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Midland International can refer to: Midland International Airport, an airport in Texas Midland International Records, a record label See also British Midland International (BMI), an airline

AVOW is a German company that specializes in acquiring new users for app developers and brands. AVOW has partnerships with global mobile OEMs such as Xiaomi, Huawei, Vivo, OPPO, OnePlus, realme, Transsion, Itel, Tecno and Infinix. History AVOW was founded in 2018 in Berlin. It offers access to more than 1.5 billion daily active users and is able to generate over 10 million monthly app installs. On 30 November 2020, AVOW announced a partnership with Xiaomi, in which they became a marketing partner of Xiaomi outside of China. In April 2021, the company announced a partnership with another Chinese smartphone producer, OPPO. In 2021 AVOW partnered with the smartphone brand Vivo with more than 400 million active users worldwide. and with Huawei. In July 2022, Huawei Mobile Services and Kumu announced a collaborative partnership via AVOW. In October 2022, Xiaomi made AVOW its official core agency for the EMEA, Southeast Asia, and LATAM regions. In May 2023, Xiaomi appointed AVOW as its official core agency for India. In July 2023, AVOW was named as OPPO's Strategic Core Partner in Vietnam. Following this news, AVOW was also named as OPPO'S Strategic Core Partner in the Philippines as well In August 2023, AVOW launched "AVOW Intelligence", a tool for media buying with mobile OEMs. In October 2023, AVOW was named as the Gold Agency for Transsion Mobile Internet, and their ad platform Eagllwin. This partnership also made AVOW the debut Transsion Mobile Internet partner in Indonesia. References Companies based in Berlin Companies established in 2018

Suderburg is a Samtgemeinde ("collective municipality") in the district of Uelzen, in Lower Saxony, Germany. Its seat is in the village Suderburg. Samtgemeinde divisions The Samtgemeinde of Suderburg consists of 3 parishes with the following villages Samtgemeinden in Lower Saxony Uelzen (district)

Juhan Kaarlimäe (born Johann Karlsberg; 21 November 1901 Vana-Vändra Parish (now Põhja-Pärnumaa Parish), Kreis Pernau – 5 February 1977 Raikküla Selsoviet, Rapla District) was an Estonian politician. He was a member of V Riigikogu. References 1901 births 1977 deaths People from Põhja-Pärnumaa Parish People from Kreis Pernau Farmers' Assemblies politicians Patriotic League (Estonia) politicians Members of the Riigikogu, 1932–1934 Members of the Estonian National Assembly Members of the Riigivolikogu Hugo Treffner Gymnasium alumni University of Tartu alumni Estonian military personnel of the Estonian War of Independence Recipients of the Order of the White Star, 4th Class Gulag detainees

Jeroen van Wijngaarden (born 29 March 1978) is a Dutch politician who has served as a member of the House of Representatives since 2019, previously holding a seat from 2014 to 2017. He is a member of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD). Early life and career Van Wijngaarden was born on 29 March 1978 in Amsterdam. He studied change and personnel management at the Hotelschool The Hague between 1996 and 2000. He studied journalism, media and culture for one year at Cardiff University between 2002 and 2003. This was followed up by a study of Dutch law at the University of Amsterdam from 2006 to 2011. Van Wijngaarden worked in communication and public affairs for several years, including as manager at PricewaterhouseCoopers between 2011 and 2014. Political career Career in local politics Van Wijngaarden served as member of the borough council of Amsterdam-Zuid from May 2007 until April 2014, including four years as party group leader. Member of the House of Representatives On 1 July 2014 Van Wijngaarden became member of the House of Representatives for the first time when he replaced Cora van Nieuwenhuizen, who became Member of the European Parliament. His term in the House ended after the 2017 general election. Van Wijngaarden was re-admitted as member on 20 February 2019 when he succeeded Foort van Oosten, who resigned to assume the mayorship of Nissewaard. In addition to his committee assignments, Van Wijngaarden has been a member of the Dutch delegation to the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe (PACE) since 2022. In the Assembly, he serves on the Committee on Political Affairs and Democracy. References 1978 births Living people 21st-century Dutch politicians Dutch public relations people Members of the House of Representatives (Netherlands) Politicians from Amsterdam People's Party for Freedom and Democracy politicians University of Amsterdam alumni 20th-century Dutch people

Colonel March Investigates is a 1953 British film consisting of the three pilot episodes of the TV series Colonel March of Scotland Yard that were filmed in 1952, starring Boris Karloff. These episodes were "Hot Money", "Death in the Dressing Room" and "The New Invisible Man". Boris Karloff and his wife Evelyn sailed to England in July, 1952, where Karloff filmed three different pilot episodes of the Colonel March series to show to British TV executives. In 1953, when the show was green lighted, Karloff returned to England to film 23 more episodes, making a total of 26 in all, then returned to Hollywood to film Abbott and Costello Meet Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (1953). The three pilots were later compiled into the 1953 feature film called Colonel March Investigates (aka Colonel March of Scotland Yard), so that they could be shown theatrically. Karloff filmed bits of onscreen narration to help unite the three stories and these scenes are exclusive to the compilation film only. The Colonel March TV series premiered first in the United States from Dec. 1954 to Spring of 1955, with a total of 26 episodes. It was only broadcast on television in England in 1955 on Associated Television (ITV London, weekends), broadcast on 26 consecutive Saturday evenings from September 24, 1955 until March 17, 1956. Plot Karloff, in black eye patch and cloak, is Colonel March: head of the Department of Queer Complaints at Scotland Yard. He is an investigator of unusual criminal cases and activities. The film sees him solve a bank robbery (for which an innocent man was framed) and two murders involving complex tricks and disguises. Cast Colonel March – Boris Karloff Ames – Ewan Roberts Cabot – Richard Wattis John Parrish – John Hewer Joan Forsythe – Sheila Burrell Jim Hartley – Anthony Forwood Betty Hartley – Patricia Owens Mr. Bowlder – Ronald Leigh-Hunt Marjorie Dawson – Joan Sims Critical reception TV Guide wrote, "the scripts are nothing special, but Karloff is a joy to watch, as usual." References External links 1955 films 1955 crime drama films British crime drama films 1950s English-language films 1950s British films British black-and-white films

Princeton Cemetery is located in Princeton, New Jersey, United States. It is owned by the Nassau Presbyterian Church. In his 1878 history of Princeton, New Jersey, John F. Hageman refers to the cemetery as "The Westminster Abbey of the United States." Notable burials Archibald Alexander (1772–1851), Presbyterian theologian James Waddel Alexander (1804–1859), Presbyterian theologian and eldest son of Archibald Alexander Joseph Addison Alexander (1809–1860), Presbyterian biblical scholar and third son of Archibald Alexander William Cowper Alexander (1806–1874), politician, businessman and second son of Archibald Alexander Frank Anscombe (1918–2001), statistician, known for Anscombe's quartet John N. Bahcall (1934–2005), astrophysicist George Wildman Ball (1909–1994), diplomat George Dashiell Bayard (1835–1862), Civil War general Sylvia Beach (1887–1962), bookshop owner Harold H. Bender (1882–1951), philologist John Berrien (1711–1772), New Jersey Supreme Court Justice and owner of Rockingham, Washington's headquarters William G. Bowen, (1933–2016), president of Princeton University Aaron Burr (1756–1836), controversial Revolutionary War hero and politician, third vice president of the United States, killer of Alexander Hamilton, adventurer who was eventually tried and acquitted of treason Aaron Burr Sr. (1716–1757), Presbyterian minister, second president of Princeton University and father of Aaron Burr Brendan Byrne (1924–2018), 47th governor of New Jersey Alonzo Church (1903–1995), mathematician Grover Cleveland (1837–1908), 22nd and 24th president of the United States Frances Folsom Cleveland Preston (1864–1947), wife of Grover Cleveland and First Lady of the United States Ruth Cleveland (1891–1904), first child of Grover and Frances Cleveland and supposed name sake of the Baby Ruth candy bar Edward Samuel Corwin (1878–1963), author and professor of law Samuel Davies (1723–1761), president of Princeton University Erling Dorf (1905–1984), Renowned paleobotanist, professor of Geology at Princeton University Jonathan Edwards (1703–1758), president of Princeton University and Calvinist theologian Richard Stockton Field (1803–1870), US senator and New Jersey Attorney General John Huston Finley (1863–1940), author, president of Knox College and University of the State of New York Donald B. Fullerton (1892–1985), missionary and founder of the Princeton Christian Fellowship Harold Furth (1930–2002), physicist George Horace Gallup (1901–1984), pollster William Francis Gibbs (1886–1967), naval architect Kurt Gödel (1906–1978), mathematician Michael Graves (1934–2015), architect and product designer Peter Charles Harris (1865–1951), adjutant general of the U.S. Army Charles Hodge (1797–1878), Calvinist theologian David Hunter (1802–1886), Civil War General Louis "Lajos" Jambor (1884–1954), Hungarian-born American painter, illustrator and muralist. William Hallock Johnson (1865–1963), president of Lincoln University in Pennsylvania Joseph Kargé (1823–1892), Civil War General and Princeton University professor George Frost Kennan (1904–2005), diplomat Alan Krueger (1960–2019), economist Frank Lewin (1925–2008), composer David Kellogg Lewis (1941–2001), philosopher Edward Parke Custis Lewis (1837–1892), diplomat John Maclean Jr. (1800–1886), president of Princeton University Robert McNutt McElroy (1872–1959), historian and professor of history at Princeton University, Oxford University, and Cambridge University José Menéndez (1944–1989) and Mary Louise (Kitty) Menéndez (1941–1989), murder victims of their sons, Lyle and Erik Menéndez John O'Hara (1905–1970), author of Appointment in Samarra, BUtterfield 8, and many short stories Moses Taylor Pyne (1855–1921), financier, philanthropist and owner of Drumthwacket Estate Roger Atkinson Pryor (1828–1919), Special US Minister to Greece, US congressman from Virginia, Confederate congressman and general, journalist, New York Supreme Court justice William Drew Robeson (1844–1918), father of singer, actor and activist Paul Robeson Henry Norris Russell (1877–1957), astronomer William Milligan Sloane (1850–1928), first US Olympic Committee president Howard Alexander Smith (1880–1966), US senator from New Jersey John P. Stockton (1826–1900), New Jersey attorney general and U.S. senator Richard Stockton (1764–1828), U.S. senator from New Jersey Robert Field Stockton (1795–1866), naval officer Lyman Spitzer (1914–1997), astronomer John Renshaw Thomson (1800–1862), U.S. senator from New Jersey William G. Thompson (1840–1904), mayor of Detroit Augustus Trowbridge (1870–1934), professor and dean at Princeton University John W. Tukey (1915–2000), statistician Paul Tulane (1801–1887), Tulane University benefactor John von Neumann (1903–1957), mathematician Benjamin Breckinridge Warfield (1851–1921), Presbyterian theologian Canvass White (1790–1834), engineer and inventor Eugene Paul Wigner (1902–1995), Nobel Prize-winning physicist John Witherspoon (1723–1794), signer of the Declaration of Independence William Willet (1867–1921), portraitist and stained glass designer Gallery References External links Nassau Presbyterian Church: Princeton Cemetery Princeton Online: Princeton Cemetery A photographic tour through Princeton Cemetery Cemeteries in Mercer County, New Jersey Princeton, New Jersey Presbyterian Protestant Reformed cemeteries 1757 establishments in New Jersey Historic district contributing properties in Mercer County, New Jersey Tombs of presidents of the United States

George Mifflin Dallas (February 7, 1839 – January 21, 1917) was a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit and of the United States Circuit Courts for the Third Circuit. Education and career Born on February 7, 1839, in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, Dallas read law in 1859. He entered private practice in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania starting in 1859. He was a Professor of Law for the University of Pennsylvania. Federal judicial service Dallas was nominated by President Benjamin Harrison on December 16, 1891, to the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit and the United States Circuit Courts for the Third Circuit, to a new joint seat authorized by 26 Stat. 826. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on March 17, 1892, and received his commission the same day. His service terminated on May 24, 1909, due to his retirement. Death Dallas died on January 21, 1917. References Sources 1839 births 1917 deaths Lawyers from Pittsburgh Judges of the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit United States federal judges appointed by Benjamin Harrison 19th-century American judges 19th-century American politicians United States federal judges admitted to the practice of law by reading law

DRB LasGidi (previously known as "Rap Royals") is a Nigerian musical group. It was formed in 2007 by Tobi Ajayi, Tobenna Ofili, and Ladi Lanre. Teniola Zaccheaus joined later. History Rap Royals officially kicked off with rapping and singing. They recorded over 5 tracks a day, made various freestyles to other known instrumentals and started to get a 'buzz' within their circle. Tobenna wrote the hooks with Tobi, while Ladi, and Teniola handled the rapping. Ladi became known as Fresh L, Teniola as TZ (TeeZee) and Tobi as Tobias. Their first CD was "Coronation Vol.1". Dayo Ogundare, BOJ and others appeared on this mixtape. "Marry You" was released over email. This was their first afrobeats track as a group. BOJ and Tobenna made the beat and laid down verses, while Fresh L rapped. It found favor on party playlists and then on a Lagos radio station. Bolaji Odojukan aka BOJ then joined the group. Initially, he rapped on a few tracks, then left his unique vocals for a moment after 'Marry You' was recorded. DRB The group started working with producer Ife Otedola. "Wait A Minute" got positive reviews, with rapper J.Rah jumping in. Originally a solo artist, he affiliated with Rap Royals. They performed at Concrete Rose. The group changed its name to DRB (Double R "Rap Royals" Boys). New members included 3feat, Yung Didz and IC. Gidilounge made a viral interview video. "She Likes To" freestyle, involved non-DRB rappers. In 2008, the "Beats N Bars" mixtape was made by FreshL and Tobenna with an appearance from 3feat. In 2009, "Hooks N Bars" mixtape was made and in 2010 "HarDrive" mixtape was made, featuring JRah, Costels, Phlowz, Stan and Davido, with production from Adey. "Bad Man Jump" was DRB's single of that year and in the summer, the track took off with over 10,000 downloads. DRB LasGidi/Creative Elevation In 2011, as the team expanded, a decision was made to include Phlowz, Stan, Woodsy and Uzee as part of TeamDRB. Later that year, the team divided into Afro-beats vs UK. TZ, FreshL and BOJ were now DRB LasGidi (Afro-beats) while the rest were now Creative Elevation (CE) founded by Phlowz and Tobenna. Collectively, the movement is known as CEDRB, with their close friends Joey, Jerry, Ik, Ausboss and KC moving in with the group. DRB LasGidi focused on the African market. Tenny Karim (known as TK) became their manager, working with BOJ, FreshL and TZ. He had connections in the industry. Their first release was one of BOJ's 2008 vocals that they repolished, becoming "Gra Gra". Fresh L was up next with "Bring Out The Rose" dropping in October, featuring TeeZee and produced by Adey. This was a "banger" according to DJ's and was played in clubs and on radio. TeeZee released his own track, "Swagga Mi Gbono" featuring BOJ, produced by K-Logic. This was also a club hit and got radio play. Old fans were excited about this new force, and DRB LasGidi generated a lot more supporters between July and December 2011. In Christmas of that year, BOJ and TeeZee made a trip to Lagos, and Fresh L stayed in London to work on some music, hoping to gain inspiration. 2012, LXIX was made and released 3 days before DRBs first single "Toyin", which was produced by DJ Caise. This track was a hit with about 25,000 downloads in the first month and over 20,000 plays on blogs. FJ Ayodeji joined DRB LasGidi as their assistant manager and handled the finance from tours and bookings, Papi YT became creative director and Ola (Bado) gave fashion inspiration and was a major advisor. He and his team, MV (Jimmy & Anthony), are closely affiliated to DRB. Wunmi Bakare handles public relations. She also works for one of Nigeria's biggest female artists, Tiwa Savage. The music video for "Toyin" was released during the summer of 2012 with DRB's 2nd single due to be released. Discography Albums Solo discography References External links DRB LasGidi on Tumblr Musical groups established in 2007 Afrobeats musicians Nigerian alté singers

Equinox（, Foaled March 23, 2019）is a Japanese Thoroughbred racehorse. He won both of his races as a two-year-old in 2021 taking the Grade II Tokyo Sports Hai Nisai Stakes on his second start. He showed good form in the early part of his second season as he finished second in both the Satsuki Sho and the Tokyo Yushun before emerging as a world-class performer in the autumn when he took the Tenno Sho and the Arima Kinen. He was voted Japanese Horse of the Year for 2022. On his first appearance as a four-year-old he won the Dubai Sheema Classic. Then after a three month spell, he won the Takarazuka Kinen. Background Equinox is a first crop of Kitasan Black. Kitasan Black, who was owned by enka singer Saburo Kitajima, won seven GI races during his career. His dam, meanwhile, was Chateau Blanche, a winner of the Mermaid Stakes. Her sire was Takamatsunomiya Kinen winner King Halo. Equinox was foaled at the Northern Farm in Abira, Hokkaido on March 23, 2019. He was owned by Silk Racing, an organization that offers stakes in horse ownership (Hitokuchi Banushi; ) for a total of 40 million yen (500 shares with each share sold for 80,000 yen), and was raised at Northern Farm Hayakita. According to the manger chief Yuki Kuwata, based on how his body grew as well as distance aptitude, the goal was set to be Kikuka Sho, the same race his sire won in 2015. He was later put to training with Tetsuya Kimura of Miho Training Center. Racing career 2021: two-year old season Equinox made his debut at a 1800 meter long maiden race on August 28 at Niigata Racecourse with Christophe Lemaire as his jockey. During the race, he came in to the lead on the final stretch, passing Circle of Life and the other horses, finishing the race with a six length lead. The acceleration Equinox showed surprised Kuwata, who had thought the horse was going to be more of a stayer. Equinox's next race was the Tokyo Sports Hai Nisai Stakes (GII) held on November 20, where he was the most favored. During the race, the horse stayed with the pack, only to pass the others on the final stretch with the record of 32.9 seconds for the final 3 furlongs and winning his first group race. This also marked the first group race that a horse sired by Kitasan Black won. 2022: three-year old season As previously planned, Equinox did not use any trial races, and headed straight to Satsuki Sho as his first race of the season; which saw him take a 147 day long break. At the Satsuki Sho, Equinox was the third favored behind JRA Award for Best Two-Year-Old Colt winner Do Deuce and Tokinominoru Kinen winner . Equinox started the race from the furthest gate, and came in to the final stretch in third place. He passed all the other horses but was passed by Geoglyph, who was also trained by Kimura, at the last second and came in second place。Equinox's jockey Lemaire commented that "it was after a long break, but he performed well. Since he started from the outside we couldn't create a wall, but we were able to make a winner. I think we have a big chance at the Derby". Equinox then headed to the Tokyo Yushun (Japanese Derby) on May 29, where he was the 2nd most favored behind Danon Beluga, who had come in 4th place at Satsuki Sho. He started the race third from last, and at the final stretch covered the last 3 furlongs at 33.6 seconds to close the gaps, but was beaten by Do Deuce by a neck. Lemaire remarked "I marked the winner on the stretch and tried to go after him as I went on the outside, but my opponent passed me back". It was then announced that Equinox's next race would be the Autumn leg of the Tenno Sho. It was also announced that he had damaged his left foreleg at the Derby but was recovering well. As announced, Equinox entered the Tenno Sho on October 30, where he started favourite. After making a good start, he was in the middle of the pack chasing Panthalassa, who was running at a high pace of 57.4 seconds/1000 meters. As the horse entered the final stretch, Lemaire urged the horse forward, catching Panthalassa at the last second, covering what Lemaire said was at least 15 lengths with the speed of 32.7 seconds over the last 3 furlongs, marking his first GI victory. This was the second year in a row, and the fifth ever, where a three-year old won the Autumn Tenno Sho, with Efforia being the previous year's winner. Equinox's win also marked the fastest win in any horse's career as he was the first horse to have won the race after running just five races, and also became the first flat G1 race of the season where the most favored horse won the race, breaking the spell after 16 consecutive losses for the most favored. Equinox's victory also marked the first GI victory of any Kitasan Black sire, and the fourth parent-child pair ever to win the same Autumn Tenno Sho Race. During the post-race interview Lemaire commented "Spring was unlucky for him, but I was able to show the true Equinox" and "this may be his first GI, but this won't be the last. I believe he can still win more GI titles". It was then announced that his next race would be that year's Arima Kinen, to be held on December 25. Equinox gained many fan votes and gained a total of 294,688 votes, which was the third highest.At the Arima Kinen, Equinox was the most favored. After the race began, he was in the rear of the pack that was chasing Titleholder. Just before the third corner Equinox started to move on to the outside, and started to pick up the pace as he made the fourth corner. At the final stretch, after Lemaire urged the horse to go faster, he picked up even more pace and crossed the finishing pole, not letting any other horses come near him. This victory marked the 21st horse ever to win the Arima as a three year old, and a second year in a row after Efforia last year. Equinox also became the third horse ever to win both the Tenno Sho (Autumn) and Arima as a three-year old, and the fastest ever for any horse to win the Arima with just six races to his career. This race also became the first Arima since 1994 for the top two to be won by a three-year old, as was also a three-year old. 2023: four-year old season On January 17, the World's Best Racehorse Rankings of 2022 was announced, where Equinox was rated at 3rd place at 126 pounds alongside Nature Strip citing his two major victories he made the previous year, as well as being named the Horse of the Year. As the 1st place (Flightline) and 2nd place (Baaeed) had both retired by this point, he became the de facto highest rated horse that was active. For his first race of the season, it was announced that they would go forward with finalizing their entry to the Dubai Sheema Classic, which would make it his first foreign race. Later, he was formally invited to enter the race, in which the invitation was accepted. At the race, Equinox for the first time in his career took the lead from the start. He kept on leading the race, and at the final race the horse continued at its pace and handily won the race, winning it with a record of 2:25:65. The win also marked the first foreign victory of any Kitasan Black sire. After the race, Lemaire commented "I knew he was the greatest horse, and I'm very happy I was able to create this pace" and "This is the first time I won this race since Heart's Cry, who passed away two weeks ago. I would like to thank Equinox for making this opportunity to pay my tribute to him". On April 14, the Longine World Best Racehorse Ranking (which tabulates all major races from that year up until April 9) was announced, and citing Equinox's 3 and a half length victory at Dubai, he was rated the highest rated horse at 129 pounds. This was the third time a Japanese-trained horse became the highest rated in the ranking since 2014's Just A Way and 2016's A Shin Hikari. On May 26, it was officially announced by Silk Racing that Equinox and Lemaire would head to the Takarazuka Kinen. A few days after this, the CEO of Silk Racing, Masashi Yonemoto, also announced that the horse would ultimately head to the Japan Cup if the condition of the horse was well even after Takarazuka. The official fan polling which was held in the lead-up to the Takarazuka Kinen had Equinox consistently leading it, with the final tally at 216,379 votes. On June 25, Equinox entered the Takarazuka Kinen as planned. The horse did not have a good start and briefly lost his balance, but held through and ran in the rear of the pack. At around the third corner Equinox started to move in to the outside and started to go forward and take the lead as he and the pack ran past the fourth corner, barely losing to by just a neck, marking his fourth consecutive win. This victory made Equinox the 16th horse to win both Grand Prixs (Arima and Takarazuka), and the 21st horse to earn more than 1 billion yen at JRA races as well as the fastest to earn as much with just eight races at that point. After a summer break, it was announced by Silk Racing on September 18 that, before the Japan Cup, Equinox would race the Tenno Sho (Autumn) once again, this time facing off Do Deuce, who had beaten him at the Tokyo Yushun the year before. On October 29, Equinox entered the race once again. He raced the early stage of the race from 3rd following Jack d'Or's high pace run. As the pack entered the final stretch, Equinox quickly passed both Jack d'Or and Gaia Force, and without letting Justin Palace catch up to him, Equinox crossed the finishing line at a new world record of 1:55.2, marking his fifth consecutive GI win and becoming the third horse ever to win the Autumn Tenno Sho for two years in a row. After the race, Lemaire praised his horse, saying "I was relieved. Equinox is the greatest horse after all. Everyone in the world wanted to see him race. I was able to show Equinox's strength" and "Equinox has everything. He can take a good position from the start, and can run calmly after that, and can run well towards the end also. He also has stamina. He's a perfect horse". With this win, Equinox's total earnings in JRA races reached a total of 1,252,692,000 yen, surpassing Contrail to become the 10th highest earner. If the earnings from the Dubai Sheema Classic was factored the total earnings would reach up to 1,711,582,100 yen, surpassing Orfevre and becoming the 6th highest earner ever. Racing statistics Below data is based on data available on JBIS Search, netkeiba.com, Emirates Racing Authority, and Total Performance Data. on the time indicates that this was a record time Statistics as of October 29, 2023 Pedigree Notes References Racehorses trained in Japan Racehorses bred in Japan Thoroughbred racehorses 2019 racehorse births Thoroughbred family 16-b

Lovozero (; ; ; ; ) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Lovozersky District in Murmansk Oblast, Russia, located on both banks of the Virma River, which is not far from Lake Lovozero, and southeast of Murmansk, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: It is the second largest locality in the district after Revda. History In 1574, the settlement of Loyyavrsiyt (literally, "settlement of strong people by the lake") was founded at the site of modern Lovozero. Lovozero itself is first mentioned in chronicles in 1608. Economy The main business in Lovozero is the agricultural and reindeer husbandry cooperative Tundra. Fishing, hunting, and picking cloudberries are also important. Transportation The closest railway station is in Revda, located to the west. Military A military helicopter base is located to the southeast. Culture Several Sami festivals are held in Lovozero, which is why it is often called "the Sami capital of Russia." There is also a museum showcasing traditional Sami culture and way of life. Climate Lovozero has a subarctic climate due to its high latitude. In spite of this, the climate is a lot less severe than other Russian climates further east. Even so, it is colder than areas to the west that are a lot milder due to a greater Gulf Stream influence, with mean temperatures of below in the two coldest months. In summer, temperatures can briefly spike to or above due to southerly winds over the vast landmass, although the proximity to the chilly Arctic Ocean also cools down that season. Winters are drier than summers, but still snowy enough to build a reliable snow pack for several months. Due to the relatively mild July months, Lovozero is below the Arctic tree line. External links References Notes Sources Rural localities in Murmansk Oblast Sámi in Russia Sámi-language municipalities Populated places established in 1574 Kolsky Uyezd

Luciana Alexandra Gómez Del Río (born 22 September 1984) is a Uruguayan footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Rampla Juniors. She has been a member of the Uruguay women's national team. Club career Gómez played in Uruguay for Nacional, Peñarol and Rampla Juniors. International career An unused goalkeeper at the 2003 South American Women's Football Championship, Gómez played for Uruguay at senior level in two Copa América Femenina editions (2006 and 2014) and the 2007 Pan American Games. References 1984 births Living people Women's association football goalkeepers Uruguayan women's footballers Uruguay women's international footballers Pan American Games competitors for Uruguay Footballers at the 2007 Pan American Games Club Nacional de Football players Peñarol players Rampla Juniors players

In cryptography, a transposition cipher (also known as a permutation cipher) is a method of encryption which scrambles the positions of characters (transposition) without changing the characters themselves. Transposition ciphers reorder units of plaintext (typically characters or groups of characters) according to a regular system to produce a ciphertext which is a permutation of the plaintext. They differ from substitution ciphers, which do not change the position of units of plaintext but instead change the units themselves. Despite the difference between transposition and substitution operations, they are often combined, as in historical ciphers like the ADFGVX cipher or complex high-quality encryption methods like the modern Advanced Encryption Standard (AES). General principle Plaintexts can be rearranged into a ciphertext using a key, scrambling the order of characters like the shuffled pieces of a jigsaw puzzle. The resulting message is hard to decipher without the key because there are many ways the characters can be arranged. For example, the plaintext "THIS IS WIKIPEDIA" could be encrypted to "TWDIP SIHII IKASE". To decipher the encrypted message without the key, an attacker could try to guess possible words and phrases like DIATHESIS, DISSIPATE, WIDTH, etc., but it would take them some time to reconstruct the plaintext because there are many combinations of letters and words. By contrast, someone with the key could reconstruct the message easily: C I P H E R Key 1 4 5 3 2 6 Sequence (key letters in alphabetical order) T H I S I S Plaintext W I K I P E D I A * * * Ciphertext by column: #1 TWD, #2 IP, #3 SI, #4 HII, #5 IKA, #6 SE Ciphertext in groups of 5 for readability: TWDIP SIHII IKASE In practice, a message this short and with a predictable keyword would be broken almost immediately with cryptanalysis techniques. Transposition ciphers have several vulnerabilities (see the section on "Detection and cryptanalysis" below), and small mistakes in the encipherment process can render the entire ciphertext meaningless. However, given the right conditions - long messages (e.g., over 100–200 letters), unpredictable contents, unique keys per message, strong transposition methods, and so on - guessing the right words could be computationally impossible without further information. In their book on codebreaking historical ciphers, Elonka Dunin and Klaus Schmeh describe double columnar transposition (see below) as "one of the best manual ciphers known". Rail Fence cipher The Rail Fence cipher is a form of transposition cipher that gets its name from the way in which it is encoded. In the rail fence cipher, the plaintext is written downwards and diagonally on successive "rails" of an imaginary fence, then moving up when we get to the bottom. The message is then read off in rows. For example, using three "rails" and a message of 'WE ARE DISCOVERED FLEE AT ONCE', the cipherer writes out: W . . . E . . . C . . . R . . . L . . . T . . . E . E . R . D . S . O . E . E . F . E . A . O . C . . . A . . . I . . . V . . . D . . . E . . . N . . Then reads off: WECRL TEERD SOEEF EAOCA IVDEN (The cipher has broken this ciphertext up into blocks of five to help avoid errors. This is a common technique used to make the cipher more easily readable. The spacing is not related to spaces in the plaintext and so does not carry any information about the plaintext.) Scytale The rail fence cipher follows a pattern similar to that of the scytale, (pronounced "SKIT-uhl-ee") a mechanical system of producing a transposition cipher used by the ancient Greeks. The system consisted of a cylinder and a ribbon that was wrapped around the cylinder. The message to be encrypted was written on the coiled ribbon. The letters of the original message would be rearranged when the ribbon was uncoiled from the cylinder. However, the message was easily decrypted when the ribbon recoiled on a cylinder of the same diameter as the encrypting cylinder. Using the same example as before, if the cylinder has a radius such that only three letters can fit around its circumference, the cipherer writes out: W . . E . . A . . R . . E . . D . . I . . S . . C . O . . V . . E . . R . . E . . D . . F . . L . . . . E . . E . . A . . T . . O . . N . . C . . E . In this example, the cylinder is running horizontally and the ribbon is wrapped around vertically. Hence, the cipherer then reads off: WOEEV EAEAR RTEEO DDNIF CSLEC Route cipher In a route cipher, the plaintext is first written out in a grid of given dimensions, then read off in a pattern given in the key. For example, using the same plaintext that we used for rail fence: W R I O R F E O E E E S V E L A N J A D C E D E T C X The key might specify "spiral inwards, clockwise, starting from the top right". That would give a cipher text of: EJXCTEDEC DAEWRIORF EONALEVSE Route ciphers have many more keys than a rail fence. In fact, for messages of reasonable length, the number of possible keys is potentially too great to be enumerated even by modern machinery. However, not all keys are equally good. Badly chosen routes will leave excessive chunks of plaintext, or text simply reversed, and this will give cryptanalysts a clue as to the routes. A variation of the route cipher was the Union Route Cipher, used by Union forces during the American Civil War. This worked much like an ordinary route cipher, but transposed whole words instead of individual letters. Because this would leave certain highly sensitive words exposed, such words would first be concealed by code. The cipher clerk may also add entire null words, which were often chosen to make the ciphertext humorous. Columnar transposition In a columnar transposition, the message is written out in rows of a fixed length, and then read out again column by column, and the columns are chosen in some scrambled order. Both the width of the rows and the permutation of the columns are usually defined by a keyword. For example, the keyword is of length 6 (so the rows are of length 6), and the permutation is defined by the alphabetical order of the letters in the keyword. In this case, the order would be "6 3 2 4 1 5". In a regular columnar transposition cipher, any spare spaces are filled with nulls; in an irregular columnar transposition cipher, the spaces are left blank. Finally, the message is read off in columns, in the order specified by the keyword. For example, suppose we use the keyword and the message . In a regular columnar transposition, we write this into the grid as follows: 6 3 2 4 1 5 W E A R E D I S C O V E R E D F L E E A T O N C E Q K J E U providing five nulls (), these letters can be randomly selected as they just fill out the incomplete columns and are not part of the message. The ciphertext is then read off as: EVLNE ACDTK ESEAQ ROFOJ DEECU WIREE In the irregular case, the columns are not completed by nulls: 6 3 2 4 1 5 W E A R E D I S C O V E R E D F L E E A T O N C E This results in the following ciphertext: EVLNA CDTES EAROF ODEEC WIREE To decipher it, the recipient has to work out the column lengths by dividing the message length by the key length. Then they can write the message out in columns again, then re-order the columns by reforming the key word. In a variation, the message is blocked into segments that are the key length long and to each segment the same permutation (given by the key) is applied. This is equivalent to a columnar transposition where the read-out is by rows instead of columns. Columnar transposition continued to be used for serious purposes as a component of more complex ciphers at least into the 1950s. Double transposition A single columnar transposition could be attacked by guessing possible column lengths, writing the message out in its columns (but in the wrong order, as the key is not yet known), and then looking for possible anagrams. Thus to make it stronger, a double transposition was often used. This is simply a columnar transposition applied twice. The same key can be used for both transpositions, or two different keys can be used. Visual demonstration of double transposition In the following example, we use the keys JANEAUSTEN and AEROPLANES to encrypt the following plaintext: "Transposition ciphers scramble letters like puzzle pieces to create an indecipherable arrangement."The colors show how the letters are scrambled in each transposition step. While a single step only causes a minor rearrangement, the second step leads to a significant scrambling effect if the last row of the grid is incomplete. Another example As an example, we can take the result of the irregular columnar transposition in the previous section, and perform a second encryption with a different keyword, , which gives the permutation "564231": 5 6 4 2 3 1 E V L N A C D T E S E A R O F O D E E C W I R E E As before, this is read off columnwise to give the ciphertext: CAEEN SOIAE DRLEF WEDRE EVTOC If multiple messages of exactly the same length are encrypted using the same keys, they can be anagrammed simultaneously. This can lead to both recovery of the messages, and to recovery of the keys (so that every other message sent with those keys can be read). During World War I, the German military used a double columnar transposition cipher, changing the keys infrequently. The system was regularly solved by the French, naming it Übchi, who were typically able to quickly find the keys once they'd intercepted a number of messages of the same length, which generally took only a few days. However, the French success became widely known and, after a publication in Le Matin, the Germans changed to a new system on 18 November 1914. During World War II, the double transposition cipher was used by Dutch Resistance groups, the French Maquis and the British Special Operations Executive (SOE), which was in charge of managing underground activities in Europe. It was also used by agents of the American Office of Strategic Services and as an emergency cipher for the German Army and Navy. Until the invention of the VIC cipher, double transposition was generally regarded as the most complicated cipher that an agent could operate reliably under difficult field conditions. Cryptanalysis The double transposition cipher can be treated as a single transposition with a key as long as the product of the lengths of the two keys. In late 2013, a double transposition challenge, regarded by its author as undecipherable, was solved by George Lasry using a divide-and-conquer approach where each transposition was attacked individually. Myszkowski transposition A variant form of columnar transposition, proposed by Émile Victor Théodore Myszkowski in 1902, requires a keyword with recurrent letters. In usual practice, subsequent occurrences of a keyword letter are treated as if the next letter in alphabetical order, e.g., the keyword TOMATO yields a numeric keystring of "532164." In Myszkowski transposition, recurrent keyword letters are numbered identically, TOMATO yielding a keystring of "432143." 4 3 2 1 4 3 W E A R E D I S C O V E R E D F L E E A T O N C E Plaintext columns with unique numbers are transcribed downward; those with recurring numbers are transcribed left to right: ROFOA CDTED SEEEA CWEIV RLENE Disrupted transposition A disrupted transposition cipher further complicates the transposition pattern with irregular filling of the rows of the matrix, i.e. with some spaces intentionally left blank (or blackened out like in the Rasterschlüssel 44), or filled later with either another part of the plaintext or random letters. Comb approach This method (attributed to Gen. Luigi Sacco) starts a new row once the plaintext reaches a column whose key number is equal to the current row number. This produces irregular row lengths. For example, F O R E V E R J I G S A W < Key 4 8 9 2 12 3 10 7 6 5 11 1 13 Blanks after no.: C O M P L I C A T E S T * 1 H E T R * * * * * * * * * 2 A N S P O S * * * * * * * 3 I * * * * * * * * * * * * 4 T I O N P A T T E R * * * 5 N L I K E A C O M * * * * 6 B _ _ _ _ _ _ _ * * * * * 7 The columns are then taken off as per regular columnar transposition: TPRPN, KISAA, CHAIT, NBERT, EMATO, etc. Numerical sequence approach Another simple option would be to use a password that places blanks according to its number sequence. E.g. "SECRET" would be decoded to a sequence of "5,2,1,4,3,6" and cross out the 5th field of the matrix, then count again and cross out the second field, etc. The following example would be a matrix set up for columnar transposition with the columnar key "CRYPTO" and filled with crossed out fields according to the disruption key "SECRET" (marked with an asterisk), whereafter the message "we are discovered, flee at once" is placed in the leftover spaces. The resulting ciphertext (the columns read according to the transposition key) is "WCEEO ERET RIVFC EODN SELE ADA". C R Y P T O 1 4 6 3 5 2 W E A R * E * * D I S * C O * V E R E D * F L E E * A * * T O N * C E * Grilles Another form of transposition cipher uses grilles, or physical masks with cut-outs. This can produce a highly irregular transposition over the period specified by the size of the grille, but requires the correspondents to keep a physical key secret. Grilles were first proposed in 1550, and were still in military use for the first few months of World War One. Detection and cryptanalysis Since transposition does not affect the frequency of individual symbols, simple transposition can be easily detected by the cryptanalyst by doing a frequency count. If the ciphertext exhibits a frequency distribution very similar to plaintext, it is most likely a transposition. In general, transposition methods are vulnerable to anagramming—sliding pieces of ciphertext around, then looking for sections that look like anagrams of words in English or whatever language the plaintext was written in, and solving the anagrams. Once such anagrams have been found, they reveal information about the transposition pattern, and can consequently be extended. Simpler transpositions often suffer from the property that keys very close to the correct key will reveal long sections of legible plaintext interspersed by gibberish. Consequently, such ciphers may be vulnerable to optimum seeking algorithms such as genetic algorithms and hill-climbing algorithms. There are several specific methods for attacking messages encoded using a transposition cipher. These include: Known-plaintext attack: Using known or guessed parts of the plaintext (e.g. names, places, dates, numbers, phrases) to assist in reverse-engineering the likely order of columns used to carry out the transposition and/or the likely topic of the plaintext. Brute-force attack: If keys are derived from dictionary words or phrases from books or other publicly available sources, it may be possible to brute-force the solution by attempting billions of possible words, word combinations, and phrases as keys. Depth attack: If two or more messages of the same length are encoded with the same keys, the messages can be aligned and anagrammed until the messages show meaningful text in the same places, without needing to know the transposition steps that have taken place. Statistical attack: Statistics about the frequency of 2-letter, 3-letter, etc. combinations in a language can be used to inform a scoring function in an algorithm that gradually reverses possible transpositions based on which changes would produce the most likely combinations. For example, the 2-letter pair QU is more common than QT in English text, so a cryptanalyst will attempt transpositions that place QU together. A detailed description of the cryptanalysis of a German transposition cipher can be found in chapter 7 of Herbert Yardley's "The American Black Chamber." A cipher used by the Zodiac Killer, called "Z-340", organized into triangular sections with substitution of 63 different symbols for the letters and diagonal "knight move" transposition, remained unsolved for over 51 years, until an international team of private citizens cracked it on December 5, 2020, using specialized software. Combinations Transposition is often combined with other techniques such as evaluation methods. For example, a simple substitution cipher combined with a columnar transposition avoids the weakness of both. Replacing high frequency ciphertext symbols with high frequency plaintext letters does not reveal chunks of plaintext because of the transposition. Anagramming the transposition does not work because of the substitution. The technique is particularly powerful if combined with fractionation (see below). A disadvantage is that such ciphers are considerably more laborious and error prone than simpler ciphers. Fractionation Transposition is particularly effective when employed with fractionation – that is, a preliminary stage that divides each plaintext symbol into two or more ciphertext symbols. For example, the plaintext alphabet could be written out in a grid, and every letter in the message replaced by its co-ordinates (see Polybius square and Straddling checkerboard). Another method of fractionation is to simply convert the message to Morse code, with a symbol for spaces as well as dots and dashes. When such a fractionated message is transposed, the components of individual letters become widely separated in the message, thus achieving Claude E. Shannon's diffusion. Examples of ciphers that combine fractionation and transposition include the bifid cipher, the trifid cipher, the ADFGVX cipher and the VIC cipher. Another choice would be to replace each letter with its binary representation, transpose that, and then convert the new binary string into the corresponding ASCII characters. Looping the scrambling process on the binary string multiple times before changing it into ASCII characters would likely make it harder to break. Many modern block ciphers use more complex forms of transposition related to this simple idea. See also Substitution cipher Ban (unit) Topics in cryptography Notes References Kahn, David. The Codebreakers: The Story of Secret Writing. Rev Sub. Scribner, 1996. Yardley, Herbert. The American Black Chamber. Bobbs-Merrill, 1931. Classical ciphers Permutations

Vann Stuedeman (born September 11, 1972) is the former head coach of the Mississippi State Lady Bulldogs softball team, which represents Mississippi State University in the Southeastern Conference. She has led the Lady Bulldogs to NCAA Tournament appearances in seven of her eight years as head coach. Stuedeman was previously the pitching coach at Alabama, where she helped lead the Crimson Tide to six Women's College World Series appearances and an NCAA Tournament appearance each year. She was also the pitching coach at Illinois for one season. Coaching career Mississippi State On July 16, 2019, it was announced that Vann Stuedeman would not return as head coach. Illinois On August 25, 2022, Vann Stuedeman was announced as an assistant coach and pitching coach for the Illinois softball program. On May 24, 2023, Stuedeman departed from the softball staff at Illinois. Head coaching record Personal Stuedeman is a 1990 graduate of Vestavia Hills High School in Vestavia Hills, Alabama. She earned a Bachelor of Accounting degree from Huntingdon College in 1994 and a Master's in Elementary Education from the University of West Alabama in 1996. Both she and here sister, Lorraine “Les” Stuedeman, played softball at Huntingdon and are members of The Huntingdon College Athletic Hall of Fame. References 1972 births Living people American softball coaches Illinois Fighting Illini softball coaches Mississippi State Bulldogs softball coaches Alabama Crimson Tide softball coaches Sportspeople from Birmingham, Alabama

"Success" is a song written by Johnny Mullins that was originally recorded by the American country artist Loretta Lynn. It was released as a single and became a major country hit in 1962. The song was among Lynn's first major hits as a recording artist. In 1992, the Irish singer-songwriter Sinéad O'Connor covered it as "Success Has Made a Failure of Our Home", which became an international hit. Loretta Lynn version In 1961, Loretta Lynn signed a recording contract with Decca Records under the production of Owen Bradley. "Success" was among the first songs Lynn had recorded for the record company. Located in Nashville, Tennessee, the session was produced by Owen Bradley. The song was recorded under her first session with Bradley and the recording label. Three other tracks were recorded on the same session. Composed by Johnny Mullins, "Success" was recorded in the honky tonk style of country music, which incorporated more traditional elements of the genre. "Success" was released as a single via Decca Records in April 1962. The single spent a total of 16 weeks on the Billboard Hot Country Western and Sides chart before peaking at number six in September. Although Lynn's first hit had been 1960's "I'm a Honky Tonk Girl," it was "Success" that became Lynn's first top ten hit in her career. The single ultimately started a series of top ten hits for Lynn during the decade. This would be followed by number one singles as well. In 1963, the song was issued on Lynn's debut studio album entitled Loretta Lynn Sings, also on Decca. Track listings 7-inch vinyl single "Success" – 2:36 "A Hundred Proof Heartache" – 2:25 Charts Sinéad O'Connor version The Irish singer-songwriter Sinéad O'Connor covered the song as "Success Has Made a Failure of Our Home" in 1992. It was released on September 1, 1992, as the lead single from her third album, Am I Not Your Girl? (1992). O'Connor first heard the song on an early '60s album by American country artist Loretta Lynn. The cover is produced by O'Connor with Phil Ramone and remains one of her biggest hits after it charted in several countries. The single peaked within the top 20 in Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom, top 30 in Belgium and Switzerland, and top 40 in Australia and New Zealand. In the US, the single reached number 20 on the Billboard Alternative Songs chart. The song was later included on her first compilation album, So Far... The Best Of (1997). Critical reception The song received favorable reviews from music critics. Larry Flick from Billboard commented, "There's a new Sinead coming to town, as she previews her upcoming set of pop standards, Am I Not Your Girl? Interestingly, she delivers one of the most assured, full-voiced performances to date, digging deep into the emotion of the material with a combination of heartfelt emotion and unbridled confidence. Will stun folks at first, though they will eventually become enthralled by the sincerity of this project." Greg Sandow from Entertainment Weekly called it a transformation of a Loretta Lynn song, writing, "Right at the start, a tortured brass riff tears it from its country roots. And at the end O’Connor dissolves it into an all-but-deranged cry of despair, repeating "Am I not your girl?" for a full minute and a half, 27 times in all, with the brass shrieking behind her." Tom Ewing from Freaky Trigger felt the song shows that O'Connor "can belt with the best of them". Lennox Herald described it as a "dramatic ballad with big band sound hit." Liverpool Echo said the song "could have been written for her". Robert Hilburn from Los Angeles Times wrote, "This is another country song, but O'Connor has redone the old Loretta Lynn hit in big-band fashion, turning it into a commentary on how obsession with material values can destroy a relationship. In the debate over O'Connor’s political gestures, it’s easy to forget that the Irish singer-songwriter is a gifted artist." A reviewer from Music Week named it "her most bewitching single" since "Nothing Compares 2 U", remarking that it is "expensively produced, with a brilliant orchestral arrangement offsetting her vulnerable small voice beautifully. Bittersweet lyrics and constantly shifting tempo add considerably to what is an inspired choice." Parry Gettelman from Orlando Sentinel felt her "drastic reworking" is "intriguing", adding that "the overwrought arrangement suits O'Connor's tightly wound vocal." People Magazine said in their review of the album, that "the only time O'Connor seems to be anything but childlike" is on the song. Daphne Kwong from Stanford Daily felt "the music overwhelms O'Connor's voice until she starts singing louder midway through the song." Music video A music video was made to accompany the song. In the video, O'Connor performs the song on a press conference about child abuse while cameras are flashing. She imparts lyrics with sign language. Timothy White from Billboard described the video like this, "The singer is depicted on a sleekly nightmarish dais, delivering her clement declaration as if responding to some sinister state inquisition. Her simple lament is soon transmuted into an indictment of the social atrocities of a wayward age, while actual Amnesty International slides of international torture victims are flashed upon the walls behind her." Track listings Charts References 1962 songs 1962 singles 1992 singles Decca Records singles Loretta Lynn songs Sinéad O'Connor songs Song recordings produced by Owen Bradley Songs written by Johnny Mullins (songwriter)

Josephine Margaret Muntz Adams (1862 –1949) was an Australian artist who distinguished herself as a portraitist. Her portrait of Duncan Gillies, 14th Premier of the state of Victoria (1886-1890), hangs in Parliament House, Melbourne. Her portrait of the Queensland and Australian Federal politician Charles McDonald is in Parliament House, Canberra. Her work is represented in the National Gallery of Victoria, Queensland Art Gallery, Ballarat Art Gallery, Bendigo Art Gallery and Castlemaine Art Museum. Life In the gold-rich area of central Victoria, Jane Jamieson married Thomas Bingham Muntz (a council engineer, farmer and dealer in real estate) in 1861. Their first child, Josephine Margaret, was born the next year, in Barfold, near the town of Kyneton, Victoria. Nine siblings were to follow, though not all in Kyneton — e.g. her brother, Thomas Carson Muntz, was born in 1870, in the Melbourne suburb of Prahran, Victoria, where Thomas Muntz then held the position of Civil Engineer. Josephine Muntz married Samuel Howard Adams in 1898. She was aged 36 and was already an established artist. The couple left Victoria for Brisbane, Queensland, where she continued to paint and to teach art. She also visited her brother in Alice Springs, and painted there, too. After Samuel Adams died in 1903 in a horse and cart accident, Muntz Adams returned to her home state of Victoria until 1917 when she again lived and worked in Brisbane for five years, until 1922. Professional success led to financial success — her work sold for high prices. By 1911 she had purchased newly established real estate: lots 5 and 6 in Tollington Avenue in the inner city suburb of East Melbourne. These she rented out, whilst she lived in nearby lot 9, which she kept until her death in 1949. After her death in Victoria, at the age of 87, Muntz Adams was buried with her husband in Toowong Cemetery in Brisbane. Muntz Street in the Canberra suburb of Chisholm is named in her honour. Career Muntz Adams built a successful professional career, based on expert training to develop her talent. 1882, 1884-1889: training at the National Gallery of Victoria Art School; fellow students included Clara Southern, Jane Sutherland, May Vale and Arthur Streeton. 1890 to 1896: study in Paris and England, with leading exponents of contemporary French and English Impressionism and portraiture: In Paris she attended Académie Colarossi. In England, the Herkomer Art School, where other Australian students included Kathleen O'Connor, Blamire Young and the Tasmanian Mary Augusta Walker. In 1930 the Brisbane Courier summed up Muntz Adams' professional achievements as follows: Described by a critic as one of the most distinguished works in the collection, a self-portrait by Mrs. Muntz-Adams, is attracting much attention at the annual exhibition of the Victorian Artists' Society. The artist had a thorough training. After studying at the National Art School, Melbourne, she worked in the studios of Julien and Delacroix, in Paris, and then joined Herkomer’s school at Bushey, Hertfordshire, England. She exhibited twice at the Old Salon, Paris, and on returning to Melbourne devoted her energies to portraiture. Her portrait of the Hon. Duncan Gillies is in Parliament House, Melbourne; that of the Hon. Charles McDonald is in Parliament House, Canberra; one of Mr. George Watson is in the Melbourne Hunt Club; while another of Mr. J. A. Panton hangs in the City Court, Melbourne. She wanted to paint the latter attired in his everyday clothes as he appeared on the bench, but Mr. Panton preferred to be depicted in evening dress, seated in a graceful attitude, smoking a cigarette. Moore, 1930. In 2019, the Australian gallery owner, DJ Angeloro, rated Muntz Adams' work as "tier one": Tier One: professionally trained artist who earned living from their art endeavours and achieved a high level of acclaim in their day from exhibiting and have been researched to a high degree; known to have created a body of impressionist artworks and exerted an influence on the development of Impressionism through teaching or art practice example; recognized for impressionism within permanent collections. Represented National Gallery Victoria: Girl reading, n.d., National Gallery of Victoria, viewed 23 March 2020 Italian girl's head, 1913, National Gallery of Victoria, viewed 23 March 2020 Bridge, Venice, n.d., National Gallery of Victoria, viewed 23 March 2020 Queensland Art Gallery: Care, c. 1893, Brisbane Gallery Castlemaine Art Museum Untitiled landscape, c.1915 Exhibitions 1899: Greater Britain Exhibition, Earl's Court, London Gold medal, awarded to Josephine M. Adams for Portrait in oil of the Hon. Duncan Gillies 1907: Annual exhibition, Victorian Artists Society, included George Watson, M.F.H. 1907: Australian Exhibition of Woman's Work, Exhibition Buildings, Carlton, Victoria. See poster by Dorothy Leviny of Castlemaine advertising the exhibition, in the collection of Museum Victoria 1930: Annual Exhibition of the Victorian Artists’ Society, Self portrait 1943: Athenaeum Gallery (Melbourne), retrospective solo exhibition References 1862 births 1949 deaths Australian women painters 19th-century Australian women artists 19th-century Australian artists 20th-century Australian women artists 20th-century Australian artists People from Kyneton Artists from Victoria (state) National Gallery of Victoria Art School alumni Académie Colarossi alumni

Sophora tomentosa, also known as necklacepod, yellow necklacepod, and occasionally as silver bush, is a pantropical shrub or small tree in the family Fabaceae. It commonly ranges in height from 4 to 10 feet and often occurs in coastal conditions and near wetlands. The common name Necklacepod is derived from the characteristic string of seed pods that develop after its yellow flowers germinate into seeds. Necklacepod is a nectar plant for bees, butterflies, and in parts of the Americas hummingbirds as well. It is suggested for use by native plant enthusiasts in Florida as a good landscape plant for xeriscaping but it only naturally occurs in coastal counties in the central and southern part of the state, while closely related varieties occur in Texas, and the Caribbean. The variety of Necklacepod growing in Australia is considered an endangered species in some areas due to the clearing of coastal habitat and displacement by invasive species. In Sri Lanka, the plant is known as moodu murunga. The inedible pod has some similarities to the murunga (drumstick) pod. It has been used to make fish poisons, insect and spider repellents etc., esp in Africa. References External links Sophora tomentosa pictures from hear.org tomentosa Plants described in 1753 Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus Butterfly food plants Endangered flora of Australia Flora of Florida Pantropical flora

Grzechotki is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Braniewo, within Braniewo County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, close to the border with the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia. It lies approximately east of Braniewo and north-west of the regional capital Olsztyn. References Grzechotki

Ross House is a five-storey community-owned and managed heritage building in Flinders Lane, Melbourne. Ross House building Ross House was originally built as the Sargood Warehouse in 1898–1900, for Melbourne softgood importer Sir Frederick Thomas Sargood, whose company name at the time was Sargood, Butler, Nichol and Ewen. Frederick Sargood was a wealthy man, and is known for building the extensive house and garden, the Rippon Lea Estate in Elsternwick. The building occupied a site that was created by the great fire of November in 1897 which destroyed most of city block. Architects Sulman & Power of Sydney design is significant as an early example in Victoria of the influence of the American Romanesque style, as developed by Henry Hobson Richardson in America. The massive tall red-brick arches are contrasted by the delicacy of the metal oriel windows within, topped by a wide overhanging cornice. Ross House also shows early design responses to the need for fire prevention in multi-storey buildings, such as the sprinkler system and fireproof doors. The recessing of the oriel windows was a fire-prevention measure adopted from England. Ross House is historically significant as evidence of the large commercial warehouses that once occupied the city around Princes Bridge, Flinders Street and Flinders Lane at the turn of the twentieth century. It was originally twice the size, extending from Flinders Lane right through to Flinders Street. The Flinders Street facing half was demolished in the early 1930s and replaced by the new headquarters for the State Electricity Commission. Later known as Royston House, it is heritage-listed with the National Trust (Victoria), and by Heritage Victoria. References Sources Ross House Association, www.rosshouse.org.au The National Trust of Australia (Victoria) Higginson, Jo. Building for a community: the story of Ross House, Ross House Association, Melbourne, 1998. Victorian Heritage Database Organisations based in Melbourne

In the 1988 Intertoto Cup no knock-out rounds were contested, and therefore no winner was declared. Group stage The teams were divided into eleven groups of four teams each. Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Group 4 Group 5 Group 6 Group 7 Group 8 Group 9 Group 10 Group 11 See also 1988–89 European Cup 1988–89 European Cup Winners' Cup 1988–89 UEFA Cup External links by Pawel Mogielnicki 1988 4

Motor Vessel Kalakala (pronounced ) was a ferry that operated on Puget Sound from 1935 until her retirement in 1967. MV Kalakala was notable for her unique streamlined superstructure, art deco styling, and luxurious amenities. The vessel was a popular attraction for locals and tourists, and was voted second only to the Space Needle in popularity among visitors to Seattle during the 1962 Seattle World's Fair. The ship is known as the world's first streamlined vessel for her unique art deco styling. After retiring from passenger service in 1967, the ship was beached in Kodiak, Alaska, and converted to a shrimp cannery. In 1998, the ship was refloated and towed to Puget Sound with the owner hoping to restore the ship. During this time, the ship continued to deteriorate, with the Coast Guard declaring the ship a hazard to navigation in 2011. Unable to raise the funds required for restoration, the ship was scrapped in 2015. Service Peralta She was constructed for the Key System's ferry service on San Francisco Bay between Oakland and San Francisco and named Peralta in honor of one of the area's early Spanish founding families. Launched in April 1926 she was of double ended design and was powered by a steam-turbo-electric power plant. On February 17, 1928, while docking in Oakland, Peralta's bow sank into the water, sending waves sweeping over the deck. Five passengers were killed. The main cause of the accident was found to be the failure in properly filling ballast tanks at the rear of the ship with water to counterbalance the weight of the passengers moving en masse to the bow to disembark. On the evening of May 6, 1933, while moored at the Oakland ferry terminal an arson fire started in the adjacent train sheds at 11 pm and spread to the Peralta whose superstructure collapsed due to the intense heat and she was written off by her insurance company. Rebuilding The still intact hull of the Peralta caught the eye of Alexander Peabody, president of the Puget Sound Navigation Company (PSNC), also known by its marketing name, the "Black Ball Line". He made an offer and on October 12, 1933, the vessel was sold to the PSNC, who had the hull towed by the tug Creole to Lake Washington Shipyards in Houghton, Washington (since annexed to Kirkland) to restore the vessel as a ferry. Over the next two years she was rebuilt. The remains of the superstructure and machinery were removed, while the beam was reduced from 68 ft to 55 ft 8 inches. Only a single diesel engine was installed as it was intended that she would operate as a single-ender operating between Seattle and Bremerton. As the route was long, speed was considered to be important, as well as the ability to carry both passengers and motor vehicles. After his wife suggested that the new design should be distinctive and modernistic, Peabody decided to incorporate streamlining in the new superstructure. Louis Proctor, an engineer for the Boeing Company, provided an early concept design. The setback of the wheelhouse mimicked the setback of a cockpit behind the nose of an airplane. The flying bridge had no functional purpose but was evocative of wings, fitting with the aircraft-themed design. She was also given a modernistic art-deco interior with a full-service galley, a ladies' lounge, and a men's bar on the lower deck and showers for dockyard workers travelling home from the naval shipyard at Bremerton. The new electro-welding, or arc-welding, process was used instead of rivet construction, lending a seamless appearance to fit with the streamlined design. Kalakala was the first vessel on which the new technique was used. The new bridge and wheelhouse were built entirely out of copper, from fear that the steel used in the rest of the vessel would interfere with the ship's compass. In November 1934, William O. Thorniley, publicist for PSNC and president of the Olympic Peninsula Travel Association, named the new ferry Kalakala, which means "bird" in the Pacific Northwest Native American trade language Chinook Jargon. Thorniley launched a national promotional campaign beginning with large billboard signs that simply said "KALAKALA!" Later, they said "KALAKALA, Seattle, WA" and featured a picture of the vessel as well. The name established a tradition of all vessels in the ferry fleet of the Washington State Department of Transportation (which acquired ownership of the Kalakala in 1951) bearing indigenous names. Service After festivities, Kalakala entered service on July 4, 1935, becoming famous. In addition to ferry service, she was used for "moonlight cruises" with a live dance orchestra. Kalakala saw heavy service during World War II transporting shipyard workers and Navy personnel between Seattle and Bremerton on an extended schedule. Vandalism and rowdiness brought deployment of the Shore Patrol and closure of the bar. That service led to the moniker, "The Workhorse of Puget Sound." The aircraft-inspired design of Kalakala sacrificed functionality. The setback of the wheelhouse made it impossible to see the bow of the vessel, leading to difficulties when docking. The streamlined wheelhouse's small size and round windows also made all round visibility difficult. The car deck was narrowed for the sake of form, sacrificing lane width. That led to a 40% drop in the number of vehicles that could be carried as American cars became wider in the postwar years, with a corresponding drop in economic efficiency, while making it difficult for passengers to squeeze between cars on their way to embarking and disembarking from the ferry. With the coming of the more efficient Evergreen State class boats in the mid-1950s, Kalakala became obsolete. The enclosed bow design did, however, make her suitable for open water routes such as the Port Angeles - Victoria run, where she served from 1955 to 1959. Kalakala had a heavy shaking vibration that ran throughout the vessel when in operation. This was probably due to poor alignment of the engine during the 1930s rebuild. When the propeller was replaced with a new 5-bladed version in 1956, the vibration was reduced by 40%. Although the PSNC wished Kalakala to be known as the Silver Swan, she soon attracted other, less complimentary nicknames, including Silver Slug, Silver Beetle, Galloping Ghost of the Pacific Coast, and, among Seattle's Scandinavian community, Kackerlacka, which means "cockroach". In February 1946, Kalakala was issued Federal Communications Commission (FCC) license #001 when she was fitted with the first commercial radar system. Kalakala was featured transportation for tours of the Bremerton shipyards during the Seattle World's Fair in 1962. Retirement In 1967, Kalakala retired from service and moved to the Washington State Ferries repair facility at Eagle Harbor. A year later she was sold to a seafood processing company and towed to Alaska to work as a crab cannery at Ouzinkie, Alaska. Later the Kalakala was beached in Kodiak in 1970 and used to process shrimp. Peter Bevis discovered the rusting hulk on a fishing trip in 1984. Kalakala was still operating as a cannery, with her internal structure having been reworked to create a building with cement floors, drywall, and ceiling tiles. After complicated financial negotiations, the ship was refloated and towed back to Seattle in 1998. The vessel became a source of controversy for the remainder of her existence as her owners were unable to raise sufficient funds to refurbish the vessel or even to keep her moored on Seattle's Lake Union. The vessel was sold in 2004 to a private investor, who moved her to an anchorage in Neah Bay provided by the Makah people. Soon after arriving at Neah Bay Kalakala was evicted by the Makah, who also brought a lawsuit against the owners. The vessel was then relocated to Tacoma, Washington. In February 2008, Kalakala owner Steve Rodrigues announced his intention to acquire additional vintage ferry vessels and to restore them and the Kalakala as either ferries powered by wind and solar technologies or as museums. Kalakala was scheduled for work on her hull and superstructure in dry dock in 2010, but this never happened. After six years in Tacoma, Kalakala began listing, and officials became concerned that the ferry might pose an environmental risk. The vessel's owner was also pressured to take action after Washington State passed a law focusing on the removal of abandoned or neglected vessels. For these reasons, Kalakalas owner put her up for sale for a nominal fee of one dollar, contingent on the purchaser committing to renovating Kalakala. In December 2011, the Coast Guard declared the ship a hazard to navigation. Among other issues, the Coast Guard stated that her mooring arrangements were inadequate. The Coast Guard set a December 19 deadline for the owner to repair the hull of the ship and submit a plan to tow her away from her current mooring in Tacoma. This deadline was not met. The owner, Steve Rodrigues, appealed this order, claiming that an anonymous person had purchased the ship. The Coast Guard rejected the appeal as there was no evidence that any work had been done on the ship and no evidence of the supposed sale. The Coast Guard described the ship as being in such fragile condition that it may not withstand being moved to other moorage and might have to be scrapped. In July 2012 Steve Rodrigues sued the state of Washington claiming that the state had failed in its "duty" to help preserve the ferry. Rodrigues' suit asked that the state be prevented from forcing Kalakala to be moved, confiscated, or sunk and sought to force the state to pay approximately $50 million for restoration of the ferry under a proposal Rodrigues previously submitted, which was rejected. In November 2012, Karl Anderson, owner of the Hylebos Waterway uplands where the boat was moored, took possession of the vessel in exchange for the $4,000 he claimed Rodrigues owed him in back rent. Dismantling On January 4, 2015, owner Karl Anderson announced that the Kalakala would be dismantled for scrap metal. On January 22, the Kalakala was towed to a Tacoma dry dock and scrapping began immediately. By the first week of February scrapping was completed with only a few pieces such as windows, pilot house, and the rudder saved and sold as souvenirs. Artistic projects Several art projects arose from fascination with Kalakala, including a full-length album of solo cello compositions recorded on board the vessel in November 2003, called Songs from a Parallel Universe. There is an as-yet unreleased film about the "Ghost Dance" that was filmed on Kalakala. There was also a live concert featuring the Icelandic band múm, Serena Tideman and Eyvind Kang, on board the Kalakala. The watercolorist Robert Tandecki painted her among her later days. Artist Cory Ench painted a large mural of Kalakala in downtown Port Angeles in 1995. In 2002, it was home to the Undergraduate Degree Shows for Cornish College of the Arts Design Department. A temporary pirate radio station broadcasting from Kalakala is featured in the 2005 documentary film Pirate Radio USA. The city of Kirkland bought some of the scrapped pieces of Kalakala and, , is considering using them in a public art project. Several pieces of the vessel were placed in the parking lot of Salty's on Alki in West Seattle, including a wheelhouse that faces Elliott Bay and the Seattle skyline. Pieces of the bridge and the auxilallary engine's crankshaft are on display at the King Agriculture Museum in Centralia, Wa. See also Notes References External links Washington State Ferries vessels Art Deco ships Streamliners National Register of Historic Places in Tacoma, Washington Ships on the National Register of Historic Places in Washington (state) Puget Sound Navigation Company 1926 ships Merchant ships of the United States Passenger ships of the United States

The Lom people (), also known by non-Loms as Bosha or Posha (; ; ; ) or as Armenian Romani (; ) or Caucasian Romani (), are an ethnic group originating from the Indian subcontinent. Their Lomavren language is a mixed language, combining an Indo-Aryan substrate with Armenian. Number The exact number of existing Bosha is difficult to determine, due to the dispersed and often mostly-assimilated nature of the group. Estimates suggest only a few thousand of the people can be found across Armenia and Georgia, while the Armenian Government's census reports only 50 living in the former. Distribution Concentrations of Bosha can be found in Yerevan and Gyumri in Armenia. Some of the Bosha in Armenia have adopted the Armenian language and assimilated with the larger Armenian population. In Georgia they live in such cities as Tbilisi, Kutaisi, Akhalkalaki and Akhaltsikhe. They are noted for such occupations as sievemakers. In Turkey the Lomlar or Poshalar adopted Islam at the 19th century and assimilated Turkish culture. They mostly live in Artvin, Rize, Ardahan and Kars and identify themselves as Meshketian Turks, hiding their Lom origins, while taking Armenian words from their contact with the Hemshin. References Further reading Marushiakova, Elena and Popov, Vesselin. "The 'Gypsies' (Dom – Lom – Rom) In Southern Caucasus (Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan)" Preserving the Roma Memories. Festschrift in Honor of Dr. Adam Bartosz, hrsg. v. Kyuchukov, Hristo, Marushiakova, Elena, Popov, Vesselin (Roma 7)., 2020. IJBF Online . Accessed 2023-07-14. External links Marushiakova, Elena and Vesselin Popov. 2016. Gypsies of Central Asia and Caucasus. London: Palgrave Macmillan. Roma and Gypsies Ethnic groups in Armenia Ethnic groups in Georgia (country) Ethnic groups in Turkey

Bangkok Fashion City was a campaign under the Ministry of Industry of Thailand. This 1.8-billion-baht program's purpose was to establish Bangkok as a regional fashion hub and eventually as a world fashion leader on the level of New York, Paris, and Milan. The project was initiated by the Thaksin administration in 2003. It was scrapped in 2006. References External links http://www.listen77.com/mp3.php?mp3=73b3272f-8473-4386-8fc2-a5733c91e99c&nom=Hooligans-Félember.mp3 Culture of Bangkok Economy of Thailand Fashion organizations Government programmes of Thailand

The Carro di Tespi lirico was a travelling Italian theatrical company that was formerly supported by the Fascist regime. It was started in 1930 to bring opera to the masses. Three companies of Carro di Tespi drammatico, started in 1929 for non-operatic stage works, also existed. The Carro di Tespi lirico brought opera to many Italian cities that did not have regular opera seasons, as well as some that did. It normally toured in July, August and September to about forty locations with two or three operas. Troupes occasionally would perform directly from the back of their traveling trucks or wagons. They also performed throughout Europe. The staging of La Bohème, on an open-air stage in front of the Villa Puccini in the summer of 1930 marked the inauguration of the modern Carro di Tespi. The company returned to Torre del Lago in 1931 with Madama Butterfly and La Bohème. During the remainder of the 1930s, only one season was presented, in 1937, featuring last century's arguably most famous Puccinian heroine, Licia Albanese. Many well known names in Italian theater and opera got there start in the Carro di Tespi. In modern-day Italy the Teatro Popolare Itinerante is a newer edition of this as is the annual Puccini Festival. See also Commedia dell'arte References Magda Olivero Bio Answers.com Landofpuccini.com Musical groups established in 1930 Italian opera companies

Tim Dixon (born 19 February 1984) is an English television presenter who rose to prominence in 2003. Aged just 21, in 2005 he was described by Flextech as "The best young up-and-coming television presenting talent in the UK". Education Dixon was educated at Devonport High School for Boys, a grammar school in Plymouth, between 1995 and 2002. Early magical career Dixon was, upon joining in 1995, the youngest ever member of the Plymouth Magic Circle. He made numerous appearances in Plymouth performing close-up magic in bars, restaurants and at private functions. Dixon won the Grant Cup competition in 1997, for a close-up act which he collaborated on with Dominic Wood. The same act later saw Dixon come second in the international finals of the Young Close-Up Magician of the Year Awards, run by The Young Magician's Club – the youth initiative of The Magic Circle. The media exposure that followed included a guest appearance on The Disney Channel, in 1999. Soon after, Dixon was appointed Disney's "resident magician" and continued to make regular appearances on Studio Disney until 2001. Dixon famously performed magic on Freddy Fresh and Fatboy Slim's hit single "Badder Badder Schwing", in 1999. Dixon performed a number of magic tutorials for AOL in 2006 Television and radio career Tim Dixon is a British television presenter/producer and managing director of a media company. Tim made his television debut on The Disney Channel (UK)'s "Sword and Sorcery Weekend" in early 1999. Soon after he was selected to star in a four-minute pop video, performing magic, for "Badder Badder Schwing" by Freddy Fresh and Fatboy Slim. The music video was released in 12 countries across the globe and went on to reach number 34 in the UK Singles Chart in 1999, with further successes abroad, most notably in America. The video also featured on BBC1's The Ozone, ITV1's Clubber Vision, MTV and The Box. Dixon soon became a regular face on Studio Disney and made numerous appearances over the next three years. He also represented Disney at several corporate events including Pop 2000 at the Birmingham NEC and toured the country as part of Disney's BAFTA-winning Kids Awards Roadshows in 2000 and 2001 – appearing in shows in Birmingham, Manchester, Cardiff, Reading, Edinburgh, Glasgow, Leeds, Coventry, and Croydon. He then went on to front CITV in 2003, making his first appearance on 3 January – as part of CITV's 20th Birthday celebrations. He also appeared as a guest on ITV's flagship Saturday morning show SM:TV Live. After some time spent working in radio (Plymouth Sound FM, BBC Radio 5 Live Fun Kids, BBC Radio Devon), within a production capacity in the independent sector (Twofour Productions) and presenting on satellite channels, in 2006 Tim was invited to make his return to ITV as part of the presenting launch team for ITV Play, in Manchester. Over the next twelve months he hosted a shows including This Morning Puzzle Book, Play DJ, Friends Reunited: The School Run (between March and September 2006), and The Common Room (September–December 2006). In 2007 Dixon became a celebrity interviewer and red-carpet roving reporter for Box Office Boys, BFBS. Summer 2008 saw Dixon land arguably his biggest break to date – replacing Stephen Mulhern as the new presenter of 30 episodes of the children's make-and-do show Finger Tips – which was transmitted from early September on ITV1, the CITV Channel and Super RTL in Germany. In 2009 Dixon was invited to become the main anchor host and content producer for all BFBS Television's children's output, fronting Room 785 (a live, studio-based format, broadcast every weekday afternoon and Saturday morning) and Telly-Tots (BFBS's early morning breakfast show aimed at a pre-school audience). On 2 May 2009, Tim became the face of BFBS 3 Kids – a new channel dedicated to the children of the armed forces. 2010 saw Dixon presenting numerous corporate events including Marketing Week Live at London's Olympia Exhibition Centre, fronting a family gameshow for ITV – due to form the centerpiece of ITV's new online natural history archive, itvWILD, fronting various online productions and making his panto debut at the Bournemouth Pavilion Theatre, as Prince Charming in Cinderella. Production company Dixon has worked extensively within television production; recent roles have included those of a Production Manager for Discovery, a Live Gallery Producer for ITV and as part of UKTV's Commissioning Team. Whilst not presenting, he manages his own independent production company, Inside Media Group. Personal life Dixon is married to '90s television presenter Emma Lee. References External links English television presenters 1984 births Living people People educated at Devonport High School for Boys

30 September 2006 (Saturday) 2006 Australian Football League Finals Series – Toyota AFL Grand Final at the Melbourne Cricket Ground West Coast Eagles 12.13 (85), Sydney Swans 12.12 (84) Major League Baseball: American League playoff races: Chicago White Sox 6, Minnesota Twins 3 Kansas City Royals 9, Detroit Tigers 6: The Tigers fail to clinch the Central. National League playoff races: Philadelphia Phillies 4, Florida Marlins 3: The Phillies win, but are eliminated from the wild-card race later in the day as a result of victories by both the Dodgers and Padres. St. Louis Cardinals 3, Milwaukee Brewers 2 Los Angeles Dodgers 4, San Francisco Giants 2: The Dodgers have clinched a playoff berth. San Diego Padres 3, Arizona Diamondbacks 1: The Padres have clinched a playoff berth. Houston Astros 5, Atlanta Braves 4: The Astros remain 1½ games behind the Cards. Pittsburgh Pirates 3, Cincinnati Reds 0: The Reds are eliminated from the Central race before their game starts as a result of the Cardinals win earlier in the day. Non-playoff news: The Los Angeles Times has reported that Jason Grimsley, a former pitcher for several MLB teams who has been accused of supplying performance-enhancing drugs to several players, allegedly named stars Roger Clemens, Andy Pettitte, and Miguel Tejada in a sworn statement as users of performance-enhancers. (LA Times) The Washington Nationals announce that Frank Robinson will not return as manager for the 2007 season. (ESPN) New York Mets ace Pedro Martínez will now be out until at least June 2007 after an MRI discovered a torn rotator cuff in his right (throwing) shoulder that will require surgery. (ESPN) American football: NCAA Division I-A Top 25: (1) Ohio State 38, (13) Iowa 17 (3) Southern California 28, Washington State 22 (5) Florida 28, Alabama 13 (6) Michigan 28, Minnesota 14 (7) Texas 56, Sam Houston 3 (9) LSU 48, Mississippi State 17 (10) Georgia 14, Ole Miss 9 (24) Georgia Tech 38, (11) Virginia Tech 27 (12) Notre Dame 35, Purdue 21 (14) Oregon 48, Arizona State 13 (15) Tennessee 41, Memphis 7 (18) Clemson 51, Louisiana Tech 0 (20) Cal 41, Oregon State 13 (21) Nebraska 39, Kansas 32 (OT) (22) Boise State 36, Utah 3 (25) Missouri 28, Colorado 13: Mizzou goes 5–0, their best start since 1981, while the Buffaloes lose their ninth straight, their worst streak in over 40 years. Other significant games: SMU 33, Tulane 28: The Mustangs spoil the Green Wave's first game in New Orleans since Hurricane Katrina. Basketball: University Athletics Association of the Philippines 69th basketball tournament – Championship round (Philippine Daily Inquirer): Men's Finals: (3) UST Growling Tigers 87, (1) Ateneo Blue Eagles 71 – UST held off an Ateneo rally at the middle of the first quarter and built a comfortable cushion to prevent the Eagles from catching up. Santo Tomas forces a deciding third game for the championship. Women's Finals: (1) UST Tigresses 67, (2) FEU Lady Tamaraws 59 – the Tigresses win their 11th championship, and their first in 11 years. Juniors' Finals: (1) Ateneo Blue Eaglets 69, (2) FEU-FERN Baby Tamaraws 61 – the Eaglets win their 15th championship as they repulsed the Baby Tamaraws in the deciding game. 29 September 2006 (Friday) Major League Baseball playoff races: American League: Kansas City Royals 9, Detroit Tigers 7 (11 innings) Chicago White Sox 4, Minnesota Twins 3: The Twins and Tigers remain tied for the Central and wild card. New York Yankees 7, Toronto Blue Jays 2: The Yankees' win, combined with the losses by Detroit and Minnesota, guarantees them home field advantage throughout the playoffs. National League: Atlanta Braves 4, Houston Astros 1 Philadelphia Phillies 14 Florida Marlins 2: The Phillies win to avoid elimination in the wild-card race. Cincinnati Reds 5, Pittsburgh Pirates 2: The Reds win to keep their playoff hopes alive. St. Louis Cardinals 10, Milwaukee Brewers 5: The Cards increase their lead to 1½ games. Arizona Diamondbacks 3, San Diego Padres 1: A win by the Padres would have ensured a playoff berth, but they instead drop into a tie with the Dodgers. Los Angeles Dodgers 4, San Francisco Giants 3: The Dodgers score two in the top of the ninth and hold on for the win. World Chess Championship A dispute leads to Vladimir Kramnik refusing to play the 5th game. The game is awarded to Veselin Topalov. Kramnik now leads 3 – 2, but the future of the match is now in doubt. American football: NCAA Division I-A Top 25: (23) Rutgers 22, South Florida 20: The Scarlet Knights' first stay in the national rankings since 1976 nearly ended here, as they had to overcome a halftime deficit and stop a Bulls two-point conversion attempt with 15 seconds left that would have tied the game. 28 September 2006 (Thursday) Cricket: Allegations of ball tampering against Pakistani cricket captain Inzamam-ul-Haq are dismissed during an ICC Code of Conduct hearing at the Oval in London. However, Inzamam was found guilty of having brought the game into disrepute and subsequently banned for four one day international matches. The allegations stem from an incident during the Fourth Test between Pakistan and England in August. (Cricinfo article) Major League Baseball playoff races: American League: Toronto Blue Jays 8, Detroit Tigers 6 Minnesota Twins 2, Kansas City Royals 1 Joe Mauer ties the game with a home run in the ninth inning, then Jason Bartlett singles home the winning run in the 10th. The Twins pull even with the Tigers in the AL Central. National League: Houston Astros 3, Pittsburgh Pirates 0: Houston is eliminated from wild-card contention, but still competes with St. Louis for the NL Central. Los Angeles Dodgers 19, Colorado Rockies 11: Dodgers increase wild card lead to 2 games. Cincinnati Reds 5, Florida Marlins 1: The Reds keep their slim playoff hopes alive. Washington Nationals 3, Philadelphia Phillies 1: Game starts over 4 hours late in front of a near empty stadium as they try to get the game in with little opportunity to reschedule this late in the season. Milwaukee Brewers 9, St. Louis Cardinals 4: The Cards' lead falls to ½ game over the Astros. San Diego Padres 12, Arizona Diamondbacks 4: Padres maintain 1 game lead in the West. The New York Mets announce that Pedro Martínez will miss the playoffs due to a calf injury. Yahoo! Sports American football: NCAA Division I-A Top 25: (2) Auburn 24, South Carolina 17 BYU 31, (17) TCU 17: The Cougars end the Horned Frogs' 13-game winning streak, and most likely end the Frogs' hopes of "busting" the BCS. Association football: 2006–07 UEFA Cup, first round, second leg, progressing teams shown in bold. Hapoel Tel Aviv 3 – 1 Chornomorets Odesa (aggregate: 4–1) Chievo 2 – 1 Sporting Braga (aet) (agg.: 2–3) Newcastle United 2 – 1 Levadia Tallinn (agg.: 3–1) Rangers 2 – 0 Molde (agg.: 2–0) Celta Vigo 3 – 0 Standard Liège (agg.: 4–0) Litex Lovech 1 – 3 Maccabi Haifa (agg.: 2–4) Paris St-Germain 2 – 0 Derry City (agg.: 2–0) Odense 1 – 0 Hertha Berlin (agg.: 3–2) Austria Vienna 1 – 0 Legia Warsaw (agg.: 2–1) Metalurh Zaporizhzhya 0 – 1 Panathinaikos (agg.: 1–2) Zulte-Waregem 2 – 0 Lokomotiv Moscow (agg.: 3–2) Sparta Prague 0 – 0 Hearts (agg.: 2–0) Randers 0 – 3 Fenerbahçe (agg.: 1–5) Blackburn Rovers 2 – 0 Red Bull Salzburg (agg.: 4–2) Nancy 3 – 1 Schalke 04 (agg.: 3–2) Lens 3 – 1 Ethnikos Achna (agg.: 3–1) Red Star Belgrade 1 – 2 Slovan Liberec (agg.: 1–4) Kayserispor 1 – 1 AZ Alkmaar (agg.: 3–4) Parma 1 – 0 Rubin Kazan (agg.: 2–0) Sevilla 4 – 0 Atromitos (agg.: 6–1) Brøndby 2 – 2 Eintracht Frankfurt (agg.: 2–6) CSKA Sofia 2–2 Beşiktaş (aet) (agg.: 2–4) Heerenveen 0 – 0 Vitória Setúbal (agg.: 3–0) Mladá Boleslav 4 – 2 Marseille (agg.: 4–3) Grasshoppers 5 – 0 Åtvidaberg (agg.: 8–0) Nacional 1 – 2 Rapid Bucharest (aet) (agg.: 1–3) Osasuna 0 – 0 Trabzonspor (agg.: 2–2 ) Rabotnički 0 – 1 FC Basel (agg.: 2–7) Palermo 3 – 0 West Ham United (agg.: 4–0) Feyenoord 0 – 0 Lokomotiv Sofia (agg.: 2–2 ) Club Brugge 1 – 1 Ružomberok (agg.: 2–1) Bayer Leverkusen 3 – 1 FC Sion (agg.: 3–1) Groningen 1 – 0 FK Partizan (agg.: 3–4) Dinamo Bucharest 4 – 1 Skoda Xanthi (agg.: 8–4) Tottenham Hotspur 1 – 0 Slavia Prague (agg.: 2–0) Ajax 4 – 0 I.K. Start (agg.: 9–2) Espanyol 3 – 1 Artmedia Bratislava (agg.: 5–3) Iraklis 0 – 2 Wisła Kraków (aet) (agg.: 1–2 ) Pasching 0 – 1 Livorno (agg.: 0–3) Auxerre 3 – 1 Dinamo Zagreb (agg.: 5–2) 27 September 2006 (Wednesday) World Chess Championship A draw leaves Vladimir Kramnik with a 3 – 1 lead over Veselin Topalov Association football: 2006–07 UEFA Champions League, group stage, matchday 2 Group A: Levski Sofia 1 – 3 Chelsea Didier Drogba scores all three of Chelsea's goals Group A: Werder Bremen 1 – 1 Barcelona Group B: Spartak Moscow 1 – 1 Sporting Group B: Internazionale 0 – 2 Bayern Munich Group C: Liverpool 3 – 2 Galatasaray Group C: Bordeaux 0 – 1 PSV Group D: Shakhtar Donetsk 2 – 2 Olympiakos Group D: Valencia 2 – 1 Roma National Football League Dallas Cowboys wide receiver Terrell Owens denies a Dallas police report that he tried to commit suicide Tuesday night. Owens says his hospitalization was due to an allergic reaction to the pain-reliever hydrocodone. (ESPN) (FOX Sports) (AP via Yahoo) Major League Baseball playoff races: American League: Toronto Blue Jays 7, Detroit Tigers 4 Kansas City Royals 6, Minnesota Twins 4: The Twins remain a game behind the Tigers in the AL Central. National League: Florida Marlins 7, Cincinnati Reds 2: The Reds are eliminated from the wild card race, but still are in contention in the NL Central. Houston Astros 7 Pittsburgh Pirates 6 (15 innings) Philadelphia Phillies 8, Washington Nationals 7 (14 innings) St. Louis Cardinals 4, San Diego Padres 2: Cardinals snap 7-game losing streak, maintaining 1½ game lead over Astros in the Central. Padres lead over Dodgers reduced to one game in the West. Los Angeles Dodgers 6, Colorado Rockies 4: Dodgers maintain 1-game lead over the Phillies for the wild card. 26 September 2006 (Tuesday) World Chess Championship A draw leaves Vladimir Kramnik with a 2½ – ½ lead over Veselin Topalov Association football: 2006–07 UEFA Champions League, group stage, matchday 2 Group E: Real Madrid 5 – 1 Dynamo Kyiv Ruud van Nistelrooy and Raúl each score two goals for Real. Group E: Steaua Bucharest 0 – 3 Lyon Group F: Benfica 0 – 1 Manchester United Group F: Celtic 1 – 0 Copenhagen Group G: CSKA Moscow 1 – 0 Hamburg Group G: Arsenal 2 – 0 FC Porto Group H: AEK 1 – 1 Anderlecht Group H: Lille 0 – 0 Milan Major League Baseball playoff races: American League: Detroit Tigers 4, Toronto Blue Jays 3 Minnesota Twins 3, Kansas City Royals 2: The Twins stay a game behind the Tigers in the AL Central. Texas Rangers 5, |Los Angeles Angels 2 Oakland Athletics 12, Seattle Mariners 3: The A's clinch the AL West. The AL playoff teams are now determined, with the Tigers and Twins still battling for the AL Central crown. National League: San Diego Padres 7, St. Louis Cardinals 5: In this matchup between the leaders of the NL West and Central, the Padres maintain their two-game lead over the Dodgers while sending the Redbirds to their seventh straight loss. Houston Astros 7, Pittsburgh Pirates 4: The Astros meanwhile win their seventh straight, closing to within 1½ games of the Cardinals. Cincinnati Reds 5, Florida Marlins 3: Florida is mathematically eliminated from the NL wild card race, while the Reds stay 1 game behind the Astros. Washington Nationals 4, Philadelphia Phillies 3 Los Angeles Dodgers 11, Colorado Rockies 4: The Dodgers take a one-game lead over Philly for the NL wild card. Greg Maddux throws only 76 pitches in six innings of work, prompting Dodgers manager Grady Little to announce that Maddux can start if needed against the San Francisco Giants in their season-closing weekend series. 25 September 2006 (Monday) Major League Baseball playoff races: American League: Cleveland Indians 14, Chicago White Sox 1: The defending World Series champs are eliminated, assuring Major League Baseball of a new champion for the sixth year in a row. Minnesota Twins 8, Kansas City Royals 1: The win, plus the White Sox loss, punches the Twins' playoff ticket. They are now 1 game behind the idle Detroit Tigers in the AL Central. |Los Angeles Angels 8, Texas Rangers 3: The Angels stay mathematically alive in the AL West race. Seattle Mariners 10, Oakland Athletics 9: The A's end the night as they started it, needing a win and an Angels loss to clinch the AL West. National League: Cincinnati Reds 5, Chicago Cubs 4: In his first appearance since a September 4 toe injury, Ken Griffey Jr. hits a three-run pinch-hit homer in the eighth to give the Reds their winning margin, tying Reggie Jackson for 10th on the all-time home run list. Houston Astros 5, Philadelphia Phillies 4: In a makeup of a September 5 rainout, the Astros win their sixth straight game and drop the Phils into a tie with the idle Los Angeles Dodgers for the wild-card lead. San Diego Padres 6, St. Louis Cardinals 5: In the meantime, the Redbirds lose their sixth straight game, reducing their lead over the Astros in the NL Central to 2½ games. The Padres stretch their AL West lead to two games over the Dodgers. NFL Monday Night Football: New Orleans Saints 23, Atlanta Falcons 3 In the first NFL game in New Orleans since Hurricane Katrina, which saw a pregame show featuring Green Day and U2 and a coin toss conducted by former President George H. W. Bush, the Saints score a touchdown on a blocked punt 90 seconds in, and never look back. Drew Brees goes 20-for-28 passing with 180 yards and a TD, while the Saints defense holds the Falcons to 229 total yards. 24 September 2006 (Sunday) Major League Baseball playoff races American League: Detroit Tigers 11, Kansas City Royals 4: The Tigers clinch a post-season spot for the first time since 1987. Minnesota Twins 6, Baltimore Orioles 4: The Tigers remain 1½ games ahead of Minnesota in the American League Central. |Los Angeles Angels 7, Oakland Athletics 1: Oakland's magic number for the AL West title remains at 2. National League: San Diego Padres 2, Pittsburgh Pirates 1: Trevor Hoffman earns his 479th career save, setting a major league record previously held by Lee Smith. Los Angeles Dodgers 5, Arizona Diamondbacks 1: Nomar Garciaparra hits a walk-off grand slam, and the Dodgers remain 1½ games behind the Padres in the NL West. Philadelphia Phillies 10, Florida Marlins 7: Chase Utley hits two homers in the win, keeping the Pheightin' Phillies ½ ahead of the Dodgers for the Wild Card. Colorado Rockies 9, Atlanta Braves 8: This loss, combined with the Phillies' win, mathematically eliminates the Braves from the NL wild card race. This will be the first time since 1990 that the Braves will have missed the postseason. Cincinnati Reds 3, Chicago Cubs 2 Houston Astros 7, St. Louis Cardinals 3 World Chess Championship Vladimir Kramnik takes a 2–0 lead over Veselin Topalov Golf: 36th Ryder Cup Matches Team Europe retains the Ryder Cup by an 18½–9½ margin over Team United States. The victory, by the same margin as in 2004, also makes this European team the first to win three straight Ryder Cups outright. National Football League Week 3: Carolina Panthers 26, Tampa Bay Buccaneers 24: John Kasay's fourth field goal, a 48-yarder on the last play, gives Carolina its first win. The loss is tempered by Bucs' QB Chris Simms having emergency spleen-removal surgery and a blood transfusion following the game. Simms' life is not in danger. Chicago Bears 19, Minnesota Vikings 16: Rex Grossman hits Rashied Davis on a 24-yard touchdown pass with 1:52 to play for the only offensive touchdown in a game dominated by defense. Cincinnati Bengals 28, Pittsburgh Steelers 20: Two fourth-quarter Pittsburgh fumbles lead to two T. J. Houshmandzadeh touchdown receptions. Green Bay Packers 31, Detroit Lions 24: Brett Favre becomes the second NFL quarterback, after Dan Marino, to throw 400 touchdown passes in his career. Indianapolis Colts 21, Jacksonville Jaguars 14: Terrence Wilkins returns a punt 82 yards for an Indy touchdown, but Peyton Manning's first rushing TD since 2002 proves to be the difference. New York Jets 28, Buffalo Bills 21 – The Bills record 475 total yards but commit three costly turnovers and go 0-for-3 on fourth-down conversions. Miami Dolphins 13, Tennessee Titans 10: Travis Daniels seals the game with an interception after Olindo Mare kicks a 39-yard field goal with 3:39 left. Washington Redskins 31, Houston Texans 15: Redskins quarterback Mark Brunell completes his first 22 passes, breaking the previous NFL single-game record of 21 straight completions by Rich Gannon in 2001. Baltimore Ravens 15, Cleveland Browns, 14: The Ravens sack Charlie Frye seven times and win on a last-minute 52-yard field goal from Matt Stover. Seattle Seahawks 42, New York Giants 30: Seattle takes a 35–0 lead in the second quarter and withstands a furious fourth-quarter comeback attempt. Matt Hasselbeck ties a career-high with five touchdown passes. Philadelphia Eagles 38, San Francisco 49ers 24 : Brian Westbrook puts up 164 yards from scrimmage and scores three touchdowns as the Eagles bounce back from last week's humbling loss in overtime to the Giants. St. Louis Rams 16, Arizona Cardinals 14: Kurt Warner throws three interceptions, then fumbles a snap in Rams territory with less than two minutes left after the Rams fumble inside their 20-yard line. Denver Broncos 17, New England Patriots 7: Javon Walker catches touchdown passes of 32 and 83 yards for Denver. Idle: Dallas Cowboys, Oakland Raiders, Kansas City Chiefs, San Diego Chargers. Basketball: University Athletics Association of the Philippines 69th basketball tournament – Championship round (Philippine Daily Inquirer): Men's Finals: (1) Ateneo Blue Eagles 73, (3) UST Growling Tigers 72 – a tightly contested game all throughout, the Tigers converted a fadeaway jumper with a second remaining in the final period to put them up, 72–71. After a time out, the Eagles had an open man in the paint, in which they capitalized, escaping with a 73–72 finish. Women's Finals: (2) FEU Lady Tamaraws 75, (3) UST Tigresses 67 – the Lady Tamaraws avenged their last-second loss in Game 1 to set up a deciding third game in their series against the Tigresses. Juniors' Finals: (1) Ateneo Blue Eaglets 73, (2) FEU-FERN Baby Tamaraws 65 – the Eaglets shook off rust and lead practically from start to finish as they extend the series to a deciding third game. Auto racing: Chase for the NEXTEL Cup: Jeff Burton wins the Dover 400 and claims the points lead. Champ Car: A. J. Allmendinger wins the Grand Prix of Road America, marred by a major accident involving Katherine Legge. 23 September 2006 (Saturday) 2006 Australian Football League Finals Series – Week 3 Preliminary Final: West Coast Eagles 11.19 (85), Adelaide Crows 11.9 (75) Basketball: 2006 FIBA World Championship for Women, Final Australia 91, Russia 74 — The Opals win their first gold in a major world event behind 28 points from tournament MVP Penny Taylor. Major League Baseball: Barry Bonds hits his 734th career home run to set a new National League career record. However, his San Francisco Giants lose 10–8 to the Milwaukee Brewers in Milwaukee, where previous NL record holder and current all-time MLB career home run leader Hank Aaron started and finished his major-league career. World Chess Championship Vladimir Kramnik takes a 1–0 lead over Veselin Topalov American football: Associated Press NCAA Division I-A Top 25: (1) Ohio State 28, (24) Penn State 6 (2) Auburn 38, Buffalo 7 (3) USC 20, Arizona 3 (4) West Virginia 27, East Carolina 10 (5) Florida 26, Kentucky 7 (6) Michigan 27, Wisconsin 13 (7) Texas 37, Iowa State 14 (8) Louisville 24, Kansas State 6 (9) Georgia 14, Colorado 13 (10) LSU 49, Tulane 7 (11) Virginia Tech 29, Cincinnati 13 (12) Notre Dame 40, Michigan State 37: On the 40th anniversary of "The Game of the Century", The Irish come back from a 17-point deficit to beat the Spartans in East Lansing. (14) Iowa 24, Illinois 7 (15) Tennessee 33, Marshall 7 (17) Oklahoma 59, Middle Tennessee 0 (18) Florida State 55, Rice 7 (19) Clemson 52, North Carolina 7 NC State 17, (20) Boston College 15 (21) California 49, (22) Arizona State 21 (23) Nebraska 56, Troy 0 (25) Boise State 41, Hawaii 34 22 September 2006 (Friday) 2006 Australian Football League Finals Series – Week 3 Preliminary Final: Sydney Swans 19.13 (127), Fremantle Dockers 14.8 (92) Major League Baseball: In a 3–2 win over the New York Mets, the Washington Nationals' Alfonso Soriano becomes the first player in MLB history to collect 40 home runs, 40 stolen bases, and 40 doubles in a season. Barry Bonds hits his 733rd career home run, tying Hank Aaron for the National League record. The blast took place atMiller Park in Milwaukee, the same city where Aaron played the first half of his career with the Milwaukee Braves and finished it with the Milwaukee Brewers. Basketball: 82nd NCAA (Philippines) basketball tournament – Championship round (Philippine Daily Inquirer) Seniors' tournament: (1) San Beda Red Lions 68, (2) PCU Dolphins 67 In the deciding Game 3 of the Championship series between San Beda and Philippine Christian, the Dolphins had a better start; although the Red Lions caught up with them and blew the game wide open, leading by as much as twenty points. Down by fifteen points at the start of the fourth quarter, the Dolphins mounted a furious comeback, cutting the lead into one point with 24.8 seconds remaining. After a San Beda turnover, PCU had a crack on winning the game – and the championship. The Dolphins play set up took too long, and with time running out, the Dolphins shot the ball; it bounced off the rim, leading into a San Beda rebound. San Beda wins their first seniors basketball title in 28 years. Red Lion Yousif Aljamal was named Finals Most Valuable Player. 21 September 2006 (Thursday) Major League Baseball: David Ortiz breaks Jimmie Foxx' 68-year-old Boston Red Sox team record for home runs in a season with his 51st, a solo shot against Johan Santana of the Minnesota Twins. Ortiz later hits a second home run in the Sox' 6–0 win, which keeps the Twins one-half game behind the Detroit Tigers in the American League Central Division. Basketball: Only nine months after undergoing surgery to have his entire colon removed, former NBA standout Dajuan Wagner signs a two-year deal with the Golden State Warriors. University Athletics Association of the Philippines 69th basketball tournament semifinals (Philippine Daily Inquirer) Men's semifinals: (3) UST Growling Tigers 82, (2) UE Red Warriors 81 Title favorite UE succumbed to pressure and was eliminated in the title hunt; the Tigers converted a three-point play with 55 seconds remaining to lead 82–79. Despite a two-point field goal by the Warriors, they weren't able to capitalize in the UST turnover as they missed two field goal attempts to end their season. Women's Finals: (1) UST Tigresses 52, (2) FEU Lady Tamaraws 49 – a buzzer-beating three-pointer from UST puts them up 1–0 in the best of three series. Juniors' Finals: (2) FEU-FERN Baby Tamaraws 67, (1) Ateneo Blue Eaglets 55 – the undefeated Ateneo squad absorbed its first setback in the season as they trail 0–1 in the best of three series. 20 September 2006 (Wednesday) Major League Baseball: The New York Yankees lost to the Toronto Blue Jays 3–2, but they clinched their ninth straight American League East title when the Minnesota Twins defeat the Boston Red Sox, 8–2. The nine straight is the longest current post-season run in baseball. Basketball: 82nd NCAA (Philippines) basketball tournament – Championship round (Manila Bulletin) Seniors' tournament: (2) PCU Dolphins 72, (1) San Beda Red Lions 50 With their backs against the wall, the PCU Dolphins overcame the San Beda Red Lions, blowing out the felines at the second game of their best-of-three series at the Araneta Coliseum. The third game will decide this year's seniors' championship. Juniors' tournament: (2) San Sebastian Staglets 65, (1) PCU Baby Dolphins 41 After trailing 0–6, the Staglets evened the score at 6-all and ultimately took a commanding lead – 28 points at one point – to win their second consecutive juniors' championship. 19 September 2006 (Tuesday) Minor League Baseball: The Tucson Sidewinders of the Pacific Coast League defeat the International League Toledo Mud Hens 5–2 to win the one-game AAA Championship at the AT&T Bricktown Ballpark in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. 18 September 2006 (Monday) Major League Baseball: The New York Mets defeat the Florida Marlins, 4–0, to clinch their first National League East title since 1988, and the first not to be claimed by the Atlanta Braves since the 1994 realignment. The last team other than the Braves to win the NL East were the Philadelphia Phillies in 1993. The Los Angeles Dodgers hit back-to-back-to-back-to-back home runs in the ninth inning to tie the San Diego Padres, then win, 11–10, on Nomar Garciaparra's two-run homer in the 10th inning. It is the fourth time in major-league history, and the first time since 1964, that a team hits four consecutive home runs. (AP via Boston Globe) National Football League: Monday Night Football: Jacksonville Jaguars 9, Pittsburgh Steelers 0 — In the first shutout of a defending Super Bowl champion since 1981, the Jaguars hold the Steelers to 26 rushing yards. Three Josh Scobee field goals comprise the scoring; Rashean Mathis has two interceptions. Cincinnati Bengals linebacker David Pollack and Philadelphia Eagles defensive end Jevon Kearse will miss the rest of the season with injuries, their respective teams announce. (nfl.com) Basketball: 82nd NCAA (Philippines) basketball tournament – Championship round (Philippine Daily Inquirer) Seniors' tournament: (1) San Beda Red Lions 71, (2) PCU Dolphins 57 With the Dolphins keeping the game close at the first two quarters, the Red Lions charged ahead at the third period, scoring twenty points as opposed to PCU's five. San Beda pulled away at the final quarter to draw first blood in the best-of-three championship series. San Beda's Nigerian student Samuel Ekwe was named Most Valuable Player, Rookie of the Year, Defensive Player of the Year and member of the all-NCAA team. Juniors' tournament: (2) San Sebastian Staglets 57, (1) PCU Baby Dolphins 50 The Baby Dolphins posted leads at the first three quarters. With San Sebastian's shooters converting outside shots, the Staglets turned the tables and captured the lead at the dying seconds. The Baby Dolphins had two chances to tie but they missed their attempts, giving the Staglets the 1–0 lead in the best-of-three series. 17 September 2006 (Sunday) National Football League Week 2: Cincinnati Bengals 34, Cleveland Browns 17 Buffalo Bills 16, Miami Dolphins 6 Minnesota Vikings 16, Carolina Panthers 13 (OT) Chicago Bears 34, Detroit Lions 7 Indianapolis Colts 43, Houston Texans 24 New York Giants 30, Philadelphia Eagles 24 (OT): The G-men come from a 17-point deficit – aided by an ill-advised personal foul against the Eagles – and win on a Plaxico Burress 31-yard touchdown pass from Eli Manning. Baltimore Ravens 28, Oakland Raiders 6 Atlanta Falcons 14, Tampa Bay Buccaneers 3: For the third time in NFL history, a quarterback (Michael Vick) and a running back (Warrick Dunn) each get 100 yards rushing. The Philadelphia Eagles turned the trick twice before in 1990 and 2002. Seattle Seahawks 21, Arizona Cardinals 10 San Francisco 49ers 20, St. Louis Rams 13 Denver Broncos 9, Kansas City Chiefs 6 (OT) New England Patriots 24, New York Jets 17: Eric Mangini loses to his teacher Bill Belichick. San Diego Chargers 40, Tennessee Titans 7 Dallas Cowboys 24, Washington Redskins 10: The Cowboys win, but Terrell Owens is lost for between three and five weeks with a broken hand. Cycling: Alexander Vinokourov wins the 2006 Tour of Spain. Tennis: The second day of the 2006 Fed Cup Final takes place in Charleroi, with the score 1–1 after the previous day. The game is decided in the fifth and final match, the doubles, when Justine Henin-Hardenne is forced to retire through injury making Italy the 2006 Fed Cup winners. 2–3 : Justine Henin-Hardenne beats Francesca Schiavone 6–4 7–5. Mara Santangelo beats Kirsten Flipkens 6–7 6–3 6–0. Kirsten Flipkens and Justine Henin-Hardenne retire against Francesca Schiavone and Roberta Vinci 3–6 6–2 2–0. Basketball: Five players at Duquesne University in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania are shot on campus early today after they tried to calm a disturbed man at a dance. Three of the five are hospitalized, with one in critical condition. (ESPN) University Athletics Association of the Philippines 69th basketball tournament semifinals (Philippine Daily Inquirer) Men's tournament: (1) Ateneo Blue Eagles 76, (4) Adamson Soaring Falcons 73 A costly miss by the Falcons with 1.9 seconds left gave the Eagles the victory – and the first Finals berth. Men's tournament: (3) UST Growling Tigers 79, (2) UE Red Warriors 75 A three-point play by the Tigers in the last 21.1 seconds gave UST enough breathing room to force an elimination game against the Red Warriors. Women's tournament: (1) UST Tigresses 72, (4) UP Lady Maroons 68; (2) FEU Lady Tamaraws 46, (3) Ateneo Lady Eagles 44 UST and FEU face off in the best-of-three Finals series. Juniors' tournament: (2) FEU-FERN Baby Tamaraws 76, (4) Adamson Baby Falcons 66 FEU-FERN meets the Ateneo Blue Eaglets in their best-of-three Finals series. Rugby union 2006 Women's Rugby World Cup The Black Ferns of New Zealand defeat England in the final to win their third title in a row. France defeats hosts Canada in the third/fourth place playoff. Auto racing: Kevin Harvick wins the Sylvania 300 as the 2006 Chase for the NEXTEL Cup starts. 16 September 2006 (Saturday) Baseball – Washington Nationals second baseman Alfonso Soriano becomes the fourth player in major league history to achieve 40 home runs and 40 stolen bases in a season. He reaches the milestone with a steal of second against the Milwaukee Brewers. (CNNSI) 2006 Wheelchair Rugby World Championships (TVNZ) Final – 34–30 3rd place playoff – 23–19 2006 Australian Football League Finals Series – Week 2 Semifinal: West Coast Eagles 16.17 (113), Western Bulldogs 5.9 (39) American football: Associated Press NCAA Division I-A Top 25: (1) Ohio State 37, Cincinnati 7 (11) Michigan 47, (2) Notre Dame 21 (3) Auburn 7, (6) LSU 3 (4) USC 28, (19) Nebraska 10 (7) Florida 21, (13) Tennessee 20 (8) Texas 52, Rice 7 Clemson 27, (9) Florida State 20 (10) Georgia 34, UAB 0 (12) Louisville 31, (17) Miami (Florida) 7 (14) Virginia Tech 36, Duke 0 (18) Oregon 34, (15) Oklahoma 33 (16) Iowa 27, Iowa State 17 (20) TCU 12, (24) Texas Tech 3 (21) Cal 42, Portland State 16 (22) Arizona State 21, Colorado 3 (23) Boston College 30, BYU 23 (2OT) (25) Penn State 37, Youngstown State 3 Tennis: In Charleroi, the 2006 Fed Cup Final between Belgium and Italy takes place during the weekend, with on the opening day the first two singles matches. With Belgian Kim Clijsters absent through injury, Italy has an opportunity to win its first ever Fed Cup. 1–1 : Francesca Schiavone beats Kirsten Flipkens 6–1 6–3. Justine Henin-Hardenne beats Flavia Pennetta 6–4 7–5. 15 September 2006 (Friday) 2006 Australian Football League Finals Series – Week 2 Semifinal: Fremantle Dockers 14.18 (102), Melbourne Demons 11.8 (74) Association football: UEFA has lifted its month-long ban on matches in Israel, effective immediately. The recent UEFA policy of restricting home matches involving Israeli club teams or the Israel national team to the Tel Aviv area is restored. (UEFA) 14 September 2006 (Thursday) Association football: 2006–07 UEFA Cup, first round, first leg. Chornomorets Odesa 0 – 1 Hapoel Tel Aviv Sporting Braga 2 – 0 Chievo Levadia Tallinn 0 – 1 Newcastle United Molde 0 – 0 Rangers Standard Liège 0 – 1 Celta Vigo Maccabi Haifa 1 – 1 Litex Lovech (played at Nijmegen, Netherlands) Derry City 0 – 0 Paris St-Germain Hertha Berlin 2 – 2 Odense Legia Warsaw 1 – 1 Austria Vienna Panathinaikos 1 – 1 Metalurh Zaporizhzhya Lokomotiv Moscow 2 – 1 Zulte-Waregem Hearts 0 – 2 Sparta Prague Fenerbahçe 2 – 1 Randers Red Bull Salzburg 2 – 2 Blackburn Rovers Schalke 04 1 – 0 Nancy Ethnikos Achna 0 – 0 Lens Slovan Liberec 2 – 0 Red Star Belgrade AZ Alkmaar 3 – 2 Kayserispor Rubin Kazan 0 – 1 Parma Atromitos 1 – 2 Sevilla Eintracht Frankfurt 4 – 0 Brøndby Beşiktaş 2 – 0 CSKA Sofia Vitória Setúbal 0 – 3 Heerenveen Marseille 1 – 0 Mladá Boleslav Åtvidaberg 0 – 3 Grasshoppers Rapid Bucharest 1 – 0 Nacional Trabzonspor 2 – 2 Osasuna FC Basel 6 – 2 Rabotnički West Ham United 0 – 1 Palermo Lokomotiv Sofia 2 – 2 Feyenoord Ružomberok 0 – 1 Club Brugge FC Sion 0 – 0 Bayer Leverkusen FK Partizan 4 – 2 Groningen Skoda Xanthi 3 – 4 Dinamo Bucharest Slavia Prague 0 – 1 Tottenham Hotspur I.K. Start 2 – 5 Ajax Artmedia Bratislava 2 – 2 Espanyol Wisła Kraków 0 – 1 Iraklis Livorno 2 – 0 Pasching Dinamo Zagreb 1 – 2 Auxerre American football: Associated Press NCAA Division I-A Top 25: (5) West Virginia 45, Maryland 24 Basketball: 69th University Athletics Association of the Philippines basketball tournament – Semifinal round (Philippine Star) Men's tournament: UST Growling Tigers 85, Adamson Soaring Falcons 71 The Tigers seized the 3rd seed in this classification game. UST will meet second seed UE Red Warriors while the Falcons will face first seed Ateneo Blue Eagles in the semifinals. Women's tournament: (4) UP Lady Maroons 72, (1) UST Tigresses 64; (3) Ateneo Lady Eagles 63, FEU Lady Tamaraws 53 Juniors' tournament: (4) Adamson Baby Falcons 84, (3) UPIS Junior Maroons 78 13 September 2006 (Wednesday) Association football: 2006–07 UEFA Champions League – Group stage – Matchday 1 (UEFA.com) Group E: Dynamo Kyiv 1 – 4 Steaua Bucharest Group E: Lyon 2 – 0 Real Madrid Group F: Manchester United 3 – 2 Celtic Group F: Copenhagen 0 – 0 Benfica Group G: FC Porto 0 – 0 CSKA Moscow Group G: Hamburg 1 – 2 Arsenal Group H: Anderlecht 1 – 1 Lille Group H: Milan 3 – 0 AEK Basketball: 82nd NCAA (Philippines) basketball tournament – Semifinal round (Philippine Daily Inquirer) Seniors' tournament: (1) San Beda Red Lions 55, (4) Mapúa Cardinals 51 The Red Lions barged into their first Finals appearance in nine years after the overcame the Cardinals in a come from behind win. Seniors' tournament: (2) PCU Dolphins 72, (3) Letran Knights 50 The Dolphins came out with all cylinders firing as they held off Letran from defending their title in the Finals. The Dolphins are in their third straight Finals appearance. Juniors' tournament: (2) San Sebastian Staglets 61, (3) San Beda Red Cubs 52; (1) PCU Baby Dolphins 67, (4) JRU Light Bombers 66 12 September 2006 (Tuesday) Association football: 2006–07 UEFA Champions League – Group stage – Matchday 1 (UEFA.com) Group A: Barcelona 5 – 0 Levski Sofia Group A: Chelsea 2 – 0 Werder Bremen Group B: Sporting 1 – 0 Internazionale Group B: Bayern Munich 4 – 0 Spartak Moscow Group C: Galatasaray 0 – 0 Bordeaux Group C: PSV 0 – 0 Liverpool Group D: Olympiakos 2 – 4 Valencia Fernando Morientes has a hat-trick for Valencia. Group D: Roma 4 – 0 Shakhtar Donetsk National Football League: One day after acquiring rights to wide receiver Deion Branch from the New England Patriots in exchange for a first-round draft pick, the Seattle Seahawks sign him to a $39-million contract. Also, Boston newspapers report the Patriots have filed a tampering charge against the New York Jets, accusing the Jets of discussing a trade with Branch while he was still under contract with New England. (AP via Canoe.ca) Major League Baseball: Bobby Abreu ties an American League record for RBIs in an inning with six in the first inning of the New York Yankees' game against the Tampa Bay Devil Rays. Abreu homers and doubles in the Yankees' nine-run inning. 11 September 2006 (Monday) NFL Monday Night Football season opening doubleheader: Minnesota Vikings 19, Washington Redskins 16: Ryan Longwell kicks a 31-yard field goal with 1 minute remaining to give Minnesota the lead. Forty-eight seconds later, John Hall misses a 48-yard field goal that would have tied the game. San Diego Chargers 27, Oakland Raiders 0: LaDainian Tomlinson rushes for 131 yards and a touchdown, outgaining the Raiders offense (129 yards) by himself. Chargers QB Philip Rivers only attempts 11 passes in the game but completes eight, including a TD. The Chargers defense collects nine sacks, three by Shawne Merriman. Ice hockey: New York Islanders goaltender Rick DiPietro signs a 15-year contract with the club, the second-longest contract in league history behind Wayne Gretzky's uncompleted 20-year contract in 1979. Controversial owner Charles Wang was directly involved in negotiations, and had several seasons ago signed centre Alexei Yashin to a similar super-long-term contract. (TSN) 10 September 2006 (Sunday) Auto racing Michael Schumacher, the most successful driver in Formula One history, announces that he is to retire following the season, making the announcement following a victory in the Italian Grand Prix.(BBC) IRL: Dan Wheldon wins the Peak Antifreeze Indy 300. Sam Hornish Jr. finishes third, winning the season championship by tiebreaker over Wheldon due to more wins during the season. National Football League Week 1 Sunday games: New Orleans Saints 19, Cleveland Browns 14: Reggie Bush runs for 61 yards on 14 carries and catches eight passes for 58 yards in his regular-season debut. Atlanta Falcons 20, Carolina Panthers 6: Atlanta puts up 252 rushing yards against the team widely favored to win the NFC. Baltimore Ravens 27, Tampa Bay Buccaneers 0: The Ravens defense intercepts Chris Simms three times, sacks him three times and holds the Bucs to 26 rushing yards. New England Patriots 19, Buffalo Bills 17: The Pats win on a fourth-quarter safety by Ty Warren. Cincinnati Bengals 23, Kansas City Chiefs 10: The Bengals record seven sacks. Bengals defensive end Robert Geathers knocks Chiefs quarterback Trent Green out of the game with a hit in the third quarter. St. Louis Rams 18, Denver Broncos 10: The Rams don't get in the endzone, but win on six Jeff Wilkins field goals and six Broncos turnovers. New York Jets 23, Tennessee Titans 16: After losing a 16-point lead in the fourth-quarter, the Jets win on a 12-yard touchdown pass from Chad Pennington to Chris Baker. Philadelphia Eagles 24, Houston Texans 10: Donovan McNabb completes 24 of 35 passes for 314 yards and three touchdowns. Seattle Seahawks 9, Detroit Lions 6: The defending NFC champs need a last-second Josh Brown field goal to beat the Lions. Detroit blocked two field goals in a game for the first time since 2001. Chicago Bears 26, Green Bay Packers 0: The Packers are shut out for the first time since 1991. Devin Hester returns a punt 84 yards for a touchdown, and Robbie Gould kicks four field goals for the Bears. Jacksonville Jaguars 24, Dallas Cowboys 17: The Jags fall behind 10–0 early but go ahead on rushing touchdowns by Byron Leftwich and Fred Taylor. Terrell Owens has six catches for 80 yards and a touchdown in his Cowboys debut. Arizona Cardinals 34, San Francisco 49ers 27: The Cardinals score three first-quarter touchdowns — three more than they scored last year — and hold on to win the first game at University of Phoenix Stadium. Kurt Warner throws for 301 yards and three touchdowns. Indianapolis Colts 26, New York Giants 21: Peyton Manning outduels brother Eli in their first meeting, throwing for 276 yards and a touchdown to Dallas Clark that puts Indianapolis up 13–0 in the second quarter. Eli completes two touchdown passes to keep the game close, but is charged with a costly fumble and interception in the second half. Tennis: 2006 U.S. Open men's final: Roger Federer (1) def. Andy Roddick (9), 6–2, 4–6, 7–5, 6–1, winning his third straight U.S. Open. 2006 Australian Football League Finals Series – Week 1 Elimination Final: Western Bulldogs 18.13 (121), Collingwood Magpies 11.14 (80) 9 September 2006 (Saturday) Auto racing: NASCAR NEXTEL Cup: Kevin Harvick wins the Chevy Rock and Roll 400, the final race before the Chase for the NEXTEL Cup. Tony Stewart fails to qualify and will be unable to defend his crown. Joining Matt Kenseth and Jimmie Johnson, who qualified earlier are Kevin Harvick, Jeff Gordon, Kyle Busch, Dale Earnhardt Jr., Denny Hamlin, Mark Martin, Jeff Burton and Kasey Kahne. American football: Associated Press NCAA Division I-A top 25: (1) Ohio State 24, (2) Texas 7 (T4) Auburn 34, Mississippi State 0 (T4) Notre Dame 41, (19) Penn State 17 (6) West Virginia 52, Eastern Washington 3 (7) Florida 42, Central Florida 0 (8) LSU 45, Arizona 3 (9) Florida State 24, Troy 17 (10) Michigan 41, Central Michigan 17 (11) Tennessee 31, Air Force 30 (12) Georgia 18, South Carolina 0 (13) Louisville 62, Temple 0 (14) Iowa 20, Syracuse 13 (2 OT) (15) Oklahoma 37, Washington 20 (16) Virginia Tech 35, North Carolina 10 (17) Miami (FL) 51, Florida A&M 10 Boston College 34, (18) Clemson 33 (2 OT) (20) Oregon 31, Fresno State 24 (21) Nebraska 56, Nicholls State 7 (22) Cal 42, Minnesota 17 (23) TCU 46, UC-Davis 13 (24) Texas Tech 38, UTEP 35 (OT) (25) Arizona State 52, Nevada 21 Basketball: The Detroit Shock wins the Women's National Basketball Association championship defeating defending champions, the Sacramento Monarchs, 80–75 in Game 5 of the final series. (Sports Illustrated) Season host UE Red Warriors defeated the Ateneo Blue Eagles at the elimination round finale of the 69th University Athletics Association of the Philippines men's basketball tournament, 78–75, at the PhilSports Arena. Ateneo maintained their #1 seed at the crossover Finals, with a 10–2 record. The Red Warriors, on the other hand, retained the second seed with an 8–4 card. Rounding out the semifinals cast are the Adamson Soaring Falcons and the UST Growling Tigers tied with 6–6. The Falcons and the Tigers will dispute third seed in a classification game. Eliminated are the defending champions FEU Tamaraws (5–7), UP Fighting Maroons (4–8), NU Bulldogs (3–9) and De La Salle Green Archers (suspended). Philippine Daily Inquirer Rugby union: 2006 Tri Nations Series 24–16 at Ellis Park, Johannesburg The Springboks end the Tri Nations with the wooden spoon but on a high note, defeating the Wallabies in a mistake-riddled match behind tries by Fourie du Preez and Breyton Paulse. Tennis: 2006 U.S. Open women's final: Maria Sharapova defeats Justine Henin-Hardenne 6–4, 6–4 for her second career Grand Slam championship. 2006 Australian Football League Finals Series – Week 1 Qualifying Final (Winner gets Week 2 bye): Adelaide Crows 10.16 (76), Fremantle Dockers 7.4 (46) Qualifying Final: Sydney Swans: 13.7 (85), West Coast Eagles 12.12 (84) 8 September 2006 (Friday) Basketball: The PCU Dolphins seized the last twice to beat advantage in the semifinals of the 82nd National Collegiate Athletic Association (Philippines) men's basketball tournament, as they beat the Letran Knights, 67–62, at the Araneta Coliseum. Letran now has to win twice against the Dolphins in order to advance to the best-of-three Finals against the winner of the San Beda Red Lions–Mapúa Cardinals semifinal series. 2006 Australian Football League Finals Series – Week 1 Elimination Final (Loser is eliminated): Melbourne Demons 13.12 (90), St. Kilda Saints 10.12 (72) 7 September 2006 (Thursday) National Football League Kickoff Game: Pittsburgh Steelers 28, Miami Dolphins 17 – Charlie Batch throws for 209 yards and three touchdowns with one fumble in the victory in place of injured Ben Roethlisberger. Daunte Culpepper returns from his injury to throw for 262 yards with 2 interceptions (by Troy Polamalu and Joey Porter). Ronnie Brown rushed for 2 touchdowns for the Dolphins. 6 September 2006 (Wednesday) Baseball: Florida Marlins pitcher Aníbal Sánchez throws a no-hitter against the Arizona Diamondbacks. The Marlins win 2–0. Sánchez' no-hitter is the first in the major leagues since Randy Johnson's perfect game in May 2004 and the fourth in Marlins history. It also ends the longest gap in time between no-hitters in Major League Baseball since World War II, and the longest in history in terms of total major-league games played. Football: Euro 2008 qualifying Group A: 1–1 Group A: 1–1 Group A: 0–1 Group A: 1–1 Group B: 3–1 Group B: 1–2 Group B: 3–2 Group C: 2–0 Group C: 2–0 Group C: 1–3 Group D: 0–13 Group D: 0–3 Group E: 0–1 Group E: 4–1 Group E: 0–0 Group F: 0–2 Group F: 3–1 Group F: 3–2 Group G: 0–2 Group G: 3–0 Group G: 3–0 Basketball: The San Beda Red Lions closed the elimination round of the 82nd National Collegiate Athletic Association (Philippines) men's basketball tournament, with a come from behind win against the Letran Knights, 54–44, at the Araneta Coliseum. Contested earlier was the game between the PCU Dolphins and the Mapúa Cardinals in which the Dolphins won, 75–65. Armed with a twice to beat advantage at the semifinals, San Beda finished at the top of the standings, with a 13 win-1 loss record, followed by Letran and PCU (tied at 10–4), and Mapua with 7–7. Out of contention are the UPHSD Altas (5–9), the JRU Heavy Bombers and the San Sebastian Stags (tied at 4–10), and season host St. Benilde Blazers (3–11). Letran and PCU will dispute the last twice to beat advantage slot at a later game. 2006 WNBA Finals Game 4 Detroit Shock-72, Sacramento Monarchs-52, Series Tied 2-2 4 September 2006 (Monday) American football: Associated Press NCAA top 25 (11) Florida State 13, (10) Miami (FL) 10 – The Seminoles hold the Hurricanes to 12 yards, one first down and no points in the second half. Canadian football: Labour Day Classic Calgary Stampeders 44, Edmonton Eskimos 23 – Eskies QB Ricky Ray was sacked five times in the Edmonton loss, while Calgary QB Henry Burris connected on three touchdown passes and rushed for one more in the Stamps victory. Edmonton is in danger of missing the CFL playoffs for the first time since 1971. Toronto Argonauts 40, Hamilton Tiger-Cats 6 – Argos quarterback Damon Allen threw 207 passing yards, eclipsing Warren Moon to become the all-time leading passer in either Canadian or American football. The record-breaking play was a 29-yard touchdown pass to Arland Bruce III in the third quarter, one of Allen's two touchdowns of the day. Meanwhile, Hamilton's offensive woes continue, having not scored a touchdown in the past four games. Association football: The Confederation of African Football (CAF) announces the venues for three future African Cup of Nations competitions. The 2010 ACN will be held in Angola, the 2012 ACN will be shared by Gabon and Equatorial Guinea, and the 2014 ACN will be held in Libya. Nigeria will be held in reserve should any of the awarded countries prove unable to stage the competitions. CAF are also supporting Nigeria's bid for the 2009 FIFA Under-17 World Cup, which FIFA has already awarded to Africa. (CAFonline) 3 September 2006 (Sunday) Auto racing: Kasey Kahne wins the NASCAR NEXTEL Cup Sony HD 500. None of the remaining eight drivers in the top ten clinched a spot in the 2006 Chase for the NEXTEL Cup. Tennis: Andre Agassi loses to Benjamin Becker in the 4th round of the 2006 U.S. Open. The final score is 7–5, 6–7 (4), 6–4, 7–5. This match marks Agassi's retirement, after 21 years of playing in the US Open. MSNBC Basketball 2006 FIBA World Championship — Championship Game Spain 70, Greece 47 — No Pau Gasol? No problem for Spain. The Memphis Grizzlies star broke his foot in the semifinal against Argentina, but Jorge Garbajosa and Juan Carlos Navarro pick up the slack with 20 points each, and Spain's defense completely throttles a Greece team that had put 101 on Team USA in the other semifinal. This is the first gold medal for Spain in the World Championships. (CTV NEWS) 2006 WNBA Finals Game 3 Sacramento Monarchs-89, Detroit Shock-69, Sacramento Leads 2-1 American football: Associated Press NCAA top 25: (13) Louisville 59, Kentucky 28 Louisville star running back and Heisman Trophy candidate Michael Bush suffers a broken leg in the third quarter, after rushing for three touchdowns and 128 yards. (22) TCU 17, Baylor 7 Canadian football: Labour Day Classic Saskatchewan Roughriders 39, Winnipeg Blue Bombers 12: Riders QB Kerry Joseph runs for two touchdowns in the first quarter and two passing touchdowns in the second quarter to give the Green Riders the victory. The Blue Bombers have lost four straight, and will meet the Riders again in the Banjo Bowl next week. Association football: Friendly international at Emirates Stadium, London 3–0 2 September 2006 (Saturday) Basketball 2006 FIBA World Championship — Third Place United States 96, Argentina 81 National Football League: Preseason roster cuts include Charles Rogers from the Detroit Lions, Ron Dayne from the Denver Broncos, Peter Warrick from the Seattle Seahawks, Marcus Vick from the Miami Dolphins and Lee Suggs from the Cleveland Browns. The Houston Texans put running back Domanick Davis on injured reserve. Baseball: Filling in for injured Cleveland Indians designated hitter Travis Hafner, Kevin Kouzmanoff becomes the first American League player to hit a grand slam in his first career at-bat. The Indians win 6–5 over the Texas Rangers. (AP via the Tribune Democrat) Roller Derby: The 2006 Roller Derby "Bumberbout" Flat Track Invitational in Seattle. Austin beat Seattle in the Championship Bout, 74 to 69. American football: Associated Press NCAA top 25 (1) Ohio State 35, Northern Illinois 12 (2) Notre Dame 14, Georgia Tech 10 (3) Texas 56, North Texas 7 (4) Auburn 40, Washington State 14 (5) West Virginia 42, Marshall 10 (6) USC 50, Arkansas 14 (7) Florida 34, Southern Miss 7 (8) LSU 45, Louisiana-Lafayette 3 (23) Tennessee 35, (9) Cal 18 (10) Oklahoma 24, UAB 17 (14) Michigan 27, Vanderbilt 7 (15) Georgia 48, Western Kentucky 12 (16) Iowa 41, Montana 7 (17) Virginia Tech 38, Northeastern 0 (18) Clemson 54, Florida Atlantic 6 (19) Penn State 34, Akron 16 (20) Nebraska 49, Louisiana Tech 10 (21) Oregon 48, Stanford 10 (25) Texas Tech 35, SMU 3 Association football: 2008 UEFA European Football Championship qualifying Group A: 1 – 3 Group A: 1 – 0 Group B: 0 – 3 Group B: 1 – 1 Group B: 6 – 0 Scotland's biggest win since an 8–0 win over Cyprus in 1969. Group C: 0 – 1 Group C: 2 – 5 Group C: 1 – 4 Group D: 2 – 1 Group D: 1 – 0 Group D: 6 – 1 Group E: 5 – 0 Group E: 0 – 1 Group F: 4 – 0 Group F: 0 – 3 Group F: 0 – 1 Group G: 2 – 2 Group G: 2 – 2 Group G: 0 – 1 Rugby union: 2006 Tri Nations Series 21–20 at Royal Bafokeng Stadium, Rustenburg The Springboks end the All Blacks 15 match streak of wins via a late André Pretorius penalty. 1 September 2006 (Friday) Basketball 2006 FIBA World Championship semifinals Greece 101, United States 95 Spain 75, Argentina 74 2006 WNBA Finals Game 2 Detroit Shock 73, Sacramento Monarchs 63 – Series tied 1-1 Canadian football: Labour Day Classic BC Lions 48, Montreal Alouettes 13 – Montreal loses four consecutive games for the first time under head coach Don Matthews, thanks to a dominant first half by the Lions. However, BC quarterback Dave Dickenson is injured in the second quarter, and is replaced by backup Buck Pierce. References 09

Kovač () is a small village located in the region of Porece in the municipality of Makedonski Brod, North Macedonia. It used to be part of the former municipality of Samokov. Demographics According to the 2002 census, the village had a total of 54 inhabitants. Ethnic groups in the village include: Macedonians 54 References Villages in Makedonski Brod Municipality

Matti Aleksanteri Ariel (born Mats Alexander Bruus, 18 March 1882, in Ruokolahti – 12 October 1939, in Leningrad; name as a Soviet citizen Матвей Матвеевич Айрола) was a Finnish journalist, attorney and politician. He was a member of the Parliament of Finland from 1908 to 1918, representing the Social Democratic Party of Finland (SDP). In 1918, during the Finnish Civil War, Airola served as a member of the Finnish People's Delegation, the government of the Finnish Socialist Workers' Republic. He was also a member of the Central Workers' Council. When the Red side lost the war, Airola fled to Soviet Russia, where he worked as a teacher in Gatchina and in Leningrad. He became a Soviet citizen in 1927. In 1938, during the Great Purge, Airola was arrested by the NKVD and sentenced to five years in prison. He died in detention on 12 October 1939. He was posthumously rehabilitated by Soviet authorities in 1957. Early years and political activism Matti Airola's parents were Matti Bruus (1845–1892), a laborer born in Ruokolahti, and Anna Kälviäinen (b. 1846), who came from Lappeenranta Pitajä. He grew up in the suburbs of Vyborg in the poor working class district of Tiiliruukki. After his father's death, Airola worked from the age of ten, financing his schooling, among other things, as a newspaper boy. Airola graduated from Vyborg classical high school in 1902, after which he worked as a teacher. Airola started organizing activities after finishing school. He wrote for the social-democratic newspaper Työ published in Vyborg since its founding in 1904. During the wave of strikes that began at the Putilov Ironworks then spread through a series of sympathy strikes, Airola and Hilja Pärssinen edited a duplicated newspaper called Lakkolehti. In January 1906, Airola was elected editor-in-chief of Työ. He was elected as a Member of Parliament in 1908. The 26-year-old Airola was the youngest of the Social Democrats' 83 MPs. As an MP, Airola represented the western constituency of Vyborg until 1917, when he was elected to his last parliamentary term from the southern constituency of Häme. In September 1911, Airola organized a demonstration at the Punaisenlähte Square, which defied the ban of Governor Frans von Pfaler, opposing the regional unification plan approved by Emperor Nicholas II. Airola was prevented from speaking at the square, so he arranged to give his fiery speech from the roof of the office building of the rural municipality of Viipur, which was located on the edge of the square. The demonstration eventually escalated into a riot, which required military personnel to suppress it. As a result of the incident, police chief Vilho Pekonen expelled Airola from Viipuri Province, after which Airola settled in Lahti. Airola initially worked as a reporter for Raivaaja and from 1912 as a sales manager. In 1912, Airola was imprisoned for lèse-majesté and defamation for his newspaper writings. In the latter, Airola was considered to have insulted the honor of the Russian military in his article "The captains of the coffins swam in a row". In addition, he was fined for blasphemy for his article "Ukko Jehovah's ignorance". Activities during the Russian Civil War In the fall of 1917, Airola was elected to the General Staff of the Workers' Order Guard. After the start of the civil war, Airola was elected to the SDP's new party council. Airola gave the only speech criticizing the armed revolution at the first meeting of the council. According to Airola, the bourgeoisie could have been pressured into compromises even without violence, and he also feared that the revolution would eventually lead to a military dictatorship. In spite of his negative attitude, Airola accepted the position of Home Affairs Commissioner of the People's Delegation, i.e. Minister of the Interior, which he held together with Hanna Karhinen. Due to his legal knowledge, Airola was also elected chairman of the Constitutional Law Committee of the Main Council of Labor. In the Soviet Union At the beginning of April, the people's delegation was evacuated to Vyborg, from where Airola fled to Soviet Russia. He worked as a teacher at the Finnish seminary in Hatsina from 1921 to 1925 and as a Finnish language teacher at the Finnish Technical University in Leningrad from 1925 to 1936. In addition to his teaching work, Airola translated textbooks and information books into Finnish and published two Finnish language textbooks. In 1927, he received Soviet citizenship. During Stalin's persecutions, Airola was dismissed from his post and sentenced in July 1939 to five years in prison. Airola died in a prison hospital in October 1939. He was rehabilitated at his son's request in 1957. Personal life Airola married Hilja Siviä Korhonen (1881–1947), who was born in Vyborg, in 1906. Their sons were journalist Eino Airola (1907–1984) and writer Veikko Airola. Eino, who served in the air force, was expelled from Leningrad in 1942 and he and his family settled in Uzbekistan. See also List of Finnish MPs imprisoned in Russia List of MPs in Finland imprisoned for political reasons References 1882 births 1939 deaths Finnish People's Delegation members Finnish prisoners and detainees Great Purge victims from Finland Members of the Parliament of Finland (1908–1909) Members of the Parliament of Finland (1909–1910) Members of the Parliament of Finland (1910–1911) Members of the Parliament of Finland (1911–1913) Members of the Parliament of Finland (1913–1916) Members of the Parliament of Finland (1916–1917) Members of the Parliament of Finland (1917–1919) People from Ruokolahti People from Viipuri Province (Grand Duchy of Finland) Prisoners and detainees of Russia Social Democratic Party of Finland politicians Soviet rehabilitations

The Somali National Alliance (abbreviated SNA) was a major politico-military faction formed on 16 June 1992 by four different rebel groups that had been in opposition to the regime of former Somali President Mohamed Siad Barre. The SNA was the first major inter-clan and inter-factional political alliance and was considered to be among the most powerful factions of the Somali Civil War. The alliance would most notably face off against the second phase of the United Nations Operation in Somalia (UNOSOM II) in the latter half of 1993. Following the 1991 split in the United Somali Congress (USC) between Mohamed Farah Aidid and his primary rival Ali Mahdi Muhammad and the routing of Barre's forces out of Somalia and into Kenya during 1992, a tentative military coalition that had existed between different rebel organizations would morph into the politico-military organization known as the SNA. The alliance would include Aidid's breakaway wing of the USC, the Somali Patriotic Movement (SPM), the Somali Southern National Movement (SSNM) and Somali Democratic Movement (SDM). The organization professed the goal of working toward forming a national reconciliation government and an eventual multi-party democracy. The SNA would ultimately become the core of the Somali Reconciliation and Restoration Council (SRRC), formed in 2001, which would be incorporated into the internationally recognized Transitional National Government in 2002. Background Origins During the mid to late 1980s various insurgencies of growing intensity would begin opposing the regime of Siad Barre that had ruled Somalia since 1969. Human rights abuses and atrocities by the regime during events such as the Mogadishu riots of July 1989 inflamed insurgency. Formed in 1987, the United Somali Congress (USC) led by Gen. Mohamed Farah Aidid, played a leading role in toppling the government in Mogadishu in January 1991. The USC would split following a clash over the leadership of the new government between Aidid and Ali Mahdi Muhamed. Somali Liberation Army coalition Reports that former President Siad Barres organization, the Somali National Front (SNF), was planning to retake Mogadishu led to the creation of a coalition consisting of four rebel groups: Aidids wing of the United Somali Congress (USC), the Somali Patriotic Movement (SPM), the Somali Democratic Movement (SDM) and the Somali Southern National Movement (SSNM). On 17 April 1992 the Somali National Alliances short-lived predecessor, a military coalition known as the Somali Liberation Army (SLA), was formed. Brigadier General Mohamed Farah Aidid would be elected chairman of the SLA that same day. The coalition was created with the express goal of preventing Barre from retaking the capital and to further push the last remnants of his troops out of Somalia. Fierce back and forth fighting between SLA forces (led by General Aidid) and SNF forces loyal to President Barre in the fertile inter-riverine areas of southern Somalia would consequently result in the devastating 1992 famine. Looting of grain stores in the region carried out by the Somali National Front prompted many Rahanweyn communities to begin joining the SNA during 1992. According to SNA accounts of the final clashes, SNF forces outnumbered the Somali Liberation Army coalition over six times, but were ambushed and encircled when they left their base in Baidoa and came within 50km from Mogadishu. Following the defeat, Barres forces were routed into southern Somalia until they were pushed out into Kenya by the SLA on 29 April 1992. According to the SLA, over 500 of Barres troops were taken as prisoners of war and then turned over to the Red Cross. On 14 May 1992, the SLA seized the strategically important southern port city of Kismayo, and three days later former President Barre would flee to Nigeria. Early on in June 1992 the coalition would publicly announce that it would never accept the deployment of foreign troops on Somali soil, but welcomed and requested humanitarian aid. Formation Formation of Somali National Alliance Following the defeat of Siad Barres forces, on 16 June 1992 the SLA was phased out and the politico-military organization known as the Somali National Alliance was founded by the same four rebel groups of the SLA in the town of Bardere. The Somali Liberation Army would instead morph into the military wing of the newly founded SNA. Primary clan composition of the SNA: USC Aidid faction: Habr Gidr, Xawadle, Duduble, Gaalje'el and Ogaden sub clans SPM: Ogaden and Majerteen SDM: Rahanweyn and Digil SSNM: Bimaal and southern Dir The SNA was the first major inter-clan and inter-factional political alliance of the Somali Civil War. The organization professed the aim of working toward forming a national reconciliation government and an eventual multi-party democracy. Mohammed Farah Aidid would be elected to serve as the first chairman and nominal leader of the SNA on 10 August 1992, but his ability to impose decisions on the organization was limited, as a council of elders held decision-making power for most significant issues. Osman Ali Atto would serve as the chief financier of the SNA. Following the organizations creation, Aidid would strive to add the Isaaq based Somali National Movement (SNM) and Darod based Somali Salvation Democratic Front (SSDF) to the SNA. If this goal were to be achieved, it would leave his prime rival Ali Mahdi as the only major remaining holdout to a unified national government. Aidid would later claim that the SNA was the only faction in Somalia that had, "...risen above clan and local loyalties." Strength and equipment Estimates of the strength of the SNA forces in Somalia ranged from around 5,000 to 10,000, with presumably 1,500 deployed in Mogadishu according to historian Stephen Biddle. Estimates of SNA numerical strength are complicated due to the addition of civilian volunteers or other part-time combatants who supplemented SNA forces in battles, particularly against UNOSOM II. The most probable count of full-time SNA fighters across the country was likely less than 5,000. Soon after its formation the organization was considered to be one of the most powerful factions involved in the Somali Civil War. Most of the SNA's military leadership was made up of former Somali National Army personnel, many of whom possessed combat experience. Militia troops were primarily equipped with light infantry weaponry, like the AK-47 assault rifle. Experienced fighters supplemented the main forces with RPG-7 rocket-propelled grenade launchers, sniper rifles, mortars, land mines, recoilless rifles and machine guns. History United Nations Intervention In late July 1992 the alliance announced that they were creating a "joint administrative body" to make security arrangements in order to reduce banditry and that they further rejected recent proposals to send 500 UN troops to Somalia. Instead they appealed to the UN to aid the creation of a 6,000 man strong police service to maintain security and Aidid would announce that he agreed with the deployment of 40 UN military observers to Mogadishu. By August 1992, Special Representative of the UN Secretary-General Mohammed Sahnoun successfully persuaded Aidid to enlarge the UN deployment. On 12 August, the Somali National Alliance signed an agreement allowing for the deployment of another 500 UN peacekeepers. However, as part of that agreement Sahnoun promised Aidid that any further deployments would require the consent of SNA leadership. To the surprise of both the SNA and UN Special Representative Mohammed Sahnoun, Secretary-General Boutros Ghali announced in a 24 August report his intention to increase the size of UNOSOM from 500 to 3,500 and deploy the extra troops in four operational zones across the country. According to Professor Stephen Hill, Sahnoun knew the announcement, "...threatened to undo all his long worked for local support, because it had been made ‘without consulting the Somali leaders and community elders," Following Ghali's decision, Sahnoun attempted to have the deployment postponed until he could renegotiate with the SNA, which UN headquarters refused. The large scale international military intervention in late 1992 mobilized nationalist opposition to foreign troops in Somalia, which contributed to a significant growth of support for the SNA, which loudly decried perceived U.N. colonial practices. Major disagreements between the UN and the Somali National Alliance began soon after the establishment of UNOSOM II, centering on the perceived true nature of the operations political mandate. In May 1993, relations between the SNA and UNOSOM would rapidly deteriorate following two significant events. Kismayo Incident During the March Addis Ababa conference, the Somali National Front smuggled weapons into strategic port city of Kismayo. Although the city was nominally controlled by the SNA and UNITAF forces, Gen. Hersi Morgan of the SNF ousted the SNA forces in Kismayo led by Col. Omar Jess. On 7 May 1993, three days after UNOSOM II took control of Kismayo from UNITAF, the SNA made an attempt to retake the city. During the assault the Belgian peacekeepers stationed in the town intervened, considering the assault to take Kismayo an attack on their positions and consequently repelled the SNA forces. The fall of Kismayo to Gen. Morgan infuriated the Somali National Alliance. To the SNA the incident was viewed as blatant U.N. partiality, as UNITAF had failed to prevent Morgan from seizing the city and UNOSOM had then fought SNA forces who had tried to retake it. Galkayo peace accord In early May, Gen. Aidid and Col. Abdullahi Yusuf of the Somali Salvation Democratic Front (SSDF) agreed to convene a peace conference for central Somalia. In light of recent conflict between the two, the initiative was seen a major step towards halting the Somali Civil War. Gen. Aidid, having initiated the talks with Col. Yusuf, considered himself the conference chair, setting the agenda. Beginning 9 May, elder delegations from their respective clans, Habr Gidr and Majerteen, met. While Aidid and Yusuf aimed for a central Somalia-focused conference, they clashed with UNOSOM, which aimed to include other regions and replace Aidid's chairmanship with ex-President Abdullah Osman, a staunch critic of Aidid. As the conference began, Aidid sought assistance from UNOSOM ambassador Lansana Kouyate, who proposed air transport for delegates and a 14-day accommodation. However, he was called back to New York and replaced by April Glaspie, following which UNOSOM retracted its offer. Aidid resorted to private aircraft to transport delegates. Following the aircraft incident, Aidid would publicly rebuke the United Nations on Radio Mogadishu for interference in Somali internal affairs. Aidid invited Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Somalia, Adm. Johnathan Howe to open the conference, which was refused. The differences between Aidid and the UN proved to be to great, and the conference proceeded without the United Nations participation. On the 2 June 1993 the conference between Gen. Aidid and Col. Abdullahi Yusuf successfully concluded. Admiral Howe would be invited to witness the peace agreement, but again declined. The Galkacyo peace accord successfully ended large scale conflict in the Galgadud and Mudug regions of Somalia. The contention between the Somali National Alliance and UNOSOM from this point forward would begin to manifest in anti-UNOSOM propaganda broadcast from SNA controlled Radio Mogadishu. UNOSOM II - SNA conflict Following the 5 June 1993 attack on the Pakistanis, the SNA and UNOSOM II would engage in a four month long war until the 3-4 October 1993 Battle of Mogadishu. The 5 June clash would result in the deaths of 25 Pakistani army peacekeepers and consequently would result in the passing of UNSCR 837 by the United Nations Security Council the following day. Directly naming the SNA, the resolution called for the arrest and punishment of those responsible for the attack, effectively creating a state of war between the SNA and UNOSOM II. General Mohamed Farah Aidid, as the leader of the SNA, emerged as a focal target. A manhunt, initiated by UNOSOM and later reinforced by US special forces, was launched to apprehend Aidid. However, he successfully managed to evade capture. On 4 July 1993 the SNA demanded a UNOSOM withdrawal, asserting that the mission's mandate had shifted from a humanitarian venture to an American-led war in Somalia. The alliance further called for a negotiated settlement to end the conflict. The four month long conflict overturned much of the re-conciliatory process that had been made since the start of the intervention. A major turning point in UNOSOM and SNA fortunes came during the 12 July 1993 'Bloody Monday'. The raid had been conducted by the American Quick Reaction Force of UNOSOM II on what UN forces alleged to be an SNA command and control center. U.S. AH-1 Cobra helicopters killed up to 70 Somali clan elders and civilians, many of whom were reportedly not associated with Aidid. The raid has been noted for turning popular sentiment firmly against the intervention to the extent where, "...even forces loyal to Ali Mahdi began to display open contempt for UNOSOM II." Following the raid the conflict escalated and by mid-July firefights between UNOSOM forces and SNA militia were occurring almost daily. The SNA's strategy towards UNOSOM was primarily coercive as it lacked the ability to eliminate the heavily armed foreign presence. Consequently militia forces never seriously attempted to overrun UN bases or severe their supply lines. The chosen method to confront UNOSOM II was coercive pain infliction; by killing UN soldiers, the SNA aimed to impose cumulative costs on the UN, which would eventually compel a withdrawal. US Army Brig. General Ed Wheeler noted that during the conflict Gen. Aidid (a graduate of Russia's Frunze Military Academy) would lecture his subordinate officers about the lessons of the Tet Offensive during the Vietnam War. In the view former professor of strategic studies and NSC director Jonathan Stevenson, the Americans failed to realize that the SNA was deliberately executing a military philosophy of attrition to achieve victory in spite of significant losses, much like the North Vietnamese guerrillas. He would further note that Vietnam and the UNOSOM conflict reflected strikingly similar kill ratios. Helicopter gunships used during the conflict, especially the AH-1 Cobra and AH-6 Little Bird, would inflict heavy losses on SNA forces. Following the killing of American troops in Mogadishu with a remote control bomb in August 1993, the deployment of 'Task Force Ranger' under Operation Gothic Serpent was authorized by US President Bill Clinton to capture or kill Gen. Mohamed Farah Aidid and associated leadership within the SNA. The heavy-handed methods used in June and July by UNOSOM II, along with the commencement of Ranger and Delta raids within Mogadishu in August, alienated much of the Somali public. Biddle notes that on account of this, the SNA had little difficulty rallying and mobilizing public support to confront UNOSOM II and US forces. In September 1993, the major Arab newspaper Al-Hayat reported that numerous Islamic factions had joined the fight alongside the SNA after having initially distanced themselves from the war. According to Al-Hayat, independent sources in Mogadishu had confirmed that the majority of night military operations were being organized by an assortment of Somali Islamic groups present in the city during 1993. A major Somali Islamist militant organization, Al-Itihaad al-Islamiya, also began participating in the insurgency against UN forces in this period. Aidid did not publicly take direct credit for these night operations as the SNA generally did not participate, but reportedly made efforts to appear that he had directed them for propaganda purposes. During the intervention the SNA would repeatedly utilize anti-colonial, anti-imperialist and anti-American rhetoric in publications, statements and radio broadcasts: Chairman Mohamed Farah Aidid called on the Somali people never to accept the colonialist device of divide-and-rule being applied by the United States and UNOSOM to divide the Somali people and realize their imperialist ambitions. On the contrary, the Somali people have the right to self-determination. He went on to appeal to the U.S. Congress and people to stop Clinton killing the Somali people and opposing their unity and wishes, which is damaging the image of the American people, of human rights, and the cooperation between the Somali and American peoples. He called on them to work towards settling the matter peacefully and justly - transcript of SNA broadcast 2nd of September 1993 Combat performance, tactics and capabilities Brig. General Ed Wheeler and Lt. Colonel Craig Roberts from the US Army noted that SNA forces displayed remarkable fire and movement tactics in their six to eight-man squads during engagements against UNOSOM II forces, despite their general lack of marksmanship. The SNA's full-time fighters were noted to be adept at utilizing urban concealment. Often shooting would come from building interiors or concealed rooftops in locations difficult to locate before hostile activity. An American soldier who participated in a major engagement with the militia would note that often the most one would see of a shooter would be a barrel and a head. Colonel R.D. Hooker, Jr., the Chief of Staff of the Army Chair at the National War College, expressed the belief that the capabilities of the SNA militia, along with the civilian irregulars who fought alongside them, were underappreciated by General William F. Garrison and his special operations staff officers at Task Force Ranger. Despite appearing poorly equipped and lacking discipline by American standards, many of the fighters had accrued years of combat experience while also demonstrating both determination and courage in numerous engagements with UNOSOM II well before the Battle of Mogadishu. SNA militia were widely observed to have significant shortcomings in small-arms marksmanship, weak fire discipline, and poor heavy weapons maintenance. SNA ambushes on convoys were noted to be frequently initiated with premature fire at the lead UN vehicle, alerting the rest of the column to the attack before entering the kill zone. Significant amounts of SNA heavy weapons and armoured vehicles seized by the UN were discovered to be inoperable or in poor condition due to substandard maintenance and lack of parts. While SNA militia did engage in guerrilla warfare against US/UN forces (short-duration firefights, hit and run tactics, ambushes, etc.), the SNA also committed its forces to numerous sustained engagements with UN forces during the conflict. According to historian Stephen Biddle, "...for conventional armies, sustained firefights are expected; for guerrillas, they are not. Yet the SNA did sustain such firefights." He furthers notes that among the most notable of these sustained engagements in Mogadishu were: 17 June 1993 - Four hour engagement; UNOSOM forces withdraw following a firefight with SNA forces near Digfer Hospital in Mogadishu. 2 July 1993 - Four hour engagement; Italian UNOSOM commander negotiates a ceasefire with SNA to permit withdrawal after an ambush on Balad Road. 6 September 1993 - Three hour engagement; UNOSOM forces disengage following ambush on Nigerian contingent reliving Italian garrison in downtown. 9 September 1993 - Two hour engagement; SNA fighters and volunteers disengage after US attack helicopters come to aid ambushed US and Pakistani troops. 13 September 1993 - Two hour engagement; US QRF forces withdraw after fighting their way out of an ambush in Medina District. 3–4 October 1993 - Fourteen hour engagement; UNOSOM and US forces disengage from battle following extraction of Task Force Ranger from Bakaara Market. According to Biddle, the battle would have continued for even longer than 14 hours had their not been a withdrawal, noting that "it was the UN, not the SNA, that disengaged to end the fighting. The relief column that ultimately extracted TF Ranger had to fight its way into and out of the Bakaara Market; SNA fighters were resisting fiercely until UN forces crossed out of Aideed's zone of control and withdrew to their bases." Significantly outgunned by UNOSOM II and Task Force Ranger, the militia resorted to innovative tactics that exposed US military weaknesses which were later heavily exploited by the Iraqi insurgency. Somali National Alliance tactics during the conflict inspired the Ba'athist paramilitary force Fedayeen and the Iraqi Republican Guard (especially regarding the use of technicals). SNA tactics during the conflict would reportedly also inspire the strategy and tactics various other Middle East state and non-state actors. Post-Battle of Mogadishu Two days after the Battle of Mogadishu, on 6 October 1993, President Clinton ordered all US military forces in Somalia to cease actions against the Somali National Alliance, except in self defence. According to SNA personnel, an estimated 900 fighters had died since the war had started in June. In the wake of a high-profile incident where crowds desecrated the bodies of several US troops killed during the battle, the SNA issued a public appeal on 7 October. Despite the "wanton destruction and suffering beyond human comprehension" inflicted by US and UN forces, the alliance urged respect towards the deceased, injured, and prisoners of war; in accordance with Islamic principles. SNA official Professor Mohamed Siad Issa would remark in an interview with Dutch newspaper Algemeen Dagblad, "With regard to the dead pilot, we regret what happened. We are against desecrating the dead but we cannot stem the wrath of the people which has been caused by the appearance of UNOSOM." The next month on 16 November 1993, the United Nations Security Council instructed Secretary-General Boutros-Ghali to "suspend arrest actions" and announced the release of all SNA prisoners of war. The following day Mohamed Farah Aidid announced that the decision had proved that the Somali National Alliance had achieved a victory over the UN. After the cessation of hostilities between the SNA and UNOSOM, Acting Special Representative Lansana Kouyate (replacing Adm. Johnathan Howe) successfully launched an initiative to normalize relations in March 1994. Numerous points of contention between the respective organizations were discussed at length and understandings were reached, facilitating the normalization of the relationship between the UN and the SNA. That same year the UNOSOM forces began withdrawing, completing the process by 1995. The withdrawal of UNOSOM forces weakened Aidids prominence within the SNA, as the war had served to unify the alliance around a common foreign enemy. 1994 to 2002 In January 1994, Aidid was re-elected as chairman by an SNA congress in Mogadishu attended by 200 high ranking officials of the alliance and was given a six month mandate. At the time the organization was noted to be the most powerful faction in the country. By 1994 the two principal factions contending for power in southern Somalia were the SNA and Ali Mahdi's Somali Salvation Alliance (SSA), also known as the 'Group of 12'. An October 1994 Central Intelligence Agency report assessed that the governments of both Meles Zenawi in Ethiopia and Isaias Afwerki in Eritrea had decided to arm and support the SNA. It was believed that both nations had decided to help establish a Somali government with Aidid as president. Aidid–Atto split In 1994 the SNA would suffer its first serious fracture when chief financier Osman Ali Atto and SNA forces loyal to him would break with the Aidid to ally with Ali Mahdi's SSA. That same year, the Somali National Movement (SNM) also suffered a serious fracture between President Ibrahim Egal of Somaliland and his predecessor Abdirahman Ahmed Ali Tuur. Tuur had allied himself with the Somali National Alliance and called for the reunification of Somaliland with Somalia. Fighting between the two factions broke out in Hargeisa in November 1994, which the forces of President Egal would eventually win, ending Aidids aspirations of incorporating the SNM into an SNA government. In April 1995 Osman Ali Atto would announce Aidid's signature no longer represented the SNA. By June of that year Aidid was removed from chairmanship of the alliance during a vote conducted by the SNA congress, to be replaced by Atto. In response, later that same month Aidid would declare himself President of Somalia prompting a joint statement from Ali Mahdi and Osman Atto condemning his declarations. Around this period the SNA would find itself enter conflict with the Rahanweyn Resistance Army (RRA). Though the SNA had been previously composed of, and supported by Rahanweyn groups, they withdrew support following an invasion of Rahanweyn territory by the SNA. In May 1996, Huddur in the Bakool Region would fall to SNA forces. The next month on 6 April the RRA drove out the SNA, claiming to have killed 3 at the loss of 2 of their own soldiers in the fight to retake the town. On 25 July 1996, the Somali Salvation Alliance (SSA) led by Aidids prime rival Ali Mahdi Muhammad and aided by the break away faction led by Osman Ali Atto, would seize control of the strategic Baledogle Airfield from SNA. Three days later on 28 July 1996, the SNA launched a counter-offensive and engaged in a four-hour battle to recapture the airfield. Following intense exchange of fire between the two sides, which involved the use RPG-7's, machine guns, and anti-aircraft missiles, the SNA successfully regained control of the base. After the death of Gen. Mohammed Farah Aidid in 1996, his son, Hussein Mohamed Farah Aidid, was elected by an 80-member SNA cabinet and leadership council at Villa Somalia. Following Aidid's death, in 1997 the Cairo Accord was signed by major Somali factions, most notably between the SNA and Ali Mahdi's Somali Salvation Alliance (SSA). The accord would collapse following Ethiopian pressure on the SSA to pull out of the agreement after signing. Merger with Somali Government During reconciliation talks among Somali leaders in Kenya in December 2001, it was agreed that the Somali National Alliance would be folded into the Transitional National Government (TNG). The TNG proposed to the Transitional National Assembly that the number of cabinet members and parliamentarians be increased to make way for a broader-based government and on 20 January 2002, the assembly would pass the motion. Foreign support Beginning in 1993, the SNA would receive foreign diplomatic and material support from various African and Middle East states such as: In early January 1995 Abdirahman Agaweyne, an SNA representative, reportedly travelled abroad in order to solicit support for the SNA from the Iranian government. He would return to Somalia that same month with two aircraft loaded with Iranian weaponry and equipment, most notably twenty-three shoulder-fired anti-aircraft weapons. Leaders of Somali National Alliance References Works cited OCLC 48195594 Further reading Defunct political parties in Somalia Factions in the Somali Civil War Battle of Mogadishu (1993) 1992 establishments in Somalia 1996 disestablishments in Somalia Islamic political parties in Somalia

Christian Lemmerz (born January 30, 1959) is a German-Danish sculptor and visual artist who attended the Accademia di Belle Arti in Carrara, Italy, from 1978 to 1982 and the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts from 1983 to 1988. Despite classical sculpture training in Carrara, Lemmerz drew his main inspiration from the post-war process-oriented pop art, not least from his fellow countryman, Joseph Beuys. In the early 1980s Lemmerz was part of the Danish artist collective Værkstedet Værst and the performance group Performancegruppen Værst. He conducted numerous performances there from 1985 to 1994, many of these alongside lifelong friend and artist Michael Kvium. For his artistic achievements, Lemmerz was honoured with Thorvaldsen's Medal in 2009 and the Eckersberg Medal in 2008. In 2015 he received the New Carlsberg Foundation's Artist Grant. Career The span of Lemmerz' oeuvre is extensive and pluralistic. Regardless of the material, the form or the medium employed, Lemmerz’ work can generally be characterized by aesthetics of effect. The artworks reach out into the surrounding environment and call for more than mere contemplation. There are only a few themes and taboos that are not turned upside down in the Lemmerzian universe, which has been stretched between, on the one side, Kant, Heidegger and other philosophers and authors, and on the other, a mass-media-dominated world where suffering and death are central themes in an examination that circles around identity, existence and being. In Lemmerz' view, to be effective art has to be confrontational. However, as he maintains, art also has to do with experience. And as a matter of fact, sculpture is particularly suitable for establishing a confrontational and experience-exchanging situation, especially when it is perceived from a phenomenological point of view. In such a situation, the sculpture is connected with the (human) body. Just as does the human body in phenomenology, the sculpture enters into relations where the senses interact in such a way that the work can be experienced as a visual and tactile challenge, in the cognitive sense. Instead of being a more or less distanced onlooker, the viewer becomes an active participant, who becomes entangled in new relations and is moved in some direction or other. The viewer's visual and tactile senses are alerted, thus engaging them as an active participant. Lemmerz' approach can be seen as a rejection of the formal idiom in favour of experimentation with material aesthetics, often evoking illness, death or philosophy. Confrontation with the view is important in all the art forms he employs whether sculpture, installation or photography. In parallel, he has increasingly moved into performance, film and video. Lemmerz has worked as a scenographer in Steven Berkoff's Brok (1994) and Rainer Werner Fassbinder's The Bitter Tears of Petra von Kant (1996). He is also the author and director of A.L.P. Traum, an interpretation of the end of James Joyce's Finnegans Wake (Edison 1997). This novel also inspired Lemmerz and Michael Kvium's The Wake (2000), an eight-hour silent movie, available in several versions. Lemmerz has resumed his work with marble and thus enters into a sculptural tradition that dates back to the Renaissance and Neoclassicism; examples of this include his Todesfigur (2012 Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek) and the Marble Altar in Lyngby Church (2013). Style On the basis of an urge to widen the artistic possibilities and a need to offer resistance to the prevailing conventions, Lemmerz makes use of stone wool, foam rubber, margarine, chocolate and other composite materials that effectively elicit an intensely direct effect. He yearns to create an imbalance on different levels. The artist formulates a couple of sculptural conceptions, "the impossible sculpture" and the "pre-linguistic sculpture", by means of which he links up his project with Heidegger's reflections on being and his rumination on the beginnings of everything – especially art – aiming at creating paths more than just artworks. The artist works with white Carrara marble. He re-actualizes classical Greek art with the statue, Adam-Kadmon, and in the light of an art historical timeline that runs through classical, baroque, neo-classical and French salon art, he elaborates on the incessantly recurring themes of violence, terror and death while supplying this entire register of heavy and somber issues with erotic, absurdist and ironic twists. Current political and ethical questions become endowed with a clearer voice through the works, which always, in terms of their form and content, constitute a transformation from recognizability to the more veiled or unknown, inasmuch as Lemmerz is working rhizomatically, where the assertion sometimes assumes a classically distinct form and sometimes manifests itself with a gestural formlessness. His whole pluralistic oeuvre is bound together, at the same time, by the fragment – as an open and processual figure. Seminal works For the exhibition Scene at Esbjerg Kunstmuseum in 1994, Lemmerz worked with blood-smeared surfaces and decomposing pigs' carcasses in glass-walled, steel-framed vitrines inspired by traditional still lifes where inanimate objects are often used as existential symbols. The exhibition actualized the universal theme of death and the transitory through sculptures that were contemporary in their form and presentation. The installation ensnared the audiences into a limbo of intrigue and disgust, making it close to impossible to look away. The audience might have wondered if the pigs were brutally killed for the exhibition or if they died a natural death, much like they would with the artwork Away from the Flock from 1994 by British artist Damien Hirst. The banality of the pigs and their known similarity to humans give the work its emotion. With Scene, Lemmerz worked within a psychological borderline area, where the very notion of sculpture had been distended to its most extreme implications. Selected solo exhibitions 2019 Uriel, Hans Alf Gallery 2019 EYESCAPE with Lars Top Galia at Copenhagen Contemporary 2018 Not I, Tang Contemporary Art in Hong Kong 2018 Reality Virtual Reality, Museum der bildenden Künste, Leipzig 2017 The Night is Large, Hans Alf Gallery 2017 Lust, Randers Kunstmuseum 2017 Virtual Reality, Faurschou Foundation, Beijing 2014 Andante, Cisternerne 2013 Angst, Gallery Brandstrup, Oslo 2012 Genfærd, ARoS 2010 Inferno, Stavanger Kunstmuseum 2010 Hypnosis, Faurschou Foundation, Beijing 2009 Largo, Statens Museum for Kunst 2007 The Omen, Leo Koenig Inc., New York 2001 The White of the Eye, Kunstforeningen Gammel Strand 1999 GODDOG, DCA Gallery New York 1997 Dopo La Storia II, MUHKA, Antwerp 1994 Scene, Esbjerg Kunstmuseum Selected group exhibitions 2019 The Red Bean Grows in the South, Faurschou Foundation, New York 2019 Family, Nordic Contemporary Paris 2018 Carl og Anne Marie C. Nielsens Legat, Den Frie Udstillingsbygning 2017 New Media Art (Virtual Reality), Faurschou Foundation, Venice 2017 CC: LAB Virtual Reality, Copenhagen Contemporary 2014 Portraits of God, Hans Alf Gallery 2014 Drømmeland, KUNSTEN Museum of Modern Art Aalborg 2013 Directors Choice 7-9-13, ARoS 2012 Dengang i 80erne, Horsens Kunstmuseum 2007 Sculpture: from Thorvaldsen to Lemmerz, Sorø Kunstmuseum 2004 Hvid marmor, Thorvaldsens Museum 2004 Clinch, Statens Museum for Kunst 2003 Decemberisterne, Den Frie Udstillingsbygning 2000 Mennesket, Arken Museum for Moderne Kunst 1997 The Louisiana exhibition 1997, Louisiana Museum of Modern Art Humlebæk 1997 Kropsnær, Heine Onstad Kunstsenter 1992 Spejlbilleder, Det Nationalhistoriske Museum, Frederiksborg 1988 Ateliers en liberte: 17 artistes danois, Foundation Cartier pour l'Art Contemporain, Paris Selected public works and commissions 2019 Ghost Ship, Copenhagen Light Festival 2017 Silence. Memorial for policemen killed on duty., Politigården, Copenhagen 2017 Lazarus, Bronze. Commission for Ny Carlsbergfondet at Bispebjerg Hospital 2017 Dark Rain, Bestseller, Aarhus 2013 Todesfigur, Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek, donated by architect Henning Larsen 2012–2013 Marble Altar, Lyngby Kirke 2010–2013 Paradiso, Private Commission, Vejle 2006 Jailbird, Statsfængslet, Østjylland 1997 UR UR, Cinemateket Copenhagen Selected awards and recognitions 2008 Awarded Eckersberg Medal 2009 Awarded the Thorvaldsen Medal. 2010 Lifetime achievement award from Statens Kunstfond Collections Statens Museum for Kunst, Nationalmuseet, ARoS Museum of Modern Art, SAXO Collection, Kunsten Museum of Modern Art Aalborg, HEART, Trapholt, Esbjerg Kunstmuseum, Horsens Kunstmuseum, Kanstrupgårdsamlingen, KØS Museum for Offentlig Kunst, The Saatchi Collection London, Stavanger Kunstmuseum. Art market and fair Lemmerz is represented by Copenhagen-based Hans Alf Gallery, by Galleri Franz Pedersen in Horsens, Galleri Brandstrup in Oslo, Tang Contemporary Art in Hong Kong and Faurschou Foundation New York. He has exhibited his work at international art fairs such as ENTER Art Fair, Art Cologne and FIAC. References Literature External links Christian Lemmerz' website Danish contemporary artists German sculptors German male sculptors Recipients of the Eckersberg Medal Recipients of the Thorvaldsen Medal Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts alumni Artists from Karlsruhe Artists from Copenhagen German emigrants to Denmark 1959 births Living people Neo-expressionist artists

Admiral Richard Darton Thomas (3 June 1777 – 21 August 1857) was an officer of the British Royal Navy who served during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, and went on to become Commander-in-Chief, Pacific Station in the 1840s. Biography Background and early naval service Thomas was born in Saltash, Cornwall, and entered the Navy on 26 May 1790, just before his 13th birthday, as a captain's servant aboard the 74-gun ship , under the command of Captain John McBride, and late in the year sailed to the West Indies as part of a squadron under Rear-Admiral Samuel Pitchford Cornish. On arrival in the Caribbean he transferred to the 32-gun frigate under the command of Captain Robert Murray, and was rated able. Blanche was paid off in June 1792, and in December he joined the sloop as a midshipman. Wartime service On 1 January 1793 France declared war on Great Britain, and for the next two years Thomas served aboard Nautilus in the West Indies under the Captains Lord Henry Paulet, James Carpenter, Henry William Bayntun, and William Gordon Rutherford, while taking part in operations against the French islands of Tobago, Saint Lucia, and Martinique, where he commanded a boat in the attack on Fort Royal, landing and escalading the walls simultaneously with Captain Robert Faulknor of the sloop . Thomas returned to England as master's mate of the , the flagship of Sir John Jervis. He was aboard her at Spithead on 1 May 1795 when a fire broke out aboard and the ship was destroyed. Thomas was forced to jump overboard, and swam to a nearby boat. He served aboard the , then , flagship of the Honourable William Waldegrave, with whom he sailed to the Mediterranean. From there he moved into , flagship of Sir John Jervis. He was subsequently sent on shore with a party of seamen to man the guns at the Fort of St. Fiorenza, in Corsica, remaining there until the island was evacuated in October 1796. On 15 January 1797 Thomas was commissioned as a lieutenant aboard the 74-gun , commanded by Captain Cuthbert Collingwood, and took part in the Battle of Cape St Vincent on 14 February. In June 1798 he moved into the frigate Thalia, under Captain Lord Henry Paulet, rejoining him in the 74-gun in February 1799 after three months on half-pay. From December 1799 until the signing of the Treaty of Amiens in March 1802 brought a temporary peace, Thomas served as flag lieutenant to Collingwood in the and Barfleur on the Channel Station. From June 1802 he served aboard the and , the flagships of Sir Andrew Mitchell, Commander-in-Chief on the North American Station, based at Halifax, Nova Scotia. In early June 1803 Thomas finally received notification of his promotion to commander of the fifth-rate , dated 18 January. He sailed from Halifax as a passenger aboard the 179-ton Post Office packet Lady Hobart. Four days out she was intercepted by a French schooner, L' Aimable Julie, who mistook her for an unarmed merchant. After taking the French vessel as prize, Lady Hobart continued on her voyage, but during the night of 28 July struck a large iceberg, and foundered. All aboard her were crammed into the ship's cutter and jolly boat for a 350-mile voyage back to land, with only small amounts of ship's biscuit, water and rum as provisions. Despite encountering heavy rain, gales and thick fog, they made a landfall at Lower Island Cove on 4 June, all suffering from various degrees of malnutrition and frostbite. The only casualty was the French captain, who threw himself overboard in a fit of depression. Thomas eventually returned to England and in December 1803 was appointed to command of the bomb vessel , to serve in the Mediterranean. On 22 October 1805, following the victory at Trafalgar, he was posted into briefly, before serving aboard the , and as flag captain to Lord Collingwood, engaged primarily on the blockade of Toulon. His position was a particularly arduous one, there being no Captain of the Fleet, and Collingwood was for much of the time severely ill with the cancer that would eventually kill him in March 1810. After Collingwood's death Thomas served as captain of the Ville de Paris until December 1810. The following February he was appointed to command of the frigate initially engaged on operations on the coast of Catalonia, then on the blockade of Marseilles and Toulon. He was eventually invalided home in February 1813, and saw no further wartime service. Post-war career Between April 1822 and April 1825, and again from May 1834, Thomas served as Superintendent of the Ships in Ordinary at Portsmouth and Plymouth, until promoted to rear-admiral on 10 January 1837. From May 1841 until December 1844 he served as commander-in-chief on the Pacific Station, flying his flag on . His duties were more diplomatic than military; settling the long-standing claims of the owners of the British brig Anna which had been seized in 1822, and of the British merchants who had been plundered at Callao, and obtaining compensation from El Salvador and Costa Rica for injuries and losses sustained by the British residents. He also had to deal with the occupation of Tahiti by the French Rear-Admiral Abel Aubert du Petit-Thouars, and the unauthorized annexation of the Sandwich Islands by one of his own subordinates. His conduct in office, particularly his handing of the Sandwich Islands crisis received the full approval of the Foreign Office and Admiralty, and King Kamehameha III ordered a portrait of Thomas in full uniform for his palace. He also received the thanks of the government of the United States and was appointed an honorary member of the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions. Thomas was promoted to vice-admiral on 8 January 1848, and to admiral on 11 September 1854. He died in Stonehouse, Devon on 21 August 1857. Personal life On 2 October 1827 Thomas married Gratiana, the third daughter of Lieutenant-General Robert Williams, Colonel-Commandant of the Royal Marines at Stonehouse, and had a son and daughter. His brother, Charles Thomas, M.D., was Physician to the Dispensary at Devonport. On 13 November 1850 his daughter Gratiana Mary Thomas (1831–1922) married Sir Mathew Wharton Wilson (1827–1909), son of Sir Mathew Wilson, 1st Baronet, one of the Wilson baronets. See also Thomas Square, Honolulu References 1777 births 1857 deaths People from Saltash Sailors from Cornwall Royal Navy personnel of the French Revolutionary Wars Royal Navy personnel of the Napoleonic Wars Royal Navy admirals

Fourdrinoy (; Picard: Fordinoé) is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France. Geography Fourdrinoy is situated northwest of Amiens on the D121 road Population See also Communes of the Somme department References External links Fourdrinoy resident’s website Communes of Somme (department)

Jarosław Lewak (born 2 February 1973) is a Polish judoka. He competed at the 1996 Summer Olympics and the 2000 Summer Olympics. Achievements References External links Videos of Jarosław Lewak (judovision.org) 1973 births Living people Polish male judoka Judoka at the 1996 Summer Olympics Judoka at the 2000 Summer Olympics Olympic judoka for Poland Sportspeople from Warsaw

"Reflections (Care Enough)" is a song recorded by American singer and songwriter Mariah Carey for her first soundtrack and eighth studio album Glitter (2001). It was written by herself and Philippe Pierre, while produced by the singer in collaboration with Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis. The ballad has Carey, in character as Billie Frank in the film Glitter, reflecting on how her mother did not "care enough" for her. "Reflections (Care Enough)" was released as the second single from Glitter exclusively in Japan on September 27, 2001 and failed to chart. The song was also featured on Carey's compilation album The Ballads (2008). Background "Reflections (Care Enough)" was released as the album's second single on September 27, 2001 in Japan. Because of contractual obligations, Sony Music Entertainment, Carey's then-former record label and the international distributor of the Glitter soundtrack, released a CD single for the song in Japan only. In an interview with Much Music, Carey talked about the song: "Certain songs from this movie were written to enhance the scene like through Billie's point of view, like there's a song - I always call "Care Enough", but everyone's calling it "Reflection" because that's the first line I sing in the song. And she's sort of asking the question "did you ever really care about me?" to her mom cause she starts, like, thinking about it as we see her, you know, evolve in the movie. And so there are lines in the song like "if I'm not quite good enough or somehow undeserving of a mother's love". That would never have come out of my mouth 'cause my momma loves me! But, you know, there's a different approach in writing these songs". Composition "Reflections (Care Enough)" was written by Carey and Philippe Pierre, and produced by Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis in collaboration with Carey. It is written in the key of G major and set in common time. The vocal range spans from the low note A3 to the high note of E5. It is a piano-driven song which lyrically, the song's protagonist "laments the end of a relationship", while confronting her mother regarding her early abandonment. Additionally, during its bridge, Carey "eerily" refers to abortion, "You could have had the decency / To give me up / Before you gave me life", as an option over abandoning the child. Larry Flick from Billboard commented that in the film, the song "manages to illustrate a crucial plot point, while also providing insight into the emotional baggage that Carey's film alter ego carries". Critical reception Billboards Larry Flick thought that the song was "quite powerful". Bowling Green Daily News editor Chuck Campbell wrote that Mariah dishes out the "anonymous and unobjectionable ballad". David Browne of Entertainment Weekly wrote a mixed review: "She laments the end of a relationship several times, most believably on Reflections (Care Enough) -- typical Ma-riah schlock sung with crushed-flower loneliness". Slant Magazine's Sal Cinquemani disagreed: "Reflections (Care Enough)" tells the tale of an estranged mother figure and its sparse arrangement recalls the simple beauty of Carey's early balladry. The song's bridge is bizarre, though". In a review for the album in The Free Lance–Star, a writer outed the song's first verse "A displeased little girl / Wept years in silence / And whispers wishes you'd materialize / She pressed on night and day / To keep on living / And tried so many ways / To keep her soul alive" as his favorite lyric from Glitter, and described it as an "emotional and heart-wrenching ballad". Live performance On November 16, 2001, Carey sang the song on a special titled A Home For The Holidays With Mariah Carey, which aired on December 21 of that same year on Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS). The special featured additional performances by Destiny's Child, Josh Groban, Enrique Iglesias and Mandy Moore. In the live performance, Carey sang a different lyric in the bridge. While the track sings "you could have had the decency to give me up before you gave me life", Carey sings "...give me up the day you gave me life" in order to avoid referencing abortion. Mark Sachs from Los Angeles Times called the performance as a "high point" from the show. Formats and track listings CD single "Reflections (Care Enough)" "Reflections (Care Enough)" (Instrumental) Release history References 2001 singles Mariah Carey songs Songs written for films Pop ballads Contemporary R&B ballads Songs written by Mariah Carey 2000s ballads 2001 songs Song recordings produced by Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis Virgin Records singles Songs about heartache

Tramon Vernell Williams Sr. (born March 16, 1983) is a former American football cornerback who played 15 seasons in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for Louisiana Tech, and was signed by the Houston Texans as an undrafted free agent in 2006. Williams spent much of his NFL career with the Green Bay Packers, playing with them from 2006 to 2014, and again in the 2018, 2019, and 2020 seasons. He was also member of the Cleveland Browns, Arizona Cardinals, and Baltimore Ravens. Early years Williams played football, basketball and ran track at Assumption High School in Napoleonville, Louisiana, but was overlooked by college football recruiters who instead scouted his teammate and friend Brandon Jacobs. In basketball, he was a four-year letter winner, winning another district title on the hardwood. In his only year of track, he finished second in the state in the long jump, second in the triple jump and third in the high jump. After graduating in 2001, Williams attended Louisiana Tech University. Originally intending to study electrical engineering, he earned Bachelor's degrees in sociology and computer science. He had joined the Bulldogs football team as a walk-on in his freshman year. He became a starting cornerback by his junior season. College statistics Professional career Houston Texans On May 1, 2006, the Houston Texans signed Williams to a three-year, $1.09 million contract that includes a signing bonus of $10,000. Throughout training camp, Williams competed for a roster spot as a backup cornerback and special teams player against Kevin Garrett, Von Hutchins, Derrick Johnson, and Earthwind Moreland. On September 5, 2006, the Houston Texans released Williams. Green Bay Packers On November 29, 2006, the Green Bay Packers signed Williams to their practice squad. He spent the remainder of the 2006 season on their practice squad. 2007 During training camp, Williams competed for a job as a backup cornerback against Jarrett Bush, Patrick Dendy, Frank Walker, Will Blackmon, and Antonio Malone. Head coach Mike McCarthy named Williams the sixth cornerback on the depth chart to begin the regular season, behind Al Harris, Charles Woodson, Jarrett Bush, Frank Walker, and Will Blackmon. Special teams coordinator Mike Stock also selected Williams to be the secondary kick returner and the fourth-string punt returner. He made his professional regular season debut in the Green Bay Packers' season-opener against the Philadelphia Eagles and returned four kickoffs for a total of 100-yards in their 17–16 victory. In Week 5, Williams had six kickoff returns for a total of 173-yards during a 27–20 loss to the Chicago Bears. In Week 6, Williams recorded his first career tackle in the Packers' 17–14 win against the Washington Redskins. By mid-season, Williams had surpassed Blackmon and Walker on the depth chart to become the fourth cornerback. In Week 10, Williams returned a punt for a 94-yard touchdown to mark the first score of his career during the Packers' 31–17 win against the Carolina Panthers. On November 22, 2007, Williams recorded a season-high four solo tackles and two pass deflections during a 47–36 victory at the Detroit Lions in Week 12. On December 30, 2007, Williams earned his first career start in place of Charles Woodson, who was inactive due to a toe injury. Williams collected four solo tackles, two pass deflections, and made his first career interception, thrown by Jon Kitna, in the Packers' 34–13 win against the Detroit Lions in Week 17. He finished the season with 19 combined tackles (17 solo), four pass deflections, and an interception in 16 games and one start. The Green Bay Packers finished first in the NFC North with a 13–3 record and received home-field advantage and a first-round bye. On January 12, 2008, Williams appeared in his first career playoff game and collected four solo tackles and a pass deflection during a 42–20 win against the Seattle Seahawks in the NFC Divisional Round. The following week, he made two solo tackles and broke up a pass in the Packers' 23–20 loss the NFC Championship to the New York Giants, who eventually won Super Bowl XLII. 2008 Williams competed against Jarrett Bush and Will Blackmon throughout training camp to be the third cornerback on the depth chart. Defensive coordinator Bob Sanders named Williams the third cornerback on the depth chart to start the 2008 regular season, behind veterans Al Harris and Charles Woodson. In Week 4, Williams earned his first start of the season after Al Harris sustained a spleen injury the previous week. He recorded two combined tackles, broke up two passes, and intercepted a pass by quarterback Brian Griese during a 30–21 loss at the Tampa Bay Buccaneers. The following week, he collected a season-high 11 combined tackles (ten solo), a pass deflection, and intercepted a pass by Matt Ryan in the Packers' 27–24 loss to the Atlanta Falcons in Week 5. On October 12, 2008, Williams made a solo tackle, broke up a pass, and an interception in a 27–17 win at the Seattle Seahawks in Week 6. His interception off of Charlie Frye marked his third consecutive game with a pick. He finished the season with 57 combined tackles (52 solo), 14 pass deflections, and five interceptions in 16 games and nine starts. 2009 Williams entered training camp slated as the third cornerback on the Packers' depth chart. Defensive coordinator Dom Capers retained him as the third cornerback, behind Woodson and Harris, to start the regular season. He appeared in the Green Bay Packers' season-opener against the Chicago Bears and made two combined tackles, a season-high three pass deflections, and returned an interception by Jay Cutler for 67-yards in their 21–15 victory. Williams became the starter prior to Week 8 after Al Harris tore his ACL the previous game. In Week 13, he recorded an interception but also three pass interference penalties in a 27-14 victory over the Baltimore Ravens. The 106 penalty yards was the most assessed against any player in a game since 2000. In Week 14, he recorded six solo tackles and made his first career sack during a 21–14 victory at the Chicago Bears. He sacked quarterback Jay Cutler for an eight-yard loss in the fourth quarter. On January 3, 2010, Williams recorded a season-high eight combined tackles, two pass deflections, and intercepted a pass by Matt Leinart in the Packers' 33–7 win at the Arizona Cardinals in Week 17. He finished the season with 55 combined tackles (46 solo), 15 pass deflections, four interceptions, and a sack in 16 games and ten starts. The Green Bay Packers finished second in their division with an 11–5 record. On January 10, 2010, Williams started his first career playoff game and made six combined tackles during a 51–45 loss at the Arizona Cardinals in the NFC Wildcard Game. 2010 On June 16, 2010, the Green Bay Packers signed Williams to a one-year, $3.04 million restricted free agent tender. Head coach Mike McCarthy named Williams the starting cornerback to start the regular season, along with Charles Woodson. The job was left vacant after Al Harris was placed on the PUP list for the first six games before being released midseason. Special teams coordinator Shawn Slocum also named him the second punt returner on the depth chart behind Will Blackmon. In Week 3, Williams recorded seven solo tackles and a sack in a 20–17 loss at the Chicago Bears. On October 17, 2010, he collected a season-high eight combined tackles, broke up a pass, and made an interception during a 23–20 loss to the Miami Dolphins in Week 6. On November 30, 2010, the Green Bay Packers signed Williams to a four-year, $33.07 million contract extension that includes $11.07 million and a signing bonus of $6 million. Williams finished his first full season as a starter with 57 combined tackles (50 solo), 20 combined tackles, six interceptions, and a sack in 16 games and 16 starts. The Green Bay Packers finished second in the NFC North with a 10–6 record and defeated the Philadelphia Eagles 21–16 in the NFC Wildcard Game. In that game, Williams had a game-saving interception in the final minute. On January 16, 2011, Williams made a tackle, two pass deflections, two interceptions, and a touchdown during a 49–21 victory at the Atlanta Falcons in the NFC Divisional Round. He returned an interception by Matt Ryan for a 70-yard touchdown in the waning seconds before halftime. On January 20, 2011, Williams was added to the 2011 Pro Bowl roster as a reserve in place of Philadelphia Eagles cornerback Asante Samuel, who pulled out due to an injury. The Packers went on to reach Super Bowl XLV after defeating the Chicago Bears 21–14 in the NFC Championship. On February 6, 2011, Williams started in Super Bowl XLV and made six combined tackles and broke up a pass as the Packers defeated the Pittsburgh Steelers 31–25. 2011 Head coach Mike McCarthy retained Williams and Woodson as the starting cornerback duo to start the 2011 regular season. He was inactive for the Packers' Week 2 victory at the Carolina Panthers after injuring his shoulder the previous week. On November 6, 2011, he collected six combined tackles, two pass deflections, and returned an interception for a 43-yard touchdown during a 45–38 win at the San Diego Chargers in Week 9. In Week 11, Williams recorded a season-high nine combined tackles, broke up two passes, and made two interceptions in the Packers' 35–26 victory against the Tampa Bay Buccaneers. On January 1, 2012, Williams tied his season-high of nine combined tackles and deflected two passes during a 45–41 win against the Detroit Lions in Week 17. He finished the season with 64 combined tackles (53 solo), a career-high 22 pass deflections, four interceptions, and a touchdown in 15 games and 15 starts. 2012 Defensive coordinator Dom Capers retained Williams as a starting cornerback to start the regular season, along with Sam Shields. On September 13, 2012, Williams made four solo tackles, deflected two passes, and intercepted two pass attempts by quarterback Jay Cutler in the Packers' 23–10 victory in Week 2. In Week 5, he made a season-high four pass deflections and seven solo tackles in a 30–27 loss at the Indianapolis Colts. The following week, Williams collected a season-high eight combined tackles and a pass deflection during a 42–24 win at the Houston Texans in Week 6. He completed the season with 61 combined tackles (52 solo), 16 pass deflections, and two interceptions in 16 games and 16 starts. 2013 Williams and Shields remained the starting cornerbacks in 2013, ahead of Casey Hayward, Davon House, Micah Hyde, and Jarrett Bush. In Week 11, Williams made eight solo tackles, a pass deflection, and an interception during a 27–13 loss at the New York Giants. On December 15, 2013, he collected a season-high nine combined tackles, two pass deflections, and an interception during a 37–36 victory at the Dallas Cowboys in Week 15. He finished the season with a career-high 83 combined tackles (61 solo), 11 pass deflections, three interceptions, and 2.5 sacks in 16 games and 16 starts. 2014 On September 14, 2014, Williams made six combined tackles, two pass deflections, and an interception during a 31–24 victory against the New York Jets in Week 2. In Week 13, Williams collected a season-high nine combined tackles in the Packers' 26–21 win against the New England Patriots. Williams completed the season with 70 combined tackles (60 solo), 13 pass deflections, and three interceptions in 16 games and 16 starts. Pro Football Focus gave Williams the 34th highest overall grade among the 108 qualifying cornerbacks in 2014. Cleveland Browns 2015 Williams became an unrestricted free agent after the 2014 season and received interest from multiple teams, including the Baltimore Ravens, Green Bay Packers, Philadelphia Eagles, Cleveland Browns, and New Orleans Saints. The Green Bay Packers offered Williams a two-year, $8 million contract. On March 16, 2015, the Cleveland Browns signed Williams to a three-year, $21 million contract that includes $10 million guaranteed and a signing bonus of $1.5 million. Throughout training camp, he competed against Justin Gilbert for a job as a starting cornerback. Head coach Mike Pettine named Williams the starting cornerback to start the regular season, opposite Joe Haden. On November 1, 2015, Williams recorded a season-high nine combined tackles and a pass deflection during a 34–20 loss to the Arizona Cardinals in Week 8. In Week 12, he made four combined tackles, broke up a pass, and made his first interception as a member of the Browns in their 33–27 loss to the Baltimore Ravens. He missed the Browns' Week 17 loss to the Pittsburgh Steelers after sustaining a concussion the previous week. He completed the season with 69 combined tackles (55 solo), ten pass deflections, and an interception in 15 games and 15 starts. Pro Football Focus ranked him 54th in overall grades amongst qualifying cornerbacks in 2015. 2016 On January 4, 2016, the Cleveland Browns fired head coach Mike Pettine and general manager Ray Farmer after they finished with a 3–13 record. Throughout training camp, Williams competed to retain the job as a starting cornerback against Jamar Taylor. Head coach Hue Jackson named Williams the third cornerback on the depth chart to start the regular season, behind Joe Haden and Jamar Taylor, and the first-team nickelback. It marked the first time he was relegated being a backup in seven seasons. On September 18, 2016, Williams recorded a season-high seven combined tackles during a 25–20 loss to the Baltimore Ravens in Week 2. He was sidelined for two games (Weeks 4–5) after injuring his shoulder in Week 3. On October 16, 2016, he made four combined tackles, a pass deflection, and an interception during a 28–26 loss at the Tennessee Titans in Week 6. Williams was inactive for another two games (Weeks 11–12) due to a knee injury. He completed the season with 36 combined tackles (28 solo), five pass deflections, and an interception in 12 games and seven starts. He earned the 96th highest overall grade among qualifying cornerbacks from Pro Football Focus in 2016. 2017 On February 7, 2017, the Cleveland Browns released Williams. Arizona Cardinals On July 30, 2017, the Arizona Cardinals signed Williams to a one-year, $2 million contract. Throughout training camp, he competed for a job as a starting cornerback against Justin Bethel and Brandon Williams. Head coach Bruce Arians named him the third cornerback on the depth chart to start the 2017 regular season, behind Patrick Peterson and Justin Bethel. Williams was inactive as a healthy scratch for three consecutive games (Weeks 3–5). In Week 6, he made a tackle and intercepted a pass by Ryan Fitzpatrick during a 38–33 win over the Tampa Bay Buccaneers. The following week, Williams earned his first start with the Cardinals after surpassing Justin Bethel on the depth chart. He finished the Cardinals' 33–0 loss to the Los Angeles Rams with a career-high ten solo tackles. On December 10, 2017, he made a season-high three pass deflections, two combined tackles, and an interception during a 12–7 win at the Tennessee Titans. He finished his only season with the Arizona Cardinals with 41 combined tackles (39 solo), 12 pass deflections, and two interceptions in 13 games and nine starts. Pro Football Focus gave Williams an overall grade of 88.8, which ranked ninth among all qualifying cornerbacks in 2017. Green Bay Packers (second stint) On March 22, 2018, the Green Bay Packers signed Williams to a two-year, $10 million contract that includes $4.75 million guaranteed and a signing bonus of $3.25 million. During the season, Williams switched to free safety. Williams started seven games, and totaled 39 tackles, one tackle for a loss, one quarterback hit, two interceptions, eight passes defensed, one forced fumble, and two fumble recoveries. Baltimore Ravens The Baltimore Ravens signed Williams on November 10, 2020, due to recurring cornerback injuries on the team. Williams played in 7 games for the Ravens, and totaled 15 tackles, two quarterback hits, and one pass defensed. He was waived on January 18, 2021. Green Bay Packers (third stint) On January 21, 2021, the Green Bay Packers signed Williams to their practice squad. He was elevated to the active roster on January 23 for the NFC Championship Game against the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, and reverted to the practice squad after the game. Williams did not play in the NFC Championship. His practice squad contract with the team expired after the season on February 1, 2021. Williams announced his retirement on March 16, 2021, his 38th birthday. Personal life Williams is married to Shantrell Moore and has two children, Tramon Jr. and Trinity. NFL career statistics Regular season Postseason References External links Green Bay Packers bio Cleveland Browns bio 1983 births Living people Sportspeople from Houma, Louisiana Players of American football from Louisiana American football cornerbacks American football return specialists Louisiana Tech Bulldogs football players Houston Texans players Green Bay Packers players Cleveland Browns players Arizona Cardinals players Baltimore Ravens players

Capture of Menorca may refer to: Capture of Menorca (1708) Capture of Menorca (1798)

Bosque de Pómac Historic Sanctuary () is a protected area in Peru located in the region of Lambayeque. This area preserves part of the Tumbes-Piura dry forests and several pyramids built by Pre-Columbian cultures. Geography Bosque de Pómac is located in the district of Pitipo, Ferreñafe Province, in the northern Peruvian region of Lambayeque. This area is in a coastal plain, part of the Pacific coast tropical desert, and also in the middle valley of the La Leche river. Ecology The area is densely covered by a tropical dry forest ecosystem, dominated by trees of the genus Prosopis. Birds seen in the area include: the Peruvian thick-knee, the burrowing owl, the Amazilia hummingbird, etc. Archaeology There are 36 Pre-Columbian pyramids inside the area, which is an important source of archaeological discoveries, especially from the Sican culture. References See also Batán Grande Iperu, tourist information and assistance Tourism in Peru Natural and Cultural Peruvian Heritage Sican culture National Reservations of Peru Geography of Lambayeque Region Protected areas established in 2001 2001 establishments in Peru

Simon, Simon is a 1970 Sound effect comedy short film directed by Graham Stark and starring Graham Stark, Norman Rossington, John Junkin, and Julia Foster. Synopsis Two handymen (Graham Stark and John Junkin) cause chaos on a new crane while haphazardly trying to accomplish jobs for their ever more frustrated boss. This 'silent' comedy features a host of cameos from the likes of Peter Sellers, Michael Caine, Bob Monkhouse, Eric Morecambe, Ernie Wise and Tony Blackburn. The title comes from the Simon hydraulic platforms used in the film. Cast Graham Stark John Junkin Julia Foster Norman Rossington Paul Whitsun-Jones Audrey Nicholson Kenneth Earle Tommy Godfrey With Tony Blackburn, Michael Caine, David Hemmings, Bob Monkhouse, Eric Morecambe, Pete Murray, Peter Sellers, Bernie Winters and Ernie Wise External links 1970 films 1970 comedy films Morecambe and Wise 1970 short films British comedy short films 1970s English-language films 1970s British films

The Brick River (French: Rivière du Brick) is a tributary of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence, flowing in the municipality of L'Île-d'Anticosti, in the Minganie Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Côte-Nord, in province of Quebec, in Canada. A forest road (north–south direction) serves the west side of this valley, connecting the Pointe-Sud-Ouest of the island, via the place called Tour-de-Jupiter (located on the watershed) and the main road passing on the northern slope of the island. A branch of this road descends towards the south-east to join the forest road which runs along the southern coast of the island. Forestry is the main economic activity in this area; recreational tourism activities, second. Geography The Brick River has its source at the confluence of two mountain streams (altitude: ), located in the center of the island. This source is located in a forest area at: east of the town center of the village of Port-Menier; south of the north shore of Anticosti Island; northeast of the south shore of Anticosti Island. From its source, the Brick River flows on with a drop of , according to the following segments: towards the south in an increasingly deep valley, collecting many mountain streams (on the east side of the river), then mid-segment, forming a large curve towards west to go around a mountain, to the discharge (coming from the northeast) of a stream. Note: The confluence of this stream corresponds to the locality "Satellite"; towards the south in a deep valley, forming a large curve towards the southwest and showing a strong drop, until a bend in the river corresponding to the discharge of a stream ( coming from the north) and a stream (coming from the west); first to the south in a steep valley with a good drop, curving east to go around a mountain, then south, passing under the forest road bridge which runs along the southern coast of the island, and collecting a stream (coming from the northeast) crossing a marsh area, up to its mouth. The Brick River flows on the east side of the Jumpers Reefs on the south shore of Anticosti Island, in the Gulf of Saint Lawrence, or at at the east of Pointe-Sud-Ouest, southeast of the mouth of the Jupiter River and to the southeast from the center of the village of Port-Menier. Toponymy This toponymic designation has been in use since the beginning of XXth Century. It originates from a two-masted sailboat generally referred to as brig, having been wrecked in this area. The toponym "Brick River" was made official on December 5, 1968, at the Place Names Bank of the Commission de toponymie du Québec. Lac-Salé Ecological Reserve In 1991, the Quebec government established the "Lac-Salé Ecological Reserve" covering approximately 7000 hectares. Briefly, this reserve was delimited by the middle of the Brick river from its confluence with the Honguedo Strait, going up the river to latitude 5,468,000 m N; thence, easterly, to the center of the Galiote river; then south following the center of the Galiote River, to its confluence with the Straits of Honguedo. Recreational tourism activities The Brick canyon is one of the tourist attractions of Anticosti Island with its walls reaching in height. In Brick-la-Roche, at km 6 of the Brick River, the canyon offers a breathtaking panorama with its plateau and scree slopes. This area is home to a diverse flora. The course of this river has emerald water basins ideal for swimming. Hikers can learn about geology thanks to the fossils observed on the rock faces. They can also walk in the water on the stony bottom of the river. In 2000, the Satellite pavilion was moved by SÉPAQ Anticosti to the mouth of the Brick River to better accommodate nature lovers. Sport fishing with salmon The Brick River no longer has the status of a salmon river under the Quebec Fishing Regulations since 1993. The Brick river is frequented by sea trout, no longer by salmon. Hunting In 1983, the Ministère du Loisir, de la Chasse et de la Pêche introduced camping hunting at the Brick River. At the time, this addition increased the reception capacity on Anticosti Island; the rest of the offer was administered by outfitters. See also List of rivers of Quebec References Rivers of Côte-Nord Anticosti Island Minganie Regional County Municipality

Havlíčkův Brod (, until 1945 Německý Brod; ) is a town in Havlíčkův Brod District in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 23,000 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected by law as an urban monument zone. Administrative parts Villages of Březinka, Herlify, Jilemník, Klanečná, Květnov, Mírovka, Poděbaby, Šmolovy, Suchá, Svatý Kříž, Termesivy, Veselice and Zbožice are administrative parts of Havlíčkův Brod. Jilemník and Zbožice form two exclaves of the municipal territory. Etymology The Czech word brod means "ford". The town was firstly named Brod and then Smilův Brod ("Smil's Ford") after its founder Smil of Lichtenburk. In the 14th century it was renamed Německý Brod ("German Ford") because of its predominantly German population. Because of Anti-German sentiment after World War II, the town was renamed Havlíčkův Brod ("Havlíček's Ford") in honor of the writer Karel Havlíček Borovský, who was born nearby and grew up and studied in the town. It was the very first town out of many to be renamed in 1945. Geography Havlíčkův Brod is located roughly in the geographical centre of the country. It is located about north of Jihlava. It lies in the Upper Sázava Hills. The Sázava River flows through the town. Many smaller tributaries of the Sázava flows through the municipal territory: Cihlářský Stream, Žabinec, Šlapanka with Stříbrný Stream, Úsobský Stream, Rozkošský Stream, and Břevnický Stream. There are systems of ponds supplied by some of these watercourses. Several ponds on the Cihlářský Stream are located in the urban area. The largest pond of Cihlářský Stream is Cihlář Pond, which serves also recreational purposes and water sports. The largest water body in the municipal territory is the Žabinec water reservoir, supplied by the eponymous stream. History According to a legend recorded by chronicler Wenceslaus Hajek, Brod was founded in 793, however, this year is highly unlikely. The first written mention of a settlement called Brod is from 1234, but it is referred to as probable counterfeit. The first credible mention of Brod is from 1265. The town was founded by Smil of Lichtenburk probably in 1251 on a trade route. In 1308, it was first called Německý Brod. Brod was first an important mining town focused on silver mining, later it became a centre of crafts and agricultural production. During the Hussite Wars in 1422 as a result of Battle of Německý Brod, Brod was conquered by Jan Žižka and completely destroyed. The town was resettled by predominantly Czech-speaking population. In 1436, it was bought by the Trčka of Lípa family. Brod was renewed and in the 16th and 17th centuries, it prospered. In 1637, it became a royal town. The prosperity ended with the Thirty Years' War. Brod was twice conquered and looted. In 1646, 1664 and 1680, the town was affected by plague epidemics. In 1662 and 1676, it was damaged by large fires. The most devastating flood hit the town in 1714. During the 19th century, economical and cultural development occurred. In 1850, Brod became a district town. Brod was industrialized in the second half of the 19th century with an emphasis on textile and food industry. The railway was built in 1870 and the station later became an important hub. Until 1918, the town was part of Austria-Hungary, head of the Deutschbrod – Německý Brod District, one of the 94 Bezirkshauptmannschaften in Bohemia. Demographics Economy In Havlíčkův Brod there are medical hospital and mental hospital. Both are among the main employers in the town. The main industrial employers based in the town are Futaba Czech s.r.o., a manufacturer of car parts, and Pleas a.s., a producer of underwear founded in 1939 which continues the long tradition of the textile industry in the town. The Havlíčkův Brod Brewery is based in the town. It was founded in 1834. Transport Havlíčkův Brod is both road and railway hub. There are five rail lines leading off the main station: to Kolín and Prague, to Pardubice (1871), to Brno, to Jihlava and a local line to Humpolec. Historically, the main line running through the town was Vienna–Znojmo–Jihlava–Kolín, but after World War II the line to Brno was rebuilt, made double-track and electrified, and Prague–Havlíčkův Brod–Brno became one of main passenger and freight train routes in Czechoslovakia. Though at the turn of 20th and 21st centuries its importance dropped, as all international expresses were transferred to the 1st National Railway Transit Corridor (via Česká Třebová), it is still a relevant alternative route. The town is also a crossing of two major Czech roads, I/34 from České Budějovice to Svitavy and I/38 from Mladá Boleslav to Jihlava, Znojmo and the Czech-Austrian border. There is the small Havlíčkův Brod Airport near the town. It serves mainly for sport and sightseeing flying. Sights The historic centre was delimited by town fortifications. Several fragments are preserved to this day. In the centre is the Havlíčkovo Square. It is lined by valuable burgher houses in Renaissance and Baroque styles, some of them with preserved Gothic elements. The landmark of the square is the Old Town Hall. The originally late Gothic house from the late 15th century was reconstructed in the Renaissance style after the huge fire in 1662. It its alcove there is one of symbols of the town, a skeleton of betrayal who opened the gates to the enemy army in 1472 and was punished for it. Today the building serves as a library. Opposite the Old Town Hall is the New Town Hall. The original building was built in the 13th century and later served as a brewery and military barracks. It was last reconstructed in the Neo-Baroque style in 1884 and since then houses the municipal office. The landmark of the northern part of the square is Havlíčkův House. The Renaissance and Neo-Gothic is owned by the town and houses the Vysočina Museum. The deanery Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary is the oldest church in Havlíčkův Brod. The original early Gothic building from the late 13th century was built by the Teutonic Order. It was rebuilt in 1380, in 1633–1637 and last in the 18th century. The high tower of the church is the main landmark of the town. The tower includes one of the oldest bells in the country, created in the 1330s. The tower is open to the public. Štáfl Cottage is a unique folk architecture house, a national cultural monument. The oldest parts of the house are from the 16th century. Notable people Jan František Beckovský (1658–1725), historian, writer and translator Ignác František Mara (1709–1783), cellist and composer Johann Stamitz (1717–1757), composer and violinist Josef Dobrovský (1753–1829), philologist and historian; studied here Karel Havlíček Borovský (1821–1856), writer and poet; lived here Bedřich Smetana (1824–1884), composer; studied here Karel Barvitius (1864–1937), publisher Václav Klofáč (1868–1942), politician Vilém Kurz (1872–1945), pianist Jan Zrzavý (1890–1977), painter; studied here Karel Kuttelwascher (1916–1959), fighter pilot Pavel Landovský (1936–2014), actor Jaroslav Holík (1942–2015), ice hockey player and coach Jiří Holík (born 1944), ice hockey player and coach Jan Suchý (1944–2021), ice hockey player Josef Augusta (1946–2017), ice hockey player and coach František Janák (born 1951), glass artist Pavel Poc (born 1964), politician Lenka Šmídová (born 1975), sailor, Olympic winner Josef Marha (born 1976), ice hockey player Radek Martínek (born 1976), ice hockey player Petr Zelenka (born 1976), serial killer Jan Novák (born 1979), ice hockey player Tomáš Zdechovský (born 1979), politician Josef Vašíček (1980–2011), ice hockey player Antonín Dušek (born 1986), ice hockey player Marika Šoposká (born 1989), actress Hynek Zohorna (born 1990), ice hockey player Tomáš Souček (born 1995), footballer Radim Zohorna (born 1996), ice hockey player Vítek Vaněček (born 1996), ice hockey player Twin towns – sister cities Havlíčkův Brod is twinned with: Brielle, Netherlands (1985) Brixen, Italy (1992) Spišská Nová Ves, Slovakia (1995) Havlíčkův Brod also cooperates with other Brods in the Czech Republic: Český Brod, Široký Brod, Uherský Brod, Vyšší Brod and Železný Brod. Gallery References External links Populated places in Havlíčkův Brod District Cities and towns in the Czech Republic

The Forever Tour was the sixth headlining concert tour by American boy band, Big Time Rush. The tour began on June 23, 2022, in Oxon Hill, MD, and ended on March 5, 2023 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The band announced the tour and its dates on February 21, 2022, with ticket presales starting on February 23. On March 8, 2022, it was confirmed that the band would be traveling all around the world in an announcement of three new shows in Mexico. The three newly added shows sold out in less than a day. Opening acts Dixie D'Amelio Spencer Sutherland Setlist "Windows Down" "Music Sounds Better with U" "Honey" "Run Wild" "Love Me Again (demo version)" "Any Kind of Guy" "24/7" "Amazing" "Call It Like I See It" " Dale Pa'ya" "Show Me" "Not Giving You Up" "Song For You" "Halfway There" "Stuck" "No Idea" "Confetti Falling" "I Know You Know" "Worldwide" "Time of Our Life" "Paralyzed" "Fall" "City Is Ours" / "Big Night" / "Til I Forget About You" "Nothing Even Matters" "If I Ruled the World" "Big Time Rush" "Boyfriend" Notes Before performing "I Know You Know" at each show, Big Time Rush would perform a medley of different songs with Carlos on the ukelele. Some of the songs they would perform included a variety of covers including "As It Was" and "Watermelon Sugar", and original songs including "Na Na Na", "Cover Girl", and the "Giant Turd" song from Big Time Rush. During select dates, "Dale Pa' Ya" was performed in between "Call It Like I See It" and "Show Me". It was permanently added to the setlist starting with the show in Rogers, AR. At the show in Philadelphia, PA, singer Rick Astley joined the band in a surprise appearance to cover his song "Never Gonna Give You Up" Shows Cancelled References External links Big Time Rush website 2022 concert tours 2023 concert tours Big Time Rush concert tours

Notre Dame Cristo Rey High School is a Roman Catholic high school in Methuen, Massachusetts, United States, in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Boston. Founded in 2004 by the Sisters of Notre Dame de Namur, it follows the Cristo Rey Network work-study model. A $5-million renovation was completed in 2009. In 2011, the school received accreditation from the New England Association of Schools and Colleges. Approximately ninety percent of the student enrollment is Hispanic. Notre Dame High School is a member of the Massachusetts Interscholastic Athletic Association, competing in boys' cross country, basketball, and baseball; girls' cross country, basketball, and softball. References External links School website Buildings and structures in Methuen, Massachusetts Catholic secondary schools in Massachusetts High schools in Essex County, Massachusetts Educational institutions established in 2004 Cristo Rey Network Lawrence, Massachusetts Sisters of Notre Dame de Namur schools Poverty-related organizations 2004 establishments in Massachusetts

Cuauhtémoc is one of the 58 municipalities in the Mexican state of Zacatecas. It is located in the central part of the state of Zacatecas and it is bounded by the municipalities of Ojocaliente, Luis Moya, and Genaro Codina; it also shares a border with the state of Aguascalientes. The municipality covers a total surface area of . References Municipalities of Zacatecas

Finished is a 1917 novel by H. Rider Haggard featuring Allan Quatermain. It is the last in a trilogy about the Zulu kingdom, which also includes Marie and Child of Storm, and involved the dwarf Zikali. It is set against the background of the Anglo-Zulu War of 1879, covering events leading up to the war, and ending with the death of Cetewayo. Quatermain is depicted as being one of the few survivors of the Battle of Isandhlwana. Like others in the series, several real-life characters appear, such as Cetewayo and Anthony Durnford. External links Novels set in colonial Africa Novels by H. Rider Haggard Ward, Lock & Co. books Fiction set in 1879 1917 British novels 1917 fantasy novels Works about the Anglo-Zulu War

ITAA may refer to the following: Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Income Tax Assessment Act 1936 Information Technology Association of America International Transactional Analysis Association Internet and Technology Addicts Anonymous, a self-help group for people suffering from internet addiction disorder

WADK (1540 AM) is a radio station licensed to serve Newport, Rhode Island, United States. The station is owned by 3G Broadcasting, Inc. It airs a business news/talk format, with jazz airing each weekend. The station, the first to be built on Aquidneck Island, signed on the air in 1948 and has used the callsign WADK since November 23, 1953. Its broadcast tower has been located off Garfield Street in Newport since 1967. History On December 2, 1947, John E. and Irene "Reeny" A. Malloy, doing business as Voice of Little Rhody, filed for a construction permit to build a new radio station on 1540 kHz at Newport, which was granted by the Federal Communications Commission on August 4, 1948. The station began broadcasting on November 6, 1948, as WRJM, for "Reeny and John Malloy". The Malloys would not own their new radio station for long, citing a lack of financial resources. In April 1949, they reached a deal to sell WRJM to the Aquidneck Broadcasting Corporation, a subsidiary of the locally based National Recording Corporation, which developed tape recording equipment. That deal never came to fruition, and a deal was instead struck to sell WRJM to the Aquidneck Broadcasting Corporation, headed by Columbus O'Donnell. The original studios at 204 Thames Street in Newport became the key element in a multi-year libel case against WRJM. In February 1950, the station put a display up in its window about a controversial seawall project, charging that the developers did not comply with their original proposal. The developers sued the station for libel and lost two years later. The O'Donnell group also relocated WADK from its original transmitter location near a charity farm to a new site on Reservoir Road that housed the studios and transmitter. In late 1953, Milton E. Mitler acquired the Aquidneck Broadcasting Corporation; the callsign was immediately changed to WADK, representing Aquidneck Island. During Mitler's ownership, the station broadcast its first talk program, hosted by pub owner 'Sully' Sullivan, after Sullivan noted to the owner that "the great pastime of Rhode Island ... is talking politics". Mitler owned WADK until 1960, a year after he started another station near West Warwick. At that time, the Newport outlet was sold to two men from Washington, D.C., Arnold S. Lerner and Myer Feldman, doing business as Key Stations. The Reservoir Road transmitter site was shut down in 1967 and a new facility built on Garfield Avenue, though the studios remained. This would come to an end after the Middletown water department refused to grant a long-term lease to WADK in 1971, a lease that the station thought necessary if it wanted to make a major investment in the 20-year-old facility. A new site on Thames Street, a block from the original studios, was completed in 1973. A daytime-only station its entire history, WADK filed in 1976 to increase its power to 2,500 watts and go full-time. It was the opening salvo in what would turn out to be a recurring fight amidst major changes in the Aquidneck broadcasting landscape. By the time that Key Stations had filed the petition to become a full-time station, Bay Broadcasters was years into the fight to put WOTB (107.1 FM) on the air. With 24-hour FM competition on the horizon, Key Stations owner Arnold Lerner opted to sell the AM station. The new owner, Newport Communications, was headed by Paramount Pictures vice president Peter Kuyper. The full-service station continued with its format, which also included a live radio variety show hosted by Saucy Sylvia. Spectrum Communications of Boulder, Colorado, purchased WADK in 1983, largely acting as an absentee owner; two years later, after one of Spectrum's shareholders decided to sell, it was acquired by Connecticut-based Perry Communications, which hoped to be more aggressive in the station's attempts to go full-time. A year later, Perry purchased WOTB—giving it control of both of the commercial stations on Aquidneck Island—and announced plans to expand its coverage area. During this time period, WADK dropped its afternoon music programming and, with it, much of its high school sports coverage. Urso Broadcasting of Westerly purchased WADK and WOTB in 1996, and an immediate format change was made on the FM, which dropped jazz programming after more than a decade and flipped to alternative rock; at the same time, weekend jazz programming was added to WADK's schedule. The FM station was sold off a year later to Citadel Communications, but Urso retained WADK until Astro Tele-Communications purchased it and WERI-FM 99.3 for $1.8 million. WADK and the FM station, known at the time as WJZS, were sold to 3G Broadcasting, owner of two Florida stations, in 2013. References External links WADK official website 1948 establishments in Rhode Island ADK Newport, Rhode Island News and talk radio stations in the United States Business talk radio stations Radio stations established in 1948 ADK

Interferon tau (IFNτ, IFNT) is a Type I interferon made of a single chain of amino acids. IFN-τ was first discovered in ruminants as the signal for the maternal recognition of pregnancy and originally named ovine trophoblast protein-1 (oTP-1). It has many physiological functions in the mammalian uterus, and also has anti-inflammatory effect that aids in the protection of the semi-allogeneic conceptus trophectoderm from the maternal immune system. IFN-τ genes have only been found in ruminants that belong to the Artidactyla order, and multiple polymorphisms and several variants of IFN-τ have been identified. Although IFN-τ has been shown not to be produced in humans, both human and mouse cells respond to its effects. IFN-τ binds to the same IFN receptors as IFN-α and induces intracellular signalling through STAT1, STAT2, and Tyk2. This leads to the production of antiviral and immunomodulatory cytokines, including IL-4, IL-6, and IL-10. Structure IFN-τ consists of 172 amino acids with two disulfide bridges (1–99, 29–139) and amino terminal proline. Similar to other Type I interferons, IFN-τ binds to the Interferon-alpha/beta receptor (IFNAR). Its molecular weight is between 19 and 24 kDa, depending on glycosylation state. Not all variants of IFN-τ are glycosylated. Bovine IFN-τ is N-glycosylated at ASN78, caprine IFN-τ is a combination between nonglycosylated and glycosylated forms and ovine IFN-τ is not glycosylated. Receptor binding site can be found at the C-terminus, biologically active site is located at the N-terminus. Compared to other interferons, IFN-τ shares about 75% of its identity to IFN-ω, which can be found quite commonly in mammals. However, Southern blot analysis and genome sequencing data proved that genes encoding IFN-τ can be found only in ruminant species. Studies also show 85% sequence identity between human trophoblast IFN in placental trophoblast cells and IFN-τ. Function and biological activity IFN-τ is constitutively secreted by trophoblast and endometrial cells during ovine pregnancy. Its secretion begins around tenth day and increases between days 13 and 16, when it reaches its peak, and then stopping after day 24 of pregnancy. IFN-τ is essential to maintain the levels of progesterone production by the corpus luteum for the maternal recognition of pregnancy, and together with progesterone increases expression of genes for transport of nutrients into the uterine lumen, growth factors for hematopoiesis and angiogenesis and other molecules that are crucial for implantation and placentation. It has both endocrine and paracrine effects, immunomodulatory influence on several types of cells including neutrophils, and antiproliferative, antiluteolytic and immunosuppressive effects on the endometrium. IFN-τ binds to IFNAR cell membrane receptor and induces dimerization of its subunits, IFNAR1 and IFNAR2, which leads to activation of canonical and noncanonical signaling pathways. The canonical pathway involves Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription-interferon regulatory factor (JAK-STAT-IRF) signaling. This leads to induction of classical interferon stimulated genes (ISGs). The noncanonical signaling pathway includes mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase thymoma viral proto-onco- gene 1 (PI3K-AKT1) cascades. IFN-τ can also stimulate expression of interleukins IL-6 and IL-8. However, the mechanism is not STAT1, but STAT3 dependent. Synthetic gene for ovine IFN-τ was produced using Pichia pastoris yeast system. The recombinant IFN-τ had the same antiviral, antiluteolytic and immunosuppressive properties as native IFN-τ. Clinical use Understanding the role of IFN-τ in pregnancy recognition in ruminants and its mechanism of action led to its use in pregnancy diagnosis, as it can be measured directly from blood, and knowledge of its actions can be used to improve the reproductive efficiency in ruminants. Since the effects of IFN-τ are not limited to ruminants and pregnancy, it has been studied for its anti-inflammatory properties as a treatment for diabetes. NOD mice that were treated with IFN-τ, which was administered either orally, intraperitoneally, or subcutaneously, have shown delayed or even inhibited development of diabetes. IFN-τ is able to inhibit human immunodeficiency virus replication in vitro more effectively than human IFN-α. It was observed that IFN-τ decreased intracellular HIV RNA in human macrophages and inhibited reverse transcription of viral RNA into proviral DNA. Because of difference in both selectivity of individual N-termini towards receptors and different degree of receptor avidity, IFN-τ displays much less cytotoxicity than IFNT-α. This can be useful in treatment of viral diseases. IFN-τ has also demonstrated biological effects against influenza virus. However, IFN-τ has high species specificity which can cause a significant decrease in biological activity when administered to another species. References Antiviral drugs

The 1928 Copa del Rey Final was the 28th final of the Copa del Rey, the Spanish football cup competition. It was contested by Barcelona and Real Sociedad. As the match ended tied after extra time, two replay matches were needed to define a champion. In the second replay, Barcelona defeated Real Sociedad 3–1 and won their eighth title. Overview The first match was held on 20 May at El Sardinero. In that match, Barcelona goalkeeper Ferenc Plattkó left the field after injuring his head, which required stitches. As a result, forward Ángel Arocha replaced him. Nevertheless, midfielder Josep Samitier was also injured soon after, forcing Platko to return to the pitch despite his condition. Samitier would also return to the pitch after him. Platko's performance in the final (and the action to save his goal that caused the injure) inspired poet Rafael Alberti (who had attended the match) to write his Ode to Platko in 1957, describing his catches and his injure. Nevertheless, another football enthusiast and Real Sociedad supporter, Gabriel Celaya, wrote an ode stating that Platko was not responsible for his team defeat but a bad refereeing that included "ten penalties not awarded to Real Sociedad". After the match ended tied 1–1 after extra time, a replay match had to be played. Real Sociedad was considered favorite to win due to Barca's injured players. Argentine tango singer Carlos Gardel visited the injured players. For the replay, Llorens replaced Platko. That match also ended 1–1 (after two extra time periods) so a second replay was scheduled for June 29. Finally, Barcelona won 3–1 with goals by Samitier, Sastre and Arocha. Zaldúa scored for Real Sociedad. Match details Final Note Replay Second replay References 1928 1927–28 in Spanish football FC Barcelona matches Real Sociedad matches May 1928 sports events June 1928 sports events

Vincent Riendeau (born December 13, 1996) is a Canadian elite diver. He won a silver medal at the 2015 FINA World Championships in the 10 m mixed synchro event and a silver medal at the 2015 Pan American Games in the 10 m synchro event. He competed at several World Cups and Grand Prix events. Career He was selected as part of the Canadian Olympic team for the 2016 games in Rio and competed in the 10m platform alongside Maxim Bouchard. At the 2019 edition of the event, along with his partner Nathan Zsombor-Murray finished in 11th place in the men's 10 m synchro event. Under a month later, the pair won silver in the same event at the 2019 Pan American Games in Lima, Peru. At the 2021 FINA Diving World Cup, Riendeau and Zsombor-Murray won bronze in the 10 m synchro event, claiming Canada an Olympic berth. In June 2021, Riendeau was officially named to represent Canada at the 2020 Summer Olympics. References External links Vincent Riendeau at Diving Plongeon Canada 1996 births Canadian male divers Living people Commonwealth Games bronze medallists for Canada Pan American Games bronze medalists for Canada Divers from Montreal Divers at the 2014 Commonwealth Games Divers at the 2015 Pan American Games Divers at the 2016 Summer Olympics Divers at the 2018 Commonwealth Games Olympic divers for Canada Commonwealth Games medallists in diving Pan American Games medalists in diving Divers at the 2019 Pan American Games Medalists at the 2015 Pan American Games Medalists at the 2019 Pan American Games Divers at the 2020 Summer Olympics World Aquatics Championships medalists in diving Medallists at the 2014 Commonwealth Games Medallists at the 2018 Commonwealth Games

Robert Chalmers (2 October 1945 – 28 May 2013) was a South African cricketer. He played seventeen first-class matches for Northerns between 1963 and 1971. References External links 1945 births 2013 deaths South African cricketers Northerns cricketers Sportspeople from Benoni Cricketers from Gauteng

Limmatquai is a street in the Swiss city of Zürich. It is named after the Limmat, and it follows the right-hand (eastern) bank of that river for about through the Altstadt, or historical core, of the city. The street was once important for both road and public transportation, but today sections of it form a pedestrian zone shared with Zürich's trams, effectively forming a northern extension of the Seeuferanlage promenades that ring the shores of Lake Zürich. The Limmatquai has its southern end adjacent to the Quaibrücke bridge and Bellevueplatz square, where the Limmat flows out of Lake Zürich. Its northern end is at the Bahnhofbrücke bridge and Central plaza. Between the Quaibrücke and the Bahnhofbrücke, the river is crossed by four other bridges all of which connect to the Limmatquai; from south to north these are the Münsterbrücke, Rathausbrücke, Rudolf-Brun-Brücke and Mühlesteg. For most of its length, the street runs directly alongside the river, with buildings only on its eastern side, and with a clear view across the river to the west. The only buildings abutting the street from the west are the Wasserkirche, located on what was originally an island within the river, together with the Rathaus (town hall) and a police station, which both form part of the Rathausbrücke bridge structure. History In the 12th and 13th century, the houses alongside the east bank of the Limmat were built directly on the shore, and were accessed from Oberdorfstrasse and Niederdorfstrasse on their landward sides. Over the course of the following centuries, the Limmat was increasingly channeled, and it can be demonstrated that the right bank of the Limmat is now up to in front of the original bank. Although the Limmatquai as a through road along the river side dates from the 19th century, it was actually built in several sections at different times and under different names, and the name Limmatquai has only applied to the full length of the current street since 1933. The section downstream of the Marktgasse lane and the Rathaus was originally known as Marktststrasse or Altes Limmatquai, and was built in two stages, south of Rosengasse between 1823 and 1825, and to the north between 1855 and 1859. The section between the Rathaus and the steps up to Grossmünsterplatz was originally known as Rathausquai and was built in 1835/36, along with the Münsterbrücke. The section upstream of the steps was originally known as Sonnenquai and was built between 1835 and 1839. In the years 1887 to 1891 the whole street was broadened, and the Limmatquai assumed its present appearance. Points of interest The churches of Grossmünster and Wasserkirche are both adjacent to the Limmatquai, although both predate its construction. The Grossmünster lies to the east, at the top of a flight of stairs, whilst the Wasserkirche lies on a former river island joined to the street. Among the numerous secular buildings of interest on the street are the Haus zum Rüden, the guild houses of Zimmerleuten, Haue and Saffran, and the Rathaus that was the seat of the assemblies of the city and of the cantonal parliaments. Views across the river from the Limmatquai include the Fraumünster church, the Hotel zum Storchen, the Schipfe and the Lindenhof. The Limmatquai is also one of the main attractions for tourists, and has many small shops, cafés and restaurants. Transport Zürich tram lines 2, 4 and 15 traverse the Limmatquai between Bellevue and Central stops, calling at the intermediate stops at Helmhaus, Rathaus and Rudolf-Brun-Brücke. The Limmat tour boats operated by the Zürichsee-Schifffahrtsgesellschaft call at a landing stage mid-way along the Limmatquai on their route between Zürichhorn and the Landesmuseum. Most private vehicles are prohibited; the area is the largest pedestrian zone of Zürich. Since 25 September 2004, the driving of motor vehicles, motorcycles and scooters is forbidden, except for goods transport, traffic towards Weinplatz, postal delivery services, and doctors and emergency services. Private road transport between Central and Brun bridge and Uraniastrasse (Urania Sternwarte) at the site of the former Oetenbach nunnery is still allowed, as well as between the former upper Limmatquai and Bellevueplatz at the upper end of the Limmat, as the road traffic via Utoquai and Rämistrasse still uses the Bellevue house area as a turning point towards General-Guisan-Quai. Future developments According to the project Riviera, the waterfront promenade between Utoquai, Quaibrücke and Limmatquai will be planted with two-row lines of Chestnut trees, and along the staircase to the Limmat will be added a third detached tree row of Styphnolobium japonicum. The garden restaurant Terrasse will be redesigned, while the snack stand is maintained. Bus and motorized road transport operate in the future on a common track, meaning the separate bus lane at Utoquai is repealed, but on the river shore a bidirectional cycle path added. Culture The best-known event on the Limmatquai is the annual Sechseläuten parade which traverses the street on its way to Sechseläutenplatz. The fictitious 2007 Swiss mystery film Marmorea was filmed at the Burghölzli sanatory in the Weinegg district, on the Limmat near Technopark Zürich, at the Limmatquai promenade, and on the Münsterbrücke river crossing towards Münsterhof. Between April 2014 and January 2015, an art installation known as the Hafenkran or Zürich maritim project was present on the Limmatquai. The installation comprised an old harbour crane from Dresden, together with a number of bollards and a port horn located on different high-rise buildings in Zürich. The installation proved controversial, and polarized the public and the political establishment of Zürich. Bibliography Das Limmatquai vor und nach der Neugestaltung. Aufenthaltsnutzung, Fuss- und Veloverkehrsaufkommen im Vergleich der Jahre 2004-2005-2008. Published by Tiefbau- und Entsorgungsdepartement der Stadt Zürich, Zürich 2009. References External links Limmatquai page from the Zürich Tourist Service A history of the Limmatquai (in German) Altstadt (Zürich) Streets in Zürich Culture of Zürich History of Zürich Limmat

Trigonobela nebridopepla is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Turner in 1915. It is found in Australia, where it has been recorded from Queensland. The wingspan is about 34 mm. The forewings are pale-brown with pale-fuscous markings, and pale-ochreous spots. There is a dentate transverse line and a pale-centred discal spot before the middle, as well as a dentate line from the costa, obsolete towards the dorsum, preceded and followed by some small pale-ochreous spots. There is a subterminal series of pale-fuscous spots, succeeded by a series of pale-ochreous spots. The hindwings have the same colour and markings as the forewings, but the lines are not dentate. The larvae are thought to be internal feeders of scrub cane species. References Moths described in 1915 Spilomelinae

Longwave are parts of the radio spectrum with relatively long wavelengths. Longwave or Long Wave may also refer to: Science and technology Outgoing longwave radiation, associated with the energy emitted from a planetary body Thermal radiation, when generated by the motion of relatively low-temperature particles Long wave macrotexture, a road characteristic Arts and entertainment Longwave (band), a rock band from Brooklyn, New York Long Wave, a Jeff Lynne album Longwave (film), a 2013 French-language Swiss-French-Portuguese film, original title Les Grandes Ondes (à l'ouest) Other uses Kondratiev wave, hypothesized cycle-like phenomena in economics

Zaibunnisa Street or Elphinstone Street (former name) (), is a thoroughfare and a shopping center in central Karachi, Pakistan that courses through Saddar, the city's colonial-era commercial centre. It is believed to have been renamed after Zaib-un-Nissa Hamidullah, Pakistan's first woman editor and publisher, in 1970. However, some historians argue it was renamed after the Mughal princess Zeb-un-Nissa. History The road was founded as Elphinstone Street and was named after Mountstuart Elphinstone, the first British ambassador to Afghanistan who also played a vital role in defeating the Maratha Empire. It used to be one of the most prestigious shopping areas in Karachi before the newly built shopping malls in the suburban areas of Karachi were built from the 1980s onwards. Zaibunnisa Street now is known for having a huge number of watch, clock and jewelry shops, large clothing stores for women and men, as well as shoe stores. Route Zaibunnisa Street begins at Garden Square - the point at which it intersects with Muhammad Ali Jinnah Road (former name is Bunder Road). From there, it courses south, first intersecting with Castle Street near the Brooks Memorial Church. From there, it passes Price Street near Jahangir Park and intersects with Preedy Street. It then enters the central part of Saddar, where it is lined with several heritage buildings. Going south, it intersects with Hale Street in Bohri Bazaar, Albert Street, Woodburn Street, Parr Street, Shahrah-e-Iraq, Dundass Street, Blenken Street, before ending at Sarwar Shaheed Street. From there, it continues south as Fatima Jinnah Street towards Civil Lines. Gallery See also Zaib-un-Nissa Hamidullah List of streets in Karachi References Streets in Karachi Retail markets in Karachi Saddar Town

Dactylellina is a genus mitosporic fungi in the family Orbiliaceae. There are 16 species. Species Dactylellina arcuata (Scheuer & J. Webster) Ying Yang & Xing Z. Liu 2006 Dactylellina candida (Nees) Yan Li 2005 Dactylellina candidum (Nees) Yan Li 2006 Dactylellina cionopaga (Drechsler) Ying Yang & Xing Z. Liu 2006 Dactylellina daliensis H.Y. Su 2008 Dactylellina ferox (Onofri & S. Tosi) M. Scholler, Hagedorn & A. Rubner 1999 Dactylellina formosana (J.Y. Liou, G.Y. Liou & Tzean) M. Scholler, Hagedorn & A. Rubner 1999 Dactylellina haptospora (Drechsler) M. Scholler, Hagedorn & A. Rubner 1999 Dactylellina haptotyla (Drechsler) M. Scholler, Hagedorn & A. Rubner 1999 Dactylellina hertziana (M. Scholler & A. Rubner) M. Scholler, Hagedorn & A. Rubner 1999 Dactylellina huisuniana (J.L. Chen, T.L. Huang & Tzean) M. Scholler, Hagedorn & A. Rubner 1999 Dactylellina illaqueata D.S. Yang & M.H. Mo 2006 Dactylellina parvicolle (Drechsler) Yan Li 2006 Dactylellina quercus Bin Liu, Xing Z. Liu & W.Y. Zhuang 2005 Dactylellina sichuanensis Yan Li, K.D. Hyde & K.Q. Zhang 2006 Dactylellina varietas Yan Li, K.D. Hyde & K.Q. Zhang 2006 References http://www.indexfungorum.org Helotiales Leotiomycetes genera

Bill Robinson (August 31, 1921 – June 25, 2008) was a Canadian ice hockey centreman who played for the 1941 Memorial Cup champion Winnipeg Rangers. He was born in Cartwright, Manitoba. Awards and achievements Turnbull Cup MJHL Championship (1941) Memorial Cup Championship (1941) Honoured Member of the Manitoba Hockey Hall of Fame External links Bill Robinson’s biography at Manitoba Hockey Hall of Fame 1921 births 2008 deaths Canadian ice hockey centres Harringay Racers players Ice hockey people from Manitoba New York Rovers players Ottawa Senators (QSHL) players People from Pembina Valley Region, Manitoba Portage Terriers players Quebec Aces (QSHL) players Seattle Americans players Seattle Ironmen players Winnipeg Rangers players

Elius dilatatus, is a species of click beetle found in India, Sri Lanka, Malaysia and Singapore. Description Body length is about 16 to 17 mm. Body reddish brown with a yellowish, long and dense pubescence. Antennae with 11 antennomeres which are densely pubescent. Scape is shorter than eye. Second antennomere is globular, whereas third is triangular and elongate. Labrum is narrow, and semi-elliptical. Mandibles narrow with one apical and one subapical tooth. Pronotum slightly wider than long, and slightly narrowed to apex. Pronotum with coarse and very dense punctuation. Prosternal spine is flat with narrowe and rounded apex. Metacoxal plate strongly narrowed laterally. Tibial spurs are long. Scutellum subpentagonal with rounded distal margin. Elytra convex with punctuated and grooved striae and slightly convex interstices. Male has subtriangular Tergite 8 which is almost completely setous and clothed with microtrichiae. Aedeagus is elongate with ventrally fused parameres. References Elateridae Insects of Sri Lanka Insects described in 1859

The Watermans are a family of politicians from the United States. Below is a list of members: David Waterman, Connecticut State Representative 1794 1800. Brother of Luther Waterman. Luther Waterman (1753–1807), New York Assemblyman 1804–1805. Brother of David Waterman. Elisha Waterman (1777–1857), Connecticut State Representative 1824 1827, Connecticut State Senator 1837. Second cousin once removed of David Waterman and Luther Waterman. Thomas G. Waterman (1787–1862), District Attorney of Broome County, New York 1822–1823; New York Assemblyman 1824; New York State Senator 1827–1830. Son of David Waterman. William H. Waterman (1813–1867), Mayor of Racine, Wisconsin 1851. Second cousin twice removed of David Waterman and Luther Waterman. Charles M. Waterman, Mayor of New Orleans, Louisiana 1856–1858. Third cousin twice removed of David Waterman and Luther Waterman. Alexander H. Waterman (1825–1856), U.S. Consul in Curaçao 1856. Second cousin thrice removed of David Waterman and Luther Waterman. Robert W. Waterman (1826–1891), Lieutenant Governor of California 1887, Governor of California 1887–1891. Second cousin thrice removed of David Waterman and Luther Waterman. Sterry R. Waterman (1901–1984), delegate to the Republican National Convention 1936, Judge of the U.S. Court of Appeals 1955–1970. Second cousin four times removed of David Waterman and Luther Waterman. Herbert Martin Waterman, Maine State Representative 1925–1926. Third cousin twice removed of Charles M. Waterman. Jennifer Waterman (1923-1987) Family moves to Hammersmith, London Henrietta II Waterman (1955-2010) married to Phillip Derham (1947-2013) See also List of United States political families References Political families of the United States

Shaloch () is a rural locality (a village) in Lentyevskoye Rural Settlement, Ustyuzhensky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The population was 14 as of 2002. There are 4 streets. Geography Shaloch is located northeast of Ustyuzhna (the district's administrative centre) by road. Sysoyevo is the nearest rural locality. References Rural localities in Ustyuzhensky District

Angels of Youth, by Luigi Fontanella, is a book of poems written originally in Italian and based on his Italian volume Ceres. Synopsis It is divided into four sections, Ceres, Stanzas for Emma, Ars Poetica, and Ballads. It includes "Stanzas for Emma" dedicated to the poet's daughter, and "Sequence for my Father" which reflects on his dead parent. Publication history Angels of Youth is a translation of Ceres, Fontanella's ninth volume of poetry, originally published in Italian by Caramanica Editore in 1993. The Italian edition won The Orazio Caputo Prize and The Olindo de Gennaro Prize, and received over thirty reviews in prestigious literary journals in Europe and the United States. Devised with American readers in mind, the Xenos Books translation makes subtle modifications in the content, reorganizes the book's structure and adds two new poems. Critical response Prof Ken Scambray (University of La Verne) suggested it redefines Italian-American literature by moving away from its stereotypical images, praising its realism and ability to find beauty in the quotidian. Editions References Italian poetry collections

Brusk Sport Club () is an Iraqi football team based in Erbil, that plays in Iraq Division Two and Kurdistan Premier League. Managerial history Delshad Maarouf Nazar Akram Famous players Ali Hussein Shihab (1995–2000) Honours Domestic Kurdistan Premier League Winners (2): 2007–08, 2008–09 See also 2001–02 Iraq FA Cup 2002–03 Iraq FA Cup References External links Brusk SC on Goalzz.com Iraq Clubs- Foundation Dates 1998 establishments in Iraq Association football clubs established in 1998 Football clubs in Erbil

Seize the Rainbow is an album by American jazz guitarist Sonny Sharrock which was recorded in 1987 and released on the Enemy label. Critical reception Cadence Magazine gave Seize the Rainbow a positive review, finding Sharrock to be in exceptionally melodic form and finally accompanied by sidemen who are just as good on a record that may be his "most accessible effort yet", even though some of Sharrock's more experimental solos also work well with his band. In The Village Voice, Robert Christgau said he continues to develop as a gifted melodist with music that is "as accessible as good jazz-rock gets" despite some moments of "signature chaos". He gave the record an "A" and deemed it "uncommonly beautiful and direct without flirting with the saccharine or the simplistic". In his list for the Pazz & Jop critics poll, Christgau named it the tenth best album of the year. In a retrospective four-star review, AllMusic editor Steve Huey said, "Even if it isn't quite as evocative as the solo sound paintings of Guitar, Seize the Rainbow does place Sharrock's playing in one of its most accessible settings, and it's perhaps the best starting point for rock fans wondering what the fuss is about". Track listing Personnel Adapted from the Seize the Rainbow liner notes. Musicians Pheeroan akLaff – drums Melvin Gibbs – bass guitar Sonny Sharrock – guitar, production Abe Speller – percussion, drums Production and additional personnel Bill Laswell – co-producer, 6-string bass (7) Robert Musso – mixing References External links 1987 albums Sonny Sharrock albums Enemy Records albums Albums produced by Bill Laswell

Jere Kalervo Lehtinen (born June 24, 1973) is a Finnish former professional ice hockey forward. A right winger, he was drafted in the third round, 88th overall, in the 1992 NHL Entry Draft by the Minnesota North Stars. Lehtinen played his entire 15-year National Hockey League (NHL) career with the North Stars/Dallas Stars organization. A two-way forward, Lehtinen is perhaps best known for his defensive responsibilities, for which he won the Frank J. Selke Trophy three times as the NHL's top defensive forward. After his retirement, he has served as the general manager of the Finnish national ice hockey team. He was inducted into the IIHF Hall of Fame in 2018. Playing career Finland Lehtinen played in the 1987 Quebec International Pee-Wee Hockey Tournament with a youth team from Espoo. Lehtinen started his professional career with his hometown team, Kiekko-Espoo. The team was jammed in first division in 1991 but they managed to win the division and gained a spot in the Finnish SM-liiga, from there Lehtinen started his professional career. He spent another year with Kiekko-Espoo, but the team struggled, and after one season, Lehtinen received an offer from one of the biggest clubs in Finland at the time, TPS in Turku. He signed with TPS in the summer of 1993 and once the season started, he soon blossomed offensively. Lehtinen was immediately paired with another future NHLer, Saku Koivu, and the two formed an integral part of TPS's great season. Although they won the regular season title by a large margin, they lost to Jokerit in the finals. The following season, TPS and Lehtinen went all the way again, this time defeating Jokerit in the final series, 3–2. After the SM-liiga season was over, Lehtinen received an invite to the 1995 World Championships. Finland progressed to the final, defeating Sweden 4–1, winning Finland's first IIHF World Championship gold medal. Lehtinen was part of the renowned Finnish top line, dubbed by Finnish fans as the "Ankkalinnan pojat" ("The boys of Duckburg," a reference to their nicknames "Tupu, Hupu, Lupu"; "Huey, Dewey, Louie") with Saku Koivu and Ville Peltonen, another future NHLer. The three also made up the tournament's all-star line. Dallas Stars 1995–2005 After an impressive year in 1995, where Lehtinen won both the SM-liiga and World Championship, he went overseas to play in the NHL. He saw only one game in the minors and was part of the Dallas Stars organization instantly. Lehtinen worked his way up in three years to join Mike Modano on the team's first line and was nominated for the Frank J. Selke Trophy for the first time in 1996–97 season. During 1997–98 season, he was voted to the 1998 NHL All-Star Game. It was the first year the NHL introduced a new system in which European players play against North American players. Lehtinen's fellow countrymen Saku Koivu, Teemu Selänne and Jari Kurri were also voted to the Game. The same year, Lehtinen was again a nominee for the Selke Trophy as the best defensive forward and eventually won the prestigious award. He is the first Finnish player to have won the award. Lehtinen was also part of the bronze-winning Finnish team at the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano, Japan. In 1999, the Stars progressed to the Stanley Cup Finals, where they defeated the Buffalo Sabres in six games, winning the Stanley Cup. In the series, Lehtinen scored the first goal in the decisive Game 6, then assisted on Brett Hull's Cup-winning goal in overtime. That year, Lehtinen set career-high statistics and also captured the Selke Trophy, becoming just the third player in NHL history to win the award in consecutive seasons. Despite the highs of the previous season, the 1999–2000 campaign was a tough one for Lehtinen. He played in only 17 regular season games due to ankle problems, fracturing it early in the season and sidelining for 30 games. After he had seemingly recovered from the injury, he returned to the lineup, but was again sidelined after playing just eight games, forcing him out of Dallas' lineup for an additional 35 games. However, he returned to help his team in the 2000 playoffs, where the Stars again progressed to the Finals, but were defeated by the New Jersey Devils in six games. Lehtinen bounced back to his old form in 2000–01 season, putting up a strong season statistics-wise. Although they again made the playoffs, the Stars, however, did not progress go as deep as they had in previous years and were dispatched in the second round by the St. Louis Blues in a four-game sweep. In 2001–02, Lehtinen had a stellar season. Although the Stars failed to qualify for the 2002 playoffs, Lehtinen managed to score 25 goals, 24 assists and finished first on the team in plus-minus with +27. He was again voted to the NHL All-Star Game, but was unable to play due to injury. He ranked seventh in Lady Byng Memorial Trophy voting and was again nominated for the Selke Trophy, though he came in short; Michael Peca was honored with the award for second time in his career. After an impressive 2001–02, Lehtinen continued his fine form in 2002–03. He led the Stars in goals with 31, a new career high, as well as in plus-minus (+39), which ranked fourth in the NHL. He also recorded his second career NHL hat-trick, coming against the Los Angeles Kings. Moreover, Lehtinen became only the third player in League history to win the Selke Trophy three times, tying Guy Carbonneau for three and just one behind Bob Gainey, who has won it four times. The 2003–04 season, however, was a disappointment to Lehtinen, as injury problems to his knee allowed him to play just 58 games, where he scored 26 points. The Stars were knocked out by the Colorado Avalanche in the first playoff round. Before the NHL lockout for the 2004–05 season, the World Cup of Hockey was played. Lehtinen once again represented Finland and the Finns met Canada in the final; the latter won the gold with a 3–2 win over Finland. 2005–2010 Lehtinen underwent knee surgery during the lockout season. After successful surgery and rehabilitation, he excelled when NHL play resumed for the 2005–06 season, tying a career-high in points (52) and setting a new career-high in goals (33). The Stars won the Pacific Division title, their seventh in past ten seasons. However, Dallas was once again eliminated in the first playoff round, again at the hands of the Colorado Avalanche. Lehtinen was again a nominee for the Selke Trophy, but ultimately finished third in voting. The 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin took place in the middle of the 2005–06 NHL season. Lehtinen was again a vital part of Team Finland's journey to the gold medal game. Like in previous international tournaments, Lehtinen was placed in a line with Saku Koivu and Teemu Selänne. However, Finland lost the final bitterly 3–2 to their nemesis, Team Sweden. Koivu and Selänne were the tournament's joint top scorer; Lehtinen finished tied for seventh. Had Finland won the final, Lehtinen would have become the first Finn to join the Triple Gold Club. In the 2006–07 season, Lehtinen scored 26 goals and led the team in goals for second consecutive season. The Stars, however, failed to progress from the first round of the playoffs for the third season in a row, falling to the Vancouver Canucks. Despite the series stretched to seven games, Lehtinen failed to contribute a single point for his team. Lehtinen began the 2007–08 season strongly, posting six goals and 13 assists (19 points) in just 21 games before suffering a sports hernia. He returned on February 1, 2008, in a game against the Edmonton Oilers after a 33-game layoff. He marked his return with an assist on a Jussi Jokinen goal in the game. Lehtinen became one of just six players in Olympic ice hockey history to win four tournament medals when Finland defeated Slovakia 5–3 at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver on February 27, 2010. Lehtinen also is one of only seven ice hockey players who have appeared in at least five Olympic games. On December 8, 2010, Lehtinen officially announced his retirement from professional hockey, finishing with 243 goals and 271 assists and a career plus-minus rating of +176 in 875 NHL games, all with the Stars. Impressively, he never finished a season with a negative plus-minus until his final season in the NHL. On February 11, 2017, the Stars announced that they would retire Lehtinen's No. 26 jersey in the 2017–18 season as part of their 25th anniversary in Dallas; it was retired on November 24, 2017, before the Stars' game against the Calgary Flames. Personal life Lehtinen met his wife, Jaana, at the 1994 Olympics in Lillehammer, Norway. The two were married in June 1998 and since the ceremony was only a few days after the NHL Awards, Lehtinen was not present to accept the first Frank J. Selke Trophy of his career. The couple has twin girls, Anna and Sofia, and one son, Joel. Awards Played in SM-liiga All-Star Game – 1995 Raimo Kilpiö Trophy – 1995 Kanada-malja (Turun Palloseura) — 1995 Ice Hockey World Championships Tournament All-Star – 1995 NHL Rookie of the Month – February, 1996 Stars Rookie of the Year – 1996 Voted to the NHL All-Star Game – 1998, 2002 (didn't play due to injury) Frank J. Selke Trophy – 1998, 1999, 2003 Stanley Cup champion (Dallas Stars) — 1999 Espoo Blues #10 jersey retired – 2014 Dallas Stars #26 jersey retired – 2017 IIHF Hall of Fame – 2018 Career statistics Regular season and playoffs International References External links 1973 births Living people Dallas Stars players Espoo Blues players Finnish ice hockey right wingers Finnish ice hockey world championship gold medalists Frank Selke Trophy winners HC TPS players Ice hockey players at the 1994 Winter Olympics Ice hockey players at the 1998 Winter Olympics Ice hockey players at the 2002 Winter Olympics Ice hockey players at the 2006 Winter Olympics Ice hockey players at the 2010 Winter Olympics IIHF Hall of Fame inductees Medalists at the 1998 Winter Olympics Medalists at the 1994 Winter Olympics Medalists at the 2006 Winter Olympics Medalists at the 2010 Winter Olympics Minnesota North Stars draft picks National Hockey League All-Stars Olympic bronze medalists for Finland Olympic ice hockey players for Finland Olympic medalists in ice hockey Olympic silver medalists for Finland Ice hockey people from Espoo Stanley Cup champions

This is a list of presidents of the English College, Douai. Notes Douai

WCVE may refer to: WCVE-FM, a radio station (88.9 FM) licensed to serve Richmond, Virginia, United States WCVE-TV, a television station (channel 22, virtual 23) licensed to serve Richmond, Virginia

Vijayīndra Tīrtha (also known as Vijayendra Tīrtha) (1514 - 1595) was a Dvaita philosopher and dialectician. A prolific writer and an unrelenting polemicist, he is said to have authored 104 treatises expounding the principles of Dvaita and defending it against attacks from the contemporary orthodox schools of Vedanta. He held the pontifical seat at Kumbakonam under the rule of Thanjavur Nayaks where he participated in polemical discussions with the Advaita philosopher Appayya Dikshita Inscriptions from that era record grants of villages received by Vijayindra for his triumph over theological debates . Legend ascribes to him mastery over 64 arts and his erudition, writes Sharma, "is evident from a few of his works bearing on Purva Mimamsa, Nyaya and Kavya literature". Life Almost nothing is known about his early life and family. Most of the information on Vijayindra is derived from a few inscriptions and two hagiographies: Rāghavendra Vijaya and Guruguṇastavana. Born as Vitthalācharya in a Kannada-speaking Deshastha Madhva Brahmin family, he studied Vedanta, Mimamsa and Nyaya under the philosopher Vyasatirtha. He also received training in Kavya (poetics), Natya (drama) and Alankara (rhetoric). Aged 25, he moved to Kumbakonam at the behest of Surendra Tirtha, the erstwhile pontiff of the Dhakshinadi Kavindra mutt. Vitthala eventually succeeded Surendra as the pontiff with the title Vijayīndra Tīrtha. Inscriptional evidence and traditional accounts note that Vijayindra received patronage from Aliya Rama Raya and grants from Sevappa Nayak of Tanjore. He was involved in severe polemical discussions with his rival and friend Appayya Dikshita, with several of his works dedicated to refuting the claims of Appayya. After his death in 1595, his mortal remains were enshrined in the mutt at Kumbakonam. He was succeeded by Sudhindra Tirtha. Works Vijayindra tirtha is credited with as many as 104 literary works of which many are non-extant. A few that remain mainly consist of commentaries on the works of Vyasatirtha (Laghu Amoda) and Madhva (Tattvaprakasika Tippani), polemical works refuting the works of Appayya Dikshita and several treatises dealing with the issue of compatibility of Dvaita with Mimamsa (Chakra Mimamsa). A few poems and three dramatical works have been attributed to him as well. List of notable works 104 works are attributed to Vijayindra of which only sixty are extant. Except for a few notable works, many remain unprinted. The manuscripts are preserved in mutts at Nanjangud, Mantralayam and Kumbakonam. Notes References Bibliography External links Vijayindra Tirtha and the origin of Kashi Math Biographical Sketch on Vijayindra Tirtha Vaishnavite religious leaders Dvaita Vedanta Dvaitin philosophers

Gjógvaráfjall is a 345-metre-high mountain overlooking the village of Vágur. The mountain is located north of Vágseiði in the western part of the village. Some of the houses in Vágur are located on Gjógavaráfjall. A little river is named after the mountain, it is called Gjógvará. "Á" in Faroese means 'river'. "Gjógv" is the Faroese word for 'gorge'. References Mountains of the Faroe Islands Suðuroy

Clark Creek is a stream in Washington, Dodge, and Burt counties, Nebraska, in the United States. It is a tributary of the Elkhorn River. Clark was named for M. H. Clark, a politician of the Nebraska Territory. See also List of rivers of Nebraska References Rivers of Burt County, Nebraska Rivers of Dodge County, Nebraska Rivers of Washington County, Nebraska Rivers of Nebraska

The 2014–15 Korisliiga was the 75th season of the highest professional basketball tier in Finland. The league champion qualified for the 2015–16 Eurocup regular season. Kataja won its first title in franchise history. Teams Eleven teams participated in the Korisliiga this season. Lappeenrannan NMKY left the league because of its poor economic situation. Budgets Regular season Rounds 1-20 Rounds 21-40 Playoffs Awards References Korisliiga seasons Finnish Koris

Redetermination may refer to: Appeal, the process in which legal cases are reviewed, where parties request a formal change to an official decision, functioning as a process for both error correction and clarifying and interpreting law Redetermination of Chemical structure

The Sixth Crusade (1228–1229), also known as the Crusade of Frederick II, was a military expedition to recapture Jerusalem and the rest of the Holy Land. It began seven years after the failure of the Fifth Crusade and involved very little actual fighting. The diplomatic maneuvering of the Holy Roman Emperor and King of Sicily, Frederick II, resulted in the Kingdom of Jerusalem regaining some control over Jerusalem for much of the ensuing fifteen years as well as over other areas of the Holy Land. Western Europe after the Fifth Crusade The Fifth Crusade ended in 1221, having accomplished nothing. Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, never joined the campaign, despite his vow to do so. The forces he sent to Egypt arrived too late to make a difference in the debacle, partially due to the lack of effective leadership. They would have to wait for many more years for Frederick's actions. When Pope Innocent III died in 1216, his successor Honorius III did not immediately hold Frederick to his vow, but reminded him that the Christian world had waited for his action. Gregory IX, the successor to Honorius, becoming pope in March 1227, would not be so kind to the emperor. In Syria and Egypt, the Ayyubids were engaged in basically a civil war, pitting the sultan al-Kamil against many of his brothers and other relatives. Yet the sultan's offer of territory for peace made during the Fifth Crusade remained on the table, and Frederick would be the one to take advantage of it. Frederick II and the Papacy The failure of the Fifth Crusade was a devastating blow to Christendom. Of all the European sovereigns, only Frederick II, the Holy Roman Emperor, was in a position to regain Jerusalem after the loss. Frederick was, like many of the 13th-century rulers, a serial crucesignatus. When he was formally crowned as King of Germany at Aachen on 15 July 1215, he astonished the crowd by taking the cross and calling upon the nobles present to do the same. Twenty years separated the crusader vows of the emperor Henry VI of Germany and his son Frederick and it is unclear whether the father's German Crusade of 1197 impacted the son's objectives for the Fifth Crusade. The emperor again took the vow when he was re-crowned in Rome by the pope on 22 November 1220. At the same time, Frederick's oldest son Henry VII of Germany took the title of King of the Romans, and Constance of Aragon was crowned empress. A year later, Honorius III reminded Frederick that he had not fulfilled his vow, and in December 1221, sent Nicola de Chiaromonte, cardinal-bishop of Tusculum, to confer with Frederick. They returned to Veroli in April 1222 to confer with the pontiff. A strategy meeting for the next Crusade did not happen until March 1223 at Ferentino and included the pope and emperor, plus John of Brienne, Latin patriarch Raoul of Mérencourt, the masters of the military orders, and many others. Frederick again vowed to go on Crusade in addition to signing an agreement with the errant Thomas of Celano, negotiated by Thomas of Aquino. But neither this nor the one signed two years later at San Germano assured Frederick's departure. A new date was set for the expedition of 24 June 1225. At the same time, Frederick, widowed since June 1222, planned a strategic wedding. After the retreat of the Crusaders from Egypt in 1221, John of Brienne returned to Acre. He hoped to find a suitable husband for his daughter Isabella II of Jerusalem, then just 9 years of age. Leaving Odo of Montbéliard as bailli of the kingdom, he travelled to Italy, accompanied by patriarch Raoul of Mérencourt and Hospitaller master Guérin de Montaigu. In Apulia, he met with Frederick II and arranged for the marriage of Isabella II to the emperor. The pope gave his blessing, and it was John's understanding that he remain regent until 1226. When John left Italy, marrying Berengaria of León in 1224, he entrusted Hermann of Salza to conclude the arrangements for the wedding of his daughter. Once again, preachers were sent throughout Europe to gain support for a new crusade, this time to be led by Frederick. Despite readying transport ships, the situation did not look good to meet the target date. Hermann of Salza and Raoul of Mérencourt were sent to the pope to apprise him of the situation. That would be one of the patriarch's last official acts, as he died in late 1224, succeeded by the bishop of Valence, Gérold of Lausanne. Honorius III sent cardinal bishop Conrad of Porto as papal legate to Germany, urging the clergy there to continue to pursue the crusade. The pope also urged Louis VIII of France to join Frederick, and to resolve his quarrel with Raymond VII of Toulouse. None of these efforts were fruitful and all were convinced that the timetable set at Ferentino was unachievable. The pope while at Rieti agreed to a delay on 18 July 1225, just days before the deadline and ten years after Frederick had originally committed to a crusade. The Agreement of San Germano The Agreement of San Germano of 25 July 1225, signed at present day Cassino, was between Frederick II and Honorius III. A Dominican named Guala de Roniis was responsible for the negotiations. Frederick promised to depart on the Crusade by 15 August 1227 and remain for two years. During this period, he was to maintain 1000 knights in Syria, provide transport for additional forces, and provide Rome with 100,000 ounces in gold in the care of Hermann of Salza, John of Brienne and the patriarch. These funds would be returned to the emperor once he arrived at Acre. If, for any reason (including his death), he did not arrive, the money would be employed for the needs of the Holy Land. He also promised that if he went on Crusade that he would lead. After the agreement was signed, Guala became Bishop of Brescia. Based on the terms of the agreement, Frederick's forces ceased to occupy portions of the pontifical states. Moreover, all papal possessions in the Kingdom of Sicily were to be restored to the pope. Frederick attested to the terms at the high altar with his hand on the Gospels. Apostolic legate Rainald of Urslingen, the duke of Spoleto, swore "on the soul of the emperor" that the agreement would be upheld under the pain of excommunication. In a letter to the pope, Frederick reiterated the terms and accepted the ban in the event the Crusade did not happen. He had committed himself beyond all retreat. The situation in Italy After agreeing with Honorius to launch a Crusade before 1228, Frederick summoned an imperial Diet at Cremona, the main pro-imperial city in Lombardy. The main arguments for holding the Diet would be to continue the struggle against heresy, to organize the crusade, and to restore the imperial power in northern Italy, long usurped by the numerous communes located there. Those assembled responded with the reformation of the Lombard League, which had already defeated the emperor Frederick I in the 12th century, and again Milan was chosen as the league's leader. The Diet was cancelled as well as the Truce of Constance. The situation was stabilized only through a compromise reached by Honorius between Frederick and the league. During his sojourn in northern Italy, Frederick also invested the Teutonic Knights with the territories in what would become East Prussia, starting what was later called the Northern Crusades. King of Jerusalem Frederick II desired to go to the Holy Land as king of Jerusalem. He married John of Brienne's daughter Isabella II by proxy in August 1225 at Acre, presided over by Giacomo, the bishop of Patti. In accordance with her father's wishes, she was crowned queen of Jerusalem a few days later at Tyre. Frederick sent fourteen galleys for her, under the command of admiral Henry of Malta, pardoned since his role at the disaster at Mansurah during the Fifth Crusade. They were formally married at Brindisi on 9 November 1227. John and Frederick's relationship became frayed, as Frederick claimed the kingship of Jerusalem. John had allegedly been given assurances that he would be king of Jerusalem for the rest of his life. According to one version, John got into a disagreement with his new son-in-law because Frederick seduced a niece of Isabella who was her lady-in-waiting. In the other version of the chronicle, John often chastised his son-in-law, concluding that John wanted to seize Sicily for his nephew Walter IV of Brienne. Frederick declared that John had lost his claim to the kingdom when Isabella married him. He proclaimed himself king of Jerusalem for the first time in December 1225, taking the crown at a special ceremony at Foggia. John of Brienne left for Rome, where Honorius sympathized with him, and ignored Frederick's claims. Balian of Sidon, Simon of Maugastel, the archbishop of Tyre, and the other Jerusalemite lords who had escorted Isabella to Brindisi acknowledged Frederick as their lawful king. Notably, these did not include the Ibelins. Nevertheless, the law––the Assizes of Jerusalem––required that the monarch be a resident of the kingdom. Frederick's first royal decree was to bestow new privileges upon Hermann of Salza and the Teutonic Knights, placing them on equal footing as the Templars and Hospitallers. Thomas of Aquino, the emperor's long-time advisor, replaced Odo of Montbéliard as bailli of the kingdom. Financing the Crusade In November 1222, John of Brienne arrived at Brindisi, the first king of Jerusalem to visit Europe, with multiple objectives. The treasury of the kingdom was depleted and additional funds were badly needed. He also wanted to ensure that future crusades were not hampered by the divided leadership shown in Egypt, and that the kingdom would lead such efforts. John's pleas for support at the courts of England and Spain were for naught, and the pledge he received from Philip II of France on his death-bed was from an account already allocated to the Holy Land. Henry III of England did eventually implement a levy but it is not clear that much was made from the voluntary contributions. The conciliar decree Ad Liberandam published at the Fourth Lateran Council in 1215 formed a system of public financing of Crusades. The disbursements from the papal camera formed essential aid to the crusade movement, although the monies collected by individual crucesignati remained important. While some of these funds went directly to local Crusaders, by 1220, Innocent III had consolidated distribution. Frederick did not benefit from this, and from 1221 to 1228 there was limited ecclesiastical impost directed toward his planned Crusade. The funds for this imperial Sixth Crusade would have to be raised by the emperor. The gold sequestered after San Germano was quickly spent due to the delay of the crusade, and Frederick implemented a levy on Sicily beginning in 1228. He also gained financial support from Cyprus and as his new role as king of Jerusalem, but the lack of funds contributed to the small size of the Crusader army. The Ayyubids after 1221 The defeat of the Crusaders in the Fifth Crusade was a joint effort of the brothers al-Kamil, al-Mu'azzam and al-Ashraf. After 1221, al-Mu'azzam returned to Damascus, suspicious of his brothers and their motivations. In June 1222, he conducted an expedition against Guy I Embriaco to enforce the truce, and unsuccessfully attacked his cousin al-Nasir Kilij Arslan, emir of Hama, and later occupying Ma'arrat al-Numan and Salamiyah. Al-Mu'azzam was forced to halt his siege of Hama and to surrender his other conquests by order of al-Kamil. He then formed an alliance with Gökböri, a former general of Saladin's, possibly at the request of the sultan al-Nasir, against his brother al-Ashraf. Another brother, al-Muzaffar Ghazi, had been installed at Mayyafariqin and Akhlat, losing Akhlat to al-Ashraf after revolting against him. Ghazi joined the rebellion of al-Mu'azzam's, which was quickly suppressed by al-Ashraf and the Alleppine forces. Again attacking at Homs, al-Mu'azzam was restrained by threats from al-Kamil. Now opposing both of his well-positioned brothers, al-Mu'azzam reached out to disaffected members of the sultan's Egyptian forces, challenging the sultan to come to Syria if he dared. Against al-Ashraf, he enlisted the aid of the Khwarazmians under the shah Jalal al-Din Mangburni to attack Diyar Bakr. In 1226, al-Mu'azzam again moved on Homs, while Gökböri attacked Mosul and al-Jazira. Al-Ashraf stopped his brother at Homs and called on the Seljuk Sultan of Rûm, Kayqubad I, to help him with Gökböri. In the end, both al-Ashraf and Badr al-Din Lu'lu', ruler of Mosul, succumbed to al-Mu'azzam, but not before Jalal had invested himself in Akhlat and later Azerbaijan. His suzerainty over Akhlat was recognized by al-Mu'azzam, who also held al-Ashraf at Damascus. At this point, al-Kamil began exploring peace with the West, dispatching the emir Fakhr ad-Din ibn as-Shaikh to meet Frederick II (see below). By May 1227, al-Kamil was concerned for his sultanate, feeling increasingly boxed in. The arrival of the Crusaders began, and he was again considering his offer of Jerusalem made to Frederick II in 1226, that appearing to him as the only viable option. However, by May 1227, al-Ashraf had been released from Damascus, and the emirs al-Nasir Kilij Arslanat Hama and al-Mujahid at Homs turned against al-Mu'azzam. Fearing the Crusaders gathering at Acre, al-Mu'azzam began, as he did in the Fifth Crusade, to dismantle the defences of his fortresses, including Jerusalem. Al-Mu'azzam died on 12 November 1227, and was succeeded by his son an-Nasir Dā’ūd, with al-Kamil's approval. Peace among the Ayyubids did not last long. Dā’ūd refused his uncle's request to abandon Krak de Montreal. Then, yet another brother, al-Aziz Uthman of Banyas, attacked emir Bahram Shah of Baalbek. Ordered to stand down by Dā’ūd, al-Aziz persisted and al-Kamil responded by taking Jerusalem and Nablus in July 1228. Al-Ashraf was summoned to Damascus and he met al-Kamil at Tall al-Ajul. There it was decided that al-Ashraf would take Damascus, leaving Dā’ūd with al-Jazira. Al-Kamil remained in Jerusalem to conduct negotiations with Frederick II. The Crusade begins By 1226, it was clear that the Sixth Crusade would, in fact, happen with an invasion of Syria and Palestine with the objective of conquering Jerusalem. Frederick II was to lead the Crusade, essentially boxed in by the terms of San Germano. After the death of Honorius III in 1227, the new pope Gregory IX entered the curia with determination to proceed and a long-held dislike for Frederick. Overview The initial phase of the Crusade was a complex endeavour involving multiple deployments, negotiations with the Ayyubids, a delay of the departure of Frederick due to illness, a subsequent excommunication, and, finally, arrival of the emperor at Acre. The key points in the timeline are: August 1227: First wave departs Brindisi, arrives in Syria in October 1226 –1227: Frederick's negotiations with al-Kamil September 1227: The second wave, including Frederick, departs and returns November 1227: Frederick is excommunicated by Gregory IX June 1228: Frederick finally sets sail. After a five-week stopover in Cyprus, in September 1228, Frederick arrived at Acre. German and Sicilian participation The new role of Frederick also affected the objective of the Crusade. In 1224, the plans to invade Egypt required suitable ships able to enter the Nile delta. Now, the emphasis was a campaign to focus on Jerusalem, with men from Germany and finance from Sicily. Oliver of Paderborn, so effective in recruiting for the Fifth Crusade, participated in the recruitment and even joined the army gathering in Italy, but was not as successful. His diminished role was replaced by bishop Conrad of Hildesheim. The landgrave Louis of Thuringia took the cross in 1226 and with Walran of Limburg inspired hundreds of Thuringian and Austrian knights to join. They also drew significant support from Cologne, Lübeck and Worms. Many prelates and ministeriales also joined, including the poet Freidank. The numbers and prowess of the German crusades provided hope to the expedition planners. English participation Henry III of England took the cross upon his coronation in May 1220 and had planned a crusade after Louis IX of France's failures. In 1223, Honorius III appealed to Henry to assist in the Holy Land. But, like his father John Lackland before him, crises closer to home took precedence. Nevertheless, there was to be significant English participation in the Sixth Crusade. William Briwere, the bishop of Exeter, participated in the Crusade as a proxy for his uncle William Brewer, who died before he was able to fulfill his crusading vows. Brewer had taken the cross in 1189, but was excused because of administrative duties. Briwere went on the Crusade with Peter des Roches, bishop of Winchester. An army of other Crusaders accompanied them to the Holy Land, although whether they were English or mercenaries recruited on the Continent is unclear. The contingent left from Brindisi in August 1227. The bishops were influential advisors to Frederick II. As the pope had ordered that no one collaborate with the excommunicate Frederick, both bishops ignored the papal orders and worked closely with Frederick. The financial resources both bishops brought were especially appreciated by the crusaders. The fortifications of Caesarea and Jaffa were implemented with their money. Both witnessed the treaty signing in February 1229 with al-Kamil. Negotiations between the emperor and the sultan As described above, the sultan al-Kamil was in a desperate civil conflict in 1226. Having unsuccessfully tried negotiations with the West beginning in 1219, he again tried this approach. The sultan sent the emir Fakhr ad-Din ibn as-Shaikh to Frederick asking him to come to Acre for discussions, offering return of much of the Holy Land to Christian control in exchange for military support against his brother al-Mu'azzam at Damascus. Fakhr ad-Din reportedly was somewhat amazed when he reached Palermo and discovered that Frederick spoke Arabic, had admiration for Muslim society and contempt for Rome. Frederick responded by sending his bailli and trusted advisor Thomas of Aquino and Berardus de Castacca, archbishop of Palermo, to meet with al-Kamil. Other than an exchange of gifts, nothing was accomplished. The bishop is reported to have continued on the Damascus to negotiate with al-Mu'azzam who, rejecting the overture, attempted to make peace with the younger Ayyubid brother al-Ashraf. The negotiations would continue in the autumn of 1227, after Frederick's excommunication, as described below. The Crusaders depart The port of Brindisi was designated as the departure point and by mid-summer 1227, large numbers of Crusaders had arrived. The crowded conditions and high heat contributed to general discontent and disease among the assembled troops. Many returned home, leaving some transports unused. Others died, including Siegfried von Rechberg, the bishop of Augsburg. The first contingents of Crusaders sailed August 1227 and arrived in Syria early October. They included Germans under the command of Thomas of Aquino and Henry of Limburg, and French and English under the command of the bishops Peter des Roches and William Briwere. Arriving at Acre, they joined with forces of the kingdom and fortified the coastal towns of Caesarea and Jaffa. They forced the Muslims of Damascus out of Sidon and fortified the island of Qal'at al-Bahr. The Germans rebuilt Montfort Castle, northeast of Acre, for the Teutonic Knights. The emperor and his contingent were delayed while their ships were refitted. They sailed on 8 September 1227, but before they reached their first stop of Otranto many, including Frederick, were struck with the plague. Louis of Thuringia had, in fact, died. Frederick disembarked to secure medical attention. Resolved to keep his oath, he sent a fleet of twenty galleys on to Acre. This included Hermann of Salza, Gérold of Lausanne, Odo of Montbéliard and Balian of Sidon. The Crusade was now under the command of Henry IV, Duke of Limburg. In February or March 1228, al-Aziz Uthman of Banyas ambushed a group of crusaders near Tyre, killing or capturing some seventy horsemen. Frederick's excommunication Frederick II sent his emissaries to inform Gregory IX of the situation. These included Rainald of Spoleto, Nicolò dei Maltraversi, the bishop of Reggio, and Marino Filangieri, the archbishop of Bari, but the pope refused to meet with them, and would not listen to Frederick's side of the story. Frederick II, the Holy Roman Emperor, was excommunicated on 29 September 1227. The pope did not know, or care, about Frederick's illness, just that he had not lived up to his agreement. His letter to the emperor of 10 October 1227 laying out conditions for his rehabilitation referred less to the crusade than to infractions in Sicily. In his circular letter announcing the excommunication, Frederick was branded a wanton violator of his sacred oath taken many times, at Aachen, Veroli, Ferentino, and San Germano, and was held responsible for the deaths of Crusaders at Brindisi. He was accused of feigning his illness, relaxing at Pozzouli, rather than in the Holy Land. Frederick's response was more factual, and included an appeal for more to take the cross. In November 1227, the sultan's emissary Fakhr ad-Din ibn as-Shaikh was again sent to meet with the emperor. It is here that it is believed the Fakhr ad-Din was knighted by Frederick, as described by Jean de Joinville, chronicler of the Seventh Crusade. The negotiations were conducted in secret, causing concern among the German Crusaders. Even the amiable poet Freidank, positively disposed towards the emperor, expressed his sorrow. Shortly after Fakhr ad-Din had departed, the emperor's negotiator Thomas of Aquino sent word that al-Mu'azzam had suddenly died on 12 November 1227. This revelation changed the balance of power, and Frederick dispatched Richard Filangieri, marshal of the Kingdom of Sicily, to Syria with 500 knights to augment to force already there as he prepared for a departure in the spring of 1228. The Sixth Crusade Frederick made his last effort to be reconciled with Gregory, sending Albert I of Käfernburg, the archbishop of Magdeburg, and two Sicilian justiciars to speak with the pope. It had no effect and Frederick sailed from Brindisi on 28 June 1228. The fleet was under the command of admiral Henry of Malta, and clergymen Berardus de Castacca, Nicolò dei Maltraversi, Marino Filangieri, and Giacomo of Patti, now archbishop of Capua, accompanied him. He had only a small force with him, since the main force had sailed in August 1227 and reinforcements in April 1228. Guérin de Montaigu, master of the Hospitallers who had helped convince the pope to break the truce with the Muslims, refused to accompany Frederick as an excommunicate. He was replaced by Bertrand de Thessy, who embarked with the emperor. Stopover in Cyprus The route of Frederick's fleet can be traced day-by-day. On 29 June 1228 it stopped in Otranto, whence it crossed the Adriatic Sea to the island of Othonoi on 30 June. It was in Corfu on 1 July, Porto Guiscardo in Cephalonia on 2 July, Methoni on 4 July, Portocaglie near Cape Matapan on 5 July, Cerigo on 6 July and it reached Souda Bay on Crete on 7 July. The fleet moved slowly along the Cretan coast, pausing for a whole day at Heraklion before crossing the Aegean Sea to Rhodes during 12–15 July. They sailed along the Anatolian coast to Phenika, where they stayed on 16–17 July replenishing their water supplies. The fleet then crossed the sea to Cyprus, arriving at Limassol on 21 July. The Kingdom of Cyprus had been an imperial fief since the emperor Henry VI, Frederick's father, had accepted the homage of Aimery of Lusignan and made him king on the eve of the German Crusade in 1196. Hugh I of Cyprus had ruled the island kingdom since the death of his father Aimery in 1205. Upon his death, his wife Alice of Champagne became regent of the young king Henry I of Cyprus. Alice was the aunt of the empress Isabella II and had attended her coronation in Tyre. In the meantime, John of Ibelin, the Old Lord of Beirut, had been appointed regent without the knowledge of either Alice or Frederick. The emperor arrived with the clear intent of stamping his authority on the kingdom and was treated cordially by the local barons. Frederick claimed that the regency of John of Ibelin was illegitimate and demanded the surrender of John's mainland fief of Beirut to the imperial throne. Here he erred, for John pointed out that the kingdoms of Cyprus and Jerusalem were constitutionally separate and he could not be punished for offences in Cyprus by seizure of Beirut. This would have important consequences for the crusade, as it alienated the powerful Ibelin faction, turning them against the emperor. Frederick sailed to Acre from Famagusta on 3 September 1228. He was accompanied by the king Henry I of Cyprus, John of Ibelin, and many Cypriote nobles. He left the Cypriote baron Amalric Barlais as bailli of Cyprus, supported by Gavin of Chenichy. In the Kingdom of Jerusalem Frederick II arrived in Acre on 7 September 1228 and was received warmly by the Templars, Hospitallers and clergy, but denied the kiss of peace due to his excommunication. He yielded to pressure and made overtures to the pope, sending Henry of Malta and archbishop Marino Filangieri to announce his arrival in Syria and to request absolution. Rainald of Spoleto was named Frederick's regent in Sicily authorized to negotiate with Rome. But Gregory IX had already made up his mind, sending word to the Latin patriarch and masters of the military orders that the emperor's ban still held, despite his arrival. When Frederick and his companions arrived at Acre, John of Ibelin went immediately to Beirut to ensure that the city could withstand an imperial attack, returning to face the Haute Cour. Frederick did not immediately take action as Acre was split in its support for Frederick. Frederick's own army and the Teutonic Knights supported him, but the Templars, the patriarch and the Syrian clergy followed the hostile papal line. The Pisans and Genoese supported the emperor and the English vacillated, first for Frederick, shifting to the pope, then back. He gave nominal commands to faithful adherents–Hermann of Salza, Odo of Montbéliard, Richard Filangieri–in order for Crusaders to avoid jeopardizing their positions in the eyes of the curia. Once news of Frederick's excommunication had spread, public support for him waned considerably. The position of the Hospitallers and Templars was more complicated. They refused to join the emperor's army directly, but they supported the Crusade once Frederick agreed to have his name removed from official orders. The Outremer barons greeted Frederick enthusiastically at first, but were wary of the emperor's history of centralization and his desire to impose imperial authority. This was largely due to Frederick's treatment of John of Ibelin in Cyprus, and his apparent disdain for their constitutional concerns. Frederick's army was not large. Of the troops he had sent under duke Henry of Limburg in 1227 had mostly returned home out of impatience or of fear of offending the Church. The few who had sailed East under the patriarch Gérold of Lausanne remained as did the knights under Richard Filangieri. Even augmented with the forces available in Outremer, he could not muster an effective army capable of striking a decisive blow on the Muslims. Further, he got word that his regent Rainald of Spoleto had failed in his attack on the March of Ancona and that Gregory IX was planning to invade his own kingdom. He could neither afford nor mount a lengthening campaign in the Holy Land. The Sixth Crusade would be one of negotiation. Treaty of Jaffa After resolving the internecine struggles in Syria, al-Kamil's position was stronger than it was a year before when he made his original offer to Frederick. He likely did not know that Frederick's force was a mere shadow of the army that had amassed when the Crusade had originally been called. Frederick realised that his only hope of success in the Holy Land was to negotiate for the return of Jerusalem as he lacked the manpower to engage in battle. He sent Thomas of Aquino and Balian of Sidon to inform the sultan of his arrival in the Holy Land. Al-Kamil was friendly but non-committal. In reply, Frederick received the ambassadors of the sultan, including Fakhr ad-Din ibn as-Shaikh, at the Hospitaller camp at Recordane, near Acre. The sultan relocated from Nablus to Hiribya, northeast of Gaza, and Thomas and Balian were sent to resume negotiations. Frederick hoped that a token show of force, a threatening march down the coast, would be enough to convince al-Kamil to honor a proposed agreement that had been negotiated some years earlier. The masters of the Templars and Hospitallers, Pedro de Montaigu and Bertrand de Thessy, accompanied the emperor, at a distance behind as he was excommunicate. In January 1229, Frederick received notice that John of Brienne, serving the curia as rector of a Patrimony of Saint Peter, had taken San Germano and was threatening Capua. This placed Frederick in an awkward position. If he delayed in the Holy Land too long, he could lose his empire. If he left without results, he would be dishonored. He directed Henry of Malta to send twenty galleys to Syria by the following Easter. Fortunately, al-Kamil was occupied with a siege in Damascus against his nephew an-Nasir Dā’ūd. He then agreed to cede Jerusalem to the Franks, along with a narrow corridor to the coast. The treaty was concluded on 18 February 1229, and also involved a ten-year truce. The English bishops Peter des Roches and William Briwere were witness to the signing. No complete copy of the treaty has survived, either in Latin nor Arabic. In it, al-Kamil surrendered Jerusalem with the exception of some Muslim holy sites. Frederick also received Bethlehem and Nazareth, part of Sidon district, and Jaffa and Toron, dominating the coast. Other lordships may have been returned to Christian control, but sources disagree. It was, however, a treaty of compromise. The Muslims retained control over the Temple Mount area of Jerusalem, the Jami Al-Aqsa, and the Dome of the Rock. The Transjordan castles stayed in Ayyubid hands. Whether Frederick was permitted to restore Jerusalem's fortifications was unclear, although the Crusaders did in fact restore Jerusalem's defensive walls. The agreement, known sometimes as the Treaty of Jaffa, also included the agreement signed by the different Ayyubid rulers at Tell Ajul near Gaza, of which, from al-Kamil's perspective, the treaty with Frederick was just an extension, which allows this agreement to be also called the Treaty of Jaffa and Tell Ajul. Frederick seems to have pledged his support to the sultan against all enemies, including Christian ones. The other Crusader states––Principality of Antioch and County of Tripoli––would receive no support in the event of war with the Muslims. The strongholds of the Hospitallers and Templars were left in statu quo, and aid was not to be provided from any source. Prisoners from this conflict and the previous crusade were to be released. The provisions for the military orders and the possessions of Bohemond IV of Antioch likely reflect their lack of support provided to Frederick. In Jerusalem The patriarch and the masters of the military orders––Gérold of Lausanne, Pedro de Montaigu and Bertrand de Thessy––all felt betrayed by the treaty and its concessions making the protection of the Holy city near-impossible. Hermann of Salza approached Gérold with a proposal of reconciliation, but the patriarch saw only deceit, trying to prevent Frederick's entry into Jerusalem by threatening excommunication of the army and placing the city under interdict. He sent archbishop Peter of Caesarea to meet the army, but he was too late. Frederick entered Jerusalem on 17 March 1229 and received the formal surrender of the city by al-Kamil's agent. He went to the Church of the Holy Sepulchre the next day and placed the crown on his own head. Hermann of Salza read the emperor's statement, blaming his excommunication not on the pope, but his advisors. It is unknown whether he intended this to be interpreted as his official coronation as King of Jerusalem; the absence of the patriarch rendered it questionable. There is evidence to suggest that the crown Frederick wore was actually the imperial one, but in any case proclaiming his lordship over Jerusalem was a provocative act. Legally, he was actually only regent for his son with Isabella, Conrad II of Jerusalem, who had been born shortly before Frederick left in 1228. Conrad's maternal grandparents were Maria of Montferrat and John of Brienne. Still wearing his crown, Frederick proceeded to the palace of the Hospitallers were he met with the English bishops and members of the military orders to discuss the fortifications of the city. Not until the morning of 19 March 1229 did Peter of Caesarea arrive to enforce the interdict, which he wisely chose not to do. At any rate, Frederick's interest in Jerusalem was waning, as he was planning to immediately leave. While Frederick was on his way to the harbour he was pelted with dung and entrails by the unappreciative people of Acre. Odo of Montbéliard and John of Ibelin quelled the unrest. On 1 May 1229, Frederick departed from Acre, landing at Cyprus to attend the wedding by proxy of Henry I of Cyprus to Alice of Montferrat, with the bride later transported to Cyprus by the emperor's supporters. He arrived at Brindisi on 10 June 1229, and it was a month before the pope was aware that he had left the Holy Land. By the autumn, he had regained full possession of his empire. Frederick obtained from the pope relief from his excommunication on 28 August 1230 with the Treaty of San Germano, and he returned to the Hospitallers and the Templars the goods confiscated in Sicily. Legacy The results of the Sixth Crusade were not universally acclaimed. Two letters from the Christian side tell differing stories. In his correspondence to Henry III of England, Frederick touts the great success of the endeavour. In contrast, the letter to the "all the faithful" by the patriarch Gérold of Lausanne paints a darker picture of the emperor and his accomplishments. On the Muslim side, al-Kamil himself was pleased with the accord, but Arabic sources referred to the treaty as "one of the most disastrous events of Islam," laying the blame solely with the sultan. The Muslim historians expressed equal disdain for the sultan and the Holy Roman Emperor. The ten-year expiration of Frederick's treaty with al-Kamil caused Pope Gregory IX to call for a new crusade to secure the Holy Lands for Christendom beyond 1239. This initiated the Barons' Crusade, a disorganized affair which wound up with relatively limited support from both Frederick and the pope, but which nevertheless regained more land than even the Sixth Crusade. Frederick had set a precedent, in having achieved success on crusade without papal involvement. He achieved success without fighting since he lacked manpower to engage Ayyubids. This was due to the engagement of Ayyubids with the rebellion in Syria. Further crusades would be launched by individual kings, such as Theobald I of Navarre (the Barons' Crusade), Louis IX of France (the Seventh and Eighth Crusades), and Edward I of England (the Ninth Crusade), effectively demonstrating an erosion of papal authority. In the Ayyubid camp, the treaty allowed the sultan al-Kamil and his brother al-Ashraf to focus their energies into defeating their nephew an-Nasir Dā’ūd, emir of Damascus, capturing his capital city in June 1229. An-Nasir, was left subordinate to al-Kamil and in possession of Kerak. Participants A partial list of those that participated in the Sixth Crusade can be found in the category collections of Christians of the Sixth Crusade and Muslims of the Sixth Crusade. Primary sources The historiography of the Sixth Crusade is concerned with the "history of the histories" of the military campaigns discussed herein as well as biographies of the important figures of the period. The primary sources include works written in the medieval period, generally by participants in the Crusade or written contemporaneously with the event. The primary Western sources of the Sixth Crusade include several eyewitness accounts, and are as follows. Estoire d’Eracles émperor (History of Heraclius) is an anonymous history of Jerusalem down to 1277, a continuation of William of Tyre's work and drawing from both Ernoul and the Rothelin Continuation. Historia Orientalis (Historia Hierosolymitana) and Epistolae, by theologian and historian Jacques de Vitry. Flores Historiarum, by English chronicler Roger of Wendover, covering the period from 1188 up to 1235. Grand chronique, by English chronicler Matthew Paris. Gestes des Chiprois (Deeds of the Cypriots), by several authors including Philip of Novara. Includes The wars of Frederick II against the Ibelins in Syria and Cyprus. Historia diplomatica Frederici secundi, a history of the diplomacy of Frederick II, by French archivist and historian Jean L. Huillard-Bréholles. Ryccardi di Sancto Germano Notarii Chronicon, by Richard of San Germano. The Arabic sources of the Crusade include the following. Complete Work of History, particularly Part 3: The Years 589–629/1193–1231. The Ayyubids after Saladin and the Mongol Menace, by Ali ibn al-Athir, an Arab or Kurdish historian. Kitāb al-rawḍatayn (The Book of the Two Gardens) and its sequel al-Dhayl ʿalā l-rawḍatayn, by Arab historian Abū Shāma. Tarikh al-Mukhtasar fi Akhbar al-Bashar (History of Abu al-Fida), by Kurdish historian Abu’l-Fida. History of Egypt, by Egyptian historian Al-Makrizi. The Necklace of Pearls (Perles d’Historie), by Arab Islamic scholar Badr al-Din al-Ayni. History of the Patriarchs of Alexandria, begun in the 10th century, and continued into the 13th century. Many of these primary sources can be found in Crusade Texts in Translation. German historian Reinhold Röhricht also compiled two collections of works concerning the Sixth Crusade: Beiträge zur Geschichte der Kreuzzüg (1888), Geschichte der Kreuzzüge im Umriss (1898), and Die Kreuzfahrt Kaiser Friedrich des Zweiten (1228–1229) (1872). He also collaborated on the work Annales de Terre Sainte that provides a chronology of the Crusade correlated with the original sources. References Bibliography 13th century in the Crusader states 13th-century crusades Wars involving the Ayyubid Sultanate Wars involving the Holy Roman Empire Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor

USS Rigel (AF-58) was a Rigel-class stores ship acquired by the U.S. Navy. Her task was to carry stores, refrigerated items, and equipment to ships in the fleet, and to remote stations and staging areas. Operational history The second ship to be named Rigel by the Navy, AF-58 was laid down under Maritime Administration contract 15 March 1954 by the Ingalls Shipbuilding Corp., Pascagoula, Mississippi; launched 15 March 1955; sponsored by Mrs. Austin K. Doyle; and commissioned 2 September 1955. U.S. Navy (1955-1975) The first of a new class of high-speed, large-capacity, fully refrigerated stores issue ships, Rigel completed shakedown out of Newport, Rhode Island, and her homeport of Norfolk, Virginia. In February 1956, she sailed south for the first time; underwent further training in Cuban and Puerto Rican waters; and into the fall provided logistic support along the mid-Atlantic seaboard and in the Caribbean. In late fall (14 November-9 December), she completed her first U.S. 6th Fleet deployment which included her initiation in her primary mission - replenishment at sea. During the winter of 1957, she spent 2 months in the Caribbean, then sailed east, in May, for 4 months in the Mediterranean. January 1958 brought a return to the Caribbean, followed in March by the initiation of a regular schedule of 6-week replenishment deployments to the Mediterranean with intervening periods spent in loading, upkeep, training, and shipyard overhauls. On her second and third deployments of that year, she directly supported units of the U.S. 6th Fleet sent to Lebanon at the request of that country's president. Rigel maintained her regular Mediterranean logistic deployment schedule through the 1960s. Interruptions came with the replenishment of units engaged in good will visits to West Africa (January 1961); exercises off Iceland and Canada (June 1962, June 1965); and crises in the Caribbean - the Cuban Missile Crisis in November 1962 and the Dominican Republic crisis in May 1965. Rigel was fitted out with an amidships helicopter platform in 1961, thus providing her with a vertical replenishment capability. Two years later, that platform was replaced with one on her fantail to simplify the pilots' problems when landing aboard or conducting replenishments. Rigel served until decommissioned on 23 June 1975. Military Sealift Command (1975-1992) Rigel was placed in service by the Military Sealift Command (MSC) as USNS Rigel (T-AF-58), 23 June 1975. She continued operating with the MSC, resupplying U.S. Navy ships until 1992. Decommissioning and fate (1992-2008) Rigel was struck from the Navy list on 16 May 1994, and was transferred to the Maritime Administration. She was laid up in the James River Reserve Fleet on 1 April 1998 off Fort Eustis, Virginia (USA). In 2008, she was finally sold to All Star Metals for $469,626 and scrapped in Brownsville, Texas (USA). Military awards and honors Rigel’s crew was eligible for the following medals: Navy Expeditionary Medal National Defense Service Medal Armed Forces Expeditionary Medal Southwest Asia Service Medal References External links Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships NavSource Online: Service Ship Photo Archive - AF-58 Rigel Rigel-class stores ships Ships built in Pascagoula, Mississippi 1955 ships

Rancho La Bolsa Chica was an Mexican land grant in present day coastal northwestern Orange County, California given in 1841 by Governor Juan Alvarado to Joaquín Ruiz. The name means "little pocket", and refers to pockets of land amongst the marsh wetlands of the Santa Ana River estuary. The rancho lands include the present day city of Huntington Beach, the community of Sunset Beach, and the significant Bolsa Chica Ecological Reserve. History At the request of Manuel Nieto heirs, governor José Figueroa in 1834, officially declared the Rancho Los Nietos grant under Mexican rule and ordered its partition into five smaller ranchos: Las Bolsas, Los Alamitos, Los Cerritos, Los Coyotes, and Santa Gertrudes. Maria Catarina Ruiz (widow of Jose Antonio Nieto, son of Manuel Nieto) received Las Bolsas. The two square league Rancho La Bolsa Chica was given to Joaquín Ruiz, the brother of Maria Catarina Ruiz, in 1841. With the cession of California to the United States following the Mexican-American War, the 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo provided that the land grants would be honored. As required by the Land Act of 1851, a claim for Rancho La Bolsa Chica was filed with the Public Land Commission in 1852, and was patented to Joaquín Ruiz in 1874. By 1860 Rancho La Bolsa Chica was acquired by Abel Stearns, the most significant land owner in Southern California at the time, and in 1868 it became part of the Robinson Trust. Landmarks Archeological items such as cog stones, from the Tongva settlements preceding the rancho at the estuary for 8,000 years, are at the Bowers Museum in Santa Ana. See also Ranchos of California List of Ranchos of California References Bolsa Chica, La La Bolsa Chica La Bolsa History of Huntington Beach, California Geography of Huntington Beach, California

Félix Sabal Lecco may refer to: Félix Sabal Lecco (politician) (1920–2010), teacher, politician and diplomat representing Cameroon Félix Sabal Lecco (musician), drummer, son of the politician

Jahanabad (, also Romanized as Jahānābād) is a village in Zahray-ye Pain Rural District, in the Central District of Buin Zahra County, Qazvin Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 844, in 209 families. References Populated places in Buin Zahra County

East Rockingham is a census-designated place (CDP) in Richmond County, North Carolina, United States. The population was 3,885 at the 2000 census. Geography According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , of which 3.4 square miles (8.9 km2) is land and (0.58%) is water. Demographics As of the census of 2000, there were 3,885 people, 1,562 households, and 1,071 families residing in the CDP. The population density was . There were 1,752 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the CDP was 82.03% White, 11.94% African American, 1.80% Native American, 0.64% Asian, 0.15% Pacific Islander, 2.01% from other races, and 1.42% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.12% of the population. There were 1,562 households, out of which 28.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.2% were married couples living together, 15.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.4% were non-families. 27.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.48 and the average family size was 2.96. In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 24.4% under the age of 18, 9.0% from 18 to 24, 28.4% from 25 to 44, 24.1% from 45 to 64, and 14.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.6 males. The median income for a household in the CDP was $22,263, and the median income for a family was $26,827. Males had a median income of $26,050 versus $18,608 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $12,132. About 24.2% of families and 26.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 35.0% of those under age 18 and 27.0% of those age 65 or over. References Census-designated places in Richmond County, North Carolina Census-designated places in North Carolina

Lələkəran (also, Lyalyageran and Lyalyakeran) is a village in the Lerik Rayon of Azerbaijan. The village forms part of the municipality of Qosmalyan. References Populated places in Lerik District

Liopinus punctatus is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Haldeman in 1847. References Acanthocinini Beetles described in 1847

Đorđe Milić (; born 27 October 1943) is Yugoslav professional football manager and former player. Career He played for FK Vojvodina and Red Star Belgrade before moving to the Nederlands to play in FC Utrecht and afterwards to Turkey to play for Adanaspor and Beşiktaş in the early 1970s. Later, he became manager for two seasons at Adanaspor. Between 1980 and 1983, he was in charge of Beşiktaş. International He played one match for the Yugoslavia national team in 1964, in a friendly against Romania. Honours Player Vojvodina Yugoslav First League: 1965–66 Beşiktaş Turkish Cup: 1975 Manager Beşiktaş Turkish First Football League: 1981–82 External links Dorde Milic manager profile at arsiv.mackolik.com 1943 births Living people Footballers from Belgrade Yugoslav men's footballers Serbian men's footballers Men's association football forwards FK Vojvodina players Red Star Belgrade footballers FC Utrecht players Adanaspor footballers Beşiktaş J.K. footballers Yugoslav First League players Eredivisie players Süper Lig players Yugoslavia men's international footballers Yugoslav expatriate men's footballers Yugoslav expatriate sportspeople in the Netherlands Yugoslav expatriate sportspeople in Turkey Expatriate men's footballers in the Netherlands Expatriate men's footballers in Turkey Yugoslav football managers Serbian football managers Beşiktaş J.K. managers Bursaspor managers Adanaspor managers Süper Lig managers Yugoslav expatriate football managers Expatriate football managers in Turkey

David Richard Riske ( ; born October 23, 1976) is a former Major League Baseball relief pitcher. Career Riske was drafted by the Cleveland Indians in the 56th round of the June amateur draft. In January , he was traded along with outfielder Coco Crisp, and catcher Josh Bard to the Boston Red Sox in exchange for reliever Guillermo Mota, third baseman Andy Marte, and catcher Kelly Shoppach. Riske was traded on June 15 of that year to the Chicago White Sox for minor league pitcher Javier López. Theo Epstein commented that Riske was traded because the Red Sox had too many right-handed relievers, and needed a left-hander like Lopez. He throws a low-90s fastball, but due to his deceptive delivery, it appears even faster. He also throws a slider and a split-fingered fastball. Having posted solid numbers the past two seasons, Riske continued to put up good numbers in the 2005 season. In 58 games and 72 innings, Riske had an ERA of 3.10 and a WHIP of 0.96. His strikeout total had noticeably declined over the past two seasons. In 2005 Riske experienced his first season in which he did not average more than one strikeout per inning pitched. He also is known for allowing home runs, allowing 11 in and 2005, and six in only 44 innings in 2006. Riske played a minor role with the Red Sox in 2006, mainly appearing in blow-out games before being traded. Leader in the bullpen Riske lead the Kansas City Royals bullpen to the best season they had had in years in . Besides being a leader on the field, he was also a leader off. He was credited with helping turn around Zack Greinke's career. On October 31, 2007, Riske declined his $2.9 million player option. Later, on December 5, he signed a three-year contract with the Milwaukee Brewers. Riske was released by the Brewers on August 23, 2010. On February 7, 2011, Riske signed a minor league deal with the Baltimore Orioles. He was released after spring training, and retired. References External links 1976 births Boston Red Sox players Chicago White Sox players Cleveland Indians players Kansas City Royals players Kinston Indians players Akron Aeros players Buffalo Bisons (minor league) players Pawtucket Red Sox players Living people Major League Baseball pitchers Green River Gators baseball players Milwaukee Brewers players Nashville Sounds players Brevard County Manatees players Sportspeople from Renton, Washington Baseball players from King County, Washington

Sabe is a territory located in present-day Benin, based in and around the town of Savé In the Yoruba language, the word Oba means king or ruler. It is also common for the obas of the various Yoruba domains to have their own special titles. In Sabe the Oba is referred to as the Onisabe of Sabe Records for Sabe are fragmentary and conflicting, containing a long succession of rulers styled Ola and Oba. It is suggested by one source that recent rulers alternate between descendants of either of two brothers. The list presented here represents the official record kept by the traditional authorities of Sabe. List of Rulers of the Yoruba state of Sabe Sources http://www.rulers.org/benitrad.html Montserrat Palau Martí. L'histoire de Ṣàbẹ́ et de ses rois : République du Bénin (Les Ṣàbẹ́-Ọpara) (French Edition) Paperback – January 1, 1992 See also Benin Yoruba states List of rulers of the Yoruba state of Dassa List of rulers of the Yoruba state of Icha List of rulers of the Yoruba state of Ketu List of rulers of the Yoruba state of Oyo Lists of office-holders Yoruba history Benin history-related lists Government of Benin Lists of rulers in Africa

Arkía El-Ammari (born ) was a Spanish female volleyball player, playing as an opposite. She was part of the Spain women's national volleyball team. She competed at the 2009 Women's European Volleyball Championship. On club level she played for Club Voleibol Tenerife in 2009. References External links http://blogs.larioja.com/voleibolenlarioja/tag/arkia-el-ammari/ http://www.talaveravoleibol.com/nos-visita-la-jugadora-profesional-arkia-el-ammari/ 1976 births Living people Spanish women's volleyball players Spanish sportspeople of Moroccan descent Place of birth missing (living people)

Nature worship also called naturism or physiolatry is any of a variety of religious, spiritual and devotional practices that focus on the worship of the nature spirits considered to be behind the natural phenomena visible throughout nature. A nature deity can be in charge of nature, a place, a biotope, the biosphere, the cosmos, or the universe. Nature worship is often considered the primitive source of modern religious beliefs and can be found in pantheism, panentheism, deism, polytheism, animism, Taoism, totemism, Hinduism, shamanism, some theism and paganism including Wicca. Common to most forms of nature worship is a spiritual focus on the individual's connection and influence on some aspects of the natural world and reverence towards it. Due to their admiration of nature, the works of Edmund Spenser, Anthony Ashley-Cooper and Carl Linnaeus were viewed as nature worship. Criticism of "Nature Worship" English historian, Ronald Hutton, has been critical of the antiquity of Nature Worship since at least 1998 until the present. He has argued that the gods of Ancient Mediterranean were not Nature Deities of any sort; rather, they were gods of "civilization and human activity," meanwhile the "Earth-Mother goddesses" are characterized by him as mere literary figures as opposed to deities, because he believes they lack any temples dedicated to them or a priesthood to serve them. He strongly juxtaposes this view by differentiating ancient pagans from Neopagans and Wiccans who profess to be nature worshippers as an essential component of their faith, which he believes is unlike any other in recorded history. Despite having been charged by New Zealand Wiccan, Ben Whitmore, with having disenfranchised those Neopagans "who feel kinship and connection" with the gods and pagans of the Ancient World, Prof. Hutton has reprised these views, virtually verbatim, in the second edition of his book, Triumph of the Moon. Forms and aspects of nature worship See also Goddess worship (disambiguation) References Spirituality

Batuhan Özgür (born 1 February 1998 in Alanya) is a Turkish cyclist, who currently rides for UCI Continental team Sofer Savini Due OMZ. Major results 2015 1st Road race, National Junior Road Championships 2017 4th Road race, National Road Championships 6th Belgrade Banjaluka II 2018 1st Stage 3 Tour of Black Sea 2nd Overall Tour of Mediterrennean 1st Points classification 4th Road race, National Road Championships 5th Overall Tour of Fatih Sultan Mehmet 1st Points classification 1st Stage 2 2019 1st Overall Tour of Mevlana 1st Stages 1 & 2 Les Challenges de la Marche Verte 2nd GP Sakia El Hamra 2nd GP Oued Eddahab 4th Overall Tour of Black Sea 1st Stage 1 4th Bursa Yıldırım Bayezıt Race 4th Odessa Grand Prix 6th Grand Prix Velo Alanya 9th Bursa Orhangazi Race 2020 8th GP Antalya 2021 2nd Road race, National Road Championships 7th Kahramanmaraş Grand Prix 2022 1st Sprints classification Tour of Turkey 10th Grand Prix Velo Manavgat References External links 1998 births Living people Turkish male cyclists People from Alanya Competitors at the 2018 Mediterranean Games Mediterranean Games competitors for Turkey 21st-century Turkish people

Ad Statuas may refer to: Ad Statuas (Thrace), in ancient Thrace, in present-day Turkey Mogente, in present-day Spain San Cesareo, in present-day Italy Vaspuszta, in present-day Hungary Várdomb, in present-day Hungary

The Phantom of the Opera is a 1962 British horror film directed by Terence Fisher, a loose adaptation of the 1910 novel Le Fantôme de l'Opéra by Gaston Leroux. The film was made by Hammer Film Productions but performed unsuccessfully at the box office. Plot In 1900, at the London Opera House, a new opera by Lord Ambrose D'Arcy opens. However, the theatre is not completely sold out. No one will sit in Box #5, which is believed to be haunted. When the body of a murdered stagehand swings out of the wings during the first aria of Maria, the show's star, pandemonium ensues. With the show postponed and Maria refusing to perform again, producer Harry Hunter auditions new singers. He finds a promising star in Christine Charles, one of the chorus girls. Enamored, Lord Ambrose invites Christine to dinner. In her dressing room, Christine is warned against him by a body less voice. That night, Lord Ambrose attempts to seduce Christine, but Harry saves her. On the ride back home, Christine tells Harry about the voice she heard. Intrigued, Harry takes Christine back to the opera house. In her dressing room, the voice tells Harry to leave. Meanwhile, the rat-catcher is murdered by a dwarf. Investigating the murder, Harry leaves Christine, who is then approached by a masked man, The Phantom of the Opera. He says she must come with him, but she screams, making him flee. The next day Lord Ambrose sends a dismissal to Christine for refusing to come back to his apartment. He chooses a more willing but less talented singer to take Christine's place. Visiting Christine at her boarding house, Harry finds an old draft of the opera he produced. It was written by Professor Petrie, a former boarder who was supposedly killed during a fire at the press that was to print his music. Petrie was splashed with Nitric Acid while trying to extinguish the blaze. According to a policeman, Petrie then ran away in agony and was drowned in the Thames. However, the body was never recovered. Harry is convinced that Lord Ambrose stole Petrie's music. Returning home, Christine is confronted by the dwarf and faints from fright. When she wakes, she is in the Phantom's lair deep in the cellars of the opera house. The Phantom tells Christine that he will teach her to sing and rehearses her with insistence until she collapses from exhaustion. Meanwhile, Harry, reinstated as the opera producer, is worried about Christine's disappearance and checks the river where Petrie had last been seen. He then hears the echo of Christine's voice emanating from a storm drain. He follows the voice through a water-filled sewer. The faint sound of the Phantom's organ-playing draws Harry down a tunnel where the dwarf attacks him with a knife. Harry subdues him and finds himself facing the Phantom, who is actually Petrie himself. Five years before, as a poor and starving composer, Petrie had been forced to sell all of his music, including the opera, to Lord Ambrose for a small fee with the thought that his being published would bring him recognition. After discovering that Lord Ambrose was publishing the music under his own name, Petrie became enraged and broke into the printers to destroy the plates. While burning the already printed music, Petrie unwittingly started a fire and accidentally splashed acid on his face and hands in an effort to put it out, thinking it was water. In agony, he jumped into the river and was swept by the current into an underground drain, where he was rescued and cared for by the dwarf. The Phantom is dying and wishes to see his opera performed by Christine. Harry and Christine agree to allow him time to complete her coaching. Weeks later, on the eve of a performance of "Saint Joan," the Phantom confronts Lord Ambrose. He rips off The Phantom's mask and runs out screaming into the night after seeing his deformed face. The Phantom then watches Christine sing from Box #5. Her performance brings him to tears. Listening enraptured, the dwarf is discovered in the catwalks by a stage-hand, and in the chase, he jumps onto a chandelier poised high over Christine. As the rope begins to break from the weight, the Phantom rips off his mask, leaps to the stage and pushes Christine safely from harm. The chandelier impales him before the eyes of the horror-stricken audience. Cast Herbert Lom as The Phantom/Professor Petrie Heather Sears as Christine Charles Edward de Souza as Harry Hunter Thorley Walters as Lattimer Michael Gough as Lord Ambrose D'Arcy Harold Goodwin as Bill Martin Miller as Rossi Liane Aukin as Maria Sonya Cordeau as Yvonne Marne Maitland as Xavier Miriam Karlin as Charwoman Patrick Troughton as Ratcatcher Renée Houston as Mrs Tucker Keith Pyott as Weaver John Harvey as Sergeant Vickers Michael Ripper as 1st Cabby Miles Malleson as 2nd Cabby Ian Wilson as The Dwarf Ivor Evans as opera singer (uncredited) - his voice was overdubbed Patricia Clark provided the dubbed-over soprano voice for Heather Sears. Production Based upon the interest generated by the Phantom of the Opera sequence in the Lon Chaney biopic Man of a Thousand Faces, and the success of the 1943 remake, Universal was interested in revisiting the story again. The first plans for remake were in-studio, with William Alland producing and Franklin Coen writing. Plans for this remake fell through, but upon the success of the distribution of Dracula for Hammer, Universal decided to let the British outfit tackle the project instead and announced the project in February, 1959. Two months later, Hammer Pictures struck a five-year deal with Columbia Pictures to produce five films a year. On these terms, Hammer's previous arrangements (such as The Mummy for Universal Studios and The Hound of the Baskervilles for United Artists) could be fulfilled, but thereafter could produce only two pictures a year for other studios. Phantom of the Opera was among those announced for Universal. Over the next two years, the project fell on and off the charts. In 1960, the project was connected with Kathryn Grayson, although she had not been in pictures for some years. According to author Wayne Kinsey's interpretation of a quote from producer Anthony Hinds, the romantic lead (Harry Hunter) was written for Cary Grant . Grant had expressed his interest in doing a Hammer horror film, at a time when it was common for American actors to be featured in British films. Actually, what Hinds said repeatedly in interviews was, "I wrote the script for Cary Grant," which makes it far more likely Grant was to play the title role, not a subordinate leading man. Production for the film started in November 1961. As with most of the Hammer productions, the film was shot at Bray Studios on a modest budget. Lom recalled in one interview how the producers at Hammer expected actors to throw themselves into their work: "For one of my scenes, the Hammer people wanted me to smash my head against a stone pillar, because they said they couldn't afford one made of rubber," Lom reveals. "I refused to beat my head against stone, of course. This caused a 'big crisis', because it took them half a day to make a rubber pillar that looked like stone. And of course, it cost a few pennies more. Horror indeed!" Many of the exterior sets utilised were on the studio's backlot and had already been used for many Hammer productions previously. Interiors of the "London Opera House" were filmed at the Wimbledon Theatre in London, which was rented for three weeks. Over 100 musicians and chorus people were hired for the shoot. The film had a reported budget initially of £200,000, but it was reported after principal shooting to be £400,000, both figures unusually high for a Hammer film. All of the flashback scenes showing how Professor Petrie became the Phantom were filmed with "Dutch angles," meaning the camera was noticeably tilted to give an unreal, off-kilter effect: a time-honored method in film of representing either a flashback or a dream. The Phantom of the Opera opened in New York City on 22 August 1962 at the RKO Palace Theater. In person was Sonya Cordeau, who played "Yvonne" in the picture. Cordeau later went on tour with the film for Universal. When the film had its American TV premiere on NBC, additional footage of Scotland Yard police inspectors (played by Liam Redmond and John Maddison) looking for the Phantom was filmed to increase the running time. This footage was shot at Universal Studios, and Hammer Productions had no input at all. Kiss of the Vampire and The Evil of Frankenstein also had American-shot footage added to their television showings. This was a common practice when it was thought that parts of the film were "too intense." These scenes were edited out, and more acceptable scenes replaced them to extend the running time. In common with Hammer's usual practice, when shown in British cinemas in 1962, the film was paired with Captain Clegg, another of the studio's films. Music The music in this movie features Johann Sebastian Bach's Toccata and Fugue in D minor, arguably the most famous piece of organ music ever composed, and one that has become commonly associated with horror films. The trailer uses stock music from Revenge of the Creature due to both of them being released by Universal. Critical reception The Monthly Film Bulletin wrote: "The absurd, much-filmed story crumbles—at any rate here—once the ingénue is reconciled to The Phantom as her mentor; but its Gothic elements are rich enough to defy time ... Surprisingly tasteful for a Hammer film, the production is also quite imaginative (The Phantom's rocky, water-lapped lair, complete with organ and double-bed) and careful." Howard Thompson of The New York Times called the film "a real disappointment ... In the hands of the British, with Herbert Lom as the opera ogre, the result is ornate and pretty dull. Whatever happened, chaps?" Variety wrote that the film "still provides a fair measure of goose pimples to combat some potential unwanted yocks. In the shadow of its predecessors the current 'Phantom' seems a reasonable booking for average houses, without doing anything to erase oldtimers' memories of the earlier versions." Harrison's Reports gave the film a grade of "Fair", writing, "The story of creative fakery, revenge and danger is not only loosely woven together, but its believability is weak. Its dénouement is thin and vaporish." The Hammer Story: The Authorised History of Hammer Films wrote of the film: "Although distinguished by some fine acting, sets and music, The Phantom of the Opera seems decidedly half-baked." The author(s) called Terence Fisher's direction "misguided", and noted that distributor J. Arthur Rank Film Distributors' "emasculation of the British print sealed its fate." The film also takes away much of the Phantom's dark, morbid side, making him a tragic hero. Home video release The film was first released to VHS by Universal's MCA Home Video in 1995. In North America, the film was released on 6 September 2005 along with seven other Hammer horror films on the 4-DVD set The Hammer Horror Series (ASIN: B0009X770O), which is part of MCA-Universal's Franchise Collection. This set was re-released on Blu-ray on 13 September 2016. In the UK, Final Cut Entertainment released the film on Blu-Ray in 2014. Powerhouse Films re-released the film on Blu-Ray in the UK in 2021, along with The Shadow of the Cat, Captain Clegg, and Nightmare as part of Hammer Volume Six: Night Shadows. References Sources External links 1962 horror films 1962 films Films about composers Films about opera Films based on horror novels Films based on The Phantom of the Opera Films directed by Terence Fisher Films set in London Films shot at Bray Studios Hammer Film Productions horror films Films set in the Victorian era Gothic horror films 1960s monster movies Universal Pictures films British monster movies 1960s English-language films 1960s British films

is a retired Japanese actor. He appeared in more than 150 films, including many yakuza films produced by Toei. When he was a child, he became Mas Oyama's pupil. He is currently an advisor to the International Karate Organization Kyokushin-kaikan. Filmography Film Kurenai no Tsubasa (1958) Kunoichi ninpō (1964) Abashiri Prison (1965) Zoku Soshiki Bōryoku (1967) Zatoichi and the Fugitives (1968) as Ogano Genpachiro Outlaw: Gangster VIP (1968) as Sugiyama Katsuhiko The Valiant Red Peony (1969) Bloodstained Clan Honor (1970) Soshiki Bōryoku Kyōdaisakazuki (1971) Street Mobster (1972) The Yakuza (1975) as Kato Jiro Wolf Guy: Burning Wolf Man (1975) The Resurrection of the Golden Wolf (1979) The Go Masters (1983) Saigo no Bakuto (1985) Television Edo no KazePart2 (1976) (ep. 11, guest) Edo no Uzu (1978) (ep. 9, guest) Daitsuiseki (1978) (ep. 14, guest) Seibu Keisatsu (1979) (ep. 5 & 12, guest) Shishi no Jidai (1981) (Taiga drama) as Detective Ueda Sanada Taiheiki (1985–86) as Ban Naganobu References External links 1936 births Japanese male film actors Japanese male television actors 20th-century Japanese male actors Japanese male stage actors Japanese male child actors Living people Actors from Chiba Prefecture People from Chiba (city)

Colonel William Murray Threipland, (1866 – 24 June 1942) was a British Army officer. He was appointed the founding colonel commanding of the Welsh Guards in February 1915, and was the regiment's Colonel from March 1937. He was born William Scott Kerr, but adopted the surname of Murray Threipland on 30 April 1882, following his inheritance of the estates of his cousin, Sir Patrick Murray Threipland, 5th Baronet. These included Fingask Castle in Perthshire, and Dale House in Caithness. He was commissioned into the Grenadier Guards as a second lieutenant on 28 May 1887, promoted to lieutenant on 5 May 1892, and took part in the Sudan Campaign in 1898, following which he was promoted to captain on 23 October 1898. He served in South Africa during the Second Boer War 1900–1902; he was part of a detachment sent to South Africa in March 1900 to reinforce the 3rd battalion. After the end of the war, he retired from the Grenadier Guards in July 1902. On 28 August 1909, Murray Threipland was appointed a deputy lieutenant of Caithness. On 26 February 1915, Murray Threipland, having been interviewed by Lord Kitchener and King George V, was appointed to command a new Guards Regiment. The first battalion of the Welsh Guards was officially formed the following day, with Murray Threipland in command. He was given the rank of lieutenant colonel. Murray Threipland commanded the Welsh Guards at the battle of Loos the same year. He was awarded the Distinguished Service Order (DSO) on 3 June 1916. He was appointed colonel on 12 March 1937. Murray Threipland was deputy lieutenant of Roxburgh. He married in 1899 Charlotte Eleanor, co-heiress of William Wyndham Lewis. Murray Threipland died on 24 June 1942. References Footnotes Bibliography 1866 births 1942 deaths Welsh Guards officers British Army personnel of World War I Deputy Lieutenants of Caithness Companions of the Distinguished Service Order Grenadier Guards officers Scottish justices of the peace

The Parnall Puffin was an experimental amphibious fighter-reconnaissance biplane produced in the United Kingdom just after World War I. It had several unusual features, principally a single central float and an inverted vertical stabilizer and rudder, and showed promise, but at that time no new aircraft were being ordered in numbers for the RAF and only the three Puffins of the initial order were built. Design and development The Parnall Puffin was a two-seat fighter-reconnaissance aircraft built just after World War I. Like the Fairey Pintail, it was designed to meet RAF Specification XXI, issued in May 1919 for an experimental amphibious aircraft that could operate from land, carrier decks or the sea. In many regards, the Puffin was a conventional single-engined biplane of its day, but it had two unusual features: a single, central float (the first British aircraft with this seaplane configuration) and a vertical stabilizer and rudder mounted below the fuselage. The under-mounted vertical stabilizer and rudder, intended to maximise the gunner's field of fire, was also used on the Pintail, and earlier by the Hansa-Brandenburg seaplanes. In the days of tailskid undercarriages for landplanes, such a layout could only be used by seaplanes with floats long enough to sit on the water almost in flying position with the tail well clear of the surface. The Puffin was a two-bay biplane, its parallel chord, equal span wings having stagger but no sweep; they could be folded for storage. Both upper and lower wings had ailerons. The interplane gap (the distance between the upper and lower wings) was large and the fuselage was mounted high in it, with its top just below the upper wing and its bottom well above the lower one. The fuselage was built up on the standard four longerons, making it flat sided and bottomed, but the top surface had the usual rounded decking. Aft, the lower longerons curved upwards, decreasing the fuselage depth. The tailplane was fixed to the upper longerons and carried a single elevator surface, mounted on off-set hinges to provide aerodynamic balance. The long chord vertical stabilizer and its unbalanced rudder, with a rounded trailing edge would have looked completely at home on top of the fuselage; fitted underneath, its appearance was perhaps more startling than the arrangement on the Pintail, where the rudder was low topped but fuselage mounted, and the vertical stabilizer very cropped. The pilot sat in an open cockpit beneath the upper wing's trailing edge, where a cut-out improved visibility. It was generally agreed the all-round view was good. Control surfaces operated via a two-speed gear system to optimise them for fast and slow flying. The pilot had control of a fixed forward firing Vickers machine gun. The gunner behind him, whose need for an excellent field of fire had determined the tail arrangement, had the standard Scarff ring mounted Lewis gun of the time. The Puffin was powered by a 450 hp (336 kW) geared down Napier Lion II engine, a 12-cylinder unit with three banks of four cylinders in W or broad arrow arrangement. The radiator for the water-cooled engine was immediately in front of the engine and benefited from airflow from the two-bladed propeller. The electric starter used an internal battery. The single central float was wide and stretched aft to below the leading edge of the fin. It joined to the fuselage around the wing roots with two pairs of struts. The wheels were linked by an axle that rode in a vertical slot in the float at its deepest point, and a hand driven screw enabled them to be raised or lowered. The aft-most part of the float was hinged so it could lift up and down and provided with a tailskid and a vertical shock absorber to the fuselage. At the extreme rear was a water rudder. Two deep and wide chord floats were fitted below the outer interplane struts to provide lateral stability on the water. Operational history Three Puffins were built, the first made its maiden flight from the Marine and Armament Experimental Establishment at the Isle of Grain in the hands of Norman Macmillan on 19 November 1920. Flight tests revealed one problem that was never satisfactorily solved: the Puffin was tail heavy and increasing tail incidence seems not to have helped. Other problems came from the float. The first prototype had a float that was short at the front, which in rough water produced so much spray that it destroyed the propeller and damaged the radiator. It was therefore lengthened, with an upward curving section, and reinforced with an extra pair of struts to the engine mounting. This reduced the problem but did not cure it, so another float, with a re-profiled cross-section was introduced which behaved much better. The third prototype used a float incorporating these features but with a flat top, which further improved water handling. The wheeled undercarriage behaved well, and allowed true amphibious use, in contrast to the troublesome Pintail arrangement. Despite its promise, the Puffin was produced at a time when there was no hope of orders for any aircraft for the RAF. Indeed, the RAF itself was under threat and that situation did not change until about 1923. The three Puffins were used for experimental work at the Isle of Grain. Specifications References Notes Bibliography External links Flight December 1921 side photo "The Parnall Puffin Deck Landing Amphibian" FLIGHT November 1921, more detailed photos 1920s British fighter aircraft Puffin Carrier-based aircraft Single-engined tractor aircraft Biplanes Aircraft first flown in 1920

Allen Grove or Allen's Grove may refer to: Allen Grove (Alabama), a plantation in the US Allen Grove, Tennessee, an unincorporated community Allen's Grove, Wisconsin, an unincorporated community Allen Grove, Gauteng, a populated place in South Africa Allens Grove Township, Mason County, Illinois Allens Grove Township, Scott County, Iowa

Alexander Emerick Jones (born February 11, 1974) is an American far-right, alt-right radio show host and prominent conspiracy theorist. He hosts The Alex Jones Show from Austin, Texas, which the Genesis Communications Network broadcasts across the United States via syndicated and internet radio. Jones's website, InfoWars, promotes conspiracy theories and fake news, as do his other websites, NewsWars and PrisonPlanet. Jones has provided a platform and support for white nationalists, giving Unite the Right rally attendee and white supremacist Nick Fuentes a platform on his website, Banned.Video, as well as giving an "entry point" to their ideology. In 2023, leaked texts from Jones's phone revealed that he created the website National File. The conspiracy theories that Jones has promoted allege that the United States government either concealed information about or outright falsified the 2012 Sandy Hook Elementary School mass shooting, the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing, the September 11 attacks, and the 1969 Moon landing. He has also claimed that several governments and large businesses have colluded to create a "New World Order" through "manufactured economic crises, sophisticated surveillance tech and—above all—inside-job terror attacks that fuel exploitable hysteria." A longtime critic of Republican and Democratic foreign and security policy, Jones supported Donald Trump's 2016 presidential bid and continued to support him as a savior from an alleged criminal bipartisan cabal controlling the federal government, despite falling out over several of Trump's policies including airstrikes against the Assad regime. A staunch supporter of Trump's re-election, Jones also supported the false claims of electoral fraud in the 2020 presidential election. On January 6, 2021, Jones was a speaker at the rally in Lafayette Square Park supporting Trump preceding the latter's supporters' attack on the US Capitol. In 2022, for Jones's defamatory falsehoods about the Sandy Hook shooting, juries in Connecticut and Texas awarded a total of $1.487 billion in damages from Jones to a first responder and families of victims; the plaintiffs alleged that Jones's lies led to them being threatened and harassed for years. One of the judges issued an order that he was "not to transfer, encumber, dispose or move his assets out of the United States until further order of the court." On December 2, 2022, Jones filed for personal bankruptcy. Early life and influences Jones was born on February 11, 1974, in Dallas, Texas, and was raised in the suburb of Rockwall. His father was a dentist from Austin and his mother was a homemaker. He claims Irish, German, Welsh, English, and Comanche descent. The family moved to Austin in Jones's sophomore year of high school. He attended Anderson High School, where he played football and graduated in 1993. After graduating, Jones briefly attended Austin Community College before dropping out. As a teenager, he read None Dare Call It Conspiracy, a book by John Birch Society conspiracy theorist Gary Allen, which alleged global bankers controlled American politics rather than elected officials. It had a profound influence on him, and Jones has described Allen's work as "the easiest-to-read primer on The New World Order". Waco siege and Oklahoma bombing The Waco siege at the Branch Davidian complex near Waco, Texas, had an impact on Jones. It ended in April 1993, near the end of Jones's senior year of high school, with a substantial fire and a significant number of fatalities. According to the Southern Poverty Law Center (SPLC), these events "only confirmed his belief in the inexorable progress of unseen, malevolent forces". It was at this time he started to host a call-in show on public access television (PACT/ACTV) in Austin. The Oklahoma City bombing on April 19, 1995, was intended by perpetrator Timothy McVeigh as a response to the federal involvement in the botched resolution of the Waco siege on its second anniversary. Jones began accusing the federal government of having caused it: "I understood there's a kleptocracy working with psychopathic governments—clutches of evil that know the tricks of control". He did not believe the bombing had been the responsibility of McVeigh and his associate Terry Nichols. In 1998, he released his first film, America Destroyed by Design. In 1998, Jones organized a successful campaign to build a new Branch Davidian church as a memorial to those who died during the 1993 fire. He often discussed the project on his public-access television program. He claimed that David Koresh and his followers were peaceful people who were murdered by Attorney General Janet Reno and the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms during the siege. Early broadcasting career Jones began his career in Austin working on a live, call-in format public-access cable television program. In 1996, Jones switched to radio, hosting a show named The Final Edition on KJFK (98.9 FM). Influenced by radio host William Cooper, who phoned in to Jones's early shows, Jones began to broadcast about the New World Order conspiracy theory at this time. While running for Congress, Ron Paul was a guest on his show several times. In 1999, Jones tied with Shannon Burke for that year's poll of "Best Austin Talk Radio Host", as voted by readers of The Austin Chronicle. Later that year, he was fired from KJFK-FM for refusing to broaden his topics. The station's operations manager said that Jones's views made it difficult for the station to sell advertising. Jones said: InfoWars Jones is the publisher and director of the InfoWars fake news website responsible for promoting conspiracy theories. InfoWars was originally founded by Alex and Kelly Jones (his then-wife) in about 1999, initially as a mail-order outlet for the sale of their conspiracy-oriented videos. In November 2016, the InfoWars website received approximately 10 million visits, making its reach more extensive than mainstream news websites such as The Economist and Newsweek. Another of Jones's websites is PrisonPlanet.com. The Alex Jones Show After his firing from KJFK-FM, Jones began to broadcast his own show by Internet connection from his home. In July 2000, a group of Austin Community Access Center (ACAC) radio hosts claimed that Jones had used legal proceedings and ACAC policy to intimidate them or try to get their broadcasts removed. In 2001, Jones's radio show was syndicated on approximately 100 stations. On the day of the 9/11 attacks, Jones said on his radio show there was a "98 percent chance this was a government-orchestrated controlled bombing." He began promoting the conspiracy theory that the Bush administration was behind the attack. As a result, several stations dropped Jones's program, according to columnist Will Bunch. Jones became a leading figure of the "9/11 truther" cause. In 2010, the show attracted around two million listeners each week. According to Alexander Zaitchik of Rolling Stone magazine, in 2011 Jones had a larger on-line audience than Glenn Beck and Rush Limbaugh combined. In 2020, The Alex Jones Show was syndicated nationally by the Genesis Communications Network to more than 100 AM and FM radio stations in the United States. According to journalist Will Bunch, a senior fellow at Media Matters for America, the show has a demographic that leans more towards younger listeners than do other conservative pundits, due to Jones's "highly conspiratorial tone and Web-oriented approach". Bunch also stated that Jones "feed[s] on the deepest paranoia". Jones told The Washington Post in November 2016 that his radio show, then syndicated to 129 stations, had a daily audience of five million listeners and his video streams had topped 80 million viewers in a single month. Website, own-brand and endorsed products According to court testimony Jones delivered in 2014, InfoWars then had revenues of over $20 million a year. A 2017 piece for German magazine Der Spiegel by Veit Medick indicated that two-thirds of Jones's funds derive from sales of his own products. These products are marketed through the InfoWars website and through advertising spots on Jones's show. They include dietary supplements, toothpaste, bulletproof vests and "brain pills," which hold "an appeal for anyone who believes Armageddon is near", according to Medick. From September 2015 to the end of 2018, the InfoWars store made $165 million in sales, according to court filings relating to the Sandy Hook lawsuits filed against Jones. In August 2017, Californian medical company Labdoor, Inc reported on tests applied to six of Jones's dietary supplement products. These included a product named Survival Shield, which was found by Labdoor to contain only iodine, and a product named Oxy-Powder, which comprised a compound of magnesium oxide and citric acid—common ingredients in dietary supplements. Labdoor indicated no evidence of prohibited or harmful substances, but cast doubt on the marketing claims for these products, and asserted that the quantity of the ingredients in certain products would be "too low to be appropriately effective". On a 2017 segment of Last Week Tonight, host John Oliver stated that Jones spends "nearly a quarter" of his on-air time promoting products sold on his website, many of which are purported solutions to medical and economic problems claimed to be caused by the conspiracy theories described on his show. Research commissioned in 2017 by the Center for Environmental Health (CEH) determined that two products sold by Jones contained potentially dangerous levels of the heavy metal lead. Jones continued his promotion of supplements during the COVID-19 pandemic. On March 12, 2020, Jones was issued a cease and desist from the Attorney General of New York, after he claimed, in the absence of any evidence, that products he sold, including colloidal silver toothpaste, were an effective treatment for COVID-19. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) also sent him a letter on April 9, 2020, warning that the federal government might proceed to seize the products he was marketing for COVID-19 or fine him if he continued to sell them. A disclaimer then appeared on Jones's website, stating his products were not intended for treating "the novel coronavirus". On a linked page, Jones was quoted: "They plan on, if they've fluoridated you and vaccinated you and stunned you and mesmerized you with the TV and put you in a trance, on killing you." Jones continued to sell the products. According to leaked text messages from Jones's mobile phone, InfoWars sold VasoBeet, a product it described as a "powerful beet formula", at a 900% retail markup as of September 2019. On January 29, 2020, InfoWars pulled in $245,000 in food sales, a day after Jones stoked fear about food shortages caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in a broadcast. During the April 2022 InfoWars bankruptcy hearing, Jones's representative stated "InfoWars is a prominent trademark in the conspiracy theory community and Alex Jones is equally as prominent". He added that Jones's name was the "Coca-Cola of the conspiracy theory community". In 2023, Jones launched a new subscription-based podcast, Alex Jones Live. It was put on hold shortly after it began due to matters relating to his Sandy Hook case. Social media restrictions and bans In February 2018, YouTube issued a "strike" against the InfoWars channel after a video was posted in which Alex Jones accused David Hogg, a survivor of the Parkland school shooting, of being a paid "crisis actor." YouTube removed the video for violating its policies against harassment and bullying. On July 24, 2018, YouTube removed four InfoWars videos citing "child endangerment and hate speech", issued another "strike" against the channel, and suspended the ability to live stream. On July 27, 2018, Facebook suspended Jones's profile for 30 days, and removed the same videos, saying they violated the website's standards against hate speech and bullying. On August 3, 2018, Stitcher Radio removed all of his podcasts, citing harassment. Later that year, on August 6, 2018, Facebook, Apple, YouTube and Spotify removed all content by Jones and InfoWars for policy violations. YouTube removed channels associated with InfoWars, including The Alex Jones Channel, stating that InfoWars had repeatedly attempted to post content similar to that which had already been removed, as well as attempting to circumvent the suspension of its live streaming privileges by having other users live stream on its behalf. On Facebook, four pages associated with InfoWars and Alex Jones were removed over repeated policy violations. Apple removed all podcasts associated with Jones from iTunes. Facebook cited instances of dehumanizing immigrants, Muslims and transgender people, as well as glorification of violence, as examples of hate speech. After InfoWars was banned from Facebook, Jones used another of his websites, NewsWars, to circumvent the ban. On August 13, 2018, Vimeo removed all of Jones's videos because of "prohibitions on discriminatory and hateful content". Jones's accounts were also removed from Pinterest, Mailchimp and LinkedIn. , Jones retained active accounts on Instagram, Google+ and Twitter. Jones tweeted a Periscope video calling on others to get their "battle rifles" ready against antifa, the mainstream media, and Chicom operatives. In the video, he says: "Now is time to act on the enemy before they do a false flag." Twitter cited this as the reason to suspend his account for a week in August 2018. In September, Jones was permanently banned from Twitter and Periscope after berating CNN reporter Oliver Darcy. On September 7, 2018, the InfoWars app was removed from the Apple App Store for "objectionable content". He was banned from using PayPal for business transactions, having violated the company's policies by expressing "hate or discriminatory intolerance against certain communities and religions." After Elon Musk's purchase of Twitter, several previously banned accounts were reinstated including Donald Trump, Andrew Tate and Ye, resulting in some questioning as to whether Alex Jones would be unbanned as well. However Musk denied that Alex Jones will be unbanned criticizing Jones as a person that "would use the deaths of children for gain, politics or fame". InfoWars remained available on Roku devices, in January 2019, a year after the channel's removal from multiple streaming services. Roku indicated that they do not "curate or censor based on viewpoint", and that it had policies against content that is "unlawful, incited illegal activities, or violates third-party rights", but that InfoWars was not in violation of these policies. Following a social media backlash, Roku removed InfoWars and stated "After the InfoWars channel became available, we heard from concerned parties and have determined that the channel should be removed from our platform." In March 2019, YouTube terminated the Resistance News channel due to its reuploading of live streams from InfoWars. On May 1, 2019, Jones was barred from using both Facebook and Instagram. Jones briefly moved to Dlive, but was suspended in April 2019 for violating community guidelines. In March 2020, the InfoWars app was removed from the Google Play store due to Jones disseminating COVID-19 misinformation. A Google spokesperson stated that "combating misinformation on the Play Store is a top priority for the team" and apps that violate Play policy by "distributing misleading or harmful information" are removed from the store. Comedian Joe Rogan attracted controversy for hosting Jones on his podcast, The Joe Rogan Experience, in October 2020. The episode was made available on YouTube and Spotify in spite of Jones's ban from both platforms. Though Rogan occasionally fact-checked Jones throughout the course of the interview, he nonetheless faced backlash from critics for giving Jones a platform to spread misinformation and validate his views. A YouTube spokesman responded that YouTube reviewed the episode and determined it did not violate the site's guidelines, noting that YouTube bans channels rather than individuals. In March 2023, the Southern Poverty Law Center reported on Jones' leaked texts from his Sandy Hook defamation trial. The texts revealed that Jones and his collaborators had been trying to evade social media bans of InfoWars content by setting up alternate websites such as National File to disguise its origin. In May 2023, Jones guest hosted Steven Crowder's podcast Louder with Crowder. Crowder's channel was subsequently suspended by YouTube for facilitating ban evasion by Jones. Views and incidents Jones has described himself as a conservative, paleoconservative, and libertarian, terms he uses interchangeably. Others describe him as conservative, right-wing, alt-right, and far-right. Asked about such labels, Jones said he is "proud to be listed as a thought criminal against Big Brother". Early political activities In 1998, he was removed from a George W. Bush rally at Bayport Industrial District, Texas. Jones interrupted Governor Bush's speech, demanding that the Federal Reserve and Council on Foreign Relations be abolished. Journalist David Weigel, reporting on the incident, said Jones "seemed to launch into public events as if flung from another universe." In early 2000, Jones was one of seven Republican candidates for state representative in Texas House District 48, an open swing district based in Austin, Texas. Jones said that he was running "to be a watchdog on the inside" but withdrew from the race after a couple of weeks. On July 15, 2000, Jones infiltrated the Bohemian Grove Cremation of Care, a Jones-alleged planning event of the New World Order involving child sacrifice, which he called "a ritualistic shedding of conscience and empathy" and an "abuse of power". On June 8, 2006, while on his way to cover a meeting of the Bilderberg Group in Ottawa, Jones was stopped and detained at the Ottawa airport by Canadian authorities. They confiscated his passport, camera equipment, and most of his belongings. He was later allowed to enter Canada legally. Jones said about his immigration hold: "I want to say, on the record, it takes two to tango. I could have handled it better." On September 8, 2007, Jones was arrested while protesting at 6th Avenue and 48th Street in New York City, when his group crashed a live television show featuring Geraldo Rivera. He was charged with operating a megaphone without a permit, and two other persons were also cited for disorderly conduct. Gun rights Jones is a vocal gun rights advocate. MTV labeled him a "staunch Second Amendment supporter", while The Daily Telegraph in London called him a "gun-nut". In January 2013, Jones was invited to speak on Piers Morgan's CNN show after promoting an online petition to deport Morgan because of his support of gun control. In the ensuing debate with Morgan, Jones stated that "1776 will commence again if you try to take our firearms". Jones was referring to the American Revolutionary War in relation to theoretical gun control measures taken by the government. Jones said he owned around 50 firearms. Morgan said on CNN's Newsroom the following evening he couldn't conceive of a "better advertisement for gun control than Alex Jones' interview last night". On his own show, according to The Atlantic, Glenn Beck said Morgan "is trying to make everybody who has guns and who believes in the Second Amendment to be a deterrent to an out of control government look like a madman. So now he immediately books the madman and makes him look like a conservative." In a New York magazine interview in November 2013, Jones said mass shootings in the United States "were very, very suspicious, but at minimum, the tragic events were used to try to create guilt on the part of the average gun owner. So via the guilt trip, they would accept their individual liberties curtailed." During an episode of his show InfoWars on May 24, 2022, Jones said concerning the Robb Elementary School shooting: "I would predict a lot of mass shootings right before elections and like clockwork, it is happening. To me, it is just very opportunistic what is happening." Other opinions Jones is a proponent of the New World Order conspiracy theory. In 2009, Jones claimed that a convicted con man's scheme to take over a long-vacant, would-be for-profit prison in Hardin, Montana, was part of a Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) plot to detain US citizens in concentration camps, relating to said conspiracy theory. On June 9, 2013, Jones appeared as a guest on the BBC's Sunday Politics, discussing conspiracy theories about the Bilderberg Group, with presenter Andrew Neil and journalist David Aaronovitch. Aaronovitch implied that, since Jones had not been killed for exposing conspiracies, they either do not exist or that Jones is a part of them himself. Jones began shouting and interrupting, and Neil ended the interview, describing Jones as "an idiot" and "the worst person I've ever interviewed". According to Neil on Twitter, Jones was still shouting until he knew that he was off-air. Jones was in a "media crossfire" in 2011, which included criticism by Rush Limbaugh, when the news spread that Jared Lee Loughner, the perpetrator of the 2011 Tucson shooting, had been "a fan" of the 9/11 conspiracy film Loose Change of which Jones had been an executive producer. Media Matters covered his claim that NFL players protesting during the national anthem were "kneeling to white genocide" and violence against whites, which the SPLC featured in their headlines review. His reporting and public views on the topic have received support and coverage from white nationalist publications and groups, such as the AltRight Corporation and the New Zealand National Front. The Jones film Endgame: Blueprint for Global Enslavement features the Georgia Guidestones, a 19-foot-high megalithic granite monument installed in Elberton in 1982, an attraction that drew 20,000 annual visitors. On July 7, 2022, the day they were dynamited by unknown saboteurs, his guest U.S. Representative Marjorie Taylor Greene said ecumenical texts inscribed on it represented a nefarious future of "population control" as envisioned by the "hard left". She added, "There is a war of good and evil going on, and people are done with globalism." Jones admitted to enjoying the destruction, "at an animal level", though he added he would also would have liked them to remain as an "evil edifice" exposing supposed depopulation plans. Jones has repeatedly made hateful comments towards the LGBT community. In 2010, he claimed: "The reason there's so many gay people now is because it's a chemical warfare operation, and I have the government documents where they said they're going to encourage homosexuality with chemicals so that people don't have children." In a 2013 interview on YouTube concerning same-sex marriage, he ultimately blamed the "globalists" who "want to encourage the breakdown of the family, because the family is where people owe their allegiance" as a means "to get rid of God" by "taking the rights of an ancient, unified program of marriage and... are breaking it". He has claimed that the government is putting chemicals in water supplies to make people gay. In 2018, Jones threatened to come after drag performers with torches "like the villagers in the night". Leaked texts reported on by the SPLC in 2023 indicated that Jones privately held different views about sexuality than what he promoted on InfoWars, with Jones and his second wife expressing positive views on bisexuality in their messages. Jones believes that global warming is a hoax made up by the World Bank to control the world economy through a carbon tax. Salon paraphrased Jones as having claimed President Obama had "access to weather weapons capable of not only creating tornadoes but also moving them around, on demand". His belief in weather warfare has been reported by mainstream media. He has claimed that Hurricane Irma may have been geo-engineered. Jones is a proponent of the conspiracy theory that Michelle Obama is transgender, with much of his apparent proof being pictures of Obama where it appears she has a bulge in her pants, and a video clip where Barack Obama refers to somebody as "Michael". Jones has claimed that the election of Joe Biden is part of a plot by the deep state and the globalists to bring about "the takedown of America". In April 2017, Jones was criticized for claiming that the Khan Shaykhun chemical attack was a hoax and false flag. Jones stated that the attack was potentially carried out by civil defense group White Helmets, which he claimed are an Al-Qaeda-affiliated terrorist front financed by George Soros. While Jones initially supported QAnon, Right Wing Watch reported that he had ceased to support QAnon by May 2018, declaring the source "completely compromised". In 2021, after the Capitol attack, Jones denounced believers of the QAnon conspiracy theory on InfoWars. Jones is known for both his opposition to vaccines, and his views on vaccine controversies. On June 16, 2017, Vox covered his claim that the introduction of the Sesame Street character Julia, an autistic Muppet, was "designed to normalize autism, a disorder caused by vaccines". On November 20, 2017, The New Yorker quoted Jones as claiming InfoWars was "defending people's right to not be forcibly infected with vaccines". Critics argue that he endangers children "by convincing their parents that vaccines are dangerous". Jones has specifically disputed the safety and effectiveness of MMR vaccines. In April 2022, Jones denied Russian war crimes by accusing the Ukrainians of staging the Bucha massacre. Book project On January 23, 2018, Jones announced he would be working with author Neil Strauss on his upcoming book, titled The Secret History of the Modern World & the War for the Future. Connections to Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign On December 2, 2015, Donald Trump, then a presidential candidate, appeared on The Alex Jones Show, with Trump stating to Jones at the end: "your reputation is amazing. I will not let you down. You'll be very, very impressed, I hope." During the broadcast, Jones compared Trump to George Washington and said 90% of his listeners supported his candidacy. Jones and Trump both said the appearance was arranged by Roger Stone, who made multiple appearances on Jones' program during the 2016 presidential campaign. Ron and Rand Paul were the only other significant politicians to appear on Jones' show in the preceding few years. Jones indicated his support for Trump during the presidential campaign. During his 2016 presidential campaign, via his Twitter account, Trump linked to InfoWars articles as sources for his claim "thousands and thousands" of Muslims celebrated 9/11 and the false assertion California was not suffering from a drought. A few days before one of Trump's August 2016 rallies, InfoWars published a video claiming Democratic candidate Hillary Clinton had mental health issues, which Trump recycled in his campaign speech at the rally, according to Mother Jones. Trump's claim the 2016 vote would be rigged, The Independent reported, followed a Jones video making the same claim two days earlier. In one of her own speeches and video ads, Clinton criticized Trump for his ties to Jones. Jones ran a campaign attacking former president Bill Clinton as a rapist. He designed a T-shirt, ran another "get on MSM" competition and gate-crashed The Young Turks set at the RNC, while displaying the T-shirt, resulting in a physical altercation with Cenk Uygur. Jones said Hillary Clinton and Barack Obama were demons because they both smelt of sulfur, a claim supposedly based on assertions from people in contact with them. In late 2015, InfoWars began selling T-shirts with the slogan "Hillary for Prison". According to Jones, Trump called him on the day after the election to thank him for his help in the campaign. Trump as president In April 2018, Jones publicly criticized President Trump during a livestream, after Trump announced a military strike against Syria. During the stream, Jones also stated that Trump had not called him during the prior six months. A leaked interview of Jones in January 2019 expressing displeasure over his relationship with Trump was released by the Southern Poverty Law Center in March 2021, with Jones stating "I wish I never would have fucking met Trump... I'm so sick of fucking Donald Trump, man. God, I'm fucking sick of him." Jones supported Trump during his re-election campaign in 2020 and called on demonstrations to be held on the premise the election had been "rigged" against Trump. After Trump recommended at an August 2021 rally that people choose to be vaccinated against COVID-19, Jones said that Trump was either lying or "not that bright" and "a dumbass". Numerous current and former Trump advisers have appeared on Jones's show, including Counselor to the President Steve Bannon, Senior Advisor to the President Stephen Miller, National Security Advisor Michael Flynn, and senior Trump campaign advisers Jason Miller and Roger Stone. Events related to the January 6 Capitol attack Jones partially funded and raised other funds to finance the January 6 Trump rally in Washington, D.C., that preceded the 2021 United States Capitol attack. The New York Times reported he assisted in raising at least $650,000 from Julie Fancelli, a Publix grocery chain heiress who is a follower of InfoWars, to finance Trump's rally on the Ellipse, including $200,000 of the total amount deposited in one of Jones' bank accounts. Jones attended the January 5 and 6 rallies at the capitol. On January 5, he was a scheduled speaker at the March to Save America and said, "We have only begun to resist the globalists. We have only begun our fight against their tyranny. They have tried to steal this election in front of everyone." Jones also stated that "I don't know how this is all going to end, but if they want to fight, they better believe they've got one," according to the same video. Jones called Joe Biden a "slave of Satan" and said, "Whatever happens to President Trump in 15 days, he is still the elected president of this republic. And we do not recognize the Communist Chinese agent Joe Biden, or his controllers." The next day, Wednesday, January 6, at a gathering in Lafayette Park north of the Capitol, he addressed the crowd with a bullhorn, and stated that he had seen "over a hundred" members of antifa in the crowd, a baseless assertion other Trump supporters had also made, although the FBI said there was no evidence of antifa involvement. The same day, a video of Jones was posted on InfoWars, in which he is recorded saying "We declare 1776 against the new world order... We need to understand we're under attack, and we need to understand this is 21st-century warfare and get on a war-footing". In the same video, before setting off toward the Capitol building, Jones told the crowd: "We're here to take our rightful country back peacefully, because we're not globalist, antifa criminals. So let's start marching, and I salute you all." When rioters attacked the Capitol, Jones called on them to stop. "Let's not fight the police and give the system what they want," he said. In February 2021, The Washington Post reported that the FBI was investigating any role Jones might have played in influencing the participation of Proud Boys and Oath Keepers in the incursion. Jones had previously hosted leaders of the two groups on his programs. Some members of the groups had been indicted for conspiracy in the incident. On November 22, 2021, the House Select Committee on the January 6 Attack subpoenaed Jones for testimony and documents by December 18 and 6, respectively. He had a virtual meeting with the committee by video link on January 24, 2022. By the estimate of his legal team, Jones said, he pleaded the Fifth Amendment 100 times and had been instructed to do so by his counsel. On August 5, 2022, during a defamation trial in Texas brought by Sandy Hook school shooting parents against Jones, a lawyer for the plaintiffs revealed that Jones' lawyer had inadvertently sent him two years of texts from Jones' phone. On August 8, the House select committee investigating the January 6 attack received those text messages; they had requested the information since Jones had helped organize a rally before the Capitol attack. Jones's lawyer, Norm Pattis, had also released confidential discovery items including Sandy Hook plaintiffs' medical records, and consequently, in January 2023, a judge suspended his law license. At the time of his license suspension, Pattis was part of the legal team defending Proud Boys leader Joseph Biggs against charges of seditious conspiracy. On September 12, 2023, Owen Shroyer, an InfoWars co-host who accompanied Jones to the capital on January 6, 2021, was sentenced to thirty days in prison for violating an active order to stay away from the Capitol grounds. He had received the order after previously being arrested for causing a disturbance in another governmental building. Litigation Pizzagate conspiracy theory In February 2017, James Alefantis, owner of Comet Ping Pong pizzeria, sent Jones a letter demanding an apology and retraction of his advocacy for the Pizzagate conspiracy theory. Jones was given one month to comply or be subject to a libel suit. In March 2017, Jones apologized to Alefantis and retracted his allegations. Chobani yogurt company In April 2017, the Chobani yogurt company filed suit against Jones for his claims that their factory in Idaho employing refugees was connected to a 2016 child sexual assault and a rise in tuberculosis. As a result, Jones issued an apology and retraction of his allegations in May 2017. However, while being deposed in the Texas defamation lawsuit filed by Sandy Hook parents, Jones reiterated many of his previous allegations against Chobani and its founder, Hamdi Ulukaya, indicating that he continues to espouse the false claims. Charlottesville car attack In March 2018, Brennan Gilmore, who shared a video he captured of a car hitting counter-protesters at the 2017 Unite the Right rally, filed a lawsuit against Jones and six others. According to the lawsuit, Jones said that Gilmore was acting as part of a false flag operation conducted by disgruntled government "deep state" employees promoting a coup against Trump. Gilmore alleged he received death threats from Jones's audience. In March 2022, Gilmore secured an admission of liability from Jones. Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting Jones has repeatedly spread disproven conspiracy theories about the 2012 Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting, including claiming that it was a "false flag" operation perpetrated by gun control advocates, that "no one died" in Sandy Hook, and that the incident was "staged", "synthetic", "manufactured", "a giant hoax" and "completely fake with actors". Jones faced numerous lawsuits due to these lies. Pozner and De La Rosa vs. Jones On April 16, 2018 Leonard Pozner and Veronique De La Rosa, parents of victim Noah Pozner, filed a defamation suit against Jones, Infowars and Free Speech Systems in Travis County, Texas. Pozner, who has been forced to move several times to avoid harassment and death threats, was accused by Jones of being a crisis actor. Heslin vs. Jones On April 16, 2018, Neil Heslin and Scarlett Lewis, parents of victim Jesse Lewis, filed a defamation suit against Jones, Infowars and Free Speech Systems in Travis County, Texas. Jones was found to be in contempt of court even before the trial started as a result of his failure to produce witnesses and materials relevant to the procedures. Consequently, Jones and Infowars were fined a total of $126,000 in October and December 2019. On January 22, 2021, the Texas Supreme Court threw out an appeal for dismissal by Jones of four defamation lawsuits from families of Sandy Hook victims. The court allowed the judgments of two lower courts to stand without comment, allowing the lawsuits to continue. On September 27, 2021, a district judge in Texas issued three default judgments against Jones, requiring him to pay all damages in two lawsuits. These rulings came after Jones repeatedly failed to hand over documents and evidence as ordered by the court, which the judge characterized as "flagrant bad faith and callous disregard for the responsibilities of discovery under the rules". The jury trial began in Texas on July 25, 2022, where the plaintiffs' attorney said they would seek $150 million from the jury. Heslin testified on August 2 that conspiracy theorists, fueled by Jones' statements, fired into his house and car and subjected him and his family to harassment. He said Jones' failure to attend court during his testimony was a "cowardly act". While Heslin was testifying, Jones was broadcasting his show, calling Heslin "slow" and "manipulated by some very bad people". Jones subsequently arrived at court to present his testimony, first sitting through that of Jesse's mother Scarlett Lewis. Lewis said "Alex, I want you to hear this. We're more polarized than ever as a country. Some of that is because of you." She asked Jones: "Do you think I'm an actor?" Jones responded, "No, I don't think you're an actor." As the only person testifying in his defense, Jones admitted the Sandy Hook shooting was "100% real", and agreed with his own attorney that it was "absolutely irresponsible" to push falsehoods about the shooting and its victims. Jones testified that he had complied with court orders in defamation suits and is bankrupt. On August 3, cross-examination revealed that Jones had not fully complied with court orders to provide text messages and emails for pretrial evidence gathering. Judge Maya Guerra Gamble of Travis County District Court admonished him for lying under oath, as his failure to comply with court orders was the reason he lost the defamation suits, and that bankruptcy proceedings had yet to be adjudicated. Gamble said, "You're under oath. That means things must actually be true when you say them." After the judge left the courtroom, Jones said Lewis and Heslin were being "controlled". While the jury deliberated the amount of compensatory damages, Jones was claiming on his radio show that the proceedings were "an incredible spectacle" backed by globalists trying to shut him down. On August 4, 2022, the jury ordered Jones pay Heslin and Lewis $4.1 million in compensatory damages, and the following day, he was ordered to pay an additional $45.2 million in punitive damages. On November 22, 2022, a judge ruled that Jones must pay the full amount of the punitive damages, even though this amount exceeds a cap under Texas law. (Jones' attorneys had estimated the punitive damages award would be reduced to $1.5 million, while the plaintiffs' attorneys had expected it to be reduced to $4.5 million.) On November 22, 2022, Judge Gamble ruled that the punitive damages cap did not apply in this case due to the rare and egregious nature of the harm. She also questioned the constitutionality of the damages cap in general. On April 25, 2023, Judge Gamble ordered Jones's attorney, Andino Reynal, to pay $97,169 to Heslin and Lewis for his bad-faith attempts to delay the trial. Lafferty et al vs. Jones On June 26, 2018, seven families of victims and an FBI agent who responded to the attack filed a defamation lawsuit in Connecticut Superior Court against Jones, Infowars, Free Speech Systems, Infowars Health and others for spreading false claims, resulting in the harassment, stalking and threatening of the plaintiffs. By February 2019, the plaintiffs won a series of court rulings requiring Jones to testify under oath. Jones was later ordered to undergo a sworn deposition, along with three other defendants related to the operation of Infowars. He was also ordered to turn over internal business documents related to Infowars. In this deposition in the last week of March 2019, Jones acknowledged the deaths were real, stating he had "almost like a form of psychosis, where he "basically thought everything was staged". On March 25, 2019, Jeremy Richman, one of the plaintiffs, whose daughter Avielle was killed, committed suicide. Jones, through his lawyer, offered condolences to Richman's family, but later that day on his show suggested that Richman had been murdered and that his death had something to do with special counsel Robert Mueller's investigation into Russian election interference. On April 5, 2021, the Supreme Court of the United States declined to hear an appeal by Jones against a court sanction in the lawsuit. On November 15, 2021, the judge found Jones liable by default for defamation, for “willful non-compliance” in failing to turn over documents to the families in line with court orders. On March 29, 2022, Jones offered a settlement of $120,000 to each of the thirteen people involved in the lawsuits, which was quickly rejected. On June 2, 2022, Jones's attorneys asked the judge to drop them from the case. The judge said she had heard this before, citing thirteen times in the past four years when Jones' attorneys asked to replace each other or be dropped from the case. She ordered them to continue to represent Jones until she ruled on the motion on June 15. On October 12, 2022, the jury awarded $965 million to be shared by 15 plaintiffs (eight families and one first responder). The plaintiffs' individual awards ranged from $28.8 million to $120 million. During the trial, the families testified that they had been threatened and harassed over years due to Jones' falsehoods. Jones reacted live to the verdict on his show, mocking it: "Do these people actually think they're getting any money?" He implored his viewers to donate to him to "appeal", and also declared that the jury's verdict was an attempt to "scare us away from questioning" school shootings such as the Stoneman Douglas High School shooting and the Robb Elementary School shooting, but "we're not going to stop". On November 10, 2022, the judge awarded the plaintiffs a further $473 million in punitive damages in the form of lawyers' fees, bringing the total to over $1.4 billion. The judge also issued an order that Jones was "not to transfer, encumber, dispose or move his assets out of the United States until further order of the court". Jones moved for a new trial, but on December 22, 2022, the judge denied his request. By the end of the summer of 2023, Jones had paid nothing to the families. Sherlach vs. Jones On July 24, 2018, William Sherlach, husband of victim and school psychologist Mary Sherlach, filed a defamation lawsuit in Connecticut Superior Court against Jones, Infowars, Free Speech Systems and Infowars Health. Sherlach's lawsuit was consolidated into the Lafferty et al vs. Jones lawsuit for the Connecticut trial. Attempts to protect assets Numerous media sources have raised questions on how much Jones really owns and hides in assets. On April 6, 2022, according to the Associated Press and The Daily Beast, a lawsuit was filed in Austin, Texas, by some of the Sandy Hook families accusing Jones of hiding assets worth millions of dollars after he began being sued for defamation by the families of Sandy Hook victims. The suit claims Jones "conspired to divert his assets to shell companies owned by insiders like his parents, his children, and himself". The lawsuit alleges Jones drew $18 million from the Infowars company beginning in 2018 and accuses Jones of claiming a "dubious" $54 million debt at about the same time to another company alleged by the lawsuit to be also owned by Jones. Norm Pattis, an attorney for Jones, said the lawsuit was "ridiculous" and denied that there had been any attempt to conceal assets. Bankruptcies On April 17, 2022, three companies owned by Jones filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection in the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of Texas, suspending further civil litigation claims, as the families had sued Jones as well as his companies. The three companies affected were InfoW, Prison Planet TV, and IWHealth (or Infowars Health). The court filings estimated InfoWars&apos; assets at between $0–$50,000, but its liabilities (including from the damages awarded against Jones in defamation suits) were stated as being between $1 million and $10 million. Regarding why Jones did not personally file for bankruptcy, his representative stated "It would ruin his name and harm his ability to sell merchandise." "Putting him in bankruptcy would harm his trademark value in terms of cashflow." A lawyer for the families involved in a Connecticut lawsuit against Jones responded, "Alex Jones is just delaying the inevitable: a public trial in which he will be held accountable for his profit-driven campaign of lies against the Sandy Hook families who have brought this lawsuit." On June 10, 2022, a federal judge in Texas dismissed the bankruptcy protection case after Jones and the families agreed that the three companies would be dropped from the defamation lawsuits against Jones, allowing them to continue in Texas and Connecticut. On July 29, 2022, the parent company of InfoWars, Free Speech Systems, LLC, filed for bankruptcy. In response to the Connecticut legal settlement made against him, Jones claimed assets of $6.2 million in January 2022. On December 2, 2022, Jones filed for Chapter 11 personal bankruptcy in the Southern District of Texas, claiming that his assets were between $1 million and $10 million, while his debts were between $1 billion and $10 billion. He also claimed that he had 50 to 99 creditors. On February 24, 2023, Jones claimed that the Department of Justice intended to seize his pet cat, valued at $2,000, to pay debts owed to the Sandy Hook families. On October 19, 2023, a Texas bankruptcy judge ruled that Jones cannot rely on bankruptcy protection to avoid paying the $1.5 billion he owes to the Sandy Hook families as a result of the Connecticut lawsuit. However, whether or not he will be able to reduce the amount of punitive damages in the Texas case is not yet clear and will likely be litigated further. Stoneman Douglas High School shooting Jones spread discredited conspiracy theories about the 2018 Stoneman Douglas High School shooting. He stated survivor David Hogg was a crisis actor. Marcel Fontaine sued Jones on April 2, 2018, after InfoWars falsely identified him as the gunman and posted photos of him in several versions of an article on the InfoWars website about the massacre. The lawsuit was filed in Texas court naming Jones, InfoWars, parent company Free Speech Systems, LLC and Infowars employee Kit Daniels as defendants. Fontaine's lawsuit was the first one against Jones that involved his defamatory statements about mass school shootings. One of his lawyers stated that "Marcel Fontaine is the only reason why we filed the first Sandy Hook case," because after Fontaine's suit was filed, the families of two boys slain in the Sandy Hook shooting contacted his law firm about also suing Jones. Fontaine died in an apartment building fire in Worcester, Massachusetts, on May 14, 2022. Personal life Jones has three children with his former wife Kelly Jones. The couple divorced in March 2015. In 2017, Kelly sought sole or joint custody of their children due to her ex-husband's behavior. She claimed "he's not a stable person" and "I'm concerned that he is engaged in felonious behavior, threatening a member of Congress" (Adam Schiff). His attorney responded by claiming that "he's playing a character" and describing him as a "performance artist". On his show, Jones denied playing a character and he called his show "the most bona fide, hard-core, real McCoy thing there is, and everybody knows it"; whereas in court, Jones clarified that he generally agreed with his attorney's statement, but that he disagreed with the media's interpretation of the term "performance artist". Kelly was awarded the right to decide where their children live while he maintains visitation rights. In April 2020, a state district judge denied an emergency motion by Kelly to secure custody of their daughters for the next two weeks after Jones led a rally at the Capitol, where he was mobbed by supporters and called COVID-19 a hoax. His son, Rex Jones, has worked for InfoWars. His father, David Jones, is involved in InfoWars's business and previously handled human resources tasks for his son, according to his testimony in a deposition. Jones married Erika Wulff in 2017; they have one child. In February 2023, the Southern Poverty Law Center (SPLC) reported on text messages that appeared to corroborate a September 2022 Rolling Stone story reporting that Jones may have spied on Wulff in 2019. In the texts reviewed by the SPLC, Jones told his security employee to monitor Wulff, expressing concern that she was cheating on him. Media Films Television Author Film subject Notes References External links 1974 births Living people 9/11 conspiracy theorists Alt-right activists Alt-right writers American conspiracy theorists American libertarians American people of English descent American people of German descent American people of Irish descent American people of Welsh descent American people who self-identify as being of Native American descent American podcasters American political commentators American talk radio hosts American anti-vaccination activists COVID-19 conspiracy theorists Moon landing conspiracy theorists Protesters in or near the January 6 United States Capitol attack People from Rockwall, Texas Radio personalities from Dallas Texas Republicans InfoWars people

Bibhu Bhattacharya (17 September 1944 – 23 September 2011) was an Indian actor who primarily appeared in Bengali TV and films. He was born in Jharia, Bihar, British India (now Jharia, Jharkhand, India). He gained prominence and became a household name only in 1998 as Jatayu (Lalmohan Ganguly) in Sandip Ray’s Feluda, based on stories by his late father, maestro Satyajit Ray. In 2011, he died of Cardiac arrest in Howrah, West Bengal. Acting career Bibhu Bhattacharya never attended any school. He was acting in studios, when other boys of his age were studying. At the age of four-and-a-half he started acting in a film called Maryada, starring Uttam Kumar. He was called Master Bibhu, one of the most prominent child actors in Bengali films and very popular with actors like Jahar Ganguly and Chhabi Biswas. He played the title role in the movie Prahlad (1952) and did movies like Bindur Chhele (1952), Dhruba (1953), Rani Rashmoni (1955) and Dui Bon (1955). After he grew up and became a teenager, he could no longer be a child actor and offers began to dry up. His last film as a child actor was Sagar Sangame (1959). Then, he didn’t get another film for almost 38 years. In between, he kept himself busy with theater and TV serials. Feluda series It was only in 1998 that he got the dream role of Jatayu. His first film as Jatayu was Jahangirer Shornomudra (1999) and he also acted as Jatayu in Bombaiyer Bombete (2003), Kailashey Kelenkari (2007), Tintorettor Jishu (2007), Gorosthaney Sabdhan (2010) and Royal Bengal Rahasya (2011). He was legendary in his performance and managed to capture in essence the spirit of the character so well that even Sandip Ray, the director, found him perfect as a replacement. He had completed dubbing for the Feluda film Royal Bengal Rahasya the day before he died. Initially, it was difficult to replace the legendary actor, Santosh Dutta as Jatayu, but he became popular with time. Filmography Macho Mustanaa (2012) Bhooter Bhabishyat (2012) Aalo Chhaya (2012) Royal Bengal Rahasya (Feluda theatrical film) (2011) as Jatayu (Lalmohan Ganguly) Tenida (2011) Gorosthaney Sabdhan (Feluda theatrical film) (2010) as Jatayu (Lalmohan Ganguly) Bela Sheshe (2009) Mallick Bari (2009) Swartha (2009) Tintorettor Jishu (Feluda theatrical film) (2008) as Jatayu (Lalmohan Ganguly) Abelay Garam Bhaat (2008) Kailashey Kelenkari (Feluda theatrical film) (2007) as Jatayu (Lalmohan Ganguly) Bombaiyer Bombete (Feluda theatrical film) (2003) as Jatayu (Lalmohan Ganguly) Satyajiter Priyo Golpo (Dr Munshir Diary For ETV Bangla) (Feluda TV film) (2000) as Jatayu (Lalmohan Ganguly) Satyajiter Goppo (Jahangirer Swarnamudra, Ghurghutiyar Ghotona, Golapi Mukto Rahashya, Ambar Sen Antardhan Rahashya for DD Bangla) (Feluda TV films) (1999) as Jatayu (Lalmohan Ganguly) Sagar Sangamey (1959) Swapnapuri (1959) Thakur Haridas (1959) Purir Mandir (1958) Sree Sree Maa (1958) Harishchandra (1957) Janmatithi (1957) Khela Bhangar Khela (1957) Omkarer Joyjatra (1957) Mamlar Phal (1956) Putrabadhu (1956) Bir Hambir (1955) Dui Bon (1955) Jharer Pare (1955) Prashna (1955) Rani Rasmani (1955) Srikrishna Sudama (1955) Agnipariksha (1954) Bakul (1954) Ladies Seat (1954) Nababidhan (1954) Prafulla (1954) Dhruba (1953) Sitar Patal Prabesh (1953) Aandhi (1952) Bindur Chhele (1952) Bishwamitra (1952) Nildarpan (1952) Pallisamaj (1952) Prahlad (1952) Sahasa (1952) Bhakta Raghunath (1951) Kulhara (1951) Pratyabartan (1951) Maryada (1950) Feluda Series TV films Jahangirer Swarnamudra (1998) Ambar Sen Antordhan Rahashya (1998) Golapi Mukta Rahashaya (1998) Dr. Munshir Diary (2000) See also Satyajit Ray Literary works of Satyajit Ray Sandip Ray Santosh Dutta Feluda Jatayu (Lalmohan Ganguly) Feluda in film Professor Shonku Tarini khuro Tarini Khuro in other media Culture of Bengal Culture of West Bengal References External links My Fundays Telegraph Kolkata article 24 December 2008 Indian male film actors Male actors from Kolkata Bengali male actors Male actors in Bengali cinema 2011 deaths 1944 births 20th-century Indian male actors 21st-century Indian male actors Bengali male television actors Indian male television actors People from Howrah

The Chilean Matorral (NT1201) is a terrestrial ecoregion of central Chile, located on the west coast of South America. It is in the Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub biome, part of the Neotropical realm. The matorral ecoregion is characterized by a temperate Mediterranean climate, with rainy winters and dry summers, and lies between the arid Atacama Desert and the humid Valdivian temperate forests. The ecoregion is home to diverse plant communities, including matorral or tall shrubland, forests and woodlands, savannas, and low shrubland and scrub. The ecoregion is one of the world's five Mediterranean climate regions, which are all located in the middle latitudes on the west coast of continents. The Mediterranean Basin, the California chaparral and woodlands ecoregion of California and Baja California, the Cape Province of South Africa, and Southwest Australia are the other Mediterranean-climate regions. Setting The Matorral occupies central Chile between 32° and 37° south latitude. The Pacific Ocean lies to the west, and the Chilean Coastal Range lies parallel to the coast. The Chilean Central Valley lies between the Coastal range and the Andes Mountains, which bound the matorral ecoregion on the east. To the north is the extremely dry Atacama desert, which separates the matorral from the tropical forests of northern South America. A semi-desert region known as El Norte Chico (the "little north") lies between 28° and 32° south latitude, and is the transition zone between the Atacama desert and the Matorral. To the south lies the cooler and wetter Valdivian temperate forests ecoregion, which includes transitional deciduous forests, including the Maulino forest of the Chilean Coast Range, along with most of South America's temperate rain forests. Flora The Chilean Matorral ecoregion is home to several plant communities. Semi-desert scrub is common in the north, in the transition to the arid Atacama. Matorral, woodland, forest, and savanna occur further south Coastal semi-desert scrub, also known as lomas, forms a narrow belt along the Pacific coast from 32 to 24º S, from sea level up to approximately 1,200 m elevation on the Chilean Coast Range. Fog and low clouds from the sea provide more moisture, reduce evapotranspiration and keep summer temperatures cooler, in contrast to the semi-desert scrub and arid Atacama Desert further inland. Typical vegetation consists of shrubs up to 2 meters high, with columnar cactus reaching 3–4 meters tall. Vegetation cover is highest, up to 80%, from 700 to 800 meters elevation where the fog is most abundant, and 30-40% elsewhere. Characteristic species include Euphorbia lactiflua, Echinopsis deserticola, Eulychnia iquiquensis, Eulychnia breviflora, Heliotropium taltalense, Nolana crassulifolia, Nolana leptophylla, Ophryosporus triangularis, Oxalis virgosa, Proustia cuneifolia subsp. tipia, Puya boliviensis, and many others. Coastal matorral is a low, soft coastal scrubland which extends from La Serena in the north to Valparaiso in the south. In less arid areas it is a shrubland with shrubs 1.5 to 2 meters tall, interspersed with succulent rosette plants and columnar cacti. Typical species are the palhuén (Adesmia microphylla), palo de yagua or wild coastal fuchsia (Fuchsia lycioides), Schinus latifolia, Azara celastrina, Lithraea caustica, Pouteria valparadisaea, Ageratina glechonophylla, Anisomeria littoralis, and Puya chilensis. The coastal matorral is similar to the garrigue of the Mediterranean Basin and the coastal sage scrub of southern California. In the more arid north, semi-open shrubland less than 1 meter tall it typical, with low soft shrubs and succulent Bromeliaceae and Cactaceae. Typical northern species include coastal daisy (Bahia ambrosioides), Puya chilensis, Baccharis macraei, Haplopappus foliosus, Solanum pinnatum, and Eulychnia acida. Herbaceous annual plants cover open areas during the springtime, and dry up during the summer months. Matorral is a shrubland plant community, composed of sclerophyll ("hard-leaved") shrubs and small trees, cactus, and bromeliads. Typical species include litre (Lithraea caustica), quillay or soapbark tree (Quillaja saponaria), cactus (Echinopsis chiloensis), and bromeliads of genus Puya, with a diverse understory of herbs, vines, and geophytes. The matorral is similar to the chaparral of California and the maquis of the Mediterranean Basin. Espinal is a savanna plant community, composed of widely spaced clumps of trees, predominantly Espino (Vachellia caven) and spiny carob tree (Prosopis chilensis), with an understory of annual grasses introduced from the Mediterranean Basin in the 16th century. Much of the espinal was formerly matorral, degraded over the centuries by intensive grazing of sheep, goats, and cattle. Sclerophyll woodlands and forests were once more extensive, but now exist in small patches in the coast ranges and Andean foothills. The sclerophyll forests and woodlands are composed predominantly of evergreen sclerophyll trees, including peumo (Cryptocarya alba), boldo (Peumus boldus), mayten (Maytenus boaria), and Chilean wine palm (Jubaea chilensis). The ecoregion has many endemic plant species, with affinities to the South American tropics, the Antarctic flora, and the Andes. About 95% of the plant species are endemic to Chile, including Gomortega keule, Pitavia punctata, Nothofagus alessandrii, and the Chilean wine palm, Jubaea chilensis. Fauna Simonetti estimated that Mediterranean Chile had 200 native bird species, 37 mammals, 38 reptiles, and 12 amphibians, with 7 endemic birds, 7 endemic mammals, 31 endemic reptiles, and 6 endemic amphibians. Endemic and near-endemic birds include the Chilean tinamou (Nothoprocta perdicaria), moustached turca (Pteroptochos megapodius), white-throated tapaculo (Scelorchilus albicollis), Ochre-flanked tapaculo (Eugralla paradoxa), crag earthcreeper (Ochetorhynchus melanurus), dusky-tailed canastero (Pseudasthenes humicola), and Chilean mockingbird (Mimus thenca). The ecoregion corresponds to the Central Chile Endemic Bird Area. Native mammals include the common degu (Octodon degus), Bridges's degu (Octodon bridgesii), pichi or dwarf armadillo (Zaedyus pichiy), and southern river otter (Lontra provocax). The guanaco (Lama guanacoe) has been extirpated from the ecoregion. Native mammal predators include the puma (Puma concolor), Andean mountain cat (Leopardus jacobita), culpeo or andean wolf (Pseudalopex culpaeus), and South American gray fox (Pseudalopex griseus). Endemic reptiles include several species of tree iguana, including the black-spotted tree iguana (Liolaemus nigromaculatus), braided tree iguana (Liolaemus platei), brown tree iguana (Liolaemus fuscus), Hellmich's tree iguana (Liolaemus hellmichi), Liolaemus nigromaculatus, Kuhlman's tree iguana (Liolaemus zapallarensis), Schroeder's tree iguana (Liolaemus schroederi), shining tree iguana (Liolaemus nitidus), Chilean tree iguana (Liolaemus chiliensis), Liolaemus atacamensis, Liolaemus pseudolemniscatus, Liolaemus reichei, and Liolaemus silvai. Other endemic reptiles include Alvaro's anole (Pristidactylus alvaroi), the spotted false monitor (Callopistes maculatus), Yanez's lava lizard (Microlophus yanezi), Pristidactylus valeriae, and Chilean marked gecko (Garthia gaudichaudii). Native amphibians include the Atacama toad (Rhinella atacamensis) in the northern portion of the ecoregion, and the banded wood frog (Batrachyla taeniata), Chile four-eyed frog (Pleurodema thaul), helmeted water toad (Caudiverbera caudiverbera), and Alsodes nodosus. Conservation and threats The matorral ecoregion contains the majority of Chile's population and its largest cities. The Central valley is Chile's main agricultural region, and the region is also subject to extensive grazing, logging, and urbanization. Grasses and other herbaceous plants introduced from the Mediterranean Basin have covered extensive areas of the ecoregion, displacing native plants. Much of the ecoregion's original forest and woodland has been degraded into matorral or scrub, and much matorral degraded into espinal or sparse scrub. Other threats include human-caused fires and overgrazing by introduced rabbits, hares, and goats. Of Chile's ecoregions, the matorral is the least protected by national parks and preserves. Only 1.3% of the ecoregion is protected. Protected areas include: Lago Peñuelas National Reserve Río Blanco National Reserve Las Cruces Marine and Coastal Protected Area Bosque de Fray Jorge National Park Las Palmas de Cocalán National Park Llanos de Challe National Park Pan de Azúcar National Park Morro Moreno National Park Las Chinchillas National Reserve Pingüino de Humboldt National Reserve El Yali National Reserve Roblería del Cobre de Loncha National Reserve Pichasca Natural Monument Cerro Ñielol Natural Monument Isla Cachagua Natural Monument Paposo Norte Natural Monument Roca Oceánica Nature Sanctuary Campo dunar de la punta de Concón Nature Sanctuary Palmar El Salto Nature Sanctuary Las Petras de Quintero y su Entorno Nature Sanctuary Laguna El Peral Nature Sanctuary Laguna Conchalí Nature Sanctuary Granito Orbicular Nature Sanctuary Serranía el Ciprés Nature Sanctuary Acantilados Federico Santa María Nature Sanctuary Isla de Cachagua Nature Sanctuary Predio Sector "Altos de Cantillana - Horcón de Piedra y Roblería Cajón de Lisboa" Nature Sanctuary San Juan de Piche Nature Sanctuary Bosque de Calabacillo de Navidad Nature Sanctuary Horcón de Piedra (Fundo Rinconada de Chocalán) Nature Sanctuary Cajón del Río Achibueno Nature Sanctuary Estero Derecho Nature Sanctuary Humedal de Tunquén Nature Sanctuary Quebrada de La Plata Nature Sanctuary Quebrada de Córdova Nature Sanctuary Quebrada Llau Llau Nature Sanctuary Área de Palma Chilena de Monte Aranda Nature Sanctuary Cerro Poqui Nature Sanctuary Raja de Manquehua - Poza Azul Nature Sanctuary Humedales de Tongoy Nature Sanctuary Humedal Río Maipo Nature Sanctuary Cerro Santa Inés Nature Sanctuary El Zaino - Laguna El Copín Nature Sanctuary Humedal Costero Carrizal Bajo Nature Sanctuary External links References Ecoregions of Chile Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub Neotropical ecoregions Sclerophyll forests

Čejkovice is a municipality and village in Znojmo District in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants. Čejkovice lies approximately east of Znojmo, south-west of Brno, and south-east of Prague. References Villages in Znojmo District

Suteria ide is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial gastropod mollusc in the family Charopidae (Marshall, 2015).This species is endemic to New Zealand. Description The shell of this species reaches 9 mm wide and 4.5 mm high (Powell, 1979). The shells are covered in short bristles, which reduce the amount of excess soil and water adhering to the shell (Brockie, 2013). Habitat Suteria ide lives in microcavities in the ground, or under logs and dead leaves (Solem et al. 1981). These snails can be found in the North Island and the upper half of the South Island of New Zealand. References External links Image of Suteria ide Charopidae Gastropods of New Zealand Gastropods described in 1850 Taxa named by John Edward Gray

EénVandaag (OneToday) is a current affairs programme broadcast on the Dutch public television network NPO 1 (formerly Nederland 1), The programme, which airs on Monday to Saturday evenings at 6:15pm CET is a co-production of the broadcasting associations AVRO and TROS, and since 2014 AVROTROS. Eén Vandaag initially aired on Nederland 2 as Twee Vandaag and was launched in 1993 as a joint-production between the pillar broadcasters TROS, the EO and Veronica. Up until that point, the three companies had produced their own weekly current affairs programmes - TROS Aktua, Tijdsein (EO) and Nieuwslijn (Veronica). Since then, the roll-call of participating broadcasters has changed several times. Currently, the programme is presented on alternate nights by Bas van Werven (originalfrom TROS) and Pieter Jan Hagens (original from AVRO). The programme's editor-in-chief is Jan Kriek. EénVandaag is also broadcast each weekday on the international television station BVN. Dossier EenVandaag Since 2014 EenVandaag has also a spin off called Dossier EenVandaag that will be broadcast irregular, the concept is that questions were answered by Jan Born and Sander 't Sas, the emphasis is on criminality, corruption and secret documents leaked by whistleblowers. Opinion panel A recurring feature of the program is the Opinion Panel, a group of over 35,000 viewers who are regularly asked, via the Internet, for their opinion on current topics. This makes it one of the largest opinion panels in the Netherlands. Politician of the year In December 2004 the members of the opinion panel (together with members of parliament), were asked to choose their "politician of the year". Each group was asked to rank both the best and the worst politicians. The parliamentarians chose as their best politician the Socialist Party leader Jan Marijnissen, followed by CDA leader (and Prime Minister at the time) Jan Peter Balkenende, followed by Wouter Bos (leader of the PvdA). As worst politician they chose Rita Verdonk, describing her as an "elephant in a china cabinet" (a Dutch expression meaning ruthless and incompetent). Geert Wilders and Mark Rutte are also elected to the Politician of the Year. The members of the opinion panel also selected Marijnissen as best politician, but chose Bos as the worst. Remarkably, Verdonk appeared in second place and Balkenende in third on both the best and the worst lists. Presenters and editors Current Jan Kriek (editor-in-chief) Bas van Werven (presenter) Pieter Jan Hagens (presenter) Rik van de Westelaken (presenter) Former Peter Beker (EO; editor in chief) Tijs van den Brink (EO; presenter) Pieter Jan Hagens (AVRO; presenter) Jaap Jongbloed (TROS; presenter) Klaas Samplonius (TROS; editor in chief) Jeroen Snel (EO; presenter) André Zwartbol (EO; presenter) Antoinette Hertsenberg (TROS) External links Dutch television news shows 1993 Dutch television series debuts 1990s Dutch television series 2000s Dutch television series 2010s Dutch television series NPO 1 original programming

Magali Amadei (born November 30, 1974) is a French model, actress, and writer. Biography Amadei was discovered at age 16 while studying ballet at The Opera House in Nice. After a summer spent modeling in New York City, she abandoned her original plan to move to Japan for pre-medical education, and instead pursued modeling full-time. Amadei was featured on the covers of Cosmopolitan and Glamour, but also suffered from the eating disorder bulimia for seven years while working as a fashion model, and sought help after passing out at a photo shoot. After treatment she began visiting schools to share her experience with students. She also appeared in television and film roles, including supporting and minor roles in House of D and Taxi. In 2009, with co-author Claire Mysko, Amadei published the book Does This Pregnancy Make Me Look Fat?, about body changes and social expectations during pregnancy. The Los Angeles Daily News praised the book for taking on issues around pregnancy "in a hip, compassionate way". Filmography Inferno! (1992), Ellen Von Unwerth Blood Trail (1997), Naomi The Groomsmen (2001), Tanya The Wedding Planner (2001), Wendy The Mind of the Married Man (2001, TV) Kingpin (2003, TV) House of D (2004), Coralie Warshaw Taxi (2004), Fourth Robber References External links 1974 births Living people People from Nice French female models French film actresses French television actresses French expatriates in the United States

Guy Delhumeau (born 14 January 1947 ) is a French former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper. He notably played professionally for Paris Saint-Germain, Paris FC, Boulogne, and Nice, and represented France at the 1968 Summer Olympics. References External links Player profile Interview 1947 births Living people Sportspeople from Vienne French men's footballers Paris Saint-Germain F.C. players Paris FC players US Boulogne players OGC Nice players Championnat de France Amateur (1935–1971) players Ligue 2 players Ligue 1 players French Division 3 (1971–1993) players Olympic footballers for France Footballers at the 1968 Summer Olympics Stade Poitevin FC players Men's association football goalkeepers Footballers from Nouvelle-Aquitaine

Vladimir Polyanichev (born 21 April 1938) is a Soviet sprinter. He competed in the men's 4 × 400 metres relay at the 1960 Summer Olympics. References 1938 births Living people Athletes (track and field) at the 1960 Summer Olympics Soviet male sprinters Olympic athletes for the Soviet Union Place of birth missing (living people)

Naomi Osaka defeated Ashleigh Barty in the final, 3–6, 6–3, 6–2 to win the women's singles tennis title at the 2019 China Open. It was Osaka's second Premier Mandatory-level title. Caroline Wozniacki was the defending champion, but lost to Osaka in the semifinals. Barty and Karolína Plíšková were in contention for the WTA no. 1 singles ranking at the start of the tournament. Barty retained the top ranking when Plíšková lost in the first round to Jeļena Ostapenko. Seeds The four Wuhan semifinalists received a bye into the second round. They are as follows: Ashleigh Barty Petra Kvitová Alison Riske Aryna Sabalenka Draw Finals Top half Section 1 Section 2 Bottom half Section 3 Section 4 Qualifying Seeds Qualifiers Draw First qualifier Second qualifier Third qualifier Fourth qualifier Fifth qualifier Sixth qualifier Seventh qualifier Eighth qualifier References External links Main Draw Qualifying Draw China Open - Women's Singles Singles women