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The Bedford Commercial Historic District encompasses most of the central business district of Bedford, Iowa, United States. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2002. The historic district includes 50 properties that were part of a 1989 survey of the area. It includes, as contributing properties, 47 buildings and four structures. There are also three buildings that are non-contributing. Bedford House/Garland Hotel (1857, 1877) is a contributing property. The downtown area originally developed at the intersection of Court and Main Streets, oriented towards the Taylor County Courthouse. After the railroad arrived it started to develop along Main Street, which slopes gradually to the east where the railroad was located. "The Bedford Commercial Historic District is one of the best-preserved collections of brick commercial architecture dating primarily from the late nineteenth century and is a standout, in that regard, in comparison with similar communities in age and size in Iowa." References Category:Bedford, Iowa Category:Buildings and structures in Taylor County, Iowa Category:Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Iowa Category:National Register of Historic Places in Taylor County, Iowa

Dmytro Sorokin (born 14 July 1988), is a Ukrainian futsal player who played for Lokomotiv Kharkiv and the Ukraine national futsal team. References External links UEFA profile Category:1988 births Category:Living people Category:Ukrainian men's futsal players Category:MFC Lokomotyv Kharkiv players

Luis Ernesto Pérez Martínez (born March 15, 1989 in Moctezuma, Sonora, Mexico) is a Mexican professional footballer who plays for Necaxa of Liga MX Won the Ascenso with Lobos BUAP and Necaxa wound up requesting his services. Since returning to Necaxa he has been a regular in the starting lineup playing as a starter for most Copa MX matches. ]. Honours Club Necaxa Copa MX: Clausura 2018 Supercopa MX: 2018 References External links Back to Club Nexaca Category:Living people Category:1989 births Category:Mexican footballers Category:Association football midfielders Category:Club Necaxa footballers Category:Cimarrones de Sonora players Category:Lobos BUAP footballers Category:Liga MX players Category:Ascenso MX players Category:Tercera División de México players Category:Footballers from Sonora

George McKinley Cassidy McCluskey (born 19 September 1957) is a Scottish former footballer, who played as a forward for Celtic, Leeds United, Hibernian, Hamilton Academical, Kilmarnock and Clyde. He represented Scotland up to under-21 level. While with Celtic (his childhood and formative team and longest spell as a professional at eight seasons, otherwise spending two or three years at each club), he scored the winning goal in the 1980 Scottish Cup Final and won three Scottish League titles (1978–79, 1980–81 and 1981–82), scoring in the decisive last-day fixtures in 1979 and 1982 and finishing as top goalscorer in the latter season. In the autumn of his career in 1993, he helped Kilmarnock (managed by his Celtic teammate and friend Tommy Burns) gain promotion to the top tier from the First Division, where they have remained since. McCluskey is now a coach at Celtic's Youth Academy. Personal life George McCluskey's son Barry is registered blind and is a blind golf player. His younger brother John was also a footballer who played one match for Celtic in the early rounds of the European Cup in 1977 aged 16, becoming their youngest continental debutant (a record which stood for 42 years before being taken by Karamoko Dembélé in 2019) before being forced to retire soon afterwards due to a thrombosis condition in his leg which endangered his health. It was also revealed some years later that John McCluskey had been one of the victims of the sexual abuse of child footballers which took place at Celtic Boys Club (for which George also played) in the 1970s. The siblings are not related to Pat McCluskey who also played for Celtic in the 1970s. References Playing for the Hoops: The George McCluskey Story, Aidan Donaldson, 2016, External links McCluskey, George at The Celtic Wiki Category:1957 births Category:Association football forwards Category:Celtic F.C. players Category:Clyde F.C. players Category:Hamilton Academical F.C. players Category:Hibernian F.C. players Category:Kilmarnock F.C. players Category:Leeds United F.C. players Category:Living people Category:Scotland under-21 international footballers Category:Scottish Football League players Category:Scottish footballers Category:Sportspeople from Hamilton, South Lanarkshire Category:English Football League players Category:Scottish league football top scorers Category:Scotland youth international footballers

The Israel Stowell Temperance House was built as an alcohol-free tavern starting in 1840 in the temperance colony of Delavan, Wisconsin. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1978. Delavan was founded in 1836 as a temperance colony by Samuel and Henry Phoenix, reformers who came out of the revivals of the 1820s in the burned-over district of western New York. The brothers were reform-minded Baptists, against slavery and against alcohol, and in the wilds of Wisconsin they planned to start a new community free of these evils. North of Delavan Lake they found their site and on trees there Samuel painted the words "Temperance Colony." They recruited like-minded colonists from back east, and wrote prohibitions against alcohol into the deeds to the land that they sold. In 1839 they started a Baptist church in Delavan true to their values. In 1840 the Phoenixes heard about six "temperance houses" - taverns which operated without alcohol - around southeast Wisconsin. They decided that the community of Delvan should have one. They arranged with Israel Stowell to build and operate such a house. Stowell was another immigrant from New York - 27 years old. The Phoenixes provided lumber from their sawmill and some materials. In return, Stowell would operate the inn free of alcohol. Stowell built the original, central part of the building in the spring of 1840 - a side-gabled saltbox shape; i.e. with two stories exposed in front and one in back. The front door is in Greek Revival style, framed by a heavy molded lintel supported by pilasters. Windows were multi-pane, twelve over eight, and the originals survive in the upstairs of the central section. The framework is hewed oak and walnut beams, connected with mortise and tenon. Inside downstairs is a central staircase with two rooms on either side. The oldest walls are plaster over oak split-lath. Soon after the original construction, Stowell extended the building east three bays, continuing the same design and post and beam construction techniques. Later it was extended another ten feet east, but that section is balloon-framed. True to the agreement, Stowell had the house ready for business in June. It was a community meeting place, with the first town meeting held there in 1842. It was also a haven for outsiders passing on the road west from Racine. But the temperance colony did not survive. The Phoenix brothers died in the early 1840s. When Stowell left the tavern in the mid 1840s, it was taken over by other innkeepers. In the late 1840s a Mr. Harkness began serving alcohol there. Newer hotels were built in Delavan, and began taking business from the old temperance house. In 1854 Eliphas Gates bought the building, expanded it, and converted it into three homes for his three children. The bay window was added to the center section later in the 19th century. Around the turn of the century the Victorian addition was added to the west end. Gates descendants lived there for 120 years. The building has been featured in USA Today. References Category:Buildings and structures in Walworth County, Wisconsin Category:Clubhouses on the National Register of Historic Places in Wisconsin Category:Victorian architecture in Wisconsin Category:Buildings and structures completed in 1840 Category:National Register of Historic Places in Walworth County, Wisconsin Category:Delavan, Wisconsin

HMCS Camrose was a Royal Canadian Navy which took part in convoy escort duties during the Second World War. She was named for Camrose, Alberta. Background Flower-class corvettes like Camrose serving with the Royal Canadian Navy during the Second World War were different from earlier and more traditional sail-driven corvettes. The "corvette" designation was created by the French as a class of small warships; the Royal Navy borrowed the term for a period but discontinued its use in 1877. During the hurried preparations for war in the late 1930s, Winston Churchill reactivated the corvette class, needing a name for smaller ships used in an escort capacity, in this case based on a whaling ship design. The generic name "flower" was used to designate the class of these ships, which – in the Royal Navy – were named after flowering plants. Corvettes commissioned by the Royal Canadian Navy during the Second World War were named after communities for the most part, to better represent the people who took part in building them. This idea was put forth by Admiral Percy W. Nelles. Sponsors were commonly associated with the community for which the ship was named. Royal Navy corvettes were designed as open sea escorts, while Canadian corvettes were developed for coastal auxiliary roles which was exemplified by their minesweeping gear. Eventually the Canadian corvettes would be modified to allow them to perform better on the open seas. Construction Camrose was ordered on 22 January 1940 as part of the 1939-1940 Flower-class building program and laid down atby Marine Industries Ltd. at Sorel on 17 September 1940. She was launched on 16 November 1940 and commissioned 30 June 1941 at Sorel. Camrose had three refits during her career, the first being at Lunenburg in February 1942 until May 1942. The second refit took place at Pictou in April 1943 and took five and a half months to complete, among the work being done was an extension to the fo'c'sle. Her final major refit took place again at Pictou in September 1944. Service history Initially assigned to Halifax Force in July 1941, she was transferred to Newfoundland Command in October of that year. She worked as an ocean escort on convoys from St. John's to Iceland until February 1942 when she was laid up for a refit. Upon her return to active service, she returned to Newfoundland Command. In June 1942 she was reassigned to the Western Local Escort Force (WLEF). In October that year she was sent to the United Kingdom to take on escort duties for convoys supplying Operation Torch. Camrose would spend five months escorting convoys from the UK to Gibraltar. In April she was sent for another refit, only returning to active service after five months. Upon completion of her workups, she was assigned to escort group EG-6 with the Royal Navy. During this time she escorted convoys from the UK to Gibraltar or Freetown. While on escort duty in the North Atlantic on 8 January 1944, Camrose was involved in the sinking of alongside . In May 1944 she was assigned to Western Approaches Command at Greenock. As part of her invasion duties, she escorted convoys to and from Normandy. In September 1944 she returned to Canada and went for another refit. Upon her resumption of duties in January 1945 she was made part of escort group EG 41 of the Royal Navy out of Plymouth. She served with that group until VE-Day. Camrose took part in the reoccupation of St. Helier in the Channel Islands. In June 1945 she returned to Canada for good and on 22 July 1945 she was paid off at Sydney, Nova Scotia. After the war she was sold for scrapping in June 1947 and broken up at Hamilton. References Category:Ships of the Royal Canadian Navy Category:Flower-class corvettes of the Royal Canadian Navy Category:1940 ships

Karnawad is a town and a nagar panchayat in Dewas district in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. Demographics India census, Karnawad had a population of 69,696. Males constitute 51% of the population and females 49%. Karnawad has an average literacy rate of 41%, lower than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 53%, and female literacy is 29%. In Karnawad, 18% of the population is under 6 years of age. Connectivity Road The NH47 i.e. the Indore - Nagpur Highway passes through Karnawad. Rail Kannod has no rail connectivity. The nearest important railway station is Indore Junction railway station. Air The nearest airport is Devi Ahilyabai Holkar Airport, Indore. References Category:Cities and towns in Dewas district

A Government House is any residence used by Governors-General, Governors and Lieutenant-Governors in the Commonwealth and the British Empire. Government Houses serve as the venue for Governors’ official business, as well as the many receptions and functions hosted by the occupant. Sometimes, the term Government House is used as a metonym for the Governor or his office. While a Government House is the official residence of a viceroy or governor who represents the monarch, many Commonwealth nations now operate without the British Monarch as Head of State. To avoid confusion, several of these nations refer to their presidential palaces as a State House or President's House. When Queen Elizabeth II or a member of the Royal Family visits a Commonwealth nation, they will often stay at the Government House, which is reported in the Court Circular. This privilege is sometimes extended to other dignitaries, but usually arrangements are made for important non-royal visitors to be accommodated at hotels, or in accommodations provided by their own country's embassy or consulate. Africa Basutoland, Government House of Basutoland Bechuanaland, Government House of Bechuanaland British East Africa, Government House British East Africa Buganda, Government House of Buganda Cameroon, Government House of Cameroon Egypt, Government House of Egypt Gambia, Government House of Gambia Gold Coast, Government House of the Gold Coast Mauritius, Government House of Mauritius Nigeria, Government House of Nigeria Northern Rhodesia, Government House of Northern Rhodesia Nyasaland, Government House of Nyasaland Sierra Leone, Government House of Sierra Leone Southern Rhodesia, Government House of Southern Rhodesia Sudan, Government House of Sudan Swaziland, Government House of Swaziland Tanganyika, Government House of Tanganyika Zanzibar, Government House of Zanzibar South Africa South Africa, Government Houses of South Africa Pretoria, Government House of Pretoria, Transvaal Cape Province, Government House of Cape Province Orange Free State, Government House of the Orange Free State Natal, Government House of Natal Americas Atlantic Bermuda, Government House of Bermuda Falkland Islands, Government House of the Falkland Islands Saint Helena, Plantation House and The Castle South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, Government House of South Georgia and The South Sandwich Islands Canada Canada, Government Houses of Canada Ottawa, Rideau Hall Quebec City, Citadelle of Quebec Alberta, Government House of Alberta British Columbia, Government House of British Columbia Manitoba, Government House of Manitoba New Brunswick, Government House of New Brunswick Newfoundland and Labrador, Government House of Newfoundland & Labrador Nova Scotia, Government House of Nova Scotia Ontario, demolished, now uses suites in the Ontario Legislative Building Prince Edward Island, Government House of Prince Edward Island Quebec, demolished, now uses suites in the Parliament Building Saskatchewan, Government House of Saskatchewan Caribbean and the West Indies Anguilla, Government House of Anguilla Antigua and Barbuda, Government House of Antigua & Barbuda Bahamas, Government House of The Bahamas Barbados, Government House of Barbados Belize, Government House of British Honduras British Virgin Islands, Government House of the British Virgin Islands Cayman Islands, Government House of the Cayman Islands Dominica, Government House of Dominica Grenada, Government House of Grenada Jamaica, King's House Montserrat, Government House of Montserrat Mosquito Coast, Government House of the Mosquito Coast Saint Lucia, Government House of Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Government House of Saint Vincent & The Grenadines Saint Kitts and Nevis, Government House of Saint Christopher-Nevis-Anguilla Trinidad & Tobago, Government House of Trinidad and Tobogo Turks & Caicos Islands, Government House of Turks & Caicos Islands South America Guyana, Government House of British Guiana Asia British Indian Ocean Territory, Government House of British Indian Ocean Territory Brunei, Government House of Brunei Burma, Government House, Rangoon Ceylon, Queen's House Ceylon, Governor's Pavilion Ceylon, Queen's Cottage Hong Kong, Government House of Hong Kong Malaya, Carcosa and King's House (Carcosa Seri Negara) Maldives, Government House of Maldives Mauritius, Governor's Residence Seychelles, Government House of Seychelles Singapore, Government House of Singapore British Indian Empire Residence of the President of India Rashtrapati Bhavan, New Delhi Residence of the President of Bangladesh Bangabhaban, Dhaka Other government residences Belvedere Estate, Kolkata Government House, Darjeeling Government House, Kolkata Lalitha Mahal, Palace of the Mysore State (guest house) in Mysore Peterhoff, Shimla Viceregal Lodge, Shimla Ajmer-Merwara State, Government House of Ajmer-Merwara in Ajmer Assam Province, Government House of Assam in Shillong Balochistan Province, Government House of Balochistan in Quetta Bengal Presidency, Government House of Bengal in Kolkata Bihar Province, Government House of Bihar in Patna Bombay Presidency, Government House of Bombay in Mumbai Central Provinces and Berar, Government House of Central Provinces & Berar in Nagpur Coorg State, Government House of Coorg in Kodagu Eastern Bengal and Assam Province, Government House of Eastern Bengal and Assam in Dhaka Madras Presidency, Government House of Madras in Chennai Northwest Frontier Province, Government House of Northwest Frontier in Peshawar Orissa Province, Government House of Orissa in Cuttack Punjab Province, Government House of Punjab in Lahore Sindh Province, Government House of Sindh in Karachi United Provinces of Agra and Oudh, Government House of the United Provinces of Agra and Oudh in Lucknow Middle East Iraq, Government House of Iraq Israel, Palace of the Commissioner, Jerusalem Kuwait, Government House of Kuwait Europe Cyprus, Presidential Palace, Nicosia Gibraltar, The Convent Guernsey, Government House of Guernsey Isle of Man, Government House of the Isle of Man Jersey, Government House of Jersey Malta Governor's Palace San Anton Palace Ireland Pre-independence, the living arrangements of the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland varied according to the social calendar: Áras an Uachtaráin The Viceregal Lodge, the "out of season" residence of the Lord Lieutenant, Phoenix Park, Dublin. Dublin Castle The State Apartments, Dublin Castle. The "Castle season" residence of the Lord Lieutenant. After 1922, the Viceregal Lodge served as the official residence of the first two Governors-General of the Irish Free State. The Governor of Northern Ireland resided in Hillsborough Castle, which is, since 1973, the official residence of the Northern Ireland Secretary. Pacific Australia Australia, Government Houses of Australia Canberra, Government House (commonly known as Yarralumla) Sydney, Admiralty House New South Wales, Government House of New South Wales Northern Territory, Government House of Northern Territory Queensland, 1st Government House of Queensland, 2nd Government House of Queensland South Australia, Government House of South Australia Tasmania, Government House of Tasmania Victoria, Government House of Victoria Western Australia, Government House of Western Australia New Zealand New Zealand, Government Houses of New Zealand Auckland, Old Government House, Government House of Auckland Wellington, Government House of Wellington South Pacific South Pacific Cook Islands, Government House of the Cook Islands Fiji, Government House of Fiji Gilbert and Ellice Islands, Government House of Gilbert & Ellice Islands Nauru, Government House of Nauru Niue, Government House of Niue Norfolk Island, Government House of Norfolk Island Papua New Guinea, Government House of Papua New Guinea Pitcairn Islands, Government House of Pitcairn Islands Solomon Islands, Government House of Solomon Islands Tonga, Government House of Tonga Vanuatu, Government House of Vanuatu Western Samoa, Government House of Western Samoa See also Official residence Government House List of British Empire-related topics

It was a Dacian fortified town. See also Castra of Bucium References Category:Dacian fortresses in Hunedoara County

The was a prominent Japanese samurai clan which established the Muromachi shogunate and ruled Japan from roughly 1333 to 1573. The Ashikaga were descended from a branch of the Minamoto clan, deriving originally from the town of Ashikaga in Shimotsuke province (modern-day Tochigi prefecture). For about a century the clan was divided in two rival branches, the Kantō Ashikaga, who ruled from Kamakura, and the Kyōto Ashikaga, rulers of Japan. The rivalry ended with the defeat of the first in 1439. The clan had many notable branch clans, including the Hosokawa, Imagawa, Hatakeyama (after 1205), Kira , Shiba, and Hachisuka clans. After the head family of the Minamoto clan died out during the early Kamakura period, the Ashikaga came to style themselves as the head of the Minamoto, coopting the prestige which came with that name. Another Ashikaga clan, not related by blood, and derived instead from the Fujiwara clan, also existed. History Emperor Go-Daigo 後醍醐天皇 (1288–1339) destroyed the Kamakura shogunate in 1333. Yet the emperor was unable to control the unrest produced. The emperor’s inefficient rule led to one of his greatest generals, Ashikaga Takauji 足利尊氏 (1305–1358), to betray him in 1335. This established the Northern Court, named after its location in Kyoto, which was north of Go-Daigo’s encampment. The conflict between Go-Daigo and the Ashikaga clan is known as the Upheaval of the Northern and Southern courts (Nanbokuchō no dōran 南北朝の動乱). In 1392, the Southern Court surrendered to the third shogun Ashikaga Yoshimitsu 足利義満 (1358–1408). Notable Shōguns The Ashikaga clan had 15 Shōguns from 1333 to 1573. Some were more powerful or prominent than others. Ashikaga Yoshimitsu (足利義満) was the third shogun of the Ashikaga clan. He made the Ashikaga Shogunate strong and stable. Ashikaga Yoshimitsu was responsible for the defeat of the Southern Court in 1392. Known for his patronage of the arts, he constructed the Kinkaku-ji in 1397. Yoshimitsu also expanded foreign relations with Ming China. Yoshimitsu sent an embassy to Ming Dynasty China in 1401, headed by priest Soa and Hakata merchant Koetomi. They brought with them a conciliatory memorial to the emperor, and numerous gifts including horses, fans, gold, screens, paper, swords, armor, and inkstone cases. The mission was successful, and returned to Japan the following year. A Ming envoy returned alongside Soa and Koetomi, and presented Yoshimitsu with an official imperial Chinese calendar, and documents officially recognizing (or investing) him as "King of Japan." After the death of Yoshimitsu, the Ashikaga Shogunate lost power and influence. In 1429, Ashikaga Yoshinori (足利義教) the sixth shogun adapted Yoshimitsu’s policies in order to strengthen the power of the Shogunate. He wanted to increase military power but faced opposition. His 12-year reign saw the restoration of diplomatic ties and trade between Japan and China that had been the fourth Shogun, Yoshimochi’s undertaking. Ashikaga Yoshiaki (足利義昭）was the 15th and last Shogun. He came into power in 1568 with the help of the general Oda Nobunaga (織田信長). After rivalry emerged between the two, Nobunaga defeated Yoshiaki and banished him from Kyoto. This effectively ended the rule on the Ashikaga clan in 1573. Clan heads 1. Ashikaga Yoshiyasu 2. Ashikaga Yoshikane 3. Ashikaga Yoshiuji 4. Ashikaga Yasuuji 5. Ashikaga Yoriuji 6. Ashikaga Ietoki 7. Ashikaga Sadauji 8. Ashikaga Takauji Shōguns 1. Ashikaga Takauji 2. Ashikaga Yoshiakira 3. Ashikaga Yoshimitsu 4. Ashikaga Yoshimochi 5. Ashikaga Yoshikazu 6. Ashikaga Yoshinori 7. Ashikaga Yoshikatsu 8. Ashikaga Yoshimasa 9. Ashikaga Yoshihisa 10. Ashikaga Yoshitane 11. Ashikaga Yoshizumi 12. Ashikaga Yoshiharu 13. Ashikaga Yoshiteru 14. Ashikaga Yoshihide 15 Ashikaga Yoshiaki Notable Ashikaga Chachamaru Ashikaga Masatomo Ashikaga Mitsukane Ashikaga Mochiuji Ashikaga Motouji Ashikaga Satouji Ashikaga Shigeuji Ashikaga Tadafuyu Ashikaga Tadayoshi Ashikaga Tadatsuna Ashikaga Ujimitsu Ashikaga Yoshimi Family tree See also Muromachi period Kantō Kubō Ashikaga clan (Fujiwara) Notes References Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005). Japan encyclopedia. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ; OCLC 58053128 Category:Minamoto clan Category:Ashikaga clan

Antony Bek (also spelled Beck or Beke; 127919 December 1343) was a medieval Bishop of Norwich. Bek was elected Bishop of Lincoln on 3 February 1320 but the election was quashed later in the year. Bek was the chancellor and dean of Lincoln Cathedral and was nominated to Bishop of Norwich by the Pope on 14 March 1337 and consecrated on 30 March 1337. Bek was a quarrelsome man and, after a stormy and tyrannical episcopate, died on 19 December 1343, possibly poisoned by his own servants at the instigation of the monks. He was replaced by Bishop Bateman. Bek is not to be confused with Antony Bek, Bishop of Durham and Latin patriarch of Jerusalem, his kinsman and namesake. Citations References Category:1279 births Category:1343 deaths Category:Bishops of Norwich Category:14th-century Roman Catholic bishops Category:Deans of Lincoln

This is a list of documented major crimes in Japan. References https://archive.is/20150421000347/https://www.japantoday.com/smartphone/view/crime/sasebo-girl-who-killed-classmate-judged-criminally-responsible Crimes Japan Major crimes

The 1952 UCI Road World Championships took place in Luxembourg, Luxembourg between 23–24 August 1952. Events Summary References Category:UCI Road World Championships by year W R R Category:Sports competitions in Luxembourg City Category:1950s in Luxembourg City Category:August 1952 sports events

Cezar Mateus (born 1961 in Bucharest, Romania) is an American luthier working in Princeton, New Jersey. He specializes in lutes, archlutes, theorbos and other related instruments. His instruments have been played by Sting, Edin Karamazov, Yasunori Imamura, Roman Turovsky, , Ariel Abramovich, Eric Redlinger (of Asteria Musica) and Evangelina Mascardi. References External links Category:Living people Category:1961 births Category:Luthiers Category:Lute makers Category:People from Bucharest Category:Composers for lute Category:21st-century classical composers Category:People from Princeton, New Jersey Category:American lutenists Category:21st-century American musicians Category:Male classical composers Category:21st-century American male musicians

Hypena lignealis is a moth in the family Noctuidae described by Francis Walker in 1866. It is found in Sri Lanka, Taiwan and Japan. Description Its wingspan is about 32 mm. The forewings are much broader. The outer margin less oblique. Raised tufts are slight. Head and thorax reddish brown. Abdomen fuscous. Forewings reddish brown, where the inner area suffused with bluish grey, which is narrowest at middle. Some black spots found in and below cell. There is an indistinct highly angled postmedial line with a black spot on it below cell. The curved apical streak very long and prominent, with two black spots above it. An indistinct submarginal black specks series can be seen. Hindwings fuscous. Ventral side of forewings with black and white subapical speck. References Category:Moths described in 1866 Category:Hypena Category:Moths of Japan Category:Moths of Taiwan Category:Moths of Sri Lanka

Girdhar or Giradhara (1787-1852) was a Gujarati poet. Works Girdhar is known for his poetic epic Ramayana (1837) which is popular in Gujarat. He derived the story from Ramayana of Tulsidas and several other Puranic texts. His version is lucid and musical as it is in simple language and uses traditional metres and melodies. His poetry Radha Virahna Barmas is influenced by the poetry of Vaishnavism. His Tulsi Vivah narrates the wedding of Krishna and Tulsi in 26 lyrics. It resemble the Kadva (cantos) style of medieval Gujarati poetry. He also wrote lyrics on Gopi and Krishna relations and wrote Ashwamedha and Rajsuyayajna. He based a large number of his poems on Dasamskandha of Bhagavata. See also List of Gujarati-language writers References Category:Medieval poets Category:1787 births Category:1852 deaths Category:Gujarati-language poets

He Couldn't Say No is a Warner Bros. romantic comedy film released on March 18, 1938. It stars Frank McHugh as a timid advertising man who is dominated by everyone, including his girlfriend, played by Jane Wyman. It is based on the play Larger than Life by Joseph Schrank and the short story of the same name by Norman H. Matson. Plot Lambert T. Hunkins (Frank McHugh) works at a linoleum company. When his boss, Oxnard O. Parsons (Ferris Taylor), gives him a raise from $30 a month to $40, his girlfriend Violet's (Jane Wyman) mother, Mrs. Coney (Cora Witherspoon), decides that it is time for the two to get married. Lambert is too meek to object. They go to an auction to buy some furniture, but when he sees a statue that resembles socialite Iris Mabby (Diana Lewis), the woman he adores from afar, he buys it, over the Coneys' objections. As Lambert is leaving, Iris's father, Senator Mabby (Berton Churchill), tries to buy the statue from him, but Lambert refuses to sell at any price. Their bargaining attracts the attention of a street reporter (John Ridgely), and the story of the humble office worker turning down a large sum of money gets into the media. The senator rushes off before he can be recognized. It turns out that Senator Mabby is mounting a public campaign against nudity, and the artwork (for which his daughter posed) would be terribly embarrassing to him. Iris does not care. Iris visits Lambert, curious about the buyer. She finds he is like no other man she has ever met, and encourages him to stand firm against her father. Julia Becker, the sculptor, also pays a visit. Despite his weak protests, she insists she will send him two companion statues (also based on Iris). Meanwhile, crook Hymie Atlas (Raymond Hatton) decides the statue must be worth a lot of money. He and his two thugs, Slug (William Haade) and Dimples (Tom Kennedy), barge into Lambert's apartment to steal it. When Senator Mabby and Iris show up to make another offer, the three gangsters hide in the next room. With a gun secretly pointed at him, Lambert is forced to insist on a price of $150,000. The senator refuses, and Iris is disillusioned. After the Mabbys leave, Hymie assigns Dimples to keep an eye on Lambert. The next day, Lambert receives a telegram, bearing an Iowa museum's bid of $5000. Lambert manages to knock Dimples out and steal a linoleum truck to transport the artwork to the museum's representatives. However, Hymie and Slug return before he can load it. They tie him up and drive to the buyers, unaware that Lambert has outsmarted them (what they think is the covered statue is actually an unconscious Dimples). When Parsons brings the police, looking for his truck, Lambert leads them to the thieves. The crooks are captured, and an impressed Parsons gives Lambert his job back. When Violet and her mother also show up, an emboldened Lambert tells them he is not going to marry Violet. With the $5000 check in hand, he proposes to Iris instead; she cannot say no. Cast Frank McHugh as Lambert T. Hunkins Jane Wyman as Violet Coney Cora Witherspoon as Mrs. Coney Diana Lewis as Iris Mabby Berton Churchill as Senator Mabby Ferris Taylor as Oxnard O. Parsons William Haade as Slug Tom Kennedy as Dimples Raymond Hatton as Hymie Atlas John Ridgely as Ed, the reporter Chester Clute as Musgrave Cliff Clark as Auctioneer Rita Gould as Julia Becker External links Category:American romantic comedy films Category:American films Category:American black-and-white films Category:American films based on plays Category:Films based on short fiction Category:Films directed by Lewis Seiler Category:Warner Bros. films Category:1930s romantic comedy films

Technological University, Mawlamyine () is a technological and engineering university located in Mawlamyine, Mon State, Burma. Technological University (Mawlamyine) is teaching a total number of 2203 students in the Academic year 2015–2016. History On 15 December 1982, the technological department was separated from Mawlamyine University to form Government Technical Institute (Mawlamyine). It was renamed as Government Technological College (Mawlamyine) in 1999. It became an independent university in 2007. Departments Civil Engineering Department Electronic and Communication Engineering Department Electrical Power Engineering Department Mechanical Engineering Department Information Technology Department Mechatronics Engineering Department Programs References Category:Technological universities in Myanmar

Vigadó (usually translated as "Place for Merriment") is Budapest's second largest concert hall, located on the Eastern bank of the Danube in Budapest, Hungary. Although the acoustics are lacking, the building itself, designed by Frigyes Feszl in 1859, makes a bold impression along the Pest embankment. Built to replace another concert hall on the same site (which was destroyed by fire in the 1848 War of Independence) Feszl's Vigadó was also badly damaged, this time during World War II. The post-war reconstruction, which took some thirty-six years to complete, remains faithful to his original design and continues to attract leading conductors and performers from around the world. The facade of the Vigadó was cleaned and restored in 2006. The Budai Vigadó is the home stage of the Hungarian State Folk Ensemble (The House of Traditions), the group having started in 1951 with Hungarian traditional dance and music. The group consists of 30 dancers, a Gypsy band of 14, and a 5-member folk band. See also List of concert halls External links Official site Category:Buildings and structures in Budapest Category:Culture in Budapest Category:Music venues completed in 1859 Category:Tourist attractions in Budapest Category:1859 establishments in the Austrian Empire

The 34th British Film Awards, given by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts in 1981, honoured the best films of 1980. There are no records, and no explanation, showing any nominations nor winner for the BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role and BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role at this 34th film ceremony. Winners and nominees BAFTA Fellowship: Abel Gance, Emeric Pressburger and Michael Powell BAFTA Outstanding British Contribution to Cinema Award: Kevin Brownlow Statistics See also 53rd Academy Awards 6th César Awards 33rd Directors Guild of America Awards 38th Golden Globe Awards 1st Golden Raspberry Awards 7th Saturn Awards 33rd Writers Guild of America Awards Category:1980 film awards Category:1981 in British cinema Film034

Robertus frontatus is a species of cobweb spider in the family Theridiidae. It is found in the United States and Canada. References Category:Theridiidae Category:Articles created by Qbugbot Category:Spiders described in 1892

Banī ʿAwn () is a sub-district located in the Shar'ab as-Salam District, Taiz Governorate, Yemen. Banī ʿAwn had a population of 4,175 according to the 2004 census. Villages Al-watia Al-kariba. Qa'dar *Al-mathirah. Al-hayja village. Al-qarf village. Al-hajifuh village. Al-hawabis village. Al-kharayib village. kawayakban village. Al-karba village. References Category:Sub-districts in Shar'ab as-Salam District

Flatulence humour or flatulence humor refers to any type of joke, practical joke device, or other off-color humor related to flatulence. History Although it is likely that flatulence humor has long been considered funny in cultures that consider the public passing of gas impolite, such jokes are rarely recorded. Two important early texts are the 5th century BC plays The Knights and The Clouds, both by Aristophanes, which contain numerous fart jokes. Another example from classical times appeared in Apocolocyntosis or The Pumpkinification of Claudius, a satire attributed to Seneca on the late Roman emperor: He later explains he got to the afterlife with a quote from Homer: Archeologist Warwick Ball asserts that the Roman Emperor Elagabulus played practical jokes on his guests, employing a whoopee cushion-like device at dinner parties. In the translated version of Penguin's 1001 Arabian Nights Tales, a story entitled "The Historic Fart" tells of a man who flees his country from the sheer embarrassment of farting at his wedding, only to return ten years later to discover that his fart had become so famous, that people used the anniversary of its occurrence to date other events. Upon learning this he exclaimed, "Verily, my fart has become a date! It shall be remembered forever!" His embarrassment is so great he returns to exile in India. In a similar vein, John Aubrey's Brief Lives recounts of Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford that: "The Earle of Oxford, making his low obeisance to Queen Elizabeth, happened to let a Fart, at which he was so abashed and ashamed that he went to Travell, 7 yeares. Upon his return home, the Queen greeted him, reportedly saying "My Lord, I had forgot the Fart." One of the most celebrated incidents of flatulence humor in early English literature is in The Miller's Tale by Geoffrey Chaucer, which dates from the 14th century; The Summoner's Tale has another. In the first, the character Nicholas sticks his buttocks out of a window at night and humiliates his rival Absolom by farting in his face. But Absolom gets revenge by thrusting a red-hot plough blade between Nicholas's cheeks ("ammyd the ers") The medieval Latin joke book Facetiae includes six tales about farting. François Rabelais' tales of Gargantua and Pantagruel are laden with acts of flatulence. In Chapter XXVII of the second book, the giant, Pantagruel, releases a fart that "made the earth shake for twenty-nine miles around, and the foul air he blew out created more than fifty-three thousand tiny men, dwarves and creatures of weird shapes, and then he emitted a fat wet fart that turned into just as many tiny stooping women." The plays of William Shakespeare include several humorous references to flatulence, including the following from Othello: Benjamin Franklin, in his open letter "To the Royal Academy of Farting", satirically proposes that converting farts into a more agreeable form through science should be a milestone goal of the Royal Academy. In Mark Twain's 1601, properly named [ Date: 1601.] Conversation, as it was the Social Fireside, in the Time of the Tudors, a cupbearer at Court who's a Diarist reports: The Queen inquires as to the source, and receives various replies. Lady Alice says: In the first chapter of Moby Dick, the narrator states: Inculpatory pronouncements The sourcing of a fart involves a ritual of assignment that sometimes takes the form of a rhyming game. These are frequently used to discourage others from mentioning the fart or to turn the embarrassment of farting into a pleasurable subject matter. The trick is to pin the blame on someone else, often by means of deception, or using a back and forth rhyming game that includes phrases such as the following: He who declared it blared it. He who observed it served it. He who detected it ejected it. He who rejected it respected it. He who smelt it dealt it. He who denied it supplied it. He who said the rhyme did the crime. He who accuses blew the fuses. He who pointed the finger pulled the trigger. He who articulated it particulated it. He who introduced it produced it. He who inculpated promulgated. He who deduced it produced it. He who was a smart-ass has a fart-ass. He who sniffed it biffed it. He who eulogized it aerosolized it. He who rapped it cracked it. He who policed it released it. Whoever rebuts it cuts it. Whoever said the rap did the crap. Whoever had the smirk did the work. Whoever spoke it broke it. Whoever asked it gassed it. Whoever started it farted it. Whoever explained it ordained it. Whoever thunk it stunk it. Whoever is squealing is concealing. Whoever thought it brought it. Whoever gave the call gassed us all. He who circulated it perpetrated it. Whoever spoke last set off the blast. The smeller's the feller. The one who said the verse just made the atmosphere worse. Whoever's poking fun is the smoking gun. It twas the thinker who loosened his sphincter. etc. Assigning blame to another can backfire: a joke about royalty has the Queen emitting flatulence, and then turning to a nearby page, exclaiming, "Arthur, stop that!" The page replies, "Yes, Your Majesty. Which way did it go?" Practical jokes A is a slang term for lying in bed with another person and pulling the covers over the person's head while flatulating, thereby creating an unpleasant situation in an enclosed space. This is done as a prank or by accident to one's sleeping partner. The book The Alphabet of Manliness discusses the Dutch oven and a phenomenon it refers to as the "Dutch oven surprise", that "happens if you force it too hard". The Illustrated Dictionary of Sex refers to this as a Dutch treat. A connection between relationships and performing a Dutch oven has been discussed in two undergraduate student newspaper articles and in actress Diane Farr's relationships/humor book The Girl Code. See also Flatulist Hundeprutterutchebane Le Pétomane Mr. Methane Pull my finger Whoopee cushion Armpit fart References Category:Practical joke devices Category:Flatulence in popular culture

The Clark's Miner Bee (Andrena clarkella) is a species of miner bee in the family Andrenidae. Other common names include Clark's Andrena and Clarke's Mining Bee. It is found in Europe & Northern Asia (excluding China) and North America. References Further reading External links Category:Andreninae Category:Articles created by Qbugbot Category:Insects described in 1802

Transcendental Youth is the fourteenth studio album by the Mountain Goats. The album focuses on outcasts, recluses, the mentally ill, and others struggling in ordinary society. The album is loosely unified around a group of people living in Washington state. At least one character is confirmed to be recurring from All Hail West Texas, an earlier album. Several songs were performed in concert with a capella quartet Anonymous 4 and featured arrangements by long-time friend Owen Pallett. However, Anonymous 4 and Owen Pallett do not appear on the official studio album. This is the first Mountain Goats album to prominently feature a horn section, contributed and arranged by fellow musician Matthew E. White, who opened for the band on their 2012 tour. The first 1,000 preorders of the album came with a bonus 7", containing demos for the songs "Steal Smoked Fish" on Side A, and "In the Shadow of the Western Hills," which was originally written for the album, on Side B. Track listing First reported by John Darnielle on July 9, 2012, the track list is: Personnel John Darnielle – vocals, guitar, piano, lyrics, composition Peter Hughes – bass, backing vocals Jon Wurster – drums, percussion Matthew E. White – horn arrangements Bob Miller – trumpet Bryan Hooten – trombone Reggie Chapman – bass trombone John Licley – tenor saxophone, clarinet Jason Scott – tenor saxophone, clarinet, flute Phil Cook – piano on "The Diaz Brothers" Production Scott Solter – mixing, "electronics and atmosphere" Brent Lambert – mastering, vocals on the song "Transcendental Youth" References Category:The Mountain Goats albums Category:2012 albums Category:Albums produced by Brandon Eggleston Category:Merge Records albums

Fatal Past is a 1993 Australian thriller film. References External links Fatal Past at BFI Fatal Past at Letterbox DVD Category:1993 films Category:Australian films Category:1990s thriller films Category:Australian thriller films

NSS-5 (Formerly known as Intelsat 803 and NSS-803) is a communications satellite operated by Intelsat and after by SES World Skies. Launched in 1997 it was operated in geostationary orbit at a longitude of 50.5 degrees east for around 14 years. Satellite The third of six Intelsat VIII satellites to be launched, NSS-5 was built by Lockheed Martin. It was a spacecraft. The satellite carried a 2xLEROS-1B apogee motor for propulsion and was equipped with 38 C Band transponders and 6 Ku band transponders, powered by 2 solar cells more batteries. It was designed for a fourteen-year service life. Launch The launch of NSS-5 made use of an Ariane 4 rocket flying from Guiana Space Centre, Kourou, French Guiana. The launch took place at 23:58 UTC on September 23, 1997, with the spacecraft entering a geosynchronous transfer orbit. NSS-5 subsequently fired its apogee motor to achieve geostationary orbit. See also 1997 in spaceflight References Category:Intelsat satellites Category:SES satellites Category:Spacecraft launched in 1997

Laigh Milton Viaduct is a railway viaduct near Laigh Milton mill to the west of Gatehead in East Ayrshire, Scotland, about 5 miles (8 km) west of Kilmarnock. It is probably the world's earliest surviving railway viaduct on a public railway, and the earliest known survivor of a type of multi-span railway structure subsequently adopted universally. The viaduct was restored in 1995-96 and is a Category A listed structure since 1982. It bridges the River Irvine which forms the boundary between East Ayrshire and South Ayrshire. It was built for the Kilmarnock and Troon Railway, opened in 1812; the line was a horse drawn plateway (although locomotive traction was tried later). The first viaduct was closed in 1846 when the railway line was realigned to ease the sharp curve for locomotive operation, and a wooden bridge was built a little to the south to carry the realigned route. This was in turn replaced by a third structure further south again, which carries trains at the present day. The first Laigh Milton viaduct The first viaduct was constructed as part of the Kilmarnock and Troon Railway, which opened on 6 July 1812. It is located at National Grid Reference NS 3834 3690. It was built with four segmental arches of 12.3 m (40 feet) span, and a rise of one-third span; the voussoirs were 610 mm (24 inches) thick. The railway was carried about 8 m (25 feet) above the river surface. The arches were of local freestone with sandstone ashlar facings and rounded cutwaters: these were later extended to form semi-circular buttresses. Built in 1811 - 1812, it is the oldest surviving railway viaduct in Scotland. and one of the oldest in the world. It is about 82 m (270 ft) long by 5.8 m (19 ft) wide over all. The piers are 9 ft (2.7 m) wide. Photographs taken prior to the recent restoration show the viaduct without parapets, and there is no evidence that these were provided. The engineer for the whole line was William Jessop, and the resident engineer was Thomas Hollis, and he was probably allowed considerable autonomy by Jessop. The stonemason was probably John Simpson, who had been extensively employed by Jessop at Ardrossan and on the Caledonian Canal. Hollis was refused permission to dismantle part of the mill dam to lower water level for pier construction, and "in July 1809 he was authorized to proceed by means of a cofferdam, involving 'very little more expense', with the advantage that 'the stones for the bridge can be floated down on a punt'." Paxton suggests that the original standard of construction was poor: This utilitarian, medium-scale viaduct was designed in accordance with traditional rather than 1810 state-of-the-art practice. It did not incorporate the hollow cross-tied spandrel improvement then being adopted with increasing frequency by leading engineers. If this had been adopted here instead of clay fill, it would have obviated the spandrel bulging and some of the stone loss that occurred. Much of the viaduct's stone quality and some workmanship at the west end were only just adequate for the purpose ... but the flat-stone, lime-mortar-bedded, pier hearting carried up to 1.5 m above arch springing was an effective feature which had probably saved the piers from collapse. In cross-section, the spandrels presented an unusual application of the classic gravity retaining wall. In the later decades of the twentieth century the viaduct had fallen into an ever-worsening condition, with much serious erosion and loss of facings; the western arch had sagged and the second arch had hogged; cracks up to 60 mm had opened up in the extrados of the arch rings. It had become obvious that the structure was near to collapse, and in February 1992 the Laigh Milton Viaduct Conservation Project was formed. It is described below. When it was by-passed, it remained in place, and was used as a footway and possibly for cartage to and from the pit on the west side of the river, Fairlie Colliery No. 3. Second viaduct In 1846 the proprietors determined the need to improve their railway for ordinary locomotive use. Part of this process involved easing some of the very sharp curves on the line. This process included providing a new viaduct to cross the River Irvine, a little distance south of the first viaduct. This second bridge was wooden; it was located where the river banks were lower than at the first viaduct, and elevated approaches were needed. Little detail of this second viaduct has survived. This structure is no longer in place, but the remains of the abutments can still be seen in the River Irvine when the water is exceptionally low. Third viaduct In 1865 the wooden structure was itself replaced by a new viaduct further south, improving the alignment of the railway once more. The new viaduct remains in use by Network Rail at the present day; it may be known as Gatehead Viaduct. The Kilmarnock & Troon Railway In 1807 the Marquess of Titchfield (later the 4th Duke of Portland) commissioned William Jessop to build a railway line between Kilmarnock and Troon. Bentinck had coal pits near Kilmarnock and was constructing a harbour at Troon. Much of his coal was destined for Ireland from Troon. The line opened in 1812; it was made as a double track line, as a plateway, in which the rails were L-shaped in cross section; wagons with plain wheels could use the line. The railway used horses for traction; a locomotive was tried, but it was too heavy and broke the plates. Passengers were carried by independent hauliers. The plateway system had significant limitations, and the Company converted the line to an edge railway from 1841. Locomotive traction was intended, and some very sharp curves on the original line needed to be eased. Laigh Milton Viaduct was located on a sharp curve, and the conversion work included the provision of a new structure a short distance to the south. The Kilmarnock and Troon Railway was a local line, and as larger concerns extended their area of influence, the Glasgow, Paisley, Kilmarnock and Ayr Railway (GPK&AR) leased the line from 1846, and built connecting lines so that it became an integral part of their network. The alignment at the second Laigh Milton Viaduct was still unsatisfactory and in 1865 a third viaduct was built further south. The GPK&AR was taken over by the Glasgow and South Western Railway and the line remains in use today (2013), owned by Network Rail. Passenger and freight trains operate over the route. Conservation project In February 1992 the Laigh Milton Viaduct Conservation Project was formed, with the objective of conserving the structure. The Project did not necessarily anticipate taking on ownership, but this became necessary as a condition of funding, and Strathclyde Regional Council agreed to let and oversee the main contract for restoration, and to take over ownership on completion. Ownership proved difficult to trace, but was eventually found to rest with adjoining farm owners, and the viaduct was purchased from them for a nominal sum. Contracts were prepared on a design and build basis, and funding was obtained from: National Heritage Memorial Fund: £400,000 Historic Scotland: £277,300 European Union: £200,000 Strathclyde Regional Council: £63,000, in addition to roads and planning services Kyle & Carrick District Council: £65,000 Kilmarnock & Loudoun District Council: £45,000 Enterprise Ayrshire: £15,000 The lowest tender for execution of the project was accepted in February 1995, and the out-turn was £1.024 million, representing 95% of the funding; preliminary works accounted for 1.5% and legal costs and administration for 3.5%. Barr Construction were the main contractor. Paxton records that The viaduct had become fragile largely because of crumbling of much of its stone, which was not of the best quality, being of a minutely fissured weak texture. With lack of maintenance, vegetation and weather effects this weakness had led to widespread stone loss and serious undercutting to all piers at or near water level. The west pier was seriously cracked, mainly around its traditional hearting, and had lost about a third of its 2.9 m thickness. Some movement had occurred long ago causing stretching and hogging of the arches adjoining the west pier. ... The north spandrel wall had suffered extensive stone loss at the top and some peeling away of pier bull-noses. The site agent had shown initiative by artificially ageing a trial area of new stone with peat and milk, but it was insisted that the new stone should remain untreated in order that old and new work could be identified. The original viaduct had not had parapets and had probably never had handrails, which were now essential for safety. It was considered appropriate to make them of steel in an authentic period style, and after examining photographs of the cast iron railings of Chirk Aqueduct and other early examples, masonry copings and light-coloured railings were provided. The preservation of the 300 mm distortion of arch 2 was maintained; the light coloured railings are unobtrusive visually against the sky. The viaduct was formally re-opened on 29 October 1996, and ownership of the viaduct was handed over to East and South Ayrshire Councils on 18 April 1997. Indications from Ordnance Survey and other maps John Ainslie's map of 1821 and John Thomson's map of 1828 both show the route of the Kilmarnock & Troon railway and the position of Laigh Milton viaduct crossing the River Irvine. The first Ordnance Survey map of 1860 shows a farm track crossing the viaduct as part of a byway from West Gatehead farm to Cockhill farm and the Craig estate. The new wooden viaduct of 1846 carries the railway. The new bridge required embankments to give sufficient height over the river, whereas the first viaduct was sprung from higher river embankments. On the Troon side the site of the old track has been obliterated by Fairlie Colliery (Pit No.3) and its spoil heaps. The 1898–1904 Ordnance Survey map shows that the wooden bridge (the second structure) has been abandoned and a new bridge built further up river. The 1911 Ordnance Survey map marks the trackbed alignment of the first and second bridges, whilst the 1860 mineral line to Thorntoun and Gatehead collieries is now shown as a footpath. Fairlie Colliery (Pit No.3) is still active with several sidings and spoil heaps. No track or lane is shown running to West Gatehead farm. McNaught's map of 1912 shows the colliery siding and indicates the access over the old viaduct to West Gatehead. It is likely that this access across Laigh Milton viaduct to the colliery allowed coal to be taken off the site by road and allowed pedestrian access to the colliery. The 1921–28 Ordnance Survey map shows the area as Laigh Milton for the first time. The first viaduct is still clearly shown as part of the farm track to Cockhill farm from West Gatehead. No sign of the wooden viaduct is indicated and a saw mill is now marked, possibly the cause of the need for the extra definition of the name of the site. The 1985 1:25,000 Ordnance Survey map shows the inter-farm route as still intact; the saw mill is not marked; and Laigh Milton mill had become a public house. The embankments of the old railway line that ran up to the old wooden viaduct are however shown here. Traditions and local history The viaduct has gone by several alternative names, such as Gateside Viaduct, Drybridge Viaduct, West Gatehead Viaduct or even the 'wet bridge', as distinct from the nearby 'Drybridge'. Gatehead railway station was situated nearby, in the village of that name. It closed on 3 March 1969. Gatehead is likely to be named from the turnpike road and the tool bar. A 'Gatehead Toll Bar' is still marked on the road down to Laigh Milton mill and the Craig house estate on the 1860 OS map. A hamlet called 'Milton' is marked on the 1821 and 1828 maps, but the name is not marked on the 1860 and the more recent OS maps. The remains of the old Drybridge railway station and the village of the same name are nearby. The name 'Drybridge' comes from the fact that most bridges up until the era of the railways were built over watercourses and were therefore 'wet bridges'. A 'Dry bridge' was such a novelty that the name has survived ever since. This part of the railway is still active as the part of the Glasgow South Western Line (and officially known as the 'Burns Line') running from Kilmarnock to Troon. Views of Laigh Milton Viaduct in 2007 Another early Scottish railway structure The Blackhall Bridge in Paisley was built in the period 1808 - 1810 as an aqueduct for the Glasgow, Paisley and Ardrossan Canal. It was converted for railway use in 1885, and currently carries the Paisley Canal branch railway. The bridge is probably the longest span masonry aqueduct of the canal age on a British canal, and one of the world's earliest bridges carrying a public railway. References External links YouTube video of Laigh Milton Viaduct YouTube video - Ayrshire Tales - A Romantic Tragedy Category:Bridges completed in 1812 Category:Pedestrian bridges in Scotland Category:History of East Ayrshire Category:Listed bridges in Scotland Category:Category A listed buildings in East Ayrshire Category:Category A listed buildings in South Ayrshire Category:Railway bridges in Scotland Category:Viaducts in Scotland

Regional Plant Protection Organization (RPPO) is an intergovernmental organization responsible for cooperation in plant protection. There are the following organizations under the International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC): Asia and Pacific Plant Protection Commission (APPPC) Caribbean Plant Protection Commission (CPPC) Comité de Sanidad Vegetal del Cono Sur (COSAVE) European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO) Interafrican Phytosanitary Council (IAPSC) North American Plant Protection Organization (NAPPO) Near East Plant Protection Organization (NEPPO) Organismo Internacional Regional de Sanidad Agropecuaria (OIRSA) Pacific Plant Protection Organization (PPPO) Under the IPPC, the role of the RPPO is to: function as the coordinating bodies in the areas covered, shall participate in various activities to achieve the objectives of this Convention and, where appropriate, shall gather and disseminate information. cooperate with the Secretary in achieving the objectives of the Convention and, where appropriate, cooperate with the Secretary and the Commission in developing international standards. hold regular Technical Consultations of representatives of regional plant protection organizations to: promote the development and use of relevant international standards for phytosanitary measures; and encourage inter-regional cooperation in promoting harmonized phytosanitary measures for controlling pests and in preventing their spread and/or introduction. Category:Agricultural organizations

Snorscombe is a ruined hamlet south of Everdon in Northamptonshire, England, whose rural location, now on private land, makes it extremely hard to access. History The hamlet was once a thriving community. The medieval residents would have worked for the local Lord under the manorial system and cultivated the surrounding land. The manor at Snorscombe was held by a Philip Lovell at the time of King John. By 1534 it had passed to the Knightley family. The manor house was a farmhouse by the early 18th century and all that was left of the village was that farm, a watermill and a cottage. External links Everdon Website Category:Former populated places in Northamptonshire Category:Daventry District Category:Hamlets in Northamptonshire

Cercopimorpha is a genus of moths in the subfamily Arctiinae. The genus was described by Arthur Gardiner Butler in 1876. Species Cercopimorpha dolens (Schaus, 1905) Cercopimorpha hoffmanni Zerny, 1931 Cercopimorpha homopteridia Butler, 1876 Cercopimorpha meterythra Hampson, 1898 Cercopimorpha postflavida (Rothschild, 1912) Cercopimorpha sylva Schaus, 1920 Cercopimorpha tetragonia Hampson, 1898 Selected former species Cercopimorpha complexa Gaede, 1926 References Category:Arctiinae

The Faculty of Law, Cambridge is the law school of the University of Cambridge. The faculty is one of the world's oldest and finest law schools, renowned for the quality of its teaching and its cutting-edge legal research, particularly in international law. It is regularly ranked as the best law school in the United Kingdom by major national league tables. In 2018, it was ranked the best law school in the United Kingdom and second best law school in the world. Legal study at the University of Cambridge began in the thirteenth century, and the faculty sits the oldest law professorship in the English-speaking world, the Regius Professorship of Civil Law, founded in 1540. Today, the faculty incorporates the Institute of Criminology as well as 11 Research Centres, including the world's leading research institute for international law, The Lauterpacht Centre for International Law. The faculty has 31 professors, six readers, and over 70 other university, faculty and college teaching officers. The student body comprises about 700 undergraduate and 225 graduate students. It is also home to the Cambridge University Law Society, the largest student-run law society in the United Kingdom, and one of the largest in the world. History The history of legal education in Cambridge dates back to the thirteenth century, when the core subjects of legal study in all European universities were Civil law (the law of ancient Rome) and the Canon law of the Church. Early graduates of the Cambridge Faculty of Canon Law held the highest judicial positions in Europe in the Rota at Avignon. Notable alumni of the faculty include William Bateman and Thomas Fastolf, who wrote the first known law reports in the ius commune tradition, and William Lyndwood, the principal commentator on medieval English Canon law. During the English Reformation, King Henry VIII ordered the faculty to stop teaching canon law in 1535. Nonetheless, the faculty received some compensation when the same king appointed Thomas Smith as the first Regius Professor of Civil Law in 1540. Academical legal learning was cosmopolitan; Cambridge doctors of law practised in the ecclesiastical and admiralty courts, assisted the nation in foreign embassies, and discoursed on law, justice and government in philosophical and comparative terms. English law was added to the curriculum in 1800, with the foundation of the Downing Professorship of the Laws of England. Examinations in law for the B.A. degree began in 1858, and the faculty grew steadily in size and in the range of its interests. The other established chairs in the faculty are: the Whewell (International Law, 1867), the Rouse Ball (English Law, 1927), the Wolfson (Criminology, 1959), the Arthur Goodhart Visiting Professorship (1971), the Professorship of Law (1973) the S.J. Berwin (Corporate Law, 1991), the Herchel Smith Professorship of Intellectual Property Law (1993), and the Professorship of European Law (1994). Among benefactions received by the faculty to support study and research have been the Whewell Trust Fund (1867), for scholarships in international law; Edmund Yorke's bequest (1873), used for the Yorke Prize and other undertakings connected with the study of law; the Maitland Memorial Fund (1906), established in honour of F. W. Maitland, Downing Professor and renowned legal historian, for the promotion of research and instruction in the history of law and of legal language and institutions; the Squire Scholarship Fund, received from the trustees of Miss Rebecca Flower Squire in 1901 to provide scholarships and grants in law; the Wright Rogers bequest (1966), for scholarships and grants; the Hersch Lauterpacht Fund (1967), for the study of international law; and a number of prize funds. Further generous support was provided in connection with the new building. Courses offered The faculty offers six degrees in Law: BA, LLM, MCL, MLitt, PhD and LLD. In addition, it offers the MPhil in Criminology, the MPhil in Criminological Research, the Diploma in Legal Studies, and the Diploma in International Law. Rankings and reputation Cambridge is unanimously ranked as the best law school in the UK by all major national academic league tables. It is currently ranked first by The Guardian, The Times/The Sunday Times' Good University Guide, and The Complete University Guide. Since it started publishing its annual rankings for 2010, The Guardian has ranked Cambridge first six times (2010, 2012, 2015, 2016, 2017, and 2018). The Complete University Guide has given the top spot to Cambridge since 2013 and eight times in the last 11 years. The Times Good University Guide law rankings has Cambridge atop its league table since 2014. In 2019, the QS World University Rankings ranked Cambridge as the world's third best university for law. THE ranked Cambridge as the world's third best university for law in its 2019 subject rankings. Facilities David Williams Building The faculty is housed in the David Williams Building on the university's Sidgwick Site in Cambridge. The Building is named after the University's first full-time Vice-Chancellor and Professor of Public Law, Professor Sir David Williams. The Building opened in 1996 and was designed by Norman Foster, who also designed the terminal building at Stansted Airport and 30 St Mary Axe (the "Gherkin" in London). The building suffered serious acoustic problems (primarily due to a lack of consideration of acoustics in Foster's design), with its form amplifying any noise from the lower levels and causing significant disturbance at higher levels, not least in the library. This was fixed in 1999 with the installation of a glazed acoustic screen, separating quiet areas from noisy ones. The David Williams Building contains the University's Squire Law Library, together with offices, lecture and seminar rooms and common room facilities. Squire Law Library The Squire Law Library, which occupies the majority of the first, second and third floors of the building, is a dependent library of Cambridge University Library. It contains one of the three largest legal collections in the UK with more than 180,000 volumes. The collection is very strong across UK law, the law of other major common law countries (the United States, Australia, Canada and New Zealand), and the law of the European Union, France and Germany. There are, additionally, smaller collections for the law of many other countries. The library provides its users with access to many major legal databases. The library was founded in 1904, at first with only 8,000 volumes, although this soon increased. In 1934, together with the Seeley Historical Library, it moved to the Cockerell Building on Senate House Passage, previously the home of the University Library built in 1837-42. The Squire took over the whole of the Cockerell Building on the construction of James Stirling's building for the history library in 1968. With the Squire's own move in turn, its former site became the library of Gonville and Caius College. Most individual colleges also have a smaller law library of their own. Societies There are a number of groups and societies based around the Faculty of Law: Cambridge University Law Society Cambridge Societies at the Inns of Court (Gray's Inn, Lincoln's Inn, and Middle Temple) Graduate Law Society The Cambridge University Society for Women Lawyers Cambridge University Students' Pro Bono Society Cambridge Pro Bono Project Most colleges also have their own law societies. Publications Notable publications produced under the aegis of the faculty include: University of Cambridge Faculty of Law Legal Studies Research Paper Series The Cambridge Law Journal International Law Reports Clarendon Studies in Criminology (joint venture with the criminology centres at Oxford and the London School of Economics) Cambridge Studies in English Legal History Cambridge International Law Journal Notable persons Alumni Faculty Named Chairs Downing Professor of the Laws of England (Sarah Worthington since 2011) Regius Professor of Civil Law (David Ibbetson since 2000) Rouse Ball Professor of English Law (Louise Gullifer since 2019) Whewell Professor of International Law (Eyal Benvenisti since 2016) Professor of Law, 1973 (John Bell since 2001) Sir David Williams Professor of Public Law (Alison Young from January 2018) Others Trevor Allan, Professor of Jurisprudence and Public Law Catherine Barnard, Professor of European Union Law since 2008 Eilís Ferran, Professor of Company and Securities Law since 2005 Graham Virgo, Professor of English Private Law since 2007 References External links Squire Law Library University of Cambridge Category:Norman Foster buildings Category:High-tech architecture Category:Lattice shell structures Law, Faculty of Category:Law schools in England

College Hall is a fully catered hall of residence of the University of London. It is situated on Malet Street in the Bloomsbury district of London, United Kingdom. It is an intercollegiate hall, and as such provides accommodation for full-time students at constituent colleges and institutions of the University of London including King's College, University College, Queen Mary, the London School of Economics and the School of Oriental and African Studies amongst others. History Established in 1882, and initially located in Byng Place, College Hall was incorporated into the University of London in 1910. It moved to nearby Malet Street in 1932. It historically catered for female students (having been co-founded by educationalist and suffragist Annie Leigh Browne, Mary Stewart Kilgour, Mary Browne (Lady Lockyer) and Henrietta Müller) but today welcomes male and female students alike. College Hall provides 357 rooms of which the majority are ensuite. Structure Each of the intercollegiate halls of residence is managed by a Hall Manager. Every hall also has a Warden and a number of resident Senior Members. The Hall Managers and their staff work full-time during office hours, while the Wardens and Senior Members, commonly referred to as the Wardenial staff, are part-time staff who are either studying or working in academic or academic-related roles elsewhere in the University of London. The Junior Common Room (JCR) Committee, elected by the students, provides social and sporting activities. Transport The nearest underground stations are Goodge Street to the west, Euston Square to the north and Russell Square to the east. See also Connaught Hall, London International Hall, London References College Hall, University of London (downloadable from University of London web page) College Hall, University of London: Summer Housing (downloadable from University of London web page) Category:University of London intercollegiate halls of residence Category:Buildings and structures in Bloomsbury

Mitochondrial import inner membrane translocase subunit Tim10 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the TIMM10 gene. TIMM10 belongs to a family of evolutionarily conserved proteins that are organized in heterooligomeric complexes in the mitochondrial intermembrane space. These proteins mediate the import and insertion of hydrophobic membrane proteins into the mitochondrial inner membrane.[supplied by OMIM] References Further reading

Elbtal is a community in Limburg-Weilburg district in Hesse, Germany. Geography Location Elbtal lies on the Westerwald’s southern slope above the Lahn valley. Constituent communities Elbtal’s Ortsteile are Dorchheim (administrative seat), Elbgrund, Hangenmeilingen, und Heuchelheim. History The hills on either side of the Elbbach were already inhabited by the New Stone Age, as shown by the many finds of stone tools. The circular rampart called Heidenhäuschen ("Little Heath House") near Hangenmeilingen has been dated to Hallstatt times (750 to 450 BC). Heuchelheim had its first documentary mention in 772 in a donation document from the Lorsch Abbey. Waldmannshausen, one of Elbgrund’s forerunner communities, had its first documentary mention on 21 October 1138 in connection with its donation to the monastery at St. Goar. Dorchheim had its first documentary mention in 1215 in a document from the Maria Laach Abbey while Mühlbach, Elbgrund’s other forerunner community, was first mentioned in 1230 in a donation by the House of Nassau to the Teutonic Knights. Hangenmeilingen had its first documentary mention on 21 January 1333. The still preserved moated castle of Waldmannshausen in Elbgrund was in the Middle Ages the seat of the Walpode, who held the judiciary overlordship in the surrounding country. The building work comprises a Late Gothic dwelling house with two round towers and commercial buildings, which are still used today. To the west are found the ruins of an older, cross-shaped castle. In 1835, the castle came into the prominent Bethmann banking family’s ownership. After the Second World War, it was quarters for the United States Army. Today its use is scholastic. One of the oldest buildings in the community is the Marienstätter Hof in Dorchheim, which has been used since 1993 as Elbtal’s town hall. Its exact building year is unknown. It is one of three still preserved estates that belonged to Marienstatt Abbey. Until the mid 20th century, clay and basalt were quarried in Mühlbach’s municipal area. On 1 February 1971, the communities of Dorchheim, Hangenmeilingen and Heuchelheim merged into one with the name Elbtal. On 1 July 1973, the then still autonomous community of Elbgrund also joined, after itself having been formed in a merger in 1936 of the formerly autonomous communities of Mühlbach and Waldmannshausen. Politics Community council The municipal election held on 26 March 2006 yielded the following results: Sightseeing Waldmannshausen Castle Kapelle St. Nikolaus (“Saint Nicholas’s Chapel”) at the Dorchheim cemetery Built in the early 12th century and converted in the 16th century, it has central pillars with rich carving and a sanctuary with a painting gallery. Economy and infrastructure Elbtal is a residential community. Besides the trades and crafts that are customary in such a place, there is no industry. Transport The community lies on Bundesstraße 54 (Siegen - Limburg) and is thereby well linked to the long-distance road network. Education The Elbtalschule in Dorchheim serves as a common primary school for the community. Nearby secondary schools are the Mittelpunktschule St. Blasius in Frickhofen and the Fürst Johann Ludwig Schule in Hadamar. Public institutions Kindergarten Elbtal "Sonnenblume" in Dorchheim Kindergarten Elbtal "St. Josef" in Dorchheim Dorchheim Volunteer Fire Brigade, founded 1895 (includes Youth Fire Brigade) Elbgrund Volunteer Fire Brigade, founded 1934 (includes Youth Fire Brigade) Hangenmeilingen Volunteer Fire Brigade, founded 1934 (includes Youth Fire Brigade) Heuchelheim Volunteer Fire Brigade, founded 1967 (includes Youth Fire Brigade) References External links Category:Limburg-Weilburg

Amalda tindalli is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Olividae, the olives. The taxonomy status is uncertain. Description Distribution References Category:Olividae Category:Gastropods described in 1898

() is a Norwegian high-speed airport rail link connecting Oslo Airport, Gardermoen to Oslo Central Station in nineteen minutes. Run by Flytoget AS (formerly NSB Gardermobanen AS), it operates on the high-speed Gardermoen Line using sixteen GMB Class 71 electric trains. Normal service frequency is once every ten minutes, with five of the services each hour continuing westwards beyond Oslo Central. The extended services serve nine stops within Greater Oslo and take up to 60 minutes. Flytoget transported 5.4 million passengers in 2007, a 34-percent market share of airport ground transport. The service, which has a top speed of , is the only high-speed rail service in Norway. Construction started in 1994 and high-speed trains began serving Gardermoen Airport from the date of its opening on 8 October 1998, although full operation using the Romerike Tunnel had to wait another ten and a half months after severe leaks caused by the tunnel's construction led to the partial depletion of two lakes. Formed in 1992 as a subsidiary of Norwegian State Railways, the company has been owned since 2001 by the Norwegian Ministry of Trade and Industry. History Decision for a new airport connection When the Parliament of Norway on 8 October 1992 decided to build a new central airport for Eastern Norway, they also decided that the main mode of ground transport should be by rail. While the previous airport, Oslo Airport, Fornebu, was located just outside the city limits, the new airport, Oslo Airport, Gardermoen, would be located north of the city, outside the reach of existing public transport. The principle of the airport construction was that it was not to be footed by the tax payers; the entire airport would be built with borrowed money through Oslo Lufthavn AS, a subsidiary of the Norwegian Airport Administration. The same principle was chosen for the airport rail link—the Norwegian State Railways (NSB) creating the limited company subsidiary NSB Gardermobanen AS, founded on 24 November 1992, to perform the construction of the line. It would be able to charge train operators using the line, channeling the payments to cover down payments and interest of the debt used to build the railway. Profit margin was estimated to 7.5%. Construction Oslo Airport, Gardermoen, is not on the Trunk Line that runs north from Oslo. With heavy traffic and many small stops until Lillestrøm, and continuing north as single track, the Trunk Line would have to be supplemented by a parallel double track from Oslo, with a new route north of Kløfta to Eidsvoll; the north of the airport allowing trains operating on the Dovre Line to Lillehammer and Trondheim to access the airport. The line was named the Gardermo Line. The Gardermo Line was the second attempt to build high-speed rail in Norway, after the line from Ski to Moss on the Østfold Line. But no operation speeds exceeding are achieved there due to short distances and limitations to rolling stock, making Gardermobanen the first real high-speed railway line in Norway. Due to the domination of single track in Norway, the opening of the Gardermo Line increased the total length of double track in the kingdom by two-thirds. Construction started in 1994. An agreement for purchase of sixteen three-car electric multiple units was signed with Adtranz on 23 February 1995. Parliament decided on 1 October 1996 that the construction company would also operate the new train service. The trains were delivered between 19 September 1997 and 30 January 1998, costing NOK 1.4 billion. Challenges The greatest challenge was the need to build the Romerike railway tunnel – Norway's longest – beneath the geologically highly unstable Østmarka area between Etterstad, close to Oslo Central Station, and Lillestrøm. During construction, in 1997, the water level in some lakes above the tunnel, including Lutvann and Nordre Puttjern, sank dramatically. After the leaks were discovered on 3 February 1997, sanctions were imposed by the Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate requiring the elimination of all leakages. At its worst, the tunnel was leaking of water per minute. Rhoca-Gil sealant was used in an attempt to fix the leaks, but failed to work properly. Not only did it not polymerise, and therefore failed to staunch the leaks, but it also poisoned its surroundings with acrylamide. Manual fixing with concrete became necessary; the fixing and cleaning up of the toxin delayed the building of the tunnel by one year. Further complications arose due to conflicts between NSB Gardermobanen and the construction company, Scandinavian Rock Group, with the latter at one instance stopping work for three weeks while the parties quarrelled in court. Reports have shown a lack of inspection and reporting procedures during incidents that should have been addressed – but were never taken seriously – in 1995. Construction of the tunnel caused damage to around sixty houses and an evaluation by the Ministry of Transport and Communications showed that NOK 500 million was spent on fixing the leaks and claimed that this was to a large extent an unnecessary expenditure which more efficient engineering procedures would have avoided. The report also criticised the administrative planning and organisation of the overall construction of the railway. Airport Express Trains began operating as soon as the new airport (and the Lillestrøm to Gardermoen stretch of the new high-speed line) opened on 8 October 1998; however, for more than ten months they had to use the old Hovedbane (Trunk Line) between Oslo S and Lillestrøm, which restricted their frequency to just two trains per hour. Regular operations at full capacity, using the Romerike Tunnel, did not commence until 22 August 1999. Reorganisation Estimates for the project costs were NOK 4.3 billion, ±20%, but by completion they had ended at NOK 7.7 billion, of which NOK 1.3 billion were related to the leakages. The rest of the line had a cost exceedings of NOK 0.4 billion. The company had acquired financial costs of NOK 0.9 billion, so the company owed NOK 10.0 billion by 1999, including money spent on the new trains. The first steps of organisational restructure were taken 29 June 2000, when the CEO of NSB, Osmund Ueland, was fired due to several incidents related to the operations of NSB—not just the Gardermo Line. Einar Enger took over as new CEO on 26 February 2001. The debt in NSB Gardermobanen had become unmanageable, and in April 2000 parliament accepted that it would not be possible to make the Gardermo Line—with the current structure—the profitable venture predicted in 1992. From 1 January 2001, the company changed name to Flytoget AS, retaining ownership of the trains and operations and kept as a subsidiary of NSB. The tracks and infrastructure were transferred to the Norwegian National Rail Administration (), who owns the rest of the Norwegian railway network. All debt was restored and covered by the state, and a vehicle excise duty was implemented on the Gardermo Line to cover the management and maintenance of the line, to be paid by all users. On 9 December 2002, parliament decided that Flytoget AS would become a separate railway company from 1 January 2003, owned directly by the Ministry of Transport and Communications. One year later the ownership was transferred to the Ministry of Trade and Industry as part of a cleanup of political overhaul between the departments. As part of the process, a new CEO, Thomas Havnegjerde, was appointed in June 2002, and in January 2003 the new Chair, Endre Skjørestad—who took over the position form NSB's director Einar Enger. Havnegjerde announced on 6 August 2008 that he would retire from his job before the end of the year. He was replaced by Linda Bernander Silseth on 10 November 2008. On 30 August 2009, two of three services to Asker were extended to Drammen. This followed upgrades to the Drammen Line, including the Lieråsen Tunnel, and a new parking lot at Drammen Station, in total costing NOK 20 million. Operations Departures operate every ten minutes from Oslo Central Station (Oslo S) to the airport - i.e. six trains pr. hour. Half of the trains originate in Drammen, making five intermediate stops before Oslo S, and again at Lillestrøm. One starts from Oslo S and go directly to Gardermoen without intermediate stops. Two start from Stabekk and calls at Lysaker, Skøyen, Nationaltheateret and Oslo S. On Saturdays, Sunday mornings and in most of July, Flytoget does not operate the direct trains from Oslo S or Stabekk — only the 20-minute headway all-stop trains. While the services northeast from Oslo S to the airport use the high-speed Gardermo Line, those westwards towards Asker use the Drammen Line built in 1870–72 and the Asker Line; so while the from Oslo S to the airport can be done in 19 minutes, the from Asker to Oslo S takes 26 minutes. The latter does however include stops at five stations: Nationaltheatret, Skøyen, Lysaker, Sandvika and Asker. Competition is offered from other means of ground transport and by NSB who operate trains from and to the airport. This includes one hourly departure with line L12 of the Oslo Commuter Rail north to Eidsvoll and south to Oslo, Drammen and Kongsberg; two regional trains (line R10 and R11) hourly north to Eidsvoll and Lillehammer and south to Drammen and Vestfold; and five daily express trains to Dombås and Trondheim calling Oslo Airport Station, including one night train (although the express trains to Trondheim do not accept passengers only travelling between Oslo and Gardermoen). The price of a ticket to Oslo is NOK 180, though higher if departing from Sandvika, Asker and Drammen. Reduced fares with 50% discount are offered to senior citizens, children, youth under 21 years, students, benefit recipients and military personnel. Flytoget tickets are not valid on NSB trains, and vice versa. NSB tickets are generally cheaper, though not for some groups with reduced fare; for instance students are granted a greater discount with Flytoget than with NSB. Ticket can either be bought at vending machines or as e-tickets; there is no seat reservation. Flytoget transported 5.4 million passengers in 2007, a 34% market share of airport ground transport. Flytoget boasts a high service quality, with 96% of departures arriving within 3 minutes of schedule and only 0.4% of departures canceled. Part of this is due to the airport express trains receiving priority over other trains in the limited capacity around Oslo. Flytoget was announced to have the most satisfied, and the fourth most loyal customers of all Norwegian companies in 2008, by the customer satisfaction survey conducted by the Norwegian School of Management. The same year Flytoget was declared the best place of work in Norway by Great Place to Work. During the 2007 recruitment half of the newly educated train divers chose Flytoget over NSB, mostly due to higher wages. Stations Incidents Several deaths have taken place on the route, but only one due to an accident. In 1999, an employee of the National Rail Administration was killed by a train because it was operating at instead of the temporarily reduced limit of ; Flytoget was fined for not informing the engineer of the speed limit reduction. Several other deaths on the line have been classified as suicides, and so are not in the accident statistics; they do however cause delays on all services for hours after the incident takes place. In 2000–01, Flytoget experienced three derailments with empty trains at Gardermoen; one caused by the engineer falling asleep and two by the train passing a red light. No more such accidents occurred after automatic Train Control was installed in 2001. Delays have been experienced many times by travelers due to technical problems on the infrastructure. In particular the old line west of Oslo causes much delay, and the National Rail Administration performed during 2008 a NOK 100 million upgrade to the Oslo Tunnel to ensure better performance. But problems also incur on the new sections, regularly delaying service or capacity, and forcing Flytoget to operate fewer departures. In total 96% of departures arrived within 3 minutes of schedule and 0.4% of departures were canceled in 2007. Pickpocketing has been a problem since the start; even the Chief of Police in Oslo has been robbed on the train. The train has also been the target of sabotage, and embezzlement for NOK 1 million by an employed ticket salesman, who found a way to print two tickets with the system only charging for one, by turning off and on the ticket printer. When Al Gore came to Oslo to receive his Nobel Peace Prize on 7 December 2007, he used the Airport Express Train to make his journey as environmentally friendly as possible. The company has initiated a program to ensure better diet for the employees; this had made several lose weight and has reduced the level of sick leave from 12 to 8%. In 2005–07, a program to reduce the energy use of the trains through smarter operation reduced energy consumption by 15%. During the 2010 volcano air travel disruption, the Gardermoen airport was closed for a period, and the Flytoget trains were used by NSB instead, to give extra train capacity for long-distance routes. Rolling stock The company operates sixteen Class 71 three-car electric multiple units delivered in 1997–98, and built domestically by Adtranz at Strømmen based on carbodies built in Adtranz factory in Kalmar. They are based on the Swedish X2 operated by SJ in their X 2000 intercity service, and developed by Kalmar Verkstad during the 1980s. The Class 71 are nearly identical to the NSB Class 73, save the 71-series lacking one car and tilting mechanism, and a different interior. Both have chosen to not use the original locomotive design, instead installing one powered bogie in each car. The 71-series is built for a maximum operating speed of , but has achieved higher speeds in test runs. Among the features are pressure-tight cabins to allow comfortable travel through tunnels at high speeds, and step-free access to the cars. Instead, steps are inside the trains; this has been criticized to be in non-conformance with public accessibility policy. The multiple units can only operate in fixed sets of three cars, but up to three sets can be run in multiple. Flytoget regularly uses double sets to create six-car trains. In 2008–09, all units will be refit with an additional middle car by Bombardier Transportation, increasing capacity by 40% to 244 seats. Unlike the Class 71, the sister trains in service with NSB were prone to trouble, having to operate on hundred-year-old infrastructure on cross-mountain services; the Class 71 has more lenient operating conditions thanks to better infrastructure. The only incident to ground all the BM71 trains occurred on the 17 June 2000 at Nelaug when a Class 73 train operated by NSB derailed because of stress on the axle. Unlike the NSB trains, the airport express trains were back in service the next day, while the 73-series had to wait another month. On 24 January 2004 a unit had to be taken out of service due to smoke from a stressed bearing—within days the bearings were replaced on all units. Future New tracks In 2005, the first part of the Asker Line opened between Sandvika and Asker, with new double track running parallel to the old Drammen Line, allowing quicker travel times to Asker. The second section, between Lysaker and Sandvika, was opened in 2011, and reduced travel time west of Lysaker by about seven minutes. The project also included a full upgrade of Lysaker Station. There are plans to build two more tracks from Lysaker to Oslo Central Station, including a new tunnel under central Oslo. This project is not decided. New EMUs Flytoget has ordered eight new 4-car CAF Oaris EMUs from the Spanish manufacturer CAF. The trains are planned to start operation in 2020 and be named class 78. Even though the EMU's maximum speed is , the infrastructure limits the speed to . References External links Category:High-speed rail in Norway Category:Railway companies of Norway Category:Railway companies established in 1992 Category:Rail transport in Akershus Category:Rail transport in Buskerud Category:Rail transport in Oslo Flytoget Category:Airport rail links Category:1992 establishments in Norway Category:Railway services introduced in 1998 Category:Oslo Airport, Gardermoen

Abe "The Newsboy" Hollandersky (December 3, 1888 – November 1, 1966) became the second American boxer to win the Panamanian Heavyweight Title when he defeated Californian Jack Ortega in nine rounds in Panama City on May 30, 1913. American congressmen, Naval personnel, and canal workers were among the crowd of nearly two thousand who watched Hollandersky gain victory over an opponent who outweighed him by over thirty-five pounds. The New York Times announced Hollandersky's best known win the following morning. Hollandersky was reputed to have fought an unprecedented 1,039 boxing matches between 1905–18, as well as 387 wrestling matches. The record of 1039 bouts from Hollandersky's autobiography was featured for decades in the Guinness Book of World Records, Ripley's Believe it or Not, The Ring Record Book, and hundreds of short newspaper articles made available as Associated Press fillers, appearing most frequently between 1930 and 1970. The most common fight total cited by Hollandersky was 1039, but as Abe fought additional exhibitions he increased the count, thus a few sources that interviewed him after the publication of his book quote higher totals. In his role as newsboy to the Navy he met, worked or corresponded with four Presidents, at least two Secretarys of the Navy, and many high ranking admirals, while documenting his meetings and correspondence. Several sources also credit him with taking an American or World Welterweight Wrestling Championship in December 1907. Hollandersky's claim to the championship was a result of a victory over "Young Roeber" who wrestled frequently in New York and held several wrestling weight division titles. Early life Hollandersky was born to Jewish parents Charles and Celia Hollandersky in the small town of Berżniki, in Northeastern Poland bordering on Lithuania, then in the province of Suwałki, Russia. Like many Jewish families in their part of the world, the Hollanderskys struggled to survive in the grips of poverty with little opportunity to improve their fate. Abe held memories of his mother washing clothes barefoot in the snow of Berzniki. Though his book and the ship's manifest from his first entry into the United States give his birth year as 1888, Hollandersky cited December 3, 1887, as his birth date in his passport application, and other official documents. The ship's manifest for his arrival in the United States in 1899 likely gives the more accurate birth date of 1888, as it was provided by his mother on entry to the United States when Abe was 11. Abe's mother Celia, raised by a religious leader, created strong Old Testament values in Abe that were reflected in the moral tone of much of his autobiography. Celia's father, Mowza (Moses) Finkielsztejn, was a "Podskolnik", a part-time temple leader who could fill in as a Rabbi or teach Hebrew. Pogroms, famine, restrictions on career opportunities, the inability to own or purchase property, and highly limited access to public secondary education caused by Tsar Alexander III's May Laws of 1882, encouraged the family to leave Russia. According to Abe's autobiography, many of the residents of Berzniki were evicted from their homes by edict of the Russian government if they could not prove they were land owners. Flight from Russia, arrival in America According to genealogist Marlene Silverman, Falk Hollandersky, Abe's Uncle, emigrated to America at age forty-three, arriving in New York around 1886 accompanied by his wife Sarah Feyga whom he had married in a small ceremony in Berznicki in 1865. Falk farmed in the summer and in the winter worked in a largely hand made garment and tailoring shop in Chesterfield, Connecticut, specializing in pants. By 1892, in New London, he opened a tailoring and clothing shop with his son-in-law Simon Plattus that eventually included the sale of quality fur coats he often made himself. Four of Abe's siblings, two boys and two girls, died of malnutrition in Berzniki prior to Abe's departure. Departing Russia around the age of nine or ten, Hollandersky headed to Berlin, Germany and than Manchester, England with his mother Celia and older brother Sol. In Manchester, Celia worked in the textile industry to raise money for passage to America. Manchester was a natural choice as her cousin Solomon Hollandersky, Uncle Falk's son, had already emigrated there before coming to America. Hollandersky's father Charles, a tailor, had preceded him to America around 1886 to find work, at some point plying his trade with his brother Falk in New England. Charles sent money from New England to Abe's mother so his family could eventually afford passage to America, but became blind before they were able to leave Berzniki. Uncle Falk and his wife Sarah Feyga provided parental support to Abe at times in his youth. Falk Hollandersky's wife Sarah and Abe's mother Celia were sisters, daughters of assistant Rabbi Mowza (Moses) Finkielsztejn (born c. 1812). The two sisters in turn married the Hollandersky brothers Falk and Charles. Abe, his mother Celia, and brother Sol first arrived in America in 1899. Hollandersky arrived with little or no public schooling. He took boxing training at a local YMCA, and continued to sell newspapers as a youth, having begun by selling them in Manchester, England, around age eight or nine. Youthful trespassing offense in New London By the age of seventeen, Hollandersky was wrestling professionally in New London, and at sixteen, in September 1904, was found guilty of trespassing on the New York, New Haven, and New London Railroad. The New London judge found Abe was the "ringleader of a gang of boys who made themselves a nuisance by hanging around the station," and they may have hitched the occasional ride on the boxcars. For a boy who chose boxing as a profession, this was a minor offense, but Hollandersky may have suffered from a lack of adult supervision having never attended public school, and having a blind father who was limited in the role he could take in his upbringing. The following month, according to The Day, Hollandersky headed Southwest to Louisville, Kentucky where he had family. Encounter with President Roosevelt After he tried to sell a newspaper to Teddy Roosevelt aboard the presidential yacht USS Mayflower in September 1906, Roosevelt had Admiral Robley D. Evans, Commander of the North Atlantic Fleet, create the official unpaid title "Newsboy of the Navy," for Hollandersky, giving him the right to sell papers to any Navy ship and travel to any destination on U. S. Naval vessels. According to Hollandersky's autobiography, their meeting took place during Roosevelt's Presidential review of the Naval fleet in New York's Oyster Bay, off Long Island, September 2–4, 1906, and was a pivotal point in Abe's career. Hollandersky had a busy boxing schedule in New York that year which kept him near Oyster Bay, and Roosevelt had likely come from his home off the Bay. Hollandersky and the President engaged in a brief and friendly exchange of light blows after Roosevelt waved off his Secret Service bodyguards. Their meeting took place on the Starboard deck of the Presidential yacht after Roosevelt saw Abe's cauliflower ear, and asked if he was a boxer. The President had boxed competitively at Harvard, and took a sincere interest in the eighteen year old newsboy who was keen on selling his papers to the fleet. According to historian Abraham Hoffman, Charles J. Bonaparte, Secretary of the Navy, several Secret Service bodyguards, Edith Roosevelt, the President's wife, and the well known entrepreneur Cornelius Vanderbilt were also aboard the Mayflower during Roosevelt's September fleet review. A signed letter from Hollandersky's book authenticates a relationship between him and President Roosevelt. The letter extends an invitation from the President for Abe to visit him at the White House. Correspondence also is documented from Roosevelt's wife Edith. Around 1908, while selling papers, Hollandersky claimed to have boarded one of Admiral Evans' old commands, the , flagship of the Great White Fleet, while Roosevelt was again aboard. After meeting Roosevelt, Hollandersky boxed aboard the Presidential yacht Mayflower to entertain members of Congress, and later briefly met President Woodrow Wilson aboard the Mayflower off New London. Naval contacts and work with the US Navy During his early work with the Navy, Abe sold newspapers to ships off the New London harbor. While serving U. S. Naval Academy Midshipmen during their annual summer cruise from Annapolis in July and August in New London's Gardiner Bay, he met many future Admirals. Around 1906, Abe met Captain George Fried who would become famous in the late 1920s for the valiant rescues of the French ship Antinoe and the Italian freighter Florida while he commanded ocean liners of the United States Lines. When they first met, Fried was a young fledgling sailor serving his first Naval assignment aboard the old civil war era schooner USS Hartford, where he learned the art of navigation. Fried and Hollandersky maintained an acquaintance for many years. Admiral J. M. Reeves, a pioneer in the use of Naval air warfare, was one of the many high-ranking officers who claimed to have been sold newspapers by Hollandersky very early in his career, and throughout his very distinguished years of service. Future Commodore Harry Asher Badt was one of the many Naval Academy midshipman who met Abe around 1905 in New London during the Academy's annual summer cruise from Annapolis. Badt was aboard the USS Chesapeake, a three-masted, wooden-hulled, fully rigged ship, renamed the USS Severn in 1905. Abe claimed to have again sold papers aboard the Severn while she was in port near Ancon, Panama around late 1913. Badt was part of the US Naval Academy's class of 1908, according to their yearbook the Lucky Bag, during the period when Lieutenant William D. Leahy was beginning his Naval career as a teaching assistant in Physics and Electrical Engineering. Twenty-five years later, Admiral Leahy, while serving as Chief of Staff to Franklin Roosevelt, would write a brief review of Abe's book in March 1930 and on December 7, 1943, would sign his Award of Merit for recruiting 1700 men for the Navy in the ramp up for WWII. Leahy had formerly served as the Chief of Naval Operations from 1937–39. Also signing the award in 1943 were Fleet Admiral C.W. Nimitz, largely responsible for the Navy's success at the Battle of Midway in 1942, and James Forrestal, Secretary of the Navy. Both would send photographs to Abe for his book, with Admiral Nimitz's photo depicting him posing with Abe before a map. Fighting a kangaroo and bear Abe boxed a huge muzzled bear named "Custer" around 1905 at Huber's Dime Museum on 14th Street in New York City. Harry Houdini would later perform at the same Huber's. With his friend, Irish heavyweight boxer and ex-Navy man Tom Sharkey acting as referee, Abe claimed to have knocked out the bear, who fell from the ring damaging a grand piano, infuriating the Museum's manager and amazing the large audience who included several Tammany Hall politicians. Sharkey had held the World Heavyweight Championship from 1896–98, and was arguably the greatest boxer the Navy produced at the turn of the century. Abe boxed or wrestled a kangaroo in an exhibition in Australia during his first world cruise with the Navy around 1907-8, but was thrown out of the ring by a swing of the animal's tail. These incidents were described with humor and detail in Abe's book as well as much later being the subject of noted sports writer Harold Rosenthal's December 1978 article on Abe in Sports Illustrated. They added a certain color to the story of his life which appealed to the newspaper reporters that wrote about him in brief biographies. Much of his early boxing experience took place in and around New York City, as his family kept a residence there until at least 1909, while Abe's father maintained an apartment on 167 East Broadway. As a young New York club fighter in 1906, Abe fought the better known boxers Todo Moran, Patsy Connors, Harry Greenhouse and "Buffalo" Eddie Kelly. In the early Spring of 1906 in a smokey New York City boxing club known as the Lion's Palace, talented featherweight "Buffalo" Eddie Kelly took only ten seconds to knock an inexperienced eighteen year old Abe to the canvas for a full count. Two years later, Kelly would challenge the legendary Jewish boxer Abe Attell three times for the Featherweight Championship of the World. Bout with Maurice Lemoine, December 1908 On December 14, 1908, not long after his participation in the Cruise of the Great White Fleet at only twenty, Hollandersky fought a close six-round match with Maurice Lemoine at the Grand Opera House in New Haven, Connecticut. Though New London's The Day gave the decision to Lemoine, the prestigious New York Times felt Hollandersky had the better of the bout,"winning on points", and "battering Lemoine in the sixth and last round". The widely covered fight was a preliminary to a World Welterweight Title match between reigning Jewish World Welterweight Champion Harry Lewis, and his frequent opponent Willie Lewis. In September 1910, two years after his close bout with Lemoine, Abe, with excessive self-confidence, challenged former World Welterweight Champion Honey Mellody to a bout by posting a challenge in The New London Day. Mellody's handler's declined to respond. Two weeks prior to the challenge, Mellody had knocked out Abe's December 1908 opponent Lemoine, and drew against him four months later in a bout in Webster, Massachusetts. Hollandersky used Mellody's matching with Lemoine, a boxer he may have beaten, as an indication he had the skills to face the ex-World Welterweight Champion. New England opponents Hollandersky's best known opponents in New England included Austin Rice, Dave Palitz, Al Rogers, Italian Joe Gans, and Tommy Teague. Teague was a Navy Welterweight Champion from the USS Michigan when they fought in June 1911, and later an unsuccessful opponent of New York Jewish boxer Al McCoy four days before McCoy became the youngest boxer at seventeen to win the World Middleweight Championship. McCoy and Hollandersky would later both appear in 20th Century Picture's 1933 The Bowery. Fellow welterweight boxer Al Rogers had decisively beaten ex-World Welterweight Champion Honey Mellody on June 10, 1912, in Baltimore just two weeks before beating Abe in an important fifteen round bout in the same city's Empire Theatre. Hollandersky fought fellow New Londoner Austin Rice and Connecticut welterweight Dave Palitz on more than five occasions each. Rice had shown enormous boxing promise at age thirty as a contender for the Featherweight Championship of the World against Young Corbett II on January 14, 1903. Hollandersky fought Rice, who was twelve years older and sidelined as a carpenter, in both paid and exhibition bouts until the end of Rice's boxing career. Fellow New Londoner Mosey King, an early New England Lightweight Champion and Yale boxing coach for forty years, is included in Hollandersky's list of fights in the back of his autobiography as a "Win". King, who like Abe was of Jewish ancestry and raised in a close family, was Connecticut's first boxing commissioner from 1921–23, and reputed to have given tips to any boxer looking to improve his game. He was a likely opponent of Hollandersky at least in a sparring or exhibition match, as he grew up in New London with Abe. According to at least one source, Rice, King, and Hollandersky shared Jimmy Nelson as an early coach and sparring partner as youths in New London. The legend goes that Nelson had worked as a corner man for undefeated World Lightweight Champion Jack McAuliffe before coming to New London. Work with the Navy Hollandersky's long career with the Navy included work as an independent supply boat operator or "bum boater" from which he sold magazines and newspapers to the fleet. His boat was a small motorized dingy that was rumored to have been given to him by Admiral Robley Evans. Early in his career, Abe saved several people from drowning and rescued stranded boats in Gardiner Bay off the docks of New London while "bum boating" for the Navy. "Bum boating" consisted of taking a small launch out to naval vessels and selling newspapers, magazines, and small supplies to Navy personnel. In his small launch, he also performed tasks such as delivering mail to naval ships. In his mid-career with the Navy, he worked as a boxing instructor for sailors at the pier in New London near the end of WWI, and as a recruiter of 1,700 naval personnel in WWII while he was living in Los Angeles. He also gave boxing exhibitions and training, and sold newspapers to Naval ships during his world cruises. After cruising to California in 1925, Abe helped the Navy provide relief for the aftermath of the Santa Barbara earthquake that struck on June 25, 1925. He raised War Bonds in WWII, occasionally capitalizing on his contacts with former boxers, and entertainers, such as Jimmy Durante, with whom he had worked in a movie. He later assisted the Navy in providing relief following the March 10, 1933 Los Angeles area earthquake that had an epicenter near Long Beach, California, where he had his news stand. He was caught in the earthquake on the day it struck, and narrowly escaped injury. By 1947, the Navy bestowed on Abe the "Award of Merit" for his recruiting of both men and women for WWII. Four cruises with the fleet Hollandersky took four long voyages that included cruises on Naval vessels prior to his marriage. Abe took a cruise sometime between 1906–8 that followed part of the Cruise of the Great White Fleet to Australia, and possibly Japan and China, and a second long boxing cruise beginning in 1912 from New London to Jamaica, Panama, Ecuador, Peru and Chile that returned to New London. His third trip was a voyage that included primarily land travel from New London, Connecticut to San Pedro, California in 1921, and his fourth cruise around 1924 went via sea from New London to Cuba than overland to the West Coast, before following the Trans-Pacific "Good Will Cruise" from San Francisco to Honolulu in June 1925. During his cruises, Abe often boxed and wrestled matches for both the training and entertainment of the troops and fought a few land-based professional bouts as well. His primary function was acting as a newsboy to the crew, making stops to pick up English newspapers at most major ports. Cruise with Great White Fleet, 1907–1908 Hollandersky's voyage to Australia occurred not long after he met Theodore Roosevelt, early in his boxing career, around 1906–08 as part of the Cruise of the Great White Fleet. The second half of the fourteen-month cruise, much of which included Abe, routed sixteen state-of-the-art coal burning American battleships with white painted hulls from the California coast to New Zealand, Australia, the Philippines, Japan, and China. Japan was already threatening as a naval power and President Roosevelt, architect of the cruise, intended to demonstrate the strength of the American fleet to both allied countries and potential enemies. Hollandersky sailed aboard the USS Kearsarge and served as her newsboy as she circumnavigated the globe and docked at the Navy's most exotic ports. The pinnacle of naval technology at the time, the Kearsarge served as the flagship of the North Atlantic fleet through 1905. Both heavily armed and armored, she carried a crew of 550, and could cruise at a top speed of twenty miles per hour. She docked in Australia in August 1908, along with close to a thousand sailors from the fifteen other Naval vessels who flooded the streets and received a warm reception in Melbourne and Sydney. Abe would have had time to take primarily the Australian leg of the cruise. He likely stopped at Aukland, New Zealand, and possibly the Philippines as he was absent from New London through much of 1906, six months in 1907 and nine months in 1908 which included the period when the Kearsarge arrived in Melbourne in August. His rigorous boxing and wrestling schedule precluded him from traveling continuously for the full fourteen months of the cruise. Chief Harry Simmon Morris, who served as an Ordinary Seaman and bugler on the during the cruise with Abe, became one of Abe's lifelong friends. A Torpedo's Mate for most of his career, Morris would become the longest-serving enlisted man in U. S. Naval history at 55 years, serving from 1903–58. After returning to New London from his travels around October 1908, Abe decided to meet a portion of the fleet on their return to America. He may have broken his record for newspaper sales when he and a group of newsies contracted to him sold thousands of papers to the returning sailors, off Hampton Roads, near Norfolk, Virginia. The Hampton Roads ceremony for the returning fleet included a speech by President Theodore Roosevelt aboard the USS Connecticut, flagship of the cruise, during the third week of February, 1909. According to his book, Hollandersky personally sold a paper to both the President and Admiral Evans on their return from the cruise. Second cruise, Central and South America 1912–14 Hollandersky had a busy boxing schedule throughout 1910 and 1911. He used his naval privileges in combination with commercial vessels between 1912 and 1914, to sail south from his hometown of New London, selling newspapers to the fleet while stopping to fight boxing matches in Cuba, Jamaica, Panama, Chile, and later Mexico. He arrived in New York from Chile, ending his South American travels in early December of 1914, before returning to New London. In January and February 1912, taking a commercial vessel South, he fought several bouts and wrestled at or near the base in Guantanamo, Cuba, while the fleet was on maneuvers. He served briefly as newsboy for the while she was in Cuba in January. The New York Tribune of March, 1912, reported "Abe has been with the fleet at Guantanamo all winter and has won several bouts with ease against the best the island affords." The Reverend W. H. "Ironsides" Reaney was a boxing mentor to Abe while he was in Cuba, and helped arrange his Cuban bouts during morning breakfasts aboard the ill-fated battleship USS Utah. Reaney helped referee a few shipboard fights, and had boxed in his earlier days. The USS Utah had been constructed the previous August, 1911, and was on a shakedown cruise ending in Guantanamo. Though obsolete by 1941, she would become one of the first ships lost at Pearl Harbor. Abe credited Reaney with helping him to find matches in Jamaica and for encouraging him to seek his fortune in Panama City. In the early spring of 1912, Abe returned to the states via steamship from Cuba, resumed his boxing and wrestling career, and rescued a woman from a subway mishap in New London that August. Heading South the following spring of 1913, Abe defeated talented black boxers T. K. Wint, billed as Young Jack Johnson, "Welterweight Champion of the West Indies," and Young Joe Jeanette in ten round bouts in Kingston, Jamaica. He then headed directly to Panama to face the Panamanian heavyweight champion Jack Ortega. Panamanian Heavy Title, 1913 His historic first bout for the Panamanian Heavyweight Title with Californian Jack Ortega in Panama City on May 30, 1913, featured an audience of nearly two thousand and included most of the members of an American congressional party in Panama, there to view the final stages of the building of the Panama Canal. According to Abe, the congressmen had sailed there on the Presidential yacht Mayflower. Ortega, the reigning Panamanian heavyweight champion, was known to deliver knockout punches and his size made him a formidable opponent. Abe entered the ring to an ovation and a hearty round of applause, as Ortega was not a friend of the Panamanian crowd who knew him from previous fights. The match ended in an eighth round foul when, by most accounts, Abe was having the better of the bout, landing more frequent and strategic blows, if less powerful than his opponent's. Hollandersky was around twenty-five and in the prime of his boxing career, while Ortega was around thirty-six, and outweighed Hollandersky by at least thirty-five or forty pounds. He had power, and strength, but lacked the speed of his younger opponent. According to one newspaper, after Ortega pushed him onto the ropes in the final round, "Abe was partly in the ring and partly out of it, spectators in the crowd trying to prevent his falling from the platform and Ortega, without really realizing what he was doing but fighting madly, swung low and landed on Abe's groin". The article continues, "Abe, who did not fall when the blow was delivered, walked to his corner across the ring and then laid down on the floor to recover from the effects of the punch. The injury he received was apparent to all who were close to see him when he was undressed by his seconds. It was some fifteen minutes before he was able to leave the ring." Hollandersky inferred in his autobiography the foul was probably intentional, particularly the one that ended his rematch with Ortega later in August. The foul ended the bout, and made Hollandersky Heavyweight Champion of Panama. Taking home the princely sum of $900 for the bout, Hollandersky claimed to have used $600 of his winnings for a down payment on a home for his blind father Charles in New London, likely at 251 Huntington Avenue. That night, Hollandersky was promised a Heavyweight Championship belt at a banquet in his honor in Panama City, and was invited to meet with the President of Panama, Belisario Porras Barahona. Abe spoke to the group of dignitaries, gamblers, and fellow boxers about his victory. Panamanian heavyweight rematch, August 1913 Hollandersky successfully defended his Panamanian Heavyweight Title only once, in an 18 of 45 round rematch with Jack Ortega on Sunday, August 10, 1913, in the National Sports Arena in Panama City. After a morning rain, the lengthy match took place outdoors beneath the tropical sun, beginning around four in the afternoon. Hollandersky had trained for a full month, making a training camp on the neighboring Pacific island of Taboga, while Ortega had trained more diligently than he had for his first bout. The initial rounds of the match went slowly and uneventfully, followed by several rounds where Ortega clinched frequently using his weight advantage to wear down his opponent. In the later rounds, Hollandersky landed frequent blows to the chest, probably lacking the reach to connect often with the head or chin and wary of exposing himself to an opponent with greater reach and power. Hollandersky did on occasion connect with a stiff left jab to the head of Ortega. Throughout the match, Ortega used backhanded blows from his glove to Hollandersky's face and jaw. With Ortega in pain, exhausted, struggling, and suffering from a blow to the chin, he struck Abe below the belt in round 18. According to Hollandersky's autobiography, Ortega, "backed away, leered at me, and then deliberately raised his leg and kicked me in the belly". One account indicates the blow was from a raised knee. After calling a foul for the low blow, the referee ended the bout, and Hollandersky retained the Panamanian Heavyweight Title. Ortega would be arrested in Panama City only one week later for fixing a fight by taking a first round dive against the Pittsburgh boxer Buck Crouse. Hollandersky claimed in his book to have been present at the fight. In November 1900, Ortega had been convicted of assaulting an eleven-year-old girl in San Jose, California and was sentenced to life in San Quentin. He served only around twelve years before traveling to Panama. Prior to his arrest in 1900, he had once brutally kicked an opponent in the ring during a prize-fight in 1899, and in a separate incident been arrested for battery. Hollandersky claimed in his autobiography that Ortega had sent envoys to try to bribe him to lose their second bout, and that he had once attempted armed assault against him in a Panamanian bar. Panamanian Title loss, 1914 Five months after taking the championship from Ortega, Hollandersky lost his Panamanian heavyweight title, but lasted for twenty-five grueling rounds against the young and gifted, 1921 American "Colored" World Light Heavyweight Champion, William Ward, known as Kid Norfolk. Few in the crowd believed that Hollandersky would last ten rounds with the future Boxing Hall of Fame champion, who had a four-inch height advantage and outweighed him by over twenty-five pounds. Abe's ability to go the limit with Norfolk, seemed more impressive when considering, "from eleven until two o'clock on the day of the battle, Hollandersky was at Colon Harbor selling newspapers to the Marines on the USS Minnesota, only two hours before stepping into the ring with Kid Norfolk at four that afternoon". The match took place at a Skating Rink in Ancon, Panama, on Sunday afternoon, January 18, 1914, before a sold-out crowd. New London's The Day wrote that Hollandersky had the edge in only three of the rounds, before the end when Norfolk "began battering Abe around the ring and trying hard for a knockout". The Panamanian crowd voiced their approval of the Newsboy's tenacity, and as soon as the final bell sounded to end the long contest, they "stormed the ring and carried the little fellow (Abe) off on their shoulders." Hollandersky claimed he was paid ten dollars a round for the Norfolk bout, and an additional seventeen hundred dollars that he shared from the winnings of his sailor friends, many of whom had bet on him to last ten rounds. This brought the total earnings for his evening's work to $1,950, roughly two years salary for many Americans in that era. Boxing in Panama after title The better known opponents Hollandersky fought in Panama after his loss of the title in 1914 included Jerry Cole, "Steamboat" Bill Scott, Tommy Connors, and Eddie Ryan and later in 1916, Panama Joe Gans. Panama Joe had such legendary speed and skill that he would act as a sparring partner to prepare Jack Dempsey for his September 1920 Heavyweight Title bout with Hall of Famer Billy Miske as well as Dempsey's earlier bout when he first took the Heavyweight Championship from Jess Willard in Toledo. The 5' 4" welterweight Hollandersky lost to Panama Joe, the younger and stronger Panamanian Light and Middleweight champion, and the accomplished middleweight Connors of Scranton, Pennsylvania, who had a five-inch height advantage. But he gave a closer fight to the Seattle welterweight Ryan before an impressive crowd of 1500 at the Savannah Club in Ancon, Panama on February 23, 1914. The Panamanian fans voiced their disapproval of the referee's Draw ruling as Hollandersky appeared to have landed more blows. The Norwich Bulletin felt Hollandersky had the edge in the Ryan bout which they referred to as a "Welterweight Championship of the Isthmus." Perhaps as a result, Abe's fight records at the end of his autobiography and Nat Fleischer's 1944 Ring Record Book referred to Hollandersky as a Welterweight Champion of Panama, though his actual title was heavyweight champion. Boxing and wrestling, 1914–18 After his loss to Jerry Cole in May 1914, Hollandersky sailed South from Panama to Ecuador and Peru, and spent the Fourth of July 1914, on a snow-covered peak in the Andes. In August and September 1914, he fought Chilean Valeriano Dinamarca and black middleweight William Daly several times near the coast in Valparaiso, Chile receiving a badly broken nose from a blow by Daly. Their brutal September bout, scheduled for six rounds, ended in a third-round disqualification when Abe accidentally head-butted Daly. On a substantial bet, heading inland to Santiago, Chile, Abe fought a jiu-jitsu wrestling match with a Count Sako, part of a Japanese wrestling troop. Abe claimed he had a cursory knowledge of certain martial arts including jiu-jitsu. He won the match, which included three sets, the first Jiu Jitsu, the second catch-as-catch-can or mixed and the third American style Greco-Roman. He lost only the first Jiu Jitsu set to his Japanese opponent who was clearly more skilled in the Japanese martial art. Abe then returned to the states by sea. In February 1915, giving up five inches in reach, Abe lost a twenty-round bout to 5' 9" El Paso welterweight Frankie Fowser in Agua Prietta, Mexico, a border town near Douglas, Arizona. He made a brief appearance in El Paso then spent early March through early June 1915 in Fort Worth, Texas, arranging wrestling bouts, including two with Jimmy Pappas in April, winning one. He refereed a free boxing and wrestling exhibition on March 27, wrestled an exhibition with Joe Gens, a Russian Jewish immigrant, and shadow boxed at a benefit for the Jewish Community of Fort Worth's YMHA, that drew over three hundred guests. Losses to Dave Palitz, 1915–16 Perhaps the single fight that most influenced the "Newsboy" to retire was his brutal loss to welterweight Dave "KO" Palitz on September 6, 1915, in Lawrence Hall in New London. An accomplished welterweight, Palitz would unsuccessfully challenge Lou Holtz for the Connecticut State Welterweight Championship in 1920. During a boxing and wrestling tour in the Southwest and Mexico in the first half of 1915, Hollandersky had suffered from an illness of several weeks which may have contributed to his lack of conditioning for the bout. The Springfield Courier said of the twenty round battle that "K. O. Palitz of this city handed Abe the worst trimming a man ever received in a local ring, though the newsboy was on his feet at the end of the bout". New London's The Day, noticing Abe's puffy face, swollen ears, and blackened eye after the fight, wrote "he looked as if his demise were near at hand." The following February, Palitz defeated Abe again in a less brutal ten-round match which Hollandersky had staged and promoted. The day of boxing featured boxers Joe Azevedo, an exceptional lightweight, Young Terry, and Charley Curley. Though Hollandersky continued to find matches, and even returned to Panama for several lucrative bouts in 1916, he may have sensed his days as a competitive prize fighter fighting top talent were numbered. Promoting Battling Levinsky On March 9, 1916, Hollandersky promoted a fight between Hall of Fame Philadelphian Jewish boxer Battling Levinsky, and Sailor Jack Carroll sponsored by the Greenwood Athletic Club, fought in Lawrence Hall in New London. Levinsky, who won the ten round bout, would take the World Light Heavyweight Championship only seven months later, and hold it for four years. Like Abe, the far more accomplished Levinsky, born Beryl Lebrowitz, was a prolific New York based Jewish boxer, who may have fought as many as five hundred bouts. During his career, Levinsky fought many of boxing's greatest including Jack Dempsey, Gene Tunney, Billy Miske, and French boxer George Carpentier. Exhibitions with Abe Attell, 1916 Later in New London in May 1916, Abe faced off against his best known exhibition opponent, Abe Attell, the brilliant but flawed former World Featherweight Champion, suspected of betting on several of his own fights and later accused of helping to fix the 1919 White Sox vs. Reds World Series with gangster Arnold Rothstein. Known as the Black Sox Scandal, the event brought to the forefront the corruption of American sports as it approached the roaring 20s. Abe met Attell in four three round exhibition matches at Empire Theatre while Attell was giving speaking performances in New London near the end of his boxing career. Abe claimed to have fought what was likely a sparring match with Canadian Heavyweight champion Arthur Pelkey, who was a Panamanian national heavyweight title contender in February 1917 at Panama's Santa Anna Plaza against Kid Norfolk, during the same period Abe was fighting bouts at the Plaza with Panama Joe Gans and Willie Barnes. Panamanian Welter championship In his last prize fight in Panama City in June 1917, Hollandersky lost to Pat Kiley in an unsuccessful 15 round attempt at the Panamanian Welterweight Title. It would be his last recognized championship bout. Leaving Panama in July, he would stop in New York to help accompany his father Charles, who was ill, to New London. Perhaps as a result of his loss to Kiley in his last championship bout, and his previous brutal loss to Dave Palitz in September 1915, Abe prematurely announced his retirement from boxing to his local paper on Christmas Eve 1917. He continued with exhibition matches, including those on ship and on bases to assist with the training of sailors, but subsequently faced very few opponents in actual prize fights. Returning to New London in August 1917 from Panama City after his loss to Kiley, Abe was not permitted to join the Navy for WWI due to his eyesight, but was fortunate enough to find a position as a Naval boxing instructor at a base near the New London Pier. Fighting training matches for the instruction of naval troops often daily, his personal tally of fights continued to climb rapidly. Exhibition with champion Joe Walcott Facing another well known opponent in an exhibition match on November 16, 1918, Hollandersky met the former light and welterweight world champion Joe Walcott in New London for a four-round match to benefit the United War Workers of America. The bout showcased intense boxing strategy, though Walcott was well past his prime. Appearing as the headliner for the benefit was Larry Williams, a light heavyweight of considerable skill, who would act as a sparring partner for Jack Dempsey in 1921 and later for Dempsey's successor as world heavyweight champion, Gene Tunney. Williams would appear with Abe in MGM's The Crowd Roars (1938). A photograph of Hollandersky with Williams and Gene Tunney, likely taken at a boxing benefit or training match, appear in most editions of Abe's book. Third cruise 1919-22, to California Abe took his second cruise between 1920–22. Though he definitely traveled from New London to the Naval base in San Pedro and returned to New London via a land route, little is known at this time of any additional Naval travels, as even in peacetime he was reluctant to record the movement of Navy ships in his biography. In San Pedro, he spent time delivering papers, giving boxing training, and performing odd jobs aboard the USS Camden (AS-6), a four hundred foot armed, slow-moving submarine tender with a crew of around 300, confiscated from the German Navy in WWI. She sailed from her home port at New London's submarine base to San Pedro, where she arrived on June 24, 1921. The San Francisco Examiner noted that Abe took a world cruise during this period, but recorded no ports of call, though England, France, and western Europe seem likely stops as his book notes he went there, and previous cruises omitted these destinations. Prior to his cruise, he wrote to and met briefly with Theodore Roosevelt Jr., then Assistant Secretary of the Navy, to gain rights of passage to the coast. In a letter of May 1921, the Secretary thanked Hollandersky for his visit and mentioned he was aware of Abe's plans to visit the West Coast. Hollandersky boxed sailor Billy Capelle in San Pedro, California, in February 1922. Capelle, better known as Willie Cappelli or Cappelle, was an accomplished welterweight from San Pedro at the end of his boxing career. Lieutenant John "Jack" F. Kennedy, a gunnery officer on the USS Mississippi, was a good friend who acted as a referee for several of Abe's shipboard bouts and may have refereed his bout with Capelle. Both Abe and Kennedy had worked extensively with Navy boxing teams. Kennedy, whose photograph appeared with Abe in most of his books, testified for the defense at Jack Dempsey's 1920 draft evasion trial in California and was considered as the referee for the World Heavyweight Championship between Jack Dempsey, and Jess Willard in Toledo, Ohio. After arriving in San Pedro from New London, Abe went to San Francisco in July 1922, stopped to look for wrestling bouts, and then headed overland to El Paso, Texas, to meet friends on August 18, before returning to Connecticut. At the intermission of a fight fought by his frequent opponent Dave Palitz in Mystic, Connecticut, on August 30, 1922, Abe announced to the audience he had just returned from a world cruise. "Good Will" cruise, to Hawaii, 1925 As was often his habit before long cruises, Hollandersky first visited the White House. Before his cruise to Hawaii, he met President Calvin Coolidge and the White House staff in late October 1924. While there, Coolidge likely discussed ship movements and Abe's rights to sell papers to the Trans-Pacific fleet that would begin their voyage the following summer. Hoover also provided an autographed photo which appeared in all of Abe's books. In January 1925, he sailed from New England to Cuba to sell papers to the fleet and visit the Roosevelt Memorial in Santiago. He received a reference letter that February to assist him in his journey from Commander H. G. Gearing of the , near Guantanamo, and then made his way to the West Coast overland by that spring making a stop in El Paso on his way to California. Much of his travel to San Francisco that Spring was by train. It was his plan that summer of 1925 to sell hundreds of papers to many of the 57 vessels of the combined Atlantic and Pacific fleets departing from ports in San Francisco, and San Pedro and heading for Hawaii, and Australia as part of a Trans-Pacific "Good Will" cruise. He departed San Francisco for Hawaii on April 15, 1925 aboard the commercial vessel Matsonia ahead of nearly all the fleet, but did not accompany the ships of the cruise to Australia as he had been there around 1908. The cruise was the largest assembly of American Naval vessels bound for a world tour since the cruise of the Great White Fleet seventeen years earlier. Abe received permission to sell papers to the ships of the 1925 Trans-Pacific Cruise from Admiral Robert Coontz, Commander of the cruise's flagship USS Washington. Hollandersky arrived in Honolulu, Hawaii, on April 21, 1925, six days after departing. That summer, he fought his last professional fight in Honolulu attended by territorial Governor Wallace Farrington and cruise commander Admiral Robert Coontz. The bout was most likely fought on June 5, 1925 at the Pearl Harbor Arena, as part of a series of matches attended by five thousand sailors and marines, many of whom were part of the Good Will Cruise. The primary boxing participants were a team from the Cruise's Scouting Fleet who boxed against a team from the Cruise's Battleship fleet. Farrington had worked as Editor for the Honolulu Star-Bulletin prior to becoming governor, and Abe was given several stories in the large local paper. He left Honolulu on July 29, 1925, after a working vacation of three months, and returned to San Francisco via commercial liner in mid-August, attending the Diamond Jubilee, the 50th anniversary of California statehood. While in San Francisco, he met with Mayor James Rolph who assured him he could continue his work as a movie extra in Los Angeles should he move to the West Coast. Abe had had at least one brief movie role while living in New England. Rolph had appeared in a few movies himself. Heading north, he helped the Navy with the aftermath of the June 29, 1925 Santa Barbara earthquake. While in the Los Angeles area in late 1925, he posed for a photograph with heavyweight world champion Jack Dempsey and flyweight champion Fidel LaBarba who had several bouts scheduled there late that year. Wearing gloves and boxing shoes in the photo, Dempsey was likely on a break from a sparring session. Dempsey would meet and get to know Abe on several occasions, particularly after the publication of Abe's book. Besides appearing in Abe's books, several newspapers ran the photo under the caption, "Famous Boxing Champions Meet Again," though Hollandersky's celebrity could hardly compare to Dempsey's. Besides his Central and South American travels between 1912–1917, his cruises with the Navy took him to locations as afar as Japan, China, Cairo, Melbourne, Brussels, Paris, Rome and London. Hollandersky's tally of fights Nat Fleischer's Ring Record Book for 1944 listed around 450 of Hollandersky's bouts, but these were drawn from a nearly identical listing in the back of Hollandersky's autobiography and are mostly unverified. They appear to contain frequent errors in the years the bouts took place and the number of rounds when compared with his BoxRec record. The majority of his fights were exhibitions staged for entertainment and training on Navy ships and bases, and included non-navy exhibitions and a few sparring matches. Dispute will probably continue as to the exact number of boxing matches Hollandersky fought, as his BoxRec record lists only around 100. However, these by definition exclude all his Naval and land based exhibitions, as well as sparring and training matches which he often included in his personal tally. Benefits and exhibitions A small sampling of around twenty of the matches he boxed for benefits and exhibitions include: George Dixon Memorial Fund at Bower's Minery Theatre, New York, January 23, 1908 Austin Rice, former World Championship Featherweight contender, exhibition for "Nest of Owls order 1382", New London CT. January 17, 1911 Young Sherman of Mystic, CT., exhibition at Elks Lodge, New London, May 24, 1911 Paddy Fenton, aging former welterweight contender, New London County Fair, six rounds, circa September 1911 Dave Palitz, 6 round exhibition, for Bartender's Local 356, Richards Grove, Groton, Connecticut, August 25, 1912 Terry Mitchell, Sparring Rounds, Abe said he had boxed Mitchell in a letter to the Hartford Courant dated December 3, 1912, fight may have taken place circa November 8, or December 9, 1912, when Mitchell was in New London to fight Dave Palitz. Abe had a fight with Phil Harrison in Lawrence Hall in New London on the same night Mitchell fought Dave Palitz on December 9, 1912. USS Denver exhibition, off Panama City, boxed sailors Mussbel, Medino, Koch, and Jiran, April 5, 1914 Bill Scott, 4 round exhibition at the Variedades Theatre in Panama City, May 10, 1914. Abe Attell, legendary ex-Featherweight Champ, four 3 round exhibitions, Empire Theatre, New London, May 2–3, 1916 WWI War Veterans Benefit, 3 rounds with future Connecticut State Welterweight Championship contender Dave Palitz, Chicopee, MA, December 19, 1917 Frank Ryan, 4 rounds with the Navy Welterweight, in New London, May 16, 1918, State Pier Joe Walcott, former world welterweight champion, 4 rounds to benefit the United War Workers Campaign, New London, CT., November 1918 Sailor Billy Capelle of San Pedro, Lost 4–6 round professional bout, February 23, 1922, at Peck's Pavilion, Point Fermin Park, San Pedro, California Jimmy Woodruff, a naval chief petty officer, fought a benefit for the Navy Relief Society at the Royal Palms in San Pedro, on September 3, 1933 Navy Flood Relief, fought sailor Mike Hector, who had boxed aboard the USS Tennessee, Long Beach Municipal Auditorium, February 3, 1937 "Night of Memories" benefit for boxing promoter Wad Wadhams, Hollywood Legion Stadium, October 9, 1937, featuring boxers Henry Armstrong, Jack Silver, Jimmy McLarnin, Jackie Fields, and more. Autobiography, 1930 During one of Abe's few White House visits on November 8, 1929, just a few weeks after the great stock market crash, Hollandersky met briefly with President Herbert Hoover who signed a photograph for Abe's autobiography. Hollandersky may have received rights of passage for travel from the Presidential staff, campaigned for other signed photographs, and asked for book endorsements from Navy brass who advised the President. He soon would return to his home and newspaper shop in Los Angeles. Abe had traveled to the East Coast and New York to complete his biography, as it was first published only four months after his White House visit. Former New York columnist, and inconoclastic author C. L. Edson gave serious assistance to writing Abe's autobiography. Both Abe and Edson were acquaintances of Jewish journalist Walter Winchell. Abe's book had had previous ghostwriters attempt to assist with the publication with less success. While in New York in 1929, Hollandersky dictated the great majority of the book to Edson, and large portions of the text appear to be copied verbatim from Hollandersky's dictation. Hollandersky used newspaper articles from his vast collection of clippings as research, and may have written small portions of the text, including his boxing record, himself. According to historian Abraham Hoffman, up to 20,000 copies of his autobiography may have been printed. These included nearly annual new editions which continued until 1960. The second edition in 1936, added the last three chapters of the book 23–25, the only notable changes to the original text of the 1930 edition. All editions subsequent to 1936 included only new photographs, largely of Navy ships and Naval acquaintances. The book's content is reliable in most respects, but occasionally Hollandersky's sequencing of events is off. Interview with Damon Runyon, March 1930 On March 24, 1930, playwright, journalist, and one of America's greatest sportswriter's on boxing, Damon Runyon, interviewed Hollandersky about his newly published book for his New York American Sports column "Between You and Me." During his interview, Runyan discussed Abe's independently financed book, and noted his frugality in completing and publishing it prior to marrying. Hollandersky decided to fund the publishing of his autobiography himself, though he had been offered a thousand dollars in 1925 to finance it by his friend Bull Montana. Montana, a former wrestler and Hollywood actor, was a close friend of boxer Jack Dempsey and movie actor and Jewish director Douglas Fairbanks Jr., both of whom Abe claimed to have made movies with. Montana not only appeared in movies with Dempsey but wrestled him in front of the press on several occasions, most notably at a well attended work out in Atlantic City, New Jersey, in June 1921. Hollandersky often took orders for his autobiography before new editions, particularly the first two, from Navy personnel of the Pacific fleet in San Pedro harbor, and for later editions in San Diego after he moved there around 1946. Three of the many ships from whose crew he took book orders were the , , and . The Arizona and Oklahoma both had noteworthy boxing and wrestling instruction during the years Abe boarded them, and sadly both were badly damaged at Pearl Harbor, with the Arizona becoming a permanent monument after it sunk. Abe may have helped with boxing instruction and taken orders for books on the USS Tennessee and USS Nevada, as he had signed photos of several boxers from both ships in his book, and the USS New Mexico, as he posed for a photo with one of their athletic teams. Two other large battleships that Abe boarded with a Liberty Pass and known for their boxing were the USS Texas, and the USS California which was also damaged at Pearl Harbor. He continued to personally sell his book directly to the public during his retirement. Marriage in 1931 Hollandersky married Freda Weinberg on June 7, 1931, in Los Angeles, where he had moved permanently in 1928 from New London. He announced his engagement to Freda in a reception on Bellevue Road in Los Angeles on June 2, 1928 at a large party with over 100 friends in attendance. According to her naturalization papers, Freda, also of Jewish origin, was born in Glasgow, Scotland and had emigrated to the United States from Halifax, Nova Scotia. Not long after they first met, Abe took a cruise to Hawaii in April 1925. Abe began to consider marriage with Freda after meeting her at the small shop she was working at in Los Angeles. They courted for three years before marrying. Abe claimed several thousand attended his wedding reception at the Jewish Sheltering Home in Los Angeles, including a number of high-ranking naval officers, most notably Admiral Wat Tyler Cluverius, Jr., base commander of the Pacific Fleet. At the time, Cluverius was acting as Chief of Staff for Rear Admiral Jehu V. Chase, the Commander in Chief United States Fleet, who also attended the wedding. Pictures of both men at Hollandersky's wedding reception are featured in his autobiography. Cluverius, as a young Lieutenant, was one of the few survivors of the sinking of the Maine, the incident which led to the Spanish–American War. On February 3, 1937, Abe attended a Navy benefit for flood relief organized under the command of Cluverius, at the Long Beach Municipal Auditorium, where he sparred with navy fighter Mike Hector in a brief exhibition. Hector, who had boxed on the USS Tennessee, had been a 1930 Navy boxing champion and an acquaintance of Abe since at least March 1936. Hollandersky stayed in touch with Cluverius after his retirement from the Navy and visited him in Worcester, Massachusetts, in September 1947 while he was working as President of Worcester Polytechnic Institute. Uncredited movie career after 1926 Hollandersky worked as an uncredited movie extra after his move to Los Angeles around 1926. He was often cast as a gangster or boxer. During this period he continued to sell newspapers to the fleet in Long Beach, San Pedro, and on occasion San Diego. He, and his wife Freda operated a small shop and news stand in Long Beach on 715 West Seaside Boulevard not far from the San Pedro Navy pier, where he sold newspapers and items of interest to Navy men including photographs of ships. Movies in which he appeared include Warner Brother's 1926 lost silent film set during the Spanish–American War, Across the Pacific which featured Monte Blue and Myrna Loy. After his move to L.A., Hollandersky appeared in Fox Film's, 1928 silent film Dressed to Kill with Edumund Lowe and Mary Astor, 20th Century Picture's 1933 The Bowery, and MGM's 1938 The Crowd Roars, among others. Released on February 23, 1930, Hollandersky may have shot his few scenes for Paramount's Roadhouse Nights, when he was back in the New York area to complete his book in late 1929, as the gangster film did most of their shooting in Paramount's Astoria Studios in Brooklyn. Hollandersky is shown at right with lead actor Monte Blue on the set of the 1926 version of the silent film Across the Pacific. Hollandersky appeared onscreen in the gangster film about a bootleg operation, Roadhouse Nights with Fred Kohler. Actress Helen Morgan starred and Jimmy Durante made his musical debut in the scarcely remembered film. Hollandersky's right cauliflower ear is visible when the photo is enlarged. In The Bowery, Hollandersky was cast with ex-Middleweight Champion Al McCoy as well as boxers "Fireman" Jim Flynn, the only man to knockout Jack Dempsey, heavyweight Frank Moran, and fellow Jewish New York boxers Phil Bloom, and Joe Glick. Hungarian born Texan Jack A. Herrick, another ex-boxer turned actor that appeared in the film, had fought in Panama City eighteen years earlier with Abe, and had faced two of the same opponents while there, the great light heavyweight Kid Norfolk, and "Steamboat" Bill Scott. In MGM's 1938 The Crowd Roars, Hollandersky was given a rare brief close up after appearing in a background gymnasium scene with fellow Jewish boxers Larry Williams, Maxie Rosenbloom, Abie Bain, Phil Bloom and Joe Glick, as well as the better known Jimmy McLarnin, one of the greatest boxers of the 1930s and a world champion in three weight classes. The film was a commercial success, and starred popular actor Robert Taylor as a boxer caught up in the seamier side of boxing, who while romancing his boss's more refined daughter, comes under the influence of a crime boss. Hollandersky also claimed to have been cast in movies with world champion heavyweight boxers Max Baer and Jack Dempsey who he knew through his friends, wrestler and movie actor Bull Montana, and boxer Larry Williams. He also claimed to have acted with the great actor and movie director Douglas Fairbanks, another close friend of Montana's. Retirement after WWII After WWII, Hollandersky retired to San Diego, where he continued to sell papers. He made appearances, and though sixty years old, still gave occasional boxing exhibitions at the Naval Training Center where he worked with Captains Ralph C. Lynch Jr., and H. C. Gearing. Abe's last place of residence in San Diego was 6056 Meade Avenue. In later life, Hollandersky continued to meet navy officers and personnel both through his sale of newspapers at bases and at naval conventions and reunions. He was made an honorary member of the American Battleship Association which he last attended in Long Beach in 1965. He died in San Diego on November 1, 1966, with his funeral service conducted by Rabbi Monroe Levens of Congregation Tiferet Israel. He was buried in San Diego's Greenwood Memorial Park, as was his wife Freda in 1988. He left no children. At his request, his tombstone was headed with his ring name, Abe the Newsboy, the name used almost exclusively by the newspapers that covered his boxing and wrestling career. Legacy Memories of Hollandersky would linger in the mind of some of boxing's greatest. In March 1911, in an interview with the Hartford Courant, Abe claimed to have once sold a paper to Jack Johnson, America's first Black world heavyweight champion. Bob Johnston, of Johnston's Sport's Palace in San Diego, where both Hollandersky and Jack Johnson would live and visit, claimed to have once hired a down and out Johnson in 1929 to shadowbox at his adjacent Liberty Theatre. According to Johnson, the amiable champion often told patrons as he entertained them with shadow boxing that his opponent was Abe the Newsboy. Thousands of Hollandersky's autobiography remain in print, and grace the shelves of public libraries, nautical museums, and a few U.S. Naval ship's libraries. References Further reading Blady, Ken, The Jewish Boxers' Hall of Fame, (1988). Shapolsky Publishers, Inc, New York, , pp. 71–76. Hollandersky, Abe, The Life Story of Abe the Newsboy, Hero of a Thousand Fights with U. S. Navy, (1958). Published by Abraham Hollandersky, Los Angeles. Hoffman, Abe (Fall, 2007). "Going a Few Rounds with Abe the Newsboy", Western States Jewish History, Volume 36, pgs 3–33. External links Professional boxing record for Jack Ortega from Boxrec www.findagrave.com www.jewishgen.org/SuwalkLomza Abraham Hollandersky Photograph Collection, 1904–1966 MS 467 held by Special Collections & Archives, Nimitz Library at the United States Naval Academy Category:1887 births Category:1966 deaths Category:People from Sejny County Category:Sportspeople from Podlaskie Voivodeship Category:Polish Jews Category:Imperial Russian Jews Category:Jewish boxers Category:Boxers from New York (state) Category:American people of Polish-Jewish descent Category:Congress Poland emigrants to the United States Category:Jewish American sportspeople Category:Welterweight boxers Category:American male boxers Category:Sportspeople from New London, Connecticut Category:Boxers from Connecticut

Africa Almohad Caliphate – Abu Yaqub Yusuf (1163–1184) Asia China (Jin/Jurchen dynasty) - Emperor Shizong (1161–1189) China (Southern Song dynasty) - Emperor Xiaozong (1162–1189) Japan (Heian period) Monarch – Emperor Rokujō (1165–1168) Regent (Sesshō) - Fujiwara no Motofusa, Sesshō (1166–1173); Kampaku (1173–1179) de facto - Taira no Kiyomori (1159–1181) Kara-Khitan Khanate (Western Liao) - Empress Chengtianhou (1164–1178) Korea (Goryeo Kingdom) – Euijong(1146–1170) Western Xia – Emperor Renzong (1139–1193) Sultanate of Rûm – Kilij Arslan II (1156–1192) Europe Kingdom of Aragon – Alfonso II (1162–1196) Kingdom of Castile – Alfonso VIII (1158–1214) Kingdom of England – Henry II (1154–1189) Kingdom of France – Louis VII (1137–1180) Holy Roman Empire – Frederick I Barbarossa (1155–1190) County of Holland – Floris III (1157–1190) Kingdom of Hungary – Stephen III (1163–1172) Kingdom of Portugal – Afonso I (1139–1185) Kingdom of Scotland – William the Lion (1165–1214) Kingdom of Sicily – William II (1166–1189) Wales (List of rulers of Wales) Kingdom of Gwynedd – Owain Gwynedd, Prince of Gwynedd (1137–1170) Deheubarth - Rhys ap Gruffydd, Prince of Deheubarth (1155–1197)

Sulayman Keeler (born Simon Keeler) is a Muslim convert and leader of Ahlus Sunnah wal Jamaah, a British Islamist organisation. He is a former member of Al-Muhajiroun, a banned organisation designated as a terrorist organisation, and led the Society of Converts to Islam. HSToday report that this is the "first time a white convert has been incarcerated for Islamist terror charges in the UK."' Background He has described the September 11, 2001 attacks as "magnificent" and called Queen Elizabeth II an "enemy of Islam and Muslims." A court sentenced Keeler to twenty-eight days imprisonment after he assaulted a police officer during a demonstration in London in December 1998. Years later, he was again arrested after he assaulted British National Party (BNP) members at a rally. Keeler held a press conference in London on 18 November 2005, formally 'launching' Ahlus Sunnah wal Jamaah. In an interview with BBC News, Keeler expressed his opposition to democracy, and compared British Prime Minister Tony Blair to Al-Qaeda leader Osama bin Laden, saying, "I don't believe in democracy. It's man made. You're talking about a government that taxes the people to death. It oppresses many millions of people in the world. It wouldn't be such a shame to have them overturned... Tony Blair sends a bunch of aircraft into Iraq, bombs a bunch of people... Osama Bin Laden, who sends a bunch of aeroplanes into America and bombs a bunch of people - what is the difference? You tell me." On Thursday 17 April 2008, Keeler was one of 6 individuals found guilty of terror related offences, specifically terrorist fundraising. The others found guilty at Kingston Crown Court were Abu Izzadeen, Omar Zaheer, 28, of Southall, west London, Abdul Saleem, 32, of Poplar, east London, and Jalal Hussain. Two others, Ibrahim Abdullah Hussan, 25, from Leyton, east London, and Rajib Kahn, 29, from Luton in Bedfordshire, were released after the jury were unable to decide a verdict. Six guilty of terrorism support - BBC See also Andrew Ibrahim Abdul-Aziz ibn Myatt Abu Izzadeen Anjem Choudary Abu Uzair Hassan Butt Khalid Kelly Abu Hamza al-Masri Omar Bakri Muhammad References External links UPDATED: Crawley terrorist caged Category:Living people Category:Islamic terrorism in the United Kingdom Category:Converts to Islam Category:English Islamists Category:English Sunni Muslims Category:Year of birth missing (living people) Category:People imprisoned on charges of terrorism

Swabi District (, ) is a district in Mardan Division of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province in Pakistan. It lies between the Indus and Kabul Rivers. Before becoming a district in 1988, it was a tehsil within Mardan District. % of the population have Pashto as their first language. Demographics The population of Swabi district, according to the 2017 census, is 1,624,616. The population of the district over the years is shown in the table below. Education Swabi District is now home to many excellent educational institutes. But there was no public sector university till 2012. The only degree awarding institution then was private sector Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology, which was inaugurated in 1993. In 2012, Government of Khyber Pakhtunkhawa established first public sector university in Swabi, when it upgraded Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan Swabi campus into full-flege University of Swabi while Women University Swabi was established in 2016. Swabi district also has a public sector medical college Gajju Khan Medical College Swabi, which was established in 2014. The district also has 2 public sector Postgraduate degree colleges: Government Postgraduate College Swabi and Govt Girls Post Graduate College Maneri Swabi. Administration Swabi District is currently subdivided into 4 Tehsils. Swabi Tehsil Topi Tehsil Lahor Tehsil Razzar Tehsil Newspaper in Swabi Currently there are couple of newspaper publishing in Swabi under the supervision of Swabi Group of Newspapers. Swabi Times, a weekly publishing newspaper in Urdu. Swabi News, a daily publishing newspaper in Urdu. Notable people Najib ad-Dawlah - A main combatant of Third Battle of Panipat Maulana Fazal Ali Haqqani - Minister of Education and member of the NWFP Assembly (then) now Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Assembly from 2002 to 2007 Nigar Johar - Major General, Pakistan Army Gaju Khan - A historical pashtun rebel chief and general Junaid Khan - Cricketer Karnal Sher Khan - Military officer Khan Roshan Khan - Historian Muhammad Arshad Khan - Artist Shahram Khan - Politician Asad Qaiser - Speaker of KP Assembly Sahibzada Abdul Qayyum - First Chief Minister of the North-West Frontier Province (in 1937) and founder of Islamia College University Yasir Shah - Cricketer Bushra Gohar - Politician and Pashtun human rights activist Gulalai Ismail - Pashtun human rights activist References Bibliography Category:Districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

The Clock Tower Museum is a museum occupies the top four floors of the clock tower in Makkah. The museum that is located in the highest point in Makkah is operated by the Misk Foundation, a non-profit organization established by Crown Prince Muhammad Bin Salman. Departments The museum was first opened to visitors in May 2019. It has four floors where each floor represents a unique topic. The first floor shows the Makkah tower, its design and production stages. The second floor exhibits time measurements used in ancient days. The third floor explains how the sun, the moon, and the earth were used in the past to organize life and activities. The fourth floor depicts details of space and planets. There is also a balcony with a panoramic view of the Grand Mosque. See also List of museums in Saudi Arabia References Category:Museums in Saudi Arabia Category:Tourist attractions in Mecca

"Love of a Lifetime" is a song recorded by American country music group Larry Gatlin and the Gatlin Brothers. Written by Larry Gatlin, it was released in February 1988 as the lead single from their album Alive & Well...Livin' in the Land of Dreams. The song peaked at number four on the Billboard Hot Country Singles chart. It was their last top ten single. Chart performance References External links Category:1988 singles Category:1988 songs Category:Larry Gatlin songs Category:Columbia Records singles Category:Songs written by Larry Gatlin

The 2012 Anchorage mayoral election was held on April 20, 2012 to elect the mayor of Anchorage, Alaska. It saw reelection of incumbent mayor Dan Sullivan. Since Sullivan obtained a 45% plurality in the initial round, no runoff was necessitated. Results References See also Category:2012 United States mayoral elections Category:2012 Alaska elections 2012

This bibliography of George W. Bush is a list of published works, both books and films, about George W. Bush, 43rd President of the United States. By Bush George W. Bush, A Charge to Keep (1999), George W. Bush, We will prevail: President George W. Bush on war, terrorism, and freedom (2003), George W. Bush, George W. Bush on God and on Country: The President Speaks Out About Faith, Principle, and Patriotism (2004), George W. Bush, Decision Points (2010), George W. Bush, 41: A Portrait of My Father (2014), About Bush David Aikman, A Man of Faith : The Spiritual Journey of George W. Bush (2004), Eric Alterman and Mark J. Green, The Book on Bush: How George W. (Mis)leads America (2004), Ken Auletta (January 19, 2004). Fortress Bush: How the White House Keeps the Press Under Control, The New Yorker, LXXIX, 53 Bruce Bartlett, Imposter: How George W. Bush Bankrupted America and Betrayed the Reagan Legacy (2006), W. (2008), a biographical film about George W. Bush. It was produced and directed by Oliver Stone. Paul Begala, Is Our Children Learning?: The Case Against George W. Bush (2000), Paul Begala, It's Still the Economy, Stupid: George W. Bush, The GOP's CEO (2002), John Bonifaz, Warrior King: The Case for Impeaching George Bush (2003), James Bovard, The Bush Betrayal (2004), Russell S. Bowen, The Immaculate Deception: The Bush Crime Family Exposed (1991), Robert Bryce, Cronies: Oil, The Bushes, and the Rise of Texas, America's Superstate (2004), Vincent Bugliosi, The Prosecution of George W. Bush for Murder (2008), Robert C. Byrd, Losing America: Confronting a Reckless and Arrogant Presidency (2004), Richard Clarke, Against All Enemies: Inside America's War on Terror (2004), David Corn, The Lies of George W. Bush: Mastering the Politics of Deception (2003), John W. Dean, Worse Than Watergate: The Secret Presidency of George W. Bush (2004), Robert S. Devine, Bush Versus the Environment (2004), Maureen Dowd, Bushworld: Enter at Your Own Risk (2004), Robert Draper, Dead Certain: The Presidency of George W. Bush (2007), Dr. Justin A. Frank, Bush on the Couch: Inside the Mind of the President (2004), Regan Books. Al Franken, Lies and the Lying Liars Who Tell Them: A Fair and Balanced Look at the Right (2003), Jacob Weisberg, Still More George W. Bushisms: Neither in French nor in English nor in Mexican (2003), Ben Fritz, Bryan Keefer & Brendan Nyhan, All the President's Spin: George W. Bush, the Media, and the Truth (2004), David Frum, The Right Man : An Inside Account of the Bush White House (2003), James Hatfield, Fortunate Son: George W. Bush and the Making of an American President (1999), Jack Huberman, The Bush-Haters Handbook: A Guide to the Most Appalling Presidency of the Past 100 Years (2003), Molly Ivins, Bushwhacked : Life in George W. Bush's America (2003), Molly Ivins and Lou Dubose, Shrub: The Short but Happy Political Life of George W. Bush (2000), Patrick S. Johnston, Mission Accomplished (2006), William Karel, The World According to Bush (2004) documentary Robert F. Kennedy Jr., Crimes Against Nature: How George W. Bush and His Corporate Pals Are Plundering the Country and Hijacking Our Democracy (2004), Ronald Kessler, A Matter Of Character: Inside The White House Of George W. Bush (2004), Brad Koplowitz, Our Brave New World (2010), Stephen Mansfield, The Faith of George W. Bush (2003), Anthony Marchionda, Jr., George W. Bush UNBOUND [Kindle Edition] (2012), ASIN B0072YTXC8 Mark Crispin Miller, The Bush Dyslexicon: Observations on a National Disorder (2002), Mark Crispin Miller, Cruel and Unusual: Bush/Cheney's New World Order (2004), Richard Miniter, Shadow War: The Untold Story of How Bush Is Winning the War on Terror (2004), Bill Minutaglio, First Son: George W. Bush and the Bush Family Dynasty (1999), -- this work is the first major biography of Bush Mcclellan Scott, What Happened: Inside the Bush White House and Washington's Culture of Deception (2009), Elizabeth Mitchell, W: Revenge of the Bush Dynasty (2000), Michael Moore, Dude, Where's My Country? (2004), Michael Moore, Stupid White Men (2004), Michael Moore, Fahrenheit 9/11 (2004) motion picture Jack Nargundkar, The Bush Diaries: A Citizen's Review of the First Term (2005), Peggy Noonan, We Will Prevail: President George W. Bush on War, Terrorism and Freedom (2004), Kevin Phillips, American Dynasty: Aristocracy, Fortune, and the Politics of Deceit in the House of Bush (2004), John Podhoretz, Bush Country: How Dubya Became a Great President While Driving Liberals Insane (2004), Carl Pope, Strategic Ignorance : Why the Bush Administration Is Recklessly Destroying a Century of Environmental Progress (2004), Gabriel Range, Death of a President (2006) motion picture Webster Griffin Tarpley and Anton Chaitkin, George Bush: The Unauthorized Biography () Michael Scheuer (orig. pub. under "Anonymous"), Imperial Hubris: Why the West is Losing the War on Terror (2004), Bill Sammon, Fighting Back: The War on Terrorism from Inside the Bush White House (2002), Bill Sammon, Misunderestimated: The President Battles Terrorism, John Kerry, and the Bush Haters (2004), Glenn W Smith, Unfit Commander: Texans for Truth Take on George W. Bush (2004), Ron Suskind, The Way of the World (2008). Jackson Thoreau, Born to Cheat: How Bush, Cheney, Rove & Co. Broke the Rules - From the Sandlot to the White House (2007) Craig Unger, House of Bush, House of Saud: The Secret Relationship Between the World's Two Most Powerful Dynasties (2004), Paul Waldman, Fraud: The Strategy Behind the Bush Lies and Why the Media Didn't Tell You (2004), Ian Williams, Deserter: George Bush's War on Military Families, Veterans, and His Past (2004), Clint Willis, The I Hate George W. Bush Reader: Why Dubya Is Wrong About Absolutely Everything (2004), Bob Woodward, State of Denial (2006) Bob Woodward, Bush At War (2002), Bob Woodward, Plan of Attack (2004), John Jiambalvo, Smirk: A Novel (2011) Ivo H. Daalder and James M. Lindsay, America Unbound: The Bush Revolution in Foreign Policy (2003), Dennis Loy Johnson and Valerie Merians (eds), What We Do Now (2004), Kitty Kelley, The Family: The Real Story of the Bush Dynasty (2004), Michael Lind, Made In Texas: George W. Bush and the Southern Takeover of American Politics (2002), Alexander Moens, The Foreign Policy of George W. Bush: Values, Strategy And Loyalty (2004), James C. Moore and Wayne Slater, Bush's Brain: How Karl Rove Made George W. Bush Presidential (2003), Colonel B. Wayne Quist and Dr. David F. Drake, Winning the War on Terror: A Triumph of American Values (2005), Peter Singer, The President of Good and Evil: The Ethics of George W. Bush (2004), Gene Stone, The Bush Survival Bible: 250 Ways to Make it Through the Next Four Years Without Misunderestimating the Dangers Ahead, and Other Subliminable (2004), Jacob Weisberg, George W. Bushisms: The Slate Book of The Accidental Wit and Wisdom of our 43rd President (2001), Jacob Weisberg, More George W. Bushisms: More of Slate's Accidental Wit and Wisdom of Our 43rd President (2002), Jacob Weisberg, The Deluxe Election Edition Bushisms: The First Term, in His Own Special Words (2004), Jacob Weisberg, The Bush Tragedy (2008), Jean Edward Smith, Bush (2016), Books about the 2000 and 2004 elections Vincent Bugliosi, The Betrayal of America: How the Supreme Court Undermined the Constitution and Chose Our President (2001), Alan M. Dershowitz, Supreme Injustice: How the High Court Hijacked Election 2000 (2001), Bob Fitrakis, Did George W. Bush Steal America's 2004 Election? (2005), Steve Freeman and Joel Bleifuss, Was the 2004 Presidential Election Stolen?: Exit Polls, Election Fraud, and the Official Count (2005), H. Gillman, The Votes That Counted: How the Court Decided the 2000 Presidential Election (2001), Anita Miller, What Went Wrong In Ohio: The Conyers Report On The 2004 Presidential Election (2005), Mark Crispin Miller, Fooled Again (2005), Ellen Nakashima, The Washington Post, et al., Deadlock: The Inside Story of America's Closest Election (2001), The New York Times, 36 Days: The Complete Chronicle of the 2000 Presidential Election Crisis (2001), David North, The Crisis of American Democracy: The Presidential Elections of 2000 and 2004 (2004), Richard A. Posner, Breaking the Deadlock: The 2000 Election, the Constitution, and the Courts (2001), Jack N. Rakove (ed.), The Unfinished Election of 2000 (2002), Larry J. Sabato, Overtime! The Election 2000 Thriller (2001), Jake Tapper, Down and Dirty: The Plot to Steal the Presidency (2001), Jeffrey Toobin, Too Close to Call: The Thirty-Six-Day Battle to Decide the 2000 Election'' (2002), Bush, George W Bush, George W. Category:Political bibliographies Category:Bibliographies of people Category:Cultural depictions of George W. Bush

The Norwegian Union of Paper Industry Workers () was a trade union in Norway, organized under the national Norwegian Confederation of Trade Unions. It was founded in 1913. In 1988 it was merged with the Norwegian Union of Clothing Workers, the Norwegian Union of Iron and Metalworkers, the Norwegian Union of Building Industry Workers and the Norwegian Union of Forestry and Land Workers to form the United Federation of Trade Unions. It had about 13,000 members before the merger. References Category:Defunct trade unions of Norway Category:Norwegian Confederation of Trade Unions Category:Trade unions established in 1913 Category:Trade unions disestablished in 1988 Category:1913 establishments in Norway Category:Paper industry trade unions

Janssen-Fritsen Gymnastics b.v. is a manufacturer of professional gymnastics equipment and apparatus, based in the Netherlands. Janssen-Fritsen has supplied equipment to a number of world, European and continental championships, and four Olympic Games. In the mid-1990s the company pioneered the design of the vaulting table, a replacement for the pommel horse-like apparatus used since the 19th century in international competitions. The vaulting table, first introduced at the international level at the 2001 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships, has been used in Gymnastics at the 2004 and the 2008 Summer Olympics. The switch in apparatus has made the sport safer and enabled the introduction of more spectacular vaults, including Yurchenko-style vaults. References Category:Gymnastics equipment manufacturers Category:Manufacturing companies of the Netherlands Category:Privately held companies of the Netherlands

Fagus ferruginea may refer to one of the beech species: Fagus ferruginea Dryand., a synonym for Fagus grandifolia subsp. grandifolia (American beech) Fagus ferruginea var. caroliniana Loudon, also a synonym for Fagus grandifolia subsp. grandifolia Fagus ferruginea Siebold (Invalid), a synonym for Fagus crenata Blume (Japanese beech) References Fagus ferruginea The Plant List.

The Alexandra, commonly known as the Alex, is a theatre on Suffolk Queensway in Birmingham, England. Construction of the theatre commenced in 1900 and was completed in 1901. The architects were Owen & Ward and the theatre was opened on 27 May 1901 as the Lyceum Theatre on John Bright Street. Initially it attracted few theatre goers and it was decided to bring in a star. For ten weeks from the middle of June 1901 H. A. Saintsbury trod the boards as the theatre's leading man, playing in costume dramas. As a result of disappointingly low returns the new theatre was sold to Lester Collingwood for £4,000, who renamed it the Alexandra Theatre on 22 December 1902. Collingwood was killed in a road traffic accident in 1910 and was succeeded by Leon Salberg, who died in his office at the theatre in 1938. His ghost is said to inhabit the theatre. Other ghostly sightings include that by a cleaner of a woman dressed in grey in 1987. The theatre was rebuilt with a fine Art Deco auditorium in 1935 to a design by Roland Satchwell. Upon Leon Salberg's death, Derek Salberg took over the running of the theatre. The Salberg family ran the theatre from 1911 to 1977. Following World War II, the theatre became well patronised by the local population - in 1950 85% of season ticket holders lived within the boundaries of Birmingham. Although the main entrance was originally situated on John Bright Street, a new main entrance block was built on Suffolk Street between 1967-1969 to a design by the John Madin Design Group, with a wide bridge linking the two - from the inside, the appearance is that of a single building. Satchwell's interior was refurbished in 1992 by the Seymour Harris Partnership. The Alex was sold to Apollo Leisure in the 1990s. Derek Salberg's autobiography "Much Ado About Theatre" had its foreword written by Laurence Olivier. Under Leon Salberg, the Alex was famous for its pantomimes such as "Mother Goose". The theatre currently seats 1,371 and hosts a busy programme of touring drama, West End shows and stand-up comedy. It was the home of the D'Oyly Carte Opera Company between 1990 and 1997. Neville Chamberlain delivered a speech at the theatre on 13 October 1918. Dad's Army star Arthur Lowe collapsed because of a stroke in his dressing room in the theatre before a performance of Home at Seven, and later died in hospital on 15 April 1982 aged 66. Recent history On 7 August 1995, the then Alexandra Theatre was taken over by the multi-national organisation the Apollo Leisure Group. The new owners who ran many West End theatres brought many large scale West End productions to the Alex including Copacabana, Great Expectations, Grease and Summer Holiday starring Darren Day. A critically acclaimed production of West Side Story transferred to the West End for a successful run. Under the ownership of Apollo Leisure, the Alex saw major investment including improvements to the stage area and front of house areas, this then enabled the theatre to stage first-rate productions including two productions from Cameron Mackintosh, Oliver! starring Gary Wilmot, and Les Misérables - the first productions to try out the new facilities. In 1999 the Apollo Leisure Group was bought by American entertainment company SFX Entertainment for around £160 million. Under SFX management the theatre saw increased entertainment value, still welcoming West End productions such as Doctor Dolittle, and in Christmas 2000 saw the return of pantomime to the theatre, with a sell out season of Peter Pan starring Leslie Grantham and Joe Pasquale. In 2001, SFX merged with Clear Channel Entertainment, making them the largest UK theatre operator, including three West End theatres. Under the ownership of Clear Channel the theatre continued to provide and attract a range of entertainment, including musicals, comedy, plays, opera and concerts. Comedians including Stewart Lee, Seann Walsh, Jack Dee and Micky Flanagan have all performed at the theatre in recent years. In January 2006 the Alexandra Theatre changed management once again, to be managed by Live Nation, a company that specialised in concert promotion and large venue operations. It is now owned by the Ambassador Theatre Group, and after a minor refurbishment the group renamed the theatre the New Alexandra Theatre. Westlife lead vocalist Shane Filan played at the theatre as a solo artist in 2017. On 17 September 2018, the theatre was relaunched as The Alexandra following a £650,000 refurbishment and corporate re-brand to the venue which will be unveiled in October 2018 for the opening of the Motown The Musical UK tour. References External links Official website Category:Theatres in Birmingham, West Midlands Category:Theatres completed in 1901 Category:Art Deco architecture in England Category:Performance art venues

Football Club Lorient-Bretagne Sud is a French association football club based in Lorient, Brittany. During the 2016/17 campaign they competed in the following competitions: Ligue 1, Coupe de France, Coupe de la Ligue. Competitions Ligue 1 Results summary Results by matchday Matches Relegation Play Off Coupe de France Coupe de la Ligue External links Lorient 2016-17

Running Out of Luck is a 1987 American adventure film directed by Julien Temple and starring Mick Jagger. Plot Mick (Mick Jagger) is in Rio shooting a video. He is with his wife/girlfriend played by Jerry Hall. Mick performs Half a Loaf while the director played by Dennis Hopper screams and yells at Mick who is drunk. Mick and Jerry Hall are trying to make each other jealous. Jerry starts making out with a cabana boy which makes Mick disturbed. Mick picks up three girls and invites them to his trailer. On the way to the trailer, Mick starts feeling up the girls and realizes that they are not girls, and the three female imposters beat up and rob Mick and throw him in the back of a truck. Jerry Hall leaves Rio alone and meets a rich man in first class while Mick has found himself lost in the countryside of Brazil, seeing mirages and going crazy from the heat. Mick is found by a plantation owner woman who rescues him and puts him to work. She also uses Mick as her sex slave. A truckload of prostitutes come to visit the plantation workers and Mick offers his shoes to a man who is roughing up a prostitute played by Rae Dawn Chong (Tommy Chong of Cheech & Chong fame's daughter). Mick escapes the plantation by dressing up in drag and getting on the back of the truck when the prostitutes leave. They try to get money by cheating at a casino back in Rio, and Mick got caught and thrown in jail. Rae helps him escape by drugging the warden and Mick goes back to London. Although everyone thinks Mick is dead, the press catch on to his return as he makes new music with a new band upstairs in a pub. Cast Mick Jagger as Mick Rae Dawn Chong as Slave Girl Dennis Hopper as Video Director Jerry Hall as Herself Norma Bengell Grande Otelo Jim Broadbent References External links Category:1980s adventure films Category:American films Category:American adventure films Category:Films directed by Julien Temple

Bocula samarinda is a moth of the family Erebidae first described by Jeremy Daniel Holloway in 2005. It is found in Borneo. The wingspan is about 20 mm. References Category:Rivulinae

Leah Daniels (born December 25, 1987) is a Canadian country music singer and songwriter. She is an independent recording artist. Her self-titled debut was released in November 2011 and her debut single was released in February 2012. She released her first music video titled "Suspicious Minds" on November 2, 2011 on CMT, Canada. Early life and education Leah Daniels grew up on a small farm in Uxbridge, Ontario. Daniels was constantly surrounded by music and singing. She was introduced to music at an early age by a grandfather who taught her how to yodel and an uncle who schooled her in classic rock. She began to write songs at age 12 preferring music that incorporated a country pop music sound. Daniels began performing as a young girl in choirs and singing competitions. Her first exposure to country music came at age 10 singing at the CNE Open Country singing contest. While attending school in Uxbridge, Ontario Leah began to perform in musicals. She performed roles as Eliza Doolittle in "My Fair Lady", Sandy in "Grease" and Anita in "West Side Story". Her first professional singing job was at a dinner theatre called, "Al Capone’s Birthday". Soon after this at age 18 Leah was hired to work as a singer/dancer in the shows "School of Rock" and "Twistin’ to the Sixties" at a theme park called Canada’s Wonderland. Here Leah met and began to sing with the musicians who form her current band. In 2005 Daniels studied musical theatre at Sheridan College and the following year she studied voice at Humber College. At this point in 2007 Leah left school to pursue her ambition of writing, recording and releasing her own original music. In 2008, she recorded and released her first 3-song Demo "No Escape". It was considered to be mostly pop/R&B but one song "Perfect World" stood out as almost having a country flavour. The positive feedback to "Perfect World" inspired Leah to focus on country music writing at this point. Career In 2010, Daniels began to perform regularly as a country artist. She won the Durham Region Music Award for Country Artist of the Year. She also performed at the Havelock Country Jamboree alongside such music legends as Dwight Yoakam and Tanya Tucker. She followed this with a September 2010 appearance in the New Artist Showcase at the 2010 CCMA Music Week. She began to build a motivated fan base on Facebook, Twitter and YouTube recording several music videos and posting them. Leah also began to write and record her debut CD with friend, musician and producer Sam Ellis. Sam is known as a member of the Hunter Hayes Band. The recording was finished in mid-2011 and the first song/video, "Suspicious Minds" was released to CMT Canada and YouTube in November 2011.'Suspicious Minds" was a remake of the Elvis Presley classic song of the same title. Leah made her debut TV appearance on March 3rd 2012 on the CTV Saskatchewan Telemiracle broadcast. Leah Daniels released her second song/video, "One Night" to CMT Canada and YouTube June 8, 2012.' One song from her new CD, "Still" has been featured on the CMT (Canada) show "Unstable". Other projects Daniels performed with the tour act God Made Me Funky during 2008 and 2009. She still performs occasionally with them. Leah recorded on the group's 4th album "Welcome to Nufunktonia", released in 2009. In 2010 she performed and toured with a "Hannah Montana" tribute show. That same year she also appeared as a background vocalist for the Canadian Band, IllScarlett for their performance at the 2010 Winter Olympics. Discography Studio albums Singles Music videos Other album appearances Awards and nominations References External links Leah Daniels music video, "We Got Snow" Category:1987 births Category:Living people Category:People from Uxbridge, Ontario Category:Canadian female country singers Category:Canadian country singer-songwriters Category:20th-century Canadian multi-instrumentalists Category:Musicians from Ontario Category:21st-century Canadian multi-instrumentalists Category:20th-century Canadian guitarists Category:21st-century Canadian guitarists Category:Canadian country guitarists Category:20th-century Canadian singers Category:21st-century Canadian singers Category:Canadian pop guitarists Category:Canadian pop singers Category:20th-century Canadian pianists Category:21st-century Canadian pianists Category:Canadian pop pianists Category:Canadian women pianists Category:20th-century women singers Category:21st-century women singers

Watergate is a hamlet in the civil parish of Advent in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. There is also a hamlet called Watergate in the civil parish of Pelynt in Cornwall. References Category:Hamlets in Cornwall

Christopher Bono () (born 1979) is an American composer, producer, and songwriter. He is the founder of the ambient post-rock band Ghost Against Ghost, experimental ensemble NOUS, and arts collective and record label Our Silent Canvas. Bono began playing the guitar when he was 21 after being injured while playing baseball at the University of South Carolina. For several years he toured, recorded, and performed in an alternative roots-rock style. In his mid-20s, he made the choice to learn classical composition techniques and for seven years, in nearly hermetic isolation, he taught himself to read music, and studied composition independently with Juilliard professor Kendall Briggs and at La Scola Cantorum in Paris. In 2010, Bono began the independent label, Our Silent Canvas, a non-profit multi-media arts collective. Our Silent Canvas organizes performances and events featuring the works of contemporary composers and visual artists. "The aspiration is to offer an opportunity for artists, musicians, and composers to reach a more diverse audience through alternative venues and environments." Our Silent Canvas works to encourage exploration of the complete sensory experience, by developing performances featuring a collaboration of these various arts. Invocations Bono’s first classical album, Invocations, a chamber music collection, was released in fall 2012 and on vinyl in August 2013. Invocations features music for string trio, string quartet, and chamber ensemble, enhanced with electronics and field recordings. Gramophone magazine declared, “If you like Michael Nyman, you’ll probably like Christopher Bono.” NewMusicBox writer Frank Oteri wrote, “While much of 21st-century contemporary composition is not beholden to any rules, to the extent that I could probably claim everyone to be an ‘outsider’ in some ways, Bono’s music sounds as though everything he writes is something he is discovering for the very first time, even if there are clear reference points throughout to the sound worlds of other composers from both our own time and other eras.” The Unexcelled Mantra & Unity In October 2013, Christopher Bono released recordings of two choral works, The Unexcelled Mantra and Unity, performed by The New York Virtuoso Singers led by music director Harold Rosenbaum. The recordings were made at the American Academy of Arts and Letters in New York by Grammy-winning producer Silas Brown. The Unexcelled Mantra is a setting of text from the Heart Sutra, a sacred text in Mahayana Buddhism on practicing Shunyata, or Emptiness, in order to obtain Nirvana. The mantra reads “gaté gaté paragaté parasamgaté bodhi svaha,” which can be translated as “Go, go, go beyond, go totally beyond, be rooted in the ground of enlightenment.” BARDO Christopher’s next album release in 2014, BARDO, incorporates a vast source of multicultural influences including -The Tibetan Book Of The Dead, various archetypal symbolism and characters from the ancient Tarot system, sound healing, and sacred geometry. This surreal musical drama narrates the path of “The Fool,” a character derived from the Tarot system, as he experiences a spiritual journey through a cycle of loss, despair, inspiration, destruction, death, the afterlife, and rebirth. The recording of BARDO features members of the Czech Philharmonic Orchestra and the Prague Philharmonic conducted by Teddy Abrams. The sessions were recorded at the legendary Dvorák Hall in Prague, and were produced by Christopher Bono with Grammy Award-winners Adam Abeshouse and Silas Brown. BARDO was originally a site-specific work commissioned by Sympho Concerts and was premiered to a capacity crowd at the Ann Hamilton Tower in Geyserville, CA in June 2012. Performers and audience members were positioned along the length of the entire structure on double-helix interior staircases. This vertical plane was taken into consideration for the compositional process, and then was translated onto a horizontal level for a larger orchestra. Upcoming Releases and Projects Christopher Bono & Anthony Molina (Mercury Rev, White Light Recording) are at work finishing Bono's electro ambient, post- rock project Ghost Against Ghost. Οία, will be released in late 2014, with an accompanying US and European tour. Collaborations Nous (pronounced (/ˈnuːs/)) is an experimental music project exploring ritual and spontaneity within music. Nous featured what The New York Times called "a wise, postcategory, electric and acoustic 12-person crew." The inaugural public performances by Nous were on at the Basilica Hudson in Hudson, New York and at Baby’s All Right in Williamsburg, New York. These shows followed a five-day recording sessions with producer and engineer Kevin McMahon (Swans, Titus Andronicus, Real Estate) at Dreamland Recording Studio in Woodstock, New York. Discography Ten Senators and the Rebel Son (2005) Digital, CD Invocations ( 2012) Digital, CD,180g Special Edition Vinyl LP Unity and The Unexcelled Mantra (2013) Digital, Special edition 7” vinyl Bardo (2014) Digital, CD, Double Vinyl LP still love-Ghost Against Ghost (primary composer and producer) (2017) Digital, CD, Double Vinyl LP Upcoming Releases NOUS, NOUS I: A Musical Rite (2014), Digital, CD, Vinyl LP Ghost Against Ghost, Checkpoint Charlie (2014) Digital, Limited Edition Vinyl 12 Ghost Against Ghost, Zuruückkommen (2014) Single Ghost Against Ghost, Οία (2015) Digital, Double Length CD, Vinyl References External links Our Silent Canvas - Music Label Christopher Bono -BARDO Christopher Bono - Credits - AllMusic Category:1979 births Category:Living people Category:American male composers Category:21st-century American composers Category:American record producers Category:American male songwriters Category:21st-century American male musicians

Friendship was a merchant brig built in Scarborough, England, and launched in 1784. She is most notable for her transport of convicts as part of the Australian First Fleet. Due to problems manning her, her crew scuttled her in 1788. Origins The first mention of Friendship in Lloyd's Register, in 1784, gave her master's name as Fowler and her trade as St Petersburg to Lieth. She then disappeared from Lloyd's Register before reappearing in the 1787 volume. Voyage to Australia Friendship left Portsmouth on 13 May 1787; she was among the smallest of the transports. Her master was Francis Walton and her surgeon was Thomas Arndell. She was carrying 76 male and 21 female convicts, but the record of the number of persons aboard her varies. David Collins gave the following details in his book An Account of the English Colony in New South Wales: "The Friendship, ... of 228 tons, had on board 76 male and 21 female convicts; 1 captain, 2 lieutenants, 2 sergeants, 3 corporals, 1 drummer, and 36 privates, with 1 assistant surgeon to the colony." The New South Wales Marine Corps, a unit especially created for the First Fleet, provided the guards. Some ten or twelve of the female convicts were particularly unruly, and promiscuous. Walton transferred all the women to other transports at the Cape of Good Hope to make room for livestock purchased there. Friendship arrived at Port Jackson, Sydney, Australia, on 26 January 1788. Two of her female convicts had died on the journey, one before the brig's arrival in Rio, and one after transfer to Lady Penrhyn. The collection of the National Maritime Museum at Greenwich includes a commemorative coin featuring an image of Friendship and the inscription "Success to the Friendship. 1787." and on the reverse, the inscription "F.W.", the initials of Francis Walton master of Friendship. Fate Friendship left Port Jackson on 14 July 1788 in company with . The two vessels were sailing to Canton to pick up a cargo of tea for the British East India Company. On the way scurvy badly affected the crews of both ships. By the time the vessels were off the coast of Borneo there only remained enough healthy sailors to work one ship, and her crew scuttled Friendship in the Straits of Makassar () on 28 October 1788. Legal action The owners took legal action against the Government for the loss of the ship, which took many years. Commemoration An Urban Transit Authority First Fleet ferry was named after Friendship in 1986. See also List of convicts on the First Fleet Journals of the First Fleet Citations and references Citations References Gillen, Mollie, The Founders of Australia: A Biographical Dictionary of the First Fleet, Sydney: Library of Australian History, 1989. External links [CC-By-SA] Category:1784 ships Category:Ships built in England Category:Ships of the First Fleet Category:Shipwrecks in the Celebes Sea Category:Maritime incidents in 1788

Spas Gyurov () is a Bulgarian road bicycle racer. He competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics in the Men's road race, but failed to finish. Major results 2007 1st U23 National Road Race Championships 2009 3rd National Road Race Championships 2012 2nd National Time Trial Championships 2013 1st National Time Trial Championships 2nd Overall Tour of Bulgaria 3rd National Road Race Championships References Category:Bulgarian male cyclists Category:Living people Category:Olympic cyclists of Bulgaria Category:Cyclists at the 2012 Summer Olympics Category:1986 births Category:Sportspeople from Pazardzhik

Phenazepam (also known in Russia as bromdihydrochlorphenylbenzodiazepine) is a benzodiazepine drug, which was developed in the Soviet Union in 1975, and now produced in Russia and some CIS countries. Phenazepam is used in the treatment of various mental disorders such as psychiatric schizophrenia and anxiety. It can be used as a premedication before surgery as it augments the effects of anesthetics. Finland, Sweden, and the United States. Indications Neurosis, neurosis-like, psychopathic (personality disorder), psychopathic-like and other conditions accompanied by fear, anxiety, increased irritability, and emotional lability Brief reactive psychosis and hypochondriasis-senestopathic syndrome Vegetative dysfunction and vegetative lability Insomnia Alcohol withdrawal syndrome Temporal lobe epilepsy and myoclonic epilepsy (used only occasionally as better options exist) Hyperkinesia and tics Muscle spasticity Usually, a course of treatment with phenazepam should not normally exceed 2 weeks (in some cases therapy may be prolonged for up to 2 months) due to the risk of drug abuse and dependence. To prevent withdrawal syndrome, it is necessary to reduce the dose gradually. Side effects Side effects include hiccups, dizziness, loss of coordination and drowsiness, along with anterograde amnesia which can be quite pronounced at high doses. As with other benzodiazepines, in case of abrupt discontinuation following prolonged use, severe withdrawal symptoms may occur including restlessness, anxiety, insomnia, seizures, convulsions and death, though because of its intermediate half-life as well as that of its active metabolites, these withdrawal symptoms may take two or more days to manifest. Contraindications and special caution Benzodiazepines require special precaution if used in the elderly, during pregnancy, in children, alcohol or drug-dependent individuals and individuals with comorbid psychiatric disorders. Phenazepam should not be taken with alcohol or any other CNS depressants. Phenazepam should not be used therapeutically for periods of longer than one month including tapering on and off the drug as recommended for any benzodiazepine in the British national formulary. Some patients may require longer term treatment. Phenazepam was found to be a component in some herbal incense mixtures in Australia and New Zealand in 2011, namely "Kronic". The particular product variety was withdrawn shortly from the market after and replaced with a new formulation. Synthesis First, 2-(o-chlorobenzoylamino)-5-bromo-2-chlorobenzophenone is prepared by acylation of p-bromoaniline with o-chlorobenzoic acid acyl chloride in the presence of a zinc chloride catalyst. This is hydrolysed with aqueous sulfuric acid to yield 2-amino-5-bromo-2'-chlorobenzophenone, which is then acylated with hydrochloride of aminoacetic acid acyl chloride in chloroform to form 2-(aminomethylkarbonylamino)-5-bromo-2-chlorobenzophenone hydrochloride, which is converted to a base with aqueous ammonia and then thermally cyclized to bromodihydrochlorophenylbenzodiazepine (phenazepam). Hydrochloride of aminoacetic acid acyl chloride is prepared by chemical treating glycine with phosphorus pentachloride (PCI₅) in chloroform. This method of Phenazepam synthesis was developed in the 1970s at the Physico-Chemical Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR. Detection in biological fluids Phenazepam may be measured in blood or plasma by chromatographic methods. Blood phenazepam concentrations are typically less than 30 μg/L during therapeutic usage, but have frequently been in the 100–600 μg/L range in automotive vehicle operators arrested for impaired driving ability. Legal status China As of October 2015, phenazepam is a controlled substance in China. United States Under federal United States law, phenazepam is not currently classified as a controlled substance, as the Federal Analog Act only provides for automatic assumed classification of chemicals "substantially similar" to existing Schedule I or Schedule II drugs, whereas all controlled benzodiazepines under the Controlled Substances Act are classified as Schedule IV. Although phenazepam is currently not controlled, sale for human use remains illegal in the United States. Suppliers attempt to circumvent this regulation by placing a "Not for human use" disclaimer on the product's label. Individual states in the United States often ban these analog drugs by name as they appear. Since 2012, Louisiana has classified phenazepam as a controlled dangerous substance. This ban affects several products, some of which were sold at retail stores under the guise of air freshener or similar, containing phenazepam yet claiming not to be for human use. This legislation was introduced after one such product, branded as "Zannie" and marketed as an air freshener rapidly gained publicity as the subject of numerous media reports, attracting the attention of officials. The ensuing investigation effort, led by Senator Fred Mills and Louisiana Poison Center Director Mark Ryan, positively identified the active ingredient of "Zannie" as phenazepam. According to Ryan, chemical analysis identified the active ingredient as "100 percent phenazepam". Paul Halverson, director and state health officer for the Arkansas Department of Health, approved an emergency rule to ban the sale and distribution of phenazepam shortly after the Louisiana ban. United Kingdom Phenazepam is a class C drug in the UK. The UK home office banned importation of phenazepam on Friday 22 July 2011 while it drafted legislation, released in January 2012 to become law at the end of March 2012. The bill was quashed following advice from the ACMD as it included two non-abusable steroids. There was a new discussion about its fate on April 23, 2012, where it was decided that the bill would be rewritten and phenazepam would still be banned. It was eventually banned on June 13, 2012 as a class C, schedule II drug. Elsewhere Phenazepam was classified as a narcotic in Finland in July, 2014. Phenazepam is considered a narcotic in Norway, as per a March 23, 2010 Health Department addition to the Regular Narcotic List. In Russia, while the drug is considered a prescription medication (but not a controlled one, as all other benzodiazepines except tofisopam), some pharmacies sell it without prescriptions required. In Estonia, phenazepam is a Schedule IV substance under the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act. Schedule IV is the lowest classification of psychoactive substances in Estonia. It includes prescribable drugs, including other benzodiazepines. UN Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs On 8 March 2016 at its 59th Session, the Commission on Narcotic Drugs (CND) added Phenazepam to relevant schedules of the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs of 1961. Trade names RU: «Феназепам« (Phenazepam) tablets 0.5, 1 and 2.5 mg, solution for intramuscular and intravenous injection 1 mg/mL (0.1%) «Элзепам» (Elzepam) tablets 0.5 and 1 mg, solution for intramuscular and intravenous injection 1 mg/mL (0.1%) «Фензитат» (Phenzitat) tablets 0.5 and 1 mg «Фенорелаксан» (Phenorelaxan) tablets 0.5 and 1 mg, solution for intramuscular and intravenous injection 1 mg/mL (0.1%) «Транквезипам» (Trankvezipam) tablets 0.5 and 1 mg, solution for intramuscular and intravenous injection 1 mg/mL (0.1%) «Фезипам» (Phezipam) tablets 0.5 and 1 mg (not to be confused with «Фезам» (Phezam) which contains cinnarizine/piracetam) «Фезанеф» (Phezanef) tablets 1 mg See also Benzodiazepine 3-Hydroxyphenazepam—an active metabolite and a designer drug Delorazepam—7-chlorinated analog References Category:Benzodiazepines Category:Chloroarenes Category:Organobromides Category:Lactams Category:Designer drugs Category:Russian drugs Category:GABAA receptor positive allosteric modulators Category:Drugs in the Soviet Union

Joanne Louise Whitfield (born 21 December 1968) is the Chief Executive of Co-op Food. Early life She was born in Prescot, then in Lancashire. She took A-levels (including English Literature and Politics) at Widnes & Runcorn Sixth Form College (now Riverside College, Halton). She attended Aston University from 1987–91, studying Management. Career Northern Foods She worked for Northern Foods from 1995-2000. Matalan She worked for Matalan from 2002-08. Asda She joined Asda in July 2008. Co-op She joined the Co-op in April 2016 as Finance Director for Co-op Food and Retail. She became Chief Executive of Co-op Food in March 2017, making her the first female CEO fo a British food retailer. In 2019, she received the Veuve Clicquot businesswoman of teh year award for her work on improving the stores' sales and sutainable practices. Personal life She lives in Trafford borough, in Altrincham. She married in April 2003 in Manchester. References External links Jo Whitfield profile at Co-Op Jo Whitfield profile at Bloomberg.com Category:1968 births Category:Alumni of Aston University Category:British retail chief executives Category:British women chief executives Category:English businesspeople in retailing Category:People from Altrincham Category:People from Prescot Category:The Co-operative Group Category:Living people

Chênaie-des-Îles-Finlay Ecological Reserve is an ecological reserve of Quebec, Canada. It was established on References External links Official website from Government of Québec Category:Nature reserves in Outaouais Category:Protected areas established in 2007 Category:2007 establishments in Quebec

The 2011 Rally Catalunya, formally 47è Rally RACC Catalunya – Costa Daurada and the denoted RACC Rally de España, was the twelfth round of the 2011 World Rally Championship season. The rally took place over 21–23 October, and was based in Salou, Catalonia. The rally was also the eighth and final round of the Super 2000 World Rally Championship, and the sixth round of the Production World Rally Championship. The rally was won by championship leader Sébastien Loeb, who took his fifth victory of the season, and the 67th of his career after taking the lead at the end of the first day's running and held on to extend his championship lead ahead of the final round in Wales. In doing so, he also secured a seventh manufacturers' title for Citroën. Loeb's title rival Mikko Hirvonen finished second after team-mate Jari-Matti Latvala, who finished third, incurred a two-minute time penalty in order to gain as many points as possible for Hirvonen's title challenge. In the SWRC, Juho Hänninen finished at the head of the class in tenth overall, and as a result, secured the SWRC title, ahead of Ott Tänak. In the PWRC, Patrik Flodin just fended off a challenge from Michał Kościuszko in the late stages of the rally, with Flodin coming out on top by just two seconds. Results Event standings Special stages Power Stage The "Power stage" was a live, televised stage at the end of the rally, held near Pradell de la Teixeta. References External links Results at eWRC.com Official Website of RACC Rally Catalunya Catalunya Category:Rally Catalunya Catalunya Rally

Peninsula Symphony Orchestra may refer to: Peninsula Symphony American symphony orchestra based in the San Francisco Peninsula Peninsula Symphony Orchestra, merged in 1979 to form the Virginia Symphony Orchestra

St Helen's Park is a heritage-listed former school, experimental farm, private residence and guesthouse and now homestead located at St Helens Park Drive, St Helens Park, City of Campbelltown, New South Wales, Australia. It was designed by George Allen Mansfield and built in 1887 by George Lusted. It is also known as St. Helen's Park and Egypt Farm. The property is privately owned. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999. History Campbelltown The original inhabitants of the area were mostly people of the Tharawal (sometimes referred to as Dharawal) people, who ranged from the coast to the east, the Georges River in the west, north to Botany Bay and south to Nowra. However Campbelltown was a meeting point with the Dharug language group (whose area extended across the Blue Mountains) and early history of the area includes references to both peoples. With establishment of the convict colony in Sydney in 1788 the displacement of Aboriginal people began. A smallpox epidemic decimated many of the coastal clans, but was less destructive amongst the inland peoples. Escaped cattle from the convict settlement moved south and bred in the Campbelltown/Camden area and after their (re-) discovery in 1795, the area became known as the "Cow Pastures" (or Cowpasture). In 1805 Jon Macarthur obtained a grant of (later expanded to ) in the area, some of the best grazing land then known in the colony. By 1809, 34 settlers had received grants in the newly named Minto district (named after Gilbert Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, 1st Earl of Minto, the Governor-General of India) in the northern portion of Campbelltown. Many of these were Irish, including surveyor James Meehan, who allocated himself a generous portion (now Macquarie Fields). Prominent settlers included Charles Throsby, who was allocated (now Glenfield), William Redfern (Campbellfield), John Townson (Varroville (homestead)) and Richard Brooks (Denham Court). Though peaceful, the Tharawal people bore the brunt of a punitive expedition led by Captain James Wallis in 1816. At least 14 Tharawal people were massacred at the Appin Massacre, to the distress of sympathetic settlers such as Throsby of Glenfield. Corroborees and other ceremonies continued under the protection of the Macarthurs of Camden Park, though numbers steadily declined. As the district became more densely settled a town was needed further south than Liverpool. Campbelltown was formally established in 1820 and named in honour of Elizabeth Macquarie's maiden name, Campbell. In 1826 the town plan was formalised. As the district became more densely settled a town was needed further south than Liverpool. Campbelltown was formally established in 1820 and named in honour of Elizabeth Macquarie's maiden name, Campbell. In 1826 the town plan was formalised. St. Helen's Park (homestead) Copies of the two deeds of grant dated 8 October 1816, signed by Lachlan Macquarie and witnessed by H. C. Antill and Joseph Cowgill granted respectively to Samuel Larkin and to John Wild. The for a quit rent of two shillings and the for three shillings, the Larkin land to be called Ambarvale and the Wild land Egypt Farm. Successive grants and transfers contain the names of Samuel Harding, David Nowland, and William Peaton. Then on 24 April 1886 John Edmund Wild transferred to George Charles Westgarth. On 6 May 1886 Westgarth also acquired a further parcel of land from George Henry Graham which included part of the original grant to Samuel Larkin. St Helen's Park was built in 1887 to the design of architect George Allen Mansfield, it was given to Sydney soliticitor, George Westgarth as a wedding present, after he married Mansfield's daughter, Lucy. The contractor was George Lusted. George Westgarth was the founder of a Sydney-based law firm. Then at an auction of Crown lands on 30 October 1895 George Charles Westgarth purchase the described as Portion 296, on which he later built a dam across Spring Creek to ensure the homestead's water supply. Various uses for the property, apart from its original and present role as a country house, have been as a school, a guesthouse and an experimental farm. Subsequent uses include Campbelltown Grammar School and Commercial College, a Friesian cattle stud and an exclusive guesthouse. As a result of its impending sale an Interim Conservation Order was placed over the property on 15 March 1985. A Permanent Conservation Order was placed over the property on 16 May 1986. It was transferred to the State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999. Description Garden House St Helen's Park is an elaborate two storey neo Gothic mansion, with "Jerkinhead" gables, massive chimneys and decorative fretwork bargeboards. The foundations are said to have been cut from sandstone quarried on the property and the blocks to have come from Menangle. It is symmetrical in plan and facade, with an extensive verandah to three sides being supported on cast iron columns.The gabled roof is covered in slate, the roof line being given interest by many dormer window gables, massive chimneys and fretwork barge boards. Onto the flagged verandah open either French doors or large double hung windows, all screened by varnished louvered shutters. The four panelled front door is glazed with matching sidelights, above which is the Westgarth coat of arms and motto "Mens Concia Recti" displayed in leadlight above the lintel, in the transome light, and repeated on the first floor landing. Internal joinery is of cedar being unpainted except to skirtings and architraves with fine built-in cupboards to bedrooms. There are seven large marble chimney pieces each of a different colour and many other original fittings and glasswork. A small stone dairy and timber stables of late Victorian design are some distance from the house. Single storey service wing at rear contains original kitchen. Outbuildings include original stone cool room, carriage shed and barn. Condition As at 4 July 2008, the physical condition is good and highly intact. Further information A sandstone dam, historically linked with St. Helens Park is situated across Spring Creek. Heritage listing As at 3 August 2016, St Helen's Park is an elaborate two storey neo Gothic mansion built in 1887 for the wealthy Sydney Westgarth family and designed by architect George Allen Mansfield. It is well detailed and generally intact. Its distinctive massing and architectural character and its position, make it a prominent feature in the landscape viewed from the Appin Road demonstrating the past rural estate character of the outskirts of Campbelltown. St Helen's Park was listed on the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999. See also Australian residential architectural styles References Bibliography Attribution Category:New South Wales State Heritage Register Category:St Helens Park, New South Wales Category:Houses in Sydney Category:Farms in New South Wales Category:Defunct schools in New South Wales Category:Articles incorporating text from the New South Wales State Heritage Register

Cheviot Hills Military Academy operated from 1946 until 1952 as a K through 9th grade military school. Founded by Frank J. Brick on the premises of the old Pacific Military Academy in Culver City, California, the school ran under the auspices of the California Cadet Corps. During its short life, the school averaged approximately 150 students spread among the 10 grades. Most of them boarded in the main building but there was a small contingent of daily commuters. Military style uniforms were required of all students while on the grounds and military structure dictated the daily routines such as marching to classes, meals, recess and daily inspections. From reveille to taps, a bugle announced the task at hand. This Florentine structure, designed by noted architect Wallace Neff, was originally built in 1929 as the Pacific Military Academy by Culver City Founder, Harry Culver. At the beginning of World War II, the building served as military barracks for the Army's First Motion Picture Unit. This Army unit used the Hal Roach Studios also located in Culver City. There is film footage still in existence which shows young officer Ronald Reagan lined up for lunch at the cafeteria in the basement of the main building. In 1952 the property at 9601 Cattaraugus Ave. was sold to a Catholic order, the Marianists (Society of Mary) to become Chaminade High School For Boys. In 1959, the address was changed to its back street, Beverly Drive. In 1962, Chaminade Preparatory, as it is now known, moved to what is now West Hills in the San Fernando Valley, and, after sale to developers, the grand old building was demolished to make way for residential homes. Beverly Drive was extended through the center of the property down to Cattaraugus Avenue. Today, only four palm trees remain, as found now in the back yards of homes along Beverly Drive. In the top picture with the main building at the center, the laundry and staff residences are on the left, the horse corrals in the center and the athletic field house on the right. The classrooms were located in a single story building behind the main structure. They can be seen in the right side of the inspection picture. The site is bordered by Cattaraugus on the south, Castle Heights on the west, Beverlywood on the north and S. Beverly Drive on the east. The main building stood on Beverlywood Street just west of S. Beverly Dr. The northern property line is now the northern property line of the homes bordering the north side of Beverlywood. References Sources 1951–1952 CHMA Hilltop School Annuals History of Culver City, California History of Pacific Military Academy History of Chaminade High School External links Cheviot Hills Military Academy F.M.P.U. homepage Category:Military academies of the United States Category:Defunct United States military academies Category:Educational institutions established in 1946 Category:1952 disestablishments in California Category:Defunct schools in California Category:First Motion Picture Unit Category:1946 establishments in California

The Canadian Amateur Championship, begun in 1895, is the men's amateur golf championship of Canada. It is staged annually by Golf Canada. It was played at match play until 1968, went to stroke play beginning in 1969, and reverted to match play in 1995. It then returned to stroke play in 2008. Founding and early years The Royal Canadian Golf Association was founded in June 1895, at a meeting held in Ottawa by ten charter member clubs, hosted by the Ottawa Golf Club (later the Royal Ottawa Golf Club), and the new organization was granted the prefix 'Royal' in 1896. In conjunction with the meeting, the first men's amateur championship was staged, at match play, with the Governor General, Lord Aberdeen, donating a trophy, the Aberdeen Cup, to the champion. Thomas Harley of Kingston, Ontario won the first championship. This makes the Canadian Amateur slightly older than the U.S. Amateur, which was first staged later in 1895, and hence the third oldest national amateur championship in the world, after the British Amateur Championship, which began in 1885, and the Australian Amateur in 1894. The Aberdeen Cup was granted in perpetuity to George Lyon, after he won three straight titles from 1905 to 1907. The original cup was retained by Lyon, but was eventually lost. A new trophy was then provided, the Earl Grey Cup. Lyon would win a total of eight Canadian titles, which is still a record, and he also won the gold medal at golf in the 1904 St. Louis Olympics. The tournament was held annually until 1914 inclusive, but then was cancelled from 1915 to 1918 because of World War I. It resumed in 1919, and then was staged annually until 1939 inclusive, being cancelled again from 1940 to 1945 because of World War II. It has been held annually since 1946. Willingdon Cup In 1927, the interprovincial team matches, which had begun in 1882, and held 27 times until 1921, between teams from Ontario and Quebec, but then dropped, were resumed with the start of the Willingdon Cup competition, playing for a cup donated by the Governor General, Lord Willingdon. The Willingdon Cup features teams of four top players from each province, and is held on the first two days of the Canadian Amateur, which are also the qualifying days for the balance of the tournament. The Willingdon Cup was also not played from 1940-45. Rotation around country The Canadian Amateur stayed in Ontario and Quebec until 1921, when it went to Manitoba. It went to Alberta for the first time in 1929, to British Columbia for the first time in 1932, to Atlantic Canada for the first time in 1949, and to Saskatchewan for the first time in 1950. Since then, it has rotated around the country's top courses, with the current format allowing each of the six major golf regions (Atlantic Canada, Quebec, Ontario, Manitoba and Saskatchewan, Alberta, and British Columbia) to have its turn on approximately a six-year cycle. Among Canada's ten provinces, only Newfoundland and Labrador has yet to host it. Dominant players The Canadian Amateur was dominated in the 1920s and 1930s by Ross Somerville, who won six titles, finished runner-up four times, and had several more near-misses. Moe Norman won back-to-back titles in 1955 and 1956. Nick Weslock waited until age 40 to win the first of his four titles in 1957. Although Gary Cowan was consistently the best Canadian amateur from the late 1950s into the mid-1970s, he managed to win only one Canadian title, in 1961, but lost in the finals four more times, as well as finishing runner-up twice in stroke play. Doug Roxburgh won his first of four crowns in 1972. Jim Nelford won two in a row from 1975–1976, then narrowly missed a third in 1977, when he lost to Rod Spittle, who won two in a row. Brent Franklin won three in a row from 1985–1987, a feat not seen since Lyon did it some eighty years earlier. Richard Scott won the Canadian title in three years out of four from 2003 to 2006. Cam Burke won two straight from 2008 to 2009. From the late 1920s into the 1970s, the Canadian Amateur often attracted many of the top American amateurs, several of whom carried the trophy south, including Dick Chapman, Frank Stranahan, Don Cherry, Harvie Ward, Allen Miller, Dick Siderowf, and George Burns. Other leading Americans who competed but fell short include William C. Campbell, Jay Sigel, and Nathaniel Crosby. The Canadian title has also been won by South African Reg Taylor (1962), New Zealanders Stuart Jones (1967) and Gareth Paddison (2001), Mexican Rafael Alarcon (1979), and Australian Gary Simpson (1993). To date, four players have won both the U.S. Amateur and Canadian Amateur titles: Ross Somerville, Dick Chapman, Harvie Ward, and Gary Cowan. Chapman and Ward also won The Amateur Championship of Great Britain, a title which no Canadian has yet taken. Winners who won PGA Tour events To date, eleven players who won the Canadian Amateur have also won events on the PGA Tour. These eleven (in chronological order of their Canadian Amateur wins) are: Fred Haas, Ken Black, Frank Stranahan, Bunky Henry, Allen Miller, George Burns (golfer), Richard Zokol, Garrett Willis, Dillard Pruitt, Nick Taylor, and Mackenzie Hughes. Rod Spittle, Canadian Amateur champion in 1977 and 1978, later won an event on the Champions Tour, the 2010 AT&T Championship in San Antonio. Most championships hosted The Toronto Golf Club (1898, 1901, 1903, 1905, 1909, 1913, 1926, 1995, and 2017) and the Royal Ottawa Golf Club (1895, 1899, 1906, 1911, 1914, 1925, 1951, 1991, and 2016) have each hosted nine. Next are Royal Montreal Golf Club with seven (1897, 1900, 1902, 1904, 1908, 1912, and 1931) and Hamilton Golf and Country Club with six (1922, 1927, 1935, 1948, 1977, and 1994). Winners References External links Category:Amateur golf tournaments in Canada Category:1895 establishments in Canada

Susan Meld Shell (born March 24, 1948) is an American philosopher and Professor and Chair of the Department of Political Science at Boston College. She is known for her research on Kantian philosophy. Books Kant and the Limits of Autonomy (Harvard University Press, 2009) The Embodiment of Reason: Kant on Spirit, Generation and Community (University of Chicago Press, 1996) The Rights of Reason: A Study of Kant's Philosophy and Politics (University of Toronto Press, 1980) America at Risk: Threats to Liberal Self-Government in an Age of Uncertainty, edited by Susan Shell and Robert K. Faulkner (University of Michigan Press, 2009) Kant's 'Observations' and 'Remarks': A Critical Guide, edited by Susan Shell and Richard Velkley (Cambridge University Press, 2012). References External links Susan Shell at Boston College Category:21st-century American philosophers Category:Moral philosophers Category:Political philosophers Category:Kant scholars Category:Philosophy academics Category:Harvard University alumni Category:Cornell University alumni Category:Boston College faculty Category:Living people Category:1949 births Category:Catholic University of America faculty Category:Fellows of the National Endowment for the Humanities Category:Bradley Foundation Fellows Category:ACLS Fellows Category:American women philosophers Category:Earhart Foundation Fellows

David A. Williams is the president and chief executive officer of Genesys Works. Previously, he served as the President and Chief Executive Officer of Make-A-Wish Foundation. Education Williams graduated from Dallas High School and from the Bloomsburg University of Pennsylvania with a BBA and later attended at the University of Houston (Bauer College of Business), where he earned an MBA. Biography Williams grew up in Pennsylvania and moved to Houston, Texas after graduating college to work for Shell Oil Company. In Houston, he earned a masters of business administration from the University of Houston. He worked for Shell for two years before going into the non-profit sector. Williams began his work in the nonprofit sector by working on the board of the Houston Food Bank. He then worked for 10 years at Habitat for Humanity International where he became the chief operating officer. In July 2006, he was appointed to the Helping to Enhance the Livelihood of People (HELP) Around the Globe Commission by President George W. Bush. References Category:American nonprofit chief executives Category:University of Houston alumni Category:American chief operating officers Category:Living people Category:Year of birth missing (living people)

Kiwuri (Aymara canine tooth or tusk, -ri a suffix, also spelled Kiburi, Quiburi) is a mountain in the Andes of Bolivia. It is located in the Oruro Department, San Pedro de Totora Province. References Category:Mountains of Oruro Department

Wren Day, also known as Wren's Day, Day of the Wren, or Hunt the Wren Day (), is celebrated on 26 December, St. Stephen's Day in a number of countries across Europe. The tradition consists of "hunting" a fake wren and putting it on top of a decorated pole. Then the crowds of mummers, or strawboys, celebrate the wren (also pronounced wran) by dressing up in masks, straw suits, and colourful motley clothing. They form music bands and parade through towns and villages. These crowds are sometimes called wrenboys. History In past times and into the 20th century, an actual bird was hunted by wrenboys on St. Stephen's Day. The captured wren was tied to the wrenboy leader's staff or a net would be put on a pitchfork. It would be sometimes kept alive, as the popular mummers' parade song states, "A penny or tuppence would do it no harm". The song, of which there are many variations, asked for donations from the townspeople. One variation sung in Edmondstown, County Dublin ran as such; "The wren the wren the king of all birds/ St Stephen's Day was caught in the furze/ Her clothes were all torn- her shoes were all worn/ Up with the kettle and down with the pan/ Give us a penny to bury the "wran"/ If you haven't a penny a halfpenny will do/ If you haven't a halfpenny/ God bless you!". Often the boys gave a feather from the bird to patrons for good luck. The money was used to host a dance or "Wren Ball" for the town on a night in January. Wrenboys would go from house to house in the countryside collecting money but in the towns the groups were more organised and there was often an element of faction-fighting. In both cases there would be a Wren Captain, usually wearing a cape and carrying a sword; musicians; strawboys and others dressed as old women or other things. It is a day of wild revelry and people usually conceal their identities so they can play tricks on their friends. This type of behaviour is typical of Celtic festivals as a sort of purge. The band of young boys has expanded to include girls, and adults often join in. The money collected from the townspeople is usually donated to a school or charity. Similar traditions of hunting the wren have been performed in Pembrokeshire, Wales on Twelfth Day (6 January) and, on the first Sunday of December in parts of Southern France, including Carcassonne. The custom has been revived in Suffolk by Pete Jennings and the Old Glory Molly Dancers and has been performed in the village of Middleton every Boxing Day evening since 1994. A tradition of Hunting the Wren happens on the Isle of Man every St Stephen's Day (26 December) at various locations around the Island. This is a circle dance, music and song, taken around the streets. A stuffed wren or substitute is placed at the centre of a tall hooped pole decorated with ribbons and greenery. Then a lively circle dance takes place around it, to live musicians playing the tune, and from time to time the song is sung. The words of the song on the Island are similar to the Dublin variation and the North Wales version. Origin The Celtic theory The wren celebration may have descended from Celtic mythology. Ultimately, the origin may be a Samhain or midwinter sacrifice or celebration, as Celtic mythology considered the wren a symbol of the past year (the European wren is known for its habit of singing even in mid-winter, and its name in the Netherlands, "winter king," reflects this); Celtic names of the wren (draouennig, drean, dreathan, dryw etc.) also suggest an association with druidic rituals. Lleu Llaw Gyffes, a Celtic hero, wins his name by hitting or killing a wren. He strikes a wren "between the tendon and the bone of its leg", causing Arianrhod, his mother, to say "it is with a skillful hand that the fair-haired one has hit it". At that Gwydion, his foster father, reveals himself, saying Lleu Llaw Gyffes; "the fair-haired one with the skillful hand" is his name now". In the Isle of Man, the hunting of the wren is associated with an ancient enchantress or 'queen of the fairies' (or goddess) named 'Tehi Tegi' which translates to something like 'beautiful gatherer' in Brythonic (the Manx spoke Brythonic before they switched to Gaelic). Tehi Tegi was so beautiful that all the men of the Island followed her around in hope of marrying her, and neglected their homes and fields. Tehi Tegi led her suitors to the river and then drowned them. She was confronted, but turned into a wren and escaped. She was banished from the Island but returns once a year, when she is hunted. The Christian theory The myth most commonly told in Ireland to explain the festival is as follows; God wished to know who was the king of all birds so he set a challenge. The bird who flew highest and furthest would win. The birds all began together but they dropped out one by one until none were left but the great eagle. The eagle eventually grew tired and began to drop lower in the sky. At this point, the treacherous wren emerged from beneath the eagle's wing to soar higher and further than all the others. This belief is shown in the song that begins: "The wren, the wren, the King of All Birds, St. Stephen's Night got caught in the furze." This also illustrates the tradition of hunting the wren on Christmas Day (St. Stephen's Eve/Night). The Norse theory The tradition may also have been influenced by Scandinavian settlers during the Viking invasions of the 8th to 10th centuries though it is usually attributed to the "Christianising" of old pagan festivals by saints to ease the transition and promote conversion.Various associated legends exist, such as a wren being responsible for betraying Irish soldiers who fought the Viking invaders by beating its wings on their shields, in the late 1st and early 2nd millennia, and for betraying the Christian martyr Saint Stephen, after whom the day is named. This mythological association with treachery is a possible reason the bird was hunted by wrenboys on St. Stephen's Day, or why a pagan sacrificial tradition was continued into Christian times. Despite the abandonment of killing the wren, devoted wrenboys continue to ensure that the Gaelic tradition of celebrating the wren continues, although it is no longer widespread. Central Europe Spain In Galicia, Spain, the Caceria del rey Charlo (Chase of King Charles) was performed. The inhabitants of Vilanova de Lourenza would chase down a wren and, after tying it to a pole, would parade it and show it to the abbot of the local monastery, who would then offer them food and drink and appoint two leaders of the local town council out of the four candidates proposed by townsmen. This tradition has been recorded since the 16th century. The sources are somewhat misleading about the day, since they call it "New Year's Day" but might mean "The day after Christmas", which was regarded then as the end of the year. France James George Frazer describes in his The Golden Bough a wren-hunting ritual in southern France (at Carcassonne). The Fête du Roi de l'Oiseau, first recorded in 1524 at Puy-en-Velay, is still active. Songs In 1955 Liam Clancy recorded "The Wran Song" ("The Wren Song"), which was sung in Ireland by wrenboys. In 1972 Steeleye Span recorded "The King" on Please to See the King, which also reflects the tradition. They made another version, "The Cutty Wren", on their album Time. "Hunting the Wren" is on John Kirkpatrick's album Wassail!. The Chieftains made a collection of wrenboy tunes on The Bells of Dublin. In the song "The Boys of Barr na Sráide", which is based on a poem by Sigerson Clifford, the wren hunt is also prominent. Lankum's 2019 album The Livelong Day includes a track called "Hunting the Wren" that references several of the legends and practices connected with Wren Day. "The Wren [Wran] Song" is also on the Clancy Brothers and Tommy Makem's 1995 album Ain't It Grand Boys: A Collection of Unissued Gems, as the last song in "Children's Medley". The spoken introduction tells how as boys they would go out on Christmas Day and kill a wren, and on the next day, St. Stephen's Day, they would go from house to house singing this song and asking for money "to bury the wren". See also St. Stephen's Day Junkanoo Cutty Wren Mummer's Day References External links Archived audio recording of The Wren Song, sung by Will Murphy, Colliers, Newfoundland Discussions about the Wren song Hunt the Wren in the Isle of Man Handbook of Birds of the World: Wrens family account Hunting the Wren on the Dingle peninsula - An excellent account of the origins, history, contemporary aspects and international connections of the wren. The Weird Side of St. Stephen's day in Ireland & Elsewhere (Fustar.info) Wren Boy Festival Wren Day Wren Day Songs Hunting the Wren, bbc.co.uk, 23 Dec 2005 Category:Irish mythology Category:December observances Category:Irish folklore Category:International observances Category:Public holidays in the United Kingdom Category:Irish culture Category:Winter events in the Republic of Ireland

Missouri elected its member August 7, 1826. See also 1826 and 1827 United States House of Representatives elections List of United States Representatives from Missouri 1826 Missouri United States House of Representatives

In vector calculus, the surface gradient is a vector differential operator that is similar to the conventional gradient. The distinction is that the surface gradient takes effect along a surface. For a surface in a scalar field , the surface gradient is defined and notated as where is a unit normal to the surface. Examining the definition shows that the surface gradient is the (conventional) gradient with the component normal to the surface removed (subtracted), hence this gradient is tangent to the surface. In other words, the surface gradient is the orthographic projection of the gradient onto the surface. The surface gradient arises whenever the gradient of a quantity over a surface is important. In the study of capillary surfaces for example, the gradient of spatially varying surface tension doesn't make much sense, however the surface gradient does and serves certain purposes. References Category:Vector calculus

The Cordillera Central páramo (NT1004) is an ecoregion containing páramo (high moorland) vegetation above the treeline in the Andes mountain range of northern Peru and southern Ecuador. Due to its isolation there are high levels of endemism. Despite many human settlements and some destruction of habitat by agriculture and mining, the ecoregion is relatively intact. Geography Location The Cordillera Central páramo is found in the upper regions of the Andes in northern Peru and southern Ecuador. The ecoregion has an area of . The páramo covers ridges and mountains in the high basins of the Piura and Cajamarca regions of Peru and in the south of Ecuador. The northern part of the ecoregion is surrounded by the Eastern Cordillera Real montane forests ecoregion. Further south it adjoins or is surrounded by Tumbes-Piura dry forests, Marañón dry forests, Peruvian Yungas, Ucayali moist forests, Sechura Desert and Central Andean wet puna. Terrain The Cordillera Central páramo begins at the treeline around of elevation and extends upward to the permanent snowline at about . Some mountains are volcanic in origin from the Tertiary period, but there are also Paleozoic metamorphic and sedimentary rocks, Paleocene batholiths and areas of Precambrian rock. Terrain includes steep slopes on the high peaks, and flat or rolling tablelands cut by deep valleys in which the climate is milder. Soils are wet or marshy, with rocky regions and rock outcroppings. The páramo is the source of many streams that run down the east and west slopes of the Andes and provide an important source of water to the human populations lower down. In Peru it supplies the Quirós, Huancabamba and Chinchipe rivers. Climate The Köppen climate classification is "Cfb": warm temperate, fully humid, warm summer. The climate is cold, wet and very cloudy, with high rainfall. Temperatures generally fall below freezing at night. Ecology The Cordillera Central páramo ecoregion is in the neotropical realm, in the montane grasslands and shrublands biome. The wet shrublands are the most southern group of páramos in the Neotropical realm. The great Huancabamba Depression lies to the south of the ecoregion, a barrier that prevents flora and fauna from migrating between the north and south Andes mountains. The ecoregion is part of the Northern Andean Páramo global ecoregion, which includes the Cordillera Central páramo, Santa Marta páramo, Cordillera de Merida páramo and Northern Andean páramo terrestrial ecoregions. The plants and animals are adapted to the cold, dry conditions of the high peaks. There is a high level of local endemism, particularly on the more isolated peaks. Part of the Cordillera Central páramo has been identified as a hotspot, a threatened area with a high level of endemism. Other hotspots in Peru include the Marañón dry forests, central Peruvian Yungas and central Andean puna. Flora Vegetation includes tussock grasses and cushion plants, shrubs and sedges, often with an under-layer of lichens and moss. The lower levels of páramo merge into dwarf transitional forest and montane cloud forest. The characteristic vegetation consists of plants of the genera Calamagrostis, Agrostis and Hypericum, There are also shrubs of genera such as Polylepis and Escallonia. The isolated position of the páramos has resulted in high levels of endemism among the diverse plant species. There are 300 genera of spermatophytes with 1,000–1,500 species, of which about 60% are endemic. Notable species of flora include Cinchona officinalis and Schmardaea microphylla. Fauna The fauna of the plateau include species that originated from the Amazon basin, from the tropical Andes and from the northern desert areas. Mammals include mountain tapir (Tapirus pinchaque), little red brocket (Mazama rufina), spectacled bear (Tremarctos ornatus), northern pudú (Pudu mephistophiles) and small-eared shrews (genus Cryptotis). The mountain tapir (Tapirus pinchaque) is endangered. The ecoregion has three endemic bird species. Endangered birds include the bearded guan (Penelope barbata) and red-faced parrot (Hapalopsittaca pyrrhops). The rufous-breasted warbling finch (Poospiza rubecula) is also endangered. Other fauna include the Huancabamba whorltail lizard (Stenocercus huancabambae), the frogs Astrotheca galeata, Gastrotheca lateonata, Lynchius parkeri, Gastrotheca nebulanastes and genus Eleutherodactylus and butterflies of the genera Dismorphia, Pagyris and Veladyris. Endangered amphibians include Atelopus peruensis, Hyloxalus elachyhistus, Lynchius parkeri, Pristimantis simonsii, Telmatobius brevipes, Telmatobius degener and Telmatobius thompsoni. Status The World Wildlife Fund gives the ecoregion the status "Relatively Stable/Intact". The ecoregion has been used by humans for many years, with many settlements and highways crossing the plateau, but is still fairly intact, A recent expansion of the human population and increase in agriculture is destroying the habitat around settlements. Overgrazing by livestock is causing erosion of the soil. Mining waste sometimes contaminates the rivers. Protected areas include the Podocarpus National Park. Notes Sources Category:Neotropic ecoregions Category:Ecoregions of Peru Category:Ecoregions of Ecuador Category:Páramos

Islamic Association of Engineers of Iran () is an Iranian political party of engineers affiliated with the Council for Coordinating the Reforms Front. Party leaders References Category:Reformist political groups in Iran Category:1991 establishments in Iran Category:Political parties established in 1991 Category:Engineering organizations

Stephen B. Hobbs (born November 14, 1965) is a former American football wide receiver. He played in the National Football League for the Washington Redskins. The 1991 season was his only complete season; injuries sidelined him during portions of his other playing years. He played college football at the University of North Alabama. References Category:1965 births Category:Living people Category:People from Mendenhall, Mississippi Category:American football wide receivers Category:North Alabama Lions football players Category:Kansas City Chiefs players Category:Washington Redskins players Category:Super Bowl champions

The Inspector Wears Skirts (, released in the Philippines as Lady Enforcer) is a 1988 Hong Kong martial arts-action comedy produced by Jackie Chan, directed by Wellson Chin Sing-Wai and starring Sibelle Hu, Ellen Chan and Sandra Ng. In common with many other Hong Kong films The Inspector Wears Skirts moves from genre to genre. Synopsis The film revolves around a crack squad of female police officers who have to deal with harassment and a lack of respect from their male colleagues, personal issues as well as some serious criminals. Cast Sibelle Hu as Madam Wu Cynthia Rothrock as Madam Law Kara Hui as May Ellen Chan as Jean Ann Bridgewater as Karen Cindy Lai Sandra Ng as Amy Regina Kent as Aileen Billy Lau Stanley Fung as Chief Kan Alex To Michael Chow as Peter Jeff Falcon as Caucasian Jewel Thief Joanna Chan Dennis Chan Mars Anthony Caprio Ken Lo Vanessa Chan Bill Tung Shing Fui-On as Jewel thief Johnny Cheung Danny Chow Benny Lai Rocky Lai Lee Pooi-Ling Lai Ming-Si Wellson Chin Fong Yue Laai Sing-Gwong Lau Wai-Man Chung Pau-Yung Mai Kei Ricky Hui as Canteen Chef Lee Jun-Git Chan Tat-kwong Release The Inspector Wears Skirts was released in Hong Kong in 1988. In the Philippines, the film was released by First Films as Lady Enforcer on August 11, 1988. Sequels The film was followed by three sequels: The Inspector Wears Skirts 2 (1989) The Inspector Wears Skirts 3 (1990) The Inspector Wears Skirts 4 (1992) References External links Love Hong Kong Film Article Category:1988 films Category:1980s action comedy films Category:Hong Kong action comedy films Category:Cantonese-language films Category:Hong Kong action films Category:Hong Kong films Category:1980s martial arts films Category:1980s police comedy films Category:Hong Kong martial arts comedy films

Charles Joseph Ignace Marie Welter (6 April 1880 – 28 March 1972) was a Dutch politician and diplomat of the defunct General League of Roman Catholic Caucuses (ABRK) party later the Roman Catholic State Party (RKSP), the Catholic People's Party (KVP) and founder of Catholic National Party (KNP) before rejoining the Catholic People's Party now merged into the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA) party and nonprofit director. Welter worked as a civil servant for the Ministry of the Interior from July 1901 until October 1902 and for the Ministry of Colonial Affairs in the Kedu Residency and Pekalongan in the Dutch East Indies from October 1902 until April 1908 and in Batavia from April 1908 until May 1911. Welter moved back to the Netherlands and worked for the Ministry of Colonial Affairs in The Hague from May 1911 until November 1915 and returned to the Dutch East Indies working for the Ministry of Colonial Affairs in Batavia from November 1915 until October 1925. After the election of 1925 Welter was appointed as Minister of Colonial Affairs in the Cabinet Colijn I, taking office on 1 October 1925. The Cabinet Colijn I fell just 3 months laste on 11 November 1925 and continued to serve in a demissionary capacity until the cabinet formation of 1926 with Welters not giving a cabinet post in the new cabinet, the Cabinet Colijn I was replaced by the Cabinet De Geer I on 8 March 1926. In March 1926 Welters was nominated as a Member of the Council of India, serving from 30 March 1926 until 30 March 1931. Welter semi-retired from active politic and became active in the public sector served on several state commissions and councils on behalf of the government (Cadastre Agency, Statistics Netherlands and the Welter Commission) and as an diplomat and lobbyist for several economic delegations on behalf of the government. Welter was elected as a Member of the House of Representatives after the election of 1937, taking office on 8 June 1937. Following the cabinet formation of 1937 Welter was appointed again as Minister of Colonial Affairs in the Cabinet Colijn IV, taking office on 24 June 1937. The Cabinet Colijn IV fell on 29 June 1939 and continued to serve in a demissionary capacity until the first cabinet formation of 1939 with Welters not giving a cabinet post in the new cabinet, the Cabinet Colijn IV was replaced by the Cabinet Colijn V on 25 July 1939. On 25 July 1939 just three days later Cabinet Colijn V was dismissed by Queen Wilhelmina and continued to serve in a demissionary capacity until the second cabinet formation of 1939 when it was replaced by the Cabinet De Geer II with Welter again appointed as Minister of Colonial Affairs, taking office on 10 August 1939. On 10 May 1940 Nazi Germany invaded the Netherlands and the government fled to London to escape the German occupation. The Cabinet De Geer II fell on 26 August 1940 after a conflict between Queen Wilhelmina and Prime Minister Dirk Jan de Geer and continued to serve in a demissionary capacity until the cabinet formation of 1940 when it was replaced by the Cabinet Gerbrandy I with Welter continuing as Minister of Colonial Affairs and was appointed as Minister of Finance dual serving in both positions, taking office on 3 September 1940. The Cabinet Gerbrandy I fell on 12 June 1941 after a conflict between Queen Wilhelmina and Minister of Defence Adriaan Dijxhoorn and continued to serve in a demissionary capacity until the cabinet formation of 1941 when it was replaced by the Cabinet Gerbrandy II with Welter continuing as of Minister of Colonial Affairs, taking office on 27 July 1941. On 17 November 1941 Welter and Minister of Finance and Minister of Commerce, Industry and Shipping Max Steenberghe resigned after disagreeing with the cabinets war policies. Decorations References External links Official Ch.J.I.M. (Charles) Welter Parlement & Politiek Ch.J.I.M. Welter (KVP) Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal |- Category:1880 births Category:1972 deaths Category:Catholic National Party politicians Category:Catholic People's Party politicians Category:Cultural critics Category:Delft University of Technology alumni Category:Dutch critics Category:Dutch expatriates in England Category:Dutch expatriates in Indonesia Category:Dutch lobbyists Category:Dutch nonprofit directors Category:Dutch people of World War II Category:Dutch political commentators Category:Dutch political party founders Category:Dutch Traditionalist Catholics Category:Dutch Roman Catholics Category:General League of Roman Catholic Caucuses politicians Category:Grand Officers of the Order of Orange-Nassau Category:Knights of the Order of the Netherlands Lion Category:Leaders of political parties in the Netherlands Category:Members of the House of Representatives (Netherlands) Category:Members of the Senate (Netherlands) Category:Ministers of Colonial Affairs of the Netherlands Category:Ministers of Finance of the Netherlands Category:Party chairs of the Netherlands Category:People from The Hague Category:Roman Catholic State Party politicians Category:Social critics Category:20th-century Dutch civil servants Category:20th-century Dutch diplomats Category:20th-century Dutch politicians

The 1987–88 international cricket season was from September 1987 to April 1988. Season overview October 1987 Cricket World Cup November England in Pakistan West Indies in India December New Zealand in Australia January 1987–88 Benson & Hedges World Series England in Australia February England in New Zealand Sri Lanka in Australia March Pakistan in West Indies 1988 Sharjah Cup References Category:1987 in cricket Category:1988 in cricket

A Mobile Love Story (Simplified Chinese: 爱情占线; pinyin: Ai Qing Zhan Xian) is a twenty-one episode Chinese Romance Idol drama starring Taiwanese heartthrob Wallace Huo and mainland singer-actress Han Xue with Singapore superstars Christopher Lee and Yvonne Lim. This series is a collaboration between China Central Television and Singapore's Mediacorp Network. Main cast Wallace Huo as Lu Yun Fei 陆云飞 Han Xue as Mu Bei Bei 慕北北　 Christopher Lee as Lin Li Zhong 林立中 Luo Shan Shan as You Li 尤　莉 Yvonne Lim (Singaporean actress) as Su Fei Story Mu Beibei (Han Xue) is a marketing student who aspires to work for a large marketing agency called Star River; meanwhile, she is supporting her tuition and her mother's medical bills by working part-time as a local small-town tour guide. During one of her assignments, she meets Lin Lizhong (Christopher Lee), a rich playboy from Singapore, whom she mistakes as a client. It is only at the end of the tour that it is revealed that Lizhong has only been posing as Beibei's client. When Lizhong learns that Beibei has not only lost her job as a result of the identity mix-up, but also lost her only means of financial support, he tries to repair the damage by becoming Beibei's friend. Lu Yunfei (Wallace Huo) is an up-and-coming star in the advertising industry who has just started a marketing firm with a friend and has been nominated for an award for one of his projects. His long-time girlfriend, Su Fei (Yvonne Lim) has just returned to Shanghai after working abroad for two years as a doctor. Yunfei proposes to Su Fei. On their wedding day, Su Fei inexplicably leaves him. Yunfei tries to find Su Fei over the next several days, but she refuses to respond to his phone calls or SMSes. Finally, after texting a farewell message, Su Fei leaves her mobile phone behind and leaves the city. Su Fei's mobile phone is picked up by Mu Beibei. Initially Beibei tries to help the sender find his girlfriend, even though she does not know him. His touching SMSes impresses Beibei. Over time, they begin to communicate through text messages, and become virtual friends. Beibei encourages Yunfei to start his life over, and Yunfei provides Beibei with moral support as she embarks on the next stage of her life. A year later, Beibei graduates from school and looks for a job. By chance she is hired to work for Yunfei, who behaves insensitively towards his employees, and never fails to express his disappointment publicly when his employees do not meet his expectations. Neither Beibei nor Yunfei realize that they are friends in the online world. Over time, Yunfei begins to appreciate Beibei's tenacity, and respect the talent and potential in her. He decides to take Beibei under his wings. At the same time, Beibei begins to see that beneath Yunfei's icy exterior beats a warm heart. Lin Lizhong continues to try to win Beibei's affections, but soon finds that he is caught in a love triangle with Beibei and Yunfei, when Beibei learns that Yunfei, her mentor and boss in real life, is also her good friend in the virtual world, with whom she has fallen in love. Yunfei, too, has unwittingly fallen in love with Beibei, and learns of Beibei's online identity, but his ex-girlfriend, Su Fei, returns, suffering from a rapidly progressing terminal illness. Yunfei must choose between being with the woman he now loves, or doing the right thing. Beibei decides to make the choice easier for Yunfei by leaving Shanghai for Singapore with Lizhong. Before Beibei leaves, Yunfei asks Beibei if they can go on being friends through SMS, as they once used to be. In response, Beibei sends a chain text message to an unknown number saying that if anyone receives that message, they must send it to someone whom they care about. Beibei tells Yunfei that she will grant him another chance on one condition: this same text message must eventually come back to Beibei within two years... External links Official Site - Sina Trailer Category:2008 Chinese television series debuts Category:Singapore Chinese dramas Category:Chinese romance television series Category:Mandarin-language television programs Category:China Central Television shows

Sydney South West Area Health Service, abbreviated SSWAHS and known by the corporate name Sydney South West Health, was an area health service charged with the provision of public health services in central and south-western Sydney. It was formed in January 2005 from the amalgamation of the former Central Sydney Area Health Service and the South Western Sydney Area Health Service. It was a statutory body of the New South Wales Government, operating under the NSW Department of Health. The head office of SSWAHS was located in Liverpool. It was disbanded on 1 January 2011 as part of the National Health Reform and creation of Local Hospital Networks, and replaced by the Sydney Local Health District and South Western Sydney Local Health District. Major facilities Eastern Zone The Eastern Zone of SSWAHS comprised the facilities of the former Central Sydney Area Health Service. Major facilities in the Eastern Zone were: Canterbury Hospital, Canterbury Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown Concord Centre for Mental Health, Concord (Sydney South West Area Mental Health Service) Sydney Dental Hospital, Surry Hills Balmain Hospital, Balmain Western Zone The Western Zone of SSWAHS comprised the facilities of the former South Western Sydney Area Health Service. Major facilities in the Western Zone were: Bankstown Lidcombe Hospital, Bankstown Camden Hospital, Camden Campbelltown Hospital, Campbelltown Fairfield Hospital, Fairfield Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool Bowral Hospital, Bowral See also List of hospitals in Australia External links Sydney South West Area Health Service website Sydney Local Health District website South Western Sydney Local Health District website References Category:Government agencies of New South Wales Category:Healthcare in Sydney

My Heart is the 29th and final studio album by Doris Day, released on September 5, 2011. On September 11, 2011 the album entered the UK chart at number nine, making Doris Day, at age 89, the oldest artist to score a UK Top 10 with an album featuring new material. Eight of the songs are new releases, with three of them written by Day's son Terry Melcher, and Bruce Johnston. Many of the songs on this collection were recorded in the mid-1980s for her Doris Day's Best Friends television show. The songs were meant to be used as background music for segments featuring Doris and the animals. When the original recordings were retrieved, it was decided that they should be released after being remixed for superior sound quality. "My One and Only Love" had been issued on Day's 1962 album with André Previn, Duet, "Life Is Just a Bowl of Cherries" had been issued on The Love Album (1994), "My Buddy" had been issued on I'll See You in My Dreams (1951) and "Ohio" was issued first on 1960s Show Time. The track "My Heart" was first heard in the 1993 PBS special Doris Day: A Sentimental Journey. It played over the closing credits as Doris was seen walking with her grandson on the beach. My Heart was released on December 2, 2011 in the U.S. It was Day's first entry on the Billboard 200 albums chart in 47 years, debuting at #135. The U.S. release includes an exclusive bonus track, Stewball, a folk song about a racehorse. Doris selected this song personally for Stateside listeners. It is a duet with her late son, Terry Melcher. The CD also includes a song "Happy Endings" with an introduction by Doris Day, but with the main vocal sung by Melcher. Track listing "Hurry, It's Lovely Up Here" (Alan Jay Lerner, Burton Lane) – 2:16 "Daydream" (John Sebastian) – 3:17 "The Way I Dreamed It" (Bruce Johnston, Terry Melcher) – 3:26 "Heaven Tonight" (Bruce Johnston) – 3:23 "My One and Only Love" (Guy Wood, Robert Mellin) – 3:39 "My Heart" (Bruce Johnston, Terry Melcher) – 4:25 "You Are So Beautiful" (Billy Preston, Bruce Fisher) – 2:24 "Life Is Just a Bowl of Cherries" (Ray Henderson, Lew Brown) – 2:55 "Disney Girls" (Bruce Johnston) – 4:32 "Stewball" (on US release only) (Traditional, arranged by Terry Melcher) – 4:08 "My Buddy" (Walter Donaldson, Gus Kahn) – 3:12 "Happy Endings" (Bruce Johnston, Terry Melcher) (intro by Doris Day, sung by Terry Melcher) – 4:26 "Ohio" (Betty Comden, Adolph Green, Leonard Bernstein) – 3:04 Musicians Troy Luccketta – drums James Baker – piano Bob Marinelli – bass guitar James Scott – guitar Charts References Category:2011 albums Category:Albums produced by Terry Melcher Category:Doris Day albums Category:Sony Records albums

Kurattissery is a village in Alappuzha district in the Indian state of Kerala. Demographics At the 2001 India census, Kurattissery had a population of 12256 with 5877 males and 6379 females. References Category:Villages in Alappuzha district

Study of Red Pope 1962. 2nd version 1971 is a 1971 painting by Francis Bacon. It failed to sell at auction in October 2017 with an estimate of £60-80 million. It had not been on public display for 45 years until viewings for its 2017 auction. It is a reinterpretation of his 1962 painting Study from Innocent X. Bacon's lover George Dyer is portrayed in the right side of the painting. The work was shown at the 1971 retrospective of Bacon's work at the Grand Palais. The juxtaposition of the two figures has been likened to a devotional diptych, Christie's described as "icons of the spirit and the flesh — the sacred and profane". References Category:1971 paintings Category:Paintings by Francis Bacon Category:Portraits of popes

Sharon Jones & the Dap-Kings were an American funk and soul band signed to Daptone Records. They were part of a revivalist movement recreating mid-1960s to mid-1970s style funk and soul music. In December 2014, the band was nominated for a Grammy, in the category Best R&B Album of the Year for Give the People What They Want. Sharon Jones died in 2016, with the band releasing the posthumous final album Soul of a Woman in 2017. Her backing band have since performed together live and worked with other artists. Desco: the early years In the mid-1990s, Philip Lehman and Gabriel Roth (aka Bosco Mann) founded a band called the Soul Providers, and began recording an album of James Brown-inspired instrumentals and vocal collaborations with deep funk recording artist Lee Fields. After hearing Sharon Jones, a former corrections officer turned singer, record backing vocals for a Fields track, Lehman and Roth recorded a solo track of Jones singing "Switchblade", a song which had been intended for a man's voice. This track along with another Jones solo, "The Landlord", were included on the Soul Providers debut album Soul Tequila, released in about 1996 on the now-defunct French label Pure Records. Lehman and Roth then started a new label in Brooklyn, New York called Desco Records, with a studio and distribution office in the basement of the Desco vacuum cleaner store on West 41st Street. They reissued Soul Tequila as a vinyl-only LP and renamed Gimme the Paw, and included only one of the Jones collaborations, "Switchblade". Desco showcased its artists with revue-style shows and released their music on vinyl 45-rpm records. Jones, backed by the Soul Providers who had become the Desco house band, released three 45s for the label. Recording dates were deliberately omitted from the labels and the records were often marketed as being released in the 1970s. Two other Soul Providers albums were released, an instrumental soundtrack to a Sam Lung kung-fu film, The Revenge of Mr Mopoji, credited to Mike Jackson and the Soul Providers, and a solo album by Lee Fields, Let's Get a Groove On, for which the Soul Providers provided the backing. Daptone: a new label and the birth of the Dap-Kings In 2000 Lehman and Roth decided to part ways, and the Soul Providers disbanded. Lehman set up Soul Fire Records; Roth started Daptone Records with Sugarman 3 saxophonist Neal Sugarman. A new group, the Dap-Kings, was formed, consisting of label owners Roth on bass and Neal Sugarman on saxophone, plus original Soul Providers: guitarist Binky Griptite, organist Earl Maxton, percussionist Fernando Velez and trumpeter Anda Szilagyi. Joining them were original members of the Mighty Imperials whose album, Thunder Chicken, was the last release on the Desco label: tenor saxophonist Leon Michels and drummer Homer Steinweiss. The band secured a summer residency at The Boite, a club in Barcelona, Spain, and recorded an LP, Dap Dippin' with Sharon Jones and the Dap-Kings in 2001. A few hundred copies were pressed, so that sales during the residency would provide financial support for what would have otherwise been a financially draining trip. Promotional copies were sent to funk DJs and reviewers, and the album was officially released as the first LP and CD on Daptone Records in 2002, and attracted an enthusiastic review from quarterly hip-hop and funk magazine Big Daddy. Following the album, three 45s not on the album were also released: "What If We all Stopped Paying Taxes", released in 2002 just ahead of the U.S. Election, was a militant anti-war statement denouncing the Iraq War. "Genuine (parts 1 & 2" (2004) was a hard funk record. Their cover of "Just Dropped In (To See What Condition My Condition Was In)", released in 2005, was recorded for a KFC commercial in 2002 but was never used. Personnel changes About this time Maxton and Szilagyi left the band to become members of Antibalas, a New York-based afrobeat band. Trumpeter David Guy and guitarist Thomas Brenneck joined in their stead. In 2003 the Daptone Recording Studio, with a sixteen track analog tape machine, was open for business. The band intended to record two albums back-to-back, but during the final sessions of the first of these albums, Roth suffered serious eye injuries in a car crash, and only one LP and CD, Naturally, was released in 2005. This album included a mix of both soul and funk influences; the production and recording values were crisper than the slightly duller "scratchy 45" sound of the first album. The band embarked on an international promotional tour. Michels left the band soon after the release of Naturally to help start a new label, Truth & Soul Records, and released a solo LP that was originally intended for Daptone, Sounding Out the City, credited to El Michels Affair. When Lehman closed the Soul Fire label and moved to the Bahamas, the back catalog of Soul Fire was handled by Truth & Soul Records who, along with Soul Fire, used many of the same artists in their recordings, including Lee Fields, Homer Steinweiss, Thomas Brenneck and Michels himself. The Dap-kings took on Ian Hendrickson-Smith, a local saxophone player who had released several jazz albums under his own name. In late 2006, the band recorded a third studio album, 100 Days, 100 Nights. A non-album funk-style single, "I'm Not Gonna Cry", was released in April 2007, and the album was released in October along with two B Sides or Bonus Tracks: "Settlin' In" and "The Collection Song". Further albums included I Learned the Hard Way (2010), Give the People What They Want (2014), and the holiday release It's a Holiday Soul Party. Also in 2014, Jones and her band performed at the Hamilton, Ontario Supercrawl. A film about Jones' battle with pancreatic cancer was released in 2016, with a soundtrack compilation. Jones died on November 18, 2016 at the age of 60. No specific announcement has been made regarding the band's future; however, the Dap-Kings have subsequently performed at the 59th Annual Grammy Awards in 2017 and were the house band for Joe's Pub Presents: A Holiday Special which taped in November, 2016. Collaborations Six of the tracks on Amy Winehouse's 2006 album Back to Black feature various members of the Dap-Kings, including two hits from the album, "Rehab" and "You Know I'm No Good". Several tracks recorded at Daptone Studios are mis-credited as "Dapking Studios". Various members of the band feature on all but one of the track on Mark Ronson's second album, Version (2007). The Dap-Kings became the backing band for Amy Winehouse's first U.S. tour. In 2007 the Dap-Kings worked with British singer Ben Westbeech to record a new version of his song "So Good Today". Jones lends her vocals on one song "The Way We Lived", on Wax Tailor's second album Hope & Sorrow, released in April 2007. Jones is also featured on releases by They Might Be Giants (The Else) and Rufus Wainwright (Release the Stars). Jones contributed six period numbers by Bessie Smith and others to the soundtrack for the film The Great Debaters, recorded in the Ardent Studio in Memphis. Jones is also a featured on the Verve Records Baby Loves Jazz books/CDs and has had character books published by Penguin Books in conjunction with the series, entitled Ella the Elephant: Scats Like That. Sharon Jones and the Dap-Kings are featured on Michael Bublé's 2009 album, Crazy Love, in the track "Baby (You've got what it takes)". In the fall of 2009 Sharon Jones and David Guy appeared with Phish for their musical costume at Phish's Festival 8 in Indio California, where they covered the Rolling Stones' Exile on Main St.. The Dap-Kings horn section backed the Heavy in a 2010 appearance on the Late Show with David Letterman, and they appeared with Muse on Saturday Night Live in 2012, providing support during their performance of Panic Station. The Dap-Kings appear on the 2012 David Byrne and St. Vincent collaboration Love This Giant. Dap-Kings drummer Homer Steinwess appears on St. Vincent's self-titled fifth album. In 2014, the Dap-Kings horn section collaborated with the Antibalas horn section, Mark Ronson, and Bruno Mars to record Uptown Funk and other tracks from Mark Ronson's 2015 album Uptown Special. They also performed Uptown Funk together on Saturday Night Live in November 2014. In February 2017, the Dap-Kings served as the backing band for country musician Sturgill Simpson's performance of his song "All Around You" at the 59th Annual Grammy Awards. In July 2017, it was revealed that the Dap-Kings Horns collaborated with Kesha on her song "Woman", from her album Rainbow. Use in advertisements In 2006, Sharon Jones & the Dap-Kings were featured in an I Love NY commercial directed by Kurt Lustgarten and set to their cover of Woody Guthrie's "This Land Is Your Land". The band's cover of Stevie Wonder's "Uptight (Everything's Alright)" appeared in a Chase Manhattan Bank commercial that same year. In Australia, their song "Got a Thing on my Mind" featured in a 2005 commercial for Cadbury's Boost Chocolate bar. In 2008 Sharon Jones & the Dap-Kings worked with Tropicana on a song promoting Tropicana orange juice, titled "Sweet & Lovely." Ziggy Marley and Bebel Gilberto were featured in similar projects. In 2015, the song "100 Days, 100 Nights" was used in a FitBit commercial. In 2016, Sharon Jones and the Dap-Kings appeared in a video covering the Allman Brothers song "Midnight Rider" for Lincoln Motors. Soundtrack Sharon Jones & the Dap-Kings' cover of Woody Guthrie's "This Land Is Your Land", from the album Naturally, plays over the opening credits of the 2009 film, Up in the Air. The song is also the first track on the Up in the Air soundtrack album. The same cover plays over the end credits of both the 2007 film Dark Matter and the How to Make It in America episode "Paper, Denim + Dollars." The same cover plays over the end credits of Ken Burns' documentary film Jackie Robinson. "How Long Do I Have to Wait for You?" was featured in the first season for the television series Hung and included on the soundtrack album. "Longer And Stronger", a previously unreleased track, also made an appearance on the For Colored Girls: Music From and Inspired by the Original Motion Picture Soundtrack in 2010. "Money", "The Reason", and "Keep On Looking" are used in the video game Sleeping Dogs, which was released in August 2012. The songs can be heard on an in-game radio station called "Daptone Radio". In the 2011 movie Henry's Crime, the songs "Answer Me", "100 Days 100 Nights", "Got a Thing On My Mind", "Stranded in Your Love", "Be Easy", and "Let Them Knock" were featured in the film. The band appeared in the 2013 movie The Wolf of Wall Street. They also appear performing "100 Days 100 Nights" at the end of the 13th episode of Netflix's Luke Cage. Discography Albums Dap Dippin' with Sharon Jones and the Dap-Kings (2002) Naturally (2005) 100 Days, 100 Nights (2007) I Learned the Hard Way (2010) Soul Time! (UK compilation, 2011) Give the People What They Want (2014) It's a Holiday Soul Party (2015) Miss Sharon Jones! (soundtrack/compilation, 2016) Soul of a Woman (2017) References External links "100 Days, 100 Nights" music video on YouTube Interview with Sharon Jones and the Dap Kings on kevchino.com Category:American soul musical groups Category:American funk musical groups Category:Musical groups from Brooklyn Category:Musical groups established in 1996 Category:Daptone Records artists Category:1996 establishments in New York (state)

Alex Dea is an American composer. Life and work Alex Dea was trained in Western classical music and received a Ph.D. in Ethnomusicology from Wesleyan University, with a specialty in Javanese gamelan music. He was a performer in La Monte Young's experimental music group Theatre of Eternal Music. Other mentors include prominent avant-garde composers Terry Riley and Robert Ashley. He has also studied the musics of Africa and Japan – and studied raga with the Hindustani master Pandit Pran Nath. Dea recently works in the gamelan form. One of his gamelan compositions, In Pelog, is the result of his collaboration with Prof. Dr. Sumarsan, an Indonesian teaching at Wesleyan University. Footnotes References Potter, Keith (2000). Four Musical Minimalists: La Monte Young, Terry Riley, Steve Reich, Philip Glass. Music in the Twentieth Century series. Cambridge, UK; New York, New York: Cambridge University Press. Category:Living people Category:20th-century classical composers Category:Minimalist composers Category:Experimental composers Category:Postmodern composers Category:American male classical composers Category:American classical composers Category:21st-century classical composers Category:Just intonation composers Category:Contemporary classical music performers Category:Pupils of Pran Nath (musician) Category:Year of birth missing (living people) Category:Place of birth missing (living people) Category:Wesleyan University alumni Category:21st-century American composers Category:20th-century American composers Category:20th-century American male musicians Category:21st-century American male musicians

Fluminense Futebol Clube, commonly known as Fluminense, is a Brazilian football club based in Araguari, Minas Gerais state. History The club was founded on January 10, 1942, adopting the same name, kits and colors as Fluminense Football Club of Rio de Janeiro city. Stadium Fluminense Futebol Clube play their home games at Estádio Sebastião César. The stadium has a maximum capacity of 8,000 people. References Category:Association football clubs established in 1942 Category:Football clubs in Minas Gerais Category:1942 establishments in Brazil

Adam Nowell (born 3 July 1984 in Liverpool, England) is a British professional basketball player, currently playing for Everton Tigers in the British Basketball League. Nowell is an exceptionally quick player and his vertical leap is reputed to be upwards of 38 inches. He has a 40-yard dash time of 4.4 seconds and is perhaps most famous for dunking over Liverpool basketball legend Ken Chendo in 2003. Adam states Magic Johnson and Isiah Thomas as his favourite Basketball players. External links Profile on the Toxteth Tigers website Category:1984 births Category:Living people Category:Mersey Tigers players Category:English men's basketball players Category:Sportspeople from Liverpool

Jagdgeschwader 3 (JG 3) "Udet" was a Luftwaffe fighter-wing of World War II. The Geschwader operated on all the German fronts in the European Theatre of World War II. It was named after Ernst Udet in 1942. History 1940 Jagdschwader 3 "Udet" was formed on 1 May 1939 in Bernburg/Saale from JG 231. JG 3 was one of the Luftwaffe'''s fighter units that took part in the Battle of France. A particularly fruitful period over France occurred from 14–17 May 1940. Allied sorties over the area of German advance had attempted to prevent the German armour from crossing the Meuse and sent waves of inadequately protected bombers to do the job. As a result, 90 Allied bombers were shot down and the 14 May became known as the "day of the fighters" within the Luftwaffe. I./JG 3 destroyed seven fighters without loss on this day. On 15 May five were destroyed, again for no losses. On 17 May an entire formation of 13 Bristol Blenheims were shot down by I./JG 3. A total of 19 Allied aircraft were shot down by I./JG 3 alone on that day. The unit claimed some 179 aircraft shot down. Oberleutnant Lothar Keller was top claimant with 10 kills, and I./JG 3 Gruppenkommandeur Maj. Günther Lützow scored 9. I./JG3 was the most successful Gruppe, with 88 enemy aircraft destroyed for ten Bf 109s lost while six pilots were killed and one wounded. JG 3 later flew intensively in the Battle of Britain. On 21 August 1940, Oberstleutnant Lützow was appointed Kommodore of JG 3. He recorded 8 more victories during the aerial battles over England. Lützow was awarded the Ritterkreuz (Knights Cross) on 18 September. By the end of 1940 its most successful pilots were Oblt. Erwin Neuerberg (11 claims) and Lt Helmut Meckel (9 claims). The Geschwader lost some 51 pilots killed or POW July–December 1940. I Gruppe alone had destroyed exactly 50 enemy machines, but in exchange of 32 Messerschmitts of which 20 were lost to enemy action. Ten pilots were killed or missing while a further 11 were captured. 1941 The Geschwader took part in Operation Barbarossa from 22 June 1941 onwards, and during the offensive against the Soviets JG 3 claimed its 1,000th aircraft destroyed on 30 August. Lützow became the second Experte to achieve 100 victories when he downed three Russian fighters near Moscow on 24 October. Lützow was then grounded. On 27 June 1941, Hauptmann Gordon Gollob was made Gruppenkommandeur II./JG 3, following the mid-air collision death of Hauptman Lothar Keller. He claimed 18 victories in August and achieved 37 victories in October, including 9 aircraft shot down over the Perekop Isthmus on 18 October and 6 aircraft on 22 October. He was awarded the Eichenlaub (Oak Leaves) on 26 October for 85 victories. He led II./JG 3 until November 1941. In the period 22 June – 5 December 1941, the unit destroyed 1,298 Soviet aircraft in return for 58 losses in aerial combat and losing 10 aircraft on the ground. II./JG 3, under the command of Captain Karl-Heinz Krahl was transferred to Comiso on Sicily in January 1942 to bolster JG 53 and the Regia Aeronautica which were carrying out sustained attacks against Malta. At this time the unit was equipped with Bf 109F-4 Trops. At the end of April II Gruppe departed Sicily for a brief stay in Germany before being redeployed to the Eastern front. 1942 In mid-September, I./JG 3 were ordered back to Germany for rest and refit. However, a number of I. Gruppe pilots remained in Russia serving with III./JG 3. After refitting with Bf 109F-4 fighters, I./JG 3 was ordered to relocate to bases in the Netherlands in December 1941. On 6 January 1942, it became II./JG 1, with a new I. Gruppe being raised. By early 1942, JG 3 was awarded the honour name "Udet" (after Ernst Udet) and was then often simply referred as "Jagdgeschwader Udet" thereafter. In May 1942, Lützow led most of JG 3 back to Russia and commenced operations in the Kharkiv area. There followed intensive operations through the Crimea, and in the drive towards Stalingrad. Again JG 3 was one of the Luftwaffe's top units, fighting on the Southern Front, reaching 2,000 claims on 28 May 1942. On 12 August, Major Wolf-Dietrich Wilcke was appointed Kommodore of JG 3. In June 1942 II Gruppe was transferred back to the East, where it joined in the advance on the Stalingrad front, suffering heavy losses. During the Battle of Stalingrad, Stab./JG 3 were based at Pitomnik Airfield, where Wilcke directed all day fighter operations over the city. During the summer offensive of 1942 the Geschwaderstab/JG 3 recorded 137 victories, of which Wilcke claimed 97. When Russian forces encircled Stalingrad, the Geschwaderstab/JG 3 was transferred to Morozovskaya-Öst, outside the pocket. In mid-November 1942 JG 3 then provided the famous Platzschutzstaffel (airfield defence squadron) which defended the besieged 6th Army in Stalingrad until late 1942. On a rotational basis up to six volunteer pilots drawn from I and II./JG 3 formed a defence Staffel within the rapidly contracting Stalingrad perimeter. Their purpose was to cover the Junkers Ju 52 transports flying supplies into Pitomik airfield and to protect the aircraft while on the ground. Despite often only having 2 or 3 Bf 109's serviceable, in the last 6 weeks of the siege (until mid January) claimed some 130 Soviet aircraft shot down. In return JG 3 lost 90-victory experte Leut. Georg Schentke over the city on 25 December 1942. In mid-January the pilots were ordered to fly out of the pocket and rejoin their parent unit, although some thirty ground crew remaining became prisoners when the city surrendered to the Soviets on 2 February 1943. 1943 II./JG 3 was relocated to the Kuban bridgehead in February 1943. Oblt. Wolf-Udo Ettel proved the 'star' of JG 3 around this time, claiming 28 kills in March 1943, 36 in April, and 20 in May. Intensive operations around the Kerch peninsula followed in April. In July 1943 II./JG 3 and III./JG 3 at this time were part of Luftlotte 4 and flew in Operation Zitadelle, the tank offensive launched around the Kursk salient. On 5 July 1943 alone, II./JG 3 claimed 77 Soviet aircraft from a total claimed of 432, Oblt. Joachim Kirschner claiming 9 kills and Gruppenkommandeur Hpt. Kurt Brändle claiming 5. As Allied air operations over Germany increased during mid 1943 each of the gruppen of JG 3 were in turn recalled to Germany to defend the homeland on so called Reichsverteidigung ("Defense of the Reich") duty. I. /JG 3 moved back to Germany in April 1943, but did not go operational until June 1943. Equipped with the new Bf 109G-6 Kanonenboote with two 20mm cannons in underwing gondolas, I./JG 3 were slowly worked up as a 'bomber-killer' unit. This long training period paid dividends as the gruppe started to shoot down impressive numbers of USAAF bombers without the heavy losses incurred by many Jagdgeschwadern thrown into the battle with less preparation. Lt. Franz Schwaiger was by this time I./JG 3's current top scorer with 56 claims. By late summer 1943 III./JG3 were also flying the Bf 109G-6 and Bf 109G-6/R6. On its return to Germany, the Stab/JG 3 was based at Mönchengladbach. On 4 December 1943 Hpt. Wilhelm Lemke (131 kills) was killed in combat with P-47s of the 352nd Fighter Group. As with most fighter units operating over Germany and occupied Europe, JG 3 suffered heavy losses through early 1944 against the increasing numbers of USAAF escort fighters, losing many of its experienced personnel and commanders. Wilcke was shot down and killed by fighters of the 4th Fighter Group. Wilcke's successor as commander of JG 3 was Major Friedrich-Karl "Tutti" Müller, the CO of IV. /JG 3. He was killed in a landing accident at Salzwedel on 29 May 1944. 1944 With the increased pressure caused by the American bombing raids against targets in Germany through late 1943 and early 1944, a new method of attacking the bombers was proposed for specially armoured fighters to get in as close to the bombers as possible before opening fire, even (as a last resort) deliberately ramming the bomber. A special Staffel was formed to test the tactical viability. Sturmstaffel 1 was the first experimental unit to fly the so-called Sturmböcke (Battering Ram) up-gunned Focke-Wulf Fw 190A aircraft, and was attached to JG 3, following the general demise of the Zerstörergruppen as bomber destroyers earlier in 1944. The Sturmstaffel was expanded into a specialised bomber 'killer' Gruppen, IV./JG 3, led by Hauptmann Wilhelm Moritz. Sturmstaffel 1 was redesignated 11./JG 3 in May 1944. On 7 July 1944 a force of 1,129 B-17 Flying Fortresses and B-24 Liberators of the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) Eighth Air Force set out from England to bomb aircraft factories in the Leipzig area and the synthetic oil plants at Boehlen, Leuna-Merseburg and Lützkendorf. This formation was intercepted by a German Gefechtsverband composed of IV.(Sturm) / JG 3 escorted by two Gruppen of Bf l09s from Jagdgeschwader 300 led by Major Walther Dahl. Dahl drove the attack to point-blank range behind the Liberators of the 492nd Bomb Group before opening fire. 492nd Bomb Group was temporarily without fighter cover. Within about a minute the entire squadron of twelve B-24s had been destroyed. The USAAF 2nd Air Division lost 28 Liberators that day, the majority to the Sturmgruppe attack. IV./JG 3 lost nine fighters shot down and three more suffered damage and made crash landings; five of the unit's pilots were killed. II./JG 3 and III./JG 3 were thrown into the Operation Overlord air battles over the Normandy beach-head in June 1944, and, with the other 23 Gruppen committed were decimated by the hordes of Allied fighters present. On 10 August, 10.(Sturm)/JG 3 was renamed 13.(Sturm)/JG 3. On 16 August 1944, 13./JG 3 Staffelkaptän Oblt. Ekkehard Tichy (25 kills) was killed when he rammed a B-17; Tichy had lost an eye a year earlier but had continued flying combat missions. By 5 September 1944, when the Gruppe was withdrawn from the battle, III./JG 3 alone had lost a staggering 56 pilots killed or missing, 23 wounded and 4 POW, while claiming some 54 Allied aircraft shot down. Just the Gruppenkommandeur, 3 Staffelkapitäne and 4 replacement pilots had survived the three months over the invasion front. On 2 November the two Sturmgruppen of IV./JG 3 and II./JG 4 successfully intercepted American bomber formations near Leipzig. IV./JG 3 attacked the 91st Bomb Group and claimed 13 Fortresses, including two by ramming, while II./JG 4 claimed nine Fortresses from the 457th Bomb Group. The fighter escorts cost JG 3 15 out of their 39 Sturmböcke aircraft, and JG 4 lost 16 out of 22 committed. II./JG 3 on the same day was much less successful when scrambled with other Gruppen to intercept American raids against oil plants in Merseburg. Its Bf 109s ran into the more than 209 P-51 Mustangs of the 20th, 352nd, 359th and 364th Fighter groups which escorted the 1st Bombardment Division. II./JG 3 lost 23 Bf 109s and claimed only three Mustangs and a B-17 shot down. On 5 December 1944, Major Moritz was relieved from command of IV./ JG 3 due to a complete nervous breakdown. 1945 In November 1944 II./JG 3 was separated from the Geschwader in order to re-equip with the Me 262 jet fighter and become part of the first jet fighter Geschwader, Jagdgeschwader 7. A newly formed II./JG 3 was raised from a former bomber unit at the end of 1944; this new Gruppe was transferred to the East in early 1945 to counter the Soviet air offensive. During Operation Bodenplatte, the massed attack on Allied airfields on 1 January 1945, Jagdschwader 3 was one of the few German fighter units to carry out their operations successfully despite fielding the smallest German force that day. The 22 Fw 190s committed destroyed 43 Typhoons and Spitfires and damaged 60 more in a 20-minute attack on the 2nd TAF airfield at Eindhoven (JG 3 claimed 116 destroyed). However the loss of 16 pilots was a serious blow to the unit. Six were captured, 6 were killed while four were posted as missing. Six pilots returned, three of them were wounded. Commanding officers See also Organization of the Luftwaffe during World War II References Citations Bibliography Hayward, Joel S. (2001). Stopped at Stalingrad: The Luftwaffe and Hitler's Defeat in the East 1942-1943''. University Press of Kansas. Jagdgeschwader 003 Category:Military units and formations established in 1939 Category:Military units and formations disestablished in 1945 Category:German units at the Battle of Stalingrad

MTV Indonesia Movie Awards (or MIMA) is an awards show in Indonesia which were established in 1995. The show is based on the US MTV Movie Awards format celebrating local film and actors. Host Cities Categories The categories are divided into "Most Favourite" and "Best" subcategories. Among the categories is also a "Lifetime Achievement Award". Most Favourite Most Favourite Movie Most Favourite Actor Most Favorite Actress Most Favourite Supporting Actor Most Favourite Supporting Actress Most Favourite Heart Meltin。g Moment Most Favourite Rising Star Best Best Movie Best Director Best Crying Secene Best Song in the Movie Best Scary Scene Best Running Scene Award winners See also Cinema of Indonesia References External links MTV Asia Official Site Category:Indonesian film awards

Embūte () is a village in the Embūte Parish, Vaiņode Municipality of Latvia. See also Embūte Castle References Category:Latvian airbases Category:Soviet Air Force bases Category:Soviet Air Defence Force bases Category:Aizpute County

United States v. Flores-Montano, 541 U.S. 149 (2004), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held that customs agents may remove the gas tank from a vehicle crossing the international border in an effort to look for contraband. Background Flores-Montano ("Flores") was driving a 1987 Ford Taurus station wagon as he attempted to enter the United States through the port of entry at Otay Mesa, California. A customs inspector referred the vehicle to secondary inspection, where a second inspector tapped the gas tank and noticed it sounded solid. The second inspector summoned a mechanic who, less than half an hour later, arrived and removed the gas tank from the car. The mechanic then removed an access plate from the tank and found 37 kilograms of marijuana. The process of removing the gas tank took between 15 and 25 minutes. Flores was indicted in the United States District Court for the Southern District of California for importing marijuana into the United States and for possession of marijuana with intent to distribute it. Relying on Ninth Circuit precedent in effect at the time requiring reasonable suspicion for removal of a gas tank, Flores filed a motion to suppress the marijuana found in his car. Although the Government urged the district court to ignore that precedent, the district court declined to do so and granted Flores's suppression motion. The Ninth Circuit summarily affirmed the granting of the suppression motion, and the Government asked the Supreme Court to review the case. Opinion of the Court In United States v. Montoya de Hernandez, , the Court had said, "Routine searches of the persons and effects of entrants are not subject to any requirement of reasonable suspicion, probable cause, or warrant." The Ninth Circuit interpreted this language to mean that reasonable suspicion was required when government agents sought to conduct an "intrusive" search at the border, including searches involving the removal and dismantling of gas tanks. The Supreme Court rejected this reasoning because "the reasons that might support a requirement of some level of suspicion in the case of highly intrusive searches of the person — dignity and privacy interests of the person being searched — simply do not carry over to vehicles." Accordingly, the Supreme Court found the Ninth Circuit's rule to be inconsistent with the meaning of "reasonableness" under the Fourth Amendment. The Court's ruling in this case rests on the fact that the search at issue in this case took place at the international border. "The Government's interest in preventing the entry of unwanted persons and effects is at its zenith at the international border." In light of the Government's interest in protecting its sovereignty and territorial integrity, "searches made at the border... are reasonable simply by virtue of the fact that they occur at the border." Indeed, the statute authorizing the search in this case derived ultimately from a statute first passed in 1789. Smugglers frequently attempt to penetrate the border, and using vehicle gas tanks is a common tactic. In the five and a half years preceding the decision in this case, 18,788 drug seizures had occurred at the ports of entry in southern California, and of those involving vehicles, 4,619, or 25%, were from gas tanks. In addition, instances of persons smuggled in and around gas tank compartments are discovered at the ports of entry of San Ysidro and Otay Mesa about once ever 10 days. Flores argued he had an expectation of privacy in his gas tank. But the Court pointed out that a reasonable expectation of privacy is diminished at the international border. "It is difficult to imagine how the search of a gas tank, which should be solely a repository for fuel, could be more of an invasion of privacy than the search of the automobile's passenger compartment." Flores also pointed to the potential of a search like the one at issue in this case to cause damage to the vehicle. But the Court replied that the searches are not truly destructive, and that there was not a single accident among the "many thousands of gas tank disassemblies that have occurred at the border." A gas tank search is a brief procedure that can easily be reversed without damaging the vehicle, and if by chance the vehicle were damaged in the process, the owner could sue for damages. See also Border search exception to the Fourth Amendment warrant requirement. List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 541 List of United States Supreme Court cases External links Government's opening brief on the merits Government's reply brief on the merits Amicus brief, Washington Legal Foundation Category:United States Supreme Court cases Category:United States Supreme Court cases of the Rehnquist Court Category:United States Fourth Amendment case law Category:2004 in United States case law

The 2001–02 Cypriot First Division was the 63rd season of the Cypriot top-level football league. APOEL won their 17th title. Format Fourteen teams participated in the 2001–02 Cypriot First Division. All teams played against each other twice, once at their home and once away. The team with the most points at the end of the season crowned champions. The last three teams were relegated to the 2002–03 Cypriot Second Division. The champions ensured their participation in the 2002–03 UEFA Champions League and the runners-up in the 2002–03 UEFA Cup. The teams had to declare their interest to participate in the 2002 UEFA Intertoto Cup before the end of the championship. At the end of the championship, the higher placed team among the interested ones participated in the Intertoto Cup (if they had not secured their participation in any other UEFA competition). Point system Teams received three points for a win, one point for a draw and zero points for a loss. Changes from previous season Nea Salamina, Digenis Morphou and Aris Limassol were relegated from previous season and played in the 2001–02 Cypriot Second Division. They were replaced by the first three teams of the 2000–01 Cypriot Second Division, Alki Larnaca, Ethnikos Assia and Ermis Aradippou. Stadia and locations League standings Results See also Cypriot First Division 2001–02 Cypriot Cup List of top goalscorers in Cypriot First Division by season Cypriot football clubs in European competitions References Sources Category:Cypriot First Division seasons Cyprus Category:2001–02 in Cypriot football

For the present National Forest in Virginia, see Jefferson National Forest Jefferson National Forest in Montana was established by the U.S. Forest Service on July 1, 1908 with from the consolidation of Little Belt, Highwood Mountains, Snowy Mountains and Little Rockies National Forests. On April 8, 1932 the entire forest was transferred to Lewis and Clark National Forest, the name surviving as the Jefferson Division of Lewis and Clark. See also List of Forests in Montana References External links Lewis and Clark National Forest Forest History Society Forest History Society:Listing of the National Forests of the United States Text from Davis, Richard C., ed. Encyclopedia of American Forest and Conservation History. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company for the Forest History Society, 1983. Vol. II, pp. 743-788. Category:Former National Forests of Montana Category:1908 establishments in Montana

Carlo Biagi (; 20 April 1914 – 16 April 1986) was an Italian football player who played as a midfielder. Club career Biagi played club football for Pisa SC. International career Biagi competed in the 1936 Summer Olympics, and was a member of the Italy team which won the gold medal in the football tournament. Honours International Italy Olympic Gold Medal: 1936 References External links profile Category:1914 births Category:1986 deaths Category:Italian footballers Category:Footballers at the 1936 Summer Olympics Category:Olympic footballers of Italy Category:Olympic gold medalists for Italy Category:Italy international footballers Category:Serie A players Category:A.C. Pisa 1909 players Category:A.C. Prato players Category:S.S.C. Napoli players Category:People from Viareggio Category:Olympic medalists in football Category:Medalists at the 1936 Summer Olympics Category:Association football midfielders

The Master is an Australian quiz show that debuted on Seven Network on 16 August 2006. The show was cancelled after its premiere episode. The remaining episodes aired over the non-ratings period in 2006–2007, with the final episode airing on 16 January 2007. Hosted by Mark Beretta, the show had a potential prize of $1,000,000. It was produced by Grant Rule and Seven Melbourne. Format Five players fought out a series of rounds involving general knowledge questions. This was both against each other and the clock, all under the eyes of the Master - Martin Flood - who sat in a chair watching to find the contestants' weaknesses. The player who won earned the right to face the Master for his title and for the prize of $1,000,000. The five played against each other in a series of general knowledge rounds, winning $100 for each correct answer in general knowledge rounds and $200 in "Master's Choice" rounds (where Flood chose the category). Each round lasted for 90 seconds. If a contestant answered incorrectly, he or she was locked out from answering the next question. Players with the lowest score were gradually eliminated until three remained. If at the end of a round, two contestants were on the same score, the Master would choose which contestant to eliminate. After two contestants have been eliminated, there is a round where the three remaining contestants were each subjected to a round of questions on their "preferred category" called the "mean minute". In this round, correct answers worth $100 and incorrect answers result in a deduction of $200. After the "mean minute" round there is another general knowledge round and the contestant with the highest score at the end of that final round won the right to play against the Master. Each eliminated contestant took home what he or she earned in the general knowledge rounds. The winner was given $50,000 to "bet" on their best-of-five questions game with the Master. The contestant could bet either $10,000, $20,000, $30,000, $40,000 or the entire $50,000. If the contestant risked any amount below $50,000, the Master will choose the category of questions to be asked and if the contestant is successful they would win ten times the amount staked. If the contestant bet the entire $50,000 they selected the category of questions and played for $1,000,000 and the chance to become the new Master. If they, however, risked the entire $50,000 and failed, they also lost all the money they had won in the previous rounds, walking away empty-handed. This meant that if a contestant risked less than $50,000, they played for either $100,000, $200,000, $300,000, or $400,000. Ratings Seven boss David Leckie ordered it off air when it rated just 744,000 capital city viewers. The remaining six episodes already recorded aired on Monday at 7.30pm, during the summer non-ratings period. The second episode which screened on 12 December (non-ratings period) rated slightly higher at 839,000 capital city viewers, and the third episode attracted 826,000. See also List of television series cancelled after one episode References External links Seven Network Category:2006 Australian television series debuts Category:2007 Australian television series endings Category:2000s Australian television series Category:Australian game shows Category:2000s Australian game shows Category:English-language television programs Category:Seven Network shows

The Gilbert Colburn House is a historic house at 110–112 Crescent Street in Waltham, Massachusetts. The two-story wood-frame duplex was built c. 1870, and is a nearly intact example of an Italianate house built for Waltham Watch Company workers. The main facade is symmetrical, with a pair of entrances at the center, each with its own ornate scrolled hood. They are flanked by a pair of two-story projecting polygonal bays with apron panels. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989. See also National Register of Historic Places listings in Waltham, Massachusetts References Category:Houses in Waltham, Massachusetts Category:Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Waltham, Massachusetts Category:Italianate architecture in Massachusetts Category:Houses completed in 1870

Red Metal is a war novel, written by Mark Greaney and Rip Rawlings and released on July 16, 2019. Set around late 2020, it features a military conflict between NATO and Russian military forces across two continents, as the latter plots to retake a rare-earth metal mine in East Africa. Red Metal is Greaney’s first stand-alone novel and is Rawlings' debut novel. The book debuted on The New York Times, USA Today and Amazon bestseller's lists. Plot summary Three years ago, Russian forces are forced to relinquish control of a rare-earth mine in Mrima Hill near Mombasa, Kenya. Bitter about the retreat, special forces commander Yuri Borbikov formulates Operation Red Metal, an extensive military strike across Europe with the main objective of retaking the mine. On present day, Russia faces economic strife, which forces president Anatoly Rivkin to authorize Borbikov’s operation to recoup financial losses. A Chinese special forces unit sneaks into Taiwan and assassinates a Taiwanese party leader allied with China. Hackers working for Russian military intelligence (GRU) then engineer a leak involving two military officials assigned to the United States Indo-Pacific Command, disrupting the military leadership in the area. In an effort to deter China from potentially invading Taiwan, the U.S. president gradually sends a large American force to the Pacific, inevitably making way for the Russians to move forward with Operation Red Metal. On Christmas Eve, Russian Su-57 stealth fighter jets simultaneously shut down communications across Europe by launching anti-satellite missiles, as GRU hackers penetrate NATO’s communications relays. The invasion force, led by Colonel General Eduard Sabaneyev, launches a lightning raid by train from Belarus through Poland and into the headquarters of the U.S. African and European Commands in Stuttgart, Germany, as attack tanks lay waste to supply depots and runways, severely crippling NATO’s military might. Russia immediately orders a ceasefire and demands their immediate return to neutral Belarus. Under the guise of a military training exercise with Iran, Colonel General Boris Lazar marches his forces southeast for Oman, where they embark on a heavily guarded flotilla escorted by Iranian container ships west for Djibouti City. Marine lieutenant colonel Dan Connolly, who had been skeptical about the American military buildup in the Pacific in regard to Russian forces, deduces Russia’s plan to retake the mine in Mrima Hill. He presents his case to the vice chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, who sends Connolly to Africa as a Pentagon liaison to a Marine expeditionary unit assigned to the mine. In Europe, Poland violates the ceasefire by staging an ambush on the Russian invasion force in transit along the area. Polish F-16s fire cruise missiles on several bridges along the Oder River, forcing the Russians into a pitched battle with the civilian militia in the streets of Wrocław. Mistaking them as being allied with the Poles, Russians then fire on American Abrams tanks escorting their convoy as part of the ceasefire agreement. The U.S. president orders the remaining American tanks to fire on their Russian counterparts, and later convinces the president of Taiwan to postpone the country’s upcoming elections in order to forestall an imminent Chinese invasion and therefore provide more firepower in Africa. Upon arriving at the port of Djibouti City, Lazar’s flotilla comes under attack from the , destroying oil tankers and rendering his tanks useless. Nevertheless, Lazar, accompanied by Borbikov, presses on and marches his forces south for the mine. Meanwhile, Connolly arrives in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania and moves south to Mrima Hill to hastily coordinate a defense of the mine, with additional help from a French special forces unit. American A-10 jets attack the Russian attack train in Poland, forcing Sabaneyev to move out the rest of his forces in tanks. They eventually reach Belarus, where Sabaneyev decides to ambush the American and German tanks pursuing them from behind, confident that they wouldn’t invade Russian territory. To his surprise, lieutenant colonel Tom Grant, the leader of the American and German artillery coalition, decides to pursue them inside Belarus, eventually capturing Sabaneyev. In Kenya, Lazar and his forces arrive at the mine and start gradually obliterating American defenses. However, his artillery gets destroyed by cruise missiles from the USS John Warner. French special forces and Marines then stage a second assault by ambushing Russian forces in one flank, creating a diversion for the Americans to pound the Russian infantry on the other flanks. Assuming that Lazar was killed, Borbikov takes command and prepares to shell the mine with nuclear-tipped artillery shells as a last resort. Lazar storms in and takes him into custody, and later orders a ceasefire on the conflict. Rivkin is ousted from office by the Duma, as Sabaneyev is tried for war crimes by the International Criminal Court. Presidential elections in Taiwan continue over the objections of the Chinese government, and the Chinese military prepares for an invasion of the country. Characters United States military Colonel Ken Caster (USMC): Commander, Regimental Combat Team 5 Lieutenant Darnell Chandler (U.S. Army): Assistant maintenance officer, 37th Armor Regiment Lieutenant Colonel Dan Connolly (USMC): infantry officer, assigned to the Pentagon. Former commander of 3rd Battalion, 2nd Marines; former platoon commander with 3/5 Commander Diana DelVecchio (U.S. Navy): Captain, Lieutenant Sandra “Glitter” Glisson (U.S. Army): Apache pilot Lieutenant Colonel Tom Grant (U.S. Army): tank logistics and maintenance officer; interim commander, 37th Armor Regiment, deployed to Grafenwöhr, Germany Major Bob Griggs (U.S. Army): Infantry and Ranger officer; Army infantryman, Ranger tab; on assignment to the Joint Staff Office for Strategy, Plans & Policy (J5). Lieutenant Colonel Eric McHale (USMC): Operations officer, RCT-5 Captain Brad Spillane (U.S. Army): Interim operations officer, 37th Armor Regiment Captain Raymond “Shank” Vance (USAF): A-10 pilot The Russians Colonel Yuri Vladimirovich Borbikov: Russian Federation special forces commander Colonel Danilo Dryagin: Russian Federation infantry commander Captain Georg Etush: Submarine commander, Kazan (K-561) Colonel Dmitry Kir: Chief of staff and de facto chief of operations for Colonel General Boris Lazar Colonel General Boris Lazar: Russian Federation colonel general President Anatoly Rivkin: President of the Russian Federation Colonel General Eduard Sabaneyev: Russian Federation colonel general Colonel Feliks Smirnov: Deputy commanding officer to Colonel General Sabaneyev Colonel Ivan Zolotov: Russian Air Force Su-57 pilot, Red Talon Squadron Other characters Captain Apollo Arc-Blanchette: French special forces officer, 13th Parachute Dragoon Regiment Pascal Arc-Blanchette: Officer in Direction Générale de la Sécurité Extérieure (DGSE), the French foreign intelligence agency; Captain Apollo Arc-Blanchette’s father Captain Chen Min Jun: Chinese special forces officer Dr. Nik Melanopolis: Analyst, National Security Agency Major Blaz Ott: German Bundeswehr armor maintenance officer Paulina Tobiasz: Polish Civilian Militia member Development In researching for the novel, Greaney and Rawlings flew to Poland, Germany and France. They met up with Brigadier General Klaus Feldmann, the last German armored brigade commander before reforms reduced the size of the German tank corps. They met with a French special forces commander in Paris from the 13th Parachute Dragoon Regiment, and spent a day aboard the USS John Warner (SSN-785), a nuclear powered Virginia-class attack submarine of the United States Navy. Both flew to Nellis Air Force Base where they spent two days at the USAF tactical fighter center for the US A-10 Thunderbolt II learning flight tactics, each night meeting the officers off duty in the "Hog-Trough", the squadron's famed bar. In addition, Greaney and Rawlings acknowledge over a dozen other personal, military service-members they contacted to gain information to write the novel. Reception Commercial The novel debuted at number fifteen and Hardcover Fiction categories of the New York Times bestseller list for the week of August 4th, 2019, making it Greaney's second NYT bestseller for the year of 2019. In addition, it debuted on the USA Today Best Selling Books list for the week of 4 August, 2019. Red Metal achieved the Amazon Chart rating for the week of 21 July, 2019. Apple Books listed Red Metal in sixth place for Mysteries & Thriller Bestsellers on July 21, 2019. Critical Publishers Weekly gave the book a Starred Review, praising the book as "The various battles—fought on land, sea, and in the air—are exciting, realistic, and technically detailed, complete with the high emotions experienced by the combatants. As in the best of this genre, there are no cartoon villains, just dedicated warriors who are given a mission and are determined to carry it out. This is powerful material, required reading for anyone interested in modern warfare." In November of 2019, they selected Red Metal as one of the "Best Books of 2019" in the Thriller/Mystery category. Kirkus Reviews wrote, "Readers will be humming "The Marines’ Hymn” after finishing this paean to the U.S. Marines. Hoorah! As with all of Greaney’s work, this is a fun read. If only all our wars were fiction." Thriller novel reviewer The Real Book Spy stated that "While it’s already drawn comparisons to Tom Clancy’s Red Storm Rising (1986), Red Metal boasts even more action and tension, reading like a modern-day Game of Thrones (without the dragons and White Walkers), as individuals go all-in fighting for their cause—often with little regard for the rest of the world. Much like George R.R. Martin’s epic fantasy saga, Greaney and Rawlings rely more on their characters to drive the story than the explosions, gunfights, and eye-candy, of which there is still plenty. The wargaming is impressive to be sure, but it all works as well as it does because the characters are so well fleshed out, and the conflict so perfectly captured." References Category:2019 American novels Category:American thriller novels

The Senior men's race at the 1988 IAAF World Cross Country Championships was held in Auckland, New Zealand, at the Ellerslie Racecourse on March 26, 1988. A report on the event was given in the Glasgow Herald. Complete results, medallists, and the results of British athletes were published. Race results Senior men's race (12 km) Individual Teams Note: Athletes in parentheses did not score for the team result Participation An unofficial count yields the participation of 204 athletes from 35 countries in the Senior men's race, two athletes less than the official number published. (8) (2) (3) (9) (6) (6) (8) (2) (3) (7) (9) (8) (6) (9) (2) (7) (7) (1) (9) (8) (9) (1) (6) (9) (6) (9) (9) (4) (2) (9) (9) (1) (2) (6) (2) See also 1988 IAAF World Cross Country Championships – Junior men's race 1988 IAAF World Cross Country Championships – Senior women's race References IAAF World Cross Country Championships Category:Senior men's race at the World Athletics Cross Country Championships

Biłgoraj is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Kleszczów, within Bełchatów County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. References Category:Villages in Bełchatów County

58 Aquarii, abbreviated 58 Aqr, is a star in the constellation of Aquarius. 58 Aquarii is its Flamsteed designation. It is a sixth magnitude star with an apparent visual magnitude of 6.39, which means it is a challenge to view with the naked eye. Based upon an annual parallax shift of , it is located 243 light years from the Sun. This has been identified as a visual binary system with an orbital period of in a circular orbit (eccentricity of zero). The primary component has a stellar classification of A9/F0 V, matching a main sequence star with a spectrum showing mixed traits of an A/F-type. (Cowley and Fraquelli [1974] has previously assigned it a giant star class of A8 III.) It is a chemically peculiar Am star, showing metallic lines with no magnetic field. The star has 1.7 times the mass of the Sun and 2.1 times the Sun's radius. It is radiating 12 times the Sun's luminosity from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 7,477 K. References Category:A-type main-sequence stars Category:F-type main-sequence stars Category:A-type giants Category:Am stars Category:Binary stars Category:Aquarius (constellation) Category:Durchmusterung objects Aquarii, 058 213464 111200 8583

"Australiana" is a spoken-word comedy single by Austen Tayshus, written by Billy Birmingham and recorded live at The Comedy Store, Sydney, in 1983. It was only available on 12″. It is Australia's best-selling single ever and was the No. 1 single in Australia in 1983 for eight weeks, seven of them consecutive. The single was banned in Victoria for a week, due to the B-side "The Comedy Commando". This led to a gap between the record's first number one placing (15 August) and its seven-week run at the number one spot (5 September – 17 October). The single was rereleased on CD in 2003 (EMI 7243 5 52755 0 9), containing the A-side and the video for the A-side, but not the original B-side. Sketch structure The sketch is built on extensive sets of equivocations that form puns relating to Australian place names and icons, for example: My mate, Boomer, rang. Will Walla be there? Vegie might come. Let's go, Anna. Only if Din goes. Nulla bores me. Speak ill of Warra. Ayers rocks in. Alice springs into action. Thanks, Warra, ta. Has Eucum been in? Wait until Gum leaves. On the lawn, Ceston. Marie knows. Leave Jack around a party. Adel laid it on me. Do you wanna game of euchre, Lyptus? Can Wom bat? Can Tenta field? Dar wins every time. Is Bass straight? Swim in the River, Ina. I've got no cosi, Oscar. Without a thread, Bo. Perish the thought. No cooler bar maid. Where can Marsu pee, Al? You reek of Stockade. Cook a burra. A pair of queens land in. Crack on to Wumba. Try to mount Isa. Trying to plat her puss. Flash your wanger at her. What'll 'ey care? Seen a cock or two. Pack Bill a bong. Will a didgery do? Where's the Tally-ho, Bart? Great, Barry—a reefer. Blew Mountains away. Lord! How? Hey! Man! How much can a Koala bear? Lead you astray, Liana. Track listing Vinyl (RRT 606) Side A "Australiana" Side B "The Comedy Commando" CD single (5527550) "Australiana" - 4:23 "Australiana" (CD Rom) - 4:27 Charts Weekly charts Year-end charts See also List of number-one singles in Australia during the 1980s References Category:Number-one singles in Australia Category:1983 singles Category:1983 in Australia Category:Australian comedy Category:Spoken word