Datasets:

microsoft

/

ms_marco

like 107

[ "$2,500.00/eye" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "How much is the cost of cataract surgery? 1 On average, the physician services, facility services, and anesthesia services can cost anywhere from $3,000 to $5,500 per eye without health insurance. 1 A premium lens can cost upwards of $750 to $1,500 extra per eye. 2 AllAboutVision.com claims that the surgery without insurance averages $4,461.47, while those with Medicare and insurance can expect to pay anywhere from $528 to $947.", "1 Cataract surgery is covered by most health insurance plans. 2 Many patients who need cataract surgery are 65 or older, and Medicare covers cataract surgery. 3 For patients covered by insurance, typical out-of-pocket costs would consist of coinsurance of 10 to 20 percent or more -- or $1,000 or more for both eyes. 1 This typically costs $250 to $450 and usually is covered by insurance. 2 Cataract surgery generally is considered safe and effective. 3 However, risks include swelling of the retina, infection, new astigmatism, development of glaucoma and an increased risk of retinal detachment.", "1 A premium eye lens is going to cost more than a standard lens. 2 A premium lens can cost upwards of $750 to $1,500 extra per eye. 3 AllAboutVision.com claims that the surgery without insurance averages $4,461.47, while those with Medicare and insurance can expect to pay anywhere from $528 to $947. 1 A premium lens can cost upwards of $750 to $1,500 extra per eye. 2", "1 On average, the physician services, facility services, and anesthesia services can cost anywhere from $3,000 to $5,500 per eye without health insurance. 2 A premium eye lens is going to cost more than a standard lens. 3 A premium lens can cost upwards of $750 to $1,500 extra per eye. 1 A premium lens can cost upwards of $750 to $1,500 extra per eye. 2 AllAboutVision.com claims that the surgery without insurance averages $4,461.47, while those with Medicare and insurance can expect to pay anywhere from $528 to $947.", "Since it no longer requires days in the hospital, the cost of cataract surgery has decreased. According to a study by AllAboutVision.com, the average cost of cataract surgery in 2012 was $3,429 per eye. With many insurances, this price can lower to $500-600. There are some reasons you may be charged more, however. During the average cataract surgery, the surgeon implants an intraocular lens (IOL). ", "1 For patients not covered by health insurance, cataract surgery typically costs $5,000 to $10,000 per eye, for a total of $10,000 to $20,000 for both eyes. 2 For example, at Park Nicollet, a hospital in Minneapolis, Minn., it costs about $4,365 per eye -- a total of $8,730 for both eyes. 1 This typically costs $250 to $450 and usually is covered by insurance. 2 Cataract surgery generally is considered safe and effective. 3 However, risks include swelling of the retina, infection, new astigmatism, development of glaucoma and an increased risk of retinal detachment.", "1 Within five years after cataract surgery, one in four patients develop cloudiness on part of the lens capsule that remains in the eye after surgery; to correct this, a five-minute procedure, called YAG laser capsulotomy, is needed. 2 This typically costs $250 to $450 and usually is covered by insurance. 1 This typically costs $250 to $450 and usually is covered by insurance. 2 Cataract surgery generally is considered safe and effective. 3 However, risks include swelling of the retina, infection, new astigmatism, development of glaucoma and an increased risk of retinal detachment.", "The cost of cataract surgery depends on many variables, such as the type of procedure you have and the intraocular lens (IOL) implanted in your eye. The area where you live also can be a factor, depending on cost-of-living standards that help set the typical price of cataract surgery. 1 An average additional charge of $2,188 per eye for a premium, presbyopia-correcting IOL, if you already have Medicare coverage for basic cataract surgery costs. 2 An average additional charge of $607 per eye, if you need an extra surgical procedure to correct mild astigmatism." ], "url": [ "http://www.howmuchisit.org/cataract-surgery-cost/", "http://health.costhelper.com/cataract-surgery.html", "http://www.howmuchisit.org/cataract-surgery-cost/", "http://www.howmuchisit.org/cataract-surgery-cost/", "http://www.worthingtoneye.com/eye-blog/the-average-cost-of-cataract-surgery", "http://health.costhelper.com/cataract-surgery.html", "http://health.costhelper.com/cataract-surgery.html", "http://www.allaboutvision.com/conditions/cataract-surgery-cost.htm" ] }

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[ "An infant up to 3 months old has a normal body temperature range of 97 to 100." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Temperature / Fever. Normal axillary (under the arm) temperature ranges from 97.5 to 99.3 degrees Fahrenheit (36.5 to 37.4 degrees Celsius)*. Taking a rectal temperature. Normal rectal temperature is 100.2 degrees Fahrenheit or less (37.9 degrees Celsius or less)*. *These are the American Academy of Pediatrics recommended ranges. It is suggested that you discuss this with your baby's health care provider. You do not need to take your baby’s temperature on a regular basis. ", "Everyone knows that a normal human body temperature is 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit--except when it isn't. The 98.6-degree standard is nothing more than an average. Normal body temperature can vary from person to person and from situation to situation. For infants, the variation can be even bigger, because their small bodies cannot regulate temperature as well as adults can. According to the Canadian Paediatric Society, normal temperature for babies can range from 94.5 to 100.4, depending on the manner in which the temperature is measured. Temperature can also vary depending on time of day.", "If you want to, you can use a thermometer to give you a better idea of her temperature. Normal body temperature is between 36 degrees C and 37 degrees C, but this can vary by a few points of a degree from child to child. A fever is anything that is high for your baby. You don’t need to buy an expensive thermometer. ", "Most people think of a normal body temperature as an oral temperature of 98.6°F (37°C) . This is an average of normal body temperatures. Your temperature may actually be 1°F (0.6°C) or more above or below 98.6°F (37°C) . ", "Most doctors – and the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) — agree that a normal body temperature for a healthy baby is between 97 and 100.3 degrees Fahrenheit. If your baby's rectal temperature is 100.4 degrees or higher, he has a fever. Definition of baby fever. Kiss or touch your baby's forehead. If you think he feels hotter than normal, you're probably right. A higher-than-normal body temperature is called a fever. A fever is usually a sign that the body is waging a war against infection. Taking your baby's temperature can confirm your suspicions and help you and your child's doctor figure out the best way to get your baby back on the road to health", "Most doctors – and the American Academy of Pediatrics – agree that a normal body temperature for a healthy child is between 97 and 100.4 degrees Fahrenheit (36 to 38 degrees Celsius). ", "A baby’s temperature is no different. According to the American Academy of Pediatrics, normal body temperature for a health baby ranges between 97 degrees and 100.4 degrees Fahrenheit (36 degrees to 38 degrees Celsius). A rectal temperature reading above this range indicates a fever", "In infants from birth to 3 months old, an abnormal temperature--either too low or too high--can be a sign of something serious. A baby with a low body temperature may have a serious infection, according to MedlinePlus.com, and an infant with a fever requires an immediate call to the doctor. Photo Credit baby image by Dron from Fotolia.com. An infant up to 3 months old has a normal body temperature range of 97 to 100.4 degrees Fahrenheit, 36 to 38 degrees Celsius, according to the American Academy of Pediatrics. Temperatures both higher and lower than this range are a cause for concern." ], "url": [ "http://www.babies.sutterhealth.org/afterthebirth/newborn/nb_fever.html", "http://www.ehow.com/about_5063083_normal-body-temperature-infant_.html", "http://www.babycentre.co.uk/a84/fever", "http://www.webmd.com/first-aid/body-temperature", "http://www.babycenter.com/0_fever-in-babies_84.bc", "http://www.babycenter.com/0_fever-in-toddlers_11430.bc", "http://www.modernmom.com/2c2371d2-051f-11e2-9d62-404062497d7e.html", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/224545-normal-body-temperature-for-infants/" ] }

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[ "1 to 2 year without any degree", "It generally takes 1 to 2 years to become an LPN without an academic degree." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The length of time it takes to become a nurse depends on what nursing degree you will study and the course load you want to take. It generally takes 1 to 2 years to become an LPN without an academic degree. An Associate’s Degree in Nursing generally takes 2 to 3 years. A Bachelor’s degree takes between 4 to 5 years. There are RN to BSN Programs and they generally take 2 to 3 years to complete. There are also Fast Track Nursing Programs, which are available for students with a Bachelor’s degree who want to become a nurse, and they take anywhere from 12 to 18 months.", "If you enroll in a full-time licensed practical nurse (LPN) training program, you may be prepared and qualified to take your licensing exam in as little as 9-12 months. These programs are available from many community colleges, vocational schools, and universities, and they may range from 43-78 credit hours.", "The amount of time it takes to get an LPN certification depends on whether or not you have graduated from high school. To enter into an LPN program, a student must first earn a high school diploma or receive a high school equivalency diploma such as a GED.", "An LPN is a licensed practical nurse, and that is a...one of the nursing fields. An LPN degree usually requires about a year of training. Some of these programs are as much as two years, but most are about a year. An LPN would probably make somewhere on the order of 12 to 15 dollars an hour, up to about $30,000 a year.", "Education. If you enroll in a full-time licensed practical nurse (LPN) training program, you may be prepared and qualified to take your licensing exam in as little as 9-12 months. These programs are available from many community colleges, vocational schools, and universities, and they may range from 43-78 credit hours." ], "url": [ "http://www.lpn.com/how-long-does-it-take-to-become-a-nurse-2/", "http://learn.org/articles/How_Long_Does_it_Take_to_Become_a_Licensed_Practical_Nurse_LPN.html", "http://woman.thenest.com/long-lpn-degree-1911.html", "http://www.ehow.com/video_4754646_how-long-does-become-lpn.html", "http://learn.org/articles/How_Long_Does_it_Take_to_Become_a_Licensed_Practical_Nurse_LPN.html" ] }

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[ "One to eight weeks." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "It takes about 1 week to heal a pulled muscle. You need to make sure that you put ice and heat on it every three to four hours. You can not do anything to your back or it will … turn worse. The time an injury takes to heal depends on how severe the injury is. However, it will usually take anywhere from a couple of days to several weeks. Keep cool compresses on … the area to reduce swelling as well as taking Ibuprofen. Also, use warm compresses to help with pain.", "Depending on the grade, pulled muscles can take one to eight weeks to heal. For the first 72 hours, apply ice, use elevation and, in consultation with a doctor, take anti-inflammatory medication. After 72 hours, use hot packs to bring blood into the muscle and provide nourishment, which accelerates healing. Treatment. For the first 72 hours, apply ice, use elevation and, in consultation with a doctor, take anti-inflammatory medication. After 72 hours, use hot packs to bring blood into the muscle and provide nourishment, which accelerates healing.", "You will know a muscle is pulled typically within 24 to 48 hours of the injury, as the area will become stiff, sore, you may experience loss of movement and muscle spasms, and bruising or swelling will often develop around the injured muscle. Pin It. A muscle pull (or strain) occurs when you twist, pull, or tear your muscle or tendon, the strong elastic cord that connects your muscle to the bone. As we age we are more susceptible to muscle pulls.", "People often times confuse the terms strain and sprain.. A strain is an injury, a stretching, or even a tearing of what we call the muscular tenuous unit. The tendon and the muscle that attaches to it, when those are injured or torn, we call that a strain: s-t-r-a-i-n. ", "Healing occurs in roughly two weeks. Grade 2 Strain: This is a moderate strain. There is more with more damage to muscle fibers than grade 1, but the muscle is not completely ruptured. Healing occurs within three to six weeks. Grade 3 Strain: This is a complete rupture of the muscle, which is far more serious of an injury than a grade 1 or 2. The healing period can take up to three months. ", "Happily, a groin pull will usually heal on its own. You just need to give it some time and rest. To speed the healing, you can: 1 Ice the inside of your thigh to reduce pain and swelling. 2 Experts recommend doing it for 20 to 30 minutes every 3 to 4 hours for 2 to 3 days, or until the pain is gone. 3 Compress your thigh using an elastic bandage or tape. 4 Take anti-inflammatory painkillers. 1", "Healing Time. The length of time it takes a pulled chest muscle to heal depends on the severity and the kind of treatments applied. Expect a mild strain to become symptom-free after a week or two of treatment. ", "A muscle strain (or pulled muscle) is an overstretched or torn muscle. Back strain is the most common cause of back pain, especially lower back pain. Muscle strain is often caused by overuse of a muscle or overloading a muscle. When a muscle is stressed beyond its limits, injury occurs. Relief from pain and inflammation from pulled back muscles / ligaments can be obtained by applying ice to the injury (wrap ice in cloth-do not apply ice directly to skin) for 15 to 20 minutes every 4 hours for two or three days. The cold helps reduce pain and inflammation and is also a distraction from the back pain." ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_long_does_a_pulled_shoulder_muscle_take_to_heal", "http://www.ehow.com/facts_5007338_long-does-heal-pulled-muscle.html", "http://www.activebeat.co/your-health/10-ways-to-help-heal-pulled-muscles/", "http://abcnews.go.com/Health/MensHealthQuestions/story?id=7927731", "http://www.everydayhealth.com/fitness/ask-jillian-how-long-should-i-wait-to-work-out-after-a-muscle-strain.aspx", "http://www.webmd.com/fitness-exercise/groin-pull", "http://www.ehow.com/way_5666390_long-heal-pulled-chest-muscle_.html", "http://www.bigbackpain.com/muscle-injuries.html" ] }

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[ "Mating between a double hetero zygote and a homo zygote." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "backcross. in experimental genetics, union between a heterozygote of the first generation and one of its parents or an organism genetically identical to one of its parents. double backcross the mating between a double heterozygote and a homozygote.", "It shows how greatly varied the coat types are in a second generation hybrid. The first generation poodle-wolf hybrid-uniform coats. The second generation poodle-wolf hybrid-varied coats. A second generation backcross pup (F2B) is the result of a Goldendoodle (F1) bred to a Goldendoodle backcross (F1b). Although three generations in the making, F2Bs are technically second generation dogs. A second generation Goldendoodle (F2) is the result of a Goldendoodle bred to a Goldendoodle-and there are very few of these actually bred as the second generation hybrid is genetically the most varied generation possible.", "In plants, inbred backcross lines (IBLs) refers to lines (i.e. populations) of plants derived from the repeated backcrossing of a line with artificially recombinant DNA with the wild type, operating some kind of selection that can be phenotypical or through a molecular marker (for the production of introgression lines). 1 If the recurrent parent is an elite genotype, at the end of the backcrossing programme an elite genotype is recovered. 2 As there is no new recombination, the elite combination is not lost.", "When a Golden Retriever is crossed with a Poodle, it is called an F1 cross (first generation hybrid), or an F1 Goldendoodle. These dogs are 50% Golden Retriever and 50% Poodle. The coat will vary between looking like a wavy coated retriever to a relaxed-curl poodle. This cross has a typical shaggy-dog look. A Goldendoodle is the dog born of a cross between a Golden Retriever and a Poodle. A Double Doodle is the cross between a Goldendoodle and a Labradoodle (Labradoodles are a cross between a Labrador and a Poodle). They are also known as North American Retrievers.", "double back cross. Definitions: 1. a mating that is a back cross at each of two loci of interest; of special value and importance in linkage analysis. The definition information for double back cross is provided by Stedman's. You can search our medical dictionary here. ", "Backcrossing is a crossing of a hybrid with one of its parents or an individual genetically similar to its parent, in order to achieve offspring with a genetic identity which is closer to that of the parent. It is used in horticulture, animal breeding and in production of gene knockout organisms. 1 If the recurrent parent is an elite genotype, at the end of the backcrossing programme an elite genotype is recovered. 2 As there is no new recombination, the elite combination is not lost.", "1. backcross-mate a hybrid of the first generation with one of its parents. crossbreed, hybridise, hybridize, interbreed, cross-breed animals or plants using parents of different races and varieties; cross a horse and a donkey; Mendel tried crossbreeding; these species do not interbreed. 1 Facebook. ", "From a genetic standpoint a backcross pup is a first generation cross. As breeders are breeding towards nonshedding and allergy friendliness, a backcross Goldendoodle is generally the product of a Goldendoodle bred to a Poodle. A second generation Goldendoodle (F2) is the result of a Goldendoodle bred to a Goldendoodle-and there are very few of these actually bred as the second generation hybrid is genetically the most varied generation possible.", "An Australian Double Doodle or an Australian Goldendoodle is the cross between a Goldendoodle and an Australian Labradoodle (an Australian Labradoodle is the cross between a Labrador, Poodle, and in some cases English and American Cocker Spaniels, Irish Water Spaniels, and Soft Coated Wheaten Terriers). A Goldendoodle is the dog born of a cross between a Golden Retriever and a Poodle. A Double Doodle is the cross between a Goldendoodle and a Labradoodle (Labradoodles are a cross between a Labrador and a Poodle). They are also known as North American Retrievers.", "backcross. in experimental genetics, union between a heterozygote of the first generation and one of its parents or an organism genetically identical to one of its parents. double backcross the mating between a double heterozygote and a homozygote." ], "url": [ "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/backcross", "http://www.goldendoodles.com/faqs/generations.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backcrossing", "http://aspenhilldoodles.com/Goldendoodles.htm", "http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=21484", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backcrossing", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/double+backcross", "http://www.goldendoodles.com/faqs/generations.htm", "http://aspenhilldoodles.com/Goldendoodles.htm", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/double+backcross" ] }

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[ "It help to break down ingested protein into individual amino acids. The amino acids are then absorbed by the body to maintain and repair damaged cells, muscle tissue, and organs." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Report Abuse. Aminogen is a natural product that helps your body absorb protein that is in your diet. People consume lots of protein but their body doesn't absorb it properly which can lead to constipation much like a lack of fiber in your diet. visit http://www.nowingoodhealth.com. Source(s): I am a wellness coach. A natural, plant-derived enzyme, Aminogen is ideal for increasing lean body mass and strength and promoting deep muscle recovery. And Aminogen does all this while supporting protein digestion and reducing or eliminating the gas, bloating and constipation protein can sometimes cause.", "Aminogen latches onto foods that contain amino acids as they are being digested. Aminogen then ensures that those amino acids, which are used to create protein, are absorbed correctly into the body. The problem is, none of this actually explains what Aminogen actually is. Simply put, it is essential to the function of the human body. However, no matter how much protein you take, the body can only absorb so much of it, and this is where Aminogen is supposed to come in. Supposedly, Aminogen helps your body to absorb more of the protein that you ingest.", "The patented ingredient Aminogen, owned by Triarco Industries, is added to high quality protein powders and other products to increase protein absorption and amino acid levels. [1]. The digestive proteases in Aminogen help break down ingested protein into individual amino acids. The amino acids are then absorbed by the body to maintain and repair damaged cells, muscle tissue, and organs.", "Aminogen is a special patented protein-digesting enzyme blend that can help you get the most out of your whey protein while eliminating any bloating or constipation. High protein diets have become increasingly popular among people looking to increase or maintain lean muscle mass while decreasing body fat. Another benefit of Aminogen is that it reduces some of the gas, bloating, cramping and/or constipation that can occur when some people eat a higher protein diet and include whey protein products. As some people know, this protein “gassiness” is not a pleasant side effect, so Aminogen is a sought-after addition.", "Aminogen is a blend of digestive proteases (enzymes) developed from two fungal strands, Aspergillus niger and aspergillus oryzae. Both are commonly used in industrial food fermentation processes for their ability to break down protein. The digestive proteases in Aminogen help break down ingested protein into individual amino acids. The amino acids are then absorbed by the body to maintain and repair damaged cells, muscle tissue, and organs.", "Aminogen is a natural product that helps your body absorb protein that is in your diet. People consume lots of protein but their body doesn't absorb it properly which can lead to constipation much like a lack of fiber in your diet. visit http://www.nowingoodhealth.com. A natural, plant-derived enzyme, Aminogen is ideal for increasing lean body mass and strength and promoting deep muscle recovery. And Aminogen does all this while supporting protein digestion and reducing or eliminating the gas, bloating and constipation protein can sometimes cause.", "Aminogen allows the body to use more of the protein in your protein supplement. By using more protein, less protein needs to be excreted. Gastrointestinal discomfort is thereby reduced, and you can see more results. The digestive proteases in Aminogen help break down ingested protein into individual amino acids. The amino acids are then absorbed by the body to maintain and repair damaged cells, muscle tissue, and organs.", "Aminogen is a chemical compound found in many different supplements, produced by multiple manufacturers. It is a patented enzyme combination which works with amino acids in the body to enhance their absorption and aid the process of digestion. Instead of having to purchase amino acids, taking this product helps to ensure the absorption of more protein and amino acids from the foods already eaten. It works best when combined with a high protein diet, so it should not be used with normal diets and is more suited for a body builder or an athlete.", "Aminogen and What it is. According to companies that use Aminogen in their supplement product, Aminogen is a compound that allows for the complete absorption of protein in the body. If you are an athlete, and perhaps even if you aren’t, you know that there are multiple benefits to protein. Simply put, it is essential to the function of the human body. However, no matter how much protein you take, the body can only absorb so much of it, and this is where Aminogen is supposed to come in. Supposedly, Aminogen helps your body to absorb more of the protein that you ingest." ], "url": [ "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080927213047AAe8UCt", "https://www.exercise.com/supplements/aminogen", "http://www.xpisupplements.com/what-is-aminogen/", "http://www.getprograde.com/protein-powders-and-aminogen.html", "http://www.xpisupplements.com/what-is-aminogen/", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080927213047AAe8UCt", "http://www.xpisupplements.com/what-is-aminogen/", "http://www.dietspotlight.com/aminogen-review/", "https://www.exercise.com/supplements/aminogen" ] }

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[ "15 minutes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "August 14, 2015 - A rat 's ribs are hinged at the spine, enabling it to easily squeeze through the tightest spaces—like the pipes draining your toilet. And rats are great swimmers too; they can hold their breath for up to three minutes. See how quickly a rat can go from the city streets to your bathroom. ", "The average person can hold there breath for about 30 to 40 seconds, not that long uh. But some people mainly free divers who have been diving for a long period of time their … lungs and heart have expanded and got used to holding their breath for longer times. Plus, when they are resting motionless or sleeping, they can hold their breath for several hours at a time. This is due to the lack of activity, and stress while they are sleeping. The more activity and stress they experience the more often they must breath.", "Special properties of an oxygen-binding protein in the muscles of marine mammals, such as seals, whales and dolphins, are the reason these animals can hold their breath underwater for long periods of time, according to a new study. Many of these mammalian divers can hold their breath underwater for over an hour, while land-based mammals, such as humans, can only do so for a few minutes at most.", "1 Some snakes can hold their breath underwater for up to 30 minutes. 2 In 1992 a snake fatality occurred when a person was trying to kill a snake, perhaps believing it could not effectively bite him underwater. 3 It could. 1 Snakes can and do come out at night. 2 On very hot days, many snakes will avoid the heat and emerge in the evening. 3 Some snakes can hold their breath underwater for up to 30 minutes. 4", "The average person can hold there breath for about 30 to 40 seconds, not that long uh. But some people mainly free divers who have been diving for a long period of time their … lungs and heart have expanded and got used to holding their breath for longer times. There was a case in NYC which a man for the Guinness Records held his breath for 15 minutes. 48 people found this useful.", "With the benefit of breathing pure oxygen first, the current Guinness World Record for holding your breath underwater is held by Ricardo Bahia of Brazil at a whopping 20 minutes 21 seconds! Most people in good health can hold their breath for approximately two minutes. Thanks for telling us how long you can hold your breath under water-that sure is a long time! PHEW! We think it's incredible to learn about the world record for the longest amount of time underwater! We think it's cool, but not cool enough to try holding our breath that long without adult supervision! Safety first!", "The time it takes them to completely exhale, and then inhale fresh air, is only one to three seconds. Plus, when they are resting motionless or sleeping, they can hold their breath for several hours at a time. This is due to the lack of activity, and stress while they are sleeping. But some people mainly free divers who have been diving for a long period of time their … lungs and heart have expanded and got used to holding their breath for longer times. There was a case in NYC which a man for the Guinness Records held his breath for 15 minutes. 48 people found this useful.", "How long can a rat hold its breath under water. Rats can swim 1/2 mil in open sea a& tread water for 3 days. They can dive 100' underwater & hold their breath for as long as 15 min. ", "Swimming: Rats can swim 1/2 mile in open sea and tread water for 3 days. They can dive 100 feet underwater and hold their breath for as long as 15 minutes. Warren Culture: Pack size can range from 15 to 220 individuals. One dominant male rat lives with a harem of several female rats. ", "Hi, Wonderopolis! I can hold my breath for 1 minute and 15 seconds. I can't imagine somebody holding their breath for 11 minutes!! That is crazy! Me and my family are going to see Despicable me 2 either tomorrow or the next day. Thanks for telling us how long you can hold your breath under water-that sure is a long time! PHEW! We think it's incredible to learn about the world record for the longest amount of time underwater! We think it's cool, but not cool enough to try holding our breath that long without adult supervision! Safety first!" ], "url": [ "http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/news/150811-rats-toilet-swimming-vin", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_long_could_a_muskrat_hold_their_breath_under_water", "http://blogs.voanews.com/science-world/2013/06/14/scientists-discover-how-marine-mammals-hold-their-breath-for-long-periods/", "http://snakeprotex.com.au/uncategorized/snake-facts-which-you-probably-didnt-know", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_long_can_rats_hold_their_breath_under_water", "http://wonderopolis.org/wonder/how-long-can-you-hold-your-breath-underwater/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_long_can_rats_hold_their_breath_under_water", "http://www.kgbanswers.com/how-long-can-a-rat-hold-its-breath-under-water/18989355", "http://www.terrierman.com/aboutrats.htm", "http://wonderopolis.org/wonder/how-long-can-you-hold-your-breath-underwater/" ] }

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[ "An amount of funds in an income trust that may be transferred to the unit holders is called distributed The income is usually accumulated to be reinvested to the business is called undistributed." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Definition. An amount of funds in an income trust that may be transferred to the unit holders. Can also be used in reference to estate trusts in that it is the maximum taxable amount of income to be distributed from that trust to the receiving beneficiary.", "How Prop. Regs. on the Definition of Income Affect Total Return Trusts. Before using total return trusts, practitioners should carefully analyze the tax consequences, and should consider the impact of new Proposed Regulations that revise the definition of trust income. LAURA HOWELL-SMITH, J.D., LL.M. For example, a state law that provides for the income beneficiary to receive each year a unitrust amount of between 3% and 5% of the annual FMV of the trust assets is a reasonable apportionment of the total return of the trust. Prop.", "Definition. Profits generated by a company that are not distributed to stockholders (shareholders) as dividends but are either reinvested in the business or kept as a reserve for specific objectives (such as to pay off a debt or purchase a capital asset). Retained earnings are reduced by losses, and are also called accumulated earnings, accumulated profit, accumulated income, accumulated surplus, earned surplus, undistributed earnings, or undivided profits.", "The trustee did not file a U.S. income tax return for the taxable year 1963. The distributable net income of the trust before distributions to the beneficiary for 1963 is $60,000 ($57,000 of which is cash). During 1963 the trustee made distributions to the U.S. beneficiary equaling one-half of the trust's distributable net income or $30,000. 26 CFR Part 1. This document provides a notice of public hearing on proposed regulations that provide guidance regarding when a foreign insurance company's income is excluded from the definition of passive income under section 1297(b)(2)(B).", "Definition. The amount of earnings, after paying dividends, which a corporation has not paid out to stockholders. The income is usually accumulated to be reinvested to the business. Also called undistributed net earnings and retained earnings. URL to this page: http://www.investorwords.com/19239/undistributed_net_income.html. Copyright © 2015 by WebFinance, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Reproduction of all or part of this glossary, in any format, without the written consent of WebFinance, Inc. is prohibited.", "The amount of earnings, after paying dividends, which a corporation has not paid out to stockholders. The income is usually accumulated to be reinvested to the business. URL to this page: http://www.investorwords.com/19239/undistributed_net_income.html. Copyright © 2015 by WebFinance, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Reproduction of all or part of this glossary, in any format, without the written consent of WebFinance, Inc. is prohibited.", "(1) The amount of income required to be distributed currently and any other amounts properly paid or credited or required to be distributed to beneficiaries in the taxable year as specified in paragraphs (1) and (2) ofsection 661(a), and. (2) The amount of taxes imposed on the trust, as defined in§ 1.665(d)-1. 26 CFR Part 1. This document provides a notice of public hearing on proposed regulations that provide guidance regarding when a foreign insurance company's income is excluded from the definition of passive income under section 1297(b)(2)(B).", "Most earnings retained are re-invested into the company's operations. Year-on-year tracking of the ratio of undistributed profits to dividends is important to fundamental analysis to investigate whether a company is increasing or decreasing its rate of re-investment. Undistributed profits form part of a company's equity, and are owned by shareholders. They are also called retained earnings, accumulated profits, undivided profits, and earned surplus.", "Key Terms. A special account is used to track undistributed earnings of an S corporation that have been taxed to shareholders previously. Distributions from this account, known as the accumulated adjustments account (AAA), are tax-free. The amount of any distribution to an S corporation shareholder is equal to the cash plus the fair market value of any other property distributed. How the distribution is taxed depends upon whether the S corporation has C corporation accumulated earnings and profits (AEP, described in Chapter 19).", "One option is to create two separate accounts for the profits, one they can use to distribute the profits and another that will not be distributable. In other words, you can withdraw money from one of the accounts, and from the other you cannot. Both of these accounts are known as reserves in accounting. At the point in time when the management decide they want to pay themselves with some of the profits, they take money out of the distributable profits account." ], "url": [ "http://www.investorwords.com/18092/distributable_net_income_DNI.html", "http://www.leimberg.com/freeResources/truArticles/definitionOfIncome.html", "http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/retained-earnings.html", "https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/26/1.665(a)-1", "http://www.investorwords.com/19239/undistributed_net_income.html", "http://www.investorwords.com/19239/undistributed_net_income.html", "https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/26/1.665(a)-1", "http://financial-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/undistributed+profits", "http://www.cengage.com/resource_uploads/static_resources/0324304943/6698/Definitions-22.html", "http://www.accounting-basics-for-students.com/equity-distributed-and-undistributed-profits.html" ] }

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[ "Roast the pigeon for 15 minutes.Remove the bacon and cook the bird for an additional 10 to 20 minutes, or until the pigeon is golden brown." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Season the pigeon breasts with salt and freshly ground pepper and place on the hot griddle pan. Cook for just a few minutes on each side until cooked to your liking, then remove from the heat and set aside in a warm place for at least five minutes. 7. Cook the sauce until it is reduced by two thirds-this will take about 12-15 minutes. Season to taste, strain and keep warm. 4. Place the leeks in a saucepan of boiling, salted water and blanch for 10 seconds. With a pair of tongs, remove the leeks from the boiling water and plunge into a bowl of ice-cold water.", "Once the pigeon is cooked you must remove it from the oven and let it relax. This involves simply leaving it in a plate-warming oven for ten minutes. If you don’t have one of these ovens, a similar effect can be achieved by wrapping the piping hot bird in tin foil. When you roast the pigeon you need to make sure your preheated oven is set to a very high temperature. You may need to bear in mind that my ovens are commercial and hold their temperature better than a domestic appliance.", "5. Sit the bird breast-side up, transfer to a roasting tin and place in the oven. Roast for 10-12 minutes to achieve pink meat, or cook for a further 2-4 minutes for well-done (don’t forget to baste the bird halfway through). 6. The best pigeons for roasting are young birds. As squab (farmed) pigeon are never any older than 1 month old, it’s best to buy these, unless your game merchant can guarantee that wild birds being sold are young (younger wild birds tend to have paler flesh-also look out for birds with a good layer of fat under the skin).", "Once roasted, the sweet juices and crisp skin of a pigeon is absolutely unmissable-perfect for a rustic, gamey Sunday roast. Their petit size also means that diners get a whole bird to themselves-a thoroughly impressive touch. The best pigeons for roasting are young birds. As squab (farmed) pigeon are never any older than 1 month old, it’s best to buy these, unless your game merchant can guarantee that wild birds being sold are young (younger wild birds tend to have paler flesh-also look out for birds with a good layer of fat under the skin).", "Please try again later. First I pluck the pigeon,gut it and then cook the pigeon.The pigeon is roasted whole and served on a bed of celeriac mash with a port sauce.The whole process shown,filmed upclose and in HD. The best way to achieve perfect pink and tender pigeon,many thanks. ", "Wipe out the roasting pan. Let the pigeons rest for the 10 minutes or so this will take. When the oven is ready, put the pigeons into the roasting pan, breast side up. Roast for 10 minutes. Remove the pigeons from the oven and set on a cutting board. Turn off the oven, pour the vegetables back into the roasting pan, toss with the chopped parsley and set into the oven to re-warm and cook a bit further. Let the pigeons rest for 5 minutes before serving. Salt them well and pop them in the oven to roast. Take the pigeons out of the fridge when the veggies go into the oven. Let the pigeons come to room temperature for 30 minutes. Stir the root vegetables, which should be starting to get brown.", "Place the leeks in an ovenproof saucepan or baking sheet with a knob of butter. Transfer to the hot oven and cook until tender-this should take about 10-15 minutes. Heat a griddle pan until hot. Season the pigeon breasts with salt and freshly ground pepper and place on the hot griddle pan. Cook for just a few minutes on each side until cooked to your liking, then remove from the heat and set aside in a warm place for at least five minutes. For the mushrooms, heat a small frying pan", "Preheat the oven to 375 degrees Fahrenheit. Place a pat of butter inside the breast cavity of the pigeon, then wrap the pigeon with one or two slices of bacon. Place the pigeon on an oiled roasting rack with the breast facing up, then put the rack in a roasting pan. Roast the pigeon for 15 minutes. Remove the bacon and cook the bird for an additional 10 to 20 minutes, or until the pigeon is golden brown. Place the roasted pigeon on a serving plate and let it rest for at least three minutes before serving. Combine a small amount of olive oil or cooking oil, minced garlic and fresh herbs, such as thyme or rosemary. " ], "url": [ "https://uk.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20071110155319AACkH0E", "http://www.sportingshooter.co.uk/features/game-cooking/the_perfect_pigeon_1_1529649", "http://www.greatbritishchefs.com/how-to-cook/how-to-roast-a-whole-pigeon", "http://www.greatbritishchefs.com/how-to-cook/how-to-roast-a-whole-pigeon", "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PPH5U6goHDw", "http://honest-food.net/2014/12/22/roast-pigeon-recipe/", "http://www.bbc.co.uk/food/recipes/recipe135_83658", "http://www.ehow.com/how_12329487_cook-pigeons.html" ] }

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[ "The budgerigar (Melopsittacus undulatus) /ˈbʌdʒərɨɡɑr/ , also known as common pet parakeet or shell parakeet and informally nicknamed the budgie, is a small, long-tailed, seed-eating parrot.", "Budgie also known as common pet parakeet or shell parakeet and informally nicknamed the budgie, is a small, long-tailed, seed-eating parrot." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Many people own parakeets, or budgies, as they are one of the most popular pet birds. The name parakeet is an American term and is used to distinguish the smaller pet version from the larger Exhibition or English Budgie that is shown in many bird shows. Young budgies are also called Shell parakeets because of their markings on their faces.", "Answer: The truth is that Parakeets and Budgies are actually one in the same. The birds that we commonly call Parakeets in the USA are known as Budgerigars or Budgies to the rest of the world. While some may claim that Parakeets and Budgies are not the same, taxonomy makes no difference between the two. ", "A variety is separate from a budgies base color. They can occur on any color and are basically overlaid, so you would describe your budgie by its color and its variety. For example a wild budgie would be a Light Green (the colour) Normal (the variety), or you may have a Skyblue (the color) Opaline (the variety). ", "The budgerigar (Melopsittacus undulatus) /ˈbʌdʒərɨɡɑr/ , also known as common pet parakeet or shell parakeet and informally nicknamed the budgie, is a small, long-tailed, seed-eating parrot. The budgerigar is closely related to the lories and the fig parrots. They are one of the parakeet species, a non-taxonomical term that refers to any of a number of small parrots with long, flat and tapered tails. In both captivity and the wild, budgerigars breed opportunistically and in pairs.", "You won't believe these 10 facts about people. Although budgies are often called parakeets, they are actually birds of the species Melopsittacus Undulatus. The term parakeet is a generic label used to describe any small, parrot-like bird that has a long tail. Generally, the color of the cere — the fleshy area above its beak where its nostrils are — is the best indicator of a pet budgie's sex. A male budgie will typically have a blue cere or it may be pink or pinkish purple in color. A female budgie will usually have a brown, white, light beige, or a reddish cere", "A parakeet” is a very general term for a parrot with a slender body and a long tail. That said, while a budgie is a parakeet, a parakeet isn’t necessarily a budgie. While labeled as parakeets” in most pet stores, budgie” is short for budgerigar, which is the species’ true name. ", "We like to use “budgie” as a shortened version of “budgerigar”. In English, “budgerigar” or “budgie” is a more accurate name, because “parakeet” actually refers to a large group of small to medium sized parrot species. That’s right, budgies are actually small parrots! The best way to get a budgie that will become hand tame is to buy a baby (about 3 months old) that has either been hand fed or handled as a chick. He or she will already be at least somewhat hand tame! You are most likely to find this from a breeder, and most likely not to find this at a pet store.", "These lovely birds are mostly known as budgies, however, they can also be called budgerigar parakeets, just parakeets or grass parakeets, and in a more formal setting they are called budgerigars! Budgerigar is the most accurate name for these lovely little parrots, with budgie being the more relaxed, familiar name. And for those who are interested in such things, their scientific name is Melopsittacus undulates.", "The parakeet — also known as a budgie, which is short for Budgerigar. Budgies are the most popular pet parrot in the world. They are intelligent, lively, comical, affectionate, social, expressive, funny, entertaining little lovebugs. " ], "url": [ "http://www.boaf.com/article_2.htm", "http://birds.about.com/od/breedsofbirds/f/keetsandbudgies.htm", "http://www.budgie-info.com/budgie-varieties.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Budgerigar", "http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-budgie.htm", "http://www.birdchannel.com/bird-species/find-the-right-bird/pet-budgie-faq.aspx", "http://budgieplace.com/basic.html", "http://www.budgie-info.com/budgerigar-parakeet.html", "http://puppiesareprozac.com/budgie-parakeet/as-pets-faq/" ] }

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[ "Yes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "When I started using Retin-A under my eyes a few years ago I also experienced a worsening of my lines under my eyes. This phase lasted about 8 weeks. Once my undereye area grew accustomed to the Retin-A, my under eye area went back to looking like it always did before. Slowly after that, I started to see improvements.", "I've been using retin-a (500mcg) under my eyes as I've noticed fine wrinkles appearing under my lower eyelids and deep lines on my lower eyelids.", "I use it every night, except when my skin is peeling too much from use. Then I either switch to every other night, or put a moisturizer on first (incidentally, my dermatologist said the Retin-A should be put on first, under the moisturizer). I rarely ever get pimples in the areas I use the product.", "You may be having a problem because retin-a is not a spot treatment-if you are dabbing it under your eyes you may well be using too much. I spread retin-a and obaji blender all over face and neck and what is left on my fingers after that I put on eyes (top and bottom).", "When using Retin-A avoid exposure to sunlight or artificial UV rays (sunlamps or tanning beds). Retin-A can make your skin more sensitive to sunlight and sunburn may result.", "I used Retin A under my eyes to get rid of those blasted milia spots or whatever the hell they are. It didn't work and I think it made my dark circles worse. I am on Obagi now and my derm says that the products I'm using now CAN be applied to the undereye area, albeit sparingly. Don't bother with Retin-A - see a derm.", "Now that my eye area is used to Retin-A I can go without an eye cream or moisturizer if I want to. I use Retin-A every other night during the colder months including under my eyes because my skin is drier during the winter.", "Avoid getting Retin-A in your eyes, mouth, and nose, or on your lips. If it does get into any of these areas, wash with water. Do not use Retin-A on sunburned, windburned, dry, chapped, irritated, or broken skin. Also avoid using this medication in wounds or on areas of eczema.", "Hi Angela~ I wasn’t using the Retin-A under my eyes in this post, but after I got up to every night my skin was acclimated and I started putting it on under the eyes with no problems. So you can eventually put it there, just be careful at first." ], "url": [ "http://www.essentialdayspa.com/forum/viewthread.php?tid=33612", "http://messageboards.makemeheal.com/retinoids-vitamin/help-think-destroyed-eyes-t33567.html", "http://www.druglib.com/ratingsreviews/retin-a/", "http://messageboards.makemeheal.com/retinoids-vitamin/help-think-destroyed-eyes-t33567.html", "http://www.drugs.com/retin-a.html", "http://messageboards.makemeheal.com/retinoids-vitamin/help-think-destroyed-eyes-t33567.html", "http://www.essentialdayspa.com/forum/viewthread.php?tid=33612", "http://www.drugs.com/retin-a.html", "http://www.hotandflashy50.com/retin-update-results-51-year-old-skin-9-months/" ] }

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[ "Number of neutrons an atom has" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Isotopes are atoms of the same element (that is, with the same number of protons in their atomic nucleus), but having different numbers of neutrons. Most (66 of 94) naturally occurring elements have more than one stable isotope. Thus, for example, there are three main isotopes of carbon. The mass number of an element, A, is the number of nucleons (protons and neutrons) in the atomic nucleus. Different isotopes of a given element are distinguished by their mass numbers, which are conventionally written as a superscript on the left hand side of the atomic symbol (e.g., 238 U).", "We'll learn about what isotopes are and how to write atomic number and mass number in isotope notation. We talk about a simple analogy with cars to explain this tutorial. Isotopes are versions of an atom or an element that have the same number of protons, but different numbers of neutrons. Isotopes and isotope notation are particularly important in nuclear chemistry. ", "These different versions of hydrogen are called isotopes. All isotopes of a particular element have the same number of protons, but have a different number of neutrons. If you change the number of neutrons an atom has, you make an isotope of that element. Currently, scientists know of 118 different elements. Some, like gold, silver, copper and carbon, have been known for thousands of years.", "The number of nucleons (both protons and neutrons) in the nucleus is the atom's mass number, and each isotope of a given element has a different mass number. For example, carbon-12, carbon-13 and carbon-14 are three isotopes of the element carbon with mass numbers 12, 13 and 14 respectively. These 53 stable nuclides have an even number of protons and an odd number of neutrons. They are a minority in comparison to the even-even isotopes, which are about 3 times as numerous. Among the 41 even-Z elements that have a stable nuclide, only three elements (argon, cerium, and lead) have no even-odd stable nuclides.", "an isotope is an atom that is heavier or lighter than a normal atom of the same element. the number of protons is different. for example, carbon usually has an atomic mass of … 12: 6 protons, 6 neutrons. but in carbon 14 (an isotope of carbon), there are 6 protons and 8 neutrons. Atoms with the SAME number of protons/electrons but DIFFERENT numbers of neutrons are called isotopes. Now ALL chemical properties of an atom are determined by the number of electrons in it ONLY (which by definition is equal to the number of protons in the nucleus).", "(Answer #2). The atom is made up of three major particles. Protons and neutrons which make up the nucleus and electrons which surround the nucleus. It is the number of protons, or the atomic number, the one that makes an element what it is. If you change the number of protons, you no longer have that element. The other nuclear particle is the neutron. The mass number is a sum of the number of protons, or atomic number, and the number of neutrons. ", "Each isotope of an element has the same atomic number, but a different atomic mass. In carbon, 99 percent of the atoms are isotope carbon 12, and 1 percent are carbon 13. Both isotopes have six protons, but carbon 12 has six neutrons, while carbon 13 has seven. A substance made up of one kind of atom is an element. Gold is an element because it only contains gold atoms. Water is not an element because it contains hydrogen and oxygen atoms. Scientists list the elements by atomic number in the PERIODIC TABLE.", "Isotopes are variants of a particular chemical element which differ in neutron number, although all isotopes of a given element have the same number of protons in each atom. These 53 stable nuclides have an even number of protons and an odd number of neutrons. They are a minority in comparison to the even-even isotopes, which are about 3 times as numerous. Among the 41 even-Z elements that have a stable nuclide, only three elements (argon, cerium, and lead) have no even-odd stable nuclides.", "Each combination of an element with a different number of neutrons is called an isotope. Isotopes that are radioactive disintegrate or decay in a predictable way and at a specific rate to make other isotopes. The radioactive isotope is called the parent, and the isotope formed by the decay is called the daughter. ", "Part of the Computing fundamentals glossary: An isotope is a form of a chemical element whose atomic nucleus contains a specific number of neutron s, in addition to the number of proton s that uniquely defines the element. The nuclei of most atom s contain neutrons as well as protons. For any element, one of the isotopes is more abundant in nature than any of the others, although often multiple isotopes of a single element are mixed. The isotope of an element is defined by the nucleon number, which is the sum of the number of protons and the number of neutrons in the atomic nucleus." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_element", "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EboWeWmh5Pg", "http://education.jlab.org/qa/element.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotope", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_makes_an_atom_an_isotope", "http://www.enotes.com/homework-help/what-makes-isotopes-same-element-differ-from-each-162025", "http://www.factmonster.com/dk/encyclopedia/elements.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotope", "http://minerals.cr.usgs.gov/gips/na/radio.html", "http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/isotope" ] }

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[ "Age-related changes that occur as the jelly-like substance (vitreous) inside your eyes becomes more liquid. Microscopic fibers within the vitreous tend to clump and can cast tiny shadows on your retina, which appear to you as floaters." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Most eye floaters are caused by small flecks of a protein called collagen. The back compartment of the eye is filled with a gel-like substance called vitreous humor. As you age, the vitreous and its millions of fine collagen fibers shrink and become shred-like. Shreds can accumulate in the vitreous.", "Posterior uveitis, which can cause eye floaters, may be caused by infection or inflammatory diseases, among other ... tear may lead to retinal detachment — an accumulation of fluid behind the retina that causes it to ... Untreated retinal detachment can cause permanent vision loss. ...", "Most eye floaters are caused by age-related changes that occur as the jelly-like substance (vitreous) inside your eyes becomes more liquid. Microscopic fibers within the vitreous tend to clump and can cast tiny shadows on your retina, which appear to you as floaters.", "Causes of floaters. Floaters are caused by small pieces of debris that float in the vitreous humour of the eye. They occur behind the lens and in front of the retina. The lens is a small clear structure that focuses light as it enters the eye.", "New or different floaters may appear in your field of vision ... The doctor may use an instrument with a bright light and a special lens to examine the inside of your eyes. ... The silicone material indents the wall of the eye and relieves some of the force caused by the vitreous tugging on ...", "Floaters in the eye are usually caused by age, but eye injuries or serious vision-threatening conditions such as retinal holes, tears, or detachments can cause them. As we age, the vitreous humor (the jelly-like substance that fills the inner eye) begins to clump in certain areas.", "Eye floaters can appear as black or gray dots, lines, cobwebs, or blobs. Occasionally, a large floater may cast a shadow over your vision and cause a large, dark spot in your sight. Because the floaters are inside the fluid of your eye, they will move as your eyes move.", "Eye floaters can be clumpy or stringy; light or dark. They are caused by clumps of tissue embedded in the gel-like fluid (vitreous) in the back of the eye, which cast shadows on the retina when light enters the eye. Click on the image to see floaters in action.", "Age-related changes to the eye are the most common cause of eye floaters. The cornea and lens at the front of the eye focus light onto the retina at the back of the eye. As the light passes from the front of the eye to the back, it passes through the vitreous humor, a jelly-like substance inside your eyeball." ], "url": [ "http://www.webmd.com/eye-health/benign-eye-floaters", "http://www.lifescript.com/health/centers/rheumatoid_arthritis/s.aspx?query=what+causes+eye+floaters", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/eye-floaters/basics/definition/CON-20033061", "http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Floaters/Pages/Causes.aspx", "http://www.lifescript.com/health/centers/migraine/s.aspx?query=eye+floaters+causes", "http://www.eyehealthweb.com/eye-floaters/", "http://www.healthline.com/symptom/eye-floaters", "http://www.allaboutvision.com/conditions/spotsfloats.htm", "http://www.healthline.com/symptom/eye-floaters" ] }

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[ "Yes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "1 Promptly remove hard-cooked eggs from the cooking and cooling water. 2 Leaving them sitting underwater can foster bacteria growth. ( 3 If you peel any hard-cooked egg and the white feels slimy, it's a sign that bacteria have begun to grow, and the egg should be discarded.). 1 Once peeled, they should be used immediately. 2 Keep in mind that, like their raw counterparts, hard-cooked eggs can absorb flavors and odors from foods on neighboring refrigerator shelves. 3 It's best to keep smelly foods like onions and cheese in airtight containers.", "1 If you've cooked eggs with a week's worth of lunches in mind, leave them in the shell. 2 The shell is the best form of protection a hard-cooked egg has, says American Egg Board spokeswoman Linda Braun. 3 Stored dry and refrigerated, the eggs will keep for about 1 week. 1 Once peeled, they should be used immediately. 2 Keep in mind that, like their raw counterparts, hard-cooked eggs can absorb flavors and odors from foods on neighboring refrigerator shelves. 3 It's best to keep smelly foods like onions and cheese in airtight containers.", "Rating Newest Oldest. Best Answer: no eggs have salmonella in them and must be refrigerated or eaten that day Bacteria, if they are present at all, are most likely to be in the white and will be unable to grow, mostly due to lack of nutrients. As the egg ages, however, the white thins and the yolk membrane weakens. ", "No Follow. Refrigerate leftover hard-cooked eggs in the shell within two hours of cooking them and they should keep well for over one to one and a half weeks. It's best to place them in a container or plastic bag so they don't absorb refrigerator smells and flavors. Headline Clickable. Refrigerate leftover hard-cooked eggs in the shell within two hours of cooking them and they should keep well for over one to one and a half weeks.", "up vote 0 down vote. I've been cooking my eggs in a small round pan. To keep that shape, I'll cook 4 batches for 4 days at a time, then place them in fridge. Wake up, grab one round cooked egg, nuke in the microwave for 30 secs and it tastes great to me on a piece of Ezekiel bread. ", "1 Stored dry and refrigerated, the eggs will keep for about 1 week. 2 Once peeled, they should be used immediately. 3 Keep in mind that, like their raw counterparts, hard-cooked eggs can absorb flavors and odors from foods on neighboring refrigerator shelves. 1 Once peeled, they should be used immediately. 2 Keep in mind that, like their raw counterparts, hard-cooked eggs can absorb flavors and odors from foods on neighboring refrigerator shelves. 3 It's best to keep smelly foods like onions and cheese in airtight containers.", "1 Leftover raw egg whites and yolks should be put in airtight containers and stored in the refrigerator immediately. 2 To prevent yolks from drying out, cover them with a little cold water. 3 Drain the water before using. 4 When storing hard-cooked eggs, you may notice a gassy odour in your refrigerator. 1 To prevent yolks from drying out, cover them with a little cold water. 2 Drain the water before using. 3 When storing hard-cooked eggs, you may notice a gassy odour in your refrigerator. 4 The odour is caused by hydrogen sulphide, which forms when eggs are cooked.", "Hard-boiled eggs in their shells can be stored in the refrigerator for 2-3 weeks. Hard cooked eggs may be kept in the refrigerator for up to one week. Source(s): Rain · 8 years ago. Answers. Relevance. Rating Newest Oldest. Best Answer: Peeled hard-boiled eggs can be stored in the refrigerator in a bowl of cold water to cover for about 1 week (change the water daily) - or in a sealed container without water (cover the eggs with damp paper towels) for the same length of time." ], "url": [ "http://www.realsimple.com/food-recipes/shopping-storing/food/storing-hard-cooked-eggs", "http://www.realsimple.com/food-recipes/shopping-storing/food/storing-hard-cooked-eggs", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20070728093353AAPcty6", "http://www.myrecipes.com/how-to/cooking-questions/how-long-hard-boiled-eggs-keep", "http://cooking.stackexchange.com/questions/12832/omelettes-and-scrambled-eggs-how-long-can-i-store-them", "http://www.realsimple.com/food-recipes/shopping-storing/food/storing-hard-cooked-eggs", "http://www.eggs.ca/eggs101/view/39/egg-storage-freshness-and-food-safety", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20070926015309AA8IggA" ] }

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[ "Probably best known in the popular anime series Samurai Champloo, the actual word champloo means blend. Samurai Champloo is thus named because it is a blend of traditional japanese culture with a particularly funky hip-hop motif." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Mugen (無限, Infinity) is one of the main characters of Samurai Champloo along with Jin and Fuu. Both Mugen and Jin accompany Fuu in her search for the samurai who smells of sunflowers.. Mugen serves as a foil to Jin in terms of personality and disposition.", "Samurai Champloo is all about style, from the dj-style scratching scene changes to the hip-hop-inspired soundtrack to the eclectic character design. Mugen's fighting style is a funky meld of capoeira and limb-cutting, and Jin is the dramatic foil; he is all steel and old-school samurai style.", "A: Champloo, also spelled Champuru, is an Okinawan word meaning mixed up or stirred together. It's usually applied to a kind of stir-fry dish, but in a more general sense it's used to mean improvised, made up as you go along.", "Samurai Champloo (サムライチャンプルー, Samurai Chanpurū) is a Japanese anime series developed by Manglobe. It featured a production team led by director Shinichirō Watanabe, character designer Kazuto Nakazawa and mechanical designer Mahiro Maeda.", "Top Definition. champloo. Probably best known in the popular anime series Samurai Champloo, the actual word champloo means blend. Samurai Champloo is thus named because it is a blend of traditional japanese culture with a particularly funky hip-hop motif. The final product is one that somehow works albiet strange to first time viewers. Wow, the champloo of Dr. Pepper and Coke actually tastes pretty good!", "Mugen's highly unorthodox swordplay and a fighting style based on breaking-dubbed champuru kendo (Champloo Kendo in English) and ostensibly developed by himself-taking bits and pieces from all forms of martial arts and making up the rest on-the-go as he fights his opponents, make him a force to be reckoned with." ], "url": [ "http://champloo.wikia.com/wiki/Mugen", "http://www.anime-planet.com/anime/samurai-champloo", "http://www.spookhouse.net/angelynx/comics/champloo-faq.html", "http://champloo.wikia.com/wiki/Samurai_Champloo", "http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=champloo", "http://champloo.wikia.com/wiki/Mugen" ] }

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[ "The head-foot, the visceral mass and the mantle-shell." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "The Foot. A mollusk has a foot, the body's muscular section, responsible for movement. The foot of some mollusks has also adapted to attaching to rocks and grasping prey. To ease movement, mollusks such as snails and slugs release secretions from their feet, then slide along the mucus, forming a trail.", "Head/Foot-Has sense organs and is used for mobility. Mantle-Covers the body mass and can secrete a shell in some species. Body-Contains the main organs.", "A MOLLUSK'S THREE MAIN BODY PARTS. Although at first glance there's a world of difference between a slug and a clam, or a clam and an octopus, these creatures are fundamentally alike in being composed of these three main body parts: 1 A foot, on the animal's bottom, consisting mainly of muscle tissue. The soft, flat part beneath a snail is its foot A soft, fleshy body, located above the foot, and containing guts, heart, and other internal organs A mantle, covering the fleshy body. In most species the mantle secretes a shell.", "Mollusks have a thin layer of tissue called the mantle. The mantle covers the body organs, which are located in the visceral mass. Between the soft body and the mantle is a space called the mantle cavity. Mollusks contain gills. Gills are organs in which carbon dioxide from the mollusk is exchanged for oxygen in the water.", "The basic body structure, consisting of a foot, visceral mass, and mantle, is similar in most mollusks. The foot is located below the visceral mass. The external shell consists of three layers. The thin outer layer, called the periostracum, is made of a tough hornlike material and serves to protect the lower layers.", "The three regions of the body of the Mollusk are the head-foot, the visceral mass, and the mantle-shell." ], "url": [ "http://animals.mom.me/list-three-major-body-regions-mollusk-8070.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_three_distinct_body_parts_of_a_mollusk", "http://www.backyardnature.net/molluscs.htm", "http://mollusksscience.weebly.com/body-plan.html", "http://kids.britannica.com/comptons/article-204816/mollusk", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_three_regions_of_the_body_of_a_mollusk" ] }

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[ "Among nuts, almonds, cashews, and peanuts." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Traditionally, foods highest in magnesium content are green vegetables, whole grain cereals, nuts and beans, and seafood. According to USDA food charts (see a complete chart of magnesium rich foods), the five foods with the highest magnesium per typical serving are: 1 Halibut. 2 Mackeral. 3 Boiled spinach. 4 Bran breakfast cereal. The sources of magnesium include food, water, and supplements. While clearly a “good” source of magnesium is one that is readily available and easily absorbed, most experts recommend a combination of sources, taking advantage of both dietary magnesium and absorbable magnesium", "Food. Magnesium is widely distributed in plant and animal foods and in beverages. Green leafy vegetables, such as spinach, legumes, nuts, seeds, and whole grains, are good sources [ 1, 3 ]. In general, foods containing dietary fiber provide magnesium. Magnesium is also added to some breakfast cereals and other fortified foods. Some types of food processing, such as refining grains in ways that remove the nutrient-rich germ and bran, lower magnesium content substantially [ 1 ]. Selected food sources of magnesium are listed in Table 2", "Adding more of certain grains to your diet also helps you get more calcium, magnesium and potassium. Teff, a small grain from Ethiopia, and amaranth and quinoa, two slightly nutty-flavored grains from South America, are some of the grains highest in all three nutrients. Tomatoes, potatoes, carrots, radishes and garlic are good vegetables to eat more of. Leafy greens, such as beet greens, spinach, turnip greens and Swiss chard, provide magnesium, calcium and potassium as well.", "Among nuts, almonds, cashews, and peanuts are good sources of both potassium and magnesium. Among cereals, barley, oat bran, and brown rice help the body get an adequate amount of magnesium. Similarly, whole wheat grain when not refined, is also a natural source of magnesium in food. Among fruits, bananas are one of the richest natural sources of magnesium. They are also rich in potassium. Raisins contain magnesium as do figs. Figs, good sources of potassium and magnesium, help treat acute constipation. The most commonly available source of magnesium in a non-vegetarian diet is fish. Fish should be consumed after broiling, as deep frying reduces its magnesium content", "Other legumes rich in magnesium include black beans, kidney beans, white beans, chickpeas, black-eyed peas, and lentils. 1 Avocado Loaded with multivitamins, heart-healthy nutrients, and disease-thwarting chemical compounds, avocados are one of the most nutritious and versatile produce picks around. ", "The majority of good magnesium sources contain only about 10% or less of recommended daily amounts, as seen in a list of the magnesium content in common food sources of magnesium. Those that do contain more, such as certain nuts, fish and whole grains, are often eaten in too small quantities by the average person. ", "Many ingredients in our daily diet are good natural sources of magnesium. There are various natural sources of magnesium that also contain potassium. Leafy vegetables, cereals, milk products, nuts, legumes, and fruits are all good food sources of magnesium. Among fruits, bananas are one of the richest natural sources of magnesium. They are also rich in potassium. Raisins contain magnesium as do figs. Figs, good sources of potassium and magnesium, help treat acute constipation. The most commonly available source of magnesium in a non-vegetarian diet is fish. Fish should be consumed after broiling, as deep frying reduces its magnesium content", "Beans including black and kidney beans, black-eyed peas and lentils are good sources of several vitamins, minerals, protein and fiber, as well as potassium and magnesium. Include 3 to 4 cups of a variety of beans in your weekly meals. Photo Credit Ablestock.com/AbleStock.com/Getty Images. Potassium and magnesium are important minerals needed for all cells in the body to function properly. They are also both electrolytes, involved in conducting electricity throughout the body, affecting nerve function, muscle contraction and the rhythm of the heart.", "Magnesium, an abundant mineral in the body, is naturally present in many foods, added to other food products, available as a dietary supplement, and present in some medicines (such as antacids and laxatives). In general, foods containing dietary fiber provide magnesium. Magnesium is also added to some breakfast cereals and other fortified foods. Some types of food processing, such as refining grains in ways that remove the nutrient-rich germ and bran, lower magnesium content substantially [ 1 ]." ], "url": [ "http://www.ancient-minerals.com/magnesium-sources/", "http://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Magnesium-HealthProfessional/", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/70088-list-foods-rich-magnesium-potassium/", "http://www.newsmax.com/FastFeatures/sources-magnesium-food-diet/2011/01/28/id/369829/", "http://www.everydayhealth.com/pictures/foods-high-in-magnesium/", "http://www.ancient-minerals.com/magnesium-sources/dietary/", "http://www.newsmax.com/FastFeatures/sources-magnesium-food-diet/2011/01/28/id/369829/", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/86292-foods-rich-potassium-magnesium/", "http://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Magnesium-HealthProfessional/" ] }

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[ "DNA and RNA are both polymers that belong to a general class of biological molecules known as nucleic acids." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "The ICTV classifies RNA viruses as those that belong to Group III, Group IV or Group V of the Baltimore classification system of classifying viruses and does not consider viruses with DNA intermediates in their life cycle as RNA viruses. The double-stranded (ds)RNA viruses represent a diverse group of viruses that vary widely in host range (humans, animals, plants, fungi, and bacteria), genome segment number (one to twelve), and virion organization (T-number, capsid layers, or turrets).", "Confidence votes 20.9K. Dna belongs to the groups of nucleotides called Two-Prime-De-Oxy-Ribo-Nucleic-Acid; while Rna stands for Ribo-Nucleic-Acid. ", "Among the organic macromolecules, enzymes belong in the category of proteins. Proteins are distinct from carbohydrates, nucleic acids and lipids in that a protein is made of amino acids. Amino acids link together into a chain that can fold into a three-dimensional shape. Each type of amino acid is defined by what is called its side group. Amino acids link together to form long chains called polypeptides. Portions of these chains then fold into secondary structures: helical structures or sheet-like structures.", "Rating Newest Oldest. Best Answer: They are, as people have said, both nucleic acids. The chemical difference between the two is that DNA is a deoxygenated form of RNA, hence the term deoxyribonucleic acid. It has one less oxygen molecule bound to it. Biological Dogma dictates that genetic information is held in the nucleus in the form of DNA. This DNA is transcribed into corresponding RNA molecules. These RNA molecules are then translated into proteins via the ribosomes, which are not inside the nucleus.", "Organic compounds include carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids (DNA and RNA). Carbohydrate s – groups of molecules that contain carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen. Hydrogen and oxygen occur in the same ratio as in water (2:1) Carbohydrates include sugars and starches. ATP (adenosine triphosphate) molecule– adenine-containing RNA nucleotide (see Nucleic acids below) with two additional phosphate groups. Energy released in glucose catabolism is captured and stored in phosphate bonds of ATP. Lipids – molecules that are insoluble in water, but dissolve in other lipids and alcohol.", "DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid) are both nucleic acids, which means that they are both molecules made of nucleotides linked together. There are three wa … ys that RNA differs from DNA: 1) RNA is made of one strand of nucleotides instead of the two strands that make up DNA (a double helix). 2) Both contain a sugar, but RNA nucleotides contain ribose as opposed to deoxyribose, which is in DNA. In Biology. Unlike DNA, RNA is almost always a single-stranded molecule and has a much shorter chain of nucleotides. RNA contains ribose, rather than the deoxyribose found in DNA (there i … s a hydroxyl group attached to the pentose ring in the 2' position whereas RNA has two hydroxyl groups).", "3) As well as the nitrogen bases found in DNA, A (adenine), G (guanine), and C (cytosine), RNA nucleotides also have U (uracil) instead of T (thymine). U (uracil) is also complementary to A (adenine) when RNA base-pairs with another nucleic acid. In Biology. Unlike DNA, RNA is almost always a single-stranded molecule and has a much shorter chain of nucleotides. RNA contains ribose, rather than the deoxyribose found in DNA (there i … s a hydroxyl group attached to the pentose ring in the 2' position whereas RNA has two hydroxyl groups).", "Enzymes are proteins, meaning they are made of amino acids. There are 20 different types of amino acids. Each type of amino acid is defined by what is called its side group. Amino acids link together to form long chains called polypeptides. Portions of these chains then fold into secondary structures: helical structures or sheet-like structures.", "Hi Stephen--. DNA and RNA are both polymers that belong to a general class of biological molecules known as nucleic acids. DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the fundamental molecule that stores genetic information in all organisms (except some viruses). " ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RNA_virus", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_groups_do_Dna_and_Rna_belong_to", "http://education.seattlepi.com/organic-group-enzyme-belong-to-4853.html", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080708132216AArjr6r", "http://www.worcesterthinktank.com/sites/wtk.drupalgardens.com/files/uploads/AP%20students%20class%20notes%20-%20BiochemOrganic.pdf", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_group_do_RNA_molecules_belong_to", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_group_do_RNA_molecules_belong_to", "http://education.seattlepi.com/organic-group-enzyme-belong-to-4853.html", "http://en.allexperts.com/q/Genetics-1795/DNA-RNA.htm" ] }

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[ "Soluble" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Soluble. Most enzymes are globular. The primary way globular proteins maintain their tertiary structure is called the Hydrophobic Effect. Charged, polar hydrophilic residues on the surface. Non-polar residues seclude themselves in a hydrophobic core area. Other ways of maintaining 3 0 structure Salt Bridges and Disulfide Bridges. One feature that most globular proteins share is the ability to bind certain small molecules. The site where binding occurs is the active site. The small molecules that bind are called substrates.", "1. microtubules. 2. polymers of amino acids. 3. insoluble in water. 4. some function as enzymes. 5. structure is somewhat spherical. 6.myoglobin. 7. structure is rod-like. 8. function as structural proteins in the cell. 9. soluble in water. 10. exhibit primary structure. I said the following but got the incorrect answer: the explanation was to thinking about what shape fibrous ad globular proteins have.", "Globular proteins are water soluble proteins with spherical shapes and irregular amino acid sequences. The polypeptide chains are folded in, to form their shapes, and this shape is specific for each globular protein type. The water solubility of globular proteins enables them to transport through blood and other body fluids to various locations where their action is required. Fibrous proteins are water insoluble proteins that form various types of structures such as rigid, rod-like, sheet-like etc. As the name implies, most of the fibrous proteins are extensively cross-linked to form fibrous structures.", "The aqueous solubility of globular proteins allows them to exist in biological fluids as individual molecules or in small clusters and to accomplish a wide range of critical biological functions, for example, the enzymatic catalysis of chemical reactions. The shape assumed by a globular protein molecule tends to maximize both types of attractive forces, whereby. Figure 1. The 3-dimensional molecular structure of the globular protein polymerase β. The ribbon represents the backbone of the amino acid chain with the various amino acids depicted by shading.", "Fibrous vs Globular Proteins. Proteins are biological compounds that are composed of one or more polypeptide chains. Each polypeptide chain is made up of amino acids bound together by peptide bonds. Thus, the functional and structural unit of protein is amino acid. Fibrous proteins are water insoluble proteins that form various types of structures such as rigid, rod-like, sheet-like etc. As the name implies, most of the fibrous proteins are extensively cross-linked to form fibrous structures.", "Globular Protein. Photo by: Sebastian Kaulitzki. In a globular protein, the amino acid chain twists and folds in a manner that enhances the protein's solubility in water by placing polar groups of atoms at the protein's surface (where they can participate in attractive interactions with water molecules). The shape assumed by a globular protein molecule tends to maximize both types of attractive forces, whereby. Figure 1. The 3-dimensional molecular structure of the globular protein polymerase β. The ribbon represents the backbone of the amino acid chain with the various amino acids depicted by shading.", "Next. which of the following apply to fibrous proteins, which to globular proteins, and which to both 1. microtubules 2. polymers of amino acids 3. insoluble in water 4. some function as enzymes 5. structure is somewhat spherical 6.myoglobin 7. structure is rod-like 8. function as structural proteins in the... 5. structure is somewhat spherical. 6.myoglobin. 7. structure is rod-like. 8. function as structural proteins in the cell. 9. soluble in water. 10. exhibit primary structure. I said the following but got the incorrect answer: the explanation was to thinking about what shape fibrous ad globular proteins have.", "Similarly, nonpolar side chains exert attractive forces (of a different nature) toward other non-polar side chains within the protein. The shape assumed by a globular protein molecule tends to maximize both types of attractive forces, whereby. Figure 1. The 3-dimensional molecular structure of the globular protein polymerase β. The ribbon represents the backbone of the amino acid chain with the various amino acids depicted by shading.", "• Globular proteins are water soluble, whereas fibrous proteins are generally water insoluble. • Fibrous proteins involve in structural functions such as providing support and protection while globular proteins are responsible for certain metabolic functions such as catalysis, transport, and regulation. Fibrous proteins are water insoluble proteins that form various types of structures such as rigid, rod-like, sheet-like etc. As the name implies, most of the fibrous proteins are extensively cross-linked to form fibrous structures.", "differences between fibrous and globular. fibrous: regular sequence of amino acids, elongated strands of polypeptide chains, varied length, stable structure, insoluble, structural roles. globular: irregular sequence, spherical shape, identical length, unstable structure, soluble, functional(also structural) roles" ], "url": [ "http://www.nbs.csudh.edu/chemistry/faculty/nsturm/CHE450/05_Proteins-%20G,%20M,%20F.htm", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20100916045542AAInQZe", "http://www.differencebetween.com/difference-between-fibrous-and-vs-globular-proteins/", "http://www.chemistryexplained.com/Ge-Hy/Globular-Protein.html", "http://www.differencebetween.com/difference-between-fibrous-and-vs-globular-proteins/", "http://www.chemistryexplained.com/Ge-Hy/Globular-Protein.html", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20100916045542AAInQZe", "http://www.chemistryexplained.com/Ge-Hy/Globular-Protein.html", "http://www.differencebetween.com/difference-between-fibrous-and-vs-globular-proteins/", "https://quizlet.com/15092456/fibrous-and-globular-protein-flash-cards/" ] }

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[ "Cholera is an infectious disease that causes severe watery diarrhea, which can lead to dehydration and even death if untreated." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Full Definition of CHOLERA. : any of several diseases of humans and domestic animals usually marked by severe gastrointestinal symptoms; especially: an acute diarrheal disease caused by an enterotoxin produced by a comma-shaped gram-negative bacillus (Vibrio cholerae syn.", "Cholera is an infectious disease that causes severe watery diarrhea, which can lead to dehydration and even death if untreated. It is caused by eating food or drinking water contaminated with a bacterium called Vibrio cholerae.", "Cholera: An infectious disease characterized by intense vomiting and profuse watery diarrhea and that rapidly leads to dehydration and often death. Cholera is caused by infection with the bacteria Vibrio cholerae, which may be transmitted via infected fecal matter, food, or water.", "Cholera is a bacterial disease usually spread through contaminated water. Cholera causes severe diarrhea and dehydration. Left untreated, cholera can be fatal in a matter of hours, even in previously healthy people.", "Causes. Cholera is caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. These bacteria release a toxin that causes an increased amount of water to be released from cells that line the intestines. The increase in water produces severe diarrhea. People get the infection from eating or drinking food or water containing the cholera germ." ], "url": [ "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/cholera", "http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/cholera-faq", "http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=6534", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cholera/basics/definition/CON-20031469", "https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000303.htm" ] }

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[ "Workplace harassment is any unwanted or undesirable conduct that puts down or shows hostility or an aversion toward another person at the workplace." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Harassment. Harassment is a form of employment discrimination that violates Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967, (ADEA), and the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, (ADA). Harassment becomes unlawful where 1) enduring the offensive conduct becomes a condition of continued employment, or 2) the conduct is severe or pervasive enough to create a work environment that a reasonable person would consider intimidating, hostile, or abusive.", "Sexual Harassment. Unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, and other verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature that tends to create a hostile or offensive work environment. Sexual harassment is a form of Sex Discrimination that occurs in the workplace. ", "The first is when an employer, supervisor or co-worker singles a person out for harassment because of that person’s race, color, creed, ancestry, national origin, age (40 and up), disability, sex, arrest or conviction record, marital status, sexual orientation or military services. “Sexual” harassment includes unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors and verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature when: Engaging in such conduct is made an implicit or explicit term or condition of employment.", "Sexual harassment refers to persistent and unwanted sexual advances, typically in the workplace, where the consequences of refusing are potentially very disadvantageous to the victim. Harassment that can happen anywhere but is most common in the workplace, and schools. It involves unwanted and unwelcome words, deeds, actions, gestures, symbols, or behaviours of a sexual nature that make the target feel uncomfortable.", "The Plain English Definition Of Workplace Harassment. Workplace harassment is a violation of title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. In order to understand the definition of workplace harassment, it is crucial to know what harassment is and what a workplace consists of. Harassment is an act committed by a person that makes another feel uncomfortable, offended, intimidated or oppressed. The most common form of workplace harassment is sexual harassment and the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) has aptly declared that any offense establishing harassment on any protected class is subject to federal punishment.", "Workplace harassment is the belittling or threatening behavior directed at an individual worker or a group of workers. Recently, matters of workplace harassment have gained interest among practitioners and researchers as it is becoming one of the most sensitive areas of effective workplace management. The prevalence of sexual harassment at work is high. For example, a study by the U.S. Merit Systems Protection Board in 1981 shows that among the female government employees, 33 percent experienced sexual comments, 26 percent had unwanted physical touching, and 15 percent was pressured for dates." ], "url": [ "http://www.eeoc.gov/laws/types/harassment.cfm", "http://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Sexual+Harassment", "https://dwd.wisconsin.gov/er/discrimination_civil_rights/publication_erd_7334_p.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harassment", "http://www.hostileworkenvironmentguide.com/definitionofworkplaceharassment.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Workplace_harassment" ] }

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[ "The Berlin Airlift is considered as one of the first of the many crisis situations emerged during the Cold War.Before going into details, knowing the historical background is essential. A Divided Germany. When World War II ended, Germany fell under Soviet and American control." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The Berlin Airlift, 1948–1949. At the end of the Second World War, U.S., British, and Soviet military forces divided and occupied Germany. Also divided into occupation zones, Berlin was located far inside Soviet-controlled eastern Germany. ", "The Berlin Airlift is considered as one of the first of the many crisis situations that emerged during the Cold War. Before going into details, knowing the historical background is essential. A Divided Germany. When World War II ended, Germany fell under Soviet and American control. ", "The Berlin Blockade was an attempt by the Soviet Union to block Allied access to the German city of Berlin in 1948 and 1949. Ultimately, the blockade turned out to be a total political failure for the Soviet Union, and the West managed to turn it into a major victory. ", "The Berlin Airlift could be called the first battle of the Cold War. It was when western countries delivered much needed food and supplies to the city of Berlin through the air because all other routes were blocked by the Soviet Union. After World War II. 1 After the airlift Germany was split into two separate countries, the German Democratic Republic in the east (controlled by the Soviet Union) and the Federal Republic of Germany in the west. 2 The city of Berlin was also divided in half, with East Germany eventually building the Berlin Wall to keep people from defecting.", "Introduction. The Berlin Blockade was an attempt in 1948 by the Soviet Union to limit the ability of France, Great Britain and the United States to travel to their sectors of Berlin, which lay within Russian-occupied East Germany. ", "The Berlin Airlift PRELUDE TO CONFLICT At the end of WWII, a defeated Germany was divided amongst the victors, the United States, the Soviet Union, Great Britain, and France. The Soviet Union took control of the Eastern half of Germany, the Western half was divided amongst the US, Great Britain, and France. ", "The Berlin Airlift took place from 1948-1949. It was in response to the Berlin Blockade imposed by the USSR on Germany. The Berlin Airlift was important in breaking the st … ranglehold of the Russians on the West Berliners. David B ckman. The Berlin Airlift occurred after World War 2. When Germany surrendered, the four major countries of the Allies were placed in charge as occupation forces. The four countries … were USA, Britain, France and Russia.", "Making the world better, one answer at a time. The Berlin Blockade and airlift were important for the development of the Cold war because it was one of the first crises which happened during the Cold War. Instead, a massive airlift was established and the blockade was lifted in May, 1949. Berlin citizens had voted overwhelmingly against the communists in the 1946 election, and only the efforts of the West kept the city in the hands of its elected officials.", "The Berlin Blockade (1 April 1948 – 12 May 1949) was one of the first major international crises of the Cold War. During the multinational occupation of post–World War II Germany, the Soviet Union blocked the Western Allies ' railway, road, and canal access to the sectors of Berlin under Western control. By the spring of 1949, the airlift was clearly succeeding, and by April it was delivering more cargo than had previously been transported into the city by rail. On 12 May 1949, the USSR lifted the blockade of West Berlin." ], "url": [ "https://history.state.gov/milestones/1945-1952/berlin-airlift", "http://www.whyguides.com/why-was-the-berlin-airlift-important.html", "http://www.wisegeek.org/what-was-the-berlin-blockade.htm", "http://www.ducksters.com/history/cold_war/berlin_airlift_blockade.php", "http://www.history.com/topics/cold-war/berlin-blockade", "http://spiritoffreedom.org/airlift.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Why_was_the_Berlin_Airlift_important", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Why_is_berlin_blockade_important", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berlin_Blockade" ] }

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[ "Portuguese", "Portuguese" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Portuguese (portugues português, or in, full lingua) língua portuguesa Is a romance language and the sole official Language, Of, Portugal, Brazil, Mozambique Angola, Cabo-Verde guinea Bissau And sao São. Tome tomé and principe-príncipe it also has Co Official, Language Status, in East. timor equatorial guinea and macau Portuguese is the language of the majority of people in Brazil and Portugal, and 99.8% of the population of Sao São tome Tomé and principe Príncipe declared speaking portuguese in. The 1991census perhaps 75 % of The population Of angola, speaks portuguesenatively and 85. % are fluent", "Languages of Guinea-Bissau. An Ethnologue Country Report, 28 pp., $9.95. A PDF document that collates all the information from Ethnologue about the language situation in Guinea-Bissau. (See a sample country report .) The report has the following contents: 1 Country overview information including a histogram showing a language status profile", "Just over 40% of the population of Mozambique are native speakers of Portuguese, and 60% are fluent, according to the 2007 census. Portuguese is also spoken natively by 30% of the population in Guinea-Bissau, and a Portuguese-based creole is understood by all. Portuguese is the language of the majority of people in Brazil and Portugal, and 99.8% of the population of Sao São tome Tomé and principe Príncipe declared speaking portuguese in. The 1991census perhaps 75 % of The population Of angola, speaks portuguesenatively and 85. ", "Bissau Aeroport Leaders of Guinea-Bissau The Country dialling code of Guinea-Bissau is +245, and the TLD (Top-level domain) of Guinea-Bissau is .gw Map of Guinea-Bissau Population 1,472,780 Languages spoken in Guinea-Bissau Animals native to Guinea-Bissau / which animals live in Guinea-Bissau? Information about Guinea-Bissau is brought to you by List of countries of the world , your first stop in discovering all countries of the world. Besides demographic information, geological information about Guinea-Bissau, also the flag of Guinea-Bissau and a map is displayed.", "Portuguese. Portuguese is growing in popularity among world language students in the United States, especially due to Brazil’s importance as a global economic power. Portuguese is spoken by 220 million people in Africa, Asia, Europe, and the Americas. It is the official language of Portugal, Brazil, Angola, Mozambique, Cape Verde, Guinea-Bissau, and Sao São & Tome, tomé principe and-has co official language Status In, East Timor, equatorial Guinea. and macau ", "It is the first language of the Fulɓe (Fula/Fulani), who life mainly in West Africa, and also in Central and North Africa. Fula is also spoken as a second language by others in the region. Fula speakers can be found in Mauritania, Senegal, Mali, Guinea, Burkina Faso, Niger, Nigeria, Cameroon, Gambia, Chad, Sierra Leone, Benin, Guinea-Bissau, Sudan, Central African Republic, Cote côte'D, Ivoire, Ghana, Togo liberia And. gabon ", "The number of individual languages listed for Guinea-Bissau is 22. All are living languages. Of these, 1 is institutional, 7 are developing, 9 are vigorous, 3 are in trouble, and 2 are dying. ", "It is a Portuguese-based creole language, closely related to Cape Verdean creole. Kriol is spoken as a first language by approximately 15% (190,000) of Bissau-Guineans and as a second language by approximately 50%, as of some time before 1992, and is the de facto language of national identity. Upper Guinea creoles are the oldest Portuguese-based creoles, first appearing around the Portuguese settlements along the northwest coast of Africa. Guinean Creole is therefore among the first Portuguese Creoles.", "Portuguese (portugues português, or in, full lingua) língua portuguesa Is a romance language and the sole official Language, Of, Portugal, Brazil, Mozambique Angola, Cabo-Verde guinea Bissau And sao São. tome tomé and principe príncipe Portuguese is the language of the majority of people in Brazil and Portugal, and 99.8% of the population of Sao São tome Tomé and principe Príncipe declared speaking portuguese in. The 1991census perhaps 75 % of The population Of angola, speaks portuguesenatively and 85. % are fluent", "Standard Portuguese is the official language of Guinea-Bissau, but the creole is the language of trade, public services, the parliament, informal literature, entertainment and educational programming. It is not used in news media. Upper Guinea creoles are the oldest Portuguese-based creoles, first appearing around the Portuguese settlements along the northwest coast of Africa. Guinean Creole is therefore among the first Portuguese Creoles." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portuguese_language", "http://www.ethnologue.com/product/18-Report-GW", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portuguese_language", "http://www.listofcountriesoftheworld.com/pu.html", "http://www.aacc.edu/languages/Portuguese.cfm", "http://www.omniglot.com/writing/fula.htm", "http://www.ethnologue.com/country/GW", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guinea-Bissau_Creole", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portuguese_language", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guinea-Bissau_Creole" ] }

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[ "The Fabian Society is a very old group originating in England in 1884, with the purpose of forming a single, global socialist state." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Fabian Society. British socialist society. An outgrowth of the Fellowship of the New Life (founded 1883 under the influence of Thomas Davidson), the society was developed the following year by Frank Podmore and Edward Pease. To the present day the Fabian Society has formed the ideological center of the Labour Party, elaborating the programmatic and tactical principles of Labourism. Many prominent leaders of the Labour Party have come from the Fabian Society. Vinogradov, V. N. Uistokov leiboristskoi partii.", "It is as well to know exactly to what this name refers. The Fabian Society was a movement of mainly middle and upper class intellectuals, established in 1884 to spread socialist ideas among what they called, perhaps patronisingly, ‘the educated classes’. Some may think it odd that a purely socialist movement should eradicate the working classes from its audience. ", "Fabian Society. British socialist society. An outgrowth of the Fellowship of the New Life (founded 1883 under the influence of Thomas Davidson), the society was developed the following year by Frank Podmore and Edward Pease. George Bernard Shaw and Sidney Webb joined soon after this and became its outstanding exponents. ", "Launch: Final report of the Fabian Commmission on Food and Poverty. Wednesday 28 October 2015, 6.30-8pm | Committee room 11, House of Commons, London SW1A 0AA The rise of food bank use in the UK has been a major national issue, featuring prominently during the general election campaign. Labour will never return to power unless it wins over older voters. Amid all the dozens of election post-mortems, one simple truth is hiding in plain sight.", "Fabian Society. (source: LSE archives). NOTE: I was tipped about this emblem, and was bit shocked to find that the Fabian Society, a long-lived socialist think-tank in the UK, used to have a wolf in sheep’s clothing as their eerie coat of arms, designed by Goerge Bernard Shaw. Originally, the Fabian society was committed to the establishment of a socialist economy, alongside a commitment to British imperialism as a progressive and modernizing force. Today, the society functions primarily as a think tank and is one of 15 socialist societies affiliated with the Labour Party.", "George Bernard Shaw joined the Fabian Society in August 1884. Nesbit wrote: The Fabian Society is getting rather large now and includes some very nice people, of whom Mr. Stapelton is the nicest and a certain George Bernard Shaw the most interesting. G.B.S. has a fund of dry Irish humour that is simply irresistible. ", "The Fabian Society. The Fabian Society is a very old group originating in England in 1884, with the purpose of forming a single, global socialist state. They get their name from the Roman general Fabius, who used carefully planned strategies to slowly wear down his enemies over a long period of time to obtain victory. ", "~ Expand for links ~. Website: http://www.rockingphilosophy.com. Facebook Page: https://www.facebook.com/RockingPhilo... Twitter Account: https://twitter.com/RockingMrE. Google+ Profile: https://plus.google.com/u/0/109302165... The Fabian Society: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabian_S... " ], "url": [ "http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Fabian+socialism", "http://general-history.com/the-fabian-society/", "http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Fabian+Society", "http://www.fabians.org.uk/", "http://www.forbiddensymbols.com/fabian-society/", "http://spartacus-educational.com/Pfabian.htm", "https://theweathereye.wordpress.com/2010/06/27/the-fabian-society/", "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vJtwCAteM-U" ] }

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[ "$3,001 to $5,000" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Virginia's state sales and use tax rate is 4.3 percent. There is an additional 1 percent local tax, for a total of a 5.3 percent combined sales tax on most Virginia purchases. There is an additional 0.7 percent state tax imposed in the localities that make up Northern Virginia and Hampton Roads, making the rate in these areas 6 percent. Personal income tax. Virginia's income tax rates are assessed over four tax brackets: 1 2 percent on the first $3,000 of taxable income. 2 3 percent on taxable income between $3,001 and $5,000. 3 5 percent on taxable income between $5,001 and $17,000", "Best Answer: The income tax rate schedule for Virginia is as follows: If your taxable income is: .....................Your tax is:..................... $ 0-3,000.................................... 2% $3,000-$5,000............................ $60 + 3% $5,000-$17,000........................... ", "In general the more you make, the more you will be taxed. To find out more about VA income tax, sales tax, W4 forms, 1040 forms, tax returns, current state tax rates and general Virginia tax information, click here for the Virginia Department of Taxation. How Virginia State income tax rates are structured. The variable income tax rate for Virginia is determined by VA state tax legislation. How much income tax that is withheld from your paycheck depends on which tax bracket you fall under.", "Minimum wage job in virginia and i wanted to know how much tax will be taken away from my paycheck. I work 22 hours a week 8$ per hour. Add your answer. Source. Best Answer: Possible $$ amount that might be withheld from your GROSS wages earnings for the 1 week pay period 22 x 8.00 = 176.00 of GROSS wages earnings for the 1 week pay period. W-4 filled out as single with -0- ZERO Allowances signed and returned to your employer for this purpose.", "Taxes on Refunds. If you have your refund paid directly to you, VRS will withhold federal taxes of 20 percent and, if you live in Virginia, state taxes of 4 percent. Any after-tax member contributions in your refund will not be taxed again. If you receive your refund before age 59½, the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) may impose an additional 10 percent tax penalty for early withdrawal of member contributions; there are exceptions to this rule.", "Virginia state income tax along with a federal tax is usually withheld from your paycheck as you receive it each pay cycle. While the federal income tax rates are set for each income bracket, VA state income tax rates do not necessarily align with the federal figures. The variable income tax rate for Virginia is determined by VA state tax legislation. How much income tax that is withheld from your paycheck depends on which tax bracket you fall under.", "Find out what you are worth and how much Virginia state income tax you would have to pay per paycheck through our Salary Wizard. Offset those high VA income taxes with a higher paying job. Get a head start at your next salary review by buying a personalized salary report here. The variable income tax rate for Virginia is determined by VA state tax legislation. How much income tax that is withheld from your paycheck depends on which tax bracket you fall under.", "On July 1, 2005, the state tax rate on some food items decreased to 1.5 percent, resulting in a combined tax rate of 2.5 percent (1.5 percent state tax and 1 percent local tax). The state's consumer use tax is the other half of the Virginia retail sales and use tax requirements. Personal income tax. Virginia's income tax rates are assessed over four tax brackets: 1 2 percent on the first $3,000 of taxable income. 2 3 percent on taxable income between $3,001 and $5,000. 3 5 percent on taxable income between $5,001 and $17,000" ], "url": [ "http://www.bankrate.com/finance/taxes/state-taxes-virginia.aspx", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080712083406AA2Q68K", "http://swz.salary.com/salarywizard/layouthtmls/swzl_statetaxrate_VA.html", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20111008152951AAqP8RQ", "http://www.varetire.org/members/leaving-employment/taking-a-refund.asp", "http://swz.salary.com/salarywizard/layouthtmls/swzl_statetaxrate_VA.html", "http://swz.salary.com/salarywizard/layouthtmls/swzl_statetaxrate_VA.html", "http://www.bankrate.com/finance/taxes/state-taxes-virginia.aspx" ] }

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{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "However, in this scenario you would not only have to pay the speeding ticket cost (fine) but also you would have to pay the traffic school court fee ($50) and an additional fee to attend traffic school (another $80 to $100). Therefore, the total speeding ticket cost in addition to the speeding ticket fine would be another $150 to take care of traffic school portion.", "As far as avoiding tickets, a good radar detector can cost $150 to $200 or more, which pays for itself after one or two avoided tickets. But it doesn't help you to become a safer driver. So, what's the best way to avoid speeding tickets? Not speeding, of course. One in every six Americans gets a speeding ticket every year -- that's about 41 million tickets a year and 100,000 tickets per day [source: Mr. Ticket ].", "Even in the city of St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador's capital city and largest urban centre, the average cost of buying a home can be less than in many other cities across Canada. For example, a home that costs $150,000 in St. John's might cost more than $350,000 in Toronto or Vancouver. ", "At $40, Ontario has the cheapest speeding ticket we know of in Canada. Quebec’s in the same ballpark, charging speeders $15 plus $10 for every five kilometres over the speed limit, for speeding 1-20 kilometres over the speed limit. Alberta, Newfoundland and PEI will cost you a bit more, but low-end speeding tickets still aren’t going to bankrupt you. Manitoba’s fines are also fairly low at the bottom end of the range. Like Quebec, Ontario’s tickets start off cheap, but rise in price quickly when you pick up speed. First of all – the cheapest place to speed in Canada has to be Saskatchewan. Normally, speeders in Saskatchewan are normally assessed a $110 fine, plus $1 per kilometre over, plus court costs, which is higher than several other provinces. You’ll pay a different fine for 11 over than you would for 12 over, and so on", "What is the cost of a speeding ticket in California. The speeding ticket cost in California does not end with the speeding ticket fine amount or the time that it takes to deal with the speeding ticket. The speeding ticket cost goes far beyond the fine. Therefore, the total speeding ticket cost in addition to the speeding ticket fine would be another $150 to take care of traffic school portion.", "Average cost of speeding tickets by state. The total cost of the average speeding ticket is $150, but maximum fines for speeding vary by more than $2,400 between states. Interestingly, some of the states where you’re most likely to receive a ticket also have the highest fines. Least expensive states for speeding tickets. Tennessee, in contrast, is the cheapest state in which to get a ticket, with a maximum fine of $50. Idaho, Kentucky, and Colorado are the next cheapest with their $100 maximum fines.", "While the cost of a speeding ticket varies by region and offense, most sources say that the average cost of a speeding ticket is $150, including court fees [source: The Auto Insurance ]. One in every six Americans gets a speeding ticket every year -- that's about 41 million tickets a year and 100,000 tickets per day [source: Mr. Ticket ].", "The literal answer for a first conviction is that a New York speeding ticket costs between $45 and $600. For speeding 1 to 10 mph over the limit the range is $45 to $150. For speeding 11 mph to 30 mph, the range is $90 to $300. Finally, for speeding 31 mph or more, the range is $180 to $600. However, there are many other “costs” of a NY speeding ticket. It is not widely known (or enforced) but a judge can also impose up to 15 days in jail for a speeding 1 to 10 mph speeding ticket, and up to 30 days for 11+ mph", "In Massachusetts, speeding tickets stay on drivers’ records for six years and insurers penalize drivers as long as the infraction is on their records, which means that Boston drivers end up paying $1,559.75 total in increased premiums. Tack on the cost of the ticket, and that comes to a whopping $1,714.75. However, not all Boston-area drivers receive the same treatment from insurance carriers after a speeding ticket. Drivers in Boston are charged $323.73 more per year, while Newton drivers’ premiums only go up by $172.00 on average" ], "url": [ "https://www.2fixyourtrafficticket.com/speeding-ticket-cost.html", "http://auto.howstuffworks.com/under-the-hood/cost-of-car-ownership/cost-of-speeding-ticket.htm", "http://www.nlimmigration.ca/en/immigrate/about/cost-of-living.aspx", "http://canadamotoguide.com/2013/02/12/the-cost-of-speeding/", "https://www.2fixyourtrafficticket.com/speeding-ticket-cost.html", "http://blog.esurance.com/speeding-tickets-where-does-your-state-rank/", "http://auto.howstuffworks.com/under-the-hood/cost-of-car-ownership/cost-of-speeding-ticket.htm", "http://nytrafficticket.com/how-much-does-a-new-york-speeding-ticket-cost/", "http://www.boston.com/cars/news-and-reviews/2014/05/29/the-true-cost-speeding-ticket-boston/CQ03Xu7FIIQzPKW8htciuM/pictures.html" ] }

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{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Diving for Dollars. Shells and sand dollars are plentiful on a barrier island at the mouth of Tampa Bay called Egmont Key. This uninhabited island is home to Fort Dade, a long-abandoned Spanish-American War fortress. Seashells and sand dollars regularly wash up on beaches with the tides. At times, beaches on both of Florida’s coasts will be covered with shells, although some beaches have different shells from others.", "Sunset on the Beach at Sand Dollar. Sand Dollar is an Old Florida style beach home originally built in 1925. The property runs from the beach front at Captiva Drive all the way to the bay shore where your boat dock located.", "Click any of the buttons below to view current available Sand Dollar Villas condos for sale or Sand Dollar Villas condos for rent in Hutchinson Island. If there is any condo you would like more information on in the Sand Dollar Villas community, call us at (772) 334-8600 or email us. Enroll to save searches, favorite listings of Hutchinson Island condos for sale, and choose to receive an email of any new listing and price changes for this neighborhood or others.", "The Sand Dollar Villas community is located in the beautiful city of Hutchinson Island, Florida. Being part of the Sand Dollar Villas neighborhood provides the local residents a tropical paradise lifestyle, known only to tourists as the perfect vacation spot. If there is any condo you would like more information on in the Sand Dollar Villas community, call us at (772) 334-8600 or email us. Enroll to save searches, favorite listings of Hutchinson Island condos for sale, and choose to receive an email of any new listing and price changes for this neighborhood or others.", "Tigertail Beach Park. If you love nature, you will appreciate the natural landscape of Sand Dollar Spit. Located on the northwest corner of Tigertail Beach Park, we are lucky to have a critical wildlife preserve that is home to many birds on the endangered species list. From Pipings to Snow Plovers to Wilsons, and our national bird, the bald eagle, you will see all these and many more nesting in their natural habitat.", "Sand Dollar Shores Condominium is a private, gated community, located on South Hutchinson Island in Jensen Beach, Florida. Our community consists of five eight-story buildings and two heated swimming pools, all adjacent to the beautiful blue waters of the Atlantic Ocean. ", "The Freshest Seafood on the Island. The Sandbar Restaurant, located on the north end of Anna Maria Island, has for decades been a favorite of locals and tourists alike for its fresh Florida seafood. The Sandbar was chosen by brides for the Hall of Fame as well as the Best of the Best for Ceremony and Reception Site on the West Coast of Florida by the knot Best of Weddings issue for 2008, 2008/2009, 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2013 and was chosen Best Reception Site on the West Coast of Florida for 2007.", "Marco Island Beaches. Marco Island is located about 30 minutes south of Naples by car. It is the southernmost island on the southwest coast of Florida that has beaches accessible by car. Marco Island is very overdeveloped. South Marco Beach is the easiest to get to, but Tigertail Beach on the northern part of Marco is more of a true park. Both have a fee for parking. I took this photo from Sand Dollar Island looking toward South Marco. The beach where I'm standing is very quiet and has very few people." ], "url": [ "http://traveltips.usatoday.com/beaches-shells-sand-dollars-central-florida-110007.html", "http://www.captiva-island.com/amrc/sanddollar.htm", "http://amprorealty.com/st-lucie-county/hutchinson-island-fl-real-estate/sand-dollar-villas/", "http://amprorealty.com/st-lucie-county/hutchinson-island-fl-real-estate/sand-dollar-villas/", "http://marcoislandbeachfl.net/marco-island-fl-sand-dollar-spit.htm", "http://www.sanddollarshores.net/", "http://sandbar.groupersandwich.com/", "http://www.beachhunter.net/marcoisland.htm" ] }

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[ "DNA and chromosome is regarding the role of genes.DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid. The DNA is basically made up of cytosine, adenine, thymine and guanine.ll of these are basic building blocks of the body. DNA is the smallest part that, together with proteins, forms a chromosome. A chromosome is therefore, nothing but a chain of DNA that has been made compact enough to fit into a cell." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "answered on 22 Jun 2010: DNA is the name for the molecule that our chromosomes are made of. A chromosome is a piece of DNA that has been coiled up in the right way to fit and work in a cell and genes are little sections on our chromosomes that give the instructions for making proteins. 0. ", "One set is inherited from the father, and one set is inherited from the mother. A DNA is a sort of a bio molecule. The entire DNA in cells can be found in individual pieces that are called chromosomes. The main difference between DNA and chromosome is regarding the role of genes. DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid. The DNA is basically made up of cytosine, adenine, thymine and guanine. All of these are basic building blocks of the body. DNA is the smallest part that, together with proteins, forms a chromosome. A chromosome is therefore, nothing but a chain of DNA that has been made compact enough to fit into a cell. Summary: 1. Both chromosomes and DNA make up an important part of a person’s genes. 2.", "Chromatins are just a combination of DNA, histones(a type of proteins) and RNA. Strands of DNA are considered as chromatins and when these strands combine, this forms the chromosome. Chromatin is untangled and unfolded DNA, while chromosome is condensed DNA. The chromatin condenses into chromosome during mitosis. ", "The difference between DNA and a chromosome has to deal with an intermediary-genes. DNA is deoxyribonucleic acid, which is a nucleic acid. It is made up of four bases-adenine, cytosine, guanine and thymine. When these four bases are arranged in a segment, it is called a gene. When these segments of DNA or genes are compactly coiled so that it can be easily duplicated and separated, it is called a chromosome.", "The difference between a chromosome and a DNA molecule is that a chromosome is a single DNA molecule associated with proteins and a DNA molecule is a long thin molecule that s … tores genetic information. A gene is not a single structure or thing. It is made up of the micro-structures that determine a trait. These micro-structures are primarily chromosomes. Chromosomes are pieces of DNA.", "DNA is the chemical that chromosomes and genes are made of. DNA itself is made up of four simple chemical units that are abbreviated as A, G, C, and T. These letters are used to form three letter words that cells can read. A chromosome is simply a very long piece of DNA that cells can easily copy. ", "The difference between DNA and a chromosome has to deal with an intermediary-genes. DNA is deoxyribonucleic acid, which is a nucleic acid. It is made up of four bases-adenin … e, cytosine, guanine and thymine. When these four bases are arranged in a segment, it is called a gene. A gene is not a single structure or thing. It is made up of the micro-structures that determine a trait. These micro-structures are primarily chromosomes. Chromosomes are pieces of DNA." ], "url": [ "http://cancerj10.imascientist.org.uk/2010/06/what-is-the-main-difference-between-chromosome-genes-and-dna", "http://www.differencebetween.net/science/health/difference-between-dna-and-chromosome/", "https://www.quora.com/What-are-the-differences-between-chromosomes-chromatids-and-chromatin", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_difference_between_DNA_and_chromosome", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_difference_between_DNA_gene_and_chromosome", "http://genetics.thetech.org/ask/ask293", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_difference_between_DNA_gene_and_chromosome" ] }

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[ "A song by the British rock band Queen." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Bohemian Rhapsody was performed by Queen + Paul Rodgers throughout their tours, accompanied by a video of Mercury. Footage from the Live at Wembley '86 was used for the 2005/6 tour, and the 1981 Montreal performance used for the Rock the Cosmos Tour. As of 2004, Bohemian Rhapsody is the second most played song on British radio, in clubs and on jukeboxes collectively, after Procol Harum 's A Whiter Shade of Pale .", "Bohemian Rhapsody is one of the best songs of all time. (the band of course being Queen) It was Released on 31th October, 1975, it entered the charts at number 1, where it stayed for over two months. Bohemian Rhapsody was written by Freddie Mercury, who also wrote We are the Champions and Killer Queen. Bohemian Rhapsody. Exellent song by the English band Queen. Their most famous (if not most widley known song). It was released in Oct. 1975, and spent 17 weeks on the chart, going platinum and reaching #1 for nine weeks. It is notable also for being the first song ever to be have a music video.", "· just now. Report Abuse. Bohemian Rhapsody is one of the most analyzed songs lyrically and musically in music history, imo. Many people believe that there are lyrics of the song written about Mercury's battle with AIDS -- this is incorrect, because the song was written before then. ", "Bohemian Rhapsody is a song by the British rock band Queen. It was written by Freddie Mercury for the band's 1975 studio album A Night at the Opera. It is a six-minute suite, consisting of several sections without a chorus: an intro, a ballad segment, an operatic passage, a hard rock part and a reflective coda. As of 2004, Bohemian Rhapsody is the second most played song on British radio, in clubs and on jukeboxes collectively, after Procol Harum 's A Whiter Shade of Pale .", "The precedents of Bohemian Rhapsody are as much in the 19th-century classical traditions of rhapsodic, quasi-improvisational reveries – like, say, the piano works of Schumann or Chopin or the tone-poems of Strauss or Liszt – as they are in prog-rock or the contemporary pop of 1975. As of 2004, Bohemian Rhapsody is the second most played song on British radio, in clubs and on jukeboxes collectively, after Procol Harum 's A Whiter Shade of Pale .", "Queen-Bohemian Rhapsody-Meaning = The narrator wants to commit suicide, but he is afraid that this will send him to hell. * See all the videos at http://RobJohnFrank.com/Song-Meanings. Subscribe to my channel to see the new song meanings analysis videos (a lot more are coming in May 2013): ", "There is a rhapsody by the composer Franz Liszt called Hungarian Rhapsody, and Bohemia is a kingdom that is near Hungary and was part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Furthermore, Bohemian is an adjective for something unusual or against convention, and the song is just that. Freddie Mercury wrote the lyrics, and there has been a lot of speculation as to their meaning. Many of the words appear in the Qu'ran. Bismillah is one of these and it literally means In the name of Allah.. The word Scaramouch means A stock character that appears as a boastful coward.. Beelzebub is one of the many names given to The Devil", "One of the things I noticed many misinformed saying about Bohemian Rhapsody is it's about about Freddie Mercury having Aids, and him dealing with it-which is ridiculous. Mercury did not have HIV or AIDS in 1975. He was diagnosed as HIV positive in the spring of 1987. The following, is my take on the meaning of Bohemian Rhapsody. I am aware that it more than likely isn't completely initially correct, but that's the point of a discussion forum, thus-I am more than happy to edit this if any better suggestions come along to its meaning, or remove parts which would be undoubtedly wrong." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bohemian_Rhapsody", "http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=Bohemian%20Rhapsody", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080404001232AAutA4L", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bohemian_Rhapsody", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bohemian_Rhapsody", "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yiS0PCLzXio", "http://www.songfacts.com/detail.php?id=685", "http://www.queenzone.com/forums/1279006/the-meaning-behind-the-lyrics-of-bohemian-rhapsody-.aspx" ] }

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[ "$41,000" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The average salary for flight attendant jobs is $41,000. Average flight attendant salaries can vary greatly due to company, location, industry, experience and benefits. This salary was calculated using the average salary for all jobs with the term flight attendant anywhere in the job listing.", "The site indicates the median flight attendant salary is $37,240 a year. Under flight attendants pay at the Bureau of Labor Statistics the lowest 10% of flight attendants earned less than $27,240 a year. The top 10% of flight attendants earned a salary of $66,460 a year.", "A Flight Attendant earns an average wage of C$21.90 per hour. Most people with this job move on to other positions after 10 years in this career.", "Newark is home to an above-average pay rate for Flight Attendants, 79 percent higher than the national average. Flight Attendants will also find cushy salaries in Detroit (+15 percent), New York (+10 percent), San Francisco (+7 percent), and Los Angeles (+7 percent).", "The median annual wage for flight attendants was $37,240 in May 2012. The median wage is the wage at which half the workers in an occupation earned more than that amount and half earned less. The lowest 10 percent earned less than $27,240, and the top 10 percent earned more than $66,460.", "A Flight Attendant can get average salaries in a range of 32000 to 48000 depending on education and tenure levels. Flight Attendants usually get a salary of Forty One Thousand Seven Hundred dollars per year.", "Flight Attendant Salary. (United States). The average Flight Attendant in the United States can expect to rake in roughly $20.58 per hour. Total cash compensation for Flight Attendants runs from $22K to $81K depending on bonuses that can occasionally exceed $3K and profit sharing that can reach almost $4K.", "Flight attendants earned a mean $41,720 per year as of May 2011, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Pay could range from less than $24,990 per year to above $62,470 per year. Because these jobs are characterized by irregular work hours, the BLS does not calculate their hourly wages." ], "url": [ "http://www.simplyhired.com/salaries-k-flight-attendant-jobs.html", "http://www.flightattendantfacts.com/flight-attendant-salary", "http://www.payscale.com/research/CA/Job=Flight_Attendant/Hourly_Rate", "http://www.payscale.com/research/US/Job=Flight_Attendant/Hourly_Rate", "http://www.bls.gov/ooh/Transportation-and-Material-Moving/Flight-attendants.htm", "https://www.recruiter.com/salaries/flight-attendants-salary/", "http://www.payscale.com/research/US/Job=Flight_Attendant/Hourly_Rate", "http://work.chron.com/average-salary-flight-attendants-6514.html" ] }

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[ "Popliteal lymph node is located in the legs near the knees at the popliteal fossa." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Very small popliteal lymph nodes are located in the legs. Most of them can be found embedded in the fat of the popliteal fossa. AXILLARY LYMPH NODES. In the axillary region, the lymph nodes are located in the underarm region. INGUINAL NODES. Inguinal nodes are located in the legs and groin and receive lymph from the legs, the outer part of the genitalia and the lower abdominal wall; SUBMANDIBULAR NODES. The submandibular nodes can be found between the mandible and the submandibular gland.", "Popliteal swelling and Swollen lymph nodes. 1 Popliteal swelling AND Swollen lymph nodes-Causes of All Symptoms. 2 Popliteal swelling OR Swollen lymph nodes - 443 causes. ", "Lymphadenopathy in Dogs. Lymph nodes (or glands), are small masses of tissue that can be found throughout the body. They play an integral part in the functioning of the dog's immune system, acting as filters for the blood, and as storage places for white blood cells. Consequently, they are often the first indicators of disease in the tissues. Swelling in one of the legs is also possible as a result of swollen lymph nodes at the back of the leg (popliteal), or near the joint of the leg (axillary – correlating with the armpit).", "-inguinal (in each groin area of the back legs). -popliteal (behind each knee, on the back of each back leg). There is an article about lymph nodes in pets HERE. Toward the middle of the article, it talks about each of the five lymph nodes I mentioned, and shows where they are located. It shows the location on a cat, but it's the same on a dog. I hope this helps.", "The popliteal lymph nodes are in two sets: the deep popliteal nodes near to the popliteal vessels and the superficial popliteal lymph node associated with the small saphenous vein. The deep lymphatic trunks and lateral superficial trunks within the legs feed them. In the popliteal node, a ... Click to read more below. Popliteal Nodes. The popliteal nodes, or popliteal lymph nodes, include six or seven nodes and are located in the legs near the knees at the popliteal fossa. They service the lower legs and feet for the lymphatic system", "Summary Information: Popliteal Lymph Nodes. Popliteal Lymph Nodes: Popliteal lymph nodes are glands that are a part of the immune system and are located in the knee area. Popliteal lymph nodes consist of lymphatic tissues enclosed by a fibrous capsule. Popliteal lymph nodes contain sinuses, germinal centers, trabeculae, scavenger cells, and reticular fibers. Conditions that can afflict popliteal lymph nodes include foot infections, lower leg infections, lymphadenopathy, swollen lymph nodes, metastasis of cancer, leukemia, and lymphoma.", "Small, rounded structures along the small vessels of the lymphatic system that are part of the immune system. Lymph nodes are tiny spherical structures the size of a pin hea … d in groups into which the lymphatic vessels drain through afferent vessels. The nodes filter the lymph, storing and destroying microorganisms by the production of lymphocytes. Once filtered the lymph leaves the node through the efferent lymph vessel." ], "url": [ "http://webset-lms.com/vtct/Course.aspx?id=3947", "http://symptoms.rightdiagnosis.com/cosymptoms/popliteal-swelling/swollen-lymph-nodes.htm", "http://www.petmd.com/dog/conditions/cancer/c_multi_lymphadenopathy", "http://www.justanswer.com/pet-dog/60qb0-lymphnodes-located-dog-thanks.html", "http://www.innerbody.com/anatomy/immune-lymphatic/popliteal-nodes", "http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/organ/popliteal_lymph_nodes.htm", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Where_is_dog_popliteal_lymph_node" ] }

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[ "It is a sovereign state governed as a single entity." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Definition of Unitary form of Government. Unitary form of Government is a converse of federation and is a system in which all powers are centralized in the hands of a central government. A single central government controls the whole state with full might. In unitary system, all powers are centralized in the hands of the central government and only center is the reservoir of all state powers. In this system, there is no a province or provincial governments and constitution empower the central government to legislate, execute and adjudicate with full might.", "A unitary state is a state governed as one single power in which the central government is ultimately supreme and any administrative divisions (subnational units) exercise only powers that their central government chooses to delegate. The majority of states in the world have a unitary system of government. 1 Although political power in unitary states may be delegated through devolution to local government by statute, the central government remains supreme; it may abrogate the acts of devolved governments or curtail their powers. 2 The United Kingdom is an example of a unitary state.", "Unitary Government is a system of government in which all governmental authority is vested in a central government. The regional and local governments derive their powers from the central government. Sovereign power is vested with the central government and governance is conducted by it. The central government will stay supreme even if powers are delegated to regional governments. The United Kingdom is an example of a nation having a unitary system of government.", "Unitary states are contrasted with federal states (federations) and confederal states (confederation): 1 In a unitary state, subnational units are created and abolished, and their powers may be broadened and narrowed, by the central government. 1 Although political power in unitary states may be delegated through devolution to local government by statute, the central government remains supreme; it may abrogate the acts of devolved governments or curtail their powers. 2 The United Kingdom is an example of a unitary state.", "A unitary government may be defined as on in which the powers are concentrated in the hands of a central government. There may be sub-divisions, but they are not free from the … control of the central government. They are the creation or and derive their power from, the central government and as such are subordinate to the same in all respects. They are the mere agents of the central government. The best examples of the unitary government are that of Great Britain and France, Italy, Belgium, Japan and so on.", "unitary government. LINK / CITE ADD TO WORD LIST. noun. The definition of a unitary government or unitary state is a system of political organization with a central supreme government which holds the authority over and makes the decisions for subordinate local governments. An example of a unitary government is the United Kingdom overseeing Scotland. ", "Best Answer: The unitary system gives the main powers to the central government. State, provincial, and local governments are all created by the central government. The non-central governments have only the powers that are appointed by the central government. ", "A unitary system of government, or unitary state, is a sovereign state governed as a single entity. The central government is supreme, and the administrative divisions exercise only powers that the central government has delegated to them. Unitary states contrast with federal states, such as the United States, in which power is shared between the federal government and the states. (The states themselves are unitary.) More than 150 countries are unitary states, including France, China, and Japan." ], "url": [ "http://www.studylecturenotes.com/social-sciences/law/428-unitary-form-of-government-definition-a-characteristics-of-unitary-state", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unitary_state", "http://definitions.uslegal.com/u/unitary-government/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unitary_state", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Definition_of_unitary_government", "http://www.yourdictionary.com/unitary-government", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20070302222401AAI1Ytf", "http://www.chegg.com/homework-help/definitions/unitary-system-of-government-53" ] }

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[ "Mayan Indians speak a form of the Mayan language. The Mayan language family has about 28 different dialects. Most Mayan Indians also speak some Spanish. A number also speak English." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The Mayan language family is one of the best documented and most studied in the Americas. Modern Mayan languages descend from Proto-Mayan, a language thought to have been spoken at least 5,000 years ago; it has been partially reconstructed using the comparative method. K'iche' (Quiche) , quiché The mayan language with the largest number of, speakers is spoken by 1,000,000 1000000'k' Iche maya in The guatemalan, highlands around the towns Of chichicastenango And quetzaltenango and in The cuchumatan, cuchumatán mountains as well as by urban Emigrants In. guatemala city", "Mayan Language and Geography all rights reserved 2000 Language Today, in the shrinking world, the number of spoken Mayan dialects number thirty-one. The majority of these dialects are very limited geographically. Somewhere under 95% of all indigenous Mayans are bilingual speakers. That is, they speak their own native dialect, and also Spanish.", "Mayan languages are the descendants of a proto-language called Proto-Mayan or, in K'iche' Maya, Nab'ee Maya' Tzij (the old Maya Language). The Proto-Mayan language is believed to have been spoken in the Cuchumatanes highlands of central Guatemala in an area corresponding roughly to where Q'anjobalan is spoken today. K'iche' (Quiche) , quiché The mayan language with the largest number of, speakers is spoken by 1,000,000 1000000'k' Iche maya in The guatemalan, highlands around the towns Of chichicastenango And quetzaltenango and in The cuchumatan, cuchumatán mountains as well as by urban Emigrants In. guatemala city", "The Mayan languages are primarily distributed across southern Mexico, Belize, and Guatemala, with a few languages also spoken in central Mexico, Honduras, and El Salvador. The most spoken Mayan language, by far, is K'iche' with 2.3 million speakers and the largest indigenous population in Guatemala. K'iche' (Quiche) , quiché The mayan language with the largest number of, speakers is spoken by 1,000,000 1000000'k' Iche maya in The guatemalan, highlands around the towns Of chichicastenango And quetzaltenango and in The cuchumatan, cuchumatán mountains as well as by urban Emigrants In. guatemala city", "Mayan Indians speak a form of the Mayan language. The Mayan language family has about 28 different dialects. Most Mayan Indians also speak some Spanish. A number also speak English. A large number have come to the United States as illegal immigrants. They periodically return to their homeland. The Aztecs speak Nahuatl. The Incas speak Quechua. The Mayas speak various Mayan dialects including Cholan, Quiche, Yucatec and Lacandon. Edit. Share to: Mark Swarthout. 775,875 Contributions. Contract attorney. When not working I teach karate, collect stamps, write books, and play the ukulele.", "Mayan Languages. Mayan Languages. Mayan language had many dialects-Qhuche, Cakchiquel, Kekchi, and Mam-is still spoken by about 300,000 persons, of whom two-thirds are pure Maya, the remainder being whites and of mixed blood are still spoken today, although the majority of Indians also speak Spanish. This Proto-Mayan language is thought to have been spoken in the Guatemalan Cuchumatanes highlands where the first expansion occurred around 2200 BCE resulting in the first splitting of the Huastecan branch from Mayan proper which then split into Proto-Yucatecan and Proto-Cholan.", "Today, there millions of Maya living in the Yucatan Peninsula in Mexico. Many of them still speak a modern-day version of the Mayan language and even more of them still pr … actice the Mayan religion (See Popol Vuh for the text of their bible).", "Mayan languages are spoken by at least 6 million indigenous Maya, primarily in Guatemala, Mexico, Belize and Honduras. In 1996, Guatemala formally recognized 21 Mayan languages by name, and Mexico recognizes eight more within their territory. K'iche' (Quiche) , quiché The mayan language with the largest number of, speakers is spoken by 1,000,000 1000000'k' Iche maya in The guatemalan, highlands around the towns Of chichicastenango And quetzaltenango and in The cuchumatan, cuchumatán mountains as well as by urban Emigrants In. guatemala city", "One is from the southern area of the Maya and the other from the Yucatan peninsula. With the advent of the Spanish, the prestige language became Spanish. Today, it's estimated that about 6 million indigenous Mayans still speak Mayan languages. Most of these people live in Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, and Mexico. Ancient Mayan Language. Ancient Mayan Language-Hieroglyphs. The Maya spoke various Maya family languages some of which were phonetically transcribed via hieroglyphs. The Maya painted their words on bark paper that has disintegrated, but also wrote on more enduring substances." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayan_languages", "http://mayanarchaeology.tripod.com/id12.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayan_languages", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayan_languages", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_language_did_and_do_the_Mayans_speak", "http://www.crystalinks.com/mayanlanguages.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_did_the_Mayans_speak", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayan_languages", "http://incamayanaztec.com/ancient-mayan-language.html" ] }

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[ "Soft-bodied invertebrates mollusks" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "By Laura Klappenbach. Cephalopods (Cephalopoda) are a group of mollusks that include 3,300 living species. Members of this group include the octopuses, cuttlefish, squid and nautiluses. Cephalopods are exclusively marine animals. They include the largest, most intelligent and most mobile of all mollusks. ", "Brad Seibel. Octopuses, squids, and similar animals are members of a group of ocean invertebrates (animals with no backbone) called cephalopods. Cephalopods are a kind of mollusk, a group of animals that also includes clams, oysters, and snails. ", "There are over 50,000 known species of Mollusks, which makes them second only to the Arthropods in invertebrate phylum size. Among the Mollusks are some of the most well known of invertebrate sea creatures, like snails, clams, mussels, squid, and octopods. ", "The molluscs or mollusks /ˈmɒləsks/ compose the large phylum of invertebrate animals known as the Mollusca. Around 85,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized. Molluscs are the largest marine phylum, comprising about 23% of all the named marine organisms. ", "The giant squid IS a mollusk. Because octopuses (or octopus) are mollusks, that makes the squid a mollusk because they are exactly alike except they swim different. Plus it ha … s a calcareous shell which means more pieces like one, two, or three pieces. 1 person found this useful. Octopuses and squids are both cephalopods (a type of mollusk) and they have many traits in common. They both have tentacles, both propel themselves by ejecting water from an o … pening specially developed for that purpose, and both have relatively large brains. They both live in saltwater.", "The stomach-foots (class Gastropoda) contains about 70% of all mollusk species. The stomach-foots include snails, limpets and abalones, which have shells. Slugs and nudibranchs are also stomach-foots, but do not have shells. A few stomach-foots are found on land. Cephalopods, like most mollusks, have a mantle, a mantle cavity, a radula, and a U-shaped digestive tract. Cephalopods have two kidneys and three hearts, which pump blue blood. They are carnivores that feed on fish, shrimp, crabs and other cephalopods.", "By Laura Klappenbach. Mollusks (Mollusca) are a group of invertebrates that includes squid, octopuses, cuttlefish, nudibranchs, snails, slugs, limpets, sea hares, mussels, clams, oysters, scallops, as well as many less well-known animals. Scientists estimate that there are more than 100,000 species of mollusks alive today. 1 Gastropods are the most diverse of the mollusk groups. 2 Members of this group include limpets, top shells, periwinkles, sundial shells, sea hares, nudibranchs, snails and slugs. 3 Cephalopods (Cephalopoda) - There are about 800 species of cephalopod" ], "url": [ "http://animals.about.com/od/molluscs/p/cephalopods.htm", "http://teacher.scholastic.com/activities/explorations/squid/libraryarticle.asp?ItemID=213&SubjectID=113&categoryID=5", "http://oceanicresearch.org/education/wonders/mollusk.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mollusca", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Which_kind_of_mollusk_includes_squid_and_octopuses", "http://www.mbgnet.net/salt/oceans/animals/mollusk.htm", "http://animals.about.com/od/molluscs/p/molluscs.htm" ] }

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[ "It was fought in the vicinity of teh manassas river in virginia." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "A+E Networks. On July 21, 1861, Union and Confederate armies clashed near Manassas Junction, Virginia, in the first major land battle of the American Civil War. Introduction. On July 21, 1861, Union and Confederate armies clashed near Manassas Junction, Virginia, in the first major land battle of the American Civil War.", "The First Battle of Bull Run was a battle that happened in Manasses, Virginia on July 21, 1861, during the US Civil War. It was the first major engagement between the opposi … ng armies of the North (Union) and South (Confederacy). The defeat of the Union forces dispelled any hope of a quick end to the war. A second battle at this location, called the Second Battle of Bull Run was fought a year later, on August 28-30, 1862. This was another, less overwhelming victory for the Confederacy, and likely the high point for the South in the war. It was the culmination of an offensive campaign waged by Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia against Union Maj. Gen. John Pope's Army of Virginia, and a battle of much larger scale and numbers than the First Battle of Bull Run (First Manassas) fought in 1861 on the same ground.", "The First Battle of Bull Run was a battle that happened in Manasses, Virginia on July 21, 1861, during the US Civil War. It was the first major engagement between the opposi … ng armies of the North (Union) and South (Confederacy). The defeat of the Union forces dispelled any hope of a quick end to the war. A second battle at this location, called the Second Battle of Bull Run was fought a year later, on August 28-30, 1862. This was another, less overwhelming victory for the Confederacy, and likely the high point for the South in the war.", "Submit. · just now. Report Abuse. The first major battle of the Civil War was fought in Virginia, near the Manassas, Virginia railway junction, after which the battle is called (or First Bull Run, named after the flowing stream on the battlefield, if of the Union persuasion). Report Abuse. it was called bull run by the confederacy cuz the federals ran away cuz they got thier rears kicked, the federals called it manassas cuz it was fought in the vicinity of teh manassas river in virginia.", "The First Battle of Bull Run, also known as First Manassas (the name used by Confederate forces), was fought on July 21, 1861, in Prince William County, Virginia, near the city of Manassas, not far from the city of Washington, D.C. ", "Neither side called the Civil War-Bull Run or Manassas. The battle that took place near the town of Manassas went by different names depending on what side you were on. The North called the Civil War, The Civil War.. ", "The Confederate name for the first battle of Bull Run was First Manassas, the second battle is called Second Manassas. The Confederate name of the Battle of Antietam is the Battle of Sharpsburg. It was the culmination of an offensive campaign waged by Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia against Union Maj. Gen. John Pope's Army of Virginia, and a battle of much larger scale and numbers than the First Battle of Bull Run (First Manassas) fought in 1861 on the same ground.", "Location: Manassas, Virginia. The Battle was called the First Battle of Bull Run by the north because of a stream where it was fought. However, the south called the battle First Manassas. Key Individuals Involved in the First Battle of Bull Run: Union: Brigadier General Irvin McDowell. Of those, 3,000 were Union soldiers. Significance of the First Battle of Bull Run: This was the first major land battle of the Civil War. It was also the battle that made the war become real to many. Before the First Battle of Bull Run, many in the north and the south had romanticized the war." ], "url": [ "http://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/first-battle-of-bull-run", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Why_is_the_battle_called_bull_run", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Why_did_they_call_it_the_battle_of_bull_run", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20070127072210AA1GC1f", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Battle_of_Bull_Run", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090506211146AAm841u", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Why_is_the_battle_called_bull_run", "http://americanhistory.about.com/od/civilwarbattles/p/cwbattle_bull1.htm" ] }

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[ "Lied (singular) and Lieder (plural)." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "German art song is known as lied, or lieder when referring to its plural form. Early lieder were monophonic and existed during the 12th to 13th centuries. By the 14th century, polyphonic lieder were preferred which reached its peak by the mid-16th century. Answer: Art song can be traced back to the Medieval period but became especially popular during the Romantic era. Thus, it is considered a genre of Romantic music. Art song is written by a professional composer and performed by a trained singer. The main characteristics of an art song are;", "Art songs have been composed in many languages, and are known by several names. The German tradition of art song composition is perhaps the most prominent one; it is known as Lieder. In France, the term Melodie mélodie distinguishes art songs from Other french vocal pieces referred to as. chansons", "The German tradition of art song composition is perhaps the most prominent one; it is known as Lieder. In France, the term Melodie mélodie distinguishes art songs from Other french vocal pieces referred to as. Chansons The Spanish cancion canción And The italian canzone refer to songs generally and not specifically to. art songs The German tradition of art song composition is perhaps the most prominent one; it is known as Lieder. In France, the term Melodie mélodie distinguishes art songs from Other french vocal pieces referred to as. chansons", "Another term that one encounters in the field of art song or Lieder is: accompanist. Usually that is a pianist. And there is the perception that the pianist is just a voice in the background to support the singer. Yes, there are art songs with orchestra etc., but that will do for a beginning. You already know at least one art song, Brahms’ Lullaby. The first verse is taken from a collection of German folk poems called Des Knaben Wunderhorn; the second stanza was written by Georg Scherer (1824 – 1909) in 1849. .", "There are over 600 Franz Schubert songs, which the composer penned in his short life. Schubert was a master of the genre. The proper name for the Franz Schubert songs is actually lieder, which is just the German word for song. It describes this particular type of classical art song, which has a singer accompanied by piano. Schubert had a huge impact on the lieder genre. It has two obvious parts: one to represent the Maiden, which has agitated music, and a very sombre section which is Death's music. 1 An die Musik (To Music), D547. 2 A cozy-sounding little song, which praises the art of music. 3 It's one of Schubert's most popular art songs. 4 Die Forelle (The Trout), D550.", "Here’s art song’s brief description: a poem set to music, usually for trained voice and piano with a duration of about three minutes. Other English words are solo song, art-song, artsong, classical song, piano song etc. In German the word for such classical song is Lied (singular) and Lieder (plural). It is the German practice to capitalize their nouns. Yes, there are art songs with orchestra etc., but that will do for a beginning. You already know at least one art song, Brahms’ Lullaby. The first verse is taken from a collection of German folk poems called Des Knaben Wunderhorn; the second stanza was written by Georg Scherer (1824 – 1909) in 1849. .", "Lied (. [liːt] ; plural Lieder [ˈliːdɐ] ; German for song) originally denoted in classical music the setting of Romantic German poems to music, especially during the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Examples include settings by Ludwig van Beethoven and Franz Schubert. Among English speakers, however, Lied is often used interchangeably with art song to encompass works that the tradition has inspired in other languages. The poems that have been made into Lieder often center on pastoral themes or themes of romantic love.", "For German-speakers, the term Lied has a long history ranging from 12th-century troubadour songs (Minnesang) via folk songs (Volkslieder) and church hymns (Kirchenlieder) to 20th-century workers' songs (Arbeiterlieder) or protest songs (Kabarettlieder, Protestlieder). Among English speakers, however, Lied is often used interchangeably with art song to encompass works that the tradition has inspired in other languages. The poems that have been made into Lieder often center on pastoral themes or themes of romantic love.", "An art song is a vocal music composition, usually written for one voice with piano accompaniment, and usually in the classical, art music tradition. By extension, the term art song is used to refer to the genre of such songs. An art song is most often a musical setting of an independent poem or text, intended for the concert repertory as part of a recital or other relatively formal social occasion. The German tradition of art song composition is perhaps the most prominent one; it is known as Lieder. In France, the term Melodie mélodie distinguishes art songs from Other french vocal pieces referred to as. chansons" ], "url": [ "http://musiced.about.com/od/faqs/f/artsong.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_song", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_song", "http://lottelehmannleague.org/art-song-terms/", "http://www.favorite-classical-composers.com/franz-schubert-songs.html", "http://lottelehmannleague.org/art-song-terms/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lied", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lied", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_song" ] }

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[ "$63,340 per year.", "Roughly $69,540" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The highest salaries are enjoyed in business and industry consultation, with a median of $100,000. Working directly with schools to deliver human services offers a median annual salary of $87,000. Job Outlook. There are many teaching positions that require someone with a master's in educational psychology. Although most people get involved in school psychology because they have a genuine interest in education and a desire to ensure attainment is possible for all people, it is also a very financially rewarding career. The highest earners are those who hold a doctorate degree, as they can expect a median salary of $110,000.", "Salaries vary depending on employer and specialization. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the average annual salary for clinical, counseling and school psychologists is $72,710 as of May 2013 (www.bls.org). Yearly salaries ranged from less than $39,020 to more than $112,380. Those working specifically in elementary and secondary schools earned an average wage of $71,840 annually.", "Average Educational Psychologist salaries for job postings nationwide are 1% lower than average salaries for all job postings nationwide. ", "With a mean salary of $72,710 per year, school psychologists earn more than many other social services jobs within the education system. School counselors earn a mean annual salary of $56,160, while elementary school teachers earn $56,320 and special education teachers for middle schools earn $59,540. ", "Your duties will be very vast and depend mainly on where you work in terms of the organization and geographical location. Salary Feature. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, educational psychologists who work in elementary or secondary schools would earn a median salary of $63,340 per year. Those who work in research and development would earn significantly more, with a median salary of $84,060 per year. Although most people get involved in school psychology because they have a genuine interest in education and a desire to ensure attainment is possible for all people, it is also a very financially rewarding career. The highest earners are those who hold a doctorate degree, as they can expect a median salary of $110,000.", "See what you’ll earn after you get your psychology degree. A psychologist’s salary varies greatly depending upon level of education and the environment in which a psychology professional practices. Psychology salaries for doctorate-holders will average $6,000 to $8,000 more per year than those with a master’s degree. ", "According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the median annual salary for clinical, counseling and school psychologists was $67,880 in May of 2011. The median annual salary for psychologists across all areas of specialization was $90,010 in that same year. ", "According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, a group containing school psychologists earned a median annual salary of $72,540 in 2010. Those that worked in elementary schools earned a median salary of $71,070, and those that worked in individual and family services earned roughly $69,540. 1 Edward Lee Thorndike wrote the first book on educational psychology and started the Journal of Educational Psychology.", "Find out what kind of salaries you should expect in the educational psychology field. From the start, we are already behind countries like China and Japan. What they do in 12 months, we have to do in 9. This is the foundation for the continually increasing salaries of educational psychologists. In America, we need better efficiency in the process of creating educated and highly capable students, and ultimately, workforce.", "Outlook for an Educational Psychologist. The BLS notes a favorable occupational outlook for clinical, counseling and school psychologists, with job opportunities expected to grow by 11% between 2012-2022, about as fast as average for all occupations. Yearly salaries ranged from less than $39,020 to more than $112,380. Those working specifically in elementary and secondary schools earned an average wage of $71,840 annually." ], "url": [ "http://mastersinpsychologyguide.com/articles/educational-psychology-salary-masters-phd-students", "http://study.com/articles/Educational_Psychology_Job_Description_Salary_and_Outlook.html", "http://www.indeed.com/salary/Educational-Psychologist.html", "http://money.usnews.com/careers/best-jobs/school-psychologist/salary", "http://mastersinpsychologyguide.com/articles/educational-psychology-salary-masters-phd-students", "http://www.allpsychologyschools.com/psychology/psychology-salaries/", "http://careersinpsychology.org/becoming-a-child-psychologist/", "http://careersinpsychology.org/educational-psychologist/", "http://www.allpsychologycareers.com/salary/educational-psychologist-salaries.html", "http://study.com/articles/Educational_Psychology_Job_Description_Salary_and_Outlook.html" ] }

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[ "Dhivehi and English" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "English is commonly spoken in government. In Maldives the national and official language is Dhivehi. English and some Indian languages are also spoken in Maldives. Most languages in South Asia are closely tied to particular nations, and as a result, further divide the people from one another.", "Most speakers of Maldivian live in the Maldives, where it is the national language of the island-nation. Maldivian is also spoken in Minicoy Island in the Union Territory of Lakshadweep, India, while a few have migrated to Thiruvananthapuram, Kochi and elsewhere in the state of Kerala.", "The language is widely used for conversing with people. Since, it involves the use of many English, Hindi and Arabic words, it seems to resemble various languages spoken in Sri Lanka, South East Asia and North India. Read on to know more about the common languages of Maldives.", "Maldives Language. The language of the Maldivians is Dhivehi and displays much resemblance to several other languages from Sri Lanka, South East Asia, North India. It contains many Arabic, Hindi and English words. Historically speaking the early people spoke Elu a form of ancient Singhalese.", "Hence it is similar to many of the languages spoken in North India, South East Asia, and Sri Lanka. Though there are a few dialects of Dhivehi spoken in the Maldives, formal Dhivehi is used in education and all government transactions.", "Other languages spoken in Maldives include English, which is also recognized as the second main language. Initially, Dhivehi was used as the medium of teaching in schools, but the need to promote higher education led to the conversion of syllabus in English.", "A collection of useful phrases in Maldivian, an Indo-Aryan language spoken in the Maldives and on India's Minicoy Islands. To see these phrases in many other languages click on the English versions." ], "url": [ "http://www.cotf.edu/earthinfo/sasia/SApeo.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maldivian_language", "http://maldives.tourism-srilanka.com/travel-tips/language.html", "http://www.themaldives.com/culture/language.html", "http://www.mymaldives.com/maldives/language/", "http://maldives.tourism-srilanka.com/travel-tips/language.html", "http://www.omniglot.com/language/phrases/maldivian.php" ] }

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[ "Parent limestone or dolostone rocks" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Marble is a metamorphic rock that forms when limestone is subjected to the heat and pressure of metamorphism. Under the conditions of metamorphism the calcite in the limestone recrystallizes to form a rock that is a mass of interlocking calcite crystals. A related rock, dolomitic marble, is produced when dolostone is subjected to heat and pressure. Photo Gallery: The Many Uses of Marble.", "Before metamorphism, the calcite in the limestone is often in the form of lithified fossil material and biological debris. During metamorphism, this calcite recrystallizes and the texture of the rock changes. In the early stages of the limestone-to-marble transformation the calcite crystals in the rock are very small. Under the conditions of metamorphism the calcite in the limestone recrystallizes to form a rock that is a mass of interlocking calcite crystals. A related rock, dolomitic marble, is produced when dolostone is subjected to heat and pressure. Photo Gallery: The Many Uses of Marble.", "Marble is a non-foliated metamorphic rock composed of recrystallized carbonate minerals, most commonly calcite or dolomite. Geologists use the term marble to refer to metamorphosed limestone; however, stonemasons use the term more broadly to encompass unmetamorphosed limestone. Marble is a rock resulting from metamorphism of sedimentary carbonate rocks, most commonly limestone or dolomite rock. Metamorphism causes variable recrystallization of the original carbonate mineral grains.", "Examples of metamorphic rocks include anthracite, quartzite, marble, slate, granulite, gneiss and schist. Anthracite is a type of coal with a high carbon count, few impurities and with a high luster (meaning it looks shiny). Marble is a metamorphic rock that is formed from the sedimentary rock limestone. Granulite is a metamorphic rock that is formed from the igneous rock basalt. Learn about sedimentary rocks, igneous rocks, other rocks and minerals or fossils. Make a fossil cast or check out our rock sorting lesson plan.", "Metamorphic rocks arise from the transformation of existing rock types, in a process called metamorphism, which means change in form. The original rock (protolith) is subjected to heat (temperatures greater than 150 to 200 °C) and pressure (1500 bars), causing profound physical and/or chemical change. Textures are separated into foliated and non-foliated categories. Foliated rock is a product of differential stress that deforms the rock in one plane, sometimes creating a plane of cleavage. For example, slate is a foliated metamorphic rock, originating from shale.", "Marble is a metamorphic rock formed when limestone is exposed to high temperatures and pressures. Marble forms under such conditions because the calcite forming the limestone recrystallises forming a denser rock consisting of roughly equigranular calcite crystals. ", "Color: Marble is usually a light-colored rock. When it is formed from a limestone with very few impurities it will be white in color. Marble that contains impurities such as clay minerals, iron oxides or bituminous material can be bluish, gray, pink, yellow or black in color. Marble of extremely high purity with a bright white color is very useful. Under the conditions of metamorphism the calcite in the limestone recrystallizes to form a rock that is a mass of interlocking calcite crystals. A related rock, dolomitic marble, is produced when dolostone is subjected to heat and pressure. Photo Gallery: The Many Uses of Marble." ], "url": [ "http://geology.com/rocks/marble.shtml", "http://geology.com/rocks/marble.shtml", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marble", "http://www.sciencekids.co.nz/sciencefacts/earth/metamorphicrocks.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metamorphic_rock", "http://flexiblelearning.auckland.ac.nz/rocks_minerals/rocks/marble.html", "http://geology.com/rocks/marble.shtml" ] }

[]

[ "Yes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Karna’s death was inevitable as he was siding with falsehood all his life. Moreover, his ambitions to overthrow Arjun were not valid. When the hour of his death arrived, however, Karna readily accepted to die as he had realized that it will be beneficial for the world if he agrees to embrace death. Kunti reveals that Karna is their elder brother and he had promised her not to kill her other sons except Arjun. This truth freezes the Pandav brothers and they sink into deep remorse for having been killed their own brother. Karna’s foster mother Radha and his wife Vrushali also come on the scene.", "28. The Pandava Queen Kunti before marriage had a son, Karna, who, in manhood,became the commander of the Kaurava host. To hide her shame she abandonedhim at birth, and a charioteer, Adhiratha, brought him up as his son. KARNA. ", "1 Kunti did not know his [Karna's] fate till years later, when she was not in a position to acknowledge him as her son. 2 The son, on his part, never forgave the mother for having abandoned him. 3 From the minute of his birth to well after his death this child was a constant source of dread and sorrow to the mother. She later married Pandu and bore Yudhisthira, w:Bhima and Arjuna. After the death of her husband, Kunti did not commit sati, but his other wife Madri did.", "The ambiguous emotions Karna felt about his birth mother play an important role in the Mahabharata. She later married Pandu and bore Yudhisthira, w:Bhima and Arjuna. After the death of her husband, Kunti did not commit sati, but his other wife Madri did. Kunti took care of Nakula and Sahadeva, the sons of Madri, as her own sons. Kunti perished in a forest fire in the Himalayas with her brother-in-law King Dhritarashtra and his wife Gandhari and attained heaven", "In Hindu mythology, Kunti (Sanskrit: कुन्ती Kuntī) was the daughter of Shurasena, and the foster daughter of his cousin Kuntibhoja. Kunti was the biological daughter of the Shurasena, a Yadava chief. Her birth name was Pritha. Kunti was the sister of Vasudeva, the father of Krishna and shared close relationship with Krishna.", "Karna – the most virtuous but tragic warrior from Mahabharata. Karna was the eldest son of Kunti. He was born before Kunti was wedded, so Kunti had to let him go and He, being the eldest and most deserving, had to live his life in obscurity. The only fault was his timing of birth, where he had no control over. Birth of Karna. Karna was born before his mother Kunti was married to prince Pandu. Kunti was granted a boon from sage Durvasa who was very pleased with her service and hospitality. The boon was that she can call upon any God to beget a child. Out of curiosity Kunti still being unmarried wanted to test the power of mantra", "Now Arjun fires a bow which brings down Karna's head from the trunk and leaves him dead! There are plenty of questions in the mind of Kunti and she mourns the death of her illegitimate son Karna. See it amazingly presented in Krishna serial by Ramanand Sagar. 1 Film & Animation. ", "Story Behind Karna. Karna was the son of Kunti from the Sun God. The story is that Kunti, while still very young, had occasion to serve Rishi (sage) Durvasha. She looked after him with great dedication. Durvasha was highly pleased. ", "As a result, Arjun shoots his special arrow on him and Karna falls down almost dead on the ground. His mother Kunti arrives on the spot and takes his head on her lap. She cries inconsolably for her son’s fate which shocks the Pandavas. The brothers ask her why she is crying for an enemy. Kunti reveals that Karna is their elder brother and he had promised her not to kill her other sons except Arjun. This truth freezes the Pandav brothers and they sink into deep remorse for having been killed their own brother. Karna’s foster mother Radha and his wife Vrushali also come on the scene. Radha abuses Kunti angrily for taking away her son’s life. Karna, however, consoles her and tells Radha that she should not be sad as it was because Kunti abandoned him, that he came into her life as son" ], "url": [ "http://www.pinkvilla.com/tvtags/arjun/mahabharat-what-happened-after-karna-s-death", "http://www.online-literature.com/tagore-rabindranath/the-fugitive/10/", "https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Kunti", "https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Kunti", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunti", "http://ritsin.com/seven-unknown-facts-about-karna-mahabharat-indian-mythology.html/", "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jf8E7XzZIiU", "http://karna.org/story_behind_karna.html", "http://www.pinkvilla.com/tvtags/arjun/mahabharat-what-happened-after-karna-s-death" ] }

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[ "Used in the optical determination of minerals and in the study of polarized light." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "In practice, the quartz wedge compensator is inserted at a 45-degree angle (with respect to the polarizer and analyzer) into the microscope optical train through a DIN slot located in the microscope nosepiece or an intermediate tube positioned between the frame and the observation tubes.", "A typical quartz wedge has an effective range of 4 orders (approximately 500 to 2000 nanometers) and is commonly employed for qualitative retardation measurements of petrographic specimens (rock and mineral thin sections) or other birefringent materials whose retardation value falls within the wedge limits.", "The quartz wedge is a simple, semi-quantitative compensator designed around a crystalline block of quartz cut with an elongated wedge angle so that the optical axis of the quartz is oriented either parallel or perpendicular to the edge of the birefringent crystal.", "Definition of QUARTZ WEDGE. : a piece of quartz cut in a thin wedge and used in the optical determination of minerals and in the study of polarized light. ADVERTISEMENT. This word doesn't usually appear in our free dictionary, but the definition from our premium Unabridged Dictionary is offered here on a limited basis.", "The Quartz Wedge Compensator. The quartz wedge is a simple, semi-quantitative compensator designed around a crystalline block of quartz cut with an elongated wedge angle so that the optical axis of the quartz is oriented either parallel or perpendicular to the edge of the birefringent crystal." ], "url": [ "http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/primer/java/compensators/quartzwedge/index.html", "http://www.olympusmicro.com/primer/techniques/polarized/quartzwedge.html", "http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/primer/techniques/polarized/quartzwedge.html", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/quartz%20wedge", "http://www.olympusmicro.com/primer/techniques/polarized/quartzwedge.html" ] }

[]

[ "Yes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Nutritional Needs of Plants. Now that you have your tank setup with a good substrate and good lighting you need to supply your plants with a balanced diet of nutrients to begin growing a beautiful planted tank for your fish. First of all, the stronger the lighting you have, the hungrier your plants will be.", "Now that you have your tank setup with a good substrate and good lighting you need to supply your plants with a balanced diet of nutrients to begin growing a beautiful planted tank for your fish. First of all, the stronger the lighting you have, the hungrier your plants will be.", "Flourite can also be mixed with gravel, sand, and other types of substrate to provide your plants with healthy nutrients. If you plan to use flourite alone as the substrate in your planted tank you will only need about one pound per gallon.", "When using gravel as substrate in a planted tank, make sure the gravel is deep enough to cover the roots of your plants and to allow them space to grow. Sand-Sand is another popular substrate in planted tanks because it gives the aquarium a natural look.", "You also have to provide substrate at the proper depth for your aquarium plants. There are four groups of aquatic plants that can be classified by root type.", "The substrate is the floor of the tank and the material where the aquarium plants will root. The most important factor is that the substrate should be a material that does not adversely affect the water conditions by raising or lowering pH and water hardness. You want a happy medium.", "In planted and aquascaped tanks the correct choice of substrate is important when caring for concentrated plant life in the aquarium. Nature provides plants with soils, sands and gravels rich in nutrients from shoreline runoff and rainwater. A planted aquarium is closed off to its surroundings.", "Plants in the aquarium feed from the roots and the quality of the substrate will affect their color, growth and size. Popular aquascaping plants have different reuqirements due to their root structures and growth patterns. For example HC and Glossostigma excel with finer, high nutrient substrates." ], "url": [ "http://www.plantedtank.net/articles/Basics-to-starting-a-Planted-Tank/4/", "http://www.plantedtank.net/articles/Basics-to-starting-a-Planted-Tank/4/", "http://www.talkfishy.com/resources/aquarium-plants/445-planted-tank-substrates-4-choices-to-consider", "http://www.talkfishy.com/resources/aquarium-plants/445-planted-tank-substrates-4-choices-to-consider", "http://freshaquarium.about.com/cs/plantcare/a/plantsubstrate.htm", "http://freshaquarium.about.com/cs/plantcare/a/plantsubstrate.htm", "http://aquariuminfo.org/substrate.html", "http://aquariuminfo.org/substrate.html" ] }

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[ "Connective tissue,epithelial, muscle, and nervous tissue." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Cardiac muscle tissue is the third type of muscle tissue. Cardiac muscle tissue makes our hearts. Organs are groups of tissues that work together to do a job. Our skin is made of hair tissue, oil and sweat gland tissues, nerve tissue, blood tissue, and many other tissues to make the organ called skin. The different kinds of tissues are classified into four groups, epithelial tissue, connective tissue, nerve tissue, and muscle tissue. Within each group are many kinds of tissue, but they are similar in the job they do. Epithelial tissue’s job is to protect the body from injury and infection.", "The human eye has three layers of eye tissue: the fibrous layer, the vascular layer, and the retina. Each of these layers performs a different function in helping a human see or in eye, as well as forms a place for muscles to attach to. The vascular layer protects portions of the eye. The fibrous layer of eye tissue allows light to enter the ourishes the eye and controls how much light comes into it. The retina is the section of the eye that allows a person to see. The fibrous layer has two distinct parts", "It is possible to get a cancer in the tissues and structures surrounding the eyeball. The areas around the eyes are the orbit and the accessory muscles. Cancers that develop in these parts of the eye are cancers of muscle, nerve and skin tissue. Melanoma starting in the eyeball is the most common type of eye cancer in adults. Your specialist may call it uveal or choroidal melanoma. Doctors also group melanomas of the eyeball according to the way the cancerous cells look under a microscope.", "Basic Tissue Types. All of the various tissues of the human body can be categorized into four basic tissue types. All organs are built of these four tissues, which have consistent characteristics and arrangements from organ to organ. Thus an appreciation of the major features of these four basic tissue types can greatly simplify your understanding of the cellular composition of the many organ systems. ", "The 4 Basic Tissue Types in the Human Bodywww.exploringnature.org Tissues are groups of cells with a common structure (form) and function (job).There are four main tissues in the body – epithelium, muscle, connective tissue and nervous tissue. ", "There are several types of laser surgery used to treat glaucoma. The type of laser surgery will depend on the form of glaucoma and how severe it is. Lasers produce a focused beam of light that can make a very small burn or opening in your eye tissue, depending on the strength of the light beam.", "1 The visible surface of the iris consists of loose connective tissue and includes blood vessels. 2 The color of the iris (eye color) results both from scattering of light by its trabecular meshwork of collagen fibers and from absorption of light by melanin granules in scattered melanocytes. The eyeball consists of three principal layers. 1 The outer layer, or sclera, consists of dense fibrous connective tissue. 2 The sclera is white of the eye. 3 The sclera is continuous with the transparent substantia propria of the cornea.", "Connective tissue is the tough, often fibrous tissue that binds the body's structures together and provides support and elasticity. It is present in almost every organ, forming a large part of skin, tendons, joints, ligaments, blood vessels, and muscles. Each organ is a recognizable structure (for example, the heart, lungs, liver, eyes, and stomach) that performs specific functions. An organ is made of several types of tissue and therefore several types of cells (see Cells).", "Section of epididymis. Connective tissue (blue) is seen supporting the epithelium (purple). Connective tissue (CT) is one of the four types of biological tissue that support, connect, or separate different types of tissues and organs in the body. The other three types are epithelial, muscle, and nervous tissue. Connective tissue is found in between other tissues everywhere in the body, including the nervous system. In the central nervous system the outer membranes, the meninges, that cover the brain and spinal cord are composed of connective tissue.", "Inside the Torso. The body's functions are conducted by organs. Each organ is a recognizable structure (for example, the heart, lungs, liver, eyes, and stomach) that performs specific functions. An organ is made of several types of tissue and therefore several types of cells (see Cells)." ], "url": [ "http://www.beaconlearningcenter.com/documents/1966_3268.pdf", "http://www.wisegeek.com/what-are-the-different-layers-of-eye-tissue.htm", "http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/type/eye-cancer/about/types-of-eye-cancer", "http://www.siumed.edu/~dking2/intro/4basic.htm", "http://www.exploringnature.org/graphics/teaching_aids/Tissue_identification.pdf", "http://www.glaucoma.org/treatment/laser-surgery.php", "http://www.siumed.edu/~dking2/ssb/eye.htm", "http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/fundamentals/the-human-body/tissues-and-organs", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connective_tissue", "http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/fundamentals/the-human-body/tissues-and-organs" ] }

[]

[ "It is a process of writing or printing involving the use of heat." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "What is IR Thermography? Thermography is a technology that actually allows us to see thermal energy or heat! If you saw the movie Predator or Predator 2, you saw real infrared video footage! ", "That is true, but not in the way it is often implied. Yes, thermography is FDA-approved for the detection of breast cancer, but what they don’t tell you is that thermography is not approved alone for screening women for the detection of breast cancer. It’s approved to be used in conjunction with mammography. ", "thermography. 1. Engineering, a method of measuring surf ace temperatures by using luminescent materials. 2. a printing or photocopying process using infrared rays and heat. 3. a process of photography using far-infrared radiation; thermal photography. thermography-diagnostic technique using a thermograph to record the heat produced by different parts of the body; used to study blood flow and to detect tumors. diagnostic procedure, diagnostic technique-a procedure followed in making a medical diagnosis.", "Infrared thermography is the use of an infrared thermal imaging system to detect, display, and record thermal patterns and temperature values across a given surface. The concept of infrared thermography is simple (how does thermal imaging work). All objects above absolute zero or zero Kelvin emit infrared radiation. While infrared energy is invisible to the human eye, it is detectable with a thermal imager, also known as an infrared camera.", "Thermography, also called thermal imaging, uses a special camera to measure the temperature of the skin on the breast’s surface. It is non-invasive test that involves no radiation. Thermography is based on two ideas: 1 Because cancer cells are growing and multiplying very fast, blood flow and metabolism are higher in a cancer tumor. 2 As blood flow and metabolism increase, skin temperature goes up.", "Infrared thermography (IRT) , thermal imaging, and thermal video are examples of infrared imaging science. Thermographic cameras usually detect radiation in the long-infrared range of the electromagnetic spectrum (roughly 9,000–14,000 nanometers or 9–14 µm) and produce images of that radiation, called thermograms. Firefighters use thermography to see through smoke, to find persons, and to localize the base of a fire. Maintenance technicians use thermography to locate overheating joints and sections of power lines, which are a sign of impending failure.", "The science of Thermography is the application of these heat readings to locate abnormal pathology or function in the body. It is reputed that Socrates used to put wet mud on his clients and looked to see where it dried first, to look for inflammation in the body. ", "However, breast thermography is not a replacement for or alternative to mammography or any other form of breast imaging. Breast thermography is a risk assessment tool that is meant to be used in addition to mammography and other tests or procedures. Breast thermography and mammography are complementary procedures, one test does not replace the other. Thermography may also be used for full body imaging. Our center provides full body thermography for the detection of thermal markers that may alert your doctor to a current or future problem. For more information please visit our full body thermography site at www.thermographyonline.com.", "Infrared thermography is equipment or method, which detects infrared energy emitted from object, converts it to temperature, and displays image of temperature distribution. ", "Definition of THERMOGRAPHY. 1. : a process of writing or printing involving the use of heat; especially: a raised-printing process in which matter printed by letterpress is dusted with powder and heated to make the lettering rise. 2." ], "url": [ "http://www1.infraredtraining.com/view/?id=40485", "https://www.sciencebasedmedicine.org/dr-christiane-northrup-and-breast-thermography-the-opportunistic-promotion-of-quackery/", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/thermography", "http://bin95.com/what-is-infrared-thermography.htm", "http://www.breastcancer.org/symptoms/testing/types/thermography", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermography", "http://www.chiro.org/acc/What_is_Thermography.shtml", "http://breastthermography.com/", "http://www.infrared.avio.co.jp/en/products/ir-thermo/what-thermo.html", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/thermography" ] }

[]

[ "National Woman Suffrage Association (NWSA) with their eyes on a federal constitutional amendment that would grant women the right to vote.", "19th Amendment" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Throughout its history the Senate has cast many crucial votes that have broken a deadlock to bring about legislative success. On June 4, 1919, the Senate cast one such vote when it approved the Woman Suffrage Amendment, clearing the way for state ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment. ", "In January 1918, the woman suffrage amendment passed the House of Representatives with the necessary two-thirds majority vote. In June 1919, it was approved by the Senate sent to the states for ratification. Publisher. A+E Networks. The 19th Amendment to the Constitution, guaranteeing women the right to vote, is ratified by Tennessee, giving it the two-thirds majority of state ratification necessary to make it the law of the land. The amendment was the culmination of more than 70 years of struggle by woman suffragists", "In 1878, a constitutional amendment was proposed that provided The right of citizens to vote shall not be abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex.. This same amendment would be introduced in every session of Congress for the next 41 years. In July 1890, the Territory of Wyoming, which allowed women to vote, was admitted as a state. Wyoming became the first state with women suffrage. By 1900, Utah, Colorado, and Idaho joined Wyoming in allowing women to vote", "In 1869, Stanton and Anthony formed the National Woman Suffrage Association (NWSA) with their eyes on a federal constitutional amendment that would grant women the right to vote. Stanton and some other suffrage leaders objected to the proposed 15th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, which would give black men the right to vote, but failed to extend the same privilege to American women of any skin color.", "The Ratification Fight: Women Suffrage and the Nineteenth Amendment. N.Y. Times Articles on Ratification Cases Minor vs. Happersett (1875) Virginia Minor who, in Minor v Happersett, unsuccessfully argued that the 14th Amendment guaranteed women the right to vote. This same amendment would be introduced in every session of Congress for the next 41 years. In July 1890, the Territory of Wyoming, which allowed women to vote, was admitted as a state. Wyoming became the first state with women suffrage.", "Introduction. Ratified on August 18, 1920, the 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution granted American women the right to vote—a right known as woman suffrage. At the time the U.S. was founded, its female citizens did not share all of the same rights as men, including the right to vote. Stanton and some other suffrage leaders objected to the proposed 15th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, which would give black men the right to vote, but failed to extend the same privilege to American women of any skin color.", "After the Supreme Court ruled against them in 1875, suffragists began the decades-long campaign for an amendment to the U.S. Constitution that would enfranchise women. Much of the movement's energy, however, went toward working for suffrage on a state-by-state basis. In 1878 Senator Aaron A. Sargent, a friend of Susan B. Anthony, introduced into Congress a women's suffrage amendment. More than forty years later it would become the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution with no changes to its wording." ], "url": [ "http://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/minute/Senate_Passes_Woman_Suffrage_Amendment.htm", "http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/woman-suffrage-amendment-ratified", "http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/conlaw/nineteentham.htm", "http://www.history.com/topics/womens-history/19th-amendment", "http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/conlaw/nineteentham.htm", "http://www.history.com/topics/womens-history/19th-amendment", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women%27s_suffrage_in_the_United_States" ] }

[]

[ "The major histocompatibility complex in humans.", "The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system is the locus of genes that encode for proteins on the surface of cells that are responsible for regulation of the immune system in humans." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "HLA-A is a group of human leukocyte antigens (HLA) that are coded for by the HLA-A locus, which is located at human chromosome 6p21.3. HLA is simply the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) specific to humans. HLA-A is one of three major types of human MHC class I cell surface receptors. The others are HLA-B and HLA-C.", "Definition of HLA. 1. : the major histocompatibility complex in humans. 2. : a genetic locus, gene, or antigen of HLA —often used with one or more letters to designate a locus or with letters and a number to designate an allele at the locus or the antigen corresponding to the locus and allele. ADVERTISEMENT.", "The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system is the locus of genes that encode for proteins on the surface of cells that are responsible for regulation of the immune system in humans. The HLA genes are the human versions of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes that are found in most vertebrates (and thus are the most studied of the MHC genes). The proteins encoded by certain genes are also known as antigens, as a result of their historic discovery as factors in organ transplants.", "Freebase (0.00 / 0 votes) Rate this definition: Human leukocyte antigen. The human leukocyte antigen system is the name of the major histocompatibility complex in humans. The super locus contains a large number of genes related to immune system function in humans. This group of genes resides on chromosome 6, and encodes cell-surface antigen-presenting proteins and has many other functions.", "Definition. The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) test, also known as HLA typing or tissue typing, identifies antigens on the white blood cells (WBCs) that determine tissue compatibility for organ transplantation (that is, histocompatibility testing).", "HLA: Human leukocyte antigen, the major human histocompatibility system. HLA typing is done before transplantation to determine the degree of tissue compatibility between donor and recipient. ", "human leukocyte antigen. noun. : any of various proteins that are encoded by genes of the major histocompatibility complex in humans and are found on the surface of many cell types (as white blood cells); broadly: hla 2. ADVERTISEMENT.", "Definition of HUMAN LEUKOCYTE ANTIGEN. : any of various proteins that are encoded by genes of the major histocompatibility complex in humans and are found on the surface of many cell types (as white blood cells); broadly: hla 2. ADVERTISEMENT. noun", "Definition. The human leukocyte antigen test, also known as HLA, is a test that detects antigens (genetic markers) on white blood cells. There are four types of human leukocyte antigens: HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C, and HLA-D. " ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HLA-A", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/HLA", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_leukocyte_antigen", "http://www.definitions.net/definition/Human%20leukocyte%20antigen", "http://www.surgeryencyclopedia.com/Fi-La/Human-Leukocyte-Antigen-Test.html", "http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=3771", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/human%20leukocyte%20antigen", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/human%20leukocyte%20antigen", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Human+Leukocyte+Antigen+Test" ] }

[]

[ "This observation is a strong evidence for the theory that volcanic hotspots like the Hawaiian Islands originate from mantle plumes generated at the Earth's core-mantle boundary. The Hawaiian Islands were formed by such a hot spot occurring in the middle of the Pacific Plate.While the hot spot itself is fixed, the plate is moving." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The Hawaiian Islands were formed by volcanic activity. The Hawaiian Emperor seamount chain is a well-known example of a large seamount and island chain created by hot-spot volcanism. Each island or submerged seamount in the chain is successively older toward the northwest. Volcanoes can also form in the middle of a plate, where magma rises upward until it erupts on the sea floor, at what is called a “hot spot.”. The Hawaiian Islands were formed by such a hot spot occurring in the middle of the Pacific Plate. While the hot spot itself is fixed, the plate is moving.", "Most volcanoes occur near the Earth's plate boundaries, but some do not. For example, the Hawaiian islands have been formed over millions of years by volcanic eruptions thousands of miles from the edges of the Pacific plate. Island formation is still happening on Hawaii every time the shield volcanoes Kilauea and Mauna Loa erupt. Hotspots. In geology, the places known as hotspots or hot spots are volcanic regions thought to be fed by underlying mantle that is anomalously hot compared with the surrounding mantle. They may be on, near to, or far from tectonic plate boundaries.", "This observation is a strong evidence for the theory that volcanic hotspots like the Hawaiian Islands originate from mantle plumes generated at the Earth's core-mantle boundary. New explanation for Hawaiian hot spot. (PhysOrg.com) -- Scientists in the US have suggested that volcanic activity in Hawaii could be fed by a giant hot rock pool 1,000 kilometers west of the islands and in the Earths mantle, rather than being fed by a hot ...", "A mantle plume is a mechanism proposed in 1971 to explain volcanic regions of the earth that were not thought to be explicable by the then-new theory of plate tectonics. Some such volcanic regions lie far from tectonic plate boundaries, for example, Hawaii. The theory predicts mushroom mantle plumes of about 2000 km diameter with a critical time of about 830 Myr for a core mantle heat flux of 20 mW/m 2, while the cycle time is about 2 Gyr. The number of mantle plumes is predicted to be about 17.", "The Hawaiian Islands, for example, are a chain of volcanoes thought to have their origin in a mysterious hot spot beneath the Pacific ocean floor. Every island in the chain starts as an active volcano fed by the hot spot that eventually rises above the ocean surface. New explanation for Hawaiian hot spot. (PhysOrg.com) -- Scientists in the US have suggested that volcanic activity in Hawaii could be fed by a giant hot rock pool 1,000 kilometers west of the islands and in the Earths mantle, rather than being fed by a hot ...", "A mantle plume is posited to exist where hot rock nucleates at the core-mantle boundary and rises through the Earth's mantle becoming a diapir in the Earth's crust. The theory predicts mushroom mantle plumes of about 2000 km diameter with a critical time of about 830 Myr for a core mantle heat flux of 20 mW/m 2, while the cycle time is about 2 Gyr. The number of mantle plumes is predicted to be about 17.", "In areas where the plates come together, sometimes volcanoes will form. Volcanoes can also form in the middle of a plate, where magma rises upward until it erupts on the sea floor, at what is called a “hot spot.”. The Hawaiian Islands were formed by such a hot spot occurring in the middle of the Pacific Plate. While the hot spot itself is fixed, the plate is moving. So, as the plate moved over the hot spot, the string of islands that make up the Hawaiian Island chain were formed. The Hawaiian Islands form an archipelago that extends over a vast area of the North Pacific Ocean", "The source of mantle plumes, is postulated to be the core-mantle boundary at 3,000 km depth. Because there is little material transport across the core-mantle boundary, heat transfer must occur by conduction, with adiabatic gradients above and below this boundary. The theory predicts mushroom mantle plumes of about 2000 km diameter with a critical time of about 830 Myr for a core mantle heat flux of 20 mW/m 2, while the cycle time is about 2 Gyr. The number of mantle plumes is predicted to be about 17.", "The Hawaiian Islands are volcanic in origin. Each island is made up of at least one primary volcano, although many islands are composites of more than one. The Big Island, for instance, is constructed of 5 major volcanoes: Kilauea, Mauna Loa, Mauna Kea, Hualalai and Kohala. As the plate moves over a fixed spot deeper in the Earth where magma (molten lava) forms, a new volcano can punch through this plate and create an island. The Hawaiian Islands are believed to be formed from one such 'hot spot'. As the plate moves away, the volcano stops erupting and a new one is formed in its place.", "The original ideaIn 1963 Wilson suggested that the Hawaiian Islands formed as the Pacific plate moved over continuously upwelling hot mantle. In 1968 Christofferson conjectured that the Emperor-Hawaii elbow records a change in direction of the Pacific plate over a fixed hotspot. " ], "url": [ "http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/hawaii.html", "http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/earth/surface_and_interior/hotspot", "http://phys.org/news/2012-07-experimental-evidence-mantle-plume-hypothesis.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mantle_plume", "http://phys.org/news/2012-07-experimental-evidence-mantle-plume-hypothesis.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mantle_plume", "http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/hawaii.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mantle_plume", "http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/GG/HCV/haw_formation.html", "http://www.newgeology.us/presentation37.html" ] }

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[ "$564.87 monthly" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Right now the average monthly OAS payment is $515 and the maximum amount an individual can receive is $545. Get the max by doing the math. In total, the average combined annual payout from CPP and OAS is currently $12,528 and the maximum annual payout is $18,372. Depending on how you want to live in retirement that could be a good portion of overall living expenses.", "As with the Canada Pension Plan, the Old Age Security (OAS) pension is an important part of Canada’s retirement income system. Old Age Security payments are available to any Canadian citizen or legal resident of Canada that is over the age of 65 and has lived in Canada for at least 10 years after the age of 18.", "Old Age Security (OAS) pension. 1 The amount is determined based on the number of years of residency in Canada. 2 The amount is taxable. 3 For 2015, you must reimburse all or part of your. 4 pension if your net individual income exceeds $ 72,809 (including the. 5 pension).", "For 2011, the maximum OAS benefit is $540.12/month or $6,481.44/year. To receive this, you would need to have lived in Canada for 40 years after the age of 18. Anything less than 40 years results in a reduced old age security benefits.", "If you are a pensioner but do not receive the maximum OAS pension you should contact Service Canada to receive accurate information about your benefits. Note – Pensioners with an individual net income above $67,668 must repay part or all of the maximum Old Age Security pension amount.", "OAS is earned at the rate of 1/40th of the full basic amount (currently $564.87 monthly) for every year of residence in Canada. If you will have 18 complete years of residence in Canada when you turn age 65, you will receive 18/40ths of $564.87 = $254.19 monthly.", "The Old Age Security benefit is available to Canadians and legal residents depending on how long they have lived in the country. The size of one's Canada Pension Plan benefit, on the other hand, depends on how much and for how long a person has contributed to the plan.", "Old age security (OAS) benefits, which consist of the basic OAS pension, the Guaranteed Income Supplement (GIS) and the Allowances, will remain the same for the first quarter of 2015 (January to March). As of Jan. 1, 2015, the basic OAS pension will stay at $563.74 per month." ], "url": [ "https://ca.finance.yahoo.com/blogs/insight/cpp-oas-maximum-supplements-183203085.html", "http://canadianfinanceblog.com/what-is-the-old-age-security-oas-pension/", "http://www.rrq.gouv.qc.ca/en/flashretraiteqc/Pages/capsule_retraite_007.aspx", "http://www.milliondollarjourney.com/old-age-security-and-the-oas-clawback.htm", "http://retirehappy.ca/how-much-will-the-government-pay-me/", "http://retirehappy.ca/how-much-will-the-government-pay-you/", "http://www.cbc.ca/news/business/taxes/canada-pension-plan-vs-old-age-security-the-differences-explained-1.1239963", "http://www.benefitscanada.com/pensions/db/cpp-benefits-rising-in-2015-60918" ] }

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[ "$98,522 per year" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Average Petroleum Geologist Geophysicist Salaries. The average salary for petroleum geologist geophysicist jobs is $85,000. Average petroleum geologist geophysicist salaries can vary greatly due to company, location, industry, experience and benefits. ", "For example the median expected annual pay for a typical Geophysicist I in the United States is $69,809 so 50% of the people who perform the job of Geophysicist I in the United States are expected to make less than $69,809. Source: HR Reported data as of October 2015. Median $69,809. Aids in the design, planning, and execution of geophysical investigations and projects including data collection, processing, analyzing, and reporting. Requires a bachelor's/master's degree and 0-2 years of experience in the field or in a related area.", "Louisiana employers paid their geophysicists $103,770. Those in Washington and Wyoming earned salaries significantly less than the national average of $108,420 for all geophysicists, at $84,950 and $76,790, respectively. These geoscientists earned the highest salaries of $154,230 in the oil and gas extraction industry, according to May 2013 BLS data. They made $152,370 in the petroleum and coal products manufacturing industry, while those in the support activities for mining industry averaged $137,010.", "Average Geophysicist salaries for job postings in Houston, TX are 13% higher than average Geophysicist salaries for job postings nationwide. ", "''PayScale.com'' reported salary data for geophysicists specifically in September 2014; the salary range for most geophysicists at that time was $54,739-$172,428. ", "Salary Between $105,000 and $110,000. The average salary for a geoscientist was $108,420 as of May 2013, according to the BLS. The top 25 percent made more than $134,390 per year. The minimum educational requirement for this job is a bachelor's degree in one of the geosciences, including geology or geophysics. These geoscientists earned the highest salaries of $154,230 in the oil and gas extraction industry, according to May 2013 BLS data. They made $152,370 in the petroleum and coal products manufacturing industry, while those in the support activities for mining industry averaged $137,010.", "(United Kingdom). The average salary for a Geophysicist is £40,444 per year. A skill in seismic interpretation is associated with high pay for this job. Most people move on to other jobs if they have more than 20 years' experience in this field. Total Pay (?XTotal Pay combines base annual salary or hourly wage, bonuses, profit sharing, tips, commissions, overtime pay and other forms of cash earnings, as applicable", "Geophysicist Salary. (United States). The average pay for a Geophysicist is $98,522 per year. The highest paying skills associated with this job are seismic interpretation, Data Modeling, and Interpretation. Experience strongly influences income for this job. Total Pay (?XTotal Pay combines base annual salary or hourly wage, bonuses, profit sharing, tips, commissions, overtime pay and other forms of cash earnings, as applicabl", "Here is another one, the salary range for geophysicist is really broad and can be as low as 30,000 a year. At the low end, I can see some near surface geophysics companies such as Naeva Geophysics and Radar Solutions International. I am a geophysicist with 19 years experience. In general, salaries tend to be lower than day-rate consulting income. Domestic income tends to be lower than overseas work. In Houston, I would say up to $200,000 is possible (before taxes) on a salary basis." ], "url": [ "http://www.simplyhired.com/salaries-k-petroleum-geologist-geophysicist-jobs.html", "http://www1.salary.com/Geophysicist-I-salary.html", "http://www.ehow.com/facts_5181240_average-salary-geophysicist.html", "http://www.indeed.com/salary/q-Geophysicist-l-Houston,-TX.html", "http://study.com/articles/Geophysicist_Job_Description_Duties_and_Requirements.html", "http://www.ehow.com/facts_5181240_average-salary-geophysicist.html", "http://www.payscale.com/research/UK/Job=Geophysicist/Salary", "http://www.payscale.com/research/US/Job=Geophysicist/Salary", "http://forum.detectation.com/viewtopic.php?t=936" ] }

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[ "Todd Rundgren" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Studio version, lyrics, pics. http://www.tr-i.com/. Hello, it's me. I've thought about us for a long, long time. Maybe I think too much but something's wrong. There's something here that doesn't last too long. Maybe I shouldn't think of you as mine. Seeing you", "One of my favorites by this groupTurnerBrooklyn, NY Pamela-Brooklyn, Ny. Todd Rundgren performed vocals, background vocals, and all the instrumental tracks on Hello It's Me. Tim-Charlotte, Nc. Many childhood memories are refreshed when I hear this song ... Speaking about the song in Mojo, he explained: 'Hello, It's Me' has become the albatross to me: everyone has attached to me the idea of the amateur singer, the amateur piano player, the funk-free boy doing his little song.", "I tried to capture those changes, and those changes became what are the changes underneath Hello It's Me.. I then had to come up with melody and words, but the changes are actually almost lifted literally from something that was, from Jimmy Smith's standpoint, a throwaway. Rundgren recorded an uptempo version of Hello It's Me on his 1972 solo album Something/Anything? . Although a remake of the original, this new version became widely popular and has since become a staple of the classic rock genre.", "Hello It's Me is a Billboard no. 5 hit song composed, recorded, and performed by Todd Rundgren, released in late 1972. 1 1 Background. Rundgren recorded an uptempo version of Hello It's Me on his 1972 solo album Something/Anything? . Although a remake of the original, this new version became widely popular and has since become a staple of the classic rock genre.", "Background [edit]. Hello It's Me was the first original song by Todd Rundgren. It was first recorded in 1968 by Rundgren's band Nazz and was included on their self-titled debut album. Rundgren recorded an uptempo version of Hello It's Me on his 1972 solo album Something/Anything? . Although a remake of the original, this new version became widely popular and has since become a staple of the classic rock genre.", "Rock. Todd Rundgren's best-known songs -- the Carole King pastiche I Saw the Light, the ballads Hello, It's Me and Can We Still Be Friends, and the goofy novelty Bang on the Drum All Day -- suggest that he is a talented pop craftsman, but nothing more than that. Although the song would later become a major hit for Rundgren as a solo artist, the dirgey original version barely scraped the national charts. Despite the lack of success, the record -- particularly the Nazz's self-production of Open My Eyes and Hello, It's Me -- attracted some good notices.", "Answer Todd Rundgren sang Hello It's Me. Answer also done by Nazz in 1970 Thank you to whoever answered correctly! I didn't realize anybody was on her … e that intelligent! Todd is great! You will have to be more specific. This children's song has hello, hello, … hello. It goes.. Hello hello hello Hello how are you? I'm glad to be with you And you and you and you. Tra-la-la-la-la-la-la-la Tra-la-la-la-la-la-la-la.", "Hello, it's me. I've thought about us for a long, long time. Maybe I think too much but something's wrong. There's something here that doesn't last too long. Maybe I shouldn't think of you as mine. Pazuzu1romrem Jul 3, 2011 at 5:00 pm. +1. When the song first came out, mid-seventies, my first love gave me this record. I moved and she stayed and although after forty years every time I hear this song, I think of her.", "Hello It's me, I've thought about us for a long, long time. Maybe I think too much but some thing's wrong. There's something here that doesn't last too long. Maybe I shouldn't think of you as mine. Seeing you. or seeing anything as much as I do you. Hello It's Me is track #13 on the album For Lack of Honest Work. It was written by Rundgren, Todd Harry.", "\\n(think of me). Hello, it's me. \\nI've thought about us for a long, long time. \\nMaybe I think too much but something's wrong. \\nThere's something here that doesn't last too long. \\nMaybe I shouldn't think of you as mine. \\nSeeing you. Pazuzu1romrem Jul 3, 2011 at 5:00 pm. +1. When the song first came out, mid-seventies, my first love gave me this record. I moved and she stayed and although after forty years every time I hear this song, I think of her." ], "url": [ "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lLeCB7Kn-VE", "http://www.songfacts.com/detail.php?id=5871", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hello_It%27s_Me", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hello_It%27s_Me", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hello_It%27s_Me", "http://www.mtv.com/artists/todd-rundgren/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Who_sang_hello", "http://www.lyricsmode.com/lyrics/t/todd_rundgren/hello_its_me.html", "http://www.metrolyrics.com/hello-its-me-lyrics-todd-rundgren.html", "http://www.lyricsmode.com/lyrics/t/todd_rundgren/hello_its_me.html" ] }

[]

[ "It is a purple-black or brown-black ink made from iron salts and tannic acids from vegetable sources." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "« Back to Analytical Projects. Background: Iron gall ink has been used for the last several centuries, and some formulations can be extremely corrosive to documents. The ink can render manuscripts and other documents illegible and inaccessible by causing loss of text, bleeding, fading, strike-through and acid migration", "Iron gall ink contains three ingredients, plus water: oak galls, ferrous sulphate, and gum arabic. I used a 1770 recipe that calls for two ounces of crushed oak galls soaked overnight in one pint of water, then strained into one ounce of ferrous sulphate. ", "Oak galls and iron(II) sulfate, ingredients of iron gall ink. Iron gall ink (also known as iron gall nut ink, oak gall ink, and common ink) is a purple-black or brown-black ink made from iron salts and tannic acids from vegetable sources. While a very effective ink, the formula was less than ideal. Iron gall ink is acidic ranging from roughly equivalent to a lemon (pH ≈ 2) to that of a cup of black coffee (pH ≈ 5). In chemistry, pH is a measure of the activity of the (solvated) hydrogen ion, where a lower pH level indicates a more acidic solution", "Iron-gall ink was very useful because it ate into the parchment and did not rub off documents. To make iron-gall ink, galls from oak trees were crushed then mixed with water and vitriol (iron sulfate). Gum arabic from acacia trees was added as the suspension agent. The result was iron-gall ink. Leonardo da Vinci wrote his notes using iron-gall ink. Bach wrote his compositions with it. Iron-gall ink was the most important ink in Western history. Leonardo da Vinci wrote his notes using iron-gall ink. Bach wrote his compositions with it. Rembrandt and Van Gogh drew with it.", "Iron Gall Ink. Iron gall ink was in popular use from about the 12th century up until new technologies made it obsolete in the 19th century. It was easily made at home and it was permanent, which explains its popularity. When first applied the ink is a light brown or sepia color, but as it dries it turns purplish-black. Here is some background information on Iron Gall Ink. Iron Gall Ink was used so frequently and so commonly throughout history that it is a part of many valuable collections.", "Ink corrosion: iron gall ink causes paper and parchment to disintegrate. By mixing tannin with iron sulfate, a water-soluble ferrous tannate complex is formed. Because of its solubility, the ink is able to penetrate the paper surface, making it difficult to erase. While a very effective ink, the formula was less than ideal. Iron gall ink is acidic ranging from roughly equivalent to a lemon (pH ≈ 2) to that of a cup of black coffee (pH ≈ 5). In chemistry, pH is a measure of the activity of the (solvated) hydrogen ion, where a lower pH level indicates a more acidic solution", "Iron gall ink is primarily made from tannin (most often extracted from galls), vitriol (Ferrous Sulfate (FeSO4) (FeSO4)), gum, and water. Because of the indeliblilty of iron gall ink it was the ink of choice for documentation from the late Middle Ages to the middle of the twentieth century. Iron gall ink was stable in light, easily made, inexpensive, and the ingrediebts were readily available." ], "url": [ "http://loc.gov/preservation/scientists/projects/iron_gall_ink.html", "http://www.instructables.com/id/Making-Iron-Gall-Ink/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_gall_ink", "http://www.blotspens.co.uk/acatalog/Blots-Iron-Gall-Ink.html", "http://msa.maryland.gov/msa/stagser/s1259/103/website/ink.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_gall_ink", "http://elkinvanaeon.net/Alchemy_II/Herbs/Ink.htm" ] }

[]

[ "DKK 110 ($20) per hour." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Wages in Denmark increased to 38957.98 DKK/Month in 2014 from 38525.37 DKK/Month in 2013. This page provides-Denmark Average Wages in Private Sector Index-actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news. Content for-Denmark Standardized Monthly Earnings-was last refreshed on Friday, October 23, 2015.", "Wages in Manufacturing in Denmark averaged 99.32 Index Points from 1994 until 2015, reaching an all time high of 132.60 Index Points in the second quarter of 2015 and a record low of 66 Index Points in the first quarter of 1994. 1Y 5Y 10Y MAX. Forecast Export Data API Access. ", "List of European countries by average wage. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. This is a map and list of countries containing monthly (annual divided by 12 months) gross and net income (after taxes) average wages in Europe in their local currency and in Euro. The chart below reflects the average (mean) wage as reported by various data providers.", "Wages in Denmark averaged 37473.73 DKK/Month from 2009 until 2014, reaching an all time high of 38957.98 DKK/Month in 2014 and a record low of 35381.53 DKK/Month in 2009. This page provides-Denmark Average Wages in Private Sector Index-actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news. Content for-Denmark Standardized Monthly Earnings-was last refreshed on Friday, October 23, 2015.", "The average minimum wage for all private and public sector collective bargaining agreements is approximately DKK 110 ($20) per hour, exclusive of pension benefits. The Danish minimum wage of $20 or $21 is actually an average of all minimum wages across a variety of sectors. ", "In Denmark, wages are benchmarked using the average salary. This page provides-Denmark Average Wages in Private Sector Index-actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news. Content for-Denmark Standardized Monthly Earnings-was last refreshed on Friday, October 23, 2015.", "Software Developer Salary. (Denmark). The average salary for a Software Developer is $63,620 per year. A skill in C++ is associated with high pay for this job. Experience has a moderate effect on income for this job. Most people with this job move on to other positions after 20 years in this career. ", "Money, while it cannot buy happiness, is an important means to achieving higher living standards. In Denmark, the average household net-adjusted disposable income per capita is USD 26 491 a year, more than the OECD average of USD 25 908 a year. But there is a considerable gap between the richest and poorest – the top 20% of the population earn close to four times as much as the bottom 20%. Household financial wealth is the total value of a household’s financial worth, such as money or shares held in bank accounts. In Denmark, the average household net financial wealth per capita is estimated at USD 44 488, lower than the OECD average of USD 67 139.", "Average Denmark Salaries. The average salary for denmark jobs is $61,000. Average denmark salaries can vary greatly due to company, location, industry, experience and benefits. This salary was calculated using the average salary for all jobs with the term denmark anywhere in the job listing. ", "Danish people earn USD 48 347 per year on average, more than the OECD average of USD 36 118. Not everyone earns that amount however. In all OECD countries, men still earn more than women, with an average wage gap of 15.5%. In Denmark, men earn 7.8% more than women. Also, whereas the top 20% of the population earn an estimated USD 56 276 per year, the bottom 20% live on an estimated USD 28 524 per year. Household financial wealth is the total value of a household’s financial worth, such as money or shares held in bank accounts. In Denmark, the average household net financial wealth per capita is estimated at USD 44 488, lower than the OECD average of USD 67 139." ], "url": [ "http://www.tradingeconomics.com/denmark/wages", "http://www.tradingeconomics.com/denmark/wages-in-manufacturing", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_European_countries_by_average_wage", "http://www.tradingeconomics.com/denmark/wages", "http://www.wageindicator.org/main/salary/minimum-wage/denmark", "http://www.tradingeconomics.com/denmark/wages", "http://www.payscale.com/research/DK/Job=Software_Developer/Salary", "http://www.oecdbetterlifeindex.org/countries/denmark/", "http://www.simplyhired.com/salaries-k-denmark-jobs.html", "http://www.oecdbetterlifeindex.org/countries/denmark/" ] }

[]

[ "Gametes are produced by a type of cell division called meiosis. They are haploid, meaning that they contain only one set of chromosomes. When the haploid male and female gametes unite in a process called fertilization, they form what is called a zygote." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Zygotes are the original cell that is formed when the animal sperm and egg cells combine. Originally a zygote is only 1 cell, but it begins to divide through the process of mitosis until it becomes much larger, eventually developing into an embryo, then fetus, and eventually, a developing baby. Zygotes are only formed through the process of [b]fertilization[/b], which is the actual combining of a male sperm cell and a female egg cell.", "Sex Greek meaning to cross.. Meiosis is the production of sperm and egg cells. These cells are Gamete or Sex cells. Each cell has to go through the division process twice in order for the cell to end up with half the number of chromosomes. The cells pass on genetic information to the offspring. ", "The cells from each parent that combine to form the zygote are called gametes. In humans, the male gamete is called sperm, and the female gamete is called an egg. When the gametes join they form a cell called a zygote. Human sperm and eggs contain 23 chromosomes. Human zygotes contain 46 chromosomes. ", "Explanations. Spermatogenesis and Oogenesis. Meiosis, the process by which gametes are formed, can also be called gametogenesis, literally “creation of gametes.” The specific type of meiosis that forms sperm is called spermatogenesis, while the formation of egg cells, or ova, is called oogenesis. ", "[b]Zygotes[/b] are the original cell that is formed when the animal sperm and egg cells combine. Originally a zygote is only 1 cell, but it begins to divide through the process of mitosis until it becomes much larger, eventually developing into an embryo, then fetus, and eventually, a developing baby. Zygotes are only formed through the process of [b]fertilization[/b], which is the actual combining of a male sperm cell and a female egg cell.", "During meiosis in humans, 1 diploid cell (with 46 chromosomes or 23 pairs) undergoes 2 cycles of cell division but only 1 round of DNA replication. The result is 4 haploid daughter cells known as gametes or egg and sperm cells (each with 23 chromosomes – 1 from each pair in the diploid cell). At conception, an egg cell and a sperm cell combine to form a zygote (46 chromosomes or 23 pairs). This is the 1 st cell of a new individual.", "Confidence votes 175. Gametes are sex cells, formed through the process meiosis in which a cell divides to have half of the normal amount of DNA. ", "Gametes are produced through meiosis. Meiosis and mitosis are two types of cell division that only occur in eukaryotes. Meiosis is the process that transforms one diploid cell into four haploid cells in eukaryotes in order to redistribute the diploid's cell's genome. It forms the basis of sexual reproduction. ", "Gametes are produced by a type of cell division called meiosis. They are haploid, meaning that they contain only one set of chromosomes. When the haploid male and female gametes unite in a process called fertilization, they form what is called a zygote. The zygote is diploid and contains two sets of chromosomes. Definition: Gametes are reproductive cells (sex cells) that unite during sexual reproduction to form a new cell called a zygote. Male gametes are sperm and female gametes are ova (eggs). In seed bearing plants, p ollen is the male sperm producing gametophyte. Female gametes are contained within the plant ovary.", "Gametes are an organism's reproductive cells. They are also referred to as sex cells. Female gametes are called ova or egg cells, and male gametes are called sperm. Gametes are haploid cells, and each cell carries only one copy of each chromosome. These reproductive cells are produced through a type of cell division called meiosis. " ], "url": [ "https://wikis.engrade.com/gameteszygotesandfertili", "http://utahscience.oremjr.alpine.k12.ut.us/sciber00/7th/genetics/sciber/compare.htm", "http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/add_edexcel/cells/mitosisrev2.shtml", "http://www.sparknotes.com/testprep/books/sat2/biology/chapter7section2.rhtml", "https://wikis.engrade.com/gameteszygotesandfertili", "http://sciencelearn.org.nz/Contexts/Uniquely-Me/Science-Ideas-and-Concepts/Meiosis-inheritance-and-variation", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_Gametes_formed_through", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=1006031214350", "http://biology.about.com/od/geneticsglossary/g/gametes.htm", "http://www.nature.com/scitable/definition/gamete-gametes-311" ] }

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[ "It can be used to send feedback to the team working on Windows 10. It can also be used to report problems to the Windows 10 team. In addition, you can view what are other users posting as feature requests." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "IDG News Service. Microsoft gave users a new glimpse at how their feedback is being used to shape Windows 10 as the company closes in on its first consumer release of the new operating system. ", "Provide Feedback on Anything. Microsoft allows you to send feedback on anything in the system. Even if someone else has already provided this feedback, you can cast your vote so Microsoft knows how many users agree with the feedback. First, open the Windows Feedback app — you’ll find it in the Start menu. It’s also one of the default tiles, so you can’t miss it. The first time you open this app, you’ll need to register for the “Windows Insider Preview Program.” Just click the link in the window. This is the real reason to use the Windows 10 Technical Preview. Microsoft needs this feedback to make Windows 10 a product people like and want to use — with Windows 8, they demonstrated they couldn’t make a compelling product while ignoring feedback. Windows 10 is looking so great because it’s a product of listening to the criticisms of Windows 8", "The new build of Windows 10 – build number 10525 – has a new app called Feedback app. It can be used to send feedback to the team working on Windows 10. It can also be used to report problems to the Windows 10 team. In addition, you can view what are other users posting as feature requests. As said earlier, you can use the Windows 10 Feedback App to see what are other users requesting as features, complaints by other users on particular problems, and to add and send your own feedback, suggestion or complaint to the Windows 10 team.", "All Windows 10 users will now have access to the Windows Feedback app, allowing anyone using Microsoft's operating system to give their opinions that will be sent to the Windows development team. We have decided to include the Windows Feedback app in the released version of Windows 10 for all our customers.", "So, as you can see, providing feedback to Microsoft as part of the Windows 10 Insider Program is quite easy. If you have yet to provide feedback to Microsoft and you are running Windows 10, we highly recommend you fire up the Windows Feedback app. ", "With Windows 10, Microsoft asked for an unprecedented level of feedback. The Windows Insider program not only provided keen users with access to preview builds of the operating system, but also gave a direct line to Microsoft to point out problems, make suggestions, request features, and so on. ", "How to Send Feedback to Microsoft in the Windows 10 Technical Preview. Microsoft wants your feedback about Windows 10 — really, they need it. This is the most important feature in the Windows 10 Technical Preview — not a Start menu, virtual desktops, or windowed “universal apps.”. This is the real reason to use the Windows 10 Technical Preview. Microsoft needs this feedback to make Windows 10 a product people like and want to use — with Windows 8, they demonstrated they couldn’t make a compelling product while ignoring feedback. Windows 10 is looking so great because it’s a product of listening to the criticisms of Windows 8", "Make the user feel like they are IN CONTROL. Make me want to LOVE to use it-not research how to use every element. There is clear feedback users hate to use Windows 8. You do this and you have a WIN. This is what Microsoft is guys-ya'll can do it. I love Microsoft because of your open nature unlike Apple. Make me WANT to buy your product. Take out all these unintuitive and frustrating roadblocks you've put into Windows 8. " ], "url": [ "http://www.pcworld.com/article/2935732/heres-how-user-feedback-is-shaping-windows-10.html", "http://www.howtogeek.com/197604/how-to-send-feedback-to-microsoft-in-the-windows-10-technical-preview/", "http://www.thewindowsclub.com/use-feedback-app-windows-10", "http://www.windowscentral.com/all-windows-10-users-can-use-windows-feedback-app-windows-insiders-get-extra-features", "http://www.winbeta.org/news/heres-how-you-can-provide-feedback-windows-10-part-insider-program", "http://betanews.com/2015/08/15/microsoft-stands-accused-of-deleting-windows-10-insider-feedback-it-doesnt-like/", "http://www.howtogeek.com/197604/how-to-send-feedback-to-microsoft-in-the-windows-10-technical-preview/", "http://answers.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/forum/windows_8-performance/windows-8-feedback/32ff2952-7570-48e6-a861-1d22176f2f25" ] }

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[ "$1 to $3" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Buy Winstrol or Finding Winstrol For Sale. Winstrol (also referred to informally as ‘Winny’) is the trade name for the anabolic steroid Stanozolol, which happens to be number three in the rankings for the most popular and most widely used anabolic steroids. ", "Price per Unit: 40 USD. Buy Winstrol Tabs (Stanozolol) to increase muscular mass and strength. Online anabolic pharmacy offers Winstrol Tabs for sale at affordable prices with fast and secure delivery procedure. Manufactured by Dragon Pharma the product comes in 40 USD and is always available in stock. Buy Winstrol Tabs at cheapest available prices.", "Stanozolol is not the most expensive anabolic steroid, but it is also not the cheapest. You can expect an average price per dosage of around $1 to $3 depending on how many pills you take per day. Most people will find that three bottles is enough to run a very effective cycle. Those athletes that look for Stanozolol for sale online find that a small dosage is all they need. There are many men that do not need more than 50 mg of Stanozolol every other day, and then you get those that are fine with a lower dosage of just 25 mg. As for women, the recommended dosage is 10mg every other day.", "Most of the Winstrol tablets are recommended as the dose of 50mg (for men) and 10mg (for women). It is also taken in the form of injection. Both the methods act in the same way when they are in your body. The price will be different depending on whether you buy a 50 mg pill or a 10 mg pill. Generally, you will pay between $50 – $150 for a legitimate supply of 50 mg pills that should last you up to a 6 week cycle. This is the usual duration that you will take Winstrol for", "Originally posted by BigPete The goin price around my area for tt winstrol V 100mg/ml 20ml bottle is $290! It's pretty steep but it's the goin price what can you do. I paid $170 for that... ...don't ask me where because I forgot. I paid 300 for anaboic st winny at the beggining of this year. 50mg 20ml Now that i think of it, i paid top dollar quite a bit back then. I use ** tabs too.", "1 A syringe type steroid can cost $60 while the Sciroxx steroid costs between $100 and $150. 2 HCG and Clomid cost around $50 to $85 while Antiestrogens cost between $50 and $150. 3 Steroids.com has provided a price guide for different types of steroids in underground and human grade forms. 1 The steroids sold at Anabolic-Muscle.com, for example, come in different types and prices. 2 A syringe type steroid can cost $60 while the Sciroxx steroid costs between $100 and $150. 3 HCG and Clomid cost around $50 to $85 while Antiestrogens cost between $50 and $150", "Originally posted by BigPete The goin price around my area for tt winstrol V 100mg/ml 20ml bottle is $290! It's pretty steep but it's the goin price what can you do. yeah my guy wants 300 for the same bottle,like you said,what can you do....but ive known my guy for quite some time so i might be able to work on him.... I paid 300 for anaboic st winny at the beggining of this year. 50mg 20ml Now that i think of it, i paid top dollar quite a bit back then. I use ** tabs too.", "Oral Winstrol Price. Let’s first consider the cost of oral forms of Winstrol pills since these tend to be more widely available from online steroid vendors. Winstrol tablets are the generally used structure of anabolic steroids in market. The first reason is that it is very easy to consume. Both the methods act in the same way when they are in your body. The price will be different depending on whether you buy a 50 mg pill or a 10 mg pill. Generally, you will pay between $50 – $150 for a legitimate supply of 50 mg pills that should last you up to a 6 week cycle.", "1 HCG and Clomid cost around $50 to $85 while Antiestrogens cost between $50 and $150. 2 Steroids.com has provided a price guide for different types of steroids in underground and human grade forms. 1 The steroids sold at Anabolic-Muscle.com, for example, come in different types and prices. 2 A syringe type steroid can cost $60 while the Sciroxx steroid costs between $100 and $150. 3 HCG and Clomid cost around $50 to $85 while Antiestrogens cost between $50 and $150" ], "url": [ "https://www.steroidsforsale.com/buy-steroids/buy-winstrol/", "http://www.anabolic-steroids.biz/dragon-pharma-1315/buy-winstrol-tabs-26275.html", "http://winstrolresults.com/stanozolol-for-sale/", "http://winstrolresults.com/winstrol-price/", "http://forums.steroid.com/anabolic-steroids-questions-answers/20055-price-you-pay-winstrol.html", "http://www.howmuchisit.org/how-much-do-steroids-cost/", "http://forums.steroid.com/anabolic-steroids-questions-answers/20055-price-you-pay-winstrol.html", "http://winstrolresults.com/winstrol-price/", "http://www.howmuchisit.org/how-much-do-steroids-cost/" ] }

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[ "Yes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Some states emancipate a child at age eighteen. But under New Jersey family law decisions, a child is not automatically emancipated at any particular age. Further, New Jersey parents can be obliged not only to pay for their child's college education, but also for graduate school.", "There is no doubt that New Jersey is one of the most liberal states with regard to child support, and requiring parents to pay for their children's college costs. An overwhelming majority of states do not require parents to provide their children with a college education.", "It is the law that both parents contribute to the support of children that they bring into this world. New Jersey, similar to most states, have promulgated guidelines for the Court’s use in determining the amount of child support.", "Under New Jersey divorce law, both parents may be obliged to pay for their child's college education. Sometimes, that obligation can be avoided if the child is estranged from one or both parents, without just cause. An effective way of dealing with such issues is to address them in an agreement.", "A: As a general matter, most educational expense issues are addressed during the divorce process itself, along with other child support issues. However, when there is no agreement in place, the obligation of divorced parents to pay for their child's college expenses will depend on the state.", "In New Jersey the duty to pay for a child's college expenses extends beyond college, to graduate and professional school. In the case of Ross v. Ross, 167 N.J. Super. 491 (Ch. Div. 1979), the court held that a parent has a responsibility to pay for a child's graduate and/or", "For example, a California law ends a parent’s legal duty to pay child support when an 18-year-old child completes high school or turns 19. California courts can’t require even very wealthy parents to pay their children’s college expenses once their kids reach adult age and are able to support themselves.", "In the state of New Jersey, parents may be responsible to continue to pay for a child’s education beyond college. This means that divorced parents may be required to pay for a child’s graduate, law school or medical school degree. This was established in the case of Ross v. Ross, 167 N.J. Super. 491 (Ch. Div. 1979)." ], "url": [ "http://www.divorcesource.com/ds/newjersey/college-tuition-payments-in-new-jersey-3904.shtml", "http://www.divorcesource.com/ds/newjersey/college-tuition-payments-in-new-jersey-3904.shtml", "http://www.divorcesource.com/ds/newjersey/child-support-3782.shtml", "http://www.divorcesource.com/ds/newjersey/college-tuition-payments-in-new-jersey-3904.shtml", "http://family.findlaw.com/child-support/college-expenses-and-child-support-faq.html", "http://www.divorcesource.com/ds/newjersey/college-tuition-payments-in-new-jersey-3904.shtml", "http://family-law.lawyers.com/child-support/paying-for-college-when-parents-are-divorced.html", "http://www.sjfamilylawyers.com/2013/06/new-jersey-family-law-attorneys-financial-responsibility-for-college/" ] }

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[ "Plant needs Photosynthesis process to convert sugar into proteins. " ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "This means that they have to eat other things to get the carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins and minerals which they need. When plants are in the sunlight they can make a sugar called glucose. This is slightly different from the sugar (sucrose) which you put into your tea.", "Chlorophyll. Carbon dioxide and water are inorganic chemicals, whereas glucose is an organic chemical. Plants need energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose; this energy comes from sunlight. Plants can also use artificial light providing that it contains the right frequencies (colours).", "The simplest carbohydrate is glucose. Glucose, also called blood sugar and dextrose, flows in the bloodstream so that it is available to every cell in your body. Your cells absorb glucose and convert it into energy to drive the cell.", "Photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is a process used by plants in which energy from sunlight is used to convert carbon dioxide and water into molecules needed for growth. These molecules include sugars, enzymes and chlorophyll. Light energy is absorbed by the green chemical", "Photosynthesis is a process used by plants in which energy from sunlight is used to convert carbon dioxide and water into molecules needed for growth. These molecules include sugars, enzymes and chlorophyll. Light energy is absorbed by the green chemical", "The plant takes in water and carbon dioxide and combines them using the energy … from sunlight which it traps with a chemical called chloropyl. Chlorophyl is the green pigment which makes the plants appear green. The plant makes glucose to use for energy and the waste product is oxygen.", "Plant photosynthesis and energy creation are complex processes involving carbon dioxide, water and sunlight, facilitated by multiple enzymes to create the basic sugar called glucose. Much of the glucose plants produce is immediately metabolized into different forms of energy that plants use to grow and reproduce." ], "url": [ "http://sambal.co.uk/?page_id=218", "http://sambal.co.uk/?page_id=218", "http://science.howstuffworks.com/innovation/edible-innovations/food2.htm", "http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/add_ocr_21c/life_processes/plantfoodrev1.shtml", "http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/add_ocr_21c/life_processes/plantfoodrev1.shtml", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_substance_does_a_plant_need_to_convert_glucose_into_protein", "http://homeguides.sfgate.com/plant-change-sugar-starch-82358.html" ] }

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[ "A computer system with a dedicated function within a larger mechanical or electrical system, often with real-time computing constraints." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "According to an IDC report, the embedded systems market, which already generates more than $1 trillion in revenue annually, will double by 2015. Embedded systems are computer systems dedicated to a particular functionality, rather than for a general purpose. Such systems typically are required to operate under stringent performance, power, cost, space, reliability, and real-time constraints. ", "A specialized computer system that is part of a larger system or machine. Typically, an embedded system is housed on a single microprocessor board with the programs stored in ROM. Virtually all appliances that have a digital interface -- watches, microwaves, VCRs, cars -- utilize embedded systems.", "An embedded system is a computer that has been built to solve only a few very specific problems and is not easily changed. In contrast, a general-purpose computer can do many different jobs, and can be changed at any time with new programs for new jobs. An embedded system usually does not look like a computer, often there is no keyboard or monitor or mouse. But like any computer it has a processor and software, input and output. The word embedded means it is built into the system", "Since the embedded system is dedicated to specific tasks, design engineers can optimize it to reduce the size and cost of the product and increase the reliability and performance. Some embedded systems are mass-produced, benefiting from economies of scale. Embedded systems range from no user interface at all, in systems dedicated only to one task, to complex graphical user interfaces that resemble modern computer desktop operating systems. Simple embedded devices use buttons, LEDs, graphic or character LCDs (HD44780 LCD for example) with a simple menu system.", "Embedded Computer Systems. An embedded system is a special-purpose system in which the computer is completely encapsulated by the device it controls. Unlike a general-purpose computer, such as a personal computer, an embedded system performs pre-defined tasks, usually with very specific requirement", "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Embedded software is computer software, written to control machines or devices that are not typically thought of as computers. It is typically specialized for the particular hardware that it runs on and has time and memory constraints. ", "A general-purpose definition of embedded systems is that they are devices used to control, monitor or assist the operation of equipment, machinery or plant. “Embedded” reflects the fact that they are an integral part of the system. c) Embedded systems are typically designed to meet real time constraints; a real time system reacts to stimuli from the controlled object/ operator within the time interval dictated by the environment. For real time systems, right answers arriving too late (or even too early) are wrong.", "An embedded system is a computer system with a dedicated function within a larger mechanical or electrical system, often with real-time computing constraints. It is embedded as part of a complete device often including hardware and mechanical parts. Embedded systems control many devices in common use today. Embedded systems range from no user interface at all, in systems dedicated only to one task, to complex graphical user interfaces that resemble modern computer desktop operating systems. Simple embedded devices use buttons, LEDs, graphic or character LCDs (HD44780 LCD for example) with a simple menu system." ], "url": [ "http://www.pdx.edu/ece/embedded-systems", "http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/E/embedded_system.html", "https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embedded_system", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embedded_system", "http://www.ece.ncsu.edu/research/cas/ecs", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embedded_software", "http://www.engineersgarage.com/articles/embedded-systems", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embedded_system" ] }

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{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "This is ironic because, even though the Arawak would have viewed the Caribs as invaders, the Spanish were also invaders who posed as great of, if not more of, a threat to the Arawaks than the Caribs. Hulme states that “ethnic self-ascription” is the most revealing way to distinguish between cultures. How the Caribs or Arawaks view themselves and how the Spanish viewed them defined their culture and how we, even now, view them.", "1 The cultures of the arawaks/Taino taíno and/Caribs kalinago were very; similar however they came from two language groups The arawakan And. cariban What are the differences between the Arawak and the Caribs? When the first Europeans reached the Caribbean, they encountered three groups of inhabitans: The Siboneys (mostly living on Cuba and Puerto Rico) The Caribs and Arwaks liv … ing in small groups and tribes throughout the Caribbean islands.", "they had may similarities The Caribs were much more warlike than the Arawaks. The Caribs focused on making boats and weapons for war while the Arawaks strongest point was ag … riculture. Kalinago is the formal name or better yet the name the Caribs themselves would prefer to be known as. Carib was the name given to them by the Europeans and as such had littl … e or no meaning to them. Many have suggested that Taino is the formal name of the Arawaks. 1 person found this useful.", "1 The cultures of the arawaks/Taino taíno and/Caribs kalinago were very; similar however they came from two language groups The arawakan And. 2 Cariban The kalinago pottery were not as sophisticated in ceramics as The. taino What are the differences between the Arawak and the Caribs? When the first Europeans reached the Caribbean, they encountered three groups of inhabitans: The Siboneys (mostly living on Cuba and Puerto Rico) The Caribs and Arwaks liv … ing in small groups and tribes throughout the Caribbean islands.", "Although there are real differences between Caribs and Arawaks, the differences themselves did not signify a definitive cultural split between the two. “Ethnicity is […] no doubt a complicated interaction of self-perception and perception by others – rather than of being. How the Caribs or Arawaks view themselves and how the Spanish viewed them defined their culture and how we, even now, view them.", "1 The cultures of the arawaks/Taino taíno and/Caribs kalinago were very; similar however they came from two language groups The arawakan And. 2 Cariban The kalinago pottery were not as sophisticated in ceramics as The. 3 Taino the cotton technology textiles of The kalinago were more. advanced What are the differences between the Arawak and the Caribs? When the first Europeans reached the Caribbean, they encountered three groups of inhabitans: The Siboneys (mostly living on Cuba and Puerto Rico) The Caribs and Arwaks liv … ing in small groups and tribes throughout the Caribbean islands.", "The cultures of the arawaks/Taino taíno and/Caribs kalinago were very; similar however they came from two language groups The arawakan And. Cariban The kalinago pottery were not as sophisticated in ceramics as The. taino Kalinago is the formal name or better yet the name the Caribs themselves would prefer to be known as. Carib was the name given to them by the Europeans and as such had littl … e or no meaning to them. Many have suggested that Taino is the formal name of the Arawaks. 1 person found this useful.", "1 The Caribs were much more warlike than the Arawaks. 2 The Caribs focused on making boats and weapons for war while the Arawaks strongest point was agriculture. 3 The cultures of the arawaks/Taino taíno and/Caribs kalinago were very; similar however they came from two language groups The arawakan And. cariban What are the differences between the Arawak and the Caribs? When the first Europeans reached the Caribbean, they encountered three groups of inhabitans: The Siboneys (mostly living on Cuba and Puerto Rico) The Caribs and Arwaks liv … ing in small groups and tribes throughout the Caribbean islands.", "The Caribs and Arawaks were both tribes that lived in the Caribbean region. The Arawaks were made of several tribes including Taino, Lucayan, Nepoya, Sepoya, and Igneri. They were peaceful people who grew crops and made pottery. They invented the hammock which the Spanish quickly adopted for use on their ships. Kalinago is the formal name or better yet the name the Caribs themselves would prefer to be known as. Carib was the name given to them by the Europeans and as such had littl … e or no meaning to them. Many have suggested that Taino is the formal name of the Arawaks. 1 person found this useful." ], "url": [ "http://coloniallatinamerica215.voices.wooster.edu/caribs-and-arawaks/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_similarities_between_the_Arawaks_and_Caribs", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_differences_between_the_caribs_and_the_arawaks", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_similarities_between_the_Arawaks_and_Caribs", "http://coloniallatinamerica215.voices.wooster.edu/caribs-and-arawaks/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_similarities_between_the_Arawaks_and_Caribs", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_differences_between_the_caribs_and_the_arawaks", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_similarities_between_the_Arawaks_and_Caribs", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_differences_between_the_caribs_and_the_arawaks" ] }

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[ "For Adults: 100 mg and for Children:45 kg" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Doxycycline is indicated for the treatment of the following infections: Rocky Mountain spotted fever, typhus fever and the typhus group, Q fever, rickettsialpox, and tick fevers caused by Rickettsiae. Respiratory tract infections caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Doxycycline is indicated for treatment of infections caused by the following gram-positive microorganisms when bacteriologic testing indicates appropriate susceptibility to the drug: Upper respiratory infections caused by Streptococcus", "Doxycycline for Cats with Upper Respiratory Problems. Doxycycline antibiotics can get your kitty better if she has an upper respiratory infection. If your vet diagnoses your kitty with a bacterial upper respiratory infection, an antibiotic is an important part of treatment. Doxycycline is a broad-spectrum antibiotic in the tetracycline class that's sometimes prescribed for this purpose in cats. Treating a Feline Upper Respiratory Infection. Antibiotics are the main course of treatment for a bacterial infection, including those affecting the upper respiratory tract. Your vet prescribes doxycycline if he believes your pet's infection is caused by a susceptible bacteria.", "For prophylaxis of malaria: For adults, the recommended dose is 100 mg daily. For children over 8 years of age, the recommended dose is 2 mg/kg given once daily up to the adult dose. Prophylaxis should begin 1 or 2 days before travel to the malarious area. Doxycycline is indicated for treatment of infections caused by the following gram-positive microorganisms when bacteriologic testing indicates appropriate susceptibility to the drug: Upper respiratory infections caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae.", "Inhalational anthrax (post-exposure): Adults: 100 mg, of doxycycline, by mouth, twice-a-day for 60 days. Children: weighing less than 100 lb (45 kg); 1 mg/lb (2.2 mg/kg) of body weight, by mouth, twice-a day for 60 days. Children weighing 100 lb or more should receive the adult dose. Doxycycline is indicated for treatment of infections caused by the following gram-positive microorganisms when bacteriologic testing indicates appropriate susceptibility to the drug: Upper respiratory infections caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae.", "Useful in treating infections caused by Mycoplasma pulmonis, spirochetes, chlamydia and rickettsia; doxycycline is the antibiotic of choice in the treatment of both acute and chronic upper and lower respiratory infection, in rats, involving susceptible organisms. (2) (3) Both doxycycline and minocycline are virtually completely absorbed in the GI tract, when taken orally, and are not noticeably impaired when taken with food or dairy. As with minocycline, blood levels of doxycycline are sustained longer providing a longer half-life than other tetracyclines.", "Adults: The usual dose of Doxycycline Capsules for the treatment of acute infections in adults is 200mg on the first day (administered as a single dose or divided into two equal doses with a twelve hour interval), followed by a maintenance dose of 100mg/day. ", "For adults, the normal dose of oral doxycycline is 200 mg on the first day of treatment. Usually you take that as two 100-mg doses, 12 hours apart. After this initial dose, people usually take a maintenance dose of 100 mg daily for seven to 10 days. Like all antibiotics, doxycycline will not treat colds, the flu, or other infections caused by viruses or fungi. A 2014 study found that a low dose of 40 milligrams (mg) of slow-release doxycycline daily could be an effective and safe therapy for ocular rosacea, or rosacea that affects the eyes.", "For more severe infections, such as chronic infections of the urinary tract, the recommended dose is 100 mg every 12 hours. In some cases, people may need to take higher doses, 300 mg a day for 10 days. For inhalational anthrax, the usual adult prescription is 100 mg of doxycycline twice a day for 60 days. For the prevention of malaria, you should start taking doxycycline up to two days before traveling. Continue taking the drug for four weeks after you leave an area where malaria is a risk. Like all antibiotics, doxycycline will not treat colds, the flu, or other infections caused by viruses or fungi. A 2014 study found that a low dose of 40 milligrams (mg) of slow-release doxycycline daily could be an effective and safe therapy for ocular rosacea, or rosacea that affects the eyes.", "Administration. A typical doxycycline dose for treating bacterial feline upper respiratory problems is 2 mg per pound of body weight given twice per day. While this is fairly standard, always stick to the specifications of your prescription, even if they vary from this. Treating a Feline Upper Respiratory Infection. Antibiotics are the main course of treatment for a bacterial infection, including those affecting the upper respiratory tract. Your vet prescribes doxycycline if he believes your pet's infection is caused by a susceptible bacteria." ], "url": [ "http://www.rxlist.com/doryx-drug/indications-dosage.htm", "http://pets.thenest.com/doxycycline-cats-upper-respiratory-problems-8858.html", "http://www.rxlist.com/doryx-drug/indications-dosage.htm", "http://www.rxlist.com/doryx-drug/indications-dosage.htm", "http://ratguide.com/meds/antimicrobial_agents/doxycycline.php", "http://www.medicines.org.uk/EMC/medicine/23950/SPC/Doxycycline+Capsules+BP+100mg/", "http://www.everydayhealth.com/drugs/doxycycline", "http://www.everydayhealth.com/drugs/doxycycline", "http://pets.thenest.com/doxycycline-cats-upper-respiratory-problems-8858.html" ] }

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[ "HSE is responsible for enforcing health and safety." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "This page lists the type of workplaces HSE is responsible for and those where Local Authorities have responsibility. It also lists some other enforcing authorities (eg for food, environment and railways) you may find useful. You should contact your local authority environmental health department if you have a query about the following type of premises: 1 offices (except government offices). 2 shops. 3 hotels. 4 restaurants. 5 leisure premises.", "Under the law employers are responsible for health and safety management. The following provides a broad outline of how the law applies to employers. Don't forget, employees and the self employed have important responsibilities too. It is an employer's duty to protect the health, safety and welfare of their employees and other people who might be affected by their business.", "Environmental, health and safety (EHS) departments, also called SHE or HSE departments, of some companies are responsible for environmental protection, occupational health and safety at work. ", "What schools are responsible for. Every school has a health and safety policy. Ask the school if you want to read it. It should contain details of what the school is responsible for (eg school trips) as well as what they should do to look after your child. Schools must follow the same health and safety law for indoor temperature as other workplaces.", "The HSE was created by the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974, and has since absorbed earlier regulatory bodies such as the Factory Inspectorate and the Railway Inspectorate though the Railway Inspectorate was transferred to the Office of Rail Regulation in April 2006. However, most criticism of the HSE is that their regulations are over-broad, suffocating, and part of a nanny state. The Daily Telegraph has claimed that the HSE is part of a compensation culture, that it is undemocratic and unaccountable, and that its rules are costing jobs.", "In line with our Group Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) Policy Statement, NNPC is committed to conducting its activities in a manner that promotes the Health and Safety of its employees, assets and the public, as well as protection of the environment. The Department is also responsible for formulation of practical HSE policies and guidelines in line with industry best practice, facilitate timely and comprehensive compliance while maintaining effective service delivery for the protection of staff, assets and", "Introduction Health, Safety and Environmental (HSE) Management is an integral andessential part of the way we do our business and is considered an equal partof the wider system for the management of our business.Through effective management, Ensign aims to be the preferred contractorand the favoured employer. ", "It is the body responsible for the encouragement, regulation and enforcement of workplace health, safety and welfare, and for research into occupational risks in England and Wales and Scotland. Responsibility in Northern Ireland lies with the Health and Safety Executive for Northern Ireland. However, most criticism of the HSE is that their regulations are over-broad, suffocating, and part of a nanny state. The Daily Telegraph has claimed that the HSE is part of a compensation culture, that it is undemocratic and unaccountable, and that its rules are costing jobs.", "The Health and Safety Executive (HSE) is a non-departmental public body of the United Kingdom with its headquarters in Liverpool, England. However, most criticism of the HSE is that their regulations are over-broad, suffocating, and part of a nanny state. The Daily Telegraph has claimed that the HSE is part of a compensation culture, that it is undemocratic and unaccountable, and that its rules are costing jobs.", "HSE is responsible for enforcing health and safety at workplaces including: 1 factories. 2 farms. 3 building sites. 4 mines. 5 schools and colleges. 6 fairgrounds. 7 gas, electricity and water systems. 8 hospitals and nursing homes. You should contact your local authority environmental health department if you have a query about the following type of premises: 1 offices (except government offices). 2 shops. 3 hotels. 4 restaurants. 5 leisure premises." ], "url": [ "http://www.hse.gov.uk/contact/authority.htm", "http://www.hse.gov.uk/workers/employers.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environment,_health_and_safety", "https://www.gov.uk/health-safety-school-children", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_and_Safety_Executive", "http://www.nnpcgroup.com/NNPCBusiness/BusinessInformation/HealthSafetyEnvironment.aspx", "http://www.ensignenergy.com/hse/Documents/ESI_HSE_handbook.pdf", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_and_Safety_Executive", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_and_Safety_Executive", "http://www.hse.gov.uk/contact/authority.htm" ] }

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[ "All of the costs that a factory incurs, other than the variable costs required to build products, such as direct materials and direct labor." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "When absorption costing method is used a portion of fixed manufacturing overhead cost is allocated to each unit of product along with variable manufacturing cost. This approach is also called full costing method because all costs of production are included in the product cost. Under variable costing system, those costs of production that vary with output are treated as product costs. The unit product costs under variable costing system consists of direct materials, direct labor and variable portion of manufacturing overhead.", "Since direct materials and direct labor are usually considered to be the only costs that directly apply to a unit of production, manufacturing overhead is (by default) all of the indirect costs of a factory. Manufacturing overhead does not include any of the selling or administrative functions of a business. Manufacturing overhead is all of the costs that a factory incurs, other than the variable costs required to build products, such as direct materials and direct labor. This overhead is applied to the units produced within a reporting period. Examples of costs that are included in the manufacturing overhead category are:", "Some of the costs that would typically be included in manufacturing overhead include: Material handlers (forklift operators who move materials and units). People who set up the manufacturing equipment to the required specifications. People who inspect products as they are being produced. Manufacturing overhead, however, consists of indirect factory-related costs and as such must be divided up and allocated to each unit produced. For example, the property tax on a factory building is part of manufacturing overhead.", "What is the total factory overhead? At the beginning of 2015, Swift Company's Work-in-Process Inventory account had a balance of $120,000. During 2015, $250,000 of direct materials were used in production, and $75,000 of direct labor costs were incurred. Manufacturing overhead amounted to $850,000. The cost of goods manufactured was $675", "For a product to be profitable, its selling price must be greater than the sum of the product cost (direct material, direct labor, and manufacturing overhead) plus the nonmanufacturing costs and expenses. For a further discussion of nonmanufacturing costs, see Nonmanufacturing Overhead Costs. Manufacturing overhead, however, consists of indirect factory-related costs and as such must be divided up and allocated to each unit produced. For example, the property tax on a factory building is part of manufacturing overhead.", "Manufacturing cost is the sum of costs of all resources consumed in the process of making a product. The manufacturing cost is classified into three categories: direct materials cost, direct labor cost and manufacturing overhead. ", "Cost accounting is the process of allocating expenses. One important aspect of cost accounting is allocating manufacturing overhead. Manufacturing overhead refers to all of the costs associated with manufacturing a product other than direct labor and direct materials. Several types of expenses are examples of manufacturing overhead. ", "Direct Material: raw materials that become a part of the finished product and are easily traced to one product. Manufacturing Overhead: all costs of manufacturing the product except direct materials and direct labor. Costs associated with operating the factory that makes the product. If the cost has the word “factory”, “plant”, “manufacturing”, as a descriptive word, the cost will be part of manufacturing overhead. Period: Selling, administrative, and warehouse costs. They are reported on the income statement as expenses as they are incurred. Product: all costs that are required to make a product.", "Unit product cost. $7. (The $30,000 fixed manufacturing overhead will be charged off in total against income as a period expense along with selling and administrative expenses). Under the absorption costing, notice that all production costs, variable and fixed, are included when determining the unit product cost. Under variable costing system, those costs of production that vary with output are treated as product costs. The unit product costs under variable costing system consists of direct materials, direct labor and variable portion of manufacturing overhead." ], "url": [ "http://accountingexplanation.com/variable_costing_versus_absorption%20costing.htm", "http://www.accountingtools.com/questions-and-answers/what-is-manufacturing-overhead.html", "http://www.accountingcoach.com/manufacturing-overhead/explanation", "http://essayscollection.com/view_paper/id/1357739", "http://www.accountingcoach.com/manufacturing-overhead/explanation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manufacturing_cost", "http://smallbusiness.chron.com/examples-manufacturing-overhead-cost-accounting-37582.html", "http://studymyaccounting.com/FreeMaterial/productperiod/understandanswers.html", "http://accountingexplanation.com/variable_costing_versus_absorption%20costing.htm" ] }

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[ "A few genus are Acerodons, the Rousettus, Craseonycterus, Myotis, and Artibeus." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The common vampire bat (Desmodus rotundus) is a small, leaf-nosed bat native to the Americas. It is one of three extant species of vampire bat, the other two being the hairy-legged and the white-winged vampire bats. These species are the only known parasitic mammals. The common vampire bat mainly feeds on the blood of livestock, approaching its prey at night while they are sleeping. The species is highly polygynous, and dominant adult males defend groups of females. It is one of the most social of bat species with a number of cooperative behaviors such as social grooming and food sharing. Because it feeds on livestock and is a carrier of rabies, the common vampire bat is considered a pest.", "Split and merge into it. Answer by Rezowan. Confidence votes 67. The scientific name of bat is Pipistrellus Pipistrellus that is a common bat's scientific name. Pipistrellus Pipistrellus is a common bat's scientific name. -Victoria McCombs Chiroptera is the order for all bats. They fall under the mammal class, the next defining sectio … n would be order.", "Report Abuse. You would have to pick out a specific species in order to classify the genus and species of a bat. For instance, a big brown bat is genus species Eptesicus fuscus. The order for bats is Chiroptera. That means that it is not in the rodent family because rodents are classified under the order rodentia. Best Answer: There are about 1100 species of bats (order Chiroptera), and they are in no way related to rodents other than both being placental mammals. Rodents are also not a family, but a whole order that includes about 32 families.", "Chiroptera There are about 1200 species of bat with different binary (scientific) names. Some bat groups are the Acerodons, the Rousettus, Craseonycterus, Myotis, and Arti … beus. Each of these genera (First half of the binary name) can have several species (Second half of the binary name). The scientific name of bat is Pipistrellus Pipistrellus that is a common bat's scientific name.", "A genus is a scientific way of showing that species are very closed related to each other. In fact the first word of the species' scientific name is its genus. So for lions (Panthera leo), Panthera is the genus and tells us that they are closely related to tigers (Panthera tigris), because they share the name. 1 Bottlenose dolphins. 2 Giant kelps.", "It is also arguably the smallest extant species of mammal, with the Etruscan shrew being the other contender. The largest species of bat are a few species of Pteropus (fruit bats or flying foxes) and the giant golden-crowned flying fox with a weight up to 1.6 kg (4 lb) and wingspan up to 1.7 m (5 ft 7 in). Fruit eating, or frugivory, is a specific habit found in two families of bats. Megachiropterans and microchiropterans both include species of bat that feed on fruits. These bats feed on the juices of sweet fruits, and fulfill the needs of some seeds to be dispersed.", "Chiroptera There are about 1200 species of bat with different binary (scientific) names. Some bat groups are the Acerodons, the Rousettus, Craseonycterus, Myotis, and Arti … beus. Pipistrellus Pipistrellus is a common bat's scientific name. -Victoria McCombs Chiroptera is the order for all bats. They fall under the mammal class, the next defining sectio … n would be order." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_vampire_bat", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_scientific_name_of_bat", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090316124032AARTAH0", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_scientific_name_for_bats", "http://www.bbc.co.uk/nature/genus", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bat", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_scientific_name_of_bat" ] }

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[ "$22.80 per hour in 2014", "$22.80 per hour" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Welder Salary. (Canada). A Welder earns an average wage of C$22.75 per hour. For the first five to ten years in this position, pay increases steeply, but any additional experience does not have a big effect on pay. Most people with this job move on to other positions after 20 years in this career. C$34,599 - C$99,177.", "Making the world better, one answer at a time. Welders in Ft. MacMurry, Alberta can make up to $75/hr. depending on experience and what kind of welding they are proficient at. During the last 3 to 5 yrs. Journeyman Welders can make upwards of $100,000/yr. and more with overtime. It all really depends on where you plan on working in Canada and what your qualifications are. In Souther Ontario a Primary Care Paramedic (PCP) can make $20 - $30 an … hour (that's an approximation). While an Advanced Care Paramedic (ACP) can make a few dollars extra an hour.", "According to the latest figures, the highest hourly average (median) wages are earned in Windsor / Sarnia, Ontario at $36.51 per hour and the lowest average (median) wages are earned in Winnipeg, Manitoba at $23.36 per hour. A typical full-time annual salary for this occupation is in the region of $47,000 – $67,000. The 2014 full-time average hourly wage rate for other trades, which includes ironworkers, is $26.69. The 2014 corresponding median weekly wage rate is $1013, giving an approximate full-time annual salary for this employment unit of $53,000.", "As of 2014, the average hourly wage for welders in Canada is $22.80. The average yearly salary for welders in Canada is $40,000. The rate is higher for more experienced we … lders. Answered. It all really depends on where you plan on working in Canada and what your qualifications are. In Souther Ontario a Primary Care Paramedic (PCP) can make $20 - $30 an … hour (that's an approximation). While an Advanced Care Paramedic (ACP) can make a few dollars extra an hour.", "The 2014 full-time average hourly wage rate for other trades occupations, which includes welders and related machine operators, is $26.69. A typical full-time annual salary for this occupation is in the region of $40,000 – $55,000. The government forecasts that there will continue to be a surplus of workers in this occupation for the near future.", "On average, Welders in Alberta make $31.37 an hour. That s about $68,000 a year. Apprentice Welders earn 60% of a journeyman s wage rate in the first year, 75% in the second, and 90% in the third.", "According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, commercial divers and underwater welders have a mean (average) hourly wage of $26.32, while the mean annual wage is approximately $54,750. Additionally, the top percentile (90%) can make approximately $93,910 or more. ", "The table below details the hourly wages for Welders and Related Machine Operators. The Canadian national occupation classification code (NOC) for this role is 7265. A typical full-time annual salary for this occupation is in the region of $40,000 – $55,000. The government forecasts that there will continue to be a surplus of workers in this occupation for the near future.", "According to the latest figures, the highest hourly average (median) wages are earned in Edmonton, Alberta at $31.00 per hour and the lowest average (median) wages are earned in Winnipeg, Manitoba at $18.81 per hour. A typical full-time annual salary for this occupation is in the region of $40,000 – $55,000. The government forecasts that there will continue to be a surplus of workers in this occupation for the near future.", "Average Welder salaries for job postings in Ontario, CA are 11% lower than average Welder salaries for job postings nationwide. " ], "url": [ "http://www.payscale.com/research/CA/Job=Welder/Hourly_Rate", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_pay_rate_for_a_welder_in_Alberta_canada", "http://www.livingin-canada.com/salaries-for-ironworkers-canada.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_pay_rate_for_a_welder_in_Alberta_canada", "http://www.livingin-canada.com/salaries-for-welders-canada.html", "http://www.industryspotlight.ca/c/careers/welder/", "https://www.commercialdivingacademy.com/underwater-welding-career-and-salary.cms", "http://www.livingin-canada.com/salaries-for-welders-canada.html", "http://www.livingin-canada.com/salaries-for-welders-canada.html", "http://www.indeed.com/salary/q-Welder-l-Ontario,-CA.html" ] }

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[ "Quota sampling is a method for selecting survey participants. In quota sampling, a population is first segmented into mutually exclusive sub-groups, just as in stratified sampling. Whereas, random sampling is a sampling method in which the population is first divided into strata." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "= 15 students. The main difference between stratified sampling and quota sampling is that stratified sampling would select the students using a probability sampling method such as simple random sampling or systematic sampling. In quota sampling, no such technique is used.", "In quota sampling, the selection of the sample is non-random sample and can be unreliable. For example, interviewers might be tempted to interview those people in the street who look most helpful, or may choose to use accidental sampling to question those closest to them, for time-keeping sake.", "Best Answer: Quota sampling is a method for selecting survey participants. In quota sampling, a population is first segmented into mutually exclusive sub-groups, just as in stratified sampling. Then judgment is used to select the subjects or units from each segment based on a specified proportion.", "= 0.15 x 100. = 15 students. The main difference between stratified sampling and quota sampling is that stratified sampling would select the students using a probability sampling method such as simple random sampling or systematic sampling. In quota sampling, no such technique is used.", "Shawn asked a good question in class yesterday about the differences between stratified sampling and quota sampling. In terms of sampling mechanism (i.e. the actual process by which cases are chosen from the population), it is clear that these two samples are different.", "Stratified Sampling. Stratified random sampling is a sampling method in which the population is first divided into strata (A stratum is a homogeneous subset of the population). Then a simple random sample is taken from each stratum.", "Quota sampling is a method for selecting survey participants. In quota sampling, a population is first segmented into mutually exclusive sub-groups, just as in stratified samp … ling. Then judgment is used to select the subjects or units from each segment based on a specified proportion which is called the Quota sample." ], "url": [ "http://www.statcan.gc.ca/edu/power-pouvoir/ch13/nonprob/5214898-eng.htm", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20120513043526AA9Ybd3", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20120513043526AA9Ybd3", "http://www.statcan.gc.ca/edu/power-pouvoir/ch13/nonprob/5214898-eng.htm", "https://soc382.wordpress.com/2009/01/09/stratquota/", "http://www.differencebetween.com/difference-between-stratified-and-vs-cluster-sampling/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_difference_between_quota_and_stratified_sampling" ] }

[]

[ "Yes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Of course, answering it isn't so simple. We can offer definitions like Truth is that which conforms to reality, fact, or actuality.. But this basic definition is not complete because its definition is open to interpretation and a wide variety of applications. Truth is not deception. Of course, it could be true that someone is being deceptive, but the deception itself isn't truth. In relativism, all points of view are equally valid, and all truth is relative to the individual. If this were true, then it would seem that this is the only truth relativism would have to offer", "Secular Worldview. Secular Worldview Mankind at the Center. The Secular Worldview is a religious worldview in which man is the measure -- mankind is the ultimate norm by which truth and values are to be determined. According to Secular Humanism, all reality and life center upon human beings. In fact, we act as God. ", "The secular church allows the ways of the world to seep into the beliefs and practices of the Christian church, thereby diluting the truth. If we find something in the church that is contrary to Scripture but is taught in the secular world, then that church has become--in part--secularized. ", "In a strong secularism, these respects would be protected—protected against the idolizations of human or divine power, that is, protected against various secular voices or religious voices who claim to authorize the only truth. But my engagement with questions about the secular, to date, has been to question the reification of a secularism/religion or secular/sacred divide, and hence, I am uncomfortable when Bilgrami defines secularism over against religion.", "Secularism, belief, and truth. In discussions of religion and secularism, too often an emphasis falls on how belief in a deity defines religion against the secular, and not often enough, on the common ground between secularism and religion—beliefs about the human condition. But my engagement with questions about the secular, to date, has been to question the reification of a secularism/religion or secular/sacred divide, and hence, I am uncomfortable when Bilgrami defines secularism over against religion.", "Jesus taught that, though we are in the world, we’re not of the world (Romans 2:2; James 4:4; 1 John 2:15). Secularism promotes the idea that religion is nothing but a relic of the past. But the truth is, God exists, and we do need Him. Despite the claims of secular humanism, the Bible is God’s truth (John 17:17). Its primary objective is the total elimination of all religious elements from society.” Secularism, also known as secular humanism, teaches that there are no objective or absolute truths defining right and wrong.", "If what is true for me is that relativism is false, then is it true that relativism is false? 1) If you say no, then what is true for me is not true, and relativism is false. 2) If you say yes, then relativism is false. Relativism seems to defy the very nature of truth, namely, that truth is not self-contradictory. Truth is not deception. Of course, it could be true that someone is being deceptive, but the deception itself isn't truth. In relativism, all points of view are equally valid, and all truth is relative to the individual. If this were true, then it would seem that this is the only truth relativism would have to offer", "True wisdom comes from God and only God and is written in His Word, the Bible. Secular Secular world view purports that there is a person or persons who has the answer to particular life questions. Their approach is the best and the author is the defining authority on the subject. This lends itself to the guru effect. ", "It does not question the pretensions of Christianity; it advances others. Secularism does not say there is no light or guidance elsewhere, but maintains that there is light and guidance in secular truth, whose conditions and sanctions exist independently, and act forever. What all secular governments, from the democratic to the authoritarian, share is a concern about relations between church and state. Each secular government may find its own unique policy prescriptions for dealing with that concern (separation being but one of those possible policies." ], "url": [ "https://carm.org/what-is-truth", "http://www.allaboutworldview.org/secular-worldview.htm", "https://carm.org/what-are-signs-church-becoming-secular", "http://blogs.ssrc.org/tif/2011/10/27/secularism-belief-and-truth/", "http://blogs.ssrc.org/tif/2011/10/27/secularism-belief-and-truth/", "http://www.gotquestions.org/what-is-secularism.html", "https://carm.org/what-is-truth", "http://www.christian-information-center.com/christian-secular.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secularism" ] }

[]

[ "$55,000 a year" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Salary. The average yearly salary for a nurse specializing in labor and delivery is approximately $55,000 a year. A labor and delivery nurse who has several years of experience can expect to make closer to $70,000 or more. Those nurses with a master’s degree or higher can also make a significantly higher annual salary. The annual pay level for a labor and delivery nurse is often higher in metropolitan areas verses rural areas.", "A Labor and delivery nurse’s salary can span a wide range, making it a bit more difficult to pinpoint just how much Labor and Delivery nurses make. On average, their salaries are set anywhere from $40,000 to 90,000 per year depending on experience, education, employer and location. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, median salaries for registered nurses nationwide exceed $62,000 annually. Among the highest paid registered nurses are orthopedic nurse practitioners. These specialists average more than $81,000 annually, and it’s not uncommon for them to earn up to $94,000 per year.", "Pay By Metropolitan Area. The top-paying metropolitan area for labor and delivery nurses in 2009 was Visalia-Porterville, CA, which paid an average of $111,030 a year, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. National Pay. The average pay for labor and delivery nurses in the United States in 2009 was $66,530 a year, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. This is a 6.5 percent increase since 2007.", "Nurses with 10 to 19 years of neonatal nursing experience earn high annual salaries, averaging between $80,901 and $104,313 per year. The most experienced neonatal nurse practitioners, 20 or more years of work experience, on average earn more than $111,000 per year. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, median salaries for registered nurses nationwide exceed $62,000 annually. Among the highest paid registered nurses are orthopedic nurse practitioners. These specialists average more than $81,000 annually, and it’s not uncommon for them to earn up to $94", "Labour and Delivery Nurse with less than a year of practice collects from $45,000 – $57,000. Labour and Delivery Nurse with 1 to 4 years of experience earns from $30,913 – $80,267 per year while those with 10 to 19 years of practice collect an average $63,000 – $117,916 per annum. Average labour and delivery nurse salary. The median wage of Labour and Delivery Nurse in the United States is around $59,725 per annum. The hourly average of Labour and Delivery Nurse is from $20.21 to $39.07 while the average overtime is from $10.07 to $60.82. A Labour and Delivery Nurse in the US can earn a top yearly bonus of $2,031", "A newly practicing labour and delivery nurse can receive a starting yearly minimum salary of $45,000. As labour and delivery nurse gains more years experience the salary increases considerably. A Labour and Delivery Nurse practicing for 10-19 years can receive up to $120,000 salary including perk/benefits and bonuses. Average labour and delivery nurse salary. The median wage of Labour and Delivery Nurse in the United States is around $59,725 per annum. The hourly average of Labour and Delivery Nurse is from $20.21 to $39.07 while the average overtime is from $10.07 to $60.82. A Labour and Delivery Nurse in the US can earn a top yearly bonus of $2,031", "Average Pay for RNs. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, registered nurses in all specialties earned an average of $67,930 per year as of 2012. Half of all RNs made between $25.80 and $37.84 per hour and reported annual earnings ranging from $53,670 to $78,700 per year" ], "url": [ "http://www.lpn.com/types-of-nurses/labor-delivery-nurse/", "http://www.collegeatlas.org/nurse-salaries.html", "http://www.ehow.com/info_8223601_much-delivery-nurses-make-year.html", "http://www.collegeatlas.org/nurse-salaries.html", "http://www.healthcare-salaries.com/nursing/labour-and-delivery-nurse-salary", "http://www.healthcare-salaries.com/nursing/labour-and-delivery-nurse-salary", "http://work.chron.com/much-baby-delivery-nurses-make-22504.html" ] }

[]

[ "Yes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Hezbollah, also known as 'The Party of God,' is a radical Shi’a Muslim group fighting against Israel and “western imperialism” in Lebanon. The group does not recognize the legitimacy of the State of Israel and it has labeled as a foreign terrorist organization (FTO) by the U.S. State Department since October 1997.", "Twelfth, Hezbollah is not only a mega-terrorist organization, but one that has an objective which is genocidal and an ideology which is anti-Semitic – not because I say so but because its leadership and declarations so proclaim.", "The U.S State Department designated Hezbollah a Foreign Terrorist Organization in October 1997, and believes the group operates terrorist cells in Europe, Africa, Asia, and Latin America. In 2010, the Obama administration described Hezbollah as the most technically capable terrorist group in the world ..", "Hezbollah. Hezbollah (“Party of G-d”) is a terrorist organization, based in Lebanon, whose goal is the destruction of Israel. In that pursuit it has attacked Israeli and Jewish targets worldwide. It is also responsible for infamous attacks against American military installations in Lebanon in the early 1980s.", "Hezbollah was born during the First Lebanon War in 1982. It arose out of an anti-Israel Shia Muslim rebel movement, and was funded by Iran and trained by Iran’s Quds Force. Hezbollah has been based in Southern Lebanon since its creation and is now led by Hassan Nasrallah.", "Hezbollah is a Shiite Muslim political party and militant group that the United States and European Union consider a terrorist organization.", "Hezbollah (“Party of G-d”) is a terrorist organization, based in Lebanon, whose goal is the destruction of Israel. In that pursuit it has attacked Israeli and Jewish targets worldwide. It is also responsible for infamous attacks against American military installations in Lebanon in the early 1980s." ], "url": [ "http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Terrorism/hizbollah.html", "http://www.jpost.com/Opinion/Op-Ed-Contributors/Why-Hezbollah-is-a-terrorist-organization-320297", "http://www.cfr.org/lebanon/hezbollah-k-hizbollah-hizbullah/p9155", "http://www.adl.org/israel-international/israel-middle-east/content/AG/hezbollah.html", "https://www.idfblog.com/hezbollah/2013/07/10/hezbollah-political-party-or-terrorist-organization/", "http://www.cfr.org/lebanon/hezbollah-k-hizbollah-hizbullah/p9155", "http://www.adl.org/israel-international/israel-middle-east/content/AG/hezbollah.html" ] }

[]

[ "Yes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "A. You can roll over your IRA, 401(k), 403(b), or lump sum pension payment into an annuity tax-free. Annuities funded with an IRA or 401(k) rollover are qualified plans, enabling an insurance company to create an IRA annuity, into which you can deposit your retirement funds directly.", "You can roll over an inherited qualified annuity. This type of annuity resides in an individual retirement account or employer plan. A nonspouse beneficiary has limited options regarding how to roll over the annuity and when taxes are due. Inherited qualified annuities are taxable unless they reside in a Roth account.", "An annuity is qualified if it is held in an employer plan or individual retirement account. In either case, you can roll an inherited qualified annuity into an IRA, but different rules apply for spouses versus other beneficiaries. If you are a non-spouse beneficiary, you can roll over the inheritance into a “beneficial IRA.”.", "If you inherit a Roth annuity, you can roll it over into a Roth IRA or Roth beneficial IRA, depending on your relationship to the deceased. In either case, the distributions are tax-free.", "The annuitant or the beneficiary of the annuity may also be able to roll the annuity over into an IRA if the annuitant or beneficiary is the spouse of the original owner. Non-spouse beneficiaries do not generally hold the right to roll an annuity over into a personal IRA.", "Spousal Inheritance. If you inherit a qualified annuity from your spouse, you can take direct ownership of it or roll it over into your own IRA. In either case, you can postpone taking money out until you reach age 70 1/2. You only shell out taxes on the inheritance when you withdraw it from the IRA.", "Under the ruling, a beneficiary can perform a Section 1035 exchange on an inherited annuity, but the exchange must conform to all the other rules that apply to inherited annuities. Non-qualified annuities can’t be rolled over into an individual retirement account or other qualified annuity." ], "url": [ "https://www.immediateannuities.com/roll-over-ira-or-401k/", "http://budgeting.thenest.com/can-beneficiary-roll-over-deceased-parents-annuity-paying-taxes-32900.html", "http://budgeting.thenest.com/can-roll-over-inherited-qualified-annuity-32812.html", "http://budgeting.thenest.com/can-roll-over-inherited-qualified-annuity-32812.html", "http://wiki.fool.com/Can_an_Inherited_Annuity_Be_Rolled_Over_Into_an_IRA%3F", "http://budgeting.thenest.com/can-roll-over-inherited-qualified-annuity-32812.html", "http://finance.zacks.com/can-inherited-nonqualified-annuity-rolled-over-tax-11420.html" ] }

[]

[ "Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), also known as brittle bone disease or Lobstein syndrome, is a congenital bone disorder characterized by brittle bones that are prone to fracture.", "Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), also known as brittle bone disease or Lobstein syndrome, is a congenital bone disorder characterized by brittle bones that are prone to fracture." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Type II OI is the most severe form. Infants are quite small and are usually born with multiple fractures, an unusually soft skull and an unstable neck. Limbs may be disproportionately small and legs may fall into a frog-like position. The head may be large for the size of the body. Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a genetic disorder. Most cases (90 percent) are caused by a faulty gene that reduces either the amount or the quality of type 1 collagen throughout the body.", "Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), also known as brittle bone disease or Lobstein syndrome, is a congenital bone disorder characterized by brittle bones that are prone to fracture. People with OI are born with defective connective tissue, or without the ability to make it, usually because of a deficiency of type I collagen. Eight types of OI can be distinguished. Most cases are caused by mutations in the COL1A1 and COL1A2 genes. Diagnosis of OI is based on the clinical features and may be confirmed by collagen or DNA testing. There is no cure for OI. Treatment is aimed at increasing overall bone strength to prevent fracture and maintain mobility.", "Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a disease that causes weak bones that break easily. It is known as brittle bone disease. Sometimes the bones break for no known reason. OI can also cause many other problems such as weak muscles, brittle teeth, and hearing loss. About 20,000 to 50,000 people in the United States have OI. Genes are what make you look like your biological family. Each of the genes that cause OI plays a role in how the body makes collagen. Collagen is a material in bones that helps make them strong. When these genes aren’t working properly, there isn’t enough collagen, or the collagen doesn’t work properly. This leads to weak bones that break easily", "The general features of each known type of OI are as follows: Type I. 1 Most common and mildest type of OI. 2 Bones fracture easily. 3 Most fractures occur before puberty. 4 Normal or near-normal stature. 5 Loose joints and muscle weakness. 6 Sclera (whites of the eyes) usually have a blue, purple, or gray tint. 7 Triangular face. In dominant (classical) OI, a person has too little type I collagen or a poor quality of type I collagen due to a mutation in one of the type I collagen genes. Collagen is the major protein of the body’s connective tissue. It is part of the framework that bones are formed around", "Type IV OI is the moderate type of OI. The clinical picture can be similar to Type I OI or more like Type III OI. People with this form of OI may be somewhat shorter than others in their family, have frequent fractures that decrease after puberty, and have mild to moderate bone deformity. Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a genetic disorder. Most cases (90 percent) are caused by a faulty gene that reduces either the amount or the quality of type 1 collagen throughout the body.", "A positive type I collagen study confirms the diagnosis of dominant OI, but a negative result could mean that either a collagen type I mutation is present but was not detected or the patient has a form of the disorder that is not associated with type 1 collagen mutations or the patient has a recessive form of OI. In dominant (classical) OI, a person has too little type I collagen or a poor quality of type I collagen due to a mutation in one of the type I collagen genes. Collagen is the major protein of the body’s connective tissue. It is part of the framework that bones are formed around", "Type I OI is different from all other types of OI in an important way. Generally, people with Type I OI have normal type 1 collagen but approximately half the typical amount. People with Type II, Type III, or Type IV OI (the moderate to severe forms) have low levels of abnormal type 1 collagen. Type I is the mildest and most common form of OI. It is believed that 50 to 60 percent of people with OI have Type I. Type I OI can have the characteristics of an invisible disorder, meaning it is not apparent to a casual observer.", "DefinitionOsteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a genetic disorder characterized by bones that break easily, often from little or no apparent cause. A classification system of different types of OI is commonly used to help describe how severely a person with OI is affected. In dominant (classical) OI, a person has too little type I collagen or a poor quality of type I collagen due to a mutation in one of the type I collagen genes. Collagen is the major protein of the body’s connective tissue. It is part of the framework that bones are formed aroun" ], "url": [ "http://www.oif.org/site/PageServer?pagename=AOI_Facts", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osteogenesis_imperfecta", "http://www.niams.nih.gov/Health_Info/Bone/Osteogenesis_Imperfecta/osteogenesis_imperfecta_ff.asp", "http://www.oif.org/site/PageServer?pagename=FastFacts", "http://www.oif.org/site/PageServer?pagename=AOI_Facts", "http://www.oif.org/site/PageServer?pagename=FastFacts", "http://www.niams.nih.gov/Health_Info/Bone/Osteogenesis_Imperfecta/type_1.asp", "http://www.oif.org/site/PageServer?pagename=FastFacts" ] }

[]

[ "Beef", "Boneless" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Bake the Brisket. 1 Place a fat-trimmed 3- to 3-1/2-pound fresh beef brisket in a 13x9x2-inch baking pan. 2 Cover the pan with foil. 3 Bake in a 325 degrees F oven about 3 hours or until tender, turning once halfway through cooking time. 1 Cook and stir onions until they are tender but not brown. 2 Return brisket to the skillet. 3 Add one 28-ounce can crushed tomatoes, 1 cup lower-sodium beef broth, 1 tablespoon Worcestershire sauce, and 1 tablespoon crushed fines herbes.", "1 Place a fat-trimmed 3- to 3-1/2-pound fresh beef brisket in a 13x9x2-inch baking pan. 2 Pour the cooking liquid over the meat. 3 Cover the pan with foil. 4 Bake in a 325 degrees F oven about 3 hours or until tender, turning once halfway through cooking time. 1 Cook and stir onions until they are tender but not brown. 2 Return brisket to the skillet. 3 Add one 28-ounce can crushed tomatoes, 1 cup lower-sodium beef broth, 1 tablespoon Worcestershire sauce, and 1 tablespoon crushed fines herbes.", "Consequently, a brisket can be a large cut of meat, between 3 and 8 pounds, and is rich in the connective tissue collagen. Fresh brisket is an inexpensive boneless cut that requires long, slow cooking to break down the collagen in the connective muscle tissues to achieve unctuous tenderness. ", "Brisket is a cut of meat from the breast or lower chest of beef or veal. The beef brisket is one of the nine beef primal cuts, though the precise definition of the cut differs internationally. The brisket muscles include the superficial and deep pectorals. As cattle do not have collar bones, these muscles support about 60% of the body weight of standing/moving cattle.", "5 After 3 hours, add the carrots. Cover the pot and cook for 1 hour more, or until the carrots are cooked through and the brisket is falling-apart tender. 6 When the brisket is falling-apart tender, take the pot out of the oven and remove the brisket to a cutting board. Cover it with foil. Move the onions and garlic to the sides of the pot and nestle the brisket inside. Add the beef stock and the tied-up herbs. Bring the stock to a boil. Cover the pot, place the pot in the 300°F oven and cook for 3 hours.", "Season the raw brisket on both sides with the rub. Place in a roasting pan and roast, uncovered, for 1 hour. Add beef stock and enough water to yield about 1/2 inch of liquid in the roasting pan. Lower oven to 300 degrees F, cover pan tightly and continue cooking for 3 hours, or until fork-tender. This is the best oven roasted brisket I have ever eaten and the first one I have ever cooked. I only used 1 Tbsp of salt, omitted the sugar and bay leaf, used chicken stock instead of beef, and added 1/2 cup of red wine when I added the stock.", "Beef brisket, a cut of meat from the cow’s chest, is a popular choice for “low and slow” cooking methods like braising, roasting, and stewing. Cooking beef brisket this way makes an otherwise tough cut of meat tender and juicy; good brisket recipes will almost always have a long cook time. ", "Bake the Brisket. 1 Place a fat-trimmed 3- to 3-1/2-pound fresh beef brisket in a 13x9x2-inch baking pan. 2 Pour the cooking liquid over the meat. 3 Cover the pan with foil. 4 Bake in a 325 degrees F oven about 3 hours or until tender, turning once halfway through cooking time. 1 Cook and stir onions until they are tender but not brown. 2 Return brisket to the skillet. 3 Add one 28-ounce can crushed tomatoes, 1 cup lower-sodium beef broth, 1 tablespoon Worcestershire sauce, and 1 tablespoon crushed fines herbes.", "3) 1 quart of beef broth or stock. 4) Foil and a couple towels. How to smoke a tender and juicy beef brisket Follow this step by step, how to video to smoke a tender and juicy beef brisket. This recipe takes a while but is worth the work when you taste the most tender beef brisket you've ever had. Low and slow is the way to go with brisket. I use a meat thermometer with a probe to measure internal temperature of the meat. When the brisket reaches 175 degrees, take it out of the smoker and make a pouch out of two large pieces of aluminum foil. I use two layers of foil to prevent leakage. Before you seal the brisket in the foil, pour a good amount, maybe 1 cup of beef broth into the pouch" ], "url": [ "http://www.bhg.com/recipes/how-to/cooking-basics/how-to-cook-brisket/", "http://www.bhg.com/recipes/how-to/cooking-basics/how-to-cook-brisket/", "http://homecooking.about.com/od/beef/a/brisketcuts.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brisket", "http://www.simplyrecipes.com/recipes/beef_brisket_pot_roast/", "http://www.foodnetwork.com/recipes/texas-oven-roasted-beef-brisket-recipe.html#!", "http://www.thedailymeal.com/3-ways-use-leftover-brisket", "http://www.bhg.com/recipes/how-to/cooking-basics/how-to-cook-brisket/", "http://www.al.com/living/index.ssf/2014/07/beef_brisket_recipe_tender_and.html" ] }

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[ "There are a couple of different tools that you can use to miter corners and what you can use will depend on what you're cutting and how it needs to be cut. Basic, standard cuts can be done on simple materials using a miter box and a hand saw.More complex cuts will need a circular or table saw." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "(1) Cut a square-ended section on the miter saw and slide it into the corner. Cut the second piece at a 45-degree angle. Share. Tweet. Pin. E-mail. (2) Use a coping saw to cut away the back of the second piece of molding, so that it can conform to the profile of the square-ended piece. ", "Keep in mind that for inside corners, you shouldn't be using miter cuts at all -- you should cope them instead. That gives you a joint that appears mitered, but is more forgiving of slight errors and with less tendency to open up over time. share | improve this answer. Your room's corners aren't exactly 90°. Your mitre saw isn't accurate. Given you mention you are using a compound mitre saw I'm going to go with the former. Unfortunately with non-square rooms you're going to have to do this by a little bit of trial and error.", "3. First and second pieces are cut differently. For coped inside corners, the first piece is always cut with a butt or square cut. The second piece is always cut first with an inside corner miter, then that miter is coped to fit tightly against the first piece. 4. Coped corners fit tight. Even if an inside corner is out of square by three degrees, a cope joint will fit tightly without any wasted fiddling time.", "1 Line up the side molding so it’s even with the frame and overlays the top molding. 2 Mark the inside and outside points on the side molding where it intersects the top miter joint. 3 Connect the two points with a straight line and make the cut along that line. Unfortunately not all such corners are exactly 90 degrees, so the miter joint has to be adapted to fit tightly. Here’s how to go about it: 1 Nail the top piece of molding in place with a 45° angle cut. 2 Line up the side molding so it’s even with the frame and overlays the top molding. 3 Mark the inside and outside points on the side molding where it intersects the top miter joint", "1 Nail the top piece of molding in place with a 45° angle cut. 2 Line up the side molding so it’s even with the frame and overlays the top molding. 3 Mark the inside and outside points on the side molding where it intersects the top miter joint. 4 Connect the two points with a straight line and make the cut along that line. Unfortunately not all such corners are exactly 90 degrees, so the miter joint has to be adapted to fit tightly. Here’s how to go about it: 1 Nail the top piece of molding in place with a 45° angle cut. 2 Line up the side molding so it’s even with the frame and overlays the top molding. 3 Mark the inside and outside points on the side molding where it intersects the top miter joint", "There are a couple of different tools that you can use to miter corners and what you can use will depend on what you're cutting and how it needs to be cut. Basic, standard cuts can be done on simple materials using a miter box and a hand saw. More complex cuts will need a circular or table saw. If your mitered corner is at the standard 45 degree angle((360/2)/corners), then you'll need a gap at the end equal to the depth of the piece of wood. 1 If you're using a non-45 angle, you'll need to do some math.", "Step 3: Cope the Molding. When coping the piece of molding so that it forms to the joint that you are forming, use a basic hand coping saw. Study the piece of wood, starting with each specific angle and wood grain style. You want to do this so that you can judge where you need to trim it with a copying saw. Take your time to form the cut to the shapes within the wood. Since the majority of corners in the houses of today are out-of-square, the best way to hang crown molding that has no cracks or gaps is to use a miter saw for the basic cuts. You can then form it with a hand held coping saw. What You'll Need.", "1 For many interior molding situations such as baseboard and crown, etc., you should not miter the inside corners. 2 It won't fit right and miters tend to separate in these situations. 3 For inside corners, you should learn a technique called coping.. 4 This is not difficult (do a search for instructions). If your mitered corner is at the standard 45 degree angle((360/2)/corners), then you'll need a gap at the end equal to the depth of the piece of wood. 1 If you're using a non-45 angle, you'll need to do some math." ], "url": [ "http://www.popularmechanics.com/home/how-to-plans/how-to/a4832/4335690/", "http://diy.stackexchange.com/questions/1868/how-do-i-cut-nice-mitered-corners", "http://www.thisiscarpentry.com/2014/02/21/installing-baseboard/", "http://www.todayshomeowner.com/video/miter-marking/", "http://www.todayshomeowner.com/video/miter-marking/", "http://www.wikihow.com/Miter-Corners", "http://www.doityourself.com/stry/how-to-miter-outofsquare-crown-molding-corners", "http://www.wikihow.com/Miter-Corners" ] }

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[ "There may be a sensation of cramp or tightness and a slight feeling of pain when the muscles are stretched or contracted.", "There may be a sensation of cramp or tightness and a slight feeling of pain when the muscles are stretched or contracted." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "With a grade two Abdominal muscle strain there is immediate pain which is more severe than the pain of a grade one injury. It is confirmed by pain on stretch and contraction of the muscle. A grade two Abdominal strain is usually sore to touch. With a grade one Abdominal muscle strain the signs of injury may not be present until after the activity is over. There may be a sensation of cramp or tightness and a slight feeling of pain when the muscles are stretched or contracted.", "Abdominal muscle spasm, also known as abdominal rigidity, is a powerful, involuntary contraction of the muscles of the abdomen. During a spasm, the muscle will feel stiff and tender if you apply pressure. Like any other muscles in the body, your abdominal muscles can have spasms that occur as a result of muscle strain during heavy use or overuse, fatigue, dehydration, and alcohol or drug use. Abdominal muscle strain is a common injury among athletes and can cause muscle spasms", "What does it mean when your stomach hurts and you feel dizzy for a while. Most like vasovagal attack secondary to the strong abdominal pain. Can persisent coughing strain chest and abdominal muscles and is it dangerous. It does strain the muscles. But it's not dangerous. Please click on Thanks if found useful. seem to have a muscle strain in the abdominal area mid left side ,I exercise regularly. gym four times a week. pain is bearable still working, but getting painful spasms from time to time. what ...", "Symptoms of an abdominal muscle strain are a sudden stabbing pain upon contraction of the injured muscle. This pain is for example felt during the serve or when doing abdominal muscle exercises. Furthermore, the injured muscle is sensitive upon palpation. ", "View image. An abdominal muscle strain is a stretch or tear of a muscle in your belly. A strain may also be called a pulled muscle. You may strain your muscles during an activity like lifting or twisting or even hard coughing or sneezing. Muscles can also get strained from overuse, like from doing lots of sit-ups or crunches. ", "Know Your Abdominal Strain. An abdominal strain is an injury to the rectus abdominus, or front muscle of the abdomen, though injury can also occur to the obliques, or side muscles. An abdominal strain results in sudden pain. You will find it hard to bend or tighten the muscle", "Definition. An abdominal muscle strain is a partial or full tear of the small muscle fibers in the abdomen. The abdominal muscles are grouped around the abdomen and trunk. They make up the core muscles in our body.", "Symptoms. Symptoms include tenderness and inflammation over an area of the rectus abdominis, usually at the bottom of the muscle where it inserts into the pelvis. The athlete may have felt a sudden sharp pain in the abdominal muscles which would indicate a rupture. " ], "url": [ "http://www.physioroom.com/injuries/groin_and_pelvis/abdominal_strain_full.php", "http://www.healthgrades.com/symptoms/abdominal-muscle-spasm", "http://www.healthcaremagic.com/search/what-does-an-abdominal-strain-feel-like", "http://www.itftennis.com/scienceandmedicine/injury-clinic/tennis-injuries/abdominal-muscle.aspx", "http://www.summitmedicalgroup.com/library/adult_health/sma_abdominal_muscle_strain/", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/3498-need-abdominal-strain/", "http://www.mountsinai.org/patient-care/health-library/diseases-and-conditions/abdominal-muscle-strain", "http://www.sportsinjuryclinic.net/sport-injuries/chest-abdomen-pain/abdominal-muscle-strain" ] }

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[ "Fava beans are a broad green legume that grow in long pods and are popular in many Mediterranean and Middle Eastern cuisines." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Fava Beans. Fava beans are a favorite in Mediterranean countries and famously labor-intensive to prepare. These simple recipes maximize their unique flavor (and the work that goes into accessing it). ", "Fava beans-known as broad beans in the UK and much of the rest of the world-are among the oldest of all cultivated crops. Along with chickpeas, lentils and peas, they are thought to have entered the eastern Mediterranean diet in about 6,000 BC, not long after the invention of agriculture. ", "You won't believe these 10 facts about people. Fava beans are one of the oldest plants under cultivation, and they were eaten in ancient Greece and Rome. Despite the name, fava beans are a member of the pea family, though they are also known as broad beans, pigeon beans, horse beans, and windsor beans. They are popular in Mediterranean cuisine, with many summer dishes celebrating the seasonal bean, although they are also dried for winter use. Fava beans are also used as a cover crop to protect delicate soil, because they grow quickly and produce a great deal of lush foliage. In addition, like most legumes, fava beans are nitrogen fixers, and they replenish the soil with this vital nutrient.", "Vicia faba, also known as the broad bean, fava bean, faba bean, field bean, bell bean, or tic bean, is a species of flowering plant in the pea and bean family Fabaceae. It is native to North Africa southwest and south Asia, and extensively cultivated elsewhere. A variety Vicia faba var. The Greek word fava (fáva) φάβα does not refer to broad, beans but to the yellow split pea and also to the Legume lathyrus. Sativus broad beans are known instead as (Koukia: koukiá), greek κουκιά and are eaten in a stew combined, with artichokes while they are still fresh in. their pods", "Fava beans (also known as broad beans) are the king of all beans; their flavor is smoother, sweeter and richer than most other beans. Our suspicion is that it's because fava beans are a chore to peel -- and to some, it's a bit of a mystery figuring out how to get the actual bean out of the pod. In an effort to bring the joy of this big, green bean into more home recipes, here's a quick tutorial on how to get to the bottom of the bean.", "Fava beans. Fava beans are a broad green legume that grow in long pods and are popular in many Mediterranean and Middle Eastern cuisines. Fava beans are almost always removed from the pods before preparing them, although it is possible to braise whole fava bean pods. Fava beans are used in a number of different recipes and can be prepared using a variety of cooking techniques. They are frequently braised and used in stews, and can also be sauteed, sautéed or marinated and served in. salads", "Fava beans, also known as Vicia fabas, broad beans, field beans, bell beans, pigeon beans, windsor beans, horse beans or tic beans, are one of the oldest plants under cultivation, and they were eaten in ancient Greece and Rome. ", "Fava beans are dense with vitamins and minerals. Fava beans are dense with nutrition. Also known as broad beans, fava beans have no saturated fat or cholesterol and contain a high concentration of thiamin, vitamin K, vitamin B-6, potassium, copper, selenium, zinc and magnesium. They are also an inexpensive source of lean protein. A cup of cooked fava beans contains 177 micrograms of folate, approximately 44 percent of the recommended daily allowance of folate for an adult man or woman.", "Fava beans nutrition facts. Fava beans (broad beans in the UK) are large, flat, light green pods usually eaten shelled for their delicious beans. Fava are one of the ancient cultivated crops probably originated in the fertile valleys of Asia Minor or Mediterranean region. Fava beans are very high in protein, and energy as in other beans and lentils. 100 g beans carry 341 calories per 100 g. The beans, however, compose plentiful of health benefiting antioxidants, vitamins, minerals, and plant-sterols." ], "url": [ "http://localfoods.about.com/od/favabeans/", "http://www.drweil.com/drw/u/ART03211/Cooking-With-Legumes-Fava-Beans.html", "http://www.wisegeek.org/what-are-fava-beans.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vicia_faba", "http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/04/17/peeling-fava-beans_n_1428107.html", "http://culinaryarts.about.com/od/glossary/g/Fava-Beans.htm", "http://www.seedguides.info/fava-beans/", "http://healthyeating.sfgate.com/benefits-fava-beans-4574.html", "http://www.nutrition-and-you.com/fava-beans.html" ] }

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[ "Yes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Kissing with a tongue ring is an erotic, exciting experience for both parties. Even though your first thought may be to grab your girlfriend and let the extra sensitive kiss explode between the two of you, there is a waiting period you must observe to allow your tongue to fully heal.", "Best Answer: Your mouth is FULL of bacteria, and your boyfriend's mouth doesn't have more bacteria than your own already does, so you can kiss him whenever you feel like it. Kissing your boyfriend won't actually make it more likely to get infected.", "So how long after a tongue piercing can you kiss? The tongue is the fasting healing part of the body, but it does not heal within hours, so take that into consideration. It may sound like a long time, but two months is the waiting period between the initial tongue piercing and the kissing action you're craving.", "You can kiss someone closed-mouth now, but as far as tongue-kissing, you'll want to avoid that until your tongue is entirely healed (six weeks) or you risk getting the piercing infected. And just so you know, tongue infections hurt like heck and they smell nasty! Source(s): http://www.bellaonline.com/articles/art9...", "You can have a retainer put in that is clear plastic. If you use the retainer in place of your regular piercing, nobody can even tell that you have your tongue pierced. A lso, you can have fun with the piercing itself as a form of body adornment.", "When you are just starting out, kissing with a tongue ring can be tricky. However, a patient partner can learn quickly how to give you the best kisses ever. Firstly, start off by just opening your mouths and tickling the tips of each other's tongues. If that goes well, then try a little bit deeper kiss.", "Rinse with a warm salt water solution to make sure the tongue and barbell are clean of bacteria to speed up healing. Once the probation period is over, your tongue is ready for some action. Enjoy exploring the sensitivity that is amplified through a simple kiss.", "If they have a tongue ring, Don't play too much with it. That can force bacteria into the opening, and cause problems. Also you could cause it to come loose, and ruin the moment. Don't suck on their tongue too hard, or too far back in their mouth.", "The sensations of a piercing are one of the biggest reasons to get a piercing today, making the tongue a popular piercing option. Kissing with a piercing can cause different and pleasurable sensations for both people sharing a kiss." ], "url": [ "http://www.mademan.com/mm/how-long-after-tongue-piercing-can-you-kiss.html", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080423232637AAFHMaX", "http://www.mademan.com/mm/how-long-after-tongue-piercing-can-you-kiss.html", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080423232637AAFHMaX", "http://happykissing.blogspot.com/2010/04/tongue-piercing.html", "https://au.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20071224055236AAt8anc", "http://www.mademan.com/mm/how-long-after-tongue-piercing-can-you-kiss.html", "http://www.wikihow.com/Kiss-Someone-With-Piercings", "http://happykissing.blogspot.com/2010/04/tongue-piercing.html" ] }

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[ "A heat exchanger which heats water indirectly by circulating is over a heating coil or multiple coils." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "A calorifier is a heat exchanger which heats water indirectly by circulating is over a heating coil or multiple coils. The source of heat can be water or steam, heated by an external heat source, contained within a pipe immersed in the water. the two bodies of water or steam do not mix. The calorifier may be a continuous coil of pipe or a cylinder within a cylinder with an annular space between the two vessels. With the vertical hot water cylinder, the steam enters the coil though the top connection. the strainer or grit trap removes any solid matter suspended in the steam.", "Calorifiers are apparatus used for the transfer of heat to water in a vessel using an indirect means. The source of heat is usually obtained in a coil or pipe that is immersed in the water. The heating instrument uses the principle of thermodynamics whereby the water is heated above its temperature to be used for different purposes. A calorifier is an industry term for a storage vessel that has the capacity to generate heat within a mass of stored water. Calorifiers can be installed onto an open vented system with cold water supplied from storage tanks which provide the head pressure for the hot water system", "Rating Newest Oldest. Best Answer: Calorifier-An apparatus used for the transfer of heat to water in a vessel by indirect means, the source of heat being contained within a pipe or coil immersed in the water. -Typical existing building calorifier room-In the existing system, the calorifiers transfer heat from a circuit containing high temperature and pressure water generated by the boilers to a separate circuit that is run at a temperature and pressure that it is safe to distibute within the building concerned.", "calorifier (kəˈlɒrɪˌfaɪə). 1 a water tank fitted with a coil, or coils, that can be heated in order to heat the water ⇒ ■ The pressurised water supply is cold only: a calorifier is available at extra cost. 1 Usage examples. 2 Trends. 3", "Generation of heat is commonly provided by an indirect heat source via a heat transfer coil or heat tube battery. Historically, Calorifiers have tended to be designed around the capacity of daily water demand, with a low heat input coil that would re-generate the hot water supply during non-peak usage periods. ", "Definition of CALORIFIER. : an apparatus for heating a fluid (as water) by circulating it past usually steam-filled heating coils. ADVERTISEMENT.", "Water heating is a thermodynamic process that uses an energy source to heat water above its initial temperature. Typical domestic uses of hot water include cooking, cleaning, bathing, and space heating. In industry, hot water and water heated to steam have many uses. A common arrangement where hot-water space heating is employed, is for a boiler to also heat potable water, providing a continuous supply of DHW without extra equipment. Appliances that can supply both space-heating and DHW are called combination (or combi) boilers.", "Any equipment used to heat water in a tank, with the source of heat being a separate coil of immersed, heated pipes within the water in the tank. CALORIFIER: The calorifier failed to work properly.. " ], "url": [ "http://www.hotwatercylinders.nz/blog/what-are-calorifiers/", "http://thegreenbook.com/what-are-calorifiers.htm", "https://au.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080111031510AAZ94qO", "http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/calorifier", "http://www.rinnaiuk.com/hotechnology/technology/calorifiers/", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/calorifier", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calorifier", "http://thesciencedictionary.org/calorifier/" ] }

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[ "Hydrolyses" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Amylase is present in the saliva of humans and some other mammals, where it begins the chemical process of digestion. Foods that contain large amounts of starch but little sugar, such as rice and potatoes, may acquire a slightly sweet taste as they are chewed because amylase degrades some of their starch into sugar. As diastase, amylase was the first enzyme to be discovered and isolated (by Anselme Payen in 1833). Specific amylase proteins are designated by different Greek letters. All amylases are glycoside hydrolases and act on α-1,4- glycosidic bonds.", "Also, What compounds is hydrolyzed a amylase and lipase. Also, what type of bond is hydrolyzed by: a. alpha (I don't know how to make the symbol on the computer) amylase b. lipase Thanks! Follow.", "Making the world better, one answer at a time. Alpha bonds are hydrolised by alpha amylase. The alpha amylase is the sole form of amylase found in all mammals. The two main types of chemical bonds are the ionic bond and the covalent bond. Each is discussed here on WikiAnswers, and you'll find links below to the related question … s.", "Hannah RoyQian HeYanina GuevaraJon Stroman Amylase Amylase is a digestive enzyme that aids in the breakdown of carbohydrates by breaking the bonds between sugar molecules in polysaccharides through a hydrolysis reaction. ", "Alpha amylase is an enzyme that breaks down long chain carbohydrates in the starch chain during digestion. Technically speaking, it hydrolyses alpha-bonds of large alpha-linke … d polysaccharides like starch and glycogen, producing glucose and maltose. The two main types of chemical bonds are the ionic bond and the covalent bond. Each is discussed here on WikiAnswers, and you'll find links below to the related question … s.", "An amylase (/ˈaemɨleɪs/) ˈæmɨleɪs is an enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of starch into. Sugars amylase is present in the saliva of humans and some other, mammals where it begins the chemical process of. digestion As diastase, amylase was the first enzyme to be discovered and isolated (by Anselme Payen in 1833). Specific amylase proteins are designated by different Greek letters. All amylases are glycoside hydrolases and act on α-1,4- glycosidic bonds.", "amylase has enzymes, but enzymes are not an organic compound. The four types of organic compounds would be lipids, nucleic acids carbohydrates and protein. Your body makes enz … ymes and amylase, and anything your body make is a protein. Therefore your answer is a protein. The two main types of chemical bonds are the ionic bond and the covalent bond. Each is discussed here on WikiAnswers, and you'll find links below to the related question … s.", "INTRODUCTION. Saliva contains an enzyme, called an amylase, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of the -1,4- α. glycosidic linkages in amylose (a linear form of starch), amylopectin (a branched form of starch). and glycogen. This enzyme plays an important role in the digestion of these carbohydrates. ", "Types [edit]. Usually hydrolysis is a chemical process in which a molecule of water is added to a substance. Sometimes this addition causes both substance and water molecule to split into two parts. In such reactions, one fragment of the target molecule (or parent molecule) gains a hydrogen ion. When a carbohydrate is broken into its component sugar molecules by hydrolysis (e.g. sucrose being broken down into glucose and fructose), this is termed saccharification. Generally, hydrolysis or saccharification is a step in the degradation of" ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amylase", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080802073018AASt4TE", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_type_of_compound_and_bond_is_hydrolized_by_the_alpha_amylase", "http://dpuadweb.depauw.edu/scrary_web/Course_Material/Chem_240/Worksheets/enzyme%20sheets%20fall11/Amylase.pdf", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_type_of_compound_and_bond_is_hydrolized_by_the_alpha_amylase", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amylase", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_type_of_compound_and_bond_is_hydrolized_by_the_alpha_amylase", "http://chemistry.ewu.edu/jcorkill/chem163/CHEM16311/Exp5_SalivaryAmylase.pdf", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrolysis" ] }

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[ "Yes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "For the symptomatic relief in anxiety disorders, the typical adult dose is 2 mg to 10 mg two to four times daily. The instructions for taking diazepam as an adjunctive treatment for muscle spasm are 2 mg to 10 mg three to four times daily. Valium belongs to a class of drugs called benzodiazepines, which work by increasing the effects of GABA, a neurotransmitter that moderates the activity of nerve signals in the brain. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved diazepam in 1963 under the brand name Valium for the Roche drug company.", "The recommended dose for treating anxiety is diazepam 2 mg to 10 mg two to four times daily, depending on the severity of your symptoms. Muscle Spasms. The standard recommended dose of diazepam for treating muscle spasms is 2 mg to 10 mg three or four times daily. Seizures. The recommended amount for controlling seizures is diazepam 2 mg to 10 mg two to four times daily. Diazepam (Valium ®) is a medication often prescribed to treat alcohol withdrawal, seizures, muscle spasms, and anxiety. It comes in several different forms, including tablets, liquid, and injections. The tablet form comes in the following strengths: 1 Diazepam 2 mg tablets. 2 Diazepam 5 mg tablets. 3 Diazepam 10 mg tablets.", "Your doctor will work out the amount of diazepam (the dose) that is right for your child. The dose will be shown on the medicine label. It may take a while to find the right dose that relaxes the muscles but without making your child floppy. You and your doctor will work out the right dose together. Your child should start to feel less muscle pain about 15 minutes after taking a dose of diazepam. The muscles will start to relax when your child has been taking diazepam regularly for a few days. 1 If your child is sick less than 30 minutes after taking a dose of diazepam, give them the same dose again.", "1 A typical adult dose of Valium to treat muscle spasms may range from 2 to 10 mg three to four times a day. 2 A typical adult dose of Valium to treat seizures may range from 2 to 10 mg two to four times a day. Valium belongs to a class of drugs called benzodiazepines, which work by increasing the effects of GABA, a neurotransmitter that moderates the activity of nerve signals in the brain. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved diazepam in 1963 under the brand name Valium for the Roche drug company.", "Diazepam for muscle spasm. This leaflet is about the use of diazepam for painful muscle spasm and stiffness. This may be due to cerebral palsy or other conditions. Your child should start to feel less muscle pain about 15 minutes after taking a dose of diazepam. The muscles will start to relax when your child has been taking diazepam regularly for a few days. 1 If your child is sick less than 30 minutes after taking a dose of diazepam, give them the same dose again.", "1 A typical adult dose of Valium to treat alcohol withdrawal may be 10 mg three to four times a day for 24 hours followed by 5 mg taken three to four times a day as needed. 2 A typical adult dose of Valium to treat muscle spasms may range from 2 to 10 mg three to four times a day. Valium belongs to a class of drugs called benzodiazepines, which work by increasing the effects of GABA, a neurotransmitter that moderates the activity of nerve signals in the brain. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved diazepam in 1963 under the brand name Valium for the Roche drug company.", "The recommended diazepam dose for anxiety treatment is diazepam 2 mg to 10 mg two to four times daily, depending on the severity of your symptoms. Diazepam Dosing for Muscle Spasms. The recommended dose of diazepam for treating muscle spasms is diazepam 2 mg to 10 mg three or four times daily. Diazepam Dosing for Seizures. The recommended diazepam dose for controlling seizures is diazepam 2 mg to 10 mg two to four times daily. Diazepam is intended to be used along with other seizure medications. ", "Depending upon severity of symptoms—2 mg to 10 mg, 2 to 4 times daily. Symptomatic Relief in Acute Alcohol Withdrawal. 10 mg, 3 or 4 times during the first 24 hours, reducing to 5 mg, 3 or 4 times daily as needed. Adjunctively for Relief of Skeletal Muscle Spasm. INDICATIONS. Valium is indicated for the management of anxiety disorders or for the short-term relief of the symptoms of anxiety. Anxiety or tension associated with the stress of everyday life usually does not require treatment with an anxiolytic.", "Diazepam is the generic name for Valium, a prescription drug doctors prescribe to treat symptoms of anxiety disorders. Anxiety disorders include generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) , panic disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) . Valium belongs to a class of drugs called benzodiazepines, which work by increasing the effects of GABA, a neurotransmitter that moderates the activity of nerve signals in the brain. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved diazepam in 1963 under the brand name Valium for the Roche drug company." ], "url": [ "http://www.everydayhealth.com/drugs/diazepam", "http://epilepsy.emedtv.com/diazepam/diazepam-5-mg-tablets.html", "http://www.medicinesforchildren.org.uk/diazepam-muscle-spasm-0", "http://www.everydayhealth.com/drugs/diazepam", "http://www.medicinesforchildren.org.uk/diazepam-muscle-spasm-0", "http://www.everydayhealth.com/drugs/diazepam", "http://epilepsy.emedtv.com/diazepam/diazepam-dosing.html", "http://www.rxlist.com/valium-drug/indications-dosage.htm", "http://www.everydayhealth.com/drugs/diazepam" ] }

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[ "The posterior compartment of the leg is one of the fascial compartments of the leg and is divided further into deep and superficial compartments." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The superficial muscles form the characteristic ‘calf’ shape of the posterior leg. They all insert into the calcaneus of the foot (the heel bone), via the calcaneal tendon. The calcaneal reflex tests spinal roots S1-S2. Fig 1.1 – Muscles in the deep layer of the posterior leg. The popliteus is located superiorly in the leg. It lies behind the knee joint, forming the base of the popliteal fossa. There is a bursa (fluid filled sac) that lies between the popliteal tendon and the posterior surface of the knee joint.", "1 In the lower part of the leg, the muscle belly combines with the soleus to from the calcaneal tendon, with inserts onto the calcaneus (the heel bone). 2 Actions: It plantarflexes at the ankle joint, and because it crosses the knee, it is a flexor there. 3 Innervation: Tibial nerve. Fig 1.1 – Muscles in the deep layer of the posterior leg. The popliteus is located superiorly in the leg. It lies behind the knee joint, forming the base of the popliteal fossa. There is a bursa (fluid filled sac) that lies between the popliteal tendon and the posterior surface of the knee joint.", "The posterior compartment of the leg is one of the fascial compartments of the leg and is divided further into deep and superficial compartments. ", "There are four muscles in the deep compartment of the posterior leg. One muscle, the popliteus, acts only on the knee joint. The remaining three muscles (tibialis posterior, flexor hallucis longus and flexor digitorum longus) act on the ankle and foot. Fig 1.1 – Muscles in the deep layer of the posterior leg. The popliteus is located superiorly in the leg. It lies behind the knee joint, forming the base of the popliteal fossa. There is a bursa (fluid filled sac) that lies between the popliteal tendon and the posterior surface of the knee joint.", "Now, let's focus on the deep group of the muscles in the posterior compartment of the leg. The picture below shows the muscle tibialis posterior. It plantar-flexes and inverts the foot. The picture below shows the muscles popliteus and the flexor hallucis longus. The picture below shows the muscle gastrocnemius. It is the most superficial of the muscles in the posterior compartment of the leg. It is responsible to flex the knee. The picture below shows the muscle soleus.", "Now, before I go into details on each single muscle of the posterior leg, I want to divide them into groups, into layers, better said. Now, there is one superficial layer which consists of two main muscles: the triceps surae and the plantaris muscle. Now, if we’re looking at the different functions of the flexor hallucis longus, like all deep posterior muscles, it is… of the leg, it is involved in plantar flexion of the upper ankle joint and also supination or inversion of the lower ankle joint, seen here indicated by this arrow as well.", "Anatomy. The posterior tibial tendon is one of the most important tendons of the leg. A tendon attaches muscles to bones, and the posterior tibial tendon attaches the calf muscle to the bones on the inside of the foot. The main function of the tendon is to hold up the arch and support the foot when walking. The posterior tibial tendon attaches the calf muscle to the bones on the inside of the foot.", "Let's focus on the superficial group of the muscles in the posterior compartment of the leg first. The picture below shows the muscle gastrocnemius. It is the most superficial of the muscles in the posterior compartment of the leg. It is responsible to flex the knee. The picture below shows the muscle soleus. This muscle lies under the gastrocnemius. The picture below shows the muscle plantaris. It flexes the knee" ], "url": [ "http://teachmeanatomy.info/lower-limb/muscles/leg/posterior-compartment/", "http://teachmeanatomy.info/lower-limb/muscles/leg/posterior-compartment/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posterior_compartment_of_leg", "http://teachmeanatomy.info/lower-limb/muscles/leg/posterior-compartment/", "http://mda05wt.webnode.com/posterior-leg/", "https://www.kenhub.com/en/videos/posterior-leg-muscles", "http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00166", "http://mda05wt.webnode.com/posterior-leg/" ] }

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[ "14 - 16 weeks of age" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Refer to these quick lists for the timing in your state for puppy rabies vaccinations. Answer: These twelve states have three-month laws/regulations: Alabama, Arizona, Connecticut, Idaho, Indiana, Louisiana, Mississippi, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Mexico, Oregon, Pennsylvania. Another 13 states refer to the Rabies Compendium: Alaska, Colorado, Georgia, Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska, New Jersey, North Dakota, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Washington State, Wyoming.", "Dogs that have never been vaccinated against rabies must receive their first vaccination at least 30 days prior to arrival. Puppies must not be vaccinated against rabies before 3 months of age, so the youngest that a puppy can be imported into the United States is 4 months of age. These requirements apply to all dogs including service animals. If your dog is imported from a rabies-free country, CDC does not require rabies vaccination. Puppies can be vaccinated as early as 3 months of age and must be vaccinated at least 30 days before arrival in the United States. Therefore, dogs must be at least 4 months of age to be imported to the United States, unless they are being imported from a rabies-free country.", "12 weeks of age: Administer the third combination injection and possibly a lyme vaccine inoculation. Generally a lyme vaccine is repeated two weeks later, then once a year. 16 weeks of age: Adminster the last combination vaccine. 12 to 16 weeks of age: Adminster rabies vaccine. The timing of this vaccine may depend on the laws in your area (since this can be a human disease, too). Confirm with your veterinarian and check your local and state laws", "1 Dogs must be at least 3 months of age to be vaccinated against rabies. 2 If it is the dog’s first rabies vaccine, the dog must continue to be confined until 30 days have passed since vaccination. 3 Older dogs with expired rabies vaccines can be released as soon as they receive a booster. Puppies can be vaccinated as early as 3 months of age and must be vaccinated at least 30 days before arrival in the United States. Therefore, dogs must be at least 4 months of age to be imported to the United States, unless they are being imported from a rabies-free country.", "Vaccine label states 12 weeks of age AND OLDER, so they do not require it at a minimum of 3 months, which means the Rabies Compendium does not either. http://merialusa.naccvp.com/index.php?m=product_view_basic&id=1111028 IMRAB 3 vaccine label indications recommended for the vaccination of healthy cats, dogs,... Contributing to the likelihood of failure to achieve a proper immune response to rabies vaccination at 3 months is that puppies are finishing up their initial vaccination series of distemper, hepatitis, parvovirus at 12 weeks (3 months) of age.", "These are usually given as a combination vaccine (gives protection against several different diseases) and your pup should have three sets of this combination vaccination, given at 3 week intervals. The Rabies shot is usually give at around 14 - 16 weeks of age. Puppies are extremely susceptible to many serious, contagious dog illnesses while unvaccinated. Several of these can kill a pup very quickly. It is also illegal to have a dog who isn't vaccinated against Rabies. ", "I asked Dr. Dodds to first explain what California Assembly Bill AB 272 is all about. She responded that the bill was proposed by public health officials in Los Angeles County to lower the rabies vaccine age requirement for puppies in the state of California from 16 weeks to 12 weeks. ", "Primary vaccination age* 3 months or older. Booster vaccination every 3 years. Route of administration intramuscularly or subcutaneously. * Primary vaccination may be administered at an earlier age (minimum in dogs and cats of 4 weeks of age), but then a repeat vaccination must be given at the age of 3 months. Can be used during pregnancy in dogs.", "Rabies Vaccinations for Puppies. Vaccinations for puppies are especially important as puppies are vulnerable to a much wider range of diseases than are adult dogs. Puppy vaccination regimens usually begin at between six and four weeks of age. The first vaccinations your puppy receives will be against distemper, parvovirus, and canine hepatitis. Your puppy should receive its first rabies vaccination between 16 and 26 weeks of age. While rabies is a very dangerous disease for both dogs and humans, your puppy is unlikely to catch it from another dog, due to the fact that rabies vaccinations are required by law. He is also unlikely to be exposed to wild animals carrying the disease during these first few months of his life." ], "url": [ "http://puppies.about.com/od/Puppy_Health/f/Rabies-Laws.htm", "http://www.cdc.gov/importation/laws-and-regulations/faq.html", "http://www.petmd.com/dog/puppycenter/health/evr_vaccines_and_your_puppy", "http://www.cdc.gov/importation/laws-and-regulations/faq.html", "http://www.rabieschallengefund.org/latest/california-ab-272", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080822072809AAIV0dO", "http://healthypets.mercola.com/sites/healthypets/archive/2013/04/29/early-rabies-vaccination.aspx#!", "http://www.msd-animal-health.co.uk/Products_Public/Nobivac_Rabies/090_Product_Datasheet.aspx", "http://www.vetinfo.com/rabies-shots.html" ] }

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[ "$10,000" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "That translates to about $34,800 for a four-kilowatt system, the average size of a residential installation. To see real average cost data for solar projects installed near you, visit the Find a Contractor page on California Solar Statistics. Depending on your pre-installation electricity usage, you can expect rates of return between 9% and 14% on your PV installation. Please see Calculators to estimate the full cost of your solar system.", "The exact cost of solar for your home will depend on the applicable California solar rebates and utility incentives available in your area and the type of solar system you chose. ", "You’d have to get a quote and check. ). As you can see in the infographic, according to this research, it cost about $10,000 on average for a homeowner to go solar in California in 2011, while at the same time it cost about $25,000 on average for a homeowner to go solar in Florida, the Sunshine State! ", "System Costs. As mentioned in the introduction, residential solar systems are typically sized from 3 to 8kW and end up costing somewhere between $15,000 and $40,000. In this section, we will look at the costs of the various components of a solar system (not installation or operational costs). Year-over-year, the national average PV installed system price declined by 9% to $2.73/watt in Q2 2014. The average price of a residential PV installation in Q2 2014 was $3.92/watt, 41% lower than 2010. Since the second quarter of 2010, the average price of a solar panel has declined by 64%.", "For example, using the Clean Power Estimator, a south-facing three-kilowatt system installed at a 30-degree angle on a single-family home with a utility bill of $180 per month in San Francisco would cost a customer an estimated $19,282 with a payback period of 12 years. Depending on your pre-installation electricity usage, you can expect rates of return between 9% and 14% on your PV installation. Please see Calculators to estimate the full cost of your solar system.", "For example, the total average cost of an installed residential PV system under the California Solar Initiative is $8.70 per Watt (including installation, as of January 2011). Depending on your pre-installation electricity usage, you can expect rates of return between 9% and 14% on your PV installation. Please see Calculators to estimate the full cost of your solar system.", "From the average cost per watt of a solar system, to the city with the most roof-top solar, to the total number of MW installed, the View Solar Statistics menu provides the most up-to-date information on the California Solar Initiative. NOTE: Above figures include non-CSI data. last updated: Sept. 23, 2015 data sources. California Solar Statistics (CSS) is the official public reporting site of the California Solar Initiative (CSI), presented jointly by the CSI Program Administrators and the California Public Utilities Commission.", "The cost of a PV system depends on the system size, equipment options (panels and inverters), permitting costs, and labor costs. Prices vary depending on other factors as well, such as whether your home is new, where the system is installed on your premise, the PV manufacturer, and other factors. Depending on your pre-installation electricity usage, you can expect rates of return between 9% and 14% on your PV installation. Please see Calculators to estimate the full cost of your solar system.", "The typical residential solar system will cost between $12,000-$20,000 once solar rebates and incentives are taken into account. However, this is a small price to pay given that you will probably spend over $72,000 on electricity over the life of your solar system. 1 Federal Tax Credit: The Investment Tax Credit (ITC) allows individuals to deduct 30% of the cost of a solar energy system from personal federal income taxes with no maximum limit. 2 This applies to both new and existing homes and only those systems that are placed in service by Dec. 31, 2016.", "The final costs of a solar system is highly dependent on where you live and what rebates, tax credits and grants you are eligible for. In some situations, total costs can be cut well above 50%, and homeowners are able to go solar for only few thousand dollars. Everyone receives at least a 30% federal tax credit. Year-over-year, the national average PV installed system price declined by 9% to $2.73/watt in Q2 2014. The average price of a residential PV installation in Q2 2014 was $3.92/watt, 41% lower than 2010. Since the second quarter of 2010, the average price of a solar panel has declined by 64%." ], "url": [ "http://www.gosolarcalifornia.ca.gov/solar_basics/pricing_financing.php", "http://www.solar-california.org/home-solar-power-facts/cost-of-solar-financing-lease-options/", "http://costofsolar.com/how-much-does-solar-power-cost-infographic/", "http://energyinformative.org/solar-panels-cost/", "http://www.gosolarcalifornia.ca.gov/solar_basics/pricing_financing.php", "http://www.gosolarcalifornia.ca.gov/solar_basics/pricing_financing.php", "https://www.californiasolarstatistics.ca.gov/", "http://www.gosolarcalifornia.ca.gov/solar_basics/pricing_financing.php", "http://www.solaramerica.org/solar-energy-facts/cost-of-solar-financing-incentives-rebates/", "http://energyinformative.org/solar-panels-cost/" ] }

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[ "The most basic function of the ear is hearing." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Not to be confused with the secondary tympanic membrane of the round window. In human anatomy, the eardrum, or tympanic membrane, is a thin, cone-shaped membrane that separates the external ear from the middle ear in humans and other tetrapods. Its function is to transmit sound from the air to the ossicles inside the middle ear, and then to the oval window in the fluid-filled cochlea. Hence, it ultimately converts and amplifies vibration in air to vibration in fluid. The malleus bone bridges the gap between the eardrum and the other ossicles.", "It is positioned between the ear canal and the middle ear. The middle ear is connected to the throat via the eustachian tube. Since air from the atmosphere flows in from your outer ear as well as your mouth, the air pressure on both sides of the eardrum remains equal. Once the sound waves travel into the ear canal, they vibrate the tympanic membrane, commonly called the eardrum. The eardrum is a thin, cone-shaped piece of skin, about 10 millimeters (0.4 inches) wide.", "The ear canal directs sounds from the external ear, which is designed to capture sounds, to the more sensitive eardrum and inner ear (which are somewhat better protected). Wa … x in the ear canal keeps dust and small animals away from the eardrum. The ear canal is the passage or channel connecting the outer ear to the eardrum. The ear canal directs sounds to the more sensitive eardrum and inner ear, which are better p … rotected within the skull. The interior is coated with a waxy substance called cerumen, which traps dust, small insects, and other contaminants", "The Middle Ear is the portion of the ear internal to the eardrum, and external to the oval window of the inner ear. Also mammalian middle ear contains three ossicles, which transfers the vibrations of the eardrum into waves in the fluid and membranes of the inner ear. ", "It travels through the outer ear canal, vibrates the ear drum in the outer ear. Then, in the middle ear it transfers the sound waves through the auditory ossicles. They transm … it the sound vibrations to the oval window which then transmits the sound waves to the endolymph fluid inside the cochlea. The cochlea is directly responsible for hearing and contains nerves responsible for converting energy vibrations within the inner ear fluid into nerve impulses which can be transmitted to the brain. While the vestibule (labyrinth) and semicircular canals function to maintain balance or equilibrium.", "Home. The Ear. The Outer or External Ear The external ear consist of two portions, the first being the pinna, the skin covered flabby cartilage of the ear visible on both sides of the head. The basic function of the outer ear or pinna is to protect the eardrum (tympanic membrane). Hearing The most basic function of the ear is hearing. The following is the short description of the hearing process: The first step is when the pinna collects external sounds that enter through the meatus or ear canal as sound waves. The ear drum begins to vibrate as these sound waves strikes.", "The ear has three main parts: the outer ear (including the external auditory canal), middle ear, and inner ear. The outer ear (the part you can see) opens into the ear canal. The eardrum (tympanic membrane) separates the ear canal from the middle ear. The middle ear contains three small bones which help amplify and transfer sound to the inner ear. The inner ear contains the cochlea which changes sound into neurological signals and the auditory (hearing) nerve, which takes sound to the brain. Any source of sound sends vibrations or sound waves into the air.", "The ear is divided into three components, the outer ear (pinna), the middle ear, and the inner ear. Each component of the ear has its unique functions. The external ear consist of two portions, the first being the pinna, the skin covered flabby cartilage of the ear visible on both sides of the head. The basic function of the outer ear or pinna is to protect the eardrum (tympanic membrane). Hearing The most basic function of the ear is hearing. The following is the short description of the hearing process: The first step is when the pinna collects external sounds that enter through the meatus or ear canal as sound waves. The ear drum begins to vibrate as these sound waves strikes." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eardrum", "http://health.howstuffworks.com/mental-health/human-nature/perception/hearing2.htm", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_does_a_ear_canal_do", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_ear", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_does_the_inner_ear_do", "http://entmags.org/ears.asp", "http://www.entnet.org/content/how-ear-works", "http://entmags.org/ears.asp" ] }

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[ "1 hour per pound of meat" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1 As a general rule, when pork shoulder is done, the skin should be crispy, the meat should reach an internal temperature of 160-185 degrees (70-85 degrees Celsius), and any bone in the meat should wiggle easily when grabbed and shaken.", "Place the pork in a slow cooker and top with the onion, garlic, and jalapeno. Squeeze over the juice of the orange and add the two halves. Cover and cook on low for 8 to 10 hours or on high 4 hours. Once the meat is tender, remove from slow cooker and let cool slightly before pulling apart with a fork. In a large saute pan, heat the vegetable oil over high heat. Press the carnitas into the oil and fry until crusty on one side. Serve.", "1 In a large pot (I used my dutch oven), heat the oil over medium-high heat. 2 Once hot, sear pork shoulder on all sides until deep golden brown, approximately 3-4 minutes per side. 3 If your pot is to small to cook all the pork at one time in a single layer, sear in two batches.", "1 Turn the heat up to medium high, and continue to cook the pork for 45 minutes, uncovered, stirring every once in a while, until all the liquid has evaporated and the pork fat as been rendered. 2 Parts of the pork should be caramelized and golden brown. 3 Remove the dutch oven from the stove and adjust seasoning as needed.", "1 If you'd prefer to cook the carnitas in a slow cooker, transfer the meat and vegetables to a slow cooker and cook on high for 4 hours, or on low for 8 hours. 2 If the carnitas look like they could use some moisture during the course of cooking, add 1/2 cup of water.", "1 In a large, heavy saucepan over medium-high heat, combine pork, broth, and salsa. Add enough water to completely cover the meat. Cover and bring to a boil. Reduce heat to low and simmer, covered for 3 to 4 hours (or longer) until meat pulls apart easily.", "Pork shoulder is best when it's cooked long and slow. Roast uncovered in the oven for about 1 hour per pound of meat. You may reduce the heat as needed if the pork appears to be cooking too quickly-many recipes call for 325 degrees Fahrenheit (163 degrees Celsius) rather than 350 (177 C).", "Cook at a low heat for 8 to 10 hours. Place the cover on the crock pot and begin the lengthy slow cooking process. Slow cooking allows plenty of leeway in terms of cooking time, but, generally, you'll want to cook for roughly 2 hours per pound of meat." ], "url": [ "http://www.wikihow.com/Cook-Pork-Shoulder", "http://www.foodnetwork.com/recipes/melissa-darabian/pork-carnitas-recipe.html", "http://sharedappetite.com/recipes/how-to-make-perfect-carnitas/", "http://whatsgabycooking.com/carnitas/", "http://www.wikihow.com/Prepare-Mexican-Carnitas", "http://www.simplyrecipes.com/recipes/carnitas/", "http://www.wikihow.com/Cook-Pork-Shoulder", "http://www.wikihow.com/Cook-Pork-Shoulder" ] }

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[ "Gene", "The segment of dna that controls production of a protein is gene." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The blocking of RNA polymerase consequently stops the transcription of the genes in the operon. The process by which a repressor inhibits transcription is called repression. Transcription of the structural genes is ultimately controlled by a regulator gene, which codes for the production of the repressor protein. The blockage of transcription by the action of a repressor protein is called repression. A regulator gene controls the expression of a particular gene by coding for a repressor protein. An inducer is a molecule that initiates gene expression.", "A segment of DNA that codes for a protein is called a gene, or an exon. 1 A Brief Look at the Role Production Control Plays in a Business In the days where most manufactured products were made by hand, the workers involved in the manufacturing process often shared production control responsibilities.", "Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in a living cell contains the master blueprint for the production of proteins and for the replication of itself. It is the repository for the hereditary information. DNA accomplishes protein production by first providing a pattern for the production of mRNA, a process called transcription. Each protein, including enzymes, is made according to a pattern of nucleotides along a segment of the DNA called a gene . A single living cell contains thousands of enzymes.", "DNA, Genes, and Chromosome Quiz A. Match the following definitions to the correct vocabulary term. ____ 1.) DNA A.) Condensed or compact “rod” of DNA that. carries genetic information. ____ 2.) Gene B.) A segment of DNA that controls protein production. ____ 3.) Chromosome C.) Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid; helical molecule that carries the genetic information of an organism and is passed from parent to offspring. Write the letter on the line of the choice that best answers each question", "A segment of DNA on a chromosome that controls the production of a protein is called a gene. Chromosome a cellular structure that contains DNA. Edit. Share to: Answered. In Genetics. 1 A Brief Look at the Role Production Control Plays in a Business In the days where most manufactured products were made by hand, the workers involved in the manufacturing process often shared production control responsibilities.", "Most genes contain the information needed to make functional molecules called proteins. (A few genes produce other molecules that help the cell assemble proteins.) The journey from gene to protein is complex and tightly controlled within each cell. It consists of two major steps: transcription and translation. Together, transcription and translation are known as gene expression. During the process of transcription, the information stored in a gene’s DNA is transferred to a similar molecule called RNA (ribonucleic acid) in the cell nucleus.", "A segment of DNA on a chromosome that controls the production of a protein is called a gene. Chromosome a cellular structure that contains DNA. ", "Transcription is the first step of gene expression, in which a particular segment of DNA is copied into RNA (mRNA) by the enzyme RNA polymerase. During transcription, a DNA sequence is read by an RNA polymerase, which produces a complementary, antiparallel RNA strand called a primary transcript. Transcription proceeds in the following general steps: 1 One or more sigma factor protein binds to the RNA polymerase holoenzyme, allowing it to bind to promoter DNA.", "The RNA then contains the information from the DNA to manufacture a protein, a process called translation. Some proteins are structural, but some are control proteins called enzymes. These enzymes are employed in the production of proteins, even copies of themselves, so enzymes are used to make other enzymes. Each protein, including enzymes, is made according to a pattern of nucleotides along a segment of the DNA called a gene . A single living cell contains thousands of enzymes.", "A segment of DNA that contains the recipe for building one protein is called a gene. Genes occur on chromosomes. Mutations in genes can cause metabolic errors and genetic diseases. Without an understanding of DNA structure, it was unclear to scientists how DNA was used by cells. From DNA to RNA to Protein. In order to synthesize a protein, the genetic information in the DNA must be converted to an amino acid sequence. Its similar to the way that someone needs to read a recipe and mix the correct ingredients together. Step 1- Transcription involves the synthesis of mRNA from template DNA." ], "url": [ "http://www.jkaser.com/resources/Biology/Notes/Notes%20Chapter%2011%20Gene%20Expression.doc", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_the_segment_of_a_DNA_that_controls_the_production_of_protein", "http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/Organic/dna.html", "http://www.scasd.org/cms/lib5/PA01000006/Centricity/Domain/778/DNA%20Genes%20and%20Chromosome%20Quiz.doc", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_the_segment_of_a_DNA_that_controls_the_production_of_protein", "http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/handbook/howgeneswork/makingprotein", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_segments_of_DNA_that_control_the_production_of_Proteins", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcription_(genetics)", "http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/Organic/dna.html", "http://legacy.hopkinsville.kctcs.edu/instructors/Jason-Arnold/VLI/m1DNAfunction/m1DNAfunction_print.html" ] }

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[ "195 to 205°F", "Between 195 and 205°F." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The ideal temperature for brewing coffee is 200 Degrees Fahrenheit. That said, don't get overly concerned about hitting the exact right temperature. Drip brewers have their own thermostats, and some even offer you a choice of more than one brewing temperature. Almost all coffee is brewed with the water tmperature way too hot-at the 200 degree myth! This brings out way too much bitterness and destroys the taste of most coffee. For pour over the perfect temperature is between 170-180 (max!).", "Brewing Time. The amount of time that the water is in contact with the coffee grounds is another important flavor factor. In a drip system, the contact time should be approximately 5 minutes. If you are making your coffee using a plunger pot, the contact time should be 2-4 minutes. Espresso has an especially brief brew time — the coffee is in contact with the water for only 20-30 seconds. Prepared coffee begins to lose its optimal taste moments after brewing, so only make as much coffee as you’ll drink. Should you need to wait a few minutes before serving, the temperature should be maintained at 180 to 185 degrees Fahrenheit.", "Hot beverages such as tea, hot chocolate, and coffee are frequently served at temperatures between 160 degrees F (71.1 degrees C) and 185 degrees F (85 degrees C). Brief exposures to liquids in this temperature range can cause significant scald burns. ", "One approach to the serving temperature of coffee could go like this: For your regular cup of coffee, go for 175ºF, but if you buy some really good coffee beans and want to really taste the coffee and discover all of its flavor notes and qualities, serve it at 150ºF or lower. George Howell of George Howell Coffee, who has been sourcing and tasting specialty coffee since the 1970s, likes to drink his coffee at a temperature closer to 130ºF. To you and me that would feel like tepid coffee.", "The coffee in a Bunn is brewed at a slightly hotter temperature than that which is in the pot. The thermostat is on the water tank and the water cools to the desired drinking temperature during the brewing process. These machines do not have a vacation setting, and are designed for daily use. Almost all coffee is brewed with the water tmperature way too hot-at the 200 degree myth! This brings out way too much bitterness and destroys the taste of most coffee. For pour over the perfect temperature is between 170-180 (max!).", "Before we get around to drinking coffee, however, we must first understand the proper temperature that coffee should be brewed at. Brew Coffee Between 195 and 205°F. While coffee may be consumed at a broad range of temperatures, the range for brewing it is relatively narrow. The coffee grounds should be at room temperature, and the water should be between 195 and 205°F. When the water is above 205°F, it can scald the grounds and create a burnt taste. When it’s below 195°F, the brewed coffee will be under-extracted. ", "Water Temperature. The brewing temperature of the water used is very important. It should be between 195 F (91 C) and 205 F (96 C). The closer to 205 F (96 C) the better. Boiling water (212 F - 100 C) should never be used, as it will burn the coffee. Water that is less than 195 F (91 C) will not extract properly", "Though coffee's best brewed at just under boiling temperatures, in about a temperature range from 195 to 205°F, drinking that hot it is another story completely. ", "If coffee is brewed for too long it will taste bitter. The best level of extraction of coffee is 20% of the solids in the grind. This is achieved by keeping the brew water temperature between 88°C and 93°C. If the temperature of the water is too low, underextraction will occur and the coffee will be too weak. Underextraction will cause the coffee to have a sour flavor, since the acids from the beans are the first substances to dissolve. If the brew water temperature is too high then over extraction will occur and the coffee will taste bitter. Increasing the amount of coffee used can decrease over extraction of coffee. The entire brewing process should about four to six minutes." ], "url": [ "http://www.coffeedetective.com/what-is-the-correct-water-temperature-for-brewing-coffee.html", "http://www.ncausa.org/About-Coffee/How-to-Brew-Coffee", "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18226454", "http://www.coffeedetective.com/what-is-the-correct-temperature-for-serving-coffee.html", "http://www.coffeedetective.com/what-is-the-correct-water-temperature-for-brewing-coffee.html", "https://driftaway.coffee/temperature/", "https://www.blackbearcoffee.com/resources/87", "http://drinks.seriouseats.com/2013/01/coffee-temperature-how-hot-should-coffee-be.html", "http://hypertextbook.com/facts/2003/DianaGendler.shtml" ] }

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[ "17 to as much as 545 USD." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "How much does a replacement Honda Civic shock absorber and strut assembly cost? Answer: The prices of replacement shock absorber and strut assemblies for Honda Civics vary depending on their type finish or color and design. For instance, based on design, twin-tube assemblies normally cost about 17 to as much as 545 USD, while monotubes cost around 24 to 110 USD. ", "Labor-Replace The Honda Civic Struts. Elevate and secure the vehicle. Remove wheel. Remove strut assembly. Install new strut and bearing in strut assembly. Install strut assembly in steering knuckle and strut tower with new bolts, washer(s), and grommet(s). Replace wheel and verify proper operation with road test. 2.3 hours.", "Parts: $155 - $304. The average cost for a strut/shock absorber replacement-front is between $315 to $507. Labor costs are estimated between $160 to $203 while parts are priced between $155 to $304. Get a personalized estimate based on your location and specific car", "Published on Sep 6, 2012. How to install Front Struts on a 2003-2005 Honda Civic. Use the promo code civicvideo at APXautoparts.com for a discount on your order of SENSEN Shocks and Struts. Link to Rear installation video: http://youtu.be/MvBCdjztLjA. http://apxautoparts.com/shocks-struts... http://apxautoparts.com/shocks-struts... 1 Autos & Vehicles. Published on Sep 6, 2012. How to install Front Struts on a 2003-2005 Honda Civic. Use the promo code civicvideo at APXautoparts.com for a discount on your order of SENSEN Shocks and Struts. Link to Rear installation video: http://youtu.be/MvBCdjztLjA. http://apxautoparts.com/shocks-struts... http://apxautoparts.com/shocks-struts... 1 Autos & ....", "Parts: $165 - $328. The average cost for a strut replacement-rear is between $341 to $551. Labor costs are estimated between $176 to $223 while parts are priced between $165 to $328. Get a personalized estimate based on your location and specific car. Estimate does not include taxes and fees", "Answers. Best Answer: 65k is very premature for a strut on a honda. As a rule, the front strut replacement with a four wheel alignment will run about $300 using non-Honda parts or about $400-$450 for the OEM replacement. The front struts should last to at least 100k-125k, so the question is why you're replacing them" ], "url": [ "http://www.autopartswarehouse.com/shop_parts/shock_absorber_and_strut_assembly/honda/civic.html", "http://www.autowyse.com/honda_civic_service/cost_to_replace_civic_struts.html", "http://repairpal.com/estimator/front-strut-replacement-cost", "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LGY205DHUKo", "http://repairpal.com/estimator/rear-strut-replacement-cost", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20070325180927AAQ5Cz5" ] }

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[ "Krai or kray (Russian: край) was a type of an administrative division in the Russian Empire and the Russian SFSR, and is one of the types of the federal subjects of modern Russia." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Krai or kray (Russian: край) was a type of an administrative division in the Russian Empire and the Russian SFSR, and is one of the types of the federal subjects of modern Russia. Etymologically, the word is related to the verb кроить (kroit'), i.e., to cut. Historically, krais were vast territories located along the periphery of Russia, since the word krai also means border or edge, i.e., a place of the cut-off.", "Originally, a krai was a territory located on the borders of a state’s possessions; an outlying district. Later, the term referred to a region that covered a considerable area, either geographical (such as Meshchera Krai, Turukhan Krai, and Ussuri Krai) or historical (such as Zamoskovnyi Krai and Novorossiia Krai). The Oirot AO was part of the krai. It was subsequently divided into Eastern Siberia and Western Siberia krais. Stalingrad Krai, which existed from Jan. 10, 1934, to Dec. 5, 1936, was formed from part of Lower Volga Krai. The Kalmyk AO, which became an ASSR on Oct. 20, 1935,", "Find a practitioner Find a class. The Feldenkrais Method ® is a form of somatic education that uses gentle movement and directed attention to improve movement and enhance human functioning. ", "KRAIS Tube Expanders is a company with over 20 years of experience in delivering top quality tube expanders and wide range of other tube accessories. We constantly learn new ways to deliver the best designed and manufactured tools to our clients all over the word. We always look for opportunity to make our products better and better, so we are constantly searching a new ways to improve and develop our products. KRAIS Tube Expanders company still grows. We always look for a new opportunity to develop. Our machinery and production line is one of the biggest and most modern in the region. We closely work with various courier services to be sure, that our clients get their tools on time", "The Russian Federation is divided into 85 subjects, of which nine are krais, or krays (edges or frontiers, sing. krai or kray). ", "(2) In Russia in the 18th to the early 20th century, krai was the name applied to the outlying territories of the empire, which consisted of several gubernii (provinces) or oblasts under common administration. The Oirot AO was part of the krai. It was subsequently divided into Eastern Siberia and Western Siberia krais. Stalingrad Krai, which existed from Jan. 10, 1934, to Dec. 5, 1936, was formed from part of Lower Volga Krai. The Kalmyk AO, which became an ASSR on Oct. 20, 1935,", "The krai was subsequently divided into Altai Krai and Novosibirsk Oblast. Krais in the Kazakh SSR (1960–65). The krais in the Kazakh SSR between 1960 and 1965 are given below. Southern Kazakhstan Krai (Chimkent) existed from May 3, 1962, to Dec. 1, 1964, and consisted of Dzhambul, Kzyl-Orda, and Chimkent oblasts. The Oirot AO was part of the krai. It was subsequently divided into Eastern Siberia and Western Siberia krais. Stalingrad Krai, which existed from Jan. 10, 1934, to Dec. 5, 1936, was formed from part of Lower Volga Krai. The Kalmyk AO, which became an ASSR on Oct. 20, 1935,", "About us. KRAIS Tube Expanders is a company with over 20 years of experience in designing, manufacturing and delivering top quality tube tools. Learn more about us! We offer a precisely engineered range of tube removal tools. They have been designed for cutting and removing full range of tubes that are commonly found in heat exchangers, boilers and condensers." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krai", "http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Krais", "http://www.feldenkrais.com/whatis", "https://krais.com/about/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krais_of_Russia", "http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Krais", "http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Krais", "http://krais.com/" ] }

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[ "1 Frequent urination. 2 Excessive thirst. 3 Increased hunger. 4 Weight loss. 5 Tiredness. 6 Lack of interest and concentration. 7 A tingling sensation or numbness in the hands or feet." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "5. The most common symptoms are related to hyperglycemia (high blood sugar levels), especially the classic symptoms of diabetes: frequent urination and thirst. Fatigue related to dehydration and eating problems can also be related to high blood sugars. 5,6. It is possible to have diabetes with only very mild symptoms or without developing any symptoms at all. Such cases can leave some people with diabetes unaware of the condition and undiagnosed. This happens in around half of people with type 2 diabetes.1,2.", "Diabetes mellitus (DM), commonly referred to as diabetes, is a group of metabolic diseases in which there are high blood sugar levels over a prolonged period. Symptoms of high blood sugar include frequent urination, increased thirst, and increased hunger. If left untreated, diabetes can cause many complications. ", "Not every case of type 2 diabetes presents with the obvious symptoms—unquenchable thirst, nonstop bathroom trips, and numbness in your hands or feet. Look out for these other subtle signs that something may be amiss with your blood sugar: 1. You've noticed unpleasant skin changes. ", "Knowing the symptoms of diabetes, including the very first signs are critical to catching the disease early. With almost 19 million people currently diagnosed with diabetes, you would think this is a fairly straight forward issue. ", "Individuals can experience different signs and symptoms of diabetes, and sometimes there may be no signs. Some of the signs commonly experienced include: 1 Frequent urination. 2 Excessive thirst. 3 Increased hunger. 4 Weight loss. 5 Tiredness. 6 Lack of interest and concentration. 7 A tingling sensation or numbness in the hands or feet. ", "When type 2 diabetes does cause symptoms these can include: 1 Excessive thirst. 2 Increased urination (sometimes as often as every hour), especially at night. 3 Unexpected weight loss or gain. 4 Fatigue or extreme tiredness. 5 Blurred vision. 6 In women, frequent vaginal infections. 7 In men and women, yeast infections (thrush). 8 Dry mouth. Common symptoms of type 1 diabetes include: 1 Excessive thirst. 2 Increased urination (sometimes as often as every hour). 3 Unexpected weight loss. 4 Fatigue or tiredness. 5 Nausea, perhaps vomiting. 6 Blurred vision. 7 In women, frequent vaginal infections. 8 In men and women, yeast infections (thrush). 9", "The following symptoms of diabetes are typical. However, some people with type 2 diabetes have symptoms so mild that they go unnoticed. Common symptoms of diabetes: 1 Urinating often. 2 Feeling very thirsty. 3 Feeling very hungry-even though you are eating. 4 Extreme fatigue. 5 Blurry vision. 6 Cuts/bruises that are slow to heal. 7 Weight loss-even though you are eating more (type 1). 8 Tingling, pain, or numbness in the hands/feet (type 2). ", "Common warnings signs of diabetes include: 1 Increased thirst. 2 Increased hunger (especially after eating). 3 Dry mouth. 4 Frequent urination or urine infections. 5 Unexplained weight loss (even though you are eating and feel hungry). 6 Fatigue (weak, tired feeling). 7 Blurred vision. 8 Headaches. ", "Some people, especially those with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes, may not experience symptoms initially. In type 1 diabetes, symptoms tend to come on quickly and be more severe. Some of the signs and symptoms of type 1 and type 2 diabetes are: 1 Increased thirst. 2 Frequent urination. 3 Extreme hunger. 4 Unexplained weight loss. 5 Presence of ketones in the urine (ketones are a byproduct of the breakdown of muscle and fat that happens when there's not enough available insulin). 6 Fatigue. 7 Irritability. " ], "url": [ "http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/info/diabetes/diabetessymptoms.php", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus", "http://www.prevention.com/health/surprising-diabetes-symptoms", "http://www.diabeteswellbeing.com/symptoms-of-diabetes/", "http://www.idf.org/signs-and-symptoms-diabetes", "http://www.webmd.boots.com/diabetes/guide/diabetes-symptoms", "http://www.diabetes.org/diabetes-basics/symptoms/", "http://www.webmd.com/diabetes/diabetes-warning-signs", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/basics/symptoms/CON-20033091" ] }

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[ "Life could come from nonliving things" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Abiogenesis means ‘no biologic origin’, in simple parlance, life from non-life … and thus we’re back to spontaneous generation, but in new guise … given the right conditions and precursors, life will arise spontaneously. And this despite attempts by advocates to differentiate between the terms.", "Lucy is a fossil that Donald Johanson discovered in 1973. Its scientific name, Australopithecus afarensis, derives from the Afar region of Ethiopia, where it was discovered. For years, Lucy was portrayed as the missing link in the human evolution sequence.", "It was once believed that life could come from nonliving things, such as mice from corn, flies from bovine manure, maggots from rotting meat, and fish from the mud of previously dry lakes. Spontaneous generation is the incorrect hypothesis that nonliving things are capable of producing life.", "Early views on spontaneous generation. The first western thinker to suggest that life arose spontaneously was probably Anaximander, a Milesian philosopher (in what is now Turkey) who wrote in the 6th and 5th centuries before Christ (611-547 BCE).", "It was once believed that life could come from nonliving things, such as mice from corn, flies from bovine manure, maggots from rotting meat, and fish from the mud of previously dry lakes. Spontaneous generation is the incorrect hypothesis that nonliving things are capable of producing life.", "Louis Pasteur is one of the greatest names in the history of science and medicine, chiefly because of his establishment of the germ theory of disease and his conclusive demolition of the then-prevalent evolutionary concept of spontaneous generation.", "It was a popular belief that mice occur spontaneously from stored grain, or maggots spontaneously appear in meat. Related phrases: theory of spontaneous generation. Synonym: autogenesis, autogeny, abiogenesis. Compare: ", "The experimental study of the origin of life kick-started with Miller s prebiotic soup experiment (Miller 1953, Miller-Urey experiment) which produced amino acids, essential to life.", "Louis Pasteur & the Biogenesis Theory in Microbiology. written by: J.Sace•edited by: Leigh A. Zaykoski•updated: 2/22/2010. The theory of biogenesis states that living things can only arise from living things and cannot be spontaneously generated. Learn more about this popular microbiology theory to better understand what it means." ], "url": [ "http://creation.com/abiogenesis", "http://www.harunyahya.com/en/Evolution-Dictionary/16458/lucy-deceit-(australopithecus-afarensis)-the", "http://www.infoplease.com/cig/biology/spontaneous-generation.html", "http://www.talkorigins.org/faqs/abioprob/spontaneous-generation.html", "http://www.factmonster.com/cig/biology/spontaneous-generation.html", "http://www.talkorigins.org/faqs/abioprob/spontaneous-generation.html", "http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Spontaneous_generation", "http://www.talkorigins.org/faqs/abioprob/originoflife.html", "http://www.brighthub.com/science/genetics/articles/21169.aspx" ] }

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[ "JBoss Fuse is a an open source Enterprise Service Bus (ESB) with an elastic footprint." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Red Hat JBoss Fuse is a robust, flexible, and easy-to-use platform to integrate applications, data, services, and devices. The integration platform uses popular open source technologies to provide transformation, routing, and protocol-matching services. The information powering your business is spread across disparate applications and systems. You need an effective, cost-efficient way to integrate applications, data, and devices within your enterprise. Red Hat ® JBoss ® Fuse is a lightweight, flexible enterprise service bus (ESB) that enables rapid integration across the extended enterprise—on premise or in the cloud", "Most providers of message-oriented middleware have adopted the enterprise service bus concept as de facto standard for a service-oriented architecture. The implementations of ESB use event-driven and standards-based message-oriented middleware in combination with message queues as technology frameworks. However, some software manufacturers relabel their existing middleware and communication solutions as ESB without adopting the crucial aspect of a bus concept. The ESB is implemented in software that operates between the business applications, and enables communication among them. Ideally, the ESB should be able to replace all direct contact with the applications on the bus, so that all communication takes place via the ESB.", "JBoss Fuse is a an open source Enterprise Service Bus (ESB) with an elastic footprint As a fully featured Enterprise Service Bus (ESB) JBoss Fuse provides a platform that can be used to allow disparate enterprise components to work together. JBoss Fuse vs. Fuse Service Works These differences largely consist of the tools that provide the runtime container, clustering approaches and monitoring capabilities.", "Now, Red Hat has announced their plans for making that prediction a reality. Steve Craggs Analyst and founder, Lustratus Research. The first phase, which has already started, entails FuseSource enterprise products Fuse ESB Enterprise and Fuse MQ Enterprise joining the existing JBoss enterprise integration products. The second phase for Red Hat has two parts. The first is to rebrand the FuseSource enterprise offerings into the JBoss product portfolio. The second part is to bolster the existing flagship JBoss SOA Platform with new FuseSource products, technologies and tooling.", "Deploy multiple configurations. Red Hat JBoss Fuse is based on a lightweight container, Apache Karaf, that provides dynamic configuration and multiple deployment options. JBoss Fuse technologies are also supported on the fully certified Java™ EE platform, Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform. The information powering your business is spread across disparate applications and systems. You need an effective, cost-efficient way to integrate applications, data, and devices within your enterprise. Red Hat ® JBoss ® Fuse is a lightweight, flexible enterprise service bus (ESB) that enables rapid integration across the extended enterprise—on premise or in the cloud", "The key advantage of an ESB is that it allows different applications to communicate with each other by acting as a transit system for carrying data between applications within your enterprise or across the Internet. There are two editions of Mule ESB: Community and Enterprise. Mule ESB Enterprise is the enterprise-class version of Mule ESB, with additional features and capabilities that are ideal for production deployments of Mule that have requirements for performance, HA, resiliency, or technical support.", "Apache ServiceMix is an enterprise-class open-source distributed enterprise service bus (ESB) based on the service-oriented architecture (SOA) model. The software is distributed under the Apache License. The productized and supported release of ServiceMix 4 is from JBoss and called Fuse ESB. Fabric8 is a free Apache 2.0 Licensed upstream community for the JBoss Fuse product from Red Hat.", "Mule ESB is a lightweight Java-based enterprise service bus (ESB) and integration platform that allows developers to connect applications together quickly and easily, enabling them to exchange data. There are two editions of Mule ESB: Community and Enterprise. Mule ESB Enterprise is the enterprise-class version of Mule ESB, with additional features and capabilities that are ideal for production deployments of Mule that have requirements for performance, HA, resiliency, or technical support." ], "url": [ "http://www.redhat.com/en/technologies/jboss-middleware/fuse", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enterprise_service_bus", "http://blog.vizuri.com/jboss-fuse-vs.-fuse-service-works", "http://searchsoa.techtarget.com/news/2240165219/Red-Hat-brings-Fuse-ESB-and-enterprise-middleware-into-the-JBoss-fold", "http://www.redhat.com/en/technologies/jboss-middleware/fuse", "https://www.mulesoft.com/resources/esb/what-mule-esb", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_ServiceMix", "https://www.mulesoft.com/resources/esb/what-mule-esb" ] }

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[ "$11.75" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "How Much Does Brick Cost? The day you buy your brick home, the total cost should be in this range: 6 to 7% more than vinyl; 3 to 4% more than fiber cement; or 10 to 19% less than stone--for a home in the $250,000, 2,500 square foot range. The cost of the 4 -sides-brick home is approximately $4,000 more per side than the vinyl house and $2,900 more per side than the fiber cement house.", "Commercial masonry labor costs about $675 to $800 per thousand brick. The necessity for bond beams or steel reinforced areas may increase costs. Every proposal generated needs to be done from a set of plans. The brick itself usually runs around $400 - $600 per thousand. ", "Furthermore, their face dimensions make them cost-efficient. Compared with standard size brick, Acme King Size brick can lower total brick wall cost by 25% or more. King Size Brick are 9 5/8. L x 2 5/8 H x 2 3/4 thru the wall, for a nominal face dimenion of 10 x 3 with a standard 3/8 mortar joint. They conform to ASTM C652 and are made at most Acme Brick plants. Use of Acme King Size Brick results in lower labor cost, lower mortar cost, and faster construction time. ", "The Costs. 1 The average cost per square foot of thin brick pavers is about $11.75. 2 At most, homeowners should expect to pay around $14.65 per square foot of thin brick pavers. 3 The minimum cost for a square foot of brick pavers is about $9.10. 1 The average cost per square foot of thin brick pavers is about $11.75. 2 At most, homeowners should expect to pay around $14.65 per square foot of thin brick pavers.", "A cube of brick, which is approximately 500 bricks. Two cubes of brick make up a thousand, so $300/thousand brick means $150/cube. If you buy less than a cube, they hit you hard on the price, so round up and besides, running short a few brick sucks. Gotta add to this, even if it is specific to Georgia, as I think our costs are probably 90% of the national average, so add 10% and then adjust for your costs relative to the national average...or something like that :-). Bricks usually cost me $225 to $450 per thousand.", "Cost of Materials. The cost of adding a new wall to a home depends on the material used. Brick walls are often an affordable option, and a hollow brick wall costs around $25.40 per square foot. Hollow bricks feature a unique design with a durable shell and a hollow space in the center of each brick. Traditional brick walls cost around $14.10 per square foot. ", "Brick Veneer Cost Per Square Foot. A closure brick veneer (3 5/8″x3 5/8″x7 5/8″) as of 2009-10, costs around $15.18, at the most, with the lower end around $5. This is for a professional installation of the brick veneer. The lower end of the spectrum will be for the less durable and low quality brick veneer.", "The extra upfront cost for brick translates into only a small increase in your monthly mortgage payments, likely no more than $50 per month for a $250,000 house. 2. Every year, compare d to vinyl and fiber cement siding, you will save up to 5% on homeowners insurance. The cost of the 4 -sides-brick home is approximately $4,000 more per side than the vinyl house and $2,900 more per side than the fiber cement house.", "Pavers will come in at a similar cost to brick and natural flagstone will be more expensive. Low End-simple running bond pattern (approximately $12 per square foot). High End-intricate pattern requiring many cuts (approximately $22 per square foot). National Price Ranges for Brick. In the case of a brick patio the materials you will need include bricks, edging, gravel and sand (or concrete and mortar). Concerning labor, these costs can vary widely depending on the difficulty of the installation. When compared with other paving materials, brick is a mid-range option." ], "url": [ "http://www.insistonbrick.com/assets_html/learn-more/info/download_How-Much-Does-Brick-Cost.php", "http://www.capitalcladding.com/faqs.php", "http://www.brick.com/products/kingsize.htm", "http://www.improvenet.com/r/costs-and-prices/thin-brick-pavers", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_average_per_square_foot_cost_for_bricklaying", "http://www.homeadvisor.com/cost/walls-and-ceilings/install-a-brick-stone-or-block-wall/", "http://ambrico.com/8394/ambrico-ez-wall-news/brick-veneer-cost/", "http://www.insistonbrick.com/assets_html/learn-more/info/download_How-Much-Does-Brick-Cost.php", "http://www.landscapingnetwork.com/brick/cost.html" ] }

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[]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "OR Tambo International Airport Station is an elevated station with platforms situated on a viaduct. The Station concourse is directly linked to the departures level of the adjacent new central terminal building, one level below. 1 Security officers will be on guard and will maintain a visible presence at stations and inside trains. 2 Gautrain’s entire 80 kilometre rail network will be securely fenced with a 2,4 metre high security fence that will be regularly patrolled and maintained to prevent vandalism and unwanted entries.", "In June 2010, the R24bn Gautrain took to the rails for the first time, offering safe, reliable and comfortable public transport. This state-of-the-art rapid rail network comprises of two links, namely a link between Pretoria and Johannesburg and a link between OR Tambo International Airport and Sandton. Now you can hop on the Gautrain and arrive at your destination not only stress-free and stylish, but in record time too. A new dawn in public transport has begun and Gauteng now boasts the first rapid rail transport system in Africa: The Gautrain.", "Rhodesfield Station is situated east of Anson Street, south of Valencia Street, west of OR Tambo International Airport and immediately to the south of the Kempton Park CDB. From Marlboro Station, the Gautrain route heads north, running to the east of Buccleuch until it reaches Midrand Station. After Midrand Station, the route tracks the Old Pretoria-Johannesburg Road.", "1 The needs of airport passengers carrying luggage are accommodated in the station design features at OR Tambo and Sandton stations. 2 The layout of airport coaches is designed to consider passengers with luggage. 1 Security officers will be on guard and will maintain a visible presence at stations and inside trains. 2 Gautrain’s entire 80 kilometre rail network will be securely fenced with a 2,4 metre high security fence that will be regularly patrolled and maintained to prevent vandalism and unwanted entries.", "Website: http://www.gautrain.co.za. The Gautrain Hatfield Station is a terminal station where the North – South train service will commence and terminates. The station is located within the Hatfield Business Node east of the Pretoria CBD adjacent to the existing PRASA railway network north of the University of Pretoria. The North – South train service is servicing a total of 8 stations over a 62 km distance with the Hatfield and Park stations as terminal stations. The train service interfaces with PRASA rail services at the Hatfield, Pretoria and Park station", "HATFIELD STATION. The Gautrain Hatfield Station is a terminal station where the North-South train service will commence and terminates. The station is located within the Hatfield Business Node east of the Pretoria CBD adjacent to the existing PRASA railway network north of the University of Pretoria. Read more. From Marlboro Station, the Gautrain route heads north, running to the east of Buccleuch until it reaches Midrand Station. After Midrand Station, the route tracks the Old Pretoria-Johannesburg Road.", "*No Gautrain bus services on weekends or public holidays. Pretoria Stations The Pretoria Station is adjoined to the railway lines and platforms of the existing Pretoria Station, where transfer can take place between the Metro rail services and the Gautrain, as well as other public transport services. All Gautrain services are accessible through using a “smartcard” – the Gautrain Gold Card. Cash is not accepted. First time users can access the station parking facilities without a Gold Card, but one would need to purchase one at the station to pay for either the train or the bus services.", "The Gautrain system provides you with a safe, comfortable and reliable train service, a dedicated bus system, as well as drop-off and parking facilities at all stations (except at OR Tambo International Airport). Find your nearest Gautrain station and bus stops. View peak & off peak timetables to plan your day and calculate estimated trip-, parking- & bus fares.", "1 It will take only 15 minutes between OR Tambo International Airport Station and Sandton Station. 2 The needs of airport passengers carrying luggage are accommodated in the station design features at OR Tambo and Sandton stations. 3 The layout of airport coaches is designed to consider passengers with luggage. 1 Security officers will be on guard and will maintain a visible presence at stations and inside trains. 2 Gautrain’s entire 80 kilometre rail network will be securely fenced with a 2,4 metre high security fence that will be regularly patrolled and maintained to prevent vandalism and unwanted entries." ], "url": [ "http://www.gautrain.co.za/about/route/stations/or-tambo-international-airport-station/", "http://www.sandtoncity.com/libproperties/content/en/sandton-city/sandton-city-gautrain", "http://www.gautrain.co.za/about/route/stations/", "http://www.gautrain.co.za/about/route/stations/or-tambo-international-airport-station/", "http://www.vicinity.co.za/view/gautrain-hatfield-station", "http://www.gautrain.co.za/about/route/stations/", "http://showme.co.za/pretoria/tourism/a-guide-to-the-gautrain/", "http://www.microsoft.com/en-US/store/Apps/Gautrain/9NBLGGH08GBW", "http://www.gautrain.co.za/about/route/stations/or-tambo-international-airport-station/" ] }

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[ "It is a medical laboratory test that measures the amount of circulating iron that is bound to transferrin." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The serum iron test measures the amount of iron that is in transit in the body – the iron that is bound to transferrin. The amount of iron present in the blood will vary throughout the day and from day to day. Iron is an essential trace element and nutrient that is necessary to maintain life. The serum iron test measures the amount of iron in the liquid portion of blood. Iron is absorbed from food and transported throughout the body by transferrin, a protein produced by the liver.", "A ferritin blood test checks the amount of ferritin in the blood. Ferritin is a protein in the body that binds to iron; most of the iron stored in the body is bound to ferritin. Ferritin is found in the liver, spleen, skeletal muscles, and bone marrow. Only a small amount of ferritin is found in the blood. ", "Iron makes blood cells red. Iron is one of the most abundant metals on the planet and important for many physiological functions in your body. For example, iron is an essential part of hemoglobin -- the protein in blood that carries oxygen to all your cells. Too Much Iron. Too much iron in your bloodstream or other parts of your body can lead to toxicity and even death. An iron serum level of 170 micrograms per deciliter is the upper limit of normal for women, whereas just under 200 micrograms per deciliter is the healthy limit for most men.", "As its name suggests, a serum iron test measures how much iron is in your serum. Serum is the liquid that is left over from your blood plasma when the red blood cells and the clotting elements have been removed. This test can help your doctor figure out if there is a problem with your iron levels. Especially high or low iron levels can cause a variety of vague symptoms, such as fatigue, weakness, difficulty concentrating, and moodiness. The serum iron test can reveal both unusually low and abnormally high blood iron levels.", "A serum iron and other iron tests may be ordered when iron overload (hemochromatosis) is suspected. Symptoms of high iron levels will vary from person to person and tend to worsen over time. They are associated with iron accumulation and can be similar to those seen with other conditions. Symptoms may include: 1 Joint pain. Serum iron tests are typically ordered as follow-up tests when abnormal results are found on routine tests such as a CBC, with decreased hemoglobin and hematocrit levels. They may also be ordered when iron deficiency or iron overload", "Serum iron is a medical laboratory test that measures the amount of circulating iron that is bound to transferrin. Clinicians order this laboratory test when they are concerned about iron deficiency, which can cause anemia and other problems. None of this iron is directly accessible by testing the serum. However, some iron is circulating in the serum. Transferrin is a molecule produced by the liver that binds one or two iron(III) ions, i.e. ferric iron, Fe3+; transferrin is essential if stored iron is to be moved and used.", "Serum iron, total iron-binding capacity (TIBC) , and/or transferrin tests are usually ordered together and, subsequantly, the transferrin saturation can be determined and used to assess how much iron is being carried in the blood. A ferritin test may also be used to evaluate a person's current iron stores. Serum iron tests are typically ordered as follow-up tests when abnormal results are found on routine tests such as a CBC, with decreased hemoglobin and hematocrit levels. They may also be ordered when iron deficiency or iron overload is suspected.", "Healthy or normal serum iron values depend on your gender. Normal serum levels for men range from 76 to 198 micrograms of iron per deciliter. Normal levels for women are a little lower and range from 26 to 170 micrograms of iron per deciliter. Too Much Iron. Too much iron in your bloodstream or other parts of your body can lead to toxicity and even death. An iron serum level of 170 micrograms per deciliter is the upper limit of normal for women, whereas just under 200 micrograms per deciliter is the healthy limit for most men." ], "url": [ "https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/serum-iron/tab/sample", "http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/ferritin", "http://healthyeating.sfgate.com/healthy-serum-iron-level-8742.html", "http://www.healthline.com/health/serum-iron", "https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/serum-iron/tab/test", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serum_iron", "https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/serum-iron/tab/test", "http://healthyeating.sfgate.com/healthy-serum-iron-level-8742.html" ] }

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[ "One to two years" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Charging. You can maximize your cell phone's battery by limiting your number of charges. Charging a phone when it is at half power, as opposed to a phone with depleted power, trains a battery to hold only half of a charge. If possible, only charge the phone when its power has been completely depleted", "1 Every year, over 100 million cell phones are made obsolete. 2 The average life span of a cell phone is just 18 months. 3 The average American cell phone user owns three or more cellular phones. 4 Up to 75% of obsolete phones are stockpiled in drawers, including the battery and the charger [8]. 1 There are more than 4 billion mobile phone users worldwide [2]. 2 Around the world, mobile phone sales have increased from more than 100 million units per year in 1997 to an estimated 779 million units per year in 2005 [3]. 3 Less than 1 percent of the millions of cell phones retired and discarded annually are recycled [4].", "Confidence votes 261K. The lifespan of a cordless phone battery depends on the quality of your cordless phone. If properly charged and used with care, the average life span is 1-3 years. Share to: As of my experience and information from battery manufacturers the average life span of batteries is around 18 months or more if used properly.", "If your question is how long does the average user actually *hold on* to their cell phone, I'd guess 18 months. I don't see many people I know using any particular phone much more than 18 months. People don't perceive cell phones as an accessory they expect to keep for great lengths of time. If the scope of your question is how long *can and should* a cell phone last, the answer -- with proper care -- is probably somewhere between 3 and 10 years. A lot would depend on the manufacturer and the model of the phone and your luck in not dropping it on the floor or letting it fall into water", "1 The average life span of a cell phone is just 18 months. 2 The average American cell phone user owns three or more cellular phones. 3 Up to 75% of obsolete phones are stockpiled in drawers, including the battery and the charger [8]. 1 There are more than 4 billion mobile phone users worldwide [2]. 2 Around the world, mobile phone sales have increased from more than 100 million units per year in 1997 to an estimated 779 million units per year in 2005 [3]. 3 Less than 1 percent of the millions of cell phones retired and discarded annually are recycled [4].", "Average. The average life span of a cell phone battery is from 400 to 500 charge cycles. That means the average battery lasts from one to two years. A decrease in the duration of the battery's lifespan between charge cycles indicates that the battery should be replaced. Lithium ion batteries usually maintain their full capacity for most of their lifetimes, and then die suddenly. You can maximize your cell phone's battery by limiting your number of charges. Charging a phone when it is at half power, as opposed to a phone with depleted power, trains a battery to hold only half of a charge.", "Newer cell phone batteries have a longer life expectancy than older phones. You ask your cell phone company if they sell replacement batteries-most would rather sell you a new phone. The best bet for a replacement battery is Radio Shack although they will almost certainly won't have one in stock and will have to special order it for you. monophoto · 7 years ago. Thumbs up", "As a result, Leyden says its batteries have a longer lifespan than today's lithium ion batteries, between 750 and 800 charging cycles until the battery hits 80 percent of its original capacity, versus the 350-to-500-cycle average of regular lithium ion batteries. " ], "url": [ "http://www.ehow.com/about_6678887_life-span-cell-phone-battery_.html", "http://www.thesecretlifeofthings.com/#!phone-facts/c611", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_average_life_span_of_a_cordless_phone_battery", "http://cellphoneforums.net/chit-chat/t245811-what-average-lifetime-cell-phone.html", "http://www.thesecretlifeofthings.com/#!phone-facts/c611", "http://www.ehow.com/about_6678887_life-span-cell-phone-battery_.html", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090221150932AAv76iB", "http://www.cnet.com/news/smartphone-battery-life-2-problems-4-fixes-smartphones-unlocked/" ] }

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[ "It is a 11 digit code provided by rbi reserve bank of india for identifying individual bank branch in india." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "for icici bank ifsc code you can go through icici bank ifsc code micr code addresses in india bankbazaar here ifsc code of icici bank s branches in india are available it is used in online fund transaction you can also get the addresses and contact details as well for icici bank ifsc code you can go through banks ifsc code search here ifsc code of icici bank s branches in india are available it is very easy and intuitive to locate the ifsc code of any bank branch across india it is used in online fund transaction such as micr and neft", "the full form of ifsc code is indian financial system code used for online bank transactions in india ifsc code is a 11 digit code combined with alpha numerical characters assigned by rbi to identify every branch of a bank uniquely so for all online fund transfers payments of a bank require it s ifsc code and it will be used in the form of neft national electronic fund transfer rtgs real time gross settlement and cfms centralised funds management system", "ifsc or indian financial system code is an alpha numeric code that uniquely identifies a bank branch participating in the neft system this is an 11 digit code with the first 4 alpha characters representing the bank and the last 6 characters representing the branch the 5th character is 0 zero the ifsc code is 11 digit alpha numeric number and the first four characters uniquely identify the bank and the next four characters are control characters and the last three digit number uniquely identify the bank branch ifsc code for every branch of the banks is unique", "to find ifsc code or micr code of your bank branch visit www indiancodes org and search the ifsc code just by following 4 simple steps 1 select bank 2 select state 3 select district 4 select cetre you would get all the list of branches in that city or centre here you can find ifsc codes of any bank in india indian financial system code ifsc it is used for electronic payment applications like real time gross settlement rtgs national electronic funds transfer neft and cen tralised funds management system cfms developed by reserve bank of india rbi", "find ifsc code micr code using the lists below first select your bank from the following drop down list then select your state now select your district and finally select the branch of your bank to find ifsc code sponsored links if you need to change any search list term please use brown colored up arrow icons ifsc indian financial system code is a 11 digit code provided by rbi reserve bank of india for identifying individual bank branch in india this code is used by rtgs and neft the code is of 11 characters the first part is the first 4 alphabet characters representing the bank", "ifsc code vs swift code swift code and ifsc code are identification codes for the purpose of electronic money transfer between financial institutions mainly banks one has to mention these codes when transferring money from one bank to another ", "ifsc the indian financial system code ifsc is an alphanumeric code that uniquely identifies a bank branch participating in the two main electronic funds settlement systems in india the real time gross settlement rtgs and the national electronic funds transfer neft systems ", "icici bank ifsc code icici bank ifsc code is primarily used for both neft as well as rtgs fund transfer systems the ifsc code for icici bank is provided by the reserve bank of india along with the other essential codes like neft rtgs and micr these codes are unique for every icici bank branch and are subject to change for security reasons" ], "url": [ "https://www.quora.com/Why-does-ICICI-bank-not-show-the-IFSC-code-but-shows-the-branch-address", "http://www.bankswiftifsccode.com/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_an_IFSC_code", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_mean_by_ifsc_code", "http://banksifsccode.com/", "http://www.differencebetween.com/difference-between-ifsc-code-and-vs-swift-code/", "http://www.ifsc-bank-code.com/help.html", "https://www.bankbazaar.com/ifsc-code/icici-bank.html" ] }

[]

[ "Yes", "No" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Step 2. Remove the flowers from the packaging if they are loose flowers for a floral arrangement. If the flowers are a corsage, boutonniere or bouquet for a formal occasion, leave the flowers in the original packaging from the florist without disturbing them. Flowers that originate in tropical regions are exceptions; do not place ginger blossoms, orchids or anthuriums in the refrigerator because these flowers require constant temperatures above 55 degrees.", "1 Have a spare boutonniere on hand. 2 If you use a refrigerator to store your boutonniere, keep the enclosed box in the refrigerator drawer by itself, to avoid the gases from food. 3 Do not store your boutonniere in the freezer as this will kill it. Put the tissue with the boutonniere on it, into a box with a lid, or a corsage bag. Keep the boutonniere in the box, and store it in a portable cooler. Keep it moist and cool until you are ready to use it.", "FAVORITE. We suggest using a hardy flower with a big head such as a rose or miniature calla lily; they can survive being handled. You can make a boutonniere the day before the wedding, and be sure to get extra flowers for practice. Here's a step-by-step guide on do-it-yourself boutonnieres. ", "1 Rose, greens and/or filler flowers (like baby’s breath). TIP #1: The most important things you need to remember when making a boutonniere is that your rose needs to be fresh! When you go out to buy your rose, gently squeeze the base of the flower and make sure it is firm and not soft. If it is soft, the flower is getting old and will not last as long. And finally, place your creation into the door of your refrigerator. Flowers like to be at a perfect 40 degrees. Just in case you were wondering :-). In my next post I will show you the proper way to pin on a boutonniere.", "When you are making the boutonnieres yourself and want to make them some time in advance, it might be worth it to make a test boutonniere a few weeks ahead of time and see how long it lasts. That will give you a good idea of how long the flowers you are working with will live and look attractive. Storage. Finished boutonnieres should be kept moist and cool until the time they are needed. You can heavily mist the flowers and seal them up in a plastic bag or box, which is then stored somewhere cool, like a refrigerator (but not a freezer). Check to make sure they are still moist occasionally", "A florist can give you options for longer-lasting flowers, but even standard boutonniere flowers like roses and carnations will last for several days if kept in the right conditions. Some flowers will be just fine for up to a week or more. Boutonnieres are generally a single flower with a bed of greenery behind. Storage. Finished boutonnieres should be kept moist and cool until the time they are needed. You can heavily mist the flowers and seal them up in a plastic bag or box, which is then stored somewhere cool, like a refrigerator (but not a freezer). Check to make sure they are still moist occasionally", "Tips & Warnings. 1 Have a spare boutonniere on hand. 2 If you use a refrigerator to store your boutonniere, keep the enclosed box in the refrigerator drawer by itself, to avoid the gases from food. Put the tissue with the boutonniere on it, into a box with a lid, or a corsage bag. Keep the boutonniere in the box, and store it in a portable cooler. Keep it moist and cool until you are ready to use it.", "Gauge the time you make your arrangements in advance by the cold storage you have available: 4-5 days in advance for walk-in or large refrigerator, 3-4 days in advance for cold cellar, 2-3 days in advance for cool basement. Arrangements such as pew bouquets, altar bouquets, buffet bouquets, bar bouquets, washroom bouquets, entrance bouquets, guest registry bouquets and arch base bouquets can also be made 4-5 days in advance as long as you can keep them in a walk-in fridge or other large cooler.", "Place the misted boutonniere on a tissue. Put the tissue with the boutonniere on it, into a box with a lid, or a corsage bag. Keep the boutonniere in the box, and store it in a portable cooler. Keep it moist and cool until you are ready to use it." ], "url": [ "http://www.gardenguides.com/80586-keep-fresh-flowers-refrigerator.html", "http://www.ehow.com/how_8254701_keep-boutonniere-fresh.html", "https://www.theknot.com/content/homemade-boutonnieres-basics", "http://floralshowers.com/floral/tutorial-how-to-make-a-boutonniere/", "http://www.ehow.com/way_5542359_far-advance-make-boutonnieres.html", "http://www.ehow.com/way_5542359_far-advance-make-boutonnieres.html", "http://www.ehow.com/how_8254701_keep-boutonniere-fresh.html", "http://www.bellaweddingflowers.com/blog/how-far-in-advance-can-you-make-diy-wedding-flowers/", "http://www.ehow.com/how_8254701_keep-boutonniere-fresh.html" ] }

[]

[ "E. Coli bacterium" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "A urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection of any part of the urinary system. 2 Most infections involve the lower urinary tract. The urinary tract is comprised of the bladder, kidneys, ureters and urethra. Urinary tract infections are the second most common type of infection in the body and account for around 8.1 million visits to health care providers each year. 1 The majority of urinary tract infections are caused by the E. Coli bacterium. 2 Common symptoms include a strong, frequent urge to urinate and a painful and burning sensation when urinating. 3 Urinary tract infection is usually diagnosed based on symptoms and testing of a urine sample.", "Lower urinary tract infection is also referred to as a bladder infection. The most common symptoms are burning with urination and having to urinate frequently (or an urge to urinate) in the absence of vaginal discharge and significant pain. The bacteria that cause urinary tract infections typically enter the bladder via the urethra. However, infection may also occur via the blood or lymph. It is believed that the bacteria are usually transmitted to the urethra from the bowel, with females at greater risk due to their anatomy.", "1 Infection of the bladder (cystitis). 2 This type of UTI is usually caused by Escherichia coli (E. coli), a type of bacteria commonly found in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. 3 However, sometimes other bacteria are responsible. The most common UTIs occur mainly in women and affect the bladder and urethra. 1 Infection of the bladder (cystitis). 2 Infection of the urethra (urethritis). 3 Symptoms. 4 Risk factors.", "A urinary tract infection is an infection that can occur in any area of the urinary tract, including the ureters, bladder, kidneys, or urethra. Bladder infections (cystitis) and urethra infections (urethritis) are most common. Picture of the urinary tract. Urinary tract infections can be categorized as either simple or complicated. 1 Simple UTIs occur in healthy people with normal urinary tracts. 2 This is the type of UTI that occurs most frequently in women", "The most common UTIs occur mainly in women and affect the bladder and urethra. 1 Infection of the bladder (cystitis). 2 This type of UTI is usually caused by Escherichia coli (E. coli), a type of bacteria commonly found in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. 3 However, sometimes other bacteria are responsible. The most common UTIs occur mainly in women and affect the bladder and urethra. 1 Infection of the bladder (cystitis). 2 Infection of the urethra (urethritis). 3 Symptoms. 4 Risk factors.", "Causes. Urinary tract infections typically occur when bacteria enter the urinary tract through the urethra and begin to multiply in the bladder. Although the urinary system is designed to keep out such microscopic invaders, these defenses sometimes fail. The most common UTIs occur mainly in women and affect the bladder and urethra. 1 Infection of the bladder (cystitis). 2 Infection of the urethra (urethritis). 3 Symptoms. 4 Risk factors.", "The urine is normally sterile. An infection occurs when bacteria get into the urine and begin to grow. The infection usually starts at the opening of the urethra where the urine leaves the body and moves upward into the urinary tract. ", "1 Infection of the urethra (urethritis). 2 This type of UTI can occur when GI bacteria spread from the anus to the urethra. 3 Also, because the female urethra is close to the vagina, sexually transmitted infections, such as herpes, gonorrhea, chlamydia and mycoplasma, can cause urethritis. The most common UTIs occur mainly in women and affect the bladder and urethra. 1 Infection of the bladder (cystitis). 2 Infection of the urethra (urethritis). 3 Symptoms. 4 Risk factors.", "Different types of UTI. You can get an infection in the lower (bladder and urethra) or upper (kidney and ureters) part of the urinary tract, and doctors often describe them as lower or upper UTIs. Upper UTIs are potentially more serious than lower UTIs because there is a risk of kidney damage.", "A urinary tract infection, or UTI, is an infection of any part of the urinary system, the group of organs that removes water and waste products from the blood. About 95 percent of UTIs involve the lower urinary tract. This includes the bladder (the organ that collects and holds urine) and the urethra (the tube through which urine exits the body). Lower urinary tract infections are also called cystitis. They can be quite painful, but usually don't cause permanent damage." ], "url": [ "http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/189953.php", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urinary_tract_infection", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/urinary-tract-infection/basics/causes/CON-20037892", "http://www.emedicinehealth.com/urinary_tract_infection_uti/article_em.htm", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/urinary-tract-infection/basics/causes/CON-20037892", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/urinary-tract-infection/basics/causes/CON-20037892", "http://www.medicinenet.com/urinary_tract_infection/page2.htm", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/urinary-tract-infection/basics/causes/CON-20037892", "http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/Urinary-tract-infection-adults/Pages/Introduction.aspx", "http://www.innerbody.com/diseases-conditions/uti" ] }

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[ "Is the characteristics and knowledge of a particular group of people, defined by everything from language, religion, cuisine, social habits, music and arts." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Thus, it can be seen as the growth of a group identity fostered by social patterns unique to the group. The word culture derives from a French term, which in turn derives from the Latin colere, which means to tend to the earth and grow, or cultivation and nurture.", "Culture is the characteristics and knowledge of a particular group of people, defined by everything from language, religion, cuisine, social habits, music and arts.", "Many of the Spanish-speaking nations are considered part of the Latin culture, while the geographic region is widespread. Latin America is typically defined as those parts of the Central America, South America and Mexico where Spanish or Portuguese are the dominant languages.", "1 Culture is the sum of total of the learned behavior of a group of people that are generally considered to be the tradition of that people and are transmitted from generation to generation. 2 Culture is a collective programming of the mind that distinguishes the members of one group or category of people from another.", "The word culture has many different meanings. For some it refers to an appreciation of good literature, music, art, and food. For a biologist, it is likely to be a colony of bacteria or other microorganisms growing in a nutrient medium in a laboratory Petri dish.", "People within a culture usually interpret the meaning of symbols, artifacts, and behaviors in the same or in similar ways.. Culture: learned and shared human patterns or models for living; day-to-day living patterns. these patterns and models pervade all aspects of human social interaction.", "1 A culture is a way of life of a group of people--the behaviors, beliefs, values, and symbols that they accept, generally without thinking about them, and that are passed along by communication and imitation from one generation to the next.", "Culture determines what is acceptable or unacceptable, important or unimportant, right or wrong, workable or unworkable. It encompasses all learned and shared, explicit or tacit, assumptions, beliefs, knowledge, norms, and values, as well as attitudes, behavior, dress, and language. See also organizational culture.", "CARLA’s Definition. For the purposes of the Intercultural Studies Project, culture is defined as the shared patterns of behaviors and interactions, cognitive constructs, and affective understanding that are learned through a process of socialization." ], "url": [ "http://www.livescience.com/21478-what-is-culture-definition-of-culture.html", "http://www.livescience.com/21478-what-is-culture-definition-of-culture.html", "http://www.livescience.com/21478-what-is-culture-definition-of-culture.html", "https://www.tamu.edu/faculty/choudhury/culture.html", "http://anthro.palomar.edu/culture/culture_1.htm", "http://carla.umn.edu/culture/definitions.html", "https://www.tamu.edu/faculty/choudhury/culture.html", "http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/culture.html", "http://carla.umn.edu/culture/definitions.html" ] }

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[ "Because the uncontrolled cell growth adversely affects functional body cells. There are limited nutrients and energy in the body.Therefore cancer indirectly kills functional body cells by depriving them of energy." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Like moving house, cancer spread is a controlled process. Most of the deaths caused by cancer happen after cells break away from the initial tumour and spread to other sites in the body – a process called metastasis. But surviving in a foreign region of the body isn’t easy, even for cancer cell", "Save as Favorite. Breast cancer is an uncontrolled growth of breast cells. To better understand breast cancer, it helps to understand how any cancer can develop. Cancer occurs as a result of mutations, or abnormal changes, in the genes responsible for regulating the growth of cells and keeping them healthy. ", "Cancer cells are cells which have lost the ability to regulate their growth. As a result, cancers are abnormal growth of cells, called a tumor. Cancer is harmful because the uncontrolled cell growth adversely affects functional body cells. There are limited nutrients and energy in the body. Therefore cancer indirectly kills functional body cells by depriving them of energy.", "Cancer harms the body when altered cells divide uncontrollably to form lumps or masses of tissue called tumors (except in the case of leukemia where cancer prohibits normal blood function by abnormal cell division in the blood stream). Cancer is a class of diseases characterized by out-of-control cell growth. There are over 100 different types of cancer, and each is classified by the type of cell that is initially affected.", "Harmful Effects of Ultraviolet Radiation. The harmful effects from exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation can be classified as acute or chronic. The acute effects of UV-A and UV-B exposure are both short-lived and reversible. These effects include mainly sunburn (or erythema) and tanning (or pigment darkening). UV rays can also damage the eyes as more than 99% of UV radiation is absorbed by the front of the eyes. Corneal damage, cataracts, and macular degeneration are all possible chronic effects from UV exposure and can ultimately lead to blindness. Melanoma, a type of skin cancer, can also develop within the eye.", "How cancer spreads. Cancer cells often travel to other parts of the body where they can grow and form new tumors that crowd out normal tissue. This happens when the cancer cells get into the body’s bloodstream or lymph vessels. The process of cancer spreading is called metastasis. Cancer cell growth is different from normal cell growth. Instead of dying, cancer cells continue to grow and form new, abnormal cells. Cancer cells can also invade (grow into) other tissues, something that normal cells can’t do. Growing out of control and invading other tissues are what makes a cell a cancer cell.", "Cancer starts when cells in a part of the body start to grow out of control. Cancer cell growth is different from normal cell growth. Instead of dying, cancer cells continue to grow and form new, abnormal cells. Cancer cells can also invade (grow into) other tissues, something that normal cells can’t do. Growing out of control and invading other tissues are what makes a cell a cancer cell.", "Cancer cells are cells which have lost the ability to regulate their growth. As a result, cancers are abnormal growth of cells, called a tumor. Cancer is harmful because … the uncontrolled cell growth adversely affects functional body cells. There are limited nutrients and energy in the body. Therefore cancer indirectly kills functional body cells by depriving them of energy. 1 Diseases Caused By Smoking Smoking cigarettes is a very harmful habit that can lead to a variety of diseases that can be detrimental to your health and wellbeing. 2 There are several diseases a smoker ca…. 3 The Five Major Parts of the Brain At its most basic, the brain controls the body.", "Report Abuse. Some types of cancer can spread to take over part of the body that carries out an essential function. For example, if a cancer is growing in part of the digestive system, it can prevent the digestion and absorption of food. It can block the digestive system so that food cannot go through the intestines. I Understand That cancer Is Cells That Divide And Grow uncontrollably Without Making proteins and whatnot but, as long as your original healthy cells are dividing properly shouldn't they be able to make the proteins and whatnot that you need? Also, if there's another reason why there harmful PLEASE TELL.", "Cancer is ultimately the result of cells that uncontrollably grow and do not die. Normal cells in the body follow an orderly path of growth, division, and death. Programmed cell death is called apoptosis, and when this process breaks down, cancer begins to form. Cancer is a class of diseases characterized by out-of-control cell growth. There are over 100 different types of cancer, and each is classified by the type of cell that is initially affected." ], "url": [ "http://scienceblog.cancerresearchuk.org/2013/09/11/cancer-cells-spreading-around-the-body-a-dangerous-game/", "http://www.breastcancer.org/symptoms/understand_bc/what_is_bc", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_does_cancer_cells_harm_or_affect_the_human_body", "http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/info/cancer-oncology", "http://enhs.umn.edu/current/5103/uv/harmful.html", "http://www.cancer.org/cancer/cancerbasics/what-is-cancer", "http://www.cancer.org/cancer/cancerbasics/what-is-cancer", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Explain_why_cancer_is_harmful", "https://ca.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20091007200601AAwtpTc", "http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/info/cancer-oncology" ] }

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[ "Prospective psychiatrists must complete a four-year bachelor's degree as preparation for medical school. Essential undergraduate classes include English, math, biology, chemistry and physics." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Training for a career in psychiatry begins in undergraduate school, and a bachelor's degree is required for admission to medical school. Undergraduate students pursuing a career in psychiatry may consider majoring in psychology, but a specific major is not required. ", "Prospective psychiatrists must complete a four-year bachelor's degree as preparation for medical school. Essential undergraduate classes include English, math, biology, chemistry and physics. Each state makes its own requirements, but in general you must complete an accredited medical degree and a residency. You must also fulfill state examination requirements by passing the U.S. Medical Licensing Examination for M.D.s or the Comprehensive Osteopathic Medical Licensing Examination for D.O.s.", "At the bachelor's degree level, psychiatry majors are not available. To prepare for acceptance to psychiatric medical school, undergraduates may wish to study: 1 psychology. 2 biology. 3 chemistry. 4 organic chemistry. What to Major in to Become a Psychiatrist: Degree Options. Discover the undergraduate coursework needed to prepare for psychiatry studies in medical school. Examine the graduate requirements and clinical training needed for a Doctor of Medicine degree.", "Following medical school graduation, you must complete a 4-year residency in psychiatry to fulfill state medical board requirements for licensing. A medical residency is part of a psychiatrist's medical education and involves paid, on-the-job training, which usually takes place in a hospital. Psychiatry Overview. Psychiatrists are medical doctors who primarily care for patients with mental health problems. The education path to entering this career field is a long one, including medical school and at least four years of post-graduate residency training.", "1 During the first four years of medical school you take classes, do lab work, and learn about medical ethics. 2 You may not have the opportunity to do hands-on psychiatry work at this stage, but earning your medical degree is a requirement in the path to becoming a psychiatrist, so stick with it. ", "Report Abuse. As an undergrad, you need whatever degree will get you into med school. You can't be a psychiatrist without an MD (that is the difference between a psychiatrist and a psychologist, and it means the psychiatrist can prescribe medication). So basically you would go to med school and then specialize in psychiatry. Psychology is actually a B.A (Bachelor of Arts), classified under social sciences. You can get into med school with any kind of degree, so long as your grades are sufficient, and you pass the MCAT. BSc (Bachelors of Sciences) will help you with the MCAT and in medical school in general, but it is not 100% necessary.", "Becoming a forensic psychiatrist requires the completion of both an undergraduate program and a four-year Doctor of Medicine (M.D.) degree program. During the M.D. program, you have the opportunity to take electives or choose a major in psychiatry in addition to completing the required medical education coursework. Professional Certification. As a forensic psychiatrist, you have the option to become certified by the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology (ABPN). The requirements for certification include completing medical school and residency training, holding an unrestricted license, and passing an exam.", "The first step to becoming a psychiatrist is to earn a bachelor’s degree from an accredited institution. In preparation for medical school, a good choice would be to focus on pre-med, physical sciences or psychology — or a combination of the three by utilizing a double major or minor. Complete an MD or DO Degree Program. Students who enter medical school can choose between two designations to eventually become a psychiatrist: a Doctor of Medicine (MD) program or a Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine (DO) program.", "Back to Questions. In Canada, psychiatrists must have a degree in medicine, a license to practise medicine in their province, and specialist certification in psychiatry by either the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada or a provincial college. " ], "url": [ "http://study.com/how_to_become_a_psychiatrist.html", "http://work.chron.com/degrees-need-become-psychiatrist-6657.html", "http://study.com/articles/What_to_Major_in_to_Become_a_Psychiatrist_Degree_Options.html", "http://learn.org/articles/What_Education_is_Required_to_Become_a_Psychiatrist.html", "http://www.wikihow.com/Become-a-Psychiatrist", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090122183726AAlS3XY", "http://learn.org/articles/What_Education_Do_I_Need_to_Become_a_Forensic_Psychiatrist.html", "http://www.learnhowtobecome.org/psychiatrist/", "http://www.cpa-apc.org/browse/documents/27" ] }

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