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Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: Why do they call them soap opera? | Context: A soap opera is an ongoing drama serial on television or radio, featuring the lives of many characters and their emotional relationships.[1] The term soap opera originated from radio dramas being sponsored by soap manufacturers.[2] | Answer: , | The term soap opera originated from radio dramas being sponsored by soap manufacturers | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: When was the last season of ER? | Context: The fifteenth and final season of the American fictional drama television series ER premiered on September 25, 2008 and concluded on April 2, 2009, in a two-hour episode preceded by a one-hour retrospective special. The season consists of 22 episodes. | Answer: , | April 2, 2009 | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: When was the first Mickey Mouse film released? | Context: Mickey Mouse (originally Mickey Mouse Sound Cartoons) is a character-based series of 130 animated short films produced by Walt Disney Animation Studios. The films, which introduced Disney's most famous cartoon character, were released on a regular basis from 1928 ("Plane Crazy") to 1953 with four additional shorts released between 1983 and 2013. The series is notable for its innovation with sound synchronization and character animation, and also introduced well-known characters such as Minnie Mouse, Pluto, and Goofy. | Answer: , | 1928 | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: What's the real name of the guy called "La Bamba" in the Max Weinberg band on Late Night with Conan O'Brien? | Context: Richie "LaBamba" Rosenberg is an American trombonist originating from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He is a former member of the house band on Conan O'Brien's late-night talk shows. | Answer: , | Richie "LaBamba" Rosenberg | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: What is a rift lake? | Context: A rift lake is a lake formed as a result of subsidence related to movement on faults within a rift zone, an area of extensional tectonics in the continental crust. They are often found within rift valleys and may be very deep. Rift lakes may be bounded by large steep cliffs along the fault margins. | Answer: , | a lake formed as a result of subsidence related to movement on faults within a rift zone | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: When did Robert Schumann meet Brahms? | Context: On 30 September 1853, the 20-year-old composer Johannes Brahms arrived unannounced at the door of the Schumanns carrying a letter of introduction from violinist Joseph Joachim. (Schumann was not at home, and would not meet Brahms until the next day.) Brahms amazed Clara and Robert with his music, stayed with them for several weeks, and became a close family friend. (He later worked closely with Clara to popularize Schumann's compositions during her long widowhood.) | Answer: , | September 1853 | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: When was aluminum foil introduced by Reynolds? | Context: The company began producing aluminum foil for packaging in 1926. Reynolds Metals created the first high-speed, gravure-printed foil, aluminum bottle labels, heat-sealed foil bags for foods and foil-laminated building insulation paper. In 1940 Reynolds Metals began mining bauxite (aluminum ore) in Bauxite, Arkansas and opened its first aluminum plant near Sheffield, Alabama, the following year. In 1947, the company released Reynolds Wrap Aluminum Foil. Reynolds Metals pioneered the development of aluminum siding in 1945, and Richard S. Reynolds began predicting a growing demand for additional aluminum during peacetime. He believed new aluminum-producing facilities would need to be built to meet demand. Reynolds Metals Company leased, and later bought, six government defense plants that were up for disposal. Reynolds later expanded into non aluminum products such as plastics and precious metals, introducing Reynolds Plastic Wrap in 1982. | Answer: , | 1926 | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: Who was the first recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize? | Context: The Nobel Peace Prize was first awarded in 1901 to Frédéric Passy and Henry Dunant — who shared a Prize of 150,782 Swedish kronor (equal to 7,731,004 kronor in 2008) — and, most recently, to Denis Mukwege and Nadia Murad in 2018. | Answer: , | Frédéric Passy and Henry Dunant | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: How is Alzheimer's diagnosed? | Context: The cause of Alzheimer's disease is poorly understood.[1] About 70% of the risk is believed to be genetic with many genes usually involved.[4] Other risk factors include a history of head injuries, depression, or hypertension.[1] The disease process is associated with plaques and tangles in the brain.[4] A probable diagnosis is based on the history of the illness and cognitive testing with medical imaging and blood tests to rule out other possible causes.[5] Initial symptoms are often mistaken for normal ageing.[1] Examination of brain tissue is needed for a definite diagnosis.[4] Mental and physical exercise, and avoiding obesity may decrease the risk of AD; however, evidence to support these recommendations is not strong.[4][12] There are no medications or supplements that have been shown to decrease risk.[13] | Answer: , | history of the illness and cognitive testing with medical imaging and blood tests to rule out other possible causes | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: Who created the South Beach Diet? | Context: The South Beach Diet is a popular fad diet developed by Arthur Agatston and promoted in a best-selling 2003 book.[1][2][3] It emphasizes eating high-fiber, low-glycemic carbohydrates, unsaturated fats, and lean protein, and categorizes carbohydrates and fats as "good" or "bad".[4] Like other fad diets,[5] it may have elements which are generally recognized as sensible, but it promises benefits not backed by supporting evidence or sound science.[1][6] | Answer: , | Arthur Agatston | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: When was the People's Republic of China founded? | Context: The history of the People's Republic of China details the history of mainland China since October 1, 1949, when, after a near complete victory by the Communist Party of China (CPC) in the Chinese Civil War, Mao Zedong proclaimed the People's Republic of China (PRC) from atop Tiananmen. The PRC has for several decades been synonymous with China, but it is only the most recent political entity to govern mainland China, preceded by the Republic of China (ROC) and thousands of years of imperial dynasties. | Answer: , | October 1, 1949 | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: How many copies of Blood Omen: Legacy of Kain were sold? | Context: By 2007, the Legacy of Kain series had collectively sold over 3.5 million copies, but its commercial success has varied with each game.[127] Blood Omen surpassed Crystal Dynamics' expectations,[3][7] with reported sales figures ranging from 320,082 units to 2 million copies,[9] whereas Soul Reaver sold over 1.5 million copies, and was included on Sony's "Greatest Hits" list.[128][129] Soul Reaver 2 and Blood Omen 2 also performed well, selling in excess of 500,000 copies each and becoming Greatest Hits titles.[30][92][130] Defiance sold between 500,000 and 1 million units, but failed to live up to Eidos's sales targets.[34] | Answer: , | sales figures ranging from 320,082 units to 2 million | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: When was the last construction on Buda Castle? | Context: In 2008 an international consortium began to build an underground garage for 700 cars under the former Csikós Court. The developer was granted permission to demolish a 4.5-metre-long (15ft) section of the 15th-century castle wall. The demolition was carried out in spite of criticism from archeologists and the public.[13] The area had been previously excavated by archeologists, who discovered many important finds, including medieval children's toys and a tooth from the pet leopard of King Matthias Corvinus. Additionally, the area outside the inner walls was used as a garbage dump during the 15th–17th centuries.[14] However, financial difficulties interrupted the construction of the garage in 2009; work resumed for a short time in November 2011 but stopped again after the completion of the concrete basement slab.[15] The government granted 1.3billion forint for the completion of the project in 2015 after the half-built garage was bought by the state. [16] The castle courtyard was also used as the setting for Katy Perry's 2010 music video, "Firework", part of her Teenage Dream album. | Answer: , | 2015 | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: What political party did Sir Robert William Askin represent? | Context: Sir Robert William Askin, GCMG (4 April 1907 – 9 September 1981), was an Australian politician and the 32nd Premier of New South Wales from 1965 to 1975, the first representing the Liberal Party. He was born in 1907 as Robin William Askin, but always disliked his first name and changed it by deed poll in 1971. Before being knighted in 1972, however, he was generally known as Bob Askin. Born in Sydney in 1907, Askin was educated at Sydney Technical High School. After serving as a bank officer and as a Sergeant in the Second World War, Askin joined the Liberal Party and was elected to the seat of Collaroy at the 1950 election. | Answer: , | Liberal Party | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: What's the minor league in baseball called? | Context: Minor League Baseball is a hierarchy of professional baseball leagues in the Americas that compete at levels below Major League Baseball (MLB) and provide opportunities for player development and a way to prepare for the major leagues. All of the minor leagues are operated as independent businesses. Most are members of the umbrella organization known as Minor League Baseball (MiLB), which operates under the Commissioner of Baseball within the scope of organized baseball. Several leagues, known as independent baseball leagues, do not have any official links to Major League Baseball. | Answer: , | Minor League Baseball | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: What is the second largest city in Germany? | Context: 1. Berlin 2. Hamburg 3. Munich 4. Cologne 5. Frankfurt 6. Stuttgart 7. Düsseldorf 8. Dortmund 9. Essen 10. Leipzig | Answer: , | Hamburg | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: When was the Free City of Danzig established? | Context: The Free City of Danzig (German: Freie Stadt Danzig; Polish: Wolne Miasto Gdańsk) was a semi-autonomous city-state that existed between 1920 and 1939, consisting of the Baltic Sea port of Danzig (now Gdańsk, Poland) and nearly 200 towns and villages in the surrounding areas. It was created on 15 November 1920[1][2] in accordance with the terms of Article 100 (Section XI of Part III) of the 1919 Treaty of Versailles after the end of World War I. | Answer: , | 15 November 1920 | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: What year did they discontinue Oldsmobile? | Context: Oldsmobile was a brand of American automobiles produced for most of its existence by General Motors. Olds Motor Vehicle Co. was founded by Ransom E. Olds in 1897. It produced over 35 million vehicles, including at least 14 million built at its Lansing, Michigan factory. At the time of its closure in 2004, Oldsmobile was the oldest surviving American automobile marque, and one of the oldest in the world, after Peugeot, MAN and Tatra. | Answer: , | 2004 | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: What percentage of the U.S. population suffers from drug addiction? | Context: Based upon representative samples of the US youth population in 2011, the lifetime prevalence[note 10] of addictions to alcohol and illicit drugs has been estimated to be approximately 8% and 2–3% respectively.[15] Based upon representative samples of the US adult population in 2011, the 12 month prevalence of alcohol and illicit drug addictions were estimated at roughly 12% and 2–3% respectively.[15] The lifetime prevalence of prescription drug addictions is currently around 4.7%.[134] | Answer: , | 2–3% | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: What is the national language of Chile? | Context: The Republic of Chile is an overwhelmingly Spanish-speaking country, with the exceptions of isolated native and immigrant communities. According to Ethnologue, Chile has nine living languages and seven extinct.[1] | Answer: , | Spanish | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: What language does Jamaica speak? | Context: Jamaican Patois, known locally as Patois (Patwa or Patwah) and called Jamaican Creole by linguists, is an English-based creole language with West African influences (a majority of loan words of Akan origin)[4] spoken primarily in Jamaica and the Jamaican diaspora; it is spoken by the majority of Jamaicans as a native language. Patois developed in the 17th century, when slaves from West and Central Africa were exposed to, learned and nativized the vernacular and dialectal forms of English spoken by the slaveholders: British English, Scots and Hiberno-English. Jamaican Creole exhibits a gradation between more conservative creole forms that are not significantly mutually intelligible with English,[5] and forms virtually identical to Standard English.[6] | Answer: , | Patois | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: What is a vertebrate? | Context: Vertebrates /ˈvɜːrtɪbrɪts/ comprise all species of animals within the subphylum Vertebrata /-eɪ/ (chordates with backbones). Vertebrates represent the overwhelming majority of the phylum Chordata, with currently about 69,276 species described.[4] Vertebrates include the jawless fishes and jawed vertebrates, which include the cartilaginous fishes (sharks, rays, and ratfish) and the bony fishes. | Answer: , | species of animals within the subphylum Vertebrata | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: How many children did Richard Oastler have? | Context: After four years his failing sight forced him to give this up; in 1810 he became a commission agent, dealing in oils and dry-saltery: he also acted as a steward for the Dixons of Gledhow Hall near Leeds,[8]:173 and was used by his father from time to time to carry out work for the Fixby estate (as when in 1812 he organised precautions against the Luddites).[9]:38[lower-alpha 3] He became involved in charity work in Leeds; sick visiting with Michael Thomas Sadler and organising charitable relief of the destitute.[11] In 1816, he married Mary Tatham, daughter of Mary (née Strickland, from Leeds) and Thomas Tatham, a Nottingham grocer. Richard and Mary had two children, both of whom had died by 1819.[lower-alpha 4] Early in 1820 he went bankrupt; later that year on the death of his father, he was invited to succeed him as steward of the Fixby estate, looking after a rent roll of £18,000 per year, on an annual salary of £300. He accepted, moving to Fixby Hall in 1821.[2] When in 1827 the vicar of Halifax (in which parish Fixby lay) attempted to increase his income by 'resuming' collection of various tithes which he claimed to be 'customary', Oastler was prominent in opposition.[12] He later claimed that it was this struggle that had broken his health, leaving him liable to periodic breakdowns in health.[13] | Answer: , | two | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: When did the Byzantine Empire end? | Context: Even after Byzantine rule was restored in 1261, the empire was now a shadow of its former self, and after the end of the Crusades, the empire had little to set against the rise of the Ottoman Empire during the late medieval period, and was eventually conquered with the Fall of Constantinople in 1453. | Answer: , | 1453 | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: What is the density of a diamond? | Context: Diamond is a solid form of pure carbon with its atoms arranged in a crystal. Solid carbon comes in different forms known as allotropes depending on the type of chemical bond. The two most common allotropes of pure carbon are diamond and graphite. In graphite the bonds are sp2 orbital hybrids and the atoms form in planes with each bound to three nearest neighbors 120 degrees apart. In diamond they are sp3 and the atoms form tetrahedra with each bound to four nearest neighbors.[3][4] Tetrahedra are rigid, the bonds are strong, and of all known substances diamond has the greatest number of atoms per unit volume, which is why it is both the hardest and the least compressible.[5][6] It also has a high density, ranging from 3150 to 3530 kilograms per cubic metre (over three times the density of water) in natural diamonds and 3520 kg/m³ in pure diamond.[1] In graphite, the bonds between nearest neighbors are even stronger but the bonds between planes are weak, so the planes can easily slip past each other. Thus, graphite is much softer than diamond. However, the stronger bonds make graphite less flammable.[7] | Answer: , | ranging from 3150 to 3530 kilograms per cubic metre (over three times the density of water) in natural diamonds and 3520 kg/m³ in pure diamond | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: What is the population of Dubai? | Context: According to the census conducted by the Statistics Centre of Dubai, the population of the emirate was 1,771,000 as of 2009, which included 1,370,000 males and 401,000 females.[111] As of June 2017, the population is 2,789,000.[112] The region covers 1,287.5 square kilometres (497.1sqmi). The population density is 408.18/km2 – more than eight times that of the entire country. Dubai is the second most expensive city in the region and 20th most expensive city in the world.[113] | Answer: , | 2,789,000 | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: Who starred as Cinderella in the 1997 version by Walt Disney? | Context: Rodgers & Hammerstein's Cinderella (also known as simply Cinderella)[1][2][3][4] is a 1997 American musical fantasy television film produced by Walt Disney Television, directed by Robert Iscove and written by Robert L. Freedman. Based on the French fairy tale by Charles Perrault, the film is the second remake and third version of Rodgers and Hammerstein's musical, which originally aired on television in 1957. Adapted from Oscar Hammerstein II's book, Freedman modernized the script in order to appeal to more contemporary audiences by updating its themes, particularly re-writing its main character into a stronger heroine. Co-produced by Whitney Houston, who also appears as Cinderella's Fairy Godmother, the film stars Brandy in the titular role and features a racially diverse cast consisting of Jason Alexander, Whoopi Goldberg, Bernadette Peters, Veanne Cox, Natalie Desselle, Victor Garber and Paolo Montalban. | Answer: , | Brandy | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: What station did the Please Teacher! anime show first air on? | Context: The Please Teacher! anime series premiered in Japan on the WOWOW satellite television network between January 10 and March 28, 2002, spanning a total of 13 episodes, including twelve originally premiering on television plus an OVA episode released on DVD on October 25, 2002. It was adapted very soon into a manga, serialized in MediaWorks's shōnen manga magazine, Dengeki Daioh, in January 2002, and was also later adapted into a light novel, entitled Onegai Teacher: Mizuho and Kei's Milky Diary, published in March 2003. | Answer: , | WOWOW satellite television network | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: How cold is the Antarctic Ocean? | Context: The Antarctic bottom water (AABW) is a type of water mass in the Southern Ocean surrounding Antarctica with temperatures ranging from −0.8 to 2°C (35°F), salinities from 34.6 to 34.7psu. Being the densest water mass of the oceans, AABW is found to occupy the depth range below 4000m of all ocean basins that have a connection to the Southern Ocean at that level.[1] | Answer: , | −0.8 to 2°C | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: What is the deadliest hurricane in Florida's history? | Context: In the period between 1900 and 1949, 108 tropical cyclones affected the state, which collectively resulted in about $4.5billion (2017dollars) in damage. Additionally, tropical cyclones in Florida were directly responsible for about 3,500 fatalities during the period, most of which from the 1928 Okeechobee Hurricane. The 1947 season was the year with the most tropical cyclones affecting the state, with a total of 6 systems. The 1905, 1908, 1913, 1927, 1931, 1942, and 1943 seasons were the only years during the period in which a storm did not affect the state. | Answer: , | Okeechobee Hurricane | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: What is the most common translation of the Bible? | Context: The New Revised Standard Version is the version most commonly preferred by biblical scholars.[1] In the United States, 55% of survey respondents who read the Bible reported using the King James Version in 2014, followed by 19% for the New International Version, with other versions used by fewer than 10%.[2] | Answer: , | King James Version | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: Which planet has the most moons? | Context: Jupiter has 79 moons with known orbits, of which 72 have confirmed orbits and have thus received permanent designations; of these, 52 have been named. Its eight regular moons are grouped into the planet-sized Galilean moons and the far smaller Amalthea group. They are named after lovers of Zeus, the Greek equivalent of Jupiter. Its 71 known irregular moons are organized into two categories: prograde and retrograde. The prograde satellites consist of the Himalia group and three others in groups of one. The retrograde moons are grouped into the Carme, Ananke and Pasiphae groups. | Answer: , | Jupiter | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: When did Linois's expedition to the Indian Ocean begin? | Context: Linois's expedition to the Indian Ocean was a commerce raiding operation launched by the French Navy during the Napoleonic Wars. Contre-Admiral Charles-Alexandre Durand Linois was ordered to the Indian Ocean in his flagship Marengo in March 1803 accompanied by a squadron of three frigates, shortly before the end of the Peace of Amiens. When war between Britain and France broke out in September 1803, Marengo was at Pondicherry with the frigates, but escaped a British squadron sent to intercept it and reached Isle de France (now Mauritius). The large distances between naval bases in the Indian Ocean and the limited resources available to the British commanders in the region made it difficult to concentrate sufficient forces to combat a squadron of this size, and Linois was subsequently able to sustain his campaign for three years. From Isle de France, Linois and his frigates began a series of attacks on British commerce across the Eastern Indian Ocean, specifically targeting the large convoys of East Indiamen that were vital to the maintenance of trade within the British Empire and to the British economy. Although he had a number of successes against individual merchant ships and the small British trading post of Bencoolen, the first military test of Linois squadron came at the Battle of Pulo Aura on 15 February 1804. Linois attacked the undefended British China Fleet, consisting of 16 valuable East Indiamen and 14 other vessels, but failed to press his military superiority and withdrew without capturing a single ship. | Answer: , | March 1803 | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: When did reality television first emerge? | Context: Television formats portraying ordinary people in unscripted situations are almost as old as the television medium itself. Producer-host Allen Funt's Candid Camera, in which unsuspecting people were confronted with funny, unusual situations and filmed with hidden cameras, first aired in 1948, and is often seen as a prototype of reality television programming.[2][3] | Answer: , | 1948 | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: When was the first airplane invented? | Context: The Wright brothers, Orville (August 19, 1871– January 30, 1948) and Wilbur (April 16, 1867– May 30, 1912), were two American aviators, engineers, inventors, and aviation pioneers who are generally credited[1][2][3] with inventing, building, and flying the world's first successful airplane. They made the first controlled, sustained flight of a powered, heavier-than-air aircraft on December 17, 1903, four miles south of Kitty Hawk, North Carolina. In 1904–05 the brothers developed their flying machine into the first practical fixed-wing aircraft. Although not the first to build experimental aircraft, the Wright brothers were the first to invent aircraft controls that made fixed-wing powered flight possible. | Answer: , | December 17, 1903 | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: How many people died in the Irish Confederate Wars? | Context: The death toll of the conflict was huge. William Petty, a Cromwellian who conducted the first scientific land and demographic survey of Ireland in the 1650s (the Down Survey), concluded that at least 400,000 people and maybe as many as 620,000 had died in Ireland between 1641 and 1653. The true figure may well be lower given Petty's outmoded methodology, but the lowest suggested is about 200,000. At the time, according to William Petty, the population of Ireland was only around 1.5 million inhabitants. It is estimated that about two thirds of the deaths were civilian. The Irish defeat led to the mass confiscation of Catholic owned land and the English Protestant domination of Ireland for over two centuries.[15] | Answer: , | at least 400,000 people and maybe as many as 620,000 | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: When was the Trojan War? | Context: Whether there is any historical reality behind the Trojan War remains an open question. Many scholars believe that there is a historical core to the tale, though this may simply mean that the Homeric stories are a fusion of various tales of sieges and expeditions by Mycenaean Greeks during the Bronze Age. Those who believe that the stories of the Trojan War are derived from a specific historical conflict usually date it to the 12th or 11th century BC, often preferring the dates given by Eratosthenes, 1194–1184 BC, which roughly corresponds with archaeological evidence of a catastrophic burning of Troy VII.[4] | Answer: , | 12th or 11th century BC | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: When did Walter Devereux become the 7th Baron Ferrers of Chartley? | Context: Firstly in about 1446, at the age of only thirteen,[1] he married Anne de Ferrers (d.9 January 1469), the daughter and heiress of William de Ferrers, 6th Baron Ferrers of Chartley,[2][3] and thereby became jure uxoris Baron Ferrers of Chartley (in right of his wife) on 26 July 1461.[4] His wife Anne inherited great wealth upon the death of her father. Through the marriage, the Devereux family gained Chartley Castle as well as its barony.[5] By his wife, who predeceased him by seventeen years, he had at least six children including: Sir Robert Devereux of Ferrers (c1455 to ?),[6] who was appointed a Justice of the Peace for Shropshire on 24 February 1473, and again on 8 Nov 1473. John Devereux, 8th Baron Ferrers of Chartley (1463 - 3 May 1501)[4][2] Elizabeth Devereux, who married firstly to Sir Richard Corbet of Morton Corbet, and secondly to Sir Thomas Leighton of Wattlesborough.[4][2] Anne Devereux, who married, as his first wife, Sir Thomas Tyrrell (c.1453–1510?), son of Sir William Tyrrell (slain at the Battle of Barnet in 1471) by his wife, Eleanor Darcy.[7][2][8] Isabel ("Sybil") Devereux, who married Sir James Baskerville.[4] Sir Richard Devereux[4][2] Sir Thomas Devereux[4][2] Secondly, he married a certain lady named Jane (fl.1522),[9] by whom he had no further children. She survived him and remarried thrice: firstly to Thomas Vaughan, secondly to Sir Edward Blount of Sodington, and thirdly to Thomas Poyntz (d.1501) of Alderley, Gloucestershire,[4] an Esquire of the Body of King Henry VII at the baptism of his first-born son, Prince Arthur. He was the second son of Sir Robert Poyntz (died 1520), Lord of the manor of Iron Acton in Gloucestershire, a supporter of King Henry VII at the Battle of Bosworth in 1485.[10] | Answer: , | 1446 | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: How many ships are currently in Britain's Naval forces? | Context: The Royal Navy is the principal naval warfare service branch of the British Armed Forces. As of November 2018, there are 75 commissioned ships in the Royal Navy. 20 of the commissioned vessels are major surface combatants (six guided missile destroyers, 13 frigates and one aircraft carrier), and 10 are nuclear-powered submarines (four ballistic missile submarines and six fleet submarines). In addition the Navy possesses two amphibious transport docks, 13 mine countermeasures vessels, 23 patrol vessels, four survey vessels, one icebreaker and two historic warships (Victory and Bristol). | Answer: , | 75 | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: When did Frank Russell Dancevic turn pro? | Context: The right-handed Dancevic turned pro in 2003 and reached his career high singles ranking in September 2007 at world No. 65. A native of Niagara Falls, Ontario, he was at that time the highest ranked men's Canadian singles player since Daniel Nestor, who was ranked world No. 61 in September 1999. It was Fred Niemeyer whom Dancevic overtook to become, in early 2006, Canada's top-ranked singles player. | Answer: , | 2003 | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: When did Buenos Aires become the capital of Argentina? | Context: During most of the 19th century, the political status of the city remained a sensitive subject. It was already the capital of Buenos Aires Province, and between 1853 and 1860 it was the capital of the seceded State of Buenos Aires. The issue was fought out more than once on the battlefield, until the matter was finally settled in 1880 when the city was federalized and became the seat of government, with its mayor appointed by the president. The Casa Rosada became the seat of the president.[23] | Answer: , | 1880 | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: Why do Jews wear hats? | Context: A kippah (/kɪˈpɑː/ kih-PAH; also spelled as kippa, kipa, kipah; Hebrew: כִּיפָּה, plural: כִּיפּוֹת kippot; Yiddish: קאפל koppel or יאַרמולקע) or yarmulke (/ˈjɑːrməlkə/, pronunciation /ˈjɑːməkə/) is a brimless cap, usually made of cloth, worn by male Jews to fulfill the customary requirement held by Orthodox halachic authorities that the head be covered. It is usually worn by men in Orthodox communities at all times, and according to Pewforum.org, up to 82% of the people who wear kippot identify as Orthodox.[1] Most synagogues and Jewish funeral services keep a ready supply of kippot. | Answer: , | to fulfill the customary requirement held by Orthodox halachic authorities that the head be covered | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: How many seasons did The Big Bang Theory have? | Context: In March 2017, CBS renewed the series for two additional seasons, bringing its total to twelve, and running through the 2018–19 television season.[3] On August 22, 2018, CBS and Warner Bros. Television officially announced that the twelfth season would be the series' last. This stems from Jim Parsons' decision to leave the series at the end of the season if the show were to be renewed for a thirteenth season.[1][4][5] | Answer: , | twelve | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: When did the Meiji Restoration begin? | Context: The Meiji Restoration(明治維新,Meiji Ishin), also known as the Meiji Renovation, Revolution, Reform, or Renewal, was an event that restored practical imperial rule to the Empire of Japan in 1868 under Emperor Meiji. Although there were ruling Emperors before the Meiji Restoration, the events restored practical abilities and consolidated the political system under the Emperor of Japan. | Answer: , | 1868 | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: Where did the Catholic Recollet Order originate? | Context: The Recollect branch of the Friars Minor developed out of a reform movement of the Order which began in 16th-century Spain under figures such as Peter of Alcantara, where the followers of the reform were known as Alcantarines. It was observed by communities of friars in France in Tulle in 1585, at Nevers in 1592, at Limoges in 1596 and in Paris at Couvent des Récollets in 1603. The distinctive character of Recollection houses was that they were friaries to which brothers desirous of devoting themselves to prayer and penance could withdraw to consecrate their lives to spiritual reflection. At the same time, they were also active in many pastoral ministries, becoming especially known as military chaplains to the French Army. | Answer: , | Tulle | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: When was the first Academy Awards ceremony? | Context: The 1st Academy Awards ceremony, presented by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS), honored the best films of 1927 and 1928 and took place on May 16, 1929 at a private dinner held at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel in Los Angeles, California. AMPAS president Douglas Fairbanks hosted the show. Tickets cost $5 (which would be $73 in 2018 considering inflation), 270 people attended the event and the presentation ceremony lasted 15 minutes. Awards were created by Louis B. Mayer, founder of Louis B. Mayer Pictures Corporation (at present merged into Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer). It is the only Academy Awards ceremony not to be broadcast either on radio or television. The radio broadcast was introduced the following year in 1930. | Answer: , | May 16, 1929 | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: How large does the red-eared slider get? | Context: The carapace of this species can reach more than 40cm (16in) in length, but the average length ranges from 15 to 20cm (6 to 8in).[6] The females of the species are usually larger than the males. They typically live between 20 and 30 years, although some individuals have lived for more than 40 years.[7] Their life expectancy is shorter when they are kept in captivity.[8] The quality of their living environment has a strong influence on their lifespans and well being. | Answer: , | 40cm (16in) in length, but the average length ranges from 15 to 20cm | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: How are roundworms spread to humans? | Context: Infection occurs by eating food or drink contaminated with Ascaris eggs from feces.[2] The eggs hatch in the intestines, burrow through the gut wall, and migrate to the lungs via the blood.[2] There they break into the alveoli and pass up the trachea, where they are coughed up and may be swallowed.[2] The larvae then pass through the stomach for a second time into the intestine, where they become adult worms.[2] It is a type of soil-transmitted helminthiasis and part of a group of diseases called helminthiases.[6] | Answer: , | eating food or drink contaminated with Ascaris eggs from feces | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: Where was William Penn born? | Context: William Penn was born in 1644 at Tower Hill, London, the son of English Admiral Sir William Penn, and Margaret Jasper, from a Dutch family, previously the widow of a Dutch captain, and the daughter of a rich merchant from Rotterdam.[5] William Penn, Sr. served in the Commonwealth Navy during the English Civil War and was rewarded by Oliver Cromwell with estates in Ireland. The lands were seized from Irish Catholics in retaliation for the failed Irish Rebellion of 1641. Admiral Penn took part in the restoration of Charles II and was eventually knighted and served in the Royal Navy. At the time of his son's birth, Captain Penn was twenty-three and an ambitious naval officer in charge of quelling Irish Catholic unrest and blockading Irish ports.[6] | Answer: , | Tower Hill, London | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: What is the origin of the symbol Au for gold? | Context: The symbol Au is from the Latin: aurum, the Latin word for "gold".[86] The Proto-Indo-European ancestor of aurum was *h₂é-h₂us-o-, meaning "glow". This word is derived from the same root (Proto-Indo-European *h₂u̯es- "to dawn") as *h₂éu̯sōs, the ancestor of the Latin word Aurora, "dawn".[87] This etymological relationship is presumably behind the frequent claim in scientific publications that aurum meant "shining dawn".[88] | Answer: , | from the Latin: aurum | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: What is the electrical current of lightning? | Context: The electric current of the return stroke averages 30 kiloamperes for a typical negative CG flash, often referred to as "negative CG" lightning. In some cases, a ground to cloud (GC) lightning flash may originate from a positively charged region on the ground below a storm. These discharges normally originate from the tops of very tall structures, such as communications antennas. The rate at which the return stroke current travels has been found to be around 100,000 km/s.[31] | Answer: , | 30 kiloamperes | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: What was the unemployment rate during the Great Depression? | Context: The Great Depression had devastating effects in countries both rich and poor. Personal income, tax revenue, profits and prices dropped, while international trade plunged by more than 50%. Unemployment in the U.S. rose to 25% and in some countries rose as high as 33%.[6] | Answer: , | in the U.S. rose to 25% and in some countries rose as high as 33% | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: When was Lake Victoria found by John Hanning Speke? | Context: They had also heard of a second lake to the north-east, and in May 1858, they decided to explore it on the way back to the coast. But Burton was too weak to make the trip and thus stayed in base camp when the main caravan halted again at Kazeh.[8] Speke went on a 47-day side trip that was 452 miles up and down in which he took 34 men with Bombay and Mabruki as his captains[8] and on 30 July 1858 became the first European to see Lake Victoria and the first to map it.[9] It was this lake that eventually proved to be the source of the River Nile. However, much of the expedition's survey equipment had been lost at this point and thus vital questions about the height and extent of the lake could not be answered easily. Speke's eyes were still bothering him and he only saw a small part of the southern end of the lake and his view was blocked by islands in the lake so he could not judge the size of the lake well. However, Speke did estimate the elevation of Lake Victoria at 4000 feet by observing the temperature at which water boiled at that level.[8] (This lake's being substantially higher than Lake Tanganyika did make it a more likely candidate for the source of the Nile.) | Answer: , | 30 July 1858 | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: When was the cotton gin invented? | Context: Handheld roller gins had been used in the Indian subcontinent since at earliest AD 500 and then in other regions.[2] The Indian worm-gear roller gin, invented some time around the sixteenth century,[3] has, according to Lakwete, remained virtually unchanged up to the present time. A modern mechanical cotton gin was created by American inventor Eli Whitney in 1793 and patented in 1794. Whitney's gin used a combination of a wire screen and small wire hooks to pull the cotton through, while brushes continuously removed the loose cotton lint to prevent jams. It revolutionized the cotton industry in the United States, but also led to the growth of slavery in the American South as the demand for cotton workers rapidly increased. The invention has thus been identified as an inadvertent contributing factor to the outbreak of the American Civil War.[4] Modern automated cotton gins use multiple powered cleaning cylinders and saws, and offer far higher productivity than their hand-powered precursors.[5] | Answer: , | earliest AD 500 | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: When did Geico introduce their gecko ads? | Context: The company's ads sometimes focus on its reptilian mascot, the Geico Gecko, an anthropomorphic Day Gecko, created by The Martin Agency, modified in 2005 to a CGI character by Animation Director David Hulin and his team at Framestore. The gecko first appeared in 2000, during the Screen Actors Guild strike that prevented the use of live actors.[8] The original commercial features the Gecko who climbs onto a microphone on a podium and utters "This is my final plea: I am a gecko, not to be confused with GEICO, which could save you hundreds on car insurance. So, STOP CALLING ME!" before licking his eye. Later "wrong number" ads used Dave Kelly as the voice of the gecko. In the subsequent commercials with Jake Wood[9] (which portray him as a representative of the company), the gecko speaks with a British Cockney accent because it would be unexpected, according to Martin Agency's Steve Bassett. In 2010s commercials, the gecko's accent is more working-class, perhaps in an effort to further "humanize" him.[10] | Answer: , | 2000 | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: What is the population of Buru island? | Context: As of the 2010 Census, the population of the islands administered as Buru was 161,828 people, with about ⅔ in the northern regency and ⅓ in the southern;[20] this number also includes some other small islands to the south. In the early 2000s, most of the population was concentrated in the coastal areas,[21] and comprised the following major groups: indigenous Buru (33,000 people), Lisela (13,000), Ambelau (6,000) and Kayeli people (800); migrants from Java, and migrants from other Maluku Islands. The migration to Buru was stimulated by the Dutch colonial administration in the 1900s, and by Indonesian authorities in the 1950s–1990s. The local communities speak Buru, Lisela and Ambelau languages in everyday life, however, the national Indonesian language is used as a means of international communication. It is also used for writing, as none of the local languages (except for Buru) have a writing system. Also common is Ambon dialect of Malay language (Melayu Ambon). The latter is widely used in the Maluku Islands as a second language and is a simplified form of Indonesian language with additions of the local lexicon. Some local dialects, such as the Hukumina and Kayeli, became extinct in the second half of the 20th century.[22][23] | Answer: , | 161,828 | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: When did the MTV EXIT campaign begin? | Context: The (End Exploitation and Trafficking) campaign is a multimedia initiative produced by MTV EXIT Foundation (formerly known as the MTV Europe Foundation) to raise awareness and increase prevention of human trafficking and modern slavery. The MTV EXIT Foundation is a registered UK charity [2] launched by MTV Networks Europe in 2003 to use the power and influence of MTV's brand and broadcasting network to educate young people about the social issues affecting their lives. | Answer: , | 2003 | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: When was Boeing founded? | Context: Boeing was founded by William Boeing on July 15, 1916, in Seattle, Washington.[7] The present corporation is the result of merger of Boeing with McDonnell Douglas on August 1, 1997. Former Boeing's chair and CEO Philip M. Condit continued as the chair and CEO of the new Boeing, while Harry Stonecipher, former CEO of McDonnell Douglas, became the president and chief operating officer of the newly merged company.[7] | Answer: , | July 15, 1916 | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: When did Battlestar Galactica first air? | Context: Battlestar Galactica (BSG) is an American military science fiction television series, and part of the Battlestar Galactica franchise. The show was developed by Ronald D. Moore and executive produced by Moore and David Eick as a re-imagining of the 1978 Battlestar Galactica television series created by Glen A. Larson. The pilot for the series first aired as a three-hour miniseries (comprising four broadcast hours in two parts) in December 2003 on the Sci-Fi Channel, which was then followed by four regular seasons, ending its run on March 20, 2009. The series featured Edward James Olmos and Mary McDonnell, garnering a wide range of critical acclaim, which included a Peabody Award, the Television Critics Association's Program of the Year Award, a placement inside Time's 100 Best TV Shows of All-Time,[5] and Emmy nominations for its writing, directing, costume design, visual effects, sound mixing, and sound editing, with Emmy wins for both visual effects and sound editing.[6] | Answer: , | 1978 | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: What are the jets of light coming out of black holes? | Context: An astrophysical jet is an astronomical phenomenon where outflows of ionised matter are emitted as an extended beam along the axis of rotation.[1] When this greatly accelerated matter in the beam approaches the speed of light, astrophysical jets become relativistic jets as they show effects from special relativity.[2] | Answer: , | outflows of ionised matter | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: When was Dubai founded? | Context: Dubai is thought to have been established as a fishing village in the early 18th century[31] and was, by 1822, a town of some 7–800 members of the Baniyas tribe and subject to the rule of Sheikh Tahnun bin Shakhbut of Abu Dhabi.[32] | Answer: , | 18th century | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: When was King Philip III born? | Context: Philip III (Spanish: Felipe; 14 April 1578 – 31 March 1621) was King of Spain. He was also, as Philip II, King of Portugal, Naples, Sicily and Sardinia and Duke of Milan from 1598 until his death. | Answer: , | 14 April 1578 | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: Who is president of the NFL? | Context: Roger Stokoe Goodell (born February 19, 1959) is an American businessman who is currently the Commissioner of the National Football League (NFL). On August 8, 2006, Goodell was chosen to succeed retiring commissioner Paul Tagliabue.[1] He was chosen for the position over four finalists; he won a close vote on the fifth ballot before being unanimously approved by acclamation of the owners. He officially began his tenure on September 1, 2006, just prior to the beginning of the 2006 NFL season. On December 6, 2017, the NFL announced that Goodell signed a new contract that will start in 2019.[2] Commentators have described him as "the most powerful man in sports."[3][4][5] | Answer: , | Roger Stokoe Goodell | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: What is the hardest fighter plane maneuver? | Context: In aerobatics, Pugachev's Cobra (or Pugachev Cobra) is a dramatic and demanding maneuver in which an airplane flying at a moderate speed suddenly raises the nose momentarily to the vertical position and slightly beyond, before dropping it back to normal flight. It uses potent engine thrust to maintain approximately constant altitude through the entire move.[1] Some have speculated that the maneuver may have use in close range combat,[2] although it has never been used. | Answer: , | Pugachev's Cobra | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: How many provinces are there in the Lazio region? | Context: Lazio is divided into four provinces and one metropolitan (province-level) city: | Answer: , | four | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: What was the original name of the Golden State Warriors in Philadelphia? | Context: The Warriors were founded in 1946 as the Philadelphia Warriors, a charter member of the Basketball Association of America. They were owned by Peter A. Tyrrell, who also owned the Philadelphia Rockets of the American Hockey League.[10] Tyrrell hired Eddie Gottlieb, a longtime basketball promoter in the Philadelphia area, as coach and general manager.[11] The owners named the team after the Philadelphia Warriors, an old basketball team who played in the American Basketball League in 1925.[12] | Answer: , | Philadelphia Warriors | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: When was the Nostra aetate signed? | Context: Nostra aetate (Latin: In our Time) is the Declaration on the Relation of the Church with Non-Christian Religions of the Second Vatican Council. Passed by a vote of 2,221 to 88 of the assembled bishops, this declaration was promulgated on 28 October 1965 by Pope Paul VI.[1] It is the shortest of the 16 final documents of the Council and "the first in Catholic history to focus on the relationship that Catholics have with Jews." It "reveres the work of God in all the major faith traditions."[2] It begins by stating its purpose of reflecting on what humankind have in common in these times when people are being drawn closer together. | Answer: , | 28 October 1965 | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: Who is the prime minister of the Netherlands? | Context: The Prime Minister of the Netherlands (Dutch: Minister-president van Nederland) is the head of the executive branch of the Government of the Netherlands in his quality of chair of the Council of Ministers.[1][2][3] The Prime Minister is de facto the head of government of the Netherlands and coordinates its policy with his cabinet. The current Dutch Prime Minister is Mark Rutte, in office since 2010. | Answer: , | Mark Rutte | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: When was the Republic of Cameroon founded? | Context: After World War I, the territory was divided between France and the United Kingdom as League of Nations mandates. The Union des Populations du Cameroun (UPC) political party advocated independence, but was outlawed by France in the 1950s, leading to the Cameroonian Independence War fought between French and UPC militant forces until early 1971. In 1960, the French-administered part of Cameroon became independent as the Republic of Cameroun under President Ahmadou Ahidjo. The southern part of British Cameroons federated with it in 1961 to form the Federal Republic of Cameroon. The federation was abandoned in 1972. The country was renamed the United Republic of Cameroon in 1972 and the Republic of Cameroon in 1984. Large numbers of Cameroonians live as subsistence farmers. Since 1982 Paul Biya has been President, governing with his Cameroon People's Democratic Movement party. The country has experienced tensions coming from the English-speaking territories. Politicians in the English-speaking regions have advocated for greater decentralisation and even complete separation or independence (as in the Southern Cameroons National Council) from Cameroon. | Answer: , | 1960 | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: Who is the Archbishop of Westminster? | Context: Cardinal Vincent Nichols was installed as the 11th Archbishop on 21 May 2009.[8] He was elevated to cardinal on 22 February 2014, becoming the 43rd English cardinal since the 12th century. | Answer: , | Cardinal Vincent Nichols | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: How large is the German military today? | Context: The German Army (German: Deutsches Heer) is the land component of the armed forces of Germany. The present-day German Army was founded in 1955 as part of the newly formed West German Bundeswehr together with the Marine (German Navy) and the Luftwaffe (German Air Force). As of 23October2018, the German Army had a strength of 61,721 soldiers.[2] | Answer: , | 61,721 soldiers | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: What modern-day countries are in the geographical region once covered by the Mali Empire? | Context: The Mali Empire reached its largest area under the Laye Keita mansas. Al-Umari, who wrote down a description of Mali based on information given to him by Abu Sa’id ‘Otman ed Dukkali (who had lived 35 years in Niani), reported the realm as being square and an eight-month journey from its coast at Tura (at the mouth of the Senegal River) to Muli (also known as Tuhfat). Umari also describes the empire as being south of Marrakesh and almost entirely inhabited except for few places. Mali's domain also extended into the desert. He describes it as being north of Mali but under its domination implying some sort of vassalage for the Antasar, Yantar'ras, Medussa and Lemtuna Berber tribes.[40] The empire's total area included nearly all the land between the Sahara Desert and coastal forests. It spanned the modern-day countries of Senegal, southern Mauritania, Mali, northern Burkina Faso, western Niger, the Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Guinea, the Ivory Coast and northern Ghana. By 1350, the empire covered approximately 478,819 square miles (1,240,140km2).[41] The empire also reached its highest population during the Laye period ruling over 400 cities,[42] towns and villages of various religions and elasticities. During this period only the Mongol Empire was larger. | Answer: , | Senegal, southern Mauritania, Mali, northern Burkina Faso, western Niger, the Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Guinea, the Ivory Coast and northern Ghana | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: Who defeated the Xiongnu? | Context: Hereafter, the war progressed further towards the many smaller states of the Western Regions. The nature of the battles varied through time, with many casualties during the changes of possession or loss of actual control over the western states near the frontier regions. Regional alliances also tended to shift, sometimes forcibly, when one party gained the upper hand in a certain territory over the other. The Han empire's political influence expanded deeply into Central Asia. As the situation deteriorated for the Xiongnu, civil war befell and weakened the confederation. Eventually, the Southern Xiongnu submitted to the Han empire, but the Northern Xiongnu continued to resist. Marked by significant events involving the conquests over various smaller states for control and many large-scale battles, the war resulted in the total victory of the Han empire over the Xiongnu state in 89 AD. | Answer: , | Han empire | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: What is the most popular sport in Mexico? | Context: The most popular sport in Mexico is association football followed by boxing.[1][2] However, there are regional variations: for example, baseball is the most popular sport in the northwest and the southeast of the country. Basketball, American football and bull riding (called "Jaripeo") are also popular. | Answer: , | association football | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: When did the Soviet Union end? | Context: The dissolution of the Soviet Union[lower-alpha 1] occurred on 26 December 1991, officially granting self-governing independence to the Republics of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). It was a result of the declaration number 142-Н of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union.[1] The declaration acknowledged the independence of the former Soviet republics and created the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), although five of the signatories ratified it much later or did not do so at all. On the previous day, 25 December, Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev, the eighth and final leader of the USSR, resigned, declared his office extinct and handed over its powers—including control of the Soviet nuclear missile launching codes—to Russian President Boris Yeltsin. That evening at 7:32p.m., the Soviet flag was lowered from the Kremlin for the last time and replaced with the pre-revolutionary Russian flag.[2] | Answer: , | 26 December 1991 | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: Who was the first director of the CIA? | Context: The post of DCI was established by President Harry Truman on January 23, 1946, with Admiral Sidney Souers being the first DCI, followed by General Hoyt Vandenberg who served as DCI from June 1946 to May 1947. The DCI then ran the Central Intelligence Group (CIG), a predecessor of the CIA. The office of DCI thus predates the establishment of the Central Intelligence Agency. The CIA was created by the National Security Act of 1947, which formally defined the duties of the Director of Central Intelligence. This 1947 Act also created the National Security Council. | Answer: , | Sidney Souers | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: What does it mean to study theology? | Context: Theology is basically the study of deities or their scriptures[2] in order to discover what they have revealed about themselves. While theology has turned into a secular field, religious adherents still consider theology to be a discipline that helps them live and understand concepts such as life and love and that helps them lead lives of obedience to the deities they follow or worship.[3] | Answer: , | basically the study of deities or their scriptures[2] in order to discover what they have revealed about themselves | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: What is the deepest point in Lake Baikal? | Context: Lake Baikal is the largest freshwater lake by volume in the world, containing 22–23% of the world's fresh surface water.[3][6][7] With 23,615.39km3 (5,670cumi) of fresh water,[1] it contains more water than the North American Great Lakes combined.[8] With a maximum depth of 1,642m (5,387ft),[1] Baikal is the world's deepest lake.[9] It is considered among the world's clearest[10] lakes and is considered the world's oldest lake[11] – at 25–30 million years.[12][13] It is the seventh-largest lake in the world by surface area. | Answer: , | 1,642m | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: Who assassinated Park Chung-hee? | Context: Park Chung-hee, president of South Korea, was assassinated on Friday, October 26, 1979 at 7:41 p.m. during a dinner at a Korean Central Intelligence Agency (KCIA) safehouse inside the Blue House presidential compound, in Gungjeong-dong, Seoul. The assassination was carried out by Kim Jae-gyu, the then director of KCIA and the president's security chief. Park was shot in the chest and head, and died almost immediately. Four bodyguards and a presidential chauffeur were also killed. The incident is often referred to as "10.26" or the "10.26 incident" in South Korea.[1] | Answer: , | Kim Jae-gyu | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: What is the cell membrane made of? | Context: The cell membrane (also known as the plasma membrane (PM) or cytoplasmic membrane, and historically referred to as the plasmalemma) is a biological membrane that separates the interior of all cells from the outside environment (the extracellular space) which protects the cell from its environment[1][2] consisting of a lipid bilayer with embedded proteins. The cell membrane controls the movement of substances in and out of cells and organelles. In this way, it is selectively permeable to ions and organic molecules.[3] In addition, cell membranes are involved in a variety of cellular processes such as cell adhesion, ion conductivity and cell signalling and serve as the attachment surface for several extracellular structures, including the cell wall, the carbohydrate layer called the glycocalyx, and the intracellular network of protein fibers called the cytoskeleton. In the field of synthetic biology, cell membranes can be artificially reassembled.[4][5][6] | Answer: , | lipid bilayer with embedded proteins | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: When was the Hoover Dam built? | Context: Hoover Dam is a concrete arch-gravity dam in the Black Canyon of the Colorado River, on the border between the U.S. states of Nevada and Arizona. It was constructed between 1931 and 1936 during the Great Depression and was dedicated on September 30, 1935, by President Franklin D. Roosevelt. Its construction was the result of a massive effort involving thousands of workers, and cost over one hundred lives. Originally known as Boulder Dam from 1933, it was officially renamed Hoover Dam, for President Herbert Hoover, by a joint resolution of Congress in 1947. | Answer: , | between 1931 and 1936 | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: Who is the Ranis in Fei-Ranis? | Context: The Fei–Ranis model of economic growth is a dualism model in developmental economics or welfare economics that has been developed by John C. H. Fei and Gustav Ranis and can be understood as an extension of the Lewis model. It is also known as the Surplus Labor model. It recognizes the presence of a dual economy comprising both the modern and the primitive sector and takes the economic situation of unemployment and underemployment of resources into account, unlike many other growth models that consider underdeveloped countries to be homogenous in nature.[1] According to this theory, the primitive sector consists of the existing agricultural sector in the economy, and the modern sector is the rapidly emerging but small industrial sector.[2] Both the sectors co-exist in the economy, wherein lies the crux of the development problem. Development can be brought about only by a complete shift in the focal point of progress from the agricultural to the industrial economy, such that there is augmentation of industrial output. This is done by transfer of labor from the agricultural sector to the industrial one, showing that underdeveloped countries do not suffer from constraints of labor supply. At the same time, growth in the agricultural sector must not be negligible and its output should be sufficient to support the whole economy with food and raw materials. Like in the Harrod–Domar model, saving and investment become the driving forces when it comes to economic development of underdeveloped countries.[1] | Answer: , | Gustav Ranis | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: What is a minor kingdom? | Context: A petty kingdom is a kingdom described as minor or "petty" by contrast to an empire or unified kingdom that either preceded or succeeded it (e.g. the numerous kingdoms of Anglo-Saxon England unified into the Kingdom of England in the 10th century, or the numerous Gaelic kingdoms of Ireland as the Kingdom of Ireland in the 16th century). Alternatively, a petty kingdom would be a minor kingdom in the immediate vicinity of larger kingdoms, such as the medieval Kingdom of Mann and the Isles relative to the kingdoms of Scotland or England or the Viking kingdoms of Scandinavia. | Answer: , | a kingdom described as minor or "petty" by contrast to an empire or unified kingdom that either preceded or succeeded it | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: When was Salsa popularized in the US? | Context: Salsa is a popular form of social dance originating from Cuban folk dances. The movements of Salsa are a combination of Afro-Cuban dance, Son, cha-cha-cha, mambo and other dance forms. The dance, along with salsa music,[1][2][3] saw major development in the mid-1970s in New York.[4] Different regions of Latin America and the United States have distinct salsa styles of their own, such as Cuban, Puerto Rican, Cali Colombia, L.A. and New York styles. Salsa dance socials are commonly held in night clubs, bars, ballrooms, restaurants, and outside, especially when part of an outdoor festival. | Answer: , | mid-1970s | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: Who is the current political leader of Sudan? | Context: Ismail al-Azhari, the leader of the National Unionist Party, was made president in July 1965, and ruled with limited power until he was deposed in 1969. The military officers responsible for the coup established the National Revolutionary Command Council, chaired by Gaafar Nimeiry. Nimeiry, the leader of the newly formed Sudanese Socialist Union, assumed the position of president in 1971, and subsequently established a one-party state, which existed until 1985, when a group of military officers overthrew his government and established the Transitional Military Council, led by Lieutenant-General Abdel Rahman Swar al-Dahab. Ahmed al-Mirghani succeeded to the relatively powerless position of Chairman of the Supreme Council in 1986, after multi-party elections held that year. He was deposed in a 1989 military coup led by Lieutenant-General Omar al-Bashir. Al-Bashir has served as head of state since the coup, under the title of Chairman of the Revolutionary Command Council for National Salvation to 1993 and as president from 1993 onwards (and from 1996 as the leader of the National Congress Party). | Answer: , | Lieutenant-General Omar al-Bashir | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: How long did the Maurya Dynasty last? | Context: The Maurya Empire was a geographically-extensive Iron Age historical power based in Magadha and founded by Chandragupta Maurya which dominated ancient India between 322 and 187 BCE. Comprising the majority of South Asia, the Maurya Empire was centralized by conquering the Indo-Gangetic Plain in the eastern extent of the empire and had its capital city at Pataliputra (modern Patna).[5][6] The empire was the largest to have ever existed in the Indian subcontinent, spanning over 5million square kilometres (1.9million square miles) at its zenith under Ashoka. | Answer: , | between 322 and 187 | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: What is the area of Berlin? | Context: Berlin (/bɜːrˈlɪn/; German pronunciation:[bɛɐ̯ˈliːn]) is the capital and largest city of Germany by both area and population. Its 3,723,914 (2018)[1] inhabitants make it the second most populous city proper of the European Union after London.[2] The city is one of Germany's 16 federal states. It is surrounded by the state of Brandenburg, and contiguous with its capital, Potsdam. The two cities are at the center of the Berlin/Brandenburg Metropolitan Region, which is, with 6,004,857 (2015)[3] inhabitants and an area of 30,370 square km, Germany's third-largest metropolitan region after the Rhine-Ruhr and Rhine-Main regions. | Answer: , | 30,370 square km | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: When was Li Bai born? | Context: Li Bai (701–762), also known as Li Bo, courtesy name Taibai, was a Chinese poet acclaimed from his own day to the present as a genius and a romantic figure who took traditional poetic forms to new heights. He and his friend Du Fu (712–770) were the two most prominent figures in the flourishing of Chinese poetry in the Tang dynasty, which is often called the "Golden Age of Chinese Poetry". The expression "Three Wonders" denote Li Bai's poetry, Pei Min's swordplay, and Zhang Xu's calligraphy.[1] | Answer: , | 701 | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: What was the lingua franca of the Persian Empire? | Context: Aramaic was the native language of the Aramaeans and became the lingua franca of the Assyrian Empire and the western provinces of the Persian Empire, and was adopted by conquered peoples such as the Hebrews. A dialect of Old Aramaic developed into the literary language Syriac. The Syriacs, such as the Syriac-Aramaean, Assyrian and Chaldean Christians, continued the use of Aramaic which ultimately evolved into the Neo-Aramaic dialects of the Middle East. | Answer: , | Aramaic | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: When did the Keystone XL pipeline get built? | Context: The Keystone Pipeline System is an oil pipeline system in Canada and the United States, commissioned in 2010 and now owned solely by TransCanada Corporation.[1] It runs from the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin in Alberta to refineries in Illinois and Texas, and also to oil tank farms and an oil pipeline distribution center in Cushing, Oklahoma.[2] The pipeline became well-known when a planned fourth phase, Keystone XL, attracted opposition from environmentalists, becoming a symbol of the battle over climate change and fossil fuels. In 2015 Keystone XL was temporarily delayed by then–President Barack Obama. On January 24, 2017, President Donald Trump took action intended to permit the pipeline's completion. | Answer: , | January 24, 2017 | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: What artists are part of Clamp? | Context: Clamp(クランプ,Kuranpu) is an all-female Japanese manga artist group that formed in the mid-1980s. It consists of leader Nanase Ohkawa(大川 七瀬,Ōkawa Nanase), and three artists whose roles shift for each series: Mokona(もこな,Mokona), Tsubaki Nekoi(猫井 椿,Nekoi Tsubaki), and Satsuki Igarashi(いがらし 寒月,Igarashi Satsuki). Almost 100 million Clamp tankōbon copies have been sold worldwide as of October 2007.[1] | Answer: , | Mokona(もこな,Mokona), Tsubaki Nekoi(猫井 椿,Nekoi Tsubaki), and Satsuki Igarashi(いがらし 寒月,Igarashi Satsuki) | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: When was the comic Asterix created? | Context: Asterix or The Adventures of Asterix (French: Astérix or Astérix le Gaulois [asteʁiks lə ɡolwa]) is a series of French comics. The series first appeared in the Franco-Belgian comics magazine Pilote on 29 October 1959. It was written by René Goscinny and illustrated by Albert Uderzo until the death of Goscinny in 1977. Uderzo then took over the writing until 2009, when he sold the rights to publishing company Hachette. In 2013, a new team consisting of Jean-Yves Ferri (script) and Didier Conrad (artwork) took over. As of 2017, 37 volumes have been released. | Answer: , | 29 October 1959 | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: What do geologists study? | Context: A geologist is a scientist who studies the solid, liquid, and gaseous matter that constitutes the Earth and other terrestrial planets, as well as the processes that shape them. Geologists usually study geology, although backgrounds in physics, chemistry, biology, and other sciences are also useful. Field work is an important component of geology, although many subdisciplines incorporate laboratory work. | Answer: , | the solid, liquid, and gaseous matter that constitutes the Earth and other terrestrial planets, as well as the processes that shape them | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: What is the tallest mountain in the Allegheny mountain range? | Context: The highest ridges of the Alleghenies are just west of the Front, which has an east/west elevational change of up to 3,000 feet (910m). Absolute elevations of the Allegheny Highlands reach nearly 5,000 feet (1,500m), with the highest elevations in the southern part of the range. The highest point in the Allegheny Mountains is Spruce Knob (4,863ft/1,482 m), on Spruce Mountain in West Virginia. Other notable Allegheny highpoints include Thorny Flat on Cheat Mountain (4,848ft/1478 m), Bald Knob on Back Allegheny Mountain (4,842ft/1476 m), and Mount Porte Crayon (4,770ft/1,454 m), all in West Virginia; Dans Mountain (2,898ft/883m) in Maryland, Backbone Mountain (3360ft/1024 m), the highest point in Maryland; Mount Davis (3,213ft/979 m), the highest point in Pennsylvania, and the second highest, Blue Knob (3,146ft/959 m). | Answer: , | Spruce Knob | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: When was the International Security Assistance Force started? | Context: The International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) was a NATO-led security mission in Afghanistan, established by the United Nations Security Council in December 2001 by Resolution 1386, as envisaged by the Bonn Agreement.[1][2] Its main purpose was to train the Afghan National Security Forces (ANSF) and assist Afghanistan in rebuilding key government institutions, but was also engaged in the 2001–present war with the Taliban insurgency. | Answer: , | December 2001 | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: What language is spoken Norway? | Context: The most widely spoken language in Norway is Norwegian. It is a North Germanic language, closely related to Swedish and Danish, all linguistic descendants of Old Norse. Norwegian is used by some 95% of the population as a first language. The language has two separate written standards: Nynorsk ("New Norwegian", "New" in the sense of contemporary or modern) and Bokmål ("Book Language/Tongue/Speech"), both of which are official. | Answer: , | Norwegian | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: What is the population of Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave? | Context: With a population of 7,110,214 (2005), Veracruz is the third most populous entity in the country, after the Federal District of Mexico City and the State of Mexico. Population growth has slowed in the state in the last decades, due to lower birthrates and the exodus of migrants, mostly men. Women outnumber men. One reason for the decline in birthrates is the elevation of education levels, especially among women. Another is urbanization, with about one-third of the state's population living in urban centers, especially Veracruz, Xalapa, Coatzacoalcos, Minatitlán and Papantla. Most (90%) of the state's communities, outside of municipal seats have fewer than 500 people and contain only 21% of the total population. The migration of men outside the state has put more women into the state's workforce.[53] Approximately 75% of the population is under 45 years of age and 30% under the age of 15.[55] | Answer: , | 7,110,214 | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: Who is the head coach for the 76ers? | Context: Brett William Brown (born February 16, 1961) is an American professional basketball coach who is the head coach of the Philadelphia 76ers of the National Basketball Association (NBA). Brown is a former college basketball player who previously served as an assistant coach for the San Antonio Spurs. He also has extensive experience coaching in Australia, having been the head coach of the North Melbourne Giants and Sydney Kings of the NBL and the Australia men's national team. | Answer: , | Brett William Brown | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: How many wings does a mosquito have? | Context: Mosquitoes (alternate spelling mosquitos) are a group of about 3500 species of small insects that are a type of fly (order Diptera). Within that order they constitute the family Culicidae (from the Latin culex meaning "gnat"). The word "mosquito" (formed by mosca and diminutive -ito)[2] is Spanish for "little fly".[3] Mosquitoes have a slender segmented body, a pair of wings, three pairs of long hair-like legs, feathery antennae, and elongated mouthparts. | Answer: , | pair | english |
Answer the question based on the given context. | Question: What does Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide do for the cell? | Context: In metabolism, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide is involved in redox reactions, carrying electrons from one reaction to another. The cofactor is, therefore, found in two forms in cells: NAD+ is an oxidizing agent– it accepts electrons from other molecules and becomes reduced. This reaction forms NADH, which can then be used as a reducing agent to donate electrons. These electron transfer reactions are the main function of NAD. However, it is also used in other cellular processes, most notably a substrate of enzymes that add or remove chemical groups from proteins, in posttranslational modifications. Because of the importance of these functions, the enzymes involved in NAD metabolism are targets for drug discovery. | Answer: , | carrying electrons from one reaction to another | english |