uncertainty, in particular applying sensitivity analysis of the stability radius type to perturbations in the value of a given estimate of the parameter of interest.", "Info-gap decision theory __knowledge__ It has some connections with Wald's maximin model; some authors distinguish them, others consider them instances of the same principle.", "Info-gap decision theory __knowledge__ It has been developed since the 1980s by Yakov Ben-Haim, and has found many applications and described as a theory for decision-making under \"\"severe\" uncertainty\".", "List of Dinosaur King characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that appear in \"Dinosaur King\".", "List of Dinosaur King characters __knowledge__ The English versions of the series use names differing from the Japanese versions; in this article the English names are used.", "List of Dinosaur King characters __knowledge__ The D-Team are the protagonists of the series who are very knowledgeable about dinosaurs.", "List of Dinosaur King characters __knowledge__ They prevent the Alpha Gang from succeeding in their goal by saving the dinosaurs they can find.", "List of Dinosaur King characters __knowledge__ Among its members are: The Alpha Gang are the primary yet inept antagonists of the first series who abduct any dinosaur cards they find using their own dinosaurs as their muscle.", "List of Dinosaur King characters __knowledge__ They conduct experiments on the dinosaur cards they find.", "North Sea Radio Orchestra __knowledge__ North Sea Radio Orchestra (generally abbreviated to NSRO) is an English contemporary music ensemble and cross-disciplinary chamber orchestra (plus chorus).", "North Sea Radio Orchestra __knowledge__ The NSRO was set up mainly as a vehicle for the compositions of its musical director, Craig Fortnam, but has also performed works by William D. Drake and James Larcombe.", "North Sea Radio Orchestra __knowledge__ The ensemble is notable for its post-modern fusion of Romantic music and later twentieth century forms, and for its bridging of the worlds of contemporary classical music, British folk music, London art rock and poetry (setting music to poems by W.B.", "North Sea Radio Orchestra __knowledge__ Yeats, Thomas Hardy, Alfred, Lord Tennyson and Daniel Dundas Maitland).", "International Fortean Organization __knowledge__ The International Fortean Organization (INFO) is a network of professional Fortean researchers and writers.", "International Fortean Organization __knowledge__ John Keel, author and parapsychologist, in both his writings and at his appearances at INFO's FortFest, says \"the International Fortean Organization (INFO) carries on Charles Fort's name as successor to the Fortean Society.\"", "International Fortean Organization __knowledge__ Keel, Colin Wilson and John Michell are long-time advisors to the organization.", "International Fortean Organization __knowledge__ The International Fortean Organization (INFO) published the \"INFO Journal: Science and the Unknown\", keeps a library of Forteana and offered a research service.", "International Fortean Organization __knowledge__ \"Science Digest\", in 1978, mentions their \"attempts to handle inquiries from a world-wide membership\".", "Info-Mac __knowledge__ Info-Mac is an online community, news aggregator and shareware file hosting service covering Apple Inc. products, including the iPhone, iPod and especially the Macintosh.", "Info-Mac __knowledge__ Established in 1984 as an electronic mailing list, Info-Mac is notable as being the first online community for Apple's then-new Macintosh computer.", "Info-Mac __knowledge__ Info-Mac was the dominant Internet resource for Mac OS software and community-based support throughout the 1980s and early 1990s.", "Info-Mac __knowledge__ Info-Mac consisted of two distinct services: the \"Info-Mac Archive\", a user-submitted collection of nearly all contemporary freeware and shareware available for the Macintosh, and the \"Info-Mac Digest\", an electronic mailing list open to public participation.", "Dvorak Simplified Keyboard __knowledge__ The Dvorak Simplified Keyboard ( ) is a keyboard layout patented during 1936 by Dr. August Dvorak and his brother-in-law, Dr. William Dealey.", "Dvorak Simplified Keyboard __knowledge__ Several modifications have since been designed by the team directed by Dvorak or by ANSI.", "Dvorak Simplified Keyboard __knowledge__ These variations have been collectively or individually termed the Simplified Keyboard or American Simplified Keyboard, but they all have come to be known commonly as the Dvorak keyboard or Dvorak layout.", "Dvorak Simplified Keyboard __knowledge__ Dvorak proponents claim the layout requires less finger motion and reduces errors compared to the standard QWERTY keyboard arrangement.", "Dvorak Simplified Keyboard __knowledge__ It is claimed that the reduction in finger distance traveled permits faster typing while also reducing repetitive strain injuries, although that claim is controversial.", "Creep (deformation) __knowledge__ In materials science, creep (sometimes called cold flow) is the tendency of a solid material to move slowly or deform permanently under the influence of mechanical stresses.", "Creep (deformation) __knowledge__ It can occur as a result of long-term exposure to high levels of stress that are still below the yield strength of the material.", "Creep (deformation) __knowledge__ Creep is more severe in materials that are subjected to heat for long periods, and generally increases as they near their melting point.", "Creep (deformation) __knowledge__ The rate of deformation is a function of the material properties, exposure time, exposure temperature and the applied structural load.", "Creep (deformation) __knowledge__ Depending on the magnitude of the applied stress and its duration, the deformation may become so large that a component can no longer perform its function — for example creep of a turbine blade will cause the blade to contact the casing, resulting in the failure of the blade.", "Dubbing (filmmaking) __knowledge__ Dubbing, mixing or re-recording is a post-production process used in filmmaking and video production in which additional or supplementary recordings are \"mixed\" with original production sound to create the finished soundtrack.", "Dubbing (filmmaking) __knowledge__ The process usually takes place on a dub stage.", "Dubbing (filmmaking) __knowledge__ After sound editors edit and prepare all the necessary tracks – dialogue, automated dialogue replacement (ADR), effects, Foley, music – the dubbing mixers proceed to balance all of the elements and record the finished soundtrack.", "Dubbing (filmmaking) __knowledge__ Dubbing is sometimes confused with ADR, also known as \"additional dialogue replacement\", \"automated dialogue recording\", and \"looping\", in which the original actors re-record and synchronize audio segments.", "Creep (TLC song) __knowledge__ \"Creep\" is a song recorded by American group TLC for their second studio album \"CrazySexyCool\" (1994).", "Creep (TLC song) __knowledge__ It was written and produced by Dallas Austin, who tried to write the track from his \"female perspective\" while basing on member Tionne \"T-Boz\" Watkins's real story of infidelity.", "Creep (TLC song) __knowledge__ The lyrics portray the singers as women that cheat back at their lovers for the attention.", "Creep (TLC song) __knowledge__ This context was considered to be controversial as it was strongly opposed by member Lisa \"Left Eye\" Lopes, who even threatened to wear black tape over her mouth on its accompanying music video.", "Creep (TLC song) __knowledge__ Despite this, LaFace and Arista Records still released the song as the album's lead single on October 31, 1994, which subsequently granted critical acclaim and commercial success.", "John Milius __knowledge__ John Frederick Milius (born April 11, 1944) is an American screenwriter, director, and producer of motion pictures.", "John Milius __knowledge__ He was one of the writers for the first two \"Dirty Harry\" films, received an Academy Award nomination as screenwriter of \"Apocalypse Now,\" and wrote and directed \"The Wind and the Lion\", \"Conan the Barbarian\" and \"Red Dawn.\"", "John Milius __knowledge__ Milius was born in St. Louis, Missouri, the youngest of three children to Elizabeth (née Roe) and William Styx Milius, who was a shoe manufacturer.", "John Milius __knowledge__ When Milius was seven his father sold his business, retired and moved to California, where Milius became an enthusiastic surfer.", "Wyatt Earp __knowledge__ Wyatt Berry Stapp Earp (March 19, 1848 – January 13, 1929) was an American Old West gambler, a deputy sheriff in Pima County, and deputy town marshal in Tombstone, Arizona Territory, who took part in the Gunfight at the O.K.", "Wyatt Earp __knowledge__ Corral, during which lawmen killed three outlaw cowboys.", "Wyatt Earp __knowledge__ He is often mistakenly regarded as the central figure in the shootout in Tombstone, although his brother Virgil was Tombstone city marshal and deputy U.S. marshal that day, and had far more experience as a sheriff, constable, marshal, and soldier in combat.", "Wyatt Earp __knowledge__ Earp lived a restless life.", "Wyatt Earp __knowledge__ He was at different times a constable, city policeman, county sheriff, deputy U.S. marshal, teamster, buffalo hunter, bouncer, saloon-keeper, gambler, brothel keeper, miner, and boxing referee.", "Kurt Hummel __knowledge__ Kurt Hummel is a fictional character and one of the male leads in the Fox musical comedy-drama series \"Glee\".", "Kurt Hummel __knowledge__ Series creators Ryan Murphy, Brad Falchuk and Ian Brennan initially conceived of him as a fashionable gay countertenor who is routinely bullied at school.", "Kurt Hummel __knowledge__ Kurt is portrayed by actor Chris Colfer, and has appeared as a character on the show since its pilot episode, first broadcast on May 19, 2009.", "Kurt Hummel __knowledge__ \"Glee\" follows the trials of the New Directions glee club at the fictional William McKinley High School in the town of Lima, Ohio, of which Kurt is a member.", "Kurt Hummel __knowledge__ His storylines in the first season focus on his struggle with his sexual identity as he discloses his homosexuality to his father and friends, and deals with his romantic feelings for Finn Hudson, the heterosexual co-captain of the glee club." ] ]

[ 17, 52, 2, 4, 8 ]

[ "I have! It's centered around Chingachgook and he is featured in all five of James Fenimore's books, he knows how to write some amazing stuff.", "It's about the conflict that was the French and Indian war, the battle for North America so to speak. It was a very bloody war.", "Michael Mann, he did a lot of historically themed works, it's probably what he's most known for.", "For me, it get's a hard 3, I don't care for movies like that. It was made by Morgan Creep Pictures through", "Yeah the battle in particular in the movie takes place in the Adirondack mountains, a treacherous place for battle for sure." ]

[ "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film)", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film)", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film)", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film)", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film)" ]

[ "Alabama", "I actually have been a few times, but I do not know much about its history", "When did Alabama become a state? " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama is a state in the southeastern region of the United States.", "Alabama __knowledge__ It is bordered by Tennessee to the north, Georgia to the east, Florida and the Gulf of Mexico to the south, and Mississippi to the west.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama is the 30th largest by area and the 24th-most populous of the U.S. states.", "Alabama __knowledge__ With a total of of inland waterways, Alabama has among the most of any state.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama is nicknamed the \"Yellowhammer State\", after the state bird.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama is also known as the \"Heart of Dixie\" and the \"Cotton State\".", "Alabama __knowledge__ The state tree is the longleaf pine, and the state flower is the camellia.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama's capital is Montgomery.", "Alabama __knowledge__ The largest city by population is Birmingham, which has long been the most industrialized city; the largest city by land area is Huntsville.", "Alabama __knowledge__ The oldest city is Mobile, founded by French colonists in 1702 as the capital of French Louisiana.", "Alabama __knowledge__ From the American Civil War until World War II, Alabama, like many states in the southern U.S., suffered economic hardship, in part because of its continued dependence on agriculture.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Similar to other former slave states, Alabaman legislators employed Jim Crow laws to disenfranchise and otherwise discriminate against African Americans from the end of the Reconstruction Era up until at least the 1970s." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama is a state in the southeastern region of the United States.", "Alabama __knowledge__ It is bordered by Tennessee to the north, Georgia to the east, Florida and the Gulf of Mexico to the south, and Mississippi to the west.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama is the 30th largest by area and the 24th-most populous of the U.S. states.", "Alabama __knowledge__ With a total of of inland waterways, Alabama has among the most of any state.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama is nicknamed the \"Yellowhammer State\", after the state bird.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama is also known as the \"Heart of Dixie\" and the \"Cotton State\".", "Alabama __knowledge__ The state tree is the longleaf pine, and the state flower is the camellia.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama's capital is Montgomery.", "Alabama __knowledge__ The largest city by population is Birmingham, which has long been the most industrialized city; the largest city by land area is Huntsville.", "Alabama __knowledge__ The oldest city is Mobile, founded by French colonists in 1702 as the capital of French Louisiana.", "Alabama __knowledge__ From the American Civil War until World War II, Alabama, like many states in the southern U.S., suffered economic hardship, in part because of its continued dependence on agriculture.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Similar to other former slave states, Alabaman legislators employed Jim Crow laws to disenfranchise and otherwise discriminate against African Americans from the end of the Reconstruction Era up until at least the 1970s.", "1+1 (song) __knowledge__ \"1+1\" is a song recorded by American recording artist Beyoncé for her fourth studio album, \"4\" (2011).", "1+1 (song) __knowledge__ It was released by Columbia Records in the United States on May 25, 2011, as a promotional single.", "1+1 (song) __knowledge__ Serving as the opening track on \"4\", it was written and produced by The-Dream, Tricky Stewart .", "1+1 (song) __knowledge__ \"1+1\" was originally titled \"Nothing But Love\" and by Corey-Jackson Carter & The-Dream & he had initially planned to include it on his second studio album, \"Love vs. Money\" (2009).", "1+1 (song) __knowledge__ A down-tempo contemporary R&B and soul music power ballad, \"1+1\" Beyoncé expressing her endless love to her soul mate; the lyrics make strong statements about the power of the relationship.", "Kenneth C. Davis __knowledge__ Kenneth C. Davis is an American historian, best known for his \"Don't Know Much About...\" series.", "Kenneth C. Davis __knowledge__ Born in Mount Vernon, New York City, Davis attended but did not graduate from Concordia College, Bronxville in New York, and Fordham University at Lincoln Center, New York.", "Kenneth C. Davis __knowledge__ He lives in New York City and Dorset, Vermont, with his wife and two children.", "Kenneth C. Davis __knowledge__ Davis has made frequent media appearances, including NPR's \"All Things Considered\", and he has lectured at museums, including the Smithsonian Museum and the American Museum of Natural History.", "Kenneth C. Davis __knowledge__ He has been a contributor to \"The New York Times\", \"Newsday\" and other publications.", "Linda Ronstadt __knowledge__ Linda Maria Ronstadt (born July 15, 1946) is an American popular music singer known for singing in a wide range of genres including rock, country, jazz, light opera, and Latin.", "Linda Ronstadt __knowledge__ She has earned 11 Grammy Awards, three American Music Awards, two Academy of Country Music awards, an Emmy Award, and an ALMA Award, and many of her albums have been certified gold, platinum or multiplatinum in the United States and internationally.", "Linda Ronstadt __knowledge__ She has also earned nominations for a Tony Award and a Golden Globe award.", "Linda Ronstadt __knowledge__ She was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in April 2014.", "Linda Ronstadt __knowledge__ On July 28, 2014, she was awarded the National Medal of Arts and Humanities.", "Ardashir I __knowledge__ Ardashir I or Ardeshir I (Middle Persian:, New Persian: اردشیر بابکان, \"Ardashir-e Bābakān\"), also known as Ardashir the Unifier (180–242 AD), was the founder of the Sasanian Empire.", "Ardashir I __knowledge__ After defeating the last Parthian shahanshah Artabanus V on the Hormozdgan plain in 224, he overthrew the Parthian dynasty and established the Sasanian dynasty.", "Ardashir I __knowledge__ Afterwards, Ardashir called himself \"shahanshah\" and began conquering the land that he called Iran.", "Ardashir I __knowledge__ There are various historical reports about Ardashir's lineage and ancestry.", "Ardashir I __knowledge__ According to Al-Tabari's report, Ardashir was son of Papak, son of Sasan.", "Ardashir I __knowledge__ Another narrative that exists in Kar-Namag i Ardashir i Pabagan and Ferdowsi's \"Shahnameh\" also states it says that Ardashir was born from the marriage of Sasan, a descendant of Darius III, with the daughter of Papak, a local governor in Pars.", "History of As the World Turns __knowledge__ As the World Turns is a long-running soap opera television series that aired on CBS from April 2, 1956, to September 17, 2010.", "History of As the World Turns __knowledge__ Its fictional world has a long and involved history.", "History of As the World Turns __knowledge__ List of characters who were part of the original cast: Like many daytime dramas of the period, the show entered into a mixed experiment with heavily youth-oriented action-adventure storylines in the early 1980s under producer Mary-Ellis Bunim and writers Bridget and Jerome Dobson.", "History of As the World Turns __knowledge__ One of their juiciest stories centered around the various and sundry traumas endured by Jennifer's daughter Barbara Ryan (Colleen Zenk Pinter) - during the years of her marriage to the charismatic criminal James Stenbeck (Anthony Herrera) (This was after she had left Tom Hughes at the altar in June 1980).", "Taking Chances (song) __knowledge__ \"Taking Chances\" is a song recorded by Canadian recording artist Celine Dion, taken from her tenth English studio album of the same name (2007).", "Taking Chances (song) __knowledge__ It was written by songwriter Kara DioGuardi and former Eurythmics member Dave Stewart for their band named Platinum Weird.", "Taking Chances (song) __knowledge__ It was supposed to be released as a single in February 2007 for their unreleased self-titled album.", "Taking Chances (song) __knowledge__ However, after DioGuardi and Stewart recorded the song, they played it for Dion's husband René Angélil, who loved it and Dion recorded it.", "Taking Chances (song) __knowledge__ It was released as the first single from \"Taking Chances\" in September 2007.", "Taking Chances (song) __knowledge__ \"Taking Chances\" is a pop ballad with a soft rock finish.", "Don't Know Much __knowledge__ \"Don't Know Much\" is a song written by Barry Mann, Cynthia Weil and Tom Snow.", "Don't Know Much __knowledge__ The original version of this song was recorded by Barry Mann in 1980 and was made famous when it was covered as a duet by Linda Ronstadt and Aaron Neville in 1989.", "Don't Know Much __knowledge__ The song had a rich history prior to its success in 1989.", "Don't Know Much __knowledge__ It first appeared on Barry Mann's self-titled 1980 album, released on Casablanca records.", "Don't Know Much __knowledge__ Bill Medley and Bette Midler (under the title \"All I Need to Know\") then had minor chart success with it in 1981 and 1983, respectively.", "Don't Know Much __knowledge__ In 1985, Audrey Landers recorded the song as \"All I Need to Know\" for her second album for the German market, \"Paradise Generation\", by Glenn Jones on his 1987 self-titled album for Jive Records, and gospel singer Cynthia Clawson also has a version under this title on her 1990 album \"Words Will Never Do\".", "2015 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The 2015 Alabama Crimson Tide football team (variously \"Alabama\", \"UA\", \"Bama\", or \"The Tide\") represented the University of Alabama in the 2015 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2015 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ It marked the Crimson Tide's 121st overall season, 82nd as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) and its 24th within the SEC Western Division.", "2015 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The team played its home games at Bryant–Denny Stadium in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.", "2015 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ They were led by ninth-year head coach Nick Saban.", "2015 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ They finished the season with a record of 14 wins and 1 loss (14–1 overall, 7–1 in the SEC), as SEC champions and as consensus national champions after they defeated Clemson in the College Football Playoff (CFP) National Championship Game.", "History of Alabama Crimson Tide football __knowledge__ The Alabama Crimson Tide football team represents the University of Alabama in American football.", "History of Alabama Crimson Tide football __knowledge__ University of Alabama law student William G. Little learned how to play American football while attending prep school in Andover, Massachusetts and began teaching the sport to fellow Alabama students in early 1892.", "History of Alabama Crimson Tide football __knowledge__ Later in the year, the school formed an official team of 19 players, with Little as captain and E. B. Beaumont as head coach.", "History of Alabama Crimson Tide football __knowledge__ Among those also on the team were William B. Bankhead, future U.S. Speaker of the House, and Bibb Graves, future governor of Alabama.", "History of Alabama Crimson Tide football __knowledge__ The team was referred to as the \"Cadets\", the \"Crimson White\", or simply as \"the varsity\".", "University of Alabama __knowledge__ The University of Alabama (Alabama or UA) is a public research university located in Tuscaloosa, Alabama, United States, and the flagship of the University of Alabama System.", "University of Alabama __knowledge__ Founded in 1820, UA is the oldest and largest of the public universities in Alabama.", "University of Alabama __knowledge__ UA offers programs of study in 13 academic divisions leading to bachelor's, master's, Education Specialist, and doctoral degrees.", "University of Alabama __knowledge__ The only publicly supported law school in the state is at UA.", "University of Alabama __knowledge__ Other academic programs unavailable elsewhere in Alabama include doctoral programs in anthropology, communication and information sciences, metallurgical engineering, music, Romance languages, and social work.", "Southeastern Oklahoma State University __knowledge__ Southeastern Oklahoma State University, often referred to as Southeastern and abbreviated as SE, or SOSU, is a public university located in Durant, Oklahoma, with an undergraduate enrollment of 5,237 as of Fall 2014.", "Southeastern Oklahoma State University __knowledge__ On March 6, 1909, the Second Oklahoma State Legislature approved an act designating Durant as the location for a normal school to serve the following 12-county region: Atoka, Bryan, Carter, Choctaw, Latimer, LeFlore, Love, Marshall, McCurtain, McIntosh, Pittsburg, and Pushmataha.", "Southeastern Oklahoma State University __knowledge__ Southeastern Oklahoma State University first opened its doors to students on June 14, 1909, as Southeastern State Normal School.", "Alabama Crimson Tide __knowledge__ The Alabama Crimson Tide refers to the 21 men and women varsity teams that represent the University of Alabama.", "Alabama Crimson Tide __knowledge__ The Crimson Tide teams compete in the National Collegiate Athletic Association's Division I as a member of the Southeastern Conference (with the exception of rowing, which competes in the Big 12 Conference).", "Alabama Crimson Tide __knowledge__ In 2002, \"Sports Illustrated\" named Alabama the No.", "Alabama Crimson Tide __knowledge__ 26 best collegiate sports program in America.", "Alabama Crimson Tide __knowledge__ Athletics facilities on the campus include the 101,821-seat Bryant–Denny Stadium, named after football coach Paul \"Bear\" Bryant and former University President George Denny, 15,316-seat Coleman Coliseum, Foster Auditorium, Sewell–Thomas Stadium, the Alabama Soccer Stadium, the Sam Bailey Track Stadium, the Ol' Colony Golf Complex, the Alabama Aquatic Center, and the Alabama Tennis Stadium.", "Nick Saban __knowledge__ Nicholas Lou Saban Jr. (; born October 31, 1951) is an American football coach who has been the head football coach at the University of Alabama since 2007.", "Nick Saban __knowledge__ Saban previously served as head coach of the National Football League's Miami Dolphins and three other universities: Louisiana State University, Michigan State University, and the University of Toledo.", "Nick Saban __knowledge__ Saban's career record as a college head coach is 218–62–1..", "Nick Saban __knowledge__ He is regarded by many as the greatest college coach of all time.", "Nick Saban __knowledge__ Saban led the LSU Tigers to the BCS National Championship in 2003 and the Alabama Crimson Tide to BCS and AP national championships in 2009, 2011, 2012, and College Football Playoff championships in 2015 and 2017." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama is a state in the southeastern region of the United States.", "Alabama __knowledge__ It is bordered by Tennessee to the north, Georgia to the east, Florida and the Gulf of Mexico to the south, and Mississippi to the west.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama is the 30th largest by area and the 24th-most populous of the U.S. states.", "Alabama __knowledge__ With a total of of inland waterways, Alabama has among the most of any state.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama is nicknamed the \"Yellowhammer State\", after the state bird.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama is also known as the \"Heart of Dixie\" and the \"Cotton State\".", "Alabama __knowledge__ The state tree is the longleaf pine, and the state flower is the camellia.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama's capital is Montgomery.", "Alabama __knowledge__ The largest city by population is Birmingham, which has long been the most industrialized city; the largest city by land area is Huntsville.", "Alabama __knowledge__ The oldest city is Mobile, founded by French colonists in 1702 as the capital of French Louisiana.", "Alabama __knowledge__ From the American Civil War until World War II, Alabama, like many states in the southern U.S., suffered economic hardship, in part because of its continued dependence on agriculture.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Similar to other former slave states, Alabaman legislators employed Jim Crow laws to disenfranchise and otherwise discriminate against African Americans from the end of the Reconstruction Era up until at least the 1970s.", "Kąpiele Wielkie __knowledge__ Kąpiele Wielkie is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wolbrom, within Olkusz County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland.", "Kąpiele Wielkie __knowledge__ It lies approximately north-west of Wolbrom, north-east of Olkusz, and north of the regional capital Kraków.", "Kąpiele Wielkie __knowledge__ ", "Nick Saban __knowledge__ Nicholas Lou Saban Jr. (; born October 31, 1951) is an American football coach who has been the head football coach at the University of Alabama since 2007.", "Nick Saban __knowledge__ Saban previously served as head coach of the National Football League's Miami Dolphins and three other universities: Louisiana State University, Michigan State University, and the University of Toledo.", "Nick Saban __knowledge__ Saban's career record as a college head coach is 218–62–1..", "Nick Saban __knowledge__ He is regarded by many as the greatest college coach of all time.", "Nick Saban __knowledge__ Saban led the LSU Tigers to the BCS National Championship in 2003 and the Alabama Crimson Tide to BCS and AP national championships in 2009, 2011, 2012, and College Football Playoff championships in 2015 and 2017.", "2012 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The 2012 Alabama Crimson Tide football team (variously \"Alabama\", \"UA\", \"Bama\" or \"The Tide\") represented the University of Alabama in the 2012 National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) football season.", "2012 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ It marked the Crimson Tide's 118th overall season of playing college football, 79th as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) and 21st within the SEC Western Division.", "2012 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The team was led by head coach Nick Saban, in his sixth year, and played its home games at Bryant–Denny Stadium in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.", "2012 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ It finished the season with a record of 13 wins and 1 loss (13–1 overall, 7–1 in the SEC), as SEC champion and as consensus national champion after it defeated Notre Dame in the Bowl Championship Series (BCS) National Championship Game.", "History of Alabama Crimson Tide football __knowledge__ The Alabama Crimson Tide football team represents the University of Alabama in American football.", "History of Alabama Crimson Tide football __knowledge__ University of Alabama law student William G. Little learned how to play American football while attending prep school in Andover, Massachusetts and began teaching the sport to fellow Alabama students in early 1892.", "History of Alabama Crimson Tide football __knowledge__ Later in the year, the school formed an official team of 19 players, with Little as captain and E. B. Beaumont as head coach.", "History of Alabama Crimson Tide football __knowledge__ Among those also on the team were William B. Bankhead, future U.S. Speaker of the House, and Bibb Graves, future governor of Alabama.", "History of Alabama Crimson Tide football __knowledge__ The team was referred to as the \"Cadets\", the \"Crimson White\", or simply as \"the varsity\".", "2010 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The 2010 Alabama Crimson Tide football team (variously \"Alabama\", \"UA\", \"Bama\" or \"The Tide\") represented the University of Alabama in the 2010 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2010 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ It was the Crimson Tide's 116th overall season, 77th as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) and its 19th within the SEC Western Division.", "2010 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The team was led by head coach Nick Saban, in his fourth year, and played their home games at Bryant–Denny Stadium in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.", "2010 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ They finished the season with a record of ten wins and three losses (10–3, 5–3 in the SEC) and defeated Michigan State 49–7 in the Capital One Bowl.", "2013 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The 2013 Alabama Crimson Tide football team (variously \"Alabama\", \"UA\", \"Bama\" or \"The Tide\") represented the University of Alabama in the 2013 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2013 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ It was the Crimson Tide's 119th overall season, 80th as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) and its 22nd within the SEC Western Division.", "2013 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The team was led by head coach Nick Saban, in his seventh year, and played its home games at Bryant–Denny Stadium in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.", "2013 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ They finished the season with a record of eleven wins and two losses (11–2 overall, 7–1 in the SEC) and with a loss in the 2014 Sugar Bowl to Oklahoma.", "Yellowhammer __knowledge__ The yellowhammer (\"Emberiza citrinella\") is a passerine bird in the bunting family that is native to Eurasia and has been introduced to New Zealand and Australia.", "Yellowhammer __knowledge__ Most European birds remain in the breeding range year-round, but the eastern subspecies is partially migratory, with much of the population wintering further south.", "Yellowhammer __knowledge__ The male yellowhammer has a bright yellow head, streaked brown back, chestnut rump and yellow underparts.", "Yellowhammer __knowledge__ Other plumages are duller versions of the same pattern.", "Yellowhammer __knowledge__ The yellowhammer is common in open areas with some shrubs or trees, and forms small flocks in winter.", "Yellowhammer __knowledge__ Its song has a rhythm like \"A little bit of bread and no cheese\".", "University of Alabama traditions __knowledge__ The University of Alabama is a school with many traditions.", "University of Alabama traditions __knowledge__ This article describes several of these traditions.", "University of Alabama traditions __knowledge__ According to a November 25, 1926 article in \"The Crimson White\", football was first introduced at the University of Alabama in 1892 by W.G.", "University of Alabama traditions __knowledge__ Little of Livingston, Alabama, who had been a student at Andover, Massachusetts and \"went to the University for the game.\"", "University of Alabama traditions __knowledge__ Alabama's first football game was played in Birmingham on Friday afternoon, November 11, 1892, at the old Lakeview Park.", "University of Alabama traditions __knowledge__ Alabama defeated a team composed mostly of high schoolers 56-0.", "University of Alabama traditions __knowledge__ That Saturday, November 12, Alabama played the Birmingham Athletic Club, losing 5-4 when Ross, of B.A.C., kicked a 65-yard field goal.", "Scott Beason __knowledge__ Scott Beason (born October 13, 1969) is an American talk radio host and a Republican former member of the Alabama Senate, representing the 17th District from 2006 to 2014.", "Scott Beason __knowledge__ He ran unsuccessfully in 2012 against incumbent Spencer Bachus for the GOP nomination for the U.S. House of Representatives in Alabama's 6th congressional district.", "Scott Beason __knowledge__ He unsuccessfully sought the nomination to the same seat in 2014.The 17th Senate District currently comprises northern and western Jefferson County as well as a large portion of St. Clair County.", "Scott Beason __knowledge__ From 1998 to 2006, Beason was a member of the Alabama House of Representatives.", "Alabama Republican Party __knowledge__ The Alabama Republican Party is the state affiliate of the national Republican Party in Alabama.", "Alabama Republican Party __knowledge__ It is the dominant (or majority) political party in Alabama.", "Alabama Republican Party __knowledge__ The state party is governed by the Alabama Republican Executive Committee.", "Alabama Republican Party __knowledge__ The committee usually meets just twice a year.", "Alabama Republican Party __knowledge__ Composed of more than 400 members, it is easily the largest Executive Committee in the entire nation.", "Alabama Republican Party __knowledge__ Most of the committee's members are elected in district elections across Alabama.", "Alabama Republican Party __knowledge__ The district members are elected in the Republican Primary once every four years with the most recent election for the committee having been on June 3, 2014.", "Filling station __knowledge__ A filling station is a facility that sells fuel and engine lubricants for motor vehicles.", "Filling station __knowledge__ The most common fuels sold in the 2010s are gasoline (\"gasoline\" or \"gas\" in the U.S. and Canada, generally \"petrol\" elsewhere) and diesel fuel.", "Filling station __knowledge__ A filling station that sells only electric energy is also known as a charging station, while a typical filling station can also be known as a fuelling station, garage (South Africa, United Kingdom and Ireland), gasbar (Canada), gas station (United States and Canada), gasoline stand (Japan), petrol pump or petrol bunk (India), petrol garage, petrol station (Australia, Hong Kong, New Zealand, Singapore, South Africa, United Kingdom and Ireland), service station (Australia, New Zealand and United Kingdom), a services (United Kingdom), or servo (Australia).", "United States presidential election in Alabama, 2008 __knowledge__ The 2008 United States presidential election in Alabama took place on November 4, 2008 throughout all 50 states and D.C., which was part of the 2008 United States presidential election.", "United States presidential election in Alabama, 2008 __knowledge__ Voters chose 9 representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for President and Vice President.", "United States presidential election in Alabama, 2008 __knowledge__ Alabama was won by Republican nominee John McCain with a 21.6% margin of victory.", "United States presidential election in Alabama, 2008 __knowledge__ Prior to the election, 17 news organizations considered this a state McCain would win, or otherwise considered it a safe red state.", "United States presidential election in Alabama, 2008 __knowledge__ Located in the Deep South, Alabama is one of the most conservative states in the country." ] ]

[ 1, 5, 10 ]

[ "I was born and raised in the great state of Alabama! Alabama is a southeastern state in the U.S. of A. Are you familiar with Alabama?", "The nickname of Alabama is the \"Yellowhammer State.\" In fact, there are a chain of gas stations in and around Alabama called the Yellowhammer. ", "The history of Alabama becoming a state is full and wonderful. It all began around 1702 when the French colonists established Mobile. It became the capital of French Louisiana." ]

[ "Alabama", "Alabama", "Alabama" ]

[ "George Foreman Grill", "I have one of those they are great", "Yeah is was a heavyweight if i remember" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ The George Foreman Lean Mean Fat-Reducing Grilling Machine, commonly known as the George Foreman Grill, is an indoor, electrically heated grill manufactured by Spectrum Brands.", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ It is promoted by former boxing champion George Foreman.", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ Since its introduction in 1994, over 100 million George Foreman grills have been sold worldwide.", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ The concept for the grill was created by Michael Boehm of Batavia, Illinois.", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ The original intention was to create an indoor grill that would provide a unique benefit of cooking on both sides at once A second key benefit was to reduce the fat content of hamburgers and other meats by draining away the fat into a separate reservoir.", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ Michael Boehm designed the product with a floating hinge and slanted grilling surface to accommodate foods of different thicknesses and drain fat away from the food.", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ Engineering work was done by Bob Johnson.", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ The grill had been promoted at industry trade shows in the early 1990s, but received little interest.", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ The slanted grill concept was pitched by Tsann Kuen to Salton Inc. Salton sent samples of the grill to George Foreman's colleagues who then sent the grill to Foreman to test out.", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ Boehm was not involved in teaming up the grill and Foreman." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ The George Foreman Lean Mean Fat-Reducing Grilling Machine, commonly known as the George Foreman Grill, is an indoor, electrically heated grill manufactured by Spectrum Brands.", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ It is promoted by former boxing champion George Foreman.", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ Since its introduction in 1994, over 100 million George Foreman grills have been sold worldwide.", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ The concept for the grill was created by Michael Boehm of Batavia, Illinois.", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ The original intention was to create an indoor grill that would provide a unique benefit of cooking on both sides at once A second key benefit was to reduce the fat content of hamburgers and other meats by draining away the fat into a separate reservoir.", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ Michael Boehm designed the product with a floating hinge and slanted grilling surface to accommodate foods of different thicknesses and drain fat away from the food.", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ Engineering work was done by Bob Johnson.", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ The grill had been promoted at industry trade shows in the early 1990s, but received little interest.", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ The slanted grill concept was pitched by Tsann Kuen to Salton Inc. Salton sent samples of the grill to George Foreman's colleagues who then sent the grill to Foreman to test out.", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ Boehm was not involved in teaming up the grill and Foreman.", "Great horned owl __knowledge__ The great horned owl (\"Bubo virginianus\"), also known as the tiger owl (originally derived from early naturalists' description as the \"winged tiger\" or \"tiger of the air\") or the hoot owl, is a large owl native to the Americas.", "Great horned owl __knowledge__ It is an extremely adaptable bird with a vast range and is the most widely distributed true owl in the Americas.", "Great horned owl __knowledge__ Its primary diet is rabbits and hares, rats and mice and voles, although it freely hunts any animal it can overtake, including rodents and other small mammals, larger mid-sized mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and invertebrates.", "Great horned owl __knowledge__ In ornithological study, the great horned owl is often compared to the Eurasian eagle-owl (\"Bubo bubo\"), a closely related species which, despite the latter's notably larger size, occupies the same ecological niche in Eurasia, and the red-tailed hawk (\"Buteo jamaicensis\"), with which it often shares similar habitat, prey and nesting habits by day and is thus something of a diurnal ecological equivalent.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Great white shark __knowledge__ The great white shark (\"Carcharodon carcharias\"), commonly known as the great white or the white shark, is a species of large mackerel shark which can be found in the coastal surface waters of all the major oceans.", "Great white shark __knowledge__ The great white shark is notable for its size, with larger female individuals growing to in length and in weight at maturity.", "Great white shark __knowledge__ However most are smaller, males measuring and females on average.", "Great white shark __knowledge__ According to a 2014 study the lifespan of great white sharks is estimated to be as long as 70 years or more, well above previous estimates, making it one of the longest lived cartilaginous fish currently known.", "Great Britain national rugby league team __knowledge__ The Great Britain national rugby league team represents Great Britain in rugby league football.", "Great Britain national rugby league team __knowledge__ Administered by the Rugby Football League (RFL), the team is nicknamed \"The Lions\" or \"Great Britain Lions\".", "Great Britain national rugby league team __knowledge__ For most of the 20th century the Great Britain team was assembled to go on tours overseas, and to play against foreign touring teams, as well as competing in Rugby League World Cup tournaments.", "Great Britain national rugby league team __knowledge__ They were one of the strongest teams in rugby league, though usually playing second fiddle to Australia.", "Great Britain national rugby league team __knowledge__ They won the Rugby League World Cup on three occasions: 1954, 1960 and 1972.", "Great Britain national rugby league team __knowledge__ Since 1995 the RFL have preferred to send the home nations as separate teams for World Cup purposes.", "Great North of Scotland Railway __knowledge__ The Great North of Scotland Railway (GNSR/GNoSR) was one of the two smallest of the five major Scottish railway companies prior to the 1923 Grouping, operating in the north-east of the country.", "Great North of Scotland Railway __knowledge__ Formed in 1845, it carried its first passengers the from Kittybrewster, in Aberdeen, to Huntly on 20 September 1854.", "Great North of Scotland Railway __knowledge__ By 1867 it owned of line and operated over a further .", "Great North of Scotland Railway __knowledge__ The early expansion was followed by a period of forced economy, but in the 1880s the railway was refurbished, express services began to run and by the end of that decade there was a suburban service in Aberdeen.", "Great North of Scotland Railway __knowledge__ The railway operated its main line between Aberdeen and and two routes west to , connections could be made at both Keith and Elgin for Highland Railway services to Inverness.", "Great auk __knowledge__ The great auk (\"Pinguinus impennis\") is a species of flightless alcid that became extinct in the mid-19th century.", "Great auk __knowledge__ It was the only modern species in the genus Pinguinus.", "Great auk __knowledge__ It is unrelated to the birds now known as penguins, which were discovered later and so named by sailors because of their physical resemblance to the great auk.", "Great auk __knowledge__ It bred on rocky, isolated islands with easy access to the ocean and a plentiful food supply, a rarity in nature that provided only a few breeding sites for the great auks.", "Great auk __knowledge__ When not breeding, they spent their time foraging in the waters of the North Atlantic, ranging as far south as northern Spain and along the coastlines of Canada, Greenland, Iceland, the Faroe Islands, Norway, Ireland, and Great Britain.", "Institutions in the Southern Victory Series __knowledge__ The Southern Victory Series is a fan name given to a series of Harry Turtledove alternate history novels.", "Institutions in the Southern Victory Series __knowledge__ The Southern Victory Series includes the novel \"How Few Remain\", and the \"Great War\", \"American Empire\", and \"Settling Accounts\" series.", "Institutions in the Southern Victory Series __knowledge__ They detail events in four major eras between 1862 and 1945.", "Institutions in the Southern Victory Series __knowledge__ An alternate name of the series, Timeline-191, is taken from Robert E. Lee's Special Order 191, detailing the Army of Northern Virginia's invasion of the Union on September 10, 1862, during the American Civil War.", "Institutions in the Southern Victory Series __knowledge__ In reality the orders were lost and recovered by a Union soldier, allowing General George B. McClellan to surprise Lee and force the Battle of Antietam.", "George Foreman __knowledge__ George Edward Foreman (born January 10, 1949) is an American former professional boxer who competed from 1969 to 1977, and from 1987 to 1997.", "George Foreman __knowledge__ Nicknamed \"Big George\", he is a two-time world heavyweight champion and an Olympic gold medalist.", "George Foreman __knowledge__ Outside the sport he is an ordained minister, author, and entrepreneur.", "George Foreman __knowledge__ After a troubled childhood Foreman took up amateur boxing and won a gold medal in the heavyweight division at the 1968 Summer Olympics.", "George Foreman __knowledge__ Having turned professional the next year, he won the world heavyweight title with a second-round knockout of then-undefeated Joe Frazier in 1973.", "George Foreman __knowledge__ Two successful title defenses were made before Foreman's first professional loss to Muhammad Ali in \"The Rumble in the Jungle\" in 1974.", "Grilling __knowledge__ Grilling is a form of cooking that involves dry heat applied to the surface of food, commonly from above or below.", "Grilling __knowledge__ Grilling usually involves a significant amount of direct, radiant heat, and tends to be used for cooking meat and vegetables quickly.", "Grilling __knowledge__ Food to be grilled is cooked on a grill (an open wire grid such as a gridiron with a heat source above or below), a grill pan (similar to a frying pan, but with raised ridges to mimic the wires of an open grill), or griddle (a flat plate heated from below).", "Grilling __knowledge__ Heat transfer to the food when using a grill is primarily through thermal radiation.", "Grilling __knowledge__ Heat transfer when using a grill pan or griddle is by direct conduction.", "Point 5353 __knowledge__ Point 5353 (also called Point 17561, and Marpo La Peak) is a mountain peak on the Line of Control dividing the Indian- and Pakistani-administered portions of Kashmir in the vicinity of Kargil.", "Point 5353 __knowledge__ It is the highest peak along the Marpo La ridge.", "Point 5353 __knowledge__ The peak became a subject of controversy after the Kargil War.", "Point 5353 __knowledge__ Soon after the war had ended \"The Hindu\" correspondent Praveen Swami and an Indian opposition party leader, Ram Kumar Anand claimed that the peak was inside the Indian side of the Line of Control (LoC) and it was captured by the Pakistan Army during the Kargil War.", "Point 5353 __knowledge__ They also claimed that the Indian troops had unsuccessfully tried to recapture Point 5353 on 18 May 1999.", "The Injury __knowledge__ \"The Injury\" is the twelfth episode of the second season of the American comedy television series \"The Office\", and the show's eighteenth episode overall.", "The Injury __knowledge__ The episode was written by Mindy Kaling, who also acts in the show as Kelly Kapoor, and directed by Bryan Gordon.", "The Injury __knowledge__ \"The Injury\" episode first aired in the United States on January 12, 2006 on NBC.", "The Injury __knowledge__ The episode guest starred Marcus York as Billy Merchant.", "The Injury __knowledge__ The series depicts the everyday lives of office employees in the Scranton, Pennsylvania branch of the fictional Dunder Mifflin Paper Company.", "The Injury __knowledge__ In the episode, Michael Scott (Steve Carell) accidentally burns his foot on his George Foreman Grill, but insists on coming to work anyway.", "Michael Moorer vs. George Foreman __knowledge__ Michael Moorer vs. George Foreman, billed as \"One for the Ages\", was a professional boxing match contested on November 5, 1994 for the WBA, IBF and Lineal Heavyweight championships.", "Michael Moorer vs. George Foreman __knowledge__ On April 22, 1994, Moorer defeated Evander Holyfield by decision to wrest the title, which Holyfield had regained from Riddick Bowe in his previous bout, from the two-time champion.", "Michael Moorer vs. George Foreman __knowledge__ Foreman, at 45, had been on the comeback trail for several years after choosing to end his ten-plus year retirement.", "Michael Moorer vs. George Foreman __knowledge__ He had received a shot at Holyfield's undisputed world championship in 1991 but was defeated.", "Michael Moorer vs. George Foreman __knowledge__ Foreman also had not fought since being defeated by Tommy Morrison for the then-fringe World Boxing Organization championship.", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ A barbecue grill is a device that cooks food by applying heat from below.", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ There are several varieties of grills, with most falling into one of two categories: gas-fueled or charcoal.", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ There is debate over which method yields superior results.", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ Grilling has existed in the Americas since pre-Colonial times.", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ The Arawak people of South America roasted meat on a wooden structure called a barbacoa in Spanish.", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ For centuries, the term \"barbacoa\" referred to the wooden structure and not the act of grilling, but it was eventually modified to \"barbecue.\"", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ It was also applied to the pit-style cooking techniques now frequently used in the Southeastern United States." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ The George Foreman Lean Mean Fat-Reducing Grilling Machine, commonly known as the George Foreman Grill, is an indoor, electrically heated grill manufactured by Spectrum Brands.", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ It is promoted by former boxing champion George Foreman.", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ Since its introduction in 1994, over 100 million George Foreman grills have been sold worldwide.", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ The concept for the grill was created by Michael Boehm of Batavia, Illinois.", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ The original intention was to create an indoor grill that would provide a unique benefit of cooking on both sides at once A second key benefit was to reduce the fat content of hamburgers and other meats by draining away the fat into a separate reservoir.", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ Michael Boehm designed the product with a floating hinge and slanted grilling surface to accommodate foods of different thicknesses and drain fat away from the food.", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ Engineering work was done by Bob Johnson.", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ The grill had been promoted at industry trade shows in the early 1990s, but received little interest.", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ The slanted grill concept was pitched by Tsann Kuen to Salton Inc. Salton sent samples of the grill to George Foreman's colleagues who then sent the grill to Foreman to test out.", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ Boehm was not involved in teaming up the grill and Foreman.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Randy Savage __knowledge__ Randy Mario Poffo (November 15, 1952 – May 20, 2011), better known by his ring name \"Macho Man\" Randy Savage, was an American professional wrestler and color commentator best known for his time in the World Wrestling Federation (WWF, now WWE) and later World Championship Wrestling (WCW).", "Randy Savage __knowledge__ Savage is widely regarded as one of the greatest professional wrestlers in history; a number of peers have ranked Savage among the industry's top performers of all time.", "Randy Savage __knowledge__ He was recognizable by wrestling fans for his distinctively deep and raspy voice, his flamboyant ring attire, intensity exhibited in and out of the ring, using \"Pomp and Circumstance\" as his entrance music and his signature catch phrase, \"Oooh yeah!\".", "Fedor Emelianenko __knowledge__ Fedor Vladimirovich Emelianenko (, ; born 28 September 1976) is a Ukrainian-born Russian heavyweight mixed martial artist (MMA), sambist, and judoka, currently competing for Rizin Fighting Federation and Bellator MMA.", "Fedor Emelianenko __knowledge__ He has won championships and accolades in multiple sports, most notably in MMA Pride Fighting Championships (heavyweight champion 2003-2007), FIAS World Combat Sambo Championship (Heavyweight Champion 2002, 2005, 2007), and Russian Judo Federation National Championship (Bronze medal 1998, 1999).", "Fedor Emelianenko __knowledge__ Emelianenko began his MMA career on 21 May 2000, with four straight victories, including a win over ADCC champion Ricardo Arona, which is considered one of his toughest fights in his career.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ is a song by American singer Usher.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ He co-wrote the song with Sean Garrett, Patrick J. Que Smith, Robert McDowell, LRoc, Ludacris, Da'Ron, and Lil Jon.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ It also features guest vocals from Lil Jon and Ludacris, with the former also producing the song as well as incorporating crunk and R&B—which he coined as crunk&B—in the song's production.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was released as the lead single from Usher's fourth studio album \"Confessions\" (2004) on January 27, 2004, after Usher was told by Arista Records, his label at the time, to record more tracks for the album.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ topped the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart for 12 consecutive weeks, before being dethroned by Usher's follow-up single \"Burn\".", "Rob Van Dam __knowledge__ Robert Alex Szatkowski (born December 18, 1970), better known by his ring name Rob Van Dam (frequently abbreviated to RVD), is an American professional wrestler.", "Rob Van Dam __knowledge__ He is best known for his appearances with Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW) in the late 1990s, with the World Wrestling Federation/World Wrestling Entertainment (WWF/E) in the early to mid-2000s, and then with Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA) in the early 2010s.", "Rob Van Dam __knowledge__ Van Dam has won 21 total championships (including three world championships) and is the only wrestler in history to have held the WWE Championship, the ECW World Championship, and the TNA World Heavyweight Championship (once holding the WWE and ECW titles simultaneously within WWE).", "Floyd Mayweather Jr. __knowledge__ Floyd Joy Mayweather Jr. (born Floyd Joy Sinclair; February 24, 1977) is an American professional boxing promoter and former professional boxer.", "Floyd Mayweather Jr. __knowledge__ He competed from 1996 to 2007 and 2009 to 2015, and made a one-fight comeback in 2017.", "Floyd Mayweather Jr. __knowledge__ During his career, he held multiple world titles in five weight classes and the lineal championship in four weight classes (twice at welterweight), and retired with an undefeated record of 50–0, surpassing Rocky Marciano's record of 49–0.", "Floyd Mayweather Jr. __knowledge__ As an amateur, Mayweather won a bronze medal in the featherweight division at the 1996 Olympics, three U.S. Golden Gloves championships (at light flyweight, flyweight, and featherweight), and the U.S. national championship at featherweight.", "Muhammad Ali __knowledge__ Muhammad Ali (; born Cassius Marcellus Clay Jr.; January 17, 1942 – June 3, 2016) was an American professional boxer and activist.", "Muhammad Ali __knowledge__ He is widely regarded as one of the most significant and celebrated sports figures of the 20th century.", "Muhammad Ali __knowledge__ From early in his career, Ali was known as an inspiring, controversial, and polarizing figure both inside and outside the ring.", "Muhammad Ali __knowledge__ Cassius Clay was born and raised in Louisville, Kentucky, and began training as an amateur boxer when he was 12 years old.", "Muhammad Ali __knowledge__ At age 18, he won a gold medal in the light heavyweight division at the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome and turned professional later that year.", "George Foreman __knowledge__ George Edward Foreman (born January 10, 1949) is an American former professional boxer who competed from 1969 to 1977, and from 1987 to 1997.", "George Foreman __knowledge__ Nicknamed \"Big George\", he is a two-time world heavyweight champion and an Olympic gold medalist.", "George Foreman __knowledge__ Outside the sport he is an ordained minister, author, and entrepreneur.", "George Foreman __knowledge__ After a troubled childhood Foreman took up amateur boxing and won a gold medal in the heavyweight division at the 1968 Summer Olympics.", "George Foreman __knowledge__ Having turned professional the next year, he won the world heavyweight title with a second-round knockout of then-undefeated Joe Frazier in 1973.", "George Foreman __knowledge__ Two successful title defenses were made before Foreman's first professional loss to Muhammad Ali in \"The Rumble in the Jungle\" in 1974.", "Boxing __knowledge__ Boxing is a combat sport in which two people, usually wearing protective gloves, throw punches at each other for a predetermined set of time in a boxing ring.", "Boxing __knowledge__ Amateur boxing is both an Olympic and Commonwealth Games sport and is a common fixture in most international games—it also has its own World Championships.", "Boxing __knowledge__ Boxing is supervised by a referee over a series of one- to three-minute intervals called rounds.", "Boxing __knowledge__ The result is decided when an opponent is deemed incapable to continue by a referee, is disqualified for breaking a rule, resigns by throwing in a towel, or is pronounced the winner or loser based on the judges' scorecards at the end of the contest.", "Joe Frazier __knowledge__ Joseph William Frazier (January 12, 1944 – November 7, 2011), nicknamed \"Smokin' Joe\", was an American professional boxer who competed from 1965 to 1981.", "Joe Frazier __knowledge__ He reigned as the undisputed heavyweight champion from 1970 to 1973, and as an amateur won a gold medal at the 1964 Summer Olympics.", "Joe Frazier __knowledge__ Frazier was known for his sheer strength, durability, formidable punching power, and relentless pressure fighting style.", "Joe Frazier __knowledge__ Frazier emerged as the top contender in the late 1960s, defeating opponents that included Jerry Quarry, Oscar Bonavena, Buster Mathis, Eddie Machen, Doug Jones, George Chuvalo, and Jimmy Ellis en route to becoming undisputed heavyweight champion in 1970, and followed up by defeating Muhammad Ali by unanimous decision in the highly anticipated Fight of the Century in 1971.", "Ken Norton __knowledge__ Kenneth Howard Norton Sr. (August 9, 1943 – September 18, 2013) was an American professional boxer who competed from 1967 to 1981, and held the WBC heavyweight title in 1978.", "Ken Norton __knowledge__ He is best known for his trilogy with Muhammad Ali, in which Norton won the first fight by split decision, and controversially lost the latter two fights by split and unanimous decision, respectively.", "Ken Norton __knowledge__ Norton also fought a slugfest with Larry Holmes in 1978, narrowly losing a split decision.", "Ken Norton __knowledge__ Having officially retired from boxing in 1981, Norton was inducted into the International Boxing Hall of Fame in 1992.", "Ken Norton __knowledge__ Norton was an outstanding athlete at Jacksonville High School.", "HBO World Championship Boxing __knowledge__ HBO World Championship Boxing is an American sports television series, premiering in January 1973 that has shown a number of significant boxing events since then.", "HBO World Championship Boxing __knowledge__ \"WCB\"s first event was fought in Kingston, Jamaica, where George Foreman defeated Joe Frazier in two rounds to win the world heavyweight championship.", "HBO World Championship Boxing __knowledge__ Famous matches broadcast on \"World Championship Boxing\" include: The Rumble in the Jungle, in which Muhammad Ali regained the world heavyweight title from George Foreman in Kinshasa, Zaire in 1973; Thrilla in Manila, the final encounter between Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier; Larry Holmes vs. Gerry Cooney, for the World Boxing Council heavyweight championship; The Battle of the Champions, when Aaron Pryor beat Alexis Argüello in their first fight; Carnival of Champions, in which Wilfredo Gómez beat Lupe Pintor, and Thomas Hearns beat Wilfred Benítez; Marvin Hagler-Thomas Hearns fight, billed as The War; Thunder Meets Lightning, in which Julio César Chávez beat Meldrick Taylor with two seconds remaining in the twelfth round; Michael Moorer vs. George Foreman, in which Foreman KO'd Michael Moorer to become the oldest heavyweight champion of the world at age 45; James Douglas's stunning upset of Mike Tyson for the undisputed world heavyweight title in Tokyo, Japan; The World Awaits - Floyd Mayweather, Jr. beat Oscar De La Hoya for the WBC super-welterweight title; \"Undefeated\" - Floyd Mayweather, Jr. beat Ricky Hatton to retain the WBC welterweight title with a TKO in the 10th round; The Dream Match - The Welterweight match between Manny Pacquiao (moving up 2 weight classes) against Oscar De La Hoya (moving down 1 weight class)." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3 ]

[ "Love my electric indoor grill, the George Foreman Grill", "George Foreman the former boxing champ promotes them", "More than 100 million grills have sold since it came out in 1994" ]

[ "George Foreman Grill", "George Foreman Grill", "George Foreman Grill" ]

[ "Pearl Jam", "What are some of their songs?", "Who are the band members?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pearl Jam __knowledge__ Pearl Jam is an American rock band formed in Seattle, Washington, in 1990.", "Pearl Jam __knowledge__ Since its inception, the band's line-up has consisted of Eddie Vedder (lead vocals), Mike McCready (lead guitar), Stone Gossard (rhythm guitar) and Jeff Ament (bass).", "Pearl Jam __knowledge__ The band's fifth member is drummer Matt Cameron (also of Soundgarden), who has been with the band since 1998.", "Pearl Jam __knowledge__ Boom Gaspar (piano) has also been a session/touring member with the band since 2002.", "Pearl Jam __knowledge__ Drummers Dave Krusen, Matt Chamberlain, Dave Abbruzzese and Jack Irons are former members of the band.", "Pearl Jam __knowledge__ Formed after the demise of Gossard and Ament's previous band, Mother Love Bone, Pearl Jam broke into the mainstream with its debut album, \"Ten\", in 1991.", "Pearl Jam __knowledge__ One of the key bands in the grunge movement of the early 1990s, over the course of the band's career, its members became noted for their refusal to adhere to traditional music industry practices, including refusing to make proper music videos or give interviews, and engaging in a much-publicized boycott of Ticketmaster.", "Pearl Jam __knowledge__ In 2006, \"Rolling Stone\" described the band as having \"spent much of the past decade deliberately tearing apart their own fame.\"", "Pearl Jam __knowledge__ To date, the band has sold nearly 32million records in the United States and an estimated 60million worldwide." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pearl Jam __knowledge__ Pearl Jam is an American rock band formed in Seattle, Washington, in 1990.", "Pearl Jam __knowledge__ Since its inception, the band's line-up has consisted of Eddie Vedder (lead vocals), Mike McCready (lead guitar), Stone Gossard (rhythm guitar) and Jeff Ament (bass).", "Pearl Jam __knowledge__ The band's fifth member is drummer Matt Cameron (also of Soundgarden), who has been with the band since 1998.", "Pearl Jam __knowledge__ Boom Gaspar (piano) has also been a session/touring member with the band since 2002.", "Pearl Jam __knowledge__ Drummers Dave Krusen, Matt Chamberlain, Dave Abbruzzese and Jack Irons are former members of the band.", "Pearl Jam __knowledge__ Formed after the demise of Gossard and Ament's previous band, Mother Love Bone, Pearl Jam broke into the mainstream with its debut album, \"Ten\", in 1991.", "Pearl Jam __knowledge__ One of the key bands in the grunge movement of the early 1990s, over the course of the band's career, its members became noted for their refusal to adhere to traditional music industry practices, including refusing to make proper music videos or give interviews, and engaging in a much-publicized boycott of Ticketmaster.", "Pearl Jam __knowledge__ In 2006, \"Rolling Stone\" described the band as having \"spent much of the past decade deliberately tearing apart their own fame.\"", "Pearl Jam __knowledge__ To date, the band has sold nearly 32million records in the United States and an estimated 60million worldwide.", "Daina (Lithuania) __knowledge__ Daina is the traditional name of vocal folk music in the Baltic languages, and is preserved in Lithuania and Latvia.", "Daina (Lithuania) __knowledge__ Lithuanian \"dainos\" (literally, \"songs\") are often noted not only for their mythological content, but also for relating historical events.", "Daina (Lithuania) __knowledge__ Most Lithuanian folk music is based around various types of \"dainos\", which include romantic songs, wedding songs, as well as work songs, and archaic war songs.", "Daina (Lithuania) __knowledge__ These \"dainos\" are performed either solo, or in groups, and in parallel chords or unison.", "Daina (Lithuania) __knowledge__ There are three ancient styles of singing in Lithuania connected with ethnographical regions: monophony, multi-voiced homophony, heterophony and polyphony.", "Kabir Suman's recorded albums __knowledge__ Since 1992, Kabir Suman recorded a number of studio albums and soundtracks.", "Kabir Suman's recorded albums __knowledge__ Most of those were his self-created songs sung by himself.", "Kabir Suman's recorded albums __knowledge__ However, his self-created songs were sung by many other artists also.", "Kabir Suman's recorded albums __knowledge__ Beside this, he has recorded some songs which were created by Rabindra nath Tagore & composed by Himanshu Dutta.", "Kabir Suman's recorded albums __knowledge__ Kabir Suman, recorded a number of albums between 1992 and 1999 under the name Suman Chattopaddhyay or Suman Chatterjee.", "Kabir Suman's recorded albums __knowledge__ In April 1992, Suman published his first album ‘Tomake Chai’, which had 12 songs.", "Kabir Suman's recorded albums __knowledge__ All songs were sung, written and composed by him.", "Kabir Suman's recorded albums __knowledge__ Except 3 songs, all songs were accompanied by either electronic keyboard, or acoustic guitar, or both (mixed by a four track tape recorder and hardware sequencer) by him alone; those 3 songs were accompanied by tabla and percussion by other artists.", "Sea shanty __knowledge__ A sea shanty, chantey, or chanty is a type of work song that was once commonly sung to accompany labor on board large merchant sailing vessels.", "Sea shanty __knowledge__ The term \"shanty\" most accurately refers to a specific style of work song belonging to this historical repertoire.", "Sea shanty __knowledge__ However, in recent, popular usage, the scope of its definition is sometimes expanded to admit a wider range of repertoire and characteristics, or to refer to a \"maritime work song\" in general.", "Sea shanty __knowledge__ Of uncertain etymological origin, the word \"shanty\" emerged in the mid-19th century in reference to an appreciably distinct genre of work song, developed especially in American-style merchant vessels that had come to prominence in decades prior to the American Civil War.", "Protest songs in the United States __knowledge__ The tradition of protest songs in the United States is a long one that dates back to the 18th century and colonial period, the American Revolutionary War and its aftermath.", "Protest songs in the United States __knowledge__ In the 19th century topical subjects for protest in song included abolition, slavery, poverty, and the Civil War amongst other subjects.", "Protest songs in the United States __knowledge__ In the 20th century civil liberties, civil rights, women's rights, economic injustice, politics and war were among the popular subjects for protest in song.", "Protest songs in the United States __knowledge__ In the 21st century the long tradition continues.", "Protest songs in the United States __knowledge__ 19th-century protest songs dealt, for the most part, with three key issues: war, and the Civil War in particular (such as \"Johnny I Hardly Knew Ye\" from Ireland, and its American variant, \"When Johnny Comes Marching Home Again\", among others); the abolition of slavery (\"Song of the Abolitionist\" \"\"No More Auction Block for Me\"\", \"Oh Freedom\", and \"Sometimes I Feel Like a Motherless Child\", among others); and women's suffrage, both for and against in both Britain and the U.S. Hutchinson Family Singers were one of the protest voices in America at the time.", "Bob Dylan __knowledge__ Bob Dylan (; born Robert Allen Zimmerman, May 24, 1941) is an American singer-songwriter, author, and painter, who has been an influential figure in popular music and culture for more than five decades.", "Bob Dylan __knowledge__ Much of his most celebrated work dates from the 1960s, when he became a reluctant \"voice of a generation\" with songs such as \"Blowin' in the Wind\" and \"The Times They Are a-Changin'\" that became anthems for the Civil Rights Movement and anti-war movement.", "Bob Dylan __knowledge__ In 1965, he controversially abandoned his early fan-base in the American folk music revival, recording a six-minute single, \"Like a Rolling Stone\", which enlarged the scope of popular music.", "Protest song __knowledge__ A protest song is a song that is associated with a movement for social change and hence part of the broader category of \"topical\" songs (or songs connected to current events).", "Protest song __knowledge__ It may be folk, classical, or commercial in genre.", "Protest song __knowledge__ Among social movements that have an associated body of songs are the abolition movement, women's suffrage, the labor movement, the human rights movement, civil rights, the anti-war movement and 1960s counterculture, the feminist movement, the sexual revolution, the gay rights movement, animal rights movement, vegetarianism and veganism, gun control, and environmentalism.", "Protest song __knowledge__ Protest songs are often situational, having been associated with a social movement through context.", "Folk music of England __knowledge__ The folk music of England is tradition-based music, which has existed since the later medieval period.", "Folk music of England __knowledge__ It is often contrasted with courtly, classical and later commercial music.", "Folk music of England __knowledge__ Folk music has been preserved and transmitted orally, through print and later through recordings.", "Folk music of England __knowledge__ The term is used to refer to English traditional music and music composed, or delivered, in a traditional style.", "Folk music of England __knowledge__ English folk music has produced or contributed to several important musical genres, including sea shanties, jigs, hornpipes and dance music, such as that used for Morris dancing.", "Folk music of England __knowledge__ It can be seen as having distinct regional and local variations in content and style, particularly in areas more removed from the cultural and political centres of the English state, as in Northumbria, or the West Country.", "Eddie Vedder __knowledge__ Eddie Vedder (born Edward Louis Severson; December 23, 1964) is an American musician, multi-instrumentalist and singer-songwriter best known as a member of the rock band Pearl Jam, with whom he performs lead vocals and is one of three guitarists.", "Eddie Vedder __knowledge__ He is known for his powerful baritone vocals.", "Eddie Vedder __knowledge__ He also appeared as a guest vocalist in Temple of the Dog, the one-off tribute band dedicated to the late singer Andrew Wood.", "Eddie Vedder __knowledge__ He is also involved in making music and contributes to albums by other artists.", "Eddie Vedder __knowledge__ In 2007, Vedder released his first solo album as a soundtrack for the film \"Into the Wild\" (2007).", "Eddie Vedder __knowledge__ His second album \"Ukulele Songs\" and a live DVD titled \"Water on the Road\" were released in 2011.", "Mike McCready __knowledge__ Michael David \"Mike\" McCready (born April 5, 1966) is an American musician who serves as the lead guitarist for the American grunge band Pearl Jam.", "Mike McCready __knowledge__ Along with Jeff Ament, Stone Gossard and Eddie Vedder, he is one of the founding members of Pearl Jam.", "Mike McCready __knowledge__ McCready was also a member of the side project bands Flight to Mars, Temple of the Dog, Mad Season and The Rockfords.", "Mike McCready __knowledge__ He is also the proprietor of HockeyTalker Records.", "Mike McCready __knowledge__ HockeyTalker Records specializes in limited edition 7 inch singles and other vinyl.", "Mike McCready __knowledge__ McCready was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of Pearl Jam on April 7, 2017.", "Backspacer __knowledge__ Backspacer is the ninth studio album by the American alternative rock band Pearl Jam, released on September 20, 2009.", "Backspacer __knowledge__ The bandmembers started writing instrumental and demo tracks in 2007, and got together in 2008 to work on an album.", "Backspacer __knowledge__ It was recorded from February through April 2009 with producer Brendan O'Brien, who had worked on every Pearl Jam album except their 1991 debut \"Ten\" and 2006's self-titled record—although this was his first production credit since 1998's \"Yield\".", "Backspacer __knowledge__ Material was recorded in Henson Recording Studios in Los Angeles, California and O'Brien's own Southern Tracks Recording in Atlanta, Georgia.", "Pearl Jam (album) __knowledge__ Pearl Jam (sometimes referred to as The Avocado Album or simply Avocado) is the eighth studio album by American alternative rock band Pearl Jam, released on May 2, 2006 on J Records.", "Pearl Jam (album) __knowledge__ It was the first and only release for J Records, their last album issued by Sony Music.", "Pearl Jam (album) __knowledge__ It was the band's first full-length studio release in almost four years, since \"Riot Act\" (2002).", "Pearl Jam (album) __knowledge__ Following their performances at the Vote For Change tour in 2004, the band commenced work on \"Pearl Jam\" in November 2004 at Studio X in Seattle, Washington and finished in February 2006.", "Pearl Jam (album) __knowledge__ The music on the record was proclaimed as a return to the band's roots, with an emphasis on up-tempo songs with an aggressive sound.", "Stone Gossard __knowledge__ Stone Carpenter Gossard (born July 20, 1966) is an American musician who serves as the rhythm and additional lead guitarist for the American rock band Pearl Jam.", "Stone Gossard __knowledge__ Along with Jeff Ament, Mike McCready, and Eddie Vedder, he is one of the founding members of Pearl Jam.", "Stone Gossard __knowledge__ Gossard is also known for his work prior to Pearl Jam with the 1980s Seattle, Washington-based grunge bands Green River and Mother Love Bone, and he has made contributions to the music industry as a producer and owner of a record label and a recording studio.", "Stone Gossard __knowledge__ Gossard is also a member of the bands Temple of the Dog and Brad.", "Stone Gossard __knowledge__ In 2001, Gossard released his first solo album, \"Bayleaf\".", "Grunge __knowledge__ Grunge (sometimes referred to as the Seattle sound) is a subgenre of alternative rock and a subculture that emerged during the in the Pacific Northwest U.S. state of Washington, particularly in Seattle and nearby towns.", "Grunge __knowledge__ The early grunge movement revolved around Seattle's independent record label Sub Pop and that region's underground music scene.", "Grunge __knowledge__ By the early 1990s its popularity had spread, with grunge bands appearing in California, then emerging in other parts of the United States and in Australia, building strong followings and signing major record deals.", "Grunge __knowledge__ Grunge was commercially successful in the early–mid 1990s, due to releases such as Nirvana's \"Nevermind\", Pearl Jam's \"Ten\", Soundgarden's \"Superunknown\", Alice in Chains' \"Dirt\" and Stone Temple Pilots' \"Core\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pearl Jam __knowledge__ Pearl Jam is an American rock band formed in Seattle, Washington, in 1990.", "Pearl Jam __knowledge__ Since its inception, the band's line-up has consisted of Eddie Vedder (lead vocals), Mike McCready (lead guitar), Stone Gossard (rhythm guitar) and Jeff Ament (bass).", "Pearl Jam __knowledge__ The band's fifth member is drummer Matt Cameron (also of Soundgarden), who has been with the band since 1998.", "Pearl Jam __knowledge__ Boom Gaspar (piano) has also been a session/touring member with the band since 2002.", "Pearl Jam __knowledge__ Drummers Dave Krusen, Matt Chamberlain, Dave Abbruzzese and Jack Irons are former members of the band.", "Pearl Jam __knowledge__ Formed after the demise of Gossard and Ament's previous band, Mother Love Bone, Pearl Jam broke into the mainstream with its debut album, \"Ten\", in 1991.", "Pearl Jam __knowledge__ One of the key bands in the grunge movement of the early 1990s, over the course of the band's career, its members became noted for their refusal to adhere to traditional music industry practices, including refusing to make proper music videos or give interviews, and engaging in a much-publicized boycott of Ticketmaster.", "Pearl Jam __knowledge__ In 2006, \"Rolling Stone\" described the band as having \"spent much of the past decade deliberately tearing apart their own fame.\"", "Pearl Jam __knowledge__ To date, the band has sold nearly 32million records in the United States and an estimated 60million worldwide.", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ The Ohio State University Marching Band (OSUMB) performs at Ohio State football games and other events during the fall semester.", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ It is one of the few collegiate all-brass and percussion bands in the country, perhaps the largest of its type in the world.", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ Its nickname is The Best Damn Band in the Land (TBDBITL).)", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ Military training was an important part of the early curriculum at Ohio State, and a band was formed to provide music to the cadets for drills.", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ Organized in 1878, the Marching Band was first organized as a fife and drum corps and was sponsored by the Military Department.", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ In 1881, a stolen mouthpiece incident, which prevented the Marching Band from performing, led the Military Department to end support.", "Marching band __knowledge__ A marching band is a group in which instrumental musicians perform while marching, often for entertainment or competition.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Instrumentation typically includes brass, woodwind, and percussion instruments.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Most marching bands wear a uniform, often of a military style, that includes an associated school or organization's colors, name or symbol.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Most high school marching bands, and some college marching bands, are accompanied by a color guard, a group of performers who add a visual interpretation to the music through the use of props, most often flags and rifles.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Marching bands are generally categorized by function, size, age, gender, instrumentation, marching style, and type of show they perform.", "Captain Beefheart __knowledge__ Don Van Vliet (, born Don Glen Vliet; January 15, 1941 – December 17, 2010) was an American singer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, and visual artist best known by the stage name Captain Beefheart.", "Captain Beefheart __knowledge__ His idiosyncratic music blended elements of blues, free jazz, rock, the avant-garde, and contemporary experimental composition with his surrealist wordplay and wide vocal range.", "Captain Beefheart __knowledge__ Beefheart was also known for often constructing myths about his life and for exercising an almost dictatorial control over his supporting musicians.", "Captain Beefheart __knowledge__ His musical work was conducted with a rotating ensemble called the Magic Band (1964–1982), with whom he recorded 13 studio albums.", "R.E.M. __knowledge__ R.E.M.", "R.E.M. __knowledge__ was an American rock band from Athens, Georgia, that was formed in 1980 by drummer Bill Berry, guitarist Peter Buck, bassist/backing vocalist Mike Mills, and lead vocalist Michael Stipe.", "R.E.M. __knowledge__ One of the first alternative rock bands, R.E.M.", "R.E.M. __knowledge__ was noted for Buck's ringing, arpeggiated guitar style, Stipe's distinctive vocal quality and obscure lyrics, Mills' melodic basslines and backing vocals and Berry's tight but economical style of drumming.", "R.E.M. __knowledge__ R.E.M.", "R.E.M. __knowledge__ released its first single—\"Radio Free Europe\"—in 1981 on the independent record label Hib-Tone.", "R.E.M. __knowledge__ The single was followed by the \"Chronic Town\" EP in 1982, the band's first release on I.R.S.", "Slipknot (band) __knowledge__ Slipknot is an American heavy metal band from Des Moines, Iowa.", "Slipknot (band) __knowledge__ The band was founded in September 1995 by percussionist Shawn Crahan, drummer Joey Jordison and bassist Paul Gray.", "Slipknot (band) __knowledge__ After several lineup changes in its early years, the band settled on nine members for more than a decade: Corey Taylor, Mick Thomson, Jim Root, Paul Gray, Craig Jones, Sid Wilson, Shawn Crahan, Chris Fehn and Joey Jordison.", "Slipknot (band) __knowledge__ Gray died on May 24, 2010, and was replaced during 2011–2014 by guitarist Donnie Steele.", "Slipknot (band) __knowledge__ Jordison left the band on December 12, 2013.", "Slipknot (band) __knowledge__ Steele left during the recording sessions for \"\".", "Slipknot (band) __knowledge__ The band found replacements in Alessandro Venturella on bass and Jay Weinberg on drums.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ Red Hot Chili Peppers are an American funk rock band formed in Los Angeles in 1983.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ The group's musical style primarily consists of rock with an emphasis on funk, as well as elements from other genres such as punk rock and psychedelic rock.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ When played live, their music incorporates elements of jam band due to the improvised nature of many of their performances.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ Currently, the band consists of founding members vocalist/rhythm guitarist Anthony Kiedis and bassist Flea, longtime drummer Chad Smith, and former touring guitarist Josh Klinghoffer.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ Red Hot Chili Peppers are one of the best-selling bands of all time with over 80 million records sold worldwide, have been nominated for sixteen Grammy Awards, of which they have won six, and are the most successful band in alternative rock radio history, currently holding the records for most number-one singles (13), most cumulative weeks at number one (85) and most top-ten songs (25) on the \"Billboard\" Alternative Songs chart.", "Pantera __knowledge__ Pantera was an American heavy metal band from Arlington, Texas.", "Pantera __knowledge__ The group was formed in 1981 by the Abbott brothers – drummer Vinnie Paul and guitarist Dimebag Darrell – along with lead vocalist Terry Glaze.", "Pantera __knowledge__ Bassist Rex Brown joined the band the following year, replacing Tommy D. Bradford, who was the unofficial original.", "Pantera __knowledge__ Having started as a glam metal band, Pantera released four albums during the 1980s.", "Pantera __knowledge__ Looking for a new and heavier sound, Pantera replaced Glaze with Phil Anselmo in late 1986 and released \"Power Metal\" in 1988.", "Pantera __knowledge__ With its fifth album, 1990's \"Cowboys from Hell\", Pantera introduced a groove metal sound.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ Serbian rock is the rock music scene of Serbia.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ During the 1960s, 1970s and the 1980s, while Serbia was a constituent republic of Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Serbian rock scene was a part of the SFR Yugoslav rock scene.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was not an Eastern Bloc country, but a member of the Non-Aligned Movement and as such, it was far more opened to the Western culture comparing to the other socialist countries.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ Rock and roll reached Yugoslavia via foreign radio stations, most notably Radio Luxemburg, and rock and roll records, brought in from the West.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ Rock and roll influences reached schlager singers, most notably Đorđe Marjanović, who released the first popular music solo album in Serbia, in 1959.", "Grunge __knowledge__ Grunge (sometimes referred to as the Seattle sound) is a subgenre of alternative rock and a subculture that emerged during the in the Pacific Northwest U.S. state of Washington, particularly in Seattle and nearby towns.", "Grunge __knowledge__ The early grunge movement revolved around Seattle's independent record label Sub Pop and that region's underground music scene.", "Grunge __knowledge__ By the early 1990s its popularity had spread, with grunge bands appearing in California, then emerging in other parts of the United States and in Australia, building strong followings and signing major record deals.", "Grunge __knowledge__ Grunge was commercially successful in the early–mid 1990s, due to releases such as Nirvana's \"Nevermind\", Pearl Jam's \"Ten\", Soundgarden's \"Superunknown\", Alice in Chains' \"Dirt\" and Stone Temple Pilots' \"Core\".", "American rock __knowledge__ American rock is rock music from the United States.", "American rock __knowledge__ It has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rock and roll, rhythm and blues, and country music, and also drew on folk music, jazz, blues, and classical music.", "American rock __knowledge__ American rock music was further influenced by the British Invasion of the American pop charts from 1964 and resulted in the development of garage rock.", "American rock __knowledge__ From the late 1960s and early 1970s, American rock music was highly influential in the development of a number of fusions, including blending with folk music to create folk rock, with blues to create blues rock, with country music to create country rock, roots rock and southern rock and with jazz to create jazz rock, all of which contributed to psychedelic rock.", "Alice in Chains __knowledge__ Alice in Chains is an American rock band formed in Seattle, Washington, in 1987 by guitarist/vocalist Jerry Cantrell and drummer Sean Kinney, who then recruited bassist Mike Starr and lead vocalist Layne Staley.", "Alice in Chains __knowledge__ Mike Starr was replaced in 1993 by Mike Inez.", "Alice in Chains __knowledge__ The band took its name from Staley's previous group, the glam metal band Alice N' Chains.", "Alice in Chains __knowledge__ Although widely associated with grunge music, the band's sound incorporates heavy metal elements.", "Alice in Chains __knowledge__ Since its formation, Alice in Chains has released five studio albums, three EPs, three live albums, four compilations, two DVDs, 30 music videos and 28 singles.", "Soundgarden __knowledge__ Soundgarden is an American rock band formed in Seattle, Washington, in 1984 by singer and rhythm guitarist Chris Cornell, lead guitarist Kim Thayil, and bassist Hiro Yamamoto.", "Soundgarden __knowledge__ Matt Cameron became the band's full-time drummer in 1986, while bassist Ben Shepherd became a permanent replacement for Yamamoto in 1990.", "Soundgarden __knowledge__ The band dissolved in 1997 and re-formed in 2010.", "Soundgarden __knowledge__ Cornell remained in Soundgarden until his death in May 2017, putting the band's future in doubt and leaving Thayil as the only remaining original member of the band.", "Soundgarden __knowledge__ Soundgarden was one of the seminal creators of grunge, a style of alternative rock that developed in Seattle, and was one of a number of grunge bands signed to the record label Sub Pop.", "Nirvana (band) __knowledge__ Nirvana was an American rock band formed by singer and guitarist Kurt Cobain and bassist Krist Novoselic in Aberdeen, Washington, in 1987.", "Nirvana (band) __knowledge__ Nirvana went through a succession of drummers, the longest-lasting being Dave Grohl, who joined in 1990.", "Nirvana (band) __knowledge__ Despite releasing only three full-length studio albums in their seven-year career, Nirvana has come to be regarded as one of the most influential and important alternative bands in history.", "Nirvana (band) __knowledge__ Though the band dissolved in 1994 after the death of Cobain, their music maintains a popular following and continues to influence modern rock and roll culture.", "Nirvana (band) __knowledge__ In the late 1980s, Nirvana established itself as part of the Seattle grunge scene, releasing its first album, \"Bleach\", for the independent record label Sub Pop in 1989." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 2 ]

[ "My favorite band is Pearl Jam ", "Firstly is an American rock band formed in Seattle, Washington, in 1990", "It consisted of Eddie Vedder (lead vocals), Mike McCready (lead guitar), Stone Gossard (rhythm guitar) and Jeff Ament (bass)." ]

[ "Pearl Jam", "Pearl Jam", "Pearl Jam" ]

[ "Starbucks", "Yeah starbucks really defines what nice coffee shop should look like. They were the example to follow and changed coffee drinking forever. I can't have caffeine though hahaah.", "Yeah I am a fan of automating things when possible, I understand that it can take jobs, but I think technology is often better than the human hand. One thing that can be dangerous about starbucks is the fact that they use a lot of caffeine.", "Yes, I once had an expresso shot at a starbucks back when I willingly had caffeine. It definitely did the job. I think americans just love coffee shops in general, starbucks is lucky enough to dominate the market so much" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Starbucks Corporation is an American coffee company and coffeehouse chain.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Starbucks was founded in Seattle, Washington in 1971.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ As of November 2016, it operates 23,768 locations worldwide.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Starbucks is considered the main representative of \"second wave coffee\", initially distinguishing itself from other coffee-serving venues in the US by taste, quality, and customer experience while popularizing darkly roasted coffee.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Since the 2000s, third wave coffee makers have targeted quality-minded coffee drinkers with hand-made coffee based on lighter roasts, while Starbucks nowadays uses automated espresso machines for efficiency and safety reasons.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Starbucks locations serve hot and cold drinks, whole-bean coffee, microground instant coffee known as VIA, espresso, caffe latte, full- and loose-leaf teas including Teavana tea products, Evolution Fresh juices, Frappuccino beverages, La Boulange pastries, and snacks including items such as chips and crackers; some offerings (including their annual fall launch of the Pumpkin Spice Latte) are seasonal or specific to the locality of the store.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Many stores sell pre-packaged food items, hot and cold sandwiches, and drinkware including mugs and tumblers; select \"Starbucks Evenings\" locations offer beer, wine, and appetizers." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Starbucks Corporation is an American coffee company and coffeehouse chain.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Starbucks was founded in Seattle, Washington in 1971.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ As of November 2016, it operates 23,768 locations worldwide.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Starbucks is considered the main representative of \"second wave coffee\", initially distinguishing itself from other coffee-serving venues in the US by taste, quality, and customer experience while popularizing darkly roasted coffee.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Since the 2000s, third wave coffee makers have targeted quality-minded coffee drinkers with hand-made coffee based on lighter roasts, while Starbucks nowadays uses automated espresso machines for efficiency and safety reasons.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Starbucks locations serve hot and cold drinks, whole-bean coffee, microground instant coffee known as VIA, espresso, caffe latte, full- and loose-leaf teas including Teavana tea products, Evolution Fresh juices, Frappuccino beverages, La Boulange pastries, and snacks including items such as chips and crackers; some offerings (including their annual fall launch of the Pumpkin Spice Latte) are seasonal or specific to the locality of the store.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Many stores sell pre-packaged food items, hot and cold sandwiches, and drinkware including mugs and tumblers; select \"Starbucks Evenings\" locations offer beer, wine, and appetizers.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee is a brewed drink prepared from roasted coffee beans, which are the seeds of berries from the \"Coffea\" plant.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The genus \"Coffea\" is native to tropical Africa (specifically having its origin in Ethiopia and Sudan) and Madagascar, the Comoros, Mauritius, and Réunion in the Indian Ocean.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The plant was exported from Africa to countries around the world.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee plants are now cultivated in over 70 countries, primarily in the equatorial regions of the Americas, Southeast Asia, India, and Africa.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The two most commonly grown are the highly regarded arabica, and the less sophisticated but stronger and hardier robusta.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ Caffeine is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant of the methylxanthine class.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ It is the world's most widely consumed psychoactive drug.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ Unlike many other psychoactive substances, it is legal and unregulated in nearly all parts of the world.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ There are several known mechanisms of action to explain the effects of caffeine.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ The most prominent is that it reversibly blocks the action of adenosine on its receptor and consequently prevents the onset of drowsiness induced by adenosine.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ Caffeine also stimulates certain portions of the autonomic nervous system.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ Caffeine is a bitter, white crystalline purine, a methylxanthine alkaloid, and is chemically related to the adenine and guanine bases of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA).", "History of coffee __knowledge__ The origin and history of coffee dates back to the 10th century, and possibly earlier with a number of reports and legends surrounding its first use.", "History of coffee __knowledge__ The native (undomesticated) origin of coffee is thought to have been Ethiopia.", "History of coffee __knowledge__ The earliest substantiated evidence of either coffee drinking or knowledge of the coffee tree is from the 15th century, in the Sufi monasteries of Yemen.", "History of coffee __knowledge__ By the 16th century, it had reached the rest of the Middle East, South India (Coorg), Persia, Turkey, Horn of Africa, and northern Africa.", "History of coffee __knowledge__ Coffee then spread to the Balkans, Italy and to the rest of Europe, to South East Asia and then to America.", "List of coffee drinks __knowledge__ Coffee drinks are made by brewing hot water (or much less commonly, cold water) with ground coffee beans.", "List of coffee drinks __knowledge__ The brewing is either done slowly by drip or filter, French press or \"cafetière\", percolator, etc., or done very quickly under pressure by an espresso machine, where the coffee is termed \"espresso\"—slow-brewed coffees are generally regarded simply as \"coffee\".", "List of coffee drinks __knowledge__ All coffee drinks are based on either coffee or espresso, in different strengths; some drinks have milk or cream added, some use steamed milk, cream, plant based milk, or foamed milk, some have flavorings or sweeteners, some have alcoholic liqueurs added, some are combinations of coffee with espresso or tea.", "Coffeehouse __knowledge__ A coffeehouse, coffee shop or café (sometimes spelled cafe) is an establishment which primarily serves hot coffee, related coffee beverages (e.g., café latte, cappuccino, espresso), tea, and other hot beverages.", "Coffeehouse __knowledge__ Some coffeehouses also serve cold beverages such as iced coffee and iced tea.", "Coffeehouse __knowledge__ Many cafés also serve some type of food, such as light snacks, muffins or pastries.", "Coffeehouse __knowledge__ Coffeehouses range from owner-operated small businesses to large multinational corporations.", "Coffeehouse __knowledge__ In continental Europe, cafés often serve alcoholic beverages and light food, but elsewhere the term \"café\" may also refer to a tea room, \"greasy spoon\" (a small and inexpensive restaurant, colloquially called a \"caff\"), transport café, or other casual eating and drinking place.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Various characters appeared in the sitcom \"Friends\", which aired for ten seasons on NBC from 1994 to 2004.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ It featured six main cast members: Rachel Green (Jennifer Aniston), Phoebe Buffay (Lisa Kudrow), Joey Tribbiani (Matt LeBlanc), Chandler Bing (Matthew Perry), Ross Geller (David Schwimmer) and Monica Geller (Courteney Cox).", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Many celebrities guest starred on the series throughout its ten-year run.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ The main cast members were familiar to television viewers before their roles on \"Friends\", but were not considered to be stars.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Series creator David Crane wanted all six characters to be equally prominent, and the series was lauded as being \"the first true 'ensemble' show\".", "Architecture of Seattle __knowledge__ The architecture of Seattle, largest city of the US Pacific Northwest, includes aspects that predate the mid-nineteenth century arrival of the area's first settlers of European ancestry, and has reflected and influenced numerous architectural styles over time.", "Architecture of Seattle __knowledge__ As of 2015, a major construction boom continues to reconfigure Seattle's Downtown, as well as neighborhoods such as Capitol Hill, Ballard and, perhaps most dramatically, South Lake Union.", "Architecture of Seattle __knowledge__ Prior to the arrival of European settlers in the Puget Sound area, the largest building in the Salish Sea region was Old Man House, a longhouse roughly northwest of Downtown Seattle near the present-day town of Suquamish.", "Starbucks Workers Union __knowledge__ The Starbucks Workers Union is a union formed by the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) to organize retail employees of Starbucks.", "Starbucks Workers Union __knowledge__ The union has members at Starbucks locations in New York City; Chicago; Grand Rapids, Michigan; Cincinnati; Quebec City; Bloomington, Minnesota, and Omaha, Nebraska.", "Starbucks Workers Union __knowledge__ On May 17, 2004, Starbucks's workers at the 36th and Madison store in midtown Manhattan organized the first Starbucks barista union in the United States.", "Starbucks Workers Union __knowledge__ The union drive had its origins in barista's complaints that a starting wage of $7.75 an hour was not a living wage in New York City and that Starbucks refused to guarantee regularity of hours per week.", "Howard Schultz __knowledge__ Howard Schultz (born July 19, 1953) is an American businessman.", "Howard Schultz __knowledge__ He is executive chairman of Starbucks and a former owner of the Seattle SuperSonics.", "Howard Schultz __knowledge__ He was a member of the Board of Directors at Square, Inc.", "Howard Schultz __knowledge__ In 1998, Schultz co-founded Maveron, an investment group, with Dan Levitan.", "Howard Schultz __knowledge__ In 2016, \"Forbes\" magazine ranked Schultz as the 232nd richest person in the United States, with a net worth of $2.9 billion as of September 2016.", "Howard Schultz __knowledge__ On December 1, 2016, Schultz announced his resignation as CEO of Starbucks, effective April 2017.", "Howard Schultz __knowledge__ He is executive chairman, with Kevin Johnson as the new CEO.", "Howard Schultz __knowledge__ Schultz was born to a Jewish family on July 19, 1953 in Brooklyn, New York, the son of ex-United States Army trooper and then truck driver Fred Schultz, and his wife, Elaine (Lederman).", "Seattle's Best Coffee __knowledge__ Seattle's Best Coffee LLC, an American coffee retailer and wholesaler, based in Seattle, Washington.", "Seattle's Best Coffee __knowledge__ Since 2003, they have been a subsidiary of American coffeehouse chain Starbucks.", "Seattle's Best Coffee __knowledge__ Seattle's Best Coffee has retail stores and grocery sub-stores in 20 states and provinces and the District of Columbia.", "Seattle's Best Coffee __knowledge__ Sub-stores can also be found within many other businesses and college campuses, including JCPenney, Subway restaurants.", "Seattle's Best Coffee __knowledge__ Seattle's Best Coffee is generally cheaper than that of its parent, and is marketed as more of a working class coffee compared to the upmarket Starbucks.", "Seattle's Best Coffee __knowledge__ Seattle's Best Coffee began as a combination ice cream and coffee shop called the Wet Whisker in Coupeville on Whidbey Island, northwest of Seattle, Washington in 1969.", "Coffee in Seattle __knowledge__ Seattle is regarded as a world center for coffee roasting and coffee supply chain management.", "Coffee in Seattle __knowledge__ Related to this, many Seattle-area people are coffee enthusiasts and they maintain a coffee culture in Seattle's many coffeehouses.", "Coffee in Seattle __knowledge__ People in Seattle consume more coffee than in any other American city; one study stated that there are 35 coffeeshops per 100,000 residents and that Seattle people spend an average of $36 a month on coffee.", "Coffee in Seattle __knowledge__ It is nearly impossible to walk past a single block in a commercial area in Seattle without walking past at least one coffee shop.", "Coffee in Seattle __knowledge__ Coffee drinkers can get coffee at a local sidewalk stand, parking lot, tiny coffee houses, big coffee houses, drive-through, and even delivery.", "Tata Starbucks __knowledge__ TATA Starbucks Private Limited, formerly known as Tata Starbucks Limited, is a 50:50 joint venture company, owned by Tata Global Beverages and Starbucks Corporation, that owns and operates Starbucks outlets in India.", "Tata Starbucks __knowledge__ The outlets are branded \"Starbucks \"A Tata Alliance\"\".", "Tata Starbucks __knowledge__ In January 2011, Starbucks Corporation and Tata Coffee announced plans to begin opening Starbucks locations in India.", "Tata Starbucks __knowledge__ Despite a false start in 2007, in January 2012 Starbucks finally announced a 50:50 joint venture with Tata Global Beverages, called Tata Starbucks Ltd., which would own and operate outlets branded \"Starbucks, A Tata Alliance\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Starbucks Corporation is an American coffee company and coffeehouse chain.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Starbucks was founded in Seattle, Washington in 1971.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ As of November 2016, it operates 23,768 locations worldwide.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Starbucks is considered the main representative of \"second wave coffee\", initially distinguishing itself from other coffee-serving venues in the US by taste, quality, and customer experience while popularizing darkly roasted coffee.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Since the 2000s, third wave coffee makers have targeted quality-minded coffee drinkers with hand-made coffee based on lighter roasts, while Starbucks nowadays uses automated espresso machines for efficiency and safety reasons.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Starbucks locations serve hot and cold drinks, whole-bean coffee, microground instant coffee known as VIA, espresso, caffe latte, full- and loose-leaf teas including Teavana tea products, Evolution Fresh juices, Frappuccino beverages, La Boulange pastries, and snacks including items such as chips and crackers; some offerings (including their annual fall launch of the Pumpkin Spice Latte) are seasonal or specific to the locality of the store.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Many stores sell pre-packaged food items, hot and cold sandwiches, and drinkware including mugs and tumblers; select \"Starbucks Evenings\" locations offer beer, wine, and appetizers.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Women's rights in Saudi Arabia __knowledge__ Women's rights in Saudi Arabia are limited in comparison to the rights of women in many of its neighbors.", "Women's rights in Saudi Arabia __knowledge__ The World Economic Forum's 2016 Global Gender Gap Report ranked Saudi Arabia 141 out of 144 countries for gender parity, down from 134 out of 145 in 2015.", "Women's rights in Saudi Arabia __knowledge__ The United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) elected Saudi Arabia to the U.N. Commission on the Status of Women for 2018–2022.", "Women's rights in Saudi Arabia __knowledge__ Women in Saudi Arabia constituted 13% of the country's native workforce as of 2015.", "Women's rights in Saudi Arabia __knowledge__ However, the status of women has changed in recent decades.", "Women's rights in Saudi Arabia __knowledge__ Women were previously forbidden from voting in all elections or being elected to any political office, but in 2011 King Abdullah let women vote in the 2015 local elections, as well as to be appointed to the Consultative Assembly.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee is a brewed drink prepared from roasted coffee beans, which are the seeds of berries from the \"Coffea\" plant.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The genus \"Coffea\" is native to tropical Africa (specifically having its origin in Ethiopia and Sudan) and Madagascar, the Comoros, Mauritius, and Réunion in the Indian Ocean.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The plant was exported from Africa to countries around the world.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee plants are now cultivated in over 70 countries, primarily in the equatorial regions of the Americas, Southeast Asia, India, and Africa.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The two most commonly grown are the highly regarded arabica, and the less sophisticated but stronger and hardier robusta.", "Espresso __knowledge__ Espresso (, , lit.", "Espresso __knowledge__ \"expressed\" from \"esprimere\", \"to express\" or \"to force out\") is coffee brewed by expressing or forcing out a small amount of nearly boiling water under pressure through finely ground coffee beans.", "Espresso __knowledge__ Espresso is generally thicker than coffee brewed by other methods, has a higher concentration of suspended and dissolved solids, and has \"crema\" on top (a foam with a creamy consistency).", "Espresso __knowledge__ As a result of the pressurized brewing process, the flavors and chemicals in a typical cup of espresso are very concentrated.", "Espresso __knowledge__ Espresso is also the base for other drinks such as a caffè latte, cappuccino, caffè macchiato, caffè mocha, flat white, or caffè Americano.", "Espresso machine __knowledge__ An espresso machine brews coffee by forcing pressurized water near boiling point through a \"puck\" of ground coffee and a filter in order to produce a thick, concentrated coffee called espresso.", "Espresso machine __knowledge__ The first machine for making espresso was built and patented in 1884 by Angelo Moriondo of Turin, Italy.", "Espresso machine __knowledge__ An improved design was patented on April 28, 1903, by Luigi Bezzera.", "Espresso machine __knowledge__ Patent no: US726793 A, which was bought by the founder of the La Pavoni company which from 1905 produced espresso machines commercially on a small scale in Milan.", "Espresso machine __knowledge__ Multiple machine designs have been created to produce espresso.", "Espresso machine __knowledge__ Several machines share some common elements, such as a grouphead and a portafilter.", "Third wave of coffee __knowledge__ The third wave of coffee is a movement to produce high-quality coffee, and consider coffee as an artisanal foodstuff, like wine, rather than a commodity.", "Third wave of coffee __knowledge__ This involves improvements at all stages of production, from improving coffee plant growing, harvesting, and processing, to stronger relationships between coffee growers, traders, and roasters, to higher quality and fresh roasting, at times called \"microroasting\" (by analogy with microbrew beer), to skilled brewing.", "Third wave of coffee __knowledge__ Third wave coffee aspires to the highest form of culinary appreciation of coffee, so that one may appreciate subtleties of flavor, varietal, and growing region – similar to other complex consumable plant-derived products such as wine, tea, and chocolate.", "Cappuccino __knowledge__ A cappuccino (; ) italian plural cappuccini, is an Italian coffee drink that is traditionally prepared with double espresso, and steamed milk foam.", "Cappuccino __knowledge__ Variations of the drink involve the use of cream instead of milk, and flavoring with cinnamon or chocolate powder.", "Cappuccino __knowledge__ It is typically smaller in volume than a caffè latte, with a thicker layer of micro foam.", "Cappuccino __knowledge__ The name comes from the Capuchin friars, referring to the colour of their habits, and in this context referring to the colour of the beverage when milk is added in small portion to dark, brewed coffee (today mostly espresso).", "Cappuccino __knowledge__ The physical appearance of a modern cappuccino with espresso créma and steamed milk is a result of a long evolution of the drink.", "List of coffee drinks __knowledge__ Coffee drinks are made by brewing hot water (or much less commonly, cold water) with ground coffee beans.", "List of coffee drinks __knowledge__ The brewing is either done slowly by drip or filter, French press or \"cafetière\", percolator, etc., or done very quickly under pressure by an espresso machine, where the coffee is termed \"espresso\"—slow-brewed coffees are generally regarded simply as \"coffee\".", "List of coffee drinks __knowledge__ All coffee drinks are based on either coffee or espresso, in different strengths; some drinks have milk or cream added, some use steamed milk, cream, plant based milk, or foamed milk, some have flavorings or sweeteners, some have alcoholic liqueurs added, some are combinations of coffee with espresso or tea." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Starbucks Corporation is an American coffee company and coffeehouse chain.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Starbucks was founded in Seattle, Washington in 1971.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ As of November 2016, it operates 23,768 locations worldwide.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Starbucks is considered the main representative of \"second wave coffee\", initially distinguishing itself from other coffee-serving venues in the US by taste, quality, and customer experience while popularizing darkly roasted coffee.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Since the 2000s, third wave coffee makers have targeted quality-minded coffee drinkers with hand-made coffee based on lighter roasts, while Starbucks nowadays uses automated espresso machines for efficiency and safety reasons.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Starbucks locations serve hot and cold drinks, whole-bean coffee, microground instant coffee known as VIA, espresso, caffe latte, full- and loose-leaf teas including Teavana tea products, Evolution Fresh juices, Frappuccino beverages, La Boulange pastries, and snacks including items such as chips and crackers; some offerings (including their annual fall launch of the Pumpkin Spice Latte) are seasonal or specific to the locality of the store.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Many stores sell pre-packaged food items, hot and cold sandwiches, and drinkware including mugs and tumblers; select \"Starbucks Evenings\" locations offer beer, wine, and appetizers.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee is a brewed drink prepared from roasted coffee beans, which are the seeds of berries from the \"Coffea\" plant.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The genus \"Coffea\" is native to tropical Africa (specifically having its origin in Ethiopia and Sudan) and Madagascar, the Comoros, Mauritius, and Réunion in the Indian Ocean.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The plant was exported from Africa to countries around the world.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee plants are now cultivated in over 70 countries, primarily in the equatorial regions of the Americas, Southeast Asia, India, and Africa.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The two most commonly grown are the highly regarded arabica, and the less sophisticated but stronger and hardier robusta.", "Second Transjordan attack on Shunet Nimrin and Es Salt __knowledge__ The Second Transjordan attack on Shunet Nimrin and Es Salt, officially known by the British as the Second action of Es Salt and by others as the Second Battle of the Jordan, was fought east of the Jordan River between 30 April and 4 May 1918, during the Sinai and Palestine Campaign of the First World War.", "Second Transjordan attack on Shunet Nimrin and Es Salt __knowledge__ The battle followed the failure of the First Transjordan attack on Amman fought at the beginning April.", "Second Transjordan attack on Shunet Nimrin and Es Salt __knowledge__ During this second attack across the Jordan River, fighting occurred in three main areas.", "Second Transjordan attack on Shunet Nimrin and Es Salt __knowledge__ The first area in the Jordan Valley between Jisr ed Damieh and Umm esh Shert the Egyptian Expeditionary Force (EEF) defended their advanced position against an attack by units of the Seventh Army based in the Nablus region of the Judean Hills.", "Espresso __knowledge__ Espresso (, , lit.", "Espresso __knowledge__ \"expressed\" from \"esprimere\", \"to express\" or \"to force out\") is coffee brewed by expressing or forcing out a small amount of nearly boiling water under pressure through finely ground coffee beans.", "Espresso __knowledge__ Espresso is generally thicker than coffee brewed by other methods, has a higher concentration of suspended and dissolved solids, and has \"crema\" on top (a foam with a creamy consistency).", "Espresso __knowledge__ As a result of the pressurized brewing process, the flavors and chemicals in a typical cup of espresso are very concentrated.", "Espresso __knowledge__ Espresso is also the base for other drinks such as a caffè latte, cappuccino, caffè macchiato, caffè mocha, flat white, or caffè Americano.", "List of coffee drinks __knowledge__ Coffee drinks are made by brewing hot water (or much less commonly, cold water) with ground coffee beans.", "List of coffee drinks __knowledge__ The brewing is either done slowly by drip or filter, French press or \"cafetière\", percolator, etc., or done very quickly under pressure by an espresso machine, where the coffee is termed \"espresso\"—slow-brewed coffees are generally regarded simply as \"coffee\".", "List of coffee drinks __knowledge__ All coffee drinks are based on either coffee or espresso, in different strengths; some drinks have milk or cream added, some use steamed milk, cream, plant based milk, or foamed milk, some have flavorings or sweeteners, some have alcoholic liqueurs added, some are combinations of coffee with espresso or tea.", "History of coffee __knowledge__ The origin and history of coffee dates back to the 10th century, and possibly earlier with a number of reports and legends surrounding its first use.", "History of coffee __knowledge__ The native (undomesticated) origin of coffee is thought to have been Ethiopia.", "History of coffee __knowledge__ The earliest substantiated evidence of either coffee drinking or knowledge of the coffee tree is from the 15th century, in the Sufi monasteries of Yemen.", "History of coffee __knowledge__ By the 16th century, it had reached the rest of the Middle East, South India (Coorg), Persia, Turkey, Horn of Africa, and northern Africa.", "History of coffee __knowledge__ Coffee then spread to the Balkans, Italy and to the rest of Europe, to South East Asia and then to America.", "Coffeehouse __knowledge__ A coffeehouse, coffee shop or café (sometimes spelled cafe) is an establishment which primarily serves hot coffee, related coffee beverages (e.g., café latte, cappuccino, espresso), tea, and other hot beverages.", "Coffeehouse __knowledge__ Some coffeehouses also serve cold beverages such as iced coffee and iced tea.", "Coffeehouse __knowledge__ Many cafés also serve some type of food, such as light snacks, muffins or pastries.", "Coffeehouse __knowledge__ Coffeehouses range from owner-operated small businesses to large multinational corporations.", "Coffeehouse __knowledge__ In continental Europe, cafés often serve alcoholic beverages and light food, but elsewhere the term \"café\" may also refer to a tea room, \"greasy spoon\" (a small and inexpensive restaurant, colloquially called a \"caff\"), transport café, or other casual eating and drinking place.", "Espresso machine __knowledge__ An espresso machine brews coffee by forcing pressurized water near boiling point through a \"puck\" of ground coffee and a filter in order to produce a thick, concentrated coffee called espresso.", "Espresso machine __knowledge__ The first machine for making espresso was built and patented in 1884 by Angelo Moriondo of Turin, Italy.", "Espresso machine __knowledge__ An improved design was patented on April 28, 1903, by Luigi Bezzera.", "Espresso machine __knowledge__ Patent no: US726793 A, which was bought by the founder of the La Pavoni company which from 1905 produced espresso machines commercially on a small scale in Milan.", "Espresso machine __knowledge__ Multiple machine designs have been created to produce espresso.", "Espresso machine __knowledge__ Several machines share some common elements, such as a grouphead and a portafilter.", "Coffee preparation __knowledge__ Coffee preparation is the process of turning coffee beans into a beverage.", "Coffee preparation __knowledge__ While the particular steps vary with the type of coffee and with the raw materials, the process includes four basic steps: raw coffee beans must be roasted, the roasted coffee beans must then be ground, the ground coffee must then be mixed with hot water for a certain time (brewed), and finally the liquid coffee must be separated from the used grounds.", "Coffee preparation __knowledge__ Coffee is usually brewed immediately before drinking.", "Coffee preparation __knowledge__ In most areas, coffee may be purchased unprocessed, or already roasted, or already roasted and ground.", "Coffee preparation __knowledge__ Coffee is often vacuum packed to prevent oxidation and lengthen its shelf life.", "Coffee extraction __knowledge__ Coffee extraction is the process of dissolving soluble flavors from coffee grounds in water.", "Coffee extraction __knowledge__ Proper brewing of coffee requires using the quantity of coffee, ground precisely, extracted to the correct degree, controlled by the correct time and correct temperature.", "Coffee extraction __knowledge__ Specialized vocabulary and guidelines exist to discuss coffee extraction, primarily various \"ratios,\" which are used to optimally brew coffee.", "Coffee extraction __knowledge__ The key concepts are: These are related as follows: which can be analyzed as the following identity: A subtler issue is \"which\" solubles are dissolved – this depends on solubility of different substances at different temperatures, changes over the course of extraction (different substances are extracted during the first 1% of extraction than in the period from 19% extraction to 20% extraction), and is primarily affected by \"temperature.\"", "Brewing __knowledge__ Brewing is the production of beer by steeping a starch source (commonly cereal grains, the most popular of which is barley) in water and fermenting the resulting sweet liquid with yeast.", "Brewing __knowledge__ It may be done in a brewery by a commercial brewer, at home by a homebrewer, or by a variety of traditional methods such as communally by the indigenous peoples in Brazil when making cauim.", "Brewing __knowledge__ Brewing has taken place since around the 6th millennium BC, and archaeological evidence suggests that emerging civilizations including ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia brewed beer.", "Brewing __knowledge__ Since the nineteenth century the brewing industry has been part of most western economies." ] ]

[ 2, 5, 38, 3 ]

[ "I am so grateful for the founder of Starbucks. It had its beginnings in Seattle near where I live.", "Starbucks uses automated espresso machines unlike their competitors who focus on lighter roasts.", "Yes, it is the brewing process that makes the espresso very concentrated. I absolutely love it though.", "The US has over 23,000 Starbucks locations because of us caffeine hungry Americans." ]

[ "Starbucks", "Starbucks", "Starbucks", "Starbucks" ]

[ "Gary Numan", "Who is Gary Numan? I have no idea.", "I see, what are some popular songs of his?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Gary Numan __knowledge__ Gary Anthony James Webb (born 8 March 1958), known professionally as Gary Numan, is an English singer, songwriter, composer, musician and record producer.", "Gary Numan __knowledge__ Born in Hammersmith, West London, he first entered the music industry as lead singer of the new wave band Tubeway Army.", "Gary Numan __knowledge__ After releasing two albums with the band, Numan released his debut solo album \"The Pleasure Principle\" in 1979.", "Gary Numan __knowledge__ With number-one singles \"Are 'Friends' Electric?\"", "Gary Numan __knowledge__ and \"Cars\", Numan achieved his peak of mainstream popularity in the late 1970s and early 1980s, but maintains a cult following.", "Gary Numan __knowledge__ His signature sound consists of heavy synthesiser hooks fed through guitar effects pedals, and he is considered a pioneer of commercial electronic music.", "Gary Numan __knowledge__ Numan is also known for his distinctive voice and androgynous \"android\" persona.", "Gary Numan __knowledge__ In 2017 he received an Ivor Novello Award, the Inspiration Award, from the British Academy of Songwriters, Composers and Authors.", "Gary Numan __knowledge__ Gary Anthony James Webb was born on 8 March 1958 in Hammersmith, West London, the son of a British Airways bus driver based at Heathrow Airport.", "Gary Numan __knowledge__ He was educated at Town Farm Junior School in Stanwell, Surrey, Ashford County Grammar School, then Slough Grammar School in Berkshire, followed by Brooklands Technical College in Surrey." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Gary Numan __knowledge__ Gary Anthony James Webb (born 8 March 1958), known professionally as Gary Numan, is an English singer, songwriter, composer, musician and record producer.", "Gary Numan __knowledge__ Born in Hammersmith, West London, he first entered the music industry as lead singer of the new wave band Tubeway Army.", "Gary Numan __knowledge__ After releasing two albums with the band, Numan released his debut solo album \"The Pleasure Principle\" in 1979.", "Gary Numan __knowledge__ With number-one singles \"Are 'Friends' Electric?\"", "Gary Numan __knowledge__ and \"Cars\", Numan achieved his peak of mainstream popularity in the late 1970s and early 1980s, but maintains a cult following.", "Gary Numan __knowledge__ His signature sound consists of heavy synthesiser hooks fed through guitar effects pedals, and he is considered a pioneer of commercial electronic music.", "Gary Numan __knowledge__ Numan is also known for his distinctive voice and androgynous \"android\" persona.", "Gary Numan __knowledge__ In 2017 he received an Ivor Novello Award, the Inspiration Award, from the British Academy of Songwriters, Composers and Authors.", "Gary Numan __knowledge__ Gary Anthony James Webb was born on 8 March 1958 in Hammersmith, West London, the son of a British Airways bus driver based at Heathrow Airport.", "Gary Numan __knowledge__ He was educated at Town Farm Junior School in Stanwell, Surrey, Ashford County Grammar School, then Slough Grammar School in Berkshire, followed by Brooklands Technical College in Surrey.", "Warriors (Gary Numan album) __knowledge__ Warriors is the fifth solo studio album by English musician Gary Numan, originally released in September 1983.", "Warriors (Gary Numan album) __knowledge__ It was his last studio album released on Beggars Banquet Records.", "Warriors (Gary Numan album) __knowledge__ Gary Numan returned to England in May 1983 to record the album.", "Warriors (Gary Numan album) __knowledge__ He had written most of the album's material in late 1982-early 1983, while he was living in Jersey, Channel Islands (after spending a few months in Los Angeles, California as a tax exile).", "Warriors (Gary Numan album) __knowledge__ While Numan was working on the early \"Warriors\" material, Beggars Banquet suggested that, for the first time during his career, he should use a co-producer instead of producing the album entirely by himself (this was initially suggested by the label for Numan's previous album \"I, Assassin\", a suggestion Numan refused at the time).", "Cars (song) __knowledge__ \"Cars\" is a song by English musician Gary Numan.", "Cars (song) __knowledge__ His debut single, it was released as the lead single from his debut studio album, \"The Pleasure Principle\" (1979), on 21 August 1979.", "Cars (song) __knowledge__ It reached the top of the charts in several countries, and today is considered a new wave staple.", "Cars (song) __knowledge__ The song was the first release credited solely to Gary Numan after he dropped the band name Tubeway Army, under which name he had released four singles and two LPs, including the number one UK hit \"Are 'Friends' Electric?", "Cars (song) __knowledge__ \", and its parent album, \"Replicas\".", "Cars (song) __knowledge__ Musically, the new song was somewhat lighter and more pop-oriented than its predecessors, Numan later conceding that he had chart success in mind: \"This was the first time I had written a song with the intention of 'maybe it could be a hit single'; I was writing this before 'Are \"Friends\" Electric?'", "Automatic (Sharpe & Numan album) __knowledge__ Automatic is a 1989 album released by Sharpe & Numan (a collaboration between Gary Numan and jazz keyboardist/producer Bill Sharpe, member of the jazz fusion group Shakatak).", "Automatic (Sharpe & Numan album) __knowledge__ \"Automatic\" was an attempt to recapture the success of Sharpe & Numan's collaboration single \"Change Your Mind\", which reached number 17 in the UK charts in 1985.", "Automatic (Sharpe & Numan album) __knowledge__ Although \"Change Your Mind\" was initially supposed to be a one-off single, Numan recalled that \"the whole experience was great fun and Bill and I left the door open for more work together.\"", "Automatic (Sharpe & Numan album) __knowledge__ However, Numan was ambivalent about recording a Sharpe + Numan album: Numan wrote the majority of the song lyrics on \"Automatic\" and performed the lead vocals, however, he did not contribute to the writing of the album's music.", "Pure (Gary Numan album) __knowledge__ Pure is the fourteenth solo studio album by English musician Gary Numan, released in November 2000 by Eagle Records.", "Pure (Gary Numan album) __knowledge__ Lyrically, \"Pure\" was seen as continuing the composer’s attacks on Christian dogma but in a somewhat more personal fashion than on \"Exile\".", "Pure (Gary Numan album) __knowledge__ The recording featured an expanded group of collaborators after the largely one-man efforts of \"Sacrifice\" (1994) and \"Exile\".", "Pure (Gary Numan album) __knowledge__ The Sulpher team of Rob Holliday and Monti contributed guitar and drums, respectively, as well as keyboards and additional production.", "Pure (Gary Numan album) __knowledge__ The opening/title song was typical of most tracks on the album, beginning with ethereal strings and piano effects that gave way to an industrial metal guitar riff before breaking into a thunderous chorus.", "The Pleasure Principle (Gary Numan album) __knowledge__ The Pleasure Principle is the debut solo studio album by English musician Gary Numan.", "The Pleasure Principle (Gary Numan album) __knowledge__ Released about six months after \"Replicas\" (1979), the third album with his band Tubeway Army, \"The Pleasure Principle\" peaked at number 1 in the United Kingdom.", "The Pleasure Principle (Gary Numan album) __knowledge__ \"The Pleasure Principle\" has been described as featuring synth-pop and new wave throughout.", "The Pleasure Principle (Gary Numan album) __knowledge__ Numan completely abandoned guitars on the album.", "The Pleasure Principle (Gary Numan album) __knowledge__ This change, coupled with frequent use of synthetic percussion, produced the most purely electronic and robotic sound of his career.", "The Pleasure Principle (Gary Numan album) __knowledge__ In addition to the Minimoog synthesizer employed on his previous album, Numan made liberal use of the Polymoog keyboard, particularly its distinctive \"Vox Humana\" preset.", "Berserker (Gary Numan album) __knowledge__ Berserker is the sixth solo studio album by English musician Gary Numan, released in 1984.", "Berserker (Gary Numan album) __knowledge__ It was his first album to be released under Numan's own record label, Numa Records.", "Berserker (Gary Numan album) __knowledge__ Numan's contract with his previous record label Beggars Banquet had ended with the release of \"Warriors\", and disillusioned with record companies, Numan decided to create his own record label, Numa Records, in order to give himself full control over his recordings, production work and marketing.", "Berserker (Gary Numan album) __knowledge__ Freed from demands of an outside record company, Numan could take the music on his new album into a new and harder direction.", "Berserker (Gary Numan album) __knowledge__ The album was named after a series of science-fiction novels by Fred Saberhagen, which Numan had read at school." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Gary Numan __knowledge__ Gary Anthony James Webb (born 8 March 1958), known professionally as Gary Numan, is an English singer, songwriter, composer, musician and record producer.", "Gary Numan __knowledge__ Born in Hammersmith, West London, he first entered the music industry as lead singer of the new wave band Tubeway Army.", "Gary Numan __knowledge__ After releasing two albums with the band, Numan released his debut solo album \"The Pleasure Principle\" in 1979.", "Gary Numan __knowledge__ With number-one singles \"Are 'Friends' Electric?\"", "Gary Numan __knowledge__ and \"Cars\", Numan achieved his peak of mainstream popularity in the late 1970s and early 1980s, but maintains a cult following.", "Gary Numan __knowledge__ His signature sound consists of heavy synthesiser hooks fed through guitar effects pedals, and he is considered a pioneer of commercial electronic music.", "Gary Numan __knowledge__ Numan is also known for his distinctive voice and androgynous \"android\" persona.", "Gary Numan __knowledge__ In 2017 he received an Ivor Novello Award, the Inspiration Award, from the British Academy of Songwriters, Composers and Authors.", "Gary Numan __knowledge__ Gary Anthony James Webb was born on 8 March 1958 in Hammersmith, West London, the son of a British Airways bus driver based at Heathrow Airport.", "Gary Numan __knowledge__ He was educated at Town Farm Junior School in Stanwell, Surrey, Ashford County Grammar School, then Slough Grammar School in Berkshire, followed by Brooklands Technical College in Surrey.", "Sea shanty __knowledge__ A sea shanty, chantey, or chanty is a type of work song that was once commonly sung to accompany labor on board large merchant sailing vessels.", "Sea shanty __knowledge__ The term \"shanty\" most accurately refers to a specific style of work song belonging to this historical repertoire.", "Sea shanty __knowledge__ However, in recent, popular usage, the scope of its definition is sometimes expanded to admit a wider range of repertoire and characteristics, or to refer to a \"maritime work song\" in general.", "Sea shanty __knowledge__ Of uncertain etymological origin, the word \"shanty\" emerged in the mid-19th century in reference to an appreciably distinct genre of work song, developed especially in American-style merchant vessels that had come to prominence in decades prior to the American Civil War.", "Mandopop __knowledge__ Mandopop refers to Mandarin popular music.", "Mandopop __knowledge__ The English term was coined around 1980 soon after \"Cantopop\" became a popular term for describing popular songs in Cantonese; \"Mandopop\" was used to describe Mandarin-language popular songs of that time, some of which were versions of Cantopop songs sung by the same singers with different lyrics to suit the different rhyme and tonal patterns of Mandarin.", "Mandopop __knowledge__ It is now used as a general term to describe popular songs performed in Mandarin.", "Mandopop __knowledge__ Mandopop is categorized as a subgenre of commercial Chinese-language music within C-pop.", "Mandopop __knowledge__ Mandopop was the first variety of popular music in Chinese to establish itself as a viable industry.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ The music of the United States reflects the country's multi-ethnic population through a diverse array of styles.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ It is a mixture of music influenced by West African, Irish, Scottish and mainland European among others.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ The country's most internationally renowned genres are jazz, blues, country, bluegrass, rock, rhythm and blues, soul, ragtime, hip hop, barbershop, pop, experimental, techno, house, dance, boogaloo, salsa, and rock and roll.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ The United States has the world's largest music market with a total retail value of 4,898.3 million dollars in 2014, and its music is heard around the world.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ Since the beginning of the 20th century, some forms of American popular music have gained a near global audience.", "History of music in Paris __knowledge__ The city of Paris has been an important center for European music since the Middle Ages.", "History of music in Paris __knowledge__ It was noted for its choral music in the 12th century, for its role in the development of ballet during the Renaissance, in the 19th century it became famous for its music halls and cabarets, and in the 20th century for the first performances of the Ballets Russes, its jazz clubs, and its part in the development of serial music.", "History of music in Paris __knowledge__ Paris has been home to many important composers, to name a few: Jean-Baptiste Lully, Jean-Philippe Rameau, Christoph Willibald Gluck, Niccolò Piccinni, Frédéric Chopin, Franz Liszt, Jacques Offenbach, Georges Bizet, Claude Debussy, Maurice Ravel, Hector Berlioz, Paul Dukas, Gabriel Fauré, César Franck, Charles Gounod, Jules Massenet, Vincent d'Indy, Camille Saint-Saëns, Erik Satie, Igor Stravinsky, Sidney Bechet...", "Song __knowledge__ A song, most broadly, is a single (and often standalone) work of music that is typically intended to be sung by the human voice with distinct and fixed pitches and patterns using sound and silence and a variety of forms that often include the repetition of sections.", "Song __knowledge__ Written words created specifically for music or for which music is specifically created, are called lyrics.", "Song __knowledge__ If a pre-existing poem is set to composed music in classical music it is an art song.", "Song __knowledge__ Songs that are sung on repeated pitches without distinct contours and patterns that rise and fall are called chants.", "Song __knowledge__ Songs in a simple style that are learned informally are often referred to as folk songs.", "Country music __knowledge__ Country (or country and western) is a musical genre that originated in the southern United States in the early 1920s.", "Country music __knowledge__ It takes its roots from genres such as folk music (especially Appalachian folk music) and blues.", "Country music __knowledge__ Country music often consists of ballads and dance tunes with generally simple forms, folk lyric and harmonies accompanied by mostly string instruments such as banjos, electric and acoustic guitars, steel guitars (such as pedal steels and dobros), and fiddles as well as harmonicas.", "Country music __knowledge__ Blues modes have been used extensively throughout its recorded history.", "Country music __knowledge__ According to Lindsey Starnes, the term \"country music\" gained popularity in the 1940s in preference to the earlier term \"hillbilly music\"; it came to encompass Western music, which evolved parallel to hillbilly music from similar roots, in the mid-20th century.", "Lata Mangeshkar __knowledge__ Lata Mangeshkar () (born 28 September 1929) is an Indian playback singer and occasional music composer.", "Lata Mangeshkar __knowledge__ She is the best-known and most respected playback singer in India.", "Lata Mangeshkar __knowledge__ She is referred to as the Nightingale of India and the Queen of Melody.", "Lata Mangeshkar __knowledge__ Mangeshkar's career started in 1942 and has spanned over seven decades.", "Lata Mangeshkar __knowledge__ She has recorded songs for over a thousand Hindi films and has sung songs in over thirty-six regional Indian languages and foreign languages, though primarily in Marathi and Hindi.", "Lata Mangeshkar __knowledge__ She is the recipient of three National Film Awards, 12 Bengal Film Journalists' Association Awards, four Filmfare Best Female Playback Awards, two Filmfare Special Awards, Filmfare Lifetime Achievement Award and many more.", "Tubeway Army __knowledge__ Tubeway Army were a London-based new wave and electronic band led by lead singer Gary Numan.", "Tubeway Army __knowledge__ They were the first band of the electronic era to have a synthesiser-based number-one hit, with their single \"Are 'Friends' Electric?\"", "Tubeway Army __knowledge__ and its parent album \"Replicas\" both topping the UK charts in mid-1979.", "Tubeway Army __knowledge__ After its release, Numan opted to drop the Tubeway Army name and release music under his own name as he was the sole songwriter, producer and public face of the band, but he retained the musicians from Tubeway Army as his backing band.", "Tubeway Army __knowledge__ Aged 18 years, Gary Webb had fronted London band Mean Street in 1976 (their song \"Bunch of Stiffs\" appeared on the \"Live at the Vortex\" compilation, and was the B-side of the \"Vortex\" 7\").", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk rock (or \"punk\") is a rock music genre that developed in the mid-1970s in the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Rooted in 1960s garage rock and other forms of what is now known as \"proto-punk\" music, punk rock bands rejected perceived excesses of mainstream 1970s rock.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk bands typically produced short or fast-paced songs, with hard-edged melodies and singing styles, stripped-down instrumentation, and often political, anti-establishment lyrics.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk embraces a DIY ethic; many bands self-produce recordings and distribute them through independent record labels and other informal channels.", "Rock music in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ British rock describes a wide variety of forms of music made in the United Kingdom.", "Rock music in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Since around 1964, with the \"British Invasion\" of the United States spearheaded by the Beatles, British rock music has had a considerable impact on the development of American music and rock music across the world.", "Rock music in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Initial attempts to emulate American rock and roll took place in Britain in the mid-1950s, but the terms \"rock music\" and \"rock\" usually refer to the music derived from the blues-rock and other genres that emerged during the 1960s.", "Rock music in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The term is often used in combination with other terms to describe a variety of hybrids or subgenres, and is often contrasted with pop music, with which it shares many structures and instrumentation.", "Replicas (album) __knowledge__ Replicas is the second and final studio album by English new wave band Tubeway Army, released in April 1979 by Beggars Banquet Records.", "Replicas (album) __knowledge__ It followed their self-titled debut from the previous year.", "Replicas (album) __knowledge__ After this, Tubeway Army frontman Gary Numan would continue to release records under his own name, though the musicians in Tubeway Army would continue to work with him for some time.", "Replicas (album) __knowledge__ \"Replicas\" was the first album of what Numan later termed the \"machine\" phase of his career, preceding \"The Pleasure Principle\" and \"Telekon\", a collection linked by common themes of a dystopian science fiction future and transmutation of man/machine, coupled with an androgynous image and a synthetic rock sound.", "New wave music __knowledge__ New wave is a genre of rock music popular in late 1970s and the 1980s with ties to mid-1970s punk rock.", "New wave music __knowledge__ New wave moved away from blues and rock and roll sounds to create pop music that incorporated disco, mod, and electronic music.", "New wave music __knowledge__ Initially new wave was similar to punk rock, before becoming a distinct genre.", "New wave music __knowledge__ It subsequently engendered subgenres and fusions, including synth-pop.", "New wave music __knowledge__ New wave differs from other movements with ties to first-wave punk as it displays characteristics common to pop music, rather than the more \"artsy\" post-punk.", "New wave music __knowledge__ Although it incorporates much of the original punk rock sound and ethos, new wave exhibits greater complexity in both music and lyrics.", "The Plan (Tubeway Army album) __knowledge__ The Plan is a retrospective album of early demo recordings by Tubeway Army (the band name originally used by Gary Numan) released in 1984.", "The Plan (Tubeway Army album) __knowledge__ The demos were originally recorded in 1978.", "The Plan (Tubeway Army album) __knowledge__ In the album's sleevenotes, Numan states that they were deliberately written and recorded in the then-popular punk rock style (clipped vocals, buzzsaw guitar mainly playing barre chords, bass and drums), with the express aim of securing a record deal.", "The Plan (Tubeway Army album) __knowledge__ Some of the songs on the album (such as \"Friends\", \"Something's In The House\" and \"My Shadow in Vain\") later became the basis for songs on the released debut album \"Tubeway Army\", automated with the synthesizer rock sound which would become the Tubeway Army/Numan trademark." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 5 ]

[ "Short people got no reason, but they still like Gary Numan, as do i.", "He is a musician and songwriter from Hammersmith, West London. He used to be the lead singer of the new wave band \"Tubeway Army' before going out on his own.", "His most famous song in the 1970's and 1980's was called \"Cars\". Since then, he has a cult following." ]

[ "Gary Numan", "Gary Numan", "Gary Numan" ]

[ "Sunday school", "Yes, i've never been in one but heard it can help pupils that are a little behind.", "Do you think it's a value added activity on a sunday?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sunday school __knowledge__ A Sunday school (also sometimes referred to as a Sabbath school) is a Christian educational institution, usually (but not always) catering to children and other young people.", "Sunday school __knowledge__ Many Seventh-day Adventists, Seventh Day Baptists, and other sabbatarian communities hold their Sabbath Schools on Saturdays.", "Sunday school __knowledge__ Sunday schools in England were first set up in the 1780s to provide education to working children.", "Sunday school __knowledge__ William King (see memorial in Dursley Tabernacle Church) first started a Sunday School in Dursley, Gloucestershire, and suggested to his friend Robert Raikes, that he start a similar school in Gloucester, resulting in Raikes being generally quoted as starting the schools as he was editor of the Gloucester Journal and wrote an article in his Journal resulting in many clergymen supporting it.", "Sunday school __knowledge__ It aimed to teach the youngsters reading, writing and cyphering (doing arithmetic) and a knowledge of the Bible.", "Sunday school __knowledge__ By 1785, 250,000 English children were attending Sunday School.", "Sunday school __knowledge__ There were 5,000 in Manchester alone.", "Sunday school __knowledge__ By 1895, the 'Society for the Establishment and Promotion of Sunday Schools' had distributed 91,915 spelling books, 24,232 Testaments and 5,360 Bibles.", "Sunday school __knowledge__ The Sunday School movement was cross-denominational, and through subscription built large buildings that could host public lectures as well as classrooms." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sunday school __knowledge__ A Sunday school (also sometimes referred to as a Sabbath school) is a Christian educational institution, usually (but not always) catering to children and other young people.", "Sunday school __knowledge__ Many Seventh-day Adventists, Seventh Day Baptists, and other sabbatarian communities hold their Sabbath Schools on Saturdays.", "Sunday school __knowledge__ Sunday schools in England were first set up in the 1780s to provide education to working children.", "Sunday school __knowledge__ William King (see memorial in Dursley Tabernacle Church) first started a Sunday School in Dursley, Gloucestershire, and suggested to his friend Robert Raikes, that he start a similar school in Gloucester, resulting in Raikes being generally quoted as starting the schools as he was editor of the Gloucester Journal and wrote an article in his Journal resulting in many clergymen supporting it.", "Sunday school __knowledge__ It aimed to teach the youngsters reading, writing and cyphering (doing arithmetic) and a knowledge of the Bible.", "Sunday school __knowledge__ By 1785, 250,000 English children were attending Sunday School.", "Sunday school __knowledge__ There were 5,000 in Manchester alone.", "Sunday school __knowledge__ By 1895, the 'Society for the Establishment and Promotion of Sunday Schools' had distributed 91,915 spelling books, 24,232 Testaments and 5,360 Bibles.", "Sunday school __knowledge__ The Sunday School movement was cross-denominational, and through subscription built large buildings that could host public lectures as well as classrooms.", "Mark Champkins __knowledge__ Mark Champkins (born 25 April 1977), is a product designer and the London Science Museum's first \"Inventor in Residence\".", "Mark Champkins __knowledge__ Champkins successfully participated in the BBC television show, \"Dragons' Den\", and received investment to launch his product ideas to help pupils to concentrate at school.", "Mark Champkins __knowledge__ Champkins studied Manufacturing Engineering at the University of Cambridge, and Industrial Design Engineering at the Royal College of Art (RCA) in London.", "Mark Champkins __knowledge__ He is a fellow of the Royal Society of Arts, and an Industrial Advisor to Cambridge University Engineering Department.", "Mark Champkins __knowledge__ Whilst at the RCA, Champkins designed a range of \"Self-Heating Crockery\" making use of the Phase Change Material Sodium Acetate Trihydrate.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters for the British television and radio sketch show \"Little Britain\" (and its American spin-off, \"Little Britain USA\").", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played By: David Walliams Appearances: Season 3 Alan works for the Donkey Hospice in the town of Achingballs.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ After contributors give him some money, he blatantly places stickers on embarrassing body parts, such as the genital region or breasts and on someone's rear in a deleted scene.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ He makes one appearance in Series 3.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played by: David Walliams Episodes: Radio Show; Season 1, episodes 4 and 5 Catchphrase: \"I love you Anne\" and \"I need you Anne\" Peter Andre is a royal BBC correspondent who gets sacked after first making surreal and false claims about the Royal Family (such as Prince Charles having magical powers, describing The Queen as \"The Main One\" and mistaking Princess Eugenie for her mother, Sarah, Duchess of York) and then expressing his love for Princess Anne through song.", "California v. Murray __knowledge__ The trial of Conrad Murray (People of the State of California v. Conrad Robert Murray) was the American criminal trial of Michael Jackson's personal physician, Conrad Murray, who was charged with involuntary manslaughter for the pop singer's death on June 25, 2009, from a massive overdose of the general anesthetic propofol.", "California v. Murray __knowledge__ The trial, which started on September 27, 2011, was held in the Los Angeles County Superior Court in Los Angeles, California, before Judge Michael Pastor and it was televised.", "California v. Murray __knowledge__ The prosecutors in the case (David Walgren and Deborah Brazil, both Los Angeles deputy district attorneys), in their opening statement, told jurors: \"misplaced trust in the hands of Murray cost Jackson his life\".", "Eton College __knowledge__ Eton College is an English independent boarding school for boys in Eton, Berkshire, near Windsor.", "Eton College __knowledge__ It educates more than 1,300 pupils, aged 13 to 18 years.", "Eton College __knowledge__ It was founded in 1440 by King Henry VI as \"The King's College of Our Lady of Eton besides Wyndsor\", making it the 18th oldest Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference (HMC) school.", "Eton College __knowledge__ Eton is one of the original seven public schools as defined by the Public Schools Act 1868.", "Eton College __knowledge__ Following the public school tradition, Eton is a full boarding school, which means all pupils live at the school, and it is one of four such remaining single-sex boys' public schools in the United Kingdom (the others being Harrow, Radley, and Winchester) to continue this practice.", "Central Dauphin School District __knowledge__ The Central Dauphin School District is a large, suburban, public school district located in suburban Harrisburg, Pennsylvania serving students in central and eastern Dauphin County.", "Central Dauphin School District __knowledge__ It is the largest school district in the county, the largest in the greater Harrisburg metropolitan area and is the 14th largest school district in Pennsylvania.", "Central Dauphin School District __knowledge__ The district serves the Boroughs of: Dauphin, Paxtang and Penbrook as well as Lower Paxton Township, Middle Paxton Township, Swatara Township and West Hanover Township.", "Central Dauphin School District __knowledge__ It was created in 1954, combining four smaller districts.", "Central Dauphin School District __knowledge__ The Central Dauphin School District encompasses approximately .", "Chambersburg Area School District __knowledge__ The Chambersburg Area School District is a public school district located in Franklin County, Pennsylvania.", "Chambersburg Area School District __knowledge__ The district encompasses approximately 250 square miles, including the borough of Chambersburg, plus the townships of Hamilton, Greene, Lurgan, and Letterkenny, and a portion of Guilford Township.", "Chambersburg Area School District __knowledge__ It operates the following schools: Andrew Buchanan Elementary, Guilford Hills Elementary, South Hamilton Elementary, Benjamin Chambers Elementary, Hamilton Heights Elementary, Thaddeus Stevens Elementary, Lurgan Elementary, Falling Spring Elementary, Grandview Elementary, Scotland Elementary, Marion Elementary, Fayetteville Elementary, New Franklin Elementary, Chambersburg Area Middle School South, Chambersburg Area Middle School North, Chambersburg Area Senior High School and the Career Magnet School.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Yes Minister is a Political satire British sitcom written by Antony Jay and Jonathan Lynn that was first transmitted on BBC Two from 1980 to 1984, split over three seven-episode series.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ The sequel, Yes, Prime Minister, ran from 1986 to 1988.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ In total there were 38 episodes, of which all but one lasted half an hour.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Almost all episodes ended with a variation of the title of the series spoken as the answer to a question posed by Hacker.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Several episodes were adapted for BBC Radio, and a stage play was produced in 2010, the latter leading to a new television series on UKTV Gold in 2013.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Set principally in the private office of a British Cabinet minister in the fictional Department of Administrative Affairs in Whitehall, \"Yes Minister\" follows the ministerial career of the Rt Hon Jim Hacker MP, played by Paul Eddington.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ \"Glee\" is a musical comedy-drama television series that aired on Fox in the United States for six seasons from 2009 to 2015.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ It focuses on the high school glee club New Directions competing on the show choir competition circuit, while its members deal with relationships, sexuality and social issues.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ The initial main cast encompassed club director and Spanish (later History) teacher Will Schuester (Matthew Morrison), cheerleading coach Sue Sylvester (Jane Lynch), guidance counselor Emma Pillsbury (Jayma Mays), Will's wife Terri (Jessalyn Gilsig), and eight club members played by Dianna Agron, Chris Colfer, Kevin McHale, Lea Michele, Cory Monteith, Amber Riley, Mark Salling and Jenna Ushkowitz.", "Buckie High School __knowledge__ Buckie High School is a mixed secondary school in Buckie, Moray, Scotland which has a roll of around 900 pupils in years S1 to S6.", "Buckie High School __knowledge__ The school serves the coastal communities of Portgordon, Buckie, Portessie, Findochty, Portknockie, and Cullen.", "Buckie High School __knowledge__ There has been a secondary school in Buckie since 1875.", "Buckie High School __knowledge__ The opening followed the 1872 Education (Scotland) Act, which made education compulsory between the ages of 5 and 13 and put education in the charge of 895 school boards.", "Buckie High School __knowledge__ Rathven School Board covered the Buckie area and built Buckie Public School in West Church Street, at its junction with Pringle Street.", "Sunday School (LDS Church) __knowledge__ Sunday School (formerly the Deseret Sunday School Union) is an official auxiliary of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church).", "Sunday School (LDS Church) __knowledge__ All members of the church and any interested nonmembers, age 12 and older, are encouraged to participate in Sunday School.", "Sunday School (LDS Church) __knowledge__ According to the LDS Church, the purposes of its Sunday School program are to: Historical records indicate that some form of Sunday School was held by Latter Day Saints in Kirtland, Ohio, and Nauvoo, Illinois, in the 1830s and 1840s.", "Sunday School (LDS Church) __knowledge__ However, the meetings were ad hoc and no formal organization endured the Mormon exodus from Nauvoo.", "Macclesfield Sunday School __knowledge__ Macclesfield Sunday School is in Roe Street, Macclesfield, Cheshire, England.", "Macclesfield Sunday School __knowledge__ It started in 1796 as a non-denominational Sunday School in Pickford Street, which catered for 40 children.", "Macclesfield Sunday School __knowledge__ It was founded by John Whitaker whose objective was \"to lessen the sum of human wretchedness by diffusing religious knowledge and useful learning among the lower classes of society\".", "Macclesfield Sunday School __knowledge__ Though chapels set up their denominational schools, the Sunday School committee in 1812 elected to erect a purpose-built school on Roe Street.", "Macclesfield Sunday School __knowledge__ The Big Sunday School had 1,127 boys and 1,324 girls on its books when it opened.", "Macclesfield Sunday School __knowledge__ Sunday schools were first set up in the 1780s to provide education to working children on their one-day off from the factory.", "Grace Reformed Church (Washington, D.C.) __knowledge__ Grace Reformed Church is a historic church located at 1405 15th Street in NW Washington, DC.", "Grace Reformed Church (Washington, D.C.) __knowledge__ Originally organized as a Reformed Church in the United States congregation, it is now affiliated with the United Church of Christ (UCC).", "Grace Reformed Church (Washington, D.C.) __knowledge__ From the earliest days, the Congregation has made the historic creeds an integral part of its traditional worship with Gospel preaching and sacred choral and instrumental music.", "Grace Reformed Church (Washington, D.C.) __knowledge__ The Church School also is Bible-centered.", "Grace Reformed Church (Washington, D.C.) __knowledge__ Special historic interest attaches to Grace Reformed Church because Theodore Roosevelt was a member while President of the United States.", "Grace Reformed Church (Washington, D.C.) __knowledge__ The church was added to the National Register of Historic Places, along with its Sunday School and Parish House, in 1991.", "Church of God in Christ __knowledge__ The Church Of God in Christ (COGIC) is a Pentecostal-Holiness Christian denomination with a predominantly African-American membership.", "Church of God in Christ __knowledge__ The denomination reports having more than 12,000 churches and over 6.5 million members in the United States.", "Church of God in Christ __knowledge__ The National Council of Churches ranks it as the fifth largest Christian denomination in the U.S.", "Church of God in Christ __knowledge__ Internationally, COGIC can be found in more than 83 nations.", "Church of God in Christ __knowledge__ Its worldwide membership is estimated to be between six and eight million, composing more than 25,000 congregations throughout the world.", "Church of God in Christ __knowledge__ The current presiding Bishop is Bishop Charles Edward Blake Sr., who is the Senior Pastor of West Angeles Church of God In Christ.", "Stockport Sunday School __knowledge__ The Stockport Sunday School was founded in 1784, and became the largest Sunday school in the world.", "Stockport Sunday School __knowledge__ It was situated on London Square, Wellington Street, Stockport, behind the town hall.", "Stockport Sunday School __knowledge__ Before the days of universal education, children would be employed in the cotton and hatting industry from a very early age, Sunday Schools provided the one source of Education available before the passing of the 1870 Education Act.", "Stockport Sunday School __knowledge__ The Sunday School was founded in 1784, the articles of association being adopted on 11 November 1784.", "Stockport Sunday School __knowledge__ The aim was that the town be divided into six, and an establishment provided for each division.", "W. E. Cule __knowledge__ William Edward Cule (5 December 1870 – 13 July 1944) was a British author of children's books and several books for adults on Christian themes.", "W. E. Cule __knowledge__ In all, he wrote some thirty books encompassing a number of popular genres – public school stories, adventure yarns, fairy tales, novels and Christian allegories and fable.", "W. E. Cule __knowledge__ His best children's books show an imaginative faculty of a high order and are soundly crafted, befitting his profession as a magazine and book editor.", "W. E. Cule __knowledge__ Cule's most popular Christian works are \"The Man at the Gate of the World\" and \"Sir Knight of the Splendid Way\", the latter recently reprinted by Lamplighter Publishing in the United States.", "Stephen Paxson __knowledge__ Stephen Paxson (18081881) was a missionary with the American Sunday School Union.", "Stephen Paxson __knowledge__ He is known for starting over 1300 Sunday schools in frontier rural America with a total attendance of about 83,000 and is known as the Apostle to Children and possibly the single biggest influence in evangelizing the American frontier.", "Stephen Paxson __knowledge__ Stephen Paxson was born to Joseph and Mary Lester Paxson in New Lisbon, Ohio, one of seven children.", "Stephen Paxson __knowledge__ Joseph died when the children were young, .” and poverty forced the mother to find other families to take the children in.", "Stephen Paxson __knowledge__ Stephen was indentured to Harman Fagan with the promise that Stephen would be permitted to attend school at least three months a year..” However Stephen had been born with a speech impediment and was dubbed “Stuttering Stephen.” Because of his handicap, he never attended school.", "Duke Memorial United Methodist Church __knowledge__ Duke Memorial United Methodist Church is a historic Methodist church at 504 W. Chapel Hill Street in Durham, North Carolina.", "Duke Memorial United Methodist Church __knowledge__ It was originally established in 1886.", "Duke Memorial United Methodist Church __knowledge__ The congregation’s growth paralleled Durham’s growth as a manufacturing center in the textile and tobacco industries and has maintained a close connection with Duke University (formerly Trinity College).", "Duke Memorial United Methodist Church __knowledge__ From its beginning, the church has counted among its members many of Durham’s educational and industrial elite.", "Duke Memorial United Methodist Church __knowledge__ It is named in honor of tobacco magnate and philanthropist Washington Duke and his sons, who were instrumental in the building of the church.", "Sarah Trimmer __knowledge__ Sarah Trimmer (\"née\" Kirby; 6 January 1741 – 15 December 1810) was a writer and critic of 18th-century British children's literature, as well as an educational reformer.", "Sarah Trimmer __knowledge__ Her periodical, \"The Guardian of Education\", helped to define the emerging genre by seriously reviewing children's literature for the first time; it also provided the first history of children's literature, establishing a canon of the early landmarks of the genre that scholars still use today.", "Sarah Trimmer __knowledge__ Trimmer's most popular children's book, \"Fabulous Histories\", inspired numerous children's animal stories and remained in print for over a century." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sunday school __knowledge__ A Sunday school (also sometimes referred to as a Sabbath school) is a Christian educational institution, usually (but not always) catering to children and other young people.", "Sunday school __knowledge__ Many Seventh-day Adventists, Seventh Day Baptists, and other sabbatarian communities hold their Sabbath Schools on Saturdays.", "Sunday school __knowledge__ Sunday schools in England were first set up in the 1780s to provide education to working children.", "Sunday school __knowledge__ William King (see memorial in Dursley Tabernacle Church) first started a Sunday School in Dursley, Gloucestershire, and suggested to his friend Robert Raikes, that he start a similar school in Gloucester, resulting in Raikes being generally quoted as starting the schools as he was editor of the Gloucester Journal and wrote an article in his Journal resulting in many clergymen supporting it.", "Sunday school __knowledge__ It aimed to teach the youngsters reading, writing and cyphering (doing arithmetic) and a knowledge of the Bible.", "Sunday school __knowledge__ By 1785, 250,000 English children were attending Sunday School.", "Sunday school __knowledge__ There were 5,000 in Manchester alone.", "Sunday school __knowledge__ By 1895, the 'Society for the Establishment and Promotion of Sunday Schools' had distributed 91,915 spelling books, 24,232 Testaments and 5,360 Bibles.", "Sunday school __knowledge__ The Sunday School movement was cross-denominational, and through subscription built large buildings that could host public lectures as well as classrooms.", "Value-added tax __knowledge__ A value-added tax (VAT), known in some countries as a goods and services tax (GST), is a type of general consumption tax that is collected incrementally, based on the increase in value of a product or service at each stage of production or distribution.", "Value-added tax __knowledge__ VAT is usually implemented as a destination-based tax, where the tax rate is based on the location of the customer.", "Value-added tax __knowledge__ VATs raise about a fifth of total tax revenues both worldwide and among the members of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).", "Value-added tax __knowledge__ As of 2018, 166 of the world's approximately 193 countries employ a VAT, including all OECD members except the United States, which uses a sales tax system instead.", "Value added __knowledge__ In business, the difference between the sale price and the production cost of a product is the unit profit.", "Value added __knowledge__ In economics, the sum of the unit profit, the unit depreciation cost, and the unit labor cost is the unit value added.", "Value added __knowledge__ Summing value added per unit over all units sold is total value added.", "Value added __knowledge__ Total value added is equivalent to revenue less intermediate consumption.", "Value added __knowledge__ Value added is a higher portion of revenue for integrated companies, e.g., manufacturing companies, and a lower portion of revenue for less integrated companies, e.g., retail companies.", "Value added __knowledge__ Total value added is very closely approximated by compensation of employees plus earnings before taxes.", "Operating surplus __knowledge__ Operating surplus is an accounting concept used in national accounts statistics (such as United Nations System of National Accounts (UNSNA)) and in corporate and government accounts.", "Operating surplus __knowledge__ It is the balancing item of the Generation of Income Account in the UNSNA.", "Operating surplus __knowledge__ It may be used in macro-economics as a proxy for total pre-tax profit income, although entrepreneurial income may provide a better measure of business profits.", "Operating surplus __knowledge__ According to the 2008 SNA, it is the measure of the surplus accruing from production before deducting property income, e.g., land rent and interest.", "Operating surplus __knowledge__ Operating surplus is a component of value added and GDP.", "Value-added modeling __knowledge__ Value-added modeling (also known as value-added analysis and value-added assessment) is a method of teacher evaluation that measures the teacher's contribution in a given year by comparing the current test scores of their students to the scores of those same students in previous school years, as well as to the scores of other students in the same grade.", "Value-added modeling __knowledge__ In this manner, value-added modeling seeks to isolate the contribution, or value added, that each teacher provides in a given year, which can be compared to the performance measures of other teachers.", "Value-added modeling __knowledge__ VAMs are considered to be fairer than simply comparing student achievement scores or gain scores without considering potentially confounding context variables like past performance or income.", "Lean Government __knowledge__ Lean Government refers to the application of lean production (also known as \"Lean\") principles and methods to both identify and then implement the most efficient, value added way to provide government services.", "Lean Government __knowledge__ Government agencies have found that when Lean is implemented, they see an improved understanding of how their own processes work, that it facilitates the quick identification and implementation of improvements and that it builds a culture of continuous improvement.", "Lean Government __knowledge__ Lean for government focuses on governing and serving citizens with respect and continuously improving service delivery by cutting out \"waste\" and \"inefficiency\" in processes; this in turn will result in better services overall, engaged civil servants as well as more value for tax-supported programs and services.", "Labor theory of value __knowledge__ The labor theory of value (LTV) is a theory of value that argues that the economic value of a good or service is determined by the total amount of \"socially necessary labor\" required to produce it, rather than by the use or pleasure its owner gets from it.", "Labor theory of value __knowledge__ It does not say that the value of a commodity is determined by the actual amount of labor contained in it, but the average amount needed to produce it.", "Labor theory of value __knowledge__ This is called \"socially necessary labor\".", "Labor theory of value __knowledge__ LTV is usually associated with Marxian economics, although it is also used in the theories of earlier liberal economists such as Adam Smith and David Ricardo and later also in anarchist economics.", "European Union value added tax __knowledge__ The European Union value added tax (or EU VAT) is a value added tax on goods and services within the European Union (EU).", "European Union value added tax __knowledge__ The EU's institutions do not collect the tax, but EU member states are each required to adopt a value added tax that complies with the EU VAT code.", "European Union value added tax __knowledge__ Different rates of VAT apply in different EU member states, ranging from 17% in Luxembourg to 27% in Hungary.", "European Union value added tax __knowledge__ The total VAT collected by member states is used as part of the calculation to determine what each state contributes to the EU's budget.", "European Union value added tax __knowledge__ EU VAT (known as \"output VAT\", that is, VAT on its output supplies) is charged by a business and paid by its customers.", "Intermediate consumption __knowledge__ Intermediate consumption (also called \"intermediate expenditure\") is an economic concept used in national accounts, such as the United Nations System of National Accounts (UNSNA), the US National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA) and the European System of Accounts (ESA).", "Intermediate consumption __knowledge__ Conceptually, the aggregate \"intermediate consumption\" is equal to the amount of the difference between gross output (roughly, the total sales value) and net output (gross value added or GDP).", "Intermediate consumption __knowledge__ In the US economy, total intermediate consumption represents about 45% of Gross Output.", "Intermediate consumption __knowledge__ The services component in intermediate consumption has grown strongly in the US, from about 30% in the 1980s to more than 40% today.", "Value product __knowledge__ The value product (VP) is an economic concept formulated by Karl Marx in his critique of political economy during the 1860s, and used in Marxian social accounting theory for capitalist economies.", "Value product __knowledge__ Its annual monetary value is approximately equal to the netted sum of six flows of income generated by production: The last five money-incomes are components of realized surplus value.", "Value product __knowledge__ In principle, the value product also includes unsold inventories of new outputs.", "Value product __knowledge__ Marx's concept corresponds roughly with the concept of value added in national accounts, with some important differences (see below) and with the provision that it applies only to the net output of \"capitalist\" production, not to the valuation of \"all\" production in a society, part of which may of course not be commercial production at all.", "Tax __knowledge__ A tax (from the Latin \"taxo\") is a mandatory financial charge or some other type of levy imposed upon a taxpayer (an individual or other legal entity) by a governmental organization in order to fund various public expenditures.", "Tax __knowledge__ A failure to pay, or evasion of or resistance to taxation, is punishable by law.", "Tax __knowledge__ Taxes consist of direct or indirect taxes and may be paid in money or as its labour equivalent.", "Tax __knowledge__ Most countries have a tax system in place to pay for public/common/agreed national needs and government functions: some levy a flat percentage rate of taxation on personal annual income, some on a scale based on annual income amounts, and some countries impose almost no taxation at all, or a very low tax rate for a certain area of taxation.", "Christianity in Australia __knowledge__ Christianity is the largest Australian religion according to the national census.", "Christianity in Australia __knowledge__ In the 2016 Census, 52.1% of Australians were listed as Christian.", "Christianity in Australia __knowledge__ Australia has no official state religion and the Australian Constitution protects freedom of religion.", "Christianity in Australia __knowledge__ The presence of Christianity in Australia began with the arrival of the First Fleet of British convicts in 1788.", "Christianity in Australia __knowledge__ The religion grew to account for 96.1% of the national population at the time of the Federation of Australia in 1901.", "Christianity in Australia __knowledge__ The Anglican Church of Australia (formerly known as the Church of England in Australia) was the largest church until 1986, when it was surpassed by the Catholic Church in Australia.", "Fresno Christian High School __knowledge__ Fresno Christian High School (abbr.", "Fresno Christian High School __knowledge__ FCHS) is a private, Christian high school sponsored by 12 evangelical churches, located in Fresno, California, United States.", "Fresno Christian High School __knowledge__ The high school is a division of Fresno Christian Schools, offering various classes from Kindergarten through Grade 12.", "Fresno Christian High School __knowledge__ Grades K–12 share a campus with Peoples Church at 7280 N. Cedar Ave.", "Fresno Christian High School __knowledge__ Although conceived several years earlier, Fresno Christian Schools finally became a reality in 1977.", "Fresno Christian High School __knowledge__ Founded by seven local churches, the school aims to provide a quality learning environment and encourage God’s word within the classroom.", "Fresno Christian High School __knowledge__ In 1977, the school began classes, with 135 students in grades K-6.", "Elizabeth Campbell, Duchess of Argyll __knowledge__ Elizabeth Georgiana Campbell, Duchess of Argyll (\"née\" Leveson-Gower; 30 May 1824 – 25 May 1878) was a British noblewoman and abolitionist.", "Elizabeth Campbell, Duchess of Argyll __knowledge__ Born into the wealthy Sutherland-Leveson-Gower family, she was the eldest daughter of the 2nd Duke of Sutherland by his wife, the political hostess Lady Harriet Howard.", "Elizabeth Campbell, Duchess of Argyll __knowledge__ In 1844 Elizabeth married George Campbell, Marquess of Lorne, eldest son and heir to the 7th Duke of Argyll.", "Elizabeth Campbell, Duchess of Argyll __knowledge__ She became the Duchess of Argyll in 1847 when her husband succeeded his father.", "Elizabeth Campbell, Duchess of Argyll __knowledge__ Like her mother, the Duchess of Argyll was a prominent opponent of slavery.", "Elizabeth Campbell, Duchess of Argyll __knowledge__ The pair helped write a letter titled \"An Affectionate and Christian Address of Many Thousands of Women of Great Britain and Ireland to Their Sisters, the Women of the United States of America\", calling for an end of slavery; it attracted signatures from 562,848 British women.", "Vanity sizing __knowledge__ Vanity sizing, or size inflation, is the phenomenon of ready-to-wear clothing of the same nominal size becoming bigger in physical size over time.", "Vanity sizing __knowledge__ This has been documented primarily in the United States and the United Kingdom.", "Vanity sizing __knowledge__ Vanity sizing tends to occur where clothing sizes are not standardized, such as the U.S. market.", "Vanity sizing __knowledge__ In the United States, although clothing size standards exist (i.e., ASTM), most companies do not use them any longer.", "Vanity sizing __knowledge__ Size inconsistency has existed since at least 1937.", "Vanity sizing __knowledge__ In Sears's 1937 catalog, a size 14 dress had a bust size of .", "Vanity sizing __knowledge__ In 1967, the same bust size was a size 8.", "Vanity sizing __knowledge__ In 2011, it was a size 0.", "Student cap __knowledge__ In various European countries, student caps of different types are, or have been, worn either as a marker of a common identity, as is the case in the Nordic countries, or to identify the wearer as a member of a smaller body within the larger group of students, as is the case with the caps worn by members of German \"Studentenverbindungen.\"", "Student cap __knowledge__ Belgian student caps can be divided into 2 main variants, the \"calotte\", worn by students at Roman Catholic universities and the \"penne\", worn by students at liberal/non-catholic universities.", "Student cap __knowledge__ The calotte originates from the skullcap worn by the Zouave papal regiment around 1860.", "VIA University College __knowledge__ VIA University College is a university college () organisation in Central Denmark Region, Denmark, established in January 2008.", "VIA University College __knowledge__ It is present in the region with a total of eight campuses.", "VIA University College __knowledge__ The university colleges in Denmark were established as a result of a series of mergers of smaller educational centres in 2007.", "VIA University College __knowledge__ VIA is one of those university colleges.", "VIA University College __knowledge__ From January 2008, all medium higher education in the Central Region previously under CVU (Center for Higher Education), became organized as one unit under VIA.", "VIA University College __knowledge__ As a result of these mergers, VIA became the third largest educational institution following Copenhagen University and Aarhus University with approximately 2,000 employees and 20,000 students.", "Albinus Peter Graves __knowledge__ Brother Albinus Peter Graves, F.S.C., (October 15, 1887 – October 11, 1964) was an American Lasallian Brother who was last posted to the De La Salle Brothers in the Philippines and was a President of De La Salle College in Manila.", "Albinus Peter Graves __knowledge__ He was born Arthur Jacob Graves on October 15, 1887, in Minneapolis, Minnesota.", "Albinus Peter Graves __knowledge__ During his early years, he was educated in Catholic schools and while he has expressed his desire to serve as a De La Salle Brother, his father did not allow him to do so.", "Albinus Peter Graves __knowledge__ When he was 20 years old, he ran away from home and went to the novitiate in Pocantico Hills, New York.", "Albinus Peter Graves __knowledge__ By the time his father knew where he was, he had already accepted his son's decision.", "Kalākaua __knowledge__ Kalākaua (November 16, 1836 – January 20, 1891), born David Laamea Kamananakapu Mahinulani Naloiaehuokalani Lumialani Kalākaua and sometimes called The Merrie Monarch, was the last king (and second to last monarch) of the Kingdom of Hawaii.", "Kalākaua __knowledge__ He reigned from February 12, 1874 until his death in San Francisco, California, on January 20, 1891.", "Kalākaua __knowledge__ Kalākaua had a convivial personality and enjoyed entertaining guests with his singing and ukulele playing.", "Kalākaua __knowledge__ At his coronation and his birthday jubilee, the hula that had been banned from public in the kingdom became a celebration of Hawaiian culture.", "Kalākaua __knowledge__ During his reign, the Reciprocity Treaty of 1875 brought great prosperity to the kingdom.", "Sociology of the family __knowledge__ Sociological studies of the family look at: Examples of specific issues looked at include: Research methods in the sociology of the family can be broken down to three major approaches, each with its own strengths and weaknesses.", "Sociology of the family __knowledge__ One approach is survey research of contemporary families.", "Sociology of the family __knowledge__ This holds the benefit of leaving statistical data and large and hopefully random samples from which a researcher can interpolate the general traits of a society.", "Sociology of the family __knowledge__ However, survey respondents tend to answer as would feel regular or ideal rather than as things might actually be.", "Sociology of the family __knowledge__ It also gives a very one-sided explanation view of a larger group, which does not sufficiently allow for contention.", "United States presidential election, 1876 __knowledge__ The United States presidential election of 1876 was the 23rd quadrennial presidential election, held on Tuesday, November 7, 1876.", "United States presidential election, 1876 __knowledge__ It was one of the most contentious and controversial presidential elections in American history, and is known for being the catalyst for the end of Reconstruction.", "United States presidential election, 1876 __knowledge__ After a controversial post-election process, Republican nominee Rutherford B. Hayes defeated Democrat Samuel Tilden.", "United States presidential election, 1876 __knowledge__ After President Ulysses S. Grant declined to seek a third term, Congressman James G. Blaine emerged as the front-runner for the Republican nomination.", "United States presidential election, 1876 __knowledge__ However, Blaine was unable to win a majority at the 1876 Republican National Convention, which settled on Govenor Hayes of Ohio as a compromise candidate." ] ]

[ 3, 1, 63 ]

[ "Sunday school has been around for a long time. ", "its more about Christian educations, usually for children", "It can if it provides actual education and a quality learning environment for Christian theory" ]

[ "Sunday school", "Sunday school", "Sunday school" ]

[ "Linebacker", "Yes, it is a football term", "Uau, that info is very complex." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Linebacker __knowledge__ A linebacker (LB or backer) is a playing position in American football and Canadian football.", "Linebacker __knowledge__ Linebackers are members of the defensive team, and line up approximately three to five yards (4 m) behind the line of scrimmage, behind the defensive linemen, and therefore \"back up the line.\"", "Linebacker __knowledge__ Linebackers generally align themselves before the ball is snapped by standing upright in a \"two-point stance\" (as opposed to the defensive linemen, who put one or two hands on the ground for a \"three-point stance\" or \"four-point stance\" before the ball is snapped).", "Linebacker __knowledge__ The goal of the linebacker is to provide either extra run protection or extra pass protection based on the particular defensive play being executed.", "Linebacker __knowledge__ Another key play of the linebacker position is blitzing.", "Linebacker __knowledge__ A blitz occurs when a linebacker acts as an extra pass rusher running into any exposed gap.", "Linebacker __knowledge__ When a blitz is called by the defense, it is mainly to sack or hurry the opposing offense's quarterback.", "Linebacker __knowledge__ Linebackers are often regarded as the most important position in defense, due to their versatility in providing hard hits on running plays or an additional layer of pass protection, when required.", "Linebacker __knowledge__ Similar to the \"free safety\" position, linebackers are required to use their judgment on every snap, to determine their role during that particular play." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Linebacker __knowledge__ A linebacker (LB or backer) is a playing position in American football and Canadian football.", "Linebacker __knowledge__ Linebackers are members of the defensive team, and line up approximately three to five yards (4 m) behind the line of scrimmage, behind the defensive linemen, and therefore \"back up the line.\"", "Linebacker __knowledge__ Linebackers generally align themselves before the ball is snapped by standing upright in a \"two-point stance\" (as opposed to the defensive linemen, who put one or two hands on the ground for a \"three-point stance\" or \"four-point stance\" before the ball is snapped).", "Linebacker __knowledge__ The goal of the linebacker is to provide either extra run protection or extra pass protection based on the particular defensive play being executed.", "Linebacker __knowledge__ Another key play of the linebacker position is blitzing.", "Linebacker __knowledge__ A blitz occurs when a linebacker acts as an extra pass rusher running into any exposed gap.", "Linebacker __knowledge__ When a blitz is called by the defense, it is mainly to sack or hurry the opposing offense's quarterback.", "Linebacker __knowledge__ Linebackers are often regarded as the most important position in defense, due to their versatility in providing hard hits on running plays or an additional layer of pass protection, when required.", "Linebacker __knowledge__ Similar to the \"free safety\" position, linebackers are required to use their judgment on every snap, to determine their role during that particular play.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "YES Network __knowledge__ The Yankees Entertainment and Sports Network (YES) is an American cable and satellite television regional sports network that is owned by 21st Century Fox (which owns a controlling 80% interest and serves as managing partner) and Yankee Global Enterprises (which owns the remaining 20%).", "YES Network __knowledge__ Primarily serving New York City, New York and the surrounding metropolitan area, it broadcasts a variety of sports events, as well as magazine, documentary and discussion programs; however, its main emphasis is focused on games and team-related programs involving the New York Yankees of Major League Baseball (owned by minority partner Yankee Global), the NBA's Brooklyn Nets and New York City FC of Major League Soccer.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Yes and no, or word pairs with a similar usage , are expressions of the affirmative and the negative, respectively, in several languages including English.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages make distinction between answers to affirmative versus negative questions, thus may have triplet or quadruplets of words instead.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ English originally used a four-form system up to and including Early Middle English but Modern English has reduced this to a two-form system consisting of just 'yes' and 'no'.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ It exists in eye blink communication, Morse Code, sign language, and maybe in color coded flag communication.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages do not answer yes–no questions with single words meaning 'yes' or 'no'.", "United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, 2011 __knowledge__ The United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, also known as the UK-wide referendum on the Parliamentary voting system was held on Thursday 5 May 2011 (the same date as local elections in many areas) in the United Kingdom (UK) to choose the method of electing MPs at subsequent general elections as part of the Conservative – Liberal Democrat Coalition Agreement drawn up after the 2010 general election which had resulted in the first hung parliament since February 1974 and also indirectly in the aftermath of the 2009 expenses scandal under the provisions of the Parliamentary Voting System and Constituencies Act 2011 and was the first national referendum to be held under provisions laid out in the Political Parties, Elections and Referendums Act 2000.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ A referendum on Scottish independence from the United Kingdom took place on 18 September 2014.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The referendum question, which voters answered with \"Yes\" or \"No\", was \"Should Scotland be an independent country?\"", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The \"No\" side won, with 2,001,926 (55.3%) voting against independence and 1,617,989 (44.7%) voting in favour.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The turnout of 84.6% was the highest recorded for an election or referendum in the United Kingdom since the introduction of universal suffrage.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The Scottish Independence Referendum Act 2013, setting out the arrangements for the referendum, was passed by the Scottish Parliament in November 2013, following an agreement between the Scottish Government and the United Kingdom government.", "Quebec referendum, 1995 __knowledge__ The 1995 Quebec referendum was the second referendum to ask voters in the Canadian French-speaking province of Quebec whether Quebec should proclaim national sovereignty and become an independent country, with the condition precedent of offering a political and economic agreement to Canada.", "Quebec referendum, 1995 __knowledge__ The culmination of multiple years of debate and planning after the failure of the Meech Lake and Charlottetown constitutional accords, the referendum was launched solely by the provincial Parti Québécois government of Jacques Parizeau.", "Quebec referendum, 1995 __knowledge__ Despite initial predictions of a heavy sovereignist defeat, an eventful and complex campaign followed, with the \"Yes\" side flourishing after being taken over by charismatic Bloc Québécois leader Lucien Bouchard.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Yes Minister is a Political satire British sitcom written by Antony Jay and Jonathan Lynn that was first transmitted on BBC Two from 1980 to 1984, split over three seven-episode series.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ The sequel, Yes, Prime Minister, ran from 1986 to 1988.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ In total there were 38 episodes, of which all but one lasted half an hour.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Almost all episodes ended with a variation of the title of the series spoken as the answer to a question posed by Hacker.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Several episodes were adapted for BBC Radio, and a stage play was produced in 2010, the latter leading to a new television series on UKTV Gold in 2013.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Set principally in the private office of a British Cabinet minister in the fictional Department of Administrative Affairs in Whitehall, \"Yes Minister\" follows the ministerial career of the Rt Hon Jim Hacker MP, played by Paul Eddington.", "Boeing B-52 Stratofortress __knowledge__ The Boeing B-52 Stratofortress is an American long-range, subsonic, jet-powered strategic bomber.", "Boeing B-52 Stratofortress __knowledge__ The B-52 was designed and built by Boeing, which has continued to provide support and upgrades.", "Boeing B-52 Stratofortress __knowledge__ It has been operated by the United States Air Force (USAF) since the 1950s.", "Boeing B-52 Stratofortress __knowledge__ The bomber is capable of carrying up to of weapons, and has a typical combat range of more than 8,800 miles (14,080 km) without aerial refueling.", "Boeing B-52 Stratofortress __knowledge__ Beginning with the successful contract bid in June 1946, the B-52 design evolved from a straight wing aircraft powered by six turboprop engines to the final prototype YB-52 with eight turbojet engines and swept wings.", "London, Brighton and South Coast Railway __knowledge__ The London, Brighton and South Coast Railway (LB&SCR; known also as \"the Brighton line\", \"the Brighton Railway\" or \"the Brighton\") was a railway company in the United Kingdom from 1846 to 1922.", "London, Brighton and South Coast Railway __knowledge__ Its territory formed a rough triangle, with London at its apex, practically the whole coastline of Sussex as its base, and a large part of Surrey.", "London, Brighton and South Coast Railway __knowledge__ It was bounded on its western side by the London and South Western Railway (L&SWR), which provided an alternative route to Portsmouth.", "London, Brighton and South Coast Railway __knowledge__ On its eastern side the LB&SCR was bounded by the South Eastern Railway (SER) – later one component of the South Eastern and Chatham Railway (SE&CR) – which provided an alternative route to Bexhill, St Leonards-on-Sea, and Hastings.", "List of secondary highways in Algoma District __knowledge__ This is a list of secondary highways in Algoma District, most of which serve as logging roads or provide access to isolated and sparsely populated areas in the Algoma District of northeastern Ontario.", "List of secondary highways in Algoma District __knowledge__ Some of the shorter ones are also access routes for communities with moderate amounts of tourism, most famously St. Joseph Island's highway 548 Secondary Highway 519, commonly referred to as Highway 519, is a provincially maintained highway in the Canadian province of Ontario.", "List of secondary highways in Algoma District __knowledge__ The highway is in length, connecting Highway 17 near Obatanga Provincial Park with Dubreuilville station.", "List of secondary highways in Algoma District __knowledge__ A private logging road continues east from there.", "List of formations in American football __knowledge__ The following is a list of common and historically significant formations in American football.", "List of formations in American football __knowledge__ In football, the formation describes how the players in a team are positioned on the field.", "List of formations in American football __knowledge__ Many variations are possible on both sides of the ball, depending on the strategy being employed.", "List of formations in American football __knowledge__ On offense, the formation must include at least seven players on the line of scrimmage and a center to start the play by snapping the ball.", "List of formations in American football __knowledge__ There are no restrictions on the arrangement of defensive players.", "List of formations in American football __knowledge__ This list is not exhaustive; there are hundreds of different ways to organize a team's players while still remaining within the \"7 on the line 4 in the backfield\" convention.", "Ohio State Buckeyes football __knowledge__ The Ohio State Buckeyes football team is a college football team that competes as part of the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision, representing Ohio State University in the East Division of the Big Ten Conference.", "Ohio State Buckeyes football __knowledge__ Ohio State has played their home games at Ohio Stadium in Columbus, Ohio since 1922.", "Ohio State Buckeyes football __knowledge__ The Buckeyes are recognized by the university and NCAA as having won eight national championships along with 38 conference championships (including 36 Big Ten titles), six division championships, 10 undefeated seasons, and six perfect seasons of having no losses or ties.", "Ohio State Buckeyes football __knowledge__ The first Ohio State game was a 20-14 victory over Ohio Wesleyan University in Delaware, Ohio, on May 3, 1890.", "List of secondary highways in Kenora District __knowledge__ This is a list of secondary highways in Kenora District, most of which serve as logging roads or provide access to isolated and sparsely populated areas in the Kenora District of northwestern Ontario.", "List of secondary highways in Kenora District __knowledge__ Secondary Highway 525, commonly referred to as Highway 525, is a provincially maintained secondary highway in the Canadian province of Ontario.", "List of secondary highways in Kenora District __knowledge__ It is a short, remote secondary highway that links Highway 596 to the Wabaseemoong First Nations reserve.", "List of secondary highways in Kenora District __knowledge__ It is the second-westernmost secondary highway in the province, Highway 673 being the first.", "List of secondary highways in Kenora District __knowledge__ The route was commissioned by 1982 along what was formerly Highway 596; a former use of the route number existed between 1956 and 1973 in Gravenhurst." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Linebacker __knowledge__ A linebacker (LB or backer) is a playing position in American football and Canadian football.", "Linebacker __knowledge__ Linebackers are members of the defensive team, and line up approximately three to five yards (4 m) behind the line of scrimmage, behind the defensive linemen, and therefore \"back up the line.\"", "Linebacker __knowledge__ Linebackers generally align themselves before the ball is snapped by standing upright in a \"two-point stance\" (as opposed to the defensive linemen, who put one or two hands on the ground for a \"three-point stance\" or \"four-point stance\" before the ball is snapped).", "Linebacker __knowledge__ The goal of the linebacker is to provide either extra run protection or extra pass protection based on the particular defensive play being executed.", "Linebacker __knowledge__ Another key play of the linebacker position is blitzing.", "Linebacker __knowledge__ A blitz occurs when a linebacker acts as an extra pass rusher running into any exposed gap.", "Linebacker __knowledge__ When a blitz is called by the defense, it is mainly to sack or hurry the opposing offense's quarterback.", "Linebacker __knowledge__ Linebackers are often regarded as the most important position in defense, due to their versatility in providing hard hits on running plays or an additional layer of pass protection, when required.", "Linebacker __knowledge__ Similar to the \"free safety\" position, linebackers are required to use their judgment on every snap, to determine their role during that particular play.", "Loughborough Students RUFC __knowledge__ Loughborough Students Rugby Union Football Club is the rugby club that represents Loughborough University in rugby union competition.", "Loughborough Students RUFC __knowledge__ Of the British universities, Loughborough has unparalleled success, having won the BUCS championship (in its former guises as the BUSA and UAU championship) on twenty-seven occasions.", "Loughborough Students RUFC __knowledge__ It fields sides in the BUCS league, (inter-university) and in the third tier of the English rugby union system, National League 1.", "Loughborough Students RUFC __knowledge__ The club has fielded over seventy internationals (male and female), many of whom won caps while playing for the club.", "Loughborough Students RUFC __knowledge__ The history of the club predates the formation of Loughborough University.", "Info-gap decision theory __knowledge__ Info-gap decision theory is a non-probabilistic decision theory that seeks to optimize robustness to failure – or opportuneness for windfall – under severe uncertainty, in particular applying sensitivity analysis of the stability radius type to perturbations in the value of a given estimate of the parameter of interest.", "Info-gap decision theory __knowledge__ It has some connections with Wald's maximin model; some authors distinguish them, others consider them instances of the same principle.", "Info-gap decision theory __knowledge__ It has been developed since the 1980s by Yakov Ben-Haim, and has found many applications and described as a theory for decision-making under \"\"severe\" uncertainty\".", "List of Dinosaur King characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that appear in \"Dinosaur King\".", "List of Dinosaur King characters __knowledge__ The English versions of the series use names differing from the Japanese versions; in this article the English names are used.", "List of Dinosaur King characters __knowledge__ The D-Team are the protagonists of the series who are very knowledgeable about dinosaurs.", "List of Dinosaur King characters __knowledge__ They prevent the Alpha Gang from succeeding in their goal by saving the dinosaurs they can find.", "List of Dinosaur King characters __knowledge__ Among its members are: The Alpha Gang are the primary yet inept antagonists of the first series who abduct any dinosaur cards they find using their own dinosaurs as their muscle.", "List of Dinosaur King characters __knowledge__ They conduct experiments on the dinosaur cards they find.", "Claudia Leitte __knowledge__ Cláudia Cristina Leite Inácio Pedreira (; born 10 July 1980) is a Brazilian singer, songwriter, entrepreneur and television personality.", "Claudia Leitte __knowledge__ She rose to fame in late 2002 as the lead vocalist of the Axé music group Babado Novo.", "Claudia Leitte __knowledge__ The group achieved a string of consecutive diamond-certified hit singles in Brazil and five golden and platinum albums from 2003 to 2007, as granted by the Brazilian Association of Record Producers (ABPD).", "Claudia Leitte __knowledge__ Leitte embarked on a solo career and released her first solo album \"Ao Vivo em Copacabana\" (2008), recorded live in front of a crowd of over a million people.", "Claudia Leitte __knowledge__ The album was awarded gold and triple platinum certifications and established the singer as one of Brazil's greatest stars.", "Newcastle University Boat Club __knowledge__ Newcastle University Boat Club (NUBC) is the rowing club of Newcastle University, UK.", "Newcastle University Boat Club __knowledge__ Established in March 1911 as the boat club for Armstrong College, it celebrated its centenary in 2011, when was also appointed High Performance Programme for heavyweight men and women by British Rowing.", "Newcastle University Boat Club __knowledge__ In the past 20 years current students and alumni won 60 international vests for GB.", "Newcastle University Boat Club __knowledge__ The club trains on the River Tyne from a purpose-built boathouse on the south bank of the river in the village of Newburn, five miles upriver from the centre of Newcastle upon Tyne.", "Newcastle University Boat Club __knowledge__ Built in the 1950s, the boathouse is home to the clubs boats, private single sculls and coaching launches; was redeveloped with work finished in 2011.", "Epi Info __knowledge__ Epi Info is statistical software for epidemiology developed by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in Atlanta, Georgia (US) and licensed as public domain.", "Epi Info __knowledge__ Epi Info has been in existence for over 20 years and is currently available for Microsoft Windows.", "Epi Info __knowledge__ The program allows for electronic survey creation, data entry, and analysis.", "Epi Info __knowledge__ Within the analysis module, analytic routines include t-tests, ANOVA, nonparametric statistics, cross tabulations and stratification with estimates of odds ratios, risk ratios, and risk differences, logistic regression (conditional and unconditional), survival analysis (Kaplan Meier and Cox proportional hazard), and analysis of complex survey data.", "International Fortean Organization __knowledge__ The International Fortean Organization (INFO) is a network of professional Fortean researchers and writers.", "International Fortean Organization __knowledge__ John Keel, author and parapsychologist, in both his writings and at his appearances at INFO's FortFest, says \"the International Fortean Organization (INFO) carries on Charles Fort's name as successor to the Fortean Society.\"", "International Fortean Organization __knowledge__ Keel, Colin Wilson and John Michell are long-time advisors to the organization.", "International Fortean Organization __knowledge__ The International Fortean Organization (INFO) published the \"INFO Journal: Science and the Unknown\", keeps a library of Forteana and offered a research service.", "International Fortean Organization __knowledge__ \"Science Digest\", in 1978, mentions their \"attempts to handle inquiries from a world-wide membership\".", "List of formations in American football __knowledge__ The following is a list of common and historically significant formations in American football.", "List of formations in American football __knowledge__ In football, the formation describes how the players in a team are positioned on the field.", "List of formations in American football __knowledge__ Many variations are possible on both sides of the ball, depending on the strategy being employed.", "List of formations in American football __knowledge__ On offense, the formation must include at least seven players on the line of scrimmage and a center to start the play by snapping the ball.", "List of formations in American football __knowledge__ There are no restrictions on the arrangement of defensive players.", "List of formations in American football __knowledge__ This list is not exhaustive; there are hundreds of different ways to organize a team's players while still remaining within the \"7 on the line 4 in the backfield\" convention.", "List of gridiron football rules __knowledge__ The following is a description of the various and alternating rules of gridiron football.", "List of gridiron football rules __knowledge__ Numerous leagues or organizations tend to send a laundry list of rules in order to better distinguish themselves from their counterparts.", "List of gridiron football rules __knowledge__ American football is played on a field .", "List of gridiron football rules __knowledge__ The longer boundary lines are \"sidelines\", while the shorter boundary lines are \"end lines\".", "List of gridiron football rules __knowledge__ Sidelines and end lines are out of bounds.", "List of gridiron football rules __knowledge__ Near each end of the field is a \"goal line\"; they are apart.", "List of gridiron football rules __knowledge__ A scoring area called an \"end zone\" extends beyond each goal line to each end line.", "List of gridiron football rules __knowledge__ The end zone includes the goal line but not the end line.", "3–4 defense __knowledge__ In American football, the 3–4 defense is a common defensive alignment consisting of three down linemen and four linebackers.", "3–4 defense __knowledge__ It is a called a \"base defense\" because it is the default defensive alignment used on \"base downs\" (1st and 2nd downs).", "3–4 defense __knowledge__ However, defenses will readily switch to other defensive alignments (such as a dime) as circumstances change.", "3–4 defense __knowledge__ Alternately some defenses use a 4-3.", "3–4 defense __knowledge__ The 3–4 defense incorporates three defensive linemen – two defensive ends and one nose tackle, who line up opposite the other team's offensive line.", "3–4 defense __knowledge__ Those three players are responsible for engaging the other team's offensive line, allowing the four linebackers to either rush the quarterback or drop back into coverage, depending on the situation.", "American football rules __knowledge__ Game play in American football consists of a series of \"downs\", individual plays of short duration, outside of which the ball is \"dead\" or not in play.", "American football rules __knowledge__ These can be plays from scrimmage – passes, runs, punts, or field goal attempts (from either a place kick or a drop kick) – or free kicks such as kickoffs and fair catch kicks.", "American football rules __knowledge__ Substitutions can be made between downs, which allows for a great deal of specialization as coaches choose the players best suited for each particular situation.", "American football rules __knowledge__ During a play, each team should have no more than 11 players on the field, and each of them has specific tasks assigned for that specific play.", "Comparison of American and Canadian football __knowledge__ American and Canadian football are gridiron codes of football that are very similar.", "Comparison of American and Canadian football __knowledge__ Both have their origins in rugby football.", "Comparison of American and Canadian football __knowledge__ There are, however, some key differences.", "Comparison of American and Canadian football __knowledge__ Football was introduced to North America in Canada by the British Army garrison in Montreal, which played a series of games with McGill University.", "Comparison of American and Canadian football __knowledge__ In 1874, the U.S. Harvard University hosted Canada's McGill University to play the new game derived from rugby football in a home-and-home series.", "Comparison of American and Canadian football __knowledge__ When the Canadians arrived several days early, to take advantage of the trip to see Boston and the surrounding areas, they held daily practices.", "4–3 defense __knowledge__ In American football, a 4–3 defense is a defensive alignment consisting of four down linemen and three linebackers.", "4–3 defense __knowledge__ It is a called a \"base defense\" because it is the default defensive alignment used on \"base downs\" (1st and 2nd downs).", "4–3 defense __knowledge__ However, defenses will readily switch to other defensive alignments (such as a nickel) as circumstances change.", "4–3 defense __knowledge__ Early in the history of the NFL, teams stacked the defensive line of scrimmage with seven linemen, typically using a 7-diamond or the 7-2.", "4–3 defense __knowledge__ With the liberalization of the forward passing rules in 1933, the defenses began to evolve along with the offensive changes, and by the later 1930s, the standard defense in the NFL and college was the 6-2." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 44 ]

[ "A Linebacker is commonly referred to as an LB.", "Linebackers are part of the defensive team, and line up approximately 3 to 5 yards (4 m) behind the line of scrimmage, behind the defensive linemen, and therefore \"back up the line.\"", "In football, the formation describes how the players on a team are properly positioned on the field." ]

[ "Linebacker", "Linebacker", "Linebacker" ]

[ "Pickled cucumber\nIs a pickled cucumber just a pickle?", "How long does that process take?", "What else do you know about them?", "Can they get too sour?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pickled cucumber __knowledge__ A pickled cucumber (commonly known as a pickle in the United States and Canada and a gherkin in Britain, Ireland, Australia, South Africa and New Zealand) is a cucumber that has been pickled in a brine, vinegar, or other solution and left to ferment for a period of time, by either immersing the cucumbers in an acidic solution or through souring by lacto-fermentation.", "Pickled cucumber __knowledge__ A gherkin is a variety of cucumber: the West Indian or burr gherkin (\"Cucumis anguria\"), which produces a somewhat smaller fruit than the garden cucumber (\"Cucumis sativus\").", "Pickled cucumber __knowledge__ Gherkins are cooked, eaten raw, or used as pickles.", "Pickled cucumber __knowledge__ Gherkins are usually picked when 4 to 8 cm (1 to 3 in) in length and pickled in jars or cans with vinegar (often flavoured with herbs, particularly dill; hence, \"dill pickle\") or brine.", "Pickled cucumber __knowledge__ Sugar is also a popular addition, in which case the label typically shows \"Sweet Gherkins\".", "Pickled cucumber __knowledge__ Cornichons are tart French pickles made from small gherkins pickled in vinegar and tarragon.", "Pickled cucumber __knowledge__ They traditionally accompany pâtés and cold cuts.", "Pickled cucumber __knowledge__ Brined pickles are prepared using the traditional process of natural fermentation in a brine which makes them grow sour.", "Pickled cucumber __knowledge__ The brine concentration can vary between 20 to more than 40 grams of salt per litre of water ( or ).", "Pickling __knowledge__ Pickling is the process of preserving or expanding the lifespan of food by either anaerobic fermentation in brine or immersion in vinegar.", "Pickling __knowledge__ The resulting food is called a \"pickle\", or, to prevent ambiguity, prefaced with the adjective \"pickled\".", "Pickling __knowledge__ The pickling procedure will typically affect the food's texture and flavor.", "Pickling __knowledge__ In East Asia, vinaigrette (vegetable oil and vinegar) is also used as a pickling medium.", "Pickling __knowledge__ Foods that are pickled include meats, fruits, eggs, and vegetables.", "Pickling __knowledge__ Another distinguishing characteristic is a pH of 4.6 or lower, which is sufficient to kill most bacteria.", "Pickling __knowledge__ Pickling can preserve perishable foods for months.", "Russian cuisine __knowledge__ Russian cuisine is a collection of the different cooking traditions of the Russian people.", "Russian cuisine __knowledge__ The cuisine is diverse, with Northern and Eastern European, Caucasian, Central Asian, Siberian, and East Asian influences .", "Russian cuisine __knowledge__ Russian cuisine derives its varied character from the vast and multi-ethnic expanse of Russia.", "Russian cuisine __knowledge__ Moreover, it is necessary to divide Russian traditional cuisine and Soviet cuisine, which has its own peculiarity.", "Russian cuisine __knowledge__ Its foundations were laid by the peasant food of the rural population in an often harsh climate, with a combination of plentiful fish, pork, poultry, caviar, mushrooms, berries, and honey.", "Cucumber __knowledge__ Cucumber (\"Cucumis sativus\") is a widely cultivated plant in the gourd family, Cucurbitaceae.", "Cucumber __knowledge__ It is a creeping vine that bears cucumiform fruits that are used as vegetables.", "Cucumber __knowledge__ There are three main varieties of cucumber: \"slicing\", \"pickling\", and \"seedless\".", "Cucumber __knowledge__ Within these varieties, several cultivars have been created.", "Cucumber __knowledge__ In North America, the term \"wild cucumber\" refers to plants in the genera \"Echinocystis\" and \"Marah\", but these are not closely related.", "Cucumber __knowledge__ The cucumber is originally from South Asia, but now grows on most continents.", "Cucumber __knowledge__ Many different types of cucumber are traded on the global market.", "Cucumber __knowledge__ The cucumber is a creeping vine that roots in the ground and grows up trellises or other supporting frames, wrapping around supports with thin, spiraling tendrils.", "Relish __knowledge__ A relish is a cooked and pickled product made of chopped vegetables, fruits or herbs, and is a food item typically used as a condiment, in particular to enhance a staple.", "Relish __knowledge__ Examples are jams, chutneys, and the North American relish, a pickled cucumber jam eaten with hot dogs or hamburgers.", "Relish __knowledge__ In North America, the word \"relish\" is frequently used to describe a single variety of finely-chopped pickled cucumber relish, such as pickle, dill and sweet relishes.", "Relish __knowledge__ Such relishes are commonly used as a condiment, and pickle relish is an important ingredient in many varieties of the U.S. version of tartar sauce.", "Polish cuisine __knowledge__ Polish cuisine is a style of cooking and food preparation originating in or widely popular in Poland.", "Polish cuisine __knowledge__ Polish cuisine has evolved over the centuries to become very eclectic due to Poland's history.", "Polish cuisine __knowledge__ Polish cuisine shares many similarities with other Slavic countries, especially neighboring Czech and Slovak.", "Polish cuisine __knowledge__ It has also been widely influenced by other Central European cuisines, namely German, Austrian and Hungarian cuisines as well as Jewish, French, Turkish and Italian culinary traditions.", "Polish cuisine __knowledge__ It is rich in meat, especially pork, chicken and beef (depending on the region), winter vegetables (cabbage in the dish \"bigos\"), spices, and herbs.", "Pickle soup __knowledge__ Pickle soup is a style of soup prepared with various types of pickled vegetables.", "Pickle soup __knowledge__ Dill pickle soup is a variety of pickle soup prepared with pickled cucumber.", "Pickle soup __knowledge__ Some versions use grated dill pickle in their preparation.", "Pickle soup __knowledge__ Some restaurants in the United States offer the dish to their patrons, such as Polish grocery stores and restaurants in Chicago's south side.", "Pickle soup __knowledge__ \"Rassolnik\" is a sour soup in Russian cuisine prepared with primary ingredients of stock, dill pickle, veal or lamb kidneys, pearl barley and potato.", "Pickle soup __knowledge__ The key part of rassolnik is the pickle brine called \"rassol\" in Russian.", "Pickle soup __knowledge__ Additional ingredients may include beef stock, carrot, leek, salt, pepper, and others." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pickled cucumber __knowledge__ A pickled cucumber (commonly known as a pickle in the United States and Canada and a gherkin in Britain, Ireland, Australia, South Africa and New Zealand) is a cucumber that has been pickled in a brine, vinegar, or other solution and left to ferment for a period of time, by either immersing the cucumbers in an acidic solution or through souring by lacto-fermentation.", "Pickled cucumber __knowledge__ A gherkin is a variety of cucumber: the West Indian or burr gherkin (\"Cucumis anguria\"), which produces a somewhat smaller fruit than the garden cucumber (\"Cucumis sativus\").", "Pickled cucumber __knowledge__ Gherkins are cooked, eaten raw, or used as pickles.", "Pickled cucumber __knowledge__ Gherkins are usually picked when 4 to 8 cm (1 to 3 in) in length and pickled in jars or cans with vinegar (often flavoured with herbs, particularly dill; hence, \"dill pickle\") or brine.", "Pickled cucumber __knowledge__ Sugar is also a popular addition, in which case the label typically shows \"Sweet Gherkins\".", "Pickled cucumber __knowledge__ Cornichons are tart French pickles made from small gherkins pickled in vinegar and tarragon.", "Pickled cucumber __knowledge__ They traditionally accompany pâtés and cold cuts.", "Pickled cucumber __knowledge__ Brined pickles are prepared using the traditional process of natural fermentation in a brine which makes them grow sour.", "Pickled cucumber __knowledge__ The brine concentration can vary between 20 to more than 40 grams of salt per litre of water ( or ).", "Mélanie Lipinska __knowledge__ Mélanie Lipinska (1865–1933) was a Polish-French physician and historian of women in medicine.", "Mélanie Lipinska __knowledge__ She held a laureate from the Académie de médecine de Paris.", "Mélanie Lipinska __knowledge__ She was best known for her contributions as a historian of women physicians.", "Mélanie Lipinska __knowledge__ She received recognition for her thesis \"Histore des Femmes Medicins,\" which she submitted in 1900.", "Mélanie Lipinska __knowledge__ Mélanie Lipinska was born in Warsaw, Poland.", "Mélanie Lipinska __knowledge__ Lipinska was blind during her time of scientific contribution.", "Mélanie Lipinska __knowledge__ Although she was born in Poland, she spent much of her adult life in France.", "Mélanie Lipinska __knowledge__ She attended the University of Paris medical school.", "Mélanie Lipinska __knowledge__ Her initial training as a physician was in Polish hospitals.", "Nuclear binding energy __knowledge__ Nuclear binding energy is the \"minimum\" energy that would be required to disassemble the nucleus of an atom into its component parts.", "Nuclear binding energy __knowledge__ These component parts are neutrons and protons, which are collectively called nucleons.", "Nuclear binding energy __knowledge__ The binding energy is always a positive number, as we need to spend energy in moving the nucleons away from each other (attracted by nuclear force).", "Nuclear binding energy __knowledge__ The mass of an atomic nucleus is less than the sum of the individual masses of the free protons and neutrons (according to Einstein's equation E=mc) and this 'missing mass' is known as the mass defect, and represents the energy that was released when the nucleus was formed.", "Uniform Certified Public Accountant Examination __knowledge__ The Uniform Certified Public Accountant Examination is the examination administered to people who wish to become U.S. Certified Public Accountants.", "Uniform Certified Public Accountant Examination __knowledge__ The CPA Exam is used by the regulatory bodies of all fifty states plus the District of Columbia, Guam, Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands and the Northern Mariana Islands.", "Uniform Certified Public Accountant Examination __knowledge__ The CPA Exam is developed, maintained and scored by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) and administered at Prometric test centers in partnership with the National Association of State Boards of Accountancy (NASBA).", "Uniform Certified Public Accountant Examination __knowledge__ The CPA exam is aligned to professional practice.", "Barbecue in the United States __knowledge__ In the United States, barbecue refers to a technique of cooking that involves cooking pulled pork outdoors, over a fire; often this is called \"pit barbecue\", and the facility for cooking it is the \"barbecue pit\".", "Barbecue in the United States __knowledge__ This form of cooking adds a distinctive smoky taste to the meat; barbecue sauce, while a common accompaniment, is not required for many styles.", "Barbecue in the United States __knowledge__ Often the proprietors of Southern-style barbecue establishments in other areas originate from the South.", "Barbecue in the United States __knowledge__ In the South, barbecue is more than just a style of cooking, but a subculture with wide variation between regions, and fierce rivalry for titles at barbecue competitions.", "Magnetic pulse welding __knowledge__ Magnetic pulse welding (MPW) is a solid state welding process that uses magnetic forces to weld two workpieces together.", "Magnetic pulse welding __knowledge__ The welding mechanism is most similar to that of explosion welding.", "Magnetic pulse welding __knowledge__ Magnetic pulse welding started in the early 1970s, when the automotive industry began to use solid state welding.", "Magnetic pulse welding __knowledge__ The biggest advantage using magnetic pulse welding is that the formation of brittle intermetallic phases is avoided.", "Magnetic pulse welding __knowledge__ Therefore, dissimilar metals can be welded, which cannot be joined by fusion welding.", "Magnetic pulse welding __knowledge__ With magnetic pulse welding high quality welds in similar and dissimilar metals can be made in microseconds without the need for shielding gases or welding consumables.", "Reactions to the Duke lacrosse case __knowledge__ The 2006 Duke University lacrosse case resulted in a great deal of coverage in the local and national media as well as a widespread community response at Duke and in the Durham, North Carolina area.", "Reactions to the Duke lacrosse case __knowledge__ The case attracted widespread media attention almost from the moment it became public.", "Reactions to the Duke lacrosse case __knowledge__ The apparent circumstances—three white males (David Evans, Reade Seligmann, and Collin Finnerty) from privileged backgrounds at an elite university apparently taking advantage of a student and single mother (Crystal Gail Mangum) from a crosstown black college (NCCU), trying to make ends meet by working as a stripper and escort—seemed tailor-made for wall-to-wall coverage.", "Operationalization __knowledge__ In research design, especially in psychology, social sciences, life sciences, and physics, operationalization is a process of defining the measurement of a phenomenon that is not directly measurable, though its existence is indicated by other phenomena.", "Operationalization __knowledge__ Operationalization is thus the process of defining a fuzzy concept so as to make it clearly distinguishable, measurable, and understandable in terms of empirical observations.", "Operationalization __knowledge__ In a wider sense, it refers to the process of specifying the extension of a concept—describing what is and is not an instance of that concept.", "Operationalization __knowledge__ For example, in medicine, the phenomenon of health might be operationalized by one or more indicators like body mass index or tobacco smoking.", "Pickling __knowledge__ Pickling is the process of preserving or expanding the lifespan of food by either anaerobic fermentation in brine or immersion in vinegar.", "Pickling __knowledge__ The resulting food is called a \"pickle\", or, to prevent ambiguity, prefaced with the adjective \"pickled\".", "Pickling __knowledge__ The pickling procedure will typically affect the food's texture and flavor.", "Pickling __knowledge__ In East Asia, vinaigrette (vegetable oil and vinegar) is also used as a pickling medium.", "Pickling __knowledge__ Foods that are pickled include meats, fruits, eggs, and vegetables.", "Pickling __knowledge__ Another distinguishing characteristic is a pH of 4.6 or lower, which is sufficient to kill most bacteria.", "Pickling __knowledge__ Pickling can preserve perishable foods for months.", "Borscht __knowledge__ Borscht () is a sour soup popular in several Eastern European cuisines, including Ukrainian, Russian, Polish, Belarusian, Lithuanian, Romanian, Ashkenazi Jewish and Armenian cuisines.", "Borscht __knowledge__ The variety most commonly associated with the name in English is of Ukrainian origin and includes beetroots as one of the main ingredients, which gives the dish its distinctive red color.", "Borscht __knowledge__ It shares the name, however, with a wide selection of sour-tasting soups without beetroots, such as sorrel-based green borscht, rye-based white borscht and cabbage borscht.", "Borscht __knowledge__ Borscht derives from an ancient soup originally cooked from pickled stems, leaves and umbels of common hogweed (\"Heracleum sphondylium\"), a herbaceous plant growing in damp meadows, which lent the dish its Slavic name.", "Pickled pepper __knowledge__ A pickled pepper is a \"Capsicum\" pepper preserved by pickling, which usually involves submersion in a brine of vinegar and salted water with herbs and spices, including peppercorns, coriander, dill, and bay leaf.", "Pickled pepper __knowledge__ Common pickled peppers are the banana pepper, the Cubanelle, the bell pepper, sweet and hot cherry peppers, the Hungarian wax pepper, the Greek pepper, the serrano pepper, and the jalapeño.", "Pickled pepper __knowledge__ They are often found in supermarkets alongside pickled cucumbers.", "Pickled pepper __knowledge__ Pickled sliced jalapeños are also used frequently for topping nachos and other Mexican dishes.", "Pickled pepper __knowledge__ These peppers are a common ingredient used by sandwich shops such as Quiznos, Subway, and Wawa.", "Ketchup __knowledge__ Ketchup (formerly catsup) is a condiment.", "Ketchup __knowledge__ Traditionally, recipes used egg whites, mushrooms, oysters, mussels, or walnuts, among other ingredients, but in modern times the unmodified term usually refers to \"tomato ketchup\".", "Ketchup __knowledge__ Ketchup is a sweet and tangy sauce typically made from tomatoes, sweetener, and vinegar, with assorted seasonings and spices.", "Ketchup __knowledge__ The latter vary by recipe, but commonly include onions, allspice, coriander, cloves, cumin, garlic, mustard and sometimes celery, cinnamon or ginger.", "Ketchup __knowledge__ The market leader in the United States (60% market share) and United Kingdom (82%) is Heinz.", "Ketchup __knowledge__ Hunt's has the second biggest share of the US market with less than 20%.", "Pickled egg __knowledge__ Pickled eggs are typically hard boiled eggs that are cured in vinegar or brine.", "Pickled egg __knowledge__ As with many foods, this was originally a way to preserve the food so that it could be eaten months later.", "Pickled egg __knowledge__ Pickled eggs have since become a favourite among many as a snack or hors d'œuvre popular in pubs, bars and taverns, and around the world in places where beer is served.", "Pickled egg __knowledge__ After the eggs are hard boiled, the shell is removed and they are submerged in a solution of vinegar, salt, spices, and other seasonings.", "Pickled egg __knowledge__ Recipes vary from the traditional brine solution for pickles, to other solutions, which can impart a sweet or spicy taste.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ Filipino cuisine (Filipino: \"Lutuing Filipino\" or \"Pagkaing Filipino\") is composed of the cuisines of 135 distinct ethno-linguistic tribes found within the Philippine archipelago, however, majority of mainstream Filipino dishes that compose Filipino cuisine are from the cuisines of the Bikol, Chabakano, Hiligaynon, Ilokano, Kapampangan, Meranaw, Pangasinan, Sebwano (or Bisaya), Tagalog, and Waray ethno-linguistic tribes.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ The style of cooking and the food associated with it have evolved over many centuries from their Austronesian origins (shared with Malaysian and Indonesian cuisines) to a mixed cuisine of Indian, Chinese, Spanish, and American influences, in line with the major waves of influence that had enriched the cultures of the archipelago, as well as others adapted to indigenous ingredients and the local palate." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pickled cucumber __knowledge__ A pickled cucumber (commonly known as a pickle in the United States and Canada and a gherkin in Britain, Ireland, Australia, South Africa and New Zealand) is a cucumber that has been pickled in a brine, vinegar, or other solution and left to ferment for a period of time, by either immersing the cucumbers in an acidic solution or through souring by lacto-fermentation.", "Pickled cucumber __knowledge__ A gherkin is a variety of cucumber: the West Indian or burr gherkin (\"Cucumis anguria\"), which produces a somewhat smaller fruit than the garden cucumber (\"Cucumis sativus\").", "Pickled cucumber __knowledge__ Gherkins are cooked, eaten raw, or used as pickles.", "Pickled cucumber __knowledge__ Gherkins are usually picked when 4 to 8 cm (1 to 3 in) in length and pickled in jars or cans with vinegar (often flavoured with herbs, particularly dill; hence, \"dill pickle\") or brine.", "Pickled cucumber __knowledge__ Sugar is also a popular addition, in which case the label typically shows \"Sweet Gherkins\".", "Pickled cucumber __knowledge__ Cornichons are tart French pickles made from small gherkins pickled in vinegar and tarragon.", "Pickled cucumber __knowledge__ They traditionally accompany pâtés and cold cuts.", "Pickled cucumber __knowledge__ Brined pickles are prepared using the traditional process of natural fermentation in a brine which makes them grow sour.", "Pickled cucumber __knowledge__ The brine concentration can vary between 20 to more than 40 grams of salt per litre of water ( or ).", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Ek Tha Chandar Ek Thi Sudha (Hindi: एक था चन्दर एक थी सुधा English: One was Chander one was Sudha) is an Indian biopic television series, which premiered on 21 September 2015 and is broadcast on Life OK.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is produced by Garima Productions of Ashwni Dhir.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series airs on every Monday to Friday nights.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is a tragic love story and is a 20-episode series.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story of the series is based on Dharamvir Bharati’s iconic novel, \"Gunahon Ka Devta\".", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Rahil Azam and Umang Jain will play the male and female lead roles respectively.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story starts with an illustration that it is a story about love near Allahabad.", "John L. McKenzie __knowledge__ John Lawrence McKenzie (October 9, 1910 – March 2, 1991) was born on October 9, 1910, in Brazil, Indiana, the first of the six children of Myra (Daly) and Harry McKenzie.", "John L. McKenzie __knowledge__ John McKenzie became the premier Catholic Biblical scholar of the mid-twentieth century; indeed, John Courtney Murray, SJ, wrote that John McKenzie was \"the best Catholic theologian he knew of in the United States.\"", "John L. McKenzie __knowledge__ John McKenzie was interested in the Jesuits from an early age.", "John L. McKenzie __knowledge__ At some significant sacrifice to his family, he was enrolled in a Jesuit boarding high school in St. Mary’s, Kansas, where he came first in his class three out of his four years there.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ Jiya Jale was a popular Hindi TV serial that aired on 9X channel from 19 November 2007 to 19 June 2008, Monday to Thursday at 8:30 pm IND / 9.00pm UK, based on the concept of love story of Sunaina and Chandan.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The show was replaced by Dahhej, another popular show on 9X.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The show aired again on 9X in 2009 due to its popularity.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The show also aired on Zee Anmol and Zee Lamhee in 2015.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The story is based on the life of an ordinary girl Sunaina, who was brought up in a close and caring family.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The story takes off when Sunaina has just fallen in the love with the idea of love, when she meets Chandan.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The Texarkana Moonlight Murders, a term coined by the news media, references the unsolved murders committed in and around Texarkana in the spring of 1946 by an unidentified serial killer known as the \"Phantom Killer\", or \"Phantom Slayer\".", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The killer is credited with attacking eight people within ten weeks, five of whom were killed.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The attacks happened on weekends between February 22, 1946 and May 3, 1946.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The first two victims, Jimmy Hollis and Mary Larey, survived.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The first double murder, which involved Richard Griffin and Polly Ann Moore, happened four weeks later.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The second double-homicide, involving Paul Martin and Betty Jo Booker, occurred exactly three weeks from the first murders.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ The Plame affair (also known as the CIA leak scandal and Plamegate) was a political scandal that revolved around journalist Robert Novak's public identification of Valerie Plame as a covert Central Intelligence Agency officer in 2003.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ In 2002, Plame wrote a memo to her superiors in which she expressed hesitation in recommending her husband, former diplomat Joseph C. Wilson, to the CIA for a mission to Niger to investigate claims that Iraq had arranged to purchase and import uranium from the country, but stated that he \"may be in a position to assist\".", "Plame affair __knowledge__ After President George W. Bush stated that \"Saddam Hussein recently sought significant quantities of uranium from Africa\" during the run-up to the 2003 invasion of Iraq, Wilson published a July 2003 op-ed in \"The New York Times\" stating his doubts during the mission that any such transaction with Iraq had taken place.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "Pickling __knowledge__ Pickling is the process of preserving or expanding the lifespan of food by either anaerobic fermentation in brine or immersion in vinegar.", "Pickling __knowledge__ The resulting food is called a \"pickle\", or, to prevent ambiguity, prefaced with the adjective \"pickled\".", "Pickling __knowledge__ The pickling procedure will typically affect the food's texture and flavor.", "Pickling __knowledge__ In East Asia, vinaigrette (vegetable oil and vinegar) is also used as a pickling medium.", "Pickling __knowledge__ Foods that are pickled include meats, fruits, eggs, and vegetables.", "Pickling __knowledge__ Another distinguishing characteristic is a pH of 4.6 or lower, which is sufficient to kill most bacteria.", "Pickling __knowledge__ Pickling can preserve perishable foods for months.", "Spreewald gherkins __knowledge__ Spreewald gherkins (German: Spreewälder Gurken or Spreewaldgurken) are a specialty gherkin from Brandenburg, which are protected by the EU as a Protected Geographical Indication (PGI).", "Spreewald gherkins __knowledge__ In the 1870s, Theodor Fontane found that the \"Spreewaldgurke\" stood at the top of the agricultural products in Brandenburg's Spreewald: The secret of the Spreewald gherkins' special taste remained hidden, even to the satirist Fontane.", "Spreewald gherkins __knowledge__ Certainly, the moist soil, rich in humus, and the climate in the Spreewald also contribute to the good growth in the cucumber fields.", "Spreewald gherkins __knowledge__ The actual reason for the taste, which is considered by connoisseurs to be delicate, is found in their processing.", "Cucumber __knowledge__ Cucumber (\"Cucumis sativus\") is a widely cultivated plant in the gourd family, Cucurbitaceae.", "Cucumber __knowledge__ It is a creeping vine that bears cucumiform fruits that are used as vegetables.", "Cucumber __knowledge__ There are three main varieties of cucumber: \"slicing\", \"pickling\", and \"seedless\".", "Cucumber __knowledge__ Within these varieties, several cultivars have been created.", "Cucumber __knowledge__ In North America, the term \"wild cucumber\" refers to plants in the genera \"Echinocystis\" and \"Marah\", but these are not closely related.", "Cucumber __knowledge__ The cucumber is originally from South Asia, but now grows on most continents.", "Cucumber __knowledge__ Many different types of cucumber are traded on the global market.", "Cucumber __knowledge__ The cucumber is a creeping vine that roots in the ground and grows up trellises or other supporting frames, wrapping around supports with thin, spiraling tendrils.", "List of Mr. Pickles characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the series \"Mr. Pickles\".", "List of Mr. Pickles characters __knowledge__ Mr. Pickles – He is the protagonist and the Goodman family's pet Border Collie, the physical embodiment of the Devil and who loves to eat pickles – hence his name – which Tommy regularly feeds him.", "List of Mr. Pickles characters __knowledge__ He also enjoys mutilating, killing and engaging in sexual debauchery with those who pose a threat to Tommy or other protagonists.", "List of Mr. Pickles characters __knowledge__ Mr. Pickles is highly intelligent and possesses incredible strength, surgical skills that he uses to mutilate his victims, the ability to steal from an evil scientist, a high-tech android, and demonic powers which allow him to control local animals to do his bidding.", "Eric Pickles __knowledge__ Sir Eric Jack Pickles (born 20 April 1952) is a British Conservative Party politician who was the Member of Parliament for Brentwood and Ongar from the 1992 general election to the 2017 general election and was the Secretary of State for Communities and Local Government until May 2015.", "Eric Pickles __knowledge__ He was previously the Chairman of the Conservative Party from 2009 to 2010 and is currently the chairman of Conservative Friends of Israel.", "Eric Pickles __knowledge__ He is the United Kingdom Special Envoy for post-Holocaust issues, being appointed in 2015.", "Eric Pickles __knowledge__ Pickles stood down at the 2017 general election, but continued in his role as Special Envoy, and Anti Corruption Champion.", "Rugrats __knowledge__ Rugrats is an American animated television series created by Arlene Klasky, Gábor Csupó and Paul Germain for Nickelodeon.", "Rugrats __knowledge__ The show focuses on a group of toddlers, most prominently Tommy, Chuckie, twins Phil and Lil, and Angelica, and their day-to-day lives, usually involving common life experiences that become adventures in the babies' imaginations.", "Rugrats __knowledge__ Adults in the series are almost always unaware of what the children are up to.", "Rugrats __knowledge__ The series premiered on Sunday, August 11, 1991, as the second Nicktoon after \"Doug\" and preceding \"The Ren & Stimpy Show\".", "Rugrats __knowledge__ Production was initially halted in 1995 after 65 episodes, with the last episode airing on May 22, 1994." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pickled cucumber __knowledge__ A pickled cucumber (commonly known as a pickle in the United States and Canada and a gherkin in Britain, Ireland, Australia, South Africa and New Zealand) is a cucumber that has been pickled in a brine, vinegar, or other solution and left to ferment for a period of time, by either immersing the cucumbers in an acidic solution or through souring by lacto-fermentation.", "Pickled cucumber __knowledge__ A gherkin is a variety of cucumber: the West Indian or burr gherkin (\"Cucumis anguria\"), which produces a somewhat smaller fruit than the garden cucumber (\"Cucumis sativus\").", "Pickled cucumber __knowledge__ Gherkins are cooked, eaten raw, or used as pickles.", "Pickled cucumber __knowledge__ Gherkins are usually picked when 4 to 8 cm (1 to 3 in) in length and pickled in jars or cans with vinegar (often flavoured with herbs, particularly dill; hence, \"dill pickle\") or brine.", "Pickled cucumber __knowledge__ Sugar is also a popular addition, in which case the label typically shows \"Sweet Gherkins\".", "Pickled cucumber __knowledge__ Cornichons are tart French pickles made from small gherkins pickled in vinegar and tarragon.", "Pickled cucumber __knowledge__ They traditionally accompany pâtés and cold cuts.", "Pickled cucumber __knowledge__ Brined pickles are prepared using the traditional process of natural fermentation in a brine which makes them grow sour.", "Pickled cucumber __knowledge__ The brine concentration can vary between 20 to more than 40 grams of salt per litre of water ( or ).", "Pisco sour __knowledge__ A pisco sour is an alcoholic cocktail of Peruvian origin that is typical of the cuisines from Chile and Peru, considered also a South American classic.", "Pisco sour __knowledge__ The drink's name comes from \"pisco\", which is its base liquor, and the cocktail term \"sour\", in reference to sour citrus juice and sweetener components.", "Pisco sour __knowledge__ The Peruvian pisco sour uses Peruvian \"pisco\" as the base liquor and adds freshly squeezed lime juice, syrup, ice, egg white, and Angostura bitters.", "Pisco sour __knowledge__ The Chilean version is similar, but uses Chilean \"pisco\" and pica lime, and excludes the bitters and egg white.", "Pisco sour __knowledge__ Other variants of the cocktail include those created with fruits like pineapple or plants such as coca leaves.", "Sour Milk Sea __knowledge__ \"Sour Milk Sea\" is a song by the English rock singer Jackie Lomax that was released as his debut single on the Beatles' Apple record label in August 1968.", "Sour Milk Sea __knowledge__ It was written by George Harrison during the Beatles' stay in Rishikesh, India, and given to Lomax to help launch Apple Records.", "Sour Milk Sea __knowledge__ The song's recording was the first of many extracurricular musical projects undertaken by Harrison, who produced the track, and a rarity among non-Beatles songs since it features contributions from three members of the band.", "Sour Milk Sea __knowledge__ Along with Harrison, Ringo Starr and Paul McCartney, the musicians on the track were Eric Clapton and session pianist Nicky Hopkins.", "Borscht __knowledge__ Borscht () is a sour soup popular in several Eastern European cuisines, including Ukrainian, Russian, Polish, Belarusian, Lithuanian, Romanian, Ashkenazi Jewish and Armenian cuisines.", "Borscht __knowledge__ The variety most commonly associated with the name in English is of Ukrainian origin and includes beetroots as one of the main ingredients, which gives the dish its distinctive red color.", "Borscht __knowledge__ It shares the name, however, with a wide selection of sour-tasting soups without beetroots, such as sorrel-based green borscht, rye-based white borscht and cabbage borscht.", "Borscht __knowledge__ Borscht derives from an ancient soup originally cooked from pickled stems, leaves and umbels of common hogweed (\"Heracleum sphondylium\"), a herbaceous plant growing in damp meadows, which lent the dish its Slavic name.", "Sweet and sour __knowledge__ Sweet and sour is a generic term that encompasses many styles of sauce, cuisine and cooking methods.", "Sweet and sour __knowledge__ Commonly used in China, it has been used in England since the Middle Ages, and remains popular in Europe and in the Americas.", "Sweet and sour __knowledge__ Some authors say that the original sweet and sour sauce () came from the Chinese province of Hunan, but the sauce in this area is a light vinegar and sugar mixture not resembling what most people, including the Chinese, would call sweet and sour.", "Sweet and sour __knowledge__ Many places in China use a sweet and sour sauce as a dipping sauce for fish and meat, rather than in cooking as is commonly found in westernized Chinese cuisine.", "Art Sour __knowledge__ Arthur William Sour, Jr., known as Art Sour (November 6, 1924 – January 10, 2000), was a Shreveport petroleum and real estate businessman, who was a pioneer in the development of a competitive Republican Party in his native U.S. state of Louisiana.", "Art Sour __knowledge__ A conservative, Sour served in the Louisiana House of Representatives from 1972 to 1992.", "Art Sour __knowledge__ Sour was a son of Arthur W. Sour (1895–1972), a native of Gretna in Jefferson Parish, and the former Adele Elizabeth Diez (1897–1977), a native of Reserve in St. John the Baptist Parish.", "Art Sour __knowledge__ One of Sour's sisters, Louise Pasquier, the widow of Charles F. Pasquier, Sr., was among the founders of St. Joseph Catholic Church in Shreveport.", "Sour cream __knowledge__ Traditionally, sour cream was made by letting cream that was skimmed off the top of milk ferment at a moderate temperature.", "Sour cream __knowledge__ The bacteria that developed during fermentation thickened the cream and made it more acidic, a natural way of preserving it.", "Sour cream __knowledge__ Traditional sour cream contains from 18 to 20 percent butterfat and gets its characteristic tang from the lactic acid created by the bacteria.", "Sour cream __knowledge__ Commercially produced sour cream usually contains 14 percent milk fat, and can contain additional thickening agents such as gelatin, rennet, guar gum and carrageenan, as well as acids to artificially sour the product.", "Stone Sour __knowledge__ Stone Sour is an American rock band formed in Des Moines, Iowa in 1992, performing for five years, before disbanding in 1997.", "Stone Sour __knowledge__ They reunited in 2000 and since 2006, the group has consisted of Corey Taylor (lead vocals, guitar), Josh Rand (guitar) and Roy Mayorga (drums).", "Stone Sour __knowledge__ Longtime members Joel Ekman (drums, percussion), Shawn Economaki (bass guitar), and Jim Root (guitar) left the group in 2006, 2011, and 2014 respectively.", "Stone Sour __knowledge__ To date, Stone Sour have released six studio albums \"Stone Sour\" (2002); \"Come What(ever) May\" (2006); \"Audio Secrecy\" (2010); \"House of Gold & Bones – Part 1\" (2012); \"House of Gold & Bones – Part 2\" (2013) and \"Hydrograd\" (2017).", "Olive __knowledge__ The olive, known by the botanical name Olea europaea, meaning \"European olive\", is a species of small tree in the family Oleaceae, found in the Mediterranean Basin from Portugal to the Levant, the Arabian Peninsula, and southern Asia as far east as China, as well as the Canary Islands and Réunion.", "Olive __knowledge__ The species is cultivated in many places and considered naturalized in all the countries of the Mediterranean coast, as well as in Argentina, Saudi Arabia, Java, Norfolk Island, California, and Bermuda.", "Olive __knowledge__ Olea europeana sylvestris is a subspecies that corresponds to a smaller tree bearing noticeably smaller fruit.", "Tequila __knowledge__ Tequila () is a regional distilled beverage and type of alcoholic drink made from the blue agave plant, primarily in the area surrounding the city of Tequila, northwest of Guadalajara, and in the highlands (\"Los Altos\") of the central western Mexican state of Jalisco.", "Tequila __knowledge__ Aside from differences in region of origin, tequila is a type of mezcal (and the regions of production of the two drinks are overlapping).", "Tequila __knowledge__ The distinction in the method of production is that tequila must use only blue agave plants rather than any type of agave.", "Tequila __knowledge__ Tequila is commonly served neat in Mexico and as a shot with salt and lime across the rest of the world.", "Kimchi __knowledge__ Kimchi (; , ), a staple in Korean cuisine, is a traditional side dish made from salted and fermented vegetables, most commonly napa cabbage and Korean radishes, with a variety of seasonings including chili powder, scallions, garlic, ginger, and \"jeotgal\" (salted seafood).", "Kimchi __knowledge__ There are hundreds of varieties of kimchi made with different vegetables as the main ingredients.", "Kimchi __knowledge__ In traditional preparations, kimchi was stored underground in jars to keep cool, and unfrozen during the winter months.", "Kimchi __knowledge__ With the rise of technology, kimchi refrigerators are more commonly used to make kimchi.", "Kimchi __knowledge__ The term \"ji\" (), which has its origins in archaic Korean \"dihi\" (), has been used to refer to kimchi since ancient times.", "Fermentation __knowledge__ Fermentation is a metabolic process that consumes sugar in the absence of oxygen.", "Fermentation __knowledge__ The products are organic acids, gases, or alcohol.", "Fermentation __knowledge__ It occurs in yeast and bacteria, and also in oxygen-starved muscle cells, as in the case of lactic acid fermentation.", "Fermentation __knowledge__ The science of fermentation is known as zymology.", "Fermentation __knowledge__ In microorganisms, fermentation is the primary means of producing ATP by the degradation of organic nutrients anaerobically.", "Fermentation __knowledge__ Humans have used fermentation to produce drinks and beverages since the Neolithic age.", "Fermentation __knowledge__ For example, fermentation is used for preservation in a process that produces lactic acid as found in such sour foods as pickled cucumbers, kimchi and yogurt (see fermentation in food processing), as well as for producing alcoholic beverages such as wine (see fermentation in winemaking) and beer.", "Pickling __knowledge__ Pickling is the process of preserving or expanding the lifespan of food by either anaerobic fermentation in brine or immersion in vinegar.", "Pickling __knowledge__ The resulting food is called a \"pickle\", or, to prevent ambiguity, prefaced with the adjective \"pickled\".", "Pickling __knowledge__ The pickling procedure will typically affect the food's texture and flavor.", "Pickling __knowledge__ In East Asia, vinaigrette (vegetable oil and vinegar) is also used as a pickling medium.", "Pickling __knowledge__ Foods that are pickled include meats, fruits, eggs, and vegetables.", "Pickling __knowledge__ Another distinguishing characteristic is a pH of 4.6 or lower, which is sufficient to kill most bacteria.", "Pickling __knowledge__ Pickling can preserve perishable foods for months." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 8, 9 ]

[ "Yes. Basically, it is pickled in a brine, vinegar, or other solution and left to ferment.", "I'm really not sure about that but they are only known as pickles in the US and Canada. Other countries call them gherkins. ", "Sometimes cucumbers are brined which is a fermentation process that makes them grow sour.", "Probably if it is not prepared correctly. Brining requires a lot of salt too. I'm not a fan of that." ]

[ "Pickled cucumber", "Pickled cucumber", "Pickled cucumber", "Pickled cucumber" ]

[ "Weight training\nI believe weight training is excellent exercise.", "Yes but also to maintain muscle mass when you age, however I find it kind of boring.", "Yes, and I believe it works better if you take protein supplements.", "Yes, I am a recreational runner and weight training is recommended to avoid injury and improve performance, but it is difficult for me to do it anyway.", "Sounds easy but also like a gimmick I doubt it would be the same or would have any effect at all, I remember those reebock that were suppose to exercise you by being unbalanced or something, I believe they were proven not to work." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Weight training __knowledge__ Weight training is a common type of strength training for developing the strength and size of skeletal muscles.", "Weight training __knowledge__ It utilizes the force of gravity in the form of weighted bars, dumbbells or weight stacks in order to oppose the force generated by muscle through concentric or eccentric contraction.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Weight training uses a variety of specialized to target specific muscle groups and types of movement.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Sports where strength training is central are bodybuilding, weightlifting, powerlifting, and strongman, highland games, shot put, discus throw, and javelin throw.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Many other sports use strength training as part of their training regimen, notably: American football, baseball, basketball, football, hockey, lacrosse, mixed martial arts, rowing, rugby league, rugby union, track and field, and wrestling.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Strength training for other sports and physical activities is popular.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Strength training is an inclusive term that describes all exercises devoted toward increasing physical strength.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Weight training is a type of strength training that uses weights, Eccentric Training or muscular resistance to increase strength.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Endurance training is associated with aerobic exercise while flexibility training is associated with stretching exercise like yoga or pilates.", "Strength training __knowledge__ Strength training is a type of physical exercise specializing in the use of resistance to induce muscular contraction which builds the strength, anaerobic endurance, and size of skeletal muscles.", "Strength training __knowledge__ When properly performed, strength training can provide significant functional benefits and improvement in overall health and well-being, including increased bone, muscle, tendon, and ligament strength and toughness, improved joint function, reduced potential for injury, increased bone density, increased metabolism, increased fitness and improved cardiac function.", "Strength training __knowledge__ Training commonly uses the technique of progressively increasing the force output of the muscle through incremental weight increases and uses a variety of exercises and types of to target specific muscle groups.", "High-intensity training __knowledge__ High-intensity training (HIT) is a form of strength training popularized in the 1970s by Arthur Jones, the founder of Nautilus.", "High-intensity training __knowledge__ The training focuses on performing quality weight training repetitions to the point of momentary muscular failure.", "High-intensity training __knowledge__ The training takes into account the number of repetitions, the amount of weight, and the amount of time the muscle is exposed to tension in order to maximize the amount of muscle fiber recruitment.", "High-intensity training __knowledge__ The fundamental principles of high-intensity training (HIT) are that exercise should be brief, infrequent, and intense.", "High-intensity training __knowledge__ Exercises are performed with a high level of effort, or intensity, where it is thought that it will stimulate the body to produce an increase in muscular strength and size.", "Bulgarian Bag __knowledge__ The Bulgarian Bag ( / Български чувал), also known as the Bulgarian Training Bag (), is a crescent-shaped exercise equipment used in strength training, plyometric weight training, cardiovascular training, and general physical fitness.", "Bulgarian Bag __knowledge__ The bags are made of leather or canvas and filled with sand; they weigh from to and have flexible handles to allow for both upper and lower body training, and for building grip strength.", "Bulgarian Bag __knowledge__ The Bulgarian Bag was invented by Ivan Ivanov at around 2005.", "Bulgarian Bag __knowledge__ Ivanov, a former Bulgarian Olympic athlete, was working as a U.S. Olympic wrestling coach at the Olympic training center in Marquette, Michigan, and was looking for a training tool that would allow his wrestlers to improve explosive actions and dynamic movements involved in pushing, twisting, swinging, pulling, bending, rotating, squatting, lunging, and throwing.", "Body for Life __knowledge__ Body for Life (BFL) is a 12-week nutrition and exercise program, and also an annual physique transformation competition.", "Body for Life __knowledge__ It was created by Bill Phillips, a former competitive bodybuilder and owner of EAS, a manufacturer of nutritional supplements.", "Body for Life __knowledge__ It has been popularized by a bestselling book of the same name.", "Body for Life __knowledge__ The first annual Body for Life competition was held in 1996.", "Body for Life __knowledge__ (It was then called the \"EAS Grand Spokesperson Challenge\".)", "Body for Life __knowledge__ Entrants write about their experience of the program, and send this to EAS along with their 'before' and 'after' swimsuit photos.", "Body for Life __knowledge__ Prizes vary each year, but in 2005 the first prize was US$1,000,000.", "Aristotelian ethics __knowledge__ Aristotle first used the term ethics to name a field of study developed by his predecessors Socrates and Plato.", "Aristotelian ethics __knowledge__ Philosophical ethics is the attempt to offer a rational response to the question of how humans should best live.", "Aristotelian ethics __knowledge__ Aristotle regarded ethics and politics as two related but separate fields of study, since ethics examines the good of the individual, while politics examines the good of the city-state.", "Aristotelian ethics __knowledge__ Aristotle's writings have been read more or less continuously since ancient times, and his ethical treatises in particular continue to influence philosophers working today.", "Aristotelian ethics __knowledge__ Aristotle emphasized the importance of developing excellence (virtue) of character (Greek \"ethikē aretē\"), as the way to achieve what is finally more important, excellent conduct (Greek \"energeia\").", "Gatka __knowledge__ Gatka ( Urdu: \"\") is the name of an Indian martial art associated with the Sikhs of the Punjab region.", "Gatka __knowledge__ It is a style of stick fighting, with wooden sticks intended to simulate swords.", "Gatka __knowledge__ The Punjabi name \"gatka\" properly refers to the wooden stick used.", "Gatka __knowledge__ The word originates as a diminutive of Sanskrit \"gada\" \"mace\".", "Gatka __knowledge__ The style originated in later 19th century, out of sword practice in the British Indian Army, divided in two sub-style, called \"rasmi\" (ritualistic) and \"khel\" (sport) from the 1880s.", "Gatka __knowledge__ There has been a revival during the later 20th century, with an International Gatka Federation was founded in 1982 and formalized in 1987, and gatka is now popular as a sport or sword dance performance art and is often shown during Sikh festivals." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Weight training __knowledge__ Weight training is a common type of strength training for developing the strength and size of skeletal muscles.", "Weight training __knowledge__ It utilizes the force of gravity in the form of weighted bars, dumbbells or weight stacks in order to oppose the force generated by muscle through concentric or eccentric contraction.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Weight training uses a variety of specialized to target specific muscle groups and types of movement.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Sports where strength training is central are bodybuilding, weightlifting, powerlifting, and strongman, highland games, shot put, discus throw, and javelin throw.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Many other sports use strength training as part of their training regimen, notably: American football, baseball, basketball, football, hockey, lacrosse, mixed martial arts, rowing, rugby league, rugby union, track and field, and wrestling.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Strength training for other sports and physical activities is popular.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Strength training is an inclusive term that describes all exercises devoted toward increasing physical strength.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Weight training is a type of strength training that uses weights, Eccentric Training or muscular resistance to increase strength.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Endurance training is associated with aerobic exercise while flexibility training is associated with stretching exercise like yoga or pilates.", "Reduced muscle mass, strength and performance in space __knowledge__ There is a growing research database which suggests that skeletal muscles, particularly postural muscles of the lower limb, undergo atrophy and structural and metabolic alterations during space flight.", "Reduced muscle mass, strength and performance in space __knowledge__ However, the relationships between in-flight exercise, muscle changes and performance are not well understood.", "Reduced muscle mass, strength and performance in space __knowledge__ Efforts should be made to try to understand the current status of in-flight and post-flight exercise performance capacity and what the goals/target areas for protection are with the current in flight exercise program.", "Reduced muscle mass, strength and performance in space __knowledge__ From the very beginning of the U.S. human space program, serious and reasonable concern has been expressed about exposure of humans to the microgravity of space due to the potential systemic effects on terrestrially-evolved life forms that are so suitably adapted to Earth gravity.", "Sarcopenia __knowledge__ Sarcopenia is the degenerative loss of skeletal muscle mass (0.5–1% loss per year after the age of 50), quality, and strength associated with aging.", "Sarcopenia __knowledge__ Sarcopenia is a component of the frailty syndrome.", "Sarcopenia __knowledge__ It is often a component of cachexia.", "Sarcopenia __knowledge__ It can also exist independently of cachexia; whereas cachexia includes malaise and is secondary to an underlying pathosis (such as cancer), sarcopenia may occur in healthy people and does not necessarily include malaise.", "Sarcopenia __knowledge__ The term is from Greek σάρξ \"sarx\", \"flesh\" and πενία \"penia\", \"poverty\".", "Sarcopenia __knowledge__ The ICD-10 Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM), which is the United States' national adaptation of ICD-10, classifies sarcopenia to code M62.84.", "Muscle atrophy __knowledge__ Muscle atrophy is defined as a decrease in the mass of the muscle; it can be a partial or complete wasting away of muscle, and is most commonly experienced when persons suffer temporary disabling circumstances such as being restricted in movement and/or confined to bed as when hospitalized.", "Muscle atrophy __knowledge__ When a muscle atrophies, this leads to muscle weakness, since the ability to exert force is related to mass.", "Muscle atrophy __knowledge__ Modern medicine's understanding of the quick onset of muscle atrophy is a major factor behind the practice of getting hospitalized patients out of bed and moving about as active as possible as soon as is feasible, despite sutures, wounds, broken bones and pain.", "Muscle __knowledge__ Muscle is a soft tissue found in most animals.", "Muscle __knowledge__ Muscle cells contain protein filaments of actin and myosin that slide past one another, producing a contraction that changes both the length and the shape of the cell.", "Muscle __knowledge__ Muscles function to produce force and motion.", "Muscle __knowledge__ They are primarily responsible for maintaining and changing posture, locomotion, as well as movement of internal organs, such as the contraction of the heart and the movement of food through the digestive system via peristalsis.", "Muscle __knowledge__ Muscle tissues are derived from the mesodermal layer of embryonic germ cells in a process known as myogenesis.", "Muscle __knowledge__ There are three types of muscle, skeletal or striated, cardiac, and smooth.", "Strength training __knowledge__ Strength training is a type of physical exercise specializing in the use of resistance to induce muscular contraction which builds the strength, anaerobic endurance, and size of skeletal muscles.", "Strength training __knowledge__ When properly performed, strength training can provide significant functional benefits and improvement in overall health and well-being, including increased bone, muscle, tendon, and ligament strength and toughness, improved joint function, reduced potential for injury, increased bone density, increased metabolism, increased fitness and improved cardiac function.", "Strength training __knowledge__ Training commonly uses the technique of progressively increasing the force output of the muscle through incremental weight increases and uses a variety of exercises and types of to target specific muscle groups.", "Effect of spaceflight on the human body __knowledge__ Humans venturing into the environment of space can have negative effects on the body.", "Effect of spaceflight on the human body __knowledge__ Significant adverse effects of long-term weightlessness include muscle atrophy and deterioration of the skeleton (spaceflight osteopenia).", "Effect of spaceflight on the human body __knowledge__ Other significant effects include a slowing of cardiovascular system functions, decreased production of red blood cells, balance disorders, eyesight disorders and a weakening of the immune system.", "Effect of spaceflight on the human body __knowledge__ Additional symptoms include fluid redistribution (causing the \"moon-face\" appearance typical in pictures of astronauts experiencing weightlessness), loss of body mass, nasal congestion, sleep disturbance, and excess flatulence.", "Tyrannosaurus __knowledge__ Tyrannosaurus is a genus of coelurosaurian theropod dinosaur.", "Tyrannosaurus __knowledge__ The species Tyrannosaurus rex (\"rex\" meaning \"king\" in Latin) is one of the most well-represented of the large theropods.", "Tyrannosaurus __knowledge__ \"Tyrannosaurus\" lived throughout what is now western North America, on what was then an island continent known as Laramidia.", "Tyrannosaurus __knowledge__ \"Tyrannosaurus\" had a much wider range than other tyrannosaurids.", "Tyrannosaurus __knowledge__ Fossils are found in a variety of rock formations dating to the Maastrichtian age of the upper Cretaceous Period, 68 to 66 million years ago.", "Tyrannosaurus __knowledge__ It was the last known member of the tyrannosaurids, and among the last non-avian dinosaurs to exist before the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction.", "Union Securities __knowledge__ Union Securities Corporation was an independent investment banking firm in existence from 1938 through its acquisition in 1956 although the name would survive through 1972.", "Union Securities __knowledge__ Union Securities was created in 1938 as a spinoff of the investment banking operations of J.", "Union Securities __knowledge__ & W. Seligman & Co. as a result of the Glass-Steagall Act.", "Union Securities __knowledge__ In 1956, the firm merged with Eastman Dillon & Co.", "Union Securities __knowledge__ The Union Securities name remained until 1972, when what was then known as Eastman Dillon Union Securities merged with Blyth & Co. to form Blyth, Eastman Dillon & Co. That firm was later acquired by Paine Webber, which is today a part of UBS The firm's predecessor, J.", "Blyth, Eastman Dillon & Co. __knowledge__ Blyth, Eastman Dillon & Co. (Blyth Eastman or BEDCO) was an American investment bank founded in 1914.", "Blyth, Eastman Dillon & Co. __knowledge__ Blyth Eastman operated for many years as one of the only major investment banking firms on the West Coast of the U.S. At the time of its acquisition, Blyth Eastman had more than 700 finance related employees with over 70 branch offices across the U.S. Blyth Eastman was among the top ten largest investment banks at the time of its acquisition.", "Blyth, Eastman Dillon & Co. __knowledge__ Blyth Eastman was a leader in block trading, institutional investing, commodities brokering, and OTC trades.", "Blyth, Eastman Dillon & Co. __knowledge__ The firm also had a strong corporate banking business." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Weight training __knowledge__ Weight training is a common type of strength training for developing the strength and size of skeletal muscles.", "Weight training __knowledge__ It utilizes the force of gravity in the form of weighted bars, dumbbells or weight stacks in order to oppose the force generated by muscle through concentric or eccentric contraction.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Weight training uses a variety of specialized to target specific muscle groups and types of movement.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Sports where strength training is central are bodybuilding, weightlifting, powerlifting, and strongman, highland games, shot put, discus throw, and javelin throw.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Many other sports use strength training as part of their training regimen, notably: American football, baseball, basketball, football, hockey, lacrosse, mixed martial arts, rowing, rugby league, rugby union, track and field, and wrestling.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Strength training for other sports and physical activities is popular.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Strength training is an inclusive term that describes all exercises devoted toward increasing physical strength.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Weight training is a type of strength training that uses weights, Eccentric Training or muscular resistance to increase strength.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Endurance training is associated with aerobic exercise while flexibility training is associated with stretching exercise like yoga or pilates.", "Bodybuilding supplement __knowledge__ Athletes in ancient Greece were advised to consume large quantities of meat and wine.", "Bodybuilding supplement __knowledge__ A number of herbal concoctions and tonics have been used by strong men and athletes since ancient times across cultures to try to increase their strength and stamina.", "Bodybuilding supplement __knowledge__ In the 1910s, Eugen Sandow, widely considered to be the first modern bodybuilder in the West, advocated the use of dietary control to enhance muscle growth.", "Bodybuilding supplement __knowledge__ Later, bodybuilder Earle Liederman advocated the use of \"beef juice\" or \"beef extract\" (basically, consomme) as a way to enhance muscle recovery.", "Bodybuilding supplement __knowledge__ In 1950s with recreational and competitive bodybuilding becoming increasingly popular Irvin P. Johnson began to popularize and market egg-based protein powders marketed specifically at bodybuilders and physical athletes.", "Gastric bypass surgery __knowledge__ Gastric bypass surgery refers to a surgical procedure in which the stomach is divided into a small upper pouch and a much larger lower \"remnant\" pouch and then the small intestine is rearranged to connect to both.", "Gastric bypass surgery __knowledge__ Surgeons have developed several different ways to reconnect the intestine, thus leading to several different gastric bypass (GBP) procedures.", "Gastric bypass surgery __knowledge__ Any GBP leads to a marked reduction in the functional volume of the stomach, accompanied by an altered physiological and physical response to food.", "Gastric bypass surgery __knowledge__ The operation is prescribed to treat morbid obesity (defined as a body mass index greater than 40), type 2 diabetes, hypertension, sleep apnea, and other comorbid conditions.", "Protein (nutrient) __knowledge__ Proteins are essential nutrients for the human body.", "Protein (nutrient) __knowledge__ They are one of the building blocks of body tissue, and can also serve as a fuel source.", "Protein (nutrient) __knowledge__ As a fuel, proteins provide as much energy density as carbohydrates: 4 kcal (17 kJ) per gram; in contrast, lipids provide 9 kcal (37 kJ) per gram.", "Protein (nutrient) __knowledge__ The most important aspect and defining characteristic of protein from a nutritional standpoint is its amino acid composition.", "Protein (nutrient) __knowledge__ Proteins are polymer chains made of amino acids linked together by peptide bonds.", "Protein (nutrient) __knowledge__ During human digestion, proteins are broken down in the stomach to smaller polypeptide chains via hydrochloric acid and protease actions.", "Dietary supplement __knowledge__ Dietary supplements can provide nutrients and extracts from food sources individually or in combination in order to increase the quantity of their consumption.", "Dietary supplement __knowledge__ The class of nutrient compounds includes vitamins, minerals, fiber, fatty acids, or amino acids.", "Dietary supplement __knowledge__ Dietary supplements can also contain substances that have not been confirmed as being essential to life, but are marketed as having a beneficial biological effect, such as plant pigments or polyphenols.", "Dietary supplement __knowledge__ These are also sold individually and in combination, and may be combined with nutrient ingredients.", "Dietary supplement __knowledge__ In the United States and Canada, dietary supplements are considered a subset of foods, and are regulated accordingly.", "Bovine spongiform encephalopathy __knowledge__ Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), commonly known as mad cow disease, is a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy and fatal neurodegenerative disease in cattle that may be passed to humans who have eaten infected flesh.", "Bovine spongiform encephalopathy __knowledge__ BSE causes a spongiform degeneration of the brain and spinal cord.", "Bovine spongiform encephalopathy __knowledge__ BSE has a long incubation period, of 2.5 to 5 years, usually affecting adult cattle at a peak age onset of four to five years.", "Bovine spongiform encephalopathy __knowledge__ BSE is caused by a misfolded protein—a prion.", "Bovine spongiform encephalopathy __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, more than 180,000 cattle were infected and 4.4 million slaughtered during the eradication program.", "Bovine spongiform encephalopathy __knowledge__ The disease may be most frequently transmitted to humans by eating food contaminated with the brain, spinal cord, or digestive tract of infected carcasses. However, the infectious agent, although most highly concentrated in nervous tissue, can be found in virtually all tissues throughout the body, including blood.", "Bodybuilding __knowledge__ Bodybuilding is the use of progressive resistance exercise to control and develop one's musculature.", "Bodybuilding __knowledge__ An individual who engages in this activity is referred to as a bodybuilder.", "Bodybuilding __knowledge__ In professional bodybuilding, bodybuilders appear in lineups and perform specified poses (and later individual posing routines) for a panel of judges who rank the competitors based on criteria such as symmetry, muscularity, and conditioning.", "Bodybuilding __knowledge__ Bodybuilders prepare for competitions through a combination of intentional dehydration, elimination of nonessential body fat, and carbohydrate loading to achieve maximum vascularity, as well as tanning to accentuate muscular definition.", "Lactalbumin __knowledge__ Lactalbumin, also known as \"whey protein\", is the albumin contained in milk and obtained from whey.", "Lactalbumin __knowledge__ Lactalbumin is found in the milk of many mammals.", "Lactalbumin __knowledge__ There are alpha and beta lactalbumins; both are contained in milk.", "Lactalbumin __knowledge__ Scientific studies suggest that certain types of lactalbumin (whey protein) can significantly improve immune responsiveness and increase levels of glutathione systemically in animals and possesses antiviral (against viruses), anti-apoptotic (impede cell death) and anti-tumor (against cancers or tumors) activities in humans.", "Lactalbumin __knowledge__ 1.", "Lactalbumin __knowledge__ Influence Of Dietary Lactalbumin Hydrolysate On The Immune System Of Mice And Resistance To Salmonellosis Bounous G., Stevenson M.M., Kongshavn P.A.", "Strength training __knowledge__ Strength training is a type of physical exercise specializing in the use of resistance to induce muscular contraction which builds the strength, anaerobic endurance, and size of skeletal muscles.", "Strength training __knowledge__ When properly performed, strength training can provide significant functional benefits and improvement in overall health and well-being, including increased bone, muscle, tendon, and ligament strength and toughness, improved joint function, reduced potential for injury, increased bone density, increased metabolism, increased fitness and improved cardiac function.", "Strength training __knowledge__ Training commonly uses the technique of progressively increasing the force output of the muscle through incremental weight increases and uses a variety of exercises and types of to target specific muscle groups.", "Reduced muscle mass, strength and performance in space __knowledge__ There is a growing research database which suggests that skeletal muscles, particularly postural muscles of the lower limb, undergo atrophy and structural and metabolic alterations during space flight.", "Reduced muscle mass, strength and performance in space __knowledge__ However, the relationships between in-flight exercise, muscle changes and performance are not well understood.", "Reduced muscle mass, strength and performance in space __knowledge__ Efforts should be made to try to understand the current status of in-flight and post-flight exercise performance capacity and what the goals/target areas for protection are with the current in flight exercise program.", "Reduced muscle mass, strength and performance in space __knowledge__ From the very beginning of the U.S. human space program, serious and reasonable concern has been expressed about exposure of humans to the microgravity of space due to the potential systemic effects on terrestrially-evolved life forms that are so suitably adapted to Earth gravity.", "Body for Life __knowledge__ Body for Life (BFL) is a 12-week nutrition and exercise program, and also an annual physique transformation competition.", "Body for Life __knowledge__ It was created by Bill Phillips, a former competitive bodybuilder and owner of EAS, a manufacturer of nutritional supplements.", "Body for Life __knowledge__ It has been popularized by a bestselling book of the same name.", "Body for Life __knowledge__ The first annual Body for Life competition was held in 1996.", "Body for Life __knowledge__ (It was then called the \"EAS Grand Spokesperson Challenge\".)", "Body for Life __knowledge__ Entrants write about their experience of the program, and send this to EAS along with their 'before' and 'after' swimsuit photos.", "Body for Life __knowledge__ Prizes vary each year, but in 2005 the first prize was US$1,000,000.", "Muscle __knowledge__ Muscle is a soft tissue found in most animals.", "Muscle __knowledge__ Muscle cells contain protein filaments of actin and myosin that slide past one another, producing a contraction that changes both the length and the shape of the cell.", "Muscle __knowledge__ Muscles function to produce force and motion.", "Muscle __knowledge__ They are primarily responsible for maintaining and changing posture, locomotion, as well as movement of internal organs, such as the contraction of the heart and the movement of food through the digestive system via peristalsis.", "Muscle __knowledge__ Muscle tissues are derived from the mesodermal layer of embryonic germ cells in a process known as myogenesis.", "Muscle __knowledge__ There are three types of muscle, skeletal or striated, cardiac, and smooth.", "Muscle contraction __knowledge__ Muscle contraction is the activation of tension-generating sites within muscle fibers.", "Muscle contraction __knowledge__ In physiology, muscle contraction does not necessarily mean muscle shortening because muscle tension can be produced without changes in muscle length such as holding a heavy book or a dumbbell at the same position.", "Muscle contraction __knowledge__ The termination of muscle contraction is followed by muscle relaxation, which is a return of the muscle fibers to their low tension-generating state.", "Muscle contraction __knowledge__ Muscle contractions can be described based on two variables: length and tension.", "Muscle contraction __knowledge__ A muscle contraction is described as isometric if the muscle tension changes but the muscle length remains the same.", "Bodyweight exercise __knowledge__ Bodyweight exercises are strength training exercises that do not require free weights or machines as the individual's own weight provides resistance against gravity.", "Bodyweight exercise __knowledge__ It is recognised that bodyweight exercises can enhance a range of biomotor abilities including strength, power, endurance, speed, flexibility, coordination and balance.", "Bodyweight exercise __knowledge__ This type of strength training has grown in popularity for both recreational and professional athletes, with a range of sports disciplines using bodyweight resistance training as part of their fitness programs.", "Bodyweight exercise __knowledge__ Bodyweight training utilises simple abilities such as pushing, pulling, squatting, bending, twisting and balancing." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Weight training __knowledge__ Weight training is a common type of strength training for developing the strength and size of skeletal muscles.", "Weight training __knowledge__ It utilizes the force of gravity in the form of weighted bars, dumbbells or weight stacks in order to oppose the force generated by muscle through concentric or eccentric contraction.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Weight training uses a variety of specialized to target specific muscle groups and types of movement.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Sports where strength training is central are bodybuilding, weightlifting, powerlifting, and strongman, highland games, shot put, discus throw, and javelin throw.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Many other sports use strength training as part of their training regimen, notably: American football, baseball, basketball, football, hockey, lacrosse, mixed martial arts, rowing, rugby league, rugby union, track and field, and wrestling.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Strength training for other sports and physical activities is popular.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Strength training is an inclusive term that describes all exercises devoted toward increasing physical strength.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Weight training is a type of strength training that uses weights, Eccentric Training or muscular resistance to increase strength.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Endurance training is associated with aerobic exercise while flexibility training is associated with stretching exercise like yoga or pilates.", "Strength training __knowledge__ Strength training is a type of physical exercise specializing in the use of resistance to induce muscular contraction which builds the strength, anaerobic endurance, and size of skeletal muscles.", "Strength training __knowledge__ When properly performed, strength training can provide significant functional benefits and improvement in overall health and well-being, including increased bone, muscle, tendon, and ligament strength and toughness, improved joint function, reduced potential for injury, increased bone density, increased metabolism, increased fitness and improved cardiac function.", "Strength training __knowledge__ Training commonly uses the technique of progressively increasing the force output of the muscle through incremental weight increases and uses a variety of exercises and types of to target specific muscle groups.", "Weighted clothing __knowledge__ Weighted clothing is clothing that adds weight to various parts of the body, usually as part of resistance training.", "Weighted clothing __knowledge__ The effect is achieved through attaching weighted pieces to the body (or to other garments) which leave the hands free to grasp objects.", "Weighted clothing __knowledge__ Unlike with held weights or machines, weighted clothing can leave users more able to do a variety of movements and manual labour.", "Weighted clothing __knowledge__ In some cases certain weighted clothing can be worn under normal clothing, to disguise its use to allow exercise in casual environments.", "Weighted clothing __knowledge__ The use of weighted clothing is a form of resistance training, generally a kind of weight training.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Underwater diving, as a human activity, is the practice of descending below the water's surface to interact with the environment.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Immersion in water and exposure to high ambient pressure have physiological effects that limit the depths and duration possible in ambient pressure diving.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Humans are not physiologically and anatomically well adapted to the environmental conditions of diving, and various equipment has been developed to extend the depth and duration of human dives, and allow different types of work to be done.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ In ambient pressure diving, the diver is directly exposed to the pressure of the surrounding water.", "Plyometrics __knowledge__ Plyometrics, also known as \"jump training\" or \"plyos\", are exercises in which muscles exert maximum force in short intervals of time, with the goal of increasing power (speed-strength).", "Plyometrics __knowledge__ This training focuses on learning to move from a muscle extension to a contraction in a rapid or \"explosive\" manner, such as in specialized repeated jumping.", "Plyometrics __knowledge__ Plyometrics are primarily used by athletes, especially martial artists, sprinters and high jumpers, to improve performance, and are used in the fitness field to a much lesser degree.", "Plyometrics __knowledge__ Plyometrics includes explosive powerful training exercises that are trained to activate the quick response and elastic properties of the major muscles in the body.", "Treatment of equine lameness __knowledge__ The treatment of equine lameness is a complex subject.", "Treatment of equine lameness __knowledge__ Lameness in horses has a variety of causes, and treatment must be tailored to the type and degree of injury, as well as the financial capabilities of the owner.", "Treatment of equine lameness __knowledge__ Treatment may be applied locally, systemically, or intralesionally, and the strategy for treatment may change as healing progresses.", "Treatment of equine lameness __knowledge__ The end goal is to reduce the pain and inflammation associated with injury, to encourage the injured tissue to heal with normal structure and function, and to ultimately return the horse to the highest level of performance possible following recovery.", "Treatment of equine lameness __knowledge__ Bone heals by formation of a callus over the defective area.", "Powerlifting __knowledge__ Powerlifting is a strength sport that consists of three attempts at maximal weight on three lifts: squat, bench press, and deadlift.", "Powerlifting __knowledge__ As in the sport of Olympic weightlifting, it involves the athlete attempting a maximal weight single lift of a barbell loaded with weight plates.", "Powerlifting __knowledge__ Powerlifting evolved from a sport known as \"odd lifts\", which followed the same three-attempt format but used a wider variety of events, akin to strongman competition.", "Powerlifting __knowledge__ Eventually odd lifts became standardized to the current three.", "Powerlifting __knowledge__ In competition, lifts may be performed equipped or un-equipped (typically referred to as 'raw' lifting or 'classic' in the IPF specifically).", "Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of nine players each who take turns batting and fielding.", "Baseball __knowledge__ The batting team attempts to score runs by hitting a ball (that is thrown by the opposing team's pitcher) with a bat swung by the batter, and then running counter-clockwise around a series of four bases: first, second, third, and home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A run is scored when a player advances around the bases and touches home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Players on the batting team take turns hitting against the pitcher of the fielding team, which tries to prevent runs by getting hitters out in any of several ways.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A player on the batting team who reaches a base safely can later attempt to advance to subsequent bases during teammates' turns batting, such as on a hit or by other means.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ Sports in the United States are an important part of the country's culture.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ Based on revenue, the four major professional sports leagues in the United States are Major League Baseball (MLB), the National Basketball Association (NBA), the National Football League (NFL), and the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ The market for professional sports in the United States is roughly $69 billion, roughly 50% larger than that of all of Europe, the Middle East, and Africa combined.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ Major League Soccer is sometimes included in a \"top five\" of leagues of the country.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ All four enjoy wide-ranging domestic media coverage and are considered the preeminent leagues in their respective sports in the world, although only basketball, baseball, and ice hockey have substantial followings in other nations.", "Multi-purpose stadium __knowledge__ Multi-purpose stadiums are a type of stadium designed to be easily used by multiple types of events.", "Multi-purpose stadium __knowledge__ While any stadium could potentially host more than one type of sport or event, this concept usually refers to a specific design philosophy that stresses multifunctionality over specificity.", "Multi-purpose stadium __knowledge__ It is used most commonly in Canada and the United States, where the two most popular outdoor team sports – football and baseball – require radically different facilities.", "Multi-purpose stadium __knowledge__ Football uses a rectangular field (Canadian football fields are larger than American ones), while baseball is played on a diamond and large outfield.", "Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada __knowledge__ The major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada are the highest professional competitions of team sports in those countries.", "Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada __knowledge__ The four leagues universally included in the definition are Major League Baseball (MLB), the National Basketball Association (NBA), the National Football League (NFL), and the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada __knowledge__ Other prominent leagues include Major League Soccer (MLS) and the Canadian Football League (CFL).", "Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada __knowledge__ The MLB, NBA, NFL and NHL are commonly referred to as the \"Big 4\".", "Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada __knowledge__ Each of these is the wealthiest professional club competition in its sport worldwide, and along with the English Premier League they make up the top five sports leagues by revenue in the world.", "Baseball park __knowledge__ A baseball park, also known as a ballpark or diamond, is a venue where baseball is played.", "Baseball park __knowledge__ A baseball park consists of the playing field and the surrounding spectator seating.", "Baseball park __knowledge__ While the diamond and the areas denoted by white painted lines adhere to strict rules, guidelines for the rest of the field are flexible.", "Baseball park __knowledge__ The term \"ballpark\" sometimes refers either to the entire structure, or sometimes to just the playing field.", "Baseball park __knowledge__ A home run where the player makes it around the bases, and back to home plate, without the ball leaving the playing field is typically called an \"inside-the-park\" home run.", "Baseball park __knowledge__ Sometimes a home run ball passing over an outfield fence (when hit by a batter) is said to have been hit \"out of the ballpark,\" but that phrase more often refers to a home run ball that cleared the stands, landing outside the building." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Weight training __knowledge__ Weight training is a common type of strength training for developing the strength and size of skeletal muscles.", "Weight training __knowledge__ It utilizes the force of gravity in the form of weighted bars, dumbbells or weight stacks in order to oppose the force generated by muscle through concentric or eccentric contraction.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Weight training uses a variety of specialized to target specific muscle groups and types of movement.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Sports where strength training is central are bodybuilding, weightlifting, powerlifting, and strongman, highland games, shot put, discus throw, and javelin throw.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Many other sports use strength training as part of their training regimen, notably: American football, baseball, basketball, football, hockey, lacrosse, mixed martial arts, rowing, rugby league, rugby union, track and field, and wrestling.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Strength training for other sports and physical activities is popular.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Strength training is an inclusive term that describes all exercises devoted toward increasing physical strength.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Weight training is a type of strength training that uses weights, Eccentric Training or muscular resistance to increase strength.", "Weight training __knowledge__ Endurance training is associated with aerobic exercise while flexibility training is associated with stretching exercise like yoga or pilates.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ South African criminal law is the body of national law relating to crime in South Africa.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ In the definition of Van der Walt \"et al\", a crime is \"conduct which common or statute law prohibits and expressly or impliedly subjects to punishment remissible by the state alone and which the offender cannot avoid by his own act once he has been convicted.\"", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ Crime involves the infliction of harm against society.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ The function or object of criminal law is to provide a social mechanism with which to coerce members of society to abstain from conduct that is harmful to the interests of society.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ In South Africa, as in most adversarial legal systems, the standard of evidence required to validate a criminal conviction is proof beyond a reasonable doubt.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "Origin of speech __knowledge__ The origin of speech refers to the more general problem of the origin of language in the context of the physiological development of the human speech organs such as the tongue, lips and vocal organs used to produce phonological units in all human languages.", "Origin of speech __knowledge__ Although related to the more general problem of the origin of language, the evolution of distinctively human speech capacities has become a distinct and in many ways separate area of scientific research.", "Origin of speech __knowledge__ The topic is a separate one because language is not necessarily spoken: it can equally be written or signed.", "Origin of speech __knowledge__ Speech is in this sense optional, although it is the default modality for language.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Pet Sounds is the eleventh studio album by American rock band the Beach Boys, released on May 16, 1966.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ It initially met with a lukewarm critical and commercial response in the United States, peaking at number 10 in the \"Billboard\" 200, a significantly lower placement than the band's preceding albums.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the album was hailed by its music press and was an immediate commercial success, peaking at number 2 in the UK Top 40 Albums Chart and remaining among the top ten positions for six months.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Originally promoted as \"the most progressive pop album ever\", \"Pet Sounds\" attracted recognition for its ambitious recording and unusually sophisticated music, and is widely considered to be one of the most influential albums in music history.", "Qualia __knowledge__ In philosophy and certain models of psychology, qualia ( or ; singular form: quale) are claimed to be individual instances of subjective, conscious experience.", "Qualia __knowledge__ The term \"qualia\" derives from the Latin neuter plural form (\"qualia\") of the Latin adjective \"quālis\" () meaning \"of what sort\" or \"of what kind\" in a specific instance like \"what is it like to taste a specific orange, this particular orange now\".", "Qualia __knowledge__ Examples of qualia include the perceived sensation of pain of a headache, the taste of wine, as well as the redness of an evening sky.", "Qualia __knowledge__ As qualitative characters of sensation, qualia stand in contrast to \"propositional attitudes\", where the focus is on beliefs about experience rather than what is it directly like to be experiencing.", "STS-126 __knowledge__ STS-126 was a Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) flown by Space Shuttle .", "STS-126 __knowledge__ The purpose of the mission, referred to as ULF2 by the ISS program, was to deliver equipment and supplies to the station, to service the Solar Alpha Rotary Joints (SARJ), and repair the problem in the starboard SARJ that had limited its use since STS-120.", "STS-126 __knowledge__ STS-126 launched on 14 November 2008 at 19:55:39 pm EST from Launch Pad 39A at NASA's Kennedy Space Center with no delays or issues.", "STS-126 __knowledge__ \"Endeavour\" successfully docked with the station on 16 November.", "STS-126 __knowledge__ After spending 11 days, 16 hours, and 46 minutes docked to the station, during which the crew performed four spacewalks, and transferred cargo, the orbiter undocked on 28 November 2008.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ A Treatise of Human Nature (1738–40) is a book by Scottish philosopher David Hume, considered by many to be Hume's most important work and one of the most influential works in the history of philosophy.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ The \"Treatise\" is a classic statement of philosophical empiricism, skepticism, and naturalism.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ In the introduction Hume presents the idea of placing all science and philosophy on a novel foundation: namely, an empirical investigation into human nature.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ Impressed by Isaac Newton's achievements in the physical sciences, Hume sought to introduce the same experimental method of reasoning into the study of human psychology, with the aim of discovering the \"extent and force of human understanding\".", "Weighted clothing __knowledge__ Weighted clothing is clothing that adds weight to various parts of the body, usually as part of resistance training.", "Weighted clothing __knowledge__ The effect is achieved through attaching weighted pieces to the body (or to other garments) which leave the hands free to grasp objects.", "Weighted clothing __knowledge__ Unlike with held weights or machines, weighted clothing can leave users more able to do a variety of movements and manual labour.", "Weighted clothing __knowledge__ In some cases certain weighted clothing can be worn under normal clothing, to disguise its use to allow exercise in casual environments.", "Weighted clothing __knowledge__ The use of weighted clothing is a form of resistance training, generally a kind of weight training.", "Private timber reserve (Tasmania) __knowledge__ A private timber reserve is an area of privately owned land, used or intended to be used, for growing timber within the Australian state of Tasmania.", "Private timber reserve (Tasmania) __knowledge__ Landowners can have their land declared as a Private Timber Reserve and protect their right to use private land to grow timber.", "Private timber reserve (Tasmania) __knowledge__ Private land or freehold land refers to land registered under Torrens title.", "Private timber reserve (Tasmania) __knowledge__ A landowner is the person(s) and/or legal entity registered on the Torrens Title.", "Private timber reserve (Tasmania) __knowledge__ Private Timber Reserves are unique, with no other State in Australia, or internationally, providing the land owner with protection of their rights to use their planted land, land they intend to plant or native forests areas, to grow timber.", "Weighted vests for children __knowledge__ Weighted vests for children are sometimes used to alleviate the symptoms of certain developmental disorders such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder or autism in children.", "Weighted vests for children __knowledge__ The vests are weighted down with sand or other heavy materials.", "Weighted vests for children __knowledge__ Their intended effect is to make children who would otherwise be overly active calmer by helping them to control their movements and to concentrate.", "Weighted vests for children __knowledge__ Terms used for such items of clothing include sand vests, compression vests or squeeze jackets.", "Weighted vests for children __knowledge__ There are reviews of the use of weighted clothing in education and therapy, as well as media reports, that indicate that teachers and therapists consider weighted vests effective in curbing children's restlessness and aggressiveness, and improving focus.", "The Biggest Loser (season 6) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Families is the sixth season of the NBC reality television series \"The Biggest Loser\".", "The Biggest Loser (season 6) __knowledge__ The sixth season premiered on September 16, 2008, featuring Alison Sweeney as the host and Bob Harper and Jillian Michaels as the contestants' trainers.", "The Biggest Loser (season 6) __knowledge__ The cast was revealed on August 29, 2008.", "The Biggest Loser (season 6) __knowledge__ Eight duos began the challenge, for a total of 16 contestants.", "The Biggest Loser (season 6) __knowledge__ From Week 1 to Week 5, the Green, Red, Orange and Brown Teams (husband and wives) trained with Bob, while the Purple, Gray, Yellow and Pink Teams (parents and children) trained with Jillian.", "The Biggest Loser (season 6) __knowledge__ In Week 5, these \"Family Teams\" were disbanded and the contestants were split into the Blue Team and the Black Team.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The 2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team (variously \"Alabama\", \"UA\", \"Bama\" or \"The Tide\") represented the University of Alabama in the 2011 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ It was the Crimson Tide's 117th overall and 78th season as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) and its 20th within the SEC Western Division.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The team was led by head coach Nick Saban, in his fifth year, and played their home games at Bryant–Denny Stadium in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ They finished the season with a record of twelve wins and one loss (12–1 overall, 7–1 in the SEC) and as consensus national champions.", "History of clothing and textiles __knowledge__ The study of the history of clothing and textiles traces the availability and use of textiles and other materials.", "History of clothing and textiles __knowledge__ At the same time, the study also helps in tracing the development of technology for the making of clothing over human history.", "History of clothing and textiles __knowledge__ The wearing of clothing is exclusively a human characteristic and is a feature of most human societies.", "History of clothing and textiles __knowledge__ It is not known when humans began wearing clothes but anthropologists believe that animal skins and vegetation were adapted into coverings as protection from cold, heat and rain, especially as humans migrated to new climates.", "History of clothing and textiles __knowledge__ Clothing and textiles have been important in human history.", "Behavioural Insights Team __knowledge__ The Behavioural Insights Team (BIT), also known unofficially as the \"Nudge Unit\", is an organisation that was set up to apply nudge theory (behavioural economics and psychology) to try to improve government policy and services as well as to save the UK government money.", "Behavioural Insights Team __knowledge__ Originally set up as a team within the Cabinet Office, it is now a limited company, Behavioural Insights Limited.", "Behavioural Insights Team __knowledge__ It is headed by psychologist David Halpern.", "Behavioural Insights Team __knowledge__ BIT was set up in 2010 by the coalition government in a probationary fashion.", "Behavioural Insights Team __knowledge__ In April 2013 it was announced that it would be partially privatised as a mutual joint venture." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 5, 13, 44 ]

[ "It is especially good if you want to develope the strength and size of your muscles", "It is a bit boring weight training uses a variety of certain muscle groups together to help build the muscle up", "Many professional and non professional sports use weight training for their players, like Football, baseball, and even track and field", "You could try the weighted clothing available, you just wear it, and you dont have to do an actual work out", "the weighted clothing is a form of resistance training, they do work, when you take them off you feel light as a feather and has been proven to really help runners" ]

[ "Weight training", "Weight training", "Weight training", "Weight training", "Weight training" ]

[ "Japan", "Oh I have always been curious about that area, what are you planning to do there?", "Oh its good that you know a lot about the country, what else should I know?", "Is there anything unique about Japan?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Japan __knowledge__ Japan ( \"Nippon\" or \"Nihon\" ; formally \"\" or \"Nihon-koku\", meaning \"State of Japan\") is a sovereign island nation in East Asia.", "Japan __knowledge__ Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies off the eastern coast of the Asian mainland and stretches from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and China in the southwest.", "Japan __knowledge__ The kanji, or Sino-Japanese characters, that make up Japan's name mean \"sun origin\", and it is often called the \"Land of the Rising Sun\".", "Japan __knowledge__ Japan is a stratovolcanic archipelago consisting of about 6,852 islands.", "Japan __knowledge__ The four largest are Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu and Shikoku, which make up about ninety-seven percent of Japan's land area and often are referred to as home islands.", "Japan __knowledge__ The country is divided into 47 prefectures in eight regions, with Hokkaido being the northernmost prefecture and Okinawa being the southernmost one.", "Japan __knowledge__ The population of 127 million is the world's tenth largest.", "Japan __knowledge__ Japanese people make up 98.5% of Japan's total population.", "Japan __knowledge__ About 9.1 million people live in Tokyo, the capital of Japan.", "Japan __knowledge__ Archaeological research indicates that Japan was inhabited as early as the Upper Paleolithic period.", "Japan __knowledge__ The first written mention of Japan is in Chinese history texts from the 1st century AD." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Japan __knowledge__ Japan ( \"Nippon\" or \"Nihon\" ; formally \"\" or \"Nihon-koku\", meaning \"State of Japan\") is a sovereign island nation in East Asia.", "Japan __knowledge__ Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies off the eastern coast of the Asian mainland and stretches from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and China in the southwest.", "Japan __knowledge__ The kanji, or Sino-Japanese characters, that make up Japan's name mean \"sun origin\", and it is often called the \"Land of the Rising Sun\".", "Japan __knowledge__ Japan is a stratovolcanic archipelago consisting of about 6,852 islands.", "Japan __knowledge__ The four largest are Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu and Shikoku, which make up about ninety-seven percent of Japan's land area and often are referred to as home islands.", "Japan __knowledge__ The country is divided into 47 prefectures in eight regions, with Hokkaido being the northernmost prefecture and Okinawa being the southernmost one.", "Japan __knowledge__ The population of 127 million is the world's tenth largest.", "Japan __knowledge__ Japanese people make up 98.5% of Japan's total population.", "Japan __knowledge__ About 9.1 million people live in Tokyo, the capital of Japan.", "Japan __knowledge__ Archaeological research indicates that Japan was inhabited as early as the Upper Paleolithic period.", "Japan __knowledge__ The first written mention of Japan is in Chinese history texts from the 1st century AD.", "Curious George __knowledge__ Curious George is the protagonist of a series of popular children's books by the same name, written by H. A. Rey and Margret Rey.", "Curious George __knowledge__ The books feature a brown monkey named George, who is brought from his home in Africa by \"The Man with The Yellow Hat\" to live with him in a giant city.", "Curious George __knowledge__ When the first story, \"Cecily G. and the Nine Monkeys\" was published in France in 1939, George was named Fifi.", "Curious George __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, George was originally called \"Zozo\" in 1941, apparently to avoid using the name of the then King George VI for a monkey.", "Curious George __knowledge__ Books featuring the adventures of Curious George have been translated from the original French into many other languages in addition to English.", "M. R. James __knowledge__ Montague Rhodes James (1 August 1862 – 12 June 1936), who published under the name M. R. James, was an English author, medievalist scholar and provost of King's College, Cambridge (1905–18), and of Eton College (1918–36).", "M. R. James __knowledge__ Though James's work as a medievalist is still highly regarded, he is best remembered for his ghost stories, which are regarded as among the best in the genre.", "M. R. James __knowledge__ James redefined the ghost story for the new century by abandoning many of the formal Gothic clichés of his predecessors and using more realistic contemporary settings.", "M. R. James __knowledge__ However, James's protagonists and plots tend to reflect his own antiquarian interests.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ Gag Concert () is a Korean sketch-comedy TV show on KBS 2TV network.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ It began airing in September 1999 and is the oldest of South Korea current comedy programs.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ The show is recorded on Wednesdays and airs on KBS 2TV on Sundays at 9:15 PM.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ The show airs with English subtitles after two weeks on KBS World TV on Saturdays at 6:00 PM.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ \"※ As of 7 January 2018\" \"(Korean: 아무말 대잔치, Starring: Jang Kiyeong, Park Yeongjin, Hong Hwon, Shin Jongryeong, Song Junseok)\" The contest that allows you to say anything.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ Contestants usually say the opposite of what one would expect them to say based on the context.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ \"(Korean: 명훈아 명훈아 명훈아, Starring: Jeong Myeonghun, Kim Minkyeong, Oh Nami, Lee Hyeonjeong)\" Three glamorous ladies try to entice Jeong Myeonghun with their charms.", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ There is also a four-episode OVA sequel.", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ \"Anime Midstream\", Inc. announced in December, 2008, that it acquired the license for and planned to release the anime series Matchless Raijin-Oh in the U.S. sometime in 2009 as their first anime release.", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ The company began selling the first volume of the series direct from their website, as well as several other online retailers as of late December, 2009.", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ The first volume contained episodes 1-5.", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ The second volume, containing episodes 6-10, was released in September 2010, and translated the title beginning with this volume (and current printings of the first volume are now also marketed under that title).", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters for the British television and radio sketch show \"Little Britain\" (and its American spin-off, \"Little Britain USA\").", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played By: David Walliams Appearances: Season 3 Alan works for the Donkey Hospice in the town of Achingballs.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ After contributors give him some money, he blatantly places stickers on embarrassing body parts, such as the genital region or breasts and on someone's rear in a deleted scene.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ He makes one appearance in Series 3.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played by: David Walliams Episodes: Radio Show; Season 1, episodes 4 and 5 Catchphrase: \"I love you Anne\" and \"I need you Anne\" Peter Andre is a royal BBC correspondent who gets sacked after first making surreal and false claims about the Royal Family (such as Prince Charles having magical powers, describing The Queen as \"The Main One\" and mistaking Princess Eugenie for her mother, Sarah, Duchess of York) and then expressing his love for Princess Anne through song.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ Two anime adaptations were produced; one by Toei Animation, which aired from April 4, 1998 to October 10, 1998, and another produced by NAS and animated by Studio Gallop titled \"Yu-Gi-Oh!", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ Duel Monsters\", which aired between April 2000 and September 2004.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ The manga series has spawned a franchise that includes multiple spin-off manga and anime series, a trading card game, and numerous video games.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ Most of the incarnations of the franchise involve the fictional trading card game known as \"Duel Monsters\", where each player uses cards to \"duel\" each other in a mock battle of fantasy \"monsters\".", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ This forms the basis for the real life \"Yu-Gi-Oh!", "São Paulo __knowledge__ São Paulo (; ) is a municipality in the southeast region of Brazil.", "São Paulo __knowledge__ The metropolis is an alpha global city (as listed by the GaWC) and the most populous city in Brazil, the Western Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere.", "São Paulo __knowledge__ The municipality is also the Earth's 13th largest city proper by population.", "São Paulo __knowledge__ The city is the capital of the surrounding state of São Paulo, one of 26 constituent states of the republic.", "São Paulo __knowledge__ It is the most populous and wealthiest city in Brazil.", "São Paulo __knowledge__ It exerts strong international influences in commerce, finance, arts and entertainment.", "São Paulo __knowledge__ The name of the city honors the Apostle, Saint Paul of Tarsus.", "Tokyo __knowledge__ Tokyo (, ), officially Tokyo Metropolis, is the capital city of Japan and one of its 47 prefectures.", "Tokyo __knowledge__ The Greater Tokyo Area is the most populous metropolitan area in the world.", "Tokyo __knowledge__ It is the seat of the Emperor of Japan and the Japanese government.", "Tokyo __knowledge__ Tokyo is in the Kantō region on the southeastern side of the main island Honshu and includes the Izu Islands and Ogasawara Islands.", "Tokyo __knowledge__ Formerly known as Edo, it has been the de facto seat of government since 1603 when Shogun Tokugawa Ieyasu made the city his headquarters.", "Tokyo __knowledge__ It officially became the capital after Emperor Meiji moved his seat to the city from the old capital of Kyoto in 1868; at that time Edo was renamed Tokyo.", "Japan Airlines __knowledge__ , is the flag carrier airline of Japan and the second largest in the country behind All Nippon Airways.", "Japan Airlines __knowledge__ It is headquartered in Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan; and its main hubs are Tokyo's Narita International Airport and Tokyo International Airport (Haneda Airport), as well as Osaka's Kansai International Airport and Osaka International Airport.", "Japan Airlines __knowledge__ JAL group companies include Japan Airlines, J-Air, JAL Express, Japan Air Commuter, Japan Transocean Air and Ryukyu Air Commuter for domestic feeder services; and JAL Cargo for cargo and mail services.", "Japan Airlines __knowledge__ JAL group operations include scheduled and non-scheduled international and domestic passenger and cargo services to 220 destinations in 35 countries worldwide, including codeshares.", "List of major power outages __knowledge__ This is a list of notable wide-scale power outages.", "List of major power outages __knowledge__ To be included, the power outage must conform to \"all\" of the following criteria: In other words: On the evening of November 9, the Northeast blackout of 1965 affected portions of seven northeastern states in the United States and the province of Ontario in Canada.", "List of major power outages __knowledge__ On August 5, a 50-mile stretch of Florida's gold coast was hit with a general power failure after an explosion at the Cutler Ridge facility.", "List of major power outages __knowledge__ The outage affected more than 2 million people, and created a vast traffic jam.", "List of major power outages __knowledge__ Miami and Ft. Lauderdale downtown areas were offline for almost two hours, with other areas dark for much longer periods.", "History of Toronto Island Airport __knowledge__ Originally conceived in the 1930s as the main airport for Toronto, the Toronto island airport (today known as Billy Bishop Toronto City Airport) has long been a source for political debate as to the proper use of its waterfront site in central Toronto.", "History of Toronto Island Airport __knowledge__ Building the airport necessitated the closure of park lands, a hotel, cottages and an amusement park on the Toronto Island site.", "History of Toronto Island Airport __knowledge__ Construction of the airport in the late 1930s was stopped and started and its final construction only went ahead after the death of the Toronto mayor who had opposed its construction.", "History of Toronto Island Airport __knowledge__ At the same time, Toronto built Malton Airport as a secondary air field, but it was Malton that became Toronto's main airport.", "Global storm activity of 2010 __knowledge__ The global storm activity of 2010 includes major meteorological events in the Earth's atmosphere during the year, including winter storms (blizzards, ice storms, European windstorms), hailstorms, out of season monsoon rain storms, extratropical cyclones, gales, microbursts, flooding, rainstorms, tropical cyclones, and other severe weather events.", "Global storm activity of 2010 __knowledge__ The thunderstorm season for the Northern Hemisphere began near spring, beginning on March 1, and ending on August 31.", "Global storm activity of 2010 __knowledge__ Fresh overnight snowfall on New Year's Eve and New Year's Day caused disruption in north east England, with roads across Northumberland, Tyne and Wear, County Durham and Teesside affected." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Japan __knowledge__ Japan ( \"Nippon\" or \"Nihon\" ; formally \"\" or \"Nihon-koku\", meaning \"State of Japan\") is a sovereign island nation in East Asia.", "Japan __knowledge__ Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies off the eastern coast of the Asian mainland and stretches from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and China in the southwest.", "Japan __knowledge__ The kanji, or Sino-Japanese characters, that make up Japan's name mean \"sun origin\", and it is often called the \"Land of the Rising Sun\".", "Japan __knowledge__ Japan is a stratovolcanic archipelago consisting of about 6,852 islands.", "Japan __knowledge__ The four largest are Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu and Shikoku, which make up about ninety-seven percent of Japan's land area and often are referred to as home islands.", "Japan __knowledge__ The country is divided into 47 prefectures in eight regions, with Hokkaido being the northernmost prefecture and Okinawa being the southernmost one.", "Japan __knowledge__ The population of 127 million is the world's tenth largest.", "Japan __knowledge__ Japanese people make up 98.5% of Japan's total population.", "Japan __knowledge__ About 9.1 million people live in Tokyo, the capital of Japan.", "Japan __knowledge__ Archaeological research indicates that Japan was inhabited as early as the Upper Paleolithic period.", "Japan __knowledge__ The first written mention of Japan is in Chinese history texts from the 1st century AD.", "The Monkees __knowledge__ The Monkees are an American rock and pop band originally active between 1965 and 1971, with subsequent reunion albums and tours in the decades that followed.", "The Monkees __knowledge__ They were formed in Los Angeles in 1965 by Bob Rafelson and Bert Schneider for the American television series \"The Monkees\", which aired from 1966 to 1968.", "The Monkees __knowledge__ The musical acting quartet was composed of Americans Micky Dolenz, Michael Nesmith and Peter Tork and British stage and television actor and singer Davy Jones.", "The Monkees __knowledge__ The band's music was initially supervised by producer Don Kirshner, backed by the songwriting duo of Tommy Boyce and Bobby Hart.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters for the British television and radio sketch show \"Little Britain\" (and its American spin-off, \"Little Britain USA\").", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played By: David Walliams Appearances: Season 3 Alan works for the Donkey Hospice in the town of Achingballs.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ After contributors give him some money, he blatantly places stickers on embarrassing body parts, such as the genital region or breasts and on someone's rear in a deleted scene.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ He makes one appearance in Series 3.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played by: David Walliams Episodes: Radio Show; Season 1, episodes 4 and 5 Catchphrase: \"I love you Anne\" and \"I need you Anne\" Peter Andre is a royal BBC correspondent who gets sacked after first making surreal and false claims about the Royal Family (such as Prince Charles having magical powers, describing The Queen as \"The Main One\" and mistaking Princess Eugenie for her mother, Sarah, Duchess of York) and then expressing his love for Princess Anne through song.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "Plame affair __knowledge__ The Plame affair (also known as the CIA leak scandal and Plamegate) was a political scandal that revolved around journalist Robert Novak's public identification of Valerie Plame as a covert Central Intelligence Agency officer in 2003.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ In 2002, Plame wrote a memo to her superiors in which she expressed hesitation in recommending her husband, former diplomat Joseph C. Wilson, to the CIA for a mission to Niger to investigate claims that Iraq had arranged to purchase and import uranium from the country, but stated that he \"may be in a position to assist\".", "Plame affair __knowledge__ After President George W. Bush stated that \"Saddam Hussein recently sought significant quantities of uranium from Africa\" during the run-up to the 2003 invasion of Iraq, Wilson published a July 2003 op-ed in \"The New York Times\" stating his doubts during the mission that any such transaction with Iraq had taken place.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Bob Dylan __knowledge__ Bob Dylan (; born Robert Allen Zimmerman, May 24, 1941) is an American singer-songwriter, author, and painter, who has been an influential figure in popular music and culture for more than five decades.", "Bob Dylan __knowledge__ Much of his most celebrated work dates from the 1960s, when he became a reluctant \"voice of a generation\" with songs such as \"Blowin' in the Wind\" and \"The Times They Are a-Changin'\" that became anthems for the Civil Rights Movement and anti-war movement.", "Bob Dylan __knowledge__ In 1965, he controversially abandoned his early fan-base in the American folk music revival, recording a six-minute single, \"Like a Rolling Stone\", which enlarged the scope of popular music.", "Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–98) __knowledge__ The Japanese invasions of Korea comprised two separate yet linked operations: an initial invasion in 1592, a brief truce in 1596, and a second invasion in 1597.", "Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–98) __knowledge__ The conflict ended in 1598 with the withdrawal of the Japanese forces from the Korean Peninsula after a military stalemate in Korea's southern coastal provinces.", "Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–98) __knowledge__ The invasions were launched by Toyotomi Hideyoshi with the intent of conquering the Korean Peninsula and China, which were ruled by the Joseon and by the Ming dynasty, respectively.", "Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–98) __knowledge__ Japan quickly succeeded in occupying large portions of the Korean Peninsula, but the contribution of reinforcements by the Ming, as well as the disruption of Japanese supply fleets along the western and southern coasts by the Joseon Navy forced a withdrawal of Japanese forces from Pyongyang and the northern provinces to the south, where the Japanese continued to occupy Hanseong (now Seoul) and the southeastern regions.", "Puyi __knowledge__ Puyi or Pu Yi (; 7 February 190617 October 1967), of the Manchu Aisin Gioro clan, was the last Emperor of China and the twelfth and final ruler of the Qing dynasty.", "Puyi __knowledge__ When he was a child, he reigned as the Xuantong Emperor (; Manchu: \"gehungge yoso hūwangdi\") in China and Khevt Yos Khaan in Mongolia from 1908 until his forced abdication on 12 February 1912, after the Xinhai Revolution.", "Puyi __knowledge__ From 1–12 July 1917, he was briefly restored to the throne as emperor by the warlord Zhang Xun.", "Puyi __knowledge__ In 1932 after the occupation of Manchuria, the state of Manchukuo was established by Japan, and he was chosen to become 'Emperor' of the new state using the era-name of Datong (Ta-tung).", "Korea under Japanese rule __knowledge__ Korea under Japanese rule began with the end of the short-lived Korean Empire in 1910 and ended at the conclusion of World War II in 1945.", "Korea under Japanese rule __knowledge__ Japanese rule of Korea was the outcome of a process that began with the Japan–Korea Treaty of 1876, whereby a complex coalition of the Meiji government, military, and business officials sought to integrate Korea both politically and economically into the Empire of Japan.", "Korea under Japanese rule __knowledge__ A major stepping-stone towards the Japanese occupation of Korea was the Japan–Korea Treaty of 1905, in which the then-Korean Empire was declared a protectorate of Japan.", "Korea under Japanese rule __knowledge__ The annexation of Korea by Japan was set up in the Japan–Korea Treaty of 1910, which was never actually signed by the Korean Regent, Gojong.", "Dorothy Kilgallen __knowledge__ Dorothy Mae Kilgallen (July 3, 1913 – November 8, 1965) was an American journalist and television game show panelist.", "Dorothy Kilgallen __knowledge__ She started her career shortly before her 18th birthday as a reporter for the Hearst Corporation's \"New York Evening Journal\" after spending two semesters at the College of New Rochelle.", "Dorothy Kilgallen __knowledge__ In 1938, she began her newspaper column, \"The Voice of Broadway\", which eventually was syndicated to more than 140 papers.", "Dorothy Kilgallen __knowledge__ She became a regular panelist on the television game show \"What's My Line?\"", "Dorothy Kilgallen __knowledge__ in 1950.", "Dorothy Kilgallen __knowledge__ Kilgallen's columns featured mostly show business news and gossip, but also ventured into other topics such as politics and organized crime.", "Miscegenation __knowledge__ Miscegenation (; from the Latin \"miscere\" \"to mix\" + \"genus\" \"kind\") is the mixing of different racial groups through marriage, cohabitation, sexual relations, or procreation.", "Miscegenation __knowledge__ Because of the term's historical use in contexts that typically implied disapproval, more unambiguously neutral terms such as \"interracial\", \"interethnic\", or \"cross-cultural\" are more common in contemporary usage.", "Miscegenation __knowledge__ The term \"miscegenation\" has been used since the 19th century to refer to interracial marriage and interracial sexual relations, and more generally to the process of genetic admixture.", "Miscegenation __knowledge__ Historically, the term has been used in the context of laws banning interracial marriage and sex, known as anti-miscegenation laws.", "Thomas Franklin Fairfax Millard __knowledge__ Thomas Franklin Fairfax Millard (born July 8, 1868 in Missouri; died September 7, 1942 in Seattle, Washington) was an American journalist, newspaper editor, founder of the \"China Weekly Review\", author of seven influential books on the Far East and first American political adviser to the Chinese Republic, serving for over fifteen years.", "Thomas Franklin Fairfax Millard __knowledge__ Millard was \"the founding father of American journalism in China\", and \"the dean of American newspapermen in the Orient,\" who \"probably has had a greater influence on contemporary newspaper journalism than any other American journalist in China.” Millard was a war correspondent for the \"New York Herald\" during the Spanish–American War, the Boer War, the Boxer Uprising, the Russo-Japanese War and the Second Sino-Japanese War; he also had articles appear in such publications as \"The New York Times\", \"New York World\", \"New York Herald\", \"New York Herald Tribune\", \"Scribner's Magazine\", \"The Nation \"and \"The Cosmopolitan\", as well as in Britain's \"Daily Mail\" and the English-language \"Kobe Weekly Chronicle\" of Japan." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Japan __knowledge__ Japan ( \"Nippon\" or \"Nihon\" ; formally \"\" or \"Nihon-koku\", meaning \"State of Japan\") is a sovereign island nation in East Asia.", "Japan __knowledge__ Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies off the eastern coast of the Asian mainland and stretches from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and China in the southwest.", "Japan __knowledge__ The kanji, or Sino-Japanese characters, that make up Japan's name mean \"sun origin\", and it is often called the \"Land of the Rising Sun\".", "Japan __knowledge__ Japan is a stratovolcanic archipelago consisting of about 6,852 islands.", "Japan __knowledge__ The four largest are Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu and Shikoku, which make up about ninety-seven percent of Japan's land area and often are referred to as home islands.", "Japan __knowledge__ The country is divided into 47 prefectures in eight regions, with Hokkaido being the northernmost prefecture and Okinawa being the southernmost one.", "Japan __knowledge__ The population of 127 million is the world's tenth largest.", "Japan __knowledge__ Japanese people make up 98.5% of Japan's total population.", "Japan __knowledge__ About 9.1 million people live in Tokyo, the capital of Japan.", "Japan __knowledge__ Archaeological research indicates that Japan was inhabited as early as the Upper Paleolithic period.", "Japan __knowledge__ The first written mention of Japan is in Chinese history texts from the 1st century AD.", "Re-Kan! __knowledge__ High school girl Hibiki Amami has a sixth sense of perceiving and interacting with ghosts and supernatural beings as well as talking with cats and other animals.", "Re-Kan! __knowledge__ She transfers to a new school called Hanazuka Prefectural High School, but none of her peers share that ability.", "Re-Kan! __knowledge__ She becomes friends with some girls who put up with her antics.", "Re-Kan! __knowledge__ Class representative Narumi Inoue despises anything related to the occult but eventually becomes friends with Amami due to the latter's character.", "Re-Kan! __knowledge__ The story follows their everyday antics.", "Re-Kan! __knowledge__ The original manga by Hinako Seta was first published in Houbunsha's \"Manga Time Jumbo\" magazine in the December 2009 issue, and went onto serialization from February 2010.", "Gangs of New York __knowledge__ Gangs of New York is a 2002 American epic period drama film directed by Martin Scorsese, set in the mid-19th century in the Five Points district of New York City.", "Gangs of New York __knowledge__ The screenplay is by Jay Cocks, Steven Zaillian, and Kenneth Lonergan.", "Gangs of New York __knowledge__ It was inspired by Herbert Asbury's 1927 non-fiction book, \"The Gangs of New York\".", "Gangs of New York __knowledge__ It was made in Cinecittà, Rome, distributed by Miramax Films and nominated for numerous awards, including the Academy Award for Best Picture, among nine other Oscar nominations.", "Gangs of New York __knowledge__ The film is set in 1863 and follows fictional gang leader William \"Bill the Butcher\" Cutting (Daniel Day-Lewis) in his roles as crime boss and political kingmaker under the helm of \"Boss\" Tweed (Jim Broadbent).", "The Thanatos Syndrome __knowledge__ The Thanatos Syndrome (1987) was Walker Percy's last novel.", "The Thanatos Syndrome __knowledge__ It is a sequel to \"Love in the Ruins\".", "The Thanatos Syndrome __knowledge__ Set in the near future, it tells the story of a failed psychiatrist who suspects that something or someone is making everyone in his town crazy and turning them into near-zombies.", "The Thanatos Syndrome __knowledge__ After two years in prison for selling drugs, Tom More, a Louisiana psychiatrist and lapsed Catholic, comes home to his virtually defunct practice and marriage.", "The Thanatos Syndrome __knowledge__ People, he notices, seem different.", "The Thanatos Syndrome __knowledge__ Many faculties are dulled but some are enhanced, particularly memory and sexual appetite.", "The Thanatos Syndrome __knowledge__ Teaming up with his cousin Lucy, an epidemiologist who also has an independent mind, they discover that the authorities have been running secret trials.", "Portraits (Bury Tomorrow album) __knowledge__ Portraits Is the debut studio album from British metalcore band Bury Tomorrow.", "Portraits (Bury Tomorrow album) __knowledge__ The album was released first in the United Kingdom on Basick Records on 12 October 2009.", "Portraits (Bury Tomorrow album) __knowledge__ Adam Jackson has stated it was named Portraits for two reasons: \"Firstly, the title track is based on the story of Dorian Gray by Oscar Wilde, a cautionary tale of the beauty and frailty of life.", "Portraits (Bury Tomorrow album) __knowledge__ Secondly, Portraits depicts a person or character frozen in time as they were at a given moment.", "Portraits (Bury Tomorrow album) __knowledge__ This is how we see this album – it's a reflection of our tastes, loves, hates, losses and gains.", "Portraits (Bury Tomorrow album) __knowledge__ It's a memory in musical form, the first glimpse of the picture that is Bury Tomorrow.” The album was released first in the United Kingdom on Basick Records on 12 October 2009 while it was released through Artery Recordings on March 2010 in Japan and the United States.", "Down to Earth (Rainbow album) __knowledge__ Down to Earth is the fourth studio album by the British hard rock band Rainbow.", "Down to Earth (Rainbow album) __knowledge__ It is their last album to feature drummer Cozy Powell and their only album with vocalist Graham Bonnet.", "Down to Earth (Rainbow album) __knowledge__ Released in 1979, it contains Rainbow's first hit single \"Since You Been Gone\", marking a more commercial direction of the band's sound.", "Down to Earth (Rainbow album) __knowledge__ The writing of \"Down to Earth\" began at Ritchie Blackmore's house in Connecticut in December 1978.", "Down to Earth (Rainbow album) __knowledge__ By that time, he had dismissed both bassist Bob Daisley and keyboard player David Stone soon after singer Ronnie James Dio quit the band.", "Down to Earth (Rainbow album) __knowledge__ Blackmore had already recruited his old Deep Purple bandmate Roger Glover as producer and started auditioning musicians for the vacant slots in the band, while songwriting progressed with Blackmore, Cozy Powell and session musician Clive Chaman on bass.", "Video game addiction __knowledge__ Video game addiction (VGA) is a hypothetical behavioral addiction characterized by excessive or compulsive use of computer games or video games, which interferes with a person's everyday life.", "Video game addiction __knowledge__ Video game addiction may present itself as compulsive gaming, social isolation, mood swings, diminished imagination, and hyper-focus on in-game achievements, to the exclusion of other events in life.", "Video game addiction __knowledge__ In May 2013, the American Psychiatric Association (APA) proposed criteria for video game addiction in the 5th edition of the \"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders\", concluding that there was insufficient evidence to include it as an official mental disorder.", "The Union of Crowns __knowledge__ The Union of Crowns is the second studio album from British metalcore band Bury Tomorrow.", "The Union of Crowns __knowledge__ The album was released on 13 July 2012 on Nuclear Blast.", "The Union of Crowns __knowledge__ It recorded within the first few months of 2012.", "The Union of Crowns __knowledge__ The album released was delayed several time by the band in attempt to find a record label who could provide international distribution simultaneously.", "The Union of Crowns __knowledge__ The album received mixed to positive reception from critics.", "The Union of Crowns __knowledge__ With critics primarily praising the album song writing and sonic improvement from the band's predecessor, \"Portraits\", negative criticism stemmed from its lack of innovation and the album's sometimes considered excessive length.", "Sea of Japan __knowledge__ The Sea of Japan (see below for other names) is a marginal sea between the Japanese archipelago, Sakhalin, the Korean Peninsula and Russia.", "Sea of Japan __knowledge__ The Japanese archipelago separates the sea from the Pacific Ocean.", "Sea of Japan __knowledge__ It is bordered by Japan, Korea (North and South) and Russia.", "Sea of Japan __knowledge__ Like the Mediterranean Sea, it has almost no tides due to its nearly complete enclosure from the Pacific Ocean.", "Sea of Japan __knowledge__ This isolation also reflects in the fauna species and in the water salinity, which is lower than in the ocean.", "Sea of Japan __knowledge__ The sea has no large islands, bays or capes.", "Sea of Japan __knowledge__ Its water balance is mostly determined by the inflow and outflow through the straits connecting it to the neighboring seas and Pacific Ocean.", "1962 Pacific typhoon season __knowledge__ The 1962 Pacific typhoon season had no official bounds; there was activity in every month but January, March, and June, but most tropical cyclones form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean between May and November and this conventionally delimits the season.", "1962 Pacific typhoon season __knowledge__ The majority of the Pacific typhoons in 1962 formed in the Pacific Ocean north of the equator and west of the International Date Line with two exceptions: Tropical Depressions Fifty and Sixty-three formed in the Central Pacific.", "1962 Pacific typhoon season __knowledge__ Storms that form east of the date line and north of the equator are called hurricanes; see 1962 Pacific hurricane season.", "History of the west coast of North America __knowledge__ The human history of the west coast of North America is believed to stretch back to the arrival of the earliest people over the Bering Strait, or alternately along a now-submerged coastal plain, through the development of significant pre-Columbian cultures and population densities, to the arrival of the European explorers and colonizers.", "History of the west coast of North America __knowledge__ The west coast of North America today is home to some of the largest and most important companies in the world, as well as being a center of world culture.", "History of the west coast of North America __knowledge__ As used in this article, the term \"west coast of North America\" means a contiguous region of that continent bordering the Pacific Ocean: all or parts of the U.S. states of Alaska, Washington, Oregon, and California; all or parts of British Columbia and the Yukon in Canada; all or part of the Mexican states of Baja California, Baja California Sur, Sonora, Sinaloa, Nayarit, Jalisco, Colima, Michoacán, Guerrero, Oaxaca and Chiapas; and the \"Central American\" countries of Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama.", "Geography of Japan __knowledge__ Japan is an island nation in East Asia comprising a volcanic archipelago extending along the continent's Pacific coast.", "Geography of Japan __knowledge__ It lies between 24° to 46° north latitude and from 123° to 146° east longitude.", "Geography of Japan __knowledge__ Japan is southeast of the Russian Far East, separated by the Sea of Okhotsk; slightly east of the Korean Peninsula, separated by the Sea of Japan; and east-northeast of China and Taiwan, separated by the East China Sea.", "Geography of Japan __knowledge__ The closest neighboring country to Japan is Russia.", "Geography of Japan __knowledge__ The major islands, sometimes called the \"Home Islands\", are (from north to south) Hokkaido, Honshu (the \"mainland\"), Shikoku and Kyushu.", "Age of Discovery __knowledge__ The Age of Discovery, or the Age of Exploration (approximately from the beginning of the 15th century until the end of the 18th century) is an informal and loosely defined term for the period in European history in which extensive overseas exploration emerged as a powerful factor in European culture and was the beginning of globalization.", "Age of Discovery __knowledge__ It also marks the rise of the period of widespread adoption in Europe of colonialism and mercantilism as national policies.", "Age of Discovery __knowledge__ Many lands previously unknown to Europeans were discovered by them during this period, though most were already inhabited.", "Age of Discovery __knowledge__ From the perspective of many non-Europeans, the Age of Discovery marked the arrival of invaders from previously unknown continents.", "History of Australia __knowledge__ The history of Australia refers to the history of the area and people of the Commonwealth of Australia and its preceding Indigenous and colonial societies.", "History of Australia __knowledge__ Aboriginal Australians arrived on the Australian mainland by sea from Maritime Southeast Asia between 40,000 and 70,000 years ago.", "History of Australia __knowledge__ The artistic, musical and spiritual traditions they established are among the longest surviving such traditions in human history.", "History of Australia __knowledge__ The first known landing in Australia by Europeans was by Dutch navigator Willem Janszoon in 1606.", "History of Australia __knowledge__ Twenty-nine other Dutch navigators explored the western and southern coasts in the 17th century, and dubbed the continent New Holland." ] ]

[ 9, 8, 2, 4 ]

[ "Hi! My airplane just landed at the airport in Japan! I plan to stay in Tokyo, with its population of 9.1 million people", "I'm a newspaper reporter - 98.5% of Japan's population is Japanese, and I'm here to interview a few of them!", "Well, I think it's interesting that Japan is in the Pacific Ocean, just off the eastern coast of the Asian mainland!", "Japan is made up of around 6,852 islands! It's a stratovolcanic archipelago! I'm trying to snag a taxi to take me to my hotel, but I'm not having much luck!" ]

[ "Japan", "Japan", "Japan", "Japan" ]

[ "Elementary school (United States)", "Yes, Elementary school is the main point for primary education. Do you have kids in school?", "That seem to be pretty old statistics. I wonder if there a newer statistics?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Elementary school (United States) __knowledge__ An elementary school is the main point of delivery of primary education in the United States, for children between the ages of 4–11 and coming between pre-kindergarten and secondary education.", "Elementary school (United States) __knowledge__ In 2001, there were 92,858 elementary schools (68,173 public, 24,685 private) in the United States, a figure which includes all schools that teach students from grade one through grade eight.", "Elementary school (United States) __knowledge__ According to the National Center for Education Statistics, in the fall of 2009 almost 3.5 million students attended public primary schools.", "Elementary school (United States) __knowledge__ It is usually from kindergarten through fifth grade.", "Elementary school (United States) __knowledge__ Primary education tends to focus on basic academic learning and socialization skills, introducing children to the broad range of knowledge, skill and behavioral adjustment they need to succeed in life – and, particularly, in secondary school.", "Elementary school (United States) __knowledge__ In general, a student learns basic arithmetic and sometimes rudimentary algebra in mathematics, English proficiency (such as basic grammar, spelling, and vocabulary), and fundamentals of other subjects.", "Elementary school (United States) __knowledge__ Learning standards are identified for all areas of a curriculum by individual states, including those for mathematics, social studies, science, physical development, the fine arts, and reading." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Elementary school (United States) __knowledge__ An elementary school is the main point of delivery of primary education in the United States, for children between the ages of 4–11 and coming between pre-kindergarten and secondary education.", "Elementary school (United States) __knowledge__ In 2001, there were 92,858 elementary schools (68,173 public, 24,685 private) in the United States, a figure which includes all schools that teach students from grade one through grade eight.", "Elementary school (United States) __knowledge__ According to the National Center for Education Statistics, in the fall of 2009 almost 3.5 million students attended public primary schools.", "Elementary school (United States) __knowledge__ It is usually from kindergarten through fifth grade.", "Elementary school (United States) __knowledge__ Primary education tends to focus on basic academic learning and socialization skills, introducing children to the broad range of knowledge, skill and behavioral adjustment they need to succeed in life – and, particularly, in secondary school.", "Elementary school (United States) __knowledge__ In general, a student learns basic arithmetic and sometimes rudimentary algebra in mathematics, English proficiency (such as basic grammar, spelling, and vocabulary), and fundamentals of other subjects.", "Elementary school (United States) __knowledge__ Learning standards are identified for all areas of a curriculum by individual states, including those for mathematics, social studies, science, physical development, the fine arts, and reading.", "Primary education __knowledge__ Primary education and elementary education is typically the first stage of formal education, coming after preschool and before secondary education (The first four grades of primary school, Grades 1-4, are also part of early childhood education).", "Primary education __knowledge__ Primary education usually takes place in a primary school or elementary school.", "Primary education __knowledge__ In some countries, primary education is followed by middle school, an educational stage which exists in some countries, and takes place between primary school and high school college.", "Primary education __knowledge__ The United Nations Millennium Development Goal 2 was to achieve universal primary education by the year 2015, by which time their aim was to ensure that all children everywhere, regardless of race or gender, will be able to complete primary schooling.", "Juniata County School District __knowledge__ The Juniata County School District is a rural, public school district located in Juniata County, Pennsylvania.", "Juniata County School District __knowledge__ The district is one of the 500 public school districts of Pennsylvania and one of seven county-wide school districts in the Commonwealth.", "Juniata County School District __knowledge__ The district encompasses approximately .", "Juniata County School District __knowledge__ Juniata County School District serves residents in: Beale Township, Delaware Township, Fayette Township, Fermanagh Township, Lack Township, Milford Township, Monroe Township, Spruce Hill Township, Susquehanna Township, Turbett Township, Tuscarora Township and Walker Township.", "Juniata County School District __knowledge__ It also serves the residents of the following boroughs: Mifflin, Mifflintown, Port Royal, Thompsontown, East Salem, East Waterford, Mexico, McAlisterville and Richfield.", "Education in the Philippines __knowledge__ Education in the Philippines is managed and regulated by the Department of Education (DepEd), Commission on Higher Education (CHED) and Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA).", "Education in the Philippines __knowledge__ DepEd is responsible for the K–12 basic education; it exercises full and exclusive control over public schools and nominal regulation over private schools, and it also enforces the national curriculum that has been put in place since 2013.", "Education in the Philippines __knowledge__ CHED and TESDA, on the other hand, are responsible for higher education; CHED regulates the academically-oriented universities and colleges while TESDA oversees the development of technical and vocational education institutions and programs in the country.", "Education in China __knowledge__ Education in China is a state-run system of public education run by the Ministry of Education.", "Education in China __knowledge__ All citizens must attend school for at least nine years, known as the nine-year compulsory education, which the government funds.", "Education in China __knowledge__ It includes six years of primary education, starting at age six or seven, and three years of junior secondary education (junior middle school) for ages 12 to 15.", "Education in China __knowledge__ Some provinces may have five years of primary school but four years for junior middle school.", "Education in China __knowledge__ After junior middle school, there are three years of senior middle school, which then completes the secondary education.", "Central Dauphin School District __knowledge__ The Central Dauphin School District is a large, suburban, public school district located in suburban Harrisburg, Pennsylvania serving students in central and eastern Dauphin County.", "Central Dauphin School District __knowledge__ It is the largest school district in the county, the largest in the greater Harrisburg metropolitan area and is the 14th largest school district in Pennsylvania.", "Central Dauphin School District __knowledge__ The district serves the Boroughs of: Dauphin, Paxtang and Penbrook as well as Lower Paxton Township, Middle Paxton Township, Swatara Township and West Hanover Township.", "Central Dauphin School District __knowledge__ It was created in 1954, combining four smaller districts.", "Central Dauphin School District __knowledge__ The Central Dauphin School District encompasses approximately .", "List of Long Island public school districts and schools __knowledge__ Long Island's Nassau and Suffolk counties are home to 125 school districts containing a total of 656 public schools.", "List of Long Island public school districts and schools __knowledge__ Amagansett School Amityville Memorial High School, Park Avenue School, Edmund W. Miles Middle School, Northeast School, Northwest Elementary School Babylon Memorial Grade School, Babylon Junior-Senior High School, Babylon Elementary School Baldwin Middle School, Brookside Elementary School, Baldwin Senior High School, Lenox Elementary School, Meadow Elementary School, Milburn Elementary School, Plaza Elementary School, Shubert Elementary School, Steele Elementary School Bay Shore Middle School, Bay Shore Senior High School, Brook Avenue Elementary School, Fifth Avenue School, Gardiner Manor School, Mary G. Clarkson School, South Country School James Wilson Young Middle School, Bayport-Blue Point High School, Academy Street Elementary School, Blue Point Elementary School, Sylvan Avenue Elementary School Shore Road School, Reinhard Early Childhood Center, Winthrop Avenue School Merrick Avenue Middle School, Grand Avenue Middle School, John F. Kennedy High School, Sanford H. Calhoun High School, Wellington C. Mepham High School Bethpage Senior High School, John F. Kennedy Middle School, Central Boulevard Elementary School, Charles Campagne School, Kramer Lane Elementary School North Middle School, Brentwood High School, South Middle School, West Middle School, East Middle School, Freshman Center, East Elementary School, Hemlock Park Elementary School, Laurel Park Elementary School, Loretta Park Elementary School, North Elementary School, Northeast Elementary School, Oak Park Elementary School, Pine Park Elementary School, Southeast Elementary School, Southwest Elementary School, Twin Pines Elementary School Bridgehampton School Carle Place Middle Senior High School, Cherry Lane School, Rushmore Avenue School Center Moriches High School, Center Moriches Middle School, Clayton Huey Elementary School Cordello Avenue Elementary School, Central Islip Senior High School, Andrew T. Morrow School, Central Islip Early Childhood Center, Charles A. Mulligan School, Francis J. O'Neill School, Marguerite L. Mulvey School, Ralph Reed School Cold Spring Harbor Jr./Sr.", "List of secondary education systems by country __knowledge__ Secondary education covers two phases on the ISCED scale.", "List of secondary education systems by country __knowledge__ Level 2 or lower secondary education is considered the second and final phase of basic education, and level 3 or upper secondary education is the stage before tertiary education.", "List of secondary education systems by country __knowledge__ Every country aims to provide basic education, but the systems and terminology remain unique to them.", "List of secondary education systems by country __knowledge__ Secondary education typically takes place after six years of primary education and is followed by higher education, vocational education or employment.", "List of secondary education systems by country __knowledge__ In Algeria, secondary school starts after obtaining the BEM (Brevet d'Enseignement Moyen) (Middle School Certificate), and ends by getting the Baccalaureate that exclusively grants access to national universities.", "Kindergarten __knowledge__ Kindergarten (; from German , which literally means \"garden for the children\") is a preschool educational approach traditionally based on playing, singing, practical activities such as drawing, and social interaction as part of the transition from home to school.", "Kindergarten __knowledge__ At first such institutions were created in the late 18th century in Bavaria and Strasbourg to serve children whose parents both worked out of the home.", "Kindergarten __knowledge__ The term was coined by the German Friedrich Fröbel, whose approach globally influenced early-years education.", "Kindergarten __knowledge__ Today, the term is used in many countries to describe a variety of educational institutions and learning spaces for children ranging from two to seven years of age, based on a variety of teaching methods.", "Educational stage __knowledge__ Educational stages are subdivisions of formal learning, typically covering early childhood education, primary education, secondary education and tertiary (or higher) education.", "Educational stage __knowledge__ The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) recognizes seven levels of education in its International Standard Classification of Education system (ISCED, from Level 0 (pre-primary education) through Level 6 (second stage of tertiary education)).", "Educational stage __knowledge__ UNESCO's International Bureau of Education maintains a database of country-specific education systems and their stages.", "Educational stage __knowledge__ Education during childhood and early adulthood is typically provided through either a two- or three-stage system of childhood schooling, followed by additional stages of higher education or vocational education for those who continue their formal education: The following table introduces the main concepts, although terms and ages may vary in different places: For additional ISCED stages of education, see ISCED.", "Education in Haiti __knowledge__ The Haitian Educational System yields the lowest total rate in the education realm of the Western Hemisphere.", "Education in Haiti __knowledge__ Haiti's literacy rate of about 61% (64.3% for males and 57.3% for females) is below the 90% average literacy rate for Latin American and Caribbean countries.", "Education in Haiti __knowledge__ The country faces shortages in educational supplies and qualified teachers.", "Education in Haiti __knowledge__ The rural population is less educated than the urban.", "Education in Haiti __knowledge__ The 2010 Haiti earthquake exacerbated the already constrained parameters on Haiti's educational system by destroying infrastructure and displacing 50-90% of the students, depending on locale.", "Education in Haiti __knowledge__ International private schools (run by Canada, France, or the United States) and church-run schools educate 90% of students." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Elementary school (United States) __knowledge__ An elementary school is the main point of delivery of primary education in the United States, for children between the ages of 4–11 and coming between pre-kindergarten and secondary education.", "Elementary school (United States) __knowledge__ In 2001, there were 92,858 elementary schools (68,173 public, 24,685 private) in the United States, a figure which includes all schools that teach students from grade one through grade eight.", "Elementary school (United States) __knowledge__ According to the National Center for Education Statistics, in the fall of 2009 almost 3.5 million students attended public primary schools.", "Elementary school (United States) __knowledge__ It is usually from kindergarten through fifth grade.", "Elementary school (United States) __knowledge__ Primary education tends to focus on basic academic learning and socialization skills, introducing children to the broad range of knowledge, skill and behavioral adjustment they need to succeed in life – and, particularly, in secondary school.", "Elementary school (United States) __knowledge__ In general, a student learns basic arithmetic and sometimes rudimentary algebra in mathematics, English proficiency (such as basic grammar, spelling, and vocabulary), and fundamentals of other subjects.", "Elementary school (United States) __knowledge__ Learning standards are identified for all areas of a curriculum by individual states, including those for mathematics, social studies, science, physical development, the fine arts, and reading.", "Nigel Gilbert __knowledge__ Geoffrey Nigel Gilbert (born 21 March 1950) is a British sociologist and a pioneer in the use of agent-based models in the social sciences.", "Nigel Gilbert __knowledge__ He is the founder and director of the \"Centre for Research in Social Simulation\" (University of Surrey), author of several books on computational social science, social simulation and social research and past editor of the \"Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation\" (JASSS), the leading journal in the field.", "Nigel Gilbert __knowledge__ A Cambridge engineering graduate (Emmanuel College), he turned to the sociology of scientific knowledge for his PhD under the direction of Michael Mulkay.", "Jabal Mana' __knowledge__ Jabal Mana' () is a large mountain, located in the Tannumah area of Bani Shahr, in the Asir region in the southwestern of Saudi Arabia, with a height of 2,782 meters (9,127 feet).", "Jabal Mana' __knowledge__ The mountain has a circumference at the base estimated at ten kilometers.", "Jabal Mana' __knowledge__ There are several petroglyphs including inscriptions of a snake and giants.", "Jabal Mana' __knowledge__ The interpretation of the glyphs is still uncertain.", "Jabal Mana' __knowledge__ Near the top of the mountain there is a large cave with inscriptions on the ceiling.", "Jabal Mana' __knowledge__ The cave rises above a mosque on the hilltop.", "Jabal Mana' __knowledge__ It is considered one of the greatest mountains in the Saudi Kingdom.", "Jabal Mana' __knowledge__ Waterfalls flow from it when the rain comes.", "Causes of mental disorders __knowledge__ As defined by experts with a biomedical background, a mental disorder is \"a clinically significant behavioral or psychological syndrome or psychological pattern that occurs in an individual and that is associated with present disability or with a significantly increased risk of suffering, death, pain, disability, or an important loss of freedom.\"", "Causes of mental disorders __knowledge__ The causes of mental disorders are generally complex and vary depending on the particular disorder and the individual.", "Causes of mental disorders __knowledge__ Although the causes of most mental disorders are unknown, it has been found that different biological, psychological, and environmental factors can all contribute to the development or progression of mental disorders.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ Wonder Woman is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character is a founding member of the Justice League, goddess, and Ambassador-at-Large of the Amazon people.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character first appeared in \"All Star Comics\" #8 in October 1941 and first cover-dated on \"Sensation Comics\" #1, January 1942.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ In her homeland, the island nation of Themyscira, her official title is Princess Diana of Themyscira, Daughter of Hippolyta.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ When blending into the society outside of her homeland, she adopts her civilian identity Diana Prince.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character is also referred to by such epithets as the \"Amazing Amazon\", the \"Spirit of Truth\", \"Themyscira's Champion\", the \"God-killer\", and the \"Goddess of Love and War\".", "Stevie Wonder __knowledge__ Stevland Hardaway Morris (born Stevland Hardaway Judkins; May 13, 1950), known by his stage name Stevie Wonder, is an American musician, singer, songwriter, record producer, and multi-instrumentalist.", "Stevie Wonder __knowledge__ A child prodigy, he is considered to be one of the most critically and commercially successful musical performers of the late 20th century.", "Stevie Wonder __knowledge__ Wonder signed with Motown's Tamla label at the age of 11, and he continued performing and recording for Motown into the 2010s.", "Stevie Wonder __knowledge__ He has been blind since shortly after birth.", "Stevie Wonder __knowledge__ Among Wonder's works are singles such as \"Signed, Sealed, Delivered I'm Yours\", \"Superstition\", \"Sir Duke\", \"You Are the Sunshine of My Life\" and \"I Just Called to Say I Love You\"; and albums such as \"Talking Book\", \"Innervisions\" and \"Songs in the Key of Life\".", "Wonder Woman (2017 film) __knowledge__ Wonder Woman is a 2017 American superhero film based on the DC Comics character of the same name, distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures.", "Wonder Woman (2017 film) __knowledge__ It is the fourth installment in the DC Extended Universe (DCEU).", "Wonder Woman (2017 film) __knowledge__ The film is directed by Patty Jenkins, with a screenplay by Allan Heinberg, from a story by Heinberg, Zack Snyder, and Jason Fuchs, and stars Gal Gadot as Diana Prince / Wonder Woman, alongside Chris Pine, Robin Wright, Danny Huston, David Thewlis, Connie Nielsen, and Elena Anaya.", "Wonder Woman (2017 film) __knowledge__ \"Wonder Woman\" is the second live action theatrical film featuring the titular character, following her debut in 2016's \"\".", "Wonder Boy in Monster Land __knowledge__ Wonder Boy in Monster Land, known by its original arcade release as , is an action role-playing platform video game developed by Westone Bit Entertainment and released by Sega for arcade cabinets in 1987 and for the Master System in 1988, with a number of other home computer and console ports following.", "Wonder Boy in Monster Land __knowledge__ The game is the sequel to the 1986 game \"Wonder Boy\" and takes place eleven years after the events in the previous game.", "Wonder Boy in Monster Land __knowledge__ After enjoying over a decade of peace on Wonder Land following the defeat of the evil King by Tom-Tom, later bestowed the title \"Wonder Boy\", a fire-breathing dragon called the MEKA dragon appeared; he and his minions conquered Wonder Land, turning it into \"Monster Land\".", "Primary education in the United States __knowledge__ Primary education in the United States (also elementary education) refers to the first seven to nine years of formal education in most jurisdictions, often in elementary schools, including middle schools.", "Primary education in the United States __knowledge__ Preschool programs, which are less formal and usually not mandated by law, are generally not considered part of primary education.", "Primary education in the United States __knowledge__ The first year of primary education is commonly referred to as \"kindergarten\" and begins at or around age 5 or 6.", "Primary education in the United States __knowledge__ Subsequent years are usually numbered being referred to as \"first grade\", \"second grade\", and so forth.", "Primary education in the United States __knowledge__ Elementary schools normally continue through sixth grade, which the students normally complete when they are age 11 or 12.", "Wilkinsburg School District __knowledge__ The Wilkinsburg School District is a small, urban public school district serving the mostly African American community and Pittsburgh suburb of Wilkinsburg, Pennsylvania.", "Wilkinsburg School District __knowledge__ The district encompasses approximately .", "Wilkinsburg School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, it served a resident population of 19,196.", "Wilkinsburg School District __knowledge__ By 2010, the district's population declined to 15,933 people.", "Wilkinsburg School District __knowledge__ The educational attainment levels for the Wilkinsburg Borough School District population (25 years old and over) were 90% high school graduates and 28.5% college graduates.", "Wilkinsburg School District __knowledge__ According to the Pennsylvania Budget and Policy Center, 80% of the district’s pupils lived at 185% or below the Federal Poverty level as shown by their eligibility for the federal free or reduced price school meal programs in 2012.", "West Shore School District __knowledge__ West Shore School District, is a large, suburban, public school district with its main office located in Lewisberry, Pennsylvania.The Superintendent is Todd Stoltz.", "West Shore School District __knowledge__ This district serves students in eastern Cumberland County and northern York County.", "West Shore School District __knowledge__ It serves the municipalities of Lemoyne, New Cumberland and Wormleysburg boroughs and Lower Allen Township in Cumberland County; Goldsboro and Lewisberry boroughs, Fairview Township and Newberry Township in York County.", "West Shore School District __knowledge__ West Shore School District encompasses approximately .", "West Shore School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, the District served a resident population of 57,960 people.", "List of Empire ships (G) __knowledge__ The Empire ships were a series of ships in the service of the British Government.", "List of Empire ships (G) __knowledge__ Their names were all prefixed with \"Empire\".", "List of Empire ships (G) __knowledge__ Mostly they were used during the Second World War by the Ministry of War Transport (MoWT), which owned the ships but contracted out their management to various shipping lines.", "List of Empire ships (G) __knowledge__ Some ships requisitioned during the Suez Crisis were also given the \"Empire\" prefix.", "List of Empire ships (G) __knowledge__ They were acquired from a number of sources.", "List of Empire ships (G) __knowledge__ Many were built for the MoWT, others obtained from the USA, still others were captured or seized from enemy powers.", "List of Empire ships (G) __knowledge__ \"Empire Gable\" was a 1,925 GRT cargo ship which was built by Deutsche Werft, Hamburg.", "Shikellamy School District __knowledge__ Shikellamy School District is a midsized, suburban/rural, public school district in Northumberland County, Pennsylvania.", "Shikellamy School District __knowledge__ It serves Northumberland Borough, Point Township, Rockefeller Township, Snydertown Borough, the City of Sunbury, and Upper Augusta Township.", "Shikellamy School District __knowledge__ The administrative offices are located at Administration Center, 200 Island Blvd, Sunbury, Pennsylvania.", "Shikellamy School District __knowledge__ Shikellamy School District encompasses approximately .", "Shikellamy School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, Per the US Census Bureau, by 2010, the district's population declined to 22,554 people.", "Shikellamy School District __knowledge__ The educational attainment levels for the Shikellamy School District population 25 and over were 83.6% high school graduates and 15.3% college graduates.", "Milton Area School District __knowledge__ The Milton Area School District is a small, rural public school district headquartered in Milton, Pennsylvania.", "Milton Area School District __knowledge__ The district is located in Northumberland and Union counties.", "Milton Area School District __knowledge__ Milton Area School District encompasses approximately .", "Milton Area School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, it served a resident population of 15,510.", "Milton Area School District __knowledge__ By 2010, the Milton Area School District's population increased to 16,561 people.", "Milton Area School District __knowledge__ The educational attainment levels for the School District population (25 years old and over) were 85.5% high school graduates and 13% college graduates.", "Milton Area School District __knowledge__ The district is one of the 500 public school districts of Pennsylvania." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 2 ]

[ "Hello, an elementary school is the main point of delivery of primary education in the United States, for children between the ages of 4–11 ", "Yes, In 2001, there were 92,858 elementary schools (68,173 public, 24,685 private) in the United States", "No buddy, be reminded that these figures includes all schools that teach students from grade one through grade eight." ]

[ "Elementary school (United States)", "Elementary school (United States)", "Elementary school (United States)" ]

[ "Titanic (1997 film)", "Yes! I did. It's a great film!", "I didn't know that, but I'm not surprised." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Titanic (1997 film) __knowledge__ Titanic is a 1997 American epic romance-disaster film directed, written, co-produced and co-edited by James Cameron.", "Titanic (1997 film) __knowledge__ A fictionalized account of the sinking of the RMS \"Titanic\", it stars Leonardo DiCaprio and Kate Winslet as members of different social classes who fall in love aboard the ship during its ill-fated maiden voyage.", "Titanic (1997 film) __knowledge__ Cameron's inspiration for the film came from his fascination with shipwrecks; he felt a love story interspersed with the human loss would be essential to convey the emotional impact of the disaster.", "Titanic (1997 film) __knowledge__ Production began in 1995, when Cameron shot footage of the actual \"Titanic\" wreck.", "Titanic (1997 film) __knowledge__ The modern scenes on the research vessel\" \"were shot on board the \"Akademik Mstislav Keldysh\", which Cameron had used as a base when filming the wreck.", "Titanic (1997 film) __knowledge__ Scale models, computer-generated imagery, and a reconstruction of the \"Titanic\" built at Baja Studios, at Playas de Rosarito in Baja California were used to re-create the sinking.", "Titanic (1997 film) __knowledge__ The film was partially funded by Paramount Pictures and 20th Century Fox.", "Titanic (1997 film) __knowledge__ It was the most expensive film ever made at the time, with a production budget of $200 million.", "Titanic (1997 film) __knowledge__ Upon its release on December 19, 1997, \"Titanic\" achieved critical and commercial success." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Titanic (1997 film) __knowledge__ Titanic is a 1997 American epic romance-disaster film directed, written, co-produced and co-edited by James Cameron.", "Titanic (1997 film) __knowledge__ A fictionalized account of the sinking of the RMS \"Titanic\", it stars Leonardo DiCaprio and Kate Winslet as members of different social classes who fall in love aboard the ship during its ill-fated maiden voyage.", "Titanic (1997 film) __knowledge__ Cameron's inspiration for the film came from his fascination with shipwrecks; he felt a love story interspersed with the human loss would be essential to convey the emotional impact of the disaster.", "Titanic (1997 film) __knowledge__ Production began in 1995, when Cameron shot footage of the actual \"Titanic\" wreck.", "Titanic (1997 film) __knowledge__ The modern scenes on the research vessel\" \"were shot on board the \"Akademik Mstislav Keldysh\", which Cameron had used as a base when filming the wreck.", "Titanic (1997 film) __knowledge__ Scale models, computer-generated imagery, and a reconstruction of the \"Titanic\" built at Baja Studios, at Playas de Rosarito in Baja California were used to re-create the sinking.", "Titanic (1997 film) __knowledge__ The film was partially funded by Paramount Pictures and 20th Century Fox.", "Titanic (1997 film) __knowledge__ It was the most expensive film ever made at the time, with a production budget of $200 million.", "Titanic (1997 film) __knowledge__ Upon its release on December 19, 1997, \"Titanic\" achieved critical and commercial success.", "Coenwulf of Mercia __knowledge__ Coenwulf (also spelled Cenwulf, Kenulf, or Kenwulph) was King of Mercia from December 796 until his death in 821.", "Coenwulf of Mercia __knowledge__ He was a descendant of a sibling of King Penda, who had ruled Mercia in the middle of the 7th century.", "Coenwulf of Mercia __knowledge__ He succeeded Ecgfrith, the son of Offa; Ecgfrith only reigned for five months, and Coenwulf ascended to the throne in the same year that Offa died.", "Coenwulf of Mercia __knowledge__ In the early years of Coenwulf's reign he had to deal with a revolt in Kent, which had been under Offa's control.", "Coenwulf of Mercia __knowledge__ Eadberht Præn returned from exile in Francia to claim the Kentish throne, and Coenwulf was forced to wait for papal support before he could intervene.", "Offa of Mercia __knowledge__ Offa was King of Mercia, a kingdom of Anglo-Saxon England, from 757 until his death in July 796.", "Offa of Mercia __knowledge__ The son of Thingfrith and a descendant of Eowa, Offa came to the throne after a period of civil war following the assassination of Æthelbald.", "Offa of Mercia __knowledge__ Offa defeated the other claimant, Beornred.", "Offa of Mercia __knowledge__ In the early years of Offa's reign, it is likely that he consolidated his control of Midland peoples such as the Hwicce and the Magonsæte.", "Offa of Mercia __knowledge__ Taking advantage of instability in the kingdom of Kent to establish himself as overlord, Offa also controlled Sussex by 771, though his authority did not remain unchallenged in either territory.", "Eardwulf of Northumbria __knowledge__ Eardwulf (fl.", "Eardwulf of Northumbria __knowledge__ 790 – c. 830) was king of Northumbria from 796 to 806, when he was deposed and went into exile.", "Eardwulf of Northumbria __knowledge__ He may have had a second reign from 808 until perhaps 811 or 830.", "Eardwulf of Northumbria __knowledge__ Northumbria in the last years of the eighth century was the scene of dynastic strife between several noble families: in 790, the then-king Æthelred I attempted to have Eardwulf assassinated.", "Eardwulf of Northumbria __knowledge__ Eardwulf's survival may have been viewed as a sign of divine favour.", "Eardwulf of Northumbria __knowledge__ A group of nobles conspired to assassinate Æthelred in April 796 and he was succeeded by Osbald: Osbald's reign lasted only twenty-seven days before he was deposed and Eardwulf became king on 14 May 796.", "Wulfred __knowledge__ Wulfred (died 24 March 832) was an Anglo-Saxon Archbishop of Canterbury in medieval England.", "Wulfred __knowledge__ Nothing is known of his life prior to 803, when he attended a church council, but he was probably a nobleman from Middlesex.", "Wulfred __knowledge__ He was elected archbishop in 805 and spent his time in office reforming the clergy of his cathedral.", "Wulfred __knowledge__ He also quarrelled with two consecutive Mercian kings – Coenwulf and Ceolwulf – over whether laymen or clergy should control monasteries.", "Wulfred __knowledge__ At one point, Wulfred travelled to Rome to consult with the papacy and was deposed from office for a number of years over the issue.", "Wulfred __knowledge__ After Coenwulf's death, relations were somewhat better with the new king Ceolwulf, but improved much more after Ceolwulf's subsequent deposition.", "History of the English penny (c. 600 – 1066) __knowledge__ The history of the English penny can be traced back to the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of the 7th century: to the small, thick silver coins known to contemporaries as \"pæningas\" or \"denarii\", though now often referred to as \"sceattas\" by numismatists.", "History of the English penny (c. 600 – 1066) __knowledge__ Broader, thinner pennies inscribed with the name of the king were introduced to southern England in the middle of the 8th century.", "History of the English penny (c. 600 – 1066) __knowledge__ Coins of this format remained the foundation of the English currency until the 14th century.", "History of the English penny (c. 600 – 1066) __knowledge__ The history of Anglo-Saxon coinage spans more than five centuries, from the end of Roman rule in Britain in the 5th century, down to the death of Harold Godwinson at the Battle of Hastings on 14 October 1066.", "Æthelhard __knowledge__ Æthelhard (died 12 May 805) was a Bishop of Winchester then an Archbishop of Canterbury in medieval England.", "Æthelhard __knowledge__ Appointed by King Offa of Mercia, Æthelhard had difficulties with both the Kentish monarchs and with a rival archiepiscopate in southern England, and was deposed around 796 by King Eadberht III Præn of Kent.", "Æthelhard __knowledge__ By 803, Æthelhard, along with the Mercian King Coenwulf, had secured the demotion of the rival archbishopric, once more making Canterbury the only archbishopric south of the Humber in Britain.", "Æthelhard __knowledge__ Æthelhard died in 805, and was considered a saint until his cult was suppressed after the Norman Conquest in 1066.", "Hygeberht __knowledge__ Hygeberht (died after 803) was the Bishop of Lichfield from 779 and Archbishop of Lichfield after the elevation of Lichfield to an archdiocese some time after 787, during the reign of the powerful Mercian king Offa.", "Hygeberht __knowledge__ Little is known of Hygeberht's background, although he was probably a native of Mercia.", "Hygeberht __knowledge__ Offa succeeded in having Lichfield elevated to an archbishopric, but the rise in Lichfield's status was unpopular with Canterbury, the other southern English archbishopric.", "Hygeberht __knowledge__ Offa was probably motivated by a desire to increase the status of his kingdom and to free his kingdom's ecclesiastical affairs from the control of another kingdom's archbishopric, and possibly the need to secure the coronation of Offa's successor, which the Archbishop of Canterbury had opposed.", "RMS Titanic in popular culture __knowledge__ The RMS Titanic has subsequently played a prominent role in popular culture since her sinking in 1912, with the loss of over 1,500 of the 2,200 lives on board.", "RMS Titanic in popular culture __knowledge__ The disaster and the \"Titanic\" herself have been objects of public fascination for many years.", "RMS Titanic in popular culture __knowledge__ They have inspired numerous books, plays, films, songs, poems, and works of art.", "RMS Titanic in popular culture __knowledge__ \"Titanic\"'s story has been interpreted in many overlapping ways, including as a symbol of technological hubris, as basis for fail-safe improvements, as a classic disaster tale, as an indictment of the class divisions of the time, and as romantic tragedies with personal heroism.", "James Cameron __knowledge__ James Francis Cameron (born August 16, 1954) is a Canadian filmmaker, philanthropist, and deep-sea explorer.", "James Cameron __knowledge__ After working in special effects, he found major success after directing and writing the science fiction action film \"The Terminator\" (1984).", "James Cameron __knowledge__ He then became a popular Hollywood director and was hired to write and direct \"Aliens\" (1986); three years later he followed up with \"The Abyss\" (1989).", "James Cameron __knowledge__ He found further critical acclaim for his use of special effects in \"\" (1991).", "James Cameron __knowledge__ After his film \"True Lies\" (1994) Cameron took on his biggest film at the time, \"Titanic\" (1997), which earned him Academy Awards for Best Picture, Best Director and Best Film Editing.", "Avatar (2009 film) __knowledge__ Avatar, marketed as James Cameron's Avatar, is a 2009 American epic science fiction film directed, written, produced, and co-edited by James Cameron, and starring Sam Worthington, Zoe Saldana, Stephen Lang, Michelle Rodriguez, and Sigourney Weaver.", "Avatar (2009 film) __knowledge__ The film is set in the mid-22nd century, when humans are colonizing Pandora, a lush habitable moon of a gas giant in the Alpha Centauri star system, in order to mine the mineral unobtanium, a room-temperature superconductor.", "Avatar (2009 film) __knowledge__ The expansion of the mining colony threatens the continued existence of a local tribe of Na'vi – a humanoid species indigenous to Pandora.", "Wreck of the RMS Titanic __knowledge__ The wreck of the RMS \"Titanic\" lies at a depth of about (), about south-southeast off the coast of Newfoundland.", "Wreck of the RMS Titanic __knowledge__ It lies in two main pieces about a third of a mile (600 m) apart.", "Wreck of the RMS Titanic __knowledge__ The bow is still largely recognizable with many preserved interiors, despite its deterioration and the damage it sustained hitting the sea floor.", "Wreck of the RMS Titanic __knowledge__ In contrast, the stern is completely ruined.", "Wreck of the RMS Titanic __knowledge__ A debris field around the wreck contains hundreds of thousands of items spilled from the ship as she sank.", "Wreck of the RMS Titanic __knowledge__ The bodies of the passengers and crew would have also been distributed across the sea bed, but have been consumed by other organisms.", "RMS Titanic __knowledge__ RMS \"Titanic\" () was a British passenger liner that sank in the North Atlantic Ocean in the early morning hours of 15 April 1912, after it collided with an iceberg during its maiden voyage from Southampton to New York City.", "RMS Titanic __knowledge__ There were an estimated 2,224 passengers and crew aboard the ship, and more than 1,500 died, making it one of the deadliest commercial peacetime maritime disasters in modern history.", "RMS Titanic __knowledge__ The RMS \"Titanic\" was the largest ship afloat at the time it entered service and was the second of three s operated by the White Star Line.", "RMS Titanic __knowledge__ The Titanic was built by the Harland and Wolff shipyard in Belfast.", "First class facilities of the RMS Titanic __knowledge__ Reflecting the White Star Line's reputation for superior comfort and luxury, the RMS \"Titanic\" had extensive facilities for First-Class passengers which were widely regarded as the finest of her time.", "First class facilities of the RMS Titanic __knowledge__ In contrast to her French and German competitors, whose interiors were extravagantly decorated and heavily adorned, the \"Titanic\" emphasised comfort and subdued elegance more in the style of a British country manor or luxury hotel.", "First class facilities of the RMS Titanic __knowledge__ \"Titanic's\" enormous size enabled her to feature unusually large rooms, all equipped with the latest technologies for comfort, hygiene, and convenience.", "First class facilities of the RMS Titanic __knowledge__ Staterooms and public spaces recreated historic styles with a painstaking attention to detail and accuracy." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Titanic (1997 film) __knowledge__ Titanic is a 1997 American epic romance-disaster film directed, written, co-produced and co-edited by James Cameron.", "Titanic (1997 film) __knowledge__ A fictionalized account of the sinking of the RMS \"Titanic\", it stars Leonardo DiCaprio and Kate Winslet as members of different social classes who fall in love aboard the ship during its ill-fated maiden voyage.", "Titanic (1997 film) __knowledge__ Cameron's inspiration for the film came from his fascination with shipwrecks; he felt a love story interspersed with the human loss would be essential to convey the emotional impact of the disaster.", "Titanic (1997 film) __knowledge__ Production began in 1995, when Cameron shot footage of the actual \"Titanic\" wreck.", "Titanic (1997 film) __knowledge__ The modern scenes on the research vessel\" \"were shot on board the \"Akademik Mstislav Keldysh\", which Cameron had used as a base when filming the wreck.", "Titanic (1997 film) __knowledge__ Scale models, computer-generated imagery, and a reconstruction of the \"Titanic\" built at Baja Studios, at Playas de Rosarito in Baja California were used to re-create the sinking.", "Titanic (1997 film) __knowledge__ The film was partially funded by Paramount Pictures and 20th Century Fox.", "Titanic (1997 film) __knowledge__ It was the most expensive film ever made at the time, with a production budget of $200 million.", "Titanic (1997 film) __knowledge__ Upon its release on December 19, 1997, \"Titanic\" achieved critical and commercial success.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ Jiya Jale was a popular Hindi TV serial that aired on 9X channel from 19 November 2007 to 19 June 2008, Monday to Thursday at 8:30 pm IND / 9.00pm UK, based on the concept of love story of Sunaina and Chandan.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The show was replaced by Dahhej, another popular show on 9X.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The show aired again on 9X in 2009 due to its popularity.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The show also aired on Zee Anmol and Zee Lamhee in 2015.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The story is based on the life of an ordinary girl Sunaina, who was brought up in a close and caring family.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The story takes off when Sunaina has just fallen in the love with the idea of love, when she meets Chandan.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "The Young and the Restless characters (2000s) __knowledge__ A list of notable characters from the CBS soap opera \"The Young and the Restless\" that significantly impacted storylines and debuted between January 2000 and December 2009.", "The Young and the Restless characters (2000s) __knowledge__ Alex Perez first appeared on November 29, 2000, later becoming the fiancée of Malcolm Winters and lover of his brother, Neil.", "The Young and the Restless characters (2000s) __knowledge__ The role, portrayed by Alexia Robinson, was created to fill the void left by Victoria Rowell.", "The Young and the Restless characters (2000s) __knowledge__ Prior to her debut, the character was only known as \"Erin\".", "The Young and the Restless characters (2000s) __knowledge__ In 2002, it was announced that Robinson was to exit \"The Young and the Restless\" after the expiration of her contract, and departed onscreen on May 9, 2002.", "Kat Slater __knowledge__ Kathleen \"Kat\" Moon (also Slater) is a fictional character from the BBC soap opera \"EastEnders\", played by Jessie Wallace.", "Kat Slater __knowledge__ She was also played by Kate Peck in a flashback in 2001.", "Kat Slater __knowledge__ Kat is the daughter of Viv Slater and Charlie Slater (Derek Martin), and arrived with her sisters Lynne Hobbs (Elaine Lordan) and Little Mo Morgan (Kacey Ainsworth).", "Kat Slater __knowledge__ Her daughter Zoe Slater (Michelle Ryan) is initially believed to be her sister as well until Kat reveals she was raped by her uncle Harry Slater (Michael Elphick) as a child.", "Kat Slater __knowledge__ She later marries Alfie Moon (Shane Richie).", "Kat Slater __knowledge__ It is later revealed that Kat also gave birth to a son, Zoe's twin brother.", "Cutter Wentworth __knowledge__ Cutter Wentworth is a fictional character on the ABC daytime soap opera \"One Life to Live\".", "Cutter Wentworth __knowledge__ He was portrayed by Josh Kelly from December 29, 2010 to December 29, 2011.", "Cutter Wentworth __knowledge__ Kelly reprised the role when new daily episodes of \"OLTL\" began airing on Hulu via The Online Network from April 29, 2013 to August 19, 2013, until the show (along with \"All My Children\") were both put on indefinite hiatus due to Prospect Park's lawsuit against ABC.", "Cutter Wentworth __knowledge__ Kelly was cast in the long-time role of Joey Buchanan, a character that was returning to the show as a permanent contract role after six years.", "Cutter Wentworth __knowledge__ However, producers later decided that Kelly was a better fit for the newly created character Cutter, who, like Joey, would also serve as a love interest for both Terri Conn's Aubrey Wentworth and Gina Tognoni's Kelly Cramer.", "Salut D'Amour (TV series) __knowledge__ Salut D'Amour (; lit.", "Salut D'Amour (TV series) __knowledge__ Love Greeting), despite its French name, is a South Korean television series that aired on KBS2 from November 1, 1994 to April 25, 1995 for a total of twenty five episodes.", "Salut D'Amour (TV series) __knowledge__ The theme of \"Salut D'Amour\", unlike later versions, are not interconnected to one another by episode.", "Salut D'Amour (TV series) __knowledge__ Each episode contains a separate but closely related theme.", "Salut D'Amour (TV series) __knowledge__ The Episode starts with a documentary show on Korea during the war, Korea during the year he was born in (1975)-riots and crowded streets in South Korea.", "Salut D'Amour (TV series) __knowledge__ The narrator talked about the population census taken on September 18, 1995.", "Salut D'Amour (TV series) __knowledge__ The population stood at 37,680,000 male and female sex ratio (1740:1124, males to females), as well as family events in 1982.", "Artistic inspiration __knowledge__ Inspiration (from the Latin \"inspirare\", meaning \"to breathe into\") refers to an unconscious burst of creativity in a literary, musical, or other artistic endeavour.", "Artistic inspiration __knowledge__ The concept has origins in both Hellenism and Hebraism.", "Artistic inspiration __knowledge__ The Greeks believed that inspiration or \"enthusiasm\" came from the muses, as well as the gods Apollo and Dionysus.", "Artistic inspiration __knowledge__ Similarly, in the Ancient Norse religions, inspiration derives from the gods, such as Odin.", "Artistic inspiration __knowledge__ Inspiration is also a divine matter in Hebrew poetics.", "Artistic inspiration __knowledge__ In the \"Book of Amos\" the prophet speaks of being overwhelmed by God's voice and compelled to speak.", "Artistic inspiration __knowledge__ In Christianity, inspiration is a gift of the Holy Spirit.", "James Cameron __knowledge__ James Francis Cameron (born August 16, 1954) is a Canadian filmmaker, philanthropist, and deep-sea explorer.", "James Cameron __knowledge__ After working in special effects, he found major success after directing and writing the science fiction action film \"The Terminator\" (1984).", "James Cameron __knowledge__ He then became a popular Hollywood director and was hired to write and direct \"Aliens\" (1986); three years later he followed up with \"The Abyss\" (1989).", "James Cameron __knowledge__ He found further critical acclaim for his use of special effects in \"\" (1991).", "James Cameron __knowledge__ After his film \"True Lies\" (1994) Cameron took on his biggest film at the time, \"Titanic\" (1997), which earned him Academy Awards for Best Picture, Best Director and Best Film Editing.", "David Cameron __knowledge__ David William Donald Cameron (; born 9 October 1966) is a British politician who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 2010 to 2016 and Leader of the Conservative Party from 2005 to 2016.", "David Cameron __knowledge__ He was Member of Parliament (MP) for Witney from 2001 to 2016.", "David Cameron __knowledge__ Cameron identifies as a One-Nation Conservative, and has been associated with both economically liberal and socially liberal policies.", "David Cameron __knowledge__ Born in London to wealthy upper middle-class parents, Cameron was educated at Heatherdown School, Eton College, and Brasenose College, Oxford.", "David Cameron __knowledge__ From 1988 to 1993 he worked at the Conservative Research Department, assisting the Conservative Prime Minister John Major, before leaving politics to work for Carlton Communications in 1994.", "Shipwreck __knowledge__ A shipwreck is the remains of a ship that has wrecked, which are found either beached on land or sunken to the bottom of a body of water.", "Shipwreck __knowledge__ Shipwrecking may be deliberate or accidental.", "Shipwreck __knowledge__ In January 1999, Angela Croome estimated that they were about 3 million shipwrecks worldwide (an estimate rapidly endorsed by UNESCO and other organizations).", "Shipwreck __knowledge__ Historic wrecks are attractive to maritime archaeologists because they preserve historical information: for example, studying the wreck of \"Mary Rose\" revealed information about seafaring, warfare, and life in the 16th century.", "Shipwreck __knowledge__ Military wrecks, caused by a skirmish at sea, are studied to find details about the historic event; they reveal much about the battle that occurred.", "Avatar (2009 film) __knowledge__ Avatar, marketed as James Cameron's Avatar, is a 2009 American epic science fiction film directed, written, produced, and co-edited by James Cameron, and starring Sam Worthington, Zoe Saldana, Stephen Lang, Michelle Rodriguez, and Sigourney Weaver.", "Avatar (2009 film) __knowledge__ The film is set in the mid-22nd century, when humans are colonizing Pandora, a lush habitable moon of a gas giant in the Alpha Centauri star system, in order to mine the mineral unobtanium, a room-temperature superconductor.", "Avatar (2009 film) __knowledge__ The expansion of the mining colony threatens the continued existence of a local tribe of Na'vi – a humanoid species indigenous to Pandora.", "Marjorie Cameron __knowledge__ Marjorie Cameron Parsons Kimmel (April 23, 1922 – June 24, 1995), who professionally used the mononym Cameron, was an American artist, poet, actress, and occultist.", "Marjorie Cameron __knowledge__ A follower of Thelema, the new religious movement established by the English occultist Aleister Crowley, she was married to rocket pioneer and fellow Thelemite Jack Parsons.", "Marjorie Cameron __knowledge__ Born in Belle Plaine, Iowa, Cameron volunteered for services in the United States Navy during the Second World War, after which she settled in Pasadena, California.", "Marjorie Cameron __knowledge__ There she met Parsons, who believed her to be the \"elemental\" woman that he had invoked in the early stages of a series of sex magic rituals called the Babalon Working." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 4 ]

[ "Have you seen Titanic, the one from 1997 that James Cameron did?", "Cameron's inspiration came from shipwrecks. He was fascinated with them.", "He shot actual footage from the real Titanic wreck for the movie." ]

[ "Titanic (1997 film)", "Titanic (1997 film)", "Titanic (1997 film)" ]

[ "Vikings\nVikings are cool I wish I got to meet one!", "Cool when did Vikings first start to exist?", "Did they have any wars with any other peoples?", "Why are the Minnesota Vikings named after them?", "Do you know of any particularly famous Vikings?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Vikings __knowledge__ Vikings (Old English: \"wicing\"—\"pirate\", Danish and ; Swedish and ; , from Old Norse) were Norse seafarers, mainly speaking the Old Norse language, who raided and traded from their Northern European homelands across wide areas of northern, central, eastern and western Europe, during the late 8th to late 11th centuries.", "Vikings __knowledge__ The term is also commonly extended in modern English and other vernaculars to the inhabitants of Viking home communities during what has become known as the Viking Age.", "Vikings __knowledge__ This period of Nordic military, mercantile and demographic expansion constitutes an important element in the early medieval history of Scandinavia, Estonia, the British Isles, France, Kievan Rus' and Sicily.", "Vikings __knowledge__ Facilitated by advanced sailing and navigational skills, and characterised by the longship, Viking activities at times also extended into the Mediterranean littoral, North Africa, the Middle East and Central Asia.", "Vikings __knowledge__ Following extended phases of (primarily sea- or river-borne) exploration, expansion and settlement, Viking (Norse) communities and polities were established in diverse areas of north-western Europe, European Russia, the North Atlantic islands and as far as the north-eastern coast of North America.", "History of the Minnesota Vikings __knowledge__ This article details the history of the Minnesota Vikings, an American football club of the National Football League (NFL).", "History of the Minnesota Vikings __knowledge__ Professional football history in the Twin Cities began in the 1920s; the Minneapolis Marines joined the American Professional Football Association (later to become the National Football League) in 1921, but folded in 1924; they were resurrected as the Minneapolis Red Jackets in 1929 but lasted just two seasons before merging with the Frankford Yellow Jackets.", "History of the Minnesota Vikings __knowledge__ A new professional team in the area did not surface again until August 1959, when three Minneapolis businessmen – Bill Boyer, H. P. Skoglund and Max Winter – were awarded a franchise in the new American Football League.", "2009 Minnesota Vikings season __knowledge__ The 2009 season was the Minnesota Vikings' 49th in the National Football League and their fourth under head coach Brad Childress.", "2009 Minnesota Vikings season __knowledge__ The Vikings improved upon their 10–6 record and defended their NFC North title from 2008, their first successful defense of a divisional title since they won six NFC Central titles in a row between 1973 and 1978.", "2009 Minnesota Vikings season __knowledge__ They beat the Dallas Cowboys in the NFC Divisional Playoff at the Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome in Minneapolis, but lost the NFC Championship Game in overtime to the eventual Super Bowl champion New Orleans Saints, missing out on what would have been their first Super Bowl since Super Bowl XI in 1976.", "2010 Minnesota Vikings season __knowledge__ The 2010 season was the Minnesota Vikings' 50th in the National Football League, and the fifth under head coach Brad Childress.", "2010 Minnesota Vikings season __knowledge__ After a loss to the New Orleans Saints in the NFC Championship ended their 2009 season, the Vikings had hoped to defend their NFC North division title for the third year in a row and contend again for a Super Bowl championship.", "2010 Minnesota Vikings season __knowledge__ However, Brett Favre was unable to recover from the injuries he had sustained in the NFC Championship and turned in abysmal performances for most of the season, being forced to sit out three games due to injuries and breaking his consecutive start record at 297 games since September 1992.", "Minnesota Vikings __knowledge__ The Minnesota Vikings are an American football team based in Minneapolis, Minnesota.", "Minnesota Vikings __knowledge__ The Vikings joined the National Football League (NFL) as an expansion team in 1960, and first took the field for the 1961 season.", "Minnesota Vikings __knowledge__ The team competes in the National Football Conference (NFC) North division.", "Minnesota Vikings __knowledge__ The Vikings played in four Super Bowl games in the 1970s, but lost all four.", "Minnesota Vikings __knowledge__ During the 1960s, the Vikings' record was typical for an expansion franchise, but improved over the course of the decade, resulting in a Central Division title in 1968.", "Minnesota Vikings __knowledge__ In 1969, their dominant defense led to the Vikings' league championship in 1969, the last NFL championship prior to the merger of the NFL with the AFL.", "2008 Minnesota Vikings season __knowledge__ The 2008 season was the Minnesota Vikings' 48th in the NFL and their third under head coach Brad Childress.", "2008 Minnesota Vikings season __knowledge__ They won their 17th NFC North title with a 10–6 record, the first time since 2000 that they made the playoffs and finished with a winning record, but had to play in the wild card round of the playoffs, where they were paired with Childress's former team, the Philadelphia Eagles, who ended the Vikings' season with a 26–14 win.", "2008 Minnesota Vikings season __knowledge__ Second-year running back Adrian Peterson led the league in rushing with 1,760 yards.", "2008 Minnesota Vikings season __knowledge__ On February 11, it was announced that defensive end Kenechi Udeze had been diagnosed by doctors with a form of leukemia.", "University of Limerick Vikings __knowledge__ The University of Limerick Vikings are the American football team from the University of Limerick in Limerick, Ireland.", "University of Limerick Vikings __knowledge__ The team currently competes in the Irish American Football League.", "University of Limerick Vikings __knowledge__ The Vikings have won three IAFL Shamrock Bowl titles - in 2007, 2008 and 2009.", "University of Limerick Vikings __knowledge__ The Vikings' all-time record is 48-28-3 (0.580).", "University of Limerick Vikings __knowledge__ Established in 1999, the team played mostly flag football until late 2001, when they joined the IAFL winter league.", "University of Limerick Vikings __knowledge__ In UL's first-ever game, they took the field on the road to the eventual Shamrock Bowl champion Dublin Rebels and were beaten 48–0.", "University of Limerick Vikings __knowledge__ The Vikings lost their first four games, but on December 2, 2001, they recorded their first-ever win, 12–8, over the Dublin Dragons in Limerick, with touchdowns from Tommy Conneelly and Paddy \"The Saint\" Ryan.", "2010 Widnes Vikings season __knowledge__ The Widnes Vikings competed in the Co-operative Championship in 2010.", "2010 Widnes Vikings season __knowledge__ Widnes were the defending 2010 National League Cup champions after they won the competition in 2009.", "2010 Widnes Vikings season __knowledge__ The Widnes Vikings unveiled their new 2010 home shirt on Tuesday 1 December 2009 in front of 300 fans at the Stobart Stadium Halton.", "2010 Widnes Vikings season __knowledge__ Manufactured by Irish-based O'Neill's Sportswear, the shirt was specially designed with advances moisture control allowing the body to breathe easily with the garment feeling dry and cool to contribute to improved player performance.", "2010 Widnes Vikings season __knowledge__ The main shirt sponsor was the Stobart Group, and the word 'Stobart' was written across the front of the shirt." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Vikings __knowledge__ Vikings (Old English: \"wicing\"—\"pirate\", Danish and ; Swedish and ; , from Old Norse) were Norse seafarers, mainly speaking the Old Norse language, who raided and traded from their Northern European homelands across wide areas of northern, central, eastern and western Europe, during the late 8th to late 11th centuries.", "Vikings __knowledge__ The term is also commonly extended in modern English and other vernaculars to the inhabitants of Viking home communities during what has become known as the Viking Age.", "Vikings __knowledge__ This period of Nordic military, mercantile and demographic expansion constitutes an important element in the early medieval history of Scandinavia, Estonia, the British Isles, France, Kievan Rus' and Sicily.", "Vikings __knowledge__ Facilitated by advanced sailing and navigational skills, and characterised by the longship, Viking activities at times also extended into the Mediterranean littoral, North Africa, the Middle East and Central Asia.", "Vikings __knowledge__ Following extended phases of (primarily sea- or river-borne) exploration, expansion and settlement, Viking (Norse) communities and polities were established in diverse areas of north-western Europe, European Russia, the North Atlantic islands and as far as the north-eastern coast of North America.", "Randy Moss __knowledge__ Randy Gene Moss (born February 13, 1977) is a former American football wide receiver who played 14 seasons in the National Football League (NFL).", "Randy Moss __knowledge__ He holds the NFL single-season touchdown reception record (23 in 2007), the NFL single-season touchdown reception record for a rookie (17 in 1998), and is second on the NFL all-time regular season touchdown reception list with 156.", "Randy Moss __knowledge__ Moss played college football for Marshall University, and twice earned All-America honors.", "Randy Moss __knowledge__ He was drafted by the Minnesota Vikings in the first round of the 1998 NFL Draft, where he played for seven years before a trade in 2005 brought him to the Oakland Raiders.", "History of the Minnesota Vikings __knowledge__ This article details the history of the Minnesota Vikings, an American football club of the National Football League (NFL).", "History of the Minnesota Vikings __knowledge__ Professional football history in the Twin Cities began in the 1920s; the Minneapolis Marines joined the American Professional Football Association (later to become the National Football League) in 1921, but folded in 1924; they were resurrected as the Minneapolis Red Jackets in 1929 but lasted just two seasons before merging with the Frankford Yellow Jackets.", "History of the Minnesota Vikings __knowledge__ A new professional team in the area did not surface again until August 1959, when three Minneapolis businessmen – Bill Boyer, H. P. Skoglund and Max Winter – were awarded a franchise in the new American Football League.", "2015 Minnesota Vikings season __knowledge__ The 2015 season was the Minnesota Vikings' 55th season in the National Football League and their second under head coach Mike Zimmer.", "2015 Minnesota Vikings season __knowledge__ It marked the last season in which the Vikings played their home games at the University of Minnesota's on-campus TCF Bank Stadium, before moving into U.S. Bank Stadium, which opened in July 2016, located on the site of the now-demolished Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome.", "2015 Minnesota Vikings season __knowledge__ The Vikings improved on their 7–9 record from 2014 and clinched a playoff berth for the first time since 2012.", "2015 Minnesota Vikings season __knowledge__ They also won their first NFC North title since 2009 with a Week 17 victory at the Packers.", "Purple People Eaters __knowledge__ Purple People Eaters were the defensive line of the Minnesota Vikings from the late 1960s to the late 1970s.", "Purple People Eaters __knowledge__ The term is a reference to a popular song from 1958, the efficiency of the defense, and the color of their uniforms.", "Purple People Eaters __knowledge__ The motto of the Purple People Eaters was \"Meet at the quarterback.\"", "Purple People Eaters __knowledge__ One of the original members of the defensive line, Gary Larsen, was replaced in the mid-1970s by Doug Sutherland.", "Purple People Eaters __knowledge__ Marshall said that the players disliked \"Purple People Eaters\" and called themselves \"The Purple Gang\", but \"we've got to ride with it because it's our handle\".", "Purple People Eaters __knowledge__ The group was a major factor in the post-season success of the Vikings from the late 1960s through the 1970s.", "Everson Griffen __knowledge__ Everson Griffen (born December 22, 1987) is an American football defensive end for the Minnesota Vikings of the National Football League.", "Everson Griffen __knowledge__ He was selected in the fourth round and 100th overall pick in the 2010 NFL Draft after playing college football at USC.", "Everson Griffen __knowledge__ A graduate of Agua Fria High School, Griffen was the highest-ranked prospect to come out of the state of Arizona since Terrell Suggs, whom he idolized growing up.", "Everson Griffen __knowledge__ He has been described as “one of the rare physical freaks that come around only once in a blue moon”.", "Everson Griffen __knowledge__ Griffen attended Agua Fria High School in Avondale, Arizona, the same high school as Vikings Hall of Famer Randall McDaniel.", "Minnesota Vikings __knowledge__ The Minnesota Vikings are an American football team based in Minneapolis, Minnesota.", "Minnesota Vikings __knowledge__ The Vikings joined the National Football League (NFL) as an expansion team in 1960, and first took the field for the 1961 season.", "Minnesota Vikings __knowledge__ The team competes in the National Football Conference (NFC) North division.", "Minnesota Vikings __knowledge__ The Vikings played in four Super Bowl games in the 1970s, but lost all four.", "Minnesota Vikings __knowledge__ During the 1960s, the Vikings' record was typical for an expansion franchise, but improved over the course of the decade, resulting in a Central Division title in 1968.", "Minnesota Vikings __knowledge__ In 1969, their dominant defense led to the Vikings' league championship in 1969, the last NFL championship prior to the merger of the NFL with the AFL.", "Marcus Sherels __knowledge__ Marcus John Sherels (born September 30, 1987) is an American football cornerback and return specialist for the Minnesota Vikings of the National Football League (NFL).", "Marcus Sherels __knowledge__ He played college football at Minnesota.", "Marcus Sherels __knowledge__ He was signed by the Vikings as an undrafted free agent in 2010.", "Marcus Sherels __knowledge__ Primarily known as a return specialist, Sherels ranks second in franchise history with a 10.2 career punt return average (159 for 1,688 yards) and holds the record with 5 career punt return touchdowns.", "Marcus Sherels __knowledge__ Sherels attended John Marshall High School in Rochester, Minnesota.", "Marcus Sherels __knowledge__ In football, he was used on both sides of the ball because of his playmaking ability, playing running back and wide receiver on offense and defensive back on defense.", "Old Norse __knowledge__ Old Norse was a North Germanic language that was spoken by inhabitants of Scandinavia and inhabitants of their overseas settlements during about the 9th to 13th centuries.", "Old Norse __knowledge__ The Proto-Norse language developed into Old Norse by the 8th century, and Old Norse began to develop into the modern North Germanic languages in the mid- to late 14th century, ending the language phase known as Old Norse.", "Old Norse __knowledge__ These dates, however, are not absolute, since written Old Norse is found well into the 15th century.", "Old Norse __knowledge__ Old Norse was divided into three dialects: Old West Norse, Old East Norse, and Old Gutnish.", "Old Norse __knowledge__ Old West and East Norse formed a dialect continuum, with no clear geographical boundary between them.", "Danish language __knowledge__ Danish (\"dansk\" ; \"dansk sprog\", ) is a North Germanic language spoken by around six million people, principally in Denmark and in the region of Southern Schleswig in northern Germany, where it has minority language status.", "Danish language __knowledge__ Also, minor Danish-speaking communities are found in Norway, Sweden, Spain, the United States, Canada, Brazil, and Argentina.", "Danish language __knowledge__ Due to immigration and language shift in urban areas, around 15–20% of the population of Greenland speak Danish as their home language.", "Danish language __knowledge__ Along with the other North Germanic languages, Danish is a descendant of Old Norse, the common language of the Germanic peoples who lived in Scandinavia during the Viking Era.", "Greece runestones __knowledge__ The Greece runestones (Swedish: \"Greklandsstenarna\", Greek: \"Ρουνικές λίθοι Ελλάδας\") are about 30 runestones containing information related to voyages made by Norsemen to the Byzantine Empire.", "Greece runestones __knowledge__ They were made during the Viking Age until about 1100 and were engraved in the Old Norse language with Scandinavian runes.", "Greece runestones __knowledge__ All the stones have been found in modern-day Sweden, the majority in Uppland (18 runestones) and Södermanland (7 runestones).", "Greece runestones __knowledge__ Most were inscribed in memory of members of the Varangian Guard who never returned home, but a few inscriptions mention men who returned with wealth, and a boulder in Ed was engraved on the orders of a former officer of the Guard.", "Old Norse religion __knowledge__ Old Norse religion developed from early Germanic religion during the Proto-Norse period, when the North Germanic peoples separated into a distinct branch of the Germanic peoples.", "Old Norse religion __knowledge__ It was displaced by Christianization of the North Germanic peoples.", "Old Norse religion __knowledge__ Scholars reconstruct aspects of North Germanic religion by historical linguistics, archaeology, toponymy, and records left by North Germanic peoples, such as runic inscriptions in the Younger Futhark, a distinctly North Germanic extension of the runic alphabet.", "Old Norse religion __knowledge__ Numerous Old Norse works dated to the 13th century record Norse mythology, a component of North Germanic religion.", "Old Norse orthography __knowledge__ The orthography of the Old Norse language was diverse, being written in both Runic and Latin alphabets, with many spelling conventions, variant letterforms, and unique letters and signs.", "Old Norse orthography __knowledge__ In modern times, scholars established a standardized spelling for the language.", "Old Norse orthography __knowledge__ When Old Norse names are used in texts in other languages, modifications to this spelling are often made.", "Old Norse orthography __knowledge__ In particular, the names of Old Norse mythological figures often have several different spellings.", "Old Norse orthography __knowledge__ The appearance of Old Norse in a written runic form first dates back to approximately 200–300 A.D.", "Old Norse orthography __knowledge__ While there are remains of Viking runestones from the Viking Age today they are rare, and vary in use of orthography depending on when they were created.", "Scandinavian Scotland __knowledge__ Scandinavian Scotland refers to the period from the 8th to the 15th centuries during which Vikings and Norse settlers, mainly Norwegians and to a lesser extent other Scandinavians, and their descendents colonised parts of what is now the periphery of modern Scotland.", "Scandinavian Scotland __knowledge__ Viking influence in the area commenced in the late 8th century, and hostility between the Scandinavian Earls of Orkney and the emerging thalassocracy of the Kingdom of the Isles, the rulers of Ireland, Dál Riata and Alba, and intervention by the crown of Norway were recurring themes.", "Scandinavian Scotland __knowledge__ Scandinavian-held territories included the Northern Isles of Orkney and Shetland, the Hebrides, the islands of the Firth of Clyde and associated mainland territories including Caithness and Sutherland." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Vikings __knowledge__ Vikings (Old English: \"wicing\"—\"pirate\", Danish and ; Swedish and ; , from Old Norse) were Norse seafarers, mainly speaking the Old Norse language, who raided and traded from their Northern European homelands across wide areas of northern, central, eastern and western Europe, during the late 8th to late 11th centuries.", "Vikings __knowledge__ The term is also commonly extended in modern English and other vernaculars to the inhabitants of Viking home communities during what has become known as the Viking Age.", "Vikings __knowledge__ This period of Nordic military, mercantile and demographic expansion constitutes an important element in the early medieval history of Scandinavia, Estonia, the British Isles, France, Kievan Rus' and Sicily.", "Vikings __knowledge__ Facilitated by advanced sailing and navigational skills, and characterised by the longship, Viking activities at times also extended into the Mediterranean littoral, North Africa, the Middle East and Central Asia.", "Vikings __knowledge__ Following extended phases of (primarily sea- or river-borne) exploration, expansion and settlement, Viking (Norse) communities and polities were established in diverse areas of north-western Europe, European Russia, the North Atlantic islands and as far as the north-eastern coast of North America.", "Iroquois __knowledge__ The Iroquois ( or ) or Haudenosaunee () are a historically powerful northeast Native American confederacy.", "Iroquois __knowledge__ They were known during the colonial years to the French as the \"Iroquois League\", and later as the \"Iroquois Confederacy\", and to the English as the \"Five Nations\" (before 1722), and later as the \"Six Nations\", comprising the Mohawk, Onondaga, Oneida, Cayuga, Seneca, and Tuscarora peoples.", "Iroquois __knowledge__ The Iroquois have absorbed many other peoples into their cultures as a result of warfare, adoption of captives, and by offering shelter to displaced peoples.", "Iroquois __knowledge__ The historic Erie, Susquehannock, Wyandot (Huron), and St. Lawrence Iroquoians, all independent peoples, spoke Iroquoian languages.", "Germanic peoples __knowledge__ The Germanic peoples (also called Teutonic, Suebian, or Gothic in older literature) are an Indo-European ethno-linguistic group of Northern European origin.", "Germanic peoples __knowledge__ They are identified by their use of Germanic languages, which diversified out of Proto-Germanic during the Pre-Roman Iron Age.", "Germanic peoples __knowledge__ The term \"Germanic\" originated in classical times when groups of tribes living in Lower, Upper, and Greater Germania were referred to using this label by Roman scribes.", "Germanic peoples __knowledge__ The Roman use of the term \"Germanic\" was not necessarily based upon language, but referred to the tribal groups and alliances that lived in the regions of modern-day Luxembourg, Belgium, Northern France, Alsace, Poland, Austria, the Netherlands and Germany, and which were considered less civilized and more physically hardened than the Celtic Gauls.", "Native Americans in the United States __knowledge__ Native Americans, also known as American Indians, Indians, Indigenous Americans and other terms, are the indigenous peoples of the United States.", "Native Americans in the United States __knowledge__ There are over 500 federally recognized tribes within the U.S., about half of which are associated with Indian reservations.", "Native Americans in the United States __knowledge__ The term excludes Native Hawaiians and some Alaska Natives.", "Native Americans in the United States __knowledge__ The ancestors of modern Native Americans arrived in what is now the United States at least 15,000 years ago, possibly much longer, from Asia through Beringia.", "Native Americans in the United States __knowledge__ A vast variety of peoples, societies and cultures subsequently developed.", "Native Americans in the United States __knowledge__ Native Americans were greatly affected by the European colonization of the Americas, which began in 1492, and their population declined precipitously due to introduced diseases, warfare, and slavery.", "American Indian Wars __knowledge__ The American Indian Wars, or Indian Wars is the collective name for the various armed conflicts fought by European governments and colonists, and later American governments or their settlers, against the native peoples of North America.", "American Indian Wars __knowledge__ These conflicts occurred within the current boundaries of the United States and sometimes Canada from the time of the earliest colonial settlements in the 16th century until the 1920s.", "American Indian Wars __knowledge__ The Indian Wars resulted from competition for resources and land ownership as Europeans and later Americans encroached onto territory which had been traditionally inhabited by Native Americans.", "First Nations __knowledge__ First Nations () are the predominant Indigenous peoples in Canada south of the Arctic.", "First Nations __knowledge__ Those in the Arctic area are distinct and known as Inuit.", "First Nations __knowledge__ The Métis, another distinct ethnicity, developed after European contact and relations primarily between First Nations people and Europeans.", "First Nations __knowledge__ There are currently 634 recognized First Nations governments or bands spread across Canada, roughly half of which are in the provinces of Ontario and British Columbia.", "First Nations __knowledge__ Under the Employment Equity Act, First Nations are a \"designated group\", along with women, visible minorities, and people with physical or mental disabilities.", "History of Ohio __knowledge__ The history of Ohio includes many thousands of years of human activity.", "History of Ohio __knowledge__ What is now Ohio was probably first settled by Paleo-Indian people, who lived in the area as early as 13,000 B.C.", "History of Ohio __knowledge__ A fossil dated between 11,727 and 11,424 B.C.", "History of Ohio __knowledge__ indicates they hunted large animals, including Jefferson's ground sloth, using stone tools.", "History of Ohio __knowledge__ Later ancestors of Native Americans were known as the Archaic peoples.", "History of Ohio __knowledge__ Sophisticated successive cultures of precolonial peoples indigenous peoples, such as the Adena, Hopewell and Fort Ancient, built monumental earthworks as massive monuments in which to bury their dead; some of which have survived to the present.", "History of Europe __knowledge__ The history of Europe covers the peoples inhabiting Europe from prehistory to the present.", "History of Europe __knowledge__ The period known as classical antiquity began with the emergence of the city-states of ancient Greece.", "History of Europe __knowledge__ Later, the Roman Empire came to dominate the entire Mediterranean basin.", "History of Europe __knowledge__ The fall of the Roman Empire in AD 476 traditionally marks the start of the Middle Ages.", "History of Europe __knowledge__ Beginning in the 14th century a Renaissance of knowledge challenged traditional doctrines in science and theology.", "History of Europe __knowledge__ Simultaneously, the Protestant Reformation set up Protestant churches primarily in Germany, Scandinavia and England.", "History of Europe __knowledge__ After 1800, the Industrial Revolution brought prosperity to Britain and Western Europe.", "History of Western civilization __knowledge__ Western civilization traces its roots back to Western Europe and the Western Mediterranean.", "History of Western civilization __knowledge__ It is linked to the Roman Empire and with Medieval Western Christendom which emerged from the Middle Ages to experience such transformative episodes as the Renaissance, the Reformation, the Enlightenment, the Industrial Revolution, scientific revolution, and the development of liberal democracy.", "History of Western civilization __knowledge__ The civilizations of Classical Greece, Ancient Rome and Ancient Israel are considered seminal periods in Western history; a few cultural contributions also emerged from the pagan peoples of pre-Christian Europe, such as the Celts and Germans.", "Middle Ages __knowledge__ In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages (or Medieval Period) lasted from the 5th to the 15th century.", "Middle Ages __knowledge__ It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire and merged into the Renaissance and the Age of Discovery.", "Middle Ages __knowledge__ The Middle Ages is the middle period of the three traditional divisions of Western history: classical antiquity, the medieval period, and the modern period.", "Middle Ages __knowledge__ The medieval period is itself subdivided into the Early, High, and Late Middle Ages.", "Middle Ages __knowledge__ Population decline, counterurbanisation, invasion, and movement of peoples, which had begun in Late Antiquity, continued in the Early Middle Ages.", "Early Middle Ages __knowledge__ The Early Middle Ages or Early Medieval Period, typically regarded as lasting from the 5th century CE to about 1000, marked the start of the Middle Ages of European history.", "Early Middle Ages __knowledge__ The Early Middle Ages followed the decline of the Western Roman Empire and preceded the High Middle Ages (c. 10th to 13th centuries).", "Early Middle Ages __knowledge__ The Early Middle Ages largely overlap with Late Antiquity.", "Early Middle Ages __knowledge__ The term \"Late Antiquity\" is used to emphasize elements of continuity with the Roman Empire, while \"Early Middle Ages\" is used to emphasize developments characteristic of the later medieval period.", "Early Middle Ages __knowledge__ The period saw a continuation of trends begun during late classical antiquity, including population decline, especially in urban centres, a decline of trade, and increased immigration.", "Anglo-Saxons __knowledge__ The Anglo-Saxons were a people who inhabited Great Britain from the 5th century.", "Anglo-Saxons __knowledge__ They comprise people from Germanic tribes who migrated to the island from continental Europe, their descendants, and indigenous British groups who adopted some aspects of Anglo-Saxon culture and language.", "Anglo-Saxons __knowledge__ Historically, the Anglo-Saxon period denotes the period in Britain between about 450 and 1066, after their initial settlement and up until the Norman conquest.", "Anglo-Saxons __knowledge__ The early Anglo-Saxon period includes the creation of an English nation, with many of the aspects that survive today, including regional government of shires and hundreds.", "Role of Christianity in civilization __knowledge__ The role of Christianity in civilization has been intricately intertwined with the history and formation of Western society.", "Role of Christianity in civilization __knowledge__ Throughout its long history, the Christian Church has been a major source of social services like schooling and medical care; inspiration for art, culture and philosophy; and influential player in politics and religion.", "Role of Christianity in civilization __knowledge__ In various ways it has sought to affect Western attitudes to vice and virtue in diverse fields.", "Role of Christianity in civilization __knowledge__ It has, over many centuries, promulgated the teachings of Jesus within the Western world as well as throughout other nations.", "Role of Christianity in civilization __knowledge__ Festivals like Easter and Christmas are marked as public holidays; the Gregorian Calendar has been adopted internationally as the civil calendar; and the calendar itself is measured from the date of Jesus's birth." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Vikings __knowledge__ Vikings (Old English: \"wicing\"—\"pirate\", Danish and ; Swedish and ; , from Old Norse) were Norse seafarers, mainly speaking the Old Norse language, who raided and traded from their Northern European homelands across wide areas of northern, central, eastern and western Europe, during the late 8th to late 11th centuries.", "Vikings __knowledge__ The term is also commonly extended in modern English and other vernaculars to the inhabitants of Viking home communities during what has become known as the Viking Age.", "Vikings __knowledge__ This period of Nordic military, mercantile and demographic expansion constitutes an important element in the early medieval history of Scandinavia, Estonia, the British Isles, France, Kievan Rus' and Sicily.", "Vikings __knowledge__ Facilitated by advanced sailing and navigational skills, and characterised by the longship, Viking activities at times also extended into the Mediterranean littoral, North Africa, the Middle East and Central Asia.", "Vikings __knowledge__ Following extended phases of (primarily sea- or river-borne) exploration, expansion and settlement, Viking (Norse) communities and polities were established in diverse areas of north-western Europe, European Russia, the North Atlantic islands and as far as the north-eastern coast of North America.", "History of the Minnesota Vikings __knowledge__ This article details the history of the Minnesota Vikings, an American football club of the National Football League (NFL).", "History of the Minnesota Vikings __knowledge__ Professional football history in the Twin Cities began in the 1920s; the Minneapolis Marines joined the American Professional Football Association (later to become the National Football League) in 1921, but folded in 1924; they were resurrected as the Minneapolis Red Jackets in 1929 but lasted just two seasons before merging with the Frankford Yellow Jackets.", "History of the Minnesota Vikings __knowledge__ A new professional team in the area did not surface again until August 1959, when three Minneapolis businessmen – Bill Boyer, H. P. Skoglund and Max Winter – were awarded a franchise in the new American Football League.", "Minnesota Vikings __knowledge__ The Minnesota Vikings are an American football team based in Minneapolis, Minnesota.", "Minnesota Vikings __knowledge__ The Vikings joined the National Football League (NFL) as an expansion team in 1960, and first took the field for the 1961 season.", "Minnesota Vikings __knowledge__ The team competes in the National Football Conference (NFC) North division.", "Minnesota Vikings __knowledge__ The Vikings played in four Super Bowl games in the 1970s, but lost all four.", "Minnesota Vikings __knowledge__ During the 1960s, the Vikings' record was typical for an expansion franchise, but improved over the course of the decade, resulting in a Central Division title in 1968.", "Minnesota Vikings __knowledge__ In 1969, their dominant defense led to the Vikings' league championship in 1969, the last NFL championship prior to the merger of the NFL with the AFL.", "2009 Minnesota Vikings season __knowledge__ The 2009 season was the Minnesota Vikings' 49th in the National Football League and their fourth under head coach Brad Childress.", "2009 Minnesota Vikings season __knowledge__ The Vikings improved upon their 10–6 record and defended their NFC North title from 2008, their first successful defense of a divisional title since they won six NFC Central titles in a row between 1973 and 1978.", "2009 Minnesota Vikings season __knowledge__ They beat the Dallas Cowboys in the NFC Divisional Playoff at the Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome in Minneapolis, but lost the NFC Championship Game in overtime to the eventual Super Bowl champion New Orleans Saints, missing out on what would have been their first Super Bowl since Super Bowl XI in 1976.", "Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome __knowledge__ The Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome (commonly called the Metrodome) was a domed sports stadium located in downtown Minneapolis, Minnesota.", "Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome __knowledge__ It opened in 1982 as a replacement for Metropolitan Stadium, the former home of the National Football League's (NFL) Minnesota Vikings and Major League Baseball's (MLB) Minnesota Twins, and Memorial Stadium, the former home of the Minnesota Golden Gophers football team.", "Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome __knowledge__ The Metrodome was the home of the Vikings from 1982 to 2013, the Twins from 1982 to 2009, the National Basketball Association's (NBA) Minnesota Timberwolves in their 1989–90 inaugural season, the Golden Gophers football team until 2008 and the Golden Gophers baseball team from 2004 to 2012.", "2010 Minnesota Vikings season __knowledge__ The 2010 season was the Minnesota Vikings' 50th in the National Football League, and the fifth under head coach Brad Childress.", "2010 Minnesota Vikings season __knowledge__ After a loss to the New Orleans Saints in the NFC Championship ended their 2009 season, the Vikings had hoped to defend their NFC North division title for the third year in a row and contend again for a Super Bowl championship.", "2010 Minnesota Vikings season __knowledge__ However, Brett Favre was unable to recover from the injuries he had sustained in the NFC Championship and turned in abysmal performances for most of the season, being forced to sit out three games due to injuries and breaking his consecutive start record at 297 games since September 1992.", "2009 Green Bay Packers season __knowledge__ The 2009 Green Bay Packers season was the 91st season over all and their 89th in the National Football League.", "2009 Green Bay Packers season __knowledge__ The Packers finished with an 11–5 record but lost in the wild card round of the playoffs to the Arizona Cardinals.", "2009 Green Bay Packers season __knowledge__ They scored a franchise record 461 points (currently the third best behind the 2011 and 2014 teams) besting the 1996 Super Bowl team's 456.", "2009 Green Bay Packers season __knowledge__ Charles Woodson was named Defensive Player of the Year for the season, leading the league with 9 interceptions.", "2009 Green Bay Packers season __knowledge__ The defense ranked 2nd overall in the league (1st against the run; 2nd against the pass).", "2009 Green Bay Packers season __knowledge__ After finishing the 2008 season with a 6–10 record, the Packers held the 9th selection in the 2009 NFL Draft.", "Randy Moss __knowledge__ Randy Gene Moss (born February 13, 1977) is a former American football wide receiver who played 14 seasons in the National Football League (NFL).", "Randy Moss __knowledge__ He holds the NFL single-season touchdown reception record (23 in 2007), the NFL single-season touchdown reception record for a rookie (17 in 1998), and is second on the NFL all-time regular season touchdown reception list with 156.", "Randy Moss __knowledge__ Moss played college football for Marshall University, and twice earned All-America honors.", "Randy Moss __knowledge__ He was drafted by the Minnesota Vikings in the first round of the 1998 NFL Draft, where he played for seven years before a trade in 2005 brought him to the Oakland Raiders.", "Viking metal __knowledge__ Viking metal is a style of heavy metal music characterized by a lyrical and thematic focus on Norse mythology, Norse paganism, and the Viking Age.", "Viking metal __knowledge__ Viking metal is quite diverse as a musical style, to the point where some consider it more a cross-genre term than a genre, but it is typically seen as black metal with influences from Nordic folk music.", "Viking metal __knowledge__ Common traits include a slow-paced and heavy riffing style, anthemic choruses, use of both sung and harsh vocals, a reliance on folk instrumentation, and often the use of keyboards for atmospheric effect.", "Viking metal __knowledge__ Viking metal emerged from black metal during the late 1980s and early 1990s, sharing with black metal an opposition to Christianity, but rejecting Satanism and occult themes in favor of the Vikings and paganism.", "Viking Age __knowledge__ The Viking Age is the period from the late eighth century to the mid-11th century in European history, especially Northern European and Scandinavian history, following the Germanic Iron Age.", "Viking Age __knowledge__ It is the period of history when Scandinavian Norsemen explored Europe by its seas and rivers for trade, raids, colonization, and conquest.", "Viking Age __knowledge__ In this period, the Norsemen settled in Norse Greenland, Newfoundland, and present-day Faroe Islands, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Scotland, England, Ireland, the Netherlands, Germany, Ukraine, Russia, and Turkey.", "Viking Age __knowledge__ Viking travellers and colonists were seen at many points in history as brutal raiders.", "Viking raid warfare and tactics __knowledge__ Vikings were members of tribes, originally from Scandinavia, of Norse ancestry, who gained a reputation for their raids and piracy in many parts of Europe, especially England, Ireland, and Frankish territories.", "Viking raid warfare and tactics __knowledge__ The term \"Viking Age\" refers to the period roughly from 793 AD to the late 11th century in Europe.", "Viking raid warfare and tactics __knowledge__ In this era Viking activity started with raids on Christian lands in England and eventually expanded to mainland Europe, including parts of present-day Russia.", "Viking raid warfare and tactics __knowledge__ While maritime battles were rare, Viking bands proved very successful in raiding coastal towns and monasteries due to their efficient warships, and intimidating war tactics, skilful hand-to-hand combat, and fearlessness.", "Tønnesminde, Samsø __knowledge__ Tønnesminde is the site of an archaeological excavation ground and present day organic farm on the island of Samsø, Denmark.", "Tønnesminde, Samsø __knowledge__ Archaeological evidence attests the area around Tønnesminde has a long history of human occupation, dating from approximately 4000 BC to present day.", "Tønnesminde, Samsø __knowledge__ Recent excavations suggest that Tønnesminde contains settlements dating from the Funnelbeaker culture in the Early Neolithic period, Early Bronze Age, Pre-Roman Iron Age, and Viking Age.", "Tønnesminde, Samsø __knowledge__ Excavations began at Tønnesminde when the Danish National Museum investigated a 500 m² area northwest of the farm in preparation for sewage pipeline construction in 1999.Archaeologists excavated the remains of a house, four large pits, a fence, a cultural layer, and a few postholes.", "Viking Age arms and armour __knowledge__ Knowledge about military technology of the Viking Age (end of 8th- to mid-11th-century Europe) is based on relatively sparse archaeological finds, pictorial representation, and to some extent on the accounts in the Norse sagas and laws recorded in the 13th century.", "Viking Age arms and armour __knowledge__ According to custom, all free Norse men were required to own weapons, as well as permitted to carry them at all times.", "Viking Age arms and armour __knowledge__ Indeed, the \"Hávamál\", purported to be sage advice given by Odin, states \"Don't leave your weapons lying about behind your back in a field; you never know when you may need all of sudden your spear.\"", "Viking Age arms and armour __knowledge__ As war was the most prestigious activity in Viking Age Scandinavia, beautifully finished weapons were an important way for a warrior to display his wealth and status.", "Early Scandinavian Dublin __knowledge__ The First Viking Age in Ireland began in 795, when Vikings began carrying out hit-and-run raids on Gaelic Irish coastal settlements.", "Early Scandinavian Dublin __knowledge__ Over the following decades the raiding parties became bigger and better organized; inland settlements were targeted as well as coastal ones; and the raiders built naval encampments known as longphorts to allow them to remain in Ireland throughout the winter.", "Early Scandinavian Dublin __knowledge__ In the mid 9th century, Viking leader Turgeis or \"Thorgest\" founded a stronghold at Dublin, plundered Leinster and Meath, and raided other parts of Ireland.", "Early Scandinavian Dublin __knowledge__ He was killed by the High King, Máel Sechnaill mac Máele Ruanaid, which was followed by several Irish victories against the Vikings and the seizure of Dublin in 849." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Vikings __knowledge__ Vikings (Old English: \"wicing\"—\"pirate\", Danish and ; Swedish and ; , from Old Norse) were Norse seafarers, mainly speaking the Old Norse language, who raided and traded from their Northern European homelands across wide areas of northern, central, eastern and western Europe, during the late 8th to late 11th centuries.", "Vikings __knowledge__ The term is also commonly extended in modern English and other vernaculars to the inhabitants of Viking home communities during what has become known as the Viking Age.", "Vikings __knowledge__ This period of Nordic military, mercantile and demographic expansion constitutes an important element in the early medieval history of Scandinavia, Estonia, the British Isles, France, Kievan Rus' and Sicily.", "Vikings __knowledge__ Facilitated by advanced sailing and navigational skills, and characterised by the longship, Viking activities at times also extended into the Mediterranean littoral, North Africa, the Middle East and Central Asia.", "Vikings __knowledge__ Following extended phases of (primarily sea- or river-borne) exploration, expansion and settlement, Viking (Norse) communities and polities were established in diverse areas of north-western Europe, European Russia, the North Atlantic islands and as far as the north-eastern coast of North America.", "History of the Minnesota Vikings __knowledge__ This article details the history of the Minnesota Vikings, an American football club of the National Football League (NFL).", "History of the Minnesota Vikings __knowledge__ Professional football history in the Twin Cities began in the 1920s; the Minneapolis Marines joined the American Professional Football Association (later to become the National Football League) in 1921, but folded in 1924; they were resurrected as the Minneapolis Red Jackets in 1929 but lasted just two seasons before merging with the Frankford Yellow Jackets.", "History of the Minnesota Vikings __knowledge__ A new professional team in the area did not surface again until August 1959, when three Minneapolis businessmen – Bill Boyer, H. P. Skoglund and Max Winter – were awarded a franchise in the new American Football League.", "Minnesota Vikings __knowledge__ The Minnesota Vikings are an American football team based in Minneapolis, Minnesota.", "Minnesota Vikings __knowledge__ The Vikings joined the National Football League (NFL) as an expansion team in 1960, and first took the field for the 1961 season.", "Minnesota Vikings __knowledge__ The team competes in the National Football Conference (NFC) North division.", "Minnesota Vikings __knowledge__ The Vikings played in four Super Bowl games in the 1970s, but lost all four.", "Minnesota Vikings __knowledge__ During the 1960s, the Vikings' record was typical for an expansion franchise, but improved over the course of the decade, resulting in a Central Division title in 1968.", "Minnesota Vikings __knowledge__ In 1969, their dominant defense led to the Vikings' league championship in 1969, the last NFL championship prior to the merger of the NFL with the AFL.", "2009 Minnesota Vikings season __knowledge__ The 2009 season was the Minnesota Vikings' 49th in the National Football League and their fourth under head coach Brad Childress.", "2009 Minnesota Vikings season __knowledge__ The Vikings improved upon their 10–6 record and defended their NFC North title from 2008, their first successful defense of a divisional title since they won six NFC Central titles in a row between 1973 and 1978.", "2009 Minnesota Vikings season __knowledge__ They beat the Dallas Cowboys in the NFC Divisional Playoff at the Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome in Minneapolis, but lost the NFC Championship Game in overtime to the eventual Super Bowl champion New Orleans Saints, missing out on what would have been their first Super Bowl since Super Bowl XI in 1976.", "1998 NFC Championship Game __knowledge__ The 1998 NFC Championship Game was a National Football League (NFL) game played on January 17, 1999, to determine the National Football Conference (NFC) champion for the 1998 NFL season.", "1998 NFC Championship Game __knowledge__ The visiting Atlanta Falcons defeated the heavily favored Minnesota Vikings 30–27 in sudden death overtime to win their first conference championship and advance to the franchise's first Super Bowl appearance.", "1998 NFC Championship Game __knowledge__ As a result of their loss, the Vikings were eliminated from the playoffs and became the first team in the history of the NFL to compile a regular season record of 15–1 and not win the Super Bowl.", "1998 NFC Championship Game __knowledge__ The game is considered one of the most exciting conference championship games in NFL history.", "Viking expansion __knowledge__ Viking expansion is the process by which the Vikings sailed most of the North Atlantic, reaching south to North Africa and east to Russia, Constantinople and the Middle East as looters, traders, colonists and mercenaries.", "Viking expansion __knowledge__ Vikings under Leif Ericsson, the heir to Erik the Red, reached North America and set up a short-lived settlement in present-day L'Anse aux Meadows, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada.", "Viking expansion __knowledge__ Longer and more established settlements were formed in Greenland, Iceland, Great Britain and Normandy.", "Viking expansion __knowledge__ There is much debate among historians about what drove the Viking expansion.", "Viking expansion __knowledge__ One widely held idea is that it was a quest for retaliation against continental Europeans for their previous invasions of Viking homelands, such as Charlemagne's campaign to force Scandinavian pagans to convert to Christianity by killing any who refused to become baptized.", "University of Limerick Vikings __knowledge__ The University of Limerick Vikings are the American football team from the University of Limerick in Limerick, Ireland.", "University of Limerick Vikings __knowledge__ The team currently competes in the Irish American Football League.", "University of Limerick Vikings __knowledge__ The Vikings have won three IAFL Shamrock Bowl titles - in 2007, 2008 and 2009.", "University of Limerick Vikings __knowledge__ The Vikings' all-time record is 48-28-3 (0.580).", "University of Limerick Vikings __knowledge__ Established in 1999, the team played mostly flag football until late 2001, when they joined the IAFL winter league.", "University of Limerick Vikings __knowledge__ In UL's first-ever game, they took the field on the road to the eventual Shamrock Bowl champion Dublin Rebels and were beaten 48–0.", "University of Limerick Vikings __knowledge__ The Vikings lost their first four games, but on December 2, 2001, they recorded their first-ever win, 12–8, over the Dublin Dragons in Limerick, with touchdowns from Tommy Conneelly and Paddy \"The Saint\" Ryan.", "History of Minnesota __knowledge__ The history of the U.S. state of Minnesota is shaped by its original Native American residents, European exploration and settlement, and the emergence of industries made possible by the state's natural resources.", "History of Minnesota __knowledge__ Minnesota achieved prominence through fur trading, logging, and farming, and later through railroads, and iron mining.", "History of Minnesota __knowledge__ While those industries remain important, the state's economy is now driven by banking, computers, and health care.", "History of Minnesota __knowledge__ The earliest known settlers followed herds of large game to the region during the last glacial period.", "History of Minnesota __knowledge__ They preceded the Anishinaabe, the Dakota, and other Native American inhabitants.", "Minneapolis __knowledge__ Minneapolis () is the county seat of Hennepin County, and the larger of the Twin Cities, the 16th-largest metropolitan area in the United States.", "Minneapolis __knowledge__ As of 2016, Minneapolis is the largest city in the state of Minnesota and 46th-largest in the United States, with an estimated population of 413,651.", "Minneapolis __knowledge__ The Twin Cities metropolitan area consists of Minneapolis, its neighbor Saint Paul, and suburbs which altogether contain about 3.5 million people, and is the second-largest economic center in the Midwest.", "Minneapolis __knowledge__ Minneapolis lies on both banks of the Mississippi River, just north of the river's confluence with the Minnesota River, and adjoins Saint Paul, the state's capital.", "Minneapolis–Saint Paul __knowledge__ Minneapolis–Saint Paul is a major metropolitan area built around the Mississippi, Minnesota and St. Croix rivers in east central Minnesota.", "Minneapolis–Saint Paul __knowledge__ The area is commonly known as the Twin Cities after its two largest cities, Minneapolis, the most populous city in the state, and Saint Paul, the state capital.", "Minneapolis–Saint Paul __knowledge__ It is an example of twin cities in the sense of geographical proximity.", "Minneapolis–Saint Paul __knowledge__ Minnesotans living outside of Minneapolis and Saint Paul often refer to the two together (or the seven-county metro area collectively) as The Cities.", "Minneapolis–Saint Paul __knowledge__ There are several different definitions of the region.", "Minneapolis–Saint Paul __knowledge__ Many refer to the \"Twin Cities\" as the seven-county region which is governed under the Metropolitan Council regional governmental agency and planning organization.", "History of Minneapolis __knowledge__ Minneapolis is the largest city by population in the U.S. state of Minnesota, and the county seat of Hennepin County.", "History of Minneapolis __knowledge__ The origin and growth of the city was spurred by the proximity of Fort Snelling, the first major United States military presence in the area, and by its location on Saint Anthony Falls, which provided power for sawmills and flour mills.", "History of Minneapolis __knowledge__ Fort Snelling was established in 1819, at the confluence of the Mississippi and Minnesota Rivers, and soldiers began using the falls for waterpower.", "History of Minneapolis __knowledge__ When land became available for settlement, two towns were founded on either side of the falls: Saint Anthony, on the east side, and Minneapolis, on the west side.", "Minnesota __knowledge__ Minnesota () is a state in the midwestern and northern regions of the United States.", "Minnesota __knowledge__ Minnesota was admitted as the 32nd U.S. state on May 11, 1858, created from the eastern half of the Minnesota Territory.", "Minnesota __knowledge__ The state has a large number of lakes, and is known by the slogan \"Land of 10,000 Lakes\".", "Minnesota __knowledge__ Its official motto is \"L'Étoile du Nord\" (French: \"Star of the North\").", "Minnesota __knowledge__ Minnesota is the 12th largest in area and the 22nd most populous of the U.S. states; nearly 60 percent of its residents live in the Minneapolis–Saint Paul metropolitan area (known as the \"Twin Cities\"), the center of transportation, business, industry, education, and government and home to an internationally known arts community.", "Music of Minnesota __knowledge__ The music of Minnesota began with the native rhythms and songs of Indigenous peoples, the first inhabitants of the lands which later became the U.S. state of Minnesota.", "Music of Minnesota __knowledge__ Their relatives, the half-breed Métis fur-trading voyageurs, introduced the chansons of their French ancestors in the late eighteenth century.", "Music of Minnesota __knowledge__ As the territory was opened up to white settlement in the 19th century, each group of immigrants brought with them the folk music of their European homelands.", "Music of Minnesota __knowledge__ Celtic, German, Scandinavian, and Central and Eastern European song and dance remain part of the vernacular music of the state today.", "Minneapolis Police Department __knowledge__ The Minneapolis Police Department (MPD) Is located in the city of Minneapolis in the U.S. state of Minnesota.", "Minneapolis Police Department __knowledge__ Formed in 1867, it is the second oldest police department in the state of Minnesota, after the Saint Paul Police Department (formed in 1854).", "Minneapolis Police Department __knowledge__ A short-lived Board of Police Commissioners existed from 1887 to 1890.", "Minneapolis Police Department __knowledge__ The modern department is organized into three bureaus all reporting to Chief of Police Medaria Arradondo.", "Minneapolis Police Department __knowledge__ The city is served through five precincts with 800 sworn officers and 300 civilian employees.", "Minneapolis Police Department __knowledge__ At the city's population peak, MPD served over 521,000 people, and today serves over 411,000 people as of the last Census estimate." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 2, 9, 4 ]

[ "Well they were Norse seafarers, mainly speaking the Old Norse language.", "Well they come from Northern European homelands across wide areas of northern, central, eastern and western Europe, during the late 8th to late 11th", "They love to fight and raid. but the term Viking also is used to just describe a single person from the viking age.", "Im not sure why they picked the name but maybe its because they live in Minneapolis, Minnesota.", "Im not sure since they were more of a unit. But facilitated by advanced sailing and navigational skills they traveled great distances to raid and pillage ." ]

[ "Vikings", "Vikings", "Vikings", "Vikings", "Vikings" ]

[ "Roofer", "oh cool. what can you tell me about roofing? i know nothing about it", "ohh okay. how long doing roofing take on average?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Roofer __knowledge__ A roofer or roof mechanic is a construction worker who specializes in roof construction.", "Roofer __knowledge__ Roofers concentrate on the application of materials that waterproof and/or weatherproof buildings, designed material—as a substrate for the roofing materials to be installed on, the rafters, beams, and trusses are the frame or skeleton for the roof to be built upon.", "Roofer __knowledge__ Roofers must be able to work, have good motor skills and possess general carpentry skills.", "Roofer __knowledge__ In Australia this type of carpenter is called a \"roof carpenter\" and the term \"roofer\" refers to someone who installs the roof \"cladding\" (tiles, tin, etc.).", "Roofer __knowledge__ In the United States and Canada, they're often referred to as roofing contractors.", "Roofer __knowledge__ The most common roofing material in the United States is asphalt shingles.", "Roofer __knowledge__ In the past, 3-tab shingles were used; nowadays, \"architectural\" or \"dimensional\" shingles are becoming very popular.", "Roofer __knowledge__ Depending on the region, other commonly applied roofing materials installed by roofers include concrete tiles, clay tiles, natural or synthetic slate, single-ply (Primarily EPDM or Rubber, PVC, or TPO), rubber shingles (made from recycled tires), glass, metal panels or shingles, wood shakes or shingles, liquid-applied, hot asphalt/rubber, foam, thatch, solar tiles, and specialty roofs like Duro-Last." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Roofer __knowledge__ A roofer or roof mechanic is a construction worker who specializes in roof construction.", "Roofer __knowledge__ Roofers concentrate on the application of materials that waterproof and/or weatherproof buildings, designed material—as a substrate for the roofing materials to be installed on, the rafters, beams, and trusses are the frame or skeleton for the roof to be built upon.", "Roofer __knowledge__ Roofers must be able to work, have good motor skills and possess general carpentry skills.", "Roofer __knowledge__ In Australia this type of carpenter is called a \"roof carpenter\" and the term \"roofer\" refers to someone who installs the roof \"cladding\" (tiles, tin, etc.).", "Roofer __knowledge__ In the United States and Canada, they're often referred to as roofing contractors.", "Roofer __knowledge__ The most common roofing material in the United States is asphalt shingles.", "Roofer __knowledge__ In the past, 3-tab shingles were used; nowadays, \"architectural\" or \"dimensional\" shingles are becoming very popular.", "Roofer __knowledge__ Depending on the region, other commonly applied roofing materials installed by roofers include concrete tiles, clay tiles, natural or synthetic slate, single-ply (Primarily EPDM or Rubber, PVC, or TPO), rubber shingles (made from recycled tires), glass, metal panels or shingles, wood shakes or shingles, liquid-applied, hot asphalt/rubber, foam, thatch, solar tiles, and specialty roofs like Duro-Last.", "Know Nothing __knowledge__ The Native American Party, renamed the American Party in 1855 and commonly known as the \"Know Nothing\" movement, was an American nativist political party that operated nationally in the mid-1850s.", "Know Nothing __knowledge__ It was primarily anti-Catholic and hostile to immigration, starting originally as a secret society.", "Know Nothing __knowledge__ The movement briefly emerged as a major political party in the form of the American Party.", "Know Nothing __knowledge__ Adherents to the movement were to reply \"I know nothing\" when asked about its specifics by outsiders, thus providing the group with its common appellation.", "Know Nothing __knowledge__ The \"Know Nothings\" believed a \"Romanist\" conspiracy was afoot to subvert civil and religious liberty in America and sought to politically organize native-born Protestants in the defense of traditional religious and political values.", "Henry Gardner __knowledge__ Henry Joseph Gardner (June 14, 1819 – July 21, 1892) was the 23rd Governor of Massachusetts, serving from 1855 to 1858.", "Henry Gardner __knowledge__ Gardner, a Know Nothing, was elected governor as part of the sweeping victory of Know Nothing candidates in the Massachusetts elections of 1854.", "Henry Gardner __knowledge__ Born in Dorchester, Gardner was a dry goods merchant from Boston active in the local Whig Party in the early 1850s.", "Henry Gardner __knowledge__ With the sudden and secretive rise of the nativist Know Nothings in 1854, Gardner opportunistically repudiated previously-held positions, and joined the movement, winning a landslide victory over Whig Emory Washburn.", "Henry Gardner __knowledge__ During his three terms in office the Know Nothing legislatures enacted legislation on a wide-ranging reform agenda, and made several significant changes to the state constitution, including important electoral reforms such as the replacement of majority voting with plurality voting.", "Reflective surfaces (climate engineering) __knowledge__ \"Reflective surfaces\" are surfaces that can deliver high solar reflectance (the ability to reflect the visible, infrared and ultraviolet wavelengths of the sun, reducing heat transfer to the surface) and high thermal emittance (the ability to radiate absorbed, or non-reflected solar energy).", "Reflective surfaces (climate engineering) __knowledge__ Reflective surfaces are a form of geoengineering.", "Reflective surfaces (climate engineering) __knowledge__ The most well-known type of reflective surface is the \"cool roof\".", "Reflective surfaces (climate engineering) __knowledge__ While cool roofs are mostly associated with white roofs, they come in a variety of colors and materials and are available for both commercial and residential buildings.", "Reflective surfaces (climate engineering) __knowledge__ Today's \"cool roof\" pigments allow metal roofing products to be EnergyStar rated in dark colors, even black.", "Flat roof __knowledge__ A flat roof is a roof which is almost level in contrast to the many types of sloped roofs.", "Flat roof __knowledge__ The slope of a roof is properly known as its pitch and flat roofs have up to approximately 10°.", "Flat roof __knowledge__ Flat roofs are an ancient form mostly used in arid climates and allow the roof space to be used as a living space or a living roof.", "Flat roof __knowledge__ Flat roofs, or \"low-slope\" roofs, are also commonly found on commercial buildings throughout the world.", "Flat roof __knowledge__ The National Roofing Contractors Association defines a low-slope roof as having a slope of 3-in-12 or less.", "Flat roof __knowledge__ Flat roofs exist all over the world and each area has its own tradition or preference for materials used.", "Nathaniel P. Banks __knowledge__ Nathaniel Prentice (or Prentiss) Banks (January 30, 1816 – September 1, 1894) was an American politician from Massachusetts and a Union general during the Civil War.", "Nathaniel P. Banks __knowledge__ A millworker by background, Banks was prominent in local debating societies, and his oratorical skills were noted by the Democratic Party.", "Nathaniel P. Banks __knowledge__ But his abolitionist views fitted him better for the nascent Republican Party, through which he became Speaker of the United States House of Representatives and Governor of Massachusetts in the 1850s.", "Nathaniel P. Banks __knowledge__ Always a political chameleon (for which he was criticized by contemporaries), Banks was the first professional politician (with no outside business or other interests) to serve as Massachusetts Governor.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Roof __knowledge__ A roof is part of a building envelope.", "Roof __knowledge__ It is the covering on the uppermost part of a building or shelter which provides protection from animals and weather, notably rain or snow, but also heat, wind and sunlight.", "Roof __knowledge__ The word also denotes the framing or structure which supports that covering.", "Roof __knowledge__ The characteristics of a roof are dependent upon the purpose of the building that it covers, the available roofing materials and the local traditions of construction and wider concepts of architectural design and practice and may also be governed by local or national legislation.", "Roof __knowledge__ In most countries a roof protects primarily against rain.", "Mansion House - Hurstpierpoint __knowledge__ Mansion House, Hurstpierpoint is a prominent and historically significant Grade II* listed Georgian village property in Hurstpierpoint, South East England.", "Mansion House - Hurstpierpoint __knowledge__ The substantial family home is situated in the heart of Hurstpierpoint with the High Street at the front and South Downs to the rear.", "Mansion House - Hurstpierpoint __knowledge__ The brick faced timber framed building has surviving medieval sections dating back to the mid to late 16th century.", "Mansion House - Hurstpierpoint __knowledge__ The earlier origins of the property remain unknown but reportedly date back to 1350.", "Mansion House - Hurstpierpoint __knowledge__ Maggie Henderson, an historic buildings archaeologist, was commissioned to carry out a historic building survey of the grade II* Listed Mansion House, High Street, Hurstpierpoint, West Sussex.", "Ancient Greek temple __knowledge__ Greek temples (Ancient Greek: , ' \"dwelling\", semantically distinct from Latin ' (\"temple\") were structures built to house deity statues within Greek sanctuaries in ancient Greek religion.", "Ancient Greek temple __knowledge__ The temple interiors did not serve as meeting places, since the sacrifices and rituals dedicated to the respective deity took place outside them.", "Ancient Greek temple __knowledge__ Temples were frequently used to store votive offerings.", "Ancient Greek temple __knowledge__ They are the most important and most widespread building type in Greek architecture.", "Ancient Greek temple __knowledge__ In the Hellenistic kingdoms of Southwest Asia and of North Africa, buildings erected to fulfill the functions of a temple often continued to follow the local traditions.", "Bjarte Breiteig __knowledge__ Bjarte Breiteig (born March 17, 1974) is a Norwegian short story writer.", "Bjarte Breiteig __knowledge__ Bjarte Breiteig was born in Kristiansand, 1974.", "Bjarte Breiteig __knowledge__ He studied physics at NTNU in Trondheim, but dropped out after two years to study literature at the same place.", "Bjarte Breiteig __knowledge__ He has studied at the \"Skrivekunstakademiet\" and the University of Bergen.", "Bjarte Breiteig __knowledge__ He now resides in Oslo.", "Bjarte Breiteig __knowledge__ Published in 1998, Bjarte Breiteig's first short story collection, \"Fantomsmerter\", received glowing reviews and \"Aschehougs debutantpris\".", "Bjarte Breiteig __knowledge__ His next collection of short stories, \"Surrogater\" was published in 2000.", "Bjarte Breiteig __knowledge__ In 2003, Bjarte Breiteig was one of five young authors whose work was included in a collection of short stories published under the title of \"Borders\" by the European literary project \"Scritture Giovani\".", "Don't Fear the Roofer __knowledge__ \"Don't Fear the Roofer\" is the sixteenth episode of the sixteenth season of \"The Simpsons\".", "Don't Fear the Roofer __knowledge__ It first aired on the Fox network in the United States on May 1, 2005, and guest-stars comedian Ray Romano.", "Don't Fear the Roofer __knowledge__ The episode is a parody of the 2001 film \"A Beautiful Mind\".", "Don't Fear the Roofer __knowledge__ The episode received negative reviews from critics, but praise for Romano's performance.", "Don't Fear the Roofer __knowledge__ A major thunderstorm hits Springfield, and Marge demands that Homer fix their leaking roof.", "Don't Fear the Roofer __knowledge__ Homer attempts to solve the problem by using Hot Wheels ramps to transport all the draining water from the roof to the front yard through the hallway, the stairway and the mail slot on the front door." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Roofer __knowledge__ A roofer or roof mechanic is a construction worker who specializes in roof construction.", "Roofer __knowledge__ Roofers concentrate on the application of materials that waterproof and/or weatherproof buildings, designed material—as a substrate for the roofing materials to be installed on, the rafters, beams, and trusses are the frame or skeleton for the roof to be built upon.", "Roofer __knowledge__ Roofers must be able to work, have good motor skills and possess general carpentry skills.", "Roofer __knowledge__ In Australia this type of carpenter is called a \"roof carpenter\" and the term \"roofer\" refers to someone who installs the roof \"cladding\" (tiles, tin, etc.).", "Roofer __knowledge__ In the United States and Canada, they're often referred to as roofing contractors.", "Roofer __knowledge__ The most common roofing material in the United States is asphalt shingles.", "Roofer __knowledge__ In the past, 3-tab shingles were used; nowadays, \"architectural\" or \"dimensional\" shingles are becoming very popular.", "Roofer __knowledge__ Depending on the region, other commonly applied roofing materials installed by roofers include concrete tiles, clay tiles, natural or synthetic slate, single-ply (Primarily EPDM or Rubber, PVC, or TPO), rubber shingles (made from recycled tires), glass, metal panels or shingles, wood shakes or shingles, liquid-applied, hot asphalt/rubber, foam, thatch, solar tiles, and specialty roofs like Duro-Last.", "Copper in architecture __knowledge__ Copper has earned a respected place in the related fields of architecture, building construction, and interior design.", "Copper in architecture __knowledge__ From cathedrals to castles and from homes to offices, copper is used for a variety of architectural elements, including roofs, flashings, gutters, downspouts, domes, spires, vaults, wall cladding, and building expansion joints.", "Copper in architecture __knowledge__ The history of copper in architecture can be linked to its durability, corrosion resistance, prestigious appearance, and ability to form complex shapes.", "Copper in architecture __knowledge__ For centuries, craftsmen and designers utilized these attributes to build aesthetically pleasing and long-lasting building systems.", "Flat roof __knowledge__ A flat roof is a roof which is almost level in contrast to the many types of sloped roofs.", "Flat roof __knowledge__ The slope of a roof is properly known as its pitch and flat roofs have up to approximately 10°.", "Flat roof __knowledge__ Flat roofs are an ancient form mostly used in arid climates and allow the roof space to be used as a living space or a living roof.", "Flat roof __knowledge__ Flat roofs, or \"low-slope\" roofs, are also commonly found on commercial buildings throughout the world.", "Flat roof __knowledge__ The National Roofing Contractors Association defines a low-slope roof as having a slope of 3-in-12 or less.", "Flat roof __knowledge__ Flat roofs exist all over the world and each area has its own tradition or preference for materials used.", "Reflective surfaces (climate engineering) __knowledge__ \"Reflective surfaces\" are surfaces that can deliver high solar reflectance (the ability to reflect the visible, infrared and ultraviolet wavelengths of the sun, reducing heat transfer to the surface) and high thermal emittance (the ability to radiate absorbed, or non-reflected solar energy).", "Reflective surfaces (climate engineering) __knowledge__ Reflective surfaces are a form of geoengineering.", "Reflective surfaces (climate engineering) __knowledge__ The most well-known type of reflective surface is the \"cool roof\".", "Reflective surfaces (climate engineering) __knowledge__ While cool roofs are mostly associated with white roofs, they come in a variety of colors and materials and are available for both commercial and residential buildings.", "Reflective surfaces (climate engineering) __knowledge__ Today's \"cool roof\" pigments allow metal roofing products to be EnergyStar rated in dark colors, even black.", "Roof __knowledge__ A roof is part of a building envelope.", "Roof __knowledge__ It is the covering on the uppermost part of a building or shelter which provides protection from animals and weather, notably rain or snow, but also heat, wind and sunlight.", "Roof __knowledge__ The word also denotes the framing or structure which supports that covering.", "Roof __knowledge__ The characteristics of a roof are dependent upon the purpose of the building that it covers, the available roofing materials and the local traditions of construction and wider concepts of architectural design and practice and may also be governed by local or national legislation.", "Roof __knowledge__ In most countries a roof protects primarily against rain.", "Architectural metals __knowledge__ Metals used for architectural purposes include lead, for water pipes, roofing, and windows; tin, formed into tinplate; zinc, copper and aluminium, in a range of applications including roofing and decoration; and iron, which has structural and other uses in the form of cast iron or wrought iron, or made into steel.", "Architectural metals __knowledge__ Metal alloys used in building include bronze (mainly copper and tin); brass (copper and zinc); monel metal and nickel silver, mainly consisting of nickel and copper; and stainless steel, with important components of nickel and chromium.", "Architectural metals __knowledge__ The low melting point of lead permitted its use on a wide scale throughout human history.", "Ohh Nooo! Mr. Bill Presents __knowledge__ Ohh Nooo!", "Ohh Nooo! Mr. Bill Presents __knowledge__ Mr. Bill Presents is an American variety / sketch comedy television series created by Walter Williams, and stars Mr. Bill, Williams' character who was made popular on Saturday Night Live from 1976-1980.", "Ohh Nooo! Mr. Bill Presents __knowledge__ The series premiered on the Fox Family Channel on August 18, 1998, and lasted 42 hour-long episodes, concluding in 1999.", "Ohh Nooo! Mr. Bill Presents __knowledge__ \"Ohh Nooo!", "Ohh Nooo! Mr. Bill Presents __knowledge__ Mr. Bill Presents\" features, in addition to sketches starring Mr. Bill, sketches from various British comedies including: Mr. Bean, Hale and Pace, Russ Abbot, Freddie Starr, and The Baldy Man.", "Ohh Nooo! Mr. Bill Presents __knowledge__ Also featured were the classic Mr. Bill shorts from Saturday Night Live.", "Maria Bramsen __knowledge__ Maria Bramsen (born 1963) is a Danish singer, graphic designer and illustrator.", "Maria Bramsen __knowledge__ She is probably most widely known for her career as a vocalist for pop bands Tøsedrengene and Ray Dee Ohh.", "Maria Bramsen __knowledge__ Bramsen joined Tøsedrengene in 1981, barely at the age of 18, replacing vocalist Gitte Naur.", "Maria Bramsen __knowledge__ After Tøsedrengene's dissolution in 1986, she continued her career in the short-lived The Lejrbåls, before becoming vocalist in Ray Dee Ohh along with Caroline Henderson.", "Maria Bramsen __knowledge__ Since then, she has recorded several children's songs.", "Maria Bramsen __knowledge__ In 2000, she finished her education from the Danish Design School, and has provided graphic design for Audi and Nike.", "Grace Digital __knowledge__ Grace Digital Inc is a consumer electronics company based in San Diego, CA.", "Grace Digital __knowledge__ Grace Digital, Inc. was founded in 2007, by James D. Palmer and Greg Fadul.", "Grace Digital __knowledge__ Grace Digital is the manufacturer of CES Innovations Award winning audio solutions, with a California-based product design facility and research and development locations in Cambridge, England, Taipei, Taiwan, and Seoul, Korea, the company’s main products are internet based radio receivers, audio archiving equipment, wireless speaker systems, and waterproof personal audio devices & gadgets.", "Grace Digital __knowledge__ Grace Digital launched its wireless home audio devices featuring WiFi enabled Internet radio streamers under the brand name \"Grace Digital Audio\".", "Waterproofing __knowledge__ Waterproofing is the process of making an object or structure waterproof or water-resistant so that it remains relatively unaffected by water or resisting the ingress of water under specified conditions.", "Waterproofing __knowledge__ Such items may be used in wet environments or under water to specified depths.", "Waterproofing __knowledge__ \"Water resistant\" and \"waterproof\" often refer to penetration of water in its liquid state and possibly under pressure, whereas \"damp proof\" refers to resistance to humidity or dampness.", "Waterproofing __knowledge__ Permeation of water vapor through a material or structure is reported as a moisture vapor transmission rate.", "Waterproofing __knowledge__ The hulls of boats and ships were once waterproofed by applying tar or pitch.", "Traxxas __knowledge__ Traxxas is a radio control model manufacturer based in McKinney, Texas, United States.", "Traxxas __knowledge__ Traxxas offers electric and nitro powered vehicles (on-road and off-road), boats, and aircraft for drivers of all skill levels.", "Traxxas __knowledge__ Traxxas' slogan is \"The Fastest Name In Radio Control\".", "Traxxas __knowledge__ Traxxas was founded in 1986, with the goal of offering fully assembled, hobby-level radio control cars that could be run right out of the box with little or no assembly, an idea that was new at the time.", "Traxxas __knowledge__ Traxxas began offering models as \"Ready-to-Run\" or \"RTR\", but now refers to these models as \"Ready-To-Race\".", "Traxxas __knowledge__ Starting in 1987, Traxxas began selling a series of electric powered stadium truck and buggy models.", "Bituminous waterproofing __knowledge__ Bituminous waterproofing systems are designed to protect residential and commercial buildings.", "Bituminous waterproofing __knowledge__ Bitumen (asphalt or coal-tar pitch) is a mixed substance made up of organic liquids that are highly sticky, viscous, and waterproof.", "Bituminous waterproofing __knowledge__ These systems are sometimes used to construct roofs, in the form of roofing felt or roll roofing products.", "Bituminous waterproofing __knowledge__ Roofing felt (similar to tar paper) is the base material used to make roof shingles and roll roofing.", "Bituminous waterproofing __knowledge__ Used for decades as waterproof coverings in residential and commercial roofs, these bitumen compositional membranes incorporate two layers.", "Bituminous waterproofing __knowledge__ The first underside polymer membrane is used as a solid background, often reinforced with glass fibers." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3 ]

[ "I am a roofer and specialize in roof construction and repair", "Mainly a roofer concentrates on applying waterproof and weatherproof materials to the roof", "depends on house size but to roof you have to have basic carpentry skills and decent motor skillls" ]

[ "Roofer", "Roofer", "Roofer" ]

[ "Visual impairment\nHello! ", "I am great! I am looking for information / tips. My son was born blind.. do you have any advice for me how to help him?", "Oh no, I am sorry that is happening... How did you get by? Any tips, tricks or techniques? ", "Oh wow, that's really interesting. i think I will. I never expected this to happen! There is no serious visual impairment in my family, so this came as surprise! ", "Man! That is also really cool. I will consider that technique for my son as well! I hope things work out for you! Thank you so much for your help! " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment, also known as vision impairment or vision loss, is a decreased ability to see to a degree that causes problems not fixable by usual means, such as glasses.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Some also include those who have a decreased ability to see because they do not have access to glasses or contact lenses.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment is often defined as a best corrected visual acuity of worse than either 20/40 or 20/60.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ The term blindness is used for complete or nearly complete vision loss.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment may cause people difficulties with normal daily activities such as driving, reading, socializing, and walking.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ The most common causes of visual impairment globally are uncorrected refractive errors (43%), cataracts (33%), and glaucoma (2%).", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Refractive errors include near sighted, far sighted, presbyopia, and astigmatism.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Cataracts are the most common cause of blindness.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Other disorders that may cause visual problems include age related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, corneal clouding, childhood blindness, and a number of infections.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment can also be caused by problems in the brain due to stroke, premature birth, or trauma among others.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ These cases are known as cortical visual impairment.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ Shortly after her creation in 1974, the Hello Kitty vinyl coin purse was introduced by Sanrio in March 1975.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ The character was then brought to the United States in 1976.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ The character is a staple of the \"kawaii\" segment of Japanese popular culture.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ By 2010, Sanrio had groomed Hello Kitty into a global marketing phenomenon worth $5 billion a year.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ By 2014, when Hello Kitty was 40 years old, she was worth about $7 billion a year, all without advertising except on Sanrio's, related show producers', and ticket sales' webpages and at show venues and nearby locations.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ Originally aimed at preadolescent females, Hello Kitty's market has broadened to include adult consumers, being found on a variety of products ranging from school supplies to fashion accessories.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ No Man's Sky is an action-adventure survival video game developed and published by the indie studio Hello Games for PlayStation 4 and Microsoft Windows.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ It was released worldwide in August 2016.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ The game is built around four pillars: exploration, survival, combat, and trading.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ Players are free to perform within the entirety of a procedurally generated deterministic open universe, which includes over 18 quintillion planets.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ Through the game's procedural generation system, planets have their own ecosystems with unique forms of flora and fauna, and various sentient alien species may engage the player in combat or trade within planetary systems.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ In 1997, Japanese rock group Sharam Q, fronted by Tsunku, began auditions for a female vocalist.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ These auditions aired via the reality show Asayan, and resulted in Michiyo Heike being crowned winner.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ Tsunku, however, decided to give five of the runners-up, Yuko Nakazawa, Natsumi Abe, Kaori Iida, Asuka Fukuda and Aya Ishiguro, a chance to become a group in their own right.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ The girls were set the task of selling 50,000 copies of their demo single \"Ai no Tane,\" in just five days.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ The girls sold the required number of copies in four days, and subsequently became an official group.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ Morning Musume's debut single, \"Morning Coffee,\" was released on January 28, 1998 on the One Up Music label and charted at #6 on the Oricon weekly chart.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ \"Hello, Goodbye\" is a song by the English rock band the Beatles, written by Paul McCartney and credited to Lennon–McCartney.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ Backed by John Lennon's \"I Am the Walrus\", it was issued as a non-album single in November 1967, the group's first release since the death of their manager, Brian Epstein.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ The single was commercially successful around the world, topping charts in the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and several other countries.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ McCartney later said that the lyrics take duality as their theme.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ The song originated when, in response to a question from Beatles aide Alistair Taylor about songwriting, McCartney sat down at a harmonium and asked Taylor to say the opposite of whatever he said.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ , formerly simply and colloquially referred to as , is a Japanese female idol group, holding the second highest overall single sales (of a female group) on the Oricon charts as of February 2012, with the Oricon record of most top ten singles with an amount of 50, and they have sold over 21 million copies in Japan alone.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ Morning Musume was formed in 1997 by rock singer-songwriter turned record producer Tsunku, who later composed the vast majority of the group's songs over the decade.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ They are the lead group of Hello!", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ Project that specialises in upbeat, pop-oriented music coupled with dance performance.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ \"Hello\" is a song by English singer Adele, released on 23 October 2015 by XL Recordings as the lead single from her third studio album, \"25\" (2015).", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ Adele co-wrote the song with her producer, Greg Kurstin.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ \"Hello\" is a piano ballad with soul influences, and lyrics that discuss themes of nostalgia and regret.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ Upon release, the song was acclaimed by music critics, who compared it favourably to Adele's previous work and praised the song's lyrics and Adele's vocals while many critics and publications ranked it as one of the best songs of the year.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ It was recorded in London.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ \"Hello\" reached number one in almost every country it charted in, including the United Kingdom, where it became her second UK number-one single, following \"Someone like You\", and has the largest opening week sales in three years.", "Comparison of programming languages (string functions) __knowledge__ String functions are used in computer programming languages to manipulate a string or query information about a string (some do both).", "Comparison of programming languages (string functions) __knowledge__ Most programming languages that have a string datatype will have some string functions although there may be other low-level ways within each language to handle strings directly.", "Comparison of programming languages (string functions) __knowledge__ In object-oriented languages, string functions are often implemented as properties and methods of string objects.", "Comparison of programming languages (string functions) __knowledge__ In functional and list-based languages a string is represented as a list (of character codes), therefore all list-manipulation procedures could be considered string functions.", "Angerme __knowledge__ , formerly , is a Japanese idol girl group from Hello!", "Angerme __knowledge__ Project, which originally consisted of four former Hello!", "Angerme __knowledge__ Pro Egg (Hello!", "Angerme __knowledge__ Project trainees) members that left Egg in 2010 and became full-time members of Hello!", "Angerme __knowledge__ Project.", "Angerme __knowledge__ In 2010, they won the Japan Record Award for Best New Artist.", "Angerme __knowledge__ In 2011, five new girls were added to the group as part of the second generation, with two being former Egg members and three new girls.", "Angerme __knowledge__ With 3 members graduating, S/mileage continued the rest of their career as a 6-member group.", "Angerme __knowledge__ Since the formation of ANGERME, there has been 3 more generations, and 3 more graduations.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Sanrio, a Japanese company specialized in creating cute characters.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ Beginning in 1963, Sanrio sells and licenses products branded with these characters and has created over 400 characters, with the most successful and best known being Hello Kitty.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ The characters listed here are shown with the year in which they first appeared.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ is the best-known of Sanrio's fictional characters, created in 1974.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ Hello Kitty is drawn simply with a trademark red bow.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ Registered in 1975, Hello Kitty is now a globally known trademark.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ Hello Kitty has been marketed in the United States from the beginning and has held the position of U.S. children's ambassador for UNICEF since 1983.", "Hello Stranger __knowledge__ \"Hello Stranger\" is a 1963 hit single by Barbara Lewis, which spent two weeks at number one on the R&B singles chart in \"Billboard\", crossing over to #3 Pop.", "Hello Stranger __knowledge__ \"Hello Stranger\" was written by Barbara Lewis herself, who was originally inspired to write a song with that title while working gigs in Detroit with her musician father: “I would make the circuit with my dad and people would yell out: ‘Hey stranger, hello stranger, it’s been a long time’\".", "Hello Stranger __knowledge__ The song is notable because its title comprises the first two words of the lyrics but is never at any point repeated throughout the rest of the song.", "Hello Stranger __knowledge__ Lewis recorded \"Hello Stranger\" at Chess Studios in Chicago in January 1963." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment, also known as vision impairment or vision loss, is a decreased ability to see to a degree that causes problems not fixable by usual means, such as glasses.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Some also include those who have a decreased ability to see because they do not have access to glasses or contact lenses.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment is often defined as a best corrected visual acuity of worse than either 20/40 or 20/60.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ The term blindness is used for complete or nearly complete vision loss.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment may cause people difficulties with normal daily activities such as driving, reading, socializing, and walking.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ The most common causes of visual impairment globally are uncorrected refractive errors (43%), cataracts (33%), and glaucoma (2%).", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Refractive errors include near sighted, far sighted, presbyopia, and astigmatism.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Cataracts are the most common cause of blindness.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Other disorders that may cause visual problems include age related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, corneal clouding, childhood blindness, and a number of infections.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment can also be caused by problems in the brain due to stroke, premature birth, or trauma among others.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ These cases are known as cortical visual impairment.", "Human echolocation __knowledge__ Human echolocation is the ability of humans to detect objects in their environment by sensing echoes from those objects, by actively creating sounds – for example, by tapping their canes, lightly stomping their foot, snapping their fingers, or making clicking noises with their mouths – people trained to orient by echolocation can interpret the sound waves reflected by nearby objects, accurately identifying their location and size.", "Human echolocation __knowledge__ The term \"echolocation\" was coined by zoologist Donald Griffin in 1944; however, reports of blind humans being able to locate silent objects date back to 1749.", "Human echolocation __knowledge__ Human echolocation has been known and formally studied since at least the 1950s.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Warriors (novel series) __knowledge__ Warriors is a series of novels published by HarperCollins; it is written by authors Kate Cary, Cherith Baldry, Tui Sutherland, with the plot developed by editor Victoria Holmes, who collectively use the pseudonym Erin Hunter.", "Warriors (novel series) __knowledge__ The series follows the adventures of four Clans of wild cats—ThunderClan, ShadowClan, WindClan, and RiverClan —in their forest and lake homes, who look up to StarClan, their warriors ancestors, and spirits in the stars, who guide the four clans.", "Warriors (novel series) __knowledge__ SkyClan, the long-forgotten fifth Clan of the forest, is later introduced in the stand-alone novel \"Firestar's Quest\".", "Warriors (novel series) __knowledge__ It receives additional focus in the novel \"SkyClan's Destiny\", the manga trilogy \"SkyClan and the Stranger\", and the 2013 novella \"Cloudstar's Journey\".", "Born Blind __knowledge__ The Christian punk rock four-piece Born Blind was originally from San Diego, California, playing shows in the western part of the United States.", "Born Blind __knowledge__ All four members of the group- Judd Morgan, Chris Beckett, Kurt Love, and Nate Jarrell- were former members of No Innocent Victim before forming Born Blind.", "Born Blind __knowledge__ They released their debut album, Pressing On, on Facedown Records in late 1998.", "Born Blind __knowledge__ Their old-school hardcore sound continued on their last album One For All in mid-2000 on Tooth & Nail Records.", "Born Blind __knowledge__ Born Blind, toured across the United States, headlining festivals such as Cornerstone Festival and Solid State Festival; before calling it quits in January 2001.", "Darwin from Insectivorous Plants to Worms __knowledge__ Between 1873 and 1882, the life and work of Charles Darwin from \"Insectivorous Plants\" to \"Worms\" continued with investigations into carnivorous and climbing plants that had begun with his previous work.", "Darwin from Insectivorous Plants to Worms __knowledge__ Worries about family illnesses contributed to his interest in Galton's ideas of \"hereditary improvement\" (which would later be called Eugenics).", "Darwin from Insectivorous Plants to Worms __knowledge__ He continued to help with the work of Downe parish church and associated village amenities, despite problems with control being seized by a new High Church vicar, and he remained on good terms with the Church's patron, the Revd.", "Darwin from Insectivorous Plants to Worms __knowledge__ John Brodie Innes.", "Darwin from Insectivorous Plants to Worms __knowledge__ There was continuing interest in Charles Darwin's views on religion, but he remained reticent.", "List of Merlin characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters in the BBC fantasy drama television series \"Merlin\", including supporting characters.", "List of Merlin characters __knowledge__ \"Note: All characters are listed in alphabetical order by their first name.\"", "List of Merlin characters __knowledge__ Aglain (portrayed by Colin Salmon) was a Druid man who lived in the Forest of Acestir.", "List of Merlin characters __knowledge__ In the second-season episode, \"The Nightmare Begins\", he, with the assistance of Mordred, rescued Morgana from a group of serkets, and later healed the injury she sustained from one of the creatures.", "List of Merlin characters __knowledge__ While she resided with him and his fellow Druids, Aglain encouraged Morgana not to fear herself and her emerging abilities, telling her that magic was not evil and not something Uther should hate.", "12th Archeological Congress __knowledge__ The XIIth Archeological Congress Kharkiv, 1902 In the 1867 a tradition of holding Archeological Conferences known as Congresses was established in the Russian Empire.", "12th Archeological Congress __knowledge__ The aim of these conferences was to discuss and to make public studies dealing with matters of antiquity and ethnography.", "12th Archeological Congress __knowledge__ The Conferences were hosted by a different city of the Russian Empire every three years.", "12th Archeological Congress __knowledge__ The Third Archeological Congress was held in Kiev in 1873 and featured the renowned kobzar - Ostap Veresai.", "12th Archeological Congress __knowledge__ In 1902 the XIIth Archeological Congress was held in Kharkiv.", "12th Archeological Congress __knowledge__ By that time Ostap Veresai had died and ethnographers had come to the mistaken conclusion that he was the last kobzar.", "Blind musicians __knowledge__ Blind musicians are singers or instrumentalists, or in some cases singer-accompanists, who are legally blind.", "Blind musicians __knowledge__ Historically, many blind musicians, including some of the most famous, have performed without the benefit of formal instruction, since such instruction relies extensively on written musical notation.", "Blind musicians __knowledge__ However, today there are many resources available for blind musicians who wish to learn Western music theory and classical notation.", "Blind musicians __knowledge__ Louis Braille, the man who created the braille alphabet for the blind, also created a system of classical notation for the blind called Braille music.", "Blind musicians __knowledge__ This system allows the blind to read and write music just as the sighted do.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ Shortly after her creation in 1974, the Hello Kitty vinyl coin purse was introduced by Sanrio in March 1975.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ The character was then brought to the United States in 1976.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ The character is a staple of the \"kawaii\" segment of Japanese popular culture.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ By 2010, Sanrio had groomed Hello Kitty into a global marketing phenomenon worth $5 billion a year.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ By 2014, when Hello Kitty was 40 years old, she was worth about $7 billion a year, all without advertising except on Sanrio's, related show producers', and ticket sales' webpages and at show venues and nearby locations.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ Originally aimed at preadolescent females, Hello Kitty's market has broadened to include adult consumers, being found on a variety of products ranging from school supplies to fashion accessories.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ No Man's Sky is an action-adventure survival video game developed and published by the indie studio Hello Games for PlayStation 4 and Microsoft Windows.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ It was released worldwide in August 2016.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ The game is built around four pillars: exploration, survival, combat, and trading.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ Players are free to perform within the entirety of a procedurally generated deterministic open universe, which includes over 18 quintillion planets.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ Through the game's procedural generation system, planets have their own ecosystems with unique forms of flora and fauna, and various sentient alien species may engage the player in combat or trade within planetary systems.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ In 1997, Japanese rock group Sharam Q, fronted by Tsunku, began auditions for a female vocalist.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ These auditions aired via the reality show Asayan, and resulted in Michiyo Heike being crowned winner.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ Tsunku, however, decided to give five of the runners-up, Yuko Nakazawa, Natsumi Abe, Kaori Iida, Asuka Fukuda and Aya Ishiguro, a chance to become a group in their own right.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ The girls were set the task of selling 50,000 copies of their demo single \"Ai no Tane,\" in just five days.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ The girls sold the required number of copies in four days, and subsequently became an official group.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ Morning Musume's debut single, \"Morning Coffee,\" was released on January 28, 1998 on the One Up Music label and charted at #6 on the Oricon weekly chart.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ \"Hello, Goodbye\" is a song by the English rock band the Beatles, written by Paul McCartney and credited to Lennon–McCartney.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ Backed by John Lennon's \"I Am the Walrus\", it was issued as a non-album single in November 1967, the group's first release since the death of their manager, Brian Epstein.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ The single was commercially successful around the world, topping charts in the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and several other countries.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ McCartney later said that the lyrics take duality as their theme.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ The song originated when, in response to a question from Beatles aide Alistair Taylor about songwriting, McCartney sat down at a harmonium and asked Taylor to say the opposite of whatever he said.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ , formerly simply and colloquially referred to as , is a Japanese female idol group, holding the second highest overall single sales (of a female group) on the Oricon charts as of February 2012, with the Oricon record of most top ten singles with an amount of 50, and they have sold over 21 million copies in Japan alone.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ Morning Musume was formed in 1997 by rock singer-songwriter turned record producer Tsunku, who later composed the vast majority of the group's songs over the decade.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ They are the lead group of Hello!", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ Project that specialises in upbeat, pop-oriented music coupled with dance performance.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ \"Hello\" is a song by English singer Adele, released on 23 October 2015 by XL Recordings as the lead single from her third studio album, \"25\" (2015).", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ Adele co-wrote the song with her producer, Greg Kurstin.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ \"Hello\" is a piano ballad with soul influences, and lyrics that discuss themes of nostalgia and regret.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ Upon release, the song was acclaimed by music critics, who compared it favourably to Adele's previous work and praised the song's lyrics and Adele's vocals while many critics and publications ranked it as one of the best songs of the year.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ It was recorded in London.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ \"Hello\" reached number one in almost every country it charted in, including the United Kingdom, where it became her second UK number-one single, following \"Someone like You\", and has the largest opening week sales in three years.", "Comparison of programming languages (string functions) __knowledge__ String functions are used in computer programming languages to manipulate a string or query information about a string (some do both).", "Comparison of programming languages (string functions) __knowledge__ Most programming languages that have a string datatype will have some string functions although there may be other low-level ways within each language to handle strings directly.", "Comparison of programming languages (string functions) __knowledge__ In object-oriented languages, string functions are often implemented as properties and methods of string objects.", "Comparison of programming languages (string functions) __knowledge__ In functional and list-based languages a string is represented as a list (of character codes), therefore all list-manipulation procedures could be considered string functions.", "Angerme __knowledge__ , formerly , is a Japanese idol girl group from Hello!", "Angerme __knowledge__ Project, which originally consisted of four former Hello!", "Angerme __knowledge__ Pro Egg (Hello!", "Angerme __knowledge__ Project trainees) members that left Egg in 2010 and became full-time members of Hello!", "Angerme __knowledge__ Project.", "Angerme __knowledge__ In 2010, they won the Japan Record Award for Best New Artist.", "Angerme __knowledge__ In 2011, five new girls were added to the group as part of the second generation, with two being former Egg members and three new girls.", "Angerme __knowledge__ With 3 members graduating, S/mileage continued the rest of their career as a 6-member group.", "Angerme __knowledge__ Since the formation of ANGERME, there has been 3 more generations, and 3 more graduations.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Sanrio, a Japanese company specialized in creating cute characters.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ Beginning in 1963, Sanrio sells and licenses products branded with these characters and has created over 400 characters, with the most successful and best known being Hello Kitty.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ The characters listed here are shown with the year in which they first appeared.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ is the best-known of Sanrio's fictional characters, created in 1974.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ Hello Kitty is drawn simply with a trademark red bow.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ Registered in 1975, Hello Kitty is now a globally known trademark.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ Hello Kitty has been marketed in the United States from the beginning and has held the position of U.S. children's ambassador for UNICEF since 1983.", "Hello Kitty (song) __knowledge__ \"Hello Kitty\" is a song by Canadian singer-songwriter Avril Lavigne, taken from her self-titled fifth studio album, \"Avril Lavigne\" (2013).", "Hello Kitty (song) __knowledge__ The song was released as a Japan-only fourth single.", "Hello Kitty (song) __knowledge__ It was written by Lavigne, Chad Kroeger, David Hodges and Martin Johnson.", "Hello Kitty (song) __knowledge__ Production was handled by Kroeger and Hodges, with additional production by Brandon Paddock and Kyle Moorman.", "Hello Kitty (song) __knowledge__ Musically, \"Hello Kitty\" is a J-pop, dubstep, and EDM song, featuring an electro-influenced drop.", "Hello Kitty (song) __knowledge__ The song was influenced by her obsession with all things related to the Japanese brand Hello Kitty, and has some sexual content." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment, also known as vision impairment or vision loss, is a decreased ability to see to a degree that causes problems not fixable by usual means, such as glasses.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Some also include those who have a decreased ability to see because they do not have access to glasses or contact lenses.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment is often defined as a best corrected visual acuity of worse than either 20/40 or 20/60.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ The term blindness is used for complete or nearly complete vision loss.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment may cause people difficulties with normal daily activities such as driving, reading, socializing, and walking.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ The most common causes of visual impairment globally are uncorrected refractive errors (43%), cataracts (33%), and glaucoma (2%).", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Refractive errors include near sighted, far sighted, presbyopia, and astigmatism.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Cataracts are the most common cause of blindness.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Other disorders that may cause visual problems include age related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, corneal clouding, childhood blindness, and a number of infections.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment can also be caused by problems in the brain due to stroke, premature birth, or trauma among others.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ These cases are known as cortical visual impairment.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Bid Euchre __knowledge__ Bid Euchre, is the name given to a group of card games played in North America based on the game Euchre.", "Bid Euchre __knowledge__ It introduces an element of bidding in which the trump suit is decided by which player can bid to take the most tricks.", "Bid Euchre __knowledge__ The primary differences are the number of cards dealt, absence of any undealt cards, the bidding and scoring process, and the addition of a no trump declaration.", "Bid Euchre __knowledge__ It is typically a partnership game for four players, played with a 24, 32 or 36-card pack, or even two decks of 24 cards each.", "Bid Euchre __knowledge__ A pack of 24 cards containing 9, 10, J, Q, K, and A in each suit.", "Bid Euchre __knowledge__ The rank of the cards in the trump suit is: J (of trump suit, also known as the right bower; high), J (of the other suit of the same color as the trump suit, also known as the left bower), A, K, Q, 10, 9 (low).", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "Mediumship __knowledge__ Mediumship is the practice of certain people—known as mediums—to purportedly mediate communication between spirits of the dead and living human beings.", "Mediumship __knowledge__ There are different types of \"mediumship\" including spirit channeling, and ouija.", "Mediumship __knowledge__ Humans have been fascinated with contacting the dead since the beginning of human existence.", "Mediumship __knowledge__ Cave paintings by indigenous Australians date back 28,000 years, some depicting skulls, bones, spirits and the afterlife.", "Mediumship __knowledge__ Other cave paintings in Indonesia date back a further 10,000 years.", "Mediumship __knowledge__ Mediumship gained popularity during the nineteenth century, when ouija boards were used by the upper classes as a source of entertainment.", "Trick-taking game __knowledge__ A trick-taking game is a card game or tile-based game in which play of a \"hand\" centers on a series of finite rounds or units of play, called \"tricks\", which are each evaluated to determine a winner or \"taker\" of that trick.", "Trick-taking game __knowledge__ The object of such games then may be closely tied to the number of tricks taken, as in plain-trick games such as Whist, contract bridge, Spades, Napoleon, Euchre, Rowboat, Clubs and Spoil Five, or to the value of the cards contained in taken tricks, as in point-trick games such as Pinochle, the Tarot family, Mariage, Rook, All Fours, Manille, Briscola, and most \"evasion\" games like Hearts.", "Derren Brown __knowledge__ Derren Brown (born 27 February 1971) is an English mentalist and illusionist.", "Derren Brown __knowledge__ Since his television debut with \"Derren Brown: Mind Control\" in 2000, he has produced several other shows both for the stage, and for television in both series and specials.", "Derren Brown __knowledge__ He has also written books for magicians as well as the general public.", "Derren Brown __knowledge__ Brown does not claim to possess any supernatural powers and his acts are often designed to expose the methods of those who do, such as faith healers and mediums.", "Derren Brown __knowledge__ In his performances he often expresses that his effects are achieved through \"magic, suggestion, psychology, misdirection and showmanship\".", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ Jiya Jale was a popular Hindi TV serial that aired on 9X channel from 19 November 2007 to 19 June 2008, Monday to Thursday at 8:30 pm IND / 9.00pm UK, based on the concept of love story of Sunaina and Chandan.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The show was replaced by Dahhej, another popular show on 9X.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The show aired again on 9X in 2009 due to its popularity.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The show also aired on Zee Anmol and Zee Lamhee in 2015.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The story is based on the life of an ordinary girl Sunaina, who was brought up in a close and caring family.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The story takes off when Sunaina has just fallen in the love with the idea of love, when she meets Chandan.", "Tips & Tricks (magazine) __knowledge__ Tips & Tricks was a monthly video game magazine devoted to the subjects of video game cheat codes, strategy guides and lifestyle content.", "Tips & Tricks (magazine) __knowledge__ Unlike most video game magazines, it did not include critical reviews of video games and was not a primary source of video game industry news.", "Tips & Tricks (magazine) __knowledge__ Instead, it focused on gameplay instructions and hidden \"Easter eggs\" relating to games that its readers might have already purchased.", "Tips & Tricks (magazine) __knowledge__ Often referring to itself as \"The #1 Video-Game Tips Magazine,\" \"Tips & Tricks\" was known for its strategy guides or walkthroughs for contemporary console and portable games.", "Tips & Tricks (magazine) __knowledge__ Each issue also included an index of button codes and passwords, alphabetized by game title and sorted by console.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ Gag Concert () is a Korean sketch-comedy TV show on KBS 2TV network.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ It began airing in September 1999 and is the oldest of South Korea current comedy programs.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ The show is recorded on Wednesdays and airs on KBS 2TV on Sundays at 9:15 PM.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ The show airs with English subtitles after two weeks on KBS World TV on Saturdays at 6:00 PM.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ \"※ As of 7 January 2018\" \"(Korean: 아무말 대잔치, Starring: Jang Kiyeong, Park Yeongjin, Hong Hwon, Shin Jongryeong, Song Junseok)\" The contest that allows you to say anything.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ Contestants usually say the opposite of what one would expect them to say based on the context.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ \"(Korean: 명훈아 명훈아 명훈아, Starring: Jeong Myeonghun, Kim Minkyeong, Oh Nami, Lee Hyeonjeong)\" Three glamorous ladies try to entice Jeong Myeonghun with their charms.", "Paralympic Games __knowledge__ The Paralympic Games is a major international multi-sport event involving athletes with a range of disabilities, including impaired muscle power (e.g.", "Paralympic Games __knowledge__ paraplegia and quadriplegia, muscular dystrophy, post-polio syndrome, spina bifida), impaired passive range of movement, limb deficiency (e.g.", "Paralympic Games __knowledge__ amputation or dysmelia), leg length difference, short stature, hypertonia, ataxia, athetosis, vision impairment and intellectual impairment.", "Paralympic Games __knowledge__ There are Winter and Summer Paralympic Games, which since the 1988 Summer Games in Seoul, South Korea, are held almost immediately following the respective Olympic Games.", "Sunglasses __knowledge__ Sunglasses or sun glasses are a form of protective eyewear designed primarily to prevent bright sunlight and high-energy visible light from damaging or discomforting the eyes.", "Sunglasses __knowledge__ They can sometimes also function as a visual aid, as variously termed spectacles or glasses exist, featuring lenses that are colored, polarized or darkened.", "Sunglasses __knowledge__ In the early 20th century, they were also known as sun cheaters (cheaters being an American slang term for glasses).", "Sunglasses __knowledge__ The American Optometric Association recommends sunglasses whenever a person is in the sun to protect the eyes from ultraviolet radiation (UV) and blue light, which can cause several serious eye problems.", "Para-equestrian classification __knowledge__ Para-equestrian classification is a system for para-equestrian sport is a graded system based on the degree of physical or visual disability and handled at the international level by the FEI.", "Para-equestrian classification __knowledge__ The sport has eligible classifications for people with physical and vision disabilities.", "Para-equestrian classification __knowledge__ Groups of eligible riders include The sport is open to competitors with impaired muscle power, athetosis, impaired passive range of movement, hypertonia, limb deficiency, ataxia, leg length difference, short stature, and vision impairment.", "Para-equestrian classification __knowledge__ They are grouped into five different classes to allow fair competition.", "Para-equestrian classification __knowledge__ These classes are Grade Ia, Grade Ib, Grade II, Grade III, and Grade IV.", "Cortical blindness __knowledge__ Cortical blindness is the total or partial loss of vision in a normal-appearing eye caused by damage to the brain's occipital cortex.", "Cortical blindness __knowledge__ Cortical blindness can be acquired or congenital, and may also be transient in certain instances.", "Cortical blindness __knowledge__ Acquired cortical blindness is most often caused by loss of blood flow to the occipital cortex from either unilateral or bilateral posterior cerebral artery blockage (ischemic stroke) and by cardiac surgery.", "Cortical blindness __knowledge__ In most cases, the complete loss of vision is not permanent and the patient may recover some of their vision (Cortical visual impairment).", "Cortical blindness __knowledge__ Congenital cortical blindness is most often caused by perinatal ischemic stroke, encephalitis, and meningitis.", "Visual impairment due to intracranial pressure __knowledge__ Spaceflight induced visual impairment is hypothesized to be a result of increased intracranial pressure.", "Visual impairment due to intracranial pressure __knowledge__ The study of visual changes and intracranial pressure (ICP) in astronauts on long-duration flights is a relatively recent topic of interest to Space Medicine professionals.", "Visual impairment due to intracranial pressure __knowledge__ Although reported signs and symptoms have not appeared to be severe enough to cause blindness in the near term, long term consequences of chronically elevated intracranial pressure is unknown.", "Visual impairment due to intracranial pressure __knowledge__ NASA has reported that fifteen long-duration male astronauts (45–55 years of age) have experienced confirmed visual and anatomical changes during or after long-duration flights.", "Vision rehabilitation __knowledge__ Vision rehabilitation (often called vision rehab) is a term for a medical rehabilitation to improve vision or low vision.", "Vision rehabilitation __knowledge__ In other words, it is the process of restoring functional ability and improving quality of life and independence in an individual who has lost visual function through illness or injury.", "Vision rehabilitation __knowledge__ Most visual rehabilitation services are focused on low vision, which is a visual impairment that cannot be fully corrected by regular eyeglasses, contact lenses, medication, or surgery.", "Vision rehabilitation __knowledge__ Low vision interferes with the ability to perform everyday activities.", "Vision rehabilitation __knowledge__ Visual impairment is caused by factors including brain damage, vision loss, and others.", "Cortical visual impairment __knowledge__ Cortical visual impairment (CVI) is a form of visual impairment that is caused by a brain problem rather than an eye problem.", "Cortical visual impairment __knowledge__ (The latter is sometimes termed \"ocular visual impairment\" when discussed in contrast to cortical visual impairment.)", "Cortical visual impairment __knowledge__ Some people have both CVI and a form of ocular visual impairment.", "Cortical visual impairment __knowledge__ CVI is also sometimes known as cortical blindness, although most people with CVI are not totally blind.", "Cortical visual impairment __knowledge__ The term neurological visual impairment (NVI) covers both CVI and total cortical blindness.", "Cortical visual impairment __knowledge__ Delayed visual maturation, another form of NVI, is similar to CVI, except the child's visual difficulties resolve in a few months.", "B3 (classification) __knowledge__ B3 is a medical based Paralympic classification for blind sport.", "B3 (classification) __knowledge__ Competitors in this classification have partial sight, with visual acuity from 2/60 to 6/60.", "B3 (classification) __knowledge__ It is used by a number of blind sports including para-alpine skiing, para-Nordic skiing, blind cricket, blind golf, five-a-side football, goalball and judo.", "B3 (classification) __knowledge__ Some other sports, including adaptive rowing, athletics and swimming, have equivalents to this class.", "B3 (classification) __knowledge__ The B3 classification was first created by the IBSA in the 1970s, and has largely remained unchanged since despite an effort by the International Paralympic Committee (IPC) to move towards a more functional and evidence-based classification system.", "Natalie Carter Barraga __knowledge__ Natalie Carter Barraga (1915 - 2014) was an American educator and researcher who studied visual impairment, recognized for contributions to the education of children with low vision.", "Natalie Carter Barraga __knowledge__ Barraga was born on October 10, 1915, in Troy, Texas.", "Natalie Carter Barraga __knowledge__ In college she initially studied home economics and child development, receiving her bachelor's in 1938 from the North Texas State Teacher's College, University of North Texas.", "Natalie Carter Barraga __knowledge__ She then earned a Master's in education from University of Texas in Austin, followed by an EdD from George Peabody College for Teachers in special education for the visually impaired.", "Natalie Carter Barraga __knowledge__ Initially teaching at public schools, she taught for two years at the New York Institute for the Blind, before eventually becoming a teacher at the Texas School for the Blind after her daughter, Karen, who was visually impaired, enrolled there." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment, also known as vision impairment or vision loss, is a decreased ability to see to a degree that causes problems not fixable by usual means, such as glasses.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Some also include those who have a decreased ability to see because they do not have access to glasses or contact lenses.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment is often defined as a best corrected visual acuity of worse than either 20/40 or 20/60.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ The term blindness is used for complete or nearly complete vision loss.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment may cause people difficulties with normal daily activities such as driving, reading, socializing, and walking.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ The most common causes of visual impairment globally are uncorrected refractive errors (43%), cataracts (33%), and glaucoma (2%).", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Refractive errors include near sighted, far sighted, presbyopia, and astigmatism.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Cataracts are the most common cause of blindness.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Other disorders that may cause visual problems include age related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, corneal clouding, childhood blindness, and a number of infections.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment can also be caused by problems in the brain due to stroke, premature birth, or trauma among others.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ These cases are known as cortical visual impairment.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Steven Paul Jobs (; February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011) was an American entrepreneur, business magnate, inventor, and industrial designer.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was the chairman, chief executive officer (CEO), and co-founder of Apple Inc.; CEO and majority shareholder of Pixar; a member of The Walt Disney Company's board of directors following its acquisition of Pixar; and the founder, chairman, and CEO of NeXT.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Jobs and Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak are widely recognized as pioneers of the microcomputer revolution of the 1970s and 1980s.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was born in San Francisco to parents who had to put him up for adoption at birth; he was raised in the San Francisco Bay Area during the 1960s.", "Paralympic Games __knowledge__ The Paralympic Games is a major international multi-sport event involving athletes with a range of disabilities, including impaired muscle power (e.g.", "Paralympic Games __knowledge__ paraplegia and quadriplegia, muscular dystrophy, post-polio syndrome, spina bifida), impaired passive range of movement, limb deficiency (e.g.", "Paralympic Games __knowledge__ amputation or dysmelia), leg length difference, short stature, hypertonia, ataxia, athetosis, vision impairment and intellectual impairment.", "Paralympic Games __knowledge__ There are Winter and Summer Paralympic Games, which since the 1988 Summer Games in Seoul, South Korea, are held almost immediately following the respective Olympic Games.", "Who's Been Sleeping with Kat? __knowledge__ In July 2012, a storyline began in the British soap opera \"EastEnders\" in which the character Kat Moon, played by Jessie Wallace, embarks on an affair behind her husband Alfie Moon's (Shane Richie) back, with an unknown person.", "Who's Been Sleeping with Kat? __knowledge__ The suspects named were Ray Dixon (Chucky Venn), Michael Moon (Steve John Shepherd), Max Branning (Jake Wood), Derek Branning (Jamie Foreman) and Jack Branning (Scott Maslen).", "Who's Been Sleeping with Kat? __knowledge__ Ray was the first suspect to be eliminated, on 7 August, followed by Michael on 14 September.", "Who's Been Sleeping with Kat? __knowledge__ The mystery man was revealed as Derek in the 20 December episode.", "Who's Been Sleeping with Kat? __knowledge__ Richie dubbed the storyline \"Who's Been Sleeping with Kat?", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Assistive technology __knowledge__ Assistive technology is an umbrella term that includes assistive, adaptive, and rehabilitative devices for people with disabilities and also includes the process used in selecting, locating, and using them.", "Assistive technology __knowledge__ People who have disabilities often have difficulty performing activities of daily living (ADLs) independently, or even with assistance.", "Assistive technology __knowledge__ ADLs are self-care activities that include toileting, mobility (ambulation), eating, bathing, dressing and grooming.", "Assistive technology __knowledge__ Assistive technology can ameliorate the effects of disabilities that limit the ability to perform ADLs.", "Assistive technology __knowledge__ Assistive technology promotes greater independence by enabling people to perform tasks that they were formerly unable to accomplish, or had great difficulty accomplishing, by providing enhancements to, or changing methods of interacting with, the technology needed to accomplish such tasks.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ The following list describes each of the characters from the popular webseries \"Red vs. Blue\", originally created by Rooster Teeth Productions.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ Colonel Sarge is the leader of the Red Team on Blood Gulch.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ He is voiced by Matt Hullum, co-creator of the series, and first appeared at the end of .", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ He has a Southern accent.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ Sarge is somewhat bloodthirsty, and the only Blood Gulch soldier on either team to actually be serious about war.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ It is mentioned that he has a military background and briefly joined the ODSTs.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ His preferred weapon is a shotgun, which he carries at all times.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ He has a passionate disgust for Grif, demonstrated by his repeated willingness to sacrifice Grif during combat missions as well as how all of his contingency plans are to kill Grif.", "Para-equestrian classification __knowledge__ Para-equestrian classification is a system for para-equestrian sport is a graded system based on the degree of physical or visual disability and handled at the international level by the FEI.", "Para-equestrian classification __knowledge__ The sport has eligible classifications for people with physical and vision disabilities.", "Para-equestrian classification __knowledge__ Groups of eligible riders include The sport is open to competitors with impaired muscle power, athetosis, impaired passive range of movement, hypertonia, limb deficiency, ataxia, leg length difference, short stature, and vision impairment.", "Para-equestrian classification __knowledge__ They are grouped into five different classes to allow fair competition.", "Para-equestrian classification __knowledge__ These classes are Grade Ia, Grade Ib, Grade II, Grade III, and Grade IV.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ \"Wow Oh Wow\" is a song by Irish hip pop duo Jedward.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It is the third single released from their second album, \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It was released as a digital download on 18 November 2011.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song is written by Oritsé Williams of boy band JLS, and songwriters Johannes Joergensen, Savan Kotecha, Daniel Klein of Deekay.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ In September 2011, \"Wow Oh Wow\" was announced as the third single from \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ Jedward debuted the song on Irish chat show \"The Late Late Show\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song was released as a digital-only single.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The music video was directed by Dale \"Rage\" Resteghini and filmed in Los Angeles, California in October 2011.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ A contact lens, or simply contact, is a thin lens placed directly on the surface of the eye.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ Contact lenses are considered medical devices and can be worn to correct vision, or for cosmetic or therapeutic reasons.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ In 2004, it was estimated that 125 million people worldwide use contact lenses, including 28 to 38 million in the United States.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ In 2010, the worldwide market for contact lenses was estimated at $6.1 billion, while the US soft lens market was estimated at $2.1 billion.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ Multiple analysts estimated that the global market for contact lenses would reach $11.7 billion by 2015. , the average age of contact lens wearers globally was 31 years old, and two-thirds of wearers were female.", "Vision rehabilitation __knowledge__ Vision rehabilitation (often called vision rehab) is a term for a medical rehabilitation to improve vision or low vision.", "Vision rehabilitation __knowledge__ In other words, it is the process of restoring functional ability and improving quality of life and independence in an individual who has lost visual function through illness or injury.", "Vision rehabilitation __knowledge__ Most visual rehabilitation services are focused on low vision, which is a visual impairment that cannot be fully corrected by regular eyeglasses, contact lenses, medication, or surgery.", "Vision rehabilitation __knowledge__ Low vision interferes with the ability to perform everyday activities.", "Vision rehabilitation __knowledge__ Visual impairment is caused by factors including brain damage, vision loss, and others.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ A corrective lens is a lens typically worn in front of the eye to improve vision.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ The most common use is to treat refractive errors: myopia, hypermetropia, astigmatism, and presbyopia.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Glasses or \"spectacles\" are worn on the face a short distance in front of the eye.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Contact lenses are worn directly on the surface of the eye.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Intraocular lenses are surgically implanted most commonly after cataract removal, but can be used for purely refractive purposes.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Corrective lenses are typically prescribed by an ophthalmologist or an optometrist.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ The prescription consists of all the specifications necessary to make the lens.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses, also known as eyeglasses or spectacles, are devices consisting of glass or hard plastic lenses mounted in a frame that holds them in front of a person's eyes, typically using a bridge over the nose and arms which rest over the ears.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses are typically used for vision correction, such as with reading glasses and glasses used for nearsightedness.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Safety glasses provide eye protection against flying debris for construction workers or lab technicians; these glasses may have protection for the sides of the eyes as well as in the lenses.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Some types of safety glasses are used to protect against visible and near-visible light or radiation.", "Sunglasses __knowledge__ Sunglasses or sun glasses are a form of protective eyewear designed primarily to prevent bright sunlight and high-energy visible light from damaging or discomforting the eyes.", "Sunglasses __knowledge__ They can sometimes also function as a visual aid, as variously termed spectacles or glasses exist, featuring lenses that are colored, polarized or darkened.", "Sunglasses __knowledge__ In the early 20th century, they were also known as sun cheaters (cheaters being an American slang term for glasses).", "Sunglasses __knowledge__ The American Optometric Association recommends sunglasses whenever a person is in the sun to protect the eyes from ultraviolet radiation (UV) and blue light, which can cause several serious eye problems.", "Strabismus __knowledge__ Strabismus, also called crossed eyes among other terms, is a condition in which the eyes do not properly align with each other when looking at an object.", "Strabismus __knowledge__ The eye which is focused on an object can alternate.", "Strabismus __knowledge__ The condition may be present occasionally or constantly.", "Strabismus __knowledge__ If present during a large part of childhood, it may result in amblyopia or loss of depth perception.", "Strabismus __knowledge__ If onset is during adulthood, it is more likely to result in double vision.", "Strabismus __knowledge__ Strabismus can occur due to muscle dysfunction, farsightedness, problems in the brain, trauma, or infections.", "Strabismus __knowledge__ Risk factors include premature birth, cerebral palsy, and a family history of the condition.", "Keratoconus __knowledge__ Keratoconus (KC) is a disorder of the eye which results in progressive thinning of the cornea.", "Keratoconus __knowledge__ This may result in blurry vision, double vision, nearsightedness, astigmatism, and light sensitivity.", "Keratoconus __knowledge__ Usually both eyes are affected.", "Keratoconus __knowledge__ In more severe cases a scarring or a circle may be seen within the cornea.", "Keratoconus __knowledge__ While the cause is unknown, it is believed to occur due to a combination of genetic, environmental, and hormonal factors.", "Keratoconus __knowledge__ About seven percent of those affected have a family history of the condition.", "Keratoconus __knowledge__ Proposed environmental factors include rubbing the eyes and allergies.", "Keratoconus __knowledge__ The underlying mechanism involves changes of the cornea to a cone shape.", "Optometry __knowledge__ Optometry is a health care profession which involves examining the eyes and applicable visual systems for defects or abnormalities as well as the medical diagnosis and management of eye disease.", "Optometry __knowledge__ Traditionally, the field of optometry began with the primary focus of correcting refractive error through the use of spectacles.", "Optometry __knowledge__ Modern day optometry, however, has evolved through time so that the education curriculum additionally includes intensive medical training in the diagnosis and management of ocular disease in countries where the profession is established and regulated.", "Optometry __knowledge__ Optometrists (also known as Doctors of Optometry in the US and Canada for those holding the O.D.", "Optician __knowledge__ An optician, or \"dispensing optician\", is a technical practitioner who designs, fits and dispenses corrective lenses for the correction of a person's vision.", "Optician __knowledge__ Opticians determine the specifications of various ophthalmic appliances that will give the necessary correction to a person's eyesight.", "Optician __knowledge__ Some registered or licensed opticians also design and fit special appliances to correct cosmetic, traumatic or anatomical defects.", "Optician __knowledge__ These devices are called shells or artificial eyes.", "Optician __knowledge__ Other registered or licensed opticians manufacture lenses to their own specifications and design and manufacture spectacle frames and other devices." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment, also known as vision impairment or vision loss, is a decreased ability to see to a degree that causes problems not fixable by usual means, such as glasses.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Some also include those who have a decreased ability to see because they do not have access to glasses or contact lenses.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment is often defined as a best corrected visual acuity of worse than either 20/40 or 20/60.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ The term blindness is used for complete or nearly complete vision loss.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment may cause people difficulties with normal daily activities such as driving, reading, socializing, and walking.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ The most common causes of visual impairment globally are uncorrected refractive errors (43%), cataracts (33%), and glaucoma (2%).", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Refractive errors include near sighted, far sighted, presbyopia, and astigmatism.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Cataracts are the most common cause of blindness.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Other disorders that may cause visual problems include age related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, corneal clouding, childhood blindness, and a number of infections.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment can also be caused by problems in the brain due to stroke, premature birth, or trauma among others.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ These cases are known as cortical visual impairment.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Ant-Man (film) __knowledge__ Ant-Man is a 2015 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics characters of the same name: Scott Lang and Hank Pym.", "Ant-Man (film) __knowledge__ Produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures, it is the twelfth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU).", "Ant-Man (film) __knowledge__ The film was directed by Peyton Reed, with a screenplay by the writing teams Edgar Wright and Joe Cornish, and Adam McKay and Paul Rudd.", "Ant-Man (film) __knowledge__ It stars Rudd as Scott Lang / Ant-Man, alongside Evangeline Lilly, Corey Stoll, Bobby Cannavale, Michael Peña, Tip \"T.I.\"", "Ant-Man (film) __knowledge__ Harris, Anthony Mackie, Wood Harris, Judy Greer, David Dastmalchian, and Michael Douglas as Hank Pym.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "My Ruin __knowledge__ My Ruin is an American Los Angeles-based alternative metal band, composed of the husband and wife duo Tairrie B and Mick Murphy.", "My Ruin __knowledge__ The band has been through various line-up changes since its formation in 1999.", "My Ruin __knowledge__ Its fanbase is mostly in the UK.", "My Ruin __knowledge__ Its sound consists of passionate vocals set against heavy rock beats.", "My Ruin __knowledge__ Vocalist Tairrie B Murphy has cultivated a reputation both on and off the stage for her aggressive performances and acerbic vocal style.", "My Ruin __knowledge__ Over the decade since the band's formation, the sound has evolved and become heavier with each record, with Mick Murphy’s guitar playing becoming a prominent feature along with his solos and riffs.", "Kendall Hart __knowledge__ Kendall Hart is a fictional character from the American daytime drama \"All My Children\".", "Kendall Hart __knowledge__ The character was portrayed by Sarah Michelle Gellar from 1993 to 1995, and by Alicia Minshew from 2002 until the show's series finale on September 23, 2011.", "Kendall Hart __knowledge__ On March 7, 2013, it was announced that Minshew would guest star on the Prospect Park's continuation of \"All My Children\".", "Kendall Hart __knowledge__ She appeared on the second July 8 episode, and exited the same day.", "Kendall Hart __knowledge__ Kendall is the daughter of Erica Kane, a child conceived when Erica was raped on the night of her 14th birthday by movie matinee idol Richard Fields.", "Kendall Hart __knowledge__ Emerging as one of daytime television's most popular and layered characters, Kendall was originally written as a complex villain, described as a \"complicated bad girl\" and \"the scheming daughter of the biggest schemer of them all, Erica Kane,\" but was later reformed.", "All Things Work Together __knowledge__ All Things Work Together is the eighth studio album by American Christian hip hop artist Lecrae, released on September 22, 2017, through Reach Records and Columbia Records, also making it his first major label release.", "All Things Work Together __knowledge__ The album features appearances from Tori Kelly, Ty Dolla Sign, 1K Phew, Kierra Sheard, Taylor Hill, Aha Gazelle, Jawan Harris and Verse Simmonds.", "All Things Work Together __knowledge__ \"All Things Work Together\" is the eighth studio album by Lecrae, and follows up his 2016 mix-tape \"Church Clothes 3\" and 2014 studio album \"Anomaly\". \"", "All Things Work Together __knowledge__ In December 2016, Lecrae confirmed that a new album was in the works for 2017 in a interview with Rapzilla.", "List of Merlin characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters in the BBC fantasy drama television series \"Merlin\", including supporting characters.", "List of Merlin characters __knowledge__ \"Note: All characters are listed in alphabetical order by their first name.\"", "List of Merlin characters __knowledge__ Aglain (portrayed by Colin Salmon) was a Druid man who lived in the Forest of Acestir.", "List of Merlin characters __knowledge__ In the second-season episode, \"The Nightmare Begins\", he, with the assistance of Mordred, rescued Morgana from a group of serkets, and later healed the injury she sustained from one of the creatures.", "List of Merlin characters __knowledge__ While she resided with him and his fellow Druids, Aglain encouraged Morgana not to fear herself and her emerging abilities, telling her that magic was not evil and not something Uther should hate.", "John Mellencamp __knowledge__ John J Mellencamp (born October 7, 1951), previously known as Johnny Cougar, John Cougar, and John Cougar Mellencamp, is an American musician, singer-songwriter, painter, and actor.", "John Mellencamp __knowledge__ He is known for his catchy, populist brand of heartland rock, which emphasizes traditional instrumentation.", "John Mellencamp __knowledge__ Mellencamp rose to fame in the 1980s while \"honing an almost startlingly plainspoken writing style that, starting in 1982, yielded a string of Top 10 singles\", including \"Hurts So Good\", \"Jack & Diane\", \"Crumblin' Down\", \"Pink Houses\", \"Lonely Ol' Night\", \"Small Town\", \"R.O.C.K.", "John Mellencamp __knowledge__ in the U.S.A.\", \"Paper in Fire\", and \"Cherry Bomb\".", "New York State Route 9N __knowledge__ New York State Route 9N (NY 9N) is a north–south state highway in northeastern New York in the United States.", "New York State Route 9N __knowledge__ It extends from an intersection with U.S. Route 9 (US 9), NY 29, and NY 50 in the city of Saratoga Springs to a junction with US 9 and NY 22 in the Clinton County hamlet of Keeseville.", "New York State Route 9N __knowledge__ At in total length, NY 9N is the longest letter-suffixed route in the state.", "New York State Route 9N __knowledge__ It is concurrent with its parent route for in the village of Lake George and for three blocks in the hamlet of Elizabethtown.", "New York State Route 9N __knowledge__ Much of NY 9N runs alongside either a river or a lake.", "New York State Route 9N __knowledge__ It follows the Hudson River through northern Saratoga County and southern Warren County, the entirety of Lake George's western shoreline, the west edge of Lake Champlain between Ticonderoga and Westport, and the Ausable River from Keene to Keeseville.", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters in the television series \"Bones\".", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ The article deals with the series' main, recurring, and minor characters.", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ The following characters have been featured in the opening credits of the program.", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ Temperance \"Bones\" Brennan (seasons 1–12) works as a forensic anthropologist at the Jeffersonian Institute in Washington, D.C. and is also a best–selling novelist.", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ She is nicknamed \"Bones\" by FBI Special Agent Seeley Booth.", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ Brennan and Booth work together on Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) cases concerning recently found human remains.", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ Although she is an expert in her field, Brennan is socially awkward and has limited knowledge about pop culture.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters appearing in the animated series \"Kim Possible\".", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ Kimberly Ann \"Kim\" Possible is a crime fighter and high school cheerleading captain who saves the world on a regular basis while dealing with the normal challenges of being a teenager, such as winning cheer competitions, turning in her homework on time, and maintaining a love life.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ Her name is a play on the word \"impossible.\"", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ Kim has known Ron Stoppable, her sidekick for most missions, since preschool.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ She has also completed missions with Wade, Monique, her brothers, and even her mother.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ In season four, Kim and Ron end up developing romantic feelings for each other and begin dating during their senior year.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the various characters throughout the Japanese tokusatsu series \"Garo\", not including the Horrors, a breed of demonic beings that make for most of the series antagonists.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ The various holders of the title are the main characters of the franchise, armed with the blade.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ The Garo title, based on the word for \"hope\" in the old Makai language, is traditionally associated with the Saezima family.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ For reasons yet to be explained, the man who takes the title of Garo is often regarded to be the strongest Knight, widely known throughout the Makai community.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ This is however, not a formal ranking in itself and no preferential treatment is given to the said Knight, as evident with Kouga in \"\" who was in service for years before being promoted to be a Knight serving under the Senate.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the DreamWorks animated film media franchise \"Kung Fu Panda\", with their shorts and specials \"Secrets of the Furious Five\", \"Kung Fu Panda Holiday\", \"\", and \"\", as well as the video games and TV show \"\".", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The world of \"Kung Fu Panda\" is a fantasized version of ancient China as typically depicted in the wuxia film genre populated by anthropomorphized Asian animals where the martial arts can have magical qualities on top of extraordinary physical prowess for those sufficiently skilled.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ Master Po Ping (Chinese for \"Precious Peace\"), born Lotus Shan, is the titular protagonist of the \"Kung Fu Panda\" franchise.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Friday the 13th is an American horror franchise that consists of twelve slasher films, a television show, novels, and comic books.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ The main villain in the series is Jason Voorhees, who drowned at Camp Crystal Lake as a boy due to the negligence of the teenage counselors.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Decades later, the lake is rumored to be \"cursed\" and is the setting for a series of mass murders.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Jason is featured in all of the films, either as the killer or as the motivation for the killings.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Each entry in the series features a different cast of characters, including a final girl who defeats the killer in the end.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Recurring characters in the series include Jason's vengeful mother Pamela Voorhees, Alice Hardy, Tommy Jarvis and Crazy Ralph.", "Bicycle and motorcycle dynamics __knowledge__ Bicycle and motorcycle dynamics is the science of the motion of bicycles and motorcycles and their components, due to the forces acting on them.", "Bicycle and motorcycle dynamics __knowledge__ Dynamics falls under a branch of physics known as classical mechanics.", "Bicycle and motorcycle dynamics __knowledge__ Bike motions of interest include balancing, steering, braking, accelerating, suspension activation, and vibration.", "Bicycle and motorcycle dynamics __knowledge__ The study of these motions began in the late 19th century and continues today.", "Bicycle and motorcycle dynamics __knowledge__ Bicycles and motorcycles are both single-track vehicles and so their motions have many fundamental attributes in common and are fundamentally different from and more difficult to study than other wheeled vehicles such as dicycles, tricycles, and quadracycles.", "Dot Cotton __knowledge__ Dorothy “Dot” Branning (also Cotton) is a fictional character from the BBC soap opera, \"EastEnders\", played by June Brown since 1985.", "Dot Cotton __knowledge__ Dot first appeared in \"EastEnders\" in July 1985 as the mother of criminal Nick Cotton (John Altman).", "Dot Cotton __knowledge__ The character has worked as a launderette assistant for most of that time along with original character Pauline Fowler (Wendy Richard).", "Dot Cotton __knowledge__ Dot moved away with her son and his family in 1993.", "Dot Cotton __knowledge__ In reality, Brown left the show in 1993, unhappy with the axing of her co star Peter Dean, who played Pete Beale from the shows first episode to early 1993.", "Dot Cotton __knowledge__ Brown returned to the role as a recurring character from April 1997 to April 1998 and was again made a regular from November 1998 onwards." ] ]

[ 0, 1, 90, 0, 0 ]

[ "Hello! How are you doing today!", "Ahhh. I also had visual impairment problems when I was little. I temporarily fixed it with glasses, but now my vision is 20/60 and I am worried too. ", "I'm looking into vision rehabilitation. It's where you undergo medical rehabilitation to increase your vision. However, it is only for people whose vision cannot be fully corrected with regular glasses, contact lenses etc. I suggest you take a look into it.", "I can imagine. I actually listened to a podcasts where a man developed his ecolocation skills after going blind at an early age. He can actually ride a bike being 100% blind and move as if he is a normal person with perfect eyesight. It's actually quite fascinating!", "You're welcome. I wish you the best! " ]

[ "Visual impairment", "Visual impairment", "Visual impairment", "Visual impairment", "Visual impairment" ]

[ "Birdwatching\nI've been thinking about getting into birdwatching, but I'm worried that people will see me as a huge nerd. Any advice?", "I know, right? Tell me, what's the difference between birdwatching and like, ornithology? Aren't they the same thing?", "Ah, so birdwatching is definitely for the casual person. Why is it that it's such an \"old person\" hobby? Feel like I only ever see the elderly do it.", "Ah true, and I guess being able to distinguish among lots of different types of birds. Speaking of which, how many different kinds are there?", "Wow! Imagine knowing 10000 different bird calls and being able to tell exactly which call belongs to which bird. Talk about a talent, right?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Birdwatching __knowledge__ Birdwatching, or birding, is a form of wildlife observation in which the observation of birds is a recreational activity or citizen science.", "Birdwatching __knowledge__ It can be done with the naked eye, through a visual enhancement device like binoculars and telescopes, by listening for bird sounds, or by watching public webcams.", "Birdwatching __knowledge__ Birdwatching often involves a significant auditory component, as many bird species are more easily detected and identified by ear than by eye.", "Birdwatching __knowledge__ Most birdwatchers pursue this activity for recreational or social reasons, unlike ornithologists, who engage in the study of birds using formal scientific methods.", "Birdwatching __knowledge__ The first recorded use of the term \"birdwatcher\" was in 1891; \"bird\" was introduced as a verb in 1918.", "Birdwatching __knowledge__ The term \"birding\" was also used for the practice of \"fowling\" or hunting with firearms as in Shakespeare's \"The Merry Wives of Windsor\" (1602): \"She laments sir... her husband goes this morning a-birding.\"", "Birdwatching __knowledge__ The terms \"birding\" and \"birdwatching\" are today used by some interchangeably, although some participants prefer \"birding\", partly because it includes the auditory aspects of enjoying birds.", "Birdwatching __knowledge__ In North America, many birders differentiate themselves from birdwatchers, and the term \"birder\" is unfamiliar to most lay people.", "Angry Video Game Nerd __knowledge__ The Angry Video Game Nerd (abbreviated as AVGN, and originally known as The Angry Nintendo Nerd) is an American comedy retrogaming web series, created by and starring James Rolfe.", "Angry Video Game Nerd __knowledge__ The series centers on Rolfe's character \"The Nerd\", a short-tempered and foul-mouthed video game fanatic who delivers commentary on retro games he considers to be of poor quality.", "Angry Video Game Nerd __knowledge__ While the series began with Rolfe simply playing games while delivering a running commentary, the show would eventually grow in scope to encompass sketches featuring guest characters, reviews of gaming consoles and peripherals, and short lectures about video game history and culture.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "List of The Grim Adventures of Billy & Mandy characters __knowledge__ The American animated television series \"The Grim Adventures of Billy & Mandy\" features a cast of fictional characters created by Maxwell Atoms.", "List of The Grim Adventures of Billy & Mandy characters __knowledge__ The series, which originally aired on Cartoon Network from June 13, 2003 to October 12, 2008, follows two children, a dimwitted boy named Billy (voiced by Richard Steven Horvitz) and a remorseless girl named Mandy (voiced by Grey DeLisle).", "List of The Grim Adventures of Billy & Mandy characters __knowledge__ After winning a limbo game to save Billy's pet hamster, the two gain the Grim Reaper (voiced by Greg Eagles) as their best friend for eternity, and come across a variety of supernatural or otherworldly characters and locations throughout the series.", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ This article contains detailed descriptions of characters of the teen sci-fi TV show \"The Tribe\".", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ Like many other soaps the series had a large number of characters that increased as the series progressed.", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ Most of the main characters were members of the Mall Rats at one point or another.", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ Alice, played by Vanessa Stacey, is a member of the Mall Rats on the television series \"The Tribe\".", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ She originally was the leader of the Farm Girls.", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ She appears in episodes 132, 203 - 352, 547 - 548, 551.", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ Alice is fun loving and can be rowdy, but deep down she is kind and sensitive and has wisdom.", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ She is angry at injustice and has a hot temper.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Birdwatching __knowledge__ Birdwatching, or birding, is a form of wildlife observation in which the observation of birds is a recreational activity or citizen science.", "Birdwatching __knowledge__ It can be done with the naked eye, through a visual enhancement device like binoculars and telescopes, by listening for bird sounds, or by watching public webcams.", "Birdwatching __knowledge__ Birdwatching often involves a significant auditory component, as many bird species are more easily detected and identified by ear than by eye.", "Birdwatching __knowledge__ Most birdwatchers pursue this activity for recreational or social reasons, unlike ornithologists, who engage in the study of birds using formal scientific methods.", "Birdwatching __knowledge__ The first recorded use of the term \"birdwatcher\" was in 1891; \"bird\" was introduced as a verb in 1918.", "Birdwatching __knowledge__ The term \"birding\" was also used for the practice of \"fowling\" or hunting with firearms as in Shakespeare's \"The Merry Wives of Windsor\" (1602): \"She laments sir... her husband goes this morning a-birding.\"", "Birdwatching __knowledge__ The terms \"birding\" and \"birdwatching\" are today used by some interchangeably, although some participants prefer \"birding\", partly because it includes the auditory aspects of enjoying birds.", "Birdwatching __knowledge__ In North America, many birders differentiate themselves from birdwatchers, and the term \"birder\" is unfamiliar to most lay people.", "Ornithology __knowledge__ Ornithology is a branch of zoology that concerns the study of birds.", "Ornithology __knowledge__ The word \"ornithology\" derives from the ancient Greek ὄρνις \"ornis\" (\"bird\") and λόγος \"logos\" (\"rationale\" or \"explanation\").", "Ornithology __knowledge__ Several aspects of ornithology differ from related disciplines, due partly to the high visibility and the aesthetic appeal of birds.", "Ornithology __knowledge__ Most marked among these is the extent of studies undertaken by amateurs working within the parameters of strict scientific methodology.", "Ornithology __knowledge__ The science of ornithology has a long history and studies on birds have helped develop several key concepts in evolution, behaviour and ecology such as the definition of species, the process of speciation, instinct, learning, ecological niches, guilds, island biogeography, phylogeography and conservation.", "Ivory-billed woodpecker __knowledge__ The ivory-billed woodpecker (\"Campephilus principalis\") is one of the largest woodpeckers in the world, at roughly long and in wingspan.", "Ivory-billed woodpecker __knowledge__ It is native to the virgin forests of the Southeastern United States (along with a separate subspecies native to Cuba).", "Ivory-billed woodpecker __knowledge__ Because of habitat destruction and, to a lesser extent, hunting, its numbers have dwindled to the point where whether any remain is uncertain, though reports have indicated it has been seen again in the current century.", "Ivory-billed woodpecker __knowledge__ Almost no forests today can maintain an ivory-billed woodpecker population.", "Ivory-billed woodpecker __knowledge__ The species is listed as critically endangered and possibly extinct by the International Union for Conservation of Nature.", "Allan Octavian Hume __knowledge__ Allan Octavian Hume, CB ICS (6 June 1829 – 31 July 1912) was a member of the Imperial Civil Service (later the Indian Civil Service), a political reformer, ornithologist and botanist who worked in British India.", "Allan Octavian Hume __knowledge__ He was one of the founders of the Indian National Congress, a political party that was later to lead in the Indian independence movement.", "Allan Octavian Hume __knowledge__ A notable ornithologist, Hume has been called \"the Father of Indian Ornithology\" and, by those who found him dogmatic, \"the Pope of Indian ornithology.\"", "Allan Octavian Hume __knowledge__ As an administrator of Etawah, he saw the Indian Rebellion of 1857 as a result of misgovernance and made great efforts to improve the lives of the common people.", "South American Bird Fair __knowledge__ The South American Birdwatching Fair is an annual event for birdwatchers, held every year in a different country of the continent.", "South American Bird Fair __knowledge__ It is described as the birder's principal meeting in South America, with people from all the world.", "South American Bird Fair __knowledge__ Lovers of wildlife in general and Birdwatching in particular can find in the fair a space for networking and sharing talks, workshops, seminars and birding trips.", "South American Bird Fair __knowledge__ Each year's programme includes birding themes in general, recent scientific findings and presentations in many related themes.", "South American Bird Fair __knowledge__ A large number of suppliers of binoculars, cameras, books, clothing and other birdwatching equipment, artists and tour companies display and sell their wares, and there are lectures, birding outings and trips, a fellowship dinner and other attractions.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Political positions of Mitt Romney __knowledge__ The political positions of Mitt Romney have been recorded from his 1994 U.S. senatorial campaign, the 2002 gubernatorial election, during his 2003–2007 governorship, during his 2008 U.S. presidential campaign, in his 2010 book \"\", and during his 2012 U.S. presidential campaign.", "Political positions of Mitt Romney __knowledge__ Some of these political positions have changed, while others have remained unchanged.", "Political positions of Mitt Romney __knowledge__ In his 1994 Senate campaign, Romney called for the \"virtual elimination\" of the federal Department of Agriculture and for reductions in farm subsidies.", "Political positions of Mitt Romney __knowledge__ In 2007, when questioned about these views, a Romney for President Iowa campaign spokesman responded: \"Governor Romney believes that investing in agriculture is key to our economy and families.\"", "Wildlife observation __knowledge__ Wildlife observation is the practice of noting the occurrence or abundance of a dead or living animal species at a specific location and time.", "Wildlife observation __knowledge__ The process of scientific wildlife observation includes the reporting of what (diagnosis of the species), where (geographical location), when (date and time), who (details about observer), and why (reason for observation, or explanations for occurrence).", "Wildlife observation __knowledge__ Wildlife observation can be performed if the animals are alive, with the most notable example being face-to-face observation and live cameras, or are dead, with the primary example being the notifying of where roadkill has occurred.", "Bird __knowledge__ Birds (Aves) are a group of endothermic vertebrates, characterised by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a strong yet lightweight skeleton.", "Bird __knowledge__ Birds live worldwide and range in size from the bee hummingbird to the ostrich.", "Bird __knowledge__ Birds are descendants of extinct feathered dinosaurs, making them not only the sole surviving dinosaurs according to cladistics, but ranking as the world’s most numerically-successful class of tetrapods, with approximately ten thousand living species, more than half of these being passerines, sometimes known as perching birds.", "Presque Isle State Park __knowledge__ Presque Isle State Park () is a Pennsylvania State Park on an arching, sandy peninsula that juts into Lake Erie, west of the city of Erie, in Millcreek Township, Erie County, Pennsylvania, in the United States.", "Presque Isle State Park __knowledge__ The peninsula sweeps northeastward, surrounding Presque Isle Bay along the park's southern coast.", "Presque Isle State Park __knowledge__ It has of roads, of recreational trails, 13 beaches for swimming, and a marina.", "Presque Isle State Park __knowledge__ Popular activities at the park include swimming, boating, hiking, biking, and birdwatching.", "Presque Isle State Park __knowledge__ The recorded history of Presque Isle begins with the Erielhonan, a Native American tribe who gave their name to Lake Erie, and includes French, British, and American forts, as well as serving as a base for Commodore Oliver Hazard Perry's fleet in the War of 1812.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Underwater diving, as a human activity, is the practice of descending below the water's surface to interact with the environment.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Immersion in water and exposure to high ambient pressure have physiological effects that limit the depths and duration possible in ambient pressure diving.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Humans are not physiologically and anatomically well adapted to the environmental conditions of diving, and various equipment has been developed to extend the depth and duration of human dives, and allow different types of work to be done.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ In ambient pressure diving, the diver is directly exposed to the pressure of the surrounding water.", "Rocky Mountain National Park __knowledge__ Rocky Mountain National Park is a United States national park located approximately northwest of Denver International Airport in north-central Colorado, within the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains.", "Rocky Mountain National Park __knowledge__ The park is situated between the towns of Estes Park to the east and Grand Lake to the west.", "Rocky Mountain National Park __knowledge__ The eastern and westerns slopes of the Continental Divide run directly through the center of the park with the headwaters of the Colorado River located in the park's northwestern region.", "Rocky Mountain National Park __knowledge__ The main features of the park include mountains, alpine lakes and a wide variety of wildlife within various climates and environments, from wooded forests to mountain tundra.", "Common murre __knowledge__ The common murre or common guillemot (\"Uria aalge\") is a large auk.", "Common murre __knowledge__ It is also known as the thin-billed murre in North America.", "Common murre __knowledge__ It has a circumpolar distribution, occurring in low-Arctic and boreal waters in the North Atlantic and North Pacific.", "Common murre __knowledge__ It spends most of its time at sea, only coming to land to breed on rocky cliff shores or islands.", "Common murre __knowledge__ Common murres have fast direct flight but are not very agile.", "Common murre __knowledge__ They are more manoeuvrable underwater, typically diving to depths of .", "Common murre __knowledge__ Depths of up to have been recorded.", "Common murre __knowledge__ Common murres breed in colonies at high densities.", "Common murre __knowledge__ Nesting pairs may be in bodily contact with their neighbours." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Birdwatching __knowledge__ Birdwatching, or birding, is a form of wildlife observation in which the observation of birds is a recreational activity or citizen science.", "Birdwatching __knowledge__ It can be done with the naked eye, through a visual enhancement device like binoculars and telescopes, by listening for bird sounds, or by watching public webcams.", "Birdwatching __knowledge__ Birdwatching often involves a significant auditory component, as many bird species are more easily detected and identified by ear than by eye.", "Birdwatching __knowledge__ Most birdwatchers pursue this activity for recreational or social reasons, unlike ornithologists, who engage in the study of birds using formal scientific methods.", "Birdwatching __knowledge__ The first recorded use of the term \"birdwatcher\" was in 1891; \"bird\" was introduced as a verb in 1918.", "Birdwatching __knowledge__ The term \"birding\" was also used for the practice of \"fowling\" or hunting with firearms as in Shakespeare's \"The Merry Wives of Windsor\" (1602): \"She laments sir... her husband goes this morning a-birding.\"", "Birdwatching __knowledge__ The terms \"birding\" and \"birdwatching\" are today used by some interchangeably, although some participants prefer \"birding\", partly because it includes the auditory aspects of enjoying birds.", "Birdwatching __knowledge__ In North America, many birders differentiate themselves from birdwatchers, and the term \"birder\" is unfamiliar to most lay people.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Old age __knowledge__ Old age refers to ages nearing or surpassing the life expectancy of human beings, and is thus the end of the human life cycle.", "Old age __knowledge__ Terms and euphemisms include old people (worldwide usage), seniors (American usage), senior citizens (British and American usages), older adults (in the social sciences), the elderly, and elders (in many cultures—including the cultures of aboriginal people).", "Old age __knowledge__ Old people often have limited regenerative abilities and are more susceptible to disease, syndromes, and sickness than younger adults.", "Old age __knowledge__ The organic process of ageing is called senescence, the medical study of the aging process is called gerontology, and the study of diseases that afflict the elderly is called geriatrics.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 (樱野3加1), also known as Sakurano in the Philippines, is a Taiwanese drama that airs Sunday on TTV/SETTV.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ This drama brings back Ming Dao and Joe Chen Qiao En.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ Xia Tian, Jia Jiang, Fang Wei, and Bulu all grew up on Westside Street together and currently study in Ying Ye School, one month away from graduation.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ Xia Tian's dad is a police officer in Westside Street and is retiring tomorrow.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ But just on that day, they all had a fight at school with the Dinosaur gang, and were almost expelled by the principal.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ Officer Xia went to settle the conflict and not only did it not get settled, his gun got misplaced by the principal too.", "Dementia __knowledge__ Dementia is a broad category of brain diseases that cause a long-term and often gradual decrease in the ability to think and remember that is great enough to affect a person's daily functioning.", "Dementia __knowledge__ Other common symptoms include emotional problems, problems with language, and a decrease in motivation.", "Dementia __knowledge__ A person's consciousness is usually not affected.", "Dementia __knowledge__ A dementia diagnosis requires a change from a person's usual mental functioning and a greater decline than one would expect due to aging.", "Dementia __knowledge__ These diseases also have a significant effect on a person's caregivers.", "Dementia __knowledge__ The most common type of dementia is Alzheimer's disease, which makes up 50% to 70% of cases.", "Dirty Work (All Time Low album) __knowledge__ Dirty Work is the fourth studio album by American rock band All Time Low.", "Dirty Work (All Time Low album) __knowledge__ Following the success of \"Nothing Personal\" in mid-2009, the band signed to major label Interscope Records in November of that year.", "Dirty Work (All Time Low album) __knowledge__ During the next month, the band began writing for their \"Dirty Work\" and ended up demoing 20 songs.", "Dirty Work (All Time Low album) __knowledge__ After spending sometime writing material in Los Angeles, the band started recording their fourth album with Mike Green in March 2010.", "Dirty Work (All Time Low album) __knowledge__ Over the following months the band recorded songs with John Fields, Butch Walker, Matt Squire, David Kahne and U4L.", "Dirty Work (All Time Low album) __knowledge__ In between sessions, the band embarked on the Bamboozle Roadshow tour.", "Ageism __knowledge__ Ageism (also spelled \"agism\") is stereotyping of and discrimination against individuals or groups on the basis of their age.", "Ageism __knowledge__ This may be casual or systematic.", "Ageism __knowledge__ The term was coined in 1969 by Robert Neil Butler to describe discrimination against seniors, and patterned on sexism and racism.", "Ageism __knowledge__ Butler defined \"ageism\" as a combination of three connected elements.", "Ageism __knowledge__ Among them were prejudicial attitudes towards older people, old age, and the aging process; discriminatory practices against older people; and institutional practices and policies that perpetuate stereotypes about elderly people.", "Ageism __knowledge__ While the term is also used to name prejudice and discrimination against adolescents and children, including ignoring their ideas because they are too young, or assuming that they should behave in certain ways because of their age, the term is predominantly used in relation to the treatment of older people.", "Ornithology __knowledge__ Ornithology is a branch of zoology that concerns the study of birds.", "Ornithology __knowledge__ The word \"ornithology\" derives from the ancient Greek ὄρνις \"ornis\" (\"bird\") and λόγος \"logos\" (\"rationale\" or \"explanation\").", "Ornithology __knowledge__ Several aspects of ornithology differ from related disciplines, due partly to the high visibility and the aesthetic appeal of birds.", "Ornithology __knowledge__ Most marked among these is the extent of studies undertaken by amateurs working within the parameters of strict scientific methodology.", "Ornithology __knowledge__ The science of ornithology has a long history and studies on birds have helped develop several key concepts in evolution, behaviour and ecology such as the definition of species, the process of speciation, instinct, learning, ecological niches, guilds, island biogeography, phylogeography and conservation.", "Erwin Stresemann __knowledge__ Erwin Stresemann (22 November 1889, Dresden – 20 November 1972, East Berlin) was a German naturalist and ornithologist.", "Erwin Stresemann __knowledge__ Stresemann was an ornithologist of extensive breadth who compiled one of the first and most comprehensive accounts of avian biology of its time as part of the \"Handbuch der Zoologie\" (Handbook of Zoology).", "Erwin Stresemann __knowledge__ In the process of his studies on birds, he also produced one of the most extensive historical accounts on the development of the science of ornithology.", "Erwin Stresemann __knowledge__ He influenced numerous ornithologists around him and oversaw the development of ornithology in Germany as editor of the \"Journal für Ornithologie\".", "Salim Ali __knowledge__ Sálim Moizuddin Abdul Ali (12 November 1896 – 20 June 1987) was an Indian ornithologist and naturalist.", "Salim Ali __knowledge__ Sometimes referred to as the \"\"birdman of India\"\", Salim Ali was among the first Indians to conduct systematic bird surveys across India and wrote several bird books that popularised ornithology in India.", "Salim Ali __knowledge__ He became a key figure behind the Bombay Natural History Society after 1947 and used his personal influence to garner government support for the organisation, create the Bharatpur bird sanctuary (Keoladeo National Park) and prevent the destruction of what is now the Silent Valley National Park.", "Allan Octavian Hume __knowledge__ Allan Octavian Hume, CB ICS (6 June 1829 – 31 July 1912) was a member of the Imperial Civil Service (later the Indian Civil Service), a political reformer, ornithologist and botanist who worked in British India.", "Allan Octavian Hume __knowledge__ He was one of the founders of the Indian National Congress, a political party that was later to lead in the Indian independence movement.", "Allan Octavian Hume __knowledge__ A notable ornithologist, Hume has been called \"the Father of Indian Ornithology\" and, by those who found him dogmatic, \"the Pope of Indian ornithology.\"", "Allan Octavian Hume __knowledge__ As an administrator of Etawah, he saw the Indian Rebellion of 1857 as a result of misgovernance and made great efforts to improve the lives of the common people.", "Robert Ridgway __knowledge__ Robert Ridgway (July 2, 1850 – March 25, 1929) was an American ornithologist specializing in systematics.", "Robert Ridgway __knowledge__ He was appointed in 1880 by Spencer Fullerton Baird, secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, to be the first full-time curator of birds at the United States National Museum, a title he held until his death.", "Robert Ridgway __knowledge__ In 1883, he helped found the American Ornithologists' Union, where he served as officer and journal editor.", "Robert Ridgway __knowledge__ Ridgway was an outstanding descriptive taxonomist, capping his life work with \"The Birds of North and Middle America\" (eight volumes, 1901–1919).", "Robert Ridgway __knowledge__ In his lifetime, he was unmatched in the number of North American bird species that he described for science.", "Indian natural history __knowledge__ Natural history in India has a long heritage with a recorded history going back to the Vedas.", "Indian natural history __knowledge__ Natural history research in early times included the broad fields of palaeontology, zoology and botany.", "Indian natural history __knowledge__ These studies would today be considered under field of ecology but in former times, such research was undertaken mainly by amateurs, often physicians, civil servants and army officers.", "Indian natural history __knowledge__ Although the growth of modern natural history in India can be attributed to British colonialism and the growth of natural history in Britain, there is considerable evidence to suggest that India with its diverse landscapes, fauna and flora along with other tropical colonies helped in creating an increased interest in natural history in Britain and elsewhere in the world.", "Ivory-billed woodpecker __knowledge__ The ivory-billed woodpecker (\"Campephilus principalis\") is one of the largest woodpeckers in the world, at roughly long and in wingspan.", "Ivory-billed woodpecker __knowledge__ It is native to the virgin forests of the Southeastern United States (along with a separate subspecies native to Cuba).", "Ivory-billed woodpecker __knowledge__ Because of habitat destruction and, to a lesser extent, hunting, its numbers have dwindled to the point where whether any remain is uncertain, though reports have indicated it has been seen again in the current century.", "Ivory-billed woodpecker __knowledge__ Almost no forests today can maintain an ivory-billed woodpecker population.", "Ivory-billed woodpecker __knowledge__ The species is listed as critically endangered and possibly extinct by the International Union for Conservation of Nature." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Birdwatching __knowledge__ Birdwatching, or birding, is a form of wildlife observation in which the observation of birds is a recreational activity or citizen science.", "Birdwatching __knowledge__ It can be done with the naked eye, through a visual enhancement device like binoculars and telescopes, by listening for bird sounds, or by watching public webcams.", "Birdwatching __knowledge__ Birdwatching often involves a significant auditory component, as many bird species are more easily detected and identified by ear than by eye.", "Birdwatching __knowledge__ Most birdwatchers pursue this activity for recreational or social reasons, unlike ornithologists, who engage in the study of birds using formal scientific methods.", "Birdwatching __knowledge__ The first recorded use of the term \"birdwatcher\" was in 1891; \"bird\" was introduced as a verb in 1918.", "Birdwatching __knowledge__ The term \"birding\" was also used for the practice of \"fowling\" or hunting with firearms as in Shakespeare's \"The Merry Wives of Windsor\" (1602): \"She laments sir... her husband goes this morning a-birding.\"", "Birdwatching __knowledge__ The terms \"birding\" and \"birdwatching\" are today used by some interchangeably, although some participants prefer \"birding\", partly because it includes the auditory aspects of enjoying birds.", "Birdwatching __knowledge__ In North America, many birders differentiate themselves from birdwatchers, and the term \"birder\" is unfamiliar to most lay people.", "Language __knowledge__ Language is a system that consists of the development, acquisition, maintenance and use of complex systems of communication, particularly the human ability to do so; and a language is any specific example of such a system.", "Language __knowledge__ The scientific study of language is called linguistics.", "Language __knowledge__ Questions concerning the philosophy of language, such as whether words can represent experience, have been debated at least since Gorgias and Plato in ancient Greece.", "Language __knowledge__ Thinkers such as Rousseau have argued that language originated from emotions while others like Kant have held that it originated from rational and logical thought.", "Value-form __knowledge__ The value-form or form of value () is a concept in Karl Marx's critique of political economy, Marxism and post-Marxism.", "Value-form __knowledge__ It refers to the \"social form\" of a commodity (any product traded in markets) as a symbol of value, which contrasts with its physical features, as a product which can satisfy some human need.", "Value-form __knowledge__ The physical appearance of a commodity is directly observable, but the meaning of its social form is not.", "Value-form __knowledge__ Narrating the paradoxical oddities and metaphysical niceties of ordinary things when they become instruments of trade, Marx seeks to provide a brief morphology of the category of economic value as such - what its substance really is, the forms which this substance takes, and how its magnitude is determined or expressed.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Law of value __knowledge__ The law of value (German: \"Wertgesetz\") is a central concept in Karl Marx's critique of political economy, first expounded in his polemic \"The Poverty of Philosophy\" (1847) against Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, with reference to David Ricardo's economics.", "Law of value __knowledge__ Most generally, it refers to a regulative principle of the economic exchange of the products of human work: the relative exchange-values of those products in trade, usually expressed by money-prices, are proportional to the average amounts of human labor-time which are currently socially necessary to produce them.", "Law of value __knowledge__ Thus, the fluctuating exchange value of commodities (exchangeable products) is regulated by their value, where the magnitude of their value is determined by the average quantity of human labour which is currently socially necessary to produce them (see labor theory of value and value-form).", "Self-discrepancy theory __knowledge__ The self-discrepancy theory states that people compare themselves to internalized standards called \"self-guides\".", "Self-discrepancy theory __knowledge__ These different representations of the self can be contradictory and result in emotional discomfort.", "Self-discrepancy theory __knowledge__ Self-discrepancy is the gap between two of these self-representations.", "Self-discrepancy theory __knowledge__ The theory states that people are motivated to reduce the gap in order to remove disparity in self-guides.", "Self-discrepancy theory __knowledge__ Developed by Edward Tory Higgins in 1987, the theory provides a platform for understanding how different types of discrepancies between representations of the self are related to different kinds of emotional vulnerabilities.", "List of Deltora Quest characters __knowledge__ The \"Deltora\" series features a wide line of characters, both important and minor.", "List of Deltora Quest characters __knowledge__ The series also features many different monsters and creatures that appeared in all of the many different books.", "List of Deltora Quest characters __knowledge__ This article is a list of the many different characters and creatures that have appeared in the Deltora series.", "List of Deltora Quest characters __knowledge__ Lief was raised as a blacksmith's son in the run-down city of Del after the invasion.", "List of Deltora Quest characters __knowledge__ Hot-headed and impatient at the start of the series, all he wanted to do was go out and explore the city.", "List of Deltora Quest characters __knowledge__ On the night of his sixteenth birthday, he leaves on his father's quest to restore the Belt of Deltora, the only thing that can save their land and the heir from the tyranny of the Shadow Lord.", "Animal cognition __knowledge__ Animal cognition describes the mental capacities of non-human animals and the study of those capacities.", "Animal cognition __knowledge__ The field developed from comparative psychology, including the study of animal conditioning and learning.", "Animal cognition __knowledge__ It has also been strongly influenced by research in ethology, behavioral ecology, and evolutionary psychology, and hence the alternative name cognitive ethology is sometimes used.", "Animal cognition __knowledge__ Many behaviors associated with the term \"animal intelligence\" are also subsumed within animal cognition.", "Animal cognition __knowledge__ Researchers have examined animal cognition in mammals (especially primates, cetaceans, elephants, dogs, cats, pigs, horses, cattle, raccoons and rodents), birds (including parrots, fowl, corvids and pigeons), reptiles (lizards and snakes), fish and invertebrates (including cephalopods, spiders and insects).", "Hearing aid __knowledge__ A hearing aid is a device designed to improve hearing by making sound audible to a person with hearing loss.", "Hearing aid __knowledge__ Hearing aids are classified as medical devices in most countries, and regulated by the respective regulations.", "Hearing aid __knowledge__ Small audio amplifiers such as PSAPs or other plain sound reinforcing systems cannot be sold as \"hearing aids\".", "Hearing aid __knowledge__ Early devices, such as ear trumpets or ear horns, were passive amplification cones designed to gather sound energy and direct it into the ear canal.", "Hearing aid __knowledge__ Modern devices are computerised electroacoustic systems that transform environmental sound to make it audible, according to audiometrical and cognitive rules.", "Hearing loss __knowledge__ Hearing loss, also known as hearing impairment, is a partial or total inability to hear.", "Hearing loss __knowledge__ A deaf person has little to no hearing.", "Hearing loss __knowledge__ Hearing loss may occur in one or both ears.", "Hearing loss __knowledge__ In children hearing problems can affect the ability to learn spoken language and in adults it can cause work related difficulties.", "Hearing loss __knowledge__ In some people, particularly older people, hearing loss can result in loneliness.", "Hearing loss __knowledge__ Hearing loss can be temporary or permanent.", "Hearing loss __knowledge__ Hearing loss may be caused by a number of factors, including: genetics, ageing, exposure to noise, some infections, birth complications, trauma to the ear, and certain medications or toxins.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ This list of ecoregions of North America provides an overview of North American ecoregions designated by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC) in its North American Environmental Atlas.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ It should not be confused with Wikipedia articles based on the classification system developed by the World Wildlife Fund, such as List of ecoregions (WWF) and Lists of ecoregions by country.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ The commission was established in 1994 by the member states of Canada, Mexico, and the United States to address regional environmental concerns under the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (NAAEC), the environmental side accord to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).", "Bird __knowledge__ Birds (Aves) are a group of endothermic vertebrates, characterised by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a strong yet lightweight skeleton.", "Bird __knowledge__ Birds live worldwide and range in size from the bee hummingbird to the ostrich.", "Bird __knowledge__ Birds are descendants of extinct feathered dinosaurs, making them not only the sole surviving dinosaurs according to cladistics, but ranking as the world’s most numerically-successful class of tetrapods, with approximately ten thousand living species, more than half of these being passerines, sometimes known as perching birds.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "Hearing range __knowledge__ Hearing range describes the range of frequencies that can be heard by humans or other animals, though it can also refer to the range of levels.", "Hearing range __knowledge__ The human range is commonly given as 20 to 20,000 Hz, though there is considerable variation between individuals, especially at high frequencies, and a gradual loss of sensitivity to higher frequencies with age is considered normal.", "Hearing range __knowledge__ Sensitivity also varies with frequency, as shown by equal-loudness contours.", "Hearing range __knowledge__ Routine investigation for hearing loss usually involves an audiogram which shows threshold levels relative to a normal.", "Hearing range __knowledge__ Several animal species are able to hear frequencies well beyond the human hearing range." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Birdwatching __knowledge__ Birdwatching, or birding, is a form of wildlife observation in which the observation of birds is a recreational activity or citizen science.", "Birdwatching __knowledge__ It can be done with the naked eye, through a visual enhancement device like binoculars and telescopes, by listening for bird sounds, or by watching public webcams.", "Birdwatching __knowledge__ Birdwatching often involves a significant auditory component, as many bird species are more easily detected and identified by ear than by eye.", "Birdwatching __knowledge__ Most birdwatchers pursue this activity for recreational or social reasons, unlike ornithologists, who engage in the study of birds using formal scientific methods.", "Birdwatching __knowledge__ The first recorded use of the term \"birdwatcher\" was in 1891; \"bird\" was introduced as a verb in 1918.", "Birdwatching __knowledge__ The term \"birding\" was also used for the practice of \"fowling\" or hunting with firearms as in Shakespeare's \"The Merry Wives of Windsor\" (1602): \"She laments sir... her husband goes this morning a-birding.\"", "Birdwatching __knowledge__ The terms \"birding\" and \"birdwatching\" are today used by some interchangeably, although some participants prefer \"birding\", partly because it includes the auditory aspects of enjoying birds.", "Birdwatching __knowledge__ In North America, many birders differentiate themselves from birdwatchers, and the term \"birder\" is unfamiliar to most lay people.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Dennis Michael Miller (born November 3, 1953) is an American stand-up comedian, talk show host, political commentator, sports commentator, actor, and television and radio personality.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He rose as a cast member of \"Saturday Night Live\" in 1985, and subsequently hosted a string of his own talk shows on HBO, CNBC, and in syndication.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ From 2007 to 2015, Miller hosted a daily, three-hour, self-titled talk radio program, nationally syndicated by Westwood One.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He is known for his critical assessments of current events, laced with pop culture references and delivered in an idiosyncratic verbal style.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Miller is listed as 21st on Comedy Central's 100 greatest stand up comedians of all time, and was ranked as the best host of SNL's \"Weekend Update\" by Vulture.com.", "Bird vocalization __knowledge__ Bird vocalization includes both bird calls and bird songs.", "Bird vocalization __knowledge__ In non-technical use, bird songs are the bird sounds that are melodious to the human ear.", "Bird vocalization __knowledge__ In ornithology and birding, songs (relatively complex vocalizations) are distinguished by function from calls (relatively simple vocalizations).", "Bird vocalization __knowledge__ The distinction between songs and calls is based upon complexity, length, and context.", "Bird vocalization __knowledge__ Songs are longer and more complex and are associated with courtship and mating, while calls tend to serve such functions as alarms or keeping members of a flock in contact.", "Bird vocalization __knowledge__ Other authorities such as Howell and Webb (1995) make the distinction based on function, so that short vocalizations, such as those of pigeons, and even non-vocal sounds, such as the drumming of woodpeckers and the \"winnowing\" of snipes' wings in display flight, are considered songs.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the characters that have appeared on \"90210\", an American teen drama.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The series introduces Annie Wilson (Shenae Grimes) and her adopted brother Dixon (Tristan Wilds), who move from Kansas to Beverly Hills with their father Harry (Rob Estes) and mother Debbie (Lori Loughlin).", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The family relocated in order to care for Harry's mother Tabitha (Jessica Walter).", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The first actor to be cast for the TV series was Dustin Milligan on April 1, 2008, followed by AnnaLynne McCord on April 14.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ Sachs found Milligan to be \"really funny\", and changed Ethan to better represent his personality.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ McCord was cast because, according to Sachs, \"she's someone who is worldly, and there's a sophistication to her that's interesting.\"", "The CEO Show with Robert Reiss __knowledge__ The CEO Show with Robert Reiss is a national US 19-minute interview format radio program in which Robert Reiss interviews Chief Executive Officers (CEOs) of companies.", "The CEO Show with Robert Reiss __knowledge__ The purpose of the show is to share business practices.", "The CEO Show with Robert Reiss __knowledge__ The program was first shown in Greenwich, Connecticut from WGCH AM radio in April 2007, and expanded to a national format in September of the same year.", "The CEO Show with Robert Reiss __knowledge__ The CEO Show is broadcast nationally out of 40 cities including Atlanta, Boston, Chicago, Houston, the New York Metropolitan area, Las Vegas and, San Diego \"BTRN\" and \"LTRN\" networks (\"Business Talk Radio Network\" and \"Lifestyle Talk Radio Network\").", "Mating call __knowledge__ A mating call is the auditory signal used by animals to attract mates.", "Mating call __knowledge__ It can occur in males or females, but literature is abundantly favored toward researching mating calls in males.", "Mating call __knowledge__ In addition, mating calls are often the subject of mate choice, in which the preferences of one gender for a certain type of mating call can drive sexual selection in a species.", "Mating call __knowledge__ This can result in sympatric speciation of some animals, where two species diverge from each other while living in the same environment.", "Mating call __knowledge__ There are many different mechanisms to produce mating calls, which can be broadly categorized into vocalizations and mechanical calls.", "Subfossil lemur __knowledge__ Subfossil lemurs are lemurs from Madagascar that are represented by recent (subfossil) remains dating from nearly 26,000 years ago (from the late Pleistocene until the Holocene) to approximately 560 years ago.", "Subfossil lemur __knowledge__ They include both living and extinct species, although the term more frequently refers to the extinct giant lemurs.", "Subfossil lemur __knowledge__ The diversity of subfossil lemur communities was greater than that of present-day lemur communities, ranging from as high as 20 or more species per location, compared with 10 to 12 species today.", "Subfossil lemur __knowledge__ Extinct species are estimated to have ranged in size from slightly over to roughly .", "List of birds of Southern Africa __knowledge__ This is a list of the bird species recorded in Southern Africa.", "List of birds of Southern Africa __knowledge__ Southern Africa is defined as Africa south of a line between the Kunene and Zambezi rivers, encompassing Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, mainland South Africa, Lesotho, Swaziland and southern and central Mozambique, as well as oceanic waters within of the coast, covering approximately 3.5 million square kilometres.", "List of birds of Southern Africa __knowledge__ In Layard's 1867 treatise on the regional avifauna, he arbitrarily defined \"South Africa\" as the region south of 28° South.", "List of birds of Southern Africa __knowledge__ Sharpe's 1884 revision of Layard's work extended the boundary to the Cuanza and Zambezi rivers, believing that the latter is a natural avifaunal limit.", "Martial eagle __knowledge__ The martial eagle (\"Polemaetus bellicosus\") is a large eagle native to sub-Saharan Africa.", "Martial eagle __knowledge__ It is the only member of the genus \"Polemaetus.\"", "Martial eagle __knowledge__ A species of the booted eagle sub-family (\"Aquillinae\"), it has feathering over its tarsus.", "Martial eagle __knowledge__ One of the largest and most powerful species of booted eagle, it is a fairly opportunistic predator that varies it prey selection between mammals, birds and reptiles.", "Martial eagle __knowledge__ Its hunting technique is unique as it is one of few eagle species known to hunt primarily from a high soar, by stooping on its quarry.", "Martial eagle __knowledge__ An inhabitant of wooded belts of otherwise open savanna, this species has shown a precipitous decline in the last few centuries due to a variety of factors.", "Dinosaur __knowledge__ Dinosaurs are a diverse group of reptiles of the clade Dinosauria.", "Dinosaur __knowledge__ They first appeared during the Triassic period, between 243 and 231 million years ago, although the exact origin and timing of the evolution of dinosaurs is the subject of active research.", "Dinosaur __knowledge__ They became the dominant terrestrial vertebrates after the Triassic–Jurassic extinction event 201 million years ago; their dominance continued through the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods.", "Dinosaur __knowledge__ The fossil record indicates that birds are modern feathered dinosaurs, having evolved from earlier theropods during the late Jurassic Period.", "Dinosaur __knowledge__ As such, birds were the only dinosaur lineage to survive the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event 66 million years ago.", "Bird __knowledge__ Birds (Aves) are a group of endothermic vertebrates, characterised by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a strong yet lightweight skeleton.", "Bird __knowledge__ Birds live worldwide and range in size from the bee hummingbird to the ostrich.", "Bird __knowledge__ Birds are descendants of extinct feathered dinosaurs, making them not only the sole surviving dinosaurs according to cladistics, but ranking as the world’s most numerically-successful class of tetrapods, with approximately ten thousand living species, more than half of these being passerines, sometimes known as perching birds.", "Marine life __knowledge__ Marine life, or sea life or ocean life, refers to the plants, animals and other organisms that live in the salt water of the sea or ocean, or the brackish water of coastal estuaries.", "Marine life __knowledge__ At a fundamental level, marine life helps determine the very nature of our planet.", "Marine life __knowledge__ Marine organisms produce much of the oxygen we breathe.", "Marine life __knowledge__ Shorelines are in part shaped and protected by marine life, and some marine organisms even help create new land.", "Marine life __knowledge__ Most life forms evolved initially in marine habitats.", "Marine life __knowledge__ Oceans provide about 99 percent of the living space on the planet.", "Marine life __knowledge__ The earliest vertebrates appeared in the form of fish, which live exclusively in water.", "Parrot __knowledge__ Parrots, also known as psittacines , are birds of the roughly 393 species in 92 genera that make up the order Psittaciformes, found in most tropical and subtropical regions.", "Parrot __knowledge__ The order is subdivided into three superfamilies: the Psittacoidea (\"true\" parrots), the Cacatuoidea (cockatoos), and the Strigopoidea (New Zealand parrots).", "Parrot __knowledge__ Parrots have a generally pantropical distribution with several species inhabiting temperate regions in the Southern Hemisphere, as well.", "Parrot __knowledge__ The greatest diversity of parrots is in South America and Australasia.", "Parrot __knowledge__ Characteristic features of parrots include a strong, curved bill, an upright stance, strong legs, and clawed zygodactyl feet." ] ]

[ 1, 9, 3, 58, 17 ]

[ "Birdwatching is the observation of birds as a recreational activity. Who cares what people think!", "Ornithology is actually a branch of zoology that focuses on the study of birds.", "I really don't know. Birdwatching actually takes a significant amount of hearing ability since finding a lot of bird species require hearing more than the ye.", "There are approximately 10000 living species of birds.", "Yes! A way to recognize the difference between bird songs and bird calls is based on length, complexity, and context." ]

[ "Birdwatching", "Birdwatching", "Birdwatching", "Birdwatching", "Birdwatching" ]

[ "Museum", "I like to visit a museum ", "That is true." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Museum __knowledge__ A museum ( ; plural musea or museums) is an institution that cares for (conserves) a collection of artifacts and other objects of artistic, cultural, historical, or scientific importance.", "Museum __knowledge__ Many public museums make these items available for public viewing through exhibits that may be permanent or temporary.", "Museum __knowledge__ The largest museums are located in major cities throughout the world, while thousands of local museums exist in smaller cities, towns and rural areas.", "Museum __knowledge__ Museums have varying aims, ranging from serving researchers and specialists to serving the general public.", "Museum __knowledge__ The goal of serving researchers is increasingly shifting to serving the general public.", "Museum __knowledge__ There are many types of museums, including art museums, natural history museums, science museums, war museums, and children's museums.", "Museum __knowledge__ Amongst the world's largest and most visited museums are the Louvre in Paris, the National Museum of China in Beijing, the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C., the British Museum in London, the National Gallery in London, and Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City.", "Museum __knowledge__ As of the 2010s, the continuing acceleration in the digitization of information, combined with the increasing capacity of digital information storage, is causing the traditional model of museums (i.e." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Museum __knowledge__ A museum ( ; plural musea or museums) is an institution that cares for (conserves) a collection of artifacts and other objects of artistic, cultural, historical, or scientific importance.", "Museum __knowledge__ Many public museums make these items available for public viewing through exhibits that may be permanent or temporary.", "Museum __knowledge__ The largest museums are located in major cities throughout the world, while thousands of local museums exist in smaller cities, towns and rural areas.", "Museum __knowledge__ Museums have varying aims, ranging from serving researchers and specialists to serving the general public.", "Museum __knowledge__ The goal of serving researchers is increasingly shifting to serving the general public.", "Museum __knowledge__ There are many types of museums, including art museums, natural history museums, science museums, war museums, and children's museums.", "Museum __knowledge__ Amongst the world's largest and most visited museums are the Louvre in Paris, the National Museum of China in Beijing, the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C., the British Museum in London, the National Gallery in London, and Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City.", "Museum __knowledge__ As of the 2010s, the continuing acceleration in the digitization of information, combined with the increasing capacity of digital information storage, is causing the traditional model of museums (i.e.", "List of pastoral visits of Pope Francis outside Italy __knowledge__ This is a list of pastoral visits of Pope Francis outside Italy.", "List of pastoral visits of Pope Francis outside Italy __knowledge__ Pope Francis' visit to the Philippines in January 2015 included the largest papal event in history with around 6–7 million attendees in his final mass at Manila, surpassing the then-largest papal event at World Youth Day 1995 in the same venue 20 years earlier.", "List of pastoral visits of Pope Francis outside Italy __knowledge__ Francis visited Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, for World Youth Day.", "List of pastoral visits of Pope Francis outside Italy __knowledge__ This was the only scheduled foreign trip for him in the year.", "List of pastoral visits of Pope Francis outside Italy __knowledge__ Francis was officially welcomed to Brazil during a ceremony at Guanabara palace and met with Brazilian president Dilma Rousseff.", "List of pastoral visits of Pope Francis outside Italy __knowledge__ Throughout the celebrations, Francis gathered up to 3.5 million pilgrims to celebrate mass at Copacabana Beach.", "Imperial War Museum __knowledge__ Imperial War Museums (IWM) is a British national museum organisation with branches at five locations in England, three of which are in London.", "Imperial War Museum __knowledge__ Founded as the Imperial War Museum in 1917, the museum was intended to record the civil and military war effort and sacrifice of Britain and its Empire during the First World War.", "Imperial War Museum __knowledge__ The museum's remit has since expanded to include all conflicts in which British or Commonwealth forces have been involved since 1914.", "Imperial War Museum __knowledge__ As of 2012, the museum aims \"to provide for, and to encourage, the study and understanding of the history of modern war and 'wartime experience'\".", "Specimens of Archaeopteryx __knowledge__ Archaeopteryx fossils from the quarries of Solnhofen limestone represent the most famous and well-known fossils from this area.", "Specimens of Archaeopteryx __knowledge__ They are highly significant to paleontology and avian evolution in that they document the fossil record's oldest-known birds.", "Specimens of Archaeopteryx __knowledge__ Over the years, twelve body fossil specimens of \"Archaeopteryx\" and a feather that may belong to it have been found, though one of these specimens was reassigned to another genus by two researchers in 2017.", "Specimens of Archaeopteryx __knowledge__ All of the fossils come from the upper Jurassic lithographic limestone deposits, quarried for centuries, near Solnhofen, Germany.", "Specimens of Archaeopteryx __knowledge__ The initial discovery, a single feather, was unearthed in 1860 or 1861 and described in 1861 by Christian Erich Hermann von Meyer.", "National Railway Museum __knowledge__ The National Railway Museum (NRM) is a museum in York forming part of the British Science Museum Group of National Museums and telling the story of rail transport in Britain and its impact on society.", "National Railway Museum __knowledge__ It has won many awards, including the European Museum of the Year Award in 2001.", "National Railway Museum __knowledge__ It is the home of the national collection of historically significant railway vehicles, as well as a collection of other artefacts and both written and pictorial records.", "National Railway Museum __knowledge__ The National Railway Museum in York displays a collection of over 100 locomotives and nearly 300 other items of rolling stock, virtually all of which either ran on the railways of Great Britain or were built there.", "Tourism in Indonesia __knowledge__ Tourism in Indonesia is an important component of the Indonesian economy as well as a significant source of its foreign exchange revenues.", "Tourism in Indonesia __knowledge__ The vast country of sprawling archipelago has much to offer, from natural beauty, historical heritage to cultural diversity.", "Tourism in Indonesia __knowledge__ According to the World Travel and Tourism Council, the direct contribution of travel and tourism to Indonesia's GDP in 2014 was IDR 325,467 billion (US$26,162 million) constituting 3.2% of the total GDP.", "Tourism in Indonesia __knowledge__ By 2019, the Indonesian government wants to have doubled this figure to 8 percent of GDP and the number of visitors needs to double to about 20 million.", "Controversies surrounding Yasukuni Shrine __knowledge__ There are major controversies surrounding Yasukuni Shrine, a Japanese Shinto shrine to war dead who served the Emperor of Japan during wars from 1867–1951.", "Controversies surrounding Yasukuni Shrine __knowledge__ This eligibility includes civilians in service and government officials.", "Controversies surrounding Yasukuni Shrine __knowledge__ Yasukuni is a shrine to house the actual souls of the dead as \"kami\", or \"spirits/souls\" as loosely defined in the English words.", "Controversies surrounding Yasukuni Shrine __knowledge__ This activity is strictly a religious matter due to the religious separation of State Shinto and the Japanese Government.", "Controversies surrounding Yasukuni Shrine __knowledge__ The priesthood at the shrine has complete religious autonomy to decide to whom and how enshrinement may occur.", "Controversies surrounding Yasukuni Shrine __knowledge__ It is thought that enshrinement is permanent and irreversible by the current clergy.", "Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University __knowledge__ The Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University, formerly the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, is the oldest natural science research institution and museum in the Americas.", "Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University __knowledge__ It was founded in 1812, by many of the leading naturalists of the young American republic with an expressed mission of \"the encouragement and cultivation of the sciences\".", "Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University __knowledge__ For over two centuries of continuous operations, the Academy has sponsored expeditions, conducted original environmental and systematics research, and amassed natural history collections containing more than 17 million specimens.", "Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University __knowledge__ The Academy also has a long tradition of public exhibits and educational programs for both schools and the general public.", "Madrid __knowledge__ Madrid (, , ) is the capital of Spain and the largest municipality in both the Community of Madrid and Spain as a whole.", "Madrid __knowledge__ The city has almost 3.166 million inhabitants with a metropolitan area population of approximately 6.5 million.", "Madrid __knowledge__ It is the third-largest city in the European Union (EU) after London and Berlin, and its metropolitan area is the third-largest in the EU after those of London and Paris.", "Madrid __knowledge__ The municipality itself covers an area of .", "Madrid __knowledge__ Madrid lies on the River Manzanares in the centre of both the country and the Community of Madrid (which comprises the city of Madrid, its conurbation and extended suburbs and villages); this community is bordered by the autonomous communities of Castile and León and Castile-La Mancha.", "Museums in Basel __knowledge__ The Basel museums encompass a series of museums in the city of Basel, Switzerland, and the neighboring region.", "Museums in Basel __knowledge__ They represent a broad spectrum of collections with a marked concentration in the fine arts and house numerous holdings of international significance.", "Museums in Basel __knowledge__ With at least three dozen institutions, not including the local history collections in the surrounding communities, the region offers an extraordinarily high density of museums compared to other metropolitan areas of similar size.", "Museums in Basel __knowledge__ They draw some one and a half million visitors annually.", "Museums in Basel __knowledge__ Constituting an essential and defining component of Basel culture and cultural policy, the museums are the result of closely interwoven private and public collecting activities and promotion of arts and culture going back to the 16th century.", "Wilhelm Wundt __knowledge__ Wilhelm Maximilian Wundt (16 August 1832 – 31 August 1920) was a German physician, physiologist, philosopher, and professor, known today as one of the founding figures of modern psychology.", "Wilhelm Wundt __knowledge__ Wundt, who noted psychology as a science apart from philosophy and biology, was the first person ever to call himself a psychologist.", "Wilhelm Wundt __knowledge__ He is widely regarded as the \"father of experimental psychology.\"", "Wilhelm Wundt __knowledge__ In 1879, Wundt founded the first formal laboratory for psychological research at the University of Leipzig.", "Wilhelm Wundt __knowledge__ This marked psychology as an independent field of study.", "Wilhelm Wundt __knowledge__ By creating this laboratory he was able to establish psychology as a separate science from other topics.", "New York City __knowledge__ The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ With an estimated 2016 population of 8,537,673 distributed over a land area of about , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world with an estimated 23.7 million residents as of 2016.", "New York City __knowledge__ A global power city, New York City has been described as the cultural, financial, and media capital of the world, and exerts a significant impact upon commerce, entertainment, research, technology, education, politics, and sports.", "Central Arizona Museum Association __knowledge__ Central Arizona Museum Association (CAMA), founded in 1978, is a 501(c)(3) regional non-profit organization registered with the Arizona Corporation Commission and dedicated to fostering collaboration among museum members, encouraging professional development, improving best practices, and promoting the value of member museums to the greater community.", "Central Arizona Museum Association __knowledge__ Central Arizona is home to diverse museums offering exhibitions and programming for students, adults, specialists, and children ranging from lectures to social hours, free events, workshops, demonstrations, trips to other destinations, and much more." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Museum __knowledge__ A museum ( ; plural musea or museums) is an institution that cares for (conserves) a collection of artifacts and other objects of artistic, cultural, historical, or scientific importance.", "Museum __knowledge__ Many public museums make these items available for public viewing through exhibits that may be permanent or temporary.", "Museum __knowledge__ The largest museums are located in major cities throughout the world, while thousands of local museums exist in smaller cities, towns and rural areas.", "Museum __knowledge__ Museums have varying aims, ranging from serving researchers and specialists to serving the general public.", "Museum __knowledge__ The goal of serving researchers is increasingly shifting to serving the general public.", "Museum __knowledge__ There are many types of museums, including art museums, natural history museums, science museums, war museums, and children's museums.", "Museum __knowledge__ Amongst the world's largest and most visited museums are the Louvre in Paris, the National Museum of China in Beijing, the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C., the British Museum in London, the National Gallery in London, and Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City.", "Museum __knowledge__ As of the 2010s, the continuing acceleration in the digitization of information, combined with the increasing capacity of digital information storage, is causing the traditional model of museums (i.e.", "List of True Jackson, VP characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters on the Nickelodeon sitcom True Jackson, VP.", "List of True Jackson, VP characters __knowledge__ This article has character summaries.", "List of True Jackson, VP characters __knowledge__ For an episode list, see \"List of True Jackson, VP episodes\".", "List of True Jackson, VP characters __knowledge__ True Jackson (Keke Palmer) is a 15-year-old girl who was hired by Max Madigan as a Vice President (VP) for Mad Style's Youth Apparel.", "List of True Jackson, VP characters __knowledge__ True is constantly getting into sticky situations that nearly end in her getting fired.", "List of True Jackson, VP characters __knowledge__ Amanda, another VP, is constantly trying to get True fired.", "List of True Jackson, VP characters __knowledge__ True loves to help people, especially Max, even if it may cost her job.", "List of True Jackson, VP characters __knowledge__ She has a huge crush on the company mailman, Jimmy; he also has feelings for her, but she does not know it until the second season.", "JavaScript syntax __knowledge__ The syntax of JavaScript is the set of rules that define a correctly structured JavaScript program.", "JavaScript syntax __knowledge__ The examples below make use of the log function of the console object present in most browsers for standard text output.", "JavaScript syntax __knowledge__ The JavaScript standard library lacks an official standard text output function.", "JavaScript syntax __knowledge__ Given that JavaScript is mainly used for client-side scripting within modern Web browsers, and that almost all Web browsers provide the alert function, alert can also be used, but is not commonly used.", "JavaScript syntax __knowledge__ Brendan Eich summarized the ancestry of the syntax in the first paragraph of the JavaScript 1.1 specification as follows: JavaScript is case sensitive.", "Truth __knowledge__ Truth is most often used to mean being in accord with fact or reality, or fidelity to an original or standard.", "Truth __knowledge__ Truth may also often be used in modern contexts to refer to an idea of \"truth to self,\" or authenticity.", "Truth __knowledge__ Truth is usually held to be opposite to falsehood, which, correspondingly, can also take on a logical, factual, or ethical meaning.", "Truth __knowledge__ The concept of truth is discussed and debated in several contexts, including philosophy, art, and religion.", "Truth __knowledge__ Many human activities depend upon the concept, where its nature as a concept is assumed rather than being a subject of discussion; these include most of the sciences, law, journalism, and everyday life.", "Liar paradox __knowledge__ In philosophy and logic, the classical liar paradox or liar's paradox is the statement of a liar who states that they are lying: for instance, declaring that \"I am lying\" or \"everything I say is false\".", "Liar paradox __knowledge__ If they are indeed lying, they are telling the truth, which means they are lying.", "Liar paradox __knowledge__ In \"this sentence is a lie\" the paradox is strengthened in order to make it amenable to more rigorous logical analysis.", "Liar paradox __knowledge__ It is still generally called the \"liar paradox\" although abstraction is made precisely from the liar himself.", "Liar paradox __knowledge__ Trying to assign to this statement, the strengthened liar, a classical binary truth value leads to a contradiction.", "Epistemology __knowledge__ Epistemology (; ) is the branch of philosophy concerned with the theory of knowledge.", "Epistemology __knowledge__ Epistemology studies the nature of knowledge, justification, and the rationality of belief.", "Epistemology __knowledge__ Much of the debate in epistemology centers on four areas: (1) the philosophical analysis of the nature of knowledge and how it relates to such concepts as truth, belief, and justification, (2) various problems of skepticism, (3) the sources and scope of knowledge and justified belief, and (4) the criteria for knowledge and justification.", "Epistemology __knowledge__ Epistemology addresses such questions as \"What makes justified beliefs justified?", "Epistemology __knowledge__ \", \"What does it mean to say that we know something?\"", "Natural deduction __knowledge__ In logic and proof theory, natural deduction is a kind of proof calculus in which logical reasoning is expressed by inference rules closely related to the \"natural\" way of reasoning.", "Natural deduction __knowledge__ This contrasts with Hilbert-style systems, which instead use axioms as much as possible to express the logical laws of deductive reasoning.", "Natural deduction __knowledge__ Natural deduction grew out of a context of dissatisfaction with the axiomatizations of deductive reasoning common to the systems of Hilbert, Frege, and Russell (see, e.g., Hilbert system).", "Natural deduction __knowledge__ Such axiomatizations were most famously used by Russell and Whitehead in their mathematical treatise \"Principia Mathematica\".", "List of The Southern Vampire Mysteries characters __knowledge__ This is a listing of significant characters in Charlaine Harris's \"The Southern Vampire Mysteries\" / Sookie Stackhouse novels only.", "List of The Southern Vampire Mysteries characters __knowledge__ HBO created a television series called \"True Blood\" based on the novels.", "List of The Southern Vampire Mysteries characters __knowledge__ Sookie is the main character of \"The Southern Vampire Mysteries\", and resides in the fictional town of Bon Temps, in rural, northern Louisiana.", "List of The Southern Vampire Mysteries characters __knowledge__ In the first novel, \"Dead Until Dark\", she describes herself as being 25 years old, with blond hair and blue eyes.", "List of The Southern Vampire Mysteries characters __knowledge__ She also states: “my legs are strong and my bosom is substantial, and I have a waspy waistline”.", "List of The Southern Vampire Mysteries characters __knowledge__ She is written to wear a ladies size 8-10, most of the time a 10.", "Póvoa de Varzim __knowledge__ Póvoa de Varzim (, ), also spelled Povoa de Varzim, is a Portuguese city in Northern Portugal and sub-region of Greater Porto.", "Póvoa de Varzim __knowledge__ It sits in a sandy coastal plain, a cuspate foreland, halfway between the Minho and Douro rivers.", "Póvoa de Varzim __knowledge__ The population of the municipality was 63,408 at the time of the 2011 census.", "Póvoa de Varzim __knowledge__ According to the 2001 census, there were 63,470 inhabitants, with 42,396 living in the city proper.", "Póvoa de Varzim __knowledge__ The city expanded, southwards, to Vila do Conde, and there are about 100,000 inhabitants in the urban area alone.", "Póvoa de Varzim __knowledge__ It is the seventh-largest urban agglomeration in Portugal and the third largest in Northern Portugal.", "Corticeira Amorim __knowledge__ Corticeira Amorim S.G.P.S., S.A., is a Portuguese subholding company belonging to the Amorim Group and claims to have been the world leader in the cork industry for over 130 years, with operations in hundreds of countries all over the world.", "Corticeira Amorim __knowledge__ Corticeira Amorim S.G.P.S., S.A. is responsible for the management of 70 companies engaged in the cork manufacture, research, development, promotion and sale of products and new solutions for the cork industry.", "Corticeira Amorim __knowledge__ António Rios de Amorim is the company’s Chairman and CEO.", "Corticeira Amorim __knowledge__ Organized in five Business Units – Raw-Materials, Cork Stoppers, Floor & Wall Coverings, Composite Cork and Insulation Cork - Corticeira Amorim sells an array of products largely to such industries as the aeronautical, construction and wine-producing industries; a result of the investment made in R&D.", "Partido da Imprensa Golpista __knowledge__ Partido da Imprensa Golpista (PiG, ) is a term used by left-wing Brazilian websurfers since 2007 to characterize an alleged attitude of the Brazilian mass media towards President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva during the 2006 presidential election.", "Partido da Imprensa Golpista __knowledge__ The term was popularized by journalist Paulo Henrique Amorim in his blog.", "Partido da Imprensa Golpista __knowledge__ Whenever he uses the term, Amorim writes it with an \"i\" in lowercase as a pun with the name of the web portal where he was a journalist before he was dismissed on March 18, 2008, which he describes as a process of \"ideological cleansing\".", "Partido da Imprensa Golpista __knowledge__ The term is also used by journalists Luiz Carlos Azenha and Rodrigo Vianna on their blogs, which also helped to spread its popularity.", "Rúben Amorim __knowledge__ Rúben Filipe Marques Amorim (born 27 January 1985) is a retired Portuguese footballer who played as a midfielder.", "Rúben Amorim __knowledge__ He spent most of his professional career with Belenenses and Benfica, signing with the latter in 2008 and going on to win ten major titles, including three Primeira Liga championships.", "Rúben Amorim __knowledge__ During 12 seasons, he amassed totals in the competition of 221 games and 13 goals.", "Rúben Amorim __knowledge__ Amorim represented Portugal in two World Cups, earning a total of 14 caps.", "Rúben Amorim __knowledge__ Born in Lisbon, Amorim made his debut in the Primeira Liga on 14 December 2003, playing one minute for hometown club C.F.", "Rúben Amorim __knowledge__ Os Belenenses in a 2–0 home win against F.C.", "Celso Amorim __knowledge__ Celso Luiz Nunes Amorim (born June 3, 1942) is a Brazilian diplomat who served as Minister of Foreign Relations from July 20, 1993 to December 31, 1994 under President Itamar Franco and again from January 1, 2003 to December 31, 2010 under President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva.", "Celso Amorim __knowledge__ He was Minister of Defence from August 4, 2011 to December 31, 2014 under President Dilma Rousseff.", "Celso Amorim __knowledge__ Before his appointment by Lula, Amorim served as Brazil's ambassador to the United Kingdom.", "Celso Amorim __knowledge__ On October 7, 2009, Amorim was named the \"world's best foreign minister\" by \"Foreign Policy\" magazine blogger David Rothkopf.", "Celso Amorim __knowledge__ Amorim was born in Santos, São Paulo, on June 3, 1942.", "Victoria and Albert Museum __knowledge__ The Victoria and Albert Museum (often abbreviated as the V&A) in London is the world's largest museum of decorative arts and design, housing a permanent collection of over 4.5 million objects.", "Victoria and Albert Museum __knowledge__ It was founded in 1852 and named after Queen Victoria and Prince Albert.", "Victoria and Albert Museum __knowledge__ The V&A is located in the Brompton district of the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea, in an area that has become known as \"Albertopolis\" because of its association with Prince Albert, the Albert Memorial and the major cultural institutions with which he was associated.", "Victoria and Albert Museum __knowledge__ These include the Natural History Museum, the Science Museum and the Royal Albert Hall." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3 ]

[ "There are many diverse museums to visit ranging from cultural, historical, artistic or scientific importance.", "Museums display exhibits that can be permanent or temporary.", "Larger museums are centerally located near major cities while local museums are located in cities towns or rural areas" ]

[ "Museum", "Museum", "Museum" ]

[ "Extraterrestrial life\nDo you believe in aliens or extraterrestrial life?", "What is a prokaryote? Just a small organism?", "huh, that is interesting, I wonder if there are any aliens that are how we perceive them to be, that would be crazy", "I hope not, I would hope more like that movie Paul haha", "Exactly, I do not want them to be violent at all" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Extraterrestrial life __knowledge__ Extraterrestrial life, also called alien life (or, if it is a sentient or relatively complex individual, an \"extraterrestrial\" or \"alien\"), is life that occurs outside of Earth and that probably did not originate from Earth.", "Extraterrestrial life __knowledge__ These hypothetical life forms may range from simple prokaryotes to beings with civilizations far more advanced than humanity.", "Extraterrestrial life __knowledge__ The Drake equation speculates about the existence of intelligent life elsewhere in the universe.", "Extraterrestrial life __knowledge__ The science of extraterrestrial life in all its forms is known as exobiology.", "Extraterrestrial life __knowledge__ Since the mid-20th century, there has been an ongoing search for signs of extraterrestrial life.", "Extraterrestrial life __knowledge__ This encompasses a search for current and historic extraterrestrial life, and a narrower search for extraterrestrial intelligent life.", "Extraterrestrial life __knowledge__ Depending on the category of search, methods range from the analysis of telescope and specimen data to radios used to detect and send communication signals.", "Extraterrestrial life __knowledge__ The concept of extraterrestrial life, and particularly extraterrestrial intelligence, has had a major cultural impact, chiefly in works of science fiction.", "Extraterrestrial life __knowledge__ Over the years, science fiction communicated scientific ideas, imagined a wide range of possibilities, and influenced public interest in and perspectives of extraterrestrial life.", "Potential cultural impact of extraterrestrial contact __knowledge__ The cultural impact of extraterrestrial contact is the corpus of changes to terrestrial science, technology, religion, politics, and ecosystems resulting from contact with an extraterrestrial civilization.", "Potential cultural impact of extraterrestrial contact __knowledge__ It is closely related to the search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI), which attempts to locate intelligent life as opposed to analyzing the implications of contact with that life.", "Potential cultural impact of extraterrestrial contact __knowledge__ The potential changes from extraterrestrial contact could vary greatly in magnitude and type, based on the extraterrestrial civilization's level of technological advancement, degree of benevolence or malevolence, and level of mutual comprehension between itself and humanity.", "Fermi paradox __knowledge__ The Fermi paradox or Fermi's paradox, named after physicist Enrico Fermi, is the apparent contradiction between the lack of evidence and high probability estimates for the existence of extraterrestrial civilizations.", "Fermi paradox __knowledge__ The basic points of the argument, made by physicists Enrico Fermi (1901–1954) and Michael H. Hart (born 1932), are: According to this line of reasoning, the Earth should have already been visited by extraterrestrial aliens.", "Fermi paradox __knowledge__ In an informal conversation, Fermi noted no convincing evidence of this, leading him to ask, \"Where is everybody?\"", "Fermi paradox __knowledge__ There have been many attempts to explain the Fermi paradox, primarily either suggesting that intelligent extraterrestrial life is extremely rare or proposing reasons that such civilizations have not contacted or visited Earth.", "Douglas Vakoch __knowledge__ Douglas Vakoch (born June 16, 1961) is an American search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI) researcher, psychologist, and president of METI (Messaging Extraterrestrial Intelligence), a nonprofit research and educational organization devoted to transmitting intentional signals to extraterrestrial civilizations.", "Douglas Vakoch __knowledge__ On February 13, 2015 he engaged in a debate at the annual convention of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) on whether humankind should send signals to other worlds in hope of reply.", "Douglas Vakoch __knowledge__ Vakoch advocates ongoing transmission projects, arguing that this does not increase risks of an alien invasion as suggested by British cosmologist Stephen Hawking.", "Astrobiology __knowledge__ Astrobiology is the study of the origin, evolution, distribution, and future of life in the universe: extraterrestrial life and life on Earth.", "Astrobiology __knowledge__ Astrobiology addresses the question of whether life exists beyond Earth, and how humans can detect it if it does.", "Astrobiology __knowledge__ The term exobiology is similar but more specific—it covers the search for life beyond Earth, and the effects of extraterrestrial environments on living things.", "Astrobiology __knowledge__ Astrobiology makes use of physics, chemistry, astronomy, biology, molecular biology, ecology, planetary science, geography, and geology to investigate the possibility of life on other worlds and help recognize biospheres that might be different from that on Earth.", "List of Alien characters __knowledge__ \"Alien\", a science-fiction action horror franchise, tells the story of humanity's ongoing encounters with Aliens: a hostile, endoparasitoid, extraterrestrial species.", "List of Alien characters __knowledge__ Set between the 21st and 24th centuries over several generations, the film series centers around a character ensemble's struggle for survival against the Aliens and against the greedy, unscrupulous megacorporation Weyland-Yutani.", "List of Alien characters __knowledge__ The main series consists of four films, \"Alien\" (1979), \"Aliens\" (1986), \"Alien 3\" (1992) and \"Alien Resurrection\" (1997), about Ellen Ripley's fight against the Aliens.", "List of Alien characters __knowledge__ Ripley is the sole survivor of an Alien rampage on the space freighter \"Nostromo\", which leads her to a series of conflicts with the species and Weyland-Yutani.", "Brookings Report __knowledge__ Proposed Studies on the Implications of Peaceful Space Activities for Human Affairs, often referred to as \"the Brookings Report\", was a 1960 report commissioned by NASA and created by the Brookings Institution in collaboration with NASA's Committee on Long-Range Studies.", "Brookings Report __knowledge__ It was submitted to the House Committee on Science and Astronautics of the United States House of Representatives in the 87th United States Congress on April 18, 1961.", "Brookings Report __knowledge__ It was entered into the \"Congressional Record\" and can be found in any library possessing the \"Congressional Record\" for that year.", "Brookings Report __knowledge__ The report has become noted for one short section entitled \"The implications of a discovery of extraterrestrial life\", which examines the potential implications of such a discovery on public attitudes and values." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Extraterrestrial life __knowledge__ Extraterrestrial life, also called alien life (or, if it is a sentient or relatively complex individual, an \"extraterrestrial\" or \"alien\"), is life that occurs outside of Earth and that probably did not originate from Earth.", "Extraterrestrial life __knowledge__ These hypothetical life forms may range from simple prokaryotes to beings with civilizations far more advanced than humanity.", "Extraterrestrial life __knowledge__ The Drake equation speculates about the existence of intelligent life elsewhere in the universe.", "Extraterrestrial life __knowledge__ The science of extraterrestrial life in all its forms is known as exobiology.", "Extraterrestrial life __knowledge__ Since the mid-20th century, there has been an ongoing search for signs of extraterrestrial life.", "Extraterrestrial life __knowledge__ This encompasses a search for current and historic extraterrestrial life, and a narrower search for extraterrestrial intelligent life.", "Extraterrestrial life __knowledge__ Depending on the category of search, methods range from the analysis of telescope and specimen data to radios used to detect and send communication signals.", "Extraterrestrial life __knowledge__ The concept of extraterrestrial life, and particularly extraterrestrial intelligence, has had a major cultural impact, chiefly in works of science fiction.", "Extraterrestrial life __knowledge__ Over the years, science fiction communicated scientific ideas, imagined a wide range of possibilities, and influenced public interest in and perspectives of extraterrestrial life.", "Microorganism __knowledge__ A microorganism or microbe is a microscopic organism, which may exist in its single-celled form, or in a colony of cells.", "Microorganism __knowledge__ The possible existence of unseen microbial life was suspected from ancient times, such as in Jain scriptures from 6th century BC India, and the 1st century BC book \"On Agriculture\" by Marcus Terentius Varro.", "Microorganism __knowledge__ Microbiology, the scientific study of microorganisms, began with their observation under the microscope in the 1670s by Antonie van Leeuwenhoek.", "Microorganism __knowledge__ In the 1850s, Louis Pasteur found that microorganisms caused food spoilage, debunking the theory of spontaneous generation.", "Microorganism __knowledge__ In the 1880s Robert Koch discovered that microorganisms caused the diseases tuberculosis, cholera, and anthrax.", "Vampirococcus __knowledge__ Vampirococcus is an informally described genus of ovoid Gram-negative bacteria, but the exact phylogeny remains to be determined.", "Vampirococcus __knowledge__ This predatory prokaryote was first described in 1983 by Esteve et al.", "Vampirococcus __knowledge__ as small, anaerobic microbe about 0.6 μm wide before being given the name of \"Vampirococcus\" in 1986 by Guerrero et al.", "Vampirococcus __knowledge__ This prokaryote is a freshwater obligate predator that preys specifically on various species of the photosynthetic purple sulfur bacterium, \"Chromatium\".", "Vampirococcus __knowledge__ As an epibiont, \"Vampirococcus\" attaches to the cell surface of their prey and \"sucks\" out the cytoplasm using a specialized cytoplasmic bridge.", "Prokaryote __knowledge__ A prokaryote is a unicellular organism that lacks a membrane-bound nucleus, mitochondria, or any other membrane-bound organelle.", "Prokaryote __knowledge__ The word \"prokaryote\" comes from the Greek πρό (\"pro\") \"before\" and κάρυον (\"karyon\") \"nut or kernel\".", "Prokaryote __knowledge__ Prokaryotes are divided into two domains, Archaea and Bacteria.", "Prokaryote __knowledge__ In contrast, species with nuclei and organelles are placed in the third domain, Eukaryota.. Prokaryotes reproduce without fusion of gametes.", "Prokaryote __knowledge__ The first living organisms are thought to have been prokaryotes.", "Prokaryote __knowledge__ In the prokaryotes, all the intracellular water-soluble components (proteins, DNA and metabolites) are located together in the cytoplasm enclosed by the cell membrane, rather than in separate cellular compartments.", "Eukaryote __knowledge__ A eukaryote ( or ) is any organism whose cells have a cell nucleus and other organelles enclosed within membranes.", "Eukaryote __knowledge__ Eukaryotes belong to the domain Eukaryota or Eukarya, and can be unicellular or multicellular organisms.", "Eukaryote __knowledge__ The defining feature that sets eukaryotic cells apart from prokaryotic cells (Bacteria and Archaea) is that they have membrane-bound organelles, especially the nucleus, which contains the genetic material enclosed by the nuclear membrane.", "Eukaryote __knowledge__ The presence of a nucleus gives eukaryotes their name, which comes from the Greek εὖ (\"eu\", \"well\" or \"true\") and κάρυον (\"karyon\", \"nut\" or \"kernel\").", "Arthrospira __knowledge__ Arthrospira is a genus of free-floating filamentous cyanobacteria characterized by cylindrical, multicellular trichomes in an open left-hand helix.", "Arthrospira __knowledge__ A dietary supplement is made from \"A. platensis\" and \"A. maxima\", known as spirulina.", "Arthrospira __knowledge__ The \"A. maxima\" and \"A. platensis\" species were once classified in the genus \"Spirulina\".", "Arthrospira __knowledge__ Although the introduction of two separate genera [\"Arthrospira\" and \"Spirulina\"] is now generally accepted, there has been much dispute in the past and the resulting taxonomical confusion is tremendous.", "Arthrospira __knowledge__ The common name, spirulina, refers to the dried biomass of \"A. platensis\", which belongs to the oxygenic photosynthetic bacteria that cover the groups Cyanobacteria and Prochlorales.", "History of Earth __knowledge__ The history of Earth concerns the development of planet Earth from its formation to the present day.", "History of Earth __knowledge__ Nearly all branches of natural science have contributed to the understanding of the main events of Earth's past.", "History of Earth __knowledge__ The age of the Earth is approximately one-third of the age of the universe.", "History of Earth __knowledge__ An immense amount of geological change has occurred in that timespan, accompanied by the emergence of life and its subsequent evolution.", "History of Earth __knowledge__ Earth formed around 4.54 billion years ago by accretion from the solar nebula.", "History of Earth __knowledge__ Volcanic outgassing probably created the primordial atmosphere and then the ocean, but the early atmosphere contained almost no oxygen and so would not have supported known forms of life.", "Dickinsonia __knowledge__ Dickinsonia is a genus of iconic fossils of the Ediacaran biota.", "Dickinsonia __knowledge__ The individual \"Dickinsonia\" typically resembles a bilaterally symmetrical ribbed oval.", "Dickinsonia __knowledge__ Its affinities are presently unknown; its mode of growth is consistent with a bilaterian affinity, though some have suggested that it belongs to the fungi, or even an \"extinct kingdom\".", "Dickinsonia __knowledge__ \"Dickinsonia\" fossils are known only in the form of imprints and casts in sandstone beds.", "Dickinsonia __knowledge__ The specimens found range from a few millimetres to about in length, and from a fraction of a millimetre to a few millimetres thick.", "Dickinsonia __knowledge__ They are nearly bilaterally symmetric, segmented, round or oval in outline, slightly expanded to one end (i.e.", "Origin and function of meiosis __knowledge__ The origin and function of meiosis are fundamental to understanding the evolution of sexual reproduction in eukaryotes.", "Origin and function of meiosis __knowledge__ There is no current consensus among biologists on the questions of how sex in Eukaryotes arose in evolution, what basic function sexual reproduction serves, and why it is maintained, given the basic two-fold cost of sex.", "Origin and function of meiosis __knowledge__ It is clear that it evolved over 1.2 billion years ago, and that almost all species which are descendents of the original sexually reproducing species are still sexual reproducers, including plants, fungi, and animals.", "Origin and function of meiosis __knowledge__ Meiosis is a key event of the sexual cycle in Eukaryotes.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ A referendum on Scottish independence from the United Kingdom took place on 18 September 2014.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The referendum question, which voters answered with \"Yes\" or \"No\", was \"Should Scotland be an independent country?\"", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The \"No\" side won, with 2,001,926 (55.3%) voting against independence and 1,617,989 (44.7%) voting in favour.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The turnout of 84.6% was the highest recorded for an election or referendum in the United Kingdom since the introduction of universal suffrage.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The Scottish Independence Referendum Act 2013, setting out the arrangements for the referendum, was passed by the Scottish Parliament in November 2013, following an agreement between the Scottish Government and the United Kingdom government.", "United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, 2011 __knowledge__ The United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, also known as the UK-wide referendum on the Parliamentary voting system was held on Thursday 5 May 2011 (the same date as local elections in many areas) in the United Kingdom (UK) to choose the method of electing MPs at subsequent general elections as part of the Conservative – Liberal Democrat Coalition Agreement drawn up after the 2010 general election which had resulted in the first hung parliament since February 1974 and also indirectly in the aftermath of the 2009 expenses scandal under the provisions of the Parliamentary Voting System and Constituencies Act 2011 and was the first national referendum to be held under provisions laid out in the Political Parties, Elections and Referendums Act 2000.", "Aphanizomenon flos-aquae (dietary supplement) __knowledge__ Like other cyanobacteria and plants, AFA uses photosynthesis to produce the food material (glycogen) that is stored and utilized by the cell.", "Aphanizomenon flos-aquae (dietary supplement) __knowledge__ While plants' cell walls are mainly cellulose, AFA's\" \"cell walls are composed of peptidoglycan (carbohydrates and peptides), the typical cell wall material of bacteria.", "Aphanizomenon flos-aquae (dietary supplement) __knowledge__ Therefore, the designation \"cyanobacteria\" (Latin, cyano = blue-green) refers to the blue-green coloration of this bacterial subdivision, including AFA.", "Aphanizomenon flos-aquae (dietary supplement) __knowledge__ The cellular structure of AFA is that of a simple prokaryote.", "Aphanizomenon flos-aquae (dietary supplement) __knowledge__ Most cyanobacteria are highly efficient photosynthesizers, even more so than plants." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Extraterrestrial life __knowledge__ Extraterrestrial life, also called alien life (or, if it is a sentient or relatively complex individual, an \"extraterrestrial\" or \"alien\"), is life that occurs outside of Earth and that probably did not originate from Earth.", "Extraterrestrial life __knowledge__ These hypothetical life forms may range from simple prokaryotes to beings with civilizations far more advanced than humanity.", "Extraterrestrial life __knowledge__ The Drake equation speculates about the existence of intelligent life elsewhere in the universe.", "Extraterrestrial life __knowledge__ The science of extraterrestrial life in all its forms is known as exobiology.", "Extraterrestrial life __knowledge__ Since the mid-20th century, there has been an ongoing search for signs of extraterrestrial life.", "Extraterrestrial life __knowledge__ This encompasses a search for current and historic extraterrestrial life, and a narrower search for extraterrestrial intelligent life.", "Extraterrestrial life __knowledge__ Depending on the category of search, methods range from the analysis of telescope and specimen data to radios used to detect and send communication signals.", "Extraterrestrial life __knowledge__ The concept of extraterrestrial life, and particularly extraterrestrial intelligence, has had a major cultural impact, chiefly in works of science fiction.", "Extraterrestrial life __knowledge__ Over the years, science fiction communicated scientific ideas, imagined a wide range of possibilities, and influenced public interest in and perspectives of extraterrestrial life.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that appear in \"\".", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The characters are listed in alphabetical order.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ Most characters are seen in their classic appearance (Catwoman, Green Arrow), while others (Blue Beetle) have their current costume.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ Some have even been re-imagined for the show (the Outsiders).", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The characters are described below using in-universe tone.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ 'Mazing Man is a short man who dresses up as a superhero.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ In the \"Kitty Catastrophe\" segment of \"Four Star Spectacular\", he is the accident-prone catsitter for a couple named Owen and Fiona.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ It is apparent that Batman is his favorite superhero and the inspiration for his costume.", "Ben Huh __knowledge__ Ben Huh is a South-Korean-American internet entrepreneur and the CEO of The Cheezburger Network, which at its peak in 2010 received 375 million views a month across its 50 sites.", "Ben Huh __knowledge__ Huh was born in Seoul, South Korea and grew up in Rancho Cordova, California, attending Cordova High School there.", "Ben Huh __knowledge__ In 1999, Huh graduated from Northwestern University with a degree in journalism, although English was not his first language.", "Ben Huh __knowledge__ With regards to this, he said “I got a degree in a language I didn’t speak because I felt something in the power of media that attracted me.” The Web's influence on journalism was growing, and Huh decided to go into a career in the Internet.", "John Huh __knowledge__ John Huh (Korean: 허찬수, born May 21, 1990) is an American professional golfer who plays on the PGA Tour.", "John Huh __knowledge__ Huh was born in New York City to Korean parents.", "John Huh __knowledge__ He moved to South Korea shortly after his birth and he lived there for 12 years, then moved to Chicago, Illinois for three years, and then to Los Angeles, California.", "John Huh __knowledge__ He attended California State University, Northridge for two weeks before turning professional in 2008.", "John Huh __knowledge__ Huh left college due to the lack of core courses, preventing him from receiving a scholarship and being approved for NCAA competition.", "John Huh __knowledge__ Huh played on the Korean Tour for three years.", "Huh Young-man __knowledge__ Huh Young-man (born June 26, 1947) is a South Korean manhwa artist.", "Huh Young-man __knowledge__ Huh Young-man was born Heo Hyeong-man in present-day Yeosu, a far southern coastal city of South Jeolla Province, South Korea in 1947.", "Huh Young-man __knowledge__ He was the third child of eight children born to father Heo Jong (허종) and mother Park Ok-jeong (박옥정).", "Huh Young-man __knowledge__ Before and after the liberation of Korea from Japan in 1945, Huh's father had worked as a local policeman.", "Huh Young-man __knowledge__ When the Yeosu Rebellion occurred in 1948, Huh's family was in danger of being killed by the rebels.", "Huh Young-man __knowledge__ In contrast to Huh's father, his uncle was a communist, so that Huh's family was ironically protected by both sides.", "Wonder Woman (2017 film) __knowledge__ Wonder Woman is a 2017 American superhero film based on the DC Comics character of the same name, distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures.", "Wonder Woman (2017 film) __knowledge__ It is the fourth installment in the DC Extended Universe (DCEU).", "Wonder Woman (2017 film) __knowledge__ The film is directed by Patty Jenkins, with a screenplay by Allan Heinberg, from a story by Heinberg, Zack Snyder, and Jason Fuchs, and stars Gal Gadot as Diana Prince / Wonder Woman, alongside Chris Pine, Robin Wright, Danny Huston, David Thewlis, Connie Nielsen, and Elena Anaya.", "Wonder Woman (2017 film) __knowledge__ \"Wonder Woman\" is the second live action theatrical film featuring the titular character, following her debut in 2016's \"\".", "List of Alien characters __knowledge__ \"Alien\", a science-fiction action horror franchise, tells the story of humanity's ongoing encounters with Aliens: a hostile, endoparasitoid, extraterrestrial species.", "List of Alien characters __knowledge__ Set between the 21st and 24th centuries over several generations, the film series centers around a character ensemble's struggle for survival against the Aliens and against the greedy, unscrupulous megacorporation Weyland-Yutani.", "List of Alien characters __knowledge__ The main series consists of four films, \"Alien\" (1979), \"Aliens\" (1986), \"Alien 3\" (1992) and \"Alien Resurrection\" (1997), about Ellen Ripley's fight against the Aliens.", "List of Alien characters __knowledge__ Ripley is the sole survivor of an Alien rampage on the space freighter \"Nostromo\", which leads her to a series of conflicts with the species and Weyland-Yutani.", "Alien (creature in Alien franchise) __knowledge__ The \"Alien\" (also referred to as \"Xenomorph XX121\") is a fictional endoparasitoid extraterrestrial species that is the eponymous antagonist of the \"Alien\" film series.", "Alien (creature in Alien franchise) __knowledge__ The species made its debut in the film \"Alien\" (1979), and reappeared in the sequels \"Aliens\" (1986), \"Alien 3\" (1992), and \"Alien Resurrection\" (1997), as well as the crossover franchise \"Alien vs.", "Alien (creature in Alien franchise) __knowledge__ Predator\" (2004) and \"\" (2007).", "Alien (creature in Alien franchise) __knowledge__ A similar creature of a slightly different design named the \"Deacon\" makes a brief appearance in the Ridley Scott film \"Prometheus\" (2012).", "Alien (creature in Alien franchise) __knowledge__ Two species, one being a different but similar creature called a \"Neomorph\" and the other being a variation of the Xenomorph XX121 species appear in the sequel to \"Prometheus\", \"\" (2017), which reveals the potential origin of the species.", "Life __knowledge__ Life is a characteristic that distinguishes physical entities that do have biological processes, such as signaling and self-sustaining processes, from those that do not, either because such functions have ceased, or because they never had such functions and are classified as inanimate.", "Life __knowledge__ Various forms of life exist, such as plants, animals, fungi, protists, archaea, and bacteria.", "Life __knowledge__ The criteria can at times be ambiguous and may or may not define viruses, viroids, or potential artificial life as \"living\".", "Life __knowledge__ Biology is the primary science concerned with the study of life, although many other sciences are involved.", "Abiogenesis __knowledge__ Abiogenesis (British English: , ), biopoiesis, or informally the origin of life, is the natural process by which life arises from non-living matter, such as simple organic compounds.", "Abiogenesis __knowledge__ On Earth, the transition from non-living to living entities was not a single event but a gradual process of increasing complexity.", "Abiogenesis __knowledge__ Abiogenesis is studied through a combination of paleontology, chemistry, and extrapolation from the characteristics of modern organisms, and aims to determine how pre-life chemical reactions gave rise to life on Earth.", "Abiogenesis __knowledge__ The study of abiogenesis can be geophysical, chemical, or biological, with more recent approaches attempting a synthesis of all three, as life arose under conditions that are strikingly different from those on Earth today.", "Gaia hypothesis __knowledge__ The Gaia hypothesis ( , ), also known as the Gaia theory or the Gaia principle, proposes that living organisms interact with their inorganic surroundings on Earth to form a synergistic and self-regulating, complex system that helps to maintain and perpetuate the conditions for life on the planet.", "Gaia hypothesis __knowledge__ The hypothesis was formulated by the chemist James Lovelock and co-developed by the microbiologist Lynn Margulis in the 1970s.", "Gaia hypothesis __knowledge__ Lovelock named the idea after Gaia, the primordial goddess who personified the Earth in Greek mythology.", "Gaia hypothesis __knowledge__ In 2006, the Geological Society of London awarded Lovelock the Wollaston Medal in part for his work on the Gaia hypothesis.", "Evolution of metal ions in biological systems __knowledge__ Evolution of metal ions in biological systems refers to the incorporation of metallic ions into living organisms and how it has changed over time.", "Evolution of metal ions in biological systems __knowledge__ Metal ions have been associated with biological systems for billions of years, but only in the last century have scientists began to truly appreciate the scale of their influence.", "Evolution of metal ions in biological systems __knowledge__ Major (iron, manganese, magnesium and zinc) and minor (copper, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum, tungsten) metal ions have become aligned with living organisms through the interplay of biogeochemical weathering and metabolic pathways involving the products of that weathering.", "Evolution of metal ions in biological systems __knowledge__ The associated complexes have evolved over time.", "Cambrian explosion __knowledge__ The Cambrian explosion or Cambrian radiation was the event of approximately in the Cambrian period when most major animal phyla appeared in the fossil record.", "Cambrian explosion __knowledge__ It resulted in the divergence of most modern metazoan phyla.", "Cambrian explosion __knowledge__ The event was accompanied by major diversification of other organisms.", "Cambrian explosion __knowledge__ Before the Cambrian explosion, most organisms were simple, composed of individual cells occasionally organized into colonies.", "Cambrian explosion __knowledge__ Over the following 70 to 80 million years, the rate of diversification accelerated, and the variety of life began to resemble that of today.", "Cambrian explosion __knowledge__ Almost all present animal phyla appeared during this period.", "Biology __knowledge__ Biology is the natural science that involves the study of life and living organisms, including their physical structure, chemical composition, function, development and evolution.", "Biology __knowledge__ Modern biology is a vast field, composed of many branches.", "Biology __knowledge__ Despite the broad scope and the complexity of the science, there are certain unifying concepts that consolidate it into a single, coherent field.", "Biology __knowledge__ Biology recognizes the cell as the basic unit of life, genes as the basic unit of heredity, and evolution as the engine that propels the creation of new species.", "Biology __knowledge__ Living organisms are open systems that survive by transforming energy and decreasing their local entropy to maintain a stable and vital condition defined as homeostasis.", "Organism __knowledge__ In biology, an organism (from Greek: οργανισμός, \"organismos\") is any individual entity that exhibits the properties of life.", "Organism __knowledge__ It is a synonym for \"life form\".", "Organism __knowledge__ Organisms are classified by taxonomy into specified groups such as the multicellular animals, plants, and fungi; or unicellular microorganisms such as a protists, bacteria, and archaea.", "Organism __knowledge__ All types of organisms are capable of reproduction, growth and development, maintenance, and some degree of response to stimuli.", "Organism __knowledge__ Humans are multicellular animals composed of many trillions of cells which differentiate during development into specialized tissues and organs." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Extraterrestrial life __knowledge__ Extraterrestrial life, also called alien life (or, if it is a sentient or relatively complex individual, an \"extraterrestrial\" or \"alien\"), is life that occurs outside of Earth and that probably did not originate from Earth.", "Extraterrestrial life __knowledge__ These hypothetical life forms may range from simple prokaryotes to beings with civilizations far more advanced than humanity.", "Extraterrestrial life __knowledge__ The Drake equation speculates about the existence of intelligent life elsewhere in the universe.", "Extraterrestrial life __knowledge__ The science of extraterrestrial life in all its forms is known as exobiology.", "Extraterrestrial life __knowledge__ Since the mid-20th century, there has been an ongoing search for signs of extraterrestrial life.", "Extraterrestrial life __knowledge__ This encompasses a search for current and historic extraterrestrial life, and a narrower search for extraterrestrial intelligent life.", "Extraterrestrial life __knowledge__ Depending on the category of search, methods range from the analysis of telescope and specimen data to radios used to detect and send communication signals.", "Extraterrestrial life __knowledge__ The concept of extraterrestrial life, and particularly extraterrestrial intelligence, has had a major cultural impact, chiefly in works of science fiction.", "Extraterrestrial life __knowledge__ Over the years, science fiction communicated scientific ideas, imagined a wide range of possibilities, and influenced public interest in and perspectives of extraterrestrial life.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ Ha Dong-hoon (; born on August 20, 1979), better known by his stage name Haha (), is a South Korean singer, variety show host and member of Skull & Haha.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ He is best known for being in the sitcom, \"Nonstop\" and for co-hosting two popular variety programs, MBC's \"Infinite Challenge\" and SBS's \"Running Man\".", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ He has also hosted his own show, titled \"Ya Man TV\" on Mnet in 2015.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ Haha was born on August 20, 1979 in Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, West Germany and moved to Seoul, South Korea when he was an infant.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ His parents are both Korean, with his mother holding a doctorate in psychology, and he has an older sister, Ha Juri () who is a pianist, also with a doctorate.", "Running Man Brothers __knowledge__ Running Man Brothers is a South Korean pop duo, which is named after the South Korean television show \"Running Man\".", "Running Man Brothers __knowledge__ The group is composed of cast members Kim Jong-kook and Haha and was formed in 2014.", "Running Man Brothers __knowledge__ Kim and Haha are regular cast members on the variety show \"Running Man\", which started airing in 2010, and they have been called it's favorite \"duo.\"", "Running Man Brothers __knowledge__ Although Yoo Jae-suk is the star of the show, Kim and Haha have been written of as the \"spice\" of the show, with references to Kim's \"boyish likeability, upbeat personality and masculinity\" and Haha for \"his insatiable sense of humor and free spirit,\" and together are called \"the musical duo.\"", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ The following is list of characters the appear in the cartoon series, \"Generator Rex\".", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ Ricardo \"Rex\" Salazar is a young human-looking E.V.O, but unlike other E.V.O.s, Rex has the ability to control his nanites at will, allowing him to cure other E.V.O.s of their mutations and use his nanites to create a variety of machines on his body and communicate with a variety of machines.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ Rex is overconfident, impulsive, and typically, rebellious.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ He has a quick wit and is constantly making jokes.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ However, when Rex needs to defend himself, he doesn't hold back.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ He prefers to smash anything that gets in his way.", "Haha Sound __knowledge__ Haha Sound is the second studio album by British indie electronic band Broadcast.", "Haha Sound __knowledge__ It was released on 11 August 2003 by Warp Records.", "Haha Sound __knowledge__ \"Haha Sound\" was released to critical acclaim and became their first charting album in the United States, reaching the top ten of the Top Dance/Electronic Albums chart.", "Haha Sound __knowledge__ Online music magazine \"Pitchfork\" placed \"Haha Sound\" at number 121 on their list of top 200 albums of the 2000s.", "Haha Sound __knowledge__ In November 2007, \"Haha Sound\" was listed as one of \"The Guardian\"s \"1000 Albums to Listen to Before You Die\".", "Haha Sound __knowledge__ In his review for \"Jockey Slut\", Paul Clarke called the album \"a dizzying ride\".", "2013 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The 2013 Alabama Crimson Tide football team (variously \"Alabama\", \"UA\", \"Bama\" or \"The Tide\") represented the University of Alabama in the 2013 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2013 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ It was the Crimson Tide's 119th overall season, 80th as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) and its 22nd within the SEC Western Division.", "2013 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The team was led by head coach Nick Saban, in his seventh year, and played its home games at Bryant–Denny Stadium in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.", "2013 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ They finished the season with a record of eleven wins and two losses (11–2 overall, 7–1 in the SEC) and with a loss in the 2014 Sugar Bowl to Oklahoma.", "Drug War (film) __knowledge__ Drug War () is a Chinese-Hong Kong crime thriller film directed and produced by Johnnie To.", "Drug War (film) __knowledge__ The film stars Sun Honglei as Police Captain Zhang, who partners with a drug lord named Timmy Choi (Louis Koo) after Choi is arrested.", "Drug War (film) __knowledge__ To avoid the death penalty, Choi agrees to reveal information about his partners' methamphetamine ring.", "Drug War (film) __knowledge__ Zhang starts to harbor doubts about Choi's honesty as the police begin to take on the drug ring.", "Drug War (film) __knowledge__ The film premiered at the Rome Film Festival on November 15, 2012.", "Drug War (film) __knowledge__ It has received positive reviews.", "Drug War (film) __knowledge__ Fleeing from an explosion at his drug production facility, Choi crashes his car into a restaurant and as he revives he is captured by Captain Zhang Lei.", "Political positions of John McCain __knowledge__ U.S.", "Political positions of John McCain __knowledge__ Senator John McCain (R-AZ), a member of the U.S. Congress since 1983, a two-time U.S. presidential candidate, and the nominee of the Republican Party in the 2008 U.S. Presidential election, has taken positions on many political issues through his public comments, his presidential campaign statements, and his senatorial voting record.", "Political positions of John McCain __knowledge__ Online, McCain uses his Senate web site and his 2008 campaign web site to describe his political positions.", "Political positions of John McCain __knowledge__ Regarding the general notion of consistency of political positions over time, McCain said in June 2008: \"My principles and my practice and my voting record are very clear.", "Alien (franchise) __knowledge__ Alien is an American science-fiction horror media franchise centered on the film series depicting Warrant Officer Ellen Ripley (played by Sigourney Weaver) and her battles with an extraterrestrial lifeform, commonly referred to as \"the Alien\", and depicting android David 8 (portrayed by Michael Fassbender) and his experimentation in creating said lifeform.", "Alien (franchise) __knowledge__ Produced and distributed by 20th Century Fox, the series began with \"Alien\" (1979), directed by Ridley Scott.", "Alien (franchise) __knowledge__ It was followed by three sequels, \"Aliens\" (1986), \"Alien 3\" (1992), and \"Alien Resurrection\" (1997).", "Alien (franchise) __knowledge__ Scott also directed a prequel series, composed of \"Prometheus\" (2012) and \"\" (2017).", "Star Trek (film) __knowledge__ Star Trek is a 2009 American science fiction adventure film directed by J. J. Abrams and written by Roberto Orci and Alex Kurtzman.", "Star Trek (film) __knowledge__ It is the eleventh film in the \"Star Trek\" film franchise, and is also a reboot that features the main characters of the portrayed by a new cast, as the first in the rebooted film series.", "Star Trek (film) __knowledge__ The film follows James T. Kirk (Chris Pine) and Spock (Zachary Quinto) aboard USS \"Enterprise\" as they combat Nero (Eric Bana), a Romulan from their future who threatens the United Federation of Planets.", "Star Trek (film) __knowledge__ The story takes place in an alternate reality because of time travel by both Nero and the original Spock (Leonard Nimoy).", "Predator (franchise) __knowledge__ The Predator film series is a science fiction action horror film franchise based on a race of fictional extraterrestrials created by Jim Thomas and John Thomas.", "Predator (franchise) __knowledge__ Produced by 20th Century Fox, the series started in 1987 with the film \"Predator\", which led to two sequels and novel, comic book and video game spin-offs.", "Predator (franchise) __knowledge__ Related to the franchise is the \"Alien vs.", "Predator (franchise) __knowledge__ Predator\", which combine the titular Predator with the creatures from the \"Alien\" film series.", "Predator (franchise) __knowledge__ \"Predator\" was John McTiernan's second studio film as director.", "Predator (franchise) __knowledge__ The studio hired screenplay writer Shane Black to not only play a supporting role in the film, but to keep an eye on McTiernan due to the director's inexperience.", "Alien (film) __knowledge__ Alien is a 1979 science fiction horror film directed by Ridley Scott, and starring Sigourney Weaver, Tom Skerritt, Veronica Cartwright, Harry Dean Stanton, John Hurt, Ian Holm and Yaphet Kotto.", "Alien (film) __knowledge__ It is the first movie in what became a large \"Alien\" franchise.", "Alien (film) __knowledge__ The film's title refers to a highly aggressive extraterrestrial creature that stalks and attacks the crew of a spaceship.", "Alien (film) __knowledge__ Dan O'Bannon, drawing upon previous works of science fiction and horror, wrote the screenplay from a story he co-authored with Ronald Shusett.", "Alien (film) __knowledge__ The film was produced by Gordon Carroll, David Giler and Walter Hill through their company Brandywine Productions, and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.", "Alien (creature in Alien franchise) __knowledge__ The \"Alien\" (also referred to as \"Xenomorph XX121\") is a fictional endoparasitoid extraterrestrial species that is the eponymous antagonist of the \"Alien\" film series.", "Alien (creature in Alien franchise) __knowledge__ The species made its debut in the film \"Alien\" (1979), and reappeared in the sequels \"Aliens\" (1986), \"Alien 3\" (1992), and \"Alien Resurrection\" (1997), as well as the crossover franchise \"Alien vs.", "Alien (creature in Alien franchise) __knowledge__ Predator\" (2004) and \"\" (2007).", "Alien (creature in Alien franchise) __knowledge__ A similar creature of a slightly different design named the \"Deacon\" makes a brief appearance in the Ridley Scott film \"Prometheus\" (2012).", "Alien (creature in Alien franchise) __knowledge__ Two species, one being a different but similar creature called a \"Neomorph\" and the other being a variation of the Xenomorph XX121 species appear in the sequel to \"Prometheus\", \"\" (2017), which reveals the potential origin of the species.", "Alien vs. Predator __knowledge__ Alien vs.", "Alien vs. Predator __knowledge__ Predator (also known as Aliens vs.", "Alien vs. Predator __knowledge__ Predator, abbreviated AvP or AVP) is a science fiction horror franchise spanning several media.", "Alien vs. Predator __knowledge__ The series is a crossover between the \"Alien\" and \"Predator\" franchises.", "Alien vs. Predator __knowledge__ The franchise, which depicts the two species as being in conflict with one another, includes feature films, comics, novels, and computer/video games.", "Alien vs. Predator __knowledge__ There were also two \"Alien vs.", "Alien vs. Predator __knowledge__ Predator\" films produced, both critically panned yet being relative box office successes, and the development of a third film has been rumored over several years.", "Alien vs. Predator __knowledge__ The first \"Alien vs.", "Alien vs. Predator __knowledge__ Predator\" story was published by Dark Horse Comics in \"Dark Horse Presents\" #34–36 (November 1989 – February 1990).", "Alien invasion __knowledge__ The alien invasion or space invasion is a usual part of science fiction stories and film, in which extraterrestrials invade the Earth either to exterminate and supplant human life, enslave it under an intense state, harvest people for food, steal the planet's resources, or destroy the planet altogether.", "Alien invasion __knowledge__ The invasion scenario has been used as an allegory for a protest against military hegemony and the societal ills of the time.", "Alien invasion __knowledge__ H.G.", "Alien invasion __knowledge__ Wells' novel \"The War of the Worlds\" extended the invasion literature that was already common when science fiction was first emerging as a genre.", "Alien invasion __knowledge__ Prospects of invasion tended to vary with the state of current affairs, and current perceptions of threat." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Extraterrestrial life __knowledge__ Extraterrestrial life, also called alien life (or, if it is a sentient or relatively complex individual, an \"extraterrestrial\" or \"alien\"), is life that occurs outside of Earth and that probably did not originate from Earth.", "Extraterrestrial life __knowledge__ These hypothetical life forms may range from simple prokaryotes to beings with civilizations far more advanced than humanity.", "Extraterrestrial life __knowledge__ The Drake equation speculates about the existence of intelligent life elsewhere in the universe.", "Extraterrestrial life __knowledge__ The science of extraterrestrial life in all its forms is known as exobiology.", "Extraterrestrial life __knowledge__ Since the mid-20th century, there has been an ongoing search for signs of extraterrestrial life.", "Extraterrestrial life __knowledge__ This encompasses a search for current and historic extraterrestrial life, and a narrower search for extraterrestrial intelligent life.", "Extraterrestrial life __knowledge__ Depending on the category of search, methods range from the analysis of telescope and specimen data to radios used to detect and send communication signals.", "Extraterrestrial life __knowledge__ The concept of extraterrestrial life, and particularly extraterrestrial intelligence, has had a major cultural impact, chiefly in works of science fiction.", "Extraterrestrial life __knowledge__ Over the years, science fiction communicated scientific ideas, imagined a wide range of possibilities, and influenced public interest in and perspectives of extraterrestrial life.", "Peace journalism __knowledge__ Peace journalism has been developed from research that indicates that often news about conflict has a value bias toward violence.", "Peace journalism __knowledge__ It also includes practical methods for correcting this bias by producing journalism in both the mainstream and alternative media, and working with journalists, media professionals, audiences, and organizations in conflict.", "Peace journalism __knowledge__ This concept was proposed by Johan Galtung Other terms for this broad definition of peace journalism include conflict solution journalism, conflict sensitive journalism, constructive conflict coverage, and reporting the world.", "Peace journalism __knowledge__ War journalism is journalism about conflict that has a value bias towards violence and violent groups.", "Nonviolent video game __knowledge__ Nonviolent video games are video games characterized by little or no violence.", "Nonviolent video game __knowledge__ As the term is vague, game designers, developers, and marketers that describe themselves as non-violent video game makers, as well as certain reviewers and members of the non-violent gaming community, often employ it to describe games with \"comparatively\" little or no violence.", "Nonviolent video game __knowledge__ The definition has been applied flexibly to games in such purposive genres as the Christian video game, however a number of games at the fringe of the \"non-violence\" label can only be viewed as objectively violent.", "Nonviolent video game __knowledge__ The purposes behind the development of the nonviolent genre are primarily reactionary in nature.", "Video game controversies __knowledge__ Video game controversies are societal and scientific arguments about whether the content of video games change the behavior and attitudes of a player, and whether this is reflected in video game culture overall.", "Video game controversies __knowledge__ Since the early 2000s, advocates of video games have emphasized their use as an expressive medium, arguing for their protection under the laws governing freedom of speech and also as an educational tool.", "Video game controversies __knowledge__ Detractors argue that video games are harmful and therefore should be subject to legislative oversight and restrictions.", "Video game controversies __knowledge__ The positive and negative characteristics and effects of video games are the subject of scientific study.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Hillary Clinton, the nominee of the Democratic Party for president of the United States in 2016, has taken positions on political issues while serving as First Lady of Arkansas (1979–81; 1983–92), First Lady of the United States (1993–2001); as U.S.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Senator from New York (2001–2009); and serving as the United States Secretary of State (2009–2013).", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In accordance with longstanding custom, during her time as Secretary of State she largely avoided taking stances on most domestic political issues.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In 2015, she announced her candidacy for the presidency.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Clinton won the Democratic primaries and formally became the party's nominee at the 2016 Democratic National Convention.", "List of Shameless characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters from the British comedy-drama Shameless, created by Paul Abbott, which began broadcasting on Channel 4 in 2004.", "List of Shameless characters __knowledge__ The programme is set on the fictinal Chatsworth Estate in suburban Manchester and the surrounding area, and primarily follows the lives of the Gallagher family and the neighbouring Maguire family, and their friends and neighbours in the town's shops and local pub The Jockey.", "List of Shameless characters __knowledge__ The first series focuses on layabout Frank Gallagher and the lives of his six children, Fiona and boyfriend Steve, Lip, Ian, Carl, Debbie and Liam, and next-door neighbours, Kev and Veronica.", "The Hunger Games (film) __knowledge__ The Hunger Games is a 2012 American post-apocalyptic science fiction action adventure film directed by Gary Ross and based on the novel of the same name by Suzanne Collins.", "The Hunger Games (film) __knowledge__ It is the first installment in \"The Hunger Games\" film series and was produced by Nina Jacobson and Jon Kilik, with a screenplay by Ross, Collins, and Billy Ray.", "The Hunger Games (film) __knowledge__ The film stars Jennifer Lawrence, Josh Hutcherson, Liam Hemsworth, Woody Harrelson, Elizabeth Banks, Lenny Kravitz, Stanley Tucci, and Donald Sutherland.", "The Hunger Games (film) __knowledge__ The story takes place in a dystopian post-apocalyptic future in the nation of Panem, which is divided into 12 districts, where a boy and a girl from each district, between the ages of 12 and 18 must take part in The Hunger Games, a televised annual event in which the \"tributes\" of each district are required to fight to the death until there is only one survivor.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ Domenica is the daughter of Janice and Bobby Baccalieri.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ She was born sometime in 2005, after her parents got married.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ Getting her registered for a pre-school was the reason why Janice and Bobby were not able to take care of Junior the night he shot Tony.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ Domenica rode the amusement ride with her mother at the Feast of St. Elzéar when it broke.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ She longed for another ride and Tony later spun her around at the feast, to her joy.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ That year, Janice took Domenica to Satriale's Pork Store to demand that Tony make Bobby a capo.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ In 2007, Domenica played at the house near the lake when Tony, Carmela, Bobby, and Janice celebrated Tony's birthday.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "List of Farscape characters __knowledge__ This article contains information about fictional characters in the television series \"Farscape\".", "List of Farscape characters __knowledge__ John Robert Crichton, Jr. , played by Ben Browder, is an International Aeronautics and Space Administration (most commonly referred to on the show as IASA) astronaut who, in the opening few minutes of the pilot episode, is accidentally catapulted through a wormhole across the universe, thus setting the scene for the show as a whole.", "List of Farscape characters __knowledge__ As the only regularly appearing human on the show, he is the main focus and is the main character as he narrates the weekly credits and is the only character to appear in every episode.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ The Plame affair (also known as the CIA leak scandal and Plamegate) was a political scandal that revolved around journalist Robert Novak's public identification of Valerie Plame as a covert Central Intelligence Agency officer in 2003.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ In 2002, Plame wrote a memo to her superiors in which she expressed hesitation in recommending her husband, former diplomat Joseph C. Wilson, to the CIA for a mission to Niger to investigate claims that Iraq had arranged to purchase and import uranium from the country, but stated that he \"may be in a position to assist\".", "Plame affair __knowledge__ After President George W. Bush stated that \"Saddam Hussein recently sought significant quantities of uranium from Africa\" during the run-up to the 2003 invasion of Iraq, Wilson published a July 2003 op-ed in \"The New York Times\" stating his doubts during the mission that any such transaction with Iraq had taken place.", "List of Atomic Betty characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the animated television series \"Atomic Betty\".", "List of Atomic Betty characters __knowledge__ Betty Barrett (Tajja Isen) is the main protagonist of the series.", "List of Atomic Betty characters __knowledge__ On Earth, to most of her friends and family, she is a twelve-year-old typical middle school student who is highly athletic and loves almost every sport she tries.", "List of Atomic Betty characters __knowledge__ She also enjoys visiting her grandmother, daydreaming about living in the galaxy, singing in her band, goofing off, and hanging out with her friends.", "List of Atomic Betty characters __knowledge__ She is not afraid to speak her mind, either, and dislikes any form of bullying, snobbery, and injustice.", "List of Atomic Betty characters __knowledge__ However, when there is trouble in deep space, she captains her own star-cruiser as Atomic Betty, a famously powerful and beautiful female Galactic Guardian and defender of the cosmos.", "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy Tertiary to Quintessential Phases __knowledge__ The Tertiary Phase, Quandary Phase and Quintessential Phase are respectively the third, fourth and fifth series of \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\" radio series.", "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy Tertiary to Quintessential Phases __knowledge__ Produced in 2003 and 2004 by Above the Title Productions for BBC Radio 4, they are radio adaptations of the third, fourth, and fifth books in Douglas Adams' \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\" series: \"Life, the Universe and Everything\"; \"So Long, and Thanks For All the Fish\"; and \"Mostly Harmless\".", "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy Tertiary to Quintessential Phases __knowledge__ These radio series consisted of a total of fourteen episodes, following on from the twelve episodes from the original two series (the Primary and Secondary Phases) which originally aired in 1978 and 1980.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of supporting characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ is a fictional character in the anime \"Tenchi Muyo!\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ OVA In the OVA, Katsuhito, also known as , fled Jurai over 700 years ago to \"retire\" on Earth.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ He was once the greatest swordsman on Jurai.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ Currently Katsuhito is a Shinto priest who is not only training Tenchi to be a Shinto priest but also training him in Jurai swordsmanship.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ Yōshō had a marriage arranged with half-sister Ayeka, but left.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ At the time, not all Juraians liked the idea of mixed blood heritages (he is part human, on his mother's side) and he used Ryōko's attack as an excuse to slip away to Earth.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company." ] ]

[ 2, 24, 40, 62, 10 ]

[ "Yes, I think so. It may only be at a simple prokaryote level though", "Yes - they are thought to be one of the first ever living organisms", "Something like the Aliens in the film franchise?", "Yeah - something less likely to attack spaceship crew!", "Are you a peaceful person usually? Do you believe news about conflict promotes violence?" ]

[ "Extraterrestrial life", "Extraterrestrial life", "Extraterrestrial life", "Extraterrestrial life", "Extraterrestrial life" ]

[ "Veganism", "Why so? Part of the vegan community do it because eating plant based is healthier than the usual American diet.", "Yes in that sense I agree with you but like with anything extremism is not a good thing and exists everywhere." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Veganism __knowledge__ Veganism is both the practice of abstaining from the use of animal products, particularly in diet, and an associated philosophy that rejects the commodity status of animals.", "Veganism __knowledge__ A follower of either the diet or the philosophy is known as a vegan ( ).", "Veganism __knowledge__ Distinctions are sometimes made between several categories of veganism.", "Veganism __knowledge__ \"Dietary vegans\" (or strict vegetarians) refrain from consuming animal products, not only meat but also eggs, dairy products and other animal-derived substances.", "Veganism __knowledge__ The term \"ethical vegan\" is often applied to those who not only follow a vegan diet but extend the philosophy into other areas of their lives, and oppose the use of animals for any purpose.", "Veganism __knowledge__ Another term is \"environmental veganism\", which refers to the avoidance of animal products on the premise that the harvesting or industrial farming of animals is environmentally damaging and unsustainable.", "Veganism __knowledge__ Well-planned vegan diets can reduce the risk of some types of chronic disease, including heart disease.", "Veganism __knowledge__ They are regarded as appropriate for all stages of life including during infancy and pregnancy by the American Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, Dietitians of Canada, and the British Dietetic Association.", "Veganism __knowledge__ The German Society for Nutrition does not recommend vegan diets for children, adolescents nor during pregnancy and breastfeeding." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Veganism __knowledge__ Veganism is both the practice of abstaining from the use of animal products, particularly in diet, and an associated philosophy that rejects the commodity status of animals.", "Veganism __knowledge__ A follower of either the diet or the philosophy is known as a vegan ( ).", "Veganism __knowledge__ Distinctions are sometimes made between several categories of veganism.", "Veganism __knowledge__ \"Dietary vegans\" (or strict vegetarians) refrain from consuming animal products, not only meat but also eggs, dairy products and other animal-derived substances.", "Veganism __knowledge__ The term \"ethical vegan\" is often applied to those who not only follow a vegan diet but extend the philosophy into other areas of their lives, and oppose the use of animals for any purpose.", "Veganism __knowledge__ Another term is \"environmental veganism\", which refers to the avoidance of animal products on the premise that the harvesting or industrial farming of animals is environmentally damaging and unsustainable.", "Veganism __knowledge__ Well-planned vegan diets can reduce the risk of some types of chronic disease, including heart disease.", "Veganism __knowledge__ They are regarded as appropriate for all stages of life including during infancy and pregnancy by the American Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, Dietitians of Canada, and the British Dietetic Association.", "Veganism __knowledge__ The German Society for Nutrition does not recommend vegan diets for children, adolescents nor during pregnancy and breastfeeding.", "Vegan nutrition __knowledge__ Vegan nutrition refers to the nutritional aspects of vegan diets – diets which include no animal products.", "Vegan nutrition __knowledge__ While a well-planned, balanced vegan diet is suitable to meet all recommendations for nutrients in every stage of life, improperly-planned vegan diets may be deficient in vitamin B, vitamin D, calcium, iodine, iron, zinc, riboflavin (vitamin B), long-chain fatty acids EPA and DHA, and omega-3 fatty acids.", "Vegan nutrition __knowledge__ Doctors Dean Ornish, T. Colin Campbell, John A. McDougall, Michael Klaper, Caldwell Esselstyn, Michael Greger, Joel Fuhrman, and Neal D. Barnard claim that high animal fat and protein diets, such as the standard American diet, are detrimental to health.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism is the practice of abstaining from the consumption of meat (red meat, poultry, seafood, and the flesh of any other animal), and may also include abstention from by-products of animal slaughter.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism may be adopted for various reasons.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Many people object to eating meat out of respect for sentient life.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Such ethical motivations have been codified under various religious beliefs, as well as animal rights advocacy.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Other motivations for vegetarianism are health-related, political, environmental, cultural, aesthetic, economic, or personal preference.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ There are variations of the diet as well: an ovo-lacto vegetarian diet includes both eggs and dairy products, an ovo-vegetarian diet includes eggs but not dairy products, and a lacto-vegetarian diet includes dairy products but not eggs.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cat food is food for consumption by cats.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cats have specific requirements for their dietary nutrients.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Certain nutrients, including many vitamins and amino acids, are degraded by the temperatures, pressures and chemical treatments used during manufacture, and hence must be added after manufacture to avoid nutritional deficiency.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The amino acid taurine, for example, which is found in meat, is degraded during processing, so synthetic taurine is normally added afterwards.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Long-term taurine deficiency may result in retinal degeneration, loss of vision, and cardiac arrest.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The idea of preparing specialized food for cats came later than for dogs (see dog biscuits and dog food).", "Vegetarianism by country __knowledge__ This article deals with vegetarianism and veganism by country, comparing the prevalence of vegetarianism and veganism in each country when sources are available by the number of vegetarians and vegans, and listing food standards, laws and general cultural attitudes.", "Vegetarianism by country __knowledge__ Some countries have strong cultural or religious traditions that promote vegetarianism, such as in India, while in other countries secular ethical concerns dominate, including animal rights and environmental protection, along with health concerns.", "Vegetarianism by country __knowledge__ In many countries, food labeling laws make it easier for vegetarians to identify foods compatible with their diets.", "List of vegetarian festivals __knowledge__ This is a list of vegetarian and vegan festivals, held in numerous locations around the globe to promote veganism and/or vegetarianism among the public and support and link individuals and organizations that practice, promote or endorse veganism or vegetarianism.", "List of vegetarian festivals __knowledge__ Many of them are also food festivals and/or music festivals and can also contain edutainment.", "List of vegetarian festivals __knowledge__ Vegfest 2015 was organized by the Vegetarian Association of Ghana.", "List of vegetarian festivals __knowledge__ Hong Kong Vegfest started in 2013 organized by the Hong Kong Vegan Association.", "List of vegetarian festivals __knowledge__ The festival organisers stipulate only vegan products be offered at the event by vendors.", "List of vegetarian festivals __knowledge__ Admission is free to attendees.", "Vegetarianism and religion __knowledge__ Vegetarianism is strongly linked with a number of religions that originated in ancient India (Jainism, Hinduism and Buddhism).", "Vegetarianism and religion __knowledge__ In Jainism, vegetarianism is mandatory for everyone; in Hinduism and Mahayana Buddhism, it is advocated by some influential scriptures and religious authorities.", "Vegetarianism and religion __knowledge__ Comparatively, in the Abrahamic religions (Judaism, Christianity, and Islam), the Bahá'í Faith and Dharmic religions such as Sikhism, vegetarianism is not promoted by mainstream authorities, although in all these faiths there are small groups actively promoting vegetarianism on religious grounds.", "Vegetarianism and religion __knowledge__ Most Indian religions have philosophical schools that forbid consumption of meat and Jainism institutes an outright ban on the same.", "Animal (De)liberation __knowledge__ Animal (De)liberation: Should the Consumption of Animal Products Be Banned?", "Animal (De)liberation __knowledge__ is a 2016 book, written by Jan Deckers and published by Ubiquity Press.", "Animal (De)liberation __knowledge__ The book engages with the work of many scholars who have written on the subject, including Carol Adams, Alasdair Cochrane, Gary Francione, Melanie Joy, Martha Nussbaum, and Peter Singer, as well as with the views of non-specialists, including slaughterhouse workers involved with the film \"Slaughterhouse: The Task of Blood\", released by Century Films in 2005.", "Animal (De)liberation __knowledge__ The key question dealt with in the book is whether the consumption of products derived from the bodies of animals should be banned.", "Narcissistic personality disorder __knowledge__ Narcissistic personality disorder (NPD) is a personality disorder in which there is a long-term pattern of abnormal behavior characterized by exaggerated feelings of self-importance, an excessive need for admiration, and a lack of understanding of others' feelings.", "Narcissistic personality disorder __knowledge__ People affected by it often spend a lot of time thinking about achieving power or success, or about their appearance.", "Narcissistic personality disorder __knowledge__ They often take advantage of the people around them.", "Narcissistic personality disorder __knowledge__ The behavior typically begins by early adulthood, and occurs across a variety of situations.", "Narcissistic personality disorder __knowledge__ The cause of narcissistic personality disorder is unknown.", "Narcissistic personality disorder __knowledge__ It is a personality disorder classified within cluster B by the \"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders\".", "Otto F. Kernberg __knowledge__ Otto Friedmann Kernberg (born 10 September 1928) is a psychoanalyst and professor of psychiatry at Weill Cornell Medical College.", "Otto F. Kernberg __knowledge__ He is most widely known for his psychoanalytic theories on borderline personality organization and narcissistic pathology.", "Otto F. Kernberg __knowledge__ In addition, his work has been central in integrating postwar ego psychology (which was primarily developed in the United States and the United Kingdom) with Kleinian and other object relations perspectives (which was developed primarily in the United Kingdom and South America).", "Otto F. Kernberg __knowledge__ His integrative writings were central to the development of modern object relations, a theory of mind that is perhaps the theory most widely accepted among modern psychoanalysts.", "Narcissism __knowledge__ Narcissism is the pursuit of gratification from vanity or egotistic admiration of one's own attributes.", "Narcissism __knowledge__ The term originated from Greek mythology, where the young Narcissus fell in love with his own image reflected in a pool of water.", "Narcissism __knowledge__ Narcissism is a concept in psychoanalytic theory, which was popularly introduced in Sigmund Freud's essay \"On Narcissism\" (1914).", "Narcissism __knowledge__ The American Psychiatric Association has listed the classification narcissistic personality disorder in its \"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders\" (DSM) since 1968, drawing on the historical concept of megalomania.", "Narcissism __knowledge__ Narcissism is also considered a social or cultural problem.", "Narcissistic mortification __knowledge__ Narcissistic mortification is \"the primitive terror of self dissolution, triggered by the sudden exposure of one's sense of a defective self ... it is death by embarrassment\".", "Narcissistic mortification __knowledge__ Narcissistic mortification is a term first used by Sigmund Freud in his last book, \"Moses and Monotheism\", with respect to early injuries to the ego/self.", "Narcissistic mortification __knowledge__ The concept has been widely employed in ego psychology and also contributed to the roots of self psychology.", "Narcissistic mortification __knowledge__ When narcissistic mortification is experienced for the first time, it may be defined as a sudden loss of control over external or internal reality, or both.", "Narcissistic mortification __knowledge__ This produces strong emotions of terror while at the same time narcissistic libido (also known as ego-libido) or destrudo is built up.", "Vegaphobia __knowledge__ Vegaphobia (or vegephobia) is the aversion to and discrimination against vegetarian and vegan people.", "Vegaphobia __knowledge__ Some of the oldest episodes of aversion can be found in the 3rd and 4th centuries when Greek comedies are written where Pythagoras is despised of his choice of not eating meat.", "Vegaphobia __knowledge__ They then have episodes of persecution of vegetarians in China in the twelfth century as well as in the European medieval, where they were branded as heretics and persecuted by the Holy Inquisition.", "Vegaphobia __knowledge__ These persecutions are also detailed in the essay Pythagora's Supper by Erica Joy Mannucci.", "Vegaphobia __knowledge__ In recent times, Nazi Germany became the protagonist of the vegetarian persecution." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Veganism __knowledge__ Veganism is both the practice of abstaining from the use of animal products, particularly in diet, and an associated philosophy that rejects the commodity status of animals.", "Veganism __knowledge__ A follower of either the diet or the philosophy is known as a vegan ( ).", "Veganism __knowledge__ Distinctions are sometimes made between several categories of veganism.", "Veganism __knowledge__ \"Dietary vegans\" (or strict vegetarians) refrain from consuming animal products, not only meat but also eggs, dairy products and other animal-derived substances.", "Veganism __knowledge__ The term \"ethical vegan\" is often applied to those who not only follow a vegan diet but extend the philosophy into other areas of their lives, and oppose the use of animals for any purpose.", "Veganism __knowledge__ Another term is \"environmental veganism\", which refers to the avoidance of animal products on the premise that the harvesting or industrial farming of animals is environmentally damaging and unsustainable.", "Veganism __knowledge__ Well-planned vegan diets can reduce the risk of some types of chronic disease, including heart disease.", "Veganism __knowledge__ They are regarded as appropriate for all stages of life including during infancy and pregnancy by the American Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, Dietitians of Canada, and the British Dietetic Association.", "Veganism __knowledge__ The German Society for Nutrition does not recommend vegan diets for children, adolescents nor during pregnancy and breastfeeding.", "Value-form __knowledge__ The value-form or form of value () is a concept in Karl Marx's critique of political economy, Marxism and post-Marxism.", "Value-form __knowledge__ It refers to the \"social form\" of a commodity (any product traded in markets) as a symbol of value, which contrasts with its physical features, as a product which can satisfy some human need.", "Value-form __knowledge__ The physical appearance of a commodity is directly observable, but the meaning of its social form is not.", "Value-form __knowledge__ Narrating the paradoxical oddities and metaphysical niceties of ordinary things when they become instruments of trade, Marx seeks to provide a brief morphology of the category of economic value as such - what its substance really is, the forms which this substance takes, and how its magnitude is determined or expressed.", "Discworld gods __knowledge__ The Discworld gods are the fictional deities from Terry Pratchett's \"Discworld\" series of fantasy novels.", "Discworld gods __knowledge__ The Discworld, being a flat disc supported on the backs of four elephants on top of a giant flying turtle, exists in a region of the universe where reality is somewhat less consistent than it appears in our own, more mundane corner of existence.", "Discworld gods __knowledge__ Because reality on the Disc is so fragile and malleable, belief has a tendency to take on a life of its own, and gods are far more obvious to the people of the Disc than they appear to us.", "Discworld gods __knowledge__ Gods are everywhere on the Discworld, a crucial element of the world's peculiar ecology that gives power to belief and demands resolution to any and all narratives.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ There are many varieties of criticism.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ This article describes common types that occur regularly in everyday life.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ For other criteria that classify criticisms, see this page.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ For more subject-specific information, see the pages on topics such as art, film, literature, theatre, or architecture.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ Aesthetic criticism is a part of aesthetics concerned with critically judging beauty and ugliness, tastefulness and tastelessness, style and fashion, meaning and quality of design—and issues of human sentiment and affect (the evoking of pleasure and pain, likes and dislikes).", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ Most parts of human life have an aesthetic dimension, which means there is plenty potential for criticism.", "Good __knowledge__ In its most general context, the concept of good denotes that conduct which is to be preferred and prescribed by society and its social constituents as beneficial and useful to the social needs of society and its preferred conventions.", "Good __knowledge__ Good is generally considered to be the opposite of evil.", "Good __knowledge__ The concept is of interest in the study of morality, ethics, religion and philosophy, and the specific meaning and etiology of the term and its associated translations among ancient and contemporary languages has varied substantially in its inflected meaning depending on circumstances of place, history, religious context and philosophical context.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ The films listed below have been cited by a variety of notable critics in varying media sources as being among the worst films ever made.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ Examples of such sources include Metacritic, Roger Ebert's list of most-hated films, \"The Golden Turkey Awards\", \"Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide\", Rotten Tomatoes, the Stinkers Bad Movie Awards, \"Mystery Science Theater 3000\", and the Golden Raspberry Awards (\"Razzies\").", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ \"Reefer Madness\" (originally released as \"Tell Your Children\" and sometimes titled or subtitled as \"The Burning Question\", \"Dope Addict\", \"Doped Youth\", and \"Love Madness\") is a 1936 American exploitation film and propaganda work revolving around the melodramatic events that ensue when high school students are lured by pushers to try marijuana—from a hit and run accident, to manslaughter, suicide, attempted rape, and descent into madness.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Hillary Clinton, the nominee of the Democratic Party for president of the United States in 2016, has taken positions on political issues while serving as First Lady of Arkansas (1979–81; 1983–92), First Lady of the United States (1993–2001); as U.S.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Senator from New York (2001–2009); and serving as the United States Secretary of State (2009–2013).", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In accordance with longstanding custom, during her time as Secretary of State she largely avoided taking stances on most domestic political issues.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In 2015, she announced her candidacy for the presidency.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Clinton won the Democratic primaries and formally became the party's nominee at the 2016 Democratic National Convention.", "Animal rights __knowledge__ Animal rights is the idea in which some, or all, non-human animals are entitled to the possession of their own lives and that their most basic interests—such as the need to avoid suffering—should be afforded the same consideration as similar interests of human beings.", "Animal rights __knowledge__ Advocates oppose the assignment of moral value and fundamental protections on the basis of species membership alone—an idea known since 1970 as speciesism, when the term was coined by Richard D. Ryder—arguing that it is a prejudice as irrational as any other.", "Animal rights __knowledge__ They maintain that animals should no longer be viewed as property or used as food, clothing, research subjects, entertainment, or beasts of burden.", "Animal (De)liberation __knowledge__ Animal (De)liberation: Should the Consumption of Animal Products Be Banned?", "Animal (De)liberation __knowledge__ is a 2016 book, written by Jan Deckers and published by Ubiquity Press.", "Animal (De)liberation __knowledge__ The book engages with the work of many scholars who have written on the subject, including Carol Adams, Alasdair Cochrane, Gary Francione, Melanie Joy, Martha Nussbaum, and Peter Singer, as well as with the views of non-specialists, including slaughterhouse workers involved with the film \"Slaughterhouse: The Task of Blood\", released by Century Films in 2005.", "Animal (De)liberation __knowledge__ The key question dealt with in the book is whether the consumption of products derived from the bodies of animals should be banned.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism is the practice of abstaining from the consumption of meat (red meat, poultry, seafood, and the flesh of any other animal), and may also include abstention from by-products of animal slaughter.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism may be adopted for various reasons.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Many people object to eating meat out of respect for sentient life.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Such ethical motivations have been codified under various religious beliefs, as well as animal rights advocacy.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Other motivations for vegetarianism are health-related, political, environmental, cultural, aesthetic, economic, or personal preference.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ There are variations of the diet as well: an ovo-lacto vegetarian diet includes both eggs and dairy products, an ovo-vegetarian diet includes eggs but not dairy products, and a lacto-vegetarian diet includes dairy products but not eggs.", "Vegetarian ecofeminism __knowledge__ Vegetarian ecofeminism is an activist and academic movement which states that all types of oppression are linked and must be eradicated, with a focus on including the domination of humans over nonhuman animals.", "Vegetarian ecofeminism __knowledge__ Through the feminist concept known as intersectionality, it is recognized that sexism, racism, classism, and other forms of inter human oppression are all connected.", "Vegetarian ecofeminism __knowledge__ Vegetarian ecofeminism aims to include the domination of not only the environment but also of nonhuman animals to the list.", "Vegetarian ecofeminism __knowledge__ Vegetarian ecofeminism is part of the academic and philosophical field of ecofeminism, which states that the ways in which the privileged dominates the oppressed should include the way humans dominate nature.", "Straight edge __knowledge__ Straight edge (sometimes abbreviated sXe or signified by XXX or X) is a subculture of hardcore punk whose adherents refrain from using alcohol, tobacco and other recreational drugs, in reaction to the excesses of punk subculture.", "Straight edge __knowledge__ For some, this extends to refraining from engaging in promiscuous sex, following a vegetarian or vegan diet or not using caffeine or prescription drugs.", "Straight edge __knowledge__ The term \"straight edge\" was adopted from the 1981 song \"Straight Edge\" by the hardcore punk band Minor Threat.", "Straight edge __knowledge__ Straight edge emerged amid the early-1980s hardcore punk scene.", "Straight edge __knowledge__ Since then, a wide variety of beliefs and ideas have been associated with some members of the movement, including vegetarianism and animal rights.", "Vegetarian/vegan dog diet __knowledge__ Like the human practice of veganism, vegan dog foods are those formulated with the exclusion of ingredients that contain or were processed with any part of an animal, or any animal byproduct.", "Vegetarian/vegan dog diet __knowledge__ Vegan dog food may incorporate the use of fruits, vegetables, cereals, legumes, nuts, vegetable oils, soya, as well as any other non-animal based foods.", "Vegetarian/vegan dog diet __knowledge__ The omnivorous domestic canine has evolved to metabolize carbohydrates and thrive on a diet lower in protein, and therefore, a vegan diet may be substantial if properly formulated and balanced.", "Vegetarian/vegan dog diet __knowledge__ Vegetarianism may be defined as the practice of consuming foods that are primarily derived from plants, with or without dairy products, eggs, and/or honey." ] ]

[ 1, 10, 40 ]

[ "I think veganism is a bit narcissistic. The philosphy behind it I think elevates animals status illogically.", "The nutritional aspects of veganism are one thing. I'm just criticizing the near-religious attittude towards animal prodcuts for moral reasons.", "For example: I don't think that animals should be afforded the same rights as human beings." ]

[ "Veganism", "Veganism", "Veganism" ]

[ "Animal shelter\nI log animals more then people. I spend all my spare time helping at a local non-kill shelter. Do you have a dog or pet?", "That's awesome. So many cats get stuck at shelters because the bread so fast. We really need more non-kill shelters in the world. Animals need love.", "Wow, that's great. Some shelters make it far to hard to adopt which is also an issue. We are looking for a 2nd dog and the 3 closest shelters come to your house, want a bank statement, credit check ect.. to adopt a dog. It's crazy.", "The shelter I help at had very low fee's but they don't have younger dogs. I've see people adopt kids with less work.", "Yes, those are not needed. I was able to train my dog with treats for doing good and a squirt from a water bottle for doing something bad. Now she act's better then my child." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ An animal shelter or pound is a place where stray, lost, abandoned or surrendered animals, mostly dogs and cats, and sometimes sick or wounded wildlife are kept and rehabilitated.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ While no-kill shelters exist, it is sometimes policy to euthanize sick animals, and any animal that is not claimed quickly enough by a previous or new owner.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ In Europe, of 30 countries included in a survey, all but four (Czech republic, Germany, Greece, and Italy) permitted the killing of healthy stray dogs.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ Critics believe the new term \"animal shelter\" is generally a euphemism for the older term \"pound\".", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ The word \"pound\" had its origins in the animal pounds of agricultural communities, where stray livestock would be penned or impounded until claimed by their owners.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ Some shelters even have sick tropical animals.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ In the United States there is no government-run organization that provides oversight or regulation of the various shelters on a national basis.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ However, many individual states do regulate shelters within their jurisdiction.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ One of the earliest comprehensive measures was the \"Georgia Animal Protection Act\" of 1986.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ The law was enacted in response to the inhumane treatment of companion animals by a pet store chain in Atlanta.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A \"no-kill\" shelter is an animal shelter that does not kill healthy or treatable animals even when the shelter is full, reserving euthanasia for terminally ill animals or those considered dangerous to public safety.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A no-kill shelter uses many strategies to promote shelter animals; to expanding its resources using volunteers, housing and medical protocols; and to work actively to lower the number of homeless animals entering the shelter system.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A no-kill or limited admit shelter is a shelter that saves healthy, treatable and rehabilitatable animals.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ As a benchmark, at least 90% of the animals entering the shelter are expected to be saved.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ Pet adoption is the process of taking responsibility for a pet that a previous owner has abandoned or released to a shelter or rescue organization.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ Common sources for adoptable pets are animal shelters and rescue groups.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ Some organizations give adopters ownership of the pet, while others use a guardianship model wherein the organization retains some control over the animal's future use or care.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ Also available is online pet adoption.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ These sites have databases of pets being housed by thousands of animal shelters and rescue groups, and are searchable by the public.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ They include Petfinder.org and Adopt-a-Pet.com.", "Western Plains Animal Refuge __knowledge__ Western Plains Animal Refuge is a non-profit, no-kill shelter and wildlife rehabilitation center located in Hays, Kansas.", "Western Plains Animal Refuge __knowledge__ It was incorporated in 2006 by Jessica Braun, DVM, and Curt Braun after changes in Kansas wildlife rehabilitation requirements resulted in tougher requirements for wildlife rehabilitators in the state to operate.", "Western Plains Animal Refuge __knowledge__ As a result, an estimated 75% of the available rehabilitators were forced to close their doors.", "Western Plains Animal Refuge __knowledge__ At the same time, euthanasia rates for domestic animals in regional shelters were not improving, so it was the vision of the Brauns to provide a safe haven for injured, abandoned and suffering animals.", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ The Humane Society of the United States (HSUS), based in Washington, D.C., is an American nonprofit organization founded by journalist Fred Myers and Helen Jones, Larry Andrews, and Marcia Glaser in 1954, to address what they saw as animal-related cruelties of national scope, and to resolve animal welfare problems by applying strategies beyond the resources or abilities of local organizations.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ In 2013, the \"Chronicle of Philanthropy\" identified HSUS as the 136th largest charity in the United States in its Philanthropy 400 listing.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ As of 2001, the group's major campaigns targeted five issues: factory farming, animal fighting, the fur trade, puppy mills, and wildlife abuse.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA ; stylized PeTA) is an American animal rights organization based in Norfolk, Virginia, and led by Ingrid Newkirk, its international president.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ A nonprofit corporation with nearly 400 employees, it claims that it has 6.5 million members and supporters, in addition to claiming that it is the largest animal rights group in the world.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ Its slogan is \"Animals are not ours to eat, wear, experiment on, use for entertainment, or abuse in any other way.\"", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ Founded in March 1980 by Newkirk and fellow animal rights activist Alex Pacheco, the organization first caught the public's attention in the summer of 1981 during what became known as the Silver Spring monkeys case, a widely publicized dispute about experiments conducted on 17 macaque monkeys inside the Institute of Behavioral Research in Silver Spring, Maryland.", "American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals __knowledge__ The American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA) is a non-profit organization dedicated to preventing cruelty to animals.", "American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals __knowledge__ Based in New York City since its inception in 1866, the organization's mission is \"to provide effective means for the prevention of cruelty to animals throughout the United States.\"", "American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals __knowledge__ Following the creation of the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (RSPCA) in the United Kingdom in 1824 (given Royal status in 1840), Henry Bergh founded the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals on April 10, 1866 in New York City on the belief that animals are entitled to kind and respectful treatment at the hands of humans, and must be protected under the law." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ An animal shelter or pound is a place where stray, lost, abandoned or surrendered animals, mostly dogs and cats, and sometimes sick or wounded wildlife are kept and rehabilitated.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ While no-kill shelters exist, it is sometimes policy to euthanize sick animals, and any animal that is not claimed quickly enough by a previous or new owner.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ In Europe, of 30 countries included in a survey, all but four (Czech republic, Germany, Greece, and Italy) permitted the killing of healthy stray dogs.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ Critics believe the new term \"animal shelter\" is generally a euphemism for the older term \"pound\".", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ The word \"pound\" had its origins in the animal pounds of agricultural communities, where stray livestock would be penned or impounded until claimed by their owners.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ Some shelters even have sick tropical animals.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ In the United States there is no government-run organization that provides oversight or regulation of the various shelters on a national basis.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ However, many individual states do regulate shelters within their jurisdiction.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ One of the earliest comprehensive measures was the \"Georgia Animal Protection Act\" of 1986.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ The law was enacted in response to the inhumane treatment of companion animals by a pet store chain in Atlanta.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A \"no-kill\" shelter is an animal shelter that does not kill healthy or treatable animals even when the shelter is full, reserving euthanasia for terminally ill animals or those considered dangerous to public safety.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A no-kill shelter uses many strategies to promote shelter animals; to expanding its resources using volunteers, housing and medical protocols; and to work actively to lower the number of homeless animals entering the shelter system.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A no-kill or limited admit shelter is a shelter that saves healthy, treatable and rehabilitatable animals.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ As a benchmark, at least 90% of the animals entering the shelter are expected to be saved.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Overpopulation in domestic pets __knowledge__ Overpopulation in domestic pets refers to a surplus of domestic animals, such as cats, dogs, and exotic animals.", "Overpopulation in domestic pets __knowledge__ In the United States, a 6 to 8 million animals are brought to shelters each year, of which an estimated 3 to 4 million are subsequently euthanized, including 2.7 million considered healthy and adoptable.", "Overpopulation in domestic pets __knowledge__ Euthanasia numbers have declined from the 1970s, when U.S. shelters euthanized an estimated 12 to 20 million animals.", "Overpopulation in domestic pets __knowledge__ Most humane societies, animal shelters and rescue groups urge animal caregivers to have their animals spayed or neutered to prevent the births of unwanted and accidental litters that could contribute to this dynamic.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA ; stylized PeTA) is an American animal rights organization based in Norfolk, Virginia, and led by Ingrid Newkirk, its international president.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ A nonprofit corporation with nearly 400 employees, it claims that it has 6.5 million members and supporters, in addition to claiming that it is the largest animal rights group in the world.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ Its slogan is \"Animals are not ours to eat, wear, experiment on, use for entertainment, or abuse in any other way.\"", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ Founded in March 1980 by Newkirk and fellow animal rights activist Alex Pacheco, the organization first caught the public's attention in the summer of 1981 during what became known as the Silver Spring monkeys case, a widely publicized dispute about experiments conducted on 17 macaque monkeys inside the Institute of Behavioral Research in Silver Spring, Maryland.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ Pet adoption is the process of taking responsibility for a pet that a previous owner has abandoned or released to a shelter or rescue organization.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ Common sources for adoptable pets are animal shelters and rescue groups.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ Some organizations give adopters ownership of the pet, while others use a guardianship model wherein the organization retains some control over the animal's future use or care.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ Also available is online pet adoption.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ These sites have databases of pets being housed by thousands of animal shelters and rescue groups, and are searchable by the public.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ They include Petfinder.org and Adopt-a-Pet.com.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Types of tobacco __knowledge__ This article includes a list of tobacco cultivars and varieties.", "Types of tobacco __knowledge__ Aromatic Fire-cured smoking tobacco is a robust variety of tobacco used as a condimental for pipe blends.", "Types of tobacco __knowledge__ It is cured by smoking over gentle fires.", "Types of tobacco __knowledge__ In the United States, it is grown in northern middle Tennessee, western Kentucky and in Virginia.", "Types of tobacco __knowledge__ Fire-cured tobacco grown in Kentucky and Tennessee is used in some chewing tobaccos, moist snuff, some cigarettes and as a condiment leaf in pipe tobacco blends.", "Types of tobacco __knowledge__ It has a rich, slightly floral taste, and adds body and aroma to the blend.", "Types of tobacco __knowledge__ Another fire-cured tobacco is Latakia and is produced from oriental varieties of \"N. tabacum\".", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Y1 (tobacco) __knowledge__ Y1 is a strain of tobacco that was cross-bred by Brown & Williamson to obtain an unusually high nicotine content.", "Y1 (tobacco) __knowledge__ It became controversial in the 1990s when the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) used it as evidence that tobacco companies were intentionally manipulating the nicotine content of cigarettes.", "Y1 (tobacco) __knowledge__ Y1 has also been investigated by the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO).", "Y1 (tobacco) __knowledge__ Y1 was developed by tobacco plant researcher James Chapin, for Brown & Williamson (then a subsidiary of British American Tobacco) in the late 1970s, with the approval of the president at the time, Jimmie Carter.", "Trap-neuter-return __knowledge__ Trap-neuter-return (TNR) is a type of program through which free-roaming cats are trapped, sterilized (males are castrated and females undergo ovo-hysterectomies), and returned to the outdoor locations where they were found.", "Trap-neuter-return __knowledge__ If those locations are deemed unsafe or otherwise inappropriate, the cats may be relocated (barn/farmyard homes are often considered ideal).", "Trap-neuter-return __knowledge__ Kittens young enough to be socialized and friendly adult cats may be placed in foster care for eventual adoption into homes as companion animals rather than returned to the outdoors.", "Trap-neuter-return __knowledge__ Cats found suffering with terminal, untreatable, and/or contagious illnesses or injuries are often euthanized.", "List of Victorious characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the Nickelodeon sitcom Victorious.", "List of Victorious characters __knowledge__ The series centers on Tori Vega, a student of Hollywood Arts High School, who gets into wacky screwball situations on a daily basis.", "List of Victorious characters __knowledge__ Tori Vega (Victoria Justice) is the younger sister of Trina Vega and attends Hollywood Arts, a performing arts high school, along with her sister.", "List of Victorious characters __knowledge__ When Trina experiences an allergic reaction to a Chinese herb before a big showcase at school, Tori is volunteered by Andre to take her place since she knew the piece meant to be played.", "List of Victorious characters __knowledge__ Tori performs \"Make it Shine\" (the \"Victorious\" theme song) and everyone is impressed with her performance, including the principal, who offers her enrollment to the school.", "United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, 2011 __knowledge__ The United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, also known as the UK-wide referendum on the Parliamentary voting system was held on Thursday 5 May 2011 (the same date as local elections in many areas) in the United Kingdom (UK) to choose the method of electing MPs at subsequent general elections as part of the Conservative – Liberal Democrat Coalition Agreement drawn up after the 2010 general election which had resulted in the first hung parliament since February 1974 and also indirectly in the aftermath of the 2009 expenses scandal under the provisions of the Parliamentary Voting System and Constituencies Act 2011 and was the first national referendum to be held under provisions laid out in the Political Parties, Elections and Referendums Act 2000." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ An animal shelter or pound is a place where stray, lost, abandoned or surrendered animals, mostly dogs and cats, and sometimes sick or wounded wildlife are kept and rehabilitated.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ While no-kill shelters exist, it is sometimes policy to euthanize sick animals, and any animal that is not claimed quickly enough by a previous or new owner.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ In Europe, of 30 countries included in a survey, all but four (Czech republic, Germany, Greece, and Italy) permitted the killing of healthy stray dogs.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ Critics believe the new term \"animal shelter\" is generally a euphemism for the older term \"pound\".", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ The word \"pound\" had its origins in the animal pounds of agricultural communities, where stray livestock would be penned or impounded until claimed by their owners.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ Some shelters even have sick tropical animals.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ In the United States there is no government-run organization that provides oversight or regulation of the various shelters on a national basis.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ However, many individual states do regulate shelters within their jurisdiction.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ One of the earliest comprehensive measures was the \"Georgia Animal Protection Act\" of 1986.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ The law was enacted in response to the inhumane treatment of companion animals by a pet store chain in Atlanta.", "Electroconvulsive therapy __knowledge__ Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), formerly known as electroshock therapy, and often referred to as shock treatment, is a psychiatric treatment in which seizures are electrically induced in patients to provide relief from mental disorders.", "Electroconvulsive therapy __knowledge__ The ECT procedure was first conducted in 1938 and is the only currently used form of shock therapy in psychiatry.", "Electroconvulsive therapy __knowledge__ ECT is often used with informed consent as a last line of intervention for major depressive disorder, mania, and catatonia.", "Electroconvulsive therapy __knowledge__ ECT machines have been placed in the Class III category (high risk) by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) since 1976.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ Joseph Jacques Jean Chrétien (born January 11, 1934), known commonly as Jean Chrétien (), is a Canadian politician who served as the 20th Prime Minister of Canada from November 4, 1993, to December 12, 2003.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ Born and raised in Shawinigan, Quebec, Chrétien is a law graduate from Université Laval.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He was first elected to the Canadian House of Commons in 1963.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He served in various cabinet posts under prime minister Pierre Trudeau, most prominently as Minister of Justice, Minister of Finance, and Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He also served as deputy prime minister in John Turner's short-lived government.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA ; stylized PeTA) is an American animal rights organization based in Norfolk, Virginia, and led by Ingrid Newkirk, its international president.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ A nonprofit corporation with nearly 400 employees, it claims that it has 6.5 million members and supporters, in addition to claiming that it is the largest animal rights group in the world.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ Its slogan is \"Animals are not ours to eat, wear, experiment on, use for entertainment, or abuse in any other way.\"", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ Founded in March 1980 by Newkirk and fellow animal rights activist Alex Pacheco, the organization first caught the public's attention in the summer of 1981 during what became known as the Silver Spring monkeys case, a widely publicized dispute about experiments conducted on 17 macaque monkeys inside the Institute of Behavioral Research in Silver Spring, Maryland.", "Hound Dog (song) __knowledge__ \"Hound Dog\" is a twelve-bar blues song written by Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller.", "Hound Dog (song) __knowledge__ Recorded originally by Willie Mae \"Big Mama\" Thornton on August 13, 1952, in Los Angeles and released by Peacock Records in late February 1953, \"Hound Dog\" was Thornton's only hit record, selling over 500,000 copies, spending 14 weeks in the R&B charts, including seven weeks at number one.", "Hound Dog (song) __knowledge__ Thornton's recording of \"Hound Dog\" is listed as one of the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's \"500 Songs That Shaped Rock and Roll\", and was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame in February 2013.", "Hound Dog (song) __knowledge__ \"Hound Dog\" has been recorded more than 250 times.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Friday the 13th is an American horror franchise that consists of twelve slasher films, a television show, novels, and comic books.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ The main villain in the series is Jason Voorhees, who drowned at Camp Crystal Lake as a boy due to the negligence of the teenage counselors.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Decades later, the lake is rumored to be \"cursed\" and is the setting for a series of mass murders.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Jason is featured in all of the films, either as the killer or as the motivation for the killings.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Each entry in the series features a different cast of characters, including a final girl who defeats the killer in the end.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Recurring characters in the series include Jason's vengeful mother Pamela Voorhees, Alice Hardy, Tommy Jarvis and Crazy Ralph.", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ This is a list of all 90 television episodes from the British television series \"All Creatures Great and Small\".", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ Dates shown are original broadcast dates on BBC One.", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ The core quartet of characters — James Herriot, Siegfried Farnon, Tristan Farnon and Helen Herriot (née Alderson) — appear, unless otherwise stated.", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ James and Siegfried are the only two characters to appear in every episode.", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ Tristan appears in 65 episodes, Helen in 87.", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ The final appearances of regular cast members are also noted.", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ The opening credits, filmed in 1977 for the first three series, feature Siegfried and James driving around the Dales and, at one point, sharing a laugh in the car.", "History of electroconvulsive therapy in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT, in the past sometimes called electric convulsion therapy, convulsion treatment or electroplexy) is a controversial psychiatric treatment in which seizures are induced with electricity.", "History of electroconvulsive therapy in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ ECT was first used in the United Kingdom in 1939 and, although its use has been declining for several decades, it was still given to about 11,000 people a year in the early 2000s.", "History of electroconvulsive therapy in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ In contemporary psychiatric practice, ECT is used mainly in the treatment of depression.", "History of electroconvulsive therapy in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ It is occasionally used in the treatment of other disorders such as schizophrenia.", "History of electroconvulsive therapy in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ When undergoing modern ECT, a patient is given an anaesthetic and a muscle relaxant.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A \"no-kill\" shelter is an animal shelter that does not kill healthy or treatable animals even when the shelter is full, reserving euthanasia for terminally ill animals or those considered dangerous to public safety.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A no-kill shelter uses many strategies to promote shelter animals; to expanding its resources using volunteers, housing and medical protocols; and to work actively to lower the number of homeless animals entering the shelter system.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A no-kill or limited admit shelter is a shelter that saves healthy, treatable and rehabilitatable animals.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ As a benchmark, at least 90% of the animals entering the shelter are expected to be saved.", "Overpopulation in domestic pets __knowledge__ Overpopulation in domestic pets refers to a surplus of domestic animals, such as cats, dogs, and exotic animals.", "Overpopulation in domestic pets __knowledge__ In the United States, a 6 to 8 million animals are brought to shelters each year, of which an estimated 3 to 4 million are subsequently euthanized, including 2.7 million considered healthy and adoptable.", "Overpopulation in domestic pets __knowledge__ Euthanasia numbers have declined from the 1970s, when U.S. shelters euthanized an estimated 12 to 20 million animals.", "Overpopulation in domestic pets __knowledge__ Most humane societies, animal shelters and rescue groups urge animal caregivers to have their animals spayed or neutered to prevent the births of unwanted and accidental litters that could contribute to this dynamic.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Trap-neuter-return __knowledge__ Trap-neuter-return (TNR) is a type of program through which free-roaming cats are trapped, sterilized (males are castrated and females undergo ovo-hysterectomies), and returned to the outdoor locations where they were found.", "Trap-neuter-return __knowledge__ If those locations are deemed unsafe or otherwise inappropriate, the cats may be relocated (barn/farmyard homes are often considered ideal).", "Trap-neuter-return __knowledge__ Kittens young enough to be socialized and friendly adult cats may be placed in foster care for eventual adoption into homes as companion animals rather than returned to the outdoors.", "Trap-neuter-return __knowledge__ Cats found suffering with terminal, untreatable, and/or contagious illnesses or injuries are often euthanized.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ Pet adoption is the process of taking responsibility for a pet that a previous owner has abandoned or released to a shelter or rescue organization.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ Common sources for adoptable pets are animal shelters and rescue groups.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ Some organizations give adopters ownership of the pet, while others use a guardianship model wherein the organization retains some control over the animal's future use or care.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ Also available is online pet adoption.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ These sites have databases of pets being housed by thousands of animal shelters and rescue groups, and are searchable by the public.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ They include Petfinder.org and Adopt-a-Pet.com.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ An animal shelter or pound is a place where stray, lost, abandoned or surrendered animals, mostly dogs and cats, and sometimes sick or wounded wildlife are kept and rehabilitated.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ While no-kill shelters exist, it is sometimes policy to euthanize sick animals, and any animal that is not claimed quickly enough by a previous or new owner.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ In Europe, of 30 countries included in a survey, all but four (Czech republic, Germany, Greece, and Italy) permitted the killing of healthy stray dogs.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ Critics believe the new term \"animal shelter\" is generally a euphemism for the older term \"pound\".", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ The word \"pound\" had its origins in the animal pounds of agricultural communities, where stray livestock would be penned or impounded until claimed by their owners.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ Some shelters even have sick tropical animals.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ In the United States there is no government-run organization that provides oversight or regulation of the various shelters on a national basis.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ However, many individual states do regulate shelters within their jurisdiction.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ One of the earliest comprehensive measures was the \"Georgia Animal Protection Act\" of 1986.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ The law was enacted in response to the inhumane treatment of companion animals by a pet store chain in Atlanta.", "W. E. B. Du Bois __knowledge__ William Edward Burghardt \"W. E.", "W. E. B. Du Bois __knowledge__ B.\"", "W. E. B. Du Bois __knowledge__ Du Bois ( ; February 23, 1868 – August 27, 1963) was an American sociologist, historian, civil rights activist, Pan-Africanist, author, writer and editor.", "W. E. B. Du Bois __knowledge__ Born in Great Barrington, Massachusetts, Du Bois grew up in a relatively tolerant and integrated community.", "W. E. B. Du Bois __knowledge__ After completing graduate work at the University of Berlin and Harvard, where he was the first African American to earn a doctorate, he became a professor of history, sociology and economics at Atlanta University.", "W. E. B. Du Bois __knowledge__ Du Bois was one of the co-founders of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) in 1909.", "Fayette Avery McKenzie __knowledge__ Fayette Avery McKenzie (July 31, 1872 – September 1, 1957) was one of the most prominent educators of the American Progressive Era and devoted his professional life to the uplift of American Indians and Blacks in the United States.", "Fayette Avery McKenzie __knowledge__ McKenzie was the first American sociologist to specialize in Indian affairs and an influential expert on government Indian policy.", "Fayette Avery McKenzie __knowledge__ McKenzie was a founder of the Society of American Indians (1911), a member of President Calvin Coolidge's Advisory Council on Indian Affairs \"Committee of One Hundred\" (1923), and an author of the Brookings Institution Meriam Report (1928), marking the ideological shift in American Indian policy to restore of tribal self-government and communal lands.", "The Souls of Black Folk __knowledge__ The Souls of Black Folk is a classic work of American literature by W. E. B.", "The Souls of Black Folk __knowledge__ Du Bois.", "The Souls of Black Folk __knowledge__ It is a seminal work in the history of sociology, and a cornerstone of African-American literary history.", "The Souls of Black Folk __knowledge__ The book, published in 1903, contains several essays on race, some of which the magazine \"Atlantic Monthly\" had previously published.", "The Souls of Black Folk __knowledge__ To develop this work, Du Bois drew from his own experiences as an African American in the American society.", "The Souls of Black Folk __knowledge__ Outside of its notable relevance in African-American history, \"The Souls of Black Folk\" also holds an important place in social science as one of the early works in the field of sociology.", "Major Israel McCreight __knowledge__ Major Israel McCreight (Oglala Lakota: \"Cante Tanke\" (\"Great Heart\")(Čhaŋté Tȟáŋka) in Standard Lakota Orthography) (April 22, 1865 – October 13, 1958) is notable in American history as a Progressive Era banker, conservationist and expert on Native American culture and policy.", "Major Israel McCreight __knowledge__ McCreight was a founder of the Pennsylvania Conservation Association, and authored President Theodore Roosevelt’s conservation policy on public education and Cook Forest State Park, the first Pennsylvania State Park acquired to preserve a natural landmark.", "Major Israel McCreight __knowledge__ McCreight dedicated his life to public education about Native American culture and was a nominee for U.S. Commissioner of Indian Affairs.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Shock collar __knowledge__ The term shock collar is a term used in order to describe a family of training collars (also called e-collars, Ecollars, remote training collars, Zap collars, or electronic collars) that deliver electrical shocks of varying intensity and duration to the neck of a dog (they can also be applied to other places on the dog's body, to achieve various training effects) via a radio-controlled electronic device incorporated into a dog collar.", "Shock collar __knowledge__ Some collar models also include a tone or vibrational setting, as an alternative to or in conjunction with the shock.", "Shock collar __knowledge__ Others include integration with Internet mapping capabilities and GPS to locate the dog or alert an owner of his/her whereabouts.", "Social tuning __knowledge__ Social tuning, the process people adopt another person's attitudes, is cited by social psychologists to demonstrate an important lack of people's conscious control over their actions.", "Social tuning __knowledge__ The process of social tuning is particularly powerful in situations where one person wants to be liked or accepted by another person or group.", "Social tuning __knowledge__ However, social tuning occurs both when people meet for the first time, as well as among people who know each other well.", "Social tuning __knowledge__ Social tuning occurs both consciously and subconsciously.", "Social tuning __knowledge__ As research continues, the application of the theory of social tuning broadens.", "Social tuning __knowledge__ Social psychology bases many of its concepts on the belief that a person's self concept is shaped by the people with whom he or she interacts.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "International adoption of South Korean children __knowledge__ The international adoption of South Korean children was triggered by casualties of the Korean War after 1953.", "International adoption of South Korean children __knowledge__ The initiative was taken by religious organizations in the United States, Australia, and many Western European nations, and eventually developed into various apparatus that sustained adoption as a socially integrated system.", "International adoption of South Korean children __knowledge__ A 1988 article which was originally in The Progressive and reprinted in Pound Pup Legacy said that fewer than one percent of Korean adoptees adopted now are Amerasian, but most of the Korean adoptees for the decade after the Korean War were Amerasians who were fathered by American soldiers.", "Electronic health record __knowledge__ An electronic health record (EHR), or electronic medical record (EMR), is the systematized collection of patient and population electronically-stored health information in a digital format.", "Electronic health record __knowledge__ These records can be shared across different health care settings.", "Electronic health record __knowledge__ Records are shared through network-connected, enterprise-wide information systems or other information networks and exchanges.", "Electronic health record __knowledge__ EHRs may include a range of data, including demographics, medical history, medication and allergies, immunization status, laboratory test results, radiology images, vital signs, personal statistics like age and weight, and billing information.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The economic history of the United States is about characteristics of and important developments in the U.S. economy from colonial times to the present.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The emphasis is on economic performance and how it was affected by new technologies, the change of size in economic sectors and the effects of legislation and government policy.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ Specialized business history is covered in American business history.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The colonial economy differed significantly from that of most other regions in that land and natural resources were abundant in America but labor was scarce.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ From 1700 to 1775 the output of the thirteen colonies increased 12 fold, giving the colonies an economy about 30% the size of Britain's at the time of independence.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ The Plame affair (also known as the CIA leak scandal and Plamegate) was a political scandal that revolved around journalist Robert Novak's public identification of Valerie Plame as a covert Central Intelligence Agency officer in 2003.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ In 2002, Plame wrote a memo to her superiors in which she expressed hesitation in recommending her husband, former diplomat Joseph C. Wilson, to the CIA for a mission to Niger to investigate claims that Iraq had arranged to purchase and import uranium from the country, but stated that he \"may be in a position to assist\".", "Plame affair __knowledge__ After President George W. Bush stated that \"Saddam Hussein recently sought significant quantities of uranium from Africa\" during the run-up to the 2003 invasion of Iraq, Wilson published a July 2003 op-ed in \"The New York Times\" stating his doubts during the mission that any such transaction with Iraq had taken place." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ An animal shelter or pound is a place where stray, lost, abandoned or surrendered animals, mostly dogs and cats, and sometimes sick or wounded wildlife are kept and rehabilitated.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ While no-kill shelters exist, it is sometimes policy to euthanize sick animals, and any animal that is not claimed quickly enough by a previous or new owner.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ In Europe, of 30 countries included in a survey, all but four (Czech republic, Germany, Greece, and Italy) permitted the killing of healthy stray dogs.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ Critics believe the new term \"animal shelter\" is generally a euphemism for the older term \"pound\".", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ The word \"pound\" had its origins in the animal pounds of agricultural communities, where stray livestock would be penned or impounded until claimed by their owners.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ Some shelters even have sick tropical animals.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ In the United States there is no government-run organization that provides oversight or regulation of the various shelters on a national basis.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ However, many individual states do regulate shelters within their jurisdiction.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ One of the earliest comprehensive measures was the \"Georgia Animal Protection Act\" of 1986.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ The law was enacted in response to the inhumane treatment of companion animals by a pet store chain in Atlanta.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Having reformed from his violent ways, Bigby (a.k.a.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ the Big Bad Wolf) became the cigarette-smoking, trench coat-clad sheriff of Fabletown.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is extremely cunning and resourceful, in addition to being an excellent detective.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Due to Snow White's possession of a lycanthropy-stained knife, he is now a werewolf and can change between wolf form, human form and an intermediate \"wolfman\" stage at will (in \"The Great Fables Crossover\", it is revealed that Bigby's nature as one of the North Wind's sons allows him to change forms at will).", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is the son of the North Wind, and, as such, has control over the lower-tier winds, plus the \"huff and puff\" of legend.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Shock collar __knowledge__ The term shock collar is a term used in order to describe a family of training collars (also called e-collars, Ecollars, remote training collars, Zap collars, or electronic collars) that deliver electrical shocks of varying intensity and duration to the neck of a dog (they can also be applied to other places on the dog's body, to achieve various training effects) via a radio-controlled electronic device incorporated into a dog collar.", "Shock collar __knowledge__ Some collar models also include a tone or vibrational setting, as an alternative to or in conjunction with the shock.", "Shock collar __knowledge__ Others include integration with Internet mapping capabilities and GPS to locate the dog or alert an owner of his/her whereabouts.", "Remote control animal __knowledge__ Remote control animals are animals that are controlled remotely by humans.", "Remote control animal __knowledge__ Some applications require electrodes to be implanted in the animal's nervous system connected to a receiver which is usually carried on the animal's back.", "Remote control animal __knowledge__ The animals are controlled by the use of radio signals.", "Remote control animal __knowledge__ The electrodes do not move the animal directly, as if controlling a robot; rather, they signal a direction or action desired by the human operator and then stimulate the animal's reward centres if the animal complies.", "Remote control animal __knowledge__ These are sometimes called bio-robots or robo-animals.", "Remote control animal __knowledge__ They can be considered to be cyborgs as they combine electronic devices with an organic life form.", "Dog collar __knowledge__ A dog collar is a piece of material put around the neck of a dog.", "Dog collar __knowledge__ A collar may be used for control, identification, fashion, or other purposes.", "Dog collar __knowledge__ Identification tags and medical information are often placed on dog collars.", "Dog collar __knowledge__ Collars are also useful for controlling a dog manually, as they provide a handle for grabbing.", "Dog collar __knowledge__ Collars are often used in conjunction with a leash, and a common alternative to a dog collar is a dog harness.", "Dog collar __knowledge__ Dog collars are the most common form of directing and teaching dogs.", "Dog collar __knowledge__ Collars are made with a variety of materials, most commonly leather or nylon webbing.", "Dog collar __knowledge__ Less common materials can include polyester, hemp, metal, or \"oilcloth\" (vinyl woven with cotton).", "Open Season 2 __knowledge__ Open Season 2 is a 2008 American computer-animated comedy film and the sequel to the 2006 film \"Open Season\", produced by Sony Pictures Animation.", "Open Season 2 __knowledge__ It was directed by Matthew O'Callaghan, co-directed by Todd Wilderman, and produced by Kirk Bodyfelt and Matthew O'Callaghan.", "Open Season 2 __knowledge__ It was released as straight-to-DVD film in United States, while in other countries it had a theatrical release.", "Open Season 2 __knowledge__ Mike Epps, Joel McHale, and Matthew W. Taylor voice Boog, Elliot, and Ian respectively.", "Open Season 2 __knowledge__ Most of the supporting cast reprised their voice roles.", "Open Season 2 __knowledge__ The film takes place one year after the events of the first film.", "Open Season 2 __knowledge__ Elliot (Joel McHale) has grown giant new antlers and is getting married to Giselle (Jane Krakowski).", "Livery collar __knowledge__ A livery collar or chain of office is a collar or heavy chain, usually of gold, worn as insignia of office or a mark of fealty or other association in Europe from the Middle Ages onwards.", "Livery collar __knowledge__ One of the oldest and best-known livery collars is the Collar of Esses, which has been in continuous use in England since the 14th century.", "Livery collar __knowledge__ Various forms of livery were used in the Middle Ages to denote attachment to a great person by friends, servants, and political supporters.", "Livery collar __knowledge__ The collar, usually of precious metal, was the grandest form of these, usually given by the person the livery denoted to his closest or most important associates, but should not, in the early period, be seen as separate from the wider phenomenon of livery badges, clothes and other forms.", "Dog training __knowledge__ Dog training is the application of behavior analysis which uses the environmental events of antecedents and consequences to modify the behavior of a dog, either for it to assist in specific activities or undertake particular tasks, or for it to participate effectively in contemporary domestic life.", "Dog training __knowledge__ While training dogs for specific roles dates back to Roman times at least, the training of dogs to be compatible household pets developed with suburbanization in the 1950s.", "Dog training __knowledge__ A dog learns from interactions it has with its environment.", "Dog training __knowledge__ This can be through classical conditioning, where it forms an association between two stimuli; non-associative learning, where its behavior is modified through habituation or sensitisation; and operant conditioning, where it forms an association between an antecedent and its consequence.", "Collar (BDSM) __knowledge__ In a BDSM context, a collar is a device of any material worn by a person around the neck to indicate their submissive or slave status in a BDSM relationship.", "Collar (BDSM) __knowledge__ A person wearing a collar to symbolize their relationship with another is said to be collared.", "Collar (BDSM) __knowledge__ Some people conduct formal \"collaring ceremonies,\" which are regarded as effectively solemnizing their relationship in a similar way as a marriage ceremony and the collar having similar significance as a wedding ring.", "Collar (BDSM) __knowledge__ The standard form of a collar is a black leather band around the neck, often with metal D-rings added to allow the attachment of a leash, rope or other restraints; but to be more discreet in public, some people may wear an ordinary choker or jewelry necklace for the same symbolic purpose." ] ]

[ 0, 14, 0, 42, 3 ]

[ "yes, i have 1 cat i got from my local shelter too", "Yeah its a really bad problem with cats, but thats why i love non kill shelters. As a benchmark, at least 90% of the animals entering the shelter are expected to be saved", "Yeah, i remember when i adopted my cat the procedures are insane plus its really expensive to, people call it 'adoption' but it cost me around 400 to get the paper work done", "one more thing i cant stand are shock collars its crazy how Some collar models also include a tone or vibrational setting, as an alternative to or in conjunction with the shock", "hahhahahah, i hope sometime in the future we can find a way to help all animals in need, In Europe, of 30 countries included in a survey, permitted the killing of healthy stray dogs." ]

[ "Animal shelter", "Animal shelter", "Animal shelter", "Animal shelter", "Animal shelter" ]

[ "Florida\nI love Florida. Have you ever been there/", "I see, do you know the population of Florida? ", "I see a lot of people there so i am not surprised. What else do you know about Florida?", "It is. People love having fun there! I wish I lived there, dont you?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida (; Spanish for \"land of flowers\") is the southernmost state in the southeastern region of the United States.", "Florida __knowledge__ The state is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico and Alabama, to the north by Alabama and Georgia, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, and to the south by the Straits of Florida.", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida is the 22nd-most extensive, the 3rd-most populous, and the 8th-most densely populated of the U.S. states.", "Florida __knowledge__ Jacksonville is the most populous municipality in the state and the largest city by area in the contiguous United States (due to the consolidation of Jacksonville with Duval County).", "Florida __knowledge__ The Miami metropolitan area is Florida's most populous urban area.", "Florida __knowledge__ Tallahassee is the state's capital.", "Florida __knowledge__ About two-thirds of Florida occupies a peninsula between the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean.", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida has the longest coastline in the contiguous United States, approximately , not including the contribution of the many barrier islands.", "Florida __knowledge__ It is the only state that borders both the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean.", "Florida __knowledge__ Much of the state is at or near sea level and is characterized by sedimentary soil.", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida has the lowest high point of any U.S. state.", "Florida __knowledge__ The climate varies from subtropical in the north to tropical in the south.", "The Cocoanuts (musical) __knowledge__ The Cocoanuts is a musical with music and lyrics by Irving Berlin and a book by George S. Kaufman, with additional text by Morrie Ryskind.", "The Cocoanuts (musical) __knowledge__ \"The Cocoanuts\" was written for the Marx Brothers after the success of their Broadway hit \"I'll Say She Is\" (1924).", "The Cocoanuts (musical) __knowledge__ \"The Cocoanuts\" is set against the backdrop of the 1920s Florida Land Boom, which was followed by the inevitable bust.", "The Cocoanuts (musical) __knowledge__ Groucho is a hotel proprietor, land impresario, and con man, assisted and hampered by two inept grifters, Chico and Harpo, and the ultra-rational hotel assistant, Zeppo.", "The Cocoanuts (musical) __knowledge__ Groucho pursues a wealthy dowager ripe for a swindle, played by the dignified Margaret Dumont.", "Likelike __knowledge__ Miriam Likelike Kekāuluohi Keahelapalapa Kapili (January 13, 1851 – February 2, 1887) was a Princess of the Kingdom of Hawaiʻi, sister of the last two ruling monarchs, mother of Princess Kaʻiulani, last heir to the throne, and mistress of the ʻĀinahau estate.", "Likelike __knowledge__ She shared the same name with Likelike, an earlier Hawaiian chiefess.", "Likelike __knowledge__ She was born January 13, 1851 in Honolulu, Oʻahu.", "Likelike __knowledge__ Her mother was High Chiefess Analea Keohokālole and father was High Chief Caesar Kaluaiku Kapaʻakea.", "Likelike __knowledge__ She was the youngest sister of James Kaliokalani, David Kalākaua, Lydia Liliʻuokalani, Kaiminaʻauao and Anna Kaʻiulani, and the older sister of William Pitt Leleiohoku II.", "Alicia Masters __knowledge__ Alicia Reiss Masters is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Alicia Masters __knowledge__ She is usually depicted as a supporting character to the superheroes the Fantastic Four and Silver Surfer.", "Alicia Masters __knowledge__ Created by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby, she first appeared in \"The Fantastic Four\" #8 (Nov 1962).", "Alicia Masters __knowledge__ Alicia is a blind sculptor who is able to create incredibly lifelike representations of real people by touch and memory alone; her sculptures of the Fantastic Four and other superheroes are frequently depicted.", "Alicia Masters __knowledge__ A caring, sensitive character, she has been a romantic interest and confidante of The Thing, a member of the Fantastic Four who is frequently ashamed of his monstrous appearance.", "Invasion of the Moon Creatures __knowledge__ \"Invasion of the Moon Creatures\" is an episode of the award-winning British comedy television series \"The Goodies\".", "Invasion of the Moon Creatures __knowledge__ This episode is also known as \"Big Bunny\" and \"On the Moon with Big Bunny\".", "Invasion of the Moon Creatures __knowledge__ It was written by The Goodies, with songs and music by Bill Oddie.", "Invasion of the Moon Creatures __knowledge__ Tim and Bill arrive home and are stunned to discover that the door is locked.", "Invasion of the Moon Creatures __knowledge__ When they knock on the door, Graeme asks them to tell him the password.", "Invasion of the Moon Creatures __knowledge__ Then Bill demands that Graeme let them in, and Graeme opens the door.", "Invasion of the Moon Creatures __knowledge__ Tim and Bill are amazed at the change to their office, which has been set up like a space control centre.", "Invasion of the Moon Creatures __knowledge__ Graeme has agreed to do his bit to put Britain into the space race by sending two rabbits (called \"Floppsy\" and \"Spiro\") to the moon.", "6th Florida Infantry Regiment __knowledge__ The 6th Florida Infantry Regiment' was raised by the Confederate State of Florida for service to the Provisional Army of the Confederate States of America.", "6th Florida Infantry Regiment __knowledge__ Organized and released from state service in mid-April 1862, the regiment would leave the state in mid-June, 1862.", "6th Florida Infantry Regiment __knowledge__ It was assigned from June through August 1862 to the Army of East Tennessee (Department of East Tennessee), General Edmund Kirby Smith commanding.", "6th Florida Infantry Regiment __knowledge__ The Army of East Tennessee was redesignated as the Confederate Army of Kentucky on August 25, 1862, when General Smith led it into eastern Kentucky during the Confederate Heartland Offensive.", "List of Florida locations by per capita income __knowledge__ Florida has the eighteenth highest per capita income in the United States of America, at $21,557 (2000).", "List of Florida locations by per capita income __knowledge__ Its personal per capita income is $30,446 (2003).", "List of Florida locations by per capita income __knowledge__ Florida counties ranked by per capita income from 2006-2010 data.", "List of Florida locations by per capita income __knowledge__ This list contains incorporated cities, towns, and villages, as well as census-designated places.", "List of Florida locations by per capita income __knowledge__ 1 Fisher Island, Florida $236,238 2 Jupiter Island, Florida $200,087 3 Golf, Florida $144,956 4 Manalapan, Florida $143,729 5 Indian Creek, Florida $137,382 6 Orchid, Florida $135,870 7 Gulf Stream, Florida $133,651 8 Palm Beach, Florida $109,219 9 Indian River Shores, Florida $102,511 10 South Beach, Florida $90,938 11 Pelican Bay, Florida $89,063 12 Oak Point, Florida $86,225 13 North Key Largo, Florida $83,199 14 Longboat Key, Florida $80,963 15 Windsor, Florida $79,269 16 Captiva, Florida $76,139 17 Ocean Ridge, Florida $76,088 18 Golden Beach, Florida $73,053 19 Bal Harbour, Florida $67,680 20 Highland Beach, Florida $67,288 21 Sanibel, Florida $66,912 22 Boca Pointe, Florida $66,797 23 Jupiter Inlet Colony, Florida $66,713 24 Sawgrass, Florida $64,798 25 Belleair Beach, Florida $61,569 26 Naples, Florida $61,141 27 Sea Ranch Lakes, Florida $60,088 28 Heathrow, Florida $59,905 29 Belleair, Florida $59,164 30 Hillsboro Beach, Florida $56,634 31 Vineyards, Florida $55,470 32 Sewall's Point, Florida $55,121 33 Key Biscayne, Florida $54,213 34 Black Diamond, Florida $53,621 35 Siesta Key, Florida $53,290 36 Windermere, Florida $51,370 37 Pinecrest, Florida $51,181 37 Juno Beach, Florida $50,344 38 Osprey, Florida $49,862 39 Feather Sound, Florida $49,717 40 Lake Butler, Orange County, Florida $49,696 41 Wabasso Beach, Florida $48,690 42 Tierra Verde, Florida $48,259 43 Atlantis, Florida $47,614 44 Bay Hill, Florida $46,744 45 Coral Gables, Florida $46,163 46 Burnt Store Marina, Florida $46,050 47 Boca Raton, Florida $45,628 48 McGregor, Florida $45,240 49 South Sarasota, Florida $45,217 50 Weston, Florida $44,736 50 Lake Hart, Florida $44,665 51 Hypoluxo, Florida $43,960 52 Pine Ridge, Collier County, Florida $43,362 53 Cutler, Florida $42,986 54 Palm Beach Gardens, Florida $42,975 55 Marco Island, Florida $42,875 56 Palm Valley, Florida $42,747 57 Parkland, Florida $41,896 58 Indialantic, Florida $41,126 59 Aventura, Florida $41,092 60 Terra Mar, Florida $40,923 61 Lighthouse Point, Florida $40,839 62 Manasota Key, Florida $40,759 63 Key Colony Beach, Florida $40,631 64 Palm Beach Shores, Florida $40,612 65 Indian Rocks Beach, Florida $40,195 66 North Redington Beach, Florida $40,066 67 Indian Shores, Florida $40,002 68 Sunshine Ranches, Florida $40,001 69 North Palm Beach, Florida $39,564 70 Celebration, Florida $39,521 71 Royal Palm Ranches, Florida $39,274 72 Harbor Bluffs, Florida $39,261 73 Punta Rassa, Florida $39,048 74 Gateway, Florida $38,986 75 The Meadows, Florida $38,826 76 Winter Park, Florida $38,791 77 South Palm Beach, Florida $38,456 78 Surfside, Florida $38,375 79 Redington Beach, Florida $38,265 80 Bonita Springs, Florida $37,958 81 Westchase, Florida $37,630 82 Hutchinson Island South, Florida $37,575 83 Maitland, Florida $37,290 84 Daytona Beach Shores, Florida $37,010 85 Rolling Oaks, Florida $37,008 86 Boca Del Mar, Florida $36,983 87 Ponce Inlet, Florida $36,518 88 East Lake, Florida $36,206 89 Wekiva Springs, Florida $36,196 90 Country Estates, Florida $36,117 91 St. Pete Beach, Florida $35,514 93 Briny Breezes, Florida $35,338 94 Palm City, Florida $35,213 95 Winter Beach, Florida $35,169 96 Keystone, Florida $35,136 97 Jupiter, Florida $35,088 98 Tequesta, Florida $34,974 99 Treasure Island, Florida $34,965 100 Mission Bay, Florida $34,913 101 Timber Pines, Florida $34,900 102 Fort Myers Beach, Florida $34,703 103 Gulf Breeze, Florida $34,688 104 Vilano Beach, Florida $34,635 105 Lauderdale-by-the-Sea, Florida $34,216 106 Iona, Florida $33,937 107 Plantation, Sarasota County, Florida $33,629 108 Lely Resort, Florida $33,536 109 Edgewood, Florida $33,452 110 Lazy Lake, Florida $33,423 111 Green Meadow, Florida $33,350 112 Samsula-Spruce Creek, Florida $33,084 113 Dunes Road, Florida $33,019 114 Hillsboro Pines, Florida $32,908 115 Gotha, Florida $32,734 116 Punta Gorda, Florida $32,460 117 Cheval, Florida $32,444 118 Lely, Florida $32,430 119 Crescent Beach, Florida $32,279 120 Vamo, Florida $32,068 121 Destin, Florida $32,048 122 Redington Shores, Florida $31,822 123 Lake Clarke Shores, Florida $31,526 124 Melbourne Beach, Florida $31,489 125 Wesley Chapel South, Florida $31,399 126 Holmes Beach, Florida $31,345 127 Belleair Bluffs, Florida $31,329 128 Doctor Phillips, Florida $31,197 129 Butler Beach, Florida $31,193 130 Trinity, Florida $31,187 131 Lakeland Highlands, Florida $31,122 132 Lake Mary, Florida $31,094 133 Vero Beach, Florida $30,940 134 Lochmoor Waterway Estates, Florida $30,763 135 Wellington, Florida $30,726 136 Neptune Beach, Florida $30,525 137 Estero, Florida $30,521 138 Laurel, Florida $30,485 139 Fruit Cove, Florida $30,462 140 Madeira Beach, Florida $30,097 141 Highland Park, Florida $30,097 142 Indian Harbour Beach, Florida $29,986 143 Islamorada, Florida $29,519 144 Miramar Beach, Florida $29,493 145 Delray Beach, Florida $29,350 146 Whiskey Creek, Florida $29,304 147 Bay Harbor Islands, Florida $29,261 148 Shalimar, Florida $29,261 149 Hunter's Creek, Florida $29,170 150 Greater Carrollwood, Florida $29,107 151 Belle Isle, Florida $29,087 152 Duck Key, Florida $29,007 153 Cocoa Beach, Florida $28,968 154 Miami Lakes, Florida $28,867 155 Anna Maria, Florida $28,767 156 Safety Harbor, Florida $28,632 157 Atlantic Beach, Florida $28,618 158 Desoto Lakes, Florida $28,616 159 Apollo Beach, Florida $28,583 160 Pineland, Florida $28,556 161 North River Shores, Florida $28,449 162 Lutz, Florida $28,446 163 The Villages, Florida $28,343 164 Pebble Creek, Florida $28,319 165 Plantation, Broward County, Florida $28,250 166 Greater Sun Center, Florida $28,222 167 Venice, Florida $28,220 168 Kendall, Florida $27,914 169 St. Augustine Beach, Florida $27,905 170 Miami Beach, Florida $27,853 171 Fort Lauderdale, Florida $27,798 172 Fort Lauderdale, Florida $27,798 173 Melbourne Village, Florida $27,782 174 Doral, Florida $27,705 175 Cypress Lakes, Florida $27,687 176 Rio, Florida $27,674 177 Bokeelia, Florida $27,613 178 Sunny Isles Beach, Florida $27,576 179 Cooper City, Florida $27,474 180 Glenvar Heights, Florida $27,473 181 Jacksonville Beach, Florida $27,467 182 West Bradenton, Florida $27,262 183 Silver Lake, Florida $27,258 184 Satellite Beach, Florida $27,181 185 Cudjoe Key, Florida $27,085 186 Sunshine Acres, Florida $27,074 187 Hillsboro Ranches, Florida $27,060 188 Islandia, Florida $27,000 189 Pretty Bayou, Florida $26,930 190 Panama City Beach, Florida $26,734 191 Bay Lake, Florida $26,731 192 Bee Ridge, Florida $26,716 193 Lake Magdalene, Florida $26,685 194 Bloomingdale, Florida $26,552 195 FishHawk, Florida $26,540 196 Temple Terrace, Florida $26,515 197 Cortez, Florida $26,476 198 Palm Harbor, Florida $26,470 199 South Pasadena, Florida $26,420 200 Asbury Lake, Florida $26,398 201 Ormond Beach, Florida $26,364 202 Key West, Florida $26,316 203 St. James City, Florida $26,250 204 Winter Springs, Florida $26,166 205 Miami Shores, Florida $26,134 206 Whisper Walk, Florida $26,098 207 Williamsburg, Florida $26,096 208 Wesley Chapel, Florida $25,897 209 Villas, Florida $25,880 210 Crystal River, Florida $25,866 211 Hernando Beach, Florida $25,856 212 Lake Buena Vista, Florida $25,769 213 Citrus Hills, Florida $25,753 214 St. Lucie Village, Florida $25,651 215 Coconut Creek, Florida $25,590 216 Greater Northdale, Florida $25,579 217 Pine Island Ridge, Florida $25,533 218 Key Largo, Florida $25,441 219 Whitfield, Florida $25,408 220 Ojus, Florida $25,392 221 Cypress Gardens, Florida $25,366 222 Coral Springs, Florida $25,282 223 South Gate Ridge, Florida $25,047 224 Fruitville, Florida $25,010 225 Upper Grand Lagoon, Florida $24,996 226 Port Salerno, Florida $24,948 227 Hamptons at Boca Raton, Florida $24,831 228 West Vero Corridor, Florida $24,619 229 Flagler Beach, Florida $24,600 230 Palm Aire, Florida $24,557 232 Fernandina Beach, Florida $24,517 233 Haverhill, Florida $24,503 234 Villages of Oriole, Florida $24,496 235 Forest City, Florida $24,464 236 Wedgefield, Florida $24,448 237 Matlacha, Florida $24,371 238 Alva, Florida $24,353 239 Cloud Lake, Florida $24,311 240 Ivanhoe Estates, Florida $24,218 241 Gulf Gate Estates, Florida $24,199 242 Southgate, Florida $24,148 243 June Park, Florida $24,147 244 Sugarmill Woods, Florida $24,087 245 Orange Park, Florida $24,087 246 Big Coppitt Key, Florida $24,022 247 West Melbourne, Florida $24,006 248 Three Oaks, Florida $23,997 249 Merritt Island, Florida $23,961 250 Pompano Beach, Florida $23,938 251 Penney Farms, Florida $23,929 252 Pembroke Park, Florida $23,843 253 Pembroke Pines, Florida $23,843 254 Oviedo, Florida $23,831 255 Layton, Florida $23,773 256 The Crossings, Florida $23,762 257 Sunset, Florida $23,735 258 Gandy, Florida $23,660 259 New Smyrna Beach, Florida $23,547 260 Conway, Florida $23,538 261 Cape Canaveral, Florida $23,537 262 Englewood, Florida $23,462 263 Dunedin, Florida $23,460 264 Ocean City, Florida $23,418 265 Riverview, Hillsborough County, Florida $23,302 266 Deerfield Beach, Florida $23,296 267 DeBary, Florida $23,283 268 Howey-in-the-Hills, Florida $23,273 269 Davie, Florida $23,271 270 Fern Park, Florida $23,261 271 Sandalfoot Cove, Florida $23,252 272 Land O' Lakes, Florida $23,230 273 Altamonte Springs, Florida $23,216 274 Warm Mineral Springs, Florida $23,213 275 Sarasota, Florida $23,197 276 West Palm Beach, Florida $23,188 277 Big Pine Key, Florida $23,169 278 East Perrine, Florida $23,165 279 Miami Springs, Florida $22,963 280 Biscayne Park, Florida $22,923 281 Jensen Beach, Florida $22,921 282 South Patrick Shores, Florida $22,904 283 Marathon, Florida $22,894 284 Goodland, Florida $22,893 285 Mexico Beach, Florida $22,871 286 Oakland, Florida $22,857 287 Bradenton Beach, Florida $22,850 288 Three Lakes, Florida $22,832 289 Gulfport, Florida $22,801 290 Cypress Lake, Florida $22,799 291 Clearwater, Florida $22,786 292 Geneva, Florida $22,776 293 Yankeetown, Florida $22,774 294 Lake Lorraine, Florida $22,695 295 Zellwood, Florida $22,683 296 Pine Ridge, Citrus County, Florida $22,608 297 Tavernier, Florida $22,592 298 Boynton Beach, Florida $22,573 299 Cedar Key, Florida $22,568 300 Mount Dora, Florida $22,550 301 Harbour Heights, Florida $22,547 302 Ormond-By-The-Sea, Florida $22,503 303 Malabar, Florida $22,502 304 Mary Esther, Florida $22,488 305 Hallandale Beach, Florida $22,464 306 Charlotte Park, Florida $22,434 307 Sarasota Springs, Florida $22,427 308 Cinco Bayou, Florida $22,425 309 Palm Shores, Florida $22,390 310 Godfrey Road, Florida $22,319 311 Lakeside Green, Florida $22,303 312 Tamarac, Florida $22,243 313 Port St. Lucie-River Park, Florida $22,217 314 Charlotte Harbor, Florida $22,211 315 North Weeki Wachee, Florida $22,186 316 Ferry Pass, Florida $22,165 317 Citrus Park, Florida $22,162 318 Matlacha Isles-Matlacha Shores, Florida $22,116 319 Hollywood, Florida $22,097 320 Brandon, Florida $22,080 321 Nokomis, Florida $22,077 322 Kensington Park, Florida $21,990 323 Tampa, Florida $21,953 324 Kings Point, Florida $21,893 325 St. Augustine South, Florida $21,883 326 Royal Palm Beach, Florida $21,875 327 Glen Ridge, Florida $21,871 328 Glencoe, Florida $21,816 329 Wilton Manors, Florida $21,770 330 Longwood, Florida $21,714 331 Oldsmar, Florida $21,671 332 Tangerine, Florida $21,670 333 Vero Beach South, Florida $21,604 334 Hobe Sound, Florida $21,603 335 Grove City, Florida $21,602 336 Plantation Island, Florida $21,581 337 Odessa, Florida $21,548 338 Tarpon Springs, Florida $21,504 339 Palm Coast, Florida $21,490 340 Cleveland, Florida $21,468 341 Medulla, Florida $21,459 342 Venice Gardens, Florida $21,440 343 Pensacola, Florida $21,438 344 Rotonda, Florida $21,437 345 Weeki Wachee Gardens, Florida $21,423 346 Town 'n' Country, Florida $21,346 347 Lady Lake, Florida $21,337 348 Leisureville, Florida $21,334 349 High Point, Palm Beach County, Florida $21,270 350 Gonzalez, Florida $21,268 351 St. Augustine, Florida $21,225 352 Orlando, Florida $21,216 353 Lantana, Florida $21,204 354 Lake Sarasota, Florida $21,199 355 Naples Park, Florida $21,150 356 Stuart, Florida $21,139 357 Virginia Gardens, Florida $21,139 358 Homosassa, Florida $21,135 359 St. Petersburg, Florida $21,107 360 Clermont, Florida $21,099 361 Bellair-Meadowbrook Terrace, Florida $21,095 362 Fort Walton Beach, Florida $21,085 363 Boyette, Florida $21,057 364 Cape Coral, Florida $21,021 365 North Bay Village, Florida $21,017 366 Seminole, Florida $20,951 367 Fort Myers Shores, Florida $20,927 368 Estates of Fort Lauderdale, Florida $20,901 369 Ocoee, Florida $20,896 370 North Fort Myers, Florida $20,866 371 Largo, Florida $20,848 372 White City, Florida $20,818 373 Hillcrest Heights, Florida $20,802 374 Dania Beach, Florida $20,795 375 Lakeside, Florida $20,785 376 Holden Heights, Florida $20,761 377 Country Walk, Florida $20,736 378 Minneola, Florida $20,721 379 Port Richey, Florida $20,711 380 Lakes by the Bay, Florida $20,708 381 Rockledge, Florida $20,700 382 Micco, Florida $20,649 383 Port Orange, Florida $20,628 384 Lecanto, Florida $20,625 385 Village Park, Florida $20,623 386 McIntosh, Florida $20,617 387 Orangetree, Florida $20,616 388 Four Corners, Florida $20,565 389 Everglades City, Florida $20,535 390 Montverde, Florida $20,504 391 Micanopy, Florida $20,433 392 Lower Grand Lagoon, Florida $20,433 393 Valrico, Florida $20,432 394 Palm Springs North, Florida $20,383 395 Winter Haven, Florida $20,383 396 St. Augustine Shores, Florida $20,374 397 Jacksonville, Florida $20,337 398 Lynn Haven, Florida $20,330 399 Margate, Florida $20,308 400 San Antonio, Florida $20,287 401 Juno Ridge, Florida $20,270 402 Ramblewood East, Florida $20,266 403 Niceville, Florida $20,175 404 Bradenton, Florida $20,133 405 Ridge Wood Heights, Florida $20,095 406 Bay Pines, Florida $20,041 407 Southchase, Florida $20,028 408 Tavares, Florida $19,942 409 Valparaiso, Florida $19,934 410 Zephyrhills West, Florida $19,921 411 Fairview Shores, Florida $19,918 412 Woodville, Florida $19,915 413 Gifford, Florida $19,910 414 Seffner, Florida $19,888 415 Riviera Beach, Florida $19,847 416 Goldenrod, Florida $19,830 417 Olga, Florida $19,826 418 Ocean Breeze, Florida $19,802 419 Lakeland, Florida $19,760 420 Yalaha, Florida $19,734 421 Riverland Village, Florida $19,694 422 Florida Ridge, Florida $19,671 423 Pine Island Center, Florida $19,632 424 Casselberry, Florida $19,626 425 Kenneth City, Florida $19,498 426 West DeLand, Florida $19,496 427 Beverly Beach, Florida $19,488 428 Bartow, Florida $19,487 429 Hudson, Florida $19,476 430 Inverness Highlands South, Florida $19,362 431 Greenacres, Florida $19,298 432 Twin Lakes, Florida $19,284 433 Apopka, Florida $19,189 434 Melbourne, Florida $19,175 435 Keystone Heights, Florida $19,157 436 Ives Estates, Florida $19,118 437 Sebastian, Florida $19,111 438 Buckingham, Florida $19,103 439 Union Park, Florida $19,087 440 High Point, Hernando County, Florida $19,051 441 Lakewood Park, Florida $19,041 442 San Carlos Park, Florida $19,022 443 Tallahassee, Florida $18,981 444 The Hammocks, Florida $18,962 445 Century Village, Florida $18,920 446 Titusville, Florida $18,901 447 Oakland Park, Florida $18,873 448 Plant City, Florida $18,815 449 South Venice, Florida $18,787 450 Palm Springs, Florida $18,763 451 Crooked Lake Park, Florida $18,731 452 Ridge Manor, Florida $18,722 453 Campbell, Florida $18,721 454 Sunrise, Florida $18,713 455 Eustis, Florida $18,706 456 Pinellas Park, Florida $18,701 457 Parker, Florida $18,660 458 Ravenswood Estates, Florida $18,653 459 Canal Point, Florida $18,625 460 Port Charlotte, Florida $18,563 461 Cutler Bay, Florida $18,559 462 Wabasso, Florida $18,557 463 Ellenton, Florida $18,547 464 Richmond West, Florida $18,544 465 Havana, Florida $18,481 466 East Palatka, Florida $18,478 467 Miramar, Florida $18,462 468 Crystal Springs, Florida $18,346 469 Alachua, Florida $18,299 470 Placid Lakes, Florida $18,287 471 Myrtle Grove, Florida $18,268 472 Belleview, Florida $18,241 473 Royal Palm Estates, Florida $18,231 474 Lake Park, Florida $18,212 475 Laguna Beach, Florida $18,209 476 Ferndale, Florida $18,206 477 Olympia Heights, Florida $18,198 478 Thonotosassa, Florida $18,191 479 Bellview, Florida $18,173 480 Bayshore Gardens, Florida $18,150 481 Lake Panasoffkee, Florida $18,149 482 Spring Lake, Florida $18,129 483 Brookridge, Florida $18,122 484 Roseland, Florida $18,084 485 Winter Garden, Florida $18,082 486 Port St. Lucie, Florida $18,059 487 Zephyrhills, Florida $18,047 488 Ocala, Florida $18,021 489 Lake Alfred, Florida $18,008 490 Country Club, Florida $17,999 491 Fussels Corner, Florida $17,998 492 Hiland Park, Florida $17,987 493 Port St. John, Florida $17,953 494 Sylvan Shores, Florida $17,950 495 Bristol, Florida $17,949 496 Pine Island, Florida $17,927 497 Dunnellon, Florida $17,905 498 Warrington, Florida $17,876 499 West Miami, Florida $17,850 500 Panama City, Florida $17,830 501 Golden Lakes, Florida $17,818 502 Andover, Florida $17,798 503 Egypt Lake-Leto, Florida $17,760 504 Umatilla, Florida $17,739 505 Sky Lake, Florida $17,727 506 Palmetto, Florida $17,724 507 Holiday, Florida $17,722 508 Chambers Estates, Florida $17,707 509 Masaryktown, Florida $17,686 510 Green Cove Springs, Florida $17,673 511 Yulee, Florida $17,643 512 North Sarasota, Florida $17,643 513 Tamiami, Florida $17,601 514 Kendale Lakes, Florida $17,592 515 Sorrento, Florida $17,569 516 South Bradenton, Florida $17,549 517 Middleburg, Florida $17,531 518 Daytona Beach, Florida $17,530 519 North DeLand, Florida $17,489 520 Mims, Florida $17,433 521 Nassau Village-Ratliff, Florida $17,410 522 South Daytona, Florida $17,401 523 Fort Myers, Florida $17,312 524 Westchester, Florida $17,264 525 University Park, Florida $17,249 526 Lauderhill, Florida $17,243 527 Kathleen, Florida $17,231 528 Inverness, Florida $17,211 529 Waverly, Florida $17,203 530 New Port Richey East, Florida $17,191 531 Lehigh Acres, Florida $17,186 532 Spring Hill, Florida $17,184 533 Mount Plymouth, Florida $17,182 534 Solana, Florida $17,176 535 Lake Helen, Florida $17,158 536 Pittman, Florida $17,113 537 St." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida (; Spanish for \"land of flowers\") is the southernmost state in the southeastern region of the United States.", "Florida __knowledge__ The state is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico and Alabama, to the north by Alabama and Georgia, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, and to the south by the Straits of Florida.", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida is the 22nd-most extensive, the 3rd-most populous, and the 8th-most densely populated of the U.S. states.", "Florida __knowledge__ Jacksonville is the most populous municipality in the state and the largest city by area in the contiguous United States (due to the consolidation of Jacksonville with Duval County).", "Florida __knowledge__ The Miami metropolitan area is Florida's most populous urban area.", "Florida __knowledge__ Tallahassee is the state's capital.", "Florida __knowledge__ About two-thirds of Florida occupies a peninsula between the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean.", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida has the longest coastline in the contiguous United States, approximately , not including the contribution of the many barrier islands.", "Florida __knowledge__ It is the only state that borders both the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean.", "Florida __knowledge__ Much of the state is at or near sea level and is characterized by sedimentary soil.", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida has the lowest high point of any U.S. state.", "Florida __knowledge__ The climate varies from subtropical in the north to tropical in the south.", "6th Florida Infantry Regiment __knowledge__ The 6th Florida Infantry Regiment' was raised by the Confederate State of Florida for service to the Provisional Army of the Confederate States of America.", "6th Florida Infantry Regiment __knowledge__ Organized and released from state service in mid-April 1862, the regiment would leave the state in mid-June, 1862.", "6th Florida Infantry Regiment __knowledge__ It was assigned from June through August 1862 to the Army of East Tennessee (Department of East Tennessee), General Edmund Kirby Smith commanding.", "6th Florida Infantry Regiment __knowledge__ The Army of East Tennessee was redesignated as the Confederate Army of Kentucky on August 25, 1862, when General Smith led it into eastern Kentucky during the Confederate Heartland Offensive.", "List of Florida locations by per capita income __knowledge__ Florida has the eighteenth highest per capita income in the United States of America, at $21,557 (2000).", "List of Florida locations by per capita income __knowledge__ Its personal per capita income is $30,446 (2003).", "List of Florida locations by per capita income __knowledge__ Florida counties ranked by per capita income from 2006-2010 data.", "List of Florida locations by per capita income __knowledge__ This list contains incorporated cities, towns, and villages, as well as census-designated places.", "List of Florida locations by per capita income __knowledge__ 1 Fisher Island, Florida $236,238 2 Jupiter Island, Florida $200,087 3 Golf, Florida $144,956 4 Manalapan, Florida $143,729 5 Indian Creek, Florida $137,382 6 Orchid, Florida $135,870 7 Gulf Stream, Florida $133,651 8 Palm Beach, Florida $109,219 9 Indian River Shores, Florida $102,511 10 South Beach, Florida $90,938 11 Pelican Bay, Florida $89,063 12 Oak Point, Florida $86,225 13 North Key Largo, Florida $83,199 14 Longboat Key, Florida $80,963 15 Windsor, Florida $79,269 16 Captiva, Florida $76,139 17 Ocean Ridge, Florida $76,088 18 Golden Beach, Florida $73,053 19 Bal Harbour, Florida $67,680 20 Highland Beach, Florida $67,288 21 Sanibel, Florida $66,912 22 Boca Pointe, Florida $66,797 23 Jupiter Inlet Colony, Florida $66,713 24 Sawgrass, Florida $64,798 25 Belleair Beach, Florida $61,569 26 Naples, Florida $61,141 27 Sea Ranch Lakes, Florida $60,088 28 Heathrow, Florida $59,905 29 Belleair, Florida $59,164 30 Hillsboro Beach, Florida $56,634 31 Vineyards, Florida $55,470 32 Sewall's Point, Florida $55,121 33 Key Biscayne, Florida $54,213 34 Black Diamond, Florida $53,621 35 Siesta Key, Florida $53,290 36 Windermere, Florida $51,370 37 Pinecrest, Florida $51,181 37 Juno Beach, Florida $50,344 38 Osprey, Florida $49,862 39 Feather Sound, Florida $49,717 40 Lake Butler, Orange County, Florida $49,696 41 Wabasso Beach, Florida $48,690 42 Tierra Verde, Florida $48,259 43 Atlantis, Florida $47,614 44 Bay Hill, Florida $46,744 45 Coral Gables, Florida $46,163 46 Burnt Store Marina, Florida $46,050 47 Boca Raton, Florida $45,628 48 McGregor, Florida $45,240 49 South Sarasota, Florida $45,217 50 Weston, Florida $44,736 50 Lake Hart, Florida $44,665 51 Hypoluxo, Florida $43,960 52 Pine Ridge, Collier County, Florida $43,362 53 Cutler, Florida $42,986 54 Palm Beach Gardens, Florida $42,975 55 Marco Island, Florida $42,875 56 Palm Valley, Florida $42,747 57 Parkland, Florida $41,896 58 Indialantic, Florida $41,126 59 Aventura, Florida $41,092 60 Terra Mar, Florida $40,923 61 Lighthouse Point, Florida $40,839 62 Manasota Key, Florida $40,759 63 Key Colony Beach, Florida $40,631 64 Palm Beach Shores, Florida $40,612 65 Indian Rocks Beach, Florida $40,195 66 North Redington Beach, Florida $40,066 67 Indian Shores, Florida $40,002 68 Sunshine Ranches, Florida $40,001 69 North Palm Beach, Florida $39,564 70 Celebration, Florida $39,521 71 Royal Palm Ranches, Florida $39,274 72 Harbor Bluffs, Florida $39,261 73 Punta Rassa, Florida $39,048 74 Gateway, Florida $38,986 75 The Meadows, Florida $38,826 76 Winter Park, Florida $38,791 77 South Palm Beach, Florida $38,456 78 Surfside, Florida $38,375 79 Redington Beach, Florida $38,265 80 Bonita Springs, Florida $37,958 81 Westchase, Florida $37,630 82 Hutchinson Island South, Florida $37,575 83 Maitland, Florida $37,290 84 Daytona Beach Shores, Florida $37,010 85 Rolling Oaks, Florida $37,008 86 Boca Del Mar, Florida $36,983 87 Ponce Inlet, Florida $36,518 88 East Lake, Florida $36,206 89 Wekiva Springs, Florida $36,196 90 Country Estates, Florida $36,117 91 St. Pete Beach, Florida $35,514 93 Briny Breezes, Florida $35,338 94 Palm City, Florida $35,213 95 Winter Beach, Florida $35,169 96 Keystone, Florida $35,136 97 Jupiter, Florida $35,088 98 Tequesta, Florida $34,974 99 Treasure Island, Florida $34,965 100 Mission Bay, Florida $34,913 101 Timber Pines, Florida $34,900 102 Fort Myers Beach, Florida $34,703 103 Gulf Breeze, Florida $34,688 104 Vilano Beach, Florida $34,635 105 Lauderdale-by-the-Sea, Florida $34,216 106 Iona, Florida $33,937 107 Plantation, Sarasota County, Florida $33,629 108 Lely Resort, Florida $33,536 109 Edgewood, Florida $33,452 110 Lazy Lake, Florida $33,423 111 Green Meadow, Florida $33,350 112 Samsula-Spruce Creek, Florida $33,084 113 Dunes Road, Florida $33,019 114 Hillsboro Pines, Florida $32,908 115 Gotha, Florida $32,734 116 Punta Gorda, Florida $32,460 117 Cheval, Florida $32,444 118 Lely, Florida $32,430 119 Crescent Beach, Florida $32,279 120 Vamo, Florida $32,068 121 Destin, Florida $32,048 122 Redington Shores, Florida $31,822 123 Lake Clarke Shores, Florida $31,526 124 Melbourne Beach, Florida $31,489 125 Wesley Chapel South, Florida $31,399 126 Holmes Beach, Florida $31,345 127 Belleair Bluffs, Florida $31,329 128 Doctor Phillips, Florida $31,197 129 Butler Beach, Florida $31,193 130 Trinity, Florida $31,187 131 Lakeland Highlands, Florida $31,122 132 Lake Mary, Florida $31,094 133 Vero Beach, Florida $30,940 134 Lochmoor Waterway Estates, Florida $30,763 135 Wellington, Florida $30,726 136 Neptune Beach, Florida $30,525 137 Estero, Florida $30,521 138 Laurel, Florida $30,485 139 Fruit Cove, Florida $30,462 140 Madeira Beach, Florida $30,097 141 Highland Park, Florida $30,097 142 Indian Harbour Beach, Florida $29,986 143 Islamorada, Florida $29,519 144 Miramar Beach, Florida $29,493 145 Delray Beach, Florida $29,350 146 Whiskey Creek, Florida $29,304 147 Bay Harbor Islands, Florida $29,261 148 Shalimar, Florida $29,261 149 Hunter's Creek, Florida $29,170 150 Greater Carrollwood, Florida $29,107 151 Belle Isle, Florida $29,087 152 Duck Key, Florida $29,007 153 Cocoa Beach, Florida $28,968 154 Miami Lakes, Florida $28,867 155 Anna Maria, Florida $28,767 156 Safety Harbor, Florida $28,632 157 Atlantic Beach, Florida $28,618 158 Desoto Lakes, Florida $28,616 159 Apollo Beach, Florida $28,583 160 Pineland, Florida $28,556 161 North River Shores, Florida $28,449 162 Lutz, Florida $28,446 163 The Villages, Florida $28,343 164 Pebble Creek, Florida $28,319 165 Plantation, Broward County, Florida $28,250 166 Greater Sun Center, Florida $28,222 167 Venice, Florida $28,220 168 Kendall, Florida $27,914 169 St. Augustine Beach, Florida $27,905 170 Miami Beach, Florida $27,853 171 Fort Lauderdale, Florida $27,798 172 Fort Lauderdale, Florida $27,798 173 Melbourne Village, Florida $27,782 174 Doral, Florida $27,705 175 Cypress Lakes, Florida $27,687 176 Rio, Florida $27,674 177 Bokeelia, Florida $27,613 178 Sunny Isles Beach, Florida $27,576 179 Cooper City, Florida $27,474 180 Glenvar Heights, Florida $27,473 181 Jacksonville Beach, Florida $27,467 182 West Bradenton, Florida $27,262 183 Silver Lake, Florida $27,258 184 Satellite Beach, Florida $27,181 185 Cudjoe Key, Florida $27,085 186 Sunshine Acres, Florida $27,074 187 Hillsboro Ranches, Florida $27,060 188 Islandia, Florida $27,000 189 Pretty Bayou, Florida $26,930 190 Panama City Beach, Florida $26,734 191 Bay Lake, Florida $26,731 192 Bee Ridge, Florida $26,716 193 Lake Magdalene, Florida $26,685 194 Bloomingdale, Florida $26,552 195 FishHawk, Florida $26,540 196 Temple Terrace, Florida $26,515 197 Cortez, Florida $26,476 198 Palm Harbor, Florida $26,470 199 South Pasadena, Florida $26,420 200 Asbury Lake, Florida $26,398 201 Ormond Beach, Florida $26,364 202 Key West, Florida $26,316 203 St. James City, Florida $26,250 204 Winter Springs, Florida $26,166 205 Miami Shores, Florida $26,134 206 Whisper Walk, Florida $26,098 207 Williamsburg, Florida $26,096 208 Wesley Chapel, Florida $25,897 209 Villas, Florida $25,880 210 Crystal River, Florida $25,866 211 Hernando Beach, Florida $25,856 212 Lake Buena Vista, Florida $25,769 213 Citrus Hills, Florida $25,753 214 St. Lucie Village, Florida $25,651 215 Coconut Creek, Florida $25,590 216 Greater Northdale, Florida $25,579 217 Pine Island Ridge, Florida $25,533 218 Key Largo, Florida $25,441 219 Whitfield, Florida $25,408 220 Ojus, Florida $25,392 221 Cypress Gardens, Florida $25,366 222 Coral Springs, Florida $25,282 223 South Gate Ridge, Florida $25,047 224 Fruitville, Florida $25,010 225 Upper Grand Lagoon, Florida $24,996 226 Port Salerno, Florida $24,948 227 Hamptons at Boca Raton, Florida $24,831 228 West Vero Corridor, Florida $24,619 229 Flagler Beach, Florida $24,600 230 Palm Aire, Florida $24,557 232 Fernandina Beach, Florida $24,517 233 Haverhill, Florida $24,503 234 Villages of Oriole, Florida $24,496 235 Forest City, Florida $24,464 236 Wedgefield, Florida $24,448 237 Matlacha, Florida $24,371 238 Alva, Florida $24,353 239 Cloud Lake, Florida $24,311 240 Ivanhoe Estates, Florida $24,218 241 Gulf Gate Estates, Florida $24,199 242 Southgate, Florida $24,148 243 June Park, Florida $24,147 244 Sugarmill Woods, Florida $24,087 245 Orange Park, Florida $24,087 246 Big Coppitt Key, Florida $24,022 247 West Melbourne, Florida $24,006 248 Three Oaks, Florida $23,997 249 Merritt Island, Florida $23,961 250 Pompano Beach, Florida $23,938 251 Penney Farms, Florida $23,929 252 Pembroke Park, Florida $23,843 253 Pembroke Pines, Florida $23,843 254 Oviedo, Florida $23,831 255 Layton, Florida $23,773 256 The Crossings, Florida $23,762 257 Sunset, Florida $23,735 258 Gandy, Florida $23,660 259 New Smyrna Beach, Florida $23,547 260 Conway, Florida $23,538 261 Cape Canaveral, Florida $23,537 262 Englewood, Florida $23,462 263 Dunedin, Florida $23,460 264 Ocean City, Florida $23,418 265 Riverview, Hillsborough County, Florida $23,302 266 Deerfield Beach, Florida $23,296 267 DeBary, Florida $23,283 268 Howey-in-the-Hills, Florida $23,273 269 Davie, Florida $23,271 270 Fern Park, Florida $23,261 271 Sandalfoot Cove, Florida $23,252 272 Land O' Lakes, Florida $23,230 273 Altamonte Springs, Florida $23,216 274 Warm Mineral Springs, Florida $23,213 275 Sarasota, Florida $23,197 276 West Palm Beach, Florida $23,188 277 Big Pine Key, Florida $23,169 278 East Perrine, Florida $23,165 279 Miami Springs, Florida $22,963 280 Biscayne Park, Florida $22,923 281 Jensen Beach, Florida $22,921 282 South Patrick Shores, Florida $22,904 283 Marathon, Florida $22,894 284 Goodland, Florida $22,893 285 Mexico Beach, Florida $22,871 286 Oakland, Florida $22,857 287 Bradenton Beach, Florida $22,850 288 Three Lakes, Florida $22,832 289 Gulfport, Florida $22,801 290 Cypress Lake, Florida $22,799 291 Clearwater, Florida $22,786 292 Geneva, Florida $22,776 293 Yankeetown, Florida $22,774 294 Lake Lorraine, Florida $22,695 295 Zellwood, Florida $22,683 296 Pine Ridge, Citrus County, Florida $22,608 297 Tavernier, Florida $22,592 298 Boynton Beach, Florida $22,573 299 Cedar Key, Florida $22,568 300 Mount Dora, Florida $22,550 301 Harbour Heights, Florida $22,547 302 Ormond-By-The-Sea, Florida $22,503 303 Malabar, Florida $22,502 304 Mary Esther, Florida $22,488 305 Hallandale Beach, Florida $22,464 306 Charlotte Park, Florida $22,434 307 Sarasota Springs, Florida $22,427 308 Cinco Bayou, Florida $22,425 309 Palm Shores, Florida $22,390 310 Godfrey Road, Florida $22,319 311 Lakeside Green, Florida $22,303 312 Tamarac, Florida $22,243 313 Port St. Lucie-River Park, Florida $22,217 314 Charlotte Harbor, Florida $22,211 315 North Weeki Wachee, Florida $22,186 316 Ferry Pass, Florida $22,165 317 Citrus Park, Florida $22,162 318 Matlacha Isles-Matlacha Shores, Florida $22,116 319 Hollywood, Florida $22,097 320 Brandon, Florida $22,080 321 Nokomis, Florida $22,077 322 Kensington Park, Florida $21,990 323 Tampa, Florida $21,953 324 Kings Point, Florida $21,893 325 St. Augustine South, Florida $21,883 326 Royal Palm Beach, Florida $21,875 327 Glen Ridge, Florida $21,871 328 Glencoe, Florida $21,816 329 Wilton Manors, Florida $21,770 330 Longwood, Florida $21,714 331 Oldsmar, Florida $21,671 332 Tangerine, Florida $21,670 333 Vero Beach South, Florida $21,604 334 Hobe Sound, Florida $21,603 335 Grove City, Florida $21,602 336 Plantation Island, Florida $21,581 337 Odessa, Florida $21,548 338 Tarpon Springs, Florida $21,504 339 Palm Coast, Florida $21,490 340 Cleveland, Florida $21,468 341 Medulla, Florida $21,459 342 Venice Gardens, Florida $21,440 343 Pensacola, Florida $21,438 344 Rotonda, Florida $21,437 345 Weeki Wachee Gardens, Florida $21,423 346 Town 'n' Country, Florida $21,346 347 Lady Lake, Florida $21,337 348 Leisureville, Florida $21,334 349 High Point, Palm Beach County, Florida $21,270 350 Gonzalez, Florida $21,268 351 St. Augustine, Florida $21,225 352 Orlando, Florida $21,216 353 Lantana, Florida $21,204 354 Lake Sarasota, Florida $21,199 355 Naples Park, Florida $21,150 356 Stuart, Florida $21,139 357 Virginia Gardens, Florida $21,139 358 Homosassa, Florida $21,135 359 St. Petersburg, Florida $21,107 360 Clermont, Florida $21,099 361 Bellair-Meadowbrook Terrace, Florida $21,095 362 Fort Walton Beach, Florida $21,085 363 Boyette, Florida $21,057 364 Cape Coral, Florida $21,021 365 North Bay Village, Florida $21,017 366 Seminole, Florida $20,951 367 Fort Myers Shores, Florida $20,927 368 Estates of Fort Lauderdale, Florida $20,901 369 Ocoee, Florida $20,896 370 North Fort Myers, Florida $20,866 371 Largo, Florida $20,848 372 White City, Florida $20,818 373 Hillcrest Heights, Florida $20,802 374 Dania Beach, Florida $20,795 375 Lakeside, Florida $20,785 376 Holden Heights, Florida $20,761 377 Country Walk, Florida $20,736 378 Minneola, Florida $20,721 379 Port Richey, Florida $20,711 380 Lakes by the Bay, Florida $20,708 381 Rockledge, Florida $20,700 382 Micco, Florida $20,649 383 Port Orange, Florida $20,628 384 Lecanto, Florida $20,625 385 Village Park, Florida $20,623 386 McIntosh, Florida $20,617 387 Orangetree, Florida $20,616 388 Four Corners, Florida $20,565 389 Everglades City, Florida $20,535 390 Montverde, Florida $20,504 391 Micanopy, Florida $20,433 392 Lower Grand Lagoon, Florida $20,433 393 Valrico, Florida $20,432 394 Palm Springs North, Florida $20,383 395 Winter Haven, Florida $20,383 396 St. Augustine Shores, Florida $20,374 397 Jacksonville, Florida $20,337 398 Lynn Haven, Florida $20,330 399 Margate, Florida $20,308 400 San Antonio, Florida $20,287 401 Juno Ridge, Florida $20,270 402 Ramblewood East, Florida $20,266 403 Niceville, Florida $20,175 404 Bradenton, Florida $20,133 405 Ridge Wood Heights, Florida $20,095 406 Bay Pines, Florida $20,041 407 Southchase, Florida $20,028 408 Tavares, Florida $19,942 409 Valparaiso, Florida $19,934 410 Zephyrhills West, Florida $19,921 411 Fairview Shores, Florida $19,918 412 Woodville, Florida $19,915 413 Gifford, Florida $19,910 414 Seffner, Florida $19,888 415 Riviera Beach, Florida $19,847 416 Goldenrod, Florida $19,830 417 Olga, Florida $19,826 418 Ocean Breeze, Florida $19,802 419 Lakeland, Florida $19,760 420 Yalaha, Florida $19,734 421 Riverland Village, Florida $19,694 422 Florida Ridge, Florida $19,671 423 Pine Island Center, Florida $19,632 424 Casselberry, Florida $19,626 425 Kenneth City, Florida $19,498 426 West DeLand, Florida $19,496 427 Beverly Beach, Florida $19,488 428 Bartow, Florida $19,487 429 Hudson, Florida $19,476 430 Inverness Highlands South, Florida $19,362 431 Greenacres, Florida $19,298 432 Twin Lakes, Florida $19,284 433 Apopka, Florida $19,189 434 Melbourne, Florida $19,175 435 Keystone Heights, Florida $19,157 436 Ives Estates, Florida $19,118 437 Sebastian, Florida $19,111 438 Buckingham, Florida $19,103 439 Union Park, Florida $19,087 440 High Point, Hernando County, Florida $19,051 441 Lakewood Park, Florida $19,041 442 San Carlos Park, Florida $19,022 443 Tallahassee, Florida $18,981 444 The Hammocks, Florida $18,962 445 Century Village, Florida $18,920 446 Titusville, Florida $18,901 447 Oakland Park, Florida $18,873 448 Plant City, Florida $18,815 449 South Venice, Florida $18,787 450 Palm Springs, Florida $18,763 451 Crooked Lake Park, Florida $18,731 452 Ridge Manor, Florida $18,722 453 Campbell, Florida $18,721 454 Sunrise, Florida $18,713 455 Eustis, Florida $18,706 456 Pinellas Park, Florida $18,701 457 Parker, Florida $18,660 458 Ravenswood Estates, Florida $18,653 459 Canal Point, Florida $18,625 460 Port Charlotte, Florida $18,563 461 Cutler Bay, Florida $18,559 462 Wabasso, Florida $18,557 463 Ellenton, Florida $18,547 464 Richmond West, Florida $18,544 465 Havana, Florida $18,481 466 East Palatka, Florida $18,478 467 Miramar, Florida $18,462 468 Crystal Springs, Florida $18,346 469 Alachua, Florida $18,299 470 Placid Lakes, Florida $18,287 471 Myrtle Grove, Florida $18,268 472 Belleview, Florida $18,241 473 Royal Palm Estates, Florida $18,231 474 Lake Park, Florida $18,212 475 Laguna Beach, Florida $18,209 476 Ferndale, Florida $18,206 477 Olympia Heights, Florida $18,198 478 Thonotosassa, Florida $18,191 479 Bellview, Florida $18,173 480 Bayshore Gardens, Florida $18,150 481 Lake Panasoffkee, Florida $18,149 482 Spring Lake, Florida $18,129 483 Brookridge, Florida $18,122 484 Roseland, Florida $18,084 485 Winter Garden, Florida $18,082 486 Port St. Lucie, Florida $18,059 487 Zephyrhills, Florida $18,047 488 Ocala, Florida $18,021 489 Lake Alfred, Florida $18,008 490 Country Club, Florida $17,999 491 Fussels Corner, Florida $17,998 492 Hiland Park, Florida $17,987 493 Port St. John, Florida $17,953 494 Sylvan Shores, Florida $17,950 495 Bristol, Florida $17,949 496 Pine Island, Florida $17,927 497 Dunnellon, Florida $17,905 498 Warrington, Florida $17,876 499 West Miami, Florida $17,850 500 Panama City, Florida $17,830 501 Golden Lakes, Florida $17,818 502 Andover, Florida $17,798 503 Egypt Lake-Leto, Florida $17,760 504 Umatilla, Florida $17,739 505 Sky Lake, Florida $17,727 506 Palmetto, Florida $17,724 507 Holiday, Florida $17,722 508 Chambers Estates, Florida $17,707 509 Masaryktown, Florida $17,686 510 Green Cove Springs, Florida $17,673 511 Yulee, Florida $17,643 512 North Sarasota, Florida $17,643 513 Tamiami, Florida $17,601 514 Kendale Lakes, Florida $17,592 515 Sorrento, Florida $17,569 516 South Bradenton, Florida $17,549 517 Middleburg, Florida $17,531 518 Daytona Beach, Florida $17,530 519 North DeLand, Florida $17,489 520 Mims, Florida $17,433 521 Nassau Village-Ratliff, Florida $17,410 522 South Daytona, Florida $17,401 523 Fort Myers, Florida $17,312 524 Westchester, Florida $17,264 525 University Park, Florida $17,249 526 Lauderhill, Florida $17,243 527 Kathleen, Florida $17,231 528 Inverness, Florida $17,211 529 Waverly, Florida $17,203 530 New Port Richey East, Florida $17,191 531 Lehigh Acres, Florida $17,186 532 Spring Hill, Florida $17,184 533 Mount Plymouth, Florida $17,182 534 Solana, Florida $17,176 535 Lake Helen, Florida $17,158 536 Pittman, Florida $17,113 537 St.", "Political positions of Jeb Bush __knowledge__ Jeb Bush is a Republican politician in the United States.", "Political positions of Jeb Bush __knowledge__ Bush was governor of Florida from 1999 to 2007.", "Political positions of Jeb Bush __knowledge__ He was a candidate for the Republican nomination for president of the United States in the 2016 election.", "Political positions of Jeb Bush __knowledge__ In 2013, statistician Nate Silver \"constructed ideological scores for a set of plausible 2016 Republican candidates based on a combination of three statistical indices.\"", "Political positions of Jeb Bush __knowledge__ Bush's ideological score on this scale was similar to that of previous Republican nominees John McCain and Mitt Romney.", "Political positions of Jeb Bush __knowledge__ A January 2015 Bloomberg News analysis suggested that Jeb Bush is more conservative than former presidents George W. Bush (Jeb's brother) and George H. W. Bush (Jeb's father).", "Jack Thompson (activist) __knowledge__ John Bruce \"Jack\" Thompson (born July 25, 1951) is an American activist and disbarred attorney, based in Coral Gables, Florida.", "Jack Thompson (activist) __knowledge__ Thompson is known for his role as an anti-video-game activist, particularly against violence and sex in video games.", "Jack Thompson (activist) __knowledge__ During his time as an attorney, Thompson focused his legal efforts against what he perceives as obscenity in modern culture.", "Jack Thompson (activist) __knowledge__ This included rap music, broadcasts by shock jock Howard Stern, the content of computer and video games and their alleged effects on children.", "Jack Thompson (activist) __knowledge__ He is also known for his unusual filings to The Florida Bar, including challenging the constitutionality of The Florida Bar itself in 1993.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ State of Florida v. George Zimmerman was a criminal prosecution of George Zimmerman on the charge of second-degree murder stemming from the shooting of Trayvon Martin on February 26, 2012.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ On April 11, 2012, George Zimmerman was charged with second-degree murder in the shooting death of 17-year-old Trayvon Martin.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ In support of the charges, the State filed an affidavit of probable cause, stating that Zimmerman profiled and confronted Martin and shot him to death while Martin was committing no crimes.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ Florida State Attorney Angela Corey announced the charges against Zimmerman during a televised press conference and reported that Zimmerman was in custody after turning himself in to law enforcement.", "Florida State University __knowledge__ Florida State University (commonly referred to as Florida State or FSU) is an American public space-grant and sea-grant research university.", "Florida State University __knowledge__ Its primary campus is located on a 1,391.54-acre (5.631 km2) campus in Tallahassee, Florida, United States.", "Florida State University __knowledge__ It is a senior member of the State University System of Florida.", "Florida State University __knowledge__ Founded in 1851, it is located on the oldest continuous site of higher education in the state of Florida.", "Florida State University __knowledge__ The university is classified as a Research University with Very High Research by the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching.", "Florida State University __knowledge__ The university comprises 16 separate colleges and more than 110 centers, facilities, labs and institutes that offer more than 360 programs of study, including professional school programs.", "Salterio __knowledge__ Salterio is the Italian, Spanish, and Portuguese term for either of two types of zither: the hammered dulcimer or psaltery. \"", "Salterio __knowledge__ 'Salterio' \"/\" 'saltério' \"is used in Italian and Spanish where both 'psaltery' and 'dulcimer' are used in Spanish,\" 'psaltérion' \"and\" 'tympanon' \"in French,\" 'psalterium' \"in Latin.", "Salterio __knowledge__ There has always been cross-over between the various terms, and it is only in the last 100 years that scholars have tried to distinguish between them, proposing that a 'psaltery' is plucked while a 'dulcimer' is hit, and that both belong to a generic 'zither' family (distinct from specific instruments called\" 'zither' \"by their players); but this usage is an abstraction and has no basis in the traditional use of these names: there are plenty of illustrations where psalteries are hit and traditions where dulcimers are plucked, the point is rather that a distinct type evolved from about 1500 in which the strings were placed in different planes, presumably to make it easier to distinguish between then when they are hit with a hammer, but after that they were still plucked in many playing traditions.", "Salterio (Mexico) __knowledge__ The salterio mexicano is a string instrument, with origins in the 16th century psaltery.", "Salterio (Mexico) __knowledge__ It is manufactured with woods forming a trapezoidal box.", "Salterio (Mexico) __knowledge__ On the top board, 5 bridges are placed in order to seat stretched metal strings across from side to side.", "Salterio (Mexico) __knowledge__ The strings are plucked with a metal pick adjusted on the index finger of each hand.", "Salterio (Mexico) __knowledge__ There are salterios of various sizes, up to one meter long, with tessitura of tenor, soprano and requinto.", "Salterio (Mexico) __knowledge__ The salterio requinto has 90 strings in 3 course, with a range from Si4 to Fa#9.", "Salterio (Mexico) __knowledge__ The salterio tenor has more than 100 strings in 3-4 course order, with a range from Si3 to Fa#8.", "1916 Irondale earthquake __knowledge__ The 1916 Irondale earthquake struck in the north–central region of the U.S. state of Alabama on October 18.", "1916 Irondale earthquake __knowledge__ The strongest earthquake in state history, it registered an estimated Richter scale magnitude of 5.1 and resulted in extensive, but minor damage.", "1916 Irondale earthquake __knowledge__ This damage, limited to Shelby and Jefferson counties, reached its maximum severity near the epicenter in the city of Irondale, including cracked windows, fallen chimneys, and dried-up wells.", "1916 Irondale earthquake __knowledge__ While there were no fatalities, the earthquake spawned widespread panic, sending alarmed workers from tall buildings.", "1916 Irondale earthquake __knowledge__ The earthquake originated in the Eastern Tennessee Seismic Zone, a fault noted for earthquakes of moderate magnitude.", "Bessemer, Alabama __knowledge__ Bessemer is a city southwest of Birmingham in Jefferson County, Alabama, United States, 8 miles (13 km) west of Hoover.", "Bessemer, Alabama __knowledge__ The population was 27,456 at the 2010 Census.", "Bessemer, Alabama __knowledge__ The town was founded in the postbellum era by the Bessemer Land and Improvement Company, owned by coal magnate Henry F. DeBardeleben, after he had inherited Daniel Pratt's investments.", "Bessemer, Alabama __knowledge__ The mayor and councilmen voted to incorporate the city of Bessemer on September 9, 1887.", "Bessemer, Alabama __knowledge__ Bessemer is located at (33.391343, -86.956569), about southwest of Birmingham, a little north of the center of the state.", "Bessemer, Alabama __knowledge__ According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which is land and (0.17%) is water.", "Floyd Mayweather Jr. __knowledge__ Floyd Joy Mayweather Jr. (born Floyd Joy Sinclair; February 24, 1977) is an American professional boxing promoter and former professional boxer.", "Floyd Mayweather Jr. __knowledge__ He competed from 1996 to 2007 and 2009 to 2015, and made a one-fight comeback in 2017.", "Floyd Mayweather Jr. __knowledge__ During his career, he held multiple world titles in five weight classes and the lineal championship in four weight classes (twice at welterweight), and retired with an undefeated record of 50–0, surpassing Rocky Marciano's record of 49–0.", "Floyd Mayweather Jr. __knowledge__ As an amateur, Mayweather won a bronze medal in the featherweight division at the 1996 Olympics, three U.S. Golden Gloves championships (at light flyweight, flyweight, and featherweight), and the U.S. national championship at featherweight.", "The X Factor (UK TV series) __knowledge__ The X Factor is a British reality television music competition to find new singing talent.", "The X Factor (UK TV series) __knowledge__ The contestants are aspiring singers drawn from public auditions.", "The X Factor (UK TV series) __knowledge__ Created by Simon Cowell, the show began in 2004 and has since aired annually from August/September until December.", "The X Factor (UK TV series) __knowledge__ The show is produced by FremantleMedia's Thames (previously Talkback Thames) and Cowell's production company Syco Entertainment .", "The X Factor (UK TV series) __knowledge__ It is broadcast on the ITV network in the UK and simulcast on TV3 in Ireland.", "The X Factor (UK TV series) __knowledge__ \"X Factor\" refers to the undefinable \"something\" that makes for star quality.", "The X Factor (UK TV series) __knowledge__ The series consists of auditions, bootcamp, judges' houses, several weeks of live shows, semi-finals and the final.", "Mexican ceramics __knowledge__ Ceramics in Mexico date back thousands of years before the Pre-Columbian period, when ceramic arts and pottery crafts developed with the first advanced civilizations and cultures of Mesoamerica.", "Mexican ceramics __knowledge__ With one exception, pre-Hispanic wares were not glazed, but rather burnished and painted with colored fine clay slips.", "Mexican ceramics __knowledge__ The potter's wheel was unknown as well; pieces were shaped by molding, coiling and other methods.", "Mexican ceramics __knowledge__ After the Spanish Invasion and Conquest, European techniques and designs were introduced, nearly wiping out the native traditions.", "Mexican ceramics __knowledge__ Indigenous traditions survive in a few pottery items such as comals, and the addition of indigenous design elements into mostly European motifs." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida (; Spanish for \"land of flowers\") is the southernmost state in the southeastern region of the United States.", "Florida __knowledge__ The state is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico and Alabama, to the north by Alabama and Georgia, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, and to the south by the Straits of Florida.", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida is the 22nd-most extensive, the 3rd-most populous, and the 8th-most densely populated of the U.S. states.", "Florida __knowledge__ Jacksonville is the most populous municipality in the state and the largest city by area in the contiguous United States (due to the consolidation of Jacksonville with Duval County).", "Florida __knowledge__ The Miami metropolitan area is Florida's most populous urban area.", "Florida __knowledge__ Tallahassee is the state's capital.", "Florida __knowledge__ About two-thirds of Florida occupies a peninsula between the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean.", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida has the longest coastline in the contiguous United States, approximately , not including the contribution of the many barrier islands.", "Florida __knowledge__ It is the only state that borders both the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean.", "Florida __knowledge__ Much of the state is at or near sea level and is characterized by sedimentary soil.", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida has the lowest high point of any U.S. state.", "Florida __knowledge__ The climate varies from subtropical in the north to tropical in the south.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ Jiya Jale was a popular Hindi TV serial that aired on 9X channel from 19 November 2007 to 19 June 2008, Monday to Thursday at 8:30 pm IND / 9.00pm UK, based on the concept of love story of Sunaina and Chandan.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The show was replaced by Dahhej, another popular show on 9X.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The show aired again on 9X in 2009 due to its popularity.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The show also aired on Zee Anmol and Zee Lamhee in 2015.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The story is based on the life of an ordinary girl Sunaina, who was brought up in a close and caring family.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The story takes off when Sunaina has just fallen in the love with the idea of love, when she meets Chandan.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ The following list describes each of the characters from the popular webseries \"Red vs. Blue\", originally created by Rooster Teeth Productions.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ Colonel Sarge is the leader of the Red Team on Blood Gulch.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ He is voiced by Matt Hullum, co-creator of the series, and first appeared at the end of .", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ He has a Southern accent.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ Sarge is somewhat bloodthirsty, and the only Blood Gulch soldier on either team to actually be serious about war.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ It is mentioned that he has a military background and briefly joined the ODSTs.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ His preferred weapon is a shotgun, which he carries at all times.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ He has a passionate disgust for Grif, demonstrated by his repeated willingness to sacrifice Grif during combat missions as well as how all of his contingency plans are to kill Grif.", "Donald Trump presidential campaign, 2016 __knowledge__ The 2016 presidential campaign of Donald Trump was formally launched on June 16, 2015, at Trump Tower in New York City.", "Donald Trump presidential campaign, 2016 __knowledge__ Trump was the Republican nominee for President of the United States in the 2016 election, having won the most state primaries, caucuses, and delegates at the 2016 Republican National Convention.", "Donald Trump presidential campaign, 2016 __knowledge__ He chose Mike Pence, the sitting Governor of Indiana, as his vice presidential running mate.", "Donald Trump presidential campaign, 2016 __knowledge__ On November 8, 2016, Trump and Pence were elected president and vice president of the United States.", "Donald Trump presidential campaign, 2016 __knowledge__ Trump's populist positions in opposition to illegal immigration and various trade agreements, such as the Trans-Pacific Partnership, earned him support especially among voters who were male, white, blue-collar and those without college degrees.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "List of Lorien Legacies characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters appearing in the \"Lorien Legacies\" series of young adult science fiction books, written under the pseudonym Pittacus Lore.", "List of Lorien Legacies characters __knowledge__ The Elders were 10 Loric Garde that acted as the protectors and/or politicians of Lorien who had discovered the Phoenix stones, they rewarded Lorien with legacies and chimæra.", "List of Lorien Legacies characters __knowledge__ Originally there were ten Lorien Elders, but due to the Secret Wars; the conflict between the Loric and the Mogadorians, the tenth Elder had supposedly died during this time.", "List of Lorien Legacies characters __knowledge__ There was a prophecy which said that an unknown evil that will destroy and take Lorien by surprise.", "U.S. cities with teams from four major league sports __knowledge__ There are 13 U.S. cities with teams from four major sports, where \"city\" is defined as the entire metropolitan area, and \"major professional sports leagues\" as: The New York and the Los Angeles metropolitan areas, the two largest cities in the country, are the only two regions with at least two teams in each major sports league, with the New York metropolitan area being home to three NHL clubs.", "U.S. cities with teams from four major league sports __knowledge__ \"Italicized\" teams play outside the city limits of the metropolitan area's core city or cities; the specific location is given in parentheses.", "U.S. cities with teams from four major league sports __knowledge__ The core city or cities of a metropolitan area are identified in this reference.", "California __knowledge__ California is a state in the Pacific Region of the United States.", "California __knowledge__ With 39.5 million residents, California is the most populous state in the United States and the third most extensive by area.", "California __knowledge__ The state capital is Sacramento.", "California __knowledge__ The Greater Los Angeles Area and the San Francisco Bay Area are the nation's second- and fifth-most populous urban regions, with 18.7 million and 8.8 million residents respectively.", "California __knowledge__ Los Angeles is California's most populous city, and the country's second-most populous, after New York City.", "California __knowledge__ California also has the nation's most populous county, Los Angeles County; its largest county by area, San Bernardino County; and its fifth most densely populated county, San Francisco.", "Electoral College (United States) __knowledge__ The United States Electoral College is the mechanism established by the United States Constitution for the indirect election of the president and vice president of the United States.", "Electoral College (United States) __knowledge__ Citizens vote in each state and the District of Columbia at a general election to choose a slate of \"electors\" who are pledged to vote for a particular party's candidate.", "Electoral College (United States) __knowledge__ The Twelfth Amendment requires each elector to cast one vote for president and another vote for vice president.", "Electoral College (United States) __knowledge__ In each state and the District of Columbia, electors are chosen every four years on the Tuesday after the first Monday in November, and then meet to cast ballots on the first Monday after the second Wednesday in December.", "List of U.S. states and territories by population __knowledge__ As of April 1, 2010, the date of the 2010 United States Census, the nine most populous U.S. states contain slightly more than half of the total population.", "List of U.S. states and territories by population __knowledge__ The 25 least populous states contain less than one-sixth of the total population.", "List of U.S. states and territories by population __knowledge__ California, the most populous state, contains more people than the 21 least populous states combined, and Wyoming is the least populous state, with a population less than the 31 most populous U.S. cities.", "List of U.S. states and territories by population __knowledge__ The United States Census counts most persons residing in the United States including citizens, non-citizen permanent residents, and non-citizen long-term visitors.", "Illinois __knowledge__ Illinois ( ) is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States.", "Illinois __knowledge__ It is the 6th most populous state and 25th largest state in terms of land area, and is often noted as a microcosm of the entire country.", "Illinois __knowledge__ With Chicago in the northeast, small industrial cities and great agricultural productivity in central and northern Illinois, and natural resources like coal, timber, and petroleum in the south, Illinois has a diverse economic base and is a major transportation hub.", "Illinois __knowledge__ The Port of Chicago connects the state to other global ports from the Great Lakes, via the Saint Lawrence Seaway, to the Atlantic Ocean, as well as the Great Lakes to the Mississippi River, via the Illinois Waterway.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ New York is a state in the northeastern United States.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ New York was one of the original thirteen colonies that formed the United States.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ With an estimated 19.85 million residents in 2017, it is the fourth most populous state in the United States.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ To differentiate from its city with the same name, it is sometimes called New York State.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ The state's largest city, New York City, makes up over 40% of the state's population.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ Two-thirds of the state's population lives in the New York metropolitan area, and nearly 40% lives on Long Island.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ The state and city were both named for the 17th-century Duke of York, future King James II of England." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida (; Spanish for \"land of flowers\") is the southernmost state in the southeastern region of the United States.", "Florida __knowledge__ The state is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico and Alabama, to the north by Alabama and Georgia, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, and to the south by the Straits of Florida.", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida is the 22nd-most extensive, the 3rd-most populous, and the 8th-most densely populated of the U.S. states.", "Florida __knowledge__ Jacksonville is the most populous municipality in the state and the largest city by area in the contiguous United States (due to the consolidation of Jacksonville with Duval County).", "Florida __knowledge__ The Miami metropolitan area is Florida's most populous urban area.", "Florida __knowledge__ Tallahassee is the state's capital.", "Florida __knowledge__ About two-thirds of Florida occupies a peninsula between the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean.", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida has the longest coastline in the contiguous United States, approximately , not including the contribution of the many barrier islands.", "Florida __knowledge__ It is the only state that borders both the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean.", "Florida __knowledge__ Much of the state is at or near sea level and is characterized by sedimentary soil.", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida has the lowest high point of any U.S. state.", "Florida __knowledge__ The climate varies from subtropical in the north to tropical in the south.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The 2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team (variously \"Alabama\", \"UA\", \"Bama\" or \"The Tide\") represented the University of Alabama in the 2011 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ It was the Crimson Tide's 117th overall and 78th season as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) and its 20th within the SEC Western Division.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The team was led by head coach Nick Saban, in his fifth year, and played their home games at Bryant–Denny Stadium in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ They finished the season with a record of twelve wins and one loss (12–1 overall, 7–1 in the SEC) and as consensus national champions.", "DONT __knowledge__ In the card game contract bridge, DONT is a conventional overcall used to interfere with an opponent's one notrump (1NT) opening bid.", "DONT __knowledge__ DONT, an acronym for Disturb Opponents' Notrump, was designed by Marty Bergen, and is therefore also referred to as \"Bergen over Notrump\".", "DONT __knowledge__ Although the method is often criticized for being too nebulous, it remains fairly popular.", "DONT __knowledge__ The convention was first published in the September/October 1989 issue of \"Bridge Today\".", "DONT __knowledge__ In DONT, the two-level overcalls of trump show a two suiter of the suit bid and an unspecified higher-ranking suit.", "DONT __knowledge__ The feature distinguishing DONT from other similar conventions such as Cappelletti is the use of the double to show length in one suit, rather than hand strength or for .", "Two Futures Project __knowledge__ The Two Futures Project (2FP) is a movement made up of American Christians who support and work towards the abolition of all nuclear weapons.", "Two Futures Project __knowledge__ This organization believes that human beings face two futures and one choice: a world without nuclear weapons or a world ruined by them.", "Two Futures Project __knowledge__ 2FP is supportive of concrete and practical steps to reduce nuclear dangers immediately, while pursuing the multilateral, global, irreversible, and verifiable elimination of nuclear weapons, as a biblically-grounded mandate and as a contemporary security imperative.", "Two Futures Project __knowledge__ In order to make these changes in the world they are using a strategy based around the creation of a non-partisan, conscience-driven, enduring majority of Americans who are committed to a nuclear weapons-free world.", "French pronouns __knowledge__ French pronouns are inflected to indicate their role in the sentence (subject, direct object, and so on), as well as to reflect the person, gender, and number of their referents.", "French pronouns __knowledge__ French has a complex system of personal pronouns (analogous to English \"I\", \"we\", \"they\", and so on).", "French pronouns __knowledge__ When compared to English, the particularities of French personal pronouns include: Possessive pronouns refer to an object (or person) by identifying its possessor.", "French pronouns __knowledge__ They lexically indicate the person and number of the possessor, and like other pronouns they are inflected to indicate the gender and number of their referent.", "Bob Dylan __knowledge__ Bob Dylan (; born Robert Allen Zimmerman, May 24, 1941) is an American singer-songwriter, author, and painter, who has been an influential figure in popular music and culture for more than five decades.", "Bob Dylan __knowledge__ Much of his most celebrated work dates from the 1960s, when he became a reluctant \"voice of a generation\" with songs such as \"Blowin' in the Wind\" and \"The Times They Are a-Changin'\" that became anthems for the Civil Rights Movement and anti-war movement.", "Bob Dylan __knowledge__ In 1965, he controversially abandoned his early fan-base in the American folk music revival, recording a six-minute single, \"Like a Rolling Stone\", which enlarged the scope of popular music.", "Lexa (The 100) __knowledge__ Lexa is a fictional character from the American post-apocalyptic science fiction television series \"The 100\", produced by The CW.", "Lexa (The 100) __knowledge__ The recurring television character (portrayed by Alycia Debnam-Carey) does not appear in the books on which the series is based.", "Lexa (The 100) __knowledge__ The commander of the allied Grounder clans, Lexa is proven to be a reasonable leader and strong warrior.", "Lexa (The 100) __knowledge__ She considers love a weakness, a view significantly impacted by the death of her girlfriend, Costia.", "Lexa (The 100) __knowledge__ Though she starts to show romantic feelings for Clarke Griffin (leader of the Sky People) and takes Clarke's views into consideration, Lexa puts her people first, even at the expense of losing Clarke's trust.", "2010 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The 2010 Alabama Crimson Tide football team (variously \"Alabama\", \"UA\", \"Bama\" or \"The Tide\") represented the University of Alabama in the 2010 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2010 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ It was the Crimson Tide's 116th overall season, 77th as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) and its 19th within the SEC Western Division.", "2010 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The team was led by head coach Nick Saban, in his fourth year, and played their home games at Bryant–Denny Stadium in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.", "2010 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ They finished the season with a record of ten wins and three losses (10–3, 5–3 in the SEC) and defeated Michigan State 49–7 in the Capital One Bowl.", "Party City __knowledge__ Party City is an American publicly traded retail chain of party supply stores founded in 1986 by Steve Mandell in East Hanover, New Jersey.", "Party City __knowledge__ Based in Elmsford, New York, the company is the largest retailer of party goods in the United States and Canada, operating over 900 company-owned and franchise outlets under the Party City, Halloween City, and Factory Card & Party Outlet brands.", "Party City __knowledge__ Founded by Steve Mandell in 1986, Mandell recognized that party goods was highly fragmented with a lot of small mom-and-pop operations, a large number of retailers carrying limited supplies, and no big players dominating the market.", "Miami __knowledge__ Miami (; ) is a major port city on the Atlantic coast of south Florida in the southeastern United States.", "Miami __knowledge__ As the seat of Miami-Dade County, the municipality is the principal, central, and the most populous city of the Miami metropolitan area and part of the second-most populous metropolis in the southeastern United States.", "Miami __knowledge__ According to the U.S. Census Bureau, Miami's metro area is the eighth-most populous and fourth-largest urban area in the U.S., with a population of around 5.5 million.", "Miami __knowledge__ Miami is a major center, and a leader in finance, commerce, culture, media, entertainment, the arts, and international trade.", "Marlins Park __knowledge__ The stadium is designed in a neomodern form of baseball architecture.", "Marlins Park __knowledge__ Marlins Park was also LEED certified as the greenest MLB park in 2012.", "Marlins Park __knowledge__ The building is the sixth MLB stadium to have a retractable roof.", "Marlins Park __knowledge__ With a seating capacity of 37,442, it is the third-smallest stadium in Major League Baseball by official capacity, and the smallest by actual capacity.", "Marlins Park __knowledge__ The stadium's public-funding plan led to a protracted lawsuit, largely contributed to the ouster of several local politicians, and triggered an SEC investigation.", "Marlins Park __knowledge__ As revelations of the team's finances and their handling of payroll (both before and after construction) seemed to contradict some of the premises on which the tax-funded-stadium deal were based, the ballpark controversy intensified.", "Citi Field __knowledge__ Citi Field is a baseball park located in Flushing Meadows–Corona Park in the New York City borough of Queens.", "Citi Field __knowledge__ Completed in , it is the home field of the New York Mets of Major League Baseball.", "Citi Field __knowledge__ Citi Field was built as a replacement for and adjacent to Shea Stadium, which opened in next to the site of the 1964 New York World's Fair.", "Citi Field __knowledge__ Citi Field was designed by Populous (then HOK Sport), and is named after Citigroup, a New York financial services company which purchased the naming rights.", "Citi Field __knowledge__ The $850 million baseball park was funded with $615 million in public subsidies, including the sale of New York City municipal bonds which are to be repaid by the Mets plus interest.", "The Adventure Girls __knowledge__ The Adventure Girls was a three-book series written by Clair Blank, author of the Beverly Gray stories.", "The Adventure Girls __knowledge__ A trilogy by default, The Adventure Girls series was published by A. L. Burt in 1936 and never continued.", "The Adventure Girls __knowledge__ All works were copyrighted on April 27, 1936, the same day as \"Beverly Gray on a World Cruise\".", "The Adventure Girls __knowledge__ Although a fourth work was advertised at the end of the third, it was never published; where the Beverly Gray series survived and prospered following the publication of its four part \"breeder set,\" The Adventure Girls series was unable to catch on.", "The Adventure Girls __knowledge__ Purchased by Saalfield in 1937, the series was entirely shelved until being reissued in the fall of 1942.", "Transportation in South Florida __knowledge__ The Greater Miami area, composed of the three counties of Miami-Dade, Broward, and Palm Beach, also known collectively as South Florida, is home to a wide variety of public and private transportation systems.", "Transportation in South Florida __knowledge__ These include heavy rail mass transit (Metrorail), commuter rail (Tri-Rail), automated guideway transit (Metromover), highways, two major airports (Miami International Airport (MIA) and Fort Lauderdale – Hollywood International Airport (FLL)) and seaports (Port of Miami and Port Everglades), as well as three county-wide bus networks (Miami-Dade Metrobus, Broward County Transit (BCT), and Palm Tran), which cover the entire urbanized area of South Florida." ] ]

[ 2, 3, 5, 0 ]

[ "No, but I live really close to it in a neighboring state near Alabama.", "I believe its the 3rd most populous state if I remember correctly.", "I know Miami is the most populous, I hear it's like a party city!", "Yeah I have family from there and maybe one day I will retire there, hopefully haha." ]

[ "Florida", "Florida", "Florida", "Florida" ]

[ "Purple", "Yes! it is one of my favorites! Do you know where it falls on the rainbow?", "What else can you tell me about the color purple?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Purple __knowledge__ Purple is a color intermediate between blue and red.", "Purple __knowledge__ It is similar to violet, but unlike violet, which is a spectral color with its own wavelength on the visible spectrum of light, purple is a composite color made by combining red and blue.", "Purple __knowledge__ According to surveys in Europe and the U.S., purple is the color most often associated with royalty, magic, mystery and piety.", "Purple __knowledge__ When combined with pink, it is associated with eroticism, femininity and seduction.", "Purple __knowledge__ Purple was the color worn by Roman magistrates; it became the imperial color worn by the rulers of the Byzantine Empire and the Holy Roman Empire, and later by Roman Catholic bishops.", "Purple __knowledge__ Similarly in Japan, the color is traditionally associated with the Emperor and aristocracy.", "Purple __knowledge__ The complementary color of purple is yellow.", "Purple __knowledge__ The word 'purple' comes from the Old English word \"purpul\" which derives from Latin \"purpura\", in turn from the Greek (\"porphura\"), name of the Tyrian purple dye manufactured in classical antiquity from a mucus secreted by the spiny dye-murex snail.", "Purple __knowledge__ The first recorded use of the word 'purple' in the English language was in the year 975 AD.", "Purple __knowledge__ In heraldry, the word \"purpure\" is used for purple.", "Purple __knowledge__ In the traditional color wheel used by painters, violet and purple are both placed between red and blue." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Purple __knowledge__ Purple is a color intermediate between blue and red.", "Purple __knowledge__ It is similar to violet, but unlike violet, which is a spectral color with its own wavelength on the visible spectrum of light, purple is a composite color made by combining red and blue.", "Purple __knowledge__ According to surveys in Europe and the U.S., purple is the color most often associated with royalty, magic, mystery and piety.", "Purple __knowledge__ When combined with pink, it is associated with eroticism, femininity and seduction.", "Purple __knowledge__ Purple was the color worn by Roman magistrates; it became the imperial color worn by the rulers of the Byzantine Empire and the Holy Roman Empire, and later by Roman Catholic bishops.", "Purple __knowledge__ Similarly in Japan, the color is traditionally associated with the Emperor and aristocracy.", "Purple __knowledge__ The complementary color of purple is yellow.", "Purple __knowledge__ The word 'purple' comes from the Old English word \"purpul\" which derives from Latin \"purpura\", in turn from the Greek (\"porphura\"), name of the Tyrian purple dye manufactured in classical antiquity from a mucus secreted by the spiny dye-murex snail.", "Purple __knowledge__ The first recorded use of the word 'purple' in the English language was in the year 975 AD.", "Purple __knowledge__ In heraldry, the word \"purpure\" is used for purple.", "Purple __knowledge__ In the traditional color wheel used by painters, violet and purple are both placed between red and blue.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Rainbow __knowledge__ A rainbow is a meteorological phenomenon that is caused by reflection, refraction and dispersion of light in water droplets resulting in a spectrum of light appearing in the sky.", "Rainbow __knowledge__ It takes the form of a multicoloured circular arc.", "Rainbow __knowledge__ Rainbows caused by sunlight always appear in the section of sky directly opposite the sun.", "Rainbow __knowledge__ Rainbows can be full circles.", "Rainbow __knowledge__ However, the observer normally sees only an arc formed by illuminated droplets above the ground, and centered on a line from the sun to the observer's eye.", "Rainbow __knowledge__ In a primary rainbow, the arc shows red on the outer part and violet on the inner side.", "Rainbow __knowledge__ This rainbow is caused by light being refracted when entering a droplet of water, then reflected inside on the back of the droplet and refracted again when leaving it.", "Rainbow Room __knowledge__ The Rainbow Room is a private event space on the 65th floor of 30 Rockefeller Plaza in Rockefeller Center, Midtown Manhattan, New York City.", "Rainbow Room __knowledge__ Run by Tishman Speyer, it is among the highest venues in New York City.", "Rainbow Room __knowledge__ The Rainbow Room serves classic and contemporary American, and Zagat Surveys has ranked the Rainbow Room as very expensive.", "Rainbow Room __knowledge__ Opened in 1934, it was a focal point for the city's elite as well as one of the United States' highest restaurants above ground.", "Rainbow Room __knowledge__ Due to World War II, the Rainbow Room was closed from 1942 to 1950.", "Rainbow Room __knowledge__ The restaurant received renovations in 1965 and 1985–1987, both of which sought to restore its original 1930 decor.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ The History of Oregon State Beavers football covers more than 120 seasons since the team began play in 1893.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ In 1893, Oregon State College was known as State Agricultural College (SAC).", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ William H. Bloss, son of SAC's school president, was the school's first coach, and the quarterback of the 1893 team.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ Bloss moved to Corvallis, Oregon in June 1892.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ He previously played football in the Midwest, and was considered very knowledgeable of football.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ Bloss scheduled tryouts in the fall of 1893 trying to assemble a football team.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ By mid-October, he had found 17 players that would make up the first football team in Oregon State's history.", "Rainbow Brite __knowledge__ Rainbow Brite, also known in Japan as , is a media franchise by Hallmark Cards, introduced in 1983.", "Rainbow Brite __knowledge__ The animated television series of the same name first aired in 1984, the same year Hallmark licensed Rainbow Brite to Mattel for a range of dolls and other merchandise.", "Rainbow Brite __knowledge__ A theatrical feature-length film, \"Rainbow Brite and the Star Stealer\", was released by Warner Bros. in 1985.", "Rainbow Brite __knowledge__ The franchise was rebooted in 1996, 2003, 2009, and then again in 2014 through Hallmark's online on-demand streaming video service, Feeln.", "Rainbow Brite __knowledge__ 2015 also saw with it a line of new merchandise sold only by Hallmark online and in its shops.", "Rainbow Serpent __knowledge__ The Rainbow Serpent or \"Rainbow Snake\" is a common deity, often a creator god, in the religious and a common motif in the art of Aboriginal Australia.", "Rainbow Serpent __knowledge__ It is named for the obvious identification between the shape of a rainbow and the shape of a snake.", "Rainbow Serpent __knowledge__ Some scholars believe that the link between snake and rainbow suggests the cycle of the seasons and the importance of water in human life.", "Rainbow Serpent __knowledge__ When the rainbow is seen in the sky, it is said to be the Rainbow Serpent moving from one waterhole to another, and the divine concept explained why some waterholes never dried up when drought struck.", "Rainbow Serpent __knowledge__ There are innumerable names and stories associated with the serpent, all of which communicate the significance and power of this being within Aboriginal traditions.", "2011 Garmin–Cervélo season __knowledge__ The 2011 season for the cycling team began in January at the Tour Down Under and ended in October at the Noosa Grand Prix.", "2011 Garmin–Cervélo season __knowledge__ As a UCI ProTeam, they were automatically invited and obligated to send a squad to every event in the UCI World Tour.", "2011 Garmin–Cervélo season __knowledge__ For 2011, the team added Cervélo as a major co-sponsor, after they had, for two seasons, fronted their own professional team, the .", "2011 Garmin–Cervélo season __knowledge__ Seven riders from Cervélo TestTeam joined Garmin-Cervélo for 2011, perhaps chief among them reigning world champion Thor Hushovd.", "2011 Garmin–Cervélo season __knowledge__ The team took 26 victories in 2011, 25 of which officially count.", "2011 Garmin–Cervélo season __knowledge__ After having raced the Tour de France for the last three years without any victories, they took four stage wins and the team award at the 2011 Tour.", "Thin-film-transistor liquid-crystal display __knowledge__ A thin-film-transistor liquid-crystal display (TFT LCD) is a variant of a liquid-crystal display (LCD) that uses thin-film-transistor (TFT) technology to improve image qualities such as addressability and contrast.", "Thin-film-transistor liquid-crystal display __knowledge__ A TFT LCD is an active-matrix LCD, in contrast to passive-matrix LCDs or simple, direct-driven LCDs with a few segments.", "Thin-film-transistor liquid-crystal display __knowledge__ TFT LCDs are used in appliances including television sets, computer monitors, mobile phones, handheld video game systems, personal digital assistants, navigation systems and projectors.", "Thin-film-transistor liquid-crystal display __knowledge__ TFT LCDs are also used in car instrument clusters because they allow the driver to customize the cluster, as well as being able to provide a skeuomorphic, analog-like display with digital elements.", "Shades of purple __knowledge__ There are numerous variations of the color purple, a sampling of which are shown below.", "Shades of purple __knowledge__ In common English usage, \"purple\" is a range of hues of color occurring between red and blue.", "Shades of purple __knowledge__ In color theory, \"purple\" colors are any colors on the line of purples on the CIE chromaticity diagram (or colors that can be derived from colors on the line of purples), i.e., any color between red and violet, not including either red or violet themselves.", "Shades of purple __knowledge__ The first recorded use of \"purple\" as a color name in English was in 975 AD.", "Shades of purple __knowledge__ \"See also under Purple#In art and history the section \"In prehistory and the ancient world: Tyrian purple\" \" \"Tyrian purple\" is the contemporary English name of the color that in Latin is denominated \"\"purpura\"\".", "Natural dye __knowledge__ Natural dyes are dyes or colorants derived from plants, invertebrates, or minerals.", "Natural dye __knowledge__ The majority of natural dyes are vegetable dyes from plant sources—roots, berries, bark, leaves, and wood—and other biological sources such as fungi and lichens.", "Natural dye __knowledge__ Archaeologists have found evidence of textile dyeing dating back to the Neolithic period.", "Natural dye __knowledge__ In China, dyeing with plants, barks and insects has been traced back more than 5,000 years.", "Natural dye __knowledge__ The essential process of dyeing changed little over time.", "Natural dye __knowledge__ Typically, the dye material is put in a pot of water and then the textiles to be dyed are added to the pot, which is heated and stirred until the color is transferred.", "Laura Guido-Clark __knowledge__ Laura Guido-Clark is an American designer of color, material and texture of consumer products.", "Laura Guido-Clark __knowledge__ She has been dubbed a 'Experience Consultant' reflecting her interest and study of human reactions to the look and feel of new products.", "Laura Guido-Clark __knowledge__ At NeoCon 2017 she launched a color methodology called Love Good Color.", "Laura Guido-Clark __knowledge__ Her approach integrates scientific and aesthetic theories so that emotion and the senses can be considered by designers when using color.", "Laura Guido-Clark __knowledge__ Guido-Clark is a native of Dearborn, Michigan, United States.", "Laura Guido-Clark __knowledge__ She attended Wayne State University, Detroit.", "Laura Guido-Clark __knowledge__ As a child she was inspired by Green Eggs and Ham by Dr. Suess and The Wizard of Oz leading her to choose design over medicine as her major.", "Color rendering index __knowledge__ A color rendering index (CRI) is a quantitative measure of the ability of a light source to reveal the colors of various objects faithfully in comparison with an ideal or natural light source.", "Color rendering index __knowledge__ Light sources with a high CRI are desirable in color-critical applications such as neonatal care and art restoration.", "Color rendering index __knowledge__ It is defined by the International Commission on Illumination (CIE) as follows: Color rendering: Effect of an illuminant on the color appearance of objects by conscious or subconscious comparison with their color appearance under a reference illuminant The CRI of a light source does not indicate the apparent color of the light source; that information is under the rubric of the correlated color temperature (CCT).", "Han purple and Han blue __knowledge__ Han purple and Han blue (also called Chinese purple and Chinese blue) are synthetic barium copper silicate pigments developed in China and used in ancient and imperial China from the Western Zhou period (1045–771 BC) until the end of the Han dynasty (\"circa\" 220 AD).", "Han purple and Han blue __knowledge__ Azurite was the only natural blue pigment used in early China.", "Han purple and Han blue __knowledge__ Early China seems not to have used a natural purple pigment and was the first to develop a synthetic one.", "Han purple and Han blue __knowledge__ Han blue in its pure form is, as the name suggests, blue.", "Han purple and Han blue __knowledge__ Han purple in its pure form is actually a dark blue, that is close to electric indigo.", "Han purple and Han blue __knowledge__ It is a purple in the way the term is used in colloquial English, i.e., it is a color between red and blue." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Purple __knowledge__ Purple is a color intermediate between blue and red.", "Purple __knowledge__ It is similar to violet, but unlike violet, which is a spectral color with its own wavelength on the visible spectrum of light, purple is a composite color made by combining red and blue.", "Purple __knowledge__ According to surveys in Europe and the U.S., purple is the color most often associated with royalty, magic, mystery and piety.", "Purple __knowledge__ When combined with pink, it is associated with eroticism, femininity and seduction.", "Purple __knowledge__ Purple was the color worn by Roman magistrates; it became the imperial color worn by the rulers of the Byzantine Empire and the Holy Roman Empire, and later by Roman Catholic bishops.", "Purple __knowledge__ Similarly in Japan, the color is traditionally associated with the Emperor and aristocracy.", "Purple __knowledge__ The complementary color of purple is yellow.", "Purple __knowledge__ The word 'purple' comes from the Old English word \"purpul\" which derives from Latin \"purpura\", in turn from the Greek (\"porphura\"), name of the Tyrian purple dye manufactured in classical antiquity from a mucus secreted by the spiny dye-murex snail.", "Purple __knowledge__ The first recorded use of the word 'purple' in the English language was in the year 975 AD.", "Purple __knowledge__ In heraldry, the word \"purpure\" is used for purple.", "Purple __knowledge__ In the traditional color wheel used by painters, violet and purple are both placed between red and blue.", "Shades of purple __knowledge__ There are numerous variations of the color purple, a sampling of which are shown below.", "Shades of purple __knowledge__ In common English usage, \"purple\" is a range of hues of color occurring between red and blue.", "Shades of purple __knowledge__ In color theory, \"purple\" colors are any colors on the line of purples on the CIE chromaticity diagram (or colors that can be derived from colors on the line of purples), i.e., any color between red and violet, not including either red or violet themselves.", "Shades of purple __knowledge__ The first recorded use of \"purple\" as a color name in English was in 975 AD.", "Shades of purple __knowledge__ \"See also under Purple#In art and history the section \"In prehistory and the ancient world: Tyrian purple\" \" \"Tyrian purple\" is the contemporary English name of the color that in Latin is denominated \"\"purpura\"\".", "The Color Purple (film) __knowledge__ The Color Purple is a 1985 American period drama film directed by Steven Spielberg and written by Menno Meyjes, based on the Pulitzer Prize-winning novel of the same name by Alice Walker.", "The Color Purple (film) __knowledge__ It was Spielberg's eighth film as a director, and was a change from the summer blockbusters for which he had become famous.", "The Color Purple (film) __knowledge__ The film was also the first feature-length film directed by Spielberg for which John Williams did not compose the music.", "The Color Purple (film) __knowledge__ The film starred Danny Glover, Desreta Jackson, Margaret Avery, Oprah Winfrey (in her film debut), Adolph Caesar, Rae Dawn Chong, and featured Whoopi Goldberg (also in her film debut) as Celie Harris-Johnson.", "Fantasia Barrino __knowledge__ Fantasia Monique Taylor (née Barrino; born June 30, 1984), known professionally by her mononym Fantasia, is an American R&B singer, songwriter, and actress.", "Fantasia Barrino __knowledge__ She rose to fame as the winner of the third season of the reality television series \"American Idol\" in 2004.", "Fantasia Barrino __knowledge__ Following her victory, she released her debut single, \"I Believe,\" which debuted at number one on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100.", "Fantasia Barrino __knowledge__ Subsequently, she released her debut album, \"Free Yourself\", which went on to be certified Platinum by the RIAA and earned Fantasia three Grammy nominations in 2006.", "Fantasia Barrino __knowledge__ In 2006, she released her second album, \"Fantasia\", which featured the single \"When I See U\" which topped the \"Billboard\" Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart for eight weeks.", "Alice Walker __knowledge__ Alice Malsenior Walker (born February 9, 1944) is an American novelist, short story writer, poet, and activist.", "Alice Walker __knowledge__ She wrote the novel \"The Color Purple\" (1982) for which she won the National Book Award and the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction.", "Alice Walker __knowledge__ She also wrote the novels \"Meridian\" (1976) and \"The Third Life of Grange Copeland\" (1970), among other works.", "Alice Walker __knowledge__ Walker was born in Putnam County, Georgia, the youngest of eight children, to African-American sharecroppers Willie Lee Walker and Minnie Lou Tallulah Grant.", "Alice Walker __knowledge__ Her father, who was, in her words, \"wonderful at math but a terrible farmer,\" earned only $300 ($4,000 in 2013 dollars) a year from sharecropping and dairy farming.", "The Color Purple (musical) __knowledge__ The Color Purple is a musical with a book by Marsha Norman and music and lyrics by Stephen Bray, Brenda Russell, and Allee Willis.", "The Color Purple (musical) __knowledge__ Based on the 1982 novel by Alice Walker, the show follows the journey of Celie, an African-American woman in the American South from the early to mid-20th century.", "The Color Purple (musical) __knowledge__ The original Broadway production ran from 2005 to 2008, earning eleven Tony Award nominations in 2006.", "The Color Purple (musical) __knowledge__ An enthusiastically acclaimed Broadway revival opened in late 2015 and ran through early 2017, winning two 2016 Tony Awards—including Best Revival of a Musical.", "The Color Purple (musical) __knowledge__ \"The Color Purple\" was originally workshopped by the Alliance Theatre in Atlanta, Georgia, in the summer of 2004 following Scott Sanders' optioning the work from Alice Walker in 1999 and auditioning various creative team members.", "Steven Spielberg __knowledge__ Steven Allan Spielberg (born December 18, 1946) is an American director, producer, and screenwriter.", "Steven Spielberg __knowledge__ He is considered one of the founding pioneers of the New Hollywood era, as well as being viewed as one of the most popular directors and producers in film history.", "Steven Spielberg __knowledge__ He is also one of the co-founders of DreamWorks Studios.", "Steven Spielberg __knowledge__ In a career spanning more than four decades, Spielberg's films have spanned many themes and genres.", "Steven Spielberg __knowledge__ Spielberg's early science-fiction and adventure films, such as \"Jaws\" (1975), \"Close Encounters of the Third Kind\" (1977), \"Raiders of the Lost Ark\" (1981), and \"E.T.", "Steven Spielberg __knowledge__ the Extra-Terrestrial\" (1982), were seen as archetypes of modern Hollywood escapist filmmaking.", "Blue–green distinction in language __knowledge__ Many languages do not distinguish between what in English are described as \"blue\" and \"green\" and instead use a cover term spanning both.", "Blue–green distinction in language __knowledge__ To describe this English lexical gap, linguists use the portmanteau word \"grue\", from \"green\" and \"blue\", which the philosopher Nelson Goodman coined in his 1955 \"Fact, Fiction, and Forecast\" to illustrate the \"new riddle of induction\".", "Blue–green distinction in language __knowledge__ The exact definition of \"blue\" and \"green\" may be complicated by the speakers not primarily distinguishing the hue, but using terms that describe other color components such as saturation and luminosity, or other properties of the object being described.", "Albert Henry Munsell __knowledge__ Albert Henry Munsell (January 6, 1858 – June 28, 1918) was an American painter, teacher of art, and the inventor of the Munsell color system.", "Albert Henry Munsell __knowledge__ He was born in Boston, Massachusetts, attended and served on the faculty of Massachusetts Normal Art School, and died in nearby Brookline.", "Albert Henry Munsell __knowledge__ As a painter, he was noted for seascapes and portraits.", "Albert Henry Munsell __knowledge__ Munsell is famous for inventing the Munsell color system, an early attempt at creating an accurate system for numerically describing colors.", "Albert Henry Munsell __knowledge__ He wrote three books about it: \"A Color Notation\" (1905), \"Atlas of the Munsell Color System\" (1915) and one published posthumously, \"A Grammar of Color: Arrangements of Strathmore Papers in a Variety of Printed Color Combinations According to The Munsell Color System\" (1921).", "Grey __knowledge__ Grey (British English) or gray (American English; see spelling differences) is an intermediate color between black and white.", "Grey __knowledge__ It is a neutral or achromatic color, meaning literally that it is a color \"without color.\"", "Grey __knowledge__ It is the color of a cloud-covered sky, of ash and of lead.", "Grey __knowledge__ The first recorded use of \"grey\" as a color name in the English language was in AD 700.", "Grey __knowledge__ \"Grey\" is the dominant spelling in European and Commonwealth English, although \"gray\" remained in common usage in the UK until the second half of the 20th century.", "Grey __knowledge__ \"Gray\" has been the preferred American spelling since approximately 1825, although \"grey\" is an accepted variant.", "History of Crayola crayons __knowledge__ Since the introduction of Crayola drawing crayons by Binney & Smith in 1903, more than two hundred distinctive colors have been produced in a wide variety of assortments.", "History of Crayola crayons __knowledge__ The line has undergone several major revisions in its history, notably in 1935, 1949, 1958, and 1990.", "History of Crayola crayons __knowledge__ Numerous specialty crayons have also been produced, complementing the basic Crayola assortment.", "History of Crayola crayons __knowledge__ After several decades producing commercial pigments, Binney & Smith produced their first crayon, the black Staonal Marking Crayon, in 1902.", "History of Crayola crayons __knowledge__ The following year, the company decided to enter the consumer market with its first drawing crayons.", "Red __knowledge__ Red is the colour at the end of the visible spectrum of light, next to orange and opposite violet.", "Red __knowledge__ It has a dominant wavelength of approximately 625–740 nanometres.", "Red __knowledge__ It is a primary color in the RGB color model and the CMYK color model, and is the complementary color of cyan.", "Red __knowledge__ Reds range from the brilliant yellow-tinged scarlet and vermillion to bluish-red crimson, and vary in shade from the pale red pink to the dark red burgundy.", "Red __knowledge__ The red sky at sunset results from Rayleigh scattering, while the red color of the Grand Canyon and other geological features is caused by hematite or red ochre, both forms of iron oxide.", "Color photography __knowledge__ Color (or colour) photography is photography that uses media capable of reproducing colors.", "Color photography __knowledge__ By contrast, black-and-white (monochrome) photography records only a single channel of luminance (brightness) and uses media capable only of showing shades of gray.", "Color photography __knowledge__ In color photography, electronic sensors or light-sensitive chemicals record color information at the time of exposure.", "Color photography __knowledge__ This is usually done by analyzing the spectrum of colors into three channels of information, one dominated by red, another by green and the third by blue, in imitation of the way the normal human eye senses color.", "Color photography __knowledge__ The recorded information is then used to reproduce the original colors by mixing various proportions of red, green and blue light (RGB color, used by video displays, digital projectors and some historical photographic processes), or by using dyes or pigments to remove various proportions of the red, green and blue which are present in white light (CMY color, used for prints on paper and transparencies on film).", "HSL and HSV __knowledge__ HSL (Hue, Saturation, Lightness) and HSV (Hue, Saturation, Value) are two alternative representations of the RGB color model, designed in the 1970s by computer graphics researchers to more closely align with the way human vision perceives color-making attributes.", "HSL and HSV __knowledge__ In these models, colors of each hue are arranged in a radial slice, around a central axis of neutral colors which ranges from black at the bottom to white at the top.", "HSL and HSV __knowledge__ The HSV representation models the way paints of different colors mix together, with the saturation dimension resembling various shades of brightly colored paint, and the value dimension resembling the mixture of those paints with varying amounts of black or white paint." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 2 ]

[ "Purple is a very solid, good color.", "Well it is an intermediate color between red and blue.", "It is not unlike violet but it is also not a synonym for it." ]

[ "Purple", "Purple", "Purple" ]

[ "Animal print", "All kinds? I love cheetah and tiger prints but I'm not too fond of something like zebra.", "It's a little loud for my taste. Maybe it's something for the younger crowd to wear a zebra print dress!", "What are your opinions on actual fur? I think real fur goes a little too far but I'm not against wearing genuine leather." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Animal print __knowledge__ Animal print is a clothing and fashion style in which the garment is made to resemble the pattern of the skin and fur of an animal such as a leopard, cheetah, zebra, tiger, spotted hyena, striped hyena, African wild dog, giraffe or monkey.", "Animal print __knowledge__ Animal print is also used for room decoration, handbags and footwear and even some jewelry.", "Animal print __knowledge__ A major difference between animal prints and fur clothing is that animal prints today very often use fake fur instead of animal coat.", "Animal print __knowledge__ Animal prints have long been a popular style for many reasons.", "Animal print __knowledge__ For one, they are generally expensive and considered rather exotic; hence they are a symbol of wealth and status.", "Animal print __knowledge__ Throughout history, kings and other high people have used animal print rugs and such as a sign of status just as mounted animals are kept as trophies.", "Animal print __knowledge__ Animal print became popular for women in the United States in the late 1960s during the Bohemian movement.", "Animal print __knowledge__ Besides a distinctive natural animal pattern on clothing, \"animal prints\" may also refer to art prints of animals, printed on canvas or paper.", "Animal print __knowledge__ The art prints may replicate the same skin or fur pattern found on the animal, but a flat photographic representation printed on artistic media, such as for as wall decorations." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Animal print __knowledge__ Animal print is a clothing and fashion style in which the garment is made to resemble the pattern of the skin and fur of an animal such as a leopard, cheetah, zebra, tiger, spotted hyena, striped hyena, African wild dog, giraffe or monkey.", "Animal print __knowledge__ Animal print is also used for room decoration, handbags and footwear and even some jewelry.", "Animal print __knowledge__ A major difference between animal prints and fur clothing is that animal prints today very often use fake fur instead of animal coat.", "Animal print __knowledge__ Animal prints have long been a popular style for many reasons.", "Animal print __knowledge__ For one, they are generally expensive and considered rather exotic; hence they are a symbol of wealth and status.", "Animal print __knowledge__ Throughout history, kings and other high people have used animal print rugs and such as a sign of status just as mounted animals are kept as trophies.", "Animal print __knowledge__ Animal print became popular for women in the United States in the late 1960s during the Bohemian movement.", "Animal print __knowledge__ Besides a distinctive natural animal pattern on clothing, \"animal prints\" may also refer to art prints of animals, printed on canvas or paper.", "Animal print __knowledge__ The art prints may replicate the same skin or fur pattern found on the animal, but a flat photographic representation printed on artistic media, such as for as wall decorations.", "Cheetah __knowledge__ The cheetah (\"Acinonyx jubatus\") is a large felid of the subfamily Felinae that occurs mainly in eastern and southern Africa and a few parts of Iran.", "Cheetah __knowledge__ It is the fastest land animal.", "Cheetah __knowledge__ The only extant member of the genus \"Acinonyx\", the cheetah was formally described by Johann Christian Daniel von Schreber in 1775.", "Cheetah __knowledge__ The cheetah is characterised by a slender body, deep chest, spotted coat, small rounded head, black tear-like streaks on the face, long thin legs and long spotted tail.", "Cheetah __knowledge__ Its lightly built, slender form is in sharp contrast with the robust build of the big cats, making it more similar to the cougar.", "Cheetah (comics) __knowledge__ The Cheetah is a fictional character, created by William Moulton Marston, and appearing in DC Comics publications and related media, commonly as a major adversary of the superhero Wonder Woman.", "Cheetah (comics) __knowledge__ Like many of the other villains created by William Moulton Marston, Cheetah was created as another allegory for emotionally misaligned people who needed emotional re-education by a love leader (Wonder Woman).", "Cheetah (comics) __knowledge__ There have been four different incarnations of the Cheetah since the character's debut: Priscilla Rich (the Golden and Silver Age Cheetah), Deborah Domaine (the Bronze Age Cheetah), Barbara Ann Minerva (the post-Crisis and current Cheetah), and Sebastian Ballesteros (a male usurper who briefly assumed the role in 2001).", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that appear in \"\".", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The characters are listed in alphabetical order.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ Most characters are seen in their classic appearance (Catwoman, Green Arrow), while others (Blue Beetle) have their current costume.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ Some have even been re-imagined for the show (the Outsiders).", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The characters are described below using in-universe tone.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ 'Mazing Man is a short man who dresses up as a superhero.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ In the \"Kitty Catastrophe\" segment of \"Four Star Spectacular\", he is the accident-prone catsitter for a couple named Owen and Fiona.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ It is apparent that Batman is his favorite superhero and the inspiration for his costume.", "South African cheetah __knowledge__ The South African cheetah (\"Acinonyx jubatus jubatus\"), also known as the Namibian cheetah, is the most numerous and the nominate cheetah subspecies native to Southern Africa.", "South African cheetah __knowledge__ Since 1986, it has been classified as Vulnerable by the IUCN.", "South African cheetah __knowledge__ The South African cheetah live mainly in the lowland areas and deserts of the Kalahari, the savannahs of Okavango Delta and the grasslands of the Transvaal region in South Africa.", "South African cheetah __knowledge__ In Namibia, cheetahs are mostly found in farmlands.", "South African cheetah __knowledge__ The South African cheetah was first described by the German zoologist Johann Christian Daniel von Schreber under the trinomen \"Felis jubatus jubatus\" in the Dutch Cape Colony in 1775.", "Quagga __knowledge__ The quagga ( or ) (\"Equus quagga quagga\") is an extinct subspecies of plains zebra that lived in South Africa until the 19th century.", "Quagga __knowledge__ It was long thought to be a distinct species, but genetic studies have shown it to be the southernmost subspecies of plains zebra.", "Quagga __knowledge__ It is considered particularly close to Burchell's zebra.", "Quagga __knowledge__ Its name was derived from its call, which sounded like \"kwa-ha-ha\".", "Quagga __knowledge__ The quagga is believed to have been around long and tall at the shoulder.", "Quagga __knowledge__ It was distinguished from other zebras by its limited pattern of primarily brown and white stripes, mainly on the front part of the body.", "Asiatic cheetah __knowledge__ The Asiatic cheetah (\"Acinonyx jubatus venaticus\"), also known as Iranian cheetah is a Critically Endangered cheetah subspecies surviving today only in Iran.", "Asiatic cheetah __knowledge__ It once occurred from the Arabian Peninsula and the Near East to the Kyzylkum Desert, Caspian region, Pakistan and India, but has been extirpated there during the 20th century.", "Asiatic cheetah __knowledge__ The Asiatic cheetah survives in protected areas in the eastern-central arid region of Iran, where the human population density is very low.", "Asiatic cheetah __knowledge__ Between December 2011 and November 2013, 84 individuals were sighted in 14 different protected areas, and 82 individuals were identified from camera trap photographs.", "Lion __knowledge__ The lion (\"Panthera leo\") is a species in the family Felidae and a member of the genus \"Panthera\".", "Lion __knowledge__ It has been listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List since 1996, as populations in African range countries declined by about 43% since the early 1990s.", "Lion __knowledge__ Lion populations are untenable outside designated protected areas.", "Lion __knowledge__ Although the cause of the decline is not fully understood, habitat loss and conflicts with humans are the greatest causes of concern.", "Lion __knowledge__ The West African lion population is listed as Critically Endangered since 2016.", "Lion __knowledge__ The only lion population in Asia survives in and around India's Gir Forest National Park and is listed as Endangered since 1986.", "Paris Hilton __knowledge__ Paris Whitney Hilton (born February 17, 1981) is an American businesswoman, socialite, television and media personality, model, actress, singer, and DJ.", "Paris Hilton __knowledge__ She is the great-granddaughter of Conrad Hilton, the founder of Hilton Hotels.", "Paris Hilton __knowledge__ Born in New York City and raised there and in Beverly Hills, California, Hilton began her modeling career as a teenager when she signed with New York-based modeling development agency Trump Model Management.", "Paris Hilton __knowledge__ Her lifestyle and rumored short-lived relationships made her a feature of entertainment news and tabloid magazines, and Hilton was proclaimed \"New York's leading It girl\" in 2001.", "Bitch I'm Madonna __knowledge__ \"Bitch I'm Madonna\" is a song by American singer Madonna from her thirteenth studio album, \"Rebel Heart\" (2015), featuring guest vocals from rapper Nicki Minaj.", "Bitch I'm Madonna __knowledge__ The artists co-wrote the song with MoZella, Toby Gad, Ariel Rechtshaid, Diplo, and Sophie; the latter two co-produced it with Madonna.", "Bitch I'm Madonna __knowledge__ It was released as the third single from the album by Interscope Records on June 15, 2015, along with a number of remixes commissioned.", "Bitch I'm Madonna __knowledge__ An EDM song, its lyrics speak about Madonna having continuous fun because she is Madonna.", "Bitch I'm Madonna __knowledge__ The song divided music critics, as some called it \"energetic\", applauding Minaj's rap verse and its unusual composition, while others criticized it for being \"desperate to shock\".", "Discrimination based on skin color __knowledge__ Discrimination based on skin color, also known as colorism or shadeism, is a form of prejudice or discrimination in which people are treated differently based on the social meanings attached to skin color.", "Discrimination based on skin color __knowledge__ \"Colorism\", a term coined by Alice Walker in 1982, is not a synonym for \"racism\".", "Discrimination based on skin color __knowledge__ Numerous factors can contribute to \"race\" (including ancestry); therefore, racial categorization does not solely rely on skin color.", "Discrimination based on skin color __knowledge__ Skin color is only one mechanism used to assign individuals to a racial category, but race is the set of beliefs and assumptions assigned to that category.", "Discrimination based on skin color __knowledge__ Racism is the dependence of social status on the social meaning attached to race; colorism is the dependence of social status on skin color \"alone\".", "Dayna McLeod __knowledge__ Dayna McLeod (born 1972) is a Montreal based performance artist and video artist whose work often includes topics of feminism, queer identity, and sexuality.", "Dayna McLeod __knowledge__ She has a Diploma in Sculpture from the Alberta College of Art and Design and an M.F.A.", "Dayna McLeod __knowledge__ in Open Media from Concordia University.", "Dayna McLeod __knowledge__ She is currently competing a Ph.D in Humanities at The Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies in Society and Culture at Concordia University.", "Dayna McLeod __knowledge__ A regular performer at Montreal's Kiss My Cabaret, Meow Mix, Le Boudoir, and Edgy Women Festival, McLeod's work utilizes performance-based, remix and cabaret and practices.", "Dayna McLeod __knowledge__ She has performed in ten annual editions of the Edgy Women Festival and her work has been shown internationally.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA ; stylized PeTA) is an American animal rights organization based in Norfolk, Virginia, and led by Ingrid Newkirk, its international president.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ A nonprofit corporation with nearly 400 employees, it claims that it has 6.5 million members and supporters, in addition to claiming that it is the largest animal rights group in the world.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ Its slogan is \"Animals are not ours to eat, wear, experiment on, use for entertainment, or abuse in any other way.\"", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ Founded in March 1980 by Newkirk and fellow animal rights activist Alex Pacheco, the organization first caught the public's attention in the summer of 1981 during what became known as the Silver Spring monkeys case, a widely publicized dispute about experiments conducted on 17 macaque monkeys inside the Institute of Behavioral Research in Silver Spring, Maryland.", "Parking Lot (song) __knowledge__ \"Parking Lot\" is a song by Canadian recording artist Nelly Furtado, taken from her fifth studio album, \"The Spirit Indestructible\" (2012).", "Parking Lot (song) __knowledge__ The song was written by Furtado and co-written and produced by Rodney \"Darkchild\" Jerkins, who also produced her two previous singles \"Big Hoops\" and \"Spirit Indestructible\".", "Parking Lot (song) __knowledge__ It was released as the third single from the album on September 17, 2012.", "Parking Lot (song) __knowledge__ It is an upbeat, mid-tempo song, featuring marching band, strong drums, sing-along chants, and a cowbell in the background.", "Parking Lot (song) __knowledge__ The song received favorable from music critics, with some highlighting it as the best single from the album and commending her half-singing, half-rapping mode and called it a nostalgic track." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Animal print __knowledge__ Animal print is a clothing and fashion style in which the garment is made to resemble the pattern of the skin and fur of an animal such as a leopard, cheetah, zebra, tiger, spotted hyena, striped hyena, African wild dog, giraffe or monkey.", "Animal print __knowledge__ Animal print is also used for room decoration, handbags and footwear and even some jewelry.", "Animal print __knowledge__ A major difference between animal prints and fur clothing is that animal prints today very often use fake fur instead of animal coat.", "Animal print __knowledge__ Animal prints have long been a popular style for many reasons.", "Animal print __knowledge__ For one, they are generally expensive and considered rather exotic; hence they are a symbol of wealth and status.", "Animal print __knowledge__ Throughout history, kings and other high people have used animal print rugs and such as a sign of status just as mounted animals are kept as trophies.", "Animal print __knowledge__ Animal print became popular for women in the United States in the late 1960s during the Bohemian movement.", "Animal print __knowledge__ Besides a distinctive natural animal pattern on clothing, \"animal prints\" may also refer to art prints of animals, printed on canvas or paper.", "Animal print __knowledge__ The art prints may replicate the same skin or fur pattern found on the animal, but a flat photographic representation printed on artistic media, such as for as wall decorations.", "List of Pearls Before Swine characters __knowledge__ This is a partial list of major and secondary characters in the comic strip \"Pearls Before Swine\" by Stephan Pastis.", "List of Pearls Before Swine characters __knowledge__ Rat is a megalomaniacal, misanthropic rat, who is frequently critical of the strip's style and artwork, as well as the other characters in his and other strips, real life people, and almost all living (and often nonliving) things.", "List of Pearls Before Swine characters __knowledge__ He believes himself to be much more intelligent than he actually is, and thinks more or less anybody else is stupid with the only person he believes worthy of his respect being Leonardo da Vinci.", "List of Pearls Before Swine characters __knowledge__ He tends to irritate people, particularly his intelligent friend Goat, and is easily irritated by his naïve, dim-witted housemate Pig.", "Guilty (Ayumi Hamasaki album) __knowledge__ Guilty (capitalized as GUILTY) is the ninth studio album by Japanese recording artist Ayumi Hamasaki.", "Guilty (Ayumi Hamasaki album) __knowledge__ It was released on January 1, 2008 by Avex Trax.", "Guilty (Ayumi Hamasaki album) __knowledge__ \"Guilty\" marks Hamasaki's ninth consecutive album to be fully produced by Japanese producer and manager Max Matsuura, while she contributes to the album as the lead vocalist, background vocalist, and songwriter to all songs.", "Guilty (Ayumi Hamasaki album) __knowledge__ Recorded in Japanese with minor phrases in English, \"Guilty\" is a rock album with numerous musical elements such as rock, heavy metal, electronic music, and pop ballad melodies.", "Guilty (Ayumi Hamasaki album) __knowledge__ \"Guilty\" was recorded in Japan and the United States of America, making it Hamasaki's third album recorded in the US.", "Messy Little Raindrops __knowledge__ Messy Little Raindrops is the second studio album by British recording artist Cheryl Cole, released on 29 October 2010 by Fascination Records.", "Messy Little Raindrops __knowledge__ The project is the follow-up to Cole's multi-platinum debut solo album \"3 Words\" (2009), following seven successful years as a member of girl group Girls Aloud.", "Messy Little Raindrops __knowledge__ Recorded in Los Angeles and London, Cole mainly worked with Wayne Wilkins, who previously produced Cole's number one debut single \"Fight for This Love\".", "Messy Little Raindrops __knowledge__ The album utilises more of a dance-pop sound than Cole's previous album.", "Messy Little Raindrops __knowledge__ It received generally mixed reviews from contemporary music critics.", "Messy Little Raindrops __knowledge__ It was preceded by the lead single, \"Promise This\", peaking at number one in Ireland and the UK.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Victorious Dolls __knowledge__ Victorious Dolls is a celebrity doll line released by Spin Master in 2011 based on Nickelodeon's \"Victorious\" TV show.", "Victorious Dolls __knowledge__ The dolls are representations of all the female characters of the show.", "Victorious Dolls __knowledge__ The dolls were originally seen in the 2011 American International Toy Fair.", "Victorious Dolls __knowledge__ The only character then was Tori, which had her fashion doll and a doll that sang Make it Shine, the theme song to the show.", "Victorious Dolls __knowledge__ The other two dolls were released in October 2011.", "Victorious Dolls __knowledge__ In 2012, a new line of dolls were seen in Walmart in January 2012.", "Victorious Dolls __knowledge__ At the 2012 toy fair, they were seen and said to have not been released yet, which led to some confusion.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ This is a list of \"Strawberry Shortcake\" characters.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ There are (at this writing) four distinct continuities in which Strawberry Shortcake's adventures take place: The original, 1980s version, the 2003 reboot, the 2009/2010 reboot and the upcoming 2018 reboot.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Many of Strawberry Shortcake's friends appear in more than one continuity, and their appearance and/or characterization can vary greatly between versions.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Distinct traits will be noted in each of the circas in which a character happens to appear.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Strawberry Shortcake is the protagonist and the title character of \"The World of Strawberry Shortcake\" franchise.", "Plains zebra __knowledge__ The plains zebra (\"Equus quagga\", formerly \"Equus burchellii\"), also known as the common zebra or Burchell's zebra, or locally as the \"quagga\" (not to be confused with the extinct subspecies), is the most common and geographically widespread species of zebra.", "Plains zebra __knowledge__ It ranges from the south of Ethiopia through East Africa to as far south as Botswana and eastern South Africa.", "Plains zebra __knowledge__ The plains zebra remains common in game reserves, but is threatened by human activities such as hunting for its meat and hide, as well as competition with livestock and encroachment by farming on much of its habitat.", "Plains zebra __knowledge__ Subspecies include the extinct quagga and six recognised extant subspecies, though there is great variation in coat patterns between individuals.", "Zebra mussel __knowledge__ The zebra mussel (\"Dreissena polymorpha\") is a small freshwater mussel.", "Zebra mussel __knowledge__ This species was originally native to the lakes of southern Russia and Ukraine, being first described in 1769 by the German zoologist Peter Simon Pallas in the Ural, Volga, and Dnieper rivers.", "Zebra mussel __knowledge__ However, the zebra mussel has been accidentally introduced to numerous other areas, and has become an invasive species in many different countries worldwide.", "Zebra mussel __knowledge__ Since the 1980s, they have invaded the Great Lakes and the Hudson River.", "Zebra mussel __knowledge__ They are commonly found on the bottom of ships and eat the algae that is food for fish.", "Zebra mussel __knowledge__ Inspectors check ships for the mussels before they leave port.", "Zebra __knowledge__ Zebras ( or ) are several species of African equids (horse family) united by their distinctive black and white striped coats.", "Zebra __knowledge__ Their stripes come in different patterns, unique to each individual.", "Zebra __knowledge__ They are generally social animals that live in small harems to large herds.", "Zebra __knowledge__ Unlike their closest relatives, horses and donkeys, zebras have never been truly domesticated.", "Zebra __knowledge__ There are three species of zebras: the plains zebra, the mountain zebra and the Grévy's zebra.", "Zebra __knowledge__ The plains zebra and the mountain zebra belong to the subgenus \"Hippotigris\", but Grévy's zebra is the sole species of subgenus \"Dolichohippus\".", "Quagga __knowledge__ The quagga ( or ) (\"Equus quagga quagga\") is an extinct subspecies of plains zebra that lived in South Africa until the 19th century.", "Quagga __knowledge__ It was long thought to be a distinct species, but genetic studies have shown it to be the southernmost subspecies of plains zebra.", "Quagga __knowledge__ It is considered particularly close to Burchell's zebra.", "Quagga __knowledge__ Its name was derived from its call, which sounded like \"kwa-ha-ha\".", "Quagga __knowledge__ The quagga is believed to have been around long and tall at the shoulder.", "Quagga __knowledge__ It was distinguished from other zebras by its limited pattern of primarily brown and white stripes, mainly on the front part of the body.", "Mountain zebra __knowledge__ The mountain zebra (\"Equus zebra\") is a threatened species in the family Equidae.", "Mountain zebra __knowledge__ It is native to south-western Angola, Namibia and South Africa.", "Mountain zebra __knowledge__ The mountain zebra comprises two subspecies: In 2004, C. P. Groves and C. H. Bell investigated the taxonomy of the zebras (genus \"Equus\", subgenus \"Hippotigris\").", "Mountain zebra __knowledge__ They concluded that the mountain zebra (\"Equus zebra zebra\") and Hartmann's mountain zebra (\"Equus zebra hartmannea\") are distinct, and suggested that the two would be better classified as separate species, \"Equus zebra\" and \"Equus hartmannae\".", "Mountain zebra __knowledge__ However, in a sexual genetic study that included 295 mountain zebra specimens, Moodley and Harley (2005) found nothing to support the separation of the two mountain zebra populations into separate species.", "HMS Zebra (1780) __knowledge__ HMS \"Zebra\" was a 16-gun (later 18-gun) \"Zebra\"-class ship sloop of the Royal Navy, launched on 31 August 1780 at Gravesend.", "HMS Zebra (1780) __knowledge__ She was the second ship to bear the name.", "HMS Zebra (1780) __knowledge__ After twenty years of service, including involvement in the West Indies campaigns during the French Revolutionary Wars, she was converted into a bomb vessel in 1798.", "HMS Zebra (1780) __knowledge__ In this capacity she took part in attacks on French ports, and was present at both battles of Copenhagen.", "HMS Zebra (1780) __knowledge__ The Navy sold her in 1812.", "HMS Zebra (1780) __knowledge__ \"Zebra\" was built to a design by Edward Hunt, and launched and commissioned in August 1780 under Commander John Bourchier.", "HMS Zebra (1780) __knowledge__ She then served in the Downs Squadron during the closing stages of the American Revolutionary War." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Animal print __knowledge__ Animal print is a clothing and fashion style in which the garment is made to resemble the pattern of the skin and fur of an animal such as a leopard, cheetah, zebra, tiger, spotted hyena, striped hyena, African wild dog, giraffe or monkey.", "Animal print __knowledge__ Animal print is also used for room decoration, handbags and footwear and even some jewelry.", "Animal print __knowledge__ A major difference between animal prints and fur clothing is that animal prints today very often use fake fur instead of animal coat.", "Animal print __knowledge__ Animal prints have long been a popular style for many reasons.", "Animal print __knowledge__ For one, they are generally expensive and considered rather exotic; hence they are a symbol of wealth and status.", "Animal print __knowledge__ Throughout history, kings and other high people have used animal print rugs and such as a sign of status just as mounted animals are kept as trophies.", "Animal print __knowledge__ Animal print became popular for women in the United States in the late 1960s during the Bohemian movement.", "Animal print __knowledge__ Besides a distinctive natural animal pattern on clothing, \"animal prints\" may also refer to art prints of animals, printed on canvas or paper.", "Animal print __knowledge__ The art prints may replicate the same skin or fur pattern found on the animal, but a flat photographic representation printed on artistic media, such as for as wall decorations.", "Fake fur __knowledge__ For the manga, see Fake Fur (manga) Fake fur, also called fun fur or faux fur, is any material made of cellulose or synthetic fibers designed to resemble fur, normally as part of a piece of clothing.", "Fake fur __knowledge__ It was first introduced in 1929 and has been commercially available since the 1950s, but its increasing popularity has been credited to its promotion by animal rights and animal welfare organizations which claim that it is an animal-friendly alternative to traditional fur clothing.", "Fake fur __knowledge__ Fake fur is used for all purposes where otherwise real fur (of animal origin) would be used, but also for stuffed animals, fashion accessory and home decorations like pillows, bedding and throws.", "Conservation and restoration of fur objects __knowledge__ The conservation and restoration of fur objects is the preservation and protection of objects made from or containing fur.", "Conservation and restoration of fur objects __knowledge__ These pieces can include personal items like fur clothing or objects of cultural heritage that are housed in museums and collections.", "Conservation and restoration of fur objects __knowledge__ When dealing with the latter, a conservator-restorer often handles their care, whereas, for the public, professional furriers can be found in many neighborhoods.", "Conservation and restoration of fur objects __knowledge__ Pelts are defined as the skin of an animal that still has the hair or fur intact.", "Conservation and restoration of fur objects __knowledge__ Animals used for traditional fur objects alternate between a winter and summer coat.", "Conservation and restoration of fur objects __knowledge__ The winter coats of animals are normally more desirable because they are thicker and fuller than the summer coats.", "Fur clothing __knowledge__ Fur clothing is clothing made of furry animal hides.", "Fur clothing __knowledge__ Fur is one of the oldest forms of clothing, and is thought to have been widely used as hominids first expanded outside Africa.", "Fur clothing __knowledge__ Some view fur as luxurious and warm; however, others reject it due to moral beliefs.", "Fur clothing __knowledge__ The term 'fur' is often used to refer to a coat, wrap, or shawl made from the fur of animals.", "Fur clothing __knowledge__ Controversy exists regarding the wearing of fur coats, due to animal cruelty concerns.", "Fur clothing __knowledge__ The most popular kinds of fur in the 1960s (known as the luxury fur) were blond mink, silver striped fox and red fox.", "Fur clothing __knowledge__ These were mainly bought by the rich.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Friday the 13th is an American horror franchise that consists of twelve slasher films, a television show, novels, and comic books.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ The main villain in the series is Jason Voorhees, who drowned at Camp Crystal Lake as a boy due to the negligence of the teenage counselors.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Decades later, the lake is rumored to be \"cursed\" and is the setting for a series of mass murders.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Jason is featured in all of the films, either as the killer or as the motivation for the killings.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Each entry in the series features a different cast of characters, including a final girl who defeats the killer in the end.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Recurring characters in the series include Jason's vengeful mother Pamela Voorhees, Alice Hardy, Tommy Jarvis and Crazy Ralph.", "Fur farming __knowledge__ Fur farming is the practice of breeding or raising certain types of animals for their fur.", "Fur farming __knowledge__ Fur used from animals caught in the wild is not considered farmed fur, and is instead known as 'wild fur'.", "Fur farming __knowledge__ Most of the world’s farmed fur is produced by European farmers.", "Fur farming __knowledge__ There are 6,000 fur farms in the EU.", "Fur farming __knowledge__ The EU accounts for 63% of global mink production and 70% of fox production.", "Fur farming __knowledge__ Denmark is the leading mink-producing country, accounting for approximately 28% of world production.", "Fur farming __knowledge__ Other major producers include China, the Netherlands, the Baltic states, and the U.S. Finland is the largest United States supplier of fox pelts.", "Seal hunting __knowledge__ Seal hunting, or sealing, is the personal or commercial hunting of seals.", "Seal hunting __knowledge__ Seal hunting is currently practiced in eight countries and one region of Denmark: Canada, Namibia, Iceland, Norway, Russia, Finland, Sweden, and Greenland.", "Seal hunting __knowledge__ Most of the world's seal hunting takes place in Canada and Greenland.", "Seal hunting __knowledge__ Canada's largest market for seals is Norway.", "Seal hunting __knowledge__ The Canadian Department of Fisheries and Oceans (DFO) regulates the seal hunt in Canada.", "Seal hunting __knowledge__ It sets quotas (total allowable catch – TAC), monitors the hunt, studies the seal population, works with the Canadian Sealers' Association to train sealers on new regulations, and promotes sealing through its website and spokespeople.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Fake Fur (manga) __knowledge__ The first story in \"Fake Fur\" concerns a schoolboy, Yamashita who learns he is gay, and falls in love with his straight classmate Kubo, who moves away.", "Fake Fur (manga) __knowledge__ Although Yamashita has sex with an older man, Reni, and later enters a relationship with his college roommate Fukuzawa, Yamashita finds he cannot fall in love, until he realizes Fukuzawa might leave him.", "Fake Fur (manga) __knowledge__ The second story in \"Fake Fur\" concerns a runaway, Maki, who has an encounter with Reni.", "Fake Fur (manga) __knowledge__ The prequel, \"Manic Love\", explores Maki's background and concerns a love triangle between him, his math teacher, and a fellow teacher.", "Fake Fur (manga) __knowledge__ Danielle Van Gorder, writing for Mania Entertainment, described the art of \"Fake Fur\" as \"sketchy\", but felt that this was not due to lack of skill on Yamagata's part and enhanced the emotional qualities of the work.", "North American fur trade __knowledge__ The North American fur trade was the industry and activities related to the acquisition, trade, exchange, and sale of animal furs in North America.", "North American fur trade __knowledge__ Aboriginal peoples in Canada and Native Americans in the United States of different regions traded among themselves in the Pre-Columbian Era, but Europeans participated in the trade beginning from the time of their arrival in the New World and extended its reach to Europe.", "North American fur trade __knowledge__ The French started trading in the 16th century, the English established trading posts on Hudson Bay in present-day Canada in the 17th century, and the Dutch had trade by the same time in New Netherland.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ The manga series \"Rurouni Kenshin\" features a large cast of fictional characters created by Nobuhiro Watsuki.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ Set in Japan during the Meiji period, several of the characters are real historical figures who interact with the fictional characters.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ The story follows a pacifist wanderer named Himura Kenshin, who was previously an assassin known as \"\"Hitokiri Battōsai\"\" working for the Isshin Shishi during the Bakumatsu period.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ After helping Kamiya Kaoru, the instructor of a kendo school in Tokyo, in defeating a criminal he is invited by her to stay at her dojo.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ During his stay in Tokyo, Kenshin befriends new people including Myōjin Yahiko, a young child descendant from a samurai family who starts training under Kaoru, Sagara Sanosuke, a former Sekihō who enjoys fighting, and Takani Megumi, a doctor involved with the illegal drug trade." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 12 ]

[ "I just love animal print on clothing. I think it's fun! How do you feel about it?", "I don't mind Zebra, but I'd probably prefer it more for decoration or handbags.", "Well, that's true... and since is all fake fur instead of actual the actual zebra's skin, I think the younger generation might go for it!", "Oh, I'm totally against actual fur... unless it's like mink - cause those rodents can all die! HA! But \"real\" animals? No way. And funny about leather. I feel the same. " ]

[ "Animal print", "Animal print", "Animal print", "Animal print" ]

[ "Ice cream", "I love ice cream! I haven't had any in a while though", "They are good. I prefer non-dairy ice cream though " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Ice cream (derived from earlier iced cream or cream ice) is a sweetened frozen food typically eaten as a snack or dessert.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ It is usually made from dairy products, such as milk and cream, and often combined with fruits or other ingredients and flavors.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ It is typically sweetened with sugar or sugar substitutes.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Typically, flavourings and colourings are added in addition to stabilizers.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ The mixture is stirred to incorporate air spaces and cooled below the freezing point of water to prevent detectable ice crystals from forming.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ The result is a smooth, semi-solid foam that is solid at very low temperatures (< ).", "Ice cream __knowledge__ It becomes more malleable as its temperature increases.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ The meaning of the phrase \"ice cream\" varies from one country to another.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Phrases such as \"frozen custard\", \"frozen yogurt\", \"sorbet\", \"gelato\" and others are used to distinguish different varieties and styles.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ In some countries, such as the United States, the phrase \"ice cream\" applies only to a specific variety, and most governments regulate the commercial use of the various terms according to the relative quantities of the main ingredients, notably the amount of cream.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Products that do not meet the criteria to be called ice cream are labelled \"frozen dairy dessert\" instead." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Ice cream (derived from earlier iced cream or cream ice) is a sweetened frozen food typically eaten as a snack or dessert.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ It is usually made from dairy products, such as milk and cream, and often combined with fruits or other ingredients and flavors.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ It is typically sweetened with sugar or sugar substitutes.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Typically, flavourings and colourings are added in addition to stabilizers.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ The mixture is stirred to incorporate air spaces and cooled below the freezing point of water to prevent detectable ice crystals from forming.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ The result is a smooth, semi-solid foam that is solid at very low temperatures (< ).", "Ice cream __knowledge__ It becomes more malleable as its temperature increases.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ The meaning of the phrase \"ice cream\" varies from one country to another.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Phrases such as \"frozen custard\", \"frozen yogurt\", \"sorbet\", \"gelato\" and others are used to distinguish different varieties and styles.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ In some countries, such as the United States, the phrase \"ice cream\" applies only to a specific variety, and most governments regulate the commercial use of the various terms according to the relative quantities of the main ingredients, notably the amount of cream.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Products that do not meet the criteria to be called ice cream are labelled \"frozen dairy dessert\" instead.", "List of ice cream varieties by country __knowledge__ This article is about the ice cream varieties around the world.", "List of ice cream varieties by country __knowledge__ While industrial ice cream exists in Argentina and can be found in supermarkets, restaurants or kiosks, and ice cream pops are sold on some streets and at the beaches, the most traditional Argentine \"helado\" (ice cream) is very similar to Italian gelato, rather than US-style ice cream, and it has become one of the most popular desserts in the country.", "List of ice cream varieties by country __knowledge__ Among the most famous manufacturers are \"Freddo,\" \"Persicco,\" \"Chungo\", \"Cremolatti\" and \"Munchi's,\" all of them located in Buenos Aires.", "List of ice cream varieties by country __knowledge__ Each city has its own \"heladerías\" (ice cream parlours) which offer different varieties of creamy and water-based ice creams, including both standard and regional flavours.", "Carvel (restaurant) __knowledge__ Carvel is an ice cream franchise owned by Focus Brands.", "Carvel (restaurant) __knowledge__ Carvel is best known for their soft serve ice cream and ice cream cakes, which feature a layer of distinctive 'crunchies'.", "Carvel (restaurant) __knowledge__ It also sells a variety of novelty ice cream bars and ice cream sandwiches.", "Carvel (restaurant) __knowledge__ Carvel was founded and operated by Tom Carvel for its first 60 years.", "Carvel (restaurant) __knowledge__ In 1929, Carvel borrowed $15 ($ today) from his future wife Agnes and used it to buy and operate an ice cream truck.", "Carvel (restaurant) __knowledge__ Over Memorial Day weekend of 1934, Carvel's truck had a flat tire in Hartsdale, New York.", "Carvel (restaurant) __knowledge__ Carvel sold his custard at the site of the breakdown.", "Carvel (restaurant) __knowledge__ Within two days Carvel had sold his entire stock, much of it partly melted.", "Ice cream van __knowledge__ An ice cream van (British) or ice cream truck (American) is a commercial vehicle that serves as a mobile retail outlet for ice cream, usually during the summer.", "Ice cream van __knowledge__ Ice cream vans are often seen parked at public events, or near parks, beaches, or other areas where people congregate.", "Ice cream van __knowledge__ Ice cream vans often travel near where children play — outside schools, in residential areas, or in other locations.", "Ice cream van __knowledge__ They usually stop briefly before moving on to the next street.", "Ice cream van __knowledge__ Ice cream vans are often brightly decorated and carry images of ice cream, or some other adornment, such as cartoon characters.", "Ice cream van __knowledge__ They may have painted-on notices, which can serve a commercial purpose (\"\"Stop me and buy one!\"\")", "Ice cream float __knowledge__ An ice cream float or soda (United States, United Kingdom, Canada, South Africa and East Asia), coke float (United Kingdom), root beer float (United States, Canada) or spider (Australia and New Zealand), is a chilled beverage that consists of ice cream in either a soft drink or in a mixture of flavored syrup and carbonated water.", "Ice cream float __knowledge__ The ice cream float was invented by Robert McCay Green in Philadelphia, PA, in 1874 during the Franklin Institute's semicentennial celebration.", "Ice cream float __knowledge__ The traditional story is that, on a particularly hot day, Mr. Green ran out of cold ice for the flavored drinks he was selling and used vanilla ice cream from a neighboring vendor, thus inventing a new drink.", "Bacon ice cream __knowledge__ Bacon ice cream (or bacon-and-egg ice cream) is an ice cream generally created by adding bacon to egg custard and freezing the mixture.", "Bacon ice cream __knowledge__ The concept of bacon ice cream originated in a 1973 sketch on the British comedy series \"The Two Ronnies\" as a joke; however, it was eventually created for April Fools' Day.", "Bacon ice cream __knowledge__ Heston Blumenthal experimented with the creation of ice cream, making a custard similar to scrambled eggs then adding bacon to create one of his signature dishes.", "Bacon ice cream __knowledge__ It now appears on dessert menus in other restaurants.", "Bacon ice cream __knowledge__ Ice cream is generally expected to be a sweet food, eaten as a dessert, even though there is evidence of savoury ice creams eaten in Victorian times.", "Vanilla ice cream __knowledge__ Vanilla is frequently used to flavor ice cream, especially in North America and Europe.", "Vanilla ice cream __knowledge__ Vanilla ice cream, like other flavors of ice cream, was originally created by cooling a mixture made of cream, sugar, and vanilla above a container of ice and salt.", "Vanilla ice cream __knowledge__ The type of vanilla used to flavor ice cream varies by location.", "Vanilla ice cream __knowledge__ In North America, consumers are interested in a more prominent, smoky flavor, while in France, they want a more anise-like flavor.", "Vanilla ice cream __knowledge__ To create the smooth consistency of ice cream, the mixture has to be stirred occasionally and then returned to the container of ice and salt to continue the solidification process.", "Frozen yogurt __knowledge__ Frozen yogurt (also spelled frozen yoghurt; also known as frogurt or by the tradename Froyo ) is a frozen dessert made with yogurt and sometimes other dairy products.", "Frozen yogurt __knowledge__ It is usually more tart than ice cream, as well as lower in fat (due to the use of milk instead of cream).", "Frozen yogurt __knowledge__ It is different from ice milk (more recently termed low-fat or light ice cream) and conventional soft serve.", "Frozen yogurt __knowledge__ Unlike yogurt, frozen yogurt is not regulated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) but is regulated by some U.S. states.", "Frozen yogurt __knowledge__ Frozen yogurt may or may not contain live and active bacteria cultures.", "Frozen yogurt __knowledge__ People have been eating plain yogurt for over four millennia, particularly in the Middle East and India.", "Milkshake __knowledge__ A milkshake is a sweet, cold beverage which is usually made from milk, ice cream, or iced milk, and flavorings or sweeteners such as butterscotch, caramel sauce, chocolate syrup, or fruit syrup.", "Milkshake __knowledge__ Outside the United States, milkshakes using ice cream or iced milk are sometimes called a thick milkshake or thick shake; in New England, the term frappe may be used to differentiate it from thinner forms of flavored milk.", "Milkshake __knowledge__ Full-service restaurants, soda fountains, and diners usually prepare and mix the shake \"by hand\" from scoops of ice cream and milk in a blender or drink mixer using a stainless steel cup.", "Chocolate ice cream __knowledge__ Chocolate ice cream is ice cream with natural or artificial chocolate flavoring.", "Chocolate ice cream __knowledge__ Chocolate is the second most common flavor of ice cream in the United States, after vanilla.", "Chocolate ice cream __knowledge__ The earliest frozen chocolate recipes were published in Naples, Italy in 1693 in Antonio Latini's \"The Modern Steward\".", "Chocolate ice cream __knowledge__ Chocolate was one of the first ice cream flavors, created before vanilla, as common drinks such as hot chocolate, coffee, and tea were the first food items to be turned into frozen desserts.", "Chocolate ice cream __knowledge__ Hot chocolate had become a popular drink in seventeenth-century Europe, alongside coffee and tea, and all three beverages were used to make frozen and unfrozen desserts." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Ice cream (derived from earlier iced cream or cream ice) is a sweetened frozen food typically eaten as a snack or dessert.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ It is usually made from dairy products, such as milk and cream, and often combined with fruits or other ingredients and flavors.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ It is typically sweetened with sugar or sugar substitutes.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Typically, flavourings and colourings are added in addition to stabilizers.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ The mixture is stirred to incorporate air spaces and cooled below the freezing point of water to prevent detectable ice crystals from forming.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ The result is a smooth, semi-solid foam that is solid at very low temperatures (< ).", "Ice cream __knowledge__ It becomes more malleable as its temperature increases.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ The meaning of the phrase \"ice cream\" varies from one country to another.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Phrases such as \"frozen custard\", \"frozen yogurt\", \"sorbet\", \"gelato\" and others are used to distinguish different varieties and styles.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ In some countries, such as the United States, the phrase \"ice cream\" applies only to a specific variety, and most governments regulate the commercial use of the various terms according to the relative quantities of the main ingredients, notably the amount of cream.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Products that do not meet the criteria to be called ice cream are labelled \"frozen dairy dessert\" instead.", "List of ice cream varieties by country __knowledge__ This article is about the ice cream varieties around the world.", "List of ice cream varieties by country __knowledge__ While industrial ice cream exists in Argentina and can be found in supermarkets, restaurants or kiosks, and ice cream pops are sold on some streets and at the beaches, the most traditional Argentine \"helado\" (ice cream) is very similar to Italian gelato, rather than US-style ice cream, and it has become one of the most popular desserts in the country.", "List of ice cream varieties by country __knowledge__ Among the most famous manufacturers are \"Freddo,\" \"Persicco,\" \"Chungo\", \"Cremolatti\" and \"Munchi's,\" all of them located in Buenos Aires.", "List of ice cream varieties by country __knowledge__ Each city has its own \"heladerías\" (ice cream parlours) which offer different varieties of creamy and water-based ice creams, including both standard and regional flavours.", "Milk substitute __knowledge__ A milk substitute is a liquid meant to replace the milk from a mammal.", "Milk substitute __knowledge__ It is a whitish liquid that resembles milk and is often packaged as a powder to be mixed with water to yield a liquid that resembles milk.", "Milk substitute __knowledge__ Milk substitutes usually contain milk powder in varying proportions of 30 to 80%, with the remainder consisting of other ingredients including whey, palm oil, coconut oil and similar vegetable extracts.", "Milk substitute __knowledge__ Due to their composition, milk substitutes tend to have a longer shelf life and can withstand higher temperatures than milk, without spoiling.", "Milk substitute __knowledge__ A milk substitute is often used to replace dairy milk in tea, coffee, or a recipe.", "Ice cream float __knowledge__ An ice cream float or soda (United States, United Kingdom, Canada, South Africa and East Asia), coke float (United Kingdom), root beer float (United States, Canada) or spider (Australia and New Zealand), is a chilled beverage that consists of ice cream in either a soft drink or in a mixture of flavored syrup and carbonated water.", "Ice cream float __knowledge__ The ice cream float was invented by Robert McCay Green in Philadelphia, PA, in 1874 during the Franklin Institute's semicentennial celebration.", "Ice cream float __knowledge__ The traditional story is that, on a particularly hot day, Mr. Green ran out of cold ice for the flavored drinks he was selling and used vanilla ice cream from a neighboring vendor, thus inventing a new drink.", "House of Flavors __knowledge__ House of Flavors, based in Ludington, Michigan, is a manufacturer of ice cream that is sold throughout the world.", "House of Flavors __knowledge__ They have a 1950s themed ice cream parlor in front of the manufacturing plant.", "House of Flavors __knowledge__ Their signature flavor is their \"Blue Moon\" ice cream.", "House of Flavors __knowledge__ House of Flavors was founded in 1929 when Guy W. Hawley owned a dairy business west of downtown Ludington.", "House of Flavors __knowledge__ The dairy at 402 West Ludington Avenue had no official name then as it was part of a farm operation.", "House of Flavors __knowledge__ Sometime after 1930 Roland Benedict and Albert Bradshaw became partners with Hawley.", "House of Flavors __knowledge__ Albert Miller bought out Benedict and Bradshaw in 1935 and the dairy business became known as Miller's Dairy.", "Hershey Creamery Company __knowledge__ Hershey Creamery Company, also known as Hershey's Ice Cream, is a creamery that produces Hershey's brand ice cream, sorbet, sherbet, and frozen yogurt, and other frozen treats such as smoothies and frozen slab style ice cream mixers.", "Hershey Creamery Company __knowledge__ Founded by Jacob Hershey and four of his brothers in 1894 (all of whom have no relation to Milton S. Hershey and the chocolate company that he founded, also in 1894), it was taken over by the Holder family in the 1920s.", "Hershey Creamery Company __knowledge__ The company was one of the first to offer consumers pre-packaged ice cream pints.", "Hershey Creamery Company __knowledge__ In 1998, it modernized its operations to increase efficiency and reduce overhead.", "Ice cream parlor __knowledge__ Ice cream parlors (or parlours) are restaurants that sell ice cream, gelato, sorbet, and frozen yogurt to consumers.", "Ice cream parlor __knowledge__ Ice cream is typically sold as regular ice cream (also called hard-packed ice cream), gelato, and soft serve, which is usually dispensed by a machine with a limited number of flavors (e.g., chocolate, vanilla, and \"twist\", a mix of the two).", "Ice cream parlor __knowledge__ It is customary for ice cream parlors to offer a number of flavors and items.", "Ice cream parlor __knowledge__ Parlors often serve ice cream and other frozen desserts in cones or in dishes, to be eaten with a spoon.", "Ice cream parlor __knowledge__ Some ice cream parlours prepare ice cream desserts such as sundaes (ice cream topped with syrup, whipped cream and other toppings) or milkshakes.", "Milkshake __knowledge__ A milkshake is a sweet, cold beverage which is usually made from milk, ice cream, or iced milk, and flavorings or sweeteners such as butterscotch, caramel sauce, chocolate syrup, or fruit syrup.", "Milkshake __knowledge__ Outside the United States, milkshakes using ice cream or iced milk are sometimes called a thick milkshake or thick shake; in New England, the term frappe may be used to differentiate it from thinner forms of flavored milk.", "Milkshake __knowledge__ Full-service restaurants, soda fountains, and diners usually prepare and mix the shake \"by hand\" from scoops of ice cream and milk in a blender or drink mixer using a stainless steel cup.", "Ice cream van __knowledge__ An ice cream van (British) or ice cream truck (American) is a commercial vehicle that serves as a mobile retail outlet for ice cream, usually during the summer.", "Ice cream van __knowledge__ Ice cream vans are often seen parked at public events, or near parks, beaches, or other areas where people congregate.", "Ice cream van __knowledge__ Ice cream vans often travel near where children play — outside schools, in residential areas, or in other locations.", "Ice cream van __knowledge__ They usually stop briefly before moving on to the next street.", "Ice cream van __knowledge__ Ice cream vans are often brightly decorated and carry images of ice cream, or some other adornment, such as cartoon characters.", "Ice cream van __knowledge__ They may have painted-on notices, which can serve a commercial purpose (\"\"Stop me and buy one!\"\")", "Sundae __knowledge__ The sundae () is a sweet ice cream dessert.", "Sundae __knowledge__ It typically consists of one or more scoops of ice cream topped with sauce or syrup, and in some cases other toppings including sprinkles, whipped cream, peanuts, maraschino cherries, or other fruits (e.g., bananas and pineapple in a banana split.).", "Sundae __knowledge__ According to the \"Oxford English Dictionary\", the origin of the term \"sundae\" is obscure; however, it is generally accepted that the spelling \"sundae\" derives from the English word \"Sunday\".", "Sundae __knowledge__ Among the many stories about the invention of the sundae, a frequent theme is that the ice cream sundae was a variation of the popular ice cream soda.", "Cream soda __knowledge__ Cream soda is a sweet carbonated soft drink.", "Cream soda __knowledge__ Traditionally flavored with vanilla, and based on the taste of a classic soda, a wide range of variations can be found worldwide.", "Cream soda __knowledge__ A recipe for cream soda—written by E. M. Sheldon and published in \"Michigan Farmer\" in 1852—called for water, cream of tartar (tartaric acid), Epsom salts, sugar, egg, and milk, to be mixed, then heated, and when cool mixed with water and a quarter teaspoonful of soda (sodium bicarbonate) to make an effervescent drink.", "Cream soda __knowledge__ It was suggested as a temperance drink preferable to those of \"Uncle Bacchus\" and in compliance with the recently introduced Maine Law." ] ]

[ 4, 30, 16 ]

[ "Do you like ice cream? Some come with nice flavorings and colorings.", "Ice cream floats are just the best though, aren't they? With the ice cream and soda, that's my favorite.", "Milk substitute might help, have you tried that?" ]

[ "Ice cream", "Ice cream", "Ice cream" ]

[ "Linguine", "i love pasta, semolina especially", "Italian food is wonderful, lasagna, pizza, and the deserts too like tiramisu" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Linguine __knowledge__ Linguine (; ) is type of pasta – like fettuccine and trenette, but elliptical in section rather than flat.", "Linguine __knowledge__ It is about in width, which is wider than spaghetti but not as wide as fettuccine.", "Linguine __knowledge__ The name \"linguine\" means \"little tongues\" in Italian, where it is a plural of the feminine \"linguina\".", "Linguine __knowledge__ Linguine are also called \"trenette\" or \"bavette\".", "Linguine __knowledge__ A thinner version of linguine is called linguettine.", "Linguine __knowledge__ Linguine originated in Genoa and the Liguria region of Italy.", "Linguine __knowledge__ \"Linguine alle vongole\" (linguine with clams) and \"Trenette al pesto\" are popular uses of this pasta.", "Linguine __knowledge__ While spaghetti traditionally accompanies meat and tomato dishes, linguine are often served with seafood or pesto.", "Linguine __knowledge__ Linguine is typically available in both white flour and whole-wheat versions." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Linguine __knowledge__ Linguine (; ) is type of pasta – like fettuccine and trenette, but elliptical in section rather than flat.", "Linguine __knowledge__ It is about in width, which is wider than spaghetti but not as wide as fettuccine.", "Linguine __knowledge__ The name \"linguine\" means \"little tongues\" in Italian, where it is a plural of the feminine \"linguina\".", "Linguine __knowledge__ Linguine are also called \"trenette\" or \"bavette\".", "Linguine __knowledge__ A thinner version of linguine is called linguettine.", "Linguine __knowledge__ Linguine originated in Genoa and the Liguria region of Italy.", "Linguine __knowledge__ \"Linguine alle vongole\" (linguine with clams) and \"Trenette al pesto\" are popular uses of this pasta.", "Linguine __knowledge__ While spaghetti traditionally accompanies meat and tomato dishes, linguine are often served with seafood or pesto.", "Linguine __knowledge__ Linguine is typically available in both white flour and whole-wheat versions.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Pasta () is a staple food of traditional Italian cuisine, with the first reference dating to 1154 in Sicily.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Also commonly used to refer to the variety of pasta dishes, pasta is typically a noodle made from an unleavened dough of a durum wheat flour mixed with water or eggs and formed into sheets or various shapes, then cooked by boiling or baking.", "Pasta __knowledge__ As an alternative for those wanting a different taste, or who need to avoid products containing gluten, some pastas can be made using rice flour in place of wheat.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Pastas may be divided into two broad categories, dried (\"pasta secca\") and fresh (\"pasta fresca\").", "Pasta processing __knowledge__ Pasta processing is the process in which wheat semolina or flour is mixed with water and the dough is extruded to a specific shape, dried and packaged.", "Pasta processing __knowledge__ Durum wheat semolina or flour, common farina or flour, or combination of both is mixed with water and eggs (for egg noodles) and other optional ingredients (like spinach, tomato, herbs and etc.).", "Pasta processing __knowledge__ Usually 25-30 kg of water is added per 100 kg of semolina.", "Pasta processing __knowledge__ The amounts are measured by computerized dispensers.", "Pasta processing __knowledge__ The mixture is then kneaded by auger extruder equipped with mixing paddles and kneading blades to obtain a homogeneous mass, and after that is extruded through various shaped dies.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Semolina __knowledge__ Semolina is the coarse, purified wheat middlings of durum wheat mainly used in making pasta and couscous.", "Semolina __knowledge__ The word \"semolina\" can also refer to sweet dessert made from semolina and milk.", "Semolina __knowledge__ The term semolina is also used to designate coarse middlings from other varieties of wheat, and from other grains, such as rice and maize.", "Semolina __knowledge__ \"Semolina\" is derived from the Italian word \"semola\", meaning 'bran'.", "Semolina __knowledge__ This is derived from the ancient Latin \"simila\", meaning 'flour', itself a borrowing from Greek \"σεμίδαλις (semidalis)\", \"groats\".", "Semolina __knowledge__ The words \"simila, semidalis, groat,\" and \"grain\" may all have similar proto-Indo-European origins as two Sanskrit terms for wheat, \"samita\" and \"godhuma\", or may be loan words from the Semitic root \"smd\" – to grind into groats (\"cf.\"", "Durum __knowledge__ Durum wheat (), also called pasta wheat or macaroni wheat (\"Triticum durum\" or \"Triticum turgidum\" subsp.", "Durum __knowledge__ \"durum\"), is a tetraploid species of wheat.", "Durum __knowledge__ It is the second most cultivated species of wheat after common wheat, although it only represents 5% to 8% of global wheat production.", "Durum __knowledge__ It was developed by artificial selection of the domesticated emmer wheat strains formerly grown in Central Europe and the Near East around 7000 BC, which developed a naked, free-threshing form.", "Durum __knowledge__ Like emmer, durum wheat is awned (with bristles).", "Durum __knowledge__ It is the predominant wheat that grows in the Middle East.", "Durum __knowledge__ \"Durum\" in Latin means \"hard\", and the species is the hardest of all wheats.", "Halva __knowledge__ Halva (\"halawa\", \"alva\", \"haleweh\", \"halava\", \"helava\", \"helva\", \"halwa\", \"halua\", \"aluva\", \"chalva\", \"chałwa\") is any of various dense, sweet confections served across the Middle East, South Asia, Central Asia, West Asia, the Caucasus, North Africa, the Horn of Africa, the Balkans, Central Europe, Eastern Europe, Malta and the Jewish diaspora.", "Halva __knowledge__ In some Indian cultures, the dish is known as a soup-based sweet.", "Halva __knowledge__ Identical sweets exist in other countries, such as China, though these are not generally referred to as \"halva\".", "Halva __knowledge__ In global, popular usage it means \"desserts\" or \"sweet\", and describes two types of desserts: Halva may also be based on various other ingredients, including beans, lentils, and vegetables such as carrots, pumpkins, yams and squashes.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Neapolitan cuisine __knowledge__ Neapolitan cuisine has ancient historical roots that date back to the Greco-Roman period, which was enriched over the centuries by the influence of the different cultures that controlled Naples and its kingdoms, such as that of Aragon and France.", "Neapolitan cuisine __knowledge__ Since Naples was the capital of the Kingdom of Naples, its cuisine took much from the culinary traditions of all the Campania region, reaching a balance between dishes based on rural ingredients (pasta, vegetables, cheese) and seafood dishes (fish, crustaceans, mollusks).", "Neapolitan cuisine __knowledge__ A vast variety of recipes is influenced by the local aristocratic cuisine, such as \"timballo\" and the \"\", pasta or rice dishes with very elaborate preparation, and dishes from popular traditions prepared with inexpensive but nutritionally healthy ingredients, like \"pasta e fagioli\" (pasta with beans) and other pasta dishes with vegetables.", "Bavette (pasta) __knowledge__ Bavette is a type of pasta, a narrower version of tagliatelle.", "Bavette (pasta) __knowledge__ It is a ribbon noodle, similar to spaghetti, that has a flat section and a slightly convex shape.", "Bavette (pasta) __knowledge__ This type of pasta originates in Genoa and are the most typical type of Ligurian pasta cut.", "Bavette (pasta) __knowledge__ Although it can be disputed, Bavette is one of the more ancient types of long pasta.", "Bavette (pasta) __knowledge__ Bavette is most frequently paired with traditional pesto sauces, but also pairs well with vegetables.", "Trenette __knowledge__ Trenette is a type of narrow, flat, dried pasta especially associated with Genoa and Liguria.", "Trenette __knowledge__ Trenette is the most traditional form of pasta served with pesto alla genovese, a dish known as trenette al pesto, which can also include potatoes and green beans boiled in the same water." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Linguine __knowledge__ Linguine (; ) is type of pasta – like fettuccine and trenette, but elliptical in section rather than flat.", "Linguine __knowledge__ It is about in width, which is wider than spaghetti but not as wide as fettuccine.", "Linguine __knowledge__ The name \"linguine\" means \"little tongues\" in Italian, where it is a plural of the feminine \"linguina\".", "Linguine __knowledge__ Linguine are also called \"trenette\" or \"bavette\".", "Linguine __knowledge__ A thinner version of linguine is called linguettine.", "Linguine __knowledge__ Linguine originated in Genoa and the Liguria region of Italy.", "Linguine __knowledge__ \"Linguine alle vongole\" (linguine with clams) and \"Trenette al pesto\" are popular uses of this pasta.", "Linguine __knowledge__ While spaghetti traditionally accompanies meat and tomato dishes, linguine are often served with seafood or pesto.", "Linguine __knowledge__ Linguine is typically available in both white flour and whole-wheat versions.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ Elizabeth David, CBE (born Elizabeth Gwynne, 26 December 1913 – 22 May 1992) was a British cookery writer.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ In the mid-20th century she strongly influenced the revitalisation of home cookery in her native country and beyond with articles and books about European cuisines and traditional British dishes.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ Born to an upper-class family, David rebelled against social norms of the day.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ In the 1930s she studied art in Paris, became an actress, and ran off with a married man with whom she sailed in a small boat to Italy, where their boat was confiscated.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ They reached Greece, where they were nearly trapped by the German invasion in 1941, but escaped to Egypt, where they parted.", "Elizabeth David bibliography __knowledge__ Elizabeth David, the British cookery writer, published eight books in the 34 years between 1950 and 1984; the last was issued eight years before her death.", "Elizabeth David bibliography __knowledge__ After David's death, her literary executor, Jill Norman, supervised the publication of eight more books, drawing on David's unpublished manuscripts and research and on her published writings for books and magazines.", "Elizabeth David bibliography __knowledge__ David's first five books, particularly the earlier works, contained recipes interspersed with literary quotation and descriptions of people and places that inspired her.", "Elizabeth David bibliography __knowledge__ By the time of her third book, \"Italian Food\", David had begun to add sections about the history of the cuisine and the particular dishes that she wrote about.", "Louis Lasagna __knowledge__ Louis Lasagna (February 22, 1923 – August 6, 2003) was an American physician and professor of medicine, known for his revision of the Hippocratic Oath.", "Louis Lasagna __knowledge__ Louis Cesare Lasagna was an internationally recognized and respected expert in clinical pharmacology.", "Louis Lasagna __knowledge__ Born in Queens, New York in 1923, Lasagna was raised in New Brunswick, New Jersey, by his Italian immigrant parents.", "Louis Lasagna __knowledge__ He graduated from Rutgers University in 1943 and earned his medical degree from Columbia University in 1947.", "Louis Lasagna __knowledge__ During his time at Rutgers University, he joined Kappa Sigma Fraternity (Gamma-Upsilon).", "Louis Lasagna __knowledge__ After completing a clinical research fellowship in anesthesia at Harvard Medical School, Lasagna joined the faculty of Johns Hopkins University in 1954, where he established the first ever clinical pharmacology department.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "Solitary (TV series) __knowledge__ Solitary is a reality show on the Fox Reality Channel whose contestants were kept in round-the-clock solitary confinement for a number of weeks with the goal of being the last contestant remaining in solitary, for a $50,000 prize.", "Solitary (TV series) __knowledge__ It was the channel's first original series commission with its debut on May 29, 2006.", "Solitary (TV series) __knowledge__ The last season, \"Solitary 4.0\", ended on March 20, 2010.", "Solitary (TV series) __knowledge__ A German version is broadcast on German TV channel ProSieben.", "Solitary (TV series) __knowledge__ Solitary 3.0 also broadcast in Singapore.", "Solitary (TV series) __knowledge__ The show calls itself a \"social experiment\" in determining the physical and mental endurance of the competitors.", "Solitary (TV series) __knowledge__ The show's theme is based on solitary confinement; accordingly, the contestants are placed in isolated pods, with only an artificial intelligence named Val to communicate with.", "List of Garfield characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters in the Garfield comic strip, created by Jim Davis.", "List of Garfield characters __knowledge__ It includes notable characters from the comic strip as well as cartoons, and movies centered on the Garfield character, and is organized by what medium they appeared in first.", "List of Garfield characters __knowledge__ First Appearance: June 19, 1978 Garfield is the strip's title character.", "List of Garfield characters __knowledge__ He is a lazy, fat Orange Tabby.", "List of Garfield characters __knowledge__ He also appears to be more anthropomorphic and/or humanoid-like as the series passes by and there are more strips being made.", "List of Garfield characters __knowledge__ He is usually depicted eating or sleeping.", "List of Garfield characters __knowledge__ His favorite food is lasagna.", "List of Garfield characters __knowledge__ Hates Mondays, spiders and raisins.", "List of Garfield characters __knowledge__ Loves bullying Odie and mailing Nermal to Abu Dhabi for being annoying.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Pasta () is a staple food of traditional Italian cuisine, with the first reference dating to 1154 in Sicily.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Also commonly used to refer to the variety of pasta dishes, pasta is typically a noodle made from an unleavened dough of a durum wheat flour mixed with water or eggs and formed into sheets or various shapes, then cooked by boiling or baking.", "Pasta __knowledge__ As an alternative for those wanting a different taste, or who need to avoid products containing gluten, some pastas can be made using rice flour in place of wheat.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Pastas may be divided into two broad categories, dried (\"pasta secca\") and fresh (\"pasta fresca\").", "Halva __knowledge__ Halva (\"halawa\", \"alva\", \"haleweh\", \"halava\", \"helava\", \"helva\", \"halwa\", \"halua\", \"aluva\", \"chalva\", \"chałwa\") is any of various dense, sweet confections served across the Middle East, South Asia, Central Asia, West Asia, the Caucasus, North Africa, the Horn of Africa, the Balkans, Central Europe, Eastern Europe, Malta and the Jewish diaspora.", "Halva __knowledge__ In some Indian cultures, the dish is known as a soup-based sweet.", "Halva __knowledge__ Identical sweets exist in other countries, such as China, though these are not generally referred to as \"halva\".", "Halva __knowledge__ In global, popular usage it means \"desserts\" or \"sweet\", and describes two types of desserts: Halva may also be based on various other ingredients, including beans, lentils, and vegetables such as carrots, pumpkins, yams and squashes.", "Semolina __knowledge__ Semolina is the coarse, purified wheat middlings of durum wheat mainly used in making pasta and couscous.", "Semolina __knowledge__ The word \"semolina\" can also refer to sweet dessert made from semolina and milk.", "Semolina __knowledge__ The term semolina is also used to designate coarse middlings from other varieties of wheat, and from other grains, such as rice and maize.", "Semolina __knowledge__ \"Semolina\" is derived from the Italian word \"semola\", meaning 'bran'.", "Semolina __knowledge__ This is derived from the ancient Latin \"simila\", meaning 'flour', itself a borrowing from Greek \"σεμίδαλις (semidalis)\", \"groats\".", "Semolina __knowledge__ The words \"simila, semidalis, groat,\" and \"grain\" may all have similar proto-Indo-European origins as two Sanskrit terms for wheat, \"samita\" and \"godhuma\", or may be loan words from the Semitic root \"smd\" – to grind into groats (\"cf.\"", "Italian Americans __knowledge__ Italian Americans ( or \"italo-americani\" ) are an ethnic group consisting of Americans who have full or majority-ancestry from Italy.", "Italian Americans __knowledge__ Italian Americans are the fourth largest white ethnic group in the United States (not including American ethnicity, an ethnonym used by many in the United States; overall, Italian Americans rank seventh, behind German American, African American, Irish American, Mexican American, English American, and American).. About 5.5 million Italians immigrated to the United States from 1820 to 2004.", "Italian Americans __knowledge__ Immigration began to increase during the 1870s, when more than twice as many Italians immigrated (1870–79: 46,296) than during the five previous decades combined (1820–69: 22,627)." ] ]

[ 4, 19, 53 ]

[ "Hi there! How do you feel about pasta? I love linguine myself, also called trenette or bavette.", "Semolina is awesome, and I think I love Italian food in general, even though I've never been to Italy.", "Lasagna is a big favorite of mine, who would have thought baking pasta would be so good?" ]

[ "Linguine", "Linguine", "Linguine" ]

[ "Eggplant\nI just started eating eggplant recently. I hope it's healthy.", "Yes, but I'm not sure if it's healthy or not. Do you know?", "How do you like it cooked?", "I didn't know you could eat it raw. I have eaten it breaded and grilled. I'll have to try it just raw the next time." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Eggplant __knowledge__ Eggplant (\"Solanum melongena\"), or aubergine, is a species of nightshade, grown for its edible fruit.", "Eggplant __knowledge__ Eggplant is the common name in North America, Australia and New Zealand, but British English uses the French word \"aubergine\".", "Eggplant __knowledge__ It is known in South Asia and South Africa as \"brinjal\".", "Eggplant __knowledge__ The fruit is widely used in cooking.", "Eggplant __knowledge__ As a member of the genus \"Solanum\", it is related to the tomato and the potato.", "Eggplant __knowledge__ It was originally domesticated from the wild nightshade species, the thorn or bitter apple, \"S. incanum\", probably with two independent domestications, one in South Asia and one in East Asia.", "Eggplant __knowledge__ The eggplant is a delicate, tropical perennial often cultivated as a tender or half-hardy annual in temperate climates.", "Eggplant __knowledge__ The stem is often spiny.", "Eggplant __knowledge__ The flower is white to purple, with a five-lobed corolla and yellow stamens.", "Eggplant __knowledge__ The egg-shaped, glossy, purple fruit has white flesh with a meaty texture.", "Eggplant __knowledge__ The cut surface of the flesh rapidly turns brown when the fruit is cut open.", "Eggplant __knowledge__ It grows tall, with large, coarsely lobed leaves that are long and broad.", "Eggplant __knowledge__ Semiwild types can grow much larger, to with large leaves over long and broad.", "Eggplant __knowledge__ On wild plants, the fruit is less than in diameter, but much larger in cultivated forms: or more in length.", "School meal programs in the United States __knowledge__ School meal programs in the United States provide school meals free of charge, or at a government-subsidized price, to U.S. students from low-income families.", "School meal programs in the United States __knowledge__ These free or subsidized meals have the potential to increase household food security, which can improve children's health and expand their educational opportunities.", "School meal programs in the United States __knowledge__ The biggest school meal program in the United States is the National School Lunch Program (NSLP), which was signed into law by President Harry S. Truman in 1946.", "School meal programs in the United States __knowledge__ Its purpose is to prevent malnutrition and provide a foundation for good nutritional health.", "School meal programs in the United States __knowledge__ The text of the National School Lunch Act, which established the program, called it a \"measure of national security, to safeguard the health and well-being of the nation's children and to encourage domestic consumption of nutritious agricultural commodities\".", "Eggplant salads and appetizers __knowledge__ Many cuisines feature eggplant salads and appetizers.", "Eggplant salads and appetizers __knowledge__ \"Baba ghanoush\" (Arabic بابا غنوج \"bābā ghanūj\") is a popular Levantine dish of eggplant (aubergine) mashed and mixed with various seasonings.", "Eggplant salads and appetizers __knowledge__ Frequently the eggplant is baked or broiled over an open flame before peeling, so that the pulp is soft and has a smoky taste.", "Eggplant salads and appetizers __knowledge__ Baba ghanoush is usually eaten as a dip with pita bread, and is sometimes added to other dishes.", "Eggplant salads and appetizers __knowledge__ It is usually of an earthy light brown color.", "Eggplant salads and appetizers __knowledge__ In Ethiopia, this dish is commonly known as \"blagadoush\".", "Eggplant salads and appetizers __knowledge__ Similar to baba ghanoush is another Levantine dish \"mutabbal\" (متبل lit.", "Eggplant salads and appetizers __knowledge__ 'spiced'), which also includes mashed cooked aubergines and tahini, and mixed with salt, pepper, olive oil, and anar seeds.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Eggplant run __knowledge__ An eggplant run is a challenge playthrough of the 2012 roguelike-like platform video game \"Spelunky HD\".", "Eggplant run __knowledge__ Such a playthrough centers on carrying an eggplant item to the final boss of the game, King Yama, and tossing it into his face.", "Eggplant run __knowledge__ This eggplant item was originally added to \"Spelunky\" as part of an easter egg pitched by the game's composer Eirik Suhrke, and \"Spelunky\"s lead designer Derek Yu decided to give it the additional function of turning King Yama into an inert eggplant monster.", "Eggplant run __knowledge__ Though carrying out a full eggplant run in \"Spelunky\"s cooperative mode is fairly manageble, it is nearly impossible to do a single-player eggplant run.", "Eggplant Functional __knowledge__ Eggplant Functional, stylized as eggPlant Functional, is a black-box GUI test automation tool, originally developed by Redstone Software starting in 2002.", "Eggplant Functional __knowledge__ Redstone was acquired on 2 September 2008 by a UK-based company called TestPlant.", "Eggplant Functional __knowledge__ Its approach uses image matching technology as opposed to looking to the object-level of the application being tested.", "Eggplant Functional __knowledge__ This allows for system-wide automation of a system-under-test as opposed to an application-specific solution.", "Eggplant Functional __knowledge__ It also means that the technology used to build the application to be tested does not matter, nor does the system that the application runs on.", "Eggplant Wizard __knowledge__ Eggplant Wizard is an antagonist in the \"Kid Icarus\" series of video games, and one of the franchise's breakout characters.", "Eggplant Wizard __knowledge__ Although his appearance has evolved throughout the years, he is consistently depicted as a large, one-eyed, anthropomorphic eggplant.", "Eggplant Wizard __knowledge__ He carries a staff which he uses to shoot eggplants at Pit, the player controlled character.", "Eggplant Wizard __knowledge__ If the projectiles come in contact with Pit, they will transform him into an eggplant until a nurse rids him of the ailment.", "Eggplant Wizard __knowledge__ The Eggplant Wizard has gained notoriety within the video gaming community as one of the most challenging and hated enemies in video games, and he has developed a significant enough following that he has been mentioned by mainstream media outlets such as ABC News." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Eggplant __knowledge__ Eggplant (\"Solanum melongena\"), or aubergine, is a species of nightshade, grown for its edible fruit.", "Eggplant __knowledge__ Eggplant is the common name in North America, Australia and New Zealand, but British English uses the French word \"aubergine\".", "Eggplant __knowledge__ It is known in South Asia and South Africa as \"brinjal\".", "Eggplant __knowledge__ The fruit is widely used in cooking.", "Eggplant __knowledge__ As a member of the genus \"Solanum\", it is related to the tomato and the potato.", "Eggplant __knowledge__ It was originally domesticated from the wild nightshade species, the thorn or bitter apple, \"S. incanum\", probably with two independent domestications, one in South Asia and one in East Asia.", "Eggplant __knowledge__ The eggplant is a delicate, tropical perennial often cultivated as a tender or half-hardy annual in temperate climates.", "Eggplant __knowledge__ The stem is often spiny.", "Eggplant __knowledge__ The flower is white to purple, with a five-lobed corolla and yellow stamens.", "Eggplant __knowledge__ The egg-shaped, glossy, purple fruit has white flesh with a meaty texture.", "Eggplant __knowledge__ The cut surface of the flesh rapidly turns brown when the fruit is cut open.", "Eggplant __knowledge__ It grows tall, with large, coarsely lobed leaves that are long and broad.", "Eggplant __knowledge__ Semiwild types can grow much larger, to with large leaves over long and broad.", "Eggplant __knowledge__ On wild plants, the fruit is less than in diameter, but much larger in cultivated forms: or more in length.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ A referendum on Scottish independence from the United Kingdom took place on 18 September 2014.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The referendum question, which voters answered with \"Yes\" or \"No\", was \"Should Scotland be an independent country?\"", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The \"No\" side won, with 2,001,926 (55.3%) voting against independence and 1,617,989 (44.7%) voting in favour.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The turnout of 84.6% was the highest recorded for an election or referendum in the United Kingdom since the introduction of universal suffrage.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The Scottish Independence Referendum Act 2013, setting out the arrangements for the referendum, was passed by the Scottish Parliament in November 2013, following an agreement between the Scottish Government and the United Kingdom government.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Ek Tha Chandar Ek Thi Sudha (Hindi: एक था चन्दर एक थी सुधा English: One was Chander one was Sudha) is an Indian biopic television series, which premiered on 21 September 2015 and is broadcast on Life OK.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is produced by Garima Productions of Ashwni Dhir.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series airs on every Monday to Friday nights.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is a tragic love story and is a 20-episode series.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story of the series is based on Dharamvir Bharati’s iconic novel, \"Gunahon Ka Devta\".", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Rahil Azam and Umang Jain will play the male and female lead roles respectively.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story starts with an illustration that it is a story about love near Allahabad.", "California v. Murray __knowledge__ The trial of Conrad Murray (People of the State of California v. Conrad Robert Murray) was the American criminal trial of Michael Jackson's personal physician, Conrad Murray, who was charged with involuntary manslaughter for the pop singer's death on June 25, 2009, from a massive overdose of the general anesthetic propofol.", "California v. Murray __knowledge__ The trial, which started on September 27, 2011, was held in the Los Angeles County Superior Court in Los Angeles, California, before Judge Michael Pastor and it was televised.", "California v. Murray __knowledge__ The prosecutors in the case (David Walgren and Deborah Brazil, both Los Angeles deputy district attorneys), in their opening statement, told jurors: \"misplaced trust in the hands of Murray cost Jackson his life\".", "Political positions of John McCain __knowledge__ U.S.", "Political positions of John McCain __knowledge__ Senator John McCain (R-AZ), a member of the U.S. Congress since 1983, a two-time U.S. presidential candidate, and the nominee of the Republican Party in the 2008 U.S. Presidential election, has taken positions on many political issues through his public comments, his presidential campaign statements, and his senatorial voting record.", "Political positions of John McCain __knowledge__ Online, McCain uses his Senate web site and his 2008 campaign web site to describe his political positions.", "Political positions of John McCain __knowledge__ Regarding the general notion of consistency of political positions over time, McCain said in June 2008: \"My principles and my practice and my voting record are very clear.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ \"Glee\" is a musical comedy-drama television series that aired on Fox in the United States for six seasons from 2009 to 2015.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ It focuses on the high school glee club New Directions competing on the show choir competition circuit, while its members deal with relationships, sexuality and social issues.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ The initial main cast encompassed club director and Spanish (later History) teacher Will Schuester (Matthew Morrison), cheerleading coach Sue Sylvester (Jane Lynch), guidance counselor Emma Pillsbury (Jayma Mays), Will's wife Terri (Jessalyn Gilsig), and eight club members played by Dianna Agron, Chris Colfer, Kevin McHale, Lea Michele, Cory Monteith, Amber Riley, Mark Salling and Jenna Ushkowitz.", "Eggplant salads and appetizers __knowledge__ Many cuisines feature eggplant salads and appetizers.", "Eggplant salads and appetizers __knowledge__ \"Baba ghanoush\" (Arabic بابا غنوج \"bābā ghanūj\") is a popular Levantine dish of eggplant (aubergine) mashed and mixed with various seasonings.", "Eggplant salads and appetizers __knowledge__ Frequently the eggplant is baked or broiled over an open flame before peeling, so that the pulp is soft and has a smoky taste.", "Eggplant salads and appetizers __knowledge__ Baba ghanoush is usually eaten as a dip with pita bread, and is sometimes added to other dishes.", "Eggplant salads and appetizers __knowledge__ It is usually of an earthy light brown color.", "Eggplant salads and appetizers __knowledge__ In Ethiopia, this dish is commonly known as \"blagadoush\".", "Eggplant salads and appetizers __knowledge__ Similar to baba ghanoush is another Levantine dish \"mutabbal\" (متبل lit.", "Eggplant salads and appetizers __knowledge__ 'spiced'), which also includes mashed cooked aubergines and tahini, and mixed with salt, pepper, olive oil, and anar seeds.", "Eggplant run __knowledge__ An eggplant run is a challenge playthrough of the 2012 roguelike-like platform video game \"Spelunky HD\".", "Eggplant run __knowledge__ Such a playthrough centers on carrying an eggplant item to the final boss of the game, King Yama, and tossing it into his face.", "Eggplant run __knowledge__ This eggplant item was originally added to \"Spelunky\" as part of an easter egg pitched by the game's composer Eirik Suhrke, and \"Spelunky\"s lead designer Derek Yu decided to give it the additional function of turning King Yama into an inert eggplant monster.", "Eggplant run __knowledge__ Though carrying out a full eggplant run in \"Spelunky\"s cooperative mode is fairly manageble, it is nearly impossible to do a single-player eggplant run.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Eggplant Functional __knowledge__ Eggplant Functional, stylized as eggPlant Functional, is a black-box GUI test automation tool, originally developed by Redstone Software starting in 2002.", "Eggplant Functional __knowledge__ Redstone was acquired on 2 September 2008 by a UK-based company called TestPlant.", "Eggplant Functional __knowledge__ Its approach uses image matching technology as opposed to looking to the object-level of the application being tested.", "Eggplant Functional __knowledge__ This allows for system-wide automation of a system-under-test as opposed to an application-specific solution.", "Eggplant Functional __knowledge__ It also means that the technology used to build the application to be tested does not matter, nor does the system that the application runs on.", "Eggplant Wizard __knowledge__ Eggplant Wizard is an antagonist in the \"Kid Icarus\" series of video games, and one of the franchise's breakout characters.", "Eggplant Wizard __knowledge__ Although his appearance has evolved throughout the years, he is consistently depicted as a large, one-eyed, anthropomorphic eggplant.", "Eggplant Wizard __knowledge__ He carries a staff which he uses to shoot eggplants at Pit, the player controlled character.", "Eggplant Wizard __knowledge__ If the projectiles come in contact with Pit, they will transform him into an eggplant until a nurse rids him of the ailment.", "Eggplant Wizard __knowledge__ The Eggplant Wizard has gained notoriety within the video gaming community as one of the most challenging and hated enemies in video games, and he has developed a significant enough following that he has been mentioned by mainstream media outlets such as ABC News.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Sanrio, a Japanese company specialized in creating cute characters.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ Beginning in 1963, Sanrio sells and licenses products branded with these characters and has created over 400 characters, with the most successful and best known being Hello Kitty.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ The characters listed here are shown with the year in which they first appeared.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ is the best-known of Sanrio's fictional characters, created in 1974.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ Hello Kitty is drawn simply with a trademark red bow.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ Registered in 1975, Hello Kitty is now a globally known trademark.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ Hello Kitty has been marketed in the United States from the beginning and has held the position of U.S. children's ambassador for UNICEF since 1983." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Eggplant __knowledge__ Eggplant (\"Solanum melongena\"), or aubergine, is a species of nightshade, grown for its edible fruit.", "Eggplant __knowledge__ Eggplant is the common name in North America, Australia and New Zealand, but British English uses the French word \"aubergine\".", "Eggplant __knowledge__ It is known in South Asia and South Africa as \"brinjal\".", "Eggplant __knowledge__ The fruit is widely used in cooking.", "Eggplant __knowledge__ As a member of the genus \"Solanum\", it is related to the tomato and the potato.", "Eggplant __knowledge__ It was originally domesticated from the wild nightshade species, the thorn or bitter apple, \"S. incanum\", probably with two independent domestications, one in South Asia and one in East Asia.", "Eggplant __knowledge__ The eggplant is a delicate, tropical perennial often cultivated as a tender or half-hardy annual in temperate climates.", "Eggplant __knowledge__ The stem is often spiny.", "Eggplant __knowledge__ The flower is white to purple, with a five-lobed corolla and yellow stamens.", "Eggplant __knowledge__ The egg-shaped, glossy, purple fruit has white flesh with a meaty texture.", "Eggplant __knowledge__ The cut surface of the flesh rapidly turns brown when the fruit is cut open.", "Eggplant __knowledge__ It grows tall, with large, coarsely lobed leaves that are long and broad.", "Eggplant __knowledge__ Semiwild types can grow much larger, to with large leaves over long and broad.", "Eggplant __knowledge__ On wild plants, the fruit is less than in diameter, but much larger in cultivated forms: or more in length.", "Colocasia esculenta __knowledge__ Colocasia esculenta is a tropical plant grown primarily for its edible corms, the root vegetables most commonly known as taro.", "Colocasia esculenta __knowledge__ It is believed to be one of the earliest cultivated plants.", "Colocasia esculenta __knowledge__ Linnaeus originally described two species which are now known as \"Colocasia esculenta\" and \"Colocasia antiquorum\" of the cultivated plants that are known by many names including eddoes, dasheen, taro and madumbi, but many later botanists consider them all to be members of a single, very variable species, the correct name for which is \"Colocasia esculenta\".", "Colocasia esculenta __knowledge__ Taro () commonly refers to the plant \"Colocasia esculenta\", the most widely cultivated species of several plants in the Araceae family which are used as vegetables for their corms, leaves, and petioles.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ Filipino cuisine (Filipino: \"Lutuing Filipino\" or \"Pagkaing Filipino\") is composed of the cuisines of 135 distinct ethno-linguistic tribes found within the Philippine archipelago, however, majority of mainstream Filipino dishes that compose Filipino cuisine are from the cuisines of the Bikol, Chabakano, Hiligaynon, Ilokano, Kapampangan, Meranaw, Pangasinan, Sebwano (or Bisaya), Tagalog, and Waray ethno-linguistic tribes.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ The style of cooking and the food associated with it have evolved over many centuries from their Austronesian origins (shared with Malaysian and Indonesian cuisines) to a mixed cuisine of Indian, Chinese, Spanish, and American influences, in line with the major waves of influence that had enriched the cultures of the archipelago, as well as others adapted to indigenous ingredients and the local palate.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesian cuisine is one of the most vibrant and colourful cuisines in the world, full of intense flavour.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ It is eclectic and diverse, in part because Indonesia is composed of approximately 6,000 populated islands of the total 17,508 in the world's largest archipelago, with more than 300 ethnic groups calling Indonesia home.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Many regional cuisines exist, often based upon indigenous culture and foreign influences.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia has around 5,350 traditional recipes, with 30 of them considered the most important.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia's cuisine may include rice, noodle and soup dishes in modest local eateries to street-side snacks and top-dollar plates.", "Regional variations of barbecue __knowledge__ Barbecue varies by the type of meat, sauce, rub, or other flavorings used, the point in barbecuing at which they are added, the role smoke plays, the equipment and fuel used, cooking temperature, and cooking time.", "Regional variations of barbecue __knowledge__ The meat may be ground, for hamburgers, or processed into sausage or kebabs.", "Regional variations of barbecue __knowledge__ The meat may be marinated or rubbed with spices before cooking, basted with a sauce or oil before, during or after cooking, or any combination of these.", "Regional variations of barbecue __knowledge__ The word \"braaivleis\" (; ) is Afrikaans for grilled meat.", "Regional variations of barbecue __knowledge__ The word \"braai\" (plural \"braais\") is Afrikaans for barbecue or grill and is a social custom in South Africa, Botswana, Namibia, Lesotho, Swaziland, Zimbabwe, Zambia, and Malawi.", "Palestinian cuisine __knowledge__ Palestinian cuisine consists of foods from or commonly eaten by Palestinians—which includes those living in Palestine, Israel, Jordan, refugee camps in nearby countries as well as by the Palestinian diaspora.", "Palestinian cuisine __knowledge__ The cuisine is a diffusion of the cultures of civilizations that settled in the region of Palestine, particularly during and after the Islamic era beginning with the Arab Ummayad conquest, then the eventual Persian-influenced Abbasids and ending with the strong influences of Turkish cuisine, resulting from the coming of the Ottoman Turks.", "Palestinian cuisine __knowledge__ It is similar to other Levantine cuisines, including Lebanese, Syrian and Jordanian.", "Turkish cuisine __knowledge__ Turkish cuisine (Turkish: \"Türk mutfağı\") is largely the heritage of Ottoman cuisine, which can be described as a fusion and refinement of Central Asian, Middle Eastern and Balkan cuisines.", "Turkish cuisine __knowledge__ Turkish cuisine has in turn influenced those and other neighbouring cuisines, including those of Southeast Europe (Balkans), Central Europe, and Western Europe.", "Turkish cuisine __knowledge__ The Ottomans fused various culinary traditions of their realm with influences from Levantine cuisines, along with traditional Turkic elements from Central Asia (such as yogurt and mantı), creating a vast array of specialities—many with strong regional associations.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ A great variety of cassava-based dishes are consumed in the regions where cassava (manioc, \"Manihot esculenta\") is cultivated, and they include many national or ethnic specialities.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ As a food ingredient, cassava root is somewhat similar to the potato, in that, like the potato, it is starchy, inedible when raw, and bland in flavor when cooked.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ Indeed, cassava can replace the potato in many dishes and can be prepared in similar ways – it can be boiled, mashed, fried or baked.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ Unlike the potato, however, cassava is mostly a tropical crop, and its peculiar characteristics have led to some unique recipes, such as sweet puddings, which have no common potato version.", "Tomato __knowledge__ The tomato (see pronunciation) is the edible, often red, fruit of the plant \"Solanum lycopersicum\", commonly known as a tomato plant.", "Tomato __knowledge__ The plant belongs to the nightshade family, \"Solanaceae\".", "Tomato __knowledge__ The species originated in western South America.", "Tomato __knowledge__ The Nahuatl (Aztec language) word \"tomatl\" gave rise to the Spanish word \"tomate\", from which the English word tomato derived.", "Tomato __knowledge__ Its use as a cultivated food may have originated with the indigenous peoples of Peru and Ecuador.", "Tomato __knowledge__ The Spanish discovered the tomato from their contact with the Aztec peoples during the Spanish colonization of the Americas, then brought it to Europe, and, from there, to other parts of the European colonized world during the 16th century.", "Solanum repandum __knowledge__ Solanum repandum is a species of evergreen shrub native to various island groups across the southern Pacific Ocean and occasionally grown for its edible fruit.", "Solanum repandum __knowledge__ Only partially domesticated and very rare in cultivation outside of its native range, it is also known as kokoua or huou.", "Solanum repandum __knowledge__ Solanum repandum will apparently hybridize with a number of close relatives, including the South American \"naranjilla\", \"pseudolulo\", and Solanum candidum, along with the Solanum lasiocarpum, from India.", "Solanum repandum __knowledge__ \"Solanum repandum\" is, in fact, so similar in growth habit and in its fruit that it has been possibly considered a subspecies of either Solanum quitoense (naranjilla) or Solanum lasiocarpum.", "Solanum candidum __knowledge__ Solanum candidum is a species of evergreen shrub native to South America and occasionally grown for its edible fruit.", "Solanum candidum __knowledge__ Undomesticated and very rare in cultivation, it is known as fuzzyfruit nightshade, naranjilla silvestre or chichilegua.", "Solanum candidum __knowledge__ The fruit somewhat resembles the related cocona (\"Solanum sessiliflorum\"), and Solanum candidum will apparently hybridize with a number of close relatives, including \"cocona\", \"naranjilla\", and \"pseudolulo\".", "Solanum candidum __knowledge__ One notable difference is the extremely hirsute fruits, which – unlike most of its relatives – do not detach easily upon full ripening, which is a hindrance to eating the ripe fruit.", "Solanum nigrum __knowledge__ Solanum nigrum (European black nightshade) is a species in the \"Solanum\" genus, native to Eurasia and introduced in the Americas, Australasia, and South Africa.", "Solanum nigrum __knowledge__ It is also known as black nightshade.", "Solanum nigrum __knowledge__ Parts of this plant can be toxic to livestock and humans.", "Solanum nigrum __knowledge__ Nonetheless, ripe berries and cooked leaves of edible strains are used as food in some locales, and plant parts are used as a traditional medicine.", "Solanum nigrum __knowledge__ A tendency exists in literature to incorrectly refer to many of the other \"black nightshade\" species as \"\"Solanum nigrum\"\".", "Solanum nigrum __knowledge__ \"Solanum nigrum\" has been recorded from deposits of the Paleolithic and Mesolithic era of ancient Britain and it is suggested by the botanist and ecologist Edward Salisbury that it was part of the native flora there before Neolithic agriculture emerged.", "Berry __knowledge__ In everyday language, a berry is a small, pulpy, and often edible fruit.", "Berry __knowledge__ Berries are usually juicy, rounded, brightly colored, sweet or sour, and do not have a stone or pit, although many pips or seeds may be present.", "Berry __knowledge__ Common examples are strawberries, raspberries, blueberries, red currants, and blackcurrants.", "Berry __knowledge__ In Britain, soft fruit is a horticultural term for such fruits.", "Berry __knowledge__ The scientific usage of the term \"berry\" differs from common usage.", "Berry __knowledge__ In scientific terminology, a berry is a fruit produced from the ovary of a single flower in which the outer layer of the ovary wall develops into an edible fleshy portion (pericarp).", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Eggplant __knowledge__ Eggplant (\"Solanum melongena\"), or aubergine, is a species of nightshade, grown for its edible fruit.", "Eggplant __knowledge__ Eggplant is the common name in North America, Australia and New Zealand, but British English uses the French word \"aubergine\".", "Eggplant __knowledge__ It is known in South Asia and South Africa as \"brinjal\".", "Eggplant __knowledge__ The fruit is widely used in cooking.", "Eggplant __knowledge__ As a member of the genus \"Solanum\", it is related to the tomato and the potato.", "Eggplant __knowledge__ It was originally domesticated from the wild nightshade species, the thorn or bitter apple, \"S. incanum\", probably with two independent domestications, one in South Asia and one in East Asia.", "Eggplant __knowledge__ The eggplant is a delicate, tropical perennial often cultivated as a tender or half-hardy annual in temperate climates.", "Eggplant __knowledge__ The stem is often spiny.", "Eggplant __knowledge__ The flower is white to purple, with a five-lobed corolla and yellow stamens.", "Eggplant __knowledge__ The egg-shaped, glossy, purple fruit has white flesh with a meaty texture.", "Eggplant __knowledge__ The cut surface of the flesh rapidly turns brown when the fruit is cut open.", "Eggplant __knowledge__ It grows tall, with large, coarsely lobed leaves that are long and broad.", "Eggplant __knowledge__ Semiwild types can grow much larger, to with large leaves over long and broad.", "Eggplant __knowledge__ On wild plants, the fruit is less than in diameter, but much larger in cultivated forms: or more in length.", "Offal __knowledge__ Offal , also called variety meats, pluck or organ meats, refers to the internal organs and entrails of a butchered animal.", "Offal __knowledge__ The word does not refer to a particular list of edible organs, which varies by culture and region, but includes most internal organs excluding muscle and bone.", "Offal __knowledge__ As an English mass noun, the term \"offal\" has no plural form.", "Offal __knowledge__ Some cultures strongly consider offal as food to be taboo, while others use it as everyday food, or in delicacies.", "Offal __knowledge__ Certain offal dishes—including \"foie gras\", \"pâté\" and sweetbread—are considered gourmet food in international cuisine.", "Offal __knowledge__ Others remain part of traditional regional cuisine and may be consumed especially in connection with holidays.", "Bo (parsha) __knowledge__ Bo ( — in Hebrew, the command form of \"go,\" or \"come,\" and the first significant word in the parashah, in ) is the fifteenth weekly Torah portion (, \"parashah\") in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the third in the Book of Exodus.", "Bo (parsha) __knowledge__ The parashah constitutes The parashah tells of the last three plagues on Egypt and the first Passover.", "Bo (parsha) __knowledge__ The parashah is made up of 6,149 Hebrew letters, 1,655 Hebrew words, and 106 verses, and can occupy about 207 lines in a Torah Scroll (, \"Sefer Torah\").", "Bo (parsha) __knowledge__ Jews read it the fifteenth Sabbath after Simchat Torah, generally in January or early February.", "Bo (parsha) __knowledge__ As the parashah describes the first Passover, Jews also read part of the parashah, as the initial Torah reading for the first day of Passover, and another part, as the initial Torah reading for the first intermediate day (\"Chol HaMoed\") of Passover.", "Breaded cutlet __knowledge__ Breaded cutlet is a dish made from coating a cutlet of meat with breading or batter and either frying or baking it.", "Breaded cutlet __knowledge__ Breaded cutlet is known as schnitzel in German-speaking countries, cotoletta or scaloppine in Italy, escalope in France, \"filete empanado\" in Spain, milanesa in Latin America, katsu in Japan and Korea, and kotlet in Poland.", "Breaded cutlet __knowledge__ Chicken fingers or chicken tenders are an American dish prepared by breading and deep frying the pectoralis minor muscle of the chicken, which is the smaller cut of the chicken breast located along its underside, attached to the ribs.", "Breaded cutlet __knowledge__ Chicken fried steak (also known as country fried steak) is an American breaded cutlet dish that may have originated with German and Austrian immigrants to Texas in the 19th century.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Re'eh __knowledge__ Re'eh, Reeh, R'eih, or Ree ( — Hebrew for \"see\", the first word in the parashah) is the 47th weekly Torah portion (, \"parashah\") in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the fourth in the Book of Deuteronomy.", "Re'eh __knowledge__ It constitutes In the parashah, Moses set before the Israelites the choice between blessing and curse.", "Re'eh __knowledge__ Moses instructed the Israelites in the laws that they were to observe, including the law of a single centralized place of worship.", "Re'eh __knowledge__ Moses warned against following other gods and their prophets and set forth the laws of kashrut, tithes, the Sabbatical year, the Hebrew slave, firstborn animals, and the three pilgrim festivals.", "Sausage __knowledge__ A sausage is a cylindrical meat product usually made from ground meat, often pork, beef, or veal, along with salt, spices and other flavourings, and breadcrumbs, encased by a skin.", "Sausage __knowledge__ Typically, a sausage is formed in a casing traditionally made from intestine, but sometimes from synthetic materials.", "Sausage __knowledge__ Sausages that are sold raw are cooked in many ways, including pan-frying, broiling and barbecuing.", "Sausage __knowledge__ Some sausages are cooked during processing and the casing may then be removed.", "Sausage __knowledge__ Sausage making is a traditional food preservation technique.", "Sausage __knowledge__ Sausages may be preserved by curing, drying (often in association with fermentation or culturing, which can contribute to preservation), smoking, or freezing.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "American and British English spelling differences __knowledge__ Many of the differences between American and British English date back to a time when spelling standards had not yet developed.", "American and British English spelling differences __knowledge__ For instance, some spellings seen as \"American\" today were once commonly used in Britain and some spellings seen as \"British\" were once commonly used in the United States.", "American and British English spelling differences __knowledge__ A \"British standard\" began to emerge following the 1755 publication of Samuel Johnson's \"A Dictionary of the English Language\", and an \"American standard\" started following the work of Noah Webster and in particular his \"An American Dictionary of the English Language\", first published in 1828.", "American and British English spelling differences __knowledge__ Webster's efforts at spelling reform were somewhat effective in his native country, resulting in certain well-known patterns of spelling differences between the American and British varieties of English.", "English language __knowledge__ English is a West Germanic language that was first spoken in early medieval England and is now the third most widespread native language in the world, after Standard Chinese and Spanish, as well as the most widely spoken Germanic language.", "English language __knowledge__ What is arguably the most striking characteristic of present-day English is that it is spoken by many more non-native speakers than native speakers, which is called \"lingua franca\" uses.", "English language __knowledge__ This use of English as a Lingua Franca, which is a coincidental and unintentional result of English-speaking colonial spread, sets English apart from any other Western European language.", "Australian English __knowledge__ Australian English (AuE, en-AU) is a major variety of the English language, used throughout Australia.", "Australian English __knowledge__ Although English has no official status in the Constitution, Australian English is the country's national and \"de facto\" official language as it is the first language of the majority of the population.", "Australian English __knowledge__ Australian English began to diverge from British English after the founding of the Colony of New South Wales in 1788 and was recognised as being different from British English by 1820.", "Australian English __knowledge__ It arose from the intermingling of early settlers from a great variety of mutually intelligible dialectal regions of the British Isles and quickly developed into a distinct variety of English, which differs considerably from other varieties of English in vocabulary, accent, pronunciation, register, grammar and spelling.", "New Zealand English __knowledge__ New Zealand English (NZE) is the variant of the English language spoken by most English-speaking New Zealanders.", "New Zealand English __knowledge__ Its language code in ISO and Internet standards is en-NZ.", "New Zealand English __knowledge__ English is one of New Zealand's three official languages (along with New Zealand Sign Language and the Māori language) and is the first language of the majority of the population.", "New Zealand English __knowledge__ The English language was established in New Zealand by colonists during the 19th century.", "New Zealand English __knowledge__ It is one of \"the newest native-speaker variet[ies] of the English language in existence, a variety which has developed and become distinctive only in the last 150 years\".", "History of Western civilization __knowledge__ Western civilization traces its roots back to Western Europe and the Western Mediterranean.", "History of Western civilization __knowledge__ It is linked to the Roman Empire and with Medieval Western Christendom which emerged from the Middle Ages to experience such transformative episodes as the Renaissance, the Reformation, the Enlightenment, the Industrial Revolution, scientific revolution, and the development of liberal democracy.", "History of Western civilization __knowledge__ The civilizations of Classical Greece, Ancient Rome and Ancient Israel are considered seminal periods in Western history; a few cultural contributions also emerged from the pagan peoples of pre-Christian Europe, such as the Celts and Germans.", "English clause syntax __knowledge__ This article describes the syntax of clauses in the English language, that is, the ways of combining and ordering constituents such as verbs and noun phrases to form a clause.", "English clause syntax __knowledge__ Clauses can be classified as \"independent\" (main clauses) and \"dependent\" (subordinate clauses).", "English clause syntax __knowledge__ A typical sentence consists of one independent clause, possibly augmented by one or more dependent clauses.", "English clause syntax __knowledge__ An independent clause is a simple sentence.", "English clause syntax __knowledge__ Sentences can be classified according to the purpose or function of the sentence into \"declarative\" (making a statement), \"interrogative\" (asking a question), exclamatory sentence or \"imperative\" (giving an order)." ] ]

[ 0, 1, 2, 4 ]

[ "Hello dear do you eating eggplant?", "I love it. Eggplant is a species of nightshade, grown for its edible fruit.", "Like eating it raw. is the common name in North America, Australia and New Zealand, but British English uses the French word \"aubergine\".", "Though is widely used in cooking." ]

[ "Eggplant", "Eggplant", "Eggplant", "Eggplant" ]

[ "Sweden", "Hello, No I have not. I have heard of Sweden, but not many places. ", "What region is Swedenfficially located? ", "What are some traditions associated with Sweden? " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sweden __knowledge__ Sweden ( ; ), officially the Kingdom of Sweden (Swedish: ), is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe.", "Sweden __knowledge__ It borders Norway to the west and north and Finland to the east, and is connected to Denmark in the southwest by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund.", "Sweden __knowledge__ At , Sweden is the third-largest country in the European Union by area.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Sweden has a total population of 10 million of which 2.3 million has a foreign background.", "Sweden __knowledge__ It has a low population density of ; the highest concentration is in the southern half of the country.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Approximately 85% of the population lives in urban areas.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Germanic peoples have inhabited Sweden since prehistoric times, emerging into history as the Geats (Swedish Götar) and Swedes (Svear) and constituting the sea peoples known as the Norsemen.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Southern Sweden is predominantly agricultural, while the north is heavily forested.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Sweden is part of the geographical area of Fennoscandia.", "Sweden __knowledge__ The climate is in general very mild for its northerly latitude due to significant maritime influence, that in spite of this still retains warm continental summers.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Today, Sweden is a constitutional monarchy and parliamentary democracy, with a monarch as head of state, like its neighbour Norway." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sweden __knowledge__ Sweden ( ; ), officially the Kingdom of Sweden (Swedish: ), is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe.", "Sweden __knowledge__ It borders Norway to the west and north and Finland to the east, and is connected to Denmark in the southwest by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund.", "Sweden __knowledge__ At , Sweden is the third-largest country in the European Union by area.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Sweden has a total population of 10 million of which 2.3 million has a foreign background.", "Sweden __knowledge__ It has a low population density of ; the highest concentration is in the southern half of the country.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Approximately 85% of the population lives in urban areas.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Germanic peoples have inhabited Sweden since prehistoric times, emerging into history as the Geats (Swedish Götar) and Swedes (Svear) and constituting the sea peoples known as the Norsemen.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Southern Sweden is predominantly agricultural, while the north is heavily forested.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Sweden is part of the geographical area of Fennoscandia.", "Sweden __knowledge__ The climate is in general very mild for its northerly latitude due to significant maritime influence, that in spite of this still retains warm continental summers.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Today, Sweden is a constitutional monarchy and parliamentary democracy, with a monarch as head of state, like its neighbour Norway.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ Shortly after her creation in 1974, the Hello Kitty vinyl coin purse was introduced by Sanrio in March 1975.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ The character was then brought to the United States in 1976.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ The character is a staple of the \"kawaii\" segment of Japanese popular culture.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ By 2010, Sanrio had groomed Hello Kitty into a global marketing phenomenon worth $5 billion a year.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ By 2014, when Hello Kitty was 40 years old, she was worth about $7 billion a year, all without advertising except on Sanrio's, related show producers', and ticket sales' webpages and at show venues and nearby locations.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ Originally aimed at preadolescent females, Hello Kitty's market has broadened to include adult consumers, being found on a variety of products ranging from school supplies to fashion accessories.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Sanrio, a Japanese company specialized in creating cute characters.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ Beginning in 1963, Sanrio sells and licenses products branded with these characters and has created over 400 characters, with the most successful and best known being Hello Kitty.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ The characters listed here are shown with the year in which they first appeared.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ is the best-known of Sanrio's fictional characters, created in 1974.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ Hello Kitty is drawn simply with a trademark red bow.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ Registered in 1975, Hello Kitty is now a globally known trademark.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ Hello Kitty has been marketed in the United States from the beginning and has held the position of U.S. children's ambassador for UNICEF since 1983.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ No Man's Sky is an action-adventure survival video game developed and published by the indie studio Hello Games for PlayStation 4 and Microsoft Windows.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ It was released worldwide in August 2016.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ The game is built around four pillars: exploration, survival, combat, and trading.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ Players are free to perform within the entirety of a procedurally generated deterministic open universe, which includes over 18 quintillion planets.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ Through the game's procedural generation system, planets have their own ecosystems with unique forms of flora and fauna, and various sentient alien species may engage the player in combat or trade within planetary systems.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ \"Hello\" is a song by English singer Adele, released on 23 October 2015 by XL Recordings as the lead single from her third studio album, \"25\" (2015).", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ Adele co-wrote the song with her producer, Greg Kurstin.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ \"Hello\" is a piano ballad with soul influences, and lyrics that discuss themes of nostalgia and regret.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ Upon release, the song was acclaimed by music critics, who compared it favourably to Adele's previous work and praised the song's lyrics and Adele's vocals while many critics and publications ranked it as one of the best songs of the year.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ It was recorded in London.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ \"Hello\" reached number one in almost every country it charted in, including the United Kingdom, where it became her second UK number-one single, following \"Someone like You\", and has the largest opening week sales in three years.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ \"Hello, Goodbye\" is a song by the English rock band the Beatles, written by Paul McCartney and credited to Lennon–McCartney.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ Backed by John Lennon's \"I Am the Walrus\", it was issued as a non-album single in November 1967, the group's first release since the death of their manager, Brian Epstein.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ The single was commercially successful around the world, topping charts in the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and several other countries.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ McCartney later said that the lyrics take duality as their theme.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ The song originated when, in response to a question from Beatles aide Alistair Taylor about songwriting, McCartney sat down at a harmonium and asked Taylor to say the opposite of whatever he said.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ In 1997, Japanese rock group Sharam Q, fronted by Tsunku, began auditions for a female vocalist.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ These auditions aired via the reality show Asayan, and resulted in Michiyo Heike being crowned winner.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ Tsunku, however, decided to give five of the runners-up, Yuko Nakazawa, Natsumi Abe, Kaori Iida, Asuka Fukuda and Aya Ishiguro, a chance to become a group in their own right.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ The girls were set the task of selling 50,000 copies of their demo single \"Ai no Tane,\" in just five days.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ The girls sold the required number of copies in four days, and subsequently became an official group.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ Morning Musume's debut single, \"Morning Coffee,\" was released on January 28, 1998 on the One Up Music label and charted at #6 on the Oricon weekly chart.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ , formerly simply and colloquially referred to as , is a Japanese female idol group, holding the second highest overall single sales (of a female group) on the Oricon charts as of February 2012, with the Oricon record of most top ten singles with an amount of 50, and they have sold over 21 million copies in Japan alone.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ Morning Musume was formed in 1997 by rock singer-songwriter turned record producer Tsunku, who later composed the vast majority of the group's songs over the decade.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ They are the lead group of Hello!", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ Project that specialises in upbeat, pop-oriented music coupled with dance performance.", "Page France __knowledge__ Page France was an American indie folk-pop music band that played melodic and emotional music.", "Page France __knowledge__ Their last record deal was with Suicide Squeeze Records, before the disbandment in 2008, because of band leader Michael Nau wanting to focus his full attention on Cotton Jones.", "Page France __knowledge__ The band was started as a solo project in 2004 by Michael Nau, but quickly evolved into a full-time project with a somewhat revolving lineup of friends and collaborators.", "Page France __knowledge__ The band self-released their debut album, \"Come, I'm A Lion\", which was then picked up by Fall Records.", "Page France __knowledge__ Their second album, \"Hello, Dear Wind\", was also released by Fall Records, then later re-released by Suicide Squeeze." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sweden __knowledge__ Sweden ( ; ), officially the Kingdom of Sweden (Swedish: ), is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe.", "Sweden __knowledge__ It borders Norway to the west and north and Finland to the east, and is connected to Denmark in the southwest by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund.", "Sweden __knowledge__ At , Sweden is the third-largest country in the European Union by area.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Sweden has a total population of 10 million of which 2.3 million has a foreign background.", "Sweden __knowledge__ It has a low population density of ; the highest concentration is in the southern half of the country.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Approximately 85% of the population lives in urban areas.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Germanic peoples have inhabited Sweden since prehistoric times, emerging into history as the Geats (Swedish Götar) and Swedes (Svear) and constituting the sea peoples known as the Norsemen.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Southern Sweden is predominantly agricultural, while the north is heavily forested.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Sweden is part of the geographical area of Fennoscandia.", "Sweden __knowledge__ The climate is in general very mild for its northerly latitude due to significant maritime influence, that in spite of this still retains warm continental summers.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Today, Sweden is a constitutional monarchy and parliamentary democracy, with a monarch as head of state, like its neighbour Norway.", "Lucinda Dickey __knowledge__ Lucinda Dickey (born August 14, 1960) is an American dancer and actress who is best known for her role as Kelly in the 1984 cult film \"Breakin'\" and the sequel, \"\", which was released the same year.", "Lucinda Dickey __knowledge__ Dickey was born and raised in Hutchinson, Kansas, where at the age of four, she began dancing.", "Lucinda Dickey __knowledge__ While attending college at Kansas State University, she majored in dance and competed in the Miss Kansas pageant, where she won the talent division and finished third runner-up.", "Lucinda Dickey __knowledge__ After college, Dickey moved to Los Angeles and won a dance scholarship with the Roland DuPree Dance Academy.", "Lucinda Dickey __knowledge__ After 10 months, she auditioned for the movie \"Grease 2\", winning a role as one of film's lead dancers.", "Dayton Agreement __knowledge__ The General Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina, also known as the Dayton Agreement, Dayton Accords, Paris Protocol or Dayton–Paris Agreement, (, , ) is the peace agreement reached at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base near Dayton, Ohio, United States, in November 1995, and formally signed in Paris on 14 December 1995.", "Dayton Agreement __knowledge__ These accords put an end to the -year-long Bosnian War, one of the Yugoslav Wars.", "Dayton Agreement __knowledge__ Though basic elements of the Dayton Agreement were proposed in international talks as early as 1992, these negotiations were initiated following the unsuccessful previous peace efforts and arrangements, the August 1995 Croatian military Operation Storm and its aftermath, the government military offensive against the Republika Srpska, conducted in parallel with NATO's Operation Deliberate Force.", "Graph enumeration __knowledge__ In combinatorics, an area of mathematics, graph enumeration describes a class of combinatorial enumeration problems in which one must count undirected or directed graphs of certain types, typically as a function of the number of vertices of the graph.", "Graph enumeration __knowledge__ These problems may be solved either exactly (as an algebraic enumeration problem) or asymptotically.", "Graph enumeration __knowledge__ The pioneers in this area of mathematics were Pólya, Cayley and Redfield.", "Graph enumeration __knowledge__ In some graphical enumeration problems, the vertices of the graph are considered to be \"labeled\" in such a way as to be distinguishable from each other, while in other problems any permutation of the vertices is considered to form the same graph, so the vertices are considered identical or \"unlabeled\".", "Political party __knowledge__ A political party is a group of people who come together to contest elections and hold power in the government.", "Political party __knowledge__ The party agrees on some proposed policies and programmes, with a view to promoting the collective good or furthering their supporters' interests.", "Political party __knowledge__ While there is some international commonality in the way political parties are recognized, and in how they operate, there are often many differences, and some are significant.", "Political party __knowledge__ Many political parties have an ideological core, but some do not, and many represent ideologies very different from their ideology at the time the party was founded.", "Political party __knowledge__ Many countries, such as Germany and India, have several significant political parties, and some nations have one-party systems, such as China and Cuba.", "A.I. Artificial Intelligence __knowledge__ A.I.", "A.I. Artificial Intelligence __knowledge__ Artificial Intelligence, also known as A.I., is a 2001 American science fiction drama film directed by Steven Spielberg.", "A.I. Artificial Intelligence __knowledge__ The screenplay by Spielberg was based on a screen story by Ian Watson and the 1969 short story \"Supertoys Last All Summer Long\" by Brian Aldiss.", "A.I. Artificial Intelligence __knowledge__ The film was produced by Kathleen Kennedy, Spielberg and Bonnie Curtis.", "A.I. Artificial Intelligence __knowledge__ It stars Haley Joel Osment, Jude Law, Frances O'Connor, Brendan Gleeson and William Hurt.", "A.I. Artificial Intelligence __knowledge__ Set in a futuristic post-climate change society, \"A.I.\"", "A.I. Artificial Intelligence __knowledge__ tells the story of David (Osment), a childlike android uniquely programmed with the ability to love.", "A.I. Artificial Intelligence __knowledge__ Development of \"A.I.\"", "Stabilisation Force in Bosnia and Herzegovina __knowledge__ The Stabilisation Force in Bosnia and Herzegovina (SFOR) was a NATO-led multinational peacekeeping force deployed to Bosnia and Herzegovina after the Bosnian war.", "Stabilisation Force in Bosnia and Herzegovina __knowledge__ Although SFOR was led by NATO, several non-NATO countries contributed troops.", "Stabilisation Force in Bosnia and Herzegovina __knowledge__ It was replaced by EUFOR Althea in December 2004.", "Stabilisation Force in Bosnia and Herzegovina __knowledge__ The stated mission of SFOR was to \"deter hostilities and stabilise the peace, contribute to a secure environment by providing a continued military presence in the Area Of Responsibility (AOR), target and coordinate SFOR support to key areas including primary civil implementation organisations, and progress towards a lasting consolidation of peace, without further need for NATO-led forces in Bosnia and Herzegovina\".", "Meanwood Valley Trail __knowledge__ The Meanwood Valley Trail is a waymarked footpath and the title of an annual (March/April) footrace that takes place on parts of the trail in Leeds, West Yorkshire, England.", "Meanwood Valley Trail __knowledge__ It runs for a distance of from the statue of (former Leeds mayor) Henry Rowland Marsden, 1878, on Woodhouse Moor, close to the University of Leeds, through Headingley, Meanwood and Adel to Breary Marsh, Golden Acre Park, where it meets the Leeds Country Way.", "Meanwood Valley Trail __knowledge__ For most of its route (to King Lane) it is the official Leeds link to the Dales Way.", "Meanwood Valley Trail __knowledge__ Along the way are signs giving information about the local wildlife.", "Meanwood Valley Trail __knowledge__ Some of the upper reaches of the trail are used for an annual trail running race each March/April, organised by local running club the Valley Striders.", "Old Norse religion __knowledge__ Old Norse religion developed from early Germanic religion during the Proto-Norse period, when the North Germanic peoples separated into a distinct branch of the Germanic peoples.", "Old Norse religion __knowledge__ It was displaced by Christianization of the North Germanic peoples.", "Old Norse religion __knowledge__ Scholars reconstruct aspects of North Germanic religion by historical linguistics, archaeology, toponymy, and records left by North Germanic peoples, such as runic inscriptions in the Younger Futhark, a distinctly North Germanic extension of the runic alphabet.", "Old Norse religion __knowledge__ Numerous Old Norse works dated to the 13th century record Norse mythology, a component of North Germanic religion.", "Norway __knowledge__ Norway ( ; Norwegian: (Bokmål) or (Nynorsk); ), officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a sovereign state and unitary monarchy whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula plus the remote island of Jan Mayen and the archipelago of Svalbard.", "Norway __knowledge__ The Antarctic Peter I Island and the sub-Antarctic Bouvet Island are dependent territories and thus not considered part of the Kingdom.", "Norway __knowledge__ Norway also lays claim to a section of Antarctica known as Queen Maud Land.", "Norway __knowledge__ Until 1814, the kingdom included the Faroe Islands, Greenland, and Iceland.", "Norway __knowledge__ It also included Bohuslän until 1658, Jämtland and Härjedalen until 1645, Shetland and Orkney until 1468, and the Hebrides and Isle of Man until 1266.", "Nordic countries __knowledge__ The Nordic countries or the Nordic are a geographical and cultural region in Northern Europe and the North Atlantic, where they are most commonly known as \"Norden\" (literally \"the North\").", "Nordic countries __knowledge__ They consist of Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden, including Greenland and Faroe Islands—which are both constituent countries within the Kingdom of Denmark—and the Åland Islands.", "Nordic countries __knowledge__ The population of the Nordic countries are mainly Scandinavian or Finnish, with Greenlandic Inuit and the Sami people as indigenous minorities, since Scandinavians comprise over three quarters of the region's population and is thus the largest group by far.", "OGAE Second Chance Contest __knowledge__ The OGAE Second Chance Contest is a visual event which was founded in 1987 and is organised by branches of OGAE, the international fan club of the Eurovision Song Contest.", "OGAE Second Chance Contest __knowledge__ Four nations competed in the first contest which took place in 1987.", "OGAE Second Chance Contest __knowledge__ The contest was previously a non-televised event, but evolved over the years by the usage of video tape and nowadays DVD and YouTube.", "OGAE Second Chance Contest __knowledge__ Each summer following the Eurovision Song Contest, each branch can enter one song that failed to win the country's national selection process for the annual Eurovision Song Contest.", "OGAE Second Chance Contest __knowledge__ The members of each club choose amongst the songs that did not win and select one to represent the club in the event.", "Saint Lucy's Day __knowledge__ Saint Lucia's Day, also called the Feast of Saint Lucia, is a Christian feast day celebrated on 13 December in Advent, commemorating Saint Lucia, a 3rd-century martyr under the Diocletianic Persecution, who according to legend brought \"food and aid to Christians hiding in the catacombs\" using a candle-lit wreath to \"light her way and leave her hands free to carry as much food as possible\".", "Saint Lucy's Day __knowledge__ Her feast once coincided with the Winter Solstice, the shortest day of the year before calendar reforms, so her feast day has become a Christian festival of light.", "Saint Lucy's Day __knowledge__ Falling within the Advent season, Saint Lucia's Day is viewed as an event signaling the arrival of Christmastide, pointing to the arrival of the Light of Christ in the calendar, on Christmas Day.", "History of Scandinavia __knowledge__ The history of Scandinavia is the history of the region of northern Europe comprising Denmark, Norway, and Sweden.", "History of Scandinavia __knowledge__ Finland and Iceland are at times considered part of Scandinavia.", "History of Scandinavia __knowledge__ Little evidence remains in Scandinavia of the Stone Age, the Bronze Age, or the Iron Age except limited numbers of tools created from stone, bronze, and iron, some jewelry and ornaments, and stone burial cairns.", "History of Scandinavia __knowledge__ One important collection that exists, however, is a widespread and rich collection of stone drawings known as petroglyphs.", "History of Scandinavia __knowledge__ As the ice receded, reindeer grazed on the flat lands of Denmark and southernmost Sweden." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sweden __knowledge__ Sweden ( ; ), officially the Kingdom of Sweden (Swedish: ), is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe.", "Sweden __knowledge__ It borders Norway to the west and north and Finland to the east, and is connected to Denmark in the southwest by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund.", "Sweden __knowledge__ At , Sweden is the third-largest country in the European Union by area.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Sweden has a total population of 10 million of which 2.3 million has a foreign background.", "Sweden __knowledge__ It has a low population density of ; the highest concentration is in the southern half of the country.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Approximately 85% of the population lives in urban areas.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Germanic peoples have inhabited Sweden since prehistoric times, emerging into history as the Geats (Swedish Götar) and Swedes (Svear) and constituting the sea peoples known as the Norsemen.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Southern Sweden is predominantly agricultural, while the north is heavily forested.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Sweden is part of the geographical area of Fennoscandia.", "Sweden __knowledge__ The climate is in general very mild for its northerly latitude due to significant maritime influence, that in spite of this still retains warm continental summers.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Today, Sweden is a constitutional monarchy and parliamentary democracy, with a monarch as head of state, like its neighbour Norway.", "Dreamtime (book) __knowledge__ Dreamtime: Concerning the Boundary between Wilderness and Civilization is an anthropological and philosophical study of the altered states of consciousness found in shamanism and European witchcraft written by German anthropologist Hans Peter Duerr.", "Dreamtime (book) __knowledge__ First published in 1978 by Syndikat Autoren-und Verlagsgesellschaft under the German title of \"Traumzeit: Über die Grenze zwischen Wildnis und Zivilisation\", it was translated into English by the Hungarian-American anthropologist Felicitas Goodman and published by Basil Blackwell in 1985.", "Dreamtime (book) __knowledge__ \"Dreamtime\" opens with the premise that many of those accused of witchcraft in early modern Christendom had been undergoing visionary journeys with the aid of a hallucinogenic salve which was suppressed by the Christian authorities.", "Tradition __knowledge__ A tradition is a belief or behavior passed down within a group or society with symbolic meaning or special significance with origins in the past.", "Tradition __knowledge__ Common examples include holidays or impractical but socially meaningful clothes (like lawyers' wigs or military officers' spurs), but the idea has also been applied to social norms such as greetings.", "Tradition __knowledge__ Traditions can persist and evolve for thousands of years—the word \"tradition\" itself derives from the Latin \"tradere\" literally meaning to transmit, to hand over, to give for safekeeping.", "Tradition __knowledge__ While it is commonly assumed that traditions have ancient history, many traditions have been invented on purpose, whether that be political or cultural, over short periods of time.", "Saint John's Eve __knowledge__ When the sun sets on 23 June, Saint John's Eve, is the eve of celebration before the Feast Day of Saint John the Baptist.", "Saint John's Eve __knowledge__ The Gospel of Luke (Luke 1:36, 56–57) states that John was born about six months before Jesus; therefore, the feast of John the Baptist was fixed on 24 June, six months before Christmas Eve.", "Saint John's Eve __knowledge__ This feast day is one of the very few saints' days which commemorates the anniversary of the birth, rather than the death, of the saint being honored.", "Saint John's Eve __knowledge__ The Feast of Saint John closely coincides with the June solstice, also referred to as Midsummer in the Northern hemisphere.", "Saint John's Eve __knowledge__ The Christian holy day is fixed at 24 June; but in most countries festivities are mostly held the night before, on Saint John's Eve.", "Dartmouth College traditions __knowledge__ The traditions of Dartmouth College, an American Ivy League college in Hanover, New Hampshire, are deeply entrenched in the student life of the institution and are well-known nationally.", "Dartmouth College traditions __knowledge__ Dartmouth's website counts the College's \"special traditions\" among its \"essential elements\", and in his inauguration address, former College president James E. Wright said that the school is \"a place that is marked by strong traditions\".", "Dartmouth College traditions __knowledge__ Some of these traditions remain supported by the administration, while others are officially discouraged.", "Dartmouth College traditions __knowledge__ Dartmouth functions on a quarter system, and one weekend each term is set aside as a traditional celebratory event, known on campus as \"big weekends\" or \"party weekends\".", "Teampall Mholuaidh __knowledge__ St Moluag's church () is a 13th Century temple in the village of Eoropie in Ness in the Isle of Lewis in Scotland.", "Teampall Mholuaidh __knowledge__ The church has a basic T shaped structure, with two small chapels on either side of the main body of the church.", "Teampall Mholuaidh __knowledge__ The southern chapel can only be accessed from outside.", "Teampall Mholuaidh __knowledge__ There is a lot of speculation about the ancient origins of this place of worship; one tradition tells that St Ronan founded the church, before retiring to the Isle of Rona (in legend travelling on the back of a whale).", "Teampall Mholuaidh __knowledge__ The church is now in use as a Scottish Episcopal Church.", "Teampall Mholuaidh __knowledge__ There are ruins of another temple 'Teampall Ronaidh' about 500m north east of Teampall Mholuaidh and remains of another temple 'Teampall Pheadair' are about 2km south west of Teampall Mholuaidh beside the old graveyard near the village of Swainbost.", "Epiphany (holiday) __knowledge__ Epiphany ( ), also Theophany, Little Christmas, or Three Kings' Day, is a Christian feast day that celebrates the revelation of God incarnate as Jesus Christ.", "Epiphany (holiday) __knowledge__ In Eastern Christianity, the feast commemorates principally (but not solely) the visit of the Magi to the Christ child, and thus Jesus' physical manifestation to the Gentiles.", "Epiphany (holiday) __knowledge__ Moreover, the feast of the Epiphany, in some Western Christian denominations, also initiates the liturgical season of Epiphanytide.", "Epiphany (holiday) __knowledge__ Eastern Christians, on the other hand, commemorate the baptism of Jesus on both sides of the Jordan River, seen as his manifestation to the world as the Son of God.", "Courir de Mardi Gras __knowledge__ The Courir de Mardi Gras ( ) is a traditional Mardi Gras event held in many Cajun communities of south Louisiana on the Tuesday before Ash Wednesday.", "Courir de Mardi Gras __knowledge__ Courir de Mardi Gras is Cajun French for \"Fat Tuesday Run\".", "Courir de Mardi Gras __knowledge__ The rural Mardi Gras celebration is based on early begging rituals, similar to those still celebrated by mummers, wassailers and celebrants of Halloween.", "Courir de Mardi Gras __knowledge__ As Mardi Gras is the celebration of the final day before Lent, celebrants drink and eat heavily, and also dress in specialized costumes, ostensibly to protect their identities.", "Courir de Mardi Gras __knowledge__ Popular practices include wearing masks, capuchons, and costumes, overturning social conventions, dancing, drinking alcohol, begging, feasting, whipping, etc.", "Ukraine __knowledge__ Ukraine ( ; ), sometimes incorrectly refered to as the Ukraine, is a sovereign state in Eastern Europe, bordered by Russia to the east and northeast; Belarus to the northwest; Poland, Hungary, and Slovakia to the west; Romania and Moldova to the southwest; and the Black Sea and Sea of Azov to the south and southeast, respectively.", "Ukraine __knowledge__ Ukraine is currently in a territorial dispute with Russia over the Crimean Peninsula, which Russia annexed in 2014 but which Ukraine and most of the international community recognise as Ukrainian.", "Ukraine __knowledge__ Including Crimea, Ukraine has an area of , making it the largest country entirely within Europe and the 46th largest country in the world.", "Spain __knowledge__ Spain ( ), officially the Kingdom of Spain (), is a country mostly located on the Iberian Peninsula in Europe, with there also being two large archipelagoes, the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean Sea and the Canary Islands off the African Atlantic coast, two cities, Ceuta and Melilla, on the African mainland and several small islands in the Alboran Sea near the African coast.", "Spain __knowledge__ The country's mainland is bordered to the south and east by the Mediterranean Sea except for a small land boundary with Gibraltar; to the north and northeast by France, Andorra, and the Bay of Biscay; and to the west and northwest by Portugal and the Atlantic Ocean.", "Finland __knowledge__ Finland (; ; ), officially the Republic of Finland (, ) is a sovereign state in Northern Europe.", "Finland __knowledge__ The country has land borders with Sweden to the northwest, Norway to the north, and Russia to the east.", "Finland __knowledge__ To the south is the Gulf of Finland with Estonia on the opposite side.", "Finland __knowledge__ Finland is a Nordic country and, together with Scandinavia, is situated in the geographical region of Fennoscandia.", "Finland __knowledge__ Finland's population is 5.5 million (2016), and the majority of the population is concentrated in the southern region.", "Finland __knowledge__ 88.7% of the population is Finnish and speaks Finnish, a Uralic language unrelated to the Scandinavian languages; next come the Finland-Swedes (5.3%).", "Albania __knowledge__ Albania ( ; ; ), officially the Republic of Albania (, ), is a country in Southeastern Europe.", "Albania __knowledge__ It spans and had a total population of 3 million people .", "Albania __knowledge__ Albania is a unitary parliamentary constitutional republic with the capital in Tirana, the country's most populous city and main economic and commercial centre, followed by Durrës.", "Albania __knowledge__ The country's other major cities include Vlorë, Sarandë, Shkodër, Berat, Korçë, Gjirokastër and Fier.", "Albania __knowledge__ Albania is in the southwestern portion of the Balkan Peninsula, bordered by Montenegro to the northwest, Kosovo to the northeast, the Republic of Macedonia to the east, and Greece to the south and southeast.", "Russia __knowledge__ Russia (; ), also officially known as the Russian Federation (), is a sovereign country in Eurasia.", "Russia __knowledge__ At , Russia is the largest country in the world by area, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with over 144 million people at the end of March 2016.", "Russia __knowledge__ The European western part of the country is much more populated and urbanised than the eastern; about 77% of the population live in European Russia.", "Russia __knowledge__ Russia's capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world; other major urban centers include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg, Chelyabinsk, Nizhny Novgorod, Ufa, and Kazan.", "Lithuania __knowledge__ Lithuania (; ), officially the Republic of Lithuania (), is a country in the Baltic region of northern-eastern Europe.", "Lithuania __knowledge__ One of the three Baltic states, it is situated along the southeastern shore of the Baltic Sea, to the east of Sweden and Denmark.", "Lithuania __knowledge__ It is bordered by Latvia to the north, Belarus to the east and south, Poland to the south, and Kaliningrad Oblast (a Russian exclave) to the southwest.", "Lithuania __knowledge__ Lithuania has an estimated population of 2.8 million people , and its capital and largest city is Vilnius.", "Lithuania __knowledge__ Lithuanians are a Baltic people.", "Lithuania __knowledge__ The official language, Lithuanian, along with Latvian, is one of only two living languages in the Baltic branch of the Indo-European language family." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 3, 7 ]

[ "Hello dear, have you been to Swedenfficially the Kingdom of Sweden ", "Sweden is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe.", "Sweden is the third-largest country in the European Union", " Germanic peoples have inhabited Sweden since prehistoric times, emerging into history as the Geats " ]

[ "Sweden", "Sweden", "Sweden", "Sweden" ]

[ "Pizza\nI am so hungry. I love pizza, I wonder who invented it.", "And what did it tasted like ?", "It must tested good since they continued making it till the 15th century. And it originated from what country ?", "I thought it was Greece. My bad. And when it was introduced in the US ?", "OH that would make sense. But does the recipe for pizza continue to change today, or it is the same one since the 15th century ?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of main characters in the \"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\" franchise.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ The Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles are a team of mutant red-eared sliders named after four Renaissance artists and living in the sewers of New York City, where they train by day and fight crime by night as ninjas.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Leonardo is the calm and courageous leader of the Ninja Turtles.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ He is the most devoted student to Master Splinter and the study of Ninjutsu.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Leo wears a blue mask and wields two ninjakens, also known as ninjatō.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Raphael is the tough, sarcastic bad boy of the Ninja Turtles.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Raph wears a red mask and wields a pair of sais.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The history of pizza begins in antiquity, when various ancient cultures produced flatbreads with toppings.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The precursor of pizza was probably the focaccia, a flat bread known to the Romans as \"panis focacius\", to which toppings were then added.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza developed in Naples, when tomato was added to the focaccia in the late 18th century.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The word \"pizza\" was first documented in AD 997 in Gaeta and successively in different parts of Central and Southern Italy.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Pizza was mainly eaten in the country of Italy and by emigrants from there.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ This changed after World War II, when Allied troops stationed in Italy came to enjoy pizza along with other Italian foods.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ Wonder Woman is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character is a founding member of the Justice League, goddess, and Ambassador-at-Large of the Amazon people.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character first appeared in \"All Star Comics\" #8 in October 1941 and first cover-dated on \"Sensation Comics\" #1, January 1942.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ In her homeland, the island nation of Themyscira, her official title is Princess Diana of Themyscira, Daughter of Hippolyta.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ When blending into the society outside of her homeland, she adopts her civilian identity Diana Prince.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character is also referred to by such epithets as the \"Amazing Amazon\", the \"Spirit of Truth\", \"Themyscira's Champion\", the \"God-killer\", and the \"Goddess of Love and War\".", "Hungry Howie's Pizza __knowledge__ Hungry Howie's Pizza & Subs, Inc., also known as Hungry Howie's Pizza, is a franchise and the 11th largest pizza chain in the United States, with over 550 locations.", "Hungry Howie's Pizza __knowledge__ Hungry Howie's products include pizza, calzone-style subs, chicken wings and tenders, bread, salads, and brownies.", "Hungry Howie's Pizza __knowledge__ Its headquarters are located in Madison Heights, Michigan in Metro Detroit.", "Hungry Howie's Pizza __knowledge__ James Hearn opened the first Hungry Howie's on Telegraph Road in Taylor, Michigan in 1973.", "Hungry Howie's Pizza __knowledge__ At the time, Steve Jackson delivered pizzas for Hearn.", "Hungry Howie's Pizza __knowledge__ Howie's soon became a popular hangout for students at nearby Taylor Junior High and Taylor Center High Schools.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut is an American restaurant chain and international franchise founded in 1958 by Dan and Frank Carney.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ The company is known for its Italian-American cuisine menu including pizza and pasta, as well as side dishes and desserts.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut has over 16,000 locations worldwide as of 2015.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ It is a subsidiary of Yum!", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Brands, Inc., one of the world's largest restaurant companies.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut was founded in June 1958 by two Wichita State University students, brothers Dan and Frank Carney, as a single location in Wichita, Kansas.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ PepsiCo acquired Pizza Hut in November 1977.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Before closing in 2015, the oldest continuously operating Pizza Hut was in Manhattan, Kansas, in a shopping and tavern district known as Aggieville near Kansas State University." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "Manna __knowledge__ Manna ( \"mān\", ; , ), sometimes or archaically spelled mana, is an edible substance which, according to the Bible and the Quran, God provided for the Israelites during their travels in the desert during the forty-year period following the Exodus and prior to the conquest of Canaan.", "Manna __knowledge__ In the Hebrew Bible, manna is described twice: once in with the full narrative surrounding it, and once again in as a part of a separate narrative.", "Manna __knowledge__ In the description in the Book of Exodus, manna is described as being \"a fine, flake-like thing\" like the frost on the ground.", "Manna __knowledge__ It is described in the Book of Numbers as arriving with the dew during the night.", "History of the Jews in Ukraine __knowledge__ Jewish communities have existed in the territory of Ukraine from the time of Kievan Rus' (one of Kiev city gates was called Judaic) and developed many of the most distinctive modern Jewish theological and cultural traditions such as Hasidism.", "History of the Jews in Ukraine __knowledge__ According to the World Jewish Congress, the Jewish community in Ukraine constitute the third biggest Jewish community in Europe and the fifth biggest in the world.", "History of the Jews in Ukraine __knowledge__ While at times it flourished, at other times the Jewish community faced periods of persecution and antisemitic discriminatory policies.", "History of the Jews in Ukraine __knowledge__ In the Ukrainian People's Republic, Yiddish was a state language along with Ukrainian and Russian.", "Because of Winn-Dixie __knowledge__ Because of Winn-Dixie is a children's novel written by Kate DiCamillo, which was published in 2000, and was the winner of a Newbery Honor distinction the following year.", "Because of Winn-Dixie __knowledge__ In 2000, the book won the Josette Frank Award, and in 2003 won the Mark Twain Award.", "Because of Winn-Dixie __knowledge__ It was adapted as a 2005 family film directed by Wayne Wang, produced by Walden Media and Twentieth Century Fox, and starring AnnaSophia Robb as Opal Buloni.", "Because of Winn-Dixie __knowledge__ In 2007 the U.S. National Education Association named \"Winn-Dixie\" one of its \"Teachers' Top 100 Books for Children\", based on an online poll.", "Because of Winn-Dixie __knowledge__ In 2012 it was ranked number 20 among all-time children's novels in a survey published by \"School Library Journal\" – the first of three books by DiCamillo in the Top 100.", "Beshalach __knowledge__ Beshalach, Beshallach, or Beshalah ( — Hebrew for \"when [he] let go,\" the second word and first distinctive word in the parashah) is the sixteenth weekly Torah portion (, \"parashah\") in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the fourth in the Book of Exodus.", "Beshalach __knowledge__ It constitutes In this parashah, Pharaoh changes his mind and sends his army after the Jewish people, trapping them at the Sea of Reeds.", "Beshalach __knowledge__ God commands Moses to split the sea, allowing them to pass, then closes the sea back upon the Egyptian army.", "Beshalach __knowledge__ There are the miracles of manna and clean water.", "Beshalach __knowledge__ The nation of Amalek attacks and the Jewish people are victorious.", "Behaalotecha __knowledge__ Behaalotecha, Beha'alotecha, Beha'alothekha, or Behaaloscha ( — Hebrew for \"when you step up,\" the 11th word, and the first distinctive word, in the parashah) is the 36th weekly Torah portion (, \"parashah\") in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the third in the Book of Numbers.", "Behaalotecha __knowledge__ The parashah tells of the Menorah in the Tabernacle, the consecration of the Levites, the Second Passover, how a cloud and fire led the Israelites, the silver trumpets, how the Israelites set out on their journeys, complaining by the Israelites, and how Miriam and Aaron questioned Moses.", "Behaalotecha __knowledge__ The parashah constitutes It is made up of 7,055 Hebrew letters, 1,840 Hebrew words, and 136 verses, and can occupy about 240 lines in a Torah Scroll (, \"Sefer Torah\").", "Robert Cade __knowledge__ James Robert Cade (September 26, 1927 – November 27, 2007) was an American physician, university professor, research scientist and inventor.", "Robert Cade __knowledge__ Cade, a native of Texas, earned his bachelor and medical degrees at the University of Texas, and became a professor of medicine and nephrology at the University of Florida.", "Robert Cade __knowledge__ Although Cade engaged in many areas of medical research, he is most widely remembered as the leader of the research team that created the sports drink Gatorade.", "Robert Cade __knowledge__ Gatorade would have significant medical applications for treating dehydration in patients, and has generated over $150 million in royalties for the university.", "Shilha language __knowledge__ Shilha is a Berber language native to Shilha people.", "Shilha language __knowledge__ It is spoken by more than 4 million people in western Morocco.", "Shilha language __knowledge__ The endonym is Tašlḥiyt , and in recent English publications the language is often rendered \"Tashelhiyt\" or \"Tashelhit\".", "Shilha language __knowledge__ The alternative name Tasusiyt \"language of Sous\" has been gaining currency among native speakers.", "Shilha language __knowledge__ In Moroccan Arabic the language is called \"Šəlḥa\", from which the alternative English name \"Shilha\" is derived.", "Shilha language __knowledge__ In French sources the language is called \"tachelhit\", \"chelha\" or \"chleuh\".", "Shilha language __knowledge__ Shilha is spoken in an area covering c. 100,000 square kilometres, comprising the western part of the High Atlas mountains and the regions to the south up to the Draa River, including the Anti-Atlas and the alluvial basin of the Sous River.", "Nobody Knows Me __knowledge__ \"Nobody Knows Me\" is a song by American singer-songwriter Madonna.", "Nobody Knows Me __knowledge__ The song was written and produced by Madonna and Mirwais Ahmadzaï for her ninth studio album \"American Life\" (2003).", "Nobody Knows Me __knowledge__ It was released as a promotional single in the United States on October 15, 2003, with a remixed version appearing on the remix compilation \"Remixed & Revisited\" (2003).", "Nobody Knows Me __knowledge__ \"Nobody Knows Me\" carries on the main theme of \"American Life\", with its usage of negative tones on the songs.", "Nobody Knows Me __knowledge__ It is a dance and electronic song, with vocoder effects, spacey synths and a bubbly bass, and lyrically, Madonna rejects tabloid culture's \"social disease\", denouncing both TV and magazines.", "Nobody Knows (2004 film) __knowledge__ \"Nobody Knows\" tells the story of four children: Akira, Kyōko, Shigeru and Yuki, who are aged between five and twelve years old.", "Nobody Knows (2004 film) __knowledge__ They are half-siblings, with each of them having different fathers.", "Nobody Knows (2004 film) __knowledge__ Because the three youngest children are in the apartment illegally without the landlord's knowledge or permission, they cannot go outside or be seen in the apartment, and do not attend school.", "Nobody Knows (2004 film) __knowledge__ Their mother leaves them alone for weeks, and finally does not return.", "Nobody Knows (2004 film) __knowledge__ Forced over time to survive on their own, they can only rely on each other to face the multiple challenges in front of them.", "Nobody Knows (2004 film) __knowledge__ \"Nobody Knows\" was first shown at the 2004 Cannes Film Festival on 12 May 2004.", "Nobody Knows the Trouble I've Seen __knowledge__ \"Nobody Knows the Trouble I've Seen\" is an African-American spiritual song that originated during the period of slavery but was not published until 1867.", "Nobody Knows the Trouble I've Seen __knowledge__ The song is well known and many cover versions of it have been done by artists such as Marian Anderson, Lena Horne, Louis Armstrong, Harry James, Paul Robeson, Sam Cooke among others.", "Nobody Knows the Trouble I've Seen __knowledge__ Anderson had her first successful recording with a version of this song on the Victor label in 1925.", "Nobody Knows the Trouble I've Seen __knowledge__ Horne recorded a version of the song in 1946.", "Nobody Knows the Trouble I've Seen __knowledge__ Deep River Boys recorded their version in Oslo on August 29, 1958.", "Nobody Knows the Trouble I've Seen __knowledge__ It was released on the extended play \"Negro Spirituals Vol.", "Nobody Knows You When You're Down and Out __knowledge__ \"Nobody Knows You When You're Down and Out\" is a blues standard written by Jimmy Cox in 1923.", "Nobody Knows You When You're Down and Out __knowledge__ Its lyric, told from the point of view of a one-time millionaire during the Prohibition era, reflects on the fleeting nature of material wealth and the friendships that come and go with it.", "Nobody Knows You When You're Down and Out __knowledge__ As a vaudeville-style blues, it was popularized by Bessie Smith, the preeminent female blues singer of the 1920s and 1930s.", "Nobody Knows You When You're Down and Out __knowledge__ Since her 1929 recording, it has been interpreted by numerous musicians in a variety of styles.", "Nobody Knows You When You're Down and Out __knowledge__ When \"Nobody Knows You When You're Down and Out\" was composed in 1923 by Jimmy Cox, the \"Roaring Twenties\" were coming into full swing.", "Windmills in Leeuwarden __knowledge__ The city of Leeuwarden, Friesland, the Netherlands has had at least 130 windmills over the centuries.", "Windmills in Leeuwarden __knowledge__ Only one, the \"Froskepôlemolen\" survives today within Leeuwarden.", "Windmills in Leeuwarden __knowledge__ Six other mills which have stood in Leeuwarden survive elsewhere in the Netherlands.", "Windmills in Leeuwarden __knowledge__ The mills had a wide range of industrial and agricultural uses.", "Windmills in Leeuwarden __knowledge__ The industrial uses include the processing of bark for tanning leather, the fulling of cloth, the production of cement, the production of dyes, the extraction of oil (including the production of paints), the grinding of tobacco to produce snuff, the production of gunpowder, and the sawing of timber.", "Nobody Knows My Name __knowledge__ Nobody Knows My Name: More Notes of a Native Son is a collection of essays by the American author James Baldwin.", "Nobody Knows My Name __knowledge__ The collection was published by Dial Press in July 1961, and like \"Notes of a Native Son\", Baldwin's first collection published 1955, it includes revised versions of several of his previously published essays, as well as new material.", "Nobody Knows My Name __knowledge__ \"The Discovery of What It Means to Be an American\" originally appeared in \"The New York Times Book Review\", January 25, 1959; \"Princes and Powers\" in \"Encounter\", January 1957; \"Fifth Avenue, Uptown: A Letter from Harlem\" in \"Esquire\", July 1960; \"East River, Downtown: Postscript to a Letter from Harlem\" in \"The New York Times Magazine\", March 12, 1961, with the title \"A Negro Assays the Negro Mood\"; \"A Fly in Buttermilk\" in \"Harper's\", October 1958, with the title \"The Hard Kind of Courage\"; \"Nobody Knows My Name: A Letter from the South\" in \"Partisan Review\", Winter 1959; \"Faulkner and Desegregation\" in \"Partisan Review\", Fall 1956.", "Nobody Knows (Nik Kershaw song) __knowledge__ Nobody Knows is a song by the English singer-songwriter Nik Kershaw.", "Nobody Knows (Nik Kershaw song) __knowledge__ It was from and released in the same month as his third studio album \"Radio Musicola\".", "Nobody Knows (Nik Kershaw song) __knowledge__ The release was Kershaw's tenth single, and features the non-album track, \"One Of Our Fruit Machines Is Missing\" as the B-side.", "Nobody Knows (Nik Kershaw song) __knowledge__ The single only reached #44 on the UK Singles Chart in 1986, which marked the beginning of a downturn in Kershaw's fortunes on the single charts.", "Nobody Knows (Nik Kershaw song) __knowledge__ It also meant that it was the first time that a Kershaw single failed to make the Top 40, since \"I Won't Let the Sun Go Down on Me\", in 1983.", "Nobody Knows (Nik Kershaw song) __knowledge__ The song's lyrics refer to tabloid journalism, the paparazzi, and the public's right to know intimate details of celebrities' lives." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The Netherlands had a considerable part in the making of modern society.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The Netherlands and its people have made numerous seminal contributions to the world's civilization, especially in art, science, technology and engineering, economics and finance, cartography and geography, exploration and navigation, law and jurisprudence, thought and philosophy, medicine, and agriculture.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ Dutch-speaking people, in spite of their relatively small number, have a significant history of invention, innovation, discovery and exploration.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The following list is composed of objects, (largely) unknown lands, breakthrough ideas/concepts, principles, phenomena, processes, methods, techniques, styles etc., that were discovered or invented (or pioneered) by people from the Netherlands and Dutch-speaking people from the former Southern Netherlands (\"Zuid-Nederlanders\" in Dutch).", "Scotland in the Late Middle Ages __knowledge__ Scotland in the Late Middle Ages, between the deaths of Alexander III in 1286 and James IV in 1513, established its independence from England under figures including William Wallace in the late 13th century and Robert Bruce in the 14th century.", "Scotland in the Late Middle Ages __knowledge__ In the 15th century under the Stewart Dynasty, despite a turbulent political history, the Crown gained greater political control at the expense of independent lords and regained most of its lost territory to approximately the modern borders of the country.", "Scotland in the Late Middle Ages __knowledge__ However, the Auld Alliance with France led to the heavy defeat of a Scottish army at the Battle of Flodden in 1513 and the death of the king James IV, which would be followed by a long minority and a period of political instability.", "Early Netherlandish painting __knowledge__ Early Netherlandish painting is the work of artists, sometimes known as the Flemish Primitives, active in the Burgundian and Habsburg Netherlands during the 15th- and 16th-century Northern Renaissance; especially in the flourishing cities of Bruges, Ghent, Mechelen, Louvain, Tournai and Brussels, all in contemporary Belgium.", "Early Netherlandish painting __knowledge__ Their work follows the International Gothic style and begins approximately with Robert Campin and Jan van Eyck in the early 1420s.", "Early Netherlandish painting __knowledge__ It lasts at least until the death of Gerard David in 1523, although many scholars extend it to the start of the Dutch Revolt in 1566 or 1568 (Max J. Friedländer's acclaimed surveys run through Pieter Bruegel the Elder).", "History of wood carving __knowledge__ Wood carving is one of the oldest arts of humankind.", "History of wood carving __knowledge__ Wooden spears from the Middle Paleolithic, such as the Clacton Spear, show that people have engaged in utilitarian woodwork for millennia.", "History of wood carving __knowledge__ Indeed the beginnings of the craft go so far back that, at least where timber is present, the use of wood exists as a universal in human culture as both a means to create or enhance technology and as a medium for artistry.", "History of wood carving __knowledge__ The North American Indian carves his wooden fish-hook or his pipe stem just as the Polynesian works patterns on his paddle.", "History of wood carving __knowledge__ The native of Guyana decorates his cavassa grater with a well-conceived scheme of incised scrolls, while the native of Loango Bay distorts his spoon with a design of figures standing up in full relief carrying a hammock.", "History of Austria __knowledge__ The history of Austria covers the history of Austria and its predecessor states, from the early Stone Age to the present state.", "History of Austria __knowledge__ The name \"Ostarrîchi\" (Austria) has been in use since 996 AD when it was a margravate of the Duchy of Bavaria and from 1156 an independent duchy (later archduchy) of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation (\"Heiliges Römisches Reich\" 962–1806).", "History of Austria __knowledge__ Austria was dominated by the House of Habsburg (\"Haus Österreich\") from 1273 to 1806, when the Holy Roman Empire came to an end.", "History of Austria __knowledge__ Austria then became the Austrian Empire, a part of the German Confederation until the Austro-Prussian War of 1866, which Austria lost and was subsequently excluded from German affairs.", "History of India __knowledge__ The history of India includes the prehistoric settlements and societies in the Indian subcontinent; the advancement of civilisation from the Indus Valley Civilisation to the eventual blending of the Indo-Aryan culture to form the Vedic Civilisation; the rise of Hinduism, Jainism and Buddhism; the onset of a succession of powerful dynasties and empires for more than three millennia throughout various geographic areas of the subcontinent, including the growth of Muslim dominions during the Medieval period intertwined with Hindu powers; the advent of European traders and privateers, resulting in the establishment of British India; and the subsequent independence movement that led to the Partition of India and the creation of the Republic of India.", "Italian literature __knowledge__ Italian literature is written in the Italian language, particularly within Italy.", "Italian literature __knowledge__ It may also refer to literature written by Italians or in Italy in other languages spoken in Italy, often languages that are closely related to modern Italian.", "Italian literature __knowledge__ An early example of Italian literature is the tradition of vernacular lyric poetry performed in Occitan, which reached Italy by the end of the 12th century.", "Italian literature __knowledge__ In 1230, the Sicilian School is notable for being the first style in standard Italian.", "Italian literature __knowledge__ Dante Alighieri, one of the greatest of Italian poets, is notable for his \"Divine Comedy\".", "Italian literature __knowledge__ Petrarch did classical research and wrote lyric poetry.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's Corporation () is the world's largest chain of fast food restaurants, serving around 68 million customers daily in 119 countries.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's traces its origins to a 1940 restaurant in San Bernardino, California.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ After expanding within the United States, McDonald's became an international corporation in 1967, when it opened a location in Richmond, Canada.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ By the end of the 1970s, McDonald's restaurants existed in five of the Earth's seven continents; an African location came in 1992 in Cape Town,South Africa.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ In order to cater to local tastes and culinary traditions, and often in respect of particular laws or religious beliefs, McDonald's offers regionalized versions of its menu among and within different countries.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ Breakfast is the first meal of a day, most often eaten in the early morning before undertaking the day's work.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The word in English refers to breaking the fasting period of the prior night.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ There is a strong tendency for one or more \"typical\", or \"traditional\", breakfast menus to exist in most places, but the composition of this varies widely from place to place, and has varied over time, so that globally a very wide range of preparations and ingredients are now associated with breakfast.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The Old English word for dinner, \"disner\", means to break a fast, and was the first meal eaten in the day until its meaning shifted in the mid-13th century.", "Pancake __knowledge__ A pancake (or hotcake, griddlecake, or flapjack) is a flat cake, often thin and round, prepared from a starch-based batter that may contain eggs, milk and butter and cooked on a hot surface such as a griddle or frying pan, often frying with oil or butter.", "Pancake __knowledge__ In Britain, pancakes are often unleavened and resemble a crêpe.", "Pancake __knowledge__ In North America, a leavening agent is used (typically baking powder).", "Pancake __knowledge__ American pancakes are similar to Scotch pancakes or drop scones.", "Pancake __knowledge__ Archaeological evidence suggests that pancakes were probably the earliest and most widespread cereal food eaten in prehistoric societies.", "Pancake __knowledge__ The pancake's shape and structure varies worldwide." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "Greece __knowledge__ Greece (), officially the Hellenic Republic (), historically also known as Hellas, is a country in Southern Europe, with a population of approximately /1e6 round 0 million as of .", "Greece __knowledge__ Athens is the nation's capital and largest city, followed by Thessaloniki.", "Greece __knowledge__ Greece is located at the crossroads of Europe, Asia, and Africa.", "Greece __knowledge__ Situated on the southern tip of the Balkan peninsula, it shares land borders with Albania to the northwest, the Republic of Macedonia and Bulgaria to the north, and Turkey to the northeast.", "Greece __knowledge__ The Aegean Sea lies to the east of the mainland, the Ionian Sea to the west, the Cretan Sea and the Mediterranean Sea to the south.", "European debt crisis __knowledge__ The European debt crisis (often also referred to as the Eurozone crisis or the European sovereign debt crisis) is a multi-year debt crisis that has been taking place in the European Union since the end of 2009.", "European debt crisis __knowledge__ Several eurozone member states (Greece, Portugal, Ireland, Spain and Cyprus) were unable to repay or refinance their government debt or to bail out over-indebted banks under their national supervision without the assistance of third parties like other Eurozone countries, the European Central Bank (ECB), or the International Monetary Fund (IMF).", "European debt crisis __knowledge__ The detailed causes of the debt crisis varied.", "Kingdom of Greece __knowledge__ The Kingdom of Greece (Greek: , ) was a state established in 1832 at the Convention of London by the Great Powers (the United Kingdom, France and the Russian Empire).", "Kingdom of Greece __knowledge__ It was internationally recognised by the Treaty of Constantinople, where it also secured full independence from the Ottoman Empire.", "Kingdom of Greece __knowledge__ This event also marked the birth of the first fully independent Greek state since the fall of the Byzantine Empire to the Ottomans in the mid-15th century.", "Kingdom of Greece __knowledge__ The Kingdom succeeded from the Greek provisional governments after the Greek War of Independence, and lasted until 1924.", "Kingdom of Greece __knowledge__ In 1924 the monarchy was abolished, and the Second Hellenic Republic was established, after Greece's defeat by Turkey in the Asia Minor Campaign.", "Greek government-debt crisis __knowledge__ The Greek government-debt crisis (also known as the Greek Depression) is the sovereign debt crisis faced by Greece in the aftermath of the financial crisis of 2007–08.", "Greek government-debt crisis __knowledge__ Widely known in the country as The Crisis (Greek: Η Κρίση), it reached the populace as a series of sudden reforms and austerity measures that led to impoverishment and loss of income and property, as well as a small-scale humanitarian crisis.", "Greek government-debt crisis __knowledge__ The Greek crisis started in late 2009, triggered by the turmoil of the Great Recession, structural weaknesses in the Greek economy, and revelations that previous data on government debt levels and deficits had been undercounted by the Greek government.", "Greco-Italian War __knowledge__ The Greco-Italian War (Italo-Greek War, Italian Campaign in Greece; in Greece: War of '40 and Epic of '40) took place between the kingdoms of Italy and Greece from 28 October 1940 to 23 April 1941.", "Greco-Italian War __knowledge__ This local war began the Balkans Campaign of World War II between the Axis powers and the Allies.", "Greco-Italian War __knowledge__ It turned into the Battle of Greece when British and German ground forces intervened early in 1941.", "Greco-Italian War __knowledge__ In the mid-1930s, the Italian Prime Minister Benito Mussolini began an aggressive foreign policy and annexed Albania in the spring of 1939.", "Greco-Italian War __knowledge__ World War II began on 3 September 1939 and on 10 June 1940, Italy declared war on the Allies.", "Arthur de Gobineau __knowledge__ Count Joseph Arthur de Gobineau (14 July 1816 – 13 October 1882) was a French aristocrat who was best known by his contemporaries as a novelist, diplomat and travel writer but is today most remembered for developing the theory of the Aryan master race and helping to legitimise racism by scientific racist theory and \"racial demography\".", "Arthur de Gobineau __knowledge__ Gobineau was an elitist who, in the immediate aftermath of the Revolutions of 1848, wrote a 1400-page book, \"An Essay on the Inequality of the Human Races\", in which he claimed that aristocrats were superior to commoners and that they possessed more Aryan genetic traits because of less interbreeding with inferior races (Alpines and Mediterraneans).", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ Zakynthos (, \"Zákynthos\" , ) or Zante (, \"Tzánte\" , ; from Venetian), is a Greek island in the Ionian Sea.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ It is the third largest of the Ionian Islands.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ Zakynthos is a separate regional unit of the Ionian Islands region, and its only municipality.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ It covers an area of and its coastline is roughly in length.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ The name, like all similar names ending in -nthos, is pre-Mycenaean or Pelasgian in origin.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ In Greek mythology the island was said to be named after Zakynthos, the son of a legendary Arcadian chief Dardanus.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ Zakynthos is a tourist destination, with an international airport served by charter flights from northern Europe.", "Italy __knowledge__ Italy ( ; ), officially the Italian Republic (), is a unitary parliamentary republic in Europe.", "Italy __knowledge__ Located in the heart of the Mediterranean Sea, Italy shares open land borders with France, Switzerland, Austria, Slovenia, San Marino and Vatican City.", "Italy __knowledge__ Italy covers an area of and has a largely temperate seasonal and Mediterranean climate.", "Italy __knowledge__ With around 61 million inhabitants it is the fourth most populous EU member state.", "Italy __knowledge__ Since classical times, ancient Phoenicians, Carthaginians and Greeks established settlements in the south of Italy, with Etruscans and Celts inhabiting the centre and the north of Italy respectively and various ancient Italian tribes and Italic peoples dispersed throughout the Italian Peninsula and insular Italy.", "Culture of Italy __knowledge__ Italy is considered the birthplace of Western civilization and a cultural superpower.", "Culture of Italy __knowledge__ Italy has been the starting point of phenomena of international impact such as the Magna Graecia, the Roman Empire, the Roman Catholic Church, the Renaissance, the Risorgimento and the European integration.", "Culture of Italy __knowledge__ During its history, the nation gave birth to an enormous number of notable people.", "Culture of Italy __knowledge__ Both the internal and external faces of Western culture were born on the Italian peninsula, whether one looks at the history of the Christian faith, civil institutions (such as the Senate), philosophy, law, art, science, or social customs and culture.", "Naples __knowledge__ Naples (; , Neapolitan: \"Napule\" or ; ; , meaning \"new city\") is the capital of the Italian region Campania and the third-largest municipality in Italy after Rome and Milan.", "Naples __knowledge__ In 2015, around 975,260 people lived within the city's administrative limits.", "Naples __knowledge__ The Metropolitan City of Naples had a population of 3,115,320.", "Naples __knowledge__ Naples is the 9th-most populous urban area in the European Union with a population of between 3 million and 3.7 million.", "Naples __knowledge__ About 4.4 million people live in the Naples metropolitan area, the second in Italy after Milan and one of the largest metropolises on the Mediterranean Sea.", "Naples __knowledge__ Naples is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world.", "Italian Americans __knowledge__ Italian Americans ( or \"italo-americani\" ) are an ethnic group consisting of Americans who have full or majority-ancestry from Italy.", "Italian Americans __knowledge__ Italian Americans are the fourth largest white ethnic group in the United States (not including American ethnicity, an ethnonym used by many in the United States; overall, Italian Americans rank seventh, behind German American, African American, Irish American, Mexican American, English American, and American).. About 5.5 million Italians immigrated to the United States from 1820 to 2004.", "Italian Americans __knowledge__ Immigration began to increase during the 1870s, when more than twice as many Italians immigrated (1870–79: 46,296) than during the five previous decades combined (1820–69: 22,627).", "Indo-European migrations __knowledge__ Indo-European migrations were the migrations of pastoral peoples speaking Proto-Indo-European language, who departed from the Yamnaya and related cultures in the Pontic–Caspian steppe, starting at .", "Indo-European migrations __knowledge__ They spread throughout Europe and Asia, forming new cultures with the people they met on their way, including the Corded Ware culture in Northern Europe and the Vedic culture in India.", "Indo-European migrations __knowledge__ Modern knowledge of these migrations is based on data from linguistics, archaeology, anthropology and genetics.", "Indo-European migrations __knowledge__ Linguistics describes the similarities between various languages, and the linguistic laws at play in the changes in those languages.", "Music of Italy __knowledge__ The music of Italy ranges across a broad spectrum of opera and instrumental classical music and a body of popular music drawn from both native and imported sources.", "Music of Italy __knowledge__ Music has traditionally been one of the cultural markers of Italian national and ethnic identity and holds an important position in society and in politics.", "Music of Italy __knowledge__ Italian innovation in musical scales, harmony, notation, and theatre enabled the development of opera in the late 16th century, and much of modern European classical music, such as the symphony and concerto.", "Music of Italy __knowledge__ Instrumental and vocal classical music is an iconic part of Italian identity, spanning experimental art music and international fusions to symphonic music and opera.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Pasta () is a staple food of traditional Italian cuisine, with the first reference dating to 1154 in Sicily.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Also commonly used to refer to the variety of pasta dishes, pasta is typically a noodle made from an unleavened dough of a durum wheat flour mixed with water or eggs and formed into sheets or various shapes, then cooked by boiling or baking.", "Pasta __knowledge__ As an alternative for those wanting a different taste, or who need to avoid products containing gluten, some pastas can be made using rice flour in place of wheat.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Pastas may be divided into two broad categories, dried (\"pasta secca\") and fresh (\"pasta fresca\")." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Medieval cuisine includes foods, eating habits, and cooking methods of various European cultures during the Middle Ages, which lasted from the fifth to the fifteenth century.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ During this period, diets and cooking changed less than they did in the early modern period that followed, when those changes helped lay the foundations for modern European cuisine.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Cereals remained the most important staple during the early Middle Ages as rice was introduced late, and the potato was only introduced in 1536, with a much later date for widespread consumption.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Barley, oat and rye were eaten by the poor.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Wheat was for the governing classes.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "Change Today? __knowledge__ Change Today?", "Change Today? __knowledge__ is the third studio album by the American rock band T.S.O.L.", "Change Today? __knowledge__ (True Sounds of Liberty), released in 1984 through Enigma Records.", "Change Today? __knowledge__ It was the band's first album with singer/guitarist Joe Wood and drummer Mitch Dean, replacing founding members Jack Grisham and Todd Barnes who had left the band in late 1983.", "Change Today? __knowledge__ The album was recorded using money loaned to T.S.O.L.", "Change Today? __knowledge__ by the Dead Kennedys, and found the new incarnation of the band moving away from the hardcore punk associations of the original lineup in favor of a traditional rock and gothic rock sound.", "Change Today? __knowledge__ \"Change Today?\"", "Change Today? __knowledge__ was reissued in 1999 through the Enigma subsidiary Restless Records, adding four tracks from the recording sessions that had been left off the original album.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The history of pizza begins in antiquity, when various ancient cultures produced flatbreads with toppings.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The precursor of pizza was probably the focaccia, a flat bread known to the Romans as \"panis focacius\", to which toppings were then added.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza developed in Naples, when tomato was added to the focaccia in the late 18th century.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The word \"pizza\" was first documented in AD 997 in Gaeta and successively in different parts of Central and Southern Italy.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Pizza was mainly eaten in the country of Italy and by emigrants from there.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ This changed after World War II, when Allied troops stationed in Italy came to enjoy pizza along with other Italian foods.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The Netherlands had a considerable part in the making of modern society.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The Netherlands and its people have made numerous seminal contributions to the world's civilization, especially in art, science, technology and engineering, economics and finance, cartography and geography, exploration and navigation, law and jurisprudence, thought and philosophy, medicine, and agriculture.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ Dutch-speaking people, in spite of their relatively small number, have a significant history of invention, innovation, discovery and exploration.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The following list is composed of objects, (largely) unknown lands, breakthrough ideas/concepts, principles, phenomena, processes, methods, techniques, styles etc., that were discovered or invented (or pioneered) by people from the Netherlands and Dutch-speaking people from the former Southern Netherlands (\"Zuid-Nederlanders\" in Dutch).", "Italian Americans __knowledge__ Italian Americans ( or \"italo-americani\" ) are an ethnic group consisting of Americans who have full or majority-ancestry from Italy.", "Italian Americans __knowledge__ Italian Americans are the fourth largest white ethnic group in the United States (not including American ethnicity, an ethnonym used by many in the United States; overall, Italian Americans rank seventh, behind German American, African American, Irish American, Mexican American, English American, and American).. About 5.5 million Italians immigrated to the United States from 1820 to 2004.", "Italian Americans __knowledge__ Immigration began to increase during the 1870s, when more than twice as many Italians immigrated (1870–79: 46,296) than during the five previous decades combined (1820–69: 22,627).", "Italian Brazilians __knowledge__ Italian Brazilians (, ) are Brazilian citizens of full or partial Italian descent.", "Italian Brazilians __knowledge__ There are no official numbers about how many Brazilians have Italian ancestry, as the national census conducted by IBGE does not ask the ancestry of the Brazilian people.", "Italian Brazilians __knowledge__ In the last census to ask about ancestry, from 1940, 1,260,931 Brazilians said to be the child of an Italian father, while 1,069,862 said to be the child of an Italian mother.", "Italian Brazilians __knowledge__ Italians were 285,000 and naturalized Brazilians, 40,000.", "Italian Brazilians __knowledge__ Therefore, Italians and their children were just over 3.8% of Brazil's population in 1940.", "Italian Brazilians __knowledge__ A 1999 survey, conducted by the sociologist, former president of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), Simon Schwartzman, indicated that 10.5% of Brazilian respondents claimed to have Italian ancestry; hence they would make up around 20 million descendants in a national population of 200 million.", "Immigration to Brazil __knowledge__ Immigration to Brazil is the movement to Brazil of foreign persons to reside permanently.", "Immigration to Brazil __knowledge__ It should not be confused with the colonisation of the country by the Portuguese, or with the forcible bringing of people from Africa as slaves.", "Immigration to Brazil __knowledge__ Throughout its history, Brazil has always been a recipient of immigrants, but this began to gain importance in the late 19th century and throughout the 20th century when the country received massive immigration from Europe, the Middle East and East Asia, which left lasting marks on demography, culture, language and the economy of Brazil.", "Immigration to Brazil __knowledge__ In general, it is considered that people who entered Brazil up to 1822, the year of independence, were colonizers.", "Italian Canadians __knowledge__ Italian Canadians (, ) comprise Canadian citizens who have full or partial Italian heritage and Italians who emigrated to or reside in Canada.", "Italian Canadians __knowledge__ According to the 2016 Census of Canada, 1,587,970 Canadians (4.6% of total population) claimed full or partial Italian ancestry.", "Italian Canadians __knowledge__ Altogether, Italians are the seventh largest ethnic group in Canada after French, English, Irish, Scottish, German and Chinese.", "Italian Canadians __knowledge__ They are also often termed as Italian-Canadians with a hyphen.", "Italian Canadians __knowledge__ The first explorer to North America and to Canada was the Venetian Giovanni Caboto (John Cabot).", "Italian Canadians __knowledge__ His voyage to Canada and other parts of the Americas was followed by his sons Sebastiano Caboto and Janus Verrazanus (Giovanni da Verrazzano).", "Italian Australians __knowledge__ Italian Australians comprise the fourth largest ethnic group in Australia, consisting of migrants from Italy as well as their descendants born in Australia of Italian heritage.", "Italian Australians __knowledge__ The 2006 census counted 199,124 people who were born in Italy.", "Italian Australians __knowledge__ In 2011, 916,100 persons identified themselves as having Italian ancestry, either alone or in combination with another ancestry (4.6%).", "Italian Australians __knowledge__ Italian is the fifth most identified ancestry in Australia behind 'Australian', 'English', 'Irish' and 'Scottish' and just ahead of 'German' (according to the ABS 2011 Census).", "Italian Australians __knowledge__ Italian is the second most used language at home, with 316,900 speakers (or 1.6% of the Australian population).", "Chain migration __knowledge__ Chain migration is a term used by demographers since the 1960s to refer to the social process by which migrants from a particular town follow others from that town to a particular destination city or neighborhood.", "Chain migration __knowledge__ The destination may be in another country or in a new, usually urban, location within the same country.", "Chain migration __knowledge__ Chain migration can be defined as a “movement in which prospective migrants learn of opportunities, are provided with transportation, and have initial accommodation and employment arranged by means of primary social relationships with previous migrants.” Or, more simply put: \"The dynamic underlying 'chain migration' is so simple that it sounds like common sense: People are more likely to move to where people they know live, and each new immigrant makes people \"they\" know more likely to move there in turn.\"", "Italian diaspora __knowledge__ The Italian diaspora is the large-scale emigration of Italians from Italy.", "Italian diaspora __knowledge__ There are two major Italian diasporas in Italian history.", "Italian diaspora __knowledge__ The first diaspora began in 1861 with the Unification of Italy and ended in the 1920s with the rise of the Italian Fascism.", "Italian diaspora __knowledge__ The second diaspora started after the end of World War II and roughly concluded in the 1970s.", "Italian diaspora __knowledge__ Between the period of 1880 and 1976, the largest voluntary emigration in documented history, with about 13 million Italians leaving the country.", "Italian diaspora __knowledge__ By 1978, it was estimated that about 25 million Italians were residing outside Italy.", "Italian diaspora __knowledge__ A third wave is being reported in present times, due to the difficulties caused by the financial crisis of the early 21st century, especially among the young." ] ]

[ 3, 1, 1, 7, 4 ]

[ "The first mention of it was in the 10th century, but nobody knows for sure who invented it.", "Probably just cheese and flatbread--tomatoes weren't used until the 1500s.", "It originated from Italy.", "I'm not sure--probably during one of the waves of Italian immigration during the 1800s.", "It's different. Our pizza was invented in Naples, and that's been popular around the world." ]

[ "Pizza", "Pizza", "Pizza", "Pizza", "Pizza" ]

[ "God\nGod is good.He's the first and the last (Alpha and Omega)in the Greek tongue!Do you know that?", "Yeah ! So what forms are we talking about here? Human,animal,nature et all ?", "I'm loving this topic! Monotheistic? Faith? How are they related .", "Wow,what a lucid definition! But some are atheist ,they hold that philosophy dearly, what can you say about it?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "God __knowledge__ In monotheistic thought, God is believed to be the Supreme Being and the principal object of faith.", "God __knowledge__ The concept of God, as described by theologians, commonly includes the attributes of omniscience (all-knowing), omnipotence (unlimited power), omnipresence (present everywhere), divine simplicity, and as having an eternal and necessary existence.", "God __knowledge__ God is most often held to be incorporeal (immaterial), and to be without gender, although many religions describe God using masculine terminology, using such terms as \"Him\" or \"Father\" and some religions (such as Judaism) attribute only a purely grammatical \"gender\" to God.", "God __knowledge__ Incorporeity and corporeity of God are related to conceptions of transcendence (being outside nature) and immanence (being in nature, in the world) of God, with positions of synthesis such as the \"immanent transcendence\".", "God __knowledge__ God has been conceived as either personal or impersonal.", "God __knowledge__ In theism, God is the creator and sustainer of the universe, while in deism, God is the creator, but not the sustainer, of the universe.", "God __knowledge__ In pantheism, God is the universe itself.", "God __knowledge__ In atheism, God is not believed to exist, while God is deemed unknown or unknowable within the context of agnosticism.", "God __knowledge__ God has also been conceived as the source of all moral obligation, and the \"greatest conceivable existent\".", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "Dartmouth College Greek organizations __knowledge__ Dartmouth College is host to many Greek organizations, and a significant percentage of the undergraduate student body is active in Greek life.", "Dartmouth College Greek organizations __knowledge__ In 2005, the school stated that 1,785 students were members of a fraternity, sorority, or coeducational Greek house, comprising about 43 percent of all students, or about 60 percent of the eligible student body.", "Dartmouth College Greek organizations __knowledge__ Greek organizations at Dartmouth provide both social and residential opportunities for students, and are the only single-sex residential option on campus.", "Dartmouth College Greek organizations __knowledge__ Greek organizations at Dartmouth do not provide dining options, as regular meals service has been banned in Greek houses since 1909.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ The following list describes each of the characters from the popular webseries \"Red vs. Blue\", originally created by Rooster Teeth Productions.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ Colonel Sarge is the leader of the Red Team on Blood Gulch.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ He is voiced by Matt Hullum, co-creator of the series, and first appeared at the end of .", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ He has a Southern accent.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ Sarge is somewhat bloodthirsty, and the only Blood Gulch soldier on either team to actually be serious about war.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ It is mentioned that he has a military background and briefly joined the ODSTs.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ His preferred weapon is a shotgun, which he carries at all times.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ He has a passionate disgust for Grif, demonstrated by his repeated willingness to sacrifice Grif during combat missions as well as how all of his contingency plans are to kill Grif.", "Alpha Phi Omega __knowledge__ Alpha Phi Omega (ΑΦΩ) (commonly known as APO, but also A-Phi-O is the largest collegiate fraternity in the United States, with chapters at over 350 campuses, an active membership of over 25,000 students, and over 400,000 alumni members.", "Alpha Phi Omega __knowledge__ There are also 250 chapters in the Philippines, one in Australia and one in Canada.", "Alpha Phi Omega __knowledge__ Alpha Phi Omega is a National co-ed service fraternity organized to provide community service, leadership development, and social opportunities for college students.", "Alpha Phi Omega __knowledge__ The purpose of the fraternity is \"to assemble college students in a National Service Fraternity in the fellowship of principles derived from the Scout Oath and Scout Law of the Boy Scouts of America; to develop Leadership, to promote Friendship, and to provide Service to humanity; and to further the freedom that is our national, educational, and intellectual heritage.\"", "Alpha Phi Alpha __knowledge__ Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc. (ΑΦΑ) is the first African-American, intercollegiate Greek-lettered fraternity.", "Alpha Phi Alpha __knowledge__ The individuals recognized by the fraternity as founders are known as the , who were Henry Arthur Callis, Charles Henry Chapman, Eugene Kinckle Jones, George Biddle Kelley, Nathaniel Allison Murray, Robert Harold Ogle, and Vertner Woodson Tandy.", "Alpha Phi Alpha __knowledge__ It was initially a literary and social studies club organized in the 1905–1906 school year at Cornell University, in Ithaca, New York.", "Alpha Phi Alpha __knowledge__ The group later evolved into a fraternity with a founding date of December 4, 1906, at Cornell.", "Alpha Phi Alpha __knowledge__ It employs an icon from Ancient Egypt, the Great Sphinx of Giza, as its symbol.", "Alpha Chi Omega __knowledge__ Alpha Chi Omega (ΑΧΩ, also known as Alpha Chi or A Chi O) is a women's fraternity founded on October 15, 1885.", "Alpha Chi Omega __knowledge__ Currently, there are 193 chapters and Alpha Chi Omegas represented throughout colleges and universities across the United States, and there are more than 200,000 lifetime members.", "Alpha Chi Omega __knowledge__ Angela Costly Harris is the current National President of Alpha Chi Omega and oversees all collegiate and alumnae chapters in the nation.", "Alpha Chi Omega __knowledge__ Alpha Chi Omega's official symbol is the three-stringed lyre.", "Alpha Chi Omega __knowledge__ Alpha Chi Omega was formed at DePauw University in Greencastle, Indiana on October 15, 1885.", "Alpha Chi Omega __knowledge__ In the fall of 1885, Professor James Hamilton Howe, the first Dean of the Music School, invited seven young women from the school to a meeting with the purpose of forming a fraternity.", "Omega-3 fatty acid __knowledge__ Omega−3 fatty acids—also called ω−3 fatty acids or \"n\"−3 fatty acids—are polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) with a double bond (C=C) at the third carbon atom from the end of the carbon chain.", "Omega-3 fatty acid __knowledge__ The fatty acids have two ends, the carboxylic acid (-COOH) end, which is considered the beginning of the chain, thus \"alpha\", and the methyl (-CH) end, which is considered the \"tail\" of the chain, thus \"omega\"; the double bond is at omega minus 3 (not dash 3).", "Omega-3 fatty acid __knowledge__ One way in which a fatty acid is named is determined by the location of the first double bond, counted from the methyl end, that is, the omega (ω-) or the n- end." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "God __knowledge__ In monotheistic thought, God is believed to be the Supreme Being and the principal object of faith.", "God __knowledge__ The concept of God, as described by theologians, commonly includes the attributes of omniscience (all-knowing), omnipotence (unlimited power), omnipresence (present everywhere), divine simplicity, and as having an eternal and necessary existence.", "God __knowledge__ God is most often held to be incorporeal (immaterial), and to be without gender, although many religions describe God using masculine terminology, using such terms as \"Him\" or \"Father\" and some religions (such as Judaism) attribute only a purely grammatical \"gender\" to God.", "God __knowledge__ Incorporeity and corporeity of God are related to conceptions of transcendence (being outside nature) and immanence (being in nature, in the world) of God, with positions of synthesis such as the \"immanent transcendence\".", "God __knowledge__ God has been conceived as either personal or impersonal.", "God __knowledge__ In theism, God is the creator and sustainer of the universe, while in deism, God is the creator, but not the sustainer, of the universe.", "God __knowledge__ In pantheism, God is the universe itself.", "God __knowledge__ In atheism, God is not believed to exist, while God is deemed unknown or unknowable within the context of agnosticism.", "God __knowledge__ God has also been conceived as the source of all moral obligation, and the \"greatest conceivable existent\".", "French formal garden __knowledge__ The French formal garden, also called the (literally, \"garden in the French manner\" in French), is a style of garden based on symmetry and the principle of imposing order on nature.", "French formal garden __knowledge__ Its epitome is generally considered to be the Gardens of Versailles designed during the 17th century by the landscape architect André Le Nôtre for Louis XIV and widely copied by other .", "French formal garden __knowledge__ The \"Garden à la française\" evolved from the French Renaissance garden, a style which was inspired by the Italian Renaissance garden at the beginning of the 16th century.", "French formal garden __knowledge__ The Italian Renaissance garden, typified by the Boboli Gardens in Florence and the Villa Medici in Fiesole, was characterized by planting beds, or parterres, created in geometric shapes, and laid out symmetrical patterns; the use of fountains and cascades to animate the garden; stairways and ramps to unite different levels of the garden; grottos, labyrinths, and statuary on mythological themes.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Animal rights __knowledge__ Animal rights is the idea in which some, or all, non-human animals are entitled to the possession of their own lives and that their most basic interests—such as the need to avoid suffering—should be afforded the same consideration as similar interests of human beings.", "Animal rights __knowledge__ Advocates oppose the assignment of moral value and fundamental protections on the basis of species membership alone—an idea known since 1970 as speciesism, when the term was coined by Richard D. Ryder—arguing that it is a prejudice as irrational as any other.", "Animal rights __knowledge__ They maintain that animals should no longer be viewed as property or used as food, clothing, research subjects, entertainment, or beasts of burden.", "Veganism __knowledge__ Veganism is both the practice of abstaining from the use of animal products, particularly in diet, and an associated philosophy that rejects the commodity status of animals.", "Veganism __knowledge__ A follower of either the diet or the philosophy is known as a vegan ( ).", "Veganism __knowledge__ Distinctions are sometimes made between several categories of veganism.", "Veganism __knowledge__ \"Dietary vegans\" (or strict vegetarians) refrain from consuming animal products, not only meat but also eggs, dairy products and other animal-derived substances.", "Veganism __knowledge__ The term \"ethical vegan\" is often applied to those who not only follow a vegan diet but extend the philosophy into other areas of their lives, and oppose the use of animals for any purpose.", "Nicolas Hulot __knowledge__ Nicolas Hulot (born 30 April 1955 in Lille, France; officier de la Légion d'honneur, chevalier des Arts et Lettres) is a French journalist and environmental activist.", "Nicolas Hulot __knowledge__ He is the founder and president of the Fondation Nicolas Hulot, an environmental group established in 1990.", "Nicolas Hulot __knowledge__ Hulot ran as a candidate in the primary for the Europe Ecology – The Greens party in 2011 eventually losing to Eva Joly.", "Nicolas Hulot __knowledge__ Hulot has refused to be a minister for Jacques Chirac, Nicholas Sarkozy and Francois Hollande.", "Nicolas Hulot __knowledge__ In May 2017, he became the Minister of Ecological and Solidary Transition in the Philippe Government.", "Nicolas Hulot __knowledge__ Hulot was born 30 April 1955 in Lille, France to Monique Marguerite Marie Hulot (née Moulun) a pharmaceutical sales representative and Philippe Marie Joseph Hulot, a gold miner from Venezuela.", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion __knowledge__ The vocabulary of ancient Roman religion was highly specialized.", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion __knowledge__ Its study affords important information about the religion, traditions and beliefs of the ancient Romans.", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion __knowledge__ This legacy is conspicuous in European cultural history in its influence on later juridical and religious vocabulary in Europe, particularly of the Western Church.", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion __knowledge__ This glossary provides explanations of concepts as they were expressed in Latin pertaining to religious practices and beliefs, with links to articles on major topics such as priesthoods, forms of divination, and rituals.", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion __knowledge__ For theonyms, or the names and epithets of gods, see List of Roman deities.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ The Plame affair (also known as the CIA leak scandal and Plamegate) was a political scandal that revolved around journalist Robert Novak's public identification of Valerie Plame as a covert Central Intelligence Agency officer in 2003.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ In 2002, Plame wrote a memo to her superiors in which she expressed hesitation in recommending her husband, former diplomat Joseph C. Wilson, to the CIA for a mission to Niger to investigate claims that Iraq had arranged to purchase and import uranium from the country, but stated that he \"may be in a position to assist\".", "Plame affair __knowledge__ After President George W. Bush stated that \"Saddam Hussein recently sought significant quantities of uranium from Africa\" during the run-up to the 2003 invasion of Iraq, Wilson published a July 2003 op-ed in \"The New York Times\" stating his doubts during the mission that any such transaction with Iraq had taken place.", "Jewish principles of faith __knowledge__ There is no established formulation of principles of faith that are recognized by all branches of Judaism.", "Jewish principles of faith __knowledge__ Central authority in Judaism is not vested in any one person or group - although the Sanhedrin, the supreme Jewish religious court, would fulfill this role when it is re-established - but rather in Judaism's sacred writings, laws, and traditions.", "Jewish principles of faith __knowledge__ The various principles of faith that have been enumerated over the centuries carry no weight other than that imparted to them by the fame and scholarship of their respective authors.", "Jewish principles of faith __knowledge__ Judaism affirms the existence and uniqueness of God and stresses performance of deeds or commandments alongside adherence to a strict belief system.", "Impersonal verb __knowledge__ In linguistics, an impersonal verb is one that has no determinate subject.", "Impersonal verb __knowledge__ For example, in the sentence \"\"It rains\"\", \"rain\" is an impersonal verb and the pronoun \"it\" does not refer to anything.", "Impersonal verb __knowledge__ In many languages the verb takes a third person singular inflection and often appears with an expletive subject.", "Impersonal verb __knowledge__ In the active voice, impersonal verbs can be used to express operation of nature, mental distress, and acts with no reference to the do-er.", "Impersonal verb __knowledge__ Impersonal verbs are also called weather verbs because they frequently appear in the context of weather description.", "Impersonal verb __knowledge__ Also an indefinite pronoun may be called \"impersonal\", as they do refer to an unknown person, like \"one/man/on/se\" or \"someone/jemand/quelqu'un/alquien\", and there is overlap between the use of the two.", "Dutch grammar __knowledge__ This article outlines the grammar of the Dutch language, which shares strong similarities with German grammar and also, to a lesser degree, with English grammar.", "Dutch grammar __knowledge__ Vowel length is indicated in Dutch spelling using a combination of double vowels and double consonants.", "Dutch grammar __knowledge__ Changes from single to double letters are common when discussing Dutch grammar, but they are entirely predictable once one knows how the spelling rules work.", "Dutch grammar __knowledge__ This means that the spelling alternations do not form part of the grammar, and they are not discussed here.", "Dutch grammar __knowledge__ For more information, see Dutch orthography.", "Dutch grammar __knowledge__ Dutch word order is underlyingly SOV (subject–object–verb).", "Religion in China __knowledge__ China has long been a cradle and host to a variety of the most enduring religio-philosophical traditions of the world.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ Confucianism and Taoism, later joined by Buddhism, constitute the \"three teachings\" that have shaped Chinese culture.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ There are no clear boundaries between these intertwined religious systems, which do not claim to be exclusive, and elements of each enrich popular or folk religion.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ The emperors of China claimed the Mandate of Heaven and participated in Chinese religious practices.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ In the early 20th century, reform-minded officials and intellectuals attacked all religions as \"superstitious\", and since 1949, China has been governed by the Communist Party of China, an atheist institution that prohibits party members from practising religion while in office.", "Christianity and Theosophy __knowledge__ Christianity and modern Theosophy, for more than a hundred years, have a difficult and occasionally poor relationship.", "Christianity and Theosophy __knowledge__ The Christian faith was always the native religion of the great majority of Western Theosophists.", "Christianity and Theosophy __knowledge__ But many came to Theosophy through a process of examination, or even opposition to that faith.", "Christianity and Theosophy __knowledge__ According to professor Ellwood, \"the whole matter has been a divisive issue within Theosophy.\"", "Christianity and Theosophy __knowledge__ According to the Theosophical spiritual Teachers, neither their philosophy nor themselves believe in a God, \"least of all in one whose pronoun necessitates a capital H.\" The Master Kuthumi wrote: \"We know there is in our [solar] system no such thing as God, either personal or impersonal.", "A Secular Age __knowledge__ A Secular Age is a book written by the philosopher Charles Taylor which was published in 2007 by Harvard University Press on the basis of Taylor's earlier Gifford Lectures (Edinburgh 1998–1999).", "A Secular Age __knowledge__ The noted sociologist Robert Bellah has referred to \"A Secular Age\" as \"one of the most important books to be written in my lifetime.\"", "A Secular Age __knowledge__ In recent years, secularism has become an important topic in the humanities and social sciences.", "A Secular Age __knowledge__ Although there continue to be important disagreements among scholars, many begin with the premise that secularism is not simply the absence of religion, but rather an intellectual and political category that itself needs to be understood as an historical construction." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "God __knowledge__ In monotheistic thought, God is believed to be the Supreme Being and the principal object of faith.", "God __knowledge__ The concept of God, as described by theologians, commonly includes the attributes of omniscience (all-knowing), omnipotence (unlimited power), omnipresence (present everywhere), divine simplicity, and as having an eternal and necessary existence.", "God __knowledge__ God is most often held to be incorporeal (immaterial), and to be without gender, although many religions describe God using masculine terminology, using such terms as \"Him\" or \"Father\" and some religions (such as Judaism) attribute only a purely grammatical \"gender\" to God.", "God __knowledge__ Incorporeity and corporeity of God are related to conceptions of transcendence (being outside nature) and immanence (being in nature, in the world) of God, with positions of synthesis such as the \"immanent transcendence\".", "God __knowledge__ God has been conceived as either personal or impersonal.", "God __knowledge__ In theism, God is the creator and sustainer of the universe, while in deism, God is the creator, but not the sustainer, of the universe.", "God __knowledge__ In pantheism, God is the universe itself.", "God __knowledge__ In atheism, God is not believed to exist, while God is deemed unknown or unknowable within the context of agnosticism.", "God __knowledge__ God has also been conceived as the source of all moral obligation, and the \"greatest conceivable existent\".", "Monotheism __knowledge__ Monotheism has been defined as the belief in the existence of only one god that created the world, is all-powerful and intervenes in the world.", "Monotheism __knowledge__ A broader definition of monotheism is the belief in one god.", "Monotheism __knowledge__ A distinction may be made between exclusive monotheism, and both inclusive monotheism and pluriform (panentheistic) monotheism which, while recognising various distinct gods, postulate some underlying unity.", "Monotheism __knowledge__ Monotheism is distinguished from henotheism, a religious system in which the believer worships one god without denying that others may worship different gods with equal validity, and monolatrism, the recognition of the existence of many gods but with the consistent worship of only one deity.", "Philosophy of religion __knowledge__ Philosophy of religion is \"the philosophical examination of the central themes and concepts involved in religious traditions.\"", "Philosophy of religion __knowledge__ These sorts of philosophical discussion are ancient, and can be found in the earliest known manuscripts concerning philosophy.", "Philosophy of religion __knowledge__ The field is related to many other branches of philosophy, including metaphysics, epistemology, and ethics.", "Philosophy of religion __knowledge__ The philosophy of religion differs from religious philosophy in that it seeks to discuss questions regarding the nature of religion as a whole, rather than examining the problems brought forth by a particular belief system.", "Philosophy of religion __knowledge__ It is designed such that it can be carried out dispassionately by those who identify as believers or non-believers.", "Abrahamic religions __knowledge__ The Abrahamic religions, also referred to collectively as Abrahamism, are a group of Semitic-originated religious communities of faith that claim descent from the practices of the ancient Israelites and the worship of the God of Abraham.", "Abrahamic religions __knowledge__ The term derives from a figure from the Bible known as Abraham.", "Abrahamic religions __knowledge__ Abrahamic religion was able to spread globally through Christianity being adopted by the Roman Empire in the 4th century and the Islamic Empire from the 7th century onward.", "Abrahamic religions __knowledge__ As a consequence, today the Abrahamic religions are one of the major divisions in comparative religion (along with Indian, Iranian, and East Asian religions).", "Deity __knowledge__ A deity ( or ) is a supernatural being considered divine or sacred.", "Deity __knowledge__ The \"Oxford Dictionary of English\" defines deity as \"a god or goddess (in a polytheistic religion)\", or anything revered as divine.", "Deity __knowledge__ C. Scott Littleton defines a deity as \"a being with powers greater than those of ordinary humans, but who interacts with humans, positively or negatively, in ways that carry humans to new levels of consciousness, beyond the grounded preoccupations of ordinary life.\"", "Deity __knowledge__ A male deity is a god, while a female deity is a goddess.", "Deity __knowledge__ Religions can be categorized by how many deities they worship.", "Deity __knowledge__ Monotheistic religions accept only one deity (predominantly referred to as God), polytheistic religions accept multiple deities.", "Slavic Native Faith __knowledge__ The Slavic Native Faith, Rodnovery, is a modern Pagan religion.", "Slavic Native Faith __knowledge__ Classified as a new religious movement, its practitioners harken back to the historical belief systems of the Slavic peoples of Central and Eastern Europe.", "Slavic Native Faith __knowledge__ \"Rodnovery\" is a widely accepted self-descriptor within the community, although there are Rodnover organisations which further characterise the religion as Orthodoxy, Old Belief and Vedism.", "Slavic Native Faith __knowledge__ Rodnovers typically regard their religion as a faithful continuation of ancient beliefs that survived as folk religion or as conscious \"double belief\" following the Christianisation of the Slavs in the Middle Ages.", "Problem of evil __knowledge__ The problem of evil refers to the question of how to reconcile the existence of evil with an omnibenevolent, omniscient, and omnipotent God (see theism).", "Problem of evil __knowledge__ An argument from evil attempts to show that the co-existence of evil and such a God is unlikely or impossible.", "Problem of evil __knowledge__ Attempts to show the contrary have traditionally been discussed under the heading of theodicy.", "Problem of evil __knowledge__ Besides philosophy of religion, the problem of evil is also important to the field of theology and ethics.", "Problem of evil __knowledge__ The problem of evil is often formulated in two forms: the logical problem of evil and the evidential problem of evil.", "Problem of evil __knowledge__ The logical form of the argument tries to show a logical impossibility in the coexistence of God and evil, while the evidential form tries to show that given the evil in the world, it is improbable that there is an omnipotent, omniscient, and wholly good God.", "Muhammad in Islam __knowledge__ Muḥammad ibn ʿAbdullāh ibn ʿAbdul-Muṭṭalib ibn Hāshim () ( 570 CE – 8 June 632 CE), in short form Muhammad, is considered to be the last Messenger and Prophet of God in all the main branches of Islam.", "Muhammad in Islam __knowledge__ Muslims also believe that the Quran, which is the central religious text of Islam, was revealed to Muhammad by God, and that Muhammad was sent to restore Islam, which they believe to be the unaltered original monotheistic faith of Adam, Ibrahim, Musa, 'Isa, and other Prophets.", "Muhammad in Islam __knowledge__ The religious, social, and political tenets that Muhammad established with the Quran became the foundation of Islam and the Muslim world." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "God __knowledge__ In monotheistic thought, God is believed to be the Supreme Being and the principal object of faith.", "God __knowledge__ The concept of God, as described by theologians, commonly includes the attributes of omniscience (all-knowing), omnipotence (unlimited power), omnipresence (present everywhere), divine simplicity, and as having an eternal and necessary existence.", "God __knowledge__ God is most often held to be incorporeal (immaterial), and to be without gender, although many religions describe God using masculine terminology, using such terms as \"Him\" or \"Father\" and some religions (such as Judaism) attribute only a purely grammatical \"gender\" to God.", "God __knowledge__ Incorporeity and corporeity of God are related to conceptions of transcendence (being outside nature) and immanence (being in nature, in the world) of God, with positions of synthesis such as the \"immanent transcendence\".", "God __knowledge__ God has been conceived as either personal or impersonal.", "God __knowledge__ In theism, God is the creator and sustainer of the universe, while in deism, God is the creator, but not the sustainer, of the universe.", "God __knowledge__ In pantheism, God is the universe itself.", "God __knowledge__ In atheism, God is not believed to exist, while God is deemed unknown or unknowable within the context of agnosticism.", "God __knowledge__ God has also been conceived as the source of all moral obligation, and the \"greatest conceivable existent\".", "Atheism __knowledge__ Atheism is, in the broadest sense, the absence of belief in the existence of deities.", "Atheism __knowledge__ Less broadly, atheism is the rejection of belief that any deities exist.", "Atheism __knowledge__ In an even narrower sense, atheism is specifically the position that there are no deities.", "Atheism __knowledge__ Atheism is contrasted with theism, which, in its most general form, is the belief that at least one deity exists.", "Atheism __knowledge__ The etymological root for the word \"atheism\" originated before the 5th century BCE from the ancient Greek (\"atheos\"), meaning \"without god(s)\".", "Atheism __knowledge__ In antiquity it had multiple uses as a pejorative term applied to those thought to reject the gods worshiped by the larger society, those who were forsaken by the gods or those who had no commitment to belief in the gods.", "Warren, Michigan __knowledge__ Warren is a city in Macomb County in the U.S. state of Michigan.", "Warren, Michigan __knowledge__ The 2010 census places the city's population at 134,056, making Warren the largest city in Macomb County, the third largest city in Michigan, and Metro Detroit's largest suburb.", "Warren, Michigan __knowledge__ The city is home to a wide variety of businesses, including General Motors Technical Center, the United States Army Detroit Arsenal, home of the United States Army TACOM Life Cycle Management Command and the Tank Automotive Research, Development and Engineering Center (TARDEC), the headquarters of Big Boy Restaurants International, and Asset Acceptance.", "Warren, Michigan __knowledge__ The current mayor is James R. Fouts, who was elected to his first mayoral term in November 2007.", "Criticism of atheism __knowledge__ Criticism of atheism is criticism of the concepts, validity, or impact of atheism, including associated political and social implications.", "Criticism of atheism __knowledge__ Criticisms include positions based on the history of science, findings in the natural sciences, theistic apologetic arguments, arguments pertaining to ethics and morality, the effects of atheism on the individual, or the assumptions that underpin atheism.", "Criticism of atheism __knowledge__ Various contemporary agnostics like Carl Sagan and theists such as Dinesh D'Souza have criticised atheism for being an unscientific position.", "Criticism of atheism __knowledge__ Analytic philosopher Alvin Plantinga, Professor of Philosophy Emeritus at the University of Notre Dame, argues that a failure of theistic arguments might conceivably be good grounds for agnosticism, but not for atheism, and points to the observation of an apparently \"fine-tuned Universe\" as more likely to be explained by theism than atheism.", "History of atheism __knowledge__ Atheism (derived from the Ancient Greek ἄθεος \"atheos\" meaning \"without gods; godless; secular; denying or disdaining the gods, especially officially sanctioned gods\") is the absence or rejection of the belief that deities exist.", "History of atheism __knowledge__ The English term was used at least as early as the sixteenth century and atheistic ideas and their influence have a longer history.", "History of atheism __knowledge__ Over the centuries, atheists have supported their lack of belief in gods through a variety of avenues, including scientific, philosophical, and ideological notions.", "History of atheism __knowledge__ In the East, a contemplative life not centered on the idea of deities began in the sixth century BCE with the rise of Jainism, Buddhism, and certain sects of Hinduism in India, and of Taoism in China.", "Lucid Nation __knowledge__ Lucid Nation is an American Los Angeles-based experimental rock band formed in 1995 made up of Tamra Spivey and Ronnie Pontiac, and an ever-rotating line up of musicians.", "Lucid Nation __knowledge__ More multimedia collective than traditional band Lucid Nation projects include zines, documentary films, and art.", "Lucid Nation __knowledge__ Lucid Nation is on their own independent record label Brain Floss Records.", "Lucid Nation __knowledge__ The band was formed in Los Angeles in 1995, when founding drummer, Debbie Haliday, met Tamra Spivey and Ronnie Pontiac.", "Lucid Nation __knowledge__ Spivey and Pontiac were already playing in a band called Cat Cult who never released recordings or played live despite recording demos with Ralph Schuckett for Columbia Records.", "Lucid dream __knowledge__ A lucid dream is a dream during which the dreamer is aware of dreaming.", "Lucid dream __knowledge__ During lucid dreaming, the dreamer may be able to exert some degree of control over the dream characters, narrative, and environment.", "Lucid dream __knowledge__ The term 'lucid dream' was coined by Dutch author and psychiatrist Frederik van Eeden in his 1913 article \"A Study of Dreams\", though descriptions of dreamers being aware that they are dreaming predates the actual term.", "Lucid dream __knowledge__ Early references to the phenomenon are found in ancient Greek writing.", "Lucid dream __knowledge__ For example, the philosopher Aristotle wrote: 'often when one is asleep, there is something in consciousness which declares that what then presents itself is but a dream'.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Monotheism __knowledge__ Monotheism has been defined as the belief in the existence of only one god that created the world, is all-powerful and intervenes in the world.", "Monotheism __knowledge__ A broader definition of monotheism is the belief in one god.", "Monotheism __knowledge__ A distinction may be made between exclusive monotheism, and both inclusive monotheism and pluriform (panentheistic) monotheism which, while recognising various distinct gods, postulate some underlying unity.", "Monotheism __knowledge__ Monotheism is distinguished from henotheism, a religious system in which the believer worships one god without denying that others may worship different gods with equal validity, and monolatrism, the recognition of the existence of many gods but with the consistent worship of only one deity.", "Tawhid __knowledge__ Tawhid ( ', meaning \"oneness [of God]” also romanized as \"tawheed\", \"touheed\" or \"tevhid\") is the indivisible oneness concept of monotheism in Islam.", "Tawhid __knowledge__ Tawhid is the religion's central and single-most important concept, upon which a Muslim's entire faith rests.", "Tawhid __knowledge__ It unequivocally holds that God is One (') and Single (\"\"), therefore the Islamic belief in God is considered Unitarian.\"", "Tawhid __knowledge__ Tawhid constitutes the foremost article of the Muslim profession of faith.", "Tawhid __knowledge__ The first part of the shahada (the Islamic declaration of faith) is the declaration of belief in the oneness of God.", "Tawhid __knowledge__ To attribute divinity to anything or anyone else, is \"shirk\" - an unpardonable sin according to the Qur'an, if repentance is not sought afterwards.", "Abrahamic religions __knowledge__ The Abrahamic religions, also referred to collectively as Abrahamism, are a group of Semitic-originated religious communities of faith that claim descent from the practices of the ancient Israelites and the worship of the God of Abraham.", "Abrahamic religions __knowledge__ The term derives from a figure from the Bible known as Abraham.", "Abrahamic religions __knowledge__ Abrahamic religion was able to spread globally through Christianity being adopted by the Roman Empire in the 4th century and the Islamic Empire from the 7th century onward.", "Abrahamic religions __knowledge__ As a consequence, today the Abrahamic religions are one of the major divisions in comparative religion (along with Indian, Iranian, and East Asian religions).", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Christian theology is the theology of Christian belief and practice.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Such study concentrates primarily upon the texts of the Old Testament and of the New Testament, as well as on Christian tradition.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Christian theologians use biblical exegesis, rational analysis and argument.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Theologians may undertake Christian theology in order: or for a variety of other reasons.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Systematic theology as a discipline of Christian theology formulates an orderly, rational and coherent account of Christian faith and beliefs.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Systematic theology draws on the foundational sacred texts of Christianity, while simultaneously investigating the development of Christian doctrine over the course of history, particularly through philosophical evolution.", "The New Church (Swedenborgian) __knowledge__ The New Church (or Swedenborgianism) is the name for several historically related Christian denominations that developed as a new religious movement, informed by the writings of Swedish scientist and theologian Emanuel Swedenborg (1688–1772).", "The New Church (Swedenborgian) __knowledge__ Swedenborg claimed to have received a new revelation from Jesus Christ through continuous heavenly visions which he experienced over a period of at least twenty-five years.", "The New Church (Swedenborgian) __knowledge__ In his writings, he predicted that God would replace the traditional Christian Church, establishing a \"New Church\", which would worship God in one person: Jesus Christ.", "The New Church (Swedenborgian) __knowledge__ The New Church doctrine is that each person must actively cooperate in repentance, reformation, and regeneration of one's life.", "Conceptions of God __knowledge__ Conceptions of God in monotheist, pantheist, and panentheist religions – or of the supreme deity in henotheistic religions – can extend to various levels of abstraction: The first recordings that survive of monotheistic conceptions of God, borne out of henotheism and (mostly in Eastern religions) monism, are from the Hellenistic period.", "Conceptions of God __knowledge__ Of the many objects and entities that religions and other belief systems across the ages have labeled as divine, the one criterion they share is their acknowledgement as divine by a group or groups of human beings.", "Conceptions of God __knowledge__ In his \"Metaphysics\", Aristotle discusses meaning of \"being as being\".", "Polytheism __knowledge__ Polytheism (from Greek πολυθεϊσμός, \"polytheismos)\" is the worship of or belief in multiple deities, which are usually assembled into a pantheon of gods and goddesses, along with their own religions and rituals.", "Polytheism __knowledge__ In most religions which accept polytheism, the different gods and goddesses are representations of forces of nature or ancestral principles, and can be viewed either as autonomous or as aspects or emanations of a creator God or transcendental absolute principle (monistic theologies), which manifests immanently in nature (panentheistic and pantheistic theologies).", "Polytheism __knowledge__ Most of the polytheistic deities of ancient religions, with the notable exceptions of the Ancient Egyptian and Hindu deities, were conceived as having physical bodies." ] ]

[ 5, 1, 10, 22 ]

[ "Yes, God has been conceived as either personal or impersonal, he/she takes many forms.", "Human, animal and nature! The principal object of all monotheistic faith.", "Monotheism has been defined as the belief in the existence of only one god that created the world, it's interconnected to the history of faith.", "An interesting theory, I think everyone has a right to what they believe in but agnostics like Carl Sagan and theists such as Dinesh D'Souza have criticised atheism for being an unscientific position." ]

[ "God", "God", "God", "God" ]

[ "Mike Trout\nMike Trout is an amazing baseball player. Do you know much about him?", "He is only 27. He seems like he has been around a long time. When did he start playing?", "Has he ever won any major awards?", "Wow, so he is pretty well accomplished. Do you know anything else interesting about him?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mike Trout __knowledge__ Michael Nelson Trout (born August 7, 1991) is an American professional baseball center fielder for the Los Angeles Angels of Major League Baseball (MLB).", "Mike Trout __knowledge__ Trout is a six-time MLB All-Star, and received the American League (AL) Most Valuable Player (MVP) award in 2014 and 2016 (finishing second in the 2012, 2013 and 2015 votes).", "Mike Trout __knowledge__ He throws and bats right-handed, stands tall, and weighs .", "Mike Trout __knowledge__ Trout was a first-round pick by the Angels in the 2009 MLB draft and made a brief major league appearance in 2011.", "Mike Trout __knowledge__ He became a regular player for the Angels the subsequent season and won the 2012 AL Rookie of the Year Award unanimously.", "Mike Trout __knowledge__ He is under contract with the Angels through 2020.", "Mike Trout __knowledge__ Nicknamed \"The Millville Meteor\", Trout's MLB performances have received praise from both the mainstream media and sabermetricians.", "Mike Trout __knowledge__ He is regarded as one of the most outstanding young players in the history of baseball, as well as one of the best current players in all of MLB.", "Mike Trout __knowledge__ Trout led the American League in wins above replacement (WAR) in each of his first five full seasons (according to Fangraphs and Baseball-Reference.com).", "Mike Trout __knowledge__ Born in Vineland, New Jersey, to Jeff and Debbie Trout, he has two older siblings, sister Teal and brother Tyler.", "History of the Los Angeles Angels __knowledge__ The Los Angeles Angels are a professional baseball team is based in Anaheim, California.", "History of the Los Angeles Angels __knowledge__ The Angels compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the American League (AL) West division.", "History of the Los Angeles Angels __knowledge__ The \"Angels\" name originates from the city that was their original home, Los Angeles, and was inspired by a minor league club of the same name.", "History of the Los Angeles Angels __knowledge__ The Angels have played home games at Angel Stadium since 1966.", "History of the Los Angeles Angels __knowledge__ For many years, there had been talk of an existing American League team relocating to Los Angeles.", "History of the Los Angeles Angels __knowledge__ In 1940, the St. Louis Browns asked AL owners for permission to move to Los Angeles, but were turned down.", "Alex Rodriguez __knowledge__ Alexander Emmanuel Rodriguez (born July 27, 1975), nicknamed \"A-Rod\", is a Dominican-American former professional baseball shortstop and third baseman.", "Alex Rodriguez __knowledge__ He played 22 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Seattle Mariners, Texas Rangers, and New York Yankees.", "Alex Rodriguez __knowledge__ Rodriguez was one of the sport's most highly touted prospects and is considered one of the greatest baseball players of all time.", "Alex Rodriguez __knowledge__ Rodriguez amassed a .297 batting average, 696 home runs, over 2,000 runs batted in (RBI), over 2,000 runs scored, and over 3,000 hits.", "Alex Rodriguez __knowledge__ He is a 14-time All-Star and won three American League (AL) Most Valuable Player (MVP) Awards, ten Silver Slugger Awards, and two Gold Glove Awards.", "2014 Kansas City Royals season __knowledge__ The Kansas City Royals' season of 2014 was the 46th for the Royals franchise.", "2014 Kansas City Royals season __knowledge__ On September 26, 2014 the Royals clinched a playoff berth for the first time since 1985.", "2014 Kansas City Royals season __knowledge__ They began the post-season by defeating the Oakland Athletics in the Wild Card Game and sweeping both the Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim in the ALDS and the Baltimore Orioles in the ALCS, becoming the first team in Major League history to win their first 8 postseason games in a row.", "2014 Kansas City Royals season __knowledge__ They lost to the San Francisco Giants in seven games in the 2014 World Series.", "2014 Kansas City Royals season __knowledge__ After the first 29 games of the 2014 regular season, the Royals had a record of 14-15.", "Félix Hernández __knowledge__ Félix Abraham Hernández García (born April 8, 1986), nicknamed \"King Félix\", is a Venezuelan professional baseball starting pitcher for the Seattle Mariners of Major League Baseball (MLB).", "Félix Hernández __knowledge__ He made his MLB debut in 2005.", "Félix Hernández __knowledge__ On August 15, 2012, he threw the 23rd perfect game in Major League Baseball history against the Tampa Bay Rays in a 1–0 victory at Safeco Field.", "Félix Hernández __knowledge__ It was also the first perfect game in Seattle Mariners franchise history.", "Félix Hernández __knowledge__ As of January 14, 2018, his perfect game remains the most recent in Major League Baseball.", "Félix Hernández __knowledge__ On April 23, 2016, Hernandez claimed the record for most strikeouts by a Mariners pitcher when he struckout Rafael Ortega of the Los Angeles Angels for his 2,163rd strikeout as a Mariner pitcher.", "Orlando Cepeda __knowledge__ Orlando Manuel \"Peruchin\" Cepeda Pennes (; born September 17, 1937) is a Puerto Rican former Major League Baseball first baseman and a member of the National Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown, New York.", "Orlando Cepeda __knowledge__ The 1958 National League Rookie of the Year, Cepeda was voted the National League Most Valuable Player in 1967, the year his team, the St. Louis Cardinals, won the World Series.", "Orlando Cepeda __knowledge__ Overall, he appeared in three World Series and was the first winner of the American League's Outstanding Designated Hitter Award in 1973.", "Orlando Cepeda __knowledge__ He batted .300 or better 9 times in the 14 seasons he appeared in over 100 games, much of it played in what is now called the \"Second Deadball Era.\"", "Josh Donaldson __knowledge__ Joshua Adam Donaldson (born December 8, 1985) is an American professional baseball third baseman for the Toronto Blue Jays of Major League Baseball (MLB).", "Josh Donaldson __knowledge__ He was initially drafted by the Chicago Cubs in the 2007 MLB Draft after playing for Auburn University during his time in college.", "Josh Donaldson __knowledge__ Donaldson has also played for the Oakland Athletics, making his debut for the team in 2010 as a catcher, progressing with the team, switching positions to third base, and eventually becoming an All-Star in the 2014 MLB season.", "Josh Donaldson __knowledge__ After being traded to the Toronto Blue Jays, Donaldson was voted the American League Most Valuable Player for the 2015 MLB season, the first Blue Jays player to be named MVP since George Bell won the award in 1987, and was named as a starter to the 2015 MLB All-Star Game, earning the most fan votes obtained by a player in the process." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mike Trout __knowledge__ Michael Nelson Trout (born August 7, 1991) is an American professional baseball center fielder for the Los Angeles Angels of Major League Baseball (MLB).", "Mike Trout __knowledge__ Trout is a six-time MLB All-Star, and received the American League (AL) Most Valuable Player (MVP) award in 2014 and 2016 (finishing second in the 2012, 2013 and 2015 votes).", "Mike Trout __knowledge__ He throws and bats right-handed, stands tall, and weighs .", "Mike Trout __knowledge__ Trout was a first-round pick by the Angels in the 2009 MLB draft and made a brief major league appearance in 2011.", "Mike Trout __knowledge__ He became a regular player for the Angels the subsequent season and won the 2012 AL Rookie of the Year Award unanimously.", "Mike Trout __knowledge__ He is under contract with the Angels through 2020.", "Mike Trout __knowledge__ Nicknamed \"The Millville Meteor\", Trout's MLB performances have received praise from both the mainstream media and sabermetricians.", "Mike Trout __knowledge__ He is regarded as one of the most outstanding young players in the history of baseball, as well as one of the best current players in all of MLB.", "Mike Trout __knowledge__ Trout led the American League in wins above replacement (WAR) in each of his first five full seasons (according to Fangraphs and Baseball-Reference.com).", "Mike Trout __knowledge__ Born in Vineland, New Jersey, to Jeff and Debbie Trout, he has two older siblings, sister Teal and brother Tyler.", "List of Bakugan Battle Brawlers characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the Japanese anime series \"Bakugan Battle Brawlers\".", "List of Bakugan Battle Brawlers characters __knowledge__ Daniel \"Dan\" Kuso (known in the Japanese version as is the main human protagonist in the series, who, is 12 years old in the first season, 15 in New Vestroia, 16 in Gundalian Invaders, and 17 in Mechtanium Surge.", "List of Bakugan Battle Brawlers characters __knowledge__ In the beginning he is ranked #121, and by episode 39, he is ranked #1, and has become ranked #4 or under in episode 6 of Mechtanium Surge.", "List of Bakugan Battle Brawlers characters __knowledge__ In \"New Vestroia\", Dan returns to New Vestroia to help Drago save the world from the invading Vestals.", "List of Bakugan Battle Brawlers characters __knowledge__ Despite having just been introduced to the new Brawling system, Dan manages to get the hang of it before he battles his way into the Resistance by tying with Ace.", "List of Power Rangers Mystic Force characters __knowledge__ \"Power Rangers Mystic Force\" is the 2006 season of Power Rangers which tells the story of the fight between the Mystic Rangers and the evil Forces of Darkness who are trying to rule over the worlds of mortals and magic.", "List of Power Rangers Mystic Force characters __knowledge__ The powers of the Mystic Rangers are derived from beings known as the Ancient Titans, creatures with great elemental powers, symbolized by mythological creatures from various Earth mythologies on the Ranger's visors (the creatures being the phoenix, the sprite, the garuda, the minotaur and the mermaid).", "List of Power Rangers Mystic Force characters __knowledge__ To date, they are the only team of Rangers to not have some kind of team-up special with another Ranger team in their own season.", "The Rain God __knowledge__ The Rain God is a novelised family portrait by Arturo Islas of a Mexican family living in a town on the U.S.-Mexican border, illustrating its members’ struggle to cope with physical handicaps, sexuality, racial and ethnic identification in their new surroundings.", "The Rain God __knowledge__ In five chapters, the author draws a character study which reveals the saints and sinners of the family.", "The Rain God __knowledge__ In the first chapter, Miguel Chico, son to Miguel Grande and Juanita is introduced.", "The Rain God __knowledge__ He is the only member of the Angel family to achieve a college education so far, and he lives away from the rest of the family in San Francisco.", "The Rain God __knowledge__ Because he has chosen to live so far away, he is viewed with suspicion by some members of the family.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Sidney Crosby __knowledge__ Sidney Patrick Crosby, (born August 7, 1987) is a Canadian professional ice hockey player, who serves as captain of the Pittsburgh Penguins of the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Sidney Crosby __knowledge__ After an exceptional minor and junior career, Crosby was one of the most highly regarded draft picks in hockey history, leading many to refer to the 2005 Draft Lottery as the \"Sidney Crosby Sweepstakes\".", "Sidney Crosby __knowledge__ Nicknamed \"Sid the Kid\" and \"The Next One\", he was selected first overall by the Penguins.", "Sidney Crosby __knowledge__ In his first NHL season, Crosby recorded 102 points and was a runner-up for the Calder Memorial Trophy.", "Sidney Crosby __knowledge__ By his second season, he led the NHL with 120 points to capture the Art Ross Trophy, becoming the youngest player and the only teenager to win a scoring title in any major North American sports league.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "2017 Washington Nationals season __knowledge__ The 2017 Washington Nationals season was the Nationals' 13th season as the baseball franchise of Major League Baseball in the District of Columbia, the 10th season at Nationals Park, and the 49th since the original team was started in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.", "2017 Washington Nationals season __knowledge__ They won the National League East division title for the fourth time in six years but were defeated by the Chicago Cubs in the Division Series.", "2017 Washington Nationals season __knowledge__ The Washington Nationals announced in October 2016 that their entire coaching staff would return for the 2017 season, led by manager Dusty Baker.", "2017 Washington Nationals season __knowledge__ The team lost several players to free agency after the 2016 season, including right-handed relief pitcher Matt Belisle, left-handed reliever Sean Burnett, infielder Stephen Drew, outfielder Chris Heisey, right-handed pitcher Mat Latos, closer Mark Melancon, catcher Wilson Ramos, and left-handed reliever Marc Rzepczynski.", "History of the Los Angeles Angels __knowledge__ The Los Angeles Angels are a professional baseball team is based in Anaheim, California.", "History of the Los Angeles Angels __knowledge__ The Angels compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the American League (AL) West division.", "History of the Los Angeles Angels __knowledge__ The \"Angels\" name originates from the city that was their original home, Los Angeles, and was inspired by a minor league club of the same name.", "History of the Los Angeles Angels __knowledge__ The Angels have played home games at Angel Stadium since 1966.", "History of the Los Angeles Angels __knowledge__ For many years, there had been talk of an existing American League team relocating to Los Angeles.", "History of the Los Angeles Angels __knowledge__ In 1940, the St. Louis Browns asked AL owners for permission to move to Los Angeles, but were turned down.", "2016 Washington Nationals season __knowledge__ The 2016 Washington Nationals season was the Nationals' 12th season as the baseball franchise of Major League Baseball in the District of Columbia, the ninth season at Nationals Park, and the 48th since the original team was started in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.", "2016 Washington Nationals season __knowledge__ They won the National League East division title for the third time in five years, posting a 95–67 record, and were defeated by the Los Angeles Dodgers in five games in the Division Series.", "2016 Washington Nationals season __knowledge__ Less than 24 hours after the end of the 2015 season, manager Matt Williams and his entire coaching staff were dismissed.", "2016 Washington Nationals season __knowledge__ Some coaches were offered other positions in the organization, with bench coach Randy Knorr notably accepting a position as senior assistant to general manager Mike Rizzo for player development.", "History of the Boston Red Sox __knowledge__ The history of the Boston Red Sox begins in , as one of the original franchises of the American League.", "History of the Boston Red Sox __knowledge__ In 1900, Ban Johnson's minor Western League, based in the Midwest, declared its equality with the National League, then the only major league in baseball.", "History of the Boston Red Sox __knowledge__ Johnson changed the name of his league to the American League.", "History of the Boston Red Sox __knowledge__ Competing in the streets, the upstart placed franchises in two of the largest and most important NL cities, Philadelphia and Boston.", "History of the Boston Red Sox __knowledge__ Playing their home games at Huntington Avenue Grounds, the Boston franchise (often called the Americans during this time) finished second and third place in their first two seasons before capturing their first pennant in 1903 and repeating the feat in 1904.", "Jacoby Ellsbury __knowledge__ Jacoby McCabe Ellsbury ( ; born September 11, 1983) is an American professional baseball center fielder for the New York Yankees of Major League Baseball (MLB).", "Jacoby Ellsbury __knowledge__ He played in MLB for the Boston Red Sox from 2007 through 2013, and joined the Yankees before the 2014 season.", "Jacoby Ellsbury __knowledge__ Ellsbury was first drafted by the Tampa Bay Devil Rays in the 23rd round of the 2002 MLB draft, but did not sign.", "Jacoby Ellsbury __knowledge__ He was drafted next as 23rd overall by the Red Sox in the 2005, after playing college baseball for three years at Oregon State University.", "Jacoby Ellsbury __knowledge__ Ellsbury is the only Red Sox player in history to be a member of the 30–30 club.", "Los Angeles Angels __knowledge__ The Los Angeles Angels are an American professional baseball franchise based in Anaheim, California.", "Los Angeles Angels __knowledge__ The Angels compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the American League (AL) West division.", "Los Angeles Angels __knowledge__ The Angels have played home games at Angel Stadium since 1966.", "Los Angeles Angels __knowledge__ The current Major League franchise was established as an expansion team in 1961 by Gene Autry, the team's first owner.", "Los Angeles Angels __knowledge__ The \"Angels\" name was taken by Autry in tribute to the original Los Angeles Angels, a Minor League franchise in the Pacific Coast League (PCL), which played in South Central Los Angeles from 1903 to 1957.", "Los Angeles Angels __knowledge__ He bought the rights to the Angels name from Walter O'Malley, the then-Los Angeles Dodgers owner, who acquired the PCL franchise from Philip K. Wrigley, the owner of the parent Chicago Cubs at the time, as part of the Dodgers' move to Southern California." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mike Trout __knowledge__ Michael Nelson Trout (born August 7, 1991) is an American professional baseball center fielder for the Los Angeles Angels of Major League Baseball (MLB).", "Mike Trout __knowledge__ Trout is a six-time MLB All-Star, and received the American League (AL) Most Valuable Player (MVP) award in 2014 and 2016 (finishing second in the 2012, 2013 and 2015 votes).", "Mike Trout __knowledge__ He throws and bats right-handed, stands tall, and weighs .", "Mike Trout __knowledge__ Trout was a first-round pick by the Angels in the 2009 MLB draft and made a brief major league appearance in 2011.", "Mike Trout __knowledge__ He became a regular player for the Angels the subsequent season and won the 2012 AL Rookie of the Year Award unanimously.", "Mike Trout __knowledge__ He is under contract with the Angels through 2020.", "Mike Trout __knowledge__ Nicknamed \"The Millville Meteor\", Trout's MLB performances have received praise from both the mainstream media and sabermetricians.", "Mike Trout __knowledge__ He is regarded as one of the most outstanding young players in the history of baseball, as well as one of the best current players in all of MLB.", "Mike Trout __knowledge__ Trout led the American League in wins above replacement (WAR) in each of his first five full seasons (according to Fangraphs and Baseball-Reference.com).", "Mike Trout __knowledge__ Born in Vineland, New Jersey, to Jeff and Debbie Trout, he has two older siblings, sister Teal and brother Tyler.", "Fernanda Montenegro __knowledge__ Arlette Pinheiro Esteves Torres (born October 16, 1929) better known by her stage name Fernanda Montenegro, is a Brazilian stage, television and film actress, mostly recognized for her leading role in \"Central Station\", for which she was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress, becoming the first Latin American actress and first Brazilian actress ever nominated in that category.", "Fernanda Montenegro __knowledge__ Also for this work, she was nominated for the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Motion Picture Drama and won the Silver Bear at the Berlin International Film Festival.", "Fernanda Montenegro __knowledge__ In 1999, she was honored with the medal , \"for the recognition of the outstanding work in the Brazilian performing arts\", delivered by then President Fernando Henrique Cardoso.", "List of people who have won Academy, Emmy, Grammy, and Tony Awards __knowledge__ Twelve people have won all four major annual American entertainment awards in a competitive, individual (non-group) category of the Emmy, Grammy, Oscar and Tony Awards.", "List of people who have won Academy, Emmy, Grammy, and Tony Awards __knowledge__ Respectively, these awards honor outstanding achievements in television, recording, film, and theater.", "List of people who have won Academy, Emmy, Grammy, and Tony Awards __knowledge__ Winning all four awards has been referred to as winning the \"grand slam\" of American show business.", "List of people who have won Academy, Emmy, Grammy, and Tony Awards __knowledge__ The acronym EGOT was coined by actor Philip Michael Thomas.", "List of people who have won Academy, Emmy, Grammy, and Tony Awards __knowledge__ When coining the acronym, Thomas stated that it also means \"energy, growth, opportunity and talent\".", "List of people who have won Academy, Emmy, Grammy, and Tony Awards __knowledge__ However, he also intended (and still believes) that the \"E\" should only stand for the Primetime Emmy Award, and not a Daytime Emmy or any of the awards presented at the other types of Emmy ceremonies.", "Ramsey Campbell __knowledge__ Ramsey Campbell (born 4 January 1946 in Liverpool) is an English horror fiction writer, editor and critic who has been writing for well over fifty years.", "Ramsey Campbell __knowledge__ Two of his novels have been filmed, both for non-English-speaking markets.", "Ramsey Campbell __knowledge__ Since he first came to prominence in the mid-1960s, critics have cited Campbell as one of the leading writers in his field: T. E. D. Klein has written that \"Campbell reigns supreme in the field today\", and Robert Hadji has described him as \"perhaps the finest living exponent of the British weird fiction tradition\", while S. T. Joshi stated, \"future generations will regard him as the leading horror writer of our generation, every bit the equal of Lovecraft or Blackwood.\"", "List of people who won the Philippine movie grand slam __knowledge__ The Grand Slam in the Philippine movie industry refers to people who have won all four major film awards in the same category in the same year.", "List of people who won the Philippine movie grand slam __knowledge__ The four major organizations that evaluate all Filipino films released in the country and hand out awards for best cinematic output in various categories in a calendar year are the: The term \"grand slam\" was coined in 1983, when Vilma Santos won the Best Actress award from FAMAS, Urian, FAP and the Catholic Mass Media Awards (CMMA) for her performance in \"Relasyon\".", "List of people who won the Philippine movie grand slam __knowledge__ The Catholic Mass Media Awards were created in 1978 and beside movies, they also honor television, radio, print, advertising and music.", "Bryant Bulldogs baseball __knowledge__ The Bryant Bulldogs baseball team is the varsity intercollegiate baseball team of Bryant University, located in Smithfield, Rhode Island.", "Bryant Bulldogs baseball __knowledge__ The program has been a member of the Northeast Conference (NEC) since the 2010 season.", "Bryant Bulldogs baseball __knowledge__ It plays at Conaty Park on the northern edge of Bryant's campus.", "Bryant Bulldogs baseball __knowledge__ Steve Owens has been the program's head coach since the 2011 season.", "Bryant Bulldogs baseball __knowledge__ In Division I, Bryant has appeared in two NCAA Tournaments; it has won the NEC Tournament twice and the NEC regular season title four times.", "Bryant Bulldogs baseball __knowledge__ In Division II, it appeared in five NCAA Tournaments, including the 2004 College World Series; it won the Northeast-10 Tournament once and the NE-10 regular season title six times.", "Hula Girls __knowledge__ \"Hula Girls\" was critically acclaimed upon release in Japan and nominated for a total of 12 awards at the 2007 Japan Academy Awards, going on to win five major awards, including that of best film, best director, best screenplay, best supporting actress (for Yū Aoi), and most popular film.", "Hula Girls __knowledge__ It also won two major awards at the 80th Kinema Junpo awards, including that of best film and best supporting actress (for Yū Aoi).", "Hula Girls __knowledge__ Since its release in Japan, the film has been shown across theaters and film festivals worldwide.", "Hula Girls __knowledge__ In 1965, the cold, northern coal mining town of Iwaki, was facing unemployment due to oil becoming the predominant energy resource in Japan.", "Dump months __knowledge__ The dump months are what the film community calls the two periods of the year when there are lowered commercial and critical expectations for most new releases.", "Dump months __knowledge__ Audiences during these periods are smaller than the rest of the year, so no tentpole movies are released.", "Dump months __knowledge__ January and February are usually most commonly described this way, with August and September sometimes included.", "Dump months __knowledge__ Releases during those times primarily include films that would have been released at other times of year had they done better at test screenings, films with less prominent stars, genre films (particularly horror), movies that cannot be easily marketed and films intended for a teenage audience, which has fewer entertainment options outside the home.", "2017 St. Louis Cardinals season __knowledge__ The 2017 St. Louis Cardinals season was the 136th for the St. Louis Cardinals of Major League Baseball (MLB), a franchise in St. Louis, Missouri.", "2017 St. Louis Cardinals season __knowledge__ It was the 126th season for the Cardinals in the National League (NL), and their 12th at Busch Stadium III.", "2017 St. Louis Cardinals season __knowledge__ For the first time since the 2007-2008 seasons, the Cardinals missed the playoffs in consecutive years, with a September 28 loss, in 2016-2017.", "2017 St. Louis Cardinals season __knowledge__ Major League Baseball and the Players' Association reached a new, tentative CBA contract to reduce the 15-day disabled list timetable to 10-days.", "2017 St. Louis Cardinals season __knowledge__ This change will allow teams to make quicker decisions on whether to bring up a roster replacement rather than wait to see if the injured player would be ready to return to action in less than two weeks.", "Washington Nationals minor league players __knowledge__ Minor league players and teams affiliated with the Washington Nationals professional baseball organization include: Jeffrey Sean Ames (born January 31, 1991) is an American professional baseball pitcher in the Washington Nationals organization.", "Washington Nationals minor league players __knowledge__ Prior to becoming a professional ballplayer, Ames pitched for Lower Columbia College in Longview, Washington, near his hometown of Vancouver, a suburb of Portland, Oregon.", "Washington Nationals minor league players __knowledge__ A graduate of Skyview High School, he was noted for a fastball topping out at 100 mph in college.", "Washington Nationals minor league players __knowledge__ The Philadelphia Phillies drafted Ames in the 46th round of the 2009 Major League Baseball draft, but he chose to attend college instead of signing.", "2016 St. Louis Cardinals season __knowledge__ The St. Louis Cardinals 2016 season was the 135th for the Major League Baseball (MLB) franchise in St. Louis, Missouri, the 125th season in the National League (NL), and the 11th at Busch Stadium III.", "2016 St. Louis Cardinals season __knowledge__ They entered the season having won a major-league best 100 games, as three-time defending NL Central division champions, and with five consecutive playoff appearances.", "2016 St. Louis Cardinals season __knowledge__ \"Forbes\" magazine estimated the value of the club to be $1.6 billion in 2016, making it the seventh-most valuable franchise in MLB.", "2016 St. Louis Cardinals season __knowledge__ The Cardinals were eliminated from playoff (Wild Card) contention following the San Francisco Giants' 7–1 victory over the Los Angeles Dodgers on Sunday, October 2.", "Draft (sports) __knowledge__ A draft is a process used in some countries and sports to allocate certain players to teams.", "Draft (sports) __knowledge__ In a draft, teams take turns selecting from a pool of eligible players.", "Draft (sports) __knowledge__ When a team selects a player, the team receives exclusive rights to sign that player to a contract, and no other team in the league may sign the player.", "Draft (sports) __knowledge__ The best-known type of draft is the entry draft, which is used to allocate players who have recently become eligible to play in a league.", "Draft (sports) __knowledge__ Depending on the sport, the players may come from college, high school or junior teams or teams in other countries.", "Draft (sports) __knowledge__ An entry draft is intended to prevent expensive bidding wars for young talent and to ensure that no one team can sign contracts with all of the best young players and make the league uncompetitive.", "Boston Red Sox minor league players __knowledge__ This is a partial list of players in the Boston Red Sox minor league organization: Ty Douglas Buttrey (born March 31, 1993) is a starting pitcher who plays in the Boston Red Sox Minor League system.", "Boston Red Sox minor league players __knowledge__ Listed at 6' 6\", 235 lb., he bats left handed and throws right handed.", "Boston Red Sox minor league players __knowledge__ The Red Sox selected Buttrey in the 4th round of the 2012 MLB Draft out of Providence High School in Charlotte, North Carolina, signing him a bonus of $1,300,000.", "Boston Red Sox minor league players __knowledge__ He posted a 9–2 record with a 0.91 earned run average and a 100 strikeouts as a senior, averaging 13.04 strikeouts per 9 innings pitched.", "Boston Red Sox minor league players __knowledge__ Following four games for the Gulf Coast League Red Sox in 2012, Buttrey pitched his first full professional season in 2013 with Low-A Lowell Spinners of the New York–Penn League, where he went 4–3 with a 2.21 ERA in 13 games started.", "Mariano Rivera __knowledge__ Mariano Rivera (born November 29, 1969) is a Panamanian-American former professional baseball pitcher who played 19 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the New York Yankees, from 1995 to 2013.", "Mariano Rivera __knowledge__ Nicknamed \"Mo\" and \"Sandman\", Rivera spent most of his career as a relief pitcher and served as the Yankees' closer for 17 seasons.", "Mariano Rivera __knowledge__ A thirteen-time All-Star and five-time World Series champion, he is MLB's career leader in saves (652) and games finished (952).", "Mariano Rivera __knowledge__ Rivera won five American League (AL) Rolaids Relief Man Awards and three Delivery Man of the Year Awards, and he finished in the top three in voting for the AL Cy Young Award four times." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mike Trout __knowledge__ Michael Nelson Trout (born August 7, 1991) is an American professional baseball center fielder for the Los Angeles Angels of Major League Baseball (MLB).", "Mike Trout __knowledge__ Trout is a six-time MLB All-Star, and received the American League (AL) Most Valuable Player (MVP) award in 2014 and 2016 (finishing second in the 2012, 2013 and 2015 votes).", "Mike Trout __knowledge__ He throws and bats right-handed, stands tall, and weighs .", "Mike Trout __knowledge__ Trout was a first-round pick by the Angels in the 2009 MLB draft and made a brief major league appearance in 2011.", "Mike Trout __knowledge__ He became a regular player for the Angels the subsequent season and won the 2012 AL Rookie of the Year Award unanimously.", "Mike Trout __knowledge__ He is under contract with the Angels through 2020.", "Mike Trout __knowledge__ Nicknamed \"The Millville Meteor\", Trout's MLB performances have received praise from both the mainstream media and sabermetricians.", "Mike Trout __knowledge__ He is regarded as one of the most outstanding young players in the history of baseball, as well as one of the best current players in all of MLB.", "Mike Trout __knowledge__ Trout led the American League in wins above replacement (WAR) in each of his first five full seasons (according to Fangraphs and Baseball-Reference.com).", "Mike Trout __knowledge__ Born in Vineland, New Jersey, to Jeff and Debbie Trout, he has two older siblings, sister Teal and brother Tyler.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "The Monkees __knowledge__ The Monkees are an American rock and pop band originally active between 1965 and 1971, with subsequent reunion albums and tours in the decades that followed.", "The Monkees __knowledge__ They were formed in Los Angeles in 1965 by Bob Rafelson and Bert Schneider for the American television series \"The Monkees\", which aired from 1966 to 1968.", "The Monkees __knowledge__ The musical acting quartet was composed of Americans Micky Dolenz, Michael Nesmith and Peter Tork and British stage and television actor and singer Davy Jones.", "The Monkees __knowledge__ The band's music was initially supervised by producer Don Kirshner, backed by the songwriting duo of Tommy Boyce and Bobby Hart.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "John L. McKenzie __knowledge__ John Lawrence McKenzie (October 9, 1910 – March 2, 1991) was born on October 9, 1910, in Brazil, Indiana, the first of the six children of Myra (Daly) and Harry McKenzie.", "John L. McKenzie __knowledge__ John McKenzie became the premier Catholic Biblical scholar of the mid-twentieth century; indeed, John Courtney Murray, SJ, wrote that John McKenzie was \"the best Catholic theologian he knew of in the United States.\"", "John L. McKenzie __knowledge__ John McKenzie was interested in the Jesuits from an early age.", "John L. McKenzie __knowledge__ At some significant sacrifice to his family, he was enrolled in a Jesuit boarding high school in St. Mary’s, Kansas, where he came first in his class three out of his four years there.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of supporting characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ is a fictional character in the anime \"Tenchi Muyo!\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ OVA In the OVA, Katsuhito, also known as , fled Jurai over 700 years ago to \"retire\" on Earth.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ He was once the greatest swordsman on Jurai.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ Currently Katsuhito is a Shinto priest who is not only training Tenchi to be a Shinto priest but also training him in Jurai swordsmanship.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ Yōshō had a marriage arranged with half-sister Ayeka, but left.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ At the time, not all Juraians liked the idea of mixed blood heritages (he is part human, on his mother's side) and he used Ryōko's attack as an excuse to slip away to Earth.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Sex Pistols __knowledge__ The Sex Pistols were an English punk rock band that formed in London in 1975.", "Sex Pistols __knowledge__ They were responsible for initiating the punk movement in the United Kingdom and inspiring many later punk and alternative rock musicians.", "Sex Pistols __knowledge__ Although their initial career lasted just two-and-a-half years and produced only four singles and one studio album, \"Never Mind the Bollocks, Here's the Sex Pistols\", they are regarded as one of the most influential acts in the history of popular music.", "Sex Pistols __knowledge__ The Sex Pistols originally comprised vocalist Johnny Rotten, guitarist Steve Jones, drummer Paul Cook and bassist Glen Matlock.", "Sex Pistols __knowledge__ Matlock was replaced by Sid Vicious in early 1977.", "History of the New York Yankees __knowledge__ The history of the New York Yankees Major League Baseball (MLB) team spans more than a century.", "History of the New York Yankees __knowledge__ Frank J. Farrell and William Stephen Devery bought the rights to an American League (AL) club in New York City after the 1902 season.", "History of the New York Yankees __knowledge__ The team, which became known as the Yankees in 1913, rarely contended for the AL championship before the acquisition of outfielder Babe Ruth after the 1919 season.", "History of the New York Yankees __knowledge__ With Ruth in the lineup, the Yankees won their first AL title in 1921, followed by their first World Series championship in 1923.", "History of the New York Yankees __knowledge__ Ruth and first baseman Lou Gehrig were part of the team's Murderers' Row lineup, which led the Yankees to a then-AL record 110 wins and a Series championship in 1927 under Miller Huggins.", "Alex Rodriguez __knowledge__ Alexander Emmanuel Rodriguez (born July 27, 1975), nicknamed \"A-Rod\", is a Dominican-American former professional baseball shortstop and third baseman.", "Alex Rodriguez __knowledge__ He played 22 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Seattle Mariners, Texas Rangers, and New York Yankees.", "Alex Rodriguez __knowledge__ Rodriguez was one of the sport's most highly touted prospects and is considered one of the greatest baseball players of all time.", "Alex Rodriguez __knowledge__ Rodriguez amassed a .297 batting average, 696 home runs, over 2,000 runs batted in (RBI), over 2,000 runs scored, and over 3,000 hits.", "Alex Rodriguez __knowledge__ He is a 14-time All-Star and won three American League (AL) Most Valuable Player (MVP) Awards, ten Silver Slugger Awards, and two Gold Glove Awards.", "Detroit Tigers __knowledge__ The Detroit Tigers are an American professional baseball team based in Detroit, Michigan.", "Detroit Tigers __knowledge__ The Tigers compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the American League (AL) Central division.", "Detroit Tigers __knowledge__ One of the AL's eight charter franchises, the club was founded in Detroit in .", "Detroit Tigers __knowledge__ They are the oldest continuous one-name, one-city franchise in the AL.", "Detroit Tigers __knowledge__ The Tigers have won four World Series championships (, , , and ), 11 AL pennants (1907, 1908, 1909, 1934, 1935, 1940, 1945, 1968, 1984, 2006, 2012), and four AL Central division championships (2011, 2012, 2013, and 2014).", "Detroit Tigers __knowledge__ The Tigers also won division titles in 1972, 1984 and 1987 while members of the AL East.", "Josh Hamilton __knowledge__ Joshua Holt Hamilton (born May 21, 1981) is an American professional baseball outfielder who is currently a free agent.", "Josh Hamilton __knowledge__ He stands tall and weighs .", "Josh Hamilton __knowledge__ He previously played for the Cincinnati Reds (2007), Texas Rangers (2008-2012, 2015), and Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim (2013–2014).", "Josh Hamilton __knowledge__ Hamilton is a five-time MLB All-Star and won the American League Most Valuable Player Award (MVP) in 2010.", "Josh Hamilton __knowledge__ Josh Hamilton was the first overall pick in the 1999 MLB draft by the Tampa Bay Devil Rays.", "Josh Hamilton __knowledge__ He was considered a blue chip prospect until injuries and a drug addiction derailed his career, beginning in 2001.", "Josh Hamilton __knowledge__ Prior to the 2007 season, Hamilton was selected by the Chicago Cubs (picking for the Reds) in the Rule 5 draft.", "Minnesota Twins __knowledge__ The Minnesota Twins are an American professional baseball team based in Minneapolis, Minnesota.", "Minnesota Twins __knowledge__ The Twins compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the American League (AL) Central division.", "Minnesota Twins __knowledge__ The team is named after the Twin Cities area comprising Minneapolis and St. Paul.", "Minnesota Twins __knowledge__ They played in Metropolitan Stadium from 1961 to 1981 and the Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome from 1982 to 2009.", "Minnesota Twins __knowledge__ They played their inaugural game at the newly completed Target Field on April 12, 2010.", "Minnesota Twins __knowledge__ The team was founded in Washington, D.C. in as one of the eight original teams of the American League, named the Washington Senators or Washington Nationals.", "Justin Verlander __knowledge__ Justin Brooks Verlander (born February 20, 1983) is an American professional baseball pitcher for the Houston Astros of Major League Baseball (MLB).", "Justin Verlander __knowledge__ He previously played for the Detroit Tigers for 13 seasons, with whom he made his major league debut on July 4, 2005.", "Justin Verlander __knowledge__ As a former ace in the Tigers' starting rotation, he was regarded as a key figure in four consecutive American League (AL) Central division championships from 2011−2014.", "Justin Verlander __knowledge__ He is among the career pitching leaders for the Tigers, including ranking second in strikeouts (2,373), seventh in wins (183), and eighth in innings pitched (2511)." ] ]

[ 1, 4, 2, 5 ]

[ "I sure do. He is a center fielder for the Los Angeles Angels. In fact his birthday is today. He turned 27.", "He was a first-round pick in the 2009 MLB draft and made a brief major league appearance in 2011.", "He is a six-time MLB All-Star and received AL MVP in 2014 and 2016.", "Sure, he won the 2012 AL Rookie of the Year award unanimously. He is an outstanding player." ]

[ "Mike Trout", "Mike Trout", "Mike Trout", "Mike Trout" ]

[ "Farmer", "What kind of vegetables are typically found on a farm?", "Wow, I never knew farmers grew all of those things. What kind of vegetables are grown in a vineyard?", "I see. Does the farmer make wine out of the grapes?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Farmer __knowledge__ A farmer (also called an agriculturer) is a person engaged in agriculture, raising living organisms for food or raw materials.", "Farmer __knowledge__ The term usually applies to people who do some combination of raising field crops, orchards, vineyards, poultry, or other livestock.", "Farmer __knowledge__ A farmer might own the farmed land or might work as a laborer on land owned by others, but in advanced economies, a farmer is usually a farm owner, while employees of the farm are known as farm workers, or farmhands.", "Farmer __knowledge__ However, in the not so distant past, a farmer was a person who promotes or improves the growth of (a plant, crop, etc.)", "Farmer __knowledge__ by labor and attention, land or crops or raises animals (as livestock or fish).", "Farmer __knowledge__ Farming has been dated back as far as the Neolithic era.", "Farmer __knowledge__ By the Bronze Age, the Sumerians had an agriculture specialized labor force by 5000–4000 BCE, and heavily depended on irrigation to grow crops.", "Farmer __knowledge__ They relied on three-person teams when harvesting in the spring.", "Farmer __knowledge__ The Ancient Egypt farmers farmed and relied and irrigated their water from the Nile.", "Farmer __knowledge__ Animal husbandry, the practice of rearing animals specifically for farming purposes, has existed for thousands of years.", "Farmer __knowledge__ Dogs were domesticated in East Asia about 15,000 years ago." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Farmer __knowledge__ A farmer (also called an agriculturer) is a person engaged in agriculture, raising living organisms for food or raw materials.", "Farmer __knowledge__ The term usually applies to people who do some combination of raising field crops, orchards, vineyards, poultry, or other livestock.", "Farmer __knowledge__ A farmer might own the farmed land or might work as a laborer on land owned by others, but in advanced economies, a farmer is usually a farm owner, while employees of the farm are known as farm workers, or farmhands.", "Farmer __knowledge__ However, in the not so distant past, a farmer was a person who promotes or improves the growth of (a plant, crop, etc.)", "Farmer __knowledge__ by labor and attention, land or crops or raises animals (as livestock or fish).", "Farmer __knowledge__ Farming has been dated back as far as the Neolithic era.", "Farmer __knowledge__ By the Bronze Age, the Sumerians had an agriculture specialized labor force by 5000–4000 BCE, and heavily depended on irrigation to grow crops.", "Farmer __knowledge__ They relied on three-person teams when harvesting in the spring.", "Farmer __knowledge__ The Ancient Egypt farmers farmed and relied and irrigated their water from the Nile.", "Farmer __knowledge__ Animal husbandry, the practice of rearing animals specifically for farming purposes, has existed for thousands of years.", "Farmer __knowledge__ Dogs were domesticated in East Asia about 15,000 years ago.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ Urban agriculture, urban farming, or urban gardening is the practice of cultivating, processing, and distributing food in or around a village, town, or city.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ Urban agriculture can also involve animal husbandry, aquaculture, agroforestry, urban beekeeping, and horticulture.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ These activities occur in peri-urban areas as well, and peri-urban agriculture may have different characteristics.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ Urban agriculture can reflect varying levels of economic and social development.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ In the global north, it often takes the form of a social movement for sustainable communities, where organic growers, ‘foodies,’ and ‘locavores’ form social networks founded on a shared ethos of nature and community holism.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ Filipino cuisine (Filipino: \"Lutuing Filipino\" or \"Pagkaing Filipino\") is composed of the cuisines of 135 distinct ethno-linguistic tribes found within the Philippine archipelago, however, majority of mainstream Filipino dishes that compose Filipino cuisine are from the cuisines of the Bikol, Chabakano, Hiligaynon, Ilokano, Kapampangan, Meranaw, Pangasinan, Sebwano (or Bisaya), Tagalog, and Waray ethno-linguistic tribes.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ The style of cooking and the food associated with it have evolved over many centuries from their Austronesian origins (shared with Malaysian and Indonesian cuisines) to a mixed cuisine of Indian, Chinese, Spanish, and American influences, in line with the major waves of influence that had enriched the cultures of the archipelago, as well as others adapted to indigenous ingredients and the local palate.", "Borscht __knowledge__ Borscht () is a sour soup popular in several Eastern European cuisines, including Ukrainian, Russian, Polish, Belarusian, Lithuanian, Romanian, Ashkenazi Jewish and Armenian cuisines.", "Borscht __knowledge__ The variety most commonly associated with the name in English is of Ukrainian origin and includes beetroots as one of the main ingredients, which gives the dish its distinctive red color.", "Borscht __knowledge__ It shares the name, however, with a wide selection of sour-tasting soups without beetroots, such as sorrel-based green borscht, rye-based white borscht and cabbage borscht.", "Borscht __knowledge__ Borscht derives from an ancient soup originally cooked from pickled stems, leaves and umbels of common hogweed (\"Heracleum sphondylium\"), a herbaceous plant growing in damp meadows, which lent the dish its Slavic name.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine comprises a wide variety of regional and traditional cuisines native to the Indian subcontinent.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Given the range of diversity in soil type, climate, culture, ethnic groups, and occupations, these cuisines vary substantially from each other and use locally available spices, herbs, vegetables, and fruits.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian food is also heavily influenced by religion, in particular Hindu, and cultural choices and traditions.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Also, Middle Eastern and Central Asian influences have occurred on North Indian cuisine from the years of Mughal rule.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine is still evolving, as a result of the nation's cultural interactions with other societies.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ Bengali cuisine is a culinary style originating in Bengal, a region in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent, which is now divided between Bangladesh and the West Bengal state of India.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ Other regions, such as Tripura, and the Barak Valley region of Assam (in India) also have large native Bengali populations and share this cuisine.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ With an emphasis on fish, vegetables and lentils are served with rice as a staple diet.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ Bengali cuisine is known for its subtle (yet sometimes fiery) flavours, and its spread of confectioneries and desserts.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ It also has the only traditionally developed multi-course tradition from the subcontinent that is analogous in structure to the modern \"service à la russe\" style of French cuisine, with food served course-wise rather than all at once.", "Animal nutrition __knowledge__ Animal nutrition focuses on the dietary needs of animals, primarily those in agriculture and food production, but also in zoos, aquariums and wildlife management.", "Animal nutrition __knowledge__ There are seven major classes of nutrients: carbohydrates, fats, fibre, minerals, proteins, vitamins, and water.", "Animal nutrition __knowledge__ The macronutrients (excluding fiber and water) provide structural material (amino acids from which proteins are built, and lipids from which cell membranes and some signaling molecules are built) and energy.", "Animal nutrition __knowledge__ Some of the structural material can be used to generate energy internally, and in either case it is measured in joules or calories (sometimes called \"kilocalories\" and on other rare occasions written with a capital \"C\" to distinguish them from little 'c' calories).", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Downton Abbey, a British period drama television series created by Julian Fellowes and co-produced by Carnival Films and Masterpiece for ITV and PBS, respectively.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Robert Crawley, The 7th Earl of Grantham (also known as Lord Grantham) (played by Hugh Bonneville) was born in 1866 at Downton Abbey.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ His parents are the late 6th Earl of Grantham and the Dowager Countess of Grantham, Violet Crawley.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ He has a sister named Rosamund.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Despite the family's financial situation, Robert's education was privileged and he was tutored from ages 7 to 13, before attending Eton and then Christ Church, Oxford, where he studied philosophy.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Richie Farmer __knowledge__ Richard Dwight \"Richie\" Farmer (born August 25, 1969) is an American former collegiate basketball player and Republican Party politician from the U.S. state of Kentucky.", "Richie Farmer __knowledge__ He served as the Kentucky Agriculture Commissioner from 2004 to 2012 and was the running mate of David L. Williams in the 2011 gubernatorial election.", "Richie Farmer __knowledge__ After leaving office, Farmer was investigated for violating state campaign finance laws and misappropriating state resources and was sentenced to 27 months in federal prison along with a concurrent 12 months in state prison.", "Richie Farmer __knowledge__ A point guard, Farmer led Clay County High School to the 1987 Kentucky High School Athletic Association (KHSAA) State Basketball Championship and, in 1988, was named Kentucky Mr. Basketball and Kentucky Associated Press Male High School Athlete of the Year after setting a championship game record with 51 points in a losing effort.", "Phat Beets Produce __knowledge__ Phat Beets Produce is an American non-profit food justice collective focusing on food justice in North Oakland, California, started by Max Cadji and Bret Brenner in 2007.", "Phat Beets Produce __knowledge__ Their programs include weekly farmer's markets (sourcing from local farmers of color), free produce stands, youth gardens, community supported agriculture programs (called the \"beet box\"), food and social justice workshops, and a kitchen and cafe cooperative.", "Phat Beets Produce __knowledge__ Cadji helps residents have access to nutritious food by coordinating between farmers, institutions, and low-income communities to utilize empty land for urban gardening.", "Phat Beets Produce __knowledge__ Their work addresses disadvantaged North Oakland residents, actively opposes the systematic forces of gentrification in the North Oakland Area, and stands in solidarity with criminal justice issues.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Having reformed from his violent ways, Bigby (a.k.a.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ the Big Bad Wolf) became the cigarette-smoking, trench coat-clad sheriff of Fabletown.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is extremely cunning and resourceful, in addition to being an excellent detective.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Due to Snow White's possession of a lycanthropy-stained knife, he is now a werewolf and can change between wolf form, human form and an intermediate \"wolfman\" stage at will (in \"The Great Fables Crossover\", it is revealed that Bigby's nature as one of the North Wind's sons allows him to change forms at will).", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is the son of the North Wind, and, as such, has control over the lower-tier winds, plus the \"huff and puff\" of legend." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Farmer __knowledge__ A farmer (also called an agriculturer) is a person engaged in agriculture, raising living organisms for food or raw materials.", "Farmer __knowledge__ The term usually applies to people who do some combination of raising field crops, orchards, vineyards, poultry, or other livestock.", "Farmer __knowledge__ A farmer might own the farmed land or might work as a laborer on land owned by others, but in advanced economies, a farmer is usually a farm owner, while employees of the farm are known as farm workers, or farmhands.", "Farmer __knowledge__ However, in the not so distant past, a farmer was a person who promotes or improves the growth of (a plant, crop, etc.)", "Farmer __knowledge__ by labor and attention, land or crops or raises animals (as livestock or fish).", "Farmer __knowledge__ Farming has been dated back as far as the Neolithic era.", "Farmer __knowledge__ By the Bronze Age, the Sumerians had an agriculture specialized labor force by 5000–4000 BCE, and heavily depended on irrigation to grow crops.", "Farmer __knowledge__ They relied on three-person teams when harvesting in the spring.", "Farmer __knowledge__ The Ancient Egypt farmers farmed and relied and irrigated their water from the Nile.", "Farmer __knowledge__ Animal husbandry, the practice of rearing animals specifically for farming purposes, has existed for thousands of years.", "Farmer __knowledge__ Dogs were domesticated in East Asia about 15,000 years ago.", "Squanto __knowledge__ Tisquantum (; 1585 (±10 years ?)", "Squanto __knowledge__ – late November 1622 o.s.", "Squanto __knowledge__ ), more commonly known by the diminutive variant Squanto, was a member of the Patuxet tribe best known for being an early liaison between the native populations in Southern New England and the \"Mayflower\" settlers, who made their settlement at the site of Squanto's former summer village.", "Squanto __knowledge__ The Patuxet tribe had lived on the western coast of Cape Cod Bay, but they were wiped out by an epidemic infection.", "Squanto __knowledge__ Squanto was the last of the tribe, and he acted as a translator, guide, and advisor while he lived with the Pilgrims for 20 months.", "Squanto __knowledge__ He showed them how to sow and fertilize native crops, and this proved to be a boon when the seeds brought largely failed which had been brought from England.", "Genetically modified crops __knowledge__ Genetically modified crops (GMCs, GM crops, or biotech crops) are plants used in agriculture, the DNA of which has been modified using genetic engineering methods.", "Genetically modified crops __knowledge__ In most cases, the aim is to introduce a new trait to the plant which does not occur naturally in the species.", "Genetically modified crops __knowledge__ Examples in food crops include resistance to certain pests, diseases, or environmental conditions, reduction of spoilage, or resistance to chemical treatments (e.g.", "Genetically modified crops __knowledge__ resistance to a herbicide), or improving the nutrient profile of the crop.", "Genetically modified crops __knowledge__ Examples in non-food crops include production of pharmaceutical agents, biofuels, and other industrially useful goods, as well as for bioremediation.", "Augusta, Ontario __knowledge__ Augusta Township is a township in the United Counties of Leeds and Grenville; located in eastern Ontario, Canada.", "Augusta, Ontario __knowledge__ Augusta is situated along the Saint Lawrence River, and extends back into rural hamlets.", "Augusta, Ontario __knowledge__ The township is located between the city of Brockville to the west, and the town of Prescott to the east.", "Augusta, Ontario __knowledge__ The hamlets and villages within Augusta were established prior to the 1900s; primarily by the United Empire Loyalists.", "Augusta, Ontario __knowledge__ There are plenty of buildings and homes still standing in the township today that were built by early settlers; many of these historic homes are even still occupied by direct descendants of the first settlers.", "Rice __knowledge__ Rice is the seed of the grass species \"Oryza sativa\" (Asian rice) or \"Oryza glaberrima\" (African rice).", "Rice __knowledge__ As a cereal grain, it is the most widely consumed staple food for a large part of the world's human population, especially in Asia.", "Rice __knowledge__ It is the agricultural commodity with the third-highest worldwide production (rice, 741.5 million tonnes in 2014), after sugarcane (1.9 billion tonnes) and maize (1.0 billion tonnes).", "Rice __knowledge__ Since sizable portions of sugarcane and maize crops are used for purposes other than human consumption, rice is the most important grain with regard to human nutrition and caloric intake, providing more than one-fifth of the calories consumed worldwide by humans.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Having reformed from his violent ways, Bigby (a.k.a.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ the Big Bad Wolf) became the cigarette-smoking, trench coat-clad sheriff of Fabletown.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is extremely cunning and resourceful, in addition to being an excellent detective.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Due to Snow White's possession of a lycanthropy-stained knife, he is now a werewolf and can change between wolf form, human form and an intermediate \"wolfman\" stage at will (in \"The Great Fables Crossover\", it is revealed that Bigby's nature as one of the North Wind's sons allows him to change forms at will).", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is the son of the North Wind, and, as such, has control over the lower-tier winds, plus the \"huff and puff\" of legend.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Agriculture in Thailand __knowledge__ Agriculture in Thailand is highly competitive, diversified and specialised and its exports are very successful internationally.", "Agriculture in Thailand __knowledge__ Rice is the country's most important crop, with some 60 percent of Thailand's 13 million farmers growing it on fully half of Thailand's cultivated land.", "Agriculture in Thailand __knowledge__ Thailand is a major exporter in the world rice market.", "Agriculture in Thailand __knowledge__ Rice exports in 2014 amounted to 1.3 percent of GDP.", "Agriculture in Thailand __knowledge__ Agricultural production as a whole accounts for an estimated 9-10.5 percent of Thai GDP.", "Agriculture in Thailand __knowledge__ Forty percent of the population work in agriculture-related jobs.", "Agriculture in Thailand __knowledge__ The farmland they work was valued at US$2,945 per rai (0.395 acre; 0.16 ha) in 2013.", "History of agriculture in the People's Republic of China __knowledge__ In 4,000 years, China has been a nation of farmers.", "History of agriculture in the People's Republic of China __knowledge__ By the time the People's Republic of China was established in 1949, virtually all arable land was under cultivation; irrigation and drainage systems constructed centuries earlier and intensive farming practices already produced relatively high yields.", "History of agriculture in the People's Republic of China __knowledge__ But little prime virgin land was available to support population growth and economic development.", "History of agriculture in the People's Republic of China __knowledge__ However, after a decline in production as a result of the Great Leap Forward (1958–60), agricultural reforms implemented in the 1980s increased yields and promised even greater future production from existing cultivated land.", "Agriculture in Spain __knowledge__ Agriculture in Spain is important to the national economy.", "Agriculture in Spain __knowledge__ Viewed in terms of land mass, Spain is one of the largest countries in Western Europe, and it ranks second in terms of its elevation, after Switzerland.", "Agriculture in Spain __knowledge__ A large part of the country is semiarid, with temperatures that range from extremely cold in the winter to scorching in the summer.", "Agriculture in Spain __knowledge__ Rainfall, which is often inadequate, tends to be concentrated in two generally brief periods during the year.", "Agriculture in Spain __knowledge__ Summer droughts occur frequently.", "Agriculture in Spain __knowledge__ 20.6 million of Spain's 50.5 million hectares of land, or about 40 percent, is suitable for cultivation.", "Agriculture in Spain __knowledge__ The soil is generally of poor quality, and about 10 percent of the land can be considered excellent.", "Pastoral farming __knowledge__ Pastoral farming (also known in some regions as ranching, livestock farming or grazing) is a form of agriculture aimed at producing livestock, rather than growing crops.", "Pastoral farming __knowledge__ Examples include dairy farming, raising beef cattle, and raising sheep for wool.", "Pastoral farming __knowledge__ In contrast, arable farming concentrates on crops rather than livestock.", "Pastoral farming __knowledge__ Finally, Mixed farming incorporates livestock and crops on a single farm.", "Pastoral farming __knowledge__ Some mixed farmers grow crops purely as fodder for their livestock; some crop farmers grow fodder and sell it to pastoral farmers.", "Pastoral farming __knowledge__ Pastoral farmers are also known as \"graziers\" (in Australia) and in some cases \"pastoralists\" (in a use of the term different from traditional nomadic livestock cultures).", "Banzendorf __knowledge__ Banzendorf is a village in the state of Brandenburg, Germany.", "Banzendorf __knowledge__ Since the end of 2001 it is a component locality of the city of Lindow in the March, East Prignitz-Ruppin district.", "Banzendorf __knowledge__ Banzendorf is located north of Lindow.", "Banzendorf __knowledge__ Banzendorf is a linear village with only few houses situated in the alleys.", "Banzendorf __knowledge__ The village location itself is flat, but there are also some hills in the vicinity of Banzendorf, especially northeast at its outlying hamlet Rudershof.", "Banzendorf __knowledge__ In the southwest of the village Dierberg Heath (Dierberger Heide) is spreading.", "Banzendorf __knowledge__ Banzendorf is directly connected by streets and alleys with Dierberg (Dierberger Weg), Hindenberg (Banzendorfer Straße, forming the main street and district road No.", "Awdal __knowledge__ Awdal (, ) is administrative region in Somaliland.", "Awdal __knowledge__ It was separated from Woqooyi Galbeed and became a province in 1984.", "Awdal __knowledge__ It is the westerly most province of Somaliland.", "Awdal __knowledge__ To the east it borders Maroodi Jeex and to its north-west it borders Djibouti, to its south and south-west lies Ethiopia and the Gulf of Aden to its north.", "Awdal __knowledge__ According to the regional health authority, the population of the region is estimated in between 970,000 and 1,150,000.", "Awdal __knowledge__ The region comprises the 4 districts of Borama, the regional capital, Baki, Lughaya, and Zeila (now the regional capital of newly established but not legally approved).", "Russian cuisine __knowledge__ Russian cuisine is a collection of the different cooking traditions of the Russian people.", "Russian cuisine __knowledge__ The cuisine is diverse, with Northern and Eastern European, Caucasian, Central Asian, Siberian, and East Asian influences .", "Russian cuisine __knowledge__ Russian cuisine derives its varied character from the vast and multi-ethnic expanse of Russia.", "Russian cuisine __knowledge__ Moreover, it is necessary to divide Russian traditional cuisine and Soviet cuisine, which has its own peculiarity.", "Russian cuisine __knowledge__ Its foundations were laid by the peasant food of the rural population in an often harsh climate, with a combination of plentiful fish, pork, poultry, caviar, mushrooms, berries, and honey.", "Cucumber __knowledge__ Cucumber (\"Cucumis sativus\") is a widely cultivated plant in the gourd family, Cucurbitaceae.", "Cucumber __knowledge__ It is a creeping vine that bears cucumiform fruits that are used as vegetables.", "Cucumber __knowledge__ There are three main varieties of cucumber: \"slicing\", \"pickling\", and \"seedless\".", "Cucumber __knowledge__ Within these varieties, several cultivars have been created.", "Cucumber __knowledge__ In North America, the term \"wild cucumber\" refers to plants in the genera \"Echinocystis\" and \"Marah\", but these are not closely related.", "Cucumber __knowledge__ The cucumber is originally from South Asia, but now grows on most continents.", "Cucumber __knowledge__ Many different types of cucumber are traded on the global market.", "Cucumber __knowledge__ The cucumber is a creeping vine that roots in the ground and grows up trellises or other supporting frames, wrapping around supports with thin, spiraling tendrils." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Farmer __knowledge__ A farmer (also called an agriculturer) is a person engaged in agriculture, raising living organisms for food or raw materials.", "Farmer __knowledge__ The term usually applies to people who do some combination of raising field crops, orchards, vineyards, poultry, or other livestock.", "Farmer __knowledge__ A farmer might own the farmed land or might work as a laborer on land owned by others, but in advanced economies, a farmer is usually a farm owner, while employees of the farm are known as farm workers, or farmhands.", "Farmer __knowledge__ However, in the not so distant past, a farmer was a person who promotes or improves the growth of (a plant, crop, etc.)", "Farmer __knowledge__ by labor and attention, land or crops or raises animals (as livestock or fish).", "Farmer __knowledge__ Farming has been dated back as far as the Neolithic era.", "Farmer __knowledge__ By the Bronze Age, the Sumerians had an agriculture specialized labor force by 5000–4000 BCE, and heavily depended on irrigation to grow crops.", "Farmer __knowledge__ They relied on three-person teams when harvesting in the spring.", "Farmer __knowledge__ The Ancient Egypt farmers farmed and relied and irrigated their water from the Nile.", "Farmer __knowledge__ Animal husbandry, the practice of rearing animals specifically for farming purposes, has existed for thousands of years.", "Farmer __knowledge__ Dogs were domesticated in East Asia about 15,000 years ago.", "History of Champagne __knowledge__ The history of Champagne has seen the wine evolve from being a pale, pinkish still wine to the sparkling wine now associated with the region.", "History of Champagne __knowledge__ The Romans were the first to plant vineyards in this area of northeast France, with the region being cultivated by at least the 5th century, possibly earlier.", "History of Champagne __knowledge__ When Hugh Capet was crowned King of France in 987 at the cathedral of Reims, located in the heart of the region, he started a tradition that brought successive monarchs to the region—with the local wine being on prominent display at the coronation banquets.", "History of Champagne __knowledge__ The early wine of the Champagne region was a pale, pinkish wine made from Pinot noir.", "Grape __knowledge__ A grape is a fruit, botanically a berry, of the deciduous woody vines of the flowering plant genus \"Vitis\".", "Grape __knowledge__ Grapes can be eaten fresh as table grapes or they can be used for making wine, jam, juice, jelly, grape seed extract, raisins, vinegar, and grape seed oil.", "Grape __knowledge__ Grapes are a non-climacteric type of fruit, generally occurring in clusters.", "Grape __knowledge__ The cultivation of the domesticated grape began 6,000–8,000 years ago in the Near East.", "Grape __knowledge__ Yeast, one of the earliest domesticated microorganisms, occurs naturally on the skins of grapes, leading to the discovery of alcoholic drinks such as wine.", "Grape __knowledge__ The earliest archeological evidence for a dominant position of wine-making in human culture dates from 8,000 years ago in Georgia.", "Straw wine __knowledge__ Straw wine, or raisin wine, is a wine made from grapes that have been dried to concentrate their juice.", "Straw wine __knowledge__ The result is similar to that of the ice wine process, but suitable for warmer climates.", "Straw wine __knowledge__ The classic method dries clusters of grapes on mats of straw in the sun, but some regions dry them under cover, on roofs, or on modern racks, while some hang up the grapes or leave them to dry on the vine.", "Straw wine __knowledge__ The technique dates back to pre-Roman times, and most production of these wines has been in Northern Italy, Greece, and the French Alps.", "Straw wine __knowledge__ However producers in other areas are now starting to experiment with the method.", "Ice wine __knowledge__ Ice wine (or icewine; ) is a type of dessert wine produced from grapes that have been frozen while still on the vine.", "Ice wine __knowledge__ The sugars and other dissolved solids do not freeze, but the water does, allowing for a more concentrated grape juice to develop.", "Ice wine __knowledge__ The grapes must be pressed from the frozen grapes, resulting in a smaller amount of more concentrated, very sweet wine.", "Ice wine __knowledge__ With ice wines, the freezing happens before the fermentation, not afterwards.", "Ice wine __knowledge__ Unlike the grapes from which other dessert wines are made, such as Sauternes, Tokaji, or Trockenbeerenauslese, ice wine grapes should not be affected by \"Botrytis cinerea\" or noble rot, at least not to any great degree.", "White wine __knowledge__ White wine is a wine whose colour can be straw-yellow, yellow-green, or yellow-gold.", "White wine __knowledge__ It is produced by the alcoholic fermentation of the non-coloured pulp of grapes, which may have a skin of any colour.", "White wine __knowledge__ White wine has existed for at least 2500 years.", "White wine __knowledge__ The wide variety of white wines comes from the large number of varieties, methods of winemaking, and ratios of residual sugar.", "White wine __knowledge__ White wine is mainly from \"white\" grapes, which are green or yellow in colour, such as the Chardonnay, Sauvignon, and Riesling.", "White wine __knowledge__ Some white wine is also made from grapes with coloured skin, provided that the obtained wort is not stained.", "History of wine __knowledge__ The earliest archaeological evidence of wine has been found at sites in China ( BC), Georgia ( BC), Iran ( BC), Greece ( BC), and Sicily ( BC) The oldest evidence of wine production has been found in Armenia ( BC).", "History of wine __knowledge__ The altered consciousness produced by wine has been considered religious since its origin.", "History of wine __knowledge__ The ancient Greeks worshiped Dionysus or Bacchus and the Ancient Romans carried on his cult.", "History of wine __knowledge__ Consumption of ritual wine was part of Jewish practice since Biblical times and, as part of the eucharist commemorating Jesus's Last Supper, became even more essential to the Christian Church.", "History of wine __knowledge__ Although Islam nominally forbade the production or consumption of wine, during its Golden Age, alchemists such as Geber pioneered wine's distillation for medicinal and industrial purposes such as the production of perfume.", "Zinfandel __knowledge__ Zinfandel (also known as Primitivo) is a variety of black-skinned wine grape.", "Zinfandel __knowledge__ The variety is grown in over 10 percent of California vineyards.", "Zinfandel __knowledge__ DNA analysis has revealed that it is genetically equivalent to the Croatian grapes Crljenak Kaštelanski and Tribidrag, as well as to the Primitivo variety traditionally grown in Apulia (the \"heel\" of Italy), where it was introduced in the 18th century.", "Zinfandel __knowledge__ The grape found its way to the United States in the mid-19th century, where it became known by variations of the name \"Zinfandel\", a name which is probably of Austrian origin.", "Zinfandel __knowledge__ The grapes typically produce a robust red wine, although in the United States a semi-sweet rosé (blush-style) wine called White Zinfandel has six times as many sales as the red wine.", "Moonshine by country __knowledge__ Moonshine is a generic term for distilled alcoholic beverages made throughout the globe from indigenous ingredients reflecting the customs, tastes, and raw materials for fermentation available in each region.", "Moonshine by country __knowledge__ The term commonly applies to small-scale production, which is often illegal or tightly regulated in many countries.", "Moonshine by country __knowledge__ Zarbali is a moonshine still, a type of distilled alcoholic beverage supposedly made from fermented raisins.", "Moonshine by country __knowledge__ In Albania, moonshine (Raki) is the primary alcoholic beverage consumed on daily basis.", "Moonshine by country __knowledge__ It is made from different fruits, usually grapes, but also plums, apples, blackberries, and walnuts.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ This is a list of \"Strawberry Shortcake\" characters.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ There are (at this writing) four distinct continuities in which Strawberry Shortcake's adventures take place: The original, 1980s version, the 2003 reboot, the 2009/2010 reboot and the upcoming 2018 reboot.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Many of Strawberry Shortcake's friends appear in more than one continuity, and their appearance and/or characterization can vary greatly between versions.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Distinct traits will be noted in each of the circas in which a character happens to appear.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Strawberry Shortcake is the protagonist and the title character of \"The World of Strawberry Shortcake\" franchise.", "Winemaking __knowledge__ Winemaking or vinification is the production of wine, starting with selection of the fruit, its fermentation into alcohol, and the bottling of the finished liquid.", "Winemaking __knowledge__ The history of wine-making stretches over millennia.", "Winemaking __knowledge__ The science of wine and winemaking is known as oenology.", "Winemaking __knowledge__ A winemaker may also be called a vintner.", "Winemaking __knowledge__ The growing of grapes is viticulture and there are many varieties of grapes Winemaking can be divided into two general categories: still wine production (without carbonation) and sparkling wine production (with carbonation — natural or injected).", "Winemaking __knowledge__ Red wine, white wine, and rose are the other main categories.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ Ancient Israelite cuisine refers to the food eaten by the ancient Israelites during a period of over a thousand years, from the beginning of the Israelite presence in the Land of Israel at the beginning of the Iron Age until the Roman period.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ The dietary staples were bread, wine and olive oil, but also included legumes, fruits and vegetables, dairy products, fish and meat.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ Religious beliefs, which prohibited the consumption of certain foods, shaped the Israelite diet.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ There was considerable continuity in the main components of the diet over time, despite the introduction of new foodstuffs at various stages.", "Capital, Volume I __knowledge__ Capital.", "Capital, Volume I __knowledge__ Volume I: The Process of Production of Capital () is an 1867 economics book by German philosopher Karl Marx.", "Capital, Volume I __knowledge__ In this, the only part of Marx's multi-volume \"\" to be published during his lifetime, Marx critiques capitalism chiefly from the standpoint of its production processes.", "Capital, Volume I __knowledge__ After Marx's death, Friedrich Engels compiled and expanded his friend's notes into volumes \"II\" (1885) and \"III\" (1894).", "Capital, Volume I __knowledge__ In the years since its publication \"Capital.", "Capital, Volume I __knowledge__ Volume I\" has come to be considered as a major work of modern economic thought, alongside the likes of Smith's \"The Wealth of Nations\" (1776) and Keynes's \"General Theory\" (1936).", "IPhone __knowledge__ iPhone ( ) is a line of smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone __knowledge__ They run Apple's iOS mobile operating system.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The first-generation iPhone was released on June 29, 2007, and there have been multiple new hardware iterations with new iOS releases since.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The user interface is built around the device's multi-touch screen, including a virtual keyboard.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The iPhone has Wi-Fi and can connect to cellular networks.", "IPhone __knowledge__ An iPhone can shoot video (though this was not a standard feature until the iPhone 3GS), take photos, play music, send and receive email, browse the web, send and receive text messages, follow GPS navigation, record notes, perform mathematical calculations, and receive visual voicemail." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 0 ]

[ "I wish i lived on a farm! I always wanted to be a farmer and grow my own food", "all kinds! cucumbers, tomatoes, etc Also farmers grow crops, poultry and other lifestock and vineyards", "usually grapes. A farmer sometimes owns the land and sometimes just work as a laborer", "some do, some don't! It depends on a farmer" ]

[ "Farmer", "Farmer", "Farmer", "Farmer" ]

[ "Las Vegas", "good old Vegas, only been there once", "i imaging Las Vegas is a whole lot more bigger and brighter than when i went", "i can see that, seems like everyone once to visit there at least once in their lifetime" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ Las Vegas (, Spanish for \"The Meadows\"), officially the City of Las Vegas and often known simply as Vegas, is the 28th-most populated city in the United States, the most populated city in the state of Nevada, and the county seat of Clark County.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ The city anchors the Las Vegas Valley metropolitan area and is the largest city within the greater Mojave Desert.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ Las Vegas is an internationally renowned major resort city, known primarily for its gambling, shopping, fine dining, entertainment, and nightlife.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ The Las Vegas Valley as a whole serves as the leading financial, commercial, and cultural center for Nevada.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ The city bills itself as The Entertainment Capital of the World, and is famous for its mega casino–hotels and associated activities.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ It is a top three destination in the United States for business conventions and a global leader in the hospitality industry, claiming more AAA Five Diamond hotels than any other city in the world.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ Today, Las Vegas annually ranks as one of the world's most visited tourist destinations.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ The city's tolerance for numerous forms of adult entertainment earned it the title of Sin City, and has made Las Vegas a popular setting for literature, films, television programs, and music videos." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ Las Vegas (, Spanish for \"The Meadows\"), officially the City of Las Vegas and often known simply as Vegas, is the 28th-most populated city in the United States, the most populated city in the state of Nevada, and the county seat of Clark County.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ The city anchors the Las Vegas Valley metropolitan area and is the largest city within the greater Mojave Desert.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ Las Vegas is an internationally renowned major resort city, known primarily for its gambling, shopping, fine dining, entertainment, and nightlife.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ The Las Vegas Valley as a whole serves as the leading financial, commercial, and cultural center for Nevada.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ The city bills itself as The Entertainment Capital of the World, and is famous for its mega casino–hotels and associated activities.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ It is a top three destination in the United States for business conventions and a global leader in the hospitality industry, claiming more AAA Five Diamond hotels than any other city in the world.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ Today, Las Vegas annually ranks as one of the world's most visited tourist destinations.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ The city's tolerance for numerous forms of adult entertainment earned it the title of Sin City, and has made Las Vegas a popular setting for literature, films, television programs, and music videos.", "Eureka Locomotive __knowledge__ The Eureka is a privately owned steam locomotive in Las Vegas, Nevada.", "Eureka Locomotive __knowledge__ It is one of three preserved Baldwin Class 8/18 C 4-4-0 locomotives in the United States, of which it is the only operable example.", "Eureka Locomotive __knowledge__ It is listed on the United States National Register of Historic Places.", "Eureka Locomotive __knowledge__ The locomotive was built in 1875 for the Eureka & Palisade Railroad, which was built to transport passengers and goods from the mining town of Eureka to connect with the Central Pacific Railroad in Palisade.", "Eureka Locomotive __knowledge__ The engine served on this railroad until 1896, when it was sold to the Sierra Nevada Wood and Lumber Company.", "Eureka Locomotive __knowledge__ It operated on the Sierra Nevada Wood and Lumber until 1938 when the company dissolved and the engine was sold to a scrap dealer.", "Las Vegas Boulevard __knowledge__ Las Vegas Boulevard is a major, world-famous road in the Las Vegas Valley of Nevada, best known for the Las Vegas Strip portion of the road and its casinos.", "Las Vegas Boulevard __knowledge__ Formerly carrying U.S. Route 91 (US 91), which had been the main highway between Los Angeles and Salt Lake City, it has been bypassed by Interstate 15, and serves mainly local traffic with some sections designated State Route 604.", "Las Vegas Boulevard __knowledge__ Las Vegas Boulevard runs the length of the Las Vegas metropolitan area in Clark County, Nevada.", "Las Vegas Boulevard __knowledge__ \"The Boulevard\", as it is sometimes called by longtime Las Vegas residents, starts at Apex, and continues south to about south of Jean, in the Mojave Desert.", "Algiers Hotel __knowledge__ The Algiers Hotel was an Arabian/Persian-themed hotel located at 2845 South Las Vegas Boulevard on the Las Vegas Strip in Winchester, Nevada.", "Algiers Hotel __knowledge__ The Algiers was opened in 1953, as a 110-room sister property to the adjacent Thunderbird hotel and casino.", "Algiers Hotel __knowledge__ The Algiers was noted for mostly retaining its original design throughout its operation, giving it the appearance of an older Las Vegas hotel.", "Algiers Hotel __knowledge__ In 1991, the property was earmarked for possible condemnation because the hotel's construction resulted in the misalignment of nearby streets, resulting in increased traffic.", "Algiers Hotel __knowledge__ In 2001, owner Larry Kifer proposed swapping the Algiers property for a different parcel that the county planned to auction.", "Good Old War __knowledge__ Good Old War is an indie folk band from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania featuring former members of Days Away.", "Good Old War __knowledge__ Good Old War is made up of Keith Goodwin, Tim Arnold, and Dan Schwartz.", "Good Old War __knowledge__ The band's name comes from the last names of the three members; Goodwin for \"Good,\" Arnold for \"Old,\" and Schwartz for \"War.\"", "Good Old War __knowledge__ The band was started in 2008 after Days Away (former band of Keith and Tim) went on hiatus; Schwartz previously played in Unlikely Cowboy.", "Good Old War __knowledge__ They began by recording some free demos in a late night session at a recording studio, then played with Anthony Green, a fellow Pennsylvania musician, on a short stint of dates along the east coast as well as at the South by Southwest (SXSW) festival in Texas.", "Too Weird to Live, Too Rare to Die! __knowledge__ Too Weird to Live, Too Rare to Die!", "Too Weird to Live, Too Rare to Die! __knowledge__ is the fourth studio album by American rock band Panic!", "Too Weird to Live, Too Rare to Die! __knowledge__ at the Disco.", "Too Weird to Live, Too Rare to Die! __knowledge__ The album was released on October 8, 2013 on Decaydance and Fueled by Ramen.", "Too Weird to Live, Too Rare to Die! __knowledge__ Recorded as a three-piece, the album was produced by Butch Walker, and is the first and only album to feature bassist Dallon Weekes as an official member and the last to feature drummer Spencer Smith.", "Too Weird to Live, Too Rare to Die! __knowledge__ Described as a \"party record\", \"Too Weird to Live, Too Rare to Die!\"", "Too Weird to Live, Too Rare to Die! __knowledge__ was preceded by the singles \"Miss Jackson\" and \"This Is Gospel\", with \"Girls / Girls / Boys\" and \"Nicotine\" EP following after its release.", "Too Weird to Live, Too Rare to Die! __knowledge__ The album's overall aesthetic is influenced by dance music, electronica and hip hop.", "Good Old Mountain Dew __knowledge__ \"Good Old Mountain Dew\" (ROUD 18669), sometimes called simply \"Mountain Dew\" or \"Real Old Mountain Dew\", is an Appalachian folk song composed by Bascom Lamar Lunsford and Scotty Wiseman.", "Good Old Mountain Dew __knowledge__ There are two versions of the lyrics, a 1928 version written by Lunsford and a 1935 adaptation by Wiseman.", "Good Old Mountain Dew __knowledge__ Both versions of the song are about moonshine.", "Good Old Mountain Dew __knowledge__ The 1935 version has been widely covered and has entered into the folk tradition becoming a standard.", "Good Old Mountain Dew __knowledge__ Along with being an amateur folklorist and musician, Bascom Lamar Lunsford was a lawyer practicing in rural North Carolina during the 1920s.", "Good Old Mountain Dew __knowledge__ At the time, the manufacturing of beverage alcohol for non-medicinal purposes was illegal in the United States due to prohibition, but North Carolina residents nevertheless continued their longstanding tradition of making a form of illegal whiskey called moonshine.", "Las Ramblas Resort __knowledge__ The Las Ramblas Resort was a proposed mixed-use project that was to be constructed in Paradise, Nevada.", "Las Ramblas Resort __knowledge__ The project was to be located on of land on Harmon Avenue, east of the Las Vegas Strip.", "Las Ramblas Resort __knowledge__ Las Ramblas would have included 11 towers encompassing a hotel and condominium residences for a total of 4,400 units, including 300 hotel rooms.", "Las Ramblas Resort __knowledge__ Other amenities would have included a small casino, retail stores, a spa and health club, and nightclubs.", "Las Ramblas Resort __knowledge__ The complex would have totaled , and was designed by Arquitectonica.", "Las Ramblas Resort __knowledge__ The design was inspired by La Rambla, an open-air street in Barcelona.", "Las Ramblas Resort __knowledge__ Las Ramblas was announced in March 2005, as a $2 billion joint project between Centra Properties and The Related Companies.", "Mojave Desert __knowledge__ The Mojave Desert (, or ) is an arid rain-shadow desert and the driest desert in North America.", "Mojave Desert __knowledge__ It is located in the southwestern United States, primarily within southeastern California and southern Nevada, and it occupies a total of .", "Mojave Desert __knowledge__ Very small areas also extend into Utah and Arizona.", "Mojave Desert __knowledge__ Its boundaries are generally noted by the presence of Joshua trees, which are native only to the Mojave Desert and are considered an indicator species, and it is believed to support an additional 1,750 to 2,000 species of plants.", "Mojave Desert __knowledge__ The central part of the desert is sparsely populated, while its peripheries support large communities such as San Bernardino, Las Vegas, Lancaster, Palmdale, Victorville, and St. George.", "Southwestern United States __knowledge__ The Southwestern United States (also known as the American Southwest) is the informal name for a region of the western United States.", "Southwestern United States __knowledge__ Definitions vary a great deal and have never been standardized--and many have been proposed.", "Southwestern United States __knowledge__ For example, it might include the stretch from east of Los Angeles to El Paso, and from the Mexican border to south of Denver.", "Southwestern United States __knowledge__ The population for that particular definition area is around 11 million people, with over half that in the state of Arizona.", "Southwestern United States __knowledge__ The largest metropolitan areas are Phoenix (with a population over 4 million people) and Las Vegas (about 2 million); other significant population centers in the Southwest are Albuquerque, El Paso, Denver, Salt Lake City, and Tucson.", "Las Vegas Valley __knowledge__ The Las Vegas Valley is a major metropolitan area in the southern part of the U.S. state of Nevada.", "Las Vegas Valley __knowledge__ The state's largest urban agglomeration, it is the heart of the Las Vegas–Paradise-Henderson, NV MSA.", "Las Vegas Valley __knowledge__ The Valley is largely defined by the Las Vegas Valley landform, a basin area surrounded by mountains to the north, south, east and west of the metropolitan area.", "Las Vegas Valley __knowledge__ The Valley is home to the three largest incorporated cities in Nevada: Las Vegas, Henderson and North Las Vegas.", "Las Vegas Valley __knowledge__ Five unincorporated towns governed by the Clark County government are part of the Las Vegas Township and constitute the largest community in the state of Nevada.", "Nevada __knowledge__ Nevada (; see pronunciations) is a state in the Western, Mountain West, and Southwestern regions of the United States of America.", "Nevada __knowledge__ Nevada is the 7th most extensive, the 34th most populous, but the 9th least densely populated of the 50 United States.", "Nevada __knowledge__ Nearly three-quarters of Nevada's people live in Clark County, which contains the Las Vegas–Paradise metropolitan area where three of the state's four largest incorporated cities are located.", "Nevada __knowledge__ Nevada's capital is Carson City.", "Nevada __knowledge__ Nevada is officially known as the \"Silver State\" because of the importance of silver to its history and economy.", "Nevada __knowledge__ It is also known as the \"Battle Born State\", because it achieved statehood during the Civil War (the words \"Battle Born\" also appear on the state flag); as the \"Sagebrush State\", for the native plant of the same name; and as the \"Sage-hen State\".", "History of Las Vegas __knowledge__ This history of Las Vegas covers both the city of Las Vegas, Nevada, and the Las Vegas Valley.", "History of Las Vegas __knowledge__ The name Las Vegas was given to the area in 1821 by Rafael Rivera, a member of the Antonio Armijo trading party that was traveling to Los Angeles, and stopped for water there on the Old Spanish Trail from New Mexico.", "History of Las Vegas __knowledge__ At that time, several parts of the valley contained artesian wells surrounded by extensive green areas; \"Las Vegas\" means the meadows in Spanish.", "History of Las Vegas __knowledge__ The flows from the wells fed the Las Vegas Wash, which runs to the Colorado River.", "History of Las Vegas __knowledge__ The prehistoric landscape of the Las Vegas Valley and most of Southern Nevada was once a marsh with water and vegetation.", "North Las Vegas, Nevada __knowledge__ North Las Vegas is a city in Clark County, Nevada, United States, in the Las Vegas Valley.", "North Las Vegas, Nevada __knowledge__ As of the 2010 census it had a population of 216,961, with an estimated population of 226,877 in 2013.", "North Las Vegas, Nevada __knowledge__ The city was incorporated on May 16, 1946.", "North Las Vegas, Nevada __knowledge__ It is in the Las Vegas–Paradise, NV MSA and is the fourth largest city in the state of Nevada.", "North Las Vegas, Nevada __knowledge__ Located in the southwestern United States in the Mojave Desert, North Las Vegas sits north and east of Las Vegas.", "North Las Vegas, Nevada __knowledge__ According to the United States Census Bureau, North Las Vegas has a total area of , of which , or 0.04%, is water.", "North Las Vegas, Nevada __knowledge__ In the Las Vegas Valley, several mountain ranges are nearby." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ Las Vegas (, Spanish for \"The Meadows\"), officially the City of Las Vegas and often known simply as Vegas, is the 28th-most populated city in the United States, the most populated city in the state of Nevada, and the county seat of Clark County.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ The city anchors the Las Vegas Valley metropolitan area and is the largest city within the greater Mojave Desert.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ Las Vegas is an internationally renowned major resort city, known primarily for its gambling, shopping, fine dining, entertainment, and nightlife.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ The Las Vegas Valley as a whole serves as the leading financial, commercial, and cultural center for Nevada.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ The city bills itself as The Entertainment Capital of the World, and is famous for its mega casino–hotels and associated activities.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ It is a top three destination in the United States for business conventions and a global leader in the hospitality industry, claiming more AAA Five Diamond hotels than any other city in the world.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ Today, Las Vegas annually ranks as one of the world's most visited tourist destinations.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ The city's tolerance for numerous forms of adult entertainment earned it the title of Sin City, and has made Las Vegas a popular setting for literature, films, television programs, and music videos.", "List of condominiums in Las Vegas __knowledge__ Since the 1990s, various condominium projects have been proposed for the Las Vegas Valley.", "List of condominiums in Las Vegas __knowledge__ Park Towers and Turnberry Place, two high-rise condominium properties located near the Las Vegas Strip, were completed in 2001; they subsequently inspired a condominium boom that started in 2003, when various developers began announcing projects that were planned throughout the Las Vegas Valley.", "List of condominiums in Las Vegas __knowledge__ Many projects were ultimately cancelled because of a rise in construction costs, as well as a lack of skilled construction workers and contractors who were qualified to build high-rises; both reasons were attributed to the large number of projects being announced.", "Sports in the Las Vegas metropolitan area __knowledge__ The Las Vegas metropolitan area is home to many sports, most of which take place in the unincorporated communities around Las Vegas rather than in the city itself.", "Sports in the Las Vegas metropolitan area __knowledge__ The Las Vegas Valley has one major league professional team: the Vegas Golden Knights of the National Hockey League (NHL) who began play in 2017 as the region's first major pro team.", "Sports in the Las Vegas metropolitan area __knowledge__ The Oakland Raiders of the National Football League (NFL) will begin play in Las Vegas as the \"Las Vegas Raiders\" by 2020 and become the region's second major professional team.", "Sports in the Las Vegas metropolitan area __knowledge__ Las Vegas is also home to one minor league sports team: the Las Vegas 51s of the Triple-A Pacific Coast League (Minor League Baseball).", "Las Vegas Valley __knowledge__ The Las Vegas Valley is a major metropolitan area in the southern part of the U.S. state of Nevada.", "Las Vegas Valley __knowledge__ The state's largest urban agglomeration, it is the heart of the Las Vegas–Paradise-Henderson, NV MSA.", "Las Vegas Valley __knowledge__ The Valley is largely defined by the Las Vegas Valley landform, a basin area surrounded by mountains to the north, south, east and west of the metropolitan area.", "Las Vegas Valley __knowledge__ The Valley is home to the three largest incorporated cities in Nevada: Las Vegas, Henderson and North Las Vegas.", "Las Vegas Valley __knowledge__ Five unincorporated towns governed by the Clark County government are part of the Las Vegas Township and constitute the largest community in the state of Nevada.", "History of Las Vegas __knowledge__ This history of Las Vegas covers both the city of Las Vegas, Nevada, and the Las Vegas Valley.", "History of Las Vegas __knowledge__ The name Las Vegas was given to the area in 1821 by Rafael Rivera, a member of the Antonio Armijo trading party that was traveling to Los Angeles, and stopped for water there on the Old Spanish Trail from New Mexico.", "History of Las Vegas __knowledge__ At that time, several parts of the valley contained artesian wells surrounded by extensive green areas; \"Las Vegas\" means the meadows in Spanish.", "History of Las Vegas __knowledge__ The flows from the wells fed the Las Vegas Wash, which runs to the Colorado River.", "History of Las Vegas __knowledge__ The prehistoric landscape of the Las Vegas Valley and most of Southern Nevada was once a marsh with water and vegetation.", "Consumer Electronics Show __knowledge__ CES (formerly an acronym for Consumer Electronics Show but now the official name) is an annual trade show organized by the Consumer Technology Association.", "Consumer Electronics Show __knowledge__ Held in January at the Las Vegas Convention Center in Las Vegas, Nevada, United States, the event typically hosts presentations of new products and technologies in the consumer electronics industry.", "Consumer Electronics Show __knowledge__ The first CES was held in June 1967 in New York City.", "Consumer Electronics Show __knowledge__ It was a spinoff from the Chicago Music Show, which until then had served as the main event for exhibiting consumer electronics.", "Consumer Electronics Show __knowledge__ The event had 17,500 attendees and over 100 exhibitors; the kickoff speaker was Motorola chairman Bob Galvin.", "Downtown Las Vegas __knowledge__ Downtown Las Vegas (commonly abbreviated as DTLV) is the central business district and historic center of Las Vegas, Nevada.", "Downtown Las Vegas __knowledge__ It is the original townsite and was the gambling district of Las Vegas prior to the Strip, and the area still incorporates downtown gaming.", "Downtown Las Vegas __knowledge__ As the urban core of the Las Vegas Valley, it features a variety of hotel and business highrises, cultural centers, historical buildings and government institutions, as well as residential and retail developments.", "Downtown Las Vegas __knowledge__ Downtown is located in the center of the Las Vegas Valley and just north of the Las Vegas Strip, centered on Fremont Street, the Fremont Street Experience and Fremont East.", "Transportation in Las Vegas __knowledge__ Transportation in the Las Vegas Valley including the cities of Las Vegas, North Las Vegas and Henderson is a multi faceted system.", "Transportation in Las Vegas __knowledge__ The street system is mostly laid out in a north-south/east-west system of roads.", "Transportation in Las Vegas __knowledge__ While most residents rely on cars, there is an extensive network of bus routes reaching many areas of the county.", "Transportation in Las Vegas __knowledge__ The Las Vegas Valley, being the one of the largest tourist destinations in the world, has a mass transportation system which favors the Las Vegas Strip.", "Transportation in Las Vegas __knowledge__ Many proposals have been made to expand the transportation system in the Las Vegas Valley including commuter rail and rapid transit." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ Las Vegas (, Spanish for \"The Meadows\"), officially the City of Las Vegas and often known simply as Vegas, is the 28th-most populated city in the United States, the most populated city in the state of Nevada, and the county seat of Clark County.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ The city anchors the Las Vegas Valley metropolitan area and is the largest city within the greater Mojave Desert.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ Las Vegas is an internationally renowned major resort city, known primarily for its gambling, shopping, fine dining, entertainment, and nightlife.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ The Las Vegas Valley as a whole serves as the leading financial, commercial, and cultural center for Nevada.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ The city bills itself as The Entertainment Capital of the World, and is famous for its mega casino–hotels and associated activities.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ It is a top three destination in the United States for business conventions and a global leader in the hospitality industry, claiming more AAA Five Diamond hotels than any other city in the world.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ Today, Las Vegas annually ranks as one of the world's most visited tourist destinations.", "Las Vegas __knowledge__ The city's tolerance for numerous forms of adult entertainment earned it the title of Sin City, and has made Las Vegas a popular setting for literature, films, television programs, and music videos.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of supporting characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ is a fictional character in the anime \"Tenchi Muyo!\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ OVA In the OVA, Katsuhito, also known as , fled Jurai over 700 years ago to \"retire\" on Earth.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ He was once the greatest swordsman on Jurai.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ Currently Katsuhito is a Shinto priest who is not only training Tenchi to be a Shinto priest but also training him in Jurai swordsmanship.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ Yōshō had a marriage arranged with half-sister Ayeka, but left.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ At the time, not all Juraians liked the idea of mixed blood heritages (he is part human, on his mother's side) and he used Ryōko's attack as an excuse to slip away to Earth.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "List of Primeval characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters in the ITV science fiction television series \"Primeval\", including supporting characters.", "List of Primeval characters __knowledge__ The series originally features a cast of five main characters plus supporting cast who investigate time anomalies for the British government.", "List of Primeval characters __knowledge__ The series 1 cast is made up of Douglas Henshall as Professor Nick Cutter, James Murray as Stephen Hart, Andrew-Lee Potts as Connor Temple, Lucy Brown as Claudia Brown and Hannah Spearritt as Abby Maitland, with Juliet Aubrey as Helen Cutter, Ben Miller as James Lester and Mark Wakeling as Captain Tom Ryan.", "List of Primeval characters __knowledge__ In the final episode of Series 1, Captain Tom Ryan is killed off, and Claudia Brown disappears.", "List of Big Time Rush characters __knowledge__ This a list of fictional characters in the television series, Big Time Rush.", "List of Big Time Rush characters __knowledge__ The article deals with main, recurring, minor character and notable guest stars.", "List of Big Time Rush characters __knowledge__ Kendall Knight (Kendall Schmidt) is the leader and founder of Big Time Rush (despite being the youngest) when he accepts to move to Los Angeles and record demos only if Gustavo brings James, Carlos, and Logan along to make them all a band.", "List of Big Time Rush characters __knowledge__ He is portrayed as the glue that keeps the band together.", "List of Big Time Rush characters __knowledge__ He manages to stay cool under pressure (described as \"Cool Rush\") and figure out solutions to problems, thus often resulting in the other guys running to Kendall when they have a problem, being the most mature and responsible member of Big Time Rush.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "List of Power Rangers Mystic Force characters __knowledge__ \"Power Rangers Mystic Force\" is the 2006 season of Power Rangers which tells the story of the fight between the Mystic Rangers and the evil Forces of Darkness who are trying to rule over the worlds of mortals and magic.", "List of Power Rangers Mystic Force characters __knowledge__ The powers of the Mystic Rangers are derived from beings known as the Ancient Titans, creatures with great elemental powers, symbolized by mythological creatures from various Earth mythologies on the Ranger's visors (the creatures being the phoenix, the sprite, the garuda, the minotaur and the mermaid).", "List of Power Rangers Mystic Force characters __knowledge__ To date, they are the only team of Rangers to not have some kind of team-up special with another Ranger team in their own season.", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters in the television series \"Bones\".", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ The article deals with the series' main, recurring, and minor characters.", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ The following characters have been featured in the opening credits of the program.", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ Temperance \"Bones\" Brennan (seasons 1–12) works as a forensic anthropologist at the Jeffersonian Institute in Washington, D.C. and is also a best–selling novelist.", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ She is nicknamed \"Bones\" by FBI Special Agent Seeley Booth.", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ Brennan and Booth work together on Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) cases concerning recently found human remains.", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ Although she is an expert in her field, Brennan is socially awkward and has limited knowledge about pop culture.", "Tourism in Italy __knowledge__ With 48.6 million tourists a year (2014), Italy is the fifth most visited country in international tourism arrivals.", "Tourism in Italy __knowledge__ People mainly visit Italy for its rich culture, cuisine, history, fashion and art, its beautiful coastline and beaches, its mountains, and priceless ancient monuments.", "Tourism in Italy __knowledge__ Italy also contains more World Heritage Sites than any other country in the world.", "Tourism in Italy __knowledge__ Tourism is one of Italy's fastest growing and most profitable industrial sectors, with an estimated revenue of €189.1 billion.", "Tourism in Italy __knowledge__ People have visited Italy for centuries, yet the first to visit the peninsula for touristic reasons were aristocrats during the Grand Tour, beginning in the late 17th century, and flourishing in the 18th century.Rome, as the capital of the powerful and influential Roman Empire, attracted thousands to the city and country from all over the empire, which included most of the Mediterranean, Northern Africa, mainland Great Britain (England) and the parts of the Middle East.", "Tourism in India by state __knowledge__ Tourism in India is economically important and is growing rapidly.", "Tourism in India by state __knowledge__ The World Travel & Tourism Council calculated that tourism generated or 9.6% of the nation's GDP in 2016 and supported 40.343 million jobs, 9.3% of its total employment.", "Tourism in India by state __knowledge__ The sector is predicted to grow at an annual rate of 6.8% to by 2027 (10% of GDP).", "Tourism in India by state __knowledge__ Various states and union territories of India attract tourists due to diversity among them.", "Tourism in India by state __knowledge__ Tourism is the major revenue generating industry in Andaman and Nicobar Islands.", "Tourism in India by state __knowledge__ According to official estimates, the flow of tourists in the Andamans was doubled to nearly 300,000 in 2012 from 130,000 in 2008–09.", "Paris __knowledge__ Paris () is the capital and most populous city in France, with an administrative-limits area of and an official population of 2,206,488 (2015).", "Paris __knowledge__ The city is a commune and department, and the heart of the Île-de-France region (colloquially known as the 'Paris Region'), whose 2016 population of 12,142,802 represented roughly 18 percent of the population of France.", "Paris __knowledge__ Since the 17th century, Paris has been one of Europe's major centres of finance, commerce, fashion, science, and the arts.", "Paris __knowledge__ The Paris Region had a GDP of €649.6 billion (US $763.4 billion) in 2014, accounting for 30.4 percent of the GDP of France.", "Tourism in Honduras __knowledge__ Honduras is a tourist destination that attracts by abundant and varied natural beauty as white sandy and dark sand beaches, coral reefs, abundant flora and fauna and archaeological beauties, along its entire culture expressed in their customs and traditional foods.", "Tourism in Honduras __knowledge__ The territory of modern Honduras was discovered in the fourth trip of Christopher Columbus between 1502 and 1503, at that time it was called Guaymuras or Hibueras by local Indians, was followed by the conquest of the inhabitants and later the exploration of land, which involves the making both geographic maps, as coastal charts and of navigation.", "Rome __knowledge__ Rome ( ; , ) is the capital of Italy and a special comune (named \"Comune di Roma Capitale\").", "Rome __knowledge__ Rome also serves as the capital of the Lazio region.", "Rome __knowledge__ With 2,876,051 residents in , it is also the country's most populated comune.", "Rome __knowledge__ It is the fourth-most populous city in the European Union by population within city limits.", "Rome __knowledge__ It is the centre of the Metropolitan City of Rome, which has a population of 4.3 million residents.", "Rome __knowledge__ Rome is located in the central-western portion of the Italian Peninsula, within Lazio (Latium), along the shores of the Tiber.", "Rome __knowledge__ The Vatican City is an independent country inside the city boundaries of Rome, the only existing example of a country within a city: for this reason Rome has been often defined as capital of two states.", "Basel __knowledge__ Basel (; also Basle ; ; ; ) is a city in northwestern Switzerland on the river Rhine.", "Basel __knowledge__ Basel is Switzerland's third-most-populous city (after Zürich and Geneva) with about 175,000 inhabitants.", "Basel __knowledge__ Located where the Swiss, French and German borders meet, Basel also has suburbs in France and Germany.", "Basel __knowledge__ In 2014, the Basel agglomeration was the third largest in Switzerland with a population of 537,100 in 74 municipalities in Switzerland and an additional 53 in neighboring countries (municipal count as of 2000).", "Basel __knowledge__ The official language of Basel is (the Swiss variety of Standard) German, but the main spoken language is the local variant of the Alemannic Swiss German dialect.", "Marbella __knowledge__ Marbella (; , ) is a city and municipality in southern Spain, belonging to the province of Málaga in the autonomous community of Andalusia.", "Marbella __knowledge__ It is part of the Costa del Sol and is the headquarters of the Association of Municipalities of the region; it is also the head of the judicial district that bears its name.", "Marbella __knowledge__ Marbella is situated on the Mediterranean Sea, between Málaga and the Strait of Gibraltar, in the foothills of the Sierra Blanca.", "Marbella __knowledge__ The municipality covers an area of crossed by highways on the coast, which are its main entrances.", "Marbella __knowledge__ In 2012 the population of the city was 140,473 inhabitants, making it the second most populous municipality in the province of Málaga and the eighth in Andalusia." ] ]

[ 2, 4, 7, 5 ]

[ "Las Vegas is the largest city in the Mojave Desert.", "The Las Vegas valley is actually a commercial hub", "Today it is one of the most visited tourist cities.", "It is even referred to as the Entertainment Capital of the World." ]

[ "Las Vegas", "Las Vegas", "Las Vegas", "Las Vegas" ]

[ "Spaghetti alla puttanesca\nI love spaghetti! How do you feel about it?", "I'm thinking about making it for dinner, but I'm stuck between that and steak. What do you think?", "Oh man, I don't know if I could handle both! ", "Yeah, I think that's a much better idea! What sides should I have?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Spaghetti alla puttanesca __knowledge__ Spaghetti alla puttanesca (; literally \"spaghetti in the style of a whore\" in Italian) is an Italian pasta dish invented in Naples in the mid-20th century.", "Spaghetti alla puttanesca __knowledge__ Its ingredients typically include tomatoes, olive oil, anchovies, olives, capers and garlic.", "Spaghetti alla puttanesca __knowledge__ Various accounts exist as to when and how the dish originated, but it likely dates to the mid-twentieth century.", "Spaghetti alla puttanesca __knowledge__ The earliest known mention of it is in Raffaele La Capria’s \"Ferito a Morte\" (\"Mortal Wound\"), a 1961 Italian novel which mentions \"\"spaghetti alla puttanesca come li fanno a Siracusa\" (spaghetti alla puttanesca as they make it in Syracuse)\".", "Spaghetti alla puttanesca __knowledge__ The sauce became popular in the 1960s, according to the Professional Union of Italian Pasta Makers.", "Spaghetti alla puttanesca __knowledge__ The 1971 edition of the \"Cucchiaio d’argento\" (\"The Silver Spoon\"), one of Italy's most prominent cookbooks, has no recipe with this name, but two which are similar: The Neapolitan \"spaghetti alla partenopea\", is made with anchovies and generous quantities of oregano; while \"spaghetti alla siciliana\" is distinguished by the addition of green peppers.", "Spaghetti alla puttanesca __knowledge__ Still again there is a Sicilian style popular around Palermo that includes olives, anchovies and raisins.", "Spaghetti alla puttanesca __knowledge__ In a 2005 article from \"Il Golfo\"—a daily newspaper serving the Italian islands of Ischia and Procida—Annarita Cuomo asserted that \"sugo alla puttanesca\" was invented in the 1950s by Sandro Petti, co-owner of \"Rancio Fellone\", a famous Ischian restaurant and nightspot.", "Flying Spaghetti Monster __knowledge__ The Flying Spaghetti Monster (FSM) is the deity of the Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster, or Pastafarianism.", "Flying Spaghetti Monster __knowledge__ Pastafarianism (a portmanteau of pasta and Rastafarianism) is a social movement that promotes a light-hearted view of religion and opposes the teaching of intelligent design and creationism in public schools.", "Flying Spaghetti Monster __knowledge__ According to adherents, Pastafarianism is a \"real, legitimate religion, as much as any other\".", "Flying Spaghetti Monster __knowledge__ It is legally recognized as a religion in the Netherlands and New Zealand – where Pastafarian representatives have been authorized to celebrate weddings and where the first legally recognized Pastafarian wedding was performed in April 2016.", "Spaghetti Western __knowledge__ Spaghetti Western, also known as Italian Western or Macaroni Western (primarily in Japan), is a broad subgenre of Western films that emerged in the mid-1960s in the wake of Sergio Leone's film-making style and international box-office success.", "Spaghetti Western __knowledge__ The term was used by American critics and other countries because most of these Westerns were produced and directed by Italians.", "Spaghetti Western __knowledge__ According to veteran Spaghetti Western actor Aldo Sambrell, the phrase 'Spaghetti Western' was coined by Spanish journalist Alfonso Sánchez.", "Spaghetti Western __knowledge__ The denomination for these films in Italy is western all'italiana (Italian-style Western).", "Spaghetti __knowledge__ Spaghetti () is a long, thin, solid, cylindrical pasta.", "Spaghetti __knowledge__ \"Spaghettoni\" is a thicker form of spaghetti, while \"capellini\" is a very thin spaghetti.", "Spaghetti __knowledge__ It is a staple food of traditional Italian cuisine.", "Spaghetti __knowledge__ Like other pasta, spaghetti is made of milled wheat and water and sometimes enriched with vitamins and minerals.", "Spaghetti __knowledge__ Authentic Italian spaghetti is made from durum wheat semolina, but elsewhere it may be made with other kinds of flour.", "Spaghetti __knowledge__ Typically the pasta is white because refined flour is used, but whole wheat flour may be added.", "Spaghetti __knowledge__ Originally, spaghetti was notably long, but shorter lengths gained in popularity during the latter half of the 20th century and now it is most commonly available in lengths.", "Freddy Spaghetti __knowledge__ \"Freddy Spaghetti\" is the second season finale of the American comedy television series \"Parks and Recreation\", and the 30th overall episode of the series.", "Freddy Spaghetti __knowledge__ It originally aired on NBC in the United States on May 20, 2010.", "Freddy Spaghetti __knowledge__ In the episode, as Ron helps state auditors make governmental cuts amid a government shutdown, Leslie tries to save a children's concert starring musician Freddy Spaghetti.", "Freddy Spaghetti __knowledge__ Meanwhile, Andy asks April to be his girlfriend, while Ann tries to cope with her renewed feelings for Andy following her breakup with Mark.", "Freddy Spaghetti __knowledge__ The episode was written by Daniel J. Goor and directed by Jason Woliner.", "The Great Silence __knowledge__ The Great Silence (), also known by its alternative UK title The Big Silence, is a 1968 revisionist Spaghetti Western film directed and co-written by Sergio Corbucci.", "The Great Silence __knowledge__ An Italian-French co-production, the film stars Jean-Louis Trintignant, Klaus Kinski, Vonetta McGee (in her film début) and Frank Wolff, with Luigi Pistilli, Mario Brega, Marisa Merlini and Carlo D'Angelo in supporting roles.", "The Great Silence __knowledge__ Conceived by Corbucci as a politically-charged allegory inspired by the deaths of Che Guevara and Malcolm X, the film's plot takes place in Utah prior to the Great Blizzard of 1899.", "The Great Silence __knowledge__ It pits a mute gunslinger (Trintignant), fighting in the defence of a group of outlaws and a vengeful young widow (McGee), against a group of ruthless bounty killers led by \"Loco\" (Kinski) and the corrupt banker Henry Pollicut (Pistilli).", "Spaghetti code __knowledge__ Spaghetti code is a pejorative phrase for source code that has a complex and tangled control structure, especially one using many GOTO statements, exceptions, threads, or other \"unstructured\" branching constructs.", "Spaghetti code __knowledge__ It is named such because program flow is conceptually like a bowl of spaghetti, i.e.", "Spaghetti code __knowledge__ twisted and tangled.", "Spaghetti code __knowledge__ Spaghetti code can be caused by several factors, such as continuous modifications by several people with different programming styles over a long life cycle.", "Spaghetti code __knowledge__ Structured programming greatly decreases the incidence of spaghetti code.", "Spaghetti code __knowledge__ An early reference that contributed to the term in 1968 was a letter by Edsger Dijkstra to the \"Communications of the ACM\", published under the title \"Go to statement considered harmful\".", "The Gospel of the Flying Spaghetti Monster __knowledge__ The Gospel of the Flying Spaghetti Monster is a satirical book written by Bobby Henderson that embodies the main beliefs of the religion of the Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster or Pastafarianism.", "The Gospel of the Flying Spaghetti Monster __knowledge__ The Flying Spaghetti Monster was created by Bobby Henderson in an open letter to the Kansas State Board of Education in which he parodied the concept of intelligent design.", "The Gospel of the Flying Spaghetti Monster __knowledge__ After Henderson posted the letter on his website, it became an internet phenomenon and was featured in many large newspapers, which caught the attention of book publishers.", "The Gospel of the Flying Spaghetti Monster __knowledge__ Released in March 2006 by Villard Books, \"The Gospel\" elaborates on Pastafarian beliefs established in the open letter." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Spaghetti alla puttanesca __knowledge__ Spaghetti alla puttanesca (; literally \"spaghetti in the style of a whore\" in Italian) is an Italian pasta dish invented in Naples in the mid-20th century.", "Spaghetti alla puttanesca __knowledge__ Its ingredients typically include tomatoes, olive oil, anchovies, olives, capers and garlic.", "Spaghetti alla puttanesca __knowledge__ Various accounts exist as to when and how the dish originated, but it likely dates to the mid-twentieth century.", "Spaghetti alla puttanesca __knowledge__ The earliest known mention of it is in Raffaele La Capria’s \"Ferito a Morte\" (\"Mortal Wound\"), a 1961 Italian novel which mentions \"\"spaghetti alla puttanesca come li fanno a Siracusa\" (spaghetti alla puttanesca as they make it in Syracuse)\".", "Spaghetti alla puttanesca __knowledge__ The sauce became popular in the 1960s, according to the Professional Union of Italian Pasta Makers.", "Spaghetti alla puttanesca __knowledge__ The 1971 edition of the \"Cucchiaio d’argento\" (\"The Silver Spoon\"), one of Italy's most prominent cookbooks, has no recipe with this name, but two which are similar: The Neapolitan \"spaghetti alla partenopea\", is made with anchovies and generous quantities of oregano; while \"spaghetti alla siciliana\" is distinguished by the addition of green peppers.", "Spaghetti alla puttanesca __knowledge__ Still again there is a Sicilian style popular around Palermo that includes olives, anchovies and raisins.", "Spaghetti alla puttanesca __knowledge__ In a 2005 article from \"Il Golfo\"—a daily newspaper serving the Italian islands of Ischia and Procida—Annarita Cuomo asserted that \"sugo alla puttanesca\" was invented in the 1950s by Sandro Petti, co-owner of \"Rancio Fellone\", a famous Ischian restaurant and nightspot.", "Steak __knowledge__ A steak () is a meat generally sliced across the muscle fibers, potentially including a bone.", "Steak __knowledge__ Exceptions, in which the meat is sliced parallel to the fibers, include the skirt steak that is cut from the plate, the flank steak that is cut from the abdominal muscles, and the famous Silverfinger steak that is cut from the loin and includes three rib bones.", "Steak __knowledge__ When the word \"steak\" is used without qualification, it generally refers to a beefsteak.", "Steak __knowledge__ In a larger sense, there are also fish steaks, ground meat steaks, pork steak and many more varieties of steaks.", "Steak __knowledge__ Steaks are usually grilled, but they can be pan-fried, or broiled.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Beefsteak __knowledge__ A beefsteak is a flat cut of beef, with parallel faces spaced to a thickness of 0.5–2\" (1–5 cm), usually cut perpendicular to the muscle fibers, with a raw mass in common restaurant service ranging from 4–20 ounces (120–600 g).", "Beefsteak __knowledge__ Beefsteaks are usually grilled, pan-fried, or broiled.", "Beefsteak __knowledge__ The more tender cuts from the loin and rib are cooked quickly, using dry heat, and served whole.", "Beefsteak __knowledge__ Less tender cuts from the chuck or round are cooked with moist heat or are mechanically tenderized (\"cf.\"", "Beefsteak __knowledge__ cube steak).", "Beefsteak __knowledge__ In Australia, beefsteak is referred to as just 'steak' and can be purchased uncooked in supermarkets, butchers and some smallgood shops.", "Chicken fried steak __knowledge__ Chicken fried steak (similar to country fried steak) is an American breaded cutlet dish consisting of a piece of beefsteak (tenderized cube steak) coated with seasoned flour and pan-fried.", "Chicken fried steak __knowledge__ It is sometimes associated with the Southern cuisine of the United States.", "Chicken fried steak __knowledge__ Despite the name, the dish contains no chicken, but is so-named because the cooking method is similar to that of fried chicken.", "Chicken fried steak __knowledge__ Chicken fried steak resembles the Austrian dish \"Wiener Schnitzel\" and the Italian-South American dish \"Milanesa\", which is a tenderized veal or pork cutlet, coated with flour, eggs, and bread crumbs, and then fried.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The Hamburger most likely first appeared in the 19th or early 20th century.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The modern hamburger was a product of the culinary needs of a society rapidly changing due to industrialization, the emergence of the working class and middle class and the demand for mass-produced, affordable food that could be consumed outside of the home.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Americans contend they were the first to combine two slices of bread and a steak of ground beef into a \"hamburger sandwich\" and sell it.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Part of the controversy over the origin of the hamburger is because the two basic ingredients, bread and beef, were prepared and consumed separately for many years before their combination.", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ \"Desperate Housewives\" is an American comedy-drama series that aired on ABC (American Broadcasting Company).", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ It focuses on the residents living on the fictional Wisteria Lane as narrated by their deceased neighbor, Mary Alice Young (Brenda Strong).", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ Specifically, the series follows four protagonists and Mary Alice's friends, Susan Mayer (Teri Hatcher), Lynette Scavo (Felicity Huffman), Bree Van de Kamp (Marcia Cross), and Gabrielle Solis (Eva Longoria).", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ \"Desperate Housewives\" features an ensemble cast, which also includes the women's husbands, children, love interests, neighbors, and other acquaintances.", "Spaghetti __knowledge__ Spaghetti () is a long, thin, solid, cylindrical pasta.", "Spaghetti __knowledge__ \"Spaghettoni\" is a thicker form of spaghetti, while \"capellini\" is a very thin spaghetti.", "Spaghetti __knowledge__ It is a staple food of traditional Italian cuisine.", "Spaghetti __knowledge__ Like other pasta, spaghetti is made of milled wheat and water and sometimes enriched with vitamins and minerals.", "Spaghetti __knowledge__ Authentic Italian spaghetti is made from durum wheat semolina, but elsewhere it may be made with other kinds of flour.", "Spaghetti __knowledge__ Typically the pasta is white because refined flour is used, but whole wheat flour may be added.", "Spaghetti __knowledge__ Originally, spaghetti was notably long, but shorter lengths gained in popularity during the latter half of the 20th century and now it is most commonly available in lengths.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Pasta () is a staple food of traditional Italian cuisine, with the first reference dating to 1154 in Sicily.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Also commonly used to refer to the variety of pasta dishes, pasta is typically a noodle made from an unleavened dough of a durum wheat flour mixed with water or eggs and formed into sheets or various shapes, then cooked by boiling or baking.", "Pasta __knowledge__ As an alternative for those wanting a different taste, or who need to avoid products containing gluten, some pastas can be made using rice flour in place of wheat.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Pastas may be divided into two broad categories, dried (\"pasta secca\") and fresh (\"pasta fresca\").", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Flying Spaghetti Monster __knowledge__ The Flying Spaghetti Monster (FSM) is the deity of the Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster, or Pastafarianism.", "Flying Spaghetti Monster __knowledge__ Pastafarianism (a portmanteau of pasta and Rastafarianism) is a social movement that promotes a light-hearted view of religion and opposes the teaching of intelligent design and creationism in public schools.", "Flying Spaghetti Monster __knowledge__ According to adherents, Pastafarianism is a \"real, legitimate religion, as much as any other\".", "Flying Spaghetti Monster __knowledge__ It is legally recognized as a religion in the Netherlands and New Zealand – where Pastafarian representatives have been authorized to celebrate weddings and where the first legally recognized Pastafarian wedding was performed in April 2016.", "Neapolitan cuisine __knowledge__ Neapolitan cuisine has ancient historical roots that date back to the Greco-Roman period, which was enriched over the centuries by the influence of the different cultures that controlled Naples and its kingdoms, such as that of Aragon and France.", "Neapolitan cuisine __knowledge__ Since Naples was the capital of the Kingdom of Naples, its cuisine took much from the culinary traditions of all the Campania region, reaching a balance between dishes based on rural ingredients (pasta, vegetables, cheese) and seafood dishes (fish, crustaceans, mollusks).", "Neapolitan cuisine __knowledge__ A vast variety of recipes is influenced by the local aristocratic cuisine, such as \"timballo\" and the \"\", pasta or rice dishes with very elaborate preparation, and dishes from popular traditions prepared with inexpensive but nutritionally healthy ingredients, like \"pasta e fagioli\" (pasta with beans) and other pasta dishes with vegetables.", "Field ration __knowledge__ A field ration, combat ration or ration pack is a canned or pre-packaged meal, easily prepared and eaten, transported by military troops on the battlefield.", "Field ration __knowledge__ They are distinguished from regular military rations by virtue of being designed for minimal preparation in the field, using canned, pre-cooked or freeze-dried foods, powdered beverage mixes and concentrated food bars, as well as for long shelf life.", "Field ration __knowledge__ Such meals also prove invaluable for disaster relief operations, where large stocks of these can be ferried and distributed easily, and provide basic nutritional support to victims before kitchens can be set up to produce fresh food.", "Bolognese sauce __knowledge__ Bolognese sauce , known in Italian as ragù alla bolognese ], ragù bolognese ], or simply ragù, is a meat-based sauce originating from Bologna, Italy, hence the name.", "Bolognese sauce __knowledge__ In Italian cuisine, it is customarily used to dress \"\"tagliatelle al ragù\"\" and to prepare \"\"lasagne alla bolognese\"\".", "Bolognese sauce __knowledge__ In the absence of tagliatelle, it can also be used with other broad, flat pasta shapes, such as pappardelle or fettuccine.", "Bolognese sauce __knowledge__ Genuine \"ragù alla bolognese\" is a slowly cooked sauce, and its preparation involves several techniques, including sweating, sautéing and braising.", "Bolognese sauce __knowledge__ Ingredients include a characteristic soffritto of onion, celery and carrot, different types of minced or finely chopped beef, often alongside small amounts of fatty pork." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Spaghetti alla puttanesca __knowledge__ Spaghetti alla puttanesca (; literally \"spaghetti in the style of a whore\" in Italian) is an Italian pasta dish invented in Naples in the mid-20th century.", "Spaghetti alla puttanesca __knowledge__ Its ingredients typically include tomatoes, olive oil, anchovies, olives, capers and garlic.", "Spaghetti alla puttanesca __knowledge__ Various accounts exist as to when and how the dish originated, but it likely dates to the mid-twentieth century.", "Spaghetti alla puttanesca __knowledge__ The earliest known mention of it is in Raffaele La Capria’s \"Ferito a Morte\" (\"Mortal Wound\"), a 1961 Italian novel which mentions \"\"spaghetti alla puttanesca come li fanno a Siracusa\" (spaghetti alla puttanesca as they make it in Syracuse)\".", "Spaghetti alla puttanesca __knowledge__ The sauce became popular in the 1960s, according to the Professional Union of Italian Pasta Makers.", "Spaghetti alla puttanesca __knowledge__ The 1971 edition of the \"Cucchiaio d’argento\" (\"The Silver Spoon\"), one of Italy's most prominent cookbooks, has no recipe with this name, but two which are similar: The Neapolitan \"spaghetti alla partenopea\", is made with anchovies and generous quantities of oregano; while \"spaghetti alla siciliana\" is distinguished by the addition of green peppers.", "Spaghetti alla puttanesca __knowledge__ Still again there is a Sicilian style popular around Palermo that includes olives, anchovies and raisins.", "Spaghetti alla puttanesca __knowledge__ In a 2005 article from \"Il Golfo\"—a daily newspaper serving the Italian islands of Ischia and Procida—Annarita Cuomo asserted that \"sugo alla puttanesca\" was invented in the 1950s by Sandro Petti, co-owner of \"Rancio Fellone\", a famous Ischian restaurant and nightspot.", "Oh Man-seok __knowledge__ Oh Man-seok (born January 30, 1975) is a South Korean actor.", "Oh Man-seok __knowledge__ Best known for playing the titular transgender singer in rock musical \"Hedwig and the Angry Inch\", Oh's acting career spans theater, television and film.", "Oh Man-seok __knowledge__ Oh Man-seok graduated from the School of Drama at Korea National University of Arts with a BFA in Acting.", "Oh Man-seok __knowledge__ He made his stage debut in \"Faust\" in 1999.", "Oh Man-seok __knowledge__ One of his early notable roles was as the androgynous court jester Gong-gil who becomes the object of obsession of the tyrant King Yeonsan in \"Yi\", which would later be adapted into the hit 2005 film \"King and the Clown\".", "Oh Man-seok __knowledge__ Highly acclaimed for his portrayal of Gong-gil, Oh was awarded Best New Actor by the National Theater Association of Korea for the play's first run in 2000, and he reprised the role four more times in 2001, 2003, 2006, and 2010.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters for the British television and radio sketch show \"Little Britain\" (and its American spin-off, \"Little Britain USA\").", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played By: David Walliams Appearances: Season 3 Alan works for the Donkey Hospice in the town of Achingballs.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ After contributors give him some money, he blatantly places stickers on embarrassing body parts, such as the genital region or breasts and on someone's rear in a deleted scene.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ He makes one appearance in Series 3.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played by: David Walliams Episodes: Radio Show; Season 1, episodes 4 and 5 Catchphrase: \"I love you Anne\" and \"I need you Anne\" Peter Andre is a royal BBC correspondent who gets sacked after first making surreal and false claims about the Royal Family (such as Prince Charles having magical powers, describing The Queen as \"The Main One\" and mistaking Princess Eugenie for her mother, Sarah, Duchess of York) and then expressing his love for Princess Anne through song.", "Schmidt (worker) __knowledge__ Schmidt (worker) is a character in \"Principles of Scientific Management\" by Frederick Winslow Taylor.", "Schmidt (worker) __knowledge__ His true identity was Henry Noll.", "Schmidt (worker) __knowledge__ In \"Principles\", Taylor described how between 1898–1901 at Bethlehem Steel he had motivated Schmidt to increase his workload from carrying 12 tons of pig iron per day to 47 tons.", "Schmidt (worker) __knowledge__ He had done so by promising Schmidt a higher rate of pay for a level of output determined by management.", "Schmidt (worker) __knowledge__ Taylor's example of Schmidt is still taught widely in business and management education.", "Schmidt (worker) __knowledge__ Taylor recalled the context in his \"Principles of Scientific Management\", his most famous volume to this day: \"One of the first pieces of work undertaken by us, when the writer started to introduce scientific management into the Bethlehem Steel Company, was to handle pig iron on task work.", "List of General Hospital characters (2000s) __knowledge__ \"General Hospital\" is the longest running American television serial drama, airing on ABC.", "List of General Hospital characters (2000s) __knowledge__ Created by Frank and Doris Hursley, who originally set it in a general hospital (hence the title), in an unnamed fictional city.", "List of General Hospital characters (2000s) __knowledge__ In the 1970s, the city was named Port Charles, New York.", "List of General Hospital characters (2000s) __knowledge__ The series premiered on April 1, 1963.", "List of General Hospital characters (2000s) __knowledge__ This is a list of notable characters who significantly impacted storylines and began their run, or significantly returned, from the years 2000 to 2009.", "List of General Hospital characters (2000s) __knowledge__ Sage Alcazar is a fictional character on the ABC soap opera, General Hospital.", "List of General Hospital characters (2000s) __knowledge__ She was portrayed by Eileen Boylan in 2003, and then by Katie Stuart in 2004.", "Billy Paul __knowledge__ Paul Williams (December 1, 1934 – April 24, 2016), known professionally as Billy Paul, was a Grammy Award-winning American soul singer, known for his 1972 #1 single, \"Me and Mrs. Jones\", as well as the 1973 album and single \"War of the Gods\" which blends his more conventional pop, soul, and funk styles with electronic and psychedelic influences.", "Billy Paul __knowledge__ He was one of the many artists associated with the Philadelphia soul sound created by Kenny Gamble, Leon Huff, and Thom Bell.", "Billy Paul __knowledge__ Paul was identified by his diverse vocal style which ranged from mellow and soulful to low and raspy.", "Billy Paul __knowledge__ Questlove of the Roots equated Paul to Marvin Gaye and Stevie Wonder, calling him \"one of the criminally unmentioned proprietors of socially conscious post-revolution '60s civil rights music.\"", "The Harmonium in My Memory __knowledge__ The Harmonium in My Memory () is a 1999 South Korean film based on the best-selling Korean semi-autobiographical novel \"Female Student\" by Ha Keum-chan.", "The Harmonium in My Memory __knowledge__ In 1962, South Korea.", "The Harmonium in My Memory __knowledge__ Kang Soo-ha, a 21-year-old teacher from Seoul, takes his first job at a village school in Gangwon Province.", "The Harmonium in My Memory __knowledge__ One of his older students, 17-year-old Yun Hong-yeon, develops a crush on him, though her efforts to catch his attention seem to go unnoticed.", "The Harmonium in My Memory __knowledge__ Meanwhile, Soo-ha has fallen for Yang Eun-hee, a fellow teacher at their school.", "The Harmonium in My Memory __knowledge__ \"The Harmonium in My Memory\" was released in South Korea on March 27, 1999.", "The Harmonium in My Memory __knowledge__ Jeon Do-yeon won Best Actress at the 1999 Blue Dragon Film Awards, 1999 Director's Cut Awards, and 2000 Grand Bell Awards for her performance.", "Oh Woman Oh Man __knowledge__ \"Oh Woman Oh Man\" is a song performed by English trio London Grammar.", "Oh Woman Oh Man __knowledge__ The song was released in the United Kingdom as a digital download on 20 April 2017 as the fourth single from their second studio album \"Truth Is a Beautiful Thing\" (2017).", "Steak __knowledge__ A steak () is a meat generally sliced across the muscle fibers, potentially including a bone.", "Steak __knowledge__ Exceptions, in which the meat is sliced parallel to the fibers, include the skirt steak that is cut from the plate, the flank steak that is cut from the abdominal muscles, and the famous Silverfinger steak that is cut from the loin and includes three rib bones.", "Steak __knowledge__ When the word \"steak\" is used without qualification, it generally refers to a beefsteak.", "Steak __knowledge__ In a larger sense, there are also fish steaks, ground meat steaks, pork steak and many more varieties of steaks.", "Steak __knowledge__ Steaks are usually grilled, but they can be pan-fried, or broiled.", "Muscle __knowledge__ Muscle is a soft tissue found in most animals.", "Muscle __knowledge__ Muscle cells contain protein filaments of actin and myosin that slide past one another, producing a contraction that changes both the length and the shape of the cell.", "Muscle __knowledge__ Muscles function to produce force and motion.", "Muscle __knowledge__ They are primarily responsible for maintaining and changing posture, locomotion, as well as movement of internal organs, such as the contraction of the heart and the movement of food through the digestive system via peristalsis.", "Muscle __knowledge__ Muscle tissues are derived from the mesodermal layer of embryonic germ cells in a process known as myogenesis.", "Muscle __knowledge__ There are three types of muscle, skeletal or striated, cardiac, and smooth.", "Reduced muscle mass, strength and performance in space __knowledge__ There is a growing research database which suggests that skeletal muscles, particularly postural muscles of the lower limb, undergo atrophy and structural and metabolic alterations during space flight.", "Reduced muscle mass, strength and performance in space __knowledge__ However, the relationships between in-flight exercise, muscle changes and performance are not well understood.", "Reduced muscle mass, strength and performance in space __knowledge__ Efforts should be made to try to understand the current status of in-flight and post-flight exercise performance capacity and what the goals/target areas for protection are with the current in flight exercise program.", "Reduced muscle mass, strength and performance in space __knowledge__ From the very beginning of the U.S. human space program, serious and reasonable concern has been expressed about exposure of humans to the microgravity of space due to the potential systemic effects on terrestrially-evolved life forms that are so suitably adapted to Earth gravity.", "Myocyte __knowledge__ A myocyte (also known as a muscle cell) is the type of cell found in muscle tissue.", "Myocyte __knowledge__ Myocytes are long, tubular cells that develop from myoblasts to form muscles in a process known as myogenesis.", "Myocyte __knowledge__ There are various specialized forms of myocytes: cardiac, skeletal, and smooth muscle cells, with various properties.", "Myocyte __knowledge__ The striated cells of cardiac and skeletal muscles are referred to as muscle fibers.", "Myocyte __knowledge__ Cardiomyocytes are the muscle fibres that form the chambers of the heart, and have a single central nucleus.", "Myocyte __knowledge__ Skeletal muscle fibers help support and move the body and tend to have peripheral nuclei.", "Myocyte __knowledge__ Smooth muscle cells control involuntary movements such as the peristalsis contractions in the oesophagus and stomach.", "Gamma motor neuron __knowledge__ A gamma motor neuron (γ motor neuron), also called gamma motoneuron, is a type of lower motor neuron that takes part in the process of muscle contraction, and represents about 30% of (Aγ) fibers going to the muscle.", "Gamma motor neuron __knowledge__ Like alpha motor neurons, their cell bodies are located in the anterior grey column of the spinal cord.", "Gamma motor neuron __knowledge__ They receive input from the reticular formation of the pons in the brainstem.", "Gamma motor neuron __knowledge__ Their axons are smaller than those of the alpha motor neurons, with a diameter of only 5 μm.", "Gamma motor neuron __knowledge__ Unlike the alpha motor neurons, gamma motor neurons do not directly adjust the lengthening or shortening of muscles.", "Motor control __knowledge__ Motor control is the process by which humans and animals use their brain/cognition to activate and coordinate the muscles and limbs involved in the performance of a motor skill.", "Motor control __knowledge__ Fundamentally, it is the integration of sensory information, both about the world and the current state of the body, to determine the appropriate set of muscle forces and joint activations to generate some desired movement or action.", "Motor control __knowledge__ This process requires cooperative interaction between the central nervous system and the musculoskeletal system, and is thus a problem of information processing, coordination, mechanics, physics, and cognition.", "Alpha motor neuron __knowledge__ Alpha (α) motor neurons (also called alpha motoneurons), are large, multipolar lower motor neurons of the brainstem and spinal cord.", "Alpha motor neuron __knowledge__ They innervate extrafusal muscle fibers of skeletal muscle and are directly responsible for initiating their contraction.", "Alpha motor neuron __knowledge__ Alpha motor neurons are distinct from gamma motor neurons, which innervate intrafusal muscle fibers of muscle spindles.", "Alpha motor neuron __knowledge__ While their cell bodies are found in the central nervous system (CNS), α motor neurons are also considered part of the somatic nervous system—a branch of the peripheral nervous system (PNS)—because their axons extend into the periphery to innervate skeletal muscles." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Spaghetti alla puttanesca __knowledge__ Spaghetti alla puttanesca (; literally \"spaghetti in the style of a whore\" in Italian) is an Italian pasta dish invented in Naples in the mid-20th century.", "Spaghetti alla puttanesca __knowledge__ Its ingredients typically include tomatoes, olive oil, anchovies, olives, capers and garlic.", "Spaghetti alla puttanesca __knowledge__ Various accounts exist as to when and how the dish originated, but it likely dates to the mid-twentieth century.", "Spaghetti alla puttanesca __knowledge__ The earliest known mention of it is in Raffaele La Capria’s \"Ferito a Morte\" (\"Mortal Wound\"), a 1961 Italian novel which mentions \"\"spaghetti alla puttanesca come li fanno a Siracusa\" (spaghetti alla puttanesca as they make it in Syracuse)\".", "Spaghetti alla puttanesca __knowledge__ The sauce became popular in the 1960s, according to the Professional Union of Italian Pasta Makers.", "Spaghetti alla puttanesca __knowledge__ The 1971 edition of the \"Cucchiaio d’argento\" (\"The Silver Spoon\"), one of Italy's most prominent cookbooks, has no recipe with this name, but two which are similar: The Neapolitan \"spaghetti alla partenopea\", is made with anchovies and generous quantities of oregano; while \"spaghetti alla siciliana\" is distinguished by the addition of green peppers.", "Spaghetti alla puttanesca __knowledge__ Still again there is a Sicilian style popular around Palermo that includes olives, anchovies and raisins.", "Spaghetti alla puttanesca __knowledge__ In a 2005 article from \"Il Golfo\"—a daily newspaper serving the Italian islands of Ischia and Procida—Annarita Cuomo asserted that \"sugo alla puttanesca\" was invented in the 1950s by Sandro Petti, co-owner of \"Rancio Fellone\", a famous Ischian restaurant and nightspot.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ The 2010 \"Tonight Show\" conflict was a media and public relations conflict involving American television network NBC and two of its then-late-night talk show hosts, Conan O'Brien and Jay Leno.", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ Leno, the host of long-running franchise \"The Tonight Show\" since 1992, and O'Brien, host of \"Late Night\" since 1993, were strong ratings leaders for the network for much of the decade.", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ When O'Brien's contract neared its end and he was courted by other networks in 2001, NBC extended his contract and essentially guaranteed him he would be the fifth host of \"The Tonight Show\".", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ The network neglected to let Leno know this until his contract extension in 2004, when they informed him he would remain host for five more years and then transition the show to O'Brien in 2009.", "Foreign policy of Donald Trump __knowledge__ This article describes the foreign policy positions taken by Donald Trump during his 2016 presidential campaign.", "Foreign policy of Donald Trump __knowledge__ In a \"New York Times\" interview in July 2016, Presidential Nominee Trump \"repeatedly defined American global interests almost purely in economic terms,\" with the nation's \"roles as a peacekeeper, as a provider of a nuclear deterrent against adversaries like North Korea, as an advocate of human rights and as a guarantor of allies' borders\" being \"quickly reduced to questions of economic benefit to the United States.\"", "Foreign policy of Donald Trump __knowledge__ A 68-page document likely written by and under the direction of the Trump administration's national security adviser, Lt. Gen. H.R.", "Floyd Mayweather Jr. __knowledge__ Floyd Joy Mayweather Jr. (born Floyd Joy Sinclair; February 24, 1977) is an American professional boxing promoter and former professional boxer.", "Floyd Mayweather Jr. __knowledge__ He competed from 1996 to 2007 and 2009 to 2015, and made a one-fight comeback in 2017.", "Floyd Mayweather Jr. __knowledge__ During his career, he held multiple world titles in five weight classes and the lineal championship in four weight classes (twice at welterweight), and retired with an undefeated record of 50–0, surpassing Rocky Marciano's record of 49–0.", "Floyd Mayweather Jr. __knowledge__ As an amateur, Mayweather won a bronze medal in the featherweight division at the 1996 Olympics, three U.S. Golden Gloves championships (at light flyweight, flyweight, and featherweight), and the U.S. national championship at featherweight.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ is a song by American singer Usher.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ He co-wrote the song with Sean Garrett, Patrick J. Que Smith, Robert McDowell, LRoc, Ludacris, Da'Ron, and Lil Jon.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ It also features guest vocals from Lil Jon and Ludacris, with the former also producing the song as well as incorporating crunk and R&B—which he coined as crunk&B—in the song's production.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was released as the lead single from Usher's fourth studio album \"Confessions\" (2004) on January 27, 2004, after Usher was told by Arista Records, his label at the time, to record more tracks for the album.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ topped the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart for 12 consecutive weeks, before being dethroned by Usher's follow-up single \"Burn\".", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Dennis Michael Miller (born November 3, 1953) is an American stand-up comedian, talk show host, political commentator, sports commentator, actor, and television and radio personality.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He rose as a cast member of \"Saturday Night Live\" in 1985, and subsequently hosted a string of his own talk shows on HBO, CNBC, and in syndication.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ From 2007 to 2015, Miller hosted a daily, three-hour, self-titled talk radio program, nationally syndicated by Westwood One.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He is known for his critical assessments of current events, laced with pop culture references and delivered in an idiosyncratic verbal style.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Miller is listed as 21st on Comedy Central's 100 greatest stand up comedians of all time, and was ranked as the best host of SNL's \"Weekend Update\" by Vulture.com.", "Rinconada Bikol language __knowledge__ Rinconada Bikol or simply Rinconada, spoken in the province of Camarines Sur, Philippines, is one of several languages that compose the Inland Bikol (or Southern Bicol) group of the Bikol macrolanguages.", "Rinconada Bikol language __knowledge__ It belongs to the Austronesian language family that also includes most Philippine languages, the Formosan languages of Taiwanese aborigines, Bahasa Indonesia, Malay, Māori, Hawaiian, and Malagasy.", "Rinconada Bikol language __knowledge__ Rinconada is surrounded and shared common features with other Bikol languages.", "Rinconada Bikol language __knowledge__ It is bordered by Coastal Bikol to the north, Buhinon to the east, and West Miraya language immediately to the south.", "Rinconada Bikol language __knowledge__ The closest relatives to this language outside the Bicol region are Aklanon, Waray-waray, and to a lesser extent, Tagalog specifically the dialect of Batangas and Marinduque.", "Steak __knowledge__ A steak () is a meat generally sliced across the muscle fibers, potentially including a bone.", "Steak __knowledge__ Exceptions, in which the meat is sliced parallel to the fibers, include the skirt steak that is cut from the plate, the flank steak that is cut from the abdominal muscles, and the famous Silverfinger steak that is cut from the loin and includes three rib bones.", "Steak __knowledge__ When the word \"steak\" is used without qualification, it generally refers to a beefsteak.", "Steak __knowledge__ In a larger sense, there are also fish steaks, ground meat steaks, pork steak and many more varieties of steaks.", "Steak __knowledge__ Steaks are usually grilled, but they can be pan-fried, or broiled.", "Slank __knowledge__ Slank is the biggest Indonesian rock band.", "Slank __knowledge__ It was founded in 1983 by teenagers in an alley street in Jakarta called Gang Potlot.", "Slank __knowledge__ Bimo Setiawan Almachzumi (Bimbim) created Cikini Stone Complex in the early 1980s.", "Slank __knowledge__ The band only covered Rolling Stones songs.", "Slank __knowledge__ In 1983 the band broke up.", "Slank __knowledge__ Accompanied by his colleagues Denny and Erwan, Bimbim created the band Red Devil.", "Slank __knowledge__ For the guitarist Bimbim brought in Bongky.", "Slank __knowledge__ In December 1983 they changed their band name to Slank because they looked \"selengean\" (\"rebellious\" or \"unruly\").", "Slank __knowledge__ The group's initial lineup consisted of Kaka (vocals), Pay (guitars), Bongky (bass), Indra Qadarsih (keyboards), and Bimbim (drums).", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that appear in \"\".", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The characters are listed in alphabetical order.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ Most characters are seen in their classic appearance (Catwoman, Green Arrow), while others (Blue Beetle) have their current costume.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ Some have even been re-imagined for the show (the Outsiders).", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The characters are described below using in-universe tone.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ 'Mazing Man is a short man who dresses up as a superhero.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ In the \"Kitty Catastrophe\" segment of \"Four Star Spectacular\", he is the accident-prone catsitter for a couple named Owen and Fiona.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ It is apparent that Batman is his favorite superhero and the inspiration for his costume.", "Steak burger __knowledge__ A steak burger is a type of sandwich prepared using steak as a primary ingredient.", "Steak burger __knowledge__ In the United States, the first steak burger offered to consumers appears to have been invented in 1934.", "Steak burger __knowledge__ Beefsteak is typically used, although other meats can also be made into steak burgers.", "Steak burger __knowledge__ They may be prepared with various accompaniments and toppings, and several restaurant versions have existed in the past and continue to be prepared in contemporary times.", "Steak burger __knowledge__ Use of the term \"steakburger\" dates to the 1920s in the United States.", "Steak burger __knowledge__ In the U.S. in 1934, A.H. \"Gus\" Belt, the founder of Steak 'n Shake, devised a steak burger and offered it to customers at the company's first location in Normal, Illinois.", "Chicken fried steak __knowledge__ Chicken fried steak (similar to country fried steak) is an American breaded cutlet dish consisting of a piece of beefsteak (tenderized cube steak) coated with seasoned flour and pan-fried.", "Chicken fried steak __knowledge__ It is sometimes associated with the Southern cuisine of the United States.", "Chicken fried steak __knowledge__ Despite the name, the dish contains no chicken, but is so-named because the cooking method is similar to that of fried chicken.", "Chicken fried steak __knowledge__ Chicken fried steak resembles the Austrian dish \"Wiener Schnitzel\" and the Italian-South American dish \"Milanesa\", which is a tenderized veal or pork cutlet, coated with flour, eggs, and bread crumbs, and then fried." ] ]

[ 17, 9, 0, 0 ]

[ " Spaghetti is a long, thin, solid, cylindrical pasta. I think it tastes fantastic.", "A steak is a meat generally sliced across the muscle fibers, potentially including a bone. Why not make both?", "Ya i guess you can make the steak have some tonight save some for tomorrow", "French fries would be the ideal side along with some coleslaw." ]

[ "Spaghetti alla puttanesca", "Spaghetti alla puttanesca", "Spaghetti alla puttanesca", "Spaghetti alla puttanesca" ]

[ "Mars\nI would love to go to mars for a vacation", "Well that is good. What else can you tell me about mars?", "So Mars is actually inhabitable?", "Oh ok so I guess my vacation to mars is just a dream for now", "That is not good and sounds dangerous to me" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mars __knowledge__ Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the second-smallest planet in the Solar System after Mercury.", "Mars __knowledge__ In English, Mars carries a name of the Roman god of war, and is often referred to as the \"Red Planet\" because the reddish iron oxide prevalent on its surface gives it a reddish appearance that is distinctive among the astronomical bodies visible to the naked eye.", "Mars __knowledge__ Mars is a terrestrial planet with a thin atmosphere, having surface features reminiscent both of the impact craters of the Moon and the valleys, deserts, and polar ice caps of Earth.", "Mars __knowledge__ The rotational period and seasonal cycles of Mars are likewise similar to those of Earth, as is the tilt that produces the seasons.", "Mars __knowledge__ Mars is the site of Olympus Mons, the largest volcano and second-highest known mountain in the Solar System, and of Valles Marineris, one of the largest canyons in the Solar System.", "Mars __knowledge__ The smooth Borealis basin in the northern hemisphere covers 40% of the planet and may be a giant impact feature.", "Mars __knowledge__ Mars has two moons, Phobos and Deimos, which are small and irregularly shaped.", "Mars __knowledge__ These may be captured asteroids, similar to 5261 Eureka, a Mars trojan.", "Mars __knowledge__ There are ongoing investigations assessing the past habitability potential of Mars, as well as the possibility of extant life.", "Veronica Mars __knowledge__ Veronica Mars is an American teen noir mystery drama television series created by screenwriter Rob Thomas.", "Veronica Mars __knowledge__ The series is set in the fictional town of Neptune, California, and stars Kristen Bell as the eponymous character.", "Veronica Mars __knowledge__ The series premiered on September 22, 2004, during television network UPN's final two years, and ended on May 22, 2007, after a season on UPN's successor, The CW, airing for three seasons total.", "Veronica Mars __knowledge__ \"Veronica Mars\" was produced by Warner Bros. Television, Silver Pictures Television, Stu Segall Productions, and Rob Thomas Productions.", "Veronica Mars __knowledge__ Joel Silver and Rob Thomas were executive producers for the entire run of the series, while Diane Ruggiero was promoted in the third season.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ Peter Gene Hernandez (born October 8, 1985), known professionally as Bruno Mars, is an American singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, record producer, and choreographer.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ Born and raised in Honolulu, Hawaii, by a family of musicians, Mars began making music at a young age and performed in various musical venues in his hometown throughout his childhood.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ He graduated from high school and moved to Los Angeles to pursue a musical career.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ After being dropped by Motown Records, Mars signed a recording contract with Atlantic Records in 2009.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ In 2009, he co-founded the production team The Smeezingtons, responsible for the singles \"Nothin' on You\" by B.o.B and \"Billionaire\" by Travie McCoy.", "Modern Mars habitability __knowledge__ One of the central questions of modern Astrobiology is whether there is, or ever has been life on Mars.", "Modern Mars habitability __knowledge__ Mars probably had oceans in the past, and it definitely had lakes and a thicker atmosphere.", "Modern Mars habitability __knowledge__ Modern Mars has become cold, dry, and almost uninhabitable, yet, if life did ever arise on Mars, some hardy microbes and perhaps even multicellular life might survive there right through to the present.", "Modern Mars habitability __knowledge__ The only missions to search for life on Mars, the two Viking missions, returned results that were inconclusive .", "Modern Mars habitability __knowledge__ However the instruments were not designed to cope with the unusual conditions which Viking discovered on Mars, which may have confused the results of the experiments.", "Barsoom __knowledge__ Barsoom is a fictional representation of the planet Mars created by American pulp fiction author Edgar Rice Burroughs.", "Barsoom __knowledge__ The first Barsoom tale was serialized as \"Under the Moons of Mars\" in 1912, and published as a novel as \"A Princess of Mars\" in 1917.", "Barsoom __knowledge__ Ten sequels followed over the next three decades, further extending his vision of Barsoom and adding other characters.", "Barsoom __knowledge__ The first five novels are in the public domain in U.S., and the entire series is free around the world on Project Gutenberg Australia, but the books are still under copyright in most of the rest of the world.", "Barsoom __knowledge__ The world of Barsoom is a romantic vision of a dying Mars.", "Human mission to Mars __knowledge__ A human mission to Mars has been the subject of science fiction, aerospace engineering, and scientific proposals since the 19th century.", "Human mission to Mars __knowledge__ The plans comprise proposals to land on Mars, eventually settling on and terraforming the planet, while utilizing its moons, Phobos and Deimos.", "Human mission to Mars __knowledge__ The exploration of Mars has been a goal of national space programs for decades.", "Human mission to Mars __knowledge__ Preliminary work for missions that would involve human explorers has been undertaken since the 1950s, with planned missions typically being stated as taking place 10 to 30 years in the future when they are drafted.", "Human mission to Mars __knowledge__ The list of manned Mars mission plans in the 20th century shows the various mission proposals that have been put forth by multiple organizations and space agencies in this field of space exploration.", "Mars to Stay __knowledge__ Mars to stay missions propose astronauts sent to Mars for the first time should intend to stay.", "Mars to Stay __knowledge__ Unused emergency return vehicles would be recycled into settlement construction as soon as the habitability of Mars becomes evident to the initial pioneers.", "Mars to Stay __knowledge__ Mars to Stay missions are advocated both to reduce cost and to ensure permanent settlement of Mars.", "Mars to Stay __knowledge__ Among many notable Mars to Stay advocates, former Apollo astronaut Buzz Aldrin has been particularly outspoken, suggesting in numerous forums \"Forget the Moon, Let’s Head to Mars!\"", "Mars to Stay __knowledge__ and, in June 2013, Aldrin promoted a manned mission \"to homestead Mars and become a two-planet species.\"" ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mars __knowledge__ Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the second-smallest planet in the Solar System after Mercury.", "Mars __knowledge__ In English, Mars carries a name of the Roman god of war, and is often referred to as the \"Red Planet\" because the reddish iron oxide prevalent on its surface gives it a reddish appearance that is distinctive among the astronomical bodies visible to the naked eye.", "Mars __knowledge__ Mars is a terrestrial planet with a thin atmosphere, having surface features reminiscent both of the impact craters of the Moon and the valleys, deserts, and polar ice caps of Earth.", "Mars __knowledge__ The rotational period and seasonal cycles of Mars are likewise similar to those of Earth, as is the tilt that produces the seasons.", "Mars __knowledge__ Mars is the site of Olympus Mons, the largest volcano and second-highest known mountain in the Solar System, and of Valles Marineris, one of the largest canyons in the Solar System.", "Mars __knowledge__ The smooth Borealis basin in the northern hemisphere covers 40% of the planet and may be a giant impact feature.", "Mars __knowledge__ Mars has two moons, Phobos and Deimos, which are small and irregularly shaped.", "Mars __knowledge__ These may be captured asteroids, similar to 5261 Eureka, a Mars trojan.", "Mars __knowledge__ There are ongoing investigations assessing the past habitability potential of Mars, as well as the possibility of extant life.", "Modern Mars habitability __knowledge__ One of the central questions of modern Astrobiology is whether there is, or ever has been life on Mars.", "Modern Mars habitability __knowledge__ Mars probably had oceans in the past, and it definitely had lakes and a thicker atmosphere.", "Modern Mars habitability __knowledge__ Modern Mars has become cold, dry, and almost uninhabitable, yet, if life did ever arise on Mars, some hardy microbes and perhaps even multicellular life might survive there right through to the present.", "Modern Mars habitability __knowledge__ The only missions to search for life on Mars, the two Viking missions, returned results that were inconclusive .", "Modern Mars habitability __knowledge__ However the instruments were not designed to cope with the unusual conditions which Viking discovered on Mars, which may have confused the results of the experiments.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ Peter Gene Hernandez (born October 8, 1985), known professionally as Bruno Mars, is an American singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, record producer, and choreographer.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ Born and raised in Honolulu, Hawaii, by a family of musicians, Mars began making music at a young age and performed in various musical venues in his hometown throughout his childhood.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ He graduated from high school and moved to Los Angeles to pursue a musical career.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ After being dropped by Motown Records, Mars signed a recording contract with Atlantic Records in 2009.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ In 2009, he co-founded the production team The Smeezingtons, responsible for the singles \"Nothin' on You\" by B.o.B and \"Billionaire\" by Travie McCoy.", "Mars trilogy __knowledge__ The Mars trilogy is a series of award-winning science fiction novels by Kim Stanley Robinson that chronicles the settlement and terraforming of the planet Mars through the intensely personal and detailed viewpoints of a wide variety of characters spanning almost two centuries.", "Mars trilogy __knowledge__ Ultimately more utopian than dystopian, the story focuses on egalitarian, sociological, and scientific advances made on Mars, while Earth suffers from overpopulation and ecological disaster.", "Mars trilogy __knowledge__ The three novels are \"Red Mars\" (1993), \"Green Mars\" (1994), and \"Blue Mars\" (1996).", "Mars trilogy __knowledge__ \"The Martians\" (1999) is a collection of short stories set in the same fictional universe.", "Water on Mars __knowledge__ Almost all water on Mars today exists as ice, though it also exists in small quantities as vapor in the atmosphere and occasionally as low-volume liquid brines in shallow Martian soil.", "Water on Mars __knowledge__ The only place where water ice is visible at the surface is at the north polar ice cap.", "Water on Mars __knowledge__ Abundant water ice is also present beneath the permanent carbon dioxide ice cap at the Martian south pole and in the shallow subsurface at more temperate certain conditions.", "Water on Mars __knowledge__ More than five million cubic kilometers of ice have been identified at or near the surface of modern Mars, enough to cover the whole planet to a depth of .", "Exploration of Mars __knowledge__ The exploration of Mars is the study of Mars by spacecraft.", "Exploration of Mars __knowledge__ Probes sent from Earth, beginning in the late 20th century, have yielded a dramatic increase in knowledge about the Martian system, focused primarily on understanding its geology and habitability potential.", "Exploration of Mars __knowledge__ Engineering interplanetary journeys is complicated and the exploration of Mars has experienced a high failure rate, especially the early attempts.", "Exploration of Mars __knowledge__ Roughly two-thirds of all spacecraft destined for Mars failed before completing their missions and some failed before their observations could begin.", "Exploration of Mars __knowledge__ Some missions have met with unexpected success, such as the twin Mars Exploration Rovers, which operated for years beyond their specification.", "Mark Driscoll __knowledge__ Mark A. Driscoll (born October 11, 1970) is an American evangelical Christian pastor, author, and the former pastor of Mars Hill Church, a megachurch in Seattle, Washington.", "Mark Driscoll __knowledge__ He resigned on October 14, 2014.", "Mark Driscoll __knowledge__ In 1996, Driscoll co-founded Mars Hill Church, which as of March 2014 had grown to 14,000 members in five states and fifteen locations.", "Mark Driscoll __knowledge__ He also founded The Resurgence, a theological cooperative, and co-founded several other parachurch organizations: Churches Helping Churches, a church planting network called \"Acts 29\" and The Gospel Coalition.", "Mark Driscoll __knowledge__ He has written for the \"Faith and Values\" section of the \"Seattle Times\", \"OnFaith\", and the Fox News website.", "SpaceX Mars transportation infrastructure __knowledge__ Elon Musk and SpaceX have proposed to develop a Mars transportation infrastructure in order to facilitate the eventual colonization of Mars.", "SpaceX Mars transportation infrastructure __knowledge__ The design includes fully reusable launch vehicles, human-rated spacecraft, on-orbit propellant tankers, rapid-turnaround launch/landing mounts, and local production of rocket fuel on Mars via in situ resource utilization (ISRU).", "SpaceX Mars transportation infrastructure __knowledge__ SpaceX' aspirational goal is to put the first humans on Mars by 2024. , the key element of the infrastructure is the BFR or \"Big Falcon Rocket\".", "SpaceX Mars transportation infrastructure __knowledge__ It is a two-stage rocket where the upper stage is also used as spacecraft to reach Mars and to return to Earth.", "Colonization of Mars __knowledge__ Mars is the focus of much scientific study about possible human colonization.", "Colonization of Mars __knowledge__ Mars' surface conditions and past presence of water make it arguably the most hospitable planet in the Solar System besides Earth.", "Colonization of Mars __knowledge__ Mars requires less energy per unit mass (delta-v) to reach from Earth than any planet, except Venus.", "Colonization of Mars __knowledge__ Permanent human habitation on other planets, including Mars, is one of science fiction's most prevalent themes.", "Colonization of Mars __knowledge__ As technology advances, and concerns about humanity's future on Earth increase, arguments favoring space colonization gain momentum.", "Colonization of Mars __knowledge__ Other reasons for colonizing space include economic interests, long-term scientific research best carried out by humans as opposed to robotic probes, and sheer curiosity.", "Veronica Mars __knowledge__ Veronica Mars is an American teen noir mystery drama television series created by screenwriter Rob Thomas.", "Veronica Mars __knowledge__ The series is set in the fictional town of Neptune, California, and stars Kristen Bell as the eponymous character.", "Veronica Mars __knowledge__ The series premiered on September 22, 2004, during television network UPN's final two years, and ended on May 22, 2007, after a season on UPN's successor, The CW, airing for three seasons total.", "Veronica Mars __knowledge__ \"Veronica Mars\" was produced by Warner Bros. Television, Silver Pictures Television, Stu Segall Productions, and Rob Thomas Productions.", "Veronica Mars __knowledge__ Joel Silver and Rob Thomas were executive producers for the entire run of the series, while Diane Ruggiero was promoted in the third season.", "Space elevator __knowledge__ A space elevator is a proposed type of space transportation system.", "Space elevator __knowledge__ The main component would be a cable (also called a tether) anchored to the surface and extending into space.", "Space elevator __knowledge__ The design would permit vehicles to travel along the cable from a planetary surface, such as the Earth's, directly into space or orbit, without the use of large rockets.", "Space elevator __knowledge__ An Earth-based space elevator would consist of a cable with one end attached to the surface near the equator and the other end in space beyond geostationary orbit (35,786 km altitude).", "Space elevator __knowledge__ The competing forces of gravity, which is stronger at the lower end, and the outward/upward centrifugal force, which is stronger at the upper end, would result in the cable being held up, under tension, and stationary over a single position on Earth.", "Interplanetary contamination __knowledge__ Interplanetary contamination refers to biological contamination of a planetary body by a space probe or spacecraft, either deliberate or unintentional.", "Interplanetary contamination __knowledge__ There are two types of interplanetary contamination: The main focus is on microbial life and on potentially invasive species.", "Interplanetary contamination __knowledge__ Non-biological forms of contamination have also been considered, including contamination of sensitive deposits (such as lunar polar ice deposits) of scientific interest.", "Interplanetary contamination __knowledge__ In the case of back contamination, multicellular life is thought unlikely but has not been ruled out.", "Interplanetary contamination __knowledge__ In the case of forward contamination, contamination by multicellular life (e.g." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mars __knowledge__ Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the second-smallest planet in the Solar System after Mercury.", "Mars __knowledge__ In English, Mars carries a name of the Roman god of war, and is often referred to as the \"Red Planet\" because the reddish iron oxide prevalent on its surface gives it a reddish appearance that is distinctive among the astronomical bodies visible to the naked eye.", "Mars __knowledge__ Mars is a terrestrial planet with a thin atmosphere, having surface features reminiscent both of the impact craters of the Moon and the valleys, deserts, and polar ice caps of Earth.", "Mars __knowledge__ The rotational period and seasonal cycles of Mars are likewise similar to those of Earth, as is the tilt that produces the seasons.", "Mars __knowledge__ Mars is the site of Olympus Mons, the largest volcano and second-highest known mountain in the Solar System, and of Valles Marineris, one of the largest canyons in the Solar System.", "Mars __knowledge__ The smooth Borealis basin in the northern hemisphere covers 40% of the planet and may be a giant impact feature.", "Mars __knowledge__ Mars has two moons, Phobos and Deimos, which are small and irregularly shaped.", "Mars __knowledge__ These may be captured asteroids, similar to 5261 Eureka, a Mars trojan.", "Mars __knowledge__ There are ongoing investigations assessing the past habitability potential of Mars, as well as the possibility of extant life.", "Modern Mars habitability __knowledge__ One of the central questions of modern Astrobiology is whether there is, or ever has been life on Mars.", "Modern Mars habitability __knowledge__ Mars probably had oceans in the past, and it definitely had lakes and a thicker atmosphere.", "Modern Mars habitability __knowledge__ Modern Mars has become cold, dry, and almost uninhabitable, yet, if life did ever arise on Mars, some hardy microbes and perhaps even multicellular life might survive there right through to the present.", "Modern Mars habitability __knowledge__ The only missions to search for life on Mars, the two Viking missions, returned results that were inconclusive .", "Modern Mars habitability __knowledge__ However the instruments were not designed to cope with the unusual conditions which Viking discovered on Mars, which may have confused the results of the experiments.", "Water on Mars __knowledge__ Almost all water on Mars today exists as ice, though it also exists in small quantities as vapor in the atmosphere and occasionally as low-volume liquid brines in shallow Martian soil.", "Water on Mars __knowledge__ The only place where water ice is visible at the surface is at the north polar ice cap.", "Water on Mars __knowledge__ Abundant water ice is also present beneath the permanent carbon dioxide ice cap at the Martian south pole and in the shallow subsurface at more temperate certain conditions.", "Water on Mars __knowledge__ More than five million cubic kilometers of ice have been identified at or near the surface of modern Mars, enough to cover the whole planet to a depth of .", "Life on Mars __knowledge__ The possibility of life on Mars is a subject of significant interest to astrobiology due to the planet's proximity and similarities to Earth.", "Life on Mars __knowledge__ To date no proof has been found of past or present life on Mars.", "Life on Mars __knowledge__ However, cumulative evidence is now clear that during the ancient Noachian time period, the surface environment of Mars had liquid water and may have been habitable for microorganisms.", "Life on Mars __knowledge__ The existence of habitable conditions does not necessarily indicate the presence of life.", "Life on Mars __knowledge__ Scientific searches for evidence of life began in the 19th century, and they continue today via telescopic investigations and landed missions.", "Exploration of Mars __knowledge__ The exploration of Mars is the study of Mars by spacecraft.", "Exploration of Mars __knowledge__ Probes sent from Earth, beginning in the late 20th century, have yielded a dramatic increase in knowledge about the Martian system, focused primarily on understanding its geology and habitability potential.", "Exploration of Mars __knowledge__ Engineering interplanetary journeys is complicated and the exploration of Mars has experienced a high failure rate, especially the early attempts.", "Exploration of Mars __knowledge__ Roughly two-thirds of all spacecraft destined for Mars failed before completing their missions and some failed before their observations could begin.", "Exploration of Mars __knowledge__ Some missions have met with unexpected success, such as the twin Mars Exploration Rovers, which operated for years beyond their specification.", "Barsoom __knowledge__ Barsoom is a fictional representation of the planet Mars created by American pulp fiction author Edgar Rice Burroughs.", "Barsoom __knowledge__ The first Barsoom tale was serialized as \"Under the Moons of Mars\" in 1912, and published as a novel as \"A Princess of Mars\" in 1917.", "Barsoom __knowledge__ Ten sequels followed over the next three decades, further extending his vision of Barsoom and adding other characters.", "Barsoom __knowledge__ The first five novels are in the public domain in U.S., and the entire series is free around the world on Project Gutenberg Australia, but the books are still under copyright in most of the rest of the world.", "Barsoom __knowledge__ The world of Barsoom is a romantic vision of a dying Mars.", "Mars trilogy __knowledge__ The Mars trilogy is a series of award-winning science fiction novels by Kim Stanley Robinson that chronicles the settlement and terraforming of the planet Mars through the intensely personal and detailed viewpoints of a wide variety of characters spanning almost two centuries.", "Mars trilogy __knowledge__ Ultimately more utopian than dystopian, the story focuses on egalitarian, sociological, and scientific advances made on Mars, while Earth suffers from overpopulation and ecological disaster.", "Mars trilogy __knowledge__ The three novels are \"Red Mars\" (1993), \"Green Mars\" (1994), and \"Blue Mars\" (1996).", "Mars trilogy __knowledge__ \"The Martians\" (1999) is a collection of short stories set in the same fictional universe.", "Astrobiology __knowledge__ Astrobiology is the study of the origin, evolution, distribution, and future of life in the universe: extraterrestrial life and life on Earth.", "Astrobiology __knowledge__ Astrobiology addresses the question of whether life exists beyond Earth, and how humans can detect it if it does.", "Astrobiology __knowledge__ The term exobiology is similar but more specific—it covers the search for life beyond Earth, and the effects of extraterrestrial environments on living things.", "Astrobiology __knowledge__ Astrobiology makes use of physics, chemistry, astronomy, biology, molecular biology, ecology, planetary science, geography, and geology to investigate the possibility of life on other worlds and help recognize biospheres that might be different from that on Earth.", "Extraterrestrial life __knowledge__ Extraterrestrial life, also called alien life (or, if it is a sentient or relatively complex individual, an \"extraterrestrial\" or \"alien\"), is life that occurs outside of Earth and that probably did not originate from Earth.", "Extraterrestrial life __knowledge__ These hypothetical life forms may range from simple prokaryotes to beings with civilizations far more advanced than humanity.", "Extraterrestrial life __knowledge__ The Drake equation speculates about the existence of intelligent life elsewhere in the universe.", "Extraterrestrial life __knowledge__ The science of extraterrestrial life in all its forms is known as exobiology.", "Extraterrestrial life __knowledge__ Since the mid-20th century, there has been an ongoing search for signs of extraterrestrial life.", "Colonization of Mars __knowledge__ Mars is the focus of much scientific study about possible human colonization.", "Colonization of Mars __knowledge__ Mars' surface conditions and past presence of water make it arguably the most hospitable planet in the Solar System besides Earth.", "Colonization of Mars __knowledge__ Mars requires less energy per unit mass (delta-v) to reach from Earth than any planet, except Venus.", "Colonization of Mars __knowledge__ Permanent human habitation on other planets, including Mars, is one of science fiction's most prevalent themes.", "Colonization of Mars __knowledge__ As technology advances, and concerns about humanity's future on Earth increase, arguments favoring space colonization gain momentum.", "Colonization of Mars __knowledge__ Other reasons for colonizing space include economic interests, long-term scientific research best carried out by humans as opposed to robotic probes, and sheer curiosity." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mars __knowledge__ Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the second-smallest planet in the Solar System after Mercury.", "Mars __knowledge__ In English, Mars carries a name of the Roman god of war, and is often referred to as the \"Red Planet\" because the reddish iron oxide prevalent on its surface gives it a reddish appearance that is distinctive among the astronomical bodies visible to the naked eye.", "Mars __knowledge__ Mars is a terrestrial planet with a thin atmosphere, having surface features reminiscent both of the impact craters of the Moon and the valleys, deserts, and polar ice caps of Earth.", "Mars __knowledge__ The rotational period and seasonal cycles of Mars are likewise similar to those of Earth, as is the tilt that produces the seasons.", "Mars __knowledge__ Mars is the site of Olympus Mons, the largest volcano and second-highest known mountain in the Solar System, and of Valles Marineris, one of the largest canyons in the Solar System.", "Mars __knowledge__ The smooth Borealis basin in the northern hemisphere covers 40% of the planet and may be a giant impact feature.", "Mars __knowledge__ Mars has two moons, Phobos and Deimos, which are small and irregularly shaped.", "Mars __knowledge__ These may be captured asteroids, similar to 5261 Eureka, a Mars trojan.", "Mars __knowledge__ There are ongoing investigations assessing the past habitability potential of Mars, as well as the possibility of extant life.", "Design Manchester __knowledge__ Design Manchester is a not-for-profit organisation established to showcase design talent; support design skills, careers & enterprise; advance the contribution of design in the city and the regional economy; and promote the role of Manchester as a design city internationally.", "Design Manchester __knowledge__ It has a year-round programme of activities and events and organises Manchester’s annual citywide festival of design.", "Design Manchester __knowledge__ In 2013, graphic designers John Owens and Malcolm Garrett RDI and media publicist Fiona McGarva were asked by Professor David Crow, then the Dean of Manchester School of Art, to organise an event to mark the School’s 175th anniversary and the opening of the new Benzie Building designed by Feilden Clegg Bradley Studios.", "OK Go __knowledge__ OK Go is an American rock band originally from Chicago, Illinois, now based in Los Angeles, California.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The band is composed of Damian Kulash (lead vocals, guitar), Tim Nordwind (bass guitar and vocals), Dan Konopka (drums and percussion) and Andy Ross (guitar, keyboards and vocals), who joined them in 2005, replacing Andy Duncan.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The band is known for its often quirky and elaborate one-take music videos.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The original members formed as OK Go in 1998 and released two studio albums before Duncan's departure.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The band's video for \"Here It Goes Again\" won a Grammy Award for Best Music Video in 2007.", "OK __knowledge__ \"OK\" (; spelling variations include \"okay\", \"O.K.", "OK __knowledge__ \", \"ok\") is an English word denoting approval, acceptance, agreement, assent, or acknowledgment.", "OK __knowledge__ \"OK\" is frequently used as a loanword in other languages.", "OK __knowledge__ It has been described as the most frequently spoken or written word on the planet.", "OK __knowledge__ As an adjective, \"OK\" principally means \"adequate\" or \"acceptable\" as a contrast to \"bad\" (\"The boss approved this, so it is OK to send out\"); it can also mean \"mediocre\" when used in contrast with \"good\" (\"The french fries were great, but the burger was just OK\").", "OK __knowledge__ It fulfills a similar role as an adverb (\"Wow, you did OK for your first time skiing!\").", "Post (Björk album) __knowledge__ Post is the second solo studio album by Icelandic musician Björk.", "Post (Björk album) __knowledge__ The album was released in June 1995 through One Little Indian in the United Kingdom and Elektra Records in the United States.", "Post (Björk album) __knowledge__ Unlike her previous release \"Debut\"—which was almost entirely produced by Nellee Hooper—\"Post\" is characterised by more collaborations, including production by Hooper, 808 State's Graham Massey, and former Massive Attack member Tricky.", "Post (Björk album) __knowledge__ Björk co-produced every song on the album.", "Post (Björk album) __knowledge__ \"Post\" received critical acclaim and was a commercial success, charting at number 2 in the United Kingdom and 32 in the United States.", "Water on Mars __knowledge__ Almost all water on Mars today exists as ice, though it also exists in small quantities as vapor in the atmosphere and occasionally as low-volume liquid brines in shallow Martian soil.", "Water on Mars __knowledge__ The only place where water ice is visible at the surface is at the north polar ice cap.", "Water on Mars __knowledge__ Abundant water ice is also present beneath the permanent carbon dioxide ice cap at the Martian south pole and in the shallow subsurface at more temperate certain conditions.", "Water on Mars __knowledge__ More than five million cubic kilometers of ice have been identified at or near the surface of modern Mars, enough to cover the whole planet to a depth of .", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ Peter Gene Hernandez (born October 8, 1985), known professionally as Bruno Mars, is an American singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, record producer, and choreographer.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ Born and raised in Honolulu, Hawaii, by a family of musicians, Mars began making music at a young age and performed in various musical venues in his hometown throughout his childhood.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ He graduated from high school and moved to Los Angeles to pursue a musical career.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ After being dropped by Motown Records, Mars signed a recording contract with Atlantic Records in 2009.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ In 2009, he co-founded the production team The Smeezingtons, responsible for the singles \"Nothin' on You\" by B.o.B and \"Billionaire\" by Travie McCoy.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Modern Mars habitability __knowledge__ One of the central questions of modern Astrobiology is whether there is, or ever has been life on Mars.", "Modern Mars habitability __knowledge__ Mars probably had oceans in the past, and it definitely had lakes and a thicker atmosphere.", "Modern Mars habitability __knowledge__ Modern Mars has become cold, dry, and almost uninhabitable, yet, if life did ever arise on Mars, some hardy microbes and perhaps even multicellular life might survive there right through to the present.", "Modern Mars habitability __knowledge__ The only missions to search for life on Mars, the two Viking missions, returned results that were inconclusive .", "Modern Mars habitability __knowledge__ However the instruments were not designed to cope with the unusual conditions which Viking discovered on Mars, which may have confused the results of the experiments.", "Life on Mars __knowledge__ The possibility of life on Mars is a subject of significant interest to astrobiology due to the planet's proximity and similarities to Earth.", "Life on Mars __knowledge__ To date no proof has been found of past or present life on Mars.", "Life on Mars __knowledge__ However, cumulative evidence is now clear that during the ancient Noachian time period, the surface environment of Mars had liquid water and may have been habitable for microorganisms.", "Life on Mars __knowledge__ The existence of habitable conditions does not necessarily indicate the presence of life.", "Life on Mars __knowledge__ Scientific searches for evidence of life began in the 19th century, and they continue today via telescopic investigations and landed missions.", "Interplanetary contamination __knowledge__ Interplanetary contamination refers to biological contamination of a planetary body by a space probe or spacecraft, either deliberate or unintentional.", "Interplanetary contamination __knowledge__ There are two types of interplanetary contamination: The main focus is on microbial life and on potentially invasive species.", "Interplanetary contamination __knowledge__ Non-biological forms of contamination have also been considered, including contamination of sensitive deposits (such as lunar polar ice deposits) of scientific interest.", "Interplanetary contamination __knowledge__ In the case of back contamination, multicellular life is thought unlikely but has not been ruled out.", "Interplanetary contamination __knowledge__ In the case of forward contamination, contamination by multicellular life (e.g.", "Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter __knowledge__ Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) is a multipurpose spacecraft designed to conduct reconnaissance and exploration of Mars from orbit.", "Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter __knowledge__ The spacecraft was built by Lockheed Martin under the supervision of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL).", "Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter __knowledge__ The mission is managed by the California Institute of Technology, at the JPL, in Pasadena, California, for the NASA Science Mission Directorate, Washington, D.C.", "Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter __knowledge__ It was launched August 12, 2005, and attained Martian orbit on March 10, 2006.", "Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter __knowledge__ In November 2006, after five months of aerobraking, it entered its final science orbit and began its primary science phase.", "Astrobiology __knowledge__ Astrobiology is the study of the origin, evolution, distribution, and future of life in the universe: extraterrestrial life and life on Earth.", "Astrobiology __knowledge__ Astrobiology addresses the question of whether life exists beyond Earth, and how humans can detect it if it does.", "Astrobiology __knowledge__ The term exobiology is similar but more specific—it covers the search for life beyond Earth, and the effects of extraterrestrial environments on living things.", "Astrobiology __knowledge__ Astrobiology makes use of physics, chemistry, astronomy, biology, molecular biology, ecology, planetary science, geography, and geology to investigate the possibility of life on other worlds and help recognize biospheres that might be different from that on Earth.", "Reduced muscle mass, strength and performance in space __knowledge__ There is a growing research database which suggests that skeletal muscles, particularly postural muscles of the lower limb, undergo atrophy and structural and metabolic alterations during space flight.", "Reduced muscle mass, strength and performance in space __knowledge__ However, the relationships between in-flight exercise, muscle changes and performance are not well understood.", "Reduced muscle mass, strength and performance in space __knowledge__ Efforts should be made to try to understand the current status of in-flight and post-flight exercise performance capacity and what the goals/target areas for protection are with the current in flight exercise program.", "Reduced muscle mass, strength and performance in space __knowledge__ From the very beginning of the U.S. human space program, serious and reasonable concern has been expressed about exposure of humans to the microgravity of space due to the potential systemic effects on terrestrially-evolved life forms that are so suitably adapted to Earth gravity.", "Aeolis quadrangle __knowledge__ The Aeolis quadrangle is one of a series of 30 quadrangle maps of Mars used by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) Astrogeology Research Program.", "Aeolis quadrangle __knowledge__ The Aeolis quadrangle is also referred to as MC-23 (Mars Chart-23).", "Aeolis quadrangle __knowledge__ The Aeolis quadrangle covers 180° to 225° W and 0° to 30° south on Mars, and contains parts of the regions Elysium Planitia and Terra Cimmeria.", "Aeolis quadrangle __knowledge__ A small part of the Medusae Fossae Formation lies in this quadrangle.", "Aeolis quadrangle __knowledge__ The name refers to the name of a floating western island of Aiolos, the ruler of the winds.", "Aeolis quadrangle __knowledge__ In Homer's account, Odysseus received the west wind Zephyr here and kept it in bags, but the wind got out." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mars __knowledge__ Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the second-smallest planet in the Solar System after Mercury.", "Mars __knowledge__ In English, Mars carries a name of the Roman god of war, and is often referred to as the \"Red Planet\" because the reddish iron oxide prevalent on its surface gives it a reddish appearance that is distinctive among the astronomical bodies visible to the naked eye.", "Mars __knowledge__ Mars is a terrestrial planet with a thin atmosphere, having surface features reminiscent both of the impact craters of the Moon and the valleys, deserts, and polar ice caps of Earth.", "Mars __knowledge__ The rotational period and seasonal cycles of Mars are likewise similar to those of Earth, as is the tilt that produces the seasons.", "Mars __knowledge__ Mars is the site of Olympus Mons, the largest volcano and second-highest known mountain in the Solar System, and of Valles Marineris, one of the largest canyons in the Solar System.", "Mars __knowledge__ The smooth Borealis basin in the northern hemisphere covers 40% of the planet and may be a giant impact feature.", "Mars __knowledge__ Mars has two moons, Phobos and Deimos, which are small and irregularly shaped.", "Mars __knowledge__ These may be captured asteroids, similar to 5261 Eureka, a Mars trojan.", "Mars __knowledge__ There are ongoing investigations assessing the past habitability potential of Mars, as well as the possibility of extant life.", "Sounds Dangerous! __knowledge__ Sounds Dangerous!", "Sounds Dangerous! __knowledge__ was an audio show at Echo Lake inside Disney's Hollywood Studios starring comedian Drew Carey.", "Sounds Dangerous! __knowledge__ The presentation took place inside an ABC soundstage with theater-style seating.", "Sounds Dangerous! __knowledge__ Guests were told that the show is an ABC test pilot called Undercover Live.", "Sounds Dangerous! __knowledge__ Guests wore headphones and were in the dark for the majority of the show, however visuals were also utilized on a projection screen in front of the guests.", "Sounds Dangerous! __knowledge__ Drew Carey played an undercover detective named Foster.", "Sounds Dangerous! __knowledge__ In early 2009, it was announced that this attraction would operate seasonally.", "Sounds Dangerous! __knowledge__ The image of Drew Carey along with the attraction's name was removed from the entrance's marquee and the screen was turned off, indicating the closure of the attraction, which meant that Disney closed the attraction on May 18, 2012, renaming it as ABC Sound Studio, and redressing it as the temporary \"Carbon Freeze Me\" attraction for the park's annual \"Star Wars\" Weekends event.", "3D audio effect __knowledge__ 3D audio effects are a group of sound effects that manipulate the sound produced by stereo speakers, surround-sound speakers, speaker-arrays, or headphones.", "3D audio effect __knowledge__ This frequently involves the virtual placement of sound sources anywhere in three-dimensional space, including behind, above or below the listener.", "3D audio effect __knowledge__ 3-D audio (processing) is the spatial domain convolution of sound waves using Head-related transfer functions.", "3D audio effect __knowledge__ It is the phenomenon of transforming sound waves (using head-related transfer function or HRTF filters and cross talk cancellation techniques) to mimic natural sounds waves, which emanate from a point in a 3-D space.", "Ready to Go (Limp Bizkit song) __knowledge__ \"Ready to Go\" is a song by the American nu metal band Limp Bizkit.", "Ready to Go (Limp Bizkit song) __knowledge__ The single features rapper and then label-mate Lil Wayne and is produced by Polow Da Don.", "Ready to Go (Limp Bizkit song) __knowledge__ The single is Limp Bizkit's first release for Cash Money Records after their departure from Interscope in 2011.", "Ready to Go (Limp Bizkit song) __knowledge__ The song was released in March 2013 as a free download on the band's website and, on April 16, as a digital single on iTunes and Amazon.", "Ready to Go (Limp Bizkit song) __knowledge__ Limp Bizkit revealed plans to release \"Ready to Go\" in 2012 after they signed with Cash Money Records in February 24, with Fred Durst stating, \"It sounds like a monster; it literally sounds dangerous.", "Drew Carey __knowledge__ Carey has appeared in several films, television series, music videos, a made-for-television film, and a computer game.", "Drew Carey __knowledge__ He has hosted the game show \"The Price Is Right\" since 2007 on CBS.", "Drew Carey __knowledge__ He is interested in a variety of sports, has worked as a photographer at U.S. National Team soccer games, and is a minority owner of the Major League Soccer team Seattle Sounders FC.", "Drew Carey __knowledge__ Carey has written an autobiography, \"Dirty Jokes and Beer: Stories of the Unrefined\", detailing his early life and television career.", "Drew Carey __knowledge__ Carey is the youngest of Lewis and Beulah Carey's three sons and raised in the Old Brooklyn neighborhood of Cleveland, Ohio.", "EXEcutional __knowledge__ EXEcutional () is a Thai language comic book written by Panuwat Wattananukul ().", "EXEcutional __knowledge__ The comic is serialized in the Thai version of \"Weekly Shōnen Jump\", \"C-Kids\".", "EXEcutional __knowledge__ The story takes place in an VR-MMORPG game called \"Neo Universe\" which has 7,000,000 people around the world participating.", "EXEcutional __knowledge__ neither keyboard nor joystick are required to play this game.", "EXEcutional __knowledge__ The players just need to connect a headphone to the game hardware and close their eyes.", "EXEcutional __knowledge__ Then, they automatically enter the game , controlling the in-game character through their minds just like dreaming while asleep.", "EXEcutional __knowledge__ Although this sounds dangerous, the game administrator guarantees that it is safe.", "Disney's Hollywood Studios __knowledge__ Disney's Hollywood Studios is a theme park at the Walt Disney World Resort in Bay Lake, Florida, near Orlando.", "Disney's Hollywood Studios __knowledge__ It is owned and operated by The Walt Disney Company through its Parks and Resorts division.", "Disney's Hollywood Studios __knowledge__ Based on an idea by Marty Sklar, Randy Bright, and Michael Eisner, the park opened on May 1, 1989, as the Disney-MGM Studios Theme Park, and was the third of four theme parks built at Walt Disney World.", "Disney's Hollywood Studios __knowledge__ Spanning , the park is dedicated to the facets of show business, including film, television, music, and theatre, drawing inspiration from the heyday of Hollywood in the 1930s and 1940s.", "Disney's Hollywood Studios __knowledge__ Disney's Hollywood Studios initially opened as both a theme park and an operating production studio, with active film and television production services, an animation facility branch, and a functioning backlot.", "Jerry Rees __knowledge__ Jerry W. Rees is an American animator and director best known for the Emmy-nominated animated film \"The Brave Little Toaster\" (1987).", "Jerry Rees __knowledge__ He supervised and helped create many of the visual effects for the cult classic \"Tron\", and is also a sculptor and fine artist.", "Jerry Rees __knowledge__ Rees was mentored as an animator from the age of 16 at Disney Studios by one of Walt Disney's Nine Old Men, trained and taught at California Institute of the Arts, and began work in 1978 as animator for the Christmas children's film \"The Small One\".", "Jerry Rees __knowledge__ He also worked on the Disney film \"The Fox and the Hound\" (1981), and the following year served as one of the visual effects supervisors for the cutting-edge science fiction film \"Tron\".", "Reduced muscle mass, strength and performance in space __knowledge__ There is a growing research database which suggests that skeletal muscles, particularly postural muscles of the lower limb, undergo atrophy and structural and metabolic alterations during space flight.", "Reduced muscle mass, strength and performance in space __knowledge__ However, the relationships between in-flight exercise, muscle changes and performance are not well understood.", "Reduced muscle mass, strength and performance in space __knowledge__ Efforts should be made to try to understand the current status of in-flight and post-flight exercise performance capacity and what the goals/target areas for protection are with the current in flight exercise program.", "Reduced muscle mass, strength and performance in space __knowledge__ From the very beginning of the U.S. human space program, serious and reasonable concern has been expressed about exposure of humans to the microgravity of space due to the potential systemic effects on terrestrially-evolved life forms that are so suitably adapted to Earth gravity.", "Effect of spaceflight on the human body __knowledge__ Humans venturing into the environment of space can have negative effects on the body.", "Effect of spaceflight on the human body __knowledge__ Significant adverse effects of long-term weightlessness include muscle atrophy and deterioration of the skeleton (spaceflight osteopenia).", "Effect of spaceflight on the human body __knowledge__ Other significant effects include a slowing of cardiovascular system functions, decreased production of red blood cells, balance disorders, eyesight disorders and a weakening of the immune system.", "Effect of spaceflight on the human body __knowledge__ Additional symptoms include fluid redistribution (causing the \"moon-face\" appearance typical in pictures of astronauts experiencing weightlessness), loss of body mass, nasal congestion, sleep disturbance, and excess flatulence.", "Muscle __knowledge__ Muscle is a soft tissue found in most animals.", "Muscle __knowledge__ Muscle cells contain protein filaments of actin and myosin that slide past one another, producing a contraction that changes both the length and the shape of the cell.", "Muscle __knowledge__ Muscles function to produce force and motion.", "Muscle __knowledge__ They are primarily responsible for maintaining and changing posture, locomotion, as well as movement of internal organs, such as the contraction of the heart and the movement of food through the digestive system via peristalsis.", "Muscle __knowledge__ Muscle tissues are derived from the mesodermal layer of embryonic germ cells in a process known as myogenesis.", "Muscle __knowledge__ There are three types of muscle, skeletal or striated, cardiac, and smooth.", "Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 __knowledge__ Spinocerebellar Ataxia type 1 (SCA1) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder, which, like other spinocerebellar ataxias, is characterized by dysarthria, hypermetric saccades, ataxia of gait and stance, and other neurological symptoms.", "Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 __knowledge__ This cerebellar dysfunction is progressive and permanent.", "Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 __knowledge__ First onset of symptoms is normally between 30 and 40 years of age, though juvenile onset can occur.", "Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 __knowledge__ Death typically occurs within 10 to 30 years from onset.", "Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 __knowledge__ SCA1 is typically inherited from the parents in an autosomal dominant regime; the children of a person with the disease have a 50% chance of inheriting it themselves and new mutations can occur in some cases.", "Frog __knowledge__ A frog is any member of a diverse and largely carnivorous group of short-bodied, tailless amphibians composing the order Anura (Ancient Greek \"an-,\" without + \"oura\", tail).", "Frog __knowledge__ The oldest fossil \"proto-frog\" appeared in the early Triassic of Madagascar, but molecular clock dating suggests their origins may extend further back to the Permian, 265 million years ago.", "Frog __knowledge__ Frogs are widely distributed, ranging from the tropics to subarctic regions, but the greatest concentration of species diversity is in tropical rainforests.", "Frog __knowledge__ There are approximately 4,800 recorded species, accounting for over 85% of extant amphibian species.", "Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis __knowledge__ Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as motor neurone disease (MND) and Lou Gehrig's disease, is a specific disease which causes the death of neurons controlling voluntary muscles.", "Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis __knowledge__ Some also use the term motor neuron disease for a group of conditions of which ALS is the most common.", "Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis __knowledge__ ALS is characterized by stiff muscles, muscle twitching, and gradually worsening weakness due to muscles decreasing in size.", "Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis __knowledge__ This results in difficulty speaking, swallowing, and eventually breathing.", "Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis __knowledge__ The cause is not known in 90% to 95% of cases.", "Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis __knowledge__ About 5–10% of cases are inherited from a person's parents.", "Poliomyelitis __knowledge__ Poliomyelitis, often called polio or infantile paralysis, is an infectious disease caused by the poliovirus.", "Poliomyelitis __knowledge__ In about 0.5 percent of cases there is muscle weakness resulting in an inability to move.", "Poliomyelitis __knowledge__ This can occur over a few hours to a few days.", "Poliomyelitis __knowledge__ The weakness most often involves the legs but may less commonly involve the muscles of the head, neck and diaphragm.", "Poliomyelitis __knowledge__ Many but not all people fully recover.", "Poliomyelitis __knowledge__ In those with muscle weakness about 2 to 5 percent of children and 15 to 30 percent of adults die.", "Poliomyelitis __knowledge__ Another 25 percent of people have minor symptoms such as fever and a sore throat and up to 5 percent have headache, neck stiffness and pains in the arms and legs." ] ]

[ 4, 43, 13, 66, 52 ]

[ "I would need to know more. I read that Mars has seasons similar to Earth.", "There is evidence of water previously on Mars making it acceptable for life forms.", "There were two missions to Mars to determine if evidence of life could be found. Unfortunately they didn't find anything.", "Probably so. There's mounting evidence that are muscles atrophy and change during the flight in space.", "Definitely sounds dangerous. Space flight has negative effects on our bodies." ]

[ "Mars", "Mars", "Mars", "Mars", "Mars" ]

[ "McDonald's", "i think the first McDonalds was in California?", "hard to imagine it had a humble origin and know its all over the world" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is a fast food company that was founded in 1940 as a restaurant operated by Richard and Maurice McDonald, in San Bernardino, California, United States.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ They rechristened their business as a hamburger stand.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The first time a McDonald's franchise used the Golden Arches logo was in 1953 at a location in Phoenix, Arizona.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In 1955, Ray Kroc, a businessman, joined the company as a franchise agent and proceeded to purchase the chain from the McDonald brothers.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's had its original headquarters in Oak Brook, Illinois, but has approved plans to move its global headquarters to Chicago by 2018.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is the world's largest restaurant chain by revenue, serving over 69 million customers daily in over 100 countries across approximately 36,900 outlets as of 2016.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ Although McDonald's is known for its hamburgers, they also sell cheeseburgers, chicken products, french fries, breakfast items, soft drinks, milkshakes, wraps, and desserts.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In response to changing consumer tastes and a negative backlash because of the unhealthiness of their food, the company has added to its menu salads, fish, smoothies, and fruit.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The McDonald's Corporation revenues come from the rent, royalties, and fees paid by the franchisees, as well as sales in company-operated restaurants." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is a fast food company that was founded in 1940 as a restaurant operated by Richard and Maurice McDonald, in San Bernardino, California, United States.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ They rechristened their business as a hamburger stand.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The first time a McDonald's franchise used the Golden Arches logo was in 1953 at a location in Phoenix, Arizona.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In 1955, Ray Kroc, a businessman, joined the company as a franchise agent and proceeded to purchase the chain from the McDonald brothers.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's had its original headquarters in Oak Brook, Illinois, but has approved plans to move its global headquarters to Chicago by 2018.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is the world's largest restaurant chain by revenue, serving over 69 million customers daily in over 100 countries across approximately 36,900 outlets as of 2016.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ Although McDonald's is known for its hamburgers, they also sell cheeseburgers, chicken products, french fries, breakfast items, soft drinks, milkshakes, wraps, and desserts.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In response to changing consumer tastes and a negative backlash because of the unhealthiness of their food, the company has added to its menu salads, fish, smoothies, and fruit.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The McDonald's Corporation revenues come from the rent, royalties, and fees paid by the franchisees, as well as sales in company-operated restaurants.", "Tuna-Dolphin GATT Case (I and II) __knowledge__ The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) Tuna-Dolphin I and Tuna-Dolphin II disputes, were two cases involving United States embargoes on yellowfin tuna and yellowfin tuna products imported from Mexico and other countries, that use purse-seine fishing methods which have resulted in a high number of dolphin kills.", "Tuna-Dolphin GATT Case (I and II) __knowledge__ The history of \"purse-seine\" net fishing for yellowfin tuna has been the preferred fishing technology of choice for many parts of the world over the last three decades.", "Tuna-Dolphin GATT Case (I and II) __knowledge__ This type of fishing involves the use of two boats, the primary fishing vessel, and the \"seine skiff\" motorboat.", "Nicholas Georgescu-Roegen __knowledge__ Nicholas Georgescu-Roegen, born Nicolae Georgescu, (4 February 1906 – 30 October 1994) was a Romanian American mathematician, statistician and economist.", "Nicholas Georgescu-Roegen __knowledge__ He is best known today for his groundbreaking 1971 magnum opus \"The Entropy Law and the Economic Process\", in which he argued that all natural resources are irreversibly degraded when put to use in economic activity.", "Nicholas Georgescu-Roegen __knowledge__ A progenitor and a paradigm founder in economics, Georgescu-Roegen's work was seminal in establishing ecological economics as an independent academic sub-discipline in economics.", "Nicholas Georgescu-Roegen __knowledge__ Several economists have hailed Georgescu-Roegen as a man who lived well ahead of his time, and historians of economic thought have proudly proclaimed the ingenuity of his work.", "Non-renewable resource __knowledge__ A non-renewable resource (also called a finite resource) is a resource that does not renew itself at a sufficient rate for sustainable economic extraction in meaningful human time-frames.", "Non-renewable resource __knowledge__ An example is carbon-based, organically-derived fuel.", "Non-renewable resource __knowledge__ The original organic material, with the aid of heat and pressure, becomes a fuel such as oil or gas.", "Non-renewable resource __knowledge__ Earth minerals and metal ores, fossil fuels (coal, petroleum, natural gas) and groundwater in certain aquifers are all considered non-renewable resources, though individual elements are almost always conserved.", "Non-renewable resource __knowledge__ In contrast, resources such as timber (when harvested sustainably) and wind (used to power energy conversion systems) are considered renewable resources, largely because their localized replenishment can occur within time frames meaningful to humans.", "Duncan v McDonald __knowledge__ Duncan v McDonald [1997] 3 NZLR 669 is a cited case in New Zealand regarding the granting of relief under the Illegal Contracts Act 1970 for illegal contracts.", "Duncan v McDonald __knowledge__ The McDonalds entered into an illegal scheme with some Nigerians that in return of an investment of $285,000, they would receive $2,000,000.", "Duncan v McDonald __knowledge__ The McDonalds borrowed the money from an estate that Mr Duncan, a solicitor, was managing, and they used a property as security for the loan.", "Duncan v McDonald __knowledge__ Duncan was aware of the illegal nature of the transaction when he lent the money.", "Duncan v McDonald __knowledge__ Unsurprisingly, the McDonalds were a victim of a Nigerian scam, leaving the McDonalds unable to repay the mortgage on their property, and Duncan sought to enforce the mortgage.", "Seriously McDonalds __knowledge__ \"Seriously McDonalds\" is the name under which a viral photograph was spread in June 2011.", "Seriously McDonalds __knowledge__ The photograph shows a sign, which is in fact a hoax, claiming that McDonald's has implemented a new policy charging African-Americans more, as \"an insurance measure\".", "Seriously McDonalds __knowledge__ Despite having existed for some time, the picture was spread around the Internet, especially on Twitter, in June 2011, by people who were offended or amused by the photograph.", "Seriously McDonalds __knowledge__ McDonald's acted quickly to deny the legitimacy of the sign, but it continued to trend on Twitter under the hashtag \"#SeriouslyMcDonalds\" and \"#seriouslymcdonalds\" for a few days.", "Kai Peterson __knowledge__ Kai Peterson (stage name), (born March 24, 1962 née \"Kai-Peter Sauer\" in Hannover, Lower Saxony, Germany) is a German actor, voice talent, music producer, composer, lyricist and singer in the genres musical theater, Jazz, Soul and Funk.", "Kai Peterson __knowledge__ He took his stage name Kai Peterson in 1989, but since his marriage with Karen Henry his legal name is Kai-Peter Henry.", "Kai Peterson __knowledge__ Kai Peterson is the first of two children born to Peter Petrel und Hede-Birgit.", "Kai Peterson __knowledge__ He has two sisters (Sandra and Sintha).", "Kai Peterson __knowledge__ He spent his childhood in Hannover/Germany.", "Kai Peterson __knowledge__ Since 1990 he is living in Vienna/Austria with his wife and two sons which he named after NELSON Mandela and MALCOLM X. Kai Peterson appeared on stage in the following theater productions, revues, events and concerts: THE FARMER AS MILLIONAIRE (Raimund) - \"Wurzel\" - FWS Hannover THE RHINOCEROSES (E.Unesco) - \"Der Ältere Herr\" - FWS Hannover Club & Tour with the bands... EXIT 55 COMMUNICATION JOY & PAIN FUN KEY B.", "McDonalds Mill, Virginia __knowledge__ McDonalds Mill is an unincorporated community in the northeastern section of Montgomery County, Virginia.", "McDonalds Mill, Virginia __knowledge__ Located approximately 10 miles east of Blacksburg, Virginia along State Route 785, McDonalds Mill lies at the floor of the Catawba Valley and is bound on the south by Paris Mountain and to the north by Gallion Ridge.", "McDonalds Mill, Virginia __knowledge__ A post office called McDonalds Mills operated from 1847 until 1913.", "McDonalds Mill, Virginia __knowledge__ George McDonald operated a mill there, hence the name.", "Fast food restaurant __knowledge__ A fast food restaurant, also known as a quick service restaurant (QSR) within the industry, is a specific type of restaurant that serves fast food cuisine and has minimal table service.", "Fast food restaurant __knowledge__ The food served in fast food restaurants is typically part of a \"meat-sweet diet\", offered from a limited menu, cooked in bulk in advance and kept hot, finished and packaged to order, and usually available for take away, though seating may be provided.", "Fast food restaurant __knowledge__ Fast food restaurants are typically part of a restaurant chain or franchise operation that provisions standardized ingredients and/or partially prepared foods and supplies to each restaurant through controlled supply channels.", "KFC __knowledge__ KFC, until 1991 known as Kentucky Fried Chicken, is an American fast food restaurant chain that specializes in fried chicken.", "KFC __knowledge__ Headquartered in Louisville, Kentucky, it is the world's second-largest restaurant chain (as measured by sales) after McDonald's, with almost 20,000 locations globally in 123 countries and territories .", "KFC __knowledge__ The chain is a subsidiary of Yum!", "KFC __knowledge__ Brands, a restaurant company that also owns the Pizza Hut and Taco Bell chains.", "KFC __knowledge__ KFC was founded by Colonel Harland Sanders, an entrepreneur who began selling fried chicken from his roadside restaurant in Corbin, Kentucky during the Great Depression.", "Fast food __knowledge__ Fast food is a mass-produced food that is prepared and served very quickly.", "Fast food __knowledge__ The food is typically less nutritionally valuable compared to other foods and dishes.", "Fast food __knowledge__ While any meal with low preparation time can be considered fast food, typically the term refers to food sold in a restaurant or store with frozen, preheated or precooked ingredients, and served to the customer in a packaged form for take-out/take-away.", "Fast food __knowledge__ Fast food restaurants are traditionally distinguished by their ability to serve food via a drive-through.", "Fast food __knowledge__ Outlets may be stands or kiosks, which may provide no shelter or seating, or fast food restaurants (also known as \"quick service restaurants\").", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The Hamburger most likely first appeared in the 19th or early 20th century.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The modern hamburger was a product of the culinary needs of a society rapidly changing due to industrialization, the emergence of the working class and middle class and the demand for mass-produced, affordable food that could be consumed outside of the home.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Americans contend they were the first to combine two slices of bread and a steak of ground beef into a \"hamburger sandwich\" and sell it.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Part of the controversy over the origin of the hamburger is because the two basic ingredients, bread and beef, were prepared and consumed separately for many years before their combination.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ When the predecessor of international fast food restaurant chain Burger King (BK) first opened in 1953, its menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ After being acquired by its Miami, Florida franchisees and renamed in 1954, BK began expanding its menu by adding the Whopper sandwich in 1957, and has since added non-beef items such as chicken, fish, and vegetarian offerings, including salads and meatless sandwiches.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ Other additions include a breakfast menu and beverages such as Icees, juices, and bottled waters.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ As the company expanded both inside and outside the United States, it introduced localized versions of its products that conform to regional tastes and cultural or religious beliefs.", "Advertising to children __knowledge__ Advertising to children is the act of marketing or [advertising] products or services to children as defined by national legislation and advertising standards.", "Advertising to children __knowledge__ It is often the subject of debate, relating to the alleged influence on children’s consumption.", "Advertising to children __knowledge__ Laws concerning such advertisements have largely evolved in recent years.", "Advertising to children __knowledge__ In most countries, advertising for children is framed by a mix of legislation and advertising self-regulation.", "Advertising to children __knowledge__ In the nineteenth century, the compulsory education of children was established.", "Advertising to children __knowledge__ Consequently, children began to be targeted by an increasing number of publications.Commercial appeals to children, however, did not become commonplace until the advent and widespread adoption of television and grew exponentially with the advent of cable television." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is a fast food company that was founded in 1940 as a restaurant operated by Richard and Maurice McDonald, in San Bernardino, California, United States.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ They rechristened their business as a hamburger stand.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The first time a McDonald's franchise used the Golden Arches logo was in 1953 at a location in Phoenix, Arizona.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In 1955, Ray Kroc, a businessman, joined the company as a franchise agent and proceeded to purchase the chain from the McDonald brothers.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's had its original headquarters in Oak Brook, Illinois, but has approved plans to move its global headquarters to Chicago by 2018.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is the world's largest restaurant chain by revenue, serving over 69 million customers daily in over 100 countries across approximately 36,900 outlets as of 2016.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ Although McDonald's is known for its hamburgers, they also sell cheeseburgers, chicken products, french fries, breakfast items, soft drinks, milkshakes, wraps, and desserts.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In response to changing consumer tastes and a negative backlash because of the unhealthiness of their food, the company has added to its menu salads, fish, smoothies, and fruit.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The McDonald's Corporation revenues come from the rent, royalties, and fees paid by the franchisees, as well as sales in company-operated restaurants.", "Muraqaba __knowledge__ Muraqaba (, an Arabic word meaning \"to watch over\", \"to take care of\", or \"to keep an eye\"), is the Sufi word for meditation.", "Muraqaba __knowledge__ It implies that with meditation, a person watches over or takes care of his spiritual heart (or soul), and acquires knowledge about it, its surroundings, and its creator.", "Muraqaba __knowledge__ This form of meditation is common amongst most Sufi orders and is a core concept for many tariqas.", "Muraqaba __knowledge__ Here are the \"maqamat\" (Arabic: مقامات stages) in which Sufis have broadly categorised their journey of ascension.", "Muraqaba __knowledge__ The categorization is an arbitrary one, and each level is generally further divided into several sublevels.", "Humble Bundle __knowledge__ Humble Bundle, Inc. is a digital storefront for video games, which grew out of its original offering of Humble Bundles, collections of games sold at a price determined by the purchaser and with a portion of the price going towards charity and the rest split between the game developers.", "Humble Bundle __knowledge__ Humble Bundle continues to offer these limited-time bundles, but have expanded to include a persistent storefront.", "Humble Bundle __knowledge__ The Humble Bundle concept was initially run by Wolfire Games in 2010, but by its second bundle, the Humble Bundle company was spun out to manage the promotion, payments, and distribution of the bundles.", "Humble Independent School District __knowledge__ Humble Independent School District is a school district based in Humble, Texas, USA.", "Humble Independent School District __knowledge__ It serves the city of Humble, small portions of the city of Houston (including the community of Kingwood), and portions of unincorporated Harris County (including the communities of Atascocita and Fall Creek).", "Humble Independent School District __knowledge__ , the district serves over 37,000 students.", "Humble Independent School District __knowledge__ And as of June 2016, Humble ISD is led by Dr. Elizabeth Cenalia-Fagen after Dr.", "Humble Independent School District __knowledge__ Guy M. Sconzo's retirement.", "Humble Independent School District __knowledge__ Humble ISD currently has five high schools and one magnet high school.", "Humble Independent School District __knowledge__ The district's flagship high school, Humble High School, opened in 1918.", "Humble Independent School District __knowledge__ It later moved to a new building, Charles Bender High School in 1929, and eventually to its current location on Wilson Road, as Humble High School, in 1965.", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ Imagine Dragons is an American rock band from Las Vegas, Nevada, consisting of lead vocalist Dan Reynolds, lead guitarist Wayne Sermon, bassist and keyboardist Ben McKee, and drummer Daniel Platzman.", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ The band first gained exposure with the release of single \"It's Time\", followed by their award-winning debut studio album \"Night Visions\" (2012), which resulted in the chart topping singles \"Radioactive\" and \"Demons\".", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ \"Billboard\" placed them at the top of their \"Year In Rock\" rankings for 2013 and 2017 and named them their \"Breakthrough Band of 2013\".", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ and \"Biggest Band of 2017.\"", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ \"Rolling Stone\" named their single \"Radioactive\", which holds the record for most weeks on the Hot 100, from \"Night Visions\" the \"biggest rock hit of the year\", and MTV called them \"the year's biggest breakout band\".", "Al-Rumaikiyya __knowledge__ Al-Rumaikiyya () was an Andalusian poet, wife of King Motamid of Seville.", "Al-Rumaikiyya __knowledge__ She is believed to have been born between 1045 and 1047.", "Al-Rumaikiyya __knowledge__ She was of humble origin and was servant to a Moor of Seville named Jachach, who employed her in driving beasts of burden.", "Al-Rumaikiyya __knowledge__ One day, the future king met her in the street and was so impressed by her abilities and beauty that he at once removed her and made her his wife.", "Al-Rumaikiyya __knowledge__ This was greatly displeasing to the prince’s father, King Al-Mutadid, who however was soon captivated by Rumaikiyya, especially after she had given him a grandson.", "Al-Rumaikiyya __knowledge__ Despite her lowly background, Rumaikiyya carried out her duties as queen wonderfully well, even in a court so magnificent as that of Seville.", "Honorific speech in Japanese __knowledge__ The Japanese language has many honorifics, referred to as keigo (敬語, literally \"respectful language\"), parts of speech that show respect.", "Honorific speech in Japanese __knowledge__ Their use is mandatory in many social situations.", "Honorific speech in Japanese __knowledge__ Honorifics in Japanese may be used to emphasize social distance or disparity in rank, or to emphasize social intimacy or similarity in rank.", "Honorific speech in Japanese __knowledge__ The system of honorifics in Japan is very extensive, including various levels of respectful, humble, and polite speech, and it closely resembles the honorific systems of the Korean language and, in some elements, Chinese.", "Honorific speech in Japanese __knowledge__ It includes both special vocabulary and special grammatical forms.", "Imagine (John Lennon song) __knowledge__ \"Imagine\" is a song written and performed by English musician John Lennon.", "Imagine (John Lennon song) __knowledge__ The best-selling single of his solo career, its lyrics encourage the listener to imagine a world at peace without the barriers of borders or the divisions of religion and nationality and to consider the possibility that the whole of humanity would live unattached to material possessions.", "Imagine (John Lennon song) __knowledge__ Lennon and Yoko Ono co-produced the song and album of the same name with Phil Spector.", "Imagine (John Lennon song) __knowledge__ Recording began at Lennon's home studio at Tittenhurst Park, England, in May 1971, with final overdubs taking place at the Record Plant, in New York City, during July.", "San Bernardino, California __knowledge__ San Bernardino is a city located in the Riverside-San Bernardino metropolitan area (sometimes called the \"Inland Empire\").", "San Bernardino, California __knowledge__ It serves as the county seat of San Bernardino County, California, United States.", "San Bernardino, California __knowledge__ As one of the Inland Empire's anchor cities, San Bernardino spans on the floor of the San Bernardino Valley and has a population of 209,924 as of the 2010 census.", "San Bernardino, California __knowledge__ San Bernardino is the 17th-largest city in California and the 100th-largest city in the United States.", "San Bernardino, California __knowledge__ San Bernardino is home to numerous diplomatic missions for the Inland Empire, being one of four cities in California with numerous consulates (the other three being Los Angeles, San Diego, and the greater metropolitan San Francisco Bay Area including San Jose and San Francisco).", "Richard and Maurice McDonald __knowledge__ Richard and Maurice McDonald were the founders of the original McDonald’s restaurant in San Bernardino, California and inventors of the ‘Speedee Service System’.", "Richard and Maurice McDonald __knowledge__ In 1937, the McDonald brothers opened a hot dog stand in Monrovia, California, inspired by a local hot dog stand that seemed to be the only profitable business in town, and which primarily served patrons at a local racetrack.", "Richard and Maurice McDonald __knowledge__ However, the stand had few customers after racing season ended.", "Richard and Maurice McDonald __knowledge__ Maurice decided to open a bigger hot dog stand in San Bernardino, a large working-class town approximately 50 miles eastward, with a population of approximately 100,000 people.", "History of San Bernardino, California __knowledge__ San Bernardino, California, was named in 1810.", "History of San Bernardino, California __knowledge__ San Bernardino's earliest known inhabitants were Serrano Indians (Spanish for \"people of the mountains\") who spent their winters in the valley, and their summers in the cooler mountains.", "History of San Bernardino, California __knowledge__ They were known as the \"Yuhaviatam\" or People of the Pines.", "History of San Bernardino, California __knowledge__ They have lived in the valley since approximately 1000 B.C.", "History of San Bernardino, California __knowledge__ They lived in small brush covered structures.", "History of San Bernardino, California __knowledge__ At the time the Spanish first visited the valley, approximately 1500 Serranos inhabited the area.", "History of San Bernardino, California __knowledge__ They lived in villages of ten to thirty structures that the Spanish named rancherías.", "History of San Bernardino, California __knowledge__ The Tongva Indians also called the San Bernardino area Wa'aach in their language.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ This history of McDonald's is an overview of the original restaurant and of the chain.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ The McDonald family moved from Manchester, New Hampshire to Hollywood, California in the late 1930s, where brothers Richard and Maurice McDonald began working as set movers and handymen at Motion-Picture studios.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ In 1937, their father Patrick McDonald opened \"The Airdrome\", a food stand, on Huntington Drive (Route 66) near the Monrovia Airport in the Los Angeles County city of Monrovia, California with hot dogs being one of the first items sold.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ Hamburgers were later added to the menu at a cost of ten cents with all-you-can-drink orange juice at five cents.", "Inland Empire __knowledge__ The Inland Empire (I.E.)", "Inland Empire __knowledge__ is a metropolitan area and region in Southern California.", "Inland Empire __knowledge__ The term may be used to refer to the cities of western Riverside County and southwestern San Bernardino County.", "Inland Empire __knowledge__ A broader definition will include eastern Los Angeles County cities in the Pomona Valley, and sometimes the desert communities of Palm Springs and the rest of the Coachella Valley; a much larger definition includes all of San Bernardino and Riverside counties.", "Inland Empire __knowledge__ The U.S. Census Bureau-defined Riverside–San Bernardino–Ontario metropolitan area, which comprises Riverside County and San Bernardino County, California, covers more than 27,000 square miles (70,000 km) and has a population of approximately 4 million.", "San Bernardino County, California __knowledge__ San Bernardino County, officially the County of San Bernardino, is a county located in the southern portion of the U.S. state of California.", "San Bernardino County, California __knowledge__ As of the 2010 census, the population was 2,035,210, making it the fifth-most populous county in California, and the 12th-most populous in the United States.", "San Bernardino County, California __knowledge__ The county seat is San Bernardino.", "San Bernardino County, California __knowledge__ San Bernardino County is included in the Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area, also known as the Inland Empire, as well as the Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA Combined Statistical Area.", "San Bernardino County, California __knowledge__ With an area of 20,105 square miles, San Bernardino County is the largest county in the United States by area, although some of Alaska's boroughs and census areas are larger." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 3 ]

[ "im thinking about opening up a mcdonalds franchise, i know they are a fast food company that was founded in 1940", "yea it was founded by richard and maurice mcdonald in san bernardino, california ", "yea and hte first time mcdonalds had a franchise use the golden arches was in 1953" ]

[ "McDonald's", "McDonald's", "McDonald's" ]

[ "Appalachian Trail\nI like to hike the Appalachian Trial starting in Georgia", "Yes 2181 miles to be exact. ", "Yes it takes an average of 7 months to travel the whole lenght", "I like which every area is the warmest at any given time Georgia is always warm so I like that part of the trail", "I can be lonely at times but an average of 2 million people walk the trail year round so there is always someone" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The Appalachian National Scenic Trail, generally known as the Appalachian Trail or simply the A.T., is a marked hiking trail in the Eastern United States extending between Springer Mountain in Georgia and Mount Katahdin in Maine.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The trail is estimated around 2,200 miles (3,500 km) long, though the exact length changes over time as parts are modified or rerouted.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The Appalachian Trail Conservancy claims that the Appalachian Trail is the longest hiking-only trail in the world.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ More than 2 million people are said to take a hike on part of the trail at least once each year.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The idea of the Appalachian Trail came about in 1921.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The trail itself was completed in 1937 after more than a decade of work, although improvements and changes continue.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ It is maintained by 31 trail clubs and multiple partnerships, and managed by the National Park Service, United States Forest Service, and the nonprofit Appalachian Trail Conservancy.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The majority of the trail is in forest or wild lands, although some portions traverse towns, roads and farms.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ It passes through 14 states: Georgia, North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, New York, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Vermont, New Hampshire, and Maine.", "Appalachia __knowledge__ Appalachia () is a cultural region in the Eastern United States that stretches from the Southern Tier of New York to northern Alabama, Mississippi and Georgia.", "Appalachia __knowledge__ While the Appalachian Mountains stretch from Belle Isle (Newfoundland and Labrador) in Canada to Cheaha Mountain in Alabama, the cultural region of Appalachia typically refers only to the central and southern portions of the range.", "Appalachia __knowledge__ As of the 2010 United States Census, the region was home to approximately 25 million people.", "Appalachia __knowledge__ Since its recognition as a distinctive region in the late 19th century, Appalachia has been a source of enduring myths and distortions regarding the isolation, temperament, and behavior of its inhabitants.", "Appalachian Trail by state __knowledge__ The Appalachian National Scenic Trail spans fourteen U.S. states during its journey that is long, including Georgia, North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, New York, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Vermont, New Hampshire, and Maine.", "Appalachian Trail by state __knowledge__ It begins at Springer Mountain, Georgia, and follows the ridgeline of the Appalachian Mountains, crossing many of its highest peaks and running with only a few exceptions almost continuously through wilderness before ending at Mount Katahdin, Maine.", "Appalachian Trail by state __knowledge__ The trail is currently protected along more than 99% of its course by federal or state land ownership or right-of-way.", "Warren Doyle __knowledge__ Warren Doyle is a hiker, and supporter of the Appalachian Trail.", "Warren Doyle __knowledge__ He holds the informal record for the hiking the entire Appalachian Trail (seventeen times; 9 thru-hikes and 8 section hikes).", "Warren Doyle __knowledge__ From 1974 to 2017, as a labor of love, he organized and led 10 groups up the Appalachian Trail with a superlative completion rate.", "Warren Doyle __knowledge__ He is the founder of two organizations dedicated to the trail: the Appalachian Long Distance Hikers Association, and the Appalachian Trail Institute.", "Warren Doyle __knowledge__ He remains the Director of Appalachian Trail Institute.", "Warren Doyle __knowledge__ Warren Doyle (born 1950) became interested in hiking while attending Southern Connecticut State University.", "Endukante... Premanta! __knowledge__ Endukante... Premanta!", "Endukante... Premanta! __knowledge__ ( \"Because...It's Love!", "Endukante... Premanta! __knowledge__ \"), titled in Tamil as Yen Endral Kadhal Enben!", "Endukante... Premanta! __knowledge__ () is a 2012 Telugu-Tamil bilingual paranormal romance film directed by A. Karunakaran.", "Endukante... Premanta! __knowledge__ It was simultaneously shot in Telugu and Tamil languages, and stars Ram and Tamannaah.", "Endukante... Premanta! __knowledge__ The movie was produced by Sravanthi Ravi Kishore and features music scored by G. V. Prakash Kumar and dialogues penned by Kona Venkat.", "Endukante... Premanta! __knowledge__ The film deals with love between two souls across two different eras.", "Endukante... Premanta! __knowledge__ Both Ram and Tamannah play dual roles in the film, with each of those pairs of roles set in 1980 and 2012 respectively.", "Endukante... Premanta! __knowledge__ This film's plot is mostly based on an American romantic comedy fantasy film \"Just like Heaven\" (2005).The film was also dubbed into Hindi under the title \"\"Dangerous Khiladi 5\"\" by Goldmines TeleFilms in 2016.", "Pacific Crest Trail __knowledge__ The Pacific Crest Trail (commonly abbreviated as the PCT, and officially designated as the Pacific Crest National Scenic Trail) is a long-distance hiking and equestrian trail closely aligned with the highest portion of the Sierra Nevada and Cascade mountain ranges, which lie east of the U.S. Pacific coast.", "Pacific Crest Trail __knowledge__ The trail's southern terminus is on the U.S. border with Mexico, just south of Campo, California, and its northern terminus on the Canada–US border on the edge of Manning Park in British Columbia; its corridor through the U.S. is in the states of California, Oregon, and Washington.", "Pacific Crest Trail __knowledge__ The Pacific Crest Trail is long and ranges in elevation from just above sea level at the Oregon–Washington border to at Forester Pass in the Sierra Nevada.", "Thru-hiking __knowledge__ Thru-hiking, or through-hiking, is hiking a long-distance trail end-to-end within one hiking season.", "Thru-hiking __knowledge__ In United States, the term is most commonly associated with the Appalachian Trail (AT), the Pacific Crest Trail (PCT), and the Continental Divide Trail (CDT), but also refers to other end-to-end hikes.", "Thru-hiking __knowledge__ Other examples include the Te Araroa Trail in New Zealand, the Camino de Santiago in Spain, the Via Francigena in France and Italy, the Lycian Way in Turkey, the Israel National Trail, and the Great Divide Trail (GDT) in Canada.", "Thru-hiking __knowledge__ Thru-hiking is also called \"end-to-end hiking\" or \"end-to-ending\" on some trails, like Vermont's Long Trail or New York's Long Path and Northville–Placid Trail." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The Appalachian National Scenic Trail, generally known as the Appalachian Trail or simply the A.T., is a marked hiking trail in the Eastern United States extending between Springer Mountain in Georgia and Mount Katahdin in Maine.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The trail is estimated around 2,200 miles (3,500 km) long, though the exact length changes over time as parts are modified or rerouted.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The Appalachian Trail Conservancy claims that the Appalachian Trail is the longest hiking-only trail in the world.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ More than 2 million people are said to take a hike on part of the trail at least once each year.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The idea of the Appalachian Trail came about in 1921.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The trail itself was completed in 1937 after more than a decade of work, although improvements and changes continue.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ It is maintained by 31 trail clubs and multiple partnerships, and managed by the National Park Service, United States Forest Service, and the nonprofit Appalachian Trail Conservancy.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The majority of the trail is in forest or wild lands, although some portions traverse towns, roads and farms.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ It passes through 14 states: Georgia, North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, New York, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Vermont, New Hampshire, and Maine.", "Farm to Market Road 2181 __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 2181 (FM 2181) is a FM highway in the U.S. state of Texas in the northern part of the Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex.", "Farm to Market Road 2181 __knowledge__ The highway runs as a \"loop\" of I-35E, serving many housing developments in Corinth, Copper Canyon, and Denton.", "Farm to Market Road 2181 __knowledge__ FM 2181 begins at an intersection with I-35E in southern Corinth, near Lake Dallas and Hickory.", "Farm to Market Road 2181 __knowledge__ To the east of this intersection, the road continues as Swisher Road towards the Lewisville Lake Toll Bridge.", "Farm to Market Road 2181 __knowledge__ FM 2181 runs as an east-west highway from I-35E to Old Alton Road, despite being signed north-south.", "Farm to Market Road 2181 __knowledge__ The highway turns north, running through the southern part of Denton.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (2400–2499) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Roads in Texas are owned and maintained by the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT).", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (2400–2499) __knowledge__ Ranch to Market Road 2400 (RM 2400) is a Ranch to Market Road in Pecos and Terrell counties in the U.S. state of Texas maintained by the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT).", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (2400–2499) __knowledge__ The western terminus of RM 2400 is in Pecos County at , approximately 4.3 miles north of the Terrell County line.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (2400–2499) __knowledge__ The route travels northeast into Terrell County before ending at .", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (2400–2499) __knowledge__ RM 2400 was established in 1957 with its current western terminus and extending 12.5 miles northeast.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (2400–2499) __knowledge__ In 1959, this route was extended northeast another 7.0 miles.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Old Kingdom of Egypt __knowledge__ The Old Kingdom is the period in the third millennium (c. 2686-2181 BC) also known as the 'Age of the Pyramids' or 'Age of the Pyramid Builders' as it includes the great 4th Dynasty when King Sneferu perfected the art of pyramid building and the pyramids of Giza were constructed under the kings Khufu, Khafre, and Menkaure.", "Old Kingdom of Egypt __knowledge__ Egypt attained its first continuous peak of civilization – the first of three so-called \"Kingdom\" periods (followed by the Middle Kingdom and New Kingdom) which mark the high points of civilization in the lower Nile Valley.", "Old Kingdom of Egypt __knowledge__ The term itself was coined by eighteenth-century historians and the distinction between the Old Kingdom and the Early Dynastic Period is not one which would have been recognized by Ancient Egyptians.", "Egyptian mythology __knowledge__ Egyptian mythology is the collection of myths from ancient Egypt, which describe the actions of the Egyptian gods as a means of understanding the world.", "Egyptian mythology __knowledge__ The beliefs that these myths express are an important part of ancient Egyptian religion.", "Egyptian mythology __knowledge__ Myths appear frequently in Egyptian writings and art, particularly in short stories and in religious material such as hymns, ritual texts, funerary texts, and temple decoration.", "Egyptian mythology __knowledge__ These sources rarely contain a complete account of a myth and often describe only brief fragments.", "Egyptian mythology __knowledge__ Inspired by the cycles of nature, the Egyptians saw time in the present as a series of recurring patterns, whereas the earliest periods of time were linear.", "Procopio __knowledge__ Procopio (c. 1841 – ?", "Procopio __knowledge__ ), also known as Red-Handed Dick and Red Dick was one of the best-known bandits in California history.", "Procopio __knowledge__ His nickname was reportedly given due either to his red hair, or his violent nature and bloodthirstiness.", "Procopio __knowledge__ His given name has been variously reported as Tomaso Rodendo, Tomas Procopio Bustamante, Thomas Rodundo, Procopio Murietta, Jesus Procopio, and Tomoso Bustemata.", "Procopio __knowledge__ In 1872, the \"San Francisco Chronicle\" called him \"one of the most fearless and daring desperadoes that has ever figured in the criminal annals of our state.\"", "Procopio __knowledge__ He was twice convicted of cattle theft and twice served time in San Quentin prison, but was never convicted of any of the murders he was alleged to have committed.", "YES Network __knowledge__ The Yankees Entertainment and Sports Network (YES) is an American cable and satellite television regional sports network that is owned by 21st Century Fox (which owns a controlling 80% interest and serves as managing partner) and Yankee Global Enterprises (which owns the remaining 20%).", "YES Network __knowledge__ Primarily serving New York City, New York and the surrounding metropolitan area, it broadcasts a variety of sports events, as well as magazine, documentary and discussion programs; however, its main emphasis is focused on games and team-related programs involving the New York Yankees of Major League Baseball (owned by minority partner Yankee Global), the NBA's Brooklyn Nets and New York City FC of Major League Soccer.", "List of county roads in Le Sueur County, Minnesota __knowledge__ The following is an incomplete list of county-maintained roads in Le Sueur County, Minnesota, United States.", "List of county roads in Le Sueur County, Minnesota __knowledge__ County Road 1 runs along the Le Sueur and Rice County line.", "List of county roads in Le Sueur County, Minnesota __knowledge__ Le Sueur Avenue (Rice County Road 12) becomes Le Sueur County Road 1, heads north for , and terminates at Dodd Road (CR 2).", "List of county roads in Le Sueur County, Minnesota __knowledge__ County Road 2 runs west as a continuation of Dodd Road (Rice County Road 10), through Kilkenny, and after crossing State Highway 13 (MN 13), continues west on 440th Street.", "List of county roads in Le Sueur County, Minnesota __knowledge__ At 201st Avenue, County Road 2 heads north on 201st Avenue, until it becomes Dodd Road, briefly runs concurrently with County Road 11, then heads west-southwest to Cleveland, where it terminates at 10th Street South (CR 15).", "Paul Gosar __knowledge__ Paul Anthony Gosar (born November 27, 1958) is an American politician, a member of the United States House of Representatives representing .", "Paul Gosar __knowledge__ The district includes most of the rural western portion of the state, as well as a few suburbs of Phoenix.", "Paul Gosar __knowledge__ He represented the neighboring 1st district during his first term and is a member of the Republican Party.", "Paul Gosar __knowledge__ Gosar was born in Rock Springs, Wyoming, in 1958, son of Antone John Gosar and Bernadette M. (née Erramouspe) Gosar.", "Paul Gosar __knowledge__ His paternal grandparents were Slovenian and his maternal grandparents were Basque immigrants from Banca, France.", "Paul Gosar __knowledge__ He is the older brother of Pete Gosar, a former college football player at the University of Wyoming, who is a former chairman of the Wyoming Democratic Party and was a candidate for governor of Wyoming, in 2010 and 2014.", "OS 2200 __knowledge__ OS 2200 is the operating system for the Unisys ClearPath Dorado family of mainframe systems.", "OS 2200 __knowledge__ The operating system kernel of OS 2200 is a lineal descendant of Exec 8 for the UNIVAC 1108.", "OS 2200 __knowledge__ Documentation and other information on current and past Unisys systems can be found on the Unisys public support website.", "OS 2200 __knowledge__ See Unisys 2200 Series system architecture for a description of the machine architecture and its relationship to the OS 2200 operating system.", "OS 2200 __knowledge__ There were earlier 1100 systems going back to the 1101 in 1951, but the 1108 was the first 1100 Series computer designed for efficient support of multiprogramming and multiprocessing.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of character summaries from the FX Networks television series, \"The Shield\".", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ Captain Monica Rawling is a fictional character from the FX television show \"The Shield\", played by Glenn Close, who received an Emmy nomination as Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series for her performance.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ Monica Rawling succeeded David Aceveda as Captain of the Farmington precinct.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ A morally strong woman, she tried to redeem Vic Mackey and Ronnie Gardocki by involving them in a controversial asset forfeiture program designed to clean up Farmington, by destroying the neighborhood drug trade.", "List of One Tree Hill characters __knowledge__ One Tree Hill is an American television series created by Mark Schwahn for The WB in 2003.", "List of One Tree Hill characters __knowledge__ After its third season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which then became the broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of One Tree Hill characters __knowledge__ Schwahn served as executive producer while also writing and directing for the show, including the premieres and finales of all seasons.", "List of One Tree Hill characters __knowledge__ The show began with nine main characters in its first season.", "List of One Tree Hill characters __knowledge__ After that, characters from that first season left the show, with new main characters having been both written in and out of the series.", "List of One Tree Hill characters __knowledge__ Originally, it followed two half-brothers Lucas and Nathan Scott who started out as enemies but later formed a close bond as brothers.", "Stockton University __knowledge__ Stockton University, located in Galloway Township in Atlantic County, New Jersey, United States, is a public undergraduate and graduate university of the arts, sciences and professional studies of the New Jersey state system of higher education.", "Stockton University __knowledge__ The university was named for Richard Stockton, one of the New Jersey signers of the Declaration of Independence.", "Stockton University __knowledge__ Founded in 1969, Stockton accepted its charter class in 1971.", "Stockton University __knowledge__ At its opening in 1971, classes were held at the Mayflower Hotel in Atlantic City; the campus in Galloway Township began operating late in 1971.", "Stockton University __knowledge__ Some 8,728 students are enrolled at Stockton, which provides distinctive traditional and alternative approaches to education." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The Appalachian National Scenic Trail, generally known as the Appalachian Trail or simply the A.T., is a marked hiking trail in the Eastern United States extending between Springer Mountain in Georgia and Mount Katahdin in Maine.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The trail is estimated around 2,200 miles (3,500 km) long, though the exact length changes over time as parts are modified or rerouted.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The Appalachian Trail Conservancy claims that the Appalachian Trail is the longest hiking-only trail in the world.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ More than 2 million people are said to take a hike on part of the trail at least once each year.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The idea of the Appalachian Trail came about in 1921.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The trail itself was completed in 1937 after more than a decade of work, although improvements and changes continue.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ It is maintained by 31 trail clubs and multiple partnerships, and managed by the National Park Service, United States Forest Service, and the nonprofit Appalachian Trail Conservancy.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The majority of the trail is in forest or wild lands, although some portions traverse towns, roads and farms.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ It passes through 14 states: Georgia, North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, New York, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Vermont, New Hampshire, and Maine.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ A referendum on Scottish independence from the United Kingdom took place on 18 September 2014.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The referendum question, which voters answered with \"Yes\" or \"No\", was \"Should Scotland be an independent country?\"", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The \"No\" side won, with 2,001,926 (55.3%) voting against independence and 1,617,989 (44.7%) voting in favour.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The turnout of 84.6% was the highest recorded for an election or referendum in the United Kingdom since the introduction of universal suffrage.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The Scottish Independence Referendum Act 2013, setting out the arrangements for the referendum, was passed by the Scottish Parliament in November 2013, following an agreement between the Scottish Government and the United Kingdom government.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Lancaster Royal Grammar School __knowledge__ Lancaster Royal Grammar School (LRGS) is a selective grammar school (day and boarding) for boys aged 11–18 in Lancaster, Lancashire, England.", "Lancaster Royal Grammar School __knowledge__ It also has academy status.", "Lancaster Royal Grammar School __knowledge__ Old students belong to The Old Lancastrians.", "Lancaster Royal Grammar School __knowledge__ It is one of England's 36 state boarding schools.", "Lancaster Royal Grammar School __knowledge__ The school will have a sixth form for girls from September 2019.", "Lancaster Royal Grammar School __knowledge__ The school was founded between 1235–1256, probably nearer to the former, and was later endowed as a free school by John Gardyner.", "Lancaster Royal Grammar School __knowledge__ The first definite mention of the old grammar school is found in a deed dated 4 August 1469, when the Abbess of Syon granted to John Gardyner, of Bailrigg (near Lancaster), a lease of a water-mill on the River Lune and some land nearby for two hundred years to maintain a chaplain to celebrate worship in the Church of St. Mary, Lancaster, and to instruct boys in grammar freely, \"unless perchance something shall be voluntarily offered by their friends\".", "Linguistic development of Genie __knowledge__ When the circumstances of Genie, the primary victim in one of the most severe cases of abuse, neglect and social isolation on record in medical literature, first became known in early November 1970, authorities arranged for her admission to Children's Hospital Los Angeles, where doctors determined that at the age of 13 years and 7 months she had not acquired a first language.", "Linguistic development of Genie __knowledge__ Hospital staff then began teaching Genie to speak General American English, and she gradually began to learn and use language.", "Linguistic development of Genie __knowledge__ Their efforts soon caught the attention of linguists, who saw her as an important way to gain further insight into acquisition of language skills and linguistic development.", "Palembang __knowledge__ Palembang (]) is the second-largest city on Sumatra after Medan and the capital city of South Sumatra province of Indonesia.", "Palembang __knowledge__ It is one of the oldest cities in the Malay Archipelago and Southeast Asia.", "Palembang __knowledge__ Palembang is located on the Musi River banks on the east coast of southern Sumatra, with a land area of and a population of 1,708,413 people (2014).", "Palembang __knowledge__ Palembang is the ninth most populous city in Indonesia after Jakarta, Surabaya, Bandung, Bekasi, Medan, Tangerang, Depok and Semarang, and the nineteenth most populous city in Southeast Asia.", "Palembang __knowledge__ Its built-up area, with Talang Kelapa and Rambutan, was home to 1,620,429 inhabitants at the 2010 census.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, 2011 __knowledge__ The United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, also known as the UK-wide referendum on the Parliamentary voting system was held on Thursday 5 May 2011 (the same date as local elections in many areas) in the United Kingdom (UK) to choose the method of electing MPs at subsequent general elections as part of the Conservative – Liberal Democrat Coalition Agreement drawn up after the 2010 general election which had resulted in the first hung parliament since February 1974 and also indirectly in the aftermath of the 2009 expenses scandal under the provisions of the Parliamentary Voting System and Constituencies Act 2011 and was the first national referendum to be held under provisions laid out in the Political Parties, Elections and Referendums Act 2000.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ The following list describes each of the characters from the popular webseries \"Red vs. Blue\", originally created by Rooster Teeth Productions.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ Colonel Sarge is the leader of the Red Team on Blood Gulch.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ He is voiced by Matt Hullum, co-creator of the series, and first appeared at the end of .", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ He has a Southern accent.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ Sarge is somewhat bloodthirsty, and the only Blood Gulch soldier on either team to actually be serious about war.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ It is mentioned that he has a military background and briefly joined the ODSTs.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ His preferred weapon is a shotgun, which he carries at all times.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ He has a passionate disgust for Grif, demonstrated by his repeated willingness to sacrifice Grif during combat missions as well as how all of his contingency plans are to kill Grif.", "Gulf Hagas __knowledge__ Gulf Hagas is a gorge located in the mountains of central Maine and is often referred to as the Grand Canyon of the East.", "Gulf Hagas __knowledge__ The West Branch of the Pleasant River cuts through the earth for three miles creating a vertically walled slate gorge with numerous waterfalls.", "Gulf Hagas __knowledge__ A trail follows the rim of the canyon offering hikers views of the falls and its geology.", "Gulf Hagas __knowledge__ The gorge is long; the river drops in this distance boasting walls.", "Gulf Hagas __knowledge__ Gulf Hagas is one of 14 National Natural Landmarks in the State of Maine, and is open to the public for a fee during the regular season.", "Gulf Hagas __knowledge__ Gulf Hagas is part of the Appalachian Trail (AT) Corridor.", "East Coast Trail __knowledge__ Started in 1994, the East Coast Trail is a long-distance footpath located in the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador.", "East Coast Trail __knowledge__ It is over of developed trail that is made up of 26 wilderness paths and intersect more than 30 communities.", "East Coast Trail __knowledge__ It was named one of the best adventure destinations by National Geographic in 2012 and grows and improves every year.", "East Coast Trail __knowledge__ Maintained by the East Coast Trail Association and located primarily on public lands, the trail traces the east coast of Newfoundland along the Atlantic Ocean.", "East Coast Trail __knowledge__ The trail passes through many small coastal towns nested in the bays of the Avalon Peninsula.", "Abenomics __knowledge__ The term \"Abenomics\" is a portmanteau of \"Abe\" and \"economics\", and follows previous political neologisms for economic policies linked to specific leaders, such as Reaganomics, Clintonomics and Rogernomics.", "Abenomics __knowledge__ The Japanese government raised consumption tax rates from 3% to 5% in 1997, which worsened the recession and deflated the economy.", "Abenomics __knowledge__ The government raised the consumption tax in 1997 for the purpose of balancing its budget, and then the government revenue decreased by 4.5 trillion yen because consumption stumbled.", "Abenomics __knowledge__ The country recorded a GDP growth rate of 3 percent in 1996, but after the tax hike the economy sank into recession.", "Appalachian Trail by state __knowledge__ The Appalachian National Scenic Trail spans fourteen U.S. states during its journey that is long, including Georgia, North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, New York, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Vermont, New Hampshire, and Maine.", "Appalachian Trail by state __knowledge__ It begins at Springer Mountain, Georgia, and follows the ridgeline of the Appalachian Mountains, crossing many of its highest peaks and running with only a few exceptions almost continuously through wilderness before ending at Mount Katahdin, Maine.", "Appalachian Trail by state __knowledge__ The trail is currently protected along more than 99% of its course by federal or state land ownership or right-of-way.", "Hike Messenger __knowledge__ Hike Messenger (stylized as hike M E S S E N G E R) is a cross-platform instant messaging service for smartphones that use the internet for communication.", "Hike Messenger __knowledge__ In addition to text messaging, users can send each other graphical stickers, emoticons, images, videos, audios, files, voice messages, contacts and user location.", "Hike Messenger __knowledge__ Hike was launched on 12 December 2012 and raised its first round of funding of $7 million from Bharti SoftBank in April 2013.", "Hike Messenger __knowledge__ Hike is a joint venture between Bharti Enterprises and SoftBank.", "Hike Messenger __knowledge__ On 16 August 2016 Hike raised $175 million in a new round of funding led by Tencent & Foxconn." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The Appalachian National Scenic Trail, generally known as the Appalachian Trail or simply the A.T., is a marked hiking trail in the Eastern United States extending between Springer Mountain in Georgia and Mount Katahdin in Maine.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The trail is estimated around 2,200 miles (3,500 km) long, though the exact length changes over time as parts are modified or rerouted.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The Appalachian Trail Conservancy claims that the Appalachian Trail is the longest hiking-only trail in the world.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ More than 2 million people are said to take a hike on part of the trail at least once each year.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The idea of the Appalachian Trail came about in 1921.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The trail itself was completed in 1937 after more than a decade of work, although improvements and changes continue.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ It is maintained by 31 trail clubs and multiple partnerships, and managed by the National Park Service, United States Forest Service, and the nonprofit Appalachian Trail Conservancy.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The majority of the trail is in forest or wild lands, although some portions traverse towns, roads and farms.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ It passes through 14 states: Georgia, North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, New York, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Vermont, New Hampshire, and Maine.", "Hockey stick controversy __knowledge__ In the hockey stick controversy, the data and methods used in reconstructions of the temperature record of the past 1000 years have been disputed.", "Hockey stick controversy __knowledge__ Reconstructions have consistently shown that the rise in the instrumental temperature record of the past 150 years is not matched in earlier centuries, and the name \"hockey stick graph\" was coined for figures showing a long-term decline followed by an abrupt rise in temperatures.", "Hockey stick controversy __knowledge__ These graphs were publicised to explain the scientific findings of climatology, and in addition to scientific debate over the reconstructions, they have been the topic of political dispute.", "2006 European heat wave __knowledge__ The 2006 European heat wave was a period of exceptionally hot weather that arrived at the end of June 2006 in certain European countries.", "2006 European heat wave __knowledge__ The United Kingdom, France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Italy, Poland, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Germany and western parts of Russia were most affected.", "2006 European heat wave __knowledge__ Several records were broken.", "2006 European heat wave __knowledge__ In the Netherlands, Belgium, Germany, Ireland and the United Kingdom, July 2006 was the warmest month since official measurements began.", "2006 European heat wave __knowledge__ Belgium experienced two heat waves in July 2006.", "2006 European heat wave __knowledge__ Before 1990 a heat wave occurred about once every 8 years, but during the last decade the country averages one heat wave per year.", "Hockey stick graph __knowledge__ Hockey stick graphs present the global or hemispherical mean temperature record of the past 500 to 2000 years as shown by quantitative climate reconstructions based on climate proxy records.", "Hockey stick graph __knowledge__ These reconstructions have consistently shown a slow long term cooling trend changing into relatively rapid warming in the 20th century, with the instrumental temperature record by 2000 exceeding earlier temperatures.", "Hockey stick graph __knowledge__ The term \"hockey stick graph\" was popularized by the climatologist Jerry Mahlman, to describe the pattern shown by the (MBH99) reconstruction, envisaging a graph that is relatively flat with a downward trend to 1900 as forming an ice hockey stick's \"shaft\" followed by a sharp, steady increase corresponding to the \"blade\" portion.", "Climate of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The United Kingdom straddles the higher mid-latitudes between 49° and 61° N. It is on the western seaboard of Afro-Eurasia, the world's largest land mass.", "Climate of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Since the UK is always in or close to the path of the polar front jet stream, frequent changes in pressure and unsettled weather are typical.", "Climate of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Many types of weather can be experienced in a single day.", "Climate of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ In general the climate of the UK is cool and often cloudy, and hot temperatures are infrequent.", "Climate of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The climate in the United Kingdom is defined as a temperate oceanic climate, or \"Cfb\" on the Köppen climate classification system, a classification it shares with most of north-west Europe.", "Maya Moore __knowledge__ Maya April Moore (born June 11, 1989) is an American professional basketball player for the Minnesota Lynx of the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA).", "Maya Moore __knowledge__ Naming her their inaugural Performer of the Year in 2017, \"Sports Illustrated\" called Moore the greatest winner in the history of women's basketball.", "Maya Moore __knowledge__ In high school, she was the National Gatorade Player of the Year, the Gatorade Female Athlete of the Year, and a McDonald's All-American.", "Maya Moore __knowledge__ She played forward for the UConn women's basketball team, and won back to back national championships in 2009 and 2010.", "Maya Moore __knowledge__ She was selected as the John Wooden Award winner in 2009 after leading Connecticut to the undefeated national championship.", "California Trail __knowledge__ The California Trail was an emigrant trail of about across the western half of the North American continent from Missouri River towns to what is now the state of California.", "California Trail __knowledge__ After it was established, the first half of the California Trail followed the same corridor of networked river valley trails as the Oregon Trail and the Mormon Trail, namely the valleys of the Platte, North Platte and Sweetwater rivers to Wyoming.", "California Trail __knowledge__ In the present states of Wyoming, Idaho, and Utah, the California and Oregon trails split into several different trails or cutoffs.", "California Trail __knowledge__ By 1847, two former fur trading frontier forts marked trailheads for major alternative routes through Utah and Wyoming to Northern California.", "Abenomics __knowledge__ The term \"Abenomics\" is a portmanteau of \"Abe\" and \"economics\", and follows previous political neologisms for economic policies linked to specific leaders, such as Reaganomics, Clintonomics and Rogernomics.", "Abenomics __knowledge__ The Japanese government raised consumption tax rates from 3% to 5% in 1997, which worsened the recession and deflated the economy.", "Abenomics __knowledge__ The government raised the consumption tax in 1997 for the purpose of balancing its budget, and then the government revenue decreased by 4.5 trillion yen because consumption stumbled.", "Abenomics __knowledge__ The country recorded a GDP growth rate of 3 percent in 1996, but after the tax hike the economy sank into recession.", "Hike Messenger __knowledge__ Hike Messenger (stylized as hike M E S S E N G E R) is a cross-platform instant messaging service for smartphones that use the internet for communication.", "Hike Messenger __knowledge__ In addition to text messaging, users can send each other graphical stickers, emoticons, images, videos, audios, files, voice messages, contacts and user location.", "Hike Messenger __knowledge__ Hike was launched on 12 December 2012 and raised its first round of funding of $7 million from Bharti SoftBank in April 2013.", "Hike Messenger __knowledge__ Hike is a joint venture between Bharti Enterprises and SoftBank.", "Hike Messenger __knowledge__ On 16 August 2016 Hike raised $175 million in a new round of funding led by Tencent & Foxconn.", "Gulf Hagas __knowledge__ Gulf Hagas is a gorge located in the mountains of central Maine and is often referred to as the Grand Canyon of the East.", "Gulf Hagas __knowledge__ The West Branch of the Pleasant River cuts through the earth for three miles creating a vertically walled slate gorge with numerous waterfalls.", "Gulf Hagas __knowledge__ A trail follows the rim of the canyon offering hikers views of the falls and its geology.", "Gulf Hagas __knowledge__ The gorge is long; the river drops in this distance boasting walls.", "Gulf Hagas __knowledge__ Gulf Hagas is one of 14 National Natural Landmarks in the State of Maine, and is open to the public for a fee during the regular season.", "Gulf Hagas __knowledge__ Gulf Hagas is part of the Appalachian Trail (AT) Corridor.", "East Coast Trail __knowledge__ Started in 1994, the East Coast Trail is a long-distance footpath located in the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador.", "East Coast Trail __knowledge__ It is over of developed trail that is made up of 26 wilderness paths and intersect more than 30 communities.", "East Coast Trail __knowledge__ It was named one of the best adventure destinations by National Geographic in 2012 and grows and improves every year.", "East Coast Trail __knowledge__ Maintained by the East Coast Trail Association and located primarily on public lands, the trail traces the east coast of Newfoundland along the Atlantic Ocean.", "East Coast Trail __knowledge__ The trail passes through many small coastal towns nested in the bays of the Avalon Peninsula.", "List of Maine locations by per capita income __knowledge__ Maine has the thirty-fourth highest per capita income in the United States of America.", "List of Maine locations by per capita income __knowledge__ In 2000, the state's average personal per capita income was $26,699 .", "List of Maine locations by per capita income __knowledge__ By 2003, that figure had risen to $29,851 .By 2011 it was $38,299 Note: Data is from the 2010 United States Census Data and the 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates.", "List of Maine locations by per capita income __knowledge__ 1 North Oxford, Maine $38,462 2 Cape Elizabeth, Maine $37,983 3 Falmouth, Maine $36,716 4 Kennebunkport, Maine $36,707 5 Falmouth Foreside, Maine $36,602 6 Yarmouth, Maine $34,317 7 Ogunquit, Maine $34,289 8 Cape Neddick, Maine $33,788 9 Cumberland, Maine $33,644 10 Southport, Maine $33,481 11 Seboomook Lake, Maine $32,578 12 Cumberland Center, Maine $32,043 13 York, Maine $30,895 14 Harpswell, Maine $30,433 15 Kittery Point, Maine $30,119 16 Bremen, Maine $29,869 17 Arrowsic, Maine $29,597 18 The Forks, Maine $29,362 19 York Harbor, Maine $29,016 20 South Bristol, Maine $28,233 21 Dennistown, Maine $28,085 22 Manchester, Maine $28,043 23 Freeport, Maine $27,724 24 Northwest Piscataquis, Maine $27,332 25 Pownal, Maine $26,691 26 Hampden, Maine $26,498 27 Scarborough, Maine $26,321 28 Kennebunk, Maine $26,181 29 Camden, Maine $26,126 30 Wayne, Maine $26,015 31 Mount Desert, Maine $25,709 32 Islesboro, Maine $25,653 33 Carrabassett Valley, Maine $25,608 34 Rockport, Maine $25,498 35 South Eliot, Maine $25,431 36 Raymond, Maine $25,193 37 North Yarmouth, Maine $25,180 38 Holden, Maine $25,047 39 Veazie, Maine $24,723 40 Georgetown, Maine $24,709 41 Edinburg, Maine $24,526 42 Eliot, Maine $24,403 43 Hope, Maine $24,385 44 Upton, Maine $24,320 45 Newcastle, Maine $24,289 46 Kittery, Maine $24,153 47 Bar Harbor, Maine $24,103 48 Cranberry Isles, Maine $23,873 49 Sorrento, Maine $23,791 50 Edgecomb, Maine $23,788 51 Damariscotta-Newcastle, Maine $23,697 52 Brooksville, Maine $23,565 53 Turner, Maine $23,439 54 Saint George, Maine $23,272 55 Damariscotta, Maine $23,146 56 Wells, Maine $23,130 57 Northfield, Maine $23,048 58 West Bath, Maine $23,022 59 Dedham, Maine $22,975 60 South Portland, Maine $22,781 61 Portland, Maine $22,698 62 Owls Head, Maine $22,660 63 Poland, Maine $22,346 64 Phippsburg, Maine $22,205 65 Greenwood, Maine $22,143 66 Gray, Maine $22,050 67 Boothbay, Maine $22,036 68 Newry, Maine $21,982 69 Nashville Plantation, Maine $21,917 70 Bristol, Maine $21,821 71 Brooklin, Maine $21,704 72 Westport, Maine $21,623 73 Lincolnville, Maine $21,621 74 Southwest Harbor, Maine $21,509 75 Smithfield, Maine $21,492 76 Hanover, Maine $21,458 77 Northport, Maine $21,438 78 Nobleboro, Maine $21,373 79 Rome, Maine $21,355 80 South Thomaston, Maine $21,303 81 Codyville Plantation, Maine $21,295 82 Vinalhaven, Maine $21,287 83 Denmark, Maine $21,227 84 Gorham, Maine $21,174 85 Boothbay Harbor, Maine $21,146 86 Trenton, Maine $21,140 87 Topsham, Maine $21,135 88 South Berwick, Maine $21,118 89 Bowdoinham, Maine $21,118 90 Woolwich, Maine $21,097 91 Frenchboro, Maine $21,050 92 Ellsworth, Maine $21,049 93 Bowerbank, Maine $20,946 94 Old Orchard Beach, Maine $20,929 95 Durham, Maine $20,883 96 Verona Island, Maine $20,714 97 Readfield, Maine $20,707 98 North Penobscot, Maine $20,657 99 Dayton, Maine $20,629 100 Monhegan, Maine $20,568 101 Arundel, Maine $20,538 102 Hallowell, Maine $20,457 103 Saco, Maine $20,444 104 Friendship, Maine $20,409 105 Belgrade, Maine $20,407 106 Otis, Maine $20,375 107 Byron, Maine $20,334 108 Brunswick, Maine $20,322 109 Jefferson, Maine $20,298 110 Cushing, Maine $20,264 111 Andover, Maine $20,253 112 Prospect, Maine $20,243 113 Lyman, Maine $20,203 114 Beddington, Maine $20,180 115 Buxton, Maine $20,179 116 Brewer, Maine $20,158 117 Castine, Maine $20,078 118 West Forks, Maine $20,042 119 Penobscot, Maine $20,035 120 Centerville, Maine $19,958 121 Auburn, Maine $19,942 122 Windham, Maine $19,890 123 Loring Air Force Base, Maine $19,888 124 West Gardiner, Maine $19,832 125 Sedgwick, Maine $19,772 126 Bingham, Maine $19,724 127 Hermon, Maine $19,714 128 Lamoine, Maine $19,712 129 Mount Vernon, Maine $19,668 130 North Windham, Maine $19,566 131 North Berwick, Maine $19,558 132 Orland, Maine $19,551 133 New Gloucester, Maine $19,527 134 Standish, Maine $19,504 135 Westbrook, Maine $19,501 136 Greene, Maine $19,452 137 Acton, Maine $19,447 138 Winthrop, Maine $19,447 139 South Oxford, Maine $19,425 140 Tremont, Maine $19,420 141 Oakland, Maine $19,406 142 Lake View Plantation, Maine $19,403 143 East Millinocket, Maine $19,343 144 Alfred, Maine $19,337 145 Shapleigh, Maine $19,331 146 Casco, Maine $19,306 147 Bangor, Maine $19,295 148 Orrington, Maine $19,290 149 Belfast, Maine $19,276 150 China, Maine $19,262 151 Chisholm, Maine $19,251 152 Surry, Maine $19,199 153 Blue Hill, Maine $19,189 154 Augusta, Maine $19,145 155 Otisfield, Maine $19,142 156 Lowell, Maine $19,137 157 Eddington, Maine $19,113 158 Bath, Maine $19,112 159 Hebron, Maine $19,086 160 Hollis, Maine $19,065 161 Pittston, Maine $19,059 162 Wyman, Maine $19,059 163 Rangeley, Maine $19,052 164 Newburgh, Maine $19,000 165 Sebago, Maine $18,995 166 Berwick, Maine $18,988 167 Dresden, Maine $18,886 168 Searsport, Maine $18,883 169 Limerick, Maine $18,844 170 Levant, Maine $18,671 171 Minot, Maine $18,668 172 Fryeburg, Maine $18,658 173 Dyer Brook, Maine $18,658 174 Roxbury, Maine $18,615 175 Madawaska, Maine $18,552 176 Sidney, Maine $18,530 177 Winslow, Maine $18,501 178 Farmingdale, Maine $18,494 179 Benton, Maine $18,464 180 Stockton Springs, Maine $18,370 181 Winterport, Maine $18,235 182 Wiscasset, Maine $18,223 183 Biddeford, Maine $18,214 184 Gouldsboro, Maine $18,203 185 Naples, Maine $18,176 186 East Hancock, Maine $18,156 187 Searsmont, Maine $18,118 188 Mercer, Maine $18,068 189 Stoneham, Maine $18,038 190 Gardiner, Maine $18,033 191 Bradley, Maine $18,009 192 Portage Lake, Maine $17,983 193 West Kennebunk, Maine $17,922 194 Lewiston, Maine $17,905 195 Fayette, Maine $17,903 196 Harrison, Maine $17,898 197 Richmond, Maine $17,896 198 Sandy River Plantation, Maine $17,874 199 Meddybemps, Maine $17,840 200 Litchfield, Maine $17,835 201 Palermo, Maine $17,827 202 Waterboro, Maine $17,813 203 Weld, Maine $17,796 204 Livermore, Maine $17,706 205 Wilton, Maine $17,702 206 Milford, Maine $17,649 207 Waite, Maine $17,618 208 Square Lake, Maine $17,595 209 Chelsea, Maine $17,591 210 Bucksport, Maine $17,587 211 Monmouth, Maine $17,551 212 Glenburn, Maine $17,544 213 South Sanford, Maine $17,515 214 Buckfield, Maine $17,503 215 Grand Lake Stream, Maine $17,502 216 Cornish, Maine $17,494 217 Bethel, Maine $17,458 218 Sabattus, Maine $17,451 219 Lincoln, Maine $17,376 220 Sumner, Maine $17,370 221 Dallas Plantation, Maine $17,370 222 Bridgton, Maine $17,352 223 Corinna, Maine $17,345 224 Alna, Maine $17,340 225 Hancock, Maine $17,339 226 Norridgewock, Maine $17,325 227 Caratunk, Maine $17,321 228 Mapleton, Maine $17,276 229 Lisbon, Maine $17,263 230 Bowdoin, Maine $17,260 231 Ripley, Maine $17,224 232 Woodland, Maine $17,220 233 Thomaston, Maine $17,199 234 Franklin, Maine $17,188 235 Millinocket, Maine $17,130 236 Frenchville, Maine $17,127 237 Jay, Maine $17,123 238 Waldoboro, Maine $17,117 239 North Haven, Maine $17,112 240 Limington, Maine $17,097 241 Lowell, Maine $17,089 242 Baileyville, Maine $17,087 243 Norway, Maine $17,020 244 Parsonsfield, Maine $16,968 245 Wales, Maine $16,963 246 Sanford, Maine $16,951 247 Springvale, Maine $16,930 248 East Central Penobscot, Maine $16,916 249 Temple, Maine $16,905 250 Deer Isle, Maine $16,875 251 Northwest Aroostook, Maine $16,872 252 Lee, Maine $16,857 253 Lisbon Falls, Maine $16,838 254 Talmadge, Maine $16,816 255 Windsor, Maine $16,746 256 Rumford, Maine $16,701 257 Woodstock, Maine $16,698 258 Madison, Maine $16,698 259 Rockland, Maine $16,659 260 Greenville, Maine $16,638 261 Lake Arrowhead, Maine $16,588 262 Amherst, Maine $16,548 263 Magalloway Plantation, Maine $16,546 264 Appleton, Maine $16,484 265 Corinth, Maine $16,460 266 Whitefield, Maine $16,456 267 South Franklin, Maine $16,453 268 Milton, Maine $16,450 269 Paris, Maine $16,441 270 Waterville, Maine $16,430 271 Waterford, Maine $16,416 272 Fort Kent, Maine $16,403 273 Peru, Maine $16,383 274 Clifton, Maine $16,380 275 Fairfield, Maine $16,335 276 Hartford, Maine $16,326 277 Mexico, Maine $16,322 278 Hiram, Maine $16,293 279 Vassalboro, Maine $16,281 280 Newfield, Maine $16,280 281 Union, Maine $16,240 282 Great Pond, Maine $16,207 283 Liberty, Maine $16,201 284 Cornville, Maine $16,184 285 Calais, Maine $16,135 286 Old Town, Maine $16,100 287 Pittsfield, Maine $16,065 288 Caribou, Maine $16,061 289 Brownfield, Maine $16,037 290 Chapman, Maine $16,008 291 Abbot, Maine $16,001 292 Vienna, Maine $15,987 293 Marshfield, Maine $15,969 294 Kingfield, Maine $15,954 295 Addison, Maine $15,951 296 Livermore Falls, Maine $15,935 297 Somerville, Maine $15,906 298 Hudson, Maine $15,850 299 Dixmont, Maine $15,826 300 Kenduskeag, Maine $15,815 301 Passadumkeag, Maine $15,812 302 Enfield, Maine $15,799 303 Jackman, Maine $15,763 304 Randolph, Maine $15,742 305 Porter, Maine $15,721 306 Presque Isle, Maine $15,712 307 New Sharon, Maine $15,690 308 Baldwin, Maine $15,689 309 North Washington, Maine $15,687 310 Dixfield, Maine $15,684 311 North Franklin, Maine $15,670 312 Warren, Maine $15,655 313 Northeast Piscataquis, Maine $15,643 314 Stonington, Maine $15,634 315 Roque Bluffs, Maine $15,610 316 Leeds, Maine $15,602 317 Carmel, Maine $15,597 318 Morrill, Maine $15,596 319 Avon, Maine $15,573 320 Skowhegan, Maine $15,543 321 Matinicus Isle, Maine $15,537 322 St. Agatha, Maine $15,535 323 Bridgewater, Maine $15,534 324 Plymouth, Maine $15,533 325 Jackson, Maine $15,525 326 Lebanon, Maine $15,503 327 Freedom, Maine $15,492 328 Woodville, Maine $15,491 329 Washington, Maine $15,488 330 South Paris, Maine $15,486 331 Oxford, Maine $15,480 332 Howland, Maine $15,466 333 Garfield Plantation, Maine $15,455 334 Winter Harbor, Maine $15,438 335 New Canada, Maine $15,415 336 East Central Franklin, Maine $15,403 337 Mechanic Falls, Maine $15,383 338 Chesterville, Maine $15,376 339 Ashland, Maine $15,328 340 Newport, Maine $15,312 341 Albion, Maine $15,285 342 Long Island, Maine $15,278 343 New Vineyard, Maine $15,268 344 Medway, Maine $15,264 345 Drew Plantation, Maine $15,249 346 Oxbow, Maine $15,247 347 Stockholm, Maine $15,246 348 Easton, Maine $15,227 349 Monroe, Maine $15,200 350 Cary Plantation, Maine $15,172 351 Northwest Somerset, Maine $15,161 352 Island Falls, Maine $15,132 353 Stow, Maine $15,122 354 Unity, Maine $15,086 355 Clinton, Maine $15,052 356 Unity (CDP), Maine $15,043 357 Washburn, Maine $15,018 358 Moro Plantation, Maine $15,010 359 Sweden, Maine $14,991 360 Alexander, Maine $14,943 361 Belmont, Maine $14,942 362 New Limerick, Maine $14,940 363 Eastport, Maine $14,864 364 Charleston, Maine $14,832 365 Sullivan, Maine $14,814 366 Orono, Maine $14,813 367 Robbinston, Maine $14,801 368 Winn, Maine $14,792 369 Brownville, Maine $14,774 370 Exeter, Maine $14,772 371 Fort Fairfield, Maine $14,757 372 Atkinson, Maine $14,755 373 Lincoln, Maine $14,730 374 Columbia Falls, Maine $14,723 375 Lakeville, Maine $14,723 376 Masardis, Maine $14,716 377 Seboeis Plantation, Maine $14,703 378 Brunswick Station, Maine $14,681 379 Central Aroostook, Maine $14,680 380 Castle Hill, Maine $14,645 381 Etna, Maine $14,633 382 Chester, Maine $14,600 383 New Portland, Maine $14,596 384 Embden, Maine $14,588 385 Hodgdon, Maine $14,573 386 Dover-Foxcroft, Maine $14,544 387 Columbia, Maine $14,537 388 New Sweden, Maine $14,534 389 Frankfort, Maine $14,524 390 Sherman, Maine $14,524 391 Northeast Somerset, Maine $14,520 392 Swans Island, Maine $14,515 393 Wade, Maine $14,501 394 Shirley, Maine $14,487 395 Swanville, Maine $14,483 396 Knox, Maine $14,468 397 Topsfield, Maine $14,456 398 Princeton, Maine $14,449 399 Brooks, Maine $14,446 400 Jonesboro, Maine $14,418 401 Industry, Maine $14,403 402 Patten, Maine $14,384 403 Little Falls-South Windham, Maine $14,377 404 Winterville Plantation, Maine $14,376 405 Argyle, Maine $14,359 406 Cooper, Maine $14,353 407 Crystal, Maine $14,338 408 Eagle Lake, Maine $14,315 409 Guilford, Maine $14,303 410 Carroll Plantation, Maine $14,294 411 Perry, Maine $14,285 412 Brighton Plantation, Maine $14,281 413 Mars Hill-Blaine, Maine $14,264 414 Strong, Maine $14,232 415 Willimantic, Maine $14,206 416 Alton, Maine $14,204 417 Dexter, Maine $14,197 418 Jonesport, Maine $14,135 419 Montville, Maine $14,112 420 West Paris, Maine $14,093 421 Baring Plantation, Maine $14,083 422 Canton, Maine $14,065 423 Monson, Maine $14,044 424 Woodland, Maine $14,034 425 Burnham, Maine $14,030 426 Waldo, Maine $14,030 427 Troy, Maine $14,027 428 Houlton, Maine $14,007 429 Eastbrook, Maine $13,988 430 Sangerville, Maine $13,984 431 Farmington, Maine $13,982 432 Detroit, Maine $13,937 433 Mariaville, Maine $13,931 434 Machias, Maine $13,902 435 Pleasant Ridge Plantation, Maine $13,878 436 Canaan, Maine $13,870 437 Crawford, Maine $13,864 438 Bradford, Maine $13,853 439 Phillips, Maine $13,840 440 Wallagrass, Maine $13,802 441 Athens, Maine $13,786 442 Solon, Maine $13,777 443 Whiting, Maine $13,771 444 Starks, Maine $13,764 445 Lagrange, Maine $13,743 446 Machiasport, Maine $13,727 447 South Aroostook, Maine $13,718 448 Palmyra, Maine $13,717 449 Penobscot Indian Island Reservation, Maine $13,704 450 Moose River, Maine $13,644 451 Mars Hill, Maine $13,630 452 Hartland, Maine $13,629 453 Stetson, Maine $13,626 454 Central Somerset, Maine $13,605 455 Hamlin, Maine $13,600 456 Greenbush, Maine $13,592 457 Vanceboro, Maine $13,580 458 Littleton, Maine $13,579 459 Westmanland, Maine $13,551 460 Westfield, Maine $13,533 461 Limestone, Maine $13,502 462 St. Francis, Maine $13,496 463 Sebec, Maine $13,495 464 Coplin Plantation, Maine $13,490 465 Gilead, Maine $13,489 466 Amity, Maine $13,484 467 Waltham, Maine $13,467 468 Grand Isle, Maine $13,346 469 Dennysville, Maine $13,336 470 Charlotte, Maine $13,283 471 Eustis, Maine $13,274 472 East Machias, Maine $13,254 473 St. Albans, Maine $13,238 474 Harrington, Maine $13,224 475 Saint John Plantation, Maine $13,212 476 Cutler, Maine $13,170 477 Beals, Maine $13,133 478 Caswell, Maine $13,118 479 Whitneyville, Maine $13,115 480 Cherryfield, Maine $13,111 481 Moscow, Maine $13,099 482 Thorndike, Maine $13,090 483 Lubec, Maine $13,081 484 Blaine, Maine $12,980 485 Oakfield, Maine $12,951 486 Mount Chase, Maine $12,930 487 East Central Washington, Maine $12,882 488 Connor, Maine $12,748 489 Milo, Maine $12,732 490 Anson, Maine $12,691 491 Van Buren, Maine $12,651 492 Cambridge, Maine $12,624 493 Garland, Maine $12,624 494 Medford, Maine $12,609 495 Mattawamkeag, Maine $12,573 496 Blanchard, Maine $12,571 497 Linneus, Maine $12,535 498 Monticello, Maine $12,489 499 Pembroke, Maine $12,382 500 Harmony, Maine $12,360 501 Central Hancock, Maine $12,286 502 Madrid, Maine $12,192 503 Osborn, Maine $12,173 504 Carthage, Maine $12,169 505 Steuben, Maine $12,162 506 Orient, Maine $12,131 507 Ludlow, Maine $12,130 508 Springfield, Maine $12,082 509 Milbridge, Maine $11,996 510 Allagash, Maine $11,968 511 Parkman, Maine $11,965 512 Hammond, Maine $11,957 513 Stacyville, Maine $11,951 514 Southeast Piscataquis, Maine $11,940 515 Deblois, Maine $11,814 516 Aurora, Maine $11,794 517 Beaver Cove, Maine $11,751 518 Smyrna, Maine $11,751 519 Isle au Haut, Maine $11,723 520 Perham, Maine $11,721 521 Burlington, Maine $11,573 522 Maxfield, Maine $11,573 523 Merrill, Maine $11,532 524 Weston, Maine $11,493 525 Kingman, Maine $11,490 526 Wesley, Maine $11,314 527 Wellington, Maine $11,216 528 Haynesville, Maine $11,200 529 Danforth, Maine $11,079 530 Cyr Plantation, Maine $10,836 531 Passamaquoddy Indian Township Reservation, Maine $10,808 532 Macwahoc Plantation, Maine $10,787 533 Reed Plantation, Maine $10,155 534 Highland Plantation, Maine $10,038 535 Bancroft, Maine $9,760 536 Unity, Kennebec County, Maine $9,500 537 Hersey, Maine $9,425 538 Passamaquoddy Pleasant Point Reservation, Maine $9,096 539 Prentiss, Maine $8,809 540 Webster Plantation, Maine $8,385 ", "Appalachian Trail by state __knowledge__ The Appalachian National Scenic Trail spans fourteen U.S. states during its journey that is long, including Georgia, North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, New York, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Vermont, New Hampshire, and Maine.", "Appalachian Trail by state __knowledge__ It begins at Springer Mountain, Georgia, and follows the ridgeline of the Appalachian Mountains, crossing many of its highest peaks and running with only a few exceptions almost continuously through wilderness before ending at Mount Katahdin, Maine.", "Appalachian Trail by state __knowledge__ The trail is currently protected along more than 99% of its course by federal or state land ownership or right-of-way." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The Appalachian National Scenic Trail, generally known as the Appalachian Trail or simply the A.T., is a marked hiking trail in the Eastern United States extending between Springer Mountain in Georgia and Mount Katahdin in Maine.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The trail is estimated around 2,200 miles (3,500 km) long, though the exact length changes over time as parts are modified or rerouted.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The Appalachian Trail Conservancy claims that the Appalachian Trail is the longest hiking-only trail in the world.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ More than 2 million people are said to take a hike on part of the trail at least once each year.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The idea of the Appalachian Trail came about in 1921.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The trail itself was completed in 1937 after more than a decade of work, although improvements and changes continue.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ It is maintained by 31 trail clubs and multiple partnerships, and managed by the National Park Service, United States Forest Service, and the nonprofit Appalachian Trail Conservancy.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The majority of the trail is in forest or wild lands, although some portions traverse towns, roads and farms.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ It passes through 14 states: Georgia, North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, New York, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Vermont, New Hampshire, and Maine.", "Lonely Planet __knowledge__ Lonely Planet is the largest travel guide book publisher in the world.", "Lonely Planet __knowledge__ The company is owned by American billionaire Brad Kelley's NC2 Media, which bought it in 2013 from BBC Worldwide for US$77 million (the equivalent of £45.5 million in May 2014) after it was valued at US$250 million in 2008.", "Lonely Planet __knowledge__ Originally called \"Lonely Planet Publications\", the company changed its name to \"Lonely Planet\" in July 2009 to reflect its broad travel industry coverage and an emphasis on digital products.", "Lonely Planet __knowledge__ After the \"Let's Go\" travel guide series that was founded in 1960, and the BIT Guides from 1970, the Lonely Planet books were the third series of travel books aimed at backpackers and other low-cost travellers.", "Colorado River __knowledge__ The Colorado River is one of the principal rivers of the Southwestern United States and northern Mexico (the other being the Rio Grande).", "Colorado River __knowledge__ The river drains an expansive, arid watershed that encompasses parts of seven U.S. and two Mexican states.", "Colorado River __knowledge__ Starting in the central Rocky Mountains in the U.S., the river flows generally southwest across the Colorado Plateau and through the Grand Canyon before reaching Lake Mead on the Arizona–Nevada border, where it turns south toward the international border.", "Colorado River __knowledge__ After entering Mexico, the Colorado approaches the mostly dry Colorado River Delta at the tip of the Gulf of California between Baja California and Sonora.", "Richmond, California __knowledge__ Richmond ( ) is a city in western Contra Costa County, California, United States.", "Richmond, California __knowledge__ The city was incorporated on August 7, 1905.", "Richmond, California __knowledge__ Located in the East Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area, Richmond borders the cities of San Pablo, Albany, El Cerrito and Pinole in addition to the unincorporated communities of North Richmond, Hasford Heights, Kensington, El Sobrante, Bayview-Montalvin Manor, Tara Hills, and East Richmond Heights, and for a short distance San Francisco on Red Rock Island in the San Francisco Bay.", "Richmond, California __knowledge__ Richmond is one of two cities, the other being San Rafael, California, that sits on the shores of San Francisco Bay and San Pablo Bay simultaneously.", "Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act __knowledge__ The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, often shortened to the Affordable Care Act (ACA) or nicknamed Obamacare, is a United States federal statute enacted by the 111th United States Congress and signed into law by President Barack Obama on March 23, 2010.", "Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act __knowledge__ The term \"Obamacare\" was first used by opponents, then reappropriated by supporters, and eventually used by President Obama himself.", "Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act __knowledge__ Together with the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 amendment, it represents the U.S. healthcare system's most significant regulatory overhaul and expansion of coverage since the passage of Medicare and Medicaid in 1965.", "United States __knowledge__ The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions.", "United States __knowledge__ At 3.8 million square miles (9.8 million km) and with over 325 million people, the United States is the world's third- or fourth-largest country by total area and the third-most populous.", "United States __knowledge__ The capital is Washington, D.C., and the largest city by population is New York City.", "United States __knowledge__ Forty-eight states and the capital's federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico.", "California Trail __knowledge__ The California Trail was an emigrant trail of about across the western half of the North American continent from Missouri River towns to what is now the state of California.", "California Trail __knowledge__ After it was established, the first half of the California Trail followed the same corridor of networked river valley trails as the Oregon Trail and the Mormon Trail, namely the valleys of the Platte, North Platte and Sweetwater rivers to Wyoming.", "California Trail __knowledge__ In the present states of Wyoming, Idaho, and Utah, the California and Oregon trails split into several different trails or cutoffs.", "California Trail __knowledge__ By 1847, two former fur trading frontier forts marked trailheads for major alternative routes through Utah and Wyoming to Northern California.", "Hiking in Chile __knowledge__ Hiking in Chile is characterized by a wide range of environments and climates for hikers, which largely results from Chile's unusual, ribbon-like shape, which is 4,300 kilometres (2,700 miles) long and on average 175 kilometres (109 miles) wide.", "Hiking in Chile __knowledge__ These range from the world's driest desert, the Atacama, in the north, through a Mediterranean climate in the center, to the glaciers, fjords and lakes of Patagonia in the south.", "Hiking in Chile __knowledge__ The longest hiking trail in Chile is the informal 3,000 km (1,850 mi) Greater Patagonian Trail that was created by a non-governmental initiative.", "Hiking in Chile __knowledge__ The Sendero de Chile (“Chilean Trail”) project was launched in the year 2000 by the Chilean government to celebrate the country’s 2010 bicentenary of independence from Spain.", "Duluth, Minnesota __knowledge__ Duluth is a major port city in the U.S. state of Minnesota and the county seat of Saint Louis County.", "Duluth, Minnesota __knowledge__ Duluth has a population of 86,293 and is the second-largest city on Lake Superior's shores, after Thunder Bay, Ontario, in Canada; it has the largest metropolitan area on the lake.", "Duluth, Minnesota __knowledge__ The Duluth MSA had a population of 279,771 in 2010, the second-largest in Minnesota.", "Duluth, Minnesota __knowledge__ Situated on the north shore of Lake Superior at the westernmost point of the Great Lakes, Duluth is accessible to oceangoing vessels from the Atlantic Ocean away via the Great Lakes Waterway and the Saint Lawrence Seaway.", "Duluth, Minnesota __knowledge__ Duluth forms a metropolitan area with neighboring Superior, Wisconsin, called the Twin Ports.", "Toro Negro State Forest __knowledge__ Toro Negro State Forest (Spanish: \"Bosque Estatal de Toro Negro\") is one of the 21 forests that make up the public forests system in Puerto Rico.", "Toro Negro State Forest __knowledge__ It is also Puerto Rico's highest cloud forest.", "Toro Negro State Forest __knowledge__ It is located in the Cordillera Central region of the island and covers , of mountains.", "Toro Negro State Forest __knowledge__ Toro Negro's mountains have heights reaching up to and include Cerro de Punta, Cerro Jayuya and Cerro Rosa, the three highest peaks in the island.", "Toro Negro State Forest __knowledge__ Nested among these mountains is Lake Guineo, the island's highest lake.", "Toro Negro State Forest __knowledge__ The forest has of trails, an observation tower, two natural swimming pools (Spanish:\"\"charcos\"\"), camping and picnic areas, nine rivers, and numerous creeks and waterfalls.", "Long Path __knowledge__ The Long Path is a long-distance hiking trail beginning at the George Washington Bridge in Fort Lee, New Jersey and ending at Altamont, New York, in the Albany area.", "Long Path __knowledge__ While not yet a continuous trail, relying on road walks in some areas, it nevertheless takes in many of the popular hiking attractions west of the Hudson River, such as the New Jersey Palisades, Harriman State Park, the Shawangunk Ridge and the Catskill Mountains.", "Long Path __knowledge__ It offers hikers a diversity of environments to pass through, from suburbia and sea-level salt marshes along the Hudson to wilderness and boreal forest on Catskill summits in elevation.", "Pacific Crest Trail __knowledge__ The Pacific Crest Trail (commonly abbreviated as the PCT, and officially designated as the Pacific Crest National Scenic Trail) is a long-distance hiking and equestrian trail closely aligned with the highest portion of the Sierra Nevada and Cascade mountain ranges, which lie east of the U.S. Pacific coast.", "Pacific Crest Trail __knowledge__ The trail's southern terminus is on the U.S. border with Mexico, just south of Campo, California, and its northern terminus on the Canada–US border on the edge of Manning Park in British Columbia; its corridor through the U.S. is in the states of California, Oregon, and Washington.", "Pacific Crest Trail __knowledge__ The Pacific Crest Trail is long and ranges in elevation from just above sea level at the Oregon–Washington border to at Forester Pass in the Sierra Nevada.", "Knobstone Trail __knowledge__ The Knobstone Trail is the longest hiking trail in Indiana.", "Knobstone Trail __knowledge__ Its southern terminus is about north of Louisville, Kentucky in the Deam Lake State Recreation Area.", "Knobstone Trail __knowledge__ It currently ends at Delaney Creek Park near Salem, Indiana.", "Knobstone Trail __knowledge__ However, there are plans to eventually extend the trail another north to Martinsville, Indiana.", "Knobstone Trail __knowledge__ Most of the trail lies within Clark State Forest.", "Knobstone Trail __knowledge__ As it lies along the Knobstone Escarpment, it is a difficult hike, which is why many use the Knobstone Trail to prepare for hiking the Appalachian Trail.", "Knobstone Trail __knowledge__ The trail was first established in 1980, and was only long.", "Knobstone Trail __knowledge__ It now runs , mostly through public forest." ] ]

[ 2, 1, 1, 3, 8 ]

[ "I had a friend that hiked part of it with his son a few years back. I realized that the entire thing is like 2200 miles long!", "I understand it goes all the way from Maine to Georgia. Which part of it do you hike?", "That would be crazy - do you hike it in Georgia or Maine?", "It claims to be the longest hiking-only trail in the world. I would imagine there is a danger aspect as well though.", "That is a lot of people! With the majority of it in forest and wild lands, I would be concerned about getting help if you needed it." ]

[ "Appalachian Trail", "Appalachian Trail", "Appalachian Trail", "Appalachian Trail", "Appalachian Trail" ]

[ "Pizza", "Where did pizza originate?", "What country was home to the first modern pizza?", "Is that why Italy is often associated with the food?", "Not to mention similar type of meat and fish." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The history of pizza begins in antiquity, when various ancient cultures produced flatbreads with toppings.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The precursor of pizza was probably the focaccia, a flat bread known to the Romans as \"panis focacius\", to which toppings were then added.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza developed in Naples, when tomato was added to the focaccia in the late 18th century.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The word \"pizza\" was first documented in AD 997 in Gaeta and successively in different parts of Central and Southern Italy.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Pizza was mainly eaten in the country of Italy and by emigrants from there.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ This changed after World War II, when Allied troops stationed in Italy came to enjoy pizza along with other Italian foods.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut is an American restaurant chain and international franchise founded in 1958 by Dan and Frank Carney.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ The company is known for its Italian-American cuisine menu including pizza and pasta, as well as side dishes and desserts.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut has over 16,000 locations worldwide as of 2015.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ It is a subsidiary of Yum!", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Brands, Inc., one of the world's largest restaurant companies.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut was founded in June 1958 by two Wichita State University students, brothers Dan and Frank Carney, as a single location in Wichita, Kansas.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ PepsiCo acquired Pizza Hut in November 1977.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Before closing in 2015, the oldest continuously operating Pizza Hut was in Manhattan, Kansas, in a shopping and tavern district known as Aggieville near Kansas State University.", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is a service in which a pizzeria or pizza chain delivers a pizza to a customer.", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ An order is typically made either by telephone or over the internet to the pizza chain, in which the customer can request pizza type, size and other products alongside the pizza, commonly including soft drinks.", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ Pizzas may be delivered in pizza boxes or delivery bags, and deliveries are made with either an automobile, motorized scooter, or bicycle.", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ Customers can, depending on the pizza chain, choose to pay online, or in person, with cash, credit or a debit card.", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ A delivery fee is often charged with what the customer has bought.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ The pizza box or pizza package is a folding box made of cardboard in which hot pizzas are stored in for takeaway.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ The \"pizza box\" also makes home delivery and takeaway substantially easier.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ The pizza box has to be highly resistant, cheap, stackable, thermally insulated to regulate humidity and suitable for food transportation.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ In addition, it provides space for advertising.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ The pizza packages differ from those of frozen pizzas, which contain the frozen product in heat-sealed plastic foils as is the case with much frozen food.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ Containers to deliver freshly baked pizzas have existed at least since the 19th century, when Neapolitan pizza bakers put their products in multi-layered metallic containers known as \"stufe\" (singular \"stufa\", \"oven\") and then sent them to the street sellers.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ Uruguayan cuisine is a fusion of cuisines of several European countries, with a particular emphasis on Mediterranean food from Spain, Italy, Portugal and France.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ Other possible influences on the cuisine may result from immigration from countries such as Germany and Britain.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ The food is very similar to Argentine cuisine.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ The base of the country's diet is meat and animal products, mostly coming from beef but also chicken, lamb, pig and sometimes fish.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ Uruguayan gastronomy came from immigration, and did not come from the Amerindians, because the new colonies did not trust the natives.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ The preferred cooking methods for meats and vegetables are still boiling and roasting, but with modernization also came frying (see milanesas and chivitos).", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Sausage __knowledge__ A sausage is a cylindrical meat product usually made from ground meat, often pork, beef, or veal, along with salt, spices and other flavourings, and breadcrumbs, encased by a skin.", "Sausage __knowledge__ Typically, a sausage is formed in a casing traditionally made from intestine, but sometimes from synthetic materials.", "Sausage __knowledge__ Sausages that are sold raw are cooked in many ways, including pan-frying, broiling and barbecuing.", "Sausage __knowledge__ Some sausages are cooked during processing and the casing may then be removed.", "Sausage __knowledge__ Sausage making is a traditional food preservation technique.", "Sausage __knowledge__ Sausages may be preserved by curing, drying (often in association with fermentation or culturing, which can contribute to preservation), smoking, or freezing.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Midwestern cuisine is a regional cuisine of the American Midwest.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ It draws its culinary roots most significantly from the cuisines of Central, Northern and Eastern Europe, and Native North America, and is influenced by regionally and locally grown foodstuffs and cultural diversity.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Everyday Midwestern home cooking generally showcases simple and hearty dishes that make use of the abundance of locally grown foods.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Its culinary profiles may seem synonymous with \"American food.\"", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Quoted in a 2007 interview with the \"Daily Herald\", Chef Stephen Langlois, a pioneer in the Midwestern local food movement, described it: \"Think of Thanksgiving dinner.", "Chinese cuisine __knowledge__ Chinese cuisine is an important part of Chinese culture, which includes cuisine originating from the diverse regions of China, as well as from Chinese people in other parts of the world.", "Chinese cuisine __knowledge__ Because of the Chinese diaspora and historical power of the country, Chinese cuisine has influenced many other cuisines in Asia, with modifications made to cater to local palates.", "Chinese cuisine __knowledge__ The preference for seasoning and cooking techniques of Chinese provinces depend on differences in historical background and ethnic groups.", "Chinese cuisine __knowledge__ Geographic features including mountains, rivers, forests and deserts also have a strong effect on the local available ingredients, considering climate of China varies from tropical in the south to subarctic in the northeast.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The history of pizza begins in antiquity, when various ancient cultures produced flatbreads with toppings.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The precursor of pizza was probably the focaccia, a flat bread known to the Romans as \"panis focacius\", to which toppings were then added.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza developed in Naples, when tomato was added to the focaccia in the late 18th century.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The word \"pizza\" was first documented in AD 997 in Gaeta and successively in different parts of Central and Southern Italy.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Pizza was mainly eaten in the country of Italy and by emigrants from there.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ This changed after World War II, when Allied troops stationed in Italy came to enjoy pizza along with other Italian foods.", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is a service in which a pizzeria or pizza chain delivers a pizza to a customer.", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ An order is typically made either by telephone or over the internet to the pizza chain, in which the customer can request pizza type, size and other products alongside the pizza, commonly including soft drinks.", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ Pizzas may be delivered in pizza boxes or delivery bags, and deliveries are made with either an automobile, motorized scooter, or bicycle.", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ Customers can, depending on the pizza chain, choose to pay online, or in person, with cash, credit or a debit card.", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ A delivery fee is often charged with what the customer has bought.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "Raffaele Esposito __knowledge__ Raffaele Esposito was the Italian owner of a tavern called Pizzeria di Pietro e Basta Cosi in the Nineteenth century, and is considered by some to be the father of modern pizza.", "Raffaele Esposito __knowledge__ In 1889, pizza had not yet become a popular or well-known dish, and was typically eaten by poor people as a way to use up various ingredients that would otherwise go to waste.", "Raffaele Esposito __knowledge__ At that time, Esposito was considered the premier pizza-maker in the city of Naples.", "Raffaele Esposito __knowledge__ Esposito was therefore requested to prepare a pizza for Queen Margherita of Savoy, who had traveled to Naples with King Umberto I. Esposito and his wife were admitted to the royal kitchens to prepare this dish as he saw fit.", "Laura Crispini __knowledge__ Laura Crispini is an Italian geologist and an Antarctic researcher.", "Laura Crispini __knowledge__ Her areas of expertise are for the Tectonics, Geodynamics and Geological Mapping including the Geology of Antarctica.", "Laura Crispini __knowledge__ She has been nominated among 150 International representative of female Antarctic researchers for the SCAR \"Celebration of Women in Antarctic Research\" wikibomb event.", "Laura Crispini __knowledge__ At present she is Professor at the University of Genoa at the Department for Earth Sciences, Envinronment and life (DISTAV). Laura Crispini received her master's degree in Geology (1990) University of Genoa, and obtained her PhD in Earth Sciences in 1995 while spending a training period in Structural Geology at the ETH Zurich.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut is an American restaurant chain and international franchise founded in 1958 by Dan and Frank Carney.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ The company is known for its Italian-American cuisine menu including pizza and pasta, as well as side dishes and desserts.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut has over 16,000 locations worldwide as of 2015.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ It is a subsidiary of Yum!", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Brands, Inc., one of the world's largest restaurant companies.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut was founded in June 1958 by two Wichita State University students, brothers Dan and Frank Carney, as a single location in Wichita, Kansas.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ PepsiCo acquired Pizza Hut in November 1977.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Before closing in 2015, the oldest continuously operating Pizza Hut was in Manhattan, Kansas, in a shopping and tavern district known as Aggieville near Kansas State University.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ Chicago-style pizza refers to several different styles of pizza developed in Chicago.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ Arguably, the most famous of these is known as deep-dish pizza.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ The pan in which it is baked gives the pizza its characteristically high edge which gives a lot of space for large amounts of cheese and a chunky tomato sauce.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ Chicago-style pizza may be prepared in deep-dish style and as a stuffed pizza.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ According to Tim Samuelson, Chicago's official cultural historian, there is not enough documentation to determine with certainty who invented Chicago-style deep-dish pizza.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ It is often reported that Chicago-style deep-dish pizza was invented at Pizzeria Uno in Chicago, in 1943, by Uno's founder Ike Sewell, a former University of Texas football star.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Pancake __knowledge__ A pancake (or hotcake, griddlecake, or flapjack) is a flat cake, often thin and round, prepared from a starch-based batter that may contain eggs, milk and butter and cooked on a hot surface such as a griddle or frying pan, often frying with oil or butter.", "Pancake __knowledge__ In Britain, pancakes are often unleavened and resemble a crêpe.", "Pancake __knowledge__ In North America, a leavening agent is used (typically baking powder).", "Pancake __knowledge__ American pancakes are similar to Scotch pancakes or drop scones.", "Pancake __knowledge__ Archaeological evidence suggests that pancakes were probably the earliest and most widespread cereal food eaten in prehistoric societies.", "Pancake __knowledge__ The pancake's shape and structure varies worldwide." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Famine __knowledge__ A famine is a widespread scarcity of food, caused by several factors including war, inflation, crop failure, population imbalance, or government policies.", "Famine __knowledge__ This phenomenon is usually accompanied or followed by regional malnutrition, starvation, epidemic, and increased mortality.", "Famine __knowledge__ Every inhabited continent in the world has experienced a period of famine throughout history.", "Famine __knowledge__ In the 19th and 20th century, it was generally Southeast and South Asia, as well as Eastern and Central Europe that suffered the most deaths from famine.", "Famine __knowledge__ The numbers dying from famine began to fall sharply from the 1970s.", "Famine __knowledge__ Some countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, continue to have extreme cases of famine.", "Nutritional neuroscience __knowledge__ Nutritional neuroscience is the scientific discipline that studies the effects various components of the diet such as minerals, vitamins, protein, carbohydrates, fats, dietary supplements, synthetic hormones, and food additives have on neurochemistry, neurobiology, behavior, and cognition.", "Nutritional neuroscience __knowledge__ Recent research on nutritional mechanisms and their effect on the brain show they are involved in almost every facet of neurological functioning including alterations in neurogenesis, neurotrophic factors, neural pathways and neuroplasticity, throughout the life cycle.", "Nutritional neuroscience __knowledge__ Relatively speaking, the brain consumes an immense amount of energy in comparison to the rest of the body.", "White __knowledge__ White is the lightest color and is achromatic (having no hue), because it fully reflects and scatters all the visible wavelengths of light.", "White __knowledge__ It is the color of fresh snow, chalk and milk, and is the opposite of black.", "White __knowledge__ In ancient Egypt and ancient Rome, priestesses wore white as a symbol of purity, and Romans wore a white toga as a symbol of citizenship.", "White __knowledge__ In the Middle Ages and Renaissance a white unicorn symbolized chastity, and a white lamb sacrifice and purity.", "White __knowledge__ It was the royal color of the Kings of France, and of the monarchist movement that opposed the Bolsheviks during the Russian Civil War (1917–1922).", "Castle __knowledge__ A castle (from ) is a type of fortified structure built in Europe and the Middle East during the Middle Ages by European nobility.", "Castle __knowledge__ Scholars debate the scope of the word \"castle\", but usually consider it to be the private fortified residence of a lord or noble.", "Castle __knowledge__ This is distinct from a palace, which is not fortified; from a fortress, which was not always a residence for nobility; and from a fortified settlement, which was a public defence – though there are many similarities among these types of construction.", "Castle __knowledge__ Usage of the term has varied over time and has been applied to structures as diverse as hill forts and country houses.", "Culture of Italy __knowledge__ Italy is considered the birthplace of Western civilization and a cultural superpower.", "Culture of Italy __knowledge__ Italy has been the starting point of phenomena of international impact such as the Magna Graecia, the Roman Empire, the Roman Catholic Church, the Renaissance, the Risorgimento and the European integration.", "Culture of Italy __knowledge__ During its history, the nation gave birth to an enormous number of notable people.", "Culture of Italy __knowledge__ Both the internal and external faces of Western culture were born on the Italian peninsula, whether one looks at the history of the Christian faith, civil institutions (such as the Senate), philosophy, law, art, science, or social customs and culture.", "Nutrition and cognition __knowledge__ Food is conventionally regarded as a means to provide energy and building material within the body.", "Nutrition and cognition __knowledge__ Recently, the ability of food to prevent and protect against diseases has started to become recognized, mainly in relation to the effects of nutrients on molecular processes within the body.", "Nutrition and cognition __knowledge__ Certain cells require particular nutrients to play specific roles in order to function properly, and neurons are not exempt from this.", "Nutrition and cognition __knowledge__ Relatively speaking, the brain consumes an immense amount of energy in comparison to the rest of the body.", "Nutrition and cognition __knowledge__ The mechanisms involved in the transfer of energy from foods to neurons are likely to be fundamental to the control of brain function.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The history of pizza begins in antiquity, when various ancient cultures produced flatbreads with toppings.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The precursor of pizza was probably the focaccia, a flat bread known to the Romans as \"panis focacius\", to which toppings were then added.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza developed in Naples, when tomato was added to the focaccia in the late 18th century.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The word \"pizza\" was first documented in AD 997 in Gaeta and successively in different parts of Central and Southern Italy.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Pizza was mainly eaten in the country of Italy and by emigrants from there.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ This changed after World War II, when Allied troops stationed in Italy came to enjoy pizza along with other Italian foods.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The Netherlands had a considerable part in the making of modern society.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The Netherlands and its people have made numerous seminal contributions to the world's civilization, especially in art, science, technology and engineering, economics and finance, cartography and geography, exploration and navigation, law and jurisprudence, thought and philosophy, medicine, and agriculture.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ Dutch-speaking people, in spite of their relatively small number, have a significant history of invention, innovation, discovery and exploration.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The following list is composed of objects, (largely) unknown lands, breakthrough ideas/concepts, principles, phenomena, processes, methods, techniques, styles etc., that were discovered or invented (or pioneered) by people from the Netherlands and Dutch-speaking people from the former Southern Netherlands (\"Zuid-Nederlanders\" in Dutch).", "Naples __knowledge__ Naples (; , Neapolitan: \"Napule\" or ; ; , meaning \"new city\") is the capital of the Italian region Campania and the third-largest municipality in Italy after Rome and Milan.", "Naples __knowledge__ In 2015, around 975,260 people lived within the city's administrative limits.", "Naples __knowledge__ The Metropolitan City of Naples had a population of 3,115,320.", "Naples __knowledge__ Naples is the 9th-most populous urban area in the European Union with a population of between 3 million and 3.7 million.", "Naples __knowledge__ About 4.4 million people live in the Naples metropolitan area, the second in Italy after Milan and one of the largest metropolises on the Mediterranean Sea.", "Naples __knowledge__ Naples is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ Ancient Israelite cuisine refers to the food eaten by the ancient Israelites during a period of over a thousand years, from the beginning of the Israelite presence in the Land of Israel at the beginning of the Iron Age until the Roman period.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ The dietary staples were bread, wine and olive oil, but also included legumes, fruits and vegetables, dairy products, fish and meat.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ Religious beliefs, which prohibited the consumption of certain foods, shaped the Israelite diet.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ There was considerable continuity in the main components of the diet over time, despite the introduction of new foodstuffs at various stages.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ Filipino cuisine (Filipino: \"Lutuing Filipino\" or \"Pagkaing Filipino\") is composed of the cuisines of 135 distinct ethno-linguistic tribes found within the Philippine archipelago, however, majority of mainstream Filipino dishes that compose Filipino cuisine are from the cuisines of the Bikol, Chabakano, Hiligaynon, Ilokano, Kapampangan, Meranaw, Pangasinan, Sebwano (or Bisaya), Tagalog, and Waray ethno-linguistic tribes.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ The style of cooking and the food associated with it have evolved over many centuries from their Austronesian origins (shared with Malaysian and Indonesian cuisines) to a mixed cuisine of Indian, Chinese, Spanish, and American influences, in line with the major waves of influence that had enriched the cultures of the archipelago, as well as others adapted to indigenous ingredients and the local palate.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Medieval cuisine includes foods, eating habits, and cooking methods of various European cultures during the Middle Ages, which lasted from the fifth to the fifteenth century.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ During this period, diets and cooking changed less than they did in the early modern period that followed, when those changes helped lay the foundations for modern European cuisine.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Cereals remained the most important staple during the early Middle Ages as rice was introduced late, and the potato was only introduced in 1536, with a much later date for widespread consumption.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Barley, oat and rye were eaten by the poor.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Wheat was for the governing classes.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesian cuisine is one of the most vibrant and colourful cuisines in the world, full of intense flavour.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ It is eclectic and diverse, in part because Indonesia is composed of approximately 6,000 populated islands of the total 17,508 in the world's largest archipelago, with more than 300 ethnic groups calling Indonesia home.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Many regional cuisines exist, often based upon indigenous culture and foreign influences.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia has around 5,350 traditional recipes, with 30 of them considered the most important.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia's cuisine may include rice, noodle and soup dishes in modest local eateries to street-side snacks and top-dollar plates.", "Sausage __knowledge__ A sausage is a cylindrical meat product usually made from ground meat, often pork, beef, or veal, along with salt, spices and other flavourings, and breadcrumbs, encased by a skin.", "Sausage __knowledge__ Typically, a sausage is formed in a casing traditionally made from intestine, but sometimes from synthetic materials.", "Sausage __knowledge__ Sausages that are sold raw are cooked in many ways, including pan-frying, broiling and barbecuing.", "Sausage __knowledge__ Some sausages are cooked during processing and the casing may then be removed.", "Sausage __knowledge__ Sausage making is a traditional food preservation technique.", "Sausage __knowledge__ Sausages may be preserved by curing, drying (often in association with fermentation or culturing, which can contribute to preservation), smoking, or freezing.", "Field ration __knowledge__ A field ration, combat ration or ration pack is a canned or pre-packaged meal, easily prepared and eaten, transported by military troops on the battlefield.", "Field ration __knowledge__ They are distinguished from regular military rations by virtue of being designed for minimal preparation in the field, using canned, pre-cooked or freeze-dried foods, powdered beverage mixes and concentrated food bars, as well as for long shelf life.", "Field ration __knowledge__ Such meals also prove invaluable for disaster relief operations, where large stocks of these can be ferried and distributed easily, and provide basic nutritional support to victims before kitchens can be set up to produce fresh food.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "Sofrito __knowledge__ Sofrito (), or soffritto (Italian), or refogado (, ), is a sauce used as a base in Spanish, Italian, Portuguese and Latin American cooking.", "Sofrito __knowledge__ Preparations may vary, but it typically consists of aromatic ingredients cut into small pieces and sauteed or braised in cooking oil.", "Sofrito __knowledge__ In Spanish cuisine, sofrito consists of garlic, onion, paprika, and tomatoes cooked in olive oil.", "Sofrito __knowledge__ This is known as or sometimes as in Portuguese-speaking nations, where only onions and olive oil are often essential, garlic and bay laurel leaves being the other most common ingredients.", "Sofrito __knowledge__ In Brazilian cuisine, the verb encompasses also dishes that are fried in vegetable oil before being boiled or steamed, even when the actual fried seasoning is not there.", "Curry __knowledge__ Curry (, plural curries) is an umbrella term referring to a number of dishes originating in the cuisine of the Indian subcontinent.", "Curry __knowledge__ The common feature is the use of complex combinations of spices or herbs, usually including fresh or dried hot chillies.", "Curry __knowledge__ The use of the term is generally limited to dishes prepared in a sauce.", "Curry __knowledge__ Curry dishes prepared in the southern states of India may be spiced with leaves from the curry tree.", "Curry __knowledge__ There are many varieties of dishes called 'curries'.", "Curry __knowledge__ For example, in original traditional cuisines, the precise selection of spices for each dish is a matter of national or regional cultural tradition, religious practice, and, to some extent, family preference.", "Capsicum __knowledge__ Capsicum (; also known as peppers) is a genus of flowering plants in the nightshade family Solanaceae.", "Capsicum __knowledge__ Its species are native to the Americas, where they have been cultivated for thousands of years.", "Capsicum __knowledge__ Following the Columbian Exchange, it has become cultivated worldwide, and it has also become a key element in many cuisines.", "Capsicum __knowledge__ In addition to use as spices and food vegetables, \"Capsicum\" species have also been used as medicines and lachrymatory agents.", "Capsicum __knowledge__ The generic name may come from Latin \"capsa\" 'box', presumably alluding to the pods or the Greek word κάπτω \"kapto\" 'to gulp'.", "Capsicum __knowledge__ The name \"pepper\" comes from the similarity of the flavor to black pepper, \"Piper nigrum\", although there is no botanical relationship with it or with Sichuan pepper." ] ]

[ 2, 17, 14, 14, 46 ]

[ "I know it seems super generic to say, but pizza is pretty much my favorite food. Mainly because of all the different toppings I can choose from, like vegetables or meat like sausage or pepperoni.", "As far as I know, pizza started out when ancient cultures took flatbread and then added toppings. Not quite like our pizza but close.", "A lot of early concepts for pizza were similar, but the country that finally added tomatoes to the equation was Naples a few hundred years ago.", "That's a good point, since Italian cuisine is so well known for their use of tomatoes and bread or noodles, as well as other things like bell peppers.", "Exactly, Italian cuisine has also influenced tons of other countries' types of cuisine, especially the US." ]

[ "Pizza", "Pizza", "Pizza", "Pizza", "Pizza" ]

[ "Golden Retriever", "I used to have one when I was really young. Are golden retrievers easily trainable?", "That is great. I was thinking of getting one. Do they need a lot of room to run around?", "Where does the breed originate from?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ The Golden Retriever is a large-sized breed of dog bred as gun dogs to retrieve shot waterfowl such as ducks and upland game birds during hunting and shooting parties, and were named 'retriever' because of their ability to retrieve shot game undamaged.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ Golden Retrievers have an instinctive love of water, and are easy to train to basic or advanced obedience standards.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ They are a long-coated breed, with a dense inner coat that provides them with adequate warmth in the outdoors, and an outer coat that lies flat against their bodies and repels water.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ Golden Retrievers are well suited to residency in suburban or country environments.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ Although they need substantial outdoor exercise, they should be housed in a fenced area because of their instinctual tendency to roam.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ They shed copiously, particularly at the change of seasons, and require fairly regular grooming.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ The breed is a prominent participant in conformation shows for purebred dogs.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ The Golden Retriever is popular as a disability assistance dog such as being a guide dog for the blind and a hearing dog for the deaf.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ In addition, they are trained to be a hunting dog, a detection dog, and a search and rescue participant.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ The breed's friendly, gentle temperament means it is unsuited to being a professional guard dog, but its temperament has also made it the third-most popular family dog breed (by registration) in the United States, the fifth-most popular in Brazil and Australia, and the eighth-most popular in the United Kingdom." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ The Golden Retriever is a large-sized breed of dog bred as gun dogs to retrieve shot waterfowl such as ducks and upland game birds during hunting and shooting parties, and were named 'retriever' because of their ability to retrieve shot game undamaged.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ Golden Retrievers have an instinctive love of water, and are easy to train to basic or advanced obedience standards.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ They are a long-coated breed, with a dense inner coat that provides them with adequate warmth in the outdoors, and an outer coat that lies flat against their bodies and repels water.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ Golden Retrievers are well suited to residency in suburban or country environments.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ Although they need substantial outdoor exercise, they should be housed in a fenced area because of their instinctual tendency to roam.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ They shed copiously, particularly at the change of seasons, and require fairly regular grooming.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ The breed is a prominent participant in conformation shows for purebred dogs.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ The Golden Retriever is popular as a disability assistance dog such as being a guide dog for the blind and a hearing dog for the deaf.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ In addition, they are trained to be a hunting dog, a detection dog, and a search and rescue participant.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ The breed's friendly, gentle temperament means it is unsuited to being a professional guard dog, but its temperament has also made it the third-most popular family dog breed (by registration) in the United States, the fifth-most popular in Brazil and Australia, and the eighth-most popular in the United Kingdom.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ The Labrador Retriever, or just Labrador, is a type of retriever-gun dog.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ The Labrador is one of the most popular breeds of dog in Canada, the United Kingdom and the United States.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ A favourite disability assistance breed in many countries, Labradors are frequently trained to aid the blind, those who have autism, to act as a therapy dog, or to perform screening and detection work for law enforcement and other official agencies.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ Additionally, they are prized as sporting and hunting dogs.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ A few kennels breeding their ancestors, the St. John's water dog, were in England.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ At the same time, a combination of the sheep protection policy in Newfoundland and rabies quarantine in the United Kingdom, led to the gradual demise of the St. John's water dog in Canada.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd (, ) is a breed of medium to large-sized working dog that originated in Germany.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed's officially recognized name is German Shepherd Dog in the English language (sometimes abbreviated as \"GSD\").", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed was once known as the Alsatian in Britain and Ireland.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd is a relatively new breed of dog, with their origin dating to 1899.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ As part of the Herding Group, German Shepherds are working dogs developed originally for herding sheep.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ Since that time however, because of their strength, intelligence, trainability, and obedience, German Shepherds around the world are often the preferred breed for many types of work, including disability assistance, search-and-rescue, police and military roles, and even acting.", "Goldendoodle __knowledge__ The Goldendoodle is a cross-breed dog, which is obtained by breeding a Golden Retriever with a Poodle.", "Goldendoodle __knowledge__ The name, which alters \"poodle\" to \"doodle\" by analogy to \"Labradoodle\", was coined in 1992.", "Goldendoodle __knowledge__ The Goldendoodle was first bred by Monica Dickens in 1969.", "Goldendoodle __knowledge__ Popularity for the goldendoodle grew in the 1990s when breeders in North America and Australia began crossing Golden Retrievers with Standard Poodles.", "Goldendoodle __knowledge__ The original purpose of the cross was to develop guide dogs suitable for visually impaired individuals with allergies.", "Goldendoodle __knowledge__ Poodles are considered to be hypoallergenic.", "Goldendoodle __knowledge__ Their coats do not shed, which reduces dander.", "Service dog __knowledge__ A service dog is a type of assistance dog specifically trained to help people who have disabilities, such as visual impairment, hearing impairments, mental illnesses (such as post traumatic stress disorder), seizure disorder, mobility impairment, and diabetes.", "Service dog __knowledge__ Desirable character traits in service animals typically include good temperament or psychological make-up (including biddability and trainability) and good health (including physical structure and stamina).", "Service dog __knowledge__ Some service dogs are bred and trained by service dog organizations, while others are bred by breeders, and trained by private trainers or even the individuals with disabilities who will someday become their partners.", "Neutering __knowledge__ Neutering, from the Latin \"neuter\" (\"of neither sex\"), is the removal of an animal's reproductive organ, either all of it or a considerably large part.", "Neutering __knowledge__ \"Neutering\" is often used incorrectly to refer only to male animals, but the term actually applies to both sexes.", "Neutering __knowledge__ The male-specific term is castration, while spaying is usually reserved for female animals.", "Neutering __knowledge__ Colloquially, both terms are often referred to as fixing.", "Neutering __knowledge__ In male horses, castrating is referred to as \"gelding\".", "Neutering __knowledge__ Modern veterinary practice tends to use the term de-sexing.", "Neutering __knowledge__ Neutering is the most common method for the sterilization of animals.", "Labrador Retriever coat colour genetics __knowledge__ The genetic basis of coat colour in the Labrador Retriever (a highly popular breed of dog) has been studied in detail, and found to depend on several distinct genes.", "Labrador Retriever coat colour genetics __knowledge__ The interplay between these genes is broadly used as an example of epistasis.", "Labrador Retriever coat colour genetics __knowledge__ Labrador Retrievers are a popular breed of dog in many countries.", "Labrador Retriever coat colour genetics __knowledge__ There are three recognised colours, black, chocolate, and yellow, that result from the interplay among genes that direct production and expression of two pigments, eumelanin and pheomelanin, in the fur and skin of the dog.", "Labrador Retriever coat colour genetics __knowledge__ The recognized colours are due to two genes, while a third gene affects the range of colouration observed within the yellow Labrador.", "Waterfowl hunting __knowledge__ Waterfowl hunting (also called wildfowling or waterfowl shooting in the UK) is the practice of hunting ducks, geese, or other waterfowl for food and sport.", "Waterfowl hunting __knowledge__ In many western countries, commercial waterfowl hunting is prohibited, and duck hunting is primarily an outdoor sporting activity.", "Waterfowl hunting __knowledge__ Many types of ducks and geese share the same habitat, have overlapping or identical hunting seasons, and are hunted using the same methods.", "Waterfowl hunting __knowledge__ Thus it is possible to take different species of waterfowl in the same outing.", "Waterfowl hunting __knowledge__ Waterfowl can be hunted in crop fields where they feed, or, more frequently, on or near bodies of water such as rivers, lakes, ponds, swamps, sloughs, or oceanic coastlines.", "Hunting dog __knowledge__ A hunting dog refers to a canine that hunts with or for humans.", "Hunting dog __knowledge__ There are several types of hunting dogs developed for various tasks.", "Hunting dog __knowledge__ The major categories of hunting dogs include hounds, terriers, dachshunds, cur type dogs, and gun dogs.", "Hunting dog __knowledge__ Among these categories further divisions can be made based upon the dogs' skill sets.", "Hunting dog __knowledge__ For a list of breeds of each type, see the detailed articles for each category: Spaniels definitively fall into two types: ones that seek prey in water and others that seek it on land.", "Hunting dog __knowledge__ Spaniels are the oldest class of gundog in existence, going back at least to the late Renaissance.", "List of famous big game hunters __knowledge__ This is a list of famous big game hunters who gained fame largely or solely because of their big game hunting exploits.", "List of famous big game hunters __knowledge__ The members of this list either hunted big game professionally for profit, the science of their day or by virtue of their wealth or position for sport consistently as their primary pastime for many years, and includes brief biographical details particularly concerning the game hunted, the hunting methods employed and the hunting weapons used by those listed.", "List of famous big game hunters __knowledge__ Frank Maurice \"Bunny\" Allen (1906–2002) was an English born professional safari guide in Kenya.", "List of famous big game hunters __knowledge__ Born in Buckinghamshire, as a young boy Allen learnt to poach game, gaining the nickname “Bunny” for his skill at snaring rabbits.", "Hunting in New Zealand __knowledge__ Hunting is a popular recreational pursuit and a tourist activity in New Zealand with numerous books and magazines published on the topic.", "Hunting in New Zealand __knowledge__ Unlike most other developed countries with a hunting tradition, there are no bag-limits or seasons for hunting large game in New Zealand.", "Hunting in New Zealand __knowledge__ Hunting in National Parks is a permitted activity.", "Hunting in New Zealand __knowledge__ The wide variety of game animals and the limited restrictions means hunting is a popular pastime which has resulted in a high level of firearms ownership among civilians.", "Hunting in New Zealand __knowledge__ Prior to human settlement New Zealand had no land based mammals other than two species of bat, one of which is now extinct, and two species of seal." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ The Golden Retriever is a large-sized breed of dog bred as gun dogs to retrieve shot waterfowl such as ducks and upland game birds during hunting and shooting parties, and were named 'retriever' because of their ability to retrieve shot game undamaged.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ Golden Retrievers have an instinctive love of water, and are easy to train to basic or advanced obedience standards.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ They are a long-coated breed, with a dense inner coat that provides them with adequate warmth in the outdoors, and an outer coat that lies flat against their bodies and repels water.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ Golden Retrievers are well suited to residency in suburban or country environments.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ Although they need substantial outdoor exercise, they should be housed in a fenced area because of their instinctual tendency to roam.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ They shed copiously, particularly at the change of seasons, and require fairly regular grooming.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ The breed is a prominent participant in conformation shows for purebred dogs.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ The Golden Retriever is popular as a disability assistance dog such as being a guide dog for the blind and a hearing dog for the deaf.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ In addition, they are trained to be a hunting dog, a detection dog, and a search and rescue participant.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ The breed's friendly, gentle temperament means it is unsuited to being a professional guard dog, but its temperament has also made it the third-most popular family dog breed (by registration) in the United States, the fifth-most popular in Brazil and Australia, and the eighth-most popular in the United Kingdom.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Brooke Davis __knowledge__ Brooke Penelope Davis is a fictional character from the CW television series \"One Tree Hill\", portrayed by Sophia Bush.", "Brooke Davis __knowledge__ Initially introduced as the best friend of the show's original female lead, Peyton Sawyer, throughout her experiences, Brooke grows from a wild and generally carefree girl into a more mature and grounded young woman.", "Brooke Davis __knowledge__ Along with Peyton, she becomes a key player in the series' central love triangle involving Lucas Scott.", "Brooke Davis __knowledge__ In later seasons, however, her character arc shifts its attention to her career as a fashion designer at Clothes Over Bros, as well as her romance and eventual marriage to Julian Baker, with whom she would have twin sons, Davis and Jude Baker.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Ek Tha Chandar Ek Thi Sudha (Hindi: एक था चन्दर एक थी सुधा English: One was Chander one was Sudha) is an Indian biopic television series, which premiered on 21 September 2015 and is broadcast on Life OK.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is produced by Garima Productions of Ashwni Dhir.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series airs on every Monday to Friday nights.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is a tragic love story and is a 20-episode series.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story of the series is based on Dharamvir Bharati’s iconic novel, \"Gunahon Ka Devta\".", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Rahil Azam and Umang Jain will play the male and female lead roles respectively.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story starts with an illustration that it is a story about love near Allahabad.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "List of Hollyoaks characters (2011) __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters who first appeared or were due to appear in the British Channel 4 soap opera \"Hollyoaks\" during 2011, listed in order of their first appearance.", "List of Hollyoaks characters (2011) __knowledge__ In January 2011, it was announced that Gareth Philips would be taking over the role of series producer from Paul Marquess, who had been with the show for one year.", "List of Hollyoaks characters (2011) __knowledge__ Ruby Button, played by Anna Shaffer, is the younger sister of Duncan Button (Dean Aspen).", "List of Hollyoaks characters (2011) __knowledge__ She made her first on-screen appearance on 3 January 2011.", "List of Hollyoaks characters (2011) __knowledge__ In December 2010, the \"Liverpool Echo\" announced that eighteen-year-old Shaffer would be joining the cast as Ruby.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Obedience training __knowledge__ Obedience implies compliance with the direction or command given by the handler.", "Obedience training __knowledge__ For a dog to be considered obedient rather than simply trained in obedience, it must respond reliably each time its handler gives a command.", "Obedience training __knowledge__ Training a dog in obedience can be an ongoing and lengthy process depending on the dog, the methods used, and the skill and understanding of both the trainer and the handler.", "Obedience training __knowledge__ The level of obedience the handler wishes to achieve with the dog is also a major factor in the time involved, as is the commitment to training by the handler.", "Obedience training __knowledge__ Obedience training is often a prerequisite for or component of other training.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ The American Pit Bull Terrier (APBT) is a dog breed.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ It is a medium-sized, solidly-built, intelligent, short-haired dog whose early ancestors came from the British Isles.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ When compared with the English Staffordshire Bull Terrier (another breed within the type commonly called pit bulls), the American Pit Bull Terrier is larger by margins of in height and in weight.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ The American Pit Bull Terrier varies in size.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ Males normally are about 18-21 inches (45–53 cm) in height and around 35-60 pounds (15–27 kg) in weight.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ Females are normally around 17-20 inches (43–50 cm) in height and 30-50 pounds (13–22 kg) in weight.", "Obedience trial __knowledge__ An obedience trial is a dog sport in which a dog must perfectly execute a predefined set of tasks when directed to do so by his handler.", "Obedience trial __knowledge__ According to the American Kennel Club (AKC) obedience regulations The basic objective of obedience trials, however, is to recognize dogs that have been trained to behave in the home, in public places, and in the presence of other dogs, in a manner that will reflect credit on the sport of obedience at all times and under all conditions.", "Obedience trial __knowledge__ Training a dog to participate in AKC obedience trials increases a dog's understanding and reliability in responding to commands such as \"sit\", \"down\", \"stay\", \"come\", and \"heel.\"", "Frankie Laine __knowledge__ Frankie Laine (born Francesco Paolo LoVecchio; March 30, 1913 – February 6, 2007) was an Italian American singer, songwriter, and actor whose career spanned 75 years, from his first concerts in 1930 with a marathon dance company to his final performance of \"That's My Desire\" in 2005.", "Frankie Laine __knowledge__ Often billed as \"America's Number One Song Stylist\", his other nicknames include \"Mr.", "Frankie Laine __knowledge__ Rhythm\", \"Old Leather Lungs\", and \"Mr. Steel Tonsils\".", "Frankie Laine __knowledge__ His hits included \"That's My Desire\", \"That Lucky Old Sun\", \"Mule Train\", \"Cry of the Wild Goose\", \"A Woman In Love\", \"Jezebel\", \"High Noon\", \"I Believe\", \"Hey Joe!", "Frankie Laine __knowledge__ \", \"The Kid's Last Fight\", \"Cool Water\", \"Moonlight Gambler,\" \"Love Is a Golden Ring,\" \"Rawhide\", and \"Lord, You Gave Me a Mountain.\"", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ Usher Raymond IV (born October 14, 1978), is an American singer, songwriter, dancer and actor.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He was born in Dallas, Texas, but raised in Chattanooga, Tennessee until moving to Atlanta, Georgia.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ At the age of 12, his mother put him in local singing competitions, before catching the attention of a music A&R from LaFace Records.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ In 1994, he released his self-titled debut album, \"Usher\".", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He rose to fame in the late 1990s with the release of his second album \"My Way\" (1997), which spawned his first U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100 number-one single, \"Nice & Slow\", amongst top-two singles \"You Make Me Wanna...\" and \"My Way\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ The Golden Retriever is a large-sized breed of dog bred as gun dogs to retrieve shot waterfowl such as ducks and upland game birds during hunting and shooting parties, and were named 'retriever' because of their ability to retrieve shot game undamaged.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ Golden Retrievers have an instinctive love of water, and are easy to train to basic or advanced obedience standards.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ They are a long-coated breed, with a dense inner coat that provides them with adequate warmth in the outdoors, and an outer coat that lies flat against their bodies and repels water.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ Golden Retrievers are well suited to residency in suburban or country environments.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ Although they need substantial outdoor exercise, they should be housed in a fenced area because of their instinctual tendency to roam.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ They shed copiously, particularly at the change of seasons, and require fairly regular grooming.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ The breed is a prominent participant in conformation shows for purebred dogs.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ The Golden Retriever is popular as a disability assistance dog such as being a guide dog for the blind and a hearing dog for the deaf.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ In addition, they are trained to be a hunting dog, a detection dog, and a search and rescue participant.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ The breed's friendly, gentle temperament means it is unsuited to being a professional guard dog, but its temperament has also made it the third-most popular family dog breed (by registration) in the United States, the fifth-most popular in Brazil and Australia, and the eighth-most popular in the United Kingdom.", "List of experimental cat breeds __knowledge__ The following is a list of experimental cat breeds and crossbreeds that do not have the recognition of major national or international cat registries, such as The International Cat Association (TICA) in the US, Europe, and Australasia; the Governing Council of the Cat Fancy (GCCF) in the UK, the Fédération Internationale Féline (FiFE) in continental Europe, the Cat Fanciers' Association (CFA) in North America, or the more recent World Cat Federation based in Germany.", "List of experimental cat breeds __knowledge__ Such a breed may be recognized by one of the smaller cat registries.", "List of experimental cat breeds __knowledge__ Smaller registries include the Rare and Exotic Feline Registry (REFR), The Dwarf Cat Association (TDCA), and others.", "Breed club (dog) __knowledge__ A dog breed club is an association or club of fanciers of a single, specific breed of dog.", "Breed club (dog) __knowledge__ \"Breed clubs\" define the breed with which the club is associated in a document called a breed standard, although there may be multiple \"breed clubs\" for the same breed, each defining the breed in a somewhat different manner.", "Breed club (dog) __knowledge__ \"Breed clubs\" are \"not\" scientific organisations, nor are breed standards meant to be scientific descriptions of a breed.", "Breed club (dog) __knowledge__ \"Any\" fancier or group of fanciers may start a \"breed club\" and write definitions to suit themselves.", "Breed club (dog) __knowledge__ Dog breed clubs exist to \"support the preservation and protection\" of the club's breed.", "Landrace __knowledge__ A landrace is a domesticated, locally adapted, traditional variety of a species of animal or plant that has developed over time, through adaptation to its natural and cultural environment of agriculture and pastoralism, and due to isolation from other populations of the species.", "Landrace __knowledge__ Landraces are generally distinguished from cultivars, and from breeds in the standardized sense, although the term landrace breed is sometimes used as distinguished from the term \"standardized breed\" when referring to cattle.", "Landrace __knowledge__ The \"-race\" in this word refers to the taxonomic definition of \"race\" in biology, not the ethnographic sense of the word.", "King Charles Spaniel __knowledge__ The King Charles Spaniel (also known as the English Toy Spaniel) is a small dog breed of the spaniel type.", "King Charles Spaniel __knowledge__ In 1903, the Kennel Club combined four separate toy spaniel breeds under this single title.", "King Charles Spaniel __knowledge__ The other varieties merged into this breed were the Blenheim, Ruby and Prince Charles Spaniels, each of which contributed one of the four colours available in the breed.", "King Charles Spaniel __knowledge__ Thought to have originated in the Far East, toy spaniels were first seen in Europe during the 16th century.", "King Charles Spaniel __knowledge__ They were made famous by their association with King Charles II of England (1630–1685) and have been linked with English royalty since the time of Queen Mary I (1516–1558).", "Limousin cattle __knowledge__ Limousin cattle are a breed of highly muscled beef cattle originating from the Limousin and Marche regions of France.", "Limousin cattle __knowledge__ The breed is known as in France.", "Limousin cattle __knowledge__ Limousins were first exported from France in significant numbers in the 1960s and are now present in about 70 countries.", "Limousin cattle __knowledge__ They are naturally horned and have a distinctive lighter wheat to darker golden-red colouring, although international breeders have now bred polled (do not have horns) and black Limousins.", "Limousin cattle __knowledge__ Initially used mainly as draft animals, interest in Limousins as a source of high quality meat grew about two hundred years ago.", "Limousin cattle __knowledge__ The first Limousin herd book was then established in France in 1886 to ensure the breed's purity and improvement by only recording and breeding animals that satisfied a strictly enforced breed standard.", "Conformation show __knowledge__ A conformation show, also referred to as a \"breed show\", is a kind of dog show in which a judge familiar with a specific dog breed evaluates individual purebred dogs for how well the dogs \"conform\" to the established breed type for their breed, as described in a breed's individual breed standard.", "Conformation show __knowledge__ Such shows are useful to breeders as a means of evaluating dogs for breeding purposes.", "Conformation show __knowledge__ A conformation championship from a recognized national kennel club is generally considered a reasonably objective indication of merit, as it indicates that the dog has been found to be a superior example of its breed by some number of different judges on some number of separate occasions.", "Breed standard (dogs) __knowledge__ A breed standard (also called bench standard or the standard) in the dog fancy is a set of guidelines covering specific \"externally observable\" qualities such as \"appearance\", \"movement\", and \"temperament\" for that dog breed.", "Breed standard (dogs) __knowledge__ Breed standards are not scientific documents, but are written for each breed by clubs of hobbyists called breed clubs for their own specific requirements.", "Breed standard (dogs) __knowledge__ Details and definitions within breed standards for a specific dog breed may vary from breed club to breed club and from country to country.", "Breed standard (dogs) __knowledge__ Dog breed standards are similar in form and function to breed standards for other domesticated animals.", "Freedom to roam __knowledge__ The freedom to roam, or \"everyman's right\", is the general public's right to access certain public or privately owned land for recreation and exercise.", "Freedom to roam __knowledge__ The right is sometimes called the right of public access to the wilderness or the \"right to roam\".", "Freedom to roam __knowledge__ In Scotland, the Nordic countries of Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden, the Baltic countries of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania and the Central European countries of Austria, Czech Republic and Switzerland, the freedom to roam takes the form of general public rights which are sometimes codified in law.", "Freedom to roam __knowledge__ The access is ancient in parts of Northern Europe and has been regarded as sufficiently basic that it was not formalised in law until modern times.", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Second Chances is the eighth season of the NBC reality television series \"The Biggest Loser\".", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize, which was awarded to Danny Cahill, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight lost.", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ This season premiered on NBC on Tuesday, September 15, 2009.", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ The season's theme meant that each of the candidates had met with heartbreak and tragedy during their lifetime.", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ Among notable stories, Shay Sorrells grew up in foster care while her mother unsuccessfully struggled with heroin addiction, while Abby Rike lost her husband and children in a head-on collision caused by a speeding driver.", "Mixed martial arts __knowledge__ Mixed martial arts (MMA) is a full-contact combat sport that allows both striking and grappling, both standing and on the ground, using techniques from other combat sports and martial arts.", "Mixed martial arts __knowledge__ The first documented use of the term \"mixed martial arts\" was in a review of UFC 1 by television critic Howard Rosenberg in 1993.", "Mixed martial arts __knowledge__ The term gained popularity when newfullcontact.com, then one of the largest websites covering the sport, hosted and republished the article.", "Mixed martial arts __knowledge__ The question of who actually coined the term is subject to debate.", "Mixed martial arts __knowledge__ During the early 20th century, various mixed-style contests took place throughout Japan, Taiwan and in the countries of the Four Asian Tigers.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ College admissions in the United States refers to the process of applying for entrance to institutions of higher education for undergraduate study at one of the nation's 2,675 schools.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ Generally, the college search begins in the student's eleventh grade of high school with most activity taking place during the twelfth grade, although students at top high schools often begin the process during their tenth grade or earlier.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ In addition, there are considerable numbers of students who transfer from one college to another, as well as adults older than high school age who apply to college.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ Millions of high school students apply to college each year.", "Chevrolet Volt __knowledge__ The Chevrolet Volt is a plug-in hybrid car manufactured by General Motors, also marketed in rebadged variants as the Buick Velite 5 in China, Holden Volt in Australia and New Zealand, and with a different fascia as the Vauxhall Ampera in the United Kingdom and as the Opel Ampera in the remainder of Europe.", "Chevrolet Volt __knowledge__ Sales of the 2011 Volt began in the United States in mid-December 2010, followed by various European countries and other international markets in 2011.", "Chevrolet Volt __knowledge__ Global combined Volt/Ampera family sales totaled about 134,500 units by the end of December 2016.", "Chevrolet Volt __knowledge__ The U.S. is the leading market, with 113,489 Volts delivered, followed by Canada with 8,884 Volts sold through November 2016.", "Free range __knowledge__ Free range denotes a method of farming husbandry where the animals, for at least part of the day, can roam freely outdoors, rather than being confined in an enclosure for 24 hours each day.", "Free range __knowledge__ On many farms, the outdoors ranging area is fenced, thereby technically making this an enclosure, however, free range systems usually offer the opportunity for extensive locomotion and sunlight prevented by indoor housing systems.", "Free range __knowledge__ \"Free range\" may apply to meat, eggs or dairy farming.", "Free range __knowledge__ The term is used in two senses that do not overlap completely: as a farmer-centric description of husbandry methods, and as a consumer-centric description of them." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 5, 10 ]

[ "Golden retrievers are so popular, it's funny because most people don't have them for their original purpose, which was to retrieve ducks and game birds during hunting trips.", "Yeah, one of their big selling points is how easy it is to train them basic or advanced obedience standards.", "Yes they need substantial outdoor exercise, but make sure to have a fenced area because they like to roam.", "I'm not sure, I think maybe an ancestral retriever breed from Europe. I do know that the breed is the third-most popular family dog in the US though." ]

[ "Golden Retriever", "Golden Retriever", "Golden Retriever", "Golden Retriever" ]

[ "Purple\nPurple is by far my favorite color, is it yours as well? Not many other people like it as much as me", "I love royal purple, it just feels very elite to me, but i like blue as well", "A lot of people do, yeah., I do not cause I am a purple expert haha. But i am also partial to midnight green as an eagles fan", "That is why I like it so much, like i said, it just feels elite to me", "yeah, everyone seems to get that, men are scared of liking pink, I do not blame them for it" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Purple __knowledge__ Purple is a color intermediate between blue and red.", "Purple __knowledge__ It is similar to violet, but unlike violet, which is a spectral color with its own wavelength on the visible spectrum of light, purple is a composite color made by combining red and blue.", "Purple __knowledge__ According to surveys in Europe and the U.S., purple is the color most often associated with royalty, magic, mystery and piety.", "Purple __knowledge__ When combined with pink, it is associated with eroticism, femininity and seduction.", "Purple __knowledge__ Purple was the color worn by Roman magistrates; it became the imperial color worn by the rulers of the Byzantine Empire and the Holy Roman Empire, and later by Roman Catholic bishops.", "Purple __knowledge__ Similarly in Japan, the color is traditionally associated with the Emperor and aristocracy.", "Purple __knowledge__ The complementary color of purple is yellow.", "Purple __knowledge__ The word 'purple' comes from the Old English word \"purpul\" which derives from Latin \"purpura\", in turn from the Greek (\"porphura\"), name of the Tyrian purple dye manufactured in classical antiquity from a mucus secreted by the spiny dye-murex snail.", "Purple __knowledge__ The first recorded use of the word 'purple' in the English language was in the year 975 AD.", "Purple __knowledge__ In heraldry, the word \"purpure\" is used for purple.", "Purple __knowledge__ In the traditional color wheel used by painters, violet and purple are both placed between red and blue.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ Color psychology is the study of hues as a determinant of human behavior.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ Color influences perceptions that are not obvious, such as the taste of food.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ Colours can also enhance the effectiveness of placebos.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ For example, red or orange pills are generally used as stimulants.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ Colour can indeed influence a person; however, it is important to remember that these effects differ between people.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ Factors such as gender, age, and culture can influence how an individual perceives color.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ For instance, heterosexual men tend to report that red outfits enhance female attractiveness, while heterosexual females deny any outfit color impacting that of men.", "Pink __knowledge__ Pink is a pale red color that is named after a flower of the same name.", "Pink __knowledge__ It was first used as a color name in the late 17th century.", "Pink __knowledge__ According to surveys in Europe and the United States, pink is the color most often associated with charm, politeness, sensitivity, tenderness, sweetness, childhood, femininity and the romantic.", "Pink __knowledge__ It is associated with chastity and innocence when combined with white, but associated with eroticism and seduction when combined with purple or black.", "Pink __knowledge__ The color pink is named after the flowers, pinks, flowering plants in the genus \"Dianthus,\" and derives from the frilled edge of the flowers.", "List of The Saddle Club characters __knowledge__ Carole is a bright African American girl with a natural riding ability.", "List of The Saddle Club characters __knowledge__ She became devastated when her mother died of cancer, and when Cobalt died, she almost gave up riding.", "List of The Saddle Club characters __knowledge__ But her father, U.S. Marine Colonel Mitch Hanson, reminded Carole that her mother would have wanted her to follow her passion.", "List of The Saddle Club characters __knowledge__ With money left by her mother, she bought a buckskin gelding, Starlight.", "List of The Saddle Club characters __knowledge__ Carole knows her future lies with horses, but there are many paths to follow and she does not know which road to take.", "List of The Saddle Club characters __knowledge__ Her grades are high enough for her to become a veterinarian but she would also love to breed and train Thoroughbreds.", "List of Monster High characters __knowledge__ Mattel's fashion doll franchise \"Monster High\" features a variety of fictional characters, many of whom are students at the titular high school.", "List of Monster High characters __knowledge__ The female characters are classified as Ghouls and the male characters are classified as Mansters.", "List of Monster High characters __knowledge__ The characters are generally the sons and daughters, or related to monsters that have been popularized in fiction.", "List of Monster High characters __knowledge__ The franchise's official website identifies six of the characters as Original Ghouls.", "List of Monster High characters __knowledge__ In addition to the listed Ghouls and Mansters, there are other characters who have been introduced in the franchise's related media including the web/video and book series.", "Shades of purple __knowledge__ There are numerous variations of the color purple, a sampling of which are shown below.", "Shades of purple __knowledge__ In common English usage, \"purple\" is a range of hues of color occurring between red and blue.", "Shades of purple __knowledge__ In color theory, \"purple\" colors are any colors on the line of purples on the CIE chromaticity diagram (or colors that can be derived from colors on the line of purples), i.e., any color between red and violet, not including either red or violet themselves.", "Shades of purple __knowledge__ The first recorded use of \"purple\" as a color name in English was in 975 AD.", "Shades of purple __knowledge__ \"See also under Purple#In art and history the section \"In prehistory and the ancient world: Tyrian purple\" \" \"Tyrian purple\" is the contemporary English name of the color that in Latin is denominated \"\"purpura\"\".", "Diva Starz __knowledge__ Diva Starz was a series of fashion dolls created and released by Mattel during the Christmas shopping season of 2000.", "Diva Starz __knowledge__ They are similar in design to the MGA Entertainment Bratz dolls released in 2001, and the Flavas dolls released by Mattel in 2003.", "Diva Starz __knowledge__ Original four dolls, Alexa, Nikki, Summer, and Tia (Summer was later replaced by Miranda) were offered in the original debut.", "Diva Starz __knowledge__ The line was discontinued in 2004.", "Diva Starz __knowledge__ Each doll is approximately tall, with plastic clothing and combable hair.", "Diva Starz __knowledge__ The owner can change the doll's outfits by snapping on different pieces of clothing.", "Diva Starz __knowledge__ By using small metal contacts in the clothing and on the body, the doll \"knows\" which garment it is wearing, and will respond accordingly." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Purple __knowledge__ Purple is a color intermediate between blue and red.", "Purple __knowledge__ It is similar to violet, but unlike violet, which is a spectral color with its own wavelength on the visible spectrum of light, purple is a composite color made by combining red and blue.", "Purple __knowledge__ According to surveys in Europe and the U.S., purple is the color most often associated with royalty, magic, mystery and piety.", "Purple __knowledge__ When combined with pink, it is associated with eroticism, femininity and seduction.", "Purple __knowledge__ Purple was the color worn by Roman magistrates; it became the imperial color worn by the rulers of the Byzantine Empire and the Holy Roman Empire, and later by Roman Catholic bishops.", "Purple __knowledge__ Similarly in Japan, the color is traditionally associated with the Emperor and aristocracy.", "Purple __knowledge__ The complementary color of purple is yellow.", "Purple __knowledge__ The word 'purple' comes from the Old English word \"purpul\" which derives from Latin \"purpura\", in turn from the Greek (\"porphura\"), name of the Tyrian purple dye manufactured in classical antiquity from a mucus secreted by the spiny dye-murex snail.", "Purple __knowledge__ The first recorded use of the word 'purple' in the English language was in the year 975 AD.", "Purple __knowledge__ In heraldry, the word \"purpure\" is used for purple.", "Purple __knowledge__ In the traditional color wheel used by painters, violet and purple are both placed between red and blue.", "Royal Purple Yearbook __knowledge__ The Royal Purple Yearbook is the official yearbook of Kansas State University.", "Royal Purple Yearbook __knowledge__ The Royal Purple has won many awards, including several National Pacemaker Awards.", "Royal Purple Yearbook __knowledge__ The Columbia Scholastic Press Association gave the 2006 Royal Purple a Silver Crown.", "Royal Purple Yearbook __knowledge__ The Royal Purple is the only official yearly record of Kansas State University.", "Royal Purple Yearbook __knowledge__ In 1997 the yearbook came with a CD-ROM supplement and in 2003 the CD-ROM changed to a DVD.", "Royal Purple Yearbook __knowledge__ The Royal Purple has a rich history since its predecessor first appeared at Kansas State Agricultural College in 1891.", "Royal Purple Yearbook __knowledge__ The yearbook underwent several name changes, including The Sledge, Sunrise, The Bell Clapper and The Banner, until it became the Royal Purple in 1909.", "Shades of purple __knowledge__ There are numerous variations of the color purple, a sampling of which are shown below.", "Shades of purple __knowledge__ In common English usage, \"purple\" is a range of hues of color occurring between red and blue.", "Shades of purple __knowledge__ In color theory, \"purple\" colors are any colors on the line of purples on the CIE chromaticity diagram (or colors that can be derived from colors on the line of purples), i.e., any color between red and violet, not including either red or violet themselves.", "Shades of purple __knowledge__ The first recorded use of \"purple\" as a color name in English was in 975 AD.", "Shades of purple __knowledge__ \"See also under Purple#In art and history the section \"In prehistory and the ancient world: Tyrian purple\" \" \"Tyrian purple\" is the contemporary English name of the color that in Latin is denominated \"\"purpura\"\".", "Royal Purple (lubricant manufacturer) __knowledge__ Royal Purple is an American manufacturer which produces lubricants for automotive, industrial, marine, motorcycle, and racing use.", "Royal Purple (lubricant manufacturer) __knowledge__ It is known primarily for its line of synthetic Royal Purple Motor Oil products used in gasoline and diesel engines.", "Royal Purple (lubricant manufacturer) __knowledge__ They also produce other fluids including gear oil, transmission fluid, power steering fluid and industrial gear, bearing, engine, and hydraulic oil.", "Royal Purple (lubricant manufacturer) __knowledge__ Other products include chassis and bearing grease, lubricant aerosol, aerosol chain lubricant, and firearm lubricant.", "Royal Purple (lubricant manufacturer) __knowledge__ The company was founded in 1986 by John Williams, a synthetic oil developer and later consultant.", "Royal Purple Newspaper __knowledge__ The Royal Purple is the independent, student-run and award winning weekly newspaper of the University of Wisconsin–Whitewater.", "Royal Purple Newspaper __knowledge__ Begun in 1901, it originally was a monthly literary magazine for the Whitewater Normal School.", "Royal Purple Newspaper __knowledge__ The original staff included seven editors and four reporters.", "Royal Purple Newspaper __knowledge__ Over the years, it has evolved into a weekly newspaper complete with an advertising and business staff, as well as an editorial staff with 14 members.", "Royal Purple Newspaper __knowledge__ The goal of the newspaper is to provide students and Whitewater residents with campus and community news.", "Royal Purple Newspaper __knowledge__ The current sections of the newspaper are News, Biz & Tech, Opinion, Lifestyle, Arts & Rec, and Sports.", "Order of Royal Purple __knowledge__ The Order of Royal Purple was the female auxiliary of the Elks of Canada.", "Order of Royal Purple __knowledge__ Unlike their counterparts in the United States, who have never been officially recognized by the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, the ORP was officially recognized by the Elks of Canada.", "Order of Royal Purple __knowledge__ The Order of Royal Purple was founded in Vancouver, British Columbia in September 1914.", "Order of Royal Purple __knowledge__ In 2014 the Supreme Executive of the Order of Royal Purple decided to secede from the Elks and start a new organization, the Canadian Royal Purple Society.", "Order of Royal Purple __knowledge__ Some locals, however, wished to remain with the Elks and these were integrated into the organization of the Elks of Canada as Royal Purple Elks Lodges.", "Royal Purple Raceway __knowledge__ Royal Purple Raceway (formerly Houston Raceway Park) is a quarter-mile dragstrip in Baytown, Texas, just outside Houston.", "Royal Purple Raceway __knowledge__ Built in 1988, the Park is situated on 500 acres on the eastern edge of the greater Houston metropolitan area and is Houston's only major multi-purpose motorsports venue.", "Royal Purple Raceway __knowledge__ The dragstrip boasts a three-story tower building that incorporates 23 VIP suites, a media center, and race control facilities equipped with state-of-the-art timing and scoring equipment.", "Royal Purple Raceway __knowledge__ In 2000, Houston Raceway Park opened a new world class high banked 3/8 mile dirt oval at the facility.", "Royal Purple Raceway __knowledge__ Royal Purple Raceway's spacious, paved pit area holds approximately 400 racing rigs, with additional pit parking available on grass.", "Tyrian purple __knowledge__ Tyrian purple (Greek, , \"porphyra\", ), also known as Tyrian red, Phoenician purple, royal purple, imperial purple or imperial dye, is a reddish-purple natural dye.", "Tyrian purple __knowledge__ It is a secretion produced by several species of predatory sea snails in the family Muricidae, rock snails originally known by the name \"Murex\".", "Tyrian purple __knowledge__ In ancient times, extracting this dye involved tens of thousands of snails and substantial labor, and as a result, the dye was highly valued.", "Tyrian purple __knowledge__ The main chemical is 6,6′-dibromoindigo.", "Tyrian purple __knowledge__ Tyrian purple may first have been used by the ancient Phoenicians as early as 1570 BC.", "Tyrian purple __knowledge__ The dye was greatly prized in antiquity because the colour did not easily fade, but instead became brighter with weathering and sunlight.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ Color psychology is the study of hues as a determinant of human behavior.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ Color influences perceptions that are not obvious, such as the taste of food.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ Colours can also enhance the effectiveness of placebos.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ For example, red or orange pills are generally used as stimulants.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ Colour can indeed influence a person; however, it is important to remember that these effects differ between people.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ Factors such as gender, age, and culture can influence how an individual perceives color.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ For instance, heterosexual men tend to report that red outfits enhance female attractiveness, while heterosexual females deny any outfit color impacting that of men.", "Pink __knowledge__ Pink is a pale red color that is named after a flower of the same name.", "Pink __knowledge__ It was first used as a color name in the late 17th century.", "Pink __knowledge__ According to surveys in Europe and the United States, pink is the color most often associated with charm, politeness, sensitivity, tenderness, sweetness, childhood, femininity and the romantic.", "Pink __knowledge__ It is associated with chastity and innocence when combined with white, but associated with eroticism and seduction when combined with purple or black.", "Pink __knowledge__ The color pink is named after the flowers, pinks, flowering plants in the genus \"Dianthus,\" and derives from the frilled edge of the flowers.", "List of Monster High characters __knowledge__ Mattel's fashion doll franchise \"Monster High\" features a variety of fictional characters, many of whom are students at the titular high school.", "List of Monster High characters __knowledge__ The female characters are classified as Ghouls and the male characters are classified as Mansters.", "List of Monster High characters __knowledge__ The characters are generally the sons and daughters, or related to monsters that have been popularized in fiction.", "List of Monster High characters __knowledge__ The franchise's official website identifies six of the characters as Original Ghouls.", "List of Monster High characters __knowledge__ In addition to the listed Ghouls and Mansters, there are other characters who have been introduced in the franchise's related media including the web/video and book series.", "Grey __knowledge__ Grey (British English) or gray (American English; see spelling differences) is an intermediate color between black and white.", "Grey __knowledge__ It is a neutral or achromatic color, meaning literally that it is a color \"without color.\"", "Grey __knowledge__ It is the color of a cloud-covered sky, of ash and of lead.", "Grey __knowledge__ The first recorded use of \"grey\" as a color name in the English language was in AD 700.", "Grey __knowledge__ \"Grey\" is the dominant spelling in European and Commonwealth English, although \"gray\" remained in common usage in the UK until the second half of the 20th century.", "Grey __knowledge__ \"Gray\" has been the preferred American spelling since approximately 1825, although \"grey\" is an accepted variant.", "Yellow __knowledge__ Yellow is the color between green and orange on the spectrum of visible light.", "Yellow __knowledge__ It is evoked by light with a dominant wavelength of roughly 570590 nm.", "Yellow __knowledge__ It is a primary color in subtractive color systems, used in painting or color printing.", "Yellow __knowledge__ In the RGB color model, used to create colors on television and computer screens, yellow is a secondary color made by combining red and green at equal intensity.", "Yellow __knowledge__ Carotenoids give the characteristic yellow color to autumn leaves, corn, canaries, daffodils, and lemons, as well as egg yolks, buttercups, and bananas.", "Yellow __knowledge__ They absorb light energy and protect plants from photodamage." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Purple __knowledge__ Purple is a color intermediate between blue and red.", "Purple __knowledge__ It is similar to violet, but unlike violet, which is a spectral color with its own wavelength on the visible spectrum of light, purple is a composite color made by combining red and blue.", "Purple __knowledge__ According to surveys in Europe and the U.S., purple is the color most often associated with royalty, magic, mystery and piety.", "Purple __knowledge__ When combined with pink, it is associated with eroticism, femininity and seduction.", "Purple __knowledge__ Purple was the color worn by Roman magistrates; it became the imperial color worn by the rulers of the Byzantine Empire and the Holy Roman Empire, and later by Roman Catholic bishops.", "Purple __knowledge__ Similarly in Japan, the color is traditionally associated with the Emperor and aristocracy.", "Purple __knowledge__ The complementary color of purple is yellow.", "Purple __knowledge__ The word 'purple' comes from the Old English word \"purpul\" which derives from Latin \"purpura\", in turn from the Greek (\"porphura\"), name of the Tyrian purple dye manufactured in classical antiquity from a mucus secreted by the spiny dye-murex snail.", "Purple __knowledge__ The first recorded use of the word 'purple' in the English language was in the year 975 AD.", "Purple __knowledge__ In heraldry, the word \"purpure\" is used for purple.", "Purple __knowledge__ In the traditional color wheel used by painters, violet and purple are both placed between red and blue.", "Philadelphia Eagles __knowledge__ The Philadelphia Eagles are a professional American football franchise based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.", "Philadelphia Eagles __knowledge__ The Eagles compete in the National Football League (NFL) as a member club of the league's National Football Conference (NFC) East division.", "Philadelphia Eagles __knowledge__ The franchise was established in 1933 as a replacement for the bankrupt Frankford Yellow Jackets, when a group led by Bert Bell secured the rights to an NFL franchise in Philadelphia.", "Philadelphia Eagles __knowledge__ Bell, Chuck Bednarik, Bob Brown, Reggie White, Steve Van Buren, Tommy McDonald, Greasy Neale, Pete Pihos, Sonny Jurgensen, and Norm Van Brocklin have been inducted to the Pro Football Hall of Fame.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ Ha Dong-hoon (; born on August 20, 1979), better known by his stage name Haha (), is a South Korean singer, variety show host and member of Skull & Haha.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ He is best known for being in the sitcom, \"Nonstop\" and for co-hosting two popular variety programs, MBC's \"Infinite Challenge\" and SBS's \"Running Man\".", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ He has also hosted his own show, titled \"Ya Man TV\" on Mnet in 2015.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ Haha was born on August 20, 1979 in Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, West Germany and moved to Seoul, South Korea when he was an infant.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ His parents are both Korean, with his mother holding a doctorate in psychology, and he has an older sister, Ha Juri () who is a pianist, also with a doctorate.", "2010 Philadelphia Eagles season __knowledge__ The 2010 Philadelphia Eagles season was the 78th season for the team in the National Football League (NFL), who looked to improve on their 11–5 record from 2009.", "2010 Philadelphia Eagles season __knowledge__ They finished with a 10–6 record, but lost to the eventual Super Bowl champion Green Bay Packers in the Wild Card playoffs.", "2010 Philadelphia Eagles season __knowledge__ For head coach Andy Reid, this was his 12th season as the coach of the Eagles.", "2010 Philadelphia Eagles season __knowledge__ The Eagles played all of their home games at Lincoln Financial Field in Philadelphia.", "2010 Philadelphia Eagles season __knowledge__ The off-season saw a significant roster overhaul as Donovan McNabb and Brian Westbrook, two of the franchise's key players over the last decade, departed.", "Midnight green __knowledge__ Midnight green (sometimes called Eagles green) is a dark shade of green.", "Midnight green __knowledge__ It is also a dark shade of cyan.", "Midnight green __knowledge__ This can be readily ascertained by noting the fact that this color's red value is zero, and also that its green and blue values are almost equal.", "Midnight green __knowledge__ Therefore, midnight green is a shade of cyan.", "Midnight green __knowledge__ Sports", "Eagles (band) __knowledge__ The Eagles are an American rock band formed in Los Angeles in 1971.", "Eagles (band) __knowledge__ The founding members were Glenn Frey (guitars, vocals), Don Henley (drums, vocals), Bernie Leadon (guitars, vocals) and Randy Meisner (bass guitar, vocals).", "Eagles (band) __knowledge__ With five number-one singles, six Grammy Awards, five American Music Awards, and six number-one albums, the Eagles were one of the most successful musical acts of the 1970s.", "Eagles (band) __knowledge__ At the end of the 20th century, two of their albums, \"Their Greatest Hits (1971–1975)\" and \"Hotel California\", were ranked among the 20 best-selling albums in the United States according to the Recording Industry Association of America.", "Ed Rendell __knowledge__ Edward Gene Rendell (; born January 5, 1944) is an American lawyer, politician, and author who, as a member of the Democratic Party, served as the 45th Governor of Pennsylvania from 2003 to 2011 and the Mayor of the City of Philadelphia from 1992 to 2000.", "Ed Rendell __knowledge__ Born in New York City to a Jewish family from Russia, Rendell moved to Philadelphia for college, completing his B.A.", "Ed Rendell __knowledge__ from the University of Pennsylvania and J.D.", "Ed Rendell __knowledge__ from Villanova University School of Law.", "Ed Rendell __knowledge__ He was elected District Attorney of Philadelphia for two terms from 1978-86.", "Ed Rendell __knowledge__ He developed a reputation for being tough on crime, fueling a run for Governor of Pennsylvania in 1986, in which Rendell lost in the primary.", "List of Power Rangers Mystic Force characters __knowledge__ \"Power Rangers Mystic Force\" is the 2006 season of Power Rangers which tells the story of the fight between the Mystic Rangers and the evil Forces of Darkness who are trying to rule over the worlds of mortals and magic.", "List of Power Rangers Mystic Force characters __knowledge__ The powers of the Mystic Rangers are derived from beings known as the Ancient Titans, creatures with great elemental powers, symbolized by mythological creatures from various Earth mythologies on the Ranger's visors (the creatures being the phoenix, the sprite, the garuda, the minotaur and the mermaid).", "List of Power Rangers Mystic Force characters __knowledge__ To date, they are the only team of Rangers to not have some kind of team-up special with another Ranger team in their own season.", "Color __knowledge__ Color (American English) or colour (Commonwealth English) is the characteristic of human visual perception described through color \"categories\", with names such as red, blue, yellow, green, orange, or purple.", "Color __knowledge__ This perception of color derives from the stimulation of cone cells in the human eye by electromagnetic radiation in the spectrum of light.", "Color __knowledge__ Color categories and physical specifications of color are associated with objects through the wavelength of the light that is reflected from them.", "Color __knowledge__ This reflection is governed by the object's physical properties such as light absorption, emission spectra, etc.", "Violet (color) __knowledge__ Violet is the color at the end of the visible spectrum of light between blue and the invisible ultraviolet.", "Violet (color) __knowledge__ Violet color has a dominant wavelength of approximately 380-450 nanometers.", "Violet (color) __knowledge__ Light with a shorter wavelength than violet but longer than X-rays and gamma rays is called ultraviolet.", "Violet (color) __knowledge__ In the color wheel historically used by painters, it is located between blue and purple.", "Violet (color) __knowledge__ On the screens of computer monitors and television sets, a color which looks similar to violet is made, with the RGB color model, by mixing red and blue light, with the blue twice as bright as the red.", "Violet (color) __knowledge__ This is not true violet, since it is composed of multiple longer wavelengths rather than a single wavelength shorter than that of blue light.", "Color vision __knowledge__ Color vision is the ability of an organism or machine to distinguish objects based on the wavelengths (or frequencies) of the light they reflect, emit, or transmit.", "Color vision __knowledge__ Colors can be measured and quantified in various ways; indeed, a person's perception of colors is a subjective process whereby the brain responds to the stimuli that are produced when incoming light reacts with the several types of cone cells in the eye.", "Color vision __knowledge__ In essence, different people see the same illuminated object or light source in different ways.", "Color vision __knowledge__ Isaac Newton discovered that white light, after being split into its component colours when passed through a dispersive prism, could, by passing them through a different prism, be recombined to make white light.", "Spectral color __knowledge__ A spectral color is a color that is evoked in a normal human by a single wavelength of light in the visible spectrum, or by a relatively narrow band of wavelengths, also known as monochromatic light.", "Spectral color __knowledge__ Every wavelength of visible light is perceived as a spectral color, in a continuous spectrum; the colors of sufficiently close wavelengths are indistinguishable.", "Spectral color __knowledge__ The spectrum is often divided into named colors, though any division is somewhat arbitrary: the spectrum is continuous.", "Spectral color __knowledge__ Traditional colors in English include: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, and violet.", "Spectral color __knowledge__ In some other languages the ranges corresponding to color names do not necessarily agree with those in English.", "Ultraviolet __knowledge__ Ultraviolet (UV) is an electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength from 10 nm to 400 nm, shorter than that of visible light but longer than X-rays.", "Ultraviolet __knowledge__ UV radiation constitutes about 10% of the total light output of the Sun, and is thus present in sunlight.", "Ultraviolet __knowledge__ It is also produced by electric arcs and specialized lights, such as mercury-vapor lamps, tanning lamps, and black lights.", "Ultraviolet __knowledge__ Although it's not considered an ionizing radiation because its photons lack the energy to ionize atoms, long-wavelength ultraviolet radiation can cause chemical reactions and causes many substances to glow or fluoresce.", "Ultraviolet __knowledge__ Consequently, the chemical and biological effects of UV are greater than simple heating effects, and many practical applications of UV radiation derive from its interactions with organic molecules.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Color blindness, also known as color vision deficiency, is the decreased ability to see color or differences in color.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Color blindness can make some educational activities difficult.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Buying fruit, picking clothing, and reading traffic lights can be more challenging, for example.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Problems, however, are generally minor and most people adapt.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ People with total color blindness, however, may also have decreased visual acuity and be uncomfortable in bright environments.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ The most common cause of color blindness is an inherited fault in the development of one or more of the three sets of color sensing cones in the eye." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Purple __knowledge__ Purple is a color intermediate between blue and red.", "Purple __knowledge__ It is similar to violet, but unlike violet, which is a spectral color with its own wavelength on the visible spectrum of light, purple is a composite color made by combining red and blue.", "Purple __knowledge__ According to surveys in Europe and the U.S., purple is the color most often associated with royalty, magic, mystery and piety.", "Purple __knowledge__ When combined with pink, it is associated with eroticism, femininity and seduction.", "Purple __knowledge__ Purple was the color worn by Roman magistrates; it became the imperial color worn by the rulers of the Byzantine Empire and the Holy Roman Empire, and later by Roman Catholic bishops.", "Purple __knowledge__ Similarly in Japan, the color is traditionally associated with the Emperor and aristocracy.", "Purple __knowledge__ The complementary color of purple is yellow.", "Purple __knowledge__ The word 'purple' comes from the Old English word \"purpul\" which derives from Latin \"purpura\", in turn from the Greek (\"porphura\"), name of the Tyrian purple dye manufactured in classical antiquity from a mucus secreted by the spiny dye-murex snail.", "Purple __knowledge__ The first recorded use of the word 'purple' in the English language was in the year 975 AD.", "Purple __knowledge__ In heraldry, the word \"purpure\" is used for purple.", "Purple __knowledge__ In the traditional color wheel used by painters, violet and purple are both placed between red and blue.", "Nemahil __knowledge__ Nemahil (, also Romanized as Nemahīl; also known as Kamhīl, Nemhel, Neymhel, Nimāhil, Nīmeh Ḩīl, Nīmeh Hīl, Nīmhel, and Nimiil”) is a village in Khvoresh Rostam-e Jonubi Rural District, Khvoresh Rostam District, Khalkhal County, Ardabil Province, Iran.", "Nemahil __knowledge__ At the 2006 census, its population was 791, in 186 families.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ \"\" is a manga series written by Yūto Tsukuda and illustrated by Shun Saeki, serialized in \"Weekly Shōnen Jump\".", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ 27 tankōbon volumes have been released.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ An anime adaptation has aired 49 episodes over 3 seasons.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ The story follows protagonist and title character Sōma Yukihira as he transfers to the elite Tōtsuki Culinary Academy, an extremely competitive atmosphere, where only the top 1% of students graduate in.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ Under the motto \"Cooking is Everything\", students are judged on their cooking for admission to the academy and in many classes, tournaments and events.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ Competition may lead to a Shokugeki, a cooking match held in an indoor stadium, where students stake their pride and futures as chefs.", "List of Rebelde characters __knowledge__ This article contains a list of characters from the telenovela \"Rebelde\".", "List of Rebelde characters __knowledge__ \"Rebelde\" features several different plotlines, many of which are put on hold for several episodes before they are resumed.", "List of Rebelde characters __knowledge__ Many of the minor characters often play central roles for a single episode before returning to the background.", "List of Rebelde characters __knowledge__ Mía Colucci Caceres is Franco Colucci's only daughter with his first wife, Marina Caceres.", "List of Rebelde characters __knowledge__ The most popular girl at Elite Way School, she comes from a wealthy and privileged family who lives in Mexico City.", "List of Rebelde characters __knowledge__ Spoiled and self-centered, she however can be very loyal, attentive and tender towards those she loves.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "List of Rebelde Way characters __knowledge__ The article contains a list of main characters in \"Rebelde Way\" (2002–2003), an Argentine telenovela, which was very successful in the time of its broadcasting.", "List of Rebelde Way characters __knowledge__ It was produced by Cris Morena.", "List of Rebelde Way characters __knowledge__ The band Erreway was formed during the development of this telenovela.", "List of Rebelde Way characters __knowledge__ Marizza is a main character of Rebelde Way and one of the four band members of Erreway.", "List of Rebelde Way characters __knowledge__ She is a very rebellious and extroverted, but also sensitive teenager because her lone mother Sonia, a popular Argentinian celebrity, never set any bounds to her.", "List of Rebelde Way characters __knowledge__ To change this Fabricio Spirito, who supposed to be Marizza's biological father, forces her to attend the Elite Way School, a boarding school for privileged adolescents.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "List of Gaunt's Ghosts characters __knowledge__ This list is of characters featured in the \"Gaunt's Ghosts\" series of novels by Dan Abnett, which are set in the fictional \"Warhammer 40,000\" universe.", "List of Gaunt's Ghosts characters __knowledge__ Biographical details are included.", "List of Gaunt's Ghosts characters __knowledge__ Colonel-Commissar Ibram Gaunt is the commanding officer of the Tanith First-and-Only during the Sabbat Worlds Crusade.", "List of Gaunt's Ghosts characters __knowledge__ Not much is known of Gaunt's past prior to his training under Commissar-General Delane Oktar, but several flashbacks in \"First and Only\" tell enough to form a picture of his early years (according to the records, his mother died shortly after he was born and his father was killed in action by Orks on the planet Kentaur).", "Ramdev Film Ciity __knowledge__ Ramdev Film Ciity is an Indian film studio and recording studio at Vasai-Virar in Mumbai Metropolitan Region founded by Ramdev Group.", "Ramdev Film Ciity __knowledge__ Ramdev Film Ciity has a world class production and allied facilities and is spread in over nine acres of lush greenery and is located at a mere 30 minutes drive from the International Airport and approximately 10 minutes drive from Dahisar Check Naka.", "Ramdev Film Ciity __knowledge__ Ramdev Film Ciity is the brainchild of one man’s vision, hailing from a small village in Kutch, Gujarat, Mr. Mahendra Sangoi, founder of Ramdev Group.", "Ramdev Film Ciity __knowledge__ Ramdev Film Ciity has a world class filming facility and future friendly shooting services, all under one umbrella.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ This Is England '86 is a 2010 British drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne, a spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\".", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Set three years later, it focuses on the mod revival scene rather than the skinhead subculture, with the gang variously adopting an eclectic mix of clothing styles.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Like the film version previously, Thomas Turgoose stars as Shaun, with central roles played by Joe Gilgun as Woody, now a scooter-riding mod, although girlfriend Lol (Vicky McClure) and her friend Trev stay loyal to their roots and still wear the skinhead garb.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Lol's sister Kelly has gone new wave/punk, while other gang members adopt psychobilly, early chav and mohican influences.", "LOL __knowledge__ LOL, or lol, is an acronym for laugh(ing) out loud or lots of laughs, and a popular element of Internet slang.", "LOL __knowledge__ It was first used almost exclusively on Usenet, but has since become widespread in other forms of computer-mediated communication and even face-to-face communication.", "LOL __knowledge__ It is one of many initialisms for expressing bodily reactions, in particular laughter, as text, including initialisms for more emphatic expressions of laughter such as LMAO (\"laugh(ing) my ass off\") and ROFL (or its older form ROTFL; \"roll(ing) on the floor laughing\").", "LOL __knowledge__ Other unrelated expansions include the now mostly obsolete \"lots of luck\" or \"lots of love\" used in letter-writing.", "Royalty payment __knowledge__ A royalty is a payment made by one party, the licensee or franchisee to another that owns a particular asset, the licensor or franchisor for the right to ongoing use of that asset.", "Royalty payment __knowledge__ Royalties are typically agreed upon as a percentage of gross or net revenues derived from the use of an asset or a fixed price per unit sold of an item of such, but there are also other modes and metrics of compensation.", "Royalty payment __knowledge__ A royalty interest is the right to collect a stream of future royalty payments.", "Royalty payment __knowledge__ A license agreement defines the terms under which a resource or property are licensed by one party to another, either without restriction or subject to a limitation on term, business or geographic territory, type of product, etc.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Robert James Smith (born 21 April 1959) is an English singer, songwriter and musician.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ He is the lead singer, guitarist, multi instrumentalist, lyricist, principal songwriter and only consistent member of the rock band The Cure, which he co-founded in 1976.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ He was also the lead guitarist for the band Siouxsie and the Banshees from 1982 to 1984 and was part of the short-lived group The Glove in 1983.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Smith is known for his distinctive voice and unique stage look, the latter of which was influential on the Goth subculture that rose to prominence in the 1980s.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Smith was born in the Lancashire town of Blackpool and is the third of four children born to James Alexander and Rita Mary (née Emmott) Smith.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ Le ravissement de Lol V. Stein is a novel written by Marguerite Duras and published in France by Gallimard in 1964.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ The text was translated by Richard Seaver and published as \"The Ravishing of Lol Stein\" in the US by Grove Press in 1966.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ The text was also translated by Eileen Ellenbogen in the UK as \"The rapture of Lol V. Stein\" for Hamish Hamilton in 1967.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ At the beginning of the novel, Lol Stein (her middle initial is omitted in the English translation) is a woman in her thirties.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ She was born and raised in South Tahla in a bourgeois family and is engaged to Michael Richardson at 19.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ However, at a ball in the seaside resort of Town Beach, Michael Richardson leaves Lol for Anne-Marie Stretter, an older woman." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Purple __knowledge__ Purple is a color intermediate between blue and red.", "Purple __knowledge__ It is similar to violet, but unlike violet, which is a spectral color with its own wavelength on the visible spectrum of light, purple is a composite color made by combining red and blue.", "Purple __knowledge__ According to surveys in Europe and the U.S., purple is the color most often associated with royalty, magic, mystery and piety.", "Purple __knowledge__ When combined with pink, it is associated with eroticism, femininity and seduction.", "Purple __knowledge__ Purple was the color worn by Roman magistrates; it became the imperial color worn by the rulers of the Byzantine Empire and the Holy Roman Empire, and later by Roman Catholic bishops.", "Purple __knowledge__ Similarly in Japan, the color is traditionally associated with the Emperor and aristocracy.", "Purple __knowledge__ The complementary color of purple is yellow.", "Purple __knowledge__ The word 'purple' comes from the Old English word \"purpul\" which derives from Latin \"purpura\", in turn from the Greek (\"porphura\"), name of the Tyrian purple dye manufactured in classical antiquity from a mucus secreted by the spiny dye-murex snail.", "Purple __knowledge__ The first recorded use of the word 'purple' in the English language was in the year 975 AD.", "Purple __knowledge__ In heraldry, the word \"purpure\" is used for purple.", "Purple __knowledge__ In the traditional color wheel used by painters, violet and purple are both placed between red and blue.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that were introduced in CBBC's \"The Dumping Ground\".", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ The series is based on The Story of Tracy Beaker by Jacqueline Wilson.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ It has aired since 2013 and is currently airing the fifth series.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ The series follows \"The Story of Tracy Beaker\" that ran for five series from 2002 to 2005, and \"Tracy Beaker Returns\" that ran for three series from 2010 to 2012.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ Connor Byrne has played the role of Mike Milligan for all three programmes.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ Faith Davis is a resident of Elm Tree House and Ashdene Ridge during the first two series of \"The Dumping Ground\".", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ She is portrayed by Leanne Dunstan.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "List of EastEnders characters (2017) __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that first appeared in the BBC soap opera \"EastEnders\" in 2017, by order of first appearance.", "List of EastEnders characters (2017) __knowledge__ All characters are introduced by the show's executive producer Sean O'Connor or, from 27 November, his successor as executive consultant, John Yorke.", "List of EastEnders characters (2017) __knowledge__ The first character to be introduced was Keegan Baker (Zack Morris), a friend of Shakil Kazemi (Shaheen Jafargholi), followed by Emerald Fox (Doña Croll), the mother of Denise Fox (Diane Parish) and Kim Fox-Hubbard (Tameka Empson).", "List of EastEnders characters (2017) __knowledge__ Madison Drake (Seraphina Beh), Alexandra D'Costa (Sydney Craven) and Travis Law-Hughes (Alex James-Phelps), three new teenage characters, were also introduced in January as well as their school teacher Mr Gethin Pryce (Cerith Flinn) and Hugo Browning (Simon Williams), the chairman of Weyland & Co.", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ This article contains detailed descriptions of characters of the teen sci-fi TV show \"The Tribe\".", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ Like many other soaps the series had a large number of characters that increased as the series progressed.", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ Most of the main characters were members of the Mall Rats at one point or another.", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ Alice, played by Vanessa Stacey, is a member of the Mall Rats on the television series \"The Tribe\".", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ She originally was the leader of the Farm Girls.", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ She appears in episodes 132, 203 - 352, 547 - 548, 551.", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ Alice is fun loving and can be rowdy, but deep down she is kind and sensitive and has wisdom.", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ She is angry at injustice and has a hot temper.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "List of Horrid Henry characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that appear in the British series of children's books, \"Horrid Henry\", written by Francesca Simon.", "List of Horrid Henry characters __knowledge__ It also includes names from the CITV TV series of the same name.", "List of Horrid Henry characters __knowledge__ Aerobic Al is an extremely athletic boy, who is often displayed engaging in various athletic endavours.", "List of Horrid Henry characters __knowledge__ He has blonde hair and is shown to be one of Henry's close friends.", "List of Horrid Henry characters __knowledge__ He is often seen with Ralph and Bert.", "List of Horrid Henry characters __knowledge__ He loves Fuzzy Gumball Sweets as shown in Horrid Henry's Sports Day.", "List of Horrid Henry characters __knowledge__ He wears a white shirt with blue collars and shorts, and teal keds.", "List of Horrid Henry characters __knowledge__ In the TV series, he speaks with a Birmingham accent and is voiced by Wayne Forester.", "Pink __knowledge__ Pink is a pale red color that is named after a flower of the same name.", "Pink __knowledge__ It was first used as a color name in the late 17th century.", "Pink __knowledge__ According to surveys in Europe and the United States, pink is the color most often associated with charm, politeness, sensitivity, tenderness, sweetness, childhood, femininity and the romantic.", "Pink __knowledge__ It is associated with chastity and innocence when combined with white, but associated with eroticism and seduction when combined with purple or black.", "Pink __knowledge__ The color pink is named after the flowers, pinks, flowering plants in the genus \"Dianthus,\" and derives from the frilled edge of the flowers.", "Ramdev Film Ciity __knowledge__ Ramdev Film Ciity is an Indian film studio and recording studio at Vasai-Virar in Mumbai Metropolitan Region founded by Ramdev Group.", "Ramdev Film Ciity __knowledge__ Ramdev Film Ciity has a world class production and allied facilities and is spread in over nine acres of lush greenery and is located at a mere 30 minutes drive from the International Airport and approximately 10 minutes drive from Dahisar Check Naka.", "Ramdev Film Ciity __knowledge__ Ramdev Film Ciity is the brainchild of one man’s vision, hailing from a small village in Kutch, Gujarat, Mr. Mahendra Sangoi, founder of Ramdev Group.", "Ramdev Film Ciity __knowledge__ Ramdev Film Ciity has a world class filming facility and future friendly shooting services, all under one umbrella.", "Femininity __knowledge__ Femininity (also called girlishness, womanliness or womanhood) is a set of attributes, behaviors, and roles generally associated with girls and women.", "Femininity __knowledge__ Femininity is socially constructed, but made up of both socially-defined and biologically-created factors.", "Femininity __knowledge__ This makes it distinct from the definition of the biological female sex, as both males and females can exhibit feminine traits.", "Femininity __knowledge__ Traits traditionally cited as feminine include gentleness, empathy, and sensitivity, though traits associated with femininity vary depending on location and context, and are influenced by a variety of social and cultural factors.", "Seduction community __knowledge__ The seduction community, also known as the pick-up artist, PUA, or pickup community, is a movement of men whose goal is seduction and sexual success with/access to women.", "Seduction community __knowledge__ Members of the community are often referred to as \"pickup artists\" (PUA).", "Seduction community __knowledge__ The community exists through Internet newsletters and weblogs, marketing (e.g.", "Seduction community __knowledge__ banner ads, seminars, one-on-one coaching), forums and groups, as well as over a hundred local clubs, known as \"lairs\".", "Seduction community __knowledge__ The rise of \"seduction science\", \"game\", or \"studied charisma\", as it is often called, has been attributed to the \"chaotic\" modern dating scene reportedly as a result of the increased empowerment and equality of women in western society and changes to traditional gender roles combined with the influence of distinct biological imperatives in men and women.", "Seduction __knowledge__ Seduction is the process of deliberately enticing a person, to engage in a relationship, to lead astray, as from duty, rectitude, or the like; to corrupt, to persuade or induce to engage in sexual behaviour.", "Seduction __knowledge__ Strategies of seduction include, conversation and sexual scripts, paralingual features, non-verbal communication and short term behavioural strategies.", "Seduction __knowledge__ The word \"seduction\" stems from Latin and means literally \"leading astray\".", "Seduction __knowledge__ As a result, the term may have a positive or negative connotation.", "Seduction __knowledge__ Famous seducers from history or legend include Lilith, Giacomo Casanova and the fictional character Don Juan.", "Bel-imperia __knowledge__ Bel-imperia is a character in Thomas Kyd’s \"The Spanish Tragedy\".", "Bel-imperia __knowledge__ She is the daughter of the Duke of Castile, the sister of Lorenzo, and the lover of the dead Don Andrea.", "Bel-imperia __knowledge__ Throughout the play, Bel-imperia attempts to avenge the death of Don Andrea.", "Bel-imperia __knowledge__ She begins by feigning a relationship with Horatio to “spite the prince that wrought his end”, then joins forces with Hieronimo to eventually murder Balthazar and complete her revenge mission.", "Bel-imperia __knowledge__ However, critics view Bel-imperia in various roles based on her actions throughout the play.", "Bel-imperia __knowledge__ Bel-imperia in Thomas Kyd’s \"Spanish Tragedy\" has been viewed in numerous ways.", "List of Game &amp; Watch games __knowledge__ This is a list of \"Game & Watch\" games released by Nintendo, along with their format and date of release, if known.", "List of Game &amp; Watch games __knowledge__ See lists of video games for related lists.", "List of Game &amp; Watch games __knowledge__ Several of these games were collected and re-released as ports for the \"Game & Watch Gallery\" series for Game Boy, Game Boy Color and Game Boy Advance.", "List of Game &amp; Watch games __knowledge__ The games also were re-released as stand-alone titles for the Nintendo Mini Classics series in the late 1990s.", "List of Game &amp; Watch games __knowledge__ Digital versions of the games were created as DSiWare which was released for Nintendo DSi in 2009 (2010 internationally) and for Nintendo 3DS in 2011.", "List of Game &amp; Watch games __knowledge__ Ball (originally known as \"Toss-Up\" in North America) is a \"Game & Watch\" game released as a part of the Silver series on April 28, 1980." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 4, 7 ]

[ "My favorite color is blue but i like purple too! It's a color intermediate between blue and red", "most people confuse purple and violet. they are somewhat similar but biolet is a spectral color with its own wavelength on the visible spectrum of light and purple is just a combination of red and blue", "lol that's good. In Europe and US purple is always assosiated with royalty, magic and mystery", "but if it's combined with pink it is assosiated with eroticism, femininity and seduction :)", "I love wearing a purple skirt with a yellow top. yellow is the complimentary color of purple" ]

[ "Purple", "Purple", "Purple", "Purple", "Purple" ]

[ "Association football\nI love to play Association football, I love the skill and mental aspect of the game. Do you like to play?", "Yes, and soccer has been part of the Olympics (men) since 1900 and womens since 1996.", "Isn't that amazing? Have you ever gone to a soccer game? It is truly a lot of fun!", "When I was younger, I wanted to be a soccer player as my profession. Unfortunately, I just wasn't good enough and ended up playing basketball.", "There is actually an ancient version of the game, I believe it was called Tsu Chu and was played during the Han Dynasty! Can you imagine?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Association football __knowledge__ Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a team sport played between two teams of eleven players with a spherical ball.", "Association football __knowledge__ It is played by 250 million players in over 200 countries and dependencies, making it the world's most popular sport.", "Association football __knowledge__ The game is played on a rectangular field with a goal at each end.", "Association football __knowledge__ The object of the game is to score by getting the ball into the opposing goal.", "Association football __knowledge__ Players are not allowed to touch the ball with their hands or arms while it is in play, unless they are goalkeepers (and then only when within their penalty area).", "Association football __knowledge__ Other players mainly use their feet to strike or pass the ball, but may also use any part of their body except the hands and the arms.", "Association football __knowledge__ The team that scores the most goals by the end of the match wins.", "Association football __knowledge__ If the score is level at the end of the game, either a draw is declared or the game goes into extra time or a penalty shootout depending on the format of the competition.", "Association football __knowledge__ The Laws of the Game were originally codified in England by The Football Association in 1863.", "Association football __knowledge__ Association football is governed internationally by the International Federation of Association Football (FIFA; ), which organises World Cups for both men and women every four years.", "History of association football __knowledge__ Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, can be traced to as far back as the Medieval period in Britain (medieval football).", "History of association football __knowledge__ The modern game of association football originates from the formation of The Football Association in London, England in 1863 based on multiple efforts to standardize the varying forms of the game.", "History of association football __knowledge__ This allowed clubs to play each other without dispute and which specifically banned handling of the ball (except by goalkeepers) and hacking during open field play.", "History of association football __knowledge__ After the fifth meeting of the association a schism emerged between association football and the rules played by the Rugby school, later to be called rugby football.", "BDSM __knowledge__ BDSM is a variety of often erotic practices or roleplaying involving bondage, discipline, dominance and submission, sadomasochism, and other related interpersonal dynamics.", "BDSM __knowledge__ Given the wide range of practices, some of which may be engaged in by people who do not consider themselves as practicing BDSM, inclusion in the BDSM community or subculture is usually dependent upon self-identification and shared experience.", "BDSM __knowledge__ The term \"BDSM\" is first recorded in a Usenet posting from 1991, and is interpreted as a combination of the abbreviations B/D (Bondage and Discipline), D/s (Dominance and submission), and S/M (Sadism and Masochism).", "Rugby league in England __knowledge__ Rugby league is played across England but is most popular in Northern England, especially Yorkshire and Lancashire where the game originated.", "Rugby league in England __knowledge__ These areas are the heartland of rugby league.", "Rugby league in England __knowledge__ The sport is also popular in Cumbria where the amateur game is particularly powerful.", "Rugby league in England __knowledge__ Within its Northern heartlands, rugby league is often referred to as \"rugby\", a term that in the rest of England would normally refer to rugby union, and occasionally as \"football\", which even in the North of England normally refers to association football.", "Rugby league in England __knowledge__ Rugby has long been popular in the North of England and by the 1880s the region's clubs had come to dominate.", "Mountain Play Association __knowledge__ The Mountain Play Association is a 501(c)3 organization responsible for the production of theatrical events at the Sidney B. Cushing Amphitheater on Mount Tamalpais in Marin County, California.", "Mountain Play Association __knowledge__ The stone amphitheater, named for the owner of the railroad company which constructed the Mount Tamalpais Scenic Railway, is at an elevation of 2,000 feet and has 4,000 seats.", "Mountain Play Association __knowledge__ The organization was founded in 1913, and is a member of Theatre Bay Area and the North Bay Theatre Group.", "Mountain Play Association __knowledge__ The Mountain Play presents one musical a year, in May and June.", "Mountain Play Association __knowledge__ In 2014, they presented \"South Pacific\", from May 18 through June 15.", "Queen's Park F.C. __knowledge__ Queen's Park Football Club is a Scottish football club based in Glasgow.", "Queen's Park F.C. __knowledge__ The club is currently the only fully amateur club in the Scottish Professional Football League; its amateur status is reflected by its Latin motto, \"Ludere Causa Ludendi\" – \"to play for the sake of playing\".", "Queen's Park F.C. __knowledge__ Queen's Park is the oldest association football club in Scotland, having been founded in 1867, and is the oldest outside England and Wales.", "Queen's Park F.C. __knowledge__ Queen's Park is also the only Scottish football club to have played in the FA Cup Final, achieving this feat in both 1884 and 1885.", "Queen's Park F.C. __knowledge__ The club's home is a Category 4 stadium; the all-seated Hampden Park in South East Glasgow, which is also the home of the Scottish national team.", "Football in Japan __knowledge__ Association football is one of the most popular sports in Japan.", "Football in Japan __knowledge__ Its nationwide organization, Japan Football Association, administers the professional football league, J.", "Football in Japan __knowledge__ League, which is the most successful association football league in Asia.", "Football in Japan __knowledge__ Baseball is the most popular sport in Japan, followed by association football.", "Football in Japan __knowledge__ Although the official English name of the Japan Football Association uses the term \"football\", the term \"sakkā\" (サッカー), derived from \"soccer\", is much more commonly used than \"futtobōru\" (フットボール).", "Football in Japan __knowledge__ The JFA's Japanese name is \"Nippon Sakkā Kyōkai\".", "Football in Japan __knowledge__ Before World War II the term in general use was \"shūkyū\" (蹴球, \"kick-ball\"), a Sino-Japanese term.", "Process philosophy __knowledge__ Process philosophy (also ontology of becoming, processism, or philosophy of organism) identifies metaphysical reality with change and development.", "Process philosophy __knowledge__ Since the time of Plato and Aristotle, philosophers have posited true reality as \"timeless\", based on permanent substances, while processes are denied or subordinated to timeless substances.", "Process philosophy __knowledge__ If Socrates changes, becoming sick, Socrates is still the same (the substance of Socrates being the same), and change (his sickness) only glides over his substance: change is accidental, whereas the substance is essential.", "Process philosophy __knowledge__ Therefore, classic ontology denies any full reality to change, which is conceived as only accidental and not essential." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Association football __knowledge__ Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a team sport played between two teams of eleven players with a spherical ball.", "Association football __knowledge__ It is played by 250 million players in over 200 countries and dependencies, making it the world's most popular sport.", "Association football __knowledge__ The game is played on a rectangular field with a goal at each end.", "Association football __knowledge__ The object of the game is to score by getting the ball into the opposing goal.", "Association football __knowledge__ Players are not allowed to touch the ball with their hands or arms while it is in play, unless they are goalkeepers (and then only when within their penalty area).", "Association football __knowledge__ Other players mainly use their feet to strike or pass the ball, but may also use any part of their body except the hands and the arms.", "Association football __knowledge__ The team that scores the most goals by the end of the match wins.", "Association football __knowledge__ If the score is level at the end of the game, either a draw is declared or the game goes into extra time or a penalty shootout depending on the format of the competition.", "Association football __knowledge__ The Laws of the Game were originally codified in England by The Football Association in 1863.", "Association football __knowledge__ Association football is governed internationally by the International Federation of Association Football (FIFA; ), which organises World Cups for both men and women every four years.", "2000s Australian drought __knowledge__ The 2000s drought in Australia, also known as the \"Millennium drought\" is said by some to be the worst drought recorded since European settlement.", "2000s Australian drought __knowledge__ This drought affected most of southern Australia, including its largest cities and largest agricultural region (the Murray–Darling basin).", "2000s Australian drought __knowledge__ It commenced with low rainfall conditions in late 1996 and through 1997, and worsened through particularly dry years in 2001 and 2002.", "2000s Australian drought __knowledge__ By 2003 it was recognised as the worst drought on record.", "2000s Australian drought __knowledge__ The year 2006 to 2008 was the driest on record for many parts of the country and conditions remained hot and dry through to early 2010.", "History of female professional bodybuilding __knowledge__ The history of female professional bodybuilding dates back to August 18, 1978, when promoter George Snyder organized the IFBB Best in the World competition, which was the first IFBB sanctioned event for female bodybuilding.", "History of female professional bodybuilding __knowledge__ On February 28, 2003, the 17th IFBB Ms. International competition was held as part of the Arnold Sports Festival at the Greater Columbus Convention Center and the Franklin County Veterans Memorial in Columbus, Ohio.", "History of female professional bodybuilding __knowledge__ This was Yaxeni Oriquen-Garcia's 2nd IFBB Ms. International overall and heavyweight title, while Catherine Priest won her 1st lightweight IFBB Ms. International title.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Tsawwassen __knowledge__ Tsawwassen (; from sc̓əwaθən, meaning \"facing the ocean\") is a suburban, mostly residential community located on a peninsula in the southwestern corner of the Municipality of Delta, British Columbia, Canada.", "Tsawwassen __knowledge__ Tsawwassen provides the only road access to the community of Point Roberts, Washington via 56th Street.", "Tsawwassen __knowledge__ It is also the location of Tsawwassen Ferry Terminal, part of the BC Ferries, built in 1959 to provide foot-passenger and motor vehicle access from the Lower Mainland to the southern part of Vancouver Island and the Southern Gulf Islands.", "Tsawwassen __knowledge__ Because Tsawwassen touches a shallow bank, the ferry terminal is built at the southwestern end of a long causeway that juts out into the Strait of Georgia.", "SMAP __knowledge__ SMAP was a Japanese boy band, composed of Masahiro Nakai, Takuya Kimura, Goro Inagaki, Tsuyoshi Kusanagi, and Shingo Katori.", "SMAP __knowledge__ The group was created in 1988 by music producer Johnny Kitagawa, founder of Johnny & Associates, originally as a six-piece with Katsuyuki Mori, until his departure from the band in 1996.", "SMAP __knowledge__ After making their debut in 1991, the group took the Japanese entertainment industry by storm, becoming the most successful boy band in Japanese history and the bestselling band in Asia, often referred to as a \"national treasure\" and a \"fortune and property of the country\" in Japan.", "SMAP __knowledge__ SMAP was regarded as an iconic figure in Japan, after achieving an unprecedented level of success in numerous genres in the entertainment industry, including music, television, film, radio, and theater, as a group and individually.", "Soccer in the United States __knowledge__ Soccer in the United States is governed by the United States Soccer Federation.", "Soccer in the United States __knowledge__ The organization governs most levels of soccer in the country, including the national teams, professional leagues, and the amateur game with the exception of colleges and high schools.", "Soccer in the United States __knowledge__ , over 24.4 million people play soccer in the United States.", "Soccer in the United States __knowledge__ In 2012, the U.S. Census Bureau reported that soccer was the third-most played team sport in the U.S., behind only basketball and baseball.", "Soccer in the United States __knowledge__ The popularity of the sport in the U.S. has been growing since the 1960s and 1970s, and received a significant boost when the United States hosted the 1994 FIFA World Cup and 1999 FIFA Women's World Cup.", "Early history of American football __knowledge__ The early history of American football can be traced to early versions of rugby football and association football.", "Early history of American football __knowledge__ Both games have their origin in varieties of football played in Britain in the mid–19th century, in which a football is kicked at a goal or run over a line, which in turn were based on the varieties of English public school football games.", "Early history of American football __knowledge__ American football resulted from several major divergences from association football and rugby football, most notably the rule changes instituted by Walter Camp, a Yale University and Hopkins School graduate considered to be the \"father of gridiron football\".", "Australian Football League __knowledge__ The Australian Football League (AFL) is the pre-eminent professional competition in the sport of Australian rules football.", "Australian Football League __knowledge__ Through the AFL Commission, the AFL also serves as the sport's governing body, and is responsible for controlling the laws of the game.", "Australian Football League __knowledge__ The league was founded as the Victorian Football League (VFL) as a breakaway from the previous Victorian Football Association (VFA), with its inaugural season commencing in 1897.", "Australian Football League __knowledge__ Originally comprising only teams based in the Australian state of Victoria, the competition's name was changed to the Australian Football League for the 1990 season, after expanding to other states throughout the 1980s.", "Yankees–Red Sox rivalry __knowledge__ The Yankees–Red Sox rivalry is a Major League Baseball (MLB) rivalry between the New York Yankees and Boston Red Sox.", "Yankees–Red Sox rivalry __knowledge__ The two teams have competed in MLB's American League (AL) for over 100 seasons and have since developed one of the fiercest rivalries in American sports.", "Yankees–Red Sox rivalry __knowledge__ In 1919, Red Sox owner Harry Frazee sold star player Babe Ruth to the Yankees, which was followed by an 86-year period in which the Red Sox did not win a World Series.", "Yankees–Red Sox rivalry __knowledge__ This led to the popularization of a superstition known as the \"Curse of the Bambino\", which was one of the most well-known aspects of the rivalry.", "Yankees–Red Sox rivalry __knowledge__ The rivalry is often a heated subject of conversation, especially in the home region of both teams, the Northeastern United States.", "College football __knowledge__ College football is American football played by teams of student athletes fielded by American universities, colleges, and military academies, or Canadian football played by teams of student athletes fielded by Canadian universities.", "College football __knowledge__ It was through college football play that American football rules first gained popularity in the United States.", "College football __knowledge__ Unlike most other sports in North America, no minor league farm organizations exist in American or Canadian football.", "College football __knowledge__ Therefore, college football is generally considered to be the second tier of American football in the United States and Canadian football in Canada; one step ahead of high school competition, and one step below professional competition.", "2005–06 NCAA football bowl games __knowledge__ The 2005–06 NCAA football bowl games were a series of 28 post-season games (including the Bowl Championship Series) that was played in December 2005 and January 2006 for Division I-A football teams and all-stars from Divisions I-AA, II, and III, as well as from the NAIA.", "2005–06 NCAA football bowl games __knowledge__ The post-season began with the New Orleans Bowl on December 20, 2005, and concluded with the Senior Bowl, played on January 28, 2006.", "2005–06 NCAA football bowl games __knowledge__ For the second consecutive year, the 28 team-competitive bowl games were played by 56 teams with winning records, as no teams with non-winning seasons (6–6, or .500) were invited to participate in bowl games.", "Exhibition game __knowledge__ An exhibition game (also known as a friendly, a scrimmage, a demonstration, a preseason game, a warmup match, or a preparation match, depending at least in part on the sport) is a sporting event whose prize money and impact on the player's or the team's rankings is either zero or otherwise greatly reduced.", "Exhibition game __knowledge__ In team sports, matches of this type are often used to help coaches and managers select and condition players for the competitive matches of a league season or tournament.", "Exhibition game __knowledge__ If the players usually play in different teams in other leagues, exhibition games offer an opportunity for the players to learn to work with each other.", "World Series __knowledge__ The World Series is the annual championship series of Major League Baseball (MLB) in North America, contested since 1903 between the American League (AL) champion team and the National League (NL) champion team.", "World Series __knowledge__ The winner of the World Series championship is determined through a best-of-seven playoff, and the winning team is awarded the Commissioner's Trophy.", "World Series __knowledge__ As the series is played during the fall season in North America, it is sometimes referred to as the Fall Classic.", "World Series __knowledge__ Prior to 1969, the team with the best regular season win-loss record in each league automatically advanced to the World Series; since then each league has conducted a championship series (ALCS and NLCS) preceding the World Series to determine which teams will advance." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Association football __knowledge__ Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a team sport played between two teams of eleven players with a spherical ball.", "Association football __knowledge__ It is played by 250 million players in over 200 countries and dependencies, making it the world's most popular sport.", "Association football __knowledge__ The game is played on a rectangular field with a goal at each end.", "Association football __knowledge__ The object of the game is to score by getting the ball into the opposing goal.", "Association football __knowledge__ Players are not allowed to touch the ball with their hands or arms while it is in play, unless they are goalkeepers (and then only when within their penalty area).", "Association football __knowledge__ Other players mainly use their feet to strike or pass the ball, but may also use any part of their body except the hands and the arms.", "Association football __knowledge__ The team that scores the most goals by the end of the match wins.", "Association football __knowledge__ If the score is level at the end of the game, either a draw is declared or the game goes into extra time or a penalty shootout depending on the format of the competition.", "Association football __knowledge__ The Laws of the Game were originally codified in England by The Football Association in 1863.", "Association football __knowledge__ Association football is governed internationally by the International Federation of Association Football (FIFA; ), which organises World Cups for both men and women every four years.", "Chop Chop (series) __knowledge__ Chop Chop is a series of iOS video games developed by Gamerizon since 2009.", "Chop Chop (series) __knowledge__ The games in the series cover a wide variety of game types, primarily action and sports games, though they generally share a common art style.", "Chop Chop (series) __knowledge__ According to Gamerizon, 15 million \"Chop Chop\" games were downloaded by 2011 on the App Store and six of those have been downloaded a million times each.", "Chop Chop (series) __knowledge__ \"Chop Chop Ninja\" is an iOS game developed by Gamerizon and released on December 25, 2009.", "Chop Chop (series) __knowledge__ The game has a Metacritic rating of 75% based on 4 critic ratings.", "Chop Chop (series) __knowledge__ AppSpy wrote \"If you enjoy platformers, Chop Chop Ninja is worth a play for its style, and its controls. \"", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "Mega Man Soccer __knowledge__ Mega Man Soccer, released in Japan as , is an association football (soccer) sports video game for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System.", "Mega Man Soccer __knowledge__ The game is based on the original \"Mega Man\" series of action-platform games.", "Mega Man Soccer __knowledge__ \"Mega Man Soccer\" was released in Japan on February 17, 1994 and in North America in April of that same year.", "Mega Man Soccer __knowledge__ \"Mega Man Soccer\" is a traditional soccer game with exhibition matches, tournaments, and leagues that can be played both single-player and multiplayer depending on the mode.", "Mega Man Soccer __knowledge__ The game features characters and Robot Masters from previous entries in the original \"Mega Man\" series.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ The films listed below have been cited by a variety of notable critics in varying media sources as being among the worst films ever made.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ Examples of such sources include Metacritic, Roger Ebert's list of most-hated films, \"The Golden Turkey Awards\", \"Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide\", Rotten Tomatoes, the Stinkers Bad Movie Awards, \"Mystery Science Theater 3000\", and the Golden Raspberry Awards (\"Razzies\").", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ \"Reefer Madness\" (originally released as \"Tell Your Children\" and sometimes titled or subtitled as \"The Burning Question\", \"Dope Addict\", \"Doped Youth\", and \"Love Madness\") is a 1936 American exploitation film and propaganda work revolving around the melodramatic events that ensue when high school students are lured by pushers to try marijuana—from a hit and run accident, to manslaughter, suicide, attempted rape, and descent into madness.", "Red Bull Arena (New Jersey) __knowledge__ Red Bull Arena is a soccer-specific stadium in Harrison, New Jersey that is home to the New York Red Bulls of Major League Soccer.", "Red Bull Arena (New Jersey) __knowledge__ Featuring a partial transparent roof, it is located on the waterfront in the Riverbend District of Harrison across the Passaic River from Newark and approximately 7 miles (12 km) west of lower Manhattan.", "Red Bull Arena (New Jersey) __knowledge__ With a seating capacity of 25,000, it is the third-largest soccer-specific stadium in the United States and in Major League Soccer.", "Red Bull Arena (New Jersey) __knowledge__ The original plan, announced on July 1, 2004, was to move the MetroStars (as the New York Red Bulls were known at the time) from their home at Giants Stadium by the beginning of the 2006 season.", "Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome __knowledge__ The Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome (commonly called the Metrodome) was a domed sports stadium located in downtown Minneapolis, Minnesota.", "Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome __knowledge__ It opened in 1982 as a replacement for Metropolitan Stadium, the former home of the National Football League's (NFL) Minnesota Vikings and Major League Baseball's (MLB) Minnesota Twins, and Memorial Stadium, the former home of the Minnesota Golden Gophers football team.", "Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome __knowledge__ The Metrodome was the home of the Vikings from 1982 to 2013, the Twins from 1982 to 2009, the National Basketball Association's (NBA) Minnesota Timberwolves in their 1989–90 inaugural season, the Golden Gophers football team until 2008 and the Golden Gophers baseball team from 2004 to 2012.", "The Amazing Spider-Man (2012 film) __knowledge__ The Amazing Spider-Man is a 2012 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character Spider-Man, and sharing the title of the character's longest-running comic book.", "The Amazing Spider-Man (2012 film) __knowledge__ It is the fourth theatrical \"Spider-Man\" film produced by Columbia Pictures and Marvel Entertainment, and a reboot of Sam Raimi's \"Spider-Man\" 2002-2007 trilogy preceding it.", "The Amazing Spider-Man (2012 film) __knowledge__ The film was directed by Marc Webb.", "The Amazing Spider-Man (2012 film) __knowledge__ It was written by James Vanderbilt, Alvin Sargent and Steve Kloves and it stars Andrew Garfield as Peter Parker / Spider-Man, Emma Stone as Gwen Stacy, Rhys Ifans as Dr. Curtis Connors, Denis Leary as NYPD Captain George Stacy, along with Martin Sheen and Sally Field as the uncle and aunt of Peter Parker, Ben Parker and May Parker.", "Panama Papers __knowledge__ The Panama Papers are 11.5 million leaked documents that detail financial and attorney–client information for more than 214,488 offshore entities.", "Panama Papers __knowledge__ The documents, some dating back to the 1970s, were created by, and taken from, Panamanian law firm and corporate service provider Mossack Fonseca, and were leaked in 2015 by an anonymous source.", "Panama Papers __knowledge__ The documents contain personal financial information about wealthy individuals and public officials that had previously been kept private.", "Panama Papers __knowledge__ While offshore business entities are legal (see Offshore Magic Circle), reporters found that some of the Mossack Fonseca shell corporations were used for illegal purposes, including fraud, tax evasion, and evading international sanctions.", "UEFA Financial Fair Play Regulations __knowledge__ The UEFA Financial Fair Play Regulations (FFP) were established to prevent professional football clubs spending more than they earn in the pursuit of success and in doing so getting into financial problems which might threaten their long-term survival.", "UEFA Financial Fair Play Regulations __knowledge__ They were agreed to in principle in September 2009 by the Financial Control Panel of football’s governing body in Europe (Union of European Football Associations – UEFA).", "UEFA Financial Fair Play Regulations __knowledge__ The regulations provide for sanctions to be taken against clubs who exceed spending, over several seasons, within a set budgetary framework.", "UEFA Financial Fair Play Regulations __knowledge__ Implementation of the regulations took place at the outset of the 2011–12 football season.", "David Beckham __knowledge__ David Robert Joseph Beckham, (; born 2 May 1975) is an English former professional footballer.", "David Beckham __knowledge__ He played for Manchester United, Preston North End, Real Madrid, Milan, LA Galaxy, Paris Saint-Germain and the England national team for which he held the appearance record for an outfield player until 2016 when Wayne Rooney surpassed his total.", "David Beckham __knowledge__ He is the first English player to win league titles in four countries: England, Spain, the United States and France.", "David Beckham __knowledge__ He announced his retirement in May 2013 after a 20-year career, during which he won 19 major trophies.", "David Beckham __knowledge__ Known for his range of passing, crossing ability and bending free-kicks as a right winger, Beckham was runner up in the Ballon d'Or, twice runner-up for FIFA World Player of the Year and in 2004 he was named by Pelé in the FIFA 100 list of the world's greatest living players.", "Cher __knowledge__ Cher (; born Cherilyn Sarkisian; May 20, 1946) is an American singer and actress.", "Cher __knowledge__ Sometimes called the Goddess of Pop, she has been described as embodying female autonomy in a male-dominated industry.", "Cher __knowledge__ She is known for her distinctive contralto singing voice and for having worked in numerous areas of entertainment, as well as adopting a variety of styles and appearances during her six-decade-long career.", "Cher __knowledge__ Cher gained popularity in 1965 as one-half of the folk rock husband-wife duo Sonny & Cher after their song \"I Got You Babe\" reached number one on the American and British charts.", "Cher __knowledge__ By the end of 1967, they had sold 40 million records worldwide and had become, according to \"Time\" magazine, rock's \"it\" couple.", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ Britney Jean Spears (born December 2, 1981) is an American singer, songwriter, dancer, and actress.", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ Born in McComb, Mississippi, and raised in Kentwood, Louisiana, she performed acting roles in stage productions and television shows as a child before signing with Jive Records in 1997.", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ Spears's first and second studio albums, \"...Baby One More Time\" (1999) and \"Oops!...", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ I Did It Again\" (2000), became international successes, with the former becoming the best-selling album by a teenage solo artist.", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ Title tracks \"...Baby One More Time\" and \"Oops!...", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ I Did It Again\" broke international sales records.", "European migrant crisis __knowledge__ The European migrant crisis, or the European refugee crisis, is a term given to a period beginning in 2015 when rising numbers of people arrived in the European Union (EU), travelling across the Mediterranean Sea or overland through Southeast Europe.", "European migrant crisis __knowledge__ These people included asylum seekers, but also others, such as economic migrants and some hostile agents, including Islamic State militants disguised as refugees or migrants.", "European migrant crisis __knowledge__ Most of the migrants came from Muslim-majority countries of regions south and east of Europe, including Western Asia, South Asia and Africa.", "European migrant crisis __knowledge__ By religious affiliation, the majority of entrants were Muslim (usually Sunni Muslim), with a small component of non-Muslim minorities (including Yazidis, Assyrians, Mandeans, etc.)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Association football __knowledge__ Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a team sport played between two teams of eleven players with a spherical ball.", "Association football __knowledge__ It is played by 250 million players in over 200 countries and dependencies, making it the world's most popular sport.", "Association football __knowledge__ The game is played on a rectangular field with a goal at each end.", "Association football __knowledge__ The object of the game is to score by getting the ball into the opposing goal.", "Association football __knowledge__ Players are not allowed to touch the ball with their hands or arms while it is in play, unless they are goalkeepers (and then only when within their penalty area).", "Association football __knowledge__ Other players mainly use their feet to strike or pass the ball, but may also use any part of their body except the hands and the arms.", "Association football __knowledge__ The team that scores the most goals by the end of the match wins.", "Association football __knowledge__ If the score is level at the end of the game, either a draw is declared or the game goes into extra time or a penalty shootout depending on the format of the competition.", "Association football __knowledge__ The Laws of the Game were originally codified in England by The Football Association in 1863.", "Association football __knowledge__ Association football is governed internationally by the International Federation of Association Football (FIFA; ), which organises World Cups for both men and women every four years.", "Steve Nash __knowledge__ Stephen John Nash, OC, OBC (born February 7, 1974), is a Canadian former professional basketball player who played in the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "Steve Nash __knowledge__ He was an eight-time NBA All-Star and a seven-time All-NBA selection.", "Steve Nash __knowledge__ Twice, Nash was named the NBA Most Valuable Player while playing for the Phoenix Suns.", "Steve Nash __knowledge__ He currently serves as general manager of the Canadian national team and as a player development consultant for the Golden State Warriors.", "Steve Nash __knowledge__ After a successful high school basketball career in British Columbia, Nash earned a scholarship to Santa Clara University in California.", "Steve Nash __knowledge__ In his four seasons with the Broncos, the team made three NCAA Tournament appearances, and he was twice named the West Coast Conference (WCC) Player of the Year.", "List of Slam Dunk characters __knowledge__ The manga and anime series \"Slam Dunk\" features a cast of fictional characters created by Takehiko Inoue.", "List of Slam Dunk characters __knowledge__ The series takes place in Japan, with the main characters being high school basketball players from Kanagawa Prefecture.", "List of Slam Dunk characters __knowledge__ It tells the story of Hanamichi Sakuragi, a teenager who falls in love with Haruko Akagi after being rejected by 50 other girls.", "List of Slam Dunk characters __knowledge__ However, as Haruko is in love with Kaede Rukawa, a popular and talented basketball player, Sakuragi decides to join the Shohoku High School basketball team to surpass Rukawa and make Haruko fall in love with him.", "List of Slam Dunk characters __knowledge__ As he starts learning how to play basketball, Sakuragi starts liking the sport and resolves to become the best player.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Glory Days is the sixteenth season of \"The Biggest Loser\" which premiered on September 11, 2014 on NBC.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ Bob Harper and Dolvett Quince returned as trainers, while Jillian Michaels decided to leave the show.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ There are two new trainers this season: Jessie Pavelka and Jennifer Widerstrom.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season, the contestants are all former athletes including former National Football League players and Olympic Gold medalists.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize which was awarded to Toma Dobrosavljevic, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight loss.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season was also the last for host Alison Sweeney to focus on other projects.", "Wilt Chamberlain __knowledge__ Wilton Norman Chamberlain (August 21, 1936 – October 12, 1999) was an American basketball player.", "Wilt Chamberlain __knowledge__ He played for the Philadelphia/San Francisco Warriors, the Philadelphia 76ers, and the Los Angeles Lakers of the National Basketball Association (NBA); he played for the University of Kansas and also for the Harlem Globetrotters before playing in the NBA.", "Wilt Chamberlain __knowledge__ The 7 foot 1 inch Chamberlain weighed 250 pounds as a rookie before bulking up to 275 and eventually to over 300 pounds with the Lakers.", "Wilt Chamberlain __knowledge__ He played the center position and is widely considered one of the greatest and most dominant players in NBA history.", "Tony Gwynn __knowledge__ Anthony Keith Gwynn Sr. (May 9, 1960 – June 16, 2014), nicknamed \"Mr. Padre\", was an American professional baseball right fielder who played 20 seasons (1982–2001) in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the San Diego Padres.", "Tony Gwynn __knowledge__ The left-handed hitting Gwynn won eight batting titles in his career, tied for the most in National League (NL) history.", "Tony Gwynn __knowledge__ He is considered one of the best and most consistent hitters in baseball history.", "Tony Gwynn __knowledge__ He had a .338 career batting average, never hitting below .309 in any full season.", "Tony Gwynn __knowledge__ Gwynn was a 15-time All-Star, recognized for his skills both on offense and defense with seven Silver Slugger Awards and five Gold Glove Awards.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters appearing in the animated series \"Kim Possible\".", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ Kimberly Ann \"Kim\" Possible is a crime fighter and high school cheerleading captain who saves the world on a regular basis while dealing with the normal challenges of being a teenager, such as winning cheer competitions, turning in her homework on time, and maintaining a love life.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ Her name is a play on the word \"impossible.\"", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ Kim has known Ron Stoppable, her sidekick for most missions, since preschool.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ She has also completed missions with Wade, Monique, her brothers, and even her mother.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ In season four, Kim and Ron end up developing romantic feelings for each other and begin dating during their senior year.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "Pitch invasion __knowledge__ A pitch invasion, known as rushing the field or storming the field in North America, occurs when an individual or a crowd of people watching a sporting event run onto the playing area to celebrate or protest an incident.", "Pitch invasion __knowledge__ Pitch invasions may involve individual people or capacity crowds.", "Pitch invasion __knowledge__ Charges can be laid, resulting in fines or jail time.", "Pitch invasion __knowledge__ This is especially common in college and high school football when a team pulls off a major upset, defeats a major rival, ends a long losing streak or notches a history-making win.", "Pitch invasion __knowledge__ Many schools employ riot police to physically prevent fans from rushing the field, a controversy in and of itself.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Field hockey is a team sport of the hockey family.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The earliest origins of the game date back to the Middle Ages in England, Scotland, France and the Netherlands.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The game can be played on a grass field, turf field or synthetic field as well as an indoor board surface.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Each team plays with eleven players, including the goalie.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Players use sticks made out of wood, carbon fibre, fibre glass or a combination of carbon fibre and fibre glass in different quantities (with the higher carbon fibre stick being more expensive and less likely to break) to hit a round, hard, plastic ball.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The length of the stick depends on the player's individual height.", "Goal (sport) __knowledge__ In sports, a goal is a physical structure or area where an attacking team must send the ball or puck in order to score points.", "Goal (sport) __knowledge__ In several sports, a goal is the sole method of scoring, and thus the final score is expressed in the total number of goals scored by each team.", "Goal (sport) __knowledge__ These include sports such as football or ice hockey.", "Goal (sport) __knowledge__ In other sports, a goal may be one of several scoring methods, and thus may be worth a different set number of points than the others.", "Goal (sport) __knowledge__ These include sports such as basketball.", "Goal (sport) __knowledge__ The structure of a goal varies from sport to sport.", "Goal (sport) __knowledge__ Most often, it is a rectangular structure that is placed at each end of the playing field.", "End zone __knowledge__ The end zone is the scoring area on the field, according to gridiron-based codes of football.", "End zone __knowledge__ It is the area between the end line and goal line bounded by the sidelines.", "End zone __knowledge__ There are two end zones, each being on an opposite side of the field.", "End zone __knowledge__ It is bordered on all sides by a white line indicating its beginning and end points, with orange, square pylons placed at each of the four corners as a visual aid (however, prior to around the early 1970s, flags were used instead to denote the end zone).", "End zone __knowledge__ Canadian rule books use the terms \"goal area\" and \"dead line\" instead of \"end zone\" and \"end line\" respectively, but the latter terms are the more common in colloquial Canadian English.", "American football __knowledge__ American football, referred to as football in the United States and Canada, and also known as gridiron football or simply gridiron, is a team sport played by two teams of eleven players on a rectangular field with goalposts at each end.", "American football __knowledge__ The offense, which is the team controlling the oval-shaped football, attempts to advance down the field by running with or passing the ball, while the defense, which is the team without control of the ball, aims to stop the offense's advance and aims to take control of the ball for themselves.", "American football __knowledge__ The offense must advance at least ten yards in four downs, or plays, and otherwise they turn over the football to the defense; if the offense succeeds in advancing ten yards or more, they are given a new set of four downs.", "Comparison of American football and rugby league __knowledge__ A comparison between American football and rugby league is possible because of their shared origins and similar game concepts.", "Comparison of American football and rugby league __knowledge__ Along with Canadian football, rugby league is the most similar sport to American football.", "Comparison of American football and rugby league __knowledge__ Both sports involve the concept of a limited number of downs/tackles and scoring touchdowns/tries takes clear precedence over goal-kicking.", "Comparison of American football and rugby league __knowledge__ Generally, American football games last much longer than 80-minute rugby league matches.", "Comparison of American football and rugby league __knowledge__ Because the field is reset after each tackle in American football, it is much slower-paced than the more hectic rugby league, in which play stops for only as long as it takes the tackled player to get back to his feet and return the ball to play.", "VEX Robotics Competition __knowledge__ The VEX Robotics Competition is a robotics competition from elementary through university students.", "VEX Robotics Competition __knowledge__ It is a subset of VEX Robotics, which is in turn a subset of Innovation First International.", "VEX Robotics Competition __knowledge__ The VEX robotics world championship in April, 2016 was named the largest robotics competition in the world by Guinness World Records.", "VEX Robotics Competition __knowledge__ There are three divisions of this robotics competition meant for different age groups and skill levels: VEX IQ, VEX EDR, and VEX U. VEX IQ is for elementary and middle school students only.", "VEX Robotics Competition __knowledge__ VEX EDR is for middle and high school students, and VEX U is for university students." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Association football __knowledge__ Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a team sport played between two teams of eleven players with a spherical ball.", "Association football __knowledge__ It is played by 250 million players in over 200 countries and dependencies, making it the world's most popular sport.", "Association football __knowledge__ The game is played on a rectangular field with a goal at each end.", "Association football __knowledge__ The object of the game is to score by getting the ball into the opposing goal.", "Association football __knowledge__ Players are not allowed to touch the ball with their hands or arms while it is in play, unless they are goalkeepers (and then only when within their penalty area).", "Association football __knowledge__ Other players mainly use their feet to strike or pass the ball, but may also use any part of their body except the hands and the arms.", "Association football __knowledge__ The team that scores the most goals by the end of the match wins.", "Association football __knowledge__ If the score is level at the end of the game, either a draw is declared or the game goes into extra time or a penalty shootout depending on the format of the competition.", "Association football __knowledge__ The Laws of the Game were originally codified in England by The Football Association in 1863.", "Association football __knowledge__ Association football is governed internationally by the International Federation of Association Football (FIFA; ), which organises World Cups for both men and women every four years.", "Baiyue __knowledge__ The Baiyue, Hundred Yue or Yue were an ancient conglomeration of indigenous non-Chinese hill tribes who inhabited what is now Southern China and Northern Vietnam between the first millennium BC and the first millennium AD.", "Baiyue __knowledge__ In the Warring States period, the word \"Yue\" referred to the State of Yue in Zhejiang.", "Baiyue __knowledge__ The later kingdoms of Minyue in Fujian and Nanyue in Guangdong were both considered Yue states.", "Baiyue __knowledge__ Although the Yue had an inchoate knowledge of agriculture and shipbuilding, Han dynasty Chinese writers regarded the indigenous Yue peoples as inferior, backward, and uncivilised barbarians who had tattoos, lived in primitive conditions, and lacked basic technology such as swords, bows, arrows, horses and chariots.", "Women's association football __knowledge__ Women's association football, also commonly known as women's soccer, is the most prominent team sport played by women around the globe.", "Women's association football __knowledge__ It is played at the professional level in numerous countries throughout the world and 176 national teams participate internationally.", "Women's association football __knowledge__ The history of women's football has seen major competitions being launched at both the national and international levels.", "Women's association football __knowledge__ Women's football has faced many struggles throughout its history.", "Women's association football __knowledge__ Although its first golden age occurred in the United Kingdom in the early 1920s, when one match achieved over 50,000 spectators, The Football Association initiated a ban in 1921 that disallowed women's football games from the grounds used by its member clubs.", "Science and technology of the Han dynasty __knowledge__ The Han dynasty (206 BCE – 220 CE) of ancient China, divided between the eras of Western Han (206 BCE – 9 CE, when the capital was at Chang'an), Xin dynasty of Wang Mang (r. 9–23 CE), and Eastern Han (25–220 CE, when the capital was at Luoyang, and after 196 CE at Xuchang), witnessed some of the most significant advancements in premodern Chinese science and technology.", "Science and technology of the Han dynasty __knowledge__ There were great innovations in metallurgy.", "Science and technology of the Han dynasty __knowledge__ In addition to Zhou-dynasty China's (c. 1050 BCE – 256 BCE) previous inventions of the blast furnace and cupola furnace to make pig iron and cast iron, respectively, the Han period saw the development of steel and wrought iron by use of the finery forge and puddling process.", "Chinese nobility __knowledge__ Chinese sovereignty and peerage, the nobility of China, was an important feature of the traditional social and political organization of Imperial China.", "Chinese nobility __knowledge__ While the concepts of hereditary sovereign and peerage titles and noble families were featured as early as the semi-mythical, early historical period, a settled system of nobility was established from the Zhou dynasty.", "Chinese nobility __knowledge__ In the subsequent millennia, this system was largely maintained in form, with some changes and additions, although the content constantly evolved.", "Chinese nobility __knowledge__ The last, well-developed system of noble titles was established under the Qing dynasty.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ China has long been a cradle and host to a variety of the most enduring religio-philosophical traditions of the world.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ Confucianism and Taoism, later joined by Buddhism, constitute the \"three teachings\" that have shaped Chinese culture.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ There are no clear boundaries between these intertwined religious systems, which do not claim to be exclusive, and elements of each enrich popular or folk religion.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ The emperors of China claimed the Mandate of Heaven and participated in Chinese religious practices.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ In the early 20th century, reform-minded officials and intellectuals attacked all religions as \"superstitious\", and since 1949, China has been governed by the Communist Party of China, an atheist institution that prohibits party members from practising religion while in office.", "Han dynasty __knowledge__ The Han dynasty or the Han Empire () was the second imperial dynasty of China (206 BC–220 AD), preceded by the Qin dynasty (221–206 BC) and succeeded by the Three Kingdoms period (220–280 AD).", "Han dynasty __knowledge__ Spanning over four centuries, the Han period is considered a golden age in Chinese history.", "Han dynasty __knowledge__ To this day, China's majority ethnic group refers to themselves as the \"Han people\" and the Chinese script is referred to as \"Han characters\".", "Han dynasty __knowledge__ It was founded by the rebel leader Liu Bang, known posthumously as Emperor Gaozu of Han, and briefly interrupted by the Xin dynasty (9–23 AD) of the former regent Wang Mang.", "Rahul Dravid __knowledge__ Rahul Dravid (; ; born 11 January 1973) is a former Indian cricketer and a former captain, widely regarded as one of the greatest batsmen in the history of cricket.", "Rahul Dravid __knowledge__ He is the current Overseas Batting Consultant for the Indian team, and also the head coach for the Under-19 and 'A' teams.", "Rahul Dravid __knowledge__ Born in a Marathi family and brought up in Bangalore, he started playing cricket at the age of 12 and later represented Karnataka at the under-15, under-17 and under-19 levels.", "Rahul Dravid __knowledge__ Hailed as \"The Wall\", Dravid was named one of the best five cricketers of the year by \"Wisden Cricketers' Almanack\" in 2000 and received the Player of the Year and the Test Player of the Year awards at the inaugural ICC awards ceremony in 2004.", "Sachin Tendulkar __knowledge__ Sachin Ramesh Tendulkar (; born 24 April 1973) is a former Indian cricketer and a former captain, widely regarded as one of the greatest batsmen of all time.", "Sachin Tendulkar __knowledge__ The highest run scorer of all time in International cricket, Tendulkar took up cricket at the age of eleven, made his Test debut on 15 November 1989 against Pakistan in Karachi at the age of sixteen, and went on to represent Mumbai domestically and India internationally for close to twenty-four years.", "Sachin Tendulkar __knowledge__ He is the only player to have scored one hundred international centuries, the first batsman to score a double century in a One Day International, the holder of the record for the most number of runs in both ODI and Test cricket, and the only player to complete more than 30,000 runs in international cricket.", "Alessandro Del Piero __knowledge__ Alessandro \"Alex\" Del Piero () Ufficiale OMRI (born 9 November 1974) is an Italian former professional footballer who mainly played as a deep-lying forward, although he was capable of playing in several offensive positions.", "Alessandro Del Piero __knowledge__ Since 2015, he has worked as a pundit for Sky Sport Italia.", "Alessandro Del Piero __knowledge__ A technically gifted, and creative supporting forward, who was also a free-kick specialist, Del Piero is widely regarded by players, pundits, and managers as one of the greatest players of his generation, and as one of the best Italian players of all time, winning the Serie A Italian Footballer of the Year award in 1998 and 2008.", "Lindsay Taylor __knowledge__ Lindsay Corine Taylor (born May 20, 1981) is an American retired professional basketball player who has played in the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA), Turkish Women's Basketball League, Ligue Féminine de Basketball (LFB), the Women's Korean Basketball League (WKBL), Polish Women's League, and the Women's Chinese Basketball Association (WCBA).", "Lindsay Taylor __knowledge__ She has played professionally overseas in 13 basketball seasons.", "Lindsay Taylor __knowledge__ Currently she is an assistant basketball coach at Hamilton High School.", "Lindsay Taylor __knowledge__ Taylor attended Chandler High School and was a Chandler HS state champion in 1999.", "Lindsay Taylor __knowledge__ She then attended University of California, Santa Barbara in 1999, playing center for the women's basketball team and became 2001 Big West Freshman and Player of the Year.", "List of gridiron football rules __knowledge__ The following is a description of the various and alternating rules of gridiron football.", "List of gridiron football rules __knowledge__ Numerous leagues or organizations tend to send a laundry list of rules in order to better distinguish themselves from their counterparts.", "List of gridiron football rules __knowledge__ American football is played on a field .", "List of gridiron football rules __knowledge__ The longer boundary lines are \"sidelines\", while the shorter boundary lines are \"end lines\".", "List of gridiron football rules __knowledge__ Sidelines and end lines are out of bounds.", "List of gridiron football rules __knowledge__ Near each end of the field is a \"goal line\"; they are apart.", "List of gridiron football rules __knowledge__ A scoring area called an \"end zone\" extends beyond each goal line to each end line.", "List of gridiron football rules __knowledge__ The end zone includes the goal line but not the end line.", "1943–44 Michigan Wolverines men's basketball team __knowledge__ The 1943–44 Michigan Wolverines men's basketball team represented the University of Michigan in intercollegiate basketball during the 1943–44 season.", "1943–44 Michigan Wolverines men's basketball team __knowledge__ In their sixth year under head coach Bennie Oosterbaan, the Wolverines finished the season in a tie for sixth place in the Big Ten Conference with an overall record of 12–7 and 5–7 against conference opponents.", "1943–44 Michigan Wolverines men's basketball team __knowledge__ After team captain Ralph Gilbert was inducted into the military, junior guard/forward Dave Strack from Indianapolis was the team's acting captain and led the team in scoring with 194 points.", "1943–44 Michigan Wolverines men's basketball team __knowledge__ Sophomore forward Thomas \"Little Tommy\" King scored 172 points and was selected as the team's Most Valuable Player.", "National League Division Two in 2005 __knowledge__ The table, showing all complete matches as at 14 September is as follows: Match abandoned – Derbyshire (2pts), Kent (2pts) Derbyshire, playing for the first time as the \"Phantoms\" lost the toss and were put in to bat at Derby.", "National League Division Two in 2005 __knowledge__ Opener Jonathan Moss made free at the start of the innings with 79 off 81 balls before he was bowled by Robert Ferley.", "National League Division Two in 2005 __knowledge__ His team-mates struggled, with only captain Luke Sutton, with 46, adding much to the score.", "National League Division Two in 2005 __knowledge__ Derbyshire scored 197 for 8 in their 45 overs.", "National League Division Two in 2005 __knowledge__ Only 5 overs of Kent Spitfires' innings were possible, in which time they made 9 for no loss.", "National League Division Two in 2005 __knowledge__ Rain then meant the match was abandoned." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 4, 9 ]

[ "This is popularly known as football around the world. It is a game played between two different teams made up of 11 people", "The most exciting part of this is that people love the game all over the world with a record number of 250 million in over 200 countries", "Of course, I have been to a soccer game. It is usually played on a rectangular field with two goal post at both ends", "Interesting. What I like about the game is that the purpose is to score against the opposite team, the highest scorer wins", "Wow, I like your inputs, the laws and rules were codified by FA in England in 1863" ]

[ "Association football", "Association football", "Association football", "Association football", "Association football" ]

[ "Top Chef", "Hi no I haven't but I love cooking shows what is it about?", "Sounds great what kind of judges is on the show are they celebrity judges?", "I have to start watching the show do they do different cultures of food or baking I like watching the cooking shows where they bake the cakes etc." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Top Chef __knowledge__ Top Chef is an American reality competition television series which premiered on March 8, 2006, on Bravo.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The show features chefs competing against each other in various culinary challenges.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ They are judged by a panel of professional chefs and other notables from the food and wine industry with one or more contestants eliminated in each episode.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The show is produced by Magical Elves Productions, the same company that created \"Project Runway\".", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The show has spawned multiple spinoff series, including \"Top Chef Masters\", featuring established award-winning chefs; and \"\", featuring pastry chefs.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ Another show, \"Top Chef Junior\", featuring contestants in their early teens, premiered in October 2017 on Universal Kids.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ Numerous international adaptations of \"Top Chef\" have also been produced.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ On January 24, 2017, Bravo announced that it had renewed \"Top Chef\" for a fifteenth season.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The new season was filmed in Colorado, with challenges set in Denver, Boulder, Telluride, and Aspen, and premiered on December 7, 2017.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ \"Top Chef\" is a cooking show that uses a progressive elimination format.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The beginning of each season starts with twelve to nineteen professional chefs selected through auditions." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Top Chef __knowledge__ Top Chef is an American reality competition television series which premiered on March 8, 2006, on Bravo.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The show features chefs competing against each other in various culinary challenges.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ They are judged by a panel of professional chefs and other notables from the food and wine industry with one or more contestants eliminated in each episode.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The show is produced by Magical Elves Productions, the same company that created \"Project Runway\".", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The show has spawned multiple spinoff series, including \"Top Chef Masters\", featuring established award-winning chefs; and \"\", featuring pastry chefs.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ Another show, \"Top Chef Junior\", featuring contestants in their early teens, premiered in October 2017 on Universal Kids.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ Numerous international adaptations of \"Top Chef\" have also been produced.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ On January 24, 2017, Bravo announced that it had renewed \"Top Chef\" for a fifteenth season.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The new season was filmed in Colorado, with challenges set in Denver, Boulder, Telluride, and Aspen, and premiered on December 7, 2017.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ \"Top Chef\" is a cooking show that uses a progressive elimination format.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The beginning of each season starts with twelve to nineteen professional chefs selected through auditions.", "Cooking show __knowledge__ A cooking show or cooking programme is a television genre that presents food preparation in a kitchen, located in a restaurant or a studio set.", "Cooking show __knowledge__ Typically the show's host, often a celebrity chef, prepares one or more dishes over the course of an episode, taking the viewing audience through the food's inspiration, preparation, and stages of cooking.", "Cooking show __knowledge__ There are different types of cooking shows.", "Cooking show __knowledge__ Some portray an educational component, with the host teaching the viewers how to prepare different meals.", "Cooking show __knowledge__ Others are talk shows, with the host and guest celebrities enjoying the meal while talking.", "Cooking show __knowledge__ Also there are cooking competitions, such as \"Chopped\", \"Iron Chef\" or \"MasterChef\", where cookers must prepare the best food according to judges.", "Indus TV __knowledge__ INDUS TV is a Pakistani satellite television network offered for international subscribers by the Indus Entertainment (Private) Limited.", "Indus TV __knowledge__ Indus offers a combination of different channels: Indus Vision, Indus Music also known as MTV Pakistan, Indus News and G KABOOM.", "Indus TV __knowledge__ Indus is a 24-hour general entertainment channel.", "Indus TV __knowledge__ It comprises a lineup of Urdu programming that includes dramas, soaps, sitcoms, thrillers, talk shows, infotainment, game shows, cooking shows, lifestyle & leisure, news, cartoons, current affairs, documentaries and films.", "Indus TV __knowledge__ Indus TV is currently offered as a premium service in Middle East and Europe .", "A Bite of China __knowledge__ A Bite of China () is a Chinese documentary television series on the history of food, eating, and cooking in China directed by Chen Xiaoqing (), narrated by Li Lihong () with original music composed by Roc Chen ().", "A Bite of China __knowledge__ It first aired May 14, 2012 on China Central Television and quickly gained high ratings and widespread popularity.", "A Bite of China __knowledge__ The seven-episode documentary series, which began filming in March 2011, introduces the history and story behind foods of various kinds in more than 60 locations in mainland China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan.", "A Bite of China __knowledge__ The documentary has also been actively encouraged as a means of introducing Chinese food culture to those unfamiliar with local cuisine.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ Hi-5 are an Australian children's musical group formed in 1998, who are associated with the children's television series of the same name.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ As of December 2016, the members are Lachie Dearing, Courtney Clarke, Shay Clifford, Joe Kalou and Bailey Spalding.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The group is aimed at preschoolers, composed of five performers who entertain and educate children through music, movement and play.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ \"Hi-5\" was created by Helena Harris and Posie Graeme-Evans, initially a television series for the Nine Network, which premiered in 1999.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The cast of the show became a recognised musical group for children.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The original members were Kellie Crawford, Kathleen de Leon Jones, Nathan Foley, Tim Harding and Charli Robinson.", "Great Chefs __knowledge__ Great Chefs is a franchise of cooking shows and cookbooks that began with thirteen half-hour programs produced for the American Public Broadcasting Service entitled \"Great Chefs of New Orleans\".", "Great Chefs __knowledge__ Later series include \"Great Chefs of San Francisco\", \"Great Chefs of Chicago\", \"Great Chefs of the West\", \"Great Chefs: The Louisiana New Garde\", \"Great Chefs of the East\", \"Great Chefs Great Cities\", \"Great Chefs of Hawaii\", \"Great Chefs of the Caribbean\", and \"Great Chefs of the South\", many with their own companion cookbooks.", "Great Chefs __knowledge__ During the late 1980s, the \"Great Chefs\" franchise moved to the Discovery Channel, which began the production of \"Great Chefs of America\" and \"Great Chefs of the World\".", "Tarla Dalal __knowledge__ Tarla Dalal (3 June 1936 – 6 November 2013) was an Indian food writer, chef, cookbook author and host of cooking shows.", "Tarla Dalal __knowledge__ Her first cook book, \"The Pleasures of Vegetarian Cooking\", was published in 1974.", "Tarla Dalal __knowledge__ Since then, she has written over 100 books and sold more than 3 million copies.", "Tarla Dalal __knowledge__ She also ran the largest Indian food web site, and published a bi-monthly magazine, \"Cooking & More\".", "Tarla Dalal __knowledge__ Her cooking shows included \"The Tarla Dalal Show\" and \"Cook It Up With Tarla Dalal\".", "Tarla Dalal __knowledge__ Though she wrote about many cuisines and healthy cooking, she specialized in Indian cuisine, particularly Gujarati cuisine and Bengali cuisine.", "Chez Panisse __knowledge__ Chez Panisse is a Berkeley, California restaurant, known as one of the inspirations for the style of cooking known as California cuisine.", "Chez Panisse __knowledge__ Restaurateur, author, and food activist Alice Waters opened Chez Panisse in 1971 with film producer Paul Aratow, then professor of comparative literature at the University of California, Berkeley.", "Chez Panisse __knowledge__ The restaurant focuses on ingredients rather than technique, and has developed a supply network of direct relationships with local farmers, ranchers, and dairies.", "Chez Panisse __knowledge__ In 1971, Paul Aratow and Alice Waters founded Chez Panisse in an arts and crafts house along Shattuck Avenue, in Berkeley, California.", "Stephanie Izard __knowledge__ Stephanie Izard (born October 30, 1976) is an American chef residing in Chicago, Illinois, best known as the first female chef to win Bravo's \"Top Chef\", taking the title during its fourth season.", "Stephanie Izard __knowledge__ She is the co-owner and executive chef of three award-winning Chicago restaurants, Girl and the Goat, Little Goat, and Duck Duck Goat, and opened her first restaurant, Scylla (now closed) as chef-owner at the age of 27.", "Stephanie Izard __knowledge__ Izard received a James Beard Foundation Award for \"Best Chef: Great Lakes\" in 2013 for her work at Girl and the Goat.", "Stephanie Izard __knowledge__ She has made a number of appearances on \"Top Chef\" since her win, both as a guest judge on subsequent seasons and as a participant in \"Top Chef Duels\".", "Life After Top Chef __knowledge__ Life After Top Chef is an American reality television series that aired on the Bravo television network.", "Life After Top Chef __knowledge__ It premiered on October 3, 2012.", "Life After Top Chef __knowledge__ The series follows former \"Top Chef\" contestants Richard Blais (\"Top Chef: Chicago\", \"Top Chef: All-Stars\"), Jen Carroll (\"Top Chef: Las Vegas\", \"Top Chef: All-Stars\"), Spike Mendelsohn (\"Top Chef: Chicago\", \"Top Chef: All-Stars\"), and Fabio Viviani (\"Top Chef: New York\", \"Top Chef: All-Stars\") as they pursue their post-\"Top Chef\" professional endeavors and provides insight into the chefs' private lives.", "Top Chef (season 14) __knowledge__ Top Chef: Charleston is the fourteenth season of the American reality television series \"Top Chef\".", "Top Chef (season 14) __knowledge__ The season was announced by Bravo on October 13, 2016, which premiered on December 1, 2016, and concluded on March 2, 2017.", "Top Chef (season 14) __knowledge__ Filming initially took place in Charleston, South Carolina, beginning in May 2016, while the season's final episodes were filmed in areas across Mexico, including Guadalajara and the Yucatán Peninsula.", "Top Chef (season 14) __knowledge__ \"Top Chef: Charleston\" featured eight new contestants competing against eight returning contestants from previous seasons.", "Top Chef (season 14) __knowledge__ \"MasterChef\" and \"Top Chef Masters\" alumnus Graham Elliot debuted as a recurring judge, alongside returning judges Padma Lakshmi, Tom Colicchio, and Gail Simmons.", "Marcel Vigneron __knowledge__ Marcel Vigneron (born May 3, 1980) is an American chef best known as the runner-up of the second season of \"Top Chef\", which aired 2006–2007, placing behind Ilan Hall.", "Marcel Vigneron __knowledge__ In 2011, he had his own television program on Syfy, \"Marcel's Quantum Kitchen\", in which he started and ran a molecular gastronomy catering company; it was cancelled after 6 episodes.", "Marcel Vigneron __knowledge__ He later competed on \"Top Chef: All-Stars\" in 2011, on The Food Network's \"The Next Iron Chef\" in 2012 and The Food Network's \"Superstar Sabotage: Heat 2\" on the show \"Cutthroat Kitchen\" in 2014.", "Marcel Vigneron __knowledge__ Vigneron is originally from Bainbridge Island, Washington.", "Top Chef: Just Desserts __knowledge__ Top Chef: Just Desserts is an American reality competition show, spun off from \"Top Chef\".", "Top Chef: Just Desserts __knowledge__ It premiered on the cable television network Bravo on September 15, 2010.", "Top Chef: Just Desserts __knowledge__ \"Top Chef: Just Desserts\" features pastry chefs competing in a series of culinary challenges, focusing on pastries and desserts.", "Top Chef: Just Desserts __knowledge__ The show is produced by Magical Elves Productions, the same company that created \"Top Chef\" and \"Project Runway\", and distributed by Bravo and Tiger Aspect USA.", "Top Chef: Just Desserts __knowledge__ It is hosted by Gail Simmons, with head judge Johnny Iuzzini, head pastry chef at Jean-Georges.", "Top Chef: Just Desserts __knowledge__ Other judges include Hubert Keller, owner of restaurant Fleur de Lys and a Top Chef Masters finalist, and Dannielle Kyrillos, \"an entertaining expert and editor-at-large of DailyCandy\".", "Ilan Hall __knowledge__ Ilan D. Hall (born April 6, 1982) is an American chef, best known as the winner of the second season of the Bravo television network's reality series \"Top Chef\".", "Ilan Hall __knowledge__ Hall is a native of Great Neck, New York.", "Ilan Hall __knowledge__ His parents were both immigrants: his father from Glasgow, Scotland, and his mother from Israel.", "Ilan Hall __knowledge__ Both his parents were from Jewish families.", "Ilan Hall __knowledge__ As a teenager, Hall worked at Marine Fishery, a seafood store in his hometown of Great Neck and was later trained at Italy's Lorenzo de' Medici Apicus Program and at the Culinary Institute of America (CIA).", "Ilan Hall __knowledge__ He attended the CIA at the same time as his \"Top Chef\" runner-up Marcel Vigneron." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Top Chef __knowledge__ Top Chef is an American reality competition television series which premiered on March 8, 2006, on Bravo.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The show features chefs competing against each other in various culinary challenges.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ They are judged by a panel of professional chefs and other notables from the food and wine industry with one or more contestants eliminated in each episode.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The show is produced by Magical Elves Productions, the same company that created \"Project Runway\".", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The show has spawned multiple spinoff series, including \"Top Chef Masters\", featuring established award-winning chefs; and \"\", featuring pastry chefs.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ Another show, \"Top Chef Junior\", featuring contestants in their early teens, premiered in October 2017 on Universal Kids.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ Numerous international adaptations of \"Top Chef\" have also been produced.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ On January 24, 2017, Bravo announced that it had renewed \"Top Chef\" for a fifteenth season.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The new season was filmed in Colorado, with challenges set in Denver, Boulder, Telluride, and Aspen, and premiered on December 7, 2017.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ \"Top Chef\" is a cooking show that uses a progressive elimination format.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The beginning of each season starts with twelve to nineteen professional chefs selected through auditions.", "Last Comic Standing __knowledge__ Last Comic Standing is an American reality television talent competition show on NBC that aired from 2003 to 2010, then again in 2014 and 2015.", "Last Comic Standing __knowledge__ The goal of the program is to select a comedian from an initially large group of hopefuls.", "Last Comic Standing __knowledge__ For the first seven seasons, the winner received a cash prize and a television special; for season eight in 2014, the winner won a cash prize, a talent deal with NBC, and a half-hour scripted project that will be developed by Universal Television.", "Last Comic Standing __knowledge__ The show has varied its format season by season.", "Last Comic Standing __knowledge__ For seasons 1–2 and 4–7, NBC talent scouts Ross Mark and Bob Read held open casting calls in various locations around the United States.", "Project Runway __knowledge__ Project Runway is an American reality television (TV) series that focuses on fashion design.", "Project Runway __knowledge__ The contestants compete with each other to create the best clothes and are restricted by time, materials and theme.", "Project Runway __knowledge__ Their designs are judged by a panel, and one or more designers are typically eliminated from the show each week.", "Project Runway __knowledge__ During each season, contestants are progressively eliminated until only a few contestants remain.", "Project Runway __knowledge__ These finalists prepare a complete fashion collection for New York Fashion Week, which determines the winner.", "Project Runway __knowledge__ \"Project Runway\" was created by Eli Holzman and is hosted by supermodel Heidi Klum.", "Journey to Regionals __knowledge__ \"Journey to Regionals\" is the twenty-second episode and first season finale of the American television series \"Glee\".", "Journey to Regionals __knowledge__ The episode was written and directed by series creator Brad Falchuk, and premiered on the Fox network on June 8, 2010.", "Journey to Regionals __knowledge__ In \"Journey to Regionals\", New Directions performs at Regionals in front of celebrity judges Josh Groban, Olivia Newton-John, Rod Remington (Bill A. Jones) and Sue Sylvester (Jane Lynch).", "Journey to Regionals __knowledge__ Club member Quinn (Dianna Agron) gives birth to her daughter, Beth, whom rival glee club coach Shelby Corcoran (Idina Menzel) adopts.", "Journey to Regionals __knowledge__ Co-captains Finn (Cory Monteith) and Rachel (Lea Michele) reunite, and director Will Schuester (Matthew Morrison) professes his love for guidance counselor Emma Pillsbury (Jayma Mays).", "The Gong Show __knowledge__ The Gong Show is an amateur talent contest franchised by Sony Pictures Television to many countries.", "The Gong Show __knowledge__ It was broadcast on NBC's daytime schedule from June 14, 1976, through July 21, 1978, and in first-run syndication from 1976 to 1980 and 1988 to 1989, and was revived in 2017 for broadcast on ABC.", "The Gong Show __knowledge__ The show was created and originally produced by Chuck Barris, who also served as host for the NBC run and from 1977 to 1980 in syndication.", "The Gong Show __knowledge__ It is currently executive produced by Will Arnett and hosted by Tommy Maitland, a fictional character performed by an uncredited Mike Myers.", "The Gong Show __knowledge__ \"The Gong Show\" is known for its absurdist humor and style, with the actual competition secondary to the often outlandish acts presented; a small cash prize has typically been awarded to each show's winner.", "Celebrity branding __knowledge__ Celebrity branding or celebrity endorsement is a form of advertising campaign or marketing strategy used by brands, companies, or a non-profit organization which involves celebrities or a well-known person using their social status or their fame to help promote a product, service or even raise awareness on environmental or social matters.", "Celebrity branding __knowledge__ Marketers use celebrity endorsers in hopes that the positive images of the celebrity endorser of the brand will also be passed on to the products or the brand image associated with the celebrities.", "Celebrity branding __knowledge__ Celebrity endorsement is usually commonly used by fashion or beauty brands, but a non-profit organization relies on celebrities as well, as celebrities have mass communication skills which can attract people's attention and is helpful in reaching a wider audience to raise their awareness towards a certain organization or an issue.", "Great Sounds Great, Good Sounds Good, So-so Sounds So-so, Bad Sounds Bad, Rotten Sounds Rotten __knowledge__ Great Sounds Great, Good Sounds Good, So-so Sounds So-so, Bad Sounds Bad, Rotten Sounds Rotten (usually simply known as Great Sounds Great) is the second EP released by The Clean, a lo-fi rock band from Dunedin, New Zealand.", "Great Sounds Great, Good Sounds Good, So-so Sounds So-so, Bad Sounds Bad, Rotten Sounds Rotten __knowledge__ It was released by Flying Nun Records on 12\" vinyl in 1982.", "Great Sounds Great, Good Sounds Good, So-so Sounds So-so, Bad Sounds Bad, Rotten Sounds Rotten __knowledge__ The EP is included in its entirety, and in the same running order, as part of The Clean's 2003 CD release Anthology.", "America's Got Talent __knowledge__ America's Got Talent (often abbreviated as AGT) is an American reality television series on the NBC television network, and part of the global \"Got Talent\" franchise.", "America's Got Talent __knowledge__ It is a talent show that features singers, dancers, magicians, comedians, and other performers of all ages competing for the advertised top prize of one million dollars.", "America's Got Talent __knowledge__ The show debuted in June 2006 for the summer television season.", "America's Got Talent __knowledge__ From season three (2008) onwards, the prize includes the one million dollars, payable in a financial annuity over 40 years, and a chance to headline a show on the Las Vegas Strip.", "America's Got Talent __knowledge__ Among its significant features is that it gives an opportunity to talented amateurs or unknown performers, with the results decided by an audience vote.", "MasterChef Australia __knowledge__ MasterChef Australia is a Logie Award-winning Australian reality competitive cooking game show based on the original British \"MasterChef\".", "MasterChef Australia __knowledge__ It is produced by Shine Australia and screens on Network Ten.", "MasterChef Australia __knowledge__ Restaurateur and chef Gary Mehigan, chef George Calombaris and food critic Matt Preston serve as the show's main judges.", "MasterChef Australia __knowledge__ Journalist Sarah Wilson hosted the first series, however her role was dropped at the end of the series.", "MasterChef Australia __knowledge__ The first episode aired on 27 April 2009, and the series one finale was broadcast on 19 July 2009.", "MasterChef Australia __knowledge__ The first winner of MasterChef Australia was Julie Goodwin, a 38-year-old Central Coast I.T.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Iron Chef America __knowledge__ Iron Chef America is an American cooking show based on Fuji Television's \"Iron Chef\", and is the second American adaptation of the series, following the failed \"Iron Chef USA\".", "Iron Chef America __knowledge__ The show is produced by Food Network, which also carried a dubbed version of the original \"Iron Chef\".", "Iron Chef America __knowledge__ Like the original Japanese program, the program is a culinary game show.", "Iron Chef America __knowledge__ In each episode, a new challenger chef competes against one of the resident \"Iron Chefs\" in a one-hour cooking competition based on a secret ingredient or ingredients, and sometimes theme.", "Iron Chef America __knowledge__ The show is presented as a successor to the original \"Iron Chef\", as opposed to being a remake.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ is the longest-running noontime variety show in the Philippines.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The show has featured hundreds of segments and competitions since its debut on July 30, 1979.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The following is an incomplete list of the segments of \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ throughout its thirty-eight year run on television.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The segments are organized alphabetically by title.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ It is a special segment that has a similar concept with \"I Object, Your Honor\" and \"I Object, #NasaanAngHustisya?", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \", that tests the cleverness and originality of the \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ hosts.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The hosts are divided into two teams.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ In each round, both teams are given one specific object.", "Chopped (TV series) __knowledge__ Chopped is an American reality-based cooking television game show series created by Executive Producer Linda Lea, along with Dave Noll and Michael Krupat.", "Chopped (TV series) __knowledge__ It is hosted by Ted Allen.", "Chopped (TV series) __knowledge__ The series pits four chefs against each other as they compete for a chance to win $10,000.", "Chopped (TV series) __knowledge__ New episodes air every Tuesday at 10 p.m.", "Chopped (TV series) __knowledge__ ET on Food Network.", "Chopped (TV series) __knowledge__ In each episode, four chefs compete in a three-round contest, where they attempt to incorporate unusual combinations of ingredients into dishes that are later evaluated by a panel of three judges.", "Chopped (TV series) __knowledge__ At the beginning of each round (Usually, but not always \"Appetizer\", \"Entrée\", and \"Dessert\"), the chefs are each given a basket containing four mystery ingredients and are expected to use all of them in some way.", "Madeleine Kamman __knowledge__ Madeleine Kamman, born 1931 in Paris, is a chef and restaurateur, cookery teacher and author of seven cookbooks, who has spent most of her working life in America bringing the rigors of French technique to American ingredients and audiences.", "Madeleine Kamman __knowledge__ Kamman has been recognized by food luminaries such as James Beard for her discerning palette and knowledge of the history, culture and science of food, as well as her passion for celebrating the food cooked by women in the home as much as the masters of \"haute cuisine\"\".\"", "Madeleine Kamman __knowledge__ She has been celebrated as a leader of what she called \"cuisine personelle\" — part of the nouvelle cuisine movement that reinvented the classics of French classical cuisine — and as one of the world's most authoritative and exacting teachers of cooking — a \"teacher's teacher\" — who has Influenced the development of American chefs and the American cookery scene." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Top Chef __knowledge__ Top Chef is an American reality competition television series which premiered on March 8, 2006, on Bravo.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The show features chefs competing against each other in various culinary challenges.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ They are judged by a panel of professional chefs and other notables from the food and wine industry with one or more contestants eliminated in each episode.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The show is produced by Magical Elves Productions, the same company that created \"Project Runway\".", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The show has spawned multiple spinoff series, including \"Top Chef Masters\", featuring established award-winning chefs; and \"\", featuring pastry chefs.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ Another show, \"Top Chef Junior\", featuring contestants in their early teens, premiered in October 2017 on Universal Kids.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ Numerous international adaptations of \"Top Chef\" have also been produced.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ On January 24, 2017, Bravo announced that it had renewed \"Top Chef\" for a fifteenth season.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The new season was filmed in Colorado, with challenges set in Denver, Boulder, Telluride, and Aspen, and premiered on December 7, 2017.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ \"Top Chef\" is a cooking show that uses a progressive elimination format.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The beginning of each season starts with twelve to nineteen professional chefs selected through auditions.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Baking __knowledge__ Baking is a method of cooking food that uses prolonged dry heat, normally in an oven, but also in hot ashes, or on hot stones.", "Baking __knowledge__ The most common baked item is bread but many other types of foods are baked.", "Baking __knowledge__ Heat is gradually transferred \"from the surface of cakes, cookies, and breads to their centre.", "Baking __knowledge__ As heat travels through, it transforms batters and doughs into baked goods with a firm dry crust and a softer centre\".", "Baking __knowledge__ Baking can be combined with grilling to produce a hybrid barbecue variant by using both methods simultaneously, or one after the other.", "Baking __knowledge__ Baking is related to barbecuing because the concept of the masonry oven is similar to that of a smoke pit.", "The Great British Bake Off __knowledge__ The Great British Bake Off, often referred to as Bake Off or GBBO, is a British television baking competition produced by Love Productions, in which a group of amateur bakers compete against each other in a series of rounds, attempting to impress a group of judges with their baking skills, with a contestant being eliminated in each round, with the winner being selected from the remaining contestants that make it to the finals.", "The Great British Bake Off __knowledge__ The show's first episode was aired on 17 August 2010, with its first four series broadcast on BBC Two, until its growing popularity led the BBC to move it to BBC One for the next three series.", "Nordic bread culture __knowledge__ Nordic bread culture has existed in Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden from prehistoric time through to the present.", "Nordic bread culture __knowledge__ Four grain types dominated in the Nordic countries: barley and rye are the oldest; wheat and oats are more recent.", "Nordic bread culture __knowledge__ During the Iron Age (500 AD – 1050 AD), rye became the most commonly used grain, followed by barley and oats.", "Nordic bread culture __knowledge__ Rye was also the most commonly used grain for bread up until the beginning of the 20th century.", "Nordic bread culture __knowledge__ Today, older grain types such as emmer and spelt are once again being cultivated and new bread types are being developed from these grains.", "Nordic bread culture __knowledge__ Archaeological finds in Denmark indicate use of the two triticum (wheat) species, emmer and einkorn, during the Mesolithic Period (8900 BC – 3900 BC).", "Cake __knowledge__ Cake is a form of sweet dessert that is typically baked.", "Cake __knowledge__ In its oldest forms, cakes were modifications of breads, but cakes now cover a wide range of preparations that can be simple or elaborate, and that share features with other desserts such as pastries, meringues, custards, and pies.", "Cake __knowledge__ Typical cake ingredients are flour, sugar, eggs, butter or oil or margarine, a liquid, and leavening agents, such as baking soda or baking powder.", "Cake __knowledge__ Common additional ingredients and flavourings include dried, candied, or fresh fruit, nuts, cocoa, and extracts such as vanilla, with numerous substitutions for the primary ingredients.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "The American Baking Competition __knowledge__ The American Baking Competition is a reality competition television series that aired on CBS from May 29 to July 10, 2013.", "The American Baking Competition __knowledge__ It was based on the BBC baking competition \"The Great British Bake Off\".", "The American Baking Competition __knowledge__ The series aimed to find the best amateur baker in the United States.", "The American Baking Competition __knowledge__ The series was hosted by Jeff Foxworthy and judged by Marcela Valladolid and Paul Hollywood.", "The American Baking Competition __knowledge__ The competition was won by Brian Emmett.", "The American Baking Competition __knowledge__ The show aimed to find among its contestants the best amateur baker in the US.", "The American Baking Competition __knowledge__ Ten contestants were chosen for the first season.", "The American Baking Competition __knowledge__ In each episode, the amateur bakers were given three challenges: a signature dish, a technical challenge, and a show-stopper.", "Cincinnati Food + Wine Classic __knowledge__ The Cincinnati Food + Wine Classic is an annual culinary festival in the Over-the-Rhine historic district of Cincinnati, Ohio.", "Cincinnati Food + Wine Classic __knowledge__ The event was first produced in 2014 and draws presenters and attendees from throughout the midwest and the nation.", "Cincinnati Food + Wine Classic __knowledge__ The Food + Wine Classic was first held in 2014 as a two-day event at Washington Park in the Over-the-Rhine historic district and expanded to three days for the 2015 event.", "Cincinnati Food + Wine Classic __knowledge__ Former Cincinnati Magazine dining editor Donna Covrett and local food writer Courtney Tsitouris developed the Classic to \"showcase local and regional talent\" and to \"celebrate (the city's) Porkopolis heritage.\"", "MasterChef Australia __knowledge__ MasterChef Australia is a Logie Award-winning Australian reality competitive cooking game show based on the original British \"MasterChef\".", "MasterChef Australia __knowledge__ It is produced by Shine Australia and screens on Network Ten.", "MasterChef Australia __knowledge__ Restaurateur and chef Gary Mehigan, chef George Calombaris and food critic Matt Preston serve as the show's main judges.", "MasterChef Australia __knowledge__ Journalist Sarah Wilson hosted the first series, however her role was dropped at the end of the series.", "MasterChef Australia __knowledge__ The first episode aired on 27 April 2009, and the series one finale was broadcast on 19 July 2009.", "MasterChef Australia __knowledge__ The first winner of MasterChef Australia was Julie Goodwin, a 38-year-old Central Coast I.T.", "Chopped (TV series) __knowledge__ Chopped is an American reality-based cooking television game show series created by Executive Producer Linda Lea, along with Dave Noll and Michael Krupat.", "Chopped (TV series) __knowledge__ It is hosted by Ted Allen.", "Chopped (TV series) __knowledge__ The series pits four chefs against each other as they compete for a chance to win $10,000.", "Chopped (TV series) __knowledge__ New episodes air every Tuesday at 10 p.m.", "Chopped (TV series) __knowledge__ ET on Food Network.", "Chopped (TV series) __knowledge__ In each episode, four chefs compete in a three-round contest, where they attempt to incorporate unusual combinations of ingredients into dishes that are later evaluated by a panel of three judges.", "Chopped (TV series) __knowledge__ At the beginning of each round (Usually, but not always \"Appetizer\", \"Entrée\", and \"Dessert\"), the chefs are each given a basket containing four mystery ingredients and are expected to use all of them in some way.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ \"\" is a manga series written by Yūto Tsukuda and illustrated by Shun Saeki, serialized in \"Weekly Shōnen Jump\".", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ 27 tankōbon volumes have been released.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ An anime adaptation has aired 49 episodes over 3 seasons.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ The story follows protagonist and title character Sōma Yukihira as he transfers to the elite Tōtsuki Culinary Academy, an extremely competitive atmosphere, where only the top 1% of students graduate in.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ Under the motto \"Cooking is Everything\", students are judged on their cooking for admission to the academy and in many classes, tournaments and events.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ Competition may lead to a Shokugeki, a cooking match held in an indoor stadium, where students stake their pride and futures as chefs.", "South African wine __knowledge__ South African wine has a history dating back to 1659 with Constantia, a vineyard near Cape Town.", "South African wine __knowledge__ Access to international markets led to new investment in the South African wine market.", "South African wine __knowledge__ Production is concentrated around Cape Town, with major vineyard and production centres at Paarl, Stellenbosch and Worcester.", "South African wine __knowledge__ There are about 60 appellations within the Wine of Origin (WO) system, which was implemented in 1973 with a hierarchy of designated production regions, districts and wards.", "South African wine __knowledge__ WO wines must only contain grapes from the specific area of origin.", "South African wine __knowledge__ \"Single vineyard\" wines must come from a defined area of less than 5 hectares.", "Iron Chef __knowledge__ The host of the show is the flamboyant Takeshi Kaga, known on the show as .", "Iron Chef __knowledge__ He begins most episodes with his signature words, taken from Arthur Rimbaud, \"If memory serves me right...「私の記憶が確かならば…」\"(Jadis) si je me souviens bien...\" and summons the Iron Chefs to cook with a phrase \"Allez cuisine!\"", "Iron Chef __knowledge__ (\"Go cook!\").", "Iron Chef __knowledge__ The show has two regular commentators, Kenji Fukui who narrates the action on the floor, and Dr. Yukio Hattori, a food scholar and founder of the Hattori Nutrition College.", "Iron Chef __knowledge__ A floor reporter, Shinichiro Ohta, reports to Fukui on what the challengers and Iron Chefs are preparing, their strategy, and their comments, breaking Fukui's train of commentary with a polite \"Fukui-san?\"." ] ]

[ 1, 10, 3, 2 ]

[ "Hello. Have you ever watched Top Chef on Bravo? ", "Its a cooking show featuring professional chefs who compete against each other. They slowly get eliminated leaving the ones with the best cooking chops still standing!", "They are judged by other professional chefs and influential people in the food + wine industry. Perhaps if your \"IN\" in the food world some of the judges might be psuedo D-list celebrities. ", "Yes there are various culinary challenges. A world class chef needs to be capable of more than just baking the best pasta dish! They are challenged along different spectrums." ]

[ "Top Chef", "Top Chef", "Top Chef", "Top Chef" ]

[ "Meatloaf\nI do not like meatloaf.", "I do not eat meat, so it is definitely not something I eat.", "Because I do not eat any meat.", "Yes I am a vegetarian. ", "As long as you eat a balanced diet and lots of fruits and veggies, it is healthy." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ Meatloaf is a dish of ground meat mixed with other ingredients and formed into a loaf shape, then baked or smoked.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ The shape is created by either cooking it in a loaf pan, or forming it by hand on a flat pan.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ Meatloaf is usually made from ground beef, although lamb, pork, veal, venison, poultry and seafood are also used.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ Meatloaf of minced meat was mentioned in the Roman cookery collection \"Apicius\" as early as the 5th century.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ Meatloaf is a traditional German, Scandinavian and Belgian dish, and it is a cousin to the Dutch meatball.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ American meatloaf has its origins in scrapple, a mixture of ground pork and cornmeal served by German-Americans in Pennsylvania since Colonial times.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ Meatloaf in the contemporary American sense did not appear in cookbooks until the late 19th century.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ In the Turkish cuisine there is a meatloaf with vegetables dish called \"dalyan köfte\".", "Sangiovese __knowledge__ Sangiovese (; ) is a red Italian wine grape variety that derives its name from the Latin \"sanguis Jovis\", \"the blood of Jupiter\".", "Sangiovese __knowledge__ Though it is the grape of most of central Italy from Romagna down to Lazio, Campania and Sicily, outside Italy it is most famous as the only component of Brunello di Montalcino and Rosso di Montalcino and the main component of the blend Chianti, Carmignano, Vino Nobile di Montepulciano and Morellino di Scansano, although it can also be used to make varietal wines such as Sangiovese di Romagna and the modern \"Super Tuscan\" wines like Tignanello.", "Sangiovese __knowledge__ Sangiovese was already well known by the 16th century.", "Meat Loaf __knowledge__ Michael Lee Aday (born Marvin Lee Aday; September 27, 1947), better known by his stage name Meat Loaf, is an American musician, singer, songwriter, record producer, and actor.", "Meat Loaf __knowledge__ His \"Bat Out of Hell\" trilogy of albums (consisting of \"Bat Out of Hell\", \"\", and \"\") has sold more than 50 million copies worldwide.", "Meat Loaf __knowledge__ Almost 40 years after its release, \"Bat Out of Hell\" still sells an estimated 200,000 copies annually and stayed on the charts for over nine years, making it one of the best selling albums in history.", "Meat Loaf __knowledge__ After the commercial success of \"Bat Out of Hell\" and \"Bat Out of Hell II: Back Into Hell\" and earning a Grammy Award for Best Solo Rock Vocal Performance for the song \"I'd Do Anything for Love\", Meat Loaf experienced some initial difficulty establishing a steady career within the United States.", "If the Smoke Don't Get You, the Meatloaf Will __knowledge__ If The Smoke Don’t Get You, The Meatloaf Will is an art exhibit produced by Muistardeaux Collective (Thomas Borden, Eric Gibbons, Khyssup Muistardeaux), between June 29-July 5, 2008 at the Diego Rivera Gallery in San Francisco, California.", "If the Smoke Don't Get You, the Meatloaf Will __knowledge__ This was Muistardeaux Collective's debut exhibit.", "If the Smoke Don't Get You, the Meatloaf Will __knowledge__ It featured an arrow, a ninety pound meatloaf, a plexiglass smoking chamber, a 32’x8’ wood paneling painting, a video of Muistardeaux Collective chasing cows and smoking parliament cigarettes in a makeshift teepee, a 1972 Chevrolet C20 van (the “MSU - Mobile Smoking Unit”), a two-way surveillance camera system, and an extensive air ductwork and forced air motor system.", "Meatcake __knowledge__ Meatcake, or meatloaf cake, is a cake or other dessert look-alike that is made with meat in a meatloaf style, and not a pastry.", "Meatcake __knowledge__ Layers of meatloaf, baked in cake pans, are commonly \"frosted\" with mashed potatoes in classic layer cake fashion.", "Meatcake __knowledge__ The term is used in a sketch by comedian George Carlin, in which he describes finding an unidentifiable item in the refrigerator.", "Meatcake __knowledge__ \"Could be meat, could be cake...", "Meatcake __knowledge__ It looks like...", "Meatcake __knowledge__ \"meatcake\"!\"", "Meatcake __knowledge__ However, meatcake itself has occurred as a delicacy for quite some time before George Carlin.", "Muistardeaux Collective __knowledge__ Muistardeaux Collective (Thomas Borden, born January 3, 1968 in West Hartford, CT, and Eric Gibbons, born October 17, 1974 on Wright-Patterson Air Force Base near Dayton, OH) are contemporary artists who live and work in Half Moon Bay, CA and Portland, OR.", "Muistardeaux Collective __knowledge__ Tom Borden and Eric Gibbons are primarily a performance art duo.", "Muistardeaux Collective __knowledge__ They met in 2007 at San Francisco Art Institute.", "Muistardeaux Collective __knowledge__ Upon combining their artistic efforts, they created Muistardeaux Collective.", "Muistardeaux Collective __knowledge__ The Collective takes their name from Khyssup Muistardeaux, an imaginary artist that the duo invented to be included in the three-person exhibition \"If The Smoke Don’t Get You, The Meatloaf Will\".", "Stoney &amp; Meatloaf (band) __knowledge__ Stoney & Meatloaf is a duet of singer Meat Loaf and Stoney (Shaun Murphy).", "Stoney &amp; Meatloaf (band) __knowledge__ They released only one album in 1971, by the team's same name.", "Stoney &amp; Meatloaf (band) __knowledge__ Meat Loaf and Murphy had met previously in the Detroit music scene, and then performed with the Detroit cast of \"Hair\".", "Stoney &amp; Meatloaf (band) __knowledge__ Meat Loaf, whose name was styled \"Meatloaf\" on the album, had a minor hit \"What You See Is What You Get\".", "Stoney &amp; Meatloaf (band) __knowledge__ The duo disbanded when the record company cut out their vocals to \"Who Is the Leader of the People?\"", "Stoney &amp; Meatloaf (band) __knowledge__ and replaced them with Edwin Starr's vocals instead.", "Stoney &amp; Meatloaf (band) __knowledge__ Meat Loaf was then released from the Motown contract by management, while Murphy was retained for a short period, and left on her own to pursue other offers." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ Meatloaf is a dish of ground meat mixed with other ingredients and formed into a loaf shape, then baked or smoked.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ The shape is created by either cooking it in a loaf pan, or forming it by hand on a flat pan.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ Meatloaf is usually made from ground beef, although lamb, pork, veal, venison, poultry and seafood are also used.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ Meatloaf of minced meat was mentioned in the Roman cookery collection \"Apicius\" as early as the 5th century.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ Meatloaf is a traditional German, Scandinavian and Belgian dish, and it is a cousin to the Dutch meatball.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ American meatloaf has its origins in scrapple, a mixture of ground pork and cornmeal served by German-Americans in Pennsylvania since Colonial times.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ Meatloaf in the contemporary American sense did not appear in cookbooks until the late 19th century.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ In the Turkish cuisine there is a meatloaf with vegetables dish called \"dalyan köfte\".", "Vegetarianism and religion __knowledge__ Vegetarianism is strongly linked with a number of religions that originated in ancient India (Jainism, Hinduism and Buddhism).", "Vegetarianism and religion __knowledge__ In Jainism, vegetarianism is mandatory for everyone; in Hinduism and Mahayana Buddhism, it is advocated by some influential scriptures and religious authorities.", "Vegetarianism and religion __knowledge__ Comparatively, in the Abrahamic religions (Judaism, Christianity, and Islam), the Bahá'í Faith and Dharmic religions such as Sikhism, vegetarianism is not promoted by mainstream authorities, although in all these faiths there are small groups actively promoting vegetarianism on religious grounds.", "Vegetarianism and religion __knowledge__ Most Indian religions have philosophical schools that forbid consumption of meat and Jainism institutes an outright ban on the same.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism is the practice of abstaining from the consumption of meat (red meat, poultry, seafood, and the flesh of any other animal), and may also include abstention from by-products of animal slaughter.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism may be adopted for various reasons.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Many people object to eating meat out of respect for sentient life.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Such ethical motivations have been codified under various religious beliefs, as well as animal rights advocacy.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Other motivations for vegetarianism are health-related, political, environmental, cultural, aesthetic, economic, or personal preference.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ There are variations of the diet as well: an ovo-lacto vegetarian diet includes both eggs and dairy products, an ovo-vegetarian diet includes eggs but not dairy products, and a lacto-vegetarian diet includes dairy products but not eggs.", "Meat __knowledge__ Meat is animal flesh that is eaten as food.", "Meat __knowledge__ Humans have hunted and killed animals for meat since prehistoric times.", "Meat __knowledge__ The advent of civilization allowed the domestication of animals such as chickens, sheep, rabbits, pigs and cattle.", "Meat __knowledge__ This eventually led to their use in meat production on an industrial scale with the aid of slaughterhouses.", "Meat __knowledge__ Meat is mainly composed of water, protein, and fat.", "Meat __knowledge__ It is edible raw, but is normally eaten after it has been cooked and seasoned or processed in a variety of ways.", "Meat __knowledge__ Unprocessed meat will spoil or rot within hours or days as a result of infection with and decomposition by bacteria and fungi.", "Emor __knowledge__ Emor ( — Hebrew for \"speak,\" the fifth word, and the first distinctive word, in the parashah) is the 31st weekly Torah portion (, \"parashah\") in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the eighth in the Book of Leviticus.", "Emor __knowledge__ The parashah describes purity rules for priests (, \"Kohanim\"), recounts the holy days, describes the preparations for the lights and bread in the sanctuary, and tells the story of a blasphemer and his punishment.", "Emor __knowledge__ The parashah constitutes It has the most verses (although not the most letters or words) of any of the weekly Torah portions in the Book of Leviticus, and is made up of 6,106 Hebrew letters, 1,614 Hebrew words, and 124 verses and can occupy about 215 lines in a Torah Scroll (, \"Sefer Torah\").", "Diet in Hinduism __knowledge__ Diet in Hinduism varies with its diverse traditions.", "Diet in Hinduism __knowledge__ The ancient and medieval Hindu texts do not explicitly prohibit eating meat, but they do strongly recommend ahimsa—non-violence against all life forms including animals.", "Diet in Hinduism __knowledge__ Many Hindus prefer a vegetarian or lacto-vegetarian lifestyle, and methods of food production that are in sync with nature, compassionate, and respectful of other life forms as well as nature.", "Diet in Hinduism __knowledge__ The diet of Hindus usually does not include eggs, fish or meat.", "Diet in Hinduism __knowledge__ However, if included, Hindus often favor \"jhatka\" (quick death) style preparation of meat since Hindus believe that this method minimizes trauma and suffering to the animal.", "Buddhist vegetarianism __knowledge__ Buddhist vegetarianism is the belief that following a vegetarian diet is implied in the Buddha's teaching.", "Buddhist vegetarianism __knowledge__ In Buddhism, however, the views on vegetarianism vary between different schools of thought.", "Buddhist vegetarianism __knowledge__ According to Theravada, the Buddha allowed his monks to eat pork, chicken and fish if the monk was aware that the animal was not killed on their behalf.", "Buddhist vegetarianism __knowledge__ The Mahayana schools generally recommend a vegetarian diet; according to some sutras the Buddha himself insisted that his followers should not eat the flesh of any sentient being.", "Buddhist vegetarianism __knowledge__ Monks of the Mahayana traditions that follow the Brahma Net Sutra are forbidden by their vows from eating flesh of any kind.", "Psychology of eating meat __knowledge__ The psychology of eating meat is a complex area of study illustrating the confluence of morality, emotions, cognition, and personality characteristics.", "Psychology of eating meat __knowledge__ Research into the psychological and cultural factors of meat eating suggests correlations with masculinity; support for hierarchical values; and reduced openness to experience.", "Psychology of eating meat __knowledge__ Because meat eating is widely practiced but is sometimes associated with ambivalence, it has been used as a case study in moral psychology to illustrate theories of cognitive dissonance and moral disengagement.", "Psychology of eating meat __knowledge__ Research into the consumer psychology of meat is relevant both to meat industry marketing and to advocates of reduced meat consumption.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "Sangiovese __knowledge__ Sangiovese (; ) is a red Italian wine grape variety that derives its name from the Latin \"sanguis Jovis\", \"the blood of Jupiter\".", "Sangiovese __knowledge__ Though it is the grape of most of central Italy from Romagna down to Lazio, Campania and Sicily, outside Italy it is most famous as the only component of Brunello di Montalcino and Rosso di Montalcino and the main component of the blend Chianti, Carmignano, Vino Nobile di Montepulciano and Morellino di Scansano, although it can also be used to make varietal wines such as Sangiovese di Romagna and the modern \"Super Tuscan\" wines like Tignanello.", "Sangiovese __knowledge__ Sangiovese was already well known by the 16th century.", "Nordic bread culture __knowledge__ Nordic bread culture has existed in Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden from prehistoric time through to the present.", "Nordic bread culture __knowledge__ Four grain types dominated in the Nordic countries: barley and rye are the oldest; wheat and oats are more recent.", "Nordic bread culture __knowledge__ During the Iron Age (500 AD – 1050 AD), rye became the most commonly used grain, followed by barley and oats.", "Nordic bread culture __knowledge__ Rye was also the most commonly used grain for bread up until the beginning of the 20th century.", "Nordic bread culture __knowledge__ Today, older grain types such as emmer and spelt are once again being cultivated and new bread types are being developed from these grains.", "Nordic bread culture __knowledge__ Archaeological finds in Denmark indicate use of the two triticum (wheat) species, emmer and einkorn, during the Mesolithic Period (8900 BC – 3900 BC).", "Baking __knowledge__ Baking is a method of cooking food that uses prolonged dry heat, normally in an oven, but also in hot ashes, or on hot stones.", "Baking __knowledge__ The most common baked item is bread but many other types of foods are baked.", "Baking __knowledge__ Heat is gradually transferred \"from the surface of cakes, cookies, and breads to their centre.", "Baking __knowledge__ As heat travels through, it transforms batters and doughs into baked goods with a firm dry crust and a softer centre\".", "Baking __knowledge__ Baking can be combined with grilling to produce a hybrid barbecue variant by using both methods simultaneously, or one after the other.", "Baking __knowledge__ Baking is related to barbecuing because the concept of the masonry oven is similar to that of a smoke pit.", "Bacon __knowledge__ Bacon is a type of salt-cured pork.", "Bacon __knowledge__ Bacon is prepared from several different cuts of meat, typically from the pork belly or from back cuts, which has less fat than the belly.", "Bacon __knowledge__ It is eaten on its own, as a side dish (particularly in breakfasts), or used as a minor ingredient to flavour dishes (e.g., the club sandwich).", "Bacon __knowledge__ Bacon is also used for barding and larding roasts, especially game, including venison and pheasant.", "Bacon __knowledge__ The word is derived from the Old High German \"bacho\", meaning \"buttock\", \"ham\" or \"side of bacon\", and is cognate with the Old French \"bacon\".", "Bacon __knowledge__ Meat from other animals, such as beef, lamb, chicken, goat, or turkey, may also be cut, cured, or otherwise prepared to resemble bacon, and may even be referred to as \"bacon\".", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ Yup'ik cuisine (\"Yupiit neqait\" in Yup'ik language, literally \"Yup'iks' foods\" or \"Yup'iks' fishes\") refers to the Eskimo style traditional subsistence food and cuisine of the Yup'ik people from the western and southwestern Alaska.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ Also known as Cup'ik cuisine for the Chevak Cup'ik dialect speaking Eskimos of Chevak and Cup'ig cuisine for the Nunivak Cup'ig dialect speaking Eskimos of Nunivak Island.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ This cuisine is traditionally based on meat from fish, birds, sea and land mammals, and normally contains high levels of protein.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ Subsistence foods are generally considered by many to be nutritionally superior superfoods." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ Meatloaf is a dish of ground meat mixed with other ingredients and formed into a loaf shape, then baked or smoked.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ The shape is created by either cooking it in a loaf pan, or forming it by hand on a flat pan.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ Meatloaf is usually made from ground beef, although lamb, pork, veal, venison, poultry and seafood are also used.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ Meatloaf of minced meat was mentioned in the Roman cookery collection \"Apicius\" as early as the 5th century.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ Meatloaf is a traditional German, Scandinavian and Belgian dish, and it is a cousin to the Dutch meatball.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ American meatloaf has its origins in scrapple, a mixture of ground pork and cornmeal served by German-Americans in Pennsylvania since Colonial times.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ Meatloaf in the contemporary American sense did not appear in cookbooks until the late 19th century.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ In the Turkish cuisine there is a meatloaf with vegetables dish called \"dalyan köfte\".", "Dog meat __knowledge__ Dog meat is the flesh and other edible parts derived from dogs.", "Dog meat __knowledge__ Historically, human consumption of dog meat has been recorded in many parts of the world, including East and Southeast Asia, West Africa, Europe, Oceania and the Americas.", "Dog meat __knowledge__ In the 21st century, dog meat is consumed in many parts of China, Korea, and Vietnam.", "Dog meat __knowledge__ Some cultures view the consumption of dog meat as part of their traditional and day-to-day cuisine, while other cultures consider consumption of dog meat a taboo, although they have been consumed in times of war or other hardships.", "Dog meat __knowledge__ It was estimated in 2014 that worldwide, 25 million dogs are eaten each year by humans.", "Horse meat __knowledge__ Horse meat is the culinary name for meat cut from a horse.", "Horse meat __knowledge__ It is a major meat in only a few countries, notably in Central Asia, but it forms a significant part of the culinary traditions of many others, from Europe to South America to Asia.", "Horse meat __knowledge__ The top eight countries consume about 4.7 million horses a year.", "Horse meat __knowledge__ For the majority of humanity's early existence, wild horses were hunted as a source of protein.", "Horse meat __knowledge__ It is slightly sweet, tender and low in fat.", "Horse meat __knowledge__ Because of the role horses have played as companions and as workers, and ensuing concerns about the ethics of the horse slaughter process, it is a taboo food in some cultures, for example the Romani, whose culture contains a rich history of equine husbandry.", "Meat __knowledge__ Meat is animal flesh that is eaten as food.", "Meat __knowledge__ Humans have hunted and killed animals for meat since prehistoric times.", "Meat __knowledge__ The advent of civilization allowed the domestication of animals such as chickens, sheep, rabbits, pigs and cattle.", "Meat __knowledge__ This eventually led to their use in meat production on an industrial scale with the aid of slaughterhouses.", "Meat __knowledge__ Meat is mainly composed of water, protein, and fat.", "Meat __knowledge__ It is edible raw, but is normally eaten after it has been cooked and seasoned or processed in a variety of ways.", "Meat __knowledge__ Unprocessed meat will spoil or rot within hours or days as a result of infection with and decomposition by bacteria and fungi.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism is the practice of abstaining from the consumption of meat (red meat, poultry, seafood, and the flesh of any other animal), and may also include abstention from by-products of animal slaughter.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism may be adopted for various reasons.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Many people object to eating meat out of respect for sentient life.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Such ethical motivations have been codified under various religious beliefs, as well as animal rights advocacy.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Other motivations for vegetarianism are health-related, political, environmental, cultural, aesthetic, economic, or personal preference.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ There are variations of the diet as well: an ovo-lacto vegetarian diet includes both eggs and dairy products, an ovo-vegetarian diet includes eggs but not dairy products, and a lacto-vegetarian diet includes dairy products but not eggs.", "Vegetarianism and religion __knowledge__ Vegetarianism is strongly linked with a number of religions that originated in ancient India (Jainism, Hinduism and Buddhism).", "Vegetarianism and religion __knowledge__ In Jainism, vegetarianism is mandatory for everyone; in Hinduism and Mahayana Buddhism, it is advocated by some influential scriptures and religious authorities.", "Vegetarianism and religion __knowledge__ Comparatively, in the Abrahamic religions (Judaism, Christianity, and Islam), the Bahá'í Faith and Dharmic religions such as Sikhism, vegetarianism is not promoted by mainstream authorities, although in all these faiths there are small groups actively promoting vegetarianism on religious grounds.", "Vegetarianism and religion __knowledge__ Most Indian religions have philosophical schools that forbid consumption of meat and Jainism institutes an outright ban on the same.", "Psychology of eating meat __knowledge__ The psychology of eating meat is a complex area of study illustrating the confluence of morality, emotions, cognition, and personality characteristics.", "Psychology of eating meat __knowledge__ Research into the psychological and cultural factors of meat eating suggests correlations with masculinity; support for hierarchical values; and reduced openness to experience.", "Psychology of eating meat __knowledge__ Because meat eating is widely practiced but is sometimes associated with ambivalence, it has been used as a case study in moral psychology to illustrate theories of cognitive dissonance and moral disengagement.", "Psychology of eating meat __knowledge__ Research into the consumer psychology of meat is relevant both to meat industry marketing and to advocates of reduced meat consumption.", "Food and drink prohibitions __knowledge__ Some people abstain from consuming various foods and beverages in conformity with various religious, cultural, legal or other societal prohibitions.", "Food and drink prohibitions __knowledge__ Many of these prohibitions constitute taboos.", "Food and drink prohibitions __knowledge__ Many food taboos and other prohibitions forbid the meat of a particular animal, including mammals, rodents, reptiles, amphibians, fish, molluscs, crustaceans and insects, which may relate to a disgust response being more often associated with meats than plant-based foods.", "Food and drink prohibitions __knowledge__ Some prohibitions are specific to a particular part or excretion of an animal, while others forgo the consumption of plants or fungi.", "Meat Loaf __knowledge__ Michael Lee Aday (born Marvin Lee Aday; September 27, 1947), better known by his stage name Meat Loaf, is an American musician, singer, songwriter, record producer, and actor.", "Meat Loaf __knowledge__ His \"Bat Out of Hell\" trilogy of albums (consisting of \"Bat Out of Hell\", \"\", and \"\") has sold more than 50 million copies worldwide.", "Meat Loaf __knowledge__ Almost 40 years after its release, \"Bat Out of Hell\" still sells an estimated 200,000 copies annually and stayed on the charts for over nine years, making it one of the best selling albums in history.", "Meat Loaf __knowledge__ After the commercial success of \"Bat Out of Hell\" and \"Bat Out of Hell II: Back Into Hell\" and earning a Grammy Award for Best Solo Rock Vocal Performance for the song \"I'd Do Anything for Love\", Meat Loaf experienced some initial difficulty establishing a steady career within the United States.", "Bat Out of Hell III: The Monster Is Loose __knowledge__ Bat Out of Hell III: The Monster Is Loose is the tenth studio album by Meat Loaf, and the third and final one in the \"Bat Out of Hell\" trilogy.", "Bat Out of Hell III: The Monster Is Loose __knowledge__ It was released in October 2006, 29 years after \"Bat Out of Hell\" (1977), and 13 years after \"\" (1993).", "Bat Out of Hell III: The Monster Is Loose __knowledge__ Produced by Desmond Child, it is the only \"Bat\" album not involving Jim Steinman in its production.", "Bat Out of Hell III: The Monster Is Loose __knowledge__ The album was subject to a legal dispute between Meat Loaf and Steinman, who had registered the phrase \"Bat Out of Hell\" as a trademark and attempted to prevent the album using the phrase.", "Bat Out of Hell III: The Monster Is Loose __knowledge__ In the end, seven songs that Steinman wrote for various other projects were included.", "Bat Out of Hell II: Back into Hell __knowledge__ Bat Out of Hell II: Back into Hell is the sixth studio album by American rock singer Meat Loaf and was written and produced by Jim Steinman.", "Bat Out of Hell II: Back into Hell __knowledge__ It was released in September 1993, sixteen years after Meat Loaf's first solo album \"Bat Out of Hell\".", "Bat Out of Hell II: Back into Hell __knowledge__ The album reached number 1 in the United States, United Kingdom and Australia.", "Bat Out of Hell II: Back into Hell __knowledge__ Five tracks were released as singles, including \"I'd Do Anything for Love (But I Won't Do That)\", which reached number 1 in 28 countries.", "Bat Out of Hell II: Back into Hell __knowledge__ The album was released by Virgin Records outside of North America, where it was released by MCA.", "Bat Out of Hell II: Back into Hell __knowledge__ The third part of the \"Bat\" trilogy, \"\", was released in 2006.", "Jim Steinman __knowledge__ James Richard Steinman (born November 1, 1947) is an American composer, lyricist, and Grammy Award-winning record producer responsible for many hit songs.", "Jim Steinman __knowledge__ He has also worked as an arranger, pianist and singer.", "Jim Steinman __knowledge__ His work has included songs in the adult contemporary, rock and roll, dance, pop, musical theater and film score genres.", "Jim Steinman __knowledge__ Beginning his career in musical theater, Steinman's most notable work in the area includes lyrics for \"Whistle Down the Wind\" and music for \"Tanz der Vampire\".", "Jim Steinman __knowledge__ His work includes such albums as Meat Loaf's \"Bat Out of Hell\" and \"\", and producing albums for Bonnie Tyler.", "Jim Steinman __knowledge__ His most successful chart singles include Bonnie Tyler's \"Total Eclipse of the Heart\", Air Supply's \"Making Love Out of Nothing at All\", Meat Loaf's \"I'd Do Anything for Love (But I Won't Do That)\", the Sisters of Mercy's \"This Corrosion\" and \"More\", Barry Manilow's \"Read 'Em and Weep\" (originally released by Meat Loaf), Celine Dion's cover of \"It's All Coming Back to Me Now\" (originally released by Steinman's project Pandora's Box, and later by Meat Loaf and Marion Raven) and Boyzone's \"No Matter What\".", "Bat Out of Hell __knowledge__ Bat Out of Hell is the second studio album and the major-label debut by American rock singer Meat Loaf, as well as being his first collaboration with composer Jim Steinman and producer Todd Rundgren, released in September 1977 on Cleveland International/Epic Records.", "Bat Out of Hell __knowledge__ It is one of the best-selling albums of all time, having sold over 43 million copies worldwide.", "Bat Out of Hell __knowledge__ \"Rolling Stone\" \"Magazine\" ranked it at number 343 on its list of the 500 greatest albums of all time in 2003.", "Bat Out of Hell __knowledge__ Its musical style is influenced by Steinman's appreciation of Richard Wagner, Phil Spector, Bruce Springsteen and The Who.", "Bat Out of Hell __knowledge__ \"Bat Out of Hell\" has been certified 14 times platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America.", "It's All Coming Back to Me Now __knowledge__ \"It's All Coming Back to Me Now\" is a power ballad written by Jim Steinman.", "It's All Coming Back to Me Now __knowledge__ According to Steinman, the song was inspired by \"Wuthering Heights\", and was an attempt to write \"the most passionate, romantic song\" he could ever create.", "It's All Coming Back to Me Now __knowledge__ \"The Sunday Times\" posits that \"Steinman protects his songs as if they were his children\".", "It's All Coming Back to Me Now __knowledge__ Meat Loaf had wanted to record \"It's All Coming Back...\" for years, but Steinman saw it as a \"woman's song.\"", "It's All Coming Back to Me Now __knowledge__ Steinman won a court movement preventing Meat Loaf from recording it.", "It's All Coming Back to Me Now __knowledge__ Girl group Pandora's Box went on to record it and it was subsequently made famous through a cover by Celine Dion, which upset Meat Loaf because he was going to use it for a planned album with the working title \"Bat Out of Hell III\".", "I'd Do Anything for Love (But I Won't Do That) __knowledge__ \"I'd Do Anything for Love (But I Won't Do That)\" is a song written by Jim Steinman, and recorded by Meat Loaf with Lorraine Crosby.", "I'd Do Anything for Love (But I Won't Do That) __knowledge__ The song was released in 1993 as the first single from the album \".\"", "I'd Do Anything for Love (But I Won't Do That) __knowledge__ The last six verses feature a female singer who was credited only as \"Mrs.", "I'd Do Anything for Love (But I Won't Do That) __knowledge__ Loud\" in the album notes.", "I'd Do Anything for Love (But I Won't Do That) __knowledge__ She was later identified as Lorraine Crosby.", "I'd Do Anything for Love (But I Won't Do That) __knowledge__ However, she does not appear in the video, in which her vocals are lip-synched by Dana Patrick.", "I'd Do Anything for Love (But I Won't Do That) __knowledge__ Meat Loaf promoted the single with US vocalist Patti Russo.", "I'd Do Anything for Love (But I Won't Do That) __knowledge__ The power ballad was a commercial success, reaching number one in 28 countries.", "I'd Do Anything for Love (But I Won't Do That) __knowledge__ The single was certified platinum in the United States and became Meat Loaf's first number-one single on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart and on the UK singles chart, and was the best-selling single of 1993 in the United Kingdom." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ Meatloaf is a dish of ground meat mixed with other ingredients and formed into a loaf shape, then baked or smoked.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ The shape is created by either cooking it in a loaf pan, or forming it by hand on a flat pan.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ Meatloaf is usually made from ground beef, although lamb, pork, veal, venison, poultry and seafood are also used.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ Meatloaf of minced meat was mentioned in the Roman cookery collection \"Apicius\" as early as the 5th century.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ Meatloaf is a traditional German, Scandinavian and Belgian dish, and it is a cousin to the Dutch meatball.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ American meatloaf has its origins in scrapple, a mixture of ground pork and cornmeal served by German-Americans in Pennsylvania since Colonial times.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ Meatloaf in the contemporary American sense did not appear in cookbooks until the late 19th century.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ In the Turkish cuisine there is a meatloaf with vegetables dish called \"dalyan köfte\".", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism is the practice of abstaining from the consumption of meat (red meat, poultry, seafood, and the flesh of any other animal), and may also include abstention from by-products of animal slaughter.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism may be adopted for various reasons.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Many people object to eating meat out of respect for sentient life.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Such ethical motivations have been codified under various religious beliefs, as well as animal rights advocacy.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Other motivations for vegetarianism are health-related, political, environmental, cultural, aesthetic, economic, or personal preference.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ There are variations of the diet as well: an ovo-lacto vegetarian diet includes both eggs and dairy products, an ovo-vegetarian diet includes eggs but not dairy products, and a lacto-vegetarian diet includes dairy products but not eggs.", "Vegetarianism by country __knowledge__ This article deals with vegetarianism and veganism by country, comparing the prevalence of vegetarianism and veganism in each country when sources are available by the number of vegetarians and vegans, and listing food standards, laws and general cultural attitudes.", "Vegetarianism by country __knowledge__ Some countries have strong cultural or religious traditions that promote vegetarianism, such as in India, while in other countries secular ethical concerns dominate, including animal rights and environmental protection, along with health concerns.", "Vegetarianism by country __knowledge__ In many countries, food labeling laws make it easier for vegetarians to identify foods compatible with their diets.", "Vegetarian ecofeminism __knowledge__ Vegetarian ecofeminism is an activist and academic movement which states that all types of oppression are linked and must be eradicated, with a focus on including the domination of humans over nonhuman animals.", "Vegetarian ecofeminism __knowledge__ Through the feminist concept known as intersectionality, it is recognized that sexism, racism, classism, and other forms of inter human oppression are all connected.", "Vegetarian ecofeminism __knowledge__ Vegetarian ecofeminism aims to include the domination of not only the environment but also of nonhuman animals to the list.", "Vegetarian ecofeminism __knowledge__ Vegetarian ecofeminism is part of the academic and philosophical field of ecofeminism, which states that the ways in which the privileged dominates the oppressed should include the way humans dominate nature.", "History of vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism has its roots in the civilizations of ancient India and ancient Greece.", "History of vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism is the theory and practice of voluntary non-consumption of the flesh of any animal (including sea animals), with or without also eschewing other animal derivatives (such as dairy products or eggs).", "History of vegetarianism __knowledge__ The earliest records of vegetarianism as a concept and practice amongst a significant number of people concern ancient India and the ancient Greek civilizations in southern Italy and Greece.", "History of vegetarianism __knowledge__ In both instances the diet was closely connected with the idea of nonviolence toward animals (called \"ahimsa\" in India), and was promoted by religious groups and philosophers.", "List of vegetarian festivals __knowledge__ This is a list of vegetarian and vegan festivals, held in numerous locations around the globe to promote veganism and/or vegetarianism among the public and support and link individuals and organizations that practice, promote or endorse veganism or vegetarianism.", "List of vegetarian festivals __knowledge__ Many of them are also food festivals and/or music festivals and can also contain edutainment.", "List of vegetarian festivals __knowledge__ Vegfest 2015 was organized by the Vegetarian Association of Ghana.", "List of vegetarian festivals __knowledge__ Hong Kong Vegfest started in 2013 organized by the Hong Kong Vegan Association.", "List of vegetarian festivals __knowledge__ The festival organisers stipulate only vegan products be offered at the event by vendors.", "List of vegetarian festivals __knowledge__ Admission is free to attendees.", "Veganism __knowledge__ Veganism is both the practice of abstaining from the use of animal products, particularly in diet, and an associated philosophy that rejects the commodity status of animals.", "Veganism __knowledge__ A follower of either the diet or the philosophy is known as a vegan ( ).", "Veganism __knowledge__ Distinctions are sometimes made between several categories of veganism.", "Veganism __knowledge__ \"Dietary vegans\" (or strict vegetarians) refrain from consuming animal products, not only meat but also eggs, dairy products and other animal-derived substances.", "Veganism __knowledge__ The term \"ethical vegan\" is often applied to those who not only follow a vegan diet but extend the philosophy into other areas of their lives, and oppose the use of animals for any purpose.", "Vegetarianism and religion __knowledge__ Vegetarianism is strongly linked with a number of religions that originated in ancient India (Jainism, Hinduism and Buddhism).", "Vegetarianism and religion __knowledge__ In Jainism, vegetarianism is mandatory for everyone; in Hinduism and Mahayana Buddhism, it is advocated by some influential scriptures and religious authorities.", "Vegetarianism and religion __knowledge__ Comparatively, in the Abrahamic religions (Judaism, Christianity, and Islam), the Bahá'í Faith and Dharmic religions such as Sikhism, vegetarianism is not promoted by mainstream authorities, although in all these faiths there are small groups actively promoting vegetarianism on religious grounds.", "Vegetarianism and religion __knowledge__ Most Indian religions have philosophical schools that forbid consumption of meat and Jainism institutes an outright ban on the same.", "Meat Loaf __knowledge__ Michael Lee Aday (born Marvin Lee Aday; September 27, 1947), better known by his stage name Meat Loaf, is an American musician, singer, songwriter, record producer, and actor.", "Meat Loaf __knowledge__ His \"Bat Out of Hell\" trilogy of albums (consisting of \"Bat Out of Hell\", \"\", and \"\") has sold more than 50 million copies worldwide.", "Meat Loaf __knowledge__ Almost 40 years after its release, \"Bat Out of Hell\" still sells an estimated 200,000 copies annually and stayed on the charts for over nine years, making it one of the best selling albums in history.", "Meat Loaf __knowledge__ After the commercial success of \"Bat Out of Hell\" and \"Bat Out of Hell II: Back Into Hell\" and earning a Grammy Award for Best Solo Rock Vocal Performance for the song \"I'd Do Anything for Love\", Meat Loaf experienced some initial difficulty establishing a steady career within the United States.", "Bat Out of Hell III: The Monster Is Loose __knowledge__ Bat Out of Hell III: The Monster Is Loose is the tenth studio album by Meat Loaf, and the third and final one in the \"Bat Out of Hell\" trilogy.", "Bat Out of Hell III: The Monster Is Loose __knowledge__ It was released in October 2006, 29 years after \"Bat Out of Hell\" (1977), and 13 years after \"\" (1993).", "Bat Out of Hell III: The Monster Is Loose __knowledge__ Produced by Desmond Child, it is the only \"Bat\" album not involving Jim Steinman in its production.", "Bat Out of Hell III: The Monster Is Loose __knowledge__ The album was subject to a legal dispute between Meat Loaf and Steinman, who had registered the phrase \"Bat Out of Hell\" as a trademark and attempted to prevent the album using the phrase.", "Bat Out of Hell III: The Monster Is Loose __knowledge__ In the end, seven songs that Steinman wrote for various other projects were included.", "Bat Out of Hell II: Back into Hell __knowledge__ Bat Out of Hell II: Back into Hell is the sixth studio album by American rock singer Meat Loaf and was written and produced by Jim Steinman.", "Bat Out of Hell II: Back into Hell __knowledge__ It was released in September 1993, sixteen years after Meat Loaf's first solo album \"Bat Out of Hell\".", "Bat Out of Hell II: Back into Hell __knowledge__ The album reached number 1 in the United States, United Kingdom and Australia.", "Bat Out of Hell II: Back into Hell __knowledge__ Five tracks were released as singles, including \"I'd Do Anything for Love (But I Won't Do That)\", which reached number 1 in 28 countries.", "Bat Out of Hell II: Back into Hell __knowledge__ The album was released by Virgin Records outside of North America, where it was released by MCA.", "Bat Out of Hell II: Back into Hell __knowledge__ The third part of the \"Bat\" trilogy, \"\", was released in 2006.", "Jim Steinman __knowledge__ James Richard Steinman (born November 1, 1947) is an American composer, lyricist, and Grammy Award-winning record producer responsible for many hit songs.", "Jim Steinman __knowledge__ He has also worked as an arranger, pianist and singer.", "Jim Steinman __knowledge__ His work has included songs in the adult contemporary, rock and roll, dance, pop, musical theater and film score genres.", "Jim Steinman __knowledge__ Beginning his career in musical theater, Steinman's most notable work in the area includes lyrics for \"Whistle Down the Wind\" and music for \"Tanz der Vampire\".", "Jim Steinman __knowledge__ His work includes such albums as Meat Loaf's \"Bat Out of Hell\" and \"\", and producing albums for Bonnie Tyler.", "Jim Steinman __knowledge__ His most successful chart singles include Bonnie Tyler's \"Total Eclipse of the Heart\", Air Supply's \"Making Love Out of Nothing at All\", Meat Loaf's \"I'd Do Anything for Love (But I Won't Do That)\", the Sisters of Mercy's \"This Corrosion\" and \"More\", Barry Manilow's \"Read 'Em and Weep\" (originally released by Meat Loaf), Celine Dion's cover of \"It's All Coming Back to Me Now\" (originally released by Steinman's project Pandora's Box, and later by Meat Loaf and Marion Raven) and Boyzone's \"No Matter What\".", "Bat Out of Hell __knowledge__ Bat Out of Hell is the second studio album and the major-label debut by American rock singer Meat Loaf, as well as being his first collaboration with composer Jim Steinman and producer Todd Rundgren, released in September 1977 on Cleveland International/Epic Records.", "Bat Out of Hell __knowledge__ It is one of the best-selling albums of all time, having sold over 43 million copies worldwide.", "Bat Out of Hell __knowledge__ \"Rolling Stone\" \"Magazine\" ranked it at number 343 on its list of the 500 greatest albums of all time in 2003.", "Bat Out of Hell __knowledge__ Its musical style is influenced by Steinman's appreciation of Richard Wagner, Phil Spector, Bruce Springsteen and The Who.", "Bat Out of Hell __knowledge__ \"Bat Out of Hell\" has been certified 14 times platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America.", "I'd Do Anything for Love (But I Won't Do That) __knowledge__ \"I'd Do Anything for Love (But I Won't Do That)\" is a song written by Jim Steinman, and recorded by Meat Loaf with Lorraine Crosby.", "I'd Do Anything for Love (But I Won't Do That) __knowledge__ The song was released in 1993 as the first single from the album \".\"", "I'd Do Anything for Love (But I Won't Do That) __knowledge__ The last six verses feature a female singer who was credited only as \"Mrs.", "I'd Do Anything for Love (But I Won't Do That) __knowledge__ Loud\" in the album notes.", "I'd Do Anything for Love (But I Won't Do That) __knowledge__ She was later identified as Lorraine Crosby.", "I'd Do Anything for Love (But I Won't Do That) __knowledge__ However, she does not appear in the video, in which her vocals are lip-synched by Dana Patrick.", "I'd Do Anything for Love (But I Won't Do That) __knowledge__ Meat Loaf promoted the single with US vocalist Patti Russo.", "I'd Do Anything for Love (But I Won't Do That) __knowledge__ The power ballad was a commercial success, reaching number one in 28 countries.", "I'd Do Anything for Love (But I Won't Do That) __knowledge__ The single was certified platinum in the United States and became Meat Loaf's first number-one single on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart and on the UK singles chart, and was the best-selling single of 1993 in the United Kingdom.", "It's All Coming Back to Me Now __knowledge__ \"It's All Coming Back to Me Now\" is a power ballad written by Jim Steinman.", "It's All Coming Back to Me Now __knowledge__ According to Steinman, the song was inspired by \"Wuthering Heights\", and was an attempt to write \"the most passionate, romantic song\" he could ever create.", "It's All Coming Back to Me Now __knowledge__ \"The Sunday Times\" posits that \"Steinman protects his songs as if they were his children\".", "It's All Coming Back to Me Now __knowledge__ Meat Loaf had wanted to record \"It's All Coming Back...\" for years, but Steinman saw it as a \"woman's song.\"", "It's All Coming Back to Me Now __knowledge__ Steinman won a court movement preventing Meat Loaf from recording it.", "It's All Coming Back to Me Now __knowledge__ Girl group Pandora's Box went on to record it and it was subsequently made famous through a cover by Celine Dion, which upset Meat Loaf because he was going to use it for a planned album with the working title \"Bat Out of Hell III\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ Meatloaf is a dish of ground meat mixed with other ingredients and formed into a loaf shape, then baked or smoked.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ The shape is created by either cooking it in a loaf pan, or forming it by hand on a flat pan.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ Meatloaf is usually made from ground beef, although lamb, pork, veal, venison, poultry and seafood are also used.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ Meatloaf of minced meat was mentioned in the Roman cookery collection \"Apicius\" as early as the 5th century.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ Meatloaf is a traditional German, Scandinavian and Belgian dish, and it is a cousin to the Dutch meatball.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ American meatloaf has its origins in scrapple, a mixture of ground pork and cornmeal served by German-Americans in Pennsylvania since Colonial times.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ Meatloaf in the contemporary American sense did not appear in cookbooks until the late 19th century.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ In the Turkish cuisine there is a meatloaf with vegetables dish called \"dalyan köfte\".", "Copper in health __knowledge__ Copper is an essential trace element that is vital to the health of all living things (humans, plants, animals, and microorganisms).", "Copper in health __knowledge__ In humans, copper is essential to the proper functioning of organs and metabolic processes.", "Copper in health __knowledge__ The human body has complex homeostatic mechanisms which attempt to ensure a constant supply of available copper, while eliminating excess copper whenever this occurs.", "Copper in health __knowledge__ However, like all essential elements and nutrients, too much or too little nutritional ingestion of copper can result in a corresponding condition of copper excess or deficiency in the body, each of which has its own unique set of adverse health effects.", "List of nutrition guides __knowledge__ This is a list of nutrition guides.", "List of nutrition guides __knowledge__ A nutrition guide is a reference that provides nutrition advice for general health, typically by dividing foods into food groups and recommending servings of each group.", "List of nutrition guides __knowledge__ Nutrition guides can be presented in written or visual form, and are commonly published by government agencies, health associations and university health departments.", "List of nutrition guides __knowledge__ Most countries also have nutrition facts labels which are not listed here; many of those reference specific target amounts for various nutrients.", "List of nutrition guides __knowledge__ The Hippocratic Corpus of Ancient Greece contains one of the earliest known nutrition guides.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cat food is food for consumption by cats.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cats have specific requirements for their dietary nutrients.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Certain nutrients, including many vitamins and amino acids, are degraded by the temperatures, pressures and chemical treatments used during manufacture, and hence must be added after manufacture to avoid nutritional deficiency.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The amino acid taurine, for example, which is found in meat, is degraded during processing, so synthetic taurine is normally added afterwards.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Long-term taurine deficiency may result in retinal degeneration, loss of vision, and cardiac arrest.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The idea of preparing specialized food for cats came later than for dogs (see dog biscuits and dog food).", "Food desert __knowledge__ A food desert is an area, especially one with low-income residents, that has limited access to affordable and nutritious food.", "Food desert __knowledge__ In contrast, an area with supermarkets or vegetable shops is termed a food oasis.", "Food desert __knowledge__ The term food desert considers the type and quality of food available to the population, in addition to the number, nature, and size of food stores that are accessible.", "Food desert __knowledge__ Food deserts are characterized by a lack of supermarkets which decreases residents’ access to fruits, vegetables and other whole foods.", "Food desert __knowledge__ In 2010, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) reported that 18 million Americans live in a food desert, meaning that they live more than one mile from a supermarket in urban or suburban areas, and more than 10 miles from a supermarket in rural areas.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism is the practice of abstaining from the consumption of meat (red meat, poultry, seafood, and the flesh of any other animal), and may also include abstention from by-products of animal slaughter.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism may be adopted for various reasons.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Many people object to eating meat out of respect for sentient life.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Such ethical motivations have been codified under various religious beliefs, as well as animal rights advocacy.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Other motivations for vegetarianism are health-related, political, environmental, cultural, aesthetic, economic, or personal preference.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ There are variations of the diet as well: an ovo-lacto vegetarian diet includes both eggs and dairy products, an ovo-vegetarian diet includes eggs but not dairy products, and a lacto-vegetarian diet includes dairy products but not eggs.", "Fruits &amp; Veggies – More Matters __knowledge__ Fruits & Veggies – More Matters is a national public health initiative from Produce for Better Health Foundation and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to increase the consumption of fruits and vegetables.", "Fruits &amp; Veggies – More Matters __knowledge__ This campaign, begun in 2007, took the place of the 5 A Day program.", "Fruits &amp; Veggies – More Matters __knowledge__ The shift was implemented in order to better communicate updated dietary guidelines, which recommended more than 5 servings of fruits and vegetables for some Americans.", "Fruits &amp; Veggies – More Matters __knowledge__ The United States Department of Agriculture’s \"2005 Dietary Guidelines for Americans\", released in January 2005, recommends various numbers of servings of fruits and vegetables depending on an individual’s calorie needs – ranging from 4 to 13 servings, or 2 to 6.5 cups, per day, yet research indicates that over 90 percent of Americans do not meet their recommended amount.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ Nutrition is the science that interprets the interaction of nutrients and other substances in food in relation to maintenance, growth, reproduction, health and disease of an organism.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ It includes food intake, absorption, assimilation, biosynthesis, catabolism, and excretion.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ The diet of an organism is what it eats, which is largely determined by the availability and palatability of foods.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ For humans, a healthy diet includes preparation of food and storage methods that preserve nutrients from oxidation, heat or leaching, and that reduce risk of foodborne illness.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ In humans, an unhealthy diet can cause deficiency-related diseases such as blindness, anemia, scurvy, preterm birth, stillbirth and cretinism, or nutrient excess health-threatening conditions such as obesity and metabolic syndrome; and such common chronic systemic diseases as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and osteoporosis.", "Meat Loaf __knowledge__ Michael Lee Aday (born Marvin Lee Aday; September 27, 1947), better known by his stage name Meat Loaf, is an American musician, singer, songwriter, record producer, and actor.", "Meat Loaf __knowledge__ His \"Bat Out of Hell\" trilogy of albums (consisting of \"Bat Out of Hell\", \"\", and \"\") has sold more than 50 million copies worldwide.", "Meat Loaf __knowledge__ Almost 40 years after its release, \"Bat Out of Hell\" still sells an estimated 200,000 copies annually and stayed on the charts for over nine years, making it one of the best selling albums in history.", "Meat Loaf __knowledge__ After the commercial success of \"Bat Out of Hell\" and \"Bat Out of Hell II: Back Into Hell\" and earning a Grammy Award for Best Solo Rock Vocal Performance for the song \"I'd Do Anything for Love\", Meat Loaf experienced some initial difficulty establishing a steady career within the United States.", "Veganism __knowledge__ Veganism is both the practice of abstaining from the use of animal products, particularly in diet, and an associated philosophy that rejects the commodity status of animals.", "Veganism __knowledge__ A follower of either the diet or the philosophy is known as a vegan ( ).", "Veganism __knowledge__ Distinctions are sometimes made between several categories of veganism.", "Veganism __knowledge__ \"Dietary vegans\" (or strict vegetarians) refrain from consuming animal products, not only meat but also eggs, dairy products and other animal-derived substances.", "Veganism __knowledge__ The term \"ethical vegan\" is often applied to those who not only follow a vegan diet but extend the philosophy into other areas of their lives, and oppose the use of animals for any purpose.", "Vegetarianism by country __knowledge__ This article deals with vegetarianism and veganism by country, comparing the prevalence of vegetarianism and veganism in each country when sources are available by the number of vegetarians and vegans, and listing food standards, laws and general cultural attitudes.", "Vegetarianism by country __knowledge__ Some countries have strong cultural or religious traditions that promote vegetarianism, such as in India, while in other countries secular ethical concerns dominate, including animal rights and environmental protection, along with health concerns.", "Vegetarianism by country __knowledge__ In many countries, food labeling laws make it easier for vegetarians to identify foods compatible with their diets.", "Vegetarian/vegan dog diet __knowledge__ Like the human practice of veganism, vegan dog foods are those formulated with the exclusion of ingredients that contain or were processed with any part of an animal, or any animal byproduct.", "Vegetarian/vegan dog diet __knowledge__ Vegan dog food may incorporate the use of fruits, vegetables, cereals, legumes, nuts, vegetable oils, soya, as well as any other non-animal based foods.", "Vegetarian/vegan dog diet __knowledge__ The omnivorous domestic canine has evolved to metabolize carbohydrates and thrive on a diet lower in protein, and therefore, a vegan diet may be substantial if properly formulated and balanced.", "Vegetarian/vegan dog diet __knowledge__ Vegetarianism may be defined as the practice of consuming foods that are primarily derived from plants, with or without dairy products, eggs, and/or honey.", "Pachanga Diliman F.C. __knowledge__ Pachanga Diliman Football Club is a Filipino association football club based in Diliman, Quezon City that played in the United Football League, the highest level of Philippine club football.", "Pachanga Diliman F.C. __knowledge__ It was founded in 1998 as Pachanga Football Club by then owner Alfredo Razon Gonzalez.", "Pachanga Diliman F.C. __knowledge__ In 2012, Pachanga was sold to the owners of Diliman Football Club, who then merged the two clubs.", "Pachanga Diliman F.C. __knowledge__ The team is managed by John Gutierrez and is headed by coach Yuki Matsuda.", "Pachanga Diliman F.C. __knowledge__ Founded in 1998, Pachanga is known for its participation in the 2011 PFF National Men's Club Championship where the club reached the semi-finals round of the competition." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 2, 7, 1 ]

[ "I like meatloaf, baked or smoked", "Why don't you eat meat loaf?", "Really, are you a vegetarian? Meat loaf is good for all", "I think some times it's good to be a vegetarian for health purpose, though for now I love meatloaf ", "That sounds good. Meatloaf is ground meat with good flavors of smoke wood or " ]

[ "Meatloaf", "Meatloaf", "Meatloaf", "Meatloaf", "Meatloaf" ]

[ "Rose", "I love roses! I don't know much about the different types and how they're grown though! ", "Oh wow, yes it is!! Do roses come in many different colors?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Rose __knowledge__ A rose is a woody perennial flowering plant of the genus Rosa, in the family Rosaceae, or the flower it bears.", "Rose __knowledge__ There are over a hundred species and thousands of cultivars.", "Rose __knowledge__ They form a group of plants that can be erect shrubs, climbing or trailing with stems that are often armed with sharp prickles.", "Rose __knowledge__ Flowers vary in size and shape and are usually large and showy, in colours ranging from white through yellows and reds.", "Rose __knowledge__ Most species are native to Asia, with smaller numbers native to Europe, North America, and northwestern Africa.", "Rose __knowledge__ Species, cultivars and hybrids are all widely grown for their beauty and often are fragrant.", "Rose __knowledge__ Roses have acquired cultural significance in many societies.", "Rose __knowledge__ Rose plants range in size from compact, miniature roses, to climbers that can reach seven meters in height.", "Rose __knowledge__ Different species hybridize easily, and this has been used in the development of the wide range of garden roses.", "Rose __knowledge__ The name \"rose\" comes from French, itself from Latin \"rosa\", which was perhaps borrowed from Oscan, from Greek ρόδον \"rhódon\" (Aeolic βρόδον \"wródon\"), itself borrowed from Old Persian \"wrd-\" (\"wurdi\"), related to Avestan \"varəδa\", Sogdian \"ward\", Parthian \"wâr\".", "Rose __knowledge__ The leaves are borne alternately on the stem." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Rose __knowledge__ A rose is a woody perennial flowering plant of the genus Rosa, in the family Rosaceae, or the flower it bears.", "Rose __knowledge__ There are over a hundred species and thousands of cultivars.", "Rose __knowledge__ They form a group of plants that can be erect shrubs, climbing or trailing with stems that are often armed with sharp prickles.", "Rose __knowledge__ Flowers vary in size and shape and are usually large and showy, in colours ranging from white through yellows and reds.", "Rose __knowledge__ Most species are native to Asia, with smaller numbers native to Europe, North America, and northwestern Africa.", "Rose __knowledge__ Species, cultivars and hybrids are all widely grown for their beauty and often are fragrant.", "Rose __knowledge__ Roses have acquired cultural significance in many societies.", "Rose __knowledge__ Rose plants range in size from compact, miniature roses, to climbers that can reach seven meters in height.", "Rose __knowledge__ Different species hybridize easily, and this has been used in the development of the wide range of garden roses.", "Rose __knowledge__ The name \"rose\" comes from French, itself from Latin \"rosa\", which was perhaps borrowed from Oscan, from Greek ρόδον \"rhódon\" (Aeolic βρόδον \"wródon\"), itself borrowed from Old Persian \"wrd-\" (\"wurdi\"), related to Avestan \"varəδa\", Sogdian \"ward\", Parthian \"wâr\".", "Rose __knowledge__ The leaves are borne alternately on the stem.", "Garden roses __knowledge__ Garden roses are predominantly hybrid roses that are grown as ornamental plants in private or public gardens.", "Garden roses __knowledge__ They are one of the most popular and widely cultivated groups of flowering plants, especially in temperate climates.", "Garden roses __knowledge__ Numerous cultivars have been produced, especially over the last two centuries, though roses have been known in the garden for millennia beforehand.", "Garden roses __knowledge__ While most garden roses are grown for their flowers, some are also valued for other reasons, such as having ornamental fruit, providing ground cover, or for hedging.", "Garden roses __knowledge__ It is believed that roses were grown in all the early civilisations of temperate latitudes from at least 5000 years ago.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ Guns N' Roses, often abbreviated as GNR, is an American hard rock band from Los Angeles, California, formed in 1985.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ The lineup, when first signed to Geffen Records in 1986, consisted of vocalist Axl Rose, lead guitarist Slash, rhythm guitarist Izzy Stradlin, bassist Duff McKagan, and drummer Steven Adler.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ Guns N' Roses has released six studio albums, accumulating sales of more than 100 million records worldwide, including 45 million in the United States, making them the 41st best-selling artist of all time.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ Guns N' Roses' debut album, \"Appetite for Destruction\" (1987), reached number one on the \"Billboard\" 200 a year after its release, on the strength of \"Sweet Child o' Mine\", the band's only single to reach number one on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100.", "Cocaine __knowledge__ Cocaine, also known as coke, is a strong stimulant mostly used as a recreational drug.", "Cocaine __knowledge__ It is commonly snorted, inhaled as smoke, or as a solution injected into a vein.", "Cocaine __knowledge__ Mental effects may include loss of contact with reality, an intense feeling of happiness, or agitation.", "Cocaine __knowledge__ Physical symptoms may include a fast heart rate, sweating, and large pupils.", "Cocaine __knowledge__ High doses can result in very high blood pressure or body temperature.", "Cocaine __knowledge__ Effects begin within seconds to minutes of use and last between five and ninety minutes.", "Cocaine __knowledge__ Cocaine has a small number of accepted medical uses such as numbing and decreasing bleeding during nasal surgery.", "Linda Ronstadt __knowledge__ Linda Maria Ronstadt (born July 15, 1946) is an American popular music singer known for singing in a wide range of genres including rock, country, jazz, light opera, and Latin.", "Linda Ronstadt __knowledge__ She has earned 11 Grammy Awards, three American Music Awards, two Academy of Country Music awards, an Emmy Award, and an ALMA Award, and many of her albums have been certified gold, platinum or multiplatinum in the United States and internationally.", "Linda Ronstadt __knowledge__ She has also earned nominations for a Tony Award and a Golden Globe award.", "Linda Ronstadt __knowledge__ She was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in April 2014.", "Linda Ronstadt __knowledge__ On July 28, 2014, she was awarded the National Medal of Arts and Humanities.", "Rosalia (festival) __knowledge__ In the Roman Empire, Rosalia or Rosaria was a festival of roses celebrated on various dates, primarily in May, but scattered through mid-July.", "Rosalia (festival) __knowledge__ The observance is sometimes called a rosatio (\"rose-adornment\") or the dies rosationis, \"day of rose-adornment,\" and could be celebrated also with violets \"(violatio\", an adorning with violets, also \"dies violae\" or \"dies violationis\", \"day of the \").", "Rosalia (festival) __knowledge__ As a commemoration of the dead, the \"rosatio\" developed from the custom of placing flowers at burial sites.", "Rosalia (festival) __knowledge__ It was among the extensive private religious practices by means of which the Romans cared for their dead, reflecting the value placed on tradition \"(mos maiorum\", \"the way of the ancestors\"), family lineage, and memorials ranging from simple inscriptions to grand public works.", "1+1 (song) __knowledge__ \"1+1\" is a song recorded by American recording artist Beyoncé for her fourth studio album, \"4\" (2011).", "1+1 (song) __knowledge__ It was released by Columbia Records in the United States on May 25, 2011, as a promotional single.", "1+1 (song) __knowledge__ Serving as the opening track on \"4\", it was written and produced by The-Dream, Tricky Stewart .", "1+1 (song) __knowledge__ \"1+1\" was originally titled \"Nothing But Love\" and by Corey-Jackson Carter & The-Dream & he had initially planned to include it on his second studio album, \"Love vs. Money\" (2009).", "1+1 (song) __knowledge__ A down-tempo contemporary R&B and soul music power ballad, \"1+1\" Beyoncé expressing her endless love to her soul mate; the lyrics make strong statements about the power of the relationship.", "Henry VI, Part 2 __knowledge__ Henry VI, Part 2 (often written as 2 Henry VI) is a history play by William Shakespeare believed to have been written in 1591 and set during the lifetime of King Henry VI of England.", "Henry VI, Part 2 __knowledge__ Whereas \"1 Henry VI\" deals primarily with the and the political machinations leading up to the Wars of the Roses, and \"3 Henry VI\" deals with the horrors of that conflict, \"2 Henry VI\" focuses on the King's inability to quell the bickering of his nobles, the death of his trusted adviser Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, the rise of the Duke of York and the inevitability of armed conflict.", "Henry VI, Part 2 __knowledge__ As such, the play culminates with the opening battle of the War, the First Battle of St Albans.", "Thathanabaing of Burma __knowledge__ The Thathanabaing of Burma (, also spelt Thathanapaing) served as the head of the Buddhist Sangha (order of monks) in pre-colonial Burma, until its abolishment in 1938 by the British authorities in colonial Burma.", "Thathanabaing of Burma __knowledge__ The Thathanapaing was responsible for managing the monastic hierarchy and education at monasteries.", "Thathanabaing of Burma __knowledge__ The Thathanabaing resided in a royal monastery near the kingdom's capital.", "Thathanabaing of Burma __knowledge__ However, appointees were usually commoners born in the villages, with no blood relationship with the royal house.", "Thathanabaing of Burma __knowledge__ Their appointments were made on the basis of their mastery of Buddhist knowledge and literature.", "Thathanabaing of Burma __knowledge__ \"Thathanabaing\", literally 'Keeper of the Sāsana', is the native Burmese rendition of Sangharaja, or formally \"Mahasangharaja\" (), which is typically rendered into English as 'Primate', 'Archbishop' or 'Supreme Patriarch.'", "Flowering plant __knowledge__ The flowering plants, also known as angiosperms, Angiospermae or Magnoliophyta, are the most diverse group of land plants, with 416 families, approximately 13,164 known genera and c. 295,383 known species.", "Flowering plant __knowledge__ Like gymnosperms, angiosperms are seed-producing plants.", "Flowering plant __knowledge__ However, they are distinguished from gymnosperms by characteristics including flowers, endosperm within the seeds, and the production of fruits that contain the seeds.", "Flowering plant __knowledge__ Etymologically, \"angiosperm\" means a plant that produces seeds within an enclosure; in other words, a fruiting plant.", "Flowering plant __knowledge__ The term comes from the Greek words \"angeion\" (\"case\" or \"casing\") and \"sperma\" (\"seed\").", "Bamboo __knowledge__ The bamboos are evergreen perennial flowering plants in the subfamily Bambusoideae of the grass family Poaceae.", "Bamboo __knowledge__ In bamboo, as in other grasses, the internodal regions of the stem are usually hollow and the vascular bundles in the cross section are scattered throughout the stem instead of in a cylindrical arrangement.", "Bamboo __knowledge__ The dicotyledonous woody xylem is also absent.", "Bamboo __knowledge__ The absence of secondary growth wood causes the stems of monocots, including the palms and large bamboos, to be columnar rather than tapering.", "Bamboo __knowledge__ Bamboos include some of the fastest-growing plants in the world, due to a unique rhizome-dependent system.", "Flower __knowledge__ A flower, sometimes known as a bloom or blossom, is the reproductive structure found in flowering plants (plants of the division Magnoliophyta, also called angiosperms).", "Flower __knowledge__ The biological function of a flower is to effect reproduction, usually by providing a mechanism for the union of sperm with eggs.", "Flower __knowledge__ Flowers may facilitate outcrossing (fusion of sperm and eggs from different individuals in a population) or allow selfing (fusion of sperm and egg from the same flower).", "Flower __knowledge__ Some flowers produce diaspores without fertilization (parthenocarpy).", "Flower __knowledge__ Flowers contain sporangia and are the site where gametophytes develop.", "Evolutionary history of plants __knowledge__ The evolution of plants has resulted in widely varying levels of complexity, from the earliest algal mats, through bryophytes, lycopods, and ferns, to the complex gymnosperms and angiosperms of today.", "Evolutionary history of plants __knowledge__ While many of the groups which appeared earlier continue to thrive, as exemplified by algal dominance in marine environments, more recently derived groups have also displaced previously ecologically dominant ones, e.g.", "Evolutionary history of plants __knowledge__ the ascendance of flowering plants over gymnosperms in terrestrial environments.", "Evolutionary history of plants __knowledge__ Evidence for the appearance of the first land plants occurs in the Ordovician, around , in the form of fossil spores." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Rose __knowledge__ A rose is a woody perennial flowering plant of the genus Rosa, in the family Rosaceae, or the flower it bears.", "Rose __knowledge__ There are over a hundred species and thousands of cultivars.", "Rose __knowledge__ They form a group of plants that can be erect shrubs, climbing or trailing with stems that are often armed with sharp prickles.", "Rose __knowledge__ Flowers vary in size and shape and are usually large and showy, in colours ranging from white through yellows and reds.", "Rose __knowledge__ Most species are native to Asia, with smaller numbers native to Europe, North America, and northwestern Africa.", "Rose __knowledge__ Species, cultivars and hybrids are all widely grown for their beauty and often are fragrant.", "Rose __knowledge__ Roses have acquired cultural significance in many societies.", "Rose __knowledge__ Rose plants range in size from compact, miniature roses, to climbers that can reach seven meters in height.", "Rose __knowledge__ Different species hybridize easily, and this has been used in the development of the wide range of garden roses.", "Rose __knowledge__ The name \"rose\" comes from French, itself from Latin \"rosa\", which was perhaps borrowed from Oscan, from Greek ρόδον \"rhódon\" (Aeolic βρόδον \"wródon\"), itself borrowed from Old Persian \"wrd-\" (\"wurdi\"), related to Avestan \"varəδa\", Sogdian \"ward\", Parthian \"wâr\".", "Rose __knowledge__ The leaves are borne alternately on the stem.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Steven Paul Jobs (; February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011) was an American entrepreneur, business magnate, inventor, and industrial designer.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was the chairman, chief executive officer (CEO), and co-founder of Apple Inc.; CEO and majority shareholder of Pixar; a member of The Walt Disney Company's board of directors following its acquisition of Pixar; and the founder, chairman, and CEO of NeXT.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Jobs and Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak are widely recognized as pioneers of the microcomputer revolution of the 1970s and 1980s.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was born in San Francisco to parents who had to put him up for adoption at birth; he was raised in the San Francisco Bay Area during the 1960s.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ \"Wow Oh Wow\" is a song by Irish hip pop duo Jedward.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It is the third single released from their second album, \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It was released as a digital download on 18 November 2011.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song is written by Oritsé Williams of boy band JLS, and songwriters Johannes Joergensen, Savan Kotecha, Daniel Klein of Deekay.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ In September 2011, \"Wow Oh Wow\" was announced as the third single from \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ Jedward debuted the song on Irish chat show \"The Late Late Show\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song was released as a digital-only single.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The music video was directed by Dale \"Rage\" Resteghini and filmed in Los Angeles, California in October 2011.", "Rosalia (festival) __knowledge__ In the Roman Empire, Rosalia or Rosaria was a festival of roses celebrated on various dates, primarily in May, but scattered through mid-July.", "Rosalia (festival) __knowledge__ The observance is sometimes called a rosatio (\"rose-adornment\") or the dies rosationis, \"day of rose-adornment,\" and could be celebrated also with violets \"(violatio\", an adorning with violets, also \"dies violae\" or \"dies violationis\", \"day of the \").", "Rosalia (festival) __knowledge__ As a commemoration of the dead, the \"rosatio\" developed from the custom of placing flowers at burial sites.", "Rosalia (festival) __knowledge__ It was among the extensive private religious practices by means of which the Romans cared for their dead, reflecting the value placed on tradition \"(mos maiorum\", \"the way of the ancestors\"), family lineage, and memorials ranging from simple inscriptions to grand public works.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ Color psychology is the study of hues as a determinant of human behavior.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ Color influences perceptions that are not obvious, such as the taste of food.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ Colours can also enhance the effectiveness of placebos.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ For example, red or orange pills are generally used as stimulants.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ Colour can indeed influence a person; however, it is important to remember that these effects differ between people.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ Factors such as gender, age, and culture can influence how an individual perceives color.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ For instance, heterosexual men tend to report that red outfits enhance female attractiveness, while heterosexual females deny any outfit color impacting that of men.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Those Darlins was a rock and roll band from Nashville, Tennessee active between 2006 and 2016.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The group has released three albums, their alt-country-leaning self-titled debut \"Those Darlins\" in 2009, the garage rock influenced \"Screws Get Loose\" in 2011, and the more classic rock and roll \"Blur the Line\" in 2013.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The band also owns and operates its own record label, Oh Wow Dang Records.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The band entered into a hiatus in 2016.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Lead singer Jessi Zazu died from cancer on September 12, 2017.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Jessi Zazu, Nikki Kvarnes, and Kelley Anderson formed Those Darlins after meeting at the Southern Girls Rock & Roll Camp in Murfreesboro, Tennessee.", "The Ecstatic __knowledge__ The Ecstatic is the 2009 fourth studio album by American rapper Mos Def.", "The Ecstatic __knowledge__ After venturing further away from hip hop with an acting career and two poorly received albums, Mos Def signed with Downtown Records and recorded \"The Ecstatic\" primarily at the Record Plant in Los Angeles.", "The Ecstatic __knowledge__ He worked with producers such as Preservation, Mr.", "The Ecstatic __knowledge__ Flash, Oh No, and Madlib, the latter two of whom reused instrumentals they had produced on Stones Throw Records.", "The Ecstatic __knowledge__ Singer Georgia Anne Muldrow, formerly of the record label, was one of the album's few guest vocalists, along with rappers Slick Rick and Talib Kweli.", "The Ecstatic __knowledge__ For its front cover, a still from Charles Burnett's 1978 film \"Killer of Sheep\" was reproduced in red tint.", "Ben Huh __knowledge__ Ben Huh is a South-Korean-American internet entrepreneur and the CEO of The Cheezburger Network, which at its peak in 2010 received 375 million views a month across its 50 sites.", "Ben Huh __knowledge__ Huh was born in Seoul, South Korea and grew up in Rancho Cordova, California, attending Cordova High School there.", "Ben Huh __knowledge__ In 1999, Huh graduated from Northwestern University with a degree in journalism, although English was not his first language.", "Ben Huh __knowledge__ With regards to this, he said “I got a degree in a language I didn’t speak because I felt something in the power of media that attracted me.” The Web's influence on journalism was growing, and Huh decided to go into a career in the Internet.", "John Huh __knowledge__ John Huh (Korean: 허찬수, born May 21, 1990) is an American professional golfer who plays on the PGA Tour.", "John Huh __knowledge__ Huh was born in New York City to Korean parents.", "John Huh __knowledge__ He moved to South Korea shortly after his birth and he lived there for 12 years, then moved to Chicago, Illinois for three years, and then to Los Angeles, California.", "John Huh __knowledge__ He attended California State University, Northridge for two weeks before turning professional in 2008.", "John Huh __knowledge__ Huh left college due to the lack of core courses, preventing him from receiving a scholarship and being approved for NCAA competition.", "John Huh __knowledge__ Huh played on the Korean Tour for three years.", "Huh Young-man __knowledge__ Huh Young-man (born June 26, 1947) is a South Korean manhwa artist.", "Huh Young-man __knowledge__ Huh Young-man was born Heo Hyeong-man in present-day Yeosu, a far southern coastal city of South Jeolla Province, South Korea in 1947.", "Huh Young-man __knowledge__ He was the third child of eight children born to father Heo Jong (허종) and mother Park Ok-jeong (박옥정).", "Huh Young-man __knowledge__ Before and after the liberation of Korea from Japan in 1945, Huh's father had worked as a local policeman.", "Huh Young-man __knowledge__ When the Yeosu Rebellion occurred in 1948, Huh's family was in danger of being killed by the rebels.", "Huh Young-man __knowledge__ In contrast to Huh's father, his uncle was a communist, so that Huh's family was ironically protected by both sides.", "Uh Huh Her (album) __knowledge__ Uh Huh Her is the sixth studio album by English alternative rock musician PJ Harvey.", "Uh Huh Her (album) __knowledge__ The album was written, recorded and produced over a two-year period by the singer-songwriter herself.", "Uh Huh Her (album) __knowledge__ She also played every instrument in the album – a first from Harvey since \"4-Track Demos\" in 1993 – with the exception of the final drum tracks, added by long-time collaborator Rob Ellis.", "Uh Huh Her (album) __knowledge__ It was released on 31 May 2004 in the United Kingdom and on 8 June 2004 in the United States.", "Uh Huh Her (album) __knowledge__ To support the release, Harvey toured for seven months.", "Uh Huh Her (album) __knowledge__ She performed in various European summer festivals such as Glastonbury and opened for Morrissey in a few dates.", "Huh Gak __knowledge__ Huh Gak (born 15 November 1984) is a South Korean singer and the winner of the Mnet talent competition series 'Superstar K' 2 under Plan A Entertainment.", "Huh Gak __knowledge__ He is known as 'The man who turned the tables' and 'The South Korean Paul Potts'.", "Huh Gak __knowledge__ He has an identical twin named Huh Gong, who didn't apply to 'Superstar K' 2 because he was concerned that the judges had prejudice.", "Huh Gak __knowledge__ Now he is also a singer.", "Huh Gak __knowledge__ Huh Gak was born on 15 November 1984.", "Huh Gak __knowledge__ He is from Incheon, South Korea and lives with his father and his twin brother, Huh Gong.", "Huh Gak __knowledge__ He graduated from Hwanbuk Elementary School and Incheon Boys School.", "Huh Gak __knowledge__ As a young child, Huh Gak went through a family divorce and faced financial difficulties.", "Huh E-jae __knowledge__ Huh E-jae (born 19 February 1987) is a South Korean actress.", "Huh E-jae __knowledge__ She is best known for her leading roles in the television dramas \"Prince Hours\" and \"Single Dad in Love\".", "Huh E-jae __knowledge__ Huh E-jae began her entertainment career by modeling for magazines when she was a high school student.", "Huh E-jae __knowledge__ After making her acting debut in 2004, she was given the nickname \"Little Kim Tae-hee\" due to her resemblance to the popular actress.", "Huh E-jae __knowledge__ Huh first appeared in several sitcoms on KBS followed by supporting roles, notably as Kim Rae-won's love interest in the 2006 gangster film \"Sunflower\".", "Huh E-jae __knowledge__ In 2007, Huh got her big break when she was cast in the female leading role in \"Prince Hours\" (also known as \"Goong S\").", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha Lee is a fictional character in the BBC soap opera \"Doctors\", played by Laura Rollins.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha was introduced as a Practice Nurse at The Mill by Peter Eryl Lloyd.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ She made her first appearance on Tuesday 30 September 2014.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Since her arrival in the show Ayesha has faced storylines including an on off relationship with Sid Vere, having a troubled relationship with Tyler Green, dealing with her mother Bren's alcohol and later drug addiction, being attacked by Ike and supporting Valerie Pittman through her Cancer scare.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha first arrives at \"The Mill\" as a replacement for Mandy Marquez, she is almost immediately attracted to new doctor Sid Vere." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3 ]

[ "Do yu liek roses? A rose is a woody perennial flowering plant ", " There are over a hundred species to date. thats a lot huh?", "they do like yellow and pink! They form a group of plants that can be erect shrubs, climbing or trailing with stems" ]

[ "Rose", "Rose", "Rose" ]

[ "Rock opera", "Actually yes I am. And also Metal symphony", "I wonder what the most popular is?", "I'd say. My favorite is The Wall by Pink Floyd" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Rock opera __knowledge__ A rock opera is a collection of rock music songs with lyrics that relate to a common story.", "Rock opera __knowledge__ Rock operas are typically released as concept albums and are not scripted for acting, which distinguishes them from operas, although several have been adapted as rock musicals.", "Rock opera __knowledge__ The use of various character roles within the song lyrics is a common storytelling device.", "Rock opera __knowledge__ The success of the rock opera genre has inspired similar works in other musical styles, such as rap opera.", "Rock opera __knowledge__ In an early use of the term, the July 4, 1966, edition of \"RPM Magazine\" (published in Toronto) reported that \"Bruce Cockburn and Mr [William] Hawkins are working on a Rock Opera, operating on the premise that to write you need only 'something to say'.\"", "Rock opera __knowledge__ Colin Fleming of \"The Atlantic\" has identified \"The Story of Simon Simopath\" (1967) by British psychedelic band Nirvana as the first recorded rock opera.", "Rock opera __knowledge__ Later in 1967, Montreal's Influence recorded a long suite titled \"Mad Birds of Prey (A Mini-Opera)\", which closed out their sole album, which was released in January 1968.", "Rock opera __knowledge__ Perhaps unaware of these earlier efforts, Neil Strauss of \"The New York Times\" wrote that \"S.F.", "Rock opera __knowledge__ Sorrow\" (1968) by The Pretty Things is \"generally acknowledged as the first rock opera\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Rock opera __knowledge__ A rock opera is a collection of rock music songs with lyrics that relate to a common story.", "Rock opera __knowledge__ Rock operas are typically released as concept albums and are not scripted for acting, which distinguishes them from operas, although several have been adapted as rock musicals.", "Rock opera __knowledge__ The use of various character roles within the song lyrics is a common storytelling device.", "Rock opera __knowledge__ The success of the rock opera genre has inspired similar works in other musical styles, such as rap opera.", "Rock opera __knowledge__ In an early use of the term, the July 4, 1966, edition of \"RPM Magazine\" (published in Toronto) reported that \"Bruce Cockburn and Mr [William] Hawkins are working on a Rock Opera, operating on the premise that to write you need only 'something to say'.\"", "Rock opera __knowledge__ Colin Fleming of \"The Atlantic\" has identified \"The Story of Simon Simopath\" (1967) by British psychedelic band Nirvana as the first recorded rock opera.", "Rock opera __knowledge__ Later in 1967, Montreal's Influence recorded a long suite titled \"Mad Birds of Prey (A Mini-Opera)\", which closed out their sole album, which was released in January 1968.", "Rock opera __knowledge__ Perhaps unaware of these earlier efforts, Neil Strauss of \"The New York Times\" wrote that \"S.F.", "Rock opera __knowledge__ Sorrow\" (1968) by The Pretty Things is \"generally acknowledged as the first rock opera\".", "Speed Metal Symphony __knowledge__ Speed Metal Symphony is the first studio album by the American heavy metal band Cacophony, released in 1987 through Shrapnel Records.", "Speed Metal Symphony __knowledge__ In a contemporary review, Frank Trojan of \"Rock Hard\" magazine found \"Speed Metal Symphony\" \"much harder and faster\" than the works of Tony MacAlpine, Vinnie Moore or Yngwie Malmsteen, \"which means that some tracks are speed kills with super solos\".", "Speed Metal Symphony __knowledge__ He added that, although \"the pure instrumentals are, unfortunately, again the usual mixtures of classic elements and endless revival on well-known riffs and standards, Cacophony could appeal to a bigger circle by their rough, and sometimes also partly speedy way of playing, than just pure guitar freaks.\"", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ (Death Metal Symphony in Deep C) is the sixth studio album by Waltari that combines death metal with classical music.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Originally, \"Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!\"", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ was written as a stage show.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ After the show's premiere performance in 1995 at the Helsinki Music Festival, it was recorded and finally released in May 1996.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ \"Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!\"", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ was written by Kärtsy Hatakka between 1992 and 1995.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ By the end of 1994, Hatakka got in contact with Riku Niemi, a Finnish conductor, composer and leader of Avanti!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ symphony orchestra.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ After Niemi became involved in the project, Hatakka finalized the work and Niemi arranged it for symphony orchestra.", "Jason Becker __knowledge__ Jason Eli Becker (born July 22, 1969) is an American heavy metal guitarist and composer.", "Jason Becker __knowledge__ At the age of 16, he became part of the Shrapnel Records-produced duo Cacophony with his friend Marty Friedman.", "Jason Becker __knowledge__ They released the albums \"Speed Metal Symphony\" in 1987 and \"Go Off!\"", "Jason Becker __knowledge__ in 1988.", "Jason Becker __knowledge__ Cacophony broke up in 1989 and Becker began doing solo work, having released his first album \"Perpetual Burn\" in 1988, also through Shrapnel.", "Jason Becker __knowledge__ He later joined David Lee Roth's band and recorded one album with him, \"A Little Ain't Enough\".", "Jason Becker __knowledge__ Becker's performing career was cut short by amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).", "Jason Becker __knowledge__ In 1996, Becker lost the ability to speak, and he now communicates with his eyes via a system developed by his father.", "WarCry (band) __knowledge__ WarCry is a Spanish power metal band led by founder, singer, and songwriter Víctor García.", "WarCry (band) __knowledge__ Formed in 2001 when García and drummer Alberto Ardines were ejected from Avalanch, the band has since released seven studio albums and two live albums, with an eighth studio album currently in progress.", "WarCry (band) __knowledge__ WarCry has had a fluctuating lineup with García as the sole constant member.", "WarCry (band) __knowledge__ The band has been acclaimed as one of Spain's most famous heavy metal acts and has won numerous awards in both Spain and Latin America.", "WarCry (band) __knowledge__ In the middle of 2001, while working in Spanish power metal band Avalanch, vocalist Víctor García and drummer Alberto Ardines decided to record an album with the songs they had been composing in their spare time.", "Go Off! __knowledge__ Go Off!", "Go Off! __knowledge__ is the second and final studio album by the American heavy metal band Cacophony, released in 1988 through Shrapnel Records.", "Go Off! __knowledge__ About two years after the album's release, guitarist Jason Becker was diagnosed with ALS, rendering him paralyzed and completely unable to play to this day.", "Go Off! __knowledge__ Also two years later, guitarist Marty Friedman would join the band Megadeth.", "Go Off! __knowledge__ In a contemporary review, Wolfgang Schäfer of \"Rock Hard\" was not overly impressed by the album but remarked how Friedman and Becker refrained \"from superfluous solo escapades\", making the music more accessible and fuelling the suspicion that Mike Varney wanted \"to repeat the success of the dissolved Racer X with this band.\"", "Cacophony (band) __knowledge__ Cacophony was an American heavy metal band formed in 1986 by guitarists Marty Friedman and Jason Becker, and signed to Shrapnel Records.", "Cacophony (band) __knowledge__ They remained active until 1989, after which both guitarists forged their own solo careers and joined other bands.", "Cacophony (band) __knowledge__ The two albums released by Cacophony—\"Speed Metal Symphony\" (1987) and \"Go Off!\"", "Cacophony (band) __knowledge__ (1988)—were showpieces of the kind of highly technical playing typical of the 1980s shred era, with songs featuring fast tempos, melodic solos, exotic neoclassical scales and dual guitar harmonizations.", "Cacophony (band) __knowledge__ Several of the tracks were entirely instrumental, which prominently demonstrated Friedman and Becker's renowned technical skills.", "Michael Kiske __knowledge__ Michael Kiske (born January 24, 1968) is a German singer best known as the lead vocalist for the German power metal band Helloween.", "Michael Kiske __knowledge__ After his departure from the band, Kiske recorded four solo albums, participated on various metal and rock related projects, such as Avantasia, Place Vendome and Kiske/Somerville, while he also performed with numerous bands as a guest vocalist.", "Michael Kiske __knowledge__ In late 2009, he formed the hard rock / heavy metal band Unisonic and began touring again after 17 years of absence.", "Michael Kiske __knowledge__ On October 2017 Kiske joined Helloween and Kai Hansen for the \"Pumpkins United World Tour\" that will continue throughout 2018.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound organized in time.", "Music __knowledge__ The common elements of music are pitch (which governs melody and harmony), rhythm (and its associated concepts tempo, meter, and articulation), dynamics (loudness and softness), and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture (which are sometimes termed the \"color\" of a musical sound).", "Music __knowledge__ Different styles or types of music may emphasize, de-emphasize or omit some of these elements.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is performed with a vast range of instruments and vocal techniques ranging from singing to rapping; there are solely instrumental pieces, solely vocal pieces (such as songs without instrumental accompaniment) and pieces that combine singing and instruments.", "Pete Townshend __knowledge__ Peter Dennis Blandford Townshend (born 19 May 1945) is an English musician, singer, songwriter, and multi-instrumentalist, best known as the lead guitarist, backing vocalist, and principal songwriter for the rock band the Who.", "Pete Townshend __knowledge__ His career with the Who spans over 50 years, during which time the band grew to be considered one of the most influential bands of the 20th century.", "Pete Townshend __knowledge__ Townshend is the main songwriter for the Who, having written well over 100 songs for the band's 11 studio albums, including concept albums and the rock operas \"Tommy\" and \"Quadrophenia\", plus popular rock radio staples such as \"Who's Next\", and dozens more that appeared as non-album singles, bonus tracks on reissues, and tracks on rarities compilations such as \"Odds & Sods\" (1974).", "The Who __knowledge__ The Who are an English rock band that formed in 1964.", "The Who __knowledge__ Their classic line-up consisted of lead singer Roger Daltrey, guitarist and singer Pete Townshend, bass guitarist John Entwistle, and drummer Keith Moon.", "The Who __knowledge__ They are considered one of the most influential rock bands of the 20th century, selling over 100 million records worldwide and holding a reputation for their live shows and studio work.", "The Who __knowledge__ The Who developed from an earlier group, the Detours, and established themselves as part of the pop art and mod movements, featuring auto-destructive art by destroying guitars and drums on stage.", "The Who __knowledge__ Their first single as the Who, \"I Can't Explain\", reached the UK top ten, followed by a string of singles including \"My Generation\", \"Substitute\" and \"Happy Jack\".", "Smile (The Beach Boys album) __knowledge__ Smile (sometimes stylized as SMiLE) was a projected album by American rock band the Beach Boys intended to follow their 11th studio album, \"Pet Sounds\" (1966).", "Smile (The Beach Boys album) __knowledge__ After bandleader Brian Wilson abandoned large portions of music recorded over a ten-month period, the band substituted its release with \"Smiley Smile\" (1967), an album containing stripped-down remakes of some \"Smile\" material.", "Smile (The Beach Boys album) __knowledge__ Some of the original \"Smile\" tracks eventually found their way onto subsequent Beach Boys' studio and compilation albums.", "Smile (The Beach Boys album) __knowledge__ As more fans learned of the project's origins, details of its recordings acquired considerable mystique, and it was later acknowledged as the most legendary unreleased album in the history of popular music.", "Tommy (album) __knowledge__ Tommy is the fourth studio album by the English rock band The Who, a double album first released in May 1969.", "Tommy (album) __knowledge__ The album was mostly composed by guitarist Pete Townshend as a rock opera that tells the story about a \"deaf, dumb and blind\" boy, including his experiences with life and his relationship with his family.", "Tommy (album) __knowledge__ Townshend came up with the concept of \"Tommy\" after being introduced to the work of Meher Baba, and attempted to translate Baba's teachings into music.", "Tommy (album) __knowledge__ Recording on the album began in September 1968, but took six months to complete as material needed to be arranged and re-recorded in the studio.", "La balsa __knowledge__ \"La balsa\" (; Spanish for \"The raft\") is the debut single by the Argentine band Los Gatos, released on July 3, 1967 on Vik, a subsidiary of RCA Victor.", "La balsa __knowledge__ Formed in 1967 after the disbandment of Los Gatos Salvajes, Los Gatos were the house band of the bar La Cueva, which became a popular meeting place for rock enthusiasts and the birthplace of Argentine rock—known locally as \"rock nacional\" (Spanish for \"national rock\").", "La balsa __knowledge__ During the mid-1960s, Buenos Aires was experiencing a cultural blossoming characterized by innovations in modern art, literature and cinema, largely driven by a burgeoning youth subculture that adhered to the countercultural phenomenon of the decade." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Rock opera __knowledge__ A rock opera is a collection of rock music songs with lyrics that relate to a common story.", "Rock opera __knowledge__ Rock operas are typically released as concept albums and are not scripted for acting, which distinguishes them from operas, although several have been adapted as rock musicals.", "Rock opera __knowledge__ The use of various character roles within the song lyrics is a common storytelling device.", "Rock opera __knowledge__ The success of the rock opera genre has inspired similar works in other musical styles, such as rap opera.", "Rock opera __knowledge__ In an early use of the term, the July 4, 1966, edition of \"RPM Magazine\" (published in Toronto) reported that \"Bruce Cockburn and Mr [William] Hawkins are working on a Rock Opera, operating on the premise that to write you need only 'something to say'.\"", "Rock opera __knowledge__ Colin Fleming of \"The Atlantic\" has identified \"The Story of Simon Simopath\" (1967) by British psychedelic band Nirvana as the first recorded rock opera.", "Rock opera __knowledge__ Later in 1967, Montreal's Influence recorded a long suite titled \"Mad Birds of Prey (A Mini-Opera)\", which closed out their sole album, which was released in January 1968.", "Rock opera __knowledge__ Perhaps unaware of these earlier efforts, Neil Strauss of \"The New York Times\" wrote that \"S.F.", "Rock opera __knowledge__ Sorrow\" (1968) by The Pretty Things is \"generally acknowledged as the first rock opera\".", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ Wonder Woman is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character is a founding member of the Justice League, goddess, and Ambassador-at-Large of the Amazon people.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character first appeared in \"All Star Comics\" #8 in October 1941 and first cover-dated on \"Sensation Comics\" #1, January 1942.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ In her homeland, the island nation of Themyscira, her official title is Princess Diana of Themyscira, Daughter of Hippolyta.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ When blending into the society outside of her homeland, she adopts her civilian identity Diana Prince.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character is also referred to by such epithets as the \"Amazing Amazon\", the \"Spirit of Truth\", \"Themyscira's Champion\", the \"God-killer\", and the \"Goddess of Love and War\".", "Publication history of Wonder Woman __knowledge__ This article is about the history of the fictional DC Comics' character Wonder Woman, who was introduced in \"All Star Comics\" #8 (December 1941), then appearing in \"Sensation Comics\" #1 (January 1942), Six months later appeared in her own comic book series (Summer 1942).", "Publication history of Wonder Woman __knowledge__ Since her debut, five regular series of \"Wonder Woman\" have been published, the last launched in June 2016 as part of the DC Rebirth.", "Publication history of Wonder Woman __knowledge__ Wonder Woman was introduced in \"All Star Comics\" #8 (December 1941), during the era known to comics historians as the \"Golden Age of Comic Books\".", "Publication history of Wonder Woman __knowledge__ Following this debut, she was featured in \"Sensation Comics\" #1 (January 1942), and six months later appeared in her own comic book series (Summer 1942).", "Stevie Wonder __knowledge__ Stevland Hardaway Morris (born Stevland Hardaway Judkins; May 13, 1950), known by his stage name Stevie Wonder, is an American musician, singer, songwriter, record producer, and multi-instrumentalist.", "Stevie Wonder __knowledge__ A child prodigy, he is considered to be one of the most critically and commercially successful musical performers of the late 20th century.", "Stevie Wonder __knowledge__ Wonder signed with Motown's Tamla label at the age of 11, and he continued performing and recording for Motown into the 2010s.", "Stevie Wonder __knowledge__ He has been blind since shortly after birth.", "Stevie Wonder __knowledge__ Among Wonder's works are singles such as \"Signed, Sealed, Delivered I'm Yours\", \"Superstition\", \"Sir Duke\", \"You Are the Sunshine of My Life\" and \"I Just Called to Say I Love You\"; and albums such as \"Talking Book\", \"Innervisions\" and \"Songs in the Key of Life\".", "Wonder Stories __knowledge__ Wonder Stories was an early American science fiction magazine which was published under several titles from 1929 to 1955.", "Wonder Stories __knowledge__ It was founded by Hugo Gernsback in 1929 after he had lost control of his first science fiction magazine, \"Amazing Stories\", when his media company Experimenter Publishing went bankrupt.", "Wonder Stories __knowledge__ Within a few months of the bankruptcy, Gernsback launched three new magazines: \"Air Wonder Stories\", \"Science Wonder Stories\" and \"Science Wonder Quarterly\".", "Wonder Stories __knowledge__ \"Air Wonder Stories\" and \"Science Wonder Stories\" were merged in 1930 as \"Wonder Stories\", and the quarterly was renamed \"Wonder Stories Quarterly\".", "Wonder Woman (2017 film) __knowledge__ Wonder Woman is a 2017 American superhero film based on the DC Comics character of the same name, distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures.", "Wonder Woman (2017 film) __knowledge__ It is the fourth installment in the DC Extended Universe (DCEU).", "Wonder Woman (2017 film) __knowledge__ The film is directed by Patty Jenkins, with a screenplay by Allan Heinberg, from a story by Heinberg, Zack Snyder, and Jason Fuchs, and stars Gal Gadot as Diana Prince / Wonder Woman, alongside Chris Pine, Robin Wright, Danny Huston, David Thewlis, Connie Nielsen, and Elena Anaya.", "Wonder Woman (2017 film) __knowledge__ \"Wonder Woman\" is the second live action theatrical film featuring the titular character, following her debut in 2016's \"\".", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ The following is a list of episodes from the American animated children's television series, \"Wonder Pets!\".", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ It debuted on March 3, 2006, on the Nick Jr. block of the Nickelodeon cable television network and Noggin (now Nick Jr.) on December 27, 2006.", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ 1.", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ Save the Dolphin!/Save the Chimp!", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ (Air Date 9/18/06) The Wonder Pets travel to Hawaii to save a baby dolphin caught in a fishing net who is in danger of drowning.", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ The Wonder Pets rig their Flyboat for space travel and head for the stars to rescue a baby chimp whose spaceship is about to be hit by a meteor!", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ (Fact: Christine Ka'aloa plays the mother dolphin in this first episode.)", "Wonder Man __knowledge__ Wonder Man (Simon Williams) is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Wonder Man __knowledge__ Created by writer Stan Lee and artists Don Heck and Jack Kirby, he first appeared in \"The Avengers\" #9 (October 1964).", "Wonder Man __knowledge__ The character was initially introduced as a rival to Tony Stark and after being imbued with \"ionic\" energy, became a supervillain who fought the Avengers.", "Wonder Man __knowledge__ After a series of events, Simon Williams was reborn as a superhero joining the team he originally fought against.", "Wonder Man __knowledge__ In 2012, Wonder Man was ranked 38th in IGN's list of \"The Top 50 Avengers\".", "Wonder Man __knowledge__ Wonder Man debuted in the superhero-team title \"The Avengers\" #9 (cover-dated Oct. 1964), but appeared to die in that issue.", "Musical theatre __knowledge__ Musical theatre is a form of theatrical performance that combines songs, spoken dialogue, acting, and dance.", "Musical theatre __knowledge__ The story and emotional content of a musical – humor, pathos, love, anger – are communicated through the words, music, movement and technical aspects of the entertainment as an integrated whole.", "Musical theatre __knowledge__ Although musical theatre overlaps with other theatrical forms like opera and dance, it may be distinguished by the equal importance given to the music as compared with the dialogue, movement and other elements.", "Musical theatre __knowledge__ Since the early 20th century, musical theatre stage works have generally been called, simply, musicals.", "Smile (The Beach Boys album) __knowledge__ Smile (sometimes stylized as SMiLE) was a projected album by American rock band the Beach Boys intended to follow their 11th studio album, \"Pet Sounds\" (1966).", "Smile (The Beach Boys album) __knowledge__ After bandleader Brian Wilson abandoned large portions of music recorded over a ten-month period, the band substituted its release with \"Smiley Smile\" (1967), an album containing stripped-down remakes of some \"Smile\" material.", "Smile (The Beach Boys album) __knowledge__ Some of the original \"Smile\" tracks eventually found their way onto subsequent Beach Boys' studio and compilation albums.", "Smile (The Beach Boys album) __knowledge__ As more fans learned of the project's origins, details of its recordings acquired considerable mystique, and it was later acknowledged as the most legendary unreleased album in the history of popular music.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Pete Townshend __knowledge__ Peter Dennis Blandford Townshend (born 19 May 1945) is an English musician, singer, songwriter, and multi-instrumentalist, best known as the lead guitarist, backing vocalist, and principal songwriter for the rock band the Who.", "Pete Townshend __knowledge__ His career with the Who spans over 50 years, during which time the band grew to be considered one of the most influential bands of the 20th century.", "Pete Townshend __knowledge__ Townshend is the main songwriter for the Who, having written well over 100 songs for the band's 11 studio albums, including concept albums and the rock operas \"Tommy\" and \"Quadrophenia\", plus popular rock radio staples such as \"Who's Next\", and dozens more that appeared as non-album singles, bonus tracks on reissues, and tracks on rarities compilations such as \"Odds & Sods\" (1974).", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Hip hop or hip-hop is a subculture and art movement developed in The Bronx in New York City during the late 1970s.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ The origins of the word are often disputed.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Some believe that the word was invented by Keith Cowboy of The Furious Five.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Others believe it was a derogatory name for the people who practise the art and wear the relative clothing.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ It is also argued as to whether hip hop started in the South or West Bronx.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ While the term \"hip hop\" is often used to refer exclusively to hip hop music (also called \"rap\"), hip hop is characterized by nine elements, however only four elements are considered most necessary to understand hip-hop musically." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Rock opera __knowledge__ A rock opera is a collection of rock music songs with lyrics that relate to a common story.", "Rock opera __knowledge__ Rock operas are typically released as concept albums and are not scripted for acting, which distinguishes them from operas, although several have been adapted as rock musicals.", "Rock opera __knowledge__ The use of various character roles within the song lyrics is a common storytelling device.", "Rock opera __knowledge__ The success of the rock opera genre has inspired similar works in other musical styles, such as rap opera.", "Rock opera __knowledge__ In an early use of the term, the July 4, 1966, edition of \"RPM Magazine\" (published in Toronto) reported that \"Bruce Cockburn and Mr [William] Hawkins are working on a Rock Opera, operating on the premise that to write you need only 'something to say'.\"", "Rock opera __knowledge__ Colin Fleming of \"The Atlantic\" has identified \"The Story of Simon Simopath\" (1967) by British psychedelic band Nirvana as the first recorded rock opera.", "Rock opera __knowledge__ Later in 1967, Montreal's Influence recorded a long suite titled \"Mad Birds of Prey (A Mini-Opera)\", which closed out their sole album, which was released in January 1968.", "Rock opera __knowledge__ Perhaps unaware of these earlier efforts, Neil Strauss of \"The New York Times\" wrote that \"S.F.", "Rock opera __knowledge__ Sorrow\" (1968) by The Pretty Things is \"generally acknowledged as the first rock opera\".", "Pink Floyd __knowledge__ Pink Floyd were an English rock band formed in London in 1965.", "Pink Floyd __knowledge__ They achieved international acclaim with their progressive and psychedelic music.", "Pink Floyd __knowledge__ Distinguished by their use of philosophical lyrics, sonic experimentation, extended compositions and elaborate live shows, they are one of the most commercially successful and influential groups in popular music history.", "Pink Floyd __knowledge__ Pink Floyd were founded by students Syd Barrett on guitar and lead vocals, Nick Mason on drums, Roger Waters on bass and vocals, and Richard Wright on keyboards and vocals.", "Pink Floyd __knowledge__ They gained popularity performing in London's underground music scene during the late 1960s and under Barrett's leadership released two charting singles and a successful debut album, \"The Piper at the Gates of Dawn\" (1967).", "Roger Waters __knowledge__ George Roger Waters (born 6 September 1943) is an English singer, songwriter, bassist, and composer.", "Roger Waters __knowledge__ In 1965, he co-founded the progressive rock band Pink Floyd with drummer Nick Mason, keyboardist Richard Wright, and guitarist, singer, and songwriter Syd Barrett.", "Roger Waters __knowledge__ Waters initially served as the group's bassist, but following the departure of Barrett in 1968, he also became their lyricist, co-lead vocalist, and conceptual leader.", "Roger Waters __knowledge__ Pink Floyd achieved international success with the concept albums \"The Dark Side of the Moon\", \"Wish You Were Here\", \"Animals\", and \"The Wall\".", "Roger Waters __knowledge__ By the early 1980s, they had become one of the most critically acclaimed and commercially successful groups in the history of popular music; by 2013, they had sold more than 250 million albums worldwide.", "Pink Floyd live performances __knowledge__ Pink Floyd were pioneers in the live music experience, renowned for their lavish stage shows that combine intense visual experiences with music to create a show in which the performers themselves are almost secondary.", "Pink Floyd live performances __knowledge__ Pink Floyd's combination of music and visuals set the standard for rock musicians.", "Pink Floyd live performances __knowledge__ As well as visuals, Pink Floyd set standards in sound quality with innovative use of sound effects and panning quadrophonic speaker systems.", "Pink Floyd live performances __knowledge__ Besides the music, arguably the most important and certainly the most elaborate part to any Pink Floyd live show is the special effects.", "Pink Floyd live performances __knowledge__ Pink Floyd were among the first bands to use a dedicated travelling light show in conjunction with their performances.", "David Gilmour __knowledge__ David Jon Gilmour, (born 6 March 1946) is an English guitarist, singer and songwriter best known as a longtime member of the progressive rock band Pink Floyd.", "David Gilmour __knowledge__ He joined the group as guitarist and co-lead vocalist in 1968, effectively as a replacement for founder member Syd Barrett, who was dismissed from the band shortly afterwards.", "David Gilmour __knowledge__ Pink Floyd subsequently achieved international success with the concept albums \"The Dark Side of the Moon\", \"Wish You Were Here\", \"Animals\", and \"The Wall\".", "David Gilmour __knowledge__ By the early 1980s, they had become one of the most critically acclaimed and best-selling acts in the history of popular music; it was estimated that by 2012 the band had sold over 250 million records worldwide, including 75 million units sold in the United States.", "Syd Barrett __knowledge__ Roger Keith \"Syd\" Barrett (6 January 1946 – 7 July 2006) was an English singer, songwriter, musician, composer and painter.", "Syd Barrett __knowledge__ Best known as a founder member of the band Pink Floyd, Barrett was the lead singer, guitarist and principal songwriter in its early years and is credited with naming the band.", "Syd Barrett __knowledge__ Barrett was excluded from Pink Floyd in April 1968 after David Gilmour took over as their new guitarist and was briefly hospitalised amid speculation of mental illness.", "Syd Barrett __knowledge__ Barrett was musically active for less than ten years.", "Syd Barrett __knowledge__ With Pink Floyd, he recorded four singles, their debut album (and contributed to the second one) and several unreleased songs.", "A Momentary Lapse of Reason __knowledge__ A Momentary Lapse of Reason is the 13th studio album by English progressive rock band Pink Floyd, released in the UK and US on 7 September 1987, on the labels EMI and Columbia.", "A Momentary Lapse of Reason __knowledge__ It followed guitarist David Gilmour's decision to include material recorded for his third solo album on a new Pink Floyd album with drummer Nick Mason and keyboardist Richard Wright.", "A Momentary Lapse of Reason __knowledge__ Although for legal reasons Wright could not be re-admitted to the band, Wright and Mason helped Gilmour craft what became the first Pink Floyd album since the December 1985 departure of bass guitarist, singer, and primary songwriter Roger Waters.", "The Endless River __knowledge__ The Endless River is the 15th and final studio album by the English rock band Pink Floyd.", "The Endless River __knowledge__ It was released on 7 November 2014 in Friday-release countries and on 10 November elsewhere by Parlophone Records in the United Kingdom and by Columbia Records in the United States.", "The Endless River __knowledge__ It was the third Pink Floyd album led by guitarist and singer David Gilmour following Roger Waters' departure in 1985 and the first following the death of keyboardist Rick Wright in 2008, who appears posthumously.", "The Endless River __knowledge__ \"The Endless River\" consists almost entirely of instrumental and ambient music based on material Pink Floyd wrote, recorded and produced with Wright during sessions for their previous album \"The Division Bell\" (1994).", "The Story of Simon Simopath __knowledge__ The Story Of Simon Simopath is the debut album by British psychedelic band Nirvana, released by Island Records in 1967.", "The Story of Simon Simopath __knowledge__ The lyrics trace the story from life to death of the titular hero via a series of short songs.", "The Story of Simon Simopath __knowledge__ The story deals with a boy named Simon Simopath who dreams of having wings.", "The Story of Simon Simopath __knowledge__ He is unpopular at school, and after reaching adulthood (in 1999) goes to work in an office in front of a computer.", "The Story of Simon Simopath __knowledge__ He suffers a nervous breakdown and is unable to find help in a mental institution, but gets aboard a rocket and meets a centaur who will be his friend and a tiny goddess named Magdalena, who works at Pentecost Hotel.", "Nirvana (British band) __knowledge__ Nirvana is an English pop rock band, formed in London, England in 1965.", "Nirvana (British band) __knowledge__ Though the band achieved only limited commercial success, they were acclaimed both by music industry professionals and by critics.", "Nirvana (British band) __knowledge__ In 1985, the band reformed.", "Nirvana (British band) __knowledge__ The members of the original Nirvana took Kurt Cobain to court over the name, eventually reaching a settlement.", "Nirvana (British band) __knowledge__ Nirvana was created as the performing arm of the London-based songwriting partnership of Irish musician Patrick Campbell-Lyons and Greek composer Alex Spyropoulos.", "Nirvana (British band) __knowledge__ On their recordings Campbell-Lyons and Spyropoulos supplied all the vocals.", "Nirvana (British band) __knowledge__ The instrumental work was primarily undertaken by top session musicians and orchestral musicians - with Campbell-Lyons providing a little guitar and Spyropoulos contributing some keyboards.", "Ross Hutchins __knowledge__ Ross Dan Hutchins (born 22 February 1985) is a British retired professional tennis player, known best as a doubles player, who achieved a highest doubles ranking of 26.", "Ross Hutchins __knowledge__ He competed for England at the 2010 Commonwealth Games in Delhi where he won silver partnering Ken Skupski in the Men's Doubles event.", "Ross Hutchins __knowledge__ Having turned professional in 2002, he enjoyed success on the Challenger circuit and broke through to the ATP Tour in late 2007.", "Ross Hutchins __knowledge__ He reached thirteen ATP Tour doubles finals in his career winning five of them, Beijing, Montpellier, St Petersburg, Delray Beach, and Eastbourne.", "Ross Hutchins __knowledge__ In 2011 he had his best doubles Grand slam season reaching the quarter-finals of Wimbledon and then two months later equalling it at the US Open.", "Pete Townshend __knowledge__ Peter Dennis Blandford Townshend (born 19 May 1945) is an English musician, singer, songwriter, and multi-instrumentalist, best known as the lead guitarist, backing vocalist, and principal songwriter for the rock band the Who.", "Pete Townshend __knowledge__ His career with the Who spans over 50 years, during which time the band grew to be considered one of the most influential bands of the 20th century.", "Pete Townshend __knowledge__ Townshend is the main songwriter for the Who, having written well over 100 songs for the band's 11 studio albums, including concept albums and the rock operas \"Tommy\" and \"Quadrophenia\", plus popular rock radio staples such as \"Who's Next\", and dozens more that appeared as non-album singles, bonus tracks on reissues, and tracks on rarities compilations such as \"Odds & Sods\" (1974).", "Colin Fleming __knowledge__ Colin Fleming (born 13 August 1984) is a British retired professional tennis player who specialised in doubles.", "Colin Fleming __knowledge__ He made his debut in the Great Britain Davis Cup team in 2009, losing against Ukraine, but then won eight successive matches to help Great Britain into the World Group.", "Colin Fleming __knowledge__ He also won his doubles match in the World Group quarter final against Italy.", "Colin Fleming __knowledge__ At the 2010 Commonwealth Games, he won the mixed doubles gold medal with Jocelyn Rae for Scotland.", "Colin Fleming __knowledge__ He has reached nineteen ATP Tour doubles finals in his career, winning eight of them: two in 2009, 2012 and 2013 and one in 2011 and 2015.", "Colin Fleming __knowledge__ In 2011, he had his best doubles Grand Slam results, reaching the quarterfinals of Wimbledon, and then two months later equalling it at the US Open.", "&quot;Weird Al&quot; Yankovic __knowledge__ Alfred Matthew \"Weird Al\" Yankovic ( ; born October 23, 1959) is an American singer, songwriter, parodist, record producer, satirist, actor, voice actor, music video director, film producer, and author.", "&quot;Weird Al&quot; Yankovic __knowledge__ He is known for his humorous songs that make light of popular culture and often parody specific songs by contemporary musical acts, original songs that are style pastiches of the work of other acts, and polka medleys of several popular songs, featuring his favored instrument, the accordion.", "&quot;Weird Al&quot; Yankovic __knowledge__ Since his first-aired comedy song in 1976, he has sold more than 12 million albums (), recorded more than 150 parody and original songs, and has performed more than 1,000 live shows." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 6, 7 ]

[ "Are you a fan of rock opera at all? I love it! If you don't know what it is, it's basically rock music songs with lyrics that relate to a common story.", "One thing I really like about rock opera is how they use various character roles within the song lyrics. It's a pretty common storytelling device used in the genre.", "I do know that Colin Fleming from \"The Atlantic\" identified \"The Story of Simon Simopath\" by the British psychedelic band called Nirvana as being one of the first recorded rock opera. They were pretty big!", "I'm a big fan of \"Mad Birds of Prey (A Mini-Opera) which is a long suite recorded by Montreal's Influence in 1967. IT closed out their sole album, which was released in January 1968." ]

[ "Rock opera", "Rock opera", "Rock opera", "Rock opera" ]

[ "Indie rock\nI've always thought of Indie music as music for people who know more about music than I do.", "Is that so? I always imagined it as a bunch of bearded hipsters playing music on washboards.", "I once dated a girl who was a real free spirit. She listened to all kinds of Indie rock. Unfortunately, she was too much of a free spirit for me because she refused to hold down a job.", "I don't think so. Her favorite band was Modest Mouse." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Indie rock __knowledge__ Indie rock is a genre of alternative rock that originated in the United States and the United Kingdom in the 1980s.", "Indie rock __knowledge__ Originally used to describe independent record labels, the term became associated with the music they produced and was initially used interchangeably with \"alternative rock\".", "Indie rock __knowledge__ As grunge and punk revival bands in the US, and then Britpop bands in the UK, broke into the mainstream in the 1990s, it came to be used to identify those acts that retained an outsider and underground perspective.", "Indie rock __knowledge__ In the 2000s, as a result of changes in the music industry and the growing importance of the Internet, some indie rock acts began to enjoy commercial success, leading to questions about its meaningfulness as a term.", "Indie rock __knowledge__ Sometimes used interchangeably with \"guitar pop rock\", in the mid-1980s, the term \"indie\" (or \"indie pop\") began to be used to describe the music produced on punk and post-punk labels.", "Indie rock __knowledge__ Some prominent indie rock record labels were founded during the 1980s.", "Indie rock __knowledge__ During the 1990s, Grunge bands broke into the mainstream, and the term \"alternative\" lost its original counter-cultural meaning.", "Indie rock __knowledge__ The term \"indie rock\" became associated with the bands and genres that remained dedicated to their independent status.", "Indie music scene __knowledge__ An independent music scene is a localized independent music-oriented (or, more specifically, indie rock/indie pop-oriented) community of bands and their audiences.", "Indie music scene __knowledge__ Local scenes can play a key role in musical history and lead to the development of influential genres; for example, No Wave from New York City, Madchester from Manchester, and Grunge from Seattle.", "Indie music scene __knowledge__ Indie scenes are often created as a response to mainstream or popular music.", "Indie music scene __knowledge__ These scenes are created in opposition of mainstream culture and music and often contribute to the formation of oppositional identities among individuals involved in the scene.", "Morrissey __knowledge__ Steven Patrick Morrissey (born 22 May 1959), known mononymously as Morrissey, is an English singer, songwriter and author.", "Morrissey __knowledge__ He rose to prominence as the frontman of the Smiths, who were active from 1982 to 1987.", "Morrissey __knowledge__ Since then, Morrissey has had a solo career, making the top ten of the UK Singles Chart on ten occasions and reaching number one on the UK Albums Chart three times.", "Morrissey __knowledge__ Born in Davyhulme, Lancashire, to a working-class Irish family, Morrissey grew up in Manchester.", "Morrissey __knowledge__ As a child he developed a love of literature, kitchen sink realism and popular music.", "Morrissey __knowledge__ Involved in Manchester's punk rock scene during the late 1970s, he fronted the Nosebleeds, with little success.", "Music of Turkey __knowledge__ The music of Turkey includes mainly Turkic elements as well as partial influences ranging from Central Asian folk music, Arabic music, Greek music, Ottoman music, Persian music and Balkan music, as well as references to more modern European and American popular music.", "Music of Turkey __knowledge__ Turkey is a country on the northeastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea, and is a crossroad of cultures from across Europe, North Africa, the Middle East, the Caucasus and South and Central Asia The roots of traditional music in Turkey span across centuries to a time when the Seljuk Turks migrated to Anatolia and Persia in the 11th century and contains elements of both Turkic and pre-Turkic influences.", "Breakaway (Kelly Clarkson album) __knowledge__ Breakaway is the second studio album by American singer Kelly Clarkson, released on November 30, 2004, by RCA Records.", "Breakaway (Kelly Clarkson album) __knowledge__ The album is a follow-up to her successful debut album, \"Thankful\" (2003).", "Breakaway (Kelly Clarkson album) __knowledge__ Executive produced by Clive Davis, \"Breakaway\" sees Clarkson collaborating with various producers and songwriters for the first time, primarily Dr. Luke, Max Martin, John Shanks, Kara DioGuardi, Ben Moody, and David Hodges; the latter two are former members of American rock band Evanescence.", "Breakaway (Kelly Clarkson album) __knowledge__ Despite the established commercial success of \"Thankful\", music critics still continued to typecast Clarkson as an \"American Idol\" winner and were also critical of her attempts of establishing a commercial appeal on her own.", "Seven Ages of Rock __knowledge__ Seven Ages of Rock (also known as 7 Ages of Rock) is a BBC Two series, co-produced by BBC Worldwide and VH1 Classic in 2007 about the history of rock music.", "Seven Ages of Rock __knowledge__ It comprised six 60-minute episodes (reduced to 48 minutes for VH1 Classic), with a final episode of 90 minutes, and was broadcast on Saturdays at 21:00 (repeated on BBC One on Sundays).", "Seven Ages of Rock __knowledge__ Each episode focused on one type of rock music, each typified by one or two artists or bands.", "Seven Ages of Rock __knowledge__ The series producer was William Naylor, and the executive producer for the BBC was Michael Poole, a former editor of the 1990s BBC music, arts and culture programme \"The Late Show\".", "Quirk Out __knowledge__ Quirk Out is the debut mini album by Anglo-Irish experimental rock band Stump.", "Quirk Out __knowledge__ After building up a following with their unique sound and live performances, Stump recorded \"Quirk Out\" as their second release with producer Hugh Jones at Rockfield Studios in July 1986, following the release of the \"Mud on a Colon\" EP earlier in the year.", "Quirk Out __knowledge__ The band's aim for \"Quirk Out\" was to capture the band's energy as a live band on studio recordings.", "Quirk Out __knowledge__ The record blends genres such as avant-garde, funk rock with indie rock sensibilities.", "Quirk Out __knowledge__ The best known song from the album, \"Buffalo\", had already been released on the \"NME\" compilation \"C86\", an influential cassette compilation containing newly recorded music from different bands of the British independent music scene.", "Exile in Guyville __knowledge__ Exile in Guyville is the debut album by American indie rock singer-songwriter Liz Phair.", "Exile in Guyville __knowledge__ It was released in June 1993 to widespread critical and commercial success, still appearing today in many critics' best-of lists.", "Exile in Guyville __knowledge__ It is also considered a landmark in alternative rock music, and was ranked at 327 by Rolling Stone in its 500 Greatest Albums of All Time list.", "Exile in Guyville __knowledge__ As of July 2010, the album had sold 491,000 copies.", "Exile in Guyville __knowledge__ In the summer of 1991, Phair wrote and recorded songs on audio cassette tapes, which she circulated using the moniker Girly-Sound, in Chicago.", "Exile in Guyville __knowledge__ Initially, she sent out only two tapes, one to Tae Won Yu from the band Kicking Giant, and the other to Chris Brokaw." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Indie rock __knowledge__ Indie rock is a genre of alternative rock that originated in the United States and the United Kingdom in the 1980s.", "Indie rock __knowledge__ Originally used to describe independent record labels, the term became associated with the music they produced and was initially used interchangeably with \"alternative rock\".", "Indie rock __knowledge__ As grunge and punk revival bands in the US, and then Britpop bands in the UK, broke into the mainstream in the 1990s, it came to be used to identify those acts that retained an outsider and underground perspective.", "Indie rock __knowledge__ In the 2000s, as a result of changes in the music industry and the growing importance of the Internet, some indie rock acts began to enjoy commercial success, leading to questions about its meaningfulness as a term.", "Indie rock __knowledge__ Sometimes used interchangeably with \"guitar pop rock\", in the mid-1980s, the term \"indie\" (or \"indie pop\") began to be used to describe the music produced on punk and post-punk labels.", "Indie rock __knowledge__ Some prominent indie rock record labels were founded during the 1980s.", "Indie rock __knowledge__ During the 1990s, Grunge bands broke into the mainstream, and the term \"alternative\" lost its original counter-cultural meaning.", "Indie rock __knowledge__ The term \"indie rock\" became associated with the bands and genres that remained dedicated to their independent status.", "Hipster (contemporary subculture) __knowledge__ The hipster subculture is stereotypically composed of youth and middle aged adults who reside primarily in gentrifying neighborhoods.", "Hipster (contemporary subculture) __knowledge__ It is broadly associated with indie and alternative music and has popularised more esoteric genres such as chill-out, folk, modern rock, pop rock and post-Britpop.", "Hipster (contemporary subculture) __knowledge__ Hipsters also frequently flaunt a varied non-mainstream fashion sensibility, vintage and thrift store-bought clothing, generally pacifist progressive and green political views, veganism, organic and artisanal foods, craft alcoholic beverages, alternative lifestyles and snobbery.", "Hipster (contemporary subculture) __knowledge__ The subculture typically consists of mostly white young adults living in urban areas.", "Tribute act __knowledge__ A tribute act, tribute band or tribute group is a music group, singer, or musician who specifically plays the music of a well-known music act.", "Tribute act __knowledge__ Tribute acts include individual performers who mimic the songs and style of an artist, such as Elvis impersonators covering the works of Elvis Presley or groups like The Iron Maidens, an all-female band that pays tribute to Iron Maiden.", "Tribute act __knowledge__ Many tribute bands, in addition to playing the music of an artist or group, also try to emulate the vocal styles and overall appearance of that group, to make as close an approximation as possible.", "Tribute act __knowledge__ Others introduce a twist on the original act; for example, Only One Direction have created a theatre show in London's West End around their act.", "Willow Bunch, Saskatchewan __knowledge__ Willow Bunch is a small community located in south central Saskatchewan, Canada, southwest of the provincial capital of Regina.", "Willow Bunch, Saskatchewan __knowledge__ The population was 286 at the 2011 census.", "Willow Bunch, Saskatchewan __knowledge__ Previous names for Willow Bunch have been \"Hart-Rouge\" and \"Talle-de-Saules\".", "Willow Bunch, Saskatchewan __knowledge__ The area has seen influences from Métis and Fransaskois.", "Willow Bunch, Saskatchewan __knowledge__ About 19 kilometres north-west of Willow Bunch is one of Saskatchewan’s biggest archaeological mysteries.", "Willow Bunch, Saskatchewan __knowledge__ The St. Victors Petroglyph site is a provincial park that is host to over 300 rock carvings.", "Willow Bunch, Saskatchewan __knowledge__ The carvings are located on a sandstone cliff that is elevated at 950m.", "Willow Bunch, Saskatchewan __knowledge__ The uniqueness of the plateau is characterized by being only one of five sites in Canada where petroglyphs are on a horizontal structure of a rock.", "Washboard (laundry) __knowledge__ A washboard is a tool designed for hand washing clothing.", "Washboard (laundry) __knowledge__ With mechanized cleaning of clothing becoming more common by the end of the 20th century, the washboard has become better known for its secondary use as a musical instrument.", "Washboard (laundry) __knowledge__ The traditional washboard is usually constructed with a rectangular wooden frame in which are mounted a series of ridges or corrugations for the clothing to be rubbed upon.", "Washboard (laundry) __knowledge__ For 19th-century washboards, the ridges were often of wood; by the 20th century, ridges of metal were more common.", "Washboard (laundry) __knowledge__ A \"fluted\" metal washboard was patented in the United States by Stephen Rust in 1833.", "Hipsterhood __knowledge__ Hipsterhood is an American comedy web series, created and written by Indian-American director Shilpi Roy.", "Hipsterhood __knowledge__ The series is broadcast on the internet and premiered on August 21, 2012.", "Hipsterhood __knowledge__ So far, nineteen episodes have been made and the show can be found distributed across the web including on YouTube and Blip.", "Hipsterhood __knowledge__ Hipsterhood is about discovering what it is to be a hipster in LA, and what it is like to fall in love with fellow hipsters who are too cool for love.", "Hipsterhood __knowledge__ The shows plot revolves around two hipsters who are both living in Silver Lake, Los Angeles, who keep crossing paths but can't seem to get to the next level of actually talking.", "Messianic Myths and Ancient Peoples __knowledge__ \"Messianic Myths and Ancient Peoples\" is the fifth episode of the second season of the American comedy television series \"Community\", and the 30th episode of the series overall.", "Messianic Myths and Ancient Peoples __knowledge__ It aired in the United States on NBC on October 21, 2010.", "Messianic Myths and Ancient Peoples __knowledge__ The episode's plot surrounds a religious film created by Greendale Community College student Abed Nadir (Danny Pudi).", "Messianic Myths and Ancient Peoples __knowledge__ The episode begins with Ian Duncan incompetently pretending to teach anthropology by showing viral videos from YouTube.", "Messianic Myths and Ancient Peoples __knowledge__ The students suggest other videos to watch, until Shirley (Yvette Nicole Brown) brings the class down by asking what videos can be found by searching for \"God\".", "Special Education (Glee) __knowledge__ \"Special Education\" is the ninth episode of the second season of the American musical television series \"Glee\", and the thirty-first episode overall.", "Special Education (Glee) __knowledge__ It was written by series creator Brad Falchuk, directed by Paris Barclay, and aired on Fox in the United States on November 30, 2010.", "Special Education (Glee) __knowledge__ In \"Special Education\", the McKinley High School glee club New Directions competes in the Sectionals round of show choir competition against the Hipsters and the Dalton Academy Warblers, while dealing with internal feuding that threatens to rip the club apart.", "Special Education (Glee) __knowledge__ The episode shows the former member of New Directions, Kurt Hummel (Chris Colfer), at his new school Dalton Academy, where he joins the rival Warblers.", "Alternative rock __knowledge__ Alternative rock (also called alternative music, alt-rock or simply alternative) is a style of rock music that emerged from the independent music underground of the 1980s and became widely popular in the 1990s.", "Alternative rock __knowledge__ In this instance, the word \"alternative\" refers to the genre's distinction from mainstream rock music.", "Alternative rock __knowledge__ The term's original meaning was broader, referring to a generation of musicians unified by their collective debt to either the musical style or simply the independent, DIY ethos of punk rock, which in the late 1970s laid the groundwork for alternative music.", "Alternative rock __knowledge__ At times, \"alternative\" has been used as a catch-all description for music from underground rock artists that receives mainstream recognition, or for any music, whether rock or not, that is seen to be descended from punk rock (including some examples of punk itself, as well as new wave, and post-punk).", "Rock music __knowledge__ Rock music is a broad genre of popular music that originated as \"rock and roll\" in the United States in the early 1950s, and developed into a range of different styles in the 1960s and later, particularly in the United Kingdom and in the United States.", "Rock music __knowledge__ It has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rock and roll, a style which drew heavily on the African-American genres of blues and rhythm and blues, and from country music.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Rock music also drew strongly on a number of other genres such as electric blues and folk, and incorporated influences from jazz, classical and other musical styles.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Musically, rock has centered on the electric guitar, usually as part of a rock group with electric bass and drums and one or more singers.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk rock (or \"punk\") is a rock music genre that developed in the mid-1970s in the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Rooted in 1960s garage rock and other forms of what is now known as \"proto-punk\" music, punk rock bands rejected perceived excesses of mainstream 1970s rock.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk bands typically produced short or fast-paced songs, with hard-edged melodies and singing styles, stripped-down instrumentation, and often political, anti-establishment lyrics.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk embraces a DIY ethic; many bands self-produce recordings and distribute them through independent record labels and other informal channels.", "Independent record label __knowledge__ An independent record label (or indie label) is a record label that operates without the funding of or outside major record labels.", "Independent record label __knowledge__ Many commercial bands and musical acts begin their careers on independent labels.", "Independent record label __knowledge__ Independent labels are small companies that produce and distribute records.", "Independent record label __knowledge__ These labels are not a part of three major label corporations and have a majority of the music titles.", "Independent record label __knowledge__ They have about 66 percent of music titles according to SoundScan and the RIAA, but only 20 percent of sales.", "Independent record label __knowledge__ The boundaries between major and independent labels, and the definitions of each, differ from commentator to commentator.", "American rock __knowledge__ American rock is rock music from the United States.", "American rock __knowledge__ It has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rock and roll, rhythm and blues, and country music, and also drew on folk music, jazz, blues, and classical music.", "American rock __knowledge__ American rock music was further influenced by the British Invasion of the American pop charts from 1964 and resulted in the development of garage rock.", "American rock __knowledge__ From the late 1960s and early 1970s, American rock music was highly influential in the development of a number of fusions, including blending with folk music to create folk rock, with blues to create blues rock, with country music to create country rock, roots rock and southern rock and with jazz to create jazz rock, all of which contributed to psychedelic rock.", "Independent music __knowledge__ Independent music (often shortened to indie music or indie) is music produced independently from major commercial record labels or their subsidiaries, a process that may include an autonomous, do-it-yourself approach to recording and publishing.", "Independent music __knowledge__ The term \"indie\" is sometimes also used to describe a genre (such as indie rock and indie pop); as a genre term, \"indie\" may include music that is not independently produced, and most independent music artists do not fall into a single, defined musical style or genre, and usually create music that can be categorized into other genres.", "Independent music __knowledge__ Independent labels have a long history of promoting developments in popular music, stretching back to the post-war period in the United States, with labels such as Sun Records, King Records, and Stax." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Indie rock __knowledge__ Indie rock is a genre of alternative rock that originated in the United States and the United Kingdom in the 1980s.", "Indie rock __knowledge__ Originally used to describe independent record labels, the term became associated with the music they produced and was initially used interchangeably with \"alternative rock\".", "Indie rock __knowledge__ As grunge and punk revival bands in the US, and then Britpop bands in the UK, broke into the mainstream in the 1990s, it came to be used to identify those acts that retained an outsider and underground perspective.", "Indie rock __knowledge__ In the 2000s, as a result of changes in the music industry and the growing importance of the Internet, some indie rock acts began to enjoy commercial success, leading to questions about its meaningfulness as a term.", "Indie rock __knowledge__ Sometimes used interchangeably with \"guitar pop rock\", in the mid-1980s, the term \"indie\" (or \"indie pop\") began to be used to describe the music produced on punk and post-punk labels.", "Indie rock __knowledge__ Some prominent indie rock record labels were founded during the 1980s.", "Indie rock __knowledge__ During the 1990s, Grunge bands broke into the mainstream, and the term \"alternative\" lost its original counter-cultural meaning.", "Indie rock __knowledge__ The term \"indie rock\" became associated with the bands and genres that remained dedicated to their independent status.", "Brethren of the Free Spirit __knowledge__ The Brethren of the Free Spirit, a lay Christian movement, flourished in northern Europe in the 13th and 14th centuries.", "Brethren of the Free Spirit __knowledge__ Antinomian and individualist in their outlook, the Brethren came into conflict with the Roman Catholic Church, and Pope Clement V declared them heretical at the Council of Vienne (1311–1312).", "Brethren of the Free Spirit __knowledge__ They were consequently persecuted by the temporal and spiritual authorities of the time.", "Brethren of the Free Spirit __knowledge__ The Brethren flourished at a time of great trauma in Western Europe.", "Brethren of the Free Spirit __knowledge__ This was the time of the conflict between the Avignon Papacy and the Holy Roman Emperor, the rise of the Cathars and subsequent Crusade against them, the beginnings of the Inquisition, the fall of the Knights Templar, and strife within the Catholic Church.", "Heresy of the Free Spirit __knowledge__ The Heresy of the Free Spirit was originally the name given from the late thirteenth to fifteenth centuries to a set of heretical beliefs believed to be held by some Christians, especially in the Low Countries, Germany, France, Bohemia and northern Italy, which caused great unease among Church leaders at the time.", "Heresy of the Free Spirit __knowledge__ The set of errors condemned in the bull \"Ad nostrum\" at the Council of Vienne (1311-2) has often been used by historians to typify the core beliefs, though there was great variation during the period over how the heresy was defined, and there is great debate over how far the individuals and groups accused of holding the beliefs (including Marguerite Porete, beguines, beghards, and Meister Eckhart) actually held the views attributed to them.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The Spirit of the Age (full title \"The Spirit of the Age: Or, Contemporary Portraits\") is a collection of character sketches by the early 19th century English essayist, literary critic, and social commentator William Hazlitt, portraying 25 men, mostly British, whom he believed to represent significant trends in the thought, literature, and politics of his time.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The subjects include thinkers, social reformers, politicians, poets, essayists, and novelists, many of whom Hazlitt was personally acquainted with or had encountered.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ Originally appearing in English periodicals, mostly \"The New Monthly Magazine\" in 1824, the essays were collected with several others written for the purpose and published in book form in 1825.", "Free Spirit Airlines __knowledge__ Free Spirit Airlines is a Melbourne-based airline that was founded in 2012 and commenced operations on 30 April 2015.", "Free Spirit Airlines __knowledge__ The company is headquartered in Essendon Fields, Melbourne, Australia.", "Free Spirit Airlines __knowledge__ Free Spirit Airlines was first established in 2012 to provide economical alternatives for travelling.", "Free Spirit Airlines __knowledge__ Later in October 2014, planning for a service from Essendon to Burnie was established.", "Free Spirit Airlines __knowledge__ The airline gained its first aircraft, a Beechcraft 1900, from West Wing Aviation in March 2015 and was reported to launch later in April.", "Free Spirit Airlines __knowledge__ On 30 April 2015, the company launched with flights from Essendon Airport, however delayed operations the next day after a competing airliner attempted to lure away employees.", "Jack Flag __knowledge__ Jack Flag (Jack Harrison) is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Jack Flag __knowledge__ A minor patriotic hero, he has occasionally appeared alongside Captain America and has been a member of the Guardians of the Galaxy.", "Jack Flag __knowledge__ He first appeared in \"Captain America\" (1st series) #434 (December 1994), and was created by Mark Gruenwald and Dave Hoover.", "Jack Flag __knowledge__ Jack and his brother, Drake, were members of Captain America's computer hotline network.", "Jack Flag __knowledge__ Together, they created a citizen's patrol group in their hometown Sandhaven, Arizona.", "Jack Flag __knowledge__ Several criminals attacked Drake; the attack left him unable to use his legs.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk rock (or \"punk\") is a rock music genre that developed in the mid-1970s in the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Rooted in 1960s garage rock and other forms of what is now known as \"proto-punk\" music, punk rock bands rejected perceived excesses of mainstream 1970s rock.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk bands typically produced short or fast-paced songs, with hard-edged melodies and singing styles, stripped-down instrumentation, and often political, anti-establishment lyrics.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk embraces a DIY ethic; many bands self-produce recordings and distribute them through independent record labels and other informal channels.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Dennis Michael Miller (born November 3, 1953) is an American stand-up comedian, talk show host, political commentator, sports commentator, actor, and television and radio personality.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He rose as a cast member of \"Saturday Night Live\" in 1985, and subsequently hosted a string of his own talk shows on HBO, CNBC, and in syndication.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ From 2007 to 2015, Miller hosted a daily, three-hour, self-titled talk radio program, nationally syndicated by Westwood One.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He is known for his critical assessments of current events, laced with pop culture references and delivered in an idiosyncratic verbal style.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Miller is listed as 21st on Comedy Central's 100 greatest stand up comedians of all time, and was ranked as the best host of SNL's \"Weekend Update\" by Vulture.com.", "American popular music __knowledge__ American popular music has had a profound effect on music across the world.", "American popular music __knowledge__ The country has seen the rise of popular styles that have had a significant influence on global culture, including ragtime, blues, jazz, swing, rock, bluegrass, country, R&B, doo wop, gospel, soul, funk, heavy metal, punk, disco, house, techno, salsa, grunge and hip hop.", "American popular music __knowledge__ In addition, the American music industry is quite diverse, supporting a number of regional styles such as zydeco, klezmer and slack-key.", "American popular music __knowledge__ Distinctive styles of American popular music emerged early in the 19th century, and in the 20th century the American music industry developed a series of new forms of music, using elements of blues and other genres of American folk music.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The culture of the United Kingdom is influenced by the UK's history as a developed island country, a liberal democracy and a major power; its predominantly Christian religious life; and its composition of four countries—England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland—each of which has distinct customs, cultures and symbolism.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The wider culture of Europe has also influenced British culture, and Humanism, Protestantism and representative democracy developed from broader Western culture.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ British literature, music, cinema, art, theatre, comedy, media, television, philosophy, architecture and education are important aspects of British culture.", "Capital Inicial __knowledge__ Capital Inicial is a Brazilian rock band that flourished in the 1980s, saw a resurgence in the late 1990s, and extended into the 2000s.", "Capital Inicial __knowledge__ Capital Inicial is a post-punk/new wave band who had considerable success, having recorded seven albums from 1982 to 1996.", "Capital Inicial __knowledge__ They were a huge success in the early and mid-2000s, being one of the most popular bands in Brazil with the albums Acústico MTV, Rosas e Vinho Tinto, Gigante, and .", "Capital Inicial __knowledge__ The album Eu Nunca Disse Adeus was expected to be released in early 2007.", "Capital Inicial __knowledge__ Former members of Renato Russo's pioneering post-punk band Aborto Elétrico teamed up to form the Capital Inicial, continuing to perform the same type of music.", "Brazilian rock __knowledge__ Brazilian rock refers to rock music produced in Brazil and usually sung in Portuguese.", "Brazilian rock __knowledge__ Rock entered the Brazilian music scene in 1956, with the screening of the film \"The Blackboard Jungle\", featuring Bill Haley's \"Rock Around the Clock\", which would later be covered in Portuguese by Nora Ney.", "Brazilian rock __knowledge__ The electric guitar was already used in Brazil in 1948, in Salvador carnival bloc of .", "Brazilian rock __knowledge__ They invented the famous \"pau elétrico\" (), the first electric guitar without microphonic feedback, with its typical acute color characteristic and sustained sound, no more similar to the previous jazzistic electric guitar models (then they developed another with two arms) and in 1949 they played carnival songs with this guitar at the first time in an open car named then \"Trio Elétrico\" on the Salvador streets (today in the big trucks with a very robust sound).", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ The music of the United States reflects the country's multi-ethnic population through a diverse array of styles.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ It is a mixture of music influenced by West African, Irish, Scottish and mainland European among others.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ The country's most internationally renowned genres are jazz, blues, country, bluegrass, rock, rhythm and blues, soul, ragtime, hip hop, barbershop, pop, experimental, techno, house, dance, boogaloo, salsa, and rock and roll.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ The United States has the world's largest music market with a total retail value of 4,898.3 million dollars in 2014, and its music is heard around the world.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ Since the beginning of the 20th century, some forms of American popular music have gained a near global audience.", "2000s in music __knowledge__ This article includes an overview of the major events and trends in popular music in the 2000s.", "2000s in music __knowledge__ The 2000s saw the creation or emergence of a few styles, such as indie-related genres such as Emo, Alternative R&B, and a multitude of new electronic subgenres, most notably Dubstep, Bass music and Moombahton, as well as genres that fused influences from past decades, mostly the 80s, into creating new styles such as Nu-disco and Hypnagogic pop.", "2000s in music __knowledge__ In fact convergence of different styles was one of the more defining features of the decade, as seen with the creation and commercial success of the British Grime genre and Trap music and Chillwave in the United States.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Jazz is a music genre that originated in the African-American communities of New Orleans, United States, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and developed from roots in blues and ragtime.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Jazz is seen by many as 'America's classical music'.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Since the 1920s Jazz Age, jazz has become recognized as a major form of musical expression.", "Jazz __knowledge__ It then emerged in the form of independent traditional and popular musical styles, all linked by the common bonds of African-American and European-American musical parentage with a performance orientation.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Jazz is characterized by swing and blue notes, call and response vocals, polyrhythms and improvisation." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Indie rock __knowledge__ Indie rock is a genre of alternative rock that originated in the United States and the United Kingdom in the 1980s.", "Indie rock __knowledge__ Originally used to describe independent record labels, the term became associated with the music they produced and was initially used interchangeably with \"alternative rock\".", "Indie rock __knowledge__ As grunge and punk revival bands in the US, and then Britpop bands in the UK, broke into the mainstream in the 1990s, it came to be used to identify those acts that retained an outsider and underground perspective.", "Indie rock __knowledge__ In the 2000s, as a result of changes in the music industry and the growing importance of the Internet, some indie rock acts began to enjoy commercial success, leading to questions about its meaningfulness as a term.", "Indie rock __knowledge__ Sometimes used interchangeably with \"guitar pop rock\", in the mid-1980s, the term \"indie\" (or \"indie pop\") began to be used to describe the music produced on punk and post-punk labels.", "Indie rock __knowledge__ Some prominent indie rock record labels were founded during the 1980s.", "Indie rock __knowledge__ During the 1990s, Grunge bands broke into the mainstream, and the term \"alternative\" lost its original counter-cultural meaning.", "Indie rock __knowledge__ The term \"indie rock\" became associated with the bands and genres that remained dedicated to their independent status.", "Modest Mouse __knowledge__ Modest Mouse is an American rock band formed in 1992 in Issaquah, Washington (a suburb of Seattle), and currently based in Portland, Oregon.", "Modest Mouse __knowledge__ The founding members are lead singer/guitarist Isaac Brock, drummer Jeremiah Green, and bassist Eric Judy.", "Modest Mouse __knowledge__ Strongly influenced by groups Pavement, the Pixies, XTC, and Talking Heads, the band rehearsed, rearranged, and recorded demos for almost two years before finally signing with small-town indie label, K Records, and releasing numerous singles.", "Modest Mouse __knowledge__ Since the band's 1996 debut album, \"This Is a Long Drive for Someone with Nothing to Think About\", the group's lineup has centered on Brock and Green.", "We Were Dead Before the Ship Even Sank __knowledge__ We Were Dead Before the Ship Even Sank is the fifth studio album by American alternative rock band Modest Mouse, released in 2007.", "We Were Dead Before the Ship Even Sank __knowledge__ It followed their previous studio album, 2004's \"Good News for People Who Love Bad News\".", "We Were Dead Before the Ship Even Sank __knowledge__ It is the band's only full-length with former Smiths guitarist Johnny Marr as a member.", "We Were Dead Before the Ship Even Sank __knowledge__ It has a strong nautical theme and was originally envisioned as a concept album about a boat crew that dies in every song.", "We Were Dead Before the Ship Even Sank __knowledge__ This album was certified Gold by the RIAA on June 11, 2009.", "We Were Dead Before the Ship Even Sank __knowledge__ As of February 2015, it has sold 649,000 copies in the US.", "We Were Dead Before the Ship Even Sank __knowledge__ The album was recorded at Sweet Tea Studio in Oxford, Mississippi with producer Dennis Herring, becoming the second consecutive Modest Mouse album to be recorded at that location and with that producer.", "Dann Gallucci __knowledge__ Dann Gallucci (born March 31, 1975) is an American songwriter, producer, musician and audio engineer best known for his work with Modest Mouse, The Murder City Devils, and Cold War Kids.", "Dann Gallucci __knowledge__ Born and raised in the Pacific Northwest, Gallucci met Modest Mouse’s Isaac Brock in Seattle, Washington in 1993, playing guitar with the band intermittently before joining full-time to record several singles that would eventually appear on the album Sad Sappy Sucker, released by independent record label K Records in 2001.", "Dann Gallucci __knowledge__ While in Modest Mouse, Gallucci co-founded the punk bands Area 51 and Death Wish Kids, featuring members that would go on to form The Murder City Devils.", "Modest Mouse discography __knowledge__ The discography of Modest Mouse, an American indie rock band, consists of six studio albums, six extended plays, two compilation albums, four lo-fi cassette releases, one live album, twenty-five singles, and nine reissues.", "Modest Mouse discography __knowledge__ Three of their releases have been certified at least Gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) for shipments in excess of 500,000 copies; one of these releases has further been certified Platinum, for shipments in excess of 1,000,000 copies.", "Modest Mouse discography __knowledge__ Modest Mouse formed in 1992 in Issaquah, Washington.", "Modest Mouse discography __knowledge__ \"This Is a Long Drive for Someone with Nothing to Think About\" was released as the band's debut album in April 1996.", "Ugly Casanova __knowledge__ Ugly Casanova is an American indie rock band carried on Sub Pop Records.", "Ugly Casanova __knowledge__ The band has released one album, \"Sharpen Your Teeth\".", "Ugly Casanova __knowledge__ According to the Ugly Casanova website, in 1998 a man named Edgar E. Graham, a.k.a.", "Ugly Casanova __knowledge__ \"Ugly Casanova\", impressed himself upon the band Modest Mouse while backstage at a concert in Denver, Colorado.", "Ugly Casanova __knowledge__ After some prodding, he shared his work with the band and began performing it early before shows while some people were milling around.", "Ugly Casanova __knowledge__ Whenever he completed these performances, he retreated quickly with a look of anger and shame.", "Ugly Casanova __knowledge__ After a time, a few small recordings were created, after which Edgar vanished.", "All Tomorrow's Parties Festival lineups __knowledge__ This page lists past lineups for all past UK and US All Tomorrow's Parties music festivals, as well as other festivals the ATP organisation has been involved with such as the Pitchfork Music Festival and Primavera Sound.", "All Tomorrow's Parties Festival lineups __knowledge__ Unlike most music festivals, ATP lineups are chosen by a curator, usually an artist or musician.", "All Tomorrow's Parties Festival lineups __knowledge__ 7-8-9/4/2000.", "All Tomorrow's Parties Festival lineups __knowledge__ Lineup: ...And You Will Know Us by the Trail of Dead, Alfie, Aphex Twin, Arab Strap, Bardo Pond, Bobby Gillespie's Hair, Clinic, Ganger, Godspeed You!", "All Tomorrow's Parties Festival lineups __knowledge__ Black Emperor, Gorky's Zygotic Mynci, Hood, Labradford + Pan American, Laika, Ligament, Mice Parade, Mogwai, Motor Life Co., Pan American, Plaid, Plone, Pram, Radar Bros., Scott 4, Shellac, Sigur Rós, Snow Patrol, Sonic Youth, Sophia, Stereolab, Super Furry Animals, Tarwater, Ten Benson, The Delgados, The For Carnation, The High Llamas, Two Dollar Guitar, Wire 6-7-8/4/2001.", "The Shins __knowledge__ The Shins are an American indie rock band formed in Albuquerque, New Mexico in 1996.", "The Shins __knowledge__ The band's current lineup consists of James Mercer (vocals, guitar, songwriter), Jon Sortland (drums), Mark Watrous (guitar), Casey Foubert (guitar), Yuuki Matthews (bass), and Patti King (keyboards).", "The Shins __knowledge__ The band is based in Portland, Oregon.", "The Shins __knowledge__ The band was formed by Mercer as a side project to Flake Music, who were active from 1992 to 1999.", "The Shins __knowledge__ The band released two 7\" singles and a full-length album \"When You Land Here It's Time to Return\" on Omnibus Records and were touring with Modest Mouse when they were signed to Sub Pop Records.", "American rock __knowledge__ American rock is rock music from the United States.", "American rock __knowledge__ It has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rock and roll, rhythm and blues, and country music, and also drew on folk music, jazz, blues, and classical music.", "American rock __knowledge__ American rock music was further influenced by the British Invasion of the American pop charts from 1964 and resulted in the development of garage rock.", "American rock __knowledge__ From the late 1960s and early 1970s, American rock music was highly influential in the development of a number of fusions, including blending with folk music to create folk rock, with blues to create blues rock, with country music to create country rock, roots rock and southern rock and with jazz to create jazz rock, all of which contributed to psychedelic rock.", "Garage rock __knowledge__ Garage rock (sometimes called 60s punk or garage punk) is a raw and energetic style of rock and roll that flourished in the mid-1960s, most notably in the United States and Canada.", "Garage rock __knowledge__ The style is characterized by basic chord structures played on electric guitars and other instruments, sometimes distorted through a fuzzbox, as well as often unsophisticated and occasionally aggressive lyrics and delivery.", "Garage rock __knowledge__ The term \"garage rock\" derives from the perception that groups were often made up of young amateurs who rehearsed in the family garage, although many were professional.", "Garage rock __knowledge__ In the US and Canada, surf rock—and later the Beatles and other beat groups of the British Invasion—motivated thousands of young people to form bands between 1963 and 1968.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk rock (or \"punk\") is a rock music genre that developed in the mid-1970s in the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Rooted in 1960s garage rock and other forms of what is now known as \"proto-punk\" music, punk rock bands rejected perceived excesses of mainstream 1970s rock.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk bands typically produced short or fast-paced songs, with hard-edged melodies and singing styles, stripped-down instrumentation, and often political, anti-establishment lyrics.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk embraces a DIY ethic; many bands self-produce recordings and distribute them through independent record labels and other informal channels.", "Post-punk revival __knowledge__ Post-punk revival (also known as \"new wave revival\", \"garage rock revival\" or \"new rock revolution\") is a genre of alternative rock and indie rock that developed in the late 1990s and early 2000s, inspired by the original sounds and aesthetics of garage rock of the 1960s and new wave and post-punk of the 1980s.", "Post-punk revival __knowledge__ Bands that broke through to the mainstream from local scenes across the world in the early 2000s included the Strokes, Interpol, the White Stripes, the Hives and the Vines who were followed to commercial success by many established and new acts.", "Post-punk revival __knowledge__ By the end of the decade, most of the bands had broken up, moved on to other projects or were on hiatus, although some bands returned to recording and touring in the 2010s.", "Popular music of Birmingham __knowledge__ Birmingham's culture of popular music first developed in the mid-1950s.", "Popular music of Birmingham __knowledge__ By the early 1960s the city's music scene had emerged as one of the largest and most vibrant in the country; a \"seething cauldron of musical activity\", with over 500 bands constantly exchanging members and performing regularly across a well-developed network of venues and promoters.", "Popular music of Birmingham __knowledge__ By 1963 the city's music was also already becoming recognised for what would become its defining characteristic: the refusal of its musicians to conform to any single style or genre.", "Popular music of Birmingham __knowledge__ Birmingham's tradition of combining a highly collaborative culture with an open acceptance of individualism and experimentation dates back as far back as the 18th century, and musically this has expressed itself in the wide variety of music produced within the city, often by closely related groups of musicians, from the \"rampant eclecticism\" of the Brum beat era, to the city's \"infamously fragmented\" post-punk scene, to the \"astonishing range\" of distinctive and radical electronic music produced in the city from the 1980s to the early 21st century.", "History of the punk subculture __knowledge__ The history of the punk subculture involves the history of punk rock, the history of various punk ideologies, punk fashion, punk visual art, punk literature, dance, and punk film.", "History of the punk subculture __knowledge__ Since emerging in the United States, the United Kingdom and Australia in the mid-1970s, the punk subculture has spread around the globe and evolved into a number of different forms.", "History of the punk subculture __knowledge__ The history of punk plays an important part in the history of subcultures in the 20th century.", "History of the punk subculture __knowledge__ Several precursors to the punk subculture had varying degrees of influence on that culture.", "History of the punk subculture __knowledge__ A number of philosophical and artistic movements were influences on and precursors to the punk movement." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 9 ]

[ "The term indie rock originally was used to describe independent record labels", "It later became associated more with the kind of music the produced, but then in the 2000s as it became very popular it kind of lost it inicial meaning.", "Did she listen to grudge and punk revival too?", "You mean the american rock band formed in 1992 in Issaquah, near Seattle?" ]

[ "Indie rock", "Indie rock", "Indie rock", "Indie rock" ]

[ "Star Trek\nStar Trek is one of my favorite shows. Have you ever watched it?", "It's a really old show, too, isn't it? People always compare it to Star Wars, but I'm pretty sure it's been around way longer.", "Wow, so Star Trek's been around WAY longer. I guess that explains why it's such a culturally influential show.", "I've never heard of Horatio Hornblower before. Funny name. Has there even been a Star Trek movie, or is it all just the TV show?", "I'll have to look into Mr. Hornblower, then, especially if he inspired Star Trek. Has the Star Trek franchise been financially successful over the years?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Star Trek __knowledge__ Star Trek is an American media franchise based on the science fiction television series created by Gene Roddenberry.", "Star Trek __knowledge__ The first television series, simply called \"Star Trek\" and now referred to as \"\"\"\", debuted in 1966 and aired for three seasons on the television network NBC.", "Star Trek __knowledge__ It followed the interstellar adventures of Captain James T. Kirk (William Shatner) and his crew aboard the starship USS \"Enterprise\", a space exploration vessel, built by the United Federation of Planets in the twenty-third century.", "Star Trek __knowledge__ The \"Star Trek\" canon of the franchise includes \"The Original Series\", an animated series, five spin-off television series, the film franchise, and further adaptations in several media.", "Star Trek __knowledge__ In creating \"Star Trek\", Roddenberry was inspired by the Horatio Hornblower novels, the satirical book \"Gulliver's Travels\", and by works of western genre such as the television series \"Wagon Train\".", "Star Trek __knowledge__ These adventures continued in the short-lived \"\" and six feature films.", "Star Trek __knowledge__ Four spin-off television series were eventually produced: \"\" followed the crew of a new starship \"Enterprise\" set a century after the original series; \"\" and \"\" set contemporaneously with \"The Next Generation\"; and \"\" set before the original series in the early days of human interstellar travel.", "Star Trek: The Original Series __knowledge__ Star Trek is an American science fiction television series created by Gene Roddenberry that follows the adventures of the starship and its crew.", "Star Trek: The Original Series __knowledge__ It later acquired the retronym of Star Trek: The Original Series (Star Trek: TOS or simply TOS) to distinguish the show within the media franchise that it began.", "Star Trek: The Original Series __knowledge__ The show is set in the Milky Way galaxy, roughly during the 2260s.", "Star Trek: The Original Series __knowledge__ The ship and crew are led by Captain James T. Kirk (William Shatner), first officer and science officer Spock (Leonard Nimoy), and chief medical officer Leonard McCoy (DeForest Kelley).", "Star Trek: The Original Series __knowledge__ Shatner's voice-over introduction during each episode's opening credits stated the starship's purpose: The series was produced from September 1966 to December 1967 by Norway Productions and Desilu Productions, and by Paramount Television from January 1968 to June 1969.", "Star Trek (film) __knowledge__ Star Trek is a 2009 American science fiction adventure film directed by J. J. Abrams and written by Roberto Orci and Alex Kurtzman.", "Star Trek (film) __knowledge__ It is the eleventh film in the \"Star Trek\" film franchise, and is also a reboot that features the main characters of the portrayed by a new cast, as the first in the rebooted film series.", "Star Trek (film) __knowledge__ The film follows James T. Kirk (Chris Pine) and Spock (Zachary Quinto) aboard USS \"Enterprise\" as they combat Nero (Eric Bana), a Romulan from their future who threatens the United Federation of Planets.", "Star Trek (film) __knowledge__ The story takes place in an alternate reality because of time travel by both Nero and the original Spock (Leonard Nimoy).", "William Shatner __knowledge__ William Shatner (born March 22, 1931) is a Canadian actor, author, producer, and director.", "William Shatner __knowledge__ In his seven decades of television, Shatner became a cultural icon for his portrayal of James T. Kirk, captain of the USS \"Enterprise\", in the \"Star Trek\" franchise.", "William Shatner __knowledge__ He has written a series of books chronicling his experiences playing Captain Kirk and being a part of \"Star Trek\", and has co-written several novels set in the \"Star Trek\" universe.", "William Shatner __knowledge__ He has written a series of science fiction novels called \"TekWar\" that were adapted for television.", "William Shatner __knowledge__ Shatner also played the eponymous veteran police sergeant in \"T.J. Hooker\" (1982–86) and hosted the reality-based television series \"Rescue 911\" (1989–96), which won a People's Choice Award for the Favorite New TV Dramatic Series.", "Cultural influence of Star Trek __knowledge__ The original series, which aired in the late 1960s, has since spawned six successor series and thirteen movies , a plethora of merchandise, and a multibillion-dollar industry collectively known as the \"Star Trek\" franchise.", "Cultural influence of Star Trek __knowledge__ The franchise is owned by CBS Television Studios, which now owns television properties previously held by Paramount Pictures, the studio that produced \"Star Trek\" for many decades; CBS Paramount continues to hold DVD rights to the TV series, and the rights to produce feature films.", "Cultural influence of Star Trek __knowledge__ Two films, \"Galaxy Quest\" and \"Free Enterprise\", and a television series, \"The Orville\", have been inspired by the cultural influence of \"Star Trek\".", "Gene Roddenberry __knowledge__ Eugene Wesley Roddenberry (August 19, 1921 – October 24, 1991) was an American television screenwriter and producer.", "Gene Roddenberry __knowledge__ He is best remembered for creating the .", "Gene Roddenberry __knowledge__ Born in El Paso, Texas, Roddenberry grew up in Los Angeles, where his father was a police officer.", "Gene Roddenberry __knowledge__ Roddenberry flew 89 combat missions in the Army Air Forces during World War II, and worked as a commercial pilot after the war.", "Gene Roddenberry __knowledge__ Later, he followed in his father's footsteps and joined the Los Angeles Police Department, where he also began to write scripts for television.", "Gene Roddenberry __knowledge__ As a freelance writer, Roddenberry wrote scripts for \"Highway Patrol\", \"Have Gun–Will Travel\", and other series, before creating and producing his own television series \"The Lieutenant.\"", "Trekkie __knowledge__ A Trekkie is a fan of the \"Star Trek\" franchise, or of specific television series or films within that franchise.", "Trekkie __knowledge__ In 1967, science fiction editor Arthur W. Saha applied the term \"trekkies\" when he saw a few fans of the first season of \"\" wearing pointy ears at the 25th World Science Fiction Convention, on the day series creator Gene Roddenberry showed a print of \"Amok Time\" to the convention.", "Trekkie __knowledge__ Saha used the term in an interview with Pete Hamill that Hamill was conducting for \"TV Guide\" concerning the phenomenon of science fiction.", "Trekkie __knowledge__ Many early Trekkies were also fans of \"The Man From U.N.C.L.E.\"", "Trekkie __knowledge__ (1964–1968), another show with science fiction elements and a devoted, \"cult\"-like audience." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Star Trek __knowledge__ Star Trek is an American media franchise based on the science fiction television series created by Gene Roddenberry.", "Star Trek __knowledge__ The first television series, simply called \"Star Trek\" and now referred to as \"\"\"\", debuted in 1966 and aired for three seasons on the television network NBC.", "Star Trek __knowledge__ It followed the interstellar adventures of Captain James T. Kirk (William Shatner) and his crew aboard the starship USS \"Enterprise\", a space exploration vessel, built by the United Federation of Planets in the twenty-third century.", "Star Trek __knowledge__ The \"Star Trek\" canon of the franchise includes \"The Original Series\", an animated series, five spin-off television series, the film franchise, and further adaptations in several media.", "Star Trek __knowledge__ In creating \"Star Trek\", Roddenberry was inspired by the Horatio Hornblower novels, the satirical book \"Gulliver's Travels\", and by works of western genre such as the television series \"Wagon Train\".", "Star Trek __knowledge__ These adventures continued in the short-lived \"\" and six feature films.", "Star Trek __knowledge__ Four spin-off television series were eventually produced: \"\" followed the crew of a new starship \"Enterprise\" set a century after the original series; \"\" and \"\" set contemporaneously with \"The Next Generation\"; and \"\" set before the original series in the early days of human interstellar travel.", "Star Wars (film) __knowledge__ Star Wars (later retitled Star Wars: Episode IV – A New Hope) is a 1977 American epic space opera film written and directed by George Lucas.", "Star Wars (film) __knowledge__ It is the first film in the original \"Star Wars\" trilogy and the beginning of the \"Star Wars\" franchise.", "Star Wars (film) __knowledge__ Starring Mark Hamill, Harrison Ford, Carrie Fisher, Peter Cushing, Alec Guinness, David Prowse, James Earl Jones, Anthony Daniels, Kenny Baker, and Peter Mayhew, the film's plot focuses on the Rebel Alliance, led by Princess Leia (Fisher), and its attempt to destroy the Galactic Empire's space station, the Death Star.", "Star Wars (film) __knowledge__ This conflict disrupts the isolated life of farmhand Luke Skywalker (Hamill), who inadvertently acquires two droids that possess stolen architectural plans for the Death Star.", "Star Wars __knowledge__ Star Wars is an American epic space opera media franchise, centered on a film series created by George Lucas.", "Star Wars __knowledge__ It depicts the adventures of various characters \"a long time ago in a galaxy far, far away\".", "Star Wars __knowledge__ The franchise began in 1977 with the release of the film \"Star Wars\" (later subtitled \"Episode IV: A New Hope\" in 1981), which became a worldwide pop culture phenomenon.", "Star Wars __knowledge__ It was followed by the successful sequels \"The Empire Strikes Back\" (1980) and \"Return of the Jedi\" (1983); these three films constitute the original \"Star Wars\" trilogy.", "Star Wars __knowledge__ A prequel trilogy was released between 1999 and 2005, which received mixed reactions from both critics and fans.", "Comparison of Star Trek and Star Wars __knowledge__ \"Star Trek\" and \"Star Wars\" are science fiction media franchises that present alternative scenarios of space adventure.", "Comparison of Star Trek and Star Wars __knowledge__ The two streams have offered various forms of media productions for decades that manage billions of dollars of intellectual property, providing employment and entertainment for billions of people around the world.", "Comparison of Star Trek and Star Wars __knowledge__ \"Star Trek\" was introduced as in 1966 that lasted three years. \"\"", "Comparison of Star Trek and Star Wars __knowledge__ commenced in 1973 (based directly on the original series) but lasted only two seasons with a combined total of 22 episodes.", "Comparison of Star Trek and Star Wars __knowledge__ With the subsequent publication of novels, comics, animated series, toys and feature films, \"Star Trek\" grew into an enormous media franchise.", "Rogue One __knowledge__ Rogue One: A Star Wars Story, or simply Rogue One, is a 2016 American epic space opera film directed by Gareth Edwards.", "Rogue One __knowledge__ The screenplay by Chris Weitz and Tony Gilroy is from a story by John Knoll and Gary Whitta.", "Rogue One __knowledge__ It was produced by Lucasfilm and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures.", "Rogue One __knowledge__ It is the first installment of the \"Star Wars Anthology\" series, set immediately before the events of the original \"Star Wars\" film, and follows a group of rebels on a mission to steal the plans for the Death Star, the Galactic Empire's superweapon.", "Rogue One __knowledge__ The cast includes Felicity Jones, Diego Luna, Ben Mendelsohn, Donnie Yen, Mads Mikkelsen, Alan Tudyk, Riz Ahmed, Jiang Wen and Forest Whitaker.", "Technology in Star Wars __knowledge__ The space opera blockbuster \"Star Wars\" has borrowed many real-life scientific and technological concepts in its settings.", "Technology in Star Wars __knowledge__ In return, \"Star Wars\" has depicted, inspired, and influenced several futuristic technologies, both in existence and under development.", "Technology in Star Wars __knowledge__ In the introduction of his \"Return of the Jedi\" novelization, author James Kahn wrote: \"\"Star Wars\" is also very much concerned with the tension between humanity and technology, an issue which, for me, dates back even to my first films.", "Technology in Star Wars __knowledge__ In \"Jedi\", the theme remained the same, as the simplest of natural forces brought down the seemingly invincible weapons of the evil Empire\".", "Star Trek: The Motion Picture __knowledge__ Star Trek: The Motion Picture is a 1979 American science fiction film directed by Robert Wise and based on the created by Gene Roddenberry, who also served as its producer.", "Star Trek: The Motion Picture __knowledge__ It is the first installment in the \"Star Trek\" film series, and stars the cast of the original television series.", "Star Trek: The Motion Picture __knowledge__ The film is set in the twenty-third century, when a mysterious and immensely powerful alien cloud known as V'Ger approaches Earth, destroying everything in its path.", "Star Trek: The Motion Picture __knowledge__ Admiral James T. Kirk (William Shatner) assumes command of the recently refitted Starship USS \"Enterprise\", to lead it on a mission to save the planet and determine VGers origins.", "Star Wars: The Force Awakens __knowledge__ Star Wars: The Force Awakens (also known as Star Wars: Episode VII – The Force Awakens) is a 2015 American epic space opera film produced, co-written and directed by J. J. Abrams.", "Star Wars: The Force Awakens __knowledge__ It is the first installment of the \"Star Wars\" sequel trilogy and the seventh main installment of the \"Star Wars\" franchise, following \"Return of the Jedi\" (1983).", "Star Wars: The Force Awakens __knowledge__ The film stars Harrison Ford, Mark Hamill, Carrie Fisher, Adam Driver, Daisy Ridley, John Boyega, Oscar Isaac, Lupita Nyong'o, Andy Serkis, Domhnall Gleeson, Anthony Daniels, Peter Mayhew, and Max von Sydow, and was produced by Lucasfilm Ltd. and Abrams' production company Bad Robot Productions.", "Gene Roddenberry __knowledge__ Eugene Wesley Roddenberry (August 19, 1921 – October 24, 1991) was an American television screenwriter and producer.", "Gene Roddenberry __knowledge__ He is best remembered for creating the .", "Gene Roddenberry __knowledge__ Born in El Paso, Texas, Roddenberry grew up in Los Angeles, where his father was a police officer.", "Gene Roddenberry __knowledge__ Roddenberry flew 89 combat missions in the Army Air Forces during World War II, and worked as a commercial pilot after the war.", "Gene Roddenberry __knowledge__ Later, he followed in his father's footsteps and joined the Los Angeles Police Department, where he also began to write scripts for television.", "Gene Roddenberry __knowledge__ As a freelance writer, Roddenberry wrote scripts for \"Highway Patrol\", \"Have Gun–Will Travel\", and other series, before creating and producing his own television series \"The Lieutenant.\"", "Legacy of Gene Roddenberry __knowledge__ Eugene Wesley \"Gene\" Roddenberry (August 19, 1921 – October 24, 1991) was an American television screenwriter, producer and futurist best remembered for creating the .", "Legacy of Gene Roddenberry __knowledge__ In 1985, Gene Roddenberry was the first television writer to receive a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.", "Legacy of Gene Roddenberry __knowledge__ He was given a Macintosh 128K by Apple Inc. in 1986, which was later upgraded by the company and re-designated as a Macintosh Plus with the production number of M-0001.", "Legacy of Gene Roddenberry __knowledge__ This started the rumor that Roddenberry had received the first Mac-Plus off the production line.", "Legacy of Gene Roddenberry __knowledge__ When the Sci-Fi Channel was launched in the United States eleven months after the death of Roddenberry, the first broadcast was a dedication to two \"science fiction pioneers\": Isaac Asimov and Roddenberry.", "Star Trek: The Original Series __knowledge__ Star Trek is an American science fiction television series created by Gene Roddenberry that follows the adventures of the starship and its crew.", "Star Trek: The Original Series __knowledge__ It later acquired the retronym of Star Trek: The Original Series (Star Trek: TOS or simply TOS) to distinguish the show within the media franchise that it began.", "Star Trek: The Original Series __knowledge__ The show is set in the Milky Way galaxy, roughly during the 2260s.", "Star Trek: The Original Series __knowledge__ The ship and crew are led by Captain James T. Kirk (William Shatner), first officer and science officer Spock (Leonard Nimoy), and chief medical officer Leonard McCoy (DeForest Kelley).", "Star Trek: The Original Series __knowledge__ Shatner's voice-over introduction during each episode's opening credits stated the starship's purpose: The series was produced from September 1966 to December 1967 by Norway Productions and Desilu Productions, and by Paramount Television from January 1968 to June 1969.", "Development of Spock __knowledge__ The development of Spock, a fictional character first introduced in the American science fiction television series \"\", began prior to the start of the series.", "Development of Spock __knowledge__ The first known mention of Spock was in a discussion between Gene Roddenberry and Gary Lockwood, where the latter suggested Leonard Nimoy for the role.", "Development of Spock __knowledge__ Roddenberry agreed with the suggestion, and Nimoy became the first choice actor for the part.", "Development of Spock __knowledge__ However, Roddenberry was required to audition other actors for the role.", "Development of Spock __knowledge__ It was offered to both DeForest Kelley and Martin Landau before Nimoy, who accepted the part.", "Development of Spock __knowledge__ The actor disliked the prosthetic ears he was required to wear, and there were concerns from the studio that they made him appear satanic.", "Early life and career of Gene Roddenberry __knowledge__ Eugene Wesley \"Gene\" Roddenberry (August 19, 1921 – October 24, 1991) was an American television screenwriter, producer and futurist best remembered for creating the .", "Early life and career of Gene Roddenberry __knowledge__ He was born in El Paso, Texas, but grew up in Los Angeles, California where his father worked as a police officer.", "Early life and career of Gene Roddenberry __knowledge__ While at school, the young Roddenberry majored in police science and became interested in aeronautical engineering.", "Early life and career of Gene Roddenberry __knowledge__ He obtained a pilot's license through the Civilian Pilot Training Program.", "Early life and career of Gene Roddenberry __knowledge__ Following his graduation, he signed up for the United States Army Air Corps and he enlisted after the attack on Pearl Harbor.", "Early life and career of Gene Roddenberry __knowledge__ He was commissioned on August 5, 1942, and was posted to the Pacific Theater of Operations where he joined the 394th Bomb Squadron, 5th Bombardment Group, of the Thirteenth Air Force." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Star Trek __knowledge__ Star Trek is an American media franchise based on the science fiction television series created by Gene Roddenberry.", "Star Trek __knowledge__ The first television series, simply called \"Star Trek\" and now referred to as \"\"\"\", debuted in 1966 and aired for three seasons on the television network NBC.", "Star Trek __knowledge__ It followed the interstellar adventures of Captain James T. Kirk (William Shatner) and his crew aboard the starship USS \"Enterprise\", a space exploration vessel, built by the United Federation of Planets in the twenty-third century.", "Star Trek __knowledge__ The \"Star Trek\" canon of the franchise includes \"The Original Series\", an animated series, five spin-off television series, the film franchise, and further adaptations in several media.", "Star Trek __knowledge__ In creating \"Star Trek\", Roddenberry was inspired by the Horatio Hornblower novels, the satirical book \"Gulliver's Travels\", and by works of western genre such as the television series \"Wagon Train\".", "Star Trek __knowledge__ These adventures continued in the short-lived \"\" and six feature films.", "Star Trek __knowledge__ Four spin-off television series were eventually produced: \"\" followed the crew of a new starship \"Enterprise\" set a century after the original series; \"\" and \"\" set contemporaneously with \"The Next Generation\"; and \"\" set before the original series in the early days of human interstellar travel.", "Star Trek: The Original Series __knowledge__ Star Trek is an American science fiction television series created by Gene Roddenberry that follows the adventures of the starship and its crew.", "Star Trek: The Original Series __knowledge__ It later acquired the retronym of Star Trek: The Original Series (Star Trek: TOS or simply TOS) to distinguish the show within the media franchise that it began.", "Star Trek: The Original Series __knowledge__ The show is set in the Milky Way galaxy, roughly during the 2260s.", "Star Trek: The Original Series __knowledge__ The ship and crew are led by Captain James T. Kirk (William Shatner), first officer and science officer Spock (Leonard Nimoy), and chief medical officer Leonard McCoy (DeForest Kelley).", "Star Trek: The Original Series __knowledge__ Shatner's voice-over introduction during each episode's opening credits stated the starship's purpose: The series was produced from September 1966 to December 1967 by Norway Productions and Desilu Productions, and by Paramount Television from January 1968 to June 1969.", "Cultural influence of Star Trek __knowledge__ The original series, which aired in the late 1960s, has since spawned six successor series and thirteen movies , a plethora of merchandise, and a multibillion-dollar industry collectively known as the \"Star Trek\" franchise.", "Cultural influence of Star Trek __knowledge__ The franchise is owned by CBS Television Studios, which now owns television properties previously held by Paramount Pictures, the studio that produced \"Star Trek\" for many decades; CBS Paramount continues to hold DVD rights to the TV series, and the rights to produce feature films.", "Cultural influence of Star Trek __knowledge__ Two films, \"Galaxy Quest\" and \"Free Enterprise\", and a television series, \"The Orville\", have been inspired by the cultural influence of \"Star Trek\".", "Star Trek (film) __knowledge__ Star Trek is a 2009 American science fiction adventure film directed by J. J. Abrams and written by Roberto Orci and Alex Kurtzman.", "Star Trek (film) __knowledge__ It is the eleventh film in the \"Star Trek\" film franchise, and is also a reboot that features the main characters of the portrayed by a new cast, as the first in the rebooted film series.", "Star Trek (film) __knowledge__ The film follows James T. Kirk (Chris Pine) and Spock (Zachary Quinto) aboard USS \"Enterprise\" as they combat Nero (Eric Bana), a Romulan from their future who threatens the United Federation of Planets.", "Star Trek (film) __knowledge__ The story takes place in an alternate reality because of time travel by both Nero and the original Spock (Leonard Nimoy).", "Trekkie __knowledge__ A Trekkie is a fan of the \"Star Trek\" franchise, or of specific television series or films within that franchise.", "Trekkie __knowledge__ In 1967, science fiction editor Arthur W. Saha applied the term \"trekkies\" when he saw a few fans of the first season of \"\" wearing pointy ears at the 25th World Science Fiction Convention, on the day series creator Gene Roddenberry showed a print of \"Amok Time\" to the convention.", "Trekkie __knowledge__ Saha used the term in an interview with Pete Hamill that Hamill was conducting for \"TV Guide\" concerning the phenomenon of science fiction.", "Trekkie __knowledge__ Many early Trekkies were also fans of \"The Man From U.N.C.L.E.\"", "Trekkie __knowledge__ (1964–1968), another show with science fiction elements and a devoted, \"cult\"-like audience.", "Star Trek: The Motion Picture __knowledge__ Star Trek: The Motion Picture is a 1979 American science fiction film directed by Robert Wise and based on the created by Gene Roddenberry, who also served as its producer.", "Star Trek: The Motion Picture __knowledge__ It is the first installment in the \"Star Trek\" film series, and stars the cast of the original television series.", "Star Trek: The Motion Picture __knowledge__ The film is set in the twenty-third century, when a mysterious and immensely powerful alien cloud known as V'Ger approaches Earth, destroying everything in its path.", "Star Trek: The Motion Picture __knowledge__ Admiral James T. Kirk (William Shatner) assumes command of the recently refitted Starship USS \"Enterprise\", to lead it on a mission to save the planet and determine VGers origins.", "Star Trek: Discovery __knowledge__ Star Trek: Discovery is an American television series created for CBS All Access by Bryan Fuller and Alex Kurtzman.", "Star Trek: Discovery __knowledge__ It is the first series developed specifically for that service, and the first \"Star Trek\" series since \"\" concluded in 2005.", "Star Trek: Discovery __knowledge__ Set roughly a decade before the events of and separate from the timeline of the concurrently produced feature films, \"Discovery\" explores the Federation–Klingon war while following the crew of the USS \"Discovery\".", "Star Trek: Discovery __knowledge__ Gretchen J. Berg and Aaron Harberts serve as showrunners on the series, with producing support from Akiva Goldsman.", "Star Trek: Discovery __knowledge__ Sonequa Martin-Green stars as Michael Burnham, a science specialist on the USS \"Discovery\".", "Star Wars (film) __knowledge__ Star Wars (later retitled Star Wars: Episode IV – A New Hope) is a 1977 American epic space opera film written and directed by George Lucas.", "Star Wars (film) __knowledge__ It is the first film in the original \"Star Wars\" trilogy and the beginning of the \"Star Wars\" franchise.", "Star Wars (film) __knowledge__ Starring Mark Hamill, Harrison Ford, Carrie Fisher, Peter Cushing, Alec Guinness, David Prowse, James Earl Jones, Anthony Daniels, Kenny Baker, and Peter Mayhew, the film's plot focuses on the Rebel Alliance, led by Princess Leia (Fisher), and its attempt to destroy the Galactic Empire's space station, the Death Star.", "Star Wars (film) __knowledge__ This conflict disrupts the isolated life of farmhand Luke Skywalker (Hamill), who inadvertently acquires two droids that possess stolen architectural plans for the Death Star.", "Star Wars __knowledge__ Star Wars is an American epic space opera media franchise, centered on a film series created by George Lucas.", "Star Wars __knowledge__ It depicts the adventures of various characters \"a long time ago in a galaxy far, far away\".", "Star Wars __knowledge__ The franchise began in 1977 with the release of the film \"Star Wars\" (later subtitled \"Episode IV: A New Hope\" in 1981), which became a worldwide pop culture phenomenon.", "Star Wars __knowledge__ It was followed by the successful sequels \"The Empire Strikes Back\" (1980) and \"Return of the Jedi\" (1983); these three films constitute the original \"Star Wars\" trilogy.", "Star Wars __knowledge__ A prequel trilogy was released between 1999 and 2005, which received mixed reactions from both critics and fans.", "NBC __knowledge__ The National Broadcasting Company (NBC) is an American English language commercial broadcast television network that is a flagship property of NBCUniversal, a subsidiary of Comcast.", "NBC __knowledge__ The network is headquartered at 30 Rockefeller Plaza in New York City, with additional major offices near Los Angeles (at 10 Universal City Plaza), and Chicago (at the NBC Tower).", "NBC __knowledge__ The network is part of the Big Three television networks.", "NBC __knowledge__ NBC is sometimes referred to as the \"Peacock Network\", in reference to its stylized peacock logo, introduced in 1956 to promote the company's innovations in early color broadcasting.", "Star Wars: The Clone Wars (2008 TV series) __knowledge__ Star Wars: The Clone Wars is an American 3D CGI animated television series created by George Lucas and produced by Lucasfilm Animation with the division Lucasfilm Animation Singapore, Lucasfilm and CGCG Inc.", "Star Wars: The Clone Wars (2008 TV series) __knowledge__ The series debuted on Cartoon Network on October 3, 2008.", "Star Wars: The Clone Wars (2008 TV series) __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional \"Star Wars\" galaxy during the three years between the prequel films \"\" and \"\", the same time period as the previous 2D 2003 TV series \"\".", "Star Wars: The Clone Wars (2008 TV series) __knowledge__ Each episode has a running time of 22 minutes to fill a half-hour time slot.", "Star Wars: The Clone Wars (2008 TV series) __knowledge__ In 2007, \"Star Wars\" creator George Lucas stated \"there will be at least 100 episodes produced [about five seasons]\".", "Comparison of Star Trek and Star Wars __knowledge__ \"Star Trek\" and \"Star Wars\" are science fiction media franchises that present alternative scenarios of space adventure.", "Comparison of Star Trek and Star Wars __knowledge__ The two streams have offered various forms of media productions for decades that manage billions of dollars of intellectual property, providing employment and entertainment for billions of people around the world.", "Comparison of Star Trek and Star Wars __knowledge__ \"Star Trek\" was introduced as in 1966 that lasted three years. \"\"", "Comparison of Star Trek and Star Wars __knowledge__ commenced in 1973 (based directly on the original series) but lasted only two seasons with a combined total of 22 episodes.", "Comparison of Star Trek and Star Wars __knowledge__ With the subsequent publication of novels, comics, animated series, toys and feature films, \"Star Trek\" grew into an enormous media franchise." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Star Trek __knowledge__ Star Trek is an American media franchise based on the science fiction television series created by Gene Roddenberry.", "Star Trek __knowledge__ The first television series, simply called \"Star Trek\" and now referred to as \"\"\"\", debuted in 1966 and aired for three seasons on the television network NBC.", "Star Trek __knowledge__ It followed the interstellar adventures of Captain James T. Kirk (William Shatner) and his crew aboard the starship USS \"Enterprise\", a space exploration vessel, built by the United Federation of Planets in the twenty-third century.", "Star Trek __knowledge__ The \"Star Trek\" canon of the franchise includes \"The Original Series\", an animated series, five spin-off television series, the film franchise, and further adaptations in several media.", "Star Trek __knowledge__ In creating \"Star Trek\", Roddenberry was inspired by the Horatio Hornblower novels, the satirical book \"Gulliver's Travels\", and by works of western genre such as the television series \"Wagon Train\".", "Star Trek __knowledge__ These adventures continued in the short-lived \"\" and six feature films.", "Star Trek __knowledge__ Four spin-off television series were eventually produced: \"\" followed the crew of a new starship \"Enterprise\" set a century after the original series; \"\" and \"\" set contemporaneously with \"The Next Generation\"; and \"\" set before the original series in the early days of human interstellar travel.", "Star Trek: The Original Series __knowledge__ Star Trek is an American science fiction television series created by Gene Roddenberry that follows the adventures of the starship and its crew.", "Star Trek: The Original Series __knowledge__ It later acquired the retronym of Star Trek: The Original Series (Star Trek: TOS or simply TOS) to distinguish the show within the media franchise that it began.", "Star Trek: The Original Series __knowledge__ The show is set in the Milky Way galaxy, roughly during the 2260s.", "Star Trek: The Original Series __knowledge__ The ship and crew are led by Captain James T. Kirk (William Shatner), first officer and science officer Spock (Leonard Nimoy), and chief medical officer Leonard McCoy (DeForest Kelley).", "Star Trek: The Original Series __knowledge__ Shatner's voice-over introduction during each episode's opening credits stated the starship's purpose: The series was produced from September 1966 to December 1967 by Norway Productions and Desilu Productions, and by Paramount Television from January 1968 to June 1969.", "Horatio Hornblower __knowledge__ Horatio Hornblower is a fictional Napoleonic Wars era Royal Navy officer who is the protagonist of a series of novels by C. S. Forester.", "Horatio Hornblower __knowledge__ He was later the subject of films and radio and television programs.", "Horatio Hornblower __knowledge__ The original Hornblower tales began with the 1937 novel \"The Happy Return\" (U.S. title \"Beat to Quarters\") with the appearance of a junior Royal Navy captain on independent duty on a secret mission to Central America.", "Horatio Hornblower __knowledge__ Later stories filled out his earlier years, starting with an unpromising beginning as a seasick midshipman.", "Horatio Hornblower __knowledge__ As the Napoleonic Wars progress, he gains promotion steadily as a result of his skill and daring, despite his initial poverty and lack of influential friends.", "James T. Kirk __knowledge__ James Tiberius \"Jim\" Kirk is a fictional character in the \"Star Trek\" franchise.", "James T. Kirk __knowledge__ Kirk first appears in \"\" and has been portrayed in numerous films, books, comics, webisodes, and video games.", "James T. Kirk __knowledge__ As the captain of the starship USS \"Enterprise\", Kirk leads his crew as they explore \"new worlds, where no man has gone before\".", "James T. Kirk __knowledge__ Often, the characters of Spock and Leonard McCoy act as his logical and emotional sounding boards, respectively.", "James T. Kirk __knowledge__ Kirk, played by William Shatner, first appears in the broadcast pilot episode, \"The Man Trap\", originally broadcast on September 8, 1966.", "James T. Kirk __knowledge__ Shatner continued in the role for the show's three seasons, and later provided the voice of the animated version of Kirk in \"\" (1973–74).", "Gene Roddenberry __knowledge__ Eugene Wesley Roddenberry (August 19, 1921 – October 24, 1991) was an American television screenwriter and producer.", "Gene Roddenberry __knowledge__ He is best remembered for creating the .", "Gene Roddenberry __knowledge__ Born in El Paso, Texas, Roddenberry grew up in Los Angeles, where his father was a police officer.", "Gene Roddenberry __knowledge__ Roddenberry flew 89 combat missions in the Army Air Forces during World War II, and worked as a commercial pilot after the war.", "Gene Roddenberry __knowledge__ Later, he followed in his father's footsteps and joined the Los Angeles Police Department, where he also began to write scripts for television.", "Gene Roddenberry __knowledge__ As a freelance writer, Roddenberry wrote scripts for \"Highway Patrol\", \"Have Gun–Will Travel\", and other series, before creating and producing his own television series \"The Lieutenant.\"", "William Shatner __knowledge__ William Shatner (born March 22, 1931) is a Canadian actor, author, producer, and director.", "William Shatner __knowledge__ In his seven decades of television, Shatner became a cultural icon for his portrayal of James T. Kirk, captain of the USS \"Enterprise\", in the \"Star Trek\" franchise.", "William Shatner __knowledge__ He has written a series of books chronicling his experiences playing Captain Kirk and being a part of \"Star Trek\", and has co-written several novels set in the \"Star Trek\" universe.", "William Shatner __knowledge__ He has written a series of science fiction novels called \"TekWar\" that were adapted for television.", "William Shatner __knowledge__ Shatner also played the eponymous veteran police sergeant in \"T.J. Hooker\" (1982–86) and hosted the reality-based television series \"Rescue 911\" (1989–96), which won a People's Choice Award for the Favorite New TV Dramatic Series.", "Cultural influence of Star Trek __knowledge__ The original series, which aired in the late 1960s, has since spawned six successor series and thirteen movies , a plethora of merchandise, and a multibillion-dollar industry collectively known as the \"Star Trek\" franchise.", "Cultural influence of Star Trek __knowledge__ The franchise is owned by CBS Television Studios, which now owns television properties previously held by Paramount Pictures, the studio that produced \"Star Trek\" for many decades; CBS Paramount continues to hold DVD rights to the TV series, and the rights to produce feature films.", "Cultural influence of Star Trek __knowledge__ Two films, \"Galaxy Quest\" and \"Free Enterprise\", and a television series, \"The Orville\", have been inspired by the cultural influence of \"Star Trek\".", "Captain Horatio Hornblower __knowledge__ Captain Horatio Hornblower (a.k.a.", "Captain Horatio Hornblower __knowledge__ Captain Horatio Hornblower R.N.", "Captain Horatio Hornblower __knowledge__ in the UK, \"R.N.\"", "Captain Horatio Hornblower __knowledge__ standing for \"Royal Navy\") is a 1951 American naval swashbuckling war film in Technicolor from Warner Bros., produced by Gerry Mitchell, directed by Raoul Walsh, that stars Gregory Peck, Virginia Mayo, Robert Beatty, and Terence Morgan.", "Captain Horatio Hornblower __knowledge__ The film is based on three of C.S.", "Captain Horatio Hornblower __knowledge__ Forester's Horatio Hornblower novels: \"The Happy Return\" (\"Beat to Quarters\" in the United States), \"A Ship of the Line\", and \"Flying Colours\".", "Captain Horatio Hornblower __knowledge__ Forester is credited with the screen adaptation; as a result, the film is faithful to his novels and features an occasionally introspective tone unusual for an old-fashioned swashbuckler.", "William Bush (Hornblower) __knowledge__ Captain William Bush RN is a fictional character in C. S. Forester's Horatio Hornblower series.", "William Bush (Hornblower) __knowledge__ He is Hornblower's best friend, and serves with Hornblower in the Royal Navy prior to the Peace of Amiens and again during the Napoleonic Wars.", "William Bush (Hornblower) __knowledge__ Bush's role in the novels is that of Hornblower's best friend and second-in-command.", "William Bush (Hornblower) __knowledge__ He is characterized chiefly by his loyalty, his patience, good nature, and stolid matter-of-fact outlook.", "William Bush (Hornblower) __knowledge__ Although Hornblower genuinely cares for Bush, he sometimes frustrates and hurts him through harsh criticism.", "William Bush (Hornblower) __knowledge__ Hornblower, although a brilliant strategist, is a painfully self-conscious and hyperactively introspective man who tries desperately to conceal from the world what he perceives as \"weaknesses\".", "Comparison of Star Trek and Star Wars __knowledge__ \"Star Trek\" and \"Star Wars\" are science fiction media franchises that present alternative scenarios of space adventure.", "Comparison of Star Trek and Star Wars __knowledge__ The two streams have offered various forms of media productions for decades that manage billions of dollars of intellectual property, providing employment and entertainment for billions of people around the world.", "Comparison of Star Trek and Star Wars __knowledge__ \"Star Trek\" was introduced as in 1966 that lasted three years. \"\"", "Comparison of Star Trek and Star Wars __knowledge__ commenced in 1973 (based directly on the original series) but lasted only two seasons with a combined total of 22 episodes.", "Comparison of Star Trek and Star Wars __knowledge__ With the subsequent publication of novels, comics, animated series, toys and feature films, \"Star Trek\" grew into an enormous media franchise." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Star Trek __knowledge__ Star Trek is an American media franchise based on the science fiction television series created by Gene Roddenberry.", "Star Trek __knowledge__ The first television series, simply called \"Star Trek\" and now referred to as \"\"\"\", debuted in 1966 and aired for three seasons on the television network NBC.", "Star Trek __knowledge__ It followed the interstellar adventures of Captain James T. Kirk (William Shatner) and his crew aboard the starship USS \"Enterprise\", a space exploration vessel, built by the United Federation of Planets in the twenty-third century.", "Star Trek __knowledge__ The \"Star Trek\" canon of the franchise includes \"The Original Series\", an animated series, five spin-off television series, the film franchise, and further adaptations in several media.", "Star Trek __knowledge__ In creating \"Star Trek\", Roddenberry was inspired by the Horatio Hornblower novels, the satirical book \"Gulliver's Travels\", and by works of western genre such as the television series \"Wagon Train\".", "Star Trek __knowledge__ These adventures continued in the short-lived \"\" and six feature films.", "Star Trek __knowledge__ Four spin-off television series were eventually produced: \"\" followed the crew of a new starship \"Enterprise\" set a century after the original series; \"\" and \"\" set contemporaneously with \"The Next Generation\"; and \"\" set before the original series in the early days of human interstellar travel.", "Star Trek: The Original Series __knowledge__ Star Trek is an American science fiction television series created by Gene Roddenberry that follows the adventures of the starship and its crew.", "Star Trek: The Original Series __knowledge__ It later acquired the retronym of Star Trek: The Original Series (Star Trek: TOS or simply TOS) to distinguish the show within the media franchise that it began.", "Star Trek: The Original Series __knowledge__ The show is set in the Milky Way galaxy, roughly during the 2260s.", "Star Trek: The Original Series __knowledge__ The ship and crew are led by Captain James T. Kirk (William Shatner), first officer and science officer Spock (Leonard Nimoy), and chief medical officer Leonard McCoy (DeForest Kelley).", "Star Trek: The Original Series __knowledge__ Shatner's voice-over introduction during each episode's opening credits stated the starship's purpose: The series was produced from September 1966 to December 1967 by Norway Productions and Desilu Productions, and by Paramount Television from January 1968 to June 1969.", "Gene Roddenberry __knowledge__ Eugene Wesley Roddenberry (August 19, 1921 – October 24, 1991) was an American television screenwriter and producer.", "Gene Roddenberry __knowledge__ He is best remembered for creating the .", "Gene Roddenberry __knowledge__ Born in El Paso, Texas, Roddenberry grew up in Los Angeles, where his father was a police officer.", "Gene Roddenberry __knowledge__ Roddenberry flew 89 combat missions in the Army Air Forces during World War II, and worked as a commercial pilot after the war.", "Gene Roddenberry __knowledge__ Later, he followed in his father's footsteps and joined the Los Angeles Police Department, where he also began to write scripts for television.", "Gene Roddenberry __knowledge__ As a freelance writer, Roddenberry wrote scripts for \"Highway Patrol\", \"Have Gun–Will Travel\", and other series, before creating and producing his own television series \"The Lieutenant.\"", "Cultural influence of Star Trek __knowledge__ The original series, which aired in the late 1960s, has since spawned six successor series and thirteen movies , a plethora of merchandise, and a multibillion-dollar industry collectively known as the \"Star Trek\" franchise.", "Cultural influence of Star Trek __knowledge__ The franchise is owned by CBS Television Studios, which now owns television properties previously held by Paramount Pictures, the studio that produced \"Star Trek\" for many decades; CBS Paramount continues to hold DVD rights to the TV series, and the rights to produce feature films.", "Cultural influence of Star Trek __knowledge__ Two films, \"Galaxy Quest\" and \"Free Enterprise\", and a television series, \"The Orville\", have been inspired by the cultural influence of \"Star Trek\".", "Star Trek (film) __knowledge__ Star Trek is a 2009 American science fiction adventure film directed by J. J. Abrams and written by Roberto Orci and Alex Kurtzman.", "Star Trek (film) __knowledge__ It is the eleventh film in the \"Star Trek\" film franchise, and is also a reboot that features the main characters of the portrayed by a new cast, as the first in the rebooted film series.", "Star Trek (film) __knowledge__ The film follows James T. Kirk (Chris Pine) and Spock (Zachary Quinto) aboard USS \"Enterprise\" as they combat Nero (Eric Bana), a Romulan from their future who threatens the United Federation of Planets.", "Star Trek (film) __knowledge__ The story takes place in an alternate reality because of time travel by both Nero and the original Spock (Leonard Nimoy).", "James T. Kirk __knowledge__ James Tiberius \"Jim\" Kirk is a fictional character in the \"Star Trek\" franchise.", "James T. Kirk __knowledge__ Kirk first appears in \"\" and has been portrayed in numerous films, books, comics, webisodes, and video games.", "James T. Kirk __knowledge__ As the captain of the starship USS \"Enterprise\", Kirk leads his crew as they explore \"new worlds, where no man has gone before\".", "James T. Kirk __knowledge__ Often, the characters of Spock and Leonard McCoy act as his logical and emotional sounding boards, respectively.", "James T. Kirk __knowledge__ Kirk, played by William Shatner, first appears in the broadcast pilot episode, \"The Man Trap\", originally broadcast on September 8, 1966.", "James T. Kirk __knowledge__ Shatner continued in the role for the show's three seasons, and later provided the voice of the animated version of Kirk in \"\" (1973–74).", "Star Trek: The Motion Picture __knowledge__ Star Trek: The Motion Picture is a 1979 American science fiction film directed by Robert Wise and based on the created by Gene Roddenberry, who also served as its producer.", "Star Trek: The Motion Picture __knowledge__ It is the first installment in the \"Star Trek\" film series, and stars the cast of the original television series.", "Star Trek: The Motion Picture __knowledge__ The film is set in the twenty-third century, when a mysterious and immensely powerful alien cloud known as V'Ger approaches Earth, destroying everything in its path.", "Star Trek: The Motion Picture __knowledge__ Admiral James T. Kirk (William Shatner) assumes command of the recently refitted Starship USS \"Enterprise\", to lead it on a mission to save the planet and determine VGers origins.", "Horatio Hornblower __knowledge__ Horatio Hornblower is a fictional Napoleonic Wars era Royal Navy officer who is the protagonist of a series of novels by C. S. Forester.", "Horatio Hornblower __knowledge__ He was later the subject of films and radio and television programs.", "Horatio Hornblower __knowledge__ The original Hornblower tales began with the 1937 novel \"The Happy Return\" (U.S. title \"Beat to Quarters\") with the appearance of a junior Royal Navy captain on independent duty on a secret mission to Central America.", "Horatio Hornblower __knowledge__ Later stories filled out his earlier years, starting with an unpromising beginning as a seasick midshipman.", "Horatio Hornblower __knowledge__ As the Napoleonic Wars progress, he gains promotion steadily as a result of his skill and daring, despite his initial poverty and lack of influential friends.", "Royal Navy __knowledge__ The Royal Navy (RN) is the United Kingdom's naval warfare force.", "Royal Navy __knowledge__ Although warships were used by the English kings from the early medieval period, the first major maritime engagements were fought in the Hundred Years War against the Kingdom of France.", "Royal Navy __knowledge__ The modern Royal Navy traces its origins to the early 16th century; the oldest of the UK's armed services, it is known as the Senior Service.", "Royal Navy __knowledge__ From the middle decades of the 17th century, and through the 18th century, the Royal Navy vied with the Dutch Navy and later with the French Navy for maritime supremacy.", "Royal Navy __knowledge__ From the mid 18th century, it was the world's most powerful navy until surpassed by the United States Navy during the Second World War.", "Captain Horatio Hornblower __knowledge__ Captain Horatio Hornblower (a.k.a.", "Captain Horatio Hornblower __knowledge__ Captain Horatio Hornblower R.N.", "Captain Horatio Hornblower __knowledge__ in the UK, \"R.N.\"", "Captain Horatio Hornblower __knowledge__ standing for \"Royal Navy\") is a 1951 American naval swashbuckling war film in Technicolor from Warner Bros., produced by Gerry Mitchell, directed by Raoul Walsh, that stars Gregory Peck, Virginia Mayo, Robert Beatty, and Terence Morgan.", "Captain Horatio Hornblower __knowledge__ The film is based on three of C.S.", "Captain Horatio Hornblower __knowledge__ Forester's Horatio Hornblower novels: \"The Happy Return\" (\"Beat to Quarters\" in the United States), \"A Ship of the Line\", and \"Flying Colours\".", "Captain Horatio Hornblower __knowledge__ Forester is credited with the screen adaptation; as a result, the film is faithful to his novels and features an occasionally introspective tone unusual for an old-fashioned swashbuckler.", "William Bush (Hornblower) __knowledge__ Captain William Bush RN is a fictional character in C. S. Forester's Horatio Hornblower series.", "William Bush (Hornblower) __knowledge__ He is Hornblower's best friend, and serves with Hornblower in the Royal Navy prior to the Peace of Amiens and again during the Napoleonic Wars.", "William Bush (Hornblower) __knowledge__ Bush's role in the novels is that of Hornblower's best friend and second-in-command.", "William Bush (Hornblower) __knowledge__ He is characterized chiefly by his loyalty, his patience, good nature, and stolid matter-of-fact outlook.", "William Bush (Hornblower) __knowledge__ Although Hornblower genuinely cares for Bush, he sometimes frustrates and hurts him through harsh criticism.", "William Bush (Hornblower) __knowledge__ Hornblower, although a brilliant strategist, is a painfully self-conscious and hyperactively introspective man who tries desperately to conceal from the world what he perceives as \"weaknesses\".", "Maritime history of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The Maritime history of the United Kingdom involves events including shipping, ports, navigation, and seamen, as well as marine sciences, exploration, trade, and maritime themes in the arts from the creation of the kingdom of Great Britain as a united, sovereign state, on 1 May 1707 in accordance with the Treaty of Union, signed on 22 July 1706.", "Maritime history of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Until the advent of air transport and the creation of the Channel Tunnel, marine transport was the only way of reaching the British Isles.", "Maritime history of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ For this reason, maritime trade and naval power have always had great importance.", "Maritime history of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Prior to the Acts of Union, 1707, the maritime history of the British Isles was largely dominated by that of England.", "C. S. Forester __knowledge__ Cecil Louis Troughton Smith (27 August 1899 – 2 April 1966), known by his pen name Cecil Scott \"C. S.\" Forester, was an English novelist known for writing tales of naval warfare such as the 12-book Horatio Hornblower series, depicting a Royal Navy officer during the Napoleonic wars.", "C. S. Forester __knowledge__ Two of the Hornblower books, \"A Ship of the Line\" and \"Flying Colours\", were jointly awarded the James Tait Black Memorial Prize for fiction in 1938.", "C. S. Forester __knowledge__ His other works include \"The African Queen\" (1935; filmed in 1951 by John Huston).", "C. S. Forester __knowledge__ Forester was born in Cairo and, after a family breakup at an early age, moved with his mother to London, where he was educated at Alleyn's School and Dulwich College, south London.", "Mr. Midshipman Hornblower __knowledge__ Mr. Midshipman Hornblower (published 1950) is a Horatio Hornblower novel written by C. S. Forester.", "Mr. Midshipman Hornblower __knowledge__ Although it may be considered as the first episode in the Hornblower saga, it was written as a prequel; the first Hornblower novel, \"The Happy Return\", was published in 1937.", "Mr. Midshipman Hornblower __knowledge__ Horatio Hornblower commences his career in the Royal Navy as an inexperienced midshipman in January 1794.", "Mr. Midshipman Hornblower __knowledge__ Through a series of challenges and adventures both in and out of combat, Hornblower discovers he is actually talented in both seamanship and leadership.", "Mr. Midshipman Hornblower __knowledge__ People initially thought Hornblower a dullard but later grew to respect him." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 5, 13, 0 ]

[ "Yes I have. It was created by Gene Roddenberry.", "Well the first TV series aired in 1966 for 3 seasons on NBC. Star wars came out in 1979.", "Thats right. The creator was inspired by the the Horatio Hornblower novels when creating Star Trek.", "There have been and still are movies made. The movies are very popular. Horatio Hornblower is a fictional Napoleonic Wars era Royal Navy officer ", "Definitely thats why it keeps on going. But I would say that Star Wars may be eclipsing by now." ]

[ "Star Trek", "Star Trek", "Star Trek", "Star Trek", "Star Trek" ]

[ "Krav Maga", "I think I've heard of it. Is that the new pottery fad?", "ooh, developed in Israel. It must be effective. Do you think it's better than Karate?", "Sounds like a swiss army knife of self defense. Does it work?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga (; , \"lit.\"", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ \"contact-combat\") is a military self-defence and fighting system developed for the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) and Israeli security forces (Shin Bet and Mossad) that derived from a combination of techniques sourced from Boxing, Wrestling, Aikido, Judo, Karate along with realistic fight training.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga is known for its focus on real-world situations and its extreme efficiency.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ It was derived from the street-fighting experience of Hungarian-Israeli martial artist Imi Lichtenfeld, who made use of his training as a boxer and wrestler as a means of defending the Jewish quarter against fascist groups in Bratislava, Czechoslovakia, in the mid-to-late 1930s.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ In the late 1940s, following his migration to Israel, he began to provide lessons on combat training to what was to become the IDF.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ From the outset, the original concept of Krav Maga was to take the most simple and practical techniques of other fighting styles (originally European boxing, wrestling and street fighting) and to make them rapidly teachable to military conscripts.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga has a philosophy emphasizing aggression, and simultaneous defensive and offensive maneuvers.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga has been used by the Israel Defense Forces' special forces units, the security apparatus, and by regular infantry units." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga (; , \"lit.\"", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ \"contact-combat\") is a military self-defence and fighting system developed for the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) and Israeli security forces (Shin Bet and Mossad) that derived from a combination of techniques sourced from Boxing, Wrestling, Aikido, Judo, Karate along with realistic fight training.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga is known for its focus on real-world situations and its extreme efficiency.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ It was derived from the street-fighting experience of Hungarian-Israeli martial artist Imi Lichtenfeld, who made use of his training as a boxer and wrestler as a means of defending the Jewish quarter against fascist groups in Bratislava, Czechoslovakia, in the mid-to-late 1930s.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ In the late 1940s, following his migration to Israel, he began to provide lessons on combat training to what was to become the IDF.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ From the outset, the original concept of Krav Maga was to take the most simple and practical techniques of other fighting styles (originally European boxing, wrestling and street fighting) and to make them rapidly teachable to military conscripts.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga has a philosophy emphasizing aggression, and simultaneous defensive and offensive maneuvers.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga has been used by the Israel Defense Forces' special forces units, the security apparatus, and by regular infantry units.", "Flavin adenine dinucleotide __knowledge__ In biochemistry, flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) is a redox cofactor, more specifically a prosthetic group of a protein, involved in several important enzymatic reactions in metabolism.", "Flavin adenine dinucleotide __knowledge__ A flavoprotein is a protein that contains a flavin moiety, this may be in the form of FAD or flavin mononucleotide (FMN).", "Flavin adenine dinucleotide __knowledge__ There are many flavoproteins besides components of the succinate dehydrogenase complex, including α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase and a component of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex; some examples are shown in section 6.", "Flavin adenine dinucleotide __knowledge__ FAD can exist in four different redox states, which are the flavin-N(5)-oxide, quinone, semiquinone, and hydroquinone.", "Langley Mill Pottery __knowledge__ Langley Mill Pottery was located in Langley Mill, Derbyshire on the Derbyshire – Nottinghamshire border.", "Langley Mill Pottery __knowledge__ From its establishment in 1865 to its final closure in 1982, the pottery went through five distinct periods of ownership, producing a wide range of stoneware ranging from salt glazed ink bottles, utilitarian items and tableware to high quality and original art pottery.", "Langley Mill Pottery __knowledge__ In 1865, James Calvert, a chemist and druggist from Belper, Derbyshire, established the Langley Mill pottery on the site of a former brick-works.", "Langley Mill Pottery __knowledge__ The company was known at that time as James Calvert.", "Langley Mill Pottery __knowledge__ Historically, this area was already one of the major producers of stoneware pottery due to its location over the Derbyshire – Nottinghamshire Coal Field and several other stoneware potteries were already operational at that time.", "Bovey Tracey Potteries __knowledge__ The Bovey Tracey Potteries were a collection of potteries in the Bovey Tracey area of Devon, based on the clay from the Bovey Basin.", "Bovey Tracey Potteries __knowledge__ Pottery making developed in the area developed on an industrial scale from around 1750 and lasted for around 200 years under various owners and names.", "Bovey Tracey Potteries __knowledge__ Pottery is known to have been produced in the area since the early part of the 18th century as a kiln containing several unfinished and kiln-damaged saltglazed pots dated from 1760 was discovered in 1932 in Fore Street, Bovey Tracey.", "Bovey Tracey Potteries __knowledge__ The kiln has since been moved to The Bovey Tracey Heritage Centre and the pots to The Bovey Pottery Museum where they can be seen on display.", "Newcomb Pottery __knowledge__ Newcomb Pottery, also called Newcomb College Pottery, was a brand of American Arts & Crafts pottery produced from 1895 to 1940.", "Newcomb Pottery __knowledge__ The company grew out of the pottery program at H. Sophie Newcomb Memorial College, the women's college now associated with Tulane University in New Orleans, Louisiana.", "Newcomb Pottery __knowledge__ The Pottery was a contemporary of Rookwood Pottery, the Saturday Evening Girls, North Dakota pottery, Teco and Grueby.", "Newcomb Pottery __knowledge__ Newcomb College had been founded expressly to instruct young Southern women in liberal arts.", "Newcomb Pottery __knowledge__ The art school opened in 1886 and production of art pottery on a for-profit basis began in 1895 under the supervision of art professors William Woodward, Ellsworth Woodward, and Mary Given Sheerer.", "Van Briggle Pottery __knowledge__ The Van Briggle Art Pottery was the oldest continuously operating art pottery in the United States, having been established in Colorado Springs, Colorado in 1901 by Artus and Anne Van Briggle.", "Van Briggle Pottery __knowledge__ Artus had a significant impact on the Art Nouveau movement in the United States, and his pottery is foundational to American Art Pottery.", "Van Briggle Pottery __knowledge__ The Art Nouveau style favored by its founders continues to influence the pottery's designs.", "Van Briggle Pottery __knowledge__ Artus Van Briggle settled in Colorado Springs in 1899 after establishing himself as a notable artist with the Rookwood Pottery of Ohio.", "Van Briggle Pottery __knowledge__ With Anne Louise (née Gregory), his new wife, Artus began exploring the Art Nouveau style in their pottery creations, drawing awards and accolades from the American and European art communities.", "Point Peninsula Complex __knowledge__ The Point Peninsula Complex was an indigenous culture located in Ontario and New York from 600 BCE to 700 CE (during the Middle Woodland period).", "Point Peninsula Complex __knowledge__ Point Peninsula ceramics were first introduced into Canada around 600 BCE then spread south into parts of New England around 200 BCE.", "Point Peninsula Complex __knowledge__ Some time between 300 BCE and 1 CE, Point Peninsula pottery first appeared in Maine, and \"over the entire Maritime Peninsula.\"", "Point Peninsula Complex __knowledge__ Little evidence exists to show that it was derived from the earlier, thicker pottery, known as Vinette I, Adena Thick, etc... Point Peninsula pottery represented a new kind of technology in North America and has also been called Vinette II.", "Tin-glazed pottery __knowledge__ Tin-glazed pottery is earthenware covered in glaze containing tin oxide which is white, shiny and opaque (see tin-glazing for the chemistry); usually this provides a background for brightly-painted decoration.", "Tin-glazed pottery __knowledge__ It has been important in Islamic and European pottery, but very little used in East Asia.", "Tin-glazed pottery __knowledge__ The pottery body is usually made of red or buff-colored earthenware and the white glaze imitated Chinese porcelain.", "Tin-glazed pottery __knowledge__ The decoration on tin-glazed pottery is usually applied to the unfired glaze surface by brush with metallic oxides, commonly cobalt oxide, copper oxide, iron oxide, manganese dioxide and antimony oxide.", "Urban Krav Maga __knowledge__ Urban Krav Maga is a self-defence system which has its roots in Israeli Krav Maga as its name suggests.", "Urban Krav Maga __knowledge__ It additionally draws on a variety of other fighting systems such as Brazilian jiu-jitsu, Boxing, Muay Thai and Mixed Martial Arts (MMA) among others .", "Urban Krav Maga __knowledge__ The main focus of Urban Krav Maga is on defending the most common street attacks, pre-emptive moves to end a confrontation before it begins and a range of stand-up and ground fighting techniques.", "Urban Krav Maga __knowledge__ As well as hand-to-hand fighting, techniques cover defences against weaponry (chokes, pushes, broken bottle or knife attacks, etc.).", "Urban Krav Maga __knowledge__ Contrary to many other fighting systems and martial arts, the focus is on techniques that can be implemented regardless of strength or size based on leverage and the \"surprise effect\".", "Eyal Yanilov __knowledge__ Eyal Yanilov (born 30 May 1959) is an Israeli Krav Maga instructor and currently Chief Instructor of Krav Maga Global.", "Eyal Yanilov __knowledge__ He was a co-founder and Chief Instructor of the International Krav Maga Federation from 1996 to 2010.", "Eyal Yanilov __knowledge__ Eyal Yanilov is a graduate of the School for Trainers and Instructors at the Wingate Institute for Sport and Physical Education and holds a degree in electrical engineering.", "Eyal Yanilov __knowledge__ He studied with the founder of Krav Maga, Imi Lichtenfeld (also known as Imi Sde-Or) beginning in 1974.", "Eyal Yanilov __knowledge__ He is one of two Krav Maga practitioners who holds the highest level granted by Imi Lichtenfeld, Master level 3 and the Founder's Diploma of Excellence, along with Darren Levine.Yanilov and Levine were the driving force in popularizing Krav Maga in the 1990s.", "Haim Gidon __knowledge__ Haim Gidon is a teacher of Krav Maga (Hebrew קרב מגע: \"contact combat\"), an Israeli-originated self-defense and military hand-to-hand combat system taught to military, police forces and civilians worldwide.", "Haim Gidon __knowledge__ He was a co-founder of the IKMA (Israeli Krav Maga Association) in 1977.", "Haim Gidon __knowledge__ In 1994, upon Imi Lichtenfeld's retirement, he became the Grandmaster and president of the Israeli Krav Maga Association.", "Haim Gidon __knowledge__ He was granted an 8th dan white and red belt by Imi Lichtenfeld (also known as Imi Sde-Or), the founder of Krav Maga.", "Haim Gidon __knowledge__ Today Gidon now holds a 10th dan red belt which is the highest degree in his style of Krav Maga.", "Darren Levine __knowledge__ Darren R. Levine (born April 3, 1960 in Los Angeles, California, United States) is a martial artist, an entrepreneur, and a prosecutor for the Los Angeles County District Attorney's office.", "Darren Levine __knowledge__ He is best known for helping to popularize Krav Maga, the official hand-to-hand combat system of the Israel Defense Forces.", "Darren Levine __knowledge__ Levine, who graduated from Loyola Law School, has worked as a Deputy District Attorney for Los Angeles County since 1991.", "Darren Levine __knowledge__ The same year, Levine and his detectives built a case against Gerald Mason, who had evaded arrest since 1957 for the rape of a teenage girl, the assault of three other teenagers, and the murder of two police officers.", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ Yaakov \"Kobi\" Lichtenstein (born 1964) is an Israeli-Brazilian master of krav maga who introduced this martial art to South America.", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ He is the Chief Instructor of the South American Federation of Krav Maga.", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ Lichtenstein was born in 1964 in Rehovot, Israel.", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ He began training in the martial art of krav maga in 1967 under its founder, Imi Lichtenfeld (1910–1998).", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ Lichtenstein began teaching the art at the age of 15.", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ He served for three years in the Israeli Defense Forces, by the end he held a black belt diploma from the Krav Maga Association.", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ He fought in the First Lebanon War (1982).", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ Lichtenstein arrived in Brazil on 18 January 1990, appointed by Lichtenfeld to introduce his martial art to South America.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ Emrich \"Imi\" Lichtenfeld () (May 26, 1910 – January 9, 1998) was a Slovak-born Israeli martial artist who founded the Krav Maga self-defense system.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ He was also known as Imi Sde-Or (), the Hebrew calque of his surname.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ Lichtenfeld was born on May 26, 1910, to a Slovak Jewish family in Pozsony in the Austro-Hungarian Empire.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ He grew up in Bratislava.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ His father, Samuel Lichtenfeld, was a chief inspector on the Bratislava police force and a former circus acrobat.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ Lichtenfeld trained at the Hercules Gymnasium, which was owned by his father, who taught self-defense.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ Lichtenfeld was a successful boxer, wrestler, and gymnast since his youth." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga (; , \"lit.\"", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ \"contact-combat\") is a military self-defence and fighting system developed for the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) and Israeli security forces (Shin Bet and Mossad) that derived from a combination of techniques sourced from Boxing, Wrestling, Aikido, Judo, Karate along with realistic fight training.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga is known for its focus on real-world situations and its extreme efficiency.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ It was derived from the street-fighting experience of Hungarian-Israeli martial artist Imi Lichtenfeld, who made use of his training as a boxer and wrestler as a means of defending the Jewish quarter against fascist groups in Bratislava, Czechoslovakia, in the mid-to-late 1930s.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ In the late 1940s, following his migration to Israel, he began to provide lessons on combat training to what was to become the IDF.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ From the outset, the original concept of Krav Maga was to take the most simple and practical techniques of other fighting styles (originally European boxing, wrestling and street fighting) and to make them rapidly teachable to military conscripts.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga has a philosophy emphasizing aggression, and simultaneous defensive and offensive maneuvers.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga has been used by the Israel Defense Forces' special forces units, the security apparatus, and by regular infantry units.", "Karate __knowledge__ The Ryukyu Kingdom was annexed by Japan in 1879.", "Karate __knowledge__ Karate was brought to Japan in the early 20th century during a time of migration as Ryukyuans, especially from Okinawa, looked for work in Japan.", "Karate __knowledge__ It was systematically taught in Japan after the Taishō era.", "Karate __knowledge__ In 1922 the Japanese Ministry of Education invited Gichin Funakoshi to Tokyo to give a karate demonstration.", "Karate __knowledge__ In 1924 Keio University established the first university karate club in mainland Japan and by 1932, major Japanese universities had karate clubs.", "Karate __knowledge__ In this era of escalating Japanese militarism, the name was changed from (\"Chinese hand\" or \"Tang hand\") to (\"empty hand\") – both of which are pronounced \"karate\" in Japanese – to indicate that the Japanese wished to develop the combat form in Japanese style.", "Ooh Baby (You Know That I Love You) __knowledge__ \"Ooh Baby (You Know That I Love You)\" is a song by English musician George Harrison, released in 1975 on his album \"Extra Texture (Read All About It)\".", "Ooh Baby (You Know That I Love You) __knowledge__ Harrison wrote the composition as a tribute to American singer Smokey Robinson, whom he often identified as one of his favourite vocalists and songwriters.", "Ooh Baby (You Know That I Love You) __knowledge__ The song was intended as a companion piece to Robinson's 1965 hit with the Miracles, \"Ooo Baby Baby\", and its inclusion on \"Extra Texture\" contributed to that album's standing as Harrison's soul music album.", "Ooh Baby (You Know That I Love You) __knowledge__ His impersonation of Robinson's celebrated vocal style on the track, including portions sung in falsetto, contrasted with Harrison's hoarse, laryngitis-marred singing on his 1974 North American tour and the poorly received \"Dark Horse\" album.", "Out-of-home advertising __knowledge__ Out-of-home media advertising (also OOH advertising or outdoor advertising) or out-of-home media (also OOH media or outdoor media) is advertising that reaches the consumers while they are outside their homes.", "Out-of-home advertising __knowledge__ Out-of-home media advertising is focused on marketing to consumers when they are \"on the go\" in public places, in transit, waiting (such as in a medical office), and/or in specific commercial locations (such as in a retail venue).", "Out-of-home advertising __knowledge__ OOH advertising formats fall into six main categories: billboards, street, roads, highways, transit, and alternative.", "Out-of-home advertising __knowledge__ The OOH advertising industry in the United States includes more than 2,100 operators in 50 states representing the major out of home format categories.", "List of Shotokan organizations __knowledge__ This is a list of some of the larger Shotokan karate organizations.", "List of Shotokan organizations __knowledge__ The Japan Karate Association (JKA; \"Nihon Karate Kyokai\" in Japan) was formed in 1949 by several of Gichin Funakoshi's senior students.", "List of Shotokan organizations __knowledge__ The highest rank that Master Funakoshi awarded to his students was 5th Dan (5th degree black belt).", "List of Shotokan organizations __knowledge__ JKA raised the highest rank from 5th Dan to 10th Dan with less strict requirements to obtain each rank.", "List of Shotokan organizations __knowledge__ Takushoku University provided the most members initially, but Hosei, Waseda, Gakushuin, and Keio Universities also contributed members.", "List of Shotokan organizations __knowledge__ Masatoshi Nakayama (1913–1987) led the JKA, with Gichin Funakoshi holding a position equivalent to Professor Emeritus.", "Yoshukai Karate __knowledge__ The three \"kanji\" (Japanese symbols) that make up the word Yoshukai literally translated mean \"Training Hall of Continued Improvement.\"", "Yoshukai Karate __knowledge__ However, the standardized English translation is \"Striving for Excellence.\"", "Yoshukai Karate __knowledge__ Yoshukai Karate has been featured in \"Black Belt Magazine\".", "Yoshukai Karate __knowledge__ The body of fighting and self-defense techniques which became Japanese Karate-do is thought to have originated about a thousand years ago in India and spread from there to China, Okinawa and finally to Japan in the early 1900s.", "Yoshukai Karate __knowledge__ Gichin Funakoshi (Funakoshi Gichin), founder of Shotokan karate, is considered to be most responsible for the systemization and introduction of karate to Japan.", "Full contact karate __knowledge__ Full contact karate is a broad term used to differentiate competition formats of karate where competitors spar (also called Kumite) full-contact and allow a knockout as winning criterion, and those competitions which use light contact/semi contact point sparring where a knockout is regarded as a foul.", "Full contact karate __knowledge__ The term is also used by extension to differentiate between schools/styles of karate dedicated to such full contact competitions, and schools/styles that are not.", "Full contact karate __knowledge__ Full contact karate competition comes in several, and sometimes very different, formats.", "Full contact karate __knowledge__ These different formats have different histories and were developed for the art of karate at different times in different places.", "List of The Karate Kid characters __knowledge__ This list of \"The Karate Kid\" characters consists of fictional characters from the films \"The Karate Kid\", \"The Karate Kid Part II\", \"The Karate Kid Part III\", \"The Next Karate Kid\" and the 2010 remake.", "List of The Karate Kid characters __knowledge__ Daniel LaRusso (Ralph Macchio) The main character of \"The Karate Kid\" film series, with the exception of the fourth installment, \"The Next Karate Kid\".", "List of The Karate Kid characters __knowledge__ LaRusso's mother is Lucille LaRusso.", "List of The Karate Kid characters __knowledge__ Due to his mom's job transfer, Daniel and his mom move to Los Angeles where Daniel was bullied by the Cobra Kai.", "List of The Karate Kid characters __knowledge__ After nearly being killed on Halloween night by the Cobra Kai after a prank gone wrong, Daniel is saved by his apartment's maintenance man, Keisuke Miyagi.", "Israel Defense Forces __knowledge__ The Israel Defense Forces (IDF; , \"lit.\"", "Israel Defense Forces __knowledge__ \"The Army of Defense for Israel\"; ), commonly known in Israel by the Hebrew acronym \"Tzahal\" (), are the military forces of the State of Israel.", "Israel Defense Forces __knowledge__ They consist of the ground forces, air force, and navy.", "Israel Defense Forces __knowledge__ It is the sole military wing of the Israeli security forces, and has no civilian jurisdiction within Israel.", "Israel Defense Forces __knowledge__ The IDF is headed by its Chief of General Staff, the \"Ramatkal\", subordinate to the Defense Minister of Israel; Lieutenant general (\"Rav Aluf\") Gadi Eizenkot has served as Chief of Staff since 2015.", "Israel Defense Forces __knowledge__ An order from Defense Minister David Ben-Gurion on 26 May 1948 officially set up the Israel Defense Forces as a conscript army formed out of the paramilitary group Haganah, incorporating the militant groups Irgun and Lehi.", "History of Israel __knowledge__ Modern Israel is roughly located on the site of the ancient kingdoms of Israel and Judah.", "History of Israel __knowledge__ The area (also known as Land of Israel and as Palestine) is the birthplace of the Hebrew language, the place that the Hebrew Bible was composed and the birthplace of Judaism and Christianity.", "History of Israel __knowledge__ It contains sites sacred to Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Samaritanism, Druze and the Bahá'í Faith.", "History of Israel __knowledge__ The Land of Israel has come under the sway of various empires and has been home to a variety of ethnicities, but was predominantly Jewish from roughly 1,000 years before the Common Era (BCE) until the 3rd century of the Common Era (CE).", "Origins of the Six-Day War __knowledge__ The origins of the Six-Day War, which was fought between June 5 and June 10, 1967 by Israel and the neighboring states of Egypt (known then as the United Arab Republic, UAR), Jordan, and Syria, include both longstanding and immediate issues.", "Origins of the Six-Day War __knowledge__ At the time of the Six-Day War, the earlier foundation of Israel, the resulting Palestinian refugee issue, and Israel's participation in the invasion of Egypt during the Suez crisis of 1956 continued to be significant grievances for the Arab world.", "Origins of the Six-Day War __knowledge__ Arab nationalists, led by Egyptian President Gamal Abdel Nasser, continued to be hostile to Israel's existence and made grave threats against its Jewish population.", "Israel–United States relations __knowledge__ Israel–United States relations are a very important factor in the United States government's overall policy in the Middle East, and Congress has placed considerable importance on the maintenance of a close and supportive relationship.", "Israel–United States relations __knowledge__ The main expression of Congressional support for Israel has been foreign aid.", "Israel–United States relations __knowledge__ Since 1985, it has provided nearly US$3 billion in grants annually to Israel, with Israel being the largest annual recipient of American aid from 1976 to 2004 and the largest cumulative recipient of aid ($121 billion, not inflation-adjusted) since World War II.", "Israel–United States relations __knowledge__ Seventy-four percent of these funds must be spent purchasing US goods and services.", "Gaza War (2008–09) __knowledge__ The Gaza War, also known as Operation Cast Lead (), also known as the Gaza Massacre () and the Battle of al-Furqan () by Hamas, was a three-week armed conflict between Palestinians in the Gaza Strip and Israel that began on 27 December 2008 and ended on 18 January 2009 in a unilateral ceasefire.", "Gaza War (2008–09) __knowledge__ Israel's stated goal was to stop indiscriminate Palestinian rocket fire into Israel and weapons smuggling into the Gaza strip.", "Gaza War (2008–09) __knowledge__ Israeli forces attacked police stations, military targets including weapons caches and suspected rocket firing teams, as well as political and administrative institutions in the opening assault, striking in the densely populated cities of Gaza, Khan Yunis and Rafah.", "Israel __knowledge__ Israel (; ; ), officially the State of Israel, is a country in the Middle East, on the southeastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea and the northern shore of the Red Sea.", "Israel __knowledge__ It has land borders with Lebanon to the north, Syria to the northeast, Jordan on the east, the Palestinian territories of the West Bank and Gaza Strip to the east and west, respectively, and Egypt to the southwest.", "Israel __knowledge__ The country contains geographically diverse features within its relatively small area.", "Israel __knowledge__ Israel's economy and technology center is Tel Aviv, while its seat of government and proclaimed capital is Jerusalem, although the state's sovereignty over East Jerusalem is not recognised internationally.", "Japan Self-Defense Forces __knowledge__ The , or JSDF, occasionally referred to as JSF, JDF, or SDF, are the unified military forces of Japan that were established in 1954, and are controlled by the Ministry of Defense.", "Japan Self-Defense Forces __knowledge__ In recent years they have been engaged in international peacekeeping operations including UN peacekeeping.", "Japan Self-Defense Forces __knowledge__ Recent tensions, particularly with North Korea, have reignited the debate over the status of the JSDF and its relation to Japanese society.", "Japan Self-Defense Forces __knowledge__ New military guidelines, announced in December 2010, will direct the JSDF away from its Cold War focus on the former Soviet Union to a focus on China, especially regarding the territorial dispute over the Senkaku Islands, while increasing cooperation with the United States, South Korea, Australia and India." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga (; , \"lit.\"", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ \"contact-combat\") is a military self-defence and fighting system developed for the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) and Israeli security forces (Shin Bet and Mossad) that derived from a combination of techniques sourced from Boxing, Wrestling, Aikido, Judo, Karate along with realistic fight training.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga is known for its focus on real-world situations and its extreme efficiency.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ It was derived from the street-fighting experience of Hungarian-Israeli martial artist Imi Lichtenfeld, who made use of his training as a boxer and wrestler as a means of defending the Jewish quarter against fascist groups in Bratislava, Czechoslovakia, in the mid-to-late 1930s.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ In the late 1940s, following his migration to Israel, he began to provide lessons on combat training to what was to become the IDF.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ From the outset, the original concept of Krav Maga was to take the most simple and practical techniques of other fighting styles (originally European boxing, wrestling and street fighting) and to make them rapidly teachable to military conscripts.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga has a philosophy emphasizing aggression, and simultaneous defensive and offensive maneuvers.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga has been used by the Israel Defense Forces' special forces units, the security apparatus, and by regular infantry units.", "Swiss Army knife __knowledge__ The Swiss Army knife is a pocketknife or multi-tool manufactured by Victorinox AG (and up to 2005 also by Wenger SA).", "Swiss Army knife __knowledge__ The term \"Swiss Army knife\" was coined by American soldiers after World War II due to the difficulty they had in pronouncing \"Offiziersmesser\", the German name.", "Swiss Army knife __knowledge__ The Swiss Army knife generally has a main spearpoint blade, as well as various tools, such as screwdrivers, a can opener, and many others.", "Swiss Army knife __knowledge__ These attachments are stowed inside the handle of the knife through a pivot point mechanism.", "Swiss Army knife __knowledge__ The handle is usually in its stereotypical red color, and features a Victorinox or Wenger \"cross\" logo or, for Swiss military issue knives, the coat of arms of Switzerland.", "Wenger __knowledge__ Wenger is one of two companies that have manufactured Swiss Army knives.", "Wenger __knowledge__ Based in Delémont, Wenger was acquired by rival Victorinox in 2005.", "Wenger __knowledge__ Since 2013, Wenger Swiss Army knives are integrated in the Victorinox collection (as the \"Delémont collection\"); the brand Wenger remains for watches and licensed products.", "Wenger __knowledge__ The history of Wenger S.A. is strongly linked to the history of the Swiss Army knife.", "Wenger __knowledge__ Founded 1893 at Courtetelle in the Delémont valley in the Canton of Jura, the industrial cutlery house of Paul Boechat & Cie (the future Wenger) received a contract from the Swiss Army to produce knives as the second industrial cutlery manufacturer of Switzerland.", "Victorinox __knowledge__ Victorinox () is a knife manufacturer based in the town of Ibach, in the Canton of Schwyz, Switzerland.", "Victorinox __knowledge__ It is well known for its Swiss Army knives.", "Victorinox __knowledge__ The Swiss Army knives made by Victorinox are made of Swedish steel from Sandvik.", "Victorinox __knowledge__ Since its acquisition of rival Wenger in 2005, it has become the sole supplier of multi-purpose knives to the Swiss army.", "Victorinox __knowledge__ It is the biggest manufacturer of pocket knives in the world; in addition, the company licenses its logo for watches, apparel, and travel gear.", "Victorinox __knowledge__ The company was founded in 1884.", "Victorinox __knowledge__ Since 1891, the company has delivered knives to the Swiss army.", "Victorinox __knowledge__ Their emblem—a cross in a shield—has been used by Victorinox since 1909.", "Pocketknife __knowledge__ A pocketknife is a foldable knife with one or more blades that fit inside the handle that can still fit in a pocket.", "Pocketknife __knowledge__ It is also known as a \"jackknife\" or \"jack-knife\".", "Pocketknife __knowledge__ A typical blade length is .", "Pocketknife __knowledge__ Pocket knives are versatile tools, and may be used for anything from opening an envelope, to cutting twine, slicing a piece of fruit or even as a means of self-defense.", "Pocketknife __knowledge__ The earliest known pocketknives date to at least the early Iron Age.", "Pocketknife __knowledge__ A pocketknife with a bone handle was found at the Hallstatt Culture type site in Austria, dating to around 600-500 BCE.", "Pocketknife __knowledge__ Iberian folding-blade knives made by indigenous artisans and craftsmen and dating to the pre-Roman era have been found in Spain.", "Andrea Brand __knowledge__ Andrea Hilary Brand (born March 9, 1959) FRS FMedSci is the Herchel Smith Professor of Molecular Biology and a Fellow of Jesus College, Cambridge.", "Andrea Brand __knowledge__ She heads a lab investigating nervous system development at the Gurdon Institute and the Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience.", "Andrea Brand __knowledge__ She developed the GAL4/UAS system with Norbert Perrimon which has been described as “a fly geneticist's Swiss army knife”.", "Andrea Brand __knowledge__ Brand was born in the U.S., where her father was an economist at the United Nations in New York.", "Andrea Brand __knowledge__ She graduated from the UN International School in New York and in 1977, inspired by the work of Rosalind Franklin, she moved to Britain to study biochemistry at the University of Oxford.", "MacGyver (1985 TV series) __knowledge__ MacGyver is an American action-adventure television series created by Lee David Zlotoff and starring Richard Dean Anderson as the title character.", "MacGyver (1985 TV series) __knowledge__ Henry Winkler and John Rich were the executive producers.", "MacGyver (1985 TV series) __knowledge__ The show ran for seven seasons on ABC in the United States and various other networks abroad from 1985 to 1992.", "MacGyver (1985 TV series) __knowledge__ The series was filmed in Los Angeles during seasons one, two, and seven, and in Vancouver during seasons three through six.", "MacGyver (1985 TV series) __knowledge__ The show's final episode aired on April 25, 1992 on ABC (the network aired a previously unseen episode for the first time on May 21, 1992, but it was originally intended to air before the series finale).", "Tendres Cousines __knowledge__ Tendres Cousines (English: \"Tender Cousins\") is an 1980 French film directed by David Hamilton.", "Tendres Cousines __knowledge__ The film was released as Cousins in Love in the United Kingdom.", "Tendres Cousines __knowledge__ The story begins on 5 July 1939.", "Tendres Cousines __knowledge__ The film opens with a narration by Julien, who states that he is going on 15, and that he is in love with his cousin Julia, and also that Julia's younger sister, Poune, is in love with him.", "Tendres Cousines __knowledge__ His self-obsessed sister Claire is about to marry for money.", "Tendres Cousines __knowledge__ He lives with his mother who has taken on boarders due to financial difficulties: a German professor who fled the Nazis, his daughter, and a fading actress, Clementine.", "Mixed martial arts __knowledge__ Mixed martial arts (MMA) is a full-contact combat sport that allows both striking and grappling, both standing and on the ground, using techniques from other combat sports and martial arts.", "Mixed martial arts __knowledge__ The first documented use of the term \"mixed martial arts\" was in a review of UFC 1 by television critic Howard Rosenberg in 1993.", "Mixed martial arts __knowledge__ The term gained popularity when newfullcontact.com, then one of the largest websites covering the sport, hosted and republished the article.", "Mixed martial arts __knowledge__ The question of who actually coined the term is subject to debate.", "Mixed martial arts __knowledge__ During the early 20th century, various mixed-style contests took place throughout Japan, Taiwan and in the countries of the Four Asian Tigers.", "Yoseikan budō __knowledge__ Yoseikan budō () may be classified as a \"sōgō budō\" form (, \"composite\" or \"comprehensive\" martial art), but is used here to indicate a martial art into which various martial ways have been integrated.", "Yoseikan budō __knowledge__ It is probably most widely known for its connection to a pre-war style of \"aikido\"; however, it has important connections to judo, karate, western boxing, savate and a traditional form of Japanese armed combat known as Tenshin Shōden Katori Shintō-ryū.", "Yoseikan budō __knowledge__ The name of the art \"yō-sei-kan\" is derived from three Japanese characters, \"yō\" meaning 'teaching', \"sei\" meaning \"truth\", \"kan\" meaning \"place\", which may be translated roughly into English as \"the place where the truth is taught\" or alternately \"place for practising what is right\".", "Yoseikan Aikido __knowledge__ Yoseikan Aikido (養正館合気道 \"Yoseikan Aikidō\") is the aikido taught at the Yoseikan Dojo in Shizuoka, Japan, under the direction of Minoru Mochizuki (望月 稔 \"Mōchizuki Minoru\", 1907–2003).", "Yoseikan Aikido __knowledge__ Mochizuki was a direct student of aikido's founder, Morihei Ueshiba.", "Yoseikan Aikido __knowledge__ He was an uchi deshi (live-in student) from around November 1930, to around August 1931.", "Yoseikan Aikido __knowledge__ Mochizuki maintained contact with Ueshiba until the latter's death in 1969.", "Yoseikan Aikido __knowledge__ In the 1970s Yoseikan Aikido was formally organised into Yoseikan Budo along with the other arts Mochizuki had studied and mastered, including judo, karate, Tenshin Shoden Katori Shinto-ryu, jujutsu, kobudo, iaido, kendo, jojutsu, and Mongolian kempo.", "Alan Ruddock __knowledge__ Alan Ruddock (10 January 1944 – 2 April 2012) was an Irish Martial Arts pioneer, teacher and writer.", "Alan Ruddock __knowledge__ He introduced both Aikido & Karate to Ireland and was the founder of the \"Aiki no Michi\" and its interpretation of Aikido.", "Alan Ruddock __knowledge__ Ruddock was one of the few western Aikido practitioners and only Irish national who studied directly under the founder of Aikido, Morihei Ueshiba (\"O-Sensei\").", "Alan Ruddock __knowledge__ Alan Thomas Ruddock was born in Dublin in 1944.", "Alan Ruddock __knowledge__ At age thirteen he found a book on Judo and from there his martial arts interest developed, he soon heard about Karate but there were no dojos or instructors at that time in Ireland so he trained with school friends .", "Martial arts __knowledge__ Martial arts are codified systems and traditions of combat practices, which are practiced for a number of reasons: as self-defense, military and law enforcement applications, mental and spiritual development; as well as entertainment and the preservation of a nation's intangible cultural heritage.", "Martial arts __knowledge__ Although the term \"martial art\" has become associated with the fighting arts of eastern Asia, it originally referred to the combat systems of Europe as early as the 1550s.", "Martial arts __knowledge__ The term is derived from Latin, and means \"arts of Mars\", the Roman god of war.", "Martial arts __knowledge__ Some authors have argued that fighting arts or fighting systems would be more appropriate on the basis that many martial arts were never \"martial\" in the sense of being used or created by professional warriors.", "Danzan-ryū __knowledge__ For a Danzan-ryū syllabus, see Danzan-ryū Lists.", "Danzan-ryū __knowledge__ Seishiro Okazaki was born in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan in 1890.", "Danzan-ryū __knowledge__ In 1906, he immigrated to the island of Hawaii.", "Danzan-ryū __knowledge__ Soon after, he was afflicted with a pulmonary condition which may have been tuberculosis.", "Danzan-ryū __knowledge__ It was during this time, however, that young Okazaki began studying under Yōshin-ryū jujutsu sensei by the name of Yoshimatsu Tanaka in Hilo, Hawaii.", "Danzan-ryū __knowledge__ Okazaki intensely pursued his studies under Tanaka and he found after sometime that his respiratory condition had gone into remission.", "Danzan-ryū __knowledge__ Okazaki felt that the study of martial arts had played a large role in his physical recovery and as a result he decided to dedicate his life to the study and teaching of jujitsu and related disciplines." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 2, 8 ]

[ "Do you know anything about Krav Maga? A friend was telling me about it. I was thinking of looking for some classes. ", "Ha, no, it is a military self-defense thing, it was developed in Israel. ", "It actually involves some karate, but also boxing, wrestling, aikido, judo, and just general fight training. ", "I think it must work pretty well -- the Israeli special forces units use it! So does their security apparatus and their regular infantry. Impressive, right?" ]

[ "Krav Maga", "Krav Maga", "Krav Maga", "Krav Maga" ]

[ "Extra (acting)", "no but i have thought about it", "it would be fun!", "do they get paid?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ A background actor or extra is a performer in a film, television show, stage, musical, opera or ballet production, who appears in a nonspeaking or nonsinging (silent) capacity, usually in the background (for example, in an audience or busy street scene).", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ War films and epic films often employ background actors in large numbers: some films have featured hundreds or even thousands of paid background actors as cast members (hence the term \"cast of thousands\").", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ Likewise, grand opera can involve many background actors appearing in spectacular productions.", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ On a film or TV set, background actors are usually referred to as \"background talent\", \"background performers\", \"background artists\", \"background cast members\" or simply \"background\", while the term \"extra\" is rarely used.", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ In a stage production, background actors are commonly referred to as \"supernumeraries\".", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ In opera and ballet, they are called either \"extras\" or \"supers\".", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ Casting criteria for background actors depend on the production.", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ It has been said that background cast members often require little or no acting experience.", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ This is not entirely true, as any type of unrealistic portrayal must include some form of imagination and acting." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ A background actor or extra is a performer in a film, television show, stage, musical, opera or ballet production, who appears in a nonspeaking or nonsinging (silent) capacity, usually in the background (for example, in an audience or busy street scene).", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ War films and epic films often employ background actors in large numbers: some films have featured hundreds or even thousands of paid background actors as cast members (hence the term \"cast of thousands\").", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ Likewise, grand opera can involve many background actors appearing in spectacular productions.", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ On a film or TV set, background actors are usually referred to as \"background talent\", \"background performers\", \"background artists\", \"background cast members\" or simply \"background\", while the term \"extra\" is rarely used.", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ In a stage production, background actors are commonly referred to as \"supernumeraries\".", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ In opera and ballet, they are called either \"extras\" or \"supers\".", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ Casting criteria for background actors depend on the production.", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ It has been said that background cast members often require little or no acting experience.", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ This is not entirely true, as any type of unrealistic portrayal must include some form of imagination and acting.", "Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet __knowledge__ Field Marshal Sir Henry Hughes Wilson, 1st Baronet, (5 May 1864 – 22 June 1922) was one of the most senior British Army staff officers of the First World War and was briefly an Irish unionist politician.", "Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet __knowledge__ Wilson served as Commandant of the Staff College, Camberley, and then as Director of Military Operations at the War Office, in which post he played a vital role in drawing up plans to deploy an Expeditionary Force to France in the event of war.", "Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet __knowledge__ During these years Wilson acquired a reputation as a political intriguer for his role in agitating for the introduction of conscription and in the Curragh incident of 1914, when he encouraged senior officers to resign rather than move against the Ulster Volunteers (UVF).", "Thought experiment __knowledge__ A thought experiment (, \"Gedanken-Experiment\" or \"Gedankenerfahrung\") considers some hypothesis, theory, or principle for the purpose of thinking through its consequences.", "Thought experiment __knowledge__ Given the structure of the experiment, it may not be possible to perform it, and even if it could be performed, there need not be an intention to perform it.", "Thought experiment __knowledge__ The common goal of a thought experiment is to explore the potential consequences of the principle in question: \"A thought experiment is a device with which one performs an intentional, structured process of intellectual deliberation in order to speculate, within a specifiable problem domain, about potential consequents (or antecedents) for a designated antecedent (or consequent)\" (Yeates, 2004, p. 150).", "Thought insertion __knowledge__ Thought insertion is defined by the ICD-10 as feeling as if one's thoughts are not one's own, but rather belong to someone else and have been inserted into one's mind.", "Thought insertion __knowledge__ The person experiencing thought insertion will not necessarily know where the thought is coming from, but makes a distinction between their own thoughts and those inserted into their minds.", "Thought insertion __knowledge__ However, patients do not experience all thoughts as inserted; only certain ones, normally following a similar content or pattern.", "Thought insertion __knowledge__ This phenomenon is classified as a delusion.", "Thought insertion __knowledge__ A person with this delusional belief is convinced of the veracity of their beliefs and is unwilling to accept such diagnosis.", "Unconscious thought theory __knowledge__ Unconscious thought theory (UTT) posits that the unconscious mind is capable of performing tasks outside of one's awareness, and that unconscious thought (UT) is better at solving complex tasks, where many variables are considered, than conscious thought (CT), but is outperformed by conscious thought in tasks with fewer variables.", "Unconscious thought theory __knowledge__ It was proposed by Ap Dijksterhuis and Loran Nordgren in 2006.", "Unconscious thought theory __knowledge__ The theory is based primarily on findings from comparing subjects presented with a complex decision (for instance which of several apartments is the best?", "Unconscious thought theory __knowledge__ ), and allowed either (1).", "Unconscious thought theory __knowledge__ very little time, (2).", "Unconscious thought theory __knowledge__ ample time, or (3), ample time but are distracted and thereby prevented from devoting conscious attentional resources to it.", "New Thought __knowledge__ The New Thought movement (also \"Higher Thought\") is a religious movement which developed in the United States in the 19th century, considered by many to have been derived from the unpublished writings of Phineas Quimby.", "New Thought __knowledge__ There are numerous smaller groups, most of which are incorporated in the International New Thought Alliance.", "New Thought __knowledge__ New Thought holds that \"Infinite Intelligence\", or God, is everywhere, spirit is the totality of real things, true human selfhood is divine, divine thought is a force for good, sickness originates in the mind, and \"right thinking\" has a healing effect.", "New Thought __knowledge__ Although New Thought is neither monolithic nor doctrinaire, in general, modern-day adherents of New Thought share some core beliefs: The New Thought movement originated in the early 19th century, and survives to the current day in the form of a loosely allied group of religious denominations, authors, philosophers, and individuals who share a set of beliefs concerning metaphysics, positive thinking, the law of attraction, healing, life force, creative visualization, and personal power.", "Thought-Forms (book) __knowledge__ Thought-Forms: A Record of Clairvoyant Investigation is a theosophical book compiled by the members of the Theosophical Society A. Besant and C. W. Leadbeater.", "Thought-Forms (book) __knowledge__ It was originally published in 1901 in London.", "Thought-Forms (book) __knowledge__ From the standpoint of Theosophy, it tells regarding visualization of thoughts, experiences, emotions and music.", "Thought-Forms (book) __knowledge__ Drawings of the \"thought-forms\" were performed by painters Varley, Prince, and McFarlane.", "Thought-Forms (book) __knowledge__ This book has become the result of the joint work of the authors, which began in 1895, when they had started an investigation of \"the subtle matter of the universe.\"", "Thought-Forms (book) __knowledge__ They were interested the work of the human mind as, according their claim, this work \"extrudes into the external world\" the thought-forms.", "William Walker Atkinson __knowledge__ William Walker Atkinson (December 5, 1862 – November 22, 1932) was an attorney, merchant, publisher, and author, as well as an occultist and an American pioneer of the New Thought movement.", "William Walker Atkinson __knowledge__ He is also thought to be the author of the pseudonymous works attributed to Theron Q. Dumont and Yogi Ramacharaka.", "William Walker Atkinson __knowledge__ He wrote an estimated 100 books, all in the last 30 years of his life.", "William Walker Atkinson __knowledge__ He was mentioned in past editions of \"Who's Who in America\", in \"Religious Leaders of America\", and in several similar publications.", "William Walker Atkinson __knowledge__ His works have remained in print more or less continuously since 1900.", "William Walker Atkinson __knowledge__ William Walker Atkinson was born in Baltimore, Maryland on December 5, 1862, to Emma and William Atkinson.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ The films listed below have been cited by a variety of notable critics in varying media sources as being among the worst films ever made.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ Examples of such sources include Metacritic, Roger Ebert's list of most-hated films, \"The Golden Turkey Awards\", \"Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide\", Rotten Tomatoes, the Stinkers Bad Movie Awards, \"Mystery Science Theater 3000\", and the Golden Raspberry Awards (\"Razzies\").", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ \"Reefer Madness\" (originally released as \"Tell Your Children\" and sometimes titled or subtitled as \"The Burning Question\", \"Dope Addict\", \"Doped Youth\", and \"Love Madness\") is a 1936 American exploitation film and propaganda work revolving around the melodramatic events that ensue when high school students are lured by pushers to try marijuana—from a hit and run accident, to manslaughter, suicide, attempted rape, and descent into madness.", "The Life and Death of 9413: a Hollywood Extra __knowledge__ The Life and Death of 9413: a Hollywood Extra is a 1928 American silent experimental short film co-written and co-directed by Robert Florey and Slavko Vorkapić.", "The Life and Death of 9413: a Hollywood Extra __knowledge__ Considered a landmark of American avant-garde cinema, it tells the story of a man (Jules Raucourt) who comes to Hollywood with dreams of becoming a star, only to fail and become dehumanized, with studio executives reducing him to the role of extra and writing the number \"9413\" on his forehead.", "The Life and Death of 9413: a Hollywood Extra __knowledge__ The film's visual style includes abrupt cuts, rapid camera movement, extensive superimposition, dim lighting, and shapes and forms in twisted and disoriented angles.", "Steven Spielberg __knowledge__ Steven Allan Spielberg (born December 18, 1946) is an American director, producer, and screenwriter.", "Steven Spielberg __knowledge__ He is considered one of the founding pioneers of the New Hollywood era, as well as being viewed as one of the most popular directors and producers in film history.", "Steven Spielberg __knowledge__ He is also one of the co-founders of DreamWorks Studios.", "Steven Spielberg __knowledge__ In a career spanning more than four decades, Spielberg's films have spanned many themes and genres.", "Steven Spielberg __knowledge__ Spielberg's early science-fiction and adventure films, such as \"Jaws\" (1975), \"Close Encounters of the Third Kind\" (1977), \"Raiders of the Lost Ark\" (1981), and \"E.T.", "Steven Spielberg __knowledge__ the Extra-Terrestrial\" (1982), were seen as archetypes of modern Hollywood escapist filmmaking.", "Star Wars (film) __knowledge__ Star Wars (later retitled Star Wars: Episode IV – A New Hope) is a 1977 American epic space opera film written and directed by George Lucas.", "Star Wars (film) __knowledge__ It is the first film in the original \"Star Wars\" trilogy and the beginning of the \"Star Wars\" franchise.", "Star Wars (film) __knowledge__ Starring Mark Hamill, Harrison Ford, Carrie Fisher, Peter Cushing, Alec Guinness, David Prowse, James Earl Jones, Anthony Daniels, Kenny Baker, and Peter Mayhew, the film's plot focuses on the Rebel Alliance, led by Princess Leia (Fisher), and its attempt to destroy the Galactic Empire's space station, the Death Star.", "Star Wars (film) __knowledge__ This conflict disrupts the isolated life of farmhand Luke Skywalker (Hamill), who inadvertently acquires two droids that possess stolen architectural plans for the Death Star.", "History of the FA Cup __knowledge__ The history of the FA Cup in association football dates back to 1871–72.", "History of the FA Cup __knowledge__ Aside from suspensions during the First and Second World Wars, the competition has been played every year since.", "History of the FA Cup __knowledge__ On 20 July 1871, in the offices of The Sportsman newspaper, C. W. Alcock proposed to The Football Association committee that \"it is desirable that a Challenge Cup should be established in connection with the Association for which all clubs belonging to the Association should be invited to compete\".", "History of the FA Cup __knowledge__ The other committee members were: The proposition was carried.", "History of the FA Cup __knowledge__ The inaugural FA Cup tournament kicked off in November 1871.", "Penalty shoot-out (association football) __knowledge__ A penalty shoot-out (officially kicks from the penalty mark) is a method of determining which team advances or is awarded the championship of an association football match that cannot end in a draw but where the score is tied after the regulation playing time as well as extra time (if used) have expired.", "Penalty shoot-out (association football) __knowledge__ In a penalty shoot-out, each team takes turns attempting a specified number of shots on the goal from the penalty mark (5 in FIFA-governed football) that are defended only by the opposing team's goalkeeper, with the team that makes more successful kicks being declared the winner of the match.", "Penalty shoot-out (association football) __knowledge__ Balls successfully kicked into the goal during a shoot-out do not count as goals for the individual kickers or the team, and are tallied separately from the goals scored during normal play (including extra time, if any).", "Stanley Kubrick __knowledge__ Stanley Kubrick (; July 26, 1928 – March 7, 1999) was an American film director, screenwriter, and producer.", "Stanley Kubrick __knowledge__ He is frequently cited as one of the greatest and most influential directors in cinematic history.", "Stanley Kubrick __knowledge__ His films, which are mostly adaptations of novels or short stories, cover a wide range of genres, and are noted for their realism, dark humor, unique cinematography, extensive set designs, and evocative use of music.", "Stanley Kubrick __knowledge__ Kubrick was raised in the Bronx, New York City, and attended William Howard Taft High School from 1941 to 1945.", "Stanley Kubrick __knowledge__ Although he only received average grades, Kubrick displayed a keen interest in literature, photography, and film from a young age, and taught himself all aspects of film production and directing after graduating from high school." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ A background actor or extra is a performer in a film, television show, stage, musical, opera or ballet production, who appears in a nonspeaking or nonsinging (silent) capacity, usually in the background (for example, in an audience or busy street scene).", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ War films and epic films often employ background actors in large numbers: some films have featured hundreds or even thousands of paid background actors as cast members (hence the term \"cast of thousands\").", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ Likewise, grand opera can involve many background actors appearing in spectacular productions.", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ On a film or TV set, background actors are usually referred to as \"background talent\", \"background performers\", \"background artists\", \"background cast members\" or simply \"background\", while the term \"extra\" is rarely used.", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ In a stage production, background actors are commonly referred to as \"supernumeraries\".", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ In opera and ballet, they are called either \"extras\" or \"supers\".", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ Casting criteria for background actors depend on the production.", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ It has been said that background cast members often require little or no acting experience.", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ This is not entirely true, as any type of unrealistic portrayal must include some form of imagination and acting.", "Fun Home __knowledge__ Fun Home: A Family Tragicomic is a 2006 graphic memoir by the American cartoonist Alison Bechdel, author of the comic strip \"Dykes to Watch Out For\".", "Fun Home __knowledge__ It chronicles the author's childhood and youth in rural Pennsylvania, United States, focusing on her complex relationship with her father.", "Fun Home __knowledge__ The book addresses themes of sexual orientation, gender roles, suicide, emotional abuse, dysfunctional family life, and the role of literature in understanding oneself and one's family.", "Fun Home __knowledge__ Writing and illustrating \"Fun Home\" took seven years, in part because of Bechdel's laborious artistic process, which includes photographing herself in poses for each human figure.", "Fun __knowledge__ Fun is the enjoyment of pleasure, particularly in leisure activities.", "Fun __knowledge__ Fun is an experience — often unexpected, informal, generally not cerebral and generally purposeless.", "Fun __knowledge__ It is an enjoyable distraction, diverting the mind and body from any serious task or contributing an extra dimension to it.", "Fun __knowledge__ Although particularly associated with recreation and play, fun may be encountered during work, social functions, and even seemingly mundane activities of daily living.", "Fun __knowledge__ It may often have little to no logical basis, and opinions on whether an activity is fun may differ.", "Fun __knowledge__ A distinction between enjoyment and fun is difficult but possible to articulate, fun being a more spontaneous, playful, or active event.", "Fun (band) __knowledge__ Fun (stylized as fun.)", "Fun (band) __knowledge__ were an American pop rock band based in New York City.", "Fun (band) __knowledge__ The band was formed by Nate Ruess (former lead singer of The Format), with Andrew Dost (of Anathallo), and Jack Antonoff (of Steel Train and Bleachers).", "Fun (band) __knowledge__ Fun has released two albums: \"Aim and Ignite\" in August 2009 and \"Some Nights\" in February 2012.", "Fun (band) __knowledge__ The band is best known for three hit singles from \"Some Nights\": Grammy Award-winning \"We Are Young\" (featuring Janelle Monáe), \"Some Nights\", and \"Carry On\".", "Fun (band) __knowledge__ \"We Are Young\" reached number one on the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100 and Digital Songs charts.", "Fun (band) __knowledge__ It also peaked at number one in the United Kingdom.", "Fun School __knowledge__ Fun School is the name of a series of educational packages developed and published in the United Kingdom by Europress Software, initially as \"Database Educational Software\".", "Fun School __knowledge__ The original Fun School titles were sold mostly by mail order via off-the-page adverts in the magazines owned by Database Publications.", "Fun School __knowledge__ A decision was made to create a new set of programs, call the range Fun School 2, and package them more professionally so they could be sold in computer stores around the UK.", "Fun School __knowledge__ Every game comes as a set of three versions, each version set to cater for a specific age range.", "Fun School __knowledge__ \"Fun School 1\" is the first set of educational games, created in 1984 by Database Educational Software for the Acorn Electron and BBC Micro computers.", "Mandatory Fun __knowledge__ Mandatory Fun is the fourteenth studio album by American musician \"Weird Al\" Yankovic.", "Mandatory Fun __knowledge__ Self-produced, the album was released by RCA Records in the United States on July 15, 2014.", "Mandatory Fun __knowledge__ Yankovic had previously released \"Alpocalypse\" in 2011, and toured in support of it when he first spoke of his next record.", "Mandatory Fun __knowledge__ When he began to work on what would become \"Mandatory Fun\", Yankovic found himself listening to older acts, many of which he would stylistically spoof on the album.", "Mandatory Fun __knowledge__ Recorded at studios in Los Angeles and Massachusetts from 2012 to 2014, the album contains twelve songs, which include parodies of songs by Pharrell Williams, Robin Thicke, Iggy Azalea, Lorde and Imagine Dragons.", "Fun Ho! Toys __knowledge__ Fun-Ho!", "Fun Ho! Toys __knowledge__ Toys were a brand of diecast toy cars and trucks manufactured and distributed by Underwood Engineering Co. Ltd. of Inglewood, New Zealand.", "Fun Ho! Toys __knowledge__ Production was started by Jack Underwood about 1935 and continued until 1982.", "Fun Ho! Toys __knowledge__ Since this time reproductions have been made also in Inglewood (Taranaki) at the Fun Ho!", "Fun Ho! Toys __knowledge__ Toys Museum (Fun Ho!", "Fun Ho! Toys __knowledge__ 2015).", "Fun Ho! Toys __knowledge__ Currently toys are occasionally cast as museum memorabilia using original molding plates and boxes.", "Fun Ho! Toys __knowledge__ The name was always portrayed with the exclamation following Fun Ho!", "Fun Ho! Toys __knowledge__ The earliest Fun Ho!", "Fun Ho! Toys __knowledge__ race cars made in the late 1930s were mostly generic midget, sprint, and salt flat cars of simple casting with two axles, and four rubber wheels (sometimes the rubber was white).", "Fun House (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ Fun House is an American children's television game show that aired from September 5, 1988 to April 13, 1991.", "Fun House (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ The first two seasons aired in daily syndication, with the Fox network picking it up and renaming it \"Fox's Fun House\" for its third and final season.", "Fun House (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ Similar in format to \"Double Dare\" airing at the time, \"Fun House\" saw two teams competing against each other answering questions and taking part in messy games with the winners running through an obstacle course (the titular \"Fun House\") at the end of the show.", "Fun House (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ \"Fun House\" was hosted for its entire run by J. D. Roth.", "Fun House (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ He was assisted by twin cheerleaders and sisters Jacqueline \"Jackie\" and Samantha \"Sammi\" Forrest, who each cheered on one of the teams, and the show's announcer.", "War film __knowledge__ War film is a film genre concerned with warfare, typically about naval, air, or land battles, with combat scenes central to the drama.", "War film __knowledge__ It has been strongly associated with the 20th century.", "War film __knowledge__ The fateful nature of battle scenes means that war films often end with them.", "War film __knowledge__ Themes explored include combat, survival and escape, sacrifice, the futility and inhumanity of battle, the effects of war on society, and the moral and human issues raised by war.", "War film __knowledge__ War films are often categorized by their milieu, such as the Korean War; the most popular subject is the Second World War.", "War film __knowledge__ The stories told may be fiction, historical drama, or biographical.", "Bollywood __knowledge__ Bollywood, formally known as Hindi cinema, is the Indian Hindi language film industry, based in the city of Mumbai (formerly Bombay), Maharashtra, India.", "Bollywood __knowledge__ Bollywood is part of the larger cinema of India (also known as Indywood), which includes other production centers producing films in other Indian languages.", "Bollywood __knowledge__ Linguistically, Bollywood films tend to use a colloquial dialect of Hindi-Urdu, or Hindustani, mutually intelligible to both Hindi and Urdu speakers, while modern Bollywood films also increasingly incorporate elements of Hinglish.", "Bollywood __knowledge__ Indian cinema is the world's largest film industry in terms of film production, with an annual output of 1,986 feature films as of 2017, and Bollywood is its largest film producer, with 364 Hindi films produced annually as of 2017.", "Science fiction film __knowledge__ Science fiction film (or sci-fi film) is a genre that uses speculative, fictional science-based depictions of phenomena that are not fully accepted by mainstream science, such as extraterrestrial lifeforms, alien worlds, extrasensory perception and time travel, along with futuristic elements such as spacecraft, robots, cyborgs, interstellar travel or other technologies.", "Science fiction film __knowledge__ Science fiction films have often been used to focus on political or social issues, and to explore philosophical issues like the human condition.", "Science fiction film __knowledge__ In many cases, tropes derived from written science fiction may be used by filmmakers ignorant of or at best indifferent to the standards of scientific plausibility and plot logic to which written science fiction is traditionally held.", "Epic film __knowledge__ Epic film is a style of filmmaking with large scale, sweeping scope, and spectacle.", "Epic film __knowledge__ The usage of the term has shifted over time, sometimes designating a film genre and at other times simply synonymous with big budget filmmaking.", "Epic film __knowledge__ Like epics in the classical literary sense it is often focused on a heroic character.", "Epic film __knowledge__ An epic's ambitious nature helps to set it apart from other types of film such as the period piece or adventure film.", "Epic film __knowledge__ Epic historical films would usually take a historical or a mythic event and add an extravagant setting and lavish costumes, accompanied by an expansive musical score with an ensemble cast, which would make them among the most expensive of films to produce.", "History of film __knowledge__ Although the start of the history of film is not clearly defined, the commercial, public screening of ten of Lumière brothers' short films in Paris on 28 December 1895 can be regarded as the breakthrough of projected cinematographic motion pictures.", "History of film __knowledge__ There had been earlier cinematographic results and screenings but these lacked either the quality or the momentum that propelled the cinématographe Lumière into a worldwide success.", "History of film __knowledge__ Soon film production companies were established all over the world.", "History of film __knowledge__ The first decade of motion picture saw film moving from a novelty to an established mass entertainment industry.", "Robert Altman __knowledge__ Robert Bernard Altman (; February 20, 1925 – November 20, 2006) was an American film director, screenwriter, and producer.", "Robert Altman __knowledge__ A five-time nominee of the Academy Award for Best Director and an enduring figure from the New Hollywood era, Altman was considered a \"maverick\" in making films with a highly naturalistic but stylized and satirical aesthetic, unlike most Hollywood films.", "Robert Altman __knowledge__ He is consistently ranked as one of the greatest and most influential filmmakers in American cinema.", "Robert Altman __knowledge__ His style of filmmaking was unique among directors, in that his subjects covered most genres, but with a \"subversive\" twist that typically relies on satire and humor to express his personal vision." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ A background actor or extra is a performer in a film, television show, stage, musical, opera or ballet production, who appears in a nonspeaking or nonsinging (silent) capacity, usually in the background (for example, in an audience or busy street scene).", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ War films and epic films often employ background actors in large numbers: some films have featured hundreds or even thousands of paid background actors as cast members (hence the term \"cast of thousands\").", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ Likewise, grand opera can involve many background actors appearing in spectacular productions.", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ On a film or TV set, background actors are usually referred to as \"background talent\", \"background performers\", \"background artists\", \"background cast members\" or simply \"background\", while the term \"extra\" is rarely used.", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ In a stage production, background actors are commonly referred to as \"supernumeraries\".", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ In opera and ballet, they are called either \"extras\" or \"supers\".", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ Casting criteria for background actors depend on the production.", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ It has been said that background cast members often require little or no acting experience.", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ This is not entirely true, as any type of unrealistic portrayal must include some form of imagination and acting.", "Accrual __knowledge__ Accrual (\"accumulation\") of something is, in finance, the adding together of interest or different investments over a period of time.", "Accrual __knowledge__ It holds specific meanings in accounting, where it can refer to accounts on a balance sheet that represent liabilities and non-cash-based assets used in accrual-based accounting.", "Accrual __knowledge__ These types of accounts include, among others, accounts payable, accounts receivable, goodwill, deferred tax liability and future interest expense.", "Accrual __knowledge__ For example, a company delivers a product to a customer who will pay for it 30 days later in the next fiscal year, which starts a week after the delivery.", "OG Cuicide __knowledge__ Darnell Price, professionally known as OG Cuicide, is an American rapper.", "OG Cuicide __knowledge__ Price was born and raised in Compton, California.", "OG Cuicide __knowledge__ His mother abandoned him when he was 18 months old, and he and his brother were placed into separate foster homes.", "OG Cuicide __knowledge__ He became involved in Los Angeles area gang culture as he became older.", "OG Cuicide __knowledge__ At the age of 22, Price attempted to shoot himself in front of his friends, but survived the incident.", "OG Cuicide __knowledge__ He subsequently began to compose and sing, eventually approaching his godfather, the funk and soul singer Leon Haywood, for career guidance.", "OG Cuicide __knowledge__ Shortly after, he began recording his first batch of musical recordings in the studio.", "Private transfer fee __knowledge__ A private transfer fee covenant is a legal instrument that is filed in the real property records, which imposes an assessment  payable in connection with a series of future transfers of title to certain real property.", "Private transfer fee __knowledge__ The assessment can be for a fixed amount or a percentage of the sales price, and typically runs for a limited term (usually ranging from 20 to 99 years).", "Private transfer fee __knowledge__ Unlike a transfer tax (payable to a governmental entity) a private transfer fee assessment is payable to an identified third-party, often a community association (like a homeowners’ association, or “HOA”), the real estate developer,  and/or an environmental or charitable organization.", "Sick leave __knowledge__ Sick leave (or paid sick days or sick pay) is time off from work that workers can use to stay home to address their health and safety needs without losing pay.", "Sick leave __knowledge__ Paid sick leave is a statutory requirement in many nations.", "Sick leave __knowledge__ Most European, many Latin American, a few African and a few Asian countries have legal requirements for paid sick leave.", "Sick leave __knowledge__ The Book of Leviticus prescribed (7) days of medical isolation for a skin condition in chapter 13.", "Sick leave __knowledge__ Already in 1500 BCE, at least some of the workers who built the tombs of Egyptian pharaohs received paid sick leave as well as state-supported health care.", "Sick leave __knowledge__ In nations without laws mandating paid sick leave, some employers choose to offer it.", "Slot machine __knowledge__ A slot machine (American English), informally fruit machine (British English), puggy (Scottish English slang), the slots (Canadian and American English), poker machine (or pokies in slang) (Australian English and New Zealand English) or simply slot (American English), is a casino gambling machine with three or more reels which spin when a button is pushed.", "Slot machine __knowledge__ Slot machines are also known as one-armed bandits because they were originally operated by one lever on the side of the machine as distinct from a button on the front panel and because of their ability to leave the player impoverished or in debt and because \"bandit\" can be a synonym for \"thief\" in modern usage.", "List of Schlock Mercenary characters __knowledge__ This article is about the characters from Schlock Mercenary, a space opera webcomic.", "List of Schlock Mercenary characters __knowledge__ A carbosilicate amorph \"everyman\" who packs a plasgun with the onomatopoeic charging sound of \"ommminous hummmm\".", "List of Schlock Mercenary characters __knowledge__ He normally appears as a large greenish-brown mass coming up to about normal human chest height, shaped like a cow-pat with a mouth and eyes, though he can: His mouth is normally his only orifice, with which he eats, breathes, smells, excretes, and conceals weaponry.", "List of Schlock Mercenary characters __knowledge__ His only specialized organs are his eyes, which are not native to his body, but rather harvested from \"eye trees.\"", "List of Schlock Mercenary characters __knowledge__ He originally had two eyes for the first part of his life, which were sliced out by a baby diamond beetle during Schlocktoberfest 2001, but he got another pair from the eye tree plantation on his home planet.", "Marie Trainer __knowledge__ Marie Trainer, born circa 1946 , is the outgoing mayor of Haldimand County, Ontario, Canada after having been defeated on October, 25th 2010 by Mayor Elect Ken Hewitt.", "Marie Trainer __knowledge__ Hewitt finished with 6,984 votes, Trainer 5,748 and third-place finisher Buck Sloat with 2,929 in unofficial final results.", "Marie Trainer __knowledge__ She took office after defeating the incumbent, Lorraine Bergstrand in the Ontario municipal elections, 2003.", "Marie Trainer __knowledge__ The residents of Haldimand County re-elected Marie Trainer as mayor in the Ontario municipal elections, 2006.", "Marie Trainer __knowledge__ Trainer received national attention after making controversial comments while being interviewed by the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation during the Caledonia land dispute.", "Grand opera __knowledge__ Grand opera is a genre of 19th-century opera generally in four or five acts, characterized by large-scale casts and orchestras, and (in their original productions) lavish and spectacular design and stage effects, normally with plots based on or around dramatic historic events.", "Grand opera __knowledge__ The term is particularly applied (sometimes specifically using in its French language equivalent grand opéra, ) to certain productions of the Paris Opéra from the late 1820s to around 1850; 'grand opéra' has sometimes been used to denote the Paris Opéra itself.", "Grand opera __knowledge__ The term 'grand opera' is also used in a broader application in respect of contemporary or later works of similar monumental proportions from France, Germany, Italy and other countries.", "Arthur Sullivan __knowledge__ Sir Arthur Seymour Sullivan MVO (13 May 1842 – 22 November 1900) was an English composer.", "Arthur Sullivan __knowledge__ He is best known for 14 operatic collaborations with the dramatist W. S. Gilbert, including \"H.M.S.", "Arthur Sullivan __knowledge__ Pinafore\", \"The Pirates of Penzance\" and \"The Mikado\".", "Arthur Sullivan __knowledge__ His works include 24 operas, 11 major orchestral works, ten choral works and oratorios, two ballets, incidental music to several plays, and numerous church pieces, songs, and piano and chamber pieces.", "Arthur Sullivan __knowledge__ His hymns and songs include \"Onward, Christian Soldiers\" and \"The Lost Chord\".", "Arthur Sullivan __knowledge__ The son of a military bandmaster, Sullivan composed his first anthem at the age of eight and was later a soloist in the boys' choir of the Chapel Royal.", "Houston Grand Opera __knowledge__ Houston Grand Opera (HGO), located in Houston, Texas, was founded in 1955 by German-born impresario Walter Herbert and Houstonians Elva Lobit, Edward Bing, and Charles Cockrell.", "Houston Grand Opera __knowledge__ HGO's inaugural season featured two performances of two operas, \"Salome\" (starring Brenda Lewis in the title role) and \"Madama Butterfly\".", "Houston Grand Opera __knowledge__ David Gockley succeeded Walter Herbert as general director in 1972 and remained in the post until accepting the general directorship at San Francisco Opera in 2005.", "Houston Grand Opera __knowledge__ He began his tenure there in 2006.", "Houston Grand Opera __knowledge__ Gockley was succeeded at Houston Grand Opera by Anthony Freud, previously the general director at Welsh National Opera.", "John Caird (director) __knowledge__ John Newport Caird (born 22 September 1948) is an English stage director and writer of plays, musicals and operas.", "John Caird (director) __knowledge__ He is an honorary associate director of the Royal Shakespeare Company, a regular director with the Royal National Theatre of Great Britain and the Principal Guest Director of the Royal Dramatic Theatre, Stockholm (Dramaten).", "John Caird (director) __knowledge__ Caird was born in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada to English parents George Bradford Caird, Oxford theologian and principal of Mansfield College, Oxford and Viola Mary Newport (born 1922 in Reigate, Surrey), poet and librarian.", "John Caird (director) __knowledge__ He lived in Montreal and attended Selwyn House School.", "D'Oyly Carte Opera Company __knowledge__ The D'Oyly Carte Opera Company is a professional light opera company that staged Gilbert and Sullivan's Savoy operas nearly year-round in the UK and sometimes toured in Europe, North America and elsewhere, from the 1870s until 1982.", "D'Oyly Carte Opera Company __knowledge__ The company was revived for short seasons and tours from 1988 to 2003, and with Scottish Opera it later co-produced two productions.", "D'Oyly Carte Opera Company __knowledge__ In 1875, Richard D'Oyly Carte asked the dramatist W. S. Gilbert and the composer Arthur Sullivan to collaborate on a short comic opera to round out an evening's entertainment.", "D'Oyly Carte Opera Company __knowledge__ When that work, \"Trial by Jury\", became a success, Carte put together a syndicate to produce a full-length Gilbert and Sullivan work, \"The Sorcerer\" (1877), followed by \"H.M.S.", "Gilbert and Sullivan __knowledge__ Gilbert and Sullivan refers to the Victorian-era theatrical partnership of the librettist W. S. Gilbert (1836–1911) and the composer Arthur Sullivan (1842–1900) and to the works they jointly created.", "Gilbert and Sullivan __knowledge__ The two men collaborated on fourteen comic operas between 1871 and 1896, of which \"H.M.S.", "Gilbert and Sullivan __knowledge__ Pinafore\", \"The Pirates of Penzance\" and \"The Mikado\" are among the best known.", "Gilbert and Sullivan __knowledge__ Gilbert, who wrote the words, created fanciful \"topsy-turvy\" worlds for these operas where each absurdity is taken to its logical conclusion—fairies rub elbows with British lords, flirting is a capital offence, gondoliers ascend to the monarchy, and pirates emerge as noblemen who have gone astray.", "Opera __knowledge__ Opera (; English plural: \"operas\"; Italian plural: \"opere\" ) is an art form in which singers and musicians perform a dramatic work combining text (libretto) and musical score, usually in a theatrical setting.", "Opera __knowledge__ In traditional opera, singers do two types of singing: recitative, a speech-inflected style and arias, a more melodic style, in which notes are sung in a sustained fashion.", "Opera __knowledge__ Opera incorporates many of the elements of spoken theatre, such as acting, scenery, and costumes and sometimes includes dance.", "Opera __knowledge__ The performance is typically given in an opera house, accompanied by an orchestra or smaller musical ensemble, which since the early 19th century has been led by a conductor." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 0 ]

[ "Have you ever been an extra in a film?", "War films and epic films often employ large numbers of background actors.", "Sometimes extras are also used in large spectacular productions of the grand opera.", "Yes they do get paid for their parts." ]

[ "Extra (acting)", "Extra (acting)", "Extra (acting)", "Extra (acting)" ]

[ "Gardening", "I have never been good at gardening. I always end up killing the plant lol", "What kind of plants do you have? ", "So like Venus Flytraps? I remember learning about those in school " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Gardening __knowledge__ Gardening is the practice of growing and cultivating plants as part of horticulture.", "Gardening __knowledge__ In gardens, ornamental plants are often grown for their flowers, foliage, or overall appearance; useful plants, such as root vegetables, leaf vegetables, fruits, and herbs, are grown for consumption, for use as dyes, or for medicinal or cosmetic use.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Gardening is considered by many people to be a relaxing activity.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Gardening ranges in scale from fruit orchards, to long boulevard plantings with one or more different types of shrubs, trees, and herbaceous plants, to residential yards including lawns and foundation plantings, to plants in large or small containers grown inside or outside.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Gardening may be very specialized, with only one type of plant grown, or involve a large number of different plants in mixed plantings.", "Gardening __knowledge__ It involves an active participation in the growing of plants, and tends to be labor-intensive, which differentiates it from farming or forestry.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Forest gardening, a forest-based food production system, is the world's oldest form of gardening.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Forest gardens originated in prehistoric times along jungle-clad river banks and in the wet foothills of monsoon regions.", "Gardening __knowledge__ In the gradual process of families improving their immediate environment, useful tree and vine species were identified, protected and improved while undesirable species were eliminated." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Gardening __knowledge__ Gardening is the practice of growing and cultivating plants as part of horticulture.", "Gardening __knowledge__ In gardens, ornamental plants are often grown for their flowers, foliage, or overall appearance; useful plants, such as root vegetables, leaf vegetables, fruits, and herbs, are grown for consumption, for use as dyes, or for medicinal or cosmetic use.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Gardening is considered by many people to be a relaxing activity.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Gardening ranges in scale from fruit orchards, to long boulevard plantings with one or more different types of shrubs, trees, and herbaceous plants, to residential yards including lawns and foundation plantings, to plants in large or small containers grown inside or outside.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Gardening may be very specialized, with only one type of plant grown, or involve a large number of different plants in mixed plantings.", "Gardening __knowledge__ It involves an active participation in the growing of plants, and tends to be labor-intensive, which differentiates it from farming or forestry.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Forest gardening, a forest-based food production system, is the world's oldest form of gardening.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Forest gardens originated in prehistoric times along jungle-clad river banks and in the wet foothills of monsoon regions.", "Gardening __knowledge__ In the gradual process of families improving their immediate environment, useful tree and vine species were identified, protected and improved while undesirable species were eliminated.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ This Is England '86 is a 2010 British drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne, a spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\".", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Set three years later, it focuses on the mod revival scene rather than the skinhead subculture, with the gang variously adopting an eclectic mix of clothing styles.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Like the film version previously, Thomas Turgoose stars as Shaun, with central roles played by Joe Gilgun as Woody, now a scooter-riding mod, although girlfriend Lol (Vicky McClure) and her friend Trev stay loyal to their roots and still wear the skinhead garb.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Lol's sister Kelly has gone new wave/punk, while other gang members adopt psychobilly, early chav and mohican influences.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Robert James Smith (born 21 April 1959) is an English singer, songwriter and musician.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ He is the lead singer, guitarist, multi instrumentalist, lyricist, principal songwriter and only consistent member of the rock band The Cure, which he co-founded in 1976.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ He was also the lead guitarist for the band Siouxsie and the Banshees from 1982 to 1984 and was part of the short-lived group The Glove in 1983.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Smith is known for his distinctive voice and unique stage look, the latter of which was influential on the Goth subculture that rose to prominence in the 1980s.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Smith was born in the Lancashire town of Blackpool and is the third of four children born to James Alexander and Rita Mary (née Emmott) Smith.", "LOL __knowledge__ LOL, or lol, is an acronym for laugh(ing) out loud or lots of laughs, and a popular element of Internet slang.", "LOL __knowledge__ It was first used almost exclusively on Usenet, but has since become widespread in other forms of computer-mediated communication and even face-to-face communication.", "LOL __knowledge__ It is one of many initialisms for expressing bodily reactions, in particular laughter, as text, including initialisms for more emphatic expressions of laughter such as LMAO (\"laugh(ing) my ass off\") and ROFL (or its older form ROTFL; \"roll(ing) on the floor laughing\").", "LOL __knowledge__ Other unrelated expansions include the now mostly obsolete \"lots of luck\" or \"lots of love\" used in letter-writing.", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ This Is England '88 is a 2011 British drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne as a spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\".", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ It is also a sequel to the 2010 television sequel-series \"This Is England '86\", set two and a half years later and starring as previously Thomas Turgoose as Shaun, Vicky McClure as Lol and Joe Gilgun as Woody.", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ Set during Christmas 1988, Lol is haunted by the devastating events that took place two and a half years before.", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ She and Woody both find themselves struggling to cope with their lives without each other after he leaves the gang.", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ Lol is carrying the burden of her guilt, whilst Woody is trying to build a domestic life with a new girlfriend and a potential promotion at work.", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that were introduced in CBBC's \"The Story of Tracy Beaker\".", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ The series is based on the book of the same name by Jacqueline Wilson.", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ It ran on for five series from 2002 to 2005.", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ The series was followed by \"Tracy Beaker Returns\" that ran for three series from 2010 to 2012 and then \"The Dumping Ground\" that has aired since 2013.", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ Connor Byrne has played the role of Mike Milligan for all three programmes.", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ Dani Harmer and Lisa Coleman reprised their roles as Tracy Beaker and Cam Lawson for \"Tracy Beaker Returns\".", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ Tracy Beaker, played by actress Dani Harmer, is the main (and title) character throughout \"The Story of Tracy Beaker\" and \"Tracy Beaker Returns\".", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ This Is England '90 is a 2015 British TV drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne and produced by Warp Films.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ A spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\", it is also a sequel to the series \"This Is England '86\" and \"This Is England '88\".", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ \"This Is England '90\" was originally due in late 2012, but in July 2012, Meadows announced that the production had been put on hold in order for him to complete his The Stone Roses, and the actors were still waiting for confirmation as to when filming would start.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ In March 2014, Meadows confirmed that shooting would start later in the year although he had not yet finished the script.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ Le ravissement de Lol V. Stein is a novel written by Marguerite Duras and published in France by Gallimard in 1964.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ The text was translated by Richard Seaver and published as \"The Ravishing of Lol Stein\" in the US by Grove Press in 1966.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ The text was also translated by Eileen Ellenbogen in the UK as \"The rapture of Lol V. Stein\" for Hamish Hamilton in 1967.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ At the beginning of the novel, Lol Stein (her middle initial is omitted in the English translation) is a woman in her thirties.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ She was born and raised in South Tahla in a bourgeois family and is engaged to Michael Richardson at 19.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ However, at a ball in the seaside resort of Town Beach, Michael Richardson leaves Lol for Anne-Marie Stretter, an older woman.", "Ornamental bulbous plant __knowledge__ Ornamental bulbous plants, often called ornamental bulbs or just bulbs in gardening and horticulture, are herbaceous perennials grown for ornamental purposes, which have underground or near ground storage organs.", "Ornamental bulbous plant __knowledge__ Botanists distinguish between true bulbs, corms, rhizomes, tubers and tuberous roots, any of which may be termed \"bulbs\" in horticulture.", "Ornamental bulbous plant __knowledge__ Bulb species usually lose their upper parts during adverse conditions such as summer drought and heat or winter cold.", "Ornamental bulbous plant __knowledge__ The bulb's storage organs contain moisture and nutrients that are used to survive these adverse conditions in a dormant state.", "Ornamental bulbous plant __knowledge__ When conditions become favourable the reserves sustain a new growth cycle.", "Myall Park Botanic Garden __knowledge__ Myall Park Botanic Garden is a heritage-listed botanic garden at Myall Park Road, Glenmorgan, Western Downs Region, Queensland, Australia.", "Myall Park Botanic Garden __knowledge__ It was designed by Alfred Gray and built in the 1950s (nursery buildings) by Harry Howe.", "Myall Park Botanic Garden __knowledge__ It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 9 November 2012.", "Myall Park Botanic Garden __knowledge__ Myall Park Botanic Garden is a large garden devoted to the growing of Australian flora.", "Myall Park Botanic Garden __knowledge__ It was established in 1941 by David Gordon (1899-2001).", "Myall Park Botanic Garden __knowledge__ David (Dave) Morrice Gordon (AM) was born 9 July 1899, the fifth of nine children for James and Agnes Gordon.", "Myall Park Botanic Garden __knowledge__ In 1910 the Gordon family moved to the Western Downs region from Talbot, in the Central Goldfields region of Victoria.", "Cannabis cultivation __knowledge__ This article presents common techniques and facts regarding the cultivation of the flowering plant \"Cannabis\", primarily for the production and consumption of cannabis flowers (\"buds\").", "Cannabis cultivation __knowledge__ Cultivation techniques for other purposes (such as hemp production) differ.", "Cannabis cultivation __knowledge__ Cannabis belongs to the genus \"Cannabis\" in the family Cannabaceae and may include three species, \"C. sativa\", \"C. indica\", and \"C. ruderalis\", (APG II system) or one variable species.", "Cannabis cultivation __knowledge__ It is typically a dioecious (each individual is either male or female) annual plant (life period: April–September).", "Cannabis cultivation __knowledge__ \"C. sativa\" and \"C. indica\" generally grow tall (some varieties reach 4 metres, or 13 feet) and their females start the production of flowers rich in tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) (up to 29% by weight) as the season changes from summer to autumn.", "Plant __knowledge__ Plants are mainly multicellular, predominantly photosynthetic eukaryotes of the kingdom Plantae.", "Plant __knowledge__ In one sense (circumscription), the term refers to green plants, which form an unranked clade Viridiplantae (Latin for \"green plants\").", "Plant __knowledge__ This includes the flowering plants, conifers and other gymnosperms, ferns, clubmosses, hornworts, liverworts, mosses and the green algae, and excludes the red and brown algae.", "Plant __knowledge__ Historically, plants formed one of two kingdoms covering all living things that were not animals, and both algae and fungi were treated as plants; however all current definitions of \"plant\" exclude the fungi and some algae, as well as the prokaryotes (the archaea and bacteria).", "Botanical garden __knowledge__ A botanical garden or botanic garden is a garden dedicated to the collection, cultivation and display of a wide range of plants labelled with their botanical names.", "Botanical garden __knowledge__ It may contain specialist plant collections such as cacti and other succulent plants, herb gardens, plants from particular parts of the world, and so on; there may be greenhouses, shadehouses, again with special collections such as tropical plants, alpine plants, or other exotic plants.", "Botanical garden __knowledge__ Visitor services at a botanical garden might include tours, educational displays, art exhibitions, book rooms, open-air theatrical and musical performances, and other entertainment.", "Lewis Ginter Botanical Garden __knowledge__ The Lewis Ginter Botanical Garden, , is a botanical garden located at 1800 Lakeside Avenue, on the North Side of Richmond, Virginia.", "Lewis Ginter Botanical Garden __knowledge__ It includes the Lakeside Wheel Club built by Lewis Ginter and expanded and remodeled into Bloemendaal by his niece Grace Arents.", "Lewis Ginter Botanical Garden __knowledge__ The Garden’s three-fold mission is (1) to provide education to the community about the plant world, (2) promote the best in horticulture and landscape design and (3) work toward the goal of being a leader in botanical and applied horticultural research.", "Lewis Ginter Botanical Garden __knowledge__ The gently rolling terrain that is the site of Lewis Ginter Botanical Garden was once the hunting ground of Powhatan Indians.", "Longwood Gardens __knowledge__ Longwood Gardens is an American botanical garden.", "Longwood Gardens __knowledge__ It consists of over 1,077 acres (436 hectares; 4.36 km²) of gardens, woodlands, and meadows in Kennett Square, Pennsylvania, United States in the Brandywine Creek Valley.", "Longwood Gardens __knowledge__ It is one of the premier horticultural display gardens in the United States and is open to visitors year-round to enjoy exotic plants and horticulture (both indoor and outdoor), events and performances, seasonal and themed attractions, as well as educational lectures, courses, and workshops.", "Longwood Gardens __knowledge__ Longwood Gardens has a long and varied history.", "Longwood Gardens __knowledge__ For thousands of years, the native Lenni Lenape tribe fished its streams, hunted its forests, and planted its fields." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Gardening __knowledge__ Gardening is the practice of growing and cultivating plants as part of horticulture.", "Gardening __knowledge__ In gardens, ornamental plants are often grown for their flowers, foliage, or overall appearance; useful plants, such as root vegetables, leaf vegetables, fruits, and herbs, are grown for consumption, for use as dyes, or for medicinal or cosmetic use.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Gardening is considered by many people to be a relaxing activity.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Gardening ranges in scale from fruit orchards, to long boulevard plantings with one or more different types of shrubs, trees, and herbaceous plants, to residential yards including lawns and foundation plantings, to plants in large or small containers grown inside or outside.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Gardening may be very specialized, with only one type of plant grown, or involve a large number of different plants in mixed plantings.", "Gardening __knowledge__ It involves an active participation in the growing of plants, and tends to be labor-intensive, which differentiates it from farming or forestry.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Forest gardening, a forest-based food production system, is the world's oldest form of gardening.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Forest gardens originated in prehistoric times along jungle-clad river banks and in the wet foothills of monsoon regions.", "Gardening __knowledge__ In the gradual process of families improving their immediate environment, useful tree and vine species were identified, protected and improved while undesirable species were eliminated.", "Plant __knowledge__ Plants are mainly multicellular, predominantly photosynthetic eukaryotes of the kingdom Plantae.", "Plant __knowledge__ In one sense (circumscription), the term refers to green plants, which form an unranked clade Viridiplantae (Latin for \"green plants\").", "Plant __knowledge__ This includes the flowering plants, conifers and other gymnosperms, ferns, clubmosses, hornworts, liverworts, mosses and the green algae, and excludes the red and brown algae.", "Plant __knowledge__ Historically, plants formed one of two kingdoms covering all living things that were not animals, and both algae and fungi were treated as plants; however all current definitions of \"plant\" exclude the fungi and some algae, as well as the prokaryotes (the archaea and bacteria).", "Soil __knowledge__ Soil is a mixture of organic matter, minerals, gases, liquids, and organisms that together support life.", "Soil __knowledge__ The Earth's body of soil is the pedosphere, which has four important functions: it is a medium for plant growth; it is a means of water storage, supply and purification; it is a modifier of Earth's atmosphere; it is a habitat for organisms; all of which, in turn, modify the soil.", "Soil __knowledge__ Soil interfaces with the lithosphere, the hydrosphere, the atmosphere, and the biosphere.", "Soil __knowledge__ The term \"pedolith\", used commonly to refer to the soil, literally translates \"ground stone\".", "Soil __knowledge__ Soil consists of a solid phase of minerals and organic matter (the soil matrix), as well as a porous phase that holds gases (the soil atmosphere) and water (the soil solution).", "Chloroplast __knowledge__ Chloroplasts are organelles, specialized compartments, in plant and algal cells.", "Chloroplast __knowledge__ Their discovery inside plant cells is usually credited to Julius von Sachs (1832–1897), an influential botanist and author of standard botanical textbooks – sometimes called \"The Father of Plant Physiology\".", "Chloroplast __knowledge__ The main role of chloroplasts is to conduct photosynthesis, where the photosynthetic pigment chlorophyll captures the energy from sunlight and converts it and stores it in the energy-storage molecules ATP and NADPH while freeing oxygen from water.", "Chloroplast __knowledge__ They then use the ATP and NADPH to make organic molecules from carbon dioxide in a process known as the Calvin cycle.", "Seed __knowledge__ A seed is an embryonic plant enclosed in a protective outer covering.", "Seed __knowledge__ The formation of the seed is part of the process of reproduction in seed plants, the spermatophytes, including the gymnosperm and angiosperm plants.", "Seed __knowledge__ Seeds are the product of the ripened ovule, after fertilization by pollen and some growth within the mother plant.", "Seed __knowledge__ The embryo is developed from the zygote and the seed coat from the integuments of the ovule.", "Seed __knowledge__ Seeds have been an important development in the reproduction and success of gymnosperm and angiosperm plants, relative to more primitive plants such as ferns, mosses and liverworts, which do not have seeds and use water-dependent means to propagate themselves.", "Carnivorous plant __knowledge__ Carnivorous plants are plants that derive some or most of their nutrients (but not energy) from trapping and consuming animals or protozoans, typically insects and other arthropods.", "Carnivorous plant __knowledge__ Carnivorous plants have adapted to grow in places where the soil is thin or poor in nutrients, especially nitrogen, such as acidic bogs and rock outcroppings.", "Carnivorous plant __knowledge__ Charles Darwin wrote \"Insectivorous Plants\", the first well-known treatise on carnivorous plants, in 1875.", "Carnivorous plant __knowledge__ True carnivory is thought to have evolved independently nine times in five different orders of flowering plants, and is represented by more than a dozen genera.", "Evolutionary history of plants __knowledge__ The evolution of plants has resulted in widely varying levels of complexity, from the earliest algal mats, through bryophytes, lycopods, and ferns, to the complex gymnosperms and angiosperms of today.", "Evolutionary history of plants __knowledge__ While many of the groups which appeared earlier continue to thrive, as exemplified by algal dominance in marine environments, more recently derived groups have also displaced previously ecologically dominant ones, e.g.", "Evolutionary history of plants __knowledge__ the ascendance of flowering plants over gymnosperms in terrestrial environments.", "Evolutionary history of plants __knowledge__ Evidence for the appearance of the first land plants occurs in the Ordovician, around , in the form of fossil spores.", "Botany __knowledge__ Botany, also called plant science(s), plant biology or phytology, is the science of plant life and a branch of biology.", "Botany __knowledge__ A botanist or plant scientist is a scientist who specialises in this field.", "Botany __knowledge__ The term \"botany\" comes from the Ancient Greek word (\"botanē\") meaning \"pasture\", \"grass\", or \"fodder\"; is in turn derived from (\"boskein\"), \"to feed\" or \"to graze\".", "Botany __knowledge__ Traditionally, botany has also included the study of fungi and algae by mycologists and phycologists respectively, with the study of these three groups of organisms remaining within the sphere of interest of the International Botanical Congress.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "Black &amp; White (video game) __knowledge__ Black & White is a god video game developed by Lionhead Studios and published by Electronic Arts for Microsoft Windows in 2001 and by Feral Interactive in 2002 for Mac OS.", "Black &amp; White (video game) __knowledge__ \"Black & White\" combines elements of artificial life and strategy.", "Black &amp; White (video game) __knowledge__ The player acts as a god whose goal is to defeat Nemesis, another god who wants to take over the world.", "Black &amp; White (video game) __knowledge__ A primary theme is the concept of good and evil, with the atmosphere being affected by the player's moral choices.", "Black &amp; White (video game) __knowledge__ The core gameplay mechanic of \"Black & White\" is the interaction between the player and an avatar creature, who carries out the players instructions and whose personality and behaviour change in reaction to how they are treated.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ Ha Dong-hoon (; born on August 20, 1979), better known by his stage name Haha (), is a South Korean singer, variety show host and member of Skull & Haha.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ He is best known for being in the sitcom, \"Nonstop\" and for co-hosting two popular variety programs, MBC's \"Infinite Challenge\" and SBS's \"Running Man\".", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ He has also hosted his own show, titled \"Ya Man TV\" on Mnet in 2015.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ Haha was born on August 20, 1979 in Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, West Germany and moved to Seoul, South Korea when he was an infant.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ His parents are both Korean, with his mother holding a doctorate in psychology, and he has an older sister, Ha Juri () who is a pianist, also with a doctorate.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ The following is list of characters the appear in the cartoon series, \"Generator Rex\".", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ Ricardo \"Rex\" Salazar is a young human-looking E.V.O, but unlike other E.V.O.s, Rex has the ability to control his nanites at will, allowing him to cure other E.V.O.s of their mutations and use his nanites to create a variety of machines on his body and communicate with a variety of machines.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ Rex is overconfident, impulsive, and typically, rebellious.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ He has a quick wit and is constantly making jokes.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ However, when Rex needs to defend himself, he doesn't hold back.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ He prefers to smash anything that gets in his way.", "Social media __knowledge__ Social media are computer-mediated technologies that facilitate the creation and sharing of information, ideas, career interests and other forms of expression via virtual communities and networks.", "Social media __knowledge__ The variety of stand-alone and built-in social media services currently available introduces challenges of definition; however, there are some common features: Users typically access social media services via web-based technologies on desktop, computers, and laptops, or download services that offer social media functionality to their mobile devices (e.g., smartphones and tablet computers).", "Social media __knowledge__ When engaging with these services, users can create highly interactive platforms through which individuals, communities and organizations can share, co-create, discuss, and modify user-generated content or pre-made content posted online.", "The Winds of Winter (Game of Thrones) __knowledge__ \"The Winds of Winter\" is the tenth and final episode of the sixth season of HBO's fantasy television series \"Game of Thrones\", and the sixtieth overall.", "The Winds of Winter (Game of Thrones) __knowledge__ It was written by series co-creators David Benioff and D. B. Weiss, and directed by Miguel Sapochnik.", "The Winds of Winter (Game of Thrones) __knowledge__ Cersei Lannister plots to destroy all her immediate enemies with one swift stroke; Arya Stark gets revenge; Jon Snow is declared King in the North by the lords of the Northern houses; Bran Stark learns that Jon is actually the son of Lyanna Stark; Samwell Tarly arrives at the Citadel; and Daenerys Targaryen begins heading to Westeros alongside Tyrion Lannister, her entire army, the Ironborn loyal to Yara Greyjoy, the Tyrells, the Sand Snakes, and her three dragons.", "Marine shrimp farming __knowledge__ Marine shrimp farming is an aquaculture business for the cultivation of marine shrimp or prawns for human consumption.", "Marine shrimp farming __knowledge__ Although traditional shrimp farming has been carried out in Asia for centuries, large-scale commercial shrimp farming began in the 1970s, and production grew steeply, particularly to match the market demands of the United States, Japan and Western Europe.", "Marine shrimp farming __knowledge__ The total global production of farmed shrimp reached more than 1.6 million tonnes in 2003, representing a value of nearly 9 billion U.S. dollars.", "Marine shrimp farming __knowledge__ About 75% of farmed shrimp is produced in Asia, in particular in China and Thailand." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Gardening __knowledge__ Gardening is the practice of growing and cultivating plants as part of horticulture.", "Gardening __knowledge__ In gardens, ornamental plants are often grown for their flowers, foliage, or overall appearance; useful plants, such as root vegetables, leaf vegetables, fruits, and herbs, are grown for consumption, for use as dyes, or for medicinal or cosmetic use.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Gardening is considered by many people to be a relaxing activity.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Gardening ranges in scale from fruit orchards, to long boulevard plantings with one or more different types of shrubs, trees, and herbaceous plants, to residential yards including lawns and foundation plantings, to plants in large or small containers grown inside or outside.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Gardening may be very specialized, with only one type of plant grown, or involve a large number of different plants in mixed plantings.", "Gardening __knowledge__ It involves an active participation in the growing of plants, and tends to be labor-intensive, which differentiates it from farming or forestry.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Forest gardening, a forest-based food production system, is the world's oldest form of gardening.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Forest gardens originated in prehistoric times along jungle-clad river banks and in the wet foothills of monsoon regions.", "Gardening __knowledge__ In the gradual process of families improving their immediate environment, useful tree and vine species were identified, protected and improved while undesirable species were eliminated.", "Venus flytrap __knowledge__ The Venus flytrap (also referred to as Venus's flytrap or Venus' flytrap), Dionaea muscipula, is a carnivorous plant native to subtropical wetlands on the East Coast of the United States in North Carolina and South Carolina.", "Venus flytrap __knowledge__ It catches its prey—chiefly insects and arachnids—with a trapping structure formed by the terminal portion of each of the plant's leaves, which is triggered by tiny hairs on their inner surfaces.", "Venus flytrap __knowledge__ When an insect or spider crawling along the leaves contacts a hair, the trap prepares to close, snapping shut only if another contact occurs within approximately twenty seconds of the first strike.", "Carnivorous plant __knowledge__ Carnivorous plants are plants that derive some or most of their nutrients (but not energy) from trapping and consuming animals or protozoans, typically insects and other arthropods.", "Carnivorous plant __knowledge__ Carnivorous plants have adapted to grow in places where the soil is thin or poor in nutrients, especially nitrogen, such as acidic bogs and rock outcroppings.", "Carnivorous plant __knowledge__ Charles Darwin wrote \"Insectivorous Plants\", the first well-known treatise on carnivorous plants, in 1875.", "Carnivorous plant __knowledge__ True carnivory is thought to have evolved independently nine times in five different orders of flowering plants, and is represented by more than a dozen genera.", "Utricularia __knowledge__ Utricularia, commonly and collectively called the bladderworts, is a genus of carnivorous plants consisting of approximately 233 species (precise counts differ based on classification opinions; a 2001 publication lists 215 species).", "Utricularia __knowledge__ They occur in fresh water and wet soil as terrestrial or aquatic species across every continent except Antarctica.", "Utricularia __knowledge__ \"Utricularia\" are cultivated for their flowers, which are often compared with those of snapdragons and orchids, especially amongst carnivorous plant enthusiasts.", "Utricularia __knowledge__ All \"Utricularia\" are carnivorous and capture small organisms by means of bladder-like traps.", "Venus in fiction __knowledge__ Fictional representations of the planet Venus have existed since the 19th century.", "Venus in fiction __knowledge__ Its impenetrable cloud cover gave science fiction writers free rein to speculate on conditions at its surface; all the more so when early observations showed that not only was it very similar in size to Earth, it possessed a substantial atmosphere.", "Venus in fiction __knowledge__ Closer to the Sun than Earth, the planet was frequently depicted as warmer, but still habitable by humans.", "Venus in fiction __knowledge__ The genre reached its peak between the 1930s and 1950s, at a time when science had revealed some aspects of Venus, but not yet the harsh reality of its surface conditions.", "Białystok pogrom __knowledge__ The Belostok (Białystok) pogrom occurred between 14–16 June 1906 (1–3 June Old Style) in Białystok, then part of the Russian Empire, now in Poland.", "Białystok pogrom __knowledge__ During the pogrom between 81 and 88 people were killed, and about 80 people were wounded.", "Białystok pogrom __knowledge__ The Białystok pogrom was one of a series of violent outbreaks against Jews between 1903 and 1908, including the Kishinev pogrom, the Odessa pogrom, and the Kiev pogrom.", "Białystok pogrom __knowledge__ At the beginning of the 20th century, Białystok was a city with a predominantly Jewish population.", "Białystok pogrom __knowledge__ In 1895, the Jewish population numbered 47,783 (out of 62,993, or about 76%).", "Białystok pogrom __knowledge__ Białystok was primarily a city known for its textile manufacturing, commerce and industry.", "Planetary system __knowledge__ A planetary system is a set of gravitationally bound non-stellar objects in orbit around a star or star system.", "Planetary system __knowledge__ Generally speaking, systems with one or more planets constitute a planetary system, although such systems may also consist of bodies such as dwarf planets, asteroids, natural satellites, meteoroids, comets, planetesimals and circumstellar disks.", "Planetary system __knowledge__ The Sun together with its planetary system, which includes Earth, is known as the Solar System.", "Planetary system __knowledge__ The term exoplanetary system is sometimes used in reference to other planetary systems.", "Planetary system __knowledge__ Of particular interest to astrobiology is the habitable zone of planetary systems where planets could have surface liquid water, and thus the capacity to harbor Earth-like life.", "Venus as a Boy __knowledge__ \"Venus as a Boy\" is a song by Icelandic musician Björk.", "Venus as a Boy __knowledge__ It was released as the second single from her 1993 album \"Debut\".", "Venus as a Boy __knowledge__ The song was written by Björk and was produced by Nellee Hooper, who produced the majority of her debut album.", "Venus as a Boy __knowledge__ The single was released in August 1993, a month after the release of the album.", "Venus as a Boy __knowledge__ The song was inspired by a boy who saw everything from a \"beauty point of view\".", "Venus as a Boy __knowledge__ \"Venus as a Boy\" features a musical ensemble made up of Indian instruments like tablas.", "Venus as a Boy __knowledge__ The song received mixed reviews from critics, who discussed Björk's musical shift.", "Venus as a Boy __knowledge__ The song did not chart well in any nation but managed to enter the UK Singles Chart Top 30.", "Protocarnivorous plant __knowledge__ A protocarnivorous plant (sometimes also paracarnivorous, subcarnivorous, or borderline carnivore), according to some definitions, traps and kills insects or other animals but lacks the ability to either directly digest or absorb nutrients from its prey like a carnivorous plant.", "Protocarnivorous plant __knowledge__ The morphological adaptations such as sticky trichomes or pitfall traps of protocarnivorous plants parallel the trap structures of confirmed carnivorous plants.", "Protocarnivorous plant __knowledge__ Some authors prefer the term \"protocarnivorous\" because it implies that these plants are on the evolutionary path to true carnivory, whereas others oppose the term for the same reason.", "Insectivore __knowledge__ An insectivore is a carnivorous plant or animal that eats insects.", "Insectivore __knowledge__ An alternative term is entomophage, which also refers to the human practice of eating insects.", "Insectivore __knowledge__ The first insectivorous vertebrates were amphibians.", "Insectivore __knowledge__ When they evolved 400 million years ago, the first amphibians were piscivores, with numerous sharp conical teeth, much like a modern crocodile.", "Insectivore __knowledge__ The same tooth arrangement is however also suited for eating animals with exoskeletons, thus the ability to eat insects is an extension of piscivory.", "Insectivore __knowledge__ At one time, insectivorous mammals were scientifically classified in an order called Insectivora.", "Plant __knowledge__ Plants are mainly multicellular, predominantly photosynthetic eukaryotes of the kingdom Plantae.", "Plant __knowledge__ In one sense (circumscription), the term refers to green plants, which form an unranked clade Viridiplantae (Latin for \"green plants\").", "Plant __knowledge__ This includes the flowering plants, conifers and other gymnosperms, ferns, clubmosses, hornworts, liverworts, mosses and the green algae, and excludes the red and brown algae.", "Plant __knowledge__ Historically, plants formed one of two kingdoms covering all living things that were not animals, and both algae and fungi were treated as plants; however all current definitions of \"plant\" exclude the fungi and some algae, as well as the prokaryotes (the archaea and bacteria).", "Plant physiology __knowledge__ Plant physiology is a subdiscipline of botany concerned with the functioning, or physiology, of plants.", "Plant physiology __knowledge__ Closely related fields include plant morphology (structure of plants), plant ecology (interactions with the environment), phytochemistry (biochemistry of plants), cell biology, genetics, biophysics and molecular biology.", "Plant physiology __knowledge__ Fundamental processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, plant nutrition, plant hormone functions, tropisms, nastic movements, photoperiodism, photomorphogenesis, circadian rhythms, environmental stress physiology, seed germination, dormancy and stomata function and transpiration, both parts of plant water relations, are studied by plant physiologists.", "Nepenthes rajah __knowledge__ Nepenthes rajah is a carnivorous pitcher plant species of the Nepenthaceae family.", "Nepenthes rajah __knowledge__ It is endemic to Mount Kinabalu and neighbouring Mount Tambuyukon in Sabah, Malaysian Borneo.", "Nepenthes rajah __knowledge__ \"Nepenthes rajah\" grows exclusively on serpentine substrates, particularly in areas of seeping ground water where the soil is loose and permanently moist.", "Nepenthes rajah __knowledge__ The species has an altitudinal range of 1500 to 2650 m a.s.l.", "Nepenthes rajah __knowledge__ and is thus considered a highland or sub-alpine plant.", "Nepenthes rajah __knowledge__ Due to its localised distribution, \"N. rajah\" is classified as an endangered species by the IUCN and listed on CITES Appendix I.", "Nepenthes rajah __knowledge__ The species was collected by Hugh Low on Mount Kinabalu in 1858, and described the following year by Joseph Dalton Hooker, who named it after James Brooke, the first White Rajah of Sarawak." ] ]

[ 1, 6, 28, 11 ]

[ "I love to garden. It's part of horticulture and watching plants grow is so fascinating.", "Haha, don't worry. That is actually pretty common. To be good at it, you need to actively participate in the growing process. It's pretty labor-intensive. ", "I have some vegetables and also a collection of carnivorous plants. They derive most of their nutrients from consuming insects. I find them very interesting!", "Yeah! The venus fly traps are cool because the leaves are triggered by tiny hairs on the inner surface. Also, sundews are quite nice. They have a sticky sap at the end of their leaves." ]

[ "Gardening", "Gardening", "Gardening", "Gardening" ]

[ "Rock music\nI love music - mostly rock music! Do you?", "Oh you like really old school rock! Like Elvis?? I like the 1970s and 1980s - and yes UK bands, can't think of a lot right now - The Who? Rolling Stones? ", "wow I didn't know - which country band was an influence on rock?", "I guess that's why I like it - it's music from all over into one. What's your favorite band? I also love 80s and 90s rock like Guns N Roses and Queen", "indie rock is amazing - Smashing Pumpkins are great! I wish I could play, too" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Rock music __knowledge__ Rock music is a broad genre of popular music that originated as \"rock and roll\" in the United States in the early 1950s, and developed into a range of different styles in the 1960s and later, particularly in the United Kingdom and in the United States.", "Rock music __knowledge__ It has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rock and roll, a style which drew heavily on the African-American genres of blues and rhythm and blues, and from country music.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Rock music also drew strongly on a number of other genres such as electric blues and folk, and incorporated influences from jazz, classical and other musical styles.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Musically, rock has centered on the electric guitar, usually as part of a rock group with electric bass and drums and one or more singers.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Typically, rock is song-based music usually with a 4/4 time signature using a verse–chorus form, but the genre has become extremely diverse.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Like pop music, lyrics often stress romantic love but also address a wide variety of other themes that are frequently social or political.", "Rock music __knowledge__ By the late 1960s \"classic rock\" period, a number of distinct rock music subgenres had emerged, including hybrids like blues rock, folk rock, country rock, raga rock, and jazz-rock, many of which contributed to the development of psychedelic rock, which was influenced by the countercultural psychedelic and hippie scene.", "Blues __knowledge__ Blues is a music genre and musical form originated by African Americans in the Deep South of the United States around the end of the 19th century.", "Blues __knowledge__ The genre developed from roots in African musical traditions, African-American work songs, spirituals, and the folk music of white Americans of European heritage.", "Blues __knowledge__ Blues incorporated spirituals, work songs, field hollers, shouts, chants, and rhymed simple narrative ballads.", "Blues __knowledge__ The blues form, ubiquitous in jazz, rhythm and blues and rock and roll, is characterized by the call-and-response pattern, the blues scale and specific chord progressions, of which the twelve-bar blues is the most common.", "Musical theatre __knowledge__ Musical theatre is a form of theatrical performance that combines songs, spoken dialogue, acting, and dance.", "Musical theatre __knowledge__ The story and emotional content of a musical – humor, pathos, love, anger – are communicated through the words, music, movement and technical aspects of the entertainment as an integrated whole.", "Musical theatre __knowledge__ Although musical theatre overlaps with other theatrical forms like opera and dance, it may be distinguished by the equal importance given to the music as compared with the dialogue, movement and other elements.", "Musical theatre __knowledge__ Since the early 20th century, musical theatre stage works have generally been called, simply, musicals.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ Folk rock is a music genre combining elements of folk music and rock music.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ In its earliest and narrowest sense, the term referred to a genre that arose in the United States and the United Kingdom around the mid-1960s.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ The genre emerged from bands such as the Beatles, the Searchers, and the Animals in the UK, and Bob Dylan and the Byrds in the US, who played traditional folk music and songs with rock instrumentation.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ The term \"folk rock\" is first noted as being used by the U.S. music press in June 1965 to describe the Byrds' music; the band's debut album was released the same month.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ The commercial success of the Byrds' 1965 cover version of Dylan's \"Mr. Tambourine Man\", along with Dylan's own recordings with rock instrumentation—on the albums \"Bringing It All Back Home\" (1965), \"Highway 61 Revisited\" (1965), and \"Blonde on Blonde\" (1966)—encouraged the creation of folk rock groups in the mid-1960s.", "Rock music in Australia __knowledge__ Australian rock, also called Oz rock, is rock music from Australia.", "Rock music in Australia __knowledge__ The nation has a rich history of rock music and an appreciation of the roots of various rock genres, usually originating in the United States or Britain, but also Ireland, continental Europe, and more recently the musical styles of Africa.", "Rock music in Australia __knowledge__ Australian rock has also contributed to the development of some of these genres, as well as having its own unique Australiana sound with pub rock and its indigenous music.", "Rock music in Australia __knowledge__ From 1955 to 1975 three distinct \"waves\" of Australian rock occurred.", "Rock music in Australia __knowledge__ The first wave was from 1955 to 1963 and was influenced by American and British styles with local variants provided by artists such as Johnny O'Keefe, who had a hit with \"Wild One\", which appeared in July 1958.", "ILM Academy __knowledge__ The ILM Academy abbreviation for \"I Love Music Academy\" is India’s first electronic music school.", "ILM Academy __knowledge__ I Love Music (ILM) academy is India’s premier electronic music school.", "ILM Academy __knowledge__ with a motto of offering \"high-powered, high-impact, and hands-on learning,\" complemented by access to the most cutting-edge \"producers, musicians, and audio equipment i\"n the industry.", "ILM Academy __knowledge__ Founded in Bangalore in 2009, the electronic music production school I Love Music Academy, run by brothers Arjun Vagale, Nakul Vagale and a dedicated team, is considered to be \"India’s premier educational institute for music production\".", "ILM Academy __knowledge__ Since its inception it’s expanded into an internationally recognised academy with \"five pro-level studios in Gurgaon.\"", "Argentine rock __knowledge__ Argentine rock (locally Rock nacional) is rock music composed or performed by Argentine bands or artists mostly in Spanish.", "Argentine rock __knowledge__ \"Argentine rock\" began recycling hits of English-language rock & roll.", "Argentine rock __knowledge__ However a rising trend of composing new songs mostly in Spanish can be traced at late 1960s, when several garage groups and aspiring musicians began composing songs and lyrics that related to local social and musical themes.", "Argentine rock __knowledge__ Since then, Argentine rock started a continued and uninterrupted evolution through the 1970s and into the 1980s, being widely considered one of the most prolific and successful forms of Rock en Español, and one of the most important non-English language forms of rock music in the world." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Rock music __knowledge__ Rock music is a broad genre of popular music that originated as \"rock and roll\" in the United States in the early 1950s, and developed into a range of different styles in the 1960s and later, particularly in the United Kingdom and in the United States.", "Rock music __knowledge__ It has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rock and roll, a style which drew heavily on the African-American genres of blues and rhythm and blues, and from country music.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Rock music also drew strongly on a number of other genres such as electric blues and folk, and incorporated influences from jazz, classical and other musical styles.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Musically, rock has centered on the electric guitar, usually as part of a rock group with electric bass and drums and one or more singers.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Typically, rock is song-based music usually with a 4/4 time signature using a verse–chorus form, but the genre has become extremely diverse.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Like pop music, lyrics often stress romantic love but also address a wide variety of other themes that are frequently social or political.", "Rock music __knowledge__ By the late 1960s \"classic rock\" period, a number of distinct rock music subgenres had emerged, including hybrids like blues rock, folk rock, country rock, raga rock, and jazz-rock, many of which contributed to the development of psychedelic rock, which was influenced by the countercultural psychedelic and hippie scene.", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ The Rolling Stones are an English rock band formed in London, England in 1962.", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ The first stable line-up consisted of Brian Jones (guitar, harmonica), Mick Jagger (lead vocals), Keith Richards (guitar, backing vocals), Bill Wyman (bass), Charlie Watts (drums), and Ian Stewart (piano).", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ Stewart was removed from the official line-up in 1963 but continued as a touring member until his death in 1985.", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ Jones left the band less than a month prior to his death in 1969, having already been replaced by Mick Taylor, who remained until 1974.", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ After Taylor left the band, Ronnie Wood took his place in 1975 and has been on guitar in tandem with Richards ever since.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk rock (or \"punk\") is a rock music genre that developed in the mid-1970s in the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Rooted in 1960s garage rock and other forms of what is now known as \"proto-punk\" music, punk rock bands rejected perceived excesses of mainstream 1970s rock.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk bands typically produced short or fast-paced songs, with hard-edged melodies and singing styles, stripped-down instrumentation, and often political, anti-establishment lyrics.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk embraces a DIY ethic; many bands self-produce recordings and distribute them through independent record labels and other informal channels.", "Rock music in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ British rock describes a wide variety of forms of music made in the United Kingdom.", "Rock music in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Since around 1964, with the \"British Invasion\" of the United States spearheaded by the Beatles, British rock music has had a considerable impact on the development of American music and rock music across the world.", "Rock music in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Initial attempts to emulate American rock and roll took place in Britain in the mid-1950s, but the terms \"rock music\" and \"rock\" usually refer to the music derived from the blues-rock and other genres that emerged during the 1960s.", "Rock music in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The term is often used in combination with other terms to describe a variety of hybrids or subgenres, and is often contrasted with pop music, with which it shares many structures and instrumentation.", "Mick Jagger __knowledge__ Sir Michael Philip Jagger, (born 26 July 1943) is an English singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, composer and actor who gained fame as the lead singer and one of the founder members of the Rolling Stones.", "Mick Jagger __knowledge__ Jagger's career has spanned over five decades, and he has been described as \"one of the most popular and influential frontmen in the history of rock & roll\".", "Mick Jagger __knowledge__ His distinctive voice and performances, along with Keith Richards' guitar style have been the trademark of the Rolling Stones throughout the band's career.", "Mick Jagger __knowledge__ Jagger gained press notoriety for his admitted drug use and romantic involvements, and was often portrayed as a countercultural figure.", "Argentine rock __knowledge__ Argentine rock (locally Rock nacional) is rock music composed or performed by Argentine bands or artists mostly in Spanish.", "Argentine rock __knowledge__ \"Argentine rock\" began recycling hits of English-language rock & roll.", "Argentine rock __knowledge__ However a rising trend of composing new songs mostly in Spanish can be traced at late 1960s, when several garage groups and aspiring musicians began composing songs and lyrics that related to local social and musical themes.", "Argentine rock __knowledge__ Since then, Argentine rock started a continued and uninterrupted evolution through the 1970s and into the 1980s, being widely considered one of the most prolific and successful forms of Rock en Español, and one of the most important non-English language forms of rock music in the world.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ Guns N' Roses, often abbreviated as GNR, is an American hard rock band from Los Angeles, California, formed in 1985.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ The lineup, when first signed to Geffen Records in 1986, consisted of vocalist Axl Rose, lead guitarist Slash, rhythm guitarist Izzy Stradlin, bassist Duff McKagan, and drummer Steven Adler.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ Guns N' Roses has released six studio albums, accumulating sales of more than 100 million records worldwide, including 45 million in the United States, making them the 41st best-selling artist of all time.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ Guns N' Roses' debut album, \"Appetite for Destruction\" (1987), reached number one on the \"Billboard\" 200 a year after its release, on the strength of \"Sweet Child o' Mine\", the band's only single to reach number one on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100.", "Country music __knowledge__ Country (or country and western) is a musical genre that originated in the southern United States in the early 1920s.", "Country music __knowledge__ It takes its roots from genres such as folk music (especially Appalachian folk music) and blues.", "Country music __knowledge__ Country music often consists of ballads and dance tunes with generally simple forms, folk lyric and harmonies accompanied by mostly string instruments such as banjos, electric and acoustic guitars, steel guitars (such as pedal steels and dobros), and fiddles as well as harmonicas.", "Country music __knowledge__ Blues modes have been used extensively throughout its recorded history.", "Country music __knowledge__ According to Lindsey Starnes, the term \"country music\" gained popularity in the 1940s in preference to the earlier term \"hillbilly music\"; it came to encompass Western music, which evolved parallel to hillbilly music from similar roots, in the mid-20th century.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The culture of the United Kingdom is influenced by the UK's history as a developed island country, a liberal democracy and a major power; its predominantly Christian religious life; and its composition of four countries—England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland—each of which has distinct customs, cultures and symbolism.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The wider culture of Europe has also influenced British culture, and Humanism, Protestantism and representative democracy developed from broader Western culture.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ British literature, music, cinema, art, theatre, comedy, media, television, philosophy, architecture and education are important aspects of British culture.", "Women in music __knowledge__ Women in music describes the role of women as composers, songwriters, instrumental performers, singers, conductors, music scholars, music educators, music critics/music journalists and other musical professions.", "Women in music __knowledge__ As well, it describes music movements (e.g., women's music, which is music written and performed by women for women), events and genres related to women, women's issues and feminism.", "Women in music __knowledge__ In the 2010s, while women comprise a significant proportion of popular music and classical music singers, and a significant proportion of songwriters (many of them being singer-songwriters), there are few women record producers, rock critics and rock instrumentalists.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ Folk rock is a music genre combining elements of folk music and rock music.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ In its earliest and narrowest sense, the term referred to a genre that arose in the United States and the United Kingdom around the mid-1960s.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ The genre emerged from bands such as the Beatles, the Searchers, and the Animals in the UK, and Bob Dylan and the Byrds in the US, who played traditional folk music and songs with rock instrumentation.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ The term \"folk rock\" is first noted as being used by the U.S. music press in June 1965 to describe the Byrds' music; the band's debut album was released the same month.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ The commercial success of the Byrds' 1965 cover version of Dylan's \"Mr. Tambourine Man\", along with Dylan's own recordings with rock instrumentation—on the albums \"Bringing It All Back Home\" (1965), \"Highway 61 Revisited\" (1965), and \"Blonde on Blonde\" (1966)—encouraged the creation of folk rock groups in the mid-1960s.", "Rock music in Australia __knowledge__ Australian rock, also called Oz rock, is rock music from Australia.", "Rock music in Australia __knowledge__ The nation has a rich history of rock music and an appreciation of the roots of various rock genres, usually originating in the United States or Britain, but also Ireland, continental Europe, and more recently the musical styles of Africa.", "Rock music in Australia __knowledge__ Australian rock has also contributed to the development of some of these genres, as well as having its own unique Australiana sound with pub rock and its indigenous music.", "Rock music in Australia __knowledge__ From 1955 to 1975 three distinct \"waves\" of Australian rock occurred.", "Rock music in Australia __knowledge__ The first wave was from 1955 to 1963 and was influenced by American and British styles with local variants provided by artists such as Johnny O'Keefe, who had a hit with \"Wild One\", which appeared in July 1958." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Rock music __knowledge__ Rock music is a broad genre of popular music that originated as \"rock and roll\" in the United States in the early 1950s, and developed into a range of different styles in the 1960s and later, particularly in the United Kingdom and in the United States.", "Rock music __knowledge__ It has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rock and roll, a style which drew heavily on the African-American genres of blues and rhythm and blues, and from country music.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Rock music also drew strongly on a number of other genres such as electric blues and folk, and incorporated influences from jazz, classical and other musical styles.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Musically, rock has centered on the electric guitar, usually as part of a rock group with electric bass and drums and one or more singers.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Typically, rock is song-based music usually with a 4/4 time signature using a verse–chorus form, but the genre has become extremely diverse.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Like pop music, lyrics often stress romantic love but also address a wide variety of other themes that are frequently social or political.", "Rock music __knowledge__ By the late 1960s \"classic rock\" period, a number of distinct rock music subgenres had emerged, including hybrids like blues rock, folk rock, country rock, raga rock, and jazz-rock, many of which contributed to the development of psychedelic rock, which was influenced by the countercultural psychedelic and hippie scene.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Country music __knowledge__ Country (or country and western) is a musical genre that originated in the southern United States in the early 1920s.", "Country music __knowledge__ It takes its roots from genres such as folk music (especially Appalachian folk music) and blues.", "Country music __knowledge__ Country music often consists of ballads and dance tunes with generally simple forms, folk lyric and harmonies accompanied by mostly string instruments such as banjos, electric and acoustic guitars, steel guitars (such as pedal steels and dobros), and fiddles as well as harmonicas.", "Country music __knowledge__ Blues modes have been used extensively throughout its recorded history.", "Country music __knowledge__ According to Lindsey Starnes, the term \"country music\" gained popularity in the 1940s in preference to the earlier term \"hillbilly music\"; it came to encompass Western music, which evolved parallel to hillbilly music from similar roots, in the mid-20th century.", "Sue Draheim __knowledge__ Sue Draheim ( ) (August 17, 1949 in Oakland, California – April 11, 2013 in Berea, Kentucky) was an American fiddler, boasting a more than forty year musical career in the US and the UK.", "Sue Draheim __knowledge__ Growing up in North Oakland, Draheim began her first private violin lessons at age eleven, having started public school violin instruction at age eight while attending North Oakland's Peralta Elementary School.", "Sue Draheim __knowledge__ She also attended Claremont Jr. High, and graduated from Oakland Technical High School in 1967.", "Sue Draheim __knowledge__ Originally trained as a classical violinist, Draheim became involved in many other genres and recorded albums with groups representing Cajun, Old Time, country, Zydeco, folk jazz, Irish and British folk music.", "Women for the Wall __knowledge__ The conservative Women for the Wall, sometimes abbreviated as W4W, is a grassroots organization founded in April 2013, concerned with preserving Jewish tradition at the Western Wall, also known as the Kotel.", "Women for the Wall __knowledge__ The catalyst for the founding of Women for the Wall was lack of representation for the stand of traditional Jewish women in the controversy surrounding an alternative prayer group known as Women of the Wall (WoW).", "Women for the Wall __knowledge__ In the months leading to the establishment of W4W, Women of the Wall demanded to hold their services in the traditional women's section, rather than the Robinson's Arch area of the Kotel, where alternative prayer services are held.", "Gram Parsons __knowledge__ Ingram Cecil Connor III (November 5, 1946 – September 19, 1973), known professionally as Gram Parsons, was an American singer, songwriter, guitarist, and pianist.", "Gram Parsons __knowledge__ Parsons is best known for his work within the country music genre; he also popularized what he called \"Cosmic American Music\", a hybrid of country, rhythm and blues, soul, folk, and rock.", "Gram Parsons __knowledge__ Besides recording as a solo artist, he played with the International Submarine Band, The Byrds, and The Flying Burrito Brothers.", "Gram Parsons __knowledge__ His relatively short career is described by AllMusic as \"enormously influential\" for country and rock, \"blending the two genres to the point that they became indistinguishable from each other.\"", "Blues __knowledge__ Blues is a music genre and musical form originated by African Americans in the Deep South of the United States around the end of the 19th century.", "Blues __knowledge__ The genre developed from roots in African musical traditions, African-American work songs, spirituals, and the folk music of white Americans of European heritage.", "Blues __knowledge__ Blues incorporated spirituals, work songs, field hollers, shouts, chants, and rhymed simple narrative ballads.", "Blues __knowledge__ The blues form, ubiquitous in jazz, rhythm and blues and rock and roll, is characterized by the call-and-response pattern, the blues scale and specific chord progressions, of which the twelve-bar blues is the most common.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ The music of the United States reflects the country's multi-ethnic population through a diverse array of styles.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ It is a mixture of music influenced by West African, Irish, Scottish and mainland European among others.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ The country's most internationally renowned genres are jazz, blues, country, bluegrass, rock, rhythm and blues, soul, ragtime, hip hop, barbershop, pop, experimental, techno, house, dance, boogaloo, salsa, and rock and roll.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ The United States has the world's largest music market with a total retail value of 4,898.3 million dollars in 2014, and its music is heard around the world.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ Since the beginning of the 20th century, some forms of American popular music have gained a near global audience.", "American popular music __knowledge__ American popular music has had a profound effect on music across the world.", "American popular music __knowledge__ The country has seen the rise of popular styles that have had a significant influence on global culture, including ragtime, blues, jazz, swing, rock, bluegrass, country, R&B, doo wop, gospel, soul, funk, heavy metal, punk, disco, house, techno, salsa, grunge and hip hop.", "American popular music __knowledge__ In addition, the American music industry is quite diverse, supporting a number of regional styles such as zydeco, klezmer and slack-key.", "American popular music __knowledge__ Distinctive styles of American popular music emerged early in the 19th century, and in the 20th century the American music industry developed a series of new forms of music, using elements of blues and other genres of American folk music.", "Origins of rock and roll __knowledge__ Rock and roll emerged as a defined musical style in the United States in the early to mid-1950s.", "Origins of rock and roll __knowledge__ It derived most directly from the rhythm and blues music of the 1940s, which itself developed from earlier blues, boogie woogie, jazz and swing music, and was also influenced by gospel, country and western, and traditional folk music.", "Origins of rock and roll __knowledge__ Rock and roll in turn provided the main basis for the music that, since the mid-1960s, has been generally known simply as rock music.", "Origins of rock and roll __knowledge__ The phrase \"rocking and rolling\" originally described the movement of a ship on the ocean, but it was used by the early twentieth century, both to describe a spiritual fervor and as a sexual analogy.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ Folk rock is a music genre combining elements of folk music and rock music.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ In its earliest and narrowest sense, the term referred to a genre that arose in the United States and the United Kingdom around the mid-1960s.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ The genre emerged from bands such as the Beatles, the Searchers, and the Animals in the UK, and Bob Dylan and the Byrds in the US, who played traditional folk music and songs with rock instrumentation.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ The term \"folk rock\" is first noted as being used by the U.S. music press in June 1965 to describe the Byrds' music; the band's debut album was released the same month.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ The commercial success of the Byrds' 1965 cover version of Dylan's \"Mr. Tambourine Man\", along with Dylan's own recordings with rock instrumentation—on the albums \"Bringing It All Back Home\" (1965), \"Highway 61 Revisited\" (1965), and \"Blonde on Blonde\" (1966)—encouraged the creation of folk rock groups in the mid-1960s." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Rock music __knowledge__ Rock music is a broad genre of popular music that originated as \"rock and roll\" in the United States in the early 1950s, and developed into a range of different styles in the 1960s and later, particularly in the United Kingdom and in the United States.", "Rock music __knowledge__ It has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rock and roll, a style which drew heavily on the African-American genres of blues and rhythm and blues, and from country music.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Rock music also drew strongly on a number of other genres such as electric blues and folk, and incorporated influences from jazz, classical and other musical styles.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Musically, rock has centered on the electric guitar, usually as part of a rock group with electric bass and drums and one or more singers.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Typically, rock is song-based music usually with a 4/4 time signature using a verse–chorus form, but the genre has become extremely diverse.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Like pop music, lyrics often stress romantic love but also address a wide variety of other themes that are frequently social or political.", "Rock music __knowledge__ By the late 1960s \"classic rock\" period, a number of distinct rock music subgenres had emerged, including hybrids like blues rock, folk rock, country rock, raga rock, and jazz-rock, many of which contributed to the development of psychedelic rock, which was influenced by the countercultural psychedelic and hippie scene.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ Guns N' Roses, often abbreviated as GNR, is an American hard rock band from Los Angeles, California, formed in 1985.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ The lineup, when first signed to Geffen Records in 1986, consisted of vocalist Axl Rose, lead guitarist Slash, rhythm guitarist Izzy Stradlin, bassist Duff McKagan, and drummer Steven Adler.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ Guns N' Roses has released six studio albums, accumulating sales of more than 100 million records worldwide, including 45 million in the United States, making them the 41st best-selling artist of all time.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ Guns N' Roses' debut album, \"Appetite for Destruction\" (1987), reached number one on the \"Billboard\" 200 a year after its release, on the strength of \"Sweet Child o' Mine\", the band's only single to reach number one on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100.", "Not in This Lifetime... Tour __knowledge__ The Not in This Lifetime... Tour is an ongoing concert tour by hard rock band Guns N' Roses.", "Not in This Lifetime... Tour __knowledge__ It features classic lineup members Axl Rose, Slash and Duff McKagan, marking the first time since the Use Your Illusion Tour in 1993 that the three performed together.", "Not in This Lifetime... Tour __knowledge__ After the previous tour in 2014, guitarists DJ Ashba & Ron \"Bumblefoot\" Thal, bassist Tommy Stinson and keyboardist Chris Pitman left Guns N' Roses, leaving the band with several open spots.", "Not in This Lifetime... Tour __knowledge__ Former members Slash and McKagan rejoined the band and Melissa Reese joined as keyboardist.", "Not in This Lifetime... Tour __knowledge__ The group embarked on the world tour that spanned several continents, with 148 shows performed or scheduled so far.", "Axl Rose __knowledge__ W. Axl Rose (born William Bruce Rose Jr.; raised as William Bruce Bailey; February 6, 1962) is an American singer, songwriter, record producer and musician.", "Axl Rose __knowledge__ He is the lead vocalist of the hard rock band Guns N' Roses, and has also been the band's sole constant member since its inception in 1985.", "Axl Rose __knowledge__ In addition to Guns N' Roses, he has been the lead singer of AC/DC since 2016.", "Axl Rose __knowledge__ Due to his powerful and very large vocal range and energetic live performances, Rose has been named one of the greatest singers of all time by various media outlets, including \"Rolling Stone\" and \"NME\".", "Axl Rose __knowledge__ Born and raised in Lafayette, Indiana, Rose moved in the early 1980s to Los Angeles, where he became active in the local hard rock scene and joined several bands, including Hollywood Rose and L.A.", "Slash (musician) __knowledge__ Saul Hudson (born July 23, 1965), better known by his stage name Slash, is a British-American musician and songwriter.", "Slash (musician) __knowledge__ He is best known as the lead guitarist of the American hard rock band Guns N' Roses, with whom he achieved worldwide success in the late 1980s and early 1990s.", "Slash (musician) __knowledge__ During his later years with Guns N' Roses, Slash formed the side project Slash's Snakepit.", "Slash (musician) __knowledge__ After leaving Guns N' Roses in 1996, he co-founded the supergroup Velvet Revolver, which re-established him as a mainstream performer in the mid to late 2000s.", "Slash (musician) __knowledge__ Slash has since released three solo albums: \"Slash\" (2010), featuring an array of famous guest musicians, and \"Apocalyptic Love\" (2012) and \"World on Fire\" (2014), recorded with his band, Myles Kennedy and the Conspirators.", "Duff McKagan __knowledge__ Michael Andrew \"Duff\" McKagan (born February 5, 1964) is an American bass guitarist, singer, songwriter and author.", "Duff McKagan __knowledge__ He is best known for his twelve-year tenure with the hard rock band Guns N' Roses, with whom he achieved worldwide success in the late 1980s and early 1990s.", "Duff McKagan __knowledge__ McKagan rejoined the band in 2016, following their induction into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.", "Duff McKagan __knowledge__ Toward the end of his first tenure with Guns N' Roses, McKagan released a solo album, \"Believe in Me\" (1993), and formed the short-lived supergroup Neurotic Outsiders.", "Duff McKagan __knowledge__ Following his departure from Guns N' Roses in 1997, McKagan briefly reunited with his pre-success Seattle punk band 10 Minute Warning, before forming the still-active hard rock band Loaded, in which he performs lead vocals and rhythm guitar.", "Aerosmith __knowledge__ Aerosmith is an American rock band, sometimes referred to as \"the Bad Boys from Boston\" and \"America's Greatest Rock and Roll Band\".", "Aerosmith __knowledge__ Their style, which is rooted in blues-based hard rock, has come to also incorporate elements of pop, heavy metal, and rhythm and blues, and has inspired many subsequent rock artists.", "Aerosmith __knowledge__ They were formed in Boston, Massachusetts in 1970.", "Aerosmith __knowledge__ Guitarist Joe Perry and bassist Tom Hamilton, originally in a band together called the Jam Band, met up with vocalist/pianist/harmonicist Steven Tyler, drummer Joey Kramer, and guitarist Ray Tabano, and formed Aerosmith.", "Aerosmith __knowledge__ In 1971, Tabano was replaced by Brad Whitford, and the band began developing a following in Boston.", "Chinese Democracy __knowledge__ Chinese Democracy is the sixth studio album by American hard rock band Guns N' Roses.", "Chinese Democracy __knowledge__ It was released on November 23, 2008, by Geffen Records.", "Chinese Democracy __knowledge__ The album was the band's first studio album since \"\"The Spaghetti Incident?\"\"", "Chinese Democracy __knowledge__ in November 1993, and their first album of original studio material since the simultaneous releases of \"Use Your Illusion I\" and \"II\" in September 1991.", "Chinese Democracy __knowledge__ Although it debuted at number three on the \"Billboard\" 200 and was certified Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), \"Chinese Democracy\" domestically undersold expectations.", "Chinese Democracy __knowledge__ It received generally favorable reviews from music critics.", "Blues __knowledge__ Blues is a music genre and musical form originated by African Americans in the Deep South of the United States around the end of the 19th century.", "Blues __knowledge__ The genre developed from roots in African musical traditions, African-American work songs, spirituals, and the folk music of white Americans of European heritage.", "Blues __knowledge__ Blues incorporated spirituals, work songs, field hollers, shouts, chants, and rhymed simple narrative ballads.", "Blues __knowledge__ The blues form, ubiquitous in jazz, rhythm and blues and rock and roll, is characterized by the call-and-response pattern, the blues scale and specific chord progressions, of which the twelve-bar blues is the most common.", "British rhythm and blues __knowledge__ British rhythm and blues (or R&B) was a musical movement that developed in the United Kingdom between the late 1950s and the early 1960s, and reached a peak in the mid-1960s.", "British rhythm and blues __knowledge__ It overlapped with, but was distinct from, the broader British beat and more purist British blues scenes, attempting to emulate the music of African American blues and rock and roll pioneers, such as Muddy Waters and Howlin' Wolf, Chuck Berry and Bo Diddley.", "British rhythm and blues __knowledge__ It often placed greater emphasis on guitars and was often played with greater energy.", "British rhythm and blues __knowledge__ The origins of the movement were in the British jazz, skiffle and folk movements of the 1950s.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Jazz is a music genre that originated in the African-American communities of New Orleans, United States, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and developed from roots in blues and ragtime.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Jazz is seen by many as 'America's classical music'.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Since the 1920s Jazz Age, jazz has become recognized as a major form of musical expression.", "Jazz __knowledge__ It then emerged in the form of independent traditional and popular musical styles, all linked by the common bonds of African-American and European-American musical parentage with a performance orientation.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Jazz is characterized by swing and blue notes, call and response vocals, polyrhythms and improvisation.", "Appropriation (music) __knowledge__ In music, appropriation is the use of borrowed elements (aspects or techniques) in the creation of a new piece.", "Appropriation (music) __knowledge__ Appropriation may be thought of as one of the placement of elements in new context, as for Gino Stefani who \"makes appropriation the chief criterion for his 'popular' definition of melody (Stefani 1987a).", "Appropriation (music) __knowledge__ Melody, he argues, is music 'at hand'; it is that dimension which the common musical competence extracts (often with little respect for the integrity of the source), appropriates and uses for a variety of purposes: singing, whistling, dancing, and so on.\"", "Appropriation (music) __knowledge__ (Middleton, p. 96) Thus elements may be placed in a different form, placed with new elements, or varied.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ Folk rock is a music genre combining elements of folk music and rock music.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ In its earliest and narrowest sense, the term referred to a genre that arose in the United States and the United Kingdom around the mid-1960s.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ The genre emerged from bands such as the Beatles, the Searchers, and the Animals in the UK, and Bob Dylan and the Byrds in the US, who played traditional folk music and songs with rock instrumentation.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ The term \"folk rock\" is first noted as being used by the U.S. music press in June 1965 to describe the Byrds' music; the band's debut album was released the same month.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ The commercial success of the Byrds' 1965 cover version of Dylan's \"Mr. Tambourine Man\", along with Dylan's own recordings with rock instrumentation—on the albums \"Bringing It All Back Home\" (1965), \"Highway 61 Revisited\" (1965), and \"Blonde on Blonde\" (1966)—encouraged the creation of folk rock groups in the mid-1960s.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ The music of the United States reflects the country's multi-ethnic population through a diverse array of styles.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ It is a mixture of music influenced by West African, Irish, Scottish and mainland European among others.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ The country's most internationally renowned genres are jazz, blues, country, bluegrass, rock, rhythm and blues, soul, ragtime, hip hop, barbershop, pop, experimental, techno, house, dance, boogaloo, salsa, and rock and roll.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ The United States has the world's largest music market with a total retail value of 4,898.3 million dollars in 2014, and its music is heard around the world.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ Since the beginning of the 20th century, some forms of American popular music have gained a near global audience." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Rock music __knowledge__ Rock music is a broad genre of popular music that originated as \"rock and roll\" in the United States in the early 1950s, and developed into a range of different styles in the 1960s and later, particularly in the United Kingdom and in the United States.", "Rock music __knowledge__ It has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rock and roll, a style which drew heavily on the African-American genres of blues and rhythm and blues, and from country music.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Rock music also drew strongly on a number of other genres such as electric blues and folk, and incorporated influences from jazz, classical and other musical styles.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Musically, rock has centered on the electric guitar, usually as part of a rock group with electric bass and drums and one or more singers.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Typically, rock is song-based music usually with a 4/4 time signature using a verse–chorus form, but the genre has become extremely diverse.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Like pop music, lyrics often stress romantic love but also address a wide variety of other themes that are frequently social or political.", "Rock music __knowledge__ By the late 1960s \"classic rock\" period, a number of distinct rock music subgenres had emerged, including hybrids like blues rock, folk rock, country rock, raga rock, and jazz-rock, many of which contributed to the development of psychedelic rock, which was influenced by the countercultural psychedelic and hippie scene.", "The Smashing Pumpkins __knowledge__ The Smashing Pumpkins (or Smashing Pumpkins) are an American alternative rock band from Chicago, Illinois, formed in 1988.", "The Smashing Pumpkins __knowledge__ Formed by frontman Billy Corgan (lead vocals, guitar) and James Iha (guitar), the band included D'arcy Wretzky (bass guitar) and Jimmy Chamberlin (drums) in its original incarnation.", "The Smashing Pumpkins __knowledge__ It has undergone many line-up changes over the course of its existence, with the current lineup being Corgan and rhythm guitarist Jeff Schroeder.", "The Smashing Pumpkins __knowledge__ Disavowing the punk rock roots of many of their alt-rock contemporaries, they have a diverse, densely layered, and guitar-heavy sound, containing elements of gothic rock, heavy metal, dream pop, psychedelic rock, progressive rock, shoegazing, and electronica in later recordings.", "Billy Corgan __knowledge__ William Patrick Corgan Jr. (born March 17, 1967) is an American musician, songwriter, producer, poet, and professional wrestling magnate.", "Billy Corgan __knowledge__ He is best known as the lead singer, primary songwriter, guitarist, and sole permanent member of The Smashing Pumpkins.", "Billy Corgan __knowledge__ Formed by Corgan and guitarist James Iha in Chicago, Illinois, in 1988, the band quickly gained steam with the addition of bassist D'arcy Wretzky and drummer Jimmy Chamberlin.", "Billy Corgan __knowledge__ Strong album sales and large-scale tours propelled the band's increasing fame in the 1990s until their break-up in 2000.", "Billy Corgan __knowledge__ Corgan started a new band called Zwan, and after their quick demise, he released a solo album \"TheFutureEmbrace\" in 2005 and a collection of poetry (\"Blinking with Fists\") before setting his sights on reforming Smashing Pumpkins.", "Zeitgeist (The Smashing Pumpkins album) __knowledge__ Zeitgeist is the seventh album by American alternative rock band The Smashing Pumpkins, released on July 10, 2007 in the United States and Canada.", "Zeitgeist (The Smashing Pumpkins album) __knowledge__ It was the first album The Smashing Pumpkins released after their 2000 disbandment and 2005 reunion.", "Zeitgeist (The Smashing Pumpkins album) __knowledge__ The album was produced by Roy Thomas Baker, Billy Corgan, Jimmy Chamberlin, and Terry Date.", "Zeitgeist (The Smashing Pumpkins album) __knowledge__ The album would be Chamberlin's last with the band before his departure in 2009.", "Zeitgeist (The Smashing Pumpkins album) __knowledge__ The album debuted strongly, but sales soon decreased, and critical reception was mixed.", "Zeitgeist (The Smashing Pumpkins album) __knowledge__ It was certified Gold in the United States on February 1, 2008.", "Zeitgeist (The Smashing Pumpkins album) __knowledge__ After The Smashing Pumpkins disbanded in 2000, Corgan and Chamberlin reunited for the short-lived supergroup Zwan, also featuring members of Slint, Chavez, and A Perfect Circle.", "Grunge __knowledge__ Grunge (sometimes referred to as the Seattle sound) is a subgenre of alternative rock and a subculture that emerged during the in the Pacific Northwest U.S. state of Washington, particularly in Seattle and nearby towns.", "Grunge __knowledge__ The early grunge movement revolved around Seattle's independent record label Sub Pop and that region's underground music scene.", "Grunge __knowledge__ By the early 1990s its popularity had spread, with grunge bands appearing in California, then emerging in other parts of the United States and in Australia, building strong followings and signing major record deals.", "Grunge __knowledge__ Grunge was commercially successful in the early–mid 1990s, due to releases such as Nirvana's \"Nevermind\", Pearl Jam's \"Ten\", Soundgarden's \"Superunknown\", Alice in Chains' \"Dirt\" and Stone Temple Pilots' \"Core\".", "Melissa Auf der Maur __knowledge__ Melissa Gaboriau Auf der Maur (; born March 17, 1972) is a Canadian musician, singer-songwriter, photographer and actress.", "Melissa Auf der Maur __knowledge__ Auf der Maur began performing in 1993 after forming the indie rock band Tinker while she was a student at Concordia University.", "Melissa Auf der Maur __knowledge__ She was recruited as the bassist for the American alternative rock band Hole in the summer of 1994 and is included on several Hole releases, including the album \"Celebrity Skin\" (1998).", "Melissa Auf der Maur __knowledge__ Following her departure from Hole in 1999, Auf der Maur briefly joined The Smashing Pumpkins as a touring member for its 2000 tour and began her solo career; her debut studio album, \"Auf der Maur\", was released in 2004 on Capitol Records and her second studio album, \"Out of Our Minds\", was released in 2010 on her own independent record label, PHI–MAdM Music.", "Today (The Smashing Pumpkins song) __knowledge__ \"Today\" is a song by American alternative rock band The Smashing Pumpkins, written by lead vocalist and guitarist Billy Corgan.", "Today (The Smashing Pumpkins song) __knowledge__ The song, though seemingly upbeat, contains dark lyrics.", "Today (The Smashing Pumpkins song) __knowledge__ Corgan wrote the song about a day in which he was having suicidal thoughts, exemplified by the reference to self-mutilation in the chorus.", "Today (The Smashing Pumpkins song) __knowledge__ The contrast between the grim subject matter of the song and the soft instrumental part during the verses, coupled with use of irony in the lyrics, left many listeners unaware of the song's tale of depression and desperation.", "Today (The Smashing Pumpkins song) __knowledge__ The song alternates between quiet, dreamy verses and loud choruses with layered, distorted guitar.", "Jimmy Chamberlin __knowledge__ James Joseph Chamberlin (born June 10, 1964) is an American drummer and record producer.", "Jimmy Chamberlin __knowledge__ He is best known as the drummer for the alternative rock band The Smashing Pumpkins.", "Jimmy Chamberlin __knowledge__ Following the 2000 breakup of the band, Chamberlin joined Pumpkins frontman Billy Corgan in the supergroup Zwan and also formed his own group, the Jimmy Chamberlin Complex.", "Jimmy Chamberlin __knowledge__ In 2005, Chamberlin joined Corgan in reforming The Smashing Pumpkins; he eventually left the group in March 2009, though he returned again in 2015 for a summer tour.", "Jimmy Chamberlin __knowledge__ He performed in the group Skysaw until 2012.", "Jimmy Chamberlin __knowledge__ He is currently active under the Jimmy Chamberlin Complex name.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ An electric guitar is a guitar that uses one or more pickups to convert the vibration of its strings into electrical signals.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ The vibration occurs when a guitarist strums, plucks, fingerpicks, or taps the strings.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ The pickup used to sense the vibration generally uses electromagnetic induction to do so, though other technologies exist.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ In any case, the signal generated by an electric guitar is too weak to drive a loudspeaker, so it is sent to a guitar amplifier before being sent to the speaker, which converts it into audible sound.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ Since the output of an electric guitar is an electric signal, it can be electronically altered by to change the timbre of the sound.", "American rock __knowledge__ American rock is rock music from the United States.", "American rock __knowledge__ It has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rock and roll, rhythm and blues, and country music, and also drew on folk music, jazz, blues, and classical music.", "American rock __knowledge__ American rock music was further influenced by the British Invasion of the American pop charts from 1964 and resulted in the development of garage rock.", "American rock __knowledge__ From the late 1960s and early 1970s, American rock music was highly influential in the development of a number of fusions, including blending with folk music to create folk rock, with blues to create blues rock, with country music to create country rock, roots rock and southern rock and with jazz to create jazz rock, all of which contributed to psychedelic rock.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ Folk rock is a music genre combining elements of folk music and rock music.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ In its earliest and narrowest sense, the term referred to a genre that arose in the United States and the United Kingdom around the mid-1960s.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ The genre emerged from bands such as the Beatles, the Searchers, and the Animals in the UK, and Bob Dylan and the Byrds in the US, who played traditional folk music and songs with rock instrumentation.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ The term \"folk rock\" is first noted as being used by the U.S. music press in June 1965 to describe the Byrds' music; the band's debut album was released the same month.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ The commercial success of the Byrds' 1965 cover version of Dylan's \"Mr. Tambourine Man\", along with Dylan's own recordings with rock instrumentation—on the albums \"Bringing It All Back Home\" (1965), \"Highway 61 Revisited\" (1965), and \"Blonde on Blonde\" (1966)—encouraged the creation of folk rock groups in the mid-1960s.", "Rock music in Australia __knowledge__ Australian rock, also called Oz rock, is rock music from Australia.", "Rock music in Australia __knowledge__ The nation has a rich history of rock music and an appreciation of the roots of various rock genres, usually originating in the United States or Britain, but also Ireland, continental Europe, and more recently the musical styles of Africa.", "Rock music in Australia __knowledge__ Australian rock has also contributed to the development of some of these genres, as well as having its own unique Australiana sound with pub rock and its indigenous music.", "Rock music in Australia __knowledge__ From 1955 to 1975 three distinct \"waves\" of Australian rock occurred.", "Rock music in Australia __knowledge__ The first wave was from 1955 to 1963 and was influenced by American and British styles with local variants provided by artists such as Johnny O'Keefe, who had a hit with \"Wild One\", which appeared in July 1958.", "Rock music in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ British rock describes a wide variety of forms of music made in the United Kingdom.", "Rock music in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Since around 1964, with the \"British Invasion\" of the United States spearheaded by the Beatles, British rock music has had a considerable impact on the development of American music and rock music across the world.", "Rock music in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Initial attempts to emulate American rock and roll took place in Britain in the mid-1950s, but the terms \"rock music\" and \"rock\" usually refer to the music derived from the blues-rock and other genres that emerged during the 1960s.", "Rock music in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The term is often used in combination with other terms to describe a variety of hybrids or subgenres, and is often contrasted with pop music, with which it shares many structures and instrumentation." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 4, 7 ]

[ "I love rock music. I like the early 1950s when it originated in the United States. It took to the UK around the 1960s Good stuff then too.", "I really do. Rock music also has roots from blues and country music from as far back as the 1940s and 1950s.", "Im not all that sure to be honest. Rock music also drew influence from jazz, electric blues and folk, and even some classical styles. It really is a mixed bag. ", "I like lots of new indie rock. Rock music mainly centers on the electric guitar. I really wish I knew how to play. ", "I love them too. I was listening to some psychedelic rock music the other day. That really blew up in the late 1960s as a sub genre of sorts. It was influenced by the hippie movement. Interesting stuff." ]

[ "Rock music", "Rock music", "Rock music", "Rock music", "Rock music" ]

[ "Radiology\nI am a radiology student at a local college. I will graduate next year", "Yes, learning to place each machine in the proper place is difficult.", "Yes, I have learned that with breast exams. When we have a person, hopefully we also have a series of x-rays taken before", "Oh, I hope I can learn that. I think I need advanced courses." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Radiology __knowledge__ Radiology is the science that uses medical imaging to diagnose and sometimes also treat diseases within the body.", "Radiology __knowledge__ A variety of imaging techniques such as X-ray radiography, ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), nuclear medicine including positron emission tomography (PET), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are used to diagnose and/or treat diseases.", "Radiology __knowledge__ Interventional radiology is the performance of (usually minimally invasive) medical procedures with the guidance of imaging technologies.", "Radiology __knowledge__ The acquisition of medical images is usually carried out by the radiographer, often known as a \"Radiologic Technologist\".", "Radiology __knowledge__ The Diagnostic Radiologist, a specially trained doctor, then interprets or \"reads\" the images and produces a report of their findings and impression or diagnosis.", "Radiology __knowledge__ In some places, a Reporting Radiographer, a radiographer with advanced training, may also interpret basic images.", "Radiology __knowledge__ This report is then transmitted to the Clinician who requested the imaging.", "Radiology __knowledge__ The report can initially be made as a \"wet-read\" which is a rapid preliminary response to a clinical question, which will generally followed later by a final report.", "Radiology __knowledge__ Medical images are stored digitally in the picture archiving and communication system (PACS) where they can be viewed by all members of the healthcare team within the same health system and compared later on with future imaging exams.", "Medical school __knowledge__ A medical school is a tertiary educational institution —or part of such an institution— that teaches medicine, and awards a professional degree for physicians and surgeons.", "Medical school __knowledge__ Such medical degrees include the Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS, MBChB, BMBS), Doctor of Medicine (MD), or Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine (DO).", "Medical school __knowledge__ Many medical schools offer additional degrees, such as a Doctor of Philosophy, Master's degree, a physician assistant program, or other post-secondary education.", "Medical school __knowledge__ Medical schools can also carry out medical research and operate teaching hospitals.", "Medical school __knowledge__ Around the world, criteria, structure, teaching methodology, and nature of medical programs offered at medical schools vary considerably.", "Residency (medicine) __knowledge__ Residency is a stage of graduate medical training.", "Residency (medicine) __knowledge__ A resident or house officer is a physician (one who holds the degree of M.D., D.O., or MBBS, MBChB, or BMed) who practices medicine usually in a hospital or clinic under the direct or indirect supervision of an attending physician.", "Residency (medicine) __knowledge__ Successful completion of a residency program is a requirement to obtaining an unrestricted license to practice medicine in many jurisdictions.", "Residency (medicine) __knowledge__ Residency training may be followed by fellowship or \"sub-specialty\" training.", "Residency (medicine) __knowledge__ Whereas medical school teaches physicians a broad range of medical knowledge, basic clinical skills, and supervised experience practicing medicine in a variety of fields, medical residency gives in-depth training within a specific branch of medicine.", "Peter Kerley __knowledge__ Sir Peter James Kerley KCVO (1900–1979) was an Irish radiologist famous for his role in the lung surgery of King George VI and the naming of the radiological sign in heart failure, kerley lines.", "Peter Kerley __knowledge__ Kerley had his initial radiological training in Vienna at a time when it was the new science.", "Peter Kerley __knowledge__ On his return, he completed his studies in Cambridge and took up a post in Westminster Hospital.", "Peter Kerley __knowledge__ Here, he worked closely with Sir Clement Price Thomas and also edited a major radiology textbook.", "Peter Kerley __knowledge__ Following his early return from India and Singapore during World War II, Kerley continued his work in radiology of the heart and lungs and became radiology advisor to the ministry of health.", "Global radiology __knowledge__ Global radiology, a subspecialty of diagnostic radiology, comprises the study and practice of improving access to radiology resources in poor and developing countries, and addressing global health inequities through the application of radiology.", "Global radiology __knowledge__ Similar to the fields of public health and global health, global radiology draws on and encourages collaboration with nonmedical specialties relevant to disease patterns and the provision of medical services, including economic development, biomedical technology, engineering and social sciences.", "Global radiology __knowledge__ According to the World Health Organization, one half to two-thirds of the global population lacks access to radiological services due primarily to shortages in diagnostic equipment and trained personnel.", "Baylor University __knowledge__ Baylor University (BU) is a private Baptist university in Waco, Texas.", "Baylor University __knowledge__ Chartered in 1845 by the last Congress of the Republic of Texas, it is the oldest continuously operating university in Texas and one of the first educational institutions west of the Mississippi River in the United States.", "Baylor University __knowledge__ Located on the banks of the Brazos River next to I-35, between the Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex and Austin, the university's 1,000-acre campus is the largest Baptist university campus in the world.", "Baylor University __knowledge__ Baylor University's athletic teams, known as the Bears, participate in 19 intercollegiate sports.", "Baylor University __knowledge__ The university is a member of the Big 12 Conference in the NCAA Division I.", "Teleradiology __knowledge__ Teleradiology is the transmission of radiological patient images, such as x-rays, CTs, and MRIs, from one location to another for the purposes of sharing studies with other radiologists and physicians.", "Teleradiology __knowledge__ Teleradiology is a growth technology given that imaging procedures are growing approximately 15% annually against an increase of only 2% in the radiologist population.", "Teleradiology __knowledge__ Teleradiology improves patient care by allowing radiologists to provide services without actually having to be at the location of the patient.", "Teleradiology __knowledge__ This is particularly important when a sub-specialist such as a MRI radiologist, neuroradiologist, pediatric radiologist, or musculoskeletal radiologist is needed, since these professionals are generally only located in large metropolitan areas working during daytime hours." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Radiology __knowledge__ Radiology is the science that uses medical imaging to diagnose and sometimes also treat diseases within the body.", "Radiology __knowledge__ A variety of imaging techniques such as X-ray radiography, ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), nuclear medicine including positron emission tomography (PET), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are used to diagnose and/or treat diseases.", "Radiology __knowledge__ Interventional radiology is the performance of (usually minimally invasive) medical procedures with the guidance of imaging technologies.", "Radiology __knowledge__ The acquisition of medical images is usually carried out by the radiographer, often known as a \"Radiologic Technologist\".", "Radiology __knowledge__ The Diagnostic Radiologist, a specially trained doctor, then interprets or \"reads\" the images and produces a report of their findings and impression or diagnosis.", "Radiology __knowledge__ In some places, a Reporting Radiographer, a radiographer with advanced training, may also interpret basic images.", "Radiology __knowledge__ This report is then transmitted to the Clinician who requested the imaging.", "Radiology __knowledge__ The report can initially be made as a \"wet-read\" which is a rapid preliminary response to a clinical question, which will generally followed later by a final report.", "Radiology __knowledge__ Medical images are stored digitally in the picture archiving and communication system (PACS) where they can be viewed by all members of the healthcare team within the same health system and compared later on with future imaging exams.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Machine learning __knowledge__ Machine learning is a field of computer science that gives computers the ability to learn without being explicitly programmed.", "Machine learning __knowledge__ Arthur Samuel, an American pioneer in the field of computer gaming and artificial intelligence, coined the term \"Machine Learning\" in 1959 while at IBM.", "Machine learning __knowledge__ Evolved from the study of pattern recognition and computational learning theory in artificial intelligence, machine learning explores the study and construction of algorithms that can learn from and make predictions on data – such algorithms overcome following strictly static program instructions by making data-driven predictions or decisions, through building a model from sample inputs.", "Computational complexity theory __knowledge__ Computational complexity theory is a branch of the theory of computation in theoretical computer science that focuses on classifying computational problems according to their inherent difficulty, and relating those classes to each other.", "Computational complexity theory __knowledge__ A computational problem is understood to be a task that is in principle amenable to being solved by a computer, which is equivalent to stating that the problem may be solved by mechanical application of mathematical steps, such as an algorithm.", "Computational complexity theory __knowledge__ A problem is regarded as inherently difficult if its solution requires significant resources, whatever the algorithm used.", "Martin Kay __knowledge__ Martin Kay is a computer scientist, born in 1935, known especially for his work in computational linguistics.", "Martin Kay __knowledge__ Born and raised in the United Kingdom, he received his M.A.", "Martin Kay __knowledge__ from Trinity College, Cambridge, in 1961.", "Martin Kay __knowledge__ In 1958 he started to work at the Cambridge Language Research Unit, one of the earliest centres for research in what is now known as Computational Linguistics.", "Martin Kay __knowledge__ In 1961, he moved to the Rand Corporation in Santa Monica, California, US, where he eventually became head of research in linguistics and machine translation.", "Martin Kay __knowledge__ He left Rand in 1972 to become Chair of the Department of Computer Science at the University of California, Irvine.", "Artificial intelligence __knowledge__ Artificial intelligence (AI, also machine intelligence, MI) is intelligence displayed by machines, in contrast with the natural intelligence (NI) displayed by humans and other animals.", "Artificial intelligence __knowledge__ In computer science AI research is defined as the study of \"intelligent agents\": any device that perceives its environment and takes actions that maximize its chance of success at some goal.", "Artificial intelligence __knowledge__ Colloquially, the term \"artificial intelligence\" is applied when a machine mimics \"cognitive\" functions that humans associate with other human minds, such as \"learning\" and \"problem solving\".", "Artificial intelligence __knowledge__ See glossary of artificial intelligence.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ A referendum on Scottish independence from the United Kingdom took place on 18 September 2014.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The referendum question, which voters answered with \"Yes\" or \"No\", was \"Should Scotland be an independent country?\"", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The \"No\" side won, with 2,001,926 (55.3%) voting against independence and 1,617,989 (44.7%) voting in favour.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The turnout of 84.6% was the highest recorded for an election or referendum in the United Kingdom since the introduction of universal suffrage.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The Scottish Independence Referendum Act 2013, setting out the arrangements for the referendum, was passed by the Scottish Parliament in November 2013, following an agreement between the Scottish Government and the United Kingdom government.", "Battle of the Atom __knowledge__ \"Battle of the Atom\" is a 10-part comic book crossover storyline published by Marvel Comics that debuted in September and October 2013 and ran through multiple X-Men books.", "Battle of the Atom __knowledge__ The story involves the X-Men of the future traveling to present time in order to force the All-New X-Men (original five X-Men) to return to their rightful time, as their presence in the current timeline will result in disastrous consequences.", "Battle of the Atom __knowledge__ \"Battle of the Atom\" was announced in April 2013.", "Battle of the Atom __knowledge__ The story involves the X-Men of the future traveling to present time in order to force the All-New X-Men to return to their rightful time, as their presence in the current timeline will result in disastrous consequences.", "Medical imaging __knowledge__ Medical imaging is the technique and process of creating visual representations of the interior of a body for clinical analysis and medical intervention, as well as visual representation of the function of some organs or tissues (physiology).", "Medical imaging __knowledge__ Medical imaging seeks to reveal internal structures hidden by the skin and bones, as well as to diagnose and treat disease.", "Medical imaging __knowledge__ Medical imaging also establishes a database of normal anatomy and physiology to make it possible to identify abnormalities.", "Medical imaging __knowledge__ Although imaging of removed organs and tissues can be performed for medical reasons, such procedures are usually considered part of pathology instead of medical imaging.", "Nuclear medicine __knowledge__ Nuclear medicine is a medical specialty involving the application of radioactive substances in the diagnosis and treatment of disease.", "Nuclear medicine __knowledge__ Nuclear medicine, in a sense, is \"radiology done inside out\" or \"endoradiology\" because it records radiation emitting from within the body rather than radiation that is generated by external sources like X-rays.", "Nuclear medicine __knowledge__ In addition, nuclear medicine scans differ from radiology as the emphasis is not on imaging anatomy but the function and for such reason, it is called a physiological imaging modality.", "Nuclear medicine __knowledge__ Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) scans are the two most common imaging modalities in nuclear medicine.", "Medical physics __knowledge__ Medical physics (also called biomedical physics, medical biophysics or applied physics in medicine) is, generally speaking, the application of physics concepts, theories and methods to medicine or healthcare.", "Medical physics __knowledge__ Medical physics departments may be found in hospitals or universities.", "Medical physics __knowledge__ In the case of hospital work, the term medical physicist is the title of a specific healthcare profession, usually working within a hospital.", "Medical physics __knowledge__ Medical physicists are often found in the following healthcare specialties: diagnostic and interventional radiology (also known as medical imaging), nuclear medicine, radiation protection and radiation oncology.", "Abass Alavi __knowledge__ Abass Alavi () is an Iranian-American physician-scientist specializing in the field of molecular imaging, most notably in the imaging modality of positron emission tomography (PET).", "Abass Alavi __knowledge__ In August 1976, he became the first to perform human PET studies of the brain and whole body using the radiotracer [18F]Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG).", "Abass Alavi __knowledge__ Alavi holds the position of Professor of Radiology and Neurology, as well as Director of Research Education in the Department of Radiology at the University of Pennsylvania.", "Abass Alavi __knowledge__ Over a career spanning five decades, he has amassed over 2,300 publications and 50,000 citations, earning an h-index of 111 and placing his publication record in the top percentile of scientists.", "Preclinical imaging __knowledge__ Preclinical imaging is the visualization of living animals for research purposes, such as drug development.", "Preclinical imaging __knowledge__ Imaging modalities have long been crucial to the researcher in observing changes, either at the organ, tissue, cell, or molecular level, in animals responding to physiological or environmental changes.", "Preclinical imaging __knowledge__ Imaging modalities that are non-invasive and \"in vivo\" have become especially important to study animal models longitudinally.", "Preclinical imaging __knowledge__ Broadly speaking, these imaging systems can be categorized into primarily morphological/anatomical and primarily molecular imaging techniques.", "Preclinical imaging __knowledge__ Techniques such as high-frequency micro-ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) are usually used for anatomical imaging, while optical imaging (fluorescence and bioluminescence), positron emission tomography (PET), and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) are usually used for molecular visualizations.", "Gamma ray __knowledge__ Gamma rays (also called gamma radiation), denoted by the lower-case Greek letter gamma (γ or formula_1 ), are penetrating electromagnetic radiation of a kind arising from the radioactive decay of atomic nuclei.", "Gamma ray __knowledge__ It consists of photons in the highest observed range of photon energy.", "Gamma ray __knowledge__ Paul Villard, a French chemist and physicist, discovered gamma radiation in 1900 while studying radiation emitted by radium.", "Gamma ray __knowledge__ In 1903, Ernest Rutherford named this radiation \"gamma rays\".", "Gamma ray __knowledge__ Rutherford had previously discovered two other types of radioactive decay, which he named alpha rays and beta rays.", "Gamma ray __knowledge__ The decay of an atomic nucleus from a high energy state to a lower energy state, a process called \"gamma decay\", produces gamma radiation." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Radiology __knowledge__ Radiology is the science that uses medical imaging to diagnose and sometimes also treat diseases within the body.", "Radiology __knowledge__ A variety of imaging techniques such as X-ray radiography, ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), nuclear medicine including positron emission tomography (PET), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are used to diagnose and/or treat diseases.", "Radiology __knowledge__ Interventional radiology is the performance of (usually minimally invasive) medical procedures with the guidance of imaging technologies.", "Radiology __knowledge__ The acquisition of medical images is usually carried out by the radiographer, often known as a \"Radiologic Technologist\".", "Radiology __knowledge__ The Diagnostic Radiologist, a specially trained doctor, then interprets or \"reads\" the images and produces a report of their findings and impression or diagnosis.", "Radiology __knowledge__ In some places, a Reporting Radiographer, a radiographer with advanced training, may also interpret basic images.", "Radiology __knowledge__ This report is then transmitted to the Clinician who requested the imaging.", "Radiology __knowledge__ The report can initially be made as a \"wet-read\" which is a rapid preliminary response to a clinical question, which will generally followed later by a final report.", "Radiology __knowledge__ Medical images are stored digitally in the picture archiving and communication system (PACS) where they can be viewed by all members of the healthcare team within the same health system and compared later on with future imaging exams.", "Breast cancer __knowledge__ Breast cancer is cancer that develops from breast tissue.", "Breast cancer __knowledge__ Signs of breast cancer may include a lump in the breast, a change in breast shape, dimpling of the skin, fluid coming from the nipple, or a red scaly patch of skin.", "Breast cancer __knowledge__ In those with distant spread of the disease, there may be bone pain, swollen lymph nodes, shortness of breath, or yellow skin.", "Breast cancer __knowledge__ Risk factors for developing breast cancer include being female, obesity, lack of physical exercise, drinking alcohol, hormone replacement therapy during menopause, ionizing radiation, early age at first menstruation, having children late or not at all, older age, and family history.", "Breast cancer screening __knowledge__ Breast cancer screening is the medical screening of asymptomatic, apparently healthy women for breast cancer in an attempt to achieve an earlier diagnosis.", "Breast cancer screening __knowledge__ The assumption is that early detection will improve outcomes.", "Breast cancer screening __knowledge__ A number of screening tests have been employed, including clinical and self breast exams, mammography, genetic screening, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging.", "Breast cancer screening __knowledge__ A clinical or self breast exam involves feeling the breast for lumps or other abnormalities.", "Breast cancer screening __knowledge__ Medical evidence, however, does not support its use in women with a typical risk for breast cancer.", "Breast cancer screening __knowledge__ The use of mammography in universal screening for breast cancer is controversial as it may not reduce all-cause mortality and for causing harms through unnecessary treatments and medical procedures.", "John F. Kennedy autopsy __knowledge__ The autopsy of President John F. Kennedy was performed, beginning at about 8 p.m. EST November 22, 1963, on the day of his assassination and ending at about 12:30 AM EST November 23, 1963, at the Bethesda Naval Hospital in Bethesda, Maryland.", "John F. Kennedy autopsy __knowledge__ The choice of autopsy hospital in the Washington, D.C. area was made by his widow, Jacqueline Kennedy.", "John F. Kennedy autopsy __knowledge__ She chose the Bethesda Naval Hospital because President Kennedy had been a naval officer.", "John F. Kennedy autopsy __knowledge__ After the assassination of President Kennedy, the Secret Service was concerned about the possibility of a larger plot and urged Lyndon B. Johnson to leave Parkland Memorial Hospital for Love Field so that he could get back to the White House; however, he refused to do so without proof that Kennedy was dead.", "BRCA mutation __knowledge__ A \"BRCA\" mutation is a mutation in either of the \"BRCA1\" and \"BRCA2\" genes, which are tumour suppressor genes.", "BRCA mutation __knowledge__ Hundreds of different types of mutations in these genes have been identified, some of which have been determined to be harmful, while others have no proven impact.", "BRCA mutation __knowledge__ Harmful mutations in these genes may produce a hereditary breast-ovarian cancer syndrome in affected persons.", "BRCA mutation __knowledge__ Only 5-10% of breast cancer cases in women are attributed to \"BRCA1\" and \"BRCA2\" mutations (with \"BRCA1\" mutations being slightly more common than \"BRCA2\" mutations), but the impact on women with the gene mutation is more profound.", "X-ray __knowledge__ X-rays make up X-radiation, a form of electromagnetic radiation.", "X-ray __knowledge__ Most X-rays have a wavelength ranging from 0.01 to 10 nanometers, corresponding to frequencies in the range 30 petahertz to 30 exahertz (3×10 Hz to 3×10 Hz) and energies in the range 100 eV to 100 keV.", "X-ray __knowledge__ X-ray wavelengths are shorter than those of UV rays and typically longer than those of gamma rays.", "X-ray __knowledge__ In many languages, X-radiation is referred to with terms meaning Röntgen radiation, after the German scientist Wilhelm Röntgen, who usually is credited as its discoverer, and who had named it \"X-radiation\" to signify an unknown type of radiation.", "Radiography of cultural objects __knowledge__ The radiography of cultural objects is the use of radiography to understand intrinsic details about objects.", "Radiography of cultural objects __knowledge__ This process can reveal various details about objects that are not visible to the naked eye.", "Radiography of cultural objects __knowledge__ This information, which includes structural elements, aids conservators as they assess object condition and consider treatment plans.", "Radiography of cultural objects __knowledge__ Radiography can also reveal previous compositions and earlier repairs.", "Radiography of cultural objects __knowledge__ Infrared and ultraviolet light are also useful tools to understand the intrinsic details of certain objects.", "Radiography of cultural objects __knowledge__ However, x-rays tend to be more useful for denser objects.", "Radiography of cultural objects __knowledge__ The benefit of radiography is that it is not intrusive.", "Mammography __knowledge__ Mammography (also called mastography) is the process of using low-energy X-rays (usually around 30 kVp) to examine the human breast for diagnosis and screening.", "Mammography __knowledge__ The goal of mammography is the early detection of breast cancer, typically through detection of characteristic masses or microcalcifications.", "Mammography __knowledge__ Like all X-rays, mammograms use doses of ionizing radiation to create images.", "Mammography __knowledge__ These images are then analyzed for any abnormal findings.", "Mammography __knowledge__ It is normal to use lower-energy X-rays, typically Mo (K-shell x-ray energies of 17.5 and 19.6 keV) and Rh (20.2 and 22.7 keV) than those used for radiography of bones.", "Fingerprint __knowledge__ A fingerprint in its narrow sense is an impression left by the friction ridges of a human finger.", "Fingerprint __knowledge__ The recovery of fingerprints from a crime scene is an important method of forensic science.", "Fingerprint __knowledge__ Fingerprints are easily deposited on suitable surfaces (such as glass or metal or polished stone) by the natural secretions of sweat from the eccrine glands that are present in epidermal ridges.", "Fingerprint __knowledge__ These are sometimes referred to as \"Chanced Impressions\".", "Fingerprint __knowledge__ In a wider use of the term, fingerprints are the traces of an impression from the friction ridges of any part of a human or other primate hand.", "Fingerprint __knowledge__ A print from the sole of the foot can also leave an impression of friction ridges.", "TinEye __knowledge__ TinEye is a reverse image search engine developed and offered by Idée, Inc., a company based in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.", "TinEye __knowledge__ It is the first image search engine on the web to use image identification technology rather than keywords, metadata or watermarks.", "TinEye __knowledge__ TinEye allows users to search not using keywords but with images.", "TinEye __knowledge__ Upon submitting an image, TinEye creates a \"unique and compact digital signature or fingerprint\" of the image and matches it with other indexed images.", "TinEye __knowledge__ This procedure is able to match even heavily edited versions of the submitted image, but will not usually return similar images in the results.", "GIF __knowledge__ The Graphics Interchange Format (better known by its acronym GIF or ) is a bitmap image format that was developed by a team at the bulletin board service (BBS) provider CompuServe led by American computer scientist Steve Wilhite on June 15, 1987.", "GIF __knowledge__ It has since come into widespread usage on the World Wide Web due to its wide support and portability.", "GIF __knowledge__ The format supports up to 8 bits per pixel for each image, allowing a single image to reference its own palette of up to 256 different colors chosen from the 24-bit RGB color space.", "GIF __knowledge__ It also supports animations and allows a separate palette of up to 256 colors for each frame.", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion __knowledge__ The vocabulary of ancient Roman religion was highly specialized.", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion __knowledge__ Its study affords important information about the religion, traditions and beliefs of the ancient Romans.", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion __knowledge__ This legacy is conspicuous in European cultural history in its influence on later juridical and religious vocabulary in Europe, particularly of the Western Church.", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion __knowledge__ This glossary provides explanations of concepts as they were expressed in Latin pertaining to religious practices and beliefs, with links to articles on major topics such as priesthoods, forms of divination, and rituals.", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion __knowledge__ For theonyms, or the names and epithets of gods, see List of Roman deities.", "Charlie Gard case __knowledge__ The Charlie Gard case was a best interests case in 2017 involving Charles Matthew William Gard (4 August 2016 – 28 July 2017), an infant boy from London, born with mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome (MDDS), a rare genetic disorder that causes progressive brain damage and muscle failure.", "Charlie Gard case __knowledge__ MDDS has no treatment and usually causes death in infancy.", "Charlie Gard case __knowledge__ The case became controversial because the medical team and parents disagreed about whether experimental treatment was in the best interests of the child.", "Charlie Gard case __knowledge__ In October 2016, Charlie was transferred to London's Great Ormond Street Hospital (GOSH), a National Health Service (NHS) children's hospital, because he was failing to thrive and his breathing was shallow.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ Ethnomusicology is the study of music from the cultural and social aspects of the people who make it.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ It encompasses distinct theoretical and methodical approaches that emphasize cultural, social, material, cognitive, biological, and other dimensions or contexts of musical behavior, instead of only its isolated sound component.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ The term \"ethnomusicology\" is said to have been first coined by Jaap Kunst from the Greek words ἔθνος (\"ethnos\", \"nation\") and μουσική (\"mousike\", \"music\"), is often defined as the anthropology or ethnography of music, or as musical anthropology.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ During its early development from comparative musicology in the 1950s, ethnomusicology was primarily oriented toward non-Western music, but for several decades has included the study of all and any musics of the world (including Western art music and popular music) from anthropological, sociological and intercultural perspectives.", "Aphelion (software) __knowledge__ The Aphelion Imaging Software Suite is a software suite that includes three base products (i.e., Aphelion Lab, Aphelion Dev, and Aphelion ) for addressing image processing and image analysis applications.", "Aphelion (software) __knowledge__ The suite also includes a set of extension programs to implement specific vertical applications that benefit from imaging techniques.", "Aphelion (software) __knowledge__ The Aphelion software products can be used to prototype and deploy applications, or can be integrated, in whole or in part, into a user's system as processing and visualization libraries whoses components are available as both DLLs or .Net components.", "Aphelion (software) __knowledge__ Aphelion development started in 1995 as a joint project of « S.A. » (France) and « Amerinex Applied Imaging, Inc. » (United States)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Radiology __knowledge__ Radiology is the science that uses medical imaging to diagnose and sometimes also treat diseases within the body.", "Radiology __knowledge__ A variety of imaging techniques such as X-ray radiography, ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), nuclear medicine including positron emission tomography (PET), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are used to diagnose and/or treat diseases.", "Radiology __knowledge__ Interventional radiology is the performance of (usually minimally invasive) medical procedures with the guidance of imaging technologies.", "Radiology __knowledge__ The acquisition of medical images is usually carried out by the radiographer, often known as a \"Radiologic Technologist\".", "Radiology __knowledge__ The Diagnostic Radiologist, a specially trained doctor, then interprets or \"reads\" the images and produces a report of their findings and impression or diagnosis.", "Radiology __knowledge__ In some places, a Reporting Radiographer, a radiographer with advanced training, may also interpret basic images.", "Radiology __knowledge__ This report is then transmitted to the Clinician who requested the imaging.", "Radiology __knowledge__ The report can initially be made as a \"wet-read\" which is a rapid preliminary response to a clinical question, which will generally followed later by a final report.", "Radiology __knowledge__ Medical images are stored digitally in the picture archiving and communication system (PACS) where they can be viewed by all members of the healthcare team within the same health system and compared later on with future imaging exams.", "Transcendental Meditation technique __knowledge__ The Transcendental Meditation technique is a specific form of silent mantra meditation developed by Maharishi Mahesh Yogi.", "Transcendental Meditation technique __knowledge__ It is often referred to as Transcendental Meditation, or simply TM.", "Transcendental Meditation technique __knowledge__ The meditation practice involves the use of a mantra and is practiced for 15–20 minutes twice per day while sitting with one's eyes closed.", "Transcendental Meditation technique __knowledge__ It is reported to be one of the most-widely practiced, and among the most widely researched meditation techniques, with over 340 peer-reviewed studies published.", "Transcendental Meditation technique __knowledge__ Beginning in 1965, the Transcendental Meditation technique has been incorporated into certain schools, universities, corporations, and prison programs in the USA, Latin America, Europe, and India.", "Transcendental Meditation movement __knowledge__ The Transcendental Meditation movement (also referred to as Transcendental Meditation or TM) refers to the programs and organizations connected with the Transcendental Meditation technique founded by Maharishi Mahesh Yogi in India in the 1950s.", "Transcendental Meditation movement __knowledge__ The organization was estimated to have 900,000 participants in 1977, a million by the 1980s, and 5 million in more recent years.", "Transcendental Meditation movement __knowledge__ Programs include the Transcendental Meditation technique, an advanced meditation practice called the TM-Sidhi program (\"Yogic Flying\"), an alternative health care program called Maharishi Ayurveda, and a system of building and architecture called Maharishi Sthapatya Ved.", "Bachelor of Laws __knowledge__ The Bachelor of Laws (; LL.B.", "Bachelor of Laws __knowledge__ or B.L.)", "Bachelor of Laws __knowledge__ is an undergraduate degree in law (or a first professional degree in law, depending on jurisdiction) originating in England and offered in Japan and most common law jurisdictionsexcept the United States and Canadaas the degree which allows a person to become a lawyer.", "Bachelor of Laws __knowledge__ It historically served this purpose in the U.S. as well, but was phased out in the mid-1960s in favor of the Juris Doctor degree, and Canada followed suit.", "Bachelor of Laws __knowledge__ Historically, in Canada, Bachelor of Laws was the name of the first degree in common law, but is also the name of the first degree in Quebec civil law awarded by a number of Quebec universities.", "Curriculum __knowledge__ In education, a curriculum (; plural: curricula or curriculums) is broadly defined as the totality of student experiences that occur in the educational process.", "Curriculum __knowledge__ The term often refers specifically to a planned sequence of instruction, or to a view of the student's experiences in terms of the educator's or school's instructional goals.", "Curriculum __knowledge__ In a 2003 study Reys, Reys, Lapan, Holliday and Wasman refer to curriculum as a set of learning goals articulated across grades that outline the intended mathematics content and process goals at particular points in time throughout the K–12 school program.", "Curriculum __knowledge__ Curriculum may incorporate the planned interaction of pupils with instructional content, materials, resources, and processes for evaluating the attainment of educational objectives.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound organized in time.", "Music __knowledge__ The common elements of music are pitch (which governs melody and harmony), rhythm (and its associated concepts tempo, meter, and articulation), dynamics (loudness and softness), and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture (which are sometimes termed the \"color\" of a musical sound).", "Music __knowledge__ Different styles or types of music may emphasize, de-emphasize or omit some of these elements.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is performed with a vast range of instruments and vocal techniques ranging from singing to rapping; there are solely instrumental pieces, solely vocal pieces (such as songs without instrumental accompaniment) and pieces that combine singing and instruments.", "Theodore Roosevelt High School (Kent, Ohio) __knowledge__ Theodore Roosevelt High School (RHS or TRHS), often referred to as Kent Roosevelt (KRHS), is a public high school in Kent, Ohio, United States.", "Theodore Roosevelt High School (Kent, Ohio) __knowledge__ It is the only high school in Kent and the Kent City School District and serves students in grades 9–12 living in Kent, Franklin Township, Brady Lake, and Sugar Bush Knolls as well as a small portion of southern Streetsboro.", "Theodore Roosevelt High School (Kent, Ohio) __knowledge__ , enrollment was 1,284 with 110 teachers for a student–teacher ratio of 12:1.", "Theodore Roosevelt High School (Kent, Ohio) __knowledge__ Recognition for academic performance over the years has come from the United States Department of Education, Ohio Department of Education, and \"U.S. News & World Report\".", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Radiographer __knowledge__ Radiographers, also known as radiologic technologists, diagnostic radiographers and medical radiation technologists are healthcare professionals who specialise in the imaging of human anatomy for the diagnosis and treatment of pathology.", "Radiographer __knowledge__ Radiographers are infrequently, and almost always erroneously, known as \"x-ray technicians.\"", "Radiographer __knowledge__ In countries which use the title \"radiologic technologist\" they are often informally referred to as \"techs\" in the clinical environment; this phrase has emerged in popular culture such as television programmes.", "Radiographer __knowledge__ The title \"Radiographer\" can also refer to the Therapeutic Radiographer also known as Radiation therapist.", "Industrial radiography __knowledge__ Industrial radiography is a method of non-destructive testing where many types of manufactured components can be examined to verify the internal structure and integrity of the specimen.", "Industrial radiography __knowledge__ Industrial Radiography can be performed utilizing either X-rays or gamma rays.", "Industrial radiography __knowledge__ Both are forms of electromagnetic radiation.", "Industrial radiography __knowledge__ The difference between various forms of electromagnetic energy is related to the wavelength.", "Industrial radiography __knowledge__ X and gamma rays have the shortest wavelength and this property leads to the ability to penetrate, travel through, and exit various materials such as carbon steel and other metals.", "Industrial radiography __knowledge__ Radiography started in 1895 with the discovery of X-rays (later also called Röntgen rays after the man who first described their properties in detail), a type of electromagnetic radiation.", "Elizabeth Fleischman __knowledge__ Elizabeth Fleischman (5 March 1867 – 3 August 1905) was an American radiographer who is considered an X-ray pioneer.", "Elizabeth Fleischman __knowledge__ Fleischman was the first woman to die from the effects of her work with X-rays.", "Elizabeth Fleischman __knowledge__ Elizabeth Fleischman was born in Placerville, California on March 5, 1867.", "Elizabeth Fleischman __knowledge__ In 1880, the family moved to San Francisco where Elizabeth's father, Jacob Fleischman, worked as a baker and later became a merchant who sold various sundries and cigars.", "Elizabeth Fleischman __knowledge__ Elizabeth Fleischman attend the Girls' High School, and dropped out in her senior year in 1882.", "Elizabeth Fleischman __knowledge__ She then took courses in bookkeeping and office management, and for a time she worked as a bookkeeper at Friedlander & Mitau, a San Francisco underwear manufacturer.", "Medical imaging __knowledge__ Medical imaging is the technique and process of creating visual representations of the interior of a body for clinical analysis and medical intervention, as well as visual representation of the function of some organs or tissues (physiology).", "Medical imaging __knowledge__ Medical imaging seeks to reveal internal structures hidden by the skin and bones, as well as to diagnose and treat disease.", "Medical imaging __knowledge__ Medical imaging also establishes a database of normal anatomy and physiology to make it possible to identify abnormalities.", "Medical imaging __knowledge__ Although imaging of removed organs and tissues can be performed for medical reasons, such procedures are usually considered part of pathology instead of medical imaging.", "Melanesian mythology __knowledge__ Melanesian mythology is the folklore, myths and religion of Melanesia — the archipelagos of New Guinea, the Torres Strait Islands, the Admiralty Islands, Solomon Islands, New Caledonia and Vanuatu.", "Melanesian mythology __knowledge__ Professor Roland Burrage Dixon wrote an account of the mythology of this region for \"The Mythology of All Races\", which was published in 1916.", "Melanesian mythology __knowledge__ Since that time, the region has developed new cults and legends as a result of exposure to western civilisations and their missionaries.", "Melanesian mythology __knowledge__ These include the cargo cults in which the natives attempt to restore the supply of material goods which were a side-effect of the campaigning in this region during the Pacific War.", "History of Christianity __knowledge__ The history of Christianity concerns the Christian religion, Christendom, and the Church with its various denominations, from the 1st century to the present.", "History of Christianity __knowledge__ Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Christianity spread to all of Europe in the Middle Ages.", "History of Christianity __knowledge__ Christianity expanded throughout the world and became the world's largest religion due to European colonialism.", "History of Christianity __knowledge__ Today there are more than two billion Christians worldwide.", "History of Christianity __knowledge__ During its early history, Christianity grew from a 1st-century Jewish following to a religion that existed across the entire Greco-Roman world and beyond.", "History of Christianity __knowledge__ Early Christianity may be divided into 2 distinct phases: the apostolic period, when the first apostles were alive and led the Church, and the post-apostolic period, when an early episcopal structure developed, and persecution was periodically intense." ] ]

[ 2, 9, 6, 6 ]

[ "Gosh, that's a complicated topic, with so many imaging techniques to learn - ultrasound, x-rays, nuclear medicine and more.", "You will learn with practice. And you are surrounded by a medical team so you can compare images with previously stored images to know you've got it right.", "That's great. Perhaps one day you'll become a Reporting Radiographer and will interpret some images!", "I assume you start out as a radiographer and take more advanced courses after that. Is that correct?" ]

[ "Radiology", "Radiology", "Radiology", "Radiology" ]

[ "Emily Dickinson\nAre you a Emily Dickinson fan? I just bought my daughter I'm Nobody! Who are you? and she loves it. ", "Wow, small world. I'm guessing she is about 150 years older then you.", "Yes, she would have the face of an oak tree. She was the definition of spinstress", "Maybe her skin would have not been that bad since she lived most of her life in reclusive isolation." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Emily Dickinson __knowledge__ Emily Elizabeth Dickinson (December 10, 1830 – May 15, 1886) was an American poet.", "Emily Dickinson __knowledge__ Dickinson was born in Amherst, Massachusetts.", "Emily Dickinson __knowledge__ Although part of a prominent family with strong ties to its community, Dickinson lived much of her life in reclusive isolation.", "Emily Dickinson __knowledge__ After studying at the Amherst Academy for seven years in her youth, she briefly attended the Mount Holyoke Female Seminary before returning to her family's house in Amherst.", "Emily Dickinson __knowledge__ Considered an eccentric by locals, she developed a noted penchant for white clothing and became known for her reluctance to greet guests or, later in life, to even leave her bedroom.", "Emily Dickinson __knowledge__ Dickinson never married, and most friendships between her and others depended entirely upon correspondence.", "Emily Dickinson __knowledge__ Dickinson was a recluse for the later years of her life.", "Emily Dickinson __knowledge__ While Dickinson was a prolific private poet, fewer than a dozen of her nearly 1,800 poems were published during her lifetime.", "Emily Dickinson __knowledge__ The work that was published during her lifetime was usually altered significantly by the publishers to fit the conventional poetic rules of the time.", "Emily Dickinson __knowledge__ Dickinson's poems are unique for the era in which she wrote; they contain short lines, typically lack titles, and often use slant rhyme as well as unconventional capitalization and punctuation.", "Emily Dickinson Museum __knowledge__ The Emily Dickinson Museum is a historic house museum consisting of two houses: the Dickinson Homestead (also known as Emily Dickinson Home or Emily Dickinson House) and the Evergreens.", "Emily Dickinson Museum __knowledge__ The Dickinson Homestead was the birthplace and home from 1855–1886 of 19th-century American poet Emily Dickinson (1830–1886), whose poems were discovered in her bedroom there after her death.", "Emily Dickinson Museum __knowledge__ The house next door, called the Evergreens, was built by the poet's father, Edward Dickinson, in 1856 as a wedding present for her brother Austin.", "Emily Dickinson Museum __knowledge__ Located in Amherst, Massachusetts, the houses are preserved as a single museum and are open to the public on guided tours.", "Susan Huntington Gilbert Dickinson __knowledge__ Susan Huntington Gilbert Dickinson (December 19, 1830 – May 12, 1913) was a writer, poet, traveler, and editor, as well as the sister in law of the American poet Emily Dickinson.", "Susan Huntington Gilbert Dickinson __knowledge__ Born in Old Deerfield, Massachusetts Susan was the youngest of six children, born to Thomas and Harriet Arms Gilbert.", "Susan Huntington Gilbert Dickinson __knowledge__ Susan Huntington Gilbert was born December 19, 1830.", "Susan Huntington Gilbert Dickinson __knowledge__ She was orphaned by the time she was eleven years old, after her mother died in 1837 and her father in 1841.", "Susan Huntington Gilbert Dickinson __knowledge__ From that time until the late 1840s, when she came to live in Amherst with her sister Harriet and brother-in-law William Cutler, Susan was reared by her aunt, Sophia Arms Van Vranken, in Geneva, New York, where she attended Utica Female Academy.", "Margaret Maher __knowledge__ Margaret Maher (1841–1924) was a long-term domestic worker in the household of American poet Emily Dickinson.", "Margaret Maher __knowledge__ Margaret was born on 25 February 1841 in Killusty, a townland in a region of County Tipperary, Ireland, known as the Golden Vale of the River Suir.", "Margaret Maher __knowledge__ Margaret's father, Michael Maher (circa 1780–1868), was a tenant farmer who married Mary Dunn (1798–1866), the daughter of Patrick Dunn and Margaret Lahea.", "Margaret Maher __knowledge__ Between 1826 and 1848 Margaret's mother gave birth to nine children of whom four survived to adulthood: Mary (1828–1910), Margaret (1841–1924), Michael (1843–1880), and Thomas (1848–1913).", "Mabel Loomis Todd __knowledge__ Mabel Loomis Todd or Mabel Loomis (November 10, 1856 – October 14, 1932) was an American editor and writer.", "Mabel Loomis Todd __knowledge__ Her husband was the astronomer David Peck Todd.", "Mabel Loomis Todd __knowledge__ She is remembered as the editor of posthumously published editions of Emily Dickinson.", "Mabel Loomis Todd __knowledge__ Todd's relationship to the Dickinson family was complicated.", "Mabel Loomis Todd __knowledge__ She had a lengthy affair with Emily's married older brother William Austin Dickinson.", "Mabel Loomis Todd __knowledge__ In preparing Emily's poetry for publication, which was also marred by family controversies, she freely edited and adapted the writing to suit her own style.", "Mabel Loomis Todd __knowledge__ She was born Mabel Loomis on November 10, 1856, the daughter of Mary Alden Wilder and Eben Jenks Loomis.", "Dickinson Electronic Archives __knowledge__ The \"Dickinson Electronic Archives\" (DEA) is a website devoted to the study of Emily Dickinson, her writing practices, writings directly influencing her work, and critical and creative writings generated by her work.", "Dickinson Electronic Archives __knowledge__ The DEA is produced by the Dickinson Editing Collective, with an executive editor, a general editor, two associate editors, a project manager, and a technical editor working collaboratively with one another and with numerous coeditors, staff, and users.", "Dickinson Electronic Archives __knowledge__ The \"Dickinson Electronic Archives\" was begun in 1994 by Emily Dickinson scholar and University of Maryland, College Park professor Martha Nell Smith.", "Jerome Charyn __knowledge__ Jerome Charyn (born May 13, 1937) is an American author.", "Jerome Charyn __knowledge__ With nearly 50 published works over a 50-year span, Charyn has a long-standing reputation as an inventive and prolific chronicler of real and imagined American life, writing in multiple genres.", "Jerome Charyn __knowledge__ Michael Chabon calls him “one of the most important writers in American literature.” \"New York Newsday\" hailed Charyn as “a contemporary American Balzac,” and the \"Los Angeles Times\" described him as “absolutely unique among American writers.” Charyn’s first novel, \"Once Upon a Droshky\" was published in 1964.", "Jerome Charyn __knowledge__ Only with \"Blue Eyes\" (1975), the debut of detective character Isaac Sidel, did Charyn vault to wide attention and acclaim." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Emily Dickinson __knowledge__ Emily Elizabeth Dickinson (December 10, 1830 – May 15, 1886) was an American poet.", "Emily Dickinson __knowledge__ Dickinson was born in Amherst, Massachusetts.", "Emily Dickinson __knowledge__ Although part of a prominent family with strong ties to its community, Dickinson lived much of her life in reclusive isolation.", "Emily Dickinson __knowledge__ After studying at the Amherst Academy for seven years in her youth, she briefly attended the Mount Holyoke Female Seminary before returning to her family's house in Amherst.", "Emily Dickinson __knowledge__ Considered an eccentric by locals, she developed a noted penchant for white clothing and became known for her reluctance to greet guests or, later in life, to even leave her bedroom.", "Emily Dickinson __knowledge__ Dickinson never married, and most friendships between her and others depended entirely upon correspondence.", "Emily Dickinson __knowledge__ Dickinson was a recluse for the later years of her life.", "Emily Dickinson __knowledge__ While Dickinson was a prolific private poet, fewer than a dozen of her nearly 1,800 poems were published during her lifetime.", "Emily Dickinson __knowledge__ The work that was published during her lifetime was usually altered significantly by the publishers to fit the conventional poetic rules of the time.", "Emily Dickinson __knowledge__ Dickinson's poems are unique for the era in which she wrote; they contain short lines, typically lack titles, and often use slant rhyme as well as unconventional capitalization and punctuation.", "It's a Small World __knowledge__ It's a Small World (currently styled it's a small world) is a water-based dark ride located in the Fantasyland area at the various Walt Disney Parks and Resorts worldwide; these include: Disneyland Park in Anaheim, California, the Magic Kingdom at Walt Disney World Resort in Lake Buena Vista, Florida, Tokyo Disneyland, Disneyland Paris, and Hong Kong Disneyland.", "It's a Small World __knowledge__ The ride features over 300 audio-animatronic children in traditional costumes from cultures around the world, frolicking in a spirit of international unity, and singing the attraction's title song, which has a theme of global peace.", "It's a Small World __knowledge__ Fabricated at the Walt Disney Studios in Burbank as \"Children of the World\", it was created by WED Enterprises, then shipped to the 1964 New York World's Fair's UNICEF pavilion, sponsored by Pepsi, where it featured at its entrance a kinetic sculpture, \"The Tower of the Four Winds\", a 120-foot perpetually spinning mobile created by WED designer Rolly Crump.", "Ages of consent in the United States __knowledge__ In the United States, age of consent laws regarding sexual activity are made at the state level.", "Ages of consent in the United States __knowledge__ There are several federal statutes related to protecting minors from sexual predators, but laws regarding specific age requirements for sexual consent are left to individual states, territories, and the District of Columbia.", "Ages of consent in the United States __knowledge__ Depending on the jurisdiction, legal age of consent ranges from 16 to 18 years old.", "Ages of consent in the United States __knowledge__ In some places, civil and criminal laws within the same state conflict with each other.", "Ages of consent in the United States __knowledge__ While the general age of consent is now set between 16 and 18 in all U.S. states, the age of consent has widely varied across the country in the past.", "Small-world network __knowledge__ A small-world network is a type of mathematical graph in which most nodes are not neighbors of one another, but the neighbors of any given node are likely to be neighbors of each other and most nodes can be reached from every other node by a small number of hops or steps.", "Small-world network __knowledge__ Specifically, a small-world network is defined to be a network where the typical distance \"L\" between two randomly chosen nodes (the number of steps required) grows proportionally to the logarithm of the number of nodes \"N\" in the network, that is: while the clustering coefficient is not small.", "Small-world network __knowledge__ In the context of a social network, this results in the small world phenomenon of strangers being linked by a short chain of acquaintances.", "Small World (board game) __knowledge__ Small World is a board game designed by Philippe Keyaerts, Illustrated by Miguel Coimbra and Cyrille Daujean as graphic designer, and published by Days of Wonder in 2009.", "Small World (board game) __knowledge__ The game is a reworking of Keyaerts' 1999 game \"Vinci\".", "Small World (board game) __knowledge__ Small World has won several awards, including \"Games\" magazine 2010 Game of the Year.", "Small World (board game) __knowledge__ Each player begins the game by selecting one of several available fantasy races that are created randomly.", "Small World (board game) __knowledge__ Each race is defined by two interlocking tiles, one giving a noun describing the race (e.g., \"Elves\") and the other an adjective (e.g., \"Flying\"), describing an additional special ability or special scoring opportunity.", "Guessing __knowledge__ A guess (or an act of guessing) is a swift conclusion drawn from data directly at hand, and held as probable or tentative, while the person making the guess (the guesser) admittedly lacks material for a greater degree of certainty.", "Guessing __knowledge__ A guess is also an unstable answer, as it is \"always putative, fallible, open to further revision and interpretation, and validated against the horizon of possible meanings by showing that one interpretation is more probable than another in light of what we already know\".", "Guessing __knowledge__ In many of its uses, \"the meaning of guessing is assumed as implicitly understood\", and the term is therefore often used without being meticulously defined.", "Small World Social __knowledge__ Small World Social is a company founded in Sydney, Australia in 2008.", "Small World Social __knowledge__ In 2011 the company moved to, and is still located in, the Central Business District area of Melbourne, Australia.", "Small World Social __knowledge__ In late 2012, the company opened an office in San Francisco, California USA.", "Small World Social __knowledge__ Small World Social originally focused on using social media to change people’s behaviors primarily in the area of health, health promotion and public policy.", "Small World Social __knowledge__ In 2010 the company conducted research to develop a social networking training curriculum for Sydney teachers.", "Small World Social __knowledge__ In 2009, the company patented a method and system for explaining complex concepts online.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Emily Dickinson Museum __knowledge__ The Emily Dickinson Museum is a historic house museum consisting of two houses: the Dickinson Homestead (also known as Emily Dickinson Home or Emily Dickinson House) and the Evergreens.", "Emily Dickinson Museum __knowledge__ The Dickinson Homestead was the birthplace and home from 1855–1886 of 19th-century American poet Emily Dickinson (1830–1886), whose poems were discovered in her bedroom there after her death.", "Emily Dickinson Museum __knowledge__ The house next door, called the Evergreens, was built by the poet's father, Edward Dickinson, in 1856 as a wedding present for her brother Austin.", "Emily Dickinson Museum __knowledge__ Located in Amherst, Massachusetts, the houses are preserved as a single museum and are open to the public on guided tours.", "Margaret Maher __knowledge__ Margaret Maher (1841–1924) was a long-term domestic worker in the household of American poet Emily Dickinson.", "Margaret Maher __knowledge__ Margaret was born on 25 February 1841 in Killusty, a townland in a region of County Tipperary, Ireland, known as the Golden Vale of the River Suir.", "Margaret Maher __knowledge__ Margaret's father, Michael Maher (circa 1780–1868), was a tenant farmer who married Mary Dunn (1798–1866), the daughter of Patrick Dunn and Margaret Lahea.", "Margaret Maher __knowledge__ Between 1826 and 1848 Margaret's mother gave birth to nine children of whom four survived to adulthood: Mary (1828–1910), Margaret (1841–1924), Michael (1843–1880), and Thomas (1848–1913).", "Susan Huntington Gilbert Dickinson __knowledge__ Susan Huntington Gilbert Dickinson (December 19, 1830 – May 12, 1913) was a writer, poet, traveler, and editor, as well as the sister in law of the American poet Emily Dickinson.", "Susan Huntington Gilbert Dickinson __knowledge__ Born in Old Deerfield, Massachusetts Susan was the youngest of six children, born to Thomas and Harriet Arms Gilbert.", "Susan Huntington Gilbert Dickinson __knowledge__ Susan Huntington Gilbert was born December 19, 1830.", "Susan Huntington Gilbert Dickinson __knowledge__ She was orphaned by the time she was eleven years old, after her mother died in 1837 and her father in 1841.", "Susan Huntington Gilbert Dickinson __knowledge__ From that time until the late 1840s, when she came to live in Amherst with her sister Harriet and brother-in-law William Cutler, Susan was reared by her aunt, Sophia Arms Van Vranken, in Geneva, New York, where she attended Utica Female Academy.", "Mabel Loomis Todd __knowledge__ Mabel Loomis Todd or Mabel Loomis (November 10, 1856 – October 14, 1932) was an American editor and writer.", "Mabel Loomis Todd __knowledge__ Her husband was the astronomer David Peck Todd.", "Mabel Loomis Todd __knowledge__ She is remembered as the editor of posthumously published editions of Emily Dickinson.", "Mabel Loomis Todd __knowledge__ Todd's relationship to the Dickinson family was complicated.", "Mabel Loomis Todd __knowledge__ She had a lengthy affair with Emily's married older brother William Austin Dickinson.", "Mabel Loomis Todd __knowledge__ In preparing Emily's poetry for publication, which was also marred by family controversies, she freely edited and adapted the writing to suit her own style.", "Mabel Loomis Todd __knowledge__ She was born Mabel Loomis on November 10, 1856, the daughter of Mary Alden Wilder and Eben Jenks Loomis.", "Jones Library __knowledge__ The Jones Library of Amherst, Massachusetts is a public library with three locations, the main building and two branches.", "Jones Library __knowledge__ The library was established in 1919 by a fund set up in the will of lumberman Samuel Minot Jones.", "Jones Library __knowledge__ The library is governed by a Board of Trustees and provides a range of library materials, electronic resources, programming, special collections and events for residents of Amherst and the surrounding area.", "Jones Library __knowledge__ The library is on the Association of Library Trustees, Advocates, Friends and Foundations’ Literary Landmark Register in recognition of its association with poet Robert Frost.", "Amherst, Massachusetts __knowledge__ Amherst () is a town in Hampshire County, Massachusetts, United States, in the Connecticut River valley.", "Amherst, Massachusetts __knowledge__ As of the 2010 census, the population was 37,819, making it the highest populated municipality in Hampshire County (although the county seat is Northampton).", "Amherst, Massachusetts __knowledge__ The town is home to Amherst College, Hampshire College, and the University of Massachusetts Amherst, three of the Five Colleges.", "Amherst, Massachusetts __knowledge__ The name of the town is pronounced without the \"h\" (\"AM-erst\"), giving rise to the local saying, \"only the 'h' is silent\", in reference both to the pronunciation and to the town's politically active populace.", "Amherst, Massachusetts __knowledge__ Amherst has three census-designated places; Amherst Center, North Amherst, and South Amherst." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Emily Dickinson __knowledge__ Emily Elizabeth Dickinson (December 10, 1830 – May 15, 1886) was an American poet.", "Emily Dickinson __knowledge__ Dickinson was born in Amherst, Massachusetts.", "Emily Dickinson __knowledge__ Although part of a prominent family with strong ties to its community, Dickinson lived much of her life in reclusive isolation.", "Emily Dickinson __knowledge__ After studying at the Amherst Academy for seven years in her youth, she briefly attended the Mount Holyoke Female Seminary before returning to her family's house in Amherst.", "Emily Dickinson __knowledge__ Considered an eccentric by locals, she developed a noted penchant for white clothing and became known for her reluctance to greet guests or, later in life, to even leave her bedroom.", "Emily Dickinson __knowledge__ Dickinson never married, and most friendships between her and others depended entirely upon correspondence.", "Emily Dickinson __knowledge__ Dickinson was a recluse for the later years of her life.", "Emily Dickinson __knowledge__ While Dickinson was a prolific private poet, fewer than a dozen of her nearly 1,800 poems were published during her lifetime.", "Emily Dickinson __knowledge__ The work that was published during her lifetime was usually altered significantly by the publishers to fit the conventional poetic rules of the time.", "Emily Dickinson __knowledge__ Dickinson's poems are unique for the era in which she wrote; they contain short lines, typically lack titles, and often use slant rhyme as well as unconventional capitalization and punctuation.", "Oak __knowledge__ An oak is a tree or shrub in the genus Quercus (; Latin \"oak tree\") of the beech family, Fagaceae.", "Oak __knowledge__ There are approximately 600 extant species of oaks.", "Oak __knowledge__ The common name \"oak\" also appears in the names of species in related genera, notably \"Lithocarpus\" (stone oaks), as well as in those of unrelated species such as \"Grevillea robusta\" (silky oaks) and the Casuarinaceae (she-oaks).", "Oak __knowledge__ The genus \"Quercus\" is native to the Northern Hemisphere, and includes deciduous and evergreen species extending from cool temperate to tropical latitudes in the Americas, Asia, Europe, and North Africa.", "Oak __knowledge__ North America contains the largest number of oak species, with approximately 90 occurring in the United States, while Mexico has 160 species of which 109 are endemic.", "Selly Oak __knowledge__ Selly Oak is an industrial and residential area in southwest Birmingham, England.", "Selly Oak __knowledge__ The area gives its name to Selly Oak ward and includes the neighbourhoods of: Bournbrook, Selly Park, and Ten Acres.", "Selly Oak __knowledge__ The adjoining wards of Edgbaston and Harborne are to the north of the Bourn Brook, which was the former County Boundary, and to the south; Weoley, and Bournville.", "Selly Oak __knowledge__ A district committee serves the four wards of Selly Oak, Billesley, Bournville and Brandwood.", "Selly Oak __knowledge__ The same wards form the Birmingham Selly Oak (UK Parliament constituency) represented by Steve McCabe (Labour).", "Selly Oak __knowledge__ Selly Oak is connected to Birmingham by the Pershore Road (A441) and the Bristol Road (A38).", "An Oak Tree __knowledge__ An Oak Tree is a conceptual work of art created by Michael Craig-Martin in 1973.", "An Oak Tree __knowledge__ The piece, described as being an oak tree, is installed in two units – a pristine installation of a glass of water on a glass shelf on metal brackets 253 centimetres above the ground, and a text mounted on the wall.", "An Oak Tree __knowledge__ When first exhibited, the text was given as a handout.", "An Oak Tree __knowledge__ The text takes the form of a Q&A about the artwork, in which Craig-Martin describes changing \"a glass of water into a full-grown oak tree without altering the accidents of the glass of water,\" and explains that \"the actual oak tree is physically present but in the form of the glass of water.\"", "Oak Tree National __knowledge__ Oak Tree National, formerly called Oak Tree Golf Club, is a golf and country club located in the Oklahoma City suburb of Edmond, Oklahoma.", "Oak Tree National __knowledge__ The course was designed by Pete Dye, and it opened in 1976.", "Oak Tree National __knowledge__ It plays to a par 71.", "Oak Tree National __knowledge__ Like other courses in Oklahoma, Oak Tree is a very windy course and can often have winds of at least 30 miles per hour (48 km/h).", "Oak Tree National __knowledge__ It also is located on hilly terrain, and uneven lies are common from the fairway or rough.", "Oak Tree National __knowledge__ The greens are difficult to hit well, and are undulating enough to make any par tough.", "Oak Tree National __knowledge__ In its 2015–16 listing of the best golf courses by state, \"Golf Digest\" ranked Oak Tree National #51 in their Americas 100 Greatest Golf Courses.", "Original Vampires (The Vampire Diaries) __knowledge__ The Original vampires, in the universe of \"The Vampire Diaries\" and \"The Originals\", are a family of vampires from which all current vampires descend, as well as being the most powerful and indestructible of their kind.", "Original Vampires (The Vampire Diaries) __knowledge__ Hayley Marshall, (born Andrea Lebonair) Is the mother of Niklaus' daughter, Hope.", "Original Vampires (The Vampire Diaries) __knowledge__ In Autumn 1001 AD, after the death of her youngest son Henrik at the hands of werewolves, the powerful witch Esther performed an occult blood ritual in order to protect her five remaining children—(Finn, Elijah, Niklaus, Kol, and Rebekah)—and her husband, Mikael.", "Original Vampires (The Vampire Diaries) __knowledge__ The ritual transformed her family into the first vampires.", "Quercus robur __knowledge__ Quercus robur, commonly known as common oak, pedunculate oak, European oak or English oak, is a species of flowering plant in the beech and oak family Fagaceae.", "Quercus robur __knowledge__ It is native to most of Europe west of the Caucasus.", "Quercus robur __knowledge__ The tree is widely cultivated in temperate regions and has escaped into the wild in scattered parts of China and North America.", "Quercus robur __knowledge__ \"Quercus robur\" (Latin \"quercus\", \"oak\" + \"robur\" \"strength, hard timber\") is the type species of the genus (the species by which the oak genus \"Quercus\" is defined), and a member of the white oak section \"Quercus\" section \"Quercus\".", "Quercus robur __knowledge__ The populations in Italy, southeast Europe, and Asia Minor and the Caucasus are sometimes treated as separate species, \"Q. brutia\" Tenore, \"Q. pedunculiflora\" K. Koch and \"Q. haas\" Kotschy respectively.", "Oak Tree Racing Association __knowledge__ The Oak Tree Racing Association is an American not-for-profit corporation that exists to conduct live thoroughbred horse racing in Southern California.", "Oak Tree Racing Association __knowledge__ In 1968, the Del Mar Thoroughbred Club, operators of Del Mar Racetrack in Del Mar, California, decided to inform California racing authorities that they did not intend to use the fall dates they were granted and to instead race only a summer meet.", "Oak Tree Racing Association __knowledge__ Clement L. Hirsch, Louis R. Rowan, both leading horse owners, and veterinarian Dr. Jack Robbins, as well as other horsemen and fans were deeply opposed to the move which had the effect of ending live racing in Southern California from September 1 to November 1.", "Emily Dickinson Museum __knowledge__ The Emily Dickinson Museum is a historic house museum consisting of two houses: the Dickinson Homestead (also known as Emily Dickinson Home or Emily Dickinson House) and the Evergreens.", "Emily Dickinson Museum __knowledge__ The Dickinson Homestead was the birthplace and home from 1855–1886 of 19th-century American poet Emily Dickinson (1830–1886), whose poems were discovered in her bedroom there after her death.", "Emily Dickinson Museum __knowledge__ The house next door, called the Evergreens, was built by the poet's father, Edward Dickinson, in 1856 as a wedding present for her brother Austin.", "Emily Dickinson Museum __knowledge__ Located in Amherst, Massachusetts, the houses are preserved as a single museum and are open to the public on guided tours.", "Susan Huntington Gilbert Dickinson __knowledge__ Susan Huntington Gilbert Dickinson (December 19, 1830 – May 12, 1913) was a writer, poet, traveler, and editor, as well as the sister in law of the American poet Emily Dickinson.", "Susan Huntington Gilbert Dickinson __knowledge__ Born in Old Deerfield, Massachusetts Susan was the youngest of six children, born to Thomas and Harriet Arms Gilbert.", "Susan Huntington Gilbert Dickinson __knowledge__ Susan Huntington Gilbert was born December 19, 1830.", "Susan Huntington Gilbert Dickinson __knowledge__ She was orphaned by the time she was eleven years old, after her mother died in 1837 and her father in 1841.", "Susan Huntington Gilbert Dickinson __knowledge__ From that time until the late 1840s, when she came to live in Amherst with her sister Harriet and brother-in-law William Cutler, Susan was reared by her aunt, Sophia Arms Van Vranken, in Geneva, New York, where she attended Utica Female Academy.", "Margaret Maher __knowledge__ Margaret Maher (1841–1924) was a long-term domestic worker in the household of American poet Emily Dickinson.", "Margaret Maher __knowledge__ Margaret was born on 25 February 1841 in Killusty, a townland in a region of County Tipperary, Ireland, known as the Golden Vale of the River Suir.", "Margaret Maher __knowledge__ Margaret's father, Michael Maher (circa 1780–1868), was a tenant farmer who married Mary Dunn (1798–1866), the daughter of Patrick Dunn and Margaret Lahea.", "Margaret Maher __knowledge__ Between 1826 and 1848 Margaret's mother gave birth to nine children of whom four survived to adulthood: Mary (1828–1910), Margaret (1841–1924), Michael (1843–1880), and Thomas (1848–1913).", "Mabel Loomis Todd __knowledge__ Mabel Loomis Todd or Mabel Loomis (November 10, 1856 – October 14, 1932) was an American editor and writer.", "Mabel Loomis Todd __knowledge__ Her husband was the astronomer David Peck Todd.", "Mabel Loomis Todd __knowledge__ She is remembered as the editor of posthumously published editions of Emily Dickinson.", "Mabel Loomis Todd __knowledge__ Todd's relationship to the Dickinson family was complicated.", "Mabel Loomis Todd __knowledge__ She had a lengthy affair with Emily's married older brother William Austin Dickinson.", "Mabel Loomis Todd __knowledge__ In preparing Emily's poetry for publication, which was also marred by family controversies, she freely edited and adapted the writing to suit her own style.", "Mabel Loomis Todd __knowledge__ She was born Mabel Loomis on November 10, 1856, the daughter of Mary Alden Wilder and Eben Jenks Loomis.", "Dickinson Electronic Archives __knowledge__ The \"Dickinson Electronic Archives\" (DEA) is a website devoted to the study of Emily Dickinson, her writing practices, writings directly influencing her work, and critical and creative writings generated by her work.", "Dickinson Electronic Archives __knowledge__ The DEA is produced by the Dickinson Editing Collective, with an executive editor, a general editor, two associate editors, a project manager, and a technical editor working collaboratively with one another and with numerous coeditors, staff, and users.", "Dickinson Electronic Archives __knowledge__ The \"Dickinson Electronic Archives\" was begun in 1994 by Emily Dickinson scholar and University of Maryland, College Park professor Martha Nell Smith.", "List of The Sopranos characters in the Soprano crime family __knowledge__ The DiMeo crime family, later referred to as the Soprano crime family, is a fictional Mafia family from the HBO series \"The Sopranos.\"", "List of The Sopranos characters in the Soprano crime family __knowledge__ It is thought to be loosely based on the DeCavalcante crime family, a real New Jersey Mafia family.", "List of The Sopranos characters in the Soprano crime family __knowledge__ The DiMeo crime family consists of an administration and six crews.", "List of The Sopranos characters in the Soprano crime family __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters from \"The Sopranos\" that are associated with the DiMeo crime family.", "List of The Sopranos characters in the Soprano crime family __knowledge__ In the series, the DiMeo crime family is believed to have been formed in Northern New Jersey in the 1950s.", "List of The Sopranos characters in the Soprano crime family __knowledge__ Ercole DiMeo is believed to have been the first official boss, although according to the book, \"The Sopranos Family History\" by Allen Rucker and David Chase, there was an earlier boss named Alfano, but he is never mentioned in the series." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Emily Dickinson __knowledge__ Emily Elizabeth Dickinson (December 10, 1830 – May 15, 1886) was an American poet.", "Emily Dickinson __knowledge__ Dickinson was born in Amherst, Massachusetts.", "Emily Dickinson __knowledge__ Although part of a prominent family with strong ties to its community, Dickinson lived much of her life in reclusive isolation.", "Emily Dickinson __knowledge__ After studying at the Amherst Academy for seven years in her youth, she briefly attended the Mount Holyoke Female Seminary before returning to her family's house in Amherst.", "Emily Dickinson __knowledge__ Considered an eccentric by locals, she developed a noted penchant for white clothing and became known for her reluctance to greet guests or, later in life, to even leave her bedroom.", "Emily Dickinson __knowledge__ Dickinson never married, and most friendships between her and others depended entirely upon correspondence.", "Emily Dickinson __knowledge__ Dickinson was a recluse for the later years of her life.", "Emily Dickinson __knowledge__ While Dickinson was a prolific private poet, fewer than a dozen of her nearly 1,800 poems were published during her lifetime.", "Emily Dickinson __knowledge__ The work that was published during her lifetime was usually altered significantly by the publishers to fit the conventional poetic rules of the time.", "Emily Dickinson __knowledge__ Dickinson's poems are unique for the era in which she wrote; they contain short lines, typically lack titles, and often use slant rhyme as well as unconventional capitalization and punctuation.", "Continuous Tone-Coded Squelch System __knowledge__ In telecommunications, Continuous Tone-Coded Squelch System or CTCSS is a circuit that is used to reduce the annoyance of listening to other users on a shared two-way radio communications channel.", "Continuous Tone-Coded Squelch System __knowledge__ It is sometimes referred to as tone squelch.", "Continuous Tone-Coded Squelch System __knowledge__ It does this by adding a low frequency audio tone to the voice.", "Continuous Tone-Coded Squelch System __knowledge__ Where more than one group of users is on the same radio frequency (called \"co-channel users\"), CTCSS circuitry mutes those users who are using a different CTCSS tone or no CTCSS.", "Continuous Tone-Coded Squelch System __knowledge__ It is sometimes incorrectly referred to as a sub-channel because no additional channels are created.", "Continuous Tone-Coded Squelch System __knowledge__ All users with different CTCSS tones on the same channel are still transmitting on the identical radio frequency, and their transmissions interfere with each other, however the interference is masked under most (but not all) conditions.", "Skin (British band) __knowledge__ Skin were a UK hard rock band active during the 1990s who reformed in 2009, only to disband again in 2013.", "Skin (British band) __knowledge__ Skin were formed in the early 1990s by ex-Jagged Edge members Myke Gray (born 12 May 1968, Fulham, London) and Andy Robbins (also formerly of Tokyo Blade & Shogun) along with former Kooga vocalist Neville MacDonald (b.Ynysybwl, Pontypridd, Wales) and drummer Dicki Fliszar, formerly of Bruce Dickinson's touring band and band Vamp.", "Skin (British band) __knowledge__ Originally called Taste, they went through a number of names (Obsession, Bad For Good, Phoenix) as they played a smattering of small club dates throughout 1992.", "Skin (British band) __knowledge__ The band showed enough quality on these dates to be offered a management deal with Sanctuary Management, who also handled Iron Maiden and, ultimately, a record deal with Parlophone.", "Statue of Liberty __knowledge__ The Statue of Liberty (Liberty Enlightening the World; ) is a colossal neoclassical sculpture on Liberty Island in New York Harbor in New York City, in the United States.", "Statue of Liberty __knowledge__ The copper statue, a gift from the people of France to the people of the United States, was designed by French sculptor Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi and built by Gustave Eiffel.", "Statue of Liberty __knowledge__ The statue was dedicated on October 28, 1886.", "Statue of Liberty __knowledge__ The Statue of Liberty is a figure of a robed woman representing Libertas, a Roman liberty goddess.", "Statue of Liberty __knowledge__ She holds a torch above her head with her right hand, and in her left hand carries a \"tabula ansata\" inscribed in Roman numerals with \"JULY IV MDCCLXXVI\" (July 4, 1776), the date of the U.S.", "Foundation (cosmetics) __knowledge__ Foundation is a skin-coloured makeup applied to the face to create an even, uniform colour to the complexion, to cover flaws and, sometimes, to change the natural skintone.", "Foundation (cosmetics) __knowledge__ Some foundations also function as a moisturizer, sunscreen, astringent or base layer for more complex cosmetics.", "Foundation (cosmetics) __knowledge__ Foundation applied to the body is generally referred to as \"body painting.\"", "Foundation (cosmetics) __knowledge__ The use of cosmetics to enhance complexion reaches back into antiquity.", "Foundation (cosmetics) __knowledge__ “Face painting” is mentioned in the Old Testament (Ezekiel 23:40).", "Foundation (cosmetics) __knowledge__ Ancient Egyptians used foundation.", "Foundation (cosmetics) __knowledge__ In 200 B.C., ancient Greek women applied white lead powder and chalk to lighten their skin.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Bereshit (parsha) __knowledge__ Bereshit, Bereishit, Bereishis, B'reshith, Beresheet, or Bereishees ( – Hebrew for \"in the beginning,\" the first word in the parashah) is the first weekly Torah portion (, \"parashah\") in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading.", "Bereshit (parsha) __knowledge__ The parashah consists of In the parashah, God creates the world, and Adam and Eve.", "Bereshit (parsha) __knowledge__ They eat fruit that God had forbidden them, and God expels them from the Garden of Eden.", "Bereshit (parsha) __knowledge__ One of their sons, Cain, becomes the first murderer, killing his brother Abel out of jealousy.", "Bereshit (parsha) __knowledge__ Adam, Eve, and Cain are cast out of paradise to East of Eden.", "Bereshit (parsha) __knowledge__ Adam and Eve have other children, whose descendants populate the Earth, but each generation becomes more and more degenerate until God, despairing, decides to destroy humanity.", "An Oak Tree __knowledge__ An Oak Tree is a conceptual work of art created by Michael Craig-Martin in 1973.", "An Oak Tree __knowledge__ The piece, described as being an oak tree, is installed in two units – a pristine installation of a glass of water on a glass shelf on metal brackets 253 centimetres above the ground, and a text mounted on the wall.", "An Oak Tree __knowledge__ When first exhibited, the text was given as a handout.", "An Oak Tree __knowledge__ The text takes the form of a Q&A about the artwork, in which Craig-Martin describes changing \"a glass of water into a full-grown oak tree without altering the accidents of the glass of water,\" and explains that \"the actual oak tree is physically present but in the form of the glass of water.\"", "Michael Craig-Martin __knowledge__ Sir Michael Craig-Martin (born 28 August 1941) is an Irish-British contemporary conceptual artist and painter.", "Michael Craig-Martin __knowledge__ He is noted for fostering the Young British Artists, many of whom he taught, and for his conceptual artwork, \"An Oak Tree\".", "Michael Craig-Martin __knowledge__ He is Emeritus Professor of Fine Art at Goldsmiths.", "Michael Craig-Martin __knowledge__ His memoir and advice for the aspiring artist, \"On Being An Artist\", was published by London-based publisher Art / Books in April 2015.", "Michael Craig-Martin __knowledge__ The Dublin-born and reared Craig-Martin was given a religious education, for eight years in a Roman Catholic school which was run by nuns, and later at the English Benedictine Priory School (now St. Anselm's Abbey School), where pupils were encouraged to look at religious imagery in illuminated glass panels and stained-glass windows.", "Tim Crouch __knowledge__ Tim Crouch (born 1964) is an experimental theatre maker: an actor, writer and director.", "Tim Crouch __knowledge__ His plays include \"My Arm\", \"An Oak Tree\", \"ENGLAND\" and \"The Author\".", "Tim Crouch __knowledge__ These take various forms, but all reject theatrical conventions, especially realism, and invite the audience to help create the work.", "Tim Crouch __knowledge__ Interviewed in 2007, Crouch said, ‘Theatre in its purest form is a conceptual artform.", "Tim Crouch __knowledge__ It doesn’t need sets, costumes and props, but exists inside an audience’s head.’ Stephen Bottoms, Professor of Contemporary Theatre & Performance at the University of Manchester, has written that Crouch's plays 'make up one of the most important bodies of English-language playwriting to have emerged so far in the twenty-first century...I can think of no other contemporary playwright who has asked such a compelling set of questions about theatrical form, narrative content and spectatorial engagement.'", "Art of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The Art of the United Kingdom refers to all forms of visual art in or associated with the United Kingdom since the formation of the Kingdom of Great Britain in 1707.", "Art of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ For earlier periods, and some more detailed information on the post-1707 period, see English art, Scottish art, Welsh art and Irish art.", "Art of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ It is part of Western art history, and during the 18th century Great Britain began once again to take the leading place England had in European art during the Middle Ages, being especially strong in portraiture and landscape art.", "Art of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Increasing British prosperity led to a greatly increased production of both fine art and the decorative arts, the latter often being exported.", "Damien Hirst __knowledge__ Damien Steven Hirst (; born 7 June 1965) is an English artist, entrepreneur, and art collector.", "Damien Hirst __knowledge__ He is the most prominent member of the group known as the Young British Artists (or YBAs), who dominated the art scene in the UK during the 1990s.", "Damien Hirst __knowledge__ He is internationally renowned, and is reportedly the United Kingdom's richest living artist, with his wealth valued at £215M in the 2010 \"Sunday Times\" Rich List.", "Damien Hirst __knowledge__ During the 1990s his career was closely linked with the collector Charles Saatchi, but increasing frictions came to a head in 2003 and the relationship ended.", "Damien Hirst __knowledge__ Death is a central theme in Hirst's works.", "Selly Oak __knowledge__ Selly Oak is an industrial and residential area in southwest Birmingham, England.", "Selly Oak __knowledge__ The area gives its name to Selly Oak ward and includes the neighbourhoods of: Bournbrook, Selly Park, and Ten Acres.", "Selly Oak __knowledge__ The adjoining wards of Edgbaston and Harborne are to the north of the Bourn Brook, which was the former County Boundary, and to the south; Weoley, and Bournville.", "Selly Oak __knowledge__ A district committee serves the four wards of Selly Oak, Billesley, Bournville and Brandwood.", "Selly Oak __knowledge__ The same wards form the Birmingham Selly Oak (UK Parliament constituency) represented by Steve McCabe (Labour).", "Selly Oak __knowledge__ Selly Oak is connected to Birmingham by the Pershore Road (A441) and the Bristol Road (A38).", "Oak __knowledge__ An oak is a tree or shrub in the genus Quercus (; Latin \"oak tree\") of the beech family, Fagaceae.", "Oak __knowledge__ There are approximately 600 extant species of oaks.", "Oak __knowledge__ The common name \"oak\" also appears in the names of species in related genera, notably \"Lithocarpus\" (stone oaks), as well as in those of unrelated species such as \"Grevillea robusta\" (silky oaks) and the Casuarinaceae (she-oaks).", "Oak __knowledge__ The genus \"Quercus\" is native to the Northern Hemisphere, and includes deciduous and evergreen species extending from cool temperate to tropical latitudes in the Americas, Asia, Europe, and North Africa.", "Oak __knowledge__ North America contains the largest number of oak species, with approximately 90 occurring in the United States, while Mexico has 160 species of which 109 are endemic." ] ]

[ 2, 1, 22, 5 ]

[ "I really enjoy Emily Dickinson! We were actually born in the same hometown - Amherst, Massachusetts!", "Yeah, considering Emily Dickinson was born in 1830, she would be about 160 years older than I am. She would be a big ole wrinkly sack of bones if she was still alive.", "I can say without a doubt that her face would not have looked as beautiful as Michael Craig-Martin's conceptual work of art \"An Oak Tree\" at that age.", "I'm not the least bit surprised, since she was considered a bit of an eccentric by her neighbors." ]

[ "Emily Dickinson", "Emily Dickinson", "Emily Dickinson", "Emily Dickinson" ]

[ "Prince (musician)", "What kind of art did he do?", "You know alot about Prince Rodgers is he an ideal of yours or do you do some forms of art?", "What is some of his R&B songs I love R&B?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ Prince Rogers Nelson (June 7, 1958 – April 21, 2016) was an American singer, songwriter, record producer, multi-instrumentalist, actor, and director.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He was known for his eclectic work, flamboyant stage presence, extravagant dress and makeup, and wide vocal range.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ His innovative music integrated a wide variety of styles, including funk, rock, R&B, new wave, soul, psychedelia, and pop.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He sold over 100 million records worldwide, making him one of the best-selling music artists of all time.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He won eight Grammy Awards, six American Music Awards, a Golden Globe Award, and an Academy Award for the 1984 film \"Purple Rain\".", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2004.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ Prince was born in Minneapolis and developed an interest in music as a young child.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He signed a recording contract with Warner Bros. Records at the age of 17, and released his debut album \"For You\" in 1978.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ His 1979 album \"Prince\" went platinum, and his next three records—\"Dirty Mind\" (1980), \"Controversy\" (1981), and \"1999\" (1982)—continued his success, showcasing Prince's prominently sexual lyrics and blending of funk, dance, and rock music.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ In 1984, he began referring to his backup band as The Revolution and released \"Purple Rain\", the soundtrack album to his film debut." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ Prince Rogers Nelson (June 7, 1958 – April 21, 2016) was an American singer, songwriter, record producer, multi-instrumentalist, actor, and director.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He was known for his eclectic work, flamboyant stage presence, extravagant dress and makeup, and wide vocal range.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ His innovative music integrated a wide variety of styles, including funk, rock, R&B, new wave, soul, psychedelia, and pop.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He sold over 100 million records worldwide, making him one of the best-selling music artists of all time.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He won eight Grammy Awards, six American Music Awards, a Golden Globe Award, and an Academy Award for the 1984 film \"Purple Rain\".", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2004.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ Prince was born in Minneapolis and developed an interest in music as a young child.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He signed a recording contract with Warner Bros. Records at the age of 17, and released his debut album \"For You\" in 1978.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ His 1979 album \"Prince\" went platinum, and his next three records—\"Dirty Mind\" (1980), \"Controversy\" (1981), and \"1999\" (1982)—continued his success, showcasing Prince's prominently sexual lyrics and blending of funk, dance, and rock music.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ In 1984, he began referring to his backup band as The Revolution and released \"Purple Rain\", the soundtrack album to his film debut.", "Italian literature __knowledge__ Italian literature is written in the Italian language, particularly within Italy.", "Italian literature __knowledge__ It may also refer to literature written by Italians or in Italy in other languages spoken in Italy, often languages that are closely related to modern Italian.", "Italian literature __knowledge__ An early example of Italian literature is the tradition of vernacular lyric poetry performed in Occitan, which reached Italy by the end of the 12th century.", "Italian literature __knowledge__ In 1230, the Sicilian School is notable for being the first style in standard Italian.", "Italian literature __knowledge__ Dante Alighieri, one of the greatest of Italian poets, is notable for his \"Divine Comedy\".", "Italian literature __knowledge__ Petrarch did classical research and wrote lyric poetry.", "Art game __knowledge__ An art game (or arthouse game) is a work of interactive new media digital software art as well as a member of the \"art game\" subgenre of the serious video game.", "Art game __knowledge__ The term \"art game\" was first used academically in 2002 and it has come to be understood as describing a video game designed to emphasize art or whose structure is intended to produce some kind of reaction in its audience.", "Art game __knowledge__ Art games are \"interactive\" (usually \"competitive\" against the computer, self, or other players) and the result of \"artistic intent\" by the party offering the piece for consideration.", "Art game __knowledge__ They also typically go out of their way to have a unique, unconventional look, often standing out for aesthetic beauty or complexity in design.", "Visual arts in Israel __knowledge__ Visual arts in Israel refers to plastic art created in the Land of Israel/Palestine region, from the later part of the 19th century until today, or art created by Israeli artists.", "Visual arts in Israel __knowledge__ Visual art in Israel encompasses a wide spectrum of techniques, styles and themes reflecting a dialogue with Jewish art throughout the ages and attempts to formulate a national identity.", "Visual arts in Israel __knowledge__ Early art in the Land of Israel was mainly decorative art of a religious nature (primarily Jewish or Christian), produced for religious pilgrims, but also for export and local consumption.", "Visual arts in Israel __knowledge__ These objects included decorated tablets, embossed soaps, rubber stamps, etc., most of which were decorated with motifs from graphic arts.", "Israeli sculpture __knowledge__ Israeli sculpture designates sculpture produced in the Land of Israel from 1906, the year the \"Bezalel School of Arts and Crafts\" (today called the Bezalel Academy of Art and Design) was established.", "Israeli sculpture __knowledge__ The process of crystallization of Israeli sculpture was influenced at every stage by international sculpture.", "Israeli sculpture __knowledge__ In the early period of Israeli sculpture, most of its important sculptors were immigrants to the Land of Israel, and their art was a synthesis of the influence of European sculpture with the way in which the national artistic identity developed in the Land of Israel and later in the State of Israel.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The Spirit of the Age (full title \"The Spirit of the Age: Or, Contemporary Portraits\") is a collection of character sketches by the early 19th century English essayist, literary critic, and social commentator William Hazlitt, portraying 25 men, mostly British, whom he believed to represent significant trends in the thought, literature, and politics of his time.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The subjects include thinkers, social reformers, politicians, poets, essayists, and novelists, many of whom Hazlitt was personally acquainted with or had encountered.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ Originally appearing in English periodicals, mostly \"The New Monthly Magazine\" in 1824, the essays were collected with several others written for the purpose and published in book form in 1825.", "Russ Warren __knowledge__ Russ Warren (born 1951) is a contemporary figurative painter who has exhibited extensively throughout the U.S. and abroad, notably in the 1981 Whitney Biennial and the 1984 Venice Biennale.", "Russ Warren __knowledge__ A painter in the Neo-Expressionist style, he has drawn inspiration from Spanish masters such as Velázquez, Goya and Picasso, as well as from Mexican folk art and the American southwest.", "Russ Warren __knowledge__ Committed to his own Regionalist style during his formative years in Texas and New Mexico, he was picked up by Phyllis Kind in 1981.", "Russ Warren __knowledge__ During those years he transitioned to a style characterized by \"magical realism\", and his work came to rely on symbol allegory, and unusual shifts in scale.", "Art __knowledge__ Art is a diverse range of human activities in creating visual, auditory or performing artifacts (artworks), expressing the author's imaginative or technical skill, intended to be appreciated for their beauty or emotional power.", "Art __knowledge__ In their most general form these activities include the production of works of art, the criticism of art, the study of the history of art, and the aesthetic dissemination of art.", "Art __knowledge__ The oldest documented forms of art are visual arts, which include creation of images or objects in fields including today painting, sculpture, printmaking, photography, and other visual media.", "Art __knowledge__ Architecture is often included as one of the visual arts; however, like the decorative arts, or advertising, it involves the creation of objects where the practical considerations of use are essential—in a way that they usually are not in a painting, for example.", "John L. Nelson __knowledge__ John Lewis Nelson (June 29, 1916 – August 25, 2001), also known as his stage name Prince Rogers, was an American jazz musician and songwriter.", "John L. Nelson __knowledge__ He was the father of musicians Prince and Tyka Nelson and a credited co-writer on some of his son's songs.", "John L. Nelson __knowledge__ Nelson was born in Webster Parish, Louisiana, the son of Carrie (Jenkins) and Clarence Nelson.", "John L. Nelson __knowledge__ The Nelsons had four other children.", "John L. Nelson __knowledge__ He traveled to Minneapolis to become a musician in 1948.", "John L. Nelson __knowledge__ Playing the piano, he used \"Prince Rogers\" as a stage name and started a band called \"The Prince Rogers Trio\" with local musicians.", "John L. Nelson __knowledge__ In 1956, he met Mattie Della Shaw (November 11, 1933 – February 15, 2002) at a show on the north side of Minneapolis.", "Chris Moon __knowledge__ Christopher Moon, better known as Chris Moon, is an American music producer, recording engineer and songwriter of British origin.", "Chris Moon __knowledge__ He is best known for discovering Prince, helping him create his artistic name and style, and co-writing his early songs, most notably his first single \"Soft and Wet\".", "Chris Moon __knowledge__ At the age of 13, Chris Moon moved with his family from the United Kingdom to Hawaii.", "Chris Moon __knowledge__ He arrived in Minneapolis in 1967.", "Chris Moon __knowledge__ When he was 17, he purchased a multi-channel reel-to-reel and a camera in Hong Kong in order to start a career in music and photography.", "Chris Moon __knowledge__ Moon built his first recording studio in the basement of his house in Minneapolis and did fashion photography on location.", "Thomas Amos Rogers Nelson __knowledge__ Thomas Amos Rogers Nelson (March 19, 1812 – August 24, 1873) was an American attorney, politician, and judge, active primarily in East Tennessee during the mid-19th century.", "Thomas Amos Rogers Nelson __knowledge__ He represented Tennessee's 1st Congressional District in the 36th U.S. Congress (1859–1861), where he gained a reputation as a staunch pro-Union southerner.", "Thomas Amos Rogers Nelson __knowledge__ He was elected to a second term in 1861 on the eve of the Civil War, but was arrested by Confederate authorities before he could take his seat.", "Thomas Amos Rogers Nelson __knowledge__ As early as the 1830s, Nelson had gained a reputation as an effective Whig Party campaigner, but due to family considerations, he did not run for office until 1859.", "Ween __knowledge__ Ween is an American alternative rock band formed in New Hope, Pennsylvania, in 1984 by childhood friends Aaron Freeman and Mickey Melchiondo, better known by their respective stage names, Gene Ween and Dean Ween.", "Ween __knowledge__ After meeting in a middle-school typing class, the two began playing music and immediately chose the name Ween as well as their Ramones-inspired pseudonyms.", "Ween __knowledge__ Ween performed as a duo backed by a Digital Audio Tape for the band's first ten years of existence before expanding to a four- (and later five-) piece act.", "Ween __knowledge__ The band's highest charting single is \"Push th' Little Daisies\", which was a hit in the United States and Australia.", "Harrison, Minneapolis __knowledge__ Harrison is a neighborhood in the Near North community in Minneapolis, Minnesota, located to the west of downtown.", "Harrison, Minneapolis __knowledge__ Its boundaries are roughly, Olson Memorial Highway to the north, Lyndale Avenue to the east, Bassett Creek to the south, and Theodore Wirth Park to the west.", "Harrison, Minneapolis __knowledge__ One of Prince's childhood homes is located in the Harrison Neighborhood at 539 Newton Avenue North.", "Harrison, Minneapolis __knowledge__ Sources vary as to the years that Prince resided at this address.", "Harrison, Minneapolis __knowledge__ He reportedly lived here with his father some of the time after his parents' breakup and before moving into the Bernadette Anderson household at 1244 Russell Avenue North.", "Precious Wilson __knowledge__ Precious Wilson (born 18 October 1957 in Spanish Town, Jamaica) is a soul singer.", "Precious Wilson __knowledge__ Precious Wilson started out as a backing singer for the all-male group Eruption.", "Precious Wilson __knowledge__ The group enjoyed their first minor success when they won a talent competition in 1975, and then went on to record the song \"Let Me Take You Back in Time\".", "Precious Wilson __knowledge__ Shortly after, the lead singer left the group, and Precious Wilson stepped forward to front the band.", "Precious Wilson __knowledge__ The group then relocated to Germany in 1976, and the following year in 1977, while on the road touring in Germany, Eruption was introduced to German producer Frank Farian who booked them to work with Boney M as their backing band, and as their support act on Boney M's first European tour." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ Prince Rogers Nelson (June 7, 1958 – April 21, 2016) was an American singer, songwriter, record producer, multi-instrumentalist, actor, and director.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He was known for his eclectic work, flamboyant stage presence, extravagant dress and makeup, and wide vocal range.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ His innovative music integrated a wide variety of styles, including funk, rock, R&B, new wave, soul, psychedelia, and pop.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He sold over 100 million records worldwide, making him one of the best-selling music artists of all time.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He won eight Grammy Awards, six American Music Awards, a Golden Globe Award, and an Academy Award for the 1984 film \"Purple Rain\".", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2004.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ Prince was born in Minneapolis and developed an interest in music as a young child.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He signed a recording contract with Warner Bros. Records at the age of 17, and released his debut album \"For You\" in 1978.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ His 1979 album \"Prince\" went platinum, and his next three records—\"Dirty Mind\" (1980), \"Controversy\" (1981), and \"1999\" (1982)—continued his success, showcasing Prince's prominently sexual lyrics and blending of funk, dance, and rock music.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ In 1984, he began referring to his backup band as The Revolution and released \"Purple Rain\", the soundtrack album to his film debut.", "The King and I __knowledge__ The King and I is the fifth musical by the team of composer Richard Rodgers and dramatist Oscar Hammerstein II.", "The King and I __knowledge__ It is based on Margaret Landon's novel, \"Anna and the King of Siam\" (1944), which is in turn derived from the memoirs of Anna Leonowens, governess to the children of King Mongkut of Siam in the early 1860s.", "The King and I __knowledge__ The musical's plot relates the experiences of Anna, a British schoolteacher hired as part of the King's drive to modernize his country.", "The King and I __knowledge__ The relationship between the King and Anna is marked by conflict through much of the piece, as well as by a love to which neither can admit.", "The King and I __knowledge__ The musical premiered on March 29, 1951, at Broadway's St. James Theatre.", "Ma'alot-Tarshiha __knowledge__ Ma'alot-Tarshiha (; , \"Maʻālūt Taršīḥā\") is a mixed city in the North District in Israel, some east of Nahariya, about above sea level.", "Ma'alot-Tarshiha __knowledge__ The city was established in 1963 through a municipal merger of the Arab town of Tarshiha and the Jewish town of Ma'alot.", "Ma'alot-Tarshiha __knowledge__ In the city has a population of .", "Ma'alot-Tarshiha __knowledge__ Excavations of a 4th-century burial cave in the village unearthed a cross and a piece of glass engraved with a menorah.", "Ma'alot-Tarshiha __knowledge__ Crusader sources from the 12th and 13th century refer to Tarshiha as \"Terschia,\" \"Torsia\" and \"Tersigha.\"", "Ma'alot-Tarshiha __knowledge__ The King had initiated the settlement of Crusader (\"Latin\", \"Frankish\") people in nearby Mi'ilya (\"Castellum Regis\"), and from there settlement spread out to Tarshiha.", "Alot __knowledge__ Alot () is a town and nagar panchayat in the Ratlam district of Madhya Pradesh, India.", "Alot __knowledge__ Alot is located at .", "Alot __knowledge__ Alot has a population of 40,948.", "Alot __knowledge__ Alot is a tehsil place and a small town; it is a tahsil of Ratlam district and the hometown to Jangalwa Dynasty.", "Alot __knowledge__ It is on the route of the Delhi–Bombay railway track.", "Alot __knowledge__ Through trade routes Jewellers and Businessman established themselves in the town before the 17th century and flourished businesses in ginning and jewellery.", "Alot __knowledge__ A glimpse of the business lifestyle during that era can still be found in the historical town.", "Alot __knowledge__ Alot is a main station for Jain ; many Jain people go there daily for the darshan of Lord Jain Swetamber.", "Aaron Rodgers __knowledge__ Aaron Charles Rodgers (born December 2, 1983) is an American football quarterback for the Green Bay Packers of the National Football League (NFL).", "Aaron Rodgers __knowledge__ Rodgers played college football for California, where he set several career passing records, including lowest single-season and career interception rates.", "Aaron Rodgers __knowledge__ He was selected in the first round of the 2005 NFL Draft by the Packers.", "Aaron Rodgers __knowledge__ After backing up Brett Favre for the first three years of his NFL career, Rodgers became the Packers' starting quarterback in 2008 and led them to a victory in Super Bowl XLV after the 2010 NFL season; Rodgers was named Super Bowl MVP.", "Ma'alot Dafna __knowledge__ Ma'alot Dafna () is an Israeli settlement and neighborhood in Jerusalem that sits partly in East Jerusalem and in a territory that was no man's land before the Six Day war.", "Ma'alot Dafna __knowledge__ It borders the neighborhood of Shmuel HaNavi to the west, Ammunition Hill to the east, Ramat Eshkol to the north and Arzei HaBira to the south.", "Ma'alot Dafna __knowledge__ The international community considers Israeli settlements in East Jerusalem illegal under international law, but the Israeli government disputes this.", "Ma'alot Dafna __knowledge__ Ma'alot Dafna was established in 1972 on the hillside through which Israeli troops in the Six Day War made their way from the Israeli neighborhood of Shmuel HaNavi to fight the Arab Legion troops at the Battle of Ammunition Hill.", "Ma'alot massacre __knowledge__ The Ma'alot massacre was a Palestinian terrorist attack that occurred in May 1974 and involved a two-day hostage-taking of 115 Israeli people which ended in the murders of over 25 hostages.", "Ma'alot massacre __knowledge__ It began when three armed members of the Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine (DFLP) entered Israel from Lebanon.", "Ma'alot massacre __knowledge__ Soon afterwards they attacked a van, killing two Israeli Arab women while injuring a third and entered an apartment building in the town of Ma'alot, where they killed a couple and their four-year-old son.", "Ma'alot massacre __knowledge__ From there, they headed for the Netiv Meir Elementary School, where they took more than 115 people (including 105 children) hostage on 15 May 1974, in Ma'alot.", "South Pacific (musical) __knowledge__ South Pacific is a musical composed by Richard Rodgers, with lyrics by Oscar Hammerstein II and book by Hammerstein and Joshua Logan.", "South Pacific (musical) __knowledge__ The work premiered in 1949 on Broadway and was an immediate hit, running for 1,925 performances.", "South Pacific (musical) __knowledge__ The plot is based on James A. Michener's Pulitzer Prize-winning 1947 book \"Tales of the South Pacific\" and combines elements of several of those stories.", "South Pacific (musical) __knowledge__ Rodgers and Hammerstein believed they could write a musical based on Michener's work that would be financially successful and, at the same time, send a strong progressive message on racism.", "South Pacific (musical) __knowledge__ The plot centers on an American nurse stationed on a South Pacific island during World War II, who falls in love with a middle-aged expatriate French plantation owner but struggles to accept his mixed-race children.", "Freddie Mercury __knowledge__ Farrokh \"Freddie\" Mercury (born Bulsara; 5 September 194624 November 1991) was a British singer, songwriter and record producer, known as the lead vocalist of the rock band Queen.", "Freddie Mercury __knowledge__ He was known for his flamboyant stage persona and four-octave vocal range.", "Freddie Mercury __knowledge__ Mercury wrote numerous hits for Queen, including \"Bohemian Rhapsody\", \"Killer Queen\", \"Somebody to Love\", \"Don't Stop Me Now\", \"Crazy Little Thing Called Love\", and \"We Are the Champions\".", "Freddie Mercury __knowledge__ He led a solo career while performing with Queen, and occasionally served as a producer and guest musician for other artists.", "Freddie Mercury __knowledge__ Mercury was born of Parsi descent in the Sultanate of Zanzibar, and grew up there and in India before moving with his family to Middlesex, England, in his teens.", "Captain Beefheart __knowledge__ Don Van Vliet (, born Don Glen Vliet; January 15, 1941 – December 17, 2010) was an American singer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, and visual artist best known by the stage name Captain Beefheart.", "Captain Beefheart __knowledge__ His idiosyncratic music blended elements of blues, free jazz, rock, the avant-garde, and contemporary experimental composition with his surrealist wordplay and wide vocal range.", "Captain Beefheart __knowledge__ Beefheart was also known for often constructing myths about his life and for exercising an almost dictatorial control over his supporting musicians.", "Captain Beefheart __knowledge__ His musical work was conducted with a rotating ensemble called the Magic Band (1964–1982), with whom he recorded 13 studio albums.", "Peter Gabriel __knowledge__ Peter Brian Gabriel (born 13 February 1950) is an English singer-songwriter, record producer and humanitarian who rose to fame as the original lead singer and flautist of the progressive rock band Genesis.", "Peter Gabriel __knowledge__ After leaving Genesis in 1975, Gabriel launched a successful solo career with \"Solsbury Hill\" as his first single.", "Peter Gabriel __knowledge__ His 1986 album, \"So\", is his best-selling release and is certified triple platinum in the UK and five times platinum in the U.S.", "Peter Gabriel __knowledge__ The album's most successful single, \"Sledgehammer\", won a record nine MTV Awards at the 1987 MTV Video Music Awards.", "Peter Gabriel __knowledge__ Gabriel has been a champion of world music for much of his career.", "Dimash Kudaibergen __knowledge__ Dinmukhamed Kanatuly Kudaibergen (), born May 24, 1994 in Aktobe, Kazakhstan, known as Dimash Kudaibergen (Димаш Құдайберген; sometimes transcribed in English as Dimash Kudaibergenov), is a Kazakh singer, songwriter and multi-instrumentalist.", "Dimash Kudaibergen __knowledge__ His parents Kanat Kudaibergenuly Aitbayev () and Svetlana Aitbayeva () are well-known and honored singers of Kazakhstan.", "Dimash Kudaibergen __knowledge__ Kudaibergen began performing at a young age, singing and playing the piano at various venues and contests throughout his childhood.", "Dimash Kudaibergen __knowledge__ He gained significant popularity in Kazakhstan and in post-Soviet countries in 2015, upon becoming the Grand Prix winner of \"Slavianski Bazaar\" in Vitebsk, Belarus.", "Mariah Carey __knowledge__ Mariah Carey (born March 27, 1969 or 1970) is an American singer, songwriter, record producer and actress.", "Mariah Carey __knowledge__ After signing to Columbia Records, she released her debut album, \"Mariah Carey\" (1990), which spawned four number-one singles on the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart: \"Vision of Love\", \"Love Takes Time\", \"Someday\", and \"I Don't Wanna Cry\".", "Mariah Carey __knowledge__ Following her marriage to Sony Music head Tommy Mottola, Carey became the label's highest-selling act with the albums \"Music Box\" (1993), \"Merry Christmas\" (1994), and \"Daydream\" (1995).", "Mariah Carey __knowledge__ These albums spawned a string of successful singles including the international number-one \"Without You\", holiday track \"All I Want for Christmas Is You\", and \"One Sweet Day\", which became the longest-running U.S. number-one single in history with a total of 16 weeks.", "Bruce Dickinson __knowledge__ Paul Bruce Dickinson (born 7 August 1958) is an English singer, songwriter, musician, airline pilot, entrepreneur, author and broadcaster.", "Bruce Dickinson __knowledge__ He is the lead singer of the heavy metal band Iron Maiden and is renowned for his wide-ranging operatic vocal style and energetic stage presence.", "Bruce Dickinson __knowledge__ Born in Worksop, Nottinghamshire, Dickinson began his career in music fronting small pub bands in the 1970s while attending school in Sheffield and university in London.", "Bruce Dickinson __knowledge__ In 1979, he joined the new wave of British heavy metal band Samson, with whom he gained some popularity under the stage name \"Bruce Bruce\" and performed on two studio records." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ Prince Rogers Nelson (June 7, 1958 – April 21, 2016) was an American singer, songwriter, record producer, multi-instrumentalist, actor, and director.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He was known for his eclectic work, flamboyant stage presence, extravagant dress and makeup, and wide vocal range.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ His innovative music integrated a wide variety of styles, including funk, rock, R&B, new wave, soul, psychedelia, and pop.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He sold over 100 million records worldwide, making him one of the best-selling music artists of all time.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He won eight Grammy Awards, six American Music Awards, a Golden Globe Award, and an Academy Award for the 1984 film \"Purple Rain\".", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2004.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ Prince was born in Minneapolis and developed an interest in music as a young child.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He signed a recording contract with Warner Bros. Records at the age of 17, and released his debut album \"For You\" in 1978.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ His 1979 album \"Prince\" went platinum, and his next three records—\"Dirty Mind\" (1980), \"Controversy\" (1981), and \"1999\" (1982)—continued his success, showcasing Prince's prominently sexual lyrics and blending of funk, dance, and rock music.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ In 1984, he began referring to his backup band as The Revolution and released \"Purple Rain\", the soundtrack album to his film debut.", "List of number-one R&amp;B/hip-hop songs of 2008 (U.S.) __knowledge__ The \"Billboard\" Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart ranks the best-performing singles in that category in the United States.", "List of number-one R&amp;B/hip-hop songs of 2008 (U.S.) __knowledge__ The first number-one song of the year was claimed by Alicia Keys with her song \"Like You'll Never See Me Again\", from her third studio album \"As I Am\" (2007).", "List of number-one R&amp;B/hip-hop songs of 2008 (U.S.) __knowledge__ In total, it spent seven consecutive weeks at number one.", "List of number-one R&amp;B/hip-hop songs of 2008 (U.S.) __knowledge__ \"Like You'll Never See Me Again\" also ranked as the number one R&B song of the year, achieving more radio impressions than any other R&B song in 2008.", "List of number-one R&amp;B/hip-hop songs of 2008 (U.S.) __knowledge__ Displacing Keys from number one, Keyshia Cole's song \"I Remember\" from her second studio album \"Just like You\" (2007) also topped the chart for seven consecutive weeks.", "Toni Braxton __knowledge__ Toni Michelle Braxton (born October 7, 1967) is an American singer, songwriter, pianist, record producer, actress, television personality, and philanthropist.", "Toni Braxton __knowledge__ She began performing with her sisters in a family group known as The Braxtons in the late 1980s, who were signed to Arista Records.", "Toni Braxton __knowledge__ Braxton attracted the attention of producers Antonio \"L.A.\" Reid and Kenneth \"Babyface\" Edmonds, later recording a series of songs for them before being signed to their Arista-distributed imprint, LaFace Records.", "Toni Braxton __knowledge__ Her self-titled debut studio album (1993) reached number one on the \"Billboard\" 200 chart in the United States, selling 10 million copies worldwide and seeing the international success of the singles \"Another Sad Love Song\" and \"Breathe Again\".", "Tamar Braxton __knowledge__ Tamar Estine Herbert ( Braxton, born March 17, 1977), professionally known as Tamar Braxton, is an American singer, television personality and actress.", "Tamar Braxton __knowledge__ Braxton had her first big break in music in 1990 as a founding member of the American R&B singing group The Braxtons, formed with her sisters.", "Tamar Braxton __knowledge__ The Braxtons released their debut album, \"So Many Ways\", as a trio in 1996.", "Tamar Braxton __knowledge__ In 2000, Braxton began her solo career, after signing with DreamWorks Records.", "Tamar Braxton __knowledge__ She released her debut self-titled album that same year.", "Tamar Braxton __knowledge__ The album was not commercially successful, leading to Braxton being dropped from the label's roster in 2000.", "Robin Thicke __knowledge__ Robin Alan Thicke (born March 10, 1977) is an American singer, songwriter and record producer.", "Robin Thicke __knowledge__ Thicke has worked with numerous artists, such as Christina Aguilera, T.I., Nicki Minaj, K. Michelle, Pharrell Williams, Usher, Jennifer Hudson, Flo Rida, Brandy, Kid Cudi and Mary J. Blige, among others.", "Robin Thicke __knowledge__ Thicke worked on albums such as Usher's \"Confessions\" and Lil Wayne's \"Tha Carter III\", while releasing his own R&B singles in the US including \"Lost Without U\", \"Magic\", and \"Sex Therapy\".", "Robin Thicke __knowledge__ He rose to international fame in 2013 with his single \"Blurred Lines\", which reached number one on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100.", "Love, Marriage &amp; Divorce __knowledge__ Love, Marriage & Divorce is a collaborative studio album by American recording artists Toni Braxton and Babyface, released on February 4, 2014, by Motown Records.", "Love, Marriage &amp; Divorce __knowledge__ As of July 2, 2014 the album sold 211,000 copies in the U.S. \"Love, Marriage & Divorce\" includes eleven tracks including their Adult R&B #1 single, \"Hurt You\" as well as the second single \"Where Did We Go Wrong\".", "Love, Marriage &amp; Divorce __knowledge__ The album was originally due for release on November 25, 2013, although its release was delayed until the week before Valentine's Day.", "Love, Marriage &amp; Divorce __knowledge__ The album is Babyface's first new studio album in nearly seven years and Toni's first new album since 2010's \"Pulse\".", "The Weeknd __knowledge__ Abel Makkonen Tesfaye (Ge'ez: , ', born 16 February 1990), known professionally as The Weeknd\"' (pronounced \"the weekend\"), is a Canadian singer, songwriter, and record producer.", "The Weeknd __knowledge__ In late 2010, Tesfaye anonymously uploaded several songs to YouTube under the name \"The Weeknd\".", "The Weeknd __knowledge__ He released three nine-track mixtapes throughout 2011: \"House of Balloons\", \"Thursday\" and \"Echoes of Silence\", which were critically acclaimed.", "The Weeknd __knowledge__ In 2012, he released a compilation album \"Trilogy\", thirty tracks consisting of the remastered mixtapes and three additional songs.", "The Weeknd __knowledge__ It was released under Republic Records and his own label XO.", "Two Eleven __knowledge__ Two Eleven is the sixth studio album by American recording artist Brandy Norwood.", "Two Eleven __knowledge__ Released on October 12, 2012, it served as the singer's debut release with Chameleon Entertainment and RCA Records after departing from Epic Records soon after releasing her previous album, \"Human\" (2008).", "Two Eleven __knowledge__ The album's title is taken from Norwood's birthday; it is also the day on which her idol and friend, entertainer Whitney Houston died eight month prior to \"Two Eleven\"s release.", "Two Eleven __knowledge__ \"Two Eleven\" is the first album from Norwood to include a diverse roster of collaborators including songwriting credits from Frank Ocean, Chris Brown and Sean Garrett.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Rock music is a broad genre of popular music that originated as \"rock and roll\" in the United States in the early 1950s, and developed into a range of different styles in the 1960s and later, particularly in the United Kingdom and in the United States.", "Rock music __knowledge__ It has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rock and roll, a style which drew heavily on the African-American genres of blues and rhythm and blues, and from country music.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Rock music also drew strongly on a number of other genres such as electric blues and folk, and incorporated influences from jazz, classical and other musical styles.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Musically, rock has centered on the electric guitar, usually as part of a rock group with electric bass and drums and one or more singers.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ The music of the United States reflects the country's multi-ethnic population through a diverse array of styles.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ It is a mixture of music influenced by West African, Irish, Scottish and mainland European among others.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ The country's most internationally renowned genres are jazz, blues, country, bluegrass, rock, rhythm and blues, soul, ragtime, hip hop, barbershop, pop, experimental, techno, house, dance, boogaloo, salsa, and rock and roll.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ The United States has the world's largest music market with a total retail value of 4,898.3 million dollars in 2014, and its music is heard around the world.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ Since the beginning of the 20th century, some forms of American popular music have gained a near global audience.", "American rock __knowledge__ American rock is rock music from the United States.", "American rock __knowledge__ It has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rock and roll, rhythm and blues, and country music, and also drew on folk music, jazz, blues, and classical music.", "American rock __knowledge__ American rock music was further influenced by the British Invasion of the American pop charts from 1964 and resulted in the development of garage rock.", "American rock __knowledge__ From the late 1960s and early 1970s, American rock music was highly influential in the development of a number of fusions, including blending with folk music to create folk rock, with blues to create blues rock, with country music to create country rock, roots rock and southern rock and with jazz to create jazz rock, all of which contributed to psychedelic rock.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk rock (or \"punk\") is a rock music genre that developed in the mid-1970s in the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Rooted in 1960s garage rock and other forms of what is now known as \"proto-punk\" music, punk rock bands rejected perceived excesses of mainstream 1970s rock.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk bands typically produced short or fast-paced songs, with hard-edged melodies and singing styles, stripped-down instrumentation, and often political, anti-establishment lyrics.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk embraces a DIY ethic; many bands self-produce recordings and distribute them through independent record labels and other informal channels.", "1980s in music __knowledge__ This article includes an overview of the major events and trends in popular music in the 1980s.", "1980s in music __knowledge__ The 1980s saw the emergence of dance music and new wave.", "1980s in music __knowledge__ As disco fell out of fashion in the decade's early years, genres such as post-disco, Italo disco, Euro disco and dance-pop became more popular.", "1980s in music __knowledge__ Rock music continued to enjoy a wide audience.", "1980s in music __knowledge__ Soft rock, glam metal, thrash metal, shred guitar characterized by heavy distortion, pinch harmonics and whammy bar abuse became very popular.", "1980s in music __knowledge__ Adult contemporary, quiet storm, and smooth jazz gained popularity.", "1980s in music __knowledge__ In the late 1980s, glam metal became the largest, most commercially successful brand of music in the United States and worldwide.", "New wave music __knowledge__ New wave is a genre of rock music popular in late 1970s and the 1980s with ties to mid-1970s punk rock.", "New wave music __knowledge__ New wave moved away from blues and rock and roll sounds to create pop music that incorporated disco, mod, and electronic music.", "New wave music __knowledge__ Initially new wave was similar to punk rock, before becoming a distinct genre.", "New wave music __knowledge__ It subsequently engendered subgenres and fusions, including synth-pop.", "New wave music __knowledge__ New wave differs from other movements with ties to first-wave punk as it displays characteristics common to pop music, rather than the more \"artsy\" post-punk.", "New wave music __knowledge__ Although it incorporates much of the original punk rock sound and ethos, new wave exhibits greater complexity in both music and lyrics." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 5 ]

[ "Born Prince Rogers Nelson, he was an artist of all trades.", "Prince was known for his eclectic work, wide vocal range, and flamboyant stage presence with his music.", "Prince had a wide variety of styles including, pop, soul, new wave, and R&B, one of my favorites.", "Prince won eight Grammy Awards and an Academy Award for his film \"Purple Rain\"" ]

[ "Prince (musician)", "Prince (musician)", "Prince (musician)", "Prince (musician)" ]

[ "Animal shelter", "I have not, but I need to. I once fostered a dog, though. Have you?", "I agree. I think that it is pretty ridiculous to ever hurt those types of living creatures. Shows a lack of empathy", "That's great. I'm glad you do such great work and help make a difference" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ An animal shelter or pound is a place where stray, lost, abandoned or surrendered animals, mostly dogs and cats, and sometimes sick or wounded wildlife are kept and rehabilitated.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ While no-kill shelters exist, it is sometimes policy to euthanize sick animals, and any animal that is not claimed quickly enough by a previous or new owner.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ In Europe, of 30 countries included in a survey, all but four (Czech republic, Germany, Greece, and Italy) permitted the killing of healthy stray dogs.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ Critics believe the new term \"animal shelter\" is generally a euphemism for the older term \"pound\".", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ The word \"pound\" had its origins in the animal pounds of agricultural communities, where stray livestock would be penned or impounded until claimed by their owners.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ Some shelters even have sick tropical animals.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ In the United States there is no government-run organization that provides oversight or regulation of the various shelters on a national basis.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ However, many individual states do regulate shelters within their jurisdiction.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ One of the earliest comprehensive measures was the \"Georgia Animal Protection Act\" of 1986.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ The law was enacted in response to the inhumane treatment of companion animals by a pet store chain in Atlanta." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ An animal shelter or pound is a place where stray, lost, abandoned or surrendered animals, mostly dogs and cats, and sometimes sick or wounded wildlife are kept and rehabilitated.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ While no-kill shelters exist, it is sometimes policy to euthanize sick animals, and any animal that is not claimed quickly enough by a previous or new owner.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ In Europe, of 30 countries included in a survey, all but four (Czech republic, Germany, Greece, and Italy) permitted the killing of healthy stray dogs.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ Critics believe the new term \"animal shelter\" is generally a euphemism for the older term \"pound\".", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ The word \"pound\" had its origins in the animal pounds of agricultural communities, where stray livestock would be penned or impounded until claimed by their owners.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ Some shelters even have sick tropical animals.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ In the United States there is no government-run organization that provides oversight or regulation of the various shelters on a national basis.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ However, many individual states do regulate shelters within their jurisdiction.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ One of the earliest comprehensive measures was the \"Georgia Animal Protection Act\" of 1986.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ The law was enacted in response to the inhumane treatment of companion animals by a pet store chain in Atlanta.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Service dog __knowledge__ A service dog is a type of assistance dog specifically trained to help people who have disabilities, such as visual impairment, hearing impairments, mental illnesses (such as post traumatic stress disorder), seizure disorder, mobility impairment, and diabetes.", "Service dog __knowledge__ Desirable character traits in service animals typically include good temperament or psychological make-up (including biddability and trainability) and good health (including physical structure and stamina).", "Service dog __knowledge__ Some service dogs are bred and trained by service dog organizations, while others are bred by breeders, and trained by private trainers or even the individuals with disabilities who will someday become their partners.", "Gray wolf __knowledge__ The gray wolf (\"Canis lupus\"), also known as the timber wolf or western wolf, is a canine native to the wilderness and remote areas of Eurasia and North America.", "Gray wolf __knowledge__ It is the largest extant member of its family, with males averaging and females .", "Gray wolf __knowledge__ Like the red wolf, it is distinguished from other \"Canis\" species by its larger size and less pointed features, particularly on the ears and muzzle.", "Gray wolf __knowledge__ Its winter fur is long and bushy and predominantly a mottled gray in color, although nearly pure white, red, and brown to black also occur.", "Gray wolf __knowledge__ \"Mammal Species of the World\" (3rd ed., 2005), a standard reference work in zoology, recognises 38 subspecies of \"C. lupus\"..Gray wolfs are pack hunters.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that were introduced in CBBC's \"The Dumping Ground\".", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ The series is based on The Story of Tracy Beaker by Jacqueline Wilson.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ It has aired since 2013 and is currently airing the fifth series.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ The series follows \"The Story of Tracy Beaker\" that ran for five series from 2002 to 2005, and \"Tracy Beaker Returns\" that ran for three series from 2010 to 2012.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ Connor Byrne has played the role of Mike Milligan for all three programmes.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ Faith Davis is a resident of Elm Tree House and Ashdene Ridge during the first two series of \"The Dumping Ground\".", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ She is portrayed by Leanne Dunstan.", "List of EastEnders characters (2015) __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that first appeared in the BBC soap opera \"EastEnders\" in 2015, by order of first appearance.", "List of EastEnders characters (2015) __knowledge__ All characters were introduced by the show's executive producer Dominic Treadwell-Collins.", "List of EastEnders characters (2015) __knowledge__ January saw the arrival of the year's first baby, Matthew Mitchell Cotton, son of Ronnie Mitchell and Charlie Cotton.", "List of EastEnders characters (2015) __knowledge__ The following month saw the show celebrate its 30th anniversary with a live week, which oversaw the live arrivals of Vincent Hubbard, and the second baby born in 2015, Pearl Fox-Hubbard, Vincent's daughter with Kim Fox-Hubbard.", "List of EastEnders characters (2015) __knowledge__ In March, Claudette Hubbard arrived as Donna Yates' foster mother and an acquaintance of Les Coker followed by Stan Carter's friend Cyril Bishop and Sharon Mitchell's aunt Margaret Midhurst, whilst Denise van Outen joined in April as Karin Smart.", "Dog park __knowledge__ A dog park is a park for dogs to exercise and play off-leash in a controlled environment under the supervision of their owners.", "Dog park __knowledge__ These parks have varying features, although they typically offer a 4' to 6' fence, separate double-gated entry and exit points, adequate drainage, benches for humans, shade for hot days, parking close to the site, water, tools to pick up and dispose of animal waste in covered trash cans, and regular maintenance and cleaning of the grounds.", "Dog park __knowledge__ Dog parks may also offer wheel-chair access, a pond for swimming and a separate enclosure for small dogs.", "Dog park __knowledge__ Off-leash dog areas, or dog parks, provide a community setting in which people can gather and socialize and where they can observe the interaction of groups of dogs at play.", "List of Tracy Beaker Returns characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that were introduced in CBBC's \"Tracy Beaker Returns\".", "List of Tracy Beaker Returns characters __knowledge__ The series is based on The Story of Tracy Beaker by Jacqueline Wilson.", "List of Tracy Beaker Returns characters __knowledge__ It ran on for three series from 2010 to 2012.", "List of Tracy Beaker Returns characters __knowledge__ The series follows \"The Story of Tracy Beaker\" that ran for five series from 2002 to 2005 and it is followed by \"The Dumping Ground\" that has aired since 2013.", "List of Tracy Beaker Returns characters __knowledge__ Connor Byrne has played the role of Mike Milligan for all three programmes.", "List of Tracy Beaker Returns characters __knowledge__ Dani Harmer and Lisa Coleman reprised their roles as Tracy Beaker and Cam Lawson for \"Tracy Beaker Returns\".", "List of Tracy Beaker Returns characters __knowledge__ Gina Conway, played by Kay Purcell, is a careworker at \"Elm Tree House\" in \"Tracy Beaker Returns\" and the first series of \"The Dumping Ground\".", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA ; stylized PeTA) is an American animal rights organization based in Norfolk, Virginia, and led by Ingrid Newkirk, its international president.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ A nonprofit corporation with nearly 400 employees, it claims that it has 6.5 million members and supporters, in addition to claiming that it is the largest animal rights group in the world.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ Its slogan is \"Animals are not ours to eat, wear, experiment on, use for entertainment, or abuse in any other way.\"", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ Founded in March 1980 by Newkirk and fellow animal rights activist Alex Pacheco, the organization first caught the public's attention in the summer of 1981 during what became known as the Silver Spring monkeys case, a widely publicized dispute about experiments conducted on 17 macaque monkeys inside the Institute of Behavioral Research in Silver Spring, Maryland.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A \"no-kill\" shelter is an animal shelter that does not kill healthy or treatable animals even when the shelter is full, reserving euthanasia for terminally ill animals or those considered dangerous to public safety.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A no-kill shelter uses many strategies to promote shelter animals; to expanding its resources using volunteers, housing and medical protocols; and to work actively to lower the number of homeless animals entering the shelter system.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A no-kill or limited admit shelter is a shelter that saves healthy, treatable and rehabilitatable animals.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ As a benchmark, at least 90% of the animals entering the shelter are expected to be saved.", "North Carolina Animal Protection Act __knowledge__ The North Carolina Animal Protection Act aims to protect pets and their owners in North Carolina.", "North Carolina Animal Protection Act __knowledge__ This legislation models the Animal Welfare Act of 1966 and can be found in the North Carolina General Statutes under Chapter 19A: Protection Of Animals, Article 3, consisting of six articles.", "North Carolina Animal Protection Act __knowledge__ It aims (i) to protect the owners of dogs and cats from the theft of such pets; (ii) to prevent the sale or use of stolen pets; (iii) to insure that animals, as items of commerce, are provided humane care and treatment by regulating the transportation, sale, purchase, housing, care, handling and treatment of such animals by persons or organizations engaged in transporting, buying, or selling them for such use; (iv) to insure that animals confined in pet shops, kennels, animal shelters and auction markets are provided humane care and treatment; (v) to prohibit the sale, trade or adoption of those animals which show physical signs of infection, communicable disease, or congenital abnormalities, unless veterinary care is assured subsequent to sale, trade or adoption.", "Cruelty to animals __knowledge__ Cruelty to animals, also called animal abuse, animal neglect or animal cruelty, is the infliction by omission (animal neglect) or by commission by humans of suffering or harm upon any non-human animal, regardless of whether the act is against the law.", "Cruelty to animals __knowledge__ More narrowly, it can be the causing of harm or suffering for specific achievement, such as killing animals for food or for their fur; opinions differ about the extent of cruelty associated with a given method of slaughter.", "Cruelty to animals __knowledge__ Cruelty to animals sometimes encompasses inflicting harm or suffering as an end in itself, defined as zoosadism.", "Cruelty to animals __knowledge__ Divergent approaches to laws concerning animal cruelty occur in different jurisdictions throughout the world.", "Pardis Animal Shelter __knowledge__ Pardis Animal Shelter () is a no-kill animal shelter, a spay/neuter clinic, and a public animal hospital located near Tabriz, Iran.", "Pardis Animal Shelter __knowledge__ It is affiliated with \"Tabriz Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals\" which is a volunteer nonprofit organization based in Tabriz, devoted to pet adoption and animal rescue.", "Pardis Animal Shelter __knowledge__ Pardis Shelter was founded by Jila Pourirani in 2012, after a massive cull that nearly 400 dogs were shot dead in Tabriz.", "Pardis Animal Shelter __knowledge__ Pardis Shelter has a clinic, 11 shelters, three niches and shaded areas.", "Pardis Animal Shelter __knowledge__ 1300 animals of different kinds including dogs, cats, foxes, horses and birds such as eagle, owl and vultures are being treated and sheltered in this center.", "MSPCA-Angell __knowledge__ The Massachusetts Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals-Angell Animal Medical Center (MSPCA-Angell) is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization with its main headquarters on South Huntington Avenue in the Jamaica Plain neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts.", "MSPCA-Angell __knowledge__ It was founded in 1868, and is the second-oldest humane society in the United States.", "MSPCA-Angell __knowledge__ \"MSPCA-Angell\" was adopted as the society's identity in 2003, and indicates the names of its two closely related predecessor organizations: Massachusetts Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals and Angell Animal Medical Center (formerly known as Angell Memorial Animal Hospital)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ An animal shelter or pound is a place where stray, lost, abandoned or surrendered animals, mostly dogs and cats, and sometimes sick or wounded wildlife are kept and rehabilitated.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ While no-kill shelters exist, it is sometimes policy to euthanize sick animals, and any animal that is not claimed quickly enough by a previous or new owner.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ In Europe, of 30 countries included in a survey, all but four (Czech republic, Germany, Greece, and Italy) permitted the killing of healthy stray dogs.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ Critics believe the new term \"animal shelter\" is generally a euphemism for the older term \"pound\".", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ The word \"pound\" had its origins in the animal pounds of agricultural communities, where stray livestock would be penned or impounded until claimed by their owners.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ Some shelters even have sick tropical animals.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ In the United States there is no government-run organization that provides oversight or regulation of the various shelters on a national basis.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ However, many individual states do regulate shelters within their jurisdiction.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ One of the earliest comprehensive measures was the \"Georgia Animal Protection Act\" of 1986.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ The law was enacted in response to the inhumane treatment of companion animals by a pet store chain in Atlanta.", "Empathy __knowledge__ Empathy is the capacity to understand or feel what another person is experiencing from within the other person's frame of reference, i.e., the capacity to place oneself in another's position.", "Empathy __knowledge__ There are many definitions for empathy that encompass a broad range of emotional states.", "Empathy __knowledge__ Types of empathy include cognitive empathy, emotional empathy, and empathy.", "Empathy __knowledge__ The English word \"empathy\" is derived from the Ancient Greek word εμπάθεια (\"empatheia\", meaning \"physical affection or passion\").", "Empathy __knowledge__ This, in turn, comes from εν (\"en\", \"in, at\") and πάθος (\"pathos\", \"passion\" or \"suffering\").", "Empathy __knowledge__ The term was adapted by Hermann Lotze and Robert Vischer to create the German word \"Einfühlung\" (\"feeling into\"), which was translated by Edward B. Titchener into the English term empathy.", "List of Deltora Quest characters __knowledge__ The \"Deltora\" series features a wide line of characters, both important and minor.", "List of Deltora Quest characters __knowledge__ The series also features many different monsters and creatures that appeared in all of the many different books.", "List of Deltora Quest characters __knowledge__ This article is a list of the many different characters and creatures that have appeared in the Deltora series.", "List of Deltora Quest characters __knowledge__ Lief was raised as a blacksmith's son in the run-down city of Del after the invasion.", "List of Deltora Quest characters __knowledge__ Hot-headed and impatient at the start of the series, all he wanted to do was go out and explore the city.", "List of Deltora Quest characters __knowledge__ On the night of his sixteenth birthday, he leaves on his father's quest to restore the Belt of Deltora, the only thing that can save their land and the heir from the tyranny of the Shadow Lord.", "Living creatures (Bible) __knowledge__ The living creatures, living beings, or Hayyoth (Hebrew חַיּוֹת \"chayot\", from חַיּ \"chai\", \"live\") are a class of heavenly beings described in Ezekiel's vision of the heavenly chariot in the first and tenth chapters of the Book of Ezekiel.", "Living creatures (Bible) __knowledge__ References to the creatures recur in texts of Second Temple Judaism, in rabbinical \"merkabah\" (\"chariot\") literature, and in the Book of Daniel, and also in the Book of Revelation.", "Living creatures (Bible) __knowledge__ Ezekiel's vision of the four living creatures in are identified as cherubim in who are God's throne bearers.", "Living creatures (Bible) __knowledge__ Cherubim as minor guardian deities of temple or palace thresholds are known all over the Ancient East.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ This article is about the characters in Brian Jacques' fantasy series \"Redwall\".", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the Abbey Warriors from the books \"The Legend of Luke\" to \"Eulalia!\".", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Martin I is an anthropomorphic mouse, appearing in the \"Redwall\" series by Brian Jacques.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Known as \"Martin the Warrior\" throughout the Redwall series, Martin, a woodland mouse, is the son of Luke the Warrior and his mate Sayna.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Luke is the kindly leader of an idyllic tribe of mice.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Their settlement is sacked by a wicked stoat pirate named Vilu Daskar, and Sayna is killed.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Luke vows revenge against the corsair captain and sets out after him, refusing Martin's wishes to join him, but leaving his sword in his son's possession.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Undead (Dungeons &amp; Dragons) __knowledge__ In the \"Dungeons & Dragons\" fantasy role-playing game, undead is a classification of monsters that can be encountered by player characters.", "Undead (Dungeons &amp; Dragons) __knowledge__ Undead creatures are most often once-living creatures, which have been animated by spiritual or supernatural forces.", "Undead (Dungeons &amp; Dragons) __knowledge__ In the game's third edition, \"Undead\" became a \"creature type\".", "Undead (Dungeons &amp; Dragons) __knowledge__ In the third edition of the game, all undead have darkvision out to sixty feet.", "Undead (Dungeons &amp; Dragons) __knowledge__ Undead have a wide array of immunities, including being immune to: all mind-affecting effects, poison, sleep effects, paralysis, stunning, disease, and death effects.", "Undead (Dungeons &amp; Dragons) __knowledge__ They are also not subject to critical hits, nonlethal damage, ability drain, or energy drain.", "Orcus (Dungeons &amp; Dragons) __knowledge__ Orcus is a fictional demon prince and lord of the undead in many campaign settings for the \"Dungeons & Dragons\" fantasy role-playing game.", "Orcus (Dungeons &amp; Dragons) __knowledge__ He is named after Orcus of Roman mythology.", "Orcus (Dungeons &amp; Dragons) __knowledge__ His symbol is a mace with a human skull as the head.", "Orcus (Dungeons &amp; Dragons) __knowledge__ Orcus is one of the most detailed demon lords of the \"Dungeons & Dragons\" game and one of a small handful to be detailed in every edition of the game.", "Orcus (Dungeons &amp; Dragons) __knowledge__ Orcus was also named as one of the greatest villains in \"D&D\" history by the final print issue of \"Dragon\".", "Orcus (Dungeons &amp; Dragons) __knowledge__ \"Dungeons & Dragons 4th Edition for Dummies\" describes Orcus as \"the most monstrous evil in the game\".", "Orcus (Dungeons &amp; Dragons) __knowledge__ Orcus was first presented in the \"Eldritch Wizardry\" supplement in 1976, by Gary Gygax and Brian Blume, for the original (white box) \"Dungeons & Dragons\" game.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A \"no-kill\" shelter is an animal shelter that does not kill healthy or treatable animals even when the shelter is full, reserving euthanasia for terminally ill animals or those considered dangerous to public safety.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A no-kill shelter uses many strategies to promote shelter animals; to expanding its resources using volunteers, housing and medical protocols; and to work actively to lower the number of homeless animals entering the shelter system.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A no-kill or limited admit shelter is a shelter that saves healthy, treatable and rehabilitatable animals.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ As a benchmark, at least 90% of the animals entering the shelter are expected to be saved.", "Assisted suicide __knowledge__ Assisted suicide is suicide committed with the aid of another person, sometimes a physician.", "Assisted suicide __knowledge__ The term is often used interchangeably with physician-assisted suicide (PAS), which involves a doctor \"knowingly and intentionally providing a person with the knowledge or means or both required to commit suicide, including counseling about lethal doses of drugs, prescribing such lethal doses or supplying the drugs.\"", "Assisted suicide __knowledge__ Canada, Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, and Switzerland allow physicians to physically assist in the death of patients.", "Assisted suicide __knowledge__ In the United States, six states allow medical aid in dying, a legal practice in which a person who has been diagnosed as terminally ill with 6 months or less to live can request a lethal dose of a medication to self-administer in order to end their life.", "Legality of euthanasia __knowledge__ Efforts to change government policies on euthanasia of human lives in the 20th and 21st centuries have met limited success in Western countries.", "Legality of euthanasia __knowledge__ Human euthanasia policies have also been developed by a variety of NGOs, most notably medical associations and advocacy organizations.", "Legality of euthanasia __knowledge__ , human euthanasia is legal in the Netherlands, Belgium, Colombia, Luxembourg and Canada Assisted suicide is legal in Switzerland, Germany, Japan, and in the US states of Washington, Oregon, Colorado, Vermont, Montana, Washington DC, and California.", "Legality of euthanasia __knowledge__ South Korea is also set to join as a euthanasia-legal country starting from February 2018, both active and passive.", "Voluntary euthanasia __knowledge__ Voluntary euthanasia is the practice of ending a life in a painless manner.", "Voluntary euthanasia __knowledge__ Voluntary euthanasia (VE) and physician-assisted suicide (PAS) have been the focus of great controversy in recent years.", "Voluntary euthanasia __knowledge__ As of 2009, some forms of voluntary euthanasia are legal in Belgium, Colombia, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Switzerland, and Canada.", "Voluntary euthanasia __knowledge__ Voluntary refusal of food and fluids (VRFF) or Patient Refusal of Nutrition and Hydration (PRNH) is bordering on euthanasia.", "Voluntary euthanasia __knowledge__ Some authors classify it as a form of passive euthanasia, while others treat it separately because it is treated differently from legal point of view and often perceived as a more ethical option.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA ; stylized PeTA) is an American animal rights organization based in Norfolk, Virginia, and led by Ingrid Newkirk, its international president.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ A nonprofit corporation with nearly 400 employees, it claims that it has 6.5 million members and supporters, in addition to claiming that it is the largest animal rights group in the world.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ Its slogan is \"Animals are not ours to eat, wear, experiment on, use for entertainment, or abuse in any other way.\"", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ Founded in March 1980 by Newkirk and fellow animal rights activist Alex Pacheco, the organization first caught the public's attention in the summer of 1981 during what became known as the Silver Spring monkeys case, a widely publicized dispute about experiments conducted on 17 macaque monkeys inside the Institute of Behavioral Research in Silver Spring, Maryland.", "Euthanasia __knowledge__ Euthanasia (from ; \"good death\": εὖ, \"eu\"; \"well\" or \"good\" – θάνατος, \"thanatos\"; \"death\") is the practice of intentionally ending a life to relieve pain and suffering.", "Euthanasia __knowledge__ There are different euthanasia laws in each country.", "Euthanasia __knowledge__ The British House of Lords Select Committee on Medical Ethics defines euthanasia as \"a deliberate intervention undertaken with the express intention of ending a life, to relieve intractable suffering\".", "Euthanasia __knowledge__ In the Netherlands and Belgium, euthanasia is understood as \"termination of life by a doctor at the request of a patient\".", "Euthanasia __knowledge__ The Dutch law however, does not use the term 'euthanasia' but includes it under the broader definition of \"assisted suicide and termination of life on request\".", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ The Humane Society of the United States (HSUS), based in Washington, D.C., is an American nonprofit organization founded by journalist Fred Myers and Helen Jones, Larry Andrews, and Marcia Glaser in 1954, to address what they saw as animal-related cruelties of national scope, and to resolve animal welfare problems by applying strategies beyond the resources or abilities of local organizations.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ In 2013, the \"Chronicle of Philanthropy\" identified HSUS as the 136th largest charity in the United States in its Philanthropy 400 listing.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ As of 2001, the group's major campaigns targeted five issues: factory farming, animal fighting, the fur trade, puppy mills, and wildlife abuse." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ An animal shelter or pound is a place where stray, lost, abandoned or surrendered animals, mostly dogs and cats, and sometimes sick or wounded wildlife are kept and rehabilitated.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ While no-kill shelters exist, it is sometimes policy to euthanize sick animals, and any animal that is not claimed quickly enough by a previous or new owner.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ In Europe, of 30 countries included in a survey, all but four (Czech republic, Germany, Greece, and Italy) permitted the killing of healthy stray dogs.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ Critics believe the new term \"animal shelter\" is generally a euphemism for the older term \"pound\".", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ The word \"pound\" had its origins in the animal pounds of agricultural communities, where stray livestock would be penned or impounded until claimed by their owners.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ Some shelters even have sick tropical animals.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ In the United States there is no government-run organization that provides oversight or regulation of the various shelters on a national basis.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ However, many individual states do regulate shelters within their jurisdiction.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ One of the earliest comprehensive measures was the \"Georgia Animal Protection Act\" of 1986.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ The law was enacted in response to the inhumane treatment of companion animals by a pet store chain in Atlanta.", "Great Work __knowledge__ The term Great Work (magnum opus) is a term used in Hermeticism and in certain occult traditions and religions such as Thelema.", "Great Work __knowledge__ Eliphas Levi (1810–1875), one of the first modern ceremonial magicians and inspiration for the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn, discussed the Great Work at length, expanding it from the purely alchemical towards the more spiritual: Furthermore, there exists in nature a force which is immeasurably more powerful than steam, and by means of which a single man, who knows how to adapt and direct it, might upset and alter the face of the world.", "Great Work __knowledge__ This force was known to the ancients; it consists in a universal agent having equilibrium for its supreme law, while its direction is concerned immediately with the great arcanum of transcendental magic...", "Glad (duke) __knowledge__ Glad (, , , ) was the ruler of Banat (in present-day Romania and Serbia) at the time of the Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin around 900 AD, according to the \"Gesta Hungarorum\".", "Glad (duke) __knowledge__ The \"Gesta\", which was written by an author known in modern scholarship as Anonymus in the second half of the 12th century or in the early 13th century, is the earliest extant Hungarian chronicle.", "Glad (duke) __knowledge__ The \"Gesta\" did not refer to the enemies of the conquering Hungarians (or Magyars), who had been mentioned in earlier annals and chronicles, but wrote of a dozen persons, including Glad, who are unknown from other primary sources of the Hungarian Conquest.", "Political positions of Mitt Romney __knowledge__ The political positions of Mitt Romney have been recorded from his 1994 U.S. senatorial campaign, the 2002 gubernatorial election, during his 2003–2007 governorship, during his 2008 U.S. presidential campaign, in his 2010 book \"\", and during his 2012 U.S. presidential campaign.", "Political positions of Mitt Romney __knowledge__ Some of these political positions have changed, while others have remained unchanged.", "Political positions of Mitt Romney __knowledge__ In his 1994 Senate campaign, Romney called for the \"virtual elimination\" of the federal Department of Agriculture and for reductions in farm subsidies.", "Political positions of Mitt Romney __knowledge__ In 2007, when questioned about these views, a Romney for President Iowa campaign spokesman responded: \"Governor Romney believes that investing in agriculture is key to our economy and families.\"", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The Spirit of the Age (full title \"The Spirit of the Age: Or, Contemporary Portraits\") is a collection of character sketches by the early 19th century English essayist, literary critic, and social commentator William Hazlitt, portraying 25 men, mostly British, whom he believed to represent significant trends in the thought, literature, and politics of his time.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The subjects include thinkers, social reformers, politicians, poets, essayists, and novelists, many of whom Hazlitt was personally acquainted with or had encountered.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ Originally appearing in English periodicals, mostly \"The New Monthly Magazine\" in 1824, the essays were collected with several others written for the purpose and published in book form in 1825.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "The Glad Products Company __knowledge__ The Glad Products Company is an American company specializing in trash bags and plastic food storage containers.", "The Glad Products Company __knowledge__ The Glad brand originated in the United States in 1963 when the owner and CEO of the company, David Darroch, launched \"Glad Wrap\", a polyethylene film used as a food wrap.", "The Glad Products Company __knowledge__ Douglas G. Taylor was transferred that same year from the Union Carbide facility in Pittsburgh, Pa. to spearhead the Glad project.", "The Glad Products Company __knowledge__ Mr. Taylor headed Sales and Marketing for the Glad products until he was retired from Union Carbide in 1985 after putting together the sale to FirstBrands.", "The Glad Products Company __knowledge__ At the time of the sale, Mr. Taylor was Sr. VP of the Home and Automotive products division as well as the head of STP brands.", "Pollyanna __knowledge__ Pollyanna is a best-selling 1913 novel by Eleanor H. Porter that is now considered a classic of children's literature, with the title character's name becoming a popular term for someone with the same very optimistic outlook: a subconscious bias towards the positive is often described as the Pollyanna principle.", "Pollyanna __knowledge__ The book was such a success that Porter soon produced a sequel, \"Pollyanna Grows Up\" (1915).", "Pollyanna __knowledge__ Eleven more \"Pollyanna\" sequels, known as \"Glad Books\", were later published, most of them written by Elizabeth Borton or Harriet Lummis Smith.", "Pollyanna __knowledge__ Further sequels followed, including \"Pollyanna Plays the Game\" by Colleen L. Reece, published in 1997.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ The Humane Society of the United States (HSUS), based in Washington, D.C., is an American nonprofit organization founded by journalist Fred Myers and Helen Jones, Larry Andrews, and Marcia Glaser in 1954, to address what they saw as animal-related cruelties of national scope, and to resolve animal welfare problems by applying strategies beyond the resources or abilities of local organizations.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ In 2013, the \"Chronicle of Philanthropy\" identified HSUS as the 136th largest charity in the United States in its Philanthropy 400 listing.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ As of 2001, the group's major campaigns targeted five issues: factory farming, animal fighting, the fur trade, puppy mills, and wildlife abuse.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA ; stylized PeTA) is an American animal rights organization based in Norfolk, Virginia, and led by Ingrid Newkirk, its international president.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ A nonprofit corporation with nearly 400 employees, it claims that it has 6.5 million members and supporters, in addition to claiming that it is the largest animal rights group in the world.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ Its slogan is \"Animals are not ours to eat, wear, experiment on, use for entertainment, or abuse in any other way.\"", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ Founded in March 1980 by Newkirk and fellow animal rights activist Alex Pacheco, the organization first caught the public's attention in the summer of 1981 during what became known as the Silver Spring monkeys case, a widely publicized dispute about experiments conducted on 17 macaque monkeys inside the Institute of Behavioral Research in Silver Spring, Maryland.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A \"no-kill\" shelter is an animal shelter that does not kill healthy or treatable animals even when the shelter is full, reserving euthanasia for terminally ill animals or those considered dangerous to public safety.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A no-kill shelter uses many strategies to promote shelter animals; to expanding its resources using volunteers, housing and medical protocols; and to work actively to lower the number of homeless animals entering the shelter system.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A no-kill or limited admit shelter is a shelter that saves healthy, treatable and rehabilitatable animals.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ As a benchmark, at least 90% of the animals entering the shelter are expected to be saved.", "List of performances by the London Symphony Orchestra __knowledge__ Since its inception in 1904, the London Symphony Orchestra has given its own series of concerts.", "List of performances by the London Symphony Orchestra __knowledge__ In the beginning the Orchestra hired itself out both in London and elsewhere to other musical organisations and festivals, performing a limited number of its own concerts in a series at Queen's Hall in London.", "List of performances by the London Symphony Orchestra __knowledge__ Nowadays it promotes nearly all of its own concerts at the Barbican Centre in London.", "List of performances by the London Symphony Orchestra __knowledge__ Hans Richter accepted the position of Principal Conductor, although he never gave all concerts in a season, sharing his time with the LSO with his position as conductor of the Hallé Orchestra in Manchester.", "List of performances by the London Symphony Orchestra __knowledge__ 9 June 1904 Hans Richter Wagner: Prelude to Die Meistersinger Bach: Orchestral Suite No.", "History of Edinburgh Zoo __knowledge__ Edinburgh Zoo is a zoological park in Edinburgh, Scotland which opened on 22 July 1913.", "History of Edinburgh Zoo __knowledge__ Edinburgh had previously been home to a zoological garden which failed to thrive.", "History of Edinburgh Zoo __knowledge__ The new zoo is owned and run by the Royal Zoological Society of Scotland and initially opened as the Scottish National Zoological Park.", "History of Edinburgh Zoo __knowledge__ Modern zoological methods allowed animals to survive in Edinburgh's cold climate.", "History of Edinburgh Zoo __knowledge__ Edinburgh is the only zoo in the United Kingdom to be incorporated by Royal Charter, and was the first zoo in the world to house and breed penguins.", "History of Edinburgh Zoo __knowledge__ The zoo's penguins have been famous throughout its history, and since the 1950s have performed a daily parade around the park.", "List of Jurassic Park characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters from Michael Crichton's novel \"Jurassic Park\", its sequel \"The Lost World\", and their film adaptations, \"Jurassic Park\" and \"\".", "List of Jurassic Park characters __knowledge__ Also included are characters from the films \"Jurassic Park III\", \"Jurassic World\" and \"\", which are not adaptations and have no original source novels but contain characters and events based on the fictional universe of Crichton's novels.", "List of Jurassic Park characters __knowledge__ Jurassic Park is a 1990 science fiction novel by Michael Crichton, adapted into a feature film released in 1993.", "List of Jurassic Park characters __knowledge__ As the novel opens, billionaire entrepreneur John Hammond founds a high-tech amusement park on the fictional Costa Rican island of Isla Nublar." ] ]

[ 1, 58, 6, 8 ]

[ "Have you ever volunteered at an animal shelter for stray / lost abandoned animals?", "Yes, I decided to work in a no-kill shelter because they don't use euthanasia on an animal unless it's terminally ill or dangerous to the public. I don't like killing animals for space, it's not right.", "I agree. My shelters specializes in the care of sick tropical animals.", "It's sad though because in my state they shelters aren't regulated within State jurisdiction so there are so many animals." ]

[ "Animal shelter", "Animal shelter", "Animal shelter", "Animal shelter" ]

[ "French fries", "I am definitely pro French fry.", "Fries are good in all weather! Have had some great fries in California also, they were called belgian fries. Kind of like the cross fries they serve at a few places. Shoe string fries. What's not to like?", "Are steak fries the enormous ones?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "French fries __knowledge__ French fries (North American English), chips (British English), finger chips (Indian English), or French-fried potatoes are \"batonnet\" or \"allumette\"-cut deep-fried potatoes.", "French fries __knowledge__ In the United States and most of Canada, the term \"fries\" refers to all dishes of fried elongated pieces of potatoes, while in the United Kingdom, Australia, South Africa (rarely), Ireland and New Zealand, thinly cut fried potatoes are sometimes called \"shoestring fries\" or \"skinny fries\" to distinguish them from the thicker-cut \"chips\".", "French fries __knowledge__ French fries are served hot, either soft or crispy, and are generally eaten as part of lunch or dinner or by themselves as a snack, and they commonly appear on the menus of diners, fast food restaurants, pubs, and bars.", "French fries __knowledge__ Fries in America are generally salted and are almost always served with ketchup, but in many countries they have other condiments or toppings, like vinegar, mayonnaise, or other local specialties.", "French fries __knowledge__ Fries can be topped more heavily, as in the dishes of poutine and chili cheese fries.", "French fries __knowledge__ French fries can be made from sweet potatoes instead of potatoes.", "French fries __knowledge__ A baked variant of the French fry (\"oven chips\") uses less or even no oil.", "French fries __knowledge__ French fries are prepared by first peeling and cutting the potato into even strips." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "French fries __knowledge__ French fries (North American English), chips (British English), finger chips (Indian English), or French-fried potatoes are \"batonnet\" or \"allumette\"-cut deep-fried potatoes.", "French fries __knowledge__ In the United States and most of Canada, the term \"fries\" refers to all dishes of fried elongated pieces of potatoes, while in the United Kingdom, Australia, South Africa (rarely), Ireland and New Zealand, thinly cut fried potatoes are sometimes called \"shoestring fries\" or \"skinny fries\" to distinguish them from the thicker-cut \"chips\".", "French fries __knowledge__ French fries are served hot, either soft or crispy, and are generally eaten as part of lunch or dinner or by themselves as a snack, and they commonly appear on the menus of diners, fast food restaurants, pubs, and bars.", "French fries __knowledge__ Fries in America are generally salted and are almost always served with ketchup, but in many countries they have other condiments or toppings, like vinegar, mayonnaise, or other local specialties.", "French fries __knowledge__ Fries can be topped more heavily, as in the dishes of poutine and chili cheese fries.", "French fries __knowledge__ French fries can be made from sweet potatoes instead of potatoes.", "French fries __knowledge__ A baked variant of the French fry (\"oven chips\") uses less or even no oil.", "French fries __knowledge__ French fries are prepared by first peeling and cutting the potato into even strips.", "French fry vending machine __knowledge__ A French fry vending machine is a vending machine that dispenses hot French fries, also known as chips.", "French fry vending machine __knowledge__ The first known french fry vending machine was developed circa 1982 by the defunct Precision Fry Foods Pty Ltd. in Australia.", "French fry vending machine __knowledge__ A few companies have developed and manufactured French fry vending machines and prototypes.", "French fry vending machine __knowledge__ Furthermore, a prototype machine was also developed at Wageningen University in the Netherlands.", "French fry vending machine __knowledge__ The now defunct Australian company Precision Fry Foods Pty Ltd. designed the first known French fry vending machine, named Mr. French Fry.", "French fry vending machine __knowledge__ The company registered the design with the Australian government in January 1982.", "Oh, No! It's Devo __knowledge__ Oh, No!", "Oh, No! It's Devo __knowledge__ It's Devo is the fifth studio album by the American new wave band Devo.", "Oh, No! It's Devo __knowledge__ It was originally released in October 1982, on the labels Warner Bros. and Virgin.", "Oh, No! It's Devo __knowledge__ The album was recorded over a period of four months between May and September 1982.", "Oh, No! It's Devo __knowledge__ By the time of its release, Devo were a full-fledged synth-pop act, with guitar-based new wave sounds pushed more towards the background.", "Oh, No! It's Devo __knowledge__ Most of the music on \"Oh, No!", "Oh, No! It's Devo __knowledge__ It's Devo\" was created by electronic means which gave it a much different sound than, for example, their 1978 debut \"Q: Are We Not Men?", "Oh, No! It's Devo __knowledge__ A: We Are Devo!", "Oh, No! It's Devo __knowledge__ \", which relied more on guitars than synthesizers.", "That's Good (song) __knowledge__ \"That's Good\" is a song by the American new wave band Devo, written by Mark Mothersbaugh and Gerald Casale.", "That's Good (song) __knowledge__ It appears on their fifth studio album \"Oh, No!", "That's Good (song) __knowledge__ It's Devo\".", "That's Good (song) __knowledge__ According to Casale, \"the lyrics deal with the ambiguity that if everybody wants what you want, how can everybody have it if everybody wants it and what happens when everybody tries to get it, and maybe you should change what you want.\"", "That's Good (song) __knowledge__ The music video for \"That's Good\" eschewed Devo's previous narrative style for a basic performance against a bluescreen background displaying related visuals to the song.", "That's Good (song) __knowledge__ This was intended to replicate the band's intentions for the forthcoming tour for those who would be unable to attend.", "Vending machine __knowledge__ A vending machine is an automated machine that provides items such as snacks, beverages, alcohol, cigarettes and lottery tickets to consumers after money,credit card, or specially designed card is inserted into the machine.", "Vending machine __knowledge__ The first modern vending machines were developed in England in the early 1880s and dispensed postcards.", "Vending machine __knowledge__ Vending machines exist in many countries, and in more recent times, specialized vending machines that provide less common products compared to traditional vending machine items have been created and provided to consumers.", "Vending machine __knowledge__ The earliest known reference to a vending machine is in the work of Hero of Alexandria, an engineer and mathematician in first-century Roman Egypt.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ When the predecessor of international fast food restaurant chain Burger King (BK) first opened in 1953, its menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ After being acquired by its Miami, Florida franchisees and renamed in 1954, BK began expanding its menu by adding the Whopper sandwich in 1957, and has since added non-beef items such as chicken, fish, and vegetarian offerings, including salads and meatless sandwiches.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ Other additions include a breakfast menu and beverages such as Icees, juices, and bottled waters.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ As the company expanded both inside and outside the United States, it introduced localized versions of its products that conform to regional tastes and cultural or religious beliefs.", "Fry's Electronics __knowledge__ Fry's Electronics is an American big-box store and retailer of software, consumer electronics, household appliances and computer hardware.", "Fry's Electronics __knowledge__ Fry's has in-store computer repair and custom computer building services.", "Fry's Electronics __knowledge__ The company has a chain of superstores headquartered in Silicon Valley.", "Fry's Electronics __knowledge__ Starting with one store located in Sunnyvale, California, the chain posted sales of $2.4 billion and operated 34 stores in nine states by 2008.", "Fry's Electronics __knowledge__ In 1972, Charles Fry sold the Fry's Supermarkets chain based in California for US$14 million to Save Mart Supermarkets.", "Fry's Electronics __knowledge__ He gave a portion of the proceeds, approximately $1 million, to each of his sons, John, W. Randolph (who goes by the nickname \"Randy\") and David, neither of whom had much interest in grocery store retailing.", "List of accompaniments to french fries __knowledge__ French fries are almost always salted just after cooking.", "List of accompaniments to french fries __knowledge__ They are then served with a variety of condiments, notably ketchup, curry, curry ketchup (mildly hot mix of the former two), hot or chili sauce, mustard, mayonnaise, honey mustard, bearnaise sauce, tartar sauce, tzatziki, feta cheese, garlic sauce, fry sauce, ranch dressing, barbecue sauce, gravy, brown sauce, vinegar (especially malt vinegar), lemon, piccalilli, pickled cucumber, gherkins, very small pickled onions, fresh cheese curds (especially Canada), or honey.", "List of accompaniments to french fries __knowledge__ Even the smallest Belgian town has a \"frietkot\" (literally, \"fries shack\").", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's Corporation () is the world's largest chain of fast food restaurants, serving around 68 million customers daily in 119 countries.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's traces its origins to a 1940 restaurant in San Bernardino, California.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ After expanding within the United States, McDonald's became an international corporation in 1967, when it opened a location in Richmond, Canada.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ By the end of the 1970s, McDonald's restaurants existed in five of the Earth's seven continents; an African location came in 1992 in Cape Town,South Africa.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ In order to cater to local tastes and culinary traditions, and often in respect of particular laws or religious beliefs, McDonald's offers regionalized versions of its menu among and within different countries.", "Ketchup __knowledge__ Ketchup (formerly catsup) is a condiment.", "Ketchup __knowledge__ Traditionally, recipes used egg whites, mushrooms, oysters, mussels, or walnuts, among other ingredients, but in modern times the unmodified term usually refers to \"tomato ketchup\".", "Ketchup __knowledge__ Ketchup is a sweet and tangy sauce typically made from tomatoes, sweetener, and vinegar, with assorted seasonings and spices.", "Ketchup __knowledge__ The latter vary by recipe, but commonly include onions, allspice, coriander, cloves, cumin, garlic, mustard and sometimes celery, cinnamon or ginger.", "Ketchup __knowledge__ The market leader in the United States (60% market share) and United Kingdom (82%) is Heinz.", "Ketchup __knowledge__ Hunt's has the second biggest share of the US market with less than 20%.", "Lay's __knowledge__ Lay's is the name of a brand for a number of potato chip varieties, as well as the name of the company that founded the chip brand in the U.S. in 1932.", "Lay's __knowledge__ It is also called Frito-Lay.", "Lay's __knowledge__ Lay's has been owned by PepsiCo since 1965.", "Lay's __knowledge__ \"Lay's\" is the company's primary brand, with the exception of limited markets where other brand names are used: Walkers in the United Kingdom and Ireland; Smith's in Australia; Chipsy in Egypt; Poca in Vietnam; Tapuchips in Israel; Margarita in Colombia; Sabritas in Mexico; and, formerly, Hostess in Canada.", "Lay's __knowledge__ In 1932, salesman Herman Lay opened a snack food operation in Dorset, Ohio; and, in 1938, he purchased the Atlanta, Georgia, potato chip manufacturer \"Barrett Food Company\", renaming it \"H.W." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "French fries __knowledge__ French fries (North American English), chips (British English), finger chips (Indian English), or French-fried potatoes are \"batonnet\" or \"allumette\"-cut deep-fried potatoes.", "French fries __knowledge__ In the United States and most of Canada, the term \"fries\" refers to all dishes of fried elongated pieces of potatoes, while in the United Kingdom, Australia, South Africa (rarely), Ireland and New Zealand, thinly cut fried potatoes are sometimes called \"shoestring fries\" or \"skinny fries\" to distinguish them from the thicker-cut \"chips\".", "French fries __knowledge__ French fries are served hot, either soft or crispy, and are generally eaten as part of lunch or dinner or by themselves as a snack, and they commonly appear on the menus of diners, fast food restaurants, pubs, and bars.", "French fries __knowledge__ Fries in America are generally salted and are almost always served with ketchup, but in many countries they have other condiments or toppings, like vinegar, mayonnaise, or other local specialties.", "French fries __knowledge__ Fries can be topped more heavily, as in the dishes of poutine and chili cheese fries.", "French fries __knowledge__ French fries can be made from sweet potatoes instead of potatoes.", "French fries __knowledge__ A baked variant of the French fry (\"oven chips\") uses less or even no oil.", "French fries __knowledge__ French fries are prepared by first peeling and cutting the potato into even strips.", "List of accompaniments to french fries __knowledge__ French fries are almost always salted just after cooking.", "List of accompaniments to french fries __knowledge__ They are then served with a variety of condiments, notably ketchup, curry, curry ketchup (mildly hot mix of the former two), hot or chili sauce, mustard, mayonnaise, honey mustard, bearnaise sauce, tartar sauce, tzatziki, feta cheese, garlic sauce, fry sauce, ranch dressing, barbecue sauce, gravy, brown sauce, vinegar (especially malt vinegar), lemon, piccalilli, pickled cucumber, gherkins, very small pickled onions, fresh cheese curds (especially Canada), or honey.", "List of accompaniments to french fries __knowledge__ Even the smallest Belgian town has a \"frietkot\" (literally, \"fries shack\").", "Burger King products __knowledge__ When the predecessor of international fast food restaurant chain Burger King (BK) first opened in 1953, its menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ After being acquired by its Miami, Florida franchisees and renamed in 1954, BK began expanding its menu by adding the Whopper sandwich in 1957, and has since added non-beef items such as chicken, fish, and vegetarian offerings, including salads and meatless sandwiches.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ Other additions include a breakfast menu and beverages such as Icees, juices, and bottled waters.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ As the company expanded both inside and outside the United States, it introduced localized versions of its products that conform to regional tastes and cultural or religious beliefs.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's Corporation () is the world's largest chain of fast food restaurants, serving around 68 million customers daily in 119 countries.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's traces its origins to a 1940 restaurant in San Bernardino, California.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ After expanding within the United States, McDonald's became an international corporation in 1967, when it opened a location in Richmond, Canada.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ By the end of the 1970s, McDonald's restaurants existed in five of the Earth's seven continents; an African location came in 1992 in Cape Town,South Africa.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ In order to cater to local tastes and culinary traditions, and often in respect of particular laws or religious beliefs, McDonald's offers regionalized versions of its menu among and within different countries.", "Belgian cuisine __knowledge__ Belgian cuisine is widely varied with significant regional variations while also reflecting the cuisines of neighbouring France, Germany and the Netherlands.", "Belgian cuisine __knowledge__ It is sometimes said that Belgian food is served in the quantity of German cuisine but with the quality of French food.", "Belgian cuisine __knowledge__ Outside the country, Belgium is best known for its chocolate, waffles, fries and beer.", "Belgian cuisine __knowledge__ Though Belgium has many distinctive national dishes, many internationally popular foods like hamburgers and spaghetti bolognese are also popular in Belgium, and most of what Belgians eat is also eaten in neighbouring countries.", "Belgian cuisine __knowledge__ 'Belgian cuisine' therefore usually refers to dishes of Belgian origin, or those considered typically Belgian.", "BK Chicken Fries __knowledge__ BK Chicken Fries are a fried chicken product sold by the international fast-food restaurant chain Burger King.", "BK Chicken Fries __knowledge__ At the time of their introduction in 2005, the company had intended Chicken Fries to be one of their larger, adult oriented products made with higher quality ingredients than their standard menu items.", "BK Chicken Fries __knowledge__ Additionally, the product further targeted the \"snacking\" and \"convenience food\" markets with a specific packaging design that was intended to be easier to handle and fit into automotive cup holders.", "BK Chicken Fries __knowledge__ The product was part of a series of product introductions designed to expand Burger King's menu with both more sophisticated fare and present a larger, meatier product that appealed to 24- to 36-year-old adult males.", "Charles Fries (producer) __knowledge__ Charles William Fries (born September 30, 1928) is an American film producer, television producer, and executive producer who has worked on many TV series, made-for-TV movies, and theatrical films.", "Charles Fries (producer) __knowledge__ The Cincinnati, Ohio-born Fries moved to Los Angeles in 1952 and began working for the production and syndication company Ziv Television Programs.", "Charles Fries (producer) __knowledge__ He later worked at Screen Gems, Columbia Pictures, and Metromedia.", "Charles Fries (producer) __knowledge__ In 1974, he formed Charles Fries Productions, which later became Fries Entertainment, where he produced and/or supervised more than 275 hours of television movies and mini-series.", "Charles Fries (producer) __knowledge__ Among the projects he produced are \"The Amazing Spider-Man\" television series, which aired in the USA between 1977-79, the 1980 television miniseries \"The Martian Chronicles\", based on the book by Ray Bradbury, the 1981 television docudrama \"Bitter Harvest\", and the 1989 made-for-TV movies \"Small Sacrifices\" and \"The Neon Empire\".", "Little Star (novel) __knowledge__ Little Star () is a 2010 horror/drama novel written by John Ajvide Lindqvist.", "Little Star (novel) __knowledge__ It is named after \"Lilla stjärna\", the Swedish entry to the Eurovision Song Contest 1958 held in Hilversum, the Netherlands.", "Little Star (novel) __knowledge__ In 1992, a musician named Lennart finds in the woods an infant left for dead.", "Little Star (novel) __knowledge__ He takes her to his wife, Laila, and the two raise the child in secrecy, believing that her catatonic and trance-like state will result in her being perceived as mentally ill. Their adult son, Jerry, frequently visits the child, whom he names Theres.", "Little Star (novel) __knowledge__ Lennart becomes obsessed with Theres due to her angelic voice.", "Little Star (novel) __knowledge__ He convinces her never to leave the house by telling her that the world is full of \"big people\" who want to eat up the \"little people,\" like her.", "Blue Sky Solar Racing __knowledge__ Blue Sky Solar Racing is a student-run initiative at the University of Toronto.", "Blue Sky Solar Racing __knowledge__ The team aims to promote environmentally friendly technologies through the design, construction and showcasing of world class solar powered vehicles.", "Blue Sky Solar Racing __knowledge__ The project encourages students to participate in a long-term multidisciplinary project to augment their skills learned in class, and to make a positive impact on their community.", "Blue Sky Solar Racing __knowledge__ Since its foundation in 1997, the team has produced eight vehicles that competed in a total of nine international solar car racing competitions.", "Blue Sky Solar Racing __knowledge__ Their most recent vehicle, Horizon, was ranked 12th at World Solar Challenge 2015, and 1st in Canada.", "Blue Sky UAV __knowledge__ Blue Sky LT series UAVs are Chinese UAV developed by Beijing Blue Sky UAV Co., Ltd. (北京蓝天无人机) subsidiary of Beijing Blue Sky Rise Science and Technology Co., Ltd. (Blue Sky, 北京蓝天飞扬科技有限公司).", "Blue Sky UAV __knowledge__ Originally an aerial survey company, Blue Sky has been deploying various UAVs developed by other manufacturers.", "Blue Sky UAV __knowledge__ Based on the experience, Blue Sky has begun to develop its own UAVs by integrating commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) airframes with indigenously developed flight control systems for most UAVs of its own brand.", "Blue Sky UAV __knowledge__ 260 UAV is an unmanned helicopter developed by Blue Sky by integrating COTS airframe with flight control system indigenously developed by Blue Sky.", "Sky Blue Sky __knowledge__ Sky Blue Sky is the sixth studio album by American rock band Wilco, released on May 15, 2007 by Nonesuch Records.", "Sky Blue Sky __knowledge__ Originally announced on January 17, 2007 at a show in Nashville, Tennessee, it was the band's first studio album with guitarist Nels Cline and multi-instrumentalist Pat Sansone.", "Sky Blue Sky __knowledge__ Before its release, the band streamed the entire album on its official website and offered a free download of \"What Light\".", "Sky Blue Sky __knowledge__ \"Sky Blue Sky\" was Wilco's highest debuting album on the \"Billboard\" 200 at number four.", "Sky Blue Sky __knowledge__ The self-produced album received mostly favorable reviews by critics.", "Sky Blue Sky __knowledge__ Publications such as PopMatters and \"Rolling Stone\" praised its maturity, while Playlouder and Pitchfork criticized its \"dad-rock\" sound.", "Blue Sky Beverage Company __knowledge__ Blue Sky Beverage Company is an all natural beverage company that produces a large selection of natural soft drinks and energy drinks.", "Blue Sky Beverage Company __knowledge__ It is a wholly owned subsidiary of the Monster Beverage Corporation.", "Blue Sky Beverage Company __knowledge__ The company was established in Santa Fe, New Mexico, in 1980 where it remained until it was purchased by Monster (then Hansen Beverage) in 2000.", "Blue Sky Beverage Company __knowledge__ Coca-Cola North America took ownership of Blue Sky Sodas, Hansen’s Juice Products, Hansen’s Natural Sodas, Hubert’s Lemonade, Peace Tea and other non-energy drink brands as part of Coke’s partnership with Monster Beverage Corp on Jun 12, 2015.", "Blue Sky Beverage Company __knowledge__ Blue Sky Beverage Company now operates out of Corona, California.", "Blue Sky Studios __knowledge__ Blue Sky Studios is an American computer animation film studio based in Greenwich, Connecticut that has been owned by 20th Century Fox since 1997.", "Blue Sky Studios __knowledge__ The studio was founded in 1987 by Chris Wedge, Michael Ferraro, Carl Ludwig, Alison Brown, David Brown, and Eugene Troubetzkoy after the company they worked in, MAGI, one of the visual effects studios behind \"Tron\" (1982), shut down.", "Blue Sky Studios __knowledge__ Using its in-house rendering software, the studio had worked on visual effects for commercials and films before completely dedicating itself to animated film production in 2002 starting with the release of \"Ice Age\".", "Blue Sky Studios __knowledge__ \"Ice Age\" and \"Rio\" are the studio's most successful franchises, while \"The Peanuts Movie\" is its most critically acclaimed film." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "French fries __knowledge__ French fries (North American English), chips (British English), finger chips (Indian English), or French-fried potatoes are \"batonnet\" or \"allumette\"-cut deep-fried potatoes.", "French fries __knowledge__ In the United States and most of Canada, the term \"fries\" refers to all dishes of fried elongated pieces of potatoes, while in the United Kingdom, Australia, South Africa (rarely), Ireland and New Zealand, thinly cut fried potatoes are sometimes called \"shoestring fries\" or \"skinny fries\" to distinguish them from the thicker-cut \"chips\".", "French fries __knowledge__ French fries are served hot, either soft or crispy, and are generally eaten as part of lunch or dinner or by themselves as a snack, and they commonly appear on the menus of diners, fast food restaurants, pubs, and bars.", "French fries __knowledge__ Fries in America are generally salted and are almost always served with ketchup, but in many countries they have other condiments or toppings, like vinegar, mayonnaise, or other local specialties.", "French fries __knowledge__ Fries can be topped more heavily, as in the dishes of poutine and chili cheese fries.", "French fries __knowledge__ French fries can be made from sweet potatoes instead of potatoes.", "French fries __knowledge__ A baked variant of the French fry (\"oven chips\") uses less or even no oil.", "French fries __knowledge__ French fries are prepared by first peeling and cutting the potato into even strips.", "List of accompaniments to french fries __knowledge__ French fries are almost always salted just after cooking.", "List of accompaniments to french fries __knowledge__ They are then served with a variety of condiments, notably ketchup, curry, curry ketchup (mildly hot mix of the former two), hot or chili sauce, mustard, mayonnaise, honey mustard, bearnaise sauce, tartar sauce, tzatziki, feta cheese, garlic sauce, fry sauce, ranch dressing, barbecue sauce, gravy, brown sauce, vinegar (especially malt vinegar), lemon, piccalilli, pickled cucumber, gherkins, very small pickled onions, fresh cheese curds (especially Canada), or honey.", "List of accompaniments to french fries __knowledge__ Even the smallest Belgian town has a \"frietkot\" (literally, \"fries shack\").", "Beefsteak __knowledge__ A beefsteak is a flat cut of beef, with parallel faces spaced to a thickness of 0.5–2\" (1–5 cm), usually cut perpendicular to the muscle fibers, with a raw mass in common restaurant service ranging from 4–20 ounces (120–600 g).", "Beefsteak __knowledge__ Beefsteaks are usually grilled, pan-fried, or broiled.", "Beefsteak __knowledge__ The more tender cuts from the loin and rib are cooked quickly, using dry heat, and served whole.", "Beefsteak __knowledge__ Less tender cuts from the chuck or round are cooked with moist heat or are mechanically tenderized (\"cf.\"", "Beefsteak __knowledge__ cube steak).", "Beefsteak __knowledge__ In Australia, beefsteak is referred to as just 'steak' and can be purchased uncooked in supermarkets, butchers and some smallgood shops.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ When the predecessor of international fast food restaurant chain Burger King (BK) first opened in 1953, its menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ After being acquired by its Miami, Florida franchisees and renamed in 1954, BK began expanding its menu by adding the Whopper sandwich in 1957, and has since added non-beef items such as chicken, fish, and vegetarian offerings, including salads and meatless sandwiches.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ Other additions include a breakfast menu and beverages such as Icees, juices, and bottled waters.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ As the company expanded both inside and outside the United States, it introduced localized versions of its products that conform to regional tastes and cultural or religious beliefs.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's Corporation () is the world's largest chain of fast food restaurants, serving around 68 million customers daily in 119 countries.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's traces its origins to a 1940 restaurant in San Bernardino, California.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ After expanding within the United States, McDonald's became an international corporation in 1967, when it opened a location in Richmond, Canada.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ By the end of the 1970s, McDonald's restaurants existed in five of the Earth's seven continents; an African location came in 1992 in Cape Town,South Africa.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ In order to cater to local tastes and culinary traditions, and often in respect of particular laws or religious beliefs, McDonald's offers regionalized versions of its menu among and within different countries.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The Hamburger most likely first appeared in the 19th or early 20th century.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The modern hamburger was a product of the culinary needs of a society rapidly changing due to industrialization, the emergence of the working class and middle class and the demand for mass-produced, affordable food that could be consumed outside of the home.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Americans contend they were the first to combine two slices of bread and a steak of ground beef into a \"hamburger sandwich\" and sell it.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Part of the controversy over the origin of the hamburger is because the two basic ingredients, bread and beef, were prepared and consumed separately for many years before their combination.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ A hamburger, beefburger or burger is a sandwich consisting of one or more cooked patties of ground meat, usually beef, placed inside a sliced bread roll or bun.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The patty may be pan fried, barbecued, or flame broiled.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ Hamburgers are often served with cheese, lettuce, tomato, bacon, onion, pickles, or chiles; condiments such as mustard, mayonnaise, ketchup, relish, or \"special sauce\"; and are frequently placed on sesame seed buns.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ A hamburger topped with cheese is called a cheeseburger.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The term \"burger\" can also be applied to the meat patty on its own, especially in the UK where the term \"patty\" is rarely used, or the term can even refer simply to ground beef.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ When the predecessor of international fast food restaurant chain Burger King (BK) first opened in 1955, its menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ After being acquired by its Miami, Florida franchisees and renamed in 1954, BK began expanding its menu by adding the Whopper.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ The company did not add another permanent hamburger to its menu until the introduction of the Big King sandwich in 1996 in response to McDonald's Big Mac sandwich.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ The company began experimenting with premium hamburgers, made from higher quality ingredients, in 1978 with the introduction of its Specialty Sandwich product line.", "Burger King premium burgers __knowledge__ As far back as the 1970s, international fast food restaurant chain Burger King has attempted to introduce a premium line of burgers.", "Burger King premium burgers __knowledge__ These sandwiches are part of a system which eventually became known as the barbell strategy; a plan designed to expand Burger King's menu with both more sophisticated, adult-oriented fare along with products that are more value-oriented.", "Burger King premium burgers __knowledge__ This program is intended to bring in a larger, more affluent adult audience who will be willing to spend more on the better quality products on one side while maintaining a lower cost value menu dedicated to a more cost-conscious audience on the other.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ The following is a list of episodes for the reality television series \"The Great Food Truck Race\" on Food Network.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ There are seven truck teams competing in the race for a grand prize of $50,000.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ Each truck team consists of a driver and two crew members who must staff the truck and are responsible for cooking, shopping, orders and publicity.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ Every week they start off with no food to make things fair for all the teams who must make do with whatever cash Tyler Florence provides (seed money) at the start of each episode, in each new city.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ The trucks all convene in Los Angeles.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ Austin Daily Press – This team from Austin, Texas serves hot, grilled sandwiches." ] ]

[ 4, 3, 3, 0 ]

[ "I love fries they're nice and salty and go great with ketchup, do you like fries? ", "Truthfully theres nothing better than a blue sky day except a good serving of quality fries!", "We have a local burger shop that has the best crispy steak fries that go perfect with there burgers.", "Yes they are normally i dont like them but these are nice,light and crispy." ]

[ "French fries", "French fries", "French fries", "French fries" ]

[ "Factory\nWhew! I just got back from my first day at the factory! That is hard work!", "Has it always been this hard? My back is killing me!", "Wow! Well the factory I'm working at has a ton of really huge machinery! I hope I don't lose an arm or anything, they look dangerous!", "I'm on the assembly line and man does it move fast! I can barely keep up!", "Fortunately we get a lot of breaks, and one of these times I might just walk out the door and never go back!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Factory __knowledge__ A factory (previously manufactory) or manufacturing plant is an industrial site, usually consisting of buildings and machinery, or more commonly a complex having several buildings, where workers manufacture goods or operate machines processing one product into another.", "Factory __knowledge__ Factories arose with the introduction of machinery during the Industrial Revolution when the capital and space requirements became too great for cottage industry or workshops.", "Factory __knowledge__ Early factories that contained small amounts of machinery, such as one or two spinning mules, and fewer than a dozen workers have been called \"glorified workshops\".", "Factory __knowledge__ Most modern factories have large warehouses or warehouse-like facilities that contain heavy equipment used for assembly line production.", "Factory __knowledge__ Large factories tend to be located with access to multiple modes of transportation, with some having rail, highway and water loading and unloading facilities.", "Factory __knowledge__ Factories may either make discrete products or some type of material continuously produced such as chemicals, pulp and paper, or refined oil products.", "Factory __knowledge__ Factories manufacturing chemicals are often called \"plants\" and may have most of their equipment – tanks, pressure vessels, chemical reactors, pumps and piping – outdoors and operated from control rooms.", "Whew! __knowledge__ Whew!", "Whew! __knowledge__ is an American game show that aired on CBS from April 23, 1979, until May 30, 1980.", "Whew! __knowledge__ It was hosted by Tom Kennedy and announced by Rod Roddy.", "Whew! __knowledge__ The game was created by Jay Wolpert.", "Whew! __knowledge__ Production was initially credited to the Bud Austin Company, then later changed to Jay Wolpert Productions in association with Burt Sugarman Inc.", "Whew! __knowledge__ The gameboard consisted of five rows (\"levels\") of five squares each, with values from $10 to $50 in $10 increments, and a sixth level of three squares with values of $200, $350, and $500.", "Whew! __knowledge__ Two contestants (or during the later half of the run, two teams of a celebrity and a non-celebrity) were told the categories for the first two rounds of play at the start of the match.", "Common grackle __knowledge__ The common grackle (\"Quiscalus quiscula\") is a large icterid which is found in large numbers through much of North America.", "Common grackle __knowledge__ The common grackle was first described in 1758 by Carl Linnaeus in the tenth edition of \"Systema Naturae\", as \"Gracula quiscula\".", "Common grackle __knowledge__ It was assigned to the genus \"Quiscalus\" by French ornithologist Louis Jean Pierre Vieillot in his 1816 \"Dictionnaire d'histoire naturelle\".", "Common grackle __knowledge__ Three subspecies are recognized: Adult common grackles measure from in length, span across the wings and weigh .", "Common grackle __knowledge__ Common grackles are less sexually dimorphic than larger grackle species but the differences between the sexes can still be noticeable.", "WHEW __knowledge__ WHEW (1380 AM, \"Bonita 1380\") is an American radio station licensed to serve the community of Franklin, Tennessee.", "WHEW __knowledge__ The station's broadcast license is held by SG Communications, Inc. WHEW broadcasts a Spanish Variety format branded as \"Bonita 1380\".", "WHEW __knowledge__ It used to be licensed to an earlier ownership group as WIZO, and was assigned the call sign \"WHEW\" by the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) on October 1, 1996.", "WHEW __knowledge__ Following a series of missteps by the licensee, WHEW's call sign was deleted from the FCC database and the broadcast license cancelled in August 2012.", "WHEW __knowledge__ After a lengthy appeal, the station was fully reinstated in September 2013.", "History of Tipperary GAA __knowledge__ The Tipperary County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) () is one of the 32 county boards of the GAA in Ireland, and is responsible for Gaelic games in County Tipperary and the Tipperary inter-county teams.", "History of Tipperary GAA __knowledge__ County Tipperary holds an honoured place in the history of the GAA as the organisation was founded in Hayes' Hotel, Thurles, on 1 November 1884.", "History of Tipperary GAA __knowledge__ There follows details of the events of its history and the achievements of its inter county teams.", "History of Tipperary GAA __knowledge__ Tipperary is known as 'The Premier County'.", "History of Tipperary GAA __knowledge__ The county team has had many first and unique achievements in the world of GAA.", "History of Tipperary GAA __knowledge__ 1887- The inaugural All-Ireland senior hurling final was played on Easter Sunday 1888 in Birr, County Offaly.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "Guy Martin __knowledge__ Guy Martin (born 4 November 1981) is a British lorry-mechanic better known publicly as a motorcycle racer and a television personality.", "Guy Martin __knowledge__ Martin started racing in 1998, debuting on road circuits at the Isle of Man TT events in 2004, where he gained 15 podium finishes.", "Guy Martin __knowledge__ He has broken his back twice in racing accidents, in the 2010 TT and the 2015 Ulster Grand Prix.", "Guy Martin __knowledge__ Following the Ulster Grand Prix accident, Martin stated that he had retired from motorcycle racing although he never disclosed the decision publicly.", "Guy Martin __knowledge__ However following numerous approaches by Honda Racing team manager Neil Tuxworth, Martin confirmed in January 2017 that he had signed for Lincolnshire-based Honda Racing as partner to 23-times TT winner John McGuinness for the North West 200, Isle of Man TT and Southern 100 races.", "Khairy Beshara __knowledge__ Khairy Beshara (  ; born June 30, 1947 in Tanta, Egypt) is an Egyptian film director active in the Egyptian film industry since the 1970s.", "Khairy Beshara __knowledge__ He is considered one of the Egyptian directors who re-defined Realism in Egyptian cinema in the 1980s.", "Khairy Beshara __knowledge__ In a recent book published by Bibliotheca Alexandrina in 2007 about the most important 100 films in the history of Egyptian cinema, three of his movies were listed.", "Khairy Beshara __knowledge__ Namely; The Collar and the Bracelet, Bitter Day, Sweet Day, and Ice Cream in Gleem.", "Khairy Beshara __knowledge__ Beshara completed his high school in Cairo then joined the Egyptian Higher Institute of Cinema where he graduated in 1967." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Factory __knowledge__ A factory (previously manufactory) or manufacturing plant is an industrial site, usually consisting of buildings and machinery, or more commonly a complex having several buildings, where workers manufacture goods or operate machines processing one product into another.", "Factory __knowledge__ Factories arose with the introduction of machinery during the Industrial Revolution when the capital and space requirements became too great for cottage industry or workshops.", "Factory __knowledge__ Early factories that contained small amounts of machinery, such as one or two spinning mules, and fewer than a dozen workers have been called \"glorified workshops\".", "Factory __knowledge__ Most modern factories have large warehouses or warehouse-like facilities that contain heavy equipment used for assembly line production.", "Factory __knowledge__ Large factories tend to be located with access to multiple modes of transportation, with some having rail, highway and water loading and unloading facilities.", "Factory __knowledge__ Factories may either make discrete products or some type of material continuously produced such as chemicals, pulp and paper, or refined oil products.", "Factory __knowledge__ Factories manufacturing chemicals are often called \"plants\" and may have most of their equipment – tanks, pressure vessels, chemical reactors, pumps and piping – outdoors and operated from control rooms.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters in Laurell K. Hamilton's \"\" series of novels.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The title character, Anita Blake starts as a human with the power of necromancy.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She joins the organization Animators, Inc. as an animator: a person who raises zombies) and a vampire executioner.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ In later volumes, she acquires some powers that are commonly associated with vampires.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She contracts the lycanthropy viruses which makes her associate with were-creatures.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She also grows powers as a succubus.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ Bert is the founder and managing partner of Animators, Inc. Over 6 feet tall and built like a former athlete, Bert is an unscrupulous boss who is inclined to sign the animators up for almost any job if the price is right.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Friday the 13th is an American horror franchise that consists of twelve slasher films, a television show, novels, and comic books.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ The main villain in the series is Jason Voorhees, who drowned at Camp Crystal Lake as a boy due to the negligence of the teenage counselors.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Decades later, the lake is rumored to be \"cursed\" and is the setting for a series of mass murders.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Jason is featured in all of the films, either as the killer or as the motivation for the killings.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Each entry in the series features a different cast of characters, including a final girl who defeats the killer in the end.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Recurring characters in the series include Jason's vengeful mother Pamela Voorhees, Alice Hardy, Tommy Jarvis and Crazy Ralph.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Having reformed from his violent ways, Bigby (a.k.a.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ the Big Bad Wolf) became the cigarette-smoking, trench coat-clad sheriff of Fabletown.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is extremely cunning and resourceful, in addition to being an excellent detective.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Due to Snow White's possession of a lycanthropy-stained knife, he is now a werewolf and can change between wolf form, human form and an intermediate \"wolfman\" stage at will (in \"The Great Fables Crossover\", it is revealed that Bigby's nature as one of the North Wind's sons allows him to change forms at will).", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is the son of the North Wind, and, as such, has control over the lower-tier winds, plus the \"huff and puff\" of legend.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ This article is about the characters in Brian Jacques' fantasy series \"Redwall\".", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the Abbey Warriors from the books \"The Legend of Luke\" to \"Eulalia!\".", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Martin I is an anthropomorphic mouse, appearing in the \"Redwall\" series by Brian Jacques.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Known as \"Martin the Warrior\" throughout the Redwall series, Martin, a woodland mouse, is the son of Luke the Warrior and his mate Sayna.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Luke is the kindly leader of an idyllic tribe of mice.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Their settlement is sacked by a wicked stoat pirate named Vilu Daskar, and Sayna is killed.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Luke vows revenge against the corsair captain and sets out after him, refusing Martin's wishes to join him, but leaving his sword in his son's possession.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing processes in the period from about 1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ This transition included going from hand production methods to machines, new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes, the increasing use of steam power, the development of machine tools and the rise of the factory system.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ Textiles were the dominant industry of the Industrial Revolution in terms of employment, value of output and capital invested.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The textile industry was also the first to use modern production methods.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain, and many of the technological innovations were British.", "Economic history of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The economic history of the United Kingdom deals with the economic history of England and Great Britain from 1500 to the early 21st century.", "Economic history of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ (For earlier periods see Economy of England in the Middle Ages and Economic history of Scotland).", "Economic history of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ After becoming one of the most prosperous economic regions in Europe between 1600 and 1700, Britain led the industrial revolution and dominated the European and world economy during the 19th century.", "Economic history of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ It was the major innovator in machinery such as steam engines (for pumps, factories, railway locomotives and steamships), textile equipment, and tool-making.", "Economic history of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ It invented the railway system and built much of the equipment used by other nations.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The culture of the United Kingdom is influenced by the UK's history as a developed island country, a liberal democracy and a major power; its predominantly Christian religious life; and its composition of four countries—England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland—each of which has distinct customs, cultures and symbolism.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The wider culture of Europe has also influenced British culture, and Humanism, Protestantism and representative democracy developed from broader Western culture.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ British literature, music, cinema, art, theatre, comedy, media, television, philosophy, architecture and education are important aspects of British culture.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The economic history of the United States is about characteristics of and important developments in the U.S. economy from colonial times to the present.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The emphasis is on economic performance and how it was affected by new technologies, the change of size in economic sectors and the effects of legislation and government policy.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ Specialized business history is covered in American business history.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The colonial economy differed significantly from that of most other regions in that land and natural resources were abundant in America but labor was scarce.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ From 1700 to 1775 the output of the thirteen colonies increased 12 fold, giving the colonies an economy about 30% the size of Britain's at the time of independence.", "Productivity improving technologies __knowledge__ This article is about the important technologies that have historically increased productivity.", "Productivity improving technologies __knowledge__ Productivity in general is a ratio of output to input in the production of goods and services.", "Productivity improving technologies __knowledge__ Productivity is increased by lowering the amount of labor, capital, energy or materials that go into producing any given amount of economic goods and services.", "Productivity improving technologies __knowledge__ Increases in productivity are largely responsible for the increase in per capita living standards.", "Productivity improving technologies __knowledge__ Productivity improving technologies date back to antiquity, with rather slow progress until the late Middle Ages.", "Productivity improving technologies __knowledge__ Important examples of early to medieval European technology include the water wheel, the horse collar, the spinning wheel, the three-field system (after 1500 the four-field system—see Crop rotation) and the blast furnace.", "History of Western civilization __knowledge__ Western civilization traces its roots back to Western Europe and the Western Mediterranean.", "History of Western civilization __knowledge__ It is linked to the Roman Empire and with Medieval Western Christendom which emerged from the Middle Ages to experience such transformative episodes as the Renaissance, the Reformation, the Enlightenment, the Industrial Revolution, scientific revolution, and the development of liberal democracy.", "History of Western civilization __knowledge__ The civilizations of Classical Greece, Ancient Rome and Ancient Israel are considered seminal periods in Western history; a few cultural contributions also emerged from the pagan peoples of pre-Christian Europe, such as the Celts and Germans.", "Second Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The Second Industrial Revolution, also known as the Technological Revolution, was a phase of rapid industrialization in the final third of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th.", "Second Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The First Industrial Revolution, which ended in the early to mid 1800s, was punctuated by a slowdown in macroinventions before the Second Industrial Revolution in 1870.", "Second Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ Though a number of its characteristic events can be traced to earlier innovations in manufacturing, such as the establishment of a machine tool industry, the development of methods for manufacturing interchangeable parts and the invention of the Bessemer Process to produce steel, the Second Industrial Revolution is generally dated between 1870 and 1914 up to the start of World War I. Advancements in manufacturing and production technology enabled the widespread adoption of preexisting technological systems such as telegraph and railroad networks, gas and water supply, and sewage systems, which had earlier been concentrated to a few select cities." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Factory __knowledge__ A factory (previously manufactory) or manufacturing plant is an industrial site, usually consisting of buildings and machinery, or more commonly a complex having several buildings, where workers manufacture goods or operate machines processing one product into another.", "Factory __knowledge__ Factories arose with the introduction of machinery during the Industrial Revolution when the capital and space requirements became too great for cottage industry or workshops.", "Factory __knowledge__ Early factories that contained small amounts of machinery, such as one or two spinning mules, and fewer than a dozen workers have been called \"glorified workshops\".", "Factory __knowledge__ Most modern factories have large warehouses or warehouse-like facilities that contain heavy equipment used for assembly line production.", "Factory __knowledge__ Large factories tend to be located with access to multiple modes of transportation, with some having rail, highway and water loading and unloading facilities.", "Factory __knowledge__ Factories may either make discrete products or some type of material continuously produced such as chemicals, pulp and paper, or refined oil products.", "Factory __knowledge__ Factories manufacturing chemicals are often called \"plants\" and may have most of their equipment – tanks, pressure vessels, chemical reactors, pumps and piping – outdoors and operated from control rooms.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (N–Z) __knowledge__ Through his adventures, Fawcett Comics/DC Comics superhero Captain Marvel and his Marvel Family gained a host of enemies, including the following: Only appearing in \"Captain Marvel Adventures\" #139.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (N–Z) __knowledge__ Niatpac Levram was the creation of the devilish Wizzo the Wizard!", "List of Marvel Family enemies (N–Z) __knowledge__ The wizard created Levram as a mirror duplicate of Captain Marvel by casting a spell and animating Cap's image from a mirror.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (N–Z) __knowledge__ Wizzo used Niatpac Levram to wreak havoc on Captain Marvel's city for the sole purpose of graduating from the School of Black Magicians!", "List of Marvel Family enemies (N–Z) __knowledge__ Cap was able to defeat Wizzo and send Nia back to the mirror universe!", "List of Marvel Family enemies (N–Z) __knowledge__ 1948, \"Mary Marvel\" #24.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The economic history of the United States is about characteristics of and important developments in the U.S. economy from colonial times to the present.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The emphasis is on economic performance and how it was affected by new technologies, the change of size in economic sectors and the effects of legislation and government policy.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ Specialized business history is covered in American business history.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The colonial economy differed significantly from that of most other regions in that land and natural resources were abundant in America but labor was scarce.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ From 1700 to 1775 the output of the thirteen colonies increased 12 fold, giving the colonies an economy about 30% the size of Britain's at the time of independence.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (H–M) __knowledge__ Through his adventures, Fawcett Comics/DC Comics superhero Captain Marvel and his Marvel Family gained a host of enemies, including the following: An agent who tells Mr Tawny he can make a great singer out of him.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (H–M) __knowledge__ Though his voice is terrible, people will want to see a singing tiger.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (H–M) __knowledge__ When Billy tells him not to be forced into something he does not want, and when Hooey tries to stop him he transforms and tries to throw him out.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (H–M) __knowledge__ But Hal flatters Tawny, making him sign the contract.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (H–M) __knowledge__ When Cap criticises him, Hal claims he is jealous.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (H–M) __knowledge__ A Gala party is arranged to celebrate this next day, but Hal drops the invitation to Captain Marvel into the bin as he wants their friendship to break up.", "Avengers vs. X-Men __knowledge__ \"Avengers vs. X-Men\" (abbreviated \"AvX'\" and \"AvsX\") is a 2012 crossover event that was featured in comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Avengers vs. X-Men __knowledge__ The event, consisting of an eponymous limited series and numerous tie-in books, involves the return of the Phoenix Force and the subsequent war between the Avengers and the X-Men.", "Avengers vs. X-Men __knowledge__ The 12-issue twice-monthly series was first published in April 2012, and features a storyline by Jason Aaron, Brian Michael Bendis, Ed Brubaker, Jonathan Hickman and Matt Fraction, with a rotating team of artists including John Romita, Jr., Olivier Coipel and Adam Kubert.", "Avengers vs. X-Men __knowledge__ The event was preceded by the four-issue limited series \"Avengers: X-Sanction\" by Jeph Loeb and Ed McGuinness and \"Avengers vs. X-Men #0\".", "Utah-Idaho Sugar Company __knowledge__ The Utah-Idaho Sugar Company was a large sugar beet processing company based in Utah.", "Utah-Idaho Sugar Company __knowledge__ It was owned and controlled by the Utah-based Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) and its leaders.", "Utah-Idaho Sugar Company __knowledge__ It was notable for developing a valuable cash crop and processing facilities that was important to the economy of Utah and surrounding states.", "Utah-Idaho Sugar Company __knowledge__ It was part of the Sugar Trust, and subject to antitrust investigations by the U.S. Department of Justice, the Federal Trade Commission, and the Hardwick Committee.", "Utah-Idaho Sugar Company __knowledge__ Since sugar was primarily an imported product in the late 19th century, from areas that cultivate sugar cane and sugar beets, there was support in the United States to produce it internally and prevent the more than $500 million annually that was paid out for imports.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing processes in the period from about 1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ This transition included going from hand production methods to machines, new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes, the increasing use of steam power, the development of machine tools and the rise of the factory system.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ Textiles were the dominant industry of the Industrial Revolution in terms of employment, value of output and capital invested.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The textile industry was also the first to use modern production methods.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain, and many of the technological innovations were British.", "History of labour law __knowledge__ The history of labour law concerns the development of labour law as a way of regulating and improving the life of people at work.", "History of labour law __knowledge__ In the civilisations of antiquity, the use of slave labour was widespread.", "History of labour law __knowledge__ Some of the maladies associated with unregulated labour were identified by Pliny as \" diseases of slaves.\"", "History of labour law __knowledge__ As England was the first country to industrialise, it was also the first to face the often appalling consequences of capitalist exploitation in a totally unregulated and laissez-faire economic framework.", "History of labour law __knowledge__ Over the course of the late 18th and early to mid-19th century the foundation for modern labour law was slowly laid, as some of the more egregious aspects of working conditions were steadily ameliorated through legislation.", "Factory and Workshop Act 1895 __knowledge__ The Factory and Workshop Act 1895 was a UK Act of Parliament intended to regulate the conditions, safety, health and wages of people working in factories.", "Factory and Workshop Act 1895 __knowledge__ It gives an example of the serious problems in UK labour law at the beginning of the 20th century.", "Factory and Workshop Act 1895 __knowledge__ The workplaces to which the act applies are, first, \" factories \" and \" workshops \"; secondly, laundries, docks, wharves, &c., enumerated above as introduced and regulated partially only by the act of 1895 and subsequent acts.", "Factory and Workshop Act 1895 __knowledge__ Apart from this secondary list, and having regard to workplaces which remain undefined by the law, the act may broadly be said to apply to premises, rooms or places in which manual labour, with or without the aid of mechanical power, is exercised for gain in or incidental to the making, altering, repairing, ornamenting, washing, cleaning or finishing or adapting for sale of any article or part of any article.", "Cotton mill __knowledge__ A cotton mill is a factory housing powered spinning or weaving machinery for the production of yarn or cloth from cotton, an important product during the Industrial Revolution when the early mills were important in the development of the factory system.", "Cotton mill __knowledge__ Although some were driven by animal power, most early mills were built in rural locations near to fast-flowing rivers and streams and had water wheels to power them.", "Cotton mill __knowledge__ The development of viable rotative steam engines by Boulton and Watt led from 1781 to the growth of larger, steam-powered mills and allowed them to be concentrated in urban mill towns, most notably Manchester, which with neighbouring Salford had more than 50 mills by 1802.", "Productivity improving technologies __knowledge__ This article is about the important technologies that have historically increased productivity.", "Productivity improving technologies __knowledge__ Productivity in general is a ratio of output to input in the production of goods and services.", "Productivity improving technologies __knowledge__ Productivity is increased by lowering the amount of labor, capital, energy or materials that go into producing any given amount of economic goods and services.", "Productivity improving technologies __knowledge__ Increases in productivity are largely responsible for the increase in per capita living standards.", "Productivity improving technologies __knowledge__ Productivity improving technologies date back to antiquity, with rather slow progress until the late Middle Ages.", "Productivity improving technologies __knowledge__ Important examples of early to medieval European technology include the water wheel, the horse collar, the spinning wheel, the three-field system (after 1500 the four-field system—see Crop rotation) and the blast furnace." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Factory __knowledge__ A factory (previously manufactory) or manufacturing plant is an industrial site, usually consisting of buildings and machinery, or more commonly a complex having several buildings, where workers manufacture goods or operate machines processing one product into another.", "Factory __knowledge__ Factories arose with the introduction of machinery during the Industrial Revolution when the capital and space requirements became too great for cottage industry or workshops.", "Factory __knowledge__ Early factories that contained small amounts of machinery, such as one or two spinning mules, and fewer than a dozen workers have been called \"glorified workshops\".", "Factory __knowledge__ Most modern factories have large warehouses or warehouse-like facilities that contain heavy equipment used for assembly line production.", "Factory __knowledge__ Large factories tend to be located with access to multiple modes of transportation, with some having rail, highway and water loading and unloading facilities.", "Factory __knowledge__ Factories may either make discrete products or some type of material continuously produced such as chemicals, pulp and paper, or refined oil products.", "Factory __knowledge__ Factories manufacturing chemicals are often called \"plants\" and may have most of their equipment – tanks, pressure vessels, chemical reactors, pumps and piping – outdoors and operated from control rooms.", "Assembly line __knowledge__ An assembly line is a manufacturing process (most of the time called a \"progressive assembly\") in which parts (usually interchangeable parts) are added as the semi-finished assembly moves from workstation to workstation where the parts are added in sequence until the final assembly is produced.", "Assembly line __knowledge__ By mechanically moving the parts to the assembly work and moving the semi-finished assembly from work station to work station, a finished product can be assembled faster and with less labor than by having workers carry parts to a stationary piece for assembly.", "Assembly line __knowledge__ Assembly lines are common methods of assembling complex items such as automobiles and other transportation equipment, household appliances and electronic goods.", "Automotive industry in Malaysia __knowledge__ The automotive industry in Malaysia consists of 27 vehicle producers and over 640 component manufacturers.", "Automotive industry in Malaysia __knowledge__ The Malaysian automotive industry is the third largest in Southeast Asia, and the 23rd largest in the world, with an annual production output of over 500,000 vehicles.", "Automotive industry in Malaysia __knowledge__ The automotive industry contributes 4% or RM 40 billion to Malaysia's GDP, and employs a workforce of over 700,000 throughout a nationwide ecosystem.", "Automotive industry in Malaysia __knowledge__ The automotive industry in Malaysia traces its origins back to the British Malayan colonial era.", "Automotive industry in Malaysia __knowledge__ Ford Malaya became the first automobile assembly plant in Southeast Asia upon its establishment in Singapore in 1926.", "Car __knowledge__ A car (or automobile) is a wheeled motor vehicle used for transportation.", "Car __knowledge__ Most definitions of \"car\" say they run primarily on roads, seat one to eight people, have four tires, and mainly transport people rather than goods.", "Car __knowledge__ Cars came into global use during the 20th century, and developed economies depend on them.", "Car __knowledge__ The year 1886 is regarded as the birth year of the modern car, when German inventor Karl Benz built his Benz Patent-Motorwagen.", "Car __knowledge__ Cars did not become widely available until the early 20th century.", "Car __knowledge__ One of the first cars that was accessible to the masses was the 1908 Model T, an American car manufactured by the Ford Motor Company.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ This article provides an overview of the automotive industry in countries around the world.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ The United States was the world's largest automobile producer by volume from the early years of the 20th century until the 1980s, when it was overtaken by Japan.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ In 2009, China became the world's largest vehicle producer.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ Algeria's automotive industry is among the largest on the African continent (together with South Africa, Egypt and Morocco) and can exceed 500,000 units a year.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ Renault is the largest manufacturer with an estimated 25.5 percent of the national car market.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ Other carmakers represented there include Volkswagen (second largest), Peugeot, Hyundai (fifth largest), Nissan, and Fiat.", "Henry Ford __knowledge__ Henry Ford (July 30, 1863 – April 7, 1947) was an American captain of industry and a business magnate, the founder of the Ford Motor Company, and the sponsor of the development of the assembly line technique of mass production.", "Henry Ford __knowledge__ Although Ford did not invent the automobile or the assembly line, he developed and manufactured the first automobile that many middle-class Americans could afford.", "Henry Ford __knowledge__ In doing so, Ford converted the automobile from an expensive curiosity into a practical conveyance that would profoundly impact the landscape of the 20th century.", "Henry Ford __knowledge__ His introduction of the Model T automobile revolutionized transportation and American industry.", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945) __knowledge__ The Blockade of Germany (1939–1945), also known as the Economic War, was carried out during World War II by the United Kingdom and France in order to restrict the supplies of minerals, metals, food and textiles needed by Nazi Germany - and later Fascist Italy - in order to sustain their war efforts.", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945) __knowledge__ The economic war consisted mainly of a naval blockade which formed part of the wider Battle of the Atlantic, and included the preclusive buying of war materials from neutral countries to prevent their sale to the enemy.", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945) __knowledge__ There were four distinct phases of the blockade.", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945) __knowledge__ The first period was from the beginning of European hostilities in September 1939 to the end of the \"Phoney War,\" during which the Allies and Axis Powers both intercepted neutral merchant ships to seize deliveries en route to the enemy.", "Operations management __knowledge__ Operations management is an area of management concerned with designing and controlling the process of production and redesigning business operations in the production of goods or services.", "Operations management __knowledge__ It involves the responsibility of ensuring that business operations are efficient in terms of using as few resources as needed and effective in terms of meeting customer requirements.", "Operations management __knowledge__ It is concerned with managing an entire production system which is the process that converts inputs (in the forms of raw materials, labor, and energy) into outputs (in the form of goods and/or services), as an asset or delivers a product or services.", "Environmental racism in Europe __knowledge__ Environmental racism in Europe has been documented in relation to racialized immigrant and migrant populations alongside Romani (Roma/Gypsy), Yenish, Irish Traveller, and communities (such as the Sami, Komi, and Nenets) from within continental borders.", "Environmental racism in Europe __knowledge__ Environmental racism is the practice of environmental injustice within a racialized context, in which socially marginalized communities and minority groups are subjected to disproportionate exposure of environmental hazards, denial of access to sources of ecological sustenance such as clean air, water, and natural resources, or infringement of environmentally related human rights.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The economic history of the United States is about characteristics of and important developments in the U.S. economy from colonial times to the present.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The emphasis is on economic performance and how it was affected by new technologies, the change of size in economic sectors and the effects of legislation and government policy.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ Specialized business history is covered in American business history.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The colonial economy differed significantly from that of most other regions in that land and natural resources were abundant in America but labor was scarce.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ From 1700 to 1775 the output of the thirteen colonies increased 12 fold, giving the colonies an economy about 30% the size of Britain's at the time of independence.", "Elevator __knowledge__ An elevator (US and Canada) or lift (UK, Australia, Ireland, New Zealand, and South Africa, Nigeria ) is a type of vertical transportation that moves people or goods between floors (levels, decks) of a building, vessel, or other structure.", "Elevator __knowledge__ Elevators/lifts are generally powered by electric motors that either drive traction cables and counterweight systems like a hoist, or pump hydraulic fluid to raise a cylindrical piston like a jack.", "Elevator __knowledge__ In agriculture and manufacturing, an elevator/lift is any type of conveyor device used to lift materials in a continuous stream into bins or silos.", "Elevator __knowledge__ Several types exist, such as the chain and bucket elevator, grain auger screw conveyor using the principle of Archimedes' screw, or the chain and paddles or forks of hay elevators.", "German Radio Intelligence Operations during World War II __knowledge__ German Radio Intelligence Operation during World War II were signals intelligence operations that were undertaken by German Axis forces in Europe during World War II.", "German Radio Intelligence Operations during World War II __knowledge__ In keeping with German signals practice since 1942, the term \"communication intelligence\" () had been used when intercept units were assigned to observe both enemy \"radio and wire\" communication.", "German Radio Intelligence Operations during World War II __knowledge__ When the observation of only enemy \"radio\" communication was undertaken, the term \"radio intelligence\" ().", "German Radio Intelligence Operations during World War II __knowledge__ The term \"intercept service\" () was also used up until 1942.", "German Radio Intelligence Operations during World War II __knowledge__ Towards the end of World War II, about 12,000 troopers of the German Army were engaged in intercepting the radio traffic of an increasingly powerful adversary.", "Productivity improving technologies __knowledge__ This article is about the important technologies that have historically increased productivity.", "Productivity improving technologies __knowledge__ Productivity in general is a ratio of output to input in the production of goods and services.", "Productivity improving technologies __knowledge__ Productivity is increased by lowering the amount of labor, capital, energy or materials that go into producing any given amount of economic goods and services.", "Productivity improving technologies __knowledge__ Increases in productivity are largely responsible for the increase in per capita living standards.", "Productivity improving technologies __knowledge__ Productivity improving technologies date back to antiquity, with rather slow progress until the late Middle Ages.", "Productivity improving technologies __knowledge__ Important examples of early to medieval European technology include the water wheel, the horse collar, the spinning wheel, the three-field system (after 1500 the four-field system—see Crop rotation) and the blast furnace." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Factory __knowledge__ A factory (previously manufactory) or manufacturing plant is an industrial site, usually consisting of buildings and machinery, or more commonly a complex having several buildings, where workers manufacture goods or operate machines processing one product into another.", "Factory __knowledge__ Factories arose with the introduction of machinery during the Industrial Revolution when the capital and space requirements became too great for cottage industry or workshops.", "Factory __knowledge__ Early factories that contained small amounts of machinery, such as one or two spinning mules, and fewer than a dozen workers have been called \"glorified workshops\".", "Factory __knowledge__ Most modern factories have large warehouses or warehouse-like facilities that contain heavy equipment used for assembly line production.", "Factory __knowledge__ Large factories tend to be located with access to multiple modes of transportation, with some having rail, highway and water loading and unloading facilities.", "Factory __knowledge__ Factories may either make discrete products or some type of material continuously produced such as chemicals, pulp and paper, or refined oil products.", "Factory __knowledge__ Factories manufacturing chemicals are often called \"plants\" and may have most of their equipment – tanks, pressure vessels, chemical reactors, pumps and piping – outdoors and operated from control rooms.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the characters that have appeared on \"90210\", an American teen drama.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The series introduces Annie Wilson (Shenae Grimes) and her adopted brother Dixon (Tristan Wilds), who move from Kansas to Beverly Hills with their father Harry (Rob Estes) and mother Debbie (Lori Loughlin).", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The family relocated in order to care for Harry's mother Tabitha (Jessica Walter).", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The first actor to be cast for the TV series was Dustin Milligan on April 1, 2008, followed by AnnaLynne McCord on April 14.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ Sachs found Milligan to be \"really funny\", and changed Ethan to better represent his personality.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ McCord was cast because, according to Sachs, \"she's someone who is worldly, and there's a sophistication to her that's interesting.\"", "Jack Reacher __knowledge__ Jack Reacher is a fictional character and the protagonist of a series of books by British author Lee Child.", "Jack Reacher __knowledge__ After leaving the US Army as a major in its military police at age 36, Reacher roams the United States taking odd jobs and investigating suspicious and frequently dangerous situations.", "Jack Reacher __knowledge__ , 22 novels have been published, the most recent being \"The Midnight Line\".", "Jack Reacher __knowledge__ Two of the novels have been adapted into successful films, starring Tom Cruise as Reacher.", "Jack Reacher __knowledge__ At the time Lee Child sat down to write his first novel \"Killing Floor\", he was unemployed, having been fired from his position as a presentation director for Granada Television.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ This is a list of episodes of the British television programme \"Sugar Rush\", broadcast by Channel 4 from 2005 to 2006.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ There have been 2 series of the programme, the first airing in 2005 and the second in 2006.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ Each series consists of ten episodes, each 30 minutes long, including adverts.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ Episodes do not have individual titles.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ The first series consists of ten episodes and follows a 15-year-old Kim's unrequited crush on Sugar.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ The first episode starts with Kim and Sugar on the waltzers on Brighton Pier.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ Slowly, Sugar moves in to kiss Kim.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ The scene then suddenly moves to Kim in bed, under a duvet with her eyes closed, and the sound of whirring.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "The Power of Five __knowledge__ The Power of Five (also known as The Gatekeepers in the US) is a series of five fantasy and suspense novels, written by English author Anthony Horowitz and published between 2005 and 2012.", "The Power of Five __knowledge__ It is an updated re-imagining of Horowitz's \"Pentagram\" series, which the author had left unfinished in the 1980s.", "The Power of Five __knowledge__ The series is published in the United Kingdom by Walker Books Ltd and in the United States by Scholastic Press.", "The Power of Five __knowledge__ The novels deal heavily in the occult and examples of things such as human sacrifice and blood rituals are major plot elements, such as in the first book, where Matthew Freeman is hunted by a Cult who want to conduct a blood sacrifice on him to blast open a portal using a combination of nuclear physics and black magic, to unlock another dimension which is holding a group of ancient evil demons captive.", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945) __knowledge__ The Blockade of Germany (1939–1945), also known as the Economic War, was carried out during World War II by the United Kingdom and France in order to restrict the supplies of minerals, metals, food and textiles needed by Nazi Germany - and later Fascist Italy - in order to sustain their war efforts.", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945) __knowledge__ The economic war consisted mainly of a naval blockade which formed part of the wider Battle of the Atlantic, and included the preclusive buying of war materials from neutral countries to prevent their sale to the enemy.", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945) __knowledge__ There were four distinct phases of the blockade.", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945) __knowledge__ The first period was from the beginning of European hostilities in September 1939 to the end of the \"Phoney War,\" during which the Allies and Axis Powers both intercepted neutral merchant ships to seize deliveries en route to the enemy.", "Energy in Ethiopia __knowledge__ Energy in Ethiopia is energy and electricity production, consumption, transport, exportation and importation in Ethiopia.", "Energy in Ethiopia __knowledge__ The following table provides some of the most relevant energy sector numbers for Ethiopia, a developing country.", "Energy in Ethiopia __knowledge__ The \"primary energy sector\" is by far the most important one in Ethiopia, with mainly wood used for cooking.", "Energy in Ethiopia __knowledge__ That together with the population growth in Ethiopia results in issues like deforestation.", "Energy in Ethiopia __knowledge__ Ethiopia aims at economic development and removal of poverty and to replace the use of wood by alternatives.", "Energy in Ethiopia __knowledge__ This makes the \"secondary energy sector\" (with \"electricity\") most relevant for these efforts.", "Productivity improving technologies __knowledge__ This article is about the important technologies that have historically increased productivity.", "Productivity improving technologies __knowledge__ Productivity in general is a ratio of output to input in the production of goods and services.", "Productivity improving technologies __knowledge__ Productivity is increased by lowering the amount of labor, capital, energy or materials that go into producing any given amount of economic goods and services.", "Productivity improving technologies __knowledge__ Increases in productivity are largely responsible for the increase in per capita living standards.", "Productivity improving technologies __knowledge__ Productivity improving technologies date back to antiquity, with rather slow progress until the late Middle Ages.", "Productivity improving technologies __knowledge__ Important examples of early to medieval European technology include the water wheel, the horse collar, the spinning wheel, the three-field system (after 1500 the four-field system—see Crop rotation) and the blast furnace.", "Oil refinery __knowledge__ Oil refinery or petroleum refinery is an industrial process plant where crude oil is transformed and refined into more useful products such as petroleum naphtha, gasoline, diesel fuel, asphalt base, heating oil, kerosene, liquefied petroleum gas, jet fuel and fuel oils.", "Oil refinery __knowledge__ Oil refineries are typically large, sprawling industrial complexes with extensive piping running throughout, carrying streams of fluids between large chemical processing units, such as distillation columns.", "Oil refinery __knowledge__ In many ways, oil refineries use much of the technology of, and can be thought of, as types of chemical plants.", "Oil refinery __knowledge__ The crude oil feedstock has typically been processed by an oil production plant.", "Technological and industrial history of 20th-century Canada __knowledge__ The technological and industrial history of Canada encompasses the country's development in the areas of transportation, communication, energy, materials, public works, public services (health care), domestic/consumer and defence technologies.", "Technological and industrial history of 20th-century Canada __knowledge__ The terms chosen for the \"age\" described below are both literal and metaphorical.", "Technological and industrial history of 20th-century Canada __knowledge__ They describe the technology that dominated the period of time in question but are also representative of a large number of other technologies introduced during the same period.", "Technological and industrial history of 20th-century Canada __knowledge__ Also of note is the fact that the period of diffusion of a technology can begin modestly and can extend well beyond the \"age\" of its introduction.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The Netherlands had a considerable part in the making of modern society.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The Netherlands and its people have made numerous seminal contributions to the world's civilization, especially in art, science, technology and engineering, economics and finance, cartography and geography, exploration and navigation, law and jurisprudence, thought and philosophy, medicine, and agriculture.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ Dutch-speaking people, in spite of their relatively small number, have a significant history of invention, innovation, discovery and exploration.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The following list is composed of objects, (largely) unknown lands, breakthrough ideas/concepts, principles, phenomena, processes, methods, techniques, styles etc., that were discovered or invented (or pioneered) by people from the Netherlands and Dutch-speaking people from the former Southern Netherlands (\"Zuid-Nederlanders\" in Dutch)." ] ]

[ 2, 3, 4, 6, 7 ]

[ "That does sound like a hard job.. but at least you can't take interest in the face that you're doing something that's been done for years, since the industrial revolution!", "Well... children used to have to work in factories, so I suppose it could be worse! More dangerous, too. Less safety codes. Earlier factories had small amounts of machinery, one or two spinning \"mules,\" and were smaller and called glorified workshops.", "It's possible they are dangerous. Most modern factories have large warehouses or warehouse-like facilities, and they usually have heavy equipment for assembly line production. So, you have to make sure you keep track of safety codes and be aware of surroundings.", "Some factories also work with making discrete products/some type of material that is continuously produced with things like chemical, pulp/paper, or refined oil, so you have to be aware of the materials you're working with in order to not get sick from them.", "that's good to hear. A lot of the things I mentioned earlier, specifically regarding making/working with chemicals.. those are usually called plants. If you ever work with one of those, they usually involve tanks, pressure vessels, chemical reactors, pumps, piping... they're controlled from control rooms, and those are usually outside. So, you have to be aware of what you're doing at all times to make sure you don't cause disasters or put others in harm, or destroy product." ]

[ "Factory", "Factory", "Factory", "Factory", "Factory" ]

[ "Automotive industry\nmy dad works in the automotive industry and he wants to retire in a view years", "my dad works at GM plant ", "they hit a rough spot a few years ago and almost went bankrupt but the government saved them", "that many? so they have been selling more and more cars over the past few years then", "I think that is whey he wants to stay with GM and not retire, he will be missing all of the overtime hours" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ The automotive industry is a wide range of companies and organizations involved in the design, development, manufacturing, marketing, and selling of motor vehicles, some of them are called automakers.", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ It is one of the world's most important economic sectors by revenue.", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ The automotive industry does not include industries dedicated to the maintenance of automobiles following delivery to the end-user, such as automobile repair shops and motor fuel filling stations.", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ The term \"automotive\" was created from Greek \"autos\" (self), and Latin \"motivus\" (of motion) to represent any form of self-powered vehicle.", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ This term was proposed by Elmer Sperry.", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ The automotive industry began in the 1890s with hundreds of manufacturers that pioneered the horseless carriage.", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ For many decades, the United States led the world in total automobile production.", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ In 1929, before the Great Depression, the world had 32,028,500 automobiles in use, and the U.S. automobile industry produced over 90% of them.", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ At that time the U.S. had one car per 4.87 persons.", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ After World War II, the U.S. produced about 75 percent of world's auto production.", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ In 1980, the U.S. was overtaken by Japan and then became world's leader again in 1994.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ This article provides an overview of the automotive industry in countries around the world.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ The United States was the world's largest automobile producer by volume from the early years of the 20th century until the 1980s, when it was overtaken by Japan.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ In 2009, China became the world's largest vehicle producer.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ Algeria's automotive industry is among the largest on the African continent (together with South Africa, Egypt and Morocco) and can exceed 500,000 units a year.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ Renault is the largest manufacturer with an estimated 25.5 percent of the national car market.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ Other carmakers represented there include Volkswagen (second largest), Peugeot, Hyundai (fifth largest), Nissan, and Fiat.", "Automotive industry in Malaysia __knowledge__ The automotive industry in Malaysia consists of 27 vehicle producers and over 640 component manufacturers.", "Automotive industry in Malaysia __knowledge__ The Malaysian automotive industry is the third largest in Southeast Asia, and the 23rd largest in the world, with an annual production output of over 500,000 vehicles.", "Automotive industry in Malaysia __knowledge__ The automotive industry contributes 4% or RM 40 billion to Malaysia's GDP, and employs a workforce of over 700,000 throughout a nationwide ecosystem.", "Automotive industry in Malaysia __knowledge__ The automotive industry in Malaysia traces its origins back to the British Malayan colonial era.", "Automotive industry in Malaysia __knowledge__ Ford Malaya became the first automobile assembly plant in Southeast Asia upon its establishment in Singapore in 1926.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that were introduced in CBBC's \"The Dumping Ground\".", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ The series is based on The Story of Tracy Beaker by Jacqueline Wilson.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ It has aired since 2013 and is currently airing the fifth series.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ The series follows \"The Story of Tracy Beaker\" that ran for five series from 2002 to 2005, and \"Tracy Beaker Returns\" that ran for three series from 2010 to 2012.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ Connor Byrne has played the role of Mike Milligan for all three programmes.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ Faith Davis is a resident of Elm Tree House and Ashdene Ridge during the first two series of \"The Dumping Ground\".", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ She is portrayed by Leanne Dunstan.", "Automotive Industry Action Group __knowledge__ The Automotive Industry Action Group (AIAG) is a not-for profit association founded in 1982 and based in Southfield, Michigan.", "Automotive Industry Action Group __knowledge__ It was originally created to develop recommendations and a framework for the improvement of quality in the North American automotive industry.", "Automotive Industry Action Group __knowledge__ The association's areas of interest have expanded to include product quality standards, bar code and RFID standards, materials management, EDI, returnable containers and packaging systems, and regulatory and customs issues.", "Automotive Industry Action Group __knowledge__ The organization was founded by representatives of the three largest North American automotive manufacturers: Ford, General Motors and Chrysler.", "List of The Fairly OddParents characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters in the Nickelodeon animated television series \"The Fairly OddParents\".", "List of The Fairly OddParents characters __knowledge__ Voiced by: Portrayed by: Timothy \"Timmy\" Tiberius Turner was given fairy godparents to grant his every wish.", "List of The Fairly OddParents characters __knowledge__ Their names are Cosmo and Wanda.", "List of The Fairly OddParents characters __knowledge__ His wishes often have unpredictable and problematic side effects, and are often reverted upon Timmy's request by the end of the episode.", "List of The Fairly OddParents characters __knowledge__ His interests include comic books (particularly those centered around his favorite superhero, the Crimson Chin), video games, cartoons,and sports.", "List of The Fairly OddParents characters __knowledge__ Timmy's middle name is Tiberius, as revealed in \"Manic Mom Day\".", "List of The Fairly OddParents characters __knowledge__ During a time travel trip, Timmy accidentally arrives the day his parents moved into their house; unseen, he learns that they were expecting a girl, hence his pink hat.", "Automotive industry in China __knowledge__ The automotive industry in China has been the largest in the world measured by automobile unit production since 2008.", "Automotive industry in China __knowledge__ Since 2009, annual production of automobiles in China exceeds that of the European Union or that of the United States and Japan combined.", "Automotive industry in China __knowledge__ The traditional \"Big Four\" domestic car manufacturers are SAIC Motor, Dongfeng, FAW and Chang’an.", "Automotive industry in China __knowledge__ Other Chinese car manufacturers are Beijing Automotive Group, Brilliance Automotive, BYD, Chery, Geely, Jianghuai (JAC), Great Wall, and Guangzhou Automobile Group.", "Automotive industry in China __knowledge__ In addition, several multinational manufacturers have partnerships with domestic manufacturers.", "Automotive industry in South Africa __knowledge__ South Africa is traditionally the leader in Africa of the automotive industry and now produces more than half a million automobiles annually of all types.", "Automotive industry in South Africa __knowledge__ While domestic development of trucks and military vehicles exists, cars built under license of foreign brands are the mainstay.", "Automotive industry in South Africa __knowledge__ The modern automotive industry in South Africa was launched in 1995 and has since provided a large amount of exports.", "Automotive industry in South Africa __knowledge__ It has motivated global motor vehicle manufacturers to grant production contracts to South African factories.", "Automotive industry in South Africa __knowledge__ South African factories have built motor vehicles and light truck models since the 1920s.", "Automotive industry in South Africa __knowledge__ In this time, the country's main global customers have been: These manufacturers have historically been concentrated in the provinces of the Eastern Cape, Gauteng and KwaZulu-Natal." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ The automotive industry is a wide range of companies and organizations involved in the design, development, manufacturing, marketing, and selling of motor vehicles, some of them are called automakers.", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ It is one of the world's most important economic sectors by revenue.", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ The automotive industry does not include industries dedicated to the maintenance of automobiles following delivery to the end-user, such as automobile repair shops and motor fuel filling stations.", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ The term \"automotive\" was created from Greek \"autos\" (self), and Latin \"motivus\" (of motion) to represent any form of self-powered vehicle.", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ This term was proposed by Elmer Sperry.", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ The automotive industry began in the 1890s with hundreds of manufacturers that pioneered the horseless carriage.", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ For many decades, the United States led the world in total automobile production.", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ In 1929, before the Great Depression, the world had 32,028,500 automobiles in use, and the U.S. automobile industry produced over 90% of them.", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ At that time the U.S. had one car per 4.87 persons.", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ After World War II, the U.S. produced about 75 percent of world's auto production.", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ In 1980, the U.S. was overtaken by Japan and then became world's leader again in 1994.", "Janesville Assembly Plant __knowledge__ Janesville Assembly Plant is a former automobile factory owned by General Motors located in Janesville, Wisconsin.", "Janesville Assembly Plant __knowledge__ Opened in 1919, it was the oldest operating GM plant when it was largely idled in December 2008, and ceased all remaining production on April 23, 2009.", "Janesville Assembly Plant __knowledge__ The plant covers 4,800,000 square feet (446,000 m³).", "Janesville Assembly Plant __knowledge__ It employed around 7,000 workers at its peak in 1970, but was down to about 1,200 when it ceased production of GM vehicles in December 2008.", "Janesville Assembly Plant __knowledge__ In 1918, the Samson Tractor division of General Motors was formed from the merger of Samson Tractor of California and the Janesville Machine Company, a farm implement manufacturer.", "General Motors __knowledge__ General Motors Company, commonly abbreviated as GM, is an American multinational corporation headquartered in Detroit that designs, manufactures, markets, and distributes vehicles and vehicle parts, and sells financial services.", "General Motors __knowledge__ With global headquarters in Detroit's Renaissance Center, GM manufactures cars and trucks in 35 countries.", "General Motors __knowledge__ In 2008, 8.35 million GM cars and trucks were sold globally under various brands.", "General Motors __knowledge__ GM reached the milestone of selling 10 million vehicles in 2016.", "General Motors __knowledge__ Current auto brands are Buick, Cadillac, Chevrolet, GMC, Holden, and Wuling.", "General Motors __knowledge__ Former GM automotive brands include Daewoo, McLaughlin, Oakland, Oldsmobile, Pontiac, Hummer, Saab, Saturn, as well as Vauxhall, and Opel, which were bought by Groupe PSA in 2017.", "Norwood, Ohio __knowledge__ Norwood is the second most populous city in Hamilton County, Ohio, United States, and an enclave of the larger city of Cincinnati.", "Norwood, Ohio __knowledge__ The population was 19,207 at the 2010 census.", "Norwood, Ohio __knowledge__ Originally settled as an early suburb of Cincinnati in the wooded countryside north of the city, the area is characterized by older homes and tree-lined streets.", "Norwood, Ohio __knowledge__ The earliest humans in the area now known as Norwood are believed to have been Pre-Columbian era people of the Adena culture.", "Norwood, Ohio __knowledge__ Norwood Mound, a prehistoric earthwork mound built by the Adena, is located in Norwood and listed on the National Register of Historic Places.", "Owen Bieber __knowledge__ Owen Frederick Bieber (; born December 28, 1929) is an American labor union activist.", "Owen Bieber __knowledge__ He was president of the United Auto Workers (UAW) from 1983 to 1995.", "Owen Bieber __knowledge__ Owen F. Bieber was born in December 1929 to Albert F. and Minnie (Schwartz) Bieber in the hamlet of North Dorr, Dorr Township, Allegan County, Michigan.", "Owen Bieber __knowledge__ His father was of German ethnicity and an autoworker at McInerney Spring and Wire Company (an automotive parts supplier) who had co-founded UAW Local 687.", "Owen Bieber __knowledge__ It was the first UAW local organized within the city limits of Grand Rapids, Michigan.", "Owen Bieber __knowledge__ The family were devout Roman Catholics, and Bieber attended Visitation Elementary School (a two-room school) and Catholic Central High School in nearby Grand Rapids.", "Opel __knowledge__ Opel Automobile GmbH (Opel, ) is a German automobile manufacturer, a subsidiary of the French automobile manufacturer Groupe PSA since 1 August 2017.", "Opel __knowledge__ From 1929 until 2017, Opel was owned by American automaker General Motors.", "Opel __knowledge__ In March 2017, Groupe PSA agreed to acquire Opel from General Motors.", "Opel __knowledge__ The acquisition was approved by the European Commission regulatory authorities in July 2017.", "Opel __knowledge__ Opel's headquarters are in Rüsselsheim am Main, Hesse, Germany.", "Opel __knowledge__ The company designs, engineers, manufactures and distributes Opel-branded passenger vehicles, light commercial vehicles, and vehicle parts for distribution in Africa, Asia, Europe, and South America.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that were introduced in CBBC's \"The Dumping Ground\".", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ The series is based on The Story of Tracy Beaker by Jacqueline Wilson.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ It has aired since 2013 and is currently airing the fifth series.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ The series follows \"The Story of Tracy Beaker\" that ran for five series from 2002 to 2005, and \"Tracy Beaker Returns\" that ran for three series from 2010 to 2012.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ Connor Byrne has played the role of Mike Milligan for all three programmes.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ Faith Davis is a resident of Elm Tree House and Ashdene Ridge during the first two series of \"The Dumping Ground\".", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ She is portrayed by Leanne Dunstan.", "Norwood Assembly __knowledge__ Located in Norwood, Ohio, the Norwood Assembly Plant built General Motors cars between the years of 1923 and 1987.", "Norwood Assembly __knowledge__ When it first opened, the plant employed 600 workers and was capable of producing 200 cars per day.", "Norwood Assembly __knowledge__ At its peak in the early 1970s it employed nearly 9,000.", "Norwood Assembly __knowledge__ The first car rolled off the assembly line on August 13, 1923, a Chevrolet Superior.", "Norwood Assembly __knowledge__ Among the cars built at Norwood were the Chevrolet Bel Air, Biscayne, Impala, Nova, Caprice, Camaro, Pontiac Firebird, and the Buick Apollo.", "Norwood Assembly __knowledge__ The plant grew to cover an area of approximately and had of space under roof.", "Norwood Assembly __knowledge__ The facility had a number of labor disputes, including a 174-day-long strike in 1972, at the time the longest strike in GM history.", "Beamish Museum __knowledge__ Beamish, the North of England Open Air Museum is an open-air museum located at Beamish, near the town of Stanley, County Durham, England.", "Beamish Museum __knowledge__ The museum's guiding principle is to preserve an example of everyday life in urban and rural North East England at the climax of industrialisation in the early 20th century.", "Beamish Museum __knowledge__ Much of the restoration and interpretation is specific to the late Victorian and Edwardian eras, together with portions of countryside under the influence of industrial revolution in 1825.", "Beamish Museum __knowledge__ On its estate it utilises a mixture of translocated, original and replica buildings; a huge collection of artifacts, working vehicles and equipment; as well as livestock and costumed interpreters.", "Wismut (mining company) __knowledge__ SAG/SDAG Wismut was a uranium mining company in East Germany during the time of the cold war.", "Wismut (mining company) __knowledge__ It produced a total of 230,400 tonnes of uranium between 1947 and 1990 and made East Germany the fourth largest producer of uranium ore in the world at the time.", "Wismut (mining company) __knowledge__ It was the largest single producer of uranium ore in the entire sphere of control of the USSR.", "Wismut (mining company) __knowledge__ In 1991 after German reunification it was transformed into the Wismut GmbH company, owned by the Federal Republic of Germany, which is now responsible for the restoration and environmental cleanup of the former mining and milling areas.", "Wismut (mining company) __knowledge__ The head office of SDAG Wismut / Wismut GmbH is in Chemnitz-Siegmar.", "Iron County MRA __knowledge__ The Iron County MRA is a Multiple Resource Area addition to the National Register of Historic Places, which includes 72 separate structures and historic districts within Iron County, Michigan, United States of America.", "Iron County MRA __knowledge__ These properties were identified and placed on the Register in 1983, with the exception of one property that was placed on the Register in 1993.", "Iron County MRA __knowledge__ Iron County, originally part of Marquette County, was first surveyed in 1851.", "Iron County MRA __knowledge__ At that time, the area was populated almost exclusively by Native Americans from the Menominee and Ojibwe tribes.", "Iron County MRA __knowledge__ Although the original 1851 survey of the county noted the presence of iron ore, European settlers began arriving in numbers in 1875, prospecting for iron ore.", "Wind at My Back __knowledge__ Wind at My Back is a television series which aired in Canada on CBC Television between 1996 and 2001.", "Wind at My Back __knowledge__ It was created and produced by Kevin Sullivan, best known for his adaptation of \"Anne of Green Gables\" and \"Road to Avonlea\".", "Wind at My Back __knowledge__ The series had five seasons, each with 13 episodes, and a Christmas-themed movie produced to wrap up loose ends, following the unexpected cancellation of the series.", "Wind at My Back __knowledge__ In the United States, \"Wind at My Back\" first aired on Encore WAM!", "Wind at My Back __knowledge__ and then on the Odyssey Network (which later became the Hallmark Channel).", "Wind at My Back __knowledge__ Its last airing on Hallmark was in 2001.", "Wind at My Back __knowledge__ At the beginning of 2010, the series was picked up by BYU Television as part of its Friday night lineup, and later expanded to weekdays to air at 11 am, 5 pm, and 6 am ET.", "Greenside Mine __knowledge__ Greenside Mine (sometimes referred to as \"Greenside Lead Mine\") was a successful lead mine in the Lake District of England.", "Greenside Mine __knowledge__ Between 1825 and 1961 the mine produced of lead and of silver, from around 2 million tons of ore. During the 1940s it was the largest producer of lead ore in the UK.", "Greenside Mine __knowledge__ Unusually for a 19th-century metalliferous mine in Britain there are very full records of its activities, dating back to 1825.", "Greenside Mine __knowledge__ The mine probably opened during the second half of the 1700s but had closed by 1819.", "Greenside Mine __knowledge__ In 1825 the Greenside Mining Company was formed and reopened the mine.", "Greenside Mine __knowledge__ They made good profits until 1880, when the price of lead fell.", "Coal companies of Australia __knowledge__ This is a list of some of the more notable coal companies of Australia.", "Coal companies of Australia __knowledge__ Callide mine is a leading Queensland domestic coal producer providing low sulphur, sub bituminous thermal coal primarily for domestic power generation.", "Coal companies of Australia __knowledge__ The coalfields cover an area of 180 square kilometres and contain seams up to 26 metres thick.", "Coal companies of Australia __knowledge__ Annual production: 7 million tonnes per annum (Mtpa) of sub-bituminous thermal coal;.", "Coal companies of Australia __knowledge__ At December 2014, estimates for ROM reserves are approximately 202 Mt of domestic and export thermal quality, with an additional 262 Mt of mineable in-situ resources outside the current mine layout.", "Walhalla, Victoria __knowledge__ Walhalla is a small town in Victoria, Australia, founded as a gold-mining community in late 1862 and at its peak home to around 4,000 residents.", "Walhalla, Victoria __knowledge__ Today, the town has a population of 20 permanent residents [2016 Census], though it has a large proportion of houses owned as holiday properties.", "Walhalla, Victoria __knowledge__ It attracts large numbers of tourists and is a major focus of the regional tourism industry.", "Walhalla, Victoria __knowledge__ The town's name is taken from an early gold mine in the area, named for the German hall of fame, the Walhalla temple (Valhalla from Norse legend).", "Walhalla, Victoria __knowledge__ Walhalla is located in South-East Australia, in the eastern Victorian region of Gippsland, about 180 kilometres from the state capital Melbourne." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ The automotive industry is a wide range of companies and organizations involved in the design, development, manufacturing, marketing, and selling of motor vehicles, some of them are called automakers.", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ It is one of the world's most important economic sectors by revenue.", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ The automotive industry does not include industries dedicated to the maintenance of automobiles following delivery to the end-user, such as automobile repair shops and motor fuel filling stations.", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ The term \"automotive\" was created from Greek \"autos\" (self), and Latin \"motivus\" (of motion) to represent any form of self-powered vehicle.", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ This term was proposed by Elmer Sperry.", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ The automotive industry began in the 1890s with hundreds of manufacturers that pioneered the horseless carriage.", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ For many decades, the United States led the world in total automobile production.", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ In 1929, before the Great Depression, the world had 32,028,500 automobiles in use, and the U.S. automobile industry produced over 90% of them.", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ At that time the U.S. had one car per 4.87 persons.", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ After World War II, the U.S. produced about 75 percent of world's auto production.", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ In 1980, the U.S. was overtaken by Japan and then became world's leader again in 1994.", "History of the New York City Subway __knowledge__ The New York City Subway is a rapid transit system that serves four of the five boroughs of New York City, New York: the Bronx, Brooklyn, Manhattan, and Queens.", "History of the New York City Subway __knowledge__ Its operator is the New York City Transit Authority (NYCTA), which is controlled by the Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) of New York.", "History of the New York City Subway __knowledge__ In 2016, an average of 5.66 million passengers used the system daily, making it the busiest rapid transit system in the United States and the seventh busiest in the world.", "History of the New York City Subway __knowledge__ The first underground line opened on October 27, 1904, almost 35 years after the opening of the first elevated line in New York City, which became the IRT Ninth Avenue Line.", "Human evolution __knowledge__ Human evolution is the evolutionary process that led to the emergence of anatomically modern humans, beginning with the evolutionary history of primates – in particular genus \"Homo\" – and leading to the emergence of \"Homo sapiens\" as a distinct species of the hominid family, the great apes.", "Human evolution __knowledge__ This process involved the gradual development of traits such as human bipedalism and language.", "Human evolution __knowledge__ The study of human evolution involves many scientific disciplines, including physical anthropology, primatology, archaeology, paleontology, neurobiology, ethology, linguistics, evolutionary psychology, embryology and genetics.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the various characters throughout the Japanese tokusatsu series \"Garo\", not including the Horrors, a breed of demonic beings that make for most of the series antagonists.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ The various holders of the title are the main characters of the franchise, armed with the blade.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ The Garo title, based on the word for \"hope\" in the old Makai language, is traditionally associated with the Saezima family.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ For reasons yet to be explained, the man who takes the title of Garo is often regarded to be the strongest Knight, widely known throughout the Makai community.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ This is however, not a formal ranking in itself and no preferential treatment is given to the said Knight, as evident with Kouga in \"\" who was in service for years before being promoted to be a Knight serving under the Senate.", "American frontier __knowledge__ The American frontier comprises the geography, history, folklore, and cultural expression of life in the forward wave of American expansion that began with English colonial settlements in the early 17th century and ended with the admission of the last mainland territories as states in 1912.", "American frontier __knowledge__ \"Frontier\" refers to a contrasting region at the edge of a European-American line of settlement.", "American frontier __knowledge__ American historians cover multiple frontiers but the folklore is focused primarily on the conquest and settlement of Indian lands, west of the Mississippi River, in what is now the Midwest, Texas, the Great Plains, the Rocky Mountains, the Southwest, and the West Coast.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The economic history of the United States is about characteristics of and important developments in the U.S. economy from colonial times to the present.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The emphasis is on economic performance and how it was affected by new technologies, the change of size in economic sectors and the effects of legislation and government policy.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ Specialized business history is covered in American business history.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The colonial economy differed significantly from that of most other regions in that land and natural resources were abundant in America but labor was scarce.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ From 1700 to 1775 the output of the thirteen colonies increased 12 fold, giving the colonies an economy about 30% the size of Britain's at the time of independence.", "Subprime mortgage crisis __knowledge__ The United States (U.S.) subprime mortgage crisis was a nationwide banking emergency, occurring between 2007-2010, which contributed to the U.S. recession of December 2007 – June 2009.", "Subprime mortgage crisis __knowledge__ It was triggered by a large decline in home prices after the collapse of a housing bubble, leading to mortgage delinquencies and foreclosures and the devaluation of housing-related securities.", "Subprime mortgage crisis __knowledge__ Declines in residential investment preceded the recession and were followed by reductions in household spending and then business investment.", "Subprime mortgage crisis __knowledge__ Spending reductions were more significant in areas with a combination of high household debt and larger housing price declines.", "List of creatures in Primeval __knowledge__ The following is a complete list of creatures from the universe of ITV science fiction television series \"Primeval\" and also any spin-off media, including \"\" (\"PNW\").", "List of creatures in Primeval __knowledge__ The series includes various imaginary species which are not native to the series setting, with some being prehistoric and others being futuristic.", "List of creatures in Primeval __knowledge__ Various creatures were designed with some artistic license, for dramatic effect.", "List of creatures in Primeval __knowledge__ A number of creatures from the \"Walking with...\" series were also reimagined for dramatic effect.", "List of creatures in Primeval __knowledge__ In 2007 Character Options announced they would create \"Primeval\" action figures, including both a flying Rex and a large plush toy Rex, Future Predators, \"Hesperornis\" and dodos.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ This article provides an overview of the automotive industry in countries around the world.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ The United States was the world's largest automobile producer by volume from the early years of the 20th century until the 1980s, when it was overtaken by Japan.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ In 2009, China became the world's largest vehicle producer.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ Algeria's automotive industry is among the largest on the African continent (together with South Africa, Egypt and Morocco) and can exceed 500,000 units a year.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ Renault is the largest manufacturer with an estimated 25.5 percent of the national car market.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ Other carmakers represented there include Volkswagen (second largest), Peugeot, Hyundai (fifth largest), Nissan, and Fiat.", "History of General Motors __knowledge__ The history of General Motors (GM), one of the world's largest car and truck manufacturers, reaches back more than a century and involves a vast scope of industrial activity around the world, mostly focused on motorized transportation and the engineering and manufacturing that make it possible.", "History of General Motors __knowledge__ Founded in 1908 as a holding company in Flint, Michigan, as of 2012 it employs approximately 209,000 people around the world.", "History of General Motors __knowledge__ With global headquarters at the Renaissance Center in Detroit, Michigan, United States, General Motors manufactures cars and trucks in 35 countries.", "History of General Motors __knowledge__ In 2008, 8.35 million GM cars and trucks were sold globally under various brands.", "General Motors __knowledge__ General Motors Company, commonly abbreviated as GM, is an American multinational corporation headquartered in Detroit that designs, manufactures, markets, and distributes vehicles and vehicle parts, and sells financial services.", "General Motors __knowledge__ With global headquarters in Detroit's Renaissance Center, GM manufactures cars and trucks in 35 countries.", "General Motors __knowledge__ In 2008, 8.35 million GM cars and trucks were sold globally under various brands.", "General Motors __knowledge__ GM reached the milestone of selling 10 million vehicles in 2016.", "General Motors __knowledge__ Current auto brands are Buick, Cadillac, Chevrolet, GMC, Holden, and Wuling.", "General Motors __knowledge__ Former GM automotive brands include Daewoo, McLaughlin, Oakland, Oldsmobile, Pontiac, Hummer, Saab, Saturn, as well as Vauxhall, and Opel, which were bought by Groupe PSA in 2017.", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ Chevrolet ( ), colloquially referred to as Chevy and formally the Chevrolet Division of General Motors Company, is an American automobile division of the American manufacturer General Motors (GM).", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ Louis Chevrolet and ousted General Motors founder William C. Durant started the company on November 3, 1911 as the Chevrolet Motor Car Company.", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ Durant used the Chevrolet Motor Car Company to acquire a controlling stake in General Motors with a reverse merger occurring on May 2, 1918 and propelled himself back to the GM presidency.", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ After Durant's second ousting in 1919, Alfred Sloan, with his maxim \"a car for every purse and purpose,\" would pick the Chevrolet brand to become the volume leader in the General Motors family, selling mainstream vehicles to compete with Henry Ford's Model T in 1919 and overtaking Ford as the best-selling car in the United States by 1929.", "Automotive industry in China __knowledge__ The automotive industry in China has been the largest in the world measured by automobile unit production since 2008.", "Automotive industry in China __knowledge__ Since 2009, annual production of automobiles in China exceeds that of the European Union or that of the United States and Japan combined.", "Automotive industry in China __knowledge__ The traditional \"Big Four\" domestic car manufacturers are SAIC Motor, Dongfeng, FAW and Chang’an.", "Automotive industry in China __knowledge__ Other Chinese car manufacturers are Beijing Automotive Group, Brilliance Automotive, BYD, Chery, Geely, Jianghuai (JAC), Great Wall, and Guangzhou Automobile Group.", "Automotive industry in China __knowledge__ In addition, several multinational manufacturers have partnerships with domestic manufacturers.", "Train of Tomorrow __knowledge__ The Train of Tomorrow was an American demonstrator train built as a collaboration between General Motors (GM) and Pullman-Standard between 1945 and 1947.", "Train of Tomorrow __knowledge__ It was the first new train to consist entirely of dome cars, which were the brainchild of GM vice president and Electro-Motive Division (EMD) general manager Cyrus Osborn, who conceived the idea while riding in either an F-unit or a caboose in the Rocky Mountains in Glenwood Canyon, Colorado.", "Train of Tomorrow __knowledge__ After GM built a 45-foot (14 m) scale model of the train for $101,772 and displayed it to 350 officials from 55 different Class I railroads in 1945, the \"Train of Tomorrow\" was built by Pullman-Standard between October 1946 and May 1947.", "Toyota __knowledge__ Toyota is the world's market leader in sales of hybrid electric vehicles, and one of the largest companies to encourage the mass-market adoption of hybrid vehicles across the globe.", "Toyota __knowledge__ Cumulative global sales of Toyota and Lexus hybrid passenger car models achieved the 10 million milestone in January 2017.", "Toyota __knowledge__ Its Prius family is the world's top selling hybrid nameplate with over 6 million units sold worldwide .", "Toyota __knowledge__ The company was founded by Kiichiro Toyoda in 1937, as a spinoff from his father's company Toyota Industries to create automobiles.", "Toyota __knowledge__ Three years earlier, in 1934, while still a department of Toyota Industries, it created its first product, the Type A engine, and its first passenger car in 1936, the Toyota AA." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ The automotive industry is a wide range of companies and organizations involved in the design, development, manufacturing, marketing, and selling of motor vehicles, some of them are called automakers.", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ It is one of the world's most important economic sectors by revenue.", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ The automotive industry does not include industries dedicated to the maintenance of automobiles following delivery to the end-user, such as automobile repair shops and motor fuel filling stations.", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ The term \"automotive\" was created from Greek \"autos\" (self), and Latin \"motivus\" (of motion) to represent any form of self-powered vehicle.", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ This term was proposed by Elmer Sperry.", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ The automotive industry began in the 1890s with hundreds of manufacturers that pioneered the horseless carriage.", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ For many decades, the United States led the world in total automobile production.", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ In 1929, before the Great Depression, the world had 32,028,500 automobiles in use, and the U.S. automobile industry produced over 90% of them.", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ At that time the U.S. had one car per 4.87 persons.", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ After World War II, the U.S. produced about 75 percent of world's auto production.", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ In 1980, the U.S. was overtaken by Japan and then became world's leader again in 1994.", "Plug-in electric vehicles in Norway __knowledge__ The fleet of plug-in electric vehicles in Norway is the largest per capita in the world, with Oslo recognized as the EV capital of the world.", "Plug-in electric vehicles in Norway __knowledge__ , the market concentration was 21.5 registered plug-in cars per 1,000 people, 14.2 times higher than the U.S., then the world's largest country market.", "Plug-in electric vehicles in Norway __knowledge__ Norway's fleet of electric cars is one of the cleanest in the world because 98% of the electricity generated in the country comes from hydropower.", "Plug-in electric vehicles in Norway __knowledge__ In March 2014, Norway became the first country where over one in every 100 passenger cars on the road was a plug-in electric; the segment's market penetration passed 3% in December 2015, and ended 2016 with 5% of all passenger cars on Norwegian roads being a plug-in.", "Plug-in electric vehicle __knowledge__ A plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) is any motor vehicle that can be recharged from an external source of electricity, such as wall sockets, and the electricity stored in the rechargeable battery packs drives or contributes to drive the wheels.", "Plug-in electric vehicle __knowledge__ PEV is a subset of electric vehicles that includes all-electric or battery electric vehicles (BEVs), plug-in hybrid vehicles (PHEVs), and electric vehicle conversions of hybrid electric vehicles and conventional internal combustion engine vehicles.", "Plug-in electric vehicle __knowledge__ In China, plug-in electric vehicles are called new energy vehicles (NEVs).", "Plug-in electric vehicle __knowledge__ Plug-in cars have several benefits compared to conventional internal combustion engine vehicles.", "Plug-in electric vehicles in Europe __knowledge__ The adoption of plug-in electric vehicles in Europe is actively supported by the European Union and several European government have set public subsidies and other non-financial incentives to promote widespread adoption.", "Plug-in electric vehicles in Europe __knowledge__ , about 943,600 plug-in electric passenger cars and vans have been registered in Europe, the second largest stock after China.", "Plug-in electric vehicles in Europe __knowledge__ , European sales of plug-in cars and vans are led by Norway with over 200,000 units registered, followed by France with almost 158,000, and the UK with over 137,000 units.", "Plug-in electric vehicles in Europe __knowledge__ Cumulative sales of light-duty plug-in electric vehicles in Europe passed the 500,000 unit milestone in May 2016.", "Plug-in electric vehicles in the United States __knowledge__ The adoption of plug-in electric vehicles in the United States is actively supported by the American federal government, and several state and local governments.", "Plug-in electric vehicles in the United States __knowledge__ , cumulative sales in the U.S. totaled 764,666 highway legal plug-in electric vehicles since the market launch of the Tesla Roadster in 2008, , the American stock represented 28.1% of the global light-duty plug-in stock, and the U.S. had the world's third largest stock of plug-in passenger cars after China and Europe.", "Plug-in electric vehicles in the United States __knowledge__ The U.S. market share of plug-in electric passenger cars increased from 0.14% in 2011 to 0.62% in 2013.", "Plug-in electric vehicles in the United States __knowledge__ The plug-in segment reached a market share of 0.75% in 2014 and fell to 0.66% in 2015.", "Electric car use by country __knowledge__ Electric car use by country presents the adoption of plug-in electric vehicles around the world.The popularity of electric vehicles has been expanding rapidly due to government subsidies, their increased range, and environmental sensitivity.", "Electric car use by country __knowledge__ Plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) are generally divided into all-electric or battery electric vehicles (BEVs), that run only on batteries, and plug-in hybrids, that combine battery power with internal combustion engines (PHEVs).", "Electric car use by country __knowledge__ As of the end of 2016, cumulative sales of highway-legal light-duty plug-in vehicles reached 2 million units, of which 38% were sold in 2016.", "Tesla Model S __knowledge__ The Tesla Model S is a full-sized all-electric five-door, luxury liftback, produced by Tesla, Inc., and introduced on June 22, 2012.", "Tesla Model S __knowledge__ It scored a perfect 5.0 NHTSA automobile safety rating.", "Tesla Model S __knowledge__ The EPA official range for the 2017 Model S 100D, which is equipped with a battery pack, is , higher than any other electric car.", "Tesla Model S __knowledge__ The EPA rated the 2017 90D Model S's energy consumption at 200.9 watt-hours per kilometer (32.33 kWh/100 mi or 20.09 kWh/100 km) for a combined fuel economy of 104 miles per gallon gasoline equivalent ( or ).", "Tesla Model S __knowledge__ In 2016, Tesla updated the design of the Model S to closely match that of the Model X. , the following versions are available: 75D, 100D and P100D.", "Hybrid electric vehicle __knowledge__ A hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) is a type of hybrid vehicle that combines a conventional internal combustion engine (ICE) system with an electric propulsion system (hybrid vehicle drivetrain).", "Hybrid electric vehicle __knowledge__ The presence of the electric powertrain is intended to achieve either better fuel economy than a conventional vehicle or better performance.", "Hybrid electric vehicle __knowledge__ There is a variety of HEV types, and the degree to which each functions as an electric vehicle (EV) also varies.", "Hybrid electric vehicle __knowledge__ The most common form of HEV is the hybrid electric car, although hybrid electric trucks (pickups and tractors) and buses also exist.", "Hybrid electric vehicle __knowledge__ Modern HEVs make use of efficiency-improving technologies such as regenerative brakes which convert the vehicle's kinetic energy to electric energy to charge the battery.", "Toyota __knowledge__ Toyota is the world's market leader in sales of hybrid electric vehicles, and one of the largest companies to encourage the mass-market adoption of hybrid vehicles across the globe.", "Toyota __knowledge__ Cumulative global sales of Toyota and Lexus hybrid passenger car models achieved the 10 million milestone in January 2017.", "Toyota __knowledge__ Its Prius family is the world's top selling hybrid nameplate with over 6 million units sold worldwide .", "Toyota __knowledge__ The company was founded by Kiichiro Toyoda in 1937, as a spinoff from his father's company Toyota Industries to create automobiles.", "Toyota __knowledge__ Three years earlier, in 1934, while still a department of Toyota Industries, it created its first product, the Type A engine, and its first passenger car in 1936, the Toyota AA.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ This article provides an overview of the automotive industry in countries around the world.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ The United States was the world's largest automobile producer by volume from the early years of the 20th century until the 1980s, when it was overtaken by Japan.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ In 2009, China became the world's largest vehicle producer.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ Algeria's automotive industry is among the largest on the African continent (together with South Africa, Egypt and Morocco) and can exceed 500,000 units a year.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ Renault is the largest manufacturer with an estimated 25.5 percent of the national car market.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ Other carmakers represented there include Volkswagen (second largest), Peugeot, Hyundai (fifth largest), Nissan, and Fiat.", "2009–11 Toyota vehicle recalls __knowledge__ Three separate but related recalls of automobiles by Toyota Motor Corporation occurred at the end of 2009 and start of 2010.", "2009–11 Toyota vehicle recalls __knowledge__ Toyota initiated the recalls, the first two with the assistance of the U.S. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), after reports that several vehicles experienced unintended acceleration.", "2009–11 Toyota vehicle recalls __knowledge__ The first recall, on November 2, 2009, was to correct a possible incursion of an incorrect or out-of-place front driver's side floor mat into the foot pedal well, which can cause pedal entrapment.", "2009–11 Toyota vehicle recalls __knowledge__ The second recall, on January 21, 2010, was begun after some crashes were shown not to have been caused by floor mat incursion.", "Automotive industry in China __knowledge__ The automotive industry in China has been the largest in the world measured by automobile unit production since 2008.", "Automotive industry in China __knowledge__ Since 2009, annual production of automobiles in China exceeds that of the European Union or that of the United States and Japan combined.", "Automotive industry in China __knowledge__ The traditional \"Big Four\" domestic car manufacturers are SAIC Motor, Dongfeng, FAW and Chang’an.", "Automotive industry in China __knowledge__ Other Chinese car manufacturers are Beijing Automotive Group, Brilliance Automotive, BYD, Chery, Geely, Jianghuai (JAC), Great Wall, and Guangzhou Automobile Group.", "Automotive industry in China __knowledge__ In addition, several multinational manufacturers have partnerships with domestic manufacturers.", "General Motors __knowledge__ General Motors Company, commonly abbreviated as GM, is an American multinational corporation headquartered in Detroit that designs, manufactures, markets, and distributes vehicles and vehicle parts, and sells financial services.", "General Motors __knowledge__ With global headquarters in Detroit's Renaissance Center, GM manufactures cars and trucks in 35 countries.", "General Motors __knowledge__ In 2008, 8.35 million GM cars and trucks were sold globally under various brands.", "General Motors __knowledge__ GM reached the milestone of selling 10 million vehicles in 2016.", "General Motors __knowledge__ Current auto brands are Buick, Cadillac, Chevrolet, GMC, Holden, and Wuling.", "General Motors __knowledge__ Former GM automotive brands include Daewoo, McLaughlin, Oakland, Oldsmobile, Pontiac, Hummer, Saab, Saturn, as well as Vauxhall, and Opel, which were bought by Groupe PSA in 2017.", "OPN1LW __knowledge__ OPN1LW is a gene on the X chromosome that encodes for long wave sensitive (LWS) opsin, or red cone photopigment.", "OPN1LW __knowledge__ It is responsible for perception of visible light in the yellow-green range on the visible spectrum (around 500-570nm).", "OPN1LW __knowledge__ The gene contains 6 exons with variability that induces shifts in the spectral range.", "OPN1LW __knowledge__ OPN1LW is subject to homologous recombination with OPN1MW, as the two have very similar genomes.", "OPN1LW __knowledge__ These recombinations can lead to various vision problems, such as red-green colourblindness and blue monochromacy.", "OPN1LW __knowledge__ The protein encoded is a G-protein coupled receptor with embedded 11-\"cis\"-retinal, whose light excitation causes a cis-trans conformational change that begins the process of chemical signalling to the brain." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ The automotive industry is a wide range of companies and organizations involved in the design, development, manufacturing, marketing, and selling of motor vehicles, some of them are called automakers.", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ It is one of the world's most important economic sectors by revenue.", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ The automotive industry does not include industries dedicated to the maintenance of automobiles following delivery to the end-user, such as automobile repair shops and motor fuel filling stations.", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ The term \"automotive\" was created from Greek \"autos\" (self), and Latin \"motivus\" (of motion) to represent any form of self-powered vehicle.", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ This term was proposed by Elmer Sperry.", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ The automotive industry began in the 1890s with hundreds of manufacturers that pioneered the horseless carriage.", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ For many decades, the United States led the world in total automobile production.", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ In 1929, before the Great Depression, the world had 32,028,500 automobiles in use, and the U.S. automobile industry produced over 90% of them.", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ At that time the U.S. had one car per 4.87 persons.", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ After World War II, the U.S. produced about 75 percent of world's auto production.", "Automotive industry __knowledge__ In 1980, the U.S. was overtaken by Japan and then became world's leader again in 1994.", "Lactalbumin __knowledge__ Lactalbumin, also known as \"whey protein\", is the albumin contained in milk and obtained from whey.", "Lactalbumin __knowledge__ Lactalbumin is found in the milk of many mammals.", "Lactalbumin __knowledge__ There are alpha and beta lactalbumins; both are contained in milk.", "Lactalbumin __knowledge__ Scientific studies suggest that certain types of lactalbumin (whey protein) can significantly improve immune responsiveness and increase levels of glutathione systemically in animals and possesses antiviral (against viruses), anti-apoptotic (impede cell death) and anti-tumor (against cancers or tumors) activities in humans.", "Lactalbumin __knowledge__ 1.", "Lactalbumin __knowledge__ Influence Of Dietary Lactalbumin Hydrolysate On The Immune System Of Mice And Resistance To Salmonellosis Bounous G., Stevenson M.M., Kongshavn P.A.", "Working time __knowledge__ Working time is the period of time that a person spends at paid labor.", "Working time __knowledge__ Unpaid labor such as personal housework or caring for children or pets is not considered part of the working week.", "Working time __knowledge__ Many countries regulate the work week by law, such as stipulating minimum daily rest periods, annual holidays, and a maximum number of working hours per week.", "Working time __knowledge__ Working time may vary from person to person, often depending on location, culture, lifestyle choice, and the profitability of the individual's livelihood.", "Working time __knowledge__ For example, someone who is supporting children and paying a large mortgage will need to work more hours to meet basic costs of living than someone of the same earning power without children.", "Anusvara __knowledge__ Anusvara (Sanskrit: \"\") is the diacritic used to mark a type of nasal sound used in a number of Indic scripts.", "Anusvara __knowledge__ Depending on the location of the anusvara in the word and the language in which it is used, its exact pronunciation can vary greatly.", "Anusvara __knowledge__ In the context of Sanskrit, \"anusvara\" may also refer also to the nasal sound itself.", "Anusvara __knowledge__ In Vedic Sanskrit, the (lit.", "Anusvara __knowledge__ \"after-sound\") is a sound that occurs as an allophone of /m/, at a morpheme boundary, or /n/ morpheme-internally, if either of them is preceded by a vowel and followed by a fricative ().", "Anusvara __knowledge__ The material in the various ancient phonetic treatises points to two possible phonetic descriptions.", "Whey __knowledge__ Whey is the liquid remaining after milk has been curdled and strained.", "Whey __knowledge__ It is a byproduct of the manufacture of cheese or casein and has several commercial uses.", "Whey __knowledge__ Sweet whey is a byproduct produced during the manufacture of rennet types of hard cheese, like Cheddar or Swiss cheese.", "Whey __knowledge__ Acid whey (also known as sour whey) is a byproduct produced during the making of acid types of dairy products, such as cottage cheese or strained yogurt.", "Whey __knowledge__ Whey proteins consist of α-lactalbumin, β-lactoglobulin, serum albumin, immunoglobulins, and proteose-peptones.", "Whey __knowledge__ To produce cheese, rennet or an edible acid is added to heated milk.", "Overtime __knowledge__ Overtime is the amount of time someone works beyond \"normal working hours\".", "Overtime __knowledge__ The term is also used for the pay received for this time.", "Overtime __knowledge__ Normal hours may be determined in several ways: Most nations have overtime labour laws designed to dissuade or prevent employers from forcing their employees to work excessively long hours.", "Overtime __knowledge__ These laws may take into account other considerations than the humanitarian, such as preserving the health of workers so that they may continue to be productive, or increasing the overall level of employment in the economy.", "Overtime __knowledge__ One common approach to regulating overtime is to require employers to pay workers at a higher hourly rate for overtime work.", "Flextime __knowledge__ Flextime (also spelled flexitime [British English], flex-time) is a flexible hours schedule that allows workers to alter workday start and finish times.", "Flextime __knowledge__ In contrast to traditional work arrangements that require employees to work a standard 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. day, flextime typically involves a \"core\" period of the day during which employees are required to be at work (e.g., between 11 a.m. and 3 p.m.), and a \"bandwidth\" period within which all required hours must be worked (e.g., between 5:30 a.m. and 7:30 p.m.).", "Flextime __knowledge__ The working day outside of the \"core\" period is \"flexible time\", in which employees can choose when they work, subject to achieving total daily, weekly or monthly hours within the \"bandwidth\" period set by employers, and subject to the necessary work being done .", "Sour cream __knowledge__ Traditionally, sour cream was made by letting cream that was skimmed off the top of milk ferment at a moderate temperature.", "Sour cream __knowledge__ The bacteria that developed during fermentation thickened the cream and made it more acidic, a natural way of preserving it.", "Sour cream __knowledge__ Traditional sour cream contains from 18 to 20 percent butterfat and gets its characteristic tang from the lactic acid created by the bacteria.", "Sour cream __knowledge__ Commercially produced sour cream usually contains 14 percent milk fat, and can contain additional thickening agents such as gelatin, rennet, guar gum and carrageenan, as well as acids to artificially sour the product.", "Yep Roc Records __knowledge__ Yep Roc Records is an American independent record label based in Hillsborough, North Carolina, and owned by Redeye Distribution.", "Yep Roc Records __knowledge__ Since 1997, the label has released albums from North Carolina and international artists, including Aoife O'Donovan, Chatham County Line, Dave Alvin, Gang of Four, Los Straitjackets, Nick Lowe, Paul Weller, Robyn Hitchcock, Ryan Adams, The Apples in Stereo, The Reverend Horton Heat, Mandolin Orange, and Tift Merritt.", "Yep Roc Records __knowledge__ Tor Hansen started the label in 1997, two years after moving to North Carolina to help manage a chain of record stores in the South.", "Yep Roc Records __knowledge__ In and around the musical hotbed of Chapel Hill, he encountered bands making good music but not really knowing how to get it out.", "UEFA Financial Fair Play Regulations __knowledge__ The UEFA Financial Fair Play Regulations (FFP) were established to prevent professional football clubs spending more than they earn in the pursuit of success and in doing so getting into financial problems which might threaten their long-term survival.", "UEFA Financial Fair Play Regulations __knowledge__ They were agreed to in principle in September 2009 by the Financial Control Panel of football’s governing body in Europe (Union of European Football Associations – UEFA).", "UEFA Financial Fair Play Regulations __knowledge__ The regulations provide for sanctions to be taken against clubs who exceed spending, over several seasons, within a set budgetary framework.", "UEFA Financial Fair Play Regulations __knowledge__ Implementation of the regulations took place at the outset of the 2011–12 football season.", "General Motors __knowledge__ General Motors Company, commonly abbreviated as GM, is an American multinational corporation headquartered in Detroit that designs, manufactures, markets, and distributes vehicles and vehicle parts, and sells financial services.", "General Motors __knowledge__ With global headquarters in Detroit's Renaissance Center, GM manufactures cars and trucks in 35 countries.", "General Motors __knowledge__ In 2008, 8.35 million GM cars and trucks were sold globally under various brands.", "General Motors __knowledge__ GM reached the milestone of selling 10 million vehicles in 2016.", "General Motors __knowledge__ Current auto brands are Buick, Cadillac, Chevrolet, GMC, Holden, and Wuling.", "General Motors __knowledge__ Former GM automotive brands include Daewoo, McLaughlin, Oakland, Oldsmobile, Pontiac, Hummer, Saab, Saturn, as well as Vauxhall, and Opel, which were bought by Groupe PSA in 2017.", "Laurence Yep __knowledge__ Laurence Michael Yep (; born June 14, 1948) is a prolific Chinese-American writer, best known for children's books.", "Laurence Yep __knowledge__ In 2005, he received the biennial Laura Ingalls Wilder Medal for his career contribution to American children's literature.", "Laurence Yep __knowledge__ Yep was born in San Francisco to Yep Gim Lew (Thomas) and Franche.", "Laurence Yep __knowledge__ His older brother, Thomas, named him after studying a particular saint in a multicultural neighborhood that consisted of mostly African Americans.", "Laurence Yep __knowledge__ Growing up, he often felt torn between U.S. and Chinese culture, and expressed this in many of his books.", "Laurence Yep __knowledge__ A great deal of his work involves characters feeling alienated or not fitting into their surroundings and environment, something Yep has struggled with since childhood.", "Floyd Mayweather Jr. __knowledge__ Floyd Joy Mayweather Jr. (born Floyd Joy Sinclair; February 24, 1977) is an American professional boxing promoter and former professional boxer.", "Floyd Mayweather Jr. __knowledge__ He competed from 1996 to 2007 and 2009 to 2015, and made a one-fight comeback in 2017.", "Floyd Mayweather Jr. __knowledge__ During his career, he held multiple world titles in five weight classes and the lineal championship in four weight classes (twice at welterweight), and retired with an undefeated record of 50–0, surpassing Rocky Marciano's record of 49–0.", "Floyd Mayweather Jr. __knowledge__ As an amateur, Mayweather won a bronze medal in the featherweight division at the 1996 Olympics, three U.S. Golden Gloves championships (at light flyweight, flyweight, and featherweight), and the U.S. national championship at featherweight.", "Where It's At (Yep, Yep) __knowledge__ \"Where It's At (Yep, Yep)\" (also known as \"Where It's At\" in its short title) is a song recorded by American country music artist Dustin Lynch.", "Where It's At (Yep, Yep) __knowledge__ It was released in March 2014 as the first single from his second studio album.", "Where It's At (Yep, Yep) __knowledge__ The album, \"Where It's At\", was released on September 9, 2014.", "Where It's At (Yep, Yep) __knowledge__ The song was written by Cary Barlowe, Zach Crowell and Matt Jenkins.", "Where It's At (Yep, Yep) __knowledge__ The song garnered positive reviews from critics who praised its upbeat instrumentals and Lynch's vocal performance.", "Where It's At (Yep, Yep) __knowledge__ \"Where It's At (Yep Yep)\" was Lynch's first number-one single on the \"Billboard\" Country Airplay chart.", "Where It's At (Yep, Yep) __knowledge__ It also charted at numbers 4 and 42 on both the Hot Country Songs and Hot 100 charts respectively.", "Master System __knowledge__ The Master System is a third-generation home video game console that was manufactured by Sega.", "Master System __knowledge__ It was originally released in 1985 as the Sega Mark III in Japan.", "Master System __knowledge__ After being redesigned prior to its North American launch, the console was renamed Master System and released in 1986 in North America, 1987 in Europe, and 1989 in Brazil.", "Master System __knowledge__ The Master System was also released in Japan in 1987 with additional features over the overseas models.", "Master System __knowledge__ Both the Mark III and the original Master System models could play with both cartridges (or \"Mega Cartridges\", as they were officially called) and the credit card-sized Sega Cards, which retailed at lower prices than cartridges but had lower storage capacity; the Master System II and later models did not have the card slot." ] ]

[ 0, 0, 54, 63, 18 ]

[ "No way! Mine too! He owns his own shop in a small town.", "GM is a very successful automotive manufacturer", "Yep, but they sold 10 million vehicles in 2016, so they are doing well now", "Yep! In 2008 they only sold 8.35 million, so it is a fair bit more nowadays!", "You don't get paid for stuff like personal housework or caring for children or pets!" ]

[ "Automotive industry", "Automotive industry", "Automotive industry", "Automotive industry", "Automotive industry" ]

[ "Hiking", "I do too. I live near lots of mountains, so it's perfect for me to do too.", "I have heard word and did not know that's what it meant. makes sense." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hiking __knowledge__ Hiking is the preferred term, in Canada and the United States, for a long, vigorous walk, usually on trails (footpaths), in the countryside, while the word walking is used for shorter, particularly urban walks.", "Hiking __knowledge__ On the other hand, in the United Kingdom, and the Republic of Ireland, the word \"walking\" is acceptable to describe \"all forms\" of walking, whether it is a walk in the park or backpacking in the Alps.", "Hiking __knowledge__ The word hiking is also often used in the UK, along with rambling (a slightly old-fashioned term), hillwalking, and fell walking (a term mostly used for hillwalking in northern England).", "Hiking __knowledge__ The term bushwalking is endemic to Australia, having been adopted by the Sydney Bush Walkers club in 1927.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In New Zealand a long, vigorous walk or hike is called tramping.", "Hiking __knowledge__ It is a popular activity with numerous worldwide, and studies suggest that all forms of walking have health benefits.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In the United States, Canada, the Republic of Ireland, and United Kingdom, hiking means walking outdoors on a trail, or off trail, for recreational purposes.", "Hiking __knowledge__ A day hike refers to a hike that can be completed in a single day.", "Hiking __knowledge__ However, in the United Kingdom, the word walking is also used, as well as rambling, while walking in mountainous areas is called hillwalking." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hiking __knowledge__ Hiking is the preferred term, in Canada and the United States, for a long, vigorous walk, usually on trails (footpaths), in the countryside, while the word walking is used for shorter, particularly urban walks.", "Hiking __knowledge__ On the other hand, in the United Kingdom, and the Republic of Ireland, the word \"walking\" is acceptable to describe \"all forms\" of walking, whether it is a walk in the park or backpacking in the Alps.", "Hiking __knowledge__ The word hiking is also often used in the UK, along with rambling (a slightly old-fashioned term), hillwalking, and fell walking (a term mostly used for hillwalking in northern England).", "Hiking __knowledge__ The term bushwalking is endemic to Australia, having been adopted by the Sydney Bush Walkers club in 1927.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In New Zealand a long, vigorous walk or hike is called tramping.", "Hiking __knowledge__ It is a popular activity with numerous worldwide, and studies suggest that all forms of walking have health benefits.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In the United States, Canada, the Republic of Ireland, and United Kingdom, hiking means walking outdoors on a trail, or off trail, for recreational purposes.", "Hiking __knowledge__ A day hike refers to a hike that can be completed in a single day.", "Hiking __knowledge__ However, in the United Kingdom, the word walking is also used, as well as rambling, while walking in mountainous areas is called hillwalking.", "Diné Bahaneʼ __knowledge__ This story forms the basis for the traditional Navajo way of life.", "Diné Bahaneʼ __knowledge__ The basic outline of begins with the (Holy Wind) being created, the mists of lights which arose through the darkness to animate and bring purpose to the four (Holy People), supernatural and sacred in the different three lower worlds.", "Diné Bahaneʼ __knowledge__ All these things were spiritually created in the time before the Earth existed and the physical aspect of humans did not exist yet, but the spiritual did.", "Diné Bahaneʼ __knowledge__ The First or Dark World, , was small and centered on an island floating in the middle of four seas.", "Diné Bahaneʼ __knowledge__ The inhabitants of the first world were the four , the two Coyotes, the four rulers of the four seas, mist beings and various insect and bat people, the latter being the Air-Spirit People.", "Chiapas __knowledge__ Chiapas (), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Chiapas (), is one of the 31 states that with Mexico City make up the 32 federal entities of Mexico.", "Chiapas __knowledge__ It is divided into 124 municipalities as of September 2017 and its capital city is Tuxtla Gutiérrez.", "Chiapas __knowledge__ Other important population centers in Chiapas include Ocosingo, Tapachula, San Cristóbal de las Casas, Comitán and Arriaga.", "Chiapas __knowledge__ It is the southernmost state, bordered by the states of Oaxaca to the west, Veracruz to the northwest and Tabasco to the north, and by the Petén, Quiché, Huehuetenango and San Marcos departments of Guatemala to the east and southeast.", "Fulham __knowledge__ Fulham () is an area of the London Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham in west London, England, south-west of Charing Cross.", "Fulham __knowledge__ It lies on the north bank of the River Thames, between Hammersmith and Kensington and Chelsea, facing Putney and Barnes.", "Fulham __knowledge__ Fulham has a history of industry and enterprise dating back to the 15th century, with pottery, tapestry-weaving, paper-making and brewing in the 17th and 18th centuries in present-day Fulham High Street, and later involvement in the automotive industry, early aviation, food production, and laundries.", "Fulham __knowledge__ Lillie Bridge Depot, a railway engineering depot opened in 1872, is associated with the building and extension of the London Underground, the electrification of Tube lines from the nearby Lots Road Power Station, and for well over a century has been the maintenance hub for rolling stock and track.", "Monza–Molteno–Lecco railway __knowledge__ The Monza–Molteno–Lecco railway is a railway line in Lombardy, Italy.", "Monza–Molteno–Lecco railway __knowledge__ The section from Molteno to Lecco was opened on 20 November 1888 as a part of the Como–Lecco railway.", "Monza–Molteno–Lecco railway __knowledge__ The section from Monza to Molteno was opened as a private railway on 14 October 1911.", "Monza–Molteno–Lecco railway __knowledge__ In the section from Monza to Molteno the only train service is the \"S7 Milano-Monza-Molteno-Lecco\" line of Milan suburban railway service; in the section from Molteno to Lecco is also present another regional service train connecting Como and Lecco.", "Monza–Molteno–Lecco railway __knowledge__ Monza is connected to Lecco even with another railway, the main railway Milano-Monza-Carnate-Lecco, more short and faster with a large number of trains; Monza-Molteno-Lecco train (\"\"Treno dei Tre Parchi\"\", Train of the Three Parks) runs through a more long, slow way across the hilly area of Brianza - \"Colli Briantei\" - the countryside, near lots of beautiful natural places like meadows, torrents and rivers, woods, fields, small lake and high mountains close to Lecco, and old small towns with nobiliar palaces and places of hystory, culture, art.", "Riley Birthplace and Museum __knowledge__ The Riley Birthplace and Museum, one of two homes called the James Whitcomb Riley House on the National Register of Historic Places, is located at 250 West Main Street in Greenfield, Indiana, twenty miles (32 km) east of downtown Indianapolis.", "Riley Birthplace and Museum __knowledge__ The Riley Birthplace and Museum marks where noted Hoosier poet James Whitcomb Riley was born and lived during his boyhood.", "Riley Birthplace and Museum __knowledge__ The house was built by the author's father Reuben Riley, a local attorney in 1850, and Greenfield's first mayor.", "Riley Birthplace and Museum __knowledge__ Riley was not actually born in the house, but a cabin on the site of the property (October 7, 1849).", "Riley Birthplace and Museum __knowledge__ Reuben Riley saw that his cabin was not large enough for all five members of his family, so he worked on the house for three years, often cannibalized the cabin to make improvements on the house during its construction; the winding stairway to the second floor best typifies this cannibalization.", "Clifford Hall (painter) __knowledge__ Clifford Eric Martin Hall, RBA, ROI, (24 January 1904 – 25 December 1973) was a British painter of street scenes and bohemian life who towards the end of his career began to paint women covered almost head to toe and with their faces usually hidden.", "Clifford Hall (painter) __knowledge__ Born in Wandsworth, London, Hall spent his youth in Richmond, at Sheen Avenue, then in Mount Arras Road.", "Clifford Hall (painter) __knowledge__ He was educated first at Elm Tree House School, then Richmond Hill School from 1914, followed by King's College School, Wimbledon.", "Clifford Hall (painter) __knowledge__ In the 1920s he studied at Richmond Art School under Charles Wheeler and at Putney Art School under Stanley Anderson.", "North Waziristan __knowledge__ North Waziristan (; ) is the northern part of Waziristan, a mountainous region of northwest Pakistan, bordering Afghanistan and covering .", "North Waziristan __knowledge__ Waziristan comprises the area west and south-west of Peshawar between the Kurram River (Tochi River) to the north and the Gomal River to the south, forming part of Pakistan's Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA).", "North Waziristan __knowledge__ Miramshah is capital of North Waziristan.", "North Waziristan __knowledge__ Bannu, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa lies immediately to the east, while the largest town on the Afghan side of the border (Loya Paktia) is Khost.", "North Waziristan __knowledge__ The region became an independent tribal territory in 1893, remaining outside the British empire and Afghanistan.", "Women in Sweden __knowledge__ The status and rights of Women in Sweden has been affected by culture, religion and social discourses such as by the strong feminist movement as well as laws, and changed several times through the history of Sweden.", "Women in Sweden __knowledge__ During the Viking Age, women had a relatively free status in the Nordic countries of Sweden, Denmark and Norway, illustrated in the Icelandic Grágás and the Norwegian Frostating laws and Gulating laws.", "Women in Sweden __knowledge__ The paternal aunt, paternal niece and paternal granddaughter, referred to as \"odalkvinna\", all had the right to inherit property from a deceased man.", "Women in Sweden __knowledge__ In the absence of male relatives, an unmarried woman with no son could further more inherit the position as head of the family from a deceased father or brother: a woman with such status was referred to as \"ringkvinna\", and she exercised all the rights afforded to the head of a family clan, such as the right to demand and receive fines for the slaughter of a family member, until she married, by which her rights were transferred to her husband.", "Elemental Gelade __knowledge__ The manga series has been adapted into an anime television series produced by Xebec, two light novels, two video games for the PlayStation 2 and Game Boy Advance and four drama CDs.", "Elemental Gelade __knowledge__ The anime ended after 26 episodes.", "Elemental Gelade __knowledge__ The manga ended in 2009.", "Elemental Gelade __knowledge__ Prior to the original broadcast of the anime on TV Tokyo on April 5, 2005, both the manga and anime were licensed by Tokyopop and Geneon Entertainment, respectively for North American distribution.", "Elemental Gelade __knowledge__ The announcement was made even after ADV announced they acquired licensing rights for both manga and anime a year before.", "Elemental Gelade __knowledge__ The tale of \"Elemental Gelade\" is set in the world of Guardia where beings called Edel Raids co-exist with humans.", "Long Path __knowledge__ The Long Path is a long-distance hiking trail beginning at the George Washington Bridge in Fort Lee, New Jersey and ending at Altamont, New York, in the Albany area.", "Long Path __knowledge__ While not yet a continuous trail, relying on road walks in some areas, it nevertheless takes in many of the popular hiking attractions west of the Hudson River, such as the New Jersey Palisades, Harriman State Park, the Shawangunk Ridge and the Catskill Mountains.", "Long Path __knowledge__ It offers hikers a diversity of environments to pass through, from suburbia and sea-level salt marshes along the Hudson to wilderness and boreal forest on Catskill summits in elevation.", "Women's suffrage __knowledge__ Women's suffrage (also known as female suffrage, woman suffrage or women's right to vote) is the right of women to vote in elections; a person who advocates the extension of suffrage, particularly to women, is called a suffragist.", "Women's suffrage __knowledge__ Limited voting rights were gained by women in Finland, Iceland, Sweden and some Australian colonies and western U.S. states in the late 19th century.", "Women's suffrage __knowledge__ National and international organizations formed to coordinate efforts to gain voting rights, especially the International Woman Suffrage Alliance (founded in 1904, Berlin, Germany), and also worked for equal civil rights for women.", "City vs Country Origin __knowledge__ City vs Country Origin was an annual Australian rugby league football match that took place in New South Wales between City and Country representative sides.", "City vs Country Origin __knowledge__ The City side represented the Sydney metropolitan area.", "City vs Country Origin __knowledge__ While technically it was Sydney vs. the rest of NSW, players from the Central Coast (such as Matt Orford and Mark O'Meley) often represented City, but other players from the Central Coast (such as Chris Heighington) represented Country.", "City vs Country Origin __knowledge__ The Country side represented the rest of New South Wales.", "City vs Country Origin __knowledge__ The concept of an annual clash between a City and Country team originally started in 1911 with a Metropolitan side taking on the Country team.", "Diane Youdale __knowledge__ Diane Patricia Youdale (born 13 February 1970) is an English television personality, who is best known for her role as \"Jet\" on the television series \"Gladiators.\"", "Diane Youdale __knowledge__ Born in Middlesbrough to an astronomer father, Youdale grew up in the nearby town of Billingham, where she studied at the Billingham Campus School.", "Diane Youdale __knowledge__ Youdale competed in gymnast events and was North of England Junior Gymnastics Champion for four years.", "Diane Youdale __knowledge__ One of her first television appearances was in the 1983 Thames Television show Junior Gymnast of the Year, where she finished in fifth place with 32.70 points.", "Diane Youdale __knowledge__ She acted with the National Youth Theatre." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hiking __knowledge__ Hiking is the preferred term, in Canada and the United States, for a long, vigorous walk, usually on trails (footpaths), in the countryside, while the word walking is used for shorter, particularly urban walks.", "Hiking __knowledge__ On the other hand, in the United Kingdom, and the Republic of Ireland, the word \"walking\" is acceptable to describe \"all forms\" of walking, whether it is a walk in the park or backpacking in the Alps.", "Hiking __knowledge__ The word hiking is also often used in the UK, along with rambling (a slightly old-fashioned term), hillwalking, and fell walking (a term mostly used for hillwalking in northern England).", "Hiking __knowledge__ The term bushwalking is endemic to Australia, having been adopted by the Sydney Bush Walkers club in 1927.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In New Zealand a long, vigorous walk or hike is called tramping.", "Hiking __knowledge__ It is a popular activity with numerous worldwide, and studies suggest that all forms of walking have health benefits.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In the United States, Canada, the Republic of Ireland, and United Kingdom, hiking means walking outdoors on a trail, or off trail, for recreational purposes.", "Hiking __knowledge__ A day hike refers to a hike that can be completed in a single day.", "Hiking __knowledge__ However, in the United Kingdom, the word walking is also used, as well as rambling, while walking in mountainous areas is called hillwalking.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ There are many varieties of criticism.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ This article describes common types that occur regularly in everyday life.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ For other criteria that classify criticisms, see this page.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ For more subject-specific information, see the pages on topics such as art, film, literature, theatre, or architecture.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ Aesthetic criticism is a part of aesthetics concerned with critically judging beauty and ugliness, tastefulness and tastelessness, style and fashion, meaning and quality of design—and issues of human sentiment and affect (the evoking of pleasure and pain, likes and dislikes).", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ Most parts of human life have an aesthetic dimension, which means there is plenty potential for criticism.", "Aprile Millo __knowledge__ Aprile Millo (born April 14, 1958) is an American operatic soprano of Italian and Irish ancestry who is particularly admired for her interpretations of the works of Giuseppe Verdi.", "Aprile Millo __knowledge__ Possessing a spinto voice of power, warmth and temperament, Millo became one of the most celebrated opera singers of the late twentieth century.", "Aprile Millo __knowledge__ Although she has performed at many of the world's leading opera houses and with many orchestras and ensembles internationally, Millo has spent much of her career appearing in productions at the Metropolitan Opera.", "Aprile Millo __knowledge__ Aprile Millo was born in New York City, the daughter of two opera singers, tenor Giovanni Millo (John Hamill) and soprano Margherita Girosi.", "Miscue analysis __knowledge__ Miscue analysis was originally developed by Ken Goodman for the purpose of understanding the reading process.", "Miscue analysis __knowledge__ It is a diagnostic tool that helps researchers/teachers gain insight into the reading process.", "Miscue analysis __knowledge__ The term \"miscue\" was initiated by Ken Goodman to describe an observed response in the reading process that does not match the expected response.", "Miscue analysis __knowledge__ Goodman uses the term \"miscue,\" rather than \"error\" or \"mistake\" to avoid value implications.", "Miscue analysis __knowledge__ He states that the departures from the text are not necessarily a negative aspect of the reading process but rather \"windows on the reading process\" (Goodman, 1969, p. 123).", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion __knowledge__ The vocabulary of ancient Roman religion was highly specialized.", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion __knowledge__ Its study affords important information about the religion, traditions and beliefs of the ancient Romans.", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion __knowledge__ This legacy is conspicuous in European cultural history in its influence on later juridical and religious vocabulary in Europe, particularly of the Western Church.", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion __knowledge__ This glossary provides explanations of concepts as they were expressed in Latin pertaining to religious practices and beliefs, with links to articles on major topics such as priesthoods, forms of divination, and rituals.", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion __knowledge__ For theonyms, or the names and epithets of gods, see List of Roman deities.", "The Shining (film) __knowledge__ The Shining is a 1980 horror film produced and directed by Stanley Kubrick and co-written with novelist Diane Johnson.", "The Shining (film) __knowledge__ The film is based on Stephen King's 1977 novel \"The Shining\".", "The Shining (film) __knowledge__ \"The Shining\" is about Jack Torrance (Jack Nicholson), an aspiring writer and recovering alcoholic, who accepts a position as the off-season caretaker of the isolated historic Overlook Hotel in the Colorado Rockies.", "The Shining (film) __knowledge__ Wintering over with Jack is his wife Wendy Torrance (Shelley Duvall) and young son Danny Torrance (Danny Lloyd), who possesses \"the shining\", an array of psychic abilities that allow Danny to see the hotel's horrific past.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ The films listed below have been cited by a variety of notable critics in varying media sources as being among the worst films ever made.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ Examples of such sources include Metacritic, Roger Ebert's list of most-hated films, \"The Golden Turkey Awards\", \"Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide\", Rotten Tomatoes, the Stinkers Bad Movie Awards, \"Mystery Science Theater 3000\", and the Golden Raspberry Awards (\"Razzies\").", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ \"Reefer Madness\" (originally released as \"Tell Your Children\" and sometimes titled or subtitled as \"The Burning Question\", \"Dope Addict\", \"Doped Youth\", and \"Love Madness\") is a 1936 American exploitation film and propaganda work revolving around the melodramatic events that ensue when high school students are lured by pushers to try marijuana—from a hit and run accident, to manslaughter, suicide, attempted rape, and descent into madness.", "Matthias Zollner __knowledge__ Matthias Zollner (born May 9, 1981) is a German professional basketball coach.", "Matthias Zollner __knowledge__ He is the current head coach of Güssing Knights.", "Matthias Zollner __knowledge__ From 2004 to 2009 Zollner coached his hometown club TSV Dachau 1865 \"Spurs\".", "Matthias Zollner __knowledge__ In 2009 he took over Munich's most traditional basketball club Munich Basket formerly known as Lotus Munich.", "Matthias Zollner __knowledge__ Coach Zollner guided Basket's team for 3 seasons before being nominated as an assistant coach for the German national basketball team.", "Matthias Zollner __knowledge__ In 2013, Zollner was an assistant coach on the German national basketball team.", "Matthias Zollner __knowledge__ In the 2013–14 season, Zollner led the UBC Güssing Knights to its first Austrian title, despite being ranked by experts to be 7th before the start of the season.", "Sentry (Robert Reynolds) __knowledge__ The Sentry (Robert \"Bob\" Reynolds) is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Sentry (Robert Reynolds) __knowledge__ The character first appears in \"The Sentry\" #1 (Sep. 2000) and was created by Paul Jenkins and Jae Lee, with uncredited conceptual contributions by Rick Veitch.", "Sentry (Robert Reynolds) __knowledge__ In the late 1990s, Paul Jenkins and Rick Veitch developed an idea of Jenkins' about \"an over-the-hill guy, struggling with addiction, who had a tight relationship with his dog\" into a proposal for Marvel Comics' Marvel Knights line.", "Sentry (Robert Reynolds) __knowledge__ Jenkins conceived of the character \"a guardian type, with a watchtower\", and came up with the name \"Sentry\" (after previously considering \"Centurion\").", "Astrobiology __knowledge__ Astrobiology is the study of the origin, evolution, distribution, and future of life in the universe: extraterrestrial life and life on Earth.", "Astrobiology __knowledge__ Astrobiology addresses the question of whether life exists beyond Earth, and how humans can detect it if it does.", "Astrobiology __knowledge__ The term exobiology is similar but more specific—it covers the search for life beyond Earth, and the effects of extraterrestrial environments on living things.", "Astrobiology __knowledge__ Astrobiology makes use of physics, chemistry, astronomy, biology, molecular biology, ecology, planetary science, geography, and geology to investigate the possibility of life on other worlds and help recognize biospheres that might be different from that on Earth.", "Pacific Fur Company __knowledge__ The Pacific Fur Company (PFC) was an American fur trade venture wholly owned and funded by John Jacob Astor that functioned from 1810 to 1813.", "Pacific Fur Company __knowledge__ It was based in the Pacific Northwest, an area contested over the decades between the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Spanish Empire, the United States of America and the Russian Empire.", "Pacific Fur Company __knowledge__ Management, clerks and fur trappers were sent both by land and by sea to the Pacific Coast in the Autumn of 1810.", "Pacific Fur Company __knowledge__ The base of operations was constructed at the mouth of the Columbia River in 1811, Fort Astoria (present-day Astoria, Oregon).", "Pacific Fur Company __knowledge__ The destruction of the company vessel the \"Tonquin\" later that year off the shore of Vancouver Island took with it the majority of the annual trading goods.", "Chejerla __knowledge__ Chejerla is a village and a Mandal in Nellore district in the state of Andhra Pradesh in India.", "Chejerla __knowledge__ As of 2001 India census, Chejerla had a population of 6172.", "Chejerla __knowledge__ Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%.", "Chejerla __knowledge__ Chejerla has an average literacy rate of 65.89%, less than the Andhra pradesh average of 67.02%: male literacy is 74%, and female literacy is 57%.", "Chejerla __knowledge__ Chejerla is located at .", "Chejerla __knowledge__ It has an average elevation of 48 meters (160 feet).", "Mohabbat Ki Aakhri Kahaani __knowledge__ Mohabbat Ki Aakhri Kahaani is an upcoming Pakistani short film directed by Siraj-ul-Haque as part of the Zeal For Unity festival in 2016.", "Mohabbat Ki Aakhri Kahaani __knowledge__ It has Ahsan Khan and Saba Qamar as lead roles and is written by Zafar Meraj.", "Mohabbat Ki Aakhri Kahaani __knowledge__ The short film is being produced by Zee TV Production.", "Mohabbat Ki Aakhri Kahaani __knowledge__ Mohabbat Ki Aakhri Kahaani' is the story of Jamal and Nigar, modern day Romeo and Juliet frequenting a village haveli where they have been listening to folklore love tales since childhood.", "Mohabbat Ki Aakhri Kahaani __knowledge__ When Jamal & Nigar take the decision of being together, they aren't accepted as loves and are opposed by the same person who taught them lessons of love." ] ]

[ 1, 4, 6 ]

[ "I love hiking, it means to take a vigorous walk in the country side. ", "In Australia they call hiking bushwacking!", "Hiking is popular world wide and is touted for its health benifits. " ]

[ "Hiking", "Hiking", "Hiking" ]

[ "Walt Disney World", "What happens there?", "Where is it located?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Walt Disney World __knowledge__ Walt Disney World, officially known as the Walt Disney World Resort, is an entertainment complex in Bay Lake and Lake Buena Vista, Florida, near Orlando and Kissimmee, Florida.", "Walt Disney World __knowledge__ Opened on October 1, 1971, the resort is owned and operated by Walt Disney Parks and Resorts, a division of The Walt Disney Company.", "Walt Disney World __knowledge__ It was initially operated by Walt Disney World Company.", "Walt Disney World __knowledge__ The property covers , featuring four theme parks, two water parks, twenty-seven themed resort hotels, nine non–Disney hotels, several golf courses, a camping resort, and other entertainment venues, including the outdoor shopping centre Disney Springs.", "Walt Disney World __knowledge__ Designed to supplement Disneyland in Anaheim, California, which had opened in 1955, the complex was developed by Walt Disney in the 1960s.", "Walt Disney World __knowledge__ \"The Florida Project\", as it was known, was intended to present a distinct vision with its own diverse set of attractions.", "Walt Disney World __knowledge__ Walt Disney's original plans also called for the inclusion of an \"Experimental Prototype Community of Tomorrow\" (EPCOT), a planned community intended to serve as a test bed for new city living innovations.", "Walt Disney World __knowledge__ After extensive lobbying, the Government of Florida created the Reedy Creek Improvement District, a special government district that essentially gave The Walt Disney Company the standard powers and autonomy of an incorporated city." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Walt Disney World __knowledge__ Walt Disney World, officially known as the Walt Disney World Resort, is an entertainment complex in Bay Lake and Lake Buena Vista, Florida, near Orlando and Kissimmee, Florida.", "Walt Disney World __knowledge__ Opened on October 1, 1971, the resort is owned and operated by Walt Disney Parks and Resorts, a division of The Walt Disney Company.", "Walt Disney World __knowledge__ It was initially operated by Walt Disney World Company.", "Walt Disney World __knowledge__ The property covers , featuring four theme parks, two water parks, twenty-seven themed resort hotels, nine non–Disney hotels, several golf courses, a camping resort, and other entertainment venues, including the outdoor shopping centre Disney Springs.", "Walt Disney World __knowledge__ Designed to supplement Disneyland in Anaheim, California, which had opened in 1955, the complex was developed by Walt Disney in the 1960s.", "Walt Disney World __knowledge__ \"The Florida Project\", as it was known, was intended to present a distinct vision with its own diverse set of attractions.", "Walt Disney World __knowledge__ Walt Disney's original plans also called for the inclusion of an \"Experimental Prototype Community of Tomorrow\" (EPCOT), a planned community intended to serve as a test bed for new city living innovations.", "Walt Disney World __knowledge__ After extensive lobbying, the Government of Florida created the Reedy Creek Improvement District, a special government district that essentially gave The Walt Disney Company the standard powers and autonomy of an incorporated city.", "Til It Happens to You __knowledge__ \"Til It Happens to You\" is a song produced and performed by American singer Lady Gaga.", "Til It Happens to You __knowledge__ She co-wrote the song with Diane Warren for the 2015 documentary film \"The Hunting Ground\", which deals with campus rape in the United States.", "Til It Happens to You __knowledge__ The song had leaked onto the Internet through an unofficial recording made at the film's premiere at the 2015 Sundance Film Festival.", "Til It Happens to You __knowledge__ It was later released by Interscope Records to digital retailers on September 18, 2015.", "Til It Happens to You __knowledge__ The director and producer of the film had looked for someone influential to write a song for it, and music supervisor Bonnie Greenberg contacted Warren who was interested.", "As It Happens __knowledge__ As It Happens is a Canadian interview show that airs on CBC Radio One in Canada and various public radio stations in the United States through Public Radio International.", "As It Happens __knowledge__ Its 40th anniversary was celebrated on-air on 18 November 2008.", "As It Happens __knowledge__ It has been one of the most popular and acclaimed shows on CBC Radio.", "As It Happens __knowledge__ The bulk of the program consists of one of the co-hosts, currently Carol Off, conducting telephone interviews with newsmakers and other persons of interest.", "As It Happens __knowledge__ The other co-host, currently Jeff Douglas, introduces the interviews and other segments, such as \"For the Record\" recordings of speeches or press conferences, and musical interludes (or as former co-host Barbara Budd often referred to them, \"the dance portion of the program\").", "Higgs boson __knowledge__ The Higgs boson is an elementary particle in the Standard Model of particle physics.", "Higgs boson __knowledge__ First suspected to exist in the 1960s, it is the quantum excitation of the Higgs field, a fundamental field of crucial importance to particle physics theory.", "Higgs boson __knowledge__ Unlike other known fields such as the electromagnetic field, it has a non-zero constant value in vacuum.", "Higgs boson __knowledge__ The question of the existence of the Higgs field became the last unverified part of the Standard Model of particle physics, and for several decades, was considered \"the central problem in particle physics\".", "Higgs boson __knowledge__ The presence of the field, now confirmed by experimental investigation, explains why some fundamental particles have mass when, based on the symmetries controlling their interactions, they should be massless.", "R&amp;R Partners __knowledge__ R&R Partners is an American advertising, marketing, public relations, and public affairs firm based in Las Vegas, Nevada.", "R&amp;R Partners __knowledge__ They are best known for creating the ad campaign \"What Happens Here, Stays Here,\" for the Las Vegas Convention and Visitors Authority (LVCVA).", "R&amp;R Partners __knowledge__ Other major clients have included Boeing, Busch Gardens, Caesars Entertainment, RE/MAX, MGM Resorts International, the Partnership for Drug-Free Kids, Western Digital, Norwegian Cruise Lines, and many more.", "R&amp;R Partners __knowledge__ R&R maintains domestic and international clients through its headquarters in Las Vegas, and eight locations in (Austin, Texas; Denver, Colorado; Los Angeles, California; Phoenix, Arizona; Reno, Nevada; Salt Lake City, Utah; and Washington, D.C.); Mexico (Mexico City).", "Everything That Happens Will Happen Today __knowledge__ Everything That Happens Will Happen Today is the second album made in collaboration between David Byrne and Brian Eno, released on August 18, 2008, by Todo Mundo.", "Everything That Happens Will Happen Today __knowledge__ The album explores themes of humanity versus technology and optimism in spite of bleak circumstance through the blending of electronic and gospel music.", "Everything That Happens Will Happen Today __knowledge__ Critical reception was largely positive and the album received awards for both the musical content as well as the packaging and technical production.", "Everything That Happens Will Happen Today __knowledge__ This album is the first joint effort between the two musicians since 1981's \"My Life in the Bush of Ghosts\" and Eno's work producing and co-writing with Talking Heads.", "It Happens __knowledge__ \"It Happens\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music duo Sugarland.", "It Happens __knowledge__ It was released in February 2009 as the third single from their album \"Love on the Inside\".", "It Happens __knowledge__ The duo's members, Jennifer Nettles and Kristian Bush, wrote the song along with Bobby Pinson, with whom the duo also co-wrote the album's first two singles, \"All I Want to Do\" and \"Already Gone\".", "It Happens __knowledge__ \"It Happens\" is an up-tempo accompanied by steel-string acoustic guitar and electric guitar.", "It Happens __knowledge__ In it, the female narrator (Jennifer Nettles, the duo's lead singer) tells of oversleeping and coming to work late.", "It Happens __knowledge__ She borrows her neighbor's car to drive to \"Wally World\" in the second verse, and is involved in an accident with her ex and his new girlfriend.", "Dragon protocol __knowledge__ The Dragon Protocol is an update based cache coherence protocol used in multi-processor systems.", "Dragon protocol __knowledge__ Write propagation is performed by directly updating all the cached values across multiple processors.", "Dragon protocol __knowledge__ Update based protocols such as the Dragon protocol perform efficiently when a write to a cache block is followed by several reads made by other processors, since the updated cache block is readily available across caches associated with all the processors.", "Dragon protocol __knowledge__ Each cache block resides in one of the four states: exclusive-clean, shared-clean, shared-modified and modify.", "Dragon protocol __knowledge__ For any given pair of caches, the permitted states of a given cache block in conjunction with the states of the other cache's states, are as follows (the states abbreviated in the order above): There are 4 processor transactions and 2 bus transactions.", "Walt Disney Parks and Resorts __knowledge__ Walt Disney Parks and Resorts, officially Walt Disney Parks and Resorts Worldwide, Inc. and informally known as Disney Parks, is one of The Walt Disney Company's four major business segments and a subsidiary.", "Walt Disney Parks and Resorts __knowledge__ The company is responsible for the conception, building, and managing of its theme parks and vacation resorts, as well as a variety of family-oriented leisure enterprises.", "Walt Disney Parks and Resorts __knowledge__ It was founded in 1971, following the opening of Magic Kingdom at Walt Disney World in Florida.", "Walt Disney Parks and Resorts __knowledge__ Originally, the company was known as Walt Disney Outdoor Recreation Division and later as Walt Disney Attractions.", "Walt Disney Parks and Resorts __knowledge__ The chairman of Walt Disney Parks and Resorts is Bob Chapek, formerly president of Disney Consumer Products.", "The Walt Disney Company __knowledge__ The Walt Disney Company, commonly known as Disney, is an American diversified multinational mass media and entertainment conglomerate, headquartered at the Walt Disney Studios in Burbank, California.", "The Walt Disney Company __knowledge__ It is the world's second largest media conglomerate in terms of revenue, after Comcast.", "The Walt Disney Company __knowledge__ Disney was founded on October 16, 1923 – by brothers Walt Disney and Roy O. Disney – as the Disney Brothers Cartoon Studio, and established itself as a leader in the American animation industry before diversifying into live-action film production, television, and theme parks.", "The Walt Disney Company __knowledge__ The company also operated under the names The Walt Disney Studio and then Walt Disney Productions.", "EPCOT (concept) __knowledge__ The Experimental Prototype Community of Tomorrow (EPCOT) was an unfinished concept developed by Walt Disney.", "EPCOT (concept) __knowledge__ Its purpose was to be a \"real city that would 'never cease to be a blueprint of the future,'\" designed to stimulate American industry to develop new ideas for urban living.", "EPCOT (concept) __knowledge__ The city was planned to be a company town.", "EPCOT (concept) __knowledge__ The \"EPCOT idea\" was part of Walt Disney's original plan for the property purchased near Orlando, Florida.", "EPCOT (concept) __knowledge__ After his death in 1966, the property became the Walt Disney World Resort in 1971 and a theme park based on the idea opened in 1982.", "EPCOT (concept) __knowledge__ A portion of the original architectural model of the concept is on display on the Tomorrowland Transit Authority PeopleMover, located in Tomorrowland at the Magic Kingdom.", "Walt Disney's Carousel of Progress __knowledge__ Walt Disney's Carousel of Progress is an attraction located at the Magic Kingdom park at the Walt Disney World Resort.", "Walt Disney's Carousel of Progress __knowledge__ Created by both Walt Disney and WED Enterprises as the prime feature of the General Electric (GE) Pavilion for the 1964 New York World's Fair, the attraction was moved to Tomorrowland at Disneyland in Anaheim, California as Carousel of Progress, remaining there from 1967 until 1973.", "Walt Disney's Carousel of Progress __knowledge__ It was replaced in Disneyland by America Sings in 1974, and reopened in its present home in Walt Disney World Resort's Magic Kingdom in 1975.", "Walt Disney's Carousel of Progress __knowledge__ Steeped in both nostalgia and (in the past) futurism, the attraction's premise is an exploration of the joys of living through the advent of electricity and other technological advances during the 20th century via a \"typical\" American family.", "Criticism of The Walt Disney Company __knowledge__ The Walt Disney Company's media releases and company practices have prompted action from activists, artists, and causes around the world.", "Criticism of The Walt Disney Company __knowledge__ In 1977, Roy E. Disney, the son of Disney co-founder Roy O. Disney and nephew of Walt Disney, resigned as an executive due to disagreements with his colleagues' decisions at the time.", "Criticism of The Walt Disney Company __knowledge__ As he claimed later, \"I just felt creatively the company was not going anywhere interesting.", "Criticism of The Walt Disney Company __knowledge__ It was very stifling.\"", "Criticism of The Walt Disney Company __knowledge__ However he retained a seat on the board of directors.", "Criticism of The Walt Disney Company __knowledge__ His resignation from the board in 1984, which occurred in the midst of a corporate takeover battle, was the beginning of a series of developments that led to the replacement of company president and CEO Ronald William Miller (married to Walt's daughter Diane Marie Disney) by Michael Eisner and Frank Wells.", "Walt Disney Animation Studios __knowledge__ Walt Disney Animation Studios (WDAS), also referred to as Disney Animation, headquartered at the Walt Disney Studios in Burbank, California, is an American animation studio that creates animated feature films, short films, and television specials for The Walt Disney Company.", "Walt Disney Animation Studios __knowledge__ Founded on October 16, 1923, it is a division of The Walt Disney Studios.", "Walt Disney Animation Studios __knowledge__ The studio has produced 56 feature films, from \"Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs\" (1937) to \"Moana\" (2016).", "Walt Disney Animation Studios __knowledge__ It was founded as the Disney Brothers Cartoon Studio in 1923 and incorporated as Walt Disney Productions in 1929.", "Walt Disney Animation Studios __knowledge__ The studio was exclusively dedicated to producing short films until it expanded into feature production in 1934." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Walt Disney World __knowledge__ Walt Disney World, officially known as the Walt Disney World Resort, is an entertainment complex in Bay Lake and Lake Buena Vista, Florida, near Orlando and Kissimmee, Florida.", "Walt Disney World __knowledge__ Opened on October 1, 1971, the resort is owned and operated by Walt Disney Parks and Resorts, a division of The Walt Disney Company.", "Walt Disney World __knowledge__ It was initially operated by Walt Disney World Company.", "Walt Disney World __knowledge__ The property covers , featuring four theme parks, two water parks, twenty-seven themed resort hotels, nine non–Disney hotels, several golf courses, a camping resort, and other entertainment venues, including the outdoor shopping centre Disney Springs.", "Walt Disney World __knowledge__ Designed to supplement Disneyland in Anaheim, California, which had opened in 1955, the complex was developed by Walt Disney in the 1960s.", "Walt Disney World __knowledge__ \"The Florida Project\", as it was known, was intended to present a distinct vision with its own diverse set of attractions.", "Walt Disney World __knowledge__ Walt Disney's original plans also called for the inclusion of an \"Experimental Prototype Community of Tomorrow\" (EPCOT), a planned community intended to serve as a test bed for new city living innovations.", "Walt Disney World __knowledge__ After extensive lobbying, the Government of Florida created the Reedy Creek Improvement District, a special government district that essentially gave The Walt Disney Company the standard powers and autonomy of an incorporated city.", "Industry in Syracuse, New York __knowledge__ Manufacturing and industry in Syracuse, New York proliferated from the late 1870s through the early 20th century, a period known as the Industrial Revolution.", "Industry in Syracuse, New York __knowledge__ The Central New York area was home to a multitude of manufacturers in the late 19th century through the mid-1960s which produced a great era of prosperity for the city.", "Industry in Syracuse, New York __knowledge__ During the early 1900s, some 87 large industries were scattered throughout the city of Syracuse.", "Industry in Syracuse, New York __knowledge__ The principal businesses were located along Erie Boulevard and the city line and around the shore of Onondaga Lake and manufactured goods such as typewriters, candles, pottery, gears, electrical and air-conditioning equipment, traffic signals, plated silverware, window fixtures for trains, cast stone building blocks, clothes-pressing machines, and doorknobs.", "Fictional locations in Thomas &amp; Friends __knowledge__ The television series \"Thomas & Friends\" is mostly set on the fictional Island of Sodor.", "Fictional locations in Thomas &amp; Friends __knowledge__ The children's books the series is based on, The Railway Series by Rev.", "Fictional locations in Thomas &amp; Friends __knowledge__ W. Awdry and his son Christopher features a slightly different set of locations.", "Fictional locations in Thomas &amp; Friends __knowledge__ This lists each and every town and local village located across the Island of Sodor, served by the standard gauge North Western, the narrow gauge Skarloey and the 15-inch gauge Arlesdale Railways, respectively.", "Fictional locations in Thomas &amp; Friends __knowledge__ Abbey Station is located on the Peel Godred Branch Line.", "Fictional locations in Thomas &amp; Friends __knowledge__ Arlesburgh is an ancient seaside town, located upon both sides of River Arle Estuary on the west coast of the Island of Sodor, along Duck's Branch Line - The Little Western, between Bluff's Cove and Harwick.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (2700–2799) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Roads in Texas are owned and maintained by the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT).", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (2700–2799) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 2700 (or FM 2700) is located entirely in Callahan County.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (2700–2799) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 2701 (or FM 2701) is located in Knox and Haskell counties.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (2700–2799) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 2702 (or FM 2702) is located entirely in Jones County.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (2700–2799) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 2703 (or FM 2703) is located entirely in Jones County.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (2700–2799) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 2704 (or FM 2704) is a former highway that was located entirely in Bosque County.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (2700–2799) __knowledge__ No highway currently uses the FM 2704 designation.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (2700–2799) __knowledge__ FM 2704 was designated on September 20, 1961, running from FM 56 north of Valley Mills eastward to a county road.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1000–1099) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Roads in Texas are owned and maintained by the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT).", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1000–1099) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 1001 (or FM 1001) is located entirely in Titus County.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1000–1099) __knowledge__ FM 1001 begins at an intersection with US 67/Farm to Market Road 2348 just east of Mount Pleasant.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1000–1099) __knowledge__ The highway travels in a northeast direction and crosses I-30 before entering Argo.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1000–1099) __knowledge__ After leaving Argo, FM 1001 turns east and ends at an intersection with FM 1993/County Road 3425.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1000–1099) __knowledge__ FM 1001 was designated on November 23, 1948, running from US 67 to Argo.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1000–1099) __knowledge__ The highway was extended to its current terminus at FM 1993 on October 29, 1953.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1500–1599) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Roads in Texas are owned and maintained by the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT).", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1500–1599) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 1500 (or FM 1500) is located entirely in Lamar County.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1500–1599) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 1501 (or FM 1501) is located entirely in Lamar County.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1500–1599) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 1502 (or FM 1502) is located entirely in Lamar County.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1500–1599) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 1503 (or FM 1503) is located entirely in Lamar County.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1500–1599) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 1504 (or FM 1504) is located entirely in Van Zandt County.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1500–1599) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 1505 (or FM 1505) is located entirely in El Paso County.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1500–1599) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 1506 (or FM 1506) is located entirely in Lamar County.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1600–1699) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Roads in Texas are owned and maintained by the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT).", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1600–1699) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 1600 (or FM 1600) is located entirely in Milam County.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1600–1699) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 1601 (or FM 1601) is located in Ector and Crane counties.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1600–1699) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 1602 (or FM 1602) is located entirely in Hamilton County.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1600–1699) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 1603 (or FM 1603) is located entirely in Navarro County.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1600–1699) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 1604 (or FM 1604) was designated on November 7, 1980 on its current route as a renumbering of the FM 308 spur connection in Irene.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1600–1699) __knowledge__ The road was not signed until very recently, as parts of the old FM 1604 may have still been signed.", "Augusta, Ontario __knowledge__ Augusta Township is a township in the United Counties of Leeds and Grenville; located in eastern Ontario, Canada.", "Augusta, Ontario __knowledge__ Augusta is situated along the Saint Lawrence River, and extends back into rural hamlets.", "Augusta, Ontario __knowledge__ The township is located between the city of Brockville to the west, and the town of Prescott to the east.", "Augusta, Ontario __knowledge__ The hamlets and villages within Augusta were established prior to the 1900s; primarily by the United Empire Loyalists.", "Augusta, Ontario __knowledge__ There are plenty of buildings and homes still standing in the township today that were built by early settlers; many of these historic homes are even still occupied by direct descendants of the first settlers.", "Jurassic World __knowledge__ Jurassic World is a 2015 American science fiction adventure film, the first film in the sequel trilogy and the fourth installment of the \"Jurassic Park\" series.", "Jurassic World __knowledge__ The film was directed and co-written by Colin Trevorrow, produced by Frank Marshall and Patrick Crowley, and stars Chris Pratt and Bryce Dallas Howard.", "Jurassic World __knowledge__ The production companies were Steven Spielberg's Amblin Entertainment, also responsible for the rest of the \"Jurassic Park\" franchise, and Thomas Tull's Legendary Pictures.", "Jurassic World __knowledge__ Set 22 years after the events of \"Jurassic Park\", \"Jurassic World\" takes place on the same fictional Central American island of Isla Nublar, off the Pacific coast of Costa Rica, where a theme park populated with cloned dinosaurs has operated for ten years.", "Walt Disney Parks and Resorts __knowledge__ Walt Disney Parks and Resorts, officially Walt Disney Parks and Resorts Worldwide, Inc. and informally known as Disney Parks, is one of The Walt Disney Company's four major business segments and a subsidiary.", "Walt Disney Parks and Resorts __knowledge__ The company is responsible for the conception, building, and managing of its theme parks and vacation resorts, as well as a variety of family-oriented leisure enterprises.", "Walt Disney Parks and Resorts __knowledge__ It was founded in 1971, following the opening of Magic Kingdom at Walt Disney World in Florida.", "Walt Disney Parks and Resorts __knowledge__ Originally, the company was known as Walt Disney Outdoor Recreation Division and later as Walt Disney Attractions.", "Walt Disney Parks and Resorts __knowledge__ The chairman of Walt Disney Parks and Resorts is Bob Chapek, formerly president of Disney Consumer Products.", "Theme Park World __knowledge__ Theme Park World, also known as Theme Park 2, and in North America as Sim Theme Park, is a 1999 construction and management simulation game developed by Bullfrog Productions and released by Electronic Arts.", "Theme Park World __knowledge__ The direct sequel to \"Theme Park\" (\"Theme Hospital\" and \"Theme Aquarium\" are thematic sequels), the player constructs and manages an amusement park with the aim of making profit and keeping visitors happy.", "Theme Park World __knowledge__ Initially developed for Windows, it was ported to PlayStation and PlayStation 2 (whose version was titled Theme Park Roller Coaster in North America), as well for Macintosh computers.", "Theme Park World __knowledge__ The Mac version was published by Feral Interactive.", "Alton Towers __knowledge__ Alton Towers Resort, often shortened to Alton Towers, is a theme park resort located in Staffordshire, England, near the village of Alton.", "Alton Towers __knowledge__ The resort, which is operated by Merlin Entertainments Group, incorporates a theme park, water park, mini golf and hotel complex.", "Alton Towers __knowledge__ Originally a private estate, Alton Towers grounds opened to the public in 1860 to raise funds for the estate.", "Alton Towers __knowledge__ In the late 20th century it was transformed into a theme park and opened a number of new rides from 1980 onwards.", "Alton Towers __knowledge__ In 2016 it was the second most visited theme park in the UK after Legoland Windsor.", "Alton Towers __knowledge__ The park operates six major roller coasters; Galactica, Nemesis, Oblivion, Rita, Thirteen, The Smiler and a seventh - Wicker Man - is scheduled to open for the 2018 season.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of supporting characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ is a fictional character in the anime \"Tenchi Muyo!\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ OVA In the OVA, Katsuhito, also known as , fled Jurai over 700 years ago to \"retire\" on Earth.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ He was once the greatest swordsman on Jurai.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ Currently Katsuhito is a Shinto priest who is not only training Tenchi to be a Shinto priest but also training him in Jurai swordsmanship.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ Yōshō had a marriage arranged with half-sister Ayeka, but left.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ At the time, not all Juraians liked the idea of mixed blood heritages (he is part human, on his mother's side) and he used Ryōko's attack as an excuse to slip away to Earth.", "Opryland USA __knowledge__ Opryland USA (later called Opryland Themepark and colloquially referred to simply as Opryland) was an amusement park in suburban Nashville, Tennessee.", "Opryland USA __knowledge__ It operated seasonally (generally March to October) from 1972 to 1997, and for a special Christmas-themed engagement every December from 1993 to 1997.", "Opryland USA __knowledge__ During the late 1980s, nearly 2.5 million people visited the park annually.", "Opryland USA __knowledge__ Billed as the \"Home of American Music,\" Opryland USA featured a large number of musical shows along with typical amusement park rides such as roller coasters, carousels, and the like.", "Opryland USA __knowledge__ The genesis for a theme park in Nashville was the desire for a new, permanent, larger and more modern home for the long-running \"Grand Ole Opry\" radio program.", "Disneyland Paris __knowledge__ Disneyland Paris, originally Euro Disney Resort, is an entertainment resort in Marne-la-Vallée, a new town located east of the centre of Paris, and is the most visited theme park in all of Europe.", "Disneyland Paris __knowledge__ It is owned by The Walt Disney Company through subsidiary Euro Disney S.C.A.", "Disneyland Paris __knowledge__ The resort covers and encompasses two theme parks, many resort hotels, a shopping, dining, and entertainment complex, and a golf course, in addition to several additional recreational and entertainment venues.", "Disneyland Paris __knowledge__ Disneyland Park is the original theme park of the complex, opening with the resort on 12 April 1992.", "Disneyland Paris __knowledge__ A second theme park, Walt Disney Studios Park, opened in 2002." ] ]

[ 1, 4, 1 ]

[ "One place I've always wanted to go is Walt Disney World.", "Well, many things. It's like a big theme park, it has lots of other entertainment too.", "It is located in Florida, around Orlando. " ]

[ "Walt Disney World", "Walt Disney World", "Walt Disney World" ]

[ "Rum and Coke\nI drank a lot of Rum and coke last night. I think it is my favorite drink now!", "I like Bacardi. It is not so expensive. Do you know anything interesting about Rum?", "Yeah, I can imagine! I have been around it since I was a baby. Not actually drinking since I was a baby, lol. But it has been in my house growing up. What else do you know about it?", "They know what they are doing! I knew there was a reason it was my rum of choice.", "These are all such interesting fact. I am liking them more and more. I wonder if they are hiring? lol" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Rum and Coke __knowledge__ Rum and Coke, or a Cuba Libre (; , \"Free Cuba\" libre here an adjective, not a verb), is a highball cocktail consisting of cola, rum, and traditionally lime juice on ice.", "Rum and Coke __knowledge__ The cocktail originated in the early 20th century in Cuba, after the country won independence in the Spanish–American War.", "Rum and Coke __knowledge__ It quickly became popular across Cuba and in many other countries, and has been one of the world's most popular alcoholic drinks.", "Rum and Coke __knowledge__ Traditionally, the cola ingredient is Coca-Cola (\"Coke\"), and the alcohol is a Cuban light rum such as Bacardi.", "Rum and Coke __knowledge__ However, the drink may be made with various types of rums and cola brands, and lime juice may or may not be included.", "Rum and Coke __knowledge__ The drink was created in Cuba in the early 1900s, but its exact origins are not known with certainty.", "Rum and Coke __knowledge__ It became popular shortly after 1900, when bottled Coca-Cola was first imported into Cuba from the United States.", "Rum and Coke __knowledge__ It is associated with the heavy U.S. presence in Cuba following the Spanish–American War of 1898; the drink's traditional name, \"Cuba Libre\" (Free Cuba), was the slogan of the Cuban independence movement.", "Rum and Coke __knowledge__ The Cuba Libre is sometimes said to have been created during the Spanish-American War.", "Rum and Coke __knowledge__ However, this predates the first distribution of Coca-Cola to Cuba in 1900.", "History of alcoholic drinks __knowledge__ Purposeful production of alcoholic drinks is common and often reflects cultural and religious peculiarities as much as geographical and sociological conditions.", "History of alcoholic drinks __knowledge__ Discovery of late Stone Age jugs suggest that intentionally fermented beverages existed at least as early as the Neolithic period (c. 10000 BC).", "History of alcoholic drinks __knowledge__ Chemical analysis of jars from the neolithic village Jiahu in the Henan province of northern China revealed traces of alcohol that were absorbed and preserved.", "History of alcoholic drinks __knowledge__ According to a study published in the \"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences\", chemical analysis of the residue confirmed that a fermented drink made of grapes, hawthorn berries, honey, and rice was being produced in 7000–6650 BC.", "Coca-Cola __knowledge__ Coca-Cola, or Coke, is a carbonated soft drink produced by The Coca-Cola Company.", "Coca-Cola __knowledge__ Originally intended as a patent medicine, it was invented in the late 19th century by John Pemberton and was bought out by businessman Asa Griggs Candler, whose marketing tactics led Coca-Cola to its dominance of the world soft-drink market throughout the 20th century.", "Coca-Cola __knowledge__ The drink's name refers to two of its original ingredients, which were kola nuts (a source of caffeine) and coca leaves.", "Coca-Cola __knowledge__ The current formula of Coca-Cola remains a trade secret, although a variety of reported recipes and experimental recreations have been published.", "New Coke __knowledge__ New Coke was the unofficial name for the reformulation of Coca-Cola introduced in April 1985 by the Coca-Cola Company to replace the original formula of its flagship soft drink, Coca-Cola (also called Coke).", "New Coke __knowledge__ New Coke originally had no separate name of its own but was simply known as \"the new taste of Coca-Cola\" until 1992, when it was renamed Coke Ⅱ. Coca-Cola's market share had been losing ground to diet soft drinks and non-cola beverages for many years.", "New Coke __knowledge__ Consumers who were purchasing regular colas seemed to prefer the sweeter taste of rival Pepsi-Cola, as Coca-Cola learned in conducting blind taste tests.", "Eggnog __knowledge__ Eggnog , egg nog or egg-nog, historically also known (when alcoholic beverages are added) as milk punch or egg milk punch, is a rich, chilled, sweetened, dairy-based beverage.", "Eggnog __knowledge__ It is traditionally made with milk, cream, sugar, whipped egg whites, and egg yolks (which gives it a frothy texture, and its name).", "Eggnog __knowledge__ In some contexts, distilled spirits such as brandy, rum, whisky or bourbon are added to the drink.", "Eggnog __knowledge__ Throughout Canada and the United States, eggnog is traditionally consumed over Christmas season every year, from late November until the end of the holiday season.", "Eggnog __knowledge__ Eggnog has also gained popularity in Australia.", "Rum __knowledge__ Rum is a distilled alcoholic beverage made from sugarcane byproducts, such as molasses or honeys, or directly from sugarcane juice, by a process of fermentation and distillation.", "Rum __knowledge__ The distillate, a clear liquid, is then usually aged in oak barrels.", "Rum __knowledge__ The majority of the world's rum production occurs in the Caribbean and Latin America.", "Rum __knowledge__ Rum is also produced in Scotland, Austria, Spain, Australia, New Zealand, Fiji, the Philippines, Reunion Island, Mauritius, South Africa, Taiwan, Thailand, Japan, the United States, Canada, India, and Nepal.", "Rum __knowledge__ Rums are produced in various grades.", "Rum __knowledge__ Light rums are commonly used in cocktails, whereas \"golden\" and \"dark\" rums were typically consumed straight or neat, on the rocks, or used for cooking, but are now commonly consumed with mixers.", "Soft drink __knowledge__ A soft drink (see terminology for other names) is a drink that typically contains carbonated water (although lemonade, among others, is usually not carbonated), a sweetener, and a natural or artificial flavoring.", "Soft drink __knowledge__ The sweetener may be sugar, high-fructose corn syrup, fruit juice, sugar substitutes (in the case of diet drinks), or some combination of these.", "Soft drink __knowledge__ Soft drinks may also contain caffeine, colorings, preservatives, and other ingredients.", "Soft drink __knowledge__ Soft drinks are called \"soft\" in contrast with \"hard\" alcoholic beverages.", "Soft drink __knowledge__ Small amounts of alcohol may be present in a soft drink, but the alcohol content must be less than 0.5% of the total volume if the drink is to be considered non-alcoholic." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Rum and Coke __knowledge__ Rum and Coke, or a Cuba Libre (; , \"Free Cuba\" libre here an adjective, not a verb), is a highball cocktail consisting of cola, rum, and traditionally lime juice on ice.", "Rum and Coke __knowledge__ The cocktail originated in the early 20th century in Cuba, after the country won independence in the Spanish–American War.", "Rum and Coke __knowledge__ It quickly became popular across Cuba and in many other countries, and has been one of the world's most popular alcoholic drinks.", "Rum and Coke __knowledge__ Traditionally, the cola ingredient is Coca-Cola (\"Coke\"), and the alcohol is a Cuban light rum such as Bacardi.", "Rum and Coke __knowledge__ However, the drink may be made with various types of rums and cola brands, and lime juice may or may not be included.", "Rum and Coke __knowledge__ The drink was created in Cuba in the early 1900s, but its exact origins are not known with certainty.", "Rum and Coke __knowledge__ It became popular shortly after 1900, when bottled Coca-Cola was first imported into Cuba from the United States.", "Rum and Coke __knowledge__ It is associated with the heavy U.S. presence in Cuba following the Spanish–American War of 1898; the drink's traditional name, \"Cuba Libre\" (Free Cuba), was the slogan of the Cuban independence movement.", "Rum and Coke __knowledge__ The Cuba Libre is sometimes said to have been created during the Spanish-American War.", "Rum and Coke __knowledge__ However, this predates the first distribution of Coca-Cola to Cuba in 1900.", "Bacardi __knowledge__ Bacardi Limited ( ; ; ) is the largest privately held, family-owned spirits company in the world.", "Bacardi __knowledge__ Originally known for its eponymous Bacardi white rum, it now has a portfolio of more than 200 brands and labels.", "Bacardi __knowledge__ Founded in 1862, and family-owned for seven generations, Bacardi employs 6,000 people, manufactures at 29 facilities in 16 markets on four continents, with sales in more than 150 countries.", "Bacardi __knowledge__ Bacardi Limited refers to the Bacardi group of companies, including Bacardi International Limited.", "Bacardi __knowledge__ The company sells in excess of 200 million bottles per year.", "Bacardi __knowledge__ The company's sales in 2007 were US$5.5 billion, up from $4.9 billion in 2006.", "Havana Club __knowledge__ Havana Club is a brand of rum created in Cuba in 1934, and now one of the best-selling rum brands in the world.", "Havana Club __knowledge__ Originally produced in Cardenas, Cuba by family-owned Jose Arechabala S.A., the brand was nationalized after the Cuban Revolution of 1959.", "Havana Club __knowledge__ Since 1994 it has been produced in Cuba and sold globally (except the United States) by Havana Club International, a 50:50 joint venture between Pernod Ricard and the Cuban government.", "Havana Club __knowledge__ Bacardi also produces a competing product with the same name in Puerto Rico, sold only in the United States.", "Havana Club __knowledge__ The two companies have engaged in ongoing litigation about ownership of the brand.", "Rum __knowledge__ Rum is a distilled alcoholic beverage made from sugarcane byproducts, such as molasses or honeys, or directly from sugarcane juice, by a process of fermentation and distillation.", "Rum __knowledge__ The distillate, a clear liquid, is then usually aged in oak barrels.", "Rum __knowledge__ The majority of the world's rum production occurs in the Caribbean and Latin America.", "Rum __knowledge__ Rum is also produced in Scotland, Austria, Spain, Australia, New Zealand, Fiji, the Philippines, Reunion Island, Mauritius, South Africa, Taiwan, Thailand, Japan, the United States, Canada, India, and Nepal.", "Rum __knowledge__ Rums are produced in various grades.", "Rum __knowledge__ Light rums are commonly used in cocktails, whereas \"golden\" and \"dark\" rums were typically consumed straight or neat, on the rocks, or used for cooking, but are now commonly consumed with mixers.", "McDowell's No.1 Celebration __knowledge__ McDowell's No.1 Celebration also known as Celebration Rum, is a rum manufactured by United Spirits Limited of India.", "McDowell's No.1 Celebration __knowledge__ In 2009, it was among world's top 3 best selling rum brands.", "McDowell's No.1 Celebration __knowledge__ In 2013 it overtook Old Monk as largest selling rum of India.", "McDowell's No.1 Celebration __knowledge__ While in 2015 it also overtook Bacardi as world's largest selling rum brand.", "McDowell's No.1 Celebration __knowledge__ McDowell's No.1 Celebration is one of brand under umbrella brand McDowell's No.1 which was introduced by United Spirits Limited in 1963-64 as McDowell's No.1 Brandy.", "McDowell's No.1 Celebration __knowledge__ Celebration Rum was introduced in 1990-91.", "McDowell's No.1 Celebration __knowledge__ Celebration rum has been long term rival of another Indian rum Old Monk.", "McDowell's No.1 Celebration __knowledge__ Rise of Celebration rum is associated with decline in Old Monk.", "Don Q __knowledge__ Don Q is a Puerto Rican rum, distilled, manufactured, bottled, and distributed by Destilería Serrallés from its corporate facility in Ponce, Puerto Rico.", "Don Q __knowledge__ Don Q is the top-selling rum in Puerto Rico, where over 70% of the rum consumed in the United States is produced.", "Don Q __knowledge__ The rum derives its name from Don Quixote, the protagonist in Miguel Cervantes' classic Spanish novel.", "Don Q __knowledge__ The rum is sold internationally, competing against Bacardi for market share.", "Don Q __knowledge__ Available in the United States since June 2009, Don Q continues to outsell Bacardi in Puerto Rico.", "Don Q __knowledge__ The Serrallés family migrated from Catalonia to Puerto Rico in the mid-1830s, and established a sugar cane plantation in the outskirts of Ponce.", "Bacardi 151 __knowledge__ Bacardi 151 is a brand of highly alcoholic rum made by Bacardi Limited of Hamilton, Bermuda.", "Bacardi 151 __knowledge__ It is named for its alcohol proof level of 151, that is, 75.5% alcohol by volume.", "Bacardi 151 __knowledge__ This is much higher than typical rum at 35%–40%.", "Bacardi 151 __knowledge__ Bacardi 151 was sold in the US from at least 1963 until 2016, when its production was discontinued.", "Bacardi 151 __knowledge__ It is still sold in Canada.", "Bacardi 151 __knowledge__ As with all high-alcohol beverages, Bacardi 151 is flammable.", "Bacardi 151 __knowledge__ Bacardi 151 has multiple warnings on the label of the bottle stating that it should not be ignited or exposed to an open flame.", "Bacardi 151 __knowledge__ Bottles are also equipped with a stainless steel flame arrester crimped onto the neck of the bottle to prevent the rum inside the bottle from igniting, in case a consumer ignores the warnings and applies the rum to a source of ignition (e.g.", "Coca-Cola __knowledge__ Coca-Cola, or Coke, is a carbonated soft drink produced by The Coca-Cola Company.", "Coca-Cola __knowledge__ Originally intended as a patent medicine, it was invented in the late 19th century by John Pemberton and was bought out by businessman Asa Griggs Candler, whose marketing tactics led Coca-Cola to its dominance of the world soft-drink market throughout the 20th century.", "Coca-Cola __knowledge__ The drink's name refers to two of its original ingredients, which were kola nuts (a source of caffeine) and coca leaves.", "Coca-Cola __knowledge__ The current formula of Coca-Cola remains a trade secret, although a variety of reported recipes and experimental recreations have been published.", "Criticism of Coca-Cola __knowledge__ Criticism of Coca-Cola dates back to its first ever product, invented by Doctor John Stith-Pemberton in 1886.", "Criticism of Coca-Cola __knowledge__ The Coca-Cola Company is one of the most renowned beverage companies in the world.", "Criticism of Coca-Cola __knowledge__ It owns the majority of the soft drink market around the world, distributing roughly 160 different products.", "Criticism of Coca-Cola __knowledge__ According to \"Forbes Magazine\", Coca-Cola is one of the world's most innovative companies with a net worth of 192.8 billion.", "Criticism of Coca-Cola __knowledge__ Since the early 2000s, the criticisms over the use of Coca-Cola products as well as the company itself, escalated with concerns over health effects, environmental issues, animal testing, economic business practices and employee issues.", "Rum and Coca-Cola __knowledge__ \"Rum and Coca-Cola\" is a popular calypso song composed by Lionel Belasco with lyrics by Lord Invader.", "Rum and Coca-Cola __knowledge__ The song was copyrighted in the United States by entertainer Morey Amsterdam and became a hit in 1945 for the Andrews Sisters, spending ten weeks at the top the \"Billboard\" Pop Singles chart.", "Rum and Coca-Cola __knowledge__ The song was published in the United States with Amsterdam listed as the lyricist and Jeri Sullavan and Paul Baron as musical composers.", "Rum and Coca-Cola __knowledge__ The melody had been previously published as the work of Venezuelan calypso composer Lionel Belasco on a song titled \"L'Année Passée,\" which was in turn based on a folksong from Martinique.", "Coca-Cola Orange __knowledge__ Coca-Cola Orange, in some markets Coca-Cola with Orange, was a variation of Coca-Cola available for a limited time, that was flavoured with orange.", "Coca-Cola Orange __knowledge__ It was introduced in June 2007, in only the United Kingdom and Gibraltar, following the success of the previous year's Coca-Cola Lime, for which 40% of the launch sales represented new customers and increased purchasing.", "Coca-Cola Orange __knowledge__ Coca-Cola Orange was designed to appeal to regular drinkers of Coca Cola, as well as those who prefer the more citrus flavours of Coke with Lemon and Coke with Lime.", "Coca-Cola Orange __knowledge__ The company says that 70% of post trial consumers said that they would \"definitely\" or \"probably\" buy the new drink.", "Coca-Cola Vanilla __knowledge__ Coca-Cola Vanilla (commonly referred to as Vanilla Coke) is a vanilla-flavored version of Coca-Cola, introduced in 2002 but subsequently discontinued in North America and the United Kingdom in 2005, only remaining available as a fountain drink.", "Coca-Cola Vanilla __knowledge__ It was relaunched in the US in 2007, the UK in 2013 and Canada in 2016.", "Coca-Cola Vanilla __knowledge__ Originally announced as a limited edition in the UK, it has since become a permanent flavor due to strong sales.", "Coca-Cola Vanilla __knowledge__ The product has also been distributed in related brands Diet Vanilla Coke and Coke Vanilla Zero.", "Coca-Cola Vanilla __knowledge__ In 2003, Pepsi introduced Pepsi Vanilla to compete with Vanilla Coke.", "Coca-Cola Vanilla __knowledge__ Virgin released their own vanilla cola in 2002 in the UK, the year before Coke released Vanilla Coke there." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Rum and Coke __knowledge__ Rum and Coke, or a Cuba Libre (; , \"Free Cuba\" libre here an adjective, not a verb), is a highball cocktail consisting of cola, rum, and traditionally lime juice on ice.", "Rum and Coke __knowledge__ The cocktail originated in the early 20th century in Cuba, after the country won independence in the Spanish–American War.", "Rum and Coke __knowledge__ It quickly became popular across Cuba and in many other countries, and has been one of the world's most popular alcoholic drinks.", "Rum and Coke __knowledge__ Traditionally, the cola ingredient is Coca-Cola (\"Coke\"), and the alcohol is a Cuban light rum such as Bacardi.", "Rum and Coke __knowledge__ However, the drink may be made with various types of rums and cola brands, and lime juice may or may not be included.", "Rum and Coke __knowledge__ The drink was created in Cuba in the early 1900s, but its exact origins are not known with certainty.", "Rum and Coke __knowledge__ It became popular shortly after 1900, when bottled Coca-Cola was first imported into Cuba from the United States.", "Rum and Coke __knowledge__ It is associated with the heavy U.S. presence in Cuba following the Spanish–American War of 1898; the drink's traditional name, \"Cuba Libre\" (Free Cuba), was the slogan of the Cuban independence movement.", "Rum and Coke __knowledge__ The Cuba Libre is sometimes said to have been created during the Spanish-American War.", "Rum and Coke __knowledge__ However, this predates the first distribution of Coca-Cola to Cuba in 1900.", "Object Process Methodology __knowledge__ OPM was conceived and developed by Dov Dori.", "Object Process Methodology __knowledge__ The ideas underlying OPM were published for the first time in 1995.", "Object Process Methodology __knowledge__ Since then, OPM has evolved and developed.", "Object Process Methodology __knowledge__ In 2002, the first book on OPM was published, and on December 15, 2015, after six years of work by ISO TC184/SC5, ISO adopted OPM as ISO/PAS 19450.", "Object Process Methodology __knowledge__ A second book on OPM was published in 2016.", "Object Process Methodology __knowledge__ Object Process Methodology (OPM) is a conceptual modeling language and methodology for capturing knowledge and designing systems.", "Object Process Methodology __knowledge__ Based on a minimal universal ontology of stateful objects and processes that transform them, OPM can be used to formally specify the function, structure, and behavior of artificial and natural systems in a large variety of domains.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Sex Clark Five __knowledge__ Sex Clark Five (abbreviated SC5) is an underground indie rock band formed in the early 1980s in Huntsville, Alabama.", "Sex Clark Five __knowledge__ Calling their inventive, sawed-off power pop songs \"strum and drum\" (a pun on Sturm und Drang), SC5 released several albums that featured the jangly Rickenbacker guitar sound characteristic of Southern college rock bands of the time, including R.E.M.", "Sex Clark Five __knowledge__ Guitarists James Butler and Rick Storey and drummer Trick McKaha were all friends from Huntsville High School.", "Sex Clark Five __knowledge__ After stints in Kinks cover and pseudo punk bands, the three recruited bassist Joy Johnson.", "Sex Clark Five __knowledge__ Primary singer/songwriter Butler built quirky, catchy melodic hooks around lyrics that often included offbeat European historical references, and wrapped them around rapidly strummed guitars and rave up surf guitar riffs.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Various characters appeared in the sitcom \"Friends\", which aired for ten seasons on NBC from 1994 to 2004.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ It featured six main cast members: Rachel Green (Jennifer Aniston), Phoebe Buffay (Lisa Kudrow), Joey Tribbiani (Matt LeBlanc), Chandler Bing (Matthew Perry), Ross Geller (David Schwimmer) and Monica Geller (Courteney Cox).", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Many celebrities guest starred on the series throughout its ten-year run.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ The main cast members were familiar to television viewers before their roles on \"Friends\", but were not considered to be stars.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Series creator David Crane wanted all six characters to be equally prominent, and the series was lauded as being \"the first true 'ensemble' show\".", "Short Belfast __knowledge__ The Short Belfast (or Shorts Belfast) is a heavy lift turboprop freighter that was built by British manufacturer Short Brothers at Belfast.", "Short Belfast __knowledge__ Only 10 aircraft were constructed, all of which entered service with the Royal Air Force (RAF), who operated it under the designation Short Belfast C.1.", "Short Belfast __knowledge__ Upon its entry into service, the Belfast held the distinction of becoming the largest aircraft that the British military had ever operated up to that time.", "Short Belfast __knowledge__ It was also notable for being the first aircraft to be designed from the onset to be equipped with full 'blind landing' automatic landing system equipment.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters for the British television and radio sketch show \"Little Britain\" (and its American spin-off, \"Little Britain USA\").", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played By: David Walliams Appearances: Season 3 Alan works for the Donkey Hospice in the town of Achingballs.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ After contributors give him some money, he blatantly places stickers on embarrassing body parts, such as the genital region or breasts and on someone's rear in a deleted scene.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ He makes one appearance in Series 3.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played by: David Walliams Episodes: Radio Show; Season 1, episodes 4 and 5 Catchphrase: \"I love you Anne\" and \"I need you Anne\" Peter Andre is a royal BBC correspondent who gets sacked after first making surreal and false claims about the Royal Family (such as Prince Charles having magical powers, describing The Queen as \"The Main One\" and mistaking Princess Eugenie for her mother, Sarah, Duchess of York) and then expressing his love for Princess Anne through song.", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ \"Desperate Housewives\" is an American comedy-drama series that aired on ABC (American Broadcasting Company).", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ It focuses on the residents living on the fictional Wisteria Lane as narrated by their deceased neighbor, Mary Alice Young (Brenda Strong).", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ Specifically, the series follows four protagonists and Mary Alice's friends, Susan Mayer (Teri Hatcher), Lynette Scavo (Felicity Huffman), Bree Van de Kamp (Marcia Cross), and Gabrielle Solis (Eva Longoria).", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ \"Desperate Housewives\" features an ensemble cast, which also includes the women's husbands, children, love interests, neighbors, and other acquaintances.", "Bacardi __knowledge__ Bacardi Limited ( ; ; ) is the largest privately held, family-owned spirits company in the world.", "Bacardi __knowledge__ Originally known for its eponymous Bacardi white rum, it now has a portfolio of more than 200 brands and labels.", "Bacardi __knowledge__ Founded in 1862, and family-owned for seven generations, Bacardi employs 6,000 people, manufactures at 29 facilities in 16 markets on four continents, with sales in more than 150 countries.", "Bacardi __knowledge__ Bacardi Limited refers to the Bacardi group of companies, including Bacardi International Limited.", "Bacardi __knowledge__ The company sells in excess of 200 million bottles per year.", "Bacardi __knowledge__ The company's sales in 2007 were US$5.5 billion, up from $4.9 billion in 2006.", "Selection algorithm __knowledge__ In computer science, a selection algorithm is an algorithm for finding the \"k\"th smallest number in a list or array; such a number is called the \"k\"th \"order statistic\".", "Selection algorithm __knowledge__ This includes the cases of finding the minimum, maximum, and median elements.", "Selection algorithm __knowledge__ There are O(\"n\")-time (worst-case linear time) selection algorithms, and sublinear performance is possible for structured data; in the extreme, O(1) for an array of sorted data.", "Selection algorithm __knowledge__ Selection is a subproblem of more complex problems like the nearest neighbor and shortest path problems.", "Selection algorithm __knowledge__ Many selection algorithms are derived by generalizing a sorting algorithm, and conversely some sorting algorithms can be derived as repeated application of selection.", "Brighton Airport __knowledge__ Brighton Airport is a public use airport located three nautical miles (6 km) north of the central business district of Brighton, in Livingston County, Michigan, United States.", "Brighton Airport __knowledge__ The airport opened in July 1947 and is used primarily for privately owned light recreational aircraft, however it is open to the public.", "Brighton Airport __knowledge__ It is owned by the Brighton Airport Association, a not-for-profit organization, and managed by William Bertrand.", "Brighton Airport __knowledge__ Brighton Airport covers an area of at an elevation of 973 feet (297 m) above mean sea level.", "Brighton Airport __knowledge__ It has one runway designated 4/22 with an asphalt surface measuring 3,120 by 24 feet (951 x 7 m).", "Havana Club __knowledge__ Havana Club is a brand of rum created in Cuba in 1934, and now one of the best-selling rum brands in the world.", "Havana Club __knowledge__ Originally produced in Cardenas, Cuba by family-owned Jose Arechabala S.A., the brand was nationalized after the Cuban Revolution of 1959.", "Havana Club __knowledge__ Since 1994 it has been produced in Cuba and sold globally (except the United States) by Havana Club International, a 50:50 joint venture between Pernod Ricard and the Cuban government.", "Havana Club __knowledge__ Bacardi also produces a competing product with the same name in Puerto Rico, sold only in the United States.", "Havana Club __knowledge__ The two companies have engaged in ongoing litigation about ownership of the brand.", "Carl Folsom Airport __knowledge__ Carl Folsom Airport is a public-use airport located two nautical miles (4 km) west of the central business district of Elba, a city in Coffee County, Alabama, United States.", "Carl Folsom Airport __knowledge__ It is owned by the Elba Airport Authority.", "Carl Folsom Airport __knowledge__ This airport is included in the FAA's National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2011–2015 and 2009–2013, both of which categorized it as a \"general aviation\" facility.", "Carl Folsom Airport __knowledge__ Carl Folsom Airport covers an area of 171 acres (69 ha) at an elevation of 258 feet (79 m) above mean sea level.", "Carl Folsom Airport __knowledge__ It has one runway designated 1/19 with an asphalt surface measuring 3,050 by 75 feet (930 x 23 m).", "Bacardi Cup __knowledge__ The Bacardi Cup is one of the oldest and most traditional sailing events in the world.", "Bacardi Cup __knowledge__ What started out as a three-day event with less than 10 boats in 1927, now attracts more than 200 sailors each year from some 23 countries and the attention of international media.", "Bacardi Cup __knowledge__ The Bacardi Cup is legendary as one of the few sporting events in which weekend enthusiasts have the opportunity to compete head on with Olympian and World Champion athletes.", "Bacardi Cup __knowledge__ The tradition of camaraderie and competition surrounding the Trofeo BACARDI began in Havana, Cuba where it was first sailed as part of the Mid-Winter Championship known as the Cup of Cuba.", "Higher-order singular value decomposition __knowledge__ In multilinear algebra, the higher-order singular value decomposition (HOSVD) of a tensor is a specific orthogonal Tucker decomposition.", "Higher-order singular value decomposition __knowledge__ It may be regarded as one generalization of the matrix singular value decomposition.", "Higher-order singular value decomposition __knowledge__ The HOSVD has applications in computer graphics, machine learning, scientific computing, and signal processing.", "Higher-order singular value decomposition __knowledge__ Some key ingredients of the HOSVD can be traced as far back as F. L. Hitchcock in 1928, but it was L. R. Tucker who developed for third-order tensors the general Tucker decomposition in the 1960s, including the HOSVD.", "Higher-order singular value decomposition __knowledge__ The HOSVD as decomposition in its own right was further advocated by L. De Lathauwer \"et al.\"" ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Rum and Coke __knowledge__ Rum and Coke, or a Cuba Libre (; , \"Free Cuba\" libre here an adjective, not a verb), is a highball cocktail consisting of cola, rum, and traditionally lime juice on ice.", "Rum and Coke __knowledge__ The cocktail originated in the early 20th century in Cuba, after the country won independence in the Spanish–American War.", "Rum and Coke __knowledge__ It quickly became popular across Cuba and in many other countries, and has been one of the world's most popular alcoholic drinks.", "Rum and Coke __knowledge__ Traditionally, the cola ingredient is Coca-Cola (\"Coke\"), and the alcohol is a Cuban light rum such as Bacardi.", "Rum and Coke __knowledge__ However, the drink may be made with various types of rums and cola brands, and lime juice may or may not be included.", "Rum and Coke __knowledge__ The drink was created in Cuba in the early 1900s, but its exact origins are not known with certainty.", "Rum and Coke __knowledge__ It became popular shortly after 1900, when bottled Coca-Cola was first imported into Cuba from the United States.", "Rum and Coke __knowledge__ It is associated with the heavy U.S. presence in Cuba following the Spanish–American War of 1898; the drink's traditional name, \"Cuba Libre\" (Free Cuba), was the slogan of the Cuban independence movement.", "Rum and Coke __knowledge__ The Cuba Libre is sometimes said to have been created during the Spanish-American War.", "Rum and Coke __knowledge__ However, this predates the first distribution of Coca-Cola to Cuba in 1900.", "Rum __knowledge__ Rum is a distilled alcoholic beverage made from sugarcane byproducts, such as molasses or honeys, or directly from sugarcane juice, by a process of fermentation and distillation.", "Rum __knowledge__ The distillate, a clear liquid, is then usually aged in oak barrels.", "Rum __knowledge__ The majority of the world's rum production occurs in the Caribbean and Latin America.", "Rum __knowledge__ Rum is also produced in Scotland, Austria, Spain, Australia, New Zealand, Fiji, the Philippines, Reunion Island, Mauritius, South Africa, Taiwan, Thailand, Japan, the United States, Canada, India, and Nepal.", "Rum __knowledge__ Rums are produced in various grades.", "Rum __knowledge__ Light rums are commonly used in cocktails, whereas \"golden\" and \"dark\" rums were typically consumed straight or neat, on the rocks, or used for cooking, but are now commonly consumed with mixers.", "List of Puerto Rican rums __knowledge__ Rum (\"ron\" in Spanish) production has been an important part of Puerto Rico's economy since the 16th century.", "List of Puerto Rican rums __knowledge__ While sugar cane harvesting has virtually disappeared in Puerto Rico (except for a few isolated farms and agricultural experiments), distilleries around the island still produce large amounts of rum every year.", "List of Puerto Rican rums __knowledge__ Don Q is the top-selling rum brand on the island, where more than 70% of the rum consumed in the United States is produced.", "List of Puerto Rican rums __knowledge__ The main rum producing enterprise in Arecibo is Barceló, Marqués y Co. Its flagship brand was Ron Palo Viejo.", "List of Puerto Rican rums __knowledge__ Ron Palo Viejo is now owned by Serrallés, whose flagship rum is Don Q. Rum has been produced in Arecibo since the second half of the 19th century.", "Rum-running __knowledge__ Rum-running, or bootlegging, is the illegal business of transporting (smuggling) alcoholic beverages where such transportation is forbidden by law.", "Rum-running __knowledge__ Smuggling is usually done to circumvent taxation or prohibition laws within a particular jurisdiction.", "Rum-running __knowledge__ The term \"rum-running\" is more commonly applied to smuggling over water; \"bootlegging\" is applied to smuggling over land.", "Rum-running __knowledge__ It is believed that the term \"boot-legging\" originated during the American Civil War, when soldiers would sneak liquor into army camps by concealing pint bottles within their boots or beneath their trouser legs.", "Rum-running __knowledge__ Also, according to the PBS documentary \"Prohibition\", the term \"bootlegging\" was popularized when thousands of city dwellers would sell liquor from flasks they kept in their boot leg all across major cities and rural areas.", "Grog __knowledge__ Grog is any of a variety of alcoholic beverages.", "Grog __knowledge__ The word originally referred to a drink made with water and rum, which British Vice Admiral Edward Vernon introduced into the naval squadron he commanded in the West Indies on 21 August 1740.", "Grog __knowledge__ Vernon wore a coat of grogram cloth and was nicknamed \"Old Grogram\" or \"Old Grog\".", "Grog __knowledge__ The Merriam–Webster Collegiate Dictionary, which agrees with this story of the word's origin, states that the word \"grog\" was first used in this sense in 1770, though other sources cite 1749.", "Grog __knowledge__ In modern times the term \"grog\" has had a variety of meanings in a number of different cultures.", "Rum ration __knowledge__ The rum ration (also called tot) was a daily amount of rum given to sailors on Royal Navy ships.", "Rum ration __knowledge__ It was abolished in 1970 after concerns that regular intakes of alcohol would lead to unsteady hands when working machinery.", "Rum ration __knowledge__ The rum ration, or \"tot\", consisted of of rum at 95.5 proof (54.6% ABV), given out to every sailor at midday.", "Rum ration __knowledge__ Senior Ratings (Petty Officers and above) received their rum neat, whilst for Junior Ratings it was diluted with two parts of water to make of grog.", "Rum ration __knowledge__ The rum ration was served from one particular barrel, also known as the \"Rum Tub\", which was ornately decorated and was made of oak, reinforced with brass bands, with brass letters saying, \"The Queen, God Bless Her\".", "Bundaberg Rum __knowledge__ Bundaberg Rum is a dark rum produced in Bundaberg, Australia.", "Bundaberg Rum __knowledge__ It is often referred to as \"Bundy\".", "Bundaberg Rum __knowledge__ The Bundaberg Distilling Company owns its own cola-producing facility, which supplies the cola for its ready-to-drink Bundaberg Rum and Cola products.", "Bundaberg Rum __knowledge__ Bundaberg Rum originated because the local sugar mills had a problem with what to do with the waste molasses after the sugar was extracted (it was heavy, difficult to transport and the costs of converting it to stock feed were rarely worth the effort).", "Bundaberg Rum __knowledge__ Sugar men first began to think of the profits that could be made from distilling.", "Bundaberg Rum __knowledge__ The vital meeting was held at the Royal Hotel on 1 August 1885, W M C Hickson served as the chairman, and other notables in attendance included all the big sugar mill owners of that time, W G Farquhar, F L Nott, S McDougall, T Penny, S H Bravo and A H Young, all to become the first directors of the Company.", "Piracy in the Atlantic World __knowledge__ Piracy was a phenomenon that was not limited to the Caribbean region.", "Piracy in the Atlantic World __knowledge__ Golden Age pirates roamed off the coast of North America, Africa and the Caribbean.", "Piracy in the Atlantic World __knowledge__ Pirates and sailors are important in understanding how the Atlantic world looked and worked.", "Piracy in the Atlantic World __knowledge__ Defying traditional alliances, attacking and capturing merchant vessels of all nations, pirates wreaked havoc on an emerging economic system, disrupted trade routes and created a crisis within an increasingly important system of trade centered on the Atlantic world.", "Piracy in the Atlantic World __knowledge__ They were ready and willing participants in the exchange of people, ideas, and commodities around the Atlantic basin affecting the creation and destruction of communities.", "Bacardi __knowledge__ Bacardi Limited ( ; ; ) is the largest privately held, family-owned spirits company in the world.", "Bacardi __knowledge__ Originally known for its eponymous Bacardi white rum, it now has a portfolio of more than 200 brands and labels.", "Bacardi __knowledge__ Founded in 1862, and family-owned for seven generations, Bacardi employs 6,000 people, manufactures at 29 facilities in 16 markets on four continents, with sales in more than 150 countries.", "Bacardi __knowledge__ Bacardi Limited refers to the Bacardi group of companies, including Bacardi International Limited.", "Bacardi __knowledge__ The company sells in excess of 200 million bottles per year.", "Bacardi __knowledge__ The company's sales in 2007 were US$5.5 billion, up from $4.9 billion in 2006.", "Anheuser-Busch InBev __knowledge__ Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV (; abbreviated as AB InBev) is a Brazilian-Belgian transnational beverage and brewing company with global headquarters in Leuven, Belgium.", "Anheuser-Busch InBev __knowledge__ Additional main offices are located in London, New York City, São Paulo, St. Louis, Mexico City, San Salvador, Toronto, Buenos Aires, Johannesburg and others.", "Anheuser-Busch InBev __knowledge__ The company was enlarged in October 2016 when AB InBev purchased SABMiller and concluded a merger of the two entities.", "Anheuser-Busch InBev __knowledge__ It was the world's largest brewer even before the acquisition of SABMiller and is considered one of the largest fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) companies in the world.", "Havana Club __knowledge__ Havana Club is a brand of rum created in Cuba in 1934, and now one of the best-selling rum brands in the world.", "Havana Club __knowledge__ Originally produced in Cardenas, Cuba by family-owned Jose Arechabala S.A., the brand was nationalized after the Cuban Revolution of 1959.", "Havana Club __knowledge__ Since 1994 it has been produced in Cuba and sold globally (except the United States) by Havana Club International, a 50:50 joint venture between Pernod Ricard and the Cuban government.", "Havana Club __knowledge__ Bacardi also produces a competing product with the same name in Puerto Rico, sold only in the United States.", "Havana Club __knowledge__ The two companies have engaged in ongoing litigation about ownership of the brand.", "Bacardi Cup __knowledge__ The Bacardi Cup is one of the oldest and most traditional sailing events in the world.", "Bacardi Cup __knowledge__ What started out as a three-day event with less than 10 boats in 1927, now attracts more than 200 sailors each year from some 23 countries and the attention of international media.", "Bacardi Cup __knowledge__ The Bacardi Cup is legendary as one of the few sporting events in which weekend enthusiasts have the opportunity to compete head on with Olympian and World Champion athletes.", "Bacardi Cup __knowledge__ The tradition of camaraderie and competition surrounding the Trofeo BACARDI began in Havana, Cuba where it was first sailed as part of the Mid-Winter Championship known as the Cup of Cuba.", "Brand __knowledge__ A brand is a name, term, design, symbol, or other feature that distinguishes an organization or product from its rivals in the eyes of the customer.", "Brand __knowledge__ Brands are used in business, marketing, and advertising.", "Brand __knowledge__ Name brands are sometimes distinguished from generic or store brands.", "Brand __knowledge__ The practice of branding is thought to have begun with the ancient Egyptians who were known to have engaged in livestock branding as early as 2,700 BC.", "Brand __knowledge__ Branding was used to differentiate one person’s cattle from another's by means of a distinctive symbol burned into the animal’s skin with a hot branding iron.", "Brand __knowledge__ If a person would steal the animals, anyone could detect the symbol and deduce the actual owner.", "Alcopop __knowledge__ An alcopop (or cooler, spirit cooler in South African English, or malternative in American slang) is a term describing certain flavored alcoholic beverages with relatively low alcohol content (e.g., 3–7% alcohol by volume), including: The term alcopop (a portmanteau of the words \"alcohol\" and \"pop\") is used commonly in the United Kingdom to describe these drinks and in some countries by neoprohibitionists.", "Alcopop __knowledge__ Other terms include FAB (flavored alcoholic beverage), FMB (flavored malt beverage), PPS (pre-packaged spirit or premium packaged spirits), and RTD (ready-to-drink – Australia and New Zealand)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Rum and Coke __knowledge__ Rum and Coke, or a Cuba Libre (; , \"Free Cuba\" libre here an adjective, not a verb), is a highball cocktail consisting of cola, rum, and traditionally lime juice on ice.", "Rum and Coke __knowledge__ The cocktail originated in the early 20th century in Cuba, after the country won independence in the Spanish–American War.", "Rum and Coke __knowledge__ It quickly became popular across Cuba and in many other countries, and has been one of the world's most popular alcoholic drinks.", "Rum and Coke __knowledge__ Traditionally, the cola ingredient is Coca-Cola (\"Coke\"), and the alcohol is a Cuban light rum such as Bacardi.", "Rum and Coke __knowledge__ However, the drink may be made with various types of rums and cola brands, and lime juice may or may not be included.", "Rum and Coke __knowledge__ The drink was created in Cuba in the early 1900s, but its exact origins are not known with certainty.", "Rum and Coke __knowledge__ It became popular shortly after 1900, when bottled Coca-Cola was first imported into Cuba from the United States.", "Rum and Coke __knowledge__ It is associated with the heavy U.S. presence in Cuba following the Spanish–American War of 1898; the drink's traditional name, \"Cuba Libre\" (Free Cuba), was the slogan of the Cuban independence movement.", "Rum and Coke __knowledge__ The Cuba Libre is sometimes said to have been created during the Spanish-American War.", "Rum and Coke __knowledge__ However, this predates the first distribution of Coca-Cola to Cuba in 1900.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ This Is England '86 is a 2010 British drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne, a spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\".", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Set three years later, it focuses on the mod revival scene rather than the skinhead subculture, with the gang variously adopting an eclectic mix of clothing styles.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Like the film version previously, Thomas Turgoose stars as Shaun, with central roles played by Joe Gilgun as Woody, now a scooter-riding mod, although girlfriend Lol (Vicky McClure) and her friend Trev stay loyal to their roots and still wear the skinhead garb.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Lol's sister Kelly has gone new wave/punk, while other gang members adopt psychobilly, early chav and mohican influences.", "LOL __knowledge__ LOL, or lol, is an acronym for laugh(ing) out loud or lots of laughs, and a popular element of Internet slang.", "LOL __knowledge__ It was first used almost exclusively on Usenet, but has since become widespread in other forms of computer-mediated communication and even face-to-face communication.", "LOL __knowledge__ It is one of many initialisms for expressing bodily reactions, in particular laughter, as text, including initialisms for more emphatic expressions of laughter such as LMAO (\"laugh(ing) my ass off\") and ROFL (or its older form ROTFL; \"roll(ing) on the floor laughing\").", "LOL __knowledge__ Other unrelated expansions include the now mostly obsolete \"lots of luck\" or \"lots of love\" used in letter-writing.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ Le ravissement de Lol V. Stein is a novel written by Marguerite Duras and published in France by Gallimard in 1964.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ The text was translated by Richard Seaver and published as \"The Ravishing of Lol Stein\" in the US by Grove Press in 1966.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ The text was also translated by Eileen Ellenbogen in the UK as \"The rapture of Lol V. Stein\" for Hamish Hamilton in 1967.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ At the beginning of the novel, Lol Stein (her middle initial is omitted in the English translation) is a woman in her thirties.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ She was born and raised in South Tahla in a bourgeois family and is engaged to Michael Richardson at 19.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ However, at a ball in the seaside resort of Town Beach, Michael Richardson leaves Lol for Anne-Marie Stretter, an older woman.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ This Is England '90 is a 2015 British TV drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne and produced by Warp Films.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ A spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\", it is also a sequel to the series \"This Is England '86\" and \"This Is England '88\".", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ \"This Is England '90\" was originally due in late 2012, but in July 2012, Meadows announced that the production had been put on hold in order for him to complete his The Stone Roses, and the actors were still waiting for confirmation as to when filming would start.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ In March 2014, Meadows confirmed that shooting would start later in the year although he had not yet finished the script.", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that were introduced in CBBC's \"The Story of Tracy Beaker\".", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ The series is based on the book of the same name by Jacqueline Wilson.", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ It ran on for five series from 2002 to 2005.", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ The series was followed by \"Tracy Beaker Returns\" that ran for three series from 2010 to 2012 and then \"The Dumping Ground\" that has aired since 2013.", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ Connor Byrne has played the role of Mike Milligan for all three programmes.", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ Dani Harmer and Lisa Coleman reprised their roles as Tracy Beaker and Cam Lawson for \"Tracy Beaker Returns\".", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ Tracy Beaker, played by actress Dani Harmer, is the main (and title) character throughout \"The Story of Tracy Beaker\" and \"Tracy Beaker Returns\".", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ This Is England '88 is a 2011 British drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne as a spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\".", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ It is also a sequel to the 2010 television sequel-series \"This Is England '86\", set two and a half years later and starring as previously Thomas Turgoose as Shaun, Vicky McClure as Lol and Joe Gilgun as Woody.", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ Set during Christmas 1988, Lol is haunted by the devastating events that took place two and a half years before.", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ She and Woody both find themselves struggling to cope with their lives without each other after he leaves the gang.", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ Lol is carrying the burden of her guilt, whilst Woody is trying to build a domestic life with a new girlfriend and a potential promotion at work.", "Rally Bulgaria __knowledge__ Rally Bulgaria (Рали България) is the most prestigious and also the oldest rally event in Republic of Bulgaria.", "Rally Bulgaria __knowledge__ It was confirmed for the 2010 World Rally Championship season as the seventh of all thirteen planned events.", "Rally Bulgaria __knowledge__ Year 2010 was also the first and so far the only one that Rally Bulgaria has been in the World Rally Championship, having previously hosted races for the European Rally Championship instead.", "Rally Bulgaria __knowledge__ The application of the country was accepted by the FIA despite the fact that Rally Bulgaria's candidate event in July 2009 ended in an accident which killed Italian co-driver Flavio Guglielmini and seriously injured Swiss driver Brian Lavio.", "Bristol and Bath Science Park __knowledge__ Bristol and Bath Science Park (BBSP) is a science park located at Dirac Crescent, Emersons Green, South Gloucestershire, England, north-east of Bristol and north-west of Bath.", "Bristol and Bath Science Park __knowledge__ It cost £300 million to build and is expected to employ about 6000 people.", "Bristol and Bath Science Park __knowledge__ It was opened on 26 September 2011, 25 years after it was originally proposed.", "Bristol and Bath Science Park __knowledge__ The site covers 59 acres, half of which were developed by 2013.", "Bristol and Bath Science Park __knowledge__ The full site is expected to be complete by 2033.", "Bristol and Bath Science Park __knowledge__ The main building comprises the Forum, which includes a reception area and two areas for businesses, the Innovation Centre for emerging businesses and the Grow On Centre for expanded businesses.", "Need for Speed: Hot Pursuit (2010 video game) __knowledge__ Need for Speed: Hot Pursuit is a 2010 racing video game developed by Criterion Games and published by Electronic Arts for PlayStation 3, Xbox 360, Microsoft Windows, Wii, iOS, Android, webOS and Windows Phone.", "Need for Speed: Hot Pursuit (2010 video game) __knowledge__ The Wii version was developed by Exient Entertainment.", "Need for Speed: Hot Pursuit (2010 video game) __knowledge__ \"Hot Pursuit\" is the sixteenth \"Need for Speed\" title and was released in November 2010, with digital distribution versions released within December 2010.", "Need for Speed: Hot Pursuit (2010 video game) __knowledge__ \"Hot Pursuit\"s gameplay is set in the fictional Seacrest County, which is based on California, in which players can compete in several types of races.", "Need for Speed: Hot Pursuit (2010 video game) __knowledge__ Players can compete online (except in the Wii version), which includes additional game modes such as Hot Pursuit, Interceptor and Race.", "Avastha (Hindu astrology) __knowledge__ Avastha in Sanskrit means status or state.", "Avastha (Hindu astrology) __knowledge__ Hindu astrology has evolved methods for ascertaining the avasthas (states) gained by planets at any given time.", "Avastha (Hindu astrology) __knowledge__ Parashara in his Bṛhat Parāśara Horāśāstra refers to six kinds of avasthas.", "Avastha (Hindu astrology) __knowledge__ Avasthas are basically secondary sources of strength which temper interpretations rather than reverse them; for example, a planet in Mritya (Death) avastha and situated in its own or exaltation sign is better than when it is in debilitation.", "Avastha (Hindu astrology) __knowledge__ Parashara has made mention of the undernoted varieties of planetary avasthas: All standard Hindu astrology text-books provide the method for ascertaining the afore-mentioned avasthas as also the results of planets found in those avasthas.", "NHL Hitz __knowledge__ NHL Hitz was a series of ice hockey video games published by Midway Games, for the PlayStation 2 (PS2), Xbox, and Nintendo GameCube.", "NHL Hitz __knowledge__ The series is known and popular for its unique gameplay style: it focuses on fast-paced hockey with an arcade feeling to deliver entertaining hockey to gamers, but features neither injuries nor penalty shots.", "NHL Hitz __knowledge__ As the name suggests, the series has a lot of hard hitting which is more often appealing to casual hockey fans than hardcore ones.", "NHL Hitz __knowledge__ The first two games, \"NHL Hitz 20-02\" and \"NHL Hitz 20-03\", feature 3-on-3 (3 skaters, 1 goaltender) hockey.", "NHL Hitz __knowledge__ \"NHL Hitz Pro\", however, goes a step further, featuring 5-on-5 hockey.", "Exient Entertainment __knowledge__ Exient Entertainment (also known as Exient Limited) is an independent video game developer based in Oxford, United Kingdom with additional development studios in Leamington Spa, United Kingdom, and Malta.", "Exient Entertainment __knowledge__ Mainly developing for handheld gaming systems, Excient grew a name for itself shrinking popular series' games to portable systems.", "Exient Entertainment __knowledge__ It is known for its ports of various games in the \"Madden NFL\", \"FIFA\", \"Need for Speed\", and \"Tiger Woods PGA Tour\" series for Electronic Arts and for developing numerous titles in the Angry Birds series.", "Exient Entertainment __knowledge__ The company was incorporated in 2000 and began operations in January 2001.", "Collegiate secret societies in North America __knowledge__ There are many collegiate secret societies in North America.", "Collegiate secret societies in North America __knowledge__ They vary greatly in their levels of secrecy and independence from their universities.", "Collegiate secret societies in North America __knowledge__ As the term is used in this article, a \"secret society\" is a collegiate society where significant effort is made to keep affairs, membership rolls, signs of recognition, initiation, or other aspects secret from the public.", "Collegiate secret societies in North America __knowledge__ Some collegiate secret societies are referred to as 'class societies', which restrict membership to one class year.", "Collegiate secret societies in North America __knowledge__ Most class societies are restricted to the senior class, and are therefore also called \"senior societies\" on many campuses.", "Emancipation Proclamation __knowledge__ The Emancipation Proclamation, or Proclamation 95, was a presidential proclamation and executive order issued by President Abraham Lincoln on January 1, 1863.", "Emancipation Proclamation __knowledge__ It changed the federal legal status of more than 3 million enslaved people in the designated areas of the South from slave to free.", "Emancipation Proclamation __knowledge__ As soon as a slave escaped the control of the Confederate government, by running away or through advances of federal troops, the slave became legally free.", "Emancipation Proclamation __knowledge__ Ultimately, the rebel surrender liberated and resulted in the proclamation's application to all of the designated slaves.", "Emancipation Proclamation __knowledge__ It did not cover slaves in Union areas that were freed by state action (or by the 13th amendment in December 1865)." ] ]

[ 4, 11, 46, 50, 0 ]

[ "I like coca cola a lot, but not so much rum, what rum did you use?", "Bacardi is actually th largest family owned spirit company in the world!", "Bacardi is known for over 200 brands and labels!", "they also only employ 6000 people, and have been around since 1862", "Only one way to find out! That is interesting they run a worldwide company with 6,000 people" ]

[ "Rum and Coke", "Rum and Coke", "Rum and Coke", "Rum and Coke", "Rum and Coke" ]

[ "Plant\nHello, Do you like plants?", "Green plants are great, especailly my snake bamboo plant.", "I know right? Isn't it also amazing how bamboo plants can be used for medicine, building materials and more.", "Wow that is a long time. Did you know in China for example they use black bamboo shoots to help treat kidney diseases?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Plant __knowledge__ Plants are mainly multicellular, predominantly photosynthetic eukaryotes of the kingdom Plantae.", "Plant __knowledge__ In one sense (circumscription), the term refers to green plants, which form an unranked clade Viridiplantae (Latin for \"green plants\").", "Plant __knowledge__ This includes the flowering plants, conifers and other gymnosperms, ferns, clubmosses, hornworts, liverworts, mosses and the green algae, and excludes the red and brown algae.", "Plant __knowledge__ Historically, plants formed one of two kingdoms covering all living things that were not animals, and both algae and fungi were treated as plants; however all current definitions of \"plant\" exclude the fungi and some algae, as well as the prokaryotes (the archaea and bacteria).", "Plant __knowledge__ Green plants have cell walls containing cellulose and obtain most of their energy from sunlight via photosynthesis by primary chloroplasts, derived from endosymbiosis with cyanobacteria.", "Plant __knowledge__ Their chloroplasts contain chlorophylls a and b, which gives them their green color.", "Plant __knowledge__ Some plants are parasitic and have lost the ability to produce normal amounts of chlorophyll or to photosynthesize.", "Plant __knowledge__ Plants are characterized by sexual reproduction and alternation of generations, although asexual reproduction is also common.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ Shortly after her creation in 1974, the Hello Kitty vinyl coin purse was introduced by Sanrio in March 1975.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ The character was then brought to the United States in 1976.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ The character is a staple of the \"kawaii\" segment of Japanese popular culture.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ By 2010, Sanrio had groomed Hello Kitty into a global marketing phenomenon worth $5 billion a year.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ By 2014, when Hello Kitty was 40 years old, she was worth about $7 billion a year, all without advertising except on Sanrio's, related show producers', and ticket sales' webpages and at show venues and nearby locations.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ Originally aimed at preadolescent females, Hello Kitty's market has broadened to include adult consumers, being found on a variety of products ranging from school supplies to fashion accessories.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ No Man's Sky is an action-adventure survival video game developed and published by the indie studio Hello Games for PlayStation 4 and Microsoft Windows.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ It was released worldwide in August 2016.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ The game is built around four pillars: exploration, survival, combat, and trading.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ Players are free to perform within the entirety of a procedurally generated deterministic open universe, which includes over 18 quintillion planets.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ Through the game's procedural generation system, planets have their own ecosystems with unique forms of flora and fauna, and various sentient alien species may engage the player in combat or trade within planetary systems.", "Fungus __knowledge__ A fungus (plural: fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms.", "Fungus __knowledge__ These organisms are classified as a kingdom, Fungi, which is separate from the other eukaryotic life kingdoms of plants and animals.", "Fungus __knowledge__ A characteristic that places fungi in a different kingdom from plants, bacteria, and some protists is chitin in their cell walls.", "Fungus __knowledge__ Similar to animals, fungi are heterotrophs; they acquire their food by absorbing dissolved molecules, typically by secreting digestive enzymes into their environment.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ In 1997, Japanese rock group Sharam Q, fronted by Tsunku, began auditions for a female vocalist.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ These auditions aired via the reality show Asayan, and resulted in Michiyo Heike being crowned winner.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ Tsunku, however, decided to give five of the runners-up, Yuko Nakazawa, Natsumi Abe, Kaori Iida, Asuka Fukuda and Aya Ishiguro, a chance to become a group in their own right.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ The girls were set the task of selling 50,000 copies of their demo single \"Ai no Tane,\" in just five days.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ The girls sold the required number of copies in four days, and subsequently became an official group.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ Morning Musume's debut single, \"Morning Coffee,\" was released on January 28, 1998 on the One Up Music label and charted at #6 on the Oricon weekly chart.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ , formerly simply and colloquially referred to as , is a Japanese female idol group, holding the second highest overall single sales (of a female group) on the Oricon charts as of February 2012, with the Oricon record of most top ten singles with an amount of 50, and they have sold over 21 million copies in Japan alone.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ Morning Musume was formed in 1997 by rock singer-songwriter turned record producer Tsunku, who later composed the vast majority of the group's songs over the decade.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ They are the lead group of Hello!", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ Project that specialises in upbeat, pop-oriented music coupled with dance performance.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ \"Hello, Goodbye\" is a song by the English rock band the Beatles, written by Paul McCartney and credited to Lennon–McCartney.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ Backed by John Lennon's \"I Am the Walrus\", it was issued as a non-album single in November 1967, the group's first release since the death of their manager, Brian Epstein.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ The single was commercially successful around the world, topping charts in the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and several other countries.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ McCartney later said that the lyrics take duality as their theme.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ The song originated when, in response to a question from Beatles aide Alistair Taylor about songwriting, McCartney sat down at a harmonium and asked Taylor to say the opposite of whatever he said.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ \"Hello\" is a song by English singer Adele, released on 23 October 2015 by XL Recordings as the lead single from her third studio album, \"25\" (2015).", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ Adele co-wrote the song with her producer, Greg Kurstin.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ \"Hello\" is a piano ballad with soul influences, and lyrics that discuss themes of nostalgia and regret.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ Upon release, the song was acclaimed by music critics, who compared it favourably to Adele's previous work and praised the song's lyrics and Adele's vocals while many critics and publications ranked it as one of the best songs of the year.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ It was recorded in London.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ \"Hello\" reached number one in almost every country it charted in, including the United Kingdom, where it became her second UK number-one single, following \"Someone like You\", and has the largest opening week sales in three years." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Plant __knowledge__ Plants are mainly multicellular, predominantly photosynthetic eukaryotes of the kingdom Plantae.", "Plant __knowledge__ In one sense (circumscription), the term refers to green plants, which form an unranked clade Viridiplantae (Latin for \"green plants\").", "Plant __knowledge__ This includes the flowering plants, conifers and other gymnosperms, ferns, clubmosses, hornworts, liverworts, mosses and the green algae, and excludes the red and brown algae.", "Plant __knowledge__ Historically, plants formed one of two kingdoms covering all living things that were not animals, and both algae and fungi were treated as plants; however all current definitions of \"plant\" exclude the fungi and some algae, as well as the prokaryotes (the archaea and bacteria).", "Plant __knowledge__ Green plants have cell walls containing cellulose and obtain most of their energy from sunlight via photosynthesis by primary chloroplasts, derived from endosymbiosis with cyanobacteria.", "Plant __knowledge__ Their chloroplasts contain chlorophylls a and b, which gives them their green color.", "Plant __knowledge__ Some plants are parasitic and have lost the ability to produce normal amounts of chlorophyll or to photosynthesize.", "Plant __knowledge__ Plants are characterized by sexual reproduction and alternation of generations, although asexual reproduction is also common.", "Bamboo __knowledge__ The bamboos are evergreen perennial flowering plants in the subfamily Bambusoideae of the grass family Poaceae.", "Bamboo __knowledge__ In bamboo, as in other grasses, the internodal regions of the stem are usually hollow and the vascular bundles in the cross section are scattered throughout the stem instead of in a cylindrical arrangement.", "Bamboo __knowledge__ The dicotyledonous woody xylem is also absent.", "Bamboo __knowledge__ The absence of secondary growth wood causes the stems of monocots, including the palms and large bamboos, to be columnar rather than tapering.", "Bamboo __knowledge__ Bamboos include some of the fastest-growing plants in the world, due to a unique rhizome-dependent system.", "Bernt Michael Holmboe __knowledge__ Bernt Michael Holmboe (23 March 1795 – 28 March 1850) was a Norwegian mathematician.", "Bernt Michael Holmboe __knowledge__ He was home-tutored from an early age, and was not enrolled in school until 1810.", "Bernt Michael Holmboe __knowledge__ Following a short period at the Royal Frederick University, which included a stint as assistant to Christopher Hansteen, Holmboe was hired as a mathematics teacher at the Christiania Cathedral School in 1818, where he met the future renowned mathematician Niels Henrik Abel.", "Bernt Michael Holmboe __knowledge__ Holmboe's lasting impact on mathematics worldwide has been said to be his tutoring of Abel, both in school and privately.", "Bernt Michael Holmboe __knowledge__ The two became friends and remained so until Abel's early death.", "Photosynthesis __knowledge__ Photosynthesis is a process used by plants and other organisms to convert light energy into chemical energy that can later be released to fuel the organisms' activities (energy transformation).", "Photosynthesis __knowledge__ This chemical energy is stored in carbohydrate molecules, such as sugars, which are synthesized from carbon dioxide and water – hence the name \"photosynthesis\", from the Greek φῶς, \"phōs\", \"light\", and σύνθεσις, \"synthesis\", \"putting together\".", "Photosynthesis __knowledge__ In most cases, oxygen is also released as a waste product.", "Photosynthesis __knowledge__ Most plants, most algae, and cyanobacteria perform photosynthesis; such organisms are called photoautotrophs.", "Bamboo textile __knowledge__ Bamboo textiles are cloth, yarn, and clothing made out of bamboo fibres.", "Bamboo textile __knowledge__ While historically used only for structural elements, such as bustles and the ribs of corsets, in recent years a range of technologies have been developed allowing bamboo fibre to be used in a wide range of textile and fashion applications.", "Bamboo textile __knowledge__ Modern clothing labeled bamboo is usually rayon.", "Bamboo textile __knowledge__ The bamboo yarn can also be blended with other textile fibres such as hemp or even spandex.", "Bamboo textile __knowledge__ Bamboo fibres are all cellulose fibre extracted or fabricated from natural bamboo, but they vary widely.", "Bamboo textile __knowledge__ Textiles labelled as being made from bamboo are usually not made by mechanical crushing and retting.", "Photosynthetic reaction centre __knowledge__ A photosynthetic reaction centre is a complex of several proteins, pigments and other co-factors that together execute the primary energy conversion reactions of photosynthesis.", "Photosynthetic reaction centre __knowledge__ Molecular excitations, either originating directly from sunlight or transferred as excitation energy via light-harvesting antenna systems, give rise to electron transfer reactions along the path of a series of protein-bound co-factors.", "Photosynthetic reaction centre __knowledge__ These co-factors are light-absorbing molecules (also named chromophores or pigments) such as chlorophyll and phaeophytin, as well as quinones.", "Photosynthetic reaction centre __knowledge__ The energy of the photon is used to excite an electron of a pigment.", "Johan Henrik Rye Holmboe __knowledge__ Johan Henrik Rye Holmboe (28 November 1863 – 29 May 1933) was a Norwegian businessperson and politician for the Liberal Left Party.", "Johan Henrik Rye Holmboe __knowledge__ He was a city council member in Tromsø for 42 years, a three-term member of Parliament, Minister of Provisioning from 1920 to 1921, and Minister of Trade from 1923 to 1924.", "Johan Henrik Rye Holmboe __knowledge__ He was born in Tromsø as the son of businessman Hans Conrad Holmboe (1828–1923) and his wife Jakobine Henrikke (\"Rikka\") Harris (1835–1913).", "Johan Henrik Rye Holmboe __knowledge__ He had several brothers and sisters.", "Johan Henrik Rye Holmboe __knowledge__ Johan Henrik Rye Holmboe was named after his maternal great-grandfather, politician Johan Henrik Rye.", "Johan Henrik Rye Holmboe __knowledge__ His paternal granduncles Even, Hans and Leonhard were involved in politics too, so were his paternal uncle Jens Holmboe and maternal grandfather Anton Theodor Harris.", "List of Green Lanterns __knowledge__ The Green Lantern Corps that appear in fictional stories published by DC Comics has at least 7200 members, two per sector (originally 3600 with one per sector), in addition to assorted other members who fulfill roles other than patrolling.", "List of Green Lanterns __knowledge__ Although seven characters—Alan Scott, Hal Jordan, Guy Gardner, John Stewart, Simon Baz, Kyle Rayner, and Jessica Cruz—are primarily associated with the name, a number of other members of the Corps have appeared in DC's comics.", "List of Green Lanterns __knowledge__ These seven characters are most closely associated with the \"Green Lantern\" name, and have been the title characters of \"Green Lantern\" comics.", "Animal nutrition __knowledge__ Animal nutrition focuses on the dietary needs of animals, primarily those in agriculture and food production, but also in zoos, aquariums and wildlife management.", "Animal nutrition __knowledge__ There are seven major classes of nutrients: carbohydrates, fats, fibre, minerals, proteins, vitamins, and water.", "Animal nutrition __knowledge__ The macronutrients (excluding fiber and water) provide structural material (amino acids from which proteins are built, and lipids from which cell membranes and some signaling molecules are built) and energy.", "Animal nutrition __knowledge__ Some of the structural material can be used to generate energy internally, and in either case it is measured in joules or calories (sometimes called \"kilocalories\" and on other rare occasions written with a capital \"C\" to distinguish them from little 'c' calories).", "Embryophyte __knowledge__ The Embryophyta are the most familiar group of green plants that form vegetation on earth.", "Embryophyte __knowledge__ Living embryophytes include hornworts, liverworts, mosses, ferns, lycophytes, gymnosperms and flowering plants, and emerged within the Charophyte green algae.", "Embryophyte __knowledge__ The Embryophyta are informally called land plants because they live primarily in terrestrial habitats, while the related green algae are primarily aquatic.", "Embryophyte __knowledge__ All are complex multicellular eukaryotes with specialized reproductive organs.", "Embryophyte __knowledge__ The name derives from their innovative characteristic of nurturing the young embryo sporophyte during the early stages of its multicellular development within the tissues of the parent gametophyte.", "Chloroplast __knowledge__ Chloroplasts are organelles, specialized compartments, in plant and algal cells.", "Chloroplast __knowledge__ Their discovery inside plant cells is usually credited to Julius von Sachs (1832–1897), an influential botanist and author of standard botanical textbooks – sometimes called \"The Father of Plant Physiology\".", "Chloroplast __knowledge__ The main role of chloroplasts is to conduct photosynthesis, where the photosynthetic pigment chlorophyll captures the energy from sunlight and converts it and stores it in the energy-storage molecules ATP and NADPH while freeing oxygen from water.", "Chloroplast __knowledge__ They then use the ATP and NADPH to make organic molecules from carbon dioxide in a process known as the Calvin cycle." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Plant __knowledge__ Plants are mainly multicellular, predominantly photosynthetic eukaryotes of the kingdom Plantae.", "Plant __knowledge__ In one sense (circumscription), the term refers to green plants, which form an unranked clade Viridiplantae (Latin for \"green plants\").", "Plant __knowledge__ This includes the flowering plants, conifers and other gymnosperms, ferns, clubmosses, hornworts, liverworts, mosses and the green algae, and excludes the red and brown algae.", "Plant __knowledge__ Historically, plants formed one of two kingdoms covering all living things that were not animals, and both algae and fungi were treated as plants; however all current definitions of \"plant\" exclude the fungi and some algae, as well as the prokaryotes (the archaea and bacteria).", "Plant __knowledge__ Green plants have cell walls containing cellulose and obtain most of their energy from sunlight via photosynthesis by primary chloroplasts, derived from endosymbiosis with cyanobacteria.", "Plant __knowledge__ Their chloroplasts contain chlorophylls a and b, which gives them their green color.", "Plant __knowledge__ Some plants are parasitic and have lost the ability to produce normal amounts of chlorophyll or to photosynthesize.", "Plant __knowledge__ Plants are characterized by sexual reproduction and alternation of generations, although asexual reproduction is also common.", "Bamboo __knowledge__ The bamboos are evergreen perennial flowering plants in the subfamily Bambusoideae of the grass family Poaceae.", "Bamboo __knowledge__ In bamboo, as in other grasses, the internodal regions of the stem are usually hollow and the vascular bundles in the cross section are scattered throughout the stem instead of in a cylindrical arrangement.", "Bamboo __knowledge__ The dicotyledonous woody xylem is also absent.", "Bamboo __knowledge__ The absence of secondary growth wood causes the stems of monocots, including the palms and large bamboos, to be columnar rather than tapering.", "Bamboo __knowledge__ Bamboos include some of the fastest-growing plants in the world, due to a unique rhizome-dependent system.", "Golden monkey __knowledge__ The golden monkey (\"Cercopithecus kandti\") is a species of Old World monkey found in the Virunga volcanic mountains of Central Africa, including four national parks: Mgahinga, in south-west Uganda; Volcanoes, in north-west Rwanda; and Virunga and Kahuzi-Biéga, in the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo.", "Golden monkey __knowledge__ It is restricted to highland forest, especially near bamboo.", "Golden monkey __knowledge__ This species was previously thought to be a subspecies of the blue monkey (\"Cercopithecus mitis\"), and the two are similar overall, but the golden monkey has a golden-orange patch on the upper flanks and back.", "Golden monkey __knowledge__ Not much is known about the golden monkey's behaviour.", "Bamboo mosaic virus __knowledge__ \"Bamboo mosaic virus\" (BaMV) is a plant pathogenic virus in the genus \"Potexvirus\" and the family \"Alphaflexiviridae\".", "Bamboo mosaic virus __knowledge__ BaMV is a filamentous, flexuous rod, 490 nm in length and 15 nm in width.", "Bamboo mosaic virus __knowledge__ The virus has been fully sequenced and it is 6366 nucleotides long.", "Bamboo mosaic virus __knowledge__ Like other members of the \"Potexvirus\" genus, BaMV is a monopartite strand of positive-sense, single-stranded RNA surrounded by a capsid made for a single viral encoded protein.", "Bamboo mosaic virus __knowledge__ No insect vector is known.", "Bamboo mosaic virus __knowledge__ However, it is easily mechanically transmitted on contaminated tools used for propagation or harvesting.", "Bamboo mosaic virus __knowledge__ It was first isolated in 1974 from two species of bamboo (\"Bambusa multiples\" and \" B. vulgaris\") in Brazil.", "Sustainable architecture __knowledge__ Sustainable architecture is architecture that seeks to minimize the negative environmental impact of buildings by efficiency and moderation in the use of materials, energy, and development space and the ecosystem at large.", "Sustainable architecture __knowledge__ Sustainable architecture uses a conscious approach to energy and ecological conservation in the design of the built environment.", "Sustainable architecture __knowledge__ The idea of sustainability, or ecological design, is to ensure that our actions and decisions today do not inhibit the opportunities of future generations.", "Sustainable architecture __knowledge__ Energy efficiency over the entire life cycle of a building is the most important goal of sustainable architecture.", "Green building __knowledge__ Green building (also known as green construction or sustainable building) refers to both a structure and the application of processes that are environmentally responsible and resource-efficient throughout a building's life-cycle: from planning to design, construction, operation, maintenance, renovation, and demolition.", "Green building __knowledge__ This requires close cooperation of the contractor, the architects, the engineers, and the client at all project stages.", "Green building __knowledge__ The Green Building practice expands and complements the classical building design concerns of economy, utility, durability, and comfort.", "Green building __knowledge__ Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) is a set of rating systems for the design, construction, operation, and maintenance of green buildings which was Developed by the U.S. Green Building Council.", "Bamboo blossom __knowledge__ Bamboo blossom is a natural phenomenon in which the bamboos in a location blossom and become hung with bamboo seeds.", "Bamboo blossom __knowledge__ In China, Myanmar and India, \"bamboo blossom\" was traditionally seen as a curse or an indication of a starvation coming.", "Bamboo blossom __knowledge__ Bamboos usually have a life-cycle of around 40 to 80 years, varying among species.", "Bamboo blossom __knowledge__ Normally, new bamboos grow up from bamboo shoots at the roots.", "Bamboo blossom __knowledge__ At infrequent intervals for most species, they will start to blossom.", "Bamboo blossom __knowledge__ After blossom, flowers produce fruit (called \"bamboo rice\" in parts of India and China).", "Bamboo blossom __knowledge__ Following this, the bamboo forest dies out.", "Bamboo blossom __knowledge__ Since a bamboo forest usually grows from a single bamboo, the death of bamboos occurs in a large area.", "Bambooworking __knowledge__ Bambooworking is the activity or skill of making items from bamboo, and includes architecture, carpentry, furniture and cabinetry, carving, joinery, and weaving.", "Bambooworking __knowledge__ Its historical roots in Asia span cultures, civilizations, and millennia.", "Bambooworking __knowledge__ Bamboo has hundred of species and grows in large swathes across parts of East, South, and Southeast Asia.", "Bambooworking __knowledge__ Along with wood, stone, sand, clay and animal parts, bamboo was one of the first materials worked by early humans.", "Bambooworking __knowledge__ The development of civilization was closely tied to the development of increasingly greater degrees of skill in working these materials.", "Bambooworking __knowledge__ Just like woodworking, it came to be used for bamboo construction, bamboo textiles, bamboo and wooden slips, bamboo musical instruments, bamboo weaving, and many other areas.", "Ecoplanet Bamboo Group __knowledge__ Winner of the U.S. Department of State's 2014 Award for Corporate Excellence , founded in 2010 by Troy Wiseman and Camille Rebelo, EcoPlanet Bamboo has pioneered the industrialization of bamboo as an alternative fiber for timber manufacturing industries.", "Ecoplanet Bamboo Group __knowledge__ To date the Company has 37,250 acres of bamboo farms under ownership, in Central American, Western and Southern Africa, with larger scale plantations underway.", "Ecoplanet Bamboo Group __knowledge__ EcoPlanet Bamboo is a privately owned United States Company, registered in Delaware and with corporate headquarters located outside of Chicago, Illinois.", "Ecoplanet Bamboo Group __knowledge__ It is a US Series LLC allowing each geographic region and individual bamboo plantation to be funded and operated separately but under the same umbrella.", "Bamboo textile __knowledge__ Bamboo textiles are cloth, yarn, and clothing made out of bamboo fibres.", "Bamboo textile __knowledge__ While historically used only for structural elements, such as bustles and the ribs of corsets, in recent years a range of technologies have been developed allowing bamboo fibre to be used in a wide range of textile and fashion applications.", "Bamboo textile __knowledge__ Modern clothing labeled bamboo is usually rayon.", "Bamboo textile __knowledge__ The bamboo yarn can also be blended with other textile fibres such as hemp or even spandex.", "Bamboo textile __knowledge__ Bamboo fibres are all cellulose fibre extracted or fabricated from natural bamboo, but they vary widely.", "Bamboo textile __knowledge__ Textiles labelled as being made from bamboo are usually not made by mechanical crushing and retting.", "Bamboo charcoal __knowledge__ Bamboo charcoal comes from pieces of bamboo plants, harvested after at least five years, and burned in ovens at temperatures ranging from 800 to 1200 °C.", "Bamboo charcoal __knowledge__ It benefits environmental protection by reducing pollutant residue.", "Bamboo charcoal __knowledge__ It is an environmentally functional material featuring excellent absorption properties.", "Bamboo charcoal __knowledge__ Bamboo charcoal has a long Chinese history, with documents dating as early as 1486 during the Ming dynasty in Chuzhou Fu Zhi.", "Bamboo charcoal __knowledge__ There is also mention of it during the Qing dynasty, during the reigns of emperors Kangxi, Qianlong, and Guangxu.", "Bamboo charcoal __knowledge__ Bamboo charcoal is made of bamboo by means of a pyrolysis process." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Plant __knowledge__ Plants are mainly multicellular, predominantly photosynthetic eukaryotes of the kingdom Plantae.", "Plant __knowledge__ In one sense (circumscription), the term refers to green plants, which form an unranked clade Viridiplantae (Latin for \"green plants\").", "Plant __knowledge__ This includes the flowering plants, conifers and other gymnosperms, ferns, clubmosses, hornworts, liverworts, mosses and the green algae, and excludes the red and brown algae.", "Plant __knowledge__ Historically, plants formed one of two kingdoms covering all living things that were not animals, and both algae and fungi were treated as plants; however all current definitions of \"plant\" exclude the fungi and some algae, as well as the prokaryotes (the archaea and bacteria).", "Plant __knowledge__ Green plants have cell walls containing cellulose and obtain most of their energy from sunlight via photosynthesis by primary chloroplasts, derived from endosymbiosis with cyanobacteria.", "Plant __knowledge__ Their chloroplasts contain chlorophylls a and b, which gives them their green color.", "Plant __knowledge__ Some plants are parasitic and have lost the ability to produce normal amounts of chlorophyll or to photosynthesize.", "Plant __knowledge__ Plants are characterized by sexual reproduction and alternation of generations, although asexual reproduction is also common.", "Bamboo __knowledge__ The bamboos are evergreen perennial flowering plants in the subfamily Bambusoideae of the grass family Poaceae.", "Bamboo __knowledge__ In bamboo, as in other grasses, the internodal regions of the stem are usually hollow and the vascular bundles in the cross section are scattered throughout the stem instead of in a cylindrical arrangement.", "Bamboo __knowledge__ The dicotyledonous woody xylem is also absent.", "Bamboo __knowledge__ The absence of secondary growth wood causes the stems of monocots, including the palms and large bamboos, to be columnar rather than tapering.", "Bamboo __knowledge__ Bamboos include some of the fastest-growing plants in the world, due to a unique rhizome-dependent system.", "Bamboo shoot __knowledge__ Bamboo shoots or bamboo sprouts are the edible shoots (new bamboo culms that come out of the ground) of many bamboo species including \"Bambusa vulgaris\" and \"Phyllostachys edulis\".", "Bamboo shoot __knowledge__ They are used in numerous Asian dishes and broths.", "Bamboo shoot __knowledge__ They are sold in various processed shapes, and are available in fresh, dried, and canned versions.", "Bamboo shoot __knowledge__ Raw bamboo shoots contain cyanogenic glycosides, natural toxins also contained in cassava.", "Bamboo shoot __knowledge__ The toxins must be destroyed by thorough cooking and for this reason fresh bamboo shoots are often boiled before being used in other ways.", "Bamboo shoot __knowledge__ The toxins are also destroyed in the canning process.", "Nephrology __knowledge__ Nephrology (from Greek\" nephros\" \"kidney\", combined with the suffix \"-logy\", \"the study of\") is a specialty of medicine and pediatrics that concerns itself with the kidneys: the study of normal kidney function and kidney problems, the preservation of kidney health, and the treatment of kidney problems, from diet and medication to renal replacement therapy (dialysis and kidney transplantation).", "Nephrology __knowledge__ Systemic conditions that affect the kidneys (such as diabetes and autoimmune disease) and systemic problems that occur as a result of kidney problems (such as renal osteodystrophy and hypertension) are also studied in nephrology.", "Bamboo Shoots __knowledge__ Bamboo Shoots is an American four-piece musical group based out of Brooklyn, New York and suburban New Jersey.", "Bamboo Shoots __knowledge__ They are known for their dueling, two-person rhythm section and their South Asian identity and influence.", "Bamboo Shoots __knowledge__ Their debut album released on September 29, 2009 on Epic Records.", "Bamboo Shoots __knowledge__ Bamboo Shoots played their first show at Pianos in New York City in 2004, however most of the members were friends prior to being in the band.", "Bamboo Shoots __knowledge__ Avir and Karl met as young children through the Zoroastrian community in Southern New Jersey (Karl’s parents and Avir’s mother are of Parsi heritage).", "Bamboo Shoots __knowledge__ When Avir was 12, he got a guitar and within two years Karl got a guitar and the two began playing music together.", "Chronic kidney disease __knowledge__ Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a type of kidney disease in which there is gradual loss of kidney function over a period of months or years.", "Chronic kidney disease __knowledge__ Early on there are typically no symptoms.", "Chronic kidney disease __knowledge__ Later, leg swelling, feeling tired, vomiting, loss of appetite, or confusion may develop.", "Chronic kidney disease __knowledge__ Complications may include heart disease, high blood pressure, bone disease, or anemia.", "Chronic kidney disease __knowledge__ Causes of chronic kidney disease include diabetes, high blood pressure, glomerulonephritis, and polycystic kidney disease.", "Chronic kidney disease __knowledge__ Risk factors include a family history of the condition.", "Chronic kidney disease __knowledge__ Diagnosis is generally by blood tests to measure the glomerular filtration rate and urine tests to measure albumin.", "Insects in medicine __knowledge__ Insects have long been used in medicine, both traditional and modern, sometimes with little evidence of their effectiveness.", "Insects in medicine __knowledge__ For the purpose of the article, and in line with custom, medicinal uses of other arthropods such as spiders are included.", "Insects in medicine __knowledge__ The medicinal uses of insects and other arthropods were often defined by the Doctrine of Signatures, which stated that an organism bearing parts that resemble human body parts, animals, or other objects, was thought to have useful relevance to those parts, animals or objects.", "Insects in medicine __knowledge__ So, for example, the femurs of grasshoppers, which were said to resemble the human liver, were used to treat liver ailments by the indigenous peoples of Mexico.", "National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases __knowledge__ The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) is part of the United States National Institutes of Health, which in turn is part of the Department of Health and Human Services.", "National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases __knowledge__ NIDDK is approximately the fifth-largest of the 27 NIH institutes.", "National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases __knowledge__ The institute's mission is to support research, training, and communication with the public in the topic areas of \"diabetes and other endocrine and metabolic diseases; digestive diseases, nutritional disorders, and obesity; and kidney, urologic, and hematologic diseases\".", "National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases __knowledge__ As of 2015, the Director of the institute is Dr. Griffin P. Rodgers, who assumed the position on an acting basis in 2006 and on a permanent basis in 2007.", "The Bamboos (funk band) __knowledge__ The Bamboos are an Australian funk and soul band from Melbourne.", "The Bamboos (funk band) __knowledge__ The Bamboos were formed in 2000 in Melbourne Australia by NZ-born producer/guitarist/songwriter Lance Ferguson.", "The Bamboos (funk band) __knowledge__ The initial line-up consisted of Ferguson, Ben Grayson on Hammond organ, Stuart Speed on bass and Scott Lambie on drums.", "The Bamboos (funk band) __knowledge__ The band's first live performances were at The Night Cat in Fitzroy, where over an evening they would play three sets of instrumental material drawn from artists such as The Meters, James Brown, Grant Green, Ivan 'Boogaloo Joe' Jones and Reuben Wilson.", "The Bamboos (funk band) __knowledge__ In 2001 The Bamboos released their first self-funded 7\" 45 RPM single containing the original songs \"Eel Oil\" and \"Blackfoot\", earning them international acclaim from UK Deep Funk DJs Keb Darge, Snowboy, Mr Scruff, Patrick Forge and Russ Dewbury.", "Panama Papers __knowledge__ The Panama Papers are 11.5 million leaked documents that detail financial and attorney–client information for more than 214,488 offshore entities.", "Panama Papers __knowledge__ The documents, some dating back to the 1970s, were created by, and taken from, Panamanian law firm and corporate service provider Mossack Fonseca, and were leaked in 2015 by an anonymous source.", "Panama Papers __knowledge__ The documents contain personal financial information about wealthy individuals and public officials that had previously been kept private.", "Panama Papers __knowledge__ While offshore business entities are legal (see Offshore Magic Circle), reporters found that some of the Mossack Fonseca shell corporations were used for illegal purposes, including fraud, tax evasion, and evading international sanctions.", "The American Epic Sessions __knowledge__ The American Epic Sessions is a documentary film in which an engineer restores the fabled long-lost first electrical sound recording system from 1925, and twenty contemporary artists pay tribute to the momentous machine by attempting to record songs on it for the first time in 80 years.", "The American Epic Sessions __knowledge__ The film was directed and co-written by Bernard MacMahon and stars Nas, Alabama Shakes, Elton John, Willie Nelson, Merle Haggard, Jack White, Taj Mahal, Ana Gabriel, Pokey LaFarge, Beck, Ashley Monroe and Steve Martin.", "The American Epic Sessions __knowledge__ The film employed a diverse line-up of performers both ethnically and musically to represent the breadth of cultures that were first given a national platform through the invention of this recording machine.", "Bamboo blossom __knowledge__ Bamboo blossom is a natural phenomenon in which the bamboos in a location blossom and become hung with bamboo seeds.", "Bamboo blossom __knowledge__ In China, Myanmar and India, \"bamboo blossom\" was traditionally seen as a curse or an indication of a starvation coming.", "Bamboo blossom __knowledge__ Bamboos usually have a life-cycle of around 40 to 80 years, varying among species.", "Bamboo blossom __knowledge__ Normally, new bamboos grow up from bamboo shoots at the roots.", "Bamboo blossom __knowledge__ At infrequent intervals for most species, they will start to blossom.", "Bamboo blossom __knowledge__ After blossom, flowers produce fruit (called \"bamboo rice\" in parts of India and China).", "Bamboo blossom __knowledge__ Following this, the bamboo forest dies out.", "Bamboo blossom __knowledge__ Since a bamboo forest usually grows from a single bamboo, the death of bamboos occurs in a large area.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ Sounds Like Chicken was a band from Melbourne, Australia, which formed in 1999 and disbanded in 2007.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ They were one of Australia's most well-known ska bands and one of the most popular Christian bands in the country.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ They were signed to Boomtown Records.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ Sounds Like Chicken's musical style included a blend of Ska, Hardcore, Reggae & Rock.The band placed a high emphasis on touring and were known for their \"high energy\" live performances.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ Sounds Like Chicken shared stages and toured with such bands, including Reel Big Fish, Mad Caddies, Crowned King, Hilltop Hoods, Kisschasy, Area-7, Gyroscope, Bodyjar, 28 Days, Killing Heidi, The O.C.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Pet Sounds is the eleventh studio album by American rock band the Beach Boys, released on May 16, 1966.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ It initially met with a lukewarm critical and commercial response in the United States, peaking at number 10 in the \"Billboard\" 200, a significantly lower placement than the band's preceding albums.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the album was hailed by its music press and was an immediate commercial success, peaking at number 2 in the UK Top 40 Albums Chart and remaining among the top ten positions for six months.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Originally promoted as \"the most progressive pop album ever\", \"Pet Sounds\" attracted recognition for its ambitious recording and unusually sophisticated music, and is widely considered to be one of the most influential albums in music history." ] ]

[ 2, 13, 35, 15 ]

[ "I like green plants.", "Bamboo plants are some of the fastest-growing in the world.", "Bamboos can last up to 40 or even 80 years, which sounds like quite a long time.", "My mother likes to use the bamboo shoots in Asian dishes and broths." ]

[ "Plant", "Plant", "Plant", "Plant" ]

[ "The New York Times", "Awesome, when was it founded?", "nice, who founded NYT" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The New York Times __knowledge__ The New York Times (sometimes abbreviated as The\" \"NYT or The Times) is an American newspaper based in New York City with worldwide influence and readership.", "The New York Times __knowledge__ Founded in 1851, the paper has won 122 Pulitzer Prizes, more than any other newspaper.", "The New York Times __knowledge__ As of September 2016, it had the largest combined print-and-digital circulation of any daily newspaper in the United States.", "The New York Times __knowledge__ \"The New York Times\" is ranked 18th in the world by circulation.", "The New York Times __knowledge__ The paper is owned by The New York Times Company, which is publicly traded but primarily controlled by the Ochs-Sulzberger family through a dual-class share structure.", "The New York Times __knowledge__ It has been owned by the family since 1896; A.G. Sulzberger the paper's publisher and, his father, Arthur Ochs Sulzberger Jr. the company's chairman, is the fourth and fifth generation of the family to helm the paper.", "The New York Times __knowledge__ Nicknamed \"The Gray Lady\", \"The New York Times\" has long been regarded within the industry as a national \"newspaper of record\".", "The New York Times __knowledge__ The paper's motto, \"All the News That's Fit to Print\", appears in the upper left-hand corner of the front page.", "The New York Times __knowledge__ Since the mid-1970s, \"The New York Times\" has greatly expanded its layout and organization, adding special weekly sections on various topics supplementing the regular news, editorials, sports, and features." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The New York Times __knowledge__ The New York Times (sometimes abbreviated as The\" \"NYT or The Times) is an American newspaper based in New York City with worldwide influence and readership.", "The New York Times __knowledge__ Founded in 1851, the paper has won 122 Pulitzer Prizes, more than any other newspaper.", "The New York Times __knowledge__ As of September 2016, it had the largest combined print-and-digital circulation of any daily newspaper in the United States.", "The New York Times __knowledge__ \"The New York Times\" is ranked 18th in the world by circulation.", "The New York Times __knowledge__ The paper is owned by The New York Times Company, which is publicly traded but primarily controlled by the Ochs-Sulzberger family through a dual-class share structure.", "The New York Times __knowledge__ It has been owned by the family since 1896; A.G. Sulzberger the paper's publisher and, his father, Arthur Ochs Sulzberger Jr. the company's chairman, is the fourth and fifth generation of the family to helm the paper.", "The New York Times __knowledge__ Nicknamed \"The Gray Lady\", \"The New York Times\" has long been regarded within the industry as a national \"newspaper of record\".", "The New York Times __knowledge__ The paper's motto, \"All the News That's Fit to Print\", appears in the upper left-hand corner of the front page.", "The New York Times __knowledge__ Since the mid-1970s, \"The New York Times\" has greatly expanded its layout and organization, adding special weekly sections on various topics supplementing the regular news, editorials, sports, and features.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ Michael Lee Alfonso (January 24, 1965 – February 17, 2007) was an American professional wrestler.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ He was best known for his appearances with the American professional wrestling promotions Extreme Championship Wrestling, World Championship Wrestling and the World Wrestling Federation under the ring name Mike Awesome and for his appearances in Japan for with Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling and All Japan Pro Wrestling as The Gladiator.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ Alfonso was trained to wrestle by Steve Keirn, debuting on February 26, 1989.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ Alfonso trained for about one year along with former professional wrestlers, Dennis Knight (Mideon, Phineas Godwin) and the late \"Big\" Al Green before making his debut.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the series \"The Awesomes\".", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Professor Dr. Jeremy \"Prock\" Awesome (voiced by Seth Meyers) - The son of Mr.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Awesome.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Jeremy Awesome is the young new leader of the Awesomes.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Known as Prock (a portmanteau of Professor and Doctor, since Prock has a JD and an MD) he has always wanted to be a superhero like his father, Mr.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Awesome.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Prock disappointingly doesn't have any of his father's impressive physical powers: indeed, he is unimposing and injury-prone.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ However, he's the smartest on the team and a natural leader: in a crisis he comes up with excellent plans and assigns jobs to everyone on the team.", "Awesome Comics __knowledge__ Awesome Comics or Awesome Entertainment (also known as Awesome-Hyperwerks when they were briefly joined with Hyperwerks Entertainment) was an American comic book studio formed in 1997 by Image Comics co-founder Rob Liefeld.", "Awesome Comics __knowledge__ The company closed in 2000.", "Awesome Comics __knowledge__ In 1992, seven high-profile comics artists left Marvel Comics to form their own publisher, where comics creators could publish creator-owned material without having to give up copyright-control to their characters.", "Awesome Comics __knowledge__ The seven artists (bar Whilce Portacio, who opted not to become a full partner) formed a partnership between their individual studios, and published their comics under the over-arcing Image Comics banner.", "Awesome (window manager) __knowledge__ awesome is a dynamic window manager for the X Window System developed in the C and Lua programming languages.", "Awesome (window manager) __knowledge__ Lua is also used for configuring and extending the window manager.", "Awesome (window manager) __knowledge__ Its development began as a fork of dwm.", "Awesome (window manager) __knowledge__ It aims to be extremely small and fast, yet extensively customizable.", "Awesome (window manager) __knowledge__ It makes it possible for the user to manage windows with the use of keyboard.", "Awesome (window manager) __knowledge__ The fork was initially nicknamed \"jdwm\", with \"jd\" denoting the principal programmer's initials, and with dwm reminding of the software project it forked from.", "Awesome (window manager) __knowledge__ The first git repository for what was to become awesome was set up in September 2007. jdwm was renamed to awesome, named after the same phrase used by the \"How I Met Your Mother\" character Barney Stinson.", "Masato Tanaka __knowledge__ Originally a trainee for George and Shunji Takano's Pro Wrestling Crusaders, Tanaka transferred to Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling where he trained under Atsushi Onita.", "Masato Tanaka __knowledge__ Tanaka debuted on July 23, 1993 in Saga City, facing Ricky Fuji.", "Masato Tanaka __knowledge__ He quickly began moving up the card in FMW, widely regarded as the top hardcore professional wrestling promotion in Japan.", "Masato Tanaka __knowledge__ Wrestling in matches featuring explosions and barbed wire, Tanaka earned a variety of scars, and the nickname \"Dangan\", which he would often shout during his matches.", "Masato Tanaka __knowledge__ By 1996 he was one of the promotion's major stars, and had feuded with such luminaries as Mr. Pogo, Mr. Gannosuke, Terry Funk and Mike Awesome.", "1000 Awesome Things __knowledge__ 1000 Awesome Things is a regularly updated, Webby Award winning blog written by Neil Pasricha, who posts one awesome thing in life each weekday.", "1000 Awesome Things __knowledge__ The site was launched on June 20, 2008 with #1000 Broccoflower and is counting down until it hits #1.", "1000 Awesome Things __knowledge__ The topics covered on the blog are varied, and range from #981, Wearing underwear just out of the dryer, to #858, The other side of the pillow, and #773, watching your odometer click over a major milestone.", "1000 Awesome Things __knowledge__ An awesome thing is posted every weekday and #1 was posted on April 19, 2012.", "1000 Awesome Things __knowledge__ The website has a live stats counter on it and has approximately 48 million hits.", "Channel Awesome __knowledge__ Channel Awesome, Inc. is an American online media production company based in Lombard, Illinois.", "Channel Awesome __knowledge__ The company was created in 2008 by Mike Michaud, Mike Ellis, and Bhargav Dronamraju.", "Channel Awesome __knowledge__ Channel Awesome operated the That Guy with the Glasses website (often abbreviated TGWTG) until late 2014, when it was replaced by the \"Channel Awesome\" website.", "Channel Awesome __knowledge__ \"That Guy with the Glasses\" previously hosted fellow channels by \"Bar Fiesta\" beginning in November 2009, \"Blistered Thumbs\" beginning in November 2010.", "Channel Awesome __knowledge__ As of May 2015, Channel Awesome currently hosts a YouTube channel of the same name with an emphasis on the Walker Brothers' content, as well as the YouTube channel \"League of Super Critics\" that includes several of the site's other top producers.", "New York Herald Tribune __knowledge__ The New York Herald Tribune was a newspaper published between 1924 and 1966.", "New York Herald Tribune __knowledge__ It was created in 1924 when the \"New York Tribune\" acquired the \"New York Herald\".", "New York Herald Tribune __knowledge__ It was widely regarded as a \"writer's newspaper\" and competed with \"The New York Times\" in the daily morning market.", "New York Herald Tribune __knowledge__ The paper won at least nine Pulitzer Prizes during its lifetime.", "New York Herald Tribune __knowledge__ A \"Republican paper, a Protestant paper and a paper more representative of the suburbs than the ethnic mix of the city\", the \"Tribune\" generally did not match the comprehensiveness of \"The New York Times\" coverage, but its national, international and business coverage was generally viewed as among the best in the industry, as was its overall style.", "James Peck (pacifist) __knowledge__ James Peck (December 19, 1914July 12, 1993) was an American activist who practiced nonviolent resistance during World War II and in the Civil Rights Movement.", "James Peck (pacifist) __knowledge__ He is the only person who participated in both the Journey of Reconciliation (1947) and the first Freedom Ride of 1961, and has been called a white civil rights hero.", "James Peck (pacifist) __knowledge__ Peck advocated nonviolent civil disobedience throughout his life, and was arrested more than 60 times between the 1930s and 1980s.", "James Peck (pacifist) __knowledge__ James Peck (usually called \"Jim\") was born in Manhattan, the son of Samuel Peck, a wealthy clothing wholesaler, who died when his son was eleven years old.", "National Institute for Latino Policy __knowledge__ The National Institute for Latino Policy (NiLP) was established in 1982 as the Institute for Puerto Rican Policy (IPR) in New York City, United States as a non-profit and nonpartisan policy center focusing on critical Latino policy issues.", "National Institute for Latino Policy __knowledge__ Between 1999 and 2005, the Institute entered into a strategic alliance with the Puerto Rican Legal Defense and Education Fund (PRLDEF) (currently called Latino-Justice PRLDEF) during which it functioned as the Fund’s policy research arm.", "National Institute for Latino Policy __knowledge__ In November 2005, the Institute returned to its independent status and changed its name to the National Institute for Latino Policy.", "Thomas Franklin Fairfax Millard __knowledge__ Thomas Franklin Fairfax Millard (born July 8, 1868 in Missouri; died September 7, 1942 in Seattle, Washington) was an American journalist, newspaper editor, founder of the \"China Weekly Review\", author of seven influential books on the Far East and first American political adviser to the Chinese Republic, serving for over fifteen years.", "Thomas Franklin Fairfax Millard __knowledge__ Millard was \"the founding father of American journalism in China\", and \"the dean of American newspapermen in the Orient,\" who \"probably has had a greater influence on contemporary newspaper journalism than any other American journalist in China.” Millard was a war correspondent for the \"New York Herald\" during the Spanish–American War, the Boer War, the Boxer Uprising, the Russo-Japanese War and the Second Sino-Japanese War; he also had articles appear in such publications as \"The New York Times\", \"New York World\", \"New York Herald\", \"New York Herald Tribune\", \"Scribner's Magazine\", \"The Nation \"and \"The Cosmopolitan\", as well as in Britain's \"Daily Mail\" and the English-language \"Kobe Weekly Chronicle\" of Japan.", "Ernest Hemingway __knowledge__ Ernest Miller Hemingway (July 21, 1899 – July 2, 1961) was an American novelist, short story writer, and journalist.", "Ernest Hemingway __knowledge__ His economical and understated style had a strong influence on 20th-century fiction, while his life of adventure and his public image influenced later generations.", "Ernest Hemingway __knowledge__ Hemingway produced most of his work between the mid-1920s and the mid-1950s, and won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1954.", "Ernest Hemingway __knowledge__ He published seven novels, six short story collections, and two non-fiction works.", "Ernest Hemingway __knowledge__ Additional works, including three novels, four short story collections, and three non-fiction works, were published posthumously.", "The Times __knowledge__ The Times is a British daily (Monday to Saturday) national newspaper based in London, England.", "The Times __knowledge__ It began in 1785 under the title , adopting its current name on 1 January 1788.", "The Times __knowledge__ \"The Times\" and its sister paper \"The Sunday Times\" (founded in 1821) are published by Times Newspapers, since 1981 a subsidiary of News UK, itself wholly owned by News Corp. \"The Times\" and \"The Sunday Times\" do not share editorial staff, were founded independently and have only had common ownership since 1967.", "The Times __knowledge__ In 1959, the historian of journalism Allan Nevins analysed the importance of \"The Times\" in shaping the views of events of London's elite: For much more than a century \"The Times\" has been an integral and important part of the political structure of Great Britain." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The New York Times __knowledge__ The New York Times (sometimes abbreviated as The\" \"NYT or The Times) is an American newspaper based in New York City with worldwide influence and readership.", "The New York Times __knowledge__ Founded in 1851, the paper has won 122 Pulitzer Prizes, more than any other newspaper.", "The New York Times __knowledge__ As of September 2016, it had the largest combined print-and-digital circulation of any daily newspaper in the United States.", "The New York Times __knowledge__ \"The New York Times\" is ranked 18th in the world by circulation.", "The New York Times __knowledge__ The paper is owned by The New York Times Company, which is publicly traded but primarily controlled by the Ochs-Sulzberger family through a dual-class share structure.", "The New York Times __knowledge__ It has been owned by the family since 1896; A.G. Sulzberger the paper's publisher and, his father, Arthur Ochs Sulzberger Jr. the company's chairman, is the fourth and fifth generation of the family to helm the paper.", "The New York Times __knowledge__ Nicknamed \"The Gray Lady\", \"The New York Times\" has long been regarded within the industry as a national \"newspaper of record\".", "The New York Times __knowledge__ The paper's motto, \"All the News That's Fit to Print\", appears in the upper left-hand corner of the front page.", "The New York Times __knowledge__ Since the mid-1970s, \"The New York Times\" has greatly expanded its layout and organization, adding special weekly sections on various topics supplementing the regular news, editorials, sports, and features.", "2001 world oil market chronology __knowledge__ \"Sources include: Dow Jones (DJ), New York Times (NYT), Wall Street Journal (WSJ), and the Washington Post (WP).\"", "2001 world oil market chronology __knowledge__ January 10 The White House announces that President Clinton will not designate the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR) as a national monument prior to his departure from office.", "2001 world oil market chronology __knowledge__ Environmentalist groups had been pressing for national monument status for the ANWR to prevent oil drilling.", "2001 world oil market chronology __knowledge__ (DJ) January 17 OPEC agrees at a meeting of ministers in Vienna, to reduce members' production quotas by per day.", "2001 world oil market chronology __knowledge__ The move comes in response to OPEC members' concerns about declining prices.", "2001 world oil market chronology __knowledge__ Analysts expect the actual production cuts to total somewhat less than per day, as some OPEC members had quotas above their actual production capacity.", "Pacific Rim (film) __knowledge__ Pacific Rim is a 2013 American science fiction action film directed by Guillermo del Toro and starring Charlie Hunnam, Idris Elba, Rinko Kikuchi, Charlie Day, Burn Gorman, Robert Kazinsky, Max Martini, and Ron Perlman.", "Pacific Rim (film) __knowledge__ The screenplay was written by Travis Beacham and del Toro from a story by Beacham.", "Pacific Rim (film) __knowledge__ The film is set in the future, when Earth is at war with the Kaiju, colossal sea monsters which have emerged from an interdimensional portal on the bottom of the Pacific Ocean.", "Pacific Rim (film) __knowledge__ To combat the monsters, humanity unites to create the Jaegers, gigantic humanoid mechas, each controlled by at least two pilots, whose minds are joined by a mental link.", "Loss of MV Alva Cape __knowledge__ In June 1966, the British oil tanker MV \"Alva Cape\" caught fire twice in New York Harbor, first in a collision with tanker \"Texaco Massachusetts\", and next while unloading cargo, and was subsequently scuttled offshore.", "Loss of MV Alva Cape __knowledge__ Several dozen people were killed in the two fires.", "Loss of MV Alva Cape __knowledge__ \"Alva Cape\" was built at the Greenock Dockyard Company in 1953.", "Loss of MV Alva Cape __knowledge__ She was long, with a beam of , and a draft of , and measured 11,252 GRT and 16,590 DWT. At the time of her loss, she was owned by the Alva Steamship Company and under charter to Esso.", "Loss of MV Alva Cape __knowledge__ \"Texaco Massachusetts\" was built in 1963 and was owned by Domestic Tankers.", "Pacific Rim Mining Corporation __knowledge__ The Pacific Rim Mining Corporation is a Vancouver, Canada-based multinational mining company that works throughout the Americas.", "Pacific Rim Mining Corporation __knowledge__ It merged with Dayton Mining Corporation in 2002.", "Pacific Rim Mining Corporation __knowledge__ Its President and Chief Executive Officer, Thomas Shrake, is a United States citizen and a resident of Nevada.", "Pacific Rim Mining Corporation __knowledge__ Pacific Rim's principal corporate offices are in Reno, Nevada.", "Pacific Rim Mining Corporation __knowledge__ Pacific Rim Mining Corporation describes itself as \"a gold exploration company with projects in El Salvador and Nevada, USA.", "Pacific Rim Mining Corporation __knowledge__ The Company focuses its exploration efforts on epithermal gold deposits in the Americas because of their typically high gold and silver grades, low environmental risk and propensity to occur in veins that can be mined underground.", "Edward Wilson (actor) __knowledge__ Edward William \"Ed\" Wilson, FRSA (13 July 1947 – 2 February 2008) was an English actor and the Artistic Director of the National Youth Theatre from 1987–2003; he later moved to Los Angeles.", "Edward Wilson (actor) __knowledge__ Born in South Shields, County Durham, the son of Thomasina (née Moore), and William James Wilson, a pitman, he attended the local grammar school.", "Edward Wilson (actor) __knowledge__ While still a schoolboy, Wilson performed at the National Youth Theatre (NYT) in London during his summer holidays, having auditioned for its founder-director Michael Croft.", "Edward Wilson (actor) __knowledge__ Aged 19, he established the South Shields Youth Theatre in his home town, performing in the Pier Pavilion Theatre to rave reviews from the local papers, though the town councillors were less impressed by his choice of \"kitchen sink drama\" repertoire.", "Adaptive Huffman coding __knowledge__ Adaptive Huffman coding (also called Dynamic Huffman coding) is an adaptive coding technique based on Huffman coding.", "Adaptive Huffman coding __knowledge__ It permits building the code as the symbols are being transmitted, having no initial knowledge of source distribution, that allows one-pass encoding and adaptation to changing conditions in data.", "Adaptive Huffman coding __knowledge__ The benefit of one-pass procedure is that the source can be encoded in real time, though it becomes more sensitive to transmission errors, since just a single loss ruins the whole code.", "Adaptive Huffman coding __knowledge__ There are a number of implementations of this method, the most notable are FGK (Faller-Gallager-Knuth) and Vitter algorithm.", "Andrew Weil __knowledge__ Andrew Weil, MD (, born June 8, 1942) is an American celebrity doctor who is a physician, author, spokesperson, and broadly described \"guru\" of the alternative medical brands: \"holistic health\" and \"integrative medicine\", whose names also constitute an emerging brand of healthcare services and products in these fields.", "Andrew Weil __knowledge__ Weil studied at Harvard in the early 1960s, bringing him into contact with social scientists David McClelland, Richard Alpert, and Timothy Leary.", "Andrew Weil __knowledge__ Weil is known somewhat controversially for being the informant responsible for the firing of Leary and Alpert from Harvard.", "Andrew Weil __knowledge__ He graduated cum laude in 1964 from a biology major and a concentration in the ethnobotany of medicinal plants, following this with an Harvard M.D.", "Joseph Pulitzer __knowledge__ Joseph J. Pulitzer (; ; born József Pulitzer; April 10, 1847 – October 29, 1911) was a newspaper publisher of the \"St. Louis Post Dispatch\" and the \"New York World\".", "Joseph Pulitzer __knowledge__ Pulitzer introduced the techniques of yellow journalism (a type of journalism that presents little or no legitimate well-researched news) to the newspapers he acquired in the 1880s.", "Joseph Pulitzer __knowledge__ He became a leading national figure in the Democratic Party and was elected congressman from New York.", "Joseph Pulitzer __knowledge__ He crusaded against big business and corruption, and helped keep the Statue of Liberty in New York.", "Joseph Pulitzer __knowledge__ In the 1890s the fierce competition between his \"World\" and William Randolph Hearst's \"New York Journal\" caused both to use yellow journalism for wider appeal; it opened the way to mass-circulation newspapers that depended on advertising revenue and appealed to readers with multiple forms of news, entertainment and advertising.", "The Oregonian __knowledge__ The Oregonian is a daily newspaper based in Portland, Oregon, owned by Advance Publications.", "The Oregonian __knowledge__ It is the oldest continuously published newspaper on the U.S. west coast, founded as a weekly by Thomas J. Dryer on December 4, 1850, and published daily since 1861.", "The Oregonian __knowledge__ It is the largest newspaper in Oregon and the second largest in the Pacific Northwest by circulation.", "The Oregonian __knowledge__ The Sunday edition is published under the title \"The Sunday Oregonian\".", "The Oregonian __knowledge__ \"The Oregonian\" received the 2001 Pulitzer Prize for Public Service, the only gold medal annually awarded by the organization.", "The Oregonian __knowledge__ The paper's staff or individual writers have received seven other Pulitzer Prizes, most recently the award for Editorial Writing in 2014.", "List of Pulitzer Prizes awarded to The New York Times __knowledge__ Since 1918, \"The New York Times\" daily newspaper has won 122 Pulitzer Prizes, a prize awarded for excellence in journalism in a range of categories.", "Pulitzer Prize for Drama __knowledge__ The Pulitzer Prize for Drama is one of the seven American Pulitzer Prizes that are annually awarded for Letters, Drama, and Music.", "Pulitzer Prize for Drama __knowledge__ It is one of the original Pulitzers, for the program was inaugurated in 1917 with seven prizes, four of which were awarded that year.", "Pulitzer Prize for Drama __knowledge__ (No Drama prize was given, however, so that one was inaugurated 1918 in a sense.)", "Pulitzer Prize for Drama __knowledge__ It recognizes a theatrical work staged in the U.S. during the preceding calendar year.", "Pulitzer Prize for Drama __knowledge__ Through 2006 the Drama Prize was unlike the majority of the other Pulitzer Prizes: during these years, the eligibility period for the drama prize ran from March 1 to March 2, to reflect the Broadway 'season' rather than the calendar year.", "The Wall Street Journal __knowledge__ The Wall Street Journal is an American business-focused, English-language international daily newspaper based in New York City.", "The Wall Street Journal __knowledge__ The \"Journal\", along with its Asian and European editions, is published six days a week by Dow Jones & Company, a division of News Corp.", "The Wall Street Journal __knowledge__ The newspaper is published in the broadsheet format and online.", "The Wall Street Journal __knowledge__ \"The Wall Street Journal\" is the largest newspaper in the United States by circulation.", "The Wall Street Journal __knowledge__ According to News Corp, in their June 2017 10-K Filing with the SEC, the \"Journal\" had a circulation of about 2.277million copies (including nearly 1,270,000 digital subscriptions) , compared with \"USA Today\"s 1.7million.", "Pulitzer Prize for Music __knowledge__ The Pulitzer Prize for Music is one of the seven American Pulitzer Prizes that are annually awarded for Letters, Drama, and Music.", "Pulitzer Prize for Music __knowledge__ It was first awarded in 1943.", "Pulitzer Prize for Music __knowledge__ Joseph Pulitzer did not call for such a prize in his will, but had arranged for a music scholarship to be awarded each year.", "Pulitzer Prize for Music __knowledge__ This was eventually converted into a full-fledged prize: \"For a distinguished musical composition of significant dimension by an American that has had its first performance in the United States during the year.\"", "Pulitzer Prize for Music __knowledge__ Because of the requirement that the composition had its world premiere during the year of its award, the winning work had rarely been recorded and sometimes had received only one performance." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 5 ]

[ "my dad is journalist for the new york times. It is an american newspaper based in NYC. ever read it?", "1851. So quite old! It has also won 122 Pulitzer Prizes.", "Not sure about who founded it, but the Ochs-Sulzberger family has owned it since 1896." ]

[ "The New York Times", "The New York Times", "The New York Times" ]

[ "Volkswagen Passat\nI drive a 2011 Volkswagen Passat. I just bought it used! Have you ever driven one?", "Really? That's pretty cool. You must be an expect about it? Do you work with the company?", "Yeah I was actually looking at the model. It was a toss up between my 2011 and the 2008 model. I preferred to go with the newer one!", "Yeah, I like to buy a car that's made locally. It's part of the reason why I decided to pick one." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Volkswagen Passat __knowledge__ The Volkswagen Passat () is a large family car produced by the German automaker Volkswagen since 1973, through eight design generations.", "Volkswagen Passat __knowledge__ It is positioned between the Volkswagen Golf (Jetta) and the Volkswagen Phaeton in the current Volkswagen line-up and its derivatives have been badged variously as the Dasher, Santana, Quantum, Magotan, Corsar and Carat.", "Volkswagen Passat __knowledge__ The successive generations of the Passat carry the Volkswagen internal designations B1, B2, etc.", "Volkswagen Passat __knowledge__ which originally ran concurrently with those of the Audi 80 and A4 with which the Passat has shared its engineering platform at certain model generations, although this link has now been severed.", "Volkswagen Passat __knowledge__ In 2008, Volkswagen extended its range with the launch of the Passat CC, a \"four-door coupé\" version of the Passat.", "Volkswagen Passat __knowledge__ Volkswagen currently markets two variants of the Passat globally.", "Volkswagen Passat __knowledge__ In January 2011, Volkswagen announced that the new mid-size sedan (NMS) being built at the Volkswagen Chattanooga Assembly Plant for the North American market would be named the Passat.", "Volkswagen Passat __knowledge__ Shanghai Volkswagen Automotive also manufactures the Passat NMS in its Nanjing factory.", "Volkswagen Passat __knowledge__ The NMS is sold in the North American, South Korean, Chinese, and Middle Eastern markets.", "Volkswagen Passat __knowledge__ The Volkswagen Passat NMS won the 2012 Motor Trend Car of the Year.", "Volkswagen Passat NMS __knowledge__ The 2012 Volkswagen Passat (formerly known as the Volkswagen New Midsize Sedan, or NMS while under development) is a mid-sized sedan which replaces the previous-generation Passat B6 in the North American market.", "Volkswagen Passat NMS __knowledge__ The model is also shipped overseas to South Korea.", "Volkswagen Passat NMS __knowledge__ The Passat NMS was officially announced in January 2011 at the Detroit Auto Show.", "Volkswagen Passat NMS __knowledge__ Built at the Volkswagen Chattanooga Assembly Plant, the new Passat allows building and shipping costs to be reduced significantly over its predecessor making it more competitive to offerings from competitors at the $20K mark.", "Volkswagen Passat NMS __knowledge__ The Passat NMS is part of Volkswagen Group's strategy to sell upwards of 800,000 vehicles per year in the North American market.", "Volkswagen __knowledge__ Volkswagen ( - ), shortened to VW, is a German automaker founded on May 28, 1937 by the German Labour Front under Adolf Hitler and headquartered in Wolfsburg.", "Volkswagen __knowledge__ It is the flagship marque of the Volkswagen Group, the largest automaker by worldwide sales in 2016.", "Volkswagen __knowledge__ \"Volkswagen\" is German for \"people's car\", and the company's current international advertising slogan is just \"Volkswagen\".", "Volkswagen __knowledge__ American English pronunciation is approximately \"volks wagon\" ().", "Volkswagen __knowledge__ Volkswagen was originally established in 1937 by the German Labour Front (Deutsche Arbeitsfront) in Berlin.", "Volkswagen __knowledge__ In the early 1930s, the German auto industry was still largely composed of luxury models, and the average German could rarely afford anything more than a motorcycle.", "Volkswagen Passat (B6) __knowledge__ The Volkswagen Passat (B6 & B7) is a front-engine D-segment large family car manufactured and marketed by Volkswagen from 2005-2010 (B6) and from 2010-2015 (B7, facelift).", "Volkswagen Passat (B6) __knowledge__ Respectively the six and seventh generation Passat, and internally designated \"B6\" and \"B7\", they were marketed in sedan and wagon body styles in front-wheel as well as all-wheel drive configurations, with a range of petrol and diesel engines.", "Volkswagen Passat (B6) __knowledge__ The B6 debuted at the Geneva Motor Show in March 2005, and launched in Europe in the summer of 2005, using a long-wheelbase version of the fifth-generation Golf and Jetta, along with a transverse engine layout.", "Volkswagen Jetta __knowledge__ The Volkswagen Jetta () is a compact car/small family car produced by the German manufacturer Volkswagen since 1979.", "Volkswagen Jetta __knowledge__ Positioned to fill a sedan niche above the firm's Golf hatchback offering, it has been marketed over six generations variously as the Atlantic, Fox, Vento, Bora, City Jetta, Jetta City, GLI, Jetta, Clasico, Voyage, and Sagitar.", "Volkswagen Jetta __knowledge__ The Jetta was originally adapted by adding a conventional trunk to the Golf hatchback, and some distinctive styling (usually the front end, and sometimes slight interior changes).", "Volkswagen Jetta __knowledge__ It has been offered in two- and four-door saloon / sedan, and five-door wagon / estate versions – all as four- or five-seaters.", "Audi 80 __knowledge__ The Audi 80 is a compact executive car produced by the German manufacturer Audi (initially known as Auto Union and Audi NSU Auto Union) from 1966 to 1996.", "Audi 80 __knowledge__ It shared its platform with the Volkswagen Passat from 1973 to 1986 and was available as a sedan, and an Avant (Audi's name for a station wagon).", "Audi 80 __knowledge__ The coupé and convertible models were not badged as members of the range but shared the same platform and many parts.", "Audi 80 __knowledge__ In North America and Australia, the 80 was sold as the Audi Fox for model years 1973–79, and as the Audi 4000 for model years 1980–87 in the USA.", "Audi 80 __knowledge__ The Audi 90 was an upmarket version of the Audi 80.", "Official state car __knowledge__ An official state car is a car used by a government to transport its head of state or head of government in an official capacity, which may also be used occasionally to transport other members of the government or visiting dignitaries from other countries.", "Official state car __knowledge__ A few countries bring their own official state car for state visits to other countries, for instance, the United States, Russia and the United Kingdom.", "Official state car __knowledge__ It also may serve as an automotive symbol of the head of state and their country.", "Official state car __knowledge__ Part of the criteria for an official state car is to have adequate security, capability and stateliness for its duty." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Volkswagen Passat __knowledge__ The Volkswagen Passat () is a large family car produced by the German automaker Volkswagen since 1973, through eight design generations.", "Volkswagen Passat __knowledge__ It is positioned between the Volkswagen Golf (Jetta) and the Volkswagen Phaeton in the current Volkswagen line-up and its derivatives have been badged variously as the Dasher, Santana, Quantum, Magotan, Corsar and Carat.", "Volkswagen Passat __knowledge__ The successive generations of the Passat carry the Volkswagen internal designations B1, B2, etc.", "Volkswagen Passat __knowledge__ which originally ran concurrently with those of the Audi 80 and A4 with which the Passat has shared its engineering platform at certain model generations, although this link has now been severed.", "Volkswagen Passat __knowledge__ In 2008, Volkswagen extended its range with the launch of the Passat CC, a \"four-door coupé\" version of the Passat.", "Volkswagen Passat __knowledge__ Volkswagen currently markets two variants of the Passat globally.", "Volkswagen Passat __knowledge__ In January 2011, Volkswagen announced that the new mid-size sedan (NMS) being built at the Volkswagen Chattanooga Assembly Plant for the North American market would be named the Passat.", "Volkswagen Passat __knowledge__ Shanghai Volkswagen Automotive also manufactures the Passat NMS in its Nanjing factory.", "Volkswagen Passat __knowledge__ The NMS is sold in the North American, South Korean, Chinese, and Middle Eastern markets.", "Volkswagen Passat __knowledge__ The Volkswagen Passat NMS won the 2012 Motor Trend Car of the Year.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ The manga series \"Rurouni Kenshin\" features a large cast of fictional characters created by Nobuhiro Watsuki.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ Set in Japan during the Meiji period, several of the characters are real historical figures who interact with the fictional characters.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ The story follows a pacifist wanderer named Himura Kenshin, who was previously an assassin known as \"\"Hitokiri Battōsai\"\" working for the Isshin Shishi during the Bakumatsu period.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ After helping Kamiya Kaoru, the instructor of a kendo school in Tokyo, in defeating a criminal he is invited by her to stay at her dojo.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ During his stay in Tokyo, Kenshin befriends new people including Myōjin Yahiko, a young child descendant from a samurai family who starts training under Kaoru, Sagara Sanosuke, a former Sekihō who enjoys fighting, and Takani Megumi, a doctor involved with the illegal drug trade.", "Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 2010–2011 __knowledge__ The following is a list of recurring \"Saturday Night Live\" characters and sketches introduced between September 25, 2010, and May 21, 2011, the thirty-sixth season of \"SNL\".", "Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 2010–2011 __knowledge__ Vanessa Bayer plays teen Disney Channel star Miley Cyrus as the exuberant host of her own talk show.", "Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 2010–2011 __knowledge__ (Theme song: \"I've got guests, and a show, and I'm ready to go!", "Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 2010–2011 __knowledge__ So I guess that's pretty cool!", "Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 2010–2011 __knowledge__ It's pretty cool!\")", "Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 2010–2011 __knowledge__ Bryan Cranston played her father and house band leader Billy Ray Cyrus in the sketch's debut; he was replaced by Jason Sudeikis in later installments.", "Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 2010–2011 __knowledge__ Bayer performed her impression of Cyrus during her auditions for SNL.", "Dear... (The Grace album) __knowledge__ Dear... is The Grace's second Japanese album released on January 9, 2009.", "Dear... (The Grace album) __knowledge__ The title track \"\"Sukoshi de Ikara\" (少しでいいから) (A Little Bit of Good)\" was used as the movie \"Subaru\" soundtrack song.", "Dear... (The Grace album) __knowledge__ Tenjochiki's second studio album includes 2 singles released from July 2008 in Japan including the B-side of their 7th single \"Here\": \"Near: Thoughtful 1220\" and the album consists of a total of 9 tracks.", "Dear... (The Grace album) __knowledge__ The album peaked #14 on Oricon daily album charts and #37 on the Oricon weekly album charts, charted for 3 weeks and sold 4,734 copies, making their most successful Japanese album so far.", "Dear... (The Grace album) __knowledge__ Known as “The Grace” in Korea and “Tenjo Chiki” in Japan, the pop group consists of So.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "Rolfe Kanefsky __knowledge__ Rolfe Kanefsky (born 1969) is an American film writer/director who specializes in horror films.", "Rolfe Kanefsky __knowledge__ Kanefsky grew up in the suburbs of New York and attended Hampshire College where he studied Film.", "Rolfe Kanefsky __knowledge__ He began writing stories at a young age after his childhood dream of becoming a clown took the backseat to his interest in film.", "Rolfe Kanefsky __knowledge__ By the time he was twenty-one, Rolfe had written and directed the original cult classic horror spoof \"There's Nothing Out There\".", "Rolfe Kanefsky __knowledge__ Rolfe eventually moved to California and has since been making his living writing and directing.", "Rolfe Kanefsky __knowledge__ Kanefsky has directed 15 of his own films and been the writer on several others.", "Tekken: Blood Vengeance __knowledge__ The plot, which takes place in an alternate storyline between the events of \"Tekken 5\" and \"Tekken 6\", begins with Anna Williams setting up a decoy for her sister, Nina Williams, who is currently working with the new head of the Mishima Zaibatsu, Jin Kazama.", "Tekken: Blood Vengeance __knowledge__ Anna, on the other hand, works for Jin's father, Kazuya Mishima and its rival organization, G Corporation.", "Tekken: Blood Vengeance __knowledge__ Both are seeking information about a student named Shin Kamiya, and Anna dispatches a Chinese student, Ling Xiaoyu to act as a spy, while Jin sends humanoid robot Alisa Bosconovitch for a similar purpose.", "Tekken: Blood Vengeance __knowledge__ During their investigation, Xiaoyu and Alisa form a friendship, unaware that the other is working for their enemy, although they are forced to turn against one another when Shin is captured by an unknown assailant.", "2015 AAA Texas 500 __knowledge__ The 2015 AAA Texas 500 was a NASCAR Sprint Cup Series race held on November 8, 2015, at Texas Motor Speedway in Fort Worth, Texas.", "2015 AAA Texas 500 __knowledge__ Contested over 334 laps on the 1.5 mile (2.4 km) intermediate quad-oval, it was the 34th race of the 2015 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series season, eighth race of the Chase and second race of the Eliminator Round.", "2015 AAA Texas 500 __knowledge__ Jimmie Johnson won the race, his fifth of the season.", "2015 AAA Texas 500 __knowledge__ Brad Keselowski finished second.", "2015 AAA Texas 500 __knowledge__ Kevin Harvick, Kyle Busch and Carl Edwards rounded out the top-five.", "2015 AAA Texas 500 __knowledge__ Keselowski won the pole for the race and led a race high of 312 laps on his way to a runner-up finish.", "2015 AAA Texas 500 __knowledge__ The race had 15 lead changes among eight different drivers, as well as nine caution flag periods for 47 laps.", "Volkswagen __knowledge__ Volkswagen ( - ), shortened to VW, is a German automaker founded on May 28, 1937 by the German Labour Front under Adolf Hitler and headquartered in Wolfsburg.", "Volkswagen __knowledge__ It is the flagship marque of the Volkswagen Group, the largest automaker by worldwide sales in 2016.", "Volkswagen __knowledge__ \"Volkswagen\" is German for \"people's car\", and the company's current international advertising slogan is just \"Volkswagen\".", "Volkswagen __knowledge__ American English pronunciation is approximately \"volks wagon\" ().", "Volkswagen __knowledge__ Volkswagen was originally established in 1937 by the German Labour Front (Deutsche Arbeitsfront) in Berlin.", "Volkswagen __knowledge__ In the early 1930s, the German auto industry was still largely composed of luxury models, and the average German could rarely afford anything more than a motorcycle.", "Volkswagen Passat NMS __knowledge__ The 2012 Volkswagen Passat (formerly known as the Volkswagen New Midsize Sedan, or NMS while under development) is a mid-sized sedan which replaces the previous-generation Passat B6 in the North American market.", "Volkswagen Passat NMS __knowledge__ The model is also shipped overseas to South Korea.", "Volkswagen Passat NMS __knowledge__ The Passat NMS was officially announced in January 2011 at the Detroit Auto Show.", "Volkswagen Passat NMS __knowledge__ Built at the Volkswagen Chattanooga Assembly Plant, the new Passat allows building and shipping costs to be reduced significantly over its predecessor making it more competitive to offerings from competitors at the $20K mark.", "Volkswagen Passat NMS __knowledge__ The Passat NMS is part of Volkswagen Group's strategy to sell upwards of 800,000 vehicles per year in the North American market.", "Audi 80 __knowledge__ The Audi 80 is a compact executive car produced by the German manufacturer Audi (initially known as Auto Union and Audi NSU Auto Union) from 1966 to 1996.", "Audi 80 __knowledge__ It shared its platform with the Volkswagen Passat from 1973 to 1986 and was available as a sedan, and an Avant (Audi's name for a station wagon).", "Audi 80 __knowledge__ The coupé and convertible models were not badged as members of the range but shared the same platform and many parts.", "Audi 80 __knowledge__ In North America and Australia, the 80 was sold as the Audi Fox for model years 1973–79, and as the Audi 4000 for model years 1980–87 in the USA.", "Audi 80 __knowledge__ The Audi 90 was an upmarket version of the Audi 80.", "Volkswagen Jetta __knowledge__ The Volkswagen Jetta () is a compact car/small family car produced by the German manufacturer Volkswagen since 1979.", "Volkswagen Jetta __knowledge__ Positioned to fill a sedan niche above the firm's Golf hatchback offering, it has been marketed over six generations variously as the Atlantic, Fox, Vento, Bora, City Jetta, Jetta City, GLI, Jetta, Clasico, Voyage, and Sagitar.", "Volkswagen Jetta __knowledge__ The Jetta was originally adapted by adding a conventional trunk to the Golf hatchback, and some distinctive styling (usually the front end, and sometimes slight interior changes).", "Volkswagen Jetta __knowledge__ It has been offered in two- and four-door saloon / sedan, and five-door wagon / estate versions – all as four- or five-seaters.", "Volkswagen Passat (B6) __knowledge__ The Volkswagen Passat (B6 & B7) is a front-engine D-segment large family car manufactured and marketed by Volkswagen from 2005-2010 (B6) and from 2010-2015 (B7, facelift).", "Volkswagen Passat (B6) __knowledge__ Respectively the six and seventh generation Passat, and internally designated \"B6\" and \"B7\", they were marketed in sedan and wagon body styles in front-wheel as well as all-wheel drive configurations, with a range of petrol and diesel engines.", "Volkswagen Passat (B6) __knowledge__ The B6 debuted at the Geneva Motor Show in March 2005, and launched in Europe in the summer of 2005, using a long-wheelbase version of the fifth-generation Golf and Jetta, along with a transverse engine layout.", "Volkswagen Passat Lingyu __knowledge__ The Volkswagen Passat Lingyu, is a Chinese mid-sized Volkswagen produced by Shanghai Volkswagen at its plants in Anting and Nanjing.", "Volkswagen Passat Lingyu __knowledge__ It was launched in 2005 and replaced the Volkswagen Passat (B5).", "Volkswagen Passat Lingyu __knowledge__ It is a rebadged model of the Škoda Superb I with more luxurious trim levels.", "Volkswagen Passat Lingyu __knowledge__ In 2009 itself was replaced by the Volkswagen Passat Variant.", "Volkswagen Passat Lingyu __knowledge__ The Passat Lingyu was offered in following equipment lines: Standard (标准型), Luxury (豪华型), VIP and Flagship (旗舰型).", "Volkswagen Passat Lingyu __knowledge__ The Standard had a four-cylinder engine with a displacement of 1984 cc and a power of 85 kW.", "Volkswagen Passat Lingyu __knowledge__ The Luxury and the VIP were delivered with a turbo engine with a displacement of 1781 cc and a power of 110 kW." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Volkswagen Passat __knowledge__ The Volkswagen Passat () is a large family car produced by the German automaker Volkswagen since 1973, through eight design generations.", "Volkswagen Passat __knowledge__ It is positioned between the Volkswagen Golf (Jetta) and the Volkswagen Phaeton in the current Volkswagen line-up and its derivatives have been badged variously as the Dasher, Santana, Quantum, Magotan, Corsar and Carat.", "Volkswagen Passat __knowledge__ The successive generations of the Passat carry the Volkswagen internal designations B1, B2, etc.", "Volkswagen Passat __knowledge__ which originally ran concurrently with those of the Audi 80 and A4 with which the Passat has shared its engineering platform at certain model generations, although this link has now been severed.", "Volkswagen Passat __knowledge__ In 2008, Volkswagen extended its range with the launch of the Passat CC, a \"four-door coupé\" version of the Passat.", "Volkswagen Passat __knowledge__ Volkswagen currently markets two variants of the Passat globally.", "Volkswagen Passat __knowledge__ In January 2011, Volkswagen announced that the new mid-size sedan (NMS) being built at the Volkswagen Chattanooga Assembly Plant for the North American market would be named the Passat.", "Volkswagen Passat __knowledge__ Shanghai Volkswagen Automotive also manufactures the Passat NMS in its Nanjing factory.", "Volkswagen Passat __knowledge__ The NMS is sold in the North American, South Korean, Chinese, and Middle Eastern markets.", "Volkswagen Passat __knowledge__ The Volkswagen Passat NMS won the 2012 Motor Trend Car of the Year.", "Dodge Viper __knowledge__ The Dodge Viper is a super car manufactured by Dodge (SRT for 2013 and 2014), a division of FCA US LLC from 1992 through 2017 having taken a brief hiatus from 2010-2013.", "Dodge Viper __knowledge__ Production of the two-seat sports car began at New Mack Assembly in 1988 and moved to Conner Avenue Assembly in October 1995.", "Dodge Viper __knowledge__ Although Chrysler considered ending production because of serious financial problems, on September 14, 2010, chief executive Sergio Marchionne announced and showed a new model of the Viper for 2012.", "Dodge Viper __knowledge__ In 2014, the Viper was named number 10 on the \"Most American Cars\" list, meaning 75% or more of its parts are manufactured in the U.S.", "Ford Crown Victoria __knowledge__ The Ford Crown Victoria (or simply Crown Vic) is a rear-wheel-drive full-size four-door sedan that was marketed and manufactured by Ford from the 1992 to the 2011 model years over two generations.", "Ford Crown Victoria __knowledge__ Discontinued in 2011, the latter-day Crown Victoria began production in 1991 at Ford's St. Thomas Assembly plant in Southwold, Ontario, Canada.", "Ford Crown Victoria __knowledge__ Dropping its previous LTD prefix, Ford instead revived a nameplate once used on a two-door version of the Fairlane sold in the North American market for the 1955 model year.", "Ford Crown Victoria __knowledge__ The Crown Victoria shared the Ford Panther platform and major powertrain, body, and suspension components with the Lincoln Town Car and Mercury Grand Marquis.", "Ford Escape __knowledge__ The Ford Escape is a compact crossover vehicle sold by Ford since 2000 over three generations.", "Ford Escape __knowledge__ Ford released the original model in 2000 for the 2001 model year—a model jointly developed and released with Mazda of Japan—who took a lead in the engineering of the two models and sold their version as the Mazda Tribute.", "Ford Escape __knowledge__ Although the Escape and Tribute share the same underpinnings constructed from the Ford CD2 platform (based on Mazda GF underpinnings), the only panels common to the two vehicles are the roof and floor pressings.", "Ford Escape __knowledge__ Powertrains were supplied by Mazda with respect to the base inline-four engine, with Ford providing the optional V6.", "Honda Fit __knowledge__ The Honda Fit, also marketed as the Honda Jazz, is a five-door, front-engine, front-wheel drive B-segment subcompact car manufactured and marketed by Honda since 2001 and now in its third generation.", "Honda Fit __knowledge__ Marketed worldwide and manufactured at ten plants in eight countries, sales reached almost 5 million by mid-2013.", "Honda Fit __knowledge__ Sharing Honda's global small-car platform with the City, Airwave, Mobilio, Mobilio Spike, Freed and Freed Spike, the Fit is noted for its one-box or monospace with an interior design concept that achieves a re-configurable cargo volume competitive with larger vehicles.", "Honda Fit __knowledge__ Honda released hybrid petrol-electric versions of the Fit in Japan in October 2010 and in Europe in early 2011.", "List of New Zealand Test cricket victories __knowledge__ This is a list of the New Zealand national cricket team's test match victories.", "List of New Zealand Test cricket victories __knowledge__ The New Zealand cricket team played its first Test in January 1930 against England in Christchurch, New Zealand.", "List of New Zealand Test cricket victories __knowledge__ The team won their first Test 45 matches and 26 years later, against the West Indies at Eden Park, Auckland in the 1955/56 season.", "List of New Zealand Test cricket victories __knowledge__ As of 1 January 2018, NZ has played 424 Test matches, won 91, lost 170, and drawn 163.", "List of New Zealand Test cricket victories __knowledge__ The New Zealand cricket team's inaugural test match was played on 10–12 January 1930 against England in Christchurch.", "List of New Zealand Test cricket victories __knowledge__ The team contained two of NZ's finest ever batsmen, Stewie Dempster and Roger Blunt but the match was lost.", "Infiniti G-series (Q40/Q60) __knowledge__ The Infiniti G-series is a line of compact executive/entry-level luxury sports car produced by the Infiniti division of Nissan for the 1991–1996 and 1999–present model years.", "Infiniti G-series (Q40/Q60) __knowledge__ The first two generations of the Infiniti G (P10 and P11) were sedans based on the Nissan Primera.", "Infiniti G-series (Q40/Q60) __knowledge__ Beginning with its third generation (V35), the Infiniti G have been rebadged versions of the Nissan Skyline line of sedans and coupes that were exported to the United States and Canada.", "Infiniti G-series (Q40/Q60) __knowledge__ The current incarnation is the fourth generation (V36) which introduced the hardtop coupe convertible.", "Infiniti G-series (Q40/Q60) __knowledge__ The Nissan FM platform, on top of which the third and fourth generations (V35 and V36) of the Infiniti G have been built, also underpins the Nissan 370Z and has shared components with the Infiniti M, Infiniti EX, and Infiniti FX.", "Subaru Legacy (fourth generation) __knowledge__ \"For a complete overview of each generation, see Subaru Legacy\" The fourth generation of the Subaru Legacy was introduced in 2003 and saw a complete redesign of the Legacy on an all-new platform.", "Subaru Legacy (fourth generation) __knowledge__ Development began by the beginning of 1999, with styling freeze in early 2001 and engineering sign-off in 2003.", "Subaru Legacy (fourth generation) __knowledge__ On May 23, 2003, Fuji Heavy Industries continued to offer the \"Blitzen\" model in Japan only, and debuted the fourth generation Legacy B4 Hardtop Body for the Japanese Domestic Market with tagline Blood type：B4 and the commercial song are the remixed version of \"GYMNOPEDIE No.1\" When Touring Wagon Body debuted with tagline Grand Touring Speciality and the commercial song are \"Finding Beauty\" composed by Scottish composer Craig Armstrong from His second independent album As If to Nothing.", "Nissan Skyline __knowledge__ The Nissan Skyline (Japanese: 日産・スカイライン \"Nissan Sukairain\") is a line of compact cars, sports cars and compact executive cars originally produced by the Prince Motor Company starting in 1957, and then by Nissan after the two companies merged in 1967.", "Nissan Skyline __knowledge__ After the merger, the Skyline and its larger counterpart, the Nissan Gloria, were sold in Japan at dealership sales channels called \"Nissan Prince Shop.\"", "Nissan Skyline __knowledge__ The Skyline was largely designed and engineered by Shinichro Sakurai from inception, and he remained a chief influence of the car until his death in 2011.", "Nissan Skyline __knowledge__ Skylines are available in either coupe, or sedan body styles, plus station wagon, crossover, convertible and pickup/sedan delivery body styles.", "Volkswagen Passat (B6) __knowledge__ The Volkswagen Passat (B6 & B7) is a front-engine D-segment large family car manufactured and marketed by Volkswagen from 2005-2010 (B6) and from 2010-2015 (B7, facelift).", "Volkswagen Passat (B6) __knowledge__ Respectively the six and seventh generation Passat, and internally designated \"B6\" and \"B7\", they were marketed in sedan and wagon body styles in front-wheel as well as all-wheel drive configurations, with a range of petrol and diesel engines.", "Volkswagen Passat (B6) __knowledge__ The B6 debuted at the Geneva Motor Show in March 2005, and launched in Europe in the summer of 2005, using a long-wheelbase version of the fifth-generation Golf and Jetta, along with a transverse engine layout.", "Volkswagen CC __knowledge__ The Volkswagen CC (originally known as the Volkswagen Passat CC in its first generation) is a four door sedan version of the Volkswagen Passat with a \"stylized sweeping roofline\" that limits rear headroom and cargo space.", "Volkswagen CC __knowledge__ It debuted in January 2008, at the North American International Auto Show in Detroit.", "Volkswagen CC __knowledge__ According to Volkswagen, the suffix CC stands for \"Comfort Coupé\" despite it not being a coupé due to having four doors.", "Volkswagen CC __knowledge__ The CC falls between the Passat and the Phaeton in VW's range — while based on the Passat, and sharing its wheelbase, the CC is longer, lower, and wider than the Passat, therefore making it more executive oriented.", "Pontiac Grand Prix __knowledge__ The Grand Prix was a line of automobiles produced by the Pontiac Division of General Motors from 1962 through 2002 for coupes and 1988-2008 for sedans.", "Pontiac Grand Prix __knowledge__ First introduced as part of Pontiac's full-size car model offering for the 1962 model year, the marque varied repeatedly in size, luxury, and performance during its lifespan.", "Pontiac Grand Prix __knowledge__ Among the changes were positioning in the personal luxury car market segment and mid-size car offering from the 2nd generation to the 5th generation for the sedan and from the 2nd generation to the 6th generation from the coupe; it returned to a full-size car from the 6th generation to the 7th generation for the sedan, positioned below the larger Bonneville in Pontiac's model lineup.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ The Honda Civic is a line of cars manufactured by Honda.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ Originally a subcompact, the Civic has gone through several generational changes, becoming both larger and more upmarket and moving into the compact car segment.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ EPA guidelines for vehicle size class stipulate a car having combined passenger and cargo room of is considered a mid-size car, and as such the tenth generation Civic sedan is technically a small-end mid-size car, although it still competes in the compact class.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ The Civic coupe is still considered a compact car.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ The Civic currently falls between the Honda Fit and Accord.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ The first Civic was introduced in July 1972 as a two-door model, followed by a three-door hatchback that September.", "Cadillac de Ville series __knowledge__ The Cadillac DeVille was originally a trim level and later a separate model produced by Cadillac.", "Cadillac de Ville series __knowledge__ The first car to bear the name was the 1949 Coupe de Ville, a pillarless two-door hardtop body style with a prestige trim level above that of the Series 62 luxury coupe.", "Cadillac de Ville series __knowledge__ The last model to be formally known as a DeVille was the 2005 Cadillac DeVille, a full-size sedan, the largest car in the Cadillac model range at the time.", "Cadillac de Ville series __knowledge__ The next year, the DeVille was officially renamed DTS.", "Cadillac de Ville series __knowledge__ The name \"DeVille\" is derived from the French \"de la ville\" or \"de ville\" meaning \"of the town\".", "Cadillac de Ville series __knowledge__ In French coach building parlance, a coupé de ville, from the French couper (to cut) i.e." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Volkswagen Passat __knowledge__ The Volkswagen Passat () is a large family car produced by the German automaker Volkswagen since 1973, through eight design generations.", "Volkswagen Passat __knowledge__ It is positioned between the Volkswagen Golf (Jetta) and the Volkswagen Phaeton in the current Volkswagen line-up and its derivatives have been badged variously as the Dasher, Santana, Quantum, Magotan, Corsar and Carat.", "Volkswagen Passat __knowledge__ The successive generations of the Passat carry the Volkswagen internal designations B1, B2, etc.", "Volkswagen Passat __knowledge__ which originally ran concurrently with those of the Audi 80 and A4 with which the Passat has shared its engineering platform at certain model generations, although this link has now been severed.", "Volkswagen Passat __knowledge__ In 2008, Volkswagen extended its range with the launch of the Passat CC, a \"four-door coupé\" version of the Passat.", "Volkswagen Passat __knowledge__ Volkswagen currently markets two variants of the Passat globally.", "Volkswagen Passat __knowledge__ In January 2011, Volkswagen announced that the new mid-size sedan (NMS) being built at the Volkswagen Chattanooga Assembly Plant for the North American market would be named the Passat.", "Volkswagen Passat __knowledge__ Shanghai Volkswagen Automotive also manufactures the Passat NMS in its Nanjing factory.", "Volkswagen Passat __knowledge__ The NMS is sold in the North American, South Korean, Chinese, and Middle Eastern markets.", "Volkswagen Passat __knowledge__ The Volkswagen Passat NMS won the 2012 Motor Trend Car of the Year.", "Automotive industry in New Zealand __knowledge__ The automotive industry in New Zealand supplies a market which has always had one of the world's highest car ownership ratios.", "Automotive industry in New Zealand __knowledge__ The distributors of new cars are essentially the former owners of the assembly businesses.", "Automotive industry in New Zealand __knowledge__ At the dealership level they have maintained their old retail chains in spite of the establishment of the many new independent businesses built since the 1980s by specialists in used imports from Japan.", "Automotive industry in New Zealand __knowledge__ Toyota entered into direct competition with those used-import businesses refurbishing old Toyotas from Japan and selling them through their own dealers as a special line.", "Automotive industry in New Zealand __knowledge__ The nation's car fleet is accordingly somewhat older than in most developed countries.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Top Gear challenges __knowledge__ \"Top Gear\" challenges are a segment of the \"Top Gear\" television programme where the presenters are tasked by the producers, or each other, to prove or do various things related to vehicles.", "Top Gear challenges __knowledge__ Novelty challenges and short stunt films are typically based on absurd premises, such as jumping a bus over motorcycles (instead of the more typical scenario of a motorcycle jumping over buses), or a nun driving a monster truck.", "Top Gear challenges __knowledge__ These features have become much less prominent over the life of the programme (they were much more regular during the first four series); they have been superseded in later series by the \"\"How hard can it be?\"\"", "Al Aan FM __knowledge__ Al Aan FM is a satellite radio station with FM relay stations in Iraq, Libya and Syria.", "Al Aan FM __knowledge__ It claims to \"aim for freedom of speech in both Syria and Libya\".", "Al Aan FM __knowledge__ Al Aan TV launched Al Aan FM in August 2012 in Libya, it launched in Syria in October 2012 broadcasting live from the UAE.", "Al Aan FM __knowledge__ Another three hours of live are dedicated to both Libya and Syria highlighting the latest tweets (@alaanfmradio).", "Al Aan FM __knowledge__ Al Aan FM has been launched to target the pan-Arab world via the Al Aan application.", "Al Aan FM __knowledge__ Al Aan FM in Libya In Libya, Al Aan FM uses 105.3 MHz across the country, covering the following cities: Al Aan FM in Syria In Syria, Al Aan FM is available in the following cities and frequencies: Al Aan FM in Iraq In Iraq, Al Aan FM is available in the following cities and frequencies: Al Aan FM in Yemen", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Dennis Michael Miller (born November 3, 1953) is an American stand-up comedian, talk show host, political commentator, sports commentator, actor, and television and radio personality.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He rose as a cast member of \"Saturday Night Live\" in 1985, and subsequently hosted a string of his own talk shows on HBO, CNBC, and in syndication.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ From 2007 to 2015, Miller hosted a daily, three-hour, self-titled talk radio program, nationally syndicated by Westwood One.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He is known for his critical assessments of current events, laced with pop culture references and delivered in an idiosyncratic verbal style.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Miller is listed as 21st on Comedy Central's 100 greatest stand up comedians of all time, and was ranked as the best host of SNL's \"Weekend Update\" by Vulture.com.", "The Biggest Loser Australia: Families __knowledge__ The sixth season of the Australian version of the original NBC reality television series \"The Biggest Loser\", known as The Biggest Loser Australia: Families, premiered on 30 January 2011 on Network Ten.", "The Biggest Loser Australia: Families __knowledge__ This season saw the return of trainers Michelle Bridges, Shannan Ponton and Steve Willis (The Commando).", "The Biggest Loser Australia: Families __knowledge__ It also introduced a new female trainer, Tiffiny Hall.", "The Biggest Loser Australia: Families __knowledge__ The families included in this season are the Duncan Family, the Westren Family, the Challenor Family and The Moon Family.", "The Biggest Loser Australia: Families __knowledge__ The season was announced during the finale on 18 April 2010.", "The Biggest Loser Australia: Families __knowledge__ In a first for the show, its premiere week included each of the four trainers living with an overweight family and following the family's unhealthy diet and poor exercise.", "Volkswagen Passat NMS __knowledge__ The 2012 Volkswagen Passat (formerly known as the Volkswagen New Midsize Sedan, or NMS while under development) is a mid-sized sedan which replaces the previous-generation Passat B6 in the North American market.", "Volkswagen Passat NMS __knowledge__ The model is also shipped overseas to South Korea.", "Volkswagen Passat NMS __knowledge__ The Passat NMS was officially announced in January 2011 at the Detroit Auto Show.", "Volkswagen Passat NMS __knowledge__ Built at the Volkswagen Chattanooga Assembly Plant, the new Passat allows building and shipping costs to be reduced significantly over its predecessor making it more competitive to offerings from competitors at the $20K mark.", "Volkswagen Passat NMS __knowledge__ The Passat NMS is part of Volkswagen Group's strategy to sell upwards of 800,000 vehicles per year in the North American market.", "Volkswagen __knowledge__ Volkswagen ( - ), shortened to VW, is a German automaker founded on May 28, 1937 by the German Labour Front under Adolf Hitler and headquartered in Wolfsburg.", "Volkswagen __knowledge__ It is the flagship marque of the Volkswagen Group, the largest automaker by worldwide sales in 2016.", "Volkswagen __knowledge__ \"Volkswagen\" is German for \"people's car\", and the company's current international advertising slogan is just \"Volkswagen\".", "Volkswagen __knowledge__ American English pronunciation is approximately \"volks wagon\" ().", "Volkswagen __knowledge__ Volkswagen was originally established in 1937 by the German Labour Front (Deutsche Arbeitsfront) in Berlin.", "Volkswagen __knowledge__ In the early 1930s, the German auto industry was still largely composed of luxury models, and the average German could rarely afford anything more than a motorcycle.", "Volkswagen Jetta __knowledge__ The Volkswagen Jetta () is a compact car/small family car produced by the German manufacturer Volkswagen since 1979.", "Volkswagen Jetta __knowledge__ Positioned to fill a sedan niche above the firm's Golf hatchback offering, it has been marketed over six generations variously as the Atlantic, Fox, Vento, Bora, City Jetta, Jetta City, GLI, Jetta, Clasico, Voyage, and Sagitar.", "Volkswagen Jetta __knowledge__ The Jetta was originally adapted by adding a conventional trunk to the Golf hatchback, and some distinctive styling (usually the front end, and sometimes slight interior changes).", "Volkswagen Jetta __knowledge__ It has been offered in two- and four-door saloon / sedan, and five-door wagon / estate versions – all as four- or five-seaters.", "Nissan Altima __knowledge__ The Nissan Altima is a mid-size car which has been manufactured by Nissan since 1992.", "Nissan Altima __knowledge__ It is a continuation of the Nissan Bluebird line, which began in 1957.", "Nissan Altima __knowledge__ The Altima has historically been larger, more powerful, and more luxurious than the Nissan Sentra but less so than the Nissan Maxima.", "Nissan Altima __knowledge__ The first through fourth generation cars were manufactured exclusively in the United States and officially sold in North and South America, along with the Middle East and Australia.", "Nissan Altima __knowledge__ For other markets, Nissan sold a related mid-size sedan called the Nissan Teana which was between the Altima and Maxima in terms of size.", "Passenger vehicles in the United States __knowledge__ \"Note: this article adopts the U.S. Department of Transportation's definition of a \"passenger vehicle\", to mean a car or truck, used for passengers, excluding buses and trains.\"", "Passenger vehicles in the United States __knowledge__ The United States is home to the second largest passenger vehicle market of any country in the world, second now to China.", "Passenger vehicles in the United States __knowledge__ Overall, there were an estimated 263.6 million registered passenger vehicles in the United States in 2015.", "Passenger vehicles in the United States __knowledge__ This number, along with the average age of vehicles, has increased steadily since 1960.", "Passenger vehicles in the United States __knowledge__ The United States is also home to three large vehicle manufacturers: General Motors, Ford Motor Company, and Chrysler, which have historically been referred to as the \"Big Three\".", "Volkswagen Passat (B6) __knowledge__ The Volkswagen Passat (B6 & B7) is a front-engine D-segment large family car manufactured and marketed by Volkswagen from 2005-2010 (B6) and from 2010-2015 (B7, facelift).", "Volkswagen Passat (B6) __knowledge__ Respectively the six and seventh generation Passat, and internally designated \"B6\" and \"B7\", they were marketed in sedan and wagon body styles in front-wheel as well as all-wheel drive configurations, with a range of petrol and diesel engines.", "Volkswagen Passat (B6) __knowledge__ The B6 debuted at the Geneva Motor Show in March 2005, and launched in Europe in the summer of 2005, using a long-wheelbase version of the fifth-generation Golf and Jetta, along with a transverse engine layout." ] ]

[ 1, 5, 7, 10 ]

[ "No I haven't driven one but I do know that the Volkswagen Passat has gone through eight design generations since 1973", "I don't but I am a fan of automobiles. Have you seen the four door coupe version called the Passat CC released in 2008?", "I see, the Passat that is built in the North American plant is a mid-sized sedan", "That's great! Well, you should know that the 2012 Motor Trend Car of the year award was won by the Passat NMS!" ]

[ "Volkswagen Passat", "Volkswagen Passat", "Volkswagen Passat", "Volkswagen Passat" ]

[ "Marathon", "I knew it in miles but not KM. I'm not much of a runner, 5K is about my limit. What about you?", "Very interesting! What about Iron Man runs? Aren't those something like 50 kilometers?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Marathon __knowledge__ The marathon is a long-distance running race with an official distance of 42.195 kilometres (26.219 miles, or 26 miles 385 yards), usually run as a road race.", "Marathon __knowledge__ The event was instituted in commemoration of the fabled run of the Greek soldier Pheidippides, a messenger from the Battle of Marathon to Athens, who reported the victory.", "Marathon __knowledge__ The marathon was one of the original modern Olympic events in 1896, though the distance did not become standardized until 1921.", "Marathon __knowledge__ More than 800 marathons are held throughout the world each year, with the vast majority of competitors being recreational athletes as larger marathons can have tens of thousands of participants.", "Marathon __knowledge__ The name \"Marathon\" comes from the legend of Philippides or Pheidippides, the Greek messenger.", "Marathon __knowledge__ The legend states that he was sent from the battlefield of Marathon to Athens to announce that the Persians had been defeated in the Battle of Marathon (in which he had just fought), which took place in August or September, 490 BC.", "Marathon __knowledge__ It is said that he ran the entire distance without stopping and burst into the assembly, exclaiming (\"nenikēkamen\", \"we have won!", "Marathon __knowledge__ \"), before collapsing and dying.", "Marathon __knowledge__ The account of the run from Marathon to Athens first appears in Plutarch's \"On the Glory of Athens\" in the 1st century AD, which quotes from Heraclides Ponticus's lost work, giving the runner's name as either Thersipus of Erchius or Eucles." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Marathon __knowledge__ The marathon is a long-distance running race with an official distance of 42.195 kilometres (26.219 miles, or 26 miles 385 yards), usually run as a road race.", "Marathon __knowledge__ The event was instituted in commemoration of the fabled run of the Greek soldier Pheidippides, a messenger from the Battle of Marathon to Athens, who reported the victory.", "Marathon __knowledge__ The marathon was one of the original modern Olympic events in 1896, though the distance did not become standardized until 1921.", "Marathon __knowledge__ More than 800 marathons are held throughout the world each year, with the vast majority of competitors being recreational athletes as larger marathons can have tens of thousands of participants.", "Marathon __knowledge__ The name \"Marathon\" comes from the legend of Philippides or Pheidippides, the Greek messenger.", "Marathon __knowledge__ The legend states that he was sent from the battlefield of Marathon to Athens to announce that the Persians had been defeated in the Battle of Marathon (in which he had just fought), which took place in August or September, 490 BC.", "Marathon __knowledge__ It is said that he ran the entire distance without stopping and burst into the assembly, exclaiming (\"nenikēkamen\", \"we have won!", "Marathon __knowledge__ \"), before collapsing and dying.", "Marathon __knowledge__ The account of the run from Marathon to Athens first appears in Plutarch's \"On the Glory of Athens\" in the 1st century AD, which quotes from Heraclides Ponticus's lost work, giving the runner's name as either Thersipus of Erchius or Eucles.", "Ekiden __knowledge__ The term originated in Japan, although the concept of a long distance relay race is not unique to any country.", "Ekiden __knowledge__ The first \"ekiden\" race was sponsored by the Yomiuri Shimbun in 1917, and was run over three days between the old Japanese capital of Kyoto and the modern capital of Tokyo, a distance of 508 km, to celebrate the anniversary of the moving of the capital to Tokyo.", "Ekiden __knowledge__ As written in Japanese, \"Ekiden\" combines the characters for \"station\" (駅) and \"transmit\" (伝).", "Ekiden __knowledge__ This name was coined by the poet Toki Zemmaro (1885–1980), who was head of the Yomiuri Shimbun's Social Affairs Department at the time.", "5K run __knowledge__ The 5K run is a long-distance road running competition over a distance of five kilometres (3.1 miles).", "5K run __knowledge__ Also referred to as the 5K road race, 5 km, or simply 5K, it is the shortest of the most common road running distances.", "5K run __knowledge__ It is usually distinguished from the 5000 metres track running event by stating the distance in kilometres, rather than metres.", "5K run __knowledge__ Among road running events, the 5K distance is mostly popular with novice or infrequent runners or joggers, as it is comparatively easier to complete the distance without endurance training.", "5K run __knowledge__ This also makes the distance suitable for people looking to improve or maintain their general physical fitness, rather than develop long-distance running abilities.", "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction __knowledge__ Speed limits in the United States vary depending on jurisdiction, with common in the Western United States and common in the Eastern United States.", "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction __knowledge__ States may also set special speed limits for trucks and night travel along with minimum speed limits.", "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction __knowledge__ The highest speed limit in the country is , which is posted on a single stretch of tollway in rural Texas.", "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction __knowledge__ In Alabama, it is illegal to drive at a speed that is not \"reasonable and prudent\" for the current conditions and hazards.", "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction __knowledge__ Drivers must also not drive so slowly that they impede the flow of traffic.", "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction __knowledge__ If the speed limit is not otherwise posted, it is: Trucks carrying hazardous materials are not to exceed .", "Hassan Mead __knowledge__ Hassan Mead (Somali: Xassan Miicaad, Arabic: حسن ميد born June 28, 1989) is a Somali-American long-distance runner.", "Hassan Mead __knowledge__ He was a cross country and track athlete for the University of Minnesota.", "Hassan Mead __knowledge__ An eight-time All-American in his Minnesota career, four in cross country (2007, 2008, 2009, 2011) and five in track (2008 outdoor, 2009 indoor and outdoor, 2012 indoor and outdoor).", "Hassan Mead __knowledge__ He is a nine-time Big Ten Conference Champion winning two in cross country, (2008, 2009) and seven in track, sweeping all distance events in the 2009 indoor and outdoor seasons.", "Hassan Mead __knowledge__ Mead is currently running with the Oregon Track Club in Eugene, Oregon.", "Perturbation theory (quantum mechanics) __knowledge__ In quantum mechanics, perturbation theory is a set of approximation schemes directly related to mathematical perturbation for describing a complicated quantum system in terms of a simpler one.", "Perturbation theory (quantum mechanics) __knowledge__ The idea is to start with a simple system for which a mathematical solution is known, and add an additional \"perturbing\" Hamiltonian representing a weak disturbance to the system.", "Perturbation theory (quantum mechanics) __knowledge__ If the disturbance is not too large, the various physical quantities associated with the perturbed system (e.g.", "Perturbation theory (quantum mechanics) __knowledge__ its energy levels and eigenstates) can be expressed as \"corrections\" to those of the simple system.", "Perturbation theory (quantum mechanics) __knowledge__ These corrections, being small compared to the size of the quantities themselves, can be calculated using approximate methods such as asymptotic series.", "Zombies, Run! __knowledge__ Zombies, Run!", "Zombies, Run! __knowledge__ is a 2012 mobile exergame co-developed and published by Six to Start and Naomi Alderman for iOS and Android platforms.", "Zombies, Run! __knowledge__ Set around Abel Township, a small outpost trying to survive the zombie apocalypse, players act as the character \"Runner 5\" through a series of missions during which they run, collect items to help the town survive and listen to various audio narrations to uncover mysteries.", "Zombies, Run! __knowledge__ The storyline of the game is written primarily by Naomi Alderman and a team of writers, with guest contributions by notable science fiction authors such as Margaret Atwood and Andrea Phillips.", "Zombies, Run! __knowledge__ The game was funded by a Kickstarter campaign which raised more than five times what was expected, a total of $72,627 from 3,464 backers.", "5K resolution __knowledge__ 5K resolution refers to display formats with a horizontal resolution of about 5,000 pixels.", "5K resolution __knowledge__ The most common 5K resolution is 5120 × 2880, which has an aspect ratio of 16:9 and is about 14.7 million pixels (just over seven times as many pixels as 1080p Full HD).", "5K resolution __knowledge__ This resolution is typically used in computer monitors, and is not a standard format in digital television and digital cinematography, which feature 4K resolutions and 8K resolutions.", "5K resolution __knowledge__ In comparison to 4K UHD (3840 × 2160), the 16:9 5K resolution of 5120 × 2880 offers 1,280 extra columns and 720 extra lines of display area, an increase of 33.% in each dimension.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ Long-distance running, or endurance running, is a form of continuous running over distances of at least eight kilometres (5 miles).", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ Physiologically, it is largely aerobic in nature and requires stamina as well as mental strength.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ Among mammals, humans are well adapted for running significant distances, and particularly so among primates.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ The endurance running hypothesis suggests that running endurance in the \"Homo\" genus arose because travelling over large areas improved scavenging opportunities and allowed persistence hunting.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ The capacity for endurance running is also found in migratory ungulates and a limited number of terrestrial carnivores, such as dogs, wolves and hyenas.", "2012 Olympic Marathon Course __knowledge__ The 2012 Olympic Marathon Course is that of both the men's and women's marathon races at the 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games in London.", "2012 Olympic Marathon Course __knowledge__ The route consists of one short circuit of followed by three circuits of .", "2012 Olympic Marathon Course __knowledge__ The course, which was designed to pass many of London's well-known landmarks, starts and finishes on The Mall, within sight of Buckingham Palace, and extends as far as the Tower of London in the east and the Victoria Memorial in the west.", "2012 Olympic Marathon Course __knowledge__ The route of the marathon had been changed, for various logistical reasons, from that originally envisaged in London's original 2005 bid for the Games and broke with the normal Olympic tradition that the race finishes inside the main Olympic Stadium.", "Track and field __knowledge__ Track and field is a sport which includes athletic contests established on the skills of running, jumping, and throwing.", "Track and field __knowledge__ The name is derived from the sport's typical venue: a stadium with an oval running track enclosing a grass field where the throwing and jumping events take place.", "Track and field __knowledge__ Track and field is categorized under the umbrella sport of athletics, which also includes road running, cross country running, and race walking.", "Track and field __knowledge__ The foot racing events, which include sprints, middle- and long-distance events, race walking and hurdling, are won by the athlete with the fastest time.", "Track and field __knowledge__ The jumping and throwing events are won by the athlete who achieves the greatest distance or height.", "Marathon world record progression __knowledge__ This list is a chronological progression of record times for the marathon.", "Marathon world record progression __knowledge__ World records in the marathon are now ratified by the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF), the international governing body for the sport of athletics.", "Marathon world record progression __knowledge__ The IAAF world record for men is 2:02:57, set by Dennis Kimetto of Kenya on September 28, 2014, at the Berlin Marathon.", "Marathon world record progression __knowledge__ The IAAF recognizes two world records for women, a \"Mixed Gender\" record of 2:15:25, set by Paula Radcliffe of the United Kingdom on April 13, 2003 at the London Marathon, and a (pending ratification) \"Women Only\" record of 2:17:01, set by Mary Keitany, on April 23, 2017 at the London Marathon.", "Abebe Bikila __knowledge__ Abebe Bikila (; August 7, 1932 – October 25, 1973) was an Ethiopian double Olympic marathon champion.", "Abebe Bikila __knowledge__ He won the marathon at the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome while running barefoot, setting a world record.", "Abebe Bikila __knowledge__ At the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Abebe was the first athlete to successfully defend an Olympic marathon title, breaking his own world record in the process.", "Abebe Bikila __knowledge__ He was a member of the Ethiopian Imperial Guard, an elite infantry division that safeguarded the Emperor of Ethiopia.", "Abebe Bikila __knowledge__ Enlisting as a soldier before his athletic career, he rose to the rank of \"shambel\" (captain).", "Abebe Bikila __knowledge__ In Ethiopia, Abebe is formally known as \"Shambel\" Abebe Bikila ()." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Marathon __knowledge__ The marathon is a long-distance running race with an official distance of 42.195 kilometres (26.219 miles, or 26 miles 385 yards), usually run as a road race.", "Marathon __knowledge__ The event was instituted in commemoration of the fabled run of the Greek soldier Pheidippides, a messenger from the Battle of Marathon to Athens, who reported the victory.", "Marathon __knowledge__ The marathon was one of the original modern Olympic events in 1896, though the distance did not become standardized until 1921.", "Marathon __knowledge__ More than 800 marathons are held throughout the world each year, with the vast majority of competitors being recreational athletes as larger marathons can have tens of thousands of participants.", "Marathon __knowledge__ The name \"Marathon\" comes from the legend of Philippides or Pheidippides, the Greek messenger.", "Marathon __knowledge__ The legend states that he was sent from the battlefield of Marathon to Athens to announce that the Persians had been defeated in the Battle of Marathon (in which he had just fought), which took place in August or September, 490 BC.", "Marathon __knowledge__ It is said that he ran the entire distance without stopping and burst into the assembly, exclaiming (\"nenikēkamen\", \"we have won!", "Marathon __knowledge__ \"), before collapsing and dying.", "Marathon __knowledge__ The account of the run from Marathon to Athens first appears in Plutarch's \"On the Glory of Athens\" in the 1st century AD, which quotes from Heraclides Ponticus's lost work, giving the runner's name as either Thersipus of Erchius or Eucles.", "Iron Man __knowledge__ Iron Man is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Iron Man __knowledge__ The character was created by writer and editor Stan Lee, developed by scripter Larry Lieber, and designed by artists Don Heck and Jack Kirby.", "Iron Man __knowledge__ The character made his first appearance in \"Tales of Suspense\" #39 (cover dated March 1963).", "Iron Man __knowledge__ A wealthy American business magnate, playboy, and ingenious scientist, Anthony Edward \"Tony\" Stark suffers a severe chest injury during a kidnapping in which his captors attempt to force him to build a weapon of mass destruction.", "Iron Man __knowledge__ He instead creates a powered suit of armor to save his life and escape captivity.", "Music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) is the film and television scores composed by various composers for the films and television series of that franchise.", "Music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ Ramin Djawadi provided the first MCU music with his original score for \"Iron Man\" in 2008.", "Music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ Alan Silvestri was the first composer to work on multiple MCU films after he transitioned from scoring \"\" (2011) to \"Marvel's The Avengers\" (2012), while Brian Tyler was the first composer to reference the work of another MCU composer when he quoted Silvestri's \"Captain America March\" in his score for \"\" (2013).", "Music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ Original music has also been composed for the Marvel One-Shots short film series, and other related projects of the MCU, including the fanfares for the two Marvel Studios logos, composed by Tyler and Michael Giacchino, respectively.", "Iron Man 3 __knowledge__ Iron Man 3 (stylized onscreen as Iron Man Three) is a 2013 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character Iron Man, produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures.", "Iron Man 3 __knowledge__ It is the sequel to 2008's \"Iron Man\" and 2010's \"Iron Man 2\", and the seventh film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe.", "Iron Man 3 __knowledge__ Shane Black directed a screenplay he co-wrote with Drew Pearce, which uses concepts from the \"Extremis\" story arc by Warren Ellis.", "Iron Man 3 __knowledge__ The film stars Robert Downey Jr., Gwyneth Paltrow, Don Cheadle, Guy Pearce, Rebecca Hall, Stephanie Szostak, James Badge Dale, Jon Favreau, and Ben Kingsley.", "Iron Man's armor __knowledge__ Iron Man's armor is a fictional powered exoskeleton appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics and is worn by comic book superhero Tony Stark when he assumes the identity of Iron Man.", "Iron Man's armor __knowledge__ The first armor (which in the story, was created by Stark and Ho Yinsen), was designed by artists Don Heck and Jack Kirby, and first appeared, along with Tony Stark, in \"Tales of Suspense\" #39 (March 1963).", "Iron Man's armor __knowledge__ In the fictional multiverse appearance of Stark's armor has radically changed over the years, either as a result of modifications made by Stark or specialized armors created for specific situations.", "War Machine __knowledge__ War Machine (James \"Rhodey\" Rhodes) is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "War Machine __knowledge__ Jim Rhodes first appeared in \"Iron Man\" #118 (January 1979) by David Michelinie and John Byrne.", "War Machine __knowledge__ The War Machine armor, which became his signature armored battlesuit, was created by Len Kaminski and Kevin Hopgood.", "War Machine __knowledge__ In 2012, War Machine was ranked 31st in IGN's list of \"The Top 50 Avengers\".", "War Machine __knowledge__ The character has been featured in the \"Iron Man\" animated series, the \"\" series, and the animated film \"The Invincible Iron Man\".", "War Machine __knowledge__ James Rhodes was portrayed by Terrence Howard in \"Iron Man\", which takes place before Rhodes took on the War Machine mantle, and by Don Cheadle in \"Iron Man 2\", \"Iron Man 3\", \"\" and \"\", \"\", and is expected to do so in \"Avengers 4\".", "Alternative versions of Iron Man __knowledge__ In addition to his mainstream incarnation, Iron Man has been depicted in other fictional universes. \"\"", "Alternative versions of Iron Man __knowledge__ features a 17th-century Spanish Iron Man named Lord Iron.", "Alternative versions of Iron Man __knowledge__ Taken captive in the Holy Land during the English / Spanish war, he is forced to make weapons for them after being tortured by David Banner, the later Hulk of that world.", "Alternative versions of Iron Man __knowledge__ He needs his massive armor to survive.", "Alternative versions of Iron Man __knowledge__ The armor is powered by \"lightning bottles\" and provides him with super-strength and invulnerability as well as several electricity-powered With his Moorish associate, Rhodes, Lord Iron is assigned by King James to put an end to the traitors and witchbreed in the New World.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) is an American media franchise and shared universe that is centered on a series of superhero films, independently produced by Marvel Studios and based on characters that appear in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The franchise has expanded to include comic books, short films, television series, and digital series.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The shared universe, much like the original Marvel Universe in comic books, was established by crossing over common plot elements, settings, cast, and characters.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ Phil Coulson, portrayed by Clark Gregg, is an original character to the MCU and the only character to appear across all the different media of the MCU.", "Battle of Marathon __knowledge__ The Battle of Marathon (Greek: , \"Machē tou Marathōnos\") took place in 490 BC, during the first Persian invasion of Greece.", "Battle of Marathon __knowledge__ It was fought between the citizens of Athens, aided by Plataea, and a Persian force commanded by Datis and Artaphernes.", "Battle of Marathon __knowledge__ The battle was the culmination of the first attempt by Persia, under King Darius I, to subjugate Greece.", "Battle of Marathon __knowledge__ The Greek army decisively defeated the more numerous Persians, marking a turning point in the Greco-Persian Wars.", "Battle of Marathon __knowledge__ The first Persian invasion was a response to Athenian involvement in the Ionian Revolt, when Athens and Eretria had sent a force to support the cities of Ionia in their attempt to overthrow Persian rule.", "Pheidippides __knowledge__ Pheidippides () or Philippides (Φιλιππίδης) is the central figure in the story that inspired a modern sporting event, the marathon race.", "Pheidippides __knowledge__ Pheidippides is said to have run from Marathon to Athens to deliver news of a military victory against the Persians at the Battle of Marathon.", "Pheidippides __knowledge__ The first recorded account showing a courier running from Marathon to Athens to announce victory is from within Lucian's prose on the first use of the word \"joy\" as a greeting in \"A Slip of the Tongue in Greeting\".", "Pheidippides __knowledge__ The traditional story relates that Pheidippides (530–490 BC), an Athenian herald or \"hemerodrome\" (translated as \"day-runner\" (Kyle 2007), \"courier\" (Larcher 1806), \"professional-running courier\" (Sears 2003) or \"day-long runner\" (Miller 2006)), was sent to Sparta to request help when the Persians landed at Marathon, Greece.", "Spartathlon __knowledge__ Spartathlon is a ultramarathon race held annually in Greece since 1983, between Athens and Sparti, the modern town on the site of ancient Sparta.", "Spartathlon __knowledge__ As opposed to the ahistorical origin story of the marathon, the spartathlon is based on the historical run of Pheidippides, who ran from Athens to Sparta before the Battle of Marathon in a day and a half to seek aid against the Persians.", "Spartathlon __knowledge__ Five Royal Air Force officers attempted the course in 1982 and the competition was started the next year.", "Spartathlon __knowledge__ The winner of the first Spartathlon, Yiannis Kouros, still holds the record for fastest time at 20 hours and 25 minutes.", "First Persian invasion of Greece __knowledge__ The first Persian invasion of Greece, during the Persian Wars, began in 492 BC, and ended with the decisive Athenian victory at the Battle of Marathon in 490 BC.", "First Persian invasion of Greece __knowledge__ The invasion, consisting of two distinct campaigns, was ordered by the Persian king Darius I primarily in order to punish the city-states of Athens and Eretria.", "First Persian invasion of Greece __knowledge__ These cities had supported the cities of Ionia during their revolt against Persian rule, thus incurring the wrath of Darius.", "First Persian invasion of Greece __knowledge__ Darius also saw the opportunity to extend his empire into Europe, and to secure its western frontier.", "First Persian invasion of Greece __knowledge__ The first campaign in 492 BC, led by Mardonius, re-subjugated Thrace and forced Macedon to become a fully subordinate client kingdom part of Persia, after being a vassal to Persia as early as the late 6th century BC.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ Long-distance running, or endurance running, is a form of continuous running over distances of at least eight kilometres (5 miles).", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ Physiologically, it is largely aerobic in nature and requires stamina as well as mental strength.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ Among mammals, humans are well adapted for running significant distances, and particularly so among primates.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ The endurance running hypothesis suggests that running endurance in the \"Homo\" genus arose because travelling over large areas improved scavenging opportunities and allowed persistence hunting.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ The capacity for endurance running is also found in migratory ungulates and a limited number of terrestrial carnivores, such as dogs, wolves and hyenas.", "Greece __knowledge__ Greece (), officially the Hellenic Republic (), historically also known as Hellas, is a country in Southern Europe, with a population of approximately /1e6 round 0 million as of .", "Greece __knowledge__ Athens is the nation's capital and largest city, followed by Thessaloniki.", "Greece __knowledge__ Greece is located at the crossroads of Europe, Asia, and Africa.", "Greece __knowledge__ Situated on the southern tip of the Balkan peninsula, it shares land borders with Albania to the northwest, the Republic of Macedonia and Bulgaria to the north, and Turkey to the northeast.", "Greece __knowledge__ The Aegean Sea lies to the east of the mainland, the Ionian Sea to the west, the Cretan Sea and the Mediterranean Sea to the south." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3 ]

[ "Do you know that a marathon is a long-distance running race with an official distance of 42.195 kilometres", "Been running all my life. The first run was an event done in commemoration of the fabled run of the Greek soldier Pheidippides, a messenger from the Battle of Marathon to Athens, who reported the victory.", "oh well, i'm not sure about that but I know it was added to the list of events for modern olympics. The first happened in 1896 though" ]

[ "Marathon", "Marathon", "Marathon" ]

[ "Long hair", "Ha, I never tried. As a guy I find it more bothersome than anything since I wasn't blessed with the golden locks of Fabio", "Indeed. In Korea, for example, there are strict length requirements" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Long hair __knowledge__ Long hair is a hairstyle where the head hair is allowed to grow to considerable length.", "Long hair __knowledge__ Exactly what constitutes long hair can change from culture to culture, or even within cultures.", "Long hair __knowledge__ For example, a woman with chin-length hair in some cultures may be said to have short hair, while a man with the same length of hair in some of the same cultures would be said to have long hair.", "Long hair __knowledge__ Males having short, cut hair are in many cultures viewed as being under society's control, such as while in the military or prison or as punishment for a crime.", "Long hair __knowledge__ Long lustrous female hair is generally rated attractive by both men and women across cultures.", "Long hair __knowledge__ The prevalence of trichophilia (hair partialism or fetishism) is 7% in the population, and very long hair is a common subject of devotion in this group.", "Long hair __knowledge__ Humans, horses, and orangutans are among the few species that may grow their head hair very long.", "Long hair __knowledge__ Humans are believed to have lost their fur 2.5–3 million years ago as hominids when transitioning from a forest habitat to the open savanna, as an effect of natural selection, since this development made it possible to run fast and hunt animals close to the equator without getting overheated.", "Long hair __knowledge__ An exception was however head hair, which was kept to provide thermal insulation of the scalp from the sun, to protect against ultra-violet radiation exposure, and also to provide cooling (when sweat evaporates from soaked hair)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Long hair __knowledge__ Long hair is a hairstyle where the head hair is allowed to grow to considerable length.", "Long hair __knowledge__ Exactly what constitutes long hair can change from culture to culture, or even within cultures.", "Long hair __knowledge__ For example, a woman with chin-length hair in some cultures may be said to have short hair, while a man with the same length of hair in some of the same cultures would be said to have long hair.", "Long hair __knowledge__ Males having short, cut hair are in many cultures viewed as being under society's control, such as while in the military or prison or as punishment for a crime.", "Long hair __knowledge__ Long lustrous female hair is generally rated attractive by both men and women across cultures.", "Long hair __knowledge__ The prevalence of trichophilia (hair partialism or fetishism) is 7% in the population, and very long hair is a common subject of devotion in this group.", "Long hair __knowledge__ Humans, horses, and orangutans are among the few species that may grow their head hair very long.", "Long hair __knowledge__ Humans are believed to have lost their fur 2.5–3 million years ago as hominids when transitioning from a forest habitat to the open savanna, as an effect of natural selection, since this development made it possible to run fast and hunt animals close to the equator without getting overheated.", "Long hair __knowledge__ An exception was however head hair, which was kept to provide thermal insulation of the scalp from the sun, to protect against ultra-violet radiation exposure, and also to provide cooling (when sweat evaporates from soaked hair).", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "List of The Fairly OddParents characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters in the Nickelodeon animated television series \"The Fairly OddParents\".", "List of The Fairly OddParents characters __knowledge__ Voiced by: Portrayed by: Timothy \"Timmy\" Tiberius Turner was given fairy godparents to grant his every wish.", "List of The Fairly OddParents characters __knowledge__ Their names are Cosmo and Wanda.", "List of The Fairly OddParents characters __knowledge__ His wishes often have unpredictable and problematic side effects, and are often reverted upon Timmy's request by the end of the episode.", "List of The Fairly OddParents characters __knowledge__ His interests include comic books (particularly those centered around his favorite superhero, the Crimson Chin), video games, cartoons,and sports.", "List of The Fairly OddParents characters __knowledge__ Timmy's middle name is Tiberius, as revealed in \"Manic Mom Day\".", "List of The Fairly OddParents characters __knowledge__ During a time travel trip, Timmy accidentally arrives the day his parents moved into their house; unseen, he learns that they were expecting a girl, hence his pink hat.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Having reformed from his violent ways, Bigby (a.k.a.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ the Big Bad Wolf) became the cigarette-smoking, trench coat-clad sheriff of Fabletown.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is extremely cunning and resourceful, in addition to being an excellent detective.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Due to Snow White's possession of a lycanthropy-stained knife, he is now a werewolf and can change between wolf form, human form and an intermediate \"wolfman\" stage at will (in \"The Great Fables Crossover\", it is revealed that Bigby's nature as one of the North Wind's sons allows him to change forms at will).", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is the son of the North Wind, and, as such, has control over the lower-tier winds, plus the \"huff and puff\" of legend.", "List of Big Time Rush characters __knowledge__ This a list of fictional characters in the television series, Big Time Rush.", "List of Big Time Rush characters __knowledge__ The article deals with main, recurring, minor character and notable guest stars.", "List of Big Time Rush characters __knowledge__ Kendall Knight (Kendall Schmidt) is the leader and founder of Big Time Rush (despite being the youngest) when he accepts to move to Los Angeles and record demos only if Gustavo brings James, Carlos, and Logan along to make them all a band.", "List of Big Time Rush characters __knowledge__ He is portrayed as the glue that keeps the band together.", "List of Big Time Rush characters __knowledge__ He manages to stay cool under pressure (described as \"Cool Rush\") and figure out solutions to problems, thus often resulting in the other guys running to Kendall when they have a problem, being the most mature and responsible member of Big Time Rush.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that appear in \"\".", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The characters are listed in alphabetical order.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ Most characters are seen in their classic appearance (Catwoman, Green Arrow), while others (Blue Beetle) have their current costume.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ Some have even been re-imagined for the show (the Outsiders).", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The characters are described below using in-universe tone.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ 'Mazing Man is a short man who dresses up as a superhero.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ In the \"Kitty Catastrophe\" segment of \"Four Star Spectacular\", he is the accident-prone catsitter for a couple named Owen and Fiona.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ It is apparent that Batman is his favorite superhero and the inspiration for his costume.", "Christopher Smart __knowledge__ Christopher Smart (11 April 1722 – 21 May 1771), also known as \"Kit Smart\", \"Kitty Smart\", and \"Jack Smart\", was an English poet.", "Christopher Smart __knowledge__ He was a major contributor to two popular magazines and a friend to influential cultural icons like Samuel Johnson and Henry Fielding.", "Christopher Smart __knowledge__ Smart, a high church Anglican, was widely known throughout London.", "Christopher Smart __knowledge__ Smart was infamous as the pseudonymous midwife \"Mrs. Mary Midnight\" and widespread accounts of his father-in-law, John Newbery, locking him away in a mental asylum for many years over Smart's supposed religious \"mania\".", "Christopher Smart __knowledge__ Even after Smart's eventual release, a negative reputation continued to pursue him as he was known for incurring more debt than he could repay; this ultimately led to his confinement in debtors' prison until his death.", "Major Israel McCreight __knowledge__ Major Israel McCreight (Oglala Lakota: \"Cante Tanke\" (\"Great Heart\")(Čhaŋté Tȟáŋka) in Standard Lakota Orthography) (April 22, 1865 – October 13, 1958) is notable in American history as a Progressive Era banker, conservationist and expert on Native American culture and policy.", "Major Israel McCreight __knowledge__ McCreight was a founder of the Pennsylvania Conservation Association, and authored President Theodore Roosevelt’s conservation policy on public education and Cook Forest State Park, the first Pennsylvania State Park acquired to preserve a natural landmark.", "Major Israel McCreight __knowledge__ McCreight dedicated his life to public education about Native American culture and was a nominee for U.S. Commissioner of Indian Affairs.", "List of The Bill characters (E–L) __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the police drama \"The Bill\" ordered alphabetically by character surname.", "List of The Bill characters (E–L) __knowledge__ For a full list of characters ordered by rank, see list of \"The Bill\" characters.", "List of The Bill characters (E–L) __knowledge__ The characters are all police officers or civilian staff at the fictional Sun Hill police station in London.", "List of The Bill characters (E–L) __knowledge__ PC Francis \"Taffy\" Edwards was known as the 'thin streak of Welsh misery'.", "List of The Bill characters (E–L) __knowledge__ A quiet country boy who hailed from a poor farming family near Bangor, he sometimes struggled to adapt to city life.", "List of The Bill characters (E–L) __knowledge__ Edwards was extremely lazy, often thinking up ingenious ways to avoid having to do serious work – but he had an infectious charm and was popular amongst the relief.", "List of minor The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy characters __knowledge__ The following is an alphabetical list of the minor characters in the various versions of \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", by Douglas Adams.", "List of minor The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy characters __knowledge__ The descriptions of the characters are accompanied by information on details about appearances and references to the characters.", "List of minor The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy characters __knowledge__ Major characters— Arthur Dent, Ford Prefect, Zaphod Beeblebrox, Marvin the Paranoid Android, Trillian, and Slartibartfast—are separately described.", "List of minor The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy characters __knowledge__ Lists are also available for places in \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", races and species in \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", technology in \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", phrases from \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", and cast lists for \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\".", "Gaelic Ireland __knowledge__ Gaelic Ireland () was the Gaelic political and social order, and associated culture, that existed in Ireland from the prehistoric era until the early 17th century.", "Gaelic Ireland __knowledge__ Before the Norman invasion of 1169, Gaelic Ireland comprised the whole island.", "Gaelic Ireland __knowledge__ Thereafter, it comprised that part of the country not under foreign dominion at a given time.", "Gaelic Ireland __knowledge__ For most of its history, Gaelic Ireland was a \"patchwork\" hierarchy of territories ruled by a hierarchy of kings or chiefs, who were elected through tanistry.", "Gaelic Ireland __knowledge__ Warfare between these territories was common.", "Gaelic Ireland __knowledge__ Occasionally, a powerful ruler was acknowledged as High King of Ireland.", "Hairstyle __knowledge__ A hairstyle, hairdo, or haircut refers to the styling of hair, usually on the human scalp.", "Hairstyle __knowledge__ Sometimes, this could also mean an editing of facial or body hair.", "Hairstyle __knowledge__ The fashioning of hair can be considered an aspect of personal grooming, fashion, and cosmetics, although practical, cultural, and popular considerations also influence some hairstyles.", "Hairstyle __knowledge__ The oldest known depiction of hair braiding dates back about 30,000 years.", "Hairstyle __knowledge__ In ancient civilizations, women's hair was often elaborately and carefully dressed in special ways.", "Hairstyle __knowledge__ In Imperial Rome, women wore their hair in complicated styles.", "Hairstyle __knowledge__ From the time of the Roman Empire until the Middle Ages, most women grew their hair as long as it would naturally grow." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Long hair __knowledge__ Long hair is a hairstyle where the head hair is allowed to grow to considerable length.", "Long hair __knowledge__ Exactly what constitutes long hair can change from culture to culture, or even within cultures.", "Long hair __knowledge__ For example, a woman with chin-length hair in some cultures may be said to have short hair, while a man with the same length of hair in some of the same cultures would be said to have long hair.", "Long hair __knowledge__ Males having short, cut hair are in many cultures viewed as being under society's control, such as while in the military or prison or as punishment for a crime.", "Long hair __knowledge__ Long lustrous female hair is generally rated attractive by both men and women across cultures.", "Long hair __knowledge__ The prevalence of trichophilia (hair partialism or fetishism) is 7% in the population, and very long hair is a common subject of devotion in this group.", "Long hair __knowledge__ Humans, horses, and orangutans are among the few species that may grow their head hair very long.", "Long hair __knowledge__ Humans are believed to have lost their fur 2.5–3 million years ago as hominids when transitioning from a forest habitat to the open savanna, as an effect of natural selection, since this development made it possible to run fast and hunt animals close to the equator without getting overheated.", "Long hair __knowledge__ An exception was however head hair, which was kept to provide thermal insulation of the scalp from the sun, to protect against ultra-violet radiation exposure, and also to provide cooling (when sweat evaporates from soaked hair).", "Stone Brewing Co. __knowledge__ Stone Brewing is a brewery headquartered in Escondido, California, USA.", "Stone Brewing Co. __knowledge__ Founded in 1996 in San Marcos, California, it is the largest brewery in Southern California.", "Stone Brewing Co. __knowledge__ Based on 2016 sales volume it is the ninth largest craft brewery in the United States.", "Stone Brewing Co. __knowledge__ The brewery's first beer was Stone Pale Ale, which the company considers to be its flagship ale.", "Stone Brewing Co. __knowledge__ The company's best known brand is Arrogant Bastard Ale, which has been described as a \"watershed beer\" that \"put San Diego on the craft brew map.\"", "Stone Brewing Co. __knowledge__ Since 2015 Arrogant Bastard has operated as its own product line, Bastard Brewing, produced at multiple breweries around the country.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ South African labour law regulates the relationship between employers, employees and trade unions in the Republic of South Africa.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ The Native Labour Regulations Act 1911 prohibited strikes by trade unions, introduced wage ceilings and a pass system for moving around jobs.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Over 70,000 Chinese labourers were brought in, and used by landowners to undercut the wages of other workers.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Among white workers, there was significant unrest, and major strikes took place in 1907, 1913, 1914 and 1922 For a period of sixteen years, from 1979 to 1995, several critical developments occurred in the field of labour law in South Africa, beginning with a radical change in the first of these years, when a significant Commission of Enquiry was held, resulting in the establishment of an Industrial Court, which was given extensive powers to mould, change, shape and develop the law.", "South African contract law __knowledge__ South African contract law is ‘essentially a modernised version of the Roman-Dutch law of contract’, which is itself rooted in canon and Roman laws.", "South African contract law __knowledge__ In the broadest definition, a contract is an agreement two or more parties enter into with the serious intention of creating a legal obligation.", "South African contract law __knowledge__ Contract law provides a legal framework within which persons can transact business and exchange resources, secure in the knowledge that the law will uphold their agreements and, if necessary, enforce them.", "South African contract law __knowledge__ The law of contract underpins private enterprise in South Africa and regulates it in the interest of fair dealing.", "Televised sex line __knowledge__ The televised sex line (also described as babe shows/channels) is a style of pornographic television programming that has developed in Europe since 2001.", "Televised sex line __knowledge__ Broadcast live from a studio, the shows usually feature female presenters advertising a phone sex line at a premium rate, through which callers can also see the woman they are talking to on the screen.", "Televised sex line __knowledge__ Viewers can rarely hear the phone conversations, although some programmes have presenters talking, unscripted, to the camera, and responding to viewers' text messages and camera phone photos.", "Televised sex line __knowledge__ Many almost-identical programmes have established themselves in Europe (mainly on Hot Bird) since 2001, and in the United Kingdom (mainly on Sky) since the beginning of \"Babestation\" in 2002.", "Liberty Station, San Diego __knowledge__ Liberty Station is a mixed-use development in San Diego, California on the site of the former Naval Training Center San Diego.", "Liberty Station, San Diego __knowledge__ It is located in the Point Loma community of San Diego.", "Liberty Station, San Diego __knowledge__ It has a waterfront location, on a boat channel off of San Diego Bay, just west of the San Diego Airport and a few miles north of Downtown San Diego.", "Liberty Station, San Diego __knowledge__ The project includes several distinct districts: a retail and commercial district, a promenade focused on nonprofit activities, an educational district, a residential district, a hotel district, an office district, and a park/open space area along the boat channel.", "Liberty Station, San Diego __knowledge__ The Naval Training Center site is listed on the National Register of Historic Places, and many of the individual structures are designated as historic by the city of San Diego.", "True Craft __knowledge__ Craft Beer is a $100M fund announced in April 2016 with the goal of assisting independent craft brewers.", "True Craft __knowledge__ The fund, announced by Stone Brewing Company founders Greg Koch and Steve Wagner, intends to buy small stakes in interested craft brewers, but no more than 25%.", "True Craft __knowledge__ The funding is intended to allow brewers to continue to operate independently without having to borrow from banks, sell to traditional venture capitalists, or sell to multinational conglomerates.", "True Craft __knowledge__ The venture was first announced at the 2016 EG Conference held April 29, 2016 at Carmel, California.", "True Craft __knowledge__ The LA Times reported that the founders of Stone Brewing had been working on the concept for a year before making the announcement, which was made before all the details were worked out due to news that an Anheuser-Busch-owned brewery, Bend, Oregon-based 10 Barrel, was planning to open a brewpub in East Village, San Diego later in 2016.", "South Korea __knowledge__ South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea (abbreviated ROK), is a sovereign state in East Asia constituting the southern part of the Korean Peninsula.", "South Korea __knowledge__ Officially, its territory consists of the whole Korean Peninsula and its adjacent islands, which are largely mountainous.", "South Korea __knowledge__ South Koreans lead a distinctive urban lifestyle, as half of them live in high-rises concentrated in the Seoul Capital Area with 25 million residents.", "South Korea __knowledge__ The earliest neolithic Korean pottery dates to 8000 BC, with three kingdoms flourishing in the 1st century BC.", "South Korea __knowledge__ The name \"Korea\" is derived from one of them, Goguryeo, which was one of the great powers in East Asia during its time, ruling most of the Korean Peninsula, Manchuria, some parts of the Russian Far East and Inner Mongolia, under Gwanggaeto the Great.", "Lithuanian accentuation __knowledge__ In the Lithuanian language, heavy syllables (those with stress) may be pronounced in one of two prosodically distinct ways that are determined by accent and pitch.", "Lithuanian accentuation __knowledge__ One way is the \"acute\" or \"falling\" accent.", "Lithuanian accentuation __knowledge__ It may be described as sudden, sharp or rough.", "Lithuanian accentuation __knowledge__ The phrase, \"tvirtaprãdė príegaidė\" has the literal meaning, \"firm-start accent\".", "Lithuanian accentuation __knowledge__ The second way is the \"circumflex\" or \"rising\" accent.", "Lithuanian accentuation __knowledge__ It may be described as continued, mild or smooth.", "Lithuanian accentuation __knowledge__ The word \"tvirtagãlė\" has the literal meaning, \"firm-end\".", "Lithuanian accentuation __knowledge__ Short (or light) syllables may have stress without the differentiation of an accent.", "Lithuanian accentuation __knowledge__ Heavy syllables distinguished by an accent include: In mixed acute diphthongs beginning with \"i\" or \"u\", the acute mark is replaced by a grave; this reflects the fact that, in the standard language (but not in some dialects), the first part of the diphthong is short.", "Proto-Slavic accent __knowledge__ The accentual system of the Proto-Slavic language is reconstructed as being \"free\" (i.e.", "Proto-Slavic accent __knowledge__ phonologically unpredictable, meaning that it can occur on any syllable in the word) and \"mobile\" (i.e.", "Proto-Slavic accent __knowledge__ accent position could change place throughout the inflectional paradigm) pitch accent system.", "Proto-Slavic accent __knowledge__ Proto-Slavic accent is closely related to the accentual system of some Baltic languages (Lithuanian and Latvian) with whom it shares many common innovations that occurred in the Proto-Balto-Slavic period.", "Proto-Slavic accent __knowledge__ Deeper, it inherits from the Proto-Indo-European accent, which was also free and mobile, though the latter to a much lesser extent.", "Physical attractiveness __knowledge__ Physical attractiveness is the degree to which a person's physical features are considered aesthetically pleasing or beautiful.", "Physical attractiveness __knowledge__ The term often implies sexual attractiveness or desirability, but can also be distinct from either.", "Physical attractiveness __knowledge__ There are many factors which influence one person's attraction to another, with physical aspects being one of them.", "Physical attractiveness __knowledge__ Physical attraction itself includes universal perceptions common to all human cultures, as well as aspects that are culturally and socially dependent, along with individual subjective preferences.", "Physical attractiveness __knowledge__ In many cases, humans subconsciously attribute positive characteristics, such as intelligence and honesty, to physically attractive people.", "Liblzg __knowledge__ liblzg is a compression library for performing lossless data compression.", "Liblzg __knowledge__ It implements an algorithm that is a variation of the LZ77 algorithm, called the LZG algorithm, with the primary focus of providing a very simple and fast decoding method.", "Liblzg __knowledge__ One of the key features of the algorithm is that it requires no memory during decompression.", "Liblzg __knowledge__ The software library is free software, distributed under the zlib license.", "Liblzg __knowledge__ If a duplicate series of bytes (a repeated string) is spotted in the uncompressed data stream, then a back-reference is inserted, linking to the previous location of that identical string instead.", "History of Xinjiang __knowledge__ The recorded history of the area now known as Xinjiang dates to the 2nd millennium BC.", "History of Xinjiang __knowledge__ There have been many empires, primarily Han Chinese, Turkic, and Mongol, that have ruled over the region, including the Yuezhi, Xiongnu, Han dynasty, Gaochang, Kingdom of Khotan, Sixteen Kingdoms of the Jin dynasty (Former Liang, Former Qin, Later Liang, and Western Liang), Turkic Khaganate, Tang dynasty, Tibetan Empire, Uyghur Khaganate, Kara-Khanid Khanate, Kingdom of Qocho, Qara Khitai, Mongol Empire, Yuan dynasty, Chagatai Khanate, Yarkent Khanate, Dzungar Khanate, and Qing dynasty.", "History of Xinjiang __knowledge__ Xinjiang was previously known as \"Xiyu\" (西域), under the Han dynasty, which drove the Xiongnu empire out of the region in 60 BCE in an effort to secure the profitable Silk Road, but was renamed Xinjiang (新疆, meaning \"new frontier\") when the region was reconquered by the Manchu-led Qing dynasty in 1759.", "Adolescence __knowledge__ Adolescence () is a transitional stage of physical and psychological development that generally occurs during the period from puberty to legal adulthood (age of majority).", "Adolescence __knowledge__ Adolescence is usually associated with the teenage years, but its physical, psychological or cultural expressions may begin earlier and end later.", "Adolescence __knowledge__ For example, puberty now typically begins during preadolescence, particularly in females.", "Adolescence __knowledge__ Physical growth (particularly in males), and cognitive development can extend into the early twenties.", "Adolescence __knowledge__ Thus age provides only a rough marker of adolescence, and scholars have found it difficult to agree upon a precise definition of adolescence." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 4 ]

[ "I could never grow my hair long -- but my daughters, always could get considerable length!", "Hilarious -- and it's funny how from culture to culture, it varies what constitutes \"long\". Chin length = short for women, but in lots of places long for men.", "Really?! South as well?! I know since the meaning of short short hair is often being under \"control\" of something -- such as the military or in jail." ]

[ "Long hair", "Long hair", "Long hair" ]

[ "Mexico\nMexico is a beautiful country.", "Yes, Chihuahua is the biggest state.", "That's right. It also has some of the most beautiful waterfalls.", "There are variants in their language depending on region." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mexico __knowledge__ Mexico (; ; , ), officially the United Mexican States (, ), is a federal republic in the southern portion of North America.", "Mexico __knowledge__ It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and to the east by the Gulf of Mexico.", "Mexico __knowledge__ Covering almost two million square kilometers (over 760,000 sq mi), the nation is the sixth largest country in the Americas by total area and the 13th largest independent state in the world.", "Mexico __knowledge__ With an estimated population of over 120 million, the country is the eleventh most populous and the most populous Spanish-speaking state in the world while being the second most populous nation in Latin America.", "Mexico __knowledge__ Mexico is a federation comprising 31 states and a special federal entity that is also its capital and most populous city.", "Mexico __knowledge__ Other metropolises include Guadalajara, León, Monterrey, Puebla, Toluca, and Tijuana.", "Mexico __knowledge__ Pre-Columbian Mexico dates to approximately 8,000 BC, is identified as one of seven cradles of civilization and was home to many advanced Mesoamerican civilizations, such as the Olmec, Toltec, Teotihuacan, Zapotec, Maya and Aztec before first contact with Europeans.", "Mexico __knowledge__ In 1521, the Spanish Empire conquered and colonized the territory from its politically powerful base in Mexico-Tenochtitlan, which was administered as the viceroyalty of New Spain.", "Ilha Formosa: Requiem for Formosa's Martyrs __knowledge__ Ilha Formosa: Requiem for Formosa's Martyrs (also \"Ilha Formosa Requiem\" or \"Formosa Requiem\") (2001) is a composition for solo soprano, solo baritone, chorus and orchestra composed by Taiwanese composer Tyzen Hsiao.", "Ilha Formosa: Requiem for Formosa's Martyrs __knowledge__ The composition is based on a 1994 poem in Taiwanese Hokkien by .", "Ilha Formosa: Requiem for Formosa's Martyrs __knowledge__ \"Ilha Formosa\" (\"Beautiful Island\") is the name given to the island on the maps made by Portuguese mariners in the Age of Discovery.", "Ilha Formosa: Requiem for Formosa's Martyrs __knowledge__ The heart of the piece is the second movement in which the male and female soloists, in lyrical phrases, remember those who suffered in the White Terror and throughout Taiwan's history.", "The Beautiful Country __knowledge__ The Beautiful Country is a 2004 Norwegian-American Vietnam-related drama film set in 1990.", "The Beautiful Country __knowledge__ It is directed by Hans Petter Moland and starring Damien Nguyen, Nick Nolte, Bai Ling, Chau Thi Kim Xuan, Tim Roth, Anh Thu, Temuera Morrison and John Hussey.", "The Beautiful Country __knowledge__ The screenplay was written by Sabina Murray, a writer who teaches at the University of Massachusetts Amherst's MFA Program for Poets & Writers.", "The Beautiful Country __knowledge__ The film tells the story of Binh, a Vietnamese boy who is often referred to as a \"bui doi\" (a derogatory term which has come to refer to a Vietnamese-born child fathered by an American soldier during the Vietnam War).", "Antonio Stoppani __knowledge__ Antonio Stoppani (24 August 18241 January 1891) was an Italian Catholic priest, patriot, geologist and palaeontologist.", "Antonio Stoppani __knowledge__ He studied the geology of the Italian region and wrote a popular treatise, \"Il Bel Paese\" (Italian for \"the beautiful country\"), on geology and natural history.", "Antonio Stoppani __knowledge__ He was among the first to propose a geological epoch dominated by human activities that altered the shape of the land.", "Antonio Stoppani __knowledge__ Born in Lecco, Stoppani studied theology and became a priest in the order of the Rosminians.", "Antonio Stoppani __knowledge__ He was ordained in 1848, a year of turmoil with the Siege of Milan.", "Antonio Stoppani __knowledge__ During this siege, the Five Days of Milan, he became a hero for his role in the use of hot air balloons to send messages out of the besieged city.", "Foreign policy of Donald Trump __knowledge__ This article describes the foreign policy positions taken by Donald Trump during his 2016 presidential campaign.", "Foreign policy of Donald Trump __knowledge__ In a \"New York Times\" interview in July 2016, Presidential Nominee Trump \"repeatedly defined American global interests almost purely in economic terms,\" with the nation's \"roles as a peacekeeper, as a provider of a nuclear deterrent against adversaries like North Korea, as an advocate of human rights and as a guarantor of allies' borders\" being \"quickly reduced to questions of economic benefit to the United States.\"", "Foreign policy of Donald Trump __knowledge__ A 68-page document likely written by and under the direction of the Trump administration's national security adviser, Lt. Gen. H.R.", "My Beautiful Country __knowledge__ Die Brücke am Ibar (English festival release title My Beautiful Country) is a 2012 German film directed by Michaela Kezele, set in 1999 during the Kosovo War.", "My Beautiful Country __knowledge__ The film stars Serbian, Bosnian and Croatian actors Zrinka Cvitešić, Mišel Matičević, Andrija Nikcevic, and Nebojša Đorđević.", "My Beautiful Country __knowledge__ The film received a Special Mention, German Cinema New Talent Category at the Munich Film Festival - Bayerischer Filmpreis 2013 – Young Talent Award, Audience prize at the Biberach Film Festival 2012, the Audience Award at the Arras Film Festival and the Diploma for Best Film at the Pula Film Festival.", "My Beautiful Country __knowledge__ It also won the Torch Award for best film at the 14th Pyongyang International Film Festival.", "George Anthony Dondero __knowledge__ George A. Dondero (16 December 1883 – 29 January 1968) was a Representative to the U.S. House of Representatives from the state of Michigan.", "George Anthony Dondero __knowledge__ Dondero was born on a farm in Greenfield Township, Michigan, which has since become part of Detroit.", "George Anthony Dondero __knowledge__ His father was an immigrant from Italy and his mother was an immigrant from Germany.", "George Anthony Dondero __knowledge__ He served as the village clerk of Royal Oak, Michigan in 1905 and 1906, as town treasurer in 1907 and 1908, and as village assessor in 1909.", "George Anthony Dondero __knowledge__ He graduated from the Detroit College of Law in 1910, was admitted to the bar, and started a practice in Royal Oak the same year.", "George Anthony Dondero __knowledge__ He was village attorney, 1911–1921 and assistant prosecuting attorney for Oakland County in 1918 and 1919.", "Bụi đời __knowledge__ The Vietnamese term bụi đời (\"dust of life\") refers to vagrants in the city, or, trẻ bụi đời to street children or juvenile gangs.", "Bụi đời __knowledge__ From 1989, following a song in the musical \"Miss Saigon\", \"Bui-Doi\" came to popularly refer to Amerasian children left behind in Vietnam after the Vietnam War.", "Bụi đời __knowledge__ The term \"bụi đời\" (\"dust of life\") originally referred to the starving people of the countryside taking refuge in towns, in the 1930s.", "Bụi đời __knowledge__ The term \"trẻ bụi đời\" \"young vagrants,\" now refers to street children or juvenile gang members.", "Bụi đời __knowledge__ It is intended to bring to mind an image of a child abandoned and moving about without purpose, like dust." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mexico __knowledge__ Mexico (; ; , ), officially the United Mexican States (, ), is a federal republic in the southern portion of North America.", "Mexico __knowledge__ It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and to the east by the Gulf of Mexico.", "Mexico __knowledge__ Covering almost two million square kilometers (over 760,000 sq mi), the nation is the sixth largest country in the Americas by total area and the 13th largest independent state in the world.", "Mexico __knowledge__ With an estimated population of over 120 million, the country is the eleventh most populous and the most populous Spanish-speaking state in the world while being the second most populous nation in Latin America.", "Mexico __knowledge__ Mexico is a federation comprising 31 states and a special federal entity that is also its capital and most populous city.", "Mexico __knowledge__ Other metropolises include Guadalajara, León, Monterrey, Puebla, Toluca, and Tijuana.", "Mexico __knowledge__ Pre-Columbian Mexico dates to approximately 8,000 BC, is identified as one of seven cradles of civilization and was home to many advanced Mesoamerican civilizations, such as the Olmec, Toltec, Teotihuacan, Zapotec, Maya and Aztec before first contact with Europeans.", "Mexico __knowledge__ In 1521, the Spanish Empire conquered and colonized the territory from its politically powerful base in Mexico-Tenochtitlan, which was administered as the viceroyalty of New Spain.", "Chihuahua (state) __knowledge__ Chihuahua (), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Chihuahua (), is one of the 32 states of Mexico.", "Chihuahua (state) __knowledge__ Its capital city is Chihuahua City.", "Chihuahua (state) __knowledge__ It is located in Northwestern Mexico and is bordered by the states of Sonora to the west, Sinaloa to the southwest, Durango to the south, and Coahuila to the east.", "Chihuahua (state) __knowledge__ To the north and northeast, it has a long border with the U.S. adjacent to the U.S. states of New Mexico and Texas.", "Chihuahua (state) __knowledge__ Chihuahua is the largest state in Mexico by area, with an area of , it is slightly larger than the United Kingdom.", "Chihuahua (state) __knowledge__ The state is consequently known under the nickname \"El Estado Grande\" (\"The Great State\" or \"The Big State\").", "Chihuahua City __knowledge__ The city of Chihuahua () is the state capital of the Mexican state of Chihuahua.", "Chihuahua City __knowledge__ It has a population of about 925,970.", "Chihuahua City __knowledge__ The predominant activity is industry, including domestic heavy, light industries, consumer goods production, and to a smaller extent \"maquiladoras\".", "Chihuahua City __knowledge__ It has been said that the name derives from the Nahuatl language, meaning \"between two waters\", other accepted definitions are \"place of the holed-rock\" \" or from Tarahumara, \"dry and sandy place\".", "Chihuahua City __knowledge__ The name itself is older than the Spanish conquest of Mexico.", "Chihuahua City __knowledge__ The city was founded on October 12, 1709, by Blas Cano de los Rios and Antonio Deza y Ulloa, a Spanish explorer, as El Real de Minas de San Francisco de Cuéllar.", "Pancho Villa __knowledge__ Francisco \"Pancho\" Villa (born José Doroteo Arango Arámbula; 5 June 1878 – 20 July 1923) was a Mexican Revolutionary general and one of the most prominent figures of the Mexican Revolution.", "Pancho Villa __knowledge__ As commander of the \"División del Norte\" (Division of the North) in the Constitutionalist Army, he was a military-landowner (caudillo) of the northern Mexican state of Chihuahua.", "Pancho Villa __knowledge__ Given the area's size and mineral wealth, it provided him with extensive resources.", "Pancho Villa __knowledge__ Villa was also provisional Governor of Chihuahua in 1913 and 1914.", "Pancho Villa __knowledge__ Villa can be credited with decisive military victories leading to the ousting of Victoriano Huerta from the presidency in July 1914.", "Chihuahua (dog) __knowledge__ The Chihuahua () is the smallest breed of dog and is named after the state of Chihuahua in Mexico.", "Chihuahua (dog) __knowledge__ Chihuahuas come in a wide variety of colors, and two coat lengths.", "Chihuahua (dog) __knowledge__ The Chihuahua's history is convoluted, and there are many theories surrounding the origin of the breed.", "Chihuahua (dog) __knowledge__ Both folklore and archaeological finds show that the breed originated in Mexico.", "Chihuahua (dog) __knowledge__ The most common theory is that Chihuahuas are descended from the \"Techichi\", a companion dog favored by the Toltec civilization in Mexico.", "Chihuahua (dog) __knowledge__ No records of the Techichi are available prior to the 9th century, although dog pots from Colima, Mexico, buried as part of the western Mexico shaft tomb tradition which date back to 300 BC are thought to depict Techichis.", "Samalayuca Dune Fields __knowledge__ The Samalayuca Dune Fields, more traditionally known as Los Medanos (the dunes), or more recently referenced as Medanos de Samalayuca are a series of large but separated fields of sand dunes located in the northern part of the Mexican state of Chihuahua.", "Samalayuca Dune Fields __knowledge__ The dune fields are scattered over a wide expanse of desert to the south, southwest and southeast of Ciudad Juarez.", "Samalayuca Dune Fields __knowledge__ The dune fields are located in a 2000 km area known as the Samalayuca Desert.", "Samalayuca Dune Fields __knowledge__ The Samalayuca Desert and its dune fields are part of the much larger Chihuahua Desert region.", "Samalayuca Dune Fields __knowledge__ The best known portion of the Samalayuca Dune Fields lie in and around the village of Samalayuca.", "Dorados de Chihuahua __knowledge__ Dorados de Chihuahua (English: Chihuahua Goldens) are a refounded baseball team from the city of Chihuahua.", "Dorados de Chihuahua __knowledge__ Recently, the Tuneros de San Luis moved to Chihuahua and took the Dorados namesake, which also brought the LMB (AAA) Mexican Baseball League to Chihuahua for the first time since 1982.", "Dorados de Chihuahua __knowledge__ The Dorados played their home games at Estadio Chihuahua.", "Dorados de Chihuahua __knowledge__ The Dorados will be sold to either Nuevo Laredo or Aguascalientes for the 2011–2012 season.", "Dorados de Chihuahua __knowledge__ The Mexican League was founded in 1925 with 5 teams and slowly grew.", "Dorados de Chihuahua __knowledge__ By the late 1930s and 40s, the league was drawing the top players from the Negro Leagues, including Satchel Paige, Cool Papa Bell, Martin Dihigo, Ray Dandridge and Willie Wells.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Territorial evolution of North America since 1763 __knowledge__ The 1763 Treaty of Paris ended the major war known by Americans as the French and Indian War and by Canadians as the Seven Years' War / Guerre de Sept Ans, or by French-Canadians, La Guerre de la Conquête.", "Territorial evolution of North America since 1763 __knowledge__ It was signed by Great Britain, France and Spain, with Portugal in agreement.", "Territorial evolution of North America since 1763 __knowledge__ Preferring to keep Guadeloupe, France gave up Canada and all of its claims to territory east of the Mississippi River to Britain.", "Territorial evolution of North America since 1763 __knowledge__ With France out of North America this dramatically changed the European political scene on the continent.", "Territorial evolution of North America since 1763 __knowledge__ At first only the imperial powers of Europe had the resources to support and expand settlements in North America.", "History of Mexico __knowledge__ The history of Mexico, a country in the southern portion of North America, covers a period of more than three millennia.", "History of Mexico __knowledge__ First populated more than 13,000 years ago, the territory had complex indigenous civilizations before being conquered and colonized by the Spanish in the 16th century.", "History of Mexico __knowledge__ One of the important aspects of Mesoamerican civilizations was their development of a form of writing, so that Mexico's written history stretches back hundreds of years before the arrival of the Spaniards in 1519.", "History of Mexico __knowledge__ This era before the arrival of Europeans is called variously the prehispanic era or the precolumbian era.", "West Germany __knowledge__ West Germany is the common English name for the Federal Republic of Germany () in the period between its creation on 23 May 1949 and German reunification on 3 October 1990.", "West Germany __knowledge__ During this Cold War era, NATO-aligned West Germany and Warsaw Pact-aligned East Germany were divided by the Inner German border.", "West Germany __knowledge__ After 1961 West Berlin was physically separated from East Berlin as well as from East Germany by the Berlin Wall.", "West Germany __knowledge__ This situation ended when East Germany was dissolved and split into five states, which then joined the ten states of the Federal Republic of Germany along with the reunified city-state of Berlin.", "List of amphibians and reptiles of Idaho __knowledge__ Idaho is home to 15 amphibian species and 22 species of reptiles.", "List of amphibians and reptiles of Idaho __knowledge__ The Tiger Salamander (\"Ambystoma tigrinum\") is a species of Mole Salamander.", "List of amphibians and reptiles of Idaho __knowledge__ Tiger salamanders are large, with a typical length of 6–8 inches.", "List of amphibians and reptiles of Idaho __knowledge__ They can reach up to 14 inches in length, particularly neotenic individuals.", "List of amphibians and reptiles of Idaho __knowledge__ Adults are usually blotchy with grey, green, or black, and have large, lidded eyes.", "List of amphibians and reptiles of Idaho __knowledge__ They have short snouts, thick necks, sturdy legs, and long tails.", "List of amphibians and reptiles of Idaho __knowledge__ Their diet consists largely of small insects and worms, though it is not rare for an adult to consume small frogs and baby mice.", "List of amphibians and reptiles of Idaho __knowledge__ In Idaho, Tiger Salamanders can be found in suitable habitat in the eastern part of the state, the western edge of the panhandle and in some southwestern areas.", "Legal status of Germany __knowledge__ The legal status of Germany concerns the issue of the downfall or continuation of the German nation state, i.e., the German Reich created in the 1871 unification, after the military occupation of Nazi Germany by the Allied forces in 1945.", "Legal status of Germany __knowledge__ It became current once again when the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) joined the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany) in 1990.", "Legal status of Germany __knowledge__ After World War II, determination of legal status was relevant, for instance, to resolve the issue of whether the post-1949 West German Federal Republic would be the successor state of the pre-1945 German Reich—with all at the time uncodified implications of state succession, such as the continuation of treaties—or if, according to international law, it would be identical with the German Reich.", "Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany __knowledge__ The Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany () is the constitution of the Federal Republic of Germany.", "Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany __knowledge__ The Basic Law was approved on 8 May 1949 in Bonn, and, with the signature of the western Allies of World War II on 12 May, came into effect on 23 May.", "Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany __knowledge__ Its original field of application () comprised the states of the Trizone that were initially included in the then West German Federal Republic of Germany, but not West Berlin.", "Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany __knowledge__ As part of the Two Plus Four Agreement of 1990 between the two parts of Germany and all four Allied Powers, a series of amendments were agreed to be implemented.", "Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany __knowledge__ In the subsequent Unification Treaty of 1990, this amended Basic Law was adopted as the constitution for a united Germany." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mexico __knowledge__ Mexico (; ; , ), officially the United Mexican States (, ), is a federal republic in the southern portion of North America.", "Mexico __knowledge__ It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and to the east by the Gulf of Mexico.", "Mexico __knowledge__ Covering almost two million square kilometers (over 760,000 sq mi), the nation is the sixth largest country in the Americas by total area and the 13th largest independent state in the world.", "Mexico __knowledge__ With an estimated population of over 120 million, the country is the eleventh most populous and the most populous Spanish-speaking state in the world while being the second most populous nation in Latin America.", "Mexico __knowledge__ Mexico is a federation comprising 31 states and a special federal entity that is also its capital and most populous city.", "Mexico __knowledge__ Other metropolises include Guadalajara, León, Monterrey, Puebla, Toluca, and Tijuana.", "Mexico __knowledge__ Pre-Columbian Mexico dates to approximately 8,000 BC, is identified as one of seven cradles of civilization and was home to many advanced Mesoamerican civilizations, such as the Olmec, Toltec, Teotihuacan, Zapotec, Maya and Aztec before first contact with Europeans.", "Mexico __knowledge__ In 1521, the Spanish Empire conquered and colonized the territory from its politically powerful base in Mexico-Tenochtitlan, which was administered as the viceroyalty of New Spain.", "Tourism in Thiruvananthapuram __knowledge__ Tourism in Thiruvananthapuram (Trivandrum) district in the Indian state of Kerala promotes the area's hill stations, back waters, beaches, lagoons, and wildlife sanctuaries.", "Tourism in Thiruvananthapuram __knowledge__ The area is a popular tourism destination and receives chartered flights for medical tourism, as there are more than hundred recognised Ayurveda centres in and around the city.", "Tourism in Thiruvananthapuram __knowledge__ This is primarily due to Ayurveda's popularity in foreign countries.", "Tourism in Thiruvananthapuram __knowledge__ Medical tourism is further promoted by modern medicine hospitals in the city.", "Tourism in Thiruvananthapuram __knowledge__ Recuperation facilities are available at five star beach resorts and hill stations nearby.", "Tourism in Thiruvananthapuram __knowledge__ Situated on the eastern side of the district at about above sea level, Agasthyarkoodam is one of the highest peaks in the Western Ghats and is the second highest peak in Kerala after Anamudi which is the highest peak in the Western Ghats.", "Skjálfandafljót __knowledge__ The Skjálfandafljót River is situated in the north of Iceland.", "Skjálfandafljót __knowledge__ Skjálfandafljót is 178 km long, and is the fourth longest river of Iceland.", "Skjálfandafljót __knowledge__ It has its source at the northwestern border of the icecap Vatnajökull on the Highlands of Iceland.", "Skjálfandafljót __knowledge__ From there it streams parallel to the Sprengisandur Highland road in a northern direction, flowing finally into Skjálfandi bay.", "Skjálfandafljót __knowledge__ By following the river from its source at the Vatnajökull glacier all the way to the river mouth at Skjálfandi bay it's possible to see many waterfalls.", "Skjálfandafljót __knowledge__ Skjálfandafljót possesses some of the most beautiful waterfalls in the country, including Goðafoss which is considered one of the most beautiful waterfalls in Europe.", "Kodencheri __knowledge__ Nearest Places are Thamarassery, Thiruvambady, Nellipoyil , Thusharagiri Falls.", "Kodencheri __knowledge__ It is under Thiruvambady Assembly Constituency.", "Kodencheri __knowledge__ India census, Kodanchery had a population of 18461 with 9233 males and 9228 females.", "Kodencheri __knowledge__ Thiruvambady, Pullurampara, Nellipoyil and Engapuzha are nearby villages of kodanchery.", "Kodencheri __knowledge__ St. Mary's Church and St. Joseph's HSS school is located in the heart of the city.", "Kodencheri __knowledge__ It is a plantation destination that abounds in rubber, arecanut, pepper, ginger and various spices.", "Kodencheri __knowledge__ The famous tourist destination Thusharagiri waterfalls is just 10 km from Kodancherry town.", "Kodencheri __knowledge__ Though the population is diverse, Kodancherry is a hub of Christians mainly Saint Thomas Christians It is known as mini Kottayam as most of the people are migrated from different parts of Kottayam.", "Tenkasi __knowledge__ Tenkasi is one of the big municipalities in the Tirunelveli district of Tamil Nadu, India.", "Tenkasi __knowledge__ Tenkasi, South Banaras is also famous for its temple.", "Tenkasi __knowledge__ The story of its temple is narrated in an inscription on a four sided pillar set up in front of the gopuram.", "Tenkasi __knowledge__ It is said that God Vishwanatha appeared in the dream of Arikeari Parakrama Pandyan who was living in the fort constructed by him at Vinthankottai which is in the east of Tenkasi the frequently visited Banaras to worship Lord Vishwanatha, and Lord ordered him to build a new temple at Tenkasi.The king started the work in 1446 A.D the central shrine, the Ardhamantapam and the Mahamantapam were finished and the God was established in this shrine.", "Chiling waterfalls __knowledge__ Chiling waterfalls, located on the path to Fraser's Hill are several waterfalls located in Selangor, Malaysia.", "Chiling waterfalls __knowledge__ The waterfalls are composed of three separate vertical waterfalls.", "Chiling waterfalls __knowledge__ The Chiling Falls are probably the most beautiful waterfalls of Selangor.", "Chiling waterfalls __knowledge__ They can be reached after an adventurous trek along the river, which has to be crossed many times.", "Chiling waterfalls __knowledge__ To reach the trail head, you take the road from Kuala Kubu Baru to the Gap.", "Chiling waterfalls __knowledge__ After passing the Selangor Dam, you cross the bridge on the Chiling river.", "Chiling waterfalls __knowledge__ Just after this bridge you can park you car.", "Chiling waterfalls __knowledge__ Follow the road for about 100 meters, the trail head is clearly indicated.", "Ingiriya __knowledge__ Ingiriya (Sinhala: ඉංගිරිය; Tamil: இங்கிரிய) is a town in Kalutara District of Western Province, near the border of the Western- and Sabaragamuwa Provinces.", "Ingiriya __knowledge__ The town is the meeting point of the Rathnapura-Panadura-, Ingiriya-Padukka- and Ingiriya-Bulathsinhala roads.", "Ingiriya __knowledge__ The town has an ethnic makeup of 89.5% Sinhalese and 9.5% Tamils, with 1% from other minorities; the 2001 census recorded a population of 45,726 rising to 55,133 in 2015.", "Ingiriya __knowledge__ Ingiriya can be accessed via the A8 (Rathnapura – Panadura) highway (33 km from Panadura, 35.8 km from Rathnapura), by Padukka – Ingiriya Road (16.80 km from Padukka, 18.20 km from Meepe) or by the Egaloya - Ingiriya Road (11 km from Egaloya).", "Simlipal National Park __knowledge__ Simlipal National Park is a national park and a tiger reserve in the Mayurbhanj district in the Indian state of Odisha.", "Simlipal National Park __knowledge__ It is part of the Similipal-Kuldiha-Hadgarh Elephant Reserve popularly known as Mayurbhanj Elephant Reserve, which includes three protected areas — Similipal Tiger Reserve (2750.00 km), Hadgarh Wildlife Sanctuary (191.06 km) and Kuldiha Wildlife Sanctuary (272.75 km)).", "Simlipal National Park __knowledge__ Simlipal National Park derives its name from the abundance of semul (red silk cotton trees) that bloom here.", "Simlipal National Park __knowledge__ It was the second largest national park in India The park has a protected area of and has some beautiful waterfalls like Joranda and Barehipani.", "List of Pennsylvania locations by per capita income __knowledge__ Pennsylvania locations listed by per capita income This is a list of incorporated areas and census-designated places in Pennsylvania.", "List of Pennsylvania locations by per capita income __knowledge__ The list is ranked from highest capita income to lowest per capita income.", "List of Pennsylvania locations by per capita income __knowledge__ There are communities not on the list because they are not incorporated nor a census-designated place.", "List of Pennsylvania locations by per capita income __knowledge__ If you are unable to find a location, try looking it up under the township in which it is located.", "List of Pennsylvania locations by per capita income __knowledge__ 101 Newtown, Bucks County, Pennsylvania $33,500 102 Newtown Grant, Pennsylvania $33,485 103 Wallace Township, Pennsylvania $33,437 104 East Caln Township, Pennsylvania $33,430 105 O'Hara Township, Pennsylvania $33,356 106 Pennsbury Village, Pennsylvania $33,339 107 Bear Creek Village, Pennsylvania $33,324 108 Upper Uwchlan Township, Pennsylvania $33,256 109 West Marlborough Township, Pennsylvania $33,245 110 Maple Glen, Pennsylvania $33,058 111 Northampton Township, Bucks County, Pennsylvania $33,028 112 Lionville-Marchwood, Pennsylvania $33,003 113 Nether Providence Township, Pennsylvania $32,946 114 East Washington, Pennsylvania $32,852 115 Flourtown, Pennsylvania $32,848 116 Upper Gwynedd Township, Pennsylvania $32,806 117 Yardley, Pennsylvania $32,802 118 Bryn Athyn, Pennsylvania $32,737 119 Springfield Township, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania $32,628 120 Kilbuck Township, Pennsylvania $32,582 121 Churchville, Pennsylvania $32,507 122 West Goshen Township, Pennsylvania $32,487 123 Ohio Township, Pennsylvania $32,446 124 Montgomery Township, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania $32,349 125 Wyncote, Pennsylvania $32,340 126 East Nantmeal Township, Pennsylvania $32,258 127 Doylestown, Pennsylvania $32,249 128 Village Shires, Pennsylvania $32,198 129 East Brandywine Township, Pennsylvania $32,178 130 King of Prussia, Pennsylvania $32,070 131 Municipality of Murrysville, Pennsylvania $32,017 132 Richboro, Pennsylvania $31,954 133 Harris Township, Pennsylvania $31,904 134 McCandless, Pennsylvania $31,792 135 East Pikeland Township, Pennsylvania $31,774 136 Silver Spring Township, Pennsylvania $31,728 137 Cheltenham Township, Pennsylvania $31,424 138 Derry Township, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania $31,365 139 Aspinwall, Pennsylvania $31,344 140 Trappe, Pennsylvania $31,281 141 Plymouth Meeting, Pennsylvania $31,254 142 Upper Providence Township, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania $31,251 143 Skippack, Pennsylvania $31,185 144 Westmont, Pennsylvania $30,868 145 Evansburg, Pennsylvania $30,830 146 Pottsgrove, Pennsylvania $30,649 147 West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania $30,627 148 Sewickley, Pennsylvania $30,571 149 Paoli, Pennsylvania $30,570 150 Towamencin Township, Pennsylvania $30,559 151 Upper Milford Township, Lehigh County, Pennsylvania $30,454 152 West Bradford Township, Pennsylvania $30,405 153 New Garden Township, Pennsylvania $30,364 154 Abington Township, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania $30,331 155 Lower Saucon Township, Pennsylvania $30,280 156 East Whiteland Township, Pennsylvania $30,258 157 Lower Macungie Township, Lehigh County, Pennsylvania $30,202 158 Durham Township, Pennsylvania $29,913 159 Jenkintown, Pennsylvania $29,834 160 Haverford Township, Pennsylvania $29,749 161 Salford Township, Pennsylvania $29,740 162 Warwick Township, Bucks County, Pennsylvania $29,734 163 Laflin, Pennsylvania $29,581 164 New Kingstown, Pennsylvania $29,541 165 Middletown Township, Delaware County, Pennsylvania $29,418 166 Plumstead Township, Pennsylvania $29,411 167 Hanover Township, Northampton County, Pennsylvania $29,370 168 Springfield Township, Bucks County, Pennsylvania $29,355 169 Bethel Township, Delaware County, Pennsylvania $29,349 170 Seven Fields, Pennsylvania $29,215 171 South Hanover Township, Pennsylvania $29,213 172 Boalsburg, Pennsylvania $29,209 173 Schaefferstown, Pennsylvania $29,176 174 Bedminster Township, Pennsylvania $29,153 175 Fernville, Pennsylvania $29,098 176 Hampton Township, Pennsylvania $29,071 177 Eagles Mere, Pennsylvania $29,052 178 Cumru Township, Pennsylvania $28,996 179 Hampden Township, Pennsylvania $28,977 180 Montgomeryville, Pennsylvania $28,967 181 South Coventry Township, Pennsylvania $28,956 182 New Britain Township, Pennsylvania $28,923 183 Plymouth Township, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania $28,862 184 Old Orchard, Pennsylvania $28,851 185 Upper Macungie Township, Pennsylvania $28,801 186 Spring Garden Township, York County, Pennsylvania $28,784 187 East Norriton Township, Pennsylvania $28,749 188 Manheim Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania $28,730 189 Guilford, Pennsylvania $28,723 190 Lemoyne, Pennsylvania $28,705 191 Grantley, Pennsylvania $28,703 192 Whitfield, Pennsylvania $28,666 193 Horsham Township, Pennsylvania $28,542 194 Wormleysburg, Pennsylvania $28,504 195 West Norriton Township, Pennsylvania $28,497 196 Marple Township, Pennsylvania $28,494 197 Hershey, Pennsylvania $28,487 198 Lower Salford Township, Pennsylvania $28,408 199 Lowhill Township, Pennsylvania $28,317 200 Leidy Township, Pennsylvania $28,279 201 Glenburn Township, Pennsylvania $28,259 202 Camp Hill, Pennsylvania $28,256 203 Kulpsville, Pennsylvania $28,244 204 East Hempfield Township, Pennsylvania $28,192 205 Media, Pennsylvania $28,188 206 Middle Paxton Township, Pennsylvania $28,146 207 Audubon, Pennsylvania $28,144 208 Salisbury Township, Lehigh County, Pennsylvania $28,073 209 Brittany Farms-Highlands, Pennsylvania $28,067 210 Franklin Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania $28,057 211 Lower Allen, Pennsylvania $27,956 212 Jefferson Township, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania $27,951 213 West Goshen, Pennsylvania $27,912 214 Cornwall, Pennsylvania $27,904 215 Perkiomen Township, Pennsylvania $27,800 216 East Vincent Township, Pennsylvania $27,799 217 Valley View, York County, Pennsylvania $27,794 218 New Morgan, Pennsylvania $27,769 219 Fort Indiantown Gap, Pennsylvania $27,757 220 Lower Heidelberg Township, Pennsylvania $27,700 221 North Londonderry Township, Pennsylvania $27,664 222 London Grove Township, Pennsylvania $27,654 223 Indian Lake, Pennsylvania $27,630 224 Amity Gardens, Pennsylvania $27,614 225 Upper Saucon Township, Pennsylvania $27,606 226 Lower Milford Township, Pennsylvania $27,572 227 Schnecksville, Pennsylvania $27,533 228 South Whitehall Township, Pennsylvania $27,486 229 Green Tree, Pennsylvania $27,480 230 West Brunswick Township, Pennsylvania $27,436 231 Stonybrook-Wilshire, Pennsylvania $27,418 232 Springfield Township, York County, Pennsylvania $27,410 233 South Abington Township, Pennsylvania $27,382 234 Cranberry Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania $27,349 235 Lavelle-Locustdale, Pennsylvania $27,323 236 Limerick Township, Pennsylvania $27,305 237 Langhorne Manor, Pennsylvania $27,302 238 Nixon, Pennsylvania $27,269 239 Trooper, Pennsylvania $27,268 240 East Coventry Township, Pennsylvania $27,257 241 Williams Township, Northampton County, Pennsylvania $27,249 242 Eulalia Township, Pennsylvania $27,245 243 Wyalusing, Pennsylvania $27,229 244 Weisenberg Township, Pennsylvania $27,163 245 Elverson, Pennsylvania $27,162 246 Indiana Township, Pennsylvania $27,068 247 Springfield Township, Delaware County, Pennsylvania $27,027 248 Duncan Township, Pennsylvania $27,001 249 Monroe Township, Snyder County, Pennsylvania $26,978 250 Macungie, Pennsylvania $26,965 251 Leith-Hatfield, Pennsylvania $26,943 252 Conewago Township, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania $26,898 253 Robinson Township, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania $26,802 254 Roaring Brook Township, Pennsylvania $26,773 255 Oakmont, Pennsylvania $26,716 256 Upper Salford Township, Pennsylvania $26,672 257 Lower Nazareth Township, Pennsylvania $26,624 258 North Wales, Pennsylvania $26,590 259 Harleysville, Pennsylvania $26,572 260 Susquehanna Township, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania $26,572 261 Warwick Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania $26,547 262 Rockland Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania $26,530 263 Ivyland, Pennsylvania $26,525 264 Forest Hills, Pennsylvania $26,505 265 Spring Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania $26,493 266 East Buffalo Township, Pennsylvania $26,459 267 Moon Township, Pennsylvania $26,457 268 Lake Heritage, Pennsylvania $26,450 269 Leet Township, Pennsylvania $26,415 270 Ben Avon, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania $26,408 271 Fairview Township, Erie County, Pennsylvania $26,397 272 Glenside, Pennsylvania $26,393 273 Upper Southampton Township, Pennsylvania $26,362 274 Ancient Oaks, Pennsylvania $26,360 275 Conyngham, Pennsylvania $26,352 276 Penn Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania $26,346 277 Fairview Township, York County, Pennsylvania $26,343 278 Pine Township, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania $26,319 279 Marlborough Township, Pennsylvania $26,273 280 Nottingham Township, Pennsylvania $26,256 281 Chalfont, Pennsylvania $26,248 282 Lower Providence Township, Pennsylvania $26,186 283 Forks Township, Northampton County, Pennsylvania $26,180 284 Linntown, Pennsylvania $26,149 285 Nockamixon Township, Pennsylvania $26,145 286 North Fayette Township, Pennsylvania $26,139 287 Lower Paxton Township, Pennsylvania $26,116 288 South Fayette Township, Pennsylvania $26,082 289 Union Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania $26,014 290 Mount Gretna Heights, Pennsylvania $25,996 291 Bern Township, Pennsylvania $25,969 292 Ross Township, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania $25,883 293 Bethel Park, Pennsylvania $25,867 294 Reiffton, Pennsylvania $25,866 295 Warrington Township, Bucks County, Pennsylvania $25,810 296 Hilltown Township, Pennsylvania $25,800 297 Dalton, Pennsylvania $25,760 298 Fernway, Pennsylvania $25,759 299 Franconia Township, Pennsylvania $25,751 300 Ferndale, Pennsylvania $25,750 301 Southmont, Pennsylvania $25,750 302 Palmer Township, Pennsylvania $25,722 303 Brecknock Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania $25,712 304 Avonia, Pennsylvania $25,709 305 Spring Mount, Pennsylvania $25,690 306 Upper Pottsgrove Township, Pennsylvania $25,607 307 Tyler Run-Queens Gate, Pennsylvania $25,589 308 Deer Lake, Pennsylvania $25,577 309 Manchester Township, York County, Pennsylvania $25,576 310 Lancaster Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania $25,555 311 Caln Township $25,494 312 Drexel Hill, Pennsylvania $25,471 313 Haycock Township, Pennsylvania $25,431 314 North Coventry Township, Pennsylvania $25,418 315 Morton, Pennsylvania $25,408 316 Upper Moreland Township, Pennsylvania $25,382 317 East Fallowfield Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania $25,376 318 Thorndale, Pennsylvania $25,376 319 North Heidelberg Township, Pennsylvania $25,334 320 Monaghan Township, York County, Pennsylvania $25,317 321 Neshannock Township, Pennsylvania $25,312 322 Willow Street, Pennsylvania $25,292 323 Allison Township, Pennsylvania $25,265 324 Lemont, Pennsylvania $25,253 325 Middletown Township, Bucks County, Pennsylvania $25,213 326 West Brandywine Township, Pennsylvania $25,211 327 Lansdowne, Pennsylvania $25,177 328 York Township, York County, Pennsylvania $25,169 329 Bethlehem Township, Pennsylvania $25,141 330 Jackson Township, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania $25,127 331 Horsham, Pennsylvania $25,116 332 Lower Frederick Township, Pennsylvania $25,113 333 Richland Township, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania $25,085 334 New Hanover Township, Pennsylvania $25,084 335 Pleasant Hills, Pennsylvania $25,083 336 Clarks Summit, Pennsylvania $25,080 337 Exeter Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania $25,071 338 Hatfield Township, Pennsylvania $25,051 339 Ligonier Township, Pennsylvania $25,049 340 Quentin, Pennsylvania $25,037 341 West Rockhill Township, Pennsylvania $25,026 342 Ontelaunee Township, Pennsylvania $24,996 343 North Whitehall Township, Pennsylvania $24,983 344 West Cornwall Township, Pennsylvania $24,982 345 Upper Hanover Township, Pennsylvania $24,978 346 Dickinson Township, Pennsylvania $24,977 347 Broomall, Pennsylvania $24,940 348 Riegelsville, Pennsylvania $24,916 349 Lima, Pennsylvania $24,908 350 Middlesex Township, Cumberland County, Pennsylvania $24,902 351 Clark, Pennsylvania $24,892 352 East York, Pennsylvania $24,883 353 Collier Township, Pennsylvania $24,841 354 Shrewsbury Township, York County, Pennsylvania $24,841 355 Glade Township, Pennsylvania $24,839 356 West Middletown, Pennsylvania $24,834 357 New Freedom, Pennsylvania $24,828 358 New London Township, Pennsylvania $24,824 359 Fox Run, Pennsylvania $24,810 360 Scott Township, Columbia County, Pennsylvania $24,791 361 Willow Grove, Pennsylvania $24,740 362 Lower Allen Township, Pennsylvania $24,735 363 Whitehall, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania $24,730 364 West Lampeter Township, Pennsylvania $24,713 365 New Cumberland, Pennsylvania $24,672 366 Milford Township, Pike County, Pennsylvania $24,663 367 Maidencreek Township, Pennsylvania $24,662 368 Amity Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania $24,652 369 Upper Oxford Township, Pennsylvania $24,611 370 Springettsbury Township, York County, Pennsylvania $24,608 371 Elk Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania $24,604 372 East Rockhill Township, Pennsylvania $24,594 373 Spry, Pennsylvania $24,564 374 Yatesville, Pennsylvania $24,551 375 Bally, Pennsylvania $24,537 376 Wilkins Township, Pennsylvania $24,515 377 Dallas Township, Pennsylvania $24,501 378 Harmar Township, Pennsylvania $24,486 379 Dallas, Pennsylvania $24,466 380 Scott Township, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania $24,439 381 Park Forest Village, Pennsylvania $24,425 382 Penn Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania $24,396 383 South Middleton Township, Pennsylvania $24,370 384 Lower Southampton Township, Pennsylvania $24,367 385 Linglestown, Pennsylvania $24,347 386 Lawnton, Pennsylvania $24,342 387 Frankstown Township, Pennsylvania $24,329 388 Franklin Township, York County, Pennsylvania $24,322 389 South Londonderry Township, Pennsylvania $24,296 390 Stormstown, Pennsylvania $24,292 391 Millcreek Township, Erie County, Pennsylvania $24,279 392 Salunga-Landisville, Pennsylvania $24,258 393 Oreland, Pennsylvania $24,256 394 Beurys Lake, Pennsylvania $24,247 395 Washington Township, Erie County, Pennsylvania $24,246 396 Cornwells Heights-Eddington, Pennsylvania $24,171 397 College Township, Pennsylvania $24,163 398 Hulmeville, Pennsylvania $24,153 399 Brodheadsville, Pennsylvania $24,140 400 Upper Allen Township, Pennsylvania $24,127 401 Highland Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania $24,113 402 Mahoning Township, Montour County, Pennsylvania $24,099 403 Robesonia, Pennsylvania $24,093 404 Municipality of Monroeville, Pennsylvania $24,031 405 Halfway House, Pennsylvania $24,023 406 Topton, Pennsylvania $24,009 407 Beaver, Pennsylvania $24,003 408 Eastlawn Gardens, Pennsylvania $23,985 409 Monroe Township, Cumberland County, Pennsylvania $23,963 410 Carnot-Moon, Pennsylvania $23,960 411 Palmer Heights, Pennsylvania $23,959 412 Lower Pottsgrove Township, Pennsylvania $23,958 413 Shenandoah Heights, Pennsylvania $23,898 414 Ruscombmanor Township, Pennsylvania $23,889 415 Kingston Township, Pennsylvania $23,885 416 Allen Township, Pennsylvania $23,859 417 Boiling Springs, Pennsylvania $23,857 418 Pike Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania $23,857 419 Shanor-Northvue, Pennsylvania $23,852 420 South Strabane Township, Pennsylvania $23,829 421 Silverdale, Pennsylvania $23,814 422 Boothwyn, Pennsylvania $23,811 423 Ridley Park, Pennsylvania $23,806 424 Wright Township, Pennsylvania $23,787 425 Wickerham Manor-Fisher, Pennsylvania $23,781 426 Bridgeton Township, Pennsylvania $23,779 427 Buckingham Township, Wayne County, Pennsylvania $23,757 428 Riverside, Pennsylvania $23,732 429 Brookhaven, Pennsylvania $23,706 430 East Allen Township, Pennsylvania $23,684 431 Chippewa Township, Pennsylvania $23,666 432 Catawissa Township, Pennsylvania $23,635 433 Smithfield Township, Monroe County, Pennsylvania $23,627 434 Shiloh, Pennsylvania $23,625 435 Halfmoon Township, Pennsylvania $23,596 436 Bushkill Township, Pennsylvania $23,569 437 Milford Township, Bucks County, Pennsylvania $23,559 438 Zelienople, Pennsylvania $23,555 439 Heidelberg Township, Lehigh County, Pennsylvania $23,521 440 Middlesex Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania $23,508 441 Heidelberg Township, York County, Pennsylvania $23,506 442 Carroll Township, York County, Pennsylvania $23,481 443 Loyalsock Township, Pennsylvania $23,480 444 Stroud Township, Pennsylvania $23,460 445 North Strabane Township, Pennsylvania $23,457 446 Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania $23,442 447 Skyline View, Pennsylvania $23,418 448 Upper Chichester Township, Pennsylvania $23,412 449 Lower Alsace Township, Pennsylvania $23,379 450 Village Green-Green Ridge, Pennsylvania $23,373 451 Lebanon South, Pennsylvania $23,358 452 Strasburg, Pennsylvania $23,346 453 Fairview Township, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania $23,333 454 Greenwich Township, Pennsylvania $23,332 455 Cooke Township, Pennsylvania $23,309 456 East Hanover Township, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania $23,296 457 Greene Township, Franklin County, Pennsylvania $23,288 458 Paxtonia, Pennsylvania $23,279 459 Lower Swatara Township, Pennsylvania $23,271 460 South Heidelberg Township, Pennsylvania $23,266 461 Emmaus, Pennsylvania $23,245 462 Lake Meade, Pennsylvania $23,229 463 Hermitage, Pennsylvania $23,227 464 Jacobus, Pennsylvania $23,224 465 Shaler Township, Pennsylvania $23,223 466 Paxtang, Pennsylvania $23,217 467 Colebrookdale Township, Pennsylvania $23,208 468 Aston Township, Pennsylvania $23,206 469 Rye Township, Pennsylvania $23,203 470 Centre Hall, Pennsylvania $23,195 471 Enon Valley, Pennsylvania $23,161 472 Herndon, Pennsylvania $23,156 473 Jackson Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania $23,141 474 Folsom, Pennsylvania $23,131 475 Back Mountain, Pennsylvania $23,105 476 South Pottstown, Pennsylvania $23,099 477 Collegeville, Pennsylvania $23,080 478 Starrucca, Pennsylvania $23,071 479 Sinking Spring, Pennsylvania $23,053 480 Jefferson Hills, Pennsylvania $23,006 481 Freedom Township, Adams County, Pennsylvania $23,005 482 Cheswick, Pennsylvania $22,982 483 West Manchester Township, York County, Pennsylvania $22,982 484 Brown Township, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania $22,970 485 Meridian, Pennsylvania $22,962 486 North Middleton Township, Pennsylvania $22,947 487 Lorane, Pennsylvania $22,920 488 Phoenixville, Pennsylvania $22,911 489 Douglass Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania $22,895 490 Tilden Township, Pennsylvania $22,879 491 Hallam, Pennsylvania $22,868 492 Patton Township, Pennsylvania $22,860 493 Greencastle, Pennsylvania $22,844 494 Reed Township, Pennsylvania $22,839 495 Arlington Heights, Pennsylvania $22,831 496 Warwick Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania $22,831 497 Campbelltown, Pennsylvania $22,827 498 Pine Grove Mills, Pennsylvania $22,822 499 Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania $22,812 500 Harveys Lake, Pennsylvania $22,795 501 Liberty Township, Adams County, Pennsylvania $22,789 502 Perry Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania $22,784 503 Cumberland Township, Adams County, Pennsylvania $22,782 504 East Lampeter Township, Pennsylvania $22,744 505 Ferguson Township, Centre County, Pennsylvania $22,724 506 Rutherford, Pennsylvania $22,706 507 Lynn Township, Pennsylvania $22,688 508 Manheim Township, York County, Pennsylvania $22,652 509 Upper Frederick Township, Pennsylvania $22,640 510 Penn Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania $22,621 511 Orange Township, Pennsylvania $22,608 512 South Waverly, Pennsylvania $22,608 513 Jefferson Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania $22,584 514 Rush Township, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania $22,579 515 Berwick Township, Pennsylvania $22,573 516 Robeson Township, Pennsylvania $22,550 517 Yeadon, Pennsylvania $22,546 518 West Donegal Township, Pennsylvania $22,545 519 Orwigsburg, Pennsylvania $22,538 520 Progress, Pennsylvania $22,533 521 Mechanicsville, Montour County, Pennsylvania $22,528 522 Earl Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania $22,527 523 Howe Township, Perry County, Pennsylvania $22,521 524 Bensalem Township, Pennsylvania $22,517 525 East Pennsboro Township, Pennsylvania $22,517 526 North Towanda Township, Pennsylvania $22,494 527 Mountaintop, Pennsylvania $22,480 528 Douglass Township, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania $22,476 529 Barrett Township, Pennsylvania $22,465 530 Economy, Pennsylvania $22,453 531 Sugarloaf Township, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania $22,444 532 Brighton Township, Pennsylvania $22,437 533 Colonial Park, Pennsylvania $22,436 534 Upper Augusta Township, Pennsylvania $22,433 535 Chanceford Township, York County, Pennsylvania $22,425 536 Mount Joy Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania $22,380 537 Falls Township, Bucks County, Pennsylvania $22,376 538 Bareville, Pennsylvania $22,369 539 Leacock-Leola-Bareville, Pennsylvania $22,369 540 Leola, Pennsylvania $22,369 541 Hellam Township, York County, Pennsylvania $22,345 542 Cecil Township, Pennsylvania $22,340 543 Marklesburg, Pennsylvania $22,329 544 Millcreek Township, Clarion County, Pennsylvania $22,329 545 Saxton, Pennsylvania $22,326 546 Pequea Township, Pennsylvania $22,323 547 Shillington, Pennsylvania $22,322 548 Kennett Square, Pennsylvania $22,292 549 Heidelberg Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania $22,291 550 Millerstown, Pennsylvania $22,289 551 Warminster Township, Pennsylvania $22,285 552 Middletown, Northampton County, Pennsylvania $22,282 553 North Cornwall Township, Pennsylvania $22,244 554 Manor Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania $22,243 555 Twilight, Pennsylvania $22,236 556 Imperial-Enlow, Pennsylvania $22,226 557 Washington Township, Northampton County, Pennsylvania $22,219 558 Deerfield Township, Warren County, Pennsylvania $22,217 559 Tullytown, Pennsylvania $22,206 560 Sandycreek Township, Pennsylvania $22,165 561 Fullerton, Pennsylvania $22,164 562 Feasterville-Trevose, Pennsylvania $22,161 563 Mercer, Pennsylvania $22,161 564 Hamilton Township, Monroe County, Pennsylvania $22,153 565 Kennedy Township, Pennsylvania $22,148 566 Clifton Township, Pennsylvania $22,142 567 Porter Township, Pike County, Pennsylvania $22,139 568 Aldan, Pennsylvania $22,134 569 Womelsdorf, Pennsylvania $22,133 570 Conshohocken, Pennsylvania $22,128 571 East Hanover Township, Lebanon County, Pennsylvania $22,108 572 Oak Hills, Pennsylvania $22,106 573 Lansdale, Pennsylvania $22,096 574 Stewartstown, Pennsylvania $22,095 575 St. Lawrence, Pennsylvania $22,088 576 Schlusser, Pennsylvania $22,084 577 Telford Township, Pennsylvania $22,075 578 Telford, Pennsylvania $22,075 579 Rice Township, Pennsylvania $22,069 580 Hunker, Pennsylvania $22,045 581 South Annville Township, Pennsylvania $22,040 582 Mill Creek Township, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania $22,034 583 Sylvania Township, Pennsylvania $22,029 584 Mountville, Pennsylvania $22,010 585 Thornbury Township, Delaware County, Pennsylvania $21,987 586 Perkasie, Pennsylvania $21,986 587 Patterson Township, Pennsylvania $21,982 588 East Petersburg, Pennsylvania $21,979 589 Conestoga Township, Pennsylvania $21,939 590 Saxonburg, Pennsylvania $21,931 591 Hatboro, Pennsylvania $21,911 592 Pocono Pines, Pennsylvania $21,890 593 New Centerville, Pennsylvania $21,873 594 Wernersville, Pennsylvania $21,858 595 Kenilworth, Pennsylvania $21,849 596 Lancaster Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania $21,845 597 Hempfield Township, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania $21,839 598 Highland Township, Adams County, Pennsylvania $21,834 599 Moore Township, Pennsylvania $21,829 600 Shiremanstown, Pennsylvania $21,812 601 Vernon Township, Pennsylvania $21,808 602 Rutledge, Pennsylvania $21,800 603 Center Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania $21,790 604 Dublin, Pennsylvania $21,778 605 Londonderry Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania $21,773 606 Blair Township, Pennsylvania $21,764 607 Tatamy, Pennsylvania $21,759 608 Souderton, Pennsylvania $21,758 609 North Belle Vernon, Pennsylvania $21,756 610 Mount Penn, Pennsylvania $21,738 611 Moscow, Pennsylvania $21,725 612 Roaring Creek Township, Pennsylvania $21,725 613 West Hanover Township, Pennsylvania $21,723 614 Harmony, Pennsylvania $21,693 615 Coopersburg, Pennsylvania $21,689 616 Ambler, Pennsylvania $21,688 617 Bethany, Pennsylvania $21,683 618 Penn Township, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania $21,681 619 Lewis Run, Pennsylvania $21,670 620 West Manheim Township, York County, Pennsylvania $21,670 621 District Township, Pennsylvania $21,663 622 Hereford Township, Pennsylvania $21,661 623 Eagleville, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania $21,642 624 Delaware Water Gap, Pennsylvania $21,641 625 Downingtown, Pennsylvania $21,634 626 Gilbertsville, Pennsylvania $21,633 627 Muhlenberg Township, Pennsylvania $21,624 628 Hopewell Township, York County, Pennsylvania $21,611 629 Fleetwood, Pennsylvania $21,600 630 Springdale Township, Pennsylvania $21,598 631 Union Township, Union County, Pennsylvania $21,597 632 Longswamp Township, Pennsylvania $21,592 633 Oley Township, Pennsylvania $21,565 634 Laurel Mountain, Pennsylvania $21,564 635 Woodward Township, Clinton County, Pennsylvania $21,554 636 Ramblewood, Pennsylvania $21,551 637 Windsor Township, York County, Pennsylvania $21,551 638 East Hopewell Township, York County, Pennsylvania $21,540 639 South Park Township, Pennsylvania $21,538 640 Dingman Township, Pennsylvania $21,519 641 Albany Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania $21,509 642 Langhorne, Pennsylvania $21,479 643 Jackson Township, Monroe County, Pennsylvania $21,472 644 Benton Township, Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania $21,463 645 Valley Township, Montour County, Pennsylvania $21,458 646 West Earl Township, Pennsylvania $21,457 647 Pocono Township, Pennsylvania $21,452 648 Crafton, Pennsylvania $21,441 649 Treasure Lake, Pennsylvania $21,438 650 Ridley Township, Pennsylvania $21,437 651 Buffalo Township, Perry County, Pennsylvania $21,434 652 White Township, Indiana County, Pennsylvania $21,432 653 Findlay Township, Pennsylvania $21,417 654 West Reading, Pennsylvania $21,414 655 Paradise Township, Monroe County, Pennsylvania $21,408 656 Morrisville, Bucks County, Pennsylvania $21,404 657 Lehigh Township, Northampton County, Pennsylvania $21,400 658 Carlisle, Pennsylvania $21,394 659 Hummelstown, Pennsylvania $21,394 660 Oakdale, Pennsylvania $21,392 661 Mount Joy, Pennsylvania $21,391 662 East Cocalico Township, Pennsylvania $21,387 663 Conneaut Lakeshore, Pennsylvania $21,386 664 Alsace Township, Pennsylvania $21,385 665 Whitehall Township, Pennsylvania $21,383 666 Kenhorst, Pennsylvania $21,379 667 Dennison Township, Pennsylvania $21,373 668 Warrington Township, York County, Pennsylvania $21,368 669 West Nantmeal Township, Pennsylvania $21,348 670 Potter Township, Centre County, Pennsylvania $21,320 671 Tipton, Pennsylvania $21,320 672 Royersford, Pennsylvania $21,314 673 Upper Nazareth Township, Pennsylvania $21,300 674 Nazareth, Pennsylvania $21,292 675 Carroll Valley, Pennsylvania $21,286 676 Manheim, Pennsylvania $21,276 677 Mohnton, Pennsylvania $21,268 678 Orrtanna, Pennsylvania $21,257 679 Caernarvon Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania $21,250 680 Patterson Heights, Pennsylvania $21,244 681 Wind Gap, Pennsylvania $21,239 682 Rockledge, Pennsylvania $21,232 683 Butler Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania $21,218 684 Washingtonville, Pennsylvania $21,206 685 Newton Township, Pennsylvania $21,199 686 Burnside Township, Centre County, Pennsylvania $21,195 687 Boyertown, Pennsylvania $21,194 688 Jackson Township, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania $21,181 689 Mount Joy Township, Adams County, Pennsylvania $21,181 690 Moosic, Pennsylvania $21,178 691 Summit Hill, Pennsylvania $21,166 692 Center Township, Beaver County, Pennsylvania $21,143 693 Reamstown, Pennsylvania $21,143 694 West Hempfield Township, Pennsylvania $21,141 695 Northwest Harborcreek, Pennsylvania $21,135 696 Hatfield, Pennsylvania $21,133 697 Hemlock Township, Pennsylvania $21,125 698 Green Lane, Pennsylvania $21,123 699 Hamilton Township, Franklin County, Pennsylvania $21,122 700 Carnegie, Pennsylvania $21,119 701 Unity Township, Pennsylvania $21,116 702 Upper Mount Bethel Township, Pennsylvania $21,116 703 Sadsbury Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania $21,114 704 Fairless Hills, Pennsylvania $21,111 705 Cleona, Pennsylvania $21,090 706 Delmont, Pennsylvania $21,090 707 Silver Lake Township, Pennsylvania $21,090 708 Lower Mount Bethel Township, Pennsylvania $21,088 709 Valley Green, Pennsylvania $21,087 710 Wayne Heights, Pennsylvania $21,086 711 New Castle Northwest, Pennsylvania $21,085 712 Jackson Township, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania $21,065 713 Heidelberg Township, Lebanon County, Pennsylvania $21,064 714 Rush Township, Northumberland County, Pennsylvania $21,055 715 West View, Pennsylvania $21,025 716 Butler Township, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania $21,020 717 Franklin Township, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania $21,014 718 Aaronsburg, Pennsylvania $21,011 719 Milford, Pennsylvania $21,011 720 Geistown, Pennsylvania $21,002 721 North Hopewell Township, York County, Pennsylvania $20,993 722 Stockertown, Pennsylvania $20,984 723 Zion, Pennsylvania $20,976 724 Herrick Township, Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania $20,974 725 West Wyomissing, Pennsylvania $20,969 726 Long Branch, Pennsylvania $20,936 727 Paint Township, Clarion County, Pennsylvania $20,936 728 Spring City, Pennsylvania $20,931 729 Centerport, Pennsylvania $20,927 730 Blooming Grove Township, Pennsylvania $20,920 731 Baldwin Township, Pennsylvania $20,918 732 Allegheny Township, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania $20,910 733 Elizabeth Township, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania $20,904 734 Upper Leacock Township, Pennsylvania $20,902 735 Woodlyn, Pennsylvania $20,899 736 Elysburg, Pennsylvania $20,897 737 Birdsboro, Pennsylvania $20,890 738 New Britain, Pennsylvania $20,877 739 Athens, Pennsylvania $20,874 740 Westfall Township, Pennsylvania $20,866 741 Plum, Pennsylvania $20,863 742 Liberty Township, Mercer County, Pennsylvania $20,861 743 Mount Cobb, Pennsylvania $20,855 744 Adamstown, Pennsylvania $20,840 745 Shohola Township, Pennsylvania $20,840 746 Sanatoga, Pennsylvania $20,816 747 Marion Township, Beaver County, Pennsylvania $20,808 748 Hopewell Township, Beaver County, Pennsylvania $20,802 749 Buffalo Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania $20,798 750 North Huntingdon Township, Pennsylvania $20,786 751 Trumbauersville, Pennsylvania $20,778 752 White Oak, Pennsylvania $20,775 753 Madison, Pennsylvania $20,773 754 Upper Darby Township, Pennsylvania $20,770 755 West Caln Township, Pennsylvania $20,752 756 Thornhurst Township, Pennsylvania $20,751 757 Toughkenamon, Pennsylvania $20,745 758 Mount Pleasant Township, Columbia County, Pennsylvania $20,731 759 Pleasant Township, Pennsylvania $20,731 760 Tobyhanna Township, Pennsylvania $20,726 761 Centre Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania $20,718 762 Tunkhannock, Pennsylvania $20,707 763 Homeacre-Lyndora, Pennsylvania $20,705 764 Gastonville, Pennsylvania $20,696 765 Hamburg, Pennsylvania $20,689 766 Russellton, Pennsylvania $20,682 767 Washington Township, Franklin County, Pennsylvania $20,673 768 Newberry Township, York County, Pennsylvania $20,660 769 North Franklin Township, Pennsylvania $20,654 770 Valley Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania $20,648 771 Plainfield Township, Pennsylvania $20,639 772 South Pymatuning Township, Pennsylvania $20,637 773 Hollidaysburg, Pennsylvania $20,634 774 Red Hill, Pennsylvania $20,633 775 Muncy Township, Pennsylvania $20,621 776 Sadsbury Township, Crawford County, Pennsylvania $20,615 777 Warren South, Pennsylvania $20,614 778 Alburtis, Pennsylvania $20,611 779 Lititz, Pennsylvania $20,601 780 Forestville, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania $20,599 781 North Annville Township, Pennsylvania $20,593 782 Elk Township, Warren County, Pennsylvania $20,592 783 Mountainhome, Pennsylvania $20,580 784 Kingston, Pennsylvania $20,568 785 Plunketts Creek Township, Pennsylvania $20,563 786 Quakertown, Pennsylvania $20,562 787 East Manchester Township, York County, Pennsylvania $20,559 788 Forty Fort, Pennsylvania $20,558 789 East Norwegian Township, Pennsylvania $20,555 790 Washington Township, York County, Pennsylvania $20,550 791 Ligonier, Pennsylvania $20,546 792 Jerseytown, Pennsylvania $20,538 793 Clifton Heights, Pennsylvania $20,534 794 Laureldale, Pennsylvania $20,522 795 Dormont, Pennsylvania $20,520 796 Castle Shannon, Pennsylvania $20,518 797 Hanover, Pennsylvania $20,516 798 Dover Township, York County, Pennsylvania $20,513 799 Norwood, Pennsylvania $20,513 800 Palmyra, Pennsylvania $20,500 801 Upper Bern Township, Pennsylvania $20,499 802 East Donegal Township, Pennsylvania $20,488 803 Lyons, Pennsylvania $20,459 804 Susquehanna Township, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania $20,456 805 Rostraver Township, Pennsylvania $20,455 806 Washington Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania $20,454 807 Pine Creek Township, Clinton County, Pennsylvania $20,451 808 Potter Township, Beaver County, Pennsylvania $20,451 809 Ralpho Township, Pennsylvania $20,449 810 Speers, Pennsylvania $20,446 811 Swatara Township, Lebanon County, Pennsylvania $20,440 812 McGovern, Pennsylvania $20,437 813 Penn Lake Park, Pennsylvania $20,437 814 Seltzer, Pennsylvania $20,422 815 Sandy Township, Pennsylvania $20,420 816 Rapho Township, Pennsylvania $20,412 817 Rupert, Pennsylvania $20,412 818 Ryan Township, Pennsylvania $20,403 819 North Bethlehem Township, Pennsylvania $20,399 820 Bradford Township, McKean County, Pennsylvania $20,397 821 Carroll Township, Washington County, Pennsylvania $20,380 822 West Pittston, Pennsylvania $20,370 823 West Deer Township, Pennsylvania $20,358 824 West Lawn, Pennsylvania $20,357 825 Ringtown, Pennsylvania $20,345 826 Perry Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania $20,343 827 Baidland, Pennsylvania $20,338 828 Lehman Township, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania $20,312 829 West Cocalico Township, Pennsylvania $20,306 830 Shrewsbury, Pennsylvania $20,292 831 Corydon Township, Pennsylvania $20,283 832 Fawn Township, York County, Pennsylvania $20,271 833 Hanover Township, Lehigh County, Pennsylvania $20,265 834 Lenape Heights, Pennsylvania $20,261 835 Guilford Township, Pennsylvania $20,258 836 Greene Township, Pike County, Pennsylvania $20,253 837 Dunnstown, Pennsylvania $20,251 838 Point Township, Pennsylvania $20,251 839 Hughestown, Pennsylvania $20,246 840 East Butler, Pennsylvania $20,242 841 Scott Township, Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania $20,242 842 Middle Smithfield Township, Pennsylvania $20,235 843 Richmond Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania $20,235 844 Latimore Township, Pennsylvania $20,230 845 Swatara Township, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania $20,224 846 West Leechburg, Pennsylvania $20,192 847 New Holland, Pennsylvania $20,187 848 Glenolden, Pennsylvania $20,173 849 Export, Pennsylvania $20,170 850 Hempfield Township, Mercer County, Pennsylvania $20,169 851 Penn Hills Township, Pennsylvania $20,161 852 McSherrystown, Pennsylvania $20,158 853 Conoy Township, Pennsylvania $20,157 854 Martic Township, Pennsylvania $20,151 855 Leesport, Pennsylvania $20,148 856 Somerset Township, Washington County, Pennsylvania $20,146 857 Pine Grove Township, Warren County, Pennsylvania $20,144 858 Lower Burrell, Pennsylvania $20,143 859 Hopewell Township, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania $20,124 860 Spring Grove, Pennsylvania $20,124 861 Hellertown, Pennsylvania $20,119 862 Palmyra Township, Pike County, Pennsylvania $20,110 863 Fawn Grove, Pennsylvania $20,105 864 Hebron Township, Pennsylvania $20,101 865 Polk Township, Monroe County, Pennsylvania $20,090 866 Hasson Heights, Pennsylvania $20,088 867 Grugan Township, Pennsylvania $20,086 868 Cross Roads, Pennsylvania $20,063 869 Franklin Township, Beaver County, Pennsylvania $20,062 870 East Bangor, Pennsylvania $20,056 871 Londonderry Township, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania $20,055 872 Wilkes-Barre Township, Pennsylvania $20,055 873 Upper Yoder Township, Pennsylvania $20,053 874 Levittown, Pennsylvania $20,047 875 Washington Township, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania $20,046 876 Hepburn Township, Pennsylvania $20,044 877 Houserville, Pennsylvania $20,035 878 Harborcreek Township, Erie County, Pennsylvania $20,025 879 Brentwood, Pennsylvania $20,024 880 Chestnuthill Township, Pennsylvania $20,017 881 North Centre Township, Pennsylvania $20,010 882 Kratzerville, Pennsylvania $20,008 883 Ross Township, Monroe County, Pennsylvania $20,002 884 Liberty Township, Montour County, Pennsylvania $19,986 885 Akron, Pennsylvania $19,983 886 Washington Township, Lehigh County, Pennsylvania $19,980 887 Sellersville, Pennsylvania $19,970 888 West Grove, Pennsylvania $19,967 889 Woodbury, Pennsylvania $19,965 890 Codorus Township, York County, Pennsylvania $19,955 891 Newburg, Cumberland County, Pennsylvania $19,950 892 Winterstown, Pennsylvania $19,934 893 Lehman Township, Pike County, Pennsylvania $19,933 894 West Abington Township, Pennsylvania $19,931 895 Shamokin Dam, Pennsylvania $19,923 896 Baldwin, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania $19,918 897 North Codorus Township, York County, Pennsylvania $19,912 898 Whitaker, Pennsylvania $19,910 899 South Union Township, Pennsylvania $19,905 900 South Lebanon Township, Pennsylvania $19,903 901 Union Township, Lebanon County, Pennsylvania $19,896 902 Lake Wynonah, Pennsylvania $19,886 903 St. Marys, Pennsylvania $19,885 904 Stillwater, Pennsylvania $19,879 905 Clinton Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania $19,874 906 Forward Township, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania $19,860 907 Blawnox, Pennsylvania $19,858 908 West Fallowfield Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania $19,853 909 Dunmore, Pennsylvania $19,851 910 West Sadsbury Township, Pennsylvania $19,839 911 Georgetown, Beaver County, Pennsylvania $19,838 912 Penn Township, York County, Pennsylvania $19,833 913 Hometown, Pennsylvania $19,831 914 East Berlin, Pennsylvania $19,818 915 Callimont, Pennsylvania $19,813 916 Fairfield Township, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania $19,807 917 Washington Township, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania $19,804 918 Dillsburg, Pennsylvania $19,801 919 Prospect Park, Pennsylvania $19,801 920 Springdale, Pennsylvania $19,798 921 Walker Township, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania $19,785 922 Summit Township, Erie County, Pennsylvania $19,782 923 Hokendauqua, Pennsylvania $19,771 924 Ridgway Township, Pennsylvania $19,763 925 Mount Wolf, Pennsylvania $19,760 926 Croydon, Pennsylvania $19,751 927 Halifax Township, Pennsylvania $19,749 928 Emigsville, Pennsylvania $19,740 929 East Brunswick Township, Pennsylvania $19,737 930 Strausstown, Pennsylvania $19,733 931 Turbot Township, Pennsylvania $19,732 932 Oneida Township, Pennsylvania $19,729 933 Butler Township, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania $19,723 934 Hanover Township, Washington County, Pennsylvania $19,722 935 Franklin Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania $19,712 936 Plains Township, Pennsylvania $19,712 937 East Nottingham Township, Pennsylvania $19,710 938 Denver, Pennsylvania $19,706 939 Wysox Township, Pennsylvania $19,706 940 Bridgewater, Pennsylvania $19,695 941 Ross Township, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania $19,694 942 Jenkins Township, Pennsylvania $19,693 943 North Manheim Township, Pennsylvania $19,683 944 Schwenksville, Pennsylvania $19,679 945 Montrose, Pennsylvania $19,662 946 Young Township, Jefferson County, Pennsylvania $19,661 947 Ephrata, Pennsylvania $19,659 948 Hamilton Township, Adams County, Pennsylvania $19,659 949 Montoursville, Pennsylvania $19,648 950 Spring Township, Perry County, Pennsylvania $19,644 951 Cecil-Bishop, Pennsylvania $19,639 952 South Manheim Township, Pennsylvania $19,638 953 Ebensburg, Pennsylvania $19,634 954 Neville Township, Pennsylvania $19,630 955 Towamensing Township, Pennsylvania $19,629 956 Bechtelsville, Pennsylvania $19,627 957 Homer Township, Pennsylvania $19,625 958 Spring Brook Township, Pennsylvania $19,622 959 Meadowood, Pennsylvania $19,616 960 Jefferson Township, Washington County, Pennsylvania $19,609 961 Trafford, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania $19,608 962 Marysville, Pennsylvania $19,604 963 Ephrata Township, Pennsylvania $19,588 964 Richland Township, Bucks County, Pennsylvania $19,582 965 Woodcock, Pennsylvania $19,577 966 Union Township, Washington County, Pennsylvania $19,560 967 East Lansdowne, Pennsylvania $19,558 968 Pine Grove, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania $19,547 969 Jennerstown, Pennsylvania $19,540 970 Fayetteville, Pennsylvania $19,537 971 East Berwick, Pennsylvania $19,531 972 Rheems, Pennsylvania $19,530 973 Straban Township, Pennsylvania $19,530 974 Dorrance Township, Pennsylvania $19,519 975 Northampton, Pennsylvania $19,516 976 Millheim, Pennsylvania $19,511 977 Union Township, Adams County, Pennsylvania $19,506 978 Connoquenessing Township, Pennsylvania $19,502 979 Bridgeville, Pennsylvania $19,500 980 Cambridge Township, Pennsylvania $19,500 981 Mount Pleasant Township, Wayne County, Pennsylvania $19,494 982 Liberty, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania $19,491 983 Dunlevy, Pennsylvania $19,487 984 Trafford, Pennsylvania $19,487 985 Crescent Township, Pennsylvania $19,472 986 Emsworth, Pennsylvania $19,471 987 Stockdale, Pennsylvania $19,470 988 Cascade Township, Pennsylvania $19,465 989 Jackson Township, York County, Pennsylvania $19,464 990 Penn Township, Perry County, Pennsylvania $19,457 991 Monroe Township, Clarion County, Pennsylvania $19,455 992 Parkside, Pennsylvania $19,448 993 Weissport East, Pennsylvania $19,432 994 Bear Creek Township, Pennsylvania $19,427 995 Eldred Township, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania $19,426 996 North Catasauqua, Pennsylvania $19,424 997 Highland Park, Pennsylvania $19,422 998 Bridgeport, Pennsylvania $19,420 999 Wilburton Number Two, Pennsylvania $19,414 1000 Watson Township, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania $19,406 1001 Portage Township, Potter County, Pennsylvania $19,404 1002 Paradise Township, York County, Pennsylvania $19,389 1003 Sand Hill, Pennsylvania $19,386 1004 Dunnstable Township, Pennsylvania $19,382 1005 West Pennsboro Township, Pennsylvania $19,382 1006 Marion Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania $19,373 1007 Richland, Pennsylvania $19,365 1008 Raccoon Township, Pennsylvania $19,363 1009 Palmyra Township, Wayne County, Pennsylvania $19,359 1010 New Stanton, Pennsylvania $19,358 1011 Main Township, Pennsylvania $19,357 1012 Archbald, Pennsylvania $19,352 1013 Hamiltonban Township, Pennsylvania $19,344 1014 Wayne Township, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania $19,335 1015 Slocum Township, Pennsylvania $19,326 1016 Felton, Pennsylvania $19,322 1017 Richlandtown, Pennsylvania $19,322 1018 Carroll Township, Perry County, Pennsylvania $19,312 1019 Carbondale Township, Pennsylvania $19,301 1020 Warren Township, Franklin County, Pennsylvania $19,296 1021 Franklin Township, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania $19,295 1022 Thompson Township, Fulton County, Pennsylvania $19,279 1023 Wayne Township, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania $19,279 1024 Chambersburg, Pennsylvania $19,278 1025 McHenry Township, Pennsylvania $19,269 1026 Marietta, Pennsylvania $19,265 1027 Windsor Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania $19,259 1028 Bellevue, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania $19,246 1029 Price Township, Pennsylvania $19,244 1030 West Mead Township, Pennsylvania $19,241 1031 Old Lycoming Township, Pennsylvania $19,236 1032 Bentleyville, Pennsylvania $19,235 1033 Mount Holly Springs, Pennsylvania $19,229 1034 Old Forge, Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania $19,228 1035 Dauphin, Pennsylvania $19,227 1036 Hummels Wharf, Pennsylvania $19,218 1037 Millersburg, Pennsylvania $19,217 1038 Swissvale, Pennsylvania $19,216 1039 Ransom Township, Pennsylvania $19,207 1040 Honey Brook, Pennsylvania $19,205 1041 Tinicum Township, Delaware County, Pennsylvania $19,203 1042 Lower Yoder Township, Pennsylvania $19,196 1043 Madison Township, Columbia County, Pennsylvania $19,196 1044 Leetsdale, Pennsylvania $19,172 1045 Franklin Township, Carbon County, Pennsylvania $19,166 1046 Goldsboro, Pennsylvania $19,164 1047 Belfast, Pennsylvania $19,155 1048 Sandy Lake Township, Pennsylvania $19,140 1049 Covington Township, Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania $19,132 1050 Lawrence Park, Pennsylvania $19,131 1051 Walker Township, Centre County, Pennsylvania $19,130 1052 Terre Hill, Pennsylvania $19,128 1053 Marlin, Pennsylvania $19,122 1054 Lackawaxen Township, Pennsylvania $19,119 1055 Dover, Pennsylvania $19,108 1056 Espy, Pennsylvania $19,108 1057 Pringle, Pennsylvania $19,108 1058 Preston Township, Pennsylvania $19,106 1059 Cashtown-McKnightstown, Pennsylvania $19,105 1060 Quarryville, Pennsylvania $19,105 1061 Mifflinville, Pennsylvania $19,091 1062 Bristol Township, Pennsylvania $19,090 1063 Vanport Township, Pennsylvania $19,088 1064 Parkesburg, Pennsylvania $19,080 1065 Elizabeth Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania $19,078 1066 Pottstown, Pennsylvania $19,078 1067 Glen Rock, Pennsylvania $19,076 1068 West Chester, Pennsylvania $19,073 1069 Lightstreet, Pennsylvania $19,071 1070 Jefferson, York County, Pennsylvania $19,070 1071 Mount Pocono, Pennsylvania $19,068 1072 Shenango Township, Lawrence County, Pennsylvania $19,068 1073 East Greenville, Pennsylvania $19,066 1074 Middlecreek Township, Somerset County, Pennsylvania $19,066 1075 East Fairfield Township, Pennsylvania $19,063 1076 Centre Township, Perry County, Pennsylvania $19,057 1077 Brickerville, Pennsylvania $19,052 1078 Weigelstown, Pennsylvania $19,048 1079 Honey Brook Township, Pennsylvania $19,046 1080 Brackenridge, Pennsylvania $19,040 1081 Friedensburg, Pennsylvania $19,039 1082 Bernville, Pennsylvania $19,038 1083 Overfield Township, Wyoming County, Pennsylvania $19,034 1084 Lawson Heights, Pennsylvania $19,027 1085 Jefferson Township, Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania $19,021 1086 Wayne Township, Lawrence County, Pennsylvania $19,011 1087 Clay Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania $19,009 1088 Rockefeller Township, Pennsylvania $19,004 1089 Bethlehem, Pennsylvania $18,987 1090 Watts Township, Pennsylvania $18,981 1091 Pennsburg, Pennsylvania $18,977 1092 South Franklin Township, Pennsylvania $18,975 1093 Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania $18,965 1094 Cochranton, Pennsylvania $18,960 1095 Millville, Pennsylvania $18,958 1096 Sturgeon-Noblestown, Pennsylvania $18,948 1097 Matamoras, Pennsylvania $18,946 1098 Frazer Township, Pennsylvania $18,937 1099 Salem Township, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania $18,937 1100 Athens Township, Bradford County, Pennsylvania $18,936 1101 Tyrone Township, Blair County, Pennsylvania $18,936 1102 Mercersburg, Pennsylvania $18,934 1103 Evans City, Pennsylvania $18,931 1104 Cussewago Township, Pennsylvania $18,918 1105 Chevy Chase Heights, Pennsylvania $18,915 1106 South Beaver Township, Pennsylvania $18,913 1107 Catasauqua, Pennsylvania $18,906 1108 Spring Township, Centre County, Pennsylvania $18,896 1109 Pleasant Valley Township, Pennsylvania $18,894 1110 Lower Frankford Township, Pennsylvania $18,891 1111 Fountain Springs, Pennsylvania $18,890 1112 Limestone Township, Clarion County, Pennsylvania $18,887 1113 Franklintown, Pennsylvania $18,882 1114 North Beaver Township, Pennsylvania $18,869 1115 Gamble Township, Pennsylvania $18,867 1116 Juniata Township, Perry County, Pennsylvania $18,859 1117 Penn Township, Snyder County, Pennsylvania $18,851 1118 Jefferson Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania $18,830 1119 Waller, Pennsylvania $18,827 1120 Conewango Township, Pennsylvania $18,823 1121 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania $18,816 1122 Parkville, Pennsylvania $18,815 1123 Cooper Township, Montour County, Pennsylvania $18,813 1124 Scott Township, Lawrence County, Pennsylvania $18,806 1125 Elderton, Pennsylvania $18,805 1126 Kutztown, Pennsylvania $18,803 1127 New Salem, Pennsylvania $18,802 1128 Mount Pleasant Township, Washington County, Pennsylvania $18,800 1129 Luzerne Township, Pennsylvania $18,797 1130 Hamilton Township, McKean County, Pennsylvania $18,796 1131 Peters Township, Franklin County, Pennsylvania $18,791 1132 Manor Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania $18,789 1133 Highspire, Pennsylvania $18,781 1134 Sweden Township, Pennsylvania $18,780 1135 White Haven, Pennsylvania $18,768 1136 Greenwood Township, Perry County, Pennsylvania $18,765 1137 Buffalo Township, Union County, Pennsylvania $18,764 1138 Christiana, Pennsylvania $18,764 1139 Concord Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania $18,762 1140 Laporte, Pennsylvania $18,762 1131 Oneida, Pennsylvania $18,756 1142 Vandling, Pennsylvania $18,748 1143 North Sewickley Township, Pennsylvania $18,731 1144 Seneca, Pennsylvania $18,726 1145 Bath, Pennsylvania $18,724 1146 Irwin, Pennsylvania $18,722 1147 Kidder Township, Pennsylvania $18,719 1148 Penn Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania $18,719 1149 Heidelberg, Pennsylvania $18,713 1150 Avonmore, Pennsylvania $18,712 1151 Wrightsville, Pennsylvania $18,711 1152 West Lebanon Township, Pennsylvania $18,709 1153 Little Meadows, Pennsylvania $18,703 1154 Manchester, Pennsylvania $18,700 1155 Paradise, Pennsylvania $18,700 1156 Conway, Pennsylvania $18,699 1157 Montgomery Township, Franklin County, Pennsylvania $18,699 1158 Norwegian Township, Pennsylvania $18,699 1159 Upper Tulpehocken Township, Pennsylvania $18,699 1160 Greene Township, Erie County, Pennsylvania $18,694 1161 Salix-Beauty Line Park, Pennsylvania $18,684 1162 Bedford Township, Pennsylvania $18,676 1163 Branch Township, Pennsylvania $18,670 1164 Montour Township, Pennsylvania $18,670 1165 Ingram, Pennsylvania $18,668 1166 Harmony Township, Beaver County, Pennsylvania $18,663 1167 Reinerton-Orwin-Muir, Pennsylvania $18,663 1168 Delaware Township, Pike County, Pennsylvania $18,661 1169 Pittston Township, Pennsylvania $18,660 1170 Bellefonte, Pennsylvania $18,659 1171 South Williamsport, Pennsylvania $18,658 1172 North Lebanon Township, Pennsylvania $18,654 1173 Venango Township, Erie County, Pennsylvania $18,653 1174 Shrewsbury Township, Sullivan County, Pennsylvania $18,640 1175 Wheatfield Township, Pennsylvania $18,639 1176 Gallagher Township, Pennsylvania $18,638 1177 Jackson Township, Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania $18,633 1178 Summit Township, Potter County, Pennsylvania $18,628 1179 Cummings Township, Pennsylvania $18,626 1180 Wilson, Pennsylvania $18,625 1181 Crabtree, Pennsylvania $18,613 1182 Walker Township, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania $18,608 1183 Lower Windsor Township, York County, Pennsylvania $18,602 1184 Avalon, Pennsylvania $18,594 1185 Dublin Township, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania $18,592 1186 Newell, Pennsylvania $18,592 1187 Antrim Township, Pennsylvania $18,590 1188 Frackville, Pennsylvania $18,587 1189 Coplay, Pennsylvania $18,580 1190 Brecknock Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania $18,578 1191 Heckscherville, Pennsylvania $18,577 1192 West Penn Township, Pennsylvania $18,577 1193 Elk Township, Tioga County, Pennsylvania $18,576 1194 Wolf Township, Pennsylvania $18,571 1195 Elkland Township, Pennsylvania $18,568 1196 Fawn Township, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania $18,566 1197 Fallowfield Township, Pennsylvania $18,565 1198 West Providence Township, Pennsylvania $18,564 1199 Little Britain Township, Pennsylvania $18,563 1200 Strasburg Township, Pennsylvania $18,556 1201 Howard, Pennsylvania $18,549 1202 Sayre, Pennsylvania $18,549 1203 Cook Township, Pennsylvania $18,547 1204 Braddock Hills, Pennsylvania $18,545 1205 Middletown, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania $18,535 1206 Rothsville, Pennsylvania $18,535 1207 Cornplanter Township, Pennsylvania $18,532 1208 Rochester Township, Pennsylvania $18,528 1209 Greenfield Township, Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania $18,517 1210 Stowe, Pennsylvania $18,515 1211 Franklin Township, Adams County, Pennsylvania $18,510 1212 Fountain Hill, Pennsylvania $18,508 1213 Sharon Hill, Pennsylvania $18,503 1214 Friendsville, Pennsylvania $18,502 1215 Kelly Township, Pennsylvania $18,499 1216 Gibson Township, Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania $18,493 1217 Union Township, Erie County, Pennsylvania $18,488 1218 Vinco, Pennsylvania $18,488 1219 Conneaut Lake, Pennsylvania $18,486 1220 White Deer Township, Pennsylvania $18,486 1221 Jones Township, Pennsylvania $18,479 1222 Hillsgrove Township, Pennsylvania $18,471 1223 Union Township, Centre County, Pennsylvania $18,468 1224 Eaton Township, Wyoming County, Pennsylvania $18,464 1225 Lenox Township, Pennsylvania $18,459 1226 McKean Township, Erie County, Pennsylvania $18,457 1227 Mayberry Township, Pennsylvania $18,451 1228 Damascus Township, Pennsylvania $18,449 1229 Lincoln, Pennsylvania $18,447 1230 Logan Township, Blair County, Pennsylvania $18,439 1231 Brookville, Pennsylvania $18,437 1232 Bell Township, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania $18,434 1233 Conewago Township, Adams County, Pennsylvania $18,434 1234 Worth Township, Mercer County, Pennsylvania $18,434 1235 East Chillisquaque Township, Pennsylvania $18,431 1236 Millcreek Township, Lebanon County, Pennsylvania $18,428 1237 West Hemlock Township, Pennsylvania $18,428 1238 Wyoming, Pennsylvania $18,428 1239 Armstrong Township, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania $18,423 1240 Spring Creek Township, Warren County, Pennsylvania $18,422 1241 Buffalo Township, Washington County, Pennsylvania $18,418 1242 West Pottsgrove Township, Pennsylvania $18,413 1243 Delaware Township, Mercer County, Pennsylvania $18,410 1244 Turbotville, Pennsylvania $18,401 1245 Allegany Township, Pennsylvania $18,391 1246 Finleyville, Pennsylvania $18,387 1247 Elizabethtown, Pennsylvania $18,384 1248 Tunkhannock Township, Wyoming County, Pennsylvania $18,384 1249 Richland Township, Cambria County, Pennsylvania $18,383 1250 Porter Township, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania $18,373 1251 Warriors Mark Township, Pennsylvania $18,362 1252 Mount Carbon, Pennsylvania $18,355 1253 Elim, Pennsylvania $18,345 1254 Upper Burrell Township, Pennsylvania $18,344 1255 Industry, Pennsylvania $18,337 1256 Jackson Township, Mercer County, Pennsylvania $18,326 1257 Union Township, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania $18,323 1258 Wilmington Township, Lawrence County, Pennsylvania $18,323 1259 Letterkenny Township, Pennsylvania $18,315 1260 Greensburg, Pennsylvania $18,312 1261 Somerset, Pennsylvania $18,310 1262 Armagh, Pennsylvania $18,309 1263 Reading Township, Pennsylvania $18,305 1264 Brockway, Pennsylvania $18,303 1265 Oliver Township, Perry County, Pennsylvania $18,295 1266 Amwell Township, Pennsylvania $18,285 1267 Cressona, Pennsylvania $18,285 1268 Fairfield Township, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania $18,284 1269 Newmanstown, Pennsylvania $18,284 1270 Benezette Township, Pennsylvania $18,282 1271 Southwest Greensburg, Pennsylvania $18,281 1272 Penbrook, Pennsylvania $18,274 1273 Warren, Pennsylvania $18,272 1274 Canadohta Lake, Pennsylvania $18,263 1275 Almedia, Pennsylvania $18,262 1276 Liverpool Township, Pennsylvania $18,261 1277 Taylor Township, Blair County, Pennsylvania $18,260 1278 Shamokin Township, Pennsylvania $18,258 1279 Arendtsville, Pennsylvania $18,256 1280 Penn Township, Cumberland County, Pennsylvania $18,254 1271 Pennville, Pennsylvania $18,252 1282 Paupack Township, Pennsylvania $18,251 1283 Dallastown, Pennsylvania $18,249 1284 Monroe, Pennsylvania $18,242 1285 Derry Township, Mifflin County, Pennsylvania $18,234 1286 Northumberland, Pennsylvania $18,229 1287 Pine Township, Crawford County, Pennsylvania $18,216 1288 Coudersport, Pennsylvania $18,209 1289 Latrobe, Pennsylvania $18,208 1290 Cherry Ridge Township, Pennsylvania $18,204 1281 Jonestown, Columbia County, Pennsylvania $18,193 1292 Upper Fairfield Township, Pennsylvania $18,193 1293 Horton Township, Pennsylvania $18,189 1294 Springetts Manor-Yorklyn, Pennsylvania $18,189 1295 Maytown, Pennsylvania $18,181 1296 Monroe Township, Wyoming County, Pennsylvania $18,177 1297 Greensboro, Pennsylvania $18,176 1298 Catharine Township, Pennsylvania $18,175 1299 Darlington Township, Pennsylvania $18,173 1300 Jackson Township, Lebanon County, Pennsylvania $18,166 1301 Pottsville, Pennsylvania $18,165 1302 Snyder Township, Jefferson County, Pennsylvania $18,163 1303 Colerain Township, Bedford County, Pennsylvania $18,149 1304 Spruce Creek Township, Pennsylvania $18,148 1305 New Sewickley Township, Pennsylvania $18,147 1306 Pen Argyl, Pennsylvania $18,145 1307 Biglerville, Pennsylvania $18,142 1308 West Mifflin, Pennsylvania $18,140 1309 Bridgewater Township, Pennsylvania $18,139 1310 Hazle Township, Pennsylvania $18,139 1311 East Mead Township, Pennsylvania $18,138 1312 Exeter Township, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania $18,134 1313 West Hills, Pennsylvania $18,132 1314 Bell Township, Jefferson County, Pennsylvania $18,130 1315 Bethel Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania $18,122 1316 Fishing Creek Township, Pennsylvania $18,121 1317 Manor, Pennsylvania $18,118 1318 Nippenose Township, Pennsylvania $18,118 1319 Limestone Township, Union County, Pennsylvania $18,117 1320 Bethel Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania $18,116 1321 Chartiers Township, Pennsylvania $18,116 1322 Hopewell Township, Cumberland County, Pennsylvania $18,114 1323 Salem Township, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania $18,114 1324 West Kittanning, Pennsylvania $18,112 1325 Slickville, Pennsylvania $18,111 1326 South Buffalo Township, Pennsylvania $18,106 1327 East Union Township, Pennsylvania $18,104 1328 Loganville, Pennsylvania $18,101 1329 Wellsboro, Pennsylvania $18,096 1330 Townville, Pennsylvania $18,095 1321 Walnutport, Pennsylvania $18,095 1332 Woodcock Township, Pennsylvania $18,093 1333 Eldred Township, Monroe County, Pennsylvania $18,079 1334 Hanover Township, Beaver County, Pennsylvania $18,079 1335 Elizabethville, Pennsylvania $18,077 1336 Perry Township, Lawrence County, Pennsylvania $18,066 1337 New Oxford, Pennsylvania $18,065 1338 Gap, Pennsylvania $18,052 1339 Munhall, Pennsylvania $18,052 1340 Knox, Pennsylvania $18,043 1341 McChesneytown-Loyalhanna, Pennsylvania $18,041 1342 Royalton, Pennsylvania $18,029 1343 Bedford, Pennsylvania $18,028 1344 Fredericksburg, Crawford County, Pennsylvania $18,021 1345 Pine Township, Mercer County, Pennsylvania $18,015 1346 Harrison Township, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania $18,011 1347 Ogle Township, Pennsylvania $18,005 1348 Houston, Pennsylvania $18,001 1349 Worth Township, Centre County, Pennsylvania $17,999 1350 Fairview, Butler County, Pennsylvania $17,997 1351 Scottdale, Pennsylvania $17,994 1352 Taylor Township, Centre County, Pennsylvania $17,994 1353 Glasgow, Pennsylvania $17,989 1354 Freemansburg, Pennsylvania $17,983 1355 Blakely, Pennsylvania $17,979 1356 Sharpsville, Pennsylvania $17,979 1357 Norristown, Pennsylvania $17,977 1358 West Nottingham Township, Pennsylvania $17,975 1359 Roaring Spring, Pennsylvania $17,972 1360 Birmingham, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania $17,964 1361 Belmont, Cambria County, Pennsylvania $17,958 1362 Forkston Township, Wyoming County, Pennsylvania $17,956 1363 Sadsbury Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania $17,956 1364 Antis Township, Pennsylvania $17,950 1365 Windham Township, Bradford County, Pennsylvania $17,948 1366 Independence Township, Beaver County, Pennsylvania $17,946 1367 Garden View, Pennsylvania $17,945 1368 Upper Paxton Township, Pennsylvania $17,945 1369 Clara Township, Pennsylvania $17,929 1370 Midway, Adams County, Pennsylvania $17,928 1371 Newville, Pennsylvania $17,922 1372 Nescopeck Township, Pennsylvania $17,918 1373 Clinton Township, Wyoming County, Pennsylvania $17,914 1374 Providence Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania $17,912 1375 South Greensburg, Pennsylvania $17,910 1376 West Township, Pennsylvania $17,910 1377 McDonald, Pennsylvania $17,907 1378 West Easton, Pennsylvania $17,901 1379 New Philadelphia, Pennsylvania $17,899 1380 Franklin Township, Erie County, Pennsylvania $17,898 1381 Penndel, Pennsylvania $17,897 1382 Avoca, Pennsylvania $17,896 1383 Donora, Pennsylvania $17,893 1384 New Alexandria, Pennsylvania $17,893 1385 Rush Township, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania $17,893 1386 Venango Township, Crawford County, Pennsylvania $17,891 1387 Sterling Township, Pennsylvania $17,889 1388 Lehigh Township, Carbon County, Pennsylvania $17,883 1389 Caernarvon Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania $17,881 1390 Bastress Township, Pennsylvania $17,880 1391 Jamison City, Pennsylvania $17,873 1392 Benton Township, Columbia County, Pennsylvania $17,853 1393 Dyberry Township, Pennsylvania $17,847 1394 Mifflin Township, Columbia County, Pennsylvania $17,844 1395 Ohioville, Pennsylvania $17,837 1396 Blanchard, Centre County, Pennsylvania $17,836 1397 North Charleroi, Pennsylvania $17,834 1398 Spring Mills, Pennsylvania $17,832 1399 Perryopolis, Pennsylvania $17,829 1400 Huntington Township, Adams County, Pennsylvania $17,827 1401 Pine Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania $17,824 1402 Lower Chanceford Township, York County, Pennsylvania $17,821 1403 Briar Creek Township, Pennsylvania $17,818 1404 Valley View, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania $17,817 1405 Chicora, Pennsylvania $17,815 1406 Foster Township, McKean County, Pennsylvania $17,809 1407 Tionesta, Pennsylvania $17,799 1408 Bradys Bend Township, Pennsylvania $17,797 1409 New Bethlehem, Pennsylvania $17,796 1410 Exeter Township, Wyoming County, Pennsylvania $17,792 1411 Mead Township, Pennsylvania $17,792 1412 Brady Township, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania $17,789 1413 East Franklin Township, Pennsylvania $17,787 1414 Chalfant, Pennsylvania $17,784 1415 Midway, Washington County, Pennsylvania $17,783 1416 Stowe Township, Pennsylvania $17,783 1417 Muncy, Pennsylvania $17,782 1418 South Newton Township, Pennsylvania $17,782 1419 Rices Landing, Pennsylvania $17,775 1420 Union Township, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania $17,773 1421 Armstrong Township, Indiana County, Pennsylvania $17,772 1422 Cumberland Valley Township, Pennsylvania $17,768 1423 Courtdale, Pennsylvania $17,765 1424 Barree Township, Pennsylvania $17,762 1425 Pleasant Gap, Pennsylvania $17,747 1426 Bangor, Pennsylvania $17,742 1427 Enola, Pennsylvania $17,740 1428 Atglen, Pennsylvania $17,735 1429 Shenango Township, Mercer County, Pennsylvania $17,728 1430 Folcroft, Pennsylvania $17,727 1431 Coolspring Township, Pennsylvania $17,724 1432 Red Lion, Pennsylvania $17,723 1433 Wilmington Township, Mercer County, Pennsylvania $17,719 1434 Youngwood, Pennsylvania $17,715 1435 Conewago Township, York County, Pennsylvania $17,703 1436 Allenport, Washington County, Pennsylvania $17,702 1437 Mars, Pennsylvania $17,701 1438 Liberty, Tioga County, Pennsylvania $17,690 1439 Wellsville, Pennsylvania $17,689 1440 Jessup Township, Pennsylvania $17,688 1441 Lower Mifflin Township, Pennsylvania $17,687 1442 Miller Township, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania $17,680 1443 Moreland Township, Pennsylvania $17,680 1444 Delta, Pennsylvania $17,677 1445 Valley-Hi, Pennsylvania $17,677 1446 Ashley, Pennsylvania $17,676 1447 Reserve Township, Pennsylvania $17,676 1448 Black Creek Township, Pennsylvania $17,675 1449 Washington Township, Northumberland County, Pennsylvania $17,675 1450 Kreamer, Pennsylvania $17,667 1451 Benner Township, Pennsylvania $17,665 1452 Thompsontown, Pennsylvania $17,663 1453 Williams Township, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania $17,656 1454 Cross Creek Township, Pennsylvania $17,654 1455 Richmond Township, Tioga County, Pennsylvania $17,650 1456 Daugherty Township, Pennsylvania $17,646 1457 South Huntingdon Township, Pennsylvania $17,645 1458 Volant, Pennsylvania $17,642 1459 Germany Township, Pennsylvania $17,636 1460 Liverpool, Pennsylvania $17,626 1461 Butler Township, Adams County, Pennsylvania $17,623 1462 Frenchcreek Township, Pennsylvania $17,620 1463 Elizabeth, Pennsylvania $17,618 1464 St. Thomas Township, Pennsylvania $17,615 1465 West Mayfield, Pennsylvania $17,609 1466 West Wyoming, Pennsylvania $17,603 1467 Duryea, Pennsylvania $17,598 1468 Eldred Township, Jefferson County, Pennsylvania $17,596 1469 Coraopolis, Pennsylvania $17,595 1470 Glendon, Pennsylvania $17,593 1471 Columbus Township, Pennsylvania $17,586 1472 Etna, Pennsylvania $17,580 1473 Hegins Township, Pennsylvania $17,571 1474 Northmoreland Township, Wyoming County, Pennsylvania $17,571 1475 Greenfield Township, Erie County, Pennsylvania $17,569 1476 Ford Cliff, Pennsylvania $17,568 1477 Richfield, Pennsylvania $17,555 1478 Turtle Creek, Pennsylvania $17,552 1479 Oklahoma, Pennsylvania $17,547 1480 Mehoopany Township, Wyoming County, Pennsylvania $17,546 1481 East Penn Township, Pennsylvania $17,545 1482 Seven Valleys, Pennsylvania $17,544 1483 Barry Township, Pennsylvania $17,539 1484 Pike Township, Bradford County, Pennsylvania $17,539 1485 Bradford, Pennsylvania $17,537 1486 Gilpin Township, Pennsylvania $17,520 1487 Roscoe, Pennsylvania $17,508 1488 Hamlin Township, Pennsylvania $17,505 1489 Gregg Township, Centre County, Pennsylvania $17,504 1490 Earl Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania $17,503 1491 West York, Pennsylvania $17,503 1492 Springfield Township, Mercer County, Pennsylvania $17,493 1493 Lime Ridge, Pennsylvania $17,489 1494 Decatur Township, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania $17,485 1495 Rose Township, Pennsylvania $17,472 1496 Drumore Township, Pennsylvania $17,470 1497 Canonsburg, Pennsylvania $17,469 1498 Rouzerville, Pennsylvania $17,467 1499 Elmhurst Township, Pennsylvania $17,465 1500 Honesdale, Pennsylvania $17,464 1501 Huntington Township, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania $17,461 1502 Lykens, Pennsylvania $17,459 1503 Southampton Township, Cumberland County, Pennsylvania $17,458 1504 Dushore, Pennsylvania $17,448 1505 Edgewood, Northumberland County, Pennsylvania $17,445 1506 Sugarloaf Township, Columbia County, Pennsylvania $17,444 1507 Grier City-Park Crest, Pennsylvania $17,443 1508 Windham Township, Wyoming County, Pennsylvania $17,443 1509 Clifford Township, Pennsylvania $17,442 1510 Delaware Township, Northumberland County, Pennsylvania $17,442 1511 Greene Township, Mercer County, Pennsylvania $17,442 1512 Towanda, Pennsylvania $17,438 1513 Wilmot Township, Pennsylvania $17,438 1514 Prospect, Pennsylvania $17,435 1515 Elk Creek Township, Erie County, Pennsylvania $17,424 1516 Roseto, Pennsylvania $17,419 1517 Jermyn, Pennsylvania $17,417 1518 Menallen Township, Adams County, Pennsylvania $17,415 1519 Middlebury Township, Pennsylvania $17,390 1520 Springfield Township, Erie County, Pennsylvania $17,389 1521 North Woodbury Township, Pennsylvania $17,386 1522 Ayr Township, Pennsylvania $17,380 1523 Hubley Township, Pennsylvania $17,377 1524 Blossburg, Pennsylvania $17,375 1525 Clearfield, Pennsylvania $17,374 1526 Dickson City, Pennsylvania $17,370 1527 Arona, Pennsylvania $17,365 1528 Petrolia, Pennsylvania $17,358 1529 Portersville, Pennsylvania $17,356 1530 Adamsville, Pennsylvania $17,351 1531 Duboistown, Pennsylvania $17,348 1532 Greenwood Township, Juniata County, Pennsylvania $17,344 1533 Winfield Township, Pennsylvania $17,338 1534 Blooming Valley, Pennsylvania $17,334 1535 Deemston, Pennsylvania $17,331 1536 Mahoning Township, Carbon County, Pennsylvania $17,330 1537 Nicholson Township, Wyoming County, Pennsylvania $17,330 1538 West Homestead, Pennsylvania $17,327 1539 Worth Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania $17,324 1540 Salem Township, Mercer County, Pennsylvania $17,317 1541 Fermanagh Township, Pennsylvania $17,315 1542 Oakland Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania $17,313 1543 Littlestown, Pennsylvania $17,310 1544 Smethport, Pennsylvania $17,297 1545 Beaver Meadows, Pennsylvania $17,296 1546 Richmond Township, Crawford County, Pennsylvania $17,292 1547 Meadville, Pennsylvania $17,290 1548 West Chillisquaque Township, Pennsylvania $17,290 1549 Donegal Township, Washington County, Pennsylvania $17,288 1550 Genesee Township, Pennsylvania $17,285 1551 Plymouth Township, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania $17,285 1552 Lurgan Township, Pennsylvania $17,276 1553 New Buffalo, Pennsylvania $17,276 1554 Portland, Pennsylvania $17,275 1555 Hazleton, Pennsylvania $17,270 1556 Berrysburg, Pennsylvania $17,269 1557 Washington Township, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania $17,269 1558 Wharton Township, Potter County, Pennsylvania $17,268 1559 Dravosburg, Pennsylvania $17,264 1560 Abbottstown, Pennsylvania $17,246 1561 Fairfield, Pennsylvania $17,243 1562 Lorain, Pennsylvania $17,243 1563 East Drumore Township, Pennsylvania $17,229 1564 Big Beaver, Pennsylvania $17,228 1565 Shippen Township, Cameron County, Pennsylvania $17,228 1566 West Keating Township, Pennsylvania $17,224 1567 Carbon Township, Pennsylvania $17,222 1568 Girard Township, Erie County, Pennsylvania $17,222 1569 Pike Township, Potter County, Pennsylvania $17,220 1570 Mont Alto, Pennsylvania $17,216 1571 West Branch Township, Pennsylvania $17,214 1572 Hop Bottom, Pennsylvania $17,208 1573 Washington Township, Greene County, Pennsylvania $17,207 1574 Mercer Township, Pennsylvania $17,205 1575 Tyrone Township, Perry County, Pennsylvania $17,202 1576 Bristol, Pennsylvania $17,198 1577 Clay Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania $17,195 1578 Hopwood, Pennsylvania $17,194 1579 Jessup, Pennsylvania $17,189 1580 Winslow Township, Pennsylvania $17,189 1581 Shrewsbury Township, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania $17,186 1582 Pillow, Pennsylvania $17,182 1583 Darby Township, Pennsylvania $17,179 1584 Myerstown, Pennsylvania $17,177 1585 Forward Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania $17,175 1586 Oxford Township, Pennsylvania $17,175 1587 West Buffalo Township, Pennsylvania $17,173 1588 Adamsburg, Pennsylvania $17,172 1589 Bloomfield, Pennsylvania $17,168 1590 Orangeville, Pennsylvania $17,167 1591 Wyalusing Township, Pennsylvania $17,165 1592 Towanda Township, Pennsylvania $17,164 1593 Mifflinburg, Pennsylvania $17,161 1594 Ellsworth, Pennsylvania $17,159 1595 Monongahela Township, Pennsylvania $17,158 1596 Ridgway, Pennsylvania $17,157 1597 Jefferson Township, Mercer County, Pennsylvania $17,154 1598 Jefferson Township, Greene County, Pennsylvania $17,143 1599 Waterford, Pennsylvania $17,135 1600 West Liberty, Pennsylvania $17,133 1601 Penn Forest Township, Pennsylvania $17,129 1602 Wayne Township, Crawford County, Pennsylvania $17,128 1603 Wetmore Township, Pennsylvania $17,128 1604 East Earl Township, Pennsylvania $17,127 1605 Washington Township, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania $17,124 1606 Jim Thorpe, Pennsylvania $17,119 1607 Baden, Pennsylvania $17,112 1608 Lynnwood-Pricedale, Pennsylvania $17,112 1609 Connoquenessing, Pennsylvania $17,111 1610 Summit Township, Crawford County, Pennsylvania $17,109 1611 East Deer Township, Pennsylvania $17,108 1612 North Union Township, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania $17,108 1613 Mayfield, Pennsylvania $17,106 1614 Greenwood Township, Columbia County, Pennsylvania $17,104 1615 Asylum Township, Pennsylvania $17,102 1616 Koppel, Pennsylvania $17,101 1617 Lower Mahanoy Township, Pennsylvania $17,097 1618 Franklin Township, Columbia County, Pennsylvania $17,096 1619 Coolbaugh Township, Pennsylvania $17,094 1620 Noyes Township, Pennsylvania $17,094 1621 Bethel Township, Lebanon County, Pennsylvania $17,093 1622 Tulpehocken Township, Pennsylvania $17,092 1623 Conneautville, Pennsylvania $17,087 1624 McCalmont Township, Pennsylvania $17,083 1625 DuBois, Pennsylvania $17,079 1626 Troy Township, Bradford County, Pennsylvania $17,076 1627 Laurel Run, Pennsylvania $17,066 1628 Midland, Pennsylvania $17,066 1629 Penn Township, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania $17,063 1630 Waynesboro, Pennsylvania $17,063 1631 Mount Jewett, Pennsylvania $17,056 1632 Hickory Township, Lawrence County, Pennsylvania $17,055 1633 Oakland Township, Venango County, Pennsylvania $17,051 1634 Olyphant, Pennsylvania $17,049 1635 Calumet-Norvelt, Pennsylvania $17,043 1636 Buckhorn, Pennsylvania $17,042 1637 Dupont, Pennsylvania $17,042 1638 Packer Township, Pennsylvania $17,038 1639 Linwood, Pennsylvania $17,037 1640 Beaver Township, Snyder County, Pennsylvania $17,026 1641 Jackson Township, Columbia County, Pennsylvania $17,016 1642 Donegal Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania $17,012 1643 Pine Grove Township, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania $17,011 1644 Peach Bottom Township, York County, Pennsylvania $17,005 1645 Monaca, Pennsylvania $17,001 1646 Lenhartsville, Pennsylvania $16,998 1647 Throop, Pennsylvania $16,998 1648 North Versailles Township, Pennsylvania $16,991 1649 Beale Township, Pennsylvania $16,988 1650 Beech Creek Township, Pennsylvania $16,983 1651 Jordan Township, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania $16,983 1652 Cleveland Township, Pennsylvania $16,982 1653 Southampton Township, Franklin County, Pennsylvania $16,981 1654 Milton, Pennsylvania $16,980 1655 Miller Township, Perry County, Pennsylvania $16,978 1656 Hayfield Township, Pennsylvania $16,973 1657 Sandy, Pennsylvania $16,968 1658 Landingville, Pennsylvania $16,965 1659 Covington Township, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania $16,964 1660 Troy, Pennsylvania $16,963 1661 Bowmanstown, Pennsylvania $16,956 1662 Emlenton, Pennsylvania $16,952 1663 Tuscarora Township, Perry County, Pennsylvania $16,951 1664 Salem Township, Wayne County, Pennsylvania $16,947 1665 Burlington Township, Pennsylvania $16,946 1666 Conyngham Township, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania $16,946 1667 Richland Township, Venango County, Pennsylvania $16,940 1668 North York, Pennsylvania $16,938 1669 Oliver Township, Mifflin County, Pennsylvania $16,938 1670 Pine Township, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania $16,938 1671 Newport Township, Pennsylvania $16,930 1672 Oakwood, Pennsylvania $16,930 1673 Mill Creek Township, Mercer County, Pennsylvania $16,928 1674 Brokenstraw Township, Pennsylvania $16,924 1675 Flemington, Pennsylvania $16,924 1676 Pymatuning Central, Pennsylvania $16,923 1677 Titusville, Pennsylvania $16,915 1678 Mount Pleasant Township, Adams County, Pennsylvania $16,913 1679 Orbisonia, Pennsylvania $16,911 1680 Tioga, Pennsylvania $16,905 1681 Jackson Township, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania $16,903 1682 Monongahela, Pennsylvania $16,903 1683 Sugarcreek Township, Pennsylvania $16,903 1684 Sugar Grove, Pennsylvania $16,896 1685 Center Township, Indiana County, Pennsylvania $16,891 1686 Greene Township, Beaver County, Pennsylvania $16,890 1687 Wilkinsburg, Pennsylvania $16,890 1688 Addison Township, Pennsylvania $16,889 1689 McConnellsburg, Pennsylvania $16,884 1690 Elk Township, Clarion County, Pennsylvania $16,883 1691 Lower Chichester Township, Pennsylvania $16,881 1692 Jefferson Township, Somerset County, Pennsylvania $16,880 1693 Lower Towamensing Township, Pennsylvania $16,878 1694 Lower Augusta Township, Pennsylvania $16,877 1695 Lewis Township, Northumberland County, Pennsylvania $16,876 1696 Litchfield Township, Pennsylvania $16,874 1697 Sugarcreek, Pennsylvania $16,873 1698 North Shenango Township, Pennsylvania $16,872 1699 Cambria Township, Pennsylvania $16,868 1700 Madison Township, Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania $16,864 1701 Smith Township, Pennsylvania $16,864 1702 Connellsville Township, Pennsylvania $16,860 1703 Belfast Township, Pennsylvania $16,853 1704 Nuangola, Pennsylvania $16,851 1705 Freeport, Pennsylvania $16,845 1706 Laporte Township, Pennsylvania $16,845 1707 Pinegrove Township, Pennsylvania $16,843 1708 Apolacon Township, Pennsylvania $16,841 1709 Delaware Township, Juniata County, Pennsylvania $16,840 1710 Jordan Township, Northumberland County, Pennsylvania $16,839 1711 Scrubgrass Township, Pennsylvania $16,839 1712 Gratz, Pennsylvania $16,837 1713 West Salem Township, Pennsylvania $16,834 1714 Foster Township, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania $16,824 1715 Bendersville Station-Aspers, Pennsylvania $16,821 1716 McAlisterville, Pennsylvania $16,821 1717 Nesquehoning, Pennsylvania $16,820 1718 Upper Frankford Township, Pennsylvania $16,819 1719 Newport, Pennsylvania $16,818 1720 Quincy Township, Pennsylvania $16,816 1721 Union Township, Crawford County, Pennsylvania $16,816 1722 Granville Township, Mifflin County, Pennsylvania $16,807 1723 Palo Alto, Pennsylvania $16,806 1724 Schuylkill Haven, Pennsylvania $16,804 1725 Covington Township, Tioga County, Pennsylvania $16,802 1726 Snake Spring Township, Pennsylvania $16,801 1727 Lausanne Township, Pennsylvania $16,797 1728 Robinson Township, Washington County, Pennsylvania $16,797 1729 Yoe, Pennsylvania $16,795 1730 Avondale, Pennsylvania $16,794 1731 Hollenback Township, Pennsylvania $16,794 1732 Beavertown, Snyder County, Pennsylvania $16,792 1733 East Prospect, Pennsylvania $16,787 1734 Pleasant Hill, Pennsylvania $16,787 1735 Wayne Township, Clinton County, Pennsylvania $16,785 1736 Brown Township, Mifflin County, Pennsylvania $16,784 1737 Fairfield Township, Crawford County, Pennsylvania $16,783 1738 Brownsville Township, Pennsylvania $16,777 1739 Loganton, Pennsylvania $16,773 1740 Blairsville, Pennsylvania $16,771 1741 German Township, Pennsylvania $16,769 1742 Black Lick Township, Pennsylvania $16,766 1743 Washington Township, Snyder County, Pennsylvania $16,766 1744 Eden Township, Pennsylvania $16,764 1745 Porter Township, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania $16,764 1746 Shelocta, Pennsylvania $16,763 1747 Braintrim Township, Wyoming County, Pennsylvania $16,758 1748 Pymatuning South, Pennsylvania $16,754 1749 Collingdale, Pennsylvania $16,751 1750 Sheffield, Pennsylvania $16,751 1751 Farmington Township, Warren County, Pennsylvania $16,747 1752 Summerville, Pennsylvania $16,745 1753 Eldred Township, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania $16,743 1754 New Lebanon, Pennsylvania $16,735 1755 Huston Township, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania $16,734 1756 Choconut Township, Pennsylvania $16,726 1757 Todd Township, Fulton County, Pennsylvania $16,726 1758 Bullskin Township, Pennsylvania $16,719 1759 North Newton Township, Pennsylvania $16,719 1760 Union Township, Lawrence County, Pennsylvania $16,717 1761 Smithton, Pennsylvania $16,715 1762 Taylor, Pennsylvania $16,714 1763 Railroad, Pennsylvania $16,709 1764 Driftwood, Pennsylvania $16,708 1765 Hopewell Township, Washington County, Pennsylvania $16,708 1766 Cherry Township, Sullivan County, Pennsylvania $16,706 1767 South Canaan Township, Pennsylvania $16,706 1768 Lemon Township, Wyoming County, Pennsylvania $16,703 1769 East McKeesport, Pennsylvania $16,695 1770 Susquehanna Trails, Pennsylvania $16,695 1771 Danville, Pennsylvania $16,693 1772 Tresckow, Pennsylvania $16,693 1773 Spring Hill, Pennsylvania $16,688 1774 Girard, Pennsylvania $16,682 1775 Oil Creek Township, Pennsylvania $16,682 1776 Milford Township, Juniata County, Pennsylvania $16,677 1777 Clarence, Pennsylvania $16,666 1778 Valley Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania $16,664 1779 Middleburg, Pennsylvania $16,660 1780 Washington Township, Wyoming County, Pennsylvania $16,655 1781 Centerville, Washington County, Pennsylvania $16,648 1782 Lake Township, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania $16,641 1783 Stonycreek Township, Cambria County, Pennsylvania $16,638 1784 Arnold, Pennsylvania $16,631 1785 Paradise Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania $16,631 1786 Monessen, Pennsylvania $16,627 1787 Columbia, Pennsylvania $16,626 1788 Chatham Township, Pennsylvania $16,623 1789 Charleston Township, Pennsylvania $16,621 1790 Pine Township, Columbia County, Pennsylvania $16,621 1791 Mexico, Juniata County, Pennsylvania $16,620 1792 Bald Eagle Township, Pennsylvania $16,616 1793 Canal Township, Pennsylvania $16,612 1794 Steelton, Pennsylvania $16,612 1795 Sugar Grove Township, Mercer County, Pennsylvania $16,602 1796 Port Allegany, Pennsylvania $16,601 1797 South Centre Township, Pennsylvania $16,600 1798 Yorkana, Pennsylvania $16,599 1799 Mill Hall, Pennsylvania $16,593 1800 East Lackawannock Township, Pennsylvania $16,589 1801 Annville, Pennsylvania $16,586 1802 Franklin Township, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania $16,584 1803 Oxford, Pennsylvania $16,579 1804 Limestone Township, Warren County, Pennsylvania $16,577 1805 Hovey Township, Pennsylvania $16,573 1806 Tremont Township, Pennsylvania $16,573 1807 Friedens, Pennsylvania $16,571 1808 Washington Township, Cambria County, Pennsylvania $16,563 1809 Oregon Township, Pennsylvania $16,554 1810 Saltlick Township, Pennsylvania $16,554 1811 Nescopeck, Pennsylvania $16,553 1812 Forest Lake Township, Pennsylvania $16,550 1813 Applewold, Pennsylvania $16,549 1814 Irwin Township, Pennsylvania $16,549 1815 Fayette Township, Pennsylvania $16,548 1816 New Berlin, Pennsylvania $16,547 1817 South Shenango Township, Pennsylvania $16,546 1818 McKeansburg, Pennsylvania $16,541 1819 Pine Glen, Pennsylvania $16,540 1820 Wolf Creek Township, Pennsylvania $16,538 1821 Eddystone, Pennsylvania $16,537 1822 North Buffalo Township, Pennsylvania $16,528 1823 West Hazleton, Pennsylvania $16,525 1824 LeBoeuf Township, Erie County, Pennsylvania $16,522 1825 Locust Township, Pennsylvania $16,522 1826 Mount Pleasant, Pennsylvania $16,517 1827 North East Township, Erie County, Pennsylvania $16,516 1828 Davidsville, Pennsylvania $16,512 1829 Mechanicsville, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania $16,511 1830 Coburn, Pennsylvania $16,510 1831 Somerset Township, Somerset County, Pennsylvania $16,510 1832 Morris Township, Washington County, Pennsylvania $16,509 1833 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania $16,509 1834 Valencia, Pennsylvania $16,501 1835 Hookstown, Pennsylvania $16,499 1836 Snow Shoe, Pennsylvania $16,497 1837 Port Carbon, Pennsylvania $16,496 1838 La Plume Township, Pennsylvania $16,491 1839 Perry Township, Mercer County, Pennsylvania $16,482 1840 Monroe Township, Juniata County, Pennsylvania $16,477 1841 Piney Township, Pennsylvania $16,473 1842 Highland Township, Clarion County, Pennsylvania $16,468 1843 Butler, Pennsylvania $16,457 1844 Tyrone Township, Adams County, Pennsylvania $16,456 1845 Tuscarora, Pennsylvania $16,455 1846 Saville Township, Pennsylvania $16,454 1847 Schuylkill Township, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania $16,452 1848 Swoyersville, Pennsylvania $16,449 1849 Union Township, Fulton County, Pennsylvania $16,448 1850 Halifax, Pennsylvania $16,443 1851 Clarion Township, Pennsylvania $16,442 1852 Warren Township, Bradford County, Pennsylvania $16,442 1853 South Heights, Pennsylvania $16,440 1854 Liberty Township, McKean County, Pennsylvania $16,434 1855 Great Bend Township, Pennsylvania $16,431 1856 Kimmel Township, Pennsylvania $16,429 1857 Limestone Township, Montour County, Pennsylvania $16,426 1858 Derry Township, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania $16,425 1859 Sheffield Township, Pennsylvania $16,423 1860 Franklin, Venango County, Pennsylvania $16,414 1861 South Versailles Township, Pennsylvania $16,414 1862 Deer Creek Township, Pennsylvania $16,413 1863 Ulster Township, Pennsylvania $16,411 1864 Falls Creek, Pennsylvania $16,410 1865 Manorville, Pennsylvania $16,407 1866 West Newton, Pennsylvania $16,406 1867 McKean, Pennsylvania $16,403 1868 Lincoln Township, Somerset County, Pennsylvania $16,400 1869 Wayne Township, Erie County, Pennsylvania $16,398 1870 Franklin Township, Snyder County, Pennsylvania $16,397 1871 East Taylor Township, Pennsylvania $16,393 1872 Falls Township, Wyoming County, Pennsylvania $16,392 1873 Slabtown, Pennsylvania $16,384 1874 Morrisville, Greene County, Pennsylvania $16,380 1875 Snow Shoe Township, Pennsylvania $16,374 1876 Bressler-Enhaut-Oberlin, Pennsylvania $16,373 1877 Avis, Pennsylvania $16,371 1878 Clinton Township, Venango County, Pennsylvania $16,370 1879 Grove City, Pennsylvania $16,365 1880 North Branch Township, Wyoming County, Pennsylvania $16,365 1881 Cranberry Township, Venango County, Pennsylvania $16,361 1882 Crawford Township, Pennsylvania $16,360 1883 Independence Township, Washington County, Pennsylvania $16,355 1884 White Township, Beaver County, Pennsylvania $16,354 1885 Terry Township, Pennsylvania $16,352 1886 Blythe Township, Pennsylvania $16,348 1887 Penn Township, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania $16,346 1888 Duncansville, Pennsylvania $16,344 1889 Smithfield Township, Bradford County, Pennsylvania $16,335 1890 Fairmount Township, Pennsylvania $16,334 1891 Washington Township, Jefferson County, Pennsylvania $16,333 1892 West Middlesex, Pennsylvania $16,332 1893 Henderson Township, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania $16,326 1894 Bloomfield Township, Bedford County, Pennsylvania $16,325 1895 Gilmore Township, Pennsylvania $16,325 1896 Fredericksburg, Lebanon County, Pennsylvania $16,321 1897 Lawrence Township, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania $16,321 1898 Columbia Township, Pennsylvania $16,320 1899 Cooperstown, Pennsylvania $16,314 1900 Union Township, Tioga County, Pennsylvania $16,309 1901 Schellsburg, Pennsylvania $16,303 1902 Ravine, Pennsylvania $16,297 1903 Fairview Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania $16,295 1904 Homer City, Pennsylvania $16,293 1905 Kiskiminetas Township, Pennsylvania $16,291 1906 Vandergrift, Pennsylvania $16,285 1907 West Shenango Township, Pennsylvania $16,284 1908 Allentown, Pennsylvania $16,282 1909 Cass Township, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania $16,282 1910 Pymatuning North, Pennsylvania $16,282 1911 Youngsville, Pennsylvania $16,278 1912 Lake Township, Wayne County, Pennsylvania $16,274 1913 Hughesville, Pennsylvania $16,271 1914 Washington Township, Lawrence County, Pennsylvania $16,270 1915 Huston Township, Centre County, Pennsylvania $16,268 1916 Salisbury Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania $16,268 1917 South Bethlehem, Pennsylvania $16,266 1918 Freedom, Pennsylvania $16,261 1919 Wharton Township, Fayette County, Pennsylvania $16,261 1920 Fell Township, Pennsylvania $16,260 1921 Summit Station, Pennsylvania $16,258 1922 Milesburg, Pennsylvania $16,255 1923 Foxburg, Pennsylvania $16,251 1924 Carrolltown, Pennsylvania $16,250 1925 Hopewell Township, Bedford County, Pennsylvania $16,245 1926 Leechburg, Pennsylvania $16,242 1927 Perry Township, Fayette County, Pennsylvania $16,241 1928 Coalport, Pennsylvania $16,232 1929 Madisonburg, Pennsylvania $16,231 1930 Waterford Township, Erie County, Pennsylvania $16,229 1931 Palmerton, Pennsylvania $16,225 1932 Blain, Pennsylvania $16,223 1933 Delmar Township, Pennsylvania $16,219 1934 Adams Township, Snyder County, Pennsylvania $16,217 1935 Luzerne, Pennsylvania $16,217 1936 Shippenville, Pennsylvania $16,216 1937 Port Royal, Pennsylvania $16,212 1938 East St. Clair Township, Pennsylvania $16,211 1939 Iola, Pennsylvania $16,211 1940 Allegheny Township, Blair County, Pennsylvania $16,204 1931 Otter Creek Township, Pennsylvania $16,203 1932 South Woodbury Township, Pennsylvania $16,197 1943 Larksville, Pennsylvania $16,196 1944 Weatherly, Pennsylvania $16,192 1945 Beaver Township, Clarion County, Pennsylvania $16,189 1946 Slatington, Pennsylvania $16,189 1947 Banks Township, Carbon County, Pennsylvania $16,186 1948 Menallen Township, Fayette County, Pennsylvania $16,186 1949 Knox Township, Clarion County, Pennsylvania $16,185 1950 Harrison Township, Bedford County, Pennsylvania $16,182 1951 Hanover Township, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania $16,181 1952 Cherrytree Township, Pennsylvania $16,176 1953 Howard Township, Pennsylvania $16,175 1954 Scranton, Pennsylvania $16,174 1955 Geneva, Pennsylvania $16,171 1956 Kane, Pennsylvania $16,167 1957 Oilcreek Township, Pennsylvania $16,166 1958 Saegertown, Pennsylvania $16,163 1959 Barkeyville, Pennsylvania $16,161 1960 Cooper Township, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania $16,161 1961 Porter Township, Clinton County, Pennsylvania $16,161 1962 Slippery Rock Township, Lawrence County, Pennsylvania $16,160 1963 Albany Township, Bradford County, Pennsylvania $16,156 1964 Catawissa, Pennsylvania $16,154 1965 New Kensington, Pennsylvania $16,152 1966 Lewisberry, Pennsylvania $16,147 1967 Petersburg, Pennsylvania $16,141 1968 North East, Pennsylvania $16,132 1969 Yeagertown, Pennsylvania $16,130 1970 Lawrenceville, Pennsylvania $16,127 1971 Rutland Township, Pennsylvania $16,125 1972 Glenfield, Pennsylvania $16,123 1973 Cadogan Township, Pennsylvania $16,122 1974 Salladasburg, Pennsylvania $16,122 1975 Walker Township, Juniata County, Pennsylvania $16,118 1976 McVeytown, Pennsylvania $16,116 1977 Pavia Township, Pennsylvania $16,115 1978 Watsontown, Pennsylvania $16,110 1979 Gaines Township, Pennsylvania $16,105 1980 Burgettstown, Pennsylvania $16,097 1981 Hawley, Pennsylvania $16,093 1982 Centralia, Pennsylvania $16,083 1983 Chester Township, Pennsylvania $16,072 1984 Port Vue, Pennsylvania $16,065 1985 French Creek Township, Mercer County, Pennsylvania $16,064 1986 Sergeant Township, Pennsylvania $16,063 1987 Callery, Pennsylvania $16,049 1988 Jackson Township, Northumberland County, Pennsylvania $16,039 1989 Napier Township, Pennsylvania $16,036 1990 Spartansburg, Pennsylvania $16,035 1991 Conemaugh Township, Somerset County, Pennsylvania $16,034 1992 Kulpmont, Pennsylvania $16,033 1993 Boggs Township, Centre County, Pennsylvania $16,030 1994 Porter Township, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania $16,030 1995 Exeter, Pennsylvania $16,022 1996 Sheshequin Township, Pennsylvania $16,017 1997 Jackson Township, Perry County, Pennsylvania $16,005 1998 Middlecreek Township, Snyder County, Pennsylvania $16,005 1999 Philipsburg, Centre County, Pennsylvania $16,002 2000 Bethel Township, Fulton County, Pennsylvania $15,999 2001 Haines Township, Pennsylvania $15,993 2002 West Pike Run Township, Pennsylvania $15,988 2003 Sandy Creek Township, Pennsylvania $15,986 2004 Dublin Township, Fulton County, Pennsylvania $15,984 2005 Lilly, Pennsylvania $15,984 2006 Stevens Township, Pennsylvania $15,983 2007 Farmington Township, Clarion County, Pennsylvania $15,982 2008 New Columbus, Pennsylvania $15,981 2009 Venango, Pennsylvania $15,978 2010 Mount Pleasant Township, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania $15,968 2011 Adams Township, Cambria County, Pennsylvania $15,967 2012 Anthony Township, Montour County, Pennsylvania $15,962 2013 Perry Township, Jefferson County, Pennsylvania $15,962 2014 Three Springs, Pennsylvania $15,962 2015 Jeannette, Pennsylvania $15,961 2016 Metal Township, Pennsylvania $15,958 2017 Burlington, Pennsylvania $15,951 2018 Graham Township, Pennsylvania $15,950 2019 Easton, Pennsylvania $15,949 2020 Dreher Township, Pennsylvania $15,945 2021 Greenwood Township, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania $15,945 2022 Mifflin Township, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania $15,945 2023 Mineral Township, Pennsylvania $15,945 2024 Lathrop Township, Pennsylvania $15,941 2025 Mifflin Township, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania $15,941 2026 Licking Creek Township, Pennsylvania $15,940 2027 Randolph Township, Pennsylvania $15,939 2028 Darlington, Pennsylvania $15,938 2029 Anthony Township, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania $15,932 2030 New Milford Township, Pennsylvania $15,927 2031 Tunkhannock Township, Monroe County, Pennsylvania $15,927 2032 Lawrence Township, Tioga County, Pennsylvania $15,920 2033 Beallsville, Pennsylvania $15,917 2034 Jacksonville, Pennsylvania $15,917 2035 Sharon, Pennsylvania $15,913 2036 Lehigh Township, Wayne County, Pennsylvania $15,910 2037 Watson Township, Warren County, Pennsylvania $15,909 2038 Sugar Notch, Pennsylvania $15,902 2039 Avon, Pennsylvania $15,901 2040 Ridgebury Township, Pennsylvania $15,901 2041 Freeburg, Pennsylvania $15,893 2042 Jay Township, Pennsylvania $15,893 2043 New Beaver, Pennsylvania $15,893 2044 Versailles, Pennsylvania $15,889 2045 Duncannon, Pennsylvania $15,883 2046 Verona, Pennsylvania $15,881 2047 Mahoning Township, Lawrence County, Pennsylvania $15,878 2048 Thompson Township, Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania $15,870 2049 Hyndman, Pennsylvania $15,865 2050 Liberty Township, Tioga County, Pennsylvania $15,857 2051 Springville Township, Pennsylvania $15,857 2052 Hickory Township, Forest County, Pennsylvania $15,856 2053 South Philipsburg, Pennsylvania $15,853 2054 Sewickley Township, Pennsylvania $15,846 2055 Richhill Township, Pennsylvania $15,845 2056 Piatt Township, Pennsylvania $15,842 2057 Everett, Pennsylvania $15,841 2058 Barnett Township, Jefferson County, Pennsylvania $15,840 2059 West Bethlehem Township, Pennsylvania $15,834 2060 Tell Township, Pennsylvania $15,832 2061 Muddy Creek Township, Pennsylvania $15,821 2062 Oakland Township, Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania $15,820 2063 Nelson Township, Pennsylvania $15,818 2064 Liberty Township, Centre County, Pennsylvania $15,814 2065 Windsor, Pennsylvania $15,808 2066 Plain Grove Township, Pennsylvania $15,807 2067 Rayne Township, Pennsylvania $15,806 2068 Burnham, Pennsylvania $15,800 2069 Jackson Township, Cambria County, Pennsylvania $15,790 2070 Harrisburg, Pennsylvania $15,787 2071 Manchester Township, Wayne County, Pennsylvania $15,786 2072 Auburn Township, Pennsylvania $15,785 2073 Ellwood City, Pennsylvania $15,784 2074 Trevorton, Pennsylvania $15,781 2075 Zerbe Township, Pennsylvania $15,780 2076 Forest City, Pennsylvania $15,774 2077 Millersville, Pennsylvania $15,773 2078 Marion Heights, Pennsylvania $15,772 2079 Munster Township, Pennsylvania $15,762 2080 Shirley Township, Pennsylvania $15,757 2081 Shoemakersville, Pennsylvania $15,756 2082 Cokeburg, Pennsylvania $15,754 2083 Stewart Township, Pennsylvania $15,754 2084 Port Matilda, Pennsylvania $15,753 2085 Trainer, Pennsylvania $15,753 2086 Gallitzin Township, Pennsylvania $15,752 2087 Millbourne, Pennsylvania $15,752 2088 Tamaqua, Pennsylvania $15,752 2089 Huntingdon, Pennsylvania $15,744 2090 Williamstown, Pennsylvania $15,744 2091 Salem Township, Clarion County, Pennsylvania $15,742 2092 Fulton Township, Pennsylvania $15,735 2093 Green Township, Forest County, Pennsylvania $15,725 2094 Jackson Center, Pennsylvania $15,721 2095 Bonneauville, Pennsylvania $15,720 2096 Wells Township, Bradford County, Pennsylvania $15,717 2097 Lackawannock Township, Pennsylvania $15,711 2098 Auburn, Pennsylvania $15,705 2099 Annin Township, Pennsylvania $15,703 2100 Freeland, Pennsylvania $15,701 2101 Sharpsburg, Pennsylvania $15,698 2102 Otto Township, Pennsylvania $15,697 2103 Perry Township, Greene County, Pennsylvania $15,696 2104 Warrior Run, Pennsylvania $15,693 2105 Huston Township, Blair County, Pennsylvania $15,688 2106 Rush Township, Centre County, Pennsylvania $15,683 2107 Tower City, Pennsylvania $15,678 2108 Bessemer, Lawrence County, Pennsylvania $15,677 2109 Wolfdale, Pennsylvania $15,676 2110 Eldred, Pennsylvania $15,674 2111 Derry, Pennsylvania $15,671 2112 Meshoppen Township, Wyoming County, Pennsylvania $15,670 2113 Pike Township, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania $15,670 2114 Jefferson Township, Fayette County, Pennsylvania $15,669 2115 Ulysses Township, Pennsylvania $15,669 2116 North Irwin, Pennsylvania $15,665 2117 Clover Township, Pennsylvania $15,661 2118 Pittsfield Township, Pennsylvania $15,661 2119 Upper Mifflin Township, Pennsylvania $15,660 2120 Woodward Township, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania $15,659 2121 Lumber City, Pennsylvania $15,655 2122 Grove Township, Pennsylvania $15,650 2123 Allegheny Township, Venango County, Pennsylvania $15,646 2124 Burrell Township, Indiana County, Pennsylvania $15,645 2125 Wesleyville, Pennsylvania $15,644 2126 Nuremberg, Pennsylvania $15,642 2127 New Eagle, Pennsylvania $15,636 2128 Albion, Pennsylvania $15,631 2129 Johnsonburg, Pennsylvania $15,631 2130 Washington Township, Fayette County, Pennsylvania $15,629 2131 Cherry Grove Township, Pennsylvania $15,628 2132 Colerain Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania $15,626 2133 Minersville, Pennsylvania $15,623 2134 Triumph Township, Pennsylvania $15,621 2135 Berlin, Pennsylvania $15,614 2136 Elgin, Pennsylvania $15,611 2137 Pleasantville, Venango County, Pennsylvania $15,608 2138 Knoxville, Pennsylvania $15,605 2139 Prompton, Pennsylvania $15,601 2140 East Huntingdon Township, Pennsylvania $15,598 2141 Wampum, Pennsylvania $15,598 2142 Portage, Pennsylvania $15,594 2143 Morgan Township, Pennsylvania $15,588 2144 Maxatawny Township, Pennsylvania $15,586 2145 Lebanon, Pennsylvania $15,584 2146 Chapman, Pennsylvania $15,571 2147 Sharon Township, Pennsylvania $15,570 2148 Beech Creek, Pennsylvania $15,567 2149 Cresson, Pennsylvania $15,562 2150 Union Township, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania $15,558 2151 Lumber Township, Pennsylvania $15,556 2152 Licking Township, Pennsylvania $15,553 2153 Ward Township, Pennsylvania $15,553 2154 Harford Township, Pennsylvania $15,551 2155 Englewood, Pennsylvania $15,547 2156 Hunlock Township, Pennsylvania $15,541 2157 Toboyne Township, Pennsylvania $15,537 2158 Wayne Township, Mifflin County, Pennsylvania $15,537 2159 Linesville, Pennsylvania $15,534 2160 Franklin Township, Bradford County, Pennsylvania $15,532 2161 Penn Township, Centre County, Pennsylvania $15,530 2162 Fox Township, Elk County, Pennsylvania $15,529 2163 Union Township, Jefferson County, Pennsylvania $15,528 2164 Muncy Creek Township, Pennsylvania $15,500 2165 Rockland Township, Venango County, Pennsylvania $15,495 2166 Clintonville, Pennsylvania $15,488 2167 Greene Township, Greene County, Pennsylvania $15,486 2168 Sheakleyville, Pennsylvania $15,479 2169 Lower Oxford Township, Pennsylvania $15,475 2170 Berlin Township, Pennsylvania $15,470 2171 Bloom Township, Pennsylvania $15,470 2172 Liberty Township, Bedford County, Pennsylvania $15,468 2173 McClure, Pennsylvania $15,466 2174 Lamar Township, Pennsylvania $15,464 2175 Taylor Township, Fulton County, Pennsylvania $15,461 2176 Canaan Township, Pennsylvania $15,460 2177 Delano, Pennsylvania $15,460 2178 Sandy Lake, Pennsylvania $15,460 2179 Middle Taylor Township, Pennsylvania $15,459 2180 Ashland Township, Pennsylvania $15,457 2181 Lincoln Township, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania $15,457 2182 Standing Stone Township, Pennsylvania $15,456 2183 Forks Township, Sullivan County, Pennsylvania $15,451 2184 Castanea Township, Pennsylvania $15,448 2185 Ellport, Pennsylvania $15,447 2186 Morris Township, Greene County, Pennsylvania $15,430 2187 Pine Creek Township, Jefferson County, Pennsylvania $15,426 2188 Rome Township, Bradford County, Pennsylvania $15,425 2189 Alexandria, Pennsylvania $15,423 2190 Nicholson Township, Wyoming County, Pennsylvania $15,423 2191 Canton Township, Washington County, Pennsylvania $15,420 2192 Lake City, Pennsylvania $15,419 2193 St. Clair, Pennsylvania $15,418 2194 Girard Township, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania $15,412 2195 Concord Township, Erie County, Pennsylvania $15,409 2196 Parryville, Pennsylvania $15,409 2197 Tionesta Township, Pennsylvania $15,404 2198 Picture Rocks, Pennsylvania $15,402 2199 Fairview-Ferndale, Pennsylvania $15,400 2200 Pulaski Township, Lawrence County, Pennsylvania $15,397 2201 Lycoming Township, Pennsylvania $15,395 2202 Port Clinton, Pennsylvania $15,395 2203 Upland, Pennsylvania $15,391 2204 Cass Township, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania $15,389 2205 Spring Creek Township, Elk County, Pennsylvania $15,383 2206 Landisburg, Pennsylvania $15,379 2207 Mount Carmel Township, Pennsylvania $15,376 2208 Rockhill Furnace, Pennsylvania $15,376 2209 Taylor Township, Lawrence County, Pennsylvania $15,368 2210 West Brownsville, Pennsylvania $15,368 2211 Young Township, Indiana County, Pennsylvania $15,367 2212 Wheatland, Pennsylvania $15,365 2213 Clinton Township, Wayne County, Pennsylvania $15,363 2214 Eldred Township, McKean County, Pennsylvania $15,361 2215 Rochester, Pennsylvania $15,359 2216 Harmony Township, Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania $15,351 2217 Nanticoke, Pennsylvania $15,348 2218 Wilburton Number One, Pennsylvania $15,348 2219 Cogan House Township, Pennsylvania $15,345 2220 East Cameron Township, Pennsylvania $15,345 2221 Jersey Shore, Pennsylvania $15,343 2222 Troutville, Pennsylvania $15,335 2223 Waynesburg, Pennsylvania $15,333 2224 Coal Township, Pennsylvania $15,329 2225 Buffington Township, Pennsylvania $15,327 2226 Colebrook Township, Pennsylvania $15,327 2227 Franklin, Cambria County, Pennsylvania $15,322 2228 Jonestown, Lebanon County, Pennsylvania $15,322 2229 Fallston, Pennsylvania $15,312 2230 Hartley Township, Pennsylvania $15,310 2231 McEwensville, Pennsylvania $15,309 2232 Oliver Township, Jefferson County, Pennsylvania $15,308 2233 Riceville, Pennsylvania $15,305 2234 Bloomfield Township, Crawford County, Pennsylvania $15,303 2235 Mainville, Pennsylvania $15,303 2236 East Brady, Pennsylvania $15,299 2237 Brady Township, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania $15,298 2238 Jefferson, Greene County, Pennsylvania $15,294 2239 Cumberland Township, Greene County, Pennsylvania $15,293 2240 West Burlington Township, Pennsylvania $15,291 2241 Karns City, Pennsylvania $15,290 2242 Tioga Township, Pennsylvania $15,290 2243 West Perry Township, Pennsylvania $15,288 2244 Tyrone, Pennsylvania $15,285 2245 Unionville, Centre County, Pennsylvania $15,284 2246 Foundryville, Pennsylvania $15,283 2247 Clay Township, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania $15,282 2248 Southwest Township, Pennsylvania $15,281 2249 Juniata Township, Blair County, Pennsylvania $15,277 2250 Chest Township, Cambria County, Pennsylvania $15,276 2251 Fairdale, Pennsylvania $15,275 2252 Tidioute, Pennsylvania $15,272 2253 Southampton Township, Bedford County, Pennsylvania $15,271 2254 Wiconisco Township, Pennsylvania $15,268 2255 Tuscarora Township, Juniata County, Pennsylvania $15,264 2256 South Connellsville, Pennsylvania $15,261 2257 Coalmont, Pennsylvania $15,260 2258 Decatur Township, Mifflin County, Pennsylvania $15,248 2259 New Boston-Morea, Pennsylvania $15,243 2260 West Franklin Township, Pennsylvania $15,243 2261 Clearfield Township, Cambria County, Pennsylvania $15,241 2262 Emporium, Pennsylvania $15,239 2263 Beaver Township, Columbia County, Pennsylvania $15,225 2264 Dimock Township, Pennsylvania $15,216 2265 Hyde Park, Pennsylvania $15,214 2266 Altoona, Pennsylvania $15,213 2267 West Mahanoy Township, Pennsylvania $15,212 2268 New Albany, Pennsylvania $15,209 2269 Allegheny Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania $15,204 2270 Belleville, Pennsylvania $15,202 2271 Jackson Township, Tioga County, Pennsylvania $15,201 2272 Jamestown, Pennsylvania $15,199 2273 Amity Township, Erie County, Pennsylvania $15,186 2274 Sylvania, Pennsylvania $15,181 2275 Limestone Township, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania $15,180 2276 Mount Pleasant Mills, Pennsylvania $15,180 2277 Blaine Township, Pennsylvania $15,167 2278 Franklin Township, Fayette County, Pennsylvania $15,167 2279 Newburg, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania $15,166 2280 Pymatuning Township, Pennsylvania $15,164 2281 Derry Township, Montour County, Pennsylvania $15,161 2282 Numidia, Pennsylvania $15,160 2283 Kline Township, Pennsylvania $15,157 2284 Victory Township, Pennsylvania $15,156 2285 Marion Township, Centre County, Pennsylvania $15,153 2286 Corry, Pennsylvania $15,143 2287 Hiller, Pennsylvania $15,142 2288 Loyalhanna Township, Pennsylvania $15,136 2289 Spruce Hill Township, Pennsylvania $15,135 2290 Castanea, Pennsylvania $15,133 2291 East Side, Pennsylvania $15,132 2292 Jackson Township, Snyder County, Pennsylvania $15,131 2293 Jenks Township, Pennsylvania $15,131 2294 Middletown Township, Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania $15,129 2295 Rome, Pennsylvania $15,127 2296 Buck Township, Pennsylvania $15,123 2297 Woodland Heights, Pennsylvania $15,123 2298 Worthington, Pennsylvania $15,122 2299 Osceola Township, Pennsylvania $15,113 2300 Juniata Township, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania $15,111 2301 Snydertown, Pennsylvania $15,107 2302 Orchard Hills, Pennsylvania $15,105 2303 Mount Oliver, Pennsylvania $15,104 2304 King Township, Pennsylvania $15,102 2305 East Carroll Township, Pennsylvania $15,100 2306 Lykens Township, Pennsylvania $15,096 2307 South New Castle, Pennsylvania $15,095 2308 Ambridge, Pennsylvania $15,089 2309 Marion Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania $15,089 2310 Woodward, Pennsylvania $15,089 2311 Leroy Township, Pennsylvania $15,087 2312 Highland Township, Elk County, Pennsylvania $15,086 2313 Dunbar Township, Pennsylvania $15,083 2314 Windber, Pennsylvania $15,078 2315 Rockdale Township, Pennsylvania $15,071 2316 Bendersville, Pennsylvania $15,066 2317 Jenner Township, Pennsylvania $15,066 2318 Orwell Township, Pennsylvania $15,055 2319 Logan Township, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania $15,051 2320 Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania $15,050 2321 Knox Township, Jefferson County, Pennsylvania $15,040 2322 Ashland, Pennsylvania $15,036 2323 Dayton, Pennsylvania $15,036 2324 Glassport, Pennsylvania $15,035 2325 Northampton Township, Somerset County, Pennsylvania $15,021 2326 East Providence Township, Pennsylvania $15,015 2327 Oakland, Lawrence County, Pennsylvania $15,015 2328 South Creek Township, Pennsylvania $15,015 2329 Canton Township, Bradford County, Pennsylvania $15,013 2330 Summerhill, Pennsylvania $15,013 2331 Great Bend, Pennsylvania $15,009 2332 Burnside Township, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania $15,005 2333 Portage Township, Cameron County, Pennsylvania $15,001 2334 Stoneboro, Pennsylvania $14,999 2335 Summit Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania $14,996 2336 Herrick Township, Bradford County, Pennsylvania $14,989 2337 Herminie, Pennsylvania $14,988 2338 Sullivan Township, Pennsylvania $14,986 2339 Dudley, Pennsylvania $14,984 2340 Carmichaels, Pennsylvania $14,979 2341 Kittanning Township, Pennsylvania $14,979 2342 Washington Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania $14,977 2343 Brandonville, Pennsylvania $14,973 2344 Erie, Pennsylvania $14,972 2345 Allegheny Township, Somerset County, Pennsylvania $14,970 2346 Greenville, Pennsylvania $14,969 2347 Addison, Pennsylvania $14,963 2348 Brooklyn Township, Pennsylvania $14,957 2349 Clearfield Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania $14,952 2350 Newry, Pennsylvania $14,949 2351 Woodbury Township, Blair County, Pennsylvania $14,946 2352 Union Township, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania $14,940 2353 Osceola Mills, Pennsylvania $14,932 2354 Harmonsburg, Pennsylvania $14,930 2355 Cherry Valley, Pennsylvania $14,915 2356 Fannett Township, Pennsylvania $14,915 2357 Carbondale, Pennsylvania $14,914 2358 Beaver Township, Crawford County, Pennsylvania $14,913 2359 Cherryhill Township, Pennsylvania $14,910 2360 East Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania $14,909 2361 Fairview Township, Mercer County, Pennsylvania $14,909 2362 Whiteley Township, Pennsylvania $14,906 2363 Turbett Township, Pennsylvania $14,905 2364 Hampton, Pennsylvania $14,901 2365 Hydetown, Pennsylvania $14,891 2366 Susquehanna Township, Juniata County, Pennsylvania $14,890 2367 Burrell Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania $14,888 2368 West Finley Township, Pennsylvania $14,888 2369 Shickshinny, Pennsylvania $14,880 2370 Norwich Township, Pennsylvania $14,879 2371 Bradford Township, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania $14,877 2372 Washington Township, Indiana County, Pennsylvania $14,870 2373 Franklin Township, Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania $14,866 2374 Lehighton, Pennsylvania $14,861 2375 West Fallowfield Township, Crawford County, Pennsylvania $14,860 2376 Mount Carmel, Pennsylvania $14,858 2377 Spring Township, Snyder County, Pennsylvania $14,858 2378 Rush Township, Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania $14,853 2379 Delano Township, Pennsylvania $14,851 2380 Portage Township, Cambria County, Pennsylvania $14,846 2381 Little Mahanoy Township, Pennsylvania $14,844 2382 Milford Township, Somerset County, Pennsylvania $14,836 2383 Timblin, Pennsylvania $14,831 2384 Wattsburg, Pennsylvania $14,830 2385 Curwensville, Pennsylvania $14,829 2386 Spring Township, Crawford County, Pennsylvania $14,821 2387 Washington, Pennsylvania $14,818 2388 Shippensburg, Pennsylvania $14,816 2389 Cromwell Township, Pennsylvania $14,806 2390 Springfield Township, Bradford County, Pennsylvania $14,804 2391 Le Raysville, Pennsylvania $14,802 2392 Punxsutawney, Pennsylvania $14,802 2393 Tuscarora Township, Bradford County, Pennsylvania $14,798 2394 Beaver Springs, Pennsylvania $14,796 2395 Ararat Township, Pennsylvania $14,793 2396 Scott Township, Wayne County, Pennsylvania $14,793 2397 Claysville, Pennsylvania $14,785 2398 Dixonville, Pennsylvania $14,785 2399 Gilberton, Pennsylvania $14,785 2400 Pitcairn, Pennsylvania $14,785 2401 Broad Top Township, Pennsylvania $14,781 2402 Lewis Township, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania $14,780 2403 Jeddo, Pennsylvania $14,776 2404 Donegal Township, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania $14,764 2405 Keating Township, McKean County, Pennsylvania $14,764 2406 Richland Township, Clarion County, Pennsylvania $14,764 2407 Harrison City, Pennsylvania $14,759 2408 Mahanoy Township, Pennsylvania $14,755 2409 East Uniontown, Pennsylvania $14,751 2410 South Renovo, Pennsylvania $14,751 2411 Pulaski Township, Beaver County, Pennsylvania $14,742 2412 Lebanon Township, Pennsylvania $14,741 2413 Daisytown, Pennsylvania $14,736 2414 Lewistown, Pennsylvania $14,733 2415 New Milford, Pennsylvania $14,733 2416 South Bend Township, Pennsylvania $14,728 2417 McAdoo, Pennsylvania $14,723 2418 Newtown, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania $14,722 2419 Wall, Pennsylvania $14,720 2420 New Castle Township, Pennsylvania $14,716 2421 Hartleton, Pennsylvania $14,714 2422 President Township, Pennsylvania $14,713 2423 Williamsport, Pennsylvania $14,707 2424 St. Petersburg, Pennsylvania $14,703 2425 Tremont, Pennsylvania $14,698 2426 Oil Creek Township, Pennsylvania $14,696 2427 Boggs Township, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania $14,694 2428 Paint Township, Somerset County, Pennsylvania $14,694 2429 Lake Township, Mercer County, Pennsylvania $14,690 2430 Little Beaver Township, Pennsylvania $14,689 2431 Banks Township, Indiana County, Pennsylvania $14,687 2432 West Elizabeth, Pennsylvania $14,687 2433 Pittston, Pennsylvania $14,686 2434 Martinsburg, Pennsylvania $14,678 2435 Youngstown, Pennsylvania $14,677 2436 East Finley Township, Pennsylvania $14,675 2437 Brookfield Township, Pennsylvania $14,673 2438 Tarentum, Pennsylvania $14,671 2439 Ringgold Township, Pennsylvania $14,669 2440 Liberty Township, Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania $14,664 2441 Factoryville, Pennsylvania $14,660 2442 Sandy Ridge, Pennsylvania $14,657 2443 Gaskill Township, Pennsylvania $14,649 2444 Porter Township, Clarion County, Pennsylvania $14,647 2445 Perry Township, Snyder County, Pennsylvania $14,631 2446 Stoystown, Pennsylvania $14,629 2447 Parker, Pennsylvania $14,627 2448 Plumcreek Township, Pennsylvania $14,624 2449 East Vandergrift, Pennsylvania $14,611 2450 St. Clair Township, Pennsylvania $14,611 2451 Center Township, Greene County, Pennsylvania $14,610 2452 Warminster Heights, Pennsylvania $14,610 2453 Clairton, Pennsylvania $14,608 2454 Venango Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania $14,600 2455 Rohrsburg, Pennsylvania $14,597 2456 Seward, Pennsylvania $14,585 2457 Greenwood Township, Crawford County, Pennsylvania $14,584 2458 Saltsburg, Pennsylvania $14,580 2459 Plum Township, Pennsylvania $14,578 2460 Dale, Pennsylvania $14,570 2461 West Cameron Township, Pennsylvania $14,563 2462 Platea, Pennsylvania $14,555 2463 New Baltimore, Pennsylvania $14,552 2464 Worthville, Pennsylvania $14,542 2465 Plumville, Pennsylvania $14,540 2466 Freedom Township, Blair County, Pennsylvania $14,539 2467 Berwick, Pennsylvania $14,538 2468 Dunkard Township, Pennsylvania $14,537 2469 Farrell, Pennsylvania $14,532 2470 Millvale, Pennsylvania $14,526 2471 Bratton Township, Pennsylvania $14,516 2472 East Wheatfield Township, Pennsylvania $14,514 2473 Athens Township, Crawford County, Pennsylvania $14,509 2474 Strattanville, Pennsylvania $14,506 2475 Smicksburg, Pennsylvania $14,502 2476 Greene Township, Clinton County, Pennsylvania $14,500 2477 Shanksville, Pennsylvania $14,500 2478 Springfield Township, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania $14,499 2479 Waymart, Pennsylvania $14,498 2480 Wellersburg, Pennsylvania $14,495 2481 Conneaut Township, Crawford County, Pennsylvania $14,493 2482 Rayburn Township, Pennsylvania $14,490 2483 Noxen Township, Wyoming County, Pennsylvania $14,488 2484 Warsaw Township, Pennsylvania $14,487 2485 Davidson Township, Pennsylvania $14,483 2486 McIntyre Township, Pennsylvania $14,483 2487 Georges Township, Pennsylvania $14,482 2488 Upper Mahantongo Township, Pennsylvania $14,478 2489 Elkland, Pennsylvania $14,470 2490 East Rochester, Pennsylvania $14,465 2491 Stonycreek Township, Somerset County, Pennsylvania $14,463 2492 Southwest Madison Township, Pennsylvania $14,457 2493 Parker Township, Pennsylvania $14,434 2494 Boggs Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania $14,432 2495 Mapleton, Pennsylvania $14,431 2496 Texas Township, Pennsylvania $14,429 2497 California, Pennsylvania $14,412 2498 Gulich Township, Pennsylvania $14,405 2499 Cranesville, Pennsylvania $14,403 2500 Bart Township, Pennsylvania $14,399 2501 Juniata Terrace, Pennsylvania $14,398 2502 Sykesville, Pennsylvania $14,398 2503 West Taylor Township, Pennsylvania $14,396 2504 Mifflintown, Pennsylvania $14,394 2505 Renningers, Pennsylvania $14,391 2506 Snyder Township, Blair County, Pennsylvania $14,389 2507 Eau Claire, Pennsylvania $14,383 2508 Toby Township, Pennsylvania $14,380 2509 York Springs, Pennsylvania $14,379 2510 Branchdale, Pennsylvania $14,378 2511 Conemaugh Township, Indiana County, Pennsylvania $14,378 2512 Paxtonville, Pennsylvania $14,376 2513 Mahanoy City, Pennsylvania $14,369 2514 Hallstead, Pennsylvania $14,362 2515 Chest Springs, Pennsylvania $14,357 2516 Deerfield Township, Tioga County, Pennsylvania $14,354 2517 Monroe Township, Bradford County, Pennsylvania $14,353 2518 Paint, Pennsylvania $14,351 2519 Putnam Township, Pennsylvania $14,349 2520 Lansford, Pennsylvania $14,347 2521 Orrstown, Pennsylvania $14,346 2522 Roulette Township, Pennsylvania $14,340 2523 Brush Valley Township, Pennsylvania $14,337 2524 Ferguson Township, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania $14,337 2525 Saltillo, Pennsylvania $14,333 2526 Wilmerding, Pennsylvania $14,330 2527 Bellwood, Pennsylvania $14,323 2528 South Coatesville, Pennsylvania $14,321 2529 Ford City, Pennsylvania $14,318 2530 Morris Township, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania $14,314 2531 Penn, Pennsylvania $14,312 2532 Wayne Township, Greene County, Pennsylvania $14,296 2533 Cherry Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania $14,288 2534 North Union Township, Fayette County, Pennsylvania $14,265 2535 Springboro, Pennsylvania $14,258 2536 Chester Hill, Pennsylvania $14,256 2537 Clymer, Pennsylvania $14,250 2538 Blacklick Township, Pennsylvania $14,244 2539 Summerhill Township, Cambria County, Pennsylvania $14,242 2540 Rural Valley, Pennsylvania $14,238 2541 Brady Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania $14,237 2542 Fredonia, Pennsylvania $14,233 2543 Benson, Pennsylvania $14,232 2544 Conyngham Township, Columbia County, Pennsylvania $14,230 2545 West Wheatfield Township, Pennsylvania $14,228 2546 Gallitzin, Pennsylvania $14,216 2547 Granville Township, Bradford County, Pennsylvania $14,211 2548 Plymouth, Pennsylvania $14,207 2549 Republic, Pennsylvania $14,201 2550 Laceyville, Pennsylvania $14,185 2551 Union Township, Mifflin County, Pennsylvania $14,185 2552 Nanty-Glo, Pennsylvania $14,184 2553 Houtzdale, Pennsylvania $14,177 2554 Dunbar, Pennsylvania $14,176 2555 Elk Lick Township, Pennsylvania $14,176 2556 Greenfield Township, Blair County, Pennsylvania $14,168 2557 Connellsville, Pennsylvania $14,165 2558 Monroe Township, Bedford County, Pennsylvania $14,160 2559 Conemaugh Township, Cambria County, Pennsylvania $14,157 2560 Gettysburg, Pennsylvania $14,157 2561 Southampton Township, Somerset County, Pennsylvania $14,149 2562 Lewisburg, Pennsylvania $14,146 2563 Curtisville, Pennsylvania $14,143 2564 West Beaver Township, Pennsylvania $14,143 2565 Dean Township, Pennsylvania $14,141 2566 Upper Turkeyfoot Township, Pennsylvania $14,137 2567 Milroy, Pennsylvania $14,136 2568 Croyle Township, Pennsylvania $14,130 2569 Meyersdale, Pennsylvania $14,116 2570 Union Township, Snyder County, Pennsylvania $14,115 2571 Ramey, Pennsylvania $14,101 2572 Coatesville, Pennsylvania $14,079 2573 North Braddock, Pennsylvania $14,076 2574 Abbott Township, Pennsylvania $14,068 2575 Eastvale, Pennsylvania $14,063 2576 Vanderbilt, Pennsylvania $14,045 2577 North Apollo, Pennsylvania $14,025 2578 Morris Township, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania $14,023 2579 Coaldale, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania $14,021 2580 Fairchance, Pennsylvania $14,021 2581 Williamsburg, Pennsylvania $14,019 2582 Lack Township, Pennsylvania $14,016 2583 White Township, Cambria County, Pennsylvania $14,007 2584 Cassandra, Pennsylvania $14,004 2585 Quemahoning Township, Pennsylvania $14,002 2586 Barnett Township, Forest County, Pennsylvania $13,995 2587 Lower Tyrone Township, Pennsylvania $13,995 2588 Penn Township, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania $13,994 2589 Plainfield, Pennsylvania $13,993 2590 Darby, Pennsylvania $13,990 2591 Juniata Township, Bedford County, Pennsylvania $13,990 2592 North Vandergrift-Pleasant View, Pennsylvania $13,987 2593 North Philipsburg, Pennsylvania $13,984 2594 Lucerne Mines, Pennsylvania $13,976 2595 Fox Township, Sullivan County, Pennsylvania $13,971 2596 Wayne Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania $13,969 2597 Sugar Grove Township, Warren County, Pennsylvania $13,963 2598 Lancaster, Pennsylvania $13,955 2599 Elco, Pennsylvania $13,951 2600 Londonderry Township, Bedford County, Pennsylvania $13,951 2601 Redstone Township, Pennsylvania $13,945 2602 Forksville, Pennsylvania $13,943 2603 Beccaria Township, Pennsylvania $13,941 2604 Logan Township, Clinton County, Pennsylvania $13,939 2605 Ceres Township, Pennsylvania $13,934 2606 Middleport, Pennsylvania $13,931 2607 Polk Township, Jefferson County, Pennsylvania $13,923 2608 St. Michael-Sidman, Pennsylvania $13,914 2609 Eyers Grove, Pennsylvania $13,906 2610 Mann Township, Pennsylvania $13,893 2611 Reilly Township, Pennsylvania $13,888 2612 Woodbury Township, Bedford County, Pennsylvania $13,885 2613 Colwyn, Pennsylvania $13,883 2614 Masontown, Pennsylvania $13,875 2615 Farmington Township, Tioga County, Pennsylvania $13,874 2616 Gordon, Pennsylvania $13,873 2617 Lanesboro, Pennsylvania $13,873 2618 Madison Township, Clarion County, Pennsylvania $13,867 2619 Elder Township, Pennsylvania $13,862 2620 McKees Rocks, Pennsylvania $13,858 2621 Bloss Township, Pennsylvania $13,857 2622 Summit Township, Somerset County, Pennsylvania $13,853 2623 Sutersville, Pennsylvania $13,853 2624 Patton, Pennsylvania $13,851 2625 Lincoln Township, Bedford County, Pennsylvania $13,847 2626 Mahoning Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania $13,833 2627 Coal Center, Pennsylvania $13,827 2628 Parks Township, Pennsylvania $13,818 2629 West Alexander, Pennsylvania $13,815 2630 Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania $13,808 2631 Sligo, Pennsylvania $13,807 2632 Brisbin, Pennsylvania $13,805 2633 Perry Township, Clarion County, Pennsylvania $13,795 2634 Kittanning, Pennsylvania $13,787 2635 Weissport, Pennsylvania $13,785 2636 Clarendon, Pennsylvania $13,774 2637 Montgomery, Pennsylvania $13,763 2638 Redbank Township, Clarion County, Pennsylvania $13,762 2639 Shippingport, Pennsylvania $13,759 2640 Glen Lyon, Pennsylvania $13,753 2641 Charleroi, Pennsylvania $13,752 2642 Corsica, Pennsylvania $13,752 2643 Wells Township, Fulton County, Pennsylvania $13,746 2644 Marcus Hook, Pennsylvania $13,738 2645 Rebersburg, Pennsylvania $13,737 2646 Girardville, Pennsylvania $13,735 2647 Todd Township, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania $13,734 2648 New Castle, Pennsylvania $13,730 2649 Sankertown, Pennsylvania $13,728 2650 Overton Township, Pennsylvania $13,727 2651 Karthaus Township, Pennsylvania $13,723 2652 Clarksville, Pennsylvania $13,720 2653 Uniontown, Pennsylvania $13,720 2654 Aliquippa, Pennsylvania $13,718 2655 Keating Township, Potter County, Pennsylvania $13,716 2656 Grant Township, Pennsylvania $13,697 2657 Armagh Township, Pennsylvania $13,692 2658 Plymptonville, Pennsylvania $13,691 2659 Rockwood, Pennsylvania $13,687 2660 Callensburg, Pennsylvania $13,654 2661 Susquehanna Depot, Pennsylvania $13,654 2662 New Galilee, Pennsylvania $13,649 2663 Jackson Township, Venango County, Pennsylvania $13,644 2664 Brush Creek Township, Pennsylvania $13,643 2665 Cassville, Pennsylvania $13,628 2666 Smithfield, Pennsylvania $13,618 2667 Creekside, Pennsylvania $13,603 2668 Cowanshannock Township, Pennsylvania $13,598 2669 Reynoldsville, Pennsylvania $13,592 2670 Reedsville, Pennsylvania $13,591 2671 Shirleysburg, Pennsylvania $13,586 2672 Gray Township, Pennsylvania $13,584 2673 Nicholson Township, Fayette County, Pennsylvania $13,568 2674 Bolivar, Pennsylvania $13,551 2675 Shippen Township, Tioga County, Pennsylvania $13,544 2676 Casselman, Pennsylvania $13,543 2677 Slippery Rock, Pennsylvania $13,538 2678 Canton, Pennsylvania $13,537 2679 Manns Choice, Pennsylvania $13,533 2680 Morris Township, Tioga County, Pennsylvania $13,519 2681 Wood Township, Pennsylvania $13,512 2682 Oliver, Pennsylvania $13,509 2683 New Salem-Buffington, Pennsylvania $13,508 2684 Westfield Township, Pennsylvania $13,506 2685 Troy Township, Crawford County, Pennsylvania $13,505 2686 Black Township, Pennsylvania $13,504 2687 Shade Township, Pennsylvania $13,497 2688 Brownstown, Cambria County, Pennsylvania $13,494 2689 New Ringgold, Pennsylvania $13,492 2690 Beaverdale-Lloydell, Pennsylvania $13,477 2691 New Brighton, Pennsylvania $13,475 2692 Edwardsville, Pennsylvania $13,464 2693 Washington Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania $13,464 2694 East Waterford, Pennsylvania $13,456 2695 New Florence, Pennsylvania $13,449 2696 Barr Township, Pennsylvania $13,444 2697 Bingham Township, Pennsylvania $13,441 2698 West St. Clair Township, Pennsylvania $13,440 2699 Upper Tyrone Township, Pennsylvania $13,439 2700 York, Pennsylvania $13,439 2701 Hastings, Pennsylvania $13,429 2702 Fredericktown-Millsboro, Pennsylvania $13,425 2703 Mount Union, Pennsylvania $13,419 2704 Apollo, Pennsylvania $13,415 2705 Meshoppen, Pennsylvania $13,408 2706 Brownsville, Pennsylvania $13,404 2707 Selinsgrove, Pennsylvania $13,401 2708 Knox Township, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania $13,394 2709 East Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania $13,391 2710 Upper Mahanoy Township, Pennsylvania $13,387 2711 Lewis Township, Union County, Pennsylvania $13,385 2712 Oakland, Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania $13,363 2713 Sunbury, Pennsylvania $13,350 2714 Aleppo Township, Greene County, Pennsylvania $13,346 2715 New Vernon Township, Pennsylvania $13,325 2716 Glen Hope, Pennsylvania $13,321 2717 Aristes, Pennsylvania $13,302 2718 Larimer Township, Pennsylvania $13,301 2719 Point Marion, Pennsylvania $13,300 2720 Hooversville, Pennsylvania $13,298 2721 South Fork, Pennsylvania $13,298 2722 Brady Township, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania $13,292 2723 Rouseville, Pennsylvania $13,286 2724 New Paris, Pennsylvania $13,279 2725 Claysburg, Pennsylvania $13,277 2726 Central City, Pennsylvania $13,263 2727 Oswayo Township, Pennsylvania $13,263 2728 Shinglehouse, Pennsylvania $13,253 2729 Hamilton Township, Tioga County, Pennsylvania $13,251 2730 McKeesport, Pennsylvania $13,242 2731 Center Township, Snyder County, Pennsylvania $13,240 2732 Johnstown, Pennsylvania $13,236 2733 Washington Township, Clarion County, Pennsylvania $13,218 2734 South Mahoning Township, Pennsylvania $13,191 2735 Miles Township, Pennsylvania $13,180 2736 West Carroll Township, Pennsylvania $13,177 2737 Summerhill Township, Crawford County, Pennsylvania $13,176 2738 East Mahoning Township, Pennsylvania $13,168 2739 Hawthorn, Pennsylvania $13,146 2740 Chapman Township, Clinton County, Pennsylvania $13,140 2741 Bruin, Pennsylvania $13,136 2742 Braddock, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania $13,135 2743 Marshallton, Pennsylvania $13,135 2744 Westfield, Pennsylvania $13,135 2745 Eldred Township, Warren County, Pennsylvania $13,132 2746 Northern Cambria, Pennsylvania $13,129 2747 Freehold Township, Pennsylvania $13,103 2748 Black Lick, Pennsylvania $13,100 2749 Galeton, Pennsylvania $13,095 2750 Steuben Township, Pennsylvania $13,089 2751 Fairhope Township, Pennsylvania $13,087 2752 Reading, Pennsylvania $13,086 2753 Northeast Madison Township, Pennsylvania $13,083 2754 Franklin Township, Greene County, Pennsylvania $13,066 2755 Woodward Township, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania $13,062 2756 Fayette City, Pennsylvania $13,058 2757 Chester, Pennsylvania $13,052 2758 East Keating Township, Pennsylvania $13,047 2759 Tunnelhill, Pennsylvania $13,042 2760 Jerome, Pennsylvania $13,033 2761 East Bethlehem Township, Pennsylvania $13,024 2762 Briar Creek, Pennsylvania $13,009 2763 Armenia Township, Pennsylvania $13,005 2764 Salisbury, Pennsylvania $12,973 2765 Polk, Pennsylvania $12,963 2766 Union Dale, Pennsylvania $12,960 2767 Everson, Pennsylvania $12,928 2768 Belle Vernon, Pennsylvania $12,919 2769 Gregg Township, Union County, Pennsylvania $12,916 2770 Allegheny Township, Cambria County, Pennsylvania $12,911 2771 Susquehanna Township, Cambria County, Pennsylvania $12,878 2772 Cambridge Springs, Pennsylvania $12,863 2773 Centerville, Crawford County, Pennsylvania $12,860 2774 Leacock Township, Pennsylvania $12,848 2775 Mifflin, Pennsylvania $12,843 2776 Benton, Columbia County, Pennsylvania $12,831 2777 Bloomsburg, Pennsylvania $12,819 2778 Lower Turkeyfoot Township, Pennsylvania $12,812 2779 Porter Township, Jefferson County, Pennsylvania $12,800 2780 Broad Top City, Pennsylvania $12,788 2781 Frailey Township, Pennsylvania $12,780 2782 Frankfort Springs, Pennsylvania $12,776 2783 Canoe Township, Pennsylvania $12,773 2784 Dawson, Pennsylvania $12,753 2785 New Wilmington, Pennsylvania $12,749 2786 Beaver Township, Jefferson County, Pennsylvania $12,747 2787 Henderson Township, Jefferson County, Pennsylvania $12,716 2788 Homestead, Pennsylvania $12,690 2789 Harrisville, Pennsylvania $12,683 2790 Donegal, Pennsylvania $12,656 2791 Jackson Township, Greene County, Pennsylvania $12,653 2792 Curtin Township, Pennsylvania $12,649 2793 Clinton Township, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania $12,646 2794 Hyde, Pennsylvania $12,645 2795 West Sunbury, Pennsylvania $12,643 2796 Ashville, Pennsylvania $12,640 2797 East Conemaugh, Pennsylvania $12,636 2798 Chapman Township, Snyder County, Pennsylvania $12,632 2799 Springfield Township, Fayette County, Pennsylvania $12,608 2800 Jordan Township, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania $12,600 2801 Union City, Pennsylvania $12,599 2802 Madison Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania $12,583 2803 Cresson Township, Pennsylvania $12,575 2804 Shenandoah, Pennsylvania $12,562 2805 Harrison Township, Potter County, Pennsylvania $12,550 2806 Rimersburg, Pennsylvania $12,549 2807 Sheppton, Pennsylvania $12,547 2808 Mill Village, Pennsylvania $12,529 2809 Green Township, Indiana County, Pennsylvania $12,524 2810 Monument, Pennsylvania $12,501 2811 Henry Clay Township, Pennsylvania $12,491 2812 Heilwood, Pennsylvania $12,487 2813 Grindstone-Rowes Run, Pennsylvania $12,486 2814 Donaldson, Pennsylvania $12,455 2815 Bigler Township, Pennsylvania $12,434 2816 Pine Township, Indiana County, Pennsylvania $12,404 2817 Redbank Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania $12,384 2818 North Mahoning Township, Pennsylvania $12,365 2819 Big Run, Jefferson County, Pennsylvania $12,363 2820 Port Trevorton, Pennsylvania $12,363 2821 Springhill Township, Fayette County, Pennsylvania $12,360 2822 Shamokin, Pennsylvania $12,354 2823 Troxelville, Pennsylvania $12,333 2824 Indiana, Pennsylvania $12,317 2825 Markleysburg, Pennsylvania $12,312 2826 Julian, Pennsylvania $12,307 2827 Kingsley Township, Pennsylvania $12,307 2828 Clymer Township, Pennsylvania $12,280 2829 Klingerstown, Pennsylvania $12,276 2830 Modena, Pennsylvania $12,269 2831 Goshen Township, Pennsylvania $12,255 2832 Stewardson Township, Pennsylvania $12,235 2833 Colver, Pennsylvania $12,219 2834 Austin, Pennsylvania $12,210 2835 Edinboro, Pennsylvania $12,209 2836 Hartstown, Pennsylvania $12,199 2837 State College, Pennsylvania $12,155 2838 Altamont, Pennsylvania $12,151 2839 Confluence, Pennsylvania $12,129 2840 Grampian, Pennsylvania $12,127 2841 Scalp Level, Pennsylvania $12,108 2842 Bell Township, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania $12,090 2843 Wilmore, Pennsylvania $12,075 2844 Duquesne, Pennsylvania $12,067 2845 Marion Center, Pennsylvania $12,048 2846 Glen Campbell, Pennsylvania $12,039 2847 Boswell, Pennsylvania $12,036 2848 Rome Township, Crawford County, Pennsylvania $12,035 2849 Atwood, Pennsylvania $12,026 2850 Oswayo, Pennsylvania $12,018 2851 Montgomery Township, Indiana County, Pennsylvania $12,015 2852 Guys Mills, Pennsylvania $11,978 2853 Lock Haven, Pennsylvania $11,948 2854 Rossiter, Pennsylvania $11,931 2855 Marianna, Pennsylvania $11,925 2856 Thompson, Pennsylvania $11,896 2857 Gibson Township, Cameron County, Pennsylvania $11,888 2858 Harmony Township, Forest County, Pennsylvania $11,831 2859 Ursina, Pennsylvania $11,814 2860 Irvona, Pennsylvania $11,785 2861 Cherry Tree, Pennsylvania $11,742 2862 Freeport Township, Pennsylvania $11,731 2863 Renovo, Pennsylvania $11,709 2864 Vintondale, Pennsylvania $11,689 2865 Roseville, Pennsylvania $11,683 2866 York Haven, Pennsylvania $11,676 2867 Brothersvalley Township, Pennsylvania $11,611 2868 Ulysses, Pennsylvania $11,602 2869 Newton Hamilton, Pennsylvania $11,584 2870 Wallaceton, Pennsylvania $11,571 2871 St. Clairsville, Pennsylvania $11,542 2872 Foster Township, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania $11,538 2873 Nemacolin, Pennsylvania $11,501 2874 Millstone Township, Pennsylvania $11,462 2875 Alba, Pennsylvania $11,453 2876 Rainsburg, Pennsylvania $11,448 2877 East Fork, Pennsylvania $11,447 2878 Greenville Township, Pennsylvania $11,445 2879 Hopewell, Bedford County, Pennsylvania $11,438 2880 Utica, Pennsylvania $11,435 2881 Hector Township, Pennsylvania $11,408 2882 Buck Run, Pennsylvania $11,397 2883 Kistler, Pennsylvania $11,365 2884 Mahaffey, Pennsylvania $11,320 2885 Pleasantville, Bedford County, Pennsylvania $11,312 2886 East Fallowfield Township, Crawford County, Pennsylvania $11,233 2887 Mill Creek, Pennsylvania $11,177 2888 Slippery Rock Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania $11,129 2889 Findley Township, Pennsylvania $11,052 2890 Mansfield, Pennsylvania $11,042 2891 Ehrenfeld, Pennsylvania $11,037 2892 Penns Creek, Pennsylvania $11,029 2893 Sparta Township, Pennsylvania $10,998 2894 Reade Township, Pennsylvania $10,989 2895 Colley Township, Pennsylvania $10,979 2896 Ernest, Pennsylvania $10,951 2897 Garrett, Pennsylvania $10,935 2898 Westover, Pennsylvania $10,866 2899 Clarion, Pennsylvania $10,832 2900 Grapeville, Pennsylvania $10,824 2901 Chest Township, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania $10,760 2902 Lincolnville, Pennsylvania $10,659 2903 McNett Township, Pennsylvania $10,556 2904 Springhill Township, Greene County, Pennsylvania $10,364 2905 Bear Lake, Pennsylvania $10,329 2906 Menno Township, Pennsylvania $10,303 2907 Ohiopyle, Pennsylvania $10,247 2908 Coaldale, Bedford County, Pennsylvania $10,072 2909 Burnside, Pennsylvania $9,993 2910 Rankin, Pennsylvania $9,946 2911 Locustdale, Pennsylvania $9,945 2912 Lafayette Township, Pennsylvania $9,699 2913 Brady Township, Clarion County, Pennsylvania $9,624 2914 Shade Gap, Pennsylvania $9,557 2915 Commodore, Pennsylvania $9,502 2916 New Washington, Pennsylvania $9,121 2917 Cold Spring Township, Pennsylvania $8,792 2918 Shippensburg Township, Pennsylvania $8,712 2919 Smithfield Township, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania $8,109 2920 Conneaut Township, Erie County, Pennsylvania $7,971 2921 Loretto, Pennsylvania $7,125 2922 West Mahoning Township, Pennsylvania $6,907 2923 Atlantic, Pennsylvania $6,534 2924 Howe Township, Forest County, Pennsylvania $5,223", "KUFO (AM) __knowledge__ KUFO (970 kHz) is a commercial AM radio station owned by Alpha Media and licensed to Portland, Oregon.", "KUFO (AM) __knowledge__ The station, owned by Alpha Media calls itself \"Freedom 970.\"", "KUFO (AM) __knowledge__ Since June 2008, it has featured a talk radio format.", "KUFO (AM) __knowledge__ KUFO's offices and studios are on Southwest 5th Avenue in Portland.", "KUFO (AM) __knowledge__ Its transmitter is in Portland's west hills.", "KUFO (AM) __knowledge__ KUFO broadcasts with 5,000 watts around the clock.", "KUFO (AM) __knowledge__ By day, the signal is non-directional but at night, KUFO uses a directional signal to protect other stations on 970 kHz.", "KUFO (AM) __knowledge__ KUFO features mostly nationally syndicated talk shows.", "KUFO (AM) __knowledge__ Weekends feature shows on money, the outdoors, real estate and firearms.", "List of Los Angeles municipal election returns __knowledge__ This is an incomplete list of Los Angeles municipal election returns.", "List of Los Angeles municipal election returns __knowledge__ In general, they are the semiofficial returns as provided to the public by the city clerk's office.", "List of Los Angeles municipal election returns __knowledge__ The list does not include municipal judgeships, Board of Education races, boards of freeholders nor propositions, which can be found in the sources cited.", "List of Los Angeles municipal election returns __knowledge__ Mayor Edward F. Spence (Republican) 2.073?", "List of Los Angeles municipal election returns __knowledge__ (elected) / Cameron E. Thom (Democrat) 1,519?", "List of Los Angeles municipal election returns __knowledge__ / Hamilton (Greenback) 108?", "List of Los Angeles municipal election returns __knowledge__ / Greene (People's) 86 City attorney James Wilfred McKinley (Republican) 1,947 (elected) / H.K.S.", "List of Los Angeles municipal election returns __knowledge__ O'Melveny (Democrat) 1,778 / Blanchard (People's) 96 Assessor, tax collector and treasurer, see \"The City Election,\" \"Los Angeles Times,\" December 3, 1884, page 4 lst Yelsir (Democrat) 422 (elected) / Gherkins (Democrat) 305 / Hanly (People's) 24 / Cuyas (Independent) 24 2nd Holbrook (Republican) 573 (elected) / Northcraft (Democrat) 476 (elected) / Bonebrake (Republican) 458 / and three others 3rd Brown (Republican) 514 (elected) / Mesmer (Democrat) 384 / Palmer (People's) 38 4th Milton Santee (Republican) 326 (elected) / James D. Bullis (Republican) 305 (elected) / Woodworth (Democrat) 243 / and two others 5th Hiram Sinsabaugh (Republican) 268 (elected) / Rickenback (Democrat) 140 / McArthur (People's) 14 1st G.L.", "PowerPC 970 __knowledge__ The PowerPC 970, PowerPC 970FX, PowerPC 970GX, and PowerPC 970MP, are 64-bit Power Architecture processors from IBM introduced in 2002.", "PowerPC 970 __knowledge__ When used in Apple Inc. machines, they were dubbed the PowerPC G5.", "PowerPC 970 __knowledge__ The 970 family was created through a collaboration between IBM and Apple.", "PowerPC 970 __knowledge__ The project went under the codename GP-UL or Giga Processor Ultra Light, where Giga Processor was the codename for the POWER4 from which the core was derived.", "PowerPC 970 __knowledge__ When Apple introduced the Power Mac G5, they stated that this was a five-year collaborative effort, with multiple future generations, but it was short-lived.", "PowerPC 970 __knowledge__ Apple had to retract the promise to deliver a 3 GHz processor one year after its introduction, and IBM could never get the power consumption down far enough for these processors to fit into a portable computer.", "Paterson, New Jersey __knowledge__ Paterson is the largest city in and the county seat of Passaic County, New Jersey, United States.", "Paterson, New Jersey __knowledge__ As of the 2010 United States Census, its population was 146,199, rendering it New Jersey's third-most-populous city.", "Paterson, New Jersey __knowledge__ Paterson has the second-highest density of any U.S. city with over 100,000 people, behind only New York City.", "Paterson, New Jersey __knowledge__ For 2015, the Census Bureau's Population Estimates Program calculated a population of 147,754, an increase of 1.1% from the 2010 enumeration, ranking the city the 177th-largest in the nation.", "Paterson, New Jersey __knowledge__ Paterson is known as the \"Silk City\" for its dominant role in silk production during the latter half of the 19th century.", "Nokia Lumia 925 __knowledge__ Nokia Lumia 925 is a smartphone developed by Nokia that runs Microsoft's Windows Phone 8 operating system.", "Nokia Lumia 925 __knowledge__ It was announced on 14 May 2013, described as a \"new interpretation\" of the Nokia Lumia 920, and released in June 2013.", "Nokia Lumia 925 __knowledge__ A separate 925T version was announced for the TD-SCDMA networks in China.", "Nokia Lumia 925 __knowledge__ The Nokia Lumia 930, successor to the Lumia 920 and 925, was announced at Build 2014 on 2 April 2014.", "Nokia Lumia 925 __knowledge__ Compared to the Nokia Lumia 920, the Lumia 925 is both thinner and lighter, at 8.5 mm thick and weighing 139 g. The body is no longer fully made of polycarbonate, instead having a rounded aluminium frame.", "Tomislav of Croatia __knowledge__ Tomislav (, ) was the first King of Croatia.", "Tomislav of Croatia __knowledge__ He became Duke of Croatia in 910, was elevated to kingship by 925 and reigned until 928.", "Tomislav of Croatia __knowledge__ At the time of his rule Croatia forged an alliance with the Byzantines during their struggle with the Bulgarian Empire, with whom Croatia eventually went to war that culminated in the decisive Battle of the Bosnian Highlands in 926.", "Tomislav of Croatia __knowledge__ To the north there were often conflicts with the Principality of Hungary.", "Tomislav of Croatia __knowledge__ Croatia kept its borders and to some extent expanded on the disintegrated Pannonian Duchy.", "Tomislav of Croatia __knowledge__ Tomislav attended the Church Council of Split in 925, convened by Pope John X to discuss the use of Slavic language in liturgy and the ecclesiastical jurisdiction over Croatia and the Byzantine Theme of Dalmatia." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mexico __knowledge__ Mexico (; ; , ), officially the United Mexican States (, ), is a federal republic in the southern portion of North America.", "Mexico __knowledge__ It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and to the east by the Gulf of Mexico.", "Mexico __knowledge__ Covering almost two million square kilometers (over 760,000 sq mi), the nation is the sixth largest country in the Americas by total area and the 13th largest independent state in the world.", "Mexico __knowledge__ With an estimated population of over 120 million, the country is the eleventh most populous and the most populous Spanish-speaking state in the world while being the second most populous nation in Latin America.", "Mexico __knowledge__ Mexico is a federation comprising 31 states and a special federal entity that is also its capital and most populous city.", "Mexico __knowledge__ Other metropolises include Guadalajara, León, Monterrey, Puebla, Toluca, and Tijuana.", "Mexico __knowledge__ Pre-Columbian Mexico dates to approximately 8,000 BC, is identified as one of seven cradles of civilization and was home to many advanced Mesoamerican civilizations, such as the Olmec, Toltec, Teotihuacan, Zapotec, Maya and Aztec before first contact with Europeans.", "Mexico __knowledge__ In 1521, the Spanish Empire conquered and colonized the territory from its politically powerful base in Mexico-Tenochtitlan, which was administered as the viceroyalty of New Spain.", "Andrei Diev __knowledge__ Andrei Borisovich Diev (), born July 7, 1958, Minsk, (Belorussia) - Russian pianist, Meritorious Artist (1995).", "Andrei Diev __knowledge__ Andrei Diev was born into a family with a strong musical tradition.", "Andrei Diev __knowledge__ His mother was a pianist, his father was a conductor (both graduated from the Moscow Conservatory), and Diev began his piano studies with his grandmother.", "Andrei Diev __knowledge__ He studied music began in Gnessin School in 1965, transferred to the Moscow Central Music School of the Moscow Conservatory in 1973 to study with professor Lev Naumov and continued his studies with Naumov when he entered to the Moscow Conservatory in 1975 (graduated in 1981).", "Todor Diev __knowledge__ Todor Nedyalkov Diev () (28 January 1934 – 6 January 1995) was a Bulgarian footballer, part of the Bulgarian squad that won the bronze medals in the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne.", "Todor Diev __knowledge__ Diev began his career at the local Spartak Plovdiv.", "Todor Diev __knowledge__ He made his professional debut in 1950 and since then he played in 308 matches and scored 146 goals.", "Todor Diev __knowledge__ He had a brief period in Spartak Sofia in 1952–1953.", "Todor Diev __knowledge__ He won the Bulgarian A Professional Football Group in 1963 and the Soviet Army Cup in 1958.", "Todor Diev __knowledge__ Diev was crowned as championship top scorer for three times in 1955, 1962 and 1963.", "Todor Diev __knowledge__ He is one of the legends of Spartak Plovdiv.", "Todor Diev Stadium __knowledge__ Todor Diev Stadium () is a football stadium in Plovdiv, Bulgaria, located in the south urban area of Kichuk Parizh.", "Todor Diev Stadium __knowledge__ The stadium opened in 1926 as a multi-sport venue of the domestic sport giant Botev Plovdiv.", "Todor Diev Stadium __knowledge__ In 1949 the stadium was nationalized by the communist authorities and later same year was given to the recently established FC Spartak Plovdiv.", "Todor Diev Stadium __knowledge__ The stadium was redeveloped in the period 1982–84.", "Todor Diev Stadium __knowledge__ Presently the stadium holds 3,500 people and continues to be the home ground of Spartak.", "Todor Diev Stadium __knowledge__ The stadium is named after Todor Diev, the greatest player in Spartak's history.", "Todor Diev Stadium __knowledge__ The stadium's highest recorded attendance of 11,353 was in a Bulgarian Cup semi-final game against Blagoevgrad`s FC Pirin (0:0) on 27 April 1994.", "Serbo-Croatian __knowledge__ Serbo-Croatian , also called Serbo-Croat , Serbo-Croat-Bosnian (SCB), Bosnian-Croatian-Serbian (BCS), or Bosnian-Croatian-Montenegrin-Serbian (BCMS), is a South Slavic language and the primary language of Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Montenegro.", "Serbo-Croatian __knowledge__ It is a pluricentric language with four mutually intelligible standard varieties.", "Serbo-Croatian __knowledge__ South Slavic dialects historically formed a continuum.", "Serbo-Croatian __knowledge__ The turbulent history of the area, particularly due to expansion of the Ottoman Empire, resulted in a patchwork of dialectal and religious differences.", "Serbo-Croatian __knowledge__ Due to population migrations, Shtokavian became the most widespread in the western Balkans, intruding westwards into the area previously occupied by Chakavian and Kajkavian (which further blend into Slovenian in the northwest).", "Han unification __knowledge__ Han unification is an effort by the authors of Unicode and the Universal Character Set to map multiple character sets of the so-called CJK languages into a single set of unified characters.", "Han unification __knowledge__ Han characters are a common feature of written Chinese (hanzi), Japanese (kanji), and Korean (hanja).", "Han unification __knowledge__ Modern Chinese, Japanese and Korean typefaces typically use regional or historical variants of a given Han character.", "Han unification __knowledge__ In the formulation of Unicode, an attempt was made to unify these variants by considering them different glyphs representing the same \"grapheme\", or orthographic unit, hence, \"Han unification\", with the resulting character repertoire sometimes contracted to Unihan.", "Armenians __knowledge__ Armenians (, \"hayer\" ) are an ethnic group native to the Armenian Highlands.", "Armenians __knowledge__ Armenians constitute the main population of Armenia and the \"de facto\" independent Artsakh.", "Armenians __knowledge__ There is a wide-ranging diaspora of around 5 million people of full or partial Armenian ancestry living outside modern Armenia.", "Armenians __knowledge__ The largest Armenian populations today exist in Russia, the United States, France, Georgia, Iran, Germany, Ukraine, Lebanon, Brazil and Syria.", "Armenians __knowledge__ With the exceptions of Iran and the former Soviet states, the present-day Armenian diaspora was formed mainly as a result of the Armenian Genocide.", "Armenians __knowledge__ Most Armenians adhere to the Armenian Apostolic Church, a non-Chalcedonian church, which is also the world's oldest national church.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ Multilingualism is the use of more than one language, either by an individual speaker or by a community of speakers.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ It is believed that multilingual speakers outnumber monolingual speakers in the world's population.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ More than half of all Europeans claim to speak at least one language other than their mother tongue.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ Multilingualism is becoming a social phenomenon governed by the needs of globalization and cultural openness.", "Multilingualism __knowledge__ Owing to the ease of access to information facilitated by the Internet, individuals' exposure to multiple languages is becoming increasingly frequent, thereby promoting a need to acquire additional languages.", "History of agriculture __knowledge__ The history of agriculture records the domestication of plants and animals and the development and dissemination of techniques for raising them productively.", "History of agriculture __knowledge__ Agriculture began independently in different parts of the globe, and included a diverse range of taxa.", "History of agriculture __knowledge__ At least eleven separate regions of the Old and New World were involved as independent centers of origin.", "History of agriculture __knowledge__ Wild grains were collected and eaten from at least 20,000 BC.", "History of agriculture __knowledge__ From around 9,500 BC, the eight Neolithic founder crops—emmer wheat, einkorn wheat, hulled barley, peas, lentils, bitter vetch, chick peas, and flax—were cultivated in the Levant.", "History of Africa __knowledge__ The history of Africa begins with the emergence of \"Homo sapiens\" in East Africa, and continues into the present as a patchwork of diverse and politically developing nation states.", "History of Africa __knowledge__ The recorded history of early civilization arose in the Kingdom of Kush, and later in Ancient Egypt, the Sahel, the Maghreb and the Horn of Africa.", "History of Africa __knowledge__ During the Middle Ages, Islam spread west from Arabia to Egypt, crossing the Maghreb and the Sahel.", "History of Africa __knowledge__ Some notable pre-colonial states and societies in Africa include the Ajuran Empire, D'mt, Adal Sultanate, Warsangali Sultanate, Kingdom of Nri, Nok culture, Mali Empire, Songhai Empire, Benin Empire, Ashanti Empire, Ghana Empire, Mossi Kingdoms, Mutapa Empire, Kingdom of Mapungubwe, Kingdom of Sine, Kingdom of Sennar, Kingdom of Saloum, Kingdom of Baol, Kingdom of Cayor, Kingdom of Zimbabwe, Kingdom of Kongo, Empire of Kaabu, Ancient Carthage, Numidia, Mauretania, and the Aksumite Empire.", "Prehistoric Iberia __knowledge__ The prehistory of the Iberian Peninsula begins with the arrival of the first hominins 1.2 million years ago and ends with the Punic Wars, when the territory enters the domains of written history.", "Prehistoric Iberia __knowledge__ In this long period, some of its most significant landmarks were to host the last stand of the Neanderthal people, to develop some of the most impressive Paleolithic art, alongside southern France, to be the seat of the earliest civilizations of Western Europe and finally to become a most desired colonial objective due to its strategic position and its many mineral riches.", "Prehistoric Iberia __knowledge__ Hominin inhabitation of the Iberian Peninsula dates from the Paleolithic.", "Archaeology and the Book of Mormon __knowledge__ Since the publication of the Book of Mormon in 1830, Mormon archaeologists have attempted to find archaeological evidence to support it.", "Archaeology and the Book of Mormon __knowledge__ Members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) and other denominations of the Latter Day Saint movement generally believe that the Book of Mormon describes ancient historical events in the Americas, but historians and archaeologists do not regard it as a work of ancient American history.", "Archaeology and the Book of Mormon __knowledge__ The Book of Mormon describes God's dealings with three civilizations in the Americas over the course of several hundred years.", "Archaeology and the Book of Mormon __knowledge__ The book primarily deals with the Nephites and the Lamanites, who it states existed in the Americas from about 600 BC to about AD 400.", "History of the horse in Britain __knowledge__ The known history of the horse in Britain starts with horse remains found in Pakefield, Suffolk, dating from 700,000 BC, and in Boxgrove, West Sussex, dating from 500,000 BC.", "History of the horse in Britain __knowledge__ Early humans were active hunters of horses, and finds from the Ice Age have been recovered from many sites.", "History of the horse in Britain __knowledge__ At that time, land which now forms the British Isles was part of a peninsula attached to continental Europe by a low-lying area now known as \"Doggerland\", and land animals could migrate freely between what is now island Britain and continental Europe.", "History of the horse in Britain __knowledge__ The domestication of horses, and their use to pull vehicles, had begun in Britain by 2500 BC; by the time of the Roman conquest of Britain, British tribes could assemble armies which included thousands of chariots.", "History of Ecuador __knowledge__ The History of Ecuador extends over an 8,000-year period.", "History of Ecuador __knowledge__ During this time a variety of cultures and territories influenced what has become the Republic of Ecuador.", "History of Ecuador __knowledge__ The history can be divided into five eras: Pre-Columbian, the Conquest, the Colonial Period, the War of Independence, Gran Colombia, and Simón Bolívar the final separation of his vision into what is known today as the Republic of Ecuador.", "History of Ecuador __knowledge__ During the pre-Inca period, people lived in ans, which formed great tribes, some allied with each other to form powerful confederations, as the Confederation of Quito.", "History of Ecuador __knowledge__ But none of these confederations could resist the formidable momentum of the Tawantinsuyu." ] ]

[ 1, 16, 7, 4 ]

[ "Have you been to Mexico?is a federal republic in the southern portion of North America", "Yeah ,really a large city center,it has a population of about 925,970. ,has a population of about 925,970.", "Interestingly, the Pre-Columbian Mexico dates to approximately 8,000 BC, i", "Morso,their predominant language is Spanish. an estimated population of over 120 million, the country is the eleventh most populous and the most populous Spanish-speaking state" ]

[ "Mexico", "Mexico", "Mexico", "Mexico" ]

[ "Kindergarten", "Yeah i actually went to kindergarden as a kid do you know some contries taht use this concept", "i dint know they had it in eaurope as well i thought it was more of a us thing hahah", "interesting i never imagined that it had originated in europe." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Kindergarten __knowledge__ Kindergarten (; from German , which literally means \"garden for the children\") is a preschool educational approach traditionally based on playing, singing, practical activities such as drawing, and social interaction as part of the transition from home to school.", "Kindergarten __knowledge__ At first such institutions were created in the late 18th century in Bavaria and Strasbourg to serve children whose parents both worked out of the home.", "Kindergarten __knowledge__ The term was coined by the German Friedrich Fröbel, whose approach globally influenced early-years education.", "Kindergarten __knowledge__ Today, the term is used in many countries to describe a variety of educational institutions and learning spaces for children ranging from two to seven years of age, based on a variety of teaching methods.", "Kindergarten __knowledge__ In 1779, Johann Friedrich Oberlin and Louise Scheppler founded in Strasbourg an early establishment for caring for and educating pre-school children whose parents were absent during the day.", "Kindergarten __knowledge__ At about the same time, in 1780, similar infant establishments were established in Bavaria.", "Kindergarten __knowledge__ In 1802, Princess Pauline zur Lippe established a preschool center in Detmold, the capital of the then principality of Lippe, Germany (now in the State of North Rhine-Westphalia).", "Kindergarten __knowledge__ In 1816, Robert Owen, a philosopher and pedagogue, opened the first British and probably globally the first infants school in New Lanark, Scotland." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Kindergarten __knowledge__ Kindergarten (; from German , which literally means \"garden for the children\") is a preschool educational approach traditionally based on playing, singing, practical activities such as drawing, and social interaction as part of the transition from home to school.", "Kindergarten __knowledge__ At first such institutions were created in the late 18th century in Bavaria and Strasbourg to serve children whose parents both worked out of the home.", "Kindergarten __knowledge__ The term was coined by the German Friedrich Fröbel, whose approach globally influenced early-years education.", "Kindergarten __knowledge__ Today, the term is used in many countries to describe a variety of educational institutions and learning spaces for children ranging from two to seven years of age, based on a variety of teaching methods.", "Kindergarten __knowledge__ In 1779, Johann Friedrich Oberlin and Louise Scheppler founded in Strasbourg an early establishment for caring for and educating pre-school children whose parents were absent during the day.", "Kindergarten __knowledge__ At about the same time, in 1780, similar infant establishments were established in Bavaria.", "Kindergarten __knowledge__ In 1802, Princess Pauline zur Lippe established a preschool center in Detmold, the capital of the then principality of Lippe, Germany (now in the State of North Rhine-Westphalia).", "Kindergarten __knowledge__ In 1816, Robert Owen, a philosopher and pedagogue, opened the first British and probably globally the first infants school in New Lanark, Scotland.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Taht-el-kale, Nicosia __knowledge__ Taht-el-kale is a neighbourhood, quarter, Mahalla or Parish of Nicosia, Cyprus and the mosque situated therein.", "Taht-el-kale, Nicosia __knowledge__ At the last Census (2011) it had a population of 826, an increase from a population of 611 in 2001.", "Taht-el-kale, Nicosia __knowledge__ It covers 28 streets in the eastern part of the municipal area of Nicosia, within and without the walls.", "Taht-el-kale, Nicosia __knowledge__ The population in 1946 was 1,433 consisting of 902 Greek Cypriots, 518 Turkish Cypriots and 13 others.", "Taht-el-kale, Nicosia __knowledge__ Taht-el-kale is the neighbourhood, near Famagusta Gate.", "Taht-el-kale, Nicosia __knowledge__ The Ottomans named it as \"Taht-el-kale\", meaning the lower part of the fortress, i.e.", "Taht-el-kale, Nicosia __knowledge__ Famagusta Gate.", "Taht-el-kale, Nicosia __knowledge__ But the word was corrupted as \"Tahtakale or Tahtagala\", meaning wooden fortress.", "Kindergarden (demoparty) __knowledge__ Kindergarden (KG) is an annual demo party first organized in 1994 in Fjellfoten, Norway.", "Kindergarden (demoparty) __knowledge__ During the first few years it was held irregularly, eventually settling into being an annual event.", "Kindergarden (demoparty) __knowledge__ Since 2001 it has been held in Haga, Norway, the location also used for Kindergarden 4 and 5.", "Kindergarden (demoparty) __knowledge__ Kindergarden is currently the oldest, still running demoparty which purely focuses on the demoscene, only beaten by the three big computer-parties Assembly, The Gathering and Euskal Encounter.", "Kindergarden (demoparty) __knowledge__ Kindergarden started out as a small get-together between friends that culminated into Kindergarden 1 being organized at a small kindergarten at Fjellfoten, Norway, 24.-25.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Confessions is the fourth studio album by American singer Usher.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ It was released on March 23, 2004, by Arista Records.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Recording sessions for the album took place during 2003 to 2004, with its production handled by his longtime collaborator Jermaine Dupri, along with Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis and Lil Jon, among others.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Primarily an R&B album, \"Confessions\" showcases Usher as a crooner through a mixture of ballads and up-tempos, incorporating musical genres of dance-pop, hip hop and crunk.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ The album's themes generated controversy about Usher's personal relationships; however, the album's primary producer Jermaine Dupri claimed the album reflects Dupri's own personal story.", "Tunisian Arabic __knowledge__ Tunisian Arabic, or Tunisian, is a set of dialects of Maghrebi Arabic spoken in Tunisia.", "Tunisian Arabic __knowledge__ It is known by its 11 million speakers as \"Tounsi\" () \"Tunisian\" or \"Derja\" \"everyday language\" to distinguish it from Modern Standard Arabic, the official language of Tunisia.", "Tunisian Arabic __knowledge__ As part of a dialect continuum, Tunisian merges into Algerian Arabic and Libyan Arabic at the borders of the country.", "Tunisian Arabic __knowledge__ Tunisian Arabic's morphology, syntax, pronunciation, and vocabulary are considerably different from Modern Standard Arabic or Classical Arabic to such an extent that it is not mutually intelligible with either.", "Tunisian Arabic __knowledge__ Like other Maghrebi dialects, it has a vocabulary that is mostly Arabic with a significant Berber, Latin and possibly Neo-Punic substratum.", "Preschool __knowledge__ A preschool, also known as nursery school, pre-primary school, playschool or kindergarten, is an educational establishment or learning space offering early childhood education to children before they begin compulsory education at primary school.", "Preschool __knowledge__ It may be publicly or privately operated, and may be subsidized from public funds.", "Preschool __knowledge__ Terminology varies by country.", "Preschool __knowledge__ In some European countries the term \"kindergarten\" refers to formal education of children classified as \"ISCED level 0\" - with one or several years of such education being compulsory - before children start primary school at \"ISCED level 1\".", "York City School District __knowledge__ The School District of the City of York is a large, urban, public school district serving the City of York, Pennsylvania in York County, Pennsylvania.", "York City School District __knowledge__ The district encompasses approximately .", "York City School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, it serves a resident population of 40,968.", "York City School District __knowledge__ In 2010, the District's population rose to 43,769 people.", "York City School District __knowledge__ The educational attainment levels for the School District of the City of York population (25 years old and over) were 73.2% high school graduates and 9.6% college graduates.", "York City School District __knowledge__ In 2009, the District residents’ per capita income was $13,433, while the median family income was $30,712.", "Chester Upland School District __knowledge__ The Chester Upland School District is a midsized, urban public school district serving the City of Chester, the Borough of Upland and Chester Township in Delaware County, Pennsylvania.", "Chester Upland School District __knowledge__ The Chester-Upland School District, headquartered on the first floor of Chester High School, encompasses approximately .", "Chester Upland School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, it served a resident population of 44,435.", "Chester Upland School District __knowledge__ In 2009, the District residents' per capita income was $13,521, while the median family income was $30,900.", "Chester Upland School District __knowledge__ In the Commonwealth, the median family income was $49,501 and the United States median family income was $49,445, in 2010.", "Madeline (video game series) __knowledge__ Madeline is a series of educational point-and-click adventure video games developed in the mid 1990s for Windows and Mac systems.", "Madeline (video game series) __knowledge__ The series is an extension of the \"Madeline\" franchise, a series of children's books written by Ludwig Bemelmans, which feature the adventures of a young French heroine named Madeline.", "Madeline (video game series) __knowledge__ The series was produced concurrently with the TV series of the same name and featured characters and voice actors from the show.", "Madeline (video game series) __knowledge__ The setup of each game has Madeline, the main character, guiding the young player through educational minigames.", "Madeline (video game series) __knowledge__ Activities involve various subjects such as: reading comprehension, mathematics, problem-solving, basic French and Spanish vocabulary, and cultural studies.", "Pre-kindergarten __knowledge__ Pre-kindergarten (also called Pre-K or PK) is a classroom-based preschool program for children below the age of five in the United States, Canada and Turkey (when kindergarten starts).", "Pre-kindergarten __knowledge__ It may be delivered through a preschool or within a reception year in elementary school.", "Pre-kindergarten __knowledge__ Pre-kindergartens play an important role in early childhood education.", "Pre-kindergarten __knowledge__ They have existed in the US since 1922, normally run by private organizations.", "Pre-kindergarten __knowledge__ The U.S. Head Start program, the country's first federally funded pre-kindergarten program, was founded in 1967.", "Pre-kindergarten __knowledge__ This attempts to prepare children (especially disadvantaged children) to succeed in school.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ Education in the United States is provided by public, private and home schools.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ State governments set overall educational standards, often mandate standardized tests for K–12 public school systems and supervise, usually through a board of regents, state colleges and universities.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ Funding comes from the state, local, and federal government.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ Private schools are generally free to determine their own curriculum and staffing policies, with voluntary accreditation available through independent regional accreditation authorities, although some state regulation can apply.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ In 2013, about 87% of school-age children (those below higher education) attended state funded public schools, about 10% attended tuition- and foundation-funded private schools and roughly 3% were home-schooled." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Kindergarten __knowledge__ Kindergarten (; from German , which literally means \"garden for the children\") is a preschool educational approach traditionally based on playing, singing, practical activities such as drawing, and social interaction as part of the transition from home to school.", "Kindergarten __knowledge__ At first such institutions were created in the late 18th century in Bavaria and Strasbourg to serve children whose parents both worked out of the home.", "Kindergarten __knowledge__ The term was coined by the German Friedrich Fröbel, whose approach globally influenced early-years education.", "Kindergarten __knowledge__ Today, the term is used in many countries to describe a variety of educational institutions and learning spaces for children ranging from two to seven years of age, based on a variety of teaching methods.", "Kindergarten __knowledge__ In 1779, Johann Friedrich Oberlin and Louise Scheppler founded in Strasbourg an early establishment for caring for and educating pre-school children whose parents were absent during the day.", "Kindergarten __knowledge__ At about the same time, in 1780, similar infant establishments were established in Bavaria.", "Kindergarten __knowledge__ In 1802, Princess Pauline zur Lippe established a preschool center in Detmold, the capital of the then principality of Lippe, Germany (now in the State of North Rhine-Westphalia).", "Kindergarten __knowledge__ In 1816, Robert Owen, a philosopher and pedagogue, opened the first British and probably globally the first infants school in New Lanark, Scotland.", "Al-Taqaddum Air Base __knowledge__ Al Taqaddum Airbase (), or Al Taqaddum AB , (Called TQ in military shorthand slang), is an airbase that is located in central Iraq, approximately 74 kilometers west of Baghdad, at Habbaniyah.", "Al-Taqaddum Air Base __knowledge__ The airfield is served by two runways 13,000 and long.", "Al-Taqaddum Air Base __knowledge__ Since 2004, it has been known as Camp Taqaddum.", "Al-Taqaddum Air Base __knowledge__ (\"Taqaddum\" is an Arabic word which means \"progress\".)", "Al-Taqaddum Air Base __knowledge__ The airbase was originally built by the RAF in 1952 as the subsidiary PLATEAU AIRFIELD of nearby RAF Habbaniya, whose runway was inadequate for the larger long range and jet aircraft being introduced.", "Al-Taqaddum Air Base __knowledge__ The original RAF runway was subsequently extended by the Iraqis and a parallel runway added.", "Marine Wing Support Squadron 373 __knowledge__ The Marine Wing Support Squadron 373 (MWSS 373) is an aviation ground support unit of the United States Marine Corps.", "Marine Wing Support Squadron 373 __knowledge__ They are based out of Marine Corps Air Station Miramar, California.", "Marine Wing Support Squadron 373 __knowledge__ The squadron is part of Marine Aircraft Group 11 and the 3rd Marine Aircraft Wing.", "Marine Wing Support Squadron 373 __knowledge__ Provide all essential aviation ground requirements to a designated fixed-wing component of a Marine Aviation Combat Element or to supplement air base facilities and services provided by a Marine Corps Air Station, when based thereon.", "Marine Wing Support Squadron 373 __knowledge__ This includes motor vehicle support, mobile electric power, heavy equipment, tactical aviation refueling, essential runway services, and second echelon maintenance.", "Jean-Pierre Decool __knowledge__ Jean-Pierre Decool (born October 19, 1952 in Bourbourg, Nord) is a member of the National Assembly of France.", "Jean-Pierre Decool __knowledge__ He represents the Nord department, and is a member of the Union for a Popular Movement.", "Jean-Pierre Decool __knowledge__ In 2012, Decool said that the French army must breed more carrier pigeons, claiming that the Chinese army had decided to ramp up its own carrier pigeon training efforts.", "Jean-Pierre Decool __knowledge__ Decool said that carrier pigeons could play a key role in a crisis in which other communications systems started breaking down.", "Jean-Pierre Decool __knowledge__ His statements were widely reported in the media.", "William Colbeck (gangster) __knowledge__ William \"Dint\" Colbeck (November 17, 1890 – February 17, 1943) was a St. Louis politician and organized crime figure involved in bootlegging and illegal gambling.", "William Colbeck (gangster) __knowledge__ He succeeded William Egan as head of the Egan's Rats bootlegging gang in the early 1920s.", "William Colbeck (gangster) __knowledge__ Born in North St. Louis to Irish-American parents, Colbeck joined Egan's Rats in his late teens.", "William Colbeck (gangster) __knowledge__ In between his gangster jobs, Colbeck trained to work as a plumber.", "William Colbeck (gangster) __knowledge__ His work in this field resulted in his nickname of \"Dinty\" or \"Dint\", as he was most usually called by associates.", "William Colbeck (gangster) __knowledge__ After the outbreak of World War I, Colbeck joined the U.S. Army in April 1918 and fought as an infantryman with the 89th Infantry Division in France.", "VMM-161 __knowledge__ Marine Medium Tiltrotor Squadron 161 (VMM-161) is a United States Marine Corps transport squadron consisting of MV-22 Osprey tiltrotor aircraft.", "VMM-161 __knowledge__ The squadron, known as the \"Greyhawks\", is based at Marine Corps Air Station Miramar, California and falls under the command of Marine Aircraft Group 16 (MAG-16) and the 3rd Marine Aircraft Wing (3rd MAW).", "VMM-161 __knowledge__ The squadron has the distinction of being the first helicopter transport squadron in the world.", "VMM-161 __knowledge__ The squadron was activated on January 15, 1951 at Marine Corps Air Station El Toro, California, as Marine Helicopter Transport Squadron 161 (HMR-161) Air Fleet Marine Force Pacific, the squadron moved a month later to Marine Corps Air Facility, Santa Ana, California to train on their new helicopter, the Sikorsky HRS-1.", "Al Jean __knowledge__ Alfred Ernest \"Al\" Jean III (born January 9, 1961) is an American screenwriter and producer.", "Al Jean __knowledge__ Jean is well known for his work on \"The Simpsons\".", "Al Jean __knowledge__ He was born and raised in Detroit, Michigan and graduated from Harvard University in 1981.", "Al Jean __knowledge__ Jean began his writing career in the 1980s with fellow Harvard alum Mike Reiss.", "Al Jean __knowledge__ Together, they worked as writers and producers on television shows such as \"The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson\", \"ALF\" and \"It's Garry Shandling's Show\".", "Al Jean __knowledge__ Jean was offered a job as a writer on the animated sitcom \"The Simpsons\" in 1989, alongside Reiss, and together they became the first members of the original writing staff of the show.", "Swervedriver __knowledge__ Swervedriver are an English alternative rock band formed in Oxford in 1989 around core members Adam Franklin and Jimmy Hartridge.", "Swervedriver __knowledge__ Between 1989 and 1998, the band released four studio albums and numerous EPs and singles despite a considerable flux of members, managers, and record labels.", "Swervedriver __knowledge__ By 1993 the band’s lineup had settled with Franklin on vocals/guitar, Hartridge on guitar, Jez Hindmarsh on drums, and Steve George on bass.", "Swervedriver __knowledge__ They had emerged with a heavier rock sound than their shoegaze contemporaries, and over the next five years it evolved to include elements of psychedelia, classic pop, and indie rock.", "York City School District __knowledge__ The School District of the City of York is a large, urban, public school district serving the City of York, Pennsylvania in York County, Pennsylvania.", "York City School District __knowledge__ The district encompasses approximately .", "York City School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, it serves a resident population of 40,968.", "York City School District __knowledge__ In 2010, the District's population rose to 43,769 people.", "York City School District __knowledge__ The educational attainment levels for the School District of the City of York population (25 years old and over) were 73.2% high school graduates and 9.6% college graduates.", "York City School District __knowledge__ In 2009, the District residents’ per capita income was $13,433, while the median family income was $30,712.", "Preschool __knowledge__ A preschool, also known as nursery school, pre-primary school, playschool or kindergarten, is an educational establishment or learning space offering early childhood education to children before they begin compulsory education at primary school.", "Preschool __knowledge__ It may be publicly or privately operated, and may be subsidized from public funds.", "Preschool __knowledge__ Terminology varies by country.", "Preschool __knowledge__ In some European countries the term \"kindergarten\" refers to formal education of children classified as \"ISCED level 0\" - with one or several years of such education being compulsory - before children start primary school at \"ISCED level 1\".", "Chester Upland School District __knowledge__ The Chester Upland School District is a midsized, urban public school district serving the City of Chester, the Borough of Upland and Chester Township in Delaware County, Pennsylvania.", "Chester Upland School District __knowledge__ The Chester-Upland School District, headquartered on the first floor of Chester High School, encompasses approximately .", "Chester Upland School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, it served a resident population of 44,435.", "Chester Upland School District __knowledge__ In 2009, the District residents' per capita income was $13,521, while the median family income was $30,900.", "Chester Upland School District __knowledge__ In the Commonwealth, the median family income was $49,501 and the United States median family income was $49,445, in 2010.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ Education in the United States is provided by public, private and home schools.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ State governments set overall educational standards, often mandate standardized tests for K–12 public school systems and supervise, usually through a board of regents, state colleges and universities.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ Funding comes from the state, local, and federal government.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ Private schools are generally free to determine their own curriculum and staffing policies, with voluntary accreditation available through independent regional accreditation authorities, although some state regulation can apply.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ In 2013, about 87% of school-age children (those below higher education) attended state funded public schools, about 10% attended tuition- and foundation-funded private schools and roughly 3% were home-schooled.", "Greater Johnstown School District __knowledge__ The Greater Johnstown School District is the a public school district in Cambria County, Pennsylvania.", "Greater Johnstown School District __knowledge__ The district serves: the City of Johnstown, the Boroughs of Daisytown and East Conemaugh, and the townships of Lower Yoder, Stonycreek, and West Taylor.", "Greater Johnstown School District __knowledge__ Greater Johnstown School District encompasses approximately .", "Greater Johnstown School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, it served a resident population of 33,566.", "Greater Johnstown School District __knowledge__ By 2010, the district's population declined to 27,641 people.", "Greater Johnstown School District __knowledge__ The educational attainment levels for the School District population (25 years old and over) were 85.4% high school graduates and 13.2% college graduates.", "Halifax Area School District __knowledge__ The Halifax Area School District is a small, suburban, public school district located in Halifax, Pennsylvania in Dauphin County.", "Halifax Area School District __knowledge__ The district served 1,143 students in preschool to grade 12 in 2012.", "Halifax Area School District __knowledge__ Halifax Area School District encompasses approximately .", "Halifax Area School District __knowledge__ The district serves residents of: Halifax Borough, Halifax Township, Jackson Township and Wayne Township.", "Halifax Area School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, Halifax Area School District served a resident population of 7,366 people.", "Halifax Area School District __knowledge__ By 2010, the district's population increased to 7,606 people.", "Halifax Area School District __knowledge__ According to the Pennsylvania Budget and Policy Center, 30.8% of the district’s pupils lived at 185% or below the Federal Poverty Level as shown by their eligibility for the federal free or reduced price school meal programs in 2012." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Kindergarten __knowledge__ Kindergarten (; from German , which literally means \"garden for the children\") is a preschool educational approach traditionally based on playing, singing, practical activities such as drawing, and social interaction as part of the transition from home to school.", "Kindergarten __knowledge__ At first such institutions were created in the late 18th century in Bavaria and Strasbourg to serve children whose parents both worked out of the home.", "Kindergarten __knowledge__ The term was coined by the German Friedrich Fröbel, whose approach globally influenced early-years education.", "Kindergarten __knowledge__ Today, the term is used in many countries to describe a variety of educational institutions and learning spaces for children ranging from two to seven years of age, based on a variety of teaching methods.", "Kindergarten __knowledge__ In 1779, Johann Friedrich Oberlin and Louise Scheppler founded in Strasbourg an early establishment for caring for and educating pre-school children whose parents were absent during the day.", "Kindergarten __knowledge__ At about the same time, in 1780, similar infant establishments were established in Bavaria.", "Kindergarten __knowledge__ In 1802, Princess Pauline zur Lippe established a preschool center in Detmold, the capital of the then principality of Lippe, Germany (now in the State of North Rhine-Westphalia).", "Kindergarten __knowledge__ In 1816, Robert Owen, a philosopher and pedagogue, opened the first British and probably globally the first infants school in New Lanark, Scotland.", "Stephen Hillenburg __knowledge__ Stephen McDannell Hillenburg (born August21, 1961) is an American cartoonist, animator, writer, producer, director, and former marine biologist.", "Stephen Hillenburg __knowledge__ He is the creator of the television series \"SpongeBob SquarePants\" (1999), which he has also directed, produced, and written.", "Stephen Hillenburg __knowledge__ It has gone on to become one of the longest-running American television series as well as the highest-rated show ever to air on Nickelodeon.", "Stephen Hillenburg __knowledge__ Born in Lawton, Oklahoma and raised in Anaheim, California, Hillenburg became fascinated with the ocean as a child and also developed an interest in art.", "Stephen Hillenburg __knowledge__ He started his professional career in 1984, instructing marine biology, at the Orange County Marine Institute, where he wrote \"The Intertidal Zone\", an informative comic book about tide-pool animals, which he used to educate his students.", "Maria Connor __knowledge__ Maria Jane Connor (also Sutherland) is a fictional character from the British ITV soap opera, \"Coronation Street\", portrayed by Samia Longchambon.", "Maria Connor __knowledge__ The character first appeared on-screen on 19 May 2000.", "Maria Connor __knowledge__ During her time on the show, Maria has been the centre of major storylines.", "Maria Connor __knowledge__ In late 2009, Longchambon took maternity leave and Maria was off-screen from November 2009 until June 2010.", "Maria Connor __knowledge__ Longchambon took a second maternity leave in 2015 and Maria was off-screen from October 2015 until April 2016.", "Maria Connor __knowledge__ Maria is first seen working in the kennels belonging to her father, Eric (Steve Money).", "Maria Connor __knowledge__ Tyrone Dobbs (Alan Halsall) and Jack Duckworth (Bill Tarmey) bring Tyrone's greyhound, Monica, in to look for a stud to mate with.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Imagined contact hypothesis __knowledge__ The imagined contact hypothesis is an extension of the contact hypothesis, a theoretical proposition centred on the psychology of prejudice and prejudice reduction.", "Imagined contact hypothesis __knowledge__ It was originally developed by Richard J.", "Imagined contact hypothesis __knowledge__ Crisp and Rhiannon N. Turner and proposes that the mental simulation, or imagining, of a positive social interaction with an outgroup member can lead to increased positive attitudes, greater desire for social contact, and improved group dynamics.", "Imagined contact hypothesis __knowledge__ Empirical evidence supporting the imagined contact hypothesis demonstrates its effectiveness at improving explicit and implicit attitudes towards and intergroup relations with a wide variety of [stigmatized] groups including religious minorities, the mentally ill, ethnic minorities, sexual minorities, and obese individuals.", "The Big Picture (2000 film) __knowledge__ The Big Picture is the first short film directed by the Michael and Peter Spierig.", "The Big Picture (2000 film) __knowledge__ The film was released in 2000.", "The Big Picture (2000 film) __knowledge__ The film was included as an extra on the Blu-ray release of \"Daybreakers\".", "The Big Picture (2000 film) __knowledge__ A career woman named Wendy never imagined going out with a man named Jack.", "The Big Picture (2000 film) __knowledge__ She never imagined spending time with him.", "The Big Picture (2000 film) __knowledge__ Yet she witnesses life altering events that change her mind.", "Frozen (Madonna song) __knowledge__ \"Frozen\" is a song by American singer Madonna from her seventh studio album \"Ray of Light\" (1998).", "Frozen (Madonna song) __knowledge__ It was released as the lead single from the album on February 23, 1998, by Maverick and Warner Bros. Records.", "Frozen (Madonna song) __knowledge__ The song was also included on the compilation albums \"GHV2\" (2001) and \"Celebration\" (2009).", "Frozen (Madonna song) __knowledge__ \"Frozen\" was written by Madonna and Patrick Leonard, and it was produced in collaboration with William Orbit.", "Frozen (Madonna song) __knowledge__ A mid-tempo electronica ballad, \"Frozen\" talks about a cold and emotionless human being.", "Frozen (Madonna song) __knowledge__ In 2005, a judge in Belgium ruled that \"Frozen\" was plagiarized from a song by Salvatore Acquaviva, and it was banned from the region.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ The manga series \"Rurouni Kenshin\" features a large cast of fictional characters created by Nobuhiro Watsuki.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ Set in Japan during the Meiji period, several of the characters are real historical figures who interact with the fictional characters.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ The story follows a pacifist wanderer named Himura Kenshin, who was previously an assassin known as \"\"Hitokiri Battōsai\"\" working for the Isshin Shishi during the Bakumatsu period.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ After helping Kamiya Kaoru, the instructor of a kendo school in Tokyo, in defeating a criminal he is invited by her to stay at her dojo.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ During his stay in Tokyo, Kenshin befriends new people including Myōjin Yahiko, a young child descendant from a samurai family who starts training under Kaoru, Sagara Sanosuke, a former Sekihō who enjoys fighting, and Takani Megumi, a doctor involved with the illegal drug trade.", "Germanism (linguistics) __knowledge__ A Germanism is a loan word or other loan element borrowed from German for use in some other language.", "Germanism (linguistics) __knowledge__ Technology and engineering have also provided Germanisms, as in the English \"bremsstrahlung\" (a form of electromagnetic radiation), or the French \"schnorchel\" (literally, \"submarine snorkel,\" a type of air-intake device for submarine engines).", "Germanism (linguistics) __knowledge__ In Afrikaans, a colloquial term for ethnic Germans is \"aberjetze\", from German \"aber jetzt!\"", "Germanism (linguistics) __knowledge__ (\"come on, now!", "Germanism (linguistics) __knowledge__ \"), possibly due to the frequent use of that phrase by German farmers or overseers in exhorting their workers.", "Germanism (linguistics) __knowledge__ Albanian has many loan words brought back from Germany by migrant workers.", "Heideggerian terminology __knowledge__ Martin Heidegger, the 20th-century German philosopher, produced a large body of work that intended a profound change of direction for philosophy.", "Heideggerian terminology __knowledge__ Such was the depth of change that he found it necessary to introduce a large number of neologisms, often connected to idiomatic words and phrases in the German language.", "Heideggerian terminology __knowledge__ Two of his most basic neologisms, present-at-hand and ready-to-hand, are used to describe various attitudes toward things in the world.", "Heideggerian terminology __knowledge__ For Heidegger, such \"attitudes\" are prior to, i.e.", "Heideggerian terminology __knowledge__ more basic than, the various sciences of the individual items in the world.", "Heideggerian terminology __knowledge__ Science itself is an attitude, one that attempts a kind of neutral investigation.", "List of terms used for Germans __knowledge__ There are many alternative terms for the people of Germany.", "List of terms used for Germans __knowledge__ In English the demonym is German.", "List of terms used for Germans __knowledge__ During the early Renaissance, \"German\" implied that the person spoke German as a native language.", "List of terms used for Germans __knowledge__ Until German unification, people living in what is now Germany were named for the region they lived in: examples are Bavarians and Brandenburgers.", "List of terms used for Germans __knowledge__ Some other terms are humorous or pejorative slang, and used mainly by people from other countries, although they can be used in a self-deprecating way by German people themselves.", "List of terms used for Germans __knowledge__ Other terms are serious or tongue-in-cheek attempts to coin words as alternatives to the ambiguous standard terms.", "Grammatical gender __knowledge__ In linguistics, grammatical gender is a specific form of noun-class system in which the division of noun classes forms an agreement system with another aspect of the language, such as adjectives, articles, pronouns, or verbs.", "Grammatical gender __knowledge__ This system is used in approximately one quarter of the world's languages.", "Grammatical gender __knowledge__ In these languages, most or all nouns inherently carry one value of the grammatical category called \"gender\"; the values present in a given language (of which there are usually two or three) are called the \"genders\" of that language.", "Grammatical gender __knowledge__ According to one definition: \"Genders are classes of nouns reflected in the behaviour of associated words.\"", "German language __knowledge__ German ( ) is a West Germanic language that is mainly spoken in Central Europe.", "German language __knowledge__ It is the most widely spoken and (co-) official language in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, South Tyrol (Italy), the German-speaking Community of Belgium, and Liechtenstein.", "German language __knowledge__ It is also one of the three official languages of Luxembourg.", "German language __knowledge__ The languages which are most similar to German are the other members of the West Germanic language branch: Afrikaans, Dutch, English, the Frisian languages, Low German/Low Saxon, Luxembourgish, and Yiddish.", "German language __knowledge__ German is the second most widely spoken Germanic language, after English.", "German language __knowledge__ One of the major languages of the world, German is the first language of about 95 million people worldwide and the most widely spoken native language in the European Union.", "Town __knowledge__ A town is a human settlement larger than a village but smaller than a city.", "Town __knowledge__ The size definition for what constitutes a \"town\" varies considerably in different parts of the world.", "Town __knowledge__ The word town shares an origin with the German word \"Zaun\", the Dutch word \"tuin\", and the Old Norse \"tun\".", "Town __knowledge__ The German word \"Zaun\" comes closest to the original meaning of the word: a fence of any material.", "Town __knowledge__ An early borrowing from Celtic *dunom (cf.", "Town __knowledge__ Old Irish dun, Welsh din \"fortress, fortified place, camp,\" dinas \"city\").", "Town __knowledge__ In English and Dutch, the meaning of the word took on the sense of the space which these fences enclosed." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Kindergarten is a very popular concept in most countries with a preschool thing for kids and children", "Nearly every european and american country uses kindergarten as a preschool for kids and children", "Well kindergarten itself is a German word so it does make sense", "yep its a preschool educational approach to ease kids into the system" ]

[ "Kindergarten", "Kindergarten", "Kindergarten", "Kindergarten" ]

[ "Cooking\ni wish i knew how to cook!", "even if i do i will end up messing everything up", "I can make eggs and peanut butter and jelly sandwiches lol", "really? that's a lot of peanut butter. it's really good! I think it's somewhat healthy too, right" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking or cookery is the art, technology, science and craft of preparing food for consumption with or without the use of heat.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking techniques and ingredients vary widely across the world, from grilling food over an open fire to using electric stoves, to baking in various types of ovens, reflecting unique environmental, economic, and cultural traditions and trends.", "Cooking __knowledge__ The ways or types of cooking also depend on the skill and type of training an individual cook has.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking is done both by people in their own dwellings and by professional cooks and chefs in restaurants and other food establishments.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking can also occur through chemical reactions without the presence of heat, such as in ceviche, a traditional South American dish where fish is cooked with the acids in lemon or lime juice.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Preparing food with heat or fire is an activity unique to humans.", "Cooking __knowledge__ It may have started around 2 million years ago, though archaeological evidence for it reaches no more than 1 million years ago.", "Cooking __knowledge__ The expansion of agriculture, commerce, trade and transportation between civilizations in different regions offered cooks many new ingredients.", "Cooking __knowledge__ New inventions and technologies, such as the invention of pottery for holding and boiling water, expanded cooking techniques.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Downton Abbey, a British period drama television series created by Julian Fellowes and co-produced by Carnival Films and Masterpiece for ITV and PBS, respectively.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Robert Crawley, The 7th Earl of Grantham (also known as Lord Grantham) (played by Hugh Bonneville) was born in 1866 at Downton Abbey.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ His parents are the late 6th Earl of Grantham and the Dowager Countess of Grantham, Violet Crawley.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ He has a sister named Rosamund.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Despite the family's financial situation, Robert's education was privileged and he was tutored from ages 7 to 13, before attending Eton and then Christ Church, Oxford, where he studied philosophy.", "Major Israel McCreight __knowledge__ Major Israel McCreight (Oglala Lakota: \"Cante Tanke\" (\"Great Heart\")(Čhaŋté Tȟáŋka) in Standard Lakota Orthography) (April 22, 1865 – October 13, 1958) is notable in American history as a Progressive Era banker, conservationist and expert on Native American culture and policy.", "Major Israel McCreight __knowledge__ McCreight was a founder of the Pennsylvania Conservation Association, and authored President Theodore Roosevelt’s conservation policy on public education and Cook Forest State Park, the first Pennsylvania State Park acquired to preserve a natural landmark.", "Major Israel McCreight __knowledge__ McCreight dedicated his life to public education about Native American culture and was a nominee for U.S. Commissioner of Indian Affairs.", "Alastair Cook __knowledge__ Alastair Nathan Cook, (born 25 December 1984) is an English cricketer.", "Alastair Cook __knowledge__ A former captain of the England Test and One Day International (ODI) teams, he holds a number of English and international records.", "Alastair Cook __knowledge__ He is regarded as one of the greatest batsmen ever to play for England, and is one of the most prolific batsmen of the modern era.", "Alastair Cook __knowledge__ Cook is England’s most-capped player and has captained the team in an English record 59 Tests and 69 ODIs.", "Alastair Cook __knowledge__ He is the leading run-scorer in Test matches for England, and the youngest player to complete 12,000 Test runs (the 6th overall and the only Englishman).", "Alastair Cook __knowledge__ Cook has scored a record 32 Test centuries for England and is the first England player to take part in 50 Test victories.", "First voyage of James Cook __knowledge__ The first voyage of James Cook was a combined Royal Navy and Royal Society expedition to the south Pacific Ocean aboard HMS \"Endeavour\", from 1768 to 1771.", "First voyage of James Cook __knowledge__ It was the first of three Pacific voyages of which Cook was the commander.", "First voyage of James Cook __knowledge__ The aims of this first expedition were to observe the 1769 transit of Venus across the Sun (3–4 June of that year), and to seek evidence of the postulated \"Terra Australis Incognita\" or \"unknown southern land\".", "First voyage of James Cook __knowledge__ The voyage was commissioned by King George III and commanded by Lieutenant James Cook, a junior naval officer with good skills in cartography and mathematics.", "First voyage of James Cook __knowledge__ Departing from Plymouth-Dock (Devonport) in August 1768, the expedition crossed the Atlantic, rounded Cape Horn and reached Tahiti in time to observe the transit of Venus.", "James Cook __knowledge__ Captain James Cook (7 November 172814 February 1779) was a British explorer, navigator, cartographer, and captain in the Royal Navy.", "James Cook __knowledge__ Cook made detailed maps of Newfoundland prior to making three voyages to the Pacific Ocean, during which he achieved the first recorded European contact with the eastern coastline of Australia and the Hawaiian Islands, and the first recorded circumnavigation of New Zealand.", "James Cook __knowledge__ Cook joined the British merchant navy as a teenager and joined the Royal Navy in 1755.", "James Cook __knowledge__ He saw action in the Seven Years' War, and subsequently surveyed and mapped much of the entrance to the Saint Lawrence River during the siege of Quebec.", "List of General Hospital characters (2000s) __knowledge__ \"General Hospital\" is the longest running American television serial drama, airing on ABC.", "List of General Hospital characters (2000s) __knowledge__ Created by Frank and Doris Hursley, who originally set it in a general hospital (hence the title), in an unnamed fictional city.", "List of General Hospital characters (2000s) __knowledge__ In the 1970s, the city was named Port Charles, New York.", "List of General Hospital characters (2000s) __knowledge__ The series premiered on April 1, 1963.", "List of General Hospital characters (2000s) __knowledge__ This is a list of notable characters who significantly impacted storylines and began their run, or significantly returned, from the years 2000 to 2009.", "List of General Hospital characters (2000s) __knowledge__ Sage Alcazar is a fictional character on the ABC soap opera, General Hospital.", "List of General Hospital characters (2000s) __knowledge__ She was portrayed by Eileen Boylan in 2003, and then by Katie Stuart in 2004.", "James Cook (Skins) __knowledge__ James Cook, known as Cook, to his friends, is a fictional character in the British teen drama \"Skins\".", "James Cook (Skins) __knowledge__ He is portrayed by Jack O'Connell.", "James Cook (Skins) __knowledge__ In the third series his true emotions are explored and it is revealed that his womanising violent lifestyle is in fact a smoke screen to cover up his real emotions.", "James Cook (Skins) __knowledge__ His actions often cause trouble and create havoc, affecting those around him.", "James Cook (Skins) __knowledge__ However, in the fourth series he begins to change his ways after a conversation with his solicitor and when he begins to realise the consequences of his actions, most notably witnessing his younger brother beginning to follow in his footsteps." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking or cookery is the art, technology, science and craft of preparing food for consumption with or without the use of heat.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking techniques and ingredients vary widely across the world, from grilling food over an open fire to using electric stoves, to baking in various types of ovens, reflecting unique environmental, economic, and cultural traditions and trends.", "Cooking __knowledge__ The ways or types of cooking also depend on the skill and type of training an individual cook has.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking is done both by people in their own dwellings and by professional cooks and chefs in restaurants and other food establishments.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking can also occur through chemical reactions without the presence of heat, such as in ceviche, a traditional South American dish where fish is cooked with the acids in lemon or lime juice.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Preparing food with heat or fire is an activity unique to humans.", "Cooking __knowledge__ It may have started around 2 million years ago, though archaeological evidence for it reaches no more than 1 million years ago.", "Cooking __knowledge__ The expansion of agriculture, commerce, trade and transportation between civilizations in different regions offered cooks many new ingredients.", "Cooking __knowledge__ New inventions and technologies, such as the invention of pottery for holding and boiling water, expanded cooking techniques.", "Debra Messing __knowledge__ Debra Lynn Messing (born August 15, 1968) is an American actress.", "Debra Messing __knowledge__ After graduating from New York University's Tisch School of the Arts, Messing received short-lived roles on television series such as \"Ned & Stacey\" on Fox (1995–1997) and \"Prey\" on ABC (1998).", "Debra Messing __knowledge__ She received her breakthrough role as Grace Adler, an interior designer, on the NBC sitcom \"Will & Grace\" (1998–2006), for which she was critically acclaimed, receiving six Golden Globe Award nominations and five Primetime Emmy Award nominations for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series, winning once in 2003.", "Debra Messing __knowledge__ From 2007 to 2008, Messing starred as Molly Kagan, the ex-wife of a Hollywood film mogul, on the television miniseries \"The Starter Wife\", for which she received two Golden Globe nominations, a Primetime Emmy Award nomination and a Screen Actors Guild Award nomination for her performance.", "Original songs in Smash __knowledge__ \"Smash\" is an American musical-drama television series created by playwright Theresa Rebeck.", "Original songs in Smash __knowledge__ It premiered in the United States on NBC on February 6, 2012.", "Original songs in Smash __knowledge__ The series revolves around a fictional New York theater community making new Broadway musicals.", "Original songs in Smash __knowledge__ In the first season, the focus was on the making of \"Bombshell\", a musical based on the life of Marilyn Monroe.", "Original songs in Smash __knowledge__ In the second season, the show was split between taking \"Bombshell\" to Broadway and the creation and mounting of a contemporary pop musical called \"Hit List\" that was about the price of fame.", "Original songs in Smash __knowledge__ Other fictional musicals that were touched on for which original songs were performed include \"Beautiful\" and \"Liaisons\".", "Messing-cum-Inworth __knowledge__ Messing-cum-Inworth is a civil parish in north-east Essex, 8.5 miles west of Colchester, and 15 miles east of Chelmsford.", "Messing-cum-Inworth __knowledge__ The parish consists of two small villages; Messing (population 250), and Inworth (population 100).", "Messing-cum-Inworth __knowledge__ At the 2011 the population of the Civil Parish was 363.", "Messing-cum-Inworth __knowledge__ The parish of Messing-cum-Inworth is bounded by the parishes of Kelvedon to the west, Feering to the north, Birch to the east and Tiptree to the south.", "Messing-cum-Inworth __knowledge__ The highest point in the parish is no more than 69 metres (226 ft) above sea level dropping to 32 metres (105 ft) in the vicinity of Domsey Brook.", "Messing-cum-Inworth __knowledge__ It is situated in the Birch & Winstree ward of Colchester Borough Council.", "Pilot (Will &amp; Grace) __knowledge__ \"Pilot\" (also known as \"Love and Marriage\") is the first episode of \"Will & Grace\"'s first season.", "Pilot (Will &amp; Grace) __knowledge__ It was written by David Kohan and Max Mutchnick, and directed by James Burrows.", "Pilot (Will &amp; Grace) __knowledge__ It originally aired on the National Broadcasting Company (NBC) in the United States on September 21, 1998.", "Pilot (Will &amp; Grace) __knowledge__ In the episode, Grace Adler receives an unexpected marriage proposal from her boyfriend.", "Pilot (Will &amp; Grace) __knowledge__ Her gay best friend Will Truman tries to support her, but finally tells her that she is making a big mistake, even though he risks losing their friendship.", "Pilot (Will &amp; Grace) __knowledge__ The situation gets complicated when Grace's socialite assistant, Karen Walker, and Will's flamboyantly gay friend, Jack McFarland, interfere.", "Trevor Philips __knowledge__ Trevor Philips is a fictional character in \"Grand Theft Auto V\", a video game in the \"Grand Theft Auto\" series made by Rockstar Games.", "Trevor Philips __knowledge__ He appears as one of the three main protagonists, alongside Michael De Santa and Franklin Clinton.", "Trevor Philips __knowledge__ He is played by actor Steven Ogg, who provided the voice and motion capture for the character.", "Trevor Philips __knowledge__ Rockstar based Trevor's appearance on Ogg's physical appearance, while his personality was inspired by Charles Bronson.", "Trevor Philips __knowledge__ \"Grand Theft Auto V\" co-writer Dan Houser described Trevor as purely driven by desire and resentment.", "Trevor Philips __knowledge__ To make players care for the character, the designers gave the character more emotions.", "Shep Messing __knowledge__ Shep Norman Messing (born October 9, 1949 in The Bronx, New York) is a retired American soccer goalkeeper and current broadcaster who works as the lead analyst for New York Red Bulls matches on the MSG Network.", "Shep Messing __knowledge__ He played seven seasons in the North American Soccer League and six in the Major Indoor Soccer League.", "Shep Messing __knowledge__ He was also a member of the United States national team at the 1971 Pan American Games and 1972 Summer Olympics.", "Shep Messing __knowledge__ Messing, along with his brother Roy, attended high school at The Wheatley School in Old Westbury, New York.", "Shep Messing __knowledge__ He began his collegiate soccer career at New York University.", "Shep Messing __knowledge__ He graduated from Harvard University in 1972 after playing on the school's men's soccer team.", "Alive and Schticking __knowledge__ \"Alive and Schticking\" is the season premiere of the American television series \"Will & Grace\"s eighth season.", "Alive and Schticking __knowledge__ It was written by Bill Wrubel and directed by series producer James Burrows.", "Alive and Schticking __knowledge__ The episode was broadcast live on NBC in the United States on September 29, 2005, and was performed twice by the actors that evening for the East and West coasts.", "Alive and Schticking __knowledge__ Alec Baldwin guest starred in \"Alive and Schticking\" and received an Emmy Award nomination for his performance.", "Alive and Schticking __knowledge__ In the episode, Grace (Debra Messing) contemplates having an affair with a married man, while Jack (Sean Hayes) begins a new career as the host of his new talk show \"Jack Talk\".", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ Elizabeth David, CBE (born Elizabeth Gwynne, 26 December 1913 – 22 May 1992) was a British cookery writer.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ In the mid-20th century she strongly influenced the revitalisation of home cookery in her native country and beyond with articles and books about European cuisines and traditional British dishes.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ Born to an upper-class family, David rebelled against social norms of the day.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ In the 1930s she studied art in Paris, became an actress, and ran off with a married man with whom she sailed in a small boat to Italy, where their boat was confiscated.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ They reached Greece, where they were nearly trapped by the German invasion in 1941, but escaped to Egypt, where they parted.", "Leeds University Library's Cookery Collection __knowledge__ Leeds University Library's Cookery Collection is one of the five Designated collections held by the Brotherton Library at University of Leeds.", "Leeds University Library's Cookery Collection __knowledge__ It comprises an extensive collection of international books, manuscripts and archives relating to food, cooking and culinary culture.", "Leeds University Library's Cookery Collection __knowledge__ The collection began with a donation in 1939 to the Library of 1,500 books and a selection of manuscripts.", "Leeds University Library's Cookery Collection __knowledge__ The collection has grown since then and has been supplemented with further donations over time.", "Leeds University Library's Cookery Collection __knowledge__ It now consists of more than 8,000 printed cookery books and 75 manuscripts, spanning the period of 2500 BC to present day, with the majority of the works being from the early 16th – 20th century.", "Kitchen __knowledge__ A kitchen is a room or part of a room used for cooking and food preparation in a dwelling or in a commercial establishment.", "Kitchen __knowledge__ In the West, a modern residential kitchen is typically equipped with a stove, a sink with hot and cold running water, a refrigerator, counters and kitchen cabinets arranged according to a modular design.", "Kitchen __knowledge__ Many households have a microwave oven, a dishwasher and other electric appliances.", "Kitchen __knowledge__ The main function of a kitchen is serving as a location for storing, cooking and preparing food (and doing related tasks such as dishwashing), but it may also be used for dining, entertaining and laundry.", "Eliza Acton __knowledge__ Elizabeth \"Eliza\" Acton (17 April 1799 – 13 February 1859) was an English food writer and poet, who produced one of Britain's first cookbooks aimed at the domestic reader, \"Modern Cookery for Private Families\".", "Eliza Acton __knowledge__ The work introduced the now-universal practice of listing ingredients and giving suggested cooking times with each recipe.", "Eliza Acton __knowledge__ It included the first recipes for Brussels sprouts and for spaghetti, and the first reference in print to Christmas pudding.", "Eliza Acton __knowledge__ Acton was born in 1799 in Sussex; she was raised in Suffolk, where she ran a girls' boarding school, before spending some time in France.", "Eliza Acton __knowledge__ On her return to England in 1826 she published a collection of poetry.", "English cuisine __knowledge__ English cuisine encompasses the cooking styles, traditions and recipes associated with England.", "English cuisine __knowledge__ It has distinctive attributes of its own, but also shares much with wider British cuisine, partly through the importation of ingredients and ideas from North America, China, and India during the time of the British Empire and as a result of post-war immigration.", "English cuisine __knowledge__ Traditional meals have ancient origins, such as bread and cheese, roasted and stewed meats, meat and game pies, boiled vegetables and broths, and freshwater and saltwater fish.", "English cuisine __knowledge__ The 14th-century English cookbook, the \"Forme of Cury\", contains recipes for these, and dates from the royal court of Richard II.", "Emma Pike Ewing __knowledge__ Emma Pike Ewing (July 1838 – February 1917) was an American author and educator on housekeeping and cooking.", "Emma Pike Ewing __knowledge__ Ewing hailed from New York.", "Emma Pike Ewing __knowledge__ After the American Civil War, she served as dean, Chautauqua Assembly Cooking School; professor domestic economy, Iowa Agricultural College; director Model School of Household Economics; and affiliated with Marietta College, Ohio, Model Home School of Household Economics.", "Emma Pike Ewing __knowledge__ Her contemporaries included, Mary Johnson Bailey Lincoln, Marion Harland, Fannie Merritt Farmer, Sarah Tyson Rorer, Maria Parloa, Gesine Lemcke, Ella Morris Kretschmar, and Linda Hull Larned." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking or cookery is the art, technology, science and craft of preparing food for consumption with or without the use of heat.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking techniques and ingredients vary widely across the world, from grilling food over an open fire to using electric stoves, to baking in various types of ovens, reflecting unique environmental, economic, and cultural traditions and trends.", "Cooking __knowledge__ The ways or types of cooking also depend on the skill and type of training an individual cook has.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking is done both by people in their own dwellings and by professional cooks and chefs in restaurants and other food establishments.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking can also occur through chemical reactions without the presence of heat, such as in ceviche, a traditional South American dish where fish is cooked with the acids in lemon or lime juice.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Preparing food with heat or fire is an activity unique to humans.", "Cooking __knowledge__ It may have started around 2 million years ago, though archaeological evidence for it reaches no more than 1 million years ago.", "Cooking __knowledge__ The expansion of agriculture, commerce, trade and transportation between civilizations in different regions offered cooks many new ingredients.", "Cooking __knowledge__ New inventions and technologies, such as the invention of pottery for holding and boiling water, expanded cooking techniques.", "Peanut butter __knowledge__ Peanut butter is a food paste or spread made from ground dry roasted peanuts.", "Peanut butter __knowledge__ It often contains additional ingredients that modify the taste or texture, such as salt, sweeteners or emulsifiers.", "Peanut butter __knowledge__ Peanut butter is popular in many countries.", "Peanut butter __knowledge__ The United States is a leading exporter of peanut butter and itself consumes $800 million of peanut butter annually.", "Peanut butter __knowledge__ Peanut butter is served as a spread on bread, toast or crackers, and used to make sandwiches (notably the peanut butter and jelly sandwich).", "Peanut butter __knowledge__ It is also used in a number of confections, such as peanut-flavoured granola bars or croissants and other pastries.", "Peanut __knowledge__ The peanut, also known as the groundnut and the goober and taxonomically classified as Arachis hypogaea, is a legume crop grown mainly for its edible seeds.", "Peanut __knowledge__ It is widely grown in the tropics and subtropics, being important to both small and large commercial producers.", "Peanut __knowledge__ It is classified as both a grain legume and, because of its high oil content, an oil crop.", "Peanut __knowledge__ World annual production of shelled peanuts was 42 million tonnes in 2014.", "Peanut __knowledge__ Atypically among crop plants, peanut pods develop underground rather than aboveground.", "Peanut __knowledge__ It is this characteristic that the botanist Linnaeus used to assign the specific name \"hypogaea,\" which means \"under the earth.\"", "Peanut butter, banana and bacon sandwich __knowledge__ The peanut butter and banana sandwich, or peanut butter, banana and bacon sandwich, sometimes referred to as an Elvis sandwich or simply the Elvis, consists of toasted bread slices with peanut butter, sliced or mashed banana, and sometimes bacon.", "Peanut butter, banana and bacon sandwich __knowledge__ Honey is seen in some variations of the sandwich.", "Peanut butter, banana and bacon sandwich __knowledge__ The sandwich is frequently cooked in a pan or on a griddle.", "Peanut butter, banana and bacon sandwich __knowledge__ The recipe for the sandwich has been published in numerous cookbooks and newspaper stories.", "Peanut butter, banana and bacon sandwich __knowledge__ It is sold commercially in restaurants that specialize in peanut butter sandwiches, such as Peanut Butter & Co.", "Peanut butter, banana and bacon sandwich __knowledge__ The peanut butter and banana sandwich has been referred to as a favorite of Elvis Presley, who was renowned for his food cravings such as the Fool's Gold Loaf, a loaf of Italian bread filled with a pound of bacon, peanut butter, and grape jelly.", "Reese's Peanut Butter Cups __knowledge__ Reese's Peanut Butter Cups are a popular American candy consisting of a milk, white, or dark chocolate cup filled with peanut butter, marketed by The Hershey Company.", "Reese's Peanut Butter Cups __knowledge__ They were created by H. B. Reese, a former dairy farmer and shipping foreman for Milton S. Hershey.", "Reese's Peanut Butter Cups __knowledge__ Reese was inspired by Hershey and left dairy farming to start his own candy business.", "Reese's Peanut Butter Cups __knowledge__ The Harry Burnett Reese Candy Co. was established in the basement of Reese's home in Hershey, Pennsylvania.", "Reese's Peanut Butter Cups __knowledge__ Reese had originally worked at a Hershey dairy farm, and from the start he used Hershey Chocolate in his confections.", "Reese's Peanut Butter Cups __knowledge__ Reese's Peanut Butter Cups were his most popular candy, and Reese eventually discontinued his other lines.", "Peanut butter and jelly sandwich __knowledge__ A peanut butter and jelly sandwich, or PB&J, includes one or more layers of peanut butter and one or more layers of either jelly or jam on bread.", "Peanut butter and jelly sandwich __knowledge__ Sometimes the sandwich is eaten open-faced or with one slice of bread folded over (effectively a \"half sandwich\").", "Peanut butter and jelly sandwich __knowledge__ The sandwich is quite common and popular in North America, especially for children; a 2002 survey showed the average American will have eaten 1,500 of these sandwiches before high school graduation.", "Peanut butter and jelly sandwich __knowledge__ There are several variations on the sandwich.", "Peanut butter and jelly sandwich __knowledge__ For example, honey or sliced fruit can be substituted for the jelly component.", "Peanut butter and jelly sandwich __knowledge__ On the flip side, the popularity of almond butter has inspired some aficionados to transition to \"almond butter and jelly\" (AB&J) sandwiches.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Sealed crustless sandwich __knowledge__ A sealed crustless sandwich is a type of raviolo which has a filling sealed between one thick layer of bread.", "Sealed crustless sandwich __knowledge__ Although is it advertised as being \"crustless\", it is heavily debated that the sandwich still has a crust.", "Sealed crustless sandwich __knowledge__ The particular \"crimped end\" of this sandwich holds in all of the filling.", "Sealed crustless sandwich __knowledge__ This \"crimped edge\" can not be considered a crust at all.", "Sealed crustless sandwich __knowledge__ The big layer of bread is crimped together to seal in the filling and the crust is removed.", "Sealed crustless sandwich __knowledge__ A popular variety is peanut butter and jelly.", "Sealed crustless sandwich __knowledge__ Sealed crustless sandwiches are mass-produced by The J. M. Smucker Company under the brand name \"Uncrustables\".", "Sealed crustless sandwich __knowledge__ A number of patents have issued for various versions of sealed crustless sandwiches.", "Meal __knowledge__ A meal is an eating occasion that takes place at a certain time and includes prepared food, or the food eaten on that occasion.", "Meal __knowledge__ The names used for specific meals in English vary greatly, depending on the speaker's culture, the time of day, or the size of the meal.", "Meal __knowledge__ Meals occur primarily at homes, restaurants, and cafeterias, but may occur anywhere.", "Meal __knowledge__ Regular meals occur on a daily basis, typically several times a day.", "Meal __knowledge__ Special meals are usually held in conjunction with such occasions as birthdays, weddings, anniversaries, and holidays.", "Meal __knowledge__ A meal is different from a snack in that meals are generally larger, more varied, and more filling than snacks.", "Food __knowledge__ Food is any substance consumed to provide nutritional support for an organism.", "Food __knowledge__ It is usually of plant or animal origin, and contains essential nutrients, such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, or minerals.", "Food __knowledge__ The substance is ingested by an organism and assimilated by the organism's cells to provide energy, maintain life, or stimulate growth.", "Food __knowledge__ Historically, humans secured food through two methods: hunting and gathering and agriculture.", "Food __knowledge__ Today, the majority of the food energy required by the ever increasing population of the world is supplied by the food industry.", "Food __knowledge__ Food safety and food security are monitored by agencies like the International Association for Food Protection, World Resources Institute, World Food Programme, Food and Agriculture Organization, and International Food Information Council.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the DreamWorks animated film media franchise \"Kung Fu Panda\", with their shorts and specials \"Secrets of the Furious Five\", \"Kung Fu Panda Holiday\", \"\", and \"\", as well as the video games and TV show \"\".", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The world of \"Kung Fu Panda\" is a fantasized version of ancient China as typically depicted in the wuxia film genre populated by anthropomorphized Asian animals where the martial arts can have magical qualities on top of extraordinary physical prowess for those sufficiently skilled.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ Master Po Ping (Chinese for \"Precious Peace\"), born Lotus Shan, is the titular protagonist of the \"Kung Fu Panda\" franchise.", "Sing Something Simple __knowledge__ Sing Something Simple was a half-hour radio programme, which featured Cliff Adams and The Cliff Adams Singers, with Jack Emblow on accordion.", "Sing Something Simple __knowledge__ The programme ran for 42 years from 1959 until 2001, initially on the Light Programme and later on BBC Radio 2, and earning itself the title of the longest-running continuous music programme in the world.", "Sing Something Simple __knowledge__ The lyrics to its main theme began as follows: \"Sing something simple\" \"As cares go by\" \"Sing something simple\" \"Just you and I\" When \"Sing Something Simple\" was broadcast by Radio 2, this song would be followed by an announcer (in latter years, Alan Dedicoat) who would say: \"\"We invite you to Sing Something Simple, a collection of favourite songs, old and new, sung by The Cliff Adams Singers, accompanied by Jack Emblow.\"\"", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ \"\" is a manga series written by Yūto Tsukuda and illustrated by Shun Saeki, serialized in \"Weekly Shōnen Jump\".", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ 27 tankōbon volumes have been released.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ An anime adaptation has aired 49 episodes over 3 seasons.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ The story follows protagonist and title character Sōma Yukihira as he transfers to the elite Tōtsuki Culinary Academy, an extremely competitive atmosphere, where only the top 1% of students graduate in.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ Under the motto \"Cooking is Everything\", students are judged on their cooking for admission to the academy and in many classes, tournaments and events.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ Competition may lead to a Shokugeki, a cooking match held in an indoor stadium, where students stake their pride and futures as chefs.", "Kitchen __knowledge__ A kitchen is a room or part of a room used for cooking and food preparation in a dwelling or in a commercial establishment.", "Kitchen __knowledge__ In the West, a modern residential kitchen is typically equipped with a stove, a sink with hot and cold running water, a refrigerator, counters and kitchen cabinets arranged according to a modular design.", "Kitchen __knowledge__ Many households have a microwave oven, a dishwasher and other electric appliances.", "Kitchen __knowledge__ The main function of a kitchen is serving as a location for storing, cooking and preparing food (and doing related tasks such as dishwashing), but it may also be used for dining, entertaining and laundry." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking or cookery is the art, technology, science and craft of preparing food for consumption with or without the use of heat.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking techniques and ingredients vary widely across the world, from grilling food over an open fire to using electric stoves, to baking in various types of ovens, reflecting unique environmental, economic, and cultural traditions and trends.", "Cooking __knowledge__ The ways or types of cooking also depend on the skill and type of training an individual cook has.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking is done both by people in their own dwellings and by professional cooks and chefs in restaurants and other food establishments.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking can also occur through chemical reactions without the presence of heat, such as in ceviche, a traditional South American dish where fish is cooked with the acids in lemon or lime juice.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Preparing food with heat or fire is an activity unique to humans.", "Cooking __knowledge__ It may have started around 2 million years ago, though archaeological evidence for it reaches no more than 1 million years ago.", "Cooking __knowledge__ The expansion of agriculture, commerce, trade and transportation between civilizations in different regions offered cooks many new ingredients.", "Cooking __knowledge__ New inventions and technologies, such as the invention of pottery for holding and boiling water, expanded cooking techniques.", "Peanut butter __knowledge__ Peanut butter is a food paste or spread made from ground dry roasted peanuts.", "Peanut butter __knowledge__ It often contains additional ingredients that modify the taste or texture, such as salt, sweeteners or emulsifiers.", "Peanut butter __knowledge__ Peanut butter is popular in many countries.", "Peanut butter __knowledge__ The United States is a leading exporter of peanut butter and itself consumes $800 million of peanut butter annually.", "Peanut butter __knowledge__ Peanut butter is served as a spread on bread, toast or crackers, and used to make sandwiches (notably the peanut butter and jelly sandwich).", "Peanut butter __knowledge__ It is also used in a number of confections, such as peanut-flavoured granola bars or croissants and other pastries.", "Peanut __knowledge__ The peanut, also known as the groundnut and the goober and taxonomically classified as Arachis hypogaea, is a legume crop grown mainly for its edible seeds.", "Peanut __knowledge__ It is widely grown in the tropics and subtropics, being important to both small and large commercial producers.", "Peanut __knowledge__ It is classified as both a grain legume and, because of its high oil content, an oil crop.", "Peanut __knowledge__ World annual production of shelled peanuts was 42 million tonnes in 2014.", "Peanut __knowledge__ Atypically among crop plants, peanut pods develop underground rather than aboveground.", "Peanut __knowledge__ It is this characteristic that the botanist Linnaeus used to assign the specific name \"hypogaea,\" which means \"under the earth.\"", "Reese's Peanut Butter Cups __knowledge__ Reese's Peanut Butter Cups are a popular American candy consisting of a milk, white, or dark chocolate cup filled with peanut butter, marketed by The Hershey Company.", "Reese's Peanut Butter Cups __knowledge__ They were created by H. B. Reese, a former dairy farmer and shipping foreman for Milton S. Hershey.", "Reese's Peanut Butter Cups __knowledge__ Reese was inspired by Hershey and left dairy farming to start his own candy business.", "Reese's Peanut Butter Cups __knowledge__ The Harry Burnett Reese Candy Co. was established in the basement of Reese's home in Hershey, Pennsylvania.", "Reese's Peanut Butter Cups __knowledge__ Reese had originally worked at a Hershey dairy farm, and from the start he used Hershey Chocolate in his confections.", "Reese's Peanut Butter Cups __knowledge__ Reese's Peanut Butter Cups were his most popular candy, and Reese eventually discontinued his other lines.", "Bagyrtugay __knowledge__ Bagyrtugay (also, Bagir-Tugay) is a village in the Sabirabad Rayon of Azerbaijan.", "Bagyrtugay __knowledge__ Mahiapala II succeeded his father Jayasimha I.", "Bagyrtugay __knowledge__ He was succeeded by his brother Mokalasimha, also known as Muktasimha in 1383 CE.", "Bagyrtugay __knowledge__ [1][2] The paliya inscription (VS 1435/1378 CE) at Osa near Junagadh mentions that Junagadh was under thanadar named Mahamalik Muhammad Sadik and Raul Mahipala II.", "Bagyrtugay __knowledge__ It is known that Junagadh was subdued by Delhi Sultan Muhammad bin Tughluq in HS 760 (VS 1406/1348 CE) and the Chudasama king Khengara had paid tribute.", "Bagyrtugay __knowledge__ So it seems that Junagadh was ruled by thanadar under governor of Gujarat.", "Peanut butter, banana and bacon sandwich __knowledge__ The peanut butter and banana sandwich, or peanut butter, banana and bacon sandwich, sometimes referred to as an Elvis sandwich or simply the Elvis, consists of toasted bread slices with peanut butter, sliced or mashed banana, and sometimes bacon.", "Peanut butter, banana and bacon sandwich __knowledge__ Honey is seen in some variations of the sandwich.", "Peanut butter, banana and bacon sandwich __knowledge__ The sandwich is frequently cooked in a pan or on a griddle.", "Peanut butter, banana and bacon sandwich __knowledge__ The recipe for the sandwich has been published in numerous cookbooks and newspaper stories.", "Peanut butter, banana and bacon sandwich __knowledge__ It is sold commercially in restaurants that specialize in peanut butter sandwiches, such as Peanut Butter & Co.", "Peanut butter, banana and bacon sandwich __knowledge__ The peanut butter and banana sandwich has been referred to as a favorite of Elvis Presley, who was renowned for his food cravings such as the Fool's Gold Loaf, a loaf of Italian bread filled with a pound of bacon, peanut butter, and grape jelly.", "Peter Pan (peanut butter) __knowledge__ Peter Pan is a brand of peanut butter produced by ConAgra Foods and named after the J. M. Barrie character.", "Peter Pan (peanut butter) __knowledge__ The product was introduced by Swift & Company (originally through their \"Derby Foods\" subsidiary) in 1920 under the name \"E. K. Pond\".", "Peter Pan (peanut butter) __knowledge__ The product was renamed in 1928.", "Peter Pan (peanut butter) __knowledge__ Originally packaged in a tin can with a turn key and reclosable lid, the product's packaging was changed to glass jars because of metal shortages during World War II.", "Peter Pan (peanut butter) __knowledge__ In 1988, Peter Pan was the first brand of peanut butter to be sold in plastic jars.", "Peter Pan (peanut butter) __knowledge__ Peter Pan Peanut Butter is currently sold in 13 varieties: The product was the main ingredient in Frankford Candy & Chocolate Company's now-discontinued product, Peter Pan Peanut Butter Cups.", "Peanut Corporation of America __knowledge__ Peanut Corporation of America (PCA) was a peanut-processing business with headquarters in Lynchburg, Virginia, plants in other southern states, and distribution across the United States, now defunct as a result of one of the most massive and lethal food-borne contamination events in U.S. history.", "Peanut Corporation of America __knowledge__ PCA was founded in 1977 and initially run by Hugh Parnell, father of Stewart Parnell, with him and two other sons.", "Peanut Corporation of America __knowledge__ The company was sold in 1994-1995 with the senior Parnell retiring, and with Stewart Parnell and others remaining with the new company as consultants.", "Peanut Corporation of America __knowledge__ In 2000, control of PCA returned to Stewart Parnell via a private sale.", "M&amp;M's __knowledge__ M&M's are \"colorful button-shaped chocolates\", each of which has the letter \"m\" printed in lower case on one side, surrounds a filling which varies depending upon the variety of M&M's.", "M&amp;M's __knowledge__ The original candy had a milk chocolate filling which, upon introducing other variations, was branded as the \"plain\" variety.", "M&amp;M's __knowledge__ \"Peanut\" M&M's, which feature a peanut coated in milk chocolate, and finally a candy shell, were the first variation to be introduced, and they remain a regular variety.", "M&amp;M's __knowledge__ Numerous other variations have been introduced, some of which are regular widespread varieties (such as \"peanut butter\", \"almond\", \"pretzel\", \"crispy\", \"dark chocolate\", and \"caramel\") while others are limited in duration or geographic availability." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 13, 0 ]

[ "Cooking or cookery is the art, technology, science and craft of preparing food, maybe look up some tutorials on youtube", "hahahah maybe try something simple, The ways or types of cooking also depend on the skill and type of training an individual cook has", "The United States is a leading exporter of peanut butter and itself consumes $800 million anually so you and many others like them ahah", "im pretty sure it is healthy but at the same time to much cant be healthy" ]

[ "Cooking", "Cooking", "Cooking", "Cooking" ]

[ "Underwater diving\nHave you ever been underwater diving? I wonder how people breathe for a long time ", "Oh wow that sounds like fun! How long does the oxygen tank last on that? and where do you do your diving at?", "Do you see any sea animals while diving? Have you ever had an interaction with a shark?", "I saw the movie but i never read the book! I never knew their was a book! Was it similar to the movie?", "Yea, that shark was very scary!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Underwater diving, as a human activity, is the practice of descending below the water's surface to interact with the environment.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Immersion in water and exposure to high ambient pressure have physiological effects that limit the depths and duration possible in ambient pressure diving.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Humans are not physiologically and anatomically well adapted to the environmental conditions of diving, and various equipment has been developed to extend the depth and duration of human dives, and allow different types of work to be done.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ In ambient pressure diving, the diver is directly exposed to the pressure of the surrounding water.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ The ambient pressure diver may dive on breath-hold, or use breathing apparatus for scuba diving or surface-supplied diving, and the saturation diving technique reduces the risk of decompression sickness (DCS) after long-duration deep dives.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Atmospheric diving suits (ADS) may be used to isolate the diver from high ambient pressure.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Crewed submersibles can extend depth range, and remotely controlled or robotic machines can reduce risk to humans.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ The environment exposes the diver to a wide range of hazards, and though the risks are largely controlled by appropriate diving skills, training, types of equipment and breathing gases used depending on the mode, depth and purpose of diving, it remains a relatively dangerous activity.", "Diving safety __knowledge__ The safety of underwater diving depends on four factors: the environment, the equipment, behaviour of the individual diver and performance of the dive team.", "Diving safety __knowledge__ The underwater environment can impose severe physical and psychological stress on a diver, and is mostly beyond the diver's control.", "Diving safety __knowledge__ Equipment is used to operate underwater for anything beyond very short periods, and the reliable function of some of the equipment is critical to even short term survival.", "Diving safety __knowledge__ Other equipment allows the diver to operate in relative comfort and efficiency.", "Diving safety __knowledge__ The performance of the individual diver depends on learned skills, many of which are not intuitive, and the performance of the team depends on communication and common goals.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Scuba diving is a form of underwater diving where the diver uses a self-contained underwater breathing apparatus (scuba) which is completely independent of surface supply, to breathe underwater.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Scuba divers carry their own source of breathing gas, usually compressed air, allowing them greater independence and freedom of movement than surface-supplied divers, and longer underwater endurance than breath-hold divers.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Open circuit scuba systems discharge the breathing gas into the environment as it is exhaled, and consist of one or more diving cylinders containing breathing gas at high pressure which is supplied to the diver through a regulator.", "Physiology of underwater diving __knowledge__ Physiology of underwater diving is the physiological influences of the underwater environment on the physiology of air-breathing animals, and the adaptations to operating underwater, both during breath-hold dives and while breathing at ambient pressure from a suitable breathing gas supply.", "Physiology of underwater diving __knowledge__ It, therefore, includes both the physiology of breath-hold diving in humans and other air-breathing animals, and the range of physiological effects generally limited to human ambient pressure divers either freediving or using underwater breathing apparatus.", "Physiology of underwater diving __knowledge__ Several factors influence the diver, including immersion, exposure to the water, the limitations of breath-hold endurance, variations in ambient pressure, the effects of breathing gases at raised ambient pressure, effects caused by the use of breathing apparatus, and sensory impairment.", "History of underwater diving __knowledge__ The history of underwater diving starts with freediving as a widespread means of hunting and gathering, both for food and other valuable resources such as pearls and coral, By classical Greek and Roman times commercial applications such as sponge diving and marine salvage were established, Military diving also has a long history, going back at least as far as the Peloponnesian War, with recreational and sporting applications being a recent development.", "History of underwater diving __knowledge__ Technological development in ambient pressure diving started with stone weights (skandalopetra) for fast descent.", "History of underwater diving __knowledge__ In the 16th and 17th centuries diving bells became functionally useful when a renewable supply of air could be provided to the diver at depth, and progressed to surface supplied diving helmets - in effect miniature diving bells covering the diver's head and supplied with compressed air by manually operated pumps - which were improved by attaching a waterproof suit to the helmet and in the early 19th century became the standard diving dress.", "Scuba set __knowledge__ A scuba set is any breathing apparatus that is carried entirely by an underwater diver and provides the diver with breathing gas at the ambient pressure.", "Scuba set __knowledge__ (Scuba is an anacronym for self-contained underwater breathing apparatus.)", "Scuba set __knowledge__ Although strictly speaking the scuba set is only the diving equipment which is required for providing breathing gas to the diver, general usage includes the harness by which it is carried, and those accessories which are integral parts of the harness and breathing apparatus assembly, such as a jacket or wing style buoyancy compensator and instruments mounted in a combined housing with the pressure gauge, and in the looser sense it has been used to refer to any diving equipment used by the scuba diver, though this would more commonly and accurately be termed scuba equipment.", "Rebreather __knowledge__ A rebreather is a breathing apparatus that absorbs the carbon dioxide of a user's exhaled breath to permit the rebreathing (recycling) of the substantially unused oxygen content, and unused inert content when present, of each breath.", "Rebreather __knowledge__ Oxygen is added to replenish the amount metabolised by the user.", "Rebreather __knowledge__ This differs from an open-circuit breathing apparatus, where the exhaled gas is discharged directly into the environment.", "Rebreather __knowledge__ Rebreather technology may be used where breathing gas supply is limited, such as underwater or in space, where the environment is toxic or hypoxic, as in firefighting, mine rescue and high-altitude operations, or where the breathing gas is specially enriched or contains expensive components, such as helium diluent or anaesthetic gases." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Underwater diving, as a human activity, is the practice of descending below the water's surface to interact with the environment.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Immersion in water and exposure to high ambient pressure have physiological effects that limit the depths and duration possible in ambient pressure diving.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Humans are not physiologically and anatomically well adapted to the environmental conditions of diving, and various equipment has been developed to extend the depth and duration of human dives, and allow different types of work to be done.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ In ambient pressure diving, the diver is directly exposed to the pressure of the surrounding water.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ The ambient pressure diver may dive on breath-hold, or use breathing apparatus for scuba diving or surface-supplied diving, and the saturation diving technique reduces the risk of decompression sickness (DCS) after long-duration deep dives.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Atmospheric diving suits (ADS) may be used to isolate the diver from high ambient pressure.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Crewed submersibles can extend depth range, and remotely controlled or robotic machines can reduce risk to humans.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ The environment exposes the diver to a wide range of hazards, and though the risks are largely controlled by appropriate diving skills, training, types of equipment and breathing gases used depending on the mode, depth and purpose of diving, it remains a relatively dangerous activity.", "Apollo 13 __knowledge__ Apollo 13 was the seventh manned mission in the Apollo space program and the third intended to land on the Moon.", "Apollo 13 __knowledge__ The craft was launched on April 11, 1970, at 14:13 EST (19:13 UTC) from the Kennedy Space Center, Florida, but the lunar landing was aborted after an oxygen tank exploded two days later, crippling the Service Module (SM) upon which the Command Module (CM) had depended.", "Apollo 13 __knowledge__ Despite great hardship caused by limited power, loss of cabin heat, shortage of potable water, and the critical need to make makeshift repairs to the carbon dioxide removal system, the crew returned safely to Earth on April 17, 1970, six days after launch.", "Rebreather __knowledge__ A rebreather is a breathing apparatus that absorbs the carbon dioxide of a user's exhaled breath to permit the rebreathing (recycling) of the substantially unused oxygen content, and unused inert content when present, of each breath.", "Rebreather __knowledge__ Oxygen is added to replenish the amount metabolised by the user.", "Rebreather __knowledge__ This differs from an open-circuit breathing apparatus, where the exhaled gas is discharged directly into the environment.", "Rebreather __knowledge__ Rebreather technology may be used where breathing gas supply is limited, such as underwater or in space, where the environment is toxic or hypoxic, as in firefighting, mine rescue and high-altitude operations, or where the breathing gas is specially enriched or contains expensive components, such as helium diluent or anaesthetic gases.", "Space Shuttle external tank __knowledge__ A Space Shuttle External Tank (ET) was the component of the Space Shuttle launch vehicle that contained the liquid hydrogen fuel and liquid oxygen oxidizer.", "Space Shuttle external tank __knowledge__ During lift-off and ascent it supplied the fuel and oxidizer under pressure to the three Space Shuttle Main Engines (SSME) in the orbiter.", "Space Shuttle external tank __knowledge__ The ET was jettisoned just over 10 seconds after MECO (Main Engine Cut Off), where the SSMEs were shut down, and re-entered the Earth's atmosphere.", "Space Shuttle external tank __knowledge__ Unlike the Solid Rocket Boosters, external tanks were not re-used.", "Space Shuttle external tank __knowledge__ They broke up before impact in the Indian Ocean (or Pacific Ocean in the case of direct-insertion launch trajectories), away from shipping lanes and were not recovered.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Steven Paul Jobs (; February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011) was an American entrepreneur, business magnate, inventor, and industrial designer.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was the chairman, chief executive officer (CEO), and co-founder of Apple Inc.; CEO and majority shareholder of Pixar; a member of The Walt Disney Company's board of directors following its acquisition of Pixar; and the founder, chairman, and CEO of NeXT.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Jobs and Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak are widely recognized as pioneers of the microcomputer revolution of the 1970s and 1980s.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was born in San Francisco to parents who had to put him up for adoption at birth; he was raised in the San Francisco Bay Area during the 1960s.", "Diving cylinder __knowledge__ A diving cylinder, scuba tank or diving tank is a gas cylinder used to store and transport the high pressure breathing gas required by a scuba set.", "Diving cylinder __knowledge__ It may also be used for surface-supplied diving or as decompression gas or an emergency gas supply for surface supplied diving or scuba.", "Diving cylinder __knowledge__ Cylinders provide gas to the diver through the demand valve of a diving regulator or the breathing loop of a diving rebreather.", "Diving cylinder __knowledge__ Diving cylinders are usually manufactured from aluminium or steel alloys, and are normally fitted with one of two common types of cylinder valve for filling and connection to the regulator.", "Oxy-fuel welding and cutting __knowledge__ Oxy-fuel welding (commonly called oxyacetylene welding, oxy welding, or gas welding in the U.S.) and oxy-fuel cutting are processes that use fuel gases and oxygen to weld and cut metals, respectively.", "Oxy-fuel welding and cutting __knowledge__ French engineers Edmond Fouché and Charles Picard became the first to develop oxygen-acetylene welding in 1903.", "Oxy-fuel welding and cutting __knowledge__ Pure oxygen, instead of air, is used to increase the flame temperature to allow localized melting of the workpiece material (e.g.", "Oxy-fuel welding and cutting __knowledge__ steel) in a room environment.", "Oxy-fuel welding and cutting __knowledge__ A common propane/air flame burns at about , a propane/oxygen flame burns at about , an oxyhydrogen flame burns at , and an acetylene/oxygen flame burns at about .", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Scuba diving is a form of underwater diving where the diver uses a self-contained underwater breathing apparatus (scuba) which is completely independent of surface supply, to breathe underwater.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Scuba divers carry their own source of breathing gas, usually compressed air, allowing them greater independence and freedom of movement than surface-supplied divers, and longer underwater endurance than breath-hold divers.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Open circuit scuba systems discharge the breathing gas into the environment as it is exhaled, and consist of one or more diving cylinders containing breathing gas at high pressure which is supplied to the diver through a regulator.", "Scuba set __knowledge__ A scuba set is any breathing apparatus that is carried entirely by an underwater diver and provides the diver with breathing gas at the ambient pressure.", "Scuba set __knowledge__ (Scuba is an anacronym for self-contained underwater breathing apparatus.)", "Scuba set __knowledge__ Although strictly speaking the scuba set is only the diving equipment which is required for providing breathing gas to the diver, general usage includes the harness by which it is carried, and those accessories which are integral parts of the harness and breathing apparatus assembly, such as a jacket or wing style buoyancy compensator and instruments mounted in a combined housing with the pressure gauge, and in the looser sense it has been used to refer to any diving equipment used by the scuba diver, though this would more commonly and accurately be termed scuba equipment.", "Surface-supplied diving __knowledge__ Surface-supplied diving is diving using equipment supplied with breathing gas using a diver's umbilical from the surface, either from the shore or from a diving support vessel, sometimes indirectly via a diving bell.", "Surface-supplied diving __knowledge__ This is different from scuba diving, where the diver's breathing equipment is completely self-contained and there is no link to the surface.", "Surface-supplied diving __knowledge__ The primary advantages of conventional surface supplied diving are lower risk of drowning and considerably larger breathing gas supply than scuba, allowing longer working periods and safer decompression.", "Surface-supplied diving __knowledge__ The copper helmeted free-flow standard diving dress is the version which made commercial diving a viable occupation, and although still used in some regions, this heavy equipment has been superseded by lighter free-flow helmets, and to a large extent, lightweight demand helmets, band masks and full-face diving masks.", "Solo diving __knowledge__ Solo diving is the practice of underwater diving alone without a \"dive buddy\", particularly with reference to scuba diving, but the term is also applied to freediving.", "Solo diving __knowledge__ Surface supplied diving and atmospheric suit diving are frequently done by a single diver, but there is a support team on the surface dedicated to the safety of the diver in those cases, and the term is not generally applied.", "Solo diving __knowledge__ It is a practice which has occurred throughout the history of diving but since the development of formalised recreational diver training, it was deemed by some recreational certification agencies to be unacceptably dangerous, and the practice of buddy diving has been recommended as a means of mitigating the solo diving risks.", "Snorkeling __knowledge__ Snorkeling (British and Commonwealth English spelling: snorkelling) is the practice of swimming on or through a body of water while equipped with a diving mask, a shaped breathing tube called a snorkel, and usually swimfins.", "Snorkeling __knowledge__ In cooler waters, a wetsuit may also be worn.", "Snorkeling __knowledge__ Use of this equipment allows the snorkeler to observe underwater attractions for extended periods with relatively little effort and to breathe while face-down at the surface.", "Snorkeling __knowledge__ Snorkeling is a popular recreational activity, particularly at tropical resort locations.", "Snorkeling __knowledge__ The primary appeal is the opportunity to observe underwater life in a natural setting without the complicated equipment and training required for scuba diving.", "Scuba skills __knowledge__ Scuba skills are the skills required to dive safely using self-contained underwater breathing apparatus, (scuba).", "Scuba skills __knowledge__ Most of these skills are relevant to both open circuit and rebreather scuba, and many are also relevant to surface-supplied diving.", "Scuba skills __knowledge__ Those skills which are critical to the safety of the diver may require more practice than is usually provided during training to achieve reliable long-term proficiency Some of the skills are generally accepted by recreational diver certification agencies as necessary for any scuba diver to be considered competent to dive without direct supervision, and others are more advanced, though some diver certification and accreditation organizations may consider some of these to also be essential for minimum acceptable entry level competence." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Underwater diving, as a human activity, is the practice of descending below the water's surface to interact with the environment.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Immersion in water and exposure to high ambient pressure have physiological effects that limit the depths and duration possible in ambient pressure diving.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Humans are not physiologically and anatomically well adapted to the environmental conditions of diving, and various equipment has been developed to extend the depth and duration of human dives, and allow different types of work to be done.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ In ambient pressure diving, the diver is directly exposed to the pressure of the surrounding water.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ The ambient pressure diver may dive on breath-hold, or use breathing apparatus for scuba diving or surface-supplied diving, and the saturation diving technique reduces the risk of decompression sickness (DCS) after long-duration deep dives.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Atmospheric diving suits (ADS) may be used to isolate the diver from high ambient pressure.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Crewed submersibles can extend depth range, and remotely controlled or robotic machines can reduce risk to humans.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ The environment exposes the diver to a wide range of hazards, and though the risks are largely controlled by appropriate diving skills, training, types of equipment and breathing gases used depending on the mode, depth and purpose of diving, it remains a relatively dangerous activity.", "William Beebe __knowledge__ William Beebe ( born Charles William Beebe; July 29, 1877 – June 4, 1962) was an American naturalist, ornithologist, marine biologist, entomologist, explorer, and author.", "William Beebe __knowledge__ He is remembered for the numerous expeditions he directed for the New York Zoological Society, his deep dives in the Bathysphere, and his prolific scientific writing for readers academic and popular.", "William Beebe __knowledge__ Born in Brooklyn, New York and raised in East Orange, New Jersey, Beebe quit college before obtaining a degree in order to work at the then newly opened New York Zoological Park, where he was given the duty of caring for the zoo's birds.", "Bathysphere __knowledge__ The Bathysphere (Greek: \"βαθύς\", \"bathus\", \"deep\" and \"σφαῖρα\", \"sphaira\", \"sphere\") was a unique spherical deep-sea submersible which was unpowered and lowered into the ocean on a cable, and was used to conduct a series of dives off the coast of Bermuda from 1930 to 1934.", "Bathysphere __knowledge__ The Bathysphere was designed in 1928 and 1929 by the American engineer Otis Barton, to be used by the naturalist William Beebe for studying undersea wildlife.", "Bathysphere __knowledge__ Beebe and Barton conducted dives in the Bathysphere together, marking the first time that a marine biologist observed deep-sea animals in their native environment.", "Bathysphere __knowledge__ Their dives set several consecutive world records for the deepest dive ever performed by a human.", "Great white shark __knowledge__ The great white shark (\"Carcharodon carcharias\"), commonly known as the great white or the white shark, is a species of large mackerel shark which can be found in the coastal surface waters of all the major oceans.", "Great white shark __knowledge__ The great white shark is notable for its size, with larger female individuals growing to in length and in weight at maturity.", "Great white shark __knowledge__ However most are smaller, males measuring and females on average.", "Great white shark __knowledge__ According to a 2014 study the lifespan of great white sharks is estimated to be as long as 70 years or more, well above previous estimates, making it one of the longest lived cartilaginous fish currently known.", "Dolphin __knowledge__ Dolphins are a widely distributed and diverse group of aquatic mammals.", "Dolphin __knowledge__ They are an informal grouping within the order Cetacea, excluding whales and porpoises, so to zoologists the grouping is paraphyletic.", "Dolphin __knowledge__ The dolphins comprise the extant families Delphinidae (the oceanic dolphins), Platanistidae (the Indian river dolphins), Iniidae (the new world river dolphins), and Pontoporiidae (the brackish dolphins), and the extinct Lipotidae (baiji or Chinese river dolphin).", "Dolphin __knowledge__ There are 40 extant species of dolphins.", "Dolphin __knowledge__ Dolphins, alongside other cetaceans, belong to the clade Cetartiodactyla with even-toed ungulates.", "Jaws (film) __knowledge__ Jaws is a 1975 American thriller film directed by Steven Spielberg and based on Peter Benchley's 1974 novel of the same name.", "Jaws (film) __knowledge__ In the story, a giant man-eating great white shark attacks beachgoers on Amity Island, a fictional New England summer resort town, prompting the local police chief to hunt it with the help of a marine biologist and a professional shark hunter.", "Jaws (film) __knowledge__ The film stars Roy Scheider as police chief Martin Brody, Robert Shaw as shark hunter Quint, Richard Dreyfuss as oceanographer Matt Hooper, Murray Hamilton as Larry Vaughn, the mayor of Amity Island, and Lorraine Gary as Brody's wife, Ellen.", "Monterey Bay Aquarium __knowledge__ Monterey Bay Aquarium is a nonprofit public aquarium in Monterey, California.", "Monterey Bay Aquarium __knowledge__ The aquarium is known for its regional focus on the marine habitats of Monterey Bay, being the first institution to exhibit a living kelp forest.", "Monterey Bay Aquarium __knowledge__ Its biologists have pioneered the animal husbandry of jellyfish and, , it remains the only public aquarium to have successfully exhibited a great white shark for longer than 16 days.", "Monterey Bay Aquarium __knowledge__ The aquarium participates in various animal breeding programs, publishes scientific research, and hosts and partakes in conferences.", "Monterey Bay Aquarium __knowledge__ Seafood Watch, the aquarium's seafood consumer awareness program, has had an influential role among consumers and businesses in enhancing sustainable fishing practices.", "Tiger shark __knowledge__ The tiger shark (\"Galeocerdo cuvier\") is a species of requiem shark and the only extant member of the genus Galeocerdo.", "Tiger shark __knowledge__ It is a large macropredator, capable of attaining a length over .", "Tiger shark __knowledge__ Populations are found in many tropical and temperate waters, especially around central Pacific islands.", "Tiger shark __knowledge__ Its name derives from the dark stripes down its body, which resemble a tiger's pattern but fade as the shark matures.", "Tiger shark __knowledge__ The tiger shark is a solitary, mostly nocturnal hunter.", "Tiger shark __knowledge__ It is notable for having the widest food spectrum of all sharks, with a range of prey that includes crustaceans, fish, seals, birds, squid, turtles, sea snakes, dolphins, and even other smaller sharks.", "Scuba set __knowledge__ A scuba set is any breathing apparatus that is carried entirely by an underwater diver and provides the diver with breathing gas at the ambient pressure.", "Scuba set __knowledge__ (Scuba is an anacronym for self-contained underwater breathing apparatus.)", "Scuba set __knowledge__ Although strictly speaking the scuba set is only the diving equipment which is required for providing breathing gas to the diver, general usage includes the harness by which it is carried, and those accessories which are integral parts of the harness and breathing apparatus assembly, such as a jacket or wing style buoyancy compensator and instruments mounted in a combined housing with the pressure gauge, and in the looser sense it has been used to refer to any diving equipment used by the scuba diver, though this would more commonly and accurately be termed scuba equipment.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Scuba diving is a form of underwater diving where the diver uses a self-contained underwater breathing apparatus (scuba) which is completely independent of surface supply, to breathe underwater.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Scuba divers carry their own source of breathing gas, usually compressed air, allowing them greater independence and freedom of movement than surface-supplied divers, and longer underwater endurance than breath-hold divers.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Open circuit scuba systems discharge the breathing gas into the environment as it is exhaled, and consist of one or more diving cylinders containing breathing gas at high pressure which is supplied to the diver through a regulator.", "Diving cylinder __knowledge__ A diving cylinder, scuba tank or diving tank is a gas cylinder used to store and transport the high pressure breathing gas required by a scuba set.", "Diving cylinder __knowledge__ It may also be used for surface-supplied diving or as decompression gas or an emergency gas supply for surface supplied diving or scuba.", "Diving cylinder __knowledge__ Cylinders provide gas to the diver through the demand valve of a diving regulator or the breathing loop of a diving rebreather.", "Diving cylinder __knowledge__ Diving cylinders are usually manufactured from aluminium or steel alloys, and are normally fitted with one of two common types of cylinder valve for filling and connection to the regulator.", "Diving safety __knowledge__ The safety of underwater diving depends on four factors: the environment, the equipment, behaviour of the individual diver and performance of the dive team.", "Diving safety __knowledge__ The underwater environment can impose severe physical and psychological stress on a diver, and is mostly beyond the diver's control.", "Diving safety __knowledge__ Equipment is used to operate underwater for anything beyond very short periods, and the reliable function of some of the equipment is critical to even short term survival.", "Diving safety __knowledge__ Other equipment allows the diver to operate in relative comfort and efficiency.", "Diving safety __knowledge__ The performance of the individual diver depends on learned skills, many of which are not intuitive, and the performance of the team depends on communication and common goals.", "Decompression practice __knowledge__ The practice of decompression by divers comprises the planning and monitoring of the profile indicated by the algorithms or tables of the chosen decompression model, to allow asymptomatic and harmless release of excess inert gases dissolved in the tissues as a result of breathing at ambient pressures greater than surface atmospheric pressure, the equipment available and appropriate to the circumstances of the dive, and the procedures authorized for the equipment and profile to be used.", "Decompression practice __knowledge__ There is a large range of options in all of these aspects.", "Decompression practice __knowledge__ Decompression may be continuous or staged, where the ascent is interrupted by stops at regular depth intervals, but the entire ascent is part of the decompression, and ascent rate can be critical to harmless elimination of inert gas.", "Scuba skills __knowledge__ Scuba skills are the skills required to dive safely using self-contained underwater breathing apparatus, (scuba).", "Scuba skills __knowledge__ Most of these skills are relevant to both open circuit and rebreather scuba, and many are also relevant to surface-supplied diving.", "Scuba skills __knowledge__ Those skills which are critical to the safety of the diver may require more practice than is usually provided during training to achieve reliable long-term proficiency Some of the skills are generally accepted by recreational diver certification agencies as necessary for any scuba diver to be considered competent to dive without direct supervision, and others are more advanced, though some diver certification and accreditation organizations may consider some of these to also be essential for minimum acceptable entry level competence." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Underwater diving, as a human activity, is the practice of descending below the water's surface to interact with the environment.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Immersion in water and exposure to high ambient pressure have physiological effects that limit the depths and duration possible in ambient pressure diving.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Humans are not physiologically and anatomically well adapted to the environmental conditions of diving, and various equipment has been developed to extend the depth and duration of human dives, and allow different types of work to be done.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ In ambient pressure diving, the diver is directly exposed to the pressure of the surrounding water.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ The ambient pressure diver may dive on breath-hold, or use breathing apparatus for scuba diving or surface-supplied diving, and the saturation diving technique reduces the risk of decompression sickness (DCS) after long-duration deep dives.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Atmospheric diving suits (ADS) may be used to isolate the diver from high ambient pressure.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Crewed submersibles can extend depth range, and remotely controlled or robotic machines can reduce risk to humans.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ The environment exposes the diver to a wide range of hazards, and though the risks are largely controlled by appropriate diving skills, training, types of equipment and breathing gases used depending on the mode, depth and purpose of diving, it remains a relatively dangerous activity.", "Mauro De Mauro __knowledge__ Mauro De Mauro (born September 6, 1921 – disappeared September 16, 1970) was an Italian investigative journalist.", "Mauro De Mauro __knowledge__ Originally a supporter of the Fascist regime of Benito Mussolini he eventually became a journalist with the left-leaning newspaper \"L'Ora\" in Palermo.", "Mauro De Mauro __knowledge__ He disappeared in September 1970 and his body has not yet been found.", "Mauro De Mauro __knowledge__ The disappearance and probable death of the \"inconvenient journalist\" (\"giornalista scomodo\") – as he became known as a result of his investigative reporting – remains one of the unsolved mysteries in Italian history.", "Mauro De Mauro __knowledge__ Several explanations for his disappearance are current.", "Enrico Mattei __knowledge__ Enrico Mattei (April 29, 1906 – October 27, 1962) was an Italian public administrator.", "Enrico Mattei __knowledge__ After World War II he was given the task of dismantling the Italian Petroleum Agency Agip, a state enterprise established by the Fascist regime.", "Enrico Mattei __knowledge__ Instead Mattei enlarged and reorganized it into the National Fuel Trust, \"Ente Nazionale Idrocarburi\" (ENI).", "Enrico Mattei __knowledge__ Under his direction ENI negotiated important oil concessions in the Middle East as well as a significant trade agreement with the Soviet Union which helped break the oligopoly of the 'Seven Sisters' that dominated the mid 20th century oil industry.", "Enrico Mattei __knowledge__ He also introduced the principle whereby the country that owned exploited oil reserves received 75% of the profits.", "Bruno Mattei __knowledge__ Bruno Mattei (30 July 1931 – 21 May 2007) was an Italian film director, screenwriter and editor who directed exploitation films in many genres, including women in prison, nunsploitation, zombie, cannibal and Naziploitation films.", "Bruno Mattei __knowledge__ Mattei's films were often following the popular genre trends of the era.", "Bruno Mattei __knowledge__ Mattei continued work as a director until his death in 2007.", "Bruno Mattei __knowledge__ Bruno Mattei was born on July 30, 1931 in Rome, Italy.", "Bruno Mattei __knowledge__ Mattei grew up around films as his father owned a film editing studio.", "Bruno Mattei __knowledge__ He studied at the Centro Sperimentale Centrale, the national film school, and graduated in 1951.", "Bruno Mattei __knowledge__ Mattei initially worked as a screenwriter and claimed to have worked on over 100 films as an editor, a claim that film historian Louis Paul stated was \"difficult to verify\".", "Mattei family __knowledge__ The House of Mattei was one of the most powerful noble families of Rome during the Middle Ages and early modern era, holding high positions in the papal curia and government office.", "Mattei family __knowledge__ The family amassed significant art collections under art enthusiasts such as Ciriaco Mattei.", "Mattei family __knowledge__ The Mattei gave eight Cardinals to the Catholic Church, among them Girolamo Mattei (1586), Gaspare Mattei (1643), Alessandro Mattei (1803), Mario Mattei (1832), Lorenzo Girolamo Mattei (1833) and (as late as 1875) Ruggero Luigi Emidio Antici Mattei.", "Mattei family __knowledge__ The founder of one powerful branch of the Mattei was Giovanni Giacomo Mattei.", "Enid Blyton __knowledge__ Enid Mary Blyton (11 August 1897 – 28 November 1968) was an English children's writer whose books have been among the world's best-sellers since the 1930s, selling more than 600 million copies.", "Enid Blyton __knowledge__ Blyton's books are still enormously popular, and have been translated into 90 languages; her first book, \"Child Whispers\", a 24-page collection of poems, was published in 1922.", "Enid Blyton __knowledge__ She wrote on a wide range of topics including education, natural history, fantasy, mystery, and biblical narratives and is best remembered today for her Noddy, Famous Five, and Secret Seven series.", "Enid Blyton __knowledge__ Following the commercial success of her early novels such as \"Adventures of the Wishing-Chair\" (1937) and \"The Enchanted Wood\" (1939), Blyton went on to build a literary empire, sometimes producing fifty books a year in addition to her prolific magazine and newspaper contributions.", "History of As the World Turns __knowledge__ As the World Turns is a long-running soap opera television series that aired on CBS from April 2, 1956, to September 17, 2010.", "History of As the World Turns __knowledge__ Its fictional world has a long and involved history.", "History of As the World Turns __knowledge__ List of characters who were part of the original cast: Like many daytime dramas of the period, the show entered into a mixed experiment with heavily youth-oriented action-adventure storylines in the early 1980s under producer Mary-Ellis Bunim and writers Bridget and Jerome Dobson.", "History of As the World Turns __knowledge__ One of their juiciest stories centered around the various and sundry traumas endured by Jennifer's daughter Barbara Ryan (Colleen Zenk Pinter) - during the years of her marriage to the charismatic criminal James Stenbeck (Anthony Herrera) (This was after she had left Tom Hughes at the altar in June 1980).", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Jaws (film) __knowledge__ Jaws is a 1975 American thriller film directed by Steven Spielberg and based on Peter Benchley's 1974 novel of the same name.", "Jaws (film) __knowledge__ In the story, a giant man-eating great white shark attacks beachgoers on Amity Island, a fictional New England summer resort town, prompting the local police chief to hunt it with the help of a marine biologist and a professional shark hunter.", "Jaws (film) __knowledge__ The film stars Roy Scheider as police chief Martin Brody, Robert Shaw as shark hunter Quint, Richard Dreyfuss as oceanographer Matt Hooper, Murray Hamilton as Larry Vaughn, the mayor of Amity Island, and Lorraine Gary as Brody's wife, Ellen.", "Jaws (franchise) __knowledge__ Jaws is an American natural horror film series that started with a 1975 film that expanded into three sequels, a theme park ride, and other tie-in merchandise, based on a 1974 novel.", "Jaws (franchise) __knowledge__ The main subject of the saga is a great white shark, and its attacks on people in specific areas of the United States.", "Jaws (franchise) __knowledge__ The Brody family is featured in all of the films as the primary antithesis to the shark.", "Jaws (franchise) __knowledge__ The original film was based on a novel written by Peter Benchley, which itself was inspired by the Jersey Shore shark attacks of 1916.", "Jaws (franchise) __knowledge__ Benchley adapted his novel, along with help from Carl Gottlieb and Howard Sackler, into the 1975 film \"Jaws\", which was directed by Steven Spielberg.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Fish jaw __knowledge__ Most bony fishes have two sets of jaws made mainly of bone.", "Fish jaw __knowledge__ The primary oral jaws open and close the mouth, and a second set of pharyngeal jaws are positioned at the back of the throat.", "Fish jaw __knowledge__ The oral jaws are used to capture and manipulate prey by biting and crushing.", "Fish jaw __knowledge__ The pharyngeal jaws, so-called because they are positioned within the pharynx, are used to further process the food and move it from the mouth to the stomach.", "Fish jaw __knowledge__ Cartilaginous fishes, such as sharks and rays, have one set of oral jaws made mainly of cartilage.", "Fish jaw __knowledge__ They do not have pharyngeal jaws.", "Fish jaw __knowledge__ Generally jaws are articulated and oppose vertically, comprising an upper jaw and a lower jaw and can bear numerous ordered teeth.", "Shark __knowledge__ Sharks are a group of elasmobranch fish characterized by a cartilaginous skeleton, five to seven gill slits on the sides of the head, and pectoral fins that are not fused to the head.", "Shark __knowledge__ Modern sharks are classified within the clade Selachimorpha (or Selachii) and are the sister group to the rays.", "Shark __knowledge__ However, the term \"shark\" has also been used for extinct members of the subclass Elasmobranchii outside the Selachimorpha, such as \"Cladoselache\" and \"Xenacanthus\", as well as other Chondrichthyes such as the holocephalid eugenedontidans.", "Shark __knowledge__ Under this broader definition, the earliest known sharks date back to more than 420 million years ago.", "Jaws: The Revenge __knowledge__ Jaws: The Revenge is a 1987 American horror thriller film.", "Jaws: The Revenge __knowledge__ It was the final theatrical film to be directed by Joseph Sargent.", "Jaws: The Revenge __knowledge__ It is the third sequel to Steven Spielberg's \"Jaws\" and the fourth and final installment in the \"Jaws\" franchise.", "Jaws: The Revenge __knowledge__ The film focuses on a now-widowed Ellen Brody (Lorraine Gary) and her convictions that a great white shark is seeking revenge on her family, particularly when it kills her son and follows her to the Bahamas.", "Jaws: The Revenge __knowledge__ \"Jaws: The Revenge\" was shot on location in New England and in the Bahamas, and completed on the Universal lot.", "Jaws: The Revenge __knowledge__ Like the first two films, Martha's Vineyard was the location of the fictional Amity Island for the opening scenes." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Underwater diving, as a human activity, is the practice of descending below the water's surface to interact with the environment.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Immersion in water and exposure to high ambient pressure have physiological effects that limit the depths and duration possible in ambient pressure diving.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Humans are not physiologically and anatomically well adapted to the environmental conditions of diving, and various equipment has been developed to extend the depth and duration of human dives, and allow different types of work to be done.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ In ambient pressure diving, the diver is directly exposed to the pressure of the surrounding water.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ The ambient pressure diver may dive on breath-hold, or use breathing apparatus for scuba diving or surface-supplied diving, and the saturation diving technique reduces the risk of decompression sickness (DCS) after long-duration deep dives.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Atmospheric diving suits (ADS) may be used to isolate the diver from high ambient pressure.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Crewed submersibles can extend depth range, and remotely controlled or robotic machines can reduce risk to humans.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ The environment exposes the diver to a wide range of hazards, and though the risks are largely controlled by appropriate diving skills, training, types of equipment and breathing gases used depending on the mode, depth and purpose of diving, it remains a relatively dangerous activity.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Yea ( ) is a town in Victoria, Australia north-east of Melbourne at the junction of the Goulburn Valley Highway and the Melba Highway, in the Shire of Murrindindi local government area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ In an area originally inhabited by the Taungurong people, it was first visited by Europeans of the Hume and Hovell expedition in 1824, and within 15 years most of the land in the area had been taken up by graziers.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Surveyed in 1855, the township grew as a service centre for grazing, gold-mining and timber-getting in the area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ The town has had a fairly stable population (around 1,100) since 1900, though it now has a relatively old population.", "Jaws (film) __knowledge__ Jaws is a 1975 American thriller film directed by Steven Spielberg and based on Peter Benchley's 1974 novel of the same name.", "Jaws (film) __knowledge__ In the story, a giant man-eating great white shark attacks beachgoers on Amity Island, a fictional New England summer resort town, prompting the local police chief to hunt it with the help of a marine biologist and a professional shark hunter.", "Jaws (film) __knowledge__ The film stars Roy Scheider as police chief Martin Brody, Robert Shaw as shark hunter Quint, Richard Dreyfuss as oceanographer Matt Hooper, Murray Hamilton as Larry Vaughn, the mayor of Amity Island, and Lorraine Gary as Brody's wife, Ellen.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Lacy Walter Giles Yea (20 May 1808 – 18 June 1855) was a British Army colonel, known for his role in the Crimean War, where he was killed in action.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Born in Park Row, Bristol, on 20 May 1808, he was eldest son of Sir William Walter Yea, second baronet, of Pyrland, near Taunton, Somerset, who married, on 24 June 1805, Anne Heckstetter (d. 1846), youngest daughter of Colonel David Michel of Dulish House, Dorset.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Lacy Yea was educated at Eton College.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ He was commissioned as ensign in the 37th foot on 6 October 1825, obtained an unattached lieutenancy on 19 December 1826, was appointed to the 5th Foot on 13 March 1827, and exchanged to the 7th (Royal Fusiliers) on 13 March 1828.", "Shark __knowledge__ Sharks are a group of elasmobranch fish characterized by a cartilaginous skeleton, five to seven gill slits on the sides of the head, and pectoral fins that are not fused to the head.", "Shark __knowledge__ Modern sharks are classified within the clade Selachimorpha (or Selachii) and are the sister group to the rays.", "Shark __knowledge__ However, the term \"shark\" has also been used for extinct members of the subclass Elasmobranchii outside the Selachimorpha, such as \"Cladoselache\" and \"Xenacanthus\", as well as other Chondrichthyes such as the holocephalid eugenedontidans.", "Shark __knowledge__ Under this broader definition, the earliest known sharks date back to more than 420 million years ago.", "Great white shark __knowledge__ The great white shark (\"Carcharodon carcharias\"), commonly known as the great white or the white shark, is a species of large mackerel shark which can be found in the coastal surface waters of all the major oceans.", "Great white shark __knowledge__ The great white shark is notable for its size, with larger female individuals growing to in length and in weight at maturity.", "Great white shark __knowledge__ However most are smaller, males measuring and females on average.", "Great white shark __knowledge__ According to a 2014 study the lifespan of great white sharks is estimated to be as long as 70 years or more, well above previous estimates, making it one of the longest lived cartilaginous fish currently known.", "The Lone Shark __knowledge__ The Lone Shark was a weekly, 30-minute public-access television cable TV program which broadcast for ten years \"(1991–2001)\" on WFAC-TV \"(1991–2000)\" and SoundView Community Television \"(2000–2001)\".", "The Lone Shark __knowledge__ Both television stations were part of \"Cablevision of Southern Connecticut’s\" cable system, which spans the southwestern coast of Connecticut from the New York State border to the middle of New Haven County.", "The Lone Shark __knowledge__ \"The Lone Shark\" was hosted by the program's creator and Executive Producer Jim Sharky and co-hosted by the program's Producer Sean Haffner (a.k.a.", "The Lone Shark __knowledge__ \"″Sean The Producer″\").", "The Lone Shark __knowledge__ Although the program was unscripted, Sharky would usually have a list of topics that he wanted to discuss with Haffner on each episode.", "Shark finning __knowledge__ Shark finning refers to the removal of fins from sharks, often while the shark is alive.", "Shark finning __knowledge__ The sharks are sometimes discarded back to the ocean, still alive but without their fins.", "Shark finning __knowledge__ Unable to swim effectively, they sink to the bottom of the ocean and die of suffocation or are eaten by other predators.", "Shark finning __knowledge__ Shark finning at sea enables fishing vessels to increase profitability and increase the number of sharks harvested, as they only have to store and transport the fins, by far the most profitable part of the shark; the shark meat is bulky to transport.", "Shark finning __knowledge__ Some countries have banned this practice and require the whole shark to be brought back to port before removing the fins.", "Jaws (franchise) __knowledge__ Jaws is an American natural horror film series that started with a 1975 film that expanded into three sequels, a theme park ride, and other tie-in merchandise, based on a 1974 novel.", "Jaws (franchise) __knowledge__ The main subject of the saga is a great white shark, and its attacks on people in specific areas of the United States.", "Jaws (franchise) __knowledge__ The Brody family is featured in all of the films as the primary antithesis to the shark.", "Jaws (franchise) __knowledge__ The original film was based on a novel written by Peter Benchley, which itself was inspired by the Jersey Shore shark attacks of 1916.", "Jaws (franchise) __knowledge__ Benchley adapted his novel, along with help from Carl Gottlieb and Howard Sackler, into the 1975 film \"Jaws\", which was directed by Steven Spielberg.", "Steven Spielberg __knowledge__ Steven Allan Spielberg (born December 18, 1946) is an American director, producer, and screenwriter.", "Steven Spielberg __knowledge__ He is considered one of the founding pioneers of the New Hollywood era, as well as being viewed as one of the most popular directors and producers in film history.", "Steven Spielberg __knowledge__ He is also one of the co-founders of DreamWorks Studios.", "Steven Spielberg __knowledge__ In a career spanning more than four decades, Spielberg's films have spanned many themes and genres.", "Steven Spielberg __knowledge__ Spielberg's early science-fiction and adventure films, such as \"Jaws\" (1975), \"Close Encounters of the Third Kind\" (1977), \"Raiders of the Lost Ark\" (1981), and \"E.T.", "Steven Spielberg __knowledge__ the Extra-Terrestrial\" (1982), were seen as archetypes of modern Hollywood escapist filmmaking.", "Jaws (novel) __knowledge__ Jaws is a 1974 novel by American writer Peter Benchley.", "Jaws (novel) __knowledge__ It tells the story of a great white shark that preys upon a small resort town and the voyage of three men trying to kill it.", "Jaws (novel) __knowledge__ The novel grows out of Benchley's interest in shark attacks after he learned about the exploits of shark fisherman Frank Mundus in 1964.", "Jaws (novel) __knowledge__ Doubleday commissioned him to write the novel in 1971, a period when Benchley struggled as a freelance journalist.", "Jaws (novel) __knowledge__ Through a marketing campaign orchestrated by Doubleday and paperback publisher Bantam, \"Jaws\" was incorporated into many book sales clubs catalogues and attracted media interest.", "Jaws: The Revenge __knowledge__ Jaws: The Revenge is a 1987 American horror thriller film.", "Jaws: The Revenge __knowledge__ It was the final theatrical film to be directed by Joseph Sargent.", "Jaws: The Revenge __knowledge__ It is the third sequel to Steven Spielberg's \"Jaws\" and the fourth and final installment in the \"Jaws\" franchise.", "Jaws: The Revenge __knowledge__ The film focuses on a now-widowed Ellen Brody (Lorraine Gary) and her convictions that a great white shark is seeking revenge on her family, particularly when it kills her son and follows her to the Bahamas.", "Jaws: The Revenge __knowledge__ \"Jaws: The Revenge\" was shot on location in New England and in the Bahamas, and completed on the Universal lot.", "Jaws: The Revenge __knowledge__ Like the first two films, Martha's Vineyard was the location of the fictional Amity Island for the opening scenes.", "Jurassic Park (film) __knowledge__ Jurassic Park is a 1993 American science-fiction adventure film directed by Steven Spielberg and produced by Kathleen Kennedy and Gerald R. Molen.", "Jurassic Park (film) __knowledge__ The first installment in the \"Jurassic Park\" franchise, it is based on the 1990 novel of the same name by Michael Crichton and a screenplay written by Crichton and David Koepp.", "Jurassic Park (film) __knowledge__ The film is set on the fictional island of Isla Nublar, located off Central America's Pacific Coast near Costa Rica, where a billionaire philanthropist and a small team of genetic scientists have created a wildlife park of cloned dinosaurs.", "Jurassic Park (film) __knowledge__ Before Crichton's novel was published, four studios put in bids for its film rights.", "Stanley Kubrick __knowledge__ Stanley Kubrick (; July 26, 1928 – March 7, 1999) was an American film director, screenwriter, and producer.", "Stanley Kubrick __knowledge__ He is frequently cited as one of the greatest and most influential directors in cinematic history.", "Stanley Kubrick __knowledge__ His films, which are mostly adaptations of novels or short stories, cover a wide range of genres, and are noted for their realism, dark humor, unique cinematography, extensive set designs, and evocative use of music.", "Stanley Kubrick __knowledge__ Kubrick was raised in the Bronx, New York City, and attended William Howard Taft High School from 1941 to 1945.", "Stanley Kubrick __knowledge__ Although he only received average grades, Kubrick displayed a keen interest in literature, photography, and film from a young age, and taught himself all aspects of film production and directing after graduating from high school." ] ]

[ 14, 35, 25, 42, 60 ]

[ "I've done SCUBA diving before. I'm actually a rescue diver for my fire department too! I snorkel a lot as well. You?", "There are different sizes of breathing tanks, depending on the dive. We have a big river and a bunch of quarries nearby that I most frequently dive in. I've done ocean though too. ", "Nothing much besides fish. No sharks in this area, which I'm glad for. The movie Jaws made me scared of the ocean as a kid! You ever see that movie or read the book?", "The novel came out the year before the movie. The book was okay, but Spielberg really made you fear the shark in the movie. ", "Spielberg really has a way with making animals scare you. Jurassic Park had the same effect on me, and I loved dinosaurs as a kid." ]

[ "Underwater diving", "Underwater diving", "Underwater diving", "Underwater diving", "Underwater diving" ]

[ "Entomology\nnot sure what entomology is.", "oh ok thats cool/", "oh wow that makes sense.", "oh thats strange.", "Awesome, thanks for all the bug info." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Entomology __knowledge__ Entomology () is the scientific study of insects, a branch of zoology.", "Entomology __knowledge__ In the past the term \"insect\" was more vague, and historically the definition of entomology included the study of terrestrial animals in other arthropod groups or other phyla, such as arachnids, myriapods, earthworms, land snails, and slugs.", "Entomology __knowledge__ This wider meaning may still be encountered in informal use.", "Entomology __knowledge__ Like several of the other fields that are categorized within zoology, entomology is a taxon-based category; any form of scientific study in which there is a focus on insect-related inquiries is, by definition, entomology.", "Entomology __knowledge__ Entomology therefore overlaps with a cross-section of topics as diverse as molecular genetics, behavior, biomechanics, biochemistry, systematics, physiology, developmental biology, ecology, morphology, and paleontology.", "Entomology __knowledge__ At some 1.3 million described species, insects account for more than two-thirds of all known organisms, date back some 400 million years, and have many kinds of interactions with humans and other forms of life on earth.", "Entomology __knowledge__ Entomology is rooted in nearly all human cultures from prehistoric times, primarily in the context of agriculture (especially biological control and beekeeping), but scientific study began only as recently as the 16th century.", "List of schools and organizations related to forensic entomology __knowledge__ Forensic entomology is the study of insects related to humans.", "List of schools and organizations related to forensic entomology __knowledge__ There are three areas associated with forensic entomology; urban entomology, stored products entomology, and mediocriminal entomology.", "List of schools and organizations related to forensic entomology __knowledge__ This page deals only with the area of mediocriminology and the schools and organizations associated with it.", "List of schools and organizations related to forensic entomology __knowledge__ Mediocriminology is the interaction of the criminal justice system and the use of insects for investigations pertaining to the deaths of humans.", "List of schools and organizations related to forensic entomology __knowledge__ This is a growing science in which nations around the world are partaking in research to expand its applications.", "List of schools and organizations related to forensic entomology __knowledge__ The following list of schools and organizations is not comprehensive due to the ever-changing nature of forensic entomology.", "Forensic entomology and the law __knowledge__ Forensic entomology deals with the collection of arthropodic evidence and its application, and through a series of tests and previously set of rules, general admissibility of said evidence is determined.", "Forensic entomology and the law __knowledge__ Forensic entomology may come into play in a variety of legal cases, including crime scene investigation, abuse and neglect cases, accidents, insect infestation, and food contamination.", "Forensic entomology and the law __knowledge__ The admissibility of forensic evidence is left up to the judgement of the court.", "Forensic entomology and the law __knowledge__ To provide a strong basis of admissibility for the evidence, accurate documentation is essential so that there is no room for speculation as to the authenticity of the evidence.", "Forensic entomology __knowledge__ Forensic entomology is the scientific study of the invasion of the succession pattern of arthropods with their developmental stages of different species found on the decomposed cadavers during legal investigations.", "Forensic entomology __knowledge__ It is the application and study of insect and other arthropod biology to criminal matters.", "Forensic entomology __knowledge__ It also involves the application of the study of arthropods, including insects, arachnids, centipedes, millipedes, and crustaceans to criminal or legal cases.", "Forensic entomology __knowledge__ It is primarily associated with death investigations; however, it may also be used to detect drugs and poisons, determine the location of an incident, and find the presence and time of the infliction of wounds.", "Jane Wright (entomologist) __knowledge__ Jane Wright (born 1954 in Ontario, Canada) is an entomologist who discovered the dung beetle \"Neochara wrightee\" (named after her) while working for the Entomology division of Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) researching predatory dung beetles in Africa.", "Jane Wright (entomologist) __knowledge__ Wright earned her Bachelor of Science (Hons) degree from Queen’s University, Canada in 1976.", "Jane Wright (entomologist) __knowledge__ She earned her Masters of Science degree in 1978 from the University of Guelph, Canada while researching the biology of lady beetles.", "Jane Wright (entomologist) __knowledge__ She went on to earn her doctorate in 1984 from the University of California, Berkeley, USA while researching the biology of parasitic wasps.", "Insects in culture __knowledge__ The roles of insects in culture span different aspects of human life, whether analysed academically or more generally.", "Insects in culture __knowledge__ Academically, the interaction of insects and society has been treated in part as cultural entomology, dealing mostly with \"advanced\" societies, and in part as ethnoentomology, dealing mostly with \"primitive\" societies, though the distinction is weak and not based on theory.", "Insects in culture __knowledge__ Both academic disciplines explore the parallels, connections and influence of insects on human populations, and vice versa.", "Insects in culture __knowledge__ They are rooted in anthropology and natural history, as well as entomology, the study of insects.", "Department of Entomology, National Museum of Natural History __knowledge__ The Department of Entomology is a research department and collection unit of the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of Natural History (NMNH), located in Washington, DC.", "Department of Entomology, National Museum of Natural History __knowledge__ The department houses the U.S. National Insect Collection, one of the largest entomological collections in the world, with over 35 million specimens housed in 132,354 drawers, 33,000 jars or vials, and 23,000 slides in more than 5,200 cabinets.", "Department of Entomology, National Museum of Natural History __knowledge__ The department also includes research scientists and technical staff from the Smithsonian Institution, the United States Department of Agriculture Systematic Entomology Lab (SEL) and United States Department of Defense Walter Reed Biosystematics Unit (WRBU).", "Richard M. Bohart __knowledge__ Dr. Richard Mitchell Bohart (September 28, 1913 – February 1, 2007) was an American entomologist, university professor, and a member of the University of California, Davis Department of Entomology for more than 50 years.", "Richard M. Bohart __knowledge__ He became well known for the courses he taught in general entomology, insect systematics, and summer field courses in insect identification.", "Richard M. Bohart __knowledge__ From 1963 to 1967 he served as chair of the Department of Entomology for the University of California at Davis.", "Richard M. Bohart __knowledge__ In 1946 the Department of Entomology established a research oriented insect collection and Richard Bohart contributed research material in the Diptera, Hymenoptera, and Strepsiptera." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Entomology __knowledge__ Entomology () is the scientific study of insects, a branch of zoology.", "Entomology __knowledge__ In the past the term \"insect\" was more vague, and historically the definition of entomology included the study of terrestrial animals in other arthropod groups or other phyla, such as arachnids, myriapods, earthworms, land snails, and slugs.", "Entomology __knowledge__ This wider meaning may still be encountered in informal use.", "Entomology __knowledge__ Like several of the other fields that are categorized within zoology, entomology is a taxon-based category; any form of scientific study in which there is a focus on insect-related inquiries is, by definition, entomology.", "Entomology __knowledge__ Entomology therefore overlaps with a cross-section of topics as diverse as molecular genetics, behavior, biomechanics, biochemistry, systematics, physiology, developmental biology, ecology, morphology, and paleontology.", "Entomology __knowledge__ At some 1.3 million described species, insects account for more than two-thirds of all known organisms, date back some 400 million years, and have many kinds of interactions with humans and other forms of life on earth.", "Entomology __knowledge__ Entomology is rooted in nearly all human cultures from prehistoric times, primarily in the context of agriculture (especially biological control and beekeeping), but scientific study began only as recently as the 16th century.", "Design Manchester __knowledge__ Design Manchester is a not-for-profit organisation established to showcase design talent; support design skills, careers & enterprise; advance the contribution of design in the city and the regional economy; and promote the role of Manchester as a design city internationally.", "Design Manchester __knowledge__ It has a year-round programme of activities and events and organises Manchester’s annual citywide festival of design.", "Design Manchester __knowledge__ In 2013, graphic designers John Owens and Malcolm Garrett RDI and media publicist Fiona McGarva were asked by Professor David Crow, then the Dean of Manchester School of Art, to organise an event to mark the School’s 175th anniversary and the opening of the new Benzie Building designed by Feilden Clegg Bradley Studios.", "OK Go __knowledge__ OK Go is an American rock band originally from Chicago, Illinois, now based in Los Angeles, California.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The band is composed of Damian Kulash (lead vocals, guitar), Tim Nordwind (bass guitar and vocals), Dan Konopka (drums and percussion) and Andy Ross (guitar, keyboards and vocals), who joined them in 2005, replacing Andy Duncan.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The band is known for its often quirky and elaborate one-take music videos.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The original members formed as OK Go in 1998 and released two studio albums before Duncan's departure.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The band's video for \"Here It Goes Again\" won a Grammy Award for Best Music Video in 2007.", "OK __knowledge__ \"OK\" (; spelling variations include \"okay\", \"O.K.", "OK __knowledge__ \", \"ok\") is an English word denoting approval, acceptance, agreement, assent, or acknowledgment.", "OK __knowledge__ \"OK\" is frequently used as a loanword in other languages.", "OK __knowledge__ It has been described as the most frequently spoken or written word on the planet.", "OK __knowledge__ As an adjective, \"OK\" principally means \"adequate\" or \"acceptable\" as a contrast to \"bad\" (\"The boss approved this, so it is OK to send out\"); it can also mean \"mediocre\" when used in contrast with \"good\" (\"The french fries were great, but the burger was just OK\").", "OK __knowledge__ It fulfills a similar role as an adverb (\"Wow, you did OK for your first time skiing!\").", "One Ok Rock __knowledge__ One Ok Rock, stylized as ONE OK ROCK (pronounced in Japanese as \"one o'clock\"), is a Japanese rock band formed in Tokyo, Japan in 2005.", "One Ok Rock __knowledge__ The band currently consists of Takahiro Moriuchi (vocals), Toru Yamashita (guitar/leader), Ryota Kohama (bass), and Tomoya Kanki (drums).", "One Ok Rock __knowledge__ They have been playing many different styles of rock music, with songs ranging from alternative rock to emo to post-hardcore to pop rock.", "One Ok Rock __knowledge__ The band's name, ONE OK ROCK, comes from \"one o'clock\", the time that the band used to practice on weekends.", "One Ok Rock __knowledge__ They chose to play at one o'clock in the morning because it was cheaper to use the rehearsal space during such hours.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ OK Computer is the third studio album by English alternative rock band Radiohead, released on 16 June 1997 on EMI subsidiaries Parlophone and Capitol Records.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ The members of Radiohead self-produced the album with Nigel Godrich, an arrangement they have used for their subsequent albums.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ Other than the song \"Lucky\", which was recorded in 1995, Radiohead recorded the album in Oxfordshire and Bath between 1996 and early 1997, mostly in the historic mansion St Catherine's Court.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ The band made a deliberate attempt to distance themselves from the guitar-oriented, lyrically introspective style of their previous album, \"The Bends\".", "Son of Rambow __knowledge__ Son of Rambow is a 2007 British-American-French-German comedy film written and directed by Garth Jennings.", "Son of Rambow __knowledge__ The film premiered on 22 January 2007 at the Sundance Film Festival.", "Son of Rambow __knowledge__ It was later shown at the Newport Beach Film Festival, Seattle International Film Festival, Toronto International Film Festival and Glasgow Film Festival.", "Son of Rambow __knowledge__ The film was also shown at the 51st BFI London Film Festival.", "Son of Rambow __knowledge__ \"Son of Rambow\" was released in the United Kingdom on 4 April 2008 and opened in limited release in the United States on 2 May 2008.", "Son of Rambow __knowledge__ Set over a summer during the dawn of Thatcher's Britain, the film is a coming of age story about two schoolboys and their attempts to make an amateur film inspired by \"First Blood\".", "Outline of the United States __knowledge__ The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to the United States of America: Geography of the United States Environment of the United States List of regions of the United States The geography of the United States varies across their immense area.", "Outline of the United States __knowledge__ Within the contential U.S., eight distinct physiographic divisions exist, though each is composed of several smaller physiographic subdivisions.", "Outline of the United States __knowledge__ These major divisions are: At the Declaration of Independence, the United States consisted of 13 states, former colonies of the United Kingdom.", "Outline of the United States __knowledge__ In the following years, the number of states has grown steadily due to expansion to the west, conquest and purchase of lands by the American government, and division of existing states to the current number of 50 United States: Territories of the United States AK - AL - AR - AZ - CA - CO - CT - DC - DE - FL - GA - HI - IA - ID - IL - IN - KS - KY - LA - MA - MD - ME - MI - MN - MO - MS - MT - NC - ND - NE - NH - NM - NV - NJ - NY - OH - OK - OR - PA - RI - SC - SD - TN - TX - UT - VA - VT - WA - WI - WV - WY AS - GU - MP - PR - VI Demography of the United States AK - AL - AR - AZ - CA - CO - CT - DC - DE - FL - GA - HI - IA - ID - IL - IN - KS - KY - LA - MA - MD - ME - MI - MN - MO - MS - MT - NC - ND - NE - NH - NM - NV - NJ - NY - OH - OK - OR - PA - RI - SC - SD - TN - TX - UT - VA - VT - WA - WI - WV - WY AS - GU - MP - PR - VI AK - AL - AR - AZ - CA - CO - CT - DC - DE - FL - GA - HI - IA - ID - IL - IN - KS - KY - LA - MA - MD - ME - MI - MN - MO - MS - MT - NC - ND - NE - NH - NM - NV - NJ - NY - OH - OK - OR - PA - RI - SC - SD - TN - TX - UT - VA - VT - WA - WI - WV - WY AS - GU - MP - PR - VI Federal government of the United States All departments are listed by their present-day name and only departments with past or present cabinet-level status are listed.", "Forensic entomology __knowledge__ Forensic entomology is the scientific study of the invasion of the succession pattern of arthropods with their developmental stages of different species found on the decomposed cadavers during legal investigations.", "Forensic entomology __knowledge__ It is the application and study of insect and other arthropod biology to criminal matters.", "Forensic entomology __knowledge__ It also involves the application of the study of arthropods, including insects, arachnids, centipedes, millipedes, and crustaceans to criminal or legal cases.", "Forensic entomology __knowledge__ It is primarily associated with death investigations; however, it may also be used to detect drugs and poisons, determine the location of an incident, and find the presence and time of the infliction of wounds.", "List of schools and organizations related to forensic entomology __knowledge__ Forensic entomology is the study of insects related to humans.", "List of schools and organizations related to forensic entomology __knowledge__ There are three areas associated with forensic entomology; urban entomology, stored products entomology, and mediocriminal entomology.", "List of schools and organizations related to forensic entomology __knowledge__ This page deals only with the area of mediocriminology and the schools and organizations associated with it.", "List of schools and organizations related to forensic entomology __knowledge__ Mediocriminology is the interaction of the criminal justice system and the use of insects for investigations pertaining to the deaths of humans.", "List of schools and organizations related to forensic entomology __knowledge__ This is a growing science in which nations around the world are partaking in research to expand its applications.", "List of schools and organizations related to forensic entomology __knowledge__ The following list of schools and organizations is not comprehensive due to the ever-changing nature of forensic entomology.", "Insects in culture __knowledge__ The roles of insects in culture span different aspects of human life, whether analysed academically or more generally.", "Insects in culture __knowledge__ Academically, the interaction of insects and society has been treated in part as cultural entomology, dealing mostly with \"advanced\" societies, and in part as ethnoentomology, dealing mostly with \"primitive\" societies, though the distinction is weak and not based on theory.", "Insects in culture __knowledge__ Both academic disciplines explore the parallels, connections and influence of insects on human populations, and vice versa.", "Insects in culture __knowledge__ They are rooted in anthropology and natural history, as well as entomology, the study of insects.", "Forensic entomology and the law __knowledge__ Forensic entomology deals with the collection of arthropodic evidence and its application, and through a series of tests and previously set of rules, general admissibility of said evidence is determined.", "Forensic entomology and the law __knowledge__ Forensic entomology may come into play in a variety of legal cases, including crime scene investigation, abuse and neglect cases, accidents, insect infestation, and food contamination.", "Forensic entomology and the law __knowledge__ The admissibility of forensic evidence is left up to the judgement of the court.", "Forensic entomology and the law __knowledge__ To provide a strong basis of admissibility for the evidence, accurate documentation is essential so that there is no room for speculation as to the authenticity of the evidence.", "John Curtis (entomologist) __knowledge__ John Curtis (Born: Norwich, 3 September 1791: Died: 18 Belitha-villas, Islington, London: 6 October 1862) - English entomologist and illustrator.", "John Curtis (entomologist) __knowledge__ John Curtis (1791-1862) In John Curtis we have lost one the most successful cultivators of British zoology and entomology, one of the most accomplished delineators of insects, and one of the closest observers of the phenomena of insect life.", "John Curtis (entomologist) __knowledge__ Mr. Curtis was born at Norwich, on 3 December 1791, and died on 6 October 1862.", "John Curtis (entomologist) __knowledge__ His father having died before the son had reached his fourth year, his training developed upon his mother, whose lover of flowers had no doubt great influence in the developing of that love of nature which he very early manifested.", "Insect __knowledge__ Insects or Insecta (from Latin ', a calque of Greek ['], \"cut into sections\") are by far the largest group of hexapod invertebrates within the arthropod phylum.", "Insect __knowledge__ Definitions and circumscriptions vary; in one approach insects comprise a class within the Phylum Arthropoda.", "Insect __knowledge__ As the term is used here, it is synonymous with Ectognatha.", "Insect __knowledge__ Insects have a chitinous exoskeleton, a three-part body (head, thorax and abdomen), three pairs of jointed legs, compound eyes and one pair of antennae.", "Insect __knowledge__ They are the most diverse group of animals on the planet, including more than a million described species and representing more than half of all known living organisms." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Entomology __knowledge__ Entomology () is the scientific study of insects, a branch of zoology.", "Entomology __knowledge__ In the past the term \"insect\" was more vague, and historically the definition of entomology included the study of terrestrial animals in other arthropod groups or other phyla, such as arachnids, myriapods, earthworms, land snails, and slugs.", "Entomology __knowledge__ This wider meaning may still be encountered in informal use.", "Entomology __knowledge__ Like several of the other fields that are categorized within zoology, entomology is a taxon-based category; any form of scientific study in which there is a focus on insect-related inquiries is, by definition, entomology.", "Entomology __knowledge__ Entomology therefore overlaps with a cross-section of topics as diverse as molecular genetics, behavior, biomechanics, biochemistry, systematics, physiology, developmental biology, ecology, morphology, and paleontology.", "Entomology __knowledge__ At some 1.3 million described species, insects account for more than two-thirds of all known organisms, date back some 400 million years, and have many kinds of interactions with humans and other forms of life on earth.", "Entomology __knowledge__ Entomology is rooted in nearly all human cultures from prehistoric times, primarily in the context of agriculture (especially biological control and beekeeping), but scientific study began only as recently as the 16th century.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ \"Wow Oh Wow\" is a song by Irish hip pop duo Jedward.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It is the third single released from their second album, \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It was released as a digital download on 18 November 2011.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song is written by Oritsé Williams of boy band JLS, and songwriters Johannes Joergensen, Savan Kotecha, Daniel Klein of Deekay.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ In September 2011, \"Wow Oh Wow\" was announced as the third single from \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ Jedward debuted the song on Irish chat show \"The Late Late Show\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song was released as a digital-only single.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The music video was directed by Dale \"Rage\" Resteghini and filmed in Los Angeles, California in October 2011.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Steven Paul Jobs (; February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011) was an American entrepreneur, business magnate, inventor, and industrial designer.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was the chairman, chief executive officer (CEO), and co-founder of Apple Inc.; CEO and majority shareholder of Pixar; a member of The Walt Disney Company's board of directors following its acquisition of Pixar; and the founder, chairman, and CEO of NeXT.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Jobs and Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak are widely recognized as pioneers of the microcomputer revolution of the 1970s and 1980s.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was born in San Francisco to parents who had to put him up for adoption at birth; he was raised in the San Francisco Bay Area during the 1960s.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Those Darlins was a rock and roll band from Nashville, Tennessee active between 2006 and 2016.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The group has released three albums, their alt-country-leaning self-titled debut \"Those Darlins\" in 2009, the garage rock influenced \"Screws Get Loose\" in 2011, and the more classic rock and roll \"Blur the Line\" in 2013.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The band also owns and operates its own record label, Oh Wow Dang Records.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The band entered into a hiatus in 2016.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Lead singer Jessi Zazu died from cancer on September 12, 2017.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Jessi Zazu, Nikki Kvarnes, and Kelley Anderson formed Those Darlins after meeting at the Southern Girls Rock & Roll Camp in Murfreesboro, Tennessee.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"OMG\" is a song by American recording artist Usher and American rapper will.i.am, who also wrote and produced the song.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ It uses the auto-tune effect in several lines, as well as \"Jock Jams\"-esque sports arena chanting.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ It was released on March 22, 2010 as the first worldwide single off his sixth studio album, \"Raymond v. Raymond\", and the fourth single overall, following the three US singles \"Papers\", \"Hey Daddy (Daddy's Home)\", and \"Lil Freak\".", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was met with a mixed reception from critics, who criticized the use of auto-tune, but commended the song's dance and club vibe.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song marks the second time that Usher has collaborated with will.i.am, following the single \"What's Your Name\", from his previous album \"Here I Stand\" (2008).", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ is a song by American singer Usher.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ He co-wrote the song with Sean Garrett, Patrick J. Que Smith, Robert McDowell, LRoc, Ludacris, Da'Ron, and Lil Jon.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ It also features guest vocals from Lil Jon and Ludacris, with the former also producing the song as well as incorporating crunk and R&B—which he coined as crunk&B—in the song's production.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was released as the lead single from Usher's fourth studio album \"Confessions\" (2004) on January 27, 2004, after Usher was told by Arista Records, his label at the time, to record more tracks for the album.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ topped the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart for 12 consecutive weeks, before being dethroned by Usher's follow-up single \"Burn\".", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ TRL's Number Ones is the collection of music videos that had reached the number-one spot on the daily music video countdown show \"Total Request Live\" which aired on MTV from 1998 to 2008.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ Usually the same video will stay on the number-one spot for a series of weeks but after a certain period it will be retired or honorably discharged from the countdown and be put into the hall of fame.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ The music video is usually determined various ways such as voting online on MTV.com, the \"Billboard\" charts, ratings on the radio and downloads over the internet.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ January 2: \"Lose Yourself\" - Eminem January 3: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 6: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 7: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 8: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 9: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 10: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 13: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 14: \"All I Have\" - Jennifer Lopez featuring LL Cool J January 15: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 16: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 17: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 22: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 23: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 24: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 28: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 29: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 30: \"Bump, Bump, Bump\" - B2K featuring P. Diddy January 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 3: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 4: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 7: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 10: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 11: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 12: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 14: Valentine's Day Special #1 Video: \"Why I Love You\" - B2K February 17: TRL Awards #1 Video: \"Larger Than Life\" - Backstreet Boys February 18: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 19: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 20: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 21: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 24: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 25: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 26: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake February 27: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 28: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 3: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 4: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 7: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 10: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 11: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 12: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 14: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 17: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 18: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 19: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 20: Coverage on the war in Iraq March 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 24: \"The Hell Song\" - Sum 41 March 25: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 26: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 1: \"Girlfriend\" - B2K April 2: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 3: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 4: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 7: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 8: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 9: \"Addicted\" - Simple Plan April 10: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 11: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 15: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 16: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 17: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 18: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 22: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 23: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 24: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 25: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 28: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 29: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 30: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 1: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 2: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 5: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 6: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 7: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 8: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 9: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 12: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 13: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 15: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 16: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 19: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 20: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 22: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 26: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 27: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 28: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 29: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 30: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 2: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 3: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 4: \"Rock Wit U\" - Ashanti June 5: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 9: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 10: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 11: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 12: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 16: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 17: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 18: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 19: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 23: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 24: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 25: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 26: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 30: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 1: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 2: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 3: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 7: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 8: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 9: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 10: Dynamic Duos #1 Video: \"Girlfriend ( Remix )\"- 'N Sync featuring Nelly July 11: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 14: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 15: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 16: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 17: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 18: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 21: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 22: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 23: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 24: Funniest Video #1 Video: \"Without Me\" - Eminem July 25: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 28: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 29: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 30: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 31: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 1: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 4: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 5: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 6: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 7: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 8: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 11: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 12: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 13: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 14: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 15: August 18: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 19: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 20: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 21: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 26: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 27: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy August 28: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 29: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 2: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 3: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 4: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 5: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 8: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 9: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 10: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 11: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 12: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 15: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 17: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 18: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 19: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 23: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 24: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 25: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 26: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 29: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 30: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 1: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 2: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 3: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell October 6: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 7: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul October 8: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 9: \"Perfect\" - Simple Plan October 10: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 14: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 15: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 17: \"Trouble\" - P!nk October 18: \"Trouble\" - Pink October 21: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 23: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 27: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 28: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 29: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 30: \"Will You\" - P. O. D. October 31: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 3: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 4: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 5: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 6: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 7: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 11: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 12: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 13: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 14: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 17: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 18: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 19: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 20: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 24: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 25: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 1: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 2: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 3: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 4: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 5: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 8: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 11: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 16: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 17: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 18: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 19: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 22: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 23: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 29: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit December 30: Song Of The Year: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 5: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 6: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 7: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 8: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 13: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 14: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 16: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 19: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 21: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 22: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 26: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 27: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 28: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 29: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 30: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring Jason Weaver February 2: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 9: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 10: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 11: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 12: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 13: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte February 16: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 17: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 18: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 19: \"Sorry 2004\" - Ruben Studdard February 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 23: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 24: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 25: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon February 27: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 2: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 3: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 4: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 5: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 8: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears March 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 10: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 11: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 15: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 16: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 17: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 18: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 22: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 23: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 24: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 25: \"My Band\" - D12 March 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 29: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 30: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 31: \"My Band\" - D12 April 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 5: \"Naughty Girl\" - Beyoncé April 6: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 7: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 8: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 13: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 14: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 15: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 16: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 19: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 20: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 21: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 22: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 23: \"My Band\" - D12 April 26: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 27: \"My Band\" - D12 April 28: \"My Band\" - D12 April 29: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears May 3: \"My Band\" - D12 May 4: \"My Band\" - D12 May 5: \"My Band\" - D12 May 6: \"My Band\" - D12 May 7: \"My Band\" - D12 May 10: \"My Band\" - D12 May 11: \"My Band\" - D12 May 17: \"My Band\" - D12 May 18: \"Burn\" - Usher May 19: \"Burn\" - Usher May 20: \"Burn\" - Usher May 21: \"Burn\" - Usher May 24: \"My Band\" - D12 May 25: \"Burn\" - Usher May 26: \"Burn\" - Usher May 27: \"My Band\" - D12 May 28: \"My Band\" - D12 May 31: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 1: \"Burn\" - Usher June 2: \"Burn\" - Usher June 3: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 4: \"My Band\" - D12 June 7: \"My Band\" - D12 June 8: \"Burn\" - Usher June 9: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 10: Cross Country Countdown #1 Video: \"Forgot About Dre\" - Dr. Dre featuring Eminem June 11: \"Burn\" - Usher June 14: \"Burn\" - Usher June 15: \"How Come\" - D12 June 16: \"How Come\" - D12 June 17: \"How Come\" - D12 June 18: \"How Come\" - D12 June 21: \"How Come\" - D12 June 22: \"How Come\" - D12 June 23: \"Leave (Get Out)\" - JoJo June 24: \"How Come\" - D12 June 25: \"How Come\" - D12 June 28: \"Leave ( Get Out )\" - JoJo June 29: \"How Come\" - D12 June 30: \"Confessions Pt.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Confessions is the fourth studio album by American singer Usher.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ It was released on March 23, 2004, by Arista Records.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Recording sessions for the album took place during 2003 to 2004, with its production handled by his longtime collaborator Jermaine Dupri, along with Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis and Lil Jon, among others.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Primarily an R&B album, \"Confessions\" showcases Usher as a crooner through a mixture of ballads and up-tempos, incorporating musical genres of dance-pop, hip hop and crunk.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ The album's themes generated controversy about Usher's personal relationships; however, the album's primary producer Jermaine Dupri claimed the album reflects Dupri's own personal story.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ Yeah Yeah Yeahs is an American indie rock band formed in New York City in 2000.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ The group is composed of vocalist and pianist Karen O, guitarist and keyboardist Nick Zinner, and drummer Brian Chase.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ They are complemented in live performances by second guitarist David Pajo, who joined as a touring member in 2009 and replaced Imaad Wasif who had previously held this role.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ According to an interview that aired during the ABC network's \"Live from Central Park SummerStage\" series, the band's name was taken from modern New York City vernacular.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ The band has recorded four studio albums; the first, \"Fever to Tell\", was released in 2003.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ The Plame affair (also known as the CIA leak scandal and Plamegate) was a political scandal that revolved around journalist Robert Novak's public identification of Valerie Plame as a covert Central Intelligence Agency officer in 2003.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ In 2002, Plame wrote a memo to her superiors in which she expressed hesitation in recommending her husband, former diplomat Joseph C. Wilson, to the CIA for a mission to Niger to investigate claims that Iraq had arranged to purchase and import uranium from the country, but stated that he \"may be in a position to assist\".", "Plame affair __knowledge__ After President George W. Bush stated that \"Saddam Hussein recently sought significant quantities of uranium from Africa\" during the run-up to the 2003 invasion of Iraq, Wilson published a July 2003 op-ed in \"The New York Times\" stating his doubts during the mission that any such transaction with Iraq had taken place." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Entomology __knowledge__ Entomology () is the scientific study of insects, a branch of zoology.", "Entomology __knowledge__ In the past the term \"insect\" was more vague, and historically the definition of entomology included the study of terrestrial animals in other arthropod groups or other phyla, such as arachnids, myriapods, earthworms, land snails, and slugs.", "Entomology __knowledge__ This wider meaning may still be encountered in informal use.", "Entomology __knowledge__ Like several of the other fields that are categorized within zoology, entomology is a taxon-based category; any form of scientific study in which there is a focus on insect-related inquiries is, by definition, entomology.", "Entomology __knowledge__ Entomology therefore overlaps with a cross-section of topics as diverse as molecular genetics, behavior, biomechanics, biochemistry, systematics, physiology, developmental biology, ecology, morphology, and paleontology.", "Entomology __knowledge__ At some 1.3 million described species, insects account for more than two-thirds of all known organisms, date back some 400 million years, and have many kinds of interactions with humans and other forms of life on earth.", "Entomology __knowledge__ Entomology is rooted in nearly all human cultures from prehistoric times, primarily in the context of agriculture (especially biological control and beekeeping), but scientific study began only as recently as the 16th century.", "Guerilla Poubelle __knowledge__ Guerilla Poubelle is a French punk band formed in 2003, when the ska-punk band Les Betteraves broke apart.", "Guerilla Poubelle __knowledge__ The name translates to 'Dustbin (Garbage Can) Guerrilla' in English.", "Guerilla Poubelle __knowledge__ Their debut album, released on CD, is titled \"Il faut repeindre le monde... en noir\" (The world must be repainted... in black).", "Guerilla Poubelle __knowledge__ Their music is based on anarchic and existentialist beliefs.", "Guerilla Poubelle __knowledge__ The band is DIY enthusiasts, Till founded the publishing and merchandise group Guerilla Asso in 2004.", "Guerilla Poubelle __knowledge__ In the summer of 2006, they released a split album with Coquettish.", "Guerilla Poubelle __knowledge__ A major Japanese tour followed soon thereafter.", "Guerilla Poubelle __knowledge__ Guerilla Poubelle refused to register with the Société des auteurs, compositeurs et éditeurs de musique.", "Burlington, Newfoundland and Labrador __knowledge__ Burlington is an incorporated town in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada.", "Burlington, Newfoundland and Labrador __knowledge__ It is a small fishing and lumbering community on Highway 413 at the north side of the mouth of Green Bay.", "Burlington, Newfoundland and Labrador __knowledge__ Burlington was once named Northwest Arm, and was permanently settled in the mid-19th century.", "Burlington, Newfoundland and Labrador __knowledge__ The community was renamed in the early part of 1915 due to a mix-up in the mail service.", "Burlington, Newfoundland and Labrador __knowledge__ After many residents complained that their mail was sent to another community with a similar name, the town leaders felt the need to have a name change.", "Burlington, Newfoundland and Labrador __knowledge__ Out of three separate entries, 'Burlington' was chosen.", "Burlington, Newfoundland and Labrador __knowledge__ There was no large industry in the 19th century.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha Lee is a fictional character in the BBC soap opera \"Doctors\", played by Laura Rollins.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha was introduced as a Practice Nurse at The Mill by Peter Eryl Lloyd.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ She made her first appearance on Tuesday 30 September 2014.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Since her arrival in the show Ayesha has faced storylines including an on off relationship with Sid Vere, having a troubled relationship with Tyler Green, dealing with her mother Bren's alcohol and later drug addiction, being attacked by Ike and supporting Valerie Pittman through her Cancer scare.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha first arrives at \"The Mill\" as a replacement for Mandy Marquez, she is almost immediately attracted to new doctor Sid Vere.", "The Runners __knowledge__ The Runners are an American electronic and hip hop production duo from Orlando, Florida, consisting of Andrew \"Dru Brett\" Harr and Jermaine \"Mayne Zayne\" Jackson.", "The Runners __knowledge__ They came together to form the team in 2000, but they have known each other since they were in kindergarten.", "The Runners __knowledge__ They both have been influenced their entire lives by producers Timbaland and The Neptunes.", "The Runners __knowledge__ Their trademark is an exhale sound effect ringing \"Ahhh\" at the beginning of their songs.", "The Runners __knowledge__ They are best known for producing the hit singles \"Go Hard\" and \"Hustlin'\", by rappers DJ Khaled and Rick Ross respectively.", "The Runners __knowledge__ They have produced songs for artists like Keyshia Cole Kevin Cossom Ace Hood, Chris Brown, Fat Joe, Juelz Santana, Nelly, Trip Lee, Jim Jones, Lil Wayne, Justin Bieber, Fabolous and Usher.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The Bell OH-58 Kiowa is a family of single-engine, single-rotor, military helicopters used for observation, utility, and direct fire support.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ Bell Helicopter manufactured the OH-58 for the United States Army based on its Model 206A JetRanger helicopter.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The OH-58 was in continuous U.S. Army service from 1969 to 2017, when it was retired and replaced in this role by the Boeing AH-64 Apache.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The latest model, the \"OH-58D Kiowa Warrior\", is primarily operated in an armed reconnaissance role in support of ground troops.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The OH-58 has been exported to Austria, Canada, Croatia, the Dominican Republic, Taiwan, Saudi Arabia, and Greece.", "Uroš II, Grand Prince of Serbia __knowledge__ Uroš II (), also known as Primislav (Примислав) or Prvoslav (Првослав), was Serbian Grand Prince from 1145 to 1162, with brief interruptions as ruler by Desa, his brother.", "Uroš II, Grand Prince of Serbia __knowledge__ His rule was characterized by a period of power struggle, not only of the Serbian throne between the brothers, but between the Byzantine Empire and Kingdom of Hungary, of which he took advantage.", "Uroš II, Grand Prince of Serbia __knowledge__ Grand Prince Vukan (r. 1083–1112) initially ruled Rascia under the overlordship of Constantine Bodin, the titular King of Doclea.", "Uroš II, Grand Prince of Serbia __knowledge__ Bodin renounced the Byzantine Empire in 1089, when he turned to the Pope, who raised the bishopric of Bar to an Archbishopric.", "Walter Gardiner Photography __knowledge__ Walter Gardiner Photography is a small commercial and industrial photography business based in Worthing, West Sussex in the UK.", "Walter Gardiner Photography __knowledge__ The firm, which until 1995 was family owned through three generations of photographers, traces its roots to the very earliest days of photography.", "Walter Gardiner Photography __knowledge__ Thanks to a Lottery grant, the firm's archives are now held for posterity by West Sussex Past Pictures, the curator of West Sussex County Library Service's archives of photographs, prints, drawings and paintings.", "Walter Gardiner Photography __knowledge__ The firm was founded in about 1860 by Henry Jenkins.", "Walter Gardiner Photography __knowledge__ His daughter, Annie, learned the emerging craft from her father.", "Boden Fortress __knowledge__ Boden Fortress () is a modern fortress consisting of several major and minor forts and fortifications surrounding the city of Boden, Norrbotten, in northern Sweden.", "Boden Fortress __knowledge__ The fortress was originally intended to stop or delay attacks from the east or coastal assaults, which at the time of construction meant Russian attacks launched from Finland.", "Boden Fortress __knowledge__ It was primarily the expansion of the railway net in Norrland, which in turn was a consequence of the rising importance of the northern iron ore fields, that led to the increased strategic value of northern Sweden and the construction of the fortress.", "Boden Fortress __knowledge__ Although the main forts were finished in 1908, many of the supporting fortifications were not completed until the start of the First World War.", "Insect flight __knowledge__ Insects are the only group of invertebrates that have evolved wings and flight.", "Insect flight __knowledge__ Two insect groups, the dragonflies and the mayflies, have flight muscles attached directly to the wings.", "Insect flight __knowledge__ Other insects have the flight muscles attached to the thorax, making it oscillate and indirectly causing the wings to beat.", "Insect flight __knowledge__ Some very small insects make use not of steady-state aerodynamics but of the Weis-Fogh clap and fling mechanism, generating large lift forces at the expense of wear and tear on the wings.", "Insect flight __knowledge__ Many insects can hover, maintaining height and controlling their position.", "Insect flight __knowledge__ Some insects such as moths have the forewings coupled to the hindwings so these can work in unison.", "Red __knowledge__ Red is the colour at the end of the visible spectrum of light, next to orange and opposite violet.", "Red __knowledge__ It has a dominant wavelength of approximately 625–740 nanometres.", "Red __knowledge__ It is a primary color in the RGB color model and the CMYK color model, and is the complementary color of cyan.", "Red __knowledge__ Reds range from the brilliant yellow-tinged scarlet and vermillion to bluish-red crimson, and vary in shade from the pale red pink to the dark red burgundy.", "Red __knowledge__ The red sky at sunset results from Rayleigh scattering, while the red color of the Grand Canyon and other geological features is caused by hematite or red ochre, both forms of iron oxide.", "László Szekeres __knowledge__ László Szekeres (July 4, 1921 in Győr, Hungary – January 9, 2012 in Szeged, Hungary).", "László Szekeres __knowledge__ Professor Emeritus, Institute of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Medical Faculty of the University of Szeged, Hungary.", "László Szekeres __knowledge__ He has held a number of notable positions and received a number of awards.His research contributed to the development of cardiac drugs.", "László Szekeres __knowledge__ He graduated high school in Győr and in 1949 he graduated at the Medical School of the University of Pécs.", "László Szekeres __knowledge__ He worked as intern in the Institute of Pharmacology at the same University.", "László Szekeres __knowledge__ His original plan was to become a clinical physician, after graduation he decided to stay in the Institute of Pharmacology.", "Insect __knowledge__ Insects or Insecta (from Latin ', a calque of Greek ['], \"cut into sections\") are by far the largest group of hexapod invertebrates within the arthropod phylum.", "Insect __knowledge__ Definitions and circumscriptions vary; in one approach insects comprise a class within the Phylum Arthropoda.", "Insect __knowledge__ As the term is used here, it is synonymous with Ectognatha.", "Insect __knowledge__ Insects have a chitinous exoskeleton, a three-part body (head, thorax and abdomen), three pairs of jointed legs, compound eyes and one pair of antennae.", "Insect __knowledge__ They are the most diverse group of animals on the planet, including more than a million described species and representing more than half of all known living organisms.", "Hoffman Estates v. The Flipside, Hoffman Estates, Inc. __knowledge__ Hoffman Estates v. The Flipside, Hoffman Estates, Inc., , is a United States Supreme Court decision concerning the vagueness and overbreadth doctrines as they apply to restrictions on commercial speech.", "Hoffman Estates v. The Flipside, Hoffman Estates, Inc. __knowledge__ The justices unanimously upheld an ordinance passed by a Chicago suburb that imposed licensing requirements on the sale of drug paraphernalia by a local record store.", "Hoffman Estates v. The Flipside, Hoffman Estates, Inc. __knowledge__ Their decision overturned the Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals.", "Hoffman Estates v. The Flipside, Hoffman Estates, Inc. __knowledge__ Concerned that the sale of items such as bongs and rolling papers, along with books and magazines devoted to the era's drug culture promoted and encouraged illegal recreational drug use, the board of trustees of the village of Hoffman Estates, Illinois, passed an ordinance requiring that vendors of drug paraphernalia obtain a license to do so, as they lacked the power to ban their sale outright.", "Evolution of insects __knowledge__ The most recent understanding of the evolution of insects is based on studies of the following branches of science: molecular biology, insect morphology, paleontology, insect taxonomy, evolution, embryology, bioinformatics and scientific computing.", "Evolution of insects __knowledge__ It is estimated that the class of insects originated on Earth about 480 million years ago, in the Ordovician, at about the same time terrestrial plants appeared.", "Evolution of insects __knowledge__ Insects evolved from a group of crustaceans.", "Evolution of insects __knowledge__ The first insects were land bound, but about 400 million years ago in the Devonian period one lineage of insects evolved flight, the first animals to do so." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Entomology __knowledge__ Entomology () is the scientific study of insects, a branch of zoology.", "Entomology __knowledge__ In the past the term \"insect\" was more vague, and historically the definition of entomology included the study of terrestrial animals in other arthropod groups or other phyla, such as arachnids, myriapods, earthworms, land snails, and slugs.", "Entomology __knowledge__ This wider meaning may still be encountered in informal use.", "Entomology __knowledge__ Like several of the other fields that are categorized within zoology, entomology is a taxon-based category; any form of scientific study in which there is a focus on insect-related inquiries is, by definition, entomology.", "Entomology __knowledge__ Entomology therefore overlaps with a cross-section of topics as diverse as molecular genetics, behavior, biomechanics, biochemistry, systematics, physiology, developmental biology, ecology, morphology, and paleontology.", "Entomology __knowledge__ At some 1.3 million described species, insects account for more than two-thirds of all known organisms, date back some 400 million years, and have many kinds of interactions with humans and other forms of life on earth.", "Entomology __knowledge__ Entomology is rooted in nearly all human cultures from prehistoric times, primarily in the context of agriculture (especially biological control and beekeeping), but scientific study began only as recently as the 16th century.", "Info-gap decision theory __knowledge__ Info-gap decision theory is a non-probabilistic decision theory that seeks to optimize robustness to failure – or opportuneness for windfall – under severe uncertainty, in particular applying sensitivity analysis of the stability radius type to perturbations in the value of a given estimate of the parameter of interest.", "Info-gap decision theory __knowledge__ It has some connections with Wald's maximin model; some authors distinguish them, others consider them instances of the same principle.", "Info-gap decision theory __knowledge__ It has been developed since the 1980s by Yakov Ben-Haim, and has found many applications and described as a theory for decision-making under \"\"severe\" uncertainty\".", "Carl Henry Clerk __knowledge__ Carl Henry Clerk (4 January 1895 – † 28 May 1982) was a Ghanaian agricultural educationist, administrator, journalist, editor and church minister who was elected the fourth Synod Clerk of the Presbyterian Church of the Gold Coast from 1950 to 1954.", "Carl Henry Clerk __knowledge__ Between 1960 and 1963, he was also the Editor of the \"Christian Messenger,\" established by the Basel Mission in 1883, as the newspaper of the Presbyterian Church of Ghana.", "Carl Henry Clerk __knowledge__ Carl Henry Clerk was born at Aburi, about forty-five minutes north-east of the capital city, Accra, on 4 January 1895.", "Carl Henry Clerk __knowledge__ He was born in the home of his paternal grandfather, Alexander Worthy Clerk (1820 – 1906).", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ Michael Lee Alfonso (January 24, 1965 – February 17, 2007) was an American professional wrestler.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ He was best known for his appearances with the American professional wrestling promotions Extreme Championship Wrestling, World Championship Wrestling and the World Wrestling Federation under the ring name Mike Awesome and for his appearances in Japan for with Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling and All Japan Pro Wrestling as The Gladiator.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ Alfonso was trained to wrestle by Steve Keirn, debuting on February 26, 1989.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ Alfonso trained for about one year along with former professional wrestlers, Dennis Knight (Mideon, Phineas Godwin) and the late \"Big\" Al Green before making his debut.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the series \"The Awesomes\".", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Professor Dr. Jeremy \"Prock\" Awesome (voiced by Seth Meyers) - The son of Mr.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Awesome.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Jeremy Awesome is the young new leader of the Awesomes.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Known as Prock (a portmanteau of Professor and Doctor, since Prock has a JD and an MD) he has always wanted to be a superhero like his father, Mr.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Awesome.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Prock disappointingly doesn't have any of his father's impressive physical powers: indeed, he is unimposing and injury-prone.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ However, he's the smartest on the team and a natural leader: in a crisis he comes up with excellent plans and assigns jobs to everyone on the team.", "List of Dinosaur King characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that appear in \"Dinosaur King\".", "List of Dinosaur King characters __knowledge__ The English versions of the series use names differing from the Japanese versions; in this article the English names are used.", "List of Dinosaur King characters __knowledge__ The D-Team are the protagonists of the series who are very knowledgeable about dinosaurs.", "List of Dinosaur King characters __knowledge__ They prevent the Alpha Gang from succeeding in their goal by saving the dinosaurs they can find.", "List of Dinosaur King characters __knowledge__ Among its members are: The Alpha Gang are the primary yet inept antagonists of the first series who abduct any dinosaur cards they find using their own dinosaurs as their muscle.", "List of Dinosaur King characters __knowledge__ They conduct experiments on the dinosaur cards they find.", "Chuck Versus the Undercover Lover __knowledge__ \"Chuck Versus the Undercover Lover\" aired on January 24, 2008.", "Chuck Versus the Undercover Lover __knowledge__ It is the 12th episode of the first season of \"Chuck\", and aired alongside \"Chuck Versus the Marlin\" to close out the season.", "Chuck Versus the Undercover Lover __knowledge__ Casey is forced to revisit his past when his presumed-dead girlfriend resurfaces.", "Chuck Versus the Undercover Lover __knowledge__ Meanwhile, Ellie and Awesome have a fight, and it falls upon Morgan to help them patch things up.", "Chuck Versus the Undercover Lover __knowledge__ In 2004, John Casey is in Chechnya undercover as an energy consultant, staying with his AP photographer girlfriend, Ilsa (Ivana Miličević).", "Chuck Versus the Undercover Lover __knowledge__ She goes out with her camera, leaving him to sleep in and enters a restaurant just as a bomb explodes.", "Chuck Versus the Marlin __knowledge__ \"Chuck Versus the Marlin\" is the 13th episode and season finale of the first season of \"Chuck\".", "Chuck Versus the Marlin __knowledge__ It aired in a special two-episode block on January 24, 2008 with \"Chuck Versus the Undercover Lover.\"", "Chuck Versus the Marlin __knowledge__ Chuck's time as a civilian may be coming to a close when a Fulcrum bug is discovered at the Buy More, while Devon asks Chuck for a very personal favor.", "Chuck Versus the Marlin __knowledge__ The episode begins with Jeff and Lester reviewing footage they shot of women's cleavage with one of the store's demo cameras when Chuck arrives to remind them of Big Mike's warning about \"Mammary Cam.\"", "Chuck Versus the Marlin __knowledge__ The two Nerd Herders protest the accusation, but while chewing them out, Chuck is confronted by Devon who wants to ask him a question.", "Animal locomotion __knowledge__ Animal locomotion, in ethology, is any of a variety of movements or methods that animals use to move from one place to another.", "Animal locomotion __knowledge__ Some modes of locomotion are (initially) self-propelled, e.g., running, swimming, jumping, flying, hopping, soaring and gliding.", "Animal locomotion __knowledge__ There are also many animal species that depend on their environment for transportation, a type of mobility called passive locomotion, e.g., sailing (some jellyfish), kiting (spiders) and rolling (some beetles and spiders).", "Animal locomotion __knowledge__ Animals move for a variety of reasons, such as to find food, a mate, a suitable microhabitat, or to escape predators.", "Animal locomotion __knowledge__ For many animals, the ability to move is essential for survival and, as a result, natural selection has shaped the locomotion methods and mechanisms used by moving organisms.", "Toše Proeski __knowledge__ Todor \"Toše\" Proeski ( ; 25 January 1981 – 16 October 2007) was a Macedonian multi-genre singer, songwriter and actor.", "Toše Proeski __knowledge__ He was popular across the entire Balkan area and was considered a top act of the local Macedonian music scene.", "Toše Proeski __knowledge__ He was dubbed \"Elvis Presley of the Balkans\" by BBC News.", "Toše Proeski __knowledge__ He died in a car crash on Zagreb–Lipovac A3 highway, near Nova Gradiška in Croatia at the age of 26.", "Toše Proeski __knowledge__ Proeski was born in Prilep and grew up in Kruševo as the son of an Aromanian family.", "Toše Proeski __knowledge__ After his musical talent was discovered at the age of 12, he was chosen to perform at the popular children's song festival Zlatno Slavejče (eng.", "Terrestrial animal __knowledge__ The term terrestrial is typically applied for species that live primarily on the ground, in contrast to arboreal species, which live primarily in trees.", "Terrestrial animal __knowledge__ There are other less common terms that apply to specific groups of terrestrial animals: Terrestrial invasion is one of the most important events in the history of life.", "Terrestrial animal __knowledge__ Terrestrial lineages evolved in several animal phyla, among which vertebrates, arthropods, and mollusks are representatives of more successful groups of terrestrial animals.", "Terrestrial animal __knowledge__ Terrestrial animals do not form a unified clade; rather, they share only the fact that they live on land.", "Terrestrial locomotion __knowledge__ Terrestrial locomotion has evolved as animals adapted from aquatic to terrestrial environments.", "Terrestrial locomotion __knowledge__ Locomotion on land raises different problems than that in water, with reduced friction being replaced by the effects of gravity.", "Terrestrial locomotion __knowledge__ There are three basic forms of locomotion found among terrestrial animals Movement on appendages is the most common form of terrestrial locomotion, it is the basic form of locomotion of two major groups with many terrestrial members, the vertebrates and the arthropods.", "Terrestrial locomotion __knowledge__ Important aspects of legged locomotion are posture (the way the body is supported by the legs), the number of legs, and the functional structure of the leg and foot.", "Forensic entomology __knowledge__ Forensic entomology is the scientific study of the invasion of the succession pattern of arthropods with their developmental stages of different species found on the decomposed cadavers during legal investigations.", "Forensic entomology __knowledge__ It is the application and study of insect and other arthropod biology to criminal matters.", "Forensic entomology __knowledge__ It also involves the application of the study of arthropods, including insects, arachnids, centipedes, millipedes, and crustaceans to criminal or legal cases.", "Forensic entomology __knowledge__ It is primarily associated with death investigations; however, it may also be used to detect drugs and poisons, determine the location of an incident, and find the presence and time of the infliction of wounds.", "Evolution of insects __knowledge__ The most recent understanding of the evolution of insects is based on studies of the following branches of science: molecular biology, insect morphology, paleontology, insect taxonomy, evolution, embryology, bioinformatics and scientific computing.", "Evolution of insects __knowledge__ It is estimated that the class of insects originated on Earth about 480 million years ago, in the Ordovician, at about the same time terrestrial plants appeared.", "Evolution of insects __knowledge__ Insects evolved from a group of crustaceans.", "Evolution of insects __knowledge__ The first insects were land bound, but about 400 million years ago in the Devonian period one lineage of insects evolved flight, the first animals to do so.", "List of schools and organizations related to forensic entomology __knowledge__ Forensic entomology is the study of insects related to humans.", "List of schools and organizations related to forensic entomology __knowledge__ There are three areas associated with forensic entomology; urban entomology, stored products entomology, and mediocriminal entomology.", "List of schools and organizations related to forensic entomology __knowledge__ This page deals only with the area of mediocriminology and the schools and organizations associated with it.", "List of schools and organizations related to forensic entomology __knowledge__ Mediocriminology is the interaction of the criminal justice system and the use of insects for investigations pertaining to the deaths of humans.", "List of schools and organizations related to forensic entomology __knowledge__ This is a growing science in which nations around the world are partaking in research to expand its applications.", "List of schools and organizations related to forensic entomology __knowledge__ The following list of schools and organizations is not comprehensive due to the ever-changing nature of forensic entomology." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "Entomology is basically the study of insects.", "Yeah, it is also a branch of zoology, believe it or not.", "Indeed. The word insect used to be really vague historically.", "Yeah, also entomology used to include the study of terrestrial animals.", "Yeah no problem, it also included arachnids and earthworms." ]

[ "Entomology", "Entomology", "Entomology", "Entomology", "Entomology" ]

[ "Dublin", "I so want to visit. It looks beautiful!", "I would love to. What would I do in Dublin?", "I love museums and visiting historical sites. I bet there are a lot there." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dublin __knowledge__ Dublin (, ) is the capital of and largest city in Ireland.", "Dublin __knowledge__ Dublin is located in the province of Leinster on the east coast of Ireland, at the mouth of the River Liffey and bordered on the South by the Wicklow Mountains.", "Dublin __knowledge__ The city has an urban area population of 1,173,179.", "Dublin __knowledge__ The population of the Dublin Region, , was 1,347,359 people.", "Dublin __knowledge__ There is archaeological debate regarding precisely where Dublin was established by Celtic-speaking people in the 7th century.", "Dublin __knowledge__ Later expanded as a Viking settlement, the Kingdom of Dublin became Ireland's principal city following the Norman invasion.", "Dublin __knowledge__ The city expanded rapidly from the 17th century and was briefly the second largest city in the British Empire before the Acts of Union in 1800.", "Dublin __knowledge__ Following the partition of Ireland in 1922, Dublin became the capital of the Irish Free State, later renamed Ireland.", "Dublin __knowledge__ As of 2010, Dublin was listed by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network (GaWC) as a global city, with a ranking of \"Alpha-\", which places it amongst the top thirty cities in the world.", "Dublin __knowledge__ It is a historical and contemporary centre for education, the arts, administration, economy and industry.", "Dublin __knowledge__ The name \"Dublin\" comes from the Irish word \"Dubhlinn\", early Classical Irish \"Dubhlind\"/\"Duibhlind\", \"dubh\" /d̪uβ/, alt." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dublin __knowledge__ Dublin (, ) is the capital of and largest city in Ireland.", "Dublin __knowledge__ Dublin is located in the province of Leinster on the east coast of Ireland, at the mouth of the River Liffey and bordered on the South by the Wicklow Mountains.", "Dublin __knowledge__ The city has an urban area population of 1,173,179.", "Dublin __knowledge__ The population of the Dublin Region, , was 1,347,359 people.", "Dublin __knowledge__ There is archaeological debate regarding precisely where Dublin was established by Celtic-speaking people in the 7th century.", "Dublin __knowledge__ Later expanded as a Viking settlement, the Kingdom of Dublin became Ireland's principal city following the Norman invasion.", "Dublin __knowledge__ The city expanded rapidly from the 17th century and was briefly the second largest city in the British Empire before the Acts of Union in 1800.", "Dublin __knowledge__ Following the partition of Ireland in 1922, Dublin became the capital of the Irish Free State, later renamed Ireland.", "Dublin __knowledge__ As of 2010, Dublin was listed by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network (GaWC) as a global city, with a ranking of \"Alpha-\", which places it amongst the top thirty cities in the world.", "Dublin __knowledge__ It is a historical and contemporary centre for education, the arts, administration, economy and industry.", "Dublin __knowledge__ The name \"Dublin\" comes from the Irish word \"Dubhlinn\", early Classical Irish \"Dubhlind\"/\"Duibhlind\", \"dubh\" /d̪uβ/, alt.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Ek Tha Chandar Ek Thi Sudha (Hindi: एक था चन्दर एक थी सुधा English: One was Chander one was Sudha) is an Indian biopic television series, which premiered on 21 September 2015 and is broadcast on Life OK.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is produced by Garima Productions of Ashwni Dhir.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series airs on every Monday to Friday nights.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is a tragic love story and is a 20-episode series.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story of the series is based on Dharamvir Bharati’s iconic novel, \"Gunahon Ka Devta\".", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Rahil Azam and Umang Jain will play the male and female lead roles respectively.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story starts with an illustration that it is a story about love near Allahabad.", "Samantha Akkineni __knowledge__ Samantha Akkineni (née Ruth Prabhu, born 28 April 1987) is an Indian actress and model.", "Samantha Akkineni __knowledge__ She has established a career in the Telugu and Tamil film industries, and is a recipient of several awards including four Filmfare Awards.", "Samantha Akkineni __knowledge__ She has emerged as a leading actress in the South Indian film industry.", "Samantha Akkineni __knowledge__ Alongside her acting career, Samantha is a prominent celebrity endorser for brands and products, while she also started her own NGO, Pratyusha Support, to provide medical support for women and children in 2012.", "Samantha Akkineni __knowledge__ She donates her earnings from endorsements, product launches and inauguration events to support the foundation.", "Shiva Sahasranama __knowledge__ The Shiva sahasranama is a \"list of a thousand names\" of Shiva, one of the most important deities in Hinduism.", "Shiva Sahasranama __knowledge__ In Hindu tradition a sahasranama is a type of devotional hymn (Sanskrit: \"stotra\") listing many names of a deity.", "Shiva Sahasranama __knowledge__ The names provide an exhaustive catalog of the attributes, functions, and major mythology associated with the figure being praised.", "Shiva Sahasranama __knowledge__ The Shiva Sahasranama is found in Shiv Mahapuran and many other scriptures such as Linga Purana.", "Shiva Sahasranama __knowledge__ As per Shiv Mahapuran when Vishnu was unable to defeat the demons after many attempts he prayed to Shiv who granted him the Sudarshan Chakra for fighting the demons.", "Forever My Girl __knowledge__ Forever My Girl is a 2018 American romantic drama film written and directed by Bethany Ashton Wolf based on the original novel by Heidi McLaughlin.", "Forever My Girl __knowledge__ It follows a country musician (Alex Roe) who sets out to win over the girl he left at the altar eight years before (Jessica Rothe).", "Forever My Girl __knowledge__ Abby Ryder Fortson, Travis Tritt, and John Benjamin Hickey also star.", "Forever My Girl __knowledge__ It was released in the United States on January 19, 2018.", "Forever My Girl __knowledge__ It received negative reviews from critics, who denounced the characters and chemistry between the actors and compared it negatively to Nicholas Sparks films.", "Forever My Girl __knowledge__ The movie opens outside a small community church in Saint Augustine, Louisiana.", "List of EastEnders characters (2017) __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that first appeared in the BBC soap opera \"EastEnders\" in 2017, by order of first appearance.", "List of EastEnders characters (2017) __knowledge__ All characters are introduced by the show's executive producer Sean O'Connor or, from 27 November, his successor as executive consultant, John Yorke.", "List of EastEnders characters (2017) __knowledge__ The first character to be introduced was Keegan Baker (Zack Morris), a friend of Shakil Kazemi (Shaheen Jafargholi), followed by Emerald Fox (Doña Croll), the mother of Denise Fox (Diane Parish) and Kim Fox-Hubbard (Tameka Empson).", "List of EastEnders characters (2017) __knowledge__ Madison Drake (Seraphina Beh), Alexandra D'Costa (Sydney Craven) and Travis Law-Hughes (Alex James-Phelps), three new teenage characters, were also introduced in January as well as their school teacher Mr Gethin Pryce (Cerith Flinn) and Hugo Browning (Simon Williams), the chairman of Weyland & Co.", "Just the Way You Are (Bruno Mars song) __knowledge__ \"Just the Way You Are\" is the debut solo single by American singer-songwriter Bruno Mars.", "Just the Way You Are (Bruno Mars song) __knowledge__ It is the lead single from his debut studio album, \"Doo-Wops & Hooligans\" (2010).", "Just the Way You Are (Bruno Mars song) __knowledge__ The song was written by Bruno Mars, Philip Lawrence, Ari Levine, Khalil Walton and Needlz and produced by the former three, under their alias, The Smeezingtons along with Needlz.", "Just the Way You Are (Bruno Mars song) __knowledge__ It was released in the United States to Contemporary hit radio on August 10, 2010.", "Just the Way You Are (Bruno Mars song) __knowledge__ The track was released in the United Kingdom on September 19, 2010, as \"Just the Way You Are (Amazing)\".", "Just the Way You Are (Bruno Mars song) __knowledge__ The song's lyrics compliment a woman's beauty.", "Just the Way You Are (Bruno Mars song) __knowledge__ The debut single received positive reviews from critics, who considered it a stand-out track on \"Doo-Wops & Hooligans\" and praised The Smeezington's production.", "Hrid Majharey __knowledge__ Hrid Majharey (হৃদ্‌ মাঝারে) () is a 2014 India-Bengali cult love tragedy film written and directed by debutant Bengali filmmaker Ranjan Ghosh.", "Hrid Majharey __knowledge__ Inspired by \"Othello\" and incorporating elements from \"Macbeth\" and \"Julius Caesar\", this was the first film in the Bengali language based on the works of William Shakespeare and is internationally considered as one of the top five World Adaptations of \"Othello\".", "Hrid Majharey __knowledge__ It was first presented as a tribute on his 450th Birth Anniversary in 2014.", "Hrid Majharey __knowledge__ Critics consider it among the top ten adaptations of Shakespeare in Indian cinema, since 1949.", "Hrid Majharey __knowledge__ The movie achieved cult status by having the unique honour of surviving a crucial two-year journey, from its launch in July 2014 celebrating Shakespeare's 450th birth-anniversary, to being showcased at a British Conference on the Bard held in London in April 2016 to mark 400 years of his death.", "History of Dublin __knowledge__ The City of Dublin can trace its origin back more than 1,000 years, and for much of this time it has been Ireland's principal city and the cultural, educational and industrial centre of the island.", "History of Dublin __knowledge__ The earliest reference to Dublin is sometimes said to be found in the writings of Claudius Ptolemaeus (Ptolemy), the Egyptian-Greek astronomer and cartographer, around the year 140, who refers to a settlement called Eblana.", "History of Dublin __knowledge__ This would seem to give Dublin a just claim to nearly two thousand years of antiquity, as the settlement must have existed a considerable time before Ptolemy became aware of it.", "History of Dublin __knowledge__ Recently, however, doubt has been cast on the identification of Eblana with Dublin, and the similarity of the two names is now thought to be coincidental.", "Republic of Ireland __knowledge__ Ireland (; ), also known as the Republic of Ireland ('), is a sovereign state in north-western Europe occupying 26 of 32 counties of the island of Ireland.", "Republic of Ireland __knowledge__ The capital and largest city is Dublin, which is located on the eastern part of the island, and whose metropolitan area is home to around a third of the country's 4.75 million inhabitants.", "Republic of Ireland __knowledge__ The state shares its only land border with Northern Ireland, a part of the United Kingdom.", "Republic of Ireland __knowledge__ It is otherwise surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, with the Celtic Sea to the south, Saint George's Channel to the south-east, and the Irish Sea to the east.", "Republic of Ireland __knowledge__ It is a unitary, parliamentary republic.", "Ireland __knowledge__ Ireland (; ; Ulster-Scots: ) is an island in the North Atlantic.", "Ireland __knowledge__ It is separated from Great Britain to its east by the North Channel, the Irish Sea, and St George's Channel.", "Ireland __knowledge__ Ireland is the third-largest island in Europe.", "Ireland __knowledge__ It is the second largest island in the British Isles, after Great Britain.", "Ireland __knowledge__ Politically, Ireland is divided between the Republic of Ireland (officially named Ireland), which covers five-sixths of the island, and Northern Ireland, which is part of the United Kingdom, in the northeast of the island.", "Ireland __knowledge__ In 2011, the population of Ireland was about 6.6 million, ranking it the second-most populous island in Europe after Great Britain.", "Early Scandinavian Dublin __knowledge__ The First Viking Age in Ireland began in 795, when Vikings began carrying out hit-and-run raids on Gaelic Irish coastal settlements.", "Early Scandinavian Dublin __knowledge__ Over the following decades the raiding parties became bigger and better organized; inland settlements were targeted as well as coastal ones; and the raiders built naval encampments known as longphorts to allow them to remain in Ireland throughout the winter.", "Early Scandinavian Dublin __knowledge__ In the mid 9th century, Viking leader Turgeis or \"Thorgest\" founded a stronghold at Dublin, plundered Leinster and Meath, and raided other parts of Ireland.", "Early Scandinavian Dublin __knowledge__ He was killed by the High King, Máel Sechnaill mac Máele Ruanaid, which was followed by several Irish victories against the Vikings and the seizure of Dublin in 849.", "History of the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship __knowledge__ The history of the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship is long and remarkable, with over one hundred and twenty years of competition finding winners and losers from all parts of the country.", "History of the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship __knowledge__ Tracing the history of the Hurling Championship back to its beginning, it is possible to easily pick out periods when specific teams or counties dominated the competition, only to find themselves rapidly superseded by another dominant team or teams.", "History of the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship __knowledge__ The format of the championship had also undergone several significant changes throughout the years, with the creation of the 'back-door system' in 1997.", "History of the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship __knowledge__ The format of the very first hurling championship was unique in that it was the only open draw All-Ireland championship ever-played.", "Irish War of Independence __knowledge__ The Irish War of Independence () or Anglo-Irish War was a guerrilla war fought from 1919 to 1921 between the Irish Republican Army (IRA, the army of the Irish Republic) and the British security forces in Ireland.", "Irish War of Independence __knowledge__ It was an escalation of the Irish revolutionary period into warfare.", "Irish War of Independence __knowledge__ In April 1916, Irish republicans launched an armed uprising against British rule and proclaimed an Irish Republic.", "Irish War of Independence __knowledge__ Although it was crushed after a week of fighting, the rising and the British response led to greater popular support for Irish independence.", "Irish War of Independence __knowledge__ In the December 1918 election, the republican party Sinn Féin won a landslide victory in Ireland." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dublin __knowledge__ Dublin (, ) is the capital of and largest city in Ireland.", "Dublin __knowledge__ Dublin is located in the province of Leinster on the east coast of Ireland, at the mouth of the River Liffey and bordered on the South by the Wicklow Mountains.", "Dublin __knowledge__ The city has an urban area population of 1,173,179.", "Dublin __knowledge__ The population of the Dublin Region, , was 1,347,359 people.", "Dublin __knowledge__ There is archaeological debate regarding precisely where Dublin was established by Celtic-speaking people in the 7th century.", "Dublin __knowledge__ Later expanded as a Viking settlement, the Kingdom of Dublin became Ireland's principal city following the Norman invasion.", "Dublin __knowledge__ The city expanded rapidly from the 17th century and was briefly the second largest city in the British Empire before the Acts of Union in 1800.", "Dublin __knowledge__ Following the partition of Ireland in 1922, Dublin became the capital of the Irish Free State, later renamed Ireland.", "Dublin __knowledge__ As of 2010, Dublin was listed by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network (GaWC) as a global city, with a ranking of \"Alpha-\", which places it amongst the top thirty cities in the world.", "Dublin __knowledge__ It is a historical and contemporary centre for education, the arts, administration, economy and industry.", "Dublin __knowledge__ The name \"Dublin\" comes from the Irish word \"Dubhlinn\", early Classical Irish \"Dubhlind\"/\"Duibhlind\", \"dubh\" /d̪uβ/, alt.", "Nobody But a Fool (Would Love You) __knowledge__ \"Nobody But a Fool (Would Love You)\" is a song written by Bill Anderson and released as a single by American country artist Connie Smith.", "Nobody But a Fool (Would Love You) __knowledge__ It was the second single spawned from her 1966 album \"Miss Smith Goes to Nashville\" and was produced by Bob Ferguson.", "Nobody But a Fool (Would Love You) __knowledge__ The single was released in January 1966 by RCA Victor and peaked within the Top 5 on the \"Billboard Magazine\" country music singles chart, becoming her fifth Top 10 hit in a row.", "Nobody But a Fool (Would Love You) __knowledge__ \"Nobody But a Fool (Would Love You)\" was the fourth single Smith recorded by Bill Anderson.", "Nobody But a Fool (Would Love You) __knowledge__ The song was recorded October 14, 1965 along with the songs, \"Same as Mine\", \"I'll Never Get Over Loving You\", and \"Holdin' On\".", "The Hobbit (film series) __knowledge__ The Hobbit is a film series consisting of three high fantasy adventure films directed by Peter Jackson.", "The Hobbit (film series) __knowledge__ They are based on the 1937 novel \"The Hobbit\" by J. R. R. Tolkien, with large portions of the trilogy inspired by the appendices to \"The Return of the King\", which expand on the story told in \"The Hobbit\", as well as new material and characters written especially for the films.", "The Hobbit (film series) __knowledge__ Together they act as a prequel to Jackson's \"The Lord of the Rings\" film trilogy.", "The Hobbit (film series) __knowledge__ The films are subtitled \"\" (2012), \"\" (2013), and \"\" (2014).", "The Hobbit (film series) __knowledge__ The screenplay was written by Fran Walsh, Philippa Boyens, Jackson, and Guillermo del Toro, who was originally chosen to direct before his departure from the project.", "History of Dublin __knowledge__ The City of Dublin can trace its origin back more than 1,000 years, and for much of this time it has been Ireland's principal city and the cultural, educational and industrial centre of the island.", "History of Dublin __knowledge__ The earliest reference to Dublin is sometimes said to be found in the writings of Claudius Ptolemaeus (Ptolemy), the Egyptian-Greek astronomer and cartographer, around the year 140, who refers to a settlement called Eblana.", "History of Dublin __knowledge__ This would seem to give Dublin a just claim to nearly two thousand years of antiquity, as the settlement must have existed a considerable time before Ptolemy became aware of it.", "History of Dublin __knowledge__ Recently, however, doubt has been cast on the identification of Eblana with Dublin, and the similarity of the two names is now thought to be coincidental.", "Premier League 10 Seasons Awards __knowledge__ The Premier League 10 Seasons Awards were a set of English football awards which marked the first 10 years of competition in the Premier League, the top-level domestic league competition of professional football in England.", "Premier League 10 Seasons Awards __knowledge__ The awards celebrated the first decade of the Premier League, which was formed in 1992 when the 20 clubs of the old First Division resigned en-masse from The Football League.", "Premier League 10 Seasons Awards __knowledge__ Awards were presented in a number of categories for both teams and individuals, covering the period from the inaugural 1992–93 season which kicked off in August 1992, through to the 2001–02 season, which ended in May 2002.", "Brendan Brady __knowledge__ Brendan Seamus Brady is a fictional character from the British Channel 4 soap opera, \"Hollyoaks\", played by Emmett J. Scanlan.", "Brendan Brady __knowledge__ The character was introduced in 2010 by series producer Paul Marquess during part of the show's overhaul, and became one of \"Hollyoaks\" most popular characters.", "Brendan Brady __knowledge__ He is easily recognised by his famous horseshoe moustache.", "Brendan Brady __knowledge__ He is the older half-brother of already established character Cheryl Brady (Bronagh Waugh).", "Brendan Brady __knowledge__ Following the announcement of Brendan's casting, he was quickly billed as the show's new \"bad boy\" character.", "Brendan Brady __knowledge__ Despite having the persona of a villain at the start of the show, as the show progressed the character was portrayed to be more of a tragic antihero.", "Pig-faced women __knowledge__ Legendary stories of pig-faced women originated roughly simultaneously in Holland, England and France in the late 1630s.", "Pig-faced women __knowledge__ The stories told of a wealthy woman whose body was of normal human appearance, but whose face was that of a pig.", "Pig-faced women __knowledge__ In the earliest forms of the story, the woman's pig-like appearance was the result of witchcraft.", "Pig-faced women __knowledge__ Following her wedding day, the pig-faced woman's new husband was granted the choice of having her appear beautiful to him but pig-like to others, or pig-like to him and beautiful to others.", "Pig-faced women __knowledge__ When her husband told her that the choice was hers, the enchantment was broken and her pig-like appearance vanished.", "Wicklow Mountains __knowledge__ The Wicklow Mountains (, archaic: \"Cualu\") form the largest continuous upland area in Ireland.", "Wicklow Mountains __knowledge__ They occupy the whole centre of County Wicklow and stretch outside its borders into Counties Dublin, Wexford and Carlow.", "Wicklow Mountains __knowledge__ Where the mountains extend into County Dublin, they are known locally as the Dublin Mountains ().", "Wicklow Mountains __knowledge__ The highest peak is Lugnaquilla at .", "Wicklow Mountains __knowledge__ The mountains are primarily composed of granite surrounded by an envelope of mica-schist and much older rocks such as quartzite.", "Wicklow Mountains __knowledge__ They were pushed up during the Caledonian orogeny at the start of the Devonian period and form part of the Leinster Chain, the largest continuous area of granite in Ireland and Britain.", "River Liffey __knowledge__ The River Liffey (Irish: \"An Life\") is a river in Ireland, which flows through the centre of Dublin.", "River Liffey __knowledge__ Its major tributaries include the River Dodder, the River Poddle and the River Camac.", "River Liffey __knowledge__ The river supplies much of Dublin's water and a range of recreational activities.", "River Liffey __knowledge__ Ptolemy's \"Geography\" (2nd century AD) described a river, perhaps the Liffey, which he labelled Οβοκα (\"Oboka\").", "River Liffey __knowledge__ Ultimately this led to the name of the River Avoca.", "River Liffey __knowledge__ The Liffey was previously named \"An Ruirthech\", meaning \"fast (or strong) runner\".", "River Liffey __knowledge__ The word \"Liphe\" (or \"Life\") referred originally to the name of the plain through which the river ran, but eventually came to refer to the river itself.", "Kilbride, County Wicklow __knowledge__ Kilbride (Irish: \"Cill Bhríde\"), or Manor Kilbride, is a village, civil parish and District electoral division in County Wicklow, Ireland, located at the western edge of the Wicklow Mountains in the barony of Talbotstown Lower.", "Kilbride, County Wicklow __knowledge__ Manor Kilbride village is situated in the eponymous townland at the center of the civil parish, occupying a valley formed by the convergence of the Brittas River and the River Liffey, north of Poulaphouca Reservoir.", "Kilbride, County Wicklow __knowledge__ The valley is bounded by Goldenhill, Cromwellstownhill and Cupidstown Hill to the west with Butterhill and Ballyfoyle to the east.", "Kilbride, County Wicklow __knowledge__ The civil parish covers 11,591 statute acres, containing the following townlands: Much of the parish consists of mountain and blanket bog; the boundaries are formed by the southwest-northeast ridge of Cromwellstownhill and Cupidstown Hill to the west, the Brittas River to the north, the peaks of Seefin (621m), Seefingan (723m) and Kippure (757m) to the northeast, the River Liffey to the southeast and a small stream to southwest.", "County Wicklow __knowledge__ County Wicklow (, ) is a county in Ireland.", "County Wicklow __knowledge__ The last of the traditional 32 counties to be formed, as late as 1606, it is part of the Mid-East Region and is also located in the province of Leinster.", "County Wicklow __knowledge__ It is named after the town of Wicklow, which derives from the Old Norse name \"Víkingaló\", which means \"Vikings' Meadow\".", "County Wicklow __knowledge__ Wicklow County Council is the local authority for the county.", "County Wicklow __knowledge__ The population of the county is 142,332 according to the 2016 census.", "County Wicklow __knowledge__ Wicklow is colloquially known as \"the Garden of Ireland\".", "County Wicklow __knowledge__ It is the 17th-largest of Ireland's 32 counties by area, being thirty-three miles in length by twenty miles in breadth, and 16th-largest by population.", "The Liffey Swim __knowledge__ The Liffey Swim, currently titled the Jones Engineering Dublin City Liffey Swim, is an annual race in Dublin's main river, the Liffey, and is one of Ireland's most famous traditional sporting events.", "The Liffey Swim __knowledge__ The race is managed by a voluntary not-for-profit organisation, Leinster Open Sea.", "The Liffey Swim __knowledge__ The 98th Liffey Swim took place on Saturday 9 September 2017, starting at the Rory O’Moore Bridge (Watling Street Bridge) beside the Guinness Brewery.", "The Liffey Swim __knowledge__ The race is one of the last swims in a season of 30 open sea races held during the summer months, organised by Leinster Open Sea, and takes place usually on a Saturday in either late August or early September.", "Wicklow Way __knowledge__ The Wicklow Way () is a long-distance trail that crosses the Wicklow Mountains in Ireland.", "Wicklow Way __knowledge__ It runs from Marlay Park in the southern suburbs of Dublin through County Wicklow and ends in the village of Clonegal in County Carlow.", "Wicklow Way __knowledge__ It is designated as a National Waymarked Trail by the Irish Sports Council and is waymarked by posts with a yellow \"walking man\" symbol and a directional arrow.", "Wicklow Way __knowledge__ Typically completed in 5–7 days, it is one of the busiest of Ireland's National Waymarked Trails, with up to 24,000 people a year walking the most popular sections.", "Wicklow Way __knowledge__ The Way is also used regularly by a number of mountain running competitions." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dublin __knowledge__ Dublin (, ) is the capital of and largest city in Ireland.", "Dublin __knowledge__ Dublin is located in the province of Leinster on the east coast of Ireland, at the mouth of the River Liffey and bordered on the South by the Wicklow Mountains.", "Dublin __knowledge__ The city has an urban area population of 1,173,179.", "Dublin __knowledge__ The population of the Dublin Region, , was 1,347,359 people.", "Dublin __knowledge__ There is archaeological debate regarding precisely where Dublin was established by Celtic-speaking people in the 7th century.", "Dublin __knowledge__ Later expanded as a Viking settlement, the Kingdom of Dublin became Ireland's principal city following the Norman invasion.", "Dublin __knowledge__ The city expanded rapidly from the 17th century and was briefly the second largest city in the British Empire before the Acts of Union in 1800.", "Dublin __knowledge__ Following the partition of Ireland in 1922, Dublin became the capital of the Irish Free State, later renamed Ireland.", "Dublin __knowledge__ As of 2010, Dublin was listed by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network (GaWC) as a global city, with a ranking of \"Alpha-\", which places it amongst the top thirty cities in the world.", "Dublin __knowledge__ It is a historical and contemporary centre for education, the arts, administration, economy and industry.", "Dublin __knowledge__ The name \"Dublin\" comes from the Irish word \"Dubhlinn\", early Classical Irish \"Dubhlind\"/\"Duibhlind\", \"dubh\" /d̪uβ/, alt.", "Tourism in Sri Lanka __knowledge__ Tourism in Sri Lanka is growing rapidly.", "Tourism in Sri Lanka __knowledge__ For centuries, Sri Lanka has been a popular place of attraction for foreign travelers.", "Tourism in Sri Lanka __knowledge__ The Chinese traveler Fa-Hien arrived in Sri Lanka in the late 4th century.", "Tourism in Sri Lanka __knowledge__ In the twelfth century, Italian explorer Marco Polo claimed that Sri Lanka to be the \"best island of its size in the world\".", "Tourism in Sri Lanka __knowledge__ The government initiatives in development of tourism date back to 1937 when the Ceylon Tourist Bureau was established.", "Tourism in Sri Lanka __knowledge__ However, it was closed down in September 1939 due to World War II.", "Tourism in Sri Lanka __knowledge__ After Sri Lanka's independence the promotion of tourism was again considered by re-establishing the Ceylon Tourist Board which took over the function of the Tourist Bureau.", "Museum __knowledge__ A museum ( ; plural musea or museums) is an institution that cares for (conserves) a collection of artifacts and other objects of artistic, cultural, historical, or scientific importance.", "Museum __knowledge__ Many public museums make these items available for public viewing through exhibits that may be permanent or temporary.", "Museum __knowledge__ The largest museums are located in major cities throughout the world, while thousands of local museums exist in smaller cities, towns and rural areas.", "Museum __knowledge__ Museums have varying aims, ranging from serving researchers and specialists to serving the general public.", "Museum __knowledge__ The goal of serving researchers is increasingly shifting to serving the general public.", "Galyani Vadhana __knowledge__ Galyani Vadhana, Princess of Naradhiwas (; ; ; 6 May 1923 – 2 January 2008) was a princess of Thailand and the elder sister of King Ananda Mahidol (Rama VIII) and King Bhumibol Adulyadej (Rama IX).", "Galyani Vadhana __knowledge__ She was also a direct granddaughter of King Chulalongkorn (Rama V).", "Galyani Vadhana __knowledge__ Princess Galyani Vadhana was born on 6 May 1923 in London, England, the only daughter of Prince Mahidol Adulyadej of Songkla, the sixty-ninth son of King Chulalongkorn (Rama V) and seventh son by Queen Savang Vadhana, and Miss Sangwan Talapat (later known as Princess Srinagarindra, The Princess Mother).", "Galyani Vadhana __knowledge__ She was initially named May Songkla on her birth certificate and was later named \"Her Serene Highness\" Galyani Vadhana Mahidol by King Vajiravudh (Rama VI).", "Big Love __knowledge__ Big Love is an American television drama series that aired on HBO between March 2006 and March 2011.", "Big Love __knowledge__ It stars Bill Paxton as the patriarch of a fundamentalist Mormon family in contemporary Utah who practices polygamy, with Jeanne Tripplehorn, Chloë Sevigny, and Ginnifer Goodwin portraying his wives.", "Big Love __knowledge__ The series charts the family's life in and out of the public sphere in their Salt Lake City suburb, as well as their associations with a fundamentalist compound in the area.", "Big Love __knowledge__ The series features key supporting performances from Amanda Seyfried, Grace Zabriskie, Daveigh Chase, Mary Kay Place, Bruce Dern, and Harry Dean Stanton.", "Culture in New York's Capital District __knowledge__ Culture in New York's Capital District, also known as the Albany metropolitan area, stretches back to the 17th century.", "Culture in New York's Capital District __knowledge__ The area has seen prominent historical events, interesting artistic creations, and unique contributions to the culture of the United States.", "Culture in New York's Capital District __knowledge__ The largest city in the area, Albany, consistently ranks high on lists of top cities/metro areas for culture, such as being 23rd in the book \"Cities Ranked & Rated\".", "Culture in New York's Capital District __knowledge__ The Albany-Schenectady-Troy metro area ranked 12th among large metro areas, and Glens Falls ranked 12th among the small metro areas, in Sperling's Best Places, and Expansion Management (a monthly business magazine) gave the Albany-Schenectady-Troy area five Stars, its highest ranking, for quality of life features.", "Craps __knowledge__ Craps is a dice game in which the players make wagers on the outcome of the roll, or a series of rolls, of a pair of dice.", "Craps __knowledge__ Players may wager money against each other (playing \"street craps\", also known as \"shooting dice,\" \"rolling bones,\" or any combination thereof) or a bank (playing \"casino craps\", also known as \"table craps\", or often just \"craps\").", "Craps __knowledge__ Because it requires little equipment, \"street craps\" can be played in informal settings.", "Craps __knowledge__ Craps developed from a simplification of the early English game of \"hazard\".", "Craps __knowledge__ Its origins are complex and may date to the Crusades, later being influenced by French gamblers.", "Christopher Lloyd (world history author) __knowledge__ Christopher Lloyd (born 1 April 1968) is a historian, educationalist and author, best known for his sweeping narratives on big history (the history of the world).", "Christopher Lloyd (world history author) __knowledge__ He is the author of the best selling book \"What on Earth Happened: The Complete Story of the Planet (Bloomsbury, 2008)\", which has sold 500,000 copies.", "Christopher Lloyd (world history author) __knowledge__ Lloyd is a keen advocate of connected learning.", "Christopher Lloyd (world history author) __knowledge__ In collaboration with Beckenham-based illustrator Andy Forshaw, Lloyd has established a format for telling giant narratives to young people by using illustrative timelines called Wallbooks, which present a broader view of world history and visualise connections between the past and the present day.", "Elias Loomis __knowledge__ Elias Loomis (August 7, 1811 – August 15, 1889) was an American mathematician.", "Elias Loomis __knowledge__ Loomis was born in Willington, Connecticut in 1811.", "Elias Loomis __knowledge__ He graduated at Yale College in 1830, was a tutor there for three years (1833–36), and then spent the next year in scientific investigation in Paris.", "Elias Loomis __knowledge__ On his return, Loomis served as professor of mathematics and natural philosophy for eight years (1836–44) at Western Reserve College in Hudson, Ohio, now Case Western Reserve University.", "Elias Loomis __knowledge__ During his tenure, he opened up the Loomis Observatory in 1838, currently the second oldest observatory in the United States.", "Elias Loomis __knowledge__ From 1844 to 1860 he held the professorship of natural philosophy and mathematics in the University of the City of New York, and in the latter year became professor of natural philosophy in Yale.", "Deficit spending __knowledge__ Deficit spending is the amount by which spending exceeds revenue over a particular period of time, also called simply deficit, or budget deficit; the opposite of budget surplus.", "Deficit spending __knowledge__ The term may be applied to the budget of a government, private company, or individual.", "Deficit spending __knowledge__ Government deficit spending is a central point of controversy in economics, as discussed below.", "Deficit spending __knowledge__ Government deficit spending is a central point of controversy in economics, with prominent economists holding differing views.", "Deficit spending __knowledge__ The mainstream economics position is that deficit spending is desirable and necessary as part of countercyclical fiscal policy, but that there should not be a structural deficit (i.e., permanent deficit): The government should run deficits during recessions to compensate for the shortfall in aggregate demand, but should run surpluses in boom times so that there is no net deficit over an economic cycle (i.e., only run cyclical deficits and not structural deficits).", "Roberto Mangabeira Unger __knowledge__ Roberto Mangabeira Unger (; born 24 March 1947) is a philosopher and politician.", "Roberto Mangabeira Unger __knowledge__ He has developed his views and positions across many fields, including social, political, and economic theory.", "Roberto Mangabeira Unger __knowledge__ In legal theory, he is best known by his work in the 1970s and 80s while at Harvard Law School as part of the Critical Legal Studies movement, which is held to have helped disrupt the methodological consensus in American law schools.", "Roberto Mangabeira Unger __knowledge__ His political activity helped the transition to democracy in Brazil in the aftermath of the military regime, and culminated with his appointment as Brazil's Minister of Strategic Affairs in 2007 and again in 2015.", "Imagine (John Lennon song) __knowledge__ \"Imagine\" is a song written and performed by English musician John Lennon.", "Imagine (John Lennon song) __knowledge__ The best-selling single of his solo career, its lyrics encourage the listener to imagine a world at peace without the barriers of borders or the divisions of religion and nationality and to consider the possibility that the whole of humanity would live unattached to material possessions.", "Imagine (John Lennon song) __knowledge__ Lennon and Yoko Ono co-produced the song and album of the same name with Phil Spector.", "Imagine (John Lennon song) __knowledge__ Recording began at Lennon's home studio at Tittenhurst Park, England, in May 1971, with final overdubs taking place at the Record Plant, in New York City, during July.", "American Folk Art Museum __knowledge__ The American Folk Art Museum is an art museum in the Upper West Side of Manhattan, at 2, Lincoln Square, Columbus Avenue at 66th Street.", "American Folk Art Museum __knowledge__ It is the premier institution devoted to the aesthetic appreciation of folk art and creative expressions of contemporary self-taught artists from the United States and abroad.", "American Folk Art Museum __knowledge__ Its collection holds over 7,000 objects from the 18th century to the present.", "American Folk Art Museum __knowledge__ These works span both traditional folk arts and the work of contemporary self-taught artists and European Art Brut.", "American Folk Art Museum __knowledge__ In its ongoing exhibitions, educational programming, and outreach, the museum showcases the creative expressions of individuals whose talents developed without formal artistic training.", "Law of value __knowledge__ The law of value (German: \"Wertgesetz\") is a central concept in Karl Marx's critique of political economy, first expounded in his polemic \"The Poverty of Philosophy\" (1847) against Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, with reference to David Ricardo's economics.", "Law of value __knowledge__ Most generally, it refers to a regulative principle of the economic exchange of the products of human work: the relative exchange-values of those products in trade, usually expressed by money-prices, are proportional to the average amounts of human labor-time which are currently socially necessary to produce them.", "Law of value __knowledge__ Thus, the fluctuating exchange value of commodities (exchangeable products) is regulated by their value, where the magnitude of their value is determined by the average quantity of human labour which is currently socially necessary to produce them (see labor theory of value and value-form).", "History of the Netherlands __knowledge__ The history of the Netherlands is the history of seafaring people thriving on a lowland river delta on the North Sea in northwestern Europe.", "History of the Netherlands __knowledge__ Records begin with the four centuries during which the region formed a militarized border zone of the Roman empire.", "History of the Netherlands __knowledge__ This came under increasing pressure from Germanic peoples moving westwards.", "History of the Netherlands __knowledge__ As Roman power collapsed and the Middle Ages began, three dominant Germanic peoples coalesced in the area, Frisians in the north and coastal areas, Low Saxons in the northeast, and the Franks in the south.", "History of the Netherlands __knowledge__ During the Middle Ages, the descendants of the Carolingian dynasty came to dominate the area and then extended their rule to a large part of Western Europe." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 10, 9 ]

[ "I'm from Dublin, the capital of Ireland.", "It's locataed on the province of Leinster on the east coast of Ireland, near the mouth of the River Liffey. To the south are the Wicklow Mountains. You should visit.", "It is the historical and contemporary center for education and arts, industry and economy. Anything you could imagine.", "In 2010, Dublin was listed by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network with a city ranking of Alpha, and places it in the top 30 cities of the world" ]

[ "Dublin", "Dublin", "Dublin", "Dublin" ]

[ "Valedictorian", "Not quite, I wasn't even top 10%, lol. I try not to be hard on myself though. I graduated HS and college, so I'm happy. :)", "Exactly, especially when you can have the exact same GPA and the actual valedictorian gets decided by other metrics... Yikes.", "Haha, I feel that. I'll drink to the fact that neither of us ever had to make actual use of those annoying public speaking classes, eh?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Valedictorian __knowledge__ Valedictorian is an academic title of success used in the United States, Canada, Central America, and the Philippines for the student who delivers the closing or farewell statement at a graduation ceremony (called a valediction).", "Valedictorian __knowledge__ The chosen valedictorian is often the student with the highest ranking (highest Grade Point Average, or GPA for short) among their graduating class.", "Valedictorian __knowledge__ The term is an Anglicised derivation of the Latin \"vale dicere\" (\"to say farewell\"), historically rooted in the valedictorian's traditional role as the final speaker at the graduation ceremony before the students receive their diplomas.", "Valedictorian __knowledge__ The valedictory address generally is considered a final farewell to classmates, before they disperse to pursue their individual paths after graduating.", "Valedictorian __knowledge__ In Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Ireland, India, Pakistan and the United Kingdom, the title valedictorian is not used frequently.", "Valedictorian __knowledge__ In Australia, the title is sometimes awarded to a member of a graduating university class on the basis of contribution to the school rather than academic success.", "Valedictorian __knowledge__ The highest-ranking student in a graduating class is often referred to as \"dux\" (Latin for \"leader\"), and may or may not give a speech." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Valedictorian __knowledge__ Valedictorian is an academic title of success used in the United States, Canada, Central America, and the Philippines for the student who delivers the closing or farewell statement at a graduation ceremony (called a valediction).", "Valedictorian __knowledge__ The chosen valedictorian is often the student with the highest ranking (highest Grade Point Average, or GPA for short) among their graduating class.", "Valedictorian __knowledge__ The term is an Anglicised derivation of the Latin \"vale dicere\" (\"to say farewell\"), historically rooted in the valedictorian's traditional role as the final speaker at the graduation ceremony before the students receive their diplomas.", "Valedictorian __knowledge__ The valedictory address generally is considered a final farewell to classmates, before they disperse to pursue their individual paths after graduating.", "Valedictorian __knowledge__ In Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Ireland, India, Pakistan and the United Kingdom, the title valedictorian is not used frequently.", "Valedictorian __knowledge__ In Australia, the title is sometimes awarded to a member of a graduating university class on the basis of contribution to the school rather than academic success.", "Valedictorian __knowledge__ The highest-ranking student in a graduating class is often referred to as \"dux\" (Latin for \"leader\"), and may or may not give a speech.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ This Is England '90 is a 2015 British TV drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne and produced by Warp Films.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ A spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\", it is also a sequel to the series \"This Is England '86\" and \"This Is England '88\".", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ \"This Is England '90\" was originally due in late 2012, but in July 2012, Meadows announced that the production had been put on hold in order for him to complete his The Stone Roses, and the actors were still waiting for confirmation as to when filming would start.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ In March 2014, Meadows confirmed that shooting would start later in the year although he had not yet finished the script.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ This Is England '86 is a 2010 British drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne, a spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\".", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Set three years later, it focuses on the mod revival scene rather than the skinhead subculture, with the gang variously adopting an eclectic mix of clothing styles.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Like the film version previously, Thomas Turgoose stars as Shaun, with central roles played by Joe Gilgun as Woody, now a scooter-riding mod, although girlfriend Lol (Vicky McClure) and her friend Trev stay loyal to their roots and still wear the skinhead garb.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Lol's sister Kelly has gone new wave/punk, while other gang members adopt psychobilly, early chav and mohican influences.", "LOL __knowledge__ LOL, or lol, is an acronym for laugh(ing) out loud or lots of laughs, and a popular element of Internet slang.", "LOL __knowledge__ It was first used almost exclusively on Usenet, but has since become widespread in other forms of computer-mediated communication and even face-to-face communication.", "LOL __knowledge__ It is one of many initialisms for expressing bodily reactions, in particular laughter, as text, including initialisms for more emphatic expressions of laughter such as LMAO (\"laugh(ing) my ass off\") and ROFL (or its older form ROTFL; \"roll(ing) on the floor laughing\").", "LOL __knowledge__ Other unrelated expansions include the now mostly obsolete \"lots of luck\" or \"lots of love\" used in letter-writing.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Robert James Smith (born 21 April 1959) is an English singer, songwriter and musician.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ He is the lead singer, guitarist, multi instrumentalist, lyricist, principal songwriter and only consistent member of the rock band The Cure, which he co-founded in 1976.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ He was also the lead guitarist for the band Siouxsie and the Banshees from 1982 to 1984 and was part of the short-lived group The Glove in 1983.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Smith is known for his distinctive voice and unique stage look, the latter of which was influential on the Goth subculture that rose to prominence in the 1980s.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Smith was born in the Lancashire town of Blackpool and is the third of four children born to James Alexander and Rita Mary (née Emmott) Smith.", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that were introduced in CBBC's \"The Story of Tracy Beaker\".", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ The series is based on the book of the same name by Jacqueline Wilson.", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ It ran on for five series from 2002 to 2005.", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ The series was followed by \"Tracy Beaker Returns\" that ran for three series from 2010 to 2012 and then \"The Dumping Ground\" that has aired since 2013.", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ Connor Byrne has played the role of Mike Milligan for all three programmes.", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ Dani Harmer and Lisa Coleman reprised their roles as Tracy Beaker and Cam Lawson for \"Tracy Beaker Returns\".", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ Tracy Beaker, played by actress Dani Harmer, is the main (and title) character throughout \"The Story of Tracy Beaker\" and \"Tracy Beaker Returns\".", "STANAG 3910 __knowledge__ STANAG 3910 \"High Speed Data Transmission Under STANAG 3838 or Fibre Optic Equivalent Control\" is a protocol defined in a NATO Standardization Agreement for the transfer of data, principally intended for use in avionic systems.", "STANAG 3910 __knowledge__ STANAG 3910 allows a 1 Mb/s STANAG 3838 / MIL-STD-1553B / MoD Def Stan 00-18 Pt 2 (3838/1553B) data bus to be augmented with a 20 Mb/s high-speed (HS) bus, which is referred to in the standard as the HS channel: the 3838/1553B bus in an implementation of STANAG 3910 is then referred to as the low-speed (LS) channel.", "STANAG 3910 __knowledge__ Either or both channels may be multiply redundant, and may use either electrical or optical media.", "Isotopes of hassium __knowledge__ Hassium (Hs) is a synthetic element, and thus a standard atomic weight cannot be given.", "Isotopes of hassium __knowledge__ Like all synthetic elements, it has no stable isotopes.", "Isotopes of hassium __knowledge__ The first isotope to be synthesized was Hs in 1984.", "Isotopes of hassium __knowledge__ There are 12 known isotopes from Hs to Hs and 1–4 isomers.", "Isotopes of hassium __knowledge__ The longest-lived isotope is Hs with a half-life of 30 seconds.", "Isotopes of hassium __knowledge__ Super-heavy elements such as hassium are produced by bombarding lighter elements in particle accelerators that induce fusion reactions.", "Isotopes of hassium __knowledge__ Whereas most of the isotopes of hassium can be synthesized directly this way, some heavier ones have only been observed as decay products of elements with higher atomic numbers.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the characters that have appeared on \"90210\", an American teen drama.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The series introduces Annie Wilson (Shenae Grimes) and her adopted brother Dixon (Tristan Wilds), who move from Kansas to Beverly Hills with their father Harry (Rob Estes) and mother Debbie (Lori Loughlin).", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The family relocated in order to care for Harry's mother Tabitha (Jessica Walter).", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The first actor to be cast for the TV series was Dustin Milligan on April 1, 2008, followed by AnnaLynne McCord on April 14.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ Sachs found Milligan to be \"really funny\", and changed Ethan to better represent his personality.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ McCord was cast because, according to Sachs, \"she's someone who is worldly, and there's a sophistication to her that's interesting.\"", "List of Saved by the Bell characters __knowledge__ The American television sitcom \"Saved by the Bell\", that aired on NBC from 1989 to 1993, follows a group of six high school students and their principal, Mr. Belding.", "List of Saved by the Bell characters __knowledge__ Kelly Kapowski (portrayed by Tiffani Amber Thiessen) is the most popular girl in school and is head cheerleader and captain of the volleyball, swim, and softball teams.", "List of Saved by the Bell characters __knowledge__ Though a good student and role model, Kelly did find herself sentenced to detention on a couple of occasions.", "List of Saved by the Bell characters __knowledge__ She is also a big fan of George Michael.", "List of Saved by the Bell characters __knowledge__ She also is the love interest and later wife of Zack Morris.", "List of Saved by the Bell characters __knowledge__ At the start of her freshman year, Zack had been trying to go out with Kelly ever since she can remember.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Various characters appeared in the sitcom \"Friends\", which aired for ten seasons on NBC from 1994 to 2004.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ It featured six main cast members: Rachel Green (Jennifer Aniston), Phoebe Buffay (Lisa Kudrow), Joey Tribbiani (Matt LeBlanc), Chandler Bing (Matthew Perry), Ross Geller (David Schwimmer) and Monica Geller (Courteney Cox).", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Many celebrities guest starred on the series throughout its ten-year run.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ The main cast members were familiar to television viewers before their roles on \"Friends\", but were not considered to be stars.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Series creator David Crane wanted all six characters to be equally prominent, and the series was lauded as being \"the first true 'ensemble' show\".", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters appearing in the animated series \"Kim Possible\".", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ Kimberly Ann \"Kim\" Possible is a crime fighter and high school cheerleading captain who saves the world on a regular basis while dealing with the normal challenges of being a teenager, such as winning cheer competitions, turning in her homework on time, and maintaining a love life.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ Her name is a play on the word \"impossible.\"", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ Kim has known Ron Stoppable, her sidekick for most missions, since preschool.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ She has also completed missions with Wade, Monique, her brothers, and even her mother.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ In season four, Kim and Ron end up developing romantic feelings for each other and begin dating during their senior year.", "List of One Tree Hill characters __knowledge__ One Tree Hill is an American television series created by Mark Schwahn for The WB in 2003.", "List of One Tree Hill characters __knowledge__ After its third season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which then became the broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of One Tree Hill characters __knowledge__ Schwahn served as executive producer while also writing and directing for the show, including the premieres and finales of all seasons.", "List of One Tree Hill characters __knowledge__ The show began with nine main characters in its first season.", "List of One Tree Hill characters __knowledge__ After that, characters from that first season left the show, with new main characters having been both written in and out of the series.", "List of One Tree Hill characters __knowledge__ Originally, it followed two half-brothers Lucas and Nathan Scott who started out as enemies but later formed a close bond as brothers.", "List of Gakuen Alice characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the anime and manga series, \"Gakuen Alice\".", "List of Gakuen Alice characters __knowledge__ Names are displayed in Western order (given name before surname).", "List of Gakuen Alice characters __knowledge__ Mikan is the female protagonist of the story and a 10-year-old girl, especially characterised by being optimistic, childlike, cheerful and energetic.", "List of Gakuen Alice characters __knowledge__ She previously lived in the countryside with her grandfather and best friend Hotaru, until Hotaru moved away when going to study at Alice Academy, prompting Mikan to follow her friend.", "List of Gakuen Alice characters __knowledge__ An accidental encounter with teacher Narumi causes her to be enrolled into the school along with Hotaru, much to her pleasure.", "Academic graduation by country __knowledge__ The procedures and traditions surrounding academic graduation ceremonies differ around the world.", "Academic graduation by country __knowledge__ In India the graduation ceremony is commonly known as convocation.", "Academic graduation by country __knowledge__ At the universities and institutes, the graduation ceremonies are formal affairs, which include an academic procession by both the academic heads and the students.", "Academic graduation by country __knowledge__ All the Indian Institutes of Technologies (IITs) celebrate a convocation ceremony.", "Academic graduation by country __knowledge__ A chief guest is invited for the ceremony.", "Academic graduation by country __knowledge__ Underclassmen, parents, and teachers are seated first.", "Academic graduation by country __knowledge__ The vice principal leads in the local officials and special guests.", "Academic graduation by country __knowledge__ The teachers all stand and bow to them as they enter." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Valedictorian __knowledge__ Valedictorian is an academic title of success used in the United States, Canada, Central America, and the Philippines for the student who delivers the closing or farewell statement at a graduation ceremony (called a valediction).", "Valedictorian __knowledge__ The chosen valedictorian is often the student with the highest ranking (highest Grade Point Average, or GPA for short) among their graduating class.", "Valedictorian __knowledge__ The term is an Anglicised derivation of the Latin \"vale dicere\" (\"to say farewell\"), historically rooted in the valedictorian's traditional role as the final speaker at the graduation ceremony before the students receive their diplomas.", "Valedictorian __knowledge__ The valedictory address generally is considered a final farewell to classmates, before they disperse to pursue their individual paths after graduating.", "Valedictorian __knowledge__ In Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Ireland, India, Pakistan and the United Kingdom, the title valedictorian is not used frequently.", "Valedictorian __knowledge__ In Australia, the title is sometimes awarded to a member of a graduating university class on the basis of contribution to the school rather than academic success.", "Valedictorian __knowledge__ The highest-ranking student in a graduating class is often referred to as \"dux\" (Latin for \"leader\"), and may or may not give a speech.", "Grading systems by country __knowledge__ This is a list of grading systems used by countries of the world, first organized by continent, with links to specifics in many entries.", "Grading systems by country __knowledge__ Most universities follow a model based on the British system.", "Grading systems by country __knowledge__ Thus, at the University of Cape Town and the University of South Africa (UNISA), the percentages are calibrated as follows: a 1st class pass is given for75% and above, a second (division one) for 70 - 74%, a second (division two) for 60% - 69%, and a third for 50 - 59%.", "Grading systems by country __knowledge__ Any lower than 50% is a fail.", "Grading systems by country __knowledge__ The University of the Witwatersrand considers an A to be 75% and above.", "Grading systems by country __knowledge__ Different countries in Asia have a variety of grading scales.", "Business Careers High School __knowledge__ Business Careers High School (BCHS) is a business magnet high school part of the Northside Independent School District in San Antonio, Texas.", "Business Careers High School __knowledge__ It is a \"school within a school\" located on the campus of Oliver Wendell Holmes High School.", "Business Careers High School __knowledge__ The school attracts students who want to study business and other related fields.", "Business Careers High School __knowledge__ The school allows the students to grasp the concepts of the business world easier by offering laptops to each student to use for school purposes.", "Business Careers High School __knowledge__ Northside Independent School District and the business community combined their resources in 1991 to create Business Careers High School.", "Business Careers High School __knowledge__ Business Careers High School is a magnet school that focuses on business aspects.", "Hornstine v. Township of Moorestown __knowledge__ Hornstine v. Moorestown (full caption Hornstine v. Township of Moorestown, 263 F.Supp.2d 887) was a 2003 case in U.S. Federal District Court that considered whether grades received by a student with a disability for classes where accommodations had been made under an Individualized Education Program could be discounted in awarding valedictorian honors.", "Hornstine v. Township of Moorestown __knowledge__ Blair Hornstine, then in her final year at Moorestown High School, sued the Moorestown Township (New Jersey) Public Schools Board of Education to stop them \"from retroactively applying to her a proposed policy amendment that would allow the designation of multiple valedictorians\".", "Iron–hydrogen alloy __knowledge__ An iron–hydrogen alloy, also known as an iron hydride, is an alloy of iron and hydrogen formed when hydrogen atoms dissolve in the crystal structure of metallic iron.", "Iron–hydrogen alloy __knowledge__ This article deals with two broad classes of the iron-hydrogen system: solid iron at ordinary pressure that can incorporate a small amount of hydrogen into its crystal structure; and iron-hydrogen phases that exist at extreme temperatures and pressures, such as might be found in the Earth's core.", "Iron–hydrogen alloy __knowledge__ These substances are the subject of study in industrial metallurgy and planetary geology.", "Iron–hydrogen alloy __knowledge__ Iron is commonly found in the Earth's crust in the form of an ore, usually an iron oxide, such as magnetite, hematite, etc.", "Solid nitrogen __knowledge__ Solid nitrogen is the solid form of the element nitrogen.", "Solid nitrogen __knowledge__ It is an important component of the surfaces of Pluto and outer moons of the Solar System such as Neptune's Triton.", "Solid nitrogen __knowledge__ Under low or moderate pressure solid nitrogen contains dinitrogen molecules held together by London dispersion forces.", "Solid nitrogen __knowledge__ Non-molecular forms of solid nitrogen produced by extreme pressures have a higher energy density than any other non-nuclear material.", "Solid nitrogen __knowledge__ Solid nitrogen was first made in 1884, by first liquefying hydrogen with evaporating liquid nitrogen, and then allowing the liquid hydrogen to freeze the nitrogen.", "Solid nitrogen __knowledge__ Karol Olszewski achieved a world record lowest temperature by evaporating vapour from solid nitrogen getting down to 48 K. Solid nitrogen is normally made in a laboratory by evaporating liquid nitrogen in a vacuum.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Trust metric __knowledge__ In psychology and sociology, a trust metric is a measurement of the degree to which one social actor (an individual or a group) trusts another social actor.", "Trust metric __knowledge__ Trust metrics may be abstracted in a manner that can be implemented on computers, making them of interest for the study and engineering of virtual communities, such as Friendster and LiveJournal.", "Trust metric __knowledge__ Trust escapes a simple measurement because its meaning is too subjective for universally reliable metrics, and the fact that it is a mental process, unavailable to instruments.", "Trust metric __knowledge__ There is a strong argument against the use of simplistic metrics to measure trust due to the complexity of the process and the 'embeddedness' of trust that makes it impossible to isolate trust from related factors.", "Academic grading in the United States __knowledge__ Academic grading in the United States commonly takes on the form of five letter grades.", "Academic grading in the United States __knowledge__ Traditionally, the grades are A, B, C, D, and F — A being the highest and F, short for \"failed\", the lowest.", "Academic grading in the United States __knowledge__ Numeric to letter grade conversions generally vary from system to system and between disciplines and status.", "Academic grading in the United States __knowledge__ In some cases, grades can be numerical, from 1 to 4, in which 1 being the worst and 4 is the best.", "Academic grading in the United States __knowledge__ The typical grades awarded for participation in a course are (from highest to lowest) A, B, C, D, and F. Variations on the traditional five-grade system allow for awarding A+, A, A- ; B+, B, & B-; C+, C, & C-; D+, D, & D-; and F. In primary and secondary schools, a D is usually the lowest passing grade, however, there are some schools that consider a C the lowest passing grade, so the general standard is that anything below a 60 or 70 is failing, depending on the grading scale.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ College admissions in the United States refers to the process of applying for entrance to institutions of higher education for undergraduate study at one of the nation's 2,675 schools.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ Generally, the college search begins in the student's eleventh grade of high school with most activity taking place during the twelfth grade, although students at top high schools often begin the process during their tenth grade or earlier.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ In addition, there are considerable numbers of students who transfer from one college to another, as well as adults older than high school age who apply to college.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ Millions of high school students apply to college each year.", "Transfer admissions in the United States __knowledge__ Transfer admissions in the United States refers to college students changing universities during their college years.", "Transfer admissions in the United States __knowledge__ While estimates of transfer activity vary considerably, the consensus view is that it is substantial and increasing, although media coverage of student transfers is generally less than coverage of the high school to college transition.", "Transfer admissions in the United States __knowledge__ A common transfer path is students moving from two-year community colleges to four-year institutions, although there is also considerable movement between four-year institutions.", "Transfer admissions in the United States __knowledge__ Reasons for transferring include unhappiness with campus life, cost, and course and degree selection.", "Bachelor's degree __knowledge__ A bachelor's degree (from Middle Latin \"baccalaureus\") or baccalaureate (from Modern Latin \"baccalaureatus\") is an undergraduate academic degree awarded by colleges and universities upon completion of a course of study lasting three to seven years (depending on institution and academic discipline).", "Bachelor's degree __knowledge__ In some institutions and educational systems, some bachelor's degrees can only be taken as graduate or postgraduate degrees after a first degree has been completed.", "Bachelor's degree __knowledge__ In countries with qualifications frameworks, bachelor's degrees are normally one of the major levels in the framework (sometimes two levels where non-honours and honours bachelor's degrees are considered separately), although some qualifications titled bachelor's degrees may be at other levels (e.g.", "Latin honors __knowledge__ Latin honors are Latin phrases used to indicate the level of distinction with which an academic degree has been earned.", "Latin honors __knowledge__ This system is primarily used in the United States, many countries of continental Europe, and some Southeastern Asian countries with European colonial history, such as Indonesia and the Philippines, although some institutions use translations of these phrases rather than the Latin originals.", "Latin honors __knowledge__ The honors distinction should not be confused with the honors degrees offered in some countries.", "Latin honors __knowledge__ Generally, a college's or university's regulations set out definite criteria to be met in order for a student to obtain a given honors distinction." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Valedictorian __knowledge__ Valedictorian is an academic title of success used in the United States, Canada, Central America, and the Philippines for the student who delivers the closing or farewell statement at a graduation ceremony (called a valediction).", "Valedictorian __knowledge__ The chosen valedictorian is often the student with the highest ranking (highest Grade Point Average, or GPA for short) among their graduating class.", "Valedictorian __knowledge__ The term is an Anglicised derivation of the Latin \"vale dicere\" (\"to say farewell\"), historically rooted in the valedictorian's traditional role as the final speaker at the graduation ceremony before the students receive their diplomas.", "Valedictorian __knowledge__ The valedictory address generally is considered a final farewell to classmates, before they disperse to pursue their individual paths after graduating.", "Valedictorian __knowledge__ In Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Ireland, India, Pakistan and the United Kingdom, the title valedictorian is not used frequently.", "Valedictorian __knowledge__ In Australia, the title is sometimes awarded to a member of a graduating university class on the basis of contribution to the school rather than academic success.", "Valedictorian __knowledge__ The highest-ranking student in a graduating class is often referred to as \"dux\" (Latin for \"leader\"), and may or may not give a speech.", "O mein Papa __knowledge__ \"O mein Papa\" is a German song, as related by a young woman remembering her beloved, once-famous clown father.", "O mein Papa __knowledge__ It was written by Swiss composer Paul Burkhard in 1939 for the musical \"Der schwarze Hecht\" (\"The Black Pike\"), reproduced in 1950 as \"Das Feuerwerk\" (\"The Firework\") to a libretto by Erik Charell, Jürg Amstein, and Robert Gilbert.", "O mein Papa __knowledge__ In 1954, that musical was turned into the film \"Fireworks\" with Lilli Palmer.", "O mein Papa __knowledge__ \"Oh, mein Papa\", an instrumental version by trumpeter Eddie Calvert, topped the UK Singles Chart in 1954, and was also a Top 10 hit in the US.", "O mein Papa __knowledge__ It was adapted into English by John Turner and Geoffrey Parsons under the title \"Oh!", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The Spirit of the Age (full title \"The Spirit of the Age: Or, Contemporary Portraits\") is a collection of character sketches by the early 19th century English essayist, literary critic, and social commentator William Hazlitt, portraying 25 men, mostly British, whom he believed to represent significant trends in the thought, literature, and politics of his time.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The subjects include thinkers, social reformers, politicians, poets, essayists, and novelists, many of whom Hazlitt was personally acquainted with or had encountered.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ Originally appearing in English periodicals, mostly \"The New Monthly Magazine\" in 1824, the essays were collected with several others written for the purpose and published in book form in 1825.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ Ha Dong-hoon (; born on August 20, 1979), better known by his stage name Haha (), is a South Korean singer, variety show host and member of Skull & Haha.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ He is best known for being in the sitcom, \"Nonstop\" and for co-hosting two popular variety programs, MBC's \"Infinite Challenge\" and SBS's \"Running Man\".", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ He has also hosted his own show, titled \"Ya Man TV\" on Mnet in 2015.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ Haha was born on August 20, 1979 in Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, West Germany and moved to Seoul, South Korea when he was an infant.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ His parents are both Korean, with his mother holding a doctorate in psychology, and he has an older sister, Ha Juri () who is a pianist, also with a doctorate.", "Francization of Brussels __knowledge__ The Francization (or Francisation) of Brussels (, ) refers to the transformation of Brussels, Belgium, from a majority Dutch-speaking city to one that is bilingual or even multilingual, with French as both the majority language and lingua franca.", "Francization of Brussels __knowledge__ Initially, the dominant aspect of this transition was the shift from Dutch to French among local Flemings in Brussels.", "Francization of Brussels __knowledge__ This shift occurred over one or more generations, mirroring the advance of French elsewhere as a prestige language; subsequently, the dominance of French in Brussels has been further consolidated through internal migration of Francophone Walloons into the national capital, as well as by the immigration of non-Belgians, who either already spoke French or adopted it on arrival.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters for the British television and radio sketch show \"Little Britain\" (and its American spin-off, \"Little Britain USA\").", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played By: David Walliams Appearances: Season 3 Alan works for the Donkey Hospice in the town of Achingballs.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ After contributors give him some money, he blatantly places stickers on embarrassing body parts, such as the genital region or breasts and on someone's rear in a deleted scene.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ He makes one appearance in Series 3.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played by: David Walliams Episodes: Radio Show; Season 1, episodes 4 and 5 Catchphrase: \"I love you Anne\" and \"I need you Anne\" Peter Andre is a royal BBC correspondent who gets sacked after first making surreal and false claims about the Royal Family (such as Prince Charles having magical powers, describing The Queen as \"The Main One\" and mistaking Princess Eugenie for her mother, Sarah, Duchess of York) and then expressing his love for Princess Anne through song.", "Switchfoot __knowledge__ Switchfoot is an American alternative rock band from San Diego, California.", "Switchfoot __knowledge__ The band's members are Jon Foreman (lead vocals, guitar), Tim Foreman (bass guitar, backing vocals), Chad Butler (drums, percussion), Jerome Fontamillas (guitar, keyboards, backing vocals), and Drew Shirley (guitar, backing vocals).", "Switchfoot __knowledge__ After early successes in the Christian rock scene, Switchfoot first gained mainstream recognition with the inclusion of four of their songs in the 2002 movie \"A Walk to Remember\".", "Switchfoot __knowledge__ This recognition led to their major label debut, \"The Beautiful Letdown\", which was released in 2003 and featured the hits \"Meant to Live\" and \"Dare You to Move\".", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ The 2010 \"Tonight Show\" conflict was a media and public relations conflict involving American television network NBC and two of its then-late-night talk show hosts, Conan O'Brien and Jay Leno.", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ Leno, the host of long-running franchise \"The Tonight Show\" since 1992, and O'Brien, host of \"Late Night\" since 1993, were strong ratings leaders for the network for much of the decade.", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ When O'Brien's contract neared its end and he was courted by other networks in 2001, NBC extended his contract and essentially guaranteed him he would be the fifth host of \"The Tonight Show\".", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ The network neglected to let Leno know this until his contract extension in 2004, when they informed him he would remain host for five more years and then transition the show to O'Brien in 2009.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ The Plame affair (also known as the CIA leak scandal and Plamegate) was a political scandal that revolved around journalist Robert Novak's public identification of Valerie Plame as a covert Central Intelligence Agency officer in 2003.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ In 2002, Plame wrote a memo to her superiors in which she expressed hesitation in recommending her husband, former diplomat Joseph C. Wilson, to the CIA for a mission to Niger to investigate claims that Iraq had arranged to purchase and import uranium from the country, but stated that he \"may be in a position to assist\".", "Plame affair __knowledge__ After President George W. Bush stated that \"Saddam Hussein recently sought significant quantities of uranium from Africa\" during the run-up to the 2003 invasion of Iraq, Wilson published a July 2003 op-ed in \"The New York Times\" stating his doubts during the mission that any such transaction with Iraq had taken place.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of supporting characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ is a fictional character in the anime \"Tenchi Muyo!\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ OVA In the OVA, Katsuhito, also known as , fled Jurai over 700 years ago to \"retire\" on Earth.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ He was once the greatest swordsman on Jurai.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ Currently Katsuhito is a Shinto priest who is not only training Tenchi to be a Shinto priest but also training him in Jurai swordsmanship.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ Yōshō had a marriage arranged with half-sister Ayeka, but left.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ At the time, not all Juraians liked the idea of mixed blood heritages (he is part human, on his mother's side) and he used Ryōko's attack as an excuse to slip away to Earth.", "2016–18 Wau clashes __knowledge__ Heavy clashes take place in the Wau State since late June 2016 between the Dinka-dominated Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA) and local opposition forces, consisting of tribal Fertit militias as well as fighters claiming allegiance to Riek Machar.", "2016–18 Wau clashes __knowledge__ It is unclear to what extent these rebels are actually part of the SPLM-IO or acting independently while using the SPLM-IO's name.", "2016–18 Wau clashes __knowledge__ So far, the clashes resulted in the arrest of the state's governor, Elias Waya Nyipuoc, widespread death and destruction in the state capital, Wau town, and the displacement of up to 150,000 people.", "2016–18 Wau clashes __knowledge__ Since early December 2015, tensions between the different ethnic groups of Wau State began to rise, as SPLA soldiers from Northern Bahr el Ghazal and Warrap were deployed to Wau to act as counter-insurgency force, while the local SPLM-IO fighters intensified their operations." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 4, 6 ]

[ "One of my very good friends was Valedictorian when we graduated high school. Have you ever been one before?", "Well of course! It is extremely hard to get the highest ranking grade point average among your entire class!", "Oh no! yeah that is a letdown for sure. But hey! you dont have to give the speech or address, the final farewell to all your classmates! That would make me so nervous!", "Yes! Those were awful! Now in Australia the title is awarded to the member of the graduating class who has made the most contribution to the school, thats different! " ]

[ "Valedictorian", "Valedictorian", "Valedictorian", "Valedictorian" ]

[ "Yoga", "That is interesting, I think yoga is pretty cool. I've only done it once in awhile though.", "What are the differences between those two?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Yoga __knowledge__ Yoga (; Sanskrit, योगः Listen) is a group of physical, mental, and spiritual practices or disciplines which originated in ancient India.", "Yoga __knowledge__ There is a broad variety of yoga schools, practices, and goals in Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism.", "Yoga __knowledge__ Among the most well-known types of yoga are Hatha yoga and Rāja yoga.", "Yoga __knowledge__ The origins of yoga have been speculated to date back to pre-Vedic Indian traditions; it is mentioned in the Rigveda, but most likely developed around the sixth and fifth centuries BCE, in ancient India's ascetic and śramaṇa movements.", "Yoga __knowledge__ The chronology of earliest texts describing yoga-practices is unclear, varyingly credited to Hindu Upanishads.", "Yoga __knowledge__ The \"Yoga Sutras of Patanjali\" date from the first half of the 1st millennium CE, but only gained prominence in the West in the 20th century.", "Yoga __knowledge__ Hatha yoga texts emerged around the 11th century with origins in tantra.", "Yoga __knowledge__ Yoga gurus from India later introduced yoga to the West, following the success of Swami Vivekananda in the late 19th and early 20th century.", "Yoga __knowledge__ In the 1980s, yoga became popular as a system of physical exercise across the Western world.", "Yoga __knowledge__ Yoga in Indian traditions, however, is more than physical exercise; it has a meditative and spiritual core." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Yoga __knowledge__ Yoga (; Sanskrit, योगः Listen) is a group of physical, mental, and spiritual practices or disciplines which originated in ancient India.", "Yoga __knowledge__ There is a broad variety of yoga schools, practices, and goals in Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism.", "Yoga __knowledge__ Among the most well-known types of yoga are Hatha yoga and Rāja yoga.", "Yoga __knowledge__ The origins of yoga have been speculated to date back to pre-Vedic Indian traditions; it is mentioned in the Rigveda, but most likely developed around the sixth and fifth centuries BCE, in ancient India's ascetic and śramaṇa movements.", "Yoga __knowledge__ The chronology of earliest texts describing yoga-practices is unclear, varyingly credited to Hindu Upanishads.", "Yoga __knowledge__ The \"Yoga Sutras of Patanjali\" date from the first half of the 1st millennium CE, but only gained prominence in the West in the 20th century.", "Yoga __knowledge__ Hatha yoga texts emerged around the 11th century with origins in tantra.", "Yoga __knowledge__ Yoga gurus from India later introduced yoga to the West, following the success of Swami Vivekananda in the late 19th and early 20th century.", "Yoga __knowledge__ In the 1980s, yoga became popular as a system of physical exercise across the Western world.", "Yoga __knowledge__ Yoga in Indian traditions, however, is more than physical exercise; it has a meditative and spiritual core.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ The manga series \"Rurouni Kenshin\" features a large cast of fictional characters created by Nobuhiro Watsuki.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ Set in Japan during the Meiji period, several of the characters are real historical figures who interact with the fictional characters.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ The story follows a pacifist wanderer named Himura Kenshin, who was previously an assassin known as \"\"Hitokiri Battōsai\"\" working for the Isshin Shishi during the Bakumatsu period.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ After helping Kamiya Kaoru, the instructor of a kendo school in Tokyo, in defeating a criminal he is invited by her to stay at her dojo.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ During his stay in Tokyo, Kenshin befriends new people including Myōjin Yahiko, a young child descendant from a samurai family who starts training under Kaoru, Sagara Sanosuke, a former Sekihō who enjoys fighting, and Takani Megumi, a doctor involved with the illegal drug trade.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Pet Sounds is the eleventh studio album by American rock band the Beach Boys, released on May 16, 1966.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ It initially met with a lukewarm critical and commercial response in the United States, peaking at number 10 in the \"Billboard\" 200, a significantly lower placement than the band's preceding albums.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the album was hailed by its music press and was an immediate commercial success, peaking at number 2 in the UK Top 40 Albums Chart and remaining among the top ten positions for six months.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Originally promoted as \"the most progressive pop album ever\", \"Pet Sounds\" attracted recognition for its ambitious recording and unusually sophisticated music, and is widely considered to be one of the most influential albums in music history.", "Dear... (The Grace album) __knowledge__ Dear... is The Grace's second Japanese album released on January 9, 2009.", "Dear... (The Grace album) __knowledge__ The title track \"\"Sukoshi de Ikara\" (少しでいいから) (A Little Bit of Good)\" was used as the movie \"Subaru\" soundtrack song.", "Dear... (The Grace album) __knowledge__ Tenjochiki's second studio album includes 2 singles released from July 2008 in Japan including the B-side of their 7th single \"Here\": \"Near: Thoughtful 1220\" and the album consists of a total of 9 tracks.", "Dear... (The Grace album) __knowledge__ The album peaked #14 on Oricon daily album charts and #37 on the Oricon weekly album charts, charted for 3 weeks and sold 4,734 copies, making their most successful Japanese album so far.", "Dear... (The Grace album) __knowledge__ Known as “The Grace” in Korea and “Tenjo Chiki” in Japan, the pop group consists of So.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Dennis Michael Miller (born November 3, 1953) is an American stand-up comedian, talk show host, political commentator, sports commentator, actor, and television and radio personality.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He rose as a cast member of \"Saturday Night Live\" in 1985, and subsequently hosted a string of his own talk shows on HBO, CNBC, and in syndication.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ From 2007 to 2015, Miller hosted a daily, three-hour, self-titled talk radio program, nationally syndicated by Westwood One.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He is known for his critical assessments of current events, laced with pop culture references and delivered in an idiosyncratic verbal style.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Miller is listed as 21st on Comedy Central's 100 greatest stand up comedians of all time, and was ranked as the best host of SNL's \"Weekend Update\" by Vulture.com.", "Vihangamyoga __knowledge__ Vihangam Yoga is an ancient meditation technique practiced by Indian seers and sages.", "Vihangamyoga __knowledge__ In the current time, it is established by Sadguru Sadafaldeo Ji Maharaj.", "Vihangamyoga __knowledge__ Vihangam Yoga is also known as \"Brahmavidya\", \"Madhu-vidya\", \"Para Vidhya\" in the Indian ancient most scriptures and Vedas.", "Vihangamyoga __knowledge__ \"\"Vihangam\"\" literally means \"bird\".", "Vihangamyoga __knowledge__ Just as a bird leaves its base on the earth to fly high in the sky, so does \"Vihangam Yoga\" enable the human Soul (Atma) to cut off its moorings in the Prakriti (phenomenal world) and realize its true and free nature.", "Vihangamyoga __knowledge__ This knowledge is emerged from Brahma so it is also named as Brahma Vidya and who ever has gained this knowledge by practising it called Brahma Rishi.", "Let's Wait Awhile __knowledge__ \"Let's Wait Awhile\" is a song by American singer Janet Jackson, released as the fifth single from her third studio album \"Control\" (1986).", "Let's Wait Awhile __knowledge__ It was written and produced by Jackson and Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis, with Melanie Andrews also serving as co-writer.", "Let's Wait Awhile __knowledge__ It is also the first song Jackson co-produced.", "Let's Wait Awhile __knowledge__ Inspired by a conversation Melanie Andrews had with a childhood boyfriend, the song speaks of sexual abstinence and postponing intimacy within a relationship.", "Let's Wait Awhile __knowledge__ The song received generally favorable reviews from music critics, who praised the track's sweetness and Jackson's tender delivery.", "Let's Wait Awhile __knowledge__ It was also praised for its meaningful message, considered to be a teaching tool to encourage sexual abstinence amidst the AIDS crisis at the time.", "Meditation __knowledge__ Meditation can be defined as a practice where an individual focuses his or her mind on a particular object, thought or activity to achieve a mentally clear and emotionally calm state.", "Meditation __knowledge__ Meditation may be used to reduce stress, anxiety, depression, and pain.", "Meditation __knowledge__ It may be done while sitting, repeating a mantra, and closing the eyes in a quiet environment.", "Meditation __knowledge__ Meditation has been practiced since antiquity in numerous religious traditions and beliefs.", "Meditation __knowledge__ Since the 19th century, it has spread from its Asian origins to Western cultures where it is commonly practiced in private and business life.", "Meditation __knowledge__ Meditation is under psychological, neurological, and cardiovascular research to define its possible health effects.", "Baba Hari Dass __knowledge__ Baba Hari Dass (Devanagari: बाबा हरि दास); born 26 March 1923 in Almora near Nainital, Uttar Pradesh, now Uttarakhand, India, is a yoga master, a silent monk, and a commentator of Indian scriptural tradition of Dharma and Moksha.", "Baba Hari Dass __knowledge__ He was classically trained in Ashtanga Yoga – Raja Yoga of Patanjali (the Yoga of Eight Limbs), as well as Kriya Yoga, Ayurveda, Samkhya, Tantra Yoga, Vedanta, and Sanskrit.", "Baba Hari Dass __knowledge__ Born into the 13th generation of a Kumaoni Karnatak Brahmin family, in the lunar month of Chaitra, in Shukla Paksha (Rama Navami), he is also an author, playwright, martial arts teacher, sculptor and builder of temples.", "Kundalini __knowledge__ Kundalini (Sanskrit: \"\", , \"coiled one\"), in the concept of Dharma, refers to a form of primal energy (or \"shakti\") said to be located at the base of the spine.", "Kundalini __knowledge__ Writer Joseph Campbell describes the concept of Kundalini as \"the figure of a coiled female serpent—a serpent goddess not of \"gross\" but \"subtle\" substance—which is to be thought of as residing in a torpid, slumbering state in a subtle center, the first of the seven, near the base of the spine: the aim of the yoga then being to rouse this serpent, lift her head, and bring her up a subtle nerve or channel of the spine to the so-called \"thousand-petaled lotus\" (Sahasrara) at the crown of the head...She, rising from the lowest to the highest lotus center will pass through and wake the five between, and with each waking, the psychology and personality of the practitioner will be altogether and fundamentally transformed.\"", "Spirituality __knowledge__ Traditionally, spirituality refers to a religious process of re-formation which \"aims to recover the original shape of man,\" oriented at \"the image of God\" as exemplified by the founders and sacred texts of the religions of the world.", "Spirituality __knowledge__ In modern times the emphasis is on subjective experience of a sacred dimension and the \"deepest values and meanings by which people live,\" often in a context separate from organized religious institutions.", "Spirituality __knowledge__ Modern systems of spirituality may include a belief in a supernatural (beyond the known and observable) realm, personal growth, a quest for an ultimate or sacred meaning, religious experience, or an encounter with one's own \"inner dimension.\"", "Secular spirituality __knowledge__ Secular spirituality is the adherence to a spiritual philosophy without adherence to a religion.", "Secular spirituality __knowledge__ Secular spirituality emphasizes the personal development of the individual, rather than a relationship with the divine.", "Secular spirituality __knowledge__ Secular spirituality is made up of the search for meaning outside of a religious institution; it considers one's relationship with the self, others, nature, and whatever else one considers to be the ultimate.", "Secular spirituality __knowledge__ Often, the goal of secular spirituality is living happily and/or helping others.", "Secular spirituality __knowledge__ According to Robert C. Solomon, an American Professor of Philosophy, \"spirituality is coextensive with religion and it is not incompatible with or opposed to science or the scientific outlook." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Yoga __knowledge__ Yoga (; Sanskrit, योगः Listen) is a group of physical, mental, and spiritual practices or disciplines which originated in ancient India.", "Yoga __knowledge__ There is a broad variety of yoga schools, practices, and goals in Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism.", "Yoga __knowledge__ Among the most well-known types of yoga are Hatha yoga and Rāja yoga.", "Yoga __knowledge__ The origins of yoga have been speculated to date back to pre-Vedic Indian traditions; it is mentioned in the Rigveda, but most likely developed around the sixth and fifth centuries BCE, in ancient India's ascetic and śramaṇa movements.", "Yoga __knowledge__ The chronology of earliest texts describing yoga-practices is unclear, varyingly credited to Hindu Upanishads.", "Yoga __knowledge__ The \"Yoga Sutras of Patanjali\" date from the first half of the 1st millennium CE, but only gained prominence in the West in the 20th century.", "Yoga __knowledge__ Hatha yoga texts emerged around the 11th century with origins in tantra.", "Yoga __knowledge__ Yoga gurus from India later introduced yoga to the West, following the success of Swami Vivekananda in the late 19th and early 20th century.", "Yoga __knowledge__ In the 1980s, yoga became popular as a system of physical exercise across the Western world.", "Yoga __knowledge__ Yoga in Indian traditions, however, is more than physical exercise; it has a meditative and spiritual core.", "Sex differences in psychology __knowledge__ Sex differences in psychology are differences in the mental functions and behaviors of the sexes, and are due to a complex interplay of biological, developmental, and cultural factors.", "Sex differences in psychology __knowledge__ Differences have been found in a variety of fields such as mental health, cognitive abilities, personality, and tendency towards aggression.", "Sex differences in psychology __knowledge__ Such variation may be both innate or learned and is often very difficult to distinguish.", "Sex differences in psychology __knowledge__ Modern research attempts to distinguish between such differences, and to analyze any ethical concerns raised.", "Sex differences in psychology __knowledge__ Since behavior is a result of interactions between nature and nurture researchers are interested in investigating how biology and environment interact to produce such differences, although this is often not possible.", "Sex differences in intelligence __knowledge__ Differences in intelligence have long been a topic of debate among researchers and scholars.", "Sex differences in intelligence __knowledge__ With the advent of the concept of \"g\" or general intelligence, many researchers have argued for no significant sex differences in \"g\" factor or general intelligence while others have argued for greater intelligence for males.", "Sex differences in intelligence __knowledge__ The split view between these researchers depended on the methodology and tests they used for their claims.", "Sex differences in intelligence __knowledge__ One study found some advantage for women in later life, while another found that male advantages on some cognitive tests are minimized when controlling for socioeconomic factors.", "Race and intelligence __knowledge__ The connection between race and intelligence has been a subject of debate in both popular science and academic research since the inception of IQ testing in the early 20th century.", "Race and intelligence __knowledge__ While tests have broadly shown differences in average scores based on self-identified race or ethnicity, there is considerable debate as to whether and to what extent those differences reflect environmental factors as opposed to genetic ones, as well as to the definitions of what \"race\" and \"intelligence\" are, and whether they can be objectively defined at all.", "Race and intelligence __knowledge__ Currently, there is no non-circumstantial evidence that these differences in test scores have a genetic component, although some researchers believe that the existing circumstantial evidence makes it at least plausible that hard evidence for a genetic component will eventually be found.", "Sex differences in humans __knowledge__ Sex differences in humans, or gender differences in humans, have been studied in a variety of fields.", "Sex differences in humans __knowledge__ In humans, biological sex is determined by five factors present at birth: the presence or absence of a Y chromosome, the type of gonads, the sex hormones, the internal reproductive anatomy (such as the uterus), and the external genitalia.", "Sex differences in humans __knowledge__ Genetic sex is determined solely by the presence or absence of a Y chromosome.", "Sex differences in humans __knowledge__ A child's presumed sex is determined at birth by observation of the external genitalia.", "Sex differences in humans __knowledge__ A distinction is sometimes made between sex and gender.", "Sex differences in humans __knowledge__ Sex differences generally refer to traits that are sexually dimorphic.", "History of the race and intelligence controversy __knowledge__ The history of the race and intelligence controversy concerns the historical development of a debate, concerning possible explanations of group differences encountered in the study of race and intelligence.", "History of the race and intelligence controversy __knowledge__ Since the beginning of IQ testing around the time of World War I there have been observed differences between average scores of different population groups, but there has been no agreement about whether this is mainly due to environmental and cultural factors, or mainly due to some genetic factor, or even if the dichotomy between environmental and genetic factors is the most effectual approach to the debate.", "Sex differences in human physiology __knowledge__ Sex differences in human physiology are distinctions of physiological characteristics associated with either male or female humans.", "Sex differences in human physiology __knowledge__ These can be of several types, including direct and indirect.", "Sex differences in human physiology __knowledge__ Direct being the direct result of differences prescribed by the Y-chromosome, and indirect being a characteristic influenced indirectly (e.g.", "Sex differences in human physiology __knowledge__ hormonally) by the Y-chromosome.", "Sex differences in human physiology __knowledge__ Sexual dimorphism is a term for the phenotypic difference between males and females of the same species.", "Sex differences in human physiology __knowledge__ Direct sex differences follow a bimodal distribution.", "Sex differences in human physiology __knowledge__ Through the process of meiosis and fertilization (with rare exceptions), each individual is created with zero or one Y-chromosome.", "Race (human categorization) __knowledge__ Race is a concept used in the categorization of humans into groups, called races or racial groups, based on combinations of shared physical traits, ancestry, genetics, and social or cultural traits.", "Race (human categorization) __knowledge__ Although such groupings lack a firm basis in modern biology, they continue to have a strong influence over contemporary social relations.", "Race (human categorization) __knowledge__ First used to refer to speakers of a common language and then to denote national affiliations, by the 17th century race began to refer to physical (phenotypical) traits.", "Race (human categorization) __knowledge__ The term was often used in a general biological taxonomic sense, starting from the 19th century, to denote genetically differentiated human populations defined by phenotype.", "Rāja yoga __knowledge__ In Sanskrit texts, Rāja yoga () refers to the goal of yoga (which is usually samadhi) and not a method of attaining it.", "Rāja yoga __knowledge__ The term also became a modern retronym, when in the 19th-century Swami Vivekananda equated raja yoga with the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali.", "Rāja yoga __knowledge__ Since then, Rāja yoga has variously referred to as \"royal yoga\", \"royal union\", \"sahaj marg\", \"classical yoga\", and \"aṣṭāṅga yoga\".", "Rāja yoga __knowledge__ Rāja (Sanskrit: राज) means \"chief, best of its kind\" or \"king\".", "Rāja yoga __knowledge__ Rāja yoga thus refers to \"chief, best of yoga\".", "Rāja yoga __knowledge__ The historical use of the term \"Rāja yoga\" is found in other contexts, quite different than its modern usage.", "Hatha yoga __knowledge__ Hatha yoga is a branch of yoga that emphasizes physical exercises to master the body along with mind as well as exercises to withdraw it from external objects.", "Hatha yoga __knowledge__ The word \"haṭha\" means \"force\" in Sanskrit, and may have this association because the early Indians believed that its practice was challenging and \"forced its results to happen\" on the yogi.", "Hatha yoga __knowledge__ The term \"Hatha yoga\" connotes a system of supplementary physical techniques within the broader concept of Yoga.", "Hatha yoga __knowledge__ The Hatha yoga origins have been credited by some scholars to the Nath yogi tradition of Shaivism, particularly to Gorakhnath.", "Hatha yoga __knowledge__ However, according to James Mallinson, Hatha yoga has more ancient roots and the oldest known twenty texts on Hatha yoga suggest this attribution to the Naths is incorrect.", "Baba Hari Dass __knowledge__ Baba Hari Dass (Devanagari: बाबा हरि दास); born 26 March 1923 in Almora near Nainital, Uttar Pradesh, now Uttarakhand, India, is a yoga master, a silent monk, and a commentator of Indian scriptural tradition of Dharma and Moksha.", "Baba Hari Dass __knowledge__ He was classically trained in Ashtanga Yoga – Raja Yoga of Patanjali (the Yoga of Eight Limbs), as well as Kriya Yoga, Ayurveda, Samkhya, Tantra Yoga, Vedanta, and Sanskrit.", "Baba Hari Dass __knowledge__ Born into the 13th generation of a Kumaoni Karnatak Brahmin family, in the lunar month of Chaitra, in Shukla Paksha (Rama Navami), he is also an author, playwright, martial arts teacher, sculptor and builder of temples.", "Hatha Yoga Pradipika __knowledge__ The Hatha Yoga Pradīpikā ( or Light on Hatha Yoga) is a classic fifteenth-century Sanskrit manual on hatha yoga, written by \"Svāmi\" Svātmārāma, who connects the teaching's lineage to Matsyendranath of the Nathas.", "Hatha Yoga Pradipika __knowledge__ It is among the most influential surviving texts on hatha yoga.", "Hatha Yoga Pradipika __knowledge__ The \"Hatha Yoga Pradīpikā\" is also one of three classic texts on hatha yoga, alongside the \"Gheranda Samhita\" and the \"Shiva Samhita\".", "Hatha Yoga Pradipika __knowledge__ Because this work originated so long ago, different manuscripts offer various versions of its title.", "Hatha Yoga Pradipika __knowledge__ The database of the A.C. Woolner manuscript project at the Library of the University of Vienna gives the following variant titles, gleaned from different manuscript colophons: \"Haṭhayogapradīpikā\", \"Haṭhapradīpikā\", \"Haṭhapradī\", \"Hath-Pradipika\".", "Yoga Yajnavalkya __knowledge__ The Yoga Yajnavalkya (, \"Yoga-Yājñavalkya\") is a classical Hindu yoga text in the Sanskrit language.", "Yoga Yajnavalkya __knowledge__ The text is written in the form of a male-female dialogue between the sage Yajnavalkya and Gargi.", "Yoga Yajnavalkya __knowledge__ The text consists of 12 chapters and contains 504 verses.", "Yoga Yajnavalkya __knowledge__ Like Patanjali's \"Yogasutras\", the \"Yoga Yajnavalkya\" describes the eight components of yoga; however, it has different goals.", "Yoga Yajnavalkya __knowledge__ The text contains additional material that is not found in \"Yogasutras\", such as the concept of \"kundalini\".", "Yoga Yajnavalkya __knowledge__ The \"Yoga Yajnavalkya\" contains one of the most comprehensive discussion of yoga components such as the \"Pranayama\", \"Pratyahara\" \"Dhyana\", and \"Dharana\".", "Yin yoga __knowledge__ Yin yoga is a slow-paced style of yoga with postures, or \"asanas\", that are held for longer periods of time—for beginners, it may range from 45 seconds to two minutes; more advanced practitioners may stay in one \"asana\" for five minutes or more.", "Yin yoga __knowledge__ Yin yoga poses apply moderate stress to the connective tissues of the body—the tendons, fascia, and ligaments—with the aim of increasing circulation in the joints and improving flexibility.", "Yin yoga __knowledge__ A more meditative approach to yoga, yin aims at cultivating awareness of inner silence, and bringing to light a universal, interconnecting quality.", "Yin yoga __knowledge__ Yin yoga's teaching in the Western world, beginning in the late 1970s, was founded by martial arts expert and Taoist yoga teacher Paulie Zink." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 42 ]

[ "Hello dear, have you ever done Yoga? is a group of physical, mental, and spiritual practices ", "there are two types of yoga: Hatha yoga and Rāja yoga.", " Rāja yogarefers to the goal of yoga " ]

[ "Yoga", "Yoga", "Yoga" ]

[ "Vampire\nI have recently started to get into vampire movies and stuff and now I want to learn more about vampires, Do you know about them? ", "Yea thats so spooky and fascinating, I wonder what being a vampire is like, Do vampires really live forever? If so why do they have to drink blood?", "That sounds creepy, I am now spooked out a little, What do vampires do? Do they just feed on humans, do they do things for fun ect? ", "That makes sense, I should have figured. What other cool things do vampires do? ", "Thats crazy, So I take it vampires go way back to the old days? When was the first reported vampire sighting?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Vampire __knowledge__ A vampire is a being from folklore that subsists by feeding on the life essence (generally in the form of blood) of the living.", "Vampire __knowledge__ In European folklore, vampires were undead beings that often visited loved ones and caused mischief or deaths in the neighbourhoods they inhabited when they were alive.", "Vampire __knowledge__ They wore shrouds and were often described as bloated and of ruddy or dark countenance, markedly different from today's gaunt, pale vampire which dates from the early 19th century.", "Vampire __knowledge__ Vampiric entities have been recorded in most cultures; the term \"vampire\", previously an arcane subject, was popularised in the West in the early 19th century, after an influx of vampire superstition into Western Europe from areas where vampire legends were frequent, such as the Balkans and Eastern Europe; local variants were also known by different names, such as \"shtriga\" in Albania, \"vrykolakas\" in Greece and \"strigoi\" in Romania.", "Vampire __knowledge__ This increased level of vampire superstition in Europe led to mass hysteria and in some cases resulted in corpses being staked and people being accused of vampirism.", "Vampire __knowledge__ In modern times, the vampire is generally held to be a fictitious entity, although belief in similar vampiric creatures such as the \"chupacabra\" still persists in some cultures.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters in Laurell K. Hamilton's \"\" series of novels.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The title character, Anita Blake starts as a human with the power of necromancy.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She joins the organization Animators, Inc. as an animator: a person who raises zombies) and a vampire executioner.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ In later volumes, she acquires some powers that are commonly associated with vampires.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She contracts the lycanthropy viruses which makes her associate with were-creatures.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She also grows powers as a succubus.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ Bert is the founder and managing partner of Animators, Inc. Over 6 feet tall and built like a former athlete, Bert is an unscrupulous boss who is inclined to sign the animators up for almost any job if the price is right.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "Vampire literature __knowledge__ Vampire literature covers the spectrum of literary work concerned principally with the subject of vampires.", "Vampire literature __knowledge__ The literary vampire first appeared in 18th-century poetry, before becoming one of the stock figures of gothic fiction with the publication of Polidori's \"The Vampyre\" (1819), which was inspired by the life and legend of Lord Byron.", "Vampire literature __knowledge__ Later influential works include the penny dreadful \"Varney the Vampire\" (1847); Sheridan Le Fanu's tale of a lesbian vampire, \"Carmilla\" (1872) and the masterpiece of the genre: Bram Stoker's \"Dracula\" (1897).", "Vampire literature __knowledge__ Some authors created a more \"sympathetic vampire\", with \"Varney\" being the first example, and in 1986 by Anne Rice in \"Interview with the Vampire\".", "List of The Vampire Diaries characters __knowledge__ \"The Vampire Diaries\" is an American fantasy-drama television series which was first broadcast on The CW from 2009 to 2017, airing 171 episodes over 8 seasons.", "List of The Vampire Diaries characters __knowledge__ Kevin Williamson and Julie Plec adapted the TV series from L.J.", "List of The Vampire Diaries characters __knowledge__ Smith's novel series of the same name.", "List of The Vampire Diaries characters __knowledge__ Some of the characters appeared in the spin-off series, \"The Originals\".", "List of The Vampire Diaries characters __knowledge__ The series is set in the fictional town of Mystic Falls, Virginia.", "List of The Vampire Diaries characters __knowledge__ The focal points of the show are a love triangle – involving Elena Gilbert and vampire brothers Stefan and Damon Salvatore – and the town's supernatural history, involving Elena's friends and relatives.", "Vampire: The Masquerade __knowledge__ Vampire: The Masquerade is a tabletop role-playing game (tabletop RPG) created by Mark Rein-Hagen and released in 1991 by White Wolf Publishing as the first of several Storyteller System games for its World of Darkness setting line.", "Vampire: The Masquerade __knowledge__ It is set in a fictionalized \"gothic-punk\" version of the modern world, where players assume the roles of vampires, who are referred to as \"Kindred\", and deal with their night-to-night struggles against their own bestial natures, vampire hunters and each other.", "Vampire: The Masquerade __knowledge__ Several associated products were produced based on \"Vampire: The Masquerade\", including live-action role-playing games (\"Mind's Eye Theatre\"), dice, collectible card games (\"\"), video games (\"\" and \"\"), and numerous novels.", "List of minor Buffy the Vampire Slayer characters __knowledge__ Buffy the Vampire Slayer is an American franchise which spans several media and genres.", "List of minor Buffy the Vampire Slayer characters __knowledge__ It began in 1992 with the film \"Buffy the Vampire Slayer\", written by Joss Whedon and directed by Fran Rubel Kuzui, and was resurrected as the television series, \"Buffy the Vampire Slayer\" in 1997.", "List of minor Buffy the Vampire Slayer characters __knowledge__ The show's popularity caused it to spawn a multitude of Expanded Universe tie-in material such as comic books, novels, and video games, as well as a spin-off program entitled \"Angel\".", "List of minor Buffy the Vampire Slayer characters __knowledge__ In 2007, four years after the television series' seventh and final season, \"Buffy the Vampire Slayer\" was officially continued in the comic book \"Season Eight\".", "List of The Southern Vampire Mysteries characters __knowledge__ This is a listing of significant characters in Charlaine Harris's \"The Southern Vampire Mysteries\" / Sookie Stackhouse novels only.", "List of The Southern Vampire Mysteries characters __knowledge__ HBO created a television series called \"True Blood\" based on the novels.", "List of The Southern Vampire Mysteries characters __knowledge__ Sookie is the main character of \"The Southern Vampire Mysteries\", and resides in the fictional town of Bon Temps, in rural, northern Louisiana.", "List of The Southern Vampire Mysteries characters __knowledge__ In the first novel, \"Dead Until Dark\", she describes herself as being 25 years old, with blond hair and blue eyes.", "List of The Southern Vampire Mysteries characters __knowledge__ She also states: “my legs are strong and my bosom is substantial, and I have a waspy waistline”.", "List of The Southern Vampire Mysteries characters __knowledge__ She is written to wear a ladies size 8-10, most of the time a 10." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Vampire __knowledge__ A vampire is a being from folklore that subsists by feeding on the life essence (generally in the form of blood) of the living.", "Vampire __knowledge__ In European folklore, vampires were undead beings that often visited loved ones and caused mischief or deaths in the neighbourhoods they inhabited when they were alive.", "Vampire __knowledge__ They wore shrouds and were often described as bloated and of ruddy or dark countenance, markedly different from today's gaunt, pale vampire which dates from the early 19th century.", "Vampire __knowledge__ Vampiric entities have been recorded in most cultures; the term \"vampire\", previously an arcane subject, was popularised in the West in the early 19th century, after an influx of vampire superstition into Western Europe from areas where vampire legends were frequent, such as the Balkans and Eastern Europe; local variants were also known by different names, such as \"shtriga\" in Albania, \"vrykolakas\" in Greece and \"strigoi\" in Romania.", "Vampire __knowledge__ This increased level of vampire superstition in Europe led to mass hysteria and in some cases resulted in corpses being staked and people being accused of vampirism.", "Vampire __knowledge__ In modern times, the vampire is generally held to be a fictitious entity, although belief in similar vampiric creatures such as the \"chupacabra\" still persists in some cultures.", "Vampire folklore by region __knowledge__ Legends of vampires have existed for millennia; cultures such as the Mesopotamians, Hebrews, ancient Greeks, and Romans had tales of demonic entities and blood-drinking spirits which are considered precursors to modern vampires.", "Vampire folklore by region __knowledge__ Despite the occurrence of vampire-like creatures in these ancient civilizations, the folklore for the entity we know today as the vampire originates almost exclusively from early 18th-century Southeastern Europe, particularly Transylvania as verbal traditions of many ethnic groups of the region were recorded and published.", "Vampire folklore by region __knowledge__ In most cases, vampires are revenants of evil beings, suicide victims, or witches, but can also be created by a malevolent spirit possessing a corpse or by being bitten by a vampire itself.", "List of The Saga of Darren Shan characters __knowledge__ Darren Shan is the main character of his diary, which is expressed from his point of view.", "List of The Saga of Darren Shan characters __knowledge__ As explained in the last book, \"Sons of Destiny\", the diary was supposedly transferred from Mr.", "List of The Saga of Darren Shan characters __knowledge__ Tall to the author.", "List of The Saga of Darren Shan characters __knowledge__ Darren became enamoured with Larten Crepsley's spider Madam Octa when he went to the Cirque du Freak, where he also learned vampires were real, Mr. Crepsley was one, and his best friend Steve Leonard wanted to become one.", "List of The Saga of Darren Shan characters __knowledge__ However, when Steve was bitten by Madam Octa, Darren was forced to seek the help of Mr. Crepsley, who agreed on the condition that Darren become his vampire assistant instead.", "List of Chibi Vampire characters __knowledge__ The \"Chibi Vampire\" manga series and its light novel adaptation feature a cast of characters created by Yuna Kagesaki.", "List of Chibi Vampire characters __knowledge__ The series takes place in a fictional Japan where vampires live amongst humans and are slowly dying out from lack of reproduction.", "List of Chibi Vampire characters __knowledge__ Among them is Karin Maaka, an unusual vampire who does not drink blood but instead must inject it into others because her body produces too much.", "List of Chibi Vampire characters __knowledge__ The middle child in a family of vampires, Karin lives like a normal human teenager, attending school and walking in the daylight with no harm to herself.", "List of Chibi Vampire characters __knowledge__ Her parents, Henry and Calera Maaka, along with her older brother Ren and younger sister Anju, worry about her unusual nature.", "Vampire literature __knowledge__ Vampire literature covers the spectrum of literary work concerned principally with the subject of vampires.", "Vampire literature __knowledge__ The literary vampire first appeared in 18th-century poetry, before becoming one of the stock figures of gothic fiction with the publication of Polidori's \"The Vampyre\" (1819), which was inspired by the life and legend of Lord Byron.", "Vampire literature __knowledge__ Later influential works include the penny dreadful \"Varney the Vampire\" (1847); Sheridan Le Fanu's tale of a lesbian vampire, \"Carmilla\" (1872) and the masterpiece of the genre: Bram Stoker's \"Dracula\" (1897).", "Vampire literature __knowledge__ Some authors created a more \"sympathetic vampire\", with \"Varney\" being the first example, and in 1986 by Anne Rice in \"Interview with the Vampire\".", "List of Vampire Knight characters __knowledge__ The \"Vampire Knight\" manga series and its anime adaptation features a cast of characters created by Matsuri Hino.", "List of Vampire Knight characters __knowledge__ The series takes place at the Cross Academy, where the daughter of the headmaster, Yuki Cross, faces many different types of challenges: from a love triangle between a vampire student named Kaname Kuran and her childhood friend named Zero Kiryu; to many threats on her life and the lives of the people she is trying to protect.", "List of Vampire Knight characters __knowledge__ While initially developing the characters, Hino reported that though Kaname was created earlier, at every step in the characters creations, she found it difficult to maintain a balance between Kaname and Zero as she struggled with fears of the former overshadowing the latter.", "List of The Originals characters __knowledge__ \"The Originals\" is an American fantasy-drama television series picked up by The CW for their fall 2013 schedule, after a backdoor pilot for the series aired as an episode of The CW television series \"The Vampire Diaries\" in April 2013.", "List of The Originals characters __knowledge__ It is a spin-off of \"The Vampire Diaries\", sharing a universe with its predecessor.", "List of The Originals characters __knowledge__ It centers on three Mikaelson siblings, Klaus (Joseph Morgan), Elijah (Daniel Gillies), and Rebekah (Claire Holt), collectively known as \"original vampires\", or simply the \"originals\".", "List of The Originals characters __knowledge__ \"The Originals\" is set in the city of New Orleans.", "List of The Originals characters __knowledge__ It was created by Julie Plec.", "List of The Originals characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of series regulars who have appeared in one or more of the series' four seasons.", "Ubir __knowledge__ Ubir (Chuvash: \"Вупăр (Vupăr)\" or \"Вупкăн (Vupkăn)\", Tatar: \"Убыр\", Turkish: \"Ubır\") is a mythological or folkloric being in Turkic mythology who subsist by feeding on the life essence (generally in the form of blood) of living creatures, regardless of whether it is undead person or being.", "Ubir __knowledge__ Ubirs were usually reported as bloated in appearance, and ruddy, dark in colour; these characteristics were often attributed to the recent drinking of blood.", "Ubir __knowledge__ The causes of vampiric generation were many and varied in original folklore.", "Ubir __knowledge__ In Turkic and Slavic traditions, any corpse that was jumped over by an animal, particularly a dog or a cat, was feared to become one of the undead.", "List of The Vampire Diaries characters __knowledge__ \"The Vampire Diaries\" is an American fantasy-drama television series which was first broadcast on The CW from 2009 to 2017, airing 171 episodes over 8 seasons.", "List of The Vampire Diaries characters __knowledge__ Kevin Williamson and Julie Plec adapted the TV series from L.J.", "List of The Vampire Diaries characters __knowledge__ Smith's novel series of the same name.", "List of The Vampire Diaries characters __knowledge__ Some of the characters appeared in the spin-off series, \"The Originals\".", "List of The Vampire Diaries characters __knowledge__ The series is set in the fictional town of Mystic Falls, Virginia.", "List of The Vampire Diaries characters __knowledge__ The focal points of the show are a love triangle – involving Elena Gilbert and vampire brothers Stefan and Damon Salvatore – and the town's supernatural history, involving Elena's friends and relatives.", "The Shadow in the Glass __knowledge__ The Shadow in the Glass is a BBC Books original novel written by Stephen Cole and Justin Richards and based on the long-running British science fiction television series \"Doctor Who\".", "The Shadow in the Glass __knowledge__ It features the Sixth Doctor and Brigadier Lethbridge-Stewart, investigating the apparent resurrection of Adolf Hitler.", "The Shadow in the Glass __knowledge__ The book was a late replacement in the schedule, a result of Gary Russell's \"Instruments of Darkness\" being late in its delivery.", "The Shadow in the Glass __knowledge__ \"The Shadow in the Glass\" was written so as to fit the title \"Instruments of Darkness\", although in the end the title was retained for Russell's book, which was published later in the Past Doctor Adventures series.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Vampire __knowledge__ A vampire is a being from folklore that subsists by feeding on the life essence (generally in the form of blood) of the living.", "Vampire __knowledge__ In European folklore, vampires were undead beings that often visited loved ones and caused mischief or deaths in the neighbourhoods they inhabited when they were alive.", "Vampire __knowledge__ They wore shrouds and were often described as bloated and of ruddy or dark countenance, markedly different from today's gaunt, pale vampire which dates from the early 19th century.", "Vampire __knowledge__ Vampiric entities have been recorded in most cultures; the term \"vampire\", previously an arcane subject, was popularised in the West in the early 19th century, after an influx of vampire superstition into Western Europe from areas where vampire legends were frequent, such as the Balkans and Eastern Europe; local variants were also known by different names, such as \"shtriga\" in Albania, \"vrykolakas\" in Greece and \"strigoi\" in Romania.", "Vampire __knowledge__ This increased level of vampire superstition in Europe led to mass hysteria and in some cases resulted in corpses being staked and people being accused of vampirism.", "Vampire __knowledge__ In modern times, the vampire is generally held to be a fictitious entity, although belief in similar vampiric creatures such as the \"chupacabra\" still persists in some cultures.", "Electroconvulsive therapy __knowledge__ Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), formerly known as electroshock therapy, and often referred to as shock treatment, is a psychiatric treatment in which seizures are electrically induced in patients to provide relief from mental disorders.", "Electroconvulsive therapy __knowledge__ The ECT procedure was first conducted in 1938 and is the only currently used form of shock therapy in psychiatry.", "Electroconvulsive therapy __knowledge__ ECT is often used with informed consent as a last line of intervention for major depressive disorder, mania, and catatonia.", "Electroconvulsive therapy __knowledge__ ECT machines have been placed in the Class III category (high risk) by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) since 1976.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "History of electroconvulsive therapy in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT, in the past sometimes called electric convulsion therapy, convulsion treatment or electroplexy) is a controversial psychiatric treatment in which seizures are induced with electricity.", "History of electroconvulsive therapy in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ ECT was first used in the United Kingdom in 1939 and, although its use has been declining for several decades, it was still given to about 11,000 people a year in the early 2000s.", "History of electroconvulsive therapy in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ In contemporary psychiatric practice, ECT is used mainly in the treatment of depression.", "History of electroconvulsive therapy in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ It is occasionally used in the treatment of other disorders such as schizophrenia.", "History of electroconvulsive therapy in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ When undergoing modern ECT, a patient is given an anaesthetic and a muscle relaxant.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "List of Twilight characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters in the \"Twilight\" novel series by Stephenie Meyer, comprising the books; \"Twilight\", \"New Moon\", \"Eclipse\" and \"Breaking Dawn\", as well as \"The Twilight Saga\" film series adaptations.", "List of Twilight characters __knowledge__ Isabella Marie \"Bella\" Swan (later Bella Cullen) is the fictional protagonist of the \"Twilight\" series, written by Stephenie Meyer.", "List of Twilight characters __knowledge__ The \"Twilight\" series is primarily narrated from Bella's point of view.", "List of Twilight characters __knowledge__ In \"Twilight\", Bella moves to her father's home in Forks, Washington, meets the mysterious Cullen family, and falls in love with Edward Cullen.", "List of Twilight characters __knowledge__ However, she soon discovers that the family is a coven of vampires.", "David J. Impastato __knowledge__ David John Impastato, M.D.", "David J. Impastato __knowledge__ – born January 8, 1903 (Mazara del Vallo, Sicily), died February 28, 1986 (Pasadena, California) – was a neuropsychiatrist who pioneered the use of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in the United States.", "David J. Impastato __knowledge__ A treatment for mental illness initially called \"electroshock,\" ECT was developed in 1937 by Drs Ugo Cerletti and Lucio Bini, working in Rome.", "David J. Impastato __knowledge__ Impastato has been credited with the earliest documented use of the revolutionary method in North America, administered in early 1940 to a schizophrenic female in New York City.", "David J. Impastato __knowledge__ Soon after, he and colleague Dr. Renato Almansi completed the first case study of ECT to appear in a U.S. publication.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters in Laurell K. Hamilton's \"\" series of novels.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The title character, Anita Blake starts as a human with the power of necromancy.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She joins the organization Animators, Inc. as an animator: a person who raises zombies) and a vampire executioner.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ In later volumes, she acquires some powers that are commonly associated with vampires.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She contracts the lycanthropy viruses which makes her associate with were-creatures.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She also grows powers as a succubus.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ Bert is the founder and managing partner of Animators, Inc. Over 6 feet tall and built like a former athlete, Bert is an unscrupulous boss who is inclined to sign the animators up for almost any job if the price is right.", "List of Being Human (North American TV series) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters in the American remake version of the supernatural drama-comedy television series \"Being Human\" based on the British hit series of the same name.", "List of Being Human (North American TV series) characters __knowledge__ The series stars Sam Witwer, Sam Huntington, and Meaghan Rath as three twenty-something characters sharing a house in Boston, trying to live a normal social life, despite being a vampire, a werewolf, and a ghost respectively.", "List of Being Human (North American TV series) characters __knowledge__ Aidan Waite (Sam Witwer) is the American counterpart of Mitchell from the original British series, named after the actor who played Mitchell in the original series.", "List of Being Human (North American TV series) characters __knowledge__ He is a quiet, calm, soft-spoken, and somewhat jaded vampire who is 257 years old, having been sired by Bishop during the American Revolution.", "List of The Saga of Darren Shan characters __knowledge__ Darren Shan is the main character of his diary, which is expressed from his point of view.", "List of The Saga of Darren Shan characters __knowledge__ As explained in the last book, \"Sons of Destiny\", the diary was supposedly transferred from Mr.", "List of The Saga of Darren Shan characters __knowledge__ Tall to the author.", "List of The Saga of Darren Shan characters __knowledge__ Darren became enamoured with Larten Crepsley's spider Madam Octa when he went to the Cirque du Freak, where he also learned vampires were real, Mr. Crepsley was one, and his best friend Steve Leonard wanted to become one.", "List of The Saga of Darren Shan characters __knowledge__ However, when Steve was bitten by Madam Octa, Darren was forced to seek the help of Mr. Crepsley, who agreed on the condition that Darren become his vampire assistant instead.", "List of The Vampire Diaries characters __knowledge__ \"The Vampire Diaries\" is an American fantasy-drama television series which was first broadcast on The CW from 2009 to 2017, airing 171 episodes over 8 seasons.", "List of The Vampire Diaries characters __knowledge__ Kevin Williamson and Julie Plec adapted the TV series from L.J.", "List of The Vampire Diaries characters __knowledge__ Smith's novel series of the same name.", "List of The Vampire Diaries characters __knowledge__ Some of the characters appeared in the spin-off series, \"The Originals\".", "List of The Vampire Diaries characters __knowledge__ The series is set in the fictional town of Mystic Falls, Virginia.", "List of The Vampire Diaries characters __knowledge__ The focal points of the show are a love triangle – involving Elena Gilbert and vampire brothers Stefan and Damon Salvatore – and the town's supernatural history, involving Elena's friends and relatives.", "List of The Originals characters __knowledge__ \"The Originals\" is an American fantasy-drama television series picked up by The CW for their fall 2013 schedule, after a backdoor pilot for the series aired as an episode of The CW television series \"The Vampire Diaries\" in April 2013.", "List of The Originals characters __knowledge__ It is a spin-off of \"The Vampire Diaries\", sharing a universe with its predecessor.", "List of The Originals characters __knowledge__ It centers on three Mikaelson siblings, Klaus (Joseph Morgan), Elijah (Daniel Gillies), and Rebekah (Claire Holt), collectively known as \"original vampires\", or simply the \"originals\".", "List of The Originals characters __knowledge__ \"The Originals\" is set in the city of New Orleans.", "List of The Originals characters __knowledge__ It was created by Julie Plec.", "List of The Originals characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of series regulars who have appeared in one or more of the series' four seasons." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Vampire __knowledge__ A vampire is a being from folklore that subsists by feeding on the life essence (generally in the form of blood) of the living.", "Vampire __knowledge__ In European folklore, vampires were undead beings that often visited loved ones and caused mischief or deaths in the neighbourhoods they inhabited when they were alive.", "Vampire __knowledge__ They wore shrouds and were often described as bloated and of ruddy or dark countenance, markedly different from today's gaunt, pale vampire which dates from the early 19th century.", "Vampire __knowledge__ Vampiric entities have been recorded in most cultures; the term \"vampire\", previously an arcane subject, was popularised in the West in the early 19th century, after an influx of vampire superstition into Western Europe from areas where vampire legends were frequent, such as the Balkans and Eastern Europe; local variants were also known by different names, such as \"shtriga\" in Albania, \"vrykolakas\" in Greece and \"strigoi\" in Romania.", "Vampire __knowledge__ This increased level of vampire superstition in Europe led to mass hysteria and in some cases resulted in corpses being staked and people being accused of vampirism.", "Vampire __knowledge__ In modern times, the vampire is generally held to be a fictitious entity, although belief in similar vampiric creatures such as the \"chupacabra\" still persists in some cultures.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "List of Twilight characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters in the \"Twilight\" novel series by Stephenie Meyer, comprising the books; \"Twilight\", \"New Moon\", \"Eclipse\" and \"Breaking Dawn\", as well as \"The Twilight Saga\" film series adaptations.", "List of Twilight characters __knowledge__ Isabella Marie \"Bella\" Swan (later Bella Cullen) is the fictional protagonist of the \"Twilight\" series, written by Stephenie Meyer.", "List of Twilight characters __knowledge__ The \"Twilight\" series is primarily narrated from Bella's point of view.", "List of Twilight characters __knowledge__ In \"Twilight\", Bella moves to her father's home in Forks, Washington, meets the mysterious Cullen family, and falls in love with Edward Cullen.", "List of Twilight characters __knowledge__ However, she soon discovers that the family is a coven of vampires.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "List of minor Buffy the Vampire Slayer characters __knowledge__ Buffy the Vampire Slayer is an American franchise which spans several media and genres.", "List of minor Buffy the Vampire Slayer characters __knowledge__ It began in 1992 with the film \"Buffy the Vampire Slayer\", written by Joss Whedon and directed by Fran Rubel Kuzui, and was resurrected as the television series, \"Buffy the Vampire Slayer\" in 1997.", "List of minor Buffy the Vampire Slayer characters __knowledge__ The show's popularity caused it to spawn a multitude of Expanded Universe tie-in material such as comic books, novels, and video games, as well as a spin-off program entitled \"Angel\".", "List of minor Buffy the Vampire Slayer characters __knowledge__ In 2007, four years after the television series' seventh and final season, \"Buffy the Vampire Slayer\" was officially continued in the comic book \"Season Eight\".", "List of The Southern Vampire Mysteries characters __knowledge__ This is a listing of significant characters in Charlaine Harris's \"The Southern Vampire Mysteries\" / Sookie Stackhouse novels only.", "List of The Southern Vampire Mysteries characters __knowledge__ HBO created a television series called \"True Blood\" based on the novels.", "List of The Southern Vampire Mysteries characters __knowledge__ Sookie is the main character of \"The Southern Vampire Mysteries\", and resides in the fictional town of Bon Temps, in rural, northern Louisiana.", "List of The Southern Vampire Mysteries characters __knowledge__ In the first novel, \"Dead Until Dark\", she describes herself as being 25 years old, with blond hair and blue eyes.", "List of The Southern Vampire Mysteries characters __knowledge__ She also states: “my legs are strong and my bosom is substantial, and I have a waspy waistline”.", "List of The Southern Vampire Mysteries characters __knowledge__ She is written to wear a ladies size 8-10, most of the time a 10.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters in Laurell K. Hamilton's \"\" series of novels.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The title character, Anita Blake starts as a human with the power of necromancy.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She joins the organization Animators, Inc. as an animator: a person who raises zombies) and a vampire executioner.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ In later volumes, she acquires some powers that are commonly associated with vampires.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She contracts the lycanthropy viruses which makes her associate with were-creatures.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She also grows powers as a succubus.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ Bert is the founder and managing partner of Animators, Inc. Over 6 feet tall and built like a former athlete, Bert is an unscrupulous boss who is inclined to sign the animators up for almost any job if the price is right.", "Original Vampires (The Vampire Diaries) __knowledge__ The Original vampires, in the universe of \"The Vampire Diaries\" and \"The Originals\", are a family of vampires from which all current vampires descend, as well as being the most powerful and indestructible of their kind.", "Original Vampires (The Vampire Diaries) __knowledge__ Hayley Marshall, (born Andrea Lebonair) Is the mother of Niklaus' daughter, Hope.", "Original Vampires (The Vampire Diaries) __knowledge__ In Autumn 1001 AD, after the death of her youngest son Henrik at the hands of werewolves, the powerful witch Esther performed an occult blood ritual in order to protect her five remaining children—(Finn, Elijah, Niklaus, Kol, and Rebekah)—and her husband, Mikael.", "Original Vampires (The Vampire Diaries) __knowledge__ The ritual transformed her family into the first vampires.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "HyTest Ltd __knowledge__ HyTest Ltd is a producer of monoclonal antibodies and antigens for the diagnostic industry and research communities all around the world.", "HyTest Ltd __knowledge__ HyTest is based in Turku, Finland.", "HyTest Ltd __knowledge__ The company was established in 1994 and has become the global market leader in supplying certain reagents.", "HyTest Ltd __knowledge__ HyTest is known for its investments in research and development.", "HyTest Ltd __knowledge__ HyTest supplies for example Troponin I antibodies and HyTest's Troponin complex has been chosen by AACC cTnI Standardization Subcommittee for international reference material which is available from NIST.", "HyTest Ltd __knowledge__ Some of HyTest's key products: HyTest has a certified ISO 9001:2015 quality system", "List of Deltora Quest characters __knowledge__ The \"Deltora\" series features a wide line of characters, both important and minor.", "List of Deltora Quest characters __knowledge__ The series also features many different monsters and creatures that appeared in all of the many different books.", "List of Deltora Quest characters __knowledge__ This article is a list of the many different characters and creatures that have appeared in the Deltora series.", "List of Deltora Quest characters __knowledge__ Lief was raised as a blacksmith's son in the run-down city of Del after the invasion.", "List of Deltora Quest characters __knowledge__ Hot-headed and impatient at the start of the series, all he wanted to do was go out and explore the city.", "List of Deltora Quest characters __knowledge__ On the night of his sixteenth birthday, he leaves on his father's quest to restore the Belt of Deltora, the only thing that can save their land and the heir from the tyranny of the Shadow Lord.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "Vampire folklore by region __knowledge__ Legends of vampires have existed for millennia; cultures such as the Mesopotamians, Hebrews, ancient Greeks, and Romans had tales of demonic entities and blood-drinking spirits which are considered precursors to modern vampires.", "Vampire folklore by region __knowledge__ Despite the occurrence of vampire-like creatures in these ancient civilizations, the folklore for the entity we know today as the vampire originates almost exclusively from early 18th-century Southeastern Europe, particularly Transylvania as verbal traditions of many ethnic groups of the region were recorded and published.", "Vampire folklore by region __knowledge__ In most cases, vampires are revenants of evil beings, suicide victims, or witches, but can also be created by a malevolent spirit possessing a corpse or by being bitten by a vampire itself.", "School uniforms by country __knowledge__ School uniform or school uniforms is a practice which dates to the 16th century in the United Kingdom.", "School uniforms by country __knowledge__ It is believed that the Christ Hospital School in London in 1552 was the first school to use a school uniform.", "School uniforms by country __knowledge__ The earliest documented proof of institutionalised use of a standard academic dress dates back to 1222 when the then Archbishop of Canterbury ordered the wearing of the cappa clausa about 800 years ago.", "School uniforms by country __knowledge__ The practice of having school uniform has been adopted by other countries, and is now common in many parts of the world.", "School uniforms by country __knowledge__ Uniforms can be regarded as promoting social equality among students and school-pride, but the practice has also been criticised for promoting a form of uniformity characteristic of militarism." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Vampire __knowledge__ A vampire is a being from folklore that subsists by feeding on the life essence (generally in the form of blood) of the living.", "Vampire __knowledge__ In European folklore, vampires were undead beings that often visited loved ones and caused mischief or deaths in the neighbourhoods they inhabited when they were alive.", "Vampire __knowledge__ They wore shrouds and were often described as bloated and of ruddy or dark countenance, markedly different from today's gaunt, pale vampire which dates from the early 19th century.", "Vampire __knowledge__ Vampiric entities have been recorded in most cultures; the term \"vampire\", previously an arcane subject, was popularised in the West in the early 19th century, after an influx of vampire superstition into Western Europe from areas where vampire legends were frequent, such as the Balkans and Eastern Europe; local variants were also known by different names, such as \"shtriga\" in Albania, \"vrykolakas\" in Greece and \"strigoi\" in Romania.", "Vampire __knowledge__ This increased level of vampire superstition in Europe led to mass hysteria and in some cases resulted in corpses being staked and people being accused of vampirism.", "Vampire __knowledge__ In modern times, the vampire is generally held to be a fictitious entity, although belief in similar vampiric creatures such as the \"chupacabra\" still persists in some cultures.", "List of The Originals characters __knowledge__ \"The Originals\" is an American fantasy-drama television series picked up by The CW for their fall 2013 schedule, after a backdoor pilot for the series aired as an episode of The CW television series \"The Vampire Diaries\" in April 2013.", "List of The Originals characters __knowledge__ It is a spin-off of \"The Vampire Diaries\", sharing a universe with its predecessor.", "List of The Originals characters __knowledge__ It centers on three Mikaelson siblings, Klaus (Joseph Morgan), Elijah (Daniel Gillies), and Rebekah (Claire Holt), collectively known as \"original vampires\", or simply the \"originals\".", "List of The Originals characters __knowledge__ \"The Originals\" is set in the city of New Orleans.", "List of The Originals characters __knowledge__ It was created by Julie Plec.", "List of The Originals characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of series regulars who have appeared in one or more of the series' four seasons.", "List of The Vampire Diaries characters __knowledge__ \"The Vampire Diaries\" is an American fantasy-drama television series which was first broadcast on The CW from 2009 to 2017, airing 171 episodes over 8 seasons.", "List of The Vampire Diaries characters __knowledge__ Kevin Williamson and Julie Plec adapted the TV series from L.J.", "List of The Vampire Diaries characters __knowledge__ Smith's novel series of the same name.", "List of The Vampire Diaries characters __knowledge__ Some of the characters appeared in the spin-off series, \"The Originals\".", "List of The Vampire Diaries characters __knowledge__ The series is set in the fictional town of Mystic Falls, Virginia.", "List of The Vampire Diaries characters __knowledge__ The focal points of the show are a love triangle – involving Elena Gilbert and vampire brothers Stefan and Damon Salvatore – and the town's supernatural history, involving Elena's friends and relatives.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "List of The Saga of Darren Shan characters __knowledge__ Darren Shan is the main character of his diary, which is expressed from his point of view.", "List of The Saga of Darren Shan characters __knowledge__ As explained in the last book, \"Sons of Destiny\", the diary was supposedly transferred from Mr.", "List of The Saga of Darren Shan characters __knowledge__ Tall to the author.", "List of The Saga of Darren Shan characters __knowledge__ Darren became enamoured with Larten Crepsley's spider Madam Octa when he went to the Cirque du Freak, where he also learned vampires were real, Mr. Crepsley was one, and his best friend Steve Leonard wanted to become one.", "List of The Saga of Darren Shan characters __knowledge__ However, when Steve was bitten by Madam Octa, Darren was forced to seek the help of Mr. Crepsley, who agreed on the condition that Darren become his vampire assistant instead.", "List of The Southern Vampire Mysteries characters __knowledge__ This is a listing of significant characters in Charlaine Harris's \"The Southern Vampire Mysteries\" / Sookie Stackhouse novels only.", "List of The Southern Vampire Mysteries characters __knowledge__ HBO created a television series called \"True Blood\" based on the novels.", "List of The Southern Vampire Mysteries characters __knowledge__ Sookie is the main character of \"The Southern Vampire Mysteries\", and resides in the fictional town of Bon Temps, in rural, northern Louisiana.", "List of The Southern Vampire Mysteries characters __knowledge__ In the first novel, \"Dead Until Dark\", she describes herself as being 25 years old, with blond hair and blue eyes.", "List of The Southern Vampire Mysteries characters __knowledge__ She also states: “my legs are strong and my bosom is substantial, and I have a waspy waistline”.", "List of The Southern Vampire Mysteries characters __knowledge__ She is written to wear a ladies size 8-10, most of the time a 10.", "List of My Babysitter's a Vampire characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the television series \"My Babysitter's a Vampire\", which is based on the movie.", "List of My Babysitter's a Vampire characters __knowledge__ Ethan Morgan (portrayed by Matthew Knight) is a geeky sci-fi-loving 15-year-old who discovers that his little sister's babysitter Sarah, is a vampire.", "List of My Babysitter's a Vampire characters __knowledge__ Awkward, sweet and well-meaning, Ethan just wants to have a normal high school experience.", "List of My Babysitter's a Vampire characters __knowledge__ But the constant paranormal chaos of Whitechapel make that nearly impossible.", "List of My Babysitter's a Vampire characters __knowledge__ Ethan is a Seer.", "List of My Babysitter's a Vampire characters __knowledge__ Seers are able to see visions through touch.", "List of My Babysitter's a Vampire characters __knowledge__ His visions help him learn more about supernatural forces.", "List of My Babysitter's a Vampire characters __knowledge__ Ethan lacks social skills because of which he usually finds himself lost when it comes to navigating social waters.", "Mass hysteria __knowledge__ In sociology and psychology, mass hysteria (also known as collective hysteria, group hysteria, or collective obsessional behavior) is a phenomenon that transmits collective illusions of threats, whether real or imaginary, through a population in society as a result of rumors and fear (memory acknowledgement).", "Mass hysteria __knowledge__ In medicine, the term is used to describe the spontaneous manifestation (production of chemicals in the body) of the same or similar hysterical physical symptoms by more than one person.", "Mass hysteria __knowledge__ A common type of mass hysteria occurs when a group of people believe they are suffering from a similar disease or ailment, sometimes referred to as mass psychogenic illness or epidemic hysteria.", "Vampire folklore by region __knowledge__ Legends of vampires have existed for millennia; cultures such as the Mesopotamians, Hebrews, ancient Greeks, and Romans had tales of demonic entities and blood-drinking spirits which are considered precursors to modern vampires.", "Vampire folklore by region __knowledge__ Despite the occurrence of vampire-like creatures in these ancient civilizations, the folklore for the entity we know today as the vampire originates almost exclusively from early 18th-century Southeastern Europe, particularly Transylvania as verbal traditions of many ethnic groups of the region were recorded and published.", "Vampire folklore by region __knowledge__ In most cases, vampires are revenants of evil beings, suicide victims, or witches, but can also be created by a malevolent spirit possessing a corpse or by being bitten by a vampire itself.", "1983 West Bank fainting epidemic __knowledge__ The 1983 West Bank fainting epidemic occurred in late March and early April 1983.", "1983 West Bank fainting epidemic __knowledge__ Researchers point to mass hysteria as the most likely explanation.", "1983 West Bank fainting epidemic __knowledge__ Fainting and dizziness were complained of by large numbers of Palestinian teenage girls, mostly schoolgirls, and a smaller number of female Israeli soldiers in multiple West Bank towns, leading to 943 hospitalizations.", "1983 West Bank fainting epidemic __knowledge__ Before the cause was determined to be psychological in April 1983, the fainting spells led to accusations and counter-accusations between Israelis and Palestinians.", "1983 West Bank fainting epidemic __knowledge__ Israel even arrested some Palestinians during the outbreak, alleging that political agitation was behind the phenomenon.", "Mass Hysteria (band) __knowledge__ Mass Hysteria is a French heavy metal band formed in 1993 that released eight albums between 1997 and 2015.", "Mass Hysteria (band) __knowledge__ Their breakthrough came in 1999 with their second album \"Contraddiction\".", "Mass Hysteria (band) __knowledge__ Mass Hysteria is known for their eclecticism, combining industrial metal, alternative metal, rock and rap (2001–2005).", "Mass Hysteria (band) __knowledge__ The band sings primarily in French which has made them an exception throughout the metal sphere.", "Mass Hysteria (band) __knowledge__ Created in 1993, the band recorded their first album, \"Le Bien-être et la Paix\" (Well-being and Peace), four years later.", "Mass Hysteria (band) __knowledge__ After this album, Mass Hysteria's breakthrough album came in 1999 with the release of \"Contraddiction\" which sold over 50,000 copies.", "Kosovo student poisoning __knowledge__ The Kosovo student poisoning occurred on 22 March 1990 when thousands of young people, mostly students and babies in infant schools were poisoned by toxic gases.", "Kosovo student poisoning __knowledge__ At first as a result of a lack of information this incident was named the \"mysterious disease\".", "Kosovo student poisoning __knowledge__ Many had fainted, vomited or had violent convulsions.", "Kosovo student poisoning __knowledge__ Almost all had inflamed eyes and a distinct facial flushing.", "Kosovo student poisoning __knowledge__ The disease continued to strike the population for the rest of the year and 7,421 Albanian Kosovars were stricken with illness.", "Kosovo student poisoning __knowledge__ Since then many researches have been made by Albanian nuclear experts without excluding foreign ones and they have been persistently confronted with a failure to reveal a common conclusion.", "Mad Gasser of Mattoon __knowledge__ The Mad Gasser of Mattoon (also known as the \"Anesthetic Prowler,\" the \"Phantom Anesthetist,\" the \"Mad Gasser of Roanoke,\" or simply the \"Mad Gasser\") was the name given to the person or people believed to be responsible for a series of apparent gas attacks that occurred in Botetourt County, Virginia, during the early 1930s, and in Mattoon, Illinois, during the mid-1940s.", "Mad Gasser of Mattoon __knowledge__ In Mattoon, more than two dozen separate cases of gassings were reported to police over the span of two weeks, in addition to many more reported sightings of the suspected assailant.", "Mad Gasser of Mattoon __knowledge__ The gasser's supposed victims reported smelling strange odors in their homes which were soon followed by symptoms such as paralysis of the legs, coughing, nausea and vomiting." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 5, 4 ]

[ "Yes, they feed on life essence ( generally blood) of the living.", "I'm not sure, but vampires often visit loved ones and cause mischief and even death in the neighborhoods they lived in while alive.", "I think they just like to cause trouble and drink blood. They often wear shrouds and in the older days, they were dark and ruddy rather than pale.", "Well they kill people. There was actually a mass hysteria in Europe and there were people being accused of vampirism.", "They became well known in the West in the early 19th century." ]

[ "Vampire", "Vampire", "Vampire", "Vampire", "Vampire" ]

[ "Hummus\nI am wondering what Hummus is?", "oh that's nice, is it the only thing that's made from chickenpeas?", "Which country did the use of Hummus originate from?", "That's great what's the amount of calorie in Hummus?", "Thanks for enlightening me about Hummus" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hummus __knowledge__ Hummus (, , or ; , full Arabic name: hummus bi tahini ) is a Levantine dip or spread made from cooked, mashed chickpeas or other beans, blended with tahini, olive oil, lemon juice, salt and garlic.", "Hummus __knowledge__ It is popular in the Middle East and in Middle Eastern cuisine around the globe.", "Hummus __knowledge__ It can also be found in most grocery stores in North America and Europe.", "Hummus __knowledge__ \"Hummus\" comes from the Arabic word meaning \"chickpeas\", and the complete name of the prepared spread in Arabic is \"ḥummuṣ bi ṭaḥīna\" which means \"chickpeas with tahini\".", "Hummus __knowledge__ Spelling of the word in English can be inconsistent.", "Hummus __knowledge__ \"Hummus\" is the most common spelling in both American and British English.", "Hummus __knowledge__ The spelling \"houmous\" is however common enough in British English to be also listed as a less common spelling in some UK dictionaries but not, for example, in the Cambridge online dictionary.", "Hummus __knowledge__ Some US dictionaries also list other spellings such as \"humus\", \"hommus\", and \"hommos\", but not Merriam-Webster, for example.", "Hummus __knowledge__ The earliest known recipes for a dish similar to \"hummus bi tahina\" are recorded in cookbooks written in Cairo in the 13th century.", "Hummus __knowledge__ A cold purée of chickpeas with vinegar and pickled lemons with herbs, spices, and oil, but no tahini or garlic, appears in the \"Kanz al-Fawa'id fi Tanwi' al-Mawa'id\"; and a purée of chickpeas and tahini called \"hummus kasa\" appears in the \"Kitab Wasf al-Atima al-Mutada\": it is based on puréed chickpeas and tahini, and acidulated with vinegar (though not lemon), but it also contains many spices, herbs, and nuts, and no garlic.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Palestinian cuisine __knowledge__ Palestinian cuisine consists of foods from or commonly eaten by Palestinians—which includes those living in Palestine, Israel, Jordan, refugee camps in nearby countries as well as by the Palestinian diaspora.", "Palestinian cuisine __knowledge__ The cuisine is a diffusion of the cultures of civilizations that settled in the region of Palestine, particularly during and after the Islamic era beginning with the Arab Ummayad conquest, then the eventual Persian-influenced Abbasids and ending with the strong influences of Turkish cuisine, resulting from the coming of the Ottoman Turks.", "Palestinian cuisine __knowledge__ It is similar to other Levantine cuisines, including Lebanese, Syrian and Jordanian.", "Sabra (company) __knowledge__ Sabra Dipping Company, LLC is a U.S.-based company which produces Middle Eastern-style and other food products, including hummus, tzatziki dip, guacamole, and Mediterranean salsa.", "Sabra (company) __knowledge__ All Sabra products are certified kosher and vegetarian, and are available throughout the U.S. and Canada.", "Sabra (company) __knowledge__ As of 2016, the company held a 60% market share for hummus sales in the United States, and was forecast to exceed $1 billion in sales in 2017.", "Sabra (company) __knowledge__ The company was founded in 1986 as Sabra-Blue & White Foods.", "Sabra (company) __knowledge__ The company was bought in 2005 by Israeli food manufacturer Strauss.", "Sabra (company) __knowledge__ In March 2008, Strauss entered a joint-venture partnership with Frito-Lay, a division of the multinational PepsiCo corporation.", "Poultrygeist: Night of the Chicken Dead __knowledge__ Poultrygeist: Night of the Chicken Dead is a 2006 black comedy musical-horror film from Troma Entertainment, directed by Lloyd Kaufman and co-directed by former long-time Troma editor Gabriel Friedman from a screenplay by Friedman and Daniel Bova.", "Poultrygeist: Night of the Chicken Dead __knowledge__ \"Poultrygeist: Night of the Chicken Dead\" was released in 2006 in theaters and in 2008 on DVD.", "Poultrygeist: Night of the Chicken Dead __knowledge__ \"Poultrygeist\" follows a group of consumers and ordinary citizens who are trapped inside a New Jersey fried chicken fast food restaurant – the American Chicken Bunker – which is being attacked by a chicken-possessed zombie demonic alien spirit because the building is erected on top of a sacred Native American burial ground.", "Abu Hummus __knowledge__ Abu Hummus, also Abu Humus, Abu Hommos, Abu Homos, Abou Homs () is a town in Beheira Governorate, Egypt, an administrative center of \"markaz\" Abu Hummus.", "Abu Hummus __knowledge__ It is named after a sheikh who was born and buried here.", "Abu Hummus __knowledge__ Abu Hummus spans between the Cairo-Alexandria Agricultural Road and the El-Mahmoudeya Canal.", "Abu Hummus __knowledge__ Population of the \"markaz\" Abu Hummus was estimated 348,000 in 2007.", "Abu Hummus __knowledge__ The markaz if known as the place of the famous Nakhla meteorite.", "West Bank Story __knowledge__ West Bank Story is a comedy/musical short film, directed by Ari Sandel, co-written by Sandel and Kim Ray, produced by Pascal Vaguelsy, Amy Kim, Ashley Jordan, Ravi Malhotra, Bill Boland, and featuring choreography by Ramon Del Barrio.", "West Bank Story __knowledge__ The film is a parody of the classic musical film \"West Side Story\", which in turn is an adaptation of \"Romeo and Juliet\".", "West Bank Story __knowledge__ The film follows the romance between the relatives of the owners of rival falafel restaurants, one Israeli and the other Palestinian, respectively named the \"Kosher King\" and the \"Hummus Hut,\" in the West Bank.", "West Bank Story __knowledge__ The film stars Ben Newmark as the IDF soldier, Noureen DeWulf as the Palestinian cashier, A.J." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hummus __knowledge__ Hummus (, , or ; , full Arabic name: hummus bi tahini ) is a Levantine dip or spread made from cooked, mashed chickpeas or other beans, blended with tahini, olive oil, lemon juice, salt and garlic.", "Hummus __knowledge__ It is popular in the Middle East and in Middle Eastern cuisine around the globe.", "Hummus __knowledge__ It can also be found in most grocery stores in North America and Europe.", "Hummus __knowledge__ \"Hummus\" comes from the Arabic word meaning \"chickpeas\", and the complete name of the prepared spread in Arabic is \"ḥummuṣ bi ṭaḥīna\" which means \"chickpeas with tahini\".", "Hummus __knowledge__ Spelling of the word in English can be inconsistent.", "Hummus __knowledge__ \"Hummus\" is the most common spelling in both American and British English.", "Hummus __knowledge__ The spelling \"houmous\" is however common enough in British English to be also listed as a less common spelling in some UK dictionaries but not, for example, in the Cambridge online dictionary.", "Hummus __knowledge__ Some US dictionaries also list other spellings such as \"humus\", \"hommus\", and \"hommos\", but not Merriam-Webster, for example.", "Hummus __knowledge__ The earliest known recipes for a dish similar to \"hummus bi tahina\" are recorded in cookbooks written in Cairo in the 13th century.", "Hummus __knowledge__ A cold purée of chickpeas with vinegar and pickled lemons with herbs, spices, and oil, but no tahini or garlic, appears in the \"Kanz al-Fawa'id fi Tanwi' al-Mawa'id\"; and a purée of chickpeas and tahini called \"hummus kasa\" appears in the \"Kitab Wasf al-Atima al-Mutada\": it is based on puréed chickpeas and tahini, and acidulated with vinegar (though not lemon), but it also contains many spices, herbs, and nuts, and no garlic.", "North Shore Knights __knowledge__ The North Shore Knights are a minor professional ice hockey team in the Federal Hockey League based out of Kingsville, Ontario.", "North Shore Knights __knowledge__ The Knights play the majority of their home games at the Kingsville Arena Complex during their first season.", "North Shore Knights __knowledge__ The team will also play home games in several other cities in Ontario and Quebec.", "North Shore Knights __knowledge__ In 2016, St. Clair Shores, Michigan were granted an FHL expansion team for the 2016–17 season.", "North Shore Knights __knowledge__ The team went on to play in neutral site games in Battle Creek, Michigan, and Kingsville, Ontario, due to poor attendance in St. Clair Shores.", "North Shore Knights __knowledge__ When the schedule was released for the 2017–18 season, the Fighting Saints were listed with home games in Gravenhurst, Ontario, Témiscaming, Quebec, South River, Ontario, and Kingsville, Ontario.", "St. Clair Shores Fighting Saints __knowledge__ The St. Clair Shores Fighting Saints were a minor professional ice hockey team in the Federal Hockey League that began play in the 2016–17 season based in St. Clair Shores, Michigan.", "St. Clair Shores Fighting Saints __knowledge__ The Fighting Saints played their home games at the St. Clair Shores Civic Arena during their first season.", "St. Clair Shores Fighting Saints __knowledge__ In their second season, they relocated to Kingsville, Ontario, as the North Shore Knights and played home games in several other cities in Ontario and Quebec.", "St. Clair Shores Fighting Saints __knowledge__ On April 20, 2016, it was announced that St. Clair Shores had landed an FHL team to begin play for the 2016–17 season at the Civic Arena.", "St. Clair Shores Fighting Saints __knowledge__ On May 10, it was announced that Brandon Contratto would be the general manager, Michael Kolarik of Global Hockey Management would run the team, and St. Clair Shores native and former Hartford Whalers player Dave Debol would serve as head coach.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters in the comic book series The Boys, created by Garth Ennis and Darick Robertson.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ The Boys are a CIA black ops team, initially created by Col. Greg Mallory to manage, police, and sometimes liquidate Vought-American's superhumans.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ While this is in part to help protect normal humans from the actions of the largely out of control \"supes,\" this is also to ensure that the company lack the stability or the platform to push the use of superhumans in national defense.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ Over time, however, the team's focus was changed, due to Butcher's increased influence, from one of management and containment to one of direct confrontation.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Pet Sounds is the eleventh studio album by American rock band the Beach Boys, released on May 16, 1966.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ It initially met with a lukewarm critical and commercial response in the United States, peaking at number 10 in the \"Billboard\" 200, a significantly lower placement than the band's preceding albums.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the album was hailed by its music press and was an immediate commercial success, peaking at number 2 in the UK Top 40 Albums Chart and remaining among the top ten positions for six months.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Originally promoted as \"the most progressive pop album ever\", \"Pet Sounds\" attracted recognition for its ambitious recording and unusually sophisticated music, and is widely considered to be one of the most influential albums in music history.", "The Trap Door __knowledge__ The Trap Door is a British animated television series, originally shown in the United Kingdom in 1984.", "The Trap Door __knowledge__ The plot revolves around the daily lives and the misadventures of a group of monsters living in a castle.", "The Trap Door __knowledge__ Although the emphasis was on humour and the show was marketed as a children's programme, it drew much from horror and dark fantasy.", "The Trap Door __knowledge__ The show has since become a cult favourite and remains one of the most widely recognised family entertainment shows of the 1980s.", "The Trap Door __knowledge__ Digital children's channel Pop started rerunning the show in 2010.", "The Trap Door __knowledge__ Both seasons are currently available on iTunes and Amazon Prime Video.", "Oh Father __knowledge__ \"Oh Father\" is a song by American singer Madonna from her fourth studio album \"Like a Prayer\" (1989).", "Oh Father __knowledge__ It was released as the fourth single from the album on October 24, 1989 by Sire Records.", "Oh Father __knowledge__ The song was not released as a single in most European territories until December 24, 1995, when it appeared on the 1995 ballads compilation \"Something to Remember\".", "Oh Father __knowledge__ Written and produced by Madonna and Patrick Leonard, the nexus of \"Oh Father\" was the presence of male authoritative figures in Madonna's life, most prominently her father, Tony Ciccone.", "Oh Father __knowledge__ Madonna's relationship with her father had soured, after her mother's death in 1963 and his remarriage two years later.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Chickpea __knowledge__ The chickpea or chick pea (') is a legume of the family Fabaceae, subfamily Faboideae.", "Chickpea __knowledge__ Its different types are variously known as gram, or Bengal gram, garbanzo or garbanzo bean, as well as the Egyptian pea.", "Chickpea __knowledge__ Its seeds are high in protein.", "Chickpea __knowledge__ It is one of the earliest cultivated legumes: 7,500-year-old remains have been found in the Middle East.", "Chickpea __knowledge__ The name \"chickpea\" traces back through the French ' to ', Latin for 'chickpea' (from which the Roman cognomen Cicero was taken).", "Chickpea __knowledge__ The \"Oxford English Dictionary\" lists a 1548 citation that reads, \"\"Cicer\" may be named in English Cich, or ciche pease, after the Frenche tongue.\"", "Palestinian cuisine __knowledge__ Palestinian cuisine consists of foods from or commonly eaten by Palestinians—which includes those living in Palestine, Israel, Jordan, refugee camps in nearby countries as well as by the Palestinian diaspora.", "Palestinian cuisine __knowledge__ The cuisine is a diffusion of the cultures of civilizations that settled in the region of Palestine, particularly during and after the Islamic era beginning with the Arab Ummayad conquest, then the eventual Persian-influenced Abbasids and ending with the strong influences of Turkish cuisine, resulting from the coming of the Ottoman Turks.", "Palestinian cuisine __knowledge__ It is similar to other Levantine cuisines, including Lebanese, Syrian and Jordanian.", "Tahini __knowledge__ Tahini (also tahina ; ), also known as Ardeh (Persian: ارده), is a condiment made from toasted ground hulled sesame seeds.", "Tahini __knowledge__ Tahini is served as a dip on its own or as a major component of hummus, baba ghanoush, and halva.", "Tahini __knowledge__ Tahini is used in the cuisines of the eastern Mediterranean region, from the Balkans, South Caucasus and Middle East to Northern Africa.", "Tahini __knowledge__ It is also widely used in Chinese and South East Asian cuisine, notably Vietnamese cuisine.", "Tahini __knowledge__ Tahini is a loanword from , or more accurately ' , is derived from the root ' which as a verb \" means \"to grind\", the same root as , \"flour\" in some dialects.", "Sabra (company) __knowledge__ Sabra Dipping Company, LLC is a U.S.-based company which produces Middle Eastern-style and other food products, including hummus, tzatziki dip, guacamole, and Mediterranean salsa.", "Sabra (company) __knowledge__ All Sabra products are certified kosher and vegetarian, and are available throughout the U.S. and Canada.", "Sabra (company) __knowledge__ As of 2016, the company held a 60% market share for hummus sales in the United States, and was forecast to exceed $1 billion in sales in 2017.", "Sabra (company) __knowledge__ The company was founded in 1986 as Sabra-Blue & White Foods.", "Sabra (company) __knowledge__ The company was bought in 2005 by Israeli food manufacturer Strauss.", "Sabra (company) __knowledge__ In March 2008, Strauss entered a joint-venture partnership with Frito-Lay, a division of the multinational PepsiCo corporation.", "Arab cuisine __knowledge__ Arab cuisine () is the cuisine of the Arabs, defined as the various regional cuisines spanning the Arab world, from the Maghreb to the Fertile Crescent and the Arabian Peninsula.", "Arab cuisine __knowledge__ The cuisines are often centuries old and reflect the culture of great trading in spices, herbs, and foods.", "Arab cuisine __knowledge__ The three main regions, also known as the Maghreb, the Fertile Crescent, and the Arabian Peninsula have many similarities, but also many unique traditions.", "Arab cuisine __knowledge__ These kitchens have been influenced by the climate, cultivating possibilities, as well as trading possibilities.", "Arab cuisine __knowledge__ The kitchens of the Maghreb and Levant are relatively young kitchens that were developed over the past centuries." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hummus __knowledge__ Hummus (, , or ; , full Arabic name: hummus bi tahini ) is a Levantine dip or spread made from cooked, mashed chickpeas or other beans, blended with tahini, olive oil, lemon juice, salt and garlic.", "Hummus __knowledge__ It is popular in the Middle East and in Middle Eastern cuisine around the globe.", "Hummus __knowledge__ It can also be found in most grocery stores in North America and Europe.", "Hummus __knowledge__ \"Hummus\" comes from the Arabic word meaning \"chickpeas\", and the complete name of the prepared spread in Arabic is \"ḥummuṣ bi ṭaḥīna\" which means \"chickpeas with tahini\".", "Hummus __knowledge__ Spelling of the word in English can be inconsistent.", "Hummus __knowledge__ \"Hummus\" is the most common spelling in both American and British English.", "Hummus __knowledge__ The spelling \"houmous\" is however common enough in British English to be also listed as a less common spelling in some UK dictionaries but not, for example, in the Cambridge online dictionary.", "Hummus __knowledge__ Some US dictionaries also list other spellings such as \"humus\", \"hommus\", and \"hommos\", but not Merriam-Webster, for example.", "Hummus __knowledge__ The earliest known recipes for a dish similar to \"hummus bi tahina\" are recorded in cookbooks written in Cairo in the 13th century.", "Hummus __knowledge__ A cold purée of chickpeas with vinegar and pickled lemons with herbs, spices, and oil, but no tahini or garlic, appears in the \"Kanz al-Fawa'id fi Tanwi' al-Mawa'id\"; and a purée of chickpeas and tahini called \"hummus kasa\" appears in the \"Kitab Wasf al-Atima al-Mutada\": it is based on puréed chickpeas and tahini, and acidulated with vinegar (though not lemon), but it also contains many spices, herbs, and nuts, and no garlic.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Boulevard Recreation Ground electric railway station __knowledge__ Boulevard Recreation Ground electric railway station was the third of five calling points on the eastern, \"street\" section of the inter-urban Grimsby and Immingham Electric Railway when travelling from Corporation Bridge, Grimsby to Immingham Dock.", "Boulevard Recreation Ground electric railway station __knowledge__ The halt was called \"Boulevard Recreation Ground\" on timetables, but was shown as \"Beeson Street\" on tickets.", "Boulevard Recreation Ground electric railway station __knowledge__ The adjacent passing loop was also known as \"Beeson Street\" The electric railway was built primarily to carry workers between Grimsby and Immingham Dock which the Great Central Railway had built on a greenfield site in a sparsely populated area.", "Palestinian cuisine __knowledge__ Palestinian cuisine consists of foods from or commonly eaten by Palestinians—which includes those living in Palestine, Israel, Jordan, refugee camps in nearby countries as well as by the Palestinian diaspora.", "Palestinian cuisine __knowledge__ The cuisine is a diffusion of the cultures of civilizations that settled in the region of Palestine, particularly during and after the Islamic era beginning with the Arab Ummayad conquest, then the eventual Persian-influenced Abbasids and ending with the strong influences of Turkish cuisine, resulting from the coming of the Ottoman Turks.", "Palestinian cuisine __knowledge__ It is similar to other Levantine cuisines, including Lebanese, Syrian and Jordanian.", "Sabra (company) __knowledge__ Sabra Dipping Company, LLC is a U.S.-based company which produces Middle Eastern-style and other food products, including hummus, tzatziki dip, guacamole, and Mediterranean salsa.", "Sabra (company) __knowledge__ All Sabra products are certified kosher and vegetarian, and are available throughout the U.S. and Canada.", "Sabra (company) __knowledge__ As of 2016, the company held a 60% market share for hummus sales in the United States, and was forecast to exceed $1 billion in sales in 2017.", "Sabra (company) __knowledge__ The company was founded in 1986 as Sabra-Blue & White Foods.", "Sabra (company) __knowledge__ The company was bought in 2005 by Israeli food manufacturer Strauss.", "Sabra (company) __knowledge__ In March 2008, Strauss entered a joint-venture partnership with Frito-Lay, a division of the multinational PepsiCo corporation.", "Chickpea __knowledge__ The chickpea or chick pea (') is a legume of the family Fabaceae, subfamily Faboideae.", "Chickpea __knowledge__ Its different types are variously known as gram, or Bengal gram, garbanzo or garbanzo bean, as well as the Egyptian pea.", "Chickpea __knowledge__ Its seeds are high in protein.", "Chickpea __knowledge__ It is one of the earliest cultivated legumes: 7,500-year-old remains have been found in the Middle East.", "Chickpea __knowledge__ The name \"chickpea\" traces back through the French ' to ', Latin for 'chickpea' (from which the Roman cognomen Cicero was taken).", "Chickpea __knowledge__ The \"Oxford English Dictionary\" lists a 1548 citation that reads, \"\"Cicer\" may be named in English Cich, or ciche pease, after the Frenche tongue.\"", "The Garhwal Rifles __knowledge__ The Garhwal Rifles is one of the most decorated infantry regiments of the Indian Army.", "The Garhwal Rifles __knowledge__ It was originally raised in 1887 as the 39th (Garhwal) Regiment of the Bengal Army.", "The Garhwal Rifles __knowledge__ It then became part of the British Indian Army, and after the Independence of India, it was incorporated into the Indian Army.", "The Garhwal Rifles __knowledge__ It served during the Frontier campaigns of the late 19th and early 20th Centuries, as well in both the World Wars and the wars fought after Independence.", "The Garhwal Rifles __knowledge__ Mainly made up of Garhwali soldiers, this regiment has a distinguished record and a unique identity.", "The Garhwal Rifles __knowledge__ Today it is made up of more than 25,000 soldiers, organised into nineteen regular battalions (i.e.", "Kadhi __knowledge__ Kadhi or karhi is an Indian dish.", "Kadhi __knowledge__ It consists of a thick gravy based on chickpea flour, and contains vegetable fritters called pakoras, to which Dahi(yogurt) is added to give it little sour taste.", "Kadhi __knowledge__ It is often eaten with boiled rice or roti.", "Kadhi __knowledge__ In Northern India, pakoras are added to the chickpea gravy and sour yogurt is added to add flavour to it.", "Kadhi __knowledge__ They are eaten either with boiled rice or roti.", "Kadhi __knowledge__ In Rajasthan and Gujarat, it is usually served with khichdi, roti, paratha or rice.", "Kadhi __knowledge__ It is considered a light food.", "Kadhi __knowledge__ Rajasthani and Gujarati \"kadhi\" differs from the Uttar Pradesh variety.", "Kadhi __knowledge__ Traditionally, it is sweeter than the other variants, because sugar or jaggery is added to it, but it can be made without sugar for a more sour taste.", "Farinata __knowledge__ Farinata , socca , torta di ceci , or cecina is a type of thin, unleavened pancake or crêpe of chickpea flour originating in Genoa and later a typical food of the Ligurian Sea coast, from Nice to Elba island.", "Farinata __knowledge__ In standard Italian, the dish is called \"farinata\" (\"made of flour\") while in Ligurian, specifically in the Genoese dialect, it goes by the name of fainâ .", "Farinata __knowledge__ In Nice and the Côte d'Azur, it is called \"socca\", in Tuscany, \"cecina\" (\"made of chickpeas\") or \"torta di ceci\" (\"chickpea pie\") and in Sardinia fainè.", "Farinata __knowledge__ It is made by stirring chickpea flour into a mixture of water and olive oil to form a loose batter, pouring it into a pan to make a pancake typically 4mm thick, and baking it for a few minutes, traditionally in an open oven in a tin-plated copper baking-pan.", "Chickpeas in Nepal __knowledge__ Chickpeas are a major pulse legume grown in Nepal, either by themselves or as an intercrop with maize or rice.", "Chickpeas in Nepal __knowledge__ Chickpeas are an important legume to Nepalese population, as it is the primary protein source for nearly 2 million Nepalese people.", "Chickpeas in Nepal __knowledge__ In 2013, Nepal imported approximately 10.1 million dollars in dried shelled chickpeas, mostly from Australia but also from Canada, creating a need to increase production not only for its own people, but also to balance bilateral trade.", "Chickpeas in Nepal __knowledge__ Chickpeas are an excellent source of protein, especially when compared to other legume pulses.", "Chickpeas in Nepal __knowledge__ They are also high in unsaturated fatty acids and minerals, including calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and potassium.", "Soybean __knowledge__ Glycine max, commonly known as soybean in North America or soya bean, is a species of legume native to East Asia, widely grown for its edible bean which has numerous uses.", "Soybean __knowledge__ Fat-free (defatted) soybean meal is a significant and cheap source of protein for animal feeds and many packaged meals.", "Soybean __knowledge__ For example, soybean products, such as textured vegetable protein (TVP), are ingredients in many meat and dairy substitutes.", "Soybean __knowledge__ The beans contain significant amounts of phytic acid, dietary minerals and B vitamins.", "Soybean __knowledge__ Soy vegetable oil, used in food and industrial applications, is another product of processing the soybean crop.", "Aquafaba __knowledge__ Aquafaba () is the name for the viscous water in which legume seeds such as chickpeas have been cooked.", "Aquafaba __knowledge__ Due to its ability to mimic functional properties of egg whites in cooking, aquafaba can be used as a direct replacement for them in some cases, including meringues and marshmallows.", "Aquafaba __knowledge__ Its composition makes it especially suitable for use by people with dietary, ethical, or religious reasons to avoid eggs.", "Aquafaba __knowledge__ The most common use of aquafaba is as a replacement for egg white.", "Aquafaba __knowledge__ It is composed of carbohydrates, proteins, and other soluble plant solids which have migrated from the seeds to the water during the cooking process.", "Cicer __knowledge__ Cicer is a genus of the legume family Fabaceae and the only genus found in tribe Cicereae.", "Cicer __knowledge__ Its native distribution is across the Middle East and Asia.", "Cicer __knowledge__ Its best-known and only domesticated member is \"Cicer arietinum\"; this species includes the chickpea, also known as garbanzo bean.", "Cicer __knowledge__ Possibilities of More Domesticated Species of the \"Cicer\" genus in the Future Currently, the only domesticated species of the \"Cicer\" genus is \"Cicer arietinum\", commonly known as the chickpea.", "Cicer __knowledge__ The chickpea is a staple food source that is used in a large number of Middle eastern households and is becoming increasingly more common among households around the world." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hummus __knowledge__ Hummus (, , or ; , full Arabic name: hummus bi tahini ) is a Levantine dip or spread made from cooked, mashed chickpeas or other beans, blended with tahini, olive oil, lemon juice, salt and garlic.", "Hummus __knowledge__ It is popular in the Middle East and in Middle Eastern cuisine around the globe.", "Hummus __knowledge__ It can also be found in most grocery stores in North America and Europe.", "Hummus __knowledge__ \"Hummus\" comes from the Arabic word meaning \"chickpeas\", and the complete name of the prepared spread in Arabic is \"ḥummuṣ bi ṭaḥīna\" which means \"chickpeas with tahini\".", "Hummus __knowledge__ Spelling of the word in English can be inconsistent.", "Hummus __knowledge__ \"Hummus\" is the most common spelling in both American and British English.", "Hummus __knowledge__ The spelling \"houmous\" is however common enough in British English to be also listed as a less common spelling in some UK dictionaries but not, for example, in the Cambridge online dictionary.", "Hummus __knowledge__ Some US dictionaries also list other spellings such as \"humus\", \"hommus\", and \"hommos\", but not Merriam-Webster, for example.", "Hummus __knowledge__ The earliest known recipes for a dish similar to \"hummus bi tahina\" are recorded in cookbooks written in Cairo in the 13th century.", "Hummus __knowledge__ A cold purée of chickpeas with vinegar and pickled lemons with herbs, spices, and oil, but no tahini or garlic, appears in the \"Kanz al-Fawa'id fi Tanwi' al-Mawa'id\"; and a purée of chickpeas and tahini called \"hummus kasa\" appears in the \"Kitab Wasf al-Atima al-Mutada\": it is based on puréed chickpeas and tahini, and acidulated with vinegar (though not lemon), but it also contains many spices, herbs, and nuts, and no garlic.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Calorie restriction __knowledge__ Calorie restriction, or caloric restriction, or energy restriction, is a dietary regimen that reduces calorie intake without incurring malnutrition or a reduction in essential nutrients.", "Calorie restriction __knowledge__ \"Reduce\" can be defined relative to the subject's previous intake before intentionally restricting calories, or relative to an average person of similar body type.", "Calorie restriction __knowledge__ In a number of species calorie restriction without malnutrition may slow the biological aging process, resulting in longer maintenance of youthful health and an increase in both median and maximum lifespan.", "Calorie restriction __knowledge__ However, the life-extending effect of calorie restriction is not shown to be universal.", "Palestinian cuisine __knowledge__ Palestinian cuisine consists of foods from or commonly eaten by Palestinians—which includes those living in Palestine, Israel, Jordan, refugee camps in nearby countries as well as by the Palestinian diaspora.", "Palestinian cuisine __knowledge__ The cuisine is a diffusion of the cultures of civilizations that settled in the region of Palestine, particularly during and after the Islamic era beginning with the Arab Ummayad conquest, then the eventual Persian-influenced Abbasids and ending with the strong influences of Turkish cuisine, resulting from the coming of the Ottoman Turks.", "Palestinian cuisine __knowledge__ It is similar to other Levantine cuisines, including Lebanese, Syrian and Jordanian.", "Calorie __knowledge__ A calorie is a unit of energy.", "Calorie __knowledge__ Various definitions exist but fall into two broad categories.", "Calorie __knowledge__ The first, the small calorie, or gram calorie (symbol: cal), is defined as the approximate amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of one gram of water by one degree Celsius at a pressure of one atmosphere.", "Calorie __knowledge__ The second is the large calorie or kilogram calorie (symbol: Cal), also known as the food calorie and similar names, is defined in terms of the kilogram rather than the gram.", "Calorie __knowledge__ It is equal to small calories or 1 kilocalorie (symbol: kcal).", "Calorie __knowledge__ Although these units relate to the metric system, all of them have been considered obsolete in science since the adoption of the SI system.", "Dieting __knowledge__ Dieting is the practice of eating food in a regulated and supervised fashion to decrease, maintain, or increase body weight.", "Dieting __knowledge__ In other words, it is conscious control or restriction of the diet.", "Dieting __knowledge__ A restricted diet is often used by those who are overweight or obese, sometimes in combination with physical exercise, to reduce body weight.", "Dieting __knowledge__ Some people follow a diet to gain weight (usually in the form of muscle).", "Dieting __knowledge__ Diets can also be used to maintain a stable body weight and improve health.", "Dieting __knowledge__ In particular, diets can be designed to prevent or treat diabetes.", "Dieting __knowledge__ Diets to promote weight loss can be categorized as: low-fat, low-carbohydrate, low-calorie, very low calorie and more recently flexible dieting.", "Sabra (company) __knowledge__ Sabra Dipping Company, LLC is a U.S.-based company which produces Middle Eastern-style and other food products, including hummus, tzatziki dip, guacamole, and Mediterranean salsa.", "Sabra (company) __knowledge__ All Sabra products are certified kosher and vegetarian, and are available throughout the U.S. and Canada.", "Sabra (company) __knowledge__ As of 2016, the company held a 60% market share for hummus sales in the United States, and was forecast to exceed $1 billion in sales in 2017.", "Sabra (company) __knowledge__ The company was founded in 1986 as Sabra-Blue & White Foods.", "Sabra (company) __knowledge__ The company was bought in 2005 by Israeli food manufacturer Strauss.", "Sabra (company) __knowledge__ In March 2008, Strauss entered a joint-venture partnership with Frito-Lay, a division of the multinational PepsiCo corporation.", "Grocery store __knowledge__ A grocery store is a retail store that primarily sells food.", "Grocery store __knowledge__ A grocer is a bulk seller of food.", "Grocery store __knowledge__ Grocery stores often offer non-perishable food that is packaged in bottles, boxes, and cans; some also have bakeries, butchers, delis, and fresh produce.", "Grocery store __knowledge__ Large grocery stores that stock significant amounts of non-food products, such as clothing and household items, are called supermarkets.", "Grocery store __knowledge__ Some large supermarkets also include a pharmacy, and customer service, redemption, and electronics sections.", "Grocery store __knowledge__ In Canada, the United Kingdom, and the United States, supermarkets and convenience stores are sometimes described as grocery businesses, or simply grocers.", "District Grocery Stores __knowledge__ District Grocery Stores (DGS) was a cooperative of small single-room grocery stores in Washington, DC, Maryland and Northern Virginia.", "District Grocery Stores __knowledge__ It operated from 1921 to 1972.", "District Grocery Stores __knowledge__ The goal was to leverage the volume of purchasing power of the cooperative to negotiate better prices from wholesalers and therefore improve their competitiveness.", "District Grocery Stores __knowledge__ The cooperative started with 20 members to grow to 300 members at its peak.", "District Grocery Stores __knowledge__ The stores were scattered all over the city and was a familiar site for all who grow up in Washington, DC in the 1950s and 1960s.", "District Grocery Stores __knowledge__ The District Grocery Society started in 1921 with 20 members.", "District Grocery Stores __knowledge__ Meeting in Mr. Hornstein's store, these store owners get together to stop declining sales and avoid closure of their stores.", "Walmart __knowledge__ Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., doing business as Walmart, is an American multinational retail corporation that operates a chain of hypermarkets, discount department stores, and grocery stores.", "Walmart __knowledge__ Headquartered in Bentonville, Arkansas, the company was founded by Sam Walton in 1962 and incorporated on October 31, 1969.", "Walmart __knowledge__ It also owns and operates Sam's Club retail warehouses.", "Walmart __knowledge__ Walmart has 11,703 stores and clubs in 28countries, operating under 59 differentnames.", "Walmart __knowledge__ The company operates under the name Walmart in the United States and Canada, as Walmart de México y Centroamérica in Mexico and Central America, as Asda in the United Kingdom, as the Seiyu Group in Japan, and as Best Price in India.", "Supermarket shortage __knowledge__ Supermarket shortages have been identified in many American urban neighborhoods, and such gaps in food access have been closely correlated with diet-related diseases such as cancer, obesity, and diabetes.", "Supermarket shortage __knowledge__ The shortage began when many supermarkets left mixed-income central city neighborhoods after civil disturbances in the late 1960s and 1970s.", "Supermarket shortage __knowledge__ By 1984, store openings exceeded closings nationally but the opposite held in cities and the trend continues.", "Supermarket shortage __knowledge__ The reluctance of large chains to open in urban areas is termed by some activists, \"supermarket redlining.\"", "Supermarket shortage __knowledge__ A second study that controlled for population and percent African American found that supermarkets in 1970 were preferred to locate in urban areas with high poverty and low income.", "Convenience store __knowledge__ A convenience store is a small retail business that stocks a range of everyday items such as groceries, snack foods, confectionery, soft drinks, tobacco products, over-the-counter drugs, toiletries, newspapers, and magazines.", "Convenience store __knowledge__ In some jurisdictions, corner stores are licensed to sell alcohol, typically beer and wine.", "Convenience store __knowledge__ Such stores may also offer money order and wire transfer services.", "Convenience store __knowledge__ They differ from general stores and village shops in that they are not in a rural location and are used as a convenient supplement to larger stores.", "Convenience store __knowledge__ A convenience store may be part of a gas/petrol station, so customers can purchase goods conveniently while filling their vehicle with fuel.", "Retail __knowledge__ Retail markets and shops have a very ancient history, dating back to antiquity.", "Retail __knowledge__ Over the centuries, retail shops were transformed from little more than \"rude booths\" to the sophisticated shopping malls of the modern era.", "Retail __knowledge__ Retailing involves the process of selling consumer goods or Services to customers through multiple channels of distribution to earn a profit.", "Retail __knowledge__ Retailers satisfy demand identified through a supply chain.", "Retail __knowledge__ Some of the earliest retailers were itinerant peddlers.", "Retail __knowledge__ The term \"retailer\" is typically applied where a service provider fills the small orders of a large number of individuals, who are end-users, rather than large orders of a small number of wholesale, corporate or government clientele.", "History of the Middle Eastern people in Metro Detroit __knowledge__ In 2004, Metro Detroit had one of the largest settlements of Middle Eastern people, including Assyrians, Chaldeans, and other Arabs, in the United States.", "History of the Middle Eastern people in Metro Detroit __knowledge__ As of 2007 about 300,000 people in Southeastern Michigan traced their descent from the Middle East.", "History of the Middle Eastern people in Metro Detroit __knowledge__ Dearborn's sizeable Arab community consists largely of Lebanese and many Assyrian/Chaldean/Syriac who immigrated for jobs in the auto industry in the 1920s, and of more recent Yemenis and Iraqis.", "History of the Middle Eastern people in Metro Detroit __knowledge__ In 2010 four Metro Detroit counties had at least 200,000 people of Middle Eastern origin.", "History of the Middle Eastern people in Metro Detroit __knowledge__ Bobby Ghosh of \"TIME\" said that some estimates gave much larger numbers." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hummus __knowledge__ Hummus (, , or ; , full Arabic name: hummus bi tahini ) is a Levantine dip or spread made from cooked, mashed chickpeas or other beans, blended with tahini, olive oil, lemon juice, salt and garlic.", "Hummus __knowledge__ It is popular in the Middle East and in Middle Eastern cuisine around the globe.", "Hummus __knowledge__ It can also be found in most grocery stores in North America and Europe.", "Hummus __knowledge__ \"Hummus\" comes from the Arabic word meaning \"chickpeas\", and the complete name of the prepared spread in Arabic is \"ḥummuṣ bi ṭaḥīna\" which means \"chickpeas with tahini\".", "Hummus __knowledge__ Spelling of the word in English can be inconsistent.", "Hummus __knowledge__ \"Hummus\" is the most common spelling in both American and British English.", "Hummus __knowledge__ The spelling \"houmous\" is however common enough in British English to be also listed as a less common spelling in some UK dictionaries but not, for example, in the Cambridge online dictionary.", "Hummus __knowledge__ Some US dictionaries also list other spellings such as \"humus\", \"hommus\", and \"hommos\", but not Merriam-Webster, for example.", "Hummus __knowledge__ The earliest known recipes for a dish similar to \"hummus bi tahina\" are recorded in cookbooks written in Cairo in the 13th century.", "Hummus __knowledge__ A cold purée of chickpeas with vinegar and pickled lemons with herbs, spices, and oil, but no tahini or garlic, appears in the \"Kanz al-Fawa'id fi Tanwi' al-Mawa'id\"; and a purée of chickpeas and tahini called \"hummus kasa\" appears in the \"Kitab Wasf al-Atima al-Mutada\": it is based on puréed chickpeas and tahini, and acidulated with vinegar (though not lemon), but it also contains many spices, herbs, and nuts, and no garlic.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Palestinian cuisine __knowledge__ Palestinian cuisine consists of foods from or commonly eaten by Palestinians—which includes those living in Palestine, Israel, Jordan, refugee camps in nearby countries as well as by the Palestinian diaspora.", "Palestinian cuisine __knowledge__ The cuisine is a diffusion of the cultures of civilizations that settled in the region of Palestine, particularly during and after the Islamic era beginning with the Arab Ummayad conquest, then the eventual Persian-influenced Abbasids and ending with the strong influences of Turkish cuisine, resulting from the coming of the Ottoman Turks.", "Palestinian cuisine __knowledge__ It is similar to other Levantine cuisines, including Lebanese, Syrian and Jordanian.", "Sabra (company) __knowledge__ Sabra Dipping Company, LLC is a U.S.-based company which produces Middle Eastern-style and other food products, including hummus, tzatziki dip, guacamole, and Mediterranean salsa.", "Sabra (company) __knowledge__ All Sabra products are certified kosher and vegetarian, and are available throughout the U.S. and Canada.", "Sabra (company) __knowledge__ As of 2016, the company held a 60% market share for hummus sales in the United States, and was forecast to exceed $1 billion in sales in 2017.", "Sabra (company) __knowledge__ The company was founded in 1986 as Sabra-Blue & White Foods.", "Sabra (company) __knowledge__ The company was bought in 2005 by Israeli food manufacturer Strauss.", "Sabra (company) __knowledge__ In March 2008, Strauss entered a joint-venture partnership with Frito-Lay, a division of the multinational PepsiCo corporation.", "West Bank Story __knowledge__ West Bank Story is a comedy/musical short film, directed by Ari Sandel, co-written by Sandel and Kim Ray, produced by Pascal Vaguelsy, Amy Kim, Ashley Jordan, Ravi Malhotra, Bill Boland, and featuring choreography by Ramon Del Barrio.", "West Bank Story __knowledge__ The film is a parody of the classic musical film \"West Side Story\", which in turn is an adaptation of \"Romeo and Juliet\".", "West Bank Story __knowledge__ The film follows the romance between the relatives of the owners of rival falafel restaurants, one Israeli and the other Palestinian, respectively named the \"Kosher King\" and the \"Hummus Hut,\" in the West Bank.", "West Bank Story __knowledge__ The film stars Ben Newmark as the IDF soldier, Noureen DeWulf as the Palestinian cashier, A.J.", "Poultrygeist: Night of the Chicken Dead __knowledge__ Poultrygeist: Night of the Chicken Dead is a 2006 black comedy musical-horror film from Troma Entertainment, directed by Lloyd Kaufman and co-directed by former long-time Troma editor Gabriel Friedman from a screenplay by Friedman and Daniel Bova.", "Poultrygeist: Night of the Chicken Dead __knowledge__ \"Poultrygeist: Night of the Chicken Dead\" was released in 2006 in theaters and in 2008 on DVD.", "Poultrygeist: Night of the Chicken Dead __knowledge__ \"Poultrygeist\" follows a group of consumers and ordinary citizens who are trapped inside a New Jersey fried chicken fast food restaurant – the American Chicken Bunker – which is being attacked by a chicken-possessed zombie demonic alien spirit because the building is erected on top of a sacred Native American burial ground.", "Abu Hummus __knowledge__ Abu Hummus, also Abu Humus, Abu Hommos, Abu Homos, Abou Homs () is a town in Beheira Governorate, Egypt, an administrative center of \"markaz\" Abu Hummus.", "Abu Hummus __knowledge__ It is named after a sheikh who was born and buried here.", "Abu Hummus __knowledge__ Abu Hummus spans between the Cairo-Alexandria Agricultural Road and the El-Mahmoudeya Canal.", "Abu Hummus __knowledge__ Population of the \"markaz\" Abu Hummus was estimated 348,000 in 2007.", "Abu Hummus __knowledge__ The markaz if known as the place of the famous Nakhla meteorite.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ Ancient Israelite cuisine refers to the food eaten by the ancient Israelites during a period of over a thousand years, from the beginning of the Israelite presence in the Land of Israel at the beginning of the Iron Age until the Roman period.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ The dietary staples were bread, wine and olive oil, but also included legumes, fruits and vegetables, dairy products, fish and meat.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ Religious beliefs, which prohibited the consumption of certain foods, shaped the Israelite diet.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ There was considerable continuity in the main components of the diet over time, despite the introduction of new foodstuffs at various stages.", "Albanian cuisine __knowledge__ Albanian cuisine () is a representative of the cuisine of the Mediterranean.", "Albanian cuisine __knowledge__ It is an example of the Mediterranean diet due to the importance of olive oil, fruits, vegetables and fish.", "Albanian cuisine __knowledge__ The cooking traditions of the Albanian people are diverse due to the environmental factors such as the geological and climatic conditions, which are suitable for the cultivation of nearly all kinds of herbs, vegetables and fruits.", "Albanian cuisine __knowledge__ Nevertheless, olive oil is the most ancient and commonly used vegetable fat in Albanian cooking, which has been produced since antiquity throughout the country particularly along the coasts.", "Turkish cuisine __knowledge__ Turkish cuisine (Turkish: \"Türk mutfağı\") is largely the heritage of Ottoman cuisine, which can be described as a fusion and refinement of Central Asian, Middle Eastern and Balkan cuisines.", "Turkish cuisine __knowledge__ Turkish cuisine has in turn influenced those and other neighbouring cuisines, including those of Southeast Europe (Balkans), Central Europe, and Western Europe.", "Turkish cuisine __knowledge__ The Ottomans fused various culinary traditions of their realm with influences from Levantine cuisines, along with traditional Turkic elements from Central Asia (such as yogurt and mantı), creating a vast array of specialities—many with strong regional associations." ] ]

[ 1, 51, 2, 1, 3 ]

[ "I love hummus, it is made from chickpeas and usually used as a spread or dip ", "I think many things are made from chickpeas, I know they have chickpea flour, though I've never tried it, the seeds are really high in protein", "It is really popular in the Middle East, but you can find it in America and European grocery stores", "I am not sure but it is definitely nutritious, a lot of times the chickpeas are mixed with olive oil, lemon juice, salt or garlic", "Oh no problem, you should definitely try the pine nut variety if you come across it in the grocery store" ]

[ "Hummus", "Hummus", "Hummus", "Hummus", "Hummus" ]

[ "Toyota", "Do you think that will change in the coming years?", "Personally I don't like Toyota they have nothing on german engineering. " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Toyota __knowledge__ Toyota is the world's market leader in sales of hybrid electric vehicles, and one of the largest companies to encourage the mass-market adoption of hybrid vehicles across the globe.", "Toyota __knowledge__ Cumulative global sales of Toyota and Lexus hybrid passenger car models achieved the 10 million milestone in January 2017.", "Toyota __knowledge__ Its Prius family is the world's top selling hybrid nameplate with over 6 million units sold worldwide .", "Toyota __knowledge__ The company was founded by Kiichiro Toyoda in 1937, as a spinoff from his father's company Toyota Industries to create automobiles.", "Toyota __knowledge__ Three years earlier, in 1934, while still a department of Toyota Industries, it created its first product, the Type A engine, and its first passenger car in 1936, the Toyota AA.", "Toyota __knowledge__ Toyota Motor Corporation produces vehicles under five brands, including the Toyota brand, Hino, Lexus, Ranz, and Daihatsu.", "Toyota __knowledge__ It also holds a 16.66% stake in Subaru Corporation, a 5.9% stake in Isuzu, as well as joint-ventures with two in China (GAC Toyota and Sichuan FAW Toyota Motor), one in India (Toyota Kirloskar), one in the Czech Republic (TPCA), along with several \"nonautomotive\" companies.", "Toyota __knowledge__ TMC is part of the Toyota Group, one of the largest conglomerates in Japan.", "Toyota __knowledge__ Toyota is headquartered in Toyota City, Aichi." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Toyota __knowledge__ Toyota is the world's market leader in sales of hybrid electric vehicles, and one of the largest companies to encourage the mass-market adoption of hybrid vehicles across the globe.", "Toyota __knowledge__ Cumulative global sales of Toyota and Lexus hybrid passenger car models achieved the 10 million milestone in January 2017.", "Toyota __knowledge__ Its Prius family is the world's top selling hybrid nameplate with over 6 million units sold worldwide .", "Toyota __knowledge__ The company was founded by Kiichiro Toyoda in 1937, as a spinoff from his father's company Toyota Industries to create automobiles.", "Toyota __knowledge__ Three years earlier, in 1934, while still a department of Toyota Industries, it created its first product, the Type A engine, and its first passenger car in 1936, the Toyota AA.", "Toyota __knowledge__ Toyota Motor Corporation produces vehicles under five brands, including the Toyota brand, Hino, Lexus, Ranz, and Daihatsu.", "Toyota __knowledge__ It also holds a 16.66% stake in Subaru Corporation, a 5.9% stake in Isuzu, as well as joint-ventures with two in China (GAC Toyota and Sichuan FAW Toyota Motor), one in India (Toyota Kirloskar), one in the Czech Republic (TPCA), along with several \"nonautomotive\" companies.", "Toyota __knowledge__ TMC is part of the Toyota Group, one of the largest conglomerates in Japan.", "Toyota __knowledge__ Toyota is headquartered in Toyota City, Aichi.", "Hindi theatre __knowledge__ Hindi theatre primarily refers to theatre performed in the Hindi language, including dialects such as Khari boli and Hindustani.", "Hindi theatre __knowledge__ Hindi theatre is produced mainly in North India, and some parts of West India and Central India, which include Mumbai and Bhopal.", "Hindi theatre __knowledge__ Hindi theatre has its roots in the traditional folk theatre of North India, like Ram lila and Raslila, and also influenced by distant Sanskrit drama.", "Hindi theatre __knowledge__ Starting with Bhartendu Harishchandra in the late 19th century and subsequent playwrights like Jaishankar Prasad, Mohan Rakesh, Hindi theatre came of age in the 1940s and 50s, when IPTA movement created a new brand of theatre practitioners in Hindi speaking areas, especially with IPTA Mumbai, Prithvi Theatres of thespian Prithviraj Kapoor, and theatre artiste Habib Tanvir, paving way for next generation of artists who came out once National School of Drama, Delhi started functioning in 1959.", "Climate change in Washington __knowledge__ Climate change in the US state of Washington is a subject of study and projection today.", "Climate change in Washington __knowledge__ \"For the most up to date and comprehensive analysis of climate change impacts on Washington State, see the University of Washington Climate Impacts Group 2009 assessment report, available\" here.", "Climate change in Washington __knowledge__ \"Economic Impacts of Climate Change (2007) in Washington State\" summarized impacts on forest fires, public health, agriculture, municipal water supply, sea level rise and fisheries.", "Climate change in Washington __knowledge__ These conclusions have been reached through several predictions, based primarily on temperature and precipitation models for climate change.", "Castles in Great Britain and Ireland __knowledge__ Castles have played an important military, economic and social role in Great Britain and Ireland since their introduction following the Norman invasion of England in 1066.", "Castles in Great Britain and Ireland __knowledge__ Although a small number of castles had been built in England in the 1050s, the Normans began to build motte and bailey and ringworks castles in large numbers to control their newly occupied territories in England and the Welsh Marches.", "Castles in Great Britain and Ireland __knowledge__ During the 12th century the Normans began to build more castles in stone – with characteristic square keeps – that played both military and political roles.", "Castles in Great Britain and Ireland __knowledge__ Royal castles were used to control key towns and the economically important forests, while baronial castles were used by the Norman lords to control their widespread estates.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Deficit reduction in the United States __knowledge__ Deficit reduction in the United States refers to taxation, spending, and economic policy debates and proposals designed to reduce the Federal budget deficit.", "Deficit reduction in the United States __knowledge__ Government agencies including the Government Accountability Office (GAO), Congressional Budget Office (CBO), the Office of Management and Budget (OMB),and the U.S. Treasury Department have reported that the federal government is facing a series of important long-run financing challenges, mainly driven by an aging population, rising healthcare costs per person, and rising interest payments on the national debt.", "Deficit reduction in the United States __knowledge__ CBO reported in July 2014 that the continuation of present tax and spending policies for the long-run (into the 2030s) results in a budget trajectory that causes debt to grow faster than GDP, which is \"unsustainable.\"", "Rugby union in Wales __knowledge__ Rugby union in Wales is the national sport and is considered a large part of national culture.", "Rugby union in Wales __knowledge__ Rugby union is thought to have reached Wales in the 1850s, with the national body, the Welsh Rugby Union (WRU) being formed in 1881.", "Rugby union in Wales __knowledge__ The national team play at the WRU-owned Principality Stadium, and compete annually in the Six Nations Championship, as well as having competed at every Rugby World Cup.", "Rugby union in Wales __knowledge__ Wales are ranked as a tier-1 nation by World Rugby (WR).", "Rugby union in Wales __knowledge__ Wales also competes as one of the 15 \"core teams\" in the annual World Rugby Sevens Series, and won the 2009 Rugby World Cup Sevens.", "Rugby union in Wales __knowledge__ The main domestic competition in Wales is the Pro14 (historically the Celtic League), in which Wales have four sides in the competition which is also contested by Irish and Scottish clubs and from 2010-11 Italian teams.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Hillary Clinton, the nominee of the Democratic Party for president of the United States in 2016, has taken positions on political issues while serving as First Lady of Arkansas (1979–81; 1983–92), First Lady of the United States (1993–2001); as U.S.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Senator from New York (2001–2009); and serving as the United States Secretary of State (2009–2013).", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In accordance with longstanding custom, during her time as Secretary of State she largely avoided taking stances on most domestic political issues.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In 2015, she announced her candidacy for the presidency.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Clinton won the Democratic primaries and formally became the party's nominee at the 2016 Democratic National Convention.", "Hybrid electric vehicle __knowledge__ A hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) is a type of hybrid vehicle that combines a conventional internal combustion engine (ICE) system with an electric propulsion system (hybrid vehicle drivetrain).", "Hybrid electric vehicle __knowledge__ The presence of the electric powertrain is intended to achieve either better fuel economy than a conventional vehicle or better performance.", "Hybrid electric vehicle __knowledge__ There is a variety of HEV types, and the degree to which each functions as an electric vehicle (EV) also varies.", "Hybrid electric vehicle __knowledge__ The most common form of HEV is the hybrid electric car, although hybrid electric trucks (pickups and tractors) and buses also exist.", "Hybrid electric vehicle __knowledge__ Modern HEVs make use of efficiency-improving technologies such as regenerative brakes which convert the vehicle's kinetic energy to electric energy to charge the battery.", "Plug-in electric vehicle __knowledge__ A plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) is any motor vehicle that can be recharged from an external source of electricity, such as wall sockets, and the electricity stored in the rechargeable battery packs drives or contributes to drive the wheels.", "Plug-in electric vehicle __knowledge__ PEV is a subset of electric vehicles that includes all-electric or battery electric vehicles (BEVs), plug-in hybrid vehicles (PHEVs), and electric vehicle conversions of hybrid electric vehicles and conventional internal combustion engine vehicles.", "Plug-in electric vehicle __knowledge__ In China, plug-in electric vehicles are called new energy vehicles (NEVs).", "Plug-in electric vehicle __knowledge__ Plug-in cars have several benefits compared to conventional internal combustion engine vehicles.", "Toyota Prius __knowledge__ The Toyota Prius () is a full hybrid electric automobile developed by Toyota and manufactured by the company since 1997.", "Toyota Prius __knowledge__ Initially offered as a 4-door sedan, it has been produced only as a 5-door liftback from 2003 to 2015, and then a 5-door fastback since 2016.", "Toyota Prius __knowledge__ The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and California Air Resources Board (CARB) rate the Prius as among the cleanest vehicles sold in the United States based on smog-forming emissions.", "Toyota Prius __knowledge__ The 2018 model year Prius Eco ranks as the second most fuel efficient gasoline-powered car available in the US without plug-in capability, following the Hyundai Ioniq Blue.", "History of plug-in hybrids __knowledge__ The history of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) spans a little more than a century, but most of the significant commercial developments have taken place after 2002.", "History of plug-in hybrids __knowledge__ The revival of interest in this automotive technology together with all-electric cars is due to advances in battery and power management technologies, and concerns about increasingly volatile oil prices and supply disruption, and also the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.", "History of plug-in hybrids __knowledge__ Between 2003 and 2010 most PHEVs on the roads were conversions of production hybrid electric vehicles, and the most prominent PHEVs were aftermarket conversions of 2004 or later Toyota Prius, which have had plug-in charging and more lead-acid batteries added and their electric-only range extended.", "Plug-in hybrid __knowledge__ A plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) is a hybrid electric vehicle that can be recharged by plugging it in to an external source of electric power as well by its on-board engine and generator.", "Plug-in hybrid __knowledge__ Most PHEVs are passenger cars but there are also PHEV versions of commercial vehicles and vans, utility trucks, buses, trains, motorcycles, scooters, and military vehicles.", "Plug-in hybrid __knowledge__ Similarly to all-electric vehicles, plug-in hybrids displace emissions from the car tailpipe to the generators powering the grid.", "Plug-in hybrid __knowledge__ These sources may be renewable or may have lower emission than an internal combustion engine.", "Plug-in hybrid __knowledge__ Charging the battery from the grid can be lower cost than using the on-board engine, helping to reduce operating cost.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ This article provides an overview of the automotive industry in countries around the world.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ The United States was the world's largest automobile producer by volume from the early years of the 20th century until the 1980s, when it was overtaken by Japan.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ In 2009, China became the world's largest vehicle producer.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ Algeria's automotive industry is among the largest on the African continent (together with South Africa, Egypt and Morocco) and can exceed 500,000 units a year.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ Renault is the largest manufacturer with an estimated 25.5 percent of the national car market.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ Other carmakers represented there include Volkswagen (second largest), Peugeot, Hyundai (fifth largest), Nissan, and Fiat." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Toyota __knowledge__ Toyota is the world's market leader in sales of hybrid electric vehicles, and one of the largest companies to encourage the mass-market adoption of hybrid vehicles across the globe.", "Toyota __knowledge__ Cumulative global sales of Toyota and Lexus hybrid passenger car models achieved the 10 million milestone in January 2017.", "Toyota __knowledge__ Its Prius family is the world's top selling hybrid nameplate with over 6 million units sold worldwide .", "Toyota __knowledge__ The company was founded by Kiichiro Toyoda in 1937, as a spinoff from his father's company Toyota Industries to create automobiles.", "Toyota __knowledge__ Three years earlier, in 1934, while still a department of Toyota Industries, it created its first product, the Type A engine, and its first passenger car in 1936, the Toyota AA.", "Toyota __knowledge__ Toyota Motor Corporation produces vehicles under five brands, including the Toyota brand, Hino, Lexus, Ranz, and Daihatsu.", "Toyota __knowledge__ It also holds a 16.66% stake in Subaru Corporation, a 5.9% stake in Isuzu, as well as joint-ventures with two in China (GAC Toyota and Sichuan FAW Toyota Motor), one in India (Toyota Kirloskar), one in the Czech Republic (TPCA), along with several \"nonautomotive\" companies.", "Toyota __knowledge__ TMC is part of the Toyota Group, one of the largest conglomerates in Japan.", "Toyota __knowledge__ Toyota is headquartered in Toyota City, Aichi.", "Automotive industry in New Zealand __knowledge__ The automotive industry in New Zealand supplies a market which has always had one of the world's highest car ownership ratios.", "Automotive industry in New Zealand __knowledge__ The distributors of new cars are essentially the former owners of the assembly businesses.", "Automotive industry in New Zealand __knowledge__ At the dealership level they have maintained their old retail chains in spite of the establishment of the many new independent businesses built since the 1980s by specialists in used imports from Japan.", "Automotive industry in New Zealand __knowledge__ Toyota entered into direct competition with those used-import businesses refurbishing old Toyotas from Japan and selling them through their own dealers as a special line.", "Automotive industry in New Zealand __knowledge__ The nation's car fleet is accordingly somewhat older than in most developed countries.", "2009–11 Toyota vehicle recalls __knowledge__ Three separate but related recalls of automobiles by Toyota Motor Corporation occurred at the end of 2009 and start of 2010.", "2009–11 Toyota vehicle recalls __knowledge__ Toyota initiated the recalls, the first two with the assistance of the U.S. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), after reports that several vehicles experienced unintended acceleration.", "2009–11 Toyota vehicle recalls __knowledge__ The first recall, on November 2, 2009, was to correct a possible incursion of an incorrect or out-of-place front driver's side floor mat into the foot pedal well, which can cause pedal entrapment.", "2009–11 Toyota vehicle recalls __knowledge__ The second recall, on January 21, 2010, was begun after some crashes were shown not to have been caused by floor mat incursion.", "Official state car __knowledge__ An official state car is a car used by a government to transport its head of state or head of government in an official capacity, which may also be used occasionally to transport other members of the government or visiting dignitaries from other countries.", "Official state car __knowledge__ A few countries bring their own official state car for state visits to other countries, for instance, the United States, Russia and the United Kingdom.", "Official state car __knowledge__ It also may serve as an automotive symbol of the head of state and their country.", "Official state car __knowledge__ Part of the criteria for an official state car is to have adequate security, capability and stateliness for its duty.", "Hybrid electric vehicle __knowledge__ A hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) is a type of hybrid vehicle that combines a conventional internal combustion engine (ICE) system with an electric propulsion system (hybrid vehicle drivetrain).", "Hybrid electric vehicle __knowledge__ The presence of the electric powertrain is intended to achieve either better fuel economy than a conventional vehicle or better performance.", "Hybrid electric vehicle __knowledge__ There is a variety of HEV types, and the degree to which each functions as an electric vehicle (EV) also varies.", "Hybrid electric vehicle __knowledge__ The most common form of HEV is the hybrid electric car, although hybrid electric trucks (pickups and tractors) and buses also exist.", "Hybrid electric vehicle __knowledge__ Modern HEVs make use of efficiency-improving technologies such as regenerative brakes which convert the vehicle's kinetic energy to electric energy to charge the battery.", "Tesla, Inc. __knowledge__ Tesla, Inc. (formerly Tesla Motors) is an American company that specializes in electric automotives, energy storage and solar panel manufacturing based in Palo Alto, California.", "Tesla, Inc. __knowledge__ Founded in 2003, the company specializes in electric cars, lithium-ion battery energy storage, and residential photovoltaic panels (through the subsidiary company SolarCity).", "Tesla, Inc. __knowledge__ The additional products Tesla sells include the Tesla Powerwall and Powerpack batteries, solar panels and solar roof tiles.", "Tesla, Inc. __knowledge__ CEO Elon Musk said that he envisions Tesla as a technology company and independent automaker, aimed at eventually offering electric cars at prices affordable to the average consumer.", "Toyota Racing __knowledge__ Panasonic Toyota Racing was a Formula One team owned by Japanese car manufacturer Toyota and based in Cologne, Germany.", "Toyota Racing __knowledge__ Toyota announced their plans to participate in F1 in 1999, and after extensive testing with their initial car, dubbed the TF101, the team made their debut in 2002.", "Toyota Racing __knowledge__ The new team grew from Toyota's long-standing Toyota Motorsport GmbH organisation, which had previously competed in the World Rally Championship and the 24 Hours of Le Mans.", "Toyota Racing __knowledge__ Despite a point in their first-ever race, Panasonic Toyota Racing never won a Grand Prix, their best finish being 2nd position, which they achieved five times – in 2005, 2008 and 2009.", "Lexus __knowledge__ Lexus originated from a corporate project to develop a new premium sedan, code-named F1, which began in 1983 and culminated in the launch of the Lexus LS in 1989.", "Lexus __knowledge__ Subsequently, the division added sedan, coupé, convertible and SUV models.", "Lexus __knowledge__ Lexus did not exist as a brand in its home market until 2005, and all vehicles marketed internationally as Lexus from 1989 to 2005 were released in Japan under the Toyota marque and an equivalent model name.", "Lexus __knowledge__ In 2005, a hybrid version of the RX crossover debuted and additional hybrid models later joined the division's lineup.", "Lexus __knowledge__ Lexus launched its own F marque performance division in 2007 with the debut of the IS F sport sedan, followed by the LFA supercar in 2009.", "Lexus RX __knowledge__ The Lexus RX (Japanese: レクサス・RX, \"Rekusasu RX\") is a mid-size luxury crossover SUV sold since 1998 by Lexus, the luxury division of Toyota.", "Lexus RX __knowledge__ Originally released in its home market of Japan in late 1997 as the Toyota Harrier, export sales began in March 1998 as the Lexus RX.", "Lexus RX __knowledge__ Four generations of the Lexus RX have been produced to date, the first being compact in size, and the latter three classified as mid-size.", "Lexus RX __knowledge__ Both front- and four-wheel drive configurations have been used on the RX series, and several gasoline powertrain options, including V6 engines and hybrid systems, have been offered.", "Lexus RX __knowledge__ In the Lexus model lineup, the RX sits below the larger GX and LX body-on-frame SUVs, and above the smaller NX crossover.", "Lexus LS __knowledge__ The Lexus LS (Japanese: レクサス・LS, \"Rekusasu LS\") is a full-size luxury car (F-segment in Europe) serving as the flagship model of Lexus, the luxury division of Toyota.", "Lexus LS __knowledge__ For the first four generations, all LS models featured V8 engines and were predominantly rear-wheel-drive, with Lexus also offering all-wheel-drive, hybrid, and long-wheelbase variants.", "Lexus LS __knowledge__ The fifth generation changed to using a V6 engine with no V8 option, and the long wheelbase variant was removed entirely.", "Lexus LS __knowledge__ As the first model developed by Lexus, the LS 400 debuted in January 1989 with the second generation debuting in November 1994.", "Lexus GS __knowledge__ The Lexus GS (Japanese: レクサス・GS, \"Rekusasu GS\") is an executive car sold by Lexus, the luxury division of Toyota.", "Lexus GS __knowledge__ The same car launched in 1991 as the Toyota Aristo in Japan, but the Lexus-badged model did not appear until 1993.", "Lexus GS __knowledge__ Now in its fourth generation, the GS sold under the Aristo name in Japan only until the release of the third generation in 2005.", "Lexus GS __knowledge__ Designed as a performance sedan competing in the mid-luxury class, the GS slots between the entry-level/compact luxury IS and large/flagship LS, and shares its chassis with one of Toyota's longest-running platforms: the S-series which has been used under multiple generations of the Toyota Crown premium sedans.", "Hybrid Synergy Drive __knowledge__ Hybrid Synergy Drive (HSD) is the brand name of Toyota for hybrid car drive train technology.", "Hybrid Synergy Drive __knowledge__ It is used in its Yaris, Auris, Prius, Avalon Hybrid, RAV 4, Highlander Hybrid, Camry Hybrid, , Crown Majesta, Estima, Alphard, Lexus RX 400h/RX 450h, Lexus ES 300h, Lexus GS 450h, Lexus LS 600h/LS 600hL, Lexus CT 200h, Lexus IS 300h, Lexus HS 250h and Lexus NX 300h automobiles.", "Hybrid Synergy Drive __knowledge__ Toyota also licenses its HSD technology to Nissan for use in its Nissan Altima Hybrid.", "Hybrid Synergy Drive __knowledge__ Its parts supplier Aisin Seiki Co. offers similar hybrid transmissions to other car companies.", "Hybrid Synergy Drive __knowledge__ HSD technology produces a full hybrid vehicle which allows the car to run on the electric motor only, as opposed to most other brand hybrids which cannot and are considered mild hybrids." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3 ]

[ "Toyota is a top ranked auto maker in terms of number sales when it comes to hybrid cars", "Yes, it's hard to beat an innovative company such as Toyota, total sales and lexus hybrid model achieved a milestone of 10 million in 2017", "Well, I bet you have seen the Prius models, their hybrid model had about 6 million sales globally, that tells something about the company" ]

[ "Toyota", "Toyota", "Toyota" ]

[ "League of Legends", "no! who created the game ?", "what are the characters of the game?", "is it on xbox?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "League of Legends __knowledge__ League of Legends (abbreviated LoL) is a multiplayer online battle arena video game developed and published by Riot Games for Microsoft Windows and macOS.", "League of Legends __knowledge__ The game follows a freemium model and is supported by microtransactions, and was inspired by the \"\" mod, \"Defense of the Ancients\".", "League of Legends __knowledge__ In \"League of Legends\", players assume the role of an unseen \"summoner\" that controls a \"champion\" with unique abilities and battle against a team of other players or computer-controlled champions.", "League of Legends __knowledge__ The goal is usually to destroy the opposing team's \"nexus\", a structure which lies at the heart of a base protected by defensive structures, although other distinct game modes exist as well.", "League of Legends __knowledge__ Each \"League of Legends\" match is discrete, with all champions starting off fairly weak but increasing in strength by accumulating items and experience over the course of the game.", "League of Legends __knowledge__ The champions and setting blend a variety of elements, including high fantasy, steampunk, and Lovecraftian horror.", "League of Legends __knowledge__ \"League of Legends\" was generally well received upon its release in 2009, and has since grown in popularity, with an active and expansive fanbase.", "League of Legends __knowledge__ By July 2012, \"League of Legends\" was the most played PC game in North America and Europe in terms of the number of hours played." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "League of Legends __knowledge__ League of Legends (abbreviated LoL) is a multiplayer online battle arena video game developed and published by Riot Games for Microsoft Windows and macOS.", "League of Legends __knowledge__ The game follows a freemium model and is supported by microtransactions, and was inspired by the \"\" mod, \"Defense of the Ancients\".", "League of Legends __knowledge__ In \"League of Legends\", players assume the role of an unseen \"summoner\" that controls a \"champion\" with unique abilities and battle against a team of other players or computer-controlled champions.", "League of Legends __knowledge__ The goal is usually to destroy the opposing team's \"nexus\", a structure which lies at the heart of a base protected by defensive structures, although other distinct game modes exist as well.", "League of Legends __knowledge__ Each \"League of Legends\" match is discrete, with all champions starting off fairly weak but increasing in strength by accumulating items and experience over the course of the game.", "League of Legends __knowledge__ The champions and setting blend a variety of elements, including high fantasy, steampunk, and Lovecraftian horror.", "League of Legends __knowledge__ \"League of Legends\" was generally well received upon its release in 2009, and has since grown in popularity, with an active and expansive fanbase.", "League of Legends __knowledge__ By July 2012, \"League of Legends\" was the most played PC game in North America and Europe in terms of the number of hours played.", "Development of Final Fantasy XV __knowledge__ The development of \"Final Fantasy XV\", a Japanese action role-playing video game, began in 2006 shortly before its announcement at that year's Electronic Entertainment Expo.", "Development of Final Fantasy XV __knowledge__ Square Enix handled primary development on \"Final Fantasy XV\", and the game was released worldwide in November 2016; the total development time covered approximately ten years.", "Development of Final Fantasy XV __knowledge__ The game was originally announced as \"Final Fantasy Versus XIII\", a PlayStation 3-exclusive spin-off title.", "Development of Final Fantasy XV __knowledge__ It was part of \"Fabula Nova Crystallis Final Fantasy\", a subseries of games linked by a common mythos: while retaining thematic links, specific references were removed to aid with marketing.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants Inc. is an American video game developer founded in 1994 by special-effects and computer-animation veterans Sherry McKenna and Lorne Lanning.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The company is primarily known for the incomplete \"Oddworld Quintology\", a series of award-winning video games about the fictional planet of Oddworld and its native creatures.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The series debuted with \"\" in 1997 and continued with \"\" in 2001 but the studio has also developed standalone titles \"\" in 1998 and \"\" in 2005.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants took a break from game development for a time following the release of \"Stranger's Wrath\", even though it had already begun preliminary work on its next Oddworld title, \"The Brutal Ballad of Fangus Klot\".", "History of video games __knowledge__ The history of video games goes as far back as the early 1950s, when academic computer scientists began designing simple games and simulations as part of their research.", "History of video games __knowledge__ Video gaming did not reach mainstream popularity until the 1970s and 1980s, when video arcade games and gaming consoles using joysticks, buttons, and other controllers, along with graphics on computer screens and home computer games were introduced to the general public.", "History of video games __knowledge__ Since the 1980s, video gaming has become a popular form of entertainment and a part of modern popular culture in most parts of the world.", "History of video games __knowledge__ One of the early games was \"Spacewar!", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ No Man's Sky is an action-adventure survival video game developed and published by the indie studio Hello Games for PlayStation 4 and Microsoft Windows.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ It was released worldwide in August 2016.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ The game is built around four pillars: exploration, survival, combat, and trading.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ Players are free to perform within the entirety of a procedurally generated deterministic open universe, which includes over 18 quintillion planets.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ Through the game's procedural generation system, planets have their own ecosystems with unique forms of flora and fauna, and various sentient alien species may engage the player in combat or trade within planetary systems.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ is the longest-running noontime variety show in the Philippines.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The show has featured hundreds of segments and competitions since its debut on July 30, 1979.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The following is an incomplete list of the segments of \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ throughout its thirty-eight year run on television.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The segments are organized alphabetically by title.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ It is a special segment that has a similar concept with \"I Object, Your Honor\" and \"I Object, #NasaanAngHustisya?", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \", that tests the cleverness and originality of the \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ hosts.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The hosts are divided into two teams.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ In each round, both teams are given one specific object.", "Video game development __knowledge__ Video game development is the process of creating a video game.", "Video game development __knowledge__ The effort is undertaken by a game developer, which may range from a single person to an international team dispersed across the globe.", "Video game development __knowledge__ Traditional commercial PC and console games are normally funded by a publisher, and can take several years to reach completion.", "Video game development __knowledge__ Indie games can take less time and can be produced at a lower cost by individuals and smaller developers.", "Video game development __knowledge__ The independent game industry has seen a substantial rise in recent years with the growth of new online distribution systems, such as Steam and Uplay, as well as the mobile game market, such as for Android and iOS devices.", "Brütal Legend __knowledge__ Brütal Legend is an action-adventure video game with real-time strategy game elements created by Double Fine Productions and published by Electronic Arts for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360.", "Brütal Legend __knowledge__ The game was released during October 2009 in North America, Europe, and Australia.", "Brütal Legend __knowledge__ Though \"Brütal Legend\" was originally to be published by Vivendi Games prior to its merger with Activision, Activision dropped the game from its portfolio after the merger.", "Brütal Legend __knowledge__ It was later picked up by Electronic Arts, though Activision and Double Fine brought counter-lawsuits against each other over publishing issues.", "Brütal Legend __knowledge__ The issues were settled out of court.", "List of eSports games __knowledge__ Esports: video games which are played in professional competitions, usually fall into a few major genres.", "List of eSports games __knowledge__ The majority of eSports titles are fighting games, first-person shooters (FPS), real-time strategy (RTS), or multiplayer online battle arena games (MOBA), with the MOBA genre being the most popular in terms of participation and viewership.", "List of eSports games __knowledge__ The following is a selection of games which currently have or had a professional scene, sorted by genre and ordered roughly chronologically.", "List of eSports games __knowledge__ Fighting games were among the earliest games to be in tournaments, with the founding of what would become the Evolution Championship Series in 1999.", "ESports __knowledge__ eSports (also known as electronic sports, esports, e-sports, competitive (video) gaming, professional (video) gaming, or pro gaming) is a form of competition using video games.", "ESports __knowledge__ Most commonly, eSports take the form of organized, multiplayer video game competitions, particularly between professional players.", "ESports __knowledge__ The most common video game genres associated with eSports are real-time strategy, fighting, first-person shooter (FPS), and multiplayer online battle arena (MOBA).", "ESports __knowledge__ Tournaments such as The International, the \"League of Legends\" World Championship, the Evolution Championship Series and the Intel Extreme Masters provide live broadcasts of the competition, and prize money to competitors.", "List of video game genres __knowledge__ A video game genre is a specific category of games related by similar gameplay characteristics.", "List of video game genres __knowledge__ Genres are not usually defined by the actual content of the game or its medium of play, but by its common challenge.", "List of video game genres __knowledge__ Genres may encompass a wide variety of games, leading to even more specific classifications called \"subgenres\".", "List of video game genres __knowledge__ For example, an action game can be classified into many subgenres such as platform games and fighting games.", "List of video game genres __knowledge__ Some games, most notably browser and mobile games, are commonly classified into multiple genres.", "List of video game genres __knowledge__ The following is a list of all commonly defined video game genres, with short descriptions for individual genres and major subgenres.", "Dota 2 __knowledge__ Dota 2 is a free-to-play multiplayer online battle arena (MOBA) video game developed and published by Valve Corporation.", "Dota 2 __knowledge__ The game is the stand-alone sequel to \"Defense of the Ancients\" (\"DotA\"), which was a community-created mod for Blizzard Entertainment's \"\" and its expansion pack, \"\".", "Dota 2 __knowledge__ \"Dota 2\" is played in matches between two teams of five players, with each team occupying and defending their own separate base on the map.", "Dota 2 __knowledge__ Each of the ten players independently controls a powerful character, known as a \"hero\", who all have unique abilities and differing styles of play.", "Dota 2 __knowledge__ During a match, players collect experience points and items for their heroes to successfully battle the opposing team's heroes, who attempt to do the same to them.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ Overwatch is a team-based multiplayer online first-person shooter video game developed and published by Blizzard Entertainment.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ It was released in May 2016 for Windows, PlayStation 4, and Xbox One.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ \"Overwatch\" assigns players into two teams of six, with each player selecting from a roster of over 20 characters, known in-game as \"heroes\", each with a unique style of play, whose roles are divided into four general categories: Offense, Defense, Tank, and Support.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ Players on a team work together to secure and defend control points on a map or escort a payload across the map in a limited amount of time.", "Role-playing video game __knowledge__ A role-playing video game (commonly referred to as role-playing game or RPG, as well as computer role-playing game or CRPG) is a video game genre where the player controls the actions of a character (and/or several party members) immersed in some well-defined world.", "Role-playing video game __knowledge__ Many role-playing video games have origins in tabletop role-playing games (Including \"Dungeons & Dragons\") and use much of the same , settings and game mechanics.", "Role-playing video game __knowledge__ Other major similarities with pen-and-paper games include developed story-telling and narrative elements, player character development, complexity, as well as replayability and immersion." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "League of Legends __knowledge__ League of Legends (abbreviated LoL) is a multiplayer online battle arena video game developed and published by Riot Games for Microsoft Windows and macOS.", "League of Legends __knowledge__ The game follows a freemium model and is supported by microtransactions, and was inspired by the \"\" mod, \"Defense of the Ancients\".", "League of Legends __knowledge__ In \"League of Legends\", players assume the role of an unseen \"summoner\" that controls a \"champion\" with unique abilities and battle against a team of other players or computer-controlled champions.", "League of Legends __knowledge__ The goal is usually to destroy the opposing team's \"nexus\", a structure which lies at the heart of a base protected by defensive structures, although other distinct game modes exist as well.", "League of Legends __knowledge__ Each \"League of Legends\" match is discrete, with all champions starting off fairly weak but increasing in strength by accumulating items and experience over the course of the game.", "League of Legends __knowledge__ The champions and setting blend a variety of elements, including high fantasy, steampunk, and Lovecraftian horror.", "League of Legends __knowledge__ \"League of Legends\" was generally well received upon its release in 2009, and has since grown in popularity, with an active and expansive fanbase.", "League of Legends __knowledge__ By July 2012, \"League of Legends\" was the most played PC game in North America and Europe in terms of the number of hours played.", "List of Mortal Kombat characters __knowledge__ This is a list of playable characters from the \"Mortal Kombat\" fighting game series and the games in which they appear.", "List of Mortal Kombat characters __knowledge__ The series takes place in a fictional universe composed of six realms, which were created by the Elder Gods.", "List of Mortal Kombat characters __knowledge__ The Elder Gods created a fighting tournament called Mortal Kombat to reduce the wars between the realms.", "List of Mortal Kombat characters __knowledge__ The first \"Mortal Kombat\" game introduces a tournament in which Earthrealm can be destroyed if it loses once again.", "List of Mortal Kombat characters __knowledge__ The Earthrealm warriors manage to defeat the champion Goro and tournament host Shang Tsung, but this leads Tsung to search for other ways to destroy Earthrealm.", "Disney Infinity: Marvel Super Heroes __knowledge__ Disney Infinity: Marvel Super Heroes (also known as Disney Infinity 2.0 Edition) is an action-adventure sandbox toys-to-life video game developed by Avalanche Software and published by Disney Interactive Studios.", "Disney Infinity: Marvel Super Heroes __knowledge__ The game features additional work by Studio Gobo and Ninja Theory.", "Disney Infinity: Marvel Super Heroes __knowledge__ It is the sequel and successor of the 2013 video game \"Disney Infinity\" and was announced on April 8, 2014.", "Disney Infinity: Marvel Super Heroes __knowledge__ The game was released on September 23, 2014 in North America, September 19, 2014 in the United Kingdom, September 18, 2014 in Australia and the rest of Europe for iOS, PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, Wii U, Microsoft Windows, Xbox 360 and Xbox One, and for PlayStation Vita on May 9, 2015.", "History of Eastern role-playing video games __knowledge__ Eastern role-playing video games are role-playing video games developed in East Asia.", "History of Eastern role-playing video games __knowledge__ Most Eastern role-playing games are Japanese role-playing games (JRPG), developed in Japan.", "History of Eastern role-playing video games __knowledge__ Role-playing games are also developed in South Korea and in China.", "History of Eastern role-playing video games __knowledge__ While the Japanese video game industry has long been viewed as console-centric in the Western world, due to the worldwide success of Japanese consoles beginning with the NES, the country had in fact produced thousands of commercial personal computer games from the late 1970s up until the mid-1990s, in addition to \"dōjin soft\" independent games.", "History of Eastern role-playing video games __knowledge__ The country's computer market was very fragmented at first; \"Lode Runner\", for example, reportedly required 34 conversions to different hardware platforms.", "Role-playing video game __knowledge__ A role-playing video game (commonly referred to as role-playing game or RPG, as well as computer role-playing game or CRPG) is a video game genre where the player controls the actions of a character (and/or several party members) immersed in some well-defined world.", "Role-playing video game __knowledge__ Many role-playing video games have origins in tabletop role-playing games (Including \"Dungeons & Dragons\") and use much of the same , settings and game mechanics.", "Role-playing video game __knowledge__ Other major similarities with pen-and-paper games include developed story-telling and narrative elements, player character development, complexity, as well as replayability and immersion.", "Development of Overwatch __knowledge__ \"Overwatch\" is a team-based first-person shooter developed by Blizzard Entertainment and released for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 4, and Xbox One in June 2016.", "Development of Overwatch __knowledge__ The game, while having several different play modes, generally features two teams of six players each, selecting pre-made heroes from the game's roster, to either attack or defend various objective points on the game's maps.", "Development of Overwatch __knowledge__ The game supports causal game modes as well as ranked competitive play.", "Development of Overwatch __knowledge__ Since release, \"Overwatch\" has been both critically and financially successful, with a player base of 35 million players as of October 2017.", "Development of Overwatch __knowledge__ The development of \"Overwatch\" started in the fallout following Blizzard's decision to cancel continued development of the massively multiplayer online role-playing game \"Titan\" around 2013.", "Characters of Chrono Cross __knowledge__ While its predecessor, like most role-playing games at the time, only offered a handful of playable characters, \"Chrono Cross\" was notable for making 45 different characters available for recruitment over the course of the game, each with distinct backstory and speech patterns.", "Characters of Chrono Cross __knowledge__ The game's writer, Masato Kato, started with the core characters from \"Radical Dreamers\", a rare, Japan-only visual novel he felt ultimately went unfinished, and greatly expanded the cast and scenario, while leaving the creation of some minor characters to various other members of the development team.", "Characters of Chrono Cross __knowledge__ The developers also created an \"auto accent program\", to apply accents and other quirks to character's dialogue, making the dialogue altered depending on who was present in the player's party.", "Street Fighter __knowledge__ , commonly abbreviated as \"SF\" or スト (\"Suto\"), is a fighting video game franchise developed and published by Capcom.", "Street Fighter __knowledge__ The first game in the series was released in 1987.", "Street Fighter __knowledge__ Since then, five other main series games, as well as various spin-offs and crossovers, have been released.", "Street Fighter __knowledge__ \"Street Fighter II\" is credited with establishing many of the conventions of the one-on-one fighting genre.", "Street Fighter __knowledge__ The game's playable characters originate from different countries around the world, each with a unique fighting style.", "Street Fighter __knowledge__ The franchise has sold 40 million software units and over 500,000 arcade hardware units.", "Street Fighter __knowledge__ It is one of the highest-grossing video game franchises, with \"Street Fighter II\" estimated to have grossed over $10 billion in revenue.", "Riot Games __knowledge__ Riot Games is an American video game developer, publisher, and eSports tournament organizer established in 2006.", "Riot Games __knowledge__ Their main office is based in West Los Angeles, California.", "Riot Games __knowledge__ They currently have additional game development studios and offices located in Berlin, Dublin, Hong Kong, Istanbul, Mexico City, Moscow, New York City, St. Louis, Santiago, São Paulo, Seoul, Shanghai, Singapore, Sydney, Taipei, and Tokyo.", "Riot Games __knowledge__ The company is primarily known for \"League of Legends\", which was released in North America and Europe on October 27, 2009.", "Riot Games __knowledge__ The company developed a free mobile game called \"Blitzcrank's Poro Roundup\", which was released on iOS, and Android in August 2015.", "MacOS __knowledge__ macOS (; previously , then ) is a series of graphical operating systems developed and marketed by Apple Inc. since 2001.", "MacOS __knowledge__ It is the primary operating system for Apple's Mac family of computers.", "MacOS __knowledge__ Within the market of desktop, laptop and home computers, and by web usage, it is the second most widely used desktop OS, after Microsoft Windows.", "MacOS __knowledge__ macOS is the second major series of Macintosh operating systems.", "MacOS __knowledge__ The first is colloquially called the \"classic\" Mac OS, which was introduced in 1984, and the final release of which was Mac OS 9 in 1999.", "MacOS __knowledge__ The first desktop version, Mac OS X 10.0, was released in March 2001, with its first update, 10.1, arriving later that year.", "Operating system __knowledge__ An operating system (OS) is system software that manages computer hardware and software resources and provides common services for computer programs.", "Operating system __knowledge__ Time-sharing operating systems schedule tasks for efficient use of the system and may also include accounting software for cost allocation of processor time, mass storage, printing, and other resources.", "Operating system __knowledge__ For hardware functions such as input and output and memory allocation, the operating system acts as an intermediary between programs and the computer hardware, although the application code is usually executed directly by the hardware and frequently makes system calls to an OS function or is interrupted by it.", "Microsoft Windows __knowledge__ Microsoft Windows is a group of several graphical operating system families, all of which are developed, marketed, and sold by Microsoft.", "Microsoft Windows __knowledge__ Each family caters to a certain sector of the computing industry.", "Microsoft Windows __knowledge__ Active Windows families include Windows NT and Windows Embedded; these may encompass subfamilies, e.g.", "Microsoft Windows __knowledge__ Windows Embedded Compact (Windows CE) or Windows Server.", "Microsoft Windows __knowledge__ Defunct Windows families include Windows 9x, Windows Mobile and Windows Phone.", "Microsoft Windows __knowledge__ Microsoft introduced an operating environment named \"Windows\" on November 20, 1985, as a graphical operating system shell for MS-DOS in response to the growing interest in graphical user interfaces (GUIs).", "Personal computer __knowledge__ A personal computer (PC) is a multi-purpose computer whose size, capabilities, and price make it feasible for individual use.", "Personal computer __knowledge__ PCs are intended to be operated directly by an end user, rather than by a computer expert or technician.", "Personal computer __knowledge__ Computer time-sharing models that were typically used with larger, more expensive minicomputer and mainframe systems, to enable them be used by many people at the same time, are not used with PCs.", "Personal computer __knowledge__ Early computer owners in the 1960s, invariably institutional or corporate, had to write their own programs to do any useful work with the machines.", "Personal computer __knowledge__ In the 2010s, personal computer users have access to a wide range of commercial software, free software (\"freeware\") and free and open-source software, which are provided in ready-to-run form.", "History of Microsoft Windows __knowledge__ Microsoft Windows was announced by Bill Gates on November 10, 1983.", "History of Microsoft Windows __knowledge__ Microsoft introduced Windows as a graphical user interface for MS-DOS, which had been introduced a couple of years earlier.", "History of Microsoft Windows __knowledge__ In the 1990s, the product line evolved from an operating environment into a fully complete, modern operating system over two lines of development, each with their own separate codebase.", "History of Microsoft Windows __knowledge__ The first versions of Windows (1.0 through to 3.11) were programs run from MS-DOS which then took over the screen and launched an application called Program Manager; later on, Windows 95, though still being based on MS-DOS, was its own operating system, using a 16-bit DOS-based kernel and a 32-bit user space." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "League of Legends __knowledge__ League of Legends (abbreviated LoL) is a multiplayer online battle arena video game developed and published by Riot Games for Microsoft Windows and macOS.", "League of Legends __knowledge__ The game follows a freemium model and is supported by microtransactions, and was inspired by the \"\" mod, \"Defense of the Ancients\".", "League of Legends __knowledge__ In \"League of Legends\", players assume the role of an unseen \"summoner\" that controls a \"champion\" with unique abilities and battle against a team of other players or computer-controlled champions.", "League of Legends __knowledge__ The goal is usually to destroy the opposing team's \"nexus\", a structure which lies at the heart of a base protected by defensive structures, although other distinct game modes exist as well.", "League of Legends __knowledge__ Each \"League of Legends\" match is discrete, with all champions starting off fairly weak but increasing in strength by accumulating items and experience over the course of the game.", "League of Legends __knowledge__ The champions and setting blend a variety of elements, including high fantasy, steampunk, and Lovecraftian horror.", "League of Legends __knowledge__ \"League of Legends\" was generally well received upon its release in 2009, and has since grown in popularity, with an active and expansive fanbase.", "League of Legends __knowledge__ By July 2012, \"League of Legends\" was the most played PC game in North America and Europe in terms of the number of hours played.", "Xbox One __knowledge__ Xbox One is a line of eighth generation home video game consoles developed by Microsoft.", "Xbox One __knowledge__ Announced in May 2013, it is the successor to Xbox 360 and the third console in the Xbox family.", "Xbox One __knowledge__ It was first released in North America, parts of Europe, Australia, and Brazil in November 2013, and in Japan, China, and other European countries in September 2014.", "Xbox One __knowledge__ It is the first Xbox game console to be released in China, specifically in the Shanghai Free-Trade Zone.", "Xbox One __knowledge__ Microsoft marketed the device as an \"all-in-one entertainment system\".", "Xbox One __knowledge__ The Xbox One line mainly competes against consoles such as Sony's PlayStation 4 and Nintendo's Wii U and Switch.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ The Xbox 360 is a home video game console developed by Microsoft.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ As the successor to the original Xbox, it is the second console in the Xbox series.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ It competed with Sony's PlayStation 3 and Nintendo's Wii as part of the seventh generation of video game consoles.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ It was officially unveiled on MTV on May 12, 2005, with detailed launch and game information announced later that month at the 2005 E3 expo.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ The Xbox 360 features an online service, Xbox Live, which was expanded from its previous iteration on the original Xbox and received regular updates during the console's lifetime.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ Available in free and subscription-based varieties, Xbox Live allows users to: play games online; download games (through Xbox Live Arcade) and game demos; purchase and stream music, television programs, and films through the Xbox Music and Xbox Video portals; and access third-party content services through media streaming applications.", "Xbox Live __knowledge__ Xbox Live is an online multiplayer gaming and digital media delivery service created and operated by Microsoft.", "Xbox Live __knowledge__ It was first made available to the Xbox system in November 2002.", "Xbox Live __knowledge__ An updated version of the service became available for the Xbox 360 console at the system's launch in November 2005, and a further enhanced version was released in 2013 with the Xbox One.", "Xbox Live __knowledge__ The service was extended in 2007 on the Windows platform, named Games for Windows – Live, which makes most aspects of the system available on Windows computers.", "Xbox Live __knowledge__ Microsoft has announced plans to extend Live to other platforms such as handhelds and mobile phones as part of the Live Anywhere initiative.", "Xbox (console) __knowledge__ The Xbox is a home video game console and the first installment in the Xbox series of consoles manufactured by Microsoft.", "Xbox (console) __knowledge__ It was released on November 15, 2001 in North America, followed by Australia, Europe and Japan in 2002.", "Xbox (console) __knowledge__ It was Microsoft's first foray into the gaming console market.", "Xbox (console) __knowledge__ It is the part of sixth generation console, and competed with Sony's PlayStation 2 and Nintendo's GameCube.", "Xbox (console) __knowledge__ It was also the first console produced by an American company since the Atari Jaguar ceased production in 1996.", "Xbox (console) __knowledge__ Announced in 2000, the Xbox, graphically powerful compared to its rivals, featured a standard PC's 733 MHz Intel Pentium III processor.", "List of Xbox 360 accessories __knowledge__ The Xbox 360 game console, developed by Microsoft, features a number of first-party and third-party accessories.", "List of Xbox 360 accessories __knowledge__ Up to four controllers are able to connect to Xbox 360, including wired and wireless gamepads.", "List of Xbox 360 accessories __knowledge__ The wireless controllers run on either AA batteries (Alkaline or rechargeable) or on a rechargeable battery pack.", "List of Xbox 360 accessories __knowledge__ The wired controllers may be connected to any of the USB ports on the console (the number of ports depends on model: old-style 360s have two at the front and one on the rear, while Xbox 360 S units have two at the front and three at the rear), or to a USB hub.", "List of Xbox 360 accessories __knowledge__ USB keyboards are also supported, but only for inputting text and navigating the dashboard; additionally, the number pad and hotkeys are non-functional.", "Xbox __knowledge__ Xbox is a video gaming brand created and owned by Microsoft.", "Xbox __knowledge__ It represents a series of video game consoles developed by Microsoft, with three consoles released in the sixth, seventh and eighth generations respectively.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The brand also represents applications (games), streaming services, and an online service by the name of Xbox Live.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The brand was first introduced in the United States in November 2001, with the launch of the original Xbox console.", "Xbox __knowledge__ That original device was the first video game console offered by an American company after the Atari Jaguar stopped sales in 1996.", "Xbox __knowledge__ It reached over 24 million units sold as of May 2006.", "Xbox One system software __knowledge__ The Xbox One system software, sometimes called the Xbox OS, is the operating system for the eighth-generation home video game console, Xbox One.", "Xbox One system software __knowledge__ It is a Windows-based operating system using the Hyper-V virtual machine monitor and contains separate operating systems for games and applications that can run on the console.", "Xbox One system software __knowledge__ It is located on the internal HDD for day-to-day usage, while also being duplicated on the internal NAND storage of the console for recovery purposes and factory reset functionality.", "Xbox One system software __knowledge__ The Xbox One allows users to download applications that add to the functionality of the dashboard.", "Jutsu (Naruto) __knowledge__ In the manga and anime series \"Naruto\", by Masashi Kishimoto, a is a supernatural ability possessed by a ninja.", "Jutsu (Naruto) __knowledge__ The series occurs in a fictional universe in which different countries fight for power using ninja soldiers.", "Jutsu (Naruto) __knowledge__ The \"Naruto\" story-line follows a group of young ninjas from the village Konohagakure (Hidden Leaf Village).", "Jutsu (Naruto) __knowledge__ In the series, the ninjas use their jutsu by manipulating a form of energy known as the chakra, which is a combination of the physical and mental energies into either of the other two main jutsus.", "Jutsu (Naruto) __knowledge__ Series creator Masashi Kishimoto developed the concept of jutsu to explain the supernatural feats that ninjas perform in the series and to provide an illustrative image of ninjas in manga.", "List of Fairy Tail characters __knowledge__ The main protagonists are Natsu Dragneel, a wizard with the powers of a dragonslayer who is searching for his adoptive dragon father Igneel, and Lucy Heartfilia, a celestial wizard who joins the Fairy Tail guild.", "List of Fairy Tail characters __knowledge__ In the early part of the series, they form a team including: Happy, a flying cat and best friend of Natsu; Gray Fullbuster, an ice wizard; and Erza Scarlet, a knight who specializes in using various magic weapons and armors.", "List of Fairy Tail characters __knowledge__ Throughout the series, Lucy and Natsu interact with and befriend other wizards and guilds in Fiore.", "List of Fairy Tail characters __knowledge__ They also encounter various antagonists from illegal \"dark\" guilds, and Zeref, an ancient wizard who is the series' main antagonist.", "Monster Kingdom: Jewel Summoner __knowledge__ Monster Kingdom: Jewel Summoner is a turn-based role-playing video game developed by Gaia and published by Sony Computer Entertainment and Atlus for the PlayStation Portable console.", "Monster Kingdom: Jewel Summoner __knowledge__ The game was released in February 2006 in Japan and in February 2007 in North America.", "Monster Kingdom: Jewel Summoner __knowledge__ The game takes place in a world where monsters and human beings once lived in harmony.", "Monster Kingdom: Jewel Summoner __knowledge__ The monsters were hunted and many of them were eventually imprisoned in devices called \"jewels\".", "Monster Kingdom: Jewel Summoner __knowledge__ Once trapped in a jewel, a monster becomes tame and servile to the owner of the jewel, allowing human warriors, called Jewel Summoners, to use them in combat against other monsters.", "Shin Megami Tensei: Devil Summoner: Raidou Kuzunoha vs. The Soulless Army __knowledge__ Shin Megami Tensei: Devil Summoner: Raidou Kuzunoha vs.", "Shin Megami Tensei: Devil Summoner: Raidou Kuzunoha vs. The Soulless Army __knowledge__ The Soulless Army is an action role-playing game developed by Atlus for the PlayStation 2.", "Shin Megami Tensei: Devil Summoner: Raidou Kuzunoha vs. The Soulless Army __knowledge__ The game is the third in the \"\" series, which is a part of the larger \"Megami Tensei\" franchise.", "Shin Megami Tensei: Devil Summoner: Raidou Kuzunoha vs. The Soulless Army __knowledge__ It was published by Atlus in Japan and North America in 2006, and in Europe the following year.", "Shin Megami Tensei: Devil Summoner: Raidou Kuzunoha vs. The Soulless Army __knowledge__ The game differs from the two previous \"Devil Summoner\" titles in having real-time battles and a named protagonist and is first in the entire franchise to be set in the past – specifically the year 1931, the fictional twentieth year of the Taishō period of Japan, wherein it deals with historical figures such as Grigori Rasputin in addition to the \"Shin Megami Tensei\" series' traditional use of real-world mythological figures.", "Marvel: Contest of Champions __knowledge__ Marvel Contest of Champions is a 2014 free-to-play mobile fighting game developed and published by Kabam.", "Marvel: Contest of Champions __knowledge__ It was released on December 10, 2014 for iOS and Android.", "Marvel: Contest of Champions __knowledge__ The fighting game is primarily set in the Marvel Universe.", "Marvel: Contest of Champions __knowledge__ The game is loosely based on the events of the limited series \"Contest of Champions\".", "Marvel: Contest of Champions __knowledge__ Players assume the role of a Summoner, tasked by The Collector to build a team of Marvel heroes and villains and pit them against one another in combat.", "Marvel: Contest of Champions __knowledge__ Gameplay is similar to that of \"\" and \"Mortal Kombat X,\" where the game's fighting arena is rendered in 3D with a 2D plane for the superheroes' movements and actions.", "Shin Megami Tensei: Devil Summoner __knowledge__ Shin Megami Tensei: Devil Summoner is a role-playing video game developed and published by Atlus.", "Shin Megami Tensei: Devil Summoner __knowledge__ Forming part of the \"Megami Tensei\" series, it is the first title in the \"Devil Summoner\" subseries.", "Shin Megami Tensei: Devil Summoner __knowledge__ It was first released for the Sega Saturn in December 1995, and received a port to the PlayStation Portable in December 2005.", "Shin Megami Tensei: Devil Summoner __knowledge__ Despite reports of it being planned for localization, neither version has been released outside Japan.", "Shin Megami Tensei: Devil Summoner __knowledge__ Set in the city of Hirasaki in modern-day Japan, the story follows a college student whose death at the hands of demons forces his soul into the body of Summoner Kyouji Kuzunoha." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 3, 8 ]

[ "Do you know that Leagues of Legend is League of Legends (abbreviated LoL) is a multiplayer online battle arena video game ", "The game was developed and published by Riot Games for Microsoft Windows and macOS.", "You are the character my friend!. players assume the role of an unseen \"summoner\" that controls a \"champion\" with unique abilities ", "No, \"League of Legends\" was the most played PC game in North America " ]

[ "League of Legends", "League of Legends", "League of Legends", "League of Legends" ]

[ "Candy\nThere's something about candy that makes it so irresistible, what's your favorite type?", "I never thought of nuts with honey on them as candy. What are some characteristics of candy that make it candy?", "Are there some bizarre specimens of candy out there at feature sugar, but some people may not recognize as candy? I guess I'm asking what's some super exotic examples of candy?", "Candied yams?!? Wow who eats that... What might be some categories of candy. I imagine Chocolate might be one.", "Cacao seeds? I know that chocolate is also related to coco. What's the relation between cacao and coco?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Candy __knowledge__ Candy, also called sweets or lollies, is a confection that features sugar as a principal ingredient.", "Candy __knowledge__ The category, called \"sugar confectionery\", encompasses any sweet confection, including chocolate, chewing gum, and sugar candy.", "Candy __knowledge__ Vegetables, fruit, or nuts which have been glazed and coated with sugar are said to be \"candied\".", "Candy __knowledge__ Physically, candy is characterized by the use of a significant amount of sugar or sugar substitutes.", "Candy __knowledge__ Unlike a cake or loaf of bread that would be shared among many people, candies are usually made in smaller pieces.", "Candy __knowledge__ However, the definition of candy also depends upon how people treat the food.", "Candy __knowledge__ Unlike sweet pastries served for a dessert course at the end of a meal, candies are normally eaten casually, often with the fingers, as a snack between meals.", "Candy __knowledge__ Each culture has its own ideas of what constitutes candy rather than dessert.", "Candy __knowledge__ The same food may be a candy in one culture and a dessert in another.", "Candy __knowledge__ Candy is a sweet food product.", "Candy __knowledge__ Sugar candies include hard candies, soft candies, caramels, marshmallows, taffy, and other candies whose principal ingredient is sugar.", "Candy __knowledge__ Commercially, sugar candies are often divided into groups according to the amount of sugar they contain and their chemical structure.", "Farley's &amp; Sathers Candy Company __knowledge__ Farley's & Sathers Candy Company was created as an umbrella company to roll-up many small companies, brands and products under a common management team.", "Farley's &amp; Sathers Candy Company __knowledge__ The confectionery business segment is made up of many small companies, often with intertwined relationships and histories.", "Farley's &amp; Sathers Candy Company __knowledge__ Catterton Partners formed the Farley's & Sathers Candy Company in 2002 as a vehicle for the purchase of some of the former Farley Foods Company and Sathers Candy Company assets and brands from Kraft.", "Farley's &amp; Sathers Candy Company __knowledge__ Since that time, additional brands and businesses have been added to the roster.", "Farley's &amp; Sathers Candy Company __knowledge__ In 2012, the owners of Farley's & Sathers, L Catterton Partners, purchased Ferrara Pan Candy Company.", "Irresistible (Jessica Simpson song) __knowledge__ \"Irresistible\" is a song by American recording artist Jessica Simpson that Sony Music released on April 12, 2001, as the lead single from her second studio album of the same name.", "Irresistible (Jessica Simpson song) __knowledge__ Its title and concept were proposed by singer-songwriter Pamela Sheyne, while Arnthor Birgisson, an acquaintance of Sony chief executive officer Tommy Mottola, and his partner Anders Bagge developed the melody and co-wrote the verses with Sheyne.", "Irresistible (Jessica Simpson song) __knowledge__ The lyrics are more sexually suggestive than Simpson's previous songs.", "Irresistible (Jessica Simpson song) __knowledge__ The song, composed in the key of G sharp minor, is a mid-tempo R&B number with dance-pop, teen pop and funk influences.", "Winx (horse) __knowledge__ Winx (foaled 14 September 2011) is a champion Australian Thoroughbred racehorse.", "Winx (horse) __knowledge__ Starting in May 2015, she has won 22 consecutive stakes races at distances ranging from 1300 metres (roughly furlongs) to 2200 metres (roughly 11 furlongs).", "Winx (horse) __knowledge__ In the World's Best Racehorse Rankings, she was the second-ranked filly or mare in 2015, improving in 2016 to become both the world's top-ranked filly or mare and the world's top-ranked turf horse.", "Winx (horse) __knowledge__ She retained this ranking in 2017, when she was also inducted to the Australian Racing Hall of Fame, only the third horse to earn this honour while still in training.", "Irresistible (Jessica Simpson album) __knowledge__ Irresistible is the second studio album by American recording artist Jessica Simpson, released on May 25, 2001, through Columbia Records.", "Irresistible (Jessica Simpson album) __knowledge__ Simpson, who began working on the project in July 2000, contacted already established writers and producers to collaborate on the project, including Cory Rooney, Rodney Jerkins, and Walter Afanasieff.", "Irresistible (Jessica Simpson album) __knowledge__ In contrast to her debut album \"Sweet Kisses\" (1999), which included more ballads, \"Irresistible\" explored hip hop and R&B genres of music.", "Irresistible (Jessica Simpson album) __knowledge__ Simpson described the material as \"Mariah Carey meets Britney Spears\", indicating the soulfulness of the songs as well as their contemporary appeal.", "HMS Irresistible (1898) __knowledge__ HMS \"Irresistible\"—the fourth British Royal Navy ship of the name—was a pre-dreadnought battleship.", "HMS Irresistible (1898) __knowledge__ Commissioned in 1902, she initially served with the Mediterranean Fleet until April 1908, when she was transferred to the Channel Fleet.", "HMS Irresistible (1898) __knowledge__ Now outclassed with the emergence of the dreadnought class of ships, she entered service with the Home Fleet in 1911 following a refit.", "HMS Irresistible (1898) __knowledge__ In 1912, she was assigned to the 5th Battle Squadron.", "HMS Irresistible (1898) __knowledge__ Following the outbreak of World War I, \"Irresistible\", along with the squadron, was assigned to the Channel Fleet.", "HMS Irresistible (1898) __knowledge__ After operations with the Dover Patrol, she served in the Dardanelles Campaign, taking part in the bombardment of the Turkish forts guarding the Dardanelles.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters from Happy Tree Friends.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ There are 27 main characters, and some other supporting characters.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ To celebrate the 10th anniversary of the series in 2010, the creators of the show announced that there would be one more character added to Happy Tree Friends in the near future.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ The candidates were a sheep/lamb named Lammy and a pig named Truffles.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ The voting took place during the month of March 2010, and the winner was Lammy, who have featured in most of the latest episodes.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ Even though Truffles lost the vote, he still cameos in some episodes.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ Cuddles is a laser yellow male rabbit with pink cheeks, or a blush along with pink bunny slippers.", "TBARS __knowledge__ Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances - TBARS - are formed as a byproduct of lipid peroxidation (i.e.", "TBARS __knowledge__ as degradation products of fats) which can be detected by the TBARS assay using thiobarbituric acid as a reagent.", "TBARS __knowledge__ Because reactive oxygen species (ROS) have extremely short half-lives, they are difficult to measure directly.", "TBARS __knowledge__ Instead, what can be measured are several products of the damage produced by oxidative stress, such as TBARS.", "TBARS __knowledge__ Assay of TBARS measures malondialdehyde (MDA) present in the sample, as well as malondialdehyde generated from lipid hydroperoxides by the hydrolytic conditions of the reaction." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Candy __knowledge__ Candy, also called sweets or lollies, is a confection that features sugar as a principal ingredient.", "Candy __knowledge__ The category, called \"sugar confectionery\", encompasses any sweet confection, including chocolate, chewing gum, and sugar candy.", "Candy __knowledge__ Vegetables, fruit, or nuts which have been glazed and coated with sugar are said to be \"candied\".", "Candy __knowledge__ Physically, candy is characterized by the use of a significant amount of sugar or sugar substitutes.", "Candy __knowledge__ Unlike a cake or loaf of bread that would be shared among many people, candies are usually made in smaller pieces.", "Candy __knowledge__ However, the definition of candy also depends upon how people treat the food.", "Candy __knowledge__ Unlike sweet pastries served for a dessert course at the end of a meal, candies are normally eaten casually, often with the fingers, as a snack between meals.", "Candy __knowledge__ Each culture has its own ideas of what constitutes candy rather than dessert.", "Candy __knowledge__ The same food may be a candy in one culture and a dessert in another.", "Candy __knowledge__ Candy is a sweet food product.", "Candy __knowledge__ Sugar candies include hard candies, soft candies, caramels, marshmallows, taffy, and other candies whose principal ingredient is sugar.", "Candy __knowledge__ Commercially, sugar candies are often divided into groups according to the amount of sugar they contain and their chemical structure.", "Farley's &amp; Sathers Candy Company __knowledge__ Farley's & Sathers Candy Company was created as an umbrella company to roll-up many small companies, brands and products under a common management team.", "Farley's &amp; Sathers Candy Company __knowledge__ The confectionery business segment is made up of many small companies, often with intertwined relationships and histories.", "Farley's &amp; Sathers Candy Company __knowledge__ Catterton Partners formed the Farley's & Sathers Candy Company in 2002 as a vehicle for the purchase of some of the former Farley Foods Company and Sathers Candy Company assets and brands from Kraft.", "Farley's &amp; Sathers Candy Company __knowledge__ Since that time, additional brands and businesses have been added to the roster.", "Farley's &amp; Sathers Candy Company __knowledge__ In 2012, the owners of Farley's & Sathers, L Catterton Partners, purchased Ferrara Pan Candy Company.", "Candy making __knowledge__ Candy making is the preparation of candies and sugar confections.", "Candy making __knowledge__ Candy making includes the preparation of many various candies, such as hard candies, jelly beans, gumdrops, taffy, liquorice, cotton candy, chocolates and chocolate truffles, dragées, fudge, caramel candy and toffee.", "Candy making __knowledge__ Candy is made by dissolving sugar in water or milk to form a syrup, which is boiled until it reaches the desired concentration or starts to caramelize.", "Candy making __knowledge__ The type of candy depends on the ingredients and how long the mixture is boiled.", "Candy making __knowledge__ Candy comes in a wide variety of textures, from soft and chewy to hard and brittle.", "Candy making __knowledge__ A chocolatier is a person who prepares confectionery from chocolate, and is distinct from a chocolate maker, who creates chocolate from cacao beans and other ingredients.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas traditions vary from country to country.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas celebrations for many nations include the installing and lighting of Christmas trees, the hanging of Advent wreaths, Christmas stockings, candy canes, and the creation of Nativity scenes depicting the birth of Jesus Christ.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas carols may be sung and stories told about such figures as the Baby Jesus, St Nicholas, Santa Claus, Father Christmas, Christkind or Grandfather Frost.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ The sending and exchange of Christmas card greetings, observance of fasting and special religious observances such as a midnight Mass or Vespers on Christmas Eve, the burning of a Yule log, and the giving and receiving of presents.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "Hard Candy (Madonna album) __knowledge__ Hard Candy is the eleventh studio album by American singer and songwriter Madonna.", "Hard Candy (Madonna album) __knowledge__ It was released on April 19, 2008, by Warner Bros. Records.", "Hard Candy (Madonna album) __knowledge__ The album was her final studio album with the record company, marking the end of a 25-year recording history.", "Hard Candy (Madonna album) __knowledge__ Madonna started working on the album in early 2007, and collaborated with Justin Timberlake, Timbaland, The Neptunes and Nate \"Danja\" Hills.", "Hard Candy (Madonna album) __knowledge__ The album has an overall R&B vibe, while remaining a dance-pop record at its core.", "Hard Candy (Madonna album) __knowledge__ The Pet Shop Boys were also asked to collaborate with Madonna on the album by Warner Bros., but the record company later changed their mind and withdrew their invitation.", "Halva __knowledge__ Halva (\"halawa\", \"alva\", \"haleweh\", \"halava\", \"helava\", \"helva\", \"halwa\", \"halua\", \"aluva\", \"chalva\", \"chałwa\") is any of various dense, sweet confections served across the Middle East, South Asia, Central Asia, West Asia, the Caucasus, North Africa, the Horn of Africa, the Balkans, Central Europe, Eastern Europe, Malta and the Jewish diaspora.", "Halva __knowledge__ In some Indian cultures, the dish is known as a soup-based sweet.", "Halva __knowledge__ Identical sweets exist in other countries, such as China, though these are not generally referred to as \"halva\".", "Halva __knowledge__ In global, popular usage it means \"desserts\" or \"sweet\", and describes two types of desserts: Halva may also be based on various other ingredients, including beans, lentils, and vegetables such as carrots, pumpkins, yams and squashes.", "Cutie Honey: The Live __knowledge__ is an android girl who can transform into the titular by tapping on her heart necklace and saying the words .", "Cutie Honey: The Live __knowledge__ Her powers come from the installed in her body, also known as the .", "Cutie Honey: The Live __knowledge__ The Honey System allows the creation of objects out of thin air, allowing Honey to transform her outfit into practically any disguise.", "Cutie Honey: The Live __knowledge__ The Honey System can also reduce objects to thin air just as easily, which Honey uses as a finishing move to destroy anything she is in contact with.", "Cutie Honey: The Live __knowledge__ She possesses super-intelligence and strength, and a healing factor.", "Cutie Honey: The Live __knowledge__ Her personal emblem is a Red heart and in battle she can summon a rapier called the .", "The Jesus and Mary Chain __knowledge__ The Jesus and Mary Chain are a Scottish alternative rock band formed in East Kilbride in 1983.", "The Jesus and Mary Chain __knowledge__ The band revolves around the songwriting partnership of brothers Jim and William Reid.", "The Jesus and Mary Chain __knowledge__ After signing to independent label Creation Records, they released their first single \"Upside Down\" in 1984.", "The Jesus and Mary Chain __knowledge__ Their debut album \"Psychocandy\" was released to critical acclaim in 1985 on major label WEA.", "The Jesus and Mary Chain __knowledge__ The band went on to release five more studio albums before disbanding in 1999.", "The Jesus and Mary Chain __knowledge__ They reunited in 2007.", "The Jesus and Mary Chain __knowledge__ Brothers Jim and William Reid had been inspired to form a band as far back as 1977, having heard groups of the British punk scene; in the early 1980s they formed their own.", "Tool use by animals __knowledge__ Tools are used by animals for purposes including acquiring food and water, grooming, defense, recreation or construction.", "Tool use by animals __knowledge__ Originally thought to be a skill only possessed by humans, some tool use requires a sophisticated level of cognition.", "Tool use by animals __knowledge__ There is considerable discussion about the definition of what constitutes a tool and therefore which behaviours can be considered as true examples of tool use.", "Tool use by animals __knowledge__ A wide range of animals are considered to use tools including mammals, birds, fish, cephalopods and insects.", "Tool use by animals __knowledge__ Primates are well known for using tools for hunting or gathering food and water, cover for rain, and self-defence.", "Doughnut __knowledge__ A doughnut or donut (both: or ; see spelling differences) is a type of fried dough confectionery or dessert food.", "Doughnut __knowledge__ The doughnut is popular in many countries and prepared in various forms as a sweet snack that can be homemade or purchased in bakeries, supermarkets, food stalls, and franchised specialty vendors.", "Doughnut __knowledge__ Doughnuts are usually deep fried from a flour dough, and typically either ring-shaped or a number of shapes without a hole, and often filled, but can also be ball-shaped (the \"hole\").", "Doughnut __knowledge__ Other types of batters can also be used, and various toppings and flavorings are used for different types, such as sugar, chocolate, or maple glazing.", "Honey Nut Cheerios __knowledge__ Honey Nut Cheerios is a variation of Cheerios breakfast cereal, introduced in 1979 by the General Mills cereal company.", "Honey Nut Cheerios __knowledge__ The second variation from the original Cheerios, it is sweeter than the original, with a honey and almond flavor.", "Honey Nut Cheerios __knowledge__ While this product used to be made with actual nuts, as of 2006, the nuts were discontinued, and natural flavor, from peach and apricot pit, is used instead.", "Honey Nut Cheerios __knowledge__ Honey Nut Cheerios is the best-selling cereal in the United States.", "Honey Nut Cheerios __knowledge__ Their mascot is an anthropomorphic bee, designed for the first commercials by Dean Yeagle at Zander's Animation Parlour in New York City.", "Honey Nut Cheerios __knowledge__ The bee did not have a name until 2000, when Kristine Tong, a fifth grade student from Coolidge, Texas, won a national contest to name the bee, dubbing him \"BuzzBee\".", "Praline __knowledge__ Praline (; ) is a form of confection containing at a minimum nuts and sugar; cream is a common third ingredient.", "Praline __knowledge__ There are two main types: Belgian pralines consist of a chocolate shell with a softer, sometimes liquid, filling, traditionally made of different combinations of hazelnut, almonds, sugar, syrup and often milk-based pastes.", "Praline __knowledge__ These high-fat, low-melting point chocolates are at the luxury end of Belgian chocolate and represent an important product of many Belgian chocolatiers.", "Praline __knowledge__ A praline cookie is a chocolate biscuit containing ground nuts.", "Praline __knowledge__ Praline is usually used as a filling in chocolates or other sweets.", "Hiking equipment __knowledge__ Hiking equipment is the equipment taken on outdoor walking trips.", "Hiking equipment __knowledge__ Hiking is usually divided into day-hikes and multiple-day hikes, called backpacking, trekking, and walking tours.", "Hiking equipment __knowledge__ The equipment selected varies according to the duration, distance, planned activities, and the environment.", "Hiking equipment __knowledge__ Additional factors include weight and preparedness for unplanned events.", "Hiking equipment __knowledge__ The level of preparedness can relate to remoteness and potential hazards; for example, a short day hike across farmland or trekking in the Himalayas.", "Hiking equipment __knowledge__ The length and duration of a walk can influence the amount of weight carried.", "Hiking equipment __knowledge__ The nature of a hike is both by the natural environment and the applicable government regulations and hikers plan accordingly when considering equipment." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Candy __knowledge__ Candy, also called sweets or lollies, is a confection that features sugar as a principal ingredient.", "Candy __knowledge__ The category, called \"sugar confectionery\", encompasses any sweet confection, including chocolate, chewing gum, and sugar candy.", "Candy __knowledge__ Vegetables, fruit, or nuts which have been glazed and coated with sugar are said to be \"candied\".", "Candy __knowledge__ Physically, candy is characterized by the use of a significant amount of sugar or sugar substitutes.", "Candy __knowledge__ Unlike a cake or loaf of bread that would be shared among many people, candies are usually made in smaller pieces.", "Candy __knowledge__ However, the definition of candy also depends upon how people treat the food.", "Candy __knowledge__ Unlike sweet pastries served for a dessert course at the end of a meal, candies are normally eaten casually, often with the fingers, as a snack between meals.", "Candy __knowledge__ Each culture has its own ideas of what constitutes candy rather than dessert.", "Candy __knowledge__ The same food may be a candy in one culture and a dessert in another.", "Candy __knowledge__ Candy is a sweet food product.", "Candy __knowledge__ Sugar candies include hard candies, soft candies, caramels, marshmallows, taffy, and other candies whose principal ingredient is sugar.", "Candy __knowledge__ Commercially, sugar candies are often divided into groups according to the amount of sugar they contain and their chemical structure.", "Farley's &amp; Sathers Candy Company __knowledge__ Farley's & Sathers Candy Company was created as an umbrella company to roll-up many small companies, brands and products under a common management team.", "Farley's &amp; Sathers Candy Company __knowledge__ The confectionery business segment is made up of many small companies, often with intertwined relationships and histories.", "Farley's &amp; Sathers Candy Company __knowledge__ Catterton Partners formed the Farley's & Sathers Candy Company in 2002 as a vehicle for the purchase of some of the former Farley Foods Company and Sathers Candy Company assets and brands from Kraft.", "Farley's &amp; Sathers Candy Company __knowledge__ Since that time, additional brands and businesses have been added to the roster.", "Farley's &amp; Sathers Candy Company __knowledge__ In 2012, the owners of Farley's & Sathers, L Catterton Partners, purchased Ferrara Pan Candy Company.", "Candy making __knowledge__ Candy making is the preparation of candies and sugar confections.", "Candy making __knowledge__ Candy making includes the preparation of many various candies, such as hard candies, jelly beans, gumdrops, taffy, liquorice, cotton candy, chocolates and chocolate truffles, dragées, fudge, caramel candy and toffee.", "Candy making __knowledge__ Candy is made by dissolving sugar in water or milk to form a syrup, which is boiled until it reaches the desired concentration or starts to caramelize.", "Candy making __knowledge__ The type of candy depends on the ingredients and how long the mixture is boiled.", "Candy making __knowledge__ Candy comes in a wide variety of textures, from soft and chewy to hard and brittle.", "Candy making __knowledge__ A chocolatier is a person who prepares confectionery from chocolate, and is distinct from a chocolate maker, who creates chocolate from cacao beans and other ingredients.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The following is a list of recurring games, sketches, and other comedy routines from the NBC late night talk show \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\", and its predecessor, \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The sketches feature host Jimmy Fallon, house band The Roots, announcer/sidekick Steve Higgins, the show's writers, celebrity guests, and audience members.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Most of the skits below appeared only on \"Late Night\", while some have carried over to the \"Tonight Show\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Every Tuesday on the show, Jimmy weighs the pros and cons of a topic that's currently in the news, with the pros being the setups and the cons being the punchlines.", "Hard Candy (Madonna album) __knowledge__ Hard Candy is the eleventh studio album by American singer and songwriter Madonna.", "Hard Candy (Madonna album) __knowledge__ It was released on April 19, 2008, by Warner Bros. Records.", "Hard Candy (Madonna album) __knowledge__ The album was her final studio album with the record company, marking the end of a 25-year recording history.", "Hard Candy (Madonna album) __knowledge__ Madonna started working on the album in early 2007, and collaborated with Justin Timberlake, Timbaland, The Neptunes and Nate \"Danja\" Hills.", "Hard Candy (Madonna album) __knowledge__ The album has an overall R&B vibe, while remaining a dance-pop record at its core.", "Hard Candy (Madonna album) __knowledge__ The Pet Shop Boys were also asked to collaborate with Madonna on the album by Warner Bros., but the record company later changed their mind and withdrew their invitation.", "Dragon's beard candy __knowledge__ Dragon's beard candy (or Chinese cotton candy) is a handmade traditional art of China.", "Dragon's beard candy __knowledge__ It is also a traditional Chinese sweet similar to floss halva or spun sugar, which can be found in many Chinese communities.", "Dragon's beard candy __knowledge__ Dragon's Beard Candy was initially created in China, but soon spread in popularity and became a regional delicacy in other parts of East Asia, as well as (and more recently) Canada, Singapore, the United States, Taiwan, Macau, and Japan.", "Dragon's beard candy __knowledge__ Dragon's Beard Candy was a highly prized sweet within the Korean royal court as well.", "Dragon's beard candy __knowledge__ Dragon's beard candy has been described as an old-fashioned candy characterized by a \"rich, sweet flavor\" with a threaded, chewy texture.", "Cotton candy __knowledge__ Cotton candy (also known as fairy floss in Australia and candy floss in South Africa, the UK, and New Zealand) is a form of spun sugar.", "Cotton candy __knowledge__ According to the \"New York Times\", the confection \"is 100 percent sugar, with dashes of flavoring and food coloring.\"", "Cotton candy __knowledge__ Made by heating and liquefying sugar and spinning it out through minute holes, where it resolidifies in minutely thin strands of \"sugar glass\", the final cotton candy contains mostly air, with a typical serving weighing around 1 ounce or 30 grams.", "Cotton candy __knowledge__ Often served at fairs, circuses, carnivals, and Japanese festivals, cotton candy is sold on a stick or in a plastic bag.", "Doughnut __knowledge__ A doughnut or donut (both: or ; see spelling differences) is a type of fried dough confectionery or dessert food.", "Doughnut __knowledge__ The doughnut is popular in many countries and prepared in various forms as a sweet snack that can be homemade or purchased in bakeries, supermarkets, food stalls, and franchised specialty vendors.", "Doughnut __knowledge__ Doughnuts are usually deep fried from a flour dough, and typically either ring-shaped or a number of shapes without a hole, and often filled, but can also be ball-shaped (the \"hole\").", "Doughnut __knowledge__ Other types of batters can also be used, and various toppings and flavorings are used for different types, such as sugar, chocolate, or maple glazing.", "Mister Donut __knowledge__ In 1955, Harry Winokur worked with brother-in-law William Rosenberg, the founder of Dunkin' Donuts.", "Mister Donut __knowledge__ After Winokur broke his partnership with Rosenberg, he went on to create Mister Donut with his son-in-law David Slater in 1955, with stores in most of North America.", "Mister Donut __knowledge__ The Mister Donut business became so popular that Winokur and Slater decided to go into franchising.", "Mister Donut __knowledge__ As a result, Mister Donut began a rapid expansion that resulted in the opening of 275 stores in the U.S. and Canada.", "Mister Donut __knowledge__ In 1970, Minneapolis-based International Multifoods Corporation, one of the world's largest and most successful food companies, acquired Mister Donut and its franchising concept from Winokur.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ Filipino cuisine (Filipino: \"Lutuing Filipino\" or \"Pagkaing Filipino\") is composed of the cuisines of 135 distinct ethno-linguistic tribes found within the Philippine archipelago, however, majority of mainstream Filipino dishes that compose Filipino cuisine are from the cuisines of the Bikol, Chabakano, Hiligaynon, Ilokano, Kapampangan, Meranaw, Pangasinan, Sebwano (or Bisaya), Tagalog, and Waray ethno-linguistic tribes.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ The style of cooking and the food associated with it have evolved over many centuries from their Austronesian origins (shared with Malaysian and Indonesian cuisines) to a mixed cuisine of Indian, Chinese, Spanish, and American influences, in line with the major waves of influence that had enriched the cultures of the archipelago, as well as others adapted to indigenous ingredients and the local palate.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Mustang District __knowledge__ Mustang District (), a part of Province No.", "Mustang District __knowledge__ 4 in Dhawalagiri Zone of northern Nepal, is one of the seventy-five districts of Nepal.", "Mustang District __knowledge__ The district, with Jomsom as its headquarters, covers an area of 3,573 km² and has a population (2011) of 13,452.", "Mustang District __knowledge__ The district straddles the Himalayas and extends northward onto the Tibetan plateau.", "Mustang District __knowledge__ Mustang is one of the remotest areas in Nepal and is second in terms of the sparsity of population.", "Mustang District __knowledge__ Mustand is an ancient forbidden kingdom, boredred by the Tibetan plateau and sheltered by some of world's tallest peaks, including 8000-meter tall Annapurna and Dhaulagiri." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Candy __knowledge__ Candy, also called sweets or lollies, is a confection that features sugar as a principal ingredient.", "Candy __knowledge__ The category, called \"sugar confectionery\", encompasses any sweet confection, including chocolate, chewing gum, and sugar candy.", "Candy __knowledge__ Vegetables, fruit, or nuts which have been glazed and coated with sugar are said to be \"candied\".", "Candy __knowledge__ Physically, candy is characterized by the use of a significant amount of sugar or sugar substitutes.", "Candy __knowledge__ Unlike a cake or loaf of bread that would be shared among many people, candies are usually made in smaller pieces.", "Candy __knowledge__ However, the definition of candy also depends upon how people treat the food.", "Candy __knowledge__ Unlike sweet pastries served for a dessert course at the end of a meal, candies are normally eaten casually, often with the fingers, as a snack between meals.", "Candy __knowledge__ Each culture has its own ideas of what constitutes candy rather than dessert.", "Candy __knowledge__ The same food may be a candy in one culture and a dessert in another.", "Candy __knowledge__ Candy is a sweet food product.", "Candy __knowledge__ Sugar candies include hard candies, soft candies, caramels, marshmallows, taffy, and other candies whose principal ingredient is sugar.", "Candy __knowledge__ Commercially, sugar candies are often divided into groups according to the amount of sugar they contain and their chemical structure.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Chocolate is a typically sweet, usually brown food preparation of \"Theobroma cacao\" seeds, roasted and ground.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ It is made in the form of a liquid, paste, or in a block, or used as a flavoring ingredient in other foods.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Cacao has been cultivated by many cultures for at least three millennia in Mesoamerica.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The earliest evidence of use traces to the Olmecs (Mexico), with evidence of chocolate beverages dating back to 1900 BCE.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ In fact, the majority of Mesoamerican people made chocolate beverages, including the Maya and Aztecs, who made it into a beverage known as \"xocolātl\" , a Nahuatl word meaning \"bitter water\".", "Health effects of chocolate __knowledge__ The health effects of chocolate are the possible positive and negative effects on health of eating chocolate.", "Health effects of chocolate __knowledge__ Unconstrained consumption of large quantities of any energy-rich food, such as chocolate, without a corresponding increase in activity, increases the risk of obesity.", "Health effects of chocolate __knowledge__ Raw chocolate is high in cocoa butter, a fat removed during chocolate refining, then added back in varying proportions during manufacturing.", "Health effects of chocolate __knowledge__ Manufacturers may add other fats, sugars, and powdered milk as well.", "Health effects of chocolate __knowledge__ Although considerable research has been conducted to evaluate the potential health benefits of consuming chocolate, there are insufficient studies to confirm any effect and no medical or regulatory authority has approved any health claim.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ Filipino cuisine (Filipino: \"Lutuing Filipino\" or \"Pagkaing Filipino\") is composed of the cuisines of 135 distinct ethno-linguistic tribes found within the Philippine archipelago, however, majority of mainstream Filipino dishes that compose Filipino cuisine are from the cuisines of the Bikol, Chabakano, Hiligaynon, Ilokano, Kapampangan, Meranaw, Pangasinan, Sebwano (or Bisaya), Tagalog, and Waray ethno-linguistic tribes.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ The style of cooking and the food associated with it have evolved over many centuries from their Austronesian origins (shared with Malaysian and Indonesian cuisines) to a mixed cuisine of Indian, Chinese, Spanish, and American influences, in line with the major waves of influence that had enriched the cultures of the archipelago, as well as others adapted to indigenous ingredients and the local palate.", "Yam (vegetable) __knowledge__ Yam is the common name for some plant species in the genus \"Dioscorea\" (family Dioscoreaceae) that form edible tubers.", "Yam (vegetable) __knowledge__ Yams are perennial herbaceous vines cultivated for the consumption of their starchy tubers in many temperate and subtropical world regions.", "Yam (vegetable) __knowledge__ The tubers themselves are also called \"yams\", having numerous cultivars and related species.", "Yam (vegetable) __knowledge__ In parts of the United States and Canada, \"yam\" is sometimes used to refer to varieties of the unrelated sweet potato (\"Ipomoea batatas\").", "Yam (vegetable) __knowledge__ The name, yam, appears to derive from Portuguese \"inhame\" or Canarian (Spain) \"ñame\", which are probably derived from West African languages.", "Farley's &amp; Sathers Candy Company __knowledge__ Farley's & Sathers Candy Company was created as an umbrella company to roll-up many small companies, brands and products under a common management team.", "Farley's &amp; Sathers Candy Company __knowledge__ The confectionery business segment is made up of many small companies, often with intertwined relationships and histories.", "Farley's &amp; Sathers Candy Company __knowledge__ Catterton Partners formed the Farley's & Sathers Candy Company in 2002 as a vehicle for the purchase of some of the former Farley Foods Company and Sathers Candy Company assets and brands from Kraft.", "Farley's &amp; Sathers Candy Company __knowledge__ Since that time, additional brands and businesses have been added to the roster.", "Farley's &amp; Sathers Candy Company __knowledge__ In 2012, the owners of Farley's & Sathers, L Catterton Partners, purchased Ferrara Pan Candy Company.", "Confectionery __knowledge__ Confectionery is a collective term for sweets/candy and chocolate.", "Confectionery __knowledge__ A broader definition includes pastry and thus distinguishes bakers' confections (cakes and pastries) from sugar confections (including chocolates, but not explicitly ice-cream).", "Confectionery __knowledge__ This broader definition of confectionery is equivalent to the archaic term sweetmeat.", "Confectionery __knowledge__ Bakers' confectionery, also called flour confections, includes principally sweet pastries, cakes, and similar baked goods.", "Confectionery __knowledge__ In the Middle East and Asia, flour-based confections predominate.", "Confectionery __knowledge__ Sugar confectionery includes sweets/candy, candied nuts, chocolates, chewing gum, pastillage, and other confections that are made primarily of sugar.", "Sweet potato __knowledge__ The sweet potato (\"Ipomoea batatas\") is a dicotyledonous plant that belongs to the bindweed or morning glory family, Convolvulaceae.", "Sweet potato __knowledge__ Its large, starchy, sweet-tasting, tuberous roots are a root vegetable.", "Sweet potato __knowledge__ The young leaves and shoots are sometimes eaten as greens.", "Sweet potato __knowledge__ The sweet potato is only distantly related to the potato (\"Solanum tuberosum\") and does not belong to the nightshade family, Solanaceae, but both families belong to the same taxonomic order, the Solanales.", "Sweet potato __knowledge__ The plant is a herbaceous perennial vine, bearing alternate heart-shaped or palmately lobed leaves and medium-sized sympetalous flowers.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ A great variety of cassava-based dishes are consumed in the regions where cassava (manioc, \"Manihot esculenta\") is cultivated, and they include many national or ethnic specialities.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ As a food ingredient, cassava root is somewhat similar to the potato, in that, like the potato, it is starchy, inedible when raw, and bland in flavor when cooked.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ Indeed, cassava can replace the potato in many dishes and can be prepared in similar ways – it can be boiled, mashed, fried or baked.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ Unlike the potato, however, cassava is mostly a tropical crop, and its peculiar characteristics have led to some unique recipes, such as sweet puddings, which have no common potato version.", "Sweet potato storage __knowledge__ The sweet potato (\"Ipomoea batatas\") is a very important crop for subsistence farmers in Africa and other developing countries.", "Sweet potato storage __knowledge__ Due to its relatively short growing period, tolerance to drought and high yield from poor soils, it is used as a famine reserve for many of these households.", "Sweet potato storage __knowledge__ However it is a highly perishable food source that is susceptible to destruction by microorganisms, metabolic spoilage, physical destruction and pests.", "Sweet potato storage __knowledge__ As such they are not generally stored for extended periods of time following harvest.", "Sweet potato storage __knowledge__ This is a major barrier for the optimal use of the crop and causes a lot of waste.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "List of sweet potato cultivars __knowledge__ This list of sweet potato cultivars provides some information about varieties and cultivars of sweet potato (\"Ipomoea batatas\").", "List of sweet potato cultivars __knowledge__ Sweet potato was first domesticated in the Americas more than 5,000 years ago.", "List of sweet potato cultivars __knowledge__ As of 2013, there are approximately 7,000 sweet potato cultivars.", "List of sweet potato cultivars __knowledge__ People grow sweet potato in many parts of the world, including New Zealand, Australia, the Philippines, Japan, Hawaii, China, and North America.", "List of sweet potato cultivars __knowledge__ However, sweet potato is not widely cultivated in Europe.", "List of sweet potato cultivars __knowledge__ People breed sweet potatoes mainly either for food (their nutritious storage roots) or for their attractive flowering vines.", "Cuisine of Hawaii __knowledge__ The cuisine of Hawaii incorporates five distinct styles of food reflecting the diverse food history of settlement and immigration in the Hawaiian Islands.", "Cuisine of Hawaii __knowledge__ In the pre-contact period of Ancient Hawaii (300 AD–1778), Polynesian voyagers brought plants and animals to the Islands.", "Cuisine of Hawaii __knowledge__ As Native Hawaiians settled the area, they fished, raised taro for \"poi\", planted coconuts, sugarcane, sweet potatoes and yams, and cooked meat and fish in earth ovens.", "Cuisine of Hawaii __knowledge__ After first contact in 1778, European and American cuisine arrived along with missionaries and whalers, who introduced their own foods and built large sugarcane plantations." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Candy __knowledge__ Candy, also called sweets or lollies, is a confection that features sugar as a principal ingredient.", "Candy __knowledge__ The category, called \"sugar confectionery\", encompasses any sweet confection, including chocolate, chewing gum, and sugar candy.", "Candy __knowledge__ Vegetables, fruit, or nuts which have been glazed and coated with sugar are said to be \"candied\".", "Candy __knowledge__ Physically, candy is characterized by the use of a significant amount of sugar or sugar substitutes.", "Candy __knowledge__ Unlike a cake or loaf of bread that would be shared among many people, candies are usually made in smaller pieces.", "Candy __knowledge__ However, the definition of candy also depends upon how people treat the food.", "Candy __knowledge__ Unlike sweet pastries served for a dessert course at the end of a meal, candies are normally eaten casually, often with the fingers, as a snack between meals.", "Candy __knowledge__ Each culture has its own ideas of what constitutes candy rather than dessert.", "Candy __knowledge__ The same food may be a candy in one culture and a dessert in another.", "Candy __knowledge__ Candy is a sweet food product.", "Candy __knowledge__ Sugar candies include hard candies, soft candies, caramels, marshmallows, taffy, and other candies whose principal ingredient is sugar.", "Candy __knowledge__ Commercially, sugar candies are often divided into groups according to the amount of sugar they contain and their chemical structure.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Chocolate is a typically sweet, usually brown food preparation of \"Theobroma cacao\" seeds, roasted and ground.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ It is made in the form of a liquid, paste, or in a block, or used as a flavoring ingredient in other foods.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Cacao has been cultivated by many cultures for at least three millennia in Mesoamerica.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The earliest evidence of use traces to the Olmecs (Mexico), with evidence of chocolate beverages dating back to 1900 BCE.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ In fact, the majority of Mesoamerican people made chocolate beverages, including the Maya and Aztecs, who made it into a beverage known as \"xocolātl\" , a Nahuatl word meaning \"bitter water\".", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ The chocolate industry in the Philippines evidences the agricultural roots of the Philippine society.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ The growing of cacao or cocoa boasts a long history stretching from the colonial times.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ Originating from Mesoamerican forests, cacao was first introduced by the Spanish colonizers four centuries ago.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ Since then the Philippine cocoa industry has been the primary producer of cocoa beans in the Southeast Asia.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ There are many areas of production of cacao in the Philippines, owing to its agriculture.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ The chocolate industry is currently on a small to medium scale.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ The word “chocolate” as we know it today was spelled in different ways throughout time, in different ways such as “chocalatall,” “jocolatte,” “jacolatte,” and “chockelet.” It is a derivative of the word \"cacahuatl\" or \"xocoatl\", a bitter drink the Aztecs brewed from cacao beans mixed with spices, wine, and other local ingredients that can be traced back to Pre-Columbian Mexico.", "Theobroma cacao __knowledge__ Theobroma cacao, also called the cacao tree and the cocoa tree, is a small ( tall) evergreen tree in the family Malvaceae, native to the deep tropical regions of Central and South America.", "Theobroma cacao __knowledge__ Its seeds, cocoa beans, are used to make cocoa mass, cocoa powder, confectionery, ganache and chocolate.", "Theobroma cacao __knowledge__ Leaves are alternate, entire, unlobed, long and broad.", "Theobroma cacao __knowledge__ The flowers are produced in clusters directly on the trunk and older branches; this is known as cauliflory.", "Theobroma cacao __knowledge__ The flowers are small, diameter, with pink calyx.", "Theobroma cacao __knowledge__ The floral formula is ✶ K5 C5 A(5°+5²) (5).", "Theobroma cacao __knowledge__ While many of the world's flowers are pollinated by bees (Hymenoptera) or butterflies/moths (Lepidoptera), cacao flowers are pollinated by tiny flies, \"Forcipomyia\" midges in the subfamily Forcipomyiinae.", "History of chocolate __knowledge__ The history of chocolate begins in Mesoamerica.", "History of chocolate __knowledge__ Fermented beverages made from chocolate date back to 1900 BC.", "History of chocolate __knowledge__ The Aztecs believed that cacao seeds were the gift of Quetzalcoatl, the god of wisdom, and the seeds once had so much value that they were used as a form of currency.", "History of chocolate __knowledge__ Originally prepared only as a drink, chocolate was served as a bitter, from a liquid, mixed with spices or corn puree.", "History of chocolate __knowledge__ It was believed to have aphrodisiac powers and to give the drinker strength.", "History of chocolate __knowledge__ Today, such drinks are also known as \"Chilate\" and are made by locals in the South of Mexico.", "History of chocolate __knowledge__ After its arrival to Europe in the sixteenth century, sugar was added to it, rendering it an aphrodisiac, and it became popular throughout society, first among the ruling classes and then among the common people.", "Cocoa bean __knowledge__ The cocoa bean, also called cacao bean, cocoa (), and cacao (), is the dried and fully fermented seed of \"Theobroma cacao\", from which cocoa solids and, because of the seed's fat, cocoa butter can be extracted.", "Cocoa bean __knowledge__ The beans are the basis of chocolate, and of such Mesoamerican foods as \"mole\" and \"tejate\".", "Cocoa bean __knowledge__ The word \"cocoa\" comes from the Spanish word \"cacao\", which is derived from the Nahuatl word \"cacahuatl\".", "Cocoa bean __knowledge__ The Nahuatl word, in turn, ultimately derives from the reconstructed Proto Mije-Sokean word \"*kakaw~*kakawa\".", "Cocoa bean __knowledge__ The term \"cocoa\" also means The cacao tree is native to the Americas.", "Cocoa bean __knowledge__ It originated in Central America and parts of Mexico.", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ Hot chocolate, also known as hot cocoa, drinking chocolate or just cocoa is a heated beverage consisting of shaved chocolate, melted chocolate or cocoa powder, heated milk or water, and usually a sweetener.", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ Hot chocolate may be topped with whipped cream.", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ Hot chocolate made with melted chocolate is sometimes called drinking chocolate, characterized by less sweetness and a thicker consistency.", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ The first chocolate beverage is believed to have been created by the Mayans around 2,500-3,000 years ago, and a cocoa beverage was an essential part of Aztec culture by 1400 AD, by which they referred to as xocōlātl.", "History of chocolate in Spain __knowledge__ The history of chocolate in Spain is part of the culinary history of Spain as understood since the 16th century, when the colonization of the Americas began and the cocoa plant was discovered in regions of Mesoamerica, until the present.", "History of chocolate in Spain __knowledge__ After the conquest of Mexico, cocoa as a commodity travelled by boat from the port of Nueva España to the Spanish coast.", "History of chocolate in Spain __knowledge__ The first such voyage to Europe occurred at an unknown date in the 1520s.", "History of chocolate in Spain __knowledge__ However it was only in the 17th century that regular trade began from the port of Veracruz, opening a maritime trade route that would supply the new demand from Spain, and later from other European countries." ] ]

[ 3, 1, 10, 13, 39 ]

[ "I like honey coated nuts. At least I get some protein", "Candy features sugar as a principle ingredient, like even a donut", "If we can include all sweet food products, I would say candied yams or sweet potatoes count", "Chocolate is made of cacao seeds.", "The cocoa bean is also called thecacao bean and there are seeds therein" ]

[ "Candy", "Candy", "Candy", "Candy", "Candy" ]

[ "Blue", "What are the other primary color pigments?", "What else do you know about the light spectrum?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue is one of the three primary colours of pigments in painting and traditional colour theory, as well as in the RGB colour model.", "Blue __knowledge__ It lies between violet and green on the spectrum of visible light.", "Blue __knowledge__ The eye perceives blue when observing light with a dominant wavelength between approximately 450 and 495 nanometres.", "Blue __knowledge__ Most blues contain a slight mixture of other colors; azure contains some green, while ultramarine contains some violet.", "Blue __knowledge__ The clear daytime sky and the deep sea appear blue because of an optical effect known as Rayleigh scattering.", "Blue __knowledge__ An optical effect called Tyndall scattering explains blue eyes.", "Blue __knowledge__ Distant objects appear more blue because of another optical effect called atmospheric perspective.", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue has been an important colour in art and decoration since ancient times.", "Blue __knowledge__ The semi-precious stone lapis lazuli was used in ancient Egypt for jewellery and ornament and later, in The Renaissance, to make the pigment ultramarine, the most expensive of all pigments.", "Blue __knowledge__ In the eighth century Chinese artists used cobalt blue to colour fine blue and white porcelain.", "Blue __knowledge__ In the Middle Ages, European artists used it in the windows of Cathedrals.", "Blue __knowledge__ Europeans wore clothing coloured with the vegetable dye woad until it was replaced by the finer indigo from America." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue is one of the three primary colours of pigments in painting and traditional colour theory, as well as in the RGB colour model.", "Blue __knowledge__ It lies between violet and green on the spectrum of visible light.", "Blue __knowledge__ The eye perceives blue when observing light with a dominant wavelength between approximately 450 and 495 nanometres.", "Blue __knowledge__ Most blues contain a slight mixture of other colors; azure contains some green, while ultramarine contains some violet.", "Blue __knowledge__ The clear daytime sky and the deep sea appear blue because of an optical effect known as Rayleigh scattering.", "Blue __knowledge__ An optical effect called Tyndall scattering explains blue eyes.", "Blue __knowledge__ Distant objects appear more blue because of another optical effect called atmospheric perspective.", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue has been an important colour in art and decoration since ancient times.", "Blue __knowledge__ The semi-precious stone lapis lazuli was used in ancient Egypt for jewellery and ornament and later, in The Renaissance, to make the pigment ultramarine, the most expensive of all pigments.", "Blue __knowledge__ In the eighth century Chinese artists used cobalt blue to colour fine blue and white porcelain.", "Blue __knowledge__ In the Middle Ages, European artists used it in the windows of Cathedrals.", "Blue __knowledge__ Europeans wore clothing coloured with the vegetable dye woad until it was replaced by the finer indigo from America.", "Biological pigment __knowledge__ Biological pigments, also known simply as pigments or biochromes, are substances produced by living organisms that have a color resulting from selective color absorption.", "Biological pigment __knowledge__ Biological pigments include plant pigments and flower pigments.", "Biological pigment __knowledge__ Many biological structures, such as skin, eyes, feathers, fur and hair contain pigments such as melanin in specialized cells called chromatophores.", "Biological pigment __knowledge__ Pigment color differs from structural color in that it is the same for all viewing angles, whereas structural color is the result of selective reflection or iridescence, usually because of multilayer structures.", "Biological pigment __knowledge__ For example, butterfly wings typically contain structural color, although many butterflies have cells that contain pigment as well.", "Red __knowledge__ Red is the colour at the end of the visible spectrum of light, next to orange and opposite violet.", "Red __knowledge__ It has a dominant wavelength of approximately 625–740 nanometres.", "Red __knowledge__ It is a primary color in the RGB color model and the CMYK color model, and is the complementary color of cyan.", "Red __knowledge__ Reds range from the brilliant yellow-tinged scarlet and vermillion to bluish-red crimson, and vary in shade from the pale red pink to the dark red burgundy.", "Red __knowledge__ The red sky at sunset results from Rayleigh scattering, while the red color of the Grand Canyon and other geological features is caused by hematite or red ochre, both forms of iron oxide.", "Color theory __knowledge__ In the visual arts, color theory or colour theory is a body of practical guidance to color mixing and the visual effects of a specific color combination.", "Color theory __knowledge__ There are also definitions (or categories) of colors based on the color wheel: primary color, secondary color and tertiary color.", "Color theory __knowledge__ Although color theory principles first appeared in the writings of Leone Battista Alberti (c.1435) and the notebooks of Leonardo da Vinci (c.1490), a tradition of \"colory theory\" began in the 18th century, initially within a partisan controversy over Isaac Newton's theory of color (\"Opticks\", 1704) and the nature of primary colors.", "Shades of green __knowledge__ Varieties of the color green may differ in hue, chroma (also called saturation or intensity) or lightness (or value, tone, or brightness), or in two or three of these qualities.", "Shades of green __knowledge__ Variations in value are also called tints and shades, a tint being a green or other hue mixed with white, a shade being mixed with black.", "Shades of green __knowledge__ A large selection of these various colors is shown below.", "Shades of green __knowledge__ Green is common in nature, especially in plants.", "Shades of green __knowledge__ Many plants are green mainly because of a complex chemical known as chlorophyll which is involved in photosynthesis.", "Shades of green __knowledge__ Many shades of green have been named after plants or are related to plants.", "RGB color model __knowledge__ The RGB color model is an additive color model in which red, green and blue light are added together in various ways to reproduce a broad array of colors.", "RGB color model __knowledge__ The name of the model comes from the initials of the three additive primary colors, red, green, and blue.", "RGB color model __knowledge__ The main purpose of the RGB color model is for the sensing, representation and display of images in electronic systems, such as televisions and computers, though it has also been used in conventional photography.", "RGB color model __knowledge__ Before the electronic age, the RGB color model already had a solid theory behind it, based in human perception of colors.", "RGB color model __knowledge__ RGB is a \"device-dependent\" color model: different devices detect or reproduce a given RGB value differently, since the color elements (such as phosphors or dyes) and their response to the individual R, G, and B levels vary from manufacturer to manufacturer, or even in the same device over time.", "Primary color __knowledge__ A set of primary colors is, most tangibly, a set of \"real\" physical pigmented media or colored lights that can be combined in varying amounts to produce a \"gamut\" of colors.", "Primary color __knowledge__ This is the essential method used in applications that are intended to elicit the perception of diverse sets of color, e.g.", "Primary color __knowledge__ electronic displays, color printing, and paintings.", "Primary color __knowledge__ Perceptions associated with a given combination of primary colors are predicted by applying the appropriate mixing model (additive, subtractive, additive averaging etc.)", "Primary color __knowledge__ that embodies the underlying physics of how light interacts with the media and ultimately the retina.", "Paint __knowledge__ Paint is any liquid, liquefiable, or mastic composition that, after application to a substrate in a thin layer, converts to a solid film.", "Paint __knowledge__ It is most commonly used to protect, color, or provide texture to objects.", "Paint __knowledge__ Paint can be made or purchased in many colors—and in many different types, such as watercolor, synthetic, etc.", "Paint __knowledge__ Paint is typically stored, sold, and applied as a liquid, but most types dry into a solid.", "Paint __knowledge__ In 2001 and 2004, South African archeologists reported finds in Blombos Cave of a 100,000-year-old human-made ochre-based mixture that could have been used like paint.", "Paint __knowledge__ Further excavation in the same cave resulted in the 2011 report of a complete toolkit for grinding pigments and making a primitive paint-like substance.", "Green __knowledge__ Green is the color between blue and yellow on the visible spectrum.", "Green __knowledge__ It is evoked by light which has a dominant wavelength of roughly 495570 nm.", "Green __knowledge__ In subtractive color systems, used in painting and color printing, it is created by a combination of yellow and blue, or yellow and cyan; in the RGB color model, used on television and computer screens, it is one of the additive primary colors, along with red and blue, which are mixed in different combinations to create all other colors.", "Green __knowledge__ By far the largest contributor to green in nature is chlorophyll, the chemical by which plants photosynthesize and convert sunlight into chemical energy.", "Complementary colors __knowledge__ Complementary colors are pairs of colors which, when combined, cancel each other out.", "Complementary colors __knowledge__ This means that when combined, they produce a gray-scale color like white or black.", "Complementary colors __knowledge__ When placed next to each other, they create the strongest contrast for those particular two colors.", "Complementary colors __knowledge__ Due to this striking color clash, the term opposite colors is often considered more appropriate than \"complementary colors\".", "Complementary colors __knowledge__ Which pairs of colors are considered complementary depends on the color theory one uses: On the traditional color wheel developed in the 18th century, used by Claude Monet and Vincent van Gogh and other painters, and still used by many artists today, the primary colors were considered to be red, yellow, and blue, and the primary–secondary complementary pairs are red–green (Christmas), blue-orange (Westwood), and yellow–purple (Mesa High).", "Color mixing __knowledge__ There are two types of color mixing: \"Additive\" and \"Subtractive\".", "Color mixing __knowledge__ In both cases, there are three primary colors, three secondary colors (colors made from 2 of the three primary colors in equal amounts), and one tertiary color made from all three primary colors.", "Color mixing __knowledge__ This point is a common source of confusion, as there are different sets of primary colors depending on whether you are working with additive or subtractive mixing.", "Color mixing __knowledge__ The additive mixing of colors is unintuitive as it does not correspond to the mixing of physical substances (such as paint) which would correspond to subtractive mixing.", "Color mixing __knowledge__ For instance, one can additively mix yellow and blue by shining yellow light together with blue light, which will result in not green but a white light.", "Secondary color __knowledge__ A secondary color is a color made by mixing two primary colors in a given color space.", "Secondary color __knowledge__ Some examples are the following: For the human eye, the best primary colors of light are red, green, and blue.", "Secondary color __knowledge__ Combining the wavelengths of light we see as these colors produces the greatest range of visible color.", "Secondary color __knowledge__ That is, the primary and secondary RGB colors (with secondary colors in boldface) are: Because color is defined as the wavelengths of the emitted light, combining RGB colors means adding light (thus the term \"additive color\"), and the combinations are brighter.", "Secondary color __knowledge__ When all three primaries (or for that matter all three secondaries) are combined in equal amounts, the result is white." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue is one of the three primary colours of pigments in painting and traditional colour theory, as well as in the RGB colour model.", "Blue __knowledge__ It lies between violet and green on the spectrum of visible light.", "Blue __knowledge__ The eye perceives blue when observing light with a dominant wavelength between approximately 450 and 495 nanometres.", "Blue __knowledge__ Most blues contain a slight mixture of other colors; azure contains some green, while ultramarine contains some violet.", "Blue __knowledge__ The clear daytime sky and the deep sea appear blue because of an optical effect known as Rayleigh scattering.", "Blue __knowledge__ An optical effect called Tyndall scattering explains blue eyes.", "Blue __knowledge__ Distant objects appear more blue because of another optical effect called atmospheric perspective.", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue has been an important colour in art and decoration since ancient times.", "Blue __knowledge__ The semi-precious stone lapis lazuli was used in ancient Egypt for jewellery and ornament and later, in The Renaissance, to make the pigment ultramarine, the most expensive of all pigments.", "Blue __knowledge__ In the eighth century Chinese artists used cobalt blue to colour fine blue and white porcelain.", "Blue __knowledge__ In the Middle Ages, European artists used it in the windows of Cathedrals.", "Blue __knowledge__ Europeans wore clothing coloured with the vegetable dye woad until it was replaced by the finer indigo from America.", "Metamaterial cloaking __knowledge__ Metamaterial cloaking is the usage of metamaterials in an invisibility cloak.", "Metamaterial cloaking __knowledge__ This is accomplished by manipulating the paths traversed by light through a novel optical material.", "Metamaterial cloaking __knowledge__ Metamaterials direct and control the propagation and transmission of specified parts of the light spectrum and demonstrate the potential to render an object seemingly invisible.", "Metamaterial cloaking __knowledge__ Metamaterial cloaking, based on transformation optics, describes the process of shielding something from view by controlling electromagnetic radiation.", "Metamaterial cloaking __knowledge__ Objects in the defined location are still present, but incident waves are guided around them without being affected by the object itself.", "Grow light __knowledge__ A grow light or plant light is an artificial light source, generally an electric light, designed to stimulate plant growth by emitting a light appropriate for photosynthesis.", "Grow light __knowledge__ Grow lights are used in applications where there is either no naturally occurring light, or where supplemental light is required.", "Grow light __knowledge__ For example, in the winter months when the available hours of daylight may be insufficient for the desired plant growth, lights are used to extend the time the plants receive light.", "Grow light __knowledge__ If plants do not receive enough light, they will grow long and spindly.", "Grow light __knowledge__ Grow lights either attempt to provide a light spectrum similar to that of the sun, or to provide a spectrum that is more tailored to the needs of the plants being cultivated.", "Theory of Colours __knowledge__ Theory of Colours (German: \"Zur Farbenlehre\") is a book by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe about the poet's views on the nature of colours and how these are perceived by humans.", "Theory of Colours __knowledge__ It was published in German in 1810 and in English in 1840.", "Theory of Colours __knowledge__ The books contains detailed descriptions of phenomena such as coloured shadows, refraction, and chromatic aberration.", "Theory of Colours __knowledge__ The work originated in Goethe's occupation with painting and mainly exerted an influence on the arts (Philipp Otto Runge, J. M. W. Turner, the Pre-Raphaelites, Wassily Kandinsky).", "Theory of Colours __knowledge__ The book is a successor to two short essays entitled \"Contributions to Optics\".", "Li-Fi __knowledge__ Li-Fi (; short for \"light fidelity\") is a technology for wireless communication between devices using light to transmit data.", "Li-Fi __knowledge__ In its present state only LED lamps can be used for the transmission of visible light.", "Li-Fi __knowledge__ The term was first introduced by Harald Haas during a 2011 TEDGlobal talk in Edinburgh.", "Li-Fi __knowledge__ In technical terms, Li-Fi is a visible light communications system that is capable of transmitting data at high speeds over the visible light spectrum, ultraviolet and infrared radiation.", "Li-Fi __knowledge__ In terms of its end use the technology is similar to Wi-Fi.", "Li-Fi __knowledge__ The key technical difference is that Wi-Fi uses radio frequency to transmit data.", "Light-emitting diode __knowledge__ A light-emitting diode (LED) is a two-lead semiconductor light source.", "Light-emitting diode __knowledge__ It is a p–n junction diode that emits light when activated.", "Light-emitting diode __knowledge__ When a suitable voltage is applied to the leads, electrons are able to recombine with electron holes within the device, releasing energy in the form of photons.", "Light-emitting diode __knowledge__ This effect is called electroluminescence, and the color of the light (corresponding to the energy of the photon) is determined by the energy band gap of the semiconductor.", "Light-emitting diode __knowledge__ LEDs are typically small (less than 1 mm) and integrated optical components may be used to shape the radiation pattern.", "Light-emitting diode __knowledge__ Appearing as practical electronic components in 1962, the earliest LEDs emitted low-intensity infrared light.", "Fluorescence __knowledge__ Fluorescence is the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation.", "Fluorescence __knowledge__ It is a form of luminescence.", "Fluorescence __knowledge__ In most cases, the emitted light has a longer wavelength, and therefore lower energy, than the absorbed radiation.", "Fluorescence __knowledge__ The most striking example of fluorescence occurs when the absorbed radiation is in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum, and thus invisible to the human eye, while the emitted light is in the visible region, which gives the fluorescent substance a distinct color that can only be seen when exposed to UV light.", "Fluorescence __knowledge__ Fluorescent materials cease to glow immediately when the radiation source stops, unlike phosphorescence, where they continue to emit light for some time after.", "Spectrum __knowledge__ A spectrum (plural \"spectra\" or \"spectrums\") is a condition that is not limited to a specific set of values but can vary, without steps, across a continuum.", "Spectrum __knowledge__ The word was first used scientifically in optics to describe the rainbow of colors in visible light after passing through a prism.", "Spectrum __knowledge__ As scientific understanding of light advanced, it came to apply to the entire electromagnetic spectrum.", "Spectrum __knowledge__ Spectrum has since been applied by analogy to topics outside optics.", "Spectrum __knowledge__ Thus, one might talk about the \"spectrum of political opinion\", or the \"spectrum of activity\" of a drug, or the \"autism spectrum\".", "Spectrum __knowledge__ In these uses, values within a spectrum may not be associated with precisely quantifiable numbers or definitions.", "RGB color model __knowledge__ The RGB color model is an additive color model in which red, green and blue light are added together in various ways to reproduce a broad array of colors.", "RGB color model __knowledge__ The name of the model comes from the initials of the three additive primary colors, red, green, and blue.", "RGB color model __knowledge__ The main purpose of the RGB color model is for the sensing, representation and display of images in electronic systems, such as televisions and computers, though it has also been used in conventional photography.", "RGB color model __knowledge__ Before the electronic age, the RGB color model already had a solid theory behind it, based in human perception of colors.", "RGB color model __knowledge__ RGB is a \"device-dependent\" color model: different devices detect or reproduce a given RGB value differently, since the color elements (such as phosphors or dyes) and their response to the individual R, G, and B levels vary from manufacturer to manufacturer, or even in the same device over time.", "Color space __knowledge__ A color space is a specific organization of colors.", "Color space __knowledge__ In combination with physical device profiling, it allows for reproducible representations of color, in both analog and digital representations.", "Color space __knowledge__ A color space may be arbitrary, with particular colors assigned to a set of physical color swatches and corresponding assigned names or numbers such as with the Pantone collection, or structured mathematically, as with NCS System, Adobe RGB or sRGB.", "Color space __knowledge__ A color model is an abstract mathematical model describing the way colors can be represented as tuples of numbers (e.g.", "Color space __knowledge__ triples in RGB or quadruples in CMYK); however, a color model with no associated mapping function to an absolute color space is a more or less arbitrary color system with no connection to any globally understood system of color interpretation.", "RGB color space __knowledge__ An RGB color space is any additive color space based on the RGB color model.", "RGB color space __knowledge__ A particular RGB color space is defined by the three chromaticities of the red, green, and blue additive primaries, and can produce any chromaticity that is the triangle defined by those primary colors.", "RGB color space __knowledge__ The complete specification of an RGB color space also requires a white point chromaticity and a gamma correction curve.", "RGB color space __knowledge__ As of 2007, sRGB is by far the most commonly used RGB color space.", "RGB color space __knowledge__ RGB is an abbreviation for red–green–blue.", "RGB color space __knowledge__ An RGB color can be understood by thinking of it as all possible colors that can be made from three colored lights for red, green, and blue.", "Magenta __knowledge__ Magenta () is a color that is variously defined as purplish-red, reddish-purple, purplish-pink, or mauvish-crimson.", "Magenta __knowledge__ On computer screens, it is made by mixing equal amounts of blue and red.", "Magenta __knowledge__ On color wheels of the RGB (additive) and CMY (subtractive) color models, it is located midway between red and blue.", "Magenta __knowledge__ It is the complementary color of green.", "Magenta __knowledge__ It is one of the four colors of ink used in color printing and by an inkjet printer, along with cyan, yellow, and black, to make all the other colors.", "Magenta __knowledge__ The tone of magenta used in printing is called \"printer's magenta\".", "Magenta __knowledge__ Magenta took its name from an aniline dye made and patented in 1859 by the French chemist François-Emmanuel Verguin, who originally called it \"fuchsine\".", "List of color spaces and their uses __knowledge__ This is a list of color spaces and their uses.", "List of color spaces and their uses __knowledge__ There are five major models, that sub-divide into others, which are: CIE, RGB, YUV, HSL/HSV, and CMYK.", "List of color spaces and their uses __knowledge__ The first attempt to produce a color space based on measurements of human color perception and the basis for almost all other color spaces.", "List of color spaces and their uses __knowledge__ A modification of \"CIE 1931 XYZ\" to display color differences more conveniently.", "List of color spaces and their uses __knowledge__ The CIELUV space is especially useful for additive mixtures of lights, due to its linear addition properties.", "List of color spaces and their uses __knowledge__ The intention of CIELAB (or L*a*b* or Lab) is to produce a color space that is more perceptually linear than other color spaces.", "Red __knowledge__ Red is the colour at the end of the visible spectrum of light, next to orange and opposite violet.", "Red __knowledge__ It has a dominant wavelength of approximately 625–740 nanometres.", "Red __knowledge__ It is a primary color in the RGB color model and the CMYK color model, and is the complementary color of cyan.", "Red __knowledge__ Reds range from the brilliant yellow-tinged scarlet and vermillion to bluish-red crimson, and vary in shade from the pale red pink to the dark red burgundy.", "Red __knowledge__ The red sky at sunset results from Rayleigh scattering, while the red color of the Grand Canyon and other geological features is caused by hematite or red ochre, both forms of iron oxide.", "Complementary colors __knowledge__ Complementary colors are pairs of colors which, when combined, cancel each other out.", "Complementary colors __knowledge__ This means that when combined, they produce a gray-scale color like white or black.", "Complementary colors __knowledge__ When placed next to each other, they create the strongest contrast for those particular two colors.", "Complementary colors __knowledge__ Due to this striking color clash, the term opposite colors is often considered more appropriate than \"complementary colors\".", "Complementary colors __knowledge__ Which pairs of colors are considered complementary depends on the color theory one uses: On the traditional color wheel developed in the 18th century, used by Claude Monet and Vincent van Gogh and other painters, and still used by many artists today, the primary colors were considered to be red, yellow, and blue, and the primary–secondary complementary pairs are red–green (Christmas), blue-orange (Westwood), and yellow–purple (Mesa High)." ] ]

[ 1, 32, 54 ]

[ "Blue is one of the tree primary colors of pigments.", "The RGB color model is made up of red, green and blue light.", "I know that the RGB color model is largely used today in the electronic age because they are the 3 colors that are most perceptible to humans,." ]

[ "Blue", "Blue", "Blue" ]

[ "Minimum wage", "I know what you mean. Why is there a minimum wage anyways?", "How can it go up? Who sets the rate?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Minimum wage __knowledge__ A minimum wage is the lowest remuneration that employers can legally pay their workers.", "Minimum wage __knowledge__ Equivalently, it is the price floor below which workers may not sell their labor.", "Minimum wage __knowledge__ Although minimum wage laws are in effect in many jurisdictions, differences of opinion exist about the benefits and drawbacks of a minimum wage.", "Minimum wage __knowledge__ Supporters of the minimum wage say it increases the standard of living of workers, reduces poverty, reduces inequality, and boosts morale.", "Minimum wage __knowledge__ In contrast, opponents of the minimum wage say it increases poverty, increases unemployment (particularly among unskilled or inexperienced workers) and is damaging to businesses, because excessively high minimum wages require businesses to raise the prices of their product or service to accommodate the extra expense of paying a higher wage.", "Minimum wage __knowledge__ Modern national laws enforcing compulsory union membership which proscribed minimum wages for their members were first passed in New Zealand and Australia in the 1890s.", "Minimum wage __knowledge__ The movement for minimum wages was first motivated as a way to stop the exploitation of workers in sweatshops, by employers who were thought to have unfair bargaining power over them.", "Minimum wage __knowledge__ Over time, minimum wages came to be seen as a way to help lower-income families." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Minimum wage __knowledge__ A minimum wage is the lowest remuneration that employers can legally pay their workers.", "Minimum wage __knowledge__ Equivalently, it is the price floor below which workers may not sell their labor.", "Minimum wage __knowledge__ Although minimum wage laws are in effect in many jurisdictions, differences of opinion exist about the benefits and drawbacks of a minimum wage.", "Minimum wage __knowledge__ Supporters of the minimum wage say it increases the standard of living of workers, reduces poverty, reduces inequality, and boosts morale.", "Minimum wage __knowledge__ In contrast, opponents of the minimum wage say it increases poverty, increases unemployment (particularly among unskilled or inexperienced workers) and is damaging to businesses, because excessively high minimum wages require businesses to raise the prices of their product or service to accommodate the extra expense of paying a higher wage.", "Minimum wage __knowledge__ Modern national laws enforcing compulsory union membership which proscribed minimum wages for their members were first passed in New Zealand and Australia in the 1890s.", "Minimum wage __knowledge__ The movement for minimum wages was first motivated as a way to stop the exploitation of workers in sweatshops, by employers who were thought to have unfair bargaining power over them.", "Minimum wage __knowledge__ Over time, minimum wages came to be seen as a way to help lower-income families.", "Minimum wage in the United States __knowledge__ The minimum wage in the United States is set by US labor law and a range of state and local laws.", "Minimum wage in the United States __knowledge__ Employers generally have to pay workers the highest minimum wage prescribed by federal, state, and local law.", "Minimum wage in the United States __knowledge__ Since July 24, 2009, the federal government has mandated a nationwide minimum wage of $7.25 per hour.", "Minimum wage in the United States __knowledge__ As of January 2018, there were 29 states with a minimum wage higher than the federal minimum.", "Minimum wage in the United States __knowledge__ From 2017 to 2018, eight states increased their minimum wage levels through automatic adjustments, while increases in eleven other states occurred through referendum or legislative action.", "Minimum wage in the United States __knowledge__ Washington has the highest state minimum wage at $11.50 per hour.", "Minimum wage law __knowledge__ Minimum wage law is the body of law which prohibits employers from hiring employees or workers for less than a given hourly, daily or monthly minimum wage.", "Minimum wage law __knowledge__ More than 90% of all countries have some kind of minimum wage legislation.", "Minimum wage law __knowledge__ Until recently, minimum wage laws were usually very tightly focused.", "Minimum wage law __knowledge__ In the U.S. and Great Britain, for example, they applied only to women and children.", "Minimum wage law __knowledge__ Only after the Great Depression did many industrialized economies extend them to the general work force.", "Minimum wage law __knowledge__ Even then, the laws were often specific to certain industries.", "Minimum wage law __knowledge__ In France, for example, they were extensions of existing trade union legislation.", "Minimum Wages Act 1948 __knowledge__ The Minimum Wages Act 1948 is an Act of Parliament concerning Indian labour law that sets the minimum wages that must be paid to skilled and unskilled labours.", "Minimum Wages Act 1948 __knowledge__ The Indian Constitution has defined a 'living wage' that is the level of income for a worker which will ensure a basic standard of living including good health, dignity, comfort, education and provide for any contingency.", "Minimum Wages Act 1948 __knowledge__ However, to keep in mind an industry's capacity to pay the constitution has defined a 'fair wage'.", "Minimum Wages Act 1948 __knowledge__ Fair wage is that level of wage that not just maintains a level of employment, but seeks to increase it keeping in perspective the industry’s capacity to pay.", "Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 __knowledge__ The Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 (abbreviated as FLSA) is a United States labor law that creates the right to a minimum wage, and \"time-and-a-half\" overtime pay when people work over forty hours a week.", "Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 __knowledge__ It also prohibited most employment of minors in \"oppressive child labor\".", "Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 __knowledge__ It applies to employees engaged in interstate commerce or employed by an enterprise engaged in commerce or in the production of goods for commerce, unless the employer can claim an exemption from coverage.", "Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 __knowledge__ The Fair Labor Standards Act applies to \"employees who are engaged in interstate commerce or in the production of goods for commerce, or who are employed by an enterprise engaged in commerce or in the production of goods for commerce\" unless the employer can claim an exemption from coverage.", "Living wage __knowledge__ In public policy, a living wage is the minimum income necessary for a worker to meet their basic needs.", "Living wage __knowledge__ This is not necessarily the same as subsistence, which refers to a biological minimum, though the two terms are commonly confused.", "Living wage __knowledge__ Some have defined needs to include shelter, food, and other incidentals such as clothing.", "Living wage __knowledge__ Due to the flexible nature of the term 'needs', there is not one universally accepted measure of what a living wage is and as such it varies by location and household type.", "Living wage __knowledge__ A living wage, in some nations such as the United Kingdom and New Zealand, generally means that a person working 40 hours a week, with no additional income, should be able to afford the basics for a modest but decent life, such as, food, shelter, utilities, transport, health care, and child care.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ United Kingdom labour law regulates the relations between workers, employers and trade unions.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ People at work in the UK benefit from a minimum charter of employment rights, which are found in various Acts, Regulations, common law and equity.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ This includes the right to a minimum wage of £7.50 for over 25-year-olds under the National Minimum Wage Act 1998.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ The Working Time Regulations 1998 give the right to 28 days paid holidays, breaks from work, and attempts to limit excessively long working hours.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ The Employment Rights Act 1996 gives the right to leave for child care, and the right to request flexible working patterns.", "United States labor law __knowledge__ United States labor law sets the rights and duties for employees, labor unions, and employers in the United States.", "United States labor law __knowledge__ Labor law's basic aim is to remedy the \"inequality of bargaining power\" between employees and employers, especially employers \"organized in the corporate or other forms of ownership association\".", "United States labor law __knowledge__ Over the 20th century, federal law created minimum social and economic rights, and encouraged state laws to go beyond the minimum to favor employees.", "United States labor law __knowledge__ The Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 requires a federal minimum wage, currently $7.25 but higher in 28 states, and discourages unhealthy working weeks over 40 hours through time-and-a-half overtime pay.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ South African labour law regulates the relationship between employers, employees and trade unions in the Republic of South Africa.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ The Native Labour Regulations Act 1911 prohibited strikes by trade unions, introduced wage ceilings and a pass system for moving around jobs.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Over 70,000 Chinese labourers were brought in, and used by landowners to undercut the wages of other workers.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Among white workers, there was significant unrest, and major strikes took place in 1907, 1913, 1914 and 1922 For a period of sixteen years, from 1979 to 1995, several critical developments occurred in the field of labour law in South Africa, beginning with a radical change in the first of these years, when a significant Commission of Enquiry was held, resulting in the establishment of an Industrial Court, which was given extensive powers to mould, change, shape and develop the law." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Minimum wage __knowledge__ A minimum wage is the lowest remuneration that employers can legally pay their workers.", "Minimum wage __knowledge__ Equivalently, it is the price floor below which workers may not sell their labor.", "Minimum wage __knowledge__ Although minimum wage laws are in effect in many jurisdictions, differences of opinion exist about the benefits and drawbacks of a minimum wage.", "Minimum wage __knowledge__ Supporters of the minimum wage say it increases the standard of living of workers, reduces poverty, reduces inequality, and boosts morale.", "Minimum wage __knowledge__ In contrast, opponents of the minimum wage say it increases poverty, increases unemployment (particularly among unskilled or inexperienced workers) and is damaging to businesses, because excessively high minimum wages require businesses to raise the prices of their product or service to accommodate the extra expense of paying a higher wage.", "Minimum wage __knowledge__ Modern national laws enforcing compulsory union membership which proscribed minimum wages for their members were first passed in New Zealand and Australia in the 1890s.", "Minimum wage __knowledge__ The movement for minimum wages was first motivated as a way to stop the exploitation of workers in sweatshops, by employers who were thought to have unfair bargaining power over them.", "Minimum wage __knowledge__ Over time, minimum wages came to be seen as a way to help lower-income families.", "Andy Murray __knowledge__ Sir Andrew Barron Murray, (born 15 May 1987) is a British professional tennis player from Scotland currently ranked world no.", "Andy Murray __knowledge__ 19 in men's singles.", "Andy Murray __knowledge__ Murray represents Great Britain in his sporting activities and is a three-time Grand Slam tournament winner, two-time Olympic champion, Davis Cup champion and the winner of the 2016 ATP World Tour Finals.", "Andy Murray __knowledge__ Murray defeated Novak Djokovic in the 2012 US Open final, becoming the first British player since 1977, and the first British man since 1936, to win a Grand Slam singles tournament.", "Andy Murray __knowledge__ Murray is also the first British man to win more than one Wimbledon singles title since Fred Perry in 1935.", "Tendency of the rate of profit to fall __knowledge__ The tendency of the rate of profit to fall (TRPF) is a hypothesis in economics and political economy, most famously expounded by Karl Marx in chapter 13 of \"Capital, Volume III\".", "Tendency of the rate of profit to fall __knowledge__ Although not accepted in 20th century mainstream economics, the existence of such a tendency was widely noted throughout the 19th century.", "Tendency of the rate of profit to fall __knowledge__ Economists as diverse as Adam Smith, John Stuart Mill, David Ricardo and Stanley Jevons referred explicitly to the TRPF as an empirical phenomenon that needed to be explained.", "Tendency of the rate of profit to fall __knowledge__ They differed in the reasons they gave for why the TRPF might necessarily occur.", "Tendency of the rate of profit to fall __knowledge__ In his 1857 \"Grundrisse\" manuscript, Karl Marx called the tendency of the rate of profit to fall \"the most important law of political economy\" and sought to give a causal explanation for it, in terms of his theory of capital accumulation.", "Caroline Wozniacki __knowledge__ Caroline Wozniacki (, ; born 11 July 1990) is a Danish professional tennis player.", "Caroline Wozniacki __knowledge__ She is the current world No.", "Caroline Wozniacki __knowledge__ 1 on the WTA Tour, having previously held this position for 67 weeks between October 2010 and January 2012.", "Caroline Wozniacki __knowledge__ She was the first woman from a Scandinavian country to hold the top ranking position and 20th overall.", "Caroline Wozniacki __knowledge__ She finished on top of the rankings in both 2010 and 2011.", "Caroline Wozniacki __knowledge__ Wozniacki finished the 2017 season ranked world No.", "Caroline Wozniacki __knowledge__ 3 after reaching a Tour-high 8 singles finals and winning her 26th and 27th titles.", "Caroline Wozniacki __knowledge__ She won her first Grand Slam title at the 2018 Australian Open and returned to the No.", "Ana Ivanovic __knowledge__ Ana Ivanovic (; ; born 6 November 1987) is a retired Serbian tennis player.", "Ana Ivanovic __knowledge__ She was ranked No.", "Ana Ivanovic __knowledge__ 1 in the world in 2008, after she had defeated Dinara Safina to win the 2008 French Open.", "Ana Ivanovic __knowledge__ She was also the runner-up at the 2007 French Open and the 2008 Australian Open.", "Ana Ivanovic __knowledge__ She also qualified for the annual WTA Tour Championships three times, in 2007, 2008 and 2014 and won the year-end WTA Tournament of Champions twice, in 2010 and 2011.", "Ana Ivanovic __knowledge__ Competing as a professional from 2003 until 2016, Ivanovic won 14 WTA Tour singles titles, and one Grand Slam singles title, the French Open in 2008.", "Ana Ivanovic __knowledge__ Additionally during this time, she earned over $15 million in prize money, which is the 20th highest in the all-time rankings.", "2004 PDC World Darts Championship __knowledge__ The 2004 Ladbrokes.com World Championship was the 10th anniversary of the PDC version of the World Darts Championship.", "2004 PDC World Darts Championship __knowledge__ An extra round was added, with the top 16 seeds given a bye to the third round, bringing the total players at the televised stages to 48.", "2004 PDC World Darts Championship __knowledge__ Ladbrokes, who sponsored the event initially for one year in 2003, decided to extend their deal and the prize fund was increased to £256,000.", "2004 PDC World Darts Championship __knowledge__ Dutch television station, RTL 5 and Sky Sports both extended their deals with the PDC by three years.", "2004 PDC World Darts Championship __knowledge__ PDC chairman Barry Hearn announced that the tournament would be shown in Malaysia on pay-per-view.", "2004 PDC World Darts Championship __knowledge__ Defending champion and number two seed, John Part suffered a surprise third round defeat to Mark Dudbridge, his first match of the 2004 campaign.", "Maria Sharapova __knowledge__ Maria Yuryevna Sharapova (; born April 19, 1987) is a Russian professional tennis player.", "Maria Sharapova __knowledge__ A United States resident since 1994, Sharapova has competed on the WTA tour since 2001.", "Maria Sharapova __knowledge__ She has been ranked world No.", "Maria Sharapova __knowledge__ 1 in singles by the WTA on five separate occasions, for a total of 21 weeks.", "Maria Sharapova __knowledge__ She is one of ten women, and the only Russian, to hold the career Grand Slam.", "Maria Sharapova __knowledge__ She is also an Olympic medalist, having earned silver for Russia in women's singles at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London.", "Maria Sharapova __knowledge__ Sharapova became the world No.", "Maria Sharapova __knowledge__ 1 for the first time on August 22, 2005, at the age of 18, and last held the ranking for the fifth time for four weeks from June 11, 2012, to July 8, 2012.", "Federal Reserve System __knowledge__ The Federal Reserve System (also known as the Federal Reserve or simply the Fed) is the central banking system of the United States.", "Federal Reserve System __knowledge__ It was created on December 23, 1913, with the enactment of the Federal Reserve Act, after a series of financial panics (particularly the panic of 1907) led to the desire for central control of the monetary system in order to alleviate financial crises.", "Federal Reserve System __knowledge__ Over the years, events such as the Great Depression in the 1930s and the Great Recession during the 2000s have led to the expansion of the roles and responsibilities of the Federal Reserve System.", "Federal Reserve System __knowledge__ The U.S. Congress established three key objectives for monetary policy in the Federal Reserve Act: maximizing employment, stabilizing prices, and moderating long-term interest rates.", "Living wage __knowledge__ In public policy, a living wage is the minimum income necessary for a worker to meet their basic needs.", "Living wage __knowledge__ This is not necessarily the same as subsistence, which refers to a biological minimum, though the two terms are commonly confused.", "Living wage __knowledge__ Some have defined needs to include shelter, food, and other incidentals such as clothing.", "Living wage __knowledge__ Due to the flexible nature of the term 'needs', there is not one universally accepted measure of what a living wage is and as such it varies by location and household type.", "Living wage __knowledge__ A living wage, in some nations such as the United Kingdom and New Zealand, generally means that a person working 40 hours a week, with no additional income, should be able to afford the basics for a modest but decent life, such as, food, shelter, utilities, transport, health care, and child care.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ United Kingdom labour law regulates the relations between workers, employers and trade unions.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ People at work in the UK benefit from a minimum charter of employment rights, which are found in various Acts, Regulations, common law and equity.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ This includes the right to a minimum wage of £7.50 for over 25-year-olds under the National Minimum Wage Act 1998.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ The Working Time Regulations 1998 give the right to 28 days paid holidays, breaks from work, and attempts to limit excessively long working hours.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ The Employment Rights Act 1996 gives the right to leave for child care, and the right to request flexible working patterns.", "Efficiency wage __knowledge__ In labor economics, the efficiency wage hypothesis argues that wages, at least in some markets, form in a way that is not market-clearing.", "Efficiency wage __knowledge__ Specifically, it points to the incentive for managers to pay their employees more than the market-clearing wage in order to increase their productivity or efficiency, or reduce costs associated with turnover, in industries where the costs of replacing labor are high.", "Efficiency wage __knowledge__ This increased labor productivity and/or decreased costs pay for the higher wages.", "Efficiency wage __knowledge__ Because workers are paid more than the equilibrium wage, there may be unemployment.", "Efficiency wage __knowledge__ Efficiency wages offer, therefore, a market failure explanation of unemployment, in contrast to theories that emphasize government intervention (such as minimum wages).", "Minimum Wages Act 1948 __knowledge__ The Minimum Wages Act 1948 is an Act of Parliament concerning Indian labour law that sets the minimum wages that must be paid to skilled and unskilled labours.", "Minimum Wages Act 1948 __knowledge__ The Indian Constitution has defined a 'living wage' that is the level of income for a worker which will ensure a basic standard of living including good health, dignity, comfort, education and provide for any contingency.", "Minimum Wages Act 1948 __knowledge__ However, to keep in mind an industry's capacity to pay the constitution has defined a 'fair wage'.", "Minimum Wages Act 1948 __knowledge__ Fair wage is that level of wage that not just maintains a level of employment, but seeks to increase it keeping in perspective the industry’s capacity to pay.", "Price floor __knowledge__ A price floor is a government- or group-imposed price control or limit on how low a price can be charged for a product.", "Price floor __knowledge__ A price floor must be higher than the equilibrium price in order to be effective.", "Price floor __knowledge__ A price floor can be set below the free-market equilibrium price.", "Price floor __knowledge__ In the first graph at right, the dashed green line represents a price floor set below the free-market price.", "Price floor __knowledge__ In this case, the floor has no practical effect.", "Price floor __knowledge__ The government has mandated a minimum price, but the market already bears a higher price.", "Price floor __knowledge__ By contrast, in the second graph, the dashed green line represents a price floor set above the free-market price.", "Labour law __knowledge__ Labour law (also known as labor law or employment law) mediates the relationship between workers, employing entities, trade unions and the government.", "Labour law __knowledge__ Collective labour law relates to the tripartite relationship between employee, employer and union.", "Labour law __knowledge__ Individual labour law concerns employees' rights at work and through the contract for work.", "Labour law __knowledge__ are social norms (in some cases also technical standards) for the minimum socially acceptable conditions under which employees or contractors are allowed to work.", "Labour law __knowledge__ Government agencies (such as the former US Employment Standards Administration) enforce labour law (legislative, regulatory, or judicial)." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 4 ]

[ "I think the minimum wage, the lowest that employers can legally pay their workers, should have gone up in the past 15 years.", "it's a price floor, the bottom that workers may not sell their labor So its to give workers a fair wage, and it hasn't gone up in 15 years, we need it to be enforced.", "politicians are paid to make laws that protect workers and the weakk, thats what they are paid for. , supports of the minimum wage say it increases the standard of living" ]

[ "Minimum wage", "Minimum wage", "Minimum wage" ]

[ "Toga party\n I got invited to a Toga party.", "I don't know what to expect because this is my first time going to one. Do I have to buy a toga, or can I make one?", "Oh ok, I have a spare bed sheet. What kind of games and entertainment can I expect to be there?", "Whoa, yeah baby! Let's get wasted!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Toga party __knowledge__ A toga party is a type of costume party with a Roman or Greek theme and in which male and female attendees are expected to wear a toga, or a semblance thereof, normally made from a bed sheet, and sandals.", "Toga party __knowledge__ At toga parties, the costumes, party games and other entertainment often follow a Roman or Greek theme.", "Toga party __knowledge__ Toga parties held by college or university students are associated with keg parties and excessive drinking.", "Toga party __knowledge__ The earliest known college \"toga parties\" took place in the early 1950s.", "Toga party __knowledge__ Toga parties are recorded, for example, in the yearbooks for Theta Delta Chi (1952) and the University of Michigan's Acacia fraternity (1953).", "Toga party __knowledge__ Another early college student toga party took place in 1953, when Pomona College students wore togas and ivy wreaths, and brought their dorm mattresses to freshman Mark Neuman's home on Hillcrest Avenue in nearby Flintridge.", "Toga party __knowledge__ For the eight decades before such Greek-themed parties became known as \"toga parties\" in the 1950s, similar parties, generally called \"bed sheet and pillow slip\" parties (or simply, \"pillow slip\" parties), in which attendees wrapped themselves in sheets and pillow cases, were regularly held by fraternal orders (like the Masons, Odd Fellows and Elks), civic organizations and church groups.", "Toga __knowledge__ The toga, a distinctive garment of Ancient Rome, was a roughly semicircular cloth, between 12 and 20 feet (365 to 609 centimeters) in length, draped over the shoulders and around the body.", "Toga __knowledge__ It was usually woven from white wool, and was worn over a tunic.", "Toga __knowledge__ In Roman historical tradition, it is said to have been the favoured dress of Romulus, Rome's founder; it was also thought to have been worn by both sexes, and by the citizen-military.", "Toga __knowledge__ As Roman women gradually adopted the stola, the toga was recognised as formal wear for Roman citizen men.", "Toga __knowledge__ Women engaged in prostitution might have provided the main exception to this rule.", "Animal House __knowledge__ National Lampoon's Animal House is a 1978 American comedy film directed by John Landis and written by Harold Ramis, Douglas Kenney and Chris Miller.", "Animal House __knowledge__ It stars John Belushi, Tim Matheson, John Vernon, Verna Bloom, Thomas Hulce, Stephen Furst, and Donald Sutherland.", "Animal House __knowledge__ The film is about a misfit group of fraternity members who challenge the authority of the dean of Faber College.", "Animal House __knowledge__ The film was produced by Matty Simmons of \"National Lampoon\" and Ivan Reitman for Universal Pictures.", "Animal House __knowledge__ It was inspired by stories written by Miller and published in \"National Lampoon\".", "Animal House __knowledge__ The stories were based on Ramis's experience in the Zeta Beta Tau fraternity at Washington University in St. Louis, as well as Miller's Alpha Delta Phi experiences at Ivy League Dartmouth College in New Hampshire, and producer Reitman's Delta Upsilon experiences at McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario.", "Clothing in ancient Rome __knowledge__ Clothing in ancient Rome generally comprised a short-sleeved or sleeveless, knee-length tunic for men and boys, and a longer, usually sleeved tunic for women and girls.", "Clothing in ancient Rome __knowledge__ On formal occasions, adult male citizens could wear a woolen toga, draped over their tunic, and married citizen women wore a woolen mantle, known as a palla, over a stola, a simple, long-sleeved, voluminous garment that hung to midstep.", "Clothing in ancient Rome __knowledge__ Clothing, footwear and accoutrements identified gender, status, rank and social class, and thus offered a means of social control.", "Clothing in ancient Rome __knowledge__ This was probably most apparent in the segregation of seating tiers at public theatres, games and festivals.", "Clothing in the ancient world __knowledge__ The preservation of fabric fibers and leathers allows for insights into the attire of ancient societies.", "Clothing in the ancient world __knowledge__ The clothing used in the ancient world reflects the technologies that these peoples mastered.", "Clothing in the ancient world __knowledge__ In many cultures, clothing indicated the social status of various members of society.", "Clothing in the ancient world __knowledge__ The development of attire and fashion is an exclusively human characteristic and is a feature of most human societies.", "Clothing in the ancient world __knowledge__ Clothing made of materials such as animal skins and vegetation was initially used by early humans to protect their bodies from the elements.", "Clothing in the ancient world __knowledge__ The usage of clothing and textiles across the ages reflects the varying development of civilizations and technologies.", "WrestleMania IX __knowledge__ WrestleMania IX was the ninth annual WrestleMania professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event produced by the World Wrestling Federation (WWF).", "WrestleMania IX __knowledge__ The event took place at Caesars Palace in Paradise, Nevada, on April 4, 1993, and was the first WrestleMania event held outdoors.", "WrestleMania IX __knowledge__ The buildup to the pay-per-view consisted of feuds scripted by the WWF's writers, and the matches that took place at the event had pre-determined outcomes that had been decided by the promotion.", "WrestleMania IX __knowledge__ WrestleMania IX was built around two main storylines.", "WrestleMania IX __knowledge__ The first was the seemingly unstoppable Yokozuna challenging Bret Hart for the WWF World Heavyweight Championship in the main event, a right he earned by winning the 1993 Royal Rumble.", "Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere program __knowledge__ The Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere program (TOGA) was a ten-year study (1985-1994) of the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) aimed specifically at the prediction of climate phenomena on time scales of months to years.", "Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere program __knowledge__ TOGA emphasized the tropical oceans and their relationship to the global atmosphere.", "Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere program __knowledge__ Underlying TOGA is the premise that the dynamic adjustment of the ocean in the tropics is far more rapid than at higher latitudes.", "Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere program __knowledge__ Thus disturbances emanating from the western Pacific Ocean (such as El Niño) may propagate across the basin on time scales of weeks compared to years for corresponding basin-wide propagation at higher latitudes." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Toga party __knowledge__ A toga party is a type of costume party with a Roman or Greek theme and in which male and female attendees are expected to wear a toga, or a semblance thereof, normally made from a bed sheet, and sandals.", "Toga party __knowledge__ At toga parties, the costumes, party games and other entertainment often follow a Roman or Greek theme.", "Toga party __knowledge__ Toga parties held by college or university students are associated with keg parties and excessive drinking.", "Toga party __knowledge__ The earliest known college \"toga parties\" took place in the early 1950s.", "Toga party __knowledge__ Toga parties are recorded, for example, in the yearbooks for Theta Delta Chi (1952) and the University of Michigan's Acacia fraternity (1953).", "Toga party __knowledge__ Another early college student toga party took place in 1953, when Pomona College students wore togas and ivy wreaths, and brought their dorm mattresses to freshman Mark Neuman's home on Hillcrest Avenue in nearby Flintridge.", "Toga party __knowledge__ For the eight decades before such Greek-themed parties became known as \"toga parties\" in the 1950s, similar parties, generally called \"bed sheet and pillow slip\" parties (or simply, \"pillow slip\" parties), in which attendees wrapped themselves in sheets and pillow cases, were regularly held by fraternal orders (like the Masons, Odd Fellows and Elks), civic organizations and church groups.", "Toga __knowledge__ The toga, a distinctive garment of Ancient Rome, was a roughly semicircular cloth, between 12 and 20 feet (365 to 609 centimeters) in length, draped over the shoulders and around the body.", "Toga __knowledge__ It was usually woven from white wool, and was worn over a tunic.", "Toga __knowledge__ In Roman historical tradition, it is said to have been the favoured dress of Romulus, Rome's founder; it was also thought to have been worn by both sexes, and by the citizen-military.", "Toga __knowledge__ As Roman women gradually adopted the stola, the toga was recognised as formal wear for Roman citizen men.", "Toga __knowledge__ Women engaged in prostitution might have provided the main exception to this rule.", "Clothing in ancient Rome __knowledge__ Clothing in ancient Rome generally comprised a short-sleeved or sleeveless, knee-length tunic for men and boys, and a longer, usually sleeved tunic for women and girls.", "Clothing in ancient Rome __knowledge__ On formal occasions, adult male citizens could wear a woolen toga, draped over their tunic, and married citizen women wore a woolen mantle, known as a palla, over a stola, a simple, long-sleeved, voluminous garment that hung to midstep.", "Clothing in ancient Rome __knowledge__ Clothing, footwear and accoutrements identified gender, status, rank and social class, and thus offered a means of social control.", "Clothing in ancient Rome __knowledge__ This was probably most apparent in the segregation of seating tiers at public theatres, games and festivals.", "Clothing in the ancient world __knowledge__ The preservation of fabric fibers and leathers allows for insights into the attire of ancient societies.", "Clothing in the ancient world __knowledge__ The clothing used in the ancient world reflects the technologies that these peoples mastered.", "Clothing in the ancient world __knowledge__ In many cultures, clothing indicated the social status of various members of society.", "Clothing in the ancient world __knowledge__ The development of attire and fashion is an exclusively human characteristic and is a feature of most human societies.", "Clothing in the ancient world __knowledge__ Clothing made of materials such as animal skins and vegetation was initially used by early humans to protect their bodies from the elements.", "Clothing in the ancient world __knowledge__ The usage of clothing and textiles across the ages reflects the varying development of civilizations and technologies.", "Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere program __knowledge__ The Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere program (TOGA) was a ten-year study (1985-1994) of the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) aimed specifically at the prediction of climate phenomena on time scales of months to years.", "Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere program __knowledge__ TOGA emphasized the tropical oceans and their relationship to the global atmosphere.", "Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere program __knowledge__ Underlying TOGA is the premise that the dynamic adjustment of the ocean in the tropics is far more rapid than at higher latitudes.", "Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere program __knowledge__ Thus disturbances emanating from the western Pacific Ocean (such as El Niño) may propagate across the basin on time scales of weeks compared to years for corresponding basin-wide propagation at higher latitudes.", "Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement __knowledge__ The Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement is a defence procurement project of the Canadian government to purchase Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Joint Strike Fighters for the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF), a process started in 1997.", "Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement __knowledge__ The F-35 procurement has been a source of considerable controversy in public policy circles in Canada since the federal government announced its intention to purchase the aircraft in 2010.", "Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement __knowledge__ In April 2012, with the release of a highly critical Auditor General of Canada report on the failures of the government's F-35 program, the procurement was labelled a national \"scandal\" and \"fiasco\" by the media.", "Roman Empire __knowledge__ The Roman Empire (; Koine and Medieval Greek: Βασιλεία τῶν Ῥωμαίων, tr. )", "Roman Empire __knowledge__ was the post-Roman Republic period of the ancient Roman civilization, characterized by government headed by emperors and large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in Europe, Africa and Asia.", "Roman Empire __knowledge__ The city of Rome was the largest city in the world BC , with Constantinople (New Rome) becoming the largest around AD 500, and the Empire's populace grew to an estimated 50 to 90 million inhabitants (roughly 20% of the world's population at the time).", "Roman Empire __knowledge__ The 500-year-old republic which preceded it was severely destabilized in a series of civil wars and political conflict, during which Julius Caesar was appointed as perpetual dictator and then assassinated in 44 BC.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "Animal House __knowledge__ National Lampoon's Animal House is a 1978 American comedy film directed by John Landis and written by Harold Ramis, Douglas Kenney and Chris Miller.", "Animal House __knowledge__ It stars John Belushi, Tim Matheson, John Vernon, Verna Bloom, Thomas Hulce, Stephen Furst, and Donald Sutherland.", "Animal House __knowledge__ The film is about a misfit group of fraternity members who challenge the authority of the dean of Faber College.", "Animal House __knowledge__ The film was produced by Matty Simmons of \"National Lampoon\" and Ivan Reitman for Universal Pictures.", "Animal House __knowledge__ It was inspired by stories written by Miller and published in \"National Lampoon\".", "Animal House __knowledge__ The stories were based on Ramis's experience in the Zeta Beta Tau fraternity at Washington University in St. Louis, as well as Miller's Alpha Delta Phi experiences at Ivy League Dartmouth College in New Hampshire, and producer Reitman's Delta Upsilon experiences at McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario.", "Sexuality in ancient Rome __knowledge__ Sexuality in ancient Rome, and more broadly, \"sexual attitudes and behaviors in ancient Rome,\" are indicated by Roman art, literature and inscriptions, and to a lesser extent by archaeological remains such as erotic artifacts and architecture.", "Sexuality in ancient Rome __knowledge__ It has sometimes been assumed that \"unlimited sexual license\" was characteristic of ancient Rome; Verstraete and Provençal express the opinion that this perspective was simply a Christian interpretation: \"The sexuality of the Romans has never had good press in the West ever since the rise of Christianity.", "Sexuality in ancient Rome __knowledge__ In the popular imagination and culture, it is synonymous with sexual license and abuse.\"" ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Toga party __knowledge__ A toga party is a type of costume party with a Roman or Greek theme and in which male and female attendees are expected to wear a toga, or a semblance thereof, normally made from a bed sheet, and sandals.", "Toga party __knowledge__ At toga parties, the costumes, party games and other entertainment often follow a Roman or Greek theme.", "Toga party __knowledge__ Toga parties held by college or university students are associated with keg parties and excessive drinking.", "Toga party __knowledge__ The earliest known college \"toga parties\" took place in the early 1950s.", "Toga party __knowledge__ Toga parties are recorded, for example, in the yearbooks for Theta Delta Chi (1952) and the University of Michigan's Acacia fraternity (1953).", "Toga party __knowledge__ Another early college student toga party took place in 1953, when Pomona College students wore togas and ivy wreaths, and brought their dorm mattresses to freshman Mark Neuman's home on Hillcrest Avenue in nearby Flintridge.", "Toga party __knowledge__ For the eight decades before such Greek-themed parties became known as \"toga parties\" in the 1950s, similar parties, generally called \"bed sheet and pillow slip\" parties (or simply, \"pillow slip\" parties), in which attendees wrapped themselves in sheets and pillow cases, were regularly held by fraternal orders (like the Masons, Odd Fellows and Elks), civic organizations and church groups.", "Bed sheet __knowledge__ A bed sheet is a rectangular piece of cloth used as bedding, being placed immediately below or above bed occupants.", "Bed sheet __knowledge__ Bed sheets can generally be divided into two categories: \"top\" and \"bottom\" sheets.", "Bed sheet __knowledge__ A bottom sheet is laid above the mattress and bed occupants lie on it.", "Bed sheet __knowledge__ It may be either a flat sheet (extra fabric is usually tucked under the mattress), or a fitted sheet, which is sewn in a pocket-like shape to go down over the corners of the mattress, and has an elastic band around the edges of the sheet to prevent the sheet from slipping.", "Bed sheet __knowledge__ However, this can make it more difficult to fold when not in use.", "2008 Noida double murder case __knowledge__ The Noida double murder case refers to the unsolved murders of 14-year-old girl Aarushi Talwar and 45-year-old Hemraj Banjade, a live-in domestic worker, employed by her family in Noida, India.", "2008 Noida double murder case __knowledge__ The two were killed on the night of 15–16 May 2008 at Aarushi's home.", "2008 Noida double murder case __knowledge__ The case aroused public interest as a whodunit story, and received heavy media coverage.", "2008 Noida double murder case __knowledge__ The sensational media coverage, which included salacious allegations against Aarushi and the suspects, was criticized by many as a trial by media.", "2008 Noida double murder case __knowledge__ When Aarushi's body was discovered on 16 May, the missing servant Hemraj was considered as the main suspect.", "2004 SASFA Season __knowledge__ The 2004 SASFA season was the 6th regular season of the Texas Sixman Football League.", "2004 SASFA Season __knowledge__ The biggest change for the SFA was new commissioner Frank Rios taking over the league and renaming it to the San Antonio Sixman Football Association because of a sister league to open up in Austin, TX that subsequently fell through.", "2004 SASFA Season __knowledge__ 2004 was the second straight season that the league did not expand with the only change being the Outlawz went back to their original moniker the Longhorns.", "2004 SASFA Season __knowledge__ The Seminoles and Wolf Pack both returned for their sixth consecutive seasons of SFA football.", "2004 SASFA Season __knowledge__ The Mean Machine, Red Raiders and Rhinos continued for their fifth seasons.", "2000 SFA season __knowledge__ The 2000 SFA season was the 2nd regular season of the Texas Sixman Football League.", "2000 SFA season __knowledge__ 2000 was the first year that the SFA had two separate conferences.", "2000 SFA season __knowledge__ Now you had the Northern Conference and Southern Conference.", "2000 SFA season __knowledge__ The Seminoles, Wolf Pack and Vipers all returned for their second seasons of the SFA.", "2000 SFA season __knowledge__ The Bobcats, Longhorns, Mean Machine, Red Raiders and Rhinos are all in their first year of competition.", "2000 SFA season __knowledge__ The Northern Conference consisted of the Mean Machine, Rhinos, Wolf Pack and Vipers.", "2000 SFA season __knowledge__ The Southern Conference consisted of the Bobcats, Longhorns, Red Raiders and Seminoles.", "2000 SFA season __knowledge__ The second year of the SFA consisted of ten weeks from February 13, 2000 to May 21, 2000.", "2001 SFA Season __knowledge__ The 2001 SFA season was the 3rd regular season of the Texas Sixman Football League.", "2001 SFA Season __knowledge__ 2001 saw the conference setup continue and also the first time in league history that a team with a losing regular season record made the championship and won it.", "2001 SFA Season __knowledge__ The Seminoles, Wolf Pack and Vipers all returned for their third seasons of the SFA.", "2001 SFA Season __knowledge__ The Mean Machine, Red Raiders and Rhinos continued for their second seasons.", "2001 SFA Season __knowledge__ The Bucs, Mad Dogs, Rage, Sharks, Thunder and Wolverines are all in their first year of competition.", "2001 SFA Season __knowledge__ The Rhinos switched from the North to the South prior to the season's start.", "2001 SFA Season __knowledge__ The Northern Conference consisted of the Bucs, Mean Machine, Sharks, Thunder, Wolf Pack and Vipers.", "Mean Machine Angel __knowledge__ Mean \"Mean Machine\" Angel is a villain in the Judge Dredd stories of the British comic series \"2000 AD\".", "Mean Machine Angel __knowledge__ He is one of the sons of Elmer \"Pa\" Angel, and as such, is a member of the Angel Gang.", "Mean Machine Angel __knowledge__ When he was young, he was gentle, nice and utterly unlike his viciously criminal family.", "Mean Machine Angel __knowledge__ Pa Angel was not pleased by the boy's kind nature and kidnapped a surgeon from nearby Texas City to operate on him, making him the crazed cyborg he is now.", "Mean Machine Angel __knowledge__ He has a mechanical right arm and a steel dome over his skull with a dial on the front.", "Mean Machine Angel __knowledge__ This dial has four settings; from 1, where he is surly and disagreeable, all the way up to 4, which is when he is fully berserk.", "2002 SFA Season __knowledge__ The 2002 SFA season was the 4th regular season of the Texas Sixman Football League.", "2002 SFA Season __knowledge__ 2002 continued the tradition of expansion for the SFA adding 1 new team and bringing in a veteran team under a new banner after losing another.", "2002 SFA Season __knowledge__ The Seminoles and Wolf Pack both returned for their fourth seasons of the SFA.", "2002 SFA Season __knowledge__ The Mean Machine, Red Raiders and Rhinos continued for their third seasons.", "2002 SFA Season __knowledge__ The Bandits(previously Sharks), Bucs, Mad Dogs, Rage, Thunder and Wolverines are all in their second year of competition.", "2002 SFA Season __knowledge__ The Longhorns of the 2000 season re-entered the league as the Outlawz for their second season and the Six-Pack joined for their rookie season.", "Toga __knowledge__ The toga, a distinctive garment of Ancient Rome, was a roughly semicircular cloth, between 12 and 20 feet (365 to 609 centimeters) in length, draped over the shoulders and around the body.", "Toga __knowledge__ It was usually woven from white wool, and was worn over a tunic.", "Toga __knowledge__ In Roman historical tradition, it is said to have been the favoured dress of Romulus, Rome's founder; it was also thought to have been worn by both sexes, and by the citizen-military.", "Toga __knowledge__ As Roman women gradually adopted the stola, the toga was recognised as formal wear for Roman citizen men.", "Toga __knowledge__ Women engaged in prostitution might have provided the main exception to this rule.", "Clothing in ancient Rome __knowledge__ Clothing in ancient Rome generally comprised a short-sleeved or sleeveless, knee-length tunic for men and boys, and a longer, usually sleeved tunic for women and girls.", "Clothing in ancient Rome __knowledge__ On formal occasions, adult male citizens could wear a woolen toga, draped over their tunic, and married citizen women wore a woolen mantle, known as a palla, over a stola, a simple, long-sleeved, voluminous garment that hung to midstep.", "Clothing in ancient Rome __knowledge__ Clothing, footwear and accoutrements identified gender, status, rank and social class, and thus offered a means of social control.", "Clothing in ancient Rome __knowledge__ This was probably most apparent in the segregation of seating tiers at public theatres, games and festivals.", "Clothing in the ancient world __knowledge__ The preservation of fabric fibers and leathers allows for insights into the attire of ancient societies.", "Clothing in the ancient world __knowledge__ The clothing used in the ancient world reflects the technologies that these peoples mastered.", "Clothing in the ancient world __knowledge__ In many cultures, clothing indicated the social status of various members of society.", "Clothing in the ancient world __knowledge__ The development of attire and fashion is an exclusively human characteristic and is a feature of most human societies.", "Clothing in the ancient world __knowledge__ Clothing made of materials such as animal skins and vegetation was initially used by early humans to protect their bodies from the elements.", "Clothing in the ancient world __knowledge__ The usage of clothing and textiles across the ages reflects the varying development of civilizations and technologies.", "Biblical clothing __knowledge__ The clothing of the people in Biblical times was made from wool, linen, animal skins, and perhaps silk.", "Biblical clothing __knowledge__ Most events in the Old and New Testament take place in ancient Israel, and thus most Biblical clothing is ancient Hebrew clothing.", "Biblical clothing __knowledge__ They wore underwear and cloth skirts.", "Biblical clothing __knowledge__ Complete descriptions of the styles of dress among the people of the Bible is impossible because the material at hand is insufficient.", "Biblical clothing __knowledge__ Assyrian and Egyptian artists portrayed what is believed to be the clothing of the time, but there are few depictions of Israelite garb.", "Biblical clothing __knowledge__ One of the few available sources on Israelite clothing is the Bible.", "Byzantine dress __knowledge__ Byzantine dress changed considerably over the thousand years of the Empire, but was essentially conservative.", "Byzantine dress __knowledge__ The Byzantines liked color and pattern, and made and exported very richly patterned cloth, especially Byzantine silk, woven and embroidered for the upper classes, and resist-dyed and printed for the lower.", "Byzantine dress __knowledge__ A different border or trimming round the edges was very common, and many single stripes down the body or around the upper arm are seen, often denoting class or rank.", "Byzantine dress __knowledge__ Taste for the middle and upper classes followed the latest fashions at the Imperial Court.", "Byzantine dress __knowledge__ As in the West during the Middle Ages, clothing was very expensive for the poor, who probably wore the same well-worn clothes nearly all the time; this meant in particular that any costume owned by most women needed to fit throughout the full term of a pregnancy." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Toga party __knowledge__ A toga party is a type of costume party with a Roman or Greek theme and in which male and female attendees are expected to wear a toga, or a semblance thereof, normally made from a bed sheet, and sandals.", "Toga party __knowledge__ At toga parties, the costumes, party games and other entertainment often follow a Roman or Greek theme.", "Toga party __knowledge__ Toga parties held by college or university students are associated with keg parties and excessive drinking.", "Toga party __knowledge__ The earliest known college \"toga parties\" took place in the early 1950s.", "Toga party __knowledge__ Toga parties are recorded, for example, in the yearbooks for Theta Delta Chi (1952) and the University of Michigan's Acacia fraternity (1953).", "Toga party __knowledge__ Another early college student toga party took place in 1953, when Pomona College students wore togas and ivy wreaths, and brought their dorm mattresses to freshman Mark Neuman's home on Hillcrest Avenue in nearby Flintridge.", "Toga party __knowledge__ For the eight decades before such Greek-themed parties became known as \"toga parties\" in the 1950s, similar parties, generally called \"bed sheet and pillow slip\" parties (or simply, \"pillow slip\" parties), in which attendees wrapped themselves in sheets and pillow cases, were regularly held by fraternal orders (like the Masons, Odd Fellows and Elks), civic organizations and church groups.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Steven Paul Jobs (; February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011) was an American entrepreneur, business magnate, inventor, and industrial designer.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was the chairman, chief executive officer (CEO), and co-founder of Apple Inc.; CEO and majority shareholder of Pixar; a member of The Walt Disney Company's board of directors following its acquisition of Pixar; and the founder, chairman, and CEO of NeXT.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Jobs and Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak are widely recognized as pioneers of the microcomputer revolution of the 1970s and 1980s.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was born in San Francisco to parents who had to put him up for adoption at birth; he was raised in the San Francisco Bay Area during the 1960s.", "The Edge of Glory __knowledge__ \"The Edge of Glory\" is a song by American singer Lady Gaga from her second studio album, \"Born This Way\" (2011).", "The Edge of Glory __knowledge__ The song was released on May 9, 2011 as the album's third single.", "The Edge of Glory __knowledge__ Initially released as one of two promotional singles for \"Born This Way\", it shortly became a single following its success in digital outlets worldwide.", "The Edge of Glory __knowledge__ The song was written and produced by Gaga and Fernando Garibay, and is a pop, electro-rock, and disco song that speaks of the very last moments of life.", "The Edge of Glory __knowledge__ According to Gaga, lyrical inspiration came from the death of her grandfather, who died in September 2010.", "The Edge of Glory __knowledge__ Alongside a saxophone solo played by the late Clarence Clemons, the melody of the song resembles much of the musical works of Bruce Springsteen, and contains several qualities similar to that of 1980s adult contemporary musical works.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ TRL's Number Ones is the collection of music videos that had reached the number-one spot on the daily music video countdown show \"Total Request Live\" which aired on MTV from 1998 to 2008.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ Usually the same video will stay on the number-one spot for a series of weeks but after a certain period it will be retired or honorably discharged from the countdown and be put into the hall of fame.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ The music video is usually determined various ways such as voting online on MTV.com, the \"Billboard\" charts, ratings on the radio and downloads over the internet.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ January 2: \"Lose Yourself\" - Eminem January 3: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 6: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 7: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 8: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 9: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 10: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 13: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 14: \"All I Have\" - Jennifer Lopez featuring LL Cool J January 15: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 16: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 17: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 22: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 23: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 24: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 28: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 29: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 30: \"Bump, Bump, Bump\" - B2K featuring P. Diddy January 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 3: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 4: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 7: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 10: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 11: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 12: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 14: Valentine's Day Special #1 Video: \"Why I Love You\" - B2K February 17: TRL Awards #1 Video: \"Larger Than Life\" - Backstreet Boys February 18: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 19: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 20: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 21: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 24: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 25: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 26: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake February 27: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 28: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 3: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 4: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 7: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 10: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 11: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 12: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 14: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 17: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 18: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 19: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 20: Coverage on the war in Iraq March 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 24: \"The Hell Song\" - Sum 41 March 25: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 26: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 1: \"Girlfriend\" - B2K April 2: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 3: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 4: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 7: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 8: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 9: \"Addicted\" - Simple Plan April 10: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 11: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 15: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 16: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 17: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 18: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 22: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 23: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 24: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 25: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 28: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 29: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 30: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 1: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 2: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 5: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 6: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 7: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 8: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 9: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 12: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 13: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 15: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 16: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 19: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 20: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 22: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 26: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 27: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 28: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 29: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 30: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 2: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 3: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 4: \"Rock Wit U\" - Ashanti June 5: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 9: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 10: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 11: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 12: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 16: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 17: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 18: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 19: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 23: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 24: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 25: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 26: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 30: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 1: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 2: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 3: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 7: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 8: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 9: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 10: Dynamic Duos #1 Video: \"Girlfriend ( Remix )\"- 'N Sync featuring Nelly July 11: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 14: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 15: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 16: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 17: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 18: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 21: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 22: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 23: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 24: Funniest Video #1 Video: \"Without Me\" - Eminem July 25: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 28: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 29: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 30: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 31: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 1: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 4: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 5: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 6: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 7: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 8: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 11: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 12: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 13: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 14: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 15: August 18: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 19: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 20: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 21: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 26: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 27: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy August 28: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 29: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 2: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 3: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 4: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 5: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 8: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 9: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 10: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 11: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 12: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 15: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 17: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 18: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 19: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 23: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 24: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 25: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 26: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 29: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 30: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 1: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 2: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 3: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell October 6: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 7: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul October 8: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 9: \"Perfect\" - Simple Plan October 10: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 14: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 15: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 17: \"Trouble\" - P!nk October 18: \"Trouble\" - Pink October 21: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 23: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 27: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 28: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 29: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 30: \"Will You\" - P. O. D. October 31: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 3: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 4: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 5: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 6: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 7: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 11: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 12: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 13: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 14: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 17: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 18: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 19: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 20: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 24: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 25: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 1: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 2: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 3: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 4: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 5: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 8: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 11: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 16: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 17: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 18: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 19: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 22: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 23: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 29: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit December 30: Song Of The Year: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 5: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 6: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 7: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 8: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 13: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 14: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 16: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 19: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 21: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 22: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 26: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 27: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 28: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 29: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 30: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring Jason Weaver February 2: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 9: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 10: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 11: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 12: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 13: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte February 16: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 17: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 18: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 19: \"Sorry 2004\" - Ruben Studdard February 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 23: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 24: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 25: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon February 27: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 2: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 3: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 4: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 5: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 8: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears March 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 10: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 11: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 15: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 16: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 17: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 18: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 22: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 23: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 24: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 25: \"My Band\" - D12 March 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 29: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 30: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 31: \"My Band\" - D12 April 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 5: \"Naughty Girl\" - Beyoncé April 6: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 7: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 8: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 13: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 14: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 15: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 16: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 19: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 20: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 21: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 22: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 23: \"My Band\" - D12 April 26: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 27: \"My Band\" - D12 April 28: \"My Band\" - D12 April 29: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears May 3: \"My Band\" - D12 May 4: \"My Band\" - D12 May 5: \"My Band\" - D12 May 6: \"My Band\" - D12 May 7: \"My Band\" - D12 May 10: \"My Band\" - D12 May 11: \"My Band\" - D12 May 17: \"My Band\" - D12 May 18: \"Burn\" - Usher May 19: \"Burn\" - Usher May 20: \"Burn\" - Usher May 21: \"Burn\" - Usher May 24: \"My Band\" - D12 May 25: \"Burn\" - Usher May 26: \"Burn\" - Usher May 27: \"My Band\" - D12 May 28: \"My Band\" - D12 May 31: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 1: \"Burn\" - Usher June 2: \"Burn\" - Usher June 3: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 4: \"My Band\" - D12 June 7: \"My Band\" - D12 June 8: \"Burn\" - Usher June 9: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 10: Cross Country Countdown #1 Video: \"Forgot About Dre\" - Dr. Dre featuring Eminem June 11: \"Burn\" - Usher June 14: \"Burn\" - Usher June 15: \"How Come\" - D12 June 16: \"How Come\" - D12 June 17: \"How Come\" - D12 June 18: \"How Come\" - D12 June 21: \"How Come\" - D12 June 22: \"How Come\" - D12 June 23: \"Leave (Get Out)\" - JoJo June 24: \"How Come\" - D12 June 25: \"How Come\" - D12 June 28: \"Leave ( Get Out )\" - JoJo June 29: \"How Come\" - D12 June 30: \"Confessions Pt.", "All You Can Do __knowledge__ All You Can Do is the third studio album by American spoken word artist and rapper Watsky.", "All You Can Do __knowledge__ The 16-track album was released on August 12, 2014.", "All You Can Do __knowledge__ Watsky said in a YouTube video that he wanted the album to be a tribute to his parents, and that because of this, the album cover would be a photo of his father, poet Paul Watsky, and his cat, Saruman.", "All You Can Do __knowledge__ He also explained that he would like his mother to be on an alternate cover.", "All You Can Do __knowledge__ During this video, he also gave a preview of a song, entitled \"Hand Over Hand\" featuring producer and singer Anderson Paak.", "All You Can Do __knowledge__ The album was preceded by the single \"Whoa Whoa Whoa\", produced by Anderson Paak, Mr. Carmack, Mikos da Gawd, and Lo Def.", "Junie B. Jones __knowledge__ Junie B. Jones is a children's book series written by Barbara Park and illustrated by Denise Brunkus.", "Junie B. Jones __knowledge__ Published by Random House from 1992 to 2013, the stories begin with \"Junie B. Jones and the Stupid Smelly Bus\", in which Junie B. is an \"almost six year old\" starting her first day of kindergarten.", "Junie B. Jones __knowledge__ Aimed at beginning readers, the series centers on Junie B. Jones, a young girl who is just entering kindergarten in the first book in the series, \"Junie B. Jones and the Stupid Smelly Bus\" (1992).", "Junie B. Jones __knowledge__ In the opening sentences of that book, she declares, “My name is Junie B. Jones.", "Junie B. Jones __knowledge__ The B stands for Beatrice.", "Dick &amp; Dom in da Bungalow __knowledge__ Dick & Dom in da Bungalow was a CBBC entertainment television series presented by the duo Dick and Dom (Richard McCourt and Dominic Wood).", "Dick &amp; Dom in da Bungalow __knowledge__ The series was broadcast on weekend mornings on various BBC television channels for five series, running between 31 August 2002 and 11 March 2006.", "Dick &amp; Dom in da Bungalow __knowledge__ Much of the programme revolved around a loose game show format involving six studio contestants (or \"Bungalow Heads\").", "Dick &amp; Dom in da Bungalow __knowledge__ These were all children in Series 1-4, whilst in Series 5, five children and one celebrity were the contestants.", "Dick &amp; Dom in da Bungalow __knowledge__ Points were earned through success in various games throughout the show, although points could be awarded or taken away at any time by the hosts.", "List of EastEnders characters (2016) __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that first appeared in the BBC soap opera \"EastEnders\" in 2016, by order of first appearance.", "List of EastEnders characters (2016) __knowledge__ All characters are introduced by the show's executive producer Dominic Treadwell-Collins, or his successor Sean O'Connor.", "List of EastEnders characters (2016) __knowledge__ In January, Kyle Slater's close friend Sophie Dodd (Poppy Rush) and Stacey Branning's (Lacey Turner) psychiatric nurse Dr Delia Forde were both introduced.", "List of EastEnders characters (2016) __knowledge__ Joel Reynolds' brother Tim Reynolds, Jay Brown's (Jamie Borthwick) love interest Linzi Bragg (Amy-Leigh Hickman), Linzi's mother Thelma Bragg (Lorraine Stanley), Jordan Johnson's son JJ Johnson and Claudette Hubbard's (Ellen Thomas) foster son Linford Short (Leon Lopez) all made their first appearances in February.", "Toga __knowledge__ The toga, a distinctive garment of Ancient Rome, was a roughly semicircular cloth, between 12 and 20 feet (365 to 609 centimeters) in length, draped over the shoulders and around the body.", "Toga __knowledge__ It was usually woven from white wool, and was worn over a tunic.", "Toga __knowledge__ In Roman historical tradition, it is said to have been the favoured dress of Romulus, Rome's founder; it was also thought to have been worn by both sexes, and by the citizen-military.", "Toga __knowledge__ As Roman women gradually adopted the stola, the toga was recognised as formal wear for Roman citizen men.", "Toga __knowledge__ Women engaged in prostitution might have provided the main exception to this rule.", "Animal House __knowledge__ National Lampoon's Animal House is a 1978 American comedy film directed by John Landis and written by Harold Ramis, Douglas Kenney and Chris Miller.", "Animal House __knowledge__ It stars John Belushi, Tim Matheson, John Vernon, Verna Bloom, Thomas Hulce, Stephen Furst, and Donald Sutherland.", "Animal House __knowledge__ The film is about a misfit group of fraternity members who challenge the authority of the dean of Faber College.", "Animal House __knowledge__ The film was produced by Matty Simmons of \"National Lampoon\" and Ivan Reitman for Universal Pictures.", "Animal House __knowledge__ It was inspired by stories written by Miller and published in \"National Lampoon\".", "Animal House __knowledge__ The stories were based on Ramis's experience in the Zeta Beta Tau fraternity at Washington University in St. Louis, as well as Miller's Alpha Delta Phi experiences at Ivy League Dartmouth College in New Hampshire, and producer Reitman's Delta Upsilon experiences at McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario.", "Binge drinking __knowledge__ Binge drinking, or heavy episodic drinking, is a modern epithet for drinking alcoholic beverages with an intention of becoming intoxicated by heavy consumption of alcohol over a short period of time.", "Binge drinking __knowledge__ Binge drinking is a style of drinking that is popular in several countries worldwide, and overlaps somewhat with social drinking since it is often done in groups.", "Binge drinking __knowledge__ The degree of intoxication, however, varies between and within various cultures that engage in this practice.", "Binge drinking __knowledge__ A binge on alcohol can occur over hours, last up to several days, or in the event of extended abuse, even weeks.", "Binge drinking __knowledge__ Due to the long-term effects of alcohol misuse, binge drinking is considered to be a major public health issue.", "Clothing in ancient Rome __knowledge__ Clothing in ancient Rome generally comprised a short-sleeved or sleeveless, knee-length tunic for men and boys, and a longer, usually sleeved tunic for women and girls.", "Clothing in ancient Rome __knowledge__ On formal occasions, adult male citizens could wear a woolen toga, draped over their tunic, and married citizen women wore a woolen mantle, known as a palla, over a stola, a simple, long-sleeved, voluminous garment that hung to midstep.", "Clothing in ancient Rome __knowledge__ Clothing, footwear and accoutrements identified gender, status, rank and social class, and thus offered a means of social control.", "Clothing in ancient Rome __knowledge__ This was probably most apparent in the segregation of seating tiers at public theatres, games and festivals.", "Keg __knowledge__ A keg is a small barrel.", "Keg __knowledge__ Traditionally, a wooden keg is made by a cooper and used to transport items such as nails, gunpowder, and a variety of liquids.", "Keg __knowledge__ More recently, a keg is often constructed of aluminum or steel.", "Keg __knowledge__ It is commonly used to store, transport, and serve beer.", "Keg __knowledge__ Other alcoholic or non-alcoholic drinks, carbonated or non-carbonated, may be housed in a keg as well.", "Keg __knowledge__ Such liquids are generally kept under pressure.", "Keg __knowledge__ Beer kegs are made of stainless steel, or less commonly, of aluminium.", "Keg __knowledge__ A keg has a single opening on one end, called a \"bung.\"", "Keg __knowledge__ A tube called a \"spear\" extends from the opening to the other end.", "Sexuality in ancient Rome __knowledge__ Sexuality in ancient Rome, and more broadly, \"sexual attitudes and behaviors in ancient Rome,\" are indicated by Roman art, literature and inscriptions, and to a lesser extent by archaeological remains such as erotic artifacts and architecture.", "Sexuality in ancient Rome __knowledge__ It has sometimes been assumed that \"unlimited sexual license\" was characteristic of ancient Rome; Verstraete and Provençal express the opinion that this perspective was simply a Christian interpretation: \"The sexuality of the Romans has never had good press in the West ever since the rise of Christianity.", "Sexuality in ancient Rome __knowledge__ In the popular imagination and culture, it is synonymous with sexual license and abuse.\"" ] ]

[ 1, 1, 3, 56 ]

[ "I love me some Toga Parties!", "Its a type of costume party where you are expected to wear a toga but you can simply use a bed sheet and sandals!", "Toga parties typically have games involving kegs and excessive drinking!", "thats what im talking about! binging on alcohol can occur over hours and last up to several days!" ]

[ "Toga party", "Toga party", "Toga party", "Toga party" ]

[ "Novel", "Ah, the man of the mancha! His windmills and donkey - LOL! I'm actually trying to go through some of the classics as an adult now - some are still hard to understand.", "No, not much Dickens. I'd like to, but have only read bits and pieces. My daughter and I are trying to struggle through the Scarlet Letter right now.", "No, we are still struggling with this one - LOL!! But I have a list of ones she is to read this year, and some short stories also." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Novel __knowledge__ A novel is any relatively long work of narrative fiction, normally in prose, and typically published as a book.", "Novel __knowledge__ The genre has been described as having \"a continuous and comprehensive history of about two thousand years,\" with its origins in classical Greece and Rome, in medieval and early modern romance, and in the tradition of the novella.", "Novel __knowledge__ The latter, an Italian word for a short story to distinguish it from a novel, has been used in English since the 18th century for a work that falls somewhere in between.", "Novel __knowledge__ Ian Watt, in \"The Rise of the Novel\", suggested in 1957 that the novel first came into being in the early 18th century.", "Novel __knowledge__ Miguel de Cervantes author of \"Don Quixote\" (the first part of which was published in 1605), is frequently cited as the first significant European novelist of the modern era.", "Novel __knowledge__ The romance is a closely related long prose narrative.", "Novel __knowledge__ Walter Scott defined it as \"a fictitious narrative in prose or verse; the interest of which turns upon marvellous and uncommon incidents\", whereas in the novel \"the events are accommodated to the ordinary train of human events and the modern state of society\".", "Novel __knowledge__ However, many romances, including the historical romances of Scott, Emily Brontë's \"Wuthering Heights\" and Herman Melville's \"Moby-Dick\", are also frequently called novels, and Scott describes romance as a \"kindred term\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Novel __knowledge__ A novel is any relatively long work of narrative fiction, normally in prose, and typically published as a book.", "Novel __knowledge__ The genre has been described as having \"a continuous and comprehensive history of about two thousand years,\" with its origins in classical Greece and Rome, in medieval and early modern romance, and in the tradition of the novella.", "Novel __knowledge__ The latter, an Italian word for a short story to distinguish it from a novel, has been used in English since the 18th century for a work that falls somewhere in between.", "Novel __knowledge__ Ian Watt, in \"The Rise of the Novel\", suggested in 1957 that the novel first came into being in the early 18th century.", "Novel __knowledge__ Miguel de Cervantes author of \"Don Quixote\" (the first part of which was published in 1605), is frequently cited as the first significant European novelist of the modern era.", "Novel __knowledge__ The romance is a closely related long prose narrative.", "Novel __knowledge__ Walter Scott defined it as \"a fictitious narrative in prose or verse; the interest of which turns upon marvellous and uncommon incidents\", whereas in the novel \"the events are accommodated to the ordinary train of human events and the modern state of society\".", "Novel __knowledge__ However, many romances, including the historical romances of Scott, Emily Brontë's \"Wuthering Heights\" and Herman Melville's \"Moby-Dick\", are also frequently called novels, and Scott describes romance as a \"kindred term\".", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 (樱野3加1), also known as Sakurano in the Philippines, is a Taiwanese drama that airs Sunday on TTV/SETTV.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ This drama brings back Ming Dao and Joe Chen Qiao En.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ Xia Tian, Jia Jiang, Fang Wei, and Bulu all grew up on Westside Street together and currently study in Ying Ye School, one month away from graduation.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ Xia Tian's dad is a police officer in Westside Street and is retiring tomorrow.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ But just on that day, they all had a fight at school with the Dinosaur gang, and were almost expelled by the principal.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ Officer Xia went to settle the conflict and not only did it not get settled, his gun got misplaced by the principal too.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "Don Quixote __knowledge__ The story follows the adventures of a noble (hidalgo) named Alonso Quixano who reads so many chivalric romances that he loses his sanity and decides to set out to revive chivalry, undo wrongs, and bring justice to the world, under the name \"Don Quixote de la Mancha\".", "Don Quixote __knowledge__ He recruits a simple farmer, Sancho Panza, as his squire, who often employs a unique, earthy wit in dealing with Don Quixote's rhetorical orations on antiquated knighthood.", "Don Quixote __knowledge__ Don Quixote, in the first part of the book, does not see the world for what it is and prefers to imagine that he is living out a knightly story.", "Don Quixote __knowledge__ Throughout the novel, Cervantes uses such literary techniques as realism, metatheatre, and intertextuality.", "Castilla-La Mancha __knowledge__ Castilla-La Mancha (; ; sometimes written in English as Castile–La Mancha) is a south-western European region that was part of the Kingdom of Castile and one of the seventeen autonomous communities of modern Spain.", "Castilla-La Mancha __knowledge__ It is bordered by Castile and León, Madrid, Aragon, Valencia, Murcia, Andalusia, and Extremadura.", "Castilla-La Mancha __knowledge__ It is one of the most sparsely populated of Spain's autonomous communities.", "Castilla-La Mancha __knowledge__ Albacete is the largest and most populous city.", "Castilla-La Mancha __knowledge__ Its capital city is Toledo, and its judicial capital city is Albacete.", "Castilla-La Mancha __knowledge__ Castilla-La Mancha was formerly grouped with the province of Madrid into New Castile (\"Castilla la Nueva\"), but with the advent of the modern Spanish system of autonomous regions (\"Estado de las autonomías\"), it was separated due to great demographic disparity between the capital and the remaining New-Castilian provinces.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ This Is England '90 is a 2015 British TV drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne and produced by Warp Films.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ A spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\", it is also a sequel to the series \"This Is England '86\" and \"This Is England '88\".", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ \"This Is England '90\" was originally due in late 2012, but in July 2012, Meadows announced that the production had been put on hold in order for him to complete his The Stone Roses, and the actors were still waiting for confirmation as to when filming would start.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ In March 2014, Meadows confirmed that shooting would start later in the year although he had not yet finished the script.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ This Is England '86 is a 2010 British drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne, a spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\".", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Set three years later, it focuses on the mod revival scene rather than the skinhead subculture, with the gang variously adopting an eclectic mix of clothing styles.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Like the film version previously, Thomas Turgoose stars as Shaun, with central roles played by Joe Gilgun as Woody, now a scooter-riding mod, although girlfriend Lol (Vicky McClure) and her friend Trev stay loyal to their roots and still wear the skinhead garb.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Lol's sister Kelly has gone new wave/punk, while other gang members adopt psychobilly, early chav and mohican influences.", "LOL __knowledge__ LOL, or lol, is an acronym for laugh(ing) out loud or lots of laughs, and a popular element of Internet slang.", "LOL __knowledge__ It was first used almost exclusively on Usenet, but has since become widespread in other forms of computer-mediated communication and even face-to-face communication.", "LOL __knowledge__ It is one of many initialisms for expressing bodily reactions, in particular laughter, as text, including initialisms for more emphatic expressions of laughter such as LMAO (\"laugh(ing) my ass off\") and ROFL (or its older form ROTFL; \"roll(ing) on the floor laughing\").", "LOL __knowledge__ Other unrelated expansions include the now mostly obsolete \"lots of luck\" or \"lots of love\" used in letter-writing.", "Miguel de Cervantes __knowledge__ Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra ( or ; ; 29 September 1547 (assumed)22 April 1616) was a Spanish writer who is widely regarded as the greatest writer in the Spanish language and one of the world's pre-eminent novelists.", "Miguel de Cervantes __knowledge__ His masterpiece \"Don Quixote\" has been translated into more languages than any other book except the Bible.", "Miguel de Cervantes __knowledge__ His major work, \"Don Quixote\", sometimes considered the first modern novel, is a classic of Western literature, regarded among the best works of fiction ever written.", "Miguel de Cervantes __knowledge__ His influence on the Spanish language has been so great that the language is often called \"la lengua de Cervantes\" (\"the language of Cervantes\").", "Hispanism __knowledge__ Hispanism (sometimes referred to as Hispanic Studies or Spanish Studies) is the study of the literature and culture of the Spanish-speaking world, principally that of Spain and Hispanic America.", "Hispanism __knowledge__ It can also entail studying Spanish language and culture in the United States and in other presently or formerly Spanish-speaking countries in Africa, Asia, and the Pacific, such as Equatorial Guinea and the Philippines.", "Hispanism __knowledge__ A practicing scholar who specializes in this field is known as a Hispanist.", "Hispanism __knowledge__ During the 16th century, Spain was a motor of innovation in Europe, given its links to new lands, subjects, literary sorts and personages, dances, and fashions.", "Classic Chinese Novels __knowledge__ Classic Chinese Novels is one of several terms used in sinological scholarship to refer to various groupings of the most well-known traditional Chinese novels.", "Classic Chinese Novels __knowledge__ A very often used term is Four Classic Novels, which includes \"Romance of the Three Kingdoms\", \"Journey to the West\", \"Water Margin\" and \"Dream of the Red Chamber\"; yet another is Six Classic Novels, which additionally includes \"The Scholars\" and \"The Plum in the Golden Vase\".", "Classic Chinese Novels __knowledge__ These are the most read, studied and adapted works of pre-modern Chinese fiction.", "Classic Chinese Novels __knowledge__ Several terms have been used to refer to the novels and various subgroupings of them.", "Man of La Mancha __knowledge__ Man of La Mancha is a 1964 musical with a book by Dale Wasserman, lyrics by Joe Darion, and music by Mitch Leigh.", "Man of La Mancha __knowledge__ It is adapted from Wasserman's non-musical 1959 teleplay \"I, Don Quixote\", which was in turn inspired by Miguel de Cervantes and his 17th-century masterpiece \"Don Quixote\".", "Man of La Mancha __knowledge__ It tells the story of the \"mad\" knight Don Quixote as a play within a play, performed by Cervantes and his fellow prisoners as he awaits a hearing with the Spanish Inquisition.", "Man of La Mancha __knowledge__ The work is not and does not pretend to be a faithful rendition of either Cervantes' life or of \"Don Quixote\".", "Man of La Mancha __knowledge__ Wasserman complained repeatedly about taking the work as a musical version of \"Don Quixote\".", "Don Quixote (unfinished film) __knowledge__ Don Quixote is an unfinished film project produced, written and directed by Orson Welles.", "Don Quixote (unfinished film) __knowledge__ Principal photography took place between 1957 and 1969.", "Don Quixote (unfinished film) __knowledge__ Test footage was filmed as early as 1955, second-unit photography was done as late as 1972, and Welles was working on the film intermittently until his death in 1985.", "Don Quixote (unfinished film) __knowledge__ The film was eventually edited by Jesús Franco and was released in 1992.", "Don Quixote (unfinished film) __knowledge__ It did not include all the footage shot for the film and received mixed reviews.", "Don Quixote (unfinished film) __knowledge__ \"Don Quixote\" was initially conceived in 1955 as a 30-minute film for CBS entitled \"Don Quixote Passes By\".", "Don Quixote (unfinished film) __knowledge__ Rather than offer a literal adaptation of the Miguel de Cervantes novel, Welles opted to bring the characters of Don Quixote and Sancho Panza into the modern age as living anachronisms." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Novel __knowledge__ A novel is any relatively long work of narrative fiction, normally in prose, and typically published as a book.", "Novel __knowledge__ The genre has been described as having \"a continuous and comprehensive history of about two thousand years,\" with its origins in classical Greece and Rome, in medieval and early modern romance, and in the tradition of the novella.", "Novel __knowledge__ The latter, an Italian word for a short story to distinguish it from a novel, has been used in English since the 18th century for a work that falls somewhere in between.", "Novel __knowledge__ Ian Watt, in \"The Rise of the Novel\", suggested in 1957 that the novel first came into being in the early 18th century.", "Novel __knowledge__ Miguel de Cervantes author of \"Don Quixote\" (the first part of which was published in 1605), is frequently cited as the first significant European novelist of the modern era.", "Novel __knowledge__ The romance is a closely related long prose narrative.", "Novel __knowledge__ Walter Scott defined it as \"a fictitious narrative in prose or verse; the interest of which turns upon marvellous and uncommon incidents\", whereas in the novel \"the events are accommodated to the ordinary train of human events and the modern state of society\".", "Novel __knowledge__ However, many romances, including the historical romances of Scott, Emily Brontë's \"Wuthering Heights\" and Herman Melville's \"Moby-Dick\", are also frequently called novels, and Scott describes romance as a \"kindred term\".", "The Scarlet Letter __knowledge__ The Scarlet Letter: A Romance, an 1850 novel, is a work of historical fiction written by American author Nathaniel Hawthorne.", "The Scarlet Letter __knowledge__ It is considered his \"masterwork\".", "The Scarlet Letter __knowledge__ Set in 17th-century Puritan Massachusetts Bay Colony, during the years 1642 to 1649, it tells the story of Hester Prynne, who conceives a daughter through an affair and struggles to create a new life of repentance and dignity.", "The Scarlet Letter __knowledge__ Throughout the book, Hawthorne explores themes of legalism, sin, and guilt.", "The Scarlet Letter __knowledge__ In an extended introduction, Hawthorne describes his employment in the Salem Custom House, and how he purportedly found an old document and a piece of cloth embroidered with the letter \"A\" in a pile of old papers.", "Fredric Kroll __knowledge__ Fredric Joseph Kroll (born February 7, 1945 in Brooklyn, New York) is an American-German composer and writer.", "Fredric Kroll __knowledge__ He was born in 1945 as the only child of the piano teacher and schoolteacher Alexander Kroll, born in New York as the fourth child of White Russian Jewish immigrants, and the elementary school teacher Sarah Kroll, née Mahler, born in Warsaw.", "Fredric Kroll __knowledge__ At the age of eleven, he began to compose a cycle of 30 piano pieces in all tonalities, including the enharmonic relationships, to explore the potentials of each tonality to express different emotions.", "Fredric Kroll __knowledge__ He called them “Episodes,” in order to distinguish them from Chopin's “Préludes.” Although of uneven quality, they represent a quarry of thematic material (partially with Russian Jewish flavor) from which Kroll was later to draw in his magnum opus, his four-act opera “The Scarlet Letter.” He had written but five of the “Episodes” when, shortly after his twelfth birthday, he composed his Piano Sonata in B Minor which, albeit still brief, is a harbinger of his later ability to create in large forms.", "Nathaniel Hawthorne __knowledge__ Nathaniel Hawthorne (; born Nathaniel Hathorne; July 4, 1804 – May 19, 1864) was an American novelist, dark romantic, and short story writer.", "Nathaniel Hawthorne __knowledge__ He was born in 1804 in Salem, Massachusetts to Nathaniel Hathorne and the former Elizabeth Clarke Manning.", "Nathaniel Hawthorne __knowledge__ His ancestors include John Hathorne, the only judge involved in the Salem witch trials who never repented of his actions.", "Nathaniel Hawthorne __knowledge__ He entered Bowdoin College in 1821, was elected to Phi Beta Kappa in 1824, and graduated in 1825.", "Nathaniel Hawthorne __knowledge__ He published his first work in 1828, the novel \"Fanshawe\"; he later tried to suppress it, feeling that it was not equal to the standard of his later work.", "Charles Dickens __knowledge__ Charles John Huffam Dickens (; 7 February 1812 – 9 June 1870) was an English writer and social critic.", "Charles Dickens __knowledge__ He created some of the world's best-known fictional characters and is regarded by many as the greatest novelist of the Victorian era.", "Charles Dickens __knowledge__ His works enjoyed unprecedented popularity during his lifetime, and by the 20th century critics and scholars had recognised him as a literary genius.", "Charles Dickens __knowledge__ His novels and short stories enjoy lasting popularity.", "Charles Dickens __knowledge__ Born in Portsmouth, Dickens left school to work in a factory when his father was incarcerated in a debtors' prison.", "Charles Dickens __knowledge__ Despite his lack of formal education, he edited a weekly journal for 20 years, wrote 15 novels, five novellas, hundreds of short stories and non-fiction articles, lectured and performed readings extensively, was an indefatigable letter writer, and campaigned vigorously for children's rights, education, and other social reforms.", "Dickens in America __knowledge__ Dickens in America is a 2005 television documentary following Charles Dickens' travels across the United States in 1842, during which the young journalist penned a travel book, \"American Notes\".", "Dickens in America __knowledge__ In \"Dickens In America\", distinguished British actress Miriam Margolyes, a lifelong fan of Dickens, follows Dickens' 1842 American footsteps while encountering 21st-century US and some of its residents.", "Dickens in America __knowledge__ Interspersing history, travelogue and interviews, \"Dickens In America\" offers insight into Charles Dickens' love/hate relationship with North America and paints a personal and revealing portrait of modern-day US.", "John Updike __knowledge__ John Hoyer Updike (March 18, 1932 – January 27, 2009) was an American novelist, poet, short story writer, art critic, and literary critic.", "John Updike __knowledge__ One of only three writers to win the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction more than once (the others were Booth Tarkington and William Faulkner), Updike published more than twenty novels, more than a dozen short-story collections, as well as poetry, art and literary criticism and children's books during his career.", "John Updike __knowledge__ Hundreds of his stories, reviews, and poems appeared in \"The New Yorker\" starting in 1954.", "John Updike __knowledge__ He also wrote regularly for \"The New York Review of Books\".", "John Updike __knowledge__ His most famous work is his \"Rabbit\" series (the novels \"Rabbit, Run\"; \"Rabbit Redux\"; \"Rabbit Is Rich\"; \"Rabbit at Rest\"; and the novella \"Rabbit Remembered\"), which chronicles the life of the middle-class everyman Harry \"Rabbit\" Angstrom over the course of several decades, from young adulthood to death.", "Great Expectations __knowledge__ Great Expectations is the thirteenth novel by Charles Dickens and his penultimate completed novel; a bildungsroman that depicts the personal growth and personal development of an orphan nicknamed Pip.", "Great Expectations __knowledge__ It is Dickens's second novel, after \"David Copperfield\", to be fully narrated in the first person.", "Great Expectations __knowledge__ The novel was first published as a serial in Dickens's weekly periodical \"All the Year Round\", from 1 December 1860 to August 1861.", "Great Expectations __knowledge__ In October 1861, Chapman and Hall published the novel in three volumes.", "Great Expectations __knowledge__ The novel is set in Kent and London in the early to mid-19th century and contains some of Dickens's most memorable scenes, including the opening in a graveyard, where the young Pip is accosted by the escaped convict, Abel Magwitch.", "Sancho Panza __knowledge__ Sancho Panza is a fictional character in the novel \"Don Quixote\" written by Spanish author Don Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra in 1605.", "Sancho Panza __knowledge__ Sancho acts as squire to Don Quixote and provides comments throughout the novel, known as \"sanchismos\", that are a combination of broad humour, ironic Spanish proverbs, and earthy wit.", "Sancho Panza __knowledge__ \"Panza\" in Spanish means \"belly\" (cf.", "Sancho Panza __knowledge__ English \"paunch,\" Italian \"pancia\", several Italian dialects \"panza\", Portuguese \"pança\", French \"panse\").", "Sancho Panza __knowledge__ Before a fit of madness turned Alonso Quijano into Don Quixote, Sancho Panza was indeed his servant.", "Sancho Panza __knowledge__ When the novel begins, Sancho has been married for a long time to a woman named Teresa Cascajo and has a daughter, María Sancha (also named Marisancha, Marica, María, Sancha, and Sanchica), who is said to be old enough to be married.", "Don Quixote (unfinished film) __knowledge__ Don Quixote is an unfinished film project produced, written and directed by Orson Welles.", "Don Quixote (unfinished film) __knowledge__ Principal photography took place between 1957 and 1969.", "Don Quixote (unfinished film) __knowledge__ Test footage was filmed as early as 1955, second-unit photography was done as late as 1972, and Welles was working on the film intermittently until his death in 1985.", "Don Quixote (unfinished film) __knowledge__ The film was eventually edited by Jesús Franco and was released in 1992.", "Don Quixote (unfinished film) __knowledge__ It did not include all the footage shot for the film and received mixed reviews.", "Don Quixote (unfinished film) __knowledge__ \"Don Quixote\" was initially conceived in 1955 as a 30-minute film for CBS entitled \"Don Quixote Passes By\".", "Don Quixote (unfinished film) __knowledge__ Rather than offer a literal adaptation of the Miguel de Cervantes novel, Welles opted to bring the characters of Don Quixote and Sancho Panza into the modern age as living anachronisms.", "Don Quixote __knowledge__ The story follows the adventures of a noble (hidalgo) named Alonso Quixano who reads so many chivalric romances that he loses his sanity and decides to set out to revive chivalry, undo wrongs, and bring justice to the world, under the name \"Don Quixote de la Mancha\".", "Don Quixote __knowledge__ He recruits a simple farmer, Sancho Panza, as his squire, who often employs a unique, earthy wit in dealing with Don Quixote's rhetorical orations on antiquated knighthood.", "Don Quixote __knowledge__ Don Quixote, in the first part of the book, does not see the world for what it is and prefers to imagine that he is living out a knightly story.", "Don Quixote __knowledge__ Throughout the novel, Cervantes uses such literary techniques as realism, metatheatre, and intertextuality.", "Sancho Panza (brand) __knowledge__ Sancho Panza is the name of a premium cigar brand in Cuba dating from 1848, and still produced there for Habanos S.A., the Cuban state-owned tobacco company.", "Sancho Panza (brand) __knowledge__ Named for the rustic squire to Don Quixote in Miguel de Cervantes' 1605 novel of the same name, the name \"Sancho Panza\" was first used for a Havana cigar in 1848, when the \"marca\" of \"Sancho Panza\" was registered by Don Emilio Ohmsted.", "Sancho Panza (brand) __knowledge__ The original factory was located at 48 Angeles St. in Havana.", "Sancho Panza (brand) __knowledge__ Sometime during the 1880s, the brand was acquired by Ramon Allones and in 1940 was purchased by the Rey Del Mundo Cigar Co.", "Sancho Panza (brand) __knowledge__ The Sancho Panza factory and its assets were nationalized by the Cuban government on September 15, 1960.", "Don Quixote (Picasso) __knowledge__ Don Quixote is a 1955 sketch by Pablo Picasso of the Spanish literary hero and his sidekick, Sancho Panza.", "Don Quixote (Picasso) __knowledge__ It was featured on the August 18–24 issue of the French weekly journal \"Les Lettres Françaises\" in celebration of the 350th anniversary of the first part of Cervantes’s \"Don Quixote\".", "Don Quixote (Picasso) __knowledge__ Made on August 10, 1955, the drawing \"Don Quixote\" was in a very different style than Picasso’s earlier Blue, Rose, and Cubist periods.", "Don Quixote (Picasso) __knowledge__ The drawing is of Don Quixote de la Mancha, his horse Rocinante, his squire Sancho Panza and his donkey Dapple, the sun, and several windmills.", "Don Quixote (Picasso) __knowledge__ The bold lines, almost scribbles, that compose the figures are stark against a plain, white background.", "The Pickwick Papers __knowledge__ The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club (also known as The Pickwick Papers) was Charles Dickens's first novel.", "The Pickwick Papers __knowledge__ He was asked to contribute to the project as an up-and-coming writer following the success of \"Sketches by Boz\", published in 1836 (most of Dickens' novels were issued in shilling instalments before being published as complete volumes).", "The Pickwick Papers __knowledge__ Dickens (still writing under the pseudonym of Boz) increasingly took over the unsuccessful monthly publication after the original illustrator Robert Seymour had committed suicide.", "The Pickwick Papers __knowledge__ With the introduction of Sam Weller in chapter 10, the book became the first real publishing phenomenon, with bootleg copies, theatrical performances, Sam Weller joke books, and other merchandise.", "The Truth about Sancho Panza __knowledge__ \"The Truth about Sancho Panza\" (German: \"Die Wahrheit über Sancho Pansa\") is a short story by Franz Kafka.", "The Truth about Sancho Panza __knowledge__ It was published in 1931, seven years after the death of Kafka.", "The Truth about Sancho Panza __knowledge__ Max Brod selected stories and published them in the collection \"Beim Bau der Chinesischen Mauer\".", "The Truth about Sancho Panza __knowledge__ The first English translation by Willa and Edwin Muir was published by Martin Secker in London in 1933.", "The Truth about Sancho Panza __knowledge__ It appeared in \"The Great Wall of China.", "The Truth about Sancho Panza __knowledge__ Stories and Reflections\" (New York City: Schocken Books, 1946).", "The Truth about Sancho Panza __knowledge__ A parable rather than a story, the short piece centers on the role of Sancho Panza, a principal character in Don Quixote.", "The Truth about Sancho Panza __knowledge__ The narrator theorizes that Panza was a well of tales, lore and wisdom, as well as having a particular demon to exorcise." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Novel __knowledge__ A novel is any relatively long work of narrative fiction, normally in prose, and typically published as a book.", "Novel __knowledge__ The genre has been described as having \"a continuous and comprehensive history of about two thousand years,\" with its origins in classical Greece and Rome, in medieval and early modern romance, and in the tradition of the novella.", "Novel __knowledge__ The latter, an Italian word for a short story to distinguish it from a novel, has been used in English since the 18th century for a work that falls somewhere in between.", "Novel __knowledge__ Ian Watt, in \"The Rise of the Novel\", suggested in 1957 that the novel first came into being in the early 18th century.", "Novel __knowledge__ Miguel de Cervantes author of \"Don Quixote\" (the first part of which was published in 1605), is frequently cited as the first significant European novelist of the modern era.", "Novel __knowledge__ The romance is a closely related long prose narrative.", "Novel __knowledge__ Walter Scott defined it as \"a fictitious narrative in prose or verse; the interest of which turns upon marvellous and uncommon incidents\", whereas in the novel \"the events are accommodated to the ordinary train of human events and the modern state of society\".", "Novel __knowledge__ However, many romances, including the historical romances of Scott, Emily Brontë's \"Wuthering Heights\" and Herman Melville's \"Moby-Dick\", are also frequently called novels, and Scott describes romance as a \"kindred term\".", "Short story __knowledge__ A short story is a piece of prose fiction that can be read in one sitting.", "Short story __knowledge__ Emerging from earlier oral storytelling traditions in the 17th century, the short story has grown to encompass a body of work so diverse as to defy easy characterization.", "Short story __knowledge__ At its most prototypical the short story features a small cast of named characters, and focuses on a self-contained incident with the intent of evoking a \"single effect\" or mood.", "Short story __knowledge__ In doing so, short stories make use of plot, resonance, and other dynamic components to a far greater degree than is typical of an anecdote, yet to a far lesser degree than a novel.", "J. D. Salinger __knowledge__ Jerome David Salinger (; January 1, 1919 January 27, 2010) was an American writer known for his widely-read novel \"The Catcher in the Rye\".", "J. D. Salinger __knowledge__ Following his early success publishing short stories and \"The Catcher in the Rye\", Salinger led a very private life for more than a half-century.", "J. D. Salinger __knowledge__ He published his final original work in 1965 and gave his last interview in 1980.", "J. D. Salinger __knowledge__ Salinger was raised in Manhattan and began writing short stories while in secondary school.", "J. D. Salinger __knowledge__ Several were published in \"Story\" magazine in the early 1940s before he began serving in World War II.", "J. D. Salinger __knowledge__ In 1948, his critically acclaimed story \"A Perfect Day for Bananafish\" appeared in \"The New Yorker\" magazine, which became home to much of his later work.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ This Is England '86 is a 2010 British drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne, a spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\".", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Set three years later, it focuses on the mod revival scene rather than the skinhead subculture, with the gang variously adopting an eclectic mix of clothing styles.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Like the film version previously, Thomas Turgoose stars as Shaun, with central roles played by Joe Gilgun as Woody, now a scooter-riding mod, although girlfriend Lol (Vicky McClure) and her friend Trev stay loyal to their roots and still wear the skinhead garb.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Lol's sister Kelly has gone new wave/punk, while other gang members adopt psychobilly, early chav and mohican influences.", "LOL __knowledge__ LOL, or lol, is an acronym for laugh(ing) out loud or lots of laughs, and a popular element of Internet slang.", "LOL __knowledge__ It was first used almost exclusively on Usenet, but has since become widespread in other forms of computer-mediated communication and even face-to-face communication.", "LOL __knowledge__ It is one of many initialisms for expressing bodily reactions, in particular laughter, as text, including initialisms for more emphatic expressions of laughter such as LMAO (\"laugh(ing) my ass off\") and ROFL (or its older form ROTFL; \"roll(ing) on the floor laughing\").", "LOL __knowledge__ Other unrelated expansions include the now mostly obsolete \"lots of luck\" or \"lots of love\" used in letter-writing.", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ This Is England '88 is a 2011 British drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne as a spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\".", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ It is also a sequel to the 2010 television sequel-series \"This Is England '86\", set two and a half years later and starring as previously Thomas Turgoose as Shaun, Vicky McClure as Lol and Joe Gilgun as Woody.", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ Set during Christmas 1988, Lol is haunted by the devastating events that took place two and a half years before.", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ She and Woody both find themselves struggling to cope with their lives without each other after he leaves the gang.", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ Lol is carrying the burden of her guilt, whilst Woody is trying to build a domestic life with a new girlfriend and a potential promotion at work.", "Florence Virginia Foose Wilson Mayberry __knowledge__ Florence Virginia Foose Wilson Mayberry (September 18, 1906 – April 8, 1998) was a writer and convert to the Bahá'í Faith.", "Florence Virginia Foose Wilson Mayberry __knowledge__ After mostly being raised by her grandparents, her grandfather in particular serving in the Union Army during the civil war, she joined the religion at age 35 and around the same time began also writing short fiction, eventually having a long career writing for Ellery Queen Mystery Magazine.", "Florence Virginia Foose Wilson Mayberry __knowledge__ In the religion, her service as a speaker was wide-ranging, and soon she advanced from position to position in the religion as first an Auxiliary Board member and then a Continental Counselor and then one serving at the International Teaching Centre - the highest appointed positions of the religion during her later years.", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that were introduced in CBBC's \"The Story of Tracy Beaker\".", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ The series is based on the book of the same name by Jacqueline Wilson.", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ It ran on for five series from 2002 to 2005.", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ The series was followed by \"Tracy Beaker Returns\" that ran for three series from 2010 to 2012 and then \"The Dumping Ground\" that has aired since 2013.", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ Connor Byrne has played the role of Mike Milligan for all three programmes.", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ Dani Harmer and Lisa Coleman reprised their roles as Tracy Beaker and Cam Lawson for \"Tracy Beaker Returns\".", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ Tracy Beaker, played by actress Dani Harmer, is the main (and title) character throughout \"The Story of Tracy Beaker\" and \"Tracy Beaker Returns\".", "The Scarlet Letter __knowledge__ The Scarlet Letter: A Romance, an 1850 novel, is a work of historical fiction written by American author Nathaniel Hawthorne.", "The Scarlet Letter __knowledge__ It is considered his \"masterwork\".", "The Scarlet Letter __knowledge__ Set in 17th-century Puritan Massachusetts Bay Colony, during the years 1642 to 1649, it tells the story of Hester Prynne, who conceives a daughter through an affair and struggles to create a new life of repentance and dignity.", "The Scarlet Letter __knowledge__ Throughout the book, Hawthorne explores themes of legalism, sin, and guilt.", "The Scarlet Letter __knowledge__ In an extended introduction, Hawthorne describes his employment in the Salem Custom House, and how he purportedly found an old document and a piece of cloth embroidered with the letter \"A\" in a pile of old papers.", "Nathaniel Hawthorne __knowledge__ Nathaniel Hawthorne (; born Nathaniel Hathorne; July 4, 1804 – May 19, 1864) was an American novelist, dark romantic, and short story writer.", "Nathaniel Hawthorne __knowledge__ He was born in 1804 in Salem, Massachusetts to Nathaniel Hathorne and the former Elizabeth Clarke Manning.", "Nathaniel Hawthorne __knowledge__ His ancestors include John Hathorne, the only judge involved in the Salem witch trials who never repented of his actions.", "Nathaniel Hawthorne __knowledge__ He entered Bowdoin College in 1821, was elected to Phi Beta Kappa in 1824, and graduated in 1825.", "Nathaniel Hawthorne __knowledge__ He published his first work in 1828, the novel \"Fanshawe\"; he later tried to suppress it, feeling that it was not equal to the standard of his later work.", "American literature __knowledge__ American literature is literature written or produced in the United States and its preceding colonies (for specific discussions of poetry and theater, see Poetry of the United States and Theater in the United States).", "American literature __knowledge__ Before the founding of the United States, the British colonies on the eastern coast of the present-day United States were heavily influenced by English literature.", "American literature __knowledge__ The American literary tradition thus began as part of the broader tradition of English literature.", "American literature __knowledge__ The revolutionary period is notable for the political writings of Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Paine.", "American literature __knowledge__ Thomas Jefferson's United States Declaration of Independence solidified his status as a key American writer.", "Young Goodman Brown __knowledge__ \"Young Goodman Brown\" is a short story published in 1835 by American writer Nathaniel Hawthorne.", "Young Goodman Brown __knowledge__ The story takes place in 17th century Puritan New England, a common setting for Hawthorne's works, and addresses the Calvinist/Puritan belief that all of humanity exists in a state of depravity, but that God has destined some to unconditional election through unmerited grace.", "Young Goodman Brown __knowledge__ Hawthorne frequently focuses on the tensions within Puritan culture, yet steeps his stories in the Puritan sense of sin.", "Young Goodman Brown __knowledge__ In a symbolic fashion, the story follows Young Goodman Brown's journey into self-scrutiny, which results in his loss of virtue and belief.", "Fredric Kroll __knowledge__ Fredric Joseph Kroll (born February 7, 1945 in Brooklyn, New York) is an American-German composer and writer.", "Fredric Kroll __knowledge__ He was born in 1945 as the only child of the piano teacher and schoolteacher Alexander Kroll, born in New York as the fourth child of White Russian Jewish immigrants, and the elementary school teacher Sarah Kroll, née Mahler, born in Warsaw.", "Fredric Kroll __knowledge__ At the age of eleven, he began to compose a cycle of 30 piano pieces in all tonalities, including the enharmonic relationships, to explore the potentials of each tonality to express different emotions.", "Fredric Kroll __knowledge__ He called them “Episodes,” in order to distinguish them from Chopin's “Préludes.” Although of uneven quality, they represent a quarry of thematic material (partially with Russian Jewish flavor) from which Kroll was later to draw in his magnum opus, his four-act opera “The Scarlet Letter.” He had written but five of the “Episodes” when, shortly after his twelfth birthday, he composed his Piano Sonata in B Minor which, albeit still brief, is a harbinger of his later ability to create in large forms.", "The House of the Seven Gables __knowledge__ The House of the Seven Gables is a Gothic novel written beginning in mid-1850 by American author Nathaniel Hawthorne and published in April 1851 by Ticknor and Fields of Boston.", "The House of the Seven Gables __knowledge__ The novel follows a New England family and their ancestral home.", "The House of the Seven Gables __knowledge__ In the book, Hawthorne explores themes of guilt, retribution, and atonement and colors the tale with suggestions of the supernatural and witchcraft.", "The House of the Seven Gables __knowledge__ The setting for the book was inspired by a gabled house in Salem belonging to Hawthorne's cousin Susanna Ingersoll and by ancestors of Hawthorne who had played a part in the Salem Witch Trials of 1692.", "The House of the Seven Gables __knowledge__ The book was well received upon publication and later had a strong influence on the work of H. P. Lovecraft.", "English literature __knowledge__ This article is focused on English-language literature rather than the literature of England, so that it includes writers from Scotland, Wales, and the whole of Ireland, as well as literature in English from countries of the former British Empire, including the United States.", "English literature __knowledge__ However, until the early 19th century, it only deals with the literature of the United Kingdom and Ireland.", "English literature __knowledge__ It does not include literature written in the other languages of Britain.", "English literature __knowledge__ The English language has developed over the course of more than 1,400 years.", "English literature __knowledge__ The earliest forms of English, a set of Anglo-Frisian dialects brought to Great Britain by Anglo-Saxon settlers in the fifth century, are called Old English." ] ]

[ 5, 20, 12, 13 ]

[ "I have read many classic novels. I have even struggled through Don Quixote.", "Yes! ol' Sancho Panza, poor fellow. Have you read much Dickens?", "I love the Scarlet Letter, although it is a bit dense at times. The exploration of the puritan morality of the era is fascinating. Have you read anything else by Hawthorne?", "Is \"The Catcher in the Rye\" on that list? If not, it should be. I am currently re-reading it as an adult, and it is still good." ]

[ "Novel", "Novel", "Novel", "Novel" ]

[ "New York-style pizza", "That sounds good, do you know anything about the history of that style of pizza?", "That makes sense, can you tell me anything else about New York style pizza?", "Interesting, that sounds great. Do you know how many pizza stores are in New York?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "New York-style pizza __knowledge__ New York-style pizza is pizza made with a characteristically large hand-tossed thin crust, often sold in wide slices to go.", "New York-style pizza __knowledge__ The crust is thick and crisp only along its edge, yet soft, thin and pliable enough beneath its toppings to be folded in half to eat.", "New York-style pizza __knowledge__ Traditional toppings are simply tomato sauce and shredded mozzarella cheese.", "New York-style pizza __knowledge__ This style evolved in the U.S. from the pizza that originated in New York City in the early 1900s, itself derived from the pizza made in Italy.", "New York-style pizza __knowledge__ Today it is the dominant style eaten in the New York Metropolitan Area states of New York, New Jersey, and Connecticut, and variously popular throughout the United States.", "New York-style pizza __knowledge__ Regional variations exist throughout the Northeast and elsewhere in the U.S.", "New York-style pizza __knowledge__ The first pizzeria in the United States of America was founded by Gennaro Lombardi in New York City's Little Italy in 1905.", "New York-style pizza __knowledge__ An immigrant \"pizzaiolo\" (pizza maker) from Naples, he opened a grocery store in 1897; eight years later, it was licensed to sell pizza by New York State.", "New York-style pizza __knowledge__ An employee, Antonio Totonno Pero, began making pizza, which sold for five cents a pie.", "New York-style pizza __knowledge__ Many people, however, could not afford a whole pie and instead would offer what they could in return for a corresponding sized slice, which was wrapped in paper tied with string." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "New York-style pizza __knowledge__ New York-style pizza is pizza made with a characteristically large hand-tossed thin crust, often sold in wide slices to go.", "New York-style pizza __knowledge__ The crust is thick and crisp only along its edge, yet soft, thin and pliable enough beneath its toppings to be folded in half to eat.", "New York-style pizza __knowledge__ Traditional toppings are simply tomato sauce and shredded mozzarella cheese.", "New York-style pizza __knowledge__ This style evolved in the U.S. from the pizza that originated in New York City in the early 1900s, itself derived from the pizza made in Italy.", "New York-style pizza __knowledge__ Today it is the dominant style eaten in the New York Metropolitan Area states of New York, New Jersey, and Connecticut, and variously popular throughout the United States.", "New York-style pizza __knowledge__ Regional variations exist throughout the Northeast and elsewhere in the U.S.", "New York-style pizza __knowledge__ The first pizzeria in the United States of America was founded by Gennaro Lombardi in New York City's Little Italy in 1905.", "New York-style pizza __knowledge__ An immigrant \"pizzaiolo\" (pizza maker) from Naples, he opened a grocery store in 1897; eight years later, it was licensed to sell pizza by New York State.", "New York-style pizza __knowledge__ An employee, Antonio Totonno Pero, began making pizza, which sold for five cents a pie.", "New York-style pizza __knowledge__ Many people, however, could not afford a whole pie and instead would offer what they could in return for a corresponding sized slice, which was wrapped in paper tied with string.", "Sounds Good Feels Good __knowledge__ Sounds Good Feels Good is the second studio album by Australian rock band 5 Seconds of Summer.", "Sounds Good Feels Good __knowledge__ It was released on 23 October 2015 through the labels Hi or Hey and Capitol Records.", "Sounds Good Feels Good __knowledge__ Recording sessions took place from 2014 to 2015, in the United States.", "Sounds Good Feels Good __knowledge__ Record production of the album was handled by John Feldmann, The Monsters and the Strangerz, David Hodges and Mike Green.", "Sounds Good Feels Good __knowledge__ Recording and writing started after the band became popular worldwide with the release of their debut album, \"5 Seconds of Summer\", and two of its singles in particular, \"She Looks So Perfect\" and \"Amnesia\".", "Sounds Good Feels Good __knowledge__ Following the release of their live album \"LiveSOS\" in 2014, 5 Seconds of Summer took a break for the holidays.", "That Sounds Good to Me __knowledge__ \"That Sounds Good to Me\" is a song written and composed by Pete Waterman, Mike Stock and Steve Crosby that finished last when it represented the United Kingdom at the Eurovision Song Contest 2010 held in Oslo, Norway.", "That Sounds Good to Me __knowledge__ The song and performer was revealed as Josh Dubovie on 12 March 2010 who won \"Eurovision: Your Country Needs You\".", "That Sounds Good to Me __knowledge__ The song was initially written by Pete Waterman and Mike Stock before even the gender of the singer had been chosen.", "That Sounds Good to Me __knowledge__ It was only revealed to the public on 29 January 2010 that Pete Waterman would write the song.", "That Sounds Good to Me __knowledge__ On 19 February the BBC confirmed that Mike Stock would join his Stock Aitken Waterman partner in co-writing the song.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "You Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ \"You Don't Know Anything\" is a song by American indie rock band Ivy.", "You Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ It was released by Atlantic Records on April 29, 1999 as the fourth and final single from their second studio album, \"Apartment Life\" (1997).", "You Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ The single was made available exclusively in Europe and featured the same two B-sides as previous single, \"This Is the Day\", which had been released by 550 Music in Austria.", "You Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ The track was written by Dominique Durand, Adam Schlesinger and Andy Chase while production was handled by the latter two and Peter Nashel.", "You Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ Released alongside \"This Is the Day\", \"You Don't Know Anything\" received promotion by Atlantic Records after the former track was included on the soundtrack for the 1998 film, \"There's Something About Mary\".", "United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest 2010 __knowledge__ The United Kingdom participated at the Eurovision Song Contest 2010, held in Oslo, Norway in May.", "United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest 2010 __knowledge__ The BBC announced on 29 January after months of speculation that British record producer and songwriter Pete Waterman would write the UK entry for the 2010 Contest.", "United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest 2010 __knowledge__ The song, \"That Sounds Good to Me\", was performed on 12 March 2010 on \"\", where Josh Dubovie was selected to represent the UK at Eurovision over five other finalists.", "United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest 2010 __knowledge__ The song came in last place.", "United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest 2010 __knowledge__ The song was 12th in the line-up for the Grand Final.", "United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest 2010 __knowledge__ After the United Kingdom's 5th-place finish in the 2009 Contest, thanks to Andrew Lloyd Webber and Jade Ewen, there was wide speculation on how the BBC would select the 2010 entry.", "Manatsu no Sounds Good! __knowledge__ In its first week, the CD single sold 1,616,795 copies according to Oricon and became AKB48's bestselling single.", "Manatsu no Sounds Good! __knowledge__ In August 2012, it was certified \"2 Million\" by RIAJ.", "Manatsu no Sounds Good! __knowledge__ On December 30, 2012, the song won the Grand Prix at the 54th Japan Record Awards, making this their second consecutive win for the group.", "Manatsu no Sounds Good! __knowledge__ The single is Atsuko Maeda's final recording with the group.", "Manatsu no Sounds Good! __knowledge__ \"Manatsu no Sounds Good\" comprises various editions released on May 23, 2012.", "Manatsu no Sounds Good! __knowledge__ The first presses of the single came with a ticket to vote in the AKB48 27th Single Senbatsu Election (to choose the members to be featured in the next AKB48's single, to be released in the summer.)", "New Haven-style pizza __knowledge__ New Haven-style pizza, locally known as apizza (, from Neapolitan \"’a pizza\" () \"the pizza\"), is a style of Neapolitan pizza common in and around New Haven, Connecticut.", "New Haven-style pizza __knowledge__ It originated at the Frank Pepe Pizzeria Napoletana and is now served in many other pizza restaurants in the area, most notably Sally's Apizza and Modern Apizza.", "New Haven-style pizza __knowledge__ This geographically limited pizza style has been favorably referenced by national critics.", "New Haven-style pizza __knowledge__ In a New Haven-style pizzeria, a \"plain\" pizza is crust, oregano, and tomato sauce with a little bit of grated pecorino romano cheese sprinkled on and does not include Mozzarella.", "Detroit-style pizza __knowledge__ Detroit-style pizza is a style of pizza developed in Detroit, Michigan.", "Detroit-style pizza __knowledge__ It is a rectangular pizza that has a thick deep-dish crisp crust and toppings such as pepperoni and mushrooms.", "Detroit-style pizza __knowledge__ What makes Detroit-style pizza different from Chicago and New York styles is the crust, which is extra thick and very crispy on the bottom.", "Detroit-style pizza __knowledge__ The square shaped pizza is the result of being baked in a square pan, which is often not a pizza pan: industrial parts trays are often used, which were originally made to hold small parts in factories.", "Detroit-style pizza __knowledge__ The crust of a Detroit-style pizza is occasionally twice-baked, and it is usually baked in a well-oiled pan to a chewy medium-well-done state that gives the bottom and edges of the crust a fried or crunchy texture.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ Chicago-style pizza refers to several different styles of pizza developed in Chicago.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ Arguably, the most famous of these is known as deep-dish pizza.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ The pan in which it is baked gives the pizza its characteristically high edge which gives a lot of space for large amounts of cheese and a chunky tomato sauce.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ Chicago-style pizza may be prepared in deep-dish style and as a stuffed pizza.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ According to Tim Samuelson, Chicago's official cultural historian, there is not enough documentation to determine with certainty who invented Chicago-style deep-dish pizza.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ It is often reported that Chicago-style deep-dish pizza was invented at Pizzeria Uno in Chicago, in 1943, by Uno's founder Ike Sewell, a former University of Texas football star.", "St. Louis-style pizza __knowledge__ St. Louis-style pizza is a distinct type of pizza popular in the Midwestern American city of St. Louis, Missouri and surrounding areas.", "St. Louis-style pizza __knowledge__ The definitive characteristics of St. Louis-style pizza are a very thin cracker like crust made without yeast, the common (but not universal) use of Provel processed cheese, and pizzas cut into squares or rectangles instead of wedges.", "St. Louis-style pizza __knowledge__ The thin, cracker-like round crust is made without yeast, as opposed to a deep dish Chicago-style pizza or the thin but leavened New York-style pizza.", "St. Louis-style pizza __knowledge__ The crust of a St. Louis pizza is somewhat crisp and cannot be folded easily so the pizza is typically cut into three- or four-inch squares or rectangles instead of the pie-like wedges typical of many pizza styles.", "California-style pizza __knowledge__ California-style pizza (also known as California pizza or Gourmet pizza) is a style of single-serving pizza that combines New York and Italian thin crust with toppings from the California cuisine cooking style.", "California-style pizza __knowledge__ Its invention is generally attributed to chef Ed LaDou, and Chez Panisse, in Berkeley, California.", "California-style pizza __knowledge__ Wolfgang Puck, after meeting LaDou, popularized the style of pizza in the rest of the country.", "California-style pizza __knowledge__ It is served in a number of California Cuisine restaurants.", "California-style pizza __knowledge__ Such restaurant chains as California Pizza Kitchen, Extreme Pizza, and Sammy's Woodfired Pizza are three major pizza franchises associated with California-style pizza." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "New York-style pizza __knowledge__ New York-style pizza is pizza made with a characteristically large hand-tossed thin crust, often sold in wide slices to go.", "New York-style pizza __knowledge__ The crust is thick and crisp only along its edge, yet soft, thin and pliable enough beneath its toppings to be folded in half to eat.", "New York-style pizza __knowledge__ Traditional toppings are simply tomato sauce and shredded mozzarella cheese.", "New York-style pizza __knowledge__ This style evolved in the U.S. from the pizza that originated in New York City in the early 1900s, itself derived from the pizza made in Italy.", "New York-style pizza __knowledge__ Today it is the dominant style eaten in the New York Metropolitan Area states of New York, New Jersey, and Connecticut, and variously popular throughout the United States.", "New York-style pizza __knowledge__ Regional variations exist throughout the Northeast and elsewhere in the U.S.", "New York-style pizza __knowledge__ The first pizzeria in the United States of America was founded by Gennaro Lombardi in New York City's Little Italy in 1905.", "New York-style pizza __knowledge__ An immigrant \"pizzaiolo\" (pizza maker) from Naples, he opened a grocery store in 1897; eight years later, it was licensed to sell pizza by New York State.", "New York-style pizza __knowledge__ An employee, Antonio Totonno Pero, began making pizza, which sold for five cents a pie.", "New York-style pizza __knowledge__ Many people, however, could not afford a whole pie and instead would offer what they could in return for a corresponding sized slice, which was wrapped in paper tied with string.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "New Haven-style pizza __knowledge__ New Haven-style pizza, locally known as apizza (, from Neapolitan \"’a pizza\" () \"the pizza\"), is a style of Neapolitan pizza common in and around New Haven, Connecticut.", "New Haven-style pizza __knowledge__ It originated at the Frank Pepe Pizzeria Napoletana and is now served in many other pizza restaurants in the area, most notably Sally's Apizza and Modern Apizza.", "New Haven-style pizza __knowledge__ This geographically limited pizza style has been favorably referenced by national critics.", "New Haven-style pizza __knowledge__ In a New Haven-style pizzeria, a \"plain\" pizza is crust, oregano, and tomato sauce with a little bit of grated pecorino romano cheese sprinkled on and does not include Mozzarella.", "Detroit-style pizza __knowledge__ Detroit-style pizza is a style of pizza developed in Detroit, Michigan.", "Detroit-style pizza __knowledge__ It is a rectangular pizza that has a thick deep-dish crisp crust and toppings such as pepperoni and mushrooms.", "Detroit-style pizza __knowledge__ What makes Detroit-style pizza different from Chicago and New York styles is the crust, which is extra thick and very crispy on the bottom.", "Detroit-style pizza __knowledge__ The square shaped pizza is the result of being baked in a square pan, which is often not a pizza pan: industrial parts trays are often used, which were originally made to hold small parts in factories.", "Detroit-style pizza __knowledge__ The crust of a Detroit-style pizza is occasionally twice-baked, and it is usually baked in a well-oiled pan to a chewy medium-well-done state that gives the bottom and edges of the crust a fried or crunchy texture.", "California-style pizza __knowledge__ California-style pizza (also known as California pizza or Gourmet pizza) is a style of single-serving pizza that combines New York and Italian thin crust with toppings from the California cuisine cooking style.", "California-style pizza __knowledge__ Its invention is generally attributed to chef Ed LaDou, and Chez Panisse, in Berkeley, California.", "California-style pizza __knowledge__ Wolfgang Puck, after meeting LaDou, popularized the style of pizza in the rest of the country.", "California-style pizza __knowledge__ It is served in a number of California Cuisine restaurants.", "California-style pizza __knowledge__ Such restaurant chains as California Pizza Kitchen, Extreme Pizza, and Sammy's Woodfired Pizza are three major pizza franchises associated with California-style pizza.", "Russo's New York Pizzeria __knowledge__ Russo’s New York Pizzeria is based in Houston, Texas and was established in 1992 by Anthony Russo.", "Russo's New York Pizzeria __knowledge__ The chain serves New York-style pizza as well as several different types of soups, salads, pastas, calzones and dessert.", "Russo's New York Pizzeria __knowledge__ They are famous for their \"party pizzas,\" which are in diameter.", "Russo's New York Pizzeria __knowledge__ Operating on the idea that \"if it’s not fresh, don’t serve it,\" the chain has over 30 locations in Arkansas, Florida, Hawaii, Oklahoma, Tennessee and Texas with several more in development.", "Russo's New York Pizzeria __knowledge__ All locations offer dine-in and takeout, and some also have options for delivery and catering.", "Russo's New York Pizzeria __knowledge__ International locations are open in Dubai, Abu Dhabi and Sharjah, UAE.", "Tony Gemignani __knowledge__ Anthony Felix \"Tony\" Gemignani (born August 23, 1973) is a 12-time World Pizza Champion, master instructor at the International School of Pizza, two-time Food Network gold medalist, restaurateur, author and reality television personality.", "Tony Gemignani __knowledge__ Gemignani is the president of the World Pizza Champions, is also a Guinness World Record holder and is the owner and executive chef of several restaurants.", "Tony Gemignani __knowledge__ Gemignani coined the phrase \"F&F\"' to describe his restaurants; Restaurants which are Full Service and Fast Casual at the same time.", "Tony Gemignani __knowledge__ Gemignani was born in Fremont, California to Frank and Eileen Gemignani.", "Tony Gemignani __knowledge__ He grew up on his family's apricot farm with his grandfather, parents and older brother, and is a third generation Italian American.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Midwestern cuisine is a regional cuisine of the American Midwest.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ It draws its culinary roots most significantly from the cuisines of Central, Northern and Eastern Europe, and Native North America, and is influenced by regionally and locally grown foodstuffs and cultural diversity.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Everyday Midwestern home cooking generally showcases simple and hearty dishes that make use of the abundance of locally grown foods.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Its culinary profiles may seem synonymous with \"American food.\"", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Quoted in a 2007 interview with the \"Daily Herald\", Chef Stephen Langlois, a pioneer in the Midwestern local food movement, described it: \"Think of Thanksgiving dinner.", "Clam pie __knowledge__ A clam pie is a savory meat pie prepared using clams as a primary ingredient, and it is a part of the cuisine of New England.", "Clam pie __knowledge__ It is also prepared as a type of pizza pie.", "Clam pie __knowledge__ White clam pie is a pizza variety that originated in New Haven, Connecticut.", "Clam pie __knowledge__ A clam pie is a meat pie prepared using clams as a main ingredient.", "Clam pie __knowledge__ Ingredients in addition to whole or chopped clams and pie crust can include potatoes, corn, onion, celery, garlic, clam juice, milk, eggs, hard-boiled eggs, butter, crushed crackers, seasonings, salt and pepper.", "Clam pie __knowledge__ Fresh or canned clams can be used to prepare the dish, and flour can be used to thicken the mixture.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The history of pizza begins in antiquity, when various ancient cultures produced flatbreads with toppings.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The precursor of pizza was probably the focaccia, a flat bread known to the Romans as \"panis focacius\", to which toppings were then added.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza developed in Naples, when tomato was added to the focaccia in the late 18th century.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The word \"pizza\" was first documented in AD 997 in Gaeta and successively in different parts of Central and Southern Italy.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Pizza was mainly eaten in the country of Italy and by emigrants from there.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ This changed after World War II, when Allied troops stationed in Italy came to enjoy pizza along with other Italian foods.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of main characters in the \"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\" franchise.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ The Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles are a team of mutant red-eared sliders named after four Renaissance artists and living in the sewers of New York City, where they train by day and fight crime by night as ninjas.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Leonardo is the calm and courageous leader of the Ninja Turtles.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ He is the most devoted student to Master Splinter and the study of Ninjutsu.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Leo wears a blue mask and wields two ninjakens, also known as ninjatō.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Raphael is the tough, sarcastic bad boy of the Ninja Turtles.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Raph wears a red mask and wields a pair of sais.", "Jumbo slice __knowledge__ A jumbo slice is an oversized New York-style pizza sold by the slice to go, especially popular in the Adams Morgan neighborhood of Washington, D.C. A circular pizza pie from which jumbo slices are cut may be up to in diameter, and individual slices can be more than long.", "Jumbo slice __knowledge__ As a phenomenon, the jumbo slice has been covered by local and national media for their unusually large size, the late-night crowd they tend to attract, and the ongoing rivalry among pizza proprietors claiming ownership of the term and of the largest slices.", "Jumbo slice __knowledge__ Typically, jumbo slices are offered in only two varieties: cheese and pepperoni." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "New York-style pizza __knowledge__ New York-style pizza is pizza made with a characteristically large hand-tossed thin crust, often sold in wide slices to go.", "New York-style pizza __knowledge__ The crust is thick and crisp only along its edge, yet soft, thin and pliable enough beneath its toppings to be folded in half to eat.", "New York-style pizza __knowledge__ Traditional toppings are simply tomato sauce and shredded mozzarella cheese.", "New York-style pizza __knowledge__ This style evolved in the U.S. from the pizza that originated in New York City in the early 1900s, itself derived from the pizza made in Italy.", "New York-style pizza __knowledge__ Today it is the dominant style eaten in the New York Metropolitan Area states of New York, New Jersey, and Connecticut, and variously popular throughout the United States.", "New York-style pizza __knowledge__ Regional variations exist throughout the Northeast and elsewhere in the U.S.", "New York-style pizza __knowledge__ The first pizzeria in the United States of America was founded by Gennaro Lombardi in New York City's Little Italy in 1905.", "New York-style pizza __knowledge__ An immigrant \"pizzaiolo\" (pizza maker) from Naples, he opened a grocery store in 1897; eight years later, it was licensed to sell pizza by New York State.", "New York-style pizza __knowledge__ An employee, Antonio Totonno Pero, began making pizza, which sold for five cents a pie.", "New York-style pizza __knowledge__ Many people, however, could not afford a whole pie and instead would offer what they could in return for a corresponding sized slice, which was wrapped in paper tied with string.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is a service in which a pizzeria or pizza chain delivers a pizza to a customer.", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ An order is typically made either by telephone or over the internet to the pizza chain, in which the customer can request pizza type, size and other products alongside the pizza, commonly including soft drinks.", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ Pizzas may be delivered in pizza boxes or delivery bags, and deliveries are made with either an automobile, motorized scooter, or bicycle.", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ Customers can, depending on the pizza chain, choose to pay online, or in person, with cash, credit or a debit card.", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ A delivery fee is often charged with what the customer has bought.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ The pizza box or pizza package is a folding box made of cardboard in which hot pizzas are stored in for takeaway.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ The \"pizza box\" also makes home delivery and takeaway substantially easier.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ The pizza box has to be highly resistant, cheap, stackable, thermally insulated to regulate humidity and suitable for food transportation.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ In addition, it provides space for advertising.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ The pizza packages differ from those of frozen pizzas, which contain the frozen product in heat-sealed plastic foils as is the case with much frozen food.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ Containers to deliver freshly baked pizzas have existed at least since the 19th century, when Neapolitan pizza bakers put their products in multi-layered metallic containers known as \"stufe\" (singular \"stufa\", \"oven\") and then sent them to the street sellers.", "Marco's Pizza __knowledge__ Marco’s Pizza, operated by Marco's Franchising, LLC, is a restaurant chain and interstate franchise based in Toledo, Ohio, that specializes in Italian-American cuisine.", "Marco's Pizza __knowledge__ The first store is in Oregon, Ohio, at Starr Avenue and Wheeling Street.", "Marco's Pizza __knowledge__ It was founded by Italian immigrant Pasquale “Pat” Giammarco in 1978.", "Marco's Pizza __knowledge__ As of mid-2017, there are more than 800 franchised Marco’s Pizza locations in 34 states and Puerto Rico as well as the Bahamas, and India.", "Marco's Pizza __knowledge__ Most recently, it was announced that Marco’s Pizza has doubled its size and expects to open its 1000th store by the end of 2018.", "Marco's Pizza __knowledge__ Marco’s Pizza credits its franchisees as well as its fresh dough, three-cheese blend, and secret pizza sauce recipe, created by founder Pat Giammarco, for its strong growth.", "Domino's Pizza Group __knowledge__ Domino's Pizza Group plc is a United Kingdom based master franchise of international fast food pizza delivery chain Domino's Pizza.", "Domino's Pizza Group __knowledge__ The company holds the exclusive right to own, operate and franchise branches of the chain in the United Kingdom, Ireland, Germany, Switzerland, Liechtenstein and Luxembourg.", "Domino's Pizza Group __knowledge__ The firm’s shares are listed on the London Stock Exchange, as a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index as of May 2015.", "Domino's Pizza Group __knowledge__ Domino’s Pizza Group is the largest master franchisee in the Domino’s system, measured by retail sales and store profits.", "Domino's Pizza Group __knowledge__ The Domino's Pizza company was founded in 1960, by American entrepreneur Tom Monaghan as a single pizzeria in Ypsilanti, Michigan.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of main characters in the \"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\" franchise.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ The Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles are a team of mutant red-eared sliders named after four Renaissance artists and living in the sewers of New York City, where they train by day and fight crime by night as ninjas.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Leonardo is the calm and courageous leader of the Ninja Turtles.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ He is the most devoted student to Master Splinter and the study of Ninjutsu.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Leo wears a blue mask and wields two ninjakens, also known as ninjatō.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Raphael is the tough, sarcastic bad boy of the Ninja Turtles.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Raph wears a red mask and wields a pair of sais.", "Floppy disk __knowledge__ A floppy disk, also called a floppy, diskette, or just disk, is a type of disk storage composed of a disk of thin and flexible magnetic storage medium, sealed in a rectangular plastic enclosure lined with fabric that removes dust particles.", "Floppy disk __knowledge__ Floppy disks are read and written by a floppy disk drive (FDD).", "Floppy disk __knowledge__ Floppy disks, initially as media and later in 5¼-inch (133 mm) and 3½-inch (90 mm) sizes, were a ubiquitous form of data storage and exchange from the mid-1970s into the first years of the 21st century.", "Floppy disk __knowledge__ By 2006 computers were rarely manufactured with installed floppy disk drives; 3½-inch floppy disks can be used with an external USB floppy disk drive, but USB drives for 5¼-inch, 8-inch, and non-standard diskettes are rare to non-existent.", "Plate tectonics __knowledge__ Plate tectonics (from the Late Latin \"tectonicus\", from the \"pertaining to building\") is a scientific theory describing the large-scale motion of seven large plates and the movements of a larger number of smaller plates of the Earth's lithosphere, since tectonic processes began on Earth between 3 and 3.5 billion years ago.", "Plate tectonics __knowledge__ The model builds on the concept of continental drift, an idea developed during the first decades of the 20th century.", "Plate tectonics __knowledge__ The geoscientific community accepted plate-tectonic theory after seafloor spreading was validated in the late 1950s and early 1960s.", "Plate tectonics __knowledge__ The lithosphere, which is the rigid outermost shell of a planet (the crust and upper mantle), is broken into tectonic plates.", "Neapolitan cuisine __knowledge__ Neapolitan cuisine has ancient historical roots that date back to the Greco-Roman period, which was enriched over the centuries by the influence of the different cultures that controlled Naples and its kingdoms, such as that of Aragon and France.", "Neapolitan cuisine __knowledge__ Since Naples was the capital of the Kingdom of Naples, its cuisine took much from the culinary traditions of all the Campania region, reaching a balance between dishes based on rural ingredients (pasta, vegetables, cheese) and seafood dishes (fish, crustaceans, mollusks).", "Neapolitan cuisine __knowledge__ A vast variety of recipes is influenced by the local aristocratic cuisine, such as \"timballo\" and the \"\", pasta or rice dishes with very elaborate preparation, and dishes from popular traditions prepared with inexpensive but nutritionally healthy ingredients, like \"pasta e fagioli\" (pasta with beans) and other pasta dishes with vegetables.", "Big N' Tasty __knowledge__ The Big N’ Tasty is a hamburger sold by the international fast food chain McDonald's.", "Big N' Tasty __knowledge__ It is designed to compete with the Burger King Whopper sandwich.", "Big N' Tasty __knowledge__ A similar variation called the Big Tasty, without the center \"N'\", which was first released in Jordan, is sold outside the United States in parts of Europe, South America, the Middle East, and Taiwan.", "Big N' Tasty __knowledge__ The Big N' Tasty consists of a seasoned quarter-pound (4 oz, 113.4 g) beef patty with ketchup, mayonnaise, slivered onions, two dill pickle slices, leaf lettuce, and one tomato slice on a sesame seed bun.", "Big N' Tasty __knowledge__ The Big Tasty configuration is somewhat different, consisting of a third-pound (151 g) beef patty, 5-inch (12.7 cm) sesame seed bun, square-cut lettuce, two tomato slices, sliced onions, three slices of Emmental cheese, and Big Tasty sauce (which has a smoke flavor).", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants Inc. is an American video game developer founded in 1994 by special-effects and computer-animation veterans Sherry McKenna and Lorne Lanning.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The company is primarily known for the incomplete \"Oddworld Quintology\", a series of award-winning video games about the fictional planet of Oddworld and its native creatures.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The series debuted with \"\" in 1997 and continued with \"\" in 2001 but the studio has also developed standalone titles \"\" in 1998 and \"\" in 2005.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants took a break from game development for a time following the release of \"Stranger's Wrath\", even though it had already begun preliminary work on its next Oddworld title, \"The Brutal Ballad of Fangus Klot\".", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ Filipino cuisine (Filipino: \"Lutuing Filipino\" or \"Pagkaing Filipino\") is composed of the cuisines of 135 distinct ethno-linguistic tribes found within the Philippine archipelago, however, majority of mainstream Filipino dishes that compose Filipino cuisine are from the cuisines of the Bikol, Chabakano, Hiligaynon, Ilokano, Kapampangan, Meranaw, Pangasinan, Sebwano (or Bisaya), Tagalog, and Waray ethno-linguistic tribes.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ The style of cooking and the food associated with it have evolved over many centuries from their Austronesian origins (shared with Malaysian and Indonesian cuisines) to a mixed cuisine of Indian, Chinese, Spanish, and American influences, in line with the major waves of influence that had enriched the cultures of the archipelago, as well as others adapted to indigenous ingredients and the local palate." ] ]

[ 1, 4, 2, 7 ]

[ "I love New York Style pizza! The crust is thin but chewy. Love to fold it like a taco.", "A little bit. It started in the U.S. in the early 1900s and it's based on the pizza pie from Italy.", "The slices are large and floppy. But the crust is still crisp and tasty.", "Unfortunately I don't, but i know the first one was founded in New York's Little Italy in 1905." ]

[ "New York-style pizza", "New York-style pizza", "New York-style pizza", "New York-style pizza" ]

[ "Crochet\nI like crocheting. Do you care for it?", "Well it actually originated back in England in the 19th century. ", "It has become more popular in the 21st century due to an increased interest in crafting", "It is kind of therapeutic. I think that is why many people choose it as a hobby", "It is enjoyable. It does take some getting used to though" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Crochet __knowledge__ \"Not to be confused with Crotchet, the common name for a Quarter note in music.\"", "Crochet __knowledge__ Crochet (; ) is a process of creating fabric by interlocking loops of yarn, thread, or strands of other materials using a crochet hook.", "Crochet __knowledge__ The name is derived from the French term \"crochet\", meaning 'small hook'.", "Crochet __knowledge__ These are made of materials such as metal, wood, or plastic and are manufactured commercially and produced in artisan workshops.", "Crochet __knowledge__ The salient difference between crochet and knitting, beyond the implements used for their production, is that each stitch in crochet is completed before proceeding with the next one, while knitting keeps a large number of stitches open at a time.", "Crochet __knowledge__ (Variant forms such as Tunisian crochet and broomstick lace keep multiple crochet stitches open at a time.)", "Crochet __knowledge__ The word crochet is derived from the Old French \"crochet\", a diminutive of \"croche\", in turn from the Germanic \"croc\", both meaning \"hook\".", "Crochet __knowledge__ It was used in 17th-century French lace making, \"crochetage\" designating a stitch used to join separate pieces of lace, and \"crochet\" subsequently designating both a specific type of fabric and the hooked needle used to produce it.", "Crochet __knowledge__ Although the fabric is not known to be crochet in the present sense, a genealogical relationship between the techniques sharing that name appears likely.", "Textile __knowledge__ A Textile is a flexible material consisting of a network of natural or artificial fibres (yarn or thread).", "Textile __knowledge__ Yarn is produced by spinning raw fibres of wool, flax, cotton, hemp, or other materials to produce long strands.", "Textile __knowledge__ Textiles are formed by weaving, knitting, crocheting, knotting, or felting.", "Textile __knowledge__ The related words fabric and cloth are often used in textile assembly trades (such as tailoring and dressmaking) as synonyms for \"textile\".", "Textile __knowledge__ However, there are subtle differences in these terms in specialized usage.", "Textile __knowledge__ A \"textile\" is any material made of interlacing fibres, including carpeting and geotextiles.", "Lydia Crocheting in the Garden at Marly (Mary Cassatt) __knowledge__ Lydia Crocheting in the Garden at Marly is an oil on canvas painting by Mary Cassatt created in 1880.", "Lydia Crocheting in the Garden at Marly (Mary Cassatt) __knowledge__ It is in the collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art.", "Lydia Crocheting in the Garden at Marly (Mary Cassatt) __knowledge__ Mary Cassatt's family had come to visit her at Marly-le-Roi in the summer of 1880 where the painter was living with her sister Lydia.", "Lydia Crocheting in the Garden at Marly (Mary Cassatt) __knowledge__ Lydia, who suffered from Bright's disease, had moved from Philadelphia to live with Cassatt after she had relocated to Paris.", "Lydia Crocheting in the Garden at Marly (Mary Cassatt) __knowledge__ At the time, unmarried women did not live alone, but as Lydia's disease progressed, she was no longer able to travel.", "Lydia Crocheting in the Garden at Marly (Mary Cassatt) __knowledge__ The remainder of the family joined the sisters in the summer of 1880 and Cassatt's work at that time shifted to images depicting home life.", "Pot-holder __knowledge__ A pot-holder is a piece of textile (often quilted) or silicone used to cover the hand when holding hot kitchen cooking equipment, like pots and pans.", "Pot-holder __knowledge__ They are frequently made of polyester and/or cotton.", "Pot-holder __knowledge__ Crocheted pot-holders can be made out of cotton yarn as a craft project/folk art.", "Pot-holder __knowledge__ A pot-holder offers protection for only one hand at a time.", "Pot-holder __knowledge__ To lift a pan with two hot handles using both hands, two pot-holders are needed.", "Pot-holder __knowledge__ For holding a hot piece of equipment, the pot-holder is folded around it and grasped with the hand.", "Pot-holder __knowledge__ Generally a rubber surface will be on one side for you to grip and a fabric side to absorb the heat on the other side.", "Daina Taimina __knowledge__ Daina Taimina (; born August 19, 1954) is a Latvian mathematician, currently Adjunct Associate Professor at Cornell University, known for crocheting objects to illustrate hyperbolic space.", "Daina Taimina __knowledge__ She received all her formal education in Riga, Latvia, where in 1977 she graduated summa cum laude from the University of Latvia and completed her graduate work in theoretical computer science (supervised by Prof. Rūsiņš Mārtiņš Freivalds) in 1990.", "Daina Taimina __knowledge__ At that time, a doctoral thesis had to be defended outside of Latvia, so she defended hers in Minsk.", "Daina Taimina __knowledge__ This explains the fact that formally Taimina's doctorate was issued by the Institute of Mathematics of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus.", "Snorri Goði __knowledge__ Snorri Þorgrímsson or Snorri Goði (; 963–1031) was a prominent chieftain in Western Iceland, who featured in a number of Icelandic sagas.", "Snorri Goði __knowledge__ The main source of his life is the \"Eyrbyggja saga\", in which he is the main character, although he also figures prominently in \"Njál's saga\" and the \"Laxdæla saga\".", "Snorri Goði __knowledge__ Snorri was the nephew of Gísli Súrsson, the hero of \"Gísla saga\", and son of Þorgrímr Þorsteinsson whom Gísli killed in revenge to fulfill a blood-oath.", "Snorri Goði __knowledge__ \"Eyrbyggja Saga\" says of him \"He was a very shrewd man with unusual foresight, a long memory and a taste for vengeance.", "Snorri Goði __knowledge__ To his friends he gave good counsel, but his enemies learned to fear the advice he gave.\"", "Eyrbyggja saga __knowledge__ Eyrbyggja saga () is one of the Icelanders' sagas; its title can be translated as \"The Saga of the People of Eyri.\"", "Eyrbyggja saga __knowledge__ It was written by an anonymous writer, who describes a long-standing feud between Snorri Goði and Arnkel Goði, two strong chieftains within the Norse community that settled in Iceland.", "Eyrbyggja saga __knowledge__ The title is slightly misleading as it deals also with the clans from Þórsnes and Alptafjörðr on Iceland.", "Eyrbyggja saga __knowledge__ The most central character is Snorri Þorgrímsson, referred to as Snorri goði and Snorri the Priest.", "Eyrbyggja saga __knowledge__ Snorri was the nephew of the hero of Gísla saga, and is also featured prominently in \"Njáls saga\" and \"Laxdœla saga\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Crochet __knowledge__ \"Not to be confused with Crotchet, the common name for a Quarter note in music.\"", "Crochet __knowledge__ Crochet (; ) is a process of creating fabric by interlocking loops of yarn, thread, or strands of other materials using a crochet hook.", "Crochet __knowledge__ The name is derived from the French term \"crochet\", meaning 'small hook'.", "Crochet __knowledge__ These are made of materials such as metal, wood, or plastic and are manufactured commercially and produced in artisan workshops.", "Crochet __knowledge__ The salient difference between crochet and knitting, beyond the implements used for their production, is that each stitch in crochet is completed before proceeding with the next one, while knitting keeps a large number of stitches open at a time.", "Crochet __knowledge__ (Variant forms such as Tunisian crochet and broomstick lace keep multiple crochet stitches open at a time.)", "Crochet __knowledge__ The word crochet is derived from the Old French \"crochet\", a diminutive of \"croche\", in turn from the Germanic \"croc\", both meaning \"hook\".", "Crochet __knowledge__ It was used in 17th-century French lace making, \"crochetage\" designating a stitch used to join separate pieces of lace, and \"crochet\" subsequently designating both a specific type of fabric and the hooked needle used to produce it.", "Crochet __knowledge__ Although the fabric is not known to be crochet in the present sense, a genealogical relationship between the techniques sharing that name appears likely.", "Technological and industrial history of Canada __knowledge__ The technological and industrial history of Canada encompasses the country's development in the areas of transportation, communication, energy, materials, public works, public services (health care), domestic/consumer and defense technologies.", "Technological and industrial history of Canada __knowledge__ Most technologies diffused in Canada came from other places; only a small number actually originated in Canada.", "Technological and industrial history of Canada __knowledge__ For more about those with a Canadian origin, see Invention in Canada.", "Technological and industrial history of Canada __knowledge__ The terms chosen for the \"age\" described below are both literal and metaphorical.", "Technological and industrial history of Canada __knowledge__ They describe the technology that dominated the period in question but are also representative of a large number of other technologies introduced during the same period.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The culture of the United Kingdom is influenced by the UK's history as a developed island country, a liberal democracy and a major power; its predominantly Christian religious life; and its composition of four countries—England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland—each of which has distinct customs, cultures and symbolism.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The wider culture of Europe has also influenced British culture, and Humanism, Protestantism and representative democracy developed from broader Western culture.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ British literature, music, cinema, art, theatre, comedy, media, television, philosophy, architecture and education are important aspects of British culture.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The Netherlands had a considerable part in the making of modern society.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The Netherlands and its people have made numerous seminal contributions to the world's civilization, especially in art, science, technology and engineering, economics and finance, cartography and geography, exploration and navigation, law and jurisprudence, thought and philosophy, medicine, and agriculture.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ Dutch-speaking people, in spite of their relatively small number, have a significant history of invention, innovation, discovery and exploration.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The following list is composed of objects, (largely) unknown lands, breakthrough ideas/concepts, principles, phenomena, processes, methods, techniques, styles etc., that were discovered or invented (or pioneered) by people from the Netherlands and Dutch-speaking people from the former Southern Netherlands (\"Zuid-Nederlanders\" in Dutch).", "United Kingdom __knowledge__ The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a sovereign country in western Europe.", "United Kingdom __knowledge__ Lying off the north-western coast of the European mainland, the UK includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland and many smaller islands.", "United Kingdom __knowledge__ Northern Ireland is the only part of the United Kingdom that shares a land border with another sovereign statethe Republic of Ireland.", "United Kingdom __knowledge__ Apart from this land border, the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, with the North Sea to its east, the English Channel to its south and the Celtic Sea to its south-south-west, giving it the 12th-longest coastline in the world.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ The music of Cuba, including its instruments, performance and dance, comprises a large set of unique traditions influenced mostly by west African and European (especially Spanish) music.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ Due to the syncretic nature of most of its genres, Cuban music is often considered one of the richest and most influential regional musics of the world.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ For instance, the son cubano merges an adapted Spanish guitar (tres), melody, harmony, and lyrical traditions with Afro-Cuban percussion and rhythms.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ Almost nothing remains of the original native traditions, since the native population was exterminated in the 16th century.", "Wales __knowledge__ Wales (; ) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and the island of Great Britain.", "Wales __knowledge__ It is bordered by England to the east, the Irish Sea to the north and west, and the Bristol Channel to the south.", "Wales __knowledge__ It had a population in 2011 of 3,063,456 and has a total area of .", "Wales __knowledge__ Wales has over of coastline and is largely mountainous, with its higher peaks in the north and central areas, including Snowdon (), its highest summit.", "Wales __knowledge__ The country lies within the north temperate zone and has a changeable, maritime climate.", "Wales __knowledge__ Welsh national identity emerged among the Celtic Britons after the Roman withdrawal from Britain in the 5th century, and Wales is regarded as one of the modern Celtic nations.", "History of Western civilization __knowledge__ Western civilization traces its roots back to Western Europe and the Western Mediterranean.", "History of Western civilization __knowledge__ It is linked to the Roman Empire and with Medieval Western Christendom which emerged from the Middle Ages to experience such transformative episodes as the Renaissance, the Reformation, the Enlightenment, the Industrial Revolution, scientific revolution, and the development of liberal democracy.", "History of Western civilization __knowledge__ The civilizations of Classical Greece, Ancient Rome and Ancient Israel are considered seminal periods in Western history; a few cultural contributions also emerged from the pagan peoples of pre-Christian Europe, such as the Celts and Germans.", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ A sewing machine is a machine used to stitch fabric and other materials together with thread.", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ Sewing machines were invented during the first Industrial Revolution to decrease the amount of manual sewing work performed in clothing companies.", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ Since the invention of the first working sewing machine, generally considered to have been the work of Englishman Thomas Saint in 1790, the sewing machine has greatly improved the efficiency and productivity of the clothing industry.", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ Home sewing machines are designed for one person to sew individual items while using a single stitch type.", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ In a modern sewing machine the fabric easily glides in and out of the machine without the inconvenience of needles and thimbles and other such tools used in hand sewing, automating the process of stitching and saving time.", "Quilt __knowledge__ A quilt is a multi-layered textile, traditionally composed of three layers of fiber: a woven cloth top, a layer of batting or wadding, and a woven back, combined using the technique of quilting, the process of sewing the three layers together.", "Quilt __knowledge__ The pattern of stitching can be the key decorative element if a single piece of fabric is used for the top of a quilt, (a \"wholecloth quilt\"), but in many cases the top is pieced from a patchwork of smaller fabric pieces; and the pattern and color of these pieces will be important to the design.", "Quilt __knowledge__ In the twenty-first century, quilts are frequently displayed as non-utilitarian works of art but historically quilts were often used as bedcovers; and this use persists today.", "Quilting __knowledge__ Quilting is the process of sewing two or more layers of fabric together to make a thicker padded material, usually to create a quilt or quilted garment.", "Quilting __knowledge__ Typically, quilting is done with three layers: the top fabric or quilt top, batting or insulating material and backing material, but many different styles are adopted.", "Quilting __knowledge__ The process of quilting uses a needle and thread to join two or more layers of material to make a quilt.", "Quilting __knowledge__ The quilter's hand or sewing machine passes the needle and thread through all layers and then brings the needle back up.", "Quilting __knowledge__ The process is repeated across the entire area where quilting is wanted.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing is the craft of fastening or attaching objects using stitches made with a needle and thread.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing is one of the oldest of the textile arts, arising in the Paleolithic era.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Before the invention of spinning yarn or weaving fabric, archaeologists believe Stone Age people across Europe and Asia sewed fur and skin clothing using bone, antler or ivory needles and \"thread\" made of various animal body parts including sinew, catgut, and veins.", "Sewing __knowledge__ For thousands of years, all sewing was done by hand.", "Sewing __knowledge__ The invention of the sewing machine in the 19th century and the rise of computerization in the 20th century led to mass production and export of sewn objects, but hand sewing is still practiced around the world.", "Machine embroidery __knowledge__ Machine embroidery is an embroidery process whereby a sewing machine or embroidery machine is used to create patterns on textiles.", "Machine embroidery __knowledge__ It is used commercially in product branding, corporate advertising, and uniform adornment.", "Machine embroidery __knowledge__ It is also used in the fashion industry to decorate garments and apparel.", "Machine embroidery __knowledge__ Machine embroidery is used by hobbyists and crafters to decorate gifts, clothing, and home decor.", "Machine embroidery __knowledge__ Examples include designs on quilts, pillows, and wall hangings.", "Machine embroidery __knowledge__ There are multiple types of machine embroidery.", "Machine embroidery __knowledge__ Free-motion sewing machine embroidery uses a basic zigzag sewing machine.", "Machine embroidery __knowledge__ Designs are done manually.", "Longarm quilting __knowledge__ Longarm quilting is the process by which a longarm sewing machine is used to sew together a quilt top, quilt batting and quilt backing into a finished quilt.", "Longarm quilting __knowledge__ The longarm sewing machine frame typically ranges from 10 to 14 feet in length (or, 3metres to 4.25 metres).", "Longarm quilting __knowledge__ A complete longarming system typically consists of an industrial length sewing machine head (19 - 30 inches,) a 10 to 14-foot frame, a table with a layer of plastic under which is placed a pantograph, and several rollers on which the fabric layers and batting are attached.", "Longarm quilting __knowledge__ Quilting using a longarm machine can take significantly less time than hand quilting or more traditional machine quilting.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The economic history of the United States is about characteristics of and important developments in the U.S. economy from colonial times to the present.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The emphasis is on economic performance and how it was affected by new technologies, the change of size in economic sectors and the effects of legislation and government policy.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ Specialized business history is covered in American business history.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The colonial economy differed significantly from that of most other regions in that land and natural resources were abundant in America but labor was scarce.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ From 1700 to 1775 the output of the thirteen colonies increased 12 fold, giving the colonies an economy about 30% the size of Britain's at the time of independence." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Crochet __knowledge__ \"Not to be confused with Crotchet, the common name for a Quarter note in music.\"", "Crochet __knowledge__ Crochet (; ) is a process of creating fabric by interlocking loops of yarn, thread, or strands of other materials using a crochet hook.", "Crochet __knowledge__ The name is derived from the French term \"crochet\", meaning 'small hook'.", "Crochet __knowledge__ These are made of materials such as metal, wood, or plastic and are manufactured commercially and produced in artisan workshops.", "Crochet __knowledge__ The salient difference between crochet and knitting, beyond the implements used for their production, is that each stitch in crochet is completed before proceeding with the next one, while knitting keeps a large number of stitches open at a time.", "Crochet __knowledge__ (Variant forms such as Tunisian crochet and broomstick lace keep multiple crochet stitches open at a time.)", "Crochet __knowledge__ The word crochet is derived from the Old French \"crochet\", a diminutive of \"croche\", in turn from the Germanic \"croc\", both meaning \"hook\".", "Crochet __knowledge__ It was used in 17th-century French lace making, \"crochetage\" designating a stitch used to join separate pieces of lace, and \"crochet\" subsequently designating both a specific type of fabric and the hooked needle used to produce it.", "Crochet __knowledge__ Although the fabric is not known to be crochet in the present sense, a genealogical relationship between the techniques sharing that name appears likely.", "Finnhorse __knowledge__ The Finnhorse or Finnish Horse (, literally \"horse of Finland\"; nickname: \"Suokki\", or , literally \"finnish cold-blood\") is a horse breed with both riding horse and draught horse influences and characteristics, and is the only breed developed fully in Finland.", "Finnhorse __knowledge__ In English it is sometimes called the Finnish Universal, as the Finns consider the breed capable of fulfilling all of Finland's horse needs, including agricultural and forestry work, harness racing, and riding.", "Finnhorse __knowledge__ In 2007, the breed was declared the official national horse breed of Finland.", "Finnhorse __knowledge__ The Finnhorse is claimed to be among the fastest and most versatile \"coldblood\" breeds in the world.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ The music of Cuba, including its instruments, performance and dance, comprises a large set of unique traditions influenced mostly by west African and European (especially Spanish) music.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ Due to the syncretic nature of most of its genres, Cuban music is often considered one of the richest and most influential regional musics of the world.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ For instance, the son cubano merges an adapted Spanish guitar (tres), melody, harmony, and lyrical traditions with Afro-Cuban percussion and rhythms.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ Almost nothing remains of the original native traditions, since the native population was exterminated in the 16th century.", "Yerevan __knowledge__ Yerevan (, ; , sometimes spelled Erevan) is the capital and largest city of Armenia as well as one of the world's oldest continuously inhabited cities.", "Yerevan __knowledge__ Situated along the Hrazdan River, Yerevan is the administrative, cultural, and industrial center of the country.", "Yerevan __knowledge__ It has been the capital since 1918, the thirteenth in the history of Armenia, and the seventh located in or around the Ararat plain.", "Yerevan __knowledge__ The city also serves as the seat of the Araratian Pontifical Diocese; the largest diocese of the Armenian Apostolic Church and one of the oldest dioceses in the world.", "Yerevan __knowledge__ The history of Yerevan dates back to the 8th century BC, with the founding of the fortress of Erebuni in 782 BC by king Argishti I at the western extreme of the Ararat plain.", "Culture of Australia __knowledge__ The culture of Australia is a Western culture, derived primarily from Britain but also influenced by the unique geography of Australia, the diverse input of Aboriginal, Torres Strait Islander and other Australian people.", "Culture of Australia __knowledge__ The British colonization of Australia began in 1788, and waves of multi-ethnic migration followed.", "Culture of Australia __knowledge__ Evidence of a significant Anglo-Celtic heritage includes the predominance of the English language, the existence of a democratic system of government drawing upon the British traditions of Westminster Government, Parliamentarianism and constitutional monarchy, American constitutionalist and federalist traditions, Christianity as the dominant religion, and the popularity of sports originating in (or influenced by) the British Isles.", "Kurds __knowledge__ The Kurds () or the Kurdish people (), are an ethnic group in the Middle East, mostly inhabiting a contiguous area spanning adjacent parts of southeastern Turkey (Northern Kurdistan), northwestern Iran (Eastern Kurdistan), northern Iraq (Southern Kurdistan), and northern Syria (Western Kurdistan).", "Kurds __knowledge__ The Kurds are culturally, historically and linguistically classified as belonging to the Iranian peoples.", "Kurds __knowledge__ Globally, the Kurds are estimated to number anywhere from a low of 30 million, to possibly as high as 45 million, with the majority living in the region they regard as Greater Kurdistan.", "Kurds __knowledge__ However, there are significant Kurdish diaspora communities in the cities of western Turkey, in particular Istanbul.", "Entertainment __knowledge__ Entertainment is a form of activity that holds the attention and interest of an audience, or gives pleasure and delight.", "Entertainment __knowledge__ It can be an idea or a task, but is more likely to be one of the activities or events that have developed over thousands of years specifically for the purpose of keeping an audience's attention.", "Entertainment __knowledge__ Although people's attention is held by different things, because individuals have different preferences in entertainment, most forms are recognisable and familiar.", "Entertainment __knowledge__ Storytelling, music, drama, dance, and different kinds of performance exist in all cultures, were supported in royal courts, developed into sophisticated forms and over time became available to all citizens.", "History of the United States __knowledge__ The history of the United States began with the settlement of Indigenous people before 10,000 BC.", "History of the United States __knowledge__ Numerous cultures formed.", "History of the United States __knowledge__ The arrival of Christopher Columbus in 1492 started the European colonization of the Americas.", "History of the United States __knowledge__ Most colonies formed after 1600.", "History of the United States __knowledge__ By the 1770s, thirteen British colonies contained 2.5 million people along the Atlantic coast east of the Appalachian Mountains.", "History of the United States __knowledge__ After defeating France, the British government imposed a series of new taxes after 1765, rejecting the colonists' argument that new taxes needed their approval (see Stamp Act 1765).", "History of the United States __knowledge__ Tax resistance, especially the Boston Tea Party (1773), led to punitive laws by Parliament designed to end self-government in Massachusetts.", "Quarter note __knowledge__ A quarter note (American) or crotchet (British, from the sense 'hook') is a note played for one quarter of the duration of a whole note (or \"semibreve\").", "Quarter note __knowledge__ Often, musicians will say that a crotchet is one beat, but this is not always correct, as the beat is indicated by the time signature of the music; a quarter note may or may not be the beat.", "Quarter note __knowledge__ Quarter notes are notated with a filled-in oval note head and a straight, flagless stem.", "Quarter note __knowledge__ The stem usually points upwards if it is below the middle line of the stave or downwards if it is on or above the middle line.", "Quarter note __knowledge__ However, the stem direction may differentiate more than one part.", "Tuplet __knowledge__ In music, a tuplet (also irrational rhythm or groupings, artificial division or groupings, abnormal divisions, irregular rhythm, gruppetto, extra-metric groupings, or, rarely, contrametric rhythm) is \"any rhythm that involves dividing the beat into a different number of equal subdivisions from that usually permitted by the time-signature (e.g., triplets, duplets, etc.)\"", "Tuplet __knowledge__ This is indicated by a number (or sometimes two), indicating the fraction involved.", "Tuplet __knowledge__ The notes involved are also often grouped with a bracket or (in older notation) a slur.", "Tuplet __knowledge__ The most common type is the \"triplet\".", "Tuplet __knowledge__ The modern term 'tuplet' comes from a mistaken splitting of the suffixes of words like quintu(s)-(u)plet and sextu(s)-(u)plet, and from related mathematical terms such as \"tuple\", \"-uplet\" and \"-plet\", which are used to form terms denoting multiplets (\"Oxford English Dictionary\", entries \"multiplet\", \"-plet, \"comb.", "Time signature __knowledge__ The time signature (also known as meter signature, metre signature, or measure signature) is a notational convention used in Western musical notation to specify how many beats (pulses) are to be contained in each measure (bar) and which note value is equivalent to one beat.", "Time signature __knowledge__ In a music score, the time signature appears at the beginning, as a time symbol or stacked numerals, such as or (read \"common time\" and \"three-four time\", respectively), immediately following the key signature or immediately following the clef symbol if the key signature is empty.", "Time signature __knowledge__ A mid-score time signature, usually immediately following a barline, indicates a change of meter.", "Half note __knowledge__ In music, a half note (American) or minim (British) is a note played for half the duration of a whole note (or semibreve) and twice the duration of a quarter note (or crotchet).", "Half note __knowledge__ It was given its Latin name (\"minima\", meaning \"least or smallest\") because it was the shortest of the five note values used in early medieval music notation .", "Half note __knowledge__ In time signatures with 4 as the bottom number, such as or , the half note is two beats long.", "Half note __knowledge__ However, when 2 is the bottom number (including \"alla breve\", ), the half note is one beat long.", "Half note __knowledge__ Half notes are notated with a hollow oval notehead like a whole note and straight note stem with no flags like a quarter note (see Figure 1).", "Numbered musical notation __knowledge__ The numbered musical notation (), is a musical notation system widely used in music publications in China.", "Numbered musical notation __knowledge__ Not to be confused with the integer notation.", "Numbered musical notation __knowledge__ It dates back to the system designed by Pierre Galin, known as Galin-Paris-Chevé system.", "Numbered musical notation __knowledge__ It is comparable to the Gongche notation from the Tang Dynasty.", "Numbered musical notation __knowledge__ It is also known as Ziffersystem, meaning \"number system\" or \"cipher system\" in German.", "Numbered musical notation __knowledge__ It should be noticed that some other unrelated musical notation systems are also called cipher notations.", "Numbered musical notation __knowledge__ The same system or very similar systems are used to some extent in some other countries such as Japan (with 7th being si), Indonesia, Australia, Ireland, the United Kingdom, the United States and English-speaking Canada.", "Mensural notation __knowledge__ Mensural notation is the musical notation system used for European vocal polyphonic music from the later part of the 13th century until about 1600.", "Mensural notation __knowledge__ The term \"mensural\" refers to the ability of this system to describe precisely measured rhythmic durations in terms of numerical proportions between note values.", "Mensural notation __knowledge__ Its modern name is inspired by the terminology of medieval theorists, who used terms like \"musica mensurata\" (\"measured music\") or \"cantus mensurabilis\" (\"measurable song\") to refer to the rhythmically defined polyphonic music of their age, as opposed to \"musica plana\" or \"musica choralis\", i.e., Gregorian plainchant.", "Half-time (music) __knowledge__ In popular music, half-time is a type of meter and tempo that alters the rhythmic feel by essentially \"doubling the tempo resolution\" or metric division/level in comparison to common-time.", "Half-time (music) __knowledge__ Thus approximates .", "Half-time (music) __knowledge__ It is not to be confused with \"alla breve\" or odd time.", "Half-time (music) __knowledge__ Though notes usually get the same value relative to the tempo, the way the beats are divided is altered.", "Half-time (music) __knowledge__ While much music typically has a backbeat on quarter note (crotchet) beats two and four, half time would increase the interval between backbeats to double, thus making it hit on beats three and seven (count out of an 8 beat measure [bar], common practice in half time): Essentially, a half time 'groove' is one that expands one measure over the course of two." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Crochet __knowledge__ \"Not to be confused with Crotchet, the common name for a Quarter note in music.\"", "Crochet __knowledge__ Crochet (; ) is a process of creating fabric by interlocking loops of yarn, thread, or strands of other materials using a crochet hook.", "Crochet __knowledge__ The name is derived from the French term \"crochet\", meaning 'small hook'.", "Crochet __knowledge__ These are made of materials such as metal, wood, or plastic and are manufactured commercially and produced in artisan workshops.", "Crochet __knowledge__ The salient difference between crochet and knitting, beyond the implements used for their production, is that each stitch in crochet is completed before proceeding with the next one, while knitting keeps a large number of stitches open at a time.", "Crochet __knowledge__ (Variant forms such as Tunisian crochet and broomstick lace keep multiple crochet stitches open at a time.)", "Crochet __knowledge__ The word crochet is derived from the Old French \"crochet\", a diminutive of \"croche\", in turn from the Germanic \"croc\", both meaning \"hook\".", "Crochet __knowledge__ It was used in 17th-century French lace making, \"crochetage\" designating a stitch used to join separate pieces of lace, and \"crochet\" subsequently designating both a specific type of fabric and the hooked needle used to produce it.", "Crochet __knowledge__ Although the fabric is not known to be crochet in the present sense, a genealogical relationship between the techniques sharing that name appears likely.", "Retirement __knowledge__ Retirement is the point where a person stops employment completely.", "Retirement __knowledge__ A person may also semi-retire by reducing work hours.", "Retirement __knowledge__ An increasing number of individuals are choosing to put off this point of total retirement, by selecting to exist in the emerging state of Pre-tirement.", "Retirement __knowledge__ Many people choose to retire when they are eligible for private or public pension benefits, although some are forced to retire when physical conditions no longer allow the person to work any longer (by illness or accident) or as a result of legislation concerning their position.", "Retirement __knowledge__ In most countries, the idea of retirement is of recent origin, being introduced during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ Self-disclosure is a process of communication by which one person reveals information about himself or herself to another.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ The information can be descriptive or evaluative, and can include thoughts, feelings, aspirations, goals, failures, successes, fears, and dreams, as well as one's likes, dislikes, and favorites.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ Social penetration theory posits that there are two dimensions to self-disclosure: breadth and depth.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ Both are crucial in developing a fully intimate relationship.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ The range of topics discussed by two individuals is the breadth of disclosure.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ The degree to which the information revealed is private or personal is the depth of that disclosure.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ United Kingdom labour law regulates the relations between workers, employers and trade unions.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ People at work in the UK benefit from a minimum charter of employment rights, which are found in various Acts, Regulations, common law and equity.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ This includes the right to a minimum wage of £7.50 for over 25-year-olds under the National Minimum Wage Act 1998.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ The Working Time Regulations 1998 give the right to 28 days paid holidays, breaks from work, and attempts to limit excessively long working hours.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ The Employment Rights Act 1996 gives the right to leave for child care, and the right to request flexible working patterns.", "Milton H. Erickson __knowledge__ Milton Hyland Erickson (5 December 1901 – 25 March 1980) was an American psychiatrist and psychologist specializing in medical hypnosis and family therapy.", "Milton H. Erickson __knowledge__ He was founding president of the American Society for Clinical Hypnosis and a fellow of the American Psychiatric Association, the American Psychological Association, and the American Psychopathological Association.", "Milton H. Erickson __knowledge__ He is noted for his approach to the unconscious mind as creative and solution-generating.", "Milton H. Erickson __knowledge__ He is also noted for influencing brief therapy, strategic family therapy, family systems therapy, solution focused brief therapy, and neuro-linguistic programming.", "Hobby __knowledge__ A hobby is a regular activity that is done for enjoyment, typically during one's leisure time.", "Hobby __knowledge__ Hobbies can include collecting themed items and objects, engaging in creative and artistic pursuits, playing sports, or pursuing other amusements.", "Hobby __knowledge__ A list of hobbies is lengthy and always changing as interests and fashions change.", "Hobby __knowledge__ By continually participating in a particular hobby, one can acquire substantial skills and knowledge in that area.", "Hobby __knowledge__ Engagement in hobbies has increased since the late nineteenth century as workers have more leisure time and advancing production and technology have provided more support for leisure activities.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ Homeschooling, also known as home education, is the education of children inside the home.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ Home education is usually conducted by a parent or tutor.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ Many families use less formal ways of educating.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ \"Homeschooling\" is the term commonly used in North America, whereas \"home education\" is commonly used in the United Kingdom, Europe, and in many Commonwealth countries.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ Before the introduction of compulsory school attendance laws, most childhood education was done by families and local communities.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ In many developed countries, homeschooling is a legal alternative to public and private schools.", "Homeschooling __knowledge__ In other nations, homeschooling remains illegal or restricted to specific conditions, as recorded by Homeschooling international status and statistics.", "Ostap Nyzhankivsky __knowledge__ Ostap Yosypovych Nyzhankivsky ( and ); 24 January 1863 – 22 May 1919) – Ukrainian writer and cleric, a priest of the UGCC, composer, conductor, and public figure.", "Ostap Nyzhankivsky __knowledge__ Ostap Nyzhankivsky born in the village of Mali Didushychi (today Stryi district of Lviv region) January 24, 1863.", "Ostap Nyzhankivsky __knowledge__ He was born in a large family of Greek Catholic priest of Joseph Nyzhankivsky (1836 - 1911), which was a priest of the Greek Catholic parish in the village Mali Didushychi.", "Ostap Nyzhankivsky __knowledge__ Then the family moved to the village Zavadiv.", "Ostap Nyzhankivsky __knowledge__ He studied in the nearby village Duliby and later he studied in Drohobych and Lviv gymnasium.", "Ostap Nyzhankivsky __knowledge__ Ostap Nyzhankivsky was expelled from the sixth grade of gymnasium and had to enter military service in the Austrian army in Lviv (1882-1885).", "Nestor Nyzhankivsky __knowledge__ Nestor Nyzhankivsky (\"Nestor Ostapovych Nyzhankivsky\") (); August 31, 1893, Berezhany Ternopil region now – April 12, 1940, Lodz, Poland (Son Ostap Nyzhankivsky) – Ukrainian composer, pianist and music critic.", "Nestor Nyzhankivsky __knowledge__ Was an avant-garde composer who received his doctoral degree in history from Vienna University and graduated from the Prague State Conservatory.", "Nestor Nyzhankivsky __knowledge__ Nestor Nyzhankivsky was born August 31, 1893, (Berezhany) in the family of the composer, conductor, a Greek Catholic priest Ostap Nyzhankivsky.", "Nestor Nyzhankivsky __knowledge__ Nyzhankivsky family moved to Stryi in 1900, where Nestor finished school and gymnasium.", "Nestor Nyzhankivsky __knowledge__ Then he studied at the Higher Music Institute Mykola Lysenko Lviv.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Robert James Smith (born 21 April 1959) is an English singer, songwriter and musician.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ He is the lead singer, guitarist, multi instrumentalist, lyricist, principal songwriter and only consistent member of the rock band The Cure, which he co-founded in 1976.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ He was also the lead guitarist for the band Siouxsie and the Banshees from 1982 to 1984 and was part of the short-lived group The Glove in 1983.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Smith is known for his distinctive voice and unique stage look, the latter of which was influential on the Goth subculture that rose to prominence in the 1980s.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Smith was born in the Lancashire town of Blackpool and is the third of four children born to James Alexander and Rita Mary (née Emmott) Smith.", "M33 (gene) __knowledge__ M33 is a gene.", "M33 (gene) __knowledge__ It is a mammalian homologue of \"Drosophila\" Polycomb.", "M33 (gene) __knowledge__ It localises to euchromatin within interphase nuclei, but it is enriched within the centromeric heterochromatin of metaphase chromosomes.", "M33 (gene) __knowledge__ In mice, the official symbol of M33 gene styled Cbx2 and the official name chromobox 2 are maintained by the MGI.", "M33 (gene) __knowledge__ Also known as pc; MOD2.", "M33 (gene) __knowledge__ In human ortholog CBX2, synonyms CDCA6\",\" M33\",\" SRXY5 from orthology source HGNC.", "M33 (gene) __knowledge__ M33 was isolated by means of the structural similarity of its chromodomain.", "M33 (gene) __knowledge__ It contains a region of homology shared by \"Xenopus\" and \"Drosophila\" in the fifth exon\".\"", "M33 (gene) __knowledge__ Polycomb genes in \"Drosophila\" mediate changes in higher-order chromatin structure to maintain the repressed state of developmentally regulated genes .", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Pet Sounds is the eleventh studio album by American rock band the Beach Boys, released on May 16, 1966.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ It initially met with a lukewarm critical and commercial response in the United States, peaking at number 10 in the \"Billboard\" 200, a significantly lower placement than the band's preceding albums.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the album was hailed by its music press and was an immediate commercial success, peaking at number 2 in the UK Top 40 Albums Chart and remaining among the top ten positions for six months.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Originally promoted as \"the most progressive pop album ever\", \"Pet Sounds\" attracted recognition for its ambitious recording and unusually sophisticated music, and is widely considered to be one of the most influential albums in music history.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ This Is England '86 is a 2010 British drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne, a spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\".", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Set three years later, it focuses on the mod revival scene rather than the skinhead subculture, with the gang variously adopting an eclectic mix of clothing styles.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Like the film version previously, Thomas Turgoose stars as Shaun, with central roles played by Joe Gilgun as Woody, now a scooter-riding mod, although girlfriend Lol (Vicky McClure) and her friend Trev stay loyal to their roots and still wear the skinhead garb.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Lol's sister Kelly has gone new wave/punk, while other gang members adopt psychobilly, early chav and mohican influences.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ This Is England '90 is a 2015 British TV drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne and produced by Warp Films.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ A spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\", it is also a sequel to the series \"This Is England '86\" and \"This Is England '88\".", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ \"This Is England '90\" was originally due in late 2012, but in July 2012, Meadows announced that the production had been put on hold in order for him to complete his The Stone Roses, and the actors were still waiting for confirmation as to when filming would start.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ In March 2014, Meadows confirmed that shooting would start later in the year although he had not yet finished the script." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Crochet __knowledge__ \"Not to be confused with Crotchet, the common name for a Quarter note in music.\"", "Crochet __knowledge__ Crochet (; ) is a process of creating fabric by interlocking loops of yarn, thread, or strands of other materials using a crochet hook.", "Crochet __knowledge__ The name is derived from the French term \"crochet\", meaning 'small hook'.", "Crochet __knowledge__ These are made of materials such as metal, wood, or plastic and are manufactured commercially and produced in artisan workshops.", "Crochet __knowledge__ The salient difference between crochet and knitting, beyond the implements used for their production, is that each stitch in crochet is completed before proceeding with the next one, while knitting keeps a large number of stitches open at a time.", "Crochet __knowledge__ (Variant forms such as Tunisian crochet and broomstick lace keep multiple crochet stitches open at a time.)", "Crochet __knowledge__ The word crochet is derived from the Old French \"crochet\", a diminutive of \"croche\", in turn from the Germanic \"croc\", both meaning \"hook\".", "Crochet __knowledge__ It was used in 17th-century French lace making, \"crochetage\" designating a stitch used to join separate pieces of lace, and \"crochet\" subsequently designating both a specific type of fabric and the hooked needle used to produce it.", "Crochet __knowledge__ Although the fabric is not known to be crochet in the present sense, a genealogical relationship between the techniques sharing that name appears likely.", "Dreaming of You (Selena album) __knowledge__ Dreaming of You is the fifth and final studio album by American singer Selena.", "Dreaming of You (Selena album) __knowledge__ Released posthumously on July 18, 1995 by EMI Latin and EMI Records, it was an immediate commercial and critical success, debuting atop the United States \"Billboard\" 200—the first predominately Spanish-language album to do so.", "Dreaming of You (Selena album) __knowledge__ It sold 175,000 copies on its first day of release in the U.S.—a then-record for a female vocalist.", "Dreaming of You (Selena album) __knowledge__ With first week sales of 331,000 units, it became the second-highest first-week sales for a female musician since Nielsen Soundscan began monitoring album sales in 1991.", "Dreaming of You (Selena album) __knowledge__ \"Billboard\" magazine declared it a \"historic\" event, while \"Time\" said the recording elevated Selena's music to a wider audience.", "List of Community characters __knowledge__ Community is an American television sitcom created by Dan Harmon.", "List of Community characters __knowledge__ The show, set at the fictional Greendale Community College, depicts the on-campus exploits of students brought together when they form a study group.", "List of Community characters __knowledge__ The show stars: The series also features recurring characters, mainly fellow students or teachers at Greendale.", "List of Community characters __knowledge__ The show revolves around the on- and off-campus exploits of seven students who are connected through their study group at Greendale Community College.", "List of Community characters __knowledge__ Jeffrey Tobias \"Jeff\" Winger (Joel McHale), is a sardonic, quick-witted ex-lawyer attending Greendale Community College.", "List of Community characters __knowledge__ He was born in Denver, Colorado to his parents William Winger and Doreen Winger née Fitzgerald.", "Citroën XM __knowledge__ The Citroën XM is an executive car that was produced by the French automaker Citroën between 1989 and 2000.", "Citroën XM __knowledge__ Citroën sold 333,775 XMs during the model's 11 years of production.", "Citroën XM __knowledge__ The XM was voted 1990 European Car of the Year.", "Citroën XM __knowledge__ Launched on 23 May 1989, the XM was the modern iteration of the \"Big Citroën\", a flagship saloon replacement for the Citroën CX.", "Citroën XM __knowledge__ It went on sale in its native France immediately afterwards, and was available in right-hand drive on the UK market from October 1989.", "Citroën XM __knowledge__ The XM estate was launched in the spring of 1991, until which time the estate version of the CX remained in production.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the various characters throughout the Japanese tokusatsu series \"Garo\", not including the Horrors, a breed of demonic beings that make for most of the series antagonists.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ The various holders of the title are the main characters of the franchise, armed with the blade.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ The Garo title, based on the word for \"hope\" in the old Makai language, is traditionally associated with the Saezima family.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ For reasons yet to be explained, the man who takes the title of Garo is often regarded to be the strongest Knight, widely known throughout the Makai community.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ This is however, not a formal ranking in itself and no preferential treatment is given to the said Knight, as evident with Kouga in \"\" who was in service for years before being promoted to be a Knight serving under the Senate.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ This is a list of aliens on Cartoon Network's \"Ben 10 franchise\".", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ Voiced by: Heatblast is a Pyronite from the star Pyros.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ He appears as a magma-based lifeform whose body is composed of a bright inner magma body covered by a reddish-brown charcoal-like crust.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ Heatblast is essentially \"living magma\", thus everything he touches either melts or catches fire.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ In the original series, he is the tenth alien in the Omnitrix.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ Heatblast is Ben's first transformation, accidentally activated and started a wildfire in the pilot episode of the original series, \"And Then There Were 10\" when Ben was trying to remove the Omnitrix immediately after it first attached to him.", "Escape from Scorpion Island (series 4) __knowledge__ Escape from Scorpion Island is a BAFTA-nominated BBC children's TV adventure game show in which contestants compete to \"escape from an exotic island\".", "Escape from Scorpion Island (series 4) __knowledge__ Series 4 was produced by Foundation/Freehand for CBBC and the Australian Broadcasting Corporation.", "Escape from Scorpion Island (series 4) __knowledge__ Series 4 was filmed in the Tallebudgera Valley in Queensland, Australia.", "Escape from Scorpion Island (series 4) __knowledge__ It first aired on CBBC on 9 August 2010 on Mondays to Thursdays, and BBC 2 on the weekends in the U.K., and in Australia it first aired on 13 October 2010 to 19 November 2010 and ran from Monday to Friday on ABC3.", "Escape from Scorpion Island (series 4) __knowledge__ Myleene Klass and Johny Pitts replaced JK and Joel as hosts for this series.", "Avengers vs. X-Men __knowledge__ \"Avengers vs. X-Men\" (abbreviated \"AvX'\" and \"AvsX\") is a 2012 crossover event that was featured in comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Avengers vs. X-Men __knowledge__ The event, consisting of an eponymous limited series and numerous tie-in books, involves the return of the Phoenix Force and the subsequent war between the Avengers and the X-Men.", "Avengers vs. X-Men __knowledge__ The 12-issue twice-monthly series was first published in April 2012, and features a storyline by Jason Aaron, Brian Michael Bendis, Ed Brubaker, Jonathan Hickman and Matt Fraction, with a rotating team of artists including John Romita, Jr., Olivier Coipel and Adam Kubert.", "Avengers vs. X-Men __knowledge__ The event was preceded by the four-issue limited series \"Avengers: X-Sanction\" by Jeph Loeb and Ed McGuinness and \"Avengers vs. X-Men #0\".", "Passion (emotion) __knowledge__ Passion (Greek \"πασχω\" and late Latin (Christian theology) \"pati\": \"suffer\") is a feeling of intense enthusiasm towards or compelling desire for someone or something.", "Passion (emotion) __knowledge__ Passion can range from eager interest in or admiration for an idea, proposal, or cause; to enthusiastic enjoyment of an interest or activity; to strong attraction, excitement, or emotion towards a person.", "Passion (emotion) __knowledge__ It is particularly used in the context of romance or sexual desire, though it generally implies a deeper or more encompassing emotion than that implied by the term \"lust\".", "Passion (emotion) __knowledge__ Denis Diderot describes passions as \"penchants, inclinations, desires and aversions carried to a certain degree of intensity, combined with an indistinct sensation of pleasure or pain, occasioned or accompanied by some irregular movement of the blood and animal spirits, are what we call passions.", "Hobby __knowledge__ A hobby is a regular activity that is done for enjoyment, typically during one's leisure time.", "Hobby __knowledge__ Hobbies can include collecting themed items and objects, engaging in creative and artistic pursuits, playing sports, or pursuing other amusements.", "Hobby __knowledge__ A list of hobbies is lengthy and always changing as interests and fashions change.", "Hobby __knowledge__ By continually participating in a particular hobby, one can acquire substantial skills and knowledge in that area.", "Hobby __knowledge__ Engagement in hobbies has increased since the late nineteenth century as workers have more leisure time and advancing production and technology have provided more support for leisure activities.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ Sounds Like Chicken was a band from Melbourne, Australia, which formed in 1999 and disbanded in 2007.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ They were one of Australia's most well-known ska bands and one of the most popular Christian bands in the country.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ They were signed to Boomtown Records.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ Sounds Like Chicken's musical style included a blend of Ska, Hardcore, Reggae & Rock.The band placed a high emphasis on touring and were known for their \"high energy\" live performances.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ Sounds Like Chicken shared stages and toured with such bands, including Reel Big Fish, Mad Caddies, Crowned King, Hilltop Hoods, Kisschasy, Area-7, Gyroscope, Bodyjar, 28 Days, Killing Heidi, The O.C.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound organized in time.", "Music __knowledge__ The common elements of music are pitch (which governs melody and harmony), rhythm (and its associated concepts tempo, meter, and articulation), dynamics (loudness and softness), and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture (which are sometimes termed the \"color\" of a musical sound).", "Music __knowledge__ Different styles or types of music may emphasize, de-emphasize or omit some of these elements.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is performed with a vast range of instruments and vocal techniques ranging from singing to rapping; there are solely instrumental pieces, solely vocal pieces (such as songs without instrumental accompaniment) and pieces that combine singing and instruments.", "Adam Ant's musical career __knowledge__ After the split with Adam and the Ants, Adam Ant went solo, taking his song writing partner Pirroni with him.", "Adam Ant's musical career __knowledge__ Merrick also briefly stayed aboard as drummer/producer for the UK edition of the first solo single \"Goody Two Shoes\" and demos for the upcoming \"Friend or Foe\" album before moving on to other production work, while Miall and Tibbs' contracts were left to expire.", "Adam Ant's musical career __knowledge__ With the old Ants all gone except Pirroni, and even he unwilling to perform live any more for the time being, Ant recruited a new band for touring, consisting of new dual drummers Bogdan Wiczling (ex-Fingerprintz) and Barry Watts (ex-Q-Tips), plus guitarist Cha Burns (also ex-Fingerprintz), bassist Chris Constantinou and the former Q-Tips brass section of trumpeter Tony Hughes and twin saxophonists Stewart van Blandamer and Steve Farr.", "Hobby horse __knowledge__ The term hobby horse is used, principally by folklorists, to refer to the costumed characters that feature in some traditional seasonal customs, processions and similar observances around the world.", "Hobby horse __knowledge__ They are particularly associated with May Day celebrations, Mummers plays and the Morris dance in England.", "Hobby horse __knowledge__ Hobby horses may be constructed in several different ways.", "Hobby horse __knowledge__ The types most frequently found in the United Kingdom have been categorised as follows: Not all hobby horses fit into these categories, even within the UK.", "Hobby horse __knowledge__ The famous May Day horses at Padstow and Minehead are large constructions, suspended at shoulder level, with only the performer's head emerging; they wear tall, pointed hats and their faces are masked.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Pet Sounds is the eleventh studio album by American rock band the Beach Boys, released on May 16, 1966.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ It initially met with a lukewarm critical and commercial response in the United States, peaking at number 10 in the \"Billboard\" 200, a significantly lower placement than the band's preceding albums.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the album was hailed by its music press and was an immediate commercial success, peaking at number 2 in the UK Top 40 Albums Chart and remaining among the top ten positions for six months.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Originally promoted as \"the most progressive pop album ever\", \"Pet Sounds\" attracted recognition for its ambitious recording and unusually sophisticated music, and is widely considered to be one of the most influential albums in music history." ] ]

[ 2, 1, 3, 33, 51 ]

[ "That's where you create fabric by lopping yarn right? I haven't tried it but my sister loves it. I' a master on the sewing machine. Tell me about it?", "I try not to confuse it with \"Crotchet\" a common name for a quarter note in music. What else you know about it? Way curious?", "I heard it means small hook. Not too creative of a name then lol. I think I want to try it though. sounds relaxing", "Sounds like a great hobby. I could see this being an activity I'd do for enjoyment. ", "I suppose anything done regularly as an activity I'd get used to. Something fun for my leisurely time though. I'll try it! Thanks" ]

[ "Crochet", "Crochet", "Crochet", "Crochet", "Crochet" ]

[ "Telecommunication\nHello, I am curious to know more about telecomunication from you", "Who discovered telecommuncation?", "what year did man start making use of telecomunication?", "oh ok, what else can you tell me about telecommunications", "Thanks for all your help in taking me from zero educated to 100 :P" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Telecommunication is the transmission of signs, signals, messages, words, writings, images and sounds or information of any nature by wire, radio, optical or other electromagnetic systems.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Telecommunication occurs when the exchange of information between communication participants includes the use of technology.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ It is transmitted either electrically over physical media, such as cables, or via electromagnetic radiation.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Such transmission paths are often divided into communication channels which afford the advantages of multiplexing.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Since the Latin term communicatio is considered the social process of information exchange, the term, telecommunications, is often used in its plural form because it involves many different technologies.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Early means of communicating over a distance included visual signals, such as beacons, smoke signals, semaphore telegraphs, signal flags, and optical heliographs.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Other examples of pre-modern long-distance communication included audio messages such as coded drumbeats, lung-blown horns, and loud whistles.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ 20th and 21st century technologies for long-distance communication usually involve electrical and electromagnetic technologies, such as telegraph, telephone, and teleprinter, networks, radio, microwave transmission, fiber optics, and communications satellites.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Sanrio, a Japanese company specialized in creating cute characters.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ Beginning in 1963, Sanrio sells and licenses products branded with these characters and has created over 400 characters, with the most successful and best known being Hello Kitty.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ The characters listed here are shown with the year in which they first appeared.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ is the best-known of Sanrio's fictional characters, created in 1974.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ Hello Kitty is drawn simply with a trademark red bow.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ Registered in 1975, Hello Kitty is now a globally known trademark.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ Hello Kitty has been marketed in the United States from the beginning and has held the position of U.S. children's ambassador for UNICEF since 1983.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ Shortly after her creation in 1974, the Hello Kitty vinyl coin purse was introduced by Sanrio in March 1975.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ The character was then brought to the United States in 1976.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ The character is a staple of the \"kawaii\" segment of Japanese popular culture.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ By 2010, Sanrio had groomed Hello Kitty into a global marketing phenomenon worth $5 billion a year.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ By 2014, when Hello Kitty was 40 years old, she was worth about $7 billion a year, all without advertising except on Sanrio's, related show producers', and ticket sales' webpages and at show venues and nearby locations.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ Originally aimed at preadolescent females, Hello Kitty's market has broadened to include adult consumers, being found on a variety of products ranging from school supplies to fashion accessories.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ No Man's Sky is an action-adventure survival video game developed and published by the indie studio Hello Games for PlayStation 4 and Microsoft Windows.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ It was released worldwide in August 2016.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ The game is built around four pillars: exploration, survival, combat, and trading.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ Players are free to perform within the entirety of a procedurally generated deterministic open universe, which includes over 18 quintillion planets.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ Through the game's procedural generation system, planets have their own ecosystems with unique forms of flora and fauna, and various sentient alien species may engage the player in combat or trade within planetary systems.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ , formerly simply and colloquially referred to as , is a Japanese female idol group, holding the second highest overall single sales (of a female group) on the Oricon charts as of February 2012, with the Oricon record of most top ten singles with an amount of 50, and they have sold over 21 million copies in Japan alone.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ Morning Musume was formed in 1997 by rock singer-songwriter turned record producer Tsunku, who later composed the vast majority of the group's songs over the decade.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ They are the lead group of Hello!", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ Project that specialises in upbeat, pop-oriented music coupled with dance performance.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ In 1997, Japanese rock group Sharam Q, fronted by Tsunku, began auditions for a female vocalist.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ These auditions aired via the reality show Asayan, and resulted in Michiyo Heike being crowned winner.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ Tsunku, however, decided to give five of the runners-up, Yuko Nakazawa, Natsumi Abe, Kaori Iida, Asuka Fukuda and Aya Ishiguro, a chance to become a group in their own right.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ The girls were set the task of selling 50,000 copies of their demo single \"Ai no Tane,\" in just five days.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ The girls sold the required number of copies in four days, and subsequently became an official group.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ Morning Musume's debut single, \"Morning Coffee,\" was released on January 28, 1998 on the One Up Music label and charted at #6 on the Oricon weekly chart.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ \"Hello, Goodbye\" is a song by the English rock band the Beatles, written by Paul McCartney and credited to Lennon–McCartney.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ Backed by John Lennon's \"I Am the Walrus\", it was issued as a non-album single in November 1967, the group's first release since the death of their manager, Brian Epstein.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ The single was commercially successful around the world, topping charts in the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and several other countries.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ McCartney later said that the lyrics take duality as their theme.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ The song originated when, in response to a question from Beatles aide Alistair Taylor about songwriting, McCartney sat down at a harmonium and asked Taylor to say the opposite of whatever he said.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ \"Hello\" is a song by English singer Adele, released on 23 October 2015 by XL Recordings as the lead single from her third studio album, \"25\" (2015).", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ Adele co-wrote the song with her producer, Greg Kurstin.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ \"Hello\" is a piano ballad with soul influences, and lyrics that discuss themes of nostalgia and regret.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ Upon release, the song was acclaimed by music critics, who compared it favourably to Adele's previous work and praised the song's lyrics and Adele's vocals while many critics and publications ranked it as one of the best songs of the year.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ It was recorded in London.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ \"Hello\" reached number one in almost every country it charted in, including the United Kingdom, where it became her second UK number-one single, following \"Someone like You\", and has the largest opening week sales in three years." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Telecommunication is the transmission of signs, signals, messages, words, writings, images and sounds or information of any nature by wire, radio, optical or other electromagnetic systems.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Telecommunication occurs when the exchange of information between communication participants includes the use of technology.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ It is transmitted either electrically over physical media, such as cables, or via electromagnetic radiation.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Such transmission paths are often divided into communication channels which afford the advantages of multiplexing.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Since the Latin term communicatio is considered the social process of information exchange, the term, telecommunications, is often used in its plural form because it involves many different technologies.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Early means of communicating over a distance included visual signals, such as beacons, smoke signals, semaphore telegraphs, signal flags, and optical heliographs.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Other examples of pre-modern long-distance communication included audio messages such as coded drumbeats, lung-blown horns, and loud whistles.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ 20th and 21st century technologies for long-distance communication usually involve electrical and electromagnetic technologies, such as telegraph, telephone, and teleprinter, networks, radio, microwave transmission, fiber optics, and communications satellites.", "Molecular evolution __knowledge__ Molecular evolution is the process of change in the sequence composition of cellular molecules such as DNA, RNA, and proteins across generations.", "Molecular evolution __knowledge__ The field of molecular evolution uses principles of evolutionary biology and population genetics to explain patterns in these changes.", "Molecular evolution __knowledge__ Major topics in molecular evolution concern the rates and impacts of single nucleotide changes, neutral evolution vs. natural selection, origins of new genes, the genetic nature of complex traits, the genetic basis of speciation, evolution of development, and ways that evolutionary forces influence genomic and phenotypic changes.", "6th Weapons Squadron __knowledge__ The 6th Weapons Squadron is an active United States Air Force unit.", "6th Weapons Squadron __knowledge__ It is assigned to the USAF Weapons School, based at Nellis Air Force Base, Nevada.", "6th Weapons Squadron __knowledge__ It was previously assigned to the Seventh Air Force, being inactivated at Yokota Airfield, Japan on 20 February 1947.", "6th Weapons Squadron __knowledge__ The unit was one of the initial Aero Squadrons established by the United States Army Signal Corps, its origins dating to 13 March 1917 prior to the United States' entry into World War I.", "6th Weapons Squadron __knowledge__ It was the first Air Service squadron assigned to Hawaii.", "6th Weapons Squadron __knowledge__ It was part of the island's defenses until entering into combat during World War II in the Southwest Pacific Area as a night fighter squadron in 1944.", "External ballistics __knowledge__ External ballistics or exterior ballistics is the part of ballistics that deals with the behavior of a projectile in flight.", "External ballistics __knowledge__ The projectile may be powered or un-powered, guided or unguided, spin or fin stabilized, flying through an atmosphere or in the vacuum of space, but most certainly flying under the influence of a gravitational field.", "External ballistics __knowledge__ Gun-launched projectiles may be unpowered, deriving all their velocity from the propellant's ignition until the projectile exits the gun barrel.", "External ballistics __knowledge__ However, exterior ballistics analysis also deals with the trajectories of rocket assisted gun-launched projectiles and gun launched rockets; and rockets that acquire all their trajectory velocity from the interior ballistics of their on-board propulsion system, either a rocket motor or air-breathing engine, both during their boost phase and after motor burnout.", "Margaret Stokes __knowledge__ Margaret McNair Stokes (March 1832 – 20 September 1900) was an Irish antiquarian noted for her illustrations.", "Margaret Stokes __knowledge__ Born in Dublin, she was the daughter of Dr William Stokes and his wife Mary (née Black).", "Margaret Stokes __knowledge__ One brother, Whitley Stokes, was a leading Celticist, a second, Sir William, followed their father into medicine and was a leading surgeon.", "Margaret Stokes __knowledge__ Important figures in the field of antiquities such as artist Sir George Petrie, lawyer and poet Sir Samuel Ferguson, Edwin Wyndham-Quin, 3rd Earl of Dunraven and Mount-Earl, and historians James Henthorn Todd and William Reeves were frequent visitors to the Stokes family home, and this is said to have begun Margaret's interest in Irish antiquities.", "Archimedes number __knowledge__ In viscous fluid dynamics, the Archimedes number (Ar) (not to be confused with Archimedes' constant, π), named after the ancient Greek scientist Archimedes is used to determine the motion of fluids due to density differences.", "Archimedes number __knowledge__ It is a dimensionless number defined as the ratio of external forces to internal viscous forces and has the form: where: When analyzing potentially mixed heat convection of a liquid, the Archimedes number parametrizes the relative strength of free and forced convection.", "Archimedes number __knowledge__ When Ar » 1 natural convection dominates, i.e.", "Archimedes number __knowledge__ less dense bodies rise and denser bodies sink, and when Ar « 1 forced convection dominates.", "SoftICE __knowledge__ SoftICE is a kernel mode debugger for Microsoft Windows up to Windows XP.", "SoftICE __knowledge__ Crucially, it is designed to run underneath Windows such that the operating system is unaware of its presence.", "SoftICE __knowledge__ Unlike an application debugger, SoftICE is capable of suspending all operations in Windows when instructed.", "SoftICE __knowledge__ For driver debugging this is critical due to how hardware is accessed and the kernel of the operating system functions.", "SoftICE __knowledge__ Because of its low-level capabilities, SoftICE is also popular as a software cracking tool.", "SoftICE __knowledge__ Microsoft offers two kernel-mode debuggers, WinDbg and KD, for no charge.", "SoftICE __knowledge__ However, the full capabilities of WinDbg and KD are available only when two interlinked computers are used.", "Garry Baker __knowledge__ Garry Baker (born 24 March 1953) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for Melbourne, Footscray and Sydney in the Victorian Football League (VFL).", "Garry Baker __knowledge__ A ruckman, Baker was originally from Meeniyan and started his career at Footscray before moving to Melbourne where he played most of his football.", "Garry Baker __knowledge__ He won Melbourne's best and fairest in 1978 but struggled in the subsequent seasons due to a knee injury.", "Garry Baker __knowledge__ In 1983 he joined Sydney who were playing just their second season in the city but he only managed six games.", "Garry Baker __knowledge__ He later played for and coached both Mordialloc and Moorabbin in the Victorian Football Association.", "German Radio Intelligence Operations during World War II __knowledge__ German Radio Intelligence Operation during World War II were signals intelligence operations that were undertaken by German Axis forces in Europe during World War II.", "German Radio Intelligence Operations during World War II __knowledge__ In keeping with German signals practice since 1942, the term \"communication intelligence\" () had been used when intercept units were assigned to observe both enemy \"radio and wire\" communication.", "German Radio Intelligence Operations during World War II __knowledge__ When the observation of only enemy \"radio\" communication was undertaken, the term \"radio intelligence\" ().", "German Radio Intelligence Operations during World War II __knowledge__ The term \"intercept service\" () was also used up until 1942.", "German Radio Intelligence Operations during World War II __knowledge__ Towards the end of World War II, about 12,000 troopers of the German Army were engaged in intercepting the radio traffic of an increasingly powerful adversary.", "Text messaging __knowledge__ Text messaging, or texting, is the act of composing and sending electronic messages, typically consisting of alphabetic and numeric characters, between two or more users of mobile phones, tablets, desktops/laptops, or other devices.", "Text messaging __knowledge__ Text messages may be sent over a cellular network, or may also be sent via an Internet connection.", "Text messaging __knowledge__ The term originally referred to messages sent using the Short Message Service (SMS).", "Text messaging __knowledge__ It has grown beyond alphanumeric text to include multimedia messages (known as MMS) containing digital images, videos, and sound content, as well as ideograms known as emoji (happy faces, sad faces, and other icons).", "Linguistic development of Genie __knowledge__ When the circumstances of Genie, the primary victim in one of the most severe cases of abuse, neglect and social isolation on record in medical literature, first became known in early November 1970, authorities arranged for her admission to Children's Hospital Los Angeles, where doctors determined that at the age of 13 years and 7 months she had not acquired a first language.", "Linguistic development of Genie __knowledge__ Hospital staff then began teaching Genie to speak General American English, and she gradually began to learn and use language.", "Linguistic development of Genie __knowledge__ Their efforts soon caught the attention of linguists, who saw her as an important way to gain further insight into acquisition of language skills and linguistic development.", "MIDI __knowledge__ MIDI (; short for Musical Instrument Digital Interface) is a technical standard that describes a communications protocol, digital interface, and electrical connectors and allows a wide variety of electronic musical instruments, computers and other related music and audio devices to connect and communicate with one another.", "MIDI __knowledge__ A single MIDI link can carry up to sixteen channels of information, each of which can be routed to a separate device.", "MIDI __knowledge__ MIDI carries event messages that specify notation, pitch and velocity (loudness or softness), control signals for parameters such as volume, vibrato, audio panning from left to right, cues in theatre, and clock signals that set and synchronize tempo between multiple devices.", "Ferdinand Feichtner __knowledge__ Ferdinand Feichtner (* 3 February 1908 in Augsburg, Bavaria) was a German, Luftwaffe radar and radio intercept specialist, before and during the time of World War II and who became Chief Signals Officer of the Luftnachrichten Abteilung 352, the Signals intelligence agency, whose task was the mapping and interception of communication intelligence of Allied Air Forces in the Mediterranean area.", "Ferdinand Feichtner __knowledge__ Ferdinand Feichtner was responsible for a number of innovations in cryptanalysis, radio, radar, D/F and communication intelligence during the interwar period.", "Ferdinand Feichtner __knowledge__ Note:This article has been largly written by Feichtner, with some updates to change the voice, and respect to modernity.", "Origin of speech __knowledge__ The origin of speech refers to the more general problem of the origin of language in the context of the physiological development of the human speech organs such as the tongue, lips and vocal organs used to produce phonological units in all human languages.", "Origin of speech __knowledge__ Although related to the more general problem of the origin of language, the evolution of distinctively human speech capacities has become a distinct and in many ways separate area of scientific research.", "Origin of speech __knowledge__ The topic is a separate one because language is not necessarily spoken: it can equally be written or signed.", "Origin of speech __knowledge__ Speech is in this sense optional, although it is the default modality for language." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Telecommunication is the transmission of signs, signals, messages, words, writings, images and sounds or information of any nature by wire, radio, optical or other electromagnetic systems.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Telecommunication occurs when the exchange of information between communication participants includes the use of technology.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ It is transmitted either electrically over physical media, such as cables, or via electromagnetic radiation.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Such transmission paths are often divided into communication channels which afford the advantages of multiplexing.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Since the Latin term communicatio is considered the social process of information exchange, the term, telecommunications, is often used in its plural form because it involves many different technologies.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Early means of communicating over a distance included visual signals, such as beacons, smoke signals, semaphore telegraphs, signal flags, and optical heliographs.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Other examples of pre-modern long-distance communication included audio messages such as coded drumbeats, lung-blown horns, and loud whistles.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ 20th and 21st century technologies for long-distance communication usually involve electrical and electromagnetic technologies, such as telegraph, telephone, and teleprinter, networks, radio, microwave transmission, fiber optics, and communications satellites.", "What Makes a Man Start Fires? __knowledge__ What Makes a Man Start Fires?", "What Makes a Man Start Fires? __knowledge__ is the second full-length album and fifth release overall by influential American punk rock band Minutemen.", "What Makes a Man Start Fires? __knowledge__ At almost twice the length of their previous album, \"The Punch Line\", the Minutemen's songs began surpassing the two-minute mark.", "What Makes a Man Start Fires? __knowledge__ Breaking another Minutemen record, the band took the longest time they took to date to record \"What Makes A Man Start Fires?\".", "What Makes a Man Start Fires? __knowledge__ The basic tracks were recorded in one late-night session, but then the band held two separate late-night sessions for guitar and vocal overdubs.", "What Makes a Man Start Fires? __knowledge__ Watt has said that he considers this to be Minutemen's \"first real album.\"", "John Roemer __knowledge__ John E. Roemer (; born February 1, 1945, Washington D.C.) is an American economist and political scientist.", "John Roemer __knowledge__ He is currently the Elizabeth S. and A. Varick Stout Professor of Political Science and Economics at Yale University.", "John Roemer __knowledge__ Prior to joining Yale, he was on the economics faculty at the University of California, Davis, and before entering academia Roemer worked for several years as a labor organizer.", "John Roemer __knowledge__ He is married to Natasha Roemer, with whom he has two daughters, and lives in New York City.", "John Roemer __knowledge__ Roemer received his A.B.", "John Roemer __knowledge__ in mathematics \"summa cum laude\" from Harvard in 1966.", "John Roemer __knowledge__ He then enrolled as a graduate student in mathematics at the University of California, Berkeley.", "Musikfest __knowledge__ Musikfest is an American music festival that has been held annually in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, United States, since 1984, and it claims to be the nation's largest non-gated free music festival.", "Musikfest __knowledge__ The festival begins on the first Friday in August, and ends on Sunday ten days later.", "Musikfest __knowledge__ Each year, thousands of visitors and residents of Pennsylvania make the trip to Bethlehem to participate in a celebration that weaves through a Moravian community that dates back to 1741.", "Musikfest __knowledge__ Festival visitors are treated to hundreds of free shows over the course of the event.", "Musikfest __knowledge__ Each night, the festival's premium stage, Steel Stage (formerly known as RiverPlace and Kunstplatz), hosts a nationally-known recording artist.", "Minutemen (band) __knowledge__ Minutemen were an American punk rock band formed in San Pedro, California in 1980.", "Minutemen (band) __knowledge__ Composed of guitarist/vocalist D. Boon, bassist/vocalist Mike Watt, and drummer George Hurley, Minutemen recorded four albums and eight EPs before Boon's death in an automobile accident in December 1985; after his death, the band broke up.", "Minutemen (band) __knowledge__ They were noted in the California punk community for a philosophy of \"jamming econo\"—a sense of thriftiness reflected in their touring and presentation—while their eclectic and experimental attitude was instrumental in pioneering alternative rock.", "Minutemen (band) __knowledge__ Minutemen began when D. Boon and Mike Watt met at age 13.", "Post-Mersh Vol. 1 __knowledge__ Post-Mersh, Vol.", "Post-Mersh Vol. 1 __knowledge__ 1 is a compilation album by influential punk rock/alternative trio The Minutemen.", "Post-Mersh Vol. 1 __knowledge__ It contains both \"The Punch Line\" (1981) and \"What Makes a Man Start Fires?\"", "Post-Mersh Vol. 1 __knowledge__ (1983) respectively.", "Post-Mersh Vol. 1 __knowledge__ These two releases are considered the first two \"full length\" albums recorded by the band.", "Post-Mersh Vol. 1 __knowledge__ \"Tracks 1–18 are The Punch Line\" \"Tracks 19–36 are What Makes a Man Start Fires?\"", "Post-Mersh Vol. 1 __knowledge__ Note: On the track listing of the CD version, tracks 21 and 22, and 24 and 25 have been swapped.", "Post-Mersh Vol. 1 __knowledge__ The lyric booklet also reflects this inaccuracy, but the CD plays the songs in their original order.", "Thief-taker __knowledge__ In English legal history, a thief-taker was a private individual hired to capture criminals.", "Thief-taker __knowledge__ The widespread establishment of professional police in England did not occur until the 19th century.", "Thief-taker __knowledge__ With the rising crime rate and newspapers to bring this to the attention of the public, thief-takers arose to partially fill the void in bringing criminals to justice.", "Thief-taker __knowledge__ These were private individuals much like bounty hunters.", "Thief-taker __knowledge__ However, thief-takers were usually hired by crime victims, while bounty hunters were paid by bail bondsmen to catch fugitives who skipped their court appearances and hence forfeited their bail.", "E-government __knowledge__ E-government (short for electronic government) is the use of electronic communications devices, computers and the Internet to provide public services to citizens and other persons in a country or region.", "E-government __knowledge__ According to Jeong, 2007 the term consists of the digital interactions between a citizen and their government (C2G), between governments and other government agencies (G2G), between government and citizens (G2C), between government and employees (G2E), and between government and businesses/commerces (G2B).", "E-government __knowledge__ E-government delivery models can be broken down into the following categories: This interaction consists of citizens communicating with all levels of government (city, state/province, national, and international), facilitating citizen involvement in governance using information and communication technology (ICT) (such as computers and websites) and business process re-engineering (BPR).", "Text messaging __knowledge__ Text messaging, or texting, is the act of composing and sending electronic messages, typically consisting of alphabetic and numeric characters, between two or more users of mobile phones, tablets, desktops/laptops, or other devices.", "Text messaging __knowledge__ Text messages may be sent over a cellular network, or may also be sent via an Internet connection.", "Text messaging __knowledge__ The term originally referred to messages sent using the Short Message Service (SMS).", "Text messaging __knowledge__ It has grown beyond alphanumeric text to include multimedia messages (known as MMS) containing digital images, videos, and sound content, as well as ideograms known as emoji (happy faces, sad faces, and other icons).", "German Radio Intelligence Operations during World War II __knowledge__ German Radio Intelligence Operation during World War II were signals intelligence operations that were undertaken by German Axis forces in Europe during World War II.", "German Radio Intelligence Operations during World War II __knowledge__ In keeping with German signals practice since 1942, the term \"communication intelligence\" () had been used when intercept units were assigned to observe both enemy \"radio and wire\" communication.", "German Radio Intelligence Operations during World War II __knowledge__ When the observation of only enemy \"radio\" communication was undertaken, the term \"radio intelligence\" ().", "German Radio Intelligence Operations during World War II __knowledge__ The term \"intercept service\" () was also used up until 1942.", "German Radio Intelligence Operations during World War II __knowledge__ Towards the end of World War II, about 12,000 troopers of the German Army were engaged in intercepting the radio traffic of an increasingly powerful adversary.", "SMS __knowledge__ Short Message Service (SMS) is a text messaging service component of most telephone, World Wide Web, and mobile device systems.", "SMS __knowledge__ It uses standardized communication protocols to enable mobile devices to exchange short text messages.", "SMS __knowledge__ An intermediary service can facilitate a text-to-voice conversion to be sent to landlines.", "SMS __knowledge__ SMS was the most widely used data application, with an estimated 3.5 billion active users, or about 80% of all mobile subscribers, at the end of 2010.", "SMS __knowledge__ SMS, as used on modern devices, originated from radio telegraphy in radio memo pagers that used standardized phone protocols.", "SMS __knowledge__ These were defined in 1985 as part of the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) series of standards.GSM Doc 28/85 \"Services and Facilities to be provided in the GSM System\" rev2, June 1985 The protocols allowed users to send and receive messages of up to 160 alpha-numeric characters to and from GSM mobiles.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the DreamWorks animated film media franchise \"Kung Fu Panda\", with their shorts and specials \"Secrets of the Furious Five\", \"Kung Fu Panda Holiday\", \"\", and \"\", as well as the video games and TV show \"\".", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The world of \"Kung Fu Panda\" is a fantasized version of ancient China as typically depicted in the wuxia film genre populated by anthropomorphized Asian animals where the martial arts can have magical qualities on top of extraordinary physical prowess for those sufficiently skilled.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ Master Po Ping (Chinese for \"Precious Peace\"), born Lotus Shan, is the titular protagonist of the \"Kung Fu Panda\" franchise.", "The Familiar, Volume 1: One Rainy Day in May __knowledge__ The Familiar, Volume 1: One Rainy Day in May is an American novel by writer Mark Z. Danielewski.", "The Familiar, Volume 1: One Rainy Day in May __knowledge__ Released on May 12, 2015, it is the first of a planned 27-volume story entitled \"The Familiar\" as well as the first book of Season 1, which includes \"The Familiar\" Volumes 1-5.", "The Familiar, Volume 1: One Rainy Day in May __knowledge__ This first volume takes place over the course of a single day: May 10, 2014.", "The Familiar, Volume 1: One Rainy Day in May __knowledge__ Its story weaves together nine different narratives from across the globe that continue to develop in subsequent volumes.", "The Familiar, Volume 1: One Rainy Day in May __knowledge__ \"One Rainy Day in May\" was followed by: A repeating theme of this series is the oneness of all things and the many links between people throughout the world despite their differences.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Hip hop or hip-hop is a subculture and art movement developed in The Bronx in New York City during the late 1970s.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ The origins of the word are often disputed.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Some believe that the word was invented by Keith Cowboy of The Furious Five.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Others believe it was a derogatory name for the people who practise the art and wear the relative clothing.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ It is also argued as to whether hip hop started in the South or West Bronx.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ While the term \"hip hop\" is often used to refer exclusively to hip hop music (also called \"rap\"), hip hop is characterized by nine elements, however only four elements are considered most necessary to understand hip-hop musically." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Telecommunication is the transmission of signs, signals, messages, words, writings, images and sounds or information of any nature by wire, radio, optical or other electromagnetic systems.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Telecommunication occurs when the exchange of information between communication participants includes the use of technology.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ It is transmitted either electrically over physical media, such as cables, or via electromagnetic radiation.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Such transmission paths are often divided into communication channels which afford the advantages of multiplexing.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Since the Latin term communicatio is considered the social process of information exchange, the term, telecommunications, is often used in its plural form because it involves many different technologies.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Early means of communicating over a distance included visual signals, such as beacons, smoke signals, semaphore telegraphs, signal flags, and optical heliographs.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Other examples of pre-modern long-distance communication included audio messages such as coded drumbeats, lung-blown horns, and loud whistles.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ 20th and 21st century technologies for long-distance communication usually involve electrical and electromagnetic technologies, such as telegraph, telephone, and teleprinter, networks, radio, microwave transmission, fiber optics, and communications satellites.", "Design Manchester __knowledge__ Design Manchester is a not-for-profit organisation established to showcase design talent; support design skills, careers & enterprise; advance the contribution of design in the city and the regional economy; and promote the role of Manchester as a design city internationally.", "Design Manchester __knowledge__ It has a year-round programme of activities and events and organises Manchester’s annual citywide festival of design.", "Design Manchester __knowledge__ In 2013, graphic designers John Owens and Malcolm Garrett RDI and media publicist Fiona McGarva were asked by Professor David Crow, then the Dean of Manchester School of Art, to organise an event to mark the School’s 175th anniversary and the opening of the new Benzie Building designed by Feilden Clegg Bradley Studios.", "OK Go __knowledge__ OK Go is an American rock band originally from Chicago, Illinois, now based in Los Angeles, California.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The band is composed of Damian Kulash (lead vocals, guitar), Tim Nordwind (bass guitar and vocals), Dan Konopka (drums and percussion) and Andy Ross (guitar, keyboards and vocals), who joined them in 2005, replacing Andy Duncan.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The band is known for its often quirky and elaborate one-take music videos.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The original members formed as OK Go in 1998 and released two studio albums before Duncan's departure.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The band's video for \"Here It Goes Again\" won a Grammy Award for Best Music Video in 2007.", "OK __knowledge__ \"OK\" (; spelling variations include \"okay\", \"O.K.", "OK __knowledge__ \", \"ok\") is an English word denoting approval, acceptance, agreement, assent, or acknowledgment.", "OK __knowledge__ \"OK\" is frequently used as a loanword in other languages.", "OK __knowledge__ It has been described as the most frequently spoken or written word on the planet.", "OK __knowledge__ As an adjective, \"OK\" principally means \"adequate\" or \"acceptable\" as a contrast to \"bad\" (\"The boss approved this, so it is OK to send out\"); it can also mean \"mediocre\" when used in contrast with \"good\" (\"The french fries were great, but the burger was just OK\").", "OK __knowledge__ It fulfills a similar role as an adverb (\"Wow, you did OK for your first time skiing!\").", "OK Computer __knowledge__ OK Computer is the third studio album by English alternative rock band Radiohead, released on 16 June 1997 on EMI subsidiaries Parlophone and Capitol Records.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ The members of Radiohead self-produced the album with Nigel Godrich, an arrangement they have used for their subsequent albums.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ Other than the song \"Lucky\", which was recorded in 1995, Radiohead recorded the album in Oxfordshire and Bath between 1996 and early 1997, mostly in the historic mansion St Catherine's Court.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ The band made a deliberate attempt to distance themselves from the guitar-oriented, lyrically introspective style of their previous album, \"The Bends\".", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ Stone is a 2010 U.S. crime thriller film directed by John Curran and starring Robert De Niro, Edward Norton and Milla Jovovich.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ Most of the filming was done in Washtenaw County, Michigan.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ This was the final film to be released by Overture Films.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ Young mother Madylyn Mabry puts her daughter to bed while her husband Jack watches golf on television.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ A bee buzzes around the window as she stays with her girl.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ After the child is asleep, she goes downstairs and announces she's leaving, saying \"You keep my soul in a dungeon.\"", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ He takes a moment to disconnect from the game, then runs upstairs to the bedroom and holds their daughter out the window, threatening to drop her if Madylyn leaves.", "Oh Father __knowledge__ \"Oh Father\" is a song by American singer Madonna from her fourth studio album \"Like a Prayer\" (1989).", "Oh Father __knowledge__ It was released as the fourth single from the album on October 24, 1989 by Sire Records.", "Oh Father __knowledge__ The song was not released as a single in most European territories until December 24, 1995, when it appeared on the 1995 ballads compilation \"Something to Remember\".", "Oh Father __knowledge__ Written and produced by Madonna and Patrick Leonard, the nexus of \"Oh Father\" was the presence of male authoritative figures in Madonna's life, most prominently her father, Tony Ciccone.", "Oh Father __knowledge__ Madonna's relationship with her father had soured, after her mother's death in 1963 and his remarriage two years later.", "60-meter band __knowledge__ The 60 meter band or 5 MHz band is a relatively new amateur radio allocation, first introduced in 2002, that was originally only available in a few countries, such as the United States, United Kingdom, Norway, Finland, Denmark, Ireland and Iceland.", "60-meter band __knowledge__ Over a number of years however, an increasing proportion of countries' telecommunications administrations - together with their government and military users - have permitted Amateur Radio operation in the 5 MHz area on a short or longer term basis, ranging from discrete channels to a frequency band allocation.", "60-meter band __knowledge__ At the closing meeting of the 2015 ITU World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC-15) on 27 November 2015, amongst the Final Acts signed into the International Radio Regulations was one approving A Worldwide Frequency Allocation of 5351.5–5366.5 kHz to the Amateur Service on a secondary basis.", "The Mole (Australia season 6) __knowledge__ The sixth season of the Australian version of The Mole took place in various locations around Australia, and was hosted by Shura Taft.", "The Mole (Australia season 6) __knowledge__ In October 2012, the Seven Network announced through its 2013 programming launch that \"The Mole\" would return following a seven-year absence.", "The Mole (Australia season 6) __knowledge__ On 11 January 2013, it was announced that Shura Taft would be hosting the revived show.", "The Mole (Australia season 6) __knowledge__ The announced maximum kitty for the season was $250,000.", "The Mole (Australia season 6) __knowledge__ The show premiered on Tuesday, 2 July at 7:30pm, and was originally going to air three nights a week, however, disappointing ratings resulted in the show reverting to airing only once a week, on Wednesday nights showing double episodes at 9:30pm; that took effect from the fifth episode until the eleventh episode.", "Landing Craft Assault __knowledge__ Landing Craft Assault (LCA) was a landing craft used extensively in World War II.", "Landing Craft Assault __knowledge__ Its primary purpose was to ferry troops from transport ships to attack enemy-held shores.", "Landing Craft Assault __knowledge__ The craft derived from a prototype designed by John I. Thornycroft Ltd. of Woolston, Hampshire, UK.", "Landing Craft Assault __knowledge__ During the war it was manufactured throughout the United Kingdom in places as various as small boatyards and furniture manufacturers.", "Landing Craft Assault __knowledge__ Typically constructed of hardwood planking and selectively clad with armour plate, this shallow-draft, barge-like boat with a crew of four could ferry an infantry platoon of 31, with space to spare for five additional specialist troops, to shore at 7 knots (13 km/h).", "Smoke signal __knowledge__ The smoke signal is one of the oldest forms of long-distance communication.", "Smoke signal __knowledge__ It is a form of visual communication used over long distance.", "Smoke signal __knowledge__ In general smoke signals are used to transmit news, signal danger, or gather people to a common area.", "Smoke signal __knowledge__ In ancient China, soldiers stationed along the Great Wall would alert each other of impending enemy attack by signaling from tower to tower.", "Smoke signal __knowledge__ In this way, they were able to transmit a message as far away as in just a few hours.", "Smoke signal __knowledge__ Abuse of the smoke signal is known to have contributed to the fall of the Western Zhou Dynasty in the 8th century BCE.", "Smoke signal __knowledge__ King You of Zhou had a habit of fooling his warlords with false warning beacons in order to amuse Bao Si, his concubine who was known as one of four ancient beauties of China.", "Flag __knowledge__ A flag is a piece of fabric (most often rectangular or quadrilateral) with a distinctive design that is used as a symbol, as a signaling device, or as decoration.", "Flag __knowledge__ The term \"flag\" is also used to refer to the graphic design employed, and flags have since evolved into a general tool for rudimentary signalling and identification, especially in environments where communication is similarly challenging (such as the maritime environment where semaphore is used).", "Flag __knowledge__ National flags are patriotic symbols with varied wide-ranging interpretations, often including strong military associations because of their original and ongoing military uses.", "Battle of Jutland __knowledge__ The Battle of Jutland (, the Battle of Skagerrak) was a naval battle fought by the British Royal Navy's Grand Fleet under Admiral Sir John Jellicoe, against the Imperial German Navy's High Seas Fleet under Vice-Admiral Reinhard Scheer during the First World War.", "Battle of Jutland __knowledge__ The battle unfolded in extensive manoeuvring and three main engagements (the battlecruiser action, the fleet action and the night action), from 31 May to 1 June 1916, off the North Sea coast of Denmark's Jutland Peninsula.", "Battle of Jutland __knowledge__ It was the largest naval battle and the only full-scale clash of battleships in that war.", "Battle of Jutland __knowledge__ Jutland was the third fleet action between steel battleships, following the smaller but more decisive battles of the Yellow Sea (1904) and Tsushima (1905) during the Russo-Japanese War.", "Traffic light __knowledge__ Traffic lights, also known as traffic signals, traffic lamps, traffic semaphore, signal lights, stop lights, robots (in South Africa and most of Africa), and traffic control signals (in technical parlance), are signalling devices positioned at road intersections, pedestrian crossings, and other locations to control flows of traffic.", "Traffic light __knowledge__ The world's first traffic light was short lived.", "Traffic light __knowledge__ It was a manually operated gas-lit signal installed in London in December 1868.", "Traffic light __knowledge__ It exploded less than a month after it was implemented, injuring its policeman operator.", "Traffic light __knowledge__ Traffic control started to seem necessary in the late 1890s and Earnest Sirrine from Chicago patented the first automated traffic control system in 1910." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Telecommunication is the transmission of signs, signals, messages, words, writings, images and sounds or information of any nature by wire, radio, optical or other electromagnetic systems.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Telecommunication occurs when the exchange of information between communication participants includes the use of technology.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ It is transmitted either electrically over physical media, such as cables, or via electromagnetic radiation.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Such transmission paths are often divided into communication channels which afford the advantages of multiplexing.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Since the Latin term communicatio is considered the social process of information exchange, the term, telecommunications, is often used in its plural form because it involves many different technologies.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Early means of communicating over a distance included visual signals, such as beacons, smoke signals, semaphore telegraphs, signal flags, and optical heliographs.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Other examples of pre-modern long-distance communication included audio messages such as coded drumbeats, lung-blown horns, and loud whistles.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ 20th and 21st century technologies for long-distance communication usually involve electrical and electromagnetic technologies, such as telegraph, telephone, and teleprinter, networks, radio, microwave transmission, fiber optics, and communications satellites.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "Beta distribution __knowledge__ In probability theory and statistics, the beta distribution is a family of continuous probability distributions defined on the interval [0, 1] parametrized by two positive shape parameters, denoted by \"α\" and \"β\", that appear as exponents of the random variable and control the shape of the distribution.", "Beta distribution __knowledge__ The beta distribution has been applied to model the behavior of random variables limited to intervals of finite length in a wide variety of disciplines.", "Beta distribution __knowledge__ In Bayesian inference, the beta distribution is the conjugate prior probability distribution for the Bernoulli, binomial, negative binomial and geometric distributions.", "List of Code Geass characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters, minor and major, appearing in both \"Code Geass: Lelouch of the Rebellion\", its sequel series, and/or the core series' spin-offs and products.", "List of Code Geass characters __knowledge__ The fictional characters in \"Code Geass: Lelouch of the Rebellion\" were designed by the manga studio Clamp.", "List of Code Geass characters __knowledge__ During early planning stages, director Gorō Taniguchi contacted the noted manga artist group Clamp, being the first time Clamp had ever been requested to design the characters of an anime series.", "List of Code Geass characters __knowledge__ Clamp signed onto the project early during these development stages and provided numerous ideas, which helped develop the series' setting and characters.", "List of Metal Gear characters __knowledge__ The \"Metal Gear\" franchise features a large number of characters created by Hideo Kojima and designed by Yoji Shinkawa.", "List of Metal Gear characters __knowledge__ Its setting features several soldiers with supernatural powers provided by the new advancements of science.", "List of Metal Gear characters __knowledge__ The series follows mercenary Solid snak_a given government missions of finding the Metal Gear weapon, resulting in encounters with Gray Fox and Big Boss in Outer Heaven (\"Metal Gear\") and Zanzibar Land (\"\").", "List of Metal Gear characters __knowledge__ Later, Solid Snake meets Otacon and opposes Liquid Snake's FOXHOUND in \"Metal Gear Solid\" then assists Raiden in fighting both Solidus Snake and the Patriots in \"\".", "List of Metal Gear characters __knowledge__ Additionally, there are several prequel games that follows Big Boss's past and legend development as well as the origins of FOXHOUND, Outer Heaven and the Patriots.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the various characters throughout the Japanese tokusatsu series \"Garo\", not including the Horrors, a breed of demonic beings that make for most of the series antagonists.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ The various holders of the title are the main characters of the franchise, armed with the blade.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ The Garo title, based on the word for \"hope\" in the old Makai language, is traditionally associated with the Saezima family.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ For reasons yet to be explained, the man who takes the title of Garo is often regarded to be the strongest Knight, widely known throughout the Makai community.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ This is however, not a formal ranking in itself and no preferential treatment is given to the said Knight, as evident with Kouga in \"\" who was in service for years before being promoted to be a Knight serving under the Senate.", "BKL singularity __knowledge__ A Belinsky-Khalatnikov-Lifshitz (BKL) singularity is a model of the dynamic evolution of the Universe near the initial singularity, described by an anisotropic, homogeneous, chaotic solution to Einstein's field equations of gravitation.", "BKL singularity __knowledge__ According to this model, the Universe is oscillating around a gravitational singularity in which time and space become equal to zero.", "BKL singularity __knowledge__ This singularity is physically real in the sense that it is a necessary property of the solution, and will appear also in the exact solution of those equations.", "BKL singularity __knowledge__ The singularity is not artificially created by the assumptions and simplifications made by the other special solutions such as the Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker, quasi-isotropic, and Kasner solutions.", "Suzaku Kururugi __knowledge__ Suzaku Kururugi, born on July 10, 2000 a.t.b., is the son of Japan's last prime minister, Genbu Kururugi.", "Suzaku Kururugi __knowledge__ His existence was kept a secret from the public until after the war.", "Suzaku Kururugi __knowledge__ Suzaku met Lelouch vi Britannia and his sister Nunnally vi Britannia when they moved to the Kururugi residence as a diplomatic peace trade.", "Suzaku Kururugi __knowledge__ At first, Suzaku despised Lelouch because he thought that he was a prince who didn't care about anyone.", "Suzaku Kururugi __knowledge__ As time passed by, however, he came to know Lelouch better, and they soon became best friends.", "Suzaku Kururugi __knowledge__ They become separated when Britannia invaded Japan, but are reunited in the Shinjuku Ghetto.", "Electromagnetic radiation __knowledge__ In physics, electromagnetic radiation (EM radiation or EMR) refers to the waves (or their quanta, photons) of the electromagnetic field, propagating (radiating) through space-time, carrying electromagnetic radiant energy.", "Electromagnetic radiation __knowledge__ It includes radio waves, microwaves, infrared, (visible) light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays.\"", "Electromagnetic radiation __knowledge__ Classically, electromagnetic radiation consists of electromagnetic waves, which are synchronized oscillations of electric and magnetic fields that propagate at the speed of light through a vacuum.", "Electromagnetic radiation __knowledge__ The oscillations of the two fields are perpendicular to each other and perpendicular to the direction of energy and wave propagation, forming a transverse wave.", "Photon __knowledge__ A photon is a type of elementary particle, the quantum of the electromagnetic field including electromagnetic radiation such as light, and the force carrier for the electromagnetic force (even when static via virtual particles).", "Photon __knowledge__ The photon has zero rest mass and always moves at the speed of light within a vacuum.", "Photon __knowledge__ Depending on the size of the electromagnetic field that it emits, the photon will take on different properties.", "Photon __knowledge__ Like all elementary particles, photons are currently best explained by quantum mechanics and exhibit wave–particle duality, exhibiting properties of both waves and particles.", "Electromagnetic spectrum __knowledge__ The electromagnetic spectrum is the range of frequencies (the spectrum) of electromagnetic radiation and their respective wavelengths and photon energies.", "Electromagnetic spectrum __knowledge__ The electromagnetic spectrum covers electromagnetic waves with frequencies ranging from below one hertz to above 10 hertz, corresponding to wavelengths from thousands of kilometers down to a fraction of the size of an atomic nucleus.", "Electromagnetic spectrum __knowledge__ This frequency range is divided into separate bands, and the electromagnetic waves within each frequency band are called by different names; beginning at the low frequency (long wavelength) end of the spectrum these are: radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays at the high-frequency (short wavelength) end.", "Planck's law __knowledge__ Planck's law describes the spectral density of electromagnetic radiation emitted by a black body in thermal equilibrium at a given temperature \"T\".", "Planck's law __knowledge__ The law is named after Max Planck, who proposed it in 1900.", "Planck's law __knowledge__ It is a pioneering result of modern physics and quantum theory.", "Planck's law __knowledge__ The spectral radiance of a body, , describes the amount of energy it gives off as radiation of different frequencies.", "Planck's law __knowledge__ It is measured in terms of the power emitted per unit area of the body, per unit solid angle that the radiation is measured over, per unit frequency.", "Planck's law __knowledge__ Planck showed that the spectral radiance of a body for frequency at absolute temperature is given by where is the Boltzmann constant, is the Planck constant, and is the speed of light in the medium, whether material or vacuum.", "Zero-point energy __knowledge__ Zero-point energy (ZPE) or ground state energy is the lowest possible energy that a quantum mechanical system may have.", "Zero-point energy __knowledge__ Unlike in classical mechanics, quantum systems constantly fluctuate in their lowest energy state due to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle.", "Zero-point energy __knowledge__ As well as atoms and molecules, the empty space of the vacuum has these properties.", "Zero-point energy __knowledge__ According to Quantum Field Theory the universe can be thought of not as isolated particles but continuous fluctuating fields: matter fields, whose quanta are fermions (i.e.", "Zero-point energy __knowledge__ leptons and quarks), and force fields, whose quanta are bosons (e.g.", "Zero-point energy __knowledge__ photons and gluons).", "Social media __knowledge__ Social media are computer-mediated technologies that facilitate the creation and sharing of information, ideas, career interests and other forms of expression via virtual communities and networks.", "Social media __knowledge__ The variety of stand-alone and built-in social media services currently available introduces challenges of definition; however, there are some common features: Users typically access social media services via web-based technologies on desktop, computers, and laptops, or download services that offer social media functionality to their mobile devices (e.g., smartphones and tablet computers).", "Social media __knowledge__ When engaging with these services, users can create highly interactive platforms through which individuals, communities and organizations can share, co-create, discuss, and modify user-generated content or pre-made content posted online.", "Radiation __knowledge__ In physics, radiation is the emission or transmission of energy in the form of waves or particles through space or through a material medium.", "Radiation __knowledge__ This includes: Radiation is often categorized as either ionizing or non-ionizing depending on the energy of the radiated particles.", "Radiation __knowledge__ Ionizing radiation carries more than 10 eV, which is enough to ionize atoms and molecules, and break chemical bonds.", "Radiation __knowledge__ This is an important distinction due to the large difference in harmfulness to living organisms.", "Radiation __knowledge__ A common source of ionizing radiation is radioactive materials that emit α, β, or γ radiation, consisting of helium nuclei, electrons or positrons, and photons, respectively." ] ]

[ 1, 7, 6, 3, 6 ]

[ "You mean the transmission of signals signs, messages, words writings images and sounds? Sure! I am a teacher at a community college in my area, I'd love to help", "I know that some examples of pre-modern long distant type of messages are coded drum-beats and lung-blown horns or loud whistles, so it's not just text messages like everyone thinks. It has been a thing for a while", "I am glad you aren't one of my students! I bet you are a great learner though, I honestly don't know the answer to this. Considering the many varies ways it is done I am sure it dates back to the beginning of time, with smoke signals and signal flags", "That's a better question lol, I am sorry, I am only a substitute teacher, I should of mentioned that in my bragging. But when we do social media we are dong ths over physical media, like cables or on electromagnetic radiation My favorite fact on it. Technology is so great. ", "I mislead you on one thing, checking my text book I wanted to clarify. It's not telecommunication with the smoke signals and signal flags, it was our early ways of communicating before technology. " ]

[ "Telecommunication", "Telecommunication", "Telecommunication", "Telecommunication", "Telecommunication" ]