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a structure generates electromagnetic radiation having at least one wavelength selected for activating a photosensitive substance that is applied to a tissue to be treated . the structure is particularly useful for photodynamic therapy applications . the structure includes a body of material , such as a polymer filament , band , or substrate , that contains a gain medium . the gain medium in turn contains a substance for generating a stimulated emission that includes the at least one wavelength when excited by a pump wavelength , and a plurality of scattering sites for scattering the stimulated emission to provide a narrow band emission at the at least one selected wavelength . the narrow band emission in turn activates the photo - sensitive therapeutic substance .

a diesel engine operated with cylinder cut - out is disclosed . the number of operative cylinders is proportional to the load on the engine . a computer stops the flow of fuel to the deactivated cylinders . the computer energizes the glow plugs of the deactived cylinders if the deactivated cylinder temperatures are below a predetermined minimum temperature before reactivating the cylinder .

ATC submission and SOCC submission.

large digital displays for entertainment , architectural and advertizing displays have interconnected display panels with pluralities of light emitting elements . to solve calibration problems , each of the display panels stores measured luminance and chromaticity data for each of the light emitting elements of the panel . the luminance data is independent of the chromaticity data . a central controller can then perform calibration procedures so that the light emitting elements are matched across the entire display .

a first foundation fabric having on its one surface a number of raised interlocking elements and a second foundation fabric having weft threads of monofilaments are woven or knitted integrally with each other by means of connecting threads . the first and second foundation fabrics are firmly and integrally united together by a synthetic resin layer to form a surface - type fastener having a thick foundation fabric . the surface - type fastener of the foregoing construction does not require a conventional sewing process , can therefore be produced efficiently , can readily be rolled up on a reel , obviates the need for a complicated inventory management which would occur when the first and second foundation fabrics are stocked separately in view of the dimensions and colors of the respective foundation fabrics , is able to prevent the first and second foundation fabrics from separating during use of the surface - type fastener , and hence continuously maintains the necessary strength throughout the service life .

a remote controller has an id signal generating means for generating a unique identifying signal that is exclusive to a particular set of the remote controller and an electronic appliance . the electronic appliance has storage means for storing the id signal . in response to an instruction through entry means , the remote controller transmits the unique id signal from the id signal generating means , and the electronic appliance receives the unique id signal and stores it in its storage means .

We're happy to announce the 1.2.2 release. You can see the changelog here: https://scikit-learn.org/stable/whats_new/v1.2.html#version-1-2-2 You can upgrade with pip as usual: pip install -U scikit-learn The conda-forge builds will be available shortly, which you can then install using: conda install -c conda-forge scikit-learn

a bulk material container comprises a shell made from suitable material , such as aluminum or stainless steel . disposed within the shell is a follower . the vertical position of the follower varies with the level of flowable bulk material stored in the shell . a permanent magnet is carried by the follower for movement therewith and a magnetic switch operatively responsive to the magnetic field created by the permanent magnet is attached to the exterior of the shell to detect the height of the permanent magnet . a level indicator is responsive to the operation of the magnetic switch for indicating the level of the follower .

a method for a dental implant process involves creating an overall image that shows a trajectory of a drill bushing in relation to a patient &# 39 ; s jaw . the overall image shows a trajectory image that represents the trajectory of the drill bushing and a jaw image that represents the jaw . the method allows a user to move the trajectory image relative to the jaw image , which can be useful when adjusting the angular position of the actual drill bushing .

the process for making a dimensionally stable , embossed , ornamented surface covering suitable for use as a floor or wall tile , involving , inter alia , laminating and embossing a resinous thermoplastic top layer having a plurality of openings extending through its thickness to allow the escape of air and extending to a base material or substrate of pre - formed , low - density , reinforced , porous thermoplastic material . the base material may include hollow non - thermoplastic particles . the composite structure is subjected to heat and pressure in a flatbed press having a cooled embossing plate and a cooled back - up plate , to emboss the structure without deformation , fuse the resins and render the top layer substantially impermeable . the improvement comprises providing a second resinous thermoplastic layer between the top layer and the base material , the second layer being capable of allowing passage of air through its thickness during the embossing and fusion step , and being adapted to soften and flow before the top layer does , thereby assuring complete closure of all openings in the top layers of the product .

the present invention relates to an apparatus for simultaneously securing both ends of a door with a single locking action . an electric solenoid motor is used to move a first deadbolt into a locked position and an associated locking bar simultaneously moves a second deadbolt at the other end of the door into a locked position .

a condenser lens and a headlamp assembly employing the condenser lens improves control over the beam spread characteristics , while at the same time reduces the package size of the headlamp assembly . the condenser lens is provided for a projector - type headlamp assembly having a light source emitting light which is projected longitudinally downstream in front of a motor vehicle . the condenser lens generally includes a main body of light transmitting material . the main body defines a first surface receiving light from the light source and a second surface emitting the light . the second surface has at least one facet structured to spread the light and provide a predetermined beam pattern .

in an image forming apparatus , it is necessary to improve slide portions of a cleaning blade and an image bearing body which cause chatter vibration phenomenon in order to configure the cleaning blade so as to be durable of long - term use . in order to solve the above issue , an image forming apparatus for forming a toner image on a recording material which includes an image bearing member and a cleaning blade for cleaning the image bearing member , and in which a decreasing ratio of a friction coefficient μ between the image bearing member and the cleaning blade relative to common logarithms of driving speeds of the image bearing member is maintained 0 . 03 or lower for prolonging a service life of the cleaning blade .

a controller for use with a guidewire , such as a vascular guidewire , provides a mechanism for gripping and applying a torque to the guidewire without the need to thread the guidewire axially through the controller and at a location close to a point of access of the guidewire . in one embodiment , the controller includes a side - access , multi - part assembly including a collett or other gripping element that applies a uniform radially inward force on the guidewire . in another embodiment , for use with guidewires having active electrically controllable elements , the controller integrally or removably incorporates a switch or other mechanism to initiate an energized state . the controller thereby permits , among other advantages , ergonomic , single - handed control of an electronically steerable guidewire , including axially displacing , torquing and steering the guidewire .

Preliminary observations from the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer of a well-studied X-ray pulsar are discordant with theoretical expectations, prompting a reassessment of our understanding of the accretion process.

an apparatus and method of roasting foodstuff such as coffee beans employ a roasting chamber for roasting the beans . an air circulation system operatively coupled with the chamber flows heated air over the beans and thereby roasts the beans , and an air cleaning arrangement is operatively coupled with the air circulation system and located downstream of the chamber for removing substantially all particulates , smoke and volatiles entrained in the used air as it flows through the container and into the air cleaning arrangement to provide substantially pollutant - free used air . the circulation system uses atmospheric air and heats , cleans and cools it within as little as ¼ second . sensors and a electronic controller are provided to monitor various parameters in the roasting apparatus and control the roasting characteristics . the darkness and / or color of the beans during roasting is monitored to ensure proper roasting . the roasting in roasting machines at a plurality of geographically separate locations is controlled by equipping each roasting machine with a computer with memory and providing a central control station for downloading control signals to the computer to control roasting .

a mold mounting plate of an injection molding machine , in particular for plastic , includes a baseplate having a front face for receiving a mold . the weight of the mold mounting plate can be reduced by arranging a dome - shaped element with its base on the backside of the baseplate opposite the front side for supporting the baseplate . such mold mounting plate is easy to manufacture as a single cast part .

the invention relates to a sandwich panel , comprising two skin layers and , connected thereto , a core layer in between . the first skin layer extends beyond the core at an edge of the panel by a protruding part , thereby defining an open edge space of the panel . the panel is further provided with a support member for the protruding part , the support member having a first part , extending inside the open edge space , and having a second part extending outside the open edge space and up to the plane , defined by the outer surface of the first skin layer . the panel provides an improved delamination resistance . the invention also relates to a support member for use in a sandwich panel according to the invention , and to a vehicle , in particular an aircraft , provided with the sandwich panel .

a training method and device for the lower body providing a mode of exercise that manifests as a functional , closed - kinetic - chain training of the gluteus maximus and the hamstrings in a natural sequential firing pattern . the device construction allows an upright stance so that during exercise the lower body mimics a stride action , as in walking . by combining this natural stride action with adjustable resistance elements in the device , a wide range of uses , from strength training to rehabilitation , are achieved . the device generally includes footplates that are movable in forward and backward directions and also can be simultaneously moved upward against resistance . the heel of the foot can simultaneously be raised with respect to the toe of the foot , also against resistance .

a novel framework for fast and continuous registration between two imaging modalities is disclosed . the approach makes it possible to completely determine the rigid transformation between multiple sources at real - time or near real - time frame - rates in order to localize the cameras and register the two sources . a disclosed example includes computing or capturing a set of reference images within a known environment , complete with corresponding depth maps and image gradients . the collection of these images and depth maps constitutes the reference source . the second source is a real - time or near - real time source which may include a live video feed . given one frame from this video feed , and starting from an initial guess of viewpoint , the real - time video frame is warped to the nearest viewing site of the reference source . an image difference is computed between the warped video frame and the reference image . the viewpoint is updated via a gauss - newton parameter update and certain of the steps are repeated for each frame until the viewpoint converges or the next video frame becomes available . the final viewpoint gives an estimate of the relative rotation and translation between the camera at that particular video frame and the reference source . the invention has far - reaching applications , particularly in the field of assisted endoscopy , including bronchoscopy and colonoscopy . other applications include aerial and ground - based navigation .

the present invention provides an enteral feeding set comprising tubing adapted for fluid flow therethrough and further adapted to be engaged by a pump unit , a valve mechanism in direct communication with said tubing , said valve mechanism being adapted to be engaged by said pump unit , and a feeding set indicator for permitting identification of the functional configuration of said administration feeding set by said pump unit , characterized in that said tubing comprises at least two inlet tubes on an upstream side of said valve mechanism and a single outlet tube on a downstream side thereof and wherein said inlet tubes each include a connector for connecting said tube to a supply of fluid at a connection end thereof , each of said connectors being of like form but visually distinguishable for indicating to a user which supply of fluid each connector should be attached thereto .

We present measurements of the redshift-dependent clustering of a DESI-like luminous red galaxy (LRG) sample selected from the Legacy Survey imaging data set, and use the halo occupation distribution (HOD) framework to fit the clustering signal. The photometric LRG sample in this study contains 2.7 million objects over the redshift range of 0.4 &lt; z &lt; 0.9 over 5655 deg<SUP>2</SUP>. We have developed new photometric redshift (photo-z) estimates using the Legacy Survey DECam and WISE photometry, with σ<SUB>NMAD</SUB> = 0.02 precision for LRGs. We compute the projected correlation function using new methods that maximize signal-to-noise ratio while incorporating redshift uncertainties. We present a novel algorithm for dividing irregular survey geometries into equal-area patches for jackknife resampling. For a five-parameter HOD model fit using the MultiDark halo catalogue, we find that there is little evolution in HOD parameters except at the highest redshifts. The inferred large-scale structure bias is largely consistent with constant clustering amplitude over time. In an appendix, we explore limitations of Markov chain Monte Carlo fitting using stochastic likelihood estimates resulting from applying HOD methods to N-body catalogues, and present a new technique for finding best-fitting parameters in this situation. Accompanying this paper, we have released the Photometric Redshifts for the Legacy Surveys catalogue of photo-z's obtained by applying the methods used in this work to the full Legacy Survey Data Release 8 data set. This catalogue provides accurate photometric redshifts for objects with z &lt; 21 over more than 16 000 deg<SUP>2</SUP> of sky.

a container is provided in the form of a cup - like container body with a round mouth closed by a lid which becomes removably replaceable upon tearing away of a circumferentially extending tear strip which initially surrounds the mouth rim of the container body as a radially outer , integral part of the lid flange . as the lid is differential pressure - thermoformed , its radially outer region is formed into a generally inverted u - shaped structure which near the juncture of the base and radially outer leg of the inverted u , is provided , within the channel , with an inverted v - shaped notch of substantially diminished wall thickness to provide a line of weakness which preferably extends nearly fully around the circumference of the lid , but for at an angularly short tear - starting site . after the thermoforming step , and preferably in connection with trimming the lid from the surrounding scrap portion of the sheet in which it was formed , a mechanical crimper axially collapses an initially radially outwardly concave annular portion of the radially outer leg of the inverted u , intermediate the vertical extend of that leg , with an upwardly , inwardly directed barb or hook which , cooperating with the rim of the cup provides the snap lock feature for securing the lid to the cup . after the initial lidding , it is this barb which prevents removal of the lid until the tear strip is torn away .

a mems - based optical steering apparatus for free space optical transmitters , receivers , and transceivers is disclosed . the mems device comprises actuators linked to an optic fiber , the actuators operable to maneuver the optical fiber in the x - y plane at the focal point of the transmitter , receiver , or transceiver . the mems device may thus be used to replace gimbals for beam steering applications .

an electronic skin treatment device with an integrated specimen dispenser is disclosed , with which specimen dispense can be concurrently applied to target skin area while ultrasonic vibrations , mechanical massaging motions , galvanic stimulations , or light illuminations are used and as such a customizable , easier and better skin beautification can be achieved .

We present a new calibration of the J-band absolute magnitude of the JAGB method based on thermally pulsing AGB stars that are members of Milky Way open clusters, having distances and reddenings, independently compiled and published by Marigo. A total 17 of these photometrically selected J-Branch AGB stars give M <SUB> J </SUB> = -6.40 mag with a scatter of ±0.40 mag, and 1σ on the mean of ±0.10 mag. Combining the Milky Way field carbon star calibration of Lee with this determination gives a weighted average of M <SUB> J </SUB>(MW) = -6.19 ± 0.04 mag (error on the mean). This value is statistically indistinguishable from the value determined for this population of distance indicators in the LMC and SMC, giving further evidence that JAGB stars are extremely reliable distance indicators of high luminosity and universal applicability. Combining the zero-points for JAGB stars in these three systems, a value of M <SUB> J </SUB> = -6.20 ± 0.01 (stat) ±0.04 (sys) mag becomes our best current estimate of the JAGB zero-point and its associated errors. Finally, we note that no evidence is found for any statistically significant dependence of this zero-point on metallicity.

This compilation is the fourth data release from the R-Process Alliance (RPA) search for r-process-enhanced stars and the second release based on "snapshot" high-resolution (R ∼ 30,000) spectra collected with the du Pont 2.5 m Telescope. In this data release, we propose a new delineation between the r-I and r-II stellar classes at $[\mathrm{Eu}/\mathrm{Fe}]=+0.7$ , instead of the empirically chosen $[\mathrm{Eu}/\mathrm{Fe}]=+1.0$ level previously in use, based on statistical tests of the complete set of RPA data released to date. We also statistically justify the minimum level of [Eu/Fe] for definition of the r-I stars, [Eu/Fe] &gt; +0.3. Redefining the separation between r-I and r-II stars will aid in the analysis of the possible progenitors of these two classes of stars and determine whether these signatures arise from separate astrophysical sources at all. Applying this redefinition to previous RPA data, the number of identified r-II and r-I stars changes to 51 and 121, respectively, from the initial set of data releases published thus far. In this data release, we identify 21 new r-II, 111 new r-I (plus 3 re-identified), and 7 new (plus 1 re-identified) limited-r stars out of a total of 232 target stars, resulting in a total sample of 72 new r-II stars, 232 new r-I stars, and 42 new limited-r stars identified by the RPA to date. <SUP>*</SUP> This paper includes data gathered with the 2.5 m du Pont telescope located at Las Campanas Observatory, Chile.

in a liquid crystal display device into which a phase difference film is incorporated on the color filter substrate side , the phase difference film can be formed more easily than the prior art . a pair of substrates and a liquid crystal display panel having a liquid crystal sandwiched between the above described pair of substrates are provided in such a manner that the above described liquid crystal display panel has a number of subpixels , each subpixel in the above described number of subpixels has a transmission portion and a reflection portion , and a first substrate from among the above described pair of substrates has : a light blocking film which is formed at least in a border between the above described transmission portion and the above described reflection portion and at least has a portion which surrounds only the above described reflection portion ; an orientation film for orienting the phase difference film formed on the above described light blocking film ; a phase difference film formed inside the portion surrounded by the above described light blocking film on the above described orientation film ; a color filter formed on the above described phase difference film ; and a flattened film formed on the above described color filter .

porous sintered bodies for capacitors formed from valve metals are treated by electrolysis to form a dielectric layer and coated with cathode layers . when standard parallelepiped shapes are used as they were passed , cathode coverage at the sharp corners and edges is non - uniform and failures occur at those locations . treating pressed anode bodies with an abrasive process alters the sharpness of corners and edges , creating rounded transitions between primary surfaces and remove surface imperfections resultant from the pressing process both of which enhance cathode layer uniformity .

a self contained portable negative pressure control system enclosure for protection from airborne asbestos particles and the like from a work space includes an enclosure formed of portable rigid door frames having spring doors and a weighted transom closure within that communicate with the work space to define multiple non - sealed decontamination chambers . the enclosure is used with a room divider or in an access doorway to the work space which is maintained in a negative air pressure by exhaust blowers equipped with hepa filters .

the present invention is directed to a process for the preparation of foam - containing polyurethane masses comprising reacting an isocyanate prepolymer containing cation groups with water in the presence of fillers . the isocyanate prepolymer is prepared by first i ) reacting a polyisocyanate with a first polyol which contains partly or completely quaternized tertiary nitrogen , said polyol being prepared by reacting a tertiary amine containing compound with from 3 to 8 moles of propylene oxide per mol of nitrogen to thereby form a semi - isocyanate prepolymer and then ii ) reacting said semi - isocyanate prepolymer with a second polyol different from said first polyol , to form said isocyanate prepolymer .

a voice radio communication system prioritizes radio voice communications so that higher priority voice transmission is given precedence . the communication system comprises a transmitter that inserts a digital watermark into a voice communication . software in a receiver decodes the digital watermark to determine a priority requested by the sender , and other information about the sender and the message . the software determines the message priority based on multiple factors . voice transmissions are digitally recorded and played in order of priority . options exist for the user to control the playback .

in an image stabilizing device or system of the kind having a shake detecting sensor which detects a shake of the device or system and is arranged to require a lapse of time before the sensor becomes capable of stably detecting the shake after the start of the sensor , and an image shake correcting member which performs an image shake correcting action according to the output of the shake detecting sensor , a control circuit is arranged to allow the image shake correcting member to commence its image shake correcting action according to the output of the shake detecting sensor after the lapse of a given period of time from the start of the operation of the shake detecting sensor , and a varying circuit is arranged to vary the given period of time . the length of waiting time necessary before the detecting sensor becomes capable of stably performing a shake detecting action is thus arranged to be variable according to the operating state of the device or system , so that an image stabilizing action can be accomplished as soon as possible .

a license acquisition method and apparatus for a drm - enabled mobile terminal is provided for acquiring licenses for multiple right - protected content items in a batch processing manner . the rights objects acquisition method for a mobile terminal supporting digital rights management according to the present invention includes attempting download of at least one acquisition - requested rights object , classifying the at least one acquisition - requested rights object into download - succeeded rights objects and download - failed rights objects , and outputting information on the downloaded - succeeded rights objects and download - failed rights objects .

Release Notes This release brings better support for spatio-temporal models as well as some updates for models on geographic coordinates. Installation You can install GSTools with conda: conda install -c conda-forge gstools or with pip: pip install gstools Documentation The documentation can be found at: https://gstools.readthedocs.io/ What's new? Enhancements added temporal flag to CovModel to explicitly specify spatio-temporal models #308 rotation between spatial and temporal dimension will be ignored added spatial_dim to CovModel to explicitly set spatial dimension for spatio-temporal models if not using spatial_dim, the provided dim needs to include the possible temporal dimension spatial_dim is always one less than field_dim for spatio-temporal models also works with latlon=True to have a spatio-temporal model with geographic coordinates all plotting routines respect this the Field class now has a temporal attribute which forwards the model attribute automatic variogram fitting in kriging classes for temporal=True and latlon=True will raise an error added geo_scale to CovModel to have a more consistent way to set the units of the model length scale for geographic coordinates #308 no need to use rescale for this anymore (was rather a hack) added gs.KM_SCALE which is the same as gs.EARTH_RADIUS for kilometer scaling added gs.DEGREE_SCALE for great circle distance in degrees added gs.RADIAN_SCALE for great circle distance in radians (default and previous behavior) yadrenko variogram respects this and assumes the great circle distances is given in the respective unit vario_estimate also has geo_scale now to control the units of the bins vario_estimate now forwards additional kwargs to standard_bins (bin_no, max_dist) #308 added low and high arguments to uniform transformation #310 Changes CovModels expect special arguments by keyword now #308 always use f-strings internally #283 removed verbose attribute from RandMeth classes #309 all arguments for RandMeth classes key-word-only now except model #309 rename "package" to "api" in doc structure #290 Bugfixes latex equations were not rendered correctly in docs #290

a groundwall insulation system for use in dynamoelectric machines carrying voltage above 4 kv , and preferably in the order of 13 . 8 kv , or higher has two layers of insulation wound onto the conductors of the high voltage winding . the first layer of insulation has a first permittivity that is greater then the permittivity of the second layer of insulation wound onto the first layer of insulation . as a consequence , at the juncture between the first and second layers there is a sharp increase in the electric field profile as seen through the groundwall insulation .

bug fixes updated demo

an improved trimaran is provided that includes a car - like steering configuration and interchangeable floats or pontoon supports to vary the width of the trimaran , depending on whether the user wishes to sail the trimaran or transport it to another location by for example , loading it on a trailer . the trimaran includes a main section , multiple floats , a sail assembly and a set of beams that are used to removably position the floats a certain distance from the main section . the set of beams include beams of different lengths that enable the user to choose a subset of the set of beams to construct a trimaran of varying width . the center section includes a centerboard assembly , steering assembly , cockpit area , bulkhead areas and mast receiving area . the controls for the centerboard assembly and steering assembly are centrally located in the front portion of the cockpit area and the cockpit area is positioned between the bulkhead areas .

&lt;p id="Par1"&gt;We review the channels of formation, the orbital and the spin evolution of neutron stars (NSs) in binary systems that lead to the formation of millisecond pulsars (MSP), in the context of the recycling scenario. The basics of binary evolution and the key concepts of angular momentum losses are given. After discussing the case of Cataclysmic Variables and long-period MSP binaries with a compact companion, we focus on the evolution of systems with a short orbital period and a low companion mass, in which the recycling phase can be caught `in the act'. Irradiation&lt;index-term id="ITerm1"&gt;&lt;term&gt;Irradiation&lt;/term&gt;&lt;/index-term&gt; of the companion by the NS (either in the accretion or in the radio MSP stage) plays a central role in the evolution of these systems, possibly causing cyclic LMXB stages which would help to explain the high positive &lt;alternatives&gt;Ṗorb\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document} {{\dot {P}}_{ {orb}}} \end{document}&lt;/alternatives&gt;'s of some LMXB systems, and account for the (apparently) different birthrates&lt;index-term id="ITerm2"&gt;&lt;term&gt;Birthrate&lt;/term&gt;&lt;/index-term&gt; of LMXB and MSP. Irradiation&lt;index-term id="ITerm3"&gt;&lt;term&gt;Irradiation&lt;/term&gt;&lt;/index-term&gt; by the MSP may also be able to drive the donor to a stage in which either radio-ejection&lt;index-term id="ITerm4"&gt;&lt;term&gt;Radio-ejection&lt;/term&gt;&lt;/index-term&gt; (in the redbacks) or mass loss due to the companion expansion, may govern the evolution to the black widow stage and to the final disruption of the companion.

an exposure apparatus for exposing an object to light . the apparatus includes a camera which captures an image of a mark on the object to obtain image data corresponding to the image , an extraction section which extracts an edge position in the image data obtained by differentiating the image data , a determination section which determines a position of the mark by comparing the extracted edge position with a template , and a control section which changes at least one of a parameter used by the extraction section and a parameter used by the determination section , based on a result of the comparing by the determination section . the object to be exposed is positioned based upon the position of the mark determined by the determination section .

method for carrying containers , such as bottles and the like , and a plant for its implementation . the containers being firstly uprightly oriented by positioning machines , and then alternatively loaded on housing members which move interfering with the outlet of the machines . thereafter performing a transfer of containers , from the members , within elements having a stable bottom , previously loaded on the members . finally the set of containers and elements proceed to be taken apart and move finally the sets to conveyor for its transfer to other machines for further treatments .

the disclosed embodiments relate to a system for generating forward error correction packets . the system includes a first fec encoder that receives data and encodes first fec data with the data to form fec encoded data . also included in the system is a second fec encoder that encodes the fec encoded data to produce second fec data . an fec packet formatter formats the second fec data into an fec packet .

an underreamer for connection with a rotary pipe string includes inner and outer body sections which form a body structure to provide a fluid flow path therethrough for communicating with piston and cylinder means formed between the body sections for receiving drilling fluid to effect telescopic movement between the body sections permitting engagement of cutter arms and support of said cutter arms on the outer body of the underreamer utilizing a slideable , non - pivoting stop block . cutter arms are pivotally mounted on the inner body section and , upon engagement of the cutter arms to effect underreaming are fully supported on the outer body section thereby minimizing damage from vibration and repeated use on the threaded inner body sections .

a homogeneous mixture of a base and a binder material or fiber that is compressed to form a mat or sheet of selected porosity . the binder material has at least a surface with a melting temperature lower than that of the base fiber . the sheet is formed into a selected geometric shape and thermally fused to bind the base fiber into a porous filter element . the preferred shape is a helically wound tube of plural sheets , each sheet being self - overlapped and compressed to overlap another sheet . each sheet preferably heated and compressed individually and the sheets may be selected to have different porosities and densities . the binder fiber is selected from the group consisting of thermoplastic and resin , and the base fiber is selected from the group consisting of thermoplastic and natural .

an improved fluidic oscillator , that operates on a pressurized liquid flowing through the oscillator to generate a liquid jet that flows into the surrounding environment to form of an oscillating spray of liquid droplets , includes : a member into which is fabricated a two - portion , flow channel , with this first portion configured so as to create the flow phenomena in the member that yields the spray &# 39 ; s oscillating nature , and wherein its second portion is configured so as to provide a plurality of throats by which the pressurized liquid exhausts into the surrounding environment .

attachment devices are described for attaching and locating overlapped anchor sheets while allowing for some relative movement as to expansion and contraction . generally , the devices are a male / female connection on corresponding sheets and expansion openings or apertures surrounding either the male or female part to provide for areas of flexibility to provide for possible movement of either the male or female part .

in combination a tiltable collapsible umbrella and a table , the umbrella collapsible into a storage member underneath the center of the table .

the present disclosure relates to a method for regulating a pump power of an optical amplifier , where a multiplexed broadband optical signal having several channels is amplified at a certain gain value while a change in power is detected at the input or output of the amplifier . a new pump power is calculated and adjusted based on a previously provided stable gain state of the optical amplifier after detecting the change in power such that deviations of the gain value remain minimal as planned temporary interface transients during a specific interval . the new pump power is thus calculated very accurately and quickly according to a model that takes into account the actual gain value , the wavelength dependence of active channels , aging effects , and non - linear amplification effects .

a rearview mirror for a motor vehicle comprises an internal frame supporting a reflective element and a motorized tilt actuator assembly for adjusting the reflective element about perpendicular axes . the reflective element is attached to the internal frame through a pivot connection . a positional memory module comprising a separate assembly is supported by the internal frame adjacent the pivot connection for electrically determining the horizontal and vertical tilt of the reflective element at a selected position as a change in voltage through a pair of simple electrical circuits . the reflective element can be returned to the selected position by adjusting the horizontal and vertical tilt of the reflective element according to the changes in voltage .

Vertical shear instability (VSI) is a hydrodynamical instability that requires rapid gas cooling and has been suggested to operate in outer regions of protoplanetary disks. VSI drives turbulence with strong vertical motions, which could regulate dust growth and settling. However, dust growth and settling can regulate the VSI because dust depletion makes gas cooling inefficient in outer disk regions that are optically thin to their own thermal emission. In this study, we quantify these potentially stabilizing effects of dust evolution on the VSI based on linear analysis. We construct a model for calculating the cooling timescale, taking into account dust growth beyond micron sizes and size-dependent settling. Combining the model with linear stability analysis, we map the region where the VSI operates, which we call the VSI zone, and estimate the maximum growth rate at each radial position. We find that dust growth, as well as settling, makes the VSI zone more confined around the midplane. This causes a decrease in the growth rate because the vertical shear of the rotation velocity, which is the source of the instability, is weaker at lower altitudes. In our default disk model with 0.01 solar masses, dust growth from 10 μm to 1 mm causes a decrease in the growth rate by a factor of more than 10. The suppression of VSI-driven turbulence by dust evolution may promote further dust evolution in the outer regions and also explain the high degree of dust settling observed in the disk around HL Tau.

a communication system is illustrated wherein the communication links include automatically reversible amplifiers with the termination means of two links closing a loop . upon failure of detection of a carrier signal in one of the links at the terminating end due to a break in that link , switches are automatically actuated to connect the momentarily unconnected portion of the broken link to the link that is still intact such that communication is restored in a new link configuration thereby accomplishing &# 34 ; fail - safe &# 34 ; operation without undue redundancy .

frozen taquitos are made on a commercial scale by preparing a flour - based tortilla dough , shaping that dough into generally circular tortillas , baking the tortillas , applying a strip of filling to each baked tortilla , rolling the baked tortilla around the filling to form a filled tortilla , coating the tortilla with batter , frying the batter - coated filled tortillas , and freezing them . to reconstitute , the frozen taquito can be heated in a microwave oven .

The Fermi satellite has detected ~ 60 radio galaxies (RGs). In this study, we investigate the difference in the properties of X-ray spectra between GeV-loud RGs and GeV-quiet RGs. Our sample comprises 68 objects: 36 RGs detected with Fermi and 32 RGs not detected with gamma-rays. We analyzed the X-ray spectra of these 68 objects using data from the XMM-Newton, Chandra, NuSTAR, and Swift satellites. Our results show that most GeV-loud RGs do not exhibit significant absorption, while $\sim \!50\%$ of the GeV-quiet RGs exhibit significant absorption. This suggests that the jet of GeV-loud RGs is viewed from a small angle, and thus the emission is not easily blocked by the torus. Moreover, we reported that RGs with a heavy absorption are mostly in the X-ray luminosity range of 10<SUP>43</SUP>-10<SUP>45</SUP> erg s<SUP>-1</SUP>; however, few RGs with lower and higher luminosity suffer from heavy absorption. This is the same trend as that of Seyfert galaxies.

a method for detonating a munition comprising the steps of providing a plurality of micro - detonators and microprocessors in said munition and initiating said micro - detonators in a predetermined sequence by means of said microprocessor . depending on the specific predetermined sequence which is selected , one of a variety of explosive modes may be achieved .

White-light flares are magnetically driven localized brightenings on the surfaces of stars. Their temporal, spectral, and statistical properties present a treasury of physical information about stellar magnetic fields. The spatial distributions of magnetic spots and associated flaring regions help constrain dynamo theories. Moreover, flares are thought to crucially affect the habitability of exoplanets that orbit these stars. Measuring the location of flares on stars other than the Sun is challenging due to the lack of spatial resolution. Here we present four fully convective stars observed with the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite that displayed large, long-duration flares in white-light which were modulated in brightness by the stars' fast rotation. This allowed us to determine the loci of these flares directly from the light curves. All four flares occurred at latitudes between 55° and 81°, far higher than typical solar flare latitudes. Our findings are evidence that strong magnetic fields tend to emerge close to the stellar rotational poles for fully convective stars, and suggest that the impact of flares on the habitability of exoplanets around small stars could be weaker than previously thought.

an integrated outlet guide vane assembly for turbomachinery typically includes at least one outlet guide vane and at least one bifurcation having a leading edge and a trailing edge . the turbomachinery has a central axis of rotation and a defined direction of rotation about the axis . the guide vane comprises an airfoil having a leading edge and a trailing edge and has a non - zero angle of lean in the direction of rotation and a non - zero sweep angle relative to a line perpendicular to the central axis . the leading edge of the bifurcation has a non - zero angle of lean in the direction of rotation and a non - zero sweep angle relative to a line perpendicular to the central axis . the trailing edge of the vane is faired into the leading edge of the bifurcation .

a zirconium - doped aluminum powder metal and a method of making this powder metal are disclosed . the method of making includes forming an aluminum — zirconium melt in which a zirconium content of the aluminum — zirconium melt is less than 2 . 0 percent by weight . the aluminum — zirconium melt then powderized to form a zirconium - doped aluminum powder metal . the powderization may occur by , for example , air atomization .

a method and apparatus are described for embedding information in digital cinema content , including accepting a scene from a digital cinema content file , selecting a scene object in the scene to be modified with the information , determining a characteristic for the selected scene object and generating a scene build based on the characteristic , wherein the characteristic is representative of the information . the method and apparatus further include time - stamping , compressing and storing the scene build . further , a method and apparatus are described for embedding forensic information in digital cinema content , accepting a digital cinema content file having therein a plurality of scene builds , accepting a forensic code and selecting a scene build from the digital cinema content file based on the forensic code . the scene build , having forensic information , is thereafter displayed .

there is disclosed a semiconductor integrated circuit device capable of eliminating an influence of a power voltage drop generated in a circuit disposed in the semiconductor integrated circuit device to inhibit an operation defect or an operation speed decrease of the circuit . in a semiconductor integrated circuit device 10 including a power wiring 18 connected to a power supply via a power terminal 12 , a ground wiring 20 connected to a ground via a ground terminal 14 , and a plurality of circuits 301 to 30 f connected in parallel with one another between the power wiring 18 and the ground wiring 20 , a negative power terminal 16 connected to a negative power supply is disposed , and a current source 22 is disposed as a current generating section between the negative power terminal 16 and a node gf on a ground wiring 20 side of the f - th circuit 30 f disposed in a region most distant from the ground .

an offset electrostatic printer is disclosed which comprises an ion modulated electrostatic print head for forming latent electrostatic images , a dielectric imaging member comprising a layer of dielectric material , means for developing a latent electrostatic image on the dielectric imaging member , means for transferring a developed electrostatic image from the dielectric imaging member to an image receiving surface , means for supplying a flow of heated air having a temperature in the range of from about 120 ° f . to about 200 ° f . , and means for directing the flow of heated air at , near or through the print head and at or near the dielectric imaging member . the flow of heated air reduces the accumulation of chemical deposits in the print head .

one embodiment of the present invention provides a system that facilitates establishing a quorum for a cluster of computers that are geographically distributed . the system operates by detecting a change in membership of the cluster . upon detecting the change , the system forms a potential new cluster by attempting to communicate with all other computers within the cluster . the system accumulates votes for each computer successfully contacted . the system also attempts to gain control of a quorum server located at a site separate from all computers within the cluster . if successful at gaining control , the system accumulates the quorum server &# 39 ; s votes as well . if the total of accumulated votes is a majority of the available votes , the system forms a new cluster from the potential new cluster .

a method and apparatus for stabilizing relatively high - dynamics devices mounted on a low - dynamics support such as a tank . movement of the low - dynamics support is determined by means of an inertial central sensor block that may comprise a strapdown set of gyros or gyros and accelerometers . stabilization is achieved by a two - step process in which the individual high - dynamics devices are stabilized with respect to the support by means of large bandwidth control loops . the much slower support movement is applied to a superposed loop of appropriately smaller band - width . compensation thereby takes place by specifying a reference value for the control loops of the higher - dynamics devices .

a communication apparatus includes : an attaching unit configured to attach , to an input frame to be processed in the communication apparatus , a frame identifier of the input frame and a band control correction value corresponding to the frame identifier and the output port ; a correction unit configured to correct an amount of data of the frame to be output to a network via the output port , based on the band control correction value ; a band control unit configured to control a band of each of the output ports , based on the amount of data of the frame corrected by the correction unit ; and an editing unit configured to edit , according to the frame identifier , a frame that the attached frame identifier and correction value thereof has been removed from and that has been band controlled , the edited frame being output to the network via the output port .

A package for modelling the Universe

a method for removing a vinyl halide , e . g . vinyl chloride , from a polyvinyl halide - containing slurry is disclosed . briefly , the method comprises counter - currently contacting the slurry with hot water .

a sliding safety device for use in ar - 15 style and type of semi - automatic rifles is disclosed . the sliding safety device having cylindrical end portions is configured to prevent the discharge of semi - automatic rifle when the device is in a “ safe ” position . additionally the invention includes the method of retrofitting the sliding safety device into the lower receiver of a semi - automatic style or type rifle after removal of the standard rotating safety selector device that has been in use since the inception of semi - automatic rifles of the ar - 15 style or type .

Recent IceCube results suggest that the first detection of very high energy astrophysical neutrinos have been accomplished. We consider these results at face value in a Galactic origin context. Emission scenarios from both the Fermi bubble and broader halo region are considered. We motivate that such an intensity of diffuse neutrino emission could be Galactic in origin if it is produced from an outflow into the halo region. This scenario requires cosmic ray transport within the outflow environment to be different to that inferred locally within the disk and that activity in the central part of the Galaxy accelerates cosmic rays to trans-"knee" energies before they escape into an outflow. The presence of a large reservoir of gas in a very extended halo around the Galaxy, recently inferred from x-ray observations, implies that the relatively modest acceleration power of 10<SUP>39</SUP> erg s<SUP>-1</SUP> in PeV energy cosmic rays may be sufficient to explain the observed neutrino flux. Such a luminosity is compatible with that required to explain the observed intensity of cosmic rays around the knee.

methods and apparatus are disclosed for removing undesirable volatile components having high boiling points from a product stream during polymerization of monovinyl aromatic compounds such as styrene , which methods include the use of partial condensers , devolatilizers , and filter beds .

We study the diffuse X-ray luminosity (L<SUB>X</SUB>) of star-forming galaxies using two-dimensional axisymmetric hydrodynamical simulations and analytical considerations of supernovae-(SNe-)driven galactic outflows. We find that the mass loading of the outflows, a crucial parameter for determining the X-ray luminosity, is constrained by the availability of gas in the central star-forming region, and a competition between cooling and expansion. We show that the allowed range of the mass loading factor can explain the observed scaling of L<SUB>X</SUB> with star formation rate (SFR) as {L}<SUB>{{X</SUB>}}\quad \propto SFR<SUP>2</SUP> for SFR ≳ \quad 1 {M}<SUB>⊙ </SUB> yr<SUP>-1</SUP>, and a flatter relation at low SFRs. We also show that the emission from the hot circumgalactic medium (CGM) in the halo of massive galaxies can explain the large scatter in the {L}<SUB>{{X</SUB>}}{--}{SFR} relation for low SFRs (≲few {M}<SUB>⊙ </SUB> yr<SUP>-1</SUP>). Our results suggest that galaxies with small SFRs and large diffuse X-ray luminosities are excellent candidates for the detection of the elusive CGM.

a modular appendage for a septic gallery has a first modular section for connection to a lateral side of the gallery with the first modular section having a number of apertures thereon . the first modular section has a first area . the lateral side of the septic gallery has a second area . the first area is greater than the second area for increased drainage and thus adds capacity to the gallery .

a precious - metal material for articles of jewelry and having low specific weight , high resistance to corrosion , in spite of a low content of precious metals , and free from toxic constituents which consists of 33 to 99 wt . % precious metal powder , 1 to 67 wt . % of a thermosetting organic plastics and 0 to 10 % filler .

an exemplary air filter may include an air - permeable filter body for cleaning air , and a filter housing for holding the filter body . the air filter may also include a clean - air port fluidically connected to the filter body and mechanically connected to the filter housing for attaching the air filter to a clean - air channel . the air filter may further include a first air - flow grid arranged in the clean - air port to stabilize the filtered air .

the invention relates to a method for reconstructing a 3d presentation of a hollow organ based on two - dimensional catheter images , comprising : detecting at least two fluoroscopy images at two different angles of the hollow organ ; determining a start position of the catheter from the fluoroscopy images in a three - dimensional model of the hollow organ or a catheter guide ; determining a probable withdrawal path of the catheter based on the three - dimensional model ; withdrawing the catheter while recording the catheter images and assigning a withdrawal length to each catheter image ; determining the deviation of the position of the catheter from a central path running through the middle of the hollow organ and the orientation of the catheter for each catheter image based on the withdrawal path and the withdrawal length ; and reconstructing the 3d presentation from the two - dimensional catheter images as well as the deviation of the position of the catheter .

The most general scalar-tensor theories of gravity predict a weakening of the gravitational force inside astrophysical bodies. There is a minimum mass for hydrogen burning in stars that is set by the interplay of plasma physics and the theory of gravity. We calculate this for alternative theories of gravity and find that it is always significantly larger than the general relativity prediction. The observation of several low mass red dwarf stars therefore rules out a large class of scalar-tensor gravity theories and places strong constraints on the cosmological parameters appearing in the effective field theory of dark energy.

a multistage rf amplifier amplifies rf signals used for communication in a wlan communications system . the multistage rf amplifier comprises a first amplifier circuit coupled to a second amplifier circuit to maximize amplification . a common mode of the first amplifier circuit is coupled to a common mode of the second amplifier circuit to provide a voltage offset . the voltage offset counters voltage changes due to oscillations in the first amplifier circuit , thereby reducing interference from the multistage rf amplifier .

a deception management system to detect attackers within a dynamically changing network of computer resources , including a deployment governor dynamically designating deception policies , each deception policy including names of non - existing web servers , and levels of diversity for planting the names of non - existing web servers in browser histories of web browsers within resources of the network , the levels of diversity specifying how densely the name of each non - existing web server is planted within resources of the network , a deception deployer dynamically planting the names of non - existing web servers in the browser histories of the web browsers in resources in the network , in accordance with the levels of diversity of the current deception policy , and a notification processor transmitting an alert to an administrator of the network in response to an attempt to access one of the non - existing web servers .

there are disclosed a printing method and apparatus which can prevent an overcoat layer formed on the surface of a printing medium for the purpose of protecting a printed image from being torn off or peeling from the printing medium so that an overcoat agent will not become a contaminant and stain a print in the printing apparatus , cause image print abnormality , or become fine or powder dust in the environment . this apparatus prints an image on a printing medium having perforations that allow easy cutoff of margin portions by applying ink to the printing medium across the perforations , and forms a protection layer on the printing medium on which the image has been formed by transferring a protection agent avoiding the perforation portions .

an optical text scanning device compatible with a small handheld computer such as a personal digital assistant . the scanning device allows for a clear view of the text that is scanned simultaneous to the scanning process so that the operator can continuously align the device to the text . the scanned images of the text are converted in real - time to standard byte or word characters for subsequent display on the computer &# 39 ; s viewing screen . the operator can quickly verify the accuracy of the conversion by comparing the displayed character with the actual character of text on the surface that is being scanned . scanned text characters are stored in standard digital text files for ease of manipulation .

a helmet for aircrew in a highly manueverable aircraft has six air bags which are inflated or deflated by a control system so as to counteract acceleration forces on the wearer &# 39 ; s head and helmet . two pairs of air bags engage the wearer &# 39 ; s body , and two bags engage the seat headrest so that restoring forces in yaw , pitch and lateral directions can be applied . a position sensor determines the actual position of the helmet which is compared with the predicted position , as derived from an inertial sensor or inputs from the aircraft flight control system , the difference between these two positions being used to control operation of the air bags . a memory module programmed with information about the behavior of the wearer &# 39 ; s head and helmet characterizes the control system to the particular wearer and is removable for use in other systems .

the present invention relates to the field of provisioning of electronic computing resources via a network to a client , and in particular to a method for automatically selecting resources in for application environments consisting of a multitude of resources , wherein a resource managing component is provided for associating specific , selected resource combinations to the application environment , wherein a list of qualifying working combinations of the resource combinations is maintained . in order to improve provisioning , it is proposed to automatically generate combinations of resources , wherein respective search algorithms look for new resources within a pool of free resources , assemble a combination of resources which fulfil a set of predetermined rules , test such given new combination in multiple level preciseness , and define a fail over situation differently to prior art , namely by providing a new resource combination which was already tested for the exact business application and the exact business process for which it was designed .

a method and apparatus for performing authentication in a communication system . the method includes the steps of detecting an unexpected authentication message , updating a counter value , comparing the counter value to a threshold value , and performing an encryption key update operation in response to the comparison between the counter value and the threshold value . the apparatus includes a base station , a switching center coupled to the base station , and an authentication center responsive to the switching center . the switching center detects an unexpected authentication message received by the base station . the authentication center updates a counter when the switching center detects the unexpected authentication message and compares the updated counter with a threshold value . the authentication center initiates an encryption key update operation when the updated counter value exceeds the threshold value .

the invention relates to a method for routing a message from a cell control to a mobile control of a radio network control equipment and vice versa . such methods are substantially known in the art for radio network controllers rncs . the present invention proposes a communication between functional entities of a distributed rnc enabling the routing of the message by using known protocols and reusing identifiers already known for these protocols .

styryl sulfone compounds of the invention selectively inhibit proliferation of tumor cells , and induce apoptosis of such tumor cells , while sparing normal cells . the compounds , which are useful in the treatment of cancer , have the formula ii : wherein n is zero or one ; r 1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen , chlorine , fluorine and bromine ; r 2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen , chlorine , fluorine , bromine , methyl and methoxy ; and r 3 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen , chlorine and fluorine ; provided , r 2 may not be methyl or methoxy when r 1 and r 3 are both hydrogen and n is zero or one ; and r 1 , r 2 and r 3 may not all be hydrogen when n is one , or the formula iii : wherein r 1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen , chlorine , fluorine and bromine or the formula iv : wherein r 1 is selected from the group consisting of fluorine and bromine , and r 2 is selected from the group consisting of 2 - chlorophenyl , 4 - chlorophenyl , 4 - fluorophenyl and 2 - nitrophenyl .

polymer hydrogels adapted for use as soft contact lenses are treated to provide at least on the surfaces thereof a modified , less hydrophilic polymeric structure inhibiting penetration by bacteria and proteins , whereby development of clouding and discoloration of the lens material is significantly retarded in use .

for a bidirectional data transfer between a system bus and a peripheral bus the two busses are connected to each other via a coupling device . the coupling device respectively has two means - specific temporary storage units for all peripheral devices connected to the peripheral bus .

an ionomer and a process for forming the ionomer such that the ionomer has low equivalent weight ; below 950 , preferably between 625 and 850 , and most preferably between about 700 and about 800 ; and high conductivity , . in an alternative embodiment , the ionomer has low equivalent weight ; below 950 , preferably between 625 and 850 , and most preferably between about 700 and about 800 ; and acceptably low hydration , . these ionomers are adapted to be processed into thin films that have acceptable physical stability . they are thus extremely well - suited for low humidity or high temperature fuel cell applications .

a smart belt system includes a belt having a plurality of holders for holding a plurality of devices including a firearm , a baton , and an electroshock weapon , a gps component disposed within the belt configured to track the location and movement of the belt , a microprocessor disposed within the belt , logic instructions executing by the microprocessor configured to monitor and regulate the activities of the plurality of devices and location and movement data generated by the gps component , a wireless data communications system wirelessly communicating with an external data communications system , a data storage component accessible by the microprocessor for storing activity data of the plurality of the devices and the location and movement data of the belt generated by the gps component .

a heat exchange apparatus is provided with an indirect evaporative heat exchange section . the indirect evaporative heat exchange section is comprised of a series of serpentine tubes , and an evaporative liquid is passed downwardly onto the indirect heat exchange section . the evaporative liquid is collected in a sump and then pumped upwardly to be distributed again across the indirect heat exchange section . an improved heat exchange apparatus is provided with an indirect evaporative heat exchange section consisting of a series of serpentine tubes comprised of tube runs both of normal and increased height between tube runs . a direct heat exchange section may be provided in the increased vertical spacing between tube runs .

a method for calibrating an adjustable frequency generator having a voltage - controlled oscillator which is preceded by a computer via a digital - to - analog converter . the control input of the oscillator is coupled to a calibrating device comprising a series circuit comprising a digital phase detector and a lowpass filter forming a phase - locked loop circuit arrangement . by the computer , a digital - to - analog converter is caused , upon a frequency reference value signal , to deliver a control voltage to the oscillator which corresponds to the output voltage of the lowpass filter prior to the start of the calibrating process . a digital value corresponding to the control voltage is stored in the computer together with a digital reference value corresponding to the given frequency .

a voice over internet protocol communications system , a method of managing a communications network in such a system and a program product therefore . the system / network includes an energy star aware softswitch and e - star compliant communications devices at system endpoints . the e - star aware softswitch allows e - star compliant communications devices to enter and remain in power saving mode . the e - star aware softswitch spools messages and forwards only selected messages to the devices in power saving mode . when the e - star compliant communications devices exit power saving mode , the e - star aware softswitch forwards spooled messages .

We present the results of long-baseline optical interferometry observations using the Precision Astronomical Visual Observations (PAVO) beam combiner at the Center for High Angular Resolution Astronomy (CHARA) Array to measure the angular sizes of three bright Kepler stars: θ Cygni, and both components of the binary system 16 Cygni. Supporting infrared observations were made with the Michigan Infrared Combiner (MIRC) and Classic beam combiner, also at the CHARA Array. We find limb-darkened angular diameters of 0.753 ± 0.009 mas for θ Cyg, 0.539 ± 0.007 mas for 16 Cyg A and 0.490 ± 0.006 mas for 16 Cyg B. The Kepler Mission has observed these stars with outstanding photometric precision, revealing the presence of solar-like oscillations. Due to the brightness of these stars the oscillations have exceptional signal-to-noise, allowing for detailed study through asteroseismology, and are well constrained by other observations. We have combined our interferometric diameters with Hipparcos parallaxes, spectrophotometric bolometric fluxes and the asteroseismic large frequency separation to measure linear radii (θ Cyg: 1.48 ± 0.02 R<SUB>⊙</SUB>, 16 Cyg A: 1.22 ± 0.02 R<SUB>⊙</SUB>, 16 Cyg B: 1.12 ± 0.02 R<SUB>⊙</SUB>), effective temperatures (θ Cyg: 6749 ± 44 K, 16 Cyg A: 5839 ± 42 K, 16 Cyg B: 5809 ± 39 K) and masses (θ Cyg: 1.37 ± 0.04 M<SUB>⊙</SUB>, 16 Cyg A: 1.07 ± 0.05 M<SUB>⊙</SUB>, 16 Cyg B: 1.05 ± 0.04 M<SUB>⊙</SUB>) for each star with very little model dependence. The measurements presented here will provide strong constraints for future stellar modelling efforts.

the present disclosure relates generally to microelectronic technology , and more specifically , to an apparatus used for the cooling of active electronic devices utilizing micro - channels or micro - trenches , and a technique for fabricating the same .

Ultrahigh-energy (UHE) cosmic rays (CRs) from distant sources interact with intergalactic radiation fields, leading to their spallation and attenuation. They are also deflected in intergalactic magnetic fields (IGMFs), particularly those associated with megaparsec-scale structures. These deflections extend the propagation times of CR particles, forming a magnetic horizon for each CR species. The cumulative cooling and interactions of a CR ensemble also modifies their spectral shape and composition observed on Earth. We construct a transport formulation to calculate the observed UHE CR spectral composition for four classes of source population. The effects on CR propagation brought about by IGMFs are modeled as scattering processes during transport, by centers associated with cosmic filaments. Our calculations demonstrate that IGMFs can have a marked effect on observed UHE CRs and that source population models are degenerate with IGMF properties. Interpretation of observations, including the endorsement or rejection of any particular source classes, thus needs careful consideration of the structural properties and evolution of IGMFs. Future observations providing tighter constraints on IGMF properties will significantly improve confidence in assessing UHE CR sources and their intrinsic CR production properties.

a method is provide for measuring electromagnetic radiation radiated from a surface of an object that is irradiated by electromagnetic radiation given off by at least one radiation source . the radiation given off by the radiation source is determined by at least one first detector , and the radiation given off by the irradiated object is determined by at least one second detector that measures the radiation . the radiation from the at least one radiation source is actively modulated with at least one characteristic parameter . the radiation determined by the second detector is corrected with the radiation determined by the first detector to compensate for the radiation of the radiation source reflected from the object .

a transfer control roller having individually adjustable surface portions is provided between a fountain roller and a succeeding ductor roller . the surface portions can be moved radially inwardly and outwardly to vary the content surface between the fountain roller and respective surface portions , thereby varying the amount of transferred ink or water .

the disclosure relates to antimicrobial peptides , pharmaceutical compositions comprising the peptides and to uses thereof for treatment or prevention of microbial , bacterial , fungal , viral and parasitic infection .

a fiber - optic probe which is useful for measuring raman spectra of samples remote from the light source and detector . the probe head contains optical components which selectively remove unwanted fluorescence and raman scattering arising from the interaction between the raman excitation source radiation and the input optical fiber . the optics also filter the raman excitation source into a return optical fiber leading to a spectrometer or detector . in one embodiment , the disposition of optical components provides a compact probe geometry with parallel input and output fibers at one end and a sampling port at the other end . an encasement for the optics is also disclosed , for sealing the components against the environment , and for coupling the probe to specialized sampling attachments , such as for conducting surface enhanced raman spectroscopy .

the present invention provides a lasting apparatus which is provided with an ejection device , which ejects blast media , and a recovery device , which sucks and recovers ejected and used blast media , on a traveling carriage , ejects the blast media to a surface to be treated by the ejection device while causing the traveling carriage to travel on the surface to be treated , and recovers the used blast media by the recovery device , and comprising : roughness measuring device that is provided at the traveling carriage and measures roughness of an uneven surface of the surface to be treated which is treated by ejection of the blast media ; and control unit which performs a feedback control of an ejection amount of the blast media , ejection pressure , ejection speed , an ejection air amount , a suction air amount by the recovery device , and a speed of the traveling carriage so that the roughness which is measured by the roughness measuring device is within a range of predetermined roughness .

the present invention provides a method and apparatus for data flow control . one embodiment detects input congestion and output starvation in a plurality of sub - buffers of a ripple fifo buffer . this embodiment is used to draw conclusions about the occupancy of the ripple fifo buffer under steady - state conditions . one embodiment detects input congestion and output starvation at every sub - buffer of the ripple fifo buffer . other embodiments detect input congestion and output starvation at a subset of the sub - buffers of the ripple fifo buffer . one embodiment determines occupancy of the ripple fifo buffer by the number of sub - buffers which report a steady congested state . another embodiment determines occupancy of the ripple fifo buffer by the number of sub - buffers which report a steady starved state . another embodiment determines occupancy of the ripple fifo buffer by the location of sub - buffers which report a steady congested state . another embodiment determines occupancy of the ripple fifo buffer by the location of sub - buffers which report a steady starved state . other embodiments determine occupancy of the ripple fifo buffer by a combination of the above methods .

pharmaceutically active substances are administered in aerosol form by applying to a mucosal surface of the body a composition comprising a medically effective amount of a pharmaceutically active substance , a biocompatible amphiphilac steroid and a bicompatible carbon propellant .