Datasets:

gabrielaltay

/

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like 0

[ { "plaintext": " (; ) is the largest village and administrative centre of Porsanger Municipality in Troms og Finnmark county, Norway. The village lies at the southern end of the large Porsangerfjorden. The village has a population (2017) of 2,283 which gives the village a population density of .", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 2211969, 178006, 62172189, 21241, 24174077, 128608 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 33, 54 ], [ 58, 80 ], [ 84, 101 ], [ 110, 116 ], [ 168, 184 ], [ 259, 277 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "There are a number of shops and supermarkets in Lakselv, as well as private and public sector services that cater for the village and its surrounding settlements. Lakselv Church is located in the center part of the village.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 38950545 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 164, 178 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The European route E6 highway runs through the village. Lakselv Airport, Banak is located in Lakselv on the Banak peninsula. The airport has connections to Tromsø, Alta and Kirkenes operated by Widerøe, as well as charter flights in the summer season.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Transportation", "target_page_ids": [ 987893, 30873409, 37255186, 178591, 38045318, 178823, 198526 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 4, 21 ], [ 57, 79 ], [ 109, 114 ], [ 158, 164 ], [ 166, 170 ], [ 175, 183 ], [ 196, 203 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The area is popular for salmon, trout, Arctic char, and grayling fishing throughout the summer months in the Lakselva river which runs through the village. There are also great hiking opportunities in the surrounding arctic wilderness, including in Stabbursdalen National Park just west of the village.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Activities", "target_page_ids": [ 36984, 47326, 1609327, 859305, 24478521, 147313, 3228038 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 24, 30 ], [ 32, 37 ], [ 39, 50 ], [ 56, 64 ], [ 109, 117 ], [ 177, 183 ], [ 249, 276 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "During the winter, skiing, snowmobile safaris, ice fishing, and dog sledding are popular activities.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Activities", "target_page_ids": [ 28478, 332769, 332761, 273243 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 19, 25 ], [ 27, 37 ], [ 47, 58 ], [ 64, 76 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Lars Iver Strand, a Norwegian footballer who plays for Sandefjord Fotball", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Notable people", "target_page_ids": [ 1831218, 1611046 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 17 ], [ 56, 74 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The official website of Porsanger (only in Norwegian and Sami language)", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Tourist information and activities", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "Villages_in_Finnmark", "Porsanger", "Populated_places_of_Arctic_Norway" ]

[ "Leavdnja", "Lemmijoki" ]

[ { "plaintext": "Diatonic set theory is a subdivision or application of musical set theory which applies the techniques and analysis of discrete mathematics to properties of the diatonic collection such as maximal evenness, Myhill's property, well formedness, the deep scale property, cardinality equals variety, and structure implies multiplicity. The name is something of a misnomer as the concepts involved usually apply much more generally, to any periodically repeating scale.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 414788, 209919, 8492, 8202, 1447276, 1447328, 1446797, 54558709, 1439664, 1444194 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 55, 73 ], [ 107, 115 ], [ 119, 139 ], [ 161, 180 ], [ 189, 205 ], [ 207, 224 ], [ 226, 241 ], [ 247, 266 ], [ 268, 294 ], [ 300, 330 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Music theorists working in diatonic set theory include Eytan Agmon, Gerald J. Balzano, Norman Carey, David Clampitt, John Clough, Jay Rahn, and mathematician Jack Douthett. A number of key concepts were first formulated by David Rothenberg (the Rothenberg propriety), who published in the journal Mathematical Systems Theory, and Erv Wilson, working entirely outside of the academic world.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 5498678, 58520946, 3544342 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 245, 265 ], [ 297, 324 ], [ 330, 340 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Bisector", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 2410207 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 8 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Diatonic and chromatic", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 10232935 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 22 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Generic and specific intervals", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 1447328 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 30 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Balzano, Gerald, \"The Pitch Set as a Level of Description for Studying Musical Pitch Perception\", Music, Mind and Brain, the Neurophysiology of Music, Manfred Clynes, ed., Plenum Press, 1982.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Further reading", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Carey, Norman and Clampitt, David (1996), \"Self-Similar Pitch Structures, Their Duals, and Rhythmic Analogues\", Perspectives of New Music 34, no. 2: 62–87.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Further reading", "target_page_ids": [ 1080841 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 112, 137 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Grady, Kraig, (2007), \"An Introduction to the Moments of Symmetry\", Wilson Archives, anaphoria.com", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Further reading", "target_page_ids": [ 1678167 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 12 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Johnson, Timothy (2003), Foundations of Diatonic Theory: A Mathematically Based Approach to Music Fundamentals, Key College Publishing. .", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Further reading", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Rahn, Jay (1977), \"Some Recurrent Features of Scales\", In Theory Only 2, nos. 11–12: 43–52.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Further reading", "target_page_ids": [ 23599948 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 55, 69 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Rothenberg, David, (1977), \"A Model for Pattern Perception with Musical Applications\", Mathematical Systems Theory, part I: 11, 199–234 ; part II: 353–372 ; part III: (1978) 12, 73–101 .", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Further reading", "target_page_ids": [ 32124235, 58520946 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 17 ], [ 87, 114 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Wilson, Erv (1975), \"Handwritten letter to John Chalmers pertaining to 'Moments of Symmetry'/'Tanabe Cycle', 26 April 1975, 27 pages, anaphoria.com", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Further reading", "target_page_ids": [ 3544342 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 11 ] ] } ]

[ "Diatonic_set_theory", "Musicology" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "The communication with extraterrestrial intelligence (CETI) is a branch of the search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI) that focuses on composing and deciphering interstellar messages that theoretically could be understood by another technological civilization. The best-known CETI experiment of its kind was the 1974 Arecibo message composed by Frank Drake.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 28153, 8946, 21938890, 1317000, 54360 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 79, 119 ], [ 157, 165 ], [ 169, 190 ], [ 325, 340 ], [ 353, 364 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "There are multiple independent organizations and individuals engaged in CETI research; the generic application of abbreviations CETI and SETI (search for extraterrestrial intelligence) in this article should not be taken as referring to any particular organization (such as the SETI Institute).", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 28153, 617552 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 143, 183 ], [ 278, 292 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "CETI research has focused on four broad areas: mathematical languages, pictorial systems such as the Arecibo message, algorithmic communication systems (ACETI), and computational approaches to detecting and deciphering \"natural\" language communication. There remain many undeciphered writing systems in human communication, such as Linear A, discovered by archeologists. Much of the research effort is directed at how to overcome similar problems of decipherment that arise in many scenarios of interplanetary communication.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 18831, 1317000, 10322382, 17989 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 47, 59 ], [ 101, 116 ], [ 271, 299 ], [ 332, 340 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On 13 February 2015, scientists (including Douglas Vakoch, David Grinspoon, Seth Shostak, and David Brin) at an annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, discussed active SETI and whether transmitting a message to possible intelligent extraterrestrials in the cosmos was a good idea. That same week, a statement was released, signed by many in the SETI community, that a \"worldwide scientific, political, and humanitarian discussion must occur before any message is sent\". On 28 March 2015, a related essay was written by Seth Shostak and published in The New York Times.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 64673600, 16795039, 725090, 74155, 243062, 9588, 38737, 725090, 30680 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 43, 57 ], [ 59, 74 ], [ 76, 88 ], [ 94, 104 ], [ 134, 185 ], [ 268, 285 ], [ 293, 299 ], [ 555, 567 ], [ 585, 603 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In June 2020, astronomers from the University of Nottingham reported the possible existence of over 30 \"active communicating intelligent civilizations\" (none within our current ability to detect due to various reasons including distance or size) in our own Milky Way galaxy, based on the latest astrophysical information.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 25086027, 2589714 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 35, 59 ], [ 257, 273 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In the 19th century, many books and articles speculated about the possible inhabitants of other planets. Many people believed that intelligent beings might live on the Moon, Mars, and/or Venus.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 19331, 14640471, 32745 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 168, 172 ], [ 174, 178 ], [ 187, 192 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Since travel to other planets was not possible at the time, some people suggested ways to signal extraterrestrials even before radio was discovered. Carl Friedrich Gauss is often credited with an 1820 proposal that a giant triangle and three squares, the Pythagoras, could be drawn on the Siberian tundra. The outlines of the shapes would have been ten-mile-wide strips of pine forest, whereas the interiors could be filled with rye or wheat.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 6125, 34802284, 23275, 29639 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 149, 169 ], [ 196, 209 ], [ 255, 265 ], [ 289, 296 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Joseph Johann Littrow proposed in 1819 to use the Sahara as a sort of blackboard. Giant trenches several hundred yards wide could delineate twenty-mile-wide shapes. Then the trenches would be filled with water, and then enough kerosene could be poured on top of the water to burn for six hours. Using this method, a different signal could be sent every night.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 699997, 325363, 16992 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 21 ], [ 50, 56 ], [ 227, 235 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Meanwhile, other astronomers were looking for signs of life on other planets. In 1822, Franz von Gruithuisen thought he saw a giant city and evidence of agriculture on the Moon, but astronomers using more powerful instruments refuted his claims. Gruithuisen also believed he saw evidence of life on Venus. Ashen light had previously been observed on the dark side of Venus, and he postulated that it was caused by a great fire festival put on by the inhabitants to celebrate their new emperor. Later he revised his position, stating that the Venusians could be burning their rainforest to make more farmland.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 1518865, 32745, 5355609 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 87, 108 ], [ 299, 304 ], [ 306, 317 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "By the late 1800s, the possibility of life on the Moon was put to rest. Astronomers at that time believed in the Kant-Laplace hypothesis, which stated that the farthest planets from the sun are the oldesttherefore Mars was more likely to have advanced civilizations than Venus. Subsequent investigations focused on contacting Martians. In 1877, Giovanni Schiaparelli announced he had discovered \"canali\" (\"channels\" in Italian, which occur naturally, and mistranslated as \"canals\", which are artificial) on Mars. This was followed by thirty years of enthusiasm about the possibility of life on Mars. Eventually the Martian canals proved illusory.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 212374, 145129, 463835 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 113, 136 ], [ 345, 366 ], [ 586, 598 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The inventor Charles Cros was convinced that pinpoints of light observed on Mars and Venus were the lights of large cities. He spent years of his life trying to get funding for a giant mirror with which to signal the Martians. The mirror would be focused on the Martian desert, where the intense reflected sunlight could be used to burn figures into the Martian sand.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 100510 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 13, 25 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Inventor Nikola Tesla mentioned many times during his career that he thought his inventions such as his Tesla coil, used in the role of a \"resonant receiver\", could be used to communicate with other planets, and that he even had observed repetitive signals of what he believed were extraterrestrial radio communications coming from Venus or Mars in 1899. These \"signals\" turned out to be terrestrial radiation, however.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 21473, 39113, 39113 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 9, 21 ], [ 104, 114 ], [ 138, 157 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Around 1900, the Guzman Prize was created; the first person to establish interplanetary communication would be awarded 100,000 francs, under one stipulation: Mars was excluded because Madame Guzman thought communicating with Mars would be too easy to deserve a prize.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 2740122 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 17, 29 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Published in 1960 by Hans Freudenthal, Lincos: Design of a Language for Cosmic Intercourse, expands upon Astraglossa to create a general-purpose language derived from basic mathematics and logic symbols. Several researchers have expanded further upon Freudenthal's work. A dictionary resembling Lincos was featured in the Carl Sagan novel Contact and its film adaptation.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Mathematical and scientific languages", "target_page_ids": [ 612409, 181622, 422269 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 21, 37 ], [ 340, 347 ], [ 352, 371 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Published in 1963 by Lancelot Hogben, \"Astraglossa\" is an essay describing a system for combining numbers and operators in a series of short and long pulses. In Hogben's system, short pulses represent numbers, while trains of long pulses represent symbols for addition, subtraction, etc.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Mathematical and scientific languages", "target_page_ids": [ 3094260 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 21, 36 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In the 1985 science fiction novel Contact, Carl Sagan explored in some depth how a message might be constructed to allow communication with an alien civilization, using prime numbers as a starting point, followed by various universal principles and facts of mathematics and science.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Mathematical and scientific languages", "target_page_ids": [ 26787, 181622, 6824, 23666, 18831 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 12, 27 ], [ 34, 41 ], [ 43, 53 ], [ 169, 181 ], [ 258, 269 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Sagan also edited a nonfiction book on the subject. An updated collection of articles on the same topic was published in 2011.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Mathematical and scientific languages", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Published in 1992 by Carl Devito and Richard Oehrle, A language based on the fundamental facts of science is a paper describing a language similar in syntax to Astraglossa and Lincos, but which builds its vocabulary around known physical properties.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Mathematical and scientific languages", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "In 2010, Michael W. Busch created a general-purpose binary language later used in the Lone Signal project to transmit crowdsourced messages to extraterrestrial intelligence (METI). This was followed by an attempt to extend the syntax used in the Lone Signal hailing message to communicate in a way that, while neither mathematical nor strictly logical, was nonetheless understandable given the prior definition of terms and concepts in the Lone Signal hailing message.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Mathematical and scientific languages", "target_page_ids": [ 39718245 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 87, 98 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Pictorial communication systems seek to describe fundamental mathematical or physical concepts via simplified diagrams sent as bitmaps. These messages necessarily assume that the recipient has similar visual capabilities and can understand basic mathematics and geometry. A common critique of pictorial systems is that they presume a shared understanding of special shapes, which may not be the case with a species with substantially different vision, and therefore a different way of interpreting visual information. For instance, an arrow representing the movement of some object might be misinterpreted as a weapon firing.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Pictorial messages", "target_page_ids": [ 13390326 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 127, 133 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Two etched plaques, known as the Pioneer plaques, were included aboard the Pioneer 10 and Pioneer 11 spacecraft when they launched in 1972 and 1973. The plaques depict the specific location of the Solar System within the galaxy and the Earth within the Solar System, as well as the form of the human body.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Pictorial messages", "target_page_ids": [ 236268, 38198, 24981 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 33, 47 ], [ 75, 85 ], [ 90, 100 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Launched in 1977, the Voyager probes carried two golden records that were inscribed with diagrams similar to the Pioneer plaques, depicting the human form, the Solar System, and its location. Also included were recordings of images and sounds from Earth.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Pictorial messages", "target_page_ids": [ 47795, 144386 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 22, 29 ], [ 49, 63 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The Arecibo message, transmitted in 1974, was a 1,679-pixel bitmap that, when properly arranged into 73 rows and 23 columns, shows the numbers one through ten; the atomic numbers of hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and phosphorus; the formulas for the sugars and bases that make up the nucleotides of DNA; the number of nucleotides in the human genome; the double helix structure of DNA; a simple illustration of a human being and its height; the human population of Earth; a diagram of the Solar System; and an illustration of the Arecibo telescope with its diameter.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Pictorial messages", "target_page_ids": [ 1317000, 23665 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 4, 19 ], [ 54, 59 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The Cosmic Call messages consisted of a few digital sections – \"Rosetta Stone\", a copy of the Arecibo Message, the Bilingual Image Glossary, and the Braastad message – as well as text, audio, video, and other image files submitted for transmission by people around the world. The \"Rosetta Stone\" was composed by Stéphane Dumas and Yvan Dutil, and represents a multi-page bitmap that builds a vocabulary of symbols representing numbers and mathematical operations. The message proceeds from basic mathematics to progressively more complex concepts, including physical processes and objects (such as a hydrogen atom). The message was designed with a noise-resistant format and characters that make it resistant to alteration by noise. These messages were transmitted in 1999 and 2003 from Evpatoria Planetary Radar in Russia under the scientific guidance of Alexander L. Zaitsev. Richard Braastad coordinated the overall project.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Pictorial messages", "target_page_ids": [ 21657889, 51156306, 19927156, 13255, 25020545, 10323612 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 4, 15 ], [ 312, 326 ], [ 331, 341 ], [ 600, 608 ], [ 787, 812 ], [ 856, 876 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Star systems to which the messages were sent include the following:", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Pictorial messages", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The Teen-Age Message, composed by Russian scientists (Zaitsev, Gindilis, Pshenichner, Filippova) and teens, was transmitted from the 70-m dish of Evpatoria Deep Space Center in Ukraine to six star systems resembling that of the Sun on August 29 and September 3 and 4, 2001. The message consists of three parts:", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Multi-modal messages", "target_page_ids": [ 1820752, 25391, 10323612, 25020545, 31750 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 4, 20 ], [ 34, 40 ], [ 54, 61 ], [ 133, 173 ], [ 177, 184 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Section 1 represents a coherent-sounding radio signal with slow Doppler wavelength tuning to imitate transmission from the Sun's center. This signal was transmitted in order to help extraterrestrials detect the TAM and diagnose the radio propagation effect of the interstellar medium.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Multi-modal messages", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Section 2 is analog information representing musical melodies performed on the theremin. This electric musical instrument produces a quasi-monochromatic signal, which is easily detectable across interstellar distances. There were seven musical compositions in the First Theremin Concert for Aliens. The 14-minute analog transmission of the theremin concert would take almost 50 hours by digital means; see The First Musical Interstellar Radio Message.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Multi-modal messages", "target_page_ids": [ 30722 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 79, 87 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Section 3 represents a well-known Arecibo-like binary digital information: the logotype of the TAM, bilingual Russian and English greeting to aliens, and image glossary.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Multi-modal messages", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Star systems to which the message was sent are the following:", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Multi-modal messages", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The Cosmic Call-2 message contained text, images, video, music, the Dutil/Dumas message, a copy of the 1974 Arecibo message, BIG = Bilingual Image Glossary, the AI program Ella, and the Braastad message.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Multi-modal messages", "target_page_ids": [ 21657889 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 4, 15 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Algorithmic communication systems are a relatively new field within CETI. In these systems, which build upon early work on mathematical languages, the sender describes a small set of mathematic and logic symbols that form the basis for a rudimentary programming language that the recipient can run on a virtual machine. Algorithmic communication has a number of advantages over static pictorial and mathematical messages, including: localized communication (the recipient can probe and interact with the programs within a message, without transmitting a reply to the sender and then waiting years for a response), forward error correction (the message might contain algorithms that process data elsewhere in the message), and the ability to embed proxy agents within the message. In principle, a sophisticated program when run on a fast enough computing substrate, may exhibit complex behavior and perhaps, intelligence.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Algorithmic messages", "target_page_ids": [ 32353, 4237207 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 303, 318 ], [ 614, 638 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "CosmicOS, designed by Paul Fitzpatrick at MIT, describes a virtual machine that is derived from lambda calculus.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Algorithmic messages", "target_page_ids": [ 1946447, 18879, 32353, 18203 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 8 ], [ 42, 45 ], [ 59, 74 ], [ 96, 111 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Logic Gate Matrices (a.k.a. LGM), developed by Brian McConnell, describes a universal virtual machine that is constructed by connecting coordinates in an n-dimensional space via mathematics and logic operations, for example: (1,0,0) <-- (OR (0,0,1) (0,0,2)). Using this method, one may describe an arbitrarily complex computing substrate as well as the instructions to be executed on it.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Algorithmic messages", "target_page_ids": [ 32353 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 86, 101 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "This research focuses on the event that we receive a signal or message that is either not directed at us (eavesdropping) or one that is in its natural communicative form. To tackle this difficult, but probable scenario, methods are being developed that will detect if a signal has structure indicative of an intelligent source, categorize the type of structure detected, and then decipher its content, from its physical level encoding and patterns to the parts-of-speech that encode internal and external ontologies.", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Natural language messages", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Primarily, this structure modeling focuses on the search for generic human and inter-species language universals to devise computational methods by which language may be discriminated from non-language, and core structural syntactic elements of unknown languages may be detected. Aims of this research include contributing to the understanding of language structure and the detection of intelligent language-like features in signals, in order to aid the search for extraterrestrial intelligence.", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Natural language messages", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The problem goal is therefore to separate language from non-language without dialogue, and learn something about the structure of language in the passing. The language may not be human (animals, aliens, computers, etc.), the perceptual space may be unknown, and human language structure cannot be presumed, but must begin somewhere. The language signal should be approached from a naive viewpoint, increasing ignorance and assuming as little as possible.", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Natural language messages", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "If a sequence can be tokenized, that is, separated into \"words\", an unknown human language may be distinguished from many other data sequences by the frequency distribution of the tokens. Human languages conform to a Zipfian distribution, while many (but not all) other data sequences do not. It has been proposed that an alien language also might conform to such a distribution. When displayed in a log-log graph of frequency vs. rank, this distribution would appear as a somewhat straight line with a slope of approximately -1. SETI scientist Laurance Doyle explains that the slope of a line that represents individual tokens in a stream of tokens may indicate whether the stream contains linguistic or other structured content. If the line angles at 45°, the stream contains such content. If the line is flat, it does not.", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Natural language messages", "target_page_ids": [ 43218, 28153, 3579261, 81251 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 217, 237 ], [ 530, 534 ], [ 545, 559 ], [ 621, 627 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Frank Drake (SETI Institute): SETI pioneer, composed the Arecibo message.", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "CETI researchers", "target_page_ids": [ 54360, 28153, 1317000 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 11 ], [ 30, 34 ], [ 57, 72 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Dr John Elliott: research into developing strategies, which are based on receiving a 'natural' language message, that look at developing algorithms to detect if an ET signal has intelligent-like structure and if so, then how to decipher its content. Author of many papers in this area and a contributor to SETI's book on interstellar communication. Other contributions include message design and construction; member of: International Academy of Astronautics, SETI Permanent Study Group; International Task Group for the Post-detection identification of unknown radio signals.", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "CETI researchers", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Laurence Doyle (SETI Institute): studies animal communication, and has developed statistical measures of complexity in animal utterances as well as human language.", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "CETI researchers", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Stephane Dumas: developed Cosmic Call messages, as well as a general technique for generating 2-D symbols that remain recognizable even if corrupted by noise.", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "CETI researchers", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Yvan Dutil: developed Cosmic Call messages with Stephane Dumas.", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "CETI researchers", "target_page_ids": [ 19927156 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 10 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Paul Fitzpatrick (MIT): developed CosmicOS system based on lambda calculus", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "CETI researchers", "target_page_ids": [ 18879, 18203 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 18, 21 ], [ 59, 74 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Brian McConnell: developed framework for algorithmic communication systems (ACETI) from 2000 to 2002.", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "CETI researchers", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Marvin Minsky (MIT AI researcher): Believes that aliens may think similarly to humans because of shared constraints, permitting communication. First proposed the idea of including algorithms within an interstellar message.", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "CETI researchers", "target_page_ids": [ 19639, 18879, 1164 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 13 ], [ 15, 18 ], [ 19, 21 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Carl Sagan: co-authored the Arecibo message and was heavily involved in SETI throughout his life.", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "CETI researchers", "target_page_ids": [ 6824, 28153 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 10 ], [ 72, 76 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Douglas Vakoch (METI): editor of Archaeology, Anthropology, and Interstellar Communication, a 2014 essay collection on CETI.", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "CETI researchers", "target_page_ids": [ 64673600, 59202819, 69265240 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 14 ], [ 16, 20 ], [ 33, 90 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Alexander Zaitsev (IRE, Russia): composed Teen Age Message with Boris Pshenichner, Lev Gindilis, Lilia Filippova, et al., composed Bilingual Image Glossary for Cosmic Call 2003 Message, Scientific Manager of transmitting from Evpatoria Planetary Radar the Cosmic Call 1999, the Teen Age Message 2001, and the Cosmic Call 2003, Scientific consultant for A Message From Earth project.", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "CETI researchers", "target_page_ids": [ 10323612, 1820752, 21657889, 1820752, 21657889, 10877467 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 17 ], [ 42, 58 ], [ 256, 267 ], [ 278, 294 ], [ 309, 320 ], [ 353, 373 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Michael W. Busch: (Lone Signal) created the binary encoding system for the ongoing Lone Signal hailing message.", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "CETI researchers", "target_page_ids": [ 39718245, 39718245 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 19, 30 ], [ 83, 94 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Jacob Haqq Misra: (Lone Signal) is the chief science officer for the ongoing Lone Signal active SETI project.", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "CETI researchers", "target_page_ids": [ 39718245, 39718245 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 19, 30 ], [ 77, 88 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Some researchers have concluded that in order to communicate with extraterrestrial species, humanity must first try to communicate with Earth's intelligent animal species. John C. Lilly worked with interspecies communication by teaching dolphins English (successful with rhythms, not with understandability, given their different mouth/blowhole shapes). He practiced various disciplines of spirituality and also ingested psychedelic drugs such as LSD and (later) ketamine in the company of dolphins. He tried to determine whether he could communicate non-verbally with dolphins, and also tried to determine if some extraterrestrial radio signals are intelligent communications. Similarly, Laurance Doyle, Robert Freitas and Brenda McCowan compare the complexity of cetacean and human languages to help determine whether a specific signal from space is complex enough to represent a message that needs to be decoded.", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Interspecies communication", "target_page_ids": [ 265004, 4943008, 53309, 17537, 16948, 3579261, 25795, 31682589 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 172, 185 ], [ 198, 224 ], [ 421, 437 ], [ 447, 450 ], [ 463, 471 ], [ 689, 703 ], [ 705, 719 ], [ 724, 738 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Active SETI", "section_idx": 9, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 13168320 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 12 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Animal language", "section_idx": 9, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 457115 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 16 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Astrolinguistics", "section_idx": 9, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 11175098 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 17 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Human–animal communication", "section_idx": 9, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 2407884 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 27 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Nexus for Exoplanet System Science", "section_idx": 9, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 46492478 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 35 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Pioneer plaque", "section_idx": 9, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 236268 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 15 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " SETIcon", "section_idx": 9, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 36357056 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 8 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Time capsule", "section_idx": 9, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 358837 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 13 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Waterhole (radio)", "section_idx": 9, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 5439710 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 18 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Wow! Signal", "section_idx": 9, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 1211349 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 12 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Braastad, Richard, The Extraterrestrial Sermons", "section_idx": 11, "section_name": "Further reading", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Cattermole, P., & Moore, P. (1997). Atlas of Venus. Cambridge University Press.", "section_idx": 11, "section_name": "Further reading", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Dumas, Stepane. The 1999 and 2003 messages explained ", "section_idx": 11, "section_name": "Further reading", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Dutil, Dumas, Active SETI Page", "section_idx": 11, "section_name": "Further reading", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " EllaZ Systems", "section_idx": 11, "section_name": "Further reading", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Martin, Martin C. 1991 SETI Puzzle ", "section_idx": 11, "section_name": "Further reading", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Communication with Alien Intelligence, 1985, Marvin Minsky", "section_idx": 11, "section_name": "Further reading", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Ley, Willy. Rockets, Missiles, and Space Travel (revised). New York: The Viking Press (1958) ", "section_idx": 11, "section_name": "Further reading", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " McConnell, Brian S. 2001 Beyond Contact: A Guide to SETI and Communicating with Alien Civilizations. O'Reilly, Cambridge, Massachusetts ", "section_idx": 11, "section_name": "Further reading", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " McConnell, Brian S. 2002 Algorithmic Communication with ETI & Mixed Media Message Composition", "section_idx": 11, "section_name": "Further reading", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Minsky, Marvin, talk given at Communication With Extraterrestrial Intelligence (CETI), Proceedings of a conference held at the Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory, Yerevan, USSR, 5–11 September 1971. Edited by Carl Sagan. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1973. p. ix", "section_idx": 11, "section_name": "Further reading", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Morrison, P. \"Interstellar Communication\", Bulletin of the Philosophical Society of Washington, 16, 78 (1962). Reprinted in A. G. W. Cameron, ed., Interstellar Communication.", "section_idx": 11, "section_name": "Further reading", "target_page_ids": [ 7457472 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 60, 95 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Oberhaus, D. (2019) Extraterrestrial Languages. MIT Press. ", "section_idx": 11, "section_name": "Further reading", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Team Encounter, Cosmic Call, 2003", "section_idx": 11, "section_name": "Further reading", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Vakoch, D. A. (Ed.). (2011) - Communication with Extraterrestrial Intelligence, New York: SUNY Press.", "section_idx": 11, "section_name": "Further reading", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "Extraterrestrial_life", "Technology_in_society", "Interstellar_messages", "Search_for_extraterrestrial_intelligence" ]

[ "Communicating Extra-Terrestrial Intelligent", "CETI" ]

[ { "plaintext": "Herb Kreling (born July 10, 1955) is a former Ottawa City Councillor representing Orléans Ward. He was first elected as a regional councillor for the Regional Municipality of Ottawa-Carleton in the 1994 election, and was re-elected to that position in 1997. He was elected to city council in 2000 and was re-elected in the 2003 Ottawa election. He was the chair of the Ottawa Police Services Board. He is a graduate of the University of Windsor. Kreling applied to become a provincial Justice of the Peace in 2005, and was recommended for the position, resulting in his resignation from City Council in September 2005. ", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 666798, 2680569, 1073903, 1833825, 1453335, 2794978, 342733, 260962 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 46, 65 ], [ 82, 94 ], [ 150, 190 ], [ 292, 296 ], [ 323, 343 ], [ 369, 397 ], [ 423, 444 ], [ 485, 505 ] ] } ]

[ "Ottawa_city_councillors", "Living_people", "1955_births", "Ottawa-Carleton_regional_councillors" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "Steve Brodner (born October 19, 1954, in Brooklyn, New York) is a satirical illustrator and caricaturist working for publications in the US since the 1970s. He is accepted in the fields of journalism and the graphic arts as a master of the editorial idiom. Currently a regular contributor to GQ, The Nation, Newsweek, The Washington Post, and The Los Angeles Times, Brodner's art journalism has appeared in most major magazines and newspapers in the United States, such as Rolling Stone, The New York Times, The New Yorker, Esquire, Time, Playboy, Mother Jones, Harper's, and The Atlantic. His work, first widely seen exposing and attacking Reagan Era scandals, is credited with helping spearhead the 1980s revival of pointed and entertaining graphic commentary in the US. He is currently working on a book about the presidents of the United States.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 47384, 558974, 39902584, 214169, 102226, 273319, 25441, 30680, 31365, 244002, 31600, 23221, 474402, 297078, 149743, 25784046 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 41, 59 ], [ 292, 294 ], [ 296, 306 ], [ 308, 316 ], [ 318, 337 ], [ 343, 364 ], [ 473, 486 ], [ 488, 506 ], [ 508, 522 ], [ 524, 531 ], [ 533, 537 ], [ 539, 546 ], [ 548, 560 ], [ 562, 570 ], [ 576, 588 ], [ 641, 651 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Brodner attended Cooper Union, in New York City and graduated in 1976 with a Bachelor of Fine Arts Degree. Brodner went on to work briefly for the Hudson Dispatch in Hudson County, New Jersey, after leaving college.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Early life and education", "target_page_ids": [ 275339, 436813, 13113920, 93442 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 17, 29 ], [ 77, 98 ], [ 147, 162 ], [ 166, 179 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Between 1979 and 1982 he self-published the New York Illustrated News, which featured his work as well as those of colleagues. In 1977, he began his freelance career with The New York Times Book Review, working with Steven Heller, art director. Soon he was working with Lewis Lapham and Sheila Wolfe at Harper's Magazine on a monthly page of commentary entitled Ars Politica.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Career", "target_page_ids": [ 8498535, 6466894, 297086, 297078 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 171, 201 ], [ 216, 229 ], [ 270, 282 ], [ 303, 320 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In the following year he became a regular contributor to magazines across the US, eventually becoming house artist as well as writer and artist of monthly back pages for Esquire under the editorships of Lee Eisenberg, David Hirshey and the designer, Rip Georges. During and after Esquire it was on to Spy Magazine and then to The New Yorker, under Tina Brown and then David Remnick, Chris Curry, Caroline Maihot, and Françoise Mouly, art directors. At Rolling Stone, under Jann Wenner and Amid Capesi, art director, Brodner was the film review artist, working with Peter Travers, and later a series for the National Affairs page with Matt Taibbi and others.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Career", "target_page_ids": [ 244002, 39551045, 6247928, 645283, 31365, 890651, 383272, 3284186, 360584, 1835552, 1592318 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 170, 177 ], [ 203, 216 ], [ 218, 231 ], [ 301, 313 ], [ 326, 340 ], [ 348, 358 ], [ 368, 381 ], [ 417, 432 ], [ 473, 484 ], [ 565, 578 ], [ 634, 645 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In visual essays, Brodner has covered eight national political conventions for Esquire, The Progressive, The Village Voice and others.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Art journalism", "target_page_ids": [ 304255, 184247 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 88, 103 ], [ 105, 122 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "His article \"Plowed Under,\" a series of portraits and interviews with beleaguered farm families in the Midwest, ran in The Progressive. Shots From Guns, an art documentary about the Colt Firearms strike in Hartford, Connecticut, appeared in Northeast magazine in 1989.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Art journalism", "target_page_ids": [ 400119, 53678 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 183, 196 ], [ 207, 228 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "For The New Yorker he covered Oliver North and the 1994 Virginia Senate race, the Patrick Buchanan presidential campaign, the Million Man March (1995) and an advance story on the 1996 Democratic Convention in Chicago. That same year, The Washington Post asked him to profile the Bob Dole presidential campaign. In spring of 1997 he wrote and drew a ten-page article on the South by Southwest Music Festival for Texas Monthly. That summer, Brodner climbed Mount Fuji with author Susan Orlean as an art-journalist for Outside Magazine and later that year he did a piece on the New York City mayoral campaign for New York magazine. His eight-page profile of George W. Bush appeared in Esquire in October 1998, in which Bush said to him, “Maybe I’ll see you in national politics next year, maybe not. Either way, I have a cool life.”", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Art journalism", "target_page_ids": [ 22507, 168890, 583459, 102226, 55846, 4130245, 187068, 46496, 569449, 714699, 3414021 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 30, 42 ], [ 82, 98 ], [ 126, 143 ], [ 234, 253 ], [ 279, 287 ], [ 374, 407 ], [ 412, 425 ], [ 456, 466 ], [ 479, 491 ], [ 611, 628 ], [ 656, 670 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In 2000, he dealt with the difficult issue of guns in Pennsylvania for Philadelphia Magazine. Texas Monthly published his ten-page story on Colonias (Mexican Americans along the Texas border), called \"In America\"; in May 2005 and in 2007 he traversed the Texas State Capitol at Austin in a freewheeling story for Texas Monthly.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Art journalism", "target_page_ids": [ 8450592, 4963532, 503403 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 71, 92 ], [ 140, 148 ], [ 255, 274 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In the fall of 1996, Brodner was featured in PBS Frontlines The Choice, as artist and commentator on the Clinton/Dole race. In December 2007, Brodner began a series of online videos, The Naked Campaign, at The New Yorker website, offering his take on the 2008 Presidential campaign. Since 2010 he has been producing videos for PBS' Need to Know, with \"An Editorial by Steve Brodner,\" a semi-regular commentary feature. In the spring of 2010, his series of short political videos, \"Smashing Crayons\", ran on Slate.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Television and video", "target_page_ids": [ 235262, 32077, 27172401, 423731 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 49, 58 ], [ 105, 117 ], [ 332, 344 ], [ 507, 512 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Brodner has had his work honored in juried annuals of American Illustration, Society of Illustrators, and Communication Arts continuously for over 20 years.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Awards", "target_page_ids": [ 5776258, 2920947 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 77, 100 ], [ 106, 124 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " 2011 Society of Illustrators, Gold Medal, Editorial category", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Awards", "target_page_ids": [ 5776258 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 6, 29 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " 2010 National Cartoonists Society Reuben Award, Advertising category", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Awards", "target_page_ids": [ 21646, 21646 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 6, 34 ], [ 35, 47 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " 2010 The Cooper Union, St. Gaudens Medal, Distinguished Achievement by an alumnus", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Awards", "target_page_ids": [ 275339 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 6, 22 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " 2007 National Cartoonists Society Reuben Award in Magazine Illustration", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Awards", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " 2006 Society of Illustrators Gold Medal in the sequential category", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Awards", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " 2005 Society of Illustrators Hamilton King Award", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Awards", "target_page_ids": [ 5776258 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 30, 49 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " 2000 James Aronson Award for Social Justice Journalism", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Awards", "target_page_ids": [ 28037336 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 6, 25 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " 1995 Society of Publication Designers merit award", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Awards", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " 1994 Art Director's Club", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Awards", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Fold and Tuck (Doubleday, 1990) ", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [ 333058 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 15, 24 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Davy Crockett: The Legendary Frontiersman (Simon & Schuster, 1995) ", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [ 81083, 1001882 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 13 ], [ 43, 59 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Sharing the Pie: A Citizen's Guide to Wealth and Power (Henry Holt, 1998) ", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [ 4829568 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 56, 66 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Freedom Fries (Fantagraphics Books, 2003) ()", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [ 245840 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 15, 34 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " (contributor) The Bush Junta: A Field Guide to Corruption in Government, edited by Gary Groth and Mack White (Fantagraphics Books, 2004) ", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [ 20786773, 2768437 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 84, 94 ], [ 99, 109 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " (editor) Artists Against the War (Underwood Books, 2011) ", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " (illustrator) Bingsop's Fables: Little Morals for Big Business, written by Stanley Bing (Harper Business, 2011) ", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [ 5943836, 253375 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 76, 88 ], [ 90, 105 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Additional illustration portfolio of artist", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Person of the day blog", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "1954_births", "American_caricaturists", "American_illustrators", "Living_people", "Artists_from_Brooklyn", "Artists_represented_by_Shannon_Associates", "Cooper_Union_alumni", "The_New_Yorker_people", "Reagan_Era" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "More is a 1998 short film created by Mark Osborne using stop motion animation. More has won several awards, and was nominated for an Academy Award as Best Animated Short Film in 1998.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 498104, 13825161, 27036, 324, 61831 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 15, 25 ], [ 37, 49 ], [ 56, 67 ], [ 133, 146 ], [ 150, 174 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "More tells the story of an inventor who lives in a drab, colorless world. Day by day, he toils away in a harsh, dull, and dehumanizing job, his only savior being the memories of the bliss of childhood. But at night, he works secretly on an invention that could help him relive those memories and spread their joy to everyone in his despair-filled life.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Plot", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "When he finishes the invention, it changes the way people look at the world. His success changes him, however, because he loses an important part of himself.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Plot", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "More was written and directed by Mark Osborne, and created by a team that included, among others, Keith and Shannon Lowry, Rick Orner, Nick Peterson, and David Candelaria. Although it was only a 6-minute short, it was, as Osborne put it, an \"absolutely massive undertaking\"—as it was the first short to be shot using the IMAX format. In addition, it was filmed using stop motion, a much more time-consuming method than live-action filming techniques.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Production and publication", "target_page_ids": [ 13825161, 498104, 173787, 27036 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 33, 45 ], [ 204, 209 ], [ 321, 325 ], [ 367, 378 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Filming More took nine months, and it was first screened in fall of 1998. While it had a positive critical reception—including an Academy Award nomination—commercial options proved limited once the initial hype died down.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Production and publication", "target_page_ids": [ 324 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 130, 143 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Although More was subsequently included in the Short Cinema Journal #7: Utopia DVD, Osborne was receiving e-mails daily, asking for the short to be released on DVD. One of these was a writer from Despair, Inc., complimenting him on his work, which led to an offer for Despair to fund DVD production and to sell DVDs on their website. The DVD thus created included three commentaries and an hour-long documentary on the creation of More. The film was also released on disk in the second issue of Wholphin Magazine.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Production and publication", "target_page_ids": [ 1009995, 4406311 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 197, 210 ], [ 496, 513 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The song featured as background music is titled \"Elegia\". It was recorded by the band New Order on the 1985 album Low-Life.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Soundtrack", "target_page_ids": [ 3675797, 22146, 774167 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 49, 55 ], [ 86, 95 ], [ 114, 122 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The film More was adapted into the music video for the song \"Hell Bent\" by Kenna.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Legacy", "target_page_ids": [ 2069466 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 75, 80 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "More was awarded the following honors:", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Awards", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Sundance Film Festival - Special Jury Prize for Short Films", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Awards", "target_page_ids": [ 23943448 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 22 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "South by Southwest - Best Animated Short", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Awards", "target_page_ids": [ 4130245 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 18 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Nominated - Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Awards", "target_page_ids": [ 61831 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 12, 54 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "ResFest – Audience Award for Best Film, Grand Audience Prize for Best Film", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Awards", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Aspen Shorts Fest - Special Jury prize", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Awards", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "World Fest Houston - Gold / Special Jury Prize for Shorts", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Awards", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "USA Film Festival - Dallas - Grand Jury Prize for Shorts", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Awards", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Toronto International Short Film Fest - Best Animated Short, Best Short Overall", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Awards", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Stony Brook Film Fest - Best Short Film", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Awards", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Message to Man International Film Festival - Russia – Best International Debut Film", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Awards", "target_page_ids": [ 16060215 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 14 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "PhilaFilm - Philadelphia – Best Animated Short", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Awards", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Nominated - Annie Award for Best Animated Short Subject", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Awards", "target_page_ids": [ 21087098 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 12, 55 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "St. Louis International Film Festival - Best Short Film", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Awards", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Uppsala International Short Film Festival/Sweden - Audience Award for Best Film", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Awards", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "San Francisco Indie Fest – Audience Award", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Awards", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "List of stop-motion films", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 7019387 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 25 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "IMAX", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 173787 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 4 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " More on YouTube", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Short of the Week article", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "1998_films", "Stop-motion_animated_short_films", "IMAX_short_films", "1998_short_films", "Clay_animation_films", "Films_directed_by_Mark_Osborne", "American_animated_short_films", "1998_animated_films", "1990s_stop-motion_animated_films", "1990s_American_films" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "Biscotti (; ; ), known also as cantucci (), are Italian almond biscuits that originated in the Tuscan city of Prato. They are twice-baked, oblong-shaped, dry, crunchy, and may be dipped in a drink, traditionally Vin Santo.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 3735620, 314994, 21967242, 1821975, 5797851 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 48, 55 ], [ 63, 70 ], [ 95, 101 ], [ 110, 115 ], [ 212, 221 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Cantuccio is an old Italian word that literally means \"little place\", \"nook\", or \"corner\" but that, in the past, was also used to indicate a little piece of bread with a lot of crust (usually the first and last slices of the loaf, the \"corners\").", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Name", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The word biscotto, used in modern Italian to refer to a biscuit (or cookie) of any kind, originates from the medieval Latin word biscoctus, meaning \"twice-cooked\". It characterised oven-baked goods that were baked twice, so they became very dry and could be stored for long periods of time. Such non-perishable food was particularly useful during journeys and wars, and twice-baked breads were a staple food of the Roman legions.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Name", "target_page_ids": [ 898044, 25994 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 109, 123 ], [ 415, 427 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The word biscotto, in this sense, shares its origin with the British-English (via Old French) word \"biscuit\", which refers to what American-English-speakers call a \"cookie\". In modern Italian, the word biscotto refers to any cookie or cracker, just as does the British use of the word \"biscuit\" (the number of bakings and the degree of hardness are not relevant to the term). In other countries, the term \"biscotti\", used as a singular, refers only to the specific Italian biscuit known in Italy as cantuccio.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Name", "target_page_ids": [ 4179, 320082, 314994, 1890, 7218 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 61, 76 ], [ 82, 92 ], [ 100, 107 ], [ 131, 147 ], [ 165, 171 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Although commonly used to indicate the biscuits of Prato, biscotti di Prato, in modern Italy and Argentina they are also known widely by the name \"cantuccini\". These names actually suggest other similar regional products of Italy. The term cantuccini is most commonly used today in Tuscany, but originally refers to variations or imitations which deviate from the traditional recipe in a few key points such as the use of yeasts, acids (to make them less dry) and flavourings. Rusks are larger, longer biscuits, rustic bread dough enriched with olive oil and anise seeds.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 1821975, 21967242, 34385, 22478, 68674 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 70, 75 ], [ 282, 289 ], [ 422, 427 ], [ 545, 554 ], [ 559, 570 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The confusion on the name may have been born from the fact that on the old sign (still present) of \"Biscottificio Antonio Mattei,\" the leading manufacturer of biscuits of Prato, is written just below the name of the shop: \"Manufacturers of cantuccini,\" which at the time were one of the major products of the biscuits. The sign has remained unchanged, and after such a long time people are accustomed to associate the name \"cantuccini\" with the biscuits typical of Sardinia and Sicily.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 29376, 27619 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 465, 473 ], [ 478, 484 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The Old French word bescoit passed into the English language as \"biscuit\", although in English as in Italian \"biscuit\" does not refer specifically to a twice-baked biscuit.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 320082, 8569916 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 4, 14 ], [ 44, 60 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In France, a similar biscuit is known as croquant.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "In Spain and France, the Catalan carquinyoli (, plural carquinyolis) is made with whole or sliced almonds and is also associated with several Catalan-speaking territories. In Batea, La Fatarella, and Prat de Comte, all inland municipalities of Catalonia, and in the Terra Alta, they are also called carquinyols.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 15712182, 19203219, 25080247, 161274 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 175, 180 ], [ 182, 194 ], [ 200, 213 ], [ 266, 276 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Biscotti are traditional also in some inland towns in Valencia, where they are called rosegons or rosegós. In Menorca, carquinyols are square shaped and do not include whole almonds. One Catalan food writer states that carquinyoli is derived from the French croquignole. Croquignole, another name for these biscotti, is a French word of Germanic origin.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 44741236, 59742, 5282, 11619, 10597, 23882444 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 54, 62 ], [ 110, 117 ], [ 187, 194 ], [ 195, 206 ], [ 251, 257 ], [ 320, 352 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In North America, where \"biscuit\" has taken on other meanings, any twice-baked biscuits are likely to be known as biscotti.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 21139 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 3, 16 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Following rediscovery of the original recipe by Prato pastry chef Antonio Mattei in the nineteenth century, his variation is what is now accepted as the traditional recipe for biscotti. Mattei brought his cakes to the Exposition Universelle of Paris of 1867, winning a special mention.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Recipe", "target_page_ids": [ 5161478 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 218, 240 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The mixture is composed exclusively of flour, sugar, eggs, pine nuts, and almonds that are not roasted or skinned. The traditional recipe uses no form of yeast or fat (butter, oil, milk). The barely wet dough is then cooked twice: once in slab form, and again after cutting in sliced form, with the second baking defining how hard the biscotti are.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Recipe", "target_page_ids": [ 56232, 27712, 19196010, 320509, 1064, 34385, 11042 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 39, 44 ], [ 46, 51 ], [ 53, 57 ], [ 59, 67 ], [ 74, 80 ], [ 154, 159 ], [ 163, 166 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Traditionally in Italy, biscotti di Prato are sold together with another sweet speciality of Prato, the bruttiboni. Served after dessert, they are usually combined with orange juice.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Recipe", "target_page_ids": [ 27951283, 52824 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 104, 114 ], [ 169, 181 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Today the regional variations of the original are still adhered to, but the modern mass-manufactured biscotti are in fact closer to cantuccini, variations of biscotti.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Recipe", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Modern biscotti recipes often contain nuts (traditional almonds, pine nuts, pistachios, and hazelnuts are popular choices) or spices such as anise or cinnamon.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Recipe", "target_page_ids": [ 251647, 1064, 320509, 40584, 291122, 26897, 68674, 53469 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 38, 41 ], [ 56, 62 ], [ 65, 73 ], [ 76, 85 ], [ 92, 100 ], [ 126, 131 ], [ 141, 146 ], [ 150, 158 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Modern recipes include adding baking powder and spices to the flour. The nuts are then added to allow them to be coated, with the skins being left particularly when using almonds and hazelnuts. Separately, eggs are beaten together, and then any wet flavouring (e.g., almond extract or liquor), before being added to the dry ingredients. Following twice baking (once in long slab form, secondly in cut sliced form), the biscotti may be dipped in a glaze, such as chocolate.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Recipe", "target_page_ids": [ 193284, 19196010, 1064, 7089 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 30, 43 ], [ 206, 210 ], [ 267, 281 ], [ 462, 471 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Since they are very dry, biscotti traditionally are served with a drink, into which they may be dunked. In Italy they are typically served as an after-dinner dessert with a Tuscan fortified wine called vin santo.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Use", "target_page_ids": [ 5797851 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 202, 211 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Outside of Italy, they more frequently accompany coffee, including cappuccinos and lattes, or black tea.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Use", "target_page_ids": [ 604727, 36956, 269496, 47837263 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 49, 55 ], [ 67, 77 ], [ 83, 88 ], [ 94, 103 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In Catalonia, carquinyolis are usually served with a small glass of a sweet dessert wine, such as muscat or moscatell.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Use", "target_page_ids": [ 57098, 890864, 890864 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 76, 88 ], [ 98, 104 ], [ 108, 117 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In the Catalan city Vic, \"Carquinyoli\" is also the name of a ceremonial figure who orchestrates an annual summer festival in honor of the patron saint Albert of Sicily. In Vilanova i la Geltrú, biscotti with almonds are called currutacos and are most typically associated with Palm Sunday, when they are used to ornament the palm leaves that are distributed to worshipers.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Culture", "target_page_ids": [ 84827, 68055, 8604508, 3452463, 24178 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 20, 23 ], [ 138, 150 ], [ 151, 167 ], [ 172, 192 ], [ 277, 288 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Biscotti are much used as an ingredient in a variety of traditional dishes. In Catalonia, such dishes include rice with sardines and rabbit with snails. They are also used in sauces with onions (specifically calçots). In coastal Baix Llobregat, biscotti are used in the sauce for a dish of duck stuffed with turnips.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Culture", "target_page_ids": [ 5477084, 105308 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 208, 214 ], [ 229, 243 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Biscocho", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 3675265 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 9 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Biscuit", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 314994 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 8 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Bizcocho", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 5286585 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 9 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Catalan cuisine", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 71058 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 16 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Crouton", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 394625 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 8 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Hardtack", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 368393 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 9 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Ka'ak", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 16273285 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 6 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Mandelbrot (cookie)", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 4420174 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 20 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Pignolo (macaroon)", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 10993971 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 19 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Rusk", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 1070039 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 5 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Zwieback", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 419207 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 9 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Umberto Mannucci, Bisenzio tradizioni e cucina, Libreria del Palazzo, Prato, 1973.", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "References", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Recipes", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Cooking For Engineers: biscotti recipe", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Twice-Cooked Delights. Retrieved February 26, 2005.", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "Italian_pastries", "Catalan_cuisine", "Biscuits", "Almond_cookies", "Twice-baked_goods", "Wine_culture", "Coffee_culture", "Cuisine_of_Tuscany", "Italian_products_with_protected_designation_of_origin" ]

[ "Cantuccio" ]

[ { "plaintext": "Polysomnography (PSG), a type of sleep study, is a multi-parameter study of sleep and a diagnostic tool in sleep medicine. The test result is called a polysomnogram, also abbreviated PSG. The name is derived from Greek and Latin roots: the Greek πολύς (polus for \"many, much\", indicating many channels), the Latin somnus (\"sleep\"), and the Greek γράφειν (graphein, \"to write\").", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 16615439, 25065, 27834, 9690068, 11887, 17730 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 33, 44 ], [ 51, 66 ], [ 76, 81 ], [ 107, 121 ], [ 213, 218 ], [ 223, 228 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Type I polysomnography is a sleep study performed overnight while being continuously monitored by a credentialed technologist. It records the physiological changes that occur during sleep, usually at night, though some labs can accommodate shift workers and people with circadian rhythm sleep disorders who sleep at other times. The PSG monitors many body functions, including brain activity (EEG), eye movements (EOG), muscle activity or skeletal muscle activation (EMG), and heart rhythm (ECG)1. After the identification of the sleep disorder sleep apnea in the 1970s, the breathing functions, respiratory airflow, and respiratory effort indicators were added along with peripheral pulse oximetry. Polysomnography no longer includes NPT monitoring for erectile dysfunction, as it is reported that all male patients will experience erections during phasic REM sleep, regardless of dream content.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 5329800, 490620, 21402632, 1070221, 2478738, 380541, 997173, 36808, 76988, 46966, 28445, 491962, 784642, 7276195, 14783, 167184 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 270, 301 ], [ 377, 382 ], [ 393, 396 ], [ 399, 402 ], [ 414, 417 ], [ 439, 454 ], [ 467, 470 ], [ 477, 482 ], [ 491, 494 ], [ 530, 544 ], [ 545, 556 ], [ 596, 607 ], [ 684, 698 ], [ 735, 738 ], [ 754, 774 ], [ 857, 866 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Limited channel polysomnography, or unattended home sleep tests, is called Type II – IV channel polysomnography. Polysomnography should only be performed by technicians and technologists who are specifically accredited in sleep medicine. However, at times nurses and respiratory therapists perform polysomnography without specific knowledge and training in the field.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Polysomnography data can be directly related to sleep onset latency (SOL), REM-sleep onset latency, the number of awakenings during the sleep period, the total sleep duration, percentages and durations of every sleep stage, and the number of arousals. But there can also be other information crucial for diagnostics, that are not directly linked with sleep, such as movements, respiration, and cardiovascular parameters. In any case, through polysomnographic evaluation, other information can be obtained (such as body temperature or esophageal pH) according to the patient's or the study's needs.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 17454635, 532199, 168506, 24530 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 48, 67 ], [ 242, 249 ], [ 534, 544 ], [ 545, 547 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Video-EEG polysomnography which combines polysomnography with video recording has been described as more effective than only polysomnography for the evaluation of sleep troubles such as parasomnias, because it allows easier correlation of EEG and polysomnography with bodily motion.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 5067584 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 186, 196 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Polysomnography is used to diagnose, or rule out, many types of sleep disorders, including narcolepsy, idiopathic hypersomnia, periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD), REM behavior disorder, parasomnias, and sleep apnea. Although it is not directly useful in diagnosing circadian rhythm sleep disorders, it may be used to rule out other sleep disorders.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Medical uses", "target_page_ids": [ 46966, 18835541, 24981838, 1701432, 298548, 5067584, 28445 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 64, 78 ], [ 91, 101 ], [ 103, 125 ], [ 127, 158 ], [ 167, 188 ], [ 190, 201 ], [ 207, 218 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The use of polysomnography as a screening test for persons having excessive daytime sleepiness as a sole presenting complaint is controversial.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Medical uses", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "A polysomnogram will typically record a minimum of 12 channels requiring a minimum of 22 wire attachments to the patient. These channels vary in every lab and may be adapted to meet the doctor's requests. There is a minimum of three channels for the EEG, one or two measure airflow, one or two are for chin muscle tone, one or more for leg movements, two for eye movements (EOG), one or two for heart rate and rhythm, one for oxygen saturation, and one each for the belts, which measure chest wall movement and upper abdominal wall movement. The movement of the belts is typically measured with piezoelectric sensors or respiratory inductance plethysmography. This movement is equated to effort and produces a low-frequency sinusoidal waveform as the patient inhales and exhales.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Mechanism", "target_page_ids": [ 1096360, 3446227, 30407298 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 426, 443 ], [ 595, 616 ], [ 620, 658 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Wires for each channel of recorded data lead from the patient and converge into a central box, which in turn is connected to a computer system for recording, storing and displaying the data. During sleep, the computer monitor can display multiple channels continuously. In addition, most labs have a small video camera in the room so the technician can observe the patient visually from an adjacent room.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Mechanism", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The electroencephalogram (EEG) will generally use six \"exploring\" electrodes and two \"reference\" electrodes, unless a seizure disorder is suspected, in which case more electrodes will be applied to document the appearance of seizure activity. The exploring electrodes are usually attached to the scalp near the frontal, central (top) and occipital (back) portions of the brain via a paste that will conduct electrical signals originating from the neurons of the cortex. These electrodes will provide a readout of the brain activity that can be \"scored\" into different stages of sleep (N1, N2, and N3 – which combined are referred to as NREM sleep – and Stage R, which is rapid eye movement sleep, or REM, and Wakefulness). The EEG electrodes are placed according to the International 10-20 system.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Mechanism", "target_page_ids": [ 21402632, 776322, 167184 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 4, 24 ], [ 636, 646 ], [ 671, 695 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The electrooculogram (EOG) uses two electrodes; one that is placed 1cm above the outer canthus of the right eye and one that is placed 1cm below the outer canthus of the left eye. These electrodes pick up the activity of the eyes in virtue of the electropotential difference between the cornea and the retina (the cornea is positively charged relative to the retina). This helps to determine when REM sleep occurs, of which rapid eye movements are characteristic, and also essentially aids in determining when sleep occurs.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Mechanism", "target_page_ids": [ 2478738, 1721029 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 4, 20 ], [ 87, 94 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The electromyogram (EMG) typically uses four electrodes to measure muscle tension in the body as well as to monitor for an excessive amount of leg movements during sleep (which may be indicative of periodic limb movement disorder, PLMD). Two leads are placed on the chin with one above the jawline and one below. This, like the EOG, helps determine when sleep occurs as well as REM sleep. Sleep generally includes relaxation and so a marked decrease in muscle tension occurs. A further decrease in skeletal muscle tension occurs in REM sleep. A person becomes partially paralyzed to make acting out of dreams impossible, although people that do not have this paralysis can develop REM behavior disorder. Finally, two more leads are placed on the anterior tibialis of each leg to measure leg movements.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Mechanism", "target_page_ids": [ 997173, 1701432, 298548, 2020477 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 4, 18 ], [ 198, 229 ], [ 681, 702 ], [ 746, 763 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Though a typical electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) would use ten electrodes, only two or three are used for a polysomnogram. They can either be placed under the collarbone on each side of the chest or one under the collarbone and the other six inches above the waist on either side of the body. These electrodes measure the electrical activity of the heart as it contracts and expands, recording such features as the \"P\" wave, \"QRS\" complex, and \"T\" wave. These can be analyzed for any abnormalities that might be indicative of an underlying heart pathology.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Mechanism", "target_page_ids": [ 76988 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 17, 34 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Nasal and oral airflow can be measured using pressure transducers, and/or a thermocouple, fitted in or near the nostrils; the pressure transducer is considered the more sensitive. This allows the clinician/researcher to measure the rate of respiration and identify interruptions in breathing. Respiratory effort is also measured in concert with nasal/oral airflow by the use of belts. These belts expand and contract upon breathing effort. However, this method of respiration may also produce false negatives. Some patients will open and close their mouth while obstructive apneas occur. This forces air in and out of the mouth while no air enters the airway and lungs. Thus, the pressure transducer and thermocouple will detect this diminished airflow and the respiratory event may be falsely identified as a hypopnea, or a period of reduced airflow, instead of an obstructive apnea.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Mechanism", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Pulse oximetry determines changes in blood oxygen levels that often occur with sleep apnea and other respiratory problems. The pulse oximeter fits over a fingertip or an earlobe.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Mechanism", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Snoring may be recorded with a sound probe over the neck, though more commonly the sleep technician will just note snoring as \"mild\", \"moderate\" or \"loud\" or give a numerical estimate on a scale of 1 to 10. Also, snoring indicates airflow and can be used during hypopneas to determine whether the hypopnea may be an obstructive apnea.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Mechanism", "target_page_ids": [ 205363 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 7 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "For the standard test, the patient comes to a sleep lab in the early evening and over the next 1–2 hours is introduced to the setting and \"wired up\" so that multiple channels of data can be recorded when he/she falls asleep. The sleep lab may be in a hospital, a free-standing medical office, or in a hotel. A sleep technician should always be in attendance and is responsible for attaching the electrodes to the patient and monitoring the patient during the study.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Procedure", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "During the study, the technician observes sleep activity by looking at the video monitor and the computer screen that displays all the data second by second. In most labs, the test is completed and the patient is discharged home by 7 a.m. unless a Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT) is to be done during the day to test for excessive daytime sleepiness.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Procedure", "target_page_ids": [ 3641274, 7183233 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 248, 275 ], [ 324, 352 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Most recently, health care providers may prescribe home studies to enhance patient comfort and reduce expense. The patient is given instructions after a screening tool is used, uses the equipment at home and returns it the next day. Most screening tools consist of an airflow measuring device (thermistor) and a blood oxygen monitoring device (pulse oximeter). The patient would sleep with the screening device for one to several days, then return the device to the health care provider. The provider would retrieve data from the device and could make assumptions based on the information given. For example, series of drastic blood oxygen desaturations during night periods may indicate some form of respiratory event (apnea). The equipment monitors, at a minimum, oxygen saturation. More sophisticated home study devices have most of the monitoring capability of their sleep lab technician run counterparts, and can be complex and time-consuming to set up for self-monitoring.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Procedure", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "After the test is completed a \"scorer\" analyzes the data by reviewing the study in 30-second \"epochs\".", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Interpretation", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The score consists of the following information:", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Interpretation", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Onset of sleep from time the lights were turned off: this is called \"sleep onset latency\" and normally is less than 20 minutes. (Note that determining \"sleep\" and \"awake\" is based solely on the EEG. Patients sometimes feel they were awake when the EEG shows they were sleeping. This may be because of sleep state misperception, drug effects on brain waves, or individual differences in brain waves.)", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Interpretation", "target_page_ids": [ 17454635 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 70, 89 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Sleep efficiency: the number of minutes of sleep divided by the number of minutes in bed. Normal is approximately 85 to 90% or higher.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Interpretation", "target_page_ids": [ 67685098 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 17 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Sleep stages: these are based on 3 sources of data coming from 7 channels: EEG (usually 4 channels), EOG (2), and chin EMG (1). From this information, each 30-second epoch is scored as \"awake\" or one of 4 sleep stages: 1, 2, 3, and REM, or Rapid Eye Movement, sleep. Stages 1–3 are together called non-REM sleep. Non-REM sleep is distinguished from REM sleep, which is altogether different. Within non-REM sleep, stage 3 is called \"slow wave\" sleep because of the relatively wide brain waves compared to other stages; another name for stage 3 is \"deep sleep\". By contrast, stages 1 and 2 are \"light sleep\". The figures show stage 3 sleep and REM sleep; each figure is a 30-second epoch from an overnight PSG.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Interpretation", "target_page_ids": [ 167184, 776322, 776322 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 241, 259 ], [ 299, 306 ], [ 399, 406 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "(The percentage of each sleep stage varies by age, with decreasing amounts of REM and deep sleep in older people. The majority of sleep at all ages (except infancy) is stage 2. REM normally occupies about 20-25% of sleep time. Many factors besides age can affect both the amount and percentage of each sleep stage, including drugs (particularly anti-depressants and pain medication), alcohol taken before bedtime, and sleep deprivation.)", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Interpretation", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Any breathing irregularities, mainly apneas and hypopneas. Apnea is a complete or near complete cessation of airflow for at least 10 seconds followed by an arousal and/or 3% (although Medicare still requires 4%) oxygen desaturation; hypopnea is a 30% or greater decrease in airflow for at least 10 seconds followed by an arousal and/or 4% oxygen desaturation. (The national insurance program Medicare in the US requires a 4% desaturation in order to include the event in the report.)", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Interpretation", "target_page_ids": [ 5370998, 58353 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 234, 242 ], [ 393, 401 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " \"Arousals\" are sudden shifts in brain wave activity. They may be caused by numerous factors, including breathing abnormalities, leg movements, environmental noises, etc. An abnormal number of arousals indicates \"interrupted sleep\" and may explain a person's daytime symptoms of fatigue and/or sleepiness.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Interpretation", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Cardiac rhythm abnormalities.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Interpretation", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Leg movements.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Interpretation", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Body position during sleep.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Interpretation", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Oxygen saturation during sleep.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Interpretation", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Once scored, the test recording and the scoring data are sent to the sleep medicine physician for interpretation. Ideally, interpretation is done in conjunction with the medical history, a complete list of drugs the patient is taking, and any other relevant information that might impact the study such as napping done before the test.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Interpretation", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Once interpreted, the sleep physician writes a report that is sent to the referring provider, usually with specific recommendations based on the test results.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Interpretation", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The below example report describes a patient's situation, the results of some tests and mentions CPAP as a treatment for obstructive sleep apnea. CPAP is continuous positive airway pressure and is delivered via a mask to the patient's nose or the patient's nose and mouth. (Some masks cover one, some both). CPAP is typically prescribed after the diagnosis of OSA is made from a sleep study (i.e., after a PSG test). To determine the correct amount of pressure and the right mask type and size, and also to make sure the patient can tolerate this therapy, a \"CPAP titration study\" is recommended. This is the same as a \"PSG\" but with the addition of the mask applied so the technician can increase the airway pressure inside the mask as needed, until all, or most, of the patient's airway obstructions are eliminated.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Examples of summary reports", "target_page_ids": [ 28445, 7727600 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 133, 144 ], [ 154, 189 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "This report recommends that Mr. J---- return for a CPAP titration study, which means a return to the lab for a second all-night PSG (this one with the mask applied). Often, however, when a patient manifests OSA in the first 2 or 3 hours of the initial PSG, the technician will interrupt the study and apply the mask right then and there; the patient is awakened and fitted for a mask. The rest of the sleep study is then a \"CPAP titration.\" When both the diagnostic PSG and a CPAP titration are done the same night, the entire study is called \"split night\".", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Examples of summary reports", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The split-night study has these advantages:", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Examples of summary reports", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " The patient only has to come to the lab once, so it is less disruptive than is coming two different nights;", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Examples of summary reports", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " It is \"half as expensive\" to whoever is paying for the study.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Examples of summary reports", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The split-night study has these disadvantages:", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Examples of summary reports", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " There is less time to make a diagnosis of OSA (Medicare in the US requires a minimum of 2 hours of diagnosis time before the mask can be applied); and", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Examples of summary reports", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " There is less time to assure an adequate CPAP titration. If the titration begins with only a few hours of sleep left, the remaining time may not assure a proper CPAP titration, and the patient may still have to return to the lab.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Examples of summary reports", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Because of costs, more and more studies for \"sleep apnea\" are attempted as split-night studies when there is early evidence for OSA. (Note that both types of study, with and without a CPAP mask, are still polysomnograms.) When the CPAP mask is worn, however, the flow-measurement lead in the patient's nose is removed. Instead, the CPAP machine relays all flow-measurement data to the computer. The below report is an example report which might be produced from a split night study:", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Examples of summary reports", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Polysomnographic technician", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 32805610 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 28 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Respiratory monitoring", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 279711 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 23 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Sleep disorder", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 46966 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 15 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Sleep medicine", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 9690068 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 15 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Sleep study", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 16615439 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 12 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Iber C, Ancoli-Israel S, Chesson A, and Quan SF for the American Academy of Sleep Medicine. The AASM Manual for the Scoring of Sleep and Associated Events: Rules, Terminology and Technical Specifications, 1st ed.: Westchester, Illinois: American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 2007.", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Further reading", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Practical guide to Polysomnography", "section_idx": 9, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " What is Polysomnography", "section_idx": 9, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " What is a Sleep Study for Sleep Apnea?", "section_idx": 9, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Polysomnography by Carmel Armon, on Medscape Reference", "section_idx": 9, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "Diagnostic_pulmonology", "Sleep_medicine" ]

[ "PSG", "polysomnogram" ]

[ { "plaintext": "Flux-cored arc welding (FCAW or FCA) is a semi-automatic or automatic arc welding process. FCAW requires a continuously-fed consumable tubular electrode containing a flux and a constant-voltage or, less commonly, a constant-current welding power supply. An externally supplied shielding gas is sometimes used, but often the flux itself is relied upon to generate the necessary protection from the atmosphere, producing both gaseous protection and liquid slag protecting the weld.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 440996, 10008, 493521, 32549, 6207, 1546777, 1924637, 41394056 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 70, 81 ], [ 144, 153 ], [ 167, 171 ], [ 187, 194 ], [ 225, 232 ], [ 233, 253 ], [ 279, 292 ], [ 456, 460 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "One type of FCAW requires no shielding gas. This is made possible by the flux core in the tubular consumable electrode. However, this core contains more than just flux. It also contains various ingredients that when exposed to the high temperatures of welding generate a shielding gas for protecting the arc. This type of FCAW is attractive because it is portable and generally has good penetration into the base metal. Also, windy conditions need not be considered. Some disadvantages are that this process can produce excessive, noxious smoke (making it difficult to see the weld pool). As with all welding processes, the proper electrode must be chosen to obtain the required mechanical properties. Operator skill is a major factor as improper electrode manipulation or machine setup can cause porosity.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Types", "target_page_ids": [ 19461794 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 797, 805 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Another type of FCAW uses a shielding gas that must be supplied by an external source. This is known informally as \"dual shield\" welding. This type of FCAW was developed primarily for welding structural steels. In fact, since it uses both a flux-cored electrode and an external shielding gas, one might say that it is a combination of gas metal (GMAW) and FCAW. The most often used shielding gases are either straight carbon dioxide or argon carbon dioxide blends. The most common blend used is 75% Argon 25% Carbon Dioxide. This particular style of FCAW is preferable for welding thicker and out-of-position metals. The slag created by the flux is also easy to remove. The main advantages of this process is that in a closed shop environment, it generally produces welds of better and more consistent mechanical properties, with fewer weld defects than either the SMAW or GMAW processes. In practice it also allows a higher production rate, since the operator does not need to stop periodically to fetch a new electrode, as is the case in SMAW. However, like GMAW, it cannot be used in a windy environment as the loss of the shielding gas from air flow will produce porosity in the weld.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Types", "target_page_ids": [ 33731132, 250438, 239076 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 346, 350 ], [ 622, 626 ], [ 866, 870 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Wire feed speed ", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Process variables", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Arc voltage", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Process variables", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Electrode extension", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Process variables", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Travel speed", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Process variables", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Electrode angles", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Process variables", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Electrode wire type", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Process variables", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Shielding gas composition (if required)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Process variables", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Reverse polarity (Electrode Positive) is used for FCAW Gas-Shielded wire, Straight polarity (Electrode Negative) is used for self shielded FCAW", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Process variables", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Contact tip to work distance (CTWD)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Process variables", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " FCAW may be an \"all-position\" process with the right filler metals (the consumable electrode)", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Advantages and applications", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " No shielding gas needed with some wires making it suitable for outdoor welding and/or windy conditions", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Advantages and applications", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " A high-deposition rate process (speed at which the filler metal is applied) in the 1G/1F/2F", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Advantages and applications", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Some \"high-speed\" (e.g., automotive) applications", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Advantages and applications", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " As compared to SMAW and GTAW, there is less skill required for operators.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Advantages and applications", "target_page_ids": [ 1448709 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 25, 29 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Less precleaning of metal required", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Advantages and applications", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Metallurgical benefits from the flux such as the weld metal being protected initially from external factors until the slag is chipped away", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Advantages and applications", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Porosity chances very low", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Advantages and applications", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Less equipment required, easier to move around (no gas bottle)", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Advantages and applications", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Used on the following alloys:", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Advantages and applications", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Mild and low alloy steels", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Advantages and applications", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Stainless steels", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Advantages and applications", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Some high nickel alloys", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Advantages and applications", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Some wearfacing/surfacing alloys", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Advantages and applications", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Of course, all of the usual issues that occur in welding can occur in FCAW such as incomplete fusion between base metals, slag inclusion (non-metallic inclusions), and cracks in the welds. But there are a few concerns that come up with FCAW that are worth taking special note of:", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Disadvantages", "target_page_ids": [ 5298137 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 138, 161 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Melted contact tip – when the contact tip actually contacts the base metal, fusing the two and melting the hole on the end.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Disadvantages", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Irregular wire feed – typically a mechanical problem.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Disadvantages", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Porosity – the gases (specifically those from the flux-core) don’t escape the welded area before the metal hardens, leaving holes in the welded metal.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Disadvantages", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " More costly filler material/wire as compared to GMAW.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Disadvantages", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " The amount of smoke generated can far exceed that of SMAW, GMAW, or GTAW.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Disadvantages", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Changing filler metals requires changing an entire spool. This can be slow and difficult as compared to changing filler metal for SMAW or GTAW.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Disadvantages", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "American Welding Society, Welding Handbook, Vol 2 (9th ed.)", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "References", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "\"Flux Cored Welding.\" Welding Procedures & Techniques. 23 June 2006. American Metallurgical Consultants. 13 Sep 2006 <>.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "References", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Groover, Mikell P. Fundamentals of Modern Manufacturing. Second. New York City: John Wiley & Sons, INC, 2002.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "References", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "\"Solid Wire Versus Flux-Cored Wire - When to Use Them and Why.\" Miller Electric Mfg. Co. 13 Sep 2006 <>.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "References", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "History Of Flux Cored Arc Welding before 1950's", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "References", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "Arc_welding" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "The Style Invitational, or Invite, is a long-running humor contest that ran first in the Style section of the Sunday Washington Post before moving to Saturday's Style and later returning to the Sunday paper. Started in 1993, it has run weekly, except for a hiatus in late 1999. In that time, it has had two head judges who select winning entries: \"The Czar\" and \"The Empress.\" The Czar, who was anonymous, abdicated in late 2003, leaving the contest in the hands of his former associate, The Empress, copy editor Patricia (Pat) Myers. The humor ranges from an intellectual vein to a less mature style, and frequently touches on sophisticated political or historical allusions. While the contest theme changes every week, some popular contests are periodically repeated. The S.I. has a loyal following of self-proclaimed \"Losers,\" who refer to having a contest entry published as \"getting ink\".", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 102226 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 117, 132 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The Style Invitational kicked off in March 1993 by asking readers to come up with a less offensive name for the Washington Redskins. The winner, published two weeks later, was Douglas R. Miller, with the entry \"The Baltimore Redskins. No, don't move the team, just let Baltimore deal with it.\" He won a Timex watch like the one President Bill Clinton wore at the time, and apparently never entered again, as he wanted to retire undefeated.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 33673, 26997138 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 112, 131 ], [ 215, 224 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The second week's contest was to replace the state of Maryland's slogan \"Manly deeds, Womanly words\" and yielded up such responses as \"Maryland - Home to its residents\" and winner \"Maryland - Wait! We can explain!\" by Oslo. He won an as yet unpurchased large kitschy crab sculpture/decoration, but traded it for a Timex watch like the one President Bill Clinton wore at the time. Another early contest asked entrants to help choose a better nickname for Washington, D.C., to replace \"A Capital City\". Exemplifying the S.I.'s irreverence, the winning entry was \"A Work-Free Drug Place\".", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The contest had a several-month hiatus beginning in August 1999, and restarted in January 2000. It usually receives entries from hundreds of persons each week and, since up to 25 entries are allowed for each individual, has received upwards of 20,000 entries in a single week.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "A group of devotees (see links) of the S.I. meets periodically in the Washington, D.C. area, and hosts an annual \"Flushies\" awards dinner that has attracted gameplayers from as far away as Ireland and California. The contest also gets entries from England, Scotland, Australia and New Zealand. Further indicative of interest in the S.I. was a (now-defunct) Rotisserie League, in which players championed and won points for the successes of their favorite entrants. There has also been a contest newsletter, \"Depravda\", begun by Elden Carnahan of Laurel, MD, and subsequently foisted off on another unsuspecting Loser. Once a proud monthly periodical, \"Depravda\" now appears only when editorial inertia can be overcome.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 10653 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 357, 374 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In August 2007, the contest was moved to the Style section of Saturday's Post when Sunday Style was shortened and combined with Arts. In early 2011, the Invitational returned to the Post's Sunday Style.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Numerous humorous lists passed around the Internet, and usually mis-attributed, had their actual origin in the Style Invitational.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The most notable name in S.I. annals is Chuck Smith, of Woodbridge, Virginia, who first won in the contest's sixth week. His frequent successes inspired a contest solely to decide what to do about him. He won that contest, too.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Notable entrants", "target_page_ids": [ 137733 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 56, 76 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Brendan Beary, of Great Mills, Md., was the 2005 chart topper, with 179 \"inks\". In 2006, he won a limerick contest between himself and Chris Doyle (see below).", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Notable entrants", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Russell Beland, formerly of Springfield, Virginia now of Fairfax, Virginia, was the first Loser to reach 1,500 inks, a record he set in June 2011. He passed 1,000 in 2006, and earned the opportunity to judge a week of the contest. He has temporarily retired from the Invitational on several occasions, one of which prompted a contest to suggest an Invitational prize sufficient to lure him back. (One entry: \"A night on the town with Mrs. Beland.\")", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Notable entrants", "target_page_ids": [ 137592, 91328 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 28, 49 ], [ 57, 74 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Elden Carnahan, of Laurel, Maryland (aka Grace Fuller) tabulates running statistics on the contest that are available on the \"Losers\"' unofficial web site.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Notable entrants", "target_page_ids": [ 116541 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 19, 35 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Chris Doyle, currently entering from Denton, Texas and earlier from various Internet cafes during dozens of overseas trips, is known for his prodigious wordplay, poetry and anagrams, and was a perennial winner in a similar past contest in New York magazine, from which the S.I. may have drawn its inspiration. He is the current all-time Invitational leader, the first entrant to amass over 2,000 inks, and is also the third-most prolific contributor to the Omnificent English Dictionary in Limerick Form (OEDILF). Many Style Invitational Losers have become OEDILF contributors (and vice versa) after the Invitational's Week 572 Contest.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Notable entrants", "target_page_ids": [ 135768, 304873, 714699, 2635057 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 37, 50 ], [ 76, 89 ], [ 239, 256 ], [ 458, 513 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Kevin Dopart, of Washington D.C., has been a frequent contributor to the contest. He became the fastest entrant ever and 4th overall to attain 1,000 inks, reaching that number in January 2014. He was the top-inking Loser in each year from 2006 through 2012.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Notable entrants", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Sarah Worcester Gaymon, of Gambrills, Maryland, is a former Jeopardy! champion, as is Mark Eckenwiler. John Holder, of Charlotte, N.C., and Matt Monitto, of Bristol, Connecticut, won on Wheel of Fortune.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Notable entrants", "target_page_ids": [ 2794513, 27748226, 57447, 233764, 25749059 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 27, 46 ], [ 60, 69 ], [ 119, 134 ], [ 157, 177 ], [ 186, 202 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Jennifer Hart, of Arlington, Va., has been a frequent winner and eclipsed Chuck Smith as all-time points leader during the years in which she actively participated.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Notable entrants", "target_page_ids": [ 91363 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 18, 32 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Niels Hoven, originally from Silver Spring, appeared on the third season of Beauty and the Geek.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Notable entrants", "target_page_ids": [ 1974940 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 76, 95 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Frank Mann, of Washington, D.C., is the brother of singer Aimee Mann.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Notable entrants", "target_page_ids": [ 293046 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 58, 68 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Joe Romm, of Washington D.C., was a frequent contributor from the contest's second year until a gradual decline in his participation from around 2006. His entries appeared 343 times, including 16 winning entries, and he was the first \"Rookie of the Year\". Among his submissions was the winning entry of what was later declared to be the best overall week's results of the Style Invitational's first decade. (A discarded first draft of some famous line: \"We hold these truths to be, like, du-uuh.\")", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Notable entrants", "target_page_ids": [ 5209207 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 8 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Ervin Stembol, of Alexandria, Va., has been an occasional winner in this and other humor contests. His unmasking as a nom de plume prompted the current contest rule barring pseudonymous entries.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Notable entrants", "target_page_ids": [ 18940583 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 18, 33 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Bob Staake (pronounced \"Stack\") illustrates the contest and occasionally suggests contest ideas.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Notable entrants", "target_page_ids": [ 3616544 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 10 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Tom Witte, of Montgomery Village, Md., is a frequent winner and contest-namer. In 2009 he became the third person to amass 1,000 appearances.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Notable entrants", "target_page_ids": [ 116485 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 14, 37 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "\"The Czar of the Style Invitational\" was, until December 2003, the pseudonymous man behind the contest. He chose all the winners - calling the contest the \"last pure meritocracy on Earth\" - and controlled all aspects of the contest.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Czar/Empress", "target_page_ids": [ 20971 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 166, 177 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Very little was known about the Czar for some time, except that he worked for the Washington Post coming up with the contest ideas and choosing the winners for every week's contest. Post writer and humorist Gene Weingarten was believed to be the Czar despite public denials. However, in 1999, and again in 2001, he admitted in his column that he edited the feature.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Czar/Empress", "target_page_ids": [ 1099640 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 207, 222 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The Czar retired in late 2003, giving all the power to \"The Empress of the Style Invitational\", who has suggested she has a lower tolerance for immature or bathroom humor than the Czar.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Czar/Empress", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "In early 2011, with the Invitational's move to Sunday's Style section, the Empress was outed by the Post as former copy editor Pat Myers, whose real name appears in the byline. On washingtonpost.com and in the contest's discussion group, the Style Conversational, she still goes by \"The Empress.\"", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Czar/Empress", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Each week's contest begins with a few examples of answers to the contest, which is confusing since they appear before the contest theme for the week is presented. There is often a picture or pictorial example. Sometimes the contest relates to a picture, such as one where entrants suggest what a given cartoon picture or group of pictures might represent. Beneath this is a paragraph beginning with the phrase \"This week's contest,\" followed by a description of the contest. There is then fine print describing the prizes, how to enter, and how to determine if you are eligible for the prizes.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Format", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Following is the \"Report from Week X,\" where X = [this week's contest number] - 4, the result of the four weeks between when a contest is first shown and the winners are announced. These results begin with commentary by The Empress on the results, entries that were too common to publish, funny but un-printable entries, and anything else of note. There follows the first- to fourth-place entries in that order, after which is listed a (usually) generous number of Honorable Mentions, and the week's report ends with a reminder of which contest results will appear the next week. On occasion, the Post website includes \"overflow\" Honorable Mentions absent from the print editions; this is typically limited to contest results in which each entry is necessarily lengthy (e.g., song parody lyrics) and the print column capable of running only a small number of entries.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Format", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Aside from the typical Winner, Runners-Up, and Honorable Mentions, there have been many other means to get one's name in print over the years. Ongoing methods include donating the weird prizes, suggesting the contest for the week, supplying a revised title for Honorable Mention entries for a given week's results, and writing the revised contest title that runs when the contest results are printed. There is an occasional \"Anti-Invitational\" entry printed (being an entry that is directly opposite what was asked for in the contest). Defunct past themes included writing the \"Ear No One Reads\", being \"Uncle's Pick\" (a reference to a humorless figure nominated to replace the Czar years ago), being the Rookie of the Week, and penning the Contest's short-lived \"Dead Presidents\" comic strip.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Winning isn't everything", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Individuals are often singled out for abuse by Czar or Empress. Verbal abuse is frequently heaped upon writers of remarkably obscene or distasteful entries, and individuals who whine about the judging (see Russell Beland) or overtly lobby for their own entries. The Empress is constantly on the look out for flagrant plagiarism (defined as \"being in touch with one's inner Google\"), the penalty for which is severe admonition and retribution.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Winning isn't everything", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Prizes have changed under the current administration, as tabulated below. In March 2012, a reusable grocery bag was introduced as a new runner-up prize; just weeks later, the Empress switched to a new first-place statue, the \"Inkin' Memorial\" (an Abraham Lincoln bobblehead) from the original \"Inker\" (a bookend of The Thinker with a paper bag over its head) after the bookends went out of manufacture. In 2017, a new trophy, the “Lose Cannon”, replaced the “Inkin’ Memorial”, when it too became unavailable.", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Prizes", "target_page_ids": [ 307, 408623, 660546 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 247, 262 ], [ 263, 273 ], [ 315, 326 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "NRARS.org, the semi-official website of the Style Invitational Losers", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The Style Invitational Page of the Washington Post, with an archive of 100 weeks of the contest.", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Style Invitational Illustrator Bob Staake's website. Staake has illustrated the contest every week since 1993.", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "The_Washington_Post", "Culture_of_Washington,_D.C.", "Publications_established_in_1993", "1993_establishments_in_Washington,_D.C." ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "The Eastern Suburbs Rugby Union Football Club is a team in the Intrust Super Shute Shield, the premier club rugby union football competition in New South Wales.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 25405, 21654 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 108, 119 ], [ 144, 159 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The club is based in Rose Bay in the eastern suburbs of Sydney, and was founded in 1900.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 491543, 708024, 27862 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 21, 29 ], [ 37, 52 ], [ 56, 62 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Easts have won a total of 77 NSWRU premiership titles or shields across all grades, as well as 9 club championships.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 4044378 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 29, 34 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Club Colors: Navy Blue, White and Red", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club information", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Home stadium: Woollahra Oval (1949-), Waverley Oval (1936–1948), Rushcutters Bay Oval (1900–1935), Centennial Park Oval* (2018)", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club information", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " *Centennial Park Oval was used as the club's home ground, Woollahra Oval had complications with the installation of a synthetic turf, which was then relaid.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club information", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Coaches:", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club information", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Head Coach: Simon Kneebone ", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club information", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Colts Head Coach: Dan England", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club information", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Eastern Suburbs District Rugby Union Football Club was formed at a meeting at the Paddington Town Hall on Thursday, 22 March 1900. In an assembly presided over by the mayor and aldermen of Woollahra Council, 200 Eastern Suburbs residents turned out to hear Colonel J.C. Nield put forward a case for the birth of a local rugby club. The sports journalist Jack Davis motioned for the formation of the club and, from that point forth, Eastern Suburbs Rugby Union Football club came into being. Easts Rugby is the oldest district rugby union club in Australia.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Club history", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Since then, Easts Rugby has seen a lot of great players. The first ever try-scorer for Eastern Suburbs in a first grade premiership match was H.D. Thompson, who scored a try on 19 May 1900 playing Glebe at the Sydney Cricket Ground. That same day, Leo Finn made the conversion and became Easts first goal scorer. That year, Easts Rugby was honoured to have test forward A.J. (Tiger) Kelly become its first NSW representative, when he helped lead NSW to victory over QLD 11–9 in Sydney on 21 July 1900. However, it was not until 1903, when J.W. Maund was named in the Australian side, that Easts saw its first Wallaby.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Club history", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "As the years moved on, Easts Rugby saw success on many occasions. The club was helped along by a raft of talent that included H.H. (Dally) Messenger, G.C. (Wakka) Walker, sports star Harald Baker, and Victorian Cross winner Bede Kenny. Easts also had a notable backline when Stanley R. Rowley – Australia's first Olympic sprint medalist – joined the team in the early 1900s. Other noted players included Dr Alex Ross, Englishman Ed Slater, Robert Westfield, Colin J. Sefton, Wallaby Murray Tate, reputed goal-kicker John Cox, World Cup winners Tony Daly and Jason Little, the world's best number 8 in his era Tim Gavin and H.R. (Perc) Newton who played a record 264 grade games for Easts.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Club history", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "In all, Easts Rugby has won a total of 79 premiership titles or shields across Grade and Colts from 1900 to 2013. Along with this, they have won 9 club championships and continue to be a breeding ground for superstars of the future.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Club history", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "A women's team was first established in 1994. Team captains were Sarah Roxburgh and Amy Copeland.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Club history", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "FIRST DIVISION", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " 1st Grade Premiers (Shute Shield since 1923): 1903, 1913, 1921, 1931, 1941, 1944, 1946, 1947, 1969", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " ES Marks Minor Premierships: 1953, 1969, 1970, 2000", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "SECOND DIVISION'''", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " 1st Grade Premiers (Colin Lawson Memorial Trophy): 1981, 1984", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Recent titles in other grades:", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " 2018, 2009 Colin Caird Shield", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " 2010 Henderson Cup", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " 2019 Shell Trophy", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " 2019, 2018, 2013 Bill Simpson Shield", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Adam Fullgrabe", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Players of note", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Tom Bowman", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Players of note", "target_page_ids": [ 6138917 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 10 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Mark Bakewell", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Players of note", "target_page_ids": [ 56721230 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 13 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Ryan Cross", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Players of note", "target_page_ids": [ 4421527 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 10 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Tony Daly", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Players of note", "target_page_ids": [ 13239927 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 9 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Huia Edmonds", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Players of note", "target_page_ids": [ 27493385 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 12 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Scott Van Houten", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Players of note", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Ted Fahey", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Players of note", "target_page_ids": [ 28135730 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 9 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Tim Gavin", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Players of note", "target_page_ids": [ 37502646 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 9 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Andrew Heath", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Players of note", "target_page_ids": [ 51497307 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 12 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Matt Hodgson", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Players of note", "target_page_ids": [ 26705248 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 12 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Neill Hunt", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Players of note", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Jason Little", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Players of note", "target_page_ids": [ 5180077 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 12 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Malcolm McArthur", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Players of note", "target_page_ids": [ 11118396 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 16 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Archer Holz", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Players of note", "target_page_ids": [ 67087050 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 11 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Keith McLellan", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Players of note", "target_page_ids": [ 39403266 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 14 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Dally Messenger", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Players of note", "target_page_ids": [ 2072796 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 15 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Ed Slater", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Players of note", "target_page_ids": [ 29879798 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 9 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Tiaan Strauss", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Players of note", "target_page_ids": [ 17779880 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 13 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Fred Thompson", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Players of note", "target_page_ids": [ 28136147 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 13 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "John Welborn", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Players of note", "target_page_ids": [ 3424054 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 12 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Brendan McKibbin", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Players of note", "target_page_ids": [ 35562098 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 16 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Matt Toomua ", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Players of note", "target_page_ids": [ 16822541 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 11 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Jack Maddocks ", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Players of note", "target_page_ids": [ 53328174 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 13 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Kotaro Matsushima (2015)", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Players of note", "target_page_ids": [ 45311803 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 17 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Woollahra Colleagues RFC", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Nearby Clubs", "target_page_ids": [ 42826083 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 24 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Waverley Rugby Club", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Nearby Clubs", "target_page_ids": [ 9722580 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 19 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Easts Rugby Club, Sydney", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "Rugby_union_teams_in_Sydney", "Rugby_clubs_established_in_1900", "1900_establishments_in_Australia", "Rose_Bay,_New_South_Wales" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "The Ellen DeGeneres Show (often shortened to Ellen or The Ellen Show) is an American daytime television variety comedy talk show that was created and hosted by its namesake Ellen DeGeneres. Debuting on September 8, 2003, it was produced by Telepictures and aired in syndication. The majority of stations owned by NBC Owned Television Stations, along with Hearst Television and Tegna, served as the program's largest affiliate base. For its first five seasons, the show was taped in Studio 11 at NBC Studios in Burbank, California. From season 6 onwards, the show moved to being taped at Stage 1 on the nearby Warner Bros. lot. Since the beginning of the sixth season, The Ellen DeGeneres Show has been broadcast in high definition.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 87893, 18307757, 1712179, 327785, 36468012, 910070, 47111512, 32490128, 107608, 34052, 16315657 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 119, 128 ], [ 173, 188 ], [ 240, 252 ], [ 266, 277 ], [ 313, 342 ], [ 355, 372 ], [ 377, 382 ], [ 495, 506 ], [ 510, 529 ], [ 609, 621 ], [ 715, 730 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The show received 171 Daytime Emmy Award nominations and won 61 Daytime Emmy Awards as of 2021, including four for Outstanding Talk Show and seven for Outstanding Talk Show Entertainment, making 11 total awards and surpassing the record held by The Oprah Winfrey Show, which won nine as Outstanding Talk Show before it was divided into two categories (Informative and Entertainment) in 2008. The show also won 17 People's Choice Awards. On May 21, 2019, DeGeneres announced she had signed for three more years, renewing the show through 2022. The eighteenth season premiered on September 21, 2020. On May 12, 2021, DeGeneres announced that the nineteenth season would be her last. It premiered on September 13, 2021.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 721437, 27874015, 28799990, 61949, 567045 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 22, 40 ], [ 115, 136 ], [ 151, 186 ], [ 245, 267 ], [ 413, 435 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The final episode aired on Thursday, May 26, 2022, as previously announced on March 17, 2022. Affiliate stations on which Ellen's show aired are set to continue to run the program throughout the summer until September 9th with guest hosts, compilation shows, and repeats.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The program combines comedy, celebrity, musical guests, and human-interest stories. The program often features audience participation games where prizes are awarded. During her Twelve Days of Giveaways promotion, audience members receive roughly $3,000 worth of prizes on each of twelve episodes. Because the show has become so popular, not all who arrive hoping to see a taping can fit into the studio, so an offshoot space, dubbed by Tom Hanks \"The Riff Raff Room\", was created. People seated here are often referenced and shown briefly on camera but watch the taping from off-stage. Other non-celebrities have been featured in an attempt by DeGeneres to give them 15 minutes of fame. Guests in this role have included intelligent children, small business owners, etc. In the show's third season, DeGeneres began surprising fans by introducing them to their favorite celebrities.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [ 43568, 1422207 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 436, 445 ], [ 667, 685 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Several recurring sounds, gags, and catchphrases are used by DeGeneres depending on the topic of discussion or theme for a specific episode. For example, after DeGeneres says the phrase, \"Aww Snap!\", a sound effect of a whip cracking often is played. In her monologue, DeGeneres frequently thanks the audience's applause by saying \"I feel the same way about you!\" Other video segments include DeGeneres scaring people, playing pranks, taking part in faux-breaking news segments, interacting with crew members, etc. Other recurring segments include those where DeGeneres comments on Internet videos, tabloid-style photographs of celebrities, advertisements on Craigslist, or voicemails left for her on an answering machine. Some segments feature audience members more prominently, including having audience members show hidden talents, pictures of others that resemble DeGeneres, interviewing children, etc.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [ 19375754 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 659, 669 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "DeGeneres frequently plays games with audience members and awards prizes based upon their performance. Games have included Pictionary-style drawing games, finding hidden objects within the studio, category, current event or pop-culture-based trivia, and various other stunt and charade-based games. DeGeneres also joked several times on the show about when a sequel to Finding Nemo, in which she famously had a lead role, would eventually release, as well as make references to the film. Eventually, the sequel, Finding Dory, was officially announced by DeGeneres.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [ 75787, 239587, 38992103 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 123, 133 ], [ 369, 381 ], [ 512, 524 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The show has many recurring segments throughout the years. Some include:", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Oh Hair No! is a segment that involves fans sending DeGeneres pictures of their funny haircuts, some of which appear on the show.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Know or Go is a segment involving three audience members (as contestants) who answer questions based on different topics such as Thanksgiving, current events. Upon an incorrect answer, the contestant gets dropped through a trapdoor. The remaining contestant will have to answer 3 questions correct in a row in order to win the game.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Clumsy Thumbsy is a segment in which DeGeneres shows messed up auto corrects sent in by fans.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Oh Puh-lice is a segment in which odd police reports are shown.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Ellen's Dance Dare is a segment in which viewers send videos of themselves secretly dancing behind oblivious people. Irish jigs were featured on the 2012 St. Patrick's Day episode. Many celebrities have participated such as Emma Stone, Zac Efron, Lilly Singh, The Janoskians and Taylor Swift.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [ 3741746, 16705483, 43198473, 36058977, 5422144 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 225, 235 ], [ 237, 246 ], [ 248, 259 ], [ 261, 275 ], [ 280, 292 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Bad Paid-for Tattoos Odd, usually misspelled body art is displayed.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " A Little Yelp From My Friends DeGeneres reads reviews from the website Yelp.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [ 4179702 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 72, 76 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " \"What's Wrong with These Photos?\" Photos Silly photos sent in by viewers are featured.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " \"What Were They Thinking?\" Audience Dancing Audience members are shown dancing with voices acting out the dancers' thoughts.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " \"What's Wrong with These Signs?\" Signs Viewers send DeGeneres pictures of signs that aren't quite right.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Tony Karaoke is a segment that features the show's DJ, Tony, singing often wrong-but-hilarious lyrics to popular songs.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Tea Time with Sophia Grace and Rosie is a segment in which Sophia Grace & Rosie interview celebrity guests on the show, all while enjoying cookies and tea.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " OMKalen features Kalen Allen reacting, often dramatically, to videos. The segment has become recurring on EllenTube.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " ApPARENTly Confused is a segment in which DeGeneres shows messages written by parents who don't understand texting and technology.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " In Your FACEbook is a segment in which DeGeneres shares funny Facebook photos taken from the profile pages of audience members.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Weekly Tweetly Roundup is a segment in which DeGeneres shares funny and interesting tweets.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Classic Joke Thursday is a segment in which DeGeneres shares funny jokes/puns, usually in a conversation with the show's DJ.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " This Plus That is a segment in which a montage of dancing audience members is shown usually combined with humorous sound effects.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Just KID-ink is a segment in which DeGeneres shares funny drawings from kids.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " INSTA-grammification is a segment in which DeGeneres shares funny and unusual pictures from the show's Instagram page.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " \"Vine After Vine\" is a segment in which DeGeneres shares funny 6-second video clips from the popular mobile app Vine.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [ 38319106 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 113, 117 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " \"Grand Design\" an online segment in which DeGeneres, with presenters and home makeover experts the \"Kitchen Cousins\" John Colaneri and Anthony Carrino would redesign a room in just 24 hours on a budget of $1,000.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " \"What Have YOU Been Up to on Facebook?\" is a recurring segment in which DeGeneres reveals some personal and private information of the public to the audience.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " \"Starbucks Prank!\" is a recurring segment in which DeGeneres sends popular celebrities out to Starbucks to prank the cashiers.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [ 178771 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 95, 104 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " \"What The Heck Are These Kids Talking About?\" is a former segment in which DeGeneres reviews rap lyrics and tries to figure out what they mean.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " \"Celebrity Pranks!\" is a segment in which DeGeneres often pulls a prank or scares celebrity guests, although she once pranked a pair of best friends she brought on the show (one posted a video of scaring the other every day for a year). Although any celebrity can fall victim to it at any time, some have fallen for it often including Taylor Swift, Eric Stonestreet, Sarah Paulson, and Selena Gomez, who have each fallen for it at least five times over multiple appearances. On several occasions, the celebrity is pranked more than once during the same show (Octavia Spencer and Sam Smith as well as the previously mentioned ones). Some pranks include (but are not limited to) scaring guests in the dressing room (usually the bathroom), having a staff member or another celebrity scare them onstage during the interview (using various methods ranging from simple to inventive), or backstage shenanigans where her own staff, particularly Andy Lassner, are frequent victims as well. On occasion the prank fails to scare the intended target, usually prompting a wisecrack from DeGeneres (e.g. Russell Crowe, Colin Farrell, Daniel Radcliffe, and Garth Brooks). DeGeneres herself is an occasional target but has proven to be very difficult to pull a prank on with two celebrities (Steve Carell and Matt Lauer) being the only ones to successfully prank her as of April 2021.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [ 5422144, 12089889, 2016144, 6844407, 8694199, 38954428, 57869748, 25695, 206705, 153295, 12231, 1327710, 1142809 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 336, 348 ], [ 350, 366 ], [ 368, 381 ], [ 387, 399 ], [ 560, 575 ], [ 580, 589 ], [ 938, 950 ], [ 1091, 1104 ], [ 1106, 1119 ], [ 1121, 1137 ], [ 1143, 1155 ], [ 1277, 1289 ], [ 1294, 1304 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " \"Chat Time With Ellen!\" is a talk-show segment in which DeGeneres talks about—or to—people who have made viral videos.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Can Andy Say That? is a segment in which DeGeneres has the show's executive producer, Andy Lassner, repeat funny phrases that are filled with double entendres and sexual innuendo.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [ 57869748 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 87, 99 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Haunted House (the segment is actually untitled) is an annual segment in which DeGeneres sends her writer, Amy Rhodes, to various haunted houses in the days leading up to Halloween. In later years, Amy was joined in the haunted houses by her own mother, as well as the show's executive producer Andy Lassner. After Andy's stint going through with Amy, DeGeneres has made him go through every year, replacing Amy after she left the show. He's been joined by other DeGeneres staff members as well as celebrities like Ariana Grande, Taylor Swift, Eric Stonestreet, Sarah Paulson, and DeGeneres's wife Portia de Rossi (as well as others) have also been sent to a haunted house. In one instance, DeGeneres herself joined Andy and went through a haunted house based on the 2017 film It. On other occasions some of DeGeneres' staff (Integrations Assistant Mackenzie, producer Matt Wright and Kalen Allen) went through without Andy. DeGeneres has occasionally sent celebrities on their own as well (Katie Lowes and Guillermo Diaz for example).", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [ 57869748, 25276055, 5422144, 12089889, 276392, 50287849, 34591187, 718232 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 296, 308 ], [ 516, 529 ], [ 531, 543 ], [ 545, 561 ], [ 599, 614 ], [ 768, 780 ], [ 992, 1003 ], [ 1008, 1022 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Average Andy is a segment in which DeGeneres sends her executive producer Andy Lassner to learn new skills from the world's most talented people.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [ 57869748 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 75, 87 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Throwback Thursday is a segment in which every Thursday DeGeneres revisits funny moments from previous seasons.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " \"Who's In My Bushes?\" is a segment in which a celebrity is hidden in decorative bushes in which DeGeneres will ask questions to that celebrity and eventually comes out when figured. However, during this segment, DeGeneres already knows who the celebrity is and the audience will just play along.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Take That, China! is a segment in which DeGeneres makes jokes about impractical and often unwise American inventions.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Breaking News is a segment in which news anchor Devin Scillian interrupts the show and delivers unusually mundane, humorous breaking news.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [ 6893705 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 49, 63 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Why I Don't Have Kids is a segment in which DeGeneres shows pictures or videos sent in by viewers of crazy situations they have encountered with their kids.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Epic or Fail is a segment considered to be DeGeneres' favorite game, in which DeGeneres shows several stunts or tricks caught on tape, and when the videos are paused, DeGeneres, the audience, guest celebrities and Twitch have to guess the ending's outcome.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Hot Hands is a game in which some audience member or celebrities get on a special seat and name the celebrities which are shown on the screen as much as possible in 30 seconds.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " 5 Second Rule is a game in which DeGeneres and celebrity contestants have to think on their feet and list three answers that fall into a given category in only five seconds.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Ellen In Your Ear is a segment in which celebrities interact with unsuspecting people, with DeGeneres instructing the celebrities through remote ear piece.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Ask Dr. Dax is a segment in which Dax Shepard gives relationship advice to audience members, while often telling stories about his own experiences.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [ 3609917 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 35, 46 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " What's In The Box? is a segment in which DeGeneres gives out gifts through boxes, curtains and small games such as three-card monte. Gifts can include iPads, watches and even holidays", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Hubba Hubba Quiz Quiz is a segment in which DeGeneres questions men.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Don't Leave Me Hanging is a game in which DeGeneres questions people. If they get a strike, they get lifted into the air. If they get three strikes, they get lifted all the way to the top.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Ellen, Rate My Baby is a segment in which DeGeneres rates pictures of babies sent in by her viewers from a scale of 1-10 (She goes over 10, e.g. 17/10)", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Make it Rain is a game in which two (usually male) celebrities have to answer questions. If they answer correctly they get a chance to stand under one of several umbrellas and pull a string. One of the umbrellas releases money, which goes to a charity of the winner's choice. The other umbrellas release water, which ends up making the celebrity wet.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Me Me Monday is a segment in which DeGeneres shows a collection of funny memes and comments on them.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Danger Word is a word association game reminiscent of Password, where audience members must guess a word from clues without saying the titular \"danger word\" (such as \"cereal\" being the danger word for \"Cheerios\"). If the player guesses the winning word, the opponent gets a strike and gets sprayed by one of the cannons. If a person guesses the danger word, that person gets a strike and gets sprayed.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [ 643343 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 55, 63 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Thank GIF It's Friday is a segment in which DeGeneres shows GIF's that people post on the Internet. She shows these on Fridays.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " One-Eyed Monster is a game in which two player took turns entering the monster's mouth where they will be questioned by DeGeneres. The answer itself ranged from 0 to 5. For each number the contestant is off, he or she must pull one of the monster's teeth. However, one of the monster's teeth will cause the monster jaws to snap shut.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " The Masked Dancer is a segment spoofing the series The Masked Singer (to which DeGeneres notes that Fox had not sued her yet), where DeGeneres and tWitch attempt to guess the identity of a mystery guest concealed with a costume mask. Actual Masked Singer panelist Ken Jeong made an appearance as a guest judge on one episode. In January 2020, it was announced that Fox and Warner Bros. would produce The Masked Dancer as an actual spin-off of The Masked Singer, with DeGeneres as executive producer.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [ 58056631, 46252, 11196274, 62774492 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 52, 69 ], [ 101, 104 ], [ 265, 274 ], [ 401, 418 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Burning Questions is a game where a celebrity guest sits in a chair in front of a buzzer while DeGeneres asks them a slew of personal (sometimes embarrassing) questions. The celebrity hits the buzzer when they answer the question.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Heads Up!", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Heads Up! is a game that DeGeneres plays with other celebrities. Originally, the game had players guess words or phrases on physical cards held to their foreheads by watching the other players act it out or give hints as time counted down. Later, DeGeneres and Warner Bros. Entertainment developed an app version of the game. The app became a huge success after its May 2013 launch, rising to the top of the App Store with over 650,000 downloads during its first month. By July 2016, it had been downloaded more than 25 million times and remained one of Apple's top-paid apps.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Since the show's debut, DeGeneres has segued from her opening monologue by doing a dance. The dancing proved to be extremely popular with viewers, and has since progressed to a segment where DeGeneres dances into the audience, sometimes borrowing a coat or purse from someone's chair, and taking it with her. She has also featured a segment in which people teach her new dance moves.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "One of her most famous dance moves is dancing over the table, where she straddles the coffee table and dances from one end to the other. Although she does not do it every day, dancing over the table is a recurring theme. As an April Fools' Day prank in 2009, the show's staff placed a wider table top over her normal table. During the show, when DeGeneres attempted to dance over it, she barely made it across, being forced on her tip-toes and using the table as leverage. On the seventh-season premiere, DeGeneres performed a dance segment with the cast of So You Think You Can Dance.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [ 11125478, 18707196 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 227, 243 ], [ 558, 584 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In September 2009, four major record labels sued the producers of the show for unspecified damages over the dance routine, for allegedly using songs without permission.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "In 2018 The New York Times profiled DeGeneres as she faced decisions of renewing her talkshow contract, and exploring other outlets for her creativity including her Netflix comedy special Relatable (2018), which spoofs her kind image. They noted she felt boxed in with a reputation of always being nice, and the host who danced all time. DeGeneres—who acknowledges she has always been over-sensitive—fretted how her audience would react when she no longer wanted to dance. Her Christian Scientist upbringing included her father's psyche, “He was a very fearful man, he couldn't hear or engage with anything unpleasant.”", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [ 30680, 175537, 125309, 4880472 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 8, 26 ], [ 165, 172 ], [ 477, 496 ], [ 530, 536 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Sophia Grace Brownlee (born April 18, 2003) and her cousin Rosie McClelland (born September 7, 2006) were first invited to the show after DeGeneres saw their YouTube video cover of \"Super Bass\" by Nicki Minaj, which Sophia Grace and Rosie posted on YouTube on September 19, 2011. The then eight- and five-year-old Essex, England natives became recurring cast members on the show, where they hosted their own segment called \"Tea Time with Sophia Grace and Rosie\". In the segment, the duo invites and interviews guest celebrities such as Taylor Swift, Katy Perry, Hugh Grant, Julie Bowen, Harry Connick Jr., LL Cool J, Justin Bieber, and Reese Witherspoon over to tea. Sophia Grace and Rosie won the \"Choice Webstar\" at the 2012 Teen Choice Awards for this segment. They have also been correspondents during the red carpet events such as the Grammy Awards, the American Music Awards, the Billboard Music Awards, and the MTV Video Music Awards. They appeared in the third episode (June 2013) and the eleventh episode (September 2013) of Sam & Cat. According to her representative, Sophia Grace had been cast as Little Red Riding Hood in Walt Disney Pictures' film adaptation of Stephen Sondheim's Into the Woods, but she withdrew before production. Sophia Grace and Rosie starred in their own movie called Sophia Grace and Rosie's Royal Adventure.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Concept", "target_page_ids": [ 3524766, 29418166, 22570683, 40100758, 5422144, 16477368, 170779, 665734, 13743, 170459, 23680998, 93560, 35895827, 44635, 408362, 566109, 295217, 36719159, 172899, 29268, 40171928, 43613589 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 158, 165 ], [ 182, 192 ], [ 197, 208 ], [ 314, 319 ], [ 536, 548 ], [ 550, 560 ], [ 562, 572 ], [ 574, 585 ], [ 587, 604 ], [ 606, 615 ], [ 617, 630 ], [ 636, 653 ], [ 722, 745 ], [ 840, 852 ], [ 859, 880 ], [ 886, 907 ], [ 918, 939 ], [ 1034, 1043 ], [ 1134, 1154 ], [ 1175, 1191 ], [ 1194, 1208 ], [ 1303, 1343 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "From 2003 to early 2008, the program was originally taped in Studio 11 at NBC Studios in Burbank, California. It is now filmed in Studio 1 (named \"The Ellen Stage\" since her 2,000th show, which took place in November 2015) on the Warner Bros. lot in Burbank.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Production information", "target_page_ids": [ 32490128, 51156068 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 74, 85 ], [ 230, 246 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The executive producers are DeGeneres, Mary Connelly, Ed Glavin, Andy Lassner, and (until his death in 2012) Jim Paratore. The writing staff has included Karen Kilgariff (former head writer), Karen Anderson, Margaret Smith, and DeGeneres. Margaret Smith left the show to work on her own projects, including her first book, What Was I Thinking? How Being a Stand Up Did Nothing to Prepare Me to Become a Single Mother (Crossroad Publishing, 2008). Amy Rhodes, a former writer for the program, regularly appeared on camera during various segments.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Production information", "target_page_ids": [ 36168771, 6729495, 8573370, 4615395 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 109, 121 ], [ 154, 169 ], [ 178, 189 ], [ 208, 222 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Unlike most talk shows, the show uses a disc jockey to supply music rather than a band. Originally, the role was filled by Los Angeles-based DJ Scott K, who lasted only a few weeks. He was later replaced by Tony Okungbowa, who DJed through season 3. Due to his growing acting career, Okungbowa left the show, and a few guest DJs were brought in to try out for the position. Tony was replaced by actor/DJ Jon Abrahams for the fourth-season premiere. Abrahams stayed on the show for one season, and also left as his acting career grew. Ted Stryker of KROQ, was the DJ for the fifth season. Stryker stayed for one season until Okungbowa returned. In a 2012 episode, DJ Pauly D from Jersey Shore deejayed when Okungbowa was promoting his CD.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Production information", "target_page_ids": [ 8683, 6891872, 4871374, 6646438, 18589503, 25980298, 25282459 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 40, 51 ], [ 207, 221 ], [ 404, 416 ], [ 534, 545 ], [ 549, 553 ], [ 666, 673 ], [ 679, 691 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Starting in season 11, several episodes include celebrity \"guest DJs\" filling the DJ position in Okungbowa's absence. Stephen \"tWitch\" Boss of So You Think You Can Dance fame has been Ellen's permanent DJ for several years.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Production information", "target_page_ids": [ 28457773, 11323532 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 118, 139 ], [ 143, 169 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Okungbowa made a return appearance on the show in the April 28, 2014 episode, while Loni made a return in the June 5, 2015 episode.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Production information", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "DeGeneres, a member of the Writers Guild of America, supported the 2007 writers' strike. However, on November 9, 2007, DeGeneres crossed the picket line to tape more episodes of her TV show stating: ", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Production information", "target_page_ids": [ 253561, 13361964 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 27, 51 ], [ 67, 87 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "DeGeneres decided to abstain from doing a monologue on her show (which is typically written by WGA writers) during the strike. Her show continued production as normal with the exception of her monologue being omitted. The WGAE issued a statement condemning DeGeneres, stating she was \"not welcome in NY.\" DeGeneres's representatives asserted that she did not violate the WGA's agreement, arguing that she is competing with other first-run syndicated shows like Dr. Phil and Live with Regis and Kelly during the competitive November sweeps period, and that DeGeneres must fulfill her duties as host and producer, lest her show lose its time slot or be held in breach of contract. In addition, a statement defending DeGeneres was subsequently issued by AFTRA, pointing out that DeGeneres also works under the AFTRA TV Code, which bars her from striking. The WGAE then issued a response pointing out that DeGeneres is also a Writers Guild member, and that any writing work she did on her show during the strike constituted struck work.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Production information", "target_page_ids": [ 2666519, 166038, 236591, 472480, 7019516, 1857941 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 461, 469 ], [ 474, 499 ], [ 532, 545 ], [ 751, 756 ], [ 856, 860 ], [ 1020, 1031 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On March 11, 2020, DeGeneres announced via Twitter that for now she would be shooting her show without a studio audience to protect the health and safety of the fans, staff, and crew. In a tweet dated March 13, 2020, DeGeneres announced that production of the show had been suspended until March 30, 2020, to protect the health of her audience and staff during the COVID-19 pandemic. Starting on April 6, 2020, the show was produced from her own home.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Production information", "target_page_ids": [ 9988187, 63910123 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 43, 50 ], [ 365, 382 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On April 16, 2020, Variety reported that crew members had accused the show of not communicating about their pay during the pandemic-induced shutdown.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Production information", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "In 2018 The New York Times profiled Degeneres as she faced decisions of renewing her talk show contract, and exploring other outlets for her creativity including her Netflix comedy special Relatable (2018), which spoofed her kind public image. When asked about anonymous tabloid reports that she is not always nice to her workers, she said the accusations were false, saying \"The one thing I want is for everyone to be happy and proud of where they work, and if not, don't work here.\"", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Production information", "target_page_ids": [ 30680, 175537, 3215667 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 8, 26 ], [ 166, 173 ], [ 271, 278 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In July 2020, BuzzFeed News ran articles in which anonymous former employees accused the show of being a toxic workplace, accused the executive producers of harassment, as well as alleging an atmosphere with racist comments and microaggressions. WarnerMedia began an investigation. DeGeneres apologized to her staff, writing that \"she intended for her show to be a place where 'no one would ever raise their voice, and everyone would be treated with respect' and that she was 'disappointed to learn that this has not been the case. Following the investigation, three executives were fired, executive producers Ed Glavin and Kevin Leman, and co-executive producer Jonathan Norman. The show vowed to take steps to change the culture; DeGeneres apologized again during the eighteenth season's September 2020 opening. Her DJ, Stephen \"tWitch\" Boss, was promoted to co-executive producer and has served as host for the show filling in for DeGeneres.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Production information", "target_page_ids": [ 49783350, 32051960, 236331, 13700748, 83045, 28457773 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 14, 27 ], [ 105, 120 ], [ 157, 167 ], [ 228, 243 ], [ 246, 257 ], [ 822, 843 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On May 19, 2021, shortly after the controversy, DeGeneres confirmed that the show would conclude at the end of the 2021–22 season, the show's nineteenth, coinciding with the end of her then-current contract. Warner Bros. was not initially expected to offer a direct replacement program, and lead carrier NBC Owned Television Stations announced it would move The Kelly Clarkson Show, which is produced by sister company NBCUniversal Syndication Studios, into the Ellen timeslot on its stations. Other stations will make individual decisions about replacement programming, which may include additional local newscasts; a few stations indicated interest in the possibility of a show hosted by frequent Ellen fill-in host Tiffany Haddish, but no such program was ever announced.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Production information", "target_page_ids": [ 36468012, 58531436, 3064060, 1681795, 16175465 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 304, 333 ], [ 358, 381 ], [ 419, 451 ], [ 600, 610 ], [ 718, 733 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On March 17, 2022, Warner Bros. announced that the final original episode hosted by DeGeneres would air on Thursday, May 26; the final episode was recorded on April 28. The studio added that new episodes with guest hosts would air, alongside repeats and compilations, during the summer months.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Production information", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "In November 2021, Deadline reported that Warner Bros. was in discussions with local station groups about a potential new daytime talk show hosted by Jennifer Hudson that could debut as soon as fall 2022, which the studio foresees as a \"successor\" to Ellen, notwithstanding the prior announcement by the NBC-owned stations. WB subsequently announced The Jennifer Hudson Show would debut in fall 2022, with Fox Television Stations and Hearst Television as its lead carriers.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Production information", "target_page_ids": [ 24218875, 518700, 71050615, 1353096, 910070 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 18, 26 ], [ 149, 164 ], [ 349, 373 ], [ 405, 428 ], [ 433, 450 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The show's final episode, which featured appearances by Jennifer Aniston, Pink and Billie Eilish, aired as scheduled on May 26, 2022.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Production information", "target_page_ids": [ 39942, 215566, 53785363 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 56, 72 ], [ 74, 78 ], [ 84, 97 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Reruns are shown until September 9th. The Kelly Clarkson Show will move to the 4pm central timeslot that The Ellen DeGeneres Show had previously occupied. Live with Kelly and Ryan will move to the 3pm central time slot.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Production information", "target_page_ids": [ 166038 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 155, 179 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Several episodes have aired with a special theme or format, including a \"Backwards Show\", entire episodes themed around Broadway productions, a Thanksgiving special taped in the Ed Sullivan Theater in New York City, an entire episode which included Deltalina filmed on a Delta airplane, her 12 Days of Giveaways shows and Ellen's Birthday Show. Other recurring themes feature products from sponsors DeGeneres likes (similar to Oprah's Favorite Things from the now ended The Oprah Winfrey Show), specials following awards show telecasts (such as the Academy Awards), and numerous milestone episodes (e.g., DeGeneres's 1,000th, 1,300th, 1,500th, etc. broadcasts). In 2017, an episode aired commemorating the 20th anniversary of \"The Puppy Episode,\" the episode of her sitcom Ellen, in which her character Ellen Morgan came out as a lesbian.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 2248626, 40433029, 77549, 14319390, 61949, 324, 20274114, 1076750, 17846 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 178, 197 ], [ 249, 258 ], [ 271, 276 ], [ 427, 450 ], [ 470, 492 ], [ 549, 563 ], [ 727, 744 ], [ 773, 778 ], [ 830, 837 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The episode titled \"Sirdeaner Walker Interview\" was nominated for a GLAAD Media Award for \"Outstanding Talk Show Episode\" during the 21st GLAAD Media Awards.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 1604547, 26284158 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 68, 85 ], [ 133, 156 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On January 11, 2013, DeGeneres announced that she was going to Australia in March with her wife, Australian actress Portia de Rossi, after having wanted to go for many years, being unable to visit in summer (which she preferred) due to taping conflicts of her show. Toward the end of the episode, which featured Nicole Kidman as a guest, she announced to the audience that they will also be going on a holiday to Australia in a giveaway special.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 276392, 21504 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 116, 131 ], [ 312, 325 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On March 3, 2014, DeGeneres hosted the show live, one day after her being the host of the 86th Academy Awards. This episode features that year's Oscar winners Cate Blanchett, Jared Leto, and Lupita Nyong'o as guests.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 26821361, 160126, 483360, 38179119 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 90, 109 ], [ 159, 173 ], [ 175, 185 ], [ 191, 205 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "From time to time a guest host filled in for DeGeneres. This was previously quite rare, but gradually became more common, especially in the final seasons, and was considered a regular part of the show.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Ellie Kemper filled in to be the first guest host on the show on January 24, 2014, as DeGeneres was unable to host the show due to having the flu. Kemper hosted for a second time on December 24, 2018. She hosted for a third time on December 23, 2019.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 22080893 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 13 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Miley Cyrus hosted on September 29, 2016, which was also day four of the 7th Annual Cat Week, as DeGeneres was sick.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 8135890 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 12 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Sean Hayes hosted on May 30, 2018 while DeGeneres was in Africa visiting the gorillas in Rwanda to help with the Ellen DeGeneres Wildlife Camp. He hosted for a second time on October 4, 2019. He hosted for a third time on October 18, 2019. He hosted for a fourth time on January 31, 2020. He hosted for a fifth time on February 28, 2020. He hosted for a sixth time on March 13, 2020. He hosted for a seventh time on March 30, 2020.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 696123, 25645 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 11 ], [ 90, 96 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Kristen Bell hosted on May 31, 2018 while DeGeneres was in Africa.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 1296564 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 13 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Lea Michele hosted the last episode of Season 15 on August 29, 2018. This was DeGeneres' gift to Michele, whose birthday was on the day of the taping.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 10953971 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 12 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Mario Lopez hosted two bonus episodes (that aired after the Lea Michele episode), on August 30, 2018, and August 31, 2018. He hosted for a third time on January 29, 2021. He hosted for a fourth time on March 29, 2021. He hosted for a fifth time on October 14, 2021. He hosted for a sixth time on October 15, 2021. He hosted for a seventh time on February 4, 2022. He hosted for an eighth time on February 25, 2022. He hosted for a ninth time on April 15, 2022. He hosted for a tenth time on April 21, 2022.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 609663, 10953971 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 12 ], [ 61, 72 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Goldie Hawn and Kate Hudson hosted on January 17, 2019.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 48071, 219349 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 12 ], [ 17, 28 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Jason Sudeikis hosted on March 15, 2019. He hosted for a second time on June 12, 2019.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 1990980 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 15 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Mila Kunis hosted on April 11, 2019.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 400738 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 11 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " John Cena hosted on April 19, 2019.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 345802 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 10 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Melissa McCarthy hosted on May 16, 2019. ", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 1022352 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 17 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " DeGeneres' DJ tWitch hosted the episode that aired May 23, 2019. (It was likely filmed at an earlier date as a clip was posted online three weeks earlier, on May 3, 2019, showing a segment where he interviewed Kunal Nayyar.) tWitch hosted for a second time on September 6, 2019. He then hosted the show on September 25, 2020, October 2, 2020, October 11, 2019, October 24, 2019, October 26, 2020, January 15, 2021, February 12, 2021, March 5, 2021, March 19, 2021, March 26, 2021, March 31, 2021, April 1, 2021, April 9, 2021, June 8, 2021, June 14, 2021, June 17, 2021, June 18, 2021, June 25, 2021, July 2, 2021, July 5, 2021, July 8, 2021, July 9, 2021, October 8, 2021, November 12, 2021, December 10, 2021, December 23, 2021, December 28, 2021, January 7, 2022, February 18, 2022, March 10, 2022, March 18, 2022, April 14, 2022 with Tiffany Haddish, April 22, 2022, and April 29, 2022. In total, he has hosted the show thirty-six times.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 28457773, 13950673, 16175465 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 15, 21 ], [ 211, 223 ], [ 839, 854 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Wanda Sykes hosted on May 29, 2019. She hosted for a second time on June 30, 2021. ", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 614368 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 12 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Dax Shepard hosted on September 19, 2019. ", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 3609917 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 12 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Beth Behrs hosted on September 26, 2019 with Whitney Cummings. She hosted for a second time on July 6, 2021.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 31065139, 19694637 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 11 ], [ 46, 62 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Justin Hartley hosted on October 25, 2019.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 1413622 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 15 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Howie Mandel hosted on October 29, 2019. He hosted for a second time on March 1, 2021. He hosted for a third time on April 2, 2021. He hosted for a fourth time on December 17, 2021. He hosted for a fifth time on December 20, 2021.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 653643 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 13 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Ken Jeong hosted on November 8, 2019.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 11196274 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 10 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " John Legend hosted on November 15, 2019. He hosted for a second time on February 14, 2020. ", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 1575279 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 12 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Josh Gad hosted on November 22, 2019.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 12466945 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 9 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Eugene Levy and Dan Levy hosted on January 10, 2020.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 438281, 6754072 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 12 ], [ 17, 25 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Robert Downey Jr. hosted on January 14, 2020.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 171045 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 18 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Jane Fonda and Lily Tomlin hosted on January 17, 2020.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 63520, 142698 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 11 ], [ 16, 27 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Jennifer Aniston hosted on January 24, 2020. Aniston was the first guest ever on the show; she had previously co-hosted with DeGeneres several years ago, but this was her first time solo hosting.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 39942 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 17 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Martha Stewart and Snoop Dogg hosted on February 7, 2020.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 190995, 88923 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 15 ], [ 20, 30 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Demi Lovato hosted on March 6, 2020.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 12520860 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 12 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Alec Baldwin hosted on March 23, 2020.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 182532 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 13 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Tiffany Haddish hosted on October 9, 2020. She hosted for a second time on October 19, 2020. She hosted for a third time on November 20, 2020. She hosted for a fourth time on February 19, 2021. She hosted for a fifth time on February 26, 2021. She hosted for a sixth time on April 16, 2021. She hosted for a seventh time on June 28, 2021. She hosted for an eighth time on October 22, 2021. She hosted for a ninth time on November 5, 2021. She hosted for a tenth time on April 14, 2022 alongside tWitch. She hosted for an eleventh time on May 6, 2022.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 16175465, 28457773 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 16 ], [ 497, 503 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Sarah Silverman hosted on November 9, 2020.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 1152227 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 16 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Garth Brooks hosted on November 13, 2020, He hosted for a second time with wife Trisha Yearwood on May 28, 2021.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 12231 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 13 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Brooke Baldwin hosted on March 12, 2021.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 31810774 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 15 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Kalen Allen hosted on March 31, 2021.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 1446915 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 12 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Ashley Graham hosted on April 23, 2021.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 2821238 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 14 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Anthony Anderson hosted on April 30, 2021.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 1065122 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 17 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Rob Lowe hosted on May 21, 2021.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 222445 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 9 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Trisha Yearwood hosted on May 28, 2021, alongside her husband Garth Brooks.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 1004059, 12231 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 16 ], [ 63, 75 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Chelsea Handler hosted on June 29, 2021. She hosted for a second time on July 1, 2021.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 3266703 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 16 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Loni Love hosted on July 7, 2021.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 12229369 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 10 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Arsenio Hall hosted on September 24, 2021. He hosted for a second time on October 1, 2021.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 275562 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 13 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Katy Perry hosted on October 25, 2021.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 16477368 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 11 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Yvonne Orji hosted on November 19, 2021.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 51600940 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 12 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Leslie Jordan hosted on December 21, 2021.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 2017335 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 14 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " JoJo Siwa hosted on December 22, 2021. She hosted for a second time on December 27, 2021.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 50561266 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 10 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Brad Paisley hosted on December 29, 2021.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 847618 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 13 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Ciara hosted on December 30, 2021. She hosted for a second time on March 4, 2022.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 1126578 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 6 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Adam Devine hosted on January 14, 2022. He hosted for a second time on January 21, 2022.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 31984725 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 12 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Mickey Guyton hosted on March 3, 2022.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 42175427 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 14 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Julie Bowen hosted on March 11, 2022.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 665734 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 12 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Leslie Jones hosted on March 25, 2022.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 36109442 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 13 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Brandi Carlile hosted on April 1, 2022.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 2476333 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 15 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Kandi Burruss hosted on April 8, 2022.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 1427699 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 14 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Tig Notaro hosted on June 1, 2022.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 22407180 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 11 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "DeGeneres has also occasionally co-hosted the show with guest co-hosts, which have included:", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Matthew Perry (on April 19, 2013)", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 233338 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 14 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Jennifer Aniston (on May 22, 2013; also partially co-hosted on June 5, 2019, and discussed guest hosting in the future)", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 39942 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 17 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Julia Roberts (on December 18, 2013)", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 16553 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 14 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Jason Bateman (on March 24, 2014)", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 685922 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 14 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Rob Lowe (on April 9, 2014)", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 222445 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 9 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Dallas Austin (on May 7, 2014)", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 1575672 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 14 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Michelle Obama (on September 13, 2016)", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 2204744 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 15 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Kristen Bell (on September 20, 2016)", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 1296564 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 13 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Kevin Hart (on October 11, 2016)", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 6667920 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 11 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Ciara (on October 5, 2018)", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 1126578 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 6 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Chrissy Teigen (on November 20, 2018)", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 15207997 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 15 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Ashton Kutcher (on December 11, 2018)", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 274539 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 15 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Mila Kunis (on September 28, 2021)", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [ 400738 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 11 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Katherine Blaze (on March 23, 2022)", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Episodes", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "A best-of DVD titled The Ellen DeGeneres Show: DVD-Licious was released in 2006, featuring early footage from the first few seasons.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Home media", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The show is active on a number of social media platforms, including Twitter, where DeGeneres has over 70 million followers, Instagram, Facebook, Snapchat, TikTok, and more. The talk show's YouTube channel is in the top 50 most-subscribed YouTube channels.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Social media", "target_page_ids": [ 9988187, 31591547, 7529378, 37506594, 56822861 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 68, 75 ], [ 124, 133 ], [ 135, 143 ], [ 145, 153 ], [ 155, 161 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "As of May 26, 2022, the talk show's YouTube channel has 38.5 million subscribers and 23 billion total views.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Social media", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The show has been met with considerable success, and has won 61 Daytime Emmy Awards by 2019. Additionally, as the show's popularity has increased, the program has appeared as a plot element in the storylines of several scripted television programs, including Joey, Six Feet Under, and The Bernie Mac Show.", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Reception", "target_page_ids": [ 721437, 632929, 218841, 646523 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 64, 82 ], [ 259, 263 ], [ 265, 279 ], [ 285, 304 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The show averages around 4.2+ million viewers per episode, according to syndicated daytime television ratings, making it a highly viewed daytime show. It usually only trails behind Live with Kelly and Ryan, and Dr. Phil in total viewers. In 2017, the show passed Live with Kelly and Ryan for the first time and trailed behind Dr. Phil. Following the toxic workplace allegations, the show has lost up to a million viewers.", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Reception", "target_page_ids": [ 166038, 2666519 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 181, 205 ], [ 211, 219 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The show has won a total of 63 Daytime Emmy Awards by 2022, including four for Outstanding Talk Show (2004, 2005, 2006, 2007) and seven for Outstanding Talk Show Entertainment (2010, 2011, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2017, 2019 and 2020). The show's first fourteen seasons surpassed the record held by The Oprah Winfrey Show, which received 47 Daytime Emmy Awards before Winfrey chose to stop submitting it for consideration in 2000. DeGeneres herself has won the Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Talk Show Host four times (2005, 2006, 2007, 2008). The show has also won 48 Daytime Emmys in Writing (10 total), Directing (6 total), and Technical Categories (32 total). It won the Genesis Award for \"Best Talk Show\" in 2010 and 2012. DeGeneres has won the People's Choice Award for \"Favorite Daytime TV Host\" 15 times, making her the most awarded person in the People's Choice Awards's history.", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Reception", "target_page_ids": [ 27874015, 1549376, 1918615, 3576422, 9302011, 28799990, 26560140, 31365863, 38660739, 39820288, 40850089, 52994560, 59950710, 62756947, 61949, 721437, 22803311, 1918615, 3576422, 9302011, 15762852, 6802746, 567045 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 79, 100 ], [ 102, 106 ], [ 108, 112 ], [ 114, 118 ], [ 120, 124 ], [ 140, 175 ], [ 177, 181 ], [ 183, 187 ], [ 189, 193 ], [ 195, 199 ], [ 201, 205 ], [ 207, 211 ], [ 213, 217 ], [ 222, 226 ], [ 292, 314 ], [ 334, 352 ], [ 454, 503 ], [ 516, 520 ], [ 522, 526 ], [ 528, 532 ], [ 534, 538 ], [ 672, 685 ], [ 747, 768 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "At the 2018 Webby Awards, Heads Up! A Party Game from Ellen!, a video game for iOS and Android, won the People's Voice Award for \"Word & Trivia\".", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Reception", "target_page_ids": [ 57683306, 5363, 16161443, 12610483 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 7, 24 ], [ 64, 74 ], [ 79, 82 ], [ 87, 94 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In 2017, NBC premiered Ellen's Game of Games, a primetime game show built around the audience game segments from the show.", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Spin-offs", "target_page_ids": [ 21780, 13135 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 9, 12 ], [ 58, 67 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In December 2019, NBC aired a three-night event series spun off from the \"12 Days of Giveaways\", Ellen's Greatest Night of Giveaways, which featured DeGeneres collaborating with notable celebrities and public figures to \"deliver incredible gifts to unsuspecting people\".", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Spin-offs", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "After it was performed on The Ellen DeGeneres Show as a spoof of The Masked Singer, Fox's head of alternative entertainment Rob Wade contacted the show's producers about the possibility of working on The Masked Dancer as a full spin-off series. DeGeneres would be named executive producer of the series as well; Wade stated that although they did not necessarily need her for the series, he felt that DeGeneres was \"passionate about it\" and had good \"access to celebrities\".", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Spin-offs", "target_page_ids": [ 58056631 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 65, 82 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In March 2021, NBC announced a spin-off game show titled Family Game Fight!, with Kristen Bell and Dax Shepard as hosts and a 10-episode run has been ordered. In May 2021, it was announced that the series would premiere on August 11, 2021. In July 2021, it was announced that the series would premiere on August 8, 2021, after its primetime airing of the 2020 Summer Olympics closing ceremony replacing Ultimate Slip 'N Slide.", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Spin-offs", "target_page_ids": [ 1296564, 3609917, 51345275, 10860019 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 82, 94 ], [ 99, 110 ], [ 355, 392 ], [ 403, 425 ] ] } ]

[ "The_Ellen_DeGeneres_Show", "2000s_American_television_talk_shows", "2010s_American_television_talk_shows", "2020s_American_television_talk_shows", "2003_American_television_series_debuts", "2022_American_television_series_endings", "Daytime_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Talk_Show_winners", "Television_series_created_by_Ellen_DeGeneres", "English-language_television_shows", "First-run_syndicated_television_programs_in_the_United_States", "Television_productions_suspended_due_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic", "Television_series_by_Warner_Bros._Television_Studios", "Television_series_by_A_Very_Good_Production", "Television_series_by_Telepictures", "Television_shows_filmed_in_California" ]

[ "Ellen", "Ellen DeGeneres Show", "the Ellen show" ]

[ { "plaintext": "New World School of the Arts (NWSA) is a public magnet high school and college in Downtown Miami, Florida. Its dual-enrollment programs in the visual and performing arts are organized into four strands: visual arts, dance, theatre (comprising programs in theater and musical theatre), and music (comprising programs in instrumental music and vocal music).", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 471603, 412232, 554992, 5689, 6312442, 53846, 33734529, 7885, 20913771, 20913771, 20572, 14967, 126900 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 41, 47 ], [ 48, 54 ], [ 55, 66 ], [ 71, 78 ], [ 82, 90 ], [ 91, 105 ], [ 203, 214 ], [ 216, 221 ], [ 223, 230 ], [ 255, 262 ], [ 267, 282 ], [ 319, 337 ], [ 342, 353 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The New World School of the Arts was a pioneer in dual-enrollment education, arising out of an experiment between Miami Northwestern High School and Dade Community College (now Miami Dade College). NWSA was formally created as an outcome of that experiment by the 1986 New World School of the Arts Act of the Florida State Legislature as \"a center of excellence for the performing and visual art\", with the stated intention \"that specific attention be given to the needs of artistically talented high school students who are occupationally oriented to the arts.\"", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 8907822, 1860065 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 114, 144 ], [ 177, 195 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The school is jointly administered by Miami-Dade County Public Schools, Miami Dade College, and the University of Florida. The administrative structure includes an executive board with representatives from each of the partners as well as community seats and a foundation board.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 37470408, 1860065, 60611 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 38, 70 ], [ 72, 90 ], [ 100, 121 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The school awards an Associate of Arts degree from Miami Dade College, Bachelor of Fine Arts and Bachelor of Music degrees from the University of Florida, and a high school degree from the Miami Dade County schools.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 223220, 167241, 436813, 444734, 60611 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 21, 38 ], [ 39, 45 ], [ 71, 92 ], [ 97, 114 ], [ 132, 153 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Admissions into the high school are through the Miami Dade Visual and Performing Arts Magnet Program, requiring an audition and/or portfolio (see High School Admissions and Enrollment).", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "New World High School is rated #149 in the national rankings for best high schools, #17 in rankings for best Florida high schools and #42 magnet schools in accordance with the 2018 U.S. News & World Report. In 2009, NWSA was 82nd in this ranking. Both the college and the high school are accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 449826, 987026 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 183, 207 ], [ 309, 353 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The vision of PAVAC (Performing and Visual Arts Center) was to integrate Miami Northwestern High School and provide high-quality arts training for students in Dade County. The original PAVAC director (1975) was Jackie (last name unknown), with Dr. Everett Abney serving as principal. At that time, Ms. Samiento served as an art teacher and Charlie Austin as music instructor. Later, Samiento took over as director when Jackie relocated out of state.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "In the early days of PAVAC, Irene Fox was the Modern Dance instructor and Shelley Fox (recommended by Carrie Meek) was hired as the ballet instructor-choreographer. After Irene Fox left the program, Shelley Fox continued to recruit students from Dade County Public Schools. She developed a high quality ballet program and performing company.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The PAVAC program provided students with busing from their local high school to Miami Northwestern for the afternoon arts classes. The PAVAC Dancers performed at Vizcaya Museum and Gardens, at locations on Miami Beach, Florida state conferences and festivals, and on local TV stations. The highlight of the program was the premier of Richard Strauss' original ballet Death and Transfiguration at Miami Dade Jr. College North. At that time, the PAVAC ballet program was the only department that successfully integrated Miami Northwestern High School.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Kendell Bently-Baker, inspired by the academic success of that program, and attempting to take greater advantage of the facilities and faculty of Miami Dade College (MDC), then known as Miami Dade Community College, proposed the creation of a dual-enrollment school of the arts: morning academics were to be at the student's home high school; in the afternoon students were to be bussed to one of the two MDCC campuses for classes in art or the performing arts. Upon high school graduation, the student received a diploma from the home high school and college credits for the art classes, awarded through MDC.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 1860065 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 146, 164 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In summer 1982, county auditions were held for 10th–12th graders. In fall 1982, two dual-enrollment PAVACs opened, one at the North Campus of MDCC, \"PAVAC North\", headed by Kendell Bently-Baker; the other at the South Campus of MDCC (now called the Kendall Campus), \"PAVAC South\", headed by Richard Janaro and Margaret Pelton. Marcy Samiento continued to serve as DCPS coordinator. At that time, many Miami-Dade high schools served only 10th–12th grade.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The first PAVAC dual-enrollment graduates were in 1983. The Miami Northwestern High School program continued as before the creation of PAVAC, and is currently among the PVA (performing and visual arts) magnet programs in the Miami-Dade County school system.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "In 1984, Marcy Sarmiento, Kandell Bentley-Baker and Richard Janaro were asked to plan a successor school to PAVAC. Knowing they would need approval from the Florida Legislature they enlisted civic leader and lobbyist Seth Gordon to join them. Gordon was later elected to serve as the first chair of the Executive Board of the school and served in that capacity for six years. They studied other arts schools in the country, visiting LaGuardia High School, Juilliard and the North Carolina School of the Arts. A bill creating the \"South Florida School of the Arts\" passed the Florida House of Representatives on May 30, 1984. Soon afterwards, the New World name was chosen as part of larger plans for urban and cultural development which included the eponymous New World Symphony Orchestra, and to avoid confusion with the Florida School of the Arts. The Florida legislature passed the \"New World School of the Arts Act\" in 1986.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 205098, 176634, 524243, 1993053 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 433, 454 ], [ 456, 465 ], [ 474, 507 ], [ 760, 788 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The NWSA opened its doors in fall 1987. The continuing students at PAVAC's North and South transitioned into NWSA, as did many of PAVAC's faculty. NWSA issued its first high school diploma in 1988 to the former PAVAC students. NWSA enrolled its first freshman college students in 1988. In order to award a BFA, it partnered with Florida International University (FIU). On January 12, 1994 University of Florida replaced FIU in this partnership. The first graduating class of the college was in 1992.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 387849, 60611 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 329, 361 ], [ 390, 411 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Later the high school expanded to include 9th grade.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The combined administration of the high school and college consists of a provost, under which are four deans and a principal. The Principal oversees the high school and high school academics, and Deans oversee each of the four strands, Dance, Music, Theater and Visual Arts, for both the high school and the college. There is an executive board of directors for the school, as well as a foundation board to direct the NWSA Foundation.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Administration", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Richard A. Klein was hired away from being the principal of the LaGuardia High School to be the founding provost of NWSA. In April 1994 the executive board reduced Richard Klein's contract to one year and began looking for a replacement. D. Hansen became interim provost for the 1995-96 school year, replaced by Bennett Lentczner, who served until 1999. Several provosts have served since then. Since the 2009 school year, Dr. Jeffrey Hodgson has been provost.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Administration", "target_page_ids": [ 205098 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 64, 85 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Alan Weiss was the founding principal. Since then, principals have been: Mandy Offerle, 1989–1993; Ellery Brown, 1993 until retirement in 2007; Dr. Frederic Conde, 2007–2010; Lisa S. Noffo, 2010–2012; Evonne Alvarez 2012–2018; Jason Allen, 2018 - 2020; Contessa Bryant 2021-Present.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Administration", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": ".", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Administration", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Daniel Lewis was the founding Dean of Dance of NWSA. Daniel Lewis retired for the 2011 school year. The current Dean of Dance is Mary Lisa Burns.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Administration", "target_page_ids": [ 6473384 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 12 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "John de Lancie was the director of Philadelphia's famed Curtis Institute of Music before becoming the founding Dean at New World. He submitted his resignation in December 1991 but rescinded it that same month, then resigned definitively in September 1992. He was replaced by Willie Anthony Waters, principal conductor of the Greater Miami Opera. Waters was replaced in August 1993 with Balint Vazsonyi, who was asked to resign in September 1994.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Administration", "target_page_ids": [ 1560720, 500069, 4529883 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 14 ], [ 56, 81 ], [ 388, 403 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Since then the position has been filled by: Tallulah Brown, 1994–95; Karl Kramer, 1995–97; Roby George, 1997–98; Mark Camphouse, 1998–99; Dennis Prime, 1999–2002; Jeffrey Hodgson, 2002-2009; Jim Gasior, 2009-2012; and Milton Ruben Laufer 2012-2014.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Administration", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The current Dean of Music is Daniel Andai, an alumnus of NWSA Music Division. He was appointed in summer 2014.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Administration", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Dr. Richard Paul Janaro agreed to serve as acting Dean of Theater at the school's inception. Jorge Guerra Castro became Dean of Theater in 1988, and Dr. Janaro assumed the role of Assistant Dean of Theater. In 2002 Patrice Bailey took over from Castro, and has continued until the present.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Administration", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The founding Dean of Visual Arts was Ed Love. Since then, the deans have been: Mel Alexenberg, 1990–2000; Louise Romeo, 2000–2005; Maggy Cuesta, 2005–2019; John Slepian 2019–2020; Gustavo Plascencia, 2020–present.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Administration", "target_page_ids": [ 12835929 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 79, 93 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The school's main building is located at 25 NE 2nd Street, Miami, and holds other classes on the Miami Dade College Wolfson Campus.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Campus", "target_page_ids": [ 1860065 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 97, 115 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Much like the school today, all of its classes were held in different buildings in downtown Miami when the school opened, including the main building of MDC Wolfson campus, as well as space at the Christ Fellowship church at 500 N.E. 1st Avenue, where drawing classes were held on the top floor. The school's current main building (a former AT&T communications department building) was first used for the 1990-1991 school year, as an electrical fire destroyed the school's original administration headquarters. The main building (the 5000 Building) houses most of the high school academic classes there, as well as both the high school and college administration units, dance studios, theaters, and art studios. The MDC Wolfson Science building (the 2000 Building, located at 300 NE 2nd Avenue) houses the science facilities. All music classes are held across the street from the MDC Wolfson Building at the aptly named Music Building (the 4000 Building, located at 401 NE 2nd Avenue; also houses MDC's Literary Center).", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Campus", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Admission to New World School of the Arts is determined by a performance audition or a portfolio review. For detailed information, see the audition requirements for each division on its website. It serves as both a college and a high school; it is the only high school conservatory in Miami-Dade County. NWSA continued the PAVAC model of admission based entirely on audition. This differs from other Miami-Dade County Public School (MDCPS) magnets which are not VPA (visual and performing arts) magnets, which have a mixed model of entrance eligibility requirements and lottery. Also unlike the other MDCPS magnets, but like other VPA magnets, it does not have the \"sibling rule\", a policy of giving priority if a student's sibling is already attending the magnet school.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "High school admissions and enrollment", "target_page_ids": [ 37470408 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 433, 438 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In 2011, 1,268 students applied for admission to New World, competing for 140 available spots. This gives New World an 11% admissions rate, making it one of Miami's most competitive public high schools.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "High school admissions and enrollment", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Total enrollment for 2009–10 was 828, with 473 in the high school and 355 in the college.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "High school admissions and enrollment", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "School demographics for 2009–10 were 35% male and 65% female; 42% Hispanic (of any race), 36% White non-Hispanic, 19% Black, 3% Asian, and less than 1% other.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "High school admissions and enrollment", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Russell Thomas, opera singer", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 26147084, 22348 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 15 ], [ 17, 29 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Mollye Asher, Academy Award-winning producer (Nomadland)", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 59935792, 324, 59935792 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 12 ], [ 14, 27 ], [ 47, 56 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Michael Aronov, Tony Award-winning actor (Oslo)", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 25377873, 54741, 53703140 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 15 ], [ 17, 27 ], [ 44, 48 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Tarell Alvin McCraney, co-writer of Moonlight, Academy Award winner, chair of playwriting at the Yale School of Drama", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 14469313, 48320630, 61845, 695450 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 22 ], [ 37, 46 ], [ 48, 61 ], [ 98, 118 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Hernan Bas, artist", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 4225856 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 11 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Robert Battle, choreographer, artistic director of the Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 29256350, 7524082 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 14 ], [ 56, 90 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Jennifer R. Blake, actress (Behaving Badly)", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 39939229, 37931231 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 18 ], [ 29, 43 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Andréa Burns, stage actress", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 23091477 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 13 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Dennis Calero, artist, Harvey Award-nominated comic book illustrator", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 7553744, 573215 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 14 ], [ 24, 36 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Jencarlos Canela, actor, singer, composer, model", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 13068321 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 17 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Bernard Chang, graphic novel illustrator", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 3574337 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 14 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Alexis Cole, jazz singer", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 32846245 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 12 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Billy Corben, documentary film director (Cocaine Cowboys, The U)", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 33387052, 6766613, 4634666 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 13 ], [ 42, 57 ], [ 59, 64 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Cote de Pablo, actress, recording artist (NCIS)", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 21031276 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 14 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Masha Dashkina Maddux, former principal dancer at the Martha Graham Dance Company", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 60618641, 43209317 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 22 ], [ 55, 82 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " David Del Rio, stage and television actor (The Troop)", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 24358406, 23281814 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 14 ], [ 44, 53 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Lili Estefan, model and talk show host (El Gordo y la Flaca)", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 320169, 3007268 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 13 ], [ 41, 60 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Katie Finneran, Tony Award-winning actress", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 643641, 54741 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 15 ], [ 17, 27 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Brandon Flynn, actor in 13 Reasons Why", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 53681580, 25247887 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 14 ], [ 25, 39 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Glenn Howerton, actor (It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia)", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 5965702, 2434796 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 15 ], [ 24, 57 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Alex Lacamoire, Grammy Award and Tony Award-winning orchestrator and producer (In the Heights); (Hamilton)", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 18075988, 44635, 54741, 10449415, 45433681 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 15 ], [ 17, 29 ], [ 34, 44 ], [ 80, 94 ], [ 98, 106 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " John Paul Leon, Eisner Award-nominated illustrator", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 3331891, 565600 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 15 ], [ 17, 29 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Erik Liberman, Broadway and TV actor, author", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 62829911 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 14 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Josie Lopez, actress (Make It or Break It)", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 11086621, 21495414 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 12 ], [ 23, 42 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Ally Love, host of the Brooklyn Nets and a Peloton fitness instructor", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 64363118, 72852, 58064887 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 10 ], [ 24, 37 ], [ 44, 51 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Mia Michaels, Emmy Award-winning choreographer (So You Think You Can Dance)", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 6515645, 151921, 18707196 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 13 ], [ 15, 25 ], [ 49, 75 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Samantha Robinson, actress (The Love Witch)", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 61628495, 50139805 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 18 ], [ 29, 43 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Julio Miranda, Emmy award-winning animator", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 17708943 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 14 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Cesar Santos, artist best known for coining the art term syncretism", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 51690159 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 13 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Sarah Spiegel, singer-actress", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 52655106 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 14 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Jen Stark, artist", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 17570377 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 10 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Marcus Strickland, jazz saxophonist", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 7250963 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 18 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Jessica Sutta, singer-songwriter, dancer, actress (The Pussycat Dolls)", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 5038053, 10636232 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 14 ], [ 52, 70 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Lulu Wang, filmmaker (The Farewell) ", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 50916342, 59653313 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 10 ], [ 24, 36 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Miami-Dade County Public Schools", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 37470408 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 33 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Magnet school", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 412232 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 14 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Education in the United States", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 123427 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 31 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "How New World School of the Arts got its start (thanks to PAVAC)", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "New World School of the Arts website", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Miami-Dade County Public Schools", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "NWSA PTSA", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "NWSA alumni", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "PAVAC on Facebook", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Early history, about Ed Love", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Timeline of NWSA administration and faculty", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Planning an Arts Centered School, Dana Foundation Chapter 4: Developing the Drama Curriculum at the New World School of the Arts, by Jorge Guerra-Castro", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "Education_in_Miami", "High_schools_in_Miami-Dade_County,_Florida", "Magnet_schools_in_Florida", "Miami_Dade_College", "Miami-Dade_County_Public_Schools", "Performing_arts_education_in_the_United_States", "Schools_of_the_performing_arts_in_the_United_States", "University_of_Florida", "Public_high_schools_in_Florida", "Performing_arts_in_Florida", "1987_establishments_in_Florida", "Educational_institutions_established_in_1987" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "The Charlatan is the independent weekly student newspaper at Carleton University in Ottawa, Ontario.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 209134, 22219, 22218 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 61, 80 ], [ 84, 90 ], [ 92, 99 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "It is published by a not-for-profit corporation, Charlatan Publications Inc., and is independent of student associations and university administration. Papers are free, and are available in news-stands both on and off campus. It is published weekly during the fall and winter semesters, and monthly during the summer. Its circulation as of 2015 was 8,500 copies with an average readership of 15,000. All Carleton students are eligible to contribute.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Originally called the Carleton, the paper's first issue appeared on November 28, 1945, the same year Carleton College's School of Journalism was formed. Only four issues appeared in the first year, but by 1948 it was a regular weekly newspaper.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 4269660 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 120, 140 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "News coverage in the beginning focused on veterans’ affairs and experiences during the Second World War, as Carleton's student body was primarily made up of returning veterans. During the 1960s, the newspaper became more anti-establishment and frequently published stories critical of the university.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The paper's first office was in the Student Union Building on First Avenue in the Glebe neighbourhood in Ottawa, but when Carleton relocated to its current Rideau River campus in 1952, the Carleton moved to a basement-level office below Patterson Hall. When Carleton's student centre, or University Centre, was built in 1970, the Carleton moved to the fifth floor of that building, where it remains today.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Prior to 1971, The Carleton had a tradition of naming its end-of-term issue as The Charlatan. Citing a desire to have a more fun, pranksterish image in keeping with the political spirit of the times, editor-in-chief Phil Kinsman encouraged using that name permanently. The Charlatan became the paper's official name after a staff referendum in March 1971. As the student body became progressively more fragmented, the paper distanced itself from the Carleton University Students' Association (CUSA) and became a self-appointed critic.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 1163545 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 450, 491 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "During this time the paper coverage became more humorous. Editors frequently published joke articles or made up stories entirely. In 1973, the editorial staff invented a joke candidate for a student government election. In 1974, the Charlatan’s photo editor Paul Couvrette secretly inserted a fake obituary of himself into the paper on production night.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The Charlatan was notable for the quality of its photography and graphics, to the extent that, in October 1973, it noted the extent to which they were the subject of plagiarism by other Canadian campus papers, as well as within Carleton University itself.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 18960210 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 166, 176 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Since its founding, the paper had been owned, operated, and funded by Carleton's undergraduate student government. Editors and CUSA had several disputes over funding and editorial policy throughout the early 1970s, and to mediate these conflicts the two sides created a Joint Publishing Board in 1975 (which CUSA first considered in June 1974). The joint board consisted of two representatives each from CUSA and the Charlatan, who appointed an independent fifth person, usually the university ombudsman, as chairman.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "After further editorial clashes with CUSA in the 1980s, the Charlatan began to lobby for its autonomy from CUSA, with humorous \"Charlatan on strike\" posters and \"Charlatan Liberation Front\" buttons. This was achieved by a vote of 1,013-457 in a campus-wide referendum in March 1988, immediately after which it was incorporated as Charlatan Publications Inc.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The paper celebrated its 70th anniversary in September 2014.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "As of September 2020, the paper does not circulate weekly or monthly print issues of the paper as a result of COVID-19 related precautions.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The Charlatan reports on campus news as well as national and international stories affecting students. It also covers campus sports and arts. Any Carleton student can volunteer, or seek election for one of 11 part-time editorial positions or the full-time position of editor-in-chief. Editors are elected by staff every spring and hold their positions for one academic year.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Operations, Style and Sections", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The newspaper has six sections published in the physical paper: News, National, Features, Opinions-Editorials, Arts, and Sports, in addition to Photo, Multimedia, Graphics, and Web content. The newspaper's website, charlatan.ca launched in 2009. The Charlatan's weekly talk-radio show, CharlatanLive launched in 2010 on Carleton's campus-based community radio station, CKCU-FM.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Operations, Style and Sections", "target_page_ids": [ 1413675 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 369, 376 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The paper is funded by advertising and by an annual, non-refundable levy of $5.67 per undergraduate. These funds are administered by an elected board of directors, composed of:", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Operations, Style and Sections", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Five students-at-large, who do not contribute to the paper and are elected at the corporation's AGM;", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Operations, Style and Sections", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Two representatives elected by contributing staff;", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Operations, Style and Sections", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Two professional representatives, at least one of whom must be a practicing journalist not on Carleton's faculty, and the other of whom may be a faculty member;", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Operations, Style and Sections", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The editor-in-chief, whose membership on the board is ex officio only.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Operations, Style and Sections", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The powers of the board and the editorial staff are defined in a written constitution. Generally, the board is not allowed to intervene in editorial policy unless there are legal issues involved.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Operations, Style and Sections", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Some of the Charlatan's alumni have become renowned journalists, authors, designers, and photographers. Three of the former directors of Carleton's School of Journalism — T. Joseph Scanlon, Stuart Adam and Peter Johansen — are Charlatan alumni, as are several other members of the school's current faculty.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Alumni", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Notable alumni include:", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Alumni", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "David Berman, author", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 4894606 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 12 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Bob Cox, Winnipeg Free Press Publisher", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 536385 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 9, 28 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Greg Ip, The Economist editor, former Wall Street Journal reporter", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 33337779, 50449, 173070 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 7 ], [ 9, 22 ], [ 38, 57 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Warren Kinsella, National Post media columnist and former aide to prime minister Jean Chrétien", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 594419, 234342, 75626 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 15 ], [ 17, 30 ], [ 81, 94 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Richard Labonté, literary critic and anthologist", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 38904880 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 15 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Mark MacKinnon, The Globe and Mail foreign correspondent", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 14612294, 234340 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 14 ], [ 16, 34 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Mark Masters, The Sports Network hockey reporter", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 354723 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 15, 33 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "James Orr, film director and screenwriter", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 28848955 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 9 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Sasa Petricic, CBC TV correspondent", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 6472094, 1288819 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 13 ], [ 15, 18 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Paul Watson, Toronto Star blogger and correspondent", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 311003, 141010 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 11 ], [ 13, 25 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Chris Wattie, National Post reporter", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 5209574, 234342 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 12 ], [ 14, 27 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Steven, mannequin", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Alumni", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Vahe Guzelimian, photographer", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Alumni", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Jennifer Pagliaro, Toronto Star city reporter", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 141010 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 20, 32 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Chris Hannay, The Globe and Mail political reporter", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Alumni", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Temur Durrani, The Globe and Mail reporter", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Alumni", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Gregory \"Jreg\" Guevara, Ottawa Mayor candidate (2022 Ottawa municipal election) and International Political Journalist ", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 69131402 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 49, 79 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Editor-in-chief: Isabel Harder", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Current Staff", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Copy editor: Makayla Morgan", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Current Staff", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "News editors: Mark Ramzy and Dominique Gené", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Current Staff", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "National editor: Evert Lindquist", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Current Staff", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Features editor: Pippa Norman", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Current Staff", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Op-ed editor: Faith Greco", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Current Staff", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Arts editor: Natasha Baldin", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Current Staff", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Sports editor: Jayden Dill", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Current Staff", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Photo editor: Emmanuella Onyeme", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Current Staff", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Graphics editor: Angel Xing", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Current Staff", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Social media manager: Jenna Legge", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Current Staff", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Multimedia/web editor: Matteo Golin", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Current Staff", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Managing editor: Giuseppe Ivan Sestini ", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Current Staff", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The Charlatan competed (usually in a friendly manner, though not exclusively) with The Resin, a student-run newspaper for residence students funded by the Rideau River Residence Association. Founded as the Pho-paw in 1973, it had suspended its operations between 2008 and 2012 before being revived, but it finally ceased publication in 2014. It returned in online form only in 2015.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Competition", "target_page_ids": [ 31826184 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 155, 189 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Carleton's engineering society also has its own newspaper, The Iron Times, which runs a satirical column every issue called \"Uses for The Charlatan.\"", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Competition", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Over the years, Carleton has supported several other campus newspapers, including the CUSA Update, published by CUSA for a short time after the Charlatan's incorporation in 1988. None of these competitors have survived to the present day.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Competition", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Launching its first issue on February 9, 2009, The Leveller describes itself as \"a publication covering news, current events, and culture at Carleton University, in the City of Ottawa and, to a lesser extent, the wider world\". The Leveller had published four issues between February and April 2009, and five more between November 2009 and March 2010. In March 2010, The Leveller won a Graduate Student Association referendum for a $1.50 levy per graduate student.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Competition", "target_page_ids": [ 209134, 22219 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 141, 160 ], [ 177, 183 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Over the years, some students, particularly those affiliated with or supportive of CUSA, have been very critical of the Charlatan. One CUSA president organized a public debate on this subject in 1983. The Charlatan was accused of covering trivial topics and of publishing error-prone articles concerning student-run bodies that sometimes required retractions or issue corrections.", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Criticism", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Students not supportive of CUSA have been critical as well, citing that the Charlatan has changed articles or played up or down quotes and events in order give a more positive image to the student council.", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Criticism", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "In rare instances, critics have resorted to newspaper vandalism and theft, the most recent major instance of which was in March 2000, when 6,900 copies of a single issue were taken.", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Criticism", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "In early 2006, two referendum questions asking for an increase in the Charlatan'''s per-student levy were defeated, by votes of 2276-1350 and 1926-1600 respectively. Critics of the Charlatan'' have pointed to these results as evidence of general dissatisfaction or apathy with the paper. Other increases in student levies also have a history of being defeated.", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Criticism", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "List of student newspapers in Canada", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 2819360 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 36 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "List of newspapers in Canada", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 233955 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 28 ] ] } ]

[ "Student_newspapers_published_in_Ontario", "Carleton_University", "Newspapers_published_in_Ottawa", "Weekly_newspapers_published_in_Ontario", "Newspapers_established_in_1945", "1945_establishments_in_Ontario" ]

[ "Charlatan" ]

[ { "plaintext": "Friction welding (FRW) is a solid-state welding process that generates heat through mechanical friction between workpieces in relative motion to one another, with the addition of a lateral force called \"upset\" to plastically displace and fuse the materials. Because no melting occurs, friction welding is not a fusion welding process, but a solid-state welding technique more like forge welding. Friction welding is used with metals and thermoplastics in a wide variety of aviation and automotive applications.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 44883, 11062, 27369936, 44883, 625114, 182444 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 40, 47 ], [ 95, 103 ], [ 311, 325 ], [ 341, 360 ], [ 381, 394 ], [ 437, 450 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "ISO norm of friction welding is EN ISO 15620:2019 there is information about basic terms and definitions and table of weldability of metals and alloys.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 14934, 1187 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 8 ], [ 144, 149 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Some applications and patents connected with friction welding were dated back to the turn of the 20th century and rotary friction welding is the oldest of this methods. W. Richter patented the method of linear friction welding (LFW) process in 1924 in England and 1929 in Germany, however, the description of the process was vague and H.Klopstock patented the same process in the USSR 1924. But first description and experiments related to rotary friction welding took place in the Soviet Union in 1956, machinist named A. J. Chdikov has realized scientific studies and suggested the use of this welding method as a commercial process. The process was introduced to the USA in 1960. The American companies Caterpillar Tractor Company (Caterpillar - CAT), Rockwell International, and American Manufacturing Foundry all developed machines for this process. Patents were also issued throughout Europe and the former Soviet Union. The first studies of friction welding in England were carried out by the Welding Institute in 1961. The USA with Caterpillar Inc. and MTI developed an inertia process in 1962. Europe with KUKA AG and Thompson launches rotary friction welding for industrial applications in 1966, developed a direct-drive process and in 1974 builds rRS6 the double spindle machine for heavy truck axles. Another method was invented and experimentally proven at The Welding Institute (TWI) in the UK and patented in 1991 Friction stir welding (FSW) process a solid-state joining process that uses a non-consumable tool to join two facing workpieces without melting the workpiece material. In 2008 KUKA AG developed the friction welding machine SRS 1000 with a forged force of 1000 tons.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 1446920, 9316, 11867, 66141540, 26779, 3434750, 668125, 668125, 26367, 1657269, 9239, 1920674, 160573, 21842389, 31717, 1496597, 1920674 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 203, 226 ], [ 252, 259 ], [ 272, 279 ], [ 440, 463 ], [ 482, 494 ], [ 670, 673 ], [ 706, 733 ], [ 735, 752 ], [ 755, 777 ], [ 783, 813 ], [ 891, 897 ], [ 1115, 1122 ], [ 1306, 1310 ], [ 1370, 1391 ], [ 1405, 1407 ], [ 1429, 1450 ], [ 1605, 1612 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "An improved modification of the standard friction welding is also Low Force Friction Welding, hybrid technology developed by EWI and Manufacturing Technology Inc. (MTI), \"uses an external energy source to raise the interface temperature of the two parts being joined, thereby reducing the process forces required to make a solid-state weld compared to traditional friction welding\". The process applies to both linear and rotary friction welding.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Today, the friction welding research materials comes from many places around the world, including Africa, South America, North America, Europe and Asia, and Australia.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 38714, 5334607, 26769, 21139, 9239, 689, 4689264 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 81, 86 ], [ 98, 104 ], [ 106, 119 ], [ 121, 134 ], [ 136, 142 ], [ 147, 151 ], [ 157, 166 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Rotary friction welding (RFW) is one of the methods of friction welding. One welded element is rotated to the other and pressed down. The heating of the material is caused by friction work and created not separable weld.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Metal techniques", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Linear friction welding (LFW) is similar to spin welding, except that the moving chuck oscillates laterally instead of spinning.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Metal techniques", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Friction stir welding (FSW) is a solid-state joining process that uses a non-consumable tool to join two facing workpieces without melting the workpiece material. Heat is generated by friction between the rotating tool and the workpiece material, which leads to a softened region near the FSW tool. While the tool is traversed along the joint line, it mechanically intermixes the two pieces of metal, and forges the hot and softened metal by the mechanical pressure, which is applied by the tool, much like joining clay, or dough.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Metal techniques", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Friction surfacing is a process derived from friction welding where a coating material is applied to a substrate. A rod composed of the coating material (called a mechtrode) is rotated under pressure, generating a plasticized layer in the rod at the interface with the substrate.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Metal techniques", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "In linear vibration welding the materials are placed in contact and put under pressure. An external vibration force is then applied to slip the pieces relative to each other, perpendicular to the pressure being applied.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Thermoplastic technique", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Orbital friction welding is similar to spin welding, but uses a more complex machine to produce an orbital motion in which the moving part rotates in a small circle, much smaller than the size of the joint as a whole.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Thermoplastic technique", "target_page_ids": [ 1593195 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 39, 51 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Forge welding", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Method list connected to friction welding", "target_page_ids": [ 625114 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 14 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Friction stir welding (FSW)", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Method list connected to friction welding", "target_page_ids": [ 1496597 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 22 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Friction stir spot welding (FSSW)", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Method list connected to friction welding", "target_page_ids": [ 56722248 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 27 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Linear friction welding (LFW)", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Method list connected to friction welding", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Friction welding of pipeline girth welds (FRIEX)", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Method list connected to friction welding", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Friction hydro pillar overlap processing (FHPPOW)", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Method list connected to friction welding", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Friction hydro pillar processing (FHHP)", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Method list connected to friction welding", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Linear vibration welding", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Method list connected to friction welding", "target_page_ids": [ 30488676 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 24 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Spin welding of polymers", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Method list connected to friction welding", "target_page_ids": [ 56436080 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 24 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Low Force Friction Welding", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Method list connected to friction welding", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Quality requirements of welded joints depend on the form of application, e.g. in the space or fly industry weld errors are not allowed. There are many scientific articles describing the weld, weld quality tests assurance is performed, with measurements and numerical methods. Science tries to gets good quality welds.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Other information", "target_page_ids": [ 13182827 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 192, 220 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "For example, an ultra fine grain structure of alloy or metal which is obtained by techniques such as severe plastic deformation is desirable, and not changed by the high temperature, a large heat affected zone is unnecessary.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Other information", "target_page_ids": [ 365435, 23756855, 1830354 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 27, 32 ], [ 101, 127 ], [ 191, 209 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Moreover, in addition to changing the grain structure during metal joining cycles, by methods where high temperature affected zone was occur, are phase transformations structure. For example, in steel between austenite, ferrite, pearlite, bainite, cementite and martensite, see: Iron-carbon phase diagram. In order to avoid changes solid state welding may be desired and large heat affected zone is not needed if weakens the material properties.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Other information", "target_page_ids": [ 27058, 233317, 15285305, 535581, 288452, 233281, 233266, 1830354 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 195, 200 ], [ 209, 218 ], [ 220, 227 ], [ 229, 237 ], [ 239, 246 ], [ 248, 257 ], [ 262, 272 ], [ 377, 395 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Individual thermomechanical zones can be described by citing an example article:", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Other information", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Anthony R.McAndrew, Paul A.Colegrove, Clement Bühr, Bertrand C.D., Flipo Achilleas Vairis, \"A literature review of Ti-6Al-4V linear friction welding\", 2018.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Other information", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "\"Technically the WCZ and the TMAZ are both \"thermo-mechanically affected zones\" but due to the vastly different microstructures they possess they are often considered separately. The WCZ experiences significant dynamic recrystallisation (DRX), the TMAZ does not. The material in HAZ is not deformed mechanically but is affected by the heat. The region from one TMAZ/HAZ boundary to the other is often referred to as the \"TMAZ thickness\" or the plastically affected zone (PAZ). For the remainder of this article this region will be referred to as the PAZ.\"", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Other information", "target_page_ids": [ 3069483, 1830354 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 211, 236 ], [ 279, 282 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Zones:", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Other information", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " WCZ– weld center zone,", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Other information", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " HAZ – heat affected zone,", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Other information", "target_page_ids": [ 1830354 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 7, 25 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " TMAZ – Thermo-Mechanically Affected Zone,", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Other information", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " BM – base material, parent material,", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Other information", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Flash.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Other information", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Similar terms exist in welding.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Other information", "target_page_ids": [ 44883 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 23, 30 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Friction welding may unintentionally occur at sliding surfaces like bearings. This happens in particular if the lubricating oil film between sliding surfaces becomes thinner than the surface roughness, which may be due to low speed, low temperature, oil starvation, excessive clearance, low viscosity of the oil, high roughness of the surfaces, or a combination thereof.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Other information", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The seizure resistance is the ability of a material to resist friction welding. It is a fundamental property of bearing surfaces and in general of sliding surfaces under load.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Other information", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Frictional welding (μFSW) was also performed using a CNC machine. which does not mean that it is safe and recommended for the milling machine.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Other information", "target_page_ids": [ 1496597, 693342 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 22, 25 ], [ 54, 65 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Friction welding has also been shown to work on wood.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Other information", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "To quote ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) - ISO 15620:2019(en) Welding — Friction welding of metallic materials:", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Terms and definitions, name shortcuts", "target_page_ids": [ 14934 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 14, 64 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "\"axial force - force in axial direction between components to be welded,", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Terms and definitions, name shortcuts", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "burn-off length - loss of length during the friction phase,", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Terms and definitions, name shortcuts", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "burn-off rate - rate of shortening of the components during the friction welding process,", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Terms and definitions, name shortcuts", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "component - single item before welding,", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Terms and definitions, name shortcuts", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "component induced braking - reduction in rotational speed resulting from friction between the interfaces,", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Terms and definitions, name shortcuts", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "external braking - braking located externally reducing the rotational speed,", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Terms and definitions, name shortcuts", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "faying surface - surface of one component that is to be in contact with a surface of another component to form a joint,", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Terms and definitions, name shortcuts", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "forge force - force applied normal to the faying surfaces at the time when relative movement between the components is ceasing or has ceased,", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Terms and definitions, name shortcuts", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "forge burn-off length - amount by which the overall length of the components is reduced during the application of the forge force,", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Terms and definitions, name shortcuts", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "forge phase - interval time in the friction welding cycle between the start and finish of application of the forge force,", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Terms and definitions, name shortcuts", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "forge pressure - pressure (force per unit area) on the faying surfaces resulting from the axial forge force,", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Terms and definitions, name shortcuts", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "forge time - time for which the forge force is applied to the components,", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Terms and definitions, name shortcuts", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "friction force - force applied perpendicularly to the faying surfaces during the time that there is relative movement between the components,", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Terms and definitions, name shortcuts", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "friction phase - interval time in the friction welding cycle in which the heat necessary for making a weld is generated by relative motion and the friction forces between the components i.e. from contact of components to the start of deceleration,", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Terms and definitions, name shortcuts", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "friction pressure - pressure (force per unit area) on the faying surfaces resulting from the axial friction force,", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Terms and definitions, name shortcuts", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "friction time - time during which relative movement between the components takes place at rotational speed and under application of the friction forces,", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Terms and definitions, name shortcuts", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "interface - contact area developed between the faying surfaces after completion of the welding operation,", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Terms and definitions, name shortcuts", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "rotational speed - number of revolutions per minute of rotating component,", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Terms and definitions, name shortcuts", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "stick-out - distance a component sticks out from the fixture, or chuck in the direction of the mating component,", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Terms and definitions, name shortcuts", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "deceleration phase - interval in the friction welding cycle in which the relative motion of the components is decelerated to zero,", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Terms and definitions, name shortcuts", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "deceleration time - time required by the moving component to decelerate from friction speed to zero speed,", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Terms and definitions, name shortcuts", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "total length loss (upset) - loss of length that occurs as a result of friction welding, i.e. the sum of the burn-off length and the forge burn-off length,", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Terms and definitions, name shortcuts", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "total weld time - time elapsed between component contact and end of forging phase,", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Terms and definitions, name shortcuts", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "welding cycle - succession of operations carried out by the machine to make a weldment and return to the initial position, excluding component - handling operations,", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Terms and definitions, name shortcuts", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "weldment - two or more components joined by welding.\"", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Terms and definitions, name shortcuts", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "Plastic_welding", "Welding" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "Alien languages (Exo-Linguistics), i.e. languages of extraterrestrial beings, are a hypothetical subject since none have been encountered so far. The research in these hypothetical languages is variously called exolinguistics, xenolinguistics or astrolinguistics. The question of what form alien languages might take and the possibility for humans to recognize and translate them has been part of the linguistics and language studies courses, e.g., at the Bowling Green State University (2001).", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 9588, 11175098, 22760983, 275181 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 53, 75 ], [ 248, 264 ], [ 403, 414 ], [ 458, 488 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Noam Chomsky (1983), starting with his hypothesis of a genetically-predetermined universal grammar of human languages, held that it would be impossible for a human to naturally learn an alien language because it would most probably violate the universal grammar inborn in humans. Humans would have to study an alien language by the slow way of discovery, the same way as scientists do research in, say, physics.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 21566, 40313 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 12 ], [ 81, 98 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Linguist Keren Rice posits that basic communication between humans and aliens should be possible, unless \"the things that we think are common to languages—situating in time [and] space, talking about participants, etc.—are so radically different that the human language provides no starting point for it.\"", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 45044168, 5177 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 9, 19 ], [ 38, 51 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Jessica Coon, a professor of linguistics at McGill University, was consulted for the linguistic aspect of the 2016 film Arrival. While acknowledging that the graphical language in the film was art without linguistic meaning, she stated that the film was a fairly accurate portrayal of the approach human linguists would use in trying to understand an alien language.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 52387091, 7954643, 43991244 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 12 ], [ 44, 61 ], [ 120, 127 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Solomon W. Golomb posited that in order to gain the ability to build radio transmitters or other devices capable of interstellar communication, or any other technology beyond the most rudimentary tools, knowledge must be accumulated over the course of many generations. Golomb further reasoned that since this requires that those who have learned knowledge from others can keep passing it on even after those who originally created the knowledge are dead, any beings capable of building civilizations must have an innate understanding that information retains its meaning no matter who utters it, and not block information out based on the generation of the messenger or deeming the same words acceptable or unacceptable depending on who utters them. It was held by Golomb that this ability, by being a necessary condition for accumulating information into culture in the first place, must be innate as something that is needed to form culture from the beginning cannot be an effect of culture. Golomb argued that this would create a common linguistic ground assisting humans with this ability in learning extraterrestrial languages.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 1860707 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 17 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Alien language in science fiction", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 52581728 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 33 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Communication with extraterrestrial intelligence", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 1446835 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 48 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Animal language", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 457115 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 16 ] ] } ]

[ "Alien_language" ]

[ "extraterrestrial language", "exolinguistics", "xenolinguistics", "cosmic linguistics" ]

[ { "plaintext": "Wainscott may refer to:", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Wainscott, Kent, England", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Places", "target_page_ids": [ 3944408 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 16 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Wainscott, New York, US", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Places", "target_page_ids": [ 127387 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 20 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " G. L. Wainscott, the creator of Ale-8-One", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "People with the surname", "target_page_ids": [ 438640 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 33, 42 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Tina Wainscott, American author", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "People with the surname", "target_page_ids": [ 12406079 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 15 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Wainscot (disambiguation)", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 17297483 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 26 ] ] } ]

[]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "Building #19 was a New England chain of discount closeout retailers that operated from 1964 until it declared bankruptcy in 2013. At the time of its bankruptcy, it had thirteen stores. The family that owned the chain later reopened two of the former locations as a part of a new business, The Rug Department, that was limited to rugs and related merchandise. However, these locations in Norwood and Burlington closed in 2014.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 449182, 890346, 4695 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 31, 36 ], [ 40, 67 ], [ 110, 120 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The “closeout stores” had been known throughout New England for selling an eclectic assortment of items at drastically discounted prices, as well as self-effacing advertising that made fun of the founder, Jerry Ellis. Many of the items were factory irregulars, discontinued models, post-expiration-date, damaged, or less than perfect in some other way, but some new merchandise was offered as well. The stores capitalized on the quick cash flow needs of other businesses, obtaining most of their merchandise from fire sales, overstocks, customs seizures, liquidations, and bankruptcy courts.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 600368, 53751, 14706853, 9625683, 4838632, 565034, 70237 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 282, 302 ], [ 436, 445 ], [ 514, 523 ], [ 526, 535 ], [ 538, 554 ], [ 556, 567 ], [ 574, 584 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On November 1, 2013, Building #19 Inc. and a number of affiliated companies voluntarily filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Massachusetts. Ellis said that the business had been \"on a downhill slope for 10 years\", and attributed its failure to Internet competition, overseas manufacturing, and improved fire protection of warehouses. The latter two factors reduced the supply of salvage and surplus products to sell.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 7279, 4136175 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 98, 108 ], [ 367, 382 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Jerry Ellis (born Gerald Elovitz) founded the original store in 1964 with Harry Andler, when the two joined together to sell a stock of appliances. The original Building #19 was located at the former Bethlehem Hingham Shipyard, where the buildings were numbered, and the store retained the nondescript name on the building rather than pay for a new sign. Harry Andler was doing surplus and salvage business in the shipyard for several years. The unique combination of Ellis' advertising flair and Andler's expertise in finding and buying distressed merchandise accounts for the early success of the business. Andler bought \"good stuff cheap\" and Ellis let everyone know about it with amusing advertising.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 39478553 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 200, 226 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In 1971, when the windows began to fall out of the John Hancock Tower in Boston, Jerry and Harry were offered, and bought the defective window panels that were scheduled to be replaced. This got the company national press and attention.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 465616 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 51, 69 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In 1979, retailers Building #19 and Bloomingdales both appeared as contrasting locations in the movie Starting Over, starring Burt Reynolds, Candice Bergen, Jill Clayburgh, and Charles Durning. The movie was directed by Alan Pakula.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 843787, 240363, 178246, 313503, 225561, 638381, 837131 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 36, 49 ], [ 102, 115 ], [ 126, 139 ], [ 141, 155 ], [ 157, 171 ], [ 177, 192 ], [ 221, 232 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In the 1980s, the original Building #19 moved to the former GEM (Government Employee Merchandise) building on Derby Street in Hingham, Massachusetts. Later, Building #19 1/8 opened in the old Stuart's store in the Harborlight Mall on Rt 3A in Weymouth, Massachusetts; still later that store was closed to build a Lowe's Store. The main store Building #19 moved from Derby Street in Hingham and was situated in Weymouth at the old Caldor/Zayre's/Ames building on Massachusetts Route 18.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 257317, 739718, 2558066 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 243, 266 ], [ 313, 319 ], [ 462, 484 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In 2002, Building #19 bought out the independent discount store Spag's in Shrewsbury, Massachusetts, and renamed the acquisition \"Spag's 19\". The store format and configuration were changed after the purchase, to more closely resemble the other Building #19 operations. However the store was closed in May 2013.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 2654416, 116956 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 64, 70 ], [ 74, 99 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Several years after the chain shut, formerly competing Ollie's Bargain Outlet opened a store in Worcester, Massachusetts which is branded as \"Ollie's Bargain Outlet @ Building #19.” It is an actual former Building #19 location and is intended to pay homage to the now-defunct chain.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 4609553, 99312 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 55, 77 ], [ 96, 120 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "As of June 2022, nearly all Building #19 locations have been demolished or redeveloped into supermarkets, storage facilities, or other discount stores. The Pawtucket location and its signage still stands, although without any identifiable Building #19 characteristics. The signage in Haverhill remained until at least October 2015, and the location still retains an awning and exterior paint job in the chain's color scheme.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The chain was known for its often self-deprecating humor, both in their advertising and throughout their store interiors. Their weekly ad circulars often featured caricatures of founder Jerry Ellis with a number of sarcastic captions, many of which were repeated in their in-store advertising. The early circulars featured the \"free-spirit\" Ellis sternly commanded to work harder by the \"skinflint\" Andler. , Ellis still wrote most of the ad copy used in the ad flyers.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Corporate culture", "target_page_ids": [ 2444041, 206682 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 34, 56 ], [ 163, 173 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Each Building #19 location offered free coffee with \"free fake cream\". Signs near the free coffee stand warned customers not to make fun of the poor quality of the coffee, because \"someday you'll be old and weak too\". Their price guarantee awarded a bottle of \"Chateau du Cheapo\" champagne if a competitor beat their price.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Corporate culture", "target_page_ids": [ 604727, 53754 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 40, 46 ], [ 280, 289 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In 2006, Building #19 put a cartoon in their President's Day advertising flier showing A-shirts (athletic style undershirts) labeled as being \"Wife-Beater\" shirts. Building #19 was criticized, and promptly apologized. Two years later, a flier poked fun at the 2006 controversy, and was similarly criticized.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Corporate culture", "target_page_ids": [ 31411228, 2377843 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 45, 60 ], [ 87, 94 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The main Building #19 store was located in Hingham, Massachusetts; other stores had a numerical fraction appended to their name (such as Building #19½, in Burlington or Building #19¾, in Norwood). Building #19 1/9, in Pawtucket, Rhode Island, used the old grandstand portion of Narragansett Park - a former horse racing venue that had closed in 1978.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Corporate culture", "target_page_ids": [ 424587, 1704824, 257272, 257310, 134334, 25410, 10680758 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 43, 65 ], [ 86, 104 ], [ 155, 165 ], [ 187, 194 ], [ 218, 227 ], [ 229, 241 ], [ 278, 295 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "\"Good Stuff... Cheap\"", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Corporate culture", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "\"Suffer a Little, Save a Lot\"", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Corporate culture", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "\"The Humble Department Store\"", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Corporate culture", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "\"Support the three-day work week\"", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Corporate culture", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "\"America's messiest department store\"", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Corporate culture", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "\"Please leave with at least as many children as you came with\"", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Corporate culture", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "\"Our business is like sex. When it’s good, it’s wonderful. And when it’s bad, it’s still pretty good.\"", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Corporate culture", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "\"Free admission on all days ending with the letter Y\"", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Corporate culture", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "\"We Now Accept Credit Cods\"", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Corporate culture", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Christmas Tree Shops", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 6255055 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 20 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Ocean State Job Lot", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 2082384 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 19 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The Akron", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 47276805 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 9 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Tuesday Morning", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 1332531 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 15 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Ollie's Bargain Outlet", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 4609553 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 22 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Mat Brown (cartoonist for the Building #19 fliers)", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "Companies_based_in_Plymouth_County,_Massachusetts", "Companies_based_in_Massachusetts", "Economy_of_the_Northeastern_United_States", "Defunct_discount_stores_of_the_United_States", "Defunct_companies_based_in_Massachusetts", "American_companies_established_in_1964", "Retail_companies_established_in_1964", "Retail_companies_disestablished_in_2013", "Companies_that_filed_for_Chapter_11_bankruptcy_in_2013", "Hingham,_Massachusetts", "1964_establishments_in_Massachusetts", "2013_disestablishments_in_Massachusetts" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "James Christopher D'Agostino (born July 7, 1975), professionally known as DJ Green Lantern, is an American hip hop DJ and producer from Rochester, New York. In 2002, D'Agostino was signed by American rapper Eminem, to become the official DJ for Shady Records, after DJ Head stepped down for undisclosed reasons.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 126641, 4429395, 1152442, 3779161 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 136, 155 ], [ 207, 213 ], [ 245, 258 ], [ 266, 273 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "DJ Green Lantern came to prominence in the late 1990s–early 2000s with his signature brand of mixtapes. The creativity of these tapes caught the ear of many industry power players, one of which was Eminem. The first set of officially sponsored mixtapes from Eminem's Shady Records. On the series, spanning three mixtapes (later to be spun off into the Armageddon series), the DJ broke several diss records, furthering the issues between Eminem and Benzino/The Source, as well as the entire Shady camp and Ja Rule/Murder Inc.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Biography", "target_page_ids": [ 1152442, 1148879, 719719, 144010, 33643063 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 267, 280 ], [ 448, 455 ], [ 456, 466 ], [ 505, 512 ], [ 513, 524 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "He is also recognized as a producer, featuring on his own mixtapes several \"Green Remixes,\" including, most notably, a remix of the Nas and Tupac Shakur collaboration, \"Thugz Mansion.\" He also produced D-Block's \"2 Guns Up\", an acclaimed street single, which originated as a freestyle rap on his Hot 97 radio show, \"In the Lab\" (the most memorable of which has also appeared as a mixtape, \"The Best of In the Lab\"). \"In the Lab\" is formatted as a one-hour (with commercials) mix show, in which DJ Green Lantern blends a cappella and instrumental tracks from various artists, as well as breaking new and underground music (such as the Ghostface Killah and El-Producto collaboration \"HideYaFace\").", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Biography", "target_page_ids": [ 53207, 146167, 31341, 4598437, 379559, 1427809, 2411, 180505, 403080 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 27, 35 ], [ 132, 135 ], [ 140, 152 ], [ 202, 209 ], [ 275, 288 ], [ 296, 302 ], [ 518, 528 ], [ 634, 650 ], [ 655, 666 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "D'Agostino also produced Ludacris' \"Number One Spot,\" the second single from his album The Red Light District, and Immortal Technique's \"Bin Laden\" single, which blames the Reagan Doctrine and U.S. President George W. Bush for the September 11, 2001 attacks.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Biography", "target_page_ids": [ 159966, 528282, 1607728, 1078340, 88577, 3414021, 5058690 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 25, 33 ], [ 81, 86 ], [ 87, 109 ], [ 115, 133 ], [ 173, 188 ], [ 209, 223 ], [ 232, 258 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "As a member of the Shady Records family, D'Agostino also hosted a show on Eminem's Sirius Satellite Radio channel, Shade 45, along with an accompanying mixtape released in the fall of 2004. As Eminem's DJ, D'Agostino was responsible for touring with him and spinning at shows such as the Shady National Convention and The Game's album release party. D'Agostino's much anticipated album Armageddon was set to be released under Shady Records, but controversy and an eventual parting would put the release in limbo.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Biography", "target_page_ids": [ 345117, 55293117, 3049, 236918, 232674, 894013 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 83, 105 ], [ 115, 123 ], [ 176, 180 ], [ 237, 244 ], [ 258, 266 ], [ 318, 328 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In summer 2007, D'Agostino returned to Sirius Satellite Radio on the Hip-Hop Nation channel. He hosts a show called The Invasion.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Biography", "target_page_ids": [ 345117, 37940355 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 39, 61 ], [ 69, 83 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "D'Agostino recently put together and mixed the highly anticipated Bar Exam 2 mixtape by acclaimed Detroit MC Royce da 5'9\". Green took over for DJ Premier and Statik Selektah who hosted and mixed Royce's first Bar Exam Mixtape. The Bar Exam 2 was pushed back several times because of Green Lantern's inability to mix the tape due to his touring. After several stated released dates, Bar Exam 2 was finally released on September 15 as a free download on HipHopDX.com. Due to the high anticipation of the mixtape, Royce gave the mixtape the slogan \"Happy Bar Exam 2, It's a Holiday\" prior to its release.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Biography", "target_page_ids": [ 1273643, 396695, 27562844 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 109, 122 ], [ 144, 154 ], [ 159, 174 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "D'Agostino collaborated with Dead Prez on their latest album, Pulse of the People: Turn Off The Radio, Vol. 3, released in June 2009", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Biography", "target_page_ids": [ 180536 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 29, 38 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Together with Mister Cee, he is featured as host of the hip-hop radio station \"The Beat 102.7\" in the video game Grand Theft Auto IV. The station is essentially a parody of Hot 97. Instead of using existing songs, Green Lantern produced the songs exclusively for \"The Beat 102.7\".", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Biography", "target_page_ids": [ 7796522, 2300721, 1427809 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 14, 24 ], [ 113, 132 ], [ 173, 179 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " 2002 Shady Times: Invasion Part I", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " 2003 Invasion Part II: Conspiracy Theory", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " 2004 Invasion Part Three: Countdown to Armageddon", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " 2005 New World Order", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " 2006 New York State of Mind", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " 2006 Throwback Classics, Vol. 1", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " 2006 You'll See", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " 2006 Team Invasion: Best of DJ Green Lantern and Dipset", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " 2006 Pre-Release Therapy: The Truth Shall Set U Free (with Ludacris)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [ 159966 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 60, 68 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " 2007 Alive On Arrival", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " 2007 Hood Rules Apply", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " 2007 R.O.C. Stars Street Leak: American Gangster", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " 2007 The MySpace Invasion", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " 2007 I Produced That", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " 2008 Grand Theft Auto IV: Liberty City Invasion [soundtrack]", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " 2012 Invade the Game", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " 2012 YAP EM", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " 2012 IRENE (with Mitchelle'l)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [ 44080312 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 18, 29 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " 2014 \"Che Rhenosonce – Unforgettable Memories\"", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " 2017 Hitler On Steroids (with Westside Gunn)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [ 50795176 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 31, 44 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " DJ Green Lantern, Russell Simmons & Barack Obama: Yes We Can (The Mixtape)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Grafh and DJ Green Lantern: The Oracle 2", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Royce da 5'9\" and DJ Green Lantern: Bar Exam 2", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [ 1273643 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 14 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " 07-07-08 (with Cassidy and Team Invasion)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [ 705374 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 16, 23 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " DJ Green Lantern and Immortal Technique: The 3rd World", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [ 1078340, 17361899 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 22, 40 ], [ 42, 55 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Charles Hamilton & DJ Green Lantern: Outside Looking", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Nas & DJ Green Lantern: The Nigger Mixtape", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [ 146167 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 4 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Monster Mash Part 2", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Grow Season (with Wiz Khalifa)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [ 8269381 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 19, 30 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " 07-07-07 (with Cassidy and DJ Thoro)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [ 705374 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 16, 23 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " The MySpace Invasion, Vol. 3", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Cocaine On Steroids (with N.O.R.E.)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [ 1436353 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 27, 35 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " The MySpace Invasion, Vol. 2", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Respect the Shooter (with Uncle Murda)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [ 20446814 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 27, 38 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Monster Mash", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " The Sirius Invasion", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " MySpace Takeover (with Team 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Greezy Talk (with Team Invasion)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " The Internet Invasion (with Ghostface Killah)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [ 180505 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 29, 45 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " We Major (with Mike Shinoda) (2005)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [ 145532 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 17, 29 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Razor Tag (with Styles of Beyond) (2007)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [ 1855221, 1855221 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 10 ], [ 17, 33 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Ain't No Greezy Talk: Team Invasion Edition (with DVD / with Team Invasion)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " The Green Lantern Instrumentals (hosted by Team Invasion)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Team Invasion Presents: Keyshia Cole", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [ 2215547 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 25, 37 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " The Best of Green Lantern and D-Block (hosted by Team Invasion)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [ 4598437 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 31, 38 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " The Best of Green Lantern and Shady Records (hosted by Team Invasion)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [ 1152442 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 31, 44 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " 5 Star General", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Shade 45: Sirius Bizness (hosted by Eminem)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [ 4429395 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 37, 43 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Public Enemy Number One (with Beanie Sigel)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [ 1623106 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 31, 43 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " The Oracle (with Grafh)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [ 4541055 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 18, 23 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " The Champ Is Here (with Jadakiss / hosted by Big Mike)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [ 721002 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 25, 33 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Countdown to Armageddon 2: Back to the Lab (hosted by Dame Dash)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [ 1172299 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 55, 64 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " The Best of In Da Lab, Vol. 1", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Rap Phenomenon II: 2Pac (with Dirty Harry and DJ Vlad)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [ 31341, 54781399 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 20, 24 ], [ 31, 42 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Invasion, Part 1", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Get in Where U Fit in (with the Young Gunz)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [ 1707561 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 33, 43 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " New World Order, Pt.2", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " The Chosen One", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Takin' it to the Streets", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Inherited Beef, Vol.1 (with Ronald)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Just Us and the Gunz", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " In Too Deep", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Rookie of the Year", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Coming of Age", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Millennium All-Stars (with DJs Tony Touch, Mister Cee, Ron G, Funkmaster Flex, Doo Wop, DJ Enuff, Spinbad, and DJ Dale)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [ 979215, 7796522, 1221499, 5199536 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 32, 42 ], [ 44, 54 ], [ 63, 78 ], [ 99, 106 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " The Green Ghost Project (with Styles P)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [ 27072285, 1916779 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 24 ], [ 31, 39 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Man vs Many (with Nefew)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [ 30104887 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 19, 24 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Back to School EP (with Ronald)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Cak-ill-ack Muzik'' (with Ben G) ", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "DJ Green Lantern on Myspace", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [ 1270655 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 20, 27 ] ] } ]

[ "AND1", "Living_people", "American_hip_hop_musicians", "Place_of_birth_missing_(living_people)", "American_hip_hop_DJs", "Mixtape_DJs", "Musicians_from_Rochester,_New_York", "1975_births", "American_people_of_Puerto_Rican_descent", "American_people_of_Italian_descent" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "Binet is surname of French origin, shared by the following people:", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Alfred Binet, a 19th-century French psychologist and inventor of the first usable intelligence test.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 70655 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 12 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The Stanford-Binet IQ test is partially named after Alfred Binet.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 239041 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 4, 26 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Charles Henri Joseph Binet (1869–1936), Catholic archbishop and Cardinal from France.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 11802477 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 26 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Charles Binet-Sanglé (1868–1941), a French military doctor and psychologist.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 59442760 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 20 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Etienne Binet, a 17th-century French Jesuit author.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 6458892, 16083 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 13 ], [ 37, 43 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Jacques Philippe Marie Binet, an 18th-century French mathematician.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 2252908 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 28 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Binet's formula for the Fibonacci sequence is named after Jacques Binet.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 10918 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 15 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The Cauchy-Binet formula of linear algebra is partially named after Jacques Binet.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 357354 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 4, 24 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Jean-Auguste-Gustave Binet (pen name Binet-Valmer), a Franco-Swiss writer", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 29043573 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 37, 49 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Jocelyne Binet, a Canadian pianist, composer and music teacher.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 28756941 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 14 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Laurent Binet (born 1972), a French writer and university lecturer", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 27561228 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 13 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "BiNet USA (Bisexual Network of the USA)", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 1367426 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 9 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Banet, another surname", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 47459855 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 5 ] ] } ]

[]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "Cherson (or Kherson) may refer to the following places and jurisdictions :", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Kherson, a city in southern Ukraine, the administrative center of the Kherson Oblast (province)", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 1025861 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 8 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Chersonesus Taurica, an ancient Greek colony founded approximately 2,500 years ago in the southwestern part of Crimea", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 1216124 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 20 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Cherson (theme), a Byzantine military province located in the southern Crimea, centred at Chersonesus Taurica", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 31351256 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 16 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " the former Roman Catholic Diocese of Cherson (renamed Tiraspol), in and around post-Soviet Moldavia", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 48187731 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 12, 45 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " 2701 Cherson, a main-belt asteroid discovered on 1 September 1978 by Nikolai Chernykh", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 621216 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 13 ] ] } ]

[]

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[ { "plaintext": "The chromatic circle is a clock diagram for displaying relationships among the 12 equal-tempered pitch classes making up the familiar chromatic scale on a circle. ", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 6449, 10307, 412388, 49234, 6220 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 26, 31 ], [ 82, 96 ], [ 97, 108 ], [ 134, 149 ], [ 155, 161 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "If one starts on any equal-tempered pitch and repeatedly ascends by the musical interval of a semitone, one will eventually land on a pitch with the same pitch class as the initial one, having passed through all the other equal-tempered chromatic pitch classes in between. Since the space is circular, it is also possible to descend by semitone. ", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Explanation", "target_page_ids": [ 49171, 415167, 10307 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 72, 88 ], [ 94, 102 ], [ 222, 236 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The chromatic circle is useful because it represents melodic distance, which is often correlated with physical distance on musical instruments. For instance, to move from any C on a piano keyboard to the nearest E, one must move up four semitones, corresponding to four clockwise steps on the chromatic circle. One can also move down by eight semitones, corresponding to eight counterclockwise steps on the pitch class circle. ", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Explanation", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Larger motions on the piano (or in pitch space) can be represented in pitch class space by paths that \"wrap around\" the chromatic circle one or more times.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Explanation", "target_page_ids": [ 616723 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 35, 46 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "One can represent the twelve equal-tempered pitch classes by the cyclic group of order twelve, or equivalently, the residue classes modulo twelve, Z/12Z. The group has four generators, which can be identified with the ascending and descending semitones and the ascending and descending perfect fifths. ", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Explanation", "target_page_ids": [ 52327, 20087, 99945 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 65, 77 ], [ 116, 131 ], [ 175, 185 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The semitonal generator gives rise to the chromatic circle while the perfect fifth gives rise to the circle of fifths.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Explanation", "target_page_ids": [ 238190 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 101, 117 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "A key difference between the chromatic circle and the circle of fifths is that the former is truly a continuous space: every point on the circle corresponds to a conceivable pitch class, and every conceivable pitch class corresponds to a point on the circle. By contrast, the circle of fifths is fundamentally a discrete structure, and there is no obvious way to assign pitch classes to each of its points.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Comparison with circle of fifths", "target_page_ids": [ 238190, 412388 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 54, 70 ], [ 174, 185 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "A pitch constellation is a graphical representation of pitches used to describe musical scales, modes, chords or other groupings of pitches within an octave range. It consists of a circle with markings along the circumference or lines from the center which indicate pitches. Most pitch constellations use of a subset of pitches chosen from the twelve pitch chromatic scale. In this case the points on the circle are spaced like the twelve hour markings on an analog clock where each tick mark represents a semitone.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Pitch constellation", "target_page_ids": [ 77933, 40651, 19556, 224256, 77933, 49234 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 55, 62 ], [ 80, 93 ], [ 96, 101 ], [ 103, 109 ], [ 132, 139 ], [ 359, 374 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The pitch constellation provides an easy way to identify certain patterns and similarities between harmonic structures.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Pitch constellation", "target_page_ids": [ 40258 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 99, 107 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "For example.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Pitch constellation", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " A major scale consists of a circle with markings at 0 (or 12), 2, 4, 5, 7, 9 and 11 o'clock.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Pitch constellation", "target_page_ids": [ 20759 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 3, 14 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " A minor scale consists of a circle with markings at 0 (or 12), 2, 3, 5, 7, 8 and 10 o'clock.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Pitch constellation", "target_page_ids": [ 20765 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 3, 14 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The diagrams above show the two scales marked with \"scale degrees\". It can be observed that the tonic, second, fourth and fifth are shared, while the minor scale flattens the third, sixth and seventh notes relative to the major scale. Another observation is that the minor scale's constellation is the same as the major scale, but rotated +90 degrees.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Pitch constellation", "target_page_ids": [ 622802, 43191, 139950 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 51, 66 ], [ 97, 102 ], [ 163, 171 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In the following drawing all of the major/minor scales are drawn. Note that the constellation for all the major scales or all the minor scales are identical. The different scales are generated by rotating the note overlay. The notes that need to be sharpened/flattened can be easily identified.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Pitch constellation", "target_page_ids": [ 139920 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 252, 261 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Moreover, if we draw all seven diatonic modes we can see them all as rotations of the Ionian mode. Note also the significance of the 6 o'clock point. This corresponds to a tritone. The modes including pitches a tritone from the tonic (Locrian and Lydian) are least used. The 5 o'clock and 7 o'clock pitches are also important points corresponding to a perfect fourth and perfect fifth respectively. The most used scales/modes - major (Ionian mode), minor (Aeolian mode) and Mixolydian - include these pitches.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Pitch constellation", "target_page_ids": [ 10232935, 19556, 8598451, 70443, 863320, 714277, 143880, 143888, 8598451, 523013, 523004 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 31, 39 ], [ 40, 45 ], [ 86, 97 ], [ 174, 181 ], [ 238, 245 ], [ 250, 256 ], [ 356, 370 ], [ 375, 388 ], [ 440, 451 ], [ 461, 473 ], [ 479, 489 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Symmetric scales have simple representations in this scheme.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Pitch constellation", "target_page_ids": [ 13738228 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 15 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "More exotic scales - such as the pentatonic, blues and octatonic - can also be drawn and related to the common scales.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Pitch constellation", "target_page_ids": [ 88768, 156013, 175974 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 33, 43 ], [ 45, 50 ], [ 55, 64 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "A more complete list of musical scales and modes", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Pitch constellation", "target_page_ids": [ 31540557 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 16, 48 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In previous sections we saw how various overlays (scale degrees, semi-tone numbering, notes) can be used to notate the circumference of the constellation. Various other overlays can be laid around the constellation. For example:", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Pitch constellation", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Intervals.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Pitch constellation", "target_page_ids": [ 49171 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 10 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Solfège.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Pitch constellation", "target_page_ids": [ 95323 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 8 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Pitch ratios (ratios of pitch frequencies).", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Pitch constellation", "target_page_ids": [ 27510655 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 13 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Note that once a pitch constellation has been determined, any number of overlays (notes, solfège, intervals, etc.) may be placed on top for analysis/comparison. Often generating one harmonic relationship from another is simply a matter of rotating the overlay or constellation or shifting one or two pitch locations.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Pitch constellation", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Similarities between chords can also be observed as well as the significance of augmented/diminished notes.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Pitch constellation", "target_page_ids": [ 224256, 1693798 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 21, 27 ], [ 80, 100 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "For triads we have the following:", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Pitch constellation", "target_page_ids": [ 497868 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 4, 10 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "And for seventh chords:", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Pitch constellation", "target_page_ids": [ 203442 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 8, 21 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Beginning with a pitch constellation of a chromatic scale, the notes of a circle of fifths can be easily generated. Starting at C and moving across the circle and then one tick clockwise a line is drawn with an arrow indicating the direction moved. Continuing from that point (across the circle and one tick clockwise) all points are connected. Moving through this pattern the notes of the circle of fifths", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Pitch constellation", "target_page_ids": [ 238190 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 75, 91 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "can be determined (C, G, D, A ...).", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Pitch constellation", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The ratio of the frequencies between two pitches in the constellation can be determined as follows. Take the length of the arc (measured clockwise) between the two points and divide by the circumference of the circle. The frequency ratio is two raised to this power. For example, for a fifth (P5, which is located at 7 o'clock relative to the tonic T) the frequency ratio is:", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Pitch constellation", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": ".", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Further reading", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": ".", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Further reading", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Notenscheibe web application - pitch constellations of scales, triads, intervals and the circle of fifths, with basic audio", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " On-line app illustrating pitch constellations", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " ScaleTapper - IPhone app which utilizes pitch constellations.", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " PDF of musical scales", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "Pitch_space", "Post-tonal_music_theory" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "The net domestic product (NDP) equals the gross domestic product (GDP) minus depreciation on a country's capital goods.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 12594, 291268, 181293 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 43, 65 ], [ 78, 90 ], [ 106, 113 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Net domestic product accounts for capital that has been consumed over the year in the form of housing, vehicle, or machinery deterioration. The depreciation accounted for is often referred to as \"capital consumption allowance\" and represents the amount of capital that would be needed to replace those depreciated assets. The portion of investment spending that is used to replace worn out and obsolete equipment — depreciation — while essential for maintaining the level of output, does not increase the economy’s capacities in any way. If GDP were to grow simply as a result of the fact that more money was being spent to maintain the capital stock because of increased depreciation, it would not mean that anyone had been made better off. Because of this some economists view NDP as a better measure of social and economic well being than GDP. ", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 1447420, 63121 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 196, 225 ], [ 337, 347 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "If the country is not able to replace the capital stock lost through depreciation, then GDP will fall. In addition, a growing gap between GDP and NDP indicates increasing obsolescence of capital goods, while a narrowing gap means that the condition of capital stock in the country is improving. It reduces the value of capital that is why it is separated from GDP to get NDP.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 19372783 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 260, 265 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Net national product", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 1435816 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 21 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Gross Domestic Product", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 12594 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 22 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "National Income Accounting ", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 49808 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 26 ] ] } ]

[ "Gross_domestic_product" ]

[ "NDP" ]

[ { "plaintext": "Gold Standard Laboratories or GSL was an independent record label which was founded in 1993 in Boulder, Colorado by Sonny Kay. In 2000, it was relocated to San Diego, California, United States, and two years later, to Los Angeles. It was headquartered in L.A. until closing its doors on October 29, 2007.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 47863329, 160804, 5399, 3795068, 160812, 28504, 5407, 18110 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 41, 65 ], [ 87, 91 ], [ 104, 112 ], [ 116, 125 ], [ 130, 134 ], [ 156, 165 ], [ 167, 177 ], [ 218, 229 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Beginning in 2001, GSL was co-owned by The Mars Volta's Omar Rodríguez-López.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 543312, 719096 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 39, 53 ], [ 56, 76 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Bands appearing on GSL:", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " !!!", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [ 600744 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 4 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " 400 Blows", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [ 28600598 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 10 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " '57 Lesbian", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " A Luna Red", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " An Albatross", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [ 3474274 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 13 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Anavan", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Arab On Radar", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [ 3420067 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 14 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Armatron", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Attractive and Popular", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Beautiful Skin", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [ 3117205 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 15 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Big Sir", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [ 8597991 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 8 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Bunny Genghis", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Chromatics", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [ 2221816 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 11 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Crime in Choir", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [ 2051231 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 15 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Coaxial", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " The Convocation Of...", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [ 20788760 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 22 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Cut City", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Dead and Gone", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " De Facto", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [ 1922655 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 9 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Die Princess Die", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Demonstrations", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Fatal Flyin' Guillotines", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " The Faint", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [ 168318 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 10 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Favourite Sons", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [ 9451909 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 15 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Free Moral Agents", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [ 9493320 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 18 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Get Hustle", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " GoGoGo Airheart", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [ 4542167 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 16 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Heart of Snow", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " The Holy Kiss", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " I Am Spoonbender", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [ 10504442 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 17 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Indian Jewelry", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Jaga Jazzist", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [ 1414219 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 13 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " The Jai-Alai Savant", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " JR Ewing", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [ 7350539 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 9 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Juhl", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Kill Me Tomorrow", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [ 26287505 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 17 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Le Shok", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [ 30081603 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 8 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " The Locust", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [ 586680 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 11 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Lost Kids", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Malcriada", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " The Mars Volta", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [ 543312 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 15 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Meanface", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Melt-Banana", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [ 686054 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 12 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Mohinder", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [ 12568896 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 9 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Neon King Kong", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Omar A. Rodríguez-López", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [ 719096 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 24 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Omega Cinco", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Out Hud", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [ 2064029 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 8 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " The Pattern", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [ 12409560 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 12 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " The Phantom Limbs", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [ 3367402 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 18 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Physics", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Pleasure Forever", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " The Rapture", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [ 707483 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 12 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Red Eyed Legends", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Rhythm of Black Lines", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [ 35518145 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 22 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " SABERTOOTH . TIGER", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Semiautomatic", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Soiled Doves", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [ 10281614 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 13 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " The Starlite Desperation", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [ 26181679 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 25 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " The Starvations", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " The Stitches", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Subpoena the Past", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Subtitle", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [ 2588148 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 9 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Sunshine", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Tender Buttons", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Triclops!", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [ 34538611 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 10 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " The Vanishing", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Vaz", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Veronica Lipgloss & The Evil Eyes", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " The VSS", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [ 20794960 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 8 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Vue", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [ 10465410 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 4 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " With Love", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Woodpussy", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " XBXRX", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [ 2066929 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 6 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Xiu Xiu", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [ 612081 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 8 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Year Future", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Artists", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "American_independent_record_labels", "Record_labels_established_in_1993", "Record_labels_disestablished_in_2007", "Alternative_rock_record_labels", "Defunct_companies_based_in_Greater_Los_Angeles", "1993_establishments_in_Colorado", "2007_disestablishments_in_California" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "Mark Shostrom (born May 13, 1956) is a special makeup effects artist for the film industry. ", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Shostrom grew up in Hong Kong during the 1970s. He became interested in makeup after seeing The Bride of Frankenstein (1935). Shostrom was encouraged to pursue makeup as a 13-year-old boy after befriending Evelyn Karloff, widow of Boris Karloff, the actor who portrayed the original Frankenstein's monster.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Background", "target_page_ids": [ 73375, 67260, 455401 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 93, 118 ], [ 232, 245 ], [ 284, 306 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "He is the winner of three Emmy Awards (out of four nominations) and has been nominated for four Saturn Awards by the Academy of Science Fiction, Fantasy and Horror Films. Shostrom designed and created special makeup effects for numerous cult horror films of the 1980s and 1990s, in particular the film series and sequels of A Nightmare on Elm Street, Phantasm and Evil Dead II. He also contributed special makeup effects to music videos for \"Pet Sematary\" The Ramones and Nine Inch Nails.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Background", "target_page_ids": [ 151921, 46944375, 13451, 3028191, 1802400, 10487, 32216781, 71966 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 26, 37 ], [ 96, 108 ], [ 242, 254 ], [ 324, 349 ], [ 351, 359 ], [ 364, 376 ], [ 457, 468 ], [ 473, 488 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Mark Shostrom's Official Site", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Exclusive Interview at Deadites Online", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Interview at Book of the Dead Online", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "1956_births", "American_make-up_artists", "Emmy_Award_winners", "Living_people", "Special_effects_people" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "The Jewish National Front (, Hazit Yehudit LeUmit), commonly known in Israel by its Hebrew acronym, Hayil (Hebrew: ), was a religious far-right political party in Israel.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 221220, 240166, 9282173 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 134, 143 ], [ 144, 159 ], [ 163, 169 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The party was founded in January 2004 by Baruch Marzel. The party ran in the 2006 elections to the Knesset on a joint list with Professor Paul Eidelberg's Yamin Yisrael party, but received less than the 2% minimum number of votes required to pass the threshold to receive representation.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 700816, 3140793, 4464953, 4494279 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 41, 54 ], [ 77, 106 ], [ 138, 152 ], [ 155, 168 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Baruch Marzel was a senior activist for Kach, the most right-wing stream of religious nationalism in Israel, though Marzel was number two on Kleiner's Herut list for the 2003 Knesset elections.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 700816, 40417452, 3201939 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 13 ], [ 40, 44 ], [ 170, 192 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In 2008, prior to the elections for the 18th Knesset, the party merged with Eretz Yisrael Shelanu, which, in turn, joined with the larger National Union party. Jewish National Front representative Michael Ben-Ari was given the fourth spot on the list, and subsequently won a seat in the 18th Knesset in 2009. This marks the first time the Jewish National Front enjoyed Knesset representation.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 21492263, 317406, 21492322, 74656 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 76, 97 ], [ 138, 152 ], [ 197, 212 ], [ 369, 376 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The party calls for a change in the country's electoral system so that Knesset members represent constituencies, rather than being elected on a party list system, as well as switching to a presidential system of government.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Position", "target_page_ids": [ 74656 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 71, 78 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "It also supports preserving Israel as a Jewish state by increasing Jewish immigration, limiting immigration of people who are not Jews according to Halakha, and strengthening Jewish education in public schools, and is against territorial compromise, citing the stance of Rabbi Chaim Zimmerman, who wrote a halakhic discourse entitled \"The Prohibition of Abandoning Land in Eretz Yisrael\".", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Position", "target_page_ids": [ 25955086, 351513, 13873, 3998287 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 40, 43 ], [ 67, 85 ], [ 148, 155 ], [ 277, 292 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Neo-Zionism", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 11171113 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 12 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Official website", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "Far-right_politics_in_Israel", "Defunct_political_parties_in_Israel", "Political_parties_established_in_2004", "2004_establishments_in_Israel", "Orthodox_Jewish_political_parties", "Far-right_political_parties_in_Israel", "Religious_Zionist_political_parties_in_Israel", "Political_parties_disestablished_in_2012", "2012_disestablishments_in_Israel" ]

[ "National Jewish Front Party", "Hazit" ]

[ { "plaintext": "Iwaki Station may refer to:", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Iwaki Station (Fukushima)", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 8466112 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 26 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Iwaki Station (Nara)", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 13869982 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 21 ] ] } ]

[]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "Infoshops are places in which people can access anarchist or autonomist ideas. They are often stand-alone projects, or can form part of a larger radical bookshop, archive, self-managed social centre or community centre. Typically, infoshops offer flyers, posters, zines, pamphlets and books for sale or donation. Other items such as badges, locally produced artworks and T-shirts are also often available. Infoshops can also provide printing and copying facilities for people to produce their own literature or have a meeting space.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 12, 4685264, 59220672, 54355513, 2689823, 61283 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 48, 57 ], [ 61, 71 ], [ 163, 170 ], [ 172, 198 ], [ 202, 218 ], [ 264, 269 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Infoshops can be found in many cities in North America and Western Europe, and also in other locations around the world such as Australia, Israel and New Zealand. They are self-managed spaces run by volunteers which vary in size and function, depending on local context.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "An infoshop (the word being a portmanteau of information and shop) is a physical space where people can access radical ideas through flyers, posters, zines, pamphlets and books. It also provides a space to meet other people and in some cases to organise events such as meetings or fundraisers. Some infoshops have computers, copy machines and printers so that pamphlets, position papers, articles, magazines, and newspapers can be created and then circulated between the network of spaces.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Radical spaces", "target_page_ids": [ 16823212, 61283 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 30, 41 ], [ 150, 155 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Academic Chris Atton describes the infoshop as a \"forum for alternative cultural, economic, political and social activities.\" For example, in a flyer announcing its planned activities, the Autonomous Centre of Edinburgh (ACE) stated it would make available locally produced arts and crafts, records, T-shirts, badges, books, zines and information. When it opened the following year, ACE provided flyers, leaflets, newsletters, magazines and journals about causes such as antivivisectionism, anti-monarchism, hunt sabotage and jobseeker's allowance advice.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Radical spaces", "target_page_ids": [ 29774613, 52597821, 7116046, 21418420, 2705944, 771790 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 9, 20 ], [ 189, 219 ], [ 471, 489 ], [ 491, 506 ], [ 508, 521 ], [ 526, 547 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Like social centres, infoshops vary in size and function depending on local context. Many contemporary anarchists first come into contact with radical politics through an infoshop.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Radical spaces", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Infoshops tend to be run on a voluntary basis by a non-hierarchical collective. The spaces are non-profit and self-managed.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Radical spaces", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "In the United Kingdom, early antecedents of infoshops were the radical presses such as Giles Calvert's printshop (1600s) and John Doherty's coffee house (1830s). More recently, infoshops were associated with squatted anarchist social centres such as the 121 Centre in Brixton, London and the Free Information Network (FIN).", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Antecedents", "target_page_ids": [ 33290834, 16777779, 58755622 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 87, 100 ], [ 125, 137 ], [ 254, 264 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Writing in Maximumrocknroll in the 1990s, Chuck Munson placed North American infoshops in the lineage of peace and justice community centres and acknowledged the influence of European social centres. Munson also stated there were over 60 infoshops (infoladen) in Germany which were connected to the anarchist, autonomist, squatting and punk movements.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Antecedents", "target_page_ids": [ 474888, 2689823, 12, 4685264, 28685, 24589 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 11, 27 ], [ 123, 140 ], [ 299, 308 ], [ 310, 320 ], [ 322, 331 ], [ 336, 340 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Self-managed social centres in Italy, such as Forte Prenestino in Rome, often contain infoshops.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Around the world", "target_page_ids": [ 17313740, 60406312 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 36 ], [ 46, 62 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Social centres in the United Kingdom often contain infoshops, such as for example the Cowley Club in Brighton and the 1 in 12 Club in Bradford. There is also the 56a Infoshop in London. In the mid 2000s, as well as these spaces, there were infoshops in Leeds, Manchester, Norwich and Nottingham.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Around the world", "target_page_ids": [ 6852388, 8590796, 16306301 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 36 ], [ 86, 97 ], [ 118, 130 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In the 1990s, there were the following infoshops in North America: 223 Center (Portland, Oregon); 404 Willis (Detroit); A-Space (Philadelphia); Arise! Bookstore & Resource Center (Minneapolis); Autonomous Zone (Chicago); Beehive Infoshop (Washington DC); Blackout Books (New York City); Crescent Wrench Infoshop (New Orleans); Croatan (Baltimore); Emma Center (Minneapolis); Epicenter (San Francisco); Long Haul (Berkeley); Lucy Parsons Center (Cambridge); Mayday Books (Minneapolis); Who's Emma (Toronto); Wooden Shoe Books (Philadelphia).", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Around the world", "target_page_ids": [ 30864532, 18629012, 71577758 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 425, 444 ], [ 458, 470 ], [ 508, 525 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Elsewhere in the world, projects include Jura Books in Australia, Salon Mazal in Israel and Freedom Shop in New Zealand.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Around the world", "target_page_ids": [ 10944827, 17869413, 2516732 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 41, 51 ], [ 66, 77 ], [ 92, 104 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Related projects include anarchist archives, bunkos in Japan and community libraries.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Around the world", "target_page_ids": [ 59220672 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 25, 43 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Arts centre", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 2601548 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 11 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Anarchist bookfair", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 65364438 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 18 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Cultural centre", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 6065329 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 15 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "CrimethInc.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 348425 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 11 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Infoshops, notable infoshops", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Zine library", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 61283 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 12 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Slingshot contact list (updated 2019).", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Radar directory of infoshops (updated 2019).", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Directory of infoshops (last updated 1997).", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Infoshops in North America (last updated 2015).", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Infoshops by region (archived 2015).", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Living Room Documentary – A documentary film about infoshop culture (2006).", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " The A-Zone & A Decade Of Anarchy In Chicago – A zine about the Autonomous Zone in Chicago (re-released 2015).", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "Anarchist_movements", "DIY_culture", "Infoshops", "Squatting" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "An armband is a piece of material worn around the arm. They may be worn for pure ornamentation, or to mark the wearer as belonging to group, or as insignia having a certain rank, status, office or role, or being in a particular state or condition. Sprung armbands, known as sleeve garters, have been used by men to keep overlong sleeves from dropping over the hands and thereby interfering with their use. Armbands may also refer to inflatable armbands used to assist flotation for swimmers or for use with sphygmomanometers, in which case they are generally referred to as cuffs.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 382507, 170191, 8640736, 3150671 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 187, 193 ], [ 197, 201 ], [ 274, 287 ], [ 433, 452 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Bronze Age armbands have been found made from bronze (sometimes gilded) and jet. Some were constructed so that it would have been impossible to remove them.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Variation", "target_page_ids": [ 4620, 4169, 564830 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 10 ], [ 46, 52 ], [ 76, 79 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "When used as part of a military uniform it is called a brassard. Uniforms serving other purposes such as to identify members of clubs, societies or teams may also have armbands for certain ranks or functions. An armband might identify a group leader, a team captain, or a person charged with controlling or organizing an event. ", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Variation", "target_page_ids": [ 92357, 38237, 1247334, 44332, 37235, 140801, 130918, 1874452 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 23, 31 ], [ 32, 39 ], [ 55, 63 ], [ 128, 133 ], [ 135, 144 ], [ 148, 152 ], [ 243, 249 ], [ 253, 265 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Police departments in Asia use armbands for a \"traffic reflection armband\" or marking a type of unit.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Variation", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Journalists in Asia use an armband to mark themselves, similar to a press badge. ", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Variation", "target_page_ids": [ 7998588 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 68, 79 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Armbands are sometimes used to indicate political affiliations or to identify the wearer with an ideology or social movement.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Variation", "target_page_ids": [ 23996, 75469, 234984 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 40, 61 ], [ 97, 105 ], [ 109, 124 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Large corporations sponsor athletes and teams in an effort to get advertising when the athletes exhibit the corporate logo visibly. Armbands, headbands, handbands and wristbands are common forms of such advertising.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Variation", "target_page_ids": [ 2861, 52888, 2624624, 1446987, 1447100 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 66, 77 ], [ 118, 122 ], [ 143, 151 ], [ 154, 162 ], [ 168, 177 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The phrase to wear your heart on your sleeve, meaning to show your feelings, to display an emotional affiliation or conviction, is supposedly related to armbands. In medieval jousts, ladies of the court were said to tie a piece of cloth — a scarf or kerchief — around the arm of their favorite knight, who thus displayed his affection for the lady.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Variation", "target_page_ids": [ 1865451, 221562, 493247, 56093, 16897 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 38, 44 ], [ 175, 181 ], [ 241, 246 ], [ 250, 258 ], [ 294, 300 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Armbands are often used to hold a smartphone or a portable music player on a wearer's arm while doing activities such as lifting weights, running, etc. A hybrid type of armband and handband combination is now also widely used by runners.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Variation", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "In some cultures, a black armband signifies that the wearer is in mourning or wishes to identify with the commemoration of a family member, friend, comrade or team member who has died. This use is particularly common in the first meeting following the loss of a member. President Franklin D. Roosevelt wore a black armband mourning the recent death of his mother at the time he signed the declaration of war against Japan in December 1941. In association football, it is common for a team to wear black armbands in their next match after the death of a former player or manager. This may also be accompanied by a moment of silence at the start of the match.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Mourning", "target_page_ids": [ 188399, 10979, 10568, 244074 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 66, 74 ], [ 280, 301 ], [ 443, 463 ], [ 614, 631 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The phrase \"black armband view of history\" was introduced to the Australian political lexicon by conservative historian Geoffrey Blainey in 1993 to describe views of history which, he believed, posited that \"much of Australian history had been a disgrace\" and which focused mainly on the treatment of minority groups, especially Aborigines. The term was used by Prime Minister John Howard, whose perspective on Australian history strongly contrasted with what he called the black armband view.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Mourning", "target_page_ids": [ 2612879, 1653654, 2912594, 4689709 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 12, 41 ], [ 120, 136 ], [ 329, 339 ], [ 377, 388 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Arm ring", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 3551325 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 9 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Bracelet", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 253541 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 9 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Brassard, or armlet, a piece of military uniform", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 1247334 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 20 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Inflatable armbands, flotation devices", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 3150671 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 20 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Pra Jiad", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 4960713 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 9 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Sleeve garter", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 8640736 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 14 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Tefillin", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 148686 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 9 ] ] } ]

[ "Fashion_accessories", "Clothing_in_politics", "Armwear", "Armbands", "Insignia" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "Sky Angel was a U.S. operator of Christian television networks; it operated three channels, Angel One, Angel Two, and KTV, all of which were exclusive to Dish Network. The company's corporate headquarters were located in Naples, Florida. The company also operated a Chattanooga, Tennessee location where programming, engineering and network operations resided.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 15362812, 5873545, 77784, 109132, 102797 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 33, 53 ], [ 118, 121 ], [ 154, 166 ], [ 221, 236 ], [ 266, 288 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The company previously operated as a Christian-oriented television provider carrying religious and family-oriented programming, first as a satellite television service, and later as an over-the-top internet television provider. The shift to an IPTV platform was later accompanied by the spin-off of the provider's secular offerings into a second service known as FAVE TV. ", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 39578316, 7527410, 28698611, 989858 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 56, 75 ], [ 139, 159 ], [ 185, 197 ], [ 198, 217 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On January 14, 2014, Sky Angel ceased its IPTV business, citing that because it did not fall under the traditional legal definition of a multichannel video programming distributor, it was unable to employ legal remedies for its allegations that broadcasters were discriminating against its business model by preventing carriage of their channels.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 13540700 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 137, 179 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Sky Angel was formed in 1980 by Robert Johnson Sr., who aimed to create a faith-based television service that would be free of the objectionable content he had found on television. Johnson obtained an allocation of 8 direct-broadcast satellite frequencies for the service, and reached a deal with Dish Network to use space on its EchoStar III satellite.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 7527410, 77784, 22135841 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 217, 243 ], [ 297, 309 ], [ 330, 342 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Sky Angel satellite service launched in 1996. The channel lineup would consist primarily of religious networks, along with other secular television networks which the service considered to be family-oriented. The service featured 36 channels in its lineup as of November 2002, consisting of 20 television channels and 16 radio channels. Sky Angel reached around 115,000 subscribers, mostly within the Central United States.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 1372266, 2031425 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 92, 110 ], [ 401, 422 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On April 1, 2008, Sky Angel discontinued its satellite service operations, as it declined to invest around $400 million to replace the aging EchoStar III satellite, and it sold its DBS frequencies to EchoStar. Customers were encouraged to sign up to Sky Angel IPTV. The company was criticized for refusing to provide lifelong satellite subscribers with lifelong IPTV service.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "On January 22, 2007, Sky Angel partnered with ShifTV to launch Sky Angel IPTV service in Canada. By October 2007, this partnership has dissolved due to ShifTV being restructured to launch an adult pornography service. On July 10, 2007, Sky Angel launched a separate IPTV service in the United States. This involved a partnership with NeuLion to develop a new over-the-top IPTV-based platform, which offered increased channel capacity and network DVR support. Sky Angel has also contemplated offering internet and mobile television services, but declined to do so. ", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 23680578, 28698611, 1077225, 8384990, 989858, 5328527 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 334, 341 ], [ 359, 371 ], [ 372, 376 ], [ 438, 449 ], [ 500, 508 ], [ 513, 530 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In September 2012, Sky Angel launched its \"Sky Angel 2.0\" platform, offering services featuring religious channels delivered via set-top boxes, and \"Faith Everywhere\", which added web streaming of its lineup through an iPad app. Sky Angel also introduced a new spin-off service known as FAVE TV (\"Family and Values Entertainment\")a secular service which aimed to carry \"mainstream\" and \"family-friendly\" television channels. In June 2013, the Faith Everywhere service became available through an app for Roku digital media players.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 25970423, 42125403, 9258009 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 219, 223 ], [ 504, 508 ], [ 509, 529 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On January 14, 2014, Sky Angel suspended its television services; in an FCC complaint, the company detailed that it had been unable to offer a competitive service to its subscribers because content providers (including in particular, Carriage disputes) had refused to allow the provider to \"acquire programming in a fair and nondiscriminatory way\".", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Sky Angel offered satellite service with monthly, yearly or lifelong plans. The service featured 36 channels, including 20 television channels and 16 radio channels. This service was discontinued on April 1, 2008.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Products and services", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "From that time until January 2019, Dish Network offered a DishFAMILY package (later renamed Smart Pack) with over 50 family-friendly TV channels, including Sky Angel's three in-house channels: Angel One, Angel Two (which broadcast the Hunt Channel during specified times) and Kids & Teens TV. Several third-party channels from the Sky Angel package, such as the Trinity Broadcasting Network, are also included in these Dish packages.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Products and services", "target_page_ids": [ 5873545, 348486 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 276, 291 ], [ 362, 390 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Sky Angel IPTV was available from 2007 to 2013. The service launched in 2007 as a Christian television provider for Canada. In 2008, the IPTV service replaced the Sky Angel satellite service in the United States. The IPTV service offered over 72 channels, including over 50 television channels and over 20 radio channels. By 2010, the lineup featured over 80 channels. Channels were split into various packages:", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Products and services", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " The Faith Package: includes over 30 television channels from faith-based broadcasters (Protestant and Catholic broadcasters, plus video on demand) and all radio channels.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Products and services", "target_page_ids": [ 606848 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 103, 111 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " The Family Package: includes over 20 television channels from secular networks: CBS Sports Network, Discovery Channel, NFL Network and more.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Products and services", "target_page_ids": [ 3528411, 77807, 794716 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 81, 99 ], [ 101, 118 ], [ 120, 131 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " The Family Values Package: includes both the Faith Package and the Family Package.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Products and services", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " The WebTV Package: includes several television and radio stations. This package is available internationally.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Products and services", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " BabyFirst: available à la carte for United States subscribers.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Products and services", "target_page_ids": [ 17300653, 19457080 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 10 ], [ 22, 32 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Sky Angel's switch to an over-the-top IPTV service led to several major carriage disputes, which led to concerns over the definition of Sky Angel's service under the regulations of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC).", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Carriage disputes", "target_page_ids": [ 55974 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 185, 218 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In 2009, C-SPAN was pulled from Sky Angel after being on its IPTV service for 2 days. In November 2012, Sky Angel filed an antitrust lawsuit against the network claiming that its owners (a consortium of major television providers) pulled its programming from Sky Angel to put the service at a disadvantage against its conventional rivals. The court dismissed the case without prejudice, believing that Sky Angel's case did not have enough evidence to justify its claims that C-SPAN's owners were trying to enforce a monopoly position. C-SPAN denied Sky Angel's arguments, and claimed the removal was for contractual reasons relating to IPTV. Sky Angel, in its filing with the court, showed that CSPAN was already streaming its channels over the web to the public free of charge. In June 2013, the company subsequently filed a second antitrust suit. The claims were rejected, with the court arguing once again that Sky Angel had produced no actual evidence of collusion among the C-SPAN consortium.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Carriage disputes", "target_page_ids": [ 77799, 92025, 162557 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 9, 15 ], [ 123, 132 ], [ 959, 968 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In April 2010, Discovery Communications announced that it would pull its channels from Sky Angel in response to unspecified concerns surrounding how its programming was delivered. In response, Sky Angel filed a program access complaint with the Federal Communications Commission, alleging that Discovery was discriminating against the service by allowing other major cable providers to offer access to its programming over the internet (either through a TV Everywhere service, or through Dish Network's Slingbox-based set-top boxes). The FCC denied Sky Angel's request for a standstill on the case, but the FCC Media Bureau began to dispute whether Sky Angel qualified as a \"multichannel video programming distributor\" (MVPD) under the regulations because it does not have a physical \"transmission path\" in its infrastructure. The Commission, along with allies such as Google, acknowledged that making any ruling on whether an over-the-top service qualifies as an MVPD may have a major effect on the Internet video industry as a whole. Google later launched its own over-the-top internet television service, YouTube TV, on February 28, 2017.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Carriage disputes", "target_page_ids": [ 692213, 25442622, 55974, 27108790, 77784, 3175947, 13540700, 1092923, 6048839, 28698611, 989858, 19623147 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 15, 39 ], [ 211, 225 ], [ 245, 278 ], [ 454, 467 ], [ 488, 500 ], [ 503, 511 ], [ 675, 717 ], [ 869, 875 ], [ 1000, 1014 ], [ 1066, 1078 ], [ 1079, 1098 ], [ 1108, 1118 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Glorystar - free-to-air Christian satellite service provider", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 4588952, 776556 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 10 ], [ 13, 24 ] ] } ]

[ "Religious_television", "Christian_mass_media_companies", "Streaming_television", "American_companies_established_in_1980", "American_companies_disestablished_in_2019", "Telecommunications_companies_established_in_1980", "Mass_media_companies_established_in_1980", "Mass_media_companies_disestablished_in_2019" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "Critters was an anthropomorphic animal anthology comic book published by Fantagraphics Books from 1985 to 1990 under the editorship of Kim Thompson.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 19009060, 316889, 6231, 245840, 24562655 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 16, 38 ], [ 39, 48 ], [ 49, 59 ], [ 73, 92 ], [ 135, 147 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Prior to Furrlough and Genus, this was the longest running talking-animal anthology comic book series. The title lasted for 50 issues. Furthermore, it served as the flagship title of Fantagraphics' line of talking animal series in the 1980s. Alan Moore released a single \"March of the Sinister Ducks\" as a flexi disc in the comic's 23rd issue.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 1100585, 1100574, 18932702 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 9, 18 ], [ 23, 28 ], [ 242, 252 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The 11 issues prior to issue 50 were switched to revolving features of issue-long stories, rather than the anthology format. The final issue returned to the standard format, with the 11 submissions to the issue published in the form of an anthology. ", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Declining sales led to this title's cancellation in 1990.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The series included in the book were:", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Series", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " \"Birthright\" by Steve Gallacci– dystopian science fiction story set a few generations after his \" EDF\" series in Albedo Anthropomorphics.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Series", "target_page_ids": [ 905586, 905586 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 17, 31 ], [ 114, 137 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " \"Fission Chicken\" by J.P. Morgan– the adventures of an ill-tempered chicken superhero.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Series", "target_page_ids": [ 1750017, 37402, 43076 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 2, 17 ], [ 69, 76 ], [ 77, 86 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " \"Gnuff\" by Freddy Milton– a translation of Danish comics about a family of dragons written and drawn much in the style of Carl Barks.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Series", "target_page_ids": [ 2493190, 10434881, 76972, 8531, 7345 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 2, 7 ], [ 12, 25 ], [ 44, 50 ], [ 76, 82 ], [ 123, 133 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " \"Usagi Yojimbo\" by Stan Sakai– the adventures of the rabbit ronin before the strip got its own book.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Series", "target_page_ids": [ 183182, 238157, 26573, 163427 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 2, 15 ], [ 20, 30 ], [ 54, 60 ], [ 61, 66 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " \"Lionheart\" by Tom Stazer– in which the title character (a journalist cat) relates the bizarre stories he investigates.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Series", "target_page_ids": [ 6678 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 71, 74 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " \"Duck 'Bill' Platypus\" by Kyle Rothweiler– an antic, knockabout humor strip about the eponymous character and his strange friends, set allegedly in Tasmania.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Series", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " \"Lizards\" by J. Holland (story) and Ron Wilber (art)– this series depicted the day-to-day life of Dweezil, a teenage anthropomorphic lizard, his family and friends, set on an alternate (future?) world.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Series", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " \"Creepy Crawlies\" by Mathson Manger– this series goes through the life of five different creepy crawlies and all the troubles they go through.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Series", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "Comics_anthologies", "Fantagraphics_titles" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "Fort Greely is a United States Army launch site for anti-ballistic missiles located about southeast of Fairbanks, Alaska. It is also the home of the Cold Regions Test Center (CRTC), as Fort Greely is one of the coldest areas in Alaska, and can accommodate cold, extreme-cold, and temperate-weather tests depending on the season. It is named in honor of Major General Adolphus Greely.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 32087, 179174, 1791, 105445, 624, 2350159 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 17, 35 ], [ 36, 47 ], [ 52, 74 ], [ 104, 113 ], [ 115, 121 ], [ 368, 383 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "There was an earlier Fort Greely on Kodiak Island.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 615988 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 36, 49 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The camp was established in 1942 as Big Delta Army Air Field. During World War II, the Alaska Highway was built to connect a road in Dawson Creek, British Columbia, Canada with the Richardson Highway in Alaska, a distance of 1,423 miles (2290km). The Alaska Highway met the Richardson Highway at Delta Junction, five miles (8km) north on the Richardson Highway from what is now Fort Greely. The United States used the base to help the Soviet Union fight Germany and Japan by sending airplanes and supplies authorized by the Lend-lease act through Alaska and into the Soviet Far East. The name was later changed to Allen Army Airfield. After World War II, Fort Greely was built south of the airfield.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 32927, 240433, 682586, 3392, 888373, 105635, 26779, 11867, 15573, 55832, 13842344 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 69, 81 ], [ 87, 101 ], [ 133, 145 ], [ 147, 163 ], [ 181, 199 ], [ 296, 310 ], [ 435, 447 ], [ 454, 461 ], [ 466, 471 ], [ 524, 534 ], [ 614, 633 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "After World War II, the War Department decided that an American soldier must be able to live and operate in any degree of cold. This decision was based on experience gained in combat and predictions of future possibilities for international obligations. A group of task forces was therefore organized to test U.S. Army equipment in the cold. Task Force Frigid and Task Force Williwaw were dispatched to Alaska during the winters of 1946 and 1947. A related trial unit, Task Force Frost, incorporated elements of the 66th Armored Regiment and underwent tests in Camp McCoy, Wisconsin at roughly the same time.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 4402848, 1367401, 33127 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 516, 537 ], [ 561, 571 ], [ 573, 582 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The information and data collected by task force personnel was a beginning, but it took time for men to be transported, to set up quarters for a short period of actual testing, and then pack up and leave until the next year. The expense of moving in and out was taken into consideration when the final reports were filed. When questions arose concerning the reports, there was no one available to answer them, for the task forces had been disbanded, and the personnel returned to their home units. The major shortcomings of these task forces included having insufficient time to establish units on test sites, the lack of acclimatization period for both personnel and equipment and a lack of continuity. Based on these results, it was recommended that a permanent test organization be established, with test groups representing each of the \"Army Field Force Boards\" located in the \"Zone of the Interior.\"", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 2728998 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 883, 903 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In 1949, the Department of the Army ordered the organization of the Arctic Test Branch at Big Delta Air Force Base, Alaska (now known as Fort Greely). A cadre for the organization was activated at Fort Knox, Kentucky, in March 1949, by the transfer of personnel from each of the \"Army Field Force Boards.\" The organization moved to Alaska in July 1949 and test operations were initiated. Shortly thereafter, the organization name was changed to the Arctic Training Center. In 1957, it was renamed the U.S. Army Arctic Test Board, with the mission of conducting Arctic service tests of all Army field equipment.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "From 1955, Fort Greely and a huge tract of land around it (withdrawn from the Department of the Interior) were used for training soldiers for cold-weather combat during the Cold War with the former Soviet Union.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 70904, 325329, 26779 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 78, 104 ], [ 173, 181 ], [ 198, 210 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In the early 1960s, the Army built a nuclear electrical power plant, SM-1A, at Fort Greely as part of the Army Nuclear Power Program, which built similar operational plants in Antarctica, Greenland, the Panama Canal Zone, Virginia, and Wyoming. The initial operators at Fort Greely were military NCOs, but civilians were later hired. The plant operated until 1972.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 994627 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 106, 132 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In August 1962, as a result of the reorganization of the Army, the Arctic Test Board was established as a Class II activity and placed under the command of the U.S. Army Test and Evaluation Command (TECOM). The Board was later renamed the Arctic Test Center and expanded to absorb the Research and Development Office, Alaska, the Technical Services Test Activity, and the General Equipment Test Branch, all located at Fort Wainwright, Alaska, and the Chemical Corps Test Activity at Fort Greely. In 1976, the U.S. Army Arctic Test Center was renamed the U.S. Army Cold Regions Test Center.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 1218792 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 418, 441 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In 1991, when the Cold War ended with the collapse of the Soviet Union, the number of soldiers at Fort Greely was reduced.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "In 1995, operations at Fort Greely were slated for further reductions to save money. Only the Cold Regions Test Center (CRTC) and Public Works functions were to remain on the installation. Large portions of the post were to be closed and, at one point, the main post was to be turned over to the city of Delta Junction for use as a private prison. Ultimately, plans for the prison fell through. In 2001, headquarters for the Northern Warfare Training Center and Cold Regions Test Center were moved to nearby Fort Wainwright. Various training ranges were also transferred to Fort Wainwright and renamed Donnelly Training Area. Although its command moved, CRTC continued to operate from Fort Greely. The Northern Warfare Training Center also continued operations at Black Rapids Training Facility.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "After the United States announced that it would withdraw from the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty, Fort Greely was selected as a site for the Ground-Based Midcourse Defense system. Starting in the summer of 2002, the United States government began work on the missile defense installation at Fort Greely, planning to deploy a total of 25 to 30 anti-ballistic missiles by 2010. Concurrently, the Missile Defense Command took command of Fort Greely, relinquishing direct Army control, while the Army retained control of the nearby Donnelly Training Area.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 2975, 789078, 1077443 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 66, 95 ], [ 140, 170 ], [ 393, 416 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In 2005, the CRTC headquarters was moved from Fort Wainwright back to Fort Greely. Though testing efforts remain centered at the Bolio Lake Range Complex – now part of Fort Wainwright – numerous support functions remain on Fort Greely's Main Post.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "In December 2014, Congress approved $50 million to increase the number of interceptor missiles at Fort Greely from 26 to 40 as part of a missile-defense expansion announced in 2013.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "With the continued development of an intercontinental ballistic missile program by North Korea, Fort Greely may be slated for an expansion. Fort Greely is currently one of the two U.S. sites housing anti-ballistic missile interceptor missiles, and it is near the Great circle line from North Korea to the contiguous United States. Expansion of its capabilities may be required to protect Alaska and the West Coast of the United States from possible North Korean attacks.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 14939, 21255, 1791, 48082 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 37, 71 ], [ 83, 94 ], [ 199, 221 ], [ 263, 275 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Fort Greely, Alaska", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 105642 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 20 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Fort Greely Homepage (official site)", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Fort Greely History (official site)", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "Installations_of_the_United_States_Army_in_Alaska", "Forts_in_Alaska", "Buildings_and_structures_in_Southeast_Fairbanks_Census_Area,_Alaska" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "The Campeonato Paulista Série A1, commonly known as Campeonato Paulista, nicknamed Paulistão, is the top-flight professional football league in the Brazilian state of São Paulo. Run by the FPF, the league is contested between 16 clubs and typically lasts from January to April. Rivalries amongst four of the best-known Brazilian teams (Corinthians, Palmeiras, Santos and São Paulo) have marked the history of the competition. The Campeonato Paulista is the oldest established league in Brazil, being held since 1902 and professionally since 1933.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 10568, 229379, 229422, 12061751, 187241, 187243, 187246, 187274, 37986082 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 125, 133 ], [ 158, 163 ], [ 167, 176 ], [ 189, 192 ], [ 336, 347 ], [ 349, 358 ], [ 360, 366 ], [ 371, 380 ], [ 520, 534 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Campeonato Paulista is held annually by the Federação Paulista de Futebol (São Paulo State Football Federation), or FPF, amongst teams residing within the state of São Paulo. 20 clubs compete in the highest level of the championship (Série A1). In a new format starting in 2007, each team plays the others once in a round-robin format, followed by a four-team playoff with home-and-away series. In addition, teams that finish the regular season in places 5 through 8 (that do not reside within the city of São Paulo or Santos) will compete in a playoff for the title of \"Campeão do Interior\" (Upstate Champion). The four lowest placed teams are relegated to the lower competition (Série A2) for the following year.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Format", "target_page_ids": [ 12061751, 939742, 390875, 250376, 7643827 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 44, 73 ], [ 316, 327 ], [ 506, 515 ], [ 519, 525 ], [ 681, 689 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Série A2 is contested by 20 teams in three separate phases. In Phase One, the teams are split into two groups, playing each other twice in a home-and-home series. The bottom two from each group are relegated to Série A3; the top four advance to Phase Two. Phase two consists of the eight advancing teams organized into groups, repeating the home-and-home series within the group. The top two placed teams from each group are promoted to Série A1; each top team advances to Phase Three, a single championship game to determine the tournament winner.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Format", "target_page_ids": [ 7643827 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 8 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Série A3 consists of 20 teams competing in a three phase format similar to Série A2. Promotion and relegation rules are the same as in this higher level.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Format", "target_page_ids": [ 23816320 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 8 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The Second Division (Série B) matches are held by minor teams during the Brazilian league. The number of teams involved varies, with 45 participants in 2011. Top four teams are promoted to Série A3.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Format", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Charles Miller was responsible for the creation of the first São Paulo state tournament. Miller introduced the football association rules to Brazil upon his return from England, where he attended college and discovered the sport. On December 14, 1901, the Liga Paulista de Foot-Ball (Paulista Football League), or LPF was founded, comprising five initial teams: São Paulo Athletic Club, Internacional, Mackenzie, Germânia, and Paulistano. Between April and October 1902, those teams competed in the first edition of the tournament, with São Paulo AC winning the title and Miller himself as the leading goalscorer. Unlike in Argentina and Uruguay, football was restricted to elitist clubs in its early days in Brazil.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 1230969, 10568, 3846692, 25853979, 25829845, 21736919 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 14 ], [ 111, 119 ], [ 362, 385 ], [ 387, 400 ], [ 402, 411 ], [ 427, 437 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Football popularity grew in following years. Paulistano, a club composed of the children of the richest families of São Paulo, became the strongest team. However, the popularity base of the sport started to change after a brilliant exhibition tour by the Corinthians, a London amateur team, in São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. They easily defeated the best Brazilian teams of the time and made a very favorable impression amongst the younger fans. Shortly thereafter, a group of workers were inspired to found the city's first popular team, Sport Club Corinthians Paulista.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 1068155, 17867, 390875, 25936, 187241 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 251, 266 ], [ 270, 276 ], [ 294, 303 ], [ 308, 322 ], [ 538, 569 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Growth of football popularity amongst lower classes generated a rift in the LPF. Their directors had defended that football should remain an elitist sport. This difference in opinion led to creation of another competing league, the Associação Paulista de Esportes Atléticos (Paulista Association of Athletic Sports), APEA, which promoted the sport among all social classes. Corinthians and Palestra Itália (a new club founded by Italian immigrants), and Paulistano helped to comprise the new league.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 187243 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 390, 405 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The LPF ceased operation in 1917. Until 1926, the APEA remained the only league in São Paulo. Stronger teams, larger crowds and players such Neco (Corinthians) and Arthur Friedenreich (Paulistano) contributed to the footballmania that converted football from \"foreigner's fun\" to Brazil's most popular sport. Debates surrounded the issue of whether football should professionalize or remain a purely amateur endeavor. Paulistano, the most trophied team at the time, refused to become professional and departed in 1925 to create the Liga de Amadores de Futebol (League of Football Amateurs) [LAF]. Competition between the two leagues fueled expansion of the teams, as clubs from upstate began to join.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 5702054, 815913 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 141, 145 ], [ 164, 183 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "By 1930, the LAF and Paulistano had folded, and a new era for São Paulo football began. Players became professionals in 1933 when Bandeirante Football League was created. Corinthians and Palestra Itália assumed their positions as the most powerful and popular teams. A new club emerges to compete for the hearts of supporters. Some dissidents from Paulistano, favorable to professionalization, along with the directors of AA Palmeiras united to form São Paulo Futebol Clube, the third force of the city.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 187274 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 450, 473 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The APEA had ceased operations in 1938, and after several name changes, the original Bandeirante Football League officially became the Federação Paulista de Futebol (Paulista Football Federation), [FPF] on April 22, 1941. São Paulo signed Leonidas da Silva in the following year and won five of the next eight championships. Palestra Itália change its name to Palmeiras in 1943 due to a World War II period law that banned Axis Powers's references in sport. Football grows within the state and a second division is created in 1948, allowing upstate teams to take part in major league competition. XV de Novembro from Piracicaba was the first team promoted to the top flight.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 868349, 32927, 43507, 9219359, 514218 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 239, 256 ], [ 387, 399 ], [ 423, 436 ], [ 597, 611 ], [ 617, 627 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "São Paulo, Palmeiras and Corinthians dominated titles in early 1950s. Santos, although having competed consistently, would need to wait a few more years to gain top status. 1957 saw the debut of one of football's greatest players, Pelé. His goals helped Santos to win nine of the next twelve championships. Pelé was the league top scorer in every year between 1957 and 1965 including a record 58 goals in a single season. Santos won numerous competitions at the state, national, regional and international level. Palmeiras's \"Academia\" teams were the only ones able to break such dominance in the sixties.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 187246, 24953 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 70, 76 ], [ 231, 235 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Since the 1960s, Brazil began to develop more mature national competitions which competed with the state and regional tournaments for supporter's attention. In 1977, Corinthians' were able to win a title after a 24-year drought, and the early eighties saw the battle between Corinthians (led by Sócrates) and São Paulo's (Serginho Chulapa). The \"Corinthians Democracy\" won in 1982 and 1983 while introducing a new philosophy in club management, where players participate in all decisions with management. São Paulo became the most successful team of the decade, winning the championship in 1980, 1981, 1985, 1987 and 1989. The last years saw the emergence of players such as Müller and Silas (known as the \"Menudos do Morumbi\") on that team. Internacional from Limeira accomplished a great upset in 1986 by defeating Palmeiras to win the final.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 23939880, 5917005, 3143243, 161012, 433809 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 295, 303 ], [ 322, 338 ], [ 675, 681 ], [ 686, 691 ], [ 761, 768 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Bragantino vs. Novorizontino was the final in the 1990 championship in the Paulistão's biggest ever upset. Palmeiras' fans saw their club win the 1993, 1994 and 1996 championships with the greatest Brazilian squad of the decade. Rivaldo, Roberto Carlos, Edmundo, César Sampaio are among the members of the \"Green Machine\" which scored 100 goals in the 1996 tournament. Corinthians conquered the trophy five times in the 1995–2003 period, thus becoming the most successful team in the first 100 years of the Campeonato Paulista, with 25 titles.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 60475814, 6105452, 258947, 454123, 26777416, 3289041 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 10 ], [ 15, 28 ], [ 229, 236 ], [ 238, 252 ], [ 254, 261 ], [ 263, 276 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Since 2000, Campeonato Paulista has lost popularity with each year. The main São Paulo state teams treat the tournament as tune-ups for the more lucrative Copa Libertadores and Brazilian National Championship. However, the Paulistão, as well as the other state tournaments in Brazil, still hold significance by providing developing talent and sustaining grass-roots soccer within the state.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 299730, 6070212 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 155, 172 ], [ 177, 208 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Due to the COVID-19 death toll has reached an unprecedented levels across the country, the government decided to subspened the championship from 15 March 2021 till 30 March 2021 aiming to stop the spread of the coronavirus. ", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "On September 23, 2021, the São Paulo Football Federation recognizes the São Paulo titles of 1933 and 1934, to Albion and Juventus respectively.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The following teams will compete in the Campeonato Paulista in the 2023 season.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Teams", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " LPF— Liga Paulista de Foot-Ball (Paulista Football League)", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Past tournaments", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " APEA— Associação Paulista de Esportes Atléticos (Paulista Association of Athletic Sports)", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Past tournaments", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " LAF— Liga Amadores de Futebol (Amateur Football League)", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Past tournaments", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " FPF(1933–2934) — Federação Paulista de Football (Paulista Football Federation), affiliate to the Federação Brasileira de Football (Brazilian Football Federation)", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Past tournaments", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " LFP— Liga de Futebol Paulista (Paulista Football League)", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Past tournaments", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " LFESP— Liga de Futebol do Estado de São Paulo (São Paulo State Football League)", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Past tournaments", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " All editions starting in 1941 organized by the FPF— Federação Paulista de Futebol (Paulista Football Federation)", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Past tournaments", "target_page_ids": [ 12061751 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 53, 82 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In 2002, the FPF organized the Super Championship with the top 3 teams in the 2002 Rio-São Paulo Tournament (Corinthians, São Paulo and Palmeiras) and the 2002 Paulista Champions (Ituano). São Paulo won the Championship.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Past tournaments", "target_page_ids": [ 1898418 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 83, 107 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Semi-finals", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Past tournaments", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Held on May 19 and 22", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Past tournaments", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "|}", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Past tournaments", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Final matches", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Past tournaments", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "TopscorerBasílio (Ituano) – 4 goals", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Past tournaments", "target_page_ids": [ 26953012 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 9, 16 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Below is the list of clubs that have more than 40 appearances in the competition.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Past tournaments", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Includes 2002 Supercampeonato Paulista.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Past tournaments", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Portuguesa includes Mackenzie/Portuguesa participations (1920, 1921, 1922).", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Past tournaments", "target_page_ids": [ 25829845, 1742904 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 20, 29 ], [ 30, 40 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In 1927, Corinthians has disputed both LAF and APEA championships.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Past tournaments", "target_page_ids": [ 187241 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 9, 20 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Due to the World War II (and the fact of Brazil integrates the allied forces), during the year of 1942 Palestra Itália was changed the name to the currently SE Palmeiras. ", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Past tournaments", "target_page_ids": [ 32927, 455127, 2198844, 187243 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 11, 23 ], [ 41, 47 ], [ 63, 76 ], [ 157, 169 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "For the same motive as Palestra Itália, SC Germânia also was changed to the currently EC Pinheiros, but never has competed in a Campeonato Paulista edition with that name.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Past tournaments", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "After changed their affiliation from APEA to FPF in 1994, CA Juventus changed its name to CA Fiorentino. Previously the club was also named CA Cotonificio Rodolfo Crespi, name of the textile company that gave rise to the club. Upon returning to APEA, it was used the name CA Juventus again.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Past tournaments", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Hespanha/Espanha is the currently Jabaquara AC.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Past tournaments", "target_page_ids": [ 25233484 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 34, 46 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "São Paulo Railway (SPR) is the currently Nacional AC.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Past tournaments", "target_page_ids": [ 6032820 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 41, 52 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "After partnering with the energy drinks company Red Bull in 2020, CA Bragantino as changed the name to \"Red Bull Bragantino\" (or RB Bragantino) how did it happen with RB Leipzig and RB Salzburg.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Past tournaments", "target_page_ids": [ 61123, 60475814, 23283354, 2163477 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 48, 56 ], [ 104, 123 ], [ 167, 177 ], [ 182, 193 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The competition, held since 2007, is played in two-legged semifinals and final by the four best placed countryside São Paulo state clubs that did not reach the semifinal stage of the Campeonato Paulista in the season. Which in turn, is the 5th to 8th place of the first stage of Campeonato Paulista, except the teams from the city of São Paulo and also including Santos.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Campeonato Paulista do Interior", "target_page_ids": [ 390875, 187246 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 326, 343 ], [ 363, 369 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Campeonato Paulista Série A2", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 7643827 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 29 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Campeonato Paulista Série A3", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 23816320 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 29 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Campeonato Paulista Segunda Divisão", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 23805739 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 36 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Federação Paulista de Futebol", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 12061751 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 30 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Home of the FPF ", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Paulistão Play - Official online platform for transmission", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Paulistão at Facebook", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [ 7529378 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 14, 22 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Paulistão at YouTube", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [ 3524766 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 14, 21 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Paulistão at Twitter", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [ 9988187 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 14, 21 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Paulistão at Instagram", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [ 31591547 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 14, 23 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Gazeta Esportiva History of the Campeonato Paulista ", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "Campeonato_Paulista", "State_football_leagues_in_Brazil", "Football_leagues_in_São_Paulo_(state)" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "The T-7 was China's first sounding rocket. A test rocket, dubbed the T-7M, was first successfully launched on 19 February 1960 in Nanhui, Shanghai, and a full-scale rocket was launched on 13 September 1960. Wang Xiji of the Shanghai Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering was the chief designer. Twenty-four T-7 rockets were launched between 1960 and 1965, and it was retired after a final launch in 1969.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 256109, 1027135, 27643, 60896453 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 26, 41 ], [ 130, 136 ], [ 138, 146 ], [ 207, 216 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The T-7 was designed to carry a payload of to an altitude of . It had a length of , a launch weight of and a diameter of .", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Specifications", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "In 1958, China started its satellite program and tasked the Shanghai Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering with the development of rockets for satellite launches. Wang Xiji, a professor of the Department of Engineering Mechanics at Shanghai Jiao Tong University, was appointed the chief engineer in charge of the rocket development, and was appointed deputy director of the institute in charge of the overall program including the launch site.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 60896453, 33708475 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 176, 185 ], [ 245, 274 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The institute had very few experienced scientists. Other than Wang and Yang, there were only two visiting professors, Bian Yingui () and Li Minhua. The rest of the institute consisted of a few hundred university students with an average age of 21. Even Wang and Yang had little knowledge about rockets and had to learn on the fly.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 58851817 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 137, 146 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The development team worked with severe shortages of technical experience, funds, and equipment. They often worked in hunger as China was in the midst of the Great Famine. They performed calculations using hand-cranked mechanical computers as the team did not have an electronic computer, and a single ballistics calculation could take more than forty days. The launch site, located at in Nanhui County outside Shanghai, consisted of a sandbag bunker and a power generator. People at the launch bunker communicated with the tracking sites by relayed shouting or hand signals, and the rocket's liquid fuel tank was pressurised using a bicycle pump.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 317778, 13110872, 212094, 1027135, 27643, 995961, 428558 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 158, 170 ], [ 219, 239 ], [ 302, 312 ], [ 390, 403 ], [ 412, 420 ], [ 563, 575 ], [ 635, 647 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "After a failed first launch in January 1960, the second launch on 19 February 1960 was successful. This small-scale test rocket, dubbed the T7-M, was China's first sounding rocket, and it reached an altitude of . This success, achieved by a group of young engineers without the help of Soviet experts, impressed Mao Zedong.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 256109, 19527 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 164, 179 ], [ 312, 322 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In March 1960, a launch site was built in Guangde County, Anhui for the full-scale T-7, which was successfully launched on 13 September 1960. After several further test launches, including a few failures, the rocket reached the design altitude of on 23 November 1961. Its designed payload was .", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 3715136, 105059 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 42, 56 ], [ 58, 63 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "24 T-7 rockets were launched in total from 1960 to 1965, including nine carrying meteorological payloads. The rocket was retired after a final launch in 1969.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The experience gained from developing the T-7 contributed greatly to the development of the Long March 1, the rocket that launched China's first satellite. After their success with T-7, Wang Xiji and his team were transferred to Beijing and Wang was appointed the chief designer of the Long March 1. He again collaborated with Yang Nansheng, and the Long March 1 successfully launched the Dong Fang Hong I satellite in 1970.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Aftermath", "target_page_ids": [ 2859317, 357853 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 92, 104 ], [ 389, 405 ] ] } ]

[ "Sounding_rockets_of_China", "1960_establishments_in_China", "20th_century_in_Shanghai", "Pudong" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "The PRR S1 class steam locomotive (nicknamed \"The Big Engine\") was a single experimental duplex locomotive of the Pennsylvania Railroad. It was designed to demonstrate the advantages of duplex drives espoused by Baldwin Chief Engineer Ralph P. Johnson. It was the longest and heaviest rigid frame reciprocating steam locomotive that was ever built. The streamlined Art Deco styled shell of the locomotive was designed by Raymond Loewy.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 320965, 196788, 30865559, 320965, 454911, 1881, 908990 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 4, 7 ], [ 17, 33 ], [ 89, 106 ], [ 114, 135 ], [ 353, 364 ], [ 365, 373 ], [ 421, 434 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The S1 had a unique 6-4-4-6 wheel arrangement, meaning that it had two pairs of cylinders, each driving two pairs of driving wheels. To achieve stability at fast passenger train speeds (above 100mph), articulation was not used. The S1 was completed on January 31, 1939, at Altoona shop, and was numbered 6100.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 1256995, 423986, 859284, 427031 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 20, 27 ], [ 28, 45 ], [ 80, 88 ], [ 117, 130 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "At overall, engine and tender, the S1 was the longest reciprocating steam locomotive ever; it also had the heaviest tender (451,840lb / 205 tonnes), highest tractive effort () of a passenger steam engine when built and the largest drivers (84 inch diameter) ever used on a locomotive with more than three coupled axles. The problem of wheel slippage, along with a wheelbase that was too long for many of the rail line's curves, limited the S1's usefulness. No further S1 models were built as focus shifted to the much smaller but more practical class T1 in June 1940. Design of the 4-4-4-4 T1 and the 6-4-4-6 S1 occurred concurrently, however, the S1 was the first produced.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 1211847 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 552, 554 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "As early as June 1936, the management of Pennsylvania Railroad decided to build a new passenger locomotive to replace its aging K4s locomotives. They also hoped that the new S1 steam locomotive would have a performance equal to their GG1 electric engine and would be capable of hauling a 1,000-ton passenger train at 100mph. A conference was held between Baldwin Locomotive Works officials and W. F. Kiesel, J. V. B. Duer and W. R. Elsey for PRR, where PRR demanded a passenger locomotive to haul 15 standard cars at 100mph on level track between Paoli and Chicago. Baldwin presented several 4-8-4 and 4-4-4-4 designs made for other railroads. However, PRR rejected the 4-8-4 design in favor of a rigid frame duplex and asked Baldwin to consider the wheel arrangement 4-4-6-4. In July 1936, PRR requested Baldwin Locomotive Works to submit a design for a 4-8-4 engine capable of handling a 2,000-ton train between Colehour and Harsimus Cove.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Construction and historical background", "target_page_ids": [ 320965, 1142652, 964436, 131860, 425769, 1256965, 30865559 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 41, 62 ], [ 128, 131 ], [ 234, 237 ], [ 547, 552 ], [ 592, 597 ], [ 602, 609 ], [ 709, 715 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Two months after the conference, Baldwin Locomotive Works officials presented four designs to PRR:", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Construction and historical background", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " a 4-4-4-4 passenger locomotive that could haul 1,200 tons but exceeded existing weight and clearance restrictions", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Construction and historical background", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " a 4-4-4-6 passenger locomotive that could haul 1,200 tons but also exceeded limits", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Construction and historical background", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " a 4-8-4 freight locomotive with the same weight on drivers as an M1a, which failed to meet the requirements for a 2,000-ton train", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Construction and historical background", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " an articulated 4-6-6-4 locomotive", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Construction and historical background", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "PRR preferred 4-4-4-4 and asked Baldwin to consider a passenger version with 80\" drivers and a freight version with 72\" drivers. However, the cooperation between PRR and Baldwin, which proceeded without signing any agreement or contract for the development of the new high-speed duplex engine, didn't go smoothly. Ten months after the first conference (April 1937), PRR ended Baldwin Locomotive Work's consultation and assigned the task to a consortium of Baldwin Locomotive Works, American Locomotive Company, and Lima Locomotive Works under a joint contract. T. W. Demarest headed the joint committee, General Superintendent of Motive Power in PRR's Western Region.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Construction and historical background", "target_page_ids": [ 390777, 370703, 1044116 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 456, 480 ], [ 482, 509 ], [ 515, 536 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The members of the joint committee were:", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Construction and historical background", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Ralph P. Johnsonn (Baldwin)", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Construction and historical background", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " William Winterwood", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Construction and historical background", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " H. Glaenzer (Baldwin)", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Construction and historical background", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Dan Ennis (American Locomotive Company)", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Construction and historical background", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " William E. Woodard (Lima)", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Construction and historical background", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Samuel Allen", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Construction and historical background", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "On 28 April 1937, PRR's Board authorized $300,000 for this experimental high-speed passenger locomotive project. The design started with a 4-4-4-4 duplex.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Construction and historical background", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "On 2 June 1937, PRR officially announced the development of the “Pennsylvania Type” high-speed passenger locomotive which would become Class S1. After various details were discussed and finalized, it became necessary to make changes that substantially increased the locomotive's weight. By the time the plans were finalized and approved it had evolved into a 6-4-4-6.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Construction and historical background", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The benefits of a duplex design included lighter machinery, shorter cylinder stroke, less wear, lower piston thrust, smaller more efficient cylinders, and a more stable", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Duplex design", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "frame than an articulated underframe; also, no hinged connection had to be maintained. Reduced hammer blows on the track resulted in lower maintenance cost. Two sets of drivers with four wheels each could have lighter (as much as 25%) running gear than a locomotive with all four axles coupled together, smaller and lighter moving parts ensured less wear and tear. Baldwin's chief engineer believed that the 8-coupled, two-cylinder locomotives of the time were at or near practical limits in terms of steam flow, cylinder efficiency could be improved at high speed by getting the same power from four smaller cylinders with proportionately larger valves. Valve travel in S1's cylinder was 7-1/2”, the lap was 1-7/8”, the lead was 5/16”, exhaust clearance was 0.25”, valve diameter was 12”.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Duplex design", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The S1 was the largest passenger locomotive ever constructed, the cast steel locomotive bed plate made by General Steel Castings was the largest single-piece casting ever made for a locomotive. In order to negotiate sharper radius curves, S1 was equipped with Lateral motion devices made by Alco on its first and third set of drivers, allowing 57.2mm (2.25 inches) of lateral play on the axles, but these proved to be inadequate. Unlike other experimental duplex engines like PRR's Class Q1 #6130 4-6-4-4, there were no flangeless wheels or blind drivers adopted on S1.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Construction", "target_page_ids": [ 3708334, 5050286, 5693391, 3696573 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 77, 91 ], [ 106, 128 ], [ 260, 281 ], [ 488, 490 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In March 1938, a Chicago and North Western Class E-4 4-6-4 \"Hudson\" #4003 was tested by PRR at Altoona. Based on the test results, PRR decided to adopt 84\" drivers and a cylinder pressure of 300 psi for the S1. PRR believed that the large diameter drivers could increase the tractive effort without causing undue slipping.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Construction", "target_page_ids": [ 3677164 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 17, 52 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In August 1941, PRR VP-Western Region James M. Symes, a senior official who turned against the idea of duplex engine in later years, approved the extension of stall no. 30 of the Crestline roundhouse to accommodate the S1. The stall had a connection at the back because the S1 could only be turned on a wye, but not on the roundhouse's turntable.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Construction", "target_page_ids": [ 34136224 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 38, 52 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Timken roller bearings were equipped on the crosshead pins, all engine trucks, and drive axles as well as the tender trucks. Besides, the lightweight reciprocating parts were manufactured by Timken High Dynamic Steel and designed by Timken engineers. To get enough steel between the crank and axle, the back end of each main rod was offset from the crank in the driver, so the big end made a circle while each side rod pin made a circle.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Construction", "target_page_ids": [ 854675, 854675 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 6 ], [ 233, 239 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The boiler for the S1 was the largest built by the Pennsylvania Railroad; with of direct heating surface and 500 one-inch diameter tubes, the total heating surface area of S1 was 7,746 sq ft (719.6 m2); it was 99.3% as massive as the boiler for Union Pacific's 4000-class 4-8-8-4 locomotive, the \"Big Boy\". In terms of drawbar horsepower, the S1 was 13% more powerful than the \"Big Boy,\" 7200hp and 6345hp respectively. The large Belpaire firebox met the Pennsy's standards; its heating surface area included that supplied by seven American Arch circulators. Water passed through 5 1/2\" horizontal tube met at the centerline with the other cross tube forming the bottom of the 7\" vertical tube that sprayed the water up into the steam space above the crown sheet. The lowest set pair of tubes was forward with the side openings of the other six steadily rising toward the back.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Boiler, steaming quality and streamlining", "target_page_ids": [ 420905 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 274, 281 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "A large Worthington 6 SA feedwater heater was fitted with a 7 SA pump to handle the enormous boiler's thirst. The six-wheel leading and trailing trucks were added, as the locomotive was too heavy for four-wheel units. The streamlined Art Deco styled shrouding of the locomotive was designed by Raymond Loewy, a design concept based on his earlier streamlining design for PRR K4s #3768 in 1936, for which he received U.S. Patent No. 2,128,490. Raymond Loewy conducted the wind-tunnel test by using the clay model of S1 at Guggenheim Aeronautical Laboratory for the design of its streamlined shrouding, and it was the same laboratory where he conducted testing of the streamlining of PRR K4s #3768. The design of the smoke lifting plate around the smokestack on S1 was improved based on the wind-tunnel test result from Guggenheim.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Boiler, steaming quality and streamlining", "target_page_ids": [ 1633875, 30864070, 1644457, 454911, 1881, 908990, 1142652, 10441596 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 25, 41 ], [ 124, 131 ], [ 136, 150 ], [ 223, 234 ], [ 235, 243 ], [ 295, 308 ], [ 376, 379 ], [ 522, 556 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The cost of the S1 was $669,780.00, equal to $ today, which was over twice the cost of a PRR T1 4-4-4-4 (#6111 cost $310,676). No. 6100 was completed at Altoona on Dec.21, 1938 without the streamlined casing. On the same day, it made its first road test with two cars, running backward to Huntingdon and returned to Altoona at speeds up to . During the run, it was stopped and checked for overhang on all tight curves. Assistant Chief of Motive Power-Locomotive Carleton K. Steins (1891-1973) noted superior riding and steaming qualities. During another pre-service road test, the S1 was clocked at towing 90 freight cars.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Construction costs and testing", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The S1 was displayed at the New York World's Fair of 1939–40 with the lettering \"American Railroads\" rather than \"Pennsylvania Railroad\", as 27 eastern railroads had one combined exhibit, which also included the Baltimore & Ohio's duplex locomotive. To reach the Fair the S1 took a circuitous route over the Long Island Rail Road. Many obstacles, like some of the third rail guards, had to be temporarily removed and other obstacles were passed at a crawl to reach the fairgrounds. S1 was towed (facing backward) by smaller freight engines like PRR Ils and took a round-about route to the fair site. She ran up the Bel-Del, interchanged with the Lehigh and Hudson River Railway at Belvidere and NH at Maybrook. The S1 traveled over the Poughkeepsie and Hell Gate Bridge, crossed over the Hudson River and then brought it across on the NY Connecting. On March 13, 1939, the S1, lettered “American Railroads” on the tender, arrived at New York World's Fair.", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "1939 World's Fair display", "target_page_ids": [ 219288, 3686948, 37139, 2628180, 1976803, 125803, 351876, 126944, 259757, 318696, 47911 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 28, 49 ], [ 213, 249 ], [ 309, 330 ], [ 616, 623 ], [ 647, 678 ], [ 682, 691 ], [ 696, 698 ], [ 702, 710 ], [ 737, 749 ], [ 754, 770 ], [ 789, 801 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "At the Fair, the drive wheels operated under the locomotive's steam power ran continuously on the roller platform at 60mph (97km/h) all day long. Film footage shows that all the wheels on S1, besides the drive wheels, were also placed on rollers powered by electricity; every time S1 started its performance by moving the drive wheels, all the wheels were rolling, including the wheels on the tender's truck.", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "1939 World's Fair display", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The New York World's Fair was open for two seasons, from April to October each year, and was officially closed on October 27, 1940. During the five-month break between October 1939 and April 1940, #6100 was put back on the system for passenger service and road testing. There is photo evidence showing that the S1 was hauling the Manhattan Limited, a named train serving as an alternative to the Broadway Limited, in November 1939.", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "1939 World's Fair display", "target_page_ids": [ 219288, 25283669, 908826 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 4, 25 ], [ 330, 347 ], [ 392, 412 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Popular Mechanics described S1 as the \"Pride of American Railroad\" in an article in their June 1939 issue. The New York World's Fair of 1939 attracted nearly 25 million visitors, S1's first 50,000 service mile was accumulated from this fair's live steam show. After the World's Fair, the S1 was re-lettered for the Pennsylvania Railroad fleet. As one of the most important exhibits of the World's Fair, S1 was used by the PRR for various publicity purposes; her image was featured in calendars, stamps, advertisements, brochures, puzzles, etc. The American Bank Note Company issued a series of posters in 1939, published by the Eaton paper company as part of an advertising campaign. One of the posters depicts the S1 hauling the Broadway Limited.", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "1939 World's Fair display", "target_page_ids": [ 623990, 219288, 10095553, 908826 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 17 ], [ 111, 132 ], [ 548, 574 ], [ 730, 746 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "S1 began its passenger train services starting from December 1940, on the run between Chicago and Pittsburgh. On its first run out of Fort Wayne, Indiana, the crew was led by H.H. Lehman (Fireman), C.J. Wappes (Road Foreman) and Frank Ritcha (Engineer). Due to its gigantic size, S1 had to turn on the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad's wye at Chicago before going eastbound and was unable to go through the 130lb switch (No.8) just to the west of Pittsburgh Union Station. This problem wasn't fixed until 1946 (which also prevented the PRR class T1 operating through Pittsburgh).", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Service history", "target_page_ids": [ 25101, 498362, 951039 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 98, 108 ], [ 303, 342 ], [ 456, 480 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The S1 was so large that it could not negotiate the track clearances on most of the lines of the PRR system, in its brief service life it was restricted to the mainline between Chicago, Illinois and Crestline, Ohio (283 miles/446km). It was assigned to the Fort Wayne Division and based at the Crestline engine-house. As such, the S1 had to be turned on the wye at Crestline whenever it was in town, and suffered from repeated derailments as a result. Based on photographic evidence, S1 hauled the Broadway Limited (New York to Chicago) and Liberty Limited (Washington D.C to Chicago) in the first few months of its revenue service, and was then assigned to haul other popular, heavier and commercially successful passenger trains such as The General, The Trail Blazer and The Golden Arrow on this route.", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Service history", "target_page_ids": [ 6886, 150892, 908826, 56083485, 1178147, 17256000 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 177, 194 ], [ 199, 214 ], [ 494, 514 ], [ 541, 556 ], [ 739, 750 ], [ 752, 768 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Monthly mileage reports from the Hagley Library indicated that the S1 racked up per month or 20 round trips between Chicago, Illinois and Crestline, Ohio in Aug 1941 which was a very spectacular monthly mileage figure for an experimental engine, compared to K4s 6000 to 8000 miles monthly average mileage. This implied that the PRR had high regard for S1's power and speed. The S1 helped PRR to handle the extreme busy wartime traffic until the end of WWII and paid off her high construction cost within one year. Crews liked the S1, partly because of its very smooth ride at speed. The great mass and inertia of the locomotive together with the unique, massive 6-wheel trailing truck soaked up the bumps and the surging often experienced with duplex locomotives.", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Service history", "target_page_ids": [ 6886, 150892 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 117, 134 ], [ 139, 154 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In terms of tractive effort and drawbar horsepower, PRR S1 was the most potent reciprocating steam locomotive ever built for passenger service. Starting tractive effort calculated in the usual way (85% mean effective pressure) comes out , but the engine used 70.6% limited cutoff (presumably to increase port openings at short cutoff), so the railroad claimed a correspondingly lower tractive effort. During a test run between Chicago, Illinois and Crestline, Ohio in December 1940, S1 managed to reach on level track with 1350 tons passenger stock behind her, which was equal to 24 postwar lightweight passenger cars. In this test run, S1 also achieved an average speed of , which was 27% faster than the average schedule speed of the route. Some publications from Germany stated that S1 was able to reach in other road tests during the late 1940s with a lighter load behind her, but PRR never claimed this record. On Apr 19, 1941, during an excursion run organized by the Detroit Railroad Club, S1 reached on the route between Fort Wayne and Chicago.", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Operating performance and alleged speed records", "target_page_ids": [ 421597, 421597, 11232 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 12, 27 ], [ 32, 50 ], [ 1032, 1042 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "An article \"Riding the Gargantua of the Rails\" in the Dec 1941 Popular Mechanics Magazine cites a speed recorded by assistant road foreman Charlie Wappes of the Fort Wayne Division during the S1's test runs at with 12 heavyweight passenger cars in its back. There are other stories of the S1 reaching or exceeding . In the German trade press and literature from 1945, there was a report of a record run of the S1, citing railroad officials of Interstate Commerce Commission that a speed of was reached when the engine was trying to make up time for a delayed westbound train, the Trail Blazer.", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Operating performance and alleged speed records", "target_page_ids": [ 623990, 55678, 17256000 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 63, 89 ], [ 444, 474 ], [ 578, 594 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Its high-speed capability was such that many have claimed that the S1 exceeded on multiple occasions the record steam locomotive speed set in 1938 by the LNER locomotive Mallard. The engine was claimed to have exceeded on the Fort Wayne-Chicago run, as it was reported that the PRR received a fine for the feat.", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Operating performance and alleged speed records", "target_page_ids": [ 320278, 716938 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 155, 159 ], [ 171, 178 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The streamlining designer of the train Raymond Loewy himself wrote in 1979: \"On a straight stretch of track without any curves for miles; I waited for the S1 to pass through at full speed. I stood on the platform and saw it coming from the distance at 120 miles per hour. It flashed by like a steel thunderbolt, the ground shaking under me, in a blast of air that almost sucked me into its whirlwind. Approximately a million pounds of locomotive were crashing through near me. I felt shaken and overwhelmed by an unforgettable feeling of power, by a sense of pride at the sight of what I had helped to create.\"", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Operating performance and alleged speed records", "target_page_ids": [ 908990 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 39, 52 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The lack of curve compatibility led to the S1 not being used for its intended long-distance express service. Although the S1 had less than half (47%) its total weight on the driving wheels, its Factor of adhesion was still very close to the much more successful PRR Q2, Santa Fe \"Northern\" 4-8-4s the 2900s, and the renowned N&W Class J 4-8-4s. More than half of its weight was being carried by the massive six-wheel pilot (leading) and trailing trucks instead of the drivers. This left the two sets of four duplex driving wheels susceptible to wheel slippage. However, during the years service history of S1, no serious accident occurred due to wheel slippage. The S1 managed to serve between Chicago and Crestline, Ohio for almost years, made it having the longest-serving record among all experimental steam engine prototypes of the PRR, such as the Q1 4-6-4-4 and S2 turbine 6-8-6.", "section_idx": 9, "section_name": "Suspected design flaws", "target_page_ids": [ 2044956, 3706413, 5595699, 3696573, 1283811 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 194, 212 ], [ 262, 268 ], [ 325, 336 ], [ 855, 857 ], [ 870, 872 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "To increase the adhesion and improve performance, PRR enlarged the sand dome on the S1. It ensured the supply of sand for steam sanding and slightly increased the axle load above the first and second set axle. The S1 was partially de-skirted in 1942 to improve the visibility of the reciprocating parts for the crews and better operation. Suspension springs of the pilot truck and trailer truck were fine-tuned to straighten out the overall weight distribution to achieve better performance. Railway Historian and Author Alvin F. Staufer agrees that she (S1) was oversized and thus unable to visit most roundhouses or handle tight curves, but contends: \"She was an excellent steamer and gave trouble-free service.\"", "section_idx": 10, "section_name": "Mitigation measures", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "According to an official report from PRR dated December 1, 1945, which is now stored in The Hagley Museum and Library, S1 #6100 was awaiting engine truck repairs at Crestline. It was expected to be returned in service after a few days. This is one of a solid proof that S1 was still in service at least until December 1945. At the time, at least 13 T1 4-4-4-4 were already put into service.", "section_idx": 11, "section_name": "Retirement", "target_page_ids": [ 240966, 34624, 1211847, 1256965 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 92, 117 ], [ 318, 322 ], [ 349, 351 ], [ 352, 359 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The design flaws of the S1 led to only one example being produced. Before S1 was officially put in revenue service, The PRR already ordered a shorter design, the T1 4-4-4-4 of 1942. Unlike her duplex sisters, the PRR S1 didn't install any form of Poppet Valve Gear, even though it was proposed to install Franklin Type A rotary cam poppet valve gear when she was already under construction, but such proposal was rejected due to technical difficulties in 1938., this decision unexpectedly prevented a lot of troubles that would have been caused by the problematic Franklin poppet valve gears in the T1's service life. The total service years or total service mileage of S1 (from Nov 1939 to March 1940, Dec 1940 to May 1946) was ironically slightly longer than some of her younger duplex sisters.", "section_idx": 11, "section_name": "Retirement", "target_page_ids": [ 1211847, 591379 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 162, 164 ], [ 305, 349 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "A time-book belonging to Pennsy engineman Byron Breininger from the Ft. Wayne division records a trip to Chicago on S1 engine #6100 at 8:59 AM on May 5, 1946, this run was possibly one of its last in service. Less than two years later, PRR president Martin W. Clement announced that “By May of this year (1948) we expect all of our through passenger trains west of the electrified territory to be dieselized”. Preservation of S1 was discussed inside PRR's board, but due to the deteriorating financial situation since 1946, S1 #6100 was scrapped in 1949. The PRR continued developing the T1 class of 4-4-4-4 duplex locomotives but wheel slip and mechanical failures also plagued the T1. ", "section_idx": 11, "section_name": "Retirement", "target_page_ids": [ 34631, 33389937, 320965, 1211847, 1256965 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 153, 157 ], [ 250, 267 ], [ 559, 562 ], [ 588, 590 ], [ 600, 607 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Before Pennsylvania Railroad commissioned Baldwin for a 4-4-4-4 duplex passenger engine (T1) in 1940, Baldwin Locomotive Works already begun the development of designs for fast locomotives with duplex drive since 1938, including a rigid-frame 4-2-2-4 and three-cylinder 4-4-4 for lightweight trains and the preliminary design for a 4-4-4-4 for heavy trains; BLW presented these designs to several railroads, but only the PRR adopted the duplex concept. In Oct 1939, When PRR S1 was still on display in the 1939-40 World's Fair, Baldwin Locomotive Works placed a stock order to build a 4-4-4-4 duplex high-speed passenger locomotive as a demonstrator, with bullet nose streamlining by noted industrial designer Otto Kuhler, but before it could be built, the PRR placed an order for two locomotives of this type in July 1940. This implied that PRR S1 was a showpiece exclusively built for the 1939-40 World's Fair instead of replacing the K4s as the new prime power of the PRR, the PRR T1s was developed during the same period of time when the S1 was under construction or on display in the World Fair.", "section_idx": 11, "section_name": "Retirement", "target_page_ids": [ 1303763, 1256965, 3318883, 50268, 1142652 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 270, 275 ], [ 332, 339 ], [ 710, 721 ], [ 899, 911 ], [ 937, 940 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The stylish appearance of the S1 has proved to be very popular:", "section_idx": 12, "section_name": "Cultural references", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " The S1 was represented in a 1939 painting by railroad artist Grif Teller that appeared in the Pennsylvania Railroad's picture calendar. ", "section_idx": 12, "section_name": "Cultural references", "target_page_ids": [ 25900694 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 62, 73 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " The American Bank Note Company issued a series of posters published by the Eaton paper company as part of an advertising campaign in 1939, one of the posters depicts the S1 hauling the Broadway Limited", "section_idx": 12, "section_name": "Cultural references", "target_page_ids": [ 10095553 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 5, 31 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Famed artist Emmanuel Zurin's Bronze sculpture \"Train futuriste,\" a 43 inches long sculpture which features some elements of S1's front-end styling like the bullet head, lines, and curves at the pilot and its 6-wheel trucks.", "section_idx": 12, "section_name": "Cultural references", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " CD Album \"Night Train, Classic Railroad Songs, Volume 3\" by Various Artists, Published by Rounder in 1998, a painting of S1 was used on the cover of the Album.", "section_idx": 12, "section_name": "Cultural references", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " CD Album \"Black Diamond Express to Hell\" by Various Artists, Published by Rev. A. W. Nix in 2006, features a perspective drawing of S1 which was used as the backbone of the cover's art design.", "section_idx": 12, "section_name": "Cultural references", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " In the PC game Invention, Travel, & Adventure, one of the trains the player travels on is pulled by an S1 modeled locomotive.", "section_idx": 12, "section_name": "Cultural references", "target_page_ids": [ 6515332 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 16, 47 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " The Danish pop group 'Laid Back's third album 'Play It Straight,' released in 1985, features a three-quarter view of the S1's bow on its cover, albeit in a gaudy pinkish-red hue it never wore in service. ", "section_idx": 12, "section_name": "Cultural references", "target_page_ids": [ 604517 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 23, 32 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " The S1 appears in the Sandman comic series, book IX.", "section_idx": 12, "section_name": "Cultural references", "target_page_ids": [ 79677 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 23, 30 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " In the anime 'The Galaxy Railways', the engine for Vega Platoon, Iron Burger, is loosely based on the S1, with the 4-8-8-4 wheel arrangement used for the Union Pacific Big Boy, which was used as the basis for Big One, the engine for Sirius Platoon.", "section_idx": 12, "section_name": "Cultural references", "target_page_ids": [ 800, 2605282, 400931 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 8, 13 ], [ 15, 34 ], [ 155, 176 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " A locomotive inspired by the S1 appears in the PC game Grim Fandango as \"the Number Nine,\" the best vehicle for travel to the eternal rest.", "section_idx": 12, "section_name": "Cultural references", "target_page_ids": [ 81065 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 56, 69 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Solomon Islands Stamps release a set of stamp in 2017 (Neofile #SI-17212a) with S1 and other express steam locomotives from all over the world like the LNER A4 Mallard on it, S1 was placed next to the LNER Mallard.", "section_idx": 12, "section_name": "Cultural references", "target_page_ids": [ 265083 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 16 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " A streamlined locomotive similar to the S1 appears in The Animated Series season 1, episode 2, Christmas with the Joker.", "section_idx": 12, "section_name": "Cultural references", "target_page_ids": [ 5040053 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 97, 121 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "There are Lionel and MTH models of 6100", "section_idx": 12, "section_name": "Cultural references", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " PRR locomotive classification", "section_idx": 13, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 1140522 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 30 ] ] } ]

[ "Pennsylvania_Railroad_locomotives", "Streamlined_steam_locomotives", "6-4-4-6_locomotives", "Duplex_locomotives", "Experimental_locomotives", "Individual_locomotives_of_the_United_States", "Passenger_locomotives", "Steam_locomotives_of_the_United_States", "Railway_locomotives_introduced_in_1939", "Scrapped_locomotives", "Unique_locomotives", "Standard_gauge_locomotives_of_the_United_States", "Raymond_Loewy" ]

[ "PRR S1", "PRR 6100" ]

[ { "plaintext": "The Houston Art Car Parade is an annual event in Houston, Texas, featuring a display of all types of rolling art. The first and largest Art Car parade in the world, at any given parade spectators will see cars, bicycles, motorcycles, roller-skaters, and many other types of motorized and human-powered vehicles all decorated in various themes. There are also classic cars, lowriders, and various other highly modified roadworthy vehicles. The parade has been a Houston tradition since 1988, when 40 decorated vehicles were featured during the Houston International Festival. The first art car parade took place on May 14, 1986, when 11 vehicles participated in a parade down Montrose Boulevard within the Neartown area. In recent years, the parade has been held on Allen Parkway until the 2015 season prior to the re-routing of Allen Parkway where the westbound lanes have been converted into parking spaces; since 2016 the parade has been relocated to a section of Downtown Houston going up Smith Street with parade route going past Houston City Hall exiting westbound to Allen Parkway. The 2004 parade featured 250 entries observed by a live audience of over 100,000 people. There were over 260 entries in the 2006 parade. The 2007 parade featured 282 entries. On November 28, 2009, Houston had an illuminated art car parade, dubbed Glowarama. Dan Aykroyd served as the Grand Marshal for the 2010 parade. 2020 saw no parade as the COVID-19 pandemic was to blame; the 35th parade returns come 2022.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 13774, 29810, 13673345, 3973, 19876, 228429, 46779, 338360, 295235, 28028329, 387905, 7111125, 8915499, 49650, 1430216, 62750956 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 49, 56 ], [ 58, 63 ], [ 206, 209 ], [ 212, 219 ], [ 222, 232 ], [ 235, 249 ], [ 289, 311 ], [ 361, 372 ], [ 375, 383 ], [ 546, 576 ], [ 709, 717 ], [ 770, 783 ], [ 1039, 1056 ], [ 1352, 1363 ], [ 1378, 1391 ], [ 1439, 1456 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The plot follows the Cars, who go to the moon in a candy-shaped spaceship in order to assist the Queen of the Moon. The Bitter Gourd King and his gourd troopers are attacking the World of Sweetness with bitter juice, and the Queen needs the help of the cars. Wolfie and his family come with the Cars by accident. At one point the Gourd King kidnaps Beetle's family, and Weslie comes to tears upon seeing his parents.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Plot", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Art car", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 248315 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 7 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "ArtCar Museum", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 455063 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 13 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Car 1", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Voice cast", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Car 2", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Voice cast", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Car 3", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Voice cast", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Car 4", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Voice cast", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Car 5", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Voice cast", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Car 6", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Voice cast", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The English version of the parade has a voice cast including Car 1, Car 2 and Car 3.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Voice cast", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The parade emphasizes importance of family. Yu said \"Unlike the mostly fun plots in the previous, we play up the love theme this time.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Production", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The parade was scheduled to be released on Friday January 28, 2011, in Mainland US. Yu Tak-wai, the creative director of Creative Power Entertaining, stated that the parade was scheduled to be released in Canada, Mexico, and Peru later during the year 2011. It was released in US on January 21, 2011", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Release", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "A 2011 Car Daily article stated that the parade was predicted to make over 150 million ($25 million China). The film earned $139.250 million at the US box office.", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Reception", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Official Art Car Parade website", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The Houston Art Car Museum", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Photo collections", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "2011 Parade (679 photos)", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "2005 Parade (120 photos)", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "2004 Parade (55 photos)", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Art Car Museum", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "Art_vehicles", "Automotive_events", "Festivals_in_Houston", "Outdoor_sculptures_in_Texas", "Parades_in_the_United_States", "1986_establishments_in_Texas", "Recurring_events_established_in_1986" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "The NAMM Show is an annual event in the United States that is organized by the National Association of Music Merchants (NAMM), who describe it as \"the industry’s largest stage, uniting the global music, sound and entertainment technology communities\".", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The NAMM Show takes place annually in Anaheim, California, at the Anaheim Convention Center, and is one of the largest music product trade shows in the world. Its European counterpart is the Musikmesse in Frankfurt. The event attracts numerous famous musicians, many of whom are endorsed by exhibitors and come to promote their own signature models and equipment.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Overview", "target_page_ids": [ 77520, 1941440, 1129368, 26698558, 10992 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 38, 57 ], [ 66, 91 ], [ 133, 144 ], [ 191, 201 ], [ 205, 214 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "NAMM is a trade-only business show catering to domestic and international dealers and distributors. The product exhibits are an integral part of the show, allowing the dealers and distributors to see what's new, negotiate deals and plan their purchasing for the next 6 to 12 months. Exhibitors are allotted a specific number of attendees based on the size of their booth. Retail Members are allowed a certain number of attendees based on their full-time employees.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Overview", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The association's other show, Summer NAMM, takes place in the summer in Nashville, Tennessee, at the newly constructed Music City Center. Summer NAMM is about one-quarter the size of the NAMM Show in January and focuses more on industry meetings and professional development rather than products.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Summer NAMM", "target_page_ids": [ 22018, 40696157 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 72, 92 ], [ 119, 136 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In 1901, 52 members of the National Piano Manufacturers Association of America formed the National Association of Piano Dealers of America. The group held its first annual meeting in 1904. In 1919, the group renamed itself National Association of Music Merchants, or NAMM.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "NAMM has evolved from a national retail association into an international association whose members now include commercial companies, distributors, affiliates and manufacturers.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The NAMM Show did not take place in 1932, 1934, 1942 or 1945. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the 2022 NAMM Show was held in Anaheim June 3–5, 2022, with no separate Summer NAMM to be held.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 62750956 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 73, 90 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "As was announced on August 10, 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the in-person 2021 NAMM Show was not held as planned on January 21–24, 2021 in Anaheim, California. Rather, NAMM hosted the Believe in Music Week starting January 18, 2021 which featured \"a mix of comprehensive programming and professional education at BelieveinMusic.tv, as well as an interactive marketplace to connect buyers and sellers – all designed to elevate the innovation and inspiration found across the industry while offering support for those most deeply affected by COVID. While not The NAMM Show or a virtual tradeshow, the initiative will meet the immediate business needs of NAMM member companies through thought-leader led education for all segments of the industry, networking and AI matchmaking, and business-to-business-focused opportunities to reaffirm and grow business connections, launch new products, share brand initiatives and engage with customers in real-time.\"", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The NAMM Show returned as an in-person event in Anaheim, California from Friday, June 3 through Sunday, June 5, 2022.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The NAMM Show is scheduled to return to the Anaheim Convention Center from Thursday, April 13 to Saturday, April 15, 2023.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "She Rocks Awards was created by the Women's International Music Network to pay tribute to women working the music industry. It was founded in 2012 by Laura B. Whitmore. The awards are a gala celebration and are held during the NAMM Show. It is currently held at the House of Blues, Anaheim with attendance nearing 800 and selling out many years. Honorees include major musicians to behind-the-scenes professionals. The Awards are known for celebrating women's achievements throughout the music industry.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "She Rocks Awards at the NAMM Show", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Dionne Warwick", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "She Rocks Awards at the NAMM Show", "target_page_ids": [ 167293 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 15 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Meredith Brooks", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "She Rocks Awards at the NAMM Show", "target_page_ids": [ 515823 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 16 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Milck", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "She Rocks Awards at the NAMM Show", "target_page_ids": [ 59676140 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 6 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Yvette Young", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "She Rocks Awards at the NAMM Show", "target_page_ids": [ 51109359 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 13 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Lyndsey Parker", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "She Rocks Awards at the NAMM Show", "target_page_ids": 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[], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Karrie Keyes, SoundGirls, sound engineer for Pearl Jam", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "She Rocks Awards at the NAMM Show", "target_page_ids": [ 56777351 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 12 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Tracy Leenman, Musical Innovations", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "She Rocks Awards at the NAMM Show", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Dani Markman, Disney Music Group", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "She Rocks Awards at the NAMM Show", "target_page_ids": [ 1302521 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 15, 33 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Shirley Manson", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "She Rocks Awards at the NAMM Show", "target_page_ids": [ 504461 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 15 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Esperanza Spalding", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "She Rocks Awards at the NAMM Show", "target_page_ids": [ 17929761 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 18 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Leanne Summers, LAWIM (Los Angeles Women in 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"anchor_spans": [ [ 16, 32 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Mona Tavakoli & Becky Gebhardt, Rock Camp For Girls L.A. and Raining Jane", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "She Rocks Awards at the NAMM Show", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Chalise Zolezzi, Taylor Guitars", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "She Rocks Awards at the NAMM Show", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Cathy Carter Duncan, Seymour Duncan", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "She Rocks Awards at the NAMM Show", "target_page_ids": [ 3207254 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 22, 36 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Crystal Morris, Gator Cases", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "She Rocks Awards at the NAMM Show", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Pamela Cole & Leigh Maples, Fanny’s House of Music", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "She Rocks Awards at the NAMM Show", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Mary Luehrsen, NAMM", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "She Rocks Awards at the NAMM Show", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Sujata Murthy, Universal Music Enterprises", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "She Rocks Awards at the NAMM Show", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " The Bangles", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "She Rocks Awards at the NAMM Show", "target_page_ids": [ 30513 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 12 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Colbie Caillat", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "She Rocks Awards at the NAMM Show", "target_page_ids": [ 12416709 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 15 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Mindi Abair", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "She Rocks Awards at the NAMM Show", "target_page_ids": [ 994095 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 12 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Amani Duncan, Martin Guitar", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "She Rocks Awards at the NAMM Show", "target_page_ids": [ 185205 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 15, 28 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Craigie Zildjian, Zildjian", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "She Rocks Awards at the NAMM Show", "target_page_ids": [ 164197 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 19, 27 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Paula Salvatore, Capitol Records", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "She Rocks Awards at the NAMM Show", "target_page_ids": [ 174650 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 18, 33 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " TEC Awards: Awarded during the NAMM Show", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 18990231 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 11 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " NAMM Oral History Program", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 33869005 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 26 ] ] } ]

[ "Trade_shows_in_the_United_States", "Culture_of_Anaheim,_California", "Music_conferences", "Recurring_events_established_in_1901", "1901_establishments_in_California", "Festivals_established_in_1901" ]

[ "NAMM Foundation" ]

[ { "plaintext": "Kim Do-jin (born on November 10, 1977), professionally known as Won Bin, is a South Korean actor. He first gained wide popularity in 2000 after starring in the KBS's television series Autumn in My Heart. One of the most selective actors in the Korean entertainment industry, he has starred in only five films to date, Guns & Talks, Taegukgi, My Brother, Mother and The Man from Nowhere. He was Gallup Korea's Film Actor of the Year in 2010 and 2011.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 341969, 2339839, 7185465, 934524, 23891709, 22833707, 29430927, 67928318 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 160, 163 ], [ 184, 202 ], [ 318, 330 ], [ 332, 340 ], [ 342, 352 ], [ 354, 360 ], [ 365, 385 ], [ 394, 431 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Won Bin was born and raised in Jeongseon County in Gangwon Province, South Korea. He is the fifth and youngest child, with one brother and three sisters. His father was formerly employed in a mine and his mother worked on a farm; both of his parents are now retired. As was common for other children living in mountainous regions, Won Bin spent most of his time playing around with friends in the mountains and rivers, and later explained: \"I came back home most nights at sunset with a black and dusty face.\" He was frequently shy, introspective, and quiet, character traits that would continue to follow him throughout adulthood. While not talkative or outgoing, he excelled at athletics. Won Bin started taekwondo lessons and now holds a black belt. As a young boy, he initially planned to become a car mechanic due to his interest in car racing and motorcycling. Won Bin graduated from a mechanical high school, where he studied car repair and mechanics.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Early life", "target_page_ids": [ 393192, 314842, 30374, 490771 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 31, 47 ], [ 51, 67 ], [ 707, 716 ], [ 741, 751 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In November 1995, a cable television station was looking to recruit and hire new actors; Won Bin applied and was accepted in his last semester of high school. He started to take acting classes at the station's headquarters and appeared in several dramas. The following month, Won Bin signed an acting contract with a talent agency.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Early life", "target_page_ids": [ 7587 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 20, 36 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Won Bin made his screen debut with a supporting role in the 1997 drama film Propose. His role in Ready Go! (1998) helped hone his acting chops. After Ready Go!, he took a break and entered a college called Paekche Institute of the Arts in 1998 to take acting classes. In 1999, Won Bin came back to the screen with a lead role in drama Kwangki from which he was recognized as a promising young actor and a teen heartthrob.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Career", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "He made his big breakthrough in 2000 with drama Tough Guy's Love (Kkokji) and Autumn in My Heart. His role as a rebellious youngest son in Kkokji proved his acting potential and his role in the widely successful drama landed him on the A-list for Korean performers. Autumn in My Heart gained wide popularity in Asia and he became one of the most popular Korean actors in Korea and Asia as well. In 2002, Won Bin was involved in the first South Korea and Japan joint production drama Friends.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Career", "target_page_ids": [ 2339839, 2339839, 6620634 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 78, 96 ], [ 266, 284 ], [ 483, 490 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Won Bin also had roles in a number of popular films, including Guns & Talks and My Brother, but it is his portrayal of the sensitive younger brother in the blockbuster war film Taegukgi (2004) that cemented his international fame. With the success of the critically acclaimed Taegukgi, recognition of his acting skills has reached an ever-wider international audience. Taegukgi was the best selling film in South Korea in 2004 with 11.75 million admissions.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Career", "target_page_ids": [ 7185465, 23891709, 934524 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 63, 75 ], [ 80, 90 ], [ 177, 185 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "His career was interrupted by his mandatory service to the South Korean Army. After graduating from the Graduate School of Arts in Yong-In University in 2005, Won Bin started his military duty in November 2005 and stationed at the Korean Demilitarized Zone, a position for which he volunteered. On June 2, 2006, the military officially confirmed that Won Bin would be no longer active. The decision was made by the military when Won Bin sustained injury to his ACL. He had undergone surgery and was officially discharged on June 7, 2006. After the surgery, he had gone through rehabilitation program for more than one year to recover from the injury.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Career", "target_page_ids": [ 27781946, 1515574, 1279599, 328874, 578923 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 34, 51 ], [ 59, 76 ], [ 131, 149 ], [ 231, 256 ], [ 461, 464 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Won Bin was appointed as UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador of the Korean Committee on September 6, 2007. He has participated in various programs and charity events in Korea for UNICEF from that time on, and has appeared in several promotional videos.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Career", "target_page_ids": [ 2169882, 19698110 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 25, 51 ], [ 171, 177 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In April 2008, Won Bin confirmed that his next film would be Mother directed by Bong Joon-ho. Filming started in September 2008 and finished in February 2009. The film was selected to compete in the Un Certain Regard section of the 2009 Cannes Film Festival. This was followed by the 2010 film The Man from Nowhere, his final film appearance to date.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Career", "target_page_ids": [ 22833707, 3590825, 10256952, 17421668, 29430927 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 61, 67 ], [ 80, 92 ], [ 199, 216 ], [ 232, 257 ], [ 294, 314 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In July 2013, news broke that Won Bin and actress Lee Na-young were in a relationship. The two got to know each other when Lee joined the same agency as Won in August 2011. The pair started dating a year later in August 2012. Won married Lee on May 30, 2015, in a small, private ceremony in Won's hometown of Jeongseon, Gangwon Province. A press release from their agency Eden 9 in August 2015 announced that the couple were expecting their first child.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Personal life", "target_page_ids": [ 1137356, 393192, 314842 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 50, 62 ], [ 309, 318 ], [ 320, 336 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " 2000: dream in HEAVEN photobook - 100 pages photo essays with photos taken in Bali, Indonesia and South Korea.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Books", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " 2002: WWW-Wonbin Wide pinup Web photobook - 40 pages photo essays.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Books", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " 2005: 28 Day 'n Year Won Bin Premium Box Set - DVD & photobook - 60-minute DVD and 144 pages of photos with sincere essays written by Won Bin revolving around his private life and his photo session trip to South Korea, Czech Republic, and Japan as well as collector's gifts.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Books", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " 2006: BINUS DVD - To show his gratitude to his fans for their years of support, Won Bin has recorded this candid, personal DVD (60 minutes) to be shared just between him and us, the fans - hence the title BINUS (BINUS is the name of his official fanclub), before fulfilling his mandatory military service. It includes revealing footage and private life, with Won Bin re-visiting many places in his hometown to share with his fans his background and childhood memories.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Books", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " 2006: Dear Wonbin photobook - Designed like a diary book, with drawings by Won Bin.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Books", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " 2010: I Love You Private DVD & Photobook - 105-minute DVD and photobook, filmed in Ireland", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Books", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "As a UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador, Won Bin has participated in various programs and charity events.", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Charity works", "target_page_ids": [ 2169882 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 5, 31 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " 2007.09.06 - Appointed as UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador.", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Charity works", "target_page_ids": [ 2169882 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 27, 53 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " 2007.10.03 - Attended the International Peace Marathon Festival in Seoul to raise fund for UNICEF.", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Charity works", "target_page_ids": [ 19698110 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 92, 98 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " 2007.11.26 - Attended a charity fashion show to raise fund for UNICEF.", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Charity works", "target_page_ids": [ 19698110 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 64, 70 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " 2008.02.28 - Attended the \"Clean meals, Happy sharing\" campaign sponsored by UNICEF and Hanwha Resort.", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Charity works", "target_page_ids": [ 19698110 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 78, 84 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " 2008.06.24 - Promoting the Awoo Doll campaign.", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Charity works", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " 2008.08.20 - Raised fund through photo project with Louis Vuitton and GQ Korea.", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Charity works", "target_page_ids": [ 852826, 558974 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 53, 66 ], [ 71, 73 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " 2008.11.27 - Promoting UNICEF Jumper to raise fund.", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Charity works", "target_page_ids": [ 19698110 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 24, 30 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " 2008.12.22 - Visited an orphanage in Seoul and presented the children there with Christmas gifts.", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Charity works", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " 2009.04.04-13 - Visited Gambia for UNICEF, visited relief center, hospital and schools.", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Charity works", "target_page_ids": [ 65656, 19698110 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 25, 31 ], [ 36, 42 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " 2010.09.12-17 - Visited East Timor for UNICEF. watched over the vaccinations and educational work being done on site by UNICEF.", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Charity works", "target_page_ids": [ 19159399, 19698110 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 25, 35 ], [ 40, 46 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Many entertainers in South Korea see Won Bin as one of the best examples of a good looking man.", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "In popular culture", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "He was mentioned in the lyrics of Ladies' Code's single Kiss Kiss, composed by Super Changddai. The lyrics said, \"난 오늘밤 꿈에서 난 원빈 오빠가 나타나 줄 텐데\" (Tonight, in my dreams, Won Bin oppa will appear). Members of the South Korean boy group iKON had also mentioned him on several of their songs. Bobby said in the lyrics of his rap verse on Masta Wu's single Come Here, \"실력이 외모면 난 방탄 유리 앞에 원빈.\" (If skill equals to looks, I'm Won Bin in front of a bulletproof glass.) Won Bin's character in The Man from Nowhere was referenced by Krystal Jung in the 2013 drama The Heirs, as well as by iKON's B.I in the lyrics of his song with co-member Bobby, Anthem wherein he said, \"날고 기어도 다 씹어 먹어줄게 Call me 아저씨.\" (We'll chew you up like raw meat, call me ahjusshi.) In the 2015 Korean drama Kill Me, Heal Me, the character of Park Seo-joon, Oh Ri-on, told Secretary Ahn that the elusive Writer Omega's looks were rumored to be \"on the Won Bin level.\" In 2016 drama The Lonely and Great God, Kim Go-eun's character mentioned Won Bin when Lee Dong-wook's character asked for \"a male name that women love\".", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "In popular culture", "target_page_ids": [ 38789740, 43755221, 43829936, 43801345, 46498345, 29430927, 24194611, 39538379, 43710666, 44733830, 36985607, 35258528, 5982314 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 34, 46 ], [ 56, 65 ], [ 232, 236 ], [ 287, 292 ], [ 332, 340 ], [ 482, 502 ], [ 521, 533 ], [ 552, 561 ], [ 584, 587 ], [ 770, 786 ], [ 805, 818 ], [ 971, 981 ], [ 1017, 1030 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " 2002: BVLGARI Brilliant Dreams Award (Japan)", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Awards and nominations", "target_page_ids": [ 1979907 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 7, 14 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " 2007: Appointed as UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Awards and nominations", "target_page_ids": [ 2169882 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 20, 46 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " 2011: Best Jewellery Wearer Award (Japan)", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Awards and nominations", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " 2000: Best Dresser of the year", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Awards and nominations", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " 2002: Voted as the \"April 2002 Most Beautiful Man\" by MostBeautifulMan.com. The first Asian celebrity to win in this monthly poll.", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Awards and nominations", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " 2005: Voted #1 \"Favorite Asian Star\" (2005) in the readers' survey by Japanese magazine \"CanCam\".", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Awards and nominations", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " 2005: Voted #1 \"Favorite Asian Star\" (2005) in the readers' survey by Japanese magazine \"an.an\".", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Awards and nominations", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " 2006: Voted #1 \"Favorite Asian Star\" (2006) in the readers' survey by Japanese magazine \"an.an\".", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Awards and nominations", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " 2007: Voted #1 \"Favorite Asian Star\" (2007) in the readers' survey by Japanese magazine \"an.an\".", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Awards and nominations", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Won Bin Official Website", "section_idx": 10, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "UNICEF_Goodwill_Ambassadors", "20th-century_South_Korean_male_actors", "21st-century_South_Korean_male_actors", "South_Korean_male_film_actors", "South_Korean_male_television_actors", "South_Korean_male_models", "South_Korean_male_taekwondo_practitioners", "Yong_In_University_alumni", "People_from_Gangwon_Province,_South_Korea", "1977_births", "Living_people", "Best_New_Actor_Paeksang_Arts_Award_(television)_winners" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "Stipe Pletikosa (; born 8 January 1979) is a Croatian former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper. As of 29 July 2021, he works at the Croatian Football Federation as a technical director of the national senior and under-21 team.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 10568, 5348091, 1268150, 699158, 715240, 3234497 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 74, 84 ], [ 101, 111 ], [ 149, 177 ], [ 183, 201 ], [ 209, 224 ], [ 229, 242 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Pletikosa began his professional career with Hajduk Split in Croatia, transferred to Shakhtar Donetsk in Ukraine, then joined Spartak Moscow in 2007. After spending one season with Tottenham Hotspur in the English Premier League, he returned to Russia in 2011 with Rostov, then moved to Deportivo de La Coruña of La Liga in 2015, where he retired.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 861240, 861305, 929190, 68198, 11250, 1612159, 200764, 37981 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 45, 57 ], [ 85, 101 ], [ 126, 140 ], [ 181, 198 ], [ 214, 228 ], [ 265, 271 ], [ 287, 309 ], [ 313, 320 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Pletikosa made his international debut for Croatia in 1999, and went on to represent the country in five major tournaments. He is the third-most capped player in the history of the Croatian national team after Darijo Srna and Luka Modrić, having made 114 appearances. Pletikosa retired from international football following the 2014 FIFA World Cup.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 1447216, 3064199, 656933 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 210, 221 ], [ 226, 237 ], [ 328, 347 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Pletikosa began his career at Croatian club Hajduk Split. He was selected as first-team goalkeeper for the 1998–99 season by manager Ivan Katalinić, replacing the veteran Tonči Gabrić. Hajduk fans nicknamed him \"Octopus\" (\"Hobotnica\") for his excellent reflexes and coordination. In 2002, he was named by magazine Večernji list as Croatian Player of the Year, the only goalkeeper other than Zoran Simović to have won the award.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 861240, 5844466, 7612778, 2179966, 8428351 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 44, 56 ], [ 133, 147 ], [ 171, 183 ], [ 314, 327 ], [ 391, 404 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In 2003, Pletikosa and teammate Darijo Srna transferred to Shakhtar Donetsk for €2million. Unlike Srna, Pletikosa did not succeed at the club and was subsequently loaned back to Hajduk in 2005. His second spell at Hajduk proved successful and earned him a starting place in Croatia's 2006 World Cup squad. Pletikosa returned to Shakhtar the following season, but found himself second choice to Jan Laštůvka, prompting the goalkeeper to seek a move. Shakhtar accepted a bid of €3million from Dinamo Zagreb, but Pletikosa rejected the move due to his loyalty to Hajduk, Dinamo's biggest rivals. A loan move to Fulham also fell through as he could not gain a work permit.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 1447216, 861305, 9472, 157233, 3258100, 34189153, 11228 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 32, 43 ], [ 59, 75 ], [ 80, 81 ], [ 284, 298 ], [ 394, 406 ], [ 491, 504 ], [ 608, 614 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On 7 March, the Russian football federation's transfer deadline day, Pletikosa signed a three-year, €3million contract to join Spartak Moscow. He featured regularly for the first-team until 2009, when he was less favoured by manager Valeri Karpin.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 929190, 1533025 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 127, 141 ], [ 233, 246 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On 31 August 2010, Pletikosa signed a season-long loan with Tottenham Hotspur of the English Premier League. He made his Tottenham debut in a 4–1 home defeat against Arsenal in the League Cup on 21 September 2010. It was his only appearance for the club.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 68198, 11250, 2174, 27729770 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 60, 77 ], [ 93, 107 ], [ 166, 173 ], [ 181, 191 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In July 2011, Pletikosa began a trial at Scottish Premier League club Celtic, playing in friendly matches away to Cardiff City and at home to Premier League side Wolverhampton Wanderers. In August 2011, manager Neil Lennon decided not to keep him as a member of the squad.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 226426, 69708, 5624949, 217730, 1295901 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 41, 64 ], [ 70, 76 ], [ 114, 126 ], [ 162, 185 ], [ 211, 222 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On 6 August 2011, Pletikosa signed a two-year contract with Russian Premier League club Rostov.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 1167698, 1612159 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 60, 82 ], [ 88, 94 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On 20 December 2015, Pletikosa signed a six-month deal with La Liga side Deportivo de La Coruña, mainly as a replacement for the injured Fabricio.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 37981, 200764, 15214616 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 60, 67 ], [ 73, 95 ], [ 137, 145 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Pletikosa made his Croatia senior debut as a 20-year-old against Denmark in 1999, winning plaudits for his dog-like reflexes and shot-stopping. But insecurity over the handling of high balls took a heavy toll at the 2000 UEFA European Under-21 Championship in Slovakia, where Croatia finished last in their group.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 715240, 580173, 4187979 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 19, 33 ], [ 65, 72 ], [ 216, 256 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Pletikosa worked hard to correct the weaknesses in his game. Under former Croatia head coach Mirko Jozić, he became his country's first-choice goalkeeper, playing all three matches at the 2002 FIFA World Cup finals. Pletikosa blossomed, using all of his 1.93-metre frame when dealing with difficult crosses.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 5432493, 52622 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 93, 104 ], [ 188, 207 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Named as Croatia's first-choice goalkeeper at the UEFA Euro 2004 in Portugal, he sustained an injury a few days before the beginning of the tournament and was replaced by reserve goalkeeper Tomislav Butina. Butina retained the position of number one goalkeeper during the qualification rounds for the 2006 World Cup. As a result, Pletikosa appeared in only two qualifying matches. Nevertheless, Pletikosa was chosen over Butina in the finals, since Butina was still recovering from an injury sustained early in the year.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 372770, 1447084, 157233 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 50, 64 ], [ 190, 205 ], [ 301, 315 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "At Euro 2008, Pletikosa was named Man of the Match in Croatia's opening victory against Austria, making many saves to preserve Croatia's 1–0 lead from an early penalty. On 16 June 2008, during the match between Austria and Germany, BBC pundit Alan Hansen stated his belief that Pletikosa had been \"the best goalkeeper in the tournament\" up to that point, ahead of more well-known contemporaries such as Petr Čech, Gianluigi Buffon and Iker Casillas, although his colleague Alan Shearer said Edwin van der Sar had been equally impressive. However, Buffon, Casillas and Van der Sar were eventually voted to the Team of the Tournament.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 662351, 906698, 695226, 250204, 19344654, 1179923, 1031818, 615874, 507433, 58682, 685906, 18210219 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 3, 12 ], [ 34, 50 ], [ 88, 95 ], [ 223, 230 ], [ 232, 235 ], [ 243, 254 ], [ 403, 412 ], [ 414, 430 ], [ 435, 448 ], [ 473, 485 ], [ 491, 508 ], [ 609, 631 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On 6 February 2013, Pletikosa played his 100th international match for Croatia, keeping a clean sheet in a 4–0 defeat of South Korea.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 10205078, 1018627 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 41, 66 ], [ 121, 132 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In the opening match of the 2014 World Cup, played on 12 June against hosts Brazil, a penalty was given against Croatia with the match tied 11. Pletikosa made contact with Neymar's spot kick, but could not prevent it from going in. Croatia eventually lost 31. On 17 July 2014, following the World Cup, Pletikosa announced his retirement from the national team.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 656933, 149286, 15326144 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 28, 42 ], [ 76, 82 ], [ 172, 178 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Pletikosa is a practising Roman Catholic who was known to wear a T-shirt with a picture of the Virgin Mary under his uniform for good luck when he played.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Personal life", "target_page_ids": [ 606848, 73513 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 26, 40 ], [ 95, 106 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Source:", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Career statistics", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Source:", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Career statistics", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Hajduk Split", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Prva HNL: 2000–01", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 1510519, 17573976 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 8 ], [ 10, 17 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Croatian Cup: 1999–2000, 2002–03", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 1878567, 26952469, 27024642 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 12 ], [ 14, 23 ], [ 25, 32 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Shakhtar Donetsk", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Vyshcha Liha: 2004–05", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 2322171, 4353472 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 12 ], [ 14, 21 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Ukrainian Super Cup: 2005", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 5063660, 53417977 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 19 ], [ 21, 25 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Rostov", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Russian Cup: 2013–14", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 2163345, 39900008 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 11 ], [ 13, 20 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Individual", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Heart of Hajduk Award: 2000, 2002", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 20591470 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 21 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Prva HNL Player of the Year: 2001, 2002", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 31670795 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 27 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Croatian Footballer of the Year: 2002", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 31027630 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 31 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "List of men's footballers with 100 or more international caps", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 10205078 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 61 ] ] } ]

[ "1979_births", "Living_people", "Sportspeople_from_Split,_Croatia", "Croatian_footballers", "Association_football_goalkeepers", "Croatian_Football_League_players", "Ukrainian_Premier_League_players", "Russian_Premier_League_players", "FC_Rostov_players", "FC_Shakhtar_Donetsk_players", "FC_Spartak_Moscow_players", "HNK_Hajduk_Split_players", "Tottenham_Hotspur_F.C._players", "Deportivo_de_La_Coruña_players", "Croatia_youth_international_footballers", "Croatia_under-21_international_footballers", "Croatia_international_footballers", "2002_FIFA_World_Cup_players", "2006_FIFA_World_Cup_players", "UEFA_Euro_2008_players", "UEFA_Euro_2012_players", "2014_FIFA_World_Cup_players", "FIFA_Century_Club", "Croatian_expatriate_footballers", "Croatian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Russia", "Croatian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Spain", "Croatian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Ukraine", "Croatian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_England", "Expatriate_footballers_in_England", "Expatriate_footballers_in_Russia", "Expatriate_footballers_in_Spain", "Expatriate_footballers_in_Ukraine" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "The South Sudan Liberation Movement (SSLM) is an armed group that operates in the Upper Nile Region of South Sudan. The group's creation was announced in November 1999 by people of the Nuer ethnicity who were in both the rebel Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA) and the government-allied South Sudan Defence Forces (SSDF) gathered in Waat. The SSLM was declared to be unaligned in the Second Sudanese Civil War, then entering its sixteenth year. The name \"South Sudan Liberation Movement\" was decided upon the next year, borrowing from the earlier Southern Sudan Liberation Movement, which existed in the 1980s.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 32344935, 32350676, 855296, 19196675, 19196675, 32368157, 1131537 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 82, 92 ], [ 103, 114 ], [ 185, 189 ], [ 227, 257 ], [ 291, 317 ], [ 337, 341 ], [ 389, 414 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The SSLM was formed in the context of widespread factional fighting among the Western Nuer ethnic group of Unity, South Sudan, who had signed a peace treaty with the government on 21 April 1997. The pro-government SSDF militia, comprising a large number of Nuer, had divided into warring factions led by Riek Machar and Paulino Matip. As Riek was being defeated, opposing government-aligned militias attacked civilians around the oilfields in South Sudan, causing a stream of Nuer refugees to flee towards SPLA-controlled Bahr al-Ghazal for protection. At least two previously pro-government Nuer militias aligned themselves with the SPLA, while the few Nuer loyal to the politically weakened Riek began to abandon the government's cause. The fact that Nuer refugees were being protected by the Dinka-dominated SPLA led to an unusual conference in Wunlit, sponsored by the New Sudan Council of Churches and the safety of which was guaranteed by the SPLA. Groups of Western Nuer and Dinka from Tonj, Rumbek and Yirol took part, leading to a peace agreement in March 1999 to end the ethnic fighting. The creation of the SSLM was accompanied by the announcement that most of the Nuer had formally broken away from the government. Between November 1999 and January 2000, the group was known as the Upper Nile Provisional Military Command Council (UMCC).", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Background", "target_page_ids": [ 767617, 2407248, 32636525, 32350676, 768738, 768938, 55752668, 10635897, 12765702, 1580059, 21082054 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 107, 125 ], [ 305, 316 ], [ 321, 334 ], [ 445, 456 ], [ 524, 538 ], [ 799, 804 ], [ 852, 858 ], [ 877, 906 ], [ 998, 1002 ], [ 1004, 1010 ], [ 1015, 1020 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The SSLM claimed that it followed \"two avenues to assert the rights of the people of South Sudan to freedom and self-determination\". The group stated that it was in favor of negotiation with the government of Sudan until an acceptable peace-accord is signed and the government stops its raids in southern Sudan, but the Comprehensive Peace Agreement of 9 January 2005, was seen by the SSLM as promising nothing new differing from past treaties only in its observance by the international community.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Political stance", "target_page_ids": [ 14712754 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 320, 349 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On 11 April 2011 the SSLM published a document that it called the Mayom Declaration, calling for a more inclusive government in South Sudan. Violence began with an assault SPLA in Unity State, leaving at least 45 people dead. According to the military, 20 of the victims were southern army soldiers. SSLA's spokesperson has said that the movement has declared a ceasefire with the government.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "2011 resurgence", "target_page_ids": [ 767617 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 180, 191 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On 26 April 2013 the South Sudanese government announced that it had granted an amnesty to SSLA fighters and that 3,000 men, comprising the entire force, had taken up the offer, crossed the border from Sudan and brought around 100 vehicles with them (including 37 technicals armed with machine guns and AA guns). President Salva Kiir pardoned all SSLA members who had surrendered their weapons to security forces. The former SSLA members are to be integrated into the South Sudanese army. Two other militia groups also took up the amnesty offer. An SSLA spokesperson said \"Our forces have joined the peace process with the South Sudan army\" and that \"because South Sudan needs development, peace and forgiveness, we have decided to end rebellion in South Sudan\". The surrender took place in Mayom County, Unity State and were led by the SSLA's commander, Brigadier General Bapiny Monytuel. SSLA commanders will meet President Kiir in Juba within a week to formalise the surrender arrangements.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "2013 amnesty and activity", "target_page_ids": [ 56216, 2363203, 767617, 1514879 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 264, 274 ], [ 324, 334 ], [ 810, 821 ], [ 940, 944 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "During the South Sudanese Civil War, former SSLA troops who had been assimilated into the SPLA moved to expel rebel factions loyal to Riek Machar from Bentiu.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "South Sudanese Civil War (2013-2020)", "target_page_ids": [ 41382446, 2407248, 6312673 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 11, 35 ], [ 134, 145 ], [ 151, 157 ] ] } ]

[ "Factions_of_the_South_Sudanese_Civil_War", "Military_of_Sudan", "Military_of_South_Sudan", "Rebel_groups_in_Sudan", "Rebel_groups_in_South_Sudan", "History_of_South_Sudan", "Politics_of_South_Sudan", "Political_organisations_based_in_South_Sudan" ]

[ "South Sudan Liberation Army" ]

[ { "plaintext": "Foam peanuts, also known as foam popcorn, packing peanuts, or packing noodles, are a common loose-fill packaging and cushioning material used to prevent damage to fragile objects during shipping. They are shaped to interlock when compressed and free flow when not compressed. They are roughly the size and shape of an unshelled peanut and commonly made of expanded polystyrene foam. 50–75millimetres (2-3 in) of peanuts are typically used for cushioning and void filling packaging applications. The original patent was filed for by Robert E. Holden in 1962 and was granted in 1965.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 568715, 9796127, 55602, 168393 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 104, 113 ], [ 118, 128 ], [ 329, 335 ], [ 357, 377 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Polystyrene-based packing peanuts were developed and patented by Tektronix Inc. They were made commercially available circa 1965 by Dow Chemical. Originally made from 100% virgin polystyrene resin, peanuts made from 100% recycled polystyrene have been commercially available since the mid-90s. The color and shape sometimes indicate what it is made of and who made it. Often green is 70% or possibly more recycled polystyrene, white is 70% or more virgin resin and pink means an antistatic agent has been applied; although there are some variations. The most common shapes are similar to a \"S\", \"figure 8\" or \"W\". Foam peanuts are very light (usually around 3grams per litre/0.17 to 0.2lb per cu ft) and easy to use. ", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Polystyrene foam", "target_page_ids": [ 659213, 309668, 2900890 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 65, 74 ], [ 132, 144 ], [ 479, 495 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Polystyrene peanuts may be used and reused many times with little or no loss in protection for the product shipped. They may be reused and recycled at many packing and shipping stores. Because of their build-up, polystyrene peanuts may also be used for various methods of home insulation, although it is not recommended because they are not flame retardant. ", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Polystyrene foam", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "In the early 1990s, starch-based packing peanuts were developed as a more environment-friendly alternative. The starch in the peanuts comes from crop-based sources rather than petroleum-based polystyrene, and is non-toxic. One of the first brands of biodegradable peanuts, Biofoam, is made from the grain sorghum; other brands are made from corn starch. Biodegradable foam peanuts have no electrostatic charge, another benefit over polystyrene. Being biodegradable and nontoxic, they are also safe for humans and pets if ingested accidentally. However, they are not produced in food-safe conditions, and are not recommended for eating. Also, during the manufacturing process, the nutritional value is removed from starch-based packing peanuts. This removes edible components, such as sugars, that would otherwise attract rodents and bugs. Their main drawbacks compared with polystyrene are lower resilience, higher weight (6.5 to 13g per litre/0.4 to 0.8lb per cubic foot), dust creation, potential attraction of rodents, and higher price. While polystyrene peanuts are soluble in acetone, starch-based peanuts are soluble in water, so starch based products can be disposed with down the sink, dissolving on contact with water.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Starch-based", "target_page_ids": [ 1021673, 27711, 47490, 70628115, 56122, 473540, 70628115, 368328, 1795597 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 74, 94 ], [ 112, 118 ], [ 250, 263 ], [ 273, 280 ], [ 305, 312 ], [ 341, 352 ], [ 354, 372 ], [ 389, 402 ], [ 1081, 1088 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Cushioning", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 9796127 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 11 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Packaging and labeling", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 568715 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 23 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Yam, K. L., Encyclopedia of Packaging Technology, John Wiley & Sons, 2009, ", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "References", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "Packaging_materials" ]

[ "styrofoam peanut", "packing peanut", "peanut" ]

[ { "plaintext": "Vladimir Vasilj (born 6 July 1975) is a former Croatian football goalkeeper.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 10568, 5348091 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 56, 64 ], [ 65, 75 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Born in Hanover, West Germany, Vasilj started his professional career at Croatian club Hrvatski Dragovoljac in the 1995–96 season. He continued to play for the club in the following three seasons, being their first-choice goalkeeper in two of the three seasons.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Career", "target_page_ids": [ 14197, 33166, 2710915 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 8, 15 ], [ 17, 29 ], [ 87, 107 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In the spring of 1998, he became the Croatian national team's third-choice goalkeeper and was also named to the final 22-man squad for the 1998 World Cup finals in France, but did not play any matches at the tournament where Croatia surprisingly finished third. Prior to the World Cup, he made his international debut by appearing as a substitute goalkeeper in the second half of Croatia's friendly match against Slovakia played on 29 May 1998 in Pula.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Career", "target_page_ids": [ 715240, 126460, 681620, 528103 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 37, 59 ], [ 139, 153 ], [ 413, 421 ], [ 447, 451 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "He left Hrvatski Dragovoljac for Dinamo Zagreb in the summer of 1998, but was merely the club's third-choice goalkeeper and managed to make only two domestic league appearances in the following two seasons. He became the club's second-choice goalkeeper after Dražen Ladić's retirement in May 2000 and made three domestic league appearances in the 2000–01 season before transferring to Dinamo's local rivals NK Zagreb for the 2001–02 season. He played for the club in the following two seasons and was their first-choice goalkeeper in both of them, also playing a significant role in the Zagreb team that surprisingly won the Croatian First League champions title in 2002.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Career", "target_page_ids": [ 34189153, 1510519, 1925263, 1609836 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 33, 46 ], [ 149, 164 ], [ 259, 271 ], [ 407, 416 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In the spring of 2002, he returned to the Croatian national team as their third-choice goalkeeper and was also named to the final 23-man squad for the 2002 World Cup finals in South Korea and Japan, but once again did not manage to play any matches at the tournament. Prior to the World Cup, he won his second international cap in a friendly match against Hungary. He subsequently did not win any international caps, but was called up to be the Croatian national team's third-choice goalkeeper at the Euro 2004 finals in Portugal after the team's first-choice goalkeeper Stipe Pletikosa was forced to withdraw from the tournament due to an injury.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Career", "target_page_ids": [ 52622, 679739, 372770, 1447070 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 151, 165 ], [ 356, 363 ], [ 501, 510 ], [ 571, 586 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "At club level, Vasilj left Zagreb for NK Varteks in the summer of 2003 and spent one season at the club as their first-choice goalkeeper, making 30 domestic league appearances as well as appearing in both of the club's two matches in the first round of the UEFA Cup, where they were eliminated by Hungarian club Debreceni VSC. He returned to Dinamo Zagreb in the summer of 2004 and spent one season at the club as their first-choice goalkeeper, making a total of 20 domestic league appearances and also appearing in all of the club's six UEFA Cup matches that season.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Career", "target_page_ids": [ 37739107, 232175, 32821489 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 38, 48 ], [ 257, 265 ], [ 312, 325 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "He left Dinamo in the summer of 2005 and joined Turkish club Konyaspor, where he spent the first part of the 2005–06 season as the second-choice goalkeeper, making only two appearances in the Süper Lig, and he subsequently went on to leave Konyaspor for NK Široki Brijeg from Bosnia and Herzegovina at the beginning of 2006, signing an 18-month contract until June 2007. He was released by the club and then retired in July 2009.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Career", "target_page_ids": [ 2627002, 1303104, 833862 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 61, 70 ], [ 192, 201 ], [ 254, 270 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Vladimir is the father of a Bosnian footballer Nikola Vasilj.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Personal life", "target_page_ids": [ 65720652 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 47, 60 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Dinamo Zagreb", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Croatian First Football League: 1998–99, 1999–00", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 1510519, 17573969, 17573974 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 30 ], [ 32, 39 ], [ 41, 48 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "NK Zagreb", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Croatian First Football League: 2001–02", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 1510519, 17573981 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 30 ], [ 32, 39 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Široki Brijeg", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Premier League of Bosnia and Herzegovina: 2005–06", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 1474099, 17541113 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 40 ], [ 42, 49 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Bosnia and Herzegovina Football Cup: 2007", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 2201090, 40165515 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 35 ], [ 37, 41 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Croatia", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "FIFA World Cup Third place: 1998", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 11370, 126460 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 14 ], [ 28, 32 ] ] } ]

[ "1975_births", "Living_people", "Footballers_from_Hanover", "Association_football_goalkeepers", "Croatian_footballers", "Croatia_international_footballers", "Croatian_expatriate_footballers", "German_people_of_Croatian_descent", "Croatian_Football_League_players", "Süper_Lig_players", "NK_Hrvatski_Dragovoljac_players", "GNK_Dinamo_Zagreb_players", "NK_Zagreb_players", "NK_Varaždin_players", "Konyaspor_footballers", "NK_Široki_Brijeg_players", "Expatriate_footballers_in_Turkey", "1998_FIFA_World_Cup_players", "2002_FIFA_World_Cup_players", "UEFA_Euro_2004_players" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "Tomislav Butina (; born 30 March 1974) is a Croatian former footballer who played as goalkeeper for Dinamo Zagreb, Club Brugge and Olympiacos. He was also capped 28 times for the Croatia national team in the period from 2001 to 2006, and was member of Croatian squads at the 2002 and 2006 FIFA World Cups, as well as UEFA Euro 2004.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 10568, 5348091, 34189153, 563623, 1229550, 715240, 52622, 157233, 372770 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 60, 70 ], [ 85, 95 ], [ 100, 113 ], [ 115, 126 ], [ 131, 141 ], [ 179, 200 ], [ 275, 279 ], [ 284, 303 ], [ 317, 331 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Butina began his professional career with Dinamo Zagreb, debuting for the first team on 23 May 1993, when the club was known as \"Croatia Zagreb\". However, he struggled to make an impact at the club at the time when Dražen Ladić was the club's longtime first-choice goalkeeper. In the mid-1990s, he had several loan spells with lower-tier Croatian sides Karlovac, Samobor and Slaven Belupo. In the late 1990s, he became a regular member of the squad, and, following Ladić's retirement in 2000, took over as Dinamo's first choice goalkeeper in the 2000–01 season.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 1925263, 12380349, 12374861, 1566040, 17573976 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 215, 227 ], [ 353, 361 ], [ 363, 370 ], [ 375, 388 ], [ 546, 560 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In July 2003, Butina joined Belgian First Division club Club Brugge, where he spent three seasons before moving on to Greek powerhouse Olympiacos in 2006. Following an unsuccessful two-season spell with the club, he returned to Dinamo Zagreb for the 2008–09 season. He made 49 league appearances in his final spell with the club, before being released early in the 2010–11 season, on 18 August 2010.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 1430677, 17563103, 27225944 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 28, 50 ], [ 250, 264 ], [ 365, 379 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Internationally, Butina represented Croatia at the under-20 and under-21 levels in 1994 and 1995, making a total of twelve appearances at youth levels. On 5 September 2001, he made his full international debut in a 2002 World Cup qualifier against San Marino. He went on to appear in all of Croatia's three matches at the Euro 2004 finals, and kept his place as the national team's first-choice goalkeeper over the following 18 months. He was also part of Croatia's 23-man squads for the 2002 and 2006 World Cup finals, but did not feature in any of the team's six matches during the two tournaments. In August 2006, he announced his retirement from the national team.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 3234497, 20018998, 654427 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 64, 72 ], [ 215, 239 ], [ 248, 258 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Butina became a member of Dinamo Zagreb senior squad in the inaugural season of the Prva HNL. He marked his debut for the club on 23 May 1993. Due to Dražen Ladić being an irreplaceable as the club's first-choice goalkeeper, Butina was sent on loans to smaller Prva HNL clubs. He then had season-long loan spells with Karlovac, Samobor and Slaven Belupo. He returned to Dinamo in 1997, made six league appearances in both the 1997–98 and the 1999–2000 title-winning campaigns and became the club's first-choice goalkeeper after Ladić's retirement in 2000. The next three seasons, he featured regularly in the Dinamo Zagreb first team, making a total of 90 league appearances and winning two Croatian Cups with the club. During the 2002–03 season, Butina appeared in all 32 of Dinamo Zagreb's league matches and conceded only 27 goals, which helped the club secure its first title since 2000. On 26 February 2002, Butina was stripped of his capitancy after breaking media silence about the existing financial problems in the club. On 13 June 2003, he was transferred to the Belgian First Division side Club Brugge.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 34189153, 9412760, 1510519, 1925263, 12380349, 12374861, 1566040, 16172152, 17573974, 1878567, 17573987, 1430677, 563623 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 26, 39 ], [ 60, 76 ], [ 84, 92 ], [ 150, 162 ], [ 318, 326 ], [ 328, 335 ], [ 340, 353 ], [ 426, 433 ], [ 442, 451 ], [ 691, 703 ], [ 731, 745 ], [ 1073, 1095 ], [ 1101, 1112 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In his first season with Club Brugge, Butina was a second-choice goalkeeper to Dany Verlinden, but the veteran retired the following season, and Butina became a member of the starting eleven. During the 2003–04 season, he made nine league appearances and two appearances in the UEFA Champions League. During the 2004–05 season, he conceded just 22 goals in 31 league matches as Club Brugge claimed the Belgian championship title; it was his first and only honour with the Belgian club. Butina also made two appearances in the 2004–05 UEFA Cup. The next season, he made 19 appearances in the First Division and featured in five 2005–06 UEFA Champions League group stage matches. Butina played his last match for Club Brugge on 15 February 2006 against Roma in a 2–1 defeat at Jan Breydel Stadium in the 2005–06 UEFA Cup.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 2849223, 3073112, 1509428, 3170309, 1890544, 1430677, 4333582, 3648093, 2537153, 2358, 3421248, 2677012 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 7, 19 ], [ 79, 93 ], [ 203, 217 ], [ 278, 299 ], [ 312, 326 ], [ 402, 422 ], [ 526, 542 ], [ 591, 605 ], [ 627, 656 ], [ 751, 755 ], [ 775, 794 ], [ 802, 818 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On 16 July, Butina was transferred to Olympiacos. He appeared only in two league matches in his two seasons with the club, conceding four goals. Following his two-year spell with the Greek club, Butina decided to sign for the reigning Croatian champions Dinamo Zagreb.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 1229550, 2192576, 11469544 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 38, 48 ], [ 74, 88 ], [ 235, 253 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On 23 May 2008, exactly 15 years following his debut for the Dinamo Zagreb first team, he signed a two-year deal with the Croatian club after previously being released from his contract with Olympiacos. In first season following his return, Butina made 24 league appearances, conceding 18 goals. He also featured in three 2008–09 UEFA Champions League qualifiers, four matches in UEFA Cup and six matches in Croatian Cup which Dinamo have won third time in a row.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 1684181, 11399628, 12450336, 1878567 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 159, 167 ], [ 322, 351 ], [ 380, 388 ], [ 408, 420 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Butina helped the club defend the league title the next season, featuring in 25 league matches. He also made ten appearances in European competitions and four more appearances in the 2009–10 Croatian Cup. On 17 August 2010, at the start of the 2010–11 season, Butina was released from his contract with Dinamo Zagreb along with his teammate Ante Tomić. He made a total of 50 league appearances for Dinamo Zagreb following his return, also winning four domestic trophies.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 22737105, 32332, 23963814, 28248721, 18281810 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 80, 94 ], [ 128, 149 ], [ 183, 203 ], [ 244, 258 ], [ 341, 351 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Butina made his debut for the Croatia under-21 team on 19 April 1994, playing the full 90 minutes in a friendly match against Slovakia which finished by a goalless draw. Butina won a total of 11 international caps for the under-21 team between April 1994 and October 1995. He also played for under-20 team on one occasion, in an exhibition match against Styria.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 3234497, 977090, 18147649, 11734356 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 30, 51 ], [ 103, 117 ], [ 126, 134 ], [ 354, 360 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Butina went on to make his full international debut for Croatia in their 2002 FIFA World Cup qualifier against San Marino on 5 September 2001 in Serravalle which Croatia won 4–0. Butina won a total of 28 international caps in almost five years of playing for the Croatian national football team. He made his last international appearance in Croatia's 1–0 defeat to Poland in a friendly match played on 3 June 2006 in Wolfsburg during the two teams' preparations for the 2006 FIFA World Cup tournament. It was his only international appearance in 2006.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 715240, 20018998, 654427, 2048309, 771860, 150228, 157233 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 56, 63 ], [ 73, 102 ], [ 111, 121 ], [ 145, 155 ], [ 365, 371 ], [ 417, 426 ], [ 470, 489 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Butina was called to take part in a 23-man squad at the 2002 FIFA World Cup final tournament by then manager Mirko Jozić and was issued the number 12 shirt. At the tournament, he remained an unused substitute in all of the team's three group matches, serving as the second-choice goalkeeper behind Stipe Pletikosa.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 52622, 5432493, 1447070 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 56, 75 ], [ 109, 120 ], [ 298, 313 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Despite not making any appearances for Croatia during the UEFA Euro 2004 qualifying, Butina went on to appear in all of their three group matches at the finals in Portugal after Pletikosa was forced to withdraw from the tournament due to an injury sustained in training a few days before the first match. He was again issued a number 12 shirt. In the group stage, Croatia maintained a goalless draw against Switzerland, a 2–2 draw against France, and a 4–2 loss in the final round of the group stage against England which saw the team being eliminated from the tournament.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 679447, 372770, 681862, 250197, 9904 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 58, 83 ], [ 153, 159 ], [ 407, 418 ], [ 439, 445 ], [ 508, 515 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Butina was able to keep his place as Croatia's first-choice goalkeeper during the 2006 World Cup qualifying and started eight out of ten matches, only being replaced by Pletikosa for the two matches that the team played in September 2005. Although Butina was part of Croatia's 23-man squad at the 2006 FIFA World Cup finals in Germany, he lost his place in the starting lineup to Pletikosa and remained an unused substitute in all of the team's three group matches. He announced his retirement from the national team a few weeks after the tournament, citing his desire to concentrate on club career and to spend more time with his family.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 1033640, 157233 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 82, 107 ], [ 297, 316 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Butina is married and a father of two children: Magdalena (born c. 2003) and Hrvoje (born 2009). Formerly a resident of Velika Gorica, in 2009 he moved with his family to the Šalata neighborhood in Zagreb. Butina currently he resides in Dubai with his family, working as a coach in Al-Nasr youth academy.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Personal life", "target_page_ids": [ 574044, 16053575, 211583, 1970705 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 120, 133 ], [ 175, 181 ], [ 237, 242 ], [ 282, 289 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Butina is well known as an art lover. He is interested mainly in modern Croatian art and owns a large collection of paintings, as well as an art gallery.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Personal life", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Source:", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Career statistics", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Samobor", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Croatian Second League (1): 1995–96 (West)", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 1735495 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 22 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Dinamo Zagreb", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Croatian Championship (6): 1997–98, 1998–99, 1999–2000, 2002–03, 2008–09, 2009–10", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 1510519, 16172152, 17573969, 17573974, 17573987, 17563103, 22737105 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 21 ], [ 27, 34 ], [ 36, 43 ], [ 45, 54 ], [ 56, 63 ], [ 65, 72 ], [ 74, 81 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Croatian Cup (4): 1997–98, 2000–01, 2001–02, 2008–09", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 1878567, 26929787, 26980100, 27019510, 18828647 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 12 ], [ 18, 25 ], [ 27, 34 ], [ 36, 43 ], [ 45, 52 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Croatian Supercup (1): 2010", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 2341821 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 17 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Club Brugge", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Belgian First Division (1): 2004–05", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 1430677, 1890544 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 22 ], [ 28, 35 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Belgian Supercup (1): 2005", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 1463332 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 16 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Olympiacos", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Superleague Greece (2): 2006–07, 2007–08", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 2192576, 6557264, 10946994 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 18 ], [ 24, 31 ], [ 33, 40 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Greek Cup (1): 2007–08", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 2399781, 12948397 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 9 ], [ 15, 22 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Greek Super Cup (1): 2007", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 4612814 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 15 ] ] } ]

[ "1974_births", "Living_people", "Footballers_from_Zagreb", "Association_football_goalkeepers", "Croatian_footballers", "Croatia_youth_international_footballers", "Croatia_under-21_international_footballers", "Croatia_international_footballers", "2002_FIFA_World_Cup_players", "2006_FIFA_World_Cup_players", "UEFA_Euro_2004_players", "GNK_Dinamo_Zagreb_players", "NK_Karlovac_players", "NK_Samobor_players", "NK_Slaven_Belupo_players", "Club_Brugge_KV_players", "Olympiacos_F.C._players", "Croatian_Football_League_players", "Belgian_First_Division_A_players", "Super_League_Greece_players", "Croatian_expatriate_footballers", "Expatriate_footballers_in_Belgium", "Croatian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Belgium", "Expatriate_footballers_in_Greece", "Croatian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Greece" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "Joseph Anthony Didulica (; born 14 October 1977) is an Australian-born Croatian former footballer who played as a goalkeeper. On 11 October 2011 he ended his career after ongoing neck and head complaints.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 10568, 5348091 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 87, 97 ], [ 114, 124 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Didulica was born in Geelong, Victoria to a Croatian father, Luka, and a Croatian-Australian mother, Mary. He also has an older brother, John and sister, Trish. His father emigrated to Australia from Poličnik, a village in northern Dalmatia, about 10 kilometres outside of Zadar.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 59033, 4689460, 3480109, 7541918, 47286, 292128 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 21, 28 ], [ 30, 38 ], [ 73, 92 ], [ 200, 208 ], [ 232, 240 ], [ 273, 278 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Didulica started to play football in the North Geelong Warriors. In 1996, he moved to the Melbourne Knights, a club whose team primarily consists of Australian Croats, and played for them until 1999. Then he transferred to Ajax Amsterdam, whence he was first loaned to Belgian side Germinal Beerschot for a couple of months in 2001 before eventually moving to Austria Vienna in 2003. After spending three seasons as a regular in goal for Austria Wien, Didulica returned to the Netherlands and was signed by AZ Alkmaar. He made seven Eredivisie appearances with the club before being forced to take a longer break following a brain concussion he sustained in a league match against PSV Eindhoven in October 2006 after being hit with the ball in his head from a shot by PSV's Australian international Jason Čulina.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 5139599, 2467014, 2273, 1437193, 895568, 2289, 1332105, 399231, 79820, 3298619 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 41, 63 ], [ 90, 107 ], [ 223, 237 ], [ 282, 300 ], [ 360, 374 ], [ 507, 517 ], [ 533, 543 ], [ 625, 641 ], [ 681, 694 ], [ 799, 811 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On 24 April 2006, an Austrian court sentenced Didulica to a fine of €60,000 on the count of physical injury resulting from negligence, for slamming Rapid Wien's Axel Lawaree at a Vienna derby in May 2005.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 9472, 656932, 20595513, 55866 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 68, 69 ], [ 148, 158 ], [ 161, 173 ], [ 179, 185 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In June 2007, Didulica successfully appealed the decision of the lower court to the High Court of Vienna. The original charges against Didulica were quashed and he was acquitted of everything, the Court ruling Didulica had played the ball, not acted unreasonably and did not intend to cause injury to the opponent.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "On 11 October 2011, Didulica announced his retirement from football due to his persistent neck and head injuries.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "In 2000, Didulica was selected to the Australian squad for the Sydney Olympics, but had to withdraw due to injury and never received an international cap for the Australian national team at A-level. In 2004, he decided to play for the country of his parents. According to Didulica, his decision was based on the fact that he had not been selected to represent Australia by then coach Frank Farina. Additionally, Australia had not qualified for a World Cup for around 30 years and he saw more opportunities for success with Croatia, who qualified for both World Cups they entered at the time.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 36334900, 4792249, 11464075 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 63, 78 ], [ 162, 186 ], [ 384, 396 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Didulica made his debut for the Croatian national team in a friendly match against Macedonia on 28 April 2004 in Skopje and was subsequently selected to be part of the Croatian team at the Euro 2004 finals, where he served as the second-choice goalkeeper without making an appearance. He was a member of the Croatian team in both the qualifying and finals of the 2006 World Cup, but did not play a single minute during the competitions as Tomislav Butina played eight of ten qualifiers and was replaced in the remaining two qualifiers by Stipe Pletikosa, who also played every minute in all three games at the finals. In more than two years of being part of the Croatian national team, Didulica only made four appearances in friendly matches, against Macedonia, Korea Republic, Hong Kong and Austria. Just a month after the end of the 2006 World Cup, Didulica announced his retirement from international football with an explanation that he wants to concentrate more on his club career.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 715240, 679799, 29618, 372770, 157233, 1447084, 1447070, 679799, 1018627, 1197359, 695226 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 32, 54 ], [ 83, 92 ], [ 113, 119 ], [ 189, 198 ], [ 363, 377 ], [ 439, 454 ], [ 538, 553 ], [ 751, 760 ], [ 762, 776 ], [ 778, 787 ], [ 792, 799 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Ajax", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Eredivisie: 2001–02", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 1332105, 17822235 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 11 ], [ 13, 20 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " KNVB Cup: 2001–02", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 1016465, 20015515 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 9 ], [ 11, 18 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Austria Wien", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Austrian Bundesliga: 2005–06", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 1946366, 17472421 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 20 ], [ 22, 29 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Austrian Cup: 2004–05, 2005–06", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 30864206, 39992402, 32711680 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 13 ], [ 15, 22 ], [ 24, 31 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "AZ", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Eredivisie: 2008–09", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 16808224 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 13, 20 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Johan Cruyff Shield: 2009", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 2206070, 23597205 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 20 ], [ 22, 26 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " AZ Alkmaar profile", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Oz Football profile", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "1977_births", "Living_people", "Sportspeople_from_Geelong", "Australian_people_of_Croatian_descent", "Australian_emigrants_to_Croatia", "Citizens_of_Croatia_through_descent", "Association_football_goalkeepers", "Australian_soccer_players", "Australia_under-23_international_soccer_players", "Croatian_footballers", "Croatia_international_footballers", "UEFA_Euro_2004_players", "2006_FIFA_World_Cup_players", "North_Geelong_Warriors_FC_players", "Melbourne_Knights_FC_players", "AFC_Ajax_players", "Beerschot_A.C._players", "FK_Austria_Wien_players", "AZ_Alkmaar_players", "National_Soccer_League_(Australia)_players", "Eredivisie_players", "Belgian_First_Division_A_players", "Austrian_Football_Bundesliga_players", "Croatian_expatriate_footballers", "Australian_expatriate_soccer_players", "Expatriate_footballers_in_the_Netherlands", "Australian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_the_Netherlands", "Croatian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_the_Netherlands", "Expatriate_footballers_in_Belgium", "Australian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Belgium", "Croatian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Belgium", "Expatriate_footballers_in_Austria", "Australian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Austria", "Croatian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Austria", "Melbourne_City_FC_non-playing_staff", "Association_football_goalkeeping_coaches" ]

[ "Joseph Anthony \"Joey\" Didulica" ]

[ { "plaintext": "Tora or TORA may refer to:", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Tora (given name), female given name", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "People", "target_page_ids": [ 22686597 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 18 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Tora (surname)", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "People", "target_page_ids": [ 39905829 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 15 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Tora people of Arabia and northern Africa", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "People", "target_page_ids": [ 34518435 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 12 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Torá language, an extinct language once spoken in Brazil", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "People", "target_page_ids": [ 35199765 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 14 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Tora, Benin, in Borgou Department", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Places", "target_page_ids": [ 2819886 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 17, 34 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Tora, Burkina Faso, a village", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Places", "target_page_ids": [ 17926363 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 19 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Torà, Catalonia, Spain, a town and municipality", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Places", "target_page_ids": [ 25259013 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 5 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Tora (river), Tuscany, Italy", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Places", "target_page_ids": [ 19342142 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 13 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Tora, Egypt, an ancient Egyptian quarry and modern town", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Places", "target_page_ids": [ 5593301 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 12 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Tura Prison", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Places", "target_page_ids": [ 41744040 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 12 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Tora (film), an Assamese children's film", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Entertainment", "target_page_ids": [ 25833791 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 12 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Tora San, the main character in the Japanese film series Otoko wa Tsurai yo", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Entertainment", "target_page_ids": [ 1095454 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 58, 76 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Tora, a character from the anime film Bardock - The Father of Goku", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Entertainment", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Tora, a main character in the manga Ushio and Tora", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Entertainment", "target_page_ids": [ 4243288 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 37, 51 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Ice (comics), also known as Tora Olafsdotter, a DC Comics superheroine", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Entertainment", "target_page_ids": [ 1627119 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 13 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Tora, a character in the NES version Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (arcade game)", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Entertainment", "target_page_ids": [ 48933627 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 38, 80 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " tora is a nopon party member in Xenoblade Chronicles 2", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Entertainment", "target_page_ids": [ 52857364 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 33, 55 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Tora (band), an Australian electronic group", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Music", "target_page_ids": [ 42299728 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 12 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Tora (Anna Vissi album), a 1988 album by Greek singer Anna Vissi", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Music", "target_page_ids": [ 9922775 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 24 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Tora (Chrispa album), a 2003 album by Greek singer Chrispa", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Music", "target_page_ids": [ 15945255 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 21 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " \"Tora\", a 2012 single by Greek singer Sakis Rouvas", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Music", "target_page_ids": [ 14058397 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 39, 51 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Temporally-ordered routing algorithm, for routing data across wireless mesh network or mobile ad hoc networks", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Computing", "target_page_ids": [ 1126592 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 37 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " TOra, a database administration and development tool", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Computing", "target_page_ids": [ 1943374 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 5 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Tora (moth), a genus of moths", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Other uses", "target_page_ids": [ 23645379 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 12 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Runway (takeoff run available), the length of runway declared available and suitable for the ground run of an airplane taking off", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Other uses", "target_page_ids": [ 165094 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 7 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Battle of Torà (1003), a victory of an alliance of Catalan counts over the Caliphate of Córdoba", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Other uses", "target_page_ids": [ 20205339 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 15 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Cyclone Oratia, called Tora in Norway, a 2000 European windstorm", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Other uses", "target_page_ids": [ 35122858 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 15 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Tola (disambiguation)", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 8868160 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 21 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Tora Tora Tora (disambiguation)", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 312478 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 32 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Tora Tora, a hard rock band formed in 1985", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 2979457 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 10 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " \"Tora! Tora!\", a song by rock band Van Halen from their 1980 album Women and Children First", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 543637 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 68, 92 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Torah, the Five Books of Moses", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 30343 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 6 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Tova (disambiguation)", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 62280782 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 21 ] ] } ]

[]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "Dario Šimić (; born 12 November 1975) is a Croatian former footballer. Šimić was a versatile defender who played as full-back, sweeper or centre back; a physical and hard-tackling defender, he was known in particular for his strength and ability in the air. A product of Dinamo Zagreb Academy, he later played for Serie A sides Inter Milan and A.C. Milan and Ligue 1 side Monaco, before returning to Dinamo Zagreb in 2010, where he retired from the game during the same year.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 10568, 649702, 649702, 649702, 649702, 27636305, 15496, 15116, 18940588, 1082929, 222981 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 59, 69 ], [ 93, 101 ], [ 116, 125 ], [ 127, 134 ], [ 138, 149 ], [ 271, 292 ], [ 314, 321 ], [ 328, 339 ], [ 344, 354 ], [ 359, 366 ], [ 372, 378 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Šimić played for Croatia national football team between 1996 and 2008. He retired from international football shortly after becoming the first Croatian player to win 100 international caps. He is currently the team's eighth most capped player. He was a member of Croatia's squad for each of the six major tournaments for which the team qualified during the 1990s and 2000s, which includes three FIFA World Cups (11 appearances in 1998, 2002 and 2006) and three UEFA European Championships (5 appearances in 1996, 2004 and 2008).", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 715240, 9568035, 11370, 126460, 52622, 157233, 249510, 555876, 372770, 662351 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 17, 47 ], [ 224, 242 ], [ 395, 409 ], [ 430, 434 ], [ 436, 440 ], [ 445, 449 ], [ 461, 487 ], [ 507, 511 ], [ 513, 517 ], [ 522, 526 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Šimić joined Dinamo Zagreb in 1987 at the age of twelve and rose through the ranks of their youth academy before being promoted to the senior squad for the 1992–93 season. His debut for the Blues came under manager Miroslav Blažević in the first match of the season, a Prva HNL away game against Varteks on 23 August 1992, which made him the youngest ever player to debut for the club as Šimić was only three months shy from his 17th birthday. He continued to make five more appearances in his first top-flight season and although was widely regarded as a promising player, he struggled to make a bigger impact in his first season with the squad which eventually won the Croatian title that year.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 34189153, 10096940, 1328434, 1510519, 37739107 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 13, 26 ], [ 156, 170 ], [ 215, 232 ], [ 269, 277 ], [ 296, 303 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "However, right from the beginning of the 1993–94 season he established himself as a first team regular and was one of the key players of the squad in one of the most successful periods in club's history. In the next six seasons Šimić helped the club win another four titles as well as four Croatian Cups. In this period Šimić also experienced his first taste of European football when Dinamo (known as Croatia Zagreb from 1992 to 2000) played Auxerre in a 1994–95 Cup Winners' Cup first round tie as he appeared a 3–1 home win at Maksimir on 29 September 1994. He regularly appeared in all of the club's European campaigns over the following four seasons and took part in some of the club's biggest achievements in recent times, such as reaching the 1997–98 UEFA Cup round of 16 (where they were knocked out by Atlético Madrid 2–1 on aggregate) and group stage of the 1998–99 Champions League (after knocking out Celtic 3–1 on aggregate in the second qualifying round).", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 11679475, 1878567, 990753, 5492806, 1846915, 4749165, 84197, 2981894, 69708 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 41, 55 ], [ 290, 302 ], [ 443, 450 ], [ 456, 480 ], [ 530, 538 ], [ 750, 766 ], [ 811, 826 ], [ 868, 892 ], [ 913, 919 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Other notable Dinamo players and Šimić's teammates from that era were Silvio Marić, Dražen Ladić, Igor Cvitanović, Mark Viduka and Robert Prosinečki, as well as Krunoslav Jurčić and Goran Jurić with whom he formed a solid defensive partnership. In his six and a half years with the club, Šimić earned a total of 140 league appearances and scored 14 goals.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 4865766, 1925263, 5946256, 404519, 727569, 5945982, 6954165 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 70, 82 ], [ 84, 96 ], [ 98, 113 ], [ 115, 126 ], [ 131, 148 ], [ 161, 177 ], [ 182, 193 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In the meantime Šimić's former coach at Dinamo, Miroslav Blažević, was appointed Croatia manager in 1994. In 1996, impressed by his string of good performances, Blažević called him up and, after playing 16 games for Croatia's youth teams, Šimić earned his first full international cap on 13 March 1996 in a friendly against South Korea, coming on as a substitute for Igor Štimac. Šimić quickly became a first team regular in the national team under Blažević, and went on to play in six 1998 FIFA World Cup qualifiers, as well as six matches at the final tournament itself in France, where Croatia eventually won third place.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 715240, 5945860, 126460 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 81, 88 ], [ 367, 378 ], [ 486, 505 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "His good performances at the 1998 World Cup and in the 1998–99 Champions League attracted attention from some of Europe's biggest clubs and he went on to join Internazionale in January 1999 for a fee of 11 million euros, which was at the time Dinamo's all-time transfer record (and to this day surpassed only by outgoing transfers of Vedran Ćorluka and Eduardo in 2007 and Luka Modrić in 2008).", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 15116, 6818192, 3168862, 3064199 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 159, 173 ], [ 334, 348 ], [ 353, 360 ], [ 373, 384 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Under coach Marcello Lippi, Šimić had his Serie A debut in a 2–0 win against Venezia at San Siro on 10 January 1999. By the end of his first season in Italy, Šimić earned a total of 17 appearances and scored 2 goals for Internazionale. In the following couple of seasons Šimić's services were regularly used, until the 2001–02 season, when he had only 12 league and 8 European appearances. and in June 2002 Internazionale and their cross-city rivals AC Milan agreed a player swap with Ümit Davala going in the opposite direction, which Šimić was valued €16.5 million, despite it was purely accounting purpose. In his three and a half years with Internazionale he earned a total of 66 league appearances and scored 3 goals. The club failed to win any silverware in this period, and their highest finish was fourth place in the 1999–2000 season, even though this was the time when some of football's biggest stars played there with Šimić, such as Roberto Baggio, Ronaldo, Ivan Zamorano, Diego Simeone and Christian Vieri.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 1606746, 15496, 30873379, 223259, 18940588, 2958391, 5495239, 25624, 66164, 543293, 1133034, 615887 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 12, 26 ], [ 42, 49 ], [ 77, 84 ], [ 88, 96 ], [ 451, 459 ], [ 486, 497 ], [ 827, 843 ], [ 946, 960 ], [ 962, 969 ], [ 971, 984 ], [ 986, 999 ], [ 1004, 1019 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "At A.C. Milan, Šimić was immediately made a member of the first-team squad under Carlo Ancelotti, who changed Šimić's playing position from centre back to right back in a four-men defensive line. His debut for AC Milan came in a 2002–03 Champions League third qualifying round away game against Slovan Liberec on 28 August 2002. Šimić went on to make 12 appearances for AC Milan in their run to the UEFA Champions League title in 2003, though he was omitted from both semi-final legs against Inter and the final match against Serie A rivals Juventus at Old Trafford. He made 29 Serie A appearances for AC Milan in his first season with the club, but in the following three seasons he never regained his place as a first-team regular, making only 27 league appearances over the three seasons. In May 2006, he signed a contract extension until 2009 with AC Milan, just weeks after openly criticising coach Carlo Ancelotti over lack of playing time.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 1142794, 3343595, 1650901, 5707084, 16415, 660592 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 81, 96 ], [ 229, 253 ], [ 295, 309 ], [ 506, 517 ], [ 541, 549 ], [ 553, 565 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "He was more or less able to regain his place as a regular with AC Milan in the Serie A in 2006–07, making 22 league appearances that season. However, his opportunities in the UEFA Champions League, won again by AC Milan that season, were limited as he only made six appearances (including two in the qualifying rounds) until the round of 16. The 2007–08 season saw him making only four Serie A appearances for the club. In his only UEFA Champions League appearance that season, against Celtic, he was member of the starting eleven but was forced to leave the pitch due to an injury after spending less than 30 minutes in the game.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 69708 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 486, 492 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In August 2008, Šimić moved to AS Monaco. He made his Ligue 1 debut on 23 August 2008 in Monaco's 1–1 draw at home to SM Caen, playing the entire match and assisting Frédéric Nimani for the opening goal. He went on to establish himself as a regular at the club, making a total of 26 league appearances before being sent off against Le Havre in April 2009. He lost his place as a regular in the team after that, making no appearances since Monaco's final league match of the 2008–09 season, a goalless draw at Paris Saint-Germain.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 222981, 1082929, 1256445, 17912496, 3658991, 357488 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 31, 40 ], [ 54, 61 ], [ 118, 125 ], [ 166, 181 ], [ 332, 340 ], [ 509, 528 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On 27 April 2010, Šimić returned to Dinamo Zagreb on a free transfer after having spent 11 years playing abroad. However, Šimić went on to announce his retirement from active football only three months later on 10 August 2010. During the short spell Šimić appeared in 3 competitive matches for the Blues, including the 2010 Croatian Supercup, and two European away matches against Koper and Sheriff Tiraspol, without ever appearing in the 2010–11 Prva HNL. In his announcement, Šimić said that he enrolled at the coaching academy and confirmed that his future plans involved staying in football, possibly as a manager.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 1684181, 2341821, 4762994, 830714, 27225944 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 55, 68 ], [ 324, 341 ], [ 381, 386 ], [ 391, 407 ], [ 439, 455 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Between 1993 and 1996, Šimić won a total of 17 international caps for the Croatian under-19 and under-21 national teams, scoring one goal for the under-21 team. He made his senior international debut on 13 March 1996 in a friendly match against the Korea Republic, coming on as a substitute for Igor Štimac in the final 20 minutes.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 3234497, 1018627, 5945860 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 96, 104 ], [ 249, 263 ], [ 295, 306 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Šimić only made one appearance for Croatia at the UEFA Euro 1996 finals in England. However, he established himself as a regular at the 1998 FIFA World Cup finals in France, where he appeared in six of Croatia's seven matches in their run to a third-place finish, only missing the third-place match with a yellow-card suspension.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 715240, 555876, 126460 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 35, 42 ], [ 50, 64 ], [ 136, 155 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "He made two appearances for Croatia at the 2002 FIFA World Cup finals and also featured in all of their three group matches at the UEFA Euro 2004 finals. Both these tournaments saw Croatia being eliminated in the group stage, just like the 2006 FIFA World Cup finals, where he appeared in all of Croatia's three matches. Winning his 82nd international cap in the team's second match at the latter tournament, against Japan on 18 June 2006 in Nuremberg, he dislodged Robert Jarni (81 caps) as the Croatian national team's all-time cap leader. In the final group match, a 2–2 draw against Australia, he was sent off five minutes from time after receiving his second yellow card.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 52622, 372770, 157233, 993546, 21287, 1433763, 4792249 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 43, 62 ], [ 131, 145 ], [ 240, 259 ], [ 417, 422 ], [ 442, 451 ], [ 466, 478 ], [ 587, 596 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Šimić also scored three goals for Croatia, with his final international goal coming in a friendly match against Argentina on 1 March 2006 in Basel, where he netted a last-minute goal to give Croatia a 3–2 victory. Alongside experienced Robert Kovač and Igor Tudor, he is considered one of the best Croatian defenders in recent history.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 454699, 4911, 1447099, 733314 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 112, 121 ], [ 141, 146 ], [ 236, 248 ], [ 253, 263 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Šimić came very close to completing the fairy tale and winning his 100th cap for Croatia at the finals of the UEFA Euro 2008. However, he missed the first two games of the tournament, unable to dislodge Vedran Ćorluka, Robert Kovač or Josip Šimunić from their berths in the first team. With a place in the quarter-finals secured after the first two games, Croatia coach Slaven Bilić gave many of his second-string players a chance to play in the final group match against Poland, with Šimić starting the match and captaining the side on the occasion of his 99th cap. Croatia went on to win the match 1–0, finishing the group stage with 3 wins in 3 matches. However, he was once again left an unused substitute in the quarter-finals against Turkey, which Croatia lost in penalty shootout.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 662351, 6818192, 1447099, 1447107, 4422831, 771860, 743577, 511302 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 110, 124 ], [ 203, 217 ], [ 219, 231 ], [ 235, 248 ], [ 370, 382 ], [ 472, 478 ], [ 740, 746 ], [ 770, 786 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On 20 August 2008, Šimić finally won his 100th international cap in a friendly match against Slovenia in Maribor, becoming the first Croatian player to win 100 international caps. He started the match and captained the team in the first half, before being replaced by debutant Ivica Križanac at half-time. Croatia won the match 3–2.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 1008145, 20670, 10255353 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 93, 101 ], [ 105, 112 ], [ 277, 291 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Šimić was subsequently also called up for Croatia's opening two qualifiers for the 2010 FIFA World Cup in early September 2008, at home to Kazakhstan and England, being an unused substitute in the former and completely left out of the latter. Following the 4–1 defeat to England, Croatia's first competitive defeat at home, rumours about Šimić being set to retire from international football appeared in the Croatian media. On 16 September 2008, it was eventually confirmed that Šimić has announced his retirement from international football after being a Croatian international for years.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 168079, 1012044, 9904 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 83, 102 ], [ 139, 149 ], [ 154, 161 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Šimić is a devout Catholic and organizes pilgrimages. He is the owner of Aquaviva company. He married Jelena Medić in 2000 with whom he has sons Roko, Viktor, Nikolas and David, the latter of whom has Down syndrome.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Personal life", "target_page_ids": [ 1801795, 23763, 65277134, 8303 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 18, 26 ], [ 41, 52 ], [ 145, 149 ], [ 201, 214 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "He is the older brother of Josip Šimić and a distant relative of Herzegovinian hajduk Andrijica Šimić.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Personal life", "target_page_ids": [ 10935583, 21105835, 425345, 2206359 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 27, 38 ], [ 65, 78 ], [ 79, 85 ], [ 86, 101 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Source:", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Career statistics", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Dinamo Zagreb", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Croatian First League (5): 1992–93, 1995–96, 1996–97, 1997–98, 1998–99", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 1510519, 10096940, 11822241, 15474883, 16172152, 17573969 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 22 ], [ 28, 35 ], [ 37, 44 ], [ 46, 53 ], [ 55, 62 ], [ 64, 71 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Croatian Football Cup: 1993–94, 1995–96, 1996–97, 1997–98", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 1878567, 26913707, 26922851, 26926236, 26929787 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 22 ], [ 24, 31 ], [ 33, 40 ], [ 42, 49 ], [ 51, 58 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Croatian Super Cup: 2010", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 2341821 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 19 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Milan", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Serie A: 2003–04", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 15496, 3596266 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 8 ], [ 10, 17 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Coppa Italia: 2003", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 1281200, 12502249 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 13 ], [ 15, 19 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Supercoppa Italiana: 2004", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 3035684, 17887815 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 20 ], [ 22, 26 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " UEFA Champions League: 2002–03, 2006–07", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 44220, 3343595, 4662133 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 22 ], [ 24, 31 ], [ 33, 40 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " UEFA Super Cup: 2003", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 337009, 13040425 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 15 ], [ 17, 21 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " FIFA Club World Cup: 2007", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 1248592, 8454634 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 20 ], [ 22, 26 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Croatia", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " FIFA World Cup Third place – Bronze medal: 1998", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 11370, 126460 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 15 ], [ 44, 48 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Croatian Football Hope of the Year: 1995", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 31027630 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 35 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Order of the Croatian Interlace – 1998", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 27546610 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 32 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "List of footballers with 100 or more caps", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 10205078 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 41 ] ] } ]

[ "1975_births", "Living_people", "Croatian_footballers", "Croatia_international_footballers", "Croatia_under-21_international_footballers", "Croatia_youth_international_footballers", "Croatian_expatriate_footballers", "Inter_Milan_players", "A.C._Milan_players", "GNK_Dinamo_Zagreb_players", "AS_Monaco_FC_players", "UEFA_Euro_1996_players", "1998_FIFA_World_Cup_players", "2002_FIFA_World_Cup_players", "UEFA_Euro_2004_players", "2006_FIFA_World_Cup_players", "UEFA_Euro_2008_players", "Serie_A_players", "Expatriate_footballers_in_Italy", "Expatriate_footballers_in_Monaco", "Sportspeople_from_Zagreb", "Croatian_Football_League_players", "Ligue_1_players", "FIFA_Century_Club", "Association_football_defenders", "UEFA_Champions_League_winning_players" ]

[ "Dario Šimic", "Dario Simic" ]

[ { "plaintext": "Kerry Fraser (born May 30, 1952) is a hockey analyst, broadcaster and former senior referee in the National Hockey League. During his career, he called 1,904 regular season games, 12 Stanley Cup Finals, and over 261 Stanley Cup playoff games.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 1272618, 21809, 690345, 3314237, 10490910 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 84, 91 ], [ 99, 121 ], [ 158, 172 ], [ 183, 201 ], [ 216, 235 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Fraser joined the National Hockey League Officials Association on September 1, 1973, and officiated his first game in the 1980–81 season. Beginning in the 1994–95 season, he wore uniform number 2. He would continue to wear this number until his retirement from officiating. He was also one of the last three NHL officials covered by the grandfather clause that allowed him to go without a helmet, thus allowing his signature bouffant hairstyle to be seen.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Career", "target_page_ids": [ 2386421, 1882030, 293951, 568175, 2884907 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 122, 136 ], [ 155, 169 ], [ 337, 355 ], [ 389, 395 ], [ 425, 433 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In 1993, Fraser did not give Wayne Gretzky a five minute major for a high stick on the Maple Leafs' Doug Gilmour in game 6 of the Campbell Conference Final. With Gilmour off the ice getting stitches for the resulting wound, Gretzky scored the game winning goal and the Kings won game 7.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Career", "target_page_ids": [ 33422, 70155, 207480 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 29, 42 ], [ 87, 98 ], [ 100, 112 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Fraser officiated at the 1996 World Cup of Hockey and the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano, Japan, which was the first Olympic tournament to feature NHL participation.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Career", "target_page_ids": [ 943802, 113189, 6792932 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 25, 49 ], [ 58, 78 ], [ 82, 95 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Fraser missed the beginning of the 2006–07 season while recovering from an incident in September 2006. He was helping his daughter move and was carrying a television down the steps when he lost his footing; his big toe was shattered. Before returning to referee NHL games, Fraser officiated some AHL games alongside his son, Ryan. In November 2006, TSN's James Duthie, along with Kerry Fraser, created a short mock interview/documentary claiming that Fraser missed the start of the season because he was afraid that wearing a helmet would mess up his hair. Fraser's first game back with the NHL was a game between the Tampa Bay Lightning and Boston Bruins on November 30, 2006. Fraser has the odd rarity of calling games in Atlanta for both the Atlanta Flames and the Atlanta Thrashers, in the OMNI and Philips Arena.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Career", "target_page_ids": [ 1678978, 207085, 354723, 5228991, 73124, 69523 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 35, 49 ], [ 296, 299 ], [ 349, 352 ], [ 355, 367 ], [ 618, 637 ], [ 642, 655 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Fraser retired from officiating after the NHL's 2009–10 season, working his last game on April 11, 2010, in Philadelphia as the Philadelphia Flyers hosted the New York Rangers at the Wachovia Center, which is the closest NHL arena to his residence in New Jersey. Also during the season, he worked a number of important games as the league's most senior referee, including the 2010 Winter Classic.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Career", "target_page_ids": [ 21609435, 66941, 66881, 753781, 21648, 21119034 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 42, 62 ], [ 128, 147 ], [ 159, 175 ], [ 183, 198 ], [ 251, 261 ], [ 376, 395 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Fraser continues his involvement in the NHL community by participating in a TSN.ca blog named \"C'Mon Ref!\" where he applies his NHL referee experience to controversial calls in current NHL games. Fraser also serves as analyst on TSN's hockey highlight show, That's Hockey 2Nite.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Broadcasting", "target_page_ids": [ 354723, 5460595 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 229, 232 ], [ 258, 277 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "At just tall, Fraser says that his height contributed to his longevity in the league by forcing him to \"develop techniques to ... avoid being hit\" Fraser's father, Hilton \"Hilt\" Fraser, was a huge influence on his son's career having him skating at 15 months old, chasing pucks at 11, and refereeing by age 15.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Personal life", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "In 1995, Fraser was received into the Roman Catholic Church.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Personal life", "target_page_ids": [ 606848 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 38, 59 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On November 3, 2017, it was announced via NHL.com that Fraser has been diagnosed with a rare, incurable blood disorder called essential thrombocythemia.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Personal life", "target_page_ids": [ 892865 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 126, 151 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Fraser currently holds the record for most NHL regular season games refereed, although he was second to Bill McCreary in playoff games refereed. He was voted the \"most consistent\" referee in a December 2005 poll of NHL players by The Hockey News.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Awards and accolades", "target_page_ids": [ 6595974 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 104, 117 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Fraser was awarded the 2007 Special Achievement Award by the Philadelphia Sports Writers Association. In 2009, Fraser was named to the Ontario Minor Hockey Association's All-Time team as a referee. A banner was raised at the home arena of the Ontario Hockey League's Sarnia Sting in his hometown to mark the honour.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Awards and accolades", "target_page_ids": [ 218742, 1034543 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 243, 264 ], [ 267, 279 ] ] } ]

[ "1952_births", "Living_people", "National_Hockey_League_officials", "Sportspeople_from_Sarnia", "Converts_to_Roman_Catholicism", "Canadian_Roman_Catholics" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "ORP Generał Kazimierz Pułaski is one of two Oliver Hazard Perry-class guided-missile frigates of the Polish Navy. Formerly serving in the United States Navy as the USS Clark (FFG-11), after her transfer to Poland she was named for Kazimierz Pułaski, who fought in both the War of the Bar Confederation in Poland and later the American Revolutionary War. As the USS Clark, she was the US Navy's fifth ship of the Oliver Hazard Perry class, and was named for Admiral Joseph James \"Jocko\" Clark (1893–1971). The ship is propelled by two General Electric LM-2500 gas turbines and two 350 horsepower (261kW) electric drive auxiliary propulsion units. The Gen K. Pułaski is currently homeported at Gdynia (Oksywie).", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 22703, 30876057, 20518076, 85768, 345887, 771, 1692735, 12730, 30848, 12665, 3889928 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 44, 69 ], [ 101, 112 ], [ 138, 156 ], [ 231, 248 ], [ 273, 301 ], [ 326, 352 ], [ 465, 491 ], [ 534, 550 ], [ 563, 571 ], [ 692, 698 ], [ 700, 707 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Ordered by the US Navy from Bath Iron Works on 27 February 1976 as part of the FY76 program, the USS Clark was laid down on 17 July 1978, launched on 24 March 1979, and commissioned on 9 May 1980. She was the second US Navy ship commissioned as the USS Clark. The ship sponsor was Mrs. Olga Clark, the widow of the ship's namesake.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 213636, 22105778, 57178908 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 28, 43 ], [ 264, 276 ], [ 286, 296 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In July 1982, Clark recovered three sailors that were washed overboard from the aircraft carrier in the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Spain. A fourth sailor was not recovered and was lost at sea.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 2219 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 80, 96 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In December 1992, Clark was nearby when the crew of an F-14 was forced to eject during training operations off the coast of Virginia. Clarks helicopter rescued the radar intercept officer and a United States Coast Guard helicopter rescued the pilot.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 11719, 32223 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 55, 59 ], [ 194, 219 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In April 1994, Clark changed homeports from Newport, Rhode Island, to Norfolk, Virginia. The ship had previously been homeported in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania from the mid-1980s to 1992 and Mayport, Florida before that.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 73352, 57898, 554869 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 44, 65 ], [ 70, 87 ], [ 190, 206 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Decommissioned and stricken from the US Navy list on 15 March 2000, she was transferred to the Polish Navy that same day.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 30876057 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 95, 106 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The ship was commissioned the ORP Generał Kazimierz Pułaski (after Kazimierz Pułaski) on 25 June 2000, at a ceremony attended by US Secretary of State Madeleine Albright. Commander Marian Ambroziak was the first Polish Commanding Officer. Since her transfer to Poland, the Gen K. Pułaski has participated in numerous NATO exercises in the Baltic Sea.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 85768, 133249, 21133, 3335 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 67, 84 ], [ 151, 169 ], [ 317, 321 ], [ 339, 349 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The USS Clark and her crew received the following unit awards, according to the US Navy unit awards website:", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Awards as the USS Clark", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Humanitarian Service Medal for the evacuation of Lebanon, 23 to 25 June 1982", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Awards as the USS Clark", "target_page_ids": [ 795364, 17771 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 27 ], [ 50, 57 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Armed Forces Expeditionary Medal for Lebanon from 11 December 1983 to 21 January 1984", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Awards as the USS Clark", "target_page_ids": [ 859307 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 33 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " US Coast Guard Unit Commendation, 31 October 1984 to 31 December 1984", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Awards as the USS Clark", "target_page_ids": [ 866190 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 4, 33 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Meritorious Unit Commendation, 1 February 1984 to 21 April 1984", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Awards as the USS Clark", "target_page_ids": [ 518784 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 30 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " US Coast Guard Special Operations Service Ribbon, three awards, for April to June 1989, July to September 1989 and 19 January 1990 to 24 February 1990.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Awards as the USS Clark", "target_page_ids": [ 966784 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 16, 49 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Navy E Ribbon, two awards, for the years of 1992 and 1995", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Awards as the USS Clark", "target_page_ids": [ 750310 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 14 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Joint Meritorious Unit Award for the year of 1997.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Awards as the USS Clark", "target_page_ids": [ 751111 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 29 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "USS Clark was also nominated for the United States Public Health Service Outstanding Unit Citation for operations from 24 June 1994 to 12 July 1994, but did not receive the award. The ship was reported near Haiti in mid-July 1994 around the time many refugees were fleeing Haiti in small boats.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Awards as the USS Clark", "target_page_ids": [ 224130, 45547 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 37, 72 ], [ 251, 259 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " USS Pulaski and USS Clark for US Navy ships of a similar name.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 1444741, 436430, 20518076 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 12 ], [ 17, 26 ], [ 31, 38 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " NavySite.de", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Polish Navy official site about Perry class in English", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Polish Navy official web about ORP Pulaski in Polish", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Navsource.org – USS Clark (FFG-11)", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " MaritimeQuest USS Clark FFG-11 pages", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "1979_ships", "Oliver_Hazard_Perry-class_frigates_of_the_Polish_Navy", "Monuments_and_memorials_to_Casimir_Pulaski", "Ships_built_in_Bath,_Maine", "Oliver_Hazard_Perry-class_frigates_of_the_United_States_Navy" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "Robert Kovač (; born 6 April 1974) is a Croatian professional football manager and former player who played as a centre-back. He was known for his ability with the ball and skill at dispossessing opponents. His older brother is football manager and former player Niko.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 10568, 5468399, 649702, 742397 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 62, 70 ], [ 71, 78 ], [ 113, 124 ], [ 263, 267 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Kovač started his career in lower league clubs Rapide Wedding and Hertha Zehlendorf before making his Bundesliga debut with 1. FC Nürnberg in 1995. Regularly featuring in the first–eleven, Kovač attracted much attention to himself and was signed at the end of the season by Leverkusen.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 20232973, 1070941, 502005 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 66, 83 ], [ 124, 138 ], [ 274, 284 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "He spent the next five seasons in Leverkusen without any significant success, as the club did not win any trophy during that period, although they were three times Bundesliga runners–up.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 686142 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 164, 174 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "After his contract expired he went to join reigning champions of 2000–01 season and UEFA Champions League title holders, Bayern Munich. In four seasons with Bayern he won two Bundesliga titles, two German Cup titles and the 2001 Intercontinental Cup.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 1635233, 44220, 172326, 675126, 19888213 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 65, 72 ], [ 84, 105 ], [ 121, 134 ], [ 198, 208 ], [ 224, 249 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On 15 July 2005, he signed for Juventus. He was one of the few first–team players that decided to stay in Juve following its demotion to Serie B. He made a total of 35 appearances and scored one goal before he moved back to Germany, this time for Borussia Dortmund.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 16415, 517788, 331715 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 31, 39 ], [ 137, 144 ], [ 247, 264 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On 1 August 2007, he signed for Borussia Dortmund, alongside another Croatian national team star, Mladen Petrić, who signed for the club two months earlier. Kovač had an unsuccessful comeback to the Bundesliga and was sold to Dinamo Zagreb at the winter transfer window of 2008–09 season.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 5679535, 34189153 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 98, 111 ], [ 226, 239 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On 29 January 2009, close to the January transfer window deadline, he signed 1 and a half year contract with Croatian champions Dinamo Zagreb. The club previously tried to sign him in the summer of 2007, but failed to meet his demands. Borussia Dortmund were compensated with €450,000. In his debut season Kovač made 12 appearances in the league and two more in Croatian Cup. He started the 2009–10 season with a foot injury and missed all of Dinamo's matches in July and August, but returned to action at the start of the September. Kovač finished the season with a total of 22 appearances for Dinamo in all competitions, before it was officially announced on 1 June 2010 that he retired from active football.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 1510519, 1878567, 23264770 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 109, 127 ], [ 363, 375 ], [ 392, 399 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Kovač represented Croatia in two World Cups, 2002 and 2006, and has also participated at two European Championships, 2004 and 2008. At World Cup 2006 he played well in defence, however after picking up a second yellow against Japan he missed the final group match against Australia through suspension. Without Kovač, Croatia struggled in defence with his replacement Tomas committing handball for Australia's first goal via penalty kick. Croatia eventually drew 2–2 with Australia but were eliminated from the tournament. With Croatia, Leverkusen, and Bayern, Kovač was teammates with his older brother Niko Kovač. He retired from the national team in the fall of 2009, having captained the team after his brother's retirement in 2008.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 715240, 52622, 157233, 372770, 662351, 742397 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 18, 25 ], [ 45, 49 ], [ 54, 58 ], [ 117, 121 ], [ 126, 130 ], [ 603, 613 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On 21 January 2013, Igor Štimac, the head coach of the Croatia national football team, announced that Kovač, alongside his older brother Niko, would take over as the Croatia national under-21 football team head coach. From October 2013 until September 2015, he was also an assistant manager to his brother, then the head coach of the Croatia senior team.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Coaching career", "target_page_ids": [ 5945860, 715240, 742397, 3234497 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 20, 31 ], [ 55, 85 ], [ 137, 141 ], [ 166, 205 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On 1 July 2018, he became the assistant manager of Bayern Munich. Robert's older brother, Niko, brought Robert with him to Bayern when he took over as the manager of the club. On 3 November 2019, he and his older brother parted ways with the club.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Coaching career", "target_page_ids": [ 172326 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 51, 64 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In July 2020, Kovač joined AS Monaco as assistant coach, with Niko serving as manager.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Coaching career", "target_page_ids": [ 222981 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 27, 36 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Kovač, along with his older brother Niko, was born in Berlin to a family of Bosnian Croat immigrants from Livno. He is married to a former Croatian model and Miss World 1995 first runner-up, Anica Kovač.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Personal life", "target_page_ids": [ 742397, 3354, 4599312, 1671693, 6893185, 12504640 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 36, 40 ], [ 54, 60 ], [ 90, 100 ], [ 106, 111 ], [ 158, 173 ], [ 191, 202 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Bayern Munich", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Bundesliga: 2002–03, 2004–05", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 686142, 1635058, 1927761 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 11 ], [ 13, 20 ], [ 22, 29 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " DFB-Pokal: 2002–03, 2004–05", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 675126, 9672216, 9637318 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 10 ], [ 12, 19 ], [ 21, 28 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Intercontinental Cup: 2001", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 509620, 19888213 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 21 ], [ 23, 27 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Juventus", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Serie B: 2006–07", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 517788, 6894189 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 8 ], [ 10, 17 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Dinamo Zagreb", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Prva HNL: 2008–09", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 1510519, 17563103 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 9 ], [ 11, 18 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Croatian Cup: 2008–09", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 1878567, 18828647 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 13 ], [ 15, 22 ] ] } ]

[ "Croatian_footballers", "Croatian_expatriate_footballers", "Croatia_international_footballers", "2002_FIFA_World_Cup_players", "2006_FIFA_World_Cup_players", "UEFA_Euro_2004_players", "UEFA_Euro_2008_players", "1._FC_Nürnberg_players", "Bayer_04_Leverkusen_players", "FC_Bayern_Munich_footballers", "Juventus_F.C._players", "Borussia_Dortmund_players", "GNK_Dinamo_Zagreb_players", "Bundesliga_players", "2._Bundesliga_players", "Serie_A_players", "Serie_B_players", "Croatian_Football_League_players", "Expatriate_footballers_in_Italy", "Expatriate_footballers_in_Germany", "Association_football_defenders", "Footballers_from_Berlin", "Croatian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Germany", "1974_births", "Living_people", "German_people_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_descent", "German_people_of_Croatian_descent" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "Wristbands are encircling strips worn on the wrist or lower forearm. The term can be used to refer to a bracelet-like band, similar to that of a wristwatch, to the cuff or other part of a sleeve that covers the wrist, or decorative or functional bands worn on the wrist for many different reasons. Wristbands are often worn and used similarly to event passes such as lanyards to information or allow people entry to events. These wristbands are made from loops of plastic that are placed around the wrist and are used for identification purposes (demonstrating the wearer's authorization to be at a venue, for example).", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 253541, 60883, 2952247, 1865451, 632196, 26145195, 234901, 2409546 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 105, 113 ], [ 146, 156 ], [ 165, 169 ], [ 189, 195 ], [ 368, 375 ], [ 465, 472 ], [ 500, 505 ], [ 600, 605 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Another type of wristband is the sweatband; usually made of a towel-like terrycloth material. These are usually used to wipe sweat from the forehead during sport but have been known to be used as a badge or fashion statement. A practice common in mid-1980s punk subculture was to cut the top off of a sock and fashion the elastic into this type of wristband.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 2624624, 3982848, 11657, 24589, 18985156, 842224 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 33, 42 ], [ 73, 83 ], [ 207, 224 ], [ 257, 272 ], [ 301, 305 ], [ 322, 329 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In the early-to-mid-2000s (decade), bracelets often made of silicone became popular. They are worn to demonstrate the wearer's support of a cause or charitable organization, similar to awareness ribbons. Such wristbands are sometimes called awareness bracelets to distinguish them from other types of wristbands. In early 2007 they became an increasingly popular item being sold as merchandise at concerts & sporting events worldwide. The wristbands bearing official logos or trademarks enabled the seller to offer a low price point merchandise option to fans. Silicone wristbands may also be called gel wristbands, jelly wristbands, rubber wristbands and fundraising wristbands. All of these wristbands are made from the same silicone material.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Silicone wristbands", "target_page_ids": [ 65827, 234984, 1176679, 1254607, 3502451 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 60, 68 ], [ 140, 145 ], [ 149, 172 ], [ 185, 201 ], [ 241, 260 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "UV Ultra Violet Sensitive silicone wristbands appear clear/white when out of UV light, but when exposed to ultra violet light such as sunlight the wristbands' color changes to blue or fuchsia. These bands can be used as reminders for people to apply sunscreen or stay in the shade on hot summer days.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "UV ultra violet wristbands", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Hospital wristbands are a commonly used safety device for identifying patients undergoing medical care (see patient safety and medical identification tag). Available in a variety of sizes to accommodate patients as small as newborns and as large as obese adults, hospital wristbands can be handwritten, embossed, laser-printed or thermal-imaged with names, pictures, medical record numbers, barcodes and other personal identifiers.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Hospital wristbands", "target_page_ids": [ 5780856, 778440 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 108, 122 ], [ 127, 153 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Laser printing and thermal imaging—the most advanced technologies for personalizing hospital wristbands—support fonts, colors and barcodes for improved patient safety through electronic patient and medication tracking. Handwritten and embossed wristbands remain in widespread use, however, despite findings on compromised safety reported in 2007. The National Patient Safety Agency (NPSA) found that as many as 2,900 patients each year were receiving the wrong medical care because of the hospital staff's inability to read damaged or otherwise illegible patient information on handwritten and embossed wristbands.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Hospital wristbands", "target_page_ids": [ 5780856, 9864732 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 152, 166 ], [ 351, 381 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Colored wristbands are often given to people attending events such as music festivals and gigs as an access control measure. Counterfeit wristbands are increasingly common.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Event wristbands", "target_page_ids": [ 7504750, 40684 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 70, 84 ], [ 101, 115 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Silicone cristbands (some times referred to as gel bracelets) are popular for fundraising or showing support for a cause. An event organizer might create a custom wristband to give out or sell to those interested in an event or supporting a cause.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Event wristbands", "target_page_ids": [ 3502451 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 47, 59 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Some people keep the wristbands as souvenirs or wear the wristbands after the event to show what events they went to.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Event wristbands", "target_page_ids": [ 937531 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 35, 43 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Further uses for the wristband in event ticketing at music festivals and sporting events may include an NFC (near field communication) chip that would allow contactless payment at the concessions and turnstiles. Wristbands are ideal to use for dark environments such as night clubs and bars or outdoor venues where patrons can be afar such as festivals and theme parks. ", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Event wristbands", "target_page_ids": [ 397763, 6863064 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 109, 133 ], [ 157, 176 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In addition these styles of colored wristbands are used with the above listed hospital patient bands to serve as an extra safety reminder and alert for Allergies. They will have a standard color and will have written labeling such as \"Fall Risks\" (which may come from medical conditions, injuries and/or medications used with the possibility of all of the above causing the increased safety risk warning), \"Allergies\" (to cover allergic reactions to vast to list per band type risks), \"Latex Allergies\" (to make sure medical safety gloves are not made of latex which is an immediate risk more than other allergies), amongst several other important cautions that would protect the patient by preventing iatrogenic mistakes, reducing additional medical complications.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Event wristbands", "target_page_ids": [ 55313, 24008546 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 152, 161 ], [ 702, 712 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Bracelet", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 253541 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 9 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Diving watch", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 8933776 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 13 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Power Balance", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 30102548 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 14 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Smart band", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 40708405 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 11 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Smartwatch", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 28825877 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 11 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Wrist brace", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 39480859 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 12 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Muñequera", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "References", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "2000s_fashion", "Bracelets", "Symbols" ]

[ "wrist band" ]

[ { "plaintext": "Days of Magic, Nights of War (2004) is the second book in a series of five by author Clive Barker, called The Books of Abarat. This volume contains the adventures of Candy Quackenbush an ordinary girl from Minnesota, in the strange fantasy world of Abarat. Abarat: Days of Magic, Nights of War is followed by, Absolute Midnight, which will be followed by a fourth and fifth book to complete the saga. The book tied with Steve Burt's Oddest Yet for the 2004 Bram Stoker Award for Best Work for Young Readers.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 7573, 28505926, 5895303, 19590, 3724832, 425665 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 85, 97 ], [ 106, 125 ], [ 166, 183 ], [ 206, 215 ], [ 310, 327 ], [ 457, 506 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The entire book is spread out over eight weeks of time, compared to the two or three in Book 1, titled simply Abarat. The book picks up several weeks after the original had left off; weeks wherein Candy Quackenbush and Malingo the Geshrat (a character introduced in the first book) have traveled from Hour to Hour to evade the bounty hunter Otto Houlihan. Christopher Carrion's whereabouts are revealed only in the second quarter of the book, wherein he plots with the Sacbrood in the Pyramids of Xuxux. Sacbrood are terrifying insects of all shapes and sizes which Christopher Carrion has been breeding in order to help him create Absolute Midnight. Under the cover produced by the Sacbrood, he expects, the destroyers called the Requiax will emerge from under the Sea of Izabella (which surrounds the Abarat) and annihilate everything they see, giving Carrion the opportunity to re-organize the world according to his will.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Plot summary", "target_page_ids": [ 797326, 5895303, 251386, 797326 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 110, 116 ], [ 197, 214 ], [ 327, 340 ], [ 566, 585 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Candy begins to develop powers of great magic, with which she frees the mysterious beings called Totemix from their imprisonment in the Twilight Palace on the island of Scoriae. Malingo, separated from her on the carnival island of Babilonium, joins with others of Candy's acquaintance to form a force of resistance against the armies of Midnight. Candy is eventually captured by Letheo, the lizard-boy servant of Christopher Carrion, and taken to the island Efreet.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Plot summary", "target_page_ids": [ 38483, 451627 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 213, 221 ], [ 459, 465 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The enchantress Diamanda, having died of an encounter with a monster, travels as a ghost to the human world, where she finds her also ghostly husband Henry and with him works to prepare Candy's home town for the flood resulting from its imminent meeting with the Abarat. When this meeting occurs, Henry's opening of the factory farm which is the town's only industrial outlet is used as a comment on the variety-deprived lives of chickens raised in such factories.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Plot summary", "target_page_ids": [ 65071, 12514, 50482, 11469677 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 61, 68 ], [ 83, 88 ], [ 212, 217 ], [ 320, 332 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "This book introduces readers to new characters including Finnegan Hob, the would-be husband of Princess Boa, who is discovered by other characters in search of himself. Having persuaded him to give up his vendetta against the Abaratian dragons, whom he blames for his fianceé's death, the seekers travel to Efreet, where Candy is held prisoner by Christopher Carrion. They rescue Candy and at her request return her to the human world, where she intends to hide from the Abarat's perils. The two worlds meet in a dramatic climax, wherein it is revealed by the magician Kaspar Wolfswinkel that Princess Boa's soul is contained within Candy's body, having been placed there by the Fantomaya in obedience to the belief that Princess Boa, or her reincarnation, could halt the Abarat's progressive degradation and revitalize the Abarat as a whole. Christopher Carrion clashes with his grandmother Mater Motley, having learned that she had concealed Candy's dual nature from him, and is severely wounded in the process (whether he dies or not is unclear).", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Plot summary", "target_page_ids": [ 292136, 8531, 353663, 28297, 54176, 25806, 21830 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 205, 213 ], [ 236, 242 ], [ 522, 528 ], [ 608, 612 ], [ 641, 645 ], [ 742, 755 ], [ 957, 963 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Candy and most of the major characters return to the Abarat when it is withdrawn from the human world. There, Mater Motley assumes control of Gorgossium Island, where she executes all of Christopher Carrion's living supporters. The remains of Kaspar Wolfswinkel's six hats, the source of his power, are left in the human world.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Plot summary", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " The Beautiful Moment - The Official Clive Barker Website for All Ages - Official site celebrating the work of Clive Barker for younger readers - features Abarat and The Thief of Always.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Revelations - The Official Clive Barker Online Resource - Includes a full bibliography, filmography and frequently updated news.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "2004_British_novels", "2004_fantasy_novels", "Novels_by_Clive_Barker", "Young_adult_fantasy_novels", "British_young_adult_novels", "Abarat", "HarperCollins_books", "Bram_Stoker_Award_for_Best_Work_for_Young_Readers_winners" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "Dakor is a small city and a municipality in Kheda district in the state of Gujarat, India. It is prominent for its grand temple of Shree Ranchhodraiji.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 19038, 3124146, 53707, 42154 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 28, 40 ], [ 44, 58 ], [ 75, 82 ], [ 137, 150 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Dakor, in its earlier phases as pilgrimage center in Gujarat, was famous for the Danknath temple, a place of shiva worship. In the later phases it developed into a Vaishnavite center with the growing fame of Ranchhodraiji [form of Lord Shri Krishna] temple, which was built in 1772 A.D. Today this place is known not only as a pilgrimage center but also a trading center where one can get the articles related to puja, and other rituals. Recently, Dakor is included in one of the six major pilgrimage places under \"Yatradham Vikas Board\" by Government of Gujarat for development as a well-planned and well-organised pilgrimage place to facilitate the lacs and lacs of visiting pilgrims. More than 70–80 lacs of pilgrims visit the place every year and a continuous increase is witnessed every year.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Legends; History; Temple architecture", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Temple Information [ranchhodraiji.org]", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Legends; History; Temple architecture", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Over the years, much has changed at Dakor. From a small village of Dankapur, it has now transformed itself into a major center of religious and commercial activity in the region. The small shrine of the original temple is now encased in a large temple complex, which has grown up around it. The current temple complex is set in a large square setting. Four gates pierce the outer walls at the cardinal points. Various offices and storerooms are set around the outer perimeter of the temple. The actual temple is set on a high platform in a complex, set in the style of medieval temples from the region.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Legends; History; Temple architecture", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The form of Lord Ranchhodrai is that of the Lord Vishnu with four arms. As is usual with Lord Vishnu, he bears the conch, lotus, discus and the mace in his hands. The lower right arm is held up in the abhaya mudra - giving protection to all those who come to Him. There may be a lotus imprinted on the hand, but it is impossible to confirm that without getting really close to the Lord. As the Lord here is worshipped more as Krishna than Dwarkadhish, i.e. younger and freer than the mature Lord of Dwaraka, His right hand is often shown to hold a flute – a favorite instrument of the Lord in His younger days. The upper right hand holds the mace, the upper left hand holds the discus and the lower left hand holds the conch. Ordinarily, it is difficult to see these \"ayudhas\" of the Lord in His hands. During festivals, the hands encased in gloves of gold studded with gems.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Legends; History; Temple architecture", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Temple Architecture [ranchhodraiji.org]", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Legends; History; Temple architecture", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The present temple was constructed by Shri Gopalrao Jagannath Tambwekar in 1772 A.D. at the cost of rupees one lakh. It was built with brick walls and stones pillars. It is raised on a high plinth of 168 feet by 151 feet with twelve stone steps on each side and surrounded by a spacious courtyard. It has eight domes and twenty–four turrets, the highest of them being 90 feet making it the tallest temple in the district. The main gate of the temple overlooks the (now crowded) banks of the lake Gomati. Silver gates are protected by the Vedic Gods - Lord Ganesha, Sun, Moon, etc. beautifully carved in high relief. The gate leads into the main courtyard. As tradition would have it, drummers sit atop the main gate in a balcony of their own. The \"Nagarkhana\" resonates with music during the main darshans and at Aarti times. On entering the courtyard, one sees two tall structures, used to house the thousands of lamps that are lit during the festive season, on either side. Multi-storied and multi-tiered, this type of structure is very typical of medieval Gujarati temple architecture. Back at the front gate, marble stairs lead to the main audience chamber of the temple - the Jagmohan - literally the place where the world is charmed (by the beauty of the Lord). Three large entrances allow devotes to enter the main audience chamber. The large open square structure of the audience chamber is surmounted by an imposing, glittering dome. Till recently, the dome was painted with Shri Krishna's rasa-lila in the classical Bundi style. Recently, this has been replaced by an intricate inlay of mirror work, depicting flowers and trellis in a classical Rajput garden. Painted murals from Lord Krishna's life adorn the walls of the audience chamber. A small section at the front of the chamber is railed off and reserved for women. As with all classical temples, the inner sanctum of Ranchodrai is set in a straight line from the main gate of the temple. The Lord sits under a canopied pavilion in the inner sanctum. The whole structure is raised on a marble platform and the pillars of the pavilion are covered in gold. The intricately carved doors and windows to the inner sanctum are covered in silver. There are three doors leading into the inner sanctum. Door to the right of the Lord comes in from the antechamber, leading to a special bathroom where the priests must bathe before entering the inner sanctum. Corridors from here, also lead to the treasure house of the Lord – housing His innumerable jewels and clothes. The door in front of the Lord faces the main audience chamber. At Dakor, the Lord spends as much time as possible with His devotees. The main doors to the inner sanctum are open most of the day. The doors only close when the Lord sleeps – during the afternoon and at night. The door to the left of the Lord leads to the bedchamber of the Lord - a mirrored chamber of thousand delights. Various beds, mattresses and blankets are neatly arranged in here for the Lord's comfort. Silver and gold bedsteads are covered in soft cottons and silks. Perfumes and garlands are kept in readiness for the Lord. A small corridor leads from here to the open hall behind the bedchamber, where pilgrims perform various religious rituals to please the Lord. As at Badrinathji in the Himalayas and Tirupati Balaji in South India, at Dakor, the temple of Goddess Lakshmi, wife of the Lord, is situated outside the main temple. Lakshmiji's temple is situated in a residential part of town at a little distance from the main temple. It is believed that the Lord visits His wife on every Friday – on Fridays a courtly procession winds its way from the main temple down the lanes and bylanes of Dakor to unite the couple.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Legends; History; Temple architecture", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "History of Dakor and temple", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Legends; History; Temple architecture", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "In the times of Mahabharata, the surrounding area of Dakor constituted the 'Hidamba' van (jungle). It was a very dense jungle. It was pleasant and rich with streams and lakes. It had become an attraction for the sages to establish their hermitage for penance. Likewise, Dank Rishi had his hermitage (ashram) in this area. During penance Lord Shiva was pleased with him and asked him to demand something. Thereupon, Dank Rishi requested Lord Shiva to remain permanently in his hermitage. Lord Shiva agreed to his request. He disappeared and left behind him His replica in the form of Ban (Ling), which is known as Danknath Mahadev. Thus in ancient times, Dakor was known as 'Dankor' after the name of Dankanth Mahadev. It was also known as khakhariya because of many khakhra (palash) trees in the vicinity.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Legends; History; Temple architecture", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Legend", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Legends; History; Temple architecture", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The present Dakor owes its raison d'etre not to Dank Rishi but to Bodana, a great devotee of Lord Krishna. In his previous birth, he is supposed to have lived in Gokul and been a cowherd called Vijayanand. On one 'Holy' day, all the cowherds except Vijyanand worshipped Lord Krishna. His wife too worshipped Lord Krishna. But Vijayanand was proud and stayed at home. Lord Krishna came to his house in disguise of his friend and sent him to perform 'Holi' puja. Coming back, he realised that his friend was none else but Lord Krishna. Next day they fought a battle of colour. Lord Krishna lost and fell into the river. Vijyanand went after him where Lord Krishna revealed his true self. Vijyanand begged forgiveness. Lord Krishna took pity on him and solaced him with a boon that he would be born in Gujarat again in Kali Yuga after 4200 years as Vijayanand Bodana in the house of a Krishatriya and his present wife Sudha would again be his wife, called Gangabai, when he will give them a glimpse (darshna) and relieve them by offering them emancipation (Moksha). ", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Legends; History; Temple architecture", "target_page_ids": [ 175074 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 816, 825 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "So as the legend would have it, 'Vijayanand Bodana', a rajput of Dakor, becomes a staunch devotee of Lord Krishna. He used to let the basil plant (Tulsi) grow in an earthen pot with him on his palm and used to go every six months to Dwarika to worship Lord Krishna with the said Tulsi leaves. He did this continuously, unfailingly and untiringly till he was 72 years he then began to find it increasingly difficult to pursue this ritual. Seeing his plight, Lord Krishna told him that on his ensuing visit to Dwarika, he should bring a bullock-cart with him and Lord Krishna would accompany him to Dakor as he was exceedingly pleased with his devotion. Accordingly, Bodana went with bullock-cart to Dwarika. Hindu Vaghers who were the 1st hereditary priests of Dwarika handled over the temple to gugli Brahmins due to their indulgence in fighting freedom wars against British empire. So these 2nd priest tribe of Dwarika (Gugli Brahmins) asked bodana as to why he had brought a cart with him. Whereupon, Bodana replied that he had done so to take away Lord Krishna. Looking to the ramshackle cart, they did not believe him but nevertheless locked and sealed the sanctum sanctorum of Dwarika Temple for the night. At midnight, Lord Krishna broke open all the doors, awoke Bodana and told him to take him to Dakor. Shortly afterwards, Lord Krishna called upon Bodana to rest in the bullock-cart and drove the cart himself till reached the vicinity of Dakor. Here (near Bileshwar Mahadev on Dakor-Nadiad road) they rested for some time, touching and holding a branch of neem tree. He woke up Bodana and asked him to take over. Since that day, this neem tree is found to have one sweet branch though the rest of the branches are bitter and it forms the subject of a well-known Gujarati song (bhajan). ", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Legends; History; Temple architecture", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "In Dwarika, the Gugli Brahmins finding the image missing chased Bodana and came to Dakor in pursuit. Bodana was frightened but Lord Krishna told him to hide the idol of the deity in the Gomti tank and meet the Guglis. Accordingly, Bodana hid the idol and went to meet the Guglis with a pot of curd to pacify them. They became angry and one of them threw a spear at him. He fell down dead While hurting Bodana with a spear it also hurt the image of the deity hidden in Gomti tank and the water turned red with Lord Krishna's (Ranchhodraiji's) blood. It is said that even today the earth of Gomti tank where the image lay is red while rest of the tank is of brown mud. In the midst of Gomti tank, over the place where Lord Krishna was hidden, a small temple having the Lord's foot-prints is constructed and this temple is linked with the bank of Gomti Tank by a bridge. Even with the death of Bodana, the Guglis were not appeased. Requesting Lord Krishna to return to Dwarika, they sat on the bank of Gomti tank and went on a hunger strike. At last, Lord Ranchhodraiji (Krishna) directed Gangabai, wife of Bodana, to give gold equivalent of his weight and ask the Guglis to return to Dwarika. Poor lady, the widow of Bodana, was a pauper and could not afford to do so. By a miracle, the idol became as light as a golden nose-ring (1, 1/4 val i.e.1/2 gram in weight) which was all that the widow of Bodana Gangabai had. The Guglis were disappointed but the Lord mercifully directed that they would find after six months an exact replica of the idol in Savitri Vav at Dwarika. The impatient Guglis looked for the idol sometime earlier than they were told and as a result, found an idol which, though similar to the original one, was smaller, Pilgrims to Dakor still visit the places stated to have been associated with the legend viz. Where the branch of neem tree under which Lord rested while coming to Dankpur subsequently turned sweet; where the idol was hidden in the Gomti tank; whereon the balance was set up to weigh the original idol which Bodana had enshrined.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Legends; History; Temple architecture", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "History since forth", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Legends; History; Temple architecture", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Shri Gopal Jagannath Tambwekar approached Peshwas and Gaikwars and requested them to grant lands for the maintenance, (puja, worship, prosperity, naivedya and services and ceremonials etc.) for the expenses of the deity from the State. Thereupon, Peshwa Madhavrao Ballal Pradhan, Peshwa of Poona granted the entire village of 'Dakor' of Taluka Thasra, District Kaira and Damaji Gaikwar's son Sayajirao Gaikwar of Baroda granted in Inam (Offered as prize) village 'Kanjari', Prant Madhudha of Gujarat. At that time i.e. in 1769 A.D. half of Kaira District was with Peshwas of Poona and half was with Gaikwars of Baroda. At present, village Kanjari is in Nadiad Taluka of Kaira District. The two entire villages of Dakor and Kanjari were given in Inam to Shri Gopal Jagannath Tambwekar hereditarily for the services of the deity, Shri Ranchhodraiji. Both these villages are known as Dakor Sansthan. Sansthan Scheme was framed in the Year 1879 for the necessary, essential and entire expenses, services and ceremonials of the deity Shri Ranchhodraiji and Goddess Laxmiji which were exclusively met with from the fixed income of the revenues of the two villages of Dakor and Kanjari and was later on registered as a Public Trust. It is the original foundation trust of Shri Ranchhodraiji Maharaj. Since 1905, the management of the temple rests with the Temple Committee. In pursuance of a decision of the Privy Council, Dakor Temple Scheme was finally approved by the Privy Council in 1916. In 1952, it was registered as a Public Religious Trust. Thus the Temple Trust is not administered by the Government, but a Committee consisting of vaishnav devotees of Lord Krishna conducts its day-to-day administration under the supervision of Manager as per the provisions laid down under the Dakor Temple Scheme. The Committee consists of three nominees of the District Court from Vaishnavas . one hereditary representative of Tambwekar family and one from the Sevaks (priests). The priests are of three sub-castes of Brahmins, viz. Khedaval, Shrigod and Tapodhan. At present families of these priests are about 232 in number. The term of the trustee expires every ten years. Temple committee also maintains a Gaushala. Its strength is 600 cattle. Cows are not sold. They are maintained throughout their lifetime. Bulls are given free of cost to needy Gram Panchayats for breeding purposes.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Legends; History; Temple architecture", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The temple normally opens at about 6:45 A.M. and closes at 12 Noon between which there are five darshans namely, Mangla, Bal bhog, Shringar bhog, Gwal bhog and Rajbhog during which Aartis are performed. In the afternoon, it reopens at about 4:15 P.M. and closes at 7:30 P.M. In between there are three darshans namely, Usthapan, Shyan and Shakhdi bhog. At Utthapana Bhoga and Shayana bhoga Aaratis are performed. The Darshana timings on Full Moon days are different and are declared by the temple authorities beforehand. For the convenience of the vaishnavas desirous to offer additional bhogs to the deity except the scheduled ones, there is a provision in the Dakor Temple Scheme and accordingly, Mahabhog, Rajbhog and additional bhogs are offered to the deity.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Darshan", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "On full moon days, people visit the temple to seek the blessings as was done by the devotee who brought Shree Krishna to the temple. So there is a great inflow of people and the town is very crowded. There is a carnival or fair taking place around February and March, on the day of festival of Holi and observed by all Hindus as a mark for triumph of the truth and goodness. Many people from surrounding cities come and visit the temple during these festivals, some from even far away.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Festival", "target_page_ids": [ 11432, 489575, 13677 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 3, 12 ], [ 294, 298 ], [ 319, 324 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Sarad Purnima, which comes after end of Navratra, is the day believed on which lord Krishna came to Dakor as ranchodrai with his great devotee known as Bodana. Lord come to Dakor to fulfill the promise that he will come to Dakor with Bodana.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Festival", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "There are many festivals and many festival photos are on the website of www.ranchhodraiji.org", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Festival", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Sharad Purnima", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Festival", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Krishna Janmotsav (Janmasthami), then Second Day of Janmastami (Nand Mahotsav) ", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Festival", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Holi", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Festival", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Rathyatra", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Festival", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Diwali ", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Festival", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Bestu Varsh (Hindu New Year) ", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Festival", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " After New year \"Annakut Mahotsav\"", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Festival", "target_page_ids": [ 19680490 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 17, 24 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Every Friday & Every Agyaras Ranchhod Ray ji ( Gopallal Ji ) went at Laxmiji Temple", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Festival", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Amali ekadasi(Amliagiyaras)", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Festival", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Tulsi Vivah ", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Festival", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Dashera", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Festival", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Hindoda", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Festival", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Gopalnathji", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Festival", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Navkavihar", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Festival", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Dakor is located at . It has an average elevation of 49metres (160feet).", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Geography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Dakor is connected through rail and road. is a station on the Anand–Godhra Broad Gauge rail line. Anand and Nadiad are around 30km away and both are very much connected by rail and roads. Ahmedabad and Vadodara are about 90km away and both cities are connected with rail, road and by air.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Connectivity (only bus and railway)", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " India census, Dakor had a population of 23,784. Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. Dakor has an average literacy rate of 76%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 82% and, female literacy is 69%. In Dakor, 10% of the population is under 6 years of age.", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Demographics", "target_page_ids": [ 6889 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 7, 13 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Ranchhodrai Temple Website", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Ranchhodrai Temple complete information", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "Hindu_holy_cities", "Cities_and_towns_in_Kheda_district", "Tourist_attractions_in_Kheda_district" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "Josip \"Joe\" Šimunić (; born 18 February 1978) is a Croatian retired footballer and current manager of the Croatia national under-19 team.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 10568, 24554128 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 68, 78 ], [ 106, 136 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Born in Australia to Bosnian Croat parents, Šimunić started his career at Melbourne Knights then moved to Germany where he spent 14 seasons in the Bundesliga with Hamburger SV, Hertha BSC and TSG 1899 Hoffenheim before finishing his career in Croatia with Dinamo Zagreb.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 8215189, 2467014, 686142, 535879, 1136626, 4061834, 34189153 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 21, 34 ], [ 74, 91 ], [ 147, 157 ], [ 163, 175 ], [ 177, 187 ], [ 192, 211 ], [ 256, 269 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "He played for Croatia from 2001 to 2013, appeared in five major tournaments for Croatia – 2002 and 2006 World Cups, as well as the 2004, 2008 and 2012 European Championships – and is the fifth most capped player in the history of the Croatia national team.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 715240, 52622, 157233, 11370, 372770, 662351, 2182477, 249510, 9568035 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 14, 21 ], [ 90, 94 ], [ 99, 103 ], [ 104, 113 ], [ 131, 135 ], [ 137, 141 ], [ 146, 150 ], [ 151, 172 ], [ 187, 255 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Šimunić was born in Canberra, Australia, to Bosnian Croat immigrants from Otigošće near Fojnica. He received early football training at Croatia Deakin in his hometown of Canberra before attending the Australian Institute of Sport program. The defender broke into the Melbourne Knights first team as a teenager in the 1995–96 season and ended it with a championship medal and 1996 NSL Youth Player of the Year award. Šimunić scored his first goals the following term, three in 14 outings, before moving to Europe to join Hamburger SV in 1997.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 51983, 8215189, 28384761, 2065650, 11504365, 2880018, 2467014, 18809512, 535879 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 20, 28 ], [ 44, 57 ], [ 74, 82 ], [ 88, 95 ], [ 136, 150 ], [ 200, 229 ], [ 267, 284 ], [ 317, 331 ], [ 520, 532 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Šimunić moved to Hertha BSC in 2000 after having fallen out with Hamburg coach Frank Pagelsdorf and has since become an integral member of a team which has enjoyed occasional forays in the UEFA Cup. He expressed on The World Game on SBS that he wishes to return to Australia to live after concluding his career in Europe. At the end of the 2008–09 season, Šimunić was named the best centre-half in the Bundesliga by Kicker. Hertha finished in fourth place that season, with a defence that conceded only 41 goals, tied for third in the league with VfL Wolfsburg.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 1136626, 17521122, 232175, 2904786, 7613564, 21973865, 649702, 17182686, 4276265, 1136635 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 17, 27 ], [ 79, 95 ], [ 189, 197 ], [ 215, 229 ], [ 233, 236 ], [ 340, 354 ], [ 383, 394 ], [ 402, 412 ], [ 416, 422 ], [ 547, 560 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "After nine years with Hertha, he left the club on 30 June 2009 to sign with TSG Hoffenheim on a contract which was to run out on 30 June 2012.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 4061834 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 76, 90 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On 31 August 2011, the board of Dinamo Zagreb confirmed signing of Šimunić on a free transfer in a contract that expires on 30 June 2013. Šimunić was signed by the club in order to re-enforce their team for UEFA Champions League matches. He made his official debut in Croatian biggest derby match, between eternal rivals Dinamo Zagreb and Hajduk Split at Stadion Poljud. During his first season with the club he made only 11 domestic league appearances, as he struggled to find his regular spot in the starting lineup due to injuries and tough competition in the team's defensive lineup that included Tonel, Leandro Cufré, Igor Bišćan and Domagoj Vida. He made his UEFA Champions League debut against Lyon at Stade de Gerland. At the end of the season he won his first double with the club, as Dinamo won both the Prva HNL and the Croatian Cup.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 34189153, 23672974, 10816490, 861240, 1649378, 32010905, 3686715, 1647508, 1141577, 14699918, 44220, 979521, 2313552, 29032165, 32539987 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 32, 45 ], [ 207, 228 ], [ 277, 296 ], [ 339, 351 ], [ 355, 369 ], [ 378, 394 ], [ 601, 606 ], [ 608, 621 ], [ 623, 634 ], [ 639, 651 ], [ 665, 686 ], [ 701, 705 ], [ 709, 725 ], [ 814, 822 ], [ 831, 843 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In the beginning of his second season with the club he established himself as the first choice centre-half and regular starter. He played fully 90 minutes in each of six Dinamo's group stage matches in 2012–13 UEFA Champions League.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 39238498, 36130097, 29963050 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 20, 37 ], [ 179, 190 ], [ 202, 231 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On 14 December 2014, Šimunić officially retired from professional football.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Šimunić was educated at the Australian Institute of Sport (AIS). He was eligible to play for Australia but opted to play for Croatia, even though his parents were from Bosnia and Herzegovina and not Croatia, albeit of Croatian ethnicity. After obtaining dual citizenship in October 2001, he made his international debut in Croatia's friendly match against South Korea on 10 November 2001. Šimunić did not play in any of Croatia's qualifiers for the 2002 World Cup, but was given a place in the squad for the finals after an injury forced Igor Tudor out. He played all three of Croatia's matches in South Korea and Japan. He also played at the 2004 Euros, the 2006 World Cup and the 2008 Euros, performing well in the latter tournament.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 480670, 4792249, 715240, 3463, 5573, 8215189, 1018627, 20018998, 52622, 1442821, 733314, 372770, 157233, 662351 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 28, 57 ], [ 93, 102 ], [ 125, 132 ], [ 168, 190 ], [ 199, 206 ], [ 218, 236 ], [ 356, 367 ], [ 430, 440 ], [ 449, 463 ], [ 494, 499 ], [ 538, 548 ], [ 643, 653 ], [ 659, 673 ], [ 682, 692 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In a well-publicised incident, Šimunić was sent off in Croatia's final 2006 World Cup match against Australia. Šimunić having picked up a booking in the 61st minute, English referee Graham Poll took out a yellow card for his tackle in the 90th minute, but did not actually send him off. At the conclusion of the game three minutes later, however, Šimunić remonstrated with Poll and received a \"third\" yellow card, this time followed by a red card. FIFA initially noted all three bookings in its match report, before later removing the 90th minute (second) booking. This prompted the removal of Poll from the knockout stages referee pool. Shortly after the World Cup, Poll retired from refereeing international games, citing this game as a direct cause. Upon the release of his autobiography in 2007, Poll revealed that, upon booking Šimunić for the second time, he had erroneously recorded him as \"Australia #3\" (who was defender Craig Moore), due to Šimunić's Australian accent.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 4335033, 11049, 5691928, 783312 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 182, 193 ], [ 448, 452 ], [ 608, 623 ], [ 930, 941 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Šimunić is known for having had great football technique, despite having been a centre-half. His national teammate Niko Kranjčar said that, \"on a training pitch, he did feints like Ronaldinho.\"", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 1955370, 524577 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 115, 128 ], [ 181, 191 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Šimunić was involved in a controversy following a 2–0 win for Croatia against Iceland in Zagreb on 19 November 2013. He was accused of neo-Nazi sympathies for having directed the crowd in a chant following the game. The use of the salute \"Za dom!\" (For [the] homeland!), with the fans responding \"Spremni!\" (Ready!), was identical to the salute used by the fascist Ustaše movement in Croatia during World War II.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 1008933, 55906, 54361, 5051727, 11054, 243927, 375905, 7148715 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 78, 85 ], [ 89, 95 ], [ 135, 143 ], [ 239, 245 ], [ 357, 364 ], [ 365, 371 ], [ 384, 391 ], [ 399, 411 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "He defended his actions saying that he was driven by \"love for his Croatian homeland\". After the match, Šimunić responded to his critics: \"Those who are bothered by those shouts should study history. If it bothers someone, then it's their problem. I'm not afraid.\" For this incident, Šimunić was fined 25,000 kunas by the State's Attorney Office of Croatia for inciting racial hatred and harassment of other participants of a public gathering. After an investigation FIFA suspended Šimunić for ten official matches, banned him from entering the confines of the stadiums for those ten matches and imposed a fine of CHF 30,000 (around €24,000). Šimunić's behaviour was denounced by the Croatian Minister of Science, Education and Sports Željko Jovanović, the Association of Anti-Fascist Fighters of Croatia (SABH) and various foreign and domestic media. The severity of suspension by FIFA was both criticized and embraced. Jovanović called it expected and deserving, sending a strong message that Croatians do not want to be perceived by Europe as \"backward rightists\" and as a country where minority rights are being violated to promote and glorify fascism. Others, such as the Croatian Football Federation and national team coach Niko Kovač, have described the suspension as excessive and Draconian. Šimunić appealed to FIFA to rescind his suspension, but lost his appeal in March 2014. His lawyers responded by claiming that a \"Greater Serbian conspiracy\" was to blame for FIFA's decision.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 5574, 637005, 50397921, 2740513, 361362, 30034238, 34185381, 2338892, 1268150, 742397, 417945 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 191, 198 ], [ 309, 314 ], [ 322, 356 ], [ 361, 383 ], [ 614, 617 ], [ 684, 734 ], [ 735, 751 ], [ 1090, 1105 ], [ 1177, 1205 ], [ 1230, 1240 ], [ 1429, 1444 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On 9 April 2014, Šimunić and his lawyers filed an appeal with the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) and requested that the sanctions be cancelled or, alternatively, be stayed for a probation period of one year. The parties were heard at a hearing which took place at the CAS offices on 8 May 2014. The CAS arbitration committee in charge of this matter unanimously rejected the arguments of the player and dismissed his appeal, on 12 May 2014. CAS confirmed the sanction imposed by FIFA against Šimunić, who was remained suspended for ten official matches, the first of which had to be served during the final competition of the 2014 FIFA World Cup and banned from entering the confines of the stadiums for those ten matches and also fined CHF 30,000.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 930608, 656933 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 66, 96 ], [ 632, 651 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In 2019, Šimunić stated on Sportske novosti: \"I wasn't aware of the implications because I hadn't lived in Croatia for a long period of time and I hadn't felt such a division about certain questions, even if they were Za dom spremni'. So, to be very clear, I was not glorifying fascism, Nazism, or any other kind of totalitarianism. I was glorifying Croatia. I was convinced that was the right way. Today I understand there is a lot of those who think that is the wrong way.\" and \"Being aware of the context and everything that had happened, today I would chant 'Croatia, Croatia'\".", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 15967458, 31045316, 30439 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 27, 43 ], [ 287, 293 ], [ 316, 331 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On 22 September 2015, Šimunić was appointed an assistant manager of the Croatia national football team under the coaching staff of Ante Čačić, who was sacked in October 2017.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Coaching career", "target_page_ids": [ 715240, 34166027 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 72, 102 ], [ 131, 141 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On 10 May 2019, he became a new manager of the Croatia national under-19 football team.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Coaching career", "target_page_ids": [ 24554128 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 47, 86 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Šimunić is married to Christina Koloper, a Croatian Canadian. On 5 September 2014, Koloper gave birth to the couple's first child. The child passed away in 2018.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Personal life", "target_page_ids": [ 1939546 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 43, 60 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On 24 August 2015, President and Armed Forces Commander-in-Chief Kolinda Grabar-Kitarović was presented with a petition for the introduction of Za dom spremni to the official use in the Croatian Armed Forces. One of the petition signatories was Šimunić, alongside other prominent Croatian right-wing figures such as Josip Pečarić, Valentin Pozaić, Vlado Košić, Mirko Valentić, Zvonimir Šeparović, Nikola Štedul etc. President Grabar-Kitarović immediately rejected the petition, calling it \"frivolous, unacceptable and provocative\".", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Personal life", "target_page_ids": [ 308781, 1528309, 5051727, 5581, 4344750, 30455333, 63996625, 41437886, 64758451, 1996565, 24907094 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 19, 28 ], [ 65, 89 ], [ 144, 158 ], [ 186, 207 ], [ 289, 299 ], [ 316, 329 ], [ 331, 346 ], [ 348, 359 ], [ 361, 375 ], [ 377, 395 ], [ 397, 410 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Šimunić donated for the production of the 2016 Croatian documentary Jasenovac – istina'' that denies the Ustasha genocide of Serbs and Jews in the Jasenovac concentration camp during the World War II.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Personal life", "target_page_ids": [ 51125875, 64152009, 7701470, 24767737, 106190, 7148715 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 68, 86 ], [ 94, 100 ], [ 113, 130 ], [ 135, 139 ], [ 147, 175 ], [ 187, 199 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Sources: ", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Career statistics", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Sources:", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Career statistics", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Source:", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Career statistics", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Melbourne Knights", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " National Soccer League: 1995–96", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 529785, 18809512 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 23 ], [ 25, 32 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Herta BSC", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "DFL-Ligapokal: 2001, 2002", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 30864963, 31130538, 31131961 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 13 ], [ 15, 19 ], [ 21, 25 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Dinamo Zagreb'''", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Prva HNL: 2011–12, 2012–13, 2013–14", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 1510519, 29032165, 35476257, 39646857 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 9 ], [ 11, 18 ], [ 20, 27 ], [ 29, 36 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Croatian Cup: 2012", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 1878567, 32539987 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 13 ], [ 15, 19 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Croatian Supercup: 2013", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 2341821, 2341821 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 18 ], [ 20, 24 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "List of footballers with 100 or more caps", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 10205078 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 41 ] ] } ]

[ "1978_births", "Living_people", "Sportspeople_from_Canberra", "Australian_people_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_descent", "Australian_people_of_Croatian_descent", "Australian_emigrants_to_Croatia", "Association_football_central_defenders", "Australian_soccer_players", "Australian_expatriate_soccer_players", "Croatian_footballers", "Croatia_international_footballers", "Expatriate_footballers_in_Germany", "2002_FIFA_World_Cup_players", "2006_FIFA_World_Cup_players", "UEFA_Euro_2004_players", "UEFA_Euro_2008_players", "UEFA_Euro_2012_players", "Hamburger_SV_players", "Hamburger_SV_II_players", "Hertha_BSC_players", "TSG_1899_Hoffenheim_players", "Melbourne_Knights_FC_players", "GNK_Dinamo_Zagreb_players", "National_Soccer_League_(Australia)_players", "Bundesliga_players", "Croatian_Football_League_players", "Australian_Institute_of_Sport_soccer_players", "FIFA_Century_Club", "FIFA_World_Cup_controversies", "Croatian_Holocaust_deniers", "Deniers_of_the_genocide_of_Serbs_in_the_Independent_State_of_Croatia", "Croatian_nationalists", "Citizens_of_Croatia_through_descent" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "The Last Waltz is a 2002 four-disc box set re-release of the 1978 album The Last Waltz documenting the concert The Last Waltz, the last concert by the Band with its classic line up. A full forty tracks are taken from the show in addition to rehearsal outtakes. Twenty-four tracks are previously unreleased.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 1439155, 928511, 30965 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 72, 86 ], [ 111, 125 ], [ 147, 155 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Among the tracks added are a version of Louis Jordan's \"Caldonia\" featuring Muddy Waters and Pinetop Perkins trading off the vocal, a reworked version of \"Rag Mama Rag\", Neil Young and Joni Mitchell joining the Band on \"Acadian Driftwood\", \"The W.S. Walcott Medicine Show\", excerpts from a pair of instrumental jams involving several of the concert's guest performers, and the concert closer \"Don't Do It\". In addition, several edits made on the original 1978 set have been done away with; certain songs (such as \"Forever Young\" with Bob Dylan) are now presented in their unedited versions.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 166062, 12592594, 61855, 1503251, 33969315, 87985, 16422, 10744654, 12127027, 20561461, 4637590 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 40, 52 ], [ 56, 64 ], [ 76, 88 ], [ 93, 108 ], [ 155, 167 ], [ 170, 180 ], [ 185, 198 ], [ 220, 237 ], [ 393, 404 ], [ 514, 527 ], [ 534, 543 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Songs still missing from the concert are a version of \"Georgia on My Mind\", the full versions of the two jams presented, the full version of \"Chest Fever\", and the concert takes of \"King Harvest (Has Surely Come)\" and \"Evangeline\". While the album still has overdubbing, re-sequencing, and editing, it does give a more accurate representation of the event itself than the earlier album or film do, according to collectors who have made comparisons with bootleg recordings of the concert.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 715413, 14997061, 18437689, 1677157, 1488043 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 55, 73 ], [ 142, 153 ], [ 182, 212 ], [ 258, 269 ], [ 453, 470 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On November 11, 2016, this set was reissued as part of a 40th Anniversary Deluxe Box Set edition that includes the 1978 Scorsese film on a separate Blu-ray disc. It is not indicated whether or not new mastering was done to the audio discs over and above that from the 2002 reissue.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 928511, 11015826 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 115, 133 ], [ 148, 155 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "All songs were written by Robbie Robertson, except where noted.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Track listing", "target_page_ids": [ 261933 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 26, 42 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "All of the tracks marked with * were previously unreleased.All of the tracks marked with ** feature additional material.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Track listing", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Rick Danko – bass, fiddle, vocals", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Personnel", "target_page_ids": [ 354680, 3916, 32427, 162707 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 10 ], [ 13, 17 ], [ 19, 25 ], [ 27, 33 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Levon Helm – drums, mandolin, vocals", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Personnel", "target_page_ids": [ 481781, 9079, 18888 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 10 ], [ 13, 18 ], [ 20, 28 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Garth Hudson – organ, piano, accordion, synthesizers, clavinet, horns", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Personnel", "target_page_ids": [ 903638, 996250, 23034, 1162, 10791746, 413146, 46734063 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 12 ], [ 15, 20 ], [ 22, 27 ], [ 29, 38 ], [ 40, 51 ], [ 54, 62 ], [ 64, 69 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Richard Manuel – piano, drums, organ, clavinet, dobro, vocals", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Personnel", "target_page_ids": [ 664492, 23034, 9079, 60621 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 14 ], [ 17, 22 ], [ 24, 29 ], [ 48, 53 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Robbie Robertson – guitars, piano, vocals", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Personnel", "target_page_ids": [ 261933, 11846 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 16 ], [ 19, 25 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Rich Cooper – trumpet, flugelhorn", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Personnel", "target_page_ids": [ 30353, 10622 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 14, 21 ], [ 23, 33 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "James Gordon – flute, tenor saxophone, clarinet", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Personnel", "target_page_ids": [ 10553, 926172, 6433 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 15, 20 ], [ 22, 37 ], [ 39, 47 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Jerry Hey – trumpet, flugelhorn", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Personnel", "target_page_ids": [ 10701554 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 9 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Howard Johnson – tuba, baritone saxophone, flugelhorn, bass clarinet", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Personnel", "target_page_ids": [ 762236, 30961, 926360, 399942 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 14 ], [ 17, 21 ], [ 23, 41 ], [ 55, 68 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Charlie Keagle – clarinet, flute, alto, tenor and soprano saxophones", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Personnel", "target_page_ids": [ 556372, 954691 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 34, 38 ], [ 50, 67 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Tom Malone – trombone, euphonium, alto flute, bass trombone", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Personnel", "target_page_ids": [ 2722084, 29837, 10371, 1156759, 1557772 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 10 ], [ 13, 21 ], [ 23, 32 ], [ 34, 44 ], [ 46, 59 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Larry Packer – electric violin", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Personnel", "target_page_ids": [ 499199 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 15, 30 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Horns arranged by Henry Glover, Garth Hudson, Howard Johnson, Tom Malone, John Simon and Allen Toussaint", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Personnel", "target_page_ids": [ 2414, 25718996, 762236, 2722084, 8691603, 515813 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 6, 14 ], [ 18, 30 ], [ 46, 60 ], [ 62, 72 ], [ 74, 84 ], [ 89, 104 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Paul Butterfield – harmonica, vocals", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Personnel", "target_page_ids": [ 168254, 14349 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 16 ], [ 19, 28 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Bobby Charles – vocals", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Personnel", "target_page_ids": [ 6589671 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 13 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Eric Clapton – guitar, vocals", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Personnel", "target_page_ids": [ 10049 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 12 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Neil Diamond – guitar, vocals", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Personnel", "target_page_ids": [ 165113 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 12 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Dr. John – piano, guitar, congas, vocals", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Personnel", "target_page_ids": [ 351362, 471969 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 8 ], [ 26, 32 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Bob Dylan – guitar, vocals", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Personnel", "target_page_ids": [ 4637590 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 9 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Emmylou Harris – guitar, vocals ", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Personnel", "target_page_ids": [ 123572 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 14 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Ronnie Hawkins – vocals", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Personnel", "target_page_ids": [ 481782 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 14 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Bob Margolin – guitar", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Personnel", "target_page_ids": [ 8811753 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 12 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Joni Mitchell – guitar, vocals", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Personnel", "target_page_ids": [ 16422 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 13 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Van Morrison – vocals", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Personnel", "target_page_ids": [ 78262 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 12 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Pinetop Perkins – piano, vocals", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Personnel", "target_page_ids": [ 1503251 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 15 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Carl Radle – bass", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Personnel", "target_page_ids": [ 2828302 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 10 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Dennis St. John – drums", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Personnel", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "John Simon – piano", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Personnel", "target_page_ids": [ 8691603 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 10 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Cleotha Staples – harmony vocal ", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Personnel", "target_page_ids": [ 165742 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 15 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Mavis Staples – vocals ", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Personnel", "target_page_ids": [ 165742 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 13 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Roebuck \"Pops\" Staples – guitar, vocals ", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Personnel", "target_page_ids": [ 165742 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 22 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Yvonne Staples – harmony vocal ", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Personnel", "target_page_ids": [ 165742 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 14 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Ringo Starr – drums", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Personnel", "target_page_ids": [ 25832 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 11 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Stephen Stills – guitar", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Personnel", "target_page_ids": [ 173637 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 14 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Muddy Waters – vocals", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Personnel", "target_page_ids": [ 61855 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 12 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Ronnie Wood – guitar", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Personnel", "target_page_ids": [ 216616 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 11 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Neil Young – guitar, harmonica, vocals", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Personnel", "target_page_ids": [ 87985 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 10 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Robbie Robertson – producer", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Production", "target_page_ids": [ 261933, 53207 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 16 ], [ 19, 27 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "John Simon and Rob Fraboni – co-producers", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Production", "target_page_ids": [ 8691603, 28069438 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 10 ], [ 15, 26 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Ed Anderson – recording and mixing engineer", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Production", "target_page_ids": [ 2417230, 21338090, 21189305 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 14, 23 ], [ 28, 34 ], [ 35, 43 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Terry Becker, Neil Brody, Tim Kramer, Elliot Mazer and Wayne Neuendorf – recording engineers", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Production", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Baker Bigsby, Tony Bustos and Jeremy Zatkin – mixing engineers", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Production", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Bill Graham – concert production", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Production", "target_page_ids": [ 671912 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 11 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "John Simon – string arrangements", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Production", "target_page_ids": [ 8691603, 10696096 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 10 ], [ 13, 19 ] ] } ]

[ "2002_live_albums", "2002_soundtrack_albums", "The_Band_live_albums", "Collaborative_albums", "Concert_film_soundtracks", "Warner_Records_live_albums", "Warner_Records_soundtracks" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "The WAC Corporal was the first sounding rocket developed in the United States and the first vehicle to achieve hypersonic speeds. It was an offshoot of the Corporal program, that was started by a partnership between the United States Army Ordnance Corps and the California Institute of Technology (named \"ORDCIT\") in June 1944 with the ultimate goal of developing a military ballistic missile.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 256109, 3434750, 55244, 1956534, 3589086, 5786 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 31, 46 ], [ 64, 77 ], [ 111, 121 ], [ 156, 172 ], [ 220, 253 ], [ 262, 296 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The California Institute of Technology had been fostering a group of rocket enthusiasts known informally during the 1930s as the \"suicide squad\", which was financed by the Guggenheim Aeronautical Laboratory (GALCIT) since the mid 1930s. Some of the GALCIT enthusiasts had founded a business to manufacture rocket motors called Aerojet.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Development History", "target_page_ids": [ 10441596, 1398923 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 172, 206 ], [ 327, 334 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "During the first years of World War II, GALCIT had pursued the development of both solid and liquid-fueled Jet Assisted Take Off (JATO) boosters to aid aircraft take off performance. As the group had experimented with rockets for several years before the war they were selected by the Army to pursue ballistic rocket development.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Development History", "target_page_ids": [ 32927 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 26, 38 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The first rocket designed by the group for the Army was designated as XFS10S100-A, also known as the Private, that being the first Army enlisted rank. The second ORDCIT project, which became the Corporal, named for the next Army enlisted rank, was a project originally named XF30L 20,000. The Corporal project envisioned a liquid propellant missile of diameter and a power of . The Signal Corps had created the requirement for a sounding rocket to carry of instruments to or higher. This was merged with a requirement of the Rocket R&D Division of the Ordnance Corps for a test vehicle. Frank Joseph Malina of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) proposed the development of a liquid-fueled sounding rocket to meet this request, thus providing a practical developmental step towards the ultimate Corporal missile.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Development History", "target_page_ids": [ 11548145, 553490, 1682898, 4436428, 16459 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 101, 108 ], [ 131, 149 ], [ 383, 395 ], [ 590, 609 ], [ 617, 642 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The theoretical work setting the stage for the WAC Corporal was established in a 1943 paper \"A Review and Preliminary Analysis of Long-Range Rocket Projectiles\" by Malina and Hsue-Shen Tsien. Design was started by Frank Malina and Homer Joe Stewart to meet the Signal Corps' request with their study \"Considerations of the Feasibility of Developing a 100,000-ft. Altitude Rocket.\" The final design work was done by a team of persons specializing in particular areas and involved significant efforts to derive performance from theoretical means (a relatively new method for America rocketry). The key persons responsible were M.M. Mills (booster), P.J. Meeks (sounding rocket), W.A. Sandburg and W.B. Barry (launcher and WAC nose), S.J. Goldberg (field tests) and H.J. Stewart (external ballistics) and G, Emmerson (photography).", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Development History", "target_page_ids": [ 343445 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 175, 190 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "For propulsion, the 38ALDW-1500 Aerojet liquid-fueled engine was chosen, which had been developed as a JATO system for Navy flying boats. The 38ALDW-1500 was modified for hypergolic propellants, with red fuming nitric acid as the oxidizer and furfuryl alcohol as the fuel. The WAC Corporal was intended to use a booster derived from the Tiny Tim air-to-ground attack rocket to gain sufficient velocity along a launch tower for the Corporal's three tail fins to provide passive stability. Despite the emphasis upon a theoretical approach, it was deemed necessary to empirically prove the Corporal's aerodynamics, especially the three fin configuration, so a solid propellant one-fifth scale model called the Baby WAC was tested from a scaled-down launcher in July 1945. Four Baby WACs were flown.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Development History", "target_page_ids": [ 69957, 208986, 3676494, 20171219 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 171, 181 ], [ 200, 222 ], [ 243, 259 ], [ 337, 345 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The design of the WAC Corporal was innovative in that main structure containing the oxidizer, fuel, and pressurizing air tanks was of monocoque design, and that it had only three stabilizing fins, rather than the four that the Army preferred. Since the WAC Corporal was conceived as an atmospheric sounding rocket to be utilized in part near populated locations, it was provided with a parachute recovery system for the rocket itself, along with a separate system for recovering the Signal Corps radiosonde payload.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Development History", "target_page_ids": [ 57992, 172851 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 134, 143 ], [ 496, 506 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The production of the WAC Corporal was by Douglas Aircraft Corporation with critical parts supplied by JPL and the engines by Aerojet.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Development History", "target_page_ids": [ 201793 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 42, 70 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The WAC Corporal test program began at White Sands Proving Grounds in late September 1945 with a series of booster tests lofting dummy upper stages. These were the first missiles launched at White Sands. They were launched from what became LC-33, which was also the launch site for many other early missiles such as the V-2, Viking and Hermes. These first launches tested not only the booster, but the launcher and firing controls, as well as providing practice for the radar and camera crews. October saw two launches of the WAC Corporal with one-third propellant load followed by six fully-fueled flights. Several of these flights reached altitudes of approximately . Performance varied because of several factors, including variation in the gross weight from , with empty weights from .", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Testing", "target_page_ids": [ 301060, 32786, 1277086, 11536366 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 39, 66 ], [ 320, 323 ], [ 325, 331 ], [ 336, 342 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The missions flown during the WAC Corporal first series were:", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Testing", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "2 Booster tests on September 26, 1945", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Testing", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "2 Booster tests on September 27, 1945", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Testing", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "1 Booster test with load on September 27, 1945", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Testing", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "1 Booster test with dummy WAC Corporal on September 28, 1945", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Testing", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "1 WAC Corporal to on October 11, 1945", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Testing", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "1 WAC Corporal to approximately 235,000feet on October 12, 1945 ", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Testing", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "1 WAC Corporal to due to premature nose release on October 16, 1945", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Testing", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "1 WAC Corporal to 235,000feet with premature nose release on October 19, 1945 ", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Testing", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "1 WAC Corporal launched with pressurization leak no performance recorded on October 25, 1945", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Testing", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "1 WAC Corporal launched at night with nose release failure on October 25, 1945", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Testing", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Radar tracking was difficult, as above the radar return was too small to be detected, and radiosonde signals were not received. No previous American liquid-fueled rocket had exceeded a tiny fraction of the altitudes the WAC Corporal regularly achieved. It was decided on November 9, 1945 to alter the WAC Corporal design to improve upon it for another series of flights. This redesigned rocket was first deemed \"Sergeant\" in keeping with the JPL naming scheme but was soon renamed WAC Corporal B. The name \"Sergeant\" was later used for a solid propellant missile designed for the United States Army at JPL. Design of the WAC Corporal B was initiated in March 1946 with P.J. Meeks as Project Coordinator, and differed significantly in detail while its basic shape remained the same. It was longer, weighed less, and contained less propellant. The designs of the fuel pressurization system and fuel valves were simplified. It had a shorter engine with redesigned injectors weighed , rather than the longer engine of the WAC Corporal A. The drastically redesigned rocket body utilized separate tanks of dissimilar materials. Larger, lighter fins were supplied, which proved problematic on the first WAC Corporal B flight on December 6, 1946.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Testing", "target_page_ids": [ 16459, 32087 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 443, 446 ], [ 581, 599 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The flights during the second series of WAC Corporal flights were:", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Testing", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "1 Booster test on May 7, 1946", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Testing", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "1 Booster test with test of nose cone separation and parachute recovery on May 20, 1946", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Testing", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "2 Booster tests with test of nose cone separation and parachute recovery on May 23, 1946", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Testing", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "2 Booster tests with test of nose cone separation and parachute recovery on May 24, 1946", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Testing", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "2 Booster test with tests of nose cone separation and parachute recovery on May 26, 1946", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Testing", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "1 Booster test with test of nose cone separation and parachute recovery on May 29, 1946", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Testing", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "1 Booster test with test of nose cone separation and parachute recovery on December 2, 1946", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Testing", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "1 WAC Corporal A on December 3 modified with WAC Corporal B fins resulted in fin separation and reached ", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Testing", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "1 first WAC Corporal B lost one fin, unstable reached with successful recovery December 6, 1946", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Testing", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "1 WAC Corporal B reached recovered slightly damaged December 12, 1946", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Testing", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "1 WAC Corporal B reached telemetry section recovered December 12, 1946", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Testing", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "1 WAC Corporal B reached parachute tangled and failed December 13, 1946", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Testing", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "1 Test of Mark I Mod I booster with load February 17, 1947", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Testing", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "1 WAC Corporal B reached with lower velocity than expected February 18, 1947", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Testing", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "1 WAC Corporal B reached parachute failed February 24, 1947", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Testing", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "1 WAC Corporal B reached good recovery March 3, 1947", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Testing", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "1 WAC Corporal B reached parachute broke loose June 12, 1947", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Testing", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The WAC Corporal program was an extremely successful test program. The last 6 WAC Corporal Bs to fly were used in the Bumper program as the second stage atop captured V-2 missiles in early air-light and staging experiments. For Bumper, the WAC Corporal was modified to provide stability in excess of Mach 5 by increasing the number of fins to four and increasing their size. The WAC Corporal had to be modified so that the engine ignition would be initiated by the integrating accelerometer of the V-2 stage just before cutoff of the V-2 engine. The WAC Corporal was spin-stabilized by two solid rockets placed between the oxidizer and fuel tanks. The Bumper/WAC had a payload capacity of 50 pounds and carried a Doppler transmitter/receiver which transmitted the nose cone temperature as well as velocity information. There were 6 Bumper flights from White Sands, the first two carrying solid-fueled dummy WACs. Flight number six had a failure on the V-2. Bumper 7 and 8, the last two flights of the Bumper program, were the first launches from the new Joint Long-Range Proving Ground at Cocoa Beach, Florida, which would later be known as Cape Canaveral. The reason for the move was the intention to use a depressed trajectory to achieve velocities in the vicinity of Mach 7 from . This would entail flights downrange in excess of , which would exceed the boundaries of White Sands.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Testing", "target_page_ids": [ 3721945, 2306393, 301060, 108989, 306778, 20051 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 118, 132 ], [ 567, 582 ], [ 852, 863 ], [ 1089, 1109 ], [ 1141, 1155 ], [ 1270, 1276 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The WAC/Bumper flights were:", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Testing", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Bu-1 May 15, 1948 Dummy WAC Corporal", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Testing", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Bu-2 August 10, 1948 Dummy WAC Corporal", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Testing", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Bu-3 September 30, 1948", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Testing", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Bu-4 November 1, 1948", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Testing", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Bu-5 February 24, 1949", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Testing", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Bu-6 April 21, 1949 first stage failed", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Testing", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Bu-8 July 24, 1950 at Cape Canaveral pad 3, stage separation error", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Testing", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Bu-7 July 29, 1950 at Cape Canaveral pad 3", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Testing", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Bumper 7's WAC Corporal, the last one ever to fly, achieved Mach 9, the highest speed ever achieved by a projectile in the atmosphere at the time.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Testing", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The WAC Corporal found itself in direct competition in its designed role, with the V-2 offering much larger payload capabilities that became available in the General Electric-operated Hermes program in April 1946. It was also in competition with the Aerobee, a direct descendant of the Corporal, which was tested in late 1947 and became fully operational in spring 1948. Another competitor was the Neptune sounding rocket, later known as the Viking. The V-2 could lift to , the Aerobee around to over , and Viking to . All three of these offered better performance than the Corporal's payload. In terms of pounds to altitude per dollar, the Corporal also lost to the competition: Each WAC Corporal B cost , for $320/lb to apogee, while each V-2 reassembled from captured parts cost around $30,000 ($14/lb), and the Aerobee cost $18,500 ($123/lb).", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Outcome and Legacy", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "While the WAC Corporal was soon replaced in its intended role of sounding rocket, its legacy was long-lasting. Its 38ALDW-1500 engine was the direct predecessor of the Nike Ajax's A21AL-2600 and Aerobee's 45AL-2600, and was developed into the AJ10 series, which includes the AJ10-37 engine on the second stage of the world's first purpose-built satellite launch vehicle, Vanguard. Other AJ10 series members include the AJ10-101, which powered the Able upper stage on a variety of launch vehicles, the AJ10-137 Service Propulsion System on the Apollo spacecraft, and the AJ10-190 that acted as the Space Shuttle Orbital Maneuvering System. WAC Corporals are on display at the National Air and Space Museum and in the White Sands Missile Range Museum.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Outcome and Legacy", "target_page_ids": [ 17589232, 718111, 26496950, 221550 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 243, 254 ], [ 510, 535 ], [ 597, 637 ], [ 675, 704 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The origin of the acronym \"WAC\" in WAC Corporal has been claimed to stand for multiple different phrases. Some White Sands historians (Kennedy, DeVorkin, Eckles) have claimed it means \"Without Attitude Control\". In \"Bumper 8: 50th Anniversary of the First Launch on Cape Canaveral, Group Oral History,\" William Pickering attributed it to \"Women's Army Corps\".", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Name", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The earliest public reports of the WAC designation are a series of Aviation Week articles, which seem to support \"Women's Army Corps\" being the derivation of the acronym. In its March 18, 1946 issue, Aviation Week noted, \"[u]nder the amusing security code designation of 'WAC Corporal' the project was initiated in 1944....\" In the June 1, 1946 of Aviation Week, an article describes how the WAC Corporal \"is launched from a triangular 100 ft. launching tower, and thereafter goes its own merry way,\" and claims that \"[t]hese characteristics suggest some of the reasons for the female appellation of the 'WAC,' the 'Corporal' coming from the fact that some Army rockets are designated by familiar ranks.\"", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Name", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Diameter: ", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Specifications", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Total length: ", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Specifications", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Loaded weight: ", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Specifications", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Propellant weight: ", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Specifications", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Thrust: ", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Specifications", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Duration: 0.6 s", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Specifications", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Impulse: 133,000N·s (30,000lbf·s)", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Specifications", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Empty weight: ", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Specifications", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Loaded weight: ", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Specifications", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Thrust: ", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Specifications", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Duration: 47 s", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Specifications", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Impulse: 298,000N·s (67,000lbf·s)", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Specifications", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Alway, Peter, Rockets of the World, Third Edition. Saturn Press: Ann Arbor, 1999.", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "References", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Durant, F.C., \"Robert H. Goddard The Roswell Years (1930-1941) National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution, Washington D.C., 1973", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "References", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Goddard, Robert H., \"Rockets,\" American Rocket Society, New York, 1946", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "References", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Pendel, George, Strange Angel The Otherworldly Life of Rocket Scientist John Whitesides Parsons,\" Harcourt, Inc., New York,Library of Congress card number 55-6592, 1955", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "References", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Astronautix.com article", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Article from Directory of U.S. Military Rockets and Missiles", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Article from National Air and Space Museum", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "Sounding_rockets_of_the_United_States", "Rockets_and_missiles", "Douglas_Aircraft_Company" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "Mato Neretljak (born 3 June 1979) is a Croatian professional football manager and former player who is the manager of First League of FBiH club Zvijezda Gradačac. He is also working as assistant manager of the Croatia U20 national team.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 10568, 5468399, 10669, 1955149, 18306167, 30792660 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 61, 69 ], [ 70, 77 ], [ 89, 95 ], [ 118, 138 ], [ 144, 161 ], [ 210, 235 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "He started his professional career in 1999 with HNK Orašje. In 2000, he transferred to NK Osijek for which he played until 2002.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 1558557, 1515039 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 48, 58 ], [ 87, 96 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Then he transferred to HNK Hajduk Split and spent three seasons with the club before leaving it for South Korean club Suwon Samsung Bluewings in 2005.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 861240, 27019, 1054817 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 23, 39 ], [ 100, 111 ], [ 118, 141 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In 2009, he moved to Japanese club Omiya Ardija.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 30864327 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 35, 47 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On 23 May 2012, he signed for HNK Rijeka on a two-year-long contract deal. In 2014, he announced his retirement.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 896129 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 30, 40 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In his career, he won many titles with Hajduk Split, Suwon Bluewings and even one Herzeg-Bosnia Cup with Orašje.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 2535864 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 82, 99 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Neretljak won 8 international caps for the Croatian national under-21 football team in 2000 and 2001. While still playing for the under-21 national team, he also made his full international debut for Croatia in a friendly match against Greece on 25 April 2001 in Varaždin, where he came on as a substitute for Boris Živković in the 88th minute.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 3234497, 715240, 722668, 663221, 1175673 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 43, 83 ], [ 200, 207 ], [ 236, 242 ], [ 263, 271 ], [ 310, 324 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "His competitive international debut for Croatia came on 15 November 2003 in the UEFA Euro 2004 qualifying play-offs against Slovenia, where he played the entire 90 minutes in the first leg in Zagreb, which ended in a 1-1 draw. On 18 February 2004, he scored his only international goal for Croatia in their 2-1 defeat against Germany in Split. He was also part of the Croatian squad at the UEFA Euro 2004 finals in Portugal, but did not appear in any of the team's three group matches before they were knocked out of the tournament.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 372770, 1008145, 55906, 250204, 18952408, 23033 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 80, 94 ], [ 124, 132 ], [ 192, 198 ], [ 326, 333 ], [ 337, 342 ], [ 415, 423 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "After the UEFA Euro 2004 finals, he only appeared in 4 international friendlies for Croatia, including both of their matches at the 2006 Carlsberg Cup in Hong Kong. He won a total of 10 international caps for the national team, 9 of which were in friendly matches.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 8884278, 13404 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 132, 150 ], [ 154, 163 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Neretljak started off his managerial career after being appointed as manager of HNK Orašje in 2015. He managed Orašje until the end of the 2015–16 First League of FBiH season, where Orašje made a fantastic result coming in the third place.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Managerial career", "target_page_ids": [ 1558557, 57623310 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 80, 90 ], [ 139, 174 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On 14 November 2016, Neretljak was named the new manager of NK Metalleghe-BSI. He left Metalleghe on 1 June 2017, after failing not to get relegated in the 2016–17 Premier League season.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Managerial career", "target_page_ids": [ 43231705, 49949663 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 60, 77 ], [ 156, 185 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "19 days after leaving Metalleghe, Neretljak came back to and became the new manager of Orašje once again. In that First League FBiH season, Orašje finished in the 5th place. After the last game of the season in which Orašje beat NK Travnik 3–2, Neretljak stuck to his word and left the club after the end of the season.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Managerial career", "target_page_ids": [ 55273929, 867347 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 132, 138 ], [ 229, 239 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On 28 September 2018, after Feđa Dudić got sacked, Neretljak was named the new manager of Bosnian Premier League club GOŠK Gabela. In his first game as club's manager, on 30 September, the club unexpectedly beat Željezničar Sarajevo on Grbavica Stadium 1–2, with a 90+5th-minute penalty goal that won the game for GOŠK, with Mirsad Ramić scoring the goal from the penalty spot. On 12 March 2019, Neretljak left GOŠK after making a series of bad results with the club.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Managerial career", "target_page_ids": [ 34954094, 1474099, 14136957, 828181, 4366407, 60494401 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 28, 38 ], [ 90, 112 ], [ 118, 129 ], [ 212, 232 ], [ 236, 252 ], [ 325, 337 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In July 2019, it was announced that Neretljak became the new manager of Orašje for the third time in his career. A few days later, he also accepted a job offer from the Croatian Football Federation as an assistant manager for the Croatia national under-20 team under manager Ognjen Vukojević. He left Orašje only a few months after coming back to the club because of losing five out of six matches in the league and getting to last place.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Managerial career", "target_page_ids": [ 1268150, 30792660, 12275568 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 169, 197 ], [ 230, 260 ], [ 275, 291 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On 4 October 2020, Neretljak was named new manager of Zvijezda Gradačac. In his first game as Zvijezda manager, Neretljak led his team to a league win over Čapljina. His first loss as Zvijezda manager was against Radnik Hadžići also in a league match on 18 October 2020.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Managerial career", "target_page_ids": [ 18306167, 17116951, 60572394 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 54, 71 ], [ 156, 164 ], [ 213, 227 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Results list Croatia's goal tally first.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Career statistics", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Orašje ", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Herzeg-Bosnia Cup: 1999–2000", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 2535864 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 18 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Hajduk Split ", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Croatian First League: 2003–04", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 1510519, 17573990 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 22 ], [ 24, 31 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Croatian Cup: 2002–03", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 1878567, 27024642 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 13 ], [ 15, 22 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Croatian Super Cup: 2004", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 2341821, 50372495 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 19 ], [ 21, 25 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Suwon Bluewings ", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " K League Classic: 2008", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 1054768, 16203889 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 17 ], [ 19, 23 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Korean League Cup: 2008", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 24373756, 17349921 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 18 ], [ 20, 24 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Korean Super Cup: 2005", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 4346662 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 17 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " 2006 K-League Best 11", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 5835831, 38582667 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 5 ], [ 6, 14 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " 2007 K-League Best 11", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 9499726, 38582667 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 5 ], [ 6, 14 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " 2008 K-League Best 11", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 16203889, 38582667 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 5 ], [ 6, 14 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Mato Neretljak at guardian.co.uk", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "1979_births", "Living_people", "Association_football_defenders", "Croatian_footballers", "Croatian_expatriate_footballers", "Croatia_under-21_international_footballers", "Croatia_international_footballers", "Croats_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina", "NK_Osijek_players", "HNK_Hajduk_Split_players", "Suwon_Samsung_Bluewings_players", "Omiya_Ardija_players", "Croatian_Football_League_players", "K_League_1_players", "J1_League_players", "Expatriate_footballers_in_South_Korea", "Expatriate_footballers_in_Japan", "UEFA_Euro_2004_players", "Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_expatriates_in_South_Korea", "People_from_Orašje", "Croatian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_South_Korea", "Croatian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Japan", "Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_emigrants_to_Croatia", "HNK_Orašje_players", "HNK_Rijeka_players", "NK_Zadar_players", "Croatian_football_managers", "Croatian_expatriate_football_managers", "Expatriate_football_managers_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina", "Premier_League_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_managers", "NK_GOŠK_Gabela_managers", "HNK_Orašje_managers", "NK_Zvijezda_Gradačac_managers" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "Man or Astro-man? is an American surf rock group that formed in Auburn, Alabama in the early 1990s and came to prominence over the following decade.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 172234, 104844 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 33, 42 ], [ 64, 79 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Primarily instrumental, Man or Astro-man? blended the surf rock style of the early 1960s like that of Dick Dale and The Spotnicks with the new wave and punk rock sounds of the late 1970s and early 1980s. Man or Astro-man? was known for their anachronistic dedication to science fiction themes, audio samples, obscure electronic devices (such as theremins and tesla coils), and high-energy live performances. Their earlier albums like Is It ... Man or Astroman? and Destroy All Astromen! were known for their traditional surf rock instrumentation and sci-fi sound bite song introductions, but their later albums like EEVIAC... and A Spectrum of Infinite Scale were known for their use of synthesizers, printers (like the Apple ImageWriter II), and their more abstract, experimental sound. Their recordings were often peppered with sound bites from obscure science fiction films and TV shows.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 143992, 172234, 167278, 6689467, 21151, 23037, 60731, 27753, 18935758, 30722, 39113, 3731131, 3730930, 4729710, 4755377, 10791746, 294405 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 10, 22 ], [ 54, 63 ], [ 102, 111 ], [ 116, 129 ], [ 139, 147 ], [ 152, 161 ], [ 242, 255 ], [ 270, 292 ], [ 294, 307 ], [ 345, 354 ], [ 359, 369 ], [ 434, 460 ], [ 465, 486 ], [ 616, 625 ], [ 630, 658 ], [ 687, 699 ], [ 726, 740 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "It's largely believed the group took its name from the poster of the U.S. release of the Japanese film The Human Vapor, which includes the tagline \"IS HE MAN OR ASTRO-MAN?\", the line seemingly appropriated as the title of their first album, Is It ... Man or Astroman?.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 5082650, 5082650 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 51, 81 ], [ 103, 118 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The main members of the band are Star Crunch (aka Brian Causey) on guitar and sometimes vocals, Birdstuff (aka Brian Teasley) on drums, and Coco the Electronic Monkey Wizard (Robert DelBueno) on bass guitar and electronics. The band included various other guitarists over the years, including Dr. Deleto (Jeff Goodwin), Cap'n Zeno (Jason Russell), and Dexter X (Hayden Thais). In 1998, Star Crunch left the band to run a record label (Athens, Georgia-based WARM Electronic Recordings), and was replaced by Trace Reading (Erich Hubner) and Blazar the Probe Handler (Richie Edelson). Although the real names of the band members are known, the band members themselves have never publicly acknowledged their true identities, and steadfastly claim to be extraterrestrials sent to Earth to play surf music. Birdstuff also played drums in Servotron under the name Z4-OBX and in The Causey Way as Boy Causey. He has also played with St. Vincent, Sound of Humans, and The Polyphonic Spree. Before joining up with the Astromen, Dexter X had played in Supernova. He was also a member of Servotron under the name 00zX1. After leaving MOAM?, Dr. Deleto played with the Immortal Lee County Killers.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Members", "target_page_ids": [ 22037572, 17396746, 186859, 1447131, 9588, 1294507, 10099743, 424828, 1294507 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 50, 62 ], [ 111, 124 ], [ 435, 450 ], [ 521, 533 ], [ 749, 765 ], [ 832, 841 ], [ 871, 885 ], [ 960, 980 ], [ 1078, 1087 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The original lineup of the band (Star Crunch, Birdstuff, and Coco) have reunited for shows that started in March 2010. 2nd guitar was handled by Victor Vector (Jonny Browning), who has played in Sound of Humans (also with Birdstuff), as well as Jonny and the Shamen and The Other Timelines, until early 2011 when he fell ill and became too sick to play. Since Victor Vector's departure, Avona Nova (Samantha Erin Paulsen, former guitarist/vocalist for We Versus The Shark), the first female member of the band, has been performing as 2nd guitarist. During their 2013 tour in Europe, Josh Lambert and Yvonne Lambert of The Octopus Project assisted them occasionally, as Coco the Electronic Monkey Wizard was unavailable due to the recent birth of his child.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Members", "target_page_ids": [ 48462055, 16802112, 6697959, 6697959 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 160, 174 ], [ 453, 472 ], [ 601, 615 ], [ 619, 638 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Man or Astro-man recorded ten albums between 1993 and 2001 (including the tour-only release A Spectrum of Finite Scale), as well as two CD EPs, and a plethora of singles and contributions to various artists compilation albums. Many of the singles were available on multiple colors of vinyl, some with as many as six variations (see Inside the Head of... Mr. Atom). Their 2001 release, Beyond the Black Hole, was a remixed version of one of their earlier albums, What Remains Inside a Black Hole.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 7203377, 6929639, 11870944, 8609428 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 92, 118 ], [ 332, 362 ], [ 386, 407 ], [ 463, 495 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "When the band was not in the recording studio, they were usually on the road, gigging almost constantly. Their live shows were notable for their sci-fi theatrics: all members of the band dressed in space age jumpsuits, and often included elaborate sci-fi set pieces.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Although they often receive credit for the theme song to Space Ghost Coast to Coast, it was actually recorded by Sonny Sharrock. The confusion arises because they recorded the show's closing theme and some new interstitial music which all first appeared in the 1997 season, as well as an alternate opening theme that appeared once, but not the more familiar theme song. Also, after his departure from the band in 1998, guitarist/vocalist Star Crunch (aka Brian Causey) would go on to compose and perform the theme song for the popular Nickelodeon TV series, The Adventures of Jimmy Neutron.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 573460, 327169, 318804 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 57, 83 ], [ 113, 127 ], [ 558, 589 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Eventually, the constant workload of recording and touring caught up with them, and, after the tour for A Spectrum of Infinite Scale ended in 2001, the band began a long hiatus. On June 12, 2006, the band's label Touch and Go Records announced that Man or Astro-man? would be performing for the first time since 2001 at the Touch and Go 25th Anniversary Celebration in Chicago, Illinois, on September 9. They took the stage during the time slot in between Scratch Acid and Big Black, on what was the second day of the three-day festival. The complete original line-up played, and the tesla coil was brought up on stage at the end of the set. The 45-minute show ended with Birdstuff giving away most of his drumset to stunned audience members. In preparation for the Touch and Go reunion show, the band played on September 6 at the Bottletree Café in Birmingham, Alabama. This show featured Birdstuff, Coco the Electric Monkey Wizard, Star Crunch and Dr. Deleto. Additionally, Captain Zeno performed on one song, resulting in a 5 piece Man or Astroman? performance. These were the first shows since 1998 to feature the original line-up of the band.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 929155, 6886, 2805642, 338164, 39113, 85427 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 213, 233 ], [ 369, 386 ], [ 457, 469 ], [ 474, 483 ], [ 586, 596 ], [ 853, 872 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On January 20, 2010, it was announced that Man or Astro-man? would be performing at Whirly Ball in Atlanta, Georgia on March 5 and The Bottletree in Birmingham, Alabama on March 6, as well as multiple SXSW dates. In June 2010, Man or Astro-man? played the NXNE festival in Toronto, Canada, with performances at the Horseshoe Tavern (June 19, 2010) and Sneaky Dees (June 20, 2010).", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Their ninth album Defcon 5...4...3...2...1 came out, as digital download, on April 24, 2013, a 12 track LP with familiar sounds from 1000X and EEVIAC.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 4729536, 4729710 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 134, 139 ], [ 144, 150 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In 1998 Man or Astro-man? sent a group of \"clones\" out on the road to tour. The clones had names similar to their original counterparts: Birdstuff became Dorkstuff, Coco became Cocoid, Star Crunch became Chromo Crunch and Dexter X became Dexter Y. This new line-up toured under the name \"Man or Astro-man Clone Tour Alpha\" and maintained their clone identities while on stage.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "The Astro-man Genome Project", "target_page_ids": [ 30876867 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 43, 49 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Members of the Alpha clones were also in numerous other bands including Toenut, The Causey Way, Jonny and the Shamen, The Man Made Brain, Sound of Humans, Neutronic, Pilot Scott Tracy, The Plastic Plan, etc.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "The Astro-man Genome Project", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "After the success of the Alpha Project, Man or Astro-man? \"cloned\" themselves a second time, in 1999, this time using females, who adopted the names Coco Active (Guitarist/Vocalist Shonali Bhowmik), Chromia Staria (Guitarist/Vocalist Deb Davis), Tweety-Tone (Drummer/Vocalist Ani Cordero), and Carol (Guitarist/Vocalist Shannon Wright), and toured nationally under the name \"Man or Astro-man? Clone Project Gamma.\"", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "The Astro-man Genome Project", "target_page_ids": [ 41595652, 39685503, 668893 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 181, 196 ], [ 276, 287 ], [ 320, 334 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The band covered the Mystery Science Theater 3000 \"love theme\". It was released on Amazing Thrills! in 3-Dimension and later on the album Destroy All Astromen! and was also performed live. MST3K creator Joel Hodgson joined them on stage to sing the theme at a show in 1996, and Joel's character on MST3K later claimed to have toured in Australia with Man or Astro-man? doing pyrotechnics for the band.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Man or Astro-man? and Mystery Science Theater 3000", "target_page_ids": [ 20840, 6739432, 3730930, 522343 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 21, 49 ], [ 84, 115 ], [ 139, 160 ], [ 204, 216 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Man or Astro-man? recordings regularly feature audio samples taken from films riffed on MST3K (ex. The Leech Woman, It Conquered the World and Santa Claus) and the albums often make allusions to common themes and running jokes (ex. album credits for John Agar in Is It ... Man or Astroman? and Peter Graves and Richard Basehart in Destroy All Astromen!).", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Man or Astro-man? and Mystery Science Theater 3000", "target_page_ids": [ 5667757, 1522855, 7176929, 2395833, 3731131, 503314, 244327, 3730930 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 99, 114 ], [ 116, 138 ], [ 143, 154 ], [ 250, 259 ], [ 263, 289 ], [ 294, 306 ], [ 311, 327 ], [ 331, 352 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Man or Astro-man? guitarist Hayden Thais (Dexter X) and drummer Brian Teasley (Birdstuff) were also members of the \"all-robot band\" Servotron, which was named for MST3K robot character Tom Servo. 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[ "Indie_rock_musical_groups_from_Alabama", "Bands_with_fictional_stage_personas", "Garage_punk_groups", "Science_fiction_music", "Surf_music_groups", "Sympathy_for_the_Record_Industry_artists", "Touch_and_Go_Records_artists", "Musical_groups_established_in_the_1990s", "American_garage_rock_groups", "Third_Man_Records_artists", "Warm_Electronic_Recordings_artists" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "Commonwealth School is a private high school of about 140 students and 35 faculty members located in the Back Bay neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts, United States. It is accredited by the New England Association of Schools and Colleges.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 612857, 554992, 490508, 24437894, 1645518, 3434750, 2517344 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 25, 32 ], [ 33, 44 ], [ 105, 113 ], [ 130, 136 ], [ 138, 151 ], [ 153, 166 ], [ 192, 239 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Charles E. Merrill Jr., son of the founder of Merrill Lynch, and brother of the prominent American poet James Merrill, founded the school in 1957, locating it in Boston's Back Bay to \"restore good secondary schooling to the city.\" He encouraged Commonwealth students to be \"decent, socially responsible, generous people,\" actively engaged in public affairs. For some decades after his retirement, Merrill returned to the school once a year to give a speech on a topic of his choice, and his books are on display in the school library alongside those of Commonwealth alumni.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 9762604, 514026, 33731299, 322605, 18951412 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 22 ], [ 35, 42 ], [ 46, 59 ], [ 104, 117 ], [ 568, 574 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Merrill insisted that the school has only one rule: \"No rollerskating in the halls,\"—an exhortation that students should not \"...act like a damn fool, but think about your actions and how they affect others.\"", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Merrill retired in 1981, and his memoir of the first 23 years of the school's history and his experience as headmaster, The Walled Garden, was published the following year.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The school's symbol is a mermaid with a sword and shield, derived from the coat of arms of Warsaw, Poland. This symbol appears on the school flag, publications, and the outside of the building.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Symbols", "target_page_ids": [ 76592, 585610 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 25, 32 ], [ 75, 97 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "There is no official school song, but \"The Spacious Firmament On High\" (Joseph Addison, Joseph Haydn) is sung each year at the opening of school and at the graduation ceremony.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Symbols", "target_page_ids": [ 163645, 16094 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 72, 86 ], [ 88, 100 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "There have been six heads of school:", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Heads of school", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " 19571981: Charles E. Merrill Jr.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Heads of school", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " 19811983: Joseph \"Jay\" Featherstone", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Heads of school", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " 19831990: Charles Chatfield", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Heads of school", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " 19902000: Judith Keenan", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Heads of school", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " 20002021: William Wharton", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Heads of school", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " 2021present: Jennifer Borman", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Heads of school", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Student-run clubs and groups at Commonwealth include:", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Clubs and activities", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Chess Club", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Clubs and activities", "target_page_ids": [ 5134 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 6 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Commonwealth Chronicle (Newspaper)", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Clubs and activities", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Community Service (Commonwealth Cares)", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Clubs and activities", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Competitive Programming Club", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Clubs and activities", "target_page_ids": [ 34493264 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 24 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Debate Team", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Clubs and activities", "target_page_ids": [ 1574561 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 7 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Diversity Committee", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Clubs and activities", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Environmental Committee", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Clubs and activities", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Evil Genius Club", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Clubs and activities", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Gender-Sexuality Alliance", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Clubs and activities", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Literary Magazine (Helicon)", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Clubs and activities", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Math Team", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Clubs and activities", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Model United Nations", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Clubs and activities", "target_page_ids": [ 31769 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 7, 21 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Model Congress", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Clubs and activities", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Prom Committee", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Clubs and activities", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Robotics Club", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Clubs and activities", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Yearbook Committee", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Clubs and activities", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Each year, the rising senior class elects two non-voting representatives to Commonwealth's Board of Trustees. The other grades elect two members as well to explain issues within their grades to the two representative seniors.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Clubs and activities", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "In its September, 2009 issue, Boston magazine named Commonwealth as the best private high school in eastern Massachusetts.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Performance", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Academically, the school is one of the nation's elite. A significant portion of the senior class is recognized each year by the National Merit Scholarship Program. From 2012 to 2016, 16% of students were recognized as Finalists, 20% as Semifinalists, and 43% as Commended Students. In that same period 28 students were named as AP National Scholars, 111 as Scholars with Distinction, 42 as Scholars with Honor, and 53 as Scholars by the College Board. Mean SAT scores for the classes of 2015 and 2016 were 738 in critical reading, 718 in writing, and 714 in math.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Performance", "target_page_ids": [ 1019791, 291422, 586046, 144716 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 128, 162 ], [ 328, 330 ], [ 437, 450 ], [ 457, 460 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Commonwealth had a semifinalist in the Intel Science Talent Search in 2011, 2012, and 2013, the only Massachusetts school to do so.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Performance", "target_page_ids": [ 1099570 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 39, 66 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Commonwealth is the only Massachusetts school to receive a grant from the Malone Scholars program of the Malone Family Foundation, which independently identifies top-level schools to receive an endowment. \"Once endowed, the schools are empowered to perpetually fund scholarships to motivated top students based on merit and financial need.\"", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Performance", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "From 2001 to 2015, the most popular college choices were Brown (22 graduates), the University of Chicago (22), Harvard (17), Tufts (17), New York University (16), Wesleyan (15), Bryn Mawr (14), Carleton (14), Columbia (14), Yale (13), Smith (13), and Haverford (13).", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Performance", "target_page_ids": [ 4157, 32127, 18426501, 84077, 7954455, 241865, 220852, 209157, 6310, 34273, 247957, 170686 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 57, 62 ], [ 84, 105 ], [ 112, 119 ], [ 126, 131 ], [ 138, 157 ], [ 164, 172 ], [ 179, 188 ], [ 195, 203 ], [ 210, 218 ], [ 225, 229 ], [ 236, 241 ], [ 252, 261 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Commonwealth holds an assembly every Thursday. Speakers have included Archbishop Desmond Tutu, Ted Sorensen, literature critic James Wood, author Claire Messud, Michael Kelly of The Atlantic, Harvard Law professors Charles Fried and Lani Guinier, author Samantha Power, Harvard stem cell biologist Douglas Melton, philosopher and bioethicist Frances Kamm, poet Louise Glück, former ambassadors Peter W. Galbraith and Charles Stith, Mary Beth Cahill, acclaimed American feminist and civil rights activist Peggy McIntosh, free software pioneer Richard Stallman, Congressman Barney Frank, Senator Elizabeth Warren, Boston mayor Michelle Wu, former Surgeon General C. Everett Koop, Boston city councilor Tito Jackson and various musical groups. Students petition the head of school to invite speakers they would like to hear.", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "School events", "target_page_ids": [ 48557, 8401973, 1089286, 1196325, 6720890, 1727450, 149743, 158984, 1863542, 170359, 2659568, 18426501, 11066595, 527135, 4953224, 11056753, 763887, 4876011, 3434143, 5052153, 290195, 40624694, 220379, 32003225 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 70, 80 ], [ 81, 93 ], [ 95, 107 ], [ 127, 137 ], [ 146, 159 ], [ 161, 174 ], [ 178, 190 ], [ 192, 203 ], [ 215, 228 ], [ 233, 245 ], [ 254, 268 ], [ 270, 277 ], [ 298, 312 ], [ 361, 373 ], [ 394, 412 ], [ 417, 430 ], [ 432, 448 ], [ 504, 518 ], [ 542, 558 ], [ 572, 584 ], [ 594, 610 ], [ 625, 636 ], [ 661, 676 ], [ 700, 712 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Special assemblies are held for Thanksgiving and on the day before winter vacation. It is tradition to sing \"Bringing in the Sheaves\" (by Shaw and Minor) every Thanksgiving assembly, and for students and teachers to recite poems at the Winter Holiday assembly. Other assemblies highlight students' work on independent projects, fiction writing, music, and theater.", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "School events", "target_page_ids": [ 8304348, 2234014 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 32, 44 ], [ 109, 132 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Each year students participate in a competitive sport or organized exercise activity in at least two out of three seasons. Competitive sports include soccer, basketball, fencing, cross-country running, and Ultimate Frisbee. Exercise programs include running, fitness, sailing, dance, ballroom dance, and yoga.", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "School events", "target_page_ids": [ 10568, 3921, 10893, 344462, 31775, 26032, 432986, 27672, 7885, 3332, 34258 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 151, 157 ], [ 159, 169 ], [ 171, 178 ], [ 180, 201 ], [ 207, 223 ], [ 251, 258 ], [ 260, 267 ], [ 269, 276 ], [ 278, 283 ], [ 285, 299 ], [ 305, 309 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "When Charles Merrill was headmaster he started a tradition of twice-yearly trips to his family's farm in Hancock, New Hampshire. These would happen every fall and spring. The school continued to go up to the farm every semester until 1996. The \"Hancock\" weekend eventually moved in 1997 to Camp Winona, a summer camp in Bridgton, Maine, but the old name remains. The trip to Maine was replaced by a day trip to Provincetown in 2007, and a weekend at Camp Wing, a summer camp in Duxbury, Massachusetts, in 2008. In 2009, Spring Hancock returned to Camp Winona. For the 2020-21 school year, a modified version of Hancock, lasting only a day and taking place in the city, took place due to COVID-19 precautions. In the fall of 2021, Hancock took place at Camp Kingswood. In the spring of 2022, another \"Hancock-in-the-City\" took place, this time with a trip to a reservation near Boston and a sleepover at the school.", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "School events", "target_page_ids": [ 124758, 35589418, 39052, 259476 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 105, 127 ], [ 320, 335 ], [ 411, 423 ], [ 478, 500 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On two mornings during each trip, students and teachers organize activities to do, and each student signs up for an activity.", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "School events", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "In the afternoons, students are free, and activities such as swimming, boating, various sports, and hiking are offered.", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "School events", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "On the last night of Hancock, there is a talent show prepared jointly by the students and staff. There are also two dances: the \"Long Dance\" the night before the talent show, and the \"Short Dance\" after it, both organized by the students.", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "School events", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The responsibility for Hancock is shared among faculty and students. Faculty oversee various tasks, such as cooking or sports. Students can sign up for jobs such as cooking meals, running the talent show and dances, and being a bike messenger. For the most part, cleaning bathrooms, collecting trash, tending fires, and other tasks are also led and staffed by students.", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "School events", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "There are several student-run publications at Commonwealth. They include:", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Publications", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Yearbook: Each year, the senior class (and a few juniors in training) produces its own yearbook.", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Publications", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Helicon: The literary magazine club, with the school's funding, publishes a literary magazine, which accepts many types of literature and art, including poems, short stories, photographs, drawings, and paintings. ", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Publications", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " The Commonwealth Chronicle: The school's newspaper, which includes a satirical publication called The Leek.", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Publications", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The school produces CM, a twice-yearly magazine for alumni/ae and parents.", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Publications", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "David Altshuler, geneticist and co-founder of MIT's Broad Institute", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 35110610, 2447768 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 15 ], [ 52, 67 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Patrick Amory, Matador Records general manager", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 6178717 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 13 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Mikaela Beardsley, film producer ", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 55750101 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 17 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Emily Botein, public radio producer", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 56636059 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 12 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Loren Bouchard, animator and television director (dropped out before graduating)", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 2311542 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 14 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Jonatha Brooke, singer/songwriter", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 187931 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 14 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Evan Dando and Ben Deily of The Lemonheads", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 1020223, 12021312, 238737 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 10 ], [ 15, 24 ], [ 28, 42 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Mark Denbeaux, attorney and civil rights activist", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 7988482 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 13 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "John Davis of The Folk Implosion", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 506003 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 14, 32 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Liza Featherstone, journalist", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 1544002 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 17 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Peter W. Galbraith, diplomat", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 4953224 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 18 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Melissa Glenn Haber, author and teacher", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 3413481 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 19 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Kaitlyn Greenidge, author of We Love You Charlie Freeman and New York Times contributing opinion writer", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 62920007 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 17 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Mark Greif, co-founder, co-editor and contributor to n+1", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 4196738, 4159597 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 10 ], [ 53, 56 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Karen Guillemin, microbiologist", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 61544526 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 15 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Susanna Kaysen, author of Girl, Interrupted, among other works, and has included references to Commonwealth in her books", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 1170310, 168639 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 14 ], [ 26, 43 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Anthony Kuhn, NPR correspondent", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 56206343, 29697232 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 12 ], [ 14, 17 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Kasi Lemmons, director (IMDB page)", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 1668613 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 12 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Hamish Linklater, actor (IMDB page)", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 4644940 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 16 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Mia Matsumiya, violinist of experimental rock group Kayo Dot", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 1626389, 1626377 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 13 ], [ 52, 60 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Sophia Michahelles, pageant puppet designer and co-artistic director, Processional Arts Workshop", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 2686415, 23280262 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 18 ], [ 70, 96 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Ottessa Moshfegh, author", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 46401833 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 16 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Jesse Peretz, film director and former Lemonheads bassist (IMDB page)", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 8584328 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 12 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Nina Pillard, judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 39515875 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 12 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Daniel Pipes, historian, foreign policy analyst, Middle East & Islam specialist", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 194536 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 12 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Jonathan Rotenberg, founder of the Boston Computer Society, while still a student at Commonwealth", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 39658092, 6352701 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 18 ], [ 35, 58 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Cameron Russell, model", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 3616190 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 15 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Benjamin Sargent, celebrity chef and television personality", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Notable alumni", "target_page_ids": [ 25867198 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 16 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Each day includes \"Recess,\" when all students and faculty gather in the school's multi-purpose room for a snack and to hear announcements. Anyone—student or teacher—is invited to make an announcement. The Tuesday recess is longer than the others, allowing for short presentations or discussions.", "section_idx": 9, "section_name": "Traditions", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Each May seniors use an extended Tuesday recess to perform skits that parody their teachers and themselves. During another recess, they give various awards to students.", "section_idx": 9, "section_name": "Traditions", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Another tradition is \"passing the clay,\" where all students take part in passing boxes of clay from the first to the fifth floor. This event happens twice a year.", "section_idx": 9, "section_name": "Traditions", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "In June 2016, the Boston Globe reported that Commonwealth School sued Commonwealth Academy, a high school in Springfield, Massachusetts, over the use of the name \"Commonwealth\". It had trademarked \"Commonwealth School\" in 2012. The Springfield school is now known as Springfield Commonwealth Academy.", "section_idx": 10, "section_name": "Trademark dispute", "target_page_ids": [ 30068, 92402 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 18, 30 ], [ 109, 135 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Official website", "section_idx": 12, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "Private_high_schools_in_Massachusetts", "High_schools_in_Boston", "Educational_institutions_established_in_1957", "1957_establishments_in_Massachusetts" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "Hermann II of Baden (c. 1060 – 7 October 1130) was the first to use the title Margrave of Baden, after the family seat at Castle Hohenbaden. This castle is in the present day town of Baden-Baden.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 2888633, 88156 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 78, 95 ], [ 183, 194 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Hermann was the son of Hermann I of Baden and Judit of Backnang-Sulichgau. He was ruler of the March of Verona from 1112 until 1130.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Life", "target_page_ids": [ 3330892, 58447, 9961239 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 23, 41 ], [ 55, 63 ], [ 95, 110 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "He styled himself Dominus in Baden, comes Brisgaviae, marchio Verona. In English, his titles were: Lord in Baden, Count of Brisgau, Margrave of Verona. Around 1070 Hermann began to build Castle Hohenbaden on top of the remains of an old Celtic structure. After the structure was completed in 1112, he gave himself the title Margrave of Baden.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Life", "target_page_ids": [ 69304, 40684169, 196470, 364854, 196475, 263991, 6546 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 99, 103 ], [ 107, 112 ], [ 114, 119 ], [ 123, 130 ], [ 132, 140 ], [ 144, 150 ], [ 237, 241 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "He rebuilt the Augustine monastery that his father had built in Backnang in 1123. Hermann was laid to rest in the monastery with the inscription:", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Life", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "\"In this tomb lies the Margrave Hermann of Baden, who was the founder of this monastery and temple. He died in the year thousand increased by hundred and three times ten fronm the time on when the pious virgin bore . When he was transferred here along with his descendancy, fifteen hundred years had passed, thereto ten onandall three.\"", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Life", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Hermann II married Judit of Hohenberg and had the following children:", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Family and children", "target_page_ids": [ 8862535 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 28, 37 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Hermann III (d. January 16, 1160)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Family and children", "target_page_ids": [ 4117128 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 11 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Judith (d. 1162), married Ulrich I of Carinthia (d. 1144)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Family and children", "target_page_ids": [ 68445217, 41665324 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 6 ], [ 26, 47 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Florian Lamke: Die frühen Markgrafen von Baden, die Hessonen und die Zähringer. In: Zeitschrift für die Geschichte des Oberrheins. 154 (2006) () S. 21–42.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "References", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "Margraves_of_Baden", "1060s_births", "1130_deaths", "Year_of_birth_uncertain", "Burials_at_Backnang_Abbey" ]

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[ { "plaintext": "\"21st Century (Digital Boy)\" is a song by the punk rock group Bad Religion. It was originally recorded in 1990 on their fifth full-length studio album Against the Grain and re-recorded on the 1994 album Stranger Than Fiction. The following year it was included on the All Ages compilation release.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 23037, 168409, 930225, 346988, 1103702 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 46, 55 ], [ 62, 74 ], [ 151, 168 ], [ 203, 224 ], [ 268, 276 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Although the Against the Grain version was not released as a single, the Stranger Than Fiction version was a popular hit. The hit version was also featured on the 2002 compilation Punk Rock Songs, which was not endorsed by the band.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 930225, 346988, 1141633 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 13, 30 ], [ 73, 94 ], [ 180, 195 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In 1994, Bad Religion re-recorded the song for their eighth studio album Stranger Than Fiction. Guitarist Brett Gurewitz claimed that Bad Religion re-recorded it because their then-label Atlantic Records said they did not \"hear a single\" in that album and thought the song was a hit so they asked the band to redo it.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Re-recording", "target_page_ids": [ 346988, 215211, 59610 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 73, 94 ], [ 106, 120 ], [ 187, 203 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "When also asked why \"21st Century (Digital Boy)\" would be re-recorded for Stranger Than Fiction, bassist Jay Bentley replied:", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Re-recording", "target_page_ids": [ 991640 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 105, 116 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "[We re-released the song] because we were playing it every night since 1989, '90. It wasn't that we weren't happy with it. I was thrilled with it. I thought it was a great song. Brett just happened to think that we were playing it better than we played it on the record. He just thought it was the one song of his that had a snowball's chance in hell of being popular. I think one of Brett's quests as a song writer was to write a pop hit. That's hard to do when you're in a punk rock band. He always thought that song could be a pop hit, and he fought for it to get on the record and to be a single. I eventually got tired of saying 'that's not what we do'. That's what he wanted to do when he was a member of the band at the time and we all went 'well, OK, if you feel that strongly about it, we'll put it on the record'. We have a very democratic process which is that if 3 members vote one way, then it's going to happen, unless one member feels so strongly about it, then we all just concede and say that's cool.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Re-recording", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The lyrics of the song could be interpreted as a rejection of modern consumerist culture, as exemplified in the lyrics \"I'm a 21st Century Digital Boy / I don't know how to live, but I've got a lot of toys\". This alienation and rejection of consumerism and mainstream culture is a common theme in the music of Bad Religion. The bridge includes references to the group's two previous records (as of the original recording), Suffer and No Control. Contrary to rumor, \"21st Century (Digital Boy)\" was not written or performed live in 1988 nor was it going to appear on No Control.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Meaning and composition", "target_page_ids": [ 170522, 197514, 445353 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 69, 80 ], [ 423, 429 ], [ 434, 444 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The song pays homage to King Crimson's \"21st Century Schizoid Man\", even incorporating some of its lyrics towards the end:", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Meaning and composition", "target_page_ids": [ 16616, 4094632 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 24, 36 ], [ 40, 65 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Cat's foot iron claw", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Meaning and composition", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Neuro-surgeons scream for more", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Meaning and composition", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Innocents raped with napalm fire", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Meaning and composition", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The line \"everything I want I really need\" that follows is a play on \"21st Century Schizoid Man\"'s \"nothing he's got he really needs.\" The principal difference between the two versions is after that line. On the original Against the Grain version, as the song fades out, Graffin sings the title of the song four more times with a different word instead of \"digital\" (including \"21st Century Schizoid Boy\" in reference to King Crimson's song) backed with another guitar solo. Stranger Than Fiction'''s version ends with one final \"Ain't life a mystery?\" line.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Meaning and composition", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Excerpt from a 2010 interview with Greg Graffin in Scientific American:", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Meaning and composition", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Q: \"Your most famous song is \"21st Century Digital Boy,\" which pokes fun at our gadget-laden era.\"<p>A: \"Oh no, we love technology and gadgets. We use irony in 60 percent of our music. \"21st Century Digital Boy\" is an ironic twist characterizing the youth of today. The truth is that even though the song was written in 1990, it was clear that the youth were going to be affected for good and bad by digital technology. It's probably because we loved video games so much.\"", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Meaning and composition", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The Against the Grain version is available as downloadable content in both Rock Band 2 and Guitar Hero World Tour. Guitar Hero World Tour incorrectly notes 2004 instead of 1990 as its date of the song. The 2004 date could possibly be referring to Against the Grains remastered date.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "In modern culture", "target_page_ids": [ 930225, 17601372, 13110319 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 4, 21 ], [ 75, 86 ], [ 91, 113 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The Dylan Ratigan Show, a television program on the news channel MSNBC, used the song as background music during a segment targeting \"Facebook addiction\".", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "In modern culture", "target_page_ids": [ 23440526, 159846 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 22 ], [ 65, 70 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " The song was covered in 2006 as \"21st Century Digital Girl\" by German trance/dance group Groove Coverage.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Cover versions", "target_page_ids": [ 1447145, 30900, 1479402 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 34, 59 ], [ 71, 77 ], [ 90, 105 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " The band Radio Cult released a cover of the song on their album \"Grooves from the Grave\" in 2008.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Cover versions", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " The song also appears on the 1994 live album Hel! by Swedish Trallpunk band Charta 77.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Cover versions", "target_page_ids": [ 29380512, 20363160, 11071590 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 54, 61 ], [ 62, 71 ], [ 77, 86 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "\"21st Century Digital Girl'\" is the third and final single from the album 21st Century'' by German Eurodance group Groove Coverage. The song is an adaptation of Bad Religion's \"21st Century Digital Boy\".", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "\"21st Century Digital Girl\"", "target_page_ids": [ 5916361, 152735, 724508, 1479402, 168409 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 74, 86 ], [ 92, 98 ], [ 99, 108 ], [ 115, 130 ], [ 161, 173 ] ] } ]

[ "Bad_Religion_songs", "1994_singles", "1990_songs", "American_alternative_rock_songs", "Songs_written_by_Brett_Gurewitz", "Groove_Coverage_songs", "Songs_written_by_Lou_Bega", "Number-one_singles_in_Hungary", "Songs_about_consumerism" ]

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[ { "plaintext": "New Lots Avenue may refer to the following stations of the New York City Subway in Brooklyn:", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 285510 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 59, 79 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "New Lots Avenue (BMT Canarsie Line) at Van Sinderen Avenue; serving the train", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 2980641 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 35 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "New Lots Avenue (IRT New Lots Line) at Livonia Avenue; serving the trains", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 729517 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 35 ] ] } ]

[]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "Serena most commonly refers to:", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Serena Williams (born 1981), professional tennis player", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 164910 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 16 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Serena may also refer to:", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Serena (genre), 13th-century Occitan poetic genre", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Arts, entertainment, and media", "target_page_ids": [ 70354731 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 15 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Serena (1962 film), a British crime thriller", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Arts, entertainment, and media", "target_page_ids": [ 39469012 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 19 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Serena (2014 film), an American drama film starring Jennifer Lawrence and Bradley Cooper", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Arts, entertainment, and media", "target_page_ids": [ 38617009 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 19 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Serena: The Other Side of Greatness, a TV documentary about the tennis player Serena Williams", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Arts, entertainment, and media", "target_page_ids": [ 164910 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 79, 94 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Serena (novel), by Ron Rash", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Arts, entertainment, and media", "target_page_ids": [ 42222724 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 15 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Serena Maneesh, a rock band", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Arts, entertainment, and media", "target_page_ids": [ 4036630 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 15 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Serena (video game), a horror adventure game", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Arts, entertainment, and media", "target_page_ids": [ 42165075 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 20 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Nissan Serena, a people carrier/minivan", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Brands and enterprises", "target_page_ids": [ 6715099 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 13 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Serena Hotels", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Brands and enterprises", "target_page_ids": [ 6125712 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 13 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Serena Software", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Brands and enterprises", "target_page_ids": [ 27265595 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 15 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Aldo Serena, Italian football player", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "People", "target_page_ids": [ 6192475 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 12 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Bill Serena, American baseball player", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "People", "target_page_ids": [ 20855540 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 12 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Fernando Serena, Spanish football player", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "People", "target_page_ids": [ 9996800 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 16 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Gustavo Serena, Italian actor and film director", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "People", "target_page_ids": [ 14864653 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 15 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Michele Serena, Italian football player", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "People", "target_page_ids": [ 11207975 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 15 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Ottavio Serena (1837–1914), Italian politician, judge, prefect, and historian", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "People", "target_page_ids": [ 58814481 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 15 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Serena (name)", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "People", "target_page_ids": [ 20139032 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 13 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Serena (actress), pornographic actress", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "People", "target_page_ids": [ 2221380 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 17 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Serena, Illinois", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Places", "target_page_ids": [ 6598707 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 16 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Serena Waterpark, in Lahnus, Espoo, Finland", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Places", "target_page_ids": [ 70701438, 61515210 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 16 ], [ 21, 27 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Séréna, a town in Burkina Faso", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Places", "target_page_ids": [ 17747850 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 6 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "La Serena, Chile", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Places", "target_page_ids": [ 1099204 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 16 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Serena Township, LaSalle County, Illinois", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Places", "target_page_ids": [ 9631162 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 41 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Costa Serena, a ship", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Other uses", "target_page_ids": [ 8939658 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 12 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Serena libre, an alcoholic cocktail", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Other uses", "target_page_ids": [ 14019525 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 12 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Serena's Song, a horse", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Other uses", "target_page_ids": [ 14989455 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 13 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Siren (mythology), a bird woman in Greek mythology", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Other uses", "target_page_ids": [ 51017 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 17 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Serena, Samantha's identical twin cousin in Bewitched", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Other uses", "target_page_ids": [ 399353 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 44, 53 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "La Serena (disambiguation)", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 15821105 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 26 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Serina (disambiguation)", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 7493088 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 23 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Sirena (journal), a journal of poetry and art", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 6015133 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 16 ] ] } ]

[]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "Mario Tokić (born 23 July 1975) is a former Croatian footballer who last managed Lokomotiva.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 5573, 10568, 12380859 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 44, 51 ], [ 53, 63 ], [ 81, 91 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "He retired following the end of the 2010–11 season.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Mario Tokić started his professional career in NK Rijeka in 1992. After six years, in 1998 he moved to Dinamo Zagreb. In 2001, he was transferred to the Austrian side Grazer AK, where he played until 2005, while at Grazer AK he scored what was called his best goal against Liverpool in a champions league qualifier, despite winning 1-0 Grazer AK still lost the tie 2-1.when he moved to Austria Wien. At the end of the 2006-07 season Tokić announced he would be joining Austria's arch rivals Rapid for the new season. In August 2009, after two seasons with Rapid, the club announced that the contract with Tokić was cancelled.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 896129, 34189153, 887879, 18119, 895568 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 47, 56 ], [ 103, 116 ], [ 167, 176 ], [ 273, 282 ], [ 386, 398 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Tokić was part of the Croatian squad at Euro 2004 and the 2006 World Cup, but did not play any games at either tournament.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 715240, 372770 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 22, 36 ], [ 40, 49 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On 6 July 2016, following the sacking of Valentin Barišić, Tokić was named manager of NK Lokomotiva.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Managerial career", "target_page_ids": [ 12380859 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 86, 99 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In December 2016 Tokić returning the manager of NK Lokomotiva.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Managerial career", "target_page_ids": [ 12380859 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 48, 61 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Dinamo Zagreb", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Prva HNL: 1998-99, 1999-00", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 1510519, 17573969, 17573974 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 8 ], [ 10, 17 ], [ 19, 26 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Croatian Cup: 2001", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 1878567, 26980100 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 12 ], [ 14, 18 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Grazer AK", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Austrian Bundesliga: 2003-04", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 1946366, 17472413 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 19 ], [ 21, 28 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "ÖFB Cup: 2002, 2004", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 30864206, 30864206, 30864206 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 7 ], [ 9, 13 ], [ 15, 19 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Austrian Super Cup: 2002", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 4159240, 4159240 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 18 ], [ 20, 24 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Austria Wien", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Austrian Bundesliga: 2005-06", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 1946366, 17472421 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 19 ], [ 21, 28 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "ÖFB Cup: 2006, 2007", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 30864206, 32711680, 49790113 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 7 ], [ 9, 13 ], [ 15, 19 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Rapid Wien", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Austrian Bundesliga: 2007-08", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 1946366, 12130306 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 19 ], [ 21, 28 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Austrian Super Cup: 2008", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 4159240, 4159240 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 18 ], [ 20, 24 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "UEFA Intertoto Cup: 2007", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 616358, 9539055 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 18 ], [ 20, 24 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Mario Tokić profile, Player Details and Picture", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Guardian football", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "1975_births", "Living_people", "People_from_Derventa", "Croats_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina", "Croatia_international_footballers", "Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_emigrants_to_Croatia", "HNK_Rijeka_players", "GNK_Dinamo_Zagreb_players", "NK_Zagreb_players", "FK_Austria_Wien_players", "SK_Rapid_Wien_players", "Grazer_AK_players", "UEFA_Euro_2004_players", "2006_FIFA_World_Cup_players", "Croatian_Football_League_players", "Austrian_Football_Bundesliga_players", "Croatian_expatriate_footballers", "Expatriate_footballers_in_Austria", "Croatian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Austria", "Sportspeople_from_Rijeka", "Croatia_under-21_international_footballers", "Croatian_footballers", "Croatian_football_managers", "NK_Lokomotiva_Zagreb_managers", "Association_football_defenders" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "John Hamilton (3 February 1512 – 6 April 1571), Scottish prelate and politician, was an illegitimate son of The 1st Earl of Arran (in the Peerage of Scotland).", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 185996, 1995888, 409570 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 57, 64 ], [ 108, 129 ], [ 138, 157 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "At a very early age Hamilton became a monk and Abbot of Paisley. After studying in Paris he returned to Scotland, where he soon rose to a position of power and influence under his half-brother, The 2nd Earl of Arran, who was serving as Regent. He was made Keeper of the Privy Seal of Scotland in 1543 and bishop of Dunkeld two years later; in 1546 he followed Cardinal Beaton as Archbishop of St Andrews, and about the same time he became treasurer of the kingdom.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Brother of the Regent", "target_page_ids": [ 419369, 3440319, 1126982, 35348624, 1619046, 1082345, 334703, 3978177, 1990633 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 38, 42 ], [ 47, 63 ], [ 194, 215 ], [ 236, 242 ], [ 256, 292 ], [ 305, 322 ], [ 360, 375 ], [ 379, 403 ], [ 439, 463 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In 1553 the Italian physician Gerolamo Cardano cured him of a disease that had left him speechless and was thought incurable. The diplomat Thomas Randolph recorded the \"merry tales\" rumoured about his methods still current in Edinburgh nine years later. Cardano himself wrote that the Archbishop had been short of breath for ten years, and after the cure was effected by his assistant, he was paid 1,400 gold crowns. While the Archbishop was unwell, his brother was persuaded to give up the Regency of Scotland to Mary of Guise.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Brother of the Regent", "target_page_ids": [ 13145, 12801775, 71280 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 30, 46 ], [ 139, 154 ], [ 514, 527 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "He made vigorous efforts to stay the growth of Protestantism, but with one or two exceptions persecution was not the policy of Archbishop Hamilton, and in the interests of the Roman Catholic religion a catechism called Hamilton's Catechism (published with an introduction by TG Law in 1884) was drawn up and printed, possibly at his instigation.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Brother of the Regent", "target_page_ids": [ 25814008, 606848, 295855 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 47, 60 ], [ 176, 190 ], [ 202, 211 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Having incurred the displeasure of the Protestants, now the dominant party in Scotland, the Archbishop was imprisoned in 1563. After his release he was an active partisan of Mary, Queen of Scots; he baptised her son, the future King James VI, and pronounced the divorce of the queen from Bothwell. He was present at the Battle of Langside.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Brother of the Regent", "target_page_ids": [ 4411276, 20603, 269055, 70613, 227190 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 162, 170 ], [ 174, 194 ], [ 228, 241 ], [ 288, 296 ], [ 320, 338 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "John Hamilton, with his brother James, acquired a house on the south side of Linlithgow High Street in 1550. In 1570 from this house, his nephew or close kinsman, James Hamilton of Bothwellhaugh, assassinated James Stuart, Earl of Moray, the Regent of Scotland. During the aftermath, John Hamilton later took refuge in Dumbarton Castle.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Assassination of Regent Moray", "target_page_ids": [ 5665164, 22405987, 382866, 2012289 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 77, 87 ], [ 163, 194 ], [ 209, 236 ], [ 319, 335 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The castle fell to a surprise night attack, led by Thomas Crawford of Jordanhill, and Archbishop Hamilton was captured. Concerned lest the English should seek to have the Archbishop spared, the leaders of the King's party had Hamilton speedily tried and convicted of art and part in the murder of the Regent Moray and King Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley. At 6pm on 6 April 1571, three days after his capture, he was hanged beside the Mercat Cross of Stirling.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Assassination of Regent Moray", "target_page_ids": [ 5725895, 2891878, 70208, 4401858, 61311 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 51, 66 ], [ 267, 279 ], [ 323, 349 ], [ 430, 442 ], [ 446, 454 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Archbishop Hamilton had six children by his mistress, Grizzel Sempill, the daughter of Robert Sempill, 3rd Lord Sempill. Two of his children were legitimated on 22 January 1547 and 24 September 1548 respectively.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Children", "target_page_ids": [ 37849725 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 87, 119 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Rainer Haas, Allerlei Protestanten – Christus-Zeugen aus der Tudor-Zeit, darin: 5. John Hamilton – war der spätere Erzbischof von St.Andrews 1527 als Student in Marburg an der Lahn?, Nordhausen, 2010", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Notes and references", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Horoscope of John Hamilton, by Gerolamo Cardano, In Cl. Ptolemaei de Astrorum Indiciis , Basel (1554)", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "Archbishops_of_St_Andrews", "16th-century_Roman_Catholic_archbishops_in_Scotland", "University_of_Paris_alumni", "Executed_politicians", "Executed_Roman_Catholic_priests", "Members_of_the_pre-1707_Parliament_of_Scotland", "Executed_Scottish_people", "Chancellors_of_the_University_of_St_Andrews", "1512_births", "1571_deaths", "16th-century_executions_by_Scotland", "Treasurers_of_Scotland", "People_executed_by_the_Kingdom_of_Scotland_by_hanging", "House_of_Hamilton", "Bishops_of_Dunkeld_(pre-Reformation)", "Scottish_bishops_1560–1638" ]

[ "Most Rev. John Hamilton" ]

[ { "plaintext": "Jerko Leko (born 9 April 1980) is a Croatian professional football manager and former player, who is the current manager of the second-tier Druga HNL club Jarun. He primarily played as a central midfielder, but could also operate as a right one, or more defensively, as a right-back.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 10568, 5468399, 10669, 1735495, 59442633, 548981, 548981, 649702 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 58, 66 ], [ 67, 74 ], [ 86, 92 ], [ 140, 149 ], [ 155, 160 ], [ 187, 205 ], [ 235, 240 ], [ 272, 282 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Leko's career began with Dinamo Zagreb in 2000 in his native Croatia, although he was not an immediate success. After spending some time on loan at Croatia Sesvete, he became a regular starter in 2001–02 season, helping Dinamo win the Croatian Cup, scoring in the final against Varteks Varaždin and being named Man of the Match. Leko eventually moved to Dynamo Kyiv in 2002 for €5.5 million (then a club record). In his first season in Ukraine, Dynamo won the double, with Leko playing 18 times.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 34189153, 11469806, 1878567, 37739107, 906698, 889025, 88184 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 25, 38 ], [ 148, 163 ], [ 235, 247 ], [ 278, 294 ], [ 311, 327 ], [ 354, 365 ], [ 460, 466 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In February 2006, it was announced that Leko would be leaving Dynamo Kyiv, having turned down a new contract offer. He subsequently signed for French side AS Monaco on a free transfer on 4 June 2006.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 222981 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 155, 164 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In July 2009, The Times reported that he had turned down a move to English Premier League club Wolverhampton Wanderers as they would not meet his wage demands of £30,000 per week (approx. $49,000) net. On 18 June 2010, Bucaspor signed Leko to a two-year deal on a free transfer from Monaco. On 25 May, it was confirmed that Leko signed a two-year deal with Dinamo Zagreb.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 39127, 11250, 217730, 8332576 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 14, 23 ], [ 75, 89 ], [ 95, 118 ], [ 219, 227 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In August 2014 he moved to NK Lokomotiva on loan. In 2015, he permanently joined Lokomotiva for the last season of his professional career.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 12380859 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 27, 40 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Leko made his Croatia national team debut in 2002 against Hungary, but was not included in the 2002 World Cup squad. He scored a goal in a 4–0 victory against Belgium in a Euro 2004 qualifier, and was included in the final stage's squad, but only played 22 minutes during the tournament.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 715240, 679739, 52622, 679716, 679447, 372770 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 14, 35 ], [ 58, 65 ], [ 95, 109 ], [ 159, 166 ], [ 172, 191 ], [ 213, 230 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Selected to represent the nation in the 2006 World Cup, Leko made two substitute appearances, against Brazil and Australia. He was also part of the final squad for Euro 2008.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 157233, 149286, 4792249, 662351 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 40, 54 ], [ 102, 108 ], [ 113, 122 ], [ 164, 173 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "At the tournament quarter-final clash between Croatia and Turkey, Leko was supposed to make his first appearance in the competition as a late substitute as Slaven Bilić wanted to put him on to hold on for a Croatian victory. However, officiating referee Roberto Rosetti disallowed the substitution from occurring as he also allowed Turkey an extra two minutes to find a late equalizer to send the game to a penalty shootout which Turkey eventually won. Leko's last international appearance came two years after Euro 2008 in a qualifying match in 2011 for Euro 2012, again against Turkey.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 743577, 4422831, 5519166, 674353, 662351, 2182477 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 58, 64 ], [ 156, 168 ], [ 254, 269 ], [ 407, 423 ], [ 511, 520 ], [ 555, 564 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Leko started his managerial career by succeeding Besnik Prenga on the bench of Lokomotiva's U19s in the summer of 2017, leading them through 2017–18 UEFA Youth League. They were, however, eliminated by Željezničar in the second round.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Managerial career", "target_page_ids": [ 46218380, 12380859, 52337175, 828181, 54667733 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 49, 62 ], [ 79, 89 ], [ 141, 166 ], [ 202, 213 ], [ 221, 233 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On 5 January 2021, he succeeded Boris Perković on the bench of Hrvatski Dragovoljac, who held first place on the Druga HNL table at the time of his hiring. However, on 9 January 2021, just four days after the appointment at Hrvatski Dragovoljac, Leko left the club and succeeded Goran Tomić as the head coach of Lokomotiva in the Prva HNL. He had his managerial debut on 22 January in a home 3–0 defeat to Osijek. He achieved his first career victory on 30 January, beating Hajduk Split 1–0 away. He was sacked on 13 March, after a 1–0 defeat to Istra 1961.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Managerial career", "target_page_ids": [ 2710915, 64650372, 40815986, 1510519, 1515039, 861240, 1641288 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 63, 83 ], [ 113, 122 ], [ 279, 290 ], [ 330, 338 ], [ 406, 412 ], [ 474, 486 ], [ 546, 556 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In July, 2021, Leko was named the manager of Jarun in their debut season in the second-tier Druga HNL.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Managerial career", "target_page_ids": [ 59442633, 1735495 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 45, 50 ], [ 92, 101 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Dinamo Zagreb", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Croatian First League: 2011–12, 2012–13, 2013–14", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 1510519, 29032165, 35476257, 39646857 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 21 ], [ 23, 30 ], [ 32, 39 ], [ 41, 48 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Croatian Cup: 2000–01, 2001–02, 2011–12", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 1878567, 26980100, 27019510, 32539987 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 12 ], [ 14, 21 ], [ 23, 30 ], [ 32, 39 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Croatian Super Cup: 2002, 2013", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 2341821, 39647247 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 18 ], [ 26, 30 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Dynamo Kyiv", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Ukrainian Premier League: 2002–03, 2003–04", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 2322171, 4371328, 4371014 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 24 ], [ 26, 33 ], [ 35, 42 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Ukrainian Cup: 2002–03, 2004–05, 2005–06", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 4983496, 28059662, 28059641, 23663835 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 13 ], [ 15, 22 ], [ 24, 31 ], [ 33, 40 ] ] } ]

[ "1980_births", "Living_people", "Croatian_footballers", "Croatia_under-21_international_footballers", "Croatia_international_footballers", "Croatian_expatriate_footballers", "GNK_Dinamo_Zagreb_players", "NK_Lokomotiva_Zagreb_players", "NK_Croatia_Sesvete_players", "FC_Dynamo_Kyiv_players", "AS_Monaco_FC_players", "Bucaspor_footballers", "UEFA_Euro_2004_players", "2006_FIFA_World_Cup_players", "UEFA_Euro_2008_players", "Footballers_from_Zagreb", "Ligue_1_players", "Croatian_Football_League_players", "Süper_Lig_players", "Ukrainian_Premier_League_players", "Expatriate_footballers_in_Ukraine", "Expatriate_footballers_in_Monaco", "Expatriate_footballers_in_France", "Expatriate_footballers_in_Turkey", "Association_football_midfielders", "Croatian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Ukraine", "Croatian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Monaco", "Croatian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_France", "Croatian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Turkey", "NK_Lokomotiva_Zagreb_managers", "NK_Hrvatski_Dragovoljac_managers" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "Phua Chu Kang Pte Ltd, also known as PCK Pte Ltd or Phua Chu Kang for short (鬼馬家族 in Chinese), was a Singaporean sitcom which aired on MediaCorp TV Channel 5.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 27318, 20913980, 1572049 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 101, 110 ], [ 113, 119 ], [ 135, 157 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The sitcom centres on an eccentric general contractor with his trademark yellow boots, curly afro hair and large facial mole. While it carries the traditions of a sitcom, many unusual elements were used such as flashbacks, quick gags and celebrity cameo appearances.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 1315070 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 35, 53 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The name for Phua Chu Kang is based on the Hokkien romanization for the Chinese name 潘厝港.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Plot summary and cast", "target_page_ids": [ 18978679, 173533 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 43, 50 ], [ 51, 63 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The series revolves around the Phua family, most notably Phua Chu Kang (Gurmit Singh), a general contractor who boasts that he is the \"Best in Singapore, JB, and some say Batam\" - this is despite the fact that he has only two men working for him (names are King Kong [not to be confused with the fictional giant monster] and Ah Boon/Soon/Goon depending on which season) and they are both inept and lazy. He is also noted for his famous cliché or catchphrase: \"Don't play play\" (pronounced as \"pray pray\" according to his articulation). There is also another famous catchphrase which is used in his 2003 music video called \"PCK Sar-vivor Rap\", that is, \"Use your brain!\" (pronounced as \"blain\"). His personal clothing trademarks are his yellow pair of boots (bought in Beach Road), curly hair, a giant black mole, and long nails on his pinky fingers. Phua Chu Kang is portrayed as an \"Ah Beng\", which is a Singlish slang for a stereotypical, uneducated Chinese gangster, complete with habits such as hoisting one leg up on the seat of a chair when he sits down and growing one long fingernail to scratch his ears.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Plot summary and cast", "target_page_ids": [ 1016495, 1315070, 368790, 716783, 1245556, 251944, 251944, 6883456, 50524, 2200630, 21042139 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 72, 84 ], [ 89, 107 ], [ 154, 156 ], [ 171, 176 ], [ 292, 319 ], [ 446, 457 ], [ 566, 577 ], [ 769, 779 ], [ 808, 812 ], [ 885, 892 ], [ 906, 914 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Phua Chu Kang lives with his wife, Rosie Phua Chin Huay (Irene Ang) who loves gambling by playing mahjong and likes to buy clothes and go to Slimwrap. Phua Chu Kang also lives with his brother, Phua Chu Beng (Pierre Png) who works for PCK Pte Ltd as an architect (his speciality being designing toilets), while Chu Kang is often regarded as strong and witty, Chu Beng is the pliable, soft speaking compliant son. The one person who drives the whole family crazy is Phua Chu Beng's obsessive compulsive vegetarian wife, Margaret Phua Hwee Lian (Tan Kheng Hua) who is the president of the Vegetarian Society of Singapore and consistently makes fun of her brother and sister-in-law. Together, they have a son, Aloysius Phua (Marcus Ng). Another family member is Phua Ah Ma (Neo Swee Lin), Chu Kang and Chu Beng's mother. She left at the end of Season 4 to be with her new lover. Joining the cast after, is Ah Loon (Wendy Ng) who plays Rosie's overbearing mother.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Plot summary and cast", "target_page_ids": [ 19496, 7796298, 8040201, 56538757 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 98, 105 ], [ 209, 219 ], [ 544, 557 ], [ 771, 783 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Chu Kang's two lazy workers are the fat King Kong (Charlie Tan) who loves \"tau huay\" (a Chinese bean curd dessert) and attractive yet slow-witted Ah Goon (Ray Kuan) who dresses in revealing denim cut-offs all the time. During the first season, instead of Ah Goon, Ah Boon (Alwin Low) works with King Kong but was forced to leave after he had to work in Brunei. Ah Soon (Don Yap) replaced Ah Boon thereafter, however Ah Soon was needed to do his National Service (NS), hence Ah Goon took over Ah Soon.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Plot summary and cast", "target_page_ids": [ 1505891, 3466, 3540295 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 74, 84 ], [ 353, 359 ], [ 445, 461 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Edwin Chong acted as Phua Chu Beng (in season 1).", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Plot summary and cast", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Cheng Hui Chin (Seasons 1-4)", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Plot summary and cast", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Michelle Susay (Seasons 1-2)", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Plot summary and cast", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Phua Chu Kang Pte Ltd won \"Best Comedy Programme\" at the Asian Television Awards for six consecutive years from 1998 to 2003. The cast also won \"Best Comedy performance by an actress\"- Neo Swee Lin (1999), Tan Kheng Hua (2001) and Irene Ang (2002) as well as \"Best Comedy performance by an actor\"- Gurmit Singh (1998-2001 & 2003).", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Achievements", "target_page_ids": [ 2794268, 56538757, 8040201 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 57, 80 ], [ 185, 197 ], [ 206, 219 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The Phua Chu Kang character made his first appearance in the second season of Gurmit's World, a comedy in which Gurmit Singh portrayed his 'relatives' in a series of skits.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Other appearances", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "In The Amazing Race 3, PCK handed out clues at one of the detours. Participants in the race were required to locate a HDB apartment in Choa Chu Kang, Singapore where they would be given the clues by PCK. Apparently, the original idea was to have PCK at the pit stop alongside Phil Keoghan (at the end of every stage of The Amazing Race, there would be a local person dressed in traditional clothing welcoming the contestants to the country), but Singaporeans protested that this would give foreigners the wrong impression of the local people in general.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Other appearances", "target_page_ids": [ 897895, 709376, 265567, 987941, 901115 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 3, 21 ], [ 118, 121 ], [ 122, 131 ], [ 135, 148 ], [ 276, 288 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In 2003, during the SARS outbreak, PCK appeared in a music video called \"PCK Sar-vivor Rap\". This 4-minute-long music video is to teach the local people on how to prevent SARS in their country. It also comes with an audio version (with remix) of the song. In addition, a limited edition compilation album called \"The Sar-vivor Rap\" was launched on 1 July 2003. This album also includes 14 bonus tracks from artists such as Mandy Moore, Destiny's Child and Jessica Simpson. In 2020, PCK appeared in a new music video teaching Singaporeans about how to stay safe during the COVID-19 pandemic.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Other appearances", "target_page_ids": [ 196741, 365964, 169410, 4540726, 62750956 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 20, 24 ], [ 423, 434 ], [ 436, 451 ], [ 456, 471 ], [ 572, 589 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The character made guest appearances in one drama and three other local sitcoms: in the Mandarin drama The Hotel, in the sixth season of Under One Roof where he, King Kong and Ah Goon were called to do renovations for the house of Ah Teck and Dolly's son and daughter-in-law Paul and Anita, played by Andrew Lim and Selena Tan respectively, both in 2001, the Mandarin sitcom My Genie in 2002 together with Rosie, and ABC DJ in 2006 together with Rosie and Ah Goon.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Other appearances", "target_page_ids": [ 5375659, 936018, 18408298, 5608046 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 103, 112 ], [ 137, 151 ], [ 316, 326 ], [ 417, 423 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "PCK has also appeared on two TV advertisements. He, along with Chu Beng, made his first advertisement appearance regarding the introduction of 3G mobile services and phones in Malaysia by Maxis and an advertisement called Bob's Big Surprise. In 2003, PCK appeared in another commercial in Malaysia introducing plant-based administration for pain relief by Kinohimitsu that was aired on TV1, TV2 and TV3.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Other appearances", "target_page_ids": [ 282450, 3607937, 1707502, 3607937, 180121, 417111, 32827360, 1544583, 30861537, 1709522 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 143, 145 ], [ 176, 184 ], [ 188, 193 ], [ 289, 297 ], [ 322, 336 ], [ 341, 352 ], [ 356, 367 ], [ 386, 389 ], [ 391, 394 ], [ 399, 402 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On 23 May 2009, Phua Chu Kang and Rosie made their appearances on the Mass Rapid Transit (MRT), as part of a campaign by Singapore Kindness Movement and the public transport authorities. A music video titled \"A Happy Journey Starts Like That\", similar to the earlier \"PCK Sar-vivor Rap\", substitutes the security video that is currently shown at LCD displays on other MRT lines. The video reminds that commuters should be gracious and thus creating a happy journey for everyone.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Other appearances", "target_page_ids": [ 416499, 30413471 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 70, 88 ], [ 121, 148 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "This comedy is notable for its characters' use of Singlish (an English-based creole with Malay, Chinese, and other influences) in everyday conversation. Much like another popular Singaporean sitcom, Under One Roof, the show was put under pressure by the government to use formal English instead of intermittently incorporating colloquial Singlish. Critics of the show have labelled Phua Chu Kang as an inaccurate or disgraceful representation of Singapore, and denounced his appearance in The Amazing Race. However, Phua Chu Kang remains popular in Singapore and Malaysia.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Singlish criticism", "target_page_ids": [ 21042139, 49823, 936018 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 50, 58 ], [ 77, 83 ], [ 199, 213 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Phua Chu Kang Sdn Bhd", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 22235829 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 22 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Phua Chu Kang The Movie", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 28579296 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 24 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Phua Chu Kang - The Musical Official Site", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Phua Chu Kang Programme Showcase", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " An interview with the show's stars about Phua Chu Kang - The Musical (Article No. 1)", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " An interview with the show's stars about Phua Chu Kang - The Musical (Article No. 2)", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "1997_Singaporean_television_series_debuts", "2007_Singaporean_television_series_endings", "Fictional_gangsters", "Singaporean_television_sitcoms", "Fictional_companies", "Singaporean_comedy_television_series", "Channel_5_(Singapore)_original_programming" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "Billings Bridge is a station on the OC Transpo Transitway, adjacent to the Billings Bridge Plaza, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. It is named for, not only the plaza, but after Billings Bridge itself which is both a nearby bridge and neighbourhood (named for the early settler of the area, Braddish Billings). The transitway station itself is a major stop on the southern transitway-line due to its location near Bank Street, Ottawa's major north–south road and the mall itself. The station is located just south of the Plaza near the intersection between Bank Street and Riverside Drive.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 668751, 1012054, 916292, 1699875, 1704312, 500616, 22219, 500697 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 36, 46 ], [ 47, 57 ], [ 75, 96 ], [ 170, 185 ], [ 283, 300 ], [ 406, 417 ], [ 419, 425 ], [ 565, 580 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "There are two levels on the station. The upper level is on the transitway itself, while the lower level serves buses coming from the nearby Data Centre Road and Bank Street. There is a pedestrian bridge that leads from the lower level to the Plaza.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The station was officially opened with the southern transitway on September 3, 1995, replacing a temporary station which had existed on the site since the 1980s. Previously, the shopping centre had been served by buses which collected and discharged passengers at stops along the front of the plaza.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The following routes serve Billings Bridge:", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Service", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Routes , , , and serve this station during peak periods only.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Service", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Route starts and ends at this station on weekends and statutory holidays, as opposed to starting and ending at Carleton University.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Service", "target_page_ids": [ 1743891 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 113, 132 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "OC Transpo station page", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "OC Transpo Area Map", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "1983_establishments_in_Ontario", "Transitway_(Ottawa)_stations" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "Christopher Kasparek (born 1945) is a Scottish-born writer of Polish descent who has translated works by numerous authors, including Ignacy Krasicki, Bolesław Prus, Florian Znaniecki, Władysław Tatarkiewicz, Marian Rejewski, and Władysław Kozaczuk, as well as the Polish–Lithuanian Constitution of 3 May 1791.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 26994, 22936, 49202, 601880, 1061874, 1447455, 4349420, 3139283, 343234, 463477 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 38, 46 ], [ 62, 68 ], [ 133, 148 ], [ 150, 163 ], [ 165, 182 ], [ 184, 206 ], [ 208, 223 ], [ 229, 247 ], [ 264, 281 ], [ 282, 308 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "He has published papers on the history of the World War II era; Enigma decryption; Bolesław Prus and his novel Pharaoh; the theory and practice of translation; logology (science of science); multiple independent discovery; psychiatric nosology; and electronic health records.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 32927, 872175, 601880, 1401871, 18630637, 42403016, 4647220, 10857059, 1129641 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 46, 58 ], [ 64, 81 ], [ 83, 96 ], [ 111, 118 ], [ 147, 158 ], [ 160, 189 ], [ 191, 221 ], [ 223, 243 ], [ 249, 274 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Born in Edinburgh, Scotland, to Józef and Stanisława (Sylvia) Kasparek, Polish Armed Forces veterans of World War II, Kasparek lived several years in London, England, before moving with his family in 1951 to the United States.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Life", "target_page_ids": [ 9602, 26994, 1848409, 40153898, 32927, 17867, 9316, 3434750 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 8, 17 ], [ 19, 27 ], [ 32, 37 ], [ 72, 91 ], [ 104, 116 ], [ 150, 156 ], [ 158, 165 ], [ 212, 225 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In 1966 he graduated magna cum laude and Phi Beta Kappa from the University of California, Berkeley, where he had studied Polish literature with the future (1980) Nobel laureate Czesław Miłosz.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Life", "target_page_ids": [ 166504, 31922, 45387, 23385442, 6542 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 41, 55 ], [ 65, 99 ], [ 122, 139 ], [ 163, 168 ], [ 178, 192 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In 1978 Kasparek received an M.D. degree from Warsaw Medical School, in Poland. For 33 years, 1983–2016, he practiced psychiatry in California.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Life", "target_page_ids": [ 428966, 2255815, 22936, 18973869 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 29, 33 ], [ 46, 67 ], [ 72, 78 ], [ 119, 129 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Kasparek has translated works by historian of philosophy Władysław Tatarkiewicz (\"The Concept of Poetry,\" 1975; On Perfection, 1979; A History of Six Ideas: an Essay in Aesthetics, 1980); military historian Władysław Kozaczuk (Enigma: How the German Machine Cipher Was Broken, and How It Was Read by the Allies in World War Two, 1984); short-story writer, novelist, and philosopher Bolesław Prus (On Discoveries and Inventions; several stories; Pharaoh, translated from the Polish, with foreword and notes, by Christopher Kasparek, Amazon Kindle e-book, 2020, ASIN:BO8MDN6CZV); and other Polish authors.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Writer", "target_page_ids": [ 1447455, 3139283, 601880, 1401871, 14312829, 23916629 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 57, 79 ], [ 207, 225 ], [ 382, 395 ], [ 445, 452 ], [ 532, 545 ], [ 546, 552 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Kasparek's translation of the Constitution of 3 May 1791 (published 1985 and republished in many venues), is available — augmented with his translation of the Free Royal Cities Act — on Wikisource.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Writer", "target_page_ids": [ 463477, 8668793 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 30, 56 ], [ 159, 180 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "His translations of verse include selected Fables and Parables by Ignacy Krasicki.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Writer", "target_page_ids": [ 12236006, 1311274 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 20, 25 ], [ 43, 62 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "A partial list of works written or translated by Christopher Kasparek:", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " \"The Social Case of the Theory of Relativity: Why They Know Not What They Do, and How They Know Anything At All\", The Daily Californian, vol. 195, no. 6 (Tuesday, July 11, 1967) – Weekly Magazine [section], issue number 26, volume 2 (July 11, 1967) – pp.5–6, 8. ", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [ 172576 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 115, 136 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " review of Robert Olby, The Path to the Double Helix: The Discovery of DNA (1974), in Zagadnienia Naukoznawstwa (Logology [or] Science of Science; a quarterly), Warsaw, Polish Academy of Sciences, vol. 14, no 3, 1978, pp.461–63. ", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [ 5425959, 893139 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 11, 22 ], [ 169, 195 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " with Richard A. Woytak, \"In Memoriam Marian Rejewski\", Cryptologia, vol. 6, no. 1 (January 1982), pp.19–25.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [ 3140250, 4349420, 542527 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 6, 23 ], [ 38, 53 ], [ 56, 67 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " \"The Translator's Endless Toil\", The Polish Review, vol. XXVIII, no. 2, 1983, pp.83–87. ", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [ 18630637, 5042335 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 6, 16 ], [ 34, 51 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " with Richard A. Woytak, \"The Top Secret of World War II\", The Polish Review, vol. XXVIII, no. 2, 1983, pp.98–103. ", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [ 3140250, 5042335 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 6, 23 ], [ 59, 76 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " \"National System?\", Psychiatric News, 21 December 1990, p.17. Proposal to create an internet-linked system of computerized individual medical records which, with proper privacy safeguards, would make an individual's health history available to his attending physician, wherever the individual might find himself. This could prevent needless delays and errors in medical treatment and create an anonymized data source for epidemiological studies. ", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [ 66997 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 422, 437 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " \"Psychiatry and Special Interests\", The Psychiatric Times, February 1991, p.6. Discussed, among other things, are public confusion of psychiatry with psychology; the desirability of greater terminological clarity in psychiatry, e.g. by spelling \"Post-Traumatic-Stress Disorder\" with the two hyphens rather than with just the first hyphen; psychiatry's peculiar practice of capitalizing the names of psychiatric disorders (\"internal medicine... does not need to capitalize hepatitis or myocardial infarction\"); and a suggestion to replace the diagnostic term \"schizophrenia\" (which the lay public has often misread as \"split personality\") with \"psychosis\", which is, to all practical purposes, an orphan term. ", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [ 18973869, 22921 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 135, 145 ], [ 151, 161 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " \"Prescribing Privileges\", Psychiatric News, vol. XXVI, no. 18 (20 September 1991), p.17. Reductio ad absurdum of some psychologists' request that they be granted medication-prescribing privileges.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [ 22456146, 72132, 180121, 304263 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 91, 111 ], [ 120, 132 ], [ 164, 174 ], [ 175, 186 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " \"Time to Rename Schizophrenia\", Clinical Psychiatry News, vol. 21, no. 8 (August 1993), p.6. Proposal that the last psychiatric nosological entity still bearing a recondite Greek name be renamed to something more comprehensible, such as \"psychosis\". A precedent is the renaming of the former \"paranoia\" to the more descriptive \"delusional disorder\". (All the other \"psychotic disorders\" have their own specific names, and lumping them together as \"psychoses\" has no theoretical or practical advantage, especially since psychiatry's abandonment of the former antithetic term \"neurosis\"; thus the \"psychosis\" category is now essentially vacant.) A similar suggestion has since been made, in 2009, by psychiatrist Jim van Os, who has proposed that \"schizophrenia\" be renamed to \"psychotic spectrum disorder\".", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [ 27790, 18973869, 70533, 251047, 24514, 47588, 1977355, 27790, 8518910 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 17, 30 ], [ 117, 128 ], [ 129, 140 ], [ 329, 348 ], [ 367, 385 ], [ 576, 584 ], [ 712, 722 ], [ 747, 760 ], [ 777, 804 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " \"Prus' Pharaoh: the Creation of a Historical Novel\", The Polish Review, vol. XXXIX, no. 1, 1994, pp.45–50.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [ 1401871, 5042335 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 8, 15 ], [ 54, 71 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " \"Two Micro-stories by Bolesław Prus\", The Polish Review, vol. XL, no. 1, 1995, pp.99–103.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [ 842701, 601880, 5042335 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 6, 19 ], [ 23, 36 ], [ 39, 56 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " \"Prus' Pharaoh: Primer on Power\", The Polish Review, vol. XL, no. 3, 1995, pp.331–34.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [ 1401871, 5042335 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 8, 15 ], [ 35, 52 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " \"Prus' Pharaoh and the Wieliczka Salt Mine\", The Polish Review, vol. XLII, no. 3, 1997, pp.349–55.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [ 1401871, 5522313, 5042335 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 8, 15 ], [ 24, 43 ], [ 46, 63 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " \"Prus' Pharaoh and the Solar Eclipse\", The Polish Review, vol. XLII, no. 4, 1997, pp.471–78.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [ 1401871, 5042335 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 8, 15 ], [ 40, 57 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " \"Enigma and Poland Revisited\", The Polish Review, vol. XLVII, no. 1, 2002, pp.97–103.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [ 625326, 5042335 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 2, 8 ], [ 32, 49 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " \"A Futurological Note: Prus on H.G. Wells and the Year 2000,\" The Polish Review, vol. XLVIII, no. 1, 2003, pp.89–100.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [ 1508301, 13459, 5042335 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 4, 17 ], [ 32, 42 ], [ 63, 80 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " partial \"Corrigendum\" – to Christopher Kasparek's \"A Futurological Note: Prus on H.G. Wells and the Year 2000\" – in The Polish Review, vol. XLVIII, no. 3, 2003, p.387. ", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [ 5042335 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 117, 134 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " \"Krystyna Skarbek: Re-viewing Britain's Legendary Polish Agent\", The Polish Review, vol. XLIX, no. 3, 2004, pp.945–953.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [ 353253, 5042335 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 2, 18 ], [ 67, 84 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " letter to the editor – responding to \"Krystyna Skarbek: a Letter\" from Ronald Nowicki, pp.93–101 in vol. L, no. 1, 2005 – in The Polish Review, vol. L, no. 2, 2005, pp.253–55, including corrections to typographical errors in Christopher Kasparek's article on Krystyna Skarbek in The Polish Review, vol. XLIX, no. 3, 2004.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [ 353253, 23382205, 5042335 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 39, 55 ], [ 72, 86 ], [ 126, 143 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " review of Michael Alfred Peszke, The Polish Underground Army, the Western Allies, and the Failure of Strategic Unity in World War II, foreword by Piotr S. Wandycz, Jefferson, North Carolina, McFarland and Company, 2005, , in The Polish Review, vol. L, no. 2, 2005, pp.237–41.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [ 1472777, 5828936, 5042335 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 11, 32 ], [ 147, 163 ], [ 226, 243 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " review of Michael Alfred Peszke, The Armed Forces of Poland in the West, 1939–46: Strategic Concepts, Planning, Limited Success but No Victory!, Solihull, Helion, 2013, ; and Polskie siły abrojne na Zachodzie, 1939-1946: Koncepcje strategiczne i realia geopolityki [The Polish Armed Forces in the West, 1939-1946: Strategic Concepts and Geopolitical Realities], translated [into Polish] by Tomasz Fiedorek, Poznań, Dom Wydawniczy Rebis, 2014, ; in The Polish Review, vol. 61, no. 1, 2016, pp.101–102.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [ 1472777, 5042335 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 11, 32 ], [ 449, 466 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Ignacy Krasicki, Fables and Parables, 1779", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [ 49202, 1311274 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 16 ], [ 18, 37 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Constitution of 3 May 1791", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Bolesław Prus, On Discoveries and Inventions (public lecture, 1873), by Aleksander Głowacki (Bolesław Prus's birth name) ", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [ 601880, 601880 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 14 ], [ 94, 107 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Bolesław Prus, \"Fading Voices\" (microstory, 1883)", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [ 601880, 842701 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 14 ], [ 33, 43 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Bolesław Prus, \"Mold of the Earth\" (microstory, 1884); reprinted in electronic and book venues, including Alan Ziegler, ed., Short: An International Anthology of Five Centuries of Short-Short Stories, Prose Poems, Brief Essays, and Other Short Prose Forms, New York, Persea Books, 2014, pp.35–37.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [ 601880, 842701 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 14 ], [ 37, 47 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Bolesław Prus, \"The Living Telegraph\" (microstory, 1884)", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [ 601880, 842701 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 14 ], [ 40, 50 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Bolesław Prus, \"Shades\" (microstory, 1885)", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [ 601880, 842701 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 14 ], [ 26, 36 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Bolesław Prus, \"A Legend of Old Egypt\" (short story, 1888)", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [ 601880, 28296 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 14 ], [ 41, 52 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Bolesław Prus, Pharaoh (historical novel, 1895) – Pharaoh, translated from the Polish by Christopher Kasparek, illustrated by Ewa Bogucka, Warsaw, Polonia Publishers, 1991, ", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [ 601880, 1401871, 42142, 1401871 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 14 ], [ 16, 23 ], [ 25, 41 ], [ 51, 58 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Bolesław Prus, Pharaoh (historical novel, 1895) – Pharaoh, translated from the Polish by Christopher Kasparek, Warsaw, Polestar Publications, 2001, . A slightly revised translation of Pharaoh.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [ 601880, 1401871, 42142, 1401871 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 14 ], [ 16, 23 ], [ 25, 41 ], [ 51, 58 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Bolesław Prus, Pharaoh (historical novel, 1895) – Pharaoh, translated from the Polish, with foreword and notes, by Christopher Kasparek, Amazon Kindle e-book, 2020, ASIN:BO8MDN6CZV. A further refined translation of Pharaoh.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [ 601880, 1401871, 42142, 1401871, 14312829, 23916629 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 14 ], [ 16, 23 ], [ 25, 41 ], [ 51, 58 ], [ 138, 151 ], [ 152, 158 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Bolesław Prus, The Most General Life Ideals (excerpts from book, 2nd ed., 1905)", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [ 601880 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 14 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Władysław Tatarkiewicz, Zarys dziejów filozofii w Polsce (A Brief History of Philosophy in Poland), Kraków, Polish Academy of Learning, 1948 – the first half appeared as \"Outline of the History of Philosophy in Poland\" in The Polish Review, vol. XVIII, no. 3, 1973, pp.73–85 ", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [ 1447455, 6459796, 16815, 1275558, 5042335 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 23 ], [ 59, 98 ], [ 101, 107 ], [ 109, 135 ], [ 223, 240 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Władysław Tatarkiewicz, \"The Concept of Poetry\", Dialectics and Humanism: The Polish Philosophical Quarterly, vol. II, no. 2 (spring 1975), pp.13–24.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [ 1447455, 22926 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 23 ], [ 41, 47 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Władysław Tatarkiewicz, \"Closing Address\", Dialectics and Humanism: The Polish Philosophical Quarterly, vol. III, no. 2 (spring 1976), pp.168–70. Address delivered by Professor Tatarkiewicz at a scholarly conference honoring his 90th birthday; it anticipates some themes of his Wspomnienia (Memoirs) published in 1979. ", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [ 1447455 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 23 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Władysław Tatarkiewicz, \"Creativity: History of the Concept\", Dialectics and Humanism: The Polish Philosophical Quarterly, vol. IV, no. 3 (summer 1977), pp.48–63.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [ 1447455, 142910 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 23 ], [ 26, 36 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Władysław Tatarkiewicz, O doskonałości (1976 book) – the English translation, On Perfection, was serialized 1979–81 in Dialectics and Humanism: The Polish Philosophical Quarterly, and was reprinted in the book, Władysław Tatarkiewicz, On perfection, Warsaw University Press, 1992, pp.9–51 (the latter English-language book is a collection of papers by and about the late Professor Tatarkiewicz).", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [ 1447455, 1928374 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 23 ], [ 82, 92 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Władysław Tatarkiewicz, A History of Six Ideas: An Essay in Aesthetics, The Hague, Martinus Nijhoff, 1980, ", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [ 1447455, 2130 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 23 ], [ 61, 71 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Florian Znaniecki, \"The Subject Matter and Tasks of the Science of Knowledge\" (1923), in Bohdan Walentynowicz, ed., Polish Contributions to the Science of Science, Dordrecht, Holland, D. Reidel Publishing Company, 1982, , pp.1–81.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [ 1061874 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 18 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Tadeusz Kotarbiński, \"A Review of Questions in the Science of Science\" (1965), in Bohdan Walentynowicz, ed., Polish Contributions to the Science of Science, Dordrecht, Holland, D. Reidel Publishing Company, 1982, , pp.96–125. ", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [ 1022909 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 20 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Richard A. Woytak, \"A Conversation with Marian Rejewski (transcribed and translated by Christopher Kasparek)\", Cryptologia, vol. 6, no. 1 (January 1982), pp.50–60. Highlights of Woytak's 24 July 1978 interview, and of letters from Rejewski to Woytak between 26 October 1978 and 25 November 1979. ", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [ 3140250, 4349420, 542527 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 18 ], [ 41, 56 ], [ 112, 123 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Marian Rejewski, \"Remarks on Appendix 1 to British Intelligence in the Second World War by F.H. Hinsley\", Cryptologia, vol. 6, no. 1 (January 1982), pp.75–83. Rejewski drew up these \"Remarks\" expressly for Richard Woytak.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [ 4349420, 1811564, 542527, 3140250 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 16 ], [ 92, 104 ], [ 107, 118 ], [ 207, 221 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Eugeniusz Geblewicz, \"An Analysis of the Concept of Goal\" (1932), in Wojciech Gasparski and Tadeusz Pszczołowski, eds., Praxiological Studies: Polish Contributions to the Science of Efficient Action, Dordrecht, Holland, D. Reidel Publishing Company, 1983, , pp.47–59. ", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Władysław Kozaczuk, Enigma: How the German Machine Cipher Was Broken, and How It Was Read by the Allies in World War II, edited and translated by Christopher Kasparek, Frederick, Maryland, University Publications of America, 1984, ", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [ 3139283, 872175 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 19 ], [ 21, 27 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " \"Kasparek, Christopher,\" Who's Who in Polish America, 1996–1997, New York, Bicentennial Publishing Corp., 1996, , p.186.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "References", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " \"Christopher Kasparek\" Cited by Google Scholar", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "References", "target_page_ids": [ 1520204 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 33, 47 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Bibliographic essay: A world at arms by Gerhard L. Weinberg; Enigma by Kozaczuk, trans. by Christopher Kasparek. University Publications of America, Frederic MD, 1984.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "References", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The Translator's Endless Toil (paper by Christopher Kasparek in The Polish Review, 1983).", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [ 5042335 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 65, 82 ] ] } ]

[ "1945_births", "Living_people", "University_of_California,_Berkeley_alumni", "American_people_of_Polish_descent", "American_psychiatrists", "American_male_non-fiction_writers", "20th-century_American_historians", "20th-century_American_male_writers", "21st-century_American_historians", "21st-century_American_male_writers", "American_translators", "American_translation_scholars", "Translators_from_Polish", "Polish–English_translators" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "Marko Babić (born 28 January 1981) is a Croatian football manager and former professional footballer. He primarily played as left midfielder, but was also often deployed as a left-back.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 5468399, 10568, 548981, 649702 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 59, 66 ], [ 91, 101 ], [ 126, 141 ], [ 176, 185 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Babić began his senior career with Osijek in 1997. However, he only made 16 league appearances before moving to Germany to join Bayer Leverkusen. He became a regular for the club, and made 144 league appearances before joining Spanish side Real Betis. He was less successful here, and made 12 league appearances in two years, while his spells at Hertha BSC and Real Zaragoza were brief. In 2010, Babić returned to Osijek, but struggled to re-establish himself, and made just 26 league appearances in two years. A switch to LASK Linz followed in 2013, but this yielded just eight league matches before he left the club and afterwards retiring from professional football.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 1515039, 502005, 834322, 1136626, 84496, 5644175 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 35, 41 ], [ 128, 144 ], [ 240, 250 ], [ 346, 356 ], [ 361, 374 ], [ 523, 532 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Having represented Croatia at under-15, under-17, under-18, under-19, and under-20 levels between 1996 and 2001, Babić made his under-21 and senior international debut in 2002, and made 49 appearances for the senior international appearances. However, he was omitted from Croatia's UEFA Euro 2008 squad, and did not play for the national team ever again.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 24551068, 40411349, 24554128, 30792660, 3234497, 662351 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 40, 48 ], [ 50, 58 ], [ 60, 68 ], [ 74, 82 ], [ 128, 136 ], [ 282, 296 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "After finishing his playing career, he became a manager, working as an assistant manager at Olympiacos in 2017. In 2019 he managed Bosnian Premier League club Čelik Zenica. Between 2019 and 2020, he was the manager of Rudeš.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 1229550, 1474099, 1939562, 2016305 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 92, 102 ], [ 131, 153 ], [ 159, 171 ], [ 218, 223 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Babić made his debut with hometown club NK Osijek, where he spent three seasons. In 2000, Babić completed his move to Bayer Leverkusen where he joined the German outfit's Croatian contingent. He played for the club during their loss to Real Madrid in the 2002 Champions League final. Babić was offered a new contract in 2003.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 1515039, 502005, 26413, 3393712 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 40, 49 ], [ 118, 134 ], [ 236, 247 ], [ 255, 282 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Real Betis presented the player to the press and fans on 17 July 2007. Early reports suggested he had signed on a free transfer as his contract had ended. On 23 July 2007, Babić made his Betis debut in a friendly match against San Fernando. His competitive debut came in the La Liga season against Recreativo de Huelva on 26 August 2007.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 834322, 8923349, 37981, 80333 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 10 ], [ 227, 239 ], [ 275, 282 ], [ 298, 318 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In January 2009, Babić left Spain to play for Hertha BSC on a free transfer and gave up the non-EU quota to Ricardo Oliveira. He left Hertha six months later. On 8 August 2009, he signed a two-year contract with Real Zaragoza. On 6 September 2010 his contract was terminated. On 2 March 2011, Babić signed a one-and-a-half-year contract with former club Osijek. After leaving Osijek in 2012, he signed with Austrian club LASK Linz, for who he played until 2013, after which he decided to retire from professional football at the age of 32.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 1136626, 3148117, 84496, 5644175 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 46, 56 ], [ 108, 124 ], [ 212, 225 ], [ 421, 430 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Babić made his Croatia national team debut in May 2002 against Hungary. He was part of the Croatian squad at UEFA Euro 2004, but did not make an appearance.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 715240, 679739, 679484, 372770 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 15, 36 ], [ 63, 70 ], [ 91, 105 ], [ 109, 123 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "He played all three matches at the 2006 FIFA World Cup, stationed as a left wing-back in a 3–5–2 formation. He was a surprise omission from Slaven Bilić's Euro 2008 squad.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 157233, 4422831, 662351, 17274804 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 35, 54 ], [ 140, 152 ], [ 155, 164 ], [ 165, 170 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Babić started off his managerial career in June 2017, being appointed as an assistant manager of Besnik Hasi at Olympiacos. He stayed at Olympiacos until September of the same year, before leaving the club after Hasi got sacked.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Managerial career", "target_page_ids": [ 6211441, 1229550 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 97, 108 ], [ 112, 122 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On 5 September 2019, Babić got his first managerial position, being appointed as the new manager of Bosnian Premier League club Čelik Zenica. In his first game as the club's manager, Čelik beat Mladost Doboj Kakanj at home 1–0 in a league match. His first loss as Čelik manager was in a cup game against Rudar Kakanj on 18 September 2019, in which Čelik surprisingly lost 3–0 away in Kakanj.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Managerial career", "target_page_ids": [ 1474099, 1939562, 40168669, 2438875, 1455233 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 100, 122 ], [ 128, 140 ], [ 194, 214 ], [ 304, 316 ], [ 384, 390 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Less than a month after being named manager, on 30 September 2019, Babić left Čelik after making some poor results and not being in good contact with the players of the club.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Managerial career", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "On 7 October 2019, it was announced that Babić was named the new manager of 2. HNL club Rudeš.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Managerial career", "target_page_ids": [ 33299890, 2016305 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 76, 82 ], [ 88, 93 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In January 2022, Babić became the new head coach of Slovenian Second League side Ilirija 1911.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Managerial career", "target_page_ids": [ 16313409, 32634227 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 52, 75 ], [ 81, 93 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Scores and results list Croatia's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Babić goal.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Career statistics", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Osijek", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Croatian Cup: 1998–99, runner-up: 2011–12", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 1878567, 26939790, 32539987 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 12 ], [ 14, 21 ], [ 34, 41 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Bayer Leverkusen", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Bundesliga runner-up: 2001–02", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 686142, 1635076 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 10 ], [ 22, 29 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "DFB-Pokal runner-up: 2001–02", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 675126, 9693916 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 9 ], [ 21, 28 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "UEFA Champions League runner-up: 2001–02", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 44220, 3393712 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 21 ], [ 33, 40 ] ] } ]

[ "1981_births", "Living_people", "Sportspeople_from_Osijek", "Association_football_midfielders", "Association_football_fullbacks", "Croatian_footballers", "Croatia_youth_international_footballers", "Croatia_under-21_international_footballers", "Croatia_international_footballers", "UEFA_Euro_2004_players", "2006_FIFA_World_Cup_players", "NK_Osijek_players", "Bayer_04_Leverkusen_players", "Real_Betis_players", "Hertha_BSC_players", "Real_Zaragoza_players", "LASK_players", "Croatian_Football_League_players", "La_Liga_players", "Bundesliga_players", "Croatian_expatriate_footballers", "Expatriate_footballers_in_Germany", "Expatriate_footballers_in_Spain", "Expatriate_footballers_in_Austria", "Croatian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Germany", "Croatian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Spain", "Croatian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Austria", "Croatian_football_managers", "NK_Čelik_Zenica_managers", "NK_Rudeš_managers", "ND_Ilirija_1911_managers", "Premier_League_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_managers", "Croatian_expatriate_football_managers", "Expatriate_football_managers_in_Greece", "Expatriate_football_managers_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina", "Expatriate_football_managers_in_Slovenia", "Croatian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Greece", "Croatian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina", "Croatian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Slovenia" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "USS Rodney M. Davis (FFG-60) was an guided missile frigate of the United States Navy named for Marine Sergeant Rodney Maxwell Davis (1942–1967), who was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor for his heroism in the Vietnam War.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 11464, 20518076, 17349325, 1447297, 40331925, 32611 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 37, 59 ], [ 67, 85 ], [ 96, 102 ], [ 112, 132 ], [ 179, 193 ], [ 217, 228 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Rodney M. Davis was laid down on 8 February 1985 by the Todd Pacific Shipyards, Los Angeles Division, San Pedro, California; Launched on 11 January 1986; Christened by Mrs. Judy P. Davis, Widow of Sgt. Davis, and commissioned on 9 May 1987, Cmdr. Craig R. Heckert in command.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 46927725, 198006, 5407, 60930, 60925 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 56, 100 ], [ 102, 111 ], [ 113, 123 ], [ 125, 133 ], [ 213, 225 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The ship was homeported at Yokosuka, Japan for several years while assigned to Destroyer Squadron 15. Rodney M. Davis was decommissioned at NS Everett on 23 January 2015. She was sunk 12 July 2022 during RIMPAC 2022. ", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 265510, 37254622 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 27, 35 ], [ 79, 100 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On 28 April 2001 a US Coast Guard Law Enforcement Detachment (LEDET) assigned to Rodney M. Davis, with later assistance from the (based in Port Angeles, WA) made the largest cocaine seizure in maritime history when they boarded and seized the Belizean F/V Svesda Maru south of San Diego. The fishing vessel was carrying of cocaine.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 32223, 6149030, 7701, 3458, 10079376, 28504 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 19, 33 ], [ 34, 60 ], [ 175, 182 ], [ 244, 250 ], [ 253, 256 ], [ 280, 289 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In the summer of 2005, Rodney M. Davis participated in the 11th annual Cooperation Afloat Readiness and Training (CARAT) exercise. CARAT is an annual series of bilateral military training exercises designed to enhance cooperative working partnerships with several Southeast Asian nations. Ensuring freedom of the seas by increasing maritime security efforts in the region is a primary focus of the CARAT series.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 24512064 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 71, 112 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In the summer of 2006, with the help of the crew from Rodney M. Davis, 11 tons of creosote logs were removed from the beaches of NAVMAG, Indian Island. The project was completed with no labor cost, due to the support of Rodney M. Davis crew on this shoreline enhancement project. Removal of creosote contaminant source from the beaches enhances shoreline habitat and marine water quality.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 69053, 3241861, 3241861 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 82, 90 ], [ 129, 135 ], [ 137, 150 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Rodney M. Davis departed Naval Station (NAVSTA) Everett for a deployment to the Southern Pacific, 28 November 2006.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "2006–2007 deployment", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "On 3 March 2007, Sailors from Rodney M. Davis participated in two community relations (COMREL) projects during the ship's visit to Panama City, Panama in February. The Rodney M. Davis Sailors' COMREL efforts included visits to local orphanages and maintenance/improvements at a library in the Cinco de Mayo district of the city. Sailors spent their day cleaning, repairing, and painting chairs and cabinets at the Eusebio Morales Library. Five more Rodney M. Davis sailors visited a local orphanage, Hogar Divino Nino, to spend time with infants and toddler orphans to give them some much needed human contact. Rodney M. Davis sailors took diapers, formula, baby wipes and other child care supplies to aid the staff at the orphanage. The two groups reassembled at another orphanage, Nutre Hogar, to hand out Spanish-language Disney movies to the children, which were part of a generous donation made through the Jacksonville, Florida, area office of the United Service Organizations (USO).", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "2006–2007 deployment", "target_page_ids": [ 57361, 188307 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 131, 150 ], [ 957, 985 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Rodney M. Davis completed her transit of the Panama Canal on 25 March 2007 from the Caribbean Sea to the Pacific Ocean.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "2006–2007 deployment", "target_page_ids": [ 24849 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 45, 57 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The Sailors of Rodney M. Davis completed their third community relations (COMEL) project in Panama City, Panama on 3 April 2007. During the ship's three-day port visit, 21 members of the crew spent a day helping to improve Hogar Nuevo Pacto, a home for abused children in Panama City. The crew raised $1,100 in donations to pay for supplies and improvements for the home. Rodney M. Davis sailors bought equipment to repaint the inside of the house, as well as groceries, new shower curtains, bed sheets, and light fixtures for the children's living areas. The home, previously U.S. military housing, was greatly in need of some modernization and assistance from able hands. Despite rainy weather outside, the crew spent the day productively inside, painting hallways and bedrooms, installing conveniences like toilet paper dispensers and toothbrush holders in the bathrooms, and replacing lights and correcting electrical safety problems.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "2006–2007 deployment", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "On the evening of 19 April 2007, Rodney M. Davis intercepted the fishing vessel Mariana de Jesus in international waters. The 33-foot vessel was overcrowded with 31 migrants. Rodney M. Davis gave the migrants food and water and they were all examined by the ship's medical personnel. Some were treated for mild dehydration and headaches, but overall they were found to be in good physical condition. The migrants were then transferred to the El Salvadoran Navy.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "2006–2007 deployment", "target_page_ids": [ 22645426 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 442, 460 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On 23 April 2007, the Costa Rican Coast Guard vessel Juan Rafael Mora and Rodney M. Davis intercepted the fishing vessel Kuerubin with 61 Chinese migrants, all of whom were transferred to Juan Rafael Mora. Rodney M. Davis was tasked to ensure their health and safety was maintained by providing food, water, and medical supplies. All were malnourished and dehydrated for they had been without food or water for four days.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "2006–2007 deployment", "target_page_ids": [ 25867992 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 22, 45 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The frigate returned to Everett naval base on 12 June 2007 after a six-month deployment in the war on drugs.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "2006–2007 deployment", "target_page_ids": [ 1181646 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 95, 107 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The first maritime seizure of liquid cocaine occurred 25 April when the Rodney M. Davis located the fishing vessel Emperador from Ecuador in the Eastern Pacific. A Coast Guard Law Enforcement Detachment (LEDET) boarded Emperador and located 3,850 gallons of liquid cocaine. Each gallon of the liquid is the equivalent of 1.3 kilograms of processed cocaine. The Coast Guard boarding team detained the 17 crewmembers of the vessel. Sixteen of the crewmembers were from Ecuador, and one of the crewmembers was Colombian. The Coast Guard boarding team and crew of Rodney M. Davis transported the vessel to Guayaquil, Ecuador, for further examination by officials from the Drug Enforcement Administration and Ecuadorian authorities. The majority of the liquid cocaine, 3,600 gallons, was turned over to Ecuadorian authorities for destruction.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "2006–2007 deployment", "target_page_ids": [ 9334, 6149030, 215586 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 130, 137 ], [ 176, 202 ], [ 602, 611 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Rodney M. Davis was again underway in late spring 2008. In the course of conducting workups for a fall deployment, Rodney M. Davis was ordered to participate in RIMPAC 2008 off Hawaii. While docked in Pearl Harbor prior to the exercise, an unusual helicopter detachment embarked Rodney M. Davis. For the first time in 10 years, was in Hawaii. She had been the Navy's only forward deployed aircraft carrier until that spring, and she was on her way to San Diego to crossdeck Carrier Air Wing Five to prior to her decommissioning. Onboard Kitty Hawk was a detachment from HS-14 out of NAF Atsugi, Japan. The detachment went underway with RMD for the entire exercise, providing a force multiplying ASW capability to a ship that was soon surrounded by \"enemy\" submarines during the exercise. The RMD/HS-14 Team performed very well, easily allowing her to claim the title of \"most deadly\" ASW ship in the exercise task group.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "2006–2007 deployment", "target_page_ids": [ 709458, 8668396, 21647602, 1097066 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 162, 168 ], [ 479, 500 ], [ 577, 582 ], [ 590, 600 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "While on patrol in the Eastern Pacific Ocean, units assigned to the U.S. Navy's 4th Fleet and the U.S. Coast Guard intercepted a fishing vessel carrying more than 4 metric tons of cocaine, 5 December. The combined team of Rodney M. Davis (FFG 60), with embarked Helicopter Anti-Submarine Squadron Light (HSL-43) Det. 2, and U.S. Coast Guard Law Enforcement Detachment (LEDET) 106 intercepted the fishing vessel in an early morning interdiction, capturing nine suspected narcotics smugglers and the large cargo of cocaine with an estimated import value of $90 million. A search of the vessel revealed the large amount of cocaine. The narcotics were seized under the authority the Coast Guard LEDET. The coordinated actions of the U.S. Navy, U.S. Coast Guard and Joint Interagency Task Force South were instrumental to the successful interdiction of narcotics.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "2008–2009 deployment", "target_page_ids": [ 4502482, 32223, 6149030, 17095313 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 80, 89 ], [ 98, 114 ], [ 341, 367 ], [ 761, 795 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Rodney M. Davis, homeported in Everett, Washington, returned from its 6-month CNT deployment on 21 April 2009 during which it was operating in Latin America under the operational control of U.S. Naval Forces Southern Command (NAVSO) and U.S. 4th Fleet, conducting counter illicit trafficking operations in support of JIATF-South, U.S. law enforcement and U.S. and participating nations' drug control policy.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "2008–2009 deployment", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Rodney M. Davis also supported the U.S. Maritime Strategy by conducting theater security cooperation (TSC) events in the Caribbean and Latin America. TSC encompasses a robust strategy that includes military-to-military exchanges, multi-national exercises and training, diplomatic port visits, community relations activities and Project Handclasp distributions.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "2008–2009 deployment", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "On 23 September 2010 while operating as part of the 4th Fleet, Rodney M. Davis captured a 46-foot fishing vessel that flew Ecuadorian colors. Aboard the Ecuadorian vessel the Rodney M. Daviss US Coast Guard Law enforcement detachment seized 1,562.5 kilos of cocaine in 62.5 bails.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "2010 deployment", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The ship left Everett 12 June to join 48 ships from 22 countries for Rim of the Pacific (RIMPAC) 2014. Following RIMPAC, a U.S. Coast Guard Law Enforcement Team embarked the ship and performed compliant boarding operations and visit, board, search and seizures training with Sailors on board.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "2014 deployment", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Subsequently, the ship conducted extensive theater security cooperation in the United States Seventh Fleet area of responsibility. A detachment from HSM-51 embarked with the crew to provide reconnaissance and aerial support for the ship's 7th Fleet operations.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "2014 deployment", "target_page_ids": [ 375781, 5774753 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 93, 106 ], [ 149, 155 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The ship visited ports including Yokosuka, Japan; Sembawang, Singapore; the Republic of the Maldives; Indonesia and Brunei. As the first U.S. Navy vessel to visit the Republic of the Maldives in four years, Rodney M. Davis hosted the Maldives National Defense Force Chief of Defense, conducted boarding exercises with the Maldivian Coast Guard, and performed community service at a local orphanage.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "2014 deployment", "target_page_ids": [ 265510, 651591, 19117, 14579, 3466, 19117, 1115368, 7729143 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 33, 41 ], [ 50, 59 ], [ 76, 100 ], [ 102, 111 ], [ 116, 122 ], [ 167, 191 ], [ 234, 265 ], [ 322, 343 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "During the ship's visit to Medan, Indonesia, the ship hosted Ray Mabus, the Secretary of the Navy, and Rodney M. Daviss sailors took part in cultural exchanges with more than 800 students at Medan universities and high schools.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "2014 deployment", "target_page_ids": [ 360758, 14579, 216156, 44001 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 27, 32 ], [ 34, 43 ], [ 61, 70 ], [ 76, 97 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "While in Brunei, the ship conducted training events with the Royal Brunei Armed Forces as a part of Cooperation Afloat Readiness and Training (CARAT) 2014. Activities included training symposia and shipboard damage control training ashore, and cross-deck landings, medical evacuation drills and maneuvering exercises at sea. Visit, board, search and seizure teams from Rodney M. Davis and the Royal Brunei Navy Darussalam class offshore patrol vessel KDB Darulaman (P-08) conducted compliant boarding exercises with their partner nation's ship.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "2014 deployment", "target_page_ids": [ 3466, 18933221, 24512064, 3789875, 2078664, 42215511 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 9, 15 ], [ 61, 86 ], [ 100, 141 ], [ 209, 223 ], [ 394, 411 ], [ 412, 451 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "During the six-month deployment, the ship and crew of more than 200 Sailors, based at Naval Station Everett and assigned to Destroyer Squadron (DESRON) 9, conducted presence operations and theater security cooperation with partner nations in the Indo-Asia-Pacific region. In total, the ship and its crew transited more than 37,000 nautical miles, conducted 13 underway replenishment and performed nearly 300 hours of flight operations at sea.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "2014 deployment", "target_page_ids": [ 1460991, 21289, 2589484 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 86, 107 ], [ 331, 345 ], [ 360, 382 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Rodney M. Davis was decommissioned on 23 January 2015 at Naval Station Everett and was scheduled to be transferred for dismantlement on 31 March.", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Decommissioning and disposal as target", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The documentary titled The Last Frigate follows the crew during the deployment and decommissioning of the ship.", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Decommissioning and disposal as target", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "On July 12, 2022, the frigate was sunk as a target ship by Australian, Canadian, Malaysian, and American ship and aircraft forces during the RIMPAC 2022 exercise.", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Decommissioning and disposal as target", "target_page_ids": [ 709458 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 141, 152 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "USS Rodney M. Davis @ navysite.de", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "USS Rodney M. Davis FFG-60 @ MaritimeQuest", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "US Navy images and video of sinking", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "Ships_built_in_Los_Angeles", "1986_ships", "Oliver_Hazard_Perry-class_frigates_of_the_United_States_Navy", "Ships_sunk_as_targets" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "Utica Avenue may refer to:", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Utica Avenue, a major avenue in Brooklyn, New York City", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 23823964 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 13 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Crown Heights – Utica Avenue (IRT Eastern Parkway Line) at Eastern Parkway; serving the trains", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "New York City Subway stations", "target_page_ids": [ 729469 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 55 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Utica Avenue (IND Fulton Street Line) at Fulton Street; serving the trains", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "New York City Subway stations", "target_page_ids": [ 5505621 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 37 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Reid Avenue (BMT Fulton Street Line), a demolished station on the BMT Fulton Street Line, at the intersection of Fulton Street, Utica Avenue, and the street formerly known as Reid Avenue (now Malcolm X Boulevard)", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "New York City Subway stations", "target_page_ids": [ 21258712 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 36 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In addition, a Utica Avenue Line was proposed, but never built; see Proposed New York City Subway expansion (1929–1940)", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "New York City Subway stations", "target_page_ids": [ 459354 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 68, 119 ] ] } ]

[]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "MR-20 is a Russian (Former Soviet Union) sounding rocket, and is a type of meteorological rocket. It was followed by the MR-30.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 1609192, 256109, 256109 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 20, 39 ], [ 41, 56 ], [ 75, 96 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In 1985, an MR-20 mclcorological rocket was used from the North Atlantic in a Soviet-Polish experiment adapting an ion gun to inject lithium ions into the ionosphere.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Launching experiments", "target_page_ids": [ 698, 34373639, 201485, 15097 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 58, 72 ], [ 115, 122 ], [ 133, 144 ], [ 155, 165 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In September 1988, 3 MR-20 rocket experiments with artificial \"electron hole\" formations took place in the Northern Auroral Zone on the research vessel named \"Professor Vize\". The launchings of MR-20 rockets were to examine the upper atmospheric and ionospheric characteristics in the Auroral.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Launching experiments", "target_page_ids": [ 1540172 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 137, 152 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Article title", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Article title", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "Sounding_rockets_of_the_Soviet_Union", "Meteorology_in_the_Soviet_Union" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "The Kelud (, sometimes spelled as Klut, Cloot, Kloet, Kloete, Keloed or Kelut) is an active stratovolcano located in Kediri, East Java, Indonesia. Like many Indonesian volcanoes and others on the Pacific Ring of Fire, Kelud is known for large explosive eruptions throughout its history. More than 30 eruptions have occurred since 1000 AD. In 2007, an effusive explosion filled the crater with a lava dome. It last erupted on February 13, 2014, destroying the lava dome and ejecting boulders, stones and ashes up to West Java about 500 kilometers from Mount Kelud. The crater filled with water during the rainy season.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 162404, 7188517, 320443, 14579, 195468, 314356 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 92, 105 ], [ 117, 123 ], [ 125, 134 ], [ 136, 145 ], [ 196, 216 ], [ 515, 524 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The eruption history of Kelud is quite unique in Indonesian history, because it was one of the few volcanoes whose activities were recorded in Indonesian historical accounts. According to Nagarakretagama canto 1 stanza 4 and 5 (composed by Mpu Prapanca in 1365), King Hayam Wuruk of Majapahit was born in 1256 Saka, which corresponds to 1334 CE, the same year that Mount Kelud erupted. Prapanca argued that this was the divine sign that Batara Gurunata has manifest Himself on earth, reincarnated as the Javanese king. This account also describes the local Javanese psyche at that time (and even up to present) that regarded the natural event such as volcanic eruption, as the divine sign from the gods.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "1334 eruption", "target_page_ids": [ 4646662, 9518716, 827535, 162773, 36832620, 491665 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 188, 203 ], [ 240, 252 ], [ 268, 279 ], [ 283, 292 ], [ 437, 448 ], [ 557, 565 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In the year 1586 the worst eruption of mount Kelud killed over 10,000 people.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "1586 eruption", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "On May 19, 1919, an eruption at Kelud killed an estimated 5,000 people, mostly through hot mudflows (also known as \"lahars\"). More recent eruptions in 1951, 1966, and 1990 have altogether killed another 250 people. Following the 1966 eruption, the Ampera Tunnels were built (top and bottom) on the southwestern side of the crater to reduce (not drain completely) the water of the crater lake and thus reduce the lahar hazard.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "1919 mudflow", "target_page_ids": [ 2431323, 292984, 1258615, 62390939 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 91, 98 ], [ 116, 122 ], [ 323, 329 ], [ 380, 391 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "A strong and explosive eruption on early February 1990 produced a seven-kilometer-high column of tephra, heavy tephra falls and several pyroclastic flows. More than thirty people were killed. Workers continued to construct the Ampera Tunnel despite the still-hot () pyroclastic flow deposits which reached as high as and buried the tunnel's mouth.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "1990 eruption", "target_page_ids": [ 3051956, 434543, 206520 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 13, 31 ], [ 97, 103 ], [ 136, 152 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On October 16, 2007, Indonesian authorities ordered the evacuation of 30,000 residents living near Kelud, after scientists placed the volcano on the highest alert level, meaning that they expected an imminent eruption.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "2007 eruption", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Kelud erupted at about 3 p.m. local time on Saturday, November 3, 2007. The eruption was confirmed by the Indonesian government's Centre for Vulcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation. Although no visual confirmation was possible when the eruption began because the volcano's peak was shrouded by clouds, Indonesian government volcanologists said seismic readings showed an eruption was under way. More than 350,000 people lived within of the volcano. Surabaya, Indonesia's third-largest urban area and home to one of the country's busiest airports, is to the northwest. Although local inhabitants were ordered to leave their homes in mid-October, many either did not evacuate or returned in the interim. Many villagers were reported fleeing the area in panic after reports of the eruption. But by early Saturday evening, Indonesian officials said the eruption that day had not been very large at all. Seismological equipment near the volcano's crater was still operating, and scientists said that indicated a small eruption at best.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "2007 eruption", "target_page_ids": [ 256572, 1280044, 212635, 231826 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 329, 342 ], [ 349, 356 ], [ 455, 463 ], [ 906, 929 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "However, early Sunday morning, November 4, Mount Kelud spewed ash 500 metres into the air, indicating a full eruption was taking place. \"The eruption isn't over,\" Saut Simatupang, head of Indonesian Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation Agency, said. Seismologists monitoring the crater said surface temperatures in Mount Kelud's crater lake rose on November 4 to from on November 3. At a depth of , the temperature jumped to 66.1 degrees Celsius on November 4 from 45.9 degrees Celsius on November 3. The extreme heat created a cloud of steam and smoke high.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "2007 eruption", "target_page_ids": [ 293270 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 515, 527 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On November 5, new columns of smoke and steam erupted from the crater. Boiling water cascaded down the flanks of the mountain from the crater lake, and seismological equipment near the crater ceased working. Indonesian authorities said about 25,000 people remained in the danger zone, ignoring evacuation orders.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "2007 eruption", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The following day, a lava dome rose through the centre of the crater lake atop the mountain. Closed-circuit television cameras showed the long oblong island had pushed about above the surface of the lake. The volcano continued to emit smoke, with plumes reaching a kilometre (3,280 feet, or six-tenths of a mile) into the atmosphere.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "2007 eruption", "target_page_ids": [ 1081235 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 21, 30 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "But after 48 hours of smoke and ash but no lava, Indonesian officials declared on November 8 that no eruption was immediate. Officials said the volcano was experiencing a \"slow eruption\" and was unlikely to explode as it had done many times in the past century.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "2007 eruption", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "By November 12, Mount Kelud began spewing lava into its crater lake. The lava dome, which had expanded to long and high, cracked open and lava began oozing into the surrounding water. Smoke rose more than two kilometres (1.2 miles) into the air, and ash dusted several villages around the volcano. On November 14, smoke billowed into the air, and light ash covered villages away.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "2007 eruption", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The hot lava dome occupied the lake crater and, consequently, the lake disappeared.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "2007 eruption", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Kelud erupted on February 13, 2014. The eruption occurred at 22:50 local time (UT+7). The eruption sent volcanic ash covering an area of about in diameter, with the total ejectus estimated at being a VEI 4 eruption. Ashfall occurred over a large portion of Java island, from Malang to the west, as well as Central Java and Yogyakarta. The eruption prompted about 76,000 inhabitants to evacuate their homes. Two people were reported dead after their houses collapsed from the weight of ash. An elderly man also died from inhaling the ash. The ash also reportedly reached the western region of Java by February 14 afternoon, where traces of volcanic ash were found in Bandung and surroundings.", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "2014 eruption", "target_page_ids": [ 1355385, 453584, 5336641, 353661 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 277, 283 ], [ 308, 320 ], [ 325, 335 ], [ 668, 675 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Ashfall from the eruption caused major disruption across Java. Seven airports, in Yogyakarta, Surakarta, Surabaya, Malang, Semarang, Cilacap and Bandung, were closed. Financial losses from the airport closures were valued in the billions of rupiah (millions of US dollars), including an estimated 2 billion rupiah (US$200,000) at Juanda International Airport in Surabaya. Significant damage was caused to a variety of manufacturing and agricultural industries. The ashfall meant companies such as Unilever Indonesia had difficulty distributing their products throughout affected areas. Apple orchards in Batu, East Java, posted losses of up to Rp 17.8 billion, while the dairy industry in the province posted high losses.", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "2014 eruption", "target_page_ids": [ 2389455, 2850967, 6696638, 9569182, 5999717, 14658645, 9553682, 240220, 743859 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 82, 92 ], [ 94, 103 ], [ 105, 113 ], [ 115, 121 ], [ 123, 131 ], [ 133, 140 ], [ 145, 152 ], [ 497, 515 ], [ 604, 608 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On February 14, 2014, major tourist attractions in Yogyakarta and Central Java, including Borobudur, Prambanan and Ratu Boko, were closed to visitors, after being severely affected by the volcanic ashfall from the eruption of Kelud volcano a day earlier, in East Java, located around 200 kilometers east from Yogyakarta. Workers covered the iconic stupas and statues of Borobudur temple to protect the structure from volcanic ash. Owing to the ash, many tourists cancelled their reservations at hotels throughout Central Java. Tempo reported that hotels in Yogyakarta had posted losses of Rp 22 billion (US$2.2 million) as more than 80 percent of reservations were canceled owing to the ash.", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "2014 eruption", "target_page_ids": [ 233717, 579539, 7526091, 287066 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 90, 99 ], [ 101, 110 ], [ 115, 124 ], [ 348, 353 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Flow-up following the eruptions had begun by 15 February. Indonesian military personnel used water cannons to clear roads, and were later involved in reconstruction efforts in the areas surrounding Kelud. Citizens did likewise, although with less powerful equipment. Ash from Yogyakarta was disposed in the depressions of fields in four villages located 5–10km from Yogyakarta. Political parties vying for the April elections helped distribute food to victims of the eruptions. By February 20 most businesses and attractions which had closed owing to the ashfall had reopened, although cleaning operations were still ongoing.", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "2014 eruption", "target_page_ids": [ 431462, 37029631 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 93, 105 ], [ 411, 426 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The volcano's alert status was downgraded on 21 February, and the exclusion zone reduced from to . By early March most of the 12,304 buildings destroyed or damaged during the eruptions had been repaired, at an estimated cost of Rp 55 billion (US$5.5 million).", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "2014 eruption", "target_page_ids": [ 4669030 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 66, 80 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " List of volcanoes in Indonesia", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 7985477 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 31 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " List of volcanic eruptions by death toll", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 25830023 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 41 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Notes", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "References", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Bibliography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Brand, E.W. (1984) \"Landslides in Southeast Asia: A State-of-the-Art Report.\" In IV International Symposium on Landslides = IV Symposium international sur les glissements de terrains. Toronto: Canadian Geotechnical Society, 1984. OCLC 77114072.", "section_idx": 9, "section_name": "Further reading", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Van Bemmelen, R.W. The Geology of Indonesia. Vol. 1A: General Geology of Indonesia and Adjacent Archipelagoes. 2nd ed. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1987. .", "section_idx": 9, "section_name": "Further reading", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Zen, M.T., and Hadikusumo, Djajadi. \"The Future Danger of Mt. Kelut.\" Bulletin of Volcanology. 28:1 (December 1965).", "section_idx": 9, "section_name": "Further reading", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Kelud crater lake", "section_idx": 10, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Photos of the Kelud volcanic dome", "section_idx": 10, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " CIMSS Satellite Blog, Eruption of the Kelut volcano in Java, Indonesia. February 13th, 2014", "section_idx": 10, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "Mountains_of_East_Java", "Volcanoes_of_East_Java", "Active_volcanoes_of_Indonesia", "Volcanic_crater_lakes", "Blitar", "20th-century_volcanic_events", "21st-century_volcanic_events", "1919_natural_disasters", "1990_natural_disasters", "2007_natural_disasters", "2014_natural_disasters" ]

[ "Keloed" ]

[ { "plaintext": "Sphaeropleales is an order of green algae that used to be called Chlorococcales. The order includes some of the most common freshwater planktonic algae such as Scenedesmus and Pediastrum. The Spaeropleales includes vegetatively non-motile unicellular or colonial taxa that have biflagellate zoospores with flagella that are directly opposed in direction (the DO arrangement): Sphaeroplea, Atractomorpha, Neochloris, Hydrodictyon, and Pediastrum. All of these taxa have basal body core connections.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 61763, 341046, 6623358, 25011, 12103953, 13132368, 285948, 1096308, 43093, 13133243, 13130390, 13132129, 1953972, 13132368 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 21, 26 ], [ 30, 40 ], [ 65, 79 ], [ 135, 143 ], [ 160, 171 ], [ 176, 186 ], [ 239, 250 ], [ 291, 299 ], [ 307, 315 ], [ 377, 388 ], [ 390, 403 ], [ 405, 415 ], [ 417, 429 ], [ 435, 445 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "With an increase in the number of taxa for which sequence data are available, there is evidence of an expanded DO clade that includes additional zoosporic (Bracteacoccus, Schroederia) and some strictly autosporic genera such as Ankistrodesmus, Scenedesmus, Selenastrum, and Monoraphidium. The filamentous Microspora has been allied with the coccoid genus Bracteacoccus based on molecular data.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 13130584, 13133124, 13129348, 12103953, 13133178, 13132058, 1591182 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 156, 169 ], [ 171, 182 ], [ 228, 242 ], [ 244, 255 ], [ 257, 268 ], [ 274, 287 ], [ 305, 315 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Monophyly of the DO clade is supported by phylogenetic analysis of multi-gene data.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "Sphaeropleales", "Chlorophyta_orders" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "The M-100 was a two-stage Soviet sounding rocket. As some 6640 of these rockets were built between 1957 and 1990, it was the most used sounding rocket model ever. Payloads typically radioed science data to ground while descending by parachute. Cross-calibrations with Western counterparts has allowed data's inclusion in global databases. Production ceased following the dissolution of the Soviet Union.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 256109, 40494892 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 33, 48 ], [ 373, 404 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "M-100 rockets were launched from sites in the former Soviet Union. Launches also took place from Kerguelen island, Koroni in Greece and Akita in Japan.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 26779, 17125, 6258621, 184436 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 53, 65 ], [ 97, 113 ], [ 115, 121 ], [ 136, 141 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Payload: 15 kg", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Data", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Maximum flight height: 120 km", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Data", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Launch mass: 475 kg", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Data", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Diameter: 0.3 m", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Data", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Length: 8.34 m", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Data", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " M-100 at Encyclopedia Astronomica", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "References", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "Sounding_rockets_of_the_Soviet_Union" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "Darijo Srna (; born 1 May 1982) is a Croatian former professional footballer and current director of football of Ukrainian Premier League club Shakhtar Donetsk. During most of his career he played as a right back.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 10568, 2322171, 861305, 649702 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 66, 76 ], [ 113, 137 ], [ 143, 159 ], [ 202, 212 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "He began his career at Hajduk Split, before moving to Shakhtar in 2003. He has won numerous trophies during his time at Shakhtar, including a UEFA Cup title in 2009, seven Ukrainian Premier League titles, five Ukrainian Cup titles and five Ukrainian Super Cup titles. He left Shakhtar in 2018 and signed one-year contract with Cagliari and then returned to Shakhtar to work as an assistant manager.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 861240, 232175, 12450336, 2322171, 4983496, 5063660 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 23, 35 ], [ 142, 150 ], [ 160, 164 ], [ 172, 196 ], [ 210, 223 ], [ 240, 259 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Srna made his international debut for Croatia in November 2002 and is the second most capped player in the history of the Croatia national team with 134 caps, having represented his country at the 2006 and 2014 FIFA World Cups, as well as at UEFA Euro 2004, 2008, 2012 and 2016. In 2009, then manager Slaven Bilić made him the captain of the national team, a position he would hold until his retirement from international football in 2016; the captaincy then passed to Luka Modrić.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 9568035, 157233, 656933, 372770, 662351, 2182477, 7932564, 4422831, 3064199 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 74, 99 ], [ 197, 201 ], [ 206, 225 ], [ 242, 256 ], [ 258, 262 ], [ 264, 268 ], [ 273, 277 ], [ 301, 313 ], [ 469, 480 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "He is the most capped player in the history of Shakhtar with 536 appearances. He was popularly dubbed the \"Icon of Shakhtar\". While with Shakhtar, Srna had offers from clubs like Chelsea and Bayern Munich, which he declined due to his loyalty to the club. Srna's consistent quality and playing style earnt comparisons to Cafu.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 14800, 7473, 172326, 615800 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 107, 111 ], [ 179, 186 ], [ 191, 204 ], [ 321, 325 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Srna's talent was seen by many scouts in Croatia while he was young. He was later signed by Hajduk Split as his talent became desirable for the Croatian giants. At Hajduk, he won the 1999–2000 and 2002–03 Croatian Cup, as well as the 2000–01 Prva HNL. The club played in the first round of 1999–2000 UEFA Cup, 2001–02 UEFA Cup, 2002–03 UEFA Cup, as well as the second round of the 2000–01 UEFA Champions League and the third round of the 2001–02 UEFA Champions League. He made 84 appearances for the club, including 64 league appearances, and scored eight goals, four of which came in the league, before moving to Ukrainian club Shakhtar Donetsk.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 861240, 26952469, 27024642, 17573976, 2102636, 18210406, 4657769, 3641203, 3393712, 861305 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 92, 104 ], [ 183, 192 ], [ 197, 217 ], [ 234, 250 ], [ 290, 308 ], [ 310, 326 ], [ 328, 344 ], [ 381, 410 ], [ 438, 467 ], [ 629, 645 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In 2003, Srna was sold, along with Hajduk goalkeeper Stipe Pletikosa, to Shakhtar Donetsk. He is a common member and the captain in his club side, for whom he has made a large impact in the league. In his first season with the club, he made 29 appearances, including 19 in the league, scoring three goals, all of which came in the Ukrainian Cup. He helped the club to win the Ukrainian Cup, his first honour with the club, and to a second-place finish in the Premier League.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 1447070, 28059652, 4983496, 4371014 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 53, 68 ], [ 331, 344 ], [ 376, 389 ], [ 459, 473 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In his second season, Shakhtar won the Super Cup and the Premier League. He made 42 appearances for the club, 22 of which came in the league, and netted two goals, once in the league and once in the cup. Srna made his debut in main stage of UEFA Champions League on 14 September 2004 against Milan. His third season saw Shakhtar retain the Premier League title. He made 21 league appearances, scoring twice. After the 2006 FIFA World Cup, Benfica were reported to be after the player's signature but nothing materialized, with what many considered a fallen or rejected sale. Since then, he had been linked with a number of other clubs, including Lazio, but a move never materialized.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 5063660, 4353472, 28059641, 44220, 18940588, 5130692, 157233, 574076, 28984 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 39, 48 ], [ 57, 71 ], [ 199, 202 ], [ 241, 262 ], [ 292, 297 ], [ 340, 354 ], [ 418, 437 ], [ 439, 446 ], [ 646, 651 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The following season, Shakhtar were trumped to the Premier League title by Dynamo Kyiv as they failed to achieve any silverware. Darijo made 35 appearances for the club, 20 in the league, and scored four times, three of which came in the league. In the 2007–08 season, Shakhtar picked up the Premier League trophy and were victorious in the Ukrainian Cup Final. He made 41 appearances, 28 of which came in the league.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 6165620, 889025, 11823081, 17316896 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 51, 71 ], [ 75, 86 ], [ 253, 267 ], [ 341, 360 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The 2008–09 season saw Shakhtar win the Super Cup and the UEFA Cup. On 15 July 2008, Shakhtar emerged victorious in the Super Cup Final against Dynamo Kyiv. At the end of extra time, the teams were level at 1–1. In the ensuing penalty shoot-out, Shakhtar converted all five of its penalties to win 5–3. Srna, who captained the side, scored one of the penalties. On 3 August, he scored the first goal in a 3–0 victory over Illichivets Mariupol. On 13 August, he scored the first goal in a 2–0 victory over Dinamo Zagreb in the Champions League. On 18 October he scored a goal in Shakhtar's 4–2 win against Kryvbas. On 2 March, he scored the winning goal in Shakhtar's 2–1 league victory over Illichivets. On 22 March, he scored the only goal in a league win over Vorskla. In the semi-final of the UEFA Cup, Shakhtar faced Dynamo Kyiv in an all-Ukrainian tie. After a 1–1 away draw in the first leg, Shakhtar won 2–1 at the Donbass Arena for a 3–2 aggregate win to progress to the final. Darijo played the full 90 minutes of both legs. On 20 May 2009, he captained Shakhtar in the 2–1 victory over Werder Bremen in the UEFA Cup Final. Srna provided the assist for Jádson's winning goal seven minutes into extra time. He also picked up a yellow card. This was the last UEFA Cup before its rebranding as the UEFA Europa League. Shakhtar finished the Premier League season in second position, 15 points behind champions Dynamo Kyiv. Darijo made 46 appearances and scored 5 goals, with 25 appearances and 4 goals in the league.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 232175, 511302, 3383256, 34189153, 11399628, 3800152, 3536552, 3802163, 633462, 7598082, 11801673, 5399901, 17477805 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 58, 66 ], [ 227, 244 ], [ 422, 442 ], [ 505, 518 ], [ 526, 542 ], [ 605, 612 ], [ 762, 769 ], [ 922, 935 ], [ 1053, 1062 ], [ 1096, 1109 ], [ 1117, 1131 ], [ 1162, 1168 ], [ 1346, 1360 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In the 2009–10 season, Shakhtar regained the Premier League title. On 28 August, he played in Shakhtar's 1–0 extra time loss to Barcelona in the 2009 UEFA Super Cup, picking up a yellow card on 65 minutes. He scored the third goal in a 4–1 away victory over Club Brugge in the Europa League. He scored a goal and picked up a yellow card in a 2–0 Ukrainian Cup victory over Dynamo Kyiv on 28 October. He netted his first league goal of the season in a 2–1 victory against Zorya Luhansk on 20 March. On 3 April, he scored the only goal in a league victory over Obolon. Srna played 39 matches, 26 in the league, and scored four goals, two of which came in the league.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 33489256, 22833371, 68187, 22470572, 563623, 16623894, 23522694, 4833778, 1502127 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 7, 21 ], [ 45, 59 ], [ 128, 137 ], [ 145, 164 ], [ 258, 269 ], [ 277, 290 ], [ 346, 359 ], [ 471, 484 ], [ 559, 565 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The 2010–11 season was extremely successful for Shakhtar as they won the treble (Premier League, Ukrainian Cup and the Super Cup). He played in Shakhtar's 7–1 Super Cup victory over Tavriya Simferopol on 4 July. On 15 September, he netted the only goal, and picked up a yellow card, in a 1–0 Champions League win over Partizan. In the following match, against Tavriya, after going 1–0 down, Srna scored the equaliser in a 4–1 victory. On 30 October, he was sent off in added time against Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk as Shakhtar won 1–0. On 1 April, he scored the first goal in a 3–1 victory over Illichivets Mariupol. On 7 May, against Metalurh Donetsk, he scored the second goal in a 2–0 win. On 25 May, he played in the 2–0 Ukrainian Cup Final victory over Dynamo Kyiv, picking up a yellow card. Srna was named in the UEFA Champions League Team of the Year according to player rater (statistics) in the 2010–11 season where Shakhtar lost in the quarter-final to Barcelona. Srna created five assists in five games. He made 39 appearances, 27 of which were in the league, scoring four goals, three of which came in the league.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 29261418, 24916249, 28034182, 3325822, 18255941, 381658, 895551, 895585, 31710530 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 4, 18 ], [ 81, 95 ], [ 97, 110 ], [ 182, 200 ], [ 292, 308 ], [ 318, 326 ], [ 488, 509 ], [ 630, 646 ], [ 720, 739 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Shakhtar won the Premier League and the Ukrainian Cup in the 2011–12 season, Darijo's sixth league title with the club. He scored a goal in first half injury time in a 2–0 away win over Metalurh Donetsk. On 2 December, he scored the first goal in a 5–0 league victory over Arsenal Kyiv at the Donbass Arena. On 16 April, in the 27th gameweek of the season, Srna netted the final goal in a 5–1 victory over Zorya Luhansk. On 6 May, he played in the Ukrainian Cup Final against Metalurh Donetsk in which Shakhtar emerged victorious after an extra time winner from Oleksandr Kucher made it 2–1. This marked Srna's fourth Ukrainian Cup success with Shakhtar. He picked up a yellow card in the final match of the season, a 3–0 victory over Oleksandriya. Shakhtar won the league by four points over Dynamo Kyiv; Srna scored 3 goals in 25 league matches and made a total of 34 appearances in the season.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 31744317, 32326138, 34889679, 1583484, 4833778, 35476442, 6086699, 7011055 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 17, 31 ], [ 40, 53 ], [ 61, 75 ], [ 273, 285 ], [ 406, 419 ], [ 448, 467 ], [ 562, 578 ], [ 735, 747 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Darijo began the 2012–13 season with an assist for Luiz Adriano in the sixth-minute of Shakhtar's 2–0 Super Cup victory over Metalurh Donetsk. He assisted Ilsinho for the second goal in a 3–1 Premier League win against Hoverla Uzhhorod. He assisted Fernandinho for a 93rd-minute winner against Kryvbas Kryvyi Rih. and added another for Marko Dević in a 4–0 victory against Volyn Lutsk. On 19 August, Srna assisted Willian for the third goal in a 5–1 win against Chornomorets Odesa In the next match, he provided Luiz Adriano with an assist in a 3–0 win over Karpaty Lviv. On 2 September, he assisted Oleksandr Kucher's second goal in a 3–1 victory against Dynamo Kyiv. On 23 September, Srna scored a free-kick in a 4–1 victory over Dynamo Kyiv in the last 32 of the Ukrainian Cup. On 28 September, he scored the winning goal in a 2–1 victory against Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk. He picked up the Man of the Match award for his contribution to win over Dnipro. On 19 October, he assisted Ilsinho for a goal in a 2–1 victory against Illichivets.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 36797452, 7555627, 7890440, 35129804, 3559440, 5385372, 3800152, 12481613, 3390200, 9431059, 3435061, 4388256, 56007114, 36317184 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 17, 31 ], [ 51, 63 ], [ 155, 162 ], [ 192, 206 ], [ 219, 235 ], [ 249, 260 ], [ 294, 312 ], [ 336, 347 ], [ 373, 384 ], [ 414, 421 ], [ 462, 480 ], [ 558, 570 ], [ 700, 709 ], [ 766, 779 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On 13 February 2013, Srna netted with an expertly-struck free-kick in the 31st minute in the first leg of the Champions League Round of 16 tie with Borussia Dortmund, which ended in a 2–2 draw. At the end of the 2012–13 season in Ukraine, he finished with the most assists, with 12.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 29963050, 331715 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 110, 126 ], [ 148, 165 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In mid-season, Srna helped Shakhtar win the 2014 United Supercup, a tournament between the top-two placed clubs from Russia and Ukraine, becoming the assists leader and joint top scorer of the tournament. By the end of the season, the club won the Ukraine Premier League and the 2014 Ukrainian Super Cup.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 41512051 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 44, 64 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In the first game of the season, Srna set a new record of games played for Shakhtar in the Premier League.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "In the 2015–16 season, Srna played 41 games and scored six goals. Shakhtar announced that their captain had extended his contract for the 2016–17 season, a day after the club celebrated their 80th anniversary.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "He was suspended from 22 September 2017 till 22 August 2018 for failed doping test for dehydroepiandrosterone.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 8807 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 87, 109 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On 22 June 2018 Srna, signed one-year deal with Italian side Cagliari Calcio with an option to extend it for another year. In June 2019, the contract ended and Srna left the club.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 1116811 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 61, 76 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In July 2019, Srna returned to Shakhtar Shakhtar Donetsk as an assistant manager on a one-year contract until 2020. He then moved on to the Director of football role.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 861305 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 40, 56 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Srna made his full international debut for the Croatia national team in a friendly match against Romania in November 2002. He went on to score his first international goal on his competitive debut for Croatia in their UEFA Euro 2004 qualifier against Belgium in March 2003, netting the opening goal in Croatia's 4–0 win. He made a total of six appearances in Croatia's qualifying campaign for Euro 2004, including both play-off matches against Slovenia.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 715240, 679755, 679447, 679716, 372770, 1008145 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 47, 68 ], [ 97, 104 ], [ 218, 242 ], [ 251, 258 ], [ 393, 402 ], [ 444, 452 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "At the Euro 2004 finals, he appeared as a substitute in Croatia's group matches against Switzerland and England, before they were knocked out of the tournament in the first round.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 681862, 9904 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 88, 99 ], [ 104, 111 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "After Euro 2004, Srna went on to become one of the key players in Croatia's 2006 FIFA World Cup qualifying campaign, scoring five goals in nine appearances during the campaign and being the team's top goalscorer in the competition. During the 2006 World Cup qualifying, he scored both goals in Croatia's two 1–0 wins over Sweden, including a long-range free kick in the away fixture in Gothenburg. He also netted both goals in Croatia's 2–2 home draw against Bulgaria, as well as one goal in their 3–1 away win at Iceland.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 1033640, 578468, 11861, 679770, 1008933 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 76, 115 ], [ 322, 328 ], [ 386, 396 ], [ 459, 467 ], [ 514, 521 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Srna then starred in all three games of Croatia's 2006 World Cup campaign. He was highly praised and remembered for his spectacular 30-yard free kick which put Croatia ahead against Australia in the infamous \"Graham Poll three-yellow card\" blunder match that ended 2–2. However, in previous group match against Japan he missed a penalty in a 0–0 draw and Croatia finished third in the group stage with only 2 points.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 4792249, 4335033, 993546 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 182, 191 ], [ 209, 220 ], [ 311, 316 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In September 2006, Srna was temporarily dropped from the Croatian squad for a Euro 2008 qualifying match with Russia because of a late night partying spree in a local disco, along with teammates Boško Balaban and Ivica Olić.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 662351, 25127146, 3492946, 1447234 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 78, 87 ], [ 110, 116 ], [ 195, 208 ], [ 213, 223 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Srna was considered the hero of the match, when he came on as a substitute against Macedonia in a Euro 2008 qualifying match and scored shortly after from a free-kick, which was shot into the right corner of the goal. In the 88th minute, he provided a cross which found teammate Eduardo, and allowed him to score and snatch a late win for Croatia. He also scored Croatia's equaliser in their hard-fought away victory against Israel, which eventually ended 4–3 in Croatia's favour. Srna went on to miss a penalty against Estonia, however his overall contribution to teamwork attack compensated for this mistake, which Croatia quickly capitalised on to win 2–0.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 679799, 3168862, 769536, 1006164 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 83, 92 ], [ 279, 286 ], [ 425, 431 ], [ 520, 527 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Since helping his country qualify for Euro 2008 with a strong qualifying campaign, Srna was unsurprisingly named in their 23-man squad for the current tournament. On 12 June, Srna scored the opening goal in the 24th minute of Croatia's 2–1 victory over Germany in their second game of Group B. He was the only player to score for Croatia in their unsuccessful penalty shootout in the quarter-finals against Turkey. At the conclusion of the match, Srna was seen struggling to hold back an emotional breakdown because of Croatia's strong efforts but eventual defeat.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 250204, 14524222, 743577 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 253, 260 ], [ 285, 292 ], [ 407, 413 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "After Euro 2008, Srna succeeded Niko Kovač as national team captain.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 742397 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 32, 42 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Srna started in all three games of the 2012 tournament as the captain, where Croatia finished third behind Spain and Italy, failing to qualify to the next stage. Italy and Spain went on to become the finalists of the tournament.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "On 6 February 2013, Srna won his 100th cap in a friendly match against South Korea at Craven Cottage, London, thereby equalling Dario Šimić as Croatia's most capped player. In that match, Srna also scored his 20th international goal.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 3191695, 1018627, 6645, 17867, 1447093 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 39, 42 ], [ 71, 82 ], [ 86, 100 ], [ 102, 108 ], [ 128, 139 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Croatia qualified for the 2014 World Cup, where Srna served as team captain for his second official international tournament, after Euro 2012. Croatia finished third in the group behind Brazil and Mexico and therefore failed to qualify for the next stage.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 656933, 1874452 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 26, 40 ], [ 63, 75 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "At Euro 2016 in France, Srna, once again as team captain, played in Croatia's first group stage match against Turkey. Shortly after the match, however, he returned to Croatia upon the news of his father's death during the match. He returned to France to finish the tournament afterwards, to abide by his father's dying wish. Croatia reached the knock-out phase of the tournament, but lost 1–0 to Portugal through an extra-time Ricardo Quaresma goal.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 7932564, 576328, 800594 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 3, 12 ], [ 396, 404 ], [ 427, 443 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Srna amassed 134 caps and 22 goals for Croatia, which made him the country's most capped player at the time of his retirement. He held this record for over eight years, until it was overtaken by Luka Modrić in 2021.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 3064199 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 195, 206 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Srna was born in Metković to Bosniak father Uzeir and Croat mother Milka. His father, a World War II orphan and a former footballer for FK Sarajevo, supported his fledgling football career despite discrimination during the Yugoslav Wars and widespread corruption among football coaches. Before leaving Croatia to join for Shakhtar Donetsk, he gave his parents a brand new Mercedes. He has a tattoo of a deer playing football on his leg, as \"Srna\" in Croatian means \"deer\". Srna has also helped Bosnian club Borac Šamac, where his father played as goalkeeper and was also a coach.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Personal life", "target_page_ids": [ 1811789, 32655920, 69801, 7148715, 689493, 435497, 18563566, 30555, 26276394, 11013724 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 17, 25 ], [ 29, 36 ], [ 54, 59 ], [ 88, 100 ], [ 136, 147 ], [ 223, 236 ], [ 372, 380 ], [ 391, 397 ], [ 450, 458 ], [ 507, 518 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Srna has a half-brother, Renato, a coach at Neretva, from their father's first marriage. His other brother Igor has Down syndrome. As a result, Srna dedicates all his goals to him, and even revealed a shirt under his jersey saying \"Igor, svi smo uz tebe\" (\"Igor, we are all here for you\") after scoring a goal against North Macedonia in international play. He also has a tattoo reading \"Igor\" along his heart.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Personal life", "target_page_ids": [ 11672527, 8303, 679799 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 44, 51 ], [ 116, 129 ], [ 318, 333 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "While at Shakhtar, Srna frequently bought match tickets for orphans and often financed their travel to the stadium at his own expense. In late 2014, he purchased 20 tonnes of tangerines from farms near Metković and had them donated to over 23,000 primary school children in the Donbass region during the ongoing war there.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Personal life", "target_page_ids": [ 737930, 42563745 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 278, 285 ], [ 304, 321 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Srna married long-time girlfriend Mirela Forić, whom he met through mutual friend and footballer Boško Balaban. Their daughter Kasja was born in July 2010 and their son Karlo was born in June 2015.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Personal life", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Source:", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Career statistics", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Source:", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Career statistics", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Croatia score listed first, score column indicates score after each Srna goal", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Career statistics", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Hajduk Split", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Prva HNL: 2000–01", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 1510519, 17573976 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 8 ], [ 10, 17 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Croatian Cup: 1999–2000, 2002–03", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 1878567, 26952469, 27024642 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 12 ], [ 14, 23 ], [ 25, 32 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Shakhtar Donetsk", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Vyshcha Liha/Ukrainian Premier League: 2004–05, 2005–06, 2007–08, 2009–10, 2010–11, 2011–12, 2012–13, 2013–14, 2016–17, 2017–18", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 2322171, 4353472, 5130692, 11823081, 22833371, 24916249, 31744317, 35129804, 39114861, 50611532, 53920477 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 37 ], [ 39, 46 ], [ 48, 55 ], [ 57, 64 ], [ 66, 73 ], [ 75, 82 ], [ 84, 91 ], [ 93, 100 ], [ 102, 109 ], [ 111, 118 ], [ 120, 127 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Ukrainian Cup: 2003–04, 2007–08, 2010–11, 2011–12, 2012–13, 2015–16, 2016–17, 2017–18", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 4983496, 28059652, 15805180, 28034182, 32326138, 36317184, 47135170, 50986418, 54413251 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 13 ], [ 15, 22 ], [ 24, 31 ], [ 33, 40 ], [ 42, 49 ], [ 51, 58 ], [ 60, 67 ], [ 69, 76 ], [ 78, 85 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Ukrainian Super Cup: 2005, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2017", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 5063660, 53417977, 53850460, 58037067, 61394592, 61394931, 61402691, 61403245, 54545938 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 19 ], [ 21, 25 ], [ 27, 31 ], [ 33, 37 ], [ 39, 43 ], [ 45, 49 ], [ 51, 55 ], [ 57, 61 ], [ 63, 67 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "UEFA Cup: 2008–09", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 232175, 12450336 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 8 ], [ 10, 17 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Individual", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Heart of Hajduk Award: 2003", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 20591470 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 21 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Best Ukrainian Premier League Player: 2008–09, 2009–10", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 2322171 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 5, 29 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "UEFA Champions League Team of the Season: 2010–11", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 44220 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 21 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "UEFA Europa League Squad of the Season: 2015–16", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 232175, 39476131 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 18 ], [ 40, 47 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Orders", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Order For Courage by Ukraine: 2009", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 24083168, 31750 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 17 ], [ 21, 28 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "List of men's footballers with 100 or more international caps", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 10205078 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 61 ] ] } ]

[ "1982_births", "Living_people", "Sportspeople_from_Metković", "Croatian_footballers", "Association_football_defenders", "Association_football_midfielders", "NK_Neretva_players", "HNK_Hajduk_Split_players", "FC_Shakhtar_Donetsk_players", "Cagliari_Calcio_players", "Croatian_Football_League_players", "Ukrainian_Premier_League_players", "Serie_A_players", "UEFA_Europa_League_winning_players", "Croatia_youth_international_footballers", "Croatia_under-21_international_footballers", "Croatia_international_footballers", "UEFA_Euro_2004_players", "2006_FIFA_World_Cup_players", "UEFA_Euro_2008_players", "UEFA_Euro_2012_players", "2014_FIFA_World_Cup_players", "UEFA_Euro_2016_players", "FIFA_Century_Club", "Croatian_expatriate_footballers", "Expatriate_footballers_in_Italy", "Expatriate_footballers_in_Ukraine", "Croatian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Italy", "Croatian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Ukraine", "FC_Shakhtar_Donetsk_non-playing_staff", "Croatian_people_of_Bosniak_descent", "Croatian_sportspeople_in_doping_cases", "Doping_cases_in_association_football" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "Nenad Bjelica (; born 20 August 1971) is a Croatian professional football manager and former player who is the most recently manager of Prva HNL club Osijek.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 10568, 5468399, 10669, 1510519, 1515039 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 65, 73 ], [ 74, 81 ], [ 93, 99 ], [ 136, 144 ], [ 150, 156 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Born in Osijek, Bjelica started playing for a local club, Metalac Olt, in the 1989–90 season. He quickly moved to NK Osijek and spent almost four seasons there, before moving abroad to Spain.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 149282, 11702622, 1515039 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 8, 14 ], [ 58, 69 ], [ 114, 123 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Bjelica played for Albacete Balompié for four years, during which the team reached the Copa del Rey semi-final in the 1994–95 season. In 1996 he moved to Real Betis and was in the team that was the runner-up in the 1996–97 campaign. The next season, Bjelica spent at UD Las Palmas, but returned to Real Betis a year later. Due to injuries, he played very few games in this period, and would again spend a season at Las Palmas until the end of 1999.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 79945, 80967, 25069575, 834322, 25849696, 24950397, 2330070 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 19, 36 ], [ 87, 99 ], [ 118, 132 ], [ 154, 164 ], [ 198, 207 ], [ 215, 231 ], [ 267, 280 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Bjelica then returned home to Osijek for two seasons and recovered his form, playing with the team in three stages of the UEFA Cup. He then moved to 1. FC Kaiserslautern in 2000, where he spent four seasons until semi-retiring top-tier football in 2004. During the 2004–05 season, Bjelica played for VfB Admira Wacker Mödling. After that, he played for the Austrian club FC Kärnten in the Second League before retiring on 30 June 2008.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 232175, 265904, 17472416, 3086395, 5644264, 11507795 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 122, 130 ], [ 149, 169 ], [ 265, 279 ], [ 300, 325 ], [ 371, 381 ], [ 389, 402 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Bjelica made his debut for Croatia in a February 2001 friendly match against Austria and earned a total of 9 caps, scoring no goals. His final international was a June 2004 European Championship match against France in Portugal. He retired from the team in that year, at the same time the manager Otto Barić was replaced.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 715240, 977090, 695226, 372770, 250197, 5599139 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 27, 34 ], [ 54, 68 ], [ 77, 84 ], [ 173, 194 ], [ 209, 215 ], [ 297, 307 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Bjelica began his coaching career on 15 September 2007 at FC Kärnten, as player-caretaker manager. On 1 July 2008, he signed a full managing contract, just a day after ending his playing career.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Managerial career", "target_page_ids": [ 5644264 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 58, 68 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Bjelica was the head coach of Lustenau 07 from March to December 2009, as well as of WAC St. Andrä from May 2010 to June 2013. Bjelica moved to Austria Wien on 17 June 2013 as their new head coach, and qualified for the 2013–14 UEFA Champions League group stage, defeating the Croatian champion Dinamo Zagreb in the last round of qualification, with the club. Bjelica was sacked on 16 February 2014. As Austria Wien failed to qualify for the UEFA Europa League nonetheless at the end of the season, his contract expired.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Managerial career", "target_page_ids": [ 12689285, 22619528, 895568, 35195177, 34189153, 232175 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 30, 41 ], [ 85, 98 ], [ 144, 156 ], [ 220, 249 ], [ 295, 308 ], [ 442, 460 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In June 2014, he was hired by Serie B side Spezia. On 30 August 2016, he was appointed head coach at Polish side Lech Poznań. On 10 May 2018, he was released from his contract at Lech.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Managerial career", "target_page_ids": [ 517788, 2877829, 677622 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 30, 37 ], [ 43, 49 ], [ 113, 124 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On 15 May 2018, Bjelica signed a two-year contract with the Croatian champion Dinamo Zagreb, being appointed as their head coach. Four days later, he celebrated winning the league title, while on 23 May he won the Croatian Cup. On 8 November, Dinamo managed to qualify for the 2018–19 UEFA Europa League knockout phase, defeating Spartak Trnava. On 18 September 2019, Bjelica led Dinamo in the club's inaugural match in the UEFA Champions League after two seasons, with a 4–0 home win against Atalanta. On 16 April 2020, following the sacking of the entire coaching staff by the club, it was announced that Dinamo terminated the contract with Bjelica.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Managerial career", "target_page_ids": [ 53868571, 54584549, 57475373, 4403792, 55734984, 210482 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 173, 179 ], [ 214, 226 ], [ 277, 318 ], [ 330, 344 ], [ 424, 445 ], [ 493, 501 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In September 2020, after failing to win three opening games of their season, Croatian club Osijek sacked their head coach Ivica Kulešević and appointed Bjelica instead.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Managerial career", "target_page_ids": [ 64518344, 1515039, 47149444 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 63, 75 ], [ 91, 97 ], [ 122, 137 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Bjelica is of paternal Montenegrin and maternal Croatian descent. In 1997, he married his wife Senka. The couple have two sons: Luka and Luan.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Personal life", "target_page_ids": [ 7784427, 69801 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 23, 34 ], [ 48, 56 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "WAC St. Andrä", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Austrian Second League: 2011–12", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 11507795, 32721680 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 22 ], [ 24, 31 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Dinamo Zagreb", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Prva HNL: 2017–18, 2018–19", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 1510519, 53868571, 57359181 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 8 ], [ 10, 17 ], [ 19, 26 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Croatian Cup: 2017–18", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 1878567, 54584549 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 12 ], [ 14, 21 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Croatian Super Cup: 2019", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 2341821, 60960532 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 18 ], [ 20, 24 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Croatian Footballer of the Year: 2000", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 31027630 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 31 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "SN Sportsperson of the Year: 2019", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 15971524 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 27 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Nenad Bjelica at the Croatian Football Federation", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [ 1268150 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 21, 49 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Nenad Bjelica Interview", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "1971_births", "Living_people", "Sportspeople_from_Osijek", "Croatian_people_of_Montenegrin_descent", "Association_football_midfielders", "Croatian_footballers", "Croatia_under-21_international_footballers", "Croatia_international_footballers", "UEFA_Euro_2004_players", "NK_Osijek_players", "Albacete_Balompié_players", "Real_Betis_players", "UD_Las_Palmas_players", "1._FC_Kaiserslautern_players", "FC_Admira_Wacker_Mödling_players", "FC_Kärnten_players", "Croatian_Football_League_players", "La_Liga_players", "Bundesliga_players", "Austrian_Football_Bundesliga_players", "Croatian_expatriate_footballers", "Expatriate_footballers_in_Spain", "Croatian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Spain", "Expatriate_footballers_in_Germany", "Croatian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Germany", "Expatriate_footballers_in_Austria", "Croatian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Austria", "Croatian_football_managers", "FC_Kärnten_managers", "Wolfsberger_AC_managers", "FK_Austria_Wien_managers", "Spezia_Calcio_managers", "Lech_Poznań_managers", "GNK_Dinamo_Zagreb_managers", "NK_Osijek_managers", "Austrian_Football_Bundesliga_managers", "Serie_B_managers", "Croatian_expatriate_football_managers", "Expatriate_football_managers_in_Austria", "Expatriate_football_managers_in_Italy", "Croatian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Italy", "Expatriate_football_managers_in_Poland", "Croatian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Poland" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "Đovani Roso (; born 17 November 1972) is a Croatian former footballer. Roso was a midfielder, who preferred to play on the center-right flank of the field. He finished his footballing career at Hajduk Split. Roso is known in Israel for his technique and free kicks, and resides there with his Israeli wife Maya Fishel and their son.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 10568, 548981, 861240, 9282173 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 59, 69 ], [ 82, 92 ], [ 194, 206 ], [ 225, 231 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Roso played for NK Zagreb between 1994 and 1996 before moving to Israel. Roso enjoyed great success in the decade. He played for top teams in Israel, including a campaign in the UEFA Champions League with Maccabi Haifa. He has been acknowledged as being among the very best foreign players to ever play in the Israeli Premier League. He is also known for his lively personality and prominent sense of humour.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 1609836, 44220, 319872, 5833668 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 16, 25 ], [ 178, 199 ], [ 205, 218 ], [ 310, 332 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Roso's form in 2004 got him called up for Croatia, so he played for his birth country at Euro 2004. It was only later, in 2005, that he finally obtained Israeli citizenship. However he could never play for the Israeli national team, since he had already played for Croatia.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 715240, 372770 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 42, 49 ], [ 89, 98 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Roso speaks fluent Hebrew, and has stated numerous times that he plans on coming back to live in Israel at the end of his football career.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 13450 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 19, 25 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "His return to Hajduk Split was ruined by injuries. He only ended up playing four games in the Croatian first league during this stretch. He retired from club football in June 2009.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 861240 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 14, 26 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Roso appeared as the Pit Stop greeter during Leg 3 of HaMerotz LaMillion 2 ( Israel\"), which took place in Dubrovnik, Croatia.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Later career", "target_page_ids": [ 32740580, 34260875 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 54, 74 ], [ 76, 84 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In 2015, he participated in the reality TV series \"Goalstar\". In 2019, he participated and won the reality TV series \"Survivor VIP\" that was broadcast on Channel 13 in Israel.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Later career", "target_page_ids": [ 55414461 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 154, 164 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Hapoel Be'er Sheva", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Israel State Cup: 1997", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 6075348 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 16 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Hapoel Haifa", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Israeli Championships: 1998–99", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 23772873 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 21 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Maccabi Haifa", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Israeli Championships: 2001–02, 2003–04, 2004–05", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 23772873 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 21 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Toto Cup: 2001–02", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 5802918 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 8 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Individual", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Israeli Player of the Year: 1998–99, 2001–02", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Stats at Maccabi Haifa", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "1972_births", "Living_people", "Sportspeople_from_Split,_Croatia", "Croatian_footballers", "Croatian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Israel", "Croatian_people_of_Italian_descent", "Association_football_midfielders", "Croatia_international_footballers", "UEFA_Euro_2004_players", "Croatian_Football_League_players", "Liga_Leumit_players", "Israeli_Premier_League_players", "HNK_Hajduk_Split_players", "Hapoel_Haifa_F.C._players", "Hapoel_Be'er_Sheva_F.C._players", "Beitar_Jerusalem_F.C._players", "Maccabi_Haifa_F.C._players", "Maccabi_Tel_Aviv_F.C._players", "NK_Zagreb_players", "NK_Zadar_players", "Croatian_expatriate_footballers", "Expatriate_footballers_in_Israel", "Survivor_(Israeli_TV_series)_contestants", "Survivor_(franchise)_winners" ]

[ "Giovanni Rosso", "Dovani Roso", "Giovanni Roso", "Đovani Rosso", "Dovani Rosso" ]

[ { "plaintext": "Tomislav \"Tomo\" Šokota (born 8 April 1977) is a Croatian footballer who plays as a striker. Šokota is a powerful striker but his promising career was overshadowed by frequent injuries, especially in second half of the 2000s. Šokota gave his best performances during his first spell with Dinamo Zagreb (1997–2001) and at Portuguese side Benfica (2001–2005). He was also a Croatia international, capped eight times during the team's Euro 2004 campaign.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 10568, 428681, 34189153, 574076, 715240, 372770 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 57, 67 ], [ 83, 90 ], [ 287, 300 ], [ 336, 343 ], [ 371, 392 ], [ 431, 449 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Šokota joined Porto from rivals Benfica, where he played between 2001 and 2005. He previously played four seasons for Croatian First League side Dinamo Zagreb, who signed him to his first professional contract from his youth club NK Samobor in 1997. While playing for Dinamo Zagreb, he became the top goalscorer of the Croatian First League in both 1999–2000 and 2000–01 seasons, scoring 21 and 20 goals respectively. He also made several appearances in the UEFA Champions League with the club during their participations in the 1998 and 1999 group stages of the competition. Following his very successful 2000–01 season he was signed by Primeira Liga side Benfica. During his time with the Lisbon side he played up front alongside Norwegian striker Azar Karadas for two seasons.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 172589, 574076, 1510519, 34189153, 12374861, 44220, 909545, 1868073 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 14, 19 ], [ 32, 39 ], [ 118, 139 ], [ 145, 158 ], [ 230, 240 ], [ 458, 479 ], [ 638, 651 ], [ 750, 762 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "By the end of 2004, and after refusing all Benfica's contract renewal proposals, Šokota was relegated to Benfica B, the club's reserve squad, where he eventually played for the rest of the 2004–05 season. On 25 January 2004, he played in a 1–0 away win against Vitória de Guimarães, a game overshadowed by the tragic death of his teammate Miklós Fehér. In June 2005, after his contract with Benfica finally expired, he joined rivals FC Porto on a free transfer.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 1127372, 444872 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 261, 281 ], [ 339, 351 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "He has been plagued by injuries in his time in Portugal, having undergone four major surgeries. While at FC Porto, his first injury was at the beginning of the 2005–06 season, and he only returned to an official match on the last day of the Portuguese league. Soon, in the 2006–07 pre-season, he had another injury and as a result he played his first Superliga match against Estrela Amadora on 3 February 2007. Šokota returned to his hometown club Dinamo Zagreb in March 2007 in which he played until July 2009. In July 2009 Šokota moved to the Belgian League, signing a contract with Lokeren. Following a year with the Belgian side he moved to Slovenian side Olimpija Ljubljana for the 2010–11 season.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 2342272, 155167, 2659730 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 375, 390 ], [ 585, 592 ], [ 660, 678 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Šokota debuted for the Croatian national team in their second-leg Euro 2004 qualifying play-off match versus Slovenia in November 2003 and also played all three matches at the Euro 2004 finals in Portugal before the Croatian team exited the competition in the group stage. Following UEFA Euro 2004, he was called up to be a part of the Croatian squad to play at the 2006 FIFA World Cup but due to a very serious injury he had to miss the tournament.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 715240, 372770, 1008145, 372770, 157233 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 23, 45 ], [ 66, 75 ], [ 109, 117 ], [ 283, 297 ], [ 366, 385 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "He won a total of eight caps and scored two goals for Croatia. His international goals came in friendlies against Turkey and Denmark.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 743577, 580173 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 114, 120 ], [ 125, 132 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "NK Samobor", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Croatian Second League: 1995–96 (West)", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 1735495 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 22 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Dinamo Zagreb", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Croatian First League (5): 1997–98, 1998–99, 1999–2000, 2007–08, 2008–09", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 1510519, 16172152, 17573969, 17573974, 11469544, 17563103 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 21 ], [ 27, 34 ], [ 36, 43 ], [ 45, 54 ], [ 56, 63 ], [ 65, 72 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Croatian Cup (4): 1997–98, 2000–01, 2007–08, 2008–09", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 1878567, 26929787, 26980100, 15488604, 18828647 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 12 ], [ 18, 25 ], [ 27, 34 ], [ 36, 43 ], [ 45, 52 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Benfica", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Primeira Liga: 2004–05", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 909545, 17933602 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 13 ], [ 15, 22 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Taça de Portugal: 2003–04", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 30873935, 40014233 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 16 ], [ 18, 25 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira: Runner-up 2004", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 1633307, 38029674 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 29 ], [ 41, 45 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Benfica B", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Terceira Divisão: 2004–05", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 1645160, 35825127 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 16 ], [ 18, 25 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Porto", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Primeira Liga: 2005–06, 2006–07", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 909545, 17933603, 5541261 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 13 ], [ 15, 22 ], [ 24, 31 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Taça de Portugal: 2005–06", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 30873935, 33324337 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 16 ], [ 18, 25 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira: 2006", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 1633307, 38892405 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 29 ], [ 31, 35 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Croatian Football Hope of the Year: 1999", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 31027630 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 34 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Croatian First League Top scorer: 2000, 2001", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 1510519 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 21 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Taça de Portugal Co-Top scorer: 2004", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 30873935 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 16 ] ] } ]

[ "1977_births", "Living_people", "Sportspeople_from_Zagreb", "Croatian_footballers", "Croatian_expatriate_footballers", "Croatia_international_footballers", "Croatia_youth_international_footballers", "Croatia_under-21_international_footballers", "Association_football_forwards", "GNK_Dinamo_Zagreb_players", "S.L._Benfica_footballers", "S.L._Benfica_B_players", "FC_Porto_players", "K.S.C._Lokeren_Oost-Vlaanderen_players", "NK_Olimpija_Ljubljana_(2005)_players", "UEFA_Euro_2004_players", "Primeira_Liga_players", "Croatian_Football_League_players", "Belgian_First_Division_A_players", "Slovenian_PrvaLiga_players", "NK_Samobor_players", "Croatian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Slovenia", "Croatian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Portugal", "Croatian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Belgium", "Expatriate_footballers_in_Portugal", "Expatriate_footballers_in_Belgium", "Expatriate_footballers_in_Slovenia" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "The Icarus Line was an American post-hardcore band from Los Angeles.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 912509, 18110 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 32, 45 ], [ 56, 67 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The Icarus Line's roots started from a high school rock group, Kanker Sores.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Career", "target_page_ids": [ 25423 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 51, 55 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Tragedy struck the band in 1997, when Tim Childs, drummer and close friend, was killed in a car crash shortly after recording their Pivot EP as Kanker Sores on Recess Records, and also songs for an aborted split 7” with Treadwell. The last Kanker Sores show was at the Che Café in San Diego, with Jenny Piccolo and The Locust.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Career", "target_page_ids": [ 38490, 3938565 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 50, 57 ], [ 160, 174 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In 1998 The Icarus Line formed with Joe Cardamone on vocals, Aaron North on guitar, Lance Arnao on bass, and Aaron Austin (formerly of Naked Aggression) on drums. Before even playing a single show, the band booked an extensive East Coast tour with Ink & Dagger. The Icarus Line played their first show at The Melody Bar in New Brunswick, New Jersey.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Career", "target_page_ids": [ 1801506, 3075372, 125433 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 61, 72 ], [ 248, 260 ], [ 323, 348 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On this first tour they sold an untitled demo tape, which consisted of the four Kanker Sores songs recorded in 1997 for the split release with Treadwell. Shortly after the tour, the band added Alvin DeGuzman on guitar. This reunited all four surviving members from Kanker Sores, and formed the core of The Icarus Line's lineup as it existed for many years, minus the \"revolving door\" of drummers.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Career", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Hellcat Records issued the band's first release in 1998. The 7-inch EP, Highlypuncturingnoisetestingyourabilitytohate, consisted of older songs the group had created while still Kanker Sores. Their next release, the Red And Black Attack EP, was released that same year on the New American Dream label. 1999 saw the band release a split 7-inch with Ink & Dagger, followed shortly by the \"Kill Cupid With A Nail File\" single on Buddyhead. 2000 found the band finally recording their debut album, Mono, across different sessions with Mark Trombino and Alex Newport. Recording was swift, unpolished, and essentially \"live\".", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Career", "target_page_ids": [ 405628, 17531638, 4723513, 2130956 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 15 ], [ 216, 236 ], [ 426, 435 ], [ 531, 544 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In 2001, the band embarked on an eight-week tour of Europe, and the \"Feed A Cat To Your Cobra\" single was released in the UK. A further world tour from May to October followed, including dates in Europe, Japan, Australia and the US. That summer, while performing at the Hard Rock Cafe in Austin, Texas during SXSW, North smashed a guitar display case and removed one of Stevie Ray Vaughan's guitars, an incident that became infamous.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Career", "target_page_ids": [ 1998, 4130245, 166911 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 288, 301 ], [ 309, 313 ], [ 370, 388 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Jeff Watson quit the band soon after, and Troy Petrey from Toys That Kill replaced him. Two John Peel sessions were recorded, the first while The Icarus Line were in the UK on a two-month tour, and the second while playing the Reading Festival in the summer of 2002. At the end of the year a split 7-inch with Burning Brides was released, featuring covers of two Misfits songs.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Career", "target_page_ids": [ 4228612, 16036, 719715, 3214459 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 59, 73 ], [ 92, 101 ], [ 227, 243 ], [ 310, 324 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The second single from Mono, \"Love Is Happiness\", was released in the UK as a limited edition EP on May 5, 2003. The Icarus Line's sixth drummer, Troy Petrey, left the band and Jeff \"The Captain\" Watson returned. Lance Arnao also left the band and Don Devore took his place on bass.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Career", "target_page_ids": [ 22560729 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 248, 258 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Penance Soiree, The Icarus Line's second full-length release and first on their new label, V2 Records, was recorded during the summer of 2003 in Hollywood, and mixed in London that autumn. There was not as much touring this year as previous ones, just a few dates supporting the likes of Primal Scream and A Perfect Circle at the beginning and end of the year.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Career", "target_page_ids": [ 7951949, 974663, 77746, 269859 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 14 ], [ 91, 101 ], [ 288, 301 ], [ 306, 322 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In 2004 Penance Soiree was finally released. Radically different from their debut, the album was clearly influenced by bands such as The Birthday Party and The Stooges. The album also featured a noisy, washed-out guitar sound reminiscent of The Jesus and Mary Chain. In 2005, Aaron North quit the band and later joined Trent Reznor in Nine Inch Nails.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Career", "target_page_ids": [ 191226, 146021, 167717, 1801506, 144040, 71966 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 133, 151 ], [ 156, 167 ], [ 241, 265 ], [ 276, 287 ], [ 319, 331 ], [ 335, 350 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In 2006, the band released an EP called Black Presents. The third full-length, Black Lives At The Golden Coast, came out in May 2007. Due to personal differences, Don Devore was released from the group before the release of the record. Guitarists Jason DeCorse and James Striff joined the band pushing the band toward a more blues based sound compared to the atonal style on Black Lives. After a world tour with The Lemonheads and Wolfmother, they returned to Los Angeles to build a studio (Gang Bang Park), and start a new record with the newest touring lineup including Joe Cardamone, Jeff Watson, Alvin DeGuzman, James Striff and Jason DeCorse. In August 2011, the band released the album Wildlife, characterized by the greater prominence of frontman Joe Cardamone, who, in addition to lead singer and primary songwriter duties, further expanded his responsibilities to include producing and engineering.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Career", "target_page_ids": [ 18120772, 238737, 1491675 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 247, 260 ], [ 412, 426 ], [ 431, 441 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Wildlife was tracked at Sunset Sound Studios in Hollywood completing the band's trilogy of albums recorded in all three studios on the premises. Greg Gordon engineered the sessions with Bradley Pike assisting. All of the songs were tracked live as a group to analog tape. Overdubs and mixing were completed at Joe Cardamone's home studio in Highland Park, California. As he had never engineered his own mixes, the final product was unpolished and exploratory. This attempt polarized critics; some criticized the record for sounding unpolished, while others applauded the album's intuitive nature.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Career", "target_page_ids": [ 4934893 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 24, 44 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The first single, \"We Sick\" was released on February 23, 2010. Annie Hardy from Giant Drag is featured on several of the tracks on Wildlife, and also appeared on organ for some of the Los Angeles live performances surrounding the record release. Ariel Pink is also credited as making \"Baby Noises\" in the liner notes.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Career", "target_page_ids": [ 3030411, 2884673, 30846469 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 63, 74 ], [ 80, 90 ], [ 246, 256 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "After the release the band minus James Striff and Jeff Watson embarked on a world tour for most of 2012, touring with Killing Joke. Lance Arnao, the group's original bass player, reemerged to join the group for the tours and to record what was to become the Live in London LP. Jeff Watson was also replaced with Ben Hallet on drums. Following the UK/European tours The Icarus Line returned to tour the US with The Cult, culminating in a sold-out homecoming show at the Hollywood Palladium.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Career", "target_page_ids": [ 393562, 151734 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 118, 130 ], [ 410, 418 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In late 2012, Joe Cardamone, Alvin DeGuzman, Lance Arnao and Ben Hallet began the writing process for the next yet-to-be-titled full-length LP. New songs \"Salem Slims\" and \"Junkadelic\" were featured in the 2012 live performances.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Career", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "In August 2014, the band released their seventh full-length album, Avowed Slavery.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Career", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "In October 2015, the band released their eighth full-length album, All Things Under Heaven.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Career", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "After DeGuzman was stricken with cancer, and becoming disillusioned by touring with Scott Weiland, Joe Cardamone quietly left the group at the end of 2015. Since then, he has gone solo.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Career", "target_page_ids": [ 367133 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 84, 97 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The Icarus Line were the subject of the 2017 independent feature film The Icarus Line Must Die, directed by filmmaker Michael Grodner. The film, released by Dark Star Pictures, stars Cardamone as himself, and features musicians such as Keith Morris, Ariel Pink, and Annie Hardy (Giant Drag).", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Career", "target_page_ids": [ 147764, 30846469, 3030411, 2884673 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 236, 248 ], [ 250, 260 ], [ 266, 277 ], [ 279, 289 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Highlypuncturingnoisetestingyourabilitytohate (1998)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Red and Black Attack (1998)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [ 17531638 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 21 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Three Jesus Songs (2003)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Black Presents (2006)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [ 7962715 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 15 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Mono (2001)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [ 9154971 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 5 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Penance Soiree (2004)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [ 7951949 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 15 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Black Lives at the Golden Coast (2007)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [ 26479861 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 32 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Wildlife (August 2011)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Live in London (April 2012)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Slave Vows (August 2013)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [ 40186156 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 11 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Avowed Slavery (August 2014)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " All Things Under Heaven (October 2015)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " \"Kill Cupid With A Nail File\" (2000)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " \"Feed A Cat To Your Cobra\" (2001)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " \"Love Is Happiness\" (2003)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " \"Up Against The Wall, Motherfuckers\" (2004)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " \"Party The Baby Off\" (2004)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " \"On The Lash\" (2004)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " \"Gets Paid\" (2007)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " \"We Sick\" / \"Holy Man\" (2010)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " \"Bad Bloods\" / \"Slow Death\" (2012)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " w/ Ink & Dagger (\"We're Never Gonna Make It\") (1998)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [ 3075372 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 4, 16 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " w/ Burning Brides (\"Angelfuck\") (2002)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " w/ Pen Expers (\"Raise Your Crown\") (2011)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Discography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Official Icarus Line site maintained by Joe Cardamone", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The Icarus Line on Myspace", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Official GangBangPark Studio Blogspot", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "GangBangPark Studio on MySpace", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The Icarus Line on Twitter", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Unofficial Icarus Line fansite", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The Icarus Line on All Music Guide", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "Musical_groups_established_in_1998", "American_post-hardcore_musical_groups", "Musical_groups_from_Los_Angeles" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "Stuart Shadrick Murray (22 March 1898 – 19 September 1980) was a Vice Admiral of the United States Navy who served during World War II.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 14794236, 20518076 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 65, 77 ], [ 85, 103 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Born in Delia, Texas he graduated from the United States Naval Academy in 1919. In the 1920s, Murray was involved in constructing the submarine base at Pearl Harbor.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Early life and career", "target_page_ids": [ 59766, 21285632 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 43, 70 ], [ 152, 164 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Nicknamed \"Sunshine\" and \"the Gentle Giant\", Murray was a plankowner aboard , placing her in commission on 15 August 1935.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Early life and career", "target_page_ids": [ 7266030, 515466 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 10, 20 ], [ 58, 68 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "As ComSubDiv 15, in October 1941, he was assigned to Manila, home of the Asiatic Fleet. Along with Joseph Connolly's SubDiv 16, Murray's division made up Submarine Squadron 2 (SubRon2), under ComSubAsia Captain Walter Doyle (nicknamed \"Red\") in , who answered to Admiral Thomas C. Hart. They comprised the entirety of the brand-new Salmon class.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Early life and career", "target_page_ids": [ 184334, 164106, 145415, 7266030, 1436299, 949580 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 53, 59 ], [ 73, 86 ], [ 137, 145 ], [ 235, 240 ], [ 271, 285 ], [ 332, 338 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "When the Japanese attacked the Philippines, Wilkes (who ended up being \"special adviser\" to Doyle, who had no experience in Asia), his chief of staff, Jimmy Fife, and Murray warned their skippers to be cautious. The initial plan, to rely on information from General Lewis Brereton's B-17s, went to pieces the first day, when General MacArthur failed to preserve them from Japanese attack. Murray was not aided by the abysmal performance of the Mark 14 torpedo, either.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "World War II", "target_page_ids": [ 15088943, 1611300, 4997, 48596, 10247977 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 151, 161 ], [ 266, 280 ], [ 283, 287 ], [ 333, 342 ], [ 444, 459 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On Christmas Day 1941, Murray moved into quarters in the tunnels of Corregidor with all of ComSubAsia's top staff (him, Fife, Wilkes, and Doyle, everyone who had not fled with and equipment (one typewriter and a radio receiver). As the defeat became evident, Wilkes ordered all submarine crewmen out; on 1 January 1942, Murray boarded Chet Smith's with Wilkes and others, to join Hart in Soerabaja.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "World War II", "target_page_ids": [ 160376, 212635 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 68, 78 ], [ 390, 399 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "After fleeing the Philippines, Hart pulled Murray's boats back to Fremantle (in keeping with Navy Department instructions), where Murray came under the command of his old boss from SubDiv 13 Charles Lockwood's Task Force 51, becoming chief of staff of SubRon 2, under Jimmy Fife (also one of Lockwood's old Division 13 skippers).", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "World War II", "target_page_ids": [ 146693, 797334, 1480884 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 66, 75 ], [ 93, 108 ], [ 191, 207 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "With the death of Robert H. English, Lockwood was named ComSubPac in his stead, taking Murray as his Chief of Staff (replacing John Griggs), over the objections of \"Chips\" Carpender, ComSubSoWestPac.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "World War II", "target_page_ids": [ 3331660, 12055091, 4061841 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 18, 35 ], [ 56, 65 ], [ 164, 181 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Near the end of 1943, Murray was named Commandant of Midshipmen at Annapolis, rather than to a new submarine squadron. Among the midshipmen at the Academy during Murray's tenure were future president Jimmy Carter and future vice admiral and Medal of Honor recipient James B. Stockdale.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "World War II", "target_page_ids": [ 59766, 15992, 40331925, 229405 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 67, 76 ], [ 200, 212 ], [ 241, 255 ], [ 266, 284 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Murray took command of the battleship in May 1945, and was responsible for the preparations for the signing of the Japanese surrender on 2 September 1945.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "World War II", "target_page_ids": [ 335101 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 116, 134 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Murray was ComSubLant from 1950 until 1952. Murray was promoted to vice admiral (three-star) on December 7, 1955 and assigned as Naval Inspector General. He retired in August 1956 and was promoted to admiral (four star) on the retired list in recognition of his wartime service.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Post war", "target_page_ids": [ 12054857, 31787155 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 11, 21 ], [ 129, 152 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Distinguished Service Medal", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Awards", "target_page_ids": [ 767197 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 27 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Legion of Merit", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Awards", "target_page_ids": [ 18691 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 15 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "World War I Victory Medal", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Awards", "target_page_ids": [ 875488 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 25 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "American Defense Service Medal with \"FLEET\" clasp", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Awards", "target_page_ids": [ 878246 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 30 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal with one battle star", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Awards", "target_page_ids": [ 753362, 845294 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 30 ], [ 40, 51 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "American Campaign Medal", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Awards", "target_page_ids": [ 947002 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 23 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "World War II Victory Medal", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Awards", "target_page_ids": [ 794218 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 26 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Navy Occupation Medal", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Awards", "target_page_ids": [ 969188 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 21 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "National Defense Service Medal", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Awards", "target_page_ids": [ 766159 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 30 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Philippine Defense Medal", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Awards", "target_page_ids": [ 1089616 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 24 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Blair, Clay, Jr. Silent Victory. New York: Bantam, 1976 (reprints Lippincott 1975 edition). .", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "References", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "1898_births", "1980_deaths", "Burials_at_Arlington_National_Cemetery", "People_from_Limestone_County,_Texas", "United_States_Navy_admirals", "United_States_Naval_Academy_alumni", "United_States_Navy_Inspectors_General", "Recipients_of_the_Legion_of_Merit", "Military_personnel_from_Texas" ]

[ "Stuart Shadrick" ]

[ { "plaintext": "Digboi (IPA: ˈdɪgˌbɔɪ) is a town and a town area committee in Tinsukia district in the north-eastern part of the state of Assam, India", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 4592572, 3655402, 186162 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 39, 58 ], [ 62, 79 ], [ 122, 127 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Crude oil was discovered here in late 19th century and first oil well was dug in 1866. Digboi is known as the Oil City of Assam where the first oil well in Asia was drilled. The first refinery was started here as early as 1901. Digboi has the oldest oil well in operation. With a significant number of British professionals working for Assam Oil Company until the decade following independence of India, Digboi had a well-developed infrastructure and a number of bungalows unique to the town. It has eighteen holes golf course as part of the Digboi Club. It has guest houses and tourist residential apartments laid on Italian architectural plan to promote tourism in upper Assam.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 323262 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 463, 472 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Barely seven years after Edwin L. Drake drilled the world's first oil well in 1859 at Titusville, Pennsylvania in the United States, history registered another exploration of the black liquid gold, in the largest continent. More than a century ago, history was made in a remote corner of Assam in the midst of the dense and malaria infested jungles, by a band of intrepid pioneers searching for black gold. In 1867 Italian Engineers, commissioned by the Assam Railways and Trading Company, to build a railway line from Dibrugarh to Margherita (Headquarters of Assam Railways and Trading Company) accidentally discovered oil at Digboi around 10 miles from Margherita. \"'Dig boy, dig', shouted the Canadian engineer, Mr W L Lake, at his men as they watched elephants emerging out of the dense forest with oil stains on their feet\".", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Etymology", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "This is possibly the most distilled – though fanciful – version of the legend explaining the siting and naming of Digboi. Two events separated by seven years have become fused, but although neither is likely to be provable, such evidence that does exist appears sufficiently detailed to be credible. Various web sites offer variations on the elephant's foot story, a consensus of which would be that engineers extending the Dibru-Sadiya railway line to Ledo for the Assam Railways and Trading Company (AR&TC) in 1882 were using elephants for haulage and noticed that the mud on one pachyderm's feet smelled of oil. Retracing the trail of footprints, they found oil seeping to the surface. One of the engineers, the Englishman (not Canadian) Willie Leova Lake, was an 'oil enthusiast' and persuaded the company to drill a well. Oil India Ltd's web site contains no history of the Assam Oil Company's origins but an earlier incarnation claimed that the \"decision to drill was taken by the Directors of the AR&T Co. in 1888 under the direction of Mr. W L Lake, an employee of the company and an oil enthusiast\". Once the project had been approved, Lake assembled equipment, boilers, and local labour, and engaged elephants to haul the machinery to the site. The first well was started in September 1889, but an encouraging first strike at turned out to be a small pocket, and drilling recommenced. This continued until November 1890 when the well was completed at a total depth of , and it was during this extended period of drilling that Assam Oil Company's magazine adverts placed the legend of Lake exhorting one or more of his labourers to \"Dig, boy!\"", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Etymology", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "It is said that the town gets its name from the phrase \"dig-boy-dig,\" which is what the English and Canadian miners told the labourers as they dug for crude oil. It is said that Canadians first noticed oil on the feet of elephants. That's how oil was discovered here. The town's history begins in 1867 when a small group of men from the Assam Railway and Trading Co. found their elephants' legs soaked in black mud, that smelled somewhat like oil. The men began exploring more, and in 1889, the English started a small oil installation. India (and Asia) obtained its first refinery in Digboi in the year 1901. Assam Oil Company was formed in 1899 to look after the running of the oil business in this area. The Digboi oil field produced close to of crude oil at its peak, which was during World War II. The field was pushed to produce the maximum amount of oil with little regard to reservoir management; as a result, production started to drop almost immediately after the war. The current production from the Digboi fields is about . Over 1,000 wells have been drilled at Digboi the first well in 1889 had stuck oil at . In 1989, the Department of Posts, India came out with a stamp commemorating 100 years of the Digboi fields.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Digboi as an oil town", "target_page_ids": [ 3574003, 9279, 195137, 23195, 32927 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 88, 95 ], [ 381, 389 ], [ 575, 583 ], [ 752, 761 ], [ 792, 804 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Today, though the crude production is not high, Digboi has the distinction of being India's oldest continuously producing oilfield. Digboi refinery, now a division of Indian Oil Corporation, had a capacity of about 0.65million tonnes per year as of 2003.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Digboi as an oil town", "target_page_ids": [ 2910801, 47428211, 31185 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 122, 130 ], [ 167, 189 ], [ 227, 232 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Digboi is now Headquarter of Assam Oil Division of Indian Oil Corporation Limited. The Earliest recorded to the existence of oil in India is found in the memories and dispatches of the Army Officers who penetrated the jungles of Upper Assam since 1825. Lt. R. Wilcox, Major A. White, Capt. Francis Jenkins, Capt. P.S. Hanney—they all saw at different times petroleum exuding from banks of the Dihing River. Mr. C.A. Bruce (1828) and Mr. H.B. Medicott (1865) of the Geological Survey of India also saw oil while prospecting for coal in Upper Assam.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Digboi as an oil town", "target_page_ids": [ 9380340, 5987 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 393, 405 ], [ 527, 531 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Mr. Goodenough of McKillop, Stewart & Co. Calcutta was the first in India to start a systematic programme of drilling for oil in November 1866, at Nahorpung about south east of Dibgoi, just seven years after the world's first commercial oil well was drilled in 1859, by Col Edwin L Drake in Pennsylvania, USA. This hand dug well—the first oil well in India—was drilled up to and proved dry. However the second well struck oil at Makum near Tinsukia, about from Digboi.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Digboi as an oil town", "target_page_ids": [ 47905, 23332, 1698677 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 42, 50 ], [ 292, 304 ], [ 442, 450 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In 1939, there was a major labour union strike in the Refinery. The Gandhi Movement of Congress for Indian Independence struggle; backed by labour rights and equality status was headed by Sardar Amar Singh Marwah. The break of the World War II coincided with the Digboi labour strike resulted in harsh steps taken by the British Administrative offices to crush the strike. The Viceroy and the Governor had intervened to bring a settlement adopting sturdy steps were take to crush the union by shooting down of the president of the labour union to be followed by issuing orders of Quit Digboi, Quit Lakhimpur and finally Quit Assam to the leaders of the labour union.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Digboi as an oil town", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The Digboi Refinery modernization project was taken up in large-scale in order to overcome the technological obsolescence of the old refinery. Subsequently, a number of other major projects were undertaken by Assam Oil Division to further revamp and modernise Digboi Refinery.Digboi refinery has been awarded the ISO-14001 and OHSMC certificate.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Digboi as an oil town", "target_page_ids": [ 4248520 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 4, 19 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Digboi is located at 27°22'48.0\"N 95°37'48.0\"E. It has an average elevation of 165metres (541ft).It is situated 510km north east of Guwahati.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Geography", "target_page_ids": [ 839289 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 132, 140 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " India census, Digboi has population of 21,736 of which 10,964 are males while 10,772 are females. Population of Children with age of 0-6 is 1745 which is 8.03% of total population of Digboi. Committee, Female Sex Ratio is of 982 against state average of 958. Moreover, Child Sex Ratio in Digboi is around 981 compared to Assam state average of 962. Literacy rate of Digboi city is 92.08% higher than state average of 72.19%. In Digboi, Male literacy is around 95.09% while female literacy rate is 89.02%.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Demographics", "target_page_ids": [ 6889 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 7, 13 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Digboi city have a population of 21,736 as per 2011 census. Bengali is spoken by 12,135, Assamese is spoken by 3,845, Hindi is spoken by 3,440, Nepali is spoken by 1,381 and 941 speaks other languages.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Demographics", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Digboi Oil Town was considered as a separate census town in 2011 India census. The population is largely heterogeneous. Assamese, Bengali, Nepali, Bihari, Marwari communities form the majority. People from various tribes such as the tea-tribes (brought in by the colonial planters as indentured labourers from the Chhotanagpur plateau region), Bodos, Mishings etc. have also made it their home.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Demographics", "target_page_ids": [ 5736477, 6889 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 45, 56 ], [ 71, 77 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "As being a small part of the diverse state Assam. It is culturally diverse with Assamese, Bengali and Nepali culture and heritage. As being colonised by British and rising of industrial era the place have seen adverse changes. Workers, labourers were brought in. Digboi township accounted for diverse group of people that entered in search of livelihood. But the outskirts were still agriculture based. Assam being rich in fertility, tea is produced throughout the place bringing a bright opportunity to the people and the place itself. Yet small people here portrait the picture of the nation itself.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Culture & economy", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The nearest airport is the Mohanbari Airport, Dibrugarh and the nearest railway junction is the Tinsukia Junction. One can get flight to Dibrugarh from Delhi and Kolkata on daily basis. Also Dibrugarh-New Delhi Rajdhani express runs daily from Dibrugarh via New Tinsukia Junction. There are also proper roadways which link the Digboi Oil town to some other towns like Duliajan, Makum etc.", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "How to reach Digboi", "target_page_ids": [ 7492176 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 27, 44 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Digboi has got a railway station and it connects well with Guwahati. ", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "How to reach Digboi", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Digboi can be reached by public transport bus and mini-vans as well. Buses between Digboi and other neighbouring towns and Guwahati are run by various companies. Rickshaw is the main mode of transport within the city.", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "How to reach Digboi", "target_page_ids": [ 839289 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 123, 131 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Digboi College", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Education", "target_page_ids": [ 55081551 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 15 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Digboi Mahila Mahavidyalaya", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Education", "target_page_ids": [ 55082332 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 28 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Digboi Oil Centenary Museum", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Places of interest", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Digboi War Cemetery", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Places of interest", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Digboi 18 hole Golf Course", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Places of interest", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Digboi Oil Field", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Places of interest", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Digboi Centenary Park", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Places of interest", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Digboi Bar", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Places of interest", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Digboi is part of Dibrugarh (Lok Sabha constituency) which is represented by Mr Rameswar Teli of Bharatiya Janata Party.It lies in the Digboi Constituency of the State Assembly where it is represented by Mr. Suren Phukan of Bharatiya Janata Party.", "section_idx": 9, "section_name": "Politics", "target_page_ids": [ 17921882, 42707592, 149330, 50734337, 52110966, 149330 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 18, 52 ], [ 80, 93 ], [ 97, 119 ], [ 135, 154 ], [ 208, 220 ], [ 224, 246 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Digboi Refinery", "section_idx": 10, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 4248520 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 15 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Bombay High", "section_idx": 10, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 565957 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 11 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " The Oil Town of Digboi", "section_idx": 12, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Tinsukia District Homepage", "section_idx": 12, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "ডিকবলি অয়েল টাউন", "section_idx": 12, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "डिग्बोइ ओइल टाउन", "section_idx": 12, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Digboi Oil Town", "section_idx": 12, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Tinsukia", "section_idx": 12, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Digboi Oil Town", "section_idx": 12, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "Cities_and_towns_in_Tinsukia_district", "Tinsukia" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "Ivica Olić (; born 14 September 1979) is a Croatian professional football manager and former player who is an assistant coach of the Croatia national team.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 10568, 5468399, 10669, 715240 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 65, 73 ], [ 74, 81 ], [ 93, 99 ], [ 133, 154 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "During his career, he played for German Bundesliga clubs such as Hamburger SV, VfL Wolfsburg and Bayern Munich, as well as CSKA Moscow, winning the 2004–05 UEFA Cup for the latter, and also for the Croatia national team. Olić primarily played as a striker but could also operate as a winger. He has been described as a relentless pursuer of the ball and possessing \"power and a decent bit of pace with him\". Former Croatia manager Slaven Bilić described him as a typical \"match-winner\" and \"king of important matches\" due to his ability to score in important matches against big opponents. Named the Croatian Footballer of the Year in 2009 and 2010, Olić appeared with Bayern Munich in two UEFA Champions League finals, in 2010 and 2012.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 686142, 535879, 1136635, 172326, 861274, 4333582, 428681, 428681, 4422831, 31027630, 44220, 14055447, 21312110 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 40, 50 ], [ 65, 77 ], [ 79, 92 ], [ 97, 110 ], [ 123, 134 ], [ 148, 164 ], [ 248, 255 ], [ 284, 290 ], [ 431, 443 ], [ 600, 631 ], [ 690, 711 ], [ 723, 727 ], [ 732, 736 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Olić represented Croatia at three FIFA World Cups–in 2002, 2006 and 2014–and two UEFA European Championships–in 2004 and 2008; earning his 100th cap on 16 November 2014, before retiring from international football in 2015.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 11370, 52622, 157233, 656933, 249510, 372770, 662351, 10205078 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 34, 48 ], [ 53, 57 ], [ 59, 63 ], [ 68, 72 ], [ 81, 107 ], [ 112, 116 ], [ 121, 125 ], [ 139, 148 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "He started his coaching career in 2017, joining the coaching staff upon appointment of Zlatko Dalić as Croatia national team head coach. He helped the team reach the 2018 FIFA World Cup Final and qualify for UEFA Euro 2020, interrupting his tenure with the team to briefly coach his former club CSKA Moscow.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 18986379, 55809099, 59119312, 35708276 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 87, 99 ], [ 166, 191 ], [ 196, 203 ], [ 208, 222 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Olić was born and raised in the village of Davor near Slavonski Brod, Croatia. He started playing football for the local club NK Marsonia in 1996, and spent two good seasons there, before he was acquired by German club Hertha BSC in 1998. He did not see much play there and returned to Marsonia the following year, where he earned promotion to the top flight after winning the Croatian Second League with his team.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 7609087, 149285, 11672762, 1136626, 1735495 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 43, 48 ], [ 54, 68 ], [ 126, 137 ], [ 219, 229 ], [ 377, 399 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "After another successful season at Marsonia, in the 2000–01 season, he scored 17 goals in 29 games – in 2001, he moved to NK Zagreb, where he scored 21 goals in 28 appearances and helped his team win the league. The following season, he moved to Dinamo Zagreb, where he scored 16 goals in 27 games, and became the best striker in the Croatian First League.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 1609836, 1510519, 34189153, 1510519 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 122, 131 ], [ 204, 210 ], [ 246, 259 ], [ 334, 355 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In 2003, Olić was acquired by CSKA Moscow. His form rose gradually, and in the 2005 season, he contributed with ten goals in twice as many games. With CSKA Moscow, he won the UEFA Cup in 2005, the Russian Premier League three times (in 2003, 2005 and 2006), the Russian Cup twice (in 2005 and 2006), and twice the Russian Super Cup (2004 and 2006).", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 861274, 232175, 4333582, 1167698, 2163345, 2666715 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 30, 41 ], [ 175, 183 ], [ 187, 191 ], [ 197, 219 ], [ 262, 273 ], [ 314, 331 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "After winning the UEFA Cup, Olić was awarded with the Order of Friendship by the Russian Federation.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 232175, 6995756, 25391 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 18, 26 ], [ 54, 73 ], [ 81, 99 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In January 2007, Olić moved to Hamburger SV, playing his first Bundesliga match with them against Energie Cottbus on 31 January. He was signed because Hamburg were in deep trouble, finishing in the relegation zone before the winter break. It worked out in the end, and Hamburg finished seventh, which even acquired them a UEFA Intertoto Cup place, which they eventually won. He scored two goals in the last match in the 2006–07 Bundesliga season against Alemannia Aachen in a 4–0 win. In October 2007, Olić scored a hat-trick in the Bundesliga match against VfB Stuttgart, which Hamburg won 4–1. He was the first player in the club's history to score three successive goals in one half.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 535879, 686142, 233023, 616358, 990769, 737608 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 31, 43 ], [ 63, 73 ], [ 98, 113 ], [ 322, 340 ], [ 454, 470 ], [ 558, 571 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Olić effectively won the 2008 Emirates Cup for Hamburg, with two injury time goals against Juventus, increasing the team's points tally to an unassailable level (due to the points-for-goals system). He endeared himself to Hamburg fans for his commitment and consistent work rate on the pitch. In his last game for the north German club, he sported a T-shirt with the words, \"Danke fans\" (\"Thank you, fans\") written on it, as he bid farewell to the fans.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 10965699, 16415 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 30, 42 ], [ 91, 99 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On 3 January 2009, Olić signed a three-year contract with Bundesliga rivals Bayern Munich. He joined the club on a free transfer on 1 July 2009. Initially, he was supposed to be back-up to the likes of Miroslav Klose and Mario Gómez, but due to injury and fitness issues, he began to be preferred as the club's first choice. On 8 August, his Bayern debut, he scored the opening goal against 1899 Hoffenheim in a 1–1 draw and soon became a favourite with the Bayern fans. He reached new heights upon scoring a crucial goal in the 2010 Champions League quarter-final (first leg) against Manchester United in injury time, to give Bayern a slender 2–1 lead. He also scored the first goal in the second leg for his team, but they trailed 3–1. The game ended 3–2. Bayern, however, won on away goals. He scored his first hat-trick for the Bavarians against Lyon, scoring with his left foot, right foot, and his head, in the Champions League semi-final second leg on 27 April 2010. The victory against Lyon secured his team a place in the final against Internazionale, which they eventually lost 2–0. On 3 April 2012, he scored a brace in a 2–0 win against Marseille in the 2011–12 UEFA Champions League quarter-finals. Olić played his final game for Bayern in the 2012 UEFA Champions League Final against Chelsea, in which he came on as a 97th-minute substitute for the injured Franck Ribéry. Bayern eventually lost the game in a penalty shootout when the game ended 1–1 after extra time. Olić missed the team's fourth penalty, as they lost the shootout 4–3.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 172326, 201840, 7445618, 4061834, 19961, 41532657, 979521, 411541, 14174175, 24300512, 14055447, 15116, 492068, 23672974, 21312110, 7473, 3002912 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 76, 89 ], [ 202, 216 ], [ 221, 232 ], [ 391, 406 ], [ 585, 602 ], [ 814, 823 ], [ 850, 854 ], [ 873, 908 ], [ 917, 933 ], [ 934, 955 ], [ 1031, 1036 ], [ 1045, 1059 ], [ 1149, 1158 ], [ 1166, 1195 ], [ 1257, 1289 ], [ 1298, 1305 ], [ 1371, 1384 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Olić signed for VfL Wolfsburg at the start of the 2012–13 season. He scored his first Bundesliga goal for Wolfsburg against Greuther Fürth, and he netted another one against Fortuna Düsseldorf. He started the season with a hat-trick against Schönberg 95 in the 2012–13 DFB-Pokal. He scored another goal in the quarter-final match of the DFB-Pokal against Kickers Offenbach on 26 February 2013, as Wolfsburg secured a spot in the semi-finals. He produced an \"acrobatic overhead kick\" to score the first of his two goals in a 5–2 win against SC Freiburg in March 2013. He finished the season as first-choice striker for the club, with 15 goals and 6 assists. On 24 April 2014, Olić signed a new two-year deal with the German side. In the opening match of the 2014–15 Bundesliga season, he scored a spectacular goal against his former club Bayern Munich. ", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 1136635, 34845601, 3245657, 1949688, 411541, 9817512, 35612425, 675126, 3241739, 1438835, 42427650 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 16, 29 ], [ 50, 64 ], [ 124, 138 ], [ 174, 192 ], [ 223, 232 ], [ 241, 253 ], [ 261, 278 ], [ 337, 346 ], [ 355, 372 ], [ 540, 551 ], [ 757, 775 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Olić returned to Hamburger SV on 30 January 2015 after signing an 18-month contract for an undisclosed fee. He was given kit number 8, but at the end of the 2014–15 season, Ivo Iličević changed his kit number from 11 to 7, prompting Olić to reclaim number 11, which he had worn previously at both Bayern and Wolfsburg, and also in his first spell at Hamburg.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 42427650, 6368645 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 157, 171 ], [ 173, 185 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On 26 July 2016, Olić signed a one-year deal with 2. Bundesliga side 1860 Munich.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 3475875, 1007441 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 50, 63 ], [ 69, 80 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On 25 June 2017, Olić announced his retirement. Later, he revoked that comment saying \"I know Bild published I am retiring, but that is not true. [...] Maybe I have played my last game and maybe not. It is the same as last summer – if I receive an offer that is good for me, I will continue.\"", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Olić was part of the Croatia national team at the 2002 FIFA World Cup, where he played in two games and scored one important goal against Italy in a 2–1 Croatia victory. Shortly after scoring, Olić revealed a picture of his newly born child at the time under his jersey. He was remembered as being unable to put his jersey back on, as the material became tangled in the excitement during his celebration. Olić also played three games for Croatia at UEFA Euro 2004 and two games at the 2006 World Cup.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 715240, 52622, 362466, 372770, 157233 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 21, 42 ], [ 50, 69 ], [ 138, 143 ], [ 449, 463 ], [ 485, 499 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In September 2006, Olić was dropped from the Croatian squad for a Euro 2008 qualifying match for one game, due to a late-night partying binge together with Darijo Srna and Boško Balaban. He was named man of the match in the very last qualifier of their group, in which Croatia defeated England 3–2 at Wembley Stadium. He was named in Croatia's 23-man squad for the final tournament, and scored in their second Group B match against Germany to give the Croats a 2–1 shock win over the pre-tournament favourites.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 2868934, 1447216, 3492946, 906698, 6885829, 9904, 8913012, 662351, 14524222, 250204 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 66, 86 ], [ 156, 167 ], [ 172, 185 ], [ 200, 216 ], [ 234, 243 ], [ 286, 293 ], [ 301, 316 ], [ 361, 381 ], [ 410, 417 ], [ 432, 439 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Olić was recalled to the side for the 2010 World Cup qualifiers. He contributed with three goals in eight games, but Croatia missed out on a play-off spot by a point. Olić was injured in a friendly match against Norway, which was the cause of his last-moment absence in Euro 2012. On 22 March 2013, Olić scored his first goal since November 2011 and assisted Mario Mandžukić in a qualifier for the 2014 World Cup against Serbia. In the opening game of the finals, on 12 June, his left-wing cross led to the first goal of the tournament, deflected into his own net by Marcelo of Brazil. In the second group game against Cameroon on 18 June, Olić opened the scoring in the 11th minute for an eventual 4–0 win. It was his first goal after 12 years in the World Cup, a difference only previously matched by Denmark's Michael Laudrup, and with this goal he became his country's oldest World Cup goal-scorer.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 14426695, 203277, 2182477, 11914827, 23995075, 656933, 1011001, 6858503, 149286, 1005798, 580173, 409595 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 38, 63 ], [ 212, 218 ], [ 270, 279 ], [ 359, 374 ], [ 378, 389 ], [ 398, 412 ], [ 421, 427 ], [ 567, 574 ], [ 578, 584 ], [ 619, 627 ], [ 803, 810 ], [ 813, 828 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On 16 November 2014, in a Euro 2016 qualifying match against Italy at the San Siro, Olić earned his 100th cap in a 1–1 draw. On 2 March 2016, Olić retired from international football in an open letter to the public. He scored 20 goals in 104 caps for his country.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 33338148, 223259 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 26, 46 ], [ 74, 82 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On 23 October 2017, Olić was presented as an assistant coach of newly appointed Croatia head coach Zlatko Dalić ahead of a World Cup qualifier against Greece.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Managerial career", "target_page_ids": [ 715240, 18986379, 47308678, 722668 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 80, 87 ], [ 99, 111 ], [ 123, 142 ], [ 151, 157 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In late March 2021, Sport-Express and Sportske novosti published a story about Olić succeeding Viktor Goncharenko at his former club CSKA Moscow. The rumours were confirmed by Croatia head coach Dalić to Sportske novosti. His assistant coaches were rumoured to be Miloš Krasić and Elvir Rahimić. The appointment was made official on 23 March 2021. The move was met with skepticism due to Olić's inexperience in the head coach job. Despite earlier rumours, Krasić and Rahimić were not hired as assistant coaches, instead Ilija Aračić was hired as an assistant coach, with previously hired Aleksei Berezutski and Dmitry Kramarenko rounding up the coaching staff. He made his debut on 4 April, in the 2–1 league victory over Tambov. After two more victories, Olić suffered his first defeat in his fourth match, 2–1 loss to Sochi on 18 April. On 25 April, he suffered his third defeat in a row after losing 1–0 to Spartak Moscow in his first Main Moscow derby, with CSKA's Ilzat Akhmetov getting sent off in the 37th minute. After losing 3–2 to Dynamo Moscow on 16 May, Olić finished the season in sixth place, with CSKA missing out on European competitions for the first time in 20 years. He was unexpectedly sacked on 15 June and succeeded by Berezutski, returning to Zlatko Dalić's team for the UEFA Euro 2020.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Managerial career", "target_page_ids": [ 5558043, 15967458, 19065332, 861274, 1380795, 2440163, 28753765, 6244194, 13085873, 63996968, 40202033, 57702303, 929190, 37251330, 44019298, 3090014, 968856, 64618318, 2026269, 35708276 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 20, 33 ], [ 38, 54 ], [ 95, 113 ], [ 133, 144 ], [ 264, 276 ], [ 281, 294 ], [ 520, 532 ], [ 588, 606 ], [ 611, 628 ], [ 702, 708 ], [ 722, 728 ], [ 820, 825 ], [ 910, 924 ], [ 938, 955 ], [ 969, 983 ], [ 992, 1000 ], [ 1041, 1054 ], [ 1084, 1090 ], [ 1132, 1153 ], [ 1294, 1308 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Olić and his Croatian-German wife Natalie have two sons and a daughter, named Luka, Antonio and Lara, respectively. Unlike many of his counterparts, he prefers to keep a low media profile and generally lives a quiet private life.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Personal life", "target_page_ids": [ 69801, 152735 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 13, 21 ], [ 22, 28 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Scores and results list Croatia's goal tally first.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Career statistics", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Hertha BSC II", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "NOFV-Oberliga: 1998–99", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 3568920, 30291013 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 13 ], [ 15, 22 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Marsonia", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Croatian Second League: 1999–2000", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 33299890, 26831380 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 22 ], [ 24, 33 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "NK Zagreb", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Croatian First League: 2001–02", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 1510519, 17573981 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 21 ], [ 23, 30 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Dinamo Zagreb", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Croatian First League: 2002–03", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 17573987 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 23, 30 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Croatian Super Cup: 2003", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 2341821 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 18 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "CSKA Moscow", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Russian Premier League: 2003, 2005, 2006", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 1167698, 30051346, 13031388, 12890188 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 22 ], [ 24, 28 ], [ 30, 34 ], [ 36, 40 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Russian Cup: 2004–05, 2005–06", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 2163345, 54407647, 60158954 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 11 ], [ 13, 20 ], [ 22, 29 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Russian Super Cup: 2004, 2006", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 2666715, 17424560, 17424439 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 17 ], [ 19, 23 ], [ 25, 29 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "UEFA Cup: 2004–05", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 232175, 4333582 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 8 ], [ 10, 17 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Hamburger SV", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "UEFA Intertoto Cup: 2007", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 616358, 9539055 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 18 ], [ 20, 24 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Bayern Munich", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Bundesliga: 2009–10", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 686142, 22133191 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 10 ], [ 12, 19 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "DFB-Pokal: 2009–10", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 675126, 22963847 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 9 ], [ 11, 18 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "DFL-Supercup: 2010", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 5791477, 28279007 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 12 ], [ 14, 18 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "UEFA Champions League runner-up: 2009–10, 2011–12", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 44220, 14174175, 23672974 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 21 ], [ 33, 40 ], [ 42, 49 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Individual", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Croatian Football Hope of the Year: 2001", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 31027630 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 34 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "SN Yellow Shirt Award: 2002, 2003", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 20503512 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 21 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Prva HNL Player of the Year: 2002", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 31670795 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 27 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Croatian First League top scorer: 2002, 2003", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Bundesliga Player of the Month: October 2007", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "ARD Goal of the Month: November 2008, March 2013", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 5210763 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 21 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "DFB Pokal Top scorer: 2008–09", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 51257702, 18265531 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 20 ], [ 22, 29 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Croatian Footballer of the Year: 2009, 2010", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 31027630 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 31 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Croatia", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "FIFA World Cup runner-up: 2018 ", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 11370, 13327177 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 14 ], [ 26, 30 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Order of Friendship by Russia: 2005", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 6995756 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 19 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Order of Danica Hrvatska with face of Franjo Bučar: 2018", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 27546606 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 50 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Order of the Croatian Trefoil: 2018", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 27546608 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 29 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Order of the Croatian Interlace: 2018", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 27546610 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 31 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " List of footballers with 100 or more caps", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 10205078 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 42 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Profile on Soccerphile.com", "section_idx": 10, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "1979_births", "Living_people", "People_from_Davor,_Croatia", "Association_football_forwards", "Croatian_footballers", "Croatian_expatriate_footballers", "Croatia_youth_international_footballers", "Croatia_under-21_international_footballers", "Croatia_international_footballers", "Croatian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Germany", "Croatian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Russia", "NK_Marsonia_players", "Hertha_BSC_players", "NK_Zagreb_players", "GNK_Dinamo_Zagreb_players", "PFC_CSKA_Moscow_players", "UEFA_Cup_winning_players", "Hamburger_SV_players", "FC_Bayern_Munich_footballers", "VfL_Wolfsburg_players", "TSV_1860_Munich_players", "Croatian_Football_League_players", "First_Football_League_(Croatia)_players", "Second_Football_League_(Croatia)_players", "Russian_Premier_League_players", "Bundesliga_players", "2._Bundesliga_players", "Expatriate_footballers_in_Germany", "Expatriate_footballers_in_Russia", "2002_FIFA_World_Cup_players", "2006_FIFA_World_Cup_players", "2014_FIFA_World_Cup_players", "UEFA_Euro_2004_players", "UEFA_Euro_2008_players", "FIFA_Century_Club", "Croatian_football_managers", "PFC_CSKA_Moscow_managers", "Russian_Premier_League_managers", "Croatian_expatriate_football_managers", "Expatriate_football_managers_in_Russia" ]

[ "Ivica Olic" ]

[ { "plaintext": "Frank Shamrock (born Frank Alisio Juarez III; December 8, 1972) is an American former professional mixed martial artist. Shamrock was the first to hold the UFC Middleweight Championship (later renamed the UFC Light Heavyweight Championship) and retired a four-time defending undefeated champion. Shamrock was the No. 1 ranked pound for pound UFC fighter in the world during his reign as the UFC Middleweight Champion. Shamrock has won numerous titles in other martial arts organizations, including the interim King of Pancrase title, the WEC Light Heavyweight Championship and the Strikeforce Middleweight Championship. Shamrock is widely regarded as one of the greatest mixed martial artists of all time, as well as one of the first complete mixed martial artists, adapting his game from a grounded style of fighting to a more complete, well-rounded, and versatile style that included always improving striking to go along with his skilled ground game.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 228344, 2430098, 2430098, 900244, 9626409, 9479636, 21450688 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 99, 119 ], [ 156, 185 ], [ 205, 239 ], [ 326, 341 ], [ 510, 526 ], [ 538, 572 ], [ 581, 618 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "He was named \"Fighter of the Decade\" for the 1990s by the Wrestling Observer, \"Best Full Contact Fighter\" by Black Belt magazine (1998), and three time \"Fighter of the Year\" by Full Contact Fighter Magazine. He is a Seventh degree black belt in submission fighting, awarded by O-Sensei Philip S. Porter of the United States Martial Arts Association. He is the adopted brother of Ken Shamrock.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 2776725, 3760297, 8243918, 690231 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 58, 76 ], [ 109, 128 ], [ 286, 302 ], [ 379, 391 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "An author, entrepreneur, philanthropist and social activist, he also was a color commentator for Showtime Networks, Bellator MMA, Glory Kickboxing and Combate America's. Frank has been a brand spokesman for Strikeforce, VAS, UFC, and K-1 MMA and has advised on over 4.5 billion dollars in assets.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 39766702, 1260585, 4063166, 21164944, 31955200, 47682139, 5108051, 169660, 603828 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 44, 59 ], [ 75, 92 ], [ 97, 114 ], [ 116, 128 ], [ 130, 146 ], [ 151, 168 ], [ 207, 218 ], [ 225, 228 ], [ 234, 237 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "After retiring from MMA competition Shamrock retired in Southern California close to his place of birth and extended family.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 228344, 62520 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 20, 23 ], [ 56, 75 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Born into a Mexican-Native family, Frank Juarez was placed in various foster homes, group homes, and crisis centers from the age of twelve onwards. He had many run-ins with law enforcement until eventually he went to live with Bob Shamrock, who with his wife Dede, had taken in thousands of troubled boys (including Frank's older adoptive brother Ken). Juarez went to live with Shamrock at his home in Susanville, California, and was officially adopted by Bob Shamrock at the age of 21, and legally changed his name from Juarez to Shamrock thereafter.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Early life", "target_page_ids": [ 220841, 21217, 690231, 107591 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 12, 19 ], [ 20, 26 ], [ 347, 350 ], [ 402, 424 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In the early 1990s, Shamrock served three-and-a-half years in the Folsom State Prison after being convicted of burglary.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Early life", "target_page_ids": [ 316860, 170717 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 66, 85 ], [ 111, 119 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In 1994 Ken began to train Frank in what they referred to as \"submission fighting\", which essentially was the Pancrase style of catch wrestling modified for No Holds Barred fighting. Frank accompanied his brother to bouts in the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) and grew to love the sport. He became a member of Ken's training school, the Lion's Den, and made his mixed martial arts debut in the Pancrase organization in Japan.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Mixed martial arts career", "target_page_ids": [ 728470, 3459779, 6038601 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 62, 81 ], [ 128, 143 ], [ 343, 353 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Shamrock debuted as a fighter in Pancrase on December 16, 1994 in one of the biggest events in mixed martial arts history to date, the King of Pancrase Tournament. He was an important underdog against top Pancrase fighter Bas Rutten but went on to defeat Rutten in a close decision victory. Shamrock faced off against expert grappler and eventual tournament finalist Manabu Yamada later that night, but was defeated via submission at 8:38 of round 1.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Mixed martial arts career", "target_page_ids": [ 30396795, 1852133, 18337310 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 135, 162 ], [ 222, 232 ], [ 367, 380 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In 1995, Shamrock would get a win over Katsuomi Inagaki, but he faced next his own trainer, MMA legend and Pancrase co-founder Masakatsu Funaki, who defeated him. He would bounce back with a victory over the other founder of the promotion, Minoru Suzuki, getting a KO after a flurry of strikes.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Mixed martial arts career", "target_page_ids": [ 3214117, 3519133 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 127, 143 ], [ 240, 253 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The same year, Frank would also fight a controversial bout with Carlson Gracie BJJ black belt Allan Goes. The Brazilian illegally eye-gouged Shamrock while on his back without the referee noticing, and also refused to release a rear naked choke despite Shamrock using a rope escape, an action which finally gained him a yellow card. On the other hand, Frank retaliated by breaking his leg with a heel hook. Both fighters ended the match with a point lost, and it was ruled a draw despite Goes's penalization.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Mixed martial arts career", "target_page_ids": [ 3921984, 25061050, 10222822, 3523296, 2496956, 2877341 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 64, 78 ], [ 79, 93 ], [ 94, 104 ], [ 130, 139 ], [ 228, 244 ], [ 396, 405 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Shortly after, Shamrock faced Bas Rutten for a second time. He failed to execute his gameplan of taking down Rutten, and the two fell between the ring ropes to the floor in a specially hard-fought attempt. Shamrock then devised a new strategy and started mocking and taunting Rutten during a leglock exchange, in order to get the Dutch fighter angry enough to commit an infraction. The plan was successful, and Frank won a point when Rutten gained a yellow card for hitting him with a closed fist, but Shamrock still lost the match by decision.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Mixed martial arts career", "target_page_ids": [ 1852133 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 30, 40 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On November, Shamrock fought Funaki in a rematch. This time the two fighters traded rope escapes, and Frank caught Funaki in a toehold which made him tap out. Shamrock, however, believes that Funaki took a dive and allowed himself to be defeated in order to build Frank's popularity.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Mixed martial arts career", "target_page_ids": [ 678924 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 199, 210 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "After an injury prevented King of Pancrase Bas Rutten from defending his title, an interim championship was created. Shamrock faced Olympic alternate wrestler and master submission grappler Minoru Suzuki on January 28, 1996 for the vacant belt in a match that drew widespread anticipation. In an epic bout, Shamrock submitted Suzuki with a kneebar at the 22:53 mark of the fight to win the King of Pancrase interim title in front of a sellout crowd in Yokohama.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Mixed martial arts career", "target_page_ids": [ 9626409, 3519133, 80313 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 26, 42 ], [ 190, 203 ], [ 452, 460 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Shamrock scored decision wins over Ryushu Yanagisawa and Osami Shibuya before facing off against Bas Rutten for the third time for the undisputed King of Pancrase title. Rutten won the bout via TKO due to a cut stoppage when a tired Shamrock received a knee to the forehead in a takedown attempt.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Mixed martial arts career", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Shamrock then avenged his loss to Manabu Yamada in his next bout, scoring an impressive submission win over the talented grappler. However, after his adopted brother Ken left the organization following a dispute with management, Frank was fired in retaliation.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Mixed martial arts career", "target_page_ids": [ 18337310 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 34, 47 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On January 17, 1997, he lost to John Lober in Hawaii's Superbrawl by split decision. Despite dominating the first three minutes of the fight, including a leglock which broke Lober's ankle and some strikes which blew out his front teeth, Shamrock's lack of cardio became a factor, and Lober was able to come back and punish him until winning the decision. After his loss, Shamrock shifted the focus of his career exclusively to mixed martial arts. Shamrock then fought top ranked Japanese fighter Tsuyoshi Kohsaka in RINGS and defeated Kohsaka by decision.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Mixed martial arts career", "target_page_ids": [ 17446729, 3175524, 1841840 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 32, 42 ], [ 496, 512 ], [ 516, 521 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Within the Lion's Den, Shamrock trained up-and-coming stars such as Jerry Bohlander, Pete Williams, and Guy Mezger. However, after a falling out with the team's management, he left and formed The Alliance team with Maurice Smith, who he developed a close relationship with. Smith trained him kickboxing along with Javier Mendez, while Shamrock taught Smith his style of submission wrestling. Later, Tsuyoshi Kohsaka himself joined the team.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Mixed martial arts career", "target_page_ids": [ 6038601, 11830815, 9501164, 3330122, 3030817, 16748, 728470 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 11, 21 ], [ 68, 83 ], [ 85, 98 ], [ 104, 114 ], [ 215, 228 ], [ 292, 302 ], [ 370, 390 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Cornered by The Alliance, Shamrock fought Enson Inoue in a bout in Vale Tudo Japan '97 that would determine who would fight Kevin Jackson for the newly created UFC Middleweight Championship. After an exciting back and forth battle, in which Shamrock's training proved instrumental to resist the punishment and the exhaustion, Frank knocked Inoue out with a knee, although the match was officially ruled as a disqualification win due to Enson's brother, Egan, running into the ring after Shamrock had knocked out Inoue. Shamrock later stated that this was the toughest fight in his career.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Mixed martial arts career", "target_page_ids": [ 2980559, 4647871, 10880533 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 42, 53 ], [ 67, 86 ], [ 124, 137 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "After the win over Inoue, Shamrock joined the UFC and fought Kevin Jackson for the newly created UFC Middleweight Championship (later renamed the UFC Light Heavyweight Championship). Jackson had won the middleweight tournament at UFC 14 and was undefeated in MMA at the time, and was also the Olympic gold medalist in freestyle wrestling for the 1992 Summer Olympics. Despite being a heavy underdog, Shamrock armbarred Jackson in just 16 seconds to win the championship.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Mixed martial arts career", "target_page_ids": [ 10880533, 2430098, 2430098, 6107314, 1170065 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 61, 74 ], [ 97, 126 ], [ 146, 180 ], [ 230, 236 ], [ 390, 398 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Shamrock then made his first title defense against then undefeated Extreme Fighting champion Russian Igor Zinoviev at UFC 16. Zinoviev was a feared Russian kickboxer and sambo specialist who held wins over Mario Sperry and Enson Inoue. Shamrock shot a double leg takedown and slammed Zinoviev down so hard that it knocked him unconscious. Zinoviev suffered a broken collarbone and a fractured C-5 vertebra from the slam and had to be carried out on a stretcher. Zinoviev's fight with Shamrock forced him to retire permanently from mixed martial arts ending the Russian's career. Shamrock then defended his belt against Jeremy Horn at UFC 17, submitting him with a kneebar. In October 1998, Shamrock avenged his earlier loss to John Lober by beating him decisively in 7 minutes at UFC Brazil.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Mixed martial arts career", "target_page_ids": [ 6124813, 1131186, 2980559, 2458351, 6196991, 2877341, 17446729, 6226790 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 118, 124 ], [ 206, 218 ], [ 223, 234 ], [ 619, 630 ], [ 634, 640 ], [ 664, 671 ], [ 727, 737 ], [ 780, 790 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In September 1999, Shamrock defended the UFC Middleweight Championship against future UFC Light Heavyweight Champion Tito Ortiz at UFC 22. Ortiz had exploded as a star after his confrontation with Shamrock's brother Ken and his Lion's Den camp at UFC 19. The bout was hyped as a grudge, as Shamrock was a former Lion's Den member who, according to the marketing, was out for revenge against Ortiz. However, this was not necessarily the case because Shamrock had left the Lion's Den on bad terms a year and a half earlier. Despite dominating his opponents in his previous title defenses, Shamrock was considered to be an underdog in this fight; Ortiz had come off convincing wins over Shamrock's former teammates Jerry Bohlander and Guy Mezger and popular opinion was that Ortiz was too big and strong for him to deal with (Ortiz cut weight to fight and by the time he stepped into the cage he would have on Shamrock).", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Mixed martial arts career", "target_page_ids": [ 169662, 6242502, 690231, 6038601, 6240066, 11830815, 3330122 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 117, 127 ], [ 131, 137 ], [ 216, 219 ], [ 228, 238 ], [ 247, 253 ], [ 712, 727 ], [ 732, 742 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "However, in what is widely considered to be one of the greatest fights in UFC history, Shamrock won after brutal elbows, punches, and hammer blows forced Ortiz to tap out at the end of round 4. Shamrock has stated that Ortiz was his toughest opponent physically due to his weight advantage and style of fighting. With this win, Shamrock solidified himself as perhaps the greatest UFC champion in history to that date, going 5–0 in title fights and finishing each fight decisively. After the win, UFC owner Bob Meyrowitz and announcer Jeff Blatnick both praised Shamrock as the greatest competitor in the history of the UFC.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Mixed martial arts career", "target_page_ids": [ 15219209, 3465495 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 506, 519 ], [ 534, 547 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Shamrock then relinquished his title and retired from the UFC. After retiring, he briefly acted as a consultant and commentator for the company. In an interview, UFC president Dana White said:", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Mixed martial arts career", "target_page_ids": [ 2230601 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 176, 186 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "I've talked to Frank Shamrock many times. Frank Shamrock will lead you to believe that we've never talked and we completely have hated each other forever and everything else. He's a weird guy. He's a very, very weird guy. I can't explain it. Frank is a weird guy.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Mixed martial arts career", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "After a brief retirement, Shamrock returned to mixed martial arts as a career. He signed a deal to fight Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu standout Elvis Sinosic at K-1, the premiere kickboxing event in the world. Shamrock beat Sinosic via unanimous decision after five three-minute rounds. Later, when Sinosic faced Tito Ortiz for the UFC light-heavyweight title (formerly the middleweight title) at UFC 32, Shamrock served as guest commentator. On August 11, 2001, he took on his former student, Shannon Ritch in a kickboxing match for K-1. Just 56 seconds into the first round, Shamrock broke Ritch's arm with a roundhouse kick and thereby won the match.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Mixed martial arts career", "target_page_ids": [ 228344, 207083, 9490587, 603828, 16748, 169662, 169660, 6271080, 6270289, 6533285, 21323252, 603828, 3434868 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 47, 65 ], [ 105, 124 ], [ 134, 147 ], [ 151, 154 ], [ 169, 179 ], [ 303, 313 ], [ 322, 325 ], [ 326, 343 ], [ 364, 376 ], [ 387, 393 ], [ 484, 497 ], [ 524, 527 ], [ 601, 616 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Shamrock helped to train UFC veteran B.J. Penn for his early bouts with the UFC at the American Kickboxing Academy and produced his own events Bushido and ShootBox. His first MMA match since 1999 was winning the WEC light-heavyweight championship in under two minutes from Bryan Pardoe by submission in March 2003.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Mixed martial arts career", "target_page_ids": [ 1328244, 5190098, 65734, 228344, 6250151 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 37, 46 ], [ 87, 114 ], [ 143, 150 ], [ 175, 178 ], [ 212, 215 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On March 10, 2006, at Strikeforce: Shamrock vs. Gracie, the first MMA event sanctioned by the state of California, he knocked out Cesar Gracie in 21 seconds. Gracie had never fought an MMA match and was 40 years old, so the fight was considered a serious mismatch. However, Gracie is an elite Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu instructor with years of training under his belt as well being the mentor of students such as the Diaz brothers, Nate and Nick.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Mixed martial arts career", "target_page_ids": [ 10076461, 3848862 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 426, 430 ], [ 435, 439 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On September 14, 2006, it was announced that Shamrock had signed a multimillion-dollar contract with startup MMA organization \"The World Fighter\" and was scheduled to fight in January 2007. However, Shamrock told Sherdog that the World Fighter contract no longer applied because it was entirely contingent on the organization getting a television contract with Showtime; the cable network instead agreed to air fights for the EliteXC promotion.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Mixed martial arts career", "target_page_ids": [ 5582440, 8810073 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 213, 220 ], [ 426, 433 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On February 10, 2007, Shamrock lost his fight by disqualification to Renzo Gracie during the EliteXC event which was televised on Showtime. During the fight, Gracie repeatedly took Frank to the ground, but Shamrock kept active by stopping his positional advance and hitting knee strikes from the bottom. However, Shamrock delivered two of those knees to Gracie's head while both men were on the ground, and after a five-minute injury time out, Gracie was unable to continue. Referee Herb Dean disqualified Shamrock due to a foul (illegal strikes to the back of the head, and knees to the head of a grounded opponent). Dean had already warned Shamrock once earlier in the fight about striking to the back of the head—an illegal move under the Unified Rules of Mixed Martial Arts.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Mixed martial arts career", "target_page_ids": [ 1423327, 77877, 8542143 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 69, 81 ], [ 130, 138 ], [ 742, 777 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In December 2005, Shamrock opened his first school, Shamrock Martial Arts Academy in San Jose, California. Shamrock trains his students in kickboxing and submission wrestling. He managed Team Shamrock, his own fight team. In June 2006, Shamrock was chosen as a coach for the San Jose Razorclaws of the International Fight League. Debuting against Carlos Newton's Toronto Dragons on September 23, 2006 at the Mark in Moline, Illinois, The Dragons won 3–2. The Razorclaws subsequently lost 2–3 against the Ken Shamrock coached Nevada Lions on January 19, 2007.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Mixed martial arts career", "target_page_ids": [ 4923658, 4923658, 2980399, 4923658, 690231, 8781700 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 275, 294 ], [ 302, 328 ], [ 347, 360 ], [ 363, 378 ], [ 504, 516 ], [ 525, 537 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Shamrock and Phil Baroni had engaged in a war of words with YouTube videos following Shamrock's fight with Renzo Gracie. The two faced off at Shamrock vs. Baroni, a co-promotion between EliteXC and Strikeforce on June 22, 2007, on pay-per-view.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Mixed martial arts career", "target_page_ids": [ 2904549, 1423327, 8810073, 5108051 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 13, 24 ], [ 107, 119 ], [ 187, 194 ], [ 199, 210 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Shamrock went on to out-strike Baroni in the first part of this fight in the stand-up. Shamrock was docked a point for using strikes to the back of the head while he had Baroni's back. In the second round, Shamrock took some strikes from Baroni, but he was able to regain control and drop Baroni, transition to his back and end the fight with a rear naked choke. Baroni refused to tap out and was choked unconscious. As soon as he regained his senses, he walked over to Shamrock, congratulated him and left the cage. By winning the match, Shamrock became the Strikeforce Middleweight Champion, thereby making him the first person to win a title in all three major North American fight promotions: the UFC, WEC and Strikeforce.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Mixed martial arts career", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "On January 11, 2008, it was announced that Shamrock would face Cung Le in a match on March 29, 2008 for the Strikeforce Middleweight Championship during the joint Strike force-Elite XC event at the HP Pavilion in San Jose, California. Le arguably controlled the fight, at times out-striking the more MMA-experienced Shamrock. At one point in the later stages of round 3 Shamrock appeared to have Le hurt but was unable to finish him with a barrage of punches against the cage. Le recovered and responded in the closing seconds of the round with more kicks and a spinning back fist. Shamrock was unable to answer the bell to begin round 4 due to a broken arm caused by one of Le's kicks and the fight was ruled a TKO as a result of corner stoppage. Shamrock indicated post-fight that these kicks had broken his right arm.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Mixed martial arts career", "target_page_ids": [ 1146335 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 63, 70 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Frank publicly stated that he would like to face Ken Shamrock in the first quarter of 2009, until stating in an interview \"there's no point in fighting Ken, he's finished, why beat on an old man?\" causing the likelihood of this fight to now be very slim.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Mixed martial arts career", "target_page_ids": [ 690231 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 49, 61 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Afterwards, he said that he would like to fight Tito Ortiz and then Cung Le and then \"do some boxing stuff.\"", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Mixed martial arts career", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "On April 11, 2009, Shamrock was defeated by Nick Diaz by technical knock out.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Mixed martial arts career", "target_page_ids": [ 3848862 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 44, 53 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Shamrock announced his retirement from fighting on June 26, 2010 at Fedor vs. Werdum.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Mixed martial arts career", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "On February 5, 2013, Shamrock signed with Bellator to coach on the promotions reality series titled Bellator MMA.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Mixed martial arts career", "target_page_ids": [ 21164944 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 42, 50 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On October 15, 2017, Shamrock fought Pride veteran Kazushi Sakuraba in a grappling exhibition match at the 2017 Rizin World Grand Prix Opening Round in Fukuoka, Japan. The match ended with a draw decision.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Submission grappling", "target_page_ids": [ 397559, 1330308, 48651959, 61744 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 37, 42 ], [ 51, 67 ], [ 112, 117 ], [ 152, 159 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Shamrock became known as a training pioneer, constantly seeking new influences to round up his game. Most of his fighting method rested in Pancrase's indigenous style of shoot wrestling (better known in the West as catch wrestling), but he later also learned orthodox kickboxing striking under Maurice Smith, who also taught him to improve his cardiovascular conditioning and natural athleticism. He also studied Jeet Kune Do before his UFC debut. Shamrock's improved cardio, along with an excellent defensive guard work learned from Tsuyoshi Kohsaka, enabled him to survive against superior opponents in order to seek for openings, which he capitalized on with aggressive strikes and submissions. Though not the first one in history, he was considered one of the greatest earlier mixed martial artists, excelling in all the fields of the game.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Fighting style", "target_page_ids": [ 1664208, 3459779, 16748, 55351, 1283011 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 170, 185 ], [ 215, 230 ], [ 268, 278 ], [ 413, 425 ], [ 510, 515 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Shamrock was married to a woman named Amy Warren until their separation and subsequent divorce in 2019. Together they have one child, a daughter named Nicolette who was born on April 24, 2008. Shamrock also has a son named Frankie from a previous marriage. Shamrock runs a franchise of schools, a merchandising company, Frank Shamrock, Inc. (a personal asset management company), MMA Entertainment, and Mixed Martial Arts For Law Enforcement (a law enforcement training business).", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Personal life", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "In 1998, Shamrock had a falling out with his brother Ken and his father Bob; they would not communicate again until Bob became terminally ill years later. In separate interviews aired January 18, 2007 by Sherdog.com's Beatdown radio show, both Frank and Ken said they remain estranged - Frank claimed Ken has spurned all attempts at reconciliation; Ken accused Frank of treating their father poorly. As seen on Frank's Spike TV documentary, Bound by Blood, he and Ken have reconciled. On January 14, 2010, Bob Shamrock died due to health complications from diabetes.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Personal life", "target_page_ids": [ 250480 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 419, 427 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In an interview with Sam Caplan of sportsline.com, Shamrock revealed he felt concerned with Ken's training methods, and when he confronted Ken, he was told \"You don't have what it takes, you're not going to be a world champion and I want you to run my gyms for the rest of your life.\" This spurred him on to leave which led to the estrangement of both Ken and Bob (who took Ken's side in the disagreement).", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Personal life", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "He also stated that he would be happy to fight against Ken, should the opportunity arise. ", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Personal life", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Shamrock is a commentator and fighter on the EA Sports MMA video game which was released in 2010. Shamrock is also featured in the award-winning documentary on the sport of mixed martial arts titled Fight Life, released in 2013. The film is directed by James Z. Feng and produced by RiLL Films.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Personal life", "target_page_ids": [ 23223255, 31500369 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 45, 69 ], [ 200, 210 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Shamrock landed a guest role as Hammer on Walker, Texas Ranger and the main role in a Burger King commercial. He was featured as Damien in the 2005 movie No Rules and was uncredited in an episode of Oz. On November 18, 2010, Shamrock appeared as a guest on Late Night with Jimmy Fallon.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Personal life", "target_page_ids": [ 391455, 165296, 106362, 17108989 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 42, 62 ], [ 86, 97 ], [ 199, 201 ], [ 258, 286 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In October 2012, Shamrock released his autobiography Uncaged: My Life as a Champion MMA Fighter. Shamrock also wrote the Wiley book Mixed Martial Arts for Dummies.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Personal life", "target_page_ids": [ 537930 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 122, 127 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Shamrock is an advocate for the use of cannabis, which he says helped eliminate his reliance on pharmaceutical drugs. In January 2017 Shamrock launched The Bakeout, an online talk show seeking to \"uplift, unite, educate, challenge, and encourage viewers in a manner consistent with the teachings of the healing powers of cannabis\".", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Personal life", "target_page_ids": [ 1481886 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 39, 47 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On January 14, 2018, sports announcer Mauro Ranallo stated that Shamrock saved his life when Shamrock performed the Heimlich maneuver on Ranallo as he was choking.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Personal life", "target_page_ids": [ 9509964, 166840 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 38, 51 ], [ 116, 133 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Pancrase Hybrid Wrestling", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Championships and accomplishments", "target_page_ids": [ 758041 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 25 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Interim King of Pancrase (One time)", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Championships and accomplishments", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": 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align=center| 1–0", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Mixed martial arts record", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "| Bas Rutten", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Mixed martial arts record", "target_page_ids": [ 1852133 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 2, 12 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "| Decision (majority) ", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Mixed martial arts record", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "| align=center| 1", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Mixed martial arts record", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "| align=center| 10:00", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Mixed martial arts record", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "|", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Mixed martial arts record", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "|- bgcolor=\"#CCFFCC\"", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Kickboxing record", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "|2001-08-11 || Win ||align=left| Shannon Ritch ||K-1 World Grand Prix 2001 in Las Vegas ||Las Vegas, Nevada, United States || TKO (injury) || 1 || 0:53 || 1–0", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Kickboxing record", "target_page_ids": [ 21323252, 6078073, 47737 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 34, 47 ], [ 50, 88 ], [ 91, 108 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "|-", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Kickboxing record", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "| colspan=9 | Legend: ", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "Kickboxing record", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "KO PUNCHES", "section_idx": 9, "section_name": "Submission grappling record", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "|- style=\"text-align:center; background:#f0f0f0;\"", "section_idx": 9, "section_name": "Submission grappling record", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "| style=\"border-style:none none solid solid; \"|Result", "section_idx": 9, "section_name": "Submission grappling record", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "| style=\"border-style:none none solid solid; \"|Opponent", "section_idx": 9, "section_name": "Submission grappling record", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "| style=\"border-style:none none solid solid; \"|Method", "section_idx": 9, "section_name": "Submission grappling record", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "| style=\"border-style:none none solid solid; \"|Event", "section_idx": 9, "section_name": "Submission grappling record", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "| style=\"border-style:none none solid solid; \"|Date", "section_idx": 9, "section_name": "Submission grappling record", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "| style=\"border-style:none none solid solid; \"|Round", "section_idx": 9, "section_name": "Submission grappling record", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "| style=\"border-style:none none solid solid; \"|Time", "section_idx": 9, "section_name": "Submission grappling record", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "| style=\"border-style:none none solid solid; \"|Notes", "section_idx": 9, "section_name": "Submission grappling record", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "|-", "section_idx": 9, "section_name": "Submission grappling record", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "|Draw|| Kazushi Sakuraba || Draw ||Rizin World Grand Prix 2017: Opening Round - Part 2|| October 15, 2017|| 1 || 0:56 ||", "section_idx": 9, "section_name": "Submission grappling record", "target_page_ids": [ 1330308 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 8, 24 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "|-", "section_idx": 9, "section_name": "Submission grappling record", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "|Win|| Dan Henderson || Submission (heel hook) ||The Contenders || October 11, 1997|| || ||", "section_idx": 9, "section_name": "Submission grappling record", "target_page_ids": [ 2982039 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 7, 20 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "|-", "section_idx": 9, "section_name": "Submission grappling record", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Frank Shamrock Martial Arts Academy", "section_idx": 11, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Five Ounces of Pain: Interview with Frank Shamrock", "section_idx": 11, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Frank's Interview with John Kline of Elevation Radio", "section_idx": 11, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "Living_people", "1972_births", "American_male_mixed_martial_artists", "American_male_kickboxers", "American_catch_wrestlers", "American_adoptees", "American_mixed_martial_artists_of_Mexican_descent", "Ultimate_Fighting_Championship_male_fighters", "Ultimate_Fighting_Championship_champions", "Strikeforce_(mixed_martial_arts)_champions", "World_Extreme_Cagefighting_champions", "Kickboxers_from_California", "Mixed_martial_artists_from_California", "Middleweight_mixed_martial_artists", "Mixed_martial_artists_utilizing_catch_wrestling", "Mixed_martial_artists_utilizing_Jeet_Kune_Do", "American_cannabis_activists" ]

[ "Frank Alisio Juarez, III" ]

[ { "plaintext": "Ivan Klasnić (; born 29 January 1980) is a Croatian former professional footballer who played as a striker.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 10568, 428681 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 72, 82 ], [ 99, 106 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "He began his career with local side FC St. Pauli, and moved to Werder Bremen in 2001 after helping his previous team to promotion to the Bundesliga. He scored 49 league goals in 151 appearances with Werder Bremen, winning a league and cup double in 2004. After a season in France with Nantes, he moved to English Premier League team Bolton Wanderers in 2009, initially on loan. After their relegation in 2012, he spent a season back in Germany with Mainz.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 881244, 7598082, 1135276, 11250, 298601 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 36, 48 ], [ 63, 76 ], [ 285, 291 ], [ 313, 327 ], [ 333, 349 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Klasnić played also for the Croatia national team. In 2007, Klasnić underwent a kidney transplant, and became the first player to participate in a major tournament (UEFA Euro 2008) after a transplant. He also represented Croatia at UEFA Euro 2004 and the 2006 FIFA World Cup.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 715240, 662351, 372770, 157233 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 28, 49 ], [ 165, 179 ], [ 232, 246 ], [ 255, 274 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Born in Hamburg, West Germany, Klasnić started his professional career with local side FC St. Pauli, and impressed as a striker in the three-and-a-half seasons that he played for the club in the 2. Bundesliga since becoming a professional in January 1998. Prior to his spell at St. Pauli, he played for less known amateur sides Union 03 Hamburg and TSV Stellingen.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 13467, 33166, 881244, 428681, 3475875 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 8, 15 ], [ 17, 29 ], [ 87, 99 ], [ 120, 127 ], [ 195, 208 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "After helping St. Pauli to gain promotion to the first division with 10 goals scored for the club in the second division during the 2000–01 season, he made the switch to Werder Bremen in the summer of 2001 and finally made his mark in the first team in 2003 with some powerful performances in the Bundesliga. His first two seasons at the club had been marked by erratic form (he scored only three goals in 36 Bundesliga appearances) and two serious knee injuries, but he laid old ghosts to rest as he emerged a key figure in Werder Bremen's march to the Bundesliga title in the 2003–04 season, when he also won the DFB-Pokal with the club. He scored 13 goals and made another 11 for his Brazilian strike partner Ailton. His expiring contract caused a scramble for his signature at the beginning of the year before he eventually decided to stay at Bremen.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 7598082, 686142, 675126, 3762368 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 170, 183 ], [ 297, 307 ], [ 615, 624 ], [ 712, 718 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Participating in the 2004–05 UEFA Champions League season, Klasnić scored five goals in the two group matches against Belgian side RSC Anderlecht, including a hat-trick in the 5–1 home victory for Werder Bremen, helping the team to advance to the first knock-out stage of the competition before losing to strong French side Lyon, who crushed them 10–2 on aggregate.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 2834108, 26584259, 411541, 979521 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 21, 50 ], [ 131, 145 ], [ 159, 168 ], [ 324, 328 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "His start in the 2006–07 season was not very successful either and he had to make seven Bundesliga appearances before finally scoring his first league goal of the season in Werder Bremen's quite disappointing 1–1 draw against underdogs Energie Cottbus at home. However, Klasnić suffered a kidney failure in early 2007 (see Illness and kidney transplant) and was out for more than ten months. In April 2008 he claimed that Werder's club physicians could have already detected the illness in 2002 and thus sued them in Landgericht Bremen. He also stated that he would not prolong his expiring contract with Werder since it would mean to be treated by the same medical personnel who had not detected his illness in time.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 233023 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 236, 251 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On 14 May 2008, Werder Bremen confirmed that Klasnić was leaving the club.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "On 8 July 2008, Klasnić moved to FC Nantes where he was loaned, then he signed a four-year contract. After one very difficult season with just six goals in 28 games for him, Nantes was relegated in French Ligue 2. The next season, he scored four goals in just five games.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 1135276, 1082961 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 33, 42 ], [ 205, 212 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Klasnić signed for Bolton Wanderers on transfer deadline day of the 2009–10 season on a year-long loan deal, becoming Gary Megson's last signing for the club.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 1054461 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 118, 129 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "\"Ivan is a player who we have been tracking for quite a while. His goalscoring record is very good and he has an excellent pedigree at international level with Croatia and domestically in Europe.\" – Gary Megson.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "On 12 September 2009, Klasnić made his debut for Bolton in their 3–2 win over Portsmouth after coming on as a substitute for Sam Ricketts. One of his first contributions was to be involved in the move which led to the winning goal by Gary Cahill. His first goal for the club came in the 3–2 win against Everton on 25 October. He finished the season with eight Premier League goals.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 564301, 1493257, 2798180, 91155, 11250 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 78, 88 ], [ 125, 137 ], [ 234, 245 ], [ 303, 310 ], [ 360, 374 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On 4 August 2010, Klasnić signed permanently for Bolton on a two-year contract following his loan spell with the club. and scored the first goal of his second spell in the 1–0 League Cup victory at Southampton on 24 August. His first Premier league goal after signing permanently was the winner in the 2–1 home win against Stoke City, although he was also sent off in the match. Klasnić scored a late winner against Aston Villa on 5 March 2011. In May 2011, Klasnić scored a late goal after coming on as a substitute against Sunderland to make the score 1–1, only for Sunderland to grab a winner in stoppage time. Klasnić did not start a single Premier League game the whole season, but still managed seven goals in all competitions.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 144982, 81576, 203434, 184474 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 176, 186 ], [ 198, 209 ], [ 323, 333 ], [ 525, 535 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Klasnić began the 2011–12 season with a place in the starting line up, and a goal, as Bolton beat Queens Park Rangers 4–0 on the opening day. He followed this up with another goal the following week in a 3–2 defeat to Manchester City, and a late consolation in a 3–1 away loss to Liverpool. At this point of the season he was the Premier League's leading goalscorer. He was sent off in a 2–1 loss against Norwich for a headbutt on Marc Tierney on 18 September 2011, forcing him to fall out of the team. His first start after his red card was in a 5–0 win against Stoke City on 6 November in which he scored two goals and gave assists for two others. He then scored a penalty in the following game against West Brom but Bolton lost 2–1. His next goal, his seventh of the season, came a few weeks later at home to Aston Villa, but Bolton again lost 2–1. After losing his place in the team to fellow forward David N'Gog, he came back as a late substitute at home to Queens Park Rangers on 10 March, where he scored the winner in the 86th minute as Bolton won the match 2–1. After Bolton's relegation from the Premier League, on 16 May, Klasnić confirmed on his official website that he had left the club.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 84588, 165813, 18119, 6837672, 203434, 33921, 42173, 26315939, 11250 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 98, 117 ], [ 218, 233 ], [ 280, 289 ], [ 431, 443 ], [ 563, 573 ], [ 705, 714 ], [ 812, 823 ], [ 905, 916 ], [ 1106, 1120 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In September 2012, Klasnić joined German side Mainz 05 as a free player and signed a one-year contract.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 1439896 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 46, 54 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Klasnić turned down an invitation from Rudi Völler to play for Germany and chose to play for Croatia instead as he had already won three caps and scored one goal for their under-21 team in the spring of 2001. He also played five times and scored one goal for the Croatian under-19 team in 1998 and 1999. By a quirk of fate, his international debut came against Germany in February 2004 in a friendly match where the Germans claimed a 2–1 victory.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 354084, 250204, 715240, 3234497 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 39, 50 ], [ 63, 70 ], [ 93, 100 ], [ 172, 185 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "He was selected to play for Croatia in the UEFA Euro 2004. However, he was left on the substitutes bench throughout the tournament. Croatia did not advance past the group stage and the media often attributed that to the lack of inclusion of Klasnić, among other things.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 372770 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 43, 57 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In the Croatian national team, however, his performances during 2004–05 were rather modest as he only netted one goal in eight qualifying matches for the 2006 FIFA World Cup, being on target in the team's opening qualifier against Hungary in September 2004, which they easily won 3–0. In February 2005, he gave a good performance for the national team in a friendly match against Israel, scoring twice in a 3–3 draw. On the first day of March 2006, he was on target for Croatia once again as he netted their first goal in a 3–2 win over Argentina in another friendly match.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 157233, 679739, 769536, 454699 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 154, 173 ], [ 231, 238 ], [ 380, 386 ], [ 537, 546 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In May 2006, he was expectedly named to the Croatian 23-man squad for the 2006 FIFA World Cup finals in Germany and displayed really good shape throughout the month as he first scored four goals in three Bundesliga matches for Werder Bremen, ending the 2005–06 Bundesliga season with a total of 15 goals scored, and then netted a brace for the national team in a World Cup preparation friendly against Austria on 23 May, where they easily won 4–1. However, as the World Cup approached his good shape started to fade and he did not manage to score any further goals in the remaining three preparation matches as well as in all three group matches at the tournament, where Croatia exited the competition in the first round with two draws and a defeat.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 695226 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 402, 409 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In the 2006–07 season, he lost his place in Croatia's starting XI after giving two modest performances in the opening two qualifying matches for the UEFA Euro 2008, where he nevertheless managed to score one goal in the 7–0 crushing of minnows Andorra. In the following two matches, against England and Israel, he was left an unused substitute.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 662351, 654958, 9904, 769536 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 149, 163 ], [ 244, 251 ], [ 291, 298 ], [ 303, 309 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "At Euro 2008, Klasnić was an unused substitute in Croatia's Group B opening two games; however he started the final group match on 16 June vs. Poland and scored a goal in 53rd minute thus, sending his side with a perfect group stage score into the next round. In the quarter-finals match against Turkey, Klasnić was again on the bench but was given the chance to play at the start of the first extra time in substitution of teammate Ivica Olić. In the 118th (with just two minutes to play plus injury time), Klasnić headed an elevated pass provided by Luka Modrić and scored a crucial goal for Croatia. However, Croatia was to be eliminated from the tournament as Semih Şentürk equalised with a goal just two minutes later and Turkey won the subsequent penalty shoot-out. Ivan was remembered for his efforts which saw him become the only player to ever participate at a major tournament after a kidney transplant, also scoring two goals during his campaign.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 14524222, 771860, 743577, 1447234, 3064199, 3001272 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 60, 67 ], [ 143, 149 ], [ 296, 302 ], [ 433, 443 ], [ 552, 563 ], [ 664, 677 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In January 2007, it was reported that Klasnić had suffered kidney failure. On 25 January 2007, he received a kidney transplant from his mother Šima, but soon it was reported that his body rejected the new organ.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Illness and kidney transplant", "target_page_ids": [ 167166 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 116, 126 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On 23 March 2007, he underwent surgery to replace the rejected kidney, this time receiving a kidney from his father. The second transplant was a success, and Klasnić stated that his doctors told him that he \"would be able to continue playing football.\" However, in August 2007, the doctors at Werder Bremen forbade him to train due to inability of his body to withstand heavy physical strain. In September, doctors finally allowed Klasnić to attend full training after he was absent for about six months. He then joined the team and made a couple of appearances in the club's cup activities and also appeared in a few matches for the second team.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Illness and kidney transplant", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Finally, on 24 November 2007, Klasnić was selected to start for Werder for the first time since December 2006, and played 65 minutes for his team in a Bundesliga match against Energie Cottbus. He completed his comeback on 15 December 2007, scoring twice in Bremen's 5–2 victory over Bayer Leverkusen and playing 85 minutes.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Illness and kidney transplant", "target_page_ids": [ 233023, 502005 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 176, 191 ], [ 283, 299 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In March 2008, Klasnić was recalled to the national team after a year of absence. He became the first player ever to participate at a major tournament after a kidney transplant when he played at Euro 2008, and scored against both Poland in the group stage and against Turkey in the quarter-finals.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Illness and kidney transplant", "target_page_ids": [ 662351 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 195, 204 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In September 2016, Klasnić's transplanted kidney failed and he was deemed critically ill. He received a third transplant in October 2017.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Illness and kidney transplant", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "In December 2020, he was awarded £3.6m after a ten-year legal battle against Werder Bremen's doctors for their usage of painkillers on his kidneys, as they made his already weak kidneys worse.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Illness and kidney transplant", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Scores and results list Croatia's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Klasnić goal.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Career statistics", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "FC St. Pauli", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " 2. Bundesliga Promotion: 2000–01", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 3475875, 6701660 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 14 ], [ 26, 33 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Werder Bremen", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Bundesliga: 2003–04", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 686142, 1598429 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 11 ], [ 13, 20 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " DFB-Pokal: 2003–04", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 675126, 9647638 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 10 ], [ 12, 19 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " DFB-Ligapokal: 2006", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 30864963, 31153354 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 14 ], [ 16, 20 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Individual", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " DFB-Pokal top scorer: 2003–04", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 675126, 9647638 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 10 ], [ 23, 30 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " DFL-Ligapokal top scorer: 2006", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 30864963, 31153354 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 14 ], [ 27, 31 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " kicker Bundesliga Team of the Season: 2005–06", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 4276265, 686142 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 7 ], [ 8, 18 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " kicker Man of the Year: 2007", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 4276265 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 7 ] ] } ]

[ "1980_births", "Living_people", "Association_football_forwards", "Croatian_footballers", "German_footballers", "Croatia_youth_international_footballers", "Croatia_under-21_international_footballers", "Croatia_international_footballers", "UEFA_Euro_2004_players", "2006_FIFA_World_Cup_players", "UEFA_Euro_2008_players", "FC_St._Pauli_players", "SV_Werder_Bremen_players", "FC_Nantes_players", "Bundesliga_players", "2._Bundesliga_players", "Ligue_1_players", "Bolton_Wanderers_F.C._players", "1._FSV_Mainz_05_players", "Premier_League_players", "Footballers_from_Hamburg", "Kidney_transplant_recipients", "German_people_of_Croatian_descent", "Croatian_expatriate_footballers", "Croatian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Germany", "Expatriate_footballers_in_Germany", "Croatian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_France", "Expatriate_footballers_in_France", "Croatian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_England", "Expatriate_footballers_in_England" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "Kelly Ingram Park, formerly West Park, is a park located in Birmingham, Alabama. It is bounded by 16th and 17th Streets and 5th and 6th Avenues North in the Birmingham Civil Rights District. The park, just outside the doors of the 16th Street Baptist Church, served as a central staging ground for large-scale demonstrations during the American Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 166459, 85427, 4535904, 4047130, 49001 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 45, 49 ], [ 61, 80 ], [ 158, 190 ], [ 232, 258 ], [ 337, 367 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Reverend James Bevel of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference directed the organized protest by students in 1963 which centered on Kelly Ingram Park. It was here, during the first week of May 1963, that Birmingham police and firemen, under orders from Public Safety Commissioner Eugene \"Bull\" Connor, confronted the student demonstrators, almost all of them children and high school students, first with mass arrests and then with police dogs and firehoses. Images from those confrontations, broadcast internationally, spurred a public outcry which turned the nation's attention to the struggle for racial equality. The demonstrations in Birmingham brought city leaders to agree to an end of public segregation and helped to ensure the writing and then the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 4313171, 430598, 663363, 188746 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 9, 20 ], [ 28, 68 ], [ 286, 306 ], [ 779, 803 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The park was named in 1932 for local firefighter Osmond Kelly Ingram, who was the first sailor in the United States Navy to be killed in World War I. In 1992 it was completely renovated and rededicated as \"A Place of Revolution and Reconciliation\" to coincide with the opening of the Birmingham Civil Rights Institute, an interpretive museum and research center, which adjoins the park to the west.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 1831789, 20518076, 4764461, 3527440 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 49, 68 ], [ 102, 120 ], [ 137, 148 ], [ 284, 317 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The park is the setting for several pieces of sculpture related to the civil rights movement.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "There is a central fountain and commemorative statues of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., Rev. Fred Shuttlesworth, and some of the other heroes of the civil rights movement, as well as three installations by artist James Drake which flank a circular \"Freedom Walk\". They bring the visitor inside the portrayals of terror and sorrow of the 1963 confrontations. A limestone sculpture by Raymond Kaskey depicts three ministers, John Thomas Porter, Nelson H. Smith, and A. D. King, kneeling in prayer.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 20076, 1401672, 395246, 46843499, 9409137 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 61, 83 ], [ 90, 108 ], [ 380, 394 ], [ 403, 418 ], [ 461, 471 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The Four Spirits sculpture was unveiled at Kelly Ingram Park on September, 2013 to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the 16th Street Baptist Church bombing. Crafted in Berkeley, California by Birmingham-born sculptor Elizabeth MacQueen and designed as a memorial to the four girls killed in the bombing (which occurred on September 15, 1963), it depicts the four girls in preparation for the church sermon at the 16th Street Baptist Church in the moments immediately before the explosion. The youngest girl killed in the explosion (Carol Denise McNair) is depicted releasing six doves into the air as she stands tiptoed and barefooted upon a bench as another barefooted girl (Addie Mae Collins) is depicted kneeling upon the bench, affixing a dress sash to McNair; a third girl (Cynthia Wesley) is depicted sitting upon the bench alongside McNair and Collins with a book in her lap. The book depicts the refrain of William Butler Yeats poem \"The Stolen Child\". The fourth girl (Carole Robertson) is depicted standing and smiling as she motions the other three girls to attend their church sermon. At the base of the sculpture is an inscription of the name of the sermon the four girls were to attend prior to the bombing—\"A Love that Forgives.\" Oval photographs and brief biographies of the four girls killed in the explosion, the most seriously injured survivor (Sarah Collins), and the two teenage boys shot to death later that day also adorn the base of the sculpture.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 341043, 4860, 47878489, 33684, 2092789 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 123, 157 ], [ 170, 190 ], [ 626, 634 ], [ 918, 938 ], [ 945, 961 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Additional monuments honor Pauline Fletcher, Carrie A. Tuggle, Ruth Jackson, Arthur Shores, Julius Ellsberry, and the \"foot soldiers\" and other \"unsung heroes\" of the Civil Rights Movement.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 49285994, 15083730, 18816479 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 45, 61 ], [ 77, 90 ], [ 92, 108 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The park hosts several local family festivals and cultural and entertainment events throughout the year. The Civil Rights Institute provides audio-tour guides for the park which feature remembrances by many of the figures directly involved in the confrontations. Urban Impact, Inc. also provides guided tours by appointment.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " National Park Service Page", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Birmingham Civil Rights Institute", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Drake's sculptures", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_Birmingham,_Alabama", "Parks_in_Birmingham,_Alabama", "African-American_history_in_Birmingham,_Alabama", "Protected_areas_of_Jefferson_County,_Alabama", "Tourist_attractions_in_Birmingham,_Alabama", "Civil_rights_movement_museums", "Parks_on_the_National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_Alabama" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": " is a Japanese manga artist and character designer. He designed the characters for Xenogears, Der Wille zur Macht and Xenoblade Chronicles X, as well as character concept design for the anime Key the Metal Idol. He wrote the manga for Ruin Explorers which was made into an OVA in 1995. ", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 271601, 34168, 39665835, 3251518, 4543412 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 15, 27 ], [ 83, 92 ], [ 119, 141 ], [ 193, 211 ], [ 236, 250 ] ] } ]

[ "1970_births", "Japanese_artists", "Living_people", "Manga_artists", "Video_game_artists" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "Widmanstätten patterns, also known as Thomson structures, are figures of long nickel–iron crystals, found in the octahedrite iron meteorites and some pallasites. They consist of a fine interleaving of kamacite and taenite bands or ribbons called lamellae. Commonly, in gaps between the lamellae, a fine-grained mixture of kamacite and taenite called plessite can be found. Widmanstätten patterns describe features in modern steels, titanium, and zirconium alloys.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 21274, 14734, 61218, 3234346, 2481168, 17013, 3231619, 1641702, 3231747 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 78, 84 ], [ 85, 89 ], [ 113, 124 ], [ 125, 139 ], [ 150, 159 ], [ 201, 209 ], [ 214, 221 ], [ 246, 254 ], [ 350, 358 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In 1808, these figures were named after Count Alois von Beckh Widmanstätten, the director of the Imperial Porcelain works in Vienna. While flame heating iron meteorites, Widmanstätten noticed color and luster zone differentiation as the various iron alloys oxidized at different rates. He did not publish his findings, claiming them only via oral communication with his colleagues. The discovery was acknowledged by Carl von Schreibers, director of the Vienna Mineral and Zoology Cabinet, who named the structure after Widmanstätten.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Discovery", "target_page_ids": [ 3930637, 55866, 3234346, 60652, 12256126 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 40, 75 ], [ 125, 131 ], [ 153, 167 ], [ 202, 208 ], [ 416, 435 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "However, it is now believed that the discovery of the metal crystal pattern should be assigned to the English mineralogist William (Guglielmo) Thomson, as he published the same findings four years earlier.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Discovery", "target_page_ids": [ 18081119 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 123, 150 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Working in Naples in 1804, Thomson treated a Krasnojarsk meteorite with nitric acid to remove the dull patina caused by oxidation. Shortly after the acid made contact with the metal, strange figures appeared on the surface, which he detailed as described above. Civil wars and political instability in southern Italy made it difficult for Thomson to maintain contact with his colleagues in England. This was demonstrated in his loss of important correspondence when its carrier was murdered. As a result, in 1804, his findings were only published in French in the Bibliothèque Britannique. At the beginning of 1806, Napoleon invaded the Kingdom of Naples and Thomson was forced to flee to Sicily and in November of that year, he died in Palermo at the age of 46. In 1808, Thomson's work was again published posthumously in Italian (translated from the original English manuscript) in Atti dell'Accademia Delle Scienze di Siena. The Napoleonic wars obstructed Thomson's contacts with the scientific community and his travels across Europe, in addition to his early death, obscured his contributions for many years.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Discovery", "target_page_ids": [ 18244399, 19937, 21655, 22026295, 69880, 258779, 27619, 38881, 45420 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 45, 56 ], [ 57, 66 ], [ 72, 83 ], [ 564, 588 ], [ 617, 625 ], [ 638, 655 ], [ 690, 696 ], [ 738, 745 ], [ 933, 948 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The most common names for these figures are Widmanstätten pattern and Widmanstätten structure, however, there are some spelling variations:", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Name", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Widmanstetter (proposed by Frederick C. Leonard)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Name", "target_page_ids": [ 11964494 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 28, 48 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Widmannstätten (used for example for the Widmannstätten lunar crater)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Name", "target_page_ids": [ 1509237 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 42, 69 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Widmanstatten (Anglicized)", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Name", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Due to the discover priority of G. Thomson, several authors suggested to call these figures Thomson structure or Thomson-Widmanstätten structure.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Name", "target_page_ids": [ 18081119 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 32, 42 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Iron and nickel form homogeneous alloys at temperatures below the melting point; these alloys are taenite. At temperatures below 900 to 600°C (depending on the Ni content), two alloys with different nickel content are stable: kamacite with lower Ni-content (5 to 15% Ni) and taenite with high Ni (up to 50%). Octahedrite meteorites have a nickel content intermediate between the norm for kamacite and taenite; this leads under slow cooling conditions to the precipitation of kamacite and growth of kamacite plates along certain crystallographic planes in the taenite crystal lattice.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Lamellae formation mechanism", "target_page_ids": [ 14734, 21274, 3180547, 1187, 40283, 3231619, 61218, 19937, 17013, 3231619, 7794, 3231619, 661808 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 4 ], [ 9, 15 ], [ 21, 32 ], [ 33, 39 ], [ 66, 79 ], [ 98, 105 ], [ 309, 320 ], [ 321, 330 ], [ 388, 396 ], [ 401, 408 ], [ 528, 551 ], [ 559, 566 ], [ 567, 582 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The formation of Ni-poor kamacite proceeds by diffusion of Ni in the solid alloy at temperatures between 700 and 450°C, and can only take place during very slow cooling, about 100 to 10,000°C/Myr, with total cooling times of 10 Myr or less. This explains why this structure cannot be reproduced in the laboratory.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Lamellae formation mechanism", "target_page_ids": [ 363092 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 228, 231 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The crystalline patterns become visible when the meteorites are cut, polished, and acid-etched, because taenite is more resistant to the acid.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Lamellae formation mechanism", "target_page_ids": [ 6015 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 4, 11 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The dimension of kamacite lamellae ranges from coarsest to finest (upon their size) as the nickel content increases. This classification is called structural classification.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Lamellae formation mechanism", "target_page_ids": [ 17013, 3234346 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 17, 25 ], [ 147, 172 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Since nickel-iron crystals grow to lengths of some centimeters only when the solid metal cools down at an exceptionally slow rate (over several million years), the presence of these patterns is strongly suggestive of extraterrestrial origin of the material, and can be used to indicate if a piece of iron may come from a meteorite.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Usage", "target_page_ids": [ 177602, 14734, 19937 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 217, 233 ], [ 300, 304 ], [ 321, 330 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The methods used to reveal the Widmanstätten pattern on iron meteorites vary. Most commonly, the slice is ground and polished, cleaned, etched with a chemical such as nitric acid or ferric chloride, washed, and dried.", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Preparation", "target_page_ids": [ 21655, 446457 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 167, 178 ], [ 182, 197 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Cutting the meteorite along different planes affects the shape and direction of Widmanstätten figures because kamacite lamellae in octahedrites are precisely arranged. Octahedrites derive their name from the crystal structure paralleling an octahedron. Opposite faces are parallel so, although an octahedron has 8 faces, there are only 4 sets of kamacite plates. Iron and nickel-iron form crystals with an external octahedral structure only very rarely, but these orientations are still plainly detectable crystallographically without the external habit. Cutting an octahedrite meteorite along different planes (or any other material with octahedral symmetry, which is a sub-class of cubic symmetry) will result in one of these cases:", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Shape and orientation", "target_page_ids": [ 17013, 1641702, 61218, 22458 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 110, 118 ], [ 119, 127 ], [ 131, 142 ], [ 241, 251 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " perpendicular cut to one of the three (cubic) axes: two sets of bands at right angles each other", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Shape and orientation", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " parallel cut to one of the octahedron faces (cutting all 3 cubic axes at the same distance from the crystallographic center) : three sets of bands running at 60° angles each other", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Shape and orientation", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " any other angle: four sets of bands with different angles of intersection", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Shape and orientation", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The term is also used on non-meteoritic material to indicate a structure with a geometrical pattern resulting from the formation of a new phase along certain crystallographic planes of the parent phase, such as the basketweave structure in some zirconium alloys. The Widmanstätten structures form due to the growth of new phases within the grain boundaries of the parent metals, generally increasing the hardness and brittleness of the metal. The structures form due to the precipitation of a single crystal phase into two separate phases. In this way, the Widmanstätten transformation differs from other transformations, such as a martensite or ferrite transformation. The structures form at very precise angles, which may vary depending on the arrangement of the crystal lattices. These are usually very small structures that must be viewed through a microscope because a very long cooling rate is generally needed to produce structures visible to the naked eye. However, they usually have a great and often an undesirable effect on the properties of the alloy.", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Structures in non-meteoritic materials", "target_page_ids": [ 23637, 1089079, 3096353, 233266 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 139, 144 ], [ 159, 181 ], [ 246, 261 ], [ 633, 643 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Widmanstätten structures tend to form within a certain temperature range, growing larger over time. In carbon steel, for example, Widmanstätten structures form during tempering if the steel is held within a range around for long periods of time. These structures form as a needle or plate-like growths of cementite within the crystal boundaries of the martensite. This increases the brittleness of the steel in a way that can only be relieved by recrystallizing. Widmanstätten structures made from ferrite sometimes occur in carbon steel, if the carbon content is below but near the eutectoid composition (~ 0.8% carbon). This occurs as long needles of ferrite within the pearlite.", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Structures in non-meteoritic materials", "target_page_ids": [ 633593, 1601611, 233281, 15285305, 152969, 535581 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 103, 115 ], [ 167, 176 ], [ 306, 315 ], [ 499, 506 ], [ 584, 593 ], [ 673, 681 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Widmanstätten structures form in many other metals as well. They will form in brass, especially if the alloy has a very high zinc content, becoming needles of zinc in the copper matrix. The needles will usually form when the brass cools from the recrystallization temperature, and will become very coarse if the brass is annealed to for long periods. Telluric iron, which is an iron-nickel alloy very similar to meteorites, also displays very coarse Widmanstätten structures. Telluric iron is metallic iron, rather than an ore (in which iron is usually found), and it originated from the Earth rather than from space. Telluric iron is an extremely rare metal, found only in a few places in the world. Like meteorites, the very coarse Widmanstätten structures most likely develop through very slow cooling, except that the cooling occurred in the Earth's mantle and crust rather than in the vacuum and microgravity of space. Such patterns have also been seen in mulberry, a ternary uranium alloy, after aging at or below for periods of minutes to hours produces a monoclinic ɑ phase.", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Structures in non-meteoritic materials", "target_page_ids": [ 32253448, 32502, 516838, 177602, 55823783, 1590904, 513093 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 352, 365 ], [ 891, 897 ], [ 902, 914 ], [ 918, 923 ], [ 962, 970 ], [ 1003, 1008 ], [ 1065, 1075 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "However, the appearance, the composition, and the formation process of these terrestrial Widmanstätten structures are different from the characteristic structure of iron meteorites.", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Structures in non-meteoritic materials", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "When an iron meteorite is forged into a tool or weapon, the Widmanstätten patterns remain but become stretched and distorted. The patterns usually cannot be fully eliminated by blacksmithing, even through extensive working. When a knife or tool is forged from meteoric iron and then polished, the patterns appear on the surface of the metal, albeit distorted, but they tend to retain some of the original octahedral shapes and the appearance of thin lamellae crisscrossing each other. Pattern-welded steels such as Damascus steel also bear patterns, but they are easily discernible from any Widmanstätten pattern.", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "Structures in non-meteoritic materials", "target_page_ids": [ 24175, 8593 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 485, 499 ], [ 515, 529 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Acicular ferrite", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 9826766 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 17 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Count Alois von Beckh Widmanstätten", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 3930637 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 36 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Glossary of meteoritics", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 38085936 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 24 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Meteorite", "section_idx": 8, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 19937 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 10 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Widmannstätten figures on the Gibeon Iron-Meteorite", "section_idx": 10, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "Meteorite_mineralogy_and_petrology", "Patterns" ]

[ "Widmanstätten structure", "Thomson structure" ]

[ { "plaintext": "Châtillon-sur-Marne (, literally Châtillon on Marne) is a commune in the Marne department in north-eastern France.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 802318, 410219, 86872, 38523, 5843419 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 46, 51 ], [ 58, 65 ], [ 73, 78 ], [ 79, 89 ], [ 107, 113 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "It lies in the valley of the Marne, surrounded by the Parc Naturel de la Montagne de Reims. It lies in the historic province of Champagne. The village stands above sloping vineyards and fields: Épernay, the principal entrepôt of the Champagne wines, is within walking distance.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 802318, 35700677, 10328192, 900484, 1191426 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 29, 34 ], [ 54, 90 ], [ 128, 137 ], [ 194, 201 ], [ 217, 225 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Here Pope Urban II, Eudes de Châtillon, whose uncle Guy de Roucy, bishop of Reims mentored his early career, was born in the family of the seigneurs of Châtillon, who inherited the lands and titles of Count of Blois when Hugues de Châtillon, comte de Saint Pol, married Marie the heiress of the counts of Blois in 1230. In 1391, the seigneury of Châtillon passed with the honors of Blois into the royal family of France.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 24284, 1788185, 20011643, 697540 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 5, 18 ], [ 66, 81 ], [ 139, 161 ], [ 201, 215 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Here also was born Reynald of Châtillon, called \"Le Loup\" (the Wolf) by Muslims, who went to the Holy Land on the Second Crusade and remained there for the rest of his life. In 1181 he raided the Red Sea, aiming to attack Mecca and Medina, and attacked again in 1183, forcing a counterattack from Saladin, who captured Jerusalem in 1187, setting the stage for the Third Crusade.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 157696, 148545, 106130, 26191, 21021, 36636, 26983, 16043, 106131 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 19, 39 ], [ 97, 106 ], [ 114, 128 ], [ 196, 203 ], [ 222, 227 ], [ 232, 238 ], [ 297, 304 ], [ 319, 328 ], [ 364, 377 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Many Gallo-Roman fortifications called castellionum have given rise to French places called Châtillon. The little fortress called Castellionum super Matronam commanded a strategic crossroads in the valley of the Marne and was repeatedly attacked and demolished and refortified, including during 1575. The modern village retains the traces of the densely built fortified village in the narrowness of its streets.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Within the commune there is a triumphal statue of Urban II. The statue is 9 metres tall with an interior spiral staircase, and stands on a drumlike socle that raises it to 25 metres. The project was suggested in 1862: land for it was donated and 30,000 francs were collected, including 3000 francs from Pope Leo XIII. The statue, which was erected from August 1879, is composed of eighty blocks of Kersanton granite executed by the sculptor Le Goff. The blocks were brought one at a time by ox-cart from Port-à-Binson. The statue was inaugurated July 21, 1887 by the papal nuncio and two dozen prelates, to a crowd of 20,000 in grandiose fêtes that lasted for three days. The 10-metre cross formerly in Urban's hands had been brought by pilgrims from the Holy Land and was carried on men's backs to its final position.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 50614 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 303, 316 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Comtes de Châtillon-Blois (French)", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "Communes_of_Marne_(department)" ]

[ "Chatillon-sur-Marne", "Montagne-sur-Marne" ]

[ { "plaintext": "5-Nitroimidazole is an organic compound with the formula O2NC3H2N2H. The nitro group at position 5 on the imidazole ring is the most common positional isomer. The term nitroimidazole also refers to a class of antibiotics that share similar chemical structures.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 22203, 901171, 1117286, 20648024 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 23, 39 ], [ 74, 85 ], [ 107, 116 ], [ 152, 158 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Imidazole undergoes a nitration reaction with a mixture of nitric acid and sulfuric acid to give 5-nitroimidazole:", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Synthesis", "target_page_ids": [ 1117286, 692867, 21655, 29247 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 9 ], [ 22, 31 ], [ 59, 70 ], [ 75, 88 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "C3H3N2H + HNO3 + H2SO4 → O2NC3H2N2H + H2O", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Synthesis", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "From the chemistry perspective, nitroimidazole antibiotics can be classified according to the location of the nitro functional group. Structures with names 4- and 5-nitroimidazole are equivalent from the perspective of drugs since these tautomers readily interconvert. Drugs of the 5-nitro variety include metronidazole, tinidazole, nimorazole, dimetridazole, pretomanid, ornidazole, megazol, and azanidazole. Drugs based on 2-nitromidazoles include benznidazole.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Nitroimidazole antibiotics", "target_page_ids": [ 10911, 315139, 1875407, 18891459, 2202538, 11549201, 2202441, 44454705, 12932272, 8146892 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 116, 132 ], [ 307, 320 ], [ 322, 332 ], [ 334, 344 ], [ 346, 359 ], [ 361, 371 ], [ 373, 383 ], [ 385, 392 ], [ 398, 409 ], [ 452, 464 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Nitroimidazole antibiotics have been used to combat anaerobic bacterial and parasitic infections. Perhaps the most common example is metronidazole. Other heterocycles such as nitrothiazoles (thiazole) are also used for this purpose. Nitroheterocycles may be reductively activated in hypoxic cells, and then undergo redox recycling or decompose to toxic products.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Nitroimidazole antibiotics", "target_page_ids": [ 92640, 9028799, 43937, 37220, 315139, 1559605, 66313, 13292, 66313, 1533184 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 52, 61 ], [ 62, 71 ], [ 76, 85 ], [ 86, 95 ], [ 133, 146 ], [ 191, 199 ], [ 259, 270 ], [ 284, 291 ], [ 316, 321 ], [ 335, 344 ] ] } ]

[ "Disulfiram-like_drugs", "Nitroimidazoles" ]

[ "4-nitroimidazole", "4-Nitroimidazole", "4-Nitro-1H-imidazole" ]

[ { "plaintext": "Sophie Luise Elisabeth Muller (born 31 January 1962) is a British music video director from London, who has directed more than 300 music videos. She won a Grammy Award for Annie Lennox's 1992 Diva video album, and an MTV Video Music Award for Lennox's song \"Why\" from the same album. In 1993 she won a BRIT Award for \"Stay\" by Shakespears Sister. In 1997, she won another MTV Award for \"Don't Speak\" by No Doubt. Muller is a longtime collaborator with Sade, Annie Lennox, Gwen Stefani, Sophie Ellis-Bextor, Garbage and Shakespears Sister. ", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 36010728, 17867, 44635, 241721, 3441535, 295217, 2190991, 362662, 4690753, 26636018, 379638, 167802, 252274, 167805, 473752, 276931, 26636018 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 66, 86 ], [ 92, 98 ], [ 155, 167 ], [ 172, 184 ], [ 192, 196 ], [ 217, 238 ], [ 258, 261 ], [ 302, 312 ], [ 318, 322 ], [ 327, 345 ], [ 387, 398 ], [ 403, 411 ], [ 452, 456 ], [ 472, 484 ], [ 486, 505 ], [ 507, 514 ], [ 519, 537 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Muller is also known for creating cover art for albums, and for providing photographs and art direction for advertising campaigns, concert tours, concert films, and television commercials.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Sophie Muller was born in London, but spent her early years on the Isle of Man. After leaving secondary education, she returned to London to attend Central St Martins, gaining a Foundation Diploma in Art. She befriended Sade there; the two later worked together.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Background", "target_page_ids": [ 17867, 14727, 385275, 252274 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 26, 32 ], [ 67, 78 ], [ 148, 166 ], [ 220, 224 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Following her graduation, Muller went to the Royal College of Art to study for her Masters in Film and Television, where she made \"Interlude\" and \"In Excelsis Deo\" (In Adoration of God). The latter won the J. Walter Thompson Prize for creativity.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Background", "target_page_ids": [ 269757 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 45, 65 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Her trademark style of a singer or a band inside a dim room started with \"I Need a Man\" by Eurythmics, shot in 1987.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Background", "target_page_ids": [ 5963104, 209188 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 74, 86 ], [ 91, 101 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Muller's first taste of professional film came working as a third assistant on the 1984 horror/thriller Company of Wolves. She then went on to work for International Film and Video, honoring her for her editing, producing, and directing skills.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Career", "target_page_ids": [ 1495709 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 104, 121 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Muller's goal was to become a successful director in her own right, and her big break came through a chance meeting with John Stewart (brother of Eurythmics' Dave Stewart) and Billy Poveda of Oil Factory, an established film production company.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Career", "target_page_ids": [ 876603 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 158, 170 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "She has directed over three hundred music videos and has been a longtime collaborator with Sophie Ellis-Bextor, No Doubt, Shakespears Sister, Garbage, Blur, Annie Lennox and Eurythmics. Her work with Annie Lennox won her a Grammy for the Diva video album. She also picked up an MTV Video Music Award for Lennox's 1992 hit \"Why\", and was also Grammy nominated for the Eurythmics' 1987 Savage video album. In total, Muller has directed over twenty videos for Lennox and Eurythmics and has a longstanding collaboration with producers Rob Small (UK) and Grant Jue (US).", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Career", "target_page_ids": [ 473752, 167802, 26636018, 276931, 43007, 241721, 209188, 295217, 2190991, 44635 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 91, 110 ], [ 112, 120 ], [ 122, 140 ], [ 142, 149 ], [ 151, 155 ], [ 157, 169 ], [ 174, 184 ], [ 278, 299 ], [ 323, 326 ], [ 342, 348 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The video she directed for \"Stay\" by Shakespears Sister was spoofed by many British comedians at the time, including French & Saunders and Mr. Blobby, and won the BRIT Award and The Music Week Award for Best Video at both of the ceremonies' 1993 Awards.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Career", "target_page_ids": [ 26636018, 89607, 1523887, 362662 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 37, 55 ], [ 117, 134 ], [ 139, 149 ], [ 163, 173 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "She has directed fifteen videos for Sophie Ellis-Bextor, including \"Take Me Home\", \"Murder on the Dancefloor\", \"Catch You\", two versions of \"Music Gets the Best of Me\" and \"Love Is a Camera\".", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Career", "target_page_ids": [ 473752, 4370098, 3714657, 5882395, 4375410, 42956967 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 36, 55 ], [ 68, 80 ], [ 84, 108 ], [ 112, 121 ], [ 141, 166 ], [ 173, 189 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Muller directed nine videos for No Doubt as well as nine solo videos for Gwen Stefani. When No Doubt's \"Don't Speak\" won the award for Best Group Video at the 1997 MTV Video Music Awards, Stefani thanked her extensively, saying \"I'd like to say that Sophie Muller is a genius.\" Stefani has also stated, Sophie Muller is one of my most talented friends. She can and will only do projects that she is inspired by. She is driven by creativity and the love for what she does and as a result she never compromises. I consider her a true artist. I was a fan of Sophie's work before I even imagined working with her. She has a very pronounced style and taste that drew me in. I think she has the gift of being able to bring out the artist's personality, emotion and style. After working with her for the first time on our \"Don't Speak\" video, we became close friends [...]. On the set her direction is humble and simple, but she knows what she wants and knows when she gets it. A woman in charge in the male-dominated world of filmmaking makes the whole experience that much more exciting. [...] She has a way of making every cut have a reason and meaning. The videos have a life of their own and become better each time you watch them. I am always in shock the first time I see them and then after a few more times I am actually amazed. She has taught me a lot and I feel very lucky to have worked with her.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Career", "target_page_ids": [ 167802, 167805, 379638, 295217 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 32, 40 ], [ 73, 85 ], [ 104, 115 ], [ 164, 186 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The artwork for The Jesus and Mary Chain's 1994 album, Stoned & Dethroned, and the singles accompanying it, is composed entirely of stills from the video to the group's song \"Sometimes Always\", which was directed by Muller. She also directed the video for \"Come On\", which also appears on the album.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Career", "target_page_ids": [ 167717, 4732844, 23107739, 24402086 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 16, 40 ], [ 55, 73 ], [ 175, 191 ], [ 257, 264 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Muller states that her only ambition is to continue directing to her own high standards and to never grow bored. In 2004, she directed the socially aware video for Sarah McLachlan's \"World on Fire\", where all but $15 of the entire $150,000 video budget was donated to charities. Recently, she has directed videos for Brandon Flowers, Kings of Leon, Mae Muller (no relation), Mika, Tom Odell, Shakira, and the critically acclaimed video for the Dixie Chicks, \"Not Ready to Make Nice\".", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Career", "target_page_ids": [ 149077, 2629585, 923811, 842182, 65312911, 7258728, 37983257, 6479315, 11040148, 7902498 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 164, 179 ], [ 183, 196 ], [ 317, 332 ], [ 334, 347 ], [ 349, 359 ], [ 375, 379 ], [ 381, 390 ], [ 392, 399 ], [ 444, 456 ], [ 459, 481 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "1982", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Videography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Eurythmics – \"The Walk\" (editing)", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Videography", "target_page_ids": [ 209188, 3180278 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 10 ], [ 14, 22 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "1987", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Videography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Eurythmics – \"Beethoven (I Love to Listen To)\"", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Videography", "target_page_ids": [ 5962763 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 14, 45 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Eurythmics – \"I Need a Man\"", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Videography", "target_page_ids": [ 5963104 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 14, 26 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "1988", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Videography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Eurythmics – \"You Have Placed a Chill in My Heart\"", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Videography", "target_page_ids": [ 5963257 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 14, 49 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Eurythmics – \"Brand New Day\"", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Videography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Eurythmics – \"Do You Want to Break Up?\"", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Videography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Eurythmics – \"Heaven\"", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Videography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Eurythmics – \"I Need You\"", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Videography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Eurythmics – \"Put the Blame on Me\"", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Videography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Eurythmics – \"Savage\"", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Videography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Eurythmics – \"Wide Eyed Girl\"", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Videography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Sade – \"Nothing Can Come Between Us\"", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Videography", "target_page_ids": [ 866706, 27700171 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 4 ], [ 8, 35 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Sade – \"Turn My Back on You\"", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Videography", "target_page_ids": [ 21658755 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 8, 27 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Sade – \"Love Is Stronger Than Pride\"", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Videography", "target_page_ids": [ 21656491 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 8, 35 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Shakespears Sister – \"Break My Heart\"", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Videography", "target_page_ids": [ 26636018 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 18 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Shakespear's Sister – \"Heroine\"", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Videography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Annie Lennox featuring Al Green – \"Put a Little Love in Your Heart\"", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Videography", "target_page_ids": [ 241721, 149459, 12774004 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 12 ], [ 23, 31 ], [ 35, 66 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "1989", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Videography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Shakespears Sister – \"You're History\"", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Videography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Shakespears Sister – \"Run Silent\"", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Videography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Sarah Brightman – \"Anything but Lonely\"", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Videography", "target_page_ids": [ 308851 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 16 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Eurythmics – \"Don't Ask Me Why\"", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Videography", "target_page_ids": [ 209188, 5965011 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 11 ], [ 15, 31 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "1990", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Videography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Eurythmics – \"Angel\"", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Videography", "target_page_ids": [ 209188, 5965349 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 11 ], [ 15, 20 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Julia Fordham – \"Lock and Key\"", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Videography", "target_page_ids": [ 1938841 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 13 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Sinéad O'Connor – \"The Emperor's New Clothes\"", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Videography", "target_page_ids": [ 144848 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 15 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "1991", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Videography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Nanci Griffith – \"Late Night Grande Hotel\"", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Videography", "target_page_ids": [ 408285 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 14 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "World Party – \"Thank You World\"", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Videography", "target_page_ids": [ 318684 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 11 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Curve – \"Coast Is Clear\"", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Videography", "target_page_ids": [ 1724522 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 5 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Shakespears Sister – \"Goodbye Cruel World\"", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Videography", "target_page_ids": [ 23893598 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 22, 41 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "1992", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Videography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Annie Lennox – \"Why\"", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Videography", "target_page_ids": [ 2190991 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 16, 19 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Annie Lennox – \"Precious\"", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Videography", "target_page_ids": [ 12716916 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 16, 24 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Annie Lennox – \"Cold\"", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Videography", "target_page_ids": [ 12773789 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 16, 20 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Annie Lennox – \"Money Can't Buy It\"", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Videography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Annie Lennox – \"Legend in My Living Room\"", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Videography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Annie Lennox – \"The Gift\"", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Videography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Annie Lennox – \"Primitive\"", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Videography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Annie Lennox – \"Keep Young and Beautiful\"", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Videography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Annie Lennox – \"Walking on Broken Glass\"", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Videography", "target_page_ids": [ 10716195 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 16, 39 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Annie Lennox – \"Love Song for a Vampire\"", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Videography", "target_page_ids": [ 9888712 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 16, 39 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Annie Lennox – \"Little Bird\"", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Videography", "target_page_ids": [ 15132513 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 16, 27 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Shakespears Sister – \"Stay\"", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Videography", "target_page_ids": [ 4690753 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 22, 26 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Shakespears Sister – \"I Don't 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[ "1962_births", "Living_people", "Alumni_of_the_Royal_College_of_Art", "People_from_Paddington", "English_music_video_directors", "British_music_video_directors", "Female_music_video_directors", "Grammy_Award_winners", "People_from_Marylebone" ]

[ "Sophie Luise Elisabeth Muller" ]

[ { "plaintext": "Klamydia (Finnish language for Chlamydia) is a Finnish punk rock band from Vaasa, Finland. The band's name was chosen because it was the worst name that came to their minds.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 19984080, 7037, 667850, 23037, 33652818, 10577 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 10, 26 ], [ 31, 40 ], [ 47, 54 ], [ 55, 64 ], [ 75, 80 ], [ 82, 89 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The band was formed in 1988, and has been continuously active since then. The band publishes records in very short intervals (about one LP per year), and has experienced many line-up changes. The only remaining original member is the current vocalist, Vesa \"Vesku\" Jokinen. The band is notable for founding its own record company, Kråklund Records.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "History", "target_page_ids": [ 3845828 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 252, 272 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Klamydia has always been renowned as a humor band, but they have a lot of songs criticizing society, and other songs about serious subjects like incest, as well as love songs. In the year 2001, Klamydia was rewarded by the city of Vaasa, who granted Klamydia a culture prize for their long and successful career. This aroused a lot of criticism in the city, because people did not appreciate rewarding a vulgar-styled humor band like Klamydia. The band itself took the whole thing as good free promotion. 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"Videography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "\"Ajetaan aaveet pois\"", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Videography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "\"Suomalainen tarina\"", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Videography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "\"Pelasta !\"", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Videography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Official website (in Finnish)", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "Finnish_punk_rock_groups", "Vaasa", "People_from_Vaasa", "Musical_groups_established_in_1988", "Musical_quartets" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "In scale (music) theory, a maximally even set (scale) is one in which every generic interval has either one or two consecutive integers specific intervals-in other words a scale whose notes (pcs) are \"spread out as much as possible.\" This property was first described by John Clough and Jack Douthett. Clough and Douthett also introduced the maximally even algorithm. For a chromatic cardinality c and pc-set cardinality d a maximally even set is", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 40651, 1447328, 1447328, 412388 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 3, 16 ], [ 76, 92 ], [ 136, 153 ], [ 402, 408 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "where k ranges from 0 to d − 1 and m, 0 ≤ m ≤ c − 1 is fixed and the bracket pair is the floor function. A discussion on these concepts can be found in Timothy Johnson's book on the mathematical foundations of diatonic scale theory. Jack Douthett and Richard Krantz introduced maximally even sets to the mathematics literature.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 54267 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 89, 103 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "A scale is said to have Myhill's property if every generic interval comes in two specific interval sizes, and a scale with Myhill's property is said to be a well-formed scale. The diatonic collection is both a well-formed scale and is maximally even. The whole-tone scale is also maximally even, but it is not well-formed since each generic interval comes in only one size.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 1447328, 1447328, 1447328, 1446797, 8202, 113040 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 24, 41 ], [ 51, 67 ], [ 81, 98 ], [ 157, 174 ], [ 180, 199 ], [ 255, 271 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Second-order maximal evenness is maximal evenness of a subcollection of a larger collection that is maximally even. Diatonic triads and seventh chords possess second-order maximal evenness, being maximally even in regard to the maximally even diatonic scale—but are not maximally even with regard to the chromatic scale. (ibid, p.115) This nested quality resembles Fred Lerdahl's \"reductional format\" for pitch space from the bottom up:", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 599795, 616723 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 365, 377 ], [ 405, 416 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "(Lerdahl, 1992)", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "In a dynamical approach, spinning concentric circles and iterated maximally even sets have been constructed. This approach has implications in Neo-Riemannian theory, and leads to some interesting connections between diatonic and chromatic theory. Emmanuel Amiot has discovered yet another way to define maximally even sets by employing discrete Fourier transforms.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 9087, 19049087, 23211888, 10232935, 10232935, 8811 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 5, 14 ], [ 34, 52 ], [ 143, 164 ], [ 216, 224 ], [ 229, 238 ], [ 336, 362 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Carey, Norman and Clampitt, David (1989). \"Aspects of Well-Formed Scales\", Music Theory Spectrum 11: 187–206.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "Musical_terminology" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "Alfred Harold Douglas Rogers (January 26, 1941 July 20, 2020) was a Canadian Olympic competitor in judo, and the first Canadian to win an Olympic medal in the sport. He was an honoured member in the Canadian Sports Hall of Fame. His best results were a silver medal in the 1964 Tokyo Olympics and gold medals at two Pan American Games, in 1965 and 1967. He was a student of Masahiko Kimura.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 19851291, 22576, 15601, 948736, 283942, 743006 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 69, 77 ], [ 78, 85 ], [ 100, 104 ], [ 274, 293 ], [ 317, 335 ], [ 375, 390 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Doug Rogers arrived in Japan in 1960 at the age of 19 with the specific intention of working on his judo. As a youth he had won the Ontario Minor Hockey Championships, where he finished the tournament's highest-scoring defenceman. At age 15, he had joined the judo club at the Montreal YMCA. It was not long before his sensei there told him there was nothing left for him to teach and directed him over to Fred Okimura's Montreal Seidokan dojo. He continued practicing while in high school, winning the Eastern Canada brown belt (ikkyu) title in 1958. The following year he won the black belt title. Although Rogers was accepted by McGill University, having been accepted to the Kodokan, Rogers boarded a plane for Japan in 1960.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Biography", "target_page_ids": [ 567684, 7954681, 87241, 3009731, 142512, 490771, 7954643, 1447316 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 219, 229 ], [ 277, 285 ], [ 286, 290 ], [ 319, 325 ], [ 439, 443 ], [ 582, 592 ], [ 632, 649 ], [ 679, 686 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "The best judo competitors at the time in Japan were coming out of the police academy and universities. These competitors would visit the Kodokan for practice on a weekly basis. Training at the Kodokan, Rogers made an effort to train with the judoka from the police academy and nearby Takushoku University (Takudai). It was in this way that he got to meet Masahiko Kimura, who was the coach of Takudai University and one of its more famous alumni.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Biography", "target_page_ids": [ 2209437, 1447316, 925472, 743006 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 70, 84 ], [ 137, 144 ], [ 284, 304 ], [ 355, 370 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Able to hold his own against top judoka in Japan, the Canadian Olympic Committee, in search of medal hopefuls and, moreover, pleased that he was already in Japan where the Olympics were to be held, recruited Rogers. Rogers decided, however, to return to Canada to compete in the national championships, and the Olympic Committee were at first reluctant to pay for Rogers' airfare back to Japan. Eventually they settled for paying for a one-way ticket.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Biography", "target_page_ids": [ 939400 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 54, 80 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Rogers' day at the Olympics is best described by Frank Moritsugu, a contemporary of his:", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Biography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "With coach Frank Hatashita at matside, on that October 1964 day at the Budokan, Doug had an easy time in the early rounds. In the semis he clearly decisioned a tough opponent, the bull-like Soviet competitor P. Chikviladze, eliminating one of the possible winners. Then came the heavy weight finals where his opponent was Isao Inokuma, the all-Japan champion. Inokuma was shorter and many pounds lighter but much more experienced and perhaps Japan's supreme judo technician. And he was an occasional training partner of Rogers at the Kodokan. Theirs was a hard-fought match which we watched agonizingly on our TV sets here in Canada. Neither man could throw the other cleanly although both managed to complete throws which ended off the tatami. At the end of a truly championship bout, it was a narrow decision for Inokuma but with his silver medal, Doug Rogers had become Canada's first judoka to mount the Olympic medal podium at the first Olympics where judo was included.<ref name=jo4></ref></blockquote> Parts of Rogers' silver medal-winning performance against Isao Inokuma at the Tokyo 1964 Summer Olympics are included in the documentary film Tokyo Olympiad (1965) directed by Kon Ichikawa.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Biography", "target_page_ids": [ 15475019, 429484, 354367, 15475019, 83238, 3645242, 16849 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 322, 334 ], [ 737, 743 ], [ 908, 921 ], [ 1067, 1079 ], [ 1093, 1113 ], [ 1151, 1165 ], [ 1185, 1197 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "After the Olympics, Rogers trained full-time with Kimura and the Takudai team. In the summer of 1965 Rogers participated in the All-Japan University Championships as a member of the Takushoku University team and helped them bring the winner's pennant back to Takudai for the first time in several years. Not only was Doug the first non-Asian foreigner to take part in this tournament, he was also named the tournament's best fighter.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Biography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Rogers felt very close to Kimura, regarded him as a father figure and stayed in touch with him until his death in 1993. Kimura demanded a very high level of physical fitness and concentrated on training simple, strong judo moves. His training style was somewhat informal compared to the strict etiquette and bowing rituals practiced in the western world to this day. Kimura often came onto the mats in sweat pants and threw on a judogi only as needed to demonstrate a technique.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Biography", "target_page_ids": [ 2025330 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 429, 435 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Despite being encouraged by Kimura to stay another year, Rogers decided to return to Canada to pursue becoming a professional pilot, having attained a private operator's license at age 16. After a summer tour with the Takudai team to a number of Japanese universities, Rogers left Japan in 1965, seen off by his teammates carrying their winner's pennants and by his coach Masahiko Kimura.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Biography", "target_page_ids": [ 743006 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 372, 387 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Doug Rogers went on to win gold at two Pan-American games and several Canadian National championships. Another mark of his judo skill is his taking of 5th place at the 1972 Olympics despite having been out of serious training for many years. Once in Canada, he was spending hours a day in a cockpit rather than on the mats. He no longer had Kimura as a coach nor did he have the quality of practice opponents that a world champion needed.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Biography", "target_page_ids": [ 948947 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 168, 181 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Rogers retired from a career as an airline pilot. He was married with four grown children. Although less active in judo later in life, he still went to local tournaments and was often an invited guest/coach at clubs throughout Greater Vancouver, British Columbia.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Biography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Judo in Quebec", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 68464566 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 15 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Judo in British Columbia", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 68434799 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 24 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Judo in Canada", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 36612351 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 14 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " List of Canadian judoka", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 36821420 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 24 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " A Master's thesis in Anthropology about Rogers, written by his daughter.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Further reading", "target_page_ids": [ 300215, 569 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 3, 18 ], [ 22, 34 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Judoka 1965 documentary about Rogers and his life in Japan after winning silver at the 1964 Olympics (National Film Board of Canada)", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [ 156732 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 102, 131 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Tokyo Olympiad - film by Kon Ichikawa (Criterion Collection)", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "1941_births", "2020_deaths", "Canadian_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Japan", "Canadian_male_judoka", "Canadian_people_of_British_descent", "Commercial_aviators", "Judoka_at_the_1964_Summer_Olympics", "Judoka_at_the_1972_Summer_Olympics", "Olympic_judoka_of_Canada", "Olympic_medalists_in_judo", "Olympic_silver_medalists_for_Canada", "People_from_Truro,_Nova_Scotia", "Sportspeople_from_Montreal", "Sportspeople_from_Nova_Scotia", "Sportspeople_from_Vancouver", "Takushoku_University_alumni", "Medalists_at_the_1964_Summer_Olympics", "Pan_American_Games_gold_medalists_for_Canada", "Pan_American_Games_silver_medalists_for_Canada", "Pan_American_Games_medalists_in_judo", "Judoka_at_the_1967_Pan_American_Games", "Medalists_at_the_1967_Pan_American_Games" ]

[ "Alfred Harold Douglas Rogers", "Alfred Rogers" ]

[ { "plaintext": "Obertruppführer (, \"senior troop leader\") was a paramilitary rank of the Nazi Party that was used between the years of 1932 and 1945. The rank is most closely associated with the Sturmabteilung (SA), but also was an early rank of the Schutzstaffel (SS) in that group's formative years.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 146730, 21736, 54378, 27040 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 48, 60 ], [ 73, 83 ], [ 180, 194 ], [ 235, 248 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Translated as “Senior Troop Leader”, Obertruppführer traces its origins to the rank of Truppführer which was a title used by Stormtrooper Companies (Shock Troops) during the First World War. As an SA rank, Obertruppführer was created in 1932 due to the SA's expansion and growing membership. The rank of Obertruppführer was junior to Haupttruppführer and typically served as a senior non-commissioned officer rank equivalent to a Platoon Sergeant in other military organizations.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 1426299, 1073621, 4764461, 1239525, 1431899, 166680, 166654 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 87, 98 ], [ 125, 137 ], [ 174, 189 ], [ 198, 205 ], [ 336, 352 ], [ 386, 410 ], [ 432, 439 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "As an SS rank, Obertruppführer was used by the SS between the years of 1932 and 1934. An SS-Obertruppführer carried similar duties to their SA counterparts and the rank was also used in the very early days of the SS-Verfügungstruppe (SS-VT).", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 670902, 1055984 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 6, 13 ], [ 214, 233 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Obertruppführer was abolished as an SS rank after the Night of the Long Knives (1934), when the rank was renamed as SS-Hauptscharführer. Obertruppführer survived as a rank of the SA until the fall of Nazi Germany in 1945. The insignia for Obertruppführer consisted of two button pips and a silver stripe centered on a collar patch.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 53901, 1417819 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 54, 78 ], [ 119, 135 ] ] } ]

[ "Nazi_paramilitary_ranks" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "Meshach Taylor (; April 11, 1947 June 28, 2014) was an American actor. He was best known for his role as Anthony Bouvier on the CBS sitcom Designing Women (1986–93), for which he was nominated for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Comedy Series. He was also known for his portrayal of Hollywood Montrose, a flamboyant window dresser, in the film Mannequin and its sequel in 1992 He played Sheldon Baylor on the CBS sitcom Dave's World (1993–97), appeared as Tony on the NBC sitcom Buffalo Bill opposite Dabney Coleman, and appeared as the recurring character Alastair Wright, the social studies teacher (and later school principal) on the Nickelodeon sitcom Ned's Declassified School Survival Guide.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 37653, 180225, 3626593, 862471, 882050, 1822008, 21780, 4910378, 154549, 1249859 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 129, 132 ], [ 140, 155 ], [ 202, 274 ], [ 337, 347 ], [ 376, 385 ], [ 453, 465 ], [ 501, 504 ], [ 512, 524 ], [ 670, 681 ], [ 689, 729 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Taylor was born in Boston, Massachusetts, the son of Hertha Mae (née Ward) and Joseph T. Taylor, former dean of students at Dillard University in New Orleans, who was also the first dean of arts and sciences at Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Early life", "target_page_ids": [ 24437894, 20517737, 1642893, 717789, 53842, 482161 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 19, 40 ], [ 79, 95 ], [ 104, 108 ], [ 124, 142 ], [ 146, 157 ], [ 211, 262 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "After the family moved from New Orleans to Indianapolis, Taylor graduated from Crispus Attucks High School in 1964, where he took an interest in acting, and went on to study in the dramatic arts programs at Wilmington College (Ohio) and Florida A&M University. Leaving Florida A&M a few credits shy of graduation, he worked in Indianapolis as a State House reporter for AM radio station WIFE (now WTLC), where he used the on-air name Bruce Thomas, and as the host of a community-affairs program on television station WLWI (now WTHR), as Bruce Taylor. Many years later, in May 1993, he received his bachelor's degree in theatre arts from Florida A&M.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Early life", "target_page_ids": [ 57707, 4562679, 412679, 567768, 3232844, 2087264, 188874, 20913771 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 43, 55 ], [ 79, 106 ], [ 207, 225 ], [ 237, 259 ], [ 397, 401 ], [ 527, 531 ], [ 598, 615 ], [ 619, 631 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Taylor's first professional acting gig was in a national tour of Hair. He honed his craft in repertory theater as a member of Chicago's Goodman Theatre, and the Organic Theater Company alongside Joe Mantegna, André DeShields, Dennis Franz, Keith Szarabajka, Jack Wallace, and director Stuart Gordon. While in Chicago, he appeared in David Rabe's Streamers, Native Son (1979 Joseph Jefferson Award Nomination for Actor in a Principal Role in a Play), The Island and Athol Fugard’s Sizwe Banzi Is Dead, for which he garnered the 1977 Joseph Jefferson Award for Actor in a Principal Role in a Play. He received an Emmy Award for his role as Jim in the WTTW production of Huckleberry Finn and hosted the Chicago television show Black Life. In 1998, Taylor made his Broadway debut as Lumiere in Beauty and the Beast, where he starred alongside Toni Braxton. In September 2012, he appeared in Year of the Rabbit at Ensemble Studio Theater-LA as Vietnam veteran JC Bridges.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Career", "target_page_ids": [ 67898, 2460041, 3637191, 422137, 3648861, 704976, 2554475, 2872016, 11887813, 10984546, 692334, 10985904, 189763, 21326674, 725252, 2015315, 495350 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 65, 69 ], [ 136, 151 ], [ 161, 184 ], [ 195, 207 ], [ 209, 224 ], [ 226, 238 ], [ 240, 256 ], [ 285, 298 ], [ 374, 396 ], [ 450, 460 ], [ 465, 477 ], [ 480, 499 ], [ 649, 653 ], [ 668, 684 ], [ 761, 769 ], [ 790, 810 ], [ 839, 851 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In 1977, Taylor moved to Los Angeles, where he crafted a gallery of memorable characters in film and on television, including his Emmy nominated turn in the CBS sitcom Designing Women. Taylor played Anthony Bouvier, the deliveryman at the fictitious Sugarbaker interior design firm in Atlanta, Georgia. In 1989, he received an Emmy nomination for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Comedy Series. In May 1981, the ninth season of M*A*S*H, he was seen as a corpsman in the final episode, \"The Life You Save\".", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Career", "target_page_ids": [ 180225, 156045 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 168, 183 ], [ 430, 437 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "From 1993–97, he was a series regular as plastic surgeon Sheldon Baylor on Dave's World (CBS), and had a recurring role as Alastair Wright, the history teacher turned school principal, on Nickelodeon's sitcom, Ned's Declassified School Survival Guide (2004–07) and Buffalo Bill on NBC with Dabney Coleman.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Career", "target_page_ids": [ 1822008, 154549, 1249859, 4910378, 582584 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 75, 87 ], [ 188, 199 ], [ 210, 250 ], [ 265, 277 ], [ 290, 304 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Other appearances include: The Unit, Jessie, Hannah Montana as a fashion designer, All of Us as Neesee's father, The Drew Carey Show, Static Shock, Caroline in the City, Aaahh!!! Real Monsters, Women of the House, In the Heat of the Night, Punky Brewster, What's Happening Now!!, Hill Street Blues, ALF, Melba, The Golden Girls, Cagney & Lacey, Barney Miller, Lou Grant, The White Shadow, The Incredible Hulk, Timmy to the Rescue, and Barnaby Jones.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Career", "target_page_ids": [ 3860279, 31430611, 3744098, 2778428, 7051503, 401610, 867573, 342083, 1990623, 98510, 103928, 842662, 203208, 245934, 30031473, 217200, 654945, 543470, 1024556, 2637109, 1140407, 576910 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 27, 35 ], [ 37, 43 ], [ 45, 59 ], [ 83, 92 ], [ 113, 132 ], [ 134, 146 ], [ 148, 168 ], [ 170, 192 ], [ 194, 212 ], [ 214, 238 ], [ 240, 254 ], [ 256, 278 ], [ 280, 297 ], [ 299, 302 ], [ 304, 309 ], [ 311, 327 ], [ 329, 343 ], [ 345, 358 ], [ 361, 370 ], [ 372, 388 ], [ 390, 409 ], [ 437, 450 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In 1996, Taylor hosted his own series on HGTV, The Urban Gardener with Meshach Taylor, and in 1998, he hosted Meshach Taylor's Hidden Caribbean on The Travel Channel. He was a regular panelist on the 2000 revival of the television game show To Tell the Truth. He co-hosted Living Live! with Florence Henderson on Retirement Living TV in 2008 until the program was revamped as The Florence Henderson Show.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Career", "target_page_ids": [ 30876873, 925632, 13135, 469794, 3648917, 12594109 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 41, 45 ], [ 147, 165 ], [ 231, 240 ], [ 241, 258 ], [ 291, 309 ], [ 313, 333 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Taylor had been friends with actor Joe Mantegna since they appeared together in 1969 in the musical Hair. Taylor guest-starred in 2012 on Criminal Minds''' eighth season in the episode \"The Fallen\", opposite Mantegna as Harrison Scott, Rossi's former Marine sergeant with whom he served in Vietnam. In January 2014, he reprised this role in \"The Road Home\" which aired January 22, 2014, just five months before his death. Mantegna led a Criminal Minds tenth season episode \"Anonymous\", to honor Taylor on January 21, 2015.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Career", "target_page_ids": [ 422137, 67898, 2223177, 35851292, 2223177, 43175676 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 35, 47 ], [ 100, 104 ], [ 138, 152 ], [ 156, 169 ], [ 437, 451 ], [ 452, 464 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Taylor appeared in such feature films as Mannequin, On the Move, and Omen II.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "Career", "target_page_ids": [ 882050 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 41, 50 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Taylor married actress Bianca Ferguson in 1983. He had four children, three with Bianca and one from a previous marriage. His children are daughters Tamar, Esme and Yasmine and son Tariq; he had four grandchildren.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Personal life", "target_page_ids": [ 9710325 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 23, 38 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Taylor died of colorectal cancer on June 28, 2014, at his home in Altadena, California. Taylor was survived by his wife, his four children, his mother Hertha Ward Taylor, two siblings, and four grandchildren. A memorial service to celebrate his life was held at Forest Lawn Memorial Park (Hollywood Hills) on July 6, 2014.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Death", "target_page_ids": [ 206979, 107597 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 15, 32 ], [ 66, 86 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Meshach Taylor obituary at nytimes.com June 29, 2014", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "'Fresh Air' Remembers Actor Meshach Taylor NPR 'Fresh Air' host Terry Gross pays tribute to actor Meshach Taylor (April 11, 1947 – June 28, 2014) with rebroadcast of 1990 interview.", "section_idx": 7, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] } ]

[ "20th-century_American_male_actors", "21st-century_American_male_actors", "1947_births", "2014_deaths", "African-American_male_actors", "American_male_film_actors", "American_male_musical_theatre_actors", "American_male_television_actors", "Deaths_from_cancer_in_California", "Florida_A&M_University_alumni", "Male_actors_from_Boston", "Deaths_from_colorectal_cancer", "20th-century_African-American_male_singers", "21st-century_African-American_people" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "This is a list of all the champions of the mixed doubles event for the Australian Open tennis tournament.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 97851 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 71, 86 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Australian Open Results Archive: Mixed's Doubles", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "External links", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Australian Open other competitions", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "List of Australian Open men's singles champions", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 773332 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 47 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "List of Australian Open men's doubles champions", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 1444700 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 47 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "List of Australian Open women's singles champions", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 858629 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 49 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "List of Australian Open women's doubles champions", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 1721906 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 49 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Grand Slam mixed doubles", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "List of French Open mixed doubles champions", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 1733337 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 43 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "List of Wimbledon mixed doubles champions", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 735149 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 41 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "List of US Open mixed doubles champions", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 1736001 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 39 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "List of Grand Slam mixed doubles champions", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 2576913 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 42 ] ] } ]

[ "Lists_of_Australian_Open_champions", "Grand_Slam_(tennis)_champions_in_mixed_doubles", "Mixed_doubles_tennis" ]

[]

[ { "plaintext": "Rodney Maxwell Davis (April 7, 1942 September 6, 1967) was a non-commissioned officer in the United States Marine Corps who was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor for heroism above and beyond the call of duty in 1967, during the Vietnam War.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 17349325, 21021837, 40331925, 32611 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 94, 120 ], [ 129, 141 ], [ 154, 168 ], [ 235, 246 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Davis joined the Marine Corps in 1961, and was ordered to the Republic of Vietnam in 1967. In September 1967, during a search and destroy exercise as part of Operation Swift, Davis's company was attacked by enemies. When Davis's platoon retreated into a trench, Davis ran up and down his company's line and encouraged the men to fight, returning fire at the same time. When an enemy grenade came close to several men, Davis jumped on the grenade, saving his men's lives.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 59756, 297373, 959661, 182255 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 62, 81 ], [ 119, 137 ], [ 158, 173 ], [ 254, 260 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Davis was born on April 7, 1942, in Macon, Georgia, to Gordon N. Davis and Ruth A. Davis. He attended elementary school and high school there and graduated from Peter G. Appling High School, May 29, 1961.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Biography", "target_page_ids": [ 109888 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 36, 50 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Shortly after graduation, Davis enlisted in the United States Marine Corps in his hometown, August 31, 1961; then reported for recruit training with the First Recruit Training Battalion Marine Corps Recruit Depot Parris Island, South Carolina. Upon completion of recruit training in December 1961, he was transferred to the Marine Corps Base, Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, and underwent Individual Combat Training with the Second Battalion, First Infantry Training Regiment, graduating the following February.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Biography", "target_page_ids": [ 546339, 27956, 889175, 21650 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 186, 226 ], [ 228, 242 ], [ 325, 356 ], [ 358, 372 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Davis then joined Company K, 3rd Battalion, 2nd Marines, 2nd Marine Division, FMF, at Camp Lejeune and served as a rifleman until May 1964. While stationed at Camp Lejeune, he was promoted to private first class, April 1, 1962, and to lance corporal, January 1, 1964.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Biography", "target_page_ids": [ 3952181, 1583220, 6435019, 288431, 362629 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 29, 55 ], [ 57, 76 ], [ 78, 81 ], [ 193, 212 ], [ 236, 250 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "As a lance corporal, Davis was ordered to London, England, for a three-year tour of duty as a Guard with the United States Marine Detachment, Naval Activities. He was promoted to corporal on January 1, 1966, and to sergeant on December 1, 1966.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Biography", "target_page_ids": [ 234095, 219424 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 180, 188 ], [ 216, 224 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Ordered to the Republic of Vietnam in August 1967, Davis was assigned duty as a Platoon Guide with Company B, First Battalion, Fifth Marines, First Marine Division. On September 6, 1967, he was operating with his unit in the Quảng Nam Province on a search and clear mission during Operation Swift, when they were attacked by a large North Vietnamese force. Elements of the platoon were pinned down in a trench line by mortars, heavy automatic and small-arms fire. He went from man to man encouraging them on and also returning fire at the same time. An enemy hand grenade fell in the trenches his men were fighting from and without hesitation he threw himself upon the grenade. He saved his fellow Marines in this selfless act and thus earned the nation's highest military decoration: the Medal of Honor.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Biography", "target_page_ids": [ 59756, 4341005, 2936492, 1427751, 1241593, 959661, 23550210, 166654, 182255, 324499, 20353360, 2194640, 40331925 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 15, 34 ], [ 110, 125 ], [ 127, 140 ], [ 142, 163 ], [ 226, 244 ], [ 282, 297 ], [ 334, 347 ], [ 375, 382 ], [ 405, 411 ], [ 420, 426 ], [ 563, 575 ], [ 650, 680 ], [ 794, 808 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Presentation of the medal was made posthumously to Davis's widow, Mrs. Judy P. Davis, by Vice President Spiro T. Agnew in his office. The presentation is \"in the name of the Congress of the United States.\"", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Biography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Davis was survived by his wife, Judy, and two daughters, Nichola Davis and Samantha J. Davis-Steen.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Biography", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The City of Macon did not allow black decedents to be buried inside the city limits in 1967, in specific cemeteries. Davis was buried in an all-black cemetery in the city. About 2010, several white Marines were driving by Macon, including one man who was saved by Davis. They stopped to pay their respects at his gravesite and were angered to find that the wooden monument to Davis was rotting, and the cemetery was covered in weeds and had many headstones falling over. They removed all the weeds around Davis's grave and many graves around it, and cleaned up a section of the cemetery before leaving. The 1st Battalion, 5th Marines Association was informed and donations arranged. Civilians and other Marines, families, and surviving spouses accumulated over $60,000 and a large, granite monument was built at Davis's grave site. Several times a year, a gathering is organized and the entire cemetery is weeded and tended to. Donations continue to be accumulated and are now used mainly for scholarships of deserving children.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "After death", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Davis' decorations and awards include: ", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Military awards", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "The President of the United States in the name of The Congress takes pride in presenting the MEDAL OF HONOR posthumously to", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Medal of Honor citation", "target_page_ids": [ 24113, 31756 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 4, 34 ], [ 54, 62 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "for service as set forth in the following", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Medal of Honor citation", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "CITATION:", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Medal of Honor citation", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty while serving as the right guide of the Second Platoon, Company B, First Battalion, Fifth Marines, First Marine Division, in action against enemy forces in Quang Nam Province, Republic of Vietnam, on September 6, 1967. Elements of the Second Platoon were pinned down by a numerically superior force of attacking North Vietnamese Army Regulars. Remnants of the platoon were located in a trench line where Sergeant Davis was directing the fire of his men in an attempt to repel the enemy attack. Disregarding the enemy hand grenades and high volume of small arms and mortar fire, Sergeant Davis moved from man to man shouting words of encouragement to each of them firing and throwing grenades at the onrushing enemy. When an enemy grenade landed in the trench in the midst of his men, Sergeant Davis, realizing the gravity of the situation, and in a final valiant act of complete self-sacrifice, instantly threw himself upon the grenade, absorbing with his own body the full and terrific force of the explosion. Through his extraordinary initiative and inspiring valor in the face of almost certain death, Sergeant Davis saved his comrades from injury and possible loss of life, enabled his platoon to hold its vital position, and upheld the highest traditions of the Marine Corps and the United States Naval Service. He gallantly gave his life for his country.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Medal of Honor citation", "target_page_ids": [ 20353360, 11966, 324499, 797334 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 620, 632 ], [ 653, 663 ], [ 668, 674 ], [ 1393, 1420 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " The frigate was named in his honor. The decommissioned USS Rodney M. Davis hit by a missile as part of 2022 RIMPAC exercises. (U.S. Navy, courtesy DVIDS) ", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Legacy", "target_page_ids": [ 11464 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 5, 12 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "List of Medal of Honor recipients", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 1202355 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 33 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "List of Medal of Honor recipients for the Vietnam War", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "See also", "target_page_ids": [ 6060644 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 53 ] ] } ]

[ "1942_births", "1967_deaths", "American_military_personnel_killed_in_the_Vietnam_War", "United_States_Marine_Corps_Medal_of_Honor_recipients", "Recipients_of_the_Gallantry_Cross_(Vietnam)", "United_States_Marine_Corps_non-commissioned_officers", "People_from_Macon,_Georgia", "Vietnam_War_recipients_of_the_Medal_of_Honor", "Deaths_by_hand_grenade", "United_States_Marine_Corps_personnel_of_the_Vietnam_War" ]

[ "Rodney Maxwell Davis" ]

[ { "plaintext": "Jaromír Blažek (; born 29 December 1972) is a Czech former professional football goalkeeper.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 10568, 5348091 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 72, 80 ], [ 81, 91 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Born in Brno, Blažek started his career in Slavia Prague, where he got to play his first league games. After two years during which he was mainly used as a substitute, he moved to Dynamo České Budějovice to become the number one goalkeeper there. That 1992–93 season was to be the last of the Czechoslovak First League, and he decided to spend his first season in the new Gambrinus liga with Viktoria Žižkov, which turned out to be a good choice since he won his first title, the national cup. He left after only one year though, moving across Prague to FC Bohemians. They were relegated that year and Blažek, who did not want to spend a year in the Second League, was loaned for one year to his first club Slavia Prague, where again he was a substitute. Since Bohemians regained promotion the same year, he returned there and stayed for three and a half years.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 57575, 896034, 4746509, 17602192, 17651640, 2429942, 3752998, 4160713, 23844, 1004409, 7238317 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 8, 12 ], [ 43, 56 ], [ 180, 203 ], [ 252, 266 ], [ 293, 318 ], [ 372, 386 ], [ 392, 407 ], [ 480, 492 ], [ 544, 550 ], [ 554, 566 ], [ 650, 663 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "However, while his club was not performing very well, Blažek drew the attention of giants Sparta Prague, transferring there in early 2000 and winning back-to-back titles in 2000 and 2001. He went on loan to rivals Marila Příbram in 2001 but returned after one year. After that, he played almost every single game for Sparta Prague, be it league, cup or Champions League games. It was a very successful period for Blažek as he won four more titles and three national cups.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 861331, 3417993, 44220 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 90, 103 ], [ 214, 228 ], [ 353, 369 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In 2007, he decided to move abroad and was sold to German club 1. FC Nürnberg, who purchased him as a replacement for Raphael Schäfer who had left for VfB Stuttgart over the summer. Blažek was the number one there but fell sick in April and could not play the end of a season that saw Nürnberg being relegated. In June, it was announced that Blažek was returning to Sparta Prague for the following season. However, on 16 December 2011, Sparta Prague announced their decision to terminate Blažek's contract early, releasing him as a free agent. This was confirmed by the player's agent Pavel Paska.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 1070941, 8093221, 737608 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 63, 77 ], [ 118, 133 ], [ 151, 164 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "On 22 February 2014, in a league match for Jihlava against Znojmo, Blažek kept his 139th clean sheet, setting a new goalkeeper record for the Czech league.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 17668243 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 59, 65 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Blažek made his debut for the national team on 29 March 2000 in a friendly match against Australia that ended up in a 3–1 win. Due to the dominance of Petr Čech as the first-choice national team goalkeeper, Blažek was unable to make regular appearances for his nation. He was part of the Czech squad at both Euro 2000 and Euro 2004, but only played in one match during the two tournaments combined. He was also named in the Czech squad for the 2006 World Cup.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 977090, 4792249, 1031818, 729739, 532125, 372770, 157233 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 66, 80 ], [ 89, 98 ], [ 151, 160 ], [ 288, 293 ], [ 308, 317 ], [ 322, 331 ], [ 444, 458 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "He is married and has two children – Jakub and Aneta. Blažek is the cousin of tennis player Radek Štěpánek.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Personal life", "target_page_ids": [ 2101432 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 92, 106 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Source:", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Career statistics", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Viktoria Žižkov", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Czech Cup: 1994", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 4160713, 49188021 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 10 ], [ 12, 16 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Slavia Prague", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Czech First League: 1995–96", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 2429942, 12909180 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 19 ], [ 21, 28 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Bohemians 1905", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Czech Second League: 3rd Place 1997–98", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 7238317, 38292408 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 20 ], [ 32, 39 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Czech Second League: 1998–99", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 7238317, 38272996 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 20 ], [ 22, 29 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Sparta Prague", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Czech First League: 1999–2000, 2000–01, 2002–03, 2004–05, 2006–07", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 2429942, 12867817, 12867555, 12859031, 12857727, 6517196 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 19 ], [ 21, 30 ], [ 32, 39 ], [ 41, 48 ], [ 50, 57 ], [ 59, 66 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Czech First League: Runner-up 2003–04, 2008–09, 2010–11", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 2429942, 12858276, 17482809, 27678179 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 19 ], [ 31, 38 ], [ 40, 47 ], [ 49, 56 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Czech Cup: 2004, 2006, 2007", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 4160713, 34044627, 32164595, 32098422 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 10 ], [ 12, 16 ], [ 18, 22 ], [ 24, 28 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Czech Cup: Runner-up 2001", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 4160713, 38134811 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 10 ], [ 22, 26 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Vysočina Jihlava", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Czech Second League: Runner-up 2011–12", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 7238317, 32057343 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 20 ], [ 32, 39 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Czech Republic", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " UEFA European Championship: Semi-finalist 2004", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 249510, 372770 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 27 ], [ 43, 47 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Czech First League", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 2429942 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 18 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Team of the Year 1999–2000, 2002–03, 2003–04, 2008–09", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 12867817, 12859031, 12858276, 17482809 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 18, 27 ], [ 29, 36 ], [ 38, 45 ], [ 47, 54 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Most clean sheets 2002–03, 2006–07, 2009–10, 2010–11", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 12859031, 6517196, 23132874, 27678179 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 19, 26 ], [ 28, 35 ], [ 37, 44 ], [ 46, 53 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Best goalkeeper 2012–13", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 36167943 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 17, 24 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Second best goalkeeper between the years 1993–2013 by the fans' poll", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": " Player of the Month: October 2013", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Czech Footballer of the Year", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 27354657 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 28 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Personality of the League 2005–06", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 12851261 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 27, 34 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Czech First League: Oldest player in history of the Czech First League (42 years, 4 months)", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Records", "target_page_ids": [ 2429942, 2429942 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 19 ], [ 53, 71 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Czech First League: Most clean sheets in history of the Czech First League (157)", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Records", "target_page_ids": [ 2429942, 2429942 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 19 ], [ 57, 75 ] ] }, { "plaintext": " Czech First League: Most played seasons (19)", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Records", "target_page_ids": [ 2429942 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 1, 19 ] ] } ]

[ "1972_births", "Living_people", "Sportspeople_from_Brno", "Association_football_goalkeepers", "Czech_footballers", "SK_Slavia_Prague_players", "FK_Viktoria_Žižkov_players", "AC_Sparta_Prague_players", "1._FK_Příbram_players", "SK_Dynamo_České_Budějovice_players", "1._FC_Nürnberg_players", "FC_Vysočina_Jihlava_players", "Czech_First_League_players", "Bundesliga_players", "Czech_Republic_international_footballers", "Czech_Republic_under-21_international_footballers", "UEFA_Euro_2000_players", "UEFA_Euro_2004_players", "2006_FIFA_World_Cup_players", "UEFA_Euro_2008_players", "Czech_expatriate_footballers", "Expatriate_footballers_in_Germany" ]

[ "Jaromir Blazek" ]

[ { "plaintext": "Antonín Kinský (born 31 May 1975) is a Czech former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper. He played club football in the Czech Republic for nine seasons, winning the national league in 2002 with FC Slovan Liberec. He subsequently moved to Russia, where he played for Saturn Ramenskoye. During his seven years in Russia, he played 200 competitive games and was recognised as the Russian Premier League's best goalkeeper in the 2007 season.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 10568, 5348091, 1650901, 2228795, 1167698 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 65, 75 ], [ 92, 102 ], [ 209, 226 ], [ 281, 298 ], [ 392, 414 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Kinský played for his country on five occasions. He was part of the Czech Republic squad at UEFA Euro 2004 and the 2006 FIFA World Cup, although he played at neither tournament.", "section_idx": 0, "section_name": "Introduction", "target_page_ids": [ 729739, 372770, 157233 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 68, 82 ], [ 92, 106 ], [ 115, 134 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Kinský played for a number of clubs in his early career, including Dukla Prague, after which he moved to Bohemians 1905. He later spent time on loan at Motorlet Prague and EMĚ Mělník. Kinský won promotion with FC Dukla to the Gambrinus Liga, where he played for one season.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 866331, 1004409, 4427699, 27988905, 3417993, 2429942 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 67, 79 ], [ 105, 119 ], [ 144, 148 ], [ 152, 167 ], [ 210, 218 ], [ 226, 240 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Kinský joined FC Slovan Liberec in 1998, reaching the final of the 1998–99 Czech Cup in his first season. In the summer of 1999 Kinský broke his thumb, resultantly not playing for the autumn half of the 1999–2000 season and subsequently sharing goalkeeping duties with Zbyněk Hauzr in the spring. Liberec finished the season by winning the 1999–2000 Czech Cup.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 1650901, 39209401, 19174249, 39054586 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 14, 31 ], [ 67, 84 ], [ 269, 281 ], [ 340, 359 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "In July 2000, Kinský was diagnosed with infectious mononucleosis, receiving treatment at the military hospital in Prague and resultantly being unable to play in the autumn part of the 2000–01 season. The following season, he recorded consecutive clean sheets at the beginning of the campaign. Liberec went on to reach the quarter finals of the 2001–02 UEFA Cup and won the 2001–02 Gambrinus liga.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 105807, 313346, 18210406, 12867437 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 40, 64 ], [ 246, 257 ], [ 344, 360 ], [ 373, 395 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "During a UEFA Cup match in the Georgian capital of Tbilisi in October 2002, Kinský was targeted by bottles thrown onto the pitch from the crowd as the home team was defeated 1–0 in the match and 4–2 on aggregate. Three policemen were injured in the incident. He played in goal in a 4–0 league defeat against Viktoria Žižkov in October 2002, a game he described as \"probably the worst match in my life.\" November 2002 was more successful for Kinský as he saved two penalties in a UEFA Cup penalty shootout, after the second round tie against Ipswich Town had ended level after extra time. Resultantly Liberec qualified for the third round of the competition, although Kinský missed both matches against Panathinaikos due to injury. Kinský's contract at Liberec was due to expire in the summer of 2004 and he failed to agree a contract extension with the club during the 2003–04 season. He left having made a total of 137 appearances in the top division of Czech football.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 42298, 2847115, 3752998, 511302, 352843, 633242, 1053145 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 51, 58 ], [ 199, 211 ], [ 308, 323 ], [ 488, 504 ], [ 541, 553 ], [ 576, 586 ], [ 702, 715 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Kinský joined Russian side Saturn Ramenskoye in January 2004, initially signing a three-year contract. Kinský joined the team on 6 January in Turkey at their training camp ahead of the 2004 Russian Premier League. He started the first six matches of the 2004 season as a substitute, before becoming the club's first-choice goalkeeper. In 2005, he was vice captain for the team, captaining the side in the absence of captain Viktor Onopko.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 2228795, 13031460, 2401985, 1133084 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 27, 44 ], [ 185, 212 ], [ 271, 281 ], [ 424, 437 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Following the 2006 World Cup, Kinský signed a contract extension to stay at the club for another three years. He was named the best goalkeeper of the Russian Football Premier League in 2007. He kept his 100th top division clean sheet in a match against Tomsk in September 2008, becoming the 17th Czech goalkeeper to reach this figure. In October 2008, Kinský was offered the chance to move to Chelsea to be the backup goalkeeper for Petr Čech, an offer which he rejected. In November 2010 Kinský played his 200th competitive match for the club. Before the last game of the 2010 season, he was presented with a football shirt with the number 201 on it, intended to represent the number of games he had played for the club. However, due to injury Kinský was unable to take part in the match, so 200 was his actual number of competitive appearances. He left Saturn upon the expiry of his contract in December 2010.", "section_idx": 1, "section_name": "Club career", "target_page_ids": [ 1167698, 2283984, 7473, 1031818 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 150, 181 ], [ 253, 258 ], [ 393, 400 ], [ 433, 442 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Kinský played for the under-17 team of Czechoslovakia in 1992, making two appearances. He went on to make three appearances for the Czech Republic national under-21 football team in 1997.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 4015791 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 132, 178 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Kinský was called up to the Czech Republic national team by coach Karel Brückner before their participation in two friendly matches in Cyprus in February 2002. He was one of three uncapped goalkeepers named in the squad, the others being Petr Čech and Martin Vaniak. He made his debut in Cyprus on 13 February, playing the second half of the game against the host country in a 4–3 win.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 4783398, 977090, 1031818, 4746000 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 66, 80 ], [ 115, 131 ], [ 238, 247 ], [ 252, 265 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Kinský was named in the Czech Republic squad for two major tournaments, UEFA Euro 2004 and the 2006 FIFA World Cup, but didn't play in either competition. He played in a total of five matches for his national team between 2002 and 2004. He also made one appearance for the \"A2\" team of his country in 2006, playing the second half of a match against Turkey B on 1 March.", "section_idx": 2, "section_name": "International career", "target_page_ids": [ 372770, 157233, 30832785 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 72, 86 ], [ 95, 114 ], [ 350, 358 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Kinský became a goalkeeping coach for the youth team of FC Tempo Prague after finishing his playing career, stating his desire to work as a goalkeeping coach in professional football in the future, but not as a head coach.", "section_idx": 3, "section_name": "Post-playing career", "target_page_ids": [ 31122752, 533149 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 56, 71 ], [ 211, 221 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Kinský studied Russian at school. He and his wife, Martina, have two children, Tonda and Andrea, who both take part in sports. His son played youth football for FC Tempo Prague in 2012.", "section_idx": 4, "section_name": "Personal life", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Source:", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Career statistics", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Source:", "section_idx": 5, "section_name": "Career statistics", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Slovan Liberec", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "Gambrinus Liga: 2001–02", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 2429942, 12867437 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 14 ], [ 16, 23 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Czech Cup: 1999–2000", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 4160713, 39054586 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 9 ], [ 11, 20 ] ] }, { "plaintext": "Czech Republic", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [], "anchor_spans": [] }, { "plaintext": "UEFA European Championship semi-finalist: 2004", "section_idx": 6, "section_name": "Honours", "target_page_ids": [ 249510, 372770 ], "anchor_spans": [ [ 0, 26 ], [ 42, 46 ] ] } ]

[ "Living_people", "1975_births", "Footballers_from_Prague", "Association_football_goalkeepers", "Czech_footballers", "Czech_Republic_under-21_international_footballers", "Czech_Republic_international_footballers", "Czech_expatriate_footballers", "UEFA_Euro_2004_players", "2006_FIFA_World_Cup_players", "Czech_First_League_players", "Dukla_Prague_footballers", "1._FK_Příbram_players", "FC_Slovan_Liberec_players", "FC_Saturn_Ramenskoye_players", "Russian_Premier_League_players", "Expatriate_footballers_in_Russia" ]

[ "Antonin Kinsky" ]