Datasets:

embedding-data
/

simple-wiki

Dataset card Viewer Files Files and versions Community

Split (1)

train · 102k rows

set sequence
[ "All lymphocytes come from a common basic lymphocyte cell before differentiating into their distinct lymphocyte types .", "All lymphocytes originate , during this process , from a common lymphoid progenitor before differentiating into their distinct lymphocyte types ." ]
[ "Mammalian stem cells change or differentiate into several kinds of blood cell within the bone marrow .", "Mammalian stem cells differentiate into several kinds of blood cell within the bone marrow ." ]
[ "Once they are made active , B cells and T cells produce memory cells .", "In response to pathogens some T cells , called T helper cells , produce cytokines that direct the immune response while other T cells , called cytotoxic T cells , produce toxic granules that contain powerful enzymes which induce the death of pathogen infected cells . Following activation , B cells and T cells leave a lasting legacy of the antigens they have encountered , in the form of memory cells ." ]
[ "Cytokines signal to other immune cells that there is a foreign antigen present . Other T cells , called cytotoxic T cells , produce toxic granules which cause the death of infected cells .", "Effector lymphocytes function to eliminate the antigen , either by releasing antibodies ( in the case of B cells ) , cytotoxic granules ( cytotoxic T cells ) or by signaling to other cells of the immune system ( helper T cells ) ." ]
[ "T cells ( thymus cells ) and B cells ( bone cells ) are the main cells of the adaptive immune response .", "T cells ( Thymus cells ) and B cells ( bone cells ) are the major cellular components of the adaptive immune response ." ]
[ "When white blood cells are counted , the lymphocyte count is the percentage of lymphocytes present .", "A lymphocyte count is usually part of a peripheral complete blood cell count and is expressed as percentage of lymphocytes to total white blood cells counted ." ]
[ "Other T cells , called cytotoxic T cells , produce toxic granules which cause the death of infected cells .", "In response to pathogens some T cells , called T helper cells , produce cytokines that direct the immune response while other T cells , called cytotoxic T cells , produce toxic granules that contain powerful enzymes which induce the death of pathogen infected cells ." ]
[ "The extent of HIV progression is found by measuring the percentage of CD4 + T cells in the patient 's blood .", "The extent of HIV progression is typically determined by measuring the percentage of CD4 + T cells in the patient 's blood ." ]
[ "The NK cells then release cytotoxic ( cell-killing ) granules which then destroy the altered cells .", "Activated NK cells release cytotoxic ( cell-killing ) granules which then destroy the altered cells ." ]
[ "An increase in lymphocyte concentration is usually a sign of a viral infection ( in some rare case , leukemias are found through an abnormally high lymphocyte count in an otherwise normal person ) .", "An increase in lymphocyte concentration is usually a sign of a viral infection ( in some rare case , leukemias are found through an abnormally raised lymphocyte count in an otherwise normal person ) ." ]
[ "Without the key defense that these T cells provide , the body becomes prone to infections that otherwise would not affect healthy people .", "Without the key defense that these T cells provide , the body becomes susceptible to opportunistic infections that otherwise would not affect healthy people ." ]
[ "QuiestÃ de is a commune . It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France .", "QuiestÃ de is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France ." ]
[ "In 1911 , the world 's first geothermal power plant was built in the Valle del Diavolo ( `` Devil 's Valley '' ) , named for the boiling water in the area .", "In 1911 , the world 's first geothermal power plant was built in the Valle del Diavolo ( `` Devil 's Valley '' ) , named for the boiling water that rises there ." ]
[ "The conflict can lead to an evolutionary arms race between males and females .", "Sexual conflict occurs when the two sexes have conflicting optimal fitness strategies concerning reproduction , leading to an evolutionary arms race between males and females ." ]
[ "AmbÃ rieu-en-Bugey is a commune .", "AmbÃ rieu-en-Bugey is a commune in the department of Ain in eastern France ." ]
[ "Lebanon Junction is a city of Kentucky in the United States .", "Lebanon Junction is a city in Bullitt County , Kentucky , United States ." ]
[ "The Swedish Wikipedia ( In Swedish : SvensksprÃ kiga Wikipedia ) is the Swedish-language edition of Wikipedia .", "The Swedish Wikipedia ( SvensksprÃ kiga Wikipedia or Svenska Wikipedia ) is the Swedish language edition of Wikipedia ." ]
[ "Robert Indiana ( born as Robert Clark in New Castle , Indiana on September 13 , 1928 ) is an American artist . He is known for being a part of the pop art movement .", "Robert Indiana ( born September 13 , 1928 ) is an American artist associated with the Pop Art movement ." ]
[ "Indiana 's work often has bold , simple , iconic images , especially numbers and short words like `` EAT '' , `` HUG '' , and `` LOVE '' .", "Indiana 's work often consists of bold , simple , iconic images , especially numbers and short words like EAT , HUG , and , his best known example , LOVE ." ]
[ "Welles also made the movie Citizen Kane in 1941 .", "The American Film Institute ranked Citizen Kane as the greatest American movie . Other Welles films were nominated for their list :" ]
[ "Ilonse is a commune .", "Ilonse is a commune in the Alpes-Maritimes department in southeastern France ." ]
[ "In classical economics it is considered one of three factors of production , the other two being capital and labor ; income that one gets because of ownership or control of natural resources is often referred to as rent .", "In classical economics , land is considered one of the three factors of production ( along with capital , and labor ) . Income derived from ownership or control of natural resources is referred to as rent ." ]
[ "Wallins Creek is a city of Kentucky in the United States .", "Wallins Creek is a city in Harlan County , Kentucky , United States ." ]
[ "He was the son of Henry James Senior , a clergyman , and the brother of William and Alice James .", "He was the son of Henry James , Sr. , a clergyman , and the brother of philosopher and psychologist William James and diarist Alice James ." ]
[ "The Maui Hesperomannia ( Hesperomannia arbuscula ) is a species of flowering plant in the Asteraceae family .", "The Maui Hesperomannia ( Hesperomannia arbuscula ) is a species of flowering plant in the Asteraceae family that is endemic to the islands of Oahu and Maui in Hawaii ." ]
[ "It is in danger due to the loss of its natural area of habitat .", "It is threatened by habitat loss ." ]
[ "Goualade is a commune .", "Goualade is a commune in the Gironde department in south-western France ." ]
[ "Takashi Kitano ( born 4 October 1982 ) is a Japanese football player . He plays for Omiya Ardija .", "Takashi Kitano ( Japanese : å -- é è ä , born October 4 , 1982 , Sapporo , Hokkaido ) is a Japanese professional football goalkeeper who currently plays for Japan 's J. League Division 1 club Omiya Ardija ." ]
[ "Ismael Urzaiz ( born 7 October 1971 ) is a former Spanish football player .", "Ismael Urzaiz Aranda ( born 7 October 1971 ) is a retired Spanish footballer who played as a center forward ." ]
[ "Playground slides are slides for children to play on in playgrounds .", "Playground slides are found in parks , schools , playgrounds and backyards ." ]
[ "The child climbs up a ladder or some stairs , then sits down at the top and slides all the way down . Some children like to slide down on their backs or on their stomachs .", "The user , typically a child , climbs to the top of the slide via a ladder or stairs and sits down on the top of the slide and `` slides '' down the slide ." ]
[ "In a phrase , the main word , or the word that is what the phrase is about , is called the head .", "This word is the head of the phrase and gives its name to the phrase category ." ]
[ "The law of conservation of energy has therefore been extended to become the Law of conservation of matter and energy .", "Energy is subject to the law of conservation of energy ." ]
[ "Energy can not be made or destroyed .", "In this closed system , energy can not be created or destroyed ; therefore , the initial energy and the final energy will be equal to each other ." ]
[ "When energy changes from one form to another , the amount of energy stays the same .", "Energy is also transferred from potential energy to kinetic energy and then back to potential energy constantly ." ]
[ "When energy changes from one form to another , the amount of energy stays the same . Energy can not be made or destroyed .", "One form of energy can often be readily transformed into another with the help of a device - for instance , a battery , from chemical energy to electric energy ; a dam : gravitational potential energy to kinetic energy of moving water ( and the blades of a turbine ) and ultimately to electric energy through an electric generator ." ]
[ "Energy is something that can do work .", "Energy is also transferred from potential energy to kinetic energy and then back to potential energy constantly . This is referred to as conservation of energy ." ]
[ "Energy can not be made or destroyed . This rule is called the `` conservation law of energy '' .", "According to energy conservation law the total inflow of energy into a system must equal the total outflow of energy from the system , plus the change in the energy contained within the system ." ]
[ "The structural components of plants are formed primarily from cellulose .", "The structural component of plants are formed primarily from cellulose ." ]
[ "Examples include storage polysaccharides such as starch and glycogen and structural polysaccharides such as cellulose and chitin .", "Examples include storage polysaccharides such as starch and glycogen , and structural polysaccharides such as cellulose and chitin ." ]
[ "They tend to be amorphous , insoluble in water , and have no sweet taste .", "They may be amorphous or even insoluble in water ." ]
[ "They can be digested by hydrolysis , catalyzed by enzymes called amylases .", "They can be digested by hydrolysis , catalyzed by enzymes called amylases , which can break the alpha-linkages ( glycosidic bonds ) ." ]
[ "Cellulose is a polymer made with repeated glucose units .", "Cellulose is a polymer made with repeated glucose units bonded together by beta-linkages ." ]
[ "Humans and many other animals do not digest cellulose .", "Humans and many other animals lack an enzyme to break the beta-linkages , so they do not digest cellulose ." ]
[ "By 1453 , Uccello was married to Tomassa Malifici . In that year she gave birth to Donato who was named after the sculptor Donatello .", "Uccello was married to Tomassa Malifici by 1453 , because in that year Donato ( named after Donatello ) was born , and in 1456 his wife gave birth to Antonia ." ]
[ "The Vostok 1 was launched by the Soviet space program and made by the Soviet rocket scientists Sergey Korolyov and Kerim Kerimov .", "Vostok 1 was launched by the Soviet space program , and was designed by Soviet engineers guided by Sergey Korolyov under military supervision of Kerim Kerimov and others ." ]
[ "It took into space Yuri Gagarin , a cosmonaut from the Soviet Union .", "The flight took Yuri Gagarin , a cosmonaut from the Soviet Union , into space ." ]
[ "It used a Vostok 3KA spacecraft , and was launched on April 12 , 1961 .", "The Vostok 3KA spacecraft was launched on April 12 , 1961 ." ]
[ "Angela 's clothes are made by Adidas .", "Angela 's clothing is provided by Adidas ." ]
[ "Her racquets are made by Babolat .", "Her racquets are provided by Babolat ." ]
[ "Angela is currently ranked World No. 157 , race-singles World No. 120 and World No. 171 in doubles as of November 7 , 2009 .", "Angela is currently ranked World No. 158 , race-singles World No. 260 and World No. 198 in doubles as of March 8 , 2010 ." ]
[ "Haynes ' brother , Dontia Haynes , who used to be a San Diego State University tennis player ranked among the top 100 ranked collegiate tennis players in the United States , died 23 September , 2005 .", "Haynes ' brother , Dontia Haynes , a former San Diego State University tennis player ranked among the top 100 ranked collegiate tennis players in the United States , died 23 September 2005 ." ]
[ "Haynes 's top WTA singles ranking is World No. 95 which she got in August , 2005 .", "Haynes 's top WTA singles ranking is World No. 95 which she attained in August , 2005 ." ]
[ "Interstate H-3 is a highway in the American state of Hawaii . It begins at the Halawa Interchange with Interstates H-1 and H-201 .", "Interstate H-3 begins at the HÄ lawa Interchange with Interstates H-1 and H-201 ." ]
[ "The highway then runs along a viaduct through Halawa Valley for about 6 miles . It then goes through the Tetsuo Harano Tunnels through the Koolau Mountains .", "The freeway then runs along a viaduct through HÄ lawa Valley for about 6 m until it reaches the Tetsuo Harano Tunnels through the Ko ` olau Mountains ." ]
[ "Once on the eastern end of the tunnel , the highway follows a viaduct built along the side of Haiku Valley until the Kaneohe Interchange with state route 63 ( Likelike Highway ) which leads into the town of Kaneohe .", "Once on the eastern end of the tunnel , the freeway follows a viaduct built along the side of Haiku Valley until the Kaneohe Interchange with State Route 63 ( Likelike Highway ) which leads into the town of Kaneohe ." ]
[ "Italy won the trophy after beating Germany in the final .", "The tournament was won by Italy , after beating West Germany 3 â `` 1 in the final ." ]
[ "The 1982 FIFA World Cup was a football ( soccer ) sporting event that was held in Spain in 1982 .", "The 1982 FIFA World Cup , the 12th FIFA World Cup , was held in Spain from 13 June to 11 July ." ]
[ "The upper 16 km ( 10 miles ) of the Earth 's crust is composed of about 95 % igneous rocks with only a thin , widespread covering of sedimentary and metamorphic rocks .", "The upper 16 k of Earth 's crust is composed of approximately 95 % igneous rocks with only a thin , widespread covering of sedimentary and metamorphic rocks ." ]
[ "Igneous rock is one of the three main rock types , the others being sedimentary and metamorphic rock .", "Igneous rock ( derived from the Latin word igneus meaning of fire , from ignis meaning fire ) is one of the three main rock types , the others being sedimentary and metamorphic rock ." ]
[ "Igneous rocks are rocks formed from molten magma .", "Extrusive igneous rocks are formed at the crust 's surface as a result of the partial melting of rocks within the mantle and crust . Extrusive Igneous rocks cool and solidify quicker than intrusive igneous rocks ." ]
[ "Brett Emerton ( born 22 February 1979 ) is an Australian football player . He plays for Blackburn Rovers and Australia national team .", "Brett Michael Emerton ( born 22 February 1979 ) is an Australian football ( soccer ) player who plays as a midfielder for Blackburn Rovers and for the Australian national football team ." ]
[ "Berzy-le-Sec is a commune . It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France .", "Berzy-le-Sec is a commune in the department of Aisne in Picardy in northern France ." ]
[ "Oars mounted on the side of ships for steering are documented from the 3rd millennium BCE in Persia and Ancient Egypt in artwork , wooden models , and even parts of actual boats of that times .", "In Iran , oars mounted on the side of ships for steering are documented from the 3rd millennium BCE in artwork , wooden models , and even remnants of actual boats ." ]
[ "Midhurst is a town in West Sussex , England . In 2001 there were 4,889 people living in Midhurst .", "Midhurst ( ; Sussex dialect : Medhas ) is a market town and civil parish in the Chichester district of West Sussex , England , with a population of 4,889 in 2001 ." ]
[ "LaignÃ is a commune of 674 people ( 1999 ) . It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France .", "LaignÃ is a commune in the Mayenne department in north-western France ." ]
[ "The song can also be found as a hidden track on international editions of the singer 's second solo studio album , B ` Day ( 2006 ) .", "It also appeared as a hidden track on international editions , and on the deluxe edition of Knowles ' second solo studio album , B ` Day ." ]
[ "It was released as the first single from the film 's soundtrack album on December 5 , 2006 in the United States and on was released in the United Kingdom on February 19 , 2007 .", "The track was released as the lead single from film 's soundtrack album on December 5 , 2006 in the United States through Columbia Records ." ]
[ "Listen is a song performed by American R&B singer-songwriter BeyoncÃ Knowles in the 2006 film Dreamgirls .", "`` Listen '' is a 2006 R&B , soul song recorded by American singer BeyoncÃ ." ]
[ "Radymno is a town and commune in Subcarpathian Voivodeship , in JarosÅ aw district , Poland . Between 1975 â `` 1998 town was in Przemyskie Voivodeship .", "Radymno was previously in the PrzemyÅ l Voivodeship from 1975 -- 1998 ." ]
[ "BiÃ vres is a commune .", "BiÃ vres is a commune in the department of Aisne in Picardy in northern France ." ]
[ "The voyage then went to Tahiti ( where the transit of Venus was observed , the purpose of the mission ) , to New Zealand and to the east coast of Australia , where Cook mapped the coastline and made landfall at Botany Bay and at Endeavour River ( near modern Cooktown ) in Queensland , where they spent seven weeks ashore while the ship was repaired after damage on the Great Barrier Reef .", "The voyage then progressed to Tahiti ( where the transit of Venus was observed , the overt purpose of the mission ) , to New Zealand and to the east coast of Australia , where Cook mapped the coastline and made landfall at Botany Bay and at Endeavour River ( near modern Cooktown ) in Queensland , where they spent almost seven weeks ashore while the ship was repaired after foundering on the Great Barrier Reef ." ]
[ "Banks took part in Captain James Cook 's first great voyage from 1768 to 1771 .", "He took part in Captain James Cook 's first great voyage ( 1768 -- 1771 ) ." ]
[ "About 80 species of plants are named after Banks .", "Approximately 80 species of plants bear Banks 's name ." ]
[ "Banks discovered and collected Eucalyptus , Acacia , Mimosa , and Banksia .", "Banks is credited with the introduction to the Western world of eucalyptus , acacia , mimosa , and the genus named after him , Banksia ." ]
[ "While they were in Australia Banks , Solander and SpÃ ring made the first collection of Australian plants , describing many that were new to science .", "While they were in Australia Banks , the Swedish botanist Daniel Solander and the Finnish botanist Dr. Herman SpÃ ring Jr. made the first major collection of Australian flora , describing many species new to science ." ]
[ "Sir Joseph Banks , 1st Baronet , GCB , PRS ( 13 February 1743 -- 19 June 1820 ) was an English naturalist , botanist and patron of the natural sciences .", "Sir Joseph Banks , 1st Baronet , GCB , PRS ( 2 February 1743 -- 19 June 1820 ) was an English naturalist , botanist and patron of the natural sciences ." ]
[ "In 1766 Banks was elected to the Royal Society , and in the same year he accompanied Phipps to Newfoundland and Labrador to study their natural history .", "In 1766 Banks was elected to the Royal Society , and in the same year , at 23 , he accompanied Phipps to Newfoundland and Labrador with a view of studying their natural history ." ]
[ "They are also called ginger ants and tropical fire ants .", "They have several common names including ginger ants and tropical fire ants ." ]
[ "Fire ants are stinging ants .", "Fire ants are a variety of stinging ants with over 280 species worldwide ." ]
[ "GÃ raudot is a commune of the Aube dÃ partement in the north-central part of France .", "GÃ raudot is a commune in the Aube department in north-central France ." ]
[ "MickaÃ `` l Landreau ( born 14 May 1979 ) is a French football player . He plays for Lille .", "MickaÃ `` l Vincent AndrÃ - Marie Landreau ( born May 14 , 1979 in Machecoul ) is a French professional football goalkeeper , who currently plays for French Ligue 1 side Lille OSC ." ]
[ "Some call them China 's `` lost generation . ''", "Some commentators consider these people , many of whom lost the opportunity to attend university , China 's `` lost generation . ''" ]
[ "Famous authors who have written about their experiences during the movement include Nobel Peace Prize winner Liu Xiaobo , Jiang Rong and Zhang Chengzhi , both of whom went to Inner Mongolia .", "Famous authors who have written about their experiences during the movement include Nobel Laureate Liu Xiaobo , Jiang Rong , and Zhang Chengzhi , both of whom went to Inner Mongolia ." ]
[ "During the Cultural Revolution , anti-bourgeois thinking was very common . Mao Zedong said that richer youth from the cities would be sent to mountains or farming villages so they could learn from the workers and farmers there .", "As a result of the anti-bourgeois thinking prevalent during the Cultural Revolution , Mao Zedong declared certain privileged urban youth would be sent to mountainous areas or farming villages , in order that they could learn from the workers and farmers there ." ]
[ "The Down to the Countryside Movement was a government plan in the People 's Republic of China in the late 1960s and early 1970s .", "The Down to the Countryside Movement was a policy instituted in the People 's Republic of China in the late 1960s and early 1970s ." ]
[ "Many fresh high school graduates were forced out of the cities . They had to stay in far away areas of China .", "As a result , many fresh high school graduates , who became known as the Rusticated Youth of China , were forced out of the cities and effectively exiled to remote areas of China ." ]
[ "Abel Braga ( born 1 September , 1952 ) is a former Brazilian football player .", "Abel Carlos da Silva Braga , also known as Abel Braga or just Abel during his playing days ( born September 1 , 1952 ) , is a football ( soccer ) manager and a former football player ." ]
[ "In this example , the function named gradient forms a closure together with the variables f and dx . This closure is then returned by the outer function named derivative .", "At runtime , when the outer function executes , a closure is formed , consisting of the inner functionâ s code and references to any variables of the outer function required by the closure ; such variables are called the upvalues of the closure ." ]
[ "In this example , the lambda expression appears within the function .", "These are limited ( or `` crippled '' ) by the fact that the result of the lambda expression must be one expression rather than a statement . Thus , it is not possible to put a `` for '' , `` while '' , or `` if '' block in a lambda expression ." ]
[ "These are however different concepts .", "These are , however , distinct concepts ." ]
[ "A function may create a closure and return it . The following example is a function that returns a function .", "In some languages , a closure may occur when a function is defined within another function , and the inner function refers to local variables of the outer function ." ]
[ "Mexico and South Korea were the only other countries with economies that are like the BRICs . But O'Neill did n't include these countries because they were considered already more developed , as they were already members of the OECD .", "According to a paper published in 2005 , Mexico and South Korea were the only other countries comparable to the BRICs , but their economies were excluded initially because they were considered already more developed , as they were already members of the OECD ." ]
[ "When people write about these countries , they usually write BRICs or the BRIC countries '' ' .", "It is typically rendered as `` the BRICs '' or `` the BRIC countries '' or alternatively as the `` Big Four '' ." ]
[ "The acronym was invented by Jim O'Neill , an economist who worked for Goldman Sachs . In 2001 , he wrote an article that he called `` Building Better Global Economic BRICs '' .", "The acronym was coined by Jim O'Neill in a 2001 paper entitled `` Building Better Global Economic BRICs '' ." ]
[ "BRIC is used to talk about the countries of Brazil , Russia , India and China . Many economists think that all these countries are at a similar stage of economic development .", "In economics , BRIC is a grouping acronym that refers to the countries of Brazil , Russia , India and China , which are all deemed to be at a similar stage of newly advanced economic development ." ]
[ "Harold Robbins ( born Harold Rubin ) ( May 21 , 1916 -- October 14 , 1997 ) was an American author .", "Harold Robbins ( May 21 , 1916 -- October 14 , 1997 ) was one of the best-selling American authors of all time ." ]
[ "MÃ thamis is a commune of 397 people ( 1999 ) . It is located in the region Provence-Alpes-C Ã te d'Azur in the Vaucluse department in the south of France .", "MÃ thamis is a commune in the Vaucluse department in the Provence-Alpes-C Ã te d'Azur region in southeastern France ." ]
[ "Saint-Martin-sur-Lavezon is a commune in the ArdÃ che dÃ partement in southern France .", "Saint-Martin-sur-Lavezon is a commune in the ArdÃ che department in southern France ." ]
[ "Regina is the capital city of the Canadian province of Saskatchewan .", "Regina ( `` rej-eye-na '' ) is the capital of Saskatchewan , Canada ." ]