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[ "The name “Maharishi” is in honor of Maharishi Mahesh Yogi who is renowned throughout the world for bringing to light in a scientific, systematic manner the complete Vedic science of consciousness." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Maharishi Mahesh Yogi: Transcendental Meditation (TM) is a very natural procedure of experiencing the finer state of the thinking process and to arrive at the source of thought, which is the pure field of creative intelligence; pure awareness, unbounded awareness is at the source of thought.", "In 1955 Maharishi Mahesh Yogi began offering to the world the quintessence of the timeless wisdom of the Himalayas.", "* “Vedic” – from “Veda,” meaning knowledge. *Maharishi describes this knowledge in the book Introduction to Maharishi Vedic University (see right column) as “the beacon light of Vedic Civilization, celebrating perfection in enlightenment and fulfillment.”.", "The name “Vedic” comes from the Sanskrit word “Veda,” which means “knowledge.” The name “Maharishi” is in honor of Maharishi Mahesh Yogi who is renowned throughout the world for bringing to light in a scientific, systematic manner the complete Vedic science of consciousness.", "Ayurveda is the world's most ancient system of preventive health care. Developed in India over 6,000 years ago. Ayurveda (which translates as knowledge of life) is a natural approach for creating balance and strengthening the body's healing abilities.", "Maharishi Ayurveda enlivens the inner intelligence of the body and strengthens its natural healing ability. According to Ayurveda, disease is primarily the result of imbalances and impurities that accumulate in the body over time.", "Definition of MAHARISHI. : a Hindu teacher of mystical knowledge.", "During his life, Maharishi worked with scientists, educators, and exponents of Vedic* wisdom to develop an integrated approach to knowledge, unifying diverse fields of study. He wrote many books and circled the world numerous times, speaking with world leaders and lecturing widely.", "Maharishi: “Yes. And it brings very practical value to life. Even if we forget about ‘enlightenment’ for a moment — maybe that state seems to be inconceivable — still it is our daily experience that the whole value of life is very little if we are tired, if we are stressed.", "Recently, working together with the foremost Ayurveda experts in India, Maharishi Mahesh Yogi, founder of the Transcendental Meditation program (TM), systematized and restored Ayurveda, along with all the other branches of Vedic knowledge, to its purity and completeness in accord with classic Vedic texts." ], "url": [ "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YPsdVnFeTmQ", "https://www.mum.edu/about-mum/about-maharishi-mahesh-yogi/", "https://www.mum.edu/about-mum/about-maharishi-mahesh-yogi/", "http://www.maharishivediccity-iowa.gov/", "http://www.theraj.com/ayurveda/index.php", "http://www.theraj.com/ayurveda/index.php", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/maharishi", "https://www.mum.edu/about-mum/about-maharishi-mahesh-yogi/", "http://www.tm.org/enlightenment", "http://www.theraj.com/ayurveda/index.php" ] }

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[ "An immunoglobulin that binds to phospholipids and proteins associated with the cell membrane." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Lupus anticoagulant (also known as lupus antibody, LA, LAC, or lupus inhibitors) is an immunoglobulin that binds to phospholipids and proteins associated with the cell membrane. Lupus anticoagulant is a misnomer, as it is actually a prothrombotic agent. Lupus anticoagulant antibodies in living systems cause an increase in inappropriate blood clotting. The name derives from their properties in vitro, since in laboratory tests, these antibodies increase aPTT. Investigators speculate that the antibodies interfere with phospholipids used to induce in vitro coagulation.", "Lupus anticoagulant testing is a series of tests used to detect lupus anticoagulant (LA) in the blood. LA is an autoantibody associated with excess blood clot formation. LA testing may be used to help determine the cause of: 1 An unexplained blood clot (thrombosis) in a vein or artery. 2 Recurrent miscarriages. A series of tests is used to confirm or rule out the autoantibody: 1 It is recommended that two tests be used to detect lupus anticoagulant. 2 The most sensitive tests are dilute Russell viper venom test (DRVVT) and a LA-sensitive PTT (PTT-LA), one that uses low levels of phospholipid reagents.", "Alternatively known as antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, lupus anticoagulant syndrome is a coagulation disorder which causes formation of thrombosis in blood vessels. 1 In lupus anticoagulant syndrome, there is affectation of the mitral valve, masses may form on this area or may thicken, leading to blood regurgitation. 2 Low platelet count. 3 Patient may show episodes of bleeding, especially from the nose and gums. 4 Petechiae may also appear, suggesting bleeding into the skin.", "Best Answer: Lupus anticoagulant is an autoimmune disorder Caused by antibodies that bind to phospholipids and proteins associated with the cell membrane. : About 33 % of women with lupus have antibodies that interfere with the function of the placenta. These antibodies are called antiphospholipid or lupus anticoagulant. They may cause blood clots, even in the placenta that prevent the placenta from growing and functioning normally.", "1 It is recommended that two tests be used to detect lupus anticoagulant. 2 The most sensitive tests are dilute Russell viper venom test (DRVVT) and a LA-sensitive PTT (PTT-LA), one that uses low levels of phospholipid reagents. 3 Follow-up testing is performed to confirm or exclude the presence of lupus anticoagulant. A series of tests is used to confirm or rule out the autoantibody: 1 ", "One of which is the lupus anticoagulant. This anticoagulant is actually an antibody which is found in the lining of the cells. Its main function is to prevent blood clotting, especially in a test tube. People who have this type of antibody will most likely be at risk of abnormal blood clotting. ", "Lupus antibodies are one of two types of antiphospholipid antibodies that are sometimes found in blood. Antiphospholipid antibodies are proteins that react to the phospholipids, or fat molecules, normally found in the membranes of blood cells. Antiphospholipids can interfere with the work of your blood cells. They can cause blood vessels to narrow and clots to form.", "Lupus anticoagulant is a specific type of antiphospholipid antibody that exists in your bloodstream. It is actually a protein, which causes your blood to clot differently in your arteries and veins that it normally should. Antiphospholipid antibodies can sometimes interfere with your ability to maintain a pregnancy. Lupus anticoagulant (LAC) is a type of antiphospholipid antibody that is often associated with infertilty. Tests for lupus anticoagulant antibody are available from your reproductive endocrinologist.", "The presence of an antiphospholipid antibody such as the lupus anticoagulant and anticardiolipin antibody in an individual is associated with a predisposition for blood clots. Blood clots can form anywhere in the body and can lead to stroke, gangrene, heart attack, and other serious complications. " ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lupus_anticoagulant", "https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/lupus-anticoagulant/tab/test", "http://syndrome.org/lupus-anticoagulant-syndrome/", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20060706122534AAkomkL", "https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/lupus-anticoagulant/tab/test", "http://dnndesigner.com/symptoms-and-treatment-for-lupus-anticoagulant/", "http://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?ContentTypeID=167&ContentID=lupus_anticoagulant", "http://www.sharedjourney.com/define/lac.html", "http://www.hopkinslupus.org/lupus-tests/antiphospholipid-antibodies/" ] }

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{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "A can of dip costs an average of nearly $3. A two-can-a-week habit costs about $300 per year. A can-a-day habit costs nearly $1,100 per year. Likewise, chewing tobacco costs about $2. A pouch-a-day habit costs over $700 a year. Think of all the things you could do with that money instead of dipping or chewing", "As part of the settlement, the tobacco companies will make a total of $12 billion in up-front payments. The first payment of $2.4 billion was paid to the escrow account by the end of 1998. Additional up-front payments of $2.4 billion will be made each January in 2000, 2001, 2002, and 2003. ", "It is the users responsibility to check the validity of all calculated values. The Tobacco Cost Calculator Requires Flash Player 9.0 FLASH Player Download Page. The annual cost of tobacco use is more than $50 billion in direct medical costs, for a total of 97 billion in health care costs and lost productivity. If every smoker would smoke one less cigarette per day it would cost the tobacco industry one to two billion dollars per year. In 2007, the US Centers for Disease Control an d Prevention estimated that the heath care costs associated with smoking were $10.28 per pack. (Lexington Herald Leader Nov 25, 2007).", "1 But in California, both the promotion and availability of smokeless tobacco have greatly increased and, among high school students, smokeless tobacco prevalence was 3.9 percent in 2010, an increase from 3.1 percent in 2004. 3 Fewer teenagers smoke in California than almost anywhere else in the country. 8 In California, sales of non-cigarette tobacco and nicotine products have risen dramatically over the last decade, from $77.1 million in 2001 to $210.9 million in 2011. 9 Cigars and Cigarillos Cigars and cigarillos, sometimes called little cigars, are popular with youth.", "(b) The inevitable health care costs of smoking come to almost $10 for every pack of cigarettes sold in California. (c) Tobacco use costs Californians more than $9.1 billion in tobacco-related medical expenses every year. The cost of lost productivity due to tobacco use adds an additional estimated $8.5 billion to the annual economic consequences of smoking in California. (a) Tobacco use is the single most preventable cause of death and disease in California, claiming the lives of more than 36,000 people every year. California still has approximately 3.4 million adult smokers and 200,000 youth smokers.", "The BOE has implemented the Cigarette and Tobacco Products Internet Program to collect the state excise taxes and use taxes from California consumers purchasing untaxed cigarettes and/or tobacco products from out-of-state Internet retailers, and/or by way of mail or telephone, for self-consumption in California. ", "Rating Newest Oldest. Best Answer: Depends on what state you're in. The taxes in New York and California for example are outrageous and drive the total price up to 8 or 9 dollars for a tin. Before taxes, the cost of Skoal and Copenhagen usually falls in the range of $3.50 - $5.00. But like I said, the taxes can vary greatly depending on what state you are in.", "Smokers pay twice as much for life insurance and will die an average of over 12 years sooner than non-smokers. Depending upon where you live in the US a habit of one pack per day can cost up to $1800 per year. If every smoker would smoke one less cigarette per day it would cost the tobacco industry one to two billion dollars per year. In 2007, the US Centers for Disease Control an d Prevention estimated that the heath care costs associated with smoking were $10.28 per pack. (Lexington Herald Leader Nov 25, 2007).", "8 Point-of-sale smokeless tobacco advertising spending increased 56 percent, from $29.3 million in 2007 to $45.6 million in 2010. 8 This dramatic increase in smokeless tobacco advertising and promotion is refl ected in increases in smokeless tobacco sales. 8 In California, sales of non-cigarette tobacco and nicotine products have risen dramatically over the last decade, from $77.1 million in 2001 to $210.9 million in 2011. 9 Cigars and Cigarillos Cigars and cigarillos, sometimes called little cigars, are popular with youth.", "Tobacco surcharges can result in tobacco users paying thousands of dollars more in health insurance premiums – a study in California showed that an average tobacco user could end up paying 18.7 percent of his annual income in premiums because of the surcharge allowed. " ], "url": [ "http://nidcr.nih.gov/oralhealth/topics/smokelesstobacco/smokelesstobaccoaguideforquitting.htm", "http://www.lao.ca.gov/1999/011499_tobacco_settlement.html", "http://www.tobacco-facts.info/cost_to_society.htm", "http://www.cdph.ca.gov/Documents/EMBARGOED%20State%20Health%20Officers%20Report%20on%20Tobacco.pdf", "http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201320140SB768", "http://www.boe.ca.gov/sptaxprog/cig_n_tob_prod_tax.htm", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20060627201803AANAT9w", "http://www.tobacco-facts.info/cost_to_society.htm", "http://www.cdph.ca.gov/Documents/EMBARGOED%20State%20Health%20Officers%20Report%20on%20Tobacco.pdf", "http://www.prevent.org/data/files/actiontoquit/factsheet%20-%20tobacco%20surcharges.pdf" ] }

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[ "Mobile genetic elements (MGE) are a type of DNA that can move around within the genome. They include: 1 Transposons (also called transposable elements). 2 Retrotransposons. 3 DNA transposons. 4 Insertion sequences. 5 Plasmids. 6 Bacteriophage elements, like Mu, which integrates randomly into the genome. 7 Group II introns." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "A bacterial DNA transposon. A transposable element (TE or transposon) is a DNA sequence that can change its position within the genome, sometimes creating or reversing mutations and altering the cell's genome size. Retroviruses can also be considered TEs. For example, after entering a host cell and conversion of the retroviral RNA into DNA, the newly produced retroviral DNA is integrated into the genome of the host cell. These integrated DNAs represent a provirus of the retrovirus.", "Transposable elements (TEs) represent one of several types of mobile genetic elements. TEs are assigned to one of two classes according to their mechanism of transposition, which can be described as either copy and paste (class I TEs) or cut and paste (class II TEs). Retroviruses can also be considered TEs. For example, after entering a host cell and conversion of the retroviral RNA into DNA, the newly produced retroviral DNA is integrated into the genome of the host cell. These integrated DNAs represent a provirus of the retrovirus.", "1 Class II transposons. 2 These consist of DNA that moves directly from place to place. 3 Class I transposons. 4 These are retrotransposons that. 5 first transcribe the DNA into RNA and then. 6 use reverse transcriptase to make a DNA copy of the RNA to insert in a new location. These mobile segments of DNA are sometimes called jumping genes . 1 ", "mobile genetic element. (1) A DNA sequence (e.g., insertion sequence or transposon) that promotes its own transposition. (2) A DNA sequence on a chromosomes that can move to new sites in the genome other than by mutation. ", "Mobile genetic elements (MGE) are a type of DNA that can move around within the genome. They include: 1 Transposons (also called transposable elements). 2 Retrotransposons. 3 DNA transposons. 4 Insertion sequences. 5 Plasmids. 6 Bacteriophage elements, like Mu, which integrates randomly into the genome. 7 Group II introns. Mobile genetic elements play a critical role in the spread of virulence factors, such as exotoxins and exoenzymes, amongst bacteria. Strategies to combat certain bacterial infections by targeting these specific virulence factors and mobile genetic elements have been proposed.", "Mobile genetic element. (Science: molecular biology) small, mobile dNA sequences that can replicate and insert copies at random sites within chromosomes. They have nearly identical sequences at each end, oppositely oriented (inverted) repeats and code for the enzyme, transposase, that catalyses their insertion. Please contribute to this project, if you have more information about this term feel free to edit this page. This page was last modified on 3 October 2005, at 21:16.This page has been accessed 5,336 times. What links here | Related changes | Permanent link.", "Approximately 11% the Clostridium difficile genome is made up of mobile genetic elements which have a profound effect on the biology of the organism. Plasmids. Plasmids are extra chromosomal genetic elements which range in size from very small, around 1.5 kb to mega plasmids which can reach the size of bacterial genomes e.g. [2] . In C. difficile, plasmids have been identified in several different strains [1] , [3] , [4] and [5] .", "McClintock and the Ac/Ds Transposable Elements of Corn Barbara McClintock was the first scientist to predict that transposable elements, mobile pieces of the genetic material (DNA), were present in eukaryotic genomes. She performed her work on corn and specifically followed seed color phenotypes. ", "1. Approximately 11% of the Clostridium difficile genome is made up of mobile genetic elements (MGEs) [1] which provides the bacterium with a remarkable genetic plasticity. However the exact role of the mobile genome in the organism's biology, evolution and pathogenicity is only now beginning to be understood. Plasmids. Plasmids are extra chromosomal genetic elements which range in size from very small, around 1.5 kb to mega plasmids which can reach the size of bacterial genomes e.g. [2] . In C. difficile, plasmids have been identified in several different strains [1] , [3] , [4] and [5] ." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transposable_element", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transposable_element", "http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/T/Transposons.html", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Mobile+genetic+elements", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_genetic_elements", "http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Mobile_genetic_element", "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S092325081400254X", "https://www.ndsu.edu/pubweb/~mcclean/plsc431/transelem/trans1.htm", "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S092325081400254X" ] }

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[ "Macrovascular disease is a disease of any large (macro) blood vessels in the body.It is a disease of the large blood vessels, including the coronary arteries, the aorta, and the sizable arteries in the brain and in the limbs." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Macrovascular diabetes complications are diseases and conditions of the large blood vessels caused by diabetes. These complications can occur in blood vessels in any part of the body. Factors that can contribute to macrovascular complications are high blood sugar, insulin resistance, high cholesterol, high blood pressure, smoking, and abnormalities in blood clotting. Doctors do not understand what causes some people to develop diabetes complications while others do not. For example, if you smoke, you are at higher risk for heart and blood vessel disease than someone who does not smoke. Macrovascular diabetes complications include heart disease, stroke, and peripheral arterial disease.", "Macrovascular: Pertaining to the macrovasculature, the portion of the vasculature of the body comprising the larger vessels, those with an internal diameter of more than 100 microns. By contrast to microvascular. The term macrovascular is somewhat less used than microvascular. There is a field of microvascular surgery. ", "Macrovascular Disease Due to Diabetes. You are at greater risk for heart attacks, strokes and poor circulation. to the legs. People with diabetes can have problems with their blood vessels. ", "Coronary microvascular disease (MVD) is heart disease that affects the tiny coronary (heart) arteries. In coronary MVD, the walls of the heart's tiny arteries are damaged or diseased. Coronary MVD is different from traditional coronary heart disease (CHD), also called coronary artery disease. In CHD, a waxy substance called plaque (plak) builds up in the large coronary arteries. Plaque narrows the heart's large arteries and reduces the flow of oxygen-rich blood to your heart muscle. The buildup of plaque also makes it more likely that blood clots will form in your arteries. Blood clots can mostly or completely block blood flow through a coronary artery.", "Topic Overview. Macrovascular diabetes complications are diseases and conditions of the large blood vessels caused by diabetes. These complications can occur in blood vessels in any part of the body. Factors that can contribute to macrovascular complications are high blood sugar, insulin resistance, high cholesterol, high blood pressure, smoking, and abnormalities in blood clotting.", "Macrovascular disease: Disease of the large blood vessels, including the coronary arteries, the aorta, and the sizable arteries in the brain and in the limbs. Macrovascular disease is by contrast to microvascular disease. In persons with diabetes, chronic hyperglycemia (assessed by glycosylated hemoglobin level) is related to the development of microvascular disease; however, the relation of glycosylated hemoglobin to macrovascular disease is less clear.", "Macrovascular complications include cardiovascular diseases such as heart attacks, strokes and insufficiency in blood flow to legs. There is evidence from large randomized-controlled trials that good metabolic control in both type 1 and 2 diabetes can delay the onset and progression of these complications. Diabetes causes nerve damage through different mechanisms, including direct damage by the hyperglycemia and decreased blood flow to nerves by damaging small blood vessels. This nerve damage can lead to sensory loss, damage to limbs, and impotence in diabetic men. It is the most common complication of diabetes.", "Diabetes complications are divided into microvascular (due to damage to small blood vessels) and macrovascular (due to damage to larger blood vessels). Diabetes causes nerve damage through different mechanisms, including direct damage by the hyperglycemia and decreased blood flow to nerves by damaging small blood vessels. This nerve damage can lead to sensory loss, damage to limbs, and impotence in diabetic men. It is the most common complication of diabetes.", "(December 2009). Macrovascular disease is a disease of any large (macro) blood vessels in the body. It is a disease of the large blood vessels, including the coronary arteries, the aorta, and the sizable arteries in the brain and in the limbs. This sometimes occurs when a person has had diabetes for a long time. Fat and blood clots build up in the large blood vessels and stick to the vessel walls" ], "url": [ "http://www.webmd.com/diabetes/tc/macrovascular-diabetes-complications-topic-overview", "http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=39260", "http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/gim/core_resources/Patient%20Handouts/Handouts_May_2012/Macrovascular%20Disease%20Due%20to%20Diabetes.pdf", "http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/cmd/", "http://www.emedicinehealth.com/macrovascular_diabetes_complications-health/article_em.htm", "http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=39259", "http://www.who.int/diabetes/action_online/basics/en/index3.html", "http://www.who.int/diabetes/action_online/basics/en/index3.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macrovascular_disease" ] }

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[ "A chloride test measures the level of chloride in your blood or urine.", "Is an important electrolyte in our blood which performs many crucial functions in our body." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The cl blood test is a test that measures the chloride levels in our blood where cl refers to chloride. Chloride is an important electrolyte in our blood which performs many crucial functions in our body. Chloride helps to maintain the proper volume and pressure of our blood and also the optimum pH of our body fluids. It also helps to balance the amount of fluid inside and outside our cells. Tests for potassium, bicarbonate and sodium are also usually done at the same time as a cl blood test for chloride. The chloride in our body usually comes from the salt we eat (sodium chloride).", "A chloride test measures the level of chloride in your blood or urine. Chloride is one of the most important electrolytes in the blood. It helps keep the amount of fluid inside and outside of your cells in balance. It also helps maintain proper blood volume, blood pressure, and pH of your body fluids.", "References. This test measures the amount of chloride in your blood. Chloride is one of several chemicals in the blood called electrolytes. Electrolytes help control the amount of fluid in your body and the way your muscles, nerves, and organs work, including your heart. You need the right balance of chloride and other electrolytes in your body to stay healthy", "A chloride test measures the level of chloride in your blood or urine. Chloride is one of the most important electrolytes in the blood, along with sodium, potassium, and calcium. Chloride helps keep the amount of fluid inside and outside of your cells in balance. Why It Is Done. A test for chloride may be done to: 1 Check your chloride level if you are having symptoms such as muscle twitching or spasms, breathing problems, weakness, or confusion. 2 Find out whether you have kidney or adrenal gland problems.", "Sometimes, urine or skin tests are also done to check for chloride levels. Your doctor may usually ask you to get a cl blood test done when you have the following symptoms: 1 If you have symptoms like weakness, confusion, breathing problems, twitching and muscle spasms. 2 To determine if you have adrenal gland or kidney problems. 3 If you have a high blood pH. It also helps to balance the amount of fluid inside and outside our cells. Tests for potassium, bicarbonate and sodium are also usually done at the same time as a cl blood test for chloride. The chloride in our body usually comes from the salt we eat (sodium chloride).", "Blood chloride testing is often ordered, along with other electrolytes, as part of a regular physical to screen for a variety of conditions. These tests may also be ordered to help diagnose the cause of signs and symptoms such as prolonged vomiting, diarrhea, weakness, and respiratory distress. The blood chloride test is almost never ordered by itself. It is usually ordered as part of an electrolyte panel, a basic metabolic panel, or a comprehensive metabolic panel, which are ordered frequently as part of a routine physical.", "Chloride (Cl). Guide. A chloride test measures the level of chloride in your blood or urine. Chloride is one of the most important electrolytes in the blood. It helps keep the amount of fluid inside and outside of your cells in balance. It also helps maintain proper blood volume, blood pressure, and pH of your body fluids.", "A test for chloride may be done to: 1 Check your chloride level if you are having symptoms such as muscle twitching or spasms, breathing problems, weakness, or confusion. 2 Find out whether you have kidney or adrenal gland problems. 3 Help find the cause for high blood pH. Chloride is one of the most important electrolytes in the blood. It helps keep the amount of fluid inside and outside of your cells in balance. It also helps maintain proper blood volume, blood pressure, and pH of your body fluids.", "A chloride test measures the level of chloride in your blood or urine. Chloride is one of the most important electrolytes in the blood. It helps keep the amount of fluid inside and outside of your cells in balance. It also helps maintain proper blood volume, blood pressure, and pH of your body fluids. Why It Is Done. A test for chloride may be done to: 1 Check your chloride level if you are having symptoms such as muscle twitching or spasms, breathing problems, weakness, or confusion. 2 Find out whether you have kidney or adrenal gland problems." ], "url": [ "http://www.medicalhealthtests.com/askquestion/275/what-is-cl-blood-test.html", "http://www.emedicinehealth.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=129973", "http://www.summitmedicalgroup.com/library/adult_health/tst_serum_chloride_test/", "http://www.cigna.com/healthwellness/hw/medical-tests/chloride-hw6323", "http://www.medicalhealthtests.com/askquestion/275/what-is-cl-blood-test.html", "https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/chloride/tab/test", "http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/chloride-cl", "http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/chloride-cl", "http://www.cigna.com/healthwellness/hw/medical-tests/chloride-hw6323" ] }

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[ "Teeth reduced, therefore a lot of times lower and upper premolars are extracted." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "A survey of extraction patterns in the hospital orthodontic service (Table 1) showed that first premolars were most commonly extracted (59%) followed by second premolars (13%). Permanent molars accounted for 19% of extractions (12% for first molars and 7% for second molars). Premolars are often ideal for the relief of both anterior and posterior crowding, the first and second premolars have similar crown forms, which means that an acceptable contact point can be achieved between the remaining premolar and the adjacent molar and canine.", "One very common question on our Metal Mouth Forum involves extraction. Often, adults may need teeth extracted to make room so their other teeth can move into their proper positions. It's so easy for someone else to tell you that you need teeth removed. After all, the teeth are not coming from their mouth! And as you know, after teeth are removed, you can't put them back. In some cases, other methods can be used to make space, such as shaving the teeth or using Damon-type brackets (whose manufacturer claims that they eliminate the need for extraction in some patients). This orthodontist's web page talks a little bit about why he feels Damon brackets help eliminate some extractions.", "Extractions in Children. Extraction in children is not advocated. Extraction for braces treatment is usually done in adults. Growth in children is still taking place and additional options can be looked for in them apart from pulling out the tooth. When the space required is less than 5mms but more than 2.5mm, then second bicuspids are removed and when the space required is more than 5mms, then first bicuspids are removed. Extraction of second bicuspids for Braces Treatment. The teeth must be symmetrical.", "Please try again later. Often orthodontists in order to make room when the amount of space required to align the teeth is less than the space available, either the size of the arches must be increased or the number (or size) of teeth reduced, therefore a lot of times lower and upper premolars are extracted. ", "The teeth most frequently removed for orthodontic reasons are the first bicuspid (premolar) teeth. These are the teeth right between the cuspid or eyeteeth (under the eyes) and the molar teeth (the biggest back teeth). In some cases premolar teeth can be removed without sacrificing future cosmetics or function. The first important phase of orthodontic treatment (“ortho” – to straighten, “dont” – tooth) is figuring out what needs to be done. Treatment often involves removing teeth to relieve crowding.", "Which Teeth And Why. The first important phase of orthodontic treatment (“ortho” – to straighten, “dont” – tooth) is figuring out what needs to be done. Treatment often involves removing teeth to relieve crowding.", "Before and After. Here at Beach Braces we understand that nobody wants to have permanent teeth extracted as part of their orthodontic treatment. Dr. Dask's first choice is to treat a case without extracting permanent teeth. Patient presented with two missing lower teeth and an impacted upper eye-tooth. Upper and lower braces and two upper premolar extractions were used to idealize the alignment and correct the bite. The gaps from the lower missing teeth were closed without the need for prosthetic teeth.", "Extractions in conjugation with the braces treatment are not new. To establish straight teeth in functional occlusion, extraction of teeth is required. The crookedness of the teeth and the age of the patient may be the important factors in deciding whether extraction is required or not. When the space required is less than 5mms but more than 2.5mm, then second bicuspids are removed and when the space required is more than 5mms, then first bicuspids are removed. Extraction of second bicuspids for Braces Treatment. The teeth must be symmetrical.", "Cindy, Normally when extraction is done for ortho treatment, first premolars are extracted but in your case, it seems that on one side second premolar has to be pulled out. It may be due to some space calculation. It cannot be commented upon with seeing case, xrays etc. When the space required is less than 5mms but more than 2.5mm, then second bicuspids are removed and when the space required is more than 5mms, then first bicuspids are removed. Extraction of second bicuspids for Braces Treatment. The teeth must be symmetrical.", "Figure 3: This case presented with missing upper first premolars and lower right third molar, with vertically impacted lower second premolars. Full size image (28 KB). (a) Both lower first molars are heavily filled and would be ideal for extraction to allow eruption of the second premolars. However the missing third molar on the right resulted in extraction of the lower right first premolar and the lower left first molar. Premolars are often ideal for the relief of both anterior and posterior crowding, the first and second premolars have similar crown forms, which means that an acceptable contact point can be achieved between the remaining premolar and the adjacent molar and canine." ], "url": [ "http://www.nature.com/bdj/journal/v196/n4/full/4810979a.html", "http://www.archwired.com/Extractions_for_Braces.htm", "http://www.identalhub.com/dental-getting-teeth-pulled-out-for-braces-treatment-876.aspx", "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DmtnojMC5qY", "http://www.deardoctor.com/inside-the-magazine/issue-19/tooth-removal-for-orthodontic-reasons/", "http://www.deardoctor.com/inside-the-magazine/issue-19/tooth-removal-for-orthodontic-reasons/", "http://www.beachbraces.ca/before-and-after", "http://www.identalhub.com/dental-getting-teeth-pulled-out-for-braces-treatment-876.aspx", "http://www.identalhub.com/dental-getting-teeth-pulled-out-for-braces-treatment-876.aspx", "http://www.nature.com/bdj/journal/v196/n4/full/4810979a.html" ] }

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[ "$40 to as much as $400." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "For an average dining room chair that is mostly hard-backed and wooden, one that you only need to have the seat and back redone, you are looking at a cost of around $80 to $150 based on what kind of fabric you want and where you go to have it done. Overall, reupholstering a chair can be expensive but the finished product is worth it. When you see how new and fresh the chair looks when it is finished, you will be amazed. Just make sure that you find an experienced and affordable shop to go to for your reupholstering needs. How Much Does a Window Cost.", "1 The common dining chair usually costs $40 to $45 for the seat or back only, while a dining chair seat and back that will be reupholstered can cost anywhere from $85 to $175. 1 On average, chair reupholstery can cost anywhere from $40 to as much as $400. 2 Various factors can affect the price of chair reupholstery. 3 The main factors are the type of chair, its shape, and the material that is used to fix the chair.", "Submit. · just now. Report Abuse. That depends a lot on-how much of the chair is upholstered-whether or not it has a simple seat or sewn with welting-the type of material you want on it-if you need to replace the foam, or redo webbing and stuffing-etc. etc. etc. ", "Get an idea of how much fabric you will need and go to the store for the materials yourself. You can often find budget fabric or something on clearance that you will fall in love with. Fabric doesn’t have to be $100 a yard for it to steal your heart. Overall, reupholstering a chair can be expensive but the finished product is worth it. When you see how new and fresh the chair looks when it is finished, you will be amazed. Just make sure that you find an experienced and affordable shop to go to for your reupholstering needs. How Much Does a Window Cost.", "1 For example, a barrel back chair’s reupholstery price can be anywhere from $275 to $325. 2 The common dining chair usually costs $40 to $45 for the seat or back only, while a dining chair seat and back that will be reupholstered can cost anywhere from $85 to $175. 1 On average, chair reupholstery can cost anywhere from $40 to as much as $400. 2 Various factors can affect the price of chair reupholstery. 3 The main factors are the type of chair, its shape, and the material that is used to fix the chair.", "Each of the above chairs will cost $500 to reupholster. Each will require 5 yards of fabric. The fabric we like is $110/yard retail (I’m not factoring in a designer discount for this post, since it varies.) That’s a cool $2,000 to re-do these chairs. ", "You'll be looking at approximately $400 for one chair. Usually seven yards of fabric is a good amount, but again, chairs vary in size so be sure to get an estimate first. Wood chairs (such as dining room chairs) can cost anywhere from $100 to $250 to have the seats redone. It depends on whether or not you want to have trim or other details. (If they're pop out seats it's significantly cheaper – and it's really easy to do it yourself!). (Also make sure that the fabric you buy is durable enough to use for furniture upholstery – you don't want anything too thin). All of the same considerations should apply to loveseats. Keep in mind the cost will be a bit lower. Labor should be approximately $500 and you'll need roughly 14 yards of fabric.", "How much is it? 1 On average, chair reupholstery can cost anywhere from $40 to as much as $400. 2 For example, a barrel back chair’s reupholstery price can be anywhere from $275 to $325. 3 Reclining chairs that need to be reupholstered can cost anywhere from $300 to $435. 4 For example, CorrectionEnterprises.com provides reupholstery services and they ... 1 On average, chair reupholstery can cost anywhere from $40 to as much as $400. 2 Various factors can affect the price of chair reupholstery. 3 The main factors are the type of chair, its shape, and the material that is used to fix the chair.", "After you have the chair that you want reupholstered, you need to figure out how much material it will take to cover the chair. If it is a larger chair or it requires the entire piece to be covered with material, then it will obviously cost more. Overall, reupholstering a chair can be expensive but the finished product is worth it. When you see how new and fresh the chair looks when it is finished, you will be amazed. Just make sure that you find an experienced and affordable shop to go to for your reupholstering needs. How Much Does a Window Cost." ], "url": [ "http://ehowmuchdoesitcost.org/cost-to-reupholster-a-chair/", "http://www.howmuchisit.org/chair-reupholstery-cost/", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080617172150AAGrzIP", "http://ehowmuchdoesitcost.org/cost-to-reupholster-a-chair/", "http://www.howmuchisit.org/chair-reupholstery-cost/", "http://bossycolor.com/thinking-about-reupholstering-theres/", "http://interiordec.about.com/od/faqsonfurniture/a/Furniture-Upholstery-What-Does-It-Cost.htm", "http://www.howmuchisit.org/chair-reupholstery-cost/", "http://ehowmuchdoesitcost.org/cost-to-reupholster-a-chair/" ] }

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[ "American meaning is noble and Latin Meaning is Regal, noble." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Spanish Meaning: The name Patricia is a Spanish baby name. In Spanish the meaning of the name Patricia is: noble. American Meaning: The name Patricia is an American baby name. In American the meaning of the name Patricia is: noble. Latin Meaning: The name Patricia is a Latin baby name. In Latin the meaning of the name Patricia is: Regal; noble.", "Meaning of Patricia. Spanish name. In Spanish, the name Patricia means-Noble.. Other origins for the name Patricia include-Spanish, Latin-American.The name Patricia is most often used as a girl name or female name. Spanish Name Meaning-Noble.", "Patricia /pa-tri-cia/ [3 sylls.] as a girls' name (also used less commonly as boys' name Patricia) is pronounced pa-TRISH-ah. It is of Latin origin, and the meaning of Patricia is noble; patrician . Feminine of Patrick.", "Patricia /pa-tri-cia/ [3 sylls.] as a name for boys (also used more regularly as girls' name Patricia). Patricia's name origin is Latin, and the meaning of the name Patricia is patrician, noble. Patricia is an alternate spelling of Patrick (Latin): the Latin original. Compare last name Patrich. Kreatif forms: Peatricia, Petricia, Potricia." ], "url": [ "http://www.sheknows.com/baby-names/name/patricia", "http://www.meaning-of-names.com/spanish-names/patricia.asp", "http://www.thinkbabynames.com/meaning/0/Patricia", "http://www.thinkbabynames.com/meaning/1/Patricia" ] }

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[ "It has over 700 species of plants and animals that can only be found there. The Daintree is the home of the biggest conifer in the world, which is the bull kauri.he Daintree is home to many different plants and animals. Many of the species are endemic to the rainforest, which means they can only be found here." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The Daintree is a tropical rainforest in Queensland, Australia. It is listed as a World Heritage Area, and has over 700 species of plants and animals that can only be found there. The Daintree is the home of the biggest conifer in the world, which is the bull kauri. The Daintree is home to many different plants and animals. Many of the species are endemic to the rainforest, which means they can only be found here. We will look at some of the mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians and fish that are found in the Daintree.", "A rainforest is a forest differentiated by high levels of precipitation-normally a minimum of at least 68-78 inches (172-198 cm) annually. Rainforests tend to have fairly mild and/or warm climates and feature the highest levels of biodiversity in the world. The largest in tact tropical rainforest in the world is in the Amazon River Basin. Tropical rainforests form in these locations because they are within the ITCZ, which provides the warm temperatures common in the forests. Due to the temperatures and plant growth, transpiration rates are high.", "The Daintree Rainforest is a tropical rainforest region on the north east coast of Queensland, Australia north of Mossman and Cairns. At around 1,200 km2 the Daintree is the largest continuous area of tropical rainforest on the Australian continent. Along the coastline north of the Daintree River, tropical rainforest grows right down to the edge of the sea.", "There are two types of rainforest: tropical rainforest and temperate rainforest. The monsoon trough, alternatively known as the intertropical convergence zone, plays a significant role in creating the climatic conditions necessary for the Earth 's tropical rainforests. The undergrowth in some areas of a rainforest can be restricted by poor penetration of sunlight to ground level. If the leaf canopy is destroyed or thinned, the ground beneath is soon colonized by a dense, tangled growth of vines, shrubs and small trees, called a jungle.", "10 Biggest Rainforests in the World. While we are on the subject of gardens, I thought of compiling a list that talks about ‘gardens’, basically plants, on a whole other level. Now, a garden is a place where you can spend some quality time with your family and friends, but these rainforests are no joke. It is a very important biological site in the world and is home to more than 4,500 species of flora and fauna including 100 different species of mammals. Tourists are very attracted to this particular destination. Each year thousands of climbers and visitors come to this park for their respective purposes.", "Tropical and temperate rainforests share certain characteristics. For example, most trees flare at the base. Vegetation is dense, tall and very green. Both types of rainforests are rich in plant and animal species, although the diversity is greater in the tropical rainforest. Montane forests are found in mountainous areas and may contain plants such as oaks, rhododendrons, and pines, which are characteristic of temperate deciduous forests", "Slash and burn agriculture and other clear cutting are common in many tropical rainforest areas. As a result of human activities in rainforests, many areas have lost a significant portion of their forests and hundreds of plant and animal species are being driven to extinction. The largest in tact tropical rainforest in the world is in the Amazon River Basin. Tropical rainforests form in these locations because they are within the ITCZ, which provides the warm temperatures common in the forests. Due to the temperatures and plant growth, transpiration rates are high.", "More than half of the world's species of plants and animals are found in the rainforest. Rainforests support a very broad array of fauna, including mammals, reptiles, birds and invertebrates. Mammals may include primates, felids and other families. The undergrowth in some areas of a rainforest can be restricted by poor penetration of sunlight to ground level. If the leaf canopy is destroyed or thinned, the ground beneath is soon colonized by a dense, tangled growth of vines, shrubs and small trees, called a jungle.", "The majority are found in Central and South America, but tropical rainforests also exist in Southeast Asia, eastern Australia, and central Africa (map of locations) . The largest in tact tropical rainforest in the world is in the Amazon River Basin. Tropical rainforests form in these locations because they are within the ITCZ, which provides the warm temperatures common in the forests. Due to the temperatures and plant growth, transpiration rates are high.", "A tropical rainforest typically has a number of layers, each with different plants and animals adapted for life in that particular area. Examples include the emergent, canopy, understorey and forest floor layers. The undergrowth in some areas of a rainforest can be restricted by poor penetration of sunlight to ground level. If the leaf canopy is destroyed or thinned, the ground beneath is soon colonized by a dense, tangled growth of vines, shrubs and small trees, called a jungle." ], "url": [ "http://www.skwirk.com/p-c_s-1_u-20_t-205_c-688/nsw/hsie/global-environments-rainforests/flora-and-fauna/the-daintree-a-tropical-rainforest", "http://geography.about.com/od/climate/a/rainforests.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daintree_Rainforest", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rainforest", "http://www.smashinglists.com/biggest-rainforests/", "http://www.mbgnet.net/sets/rforest/types.htm", "http://geography.about.com/od/climate/a/rainforests.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rainforest", "http://geography.about.com/od/climate/a/rainforests.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rainforest" ] }

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[ "59 67 f" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "The warmest month of the year is July with an average maximum temperature of 94.10 degrees Fahrenheit, while the coldest month of the year is December with an average minimum temperature of 31.10 degrees Fahrenheit. Temperature variations between night and day tend to be relatively big during summer with a difference that can reach 38 degrees Fahrenheit, and moderate during winter with an average difference of 25 degrees Fahrenheit. The annual average precipitation at Angels Camp is 32.48 Inches. Winter months tend to be wetter than summer months. The wettest month of the year is January with an average rainfall of 6.39 Inches", "139 42 the heating cost index and the cooling cost index are indicators of the relative heating and cooling cost of an area they were calculated based on the average temperate and duration of the hot and cold days for the area please note the actual heating cost and cooling cost are also dependent on other factors specific to individual residences such as the size of the house the insulation condition and the equipment efficiency etc", "Weather history for Angels Camp, California, United States. Weather in Angels Camp today. Weather history in other popular US cities: New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, Houston, Philadelphia, Phoenix, San Diego.", "Low 31 34 36 38 45 51 56 55 51 44 36 31 Mean 44 46 48 54 61 68 76 75 68 60 48 44 Avg. Precip. 5.6 in 5.0 in 5.3 in 2.7 in 0.8 in 0.3 in 0.1 in 0.3 in 0.6 in 1.8 in 4.8 in 4.6 in Degrees in Fahrenheit Angels Camp Hotels Copyright 2008 countrystudies.us. ", "CLIMATE OVERVIEW. Angels Camp (zip 95222), California, gets 31 inches of rain per year. The US average is 37. Snowfall is 0 inches. The average US city gets 25 inches of snow per year. The number of days with any measurable precipitation is 76. On average, there are 261 sunny days per year in Angels Camp (zip 95222), California. The July high is around 96 degrees. The January low is 38. Our comfort index, which is based on humidity during the hot months, is a 57 out of 100, where higher is more comfortable. The US average on the comfort index is 44", "Angels Camp, CA Weather. Angels Camp, CA climate is warm during summer when temperatures tend to be in the 70's and cold during winter when temperatures tend to be in the 40's. Temperature variations between night and day tend to be relatively big during summer with a difference that can reach 38 degrees Fahrenheit, and moderate during winter with an average difference of 25 degrees Fahrenheit. The annual average precipitation at Angels Camp is 32.48 Inches. Winter months tend to be wetter than summer months. The wettest month of the year is January with an average rainfall of 6.39 Inche", "13 54 mph u s 16 93 mph the temperature snow fall and precipitation information on this page were calculated from the historical data of 18000 u s weather stations for the period of time from 1980 to 2010 please note the actual heating cost and cooling cost are also dependent on other factors specific to individual residences such as the size of the house the insulation condition and the equipment efficiency etc", "the average temperature of angels camp is 59 67 f which is lower than the california average temperature of 61 17 f and is much higher than the national average temperature of 54 45 f please note the actual heating cost and cooling cost are also dependent on other factors specific to individual residences such as the size of the house the insulation condition and the equipment efficiency etc" ], "url": [ "http://www.idcide.com/weather/ca/angels-camp.htm", "http://www.usa.com/angels-camp-ca-weather.htm", "http://www.meoweather.com/history/United%20States/na/38.0683333/-120.5386111/Angels%20Camp.html", "http://countrystudies.us/united-states/weather/California/angels-camp.htm", "http://www.bestplaces.net/climate/zip-code/california/angels_camp/95222", "http://www.idcide.com/weather/ca/angels-camp.htm", "http://www.usa.com/angels-camp-ca-weather.htm", "http://www.usa.com/angels-camp-ca-weather.htm" ] }

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[ "A water molecule." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Best Answer: A polar covalent bond is a bond between two non-metals with different electronegativities. Only bonds between the same elements are truly nonpolar. The higher the difference in electronegativity, the more polar the bond is. Take a look at this table of electronegavities and let's try some examples. http://www.tutor-homework.com/Chemistry_... If an electron pair is 50/50 shared between two atoms, then the bond is non-polar, and covalent. If the electron pair moves a bit towards the more electronegative atom of the pair, it becomes polar covalent. If the pair moves completely to one end (big electronegativity difference) the bond is called ionic", "By Anne Marie Helmenstine, Ph.D. Polar Bond Definition: A polar bond is a covalent bond between two atoms where the electrons forming the bond are unequally distributed. This causes the molecule to have a slight electrical dipole moment where one end is slightly positive and the other is slightly negative", "In this lesson you learned about two types of bonds: nonpolar covalent and polar covalent. Nonpolar covalent bonds are a type of chemical bond where two atoms share a pair of electrons with each other. Polar covalent bonding is a type of chemical bond where a pair of electrons is unequally shared between two atoms. In a polar covalent bond, the electrons are not equally shared because one atom spends more time with the electrons than the other atom. They are not equally sharing the toys. This unequal sharing also happens with a type of bond called polar covalent bonding. Polar covalent bonding is a type of chemical bond where a pair of electrons is unequally shared between two atoms.", "A water molecule, abbreviated as H2O, is an example of a polar covalent bond. The electrons are unequally shared, with the oxygen atom spending more time with electrons than the hydrogen atoms. Since electrons spend more time with the oxygen atom, it carries a partial negative charge. Another example of a polar covalent bond is between a hydrogen and chlorine atoms. In this bond, the chlorine atom spends more time with the electrons than the hydrogen atom. They are not equally sharing the toys. This unequal sharing also happens with a type of bond called polar covalent bonding. Polar covalent bonding is a type of chemical bond where a pair of electrons is unequally shared between two atoms. In a polar covalent bond, the electrons are not equally shared because one atom spends more time with the electrons than the other", "Water is not the only molecule that can have polor covalent bonds. Examples of other molecules that have polar covalent bonds are Peptide bonds and amines. The biological consequence of polar covalent bonds is that these kinds of bonds can lead to the formation of a weak bond called a hydrogen bond.", "Polar covalent bonds are a particular type of covalent bond. In a polar covalent bond, the electrons shared by the atoms spend a greater amount of time, on the average, closer to the Oxygen nucleus than the Hydrogen nucleus. This is because of the geometry of the molecule and the great electronegativity difference between the Hydrogen atom and the Oxygen atom. Examples of other molecules that have polar covalent bonds are Peptide bonds and amines. The biological consequence of polar covalent bonds is that these kinds of bonds can lead to the formation of a weak bond called a hydrogen bond.", "Nonpolar covalent bonds, with equal sharing of the bond electrons, arise when the electronegativities of the two atoms are equal. The greater the electronegativity difference, the more ionic the bond is. Bonds that are partly ionic are called polar covalent bonds. Nonpolar covalent bonds. 1 A bond between 2 nonmetal atoms that have the same electronegativity and therefore have equal sharing of the bonding electron pair." ], "url": [ "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090917142814AAUQ1mD", "http://chemistry.about.com/od/chemistryglossary/g/Polar-Bond-Definition.htm", "http://study.com/academy/lesson/polar-and-nonpolar-covalent-bonds-definitions-and-examples.html", "http://study.com/academy/lesson/polar-and-nonpolar-covalent-bonds-definitions-and-examples.html", "http://academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu/biology/bio4fv/page/polar_c.htm", "http://academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu/biology/bio4fv/page/polar_c.htm", "http://users.stlcc.edu/gkrishnan/polar.html" ] }

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[ "It is spread through the exchange (e.g., by kissing) of respiratory and throat secretions (e.g., saliva or mucus)." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Meningitis is most often caused by a bacterial or viral infection. It also may be caused by a fungal infection, parasite, a reaction to certain medications or medical treatments, a rheumatologic disease such as lupus, some types of cancer, or a traumatic injury to the head or spine. Bacterial meningitis is a rare but potentially fatal disease. It can be caused by several types of bacteria that first cause an upper respiratory tract infection and then travel through the blood stream to the brain. The disease can also occur when certain bacteria invade the meninges directly", "The organisms that cause meningitis are usually spread by close contact with persons who may be carrying the infection, or by touching infected objects such as doorknobs, hard surfaces, or toys and then touching the nose, mouth, or eyes. Meningitis is usually caused by a bacterial or viral infection that invades the cerebral spinal fluid (CSF). Cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) is the fluid within the open spaces of the brain that protect and cushion the brain and spinal cord. A fungus or parasite may also cause meningitis.", "Viral meningitis. Viral meningitis is the most common and the least dangerous. It's caused by viruses, most often enteroviruses that live in the intestines. These viruses can be spread through food, water, or contaminated objects. Meningitis caused by enteroviruses occurs most often in babies and young children. 1 Through kissing, sexual contact, or contact with infected blood. 2 Some viruses also can cause meningitis and can be passed from an infected person to another person through blood, sexual contact, or kissing. 3 From eating certain foods. 4 Eating food contaminated with Listeria monocytogenes bacteria can cause meningitis", "The two main causes of meningitis are viruses and bacteria. Common bacteria or viruses may cause infection in a part of the body -- the skin, gastrointestinal tract, or respiratory tract, for instance. They then may spread through the bloodstream to the nervous system. ", "Viral meningitis. Viral meningitis is the most common and the least dangerous. It's caused by viruses, most often enteroviruses that live in the intestines. These viruses can be spread through food, water, or contaminated objects. Meningitis caused by enteroviruses occurs most often in babies and young children.", "Most meningitis is caused by bacteria and viruses that often live in our bodies. Usually these germs stay in the intestines or in the nose and throat, where they may or may not make us sick. But if they spread to the tissues (meninges) that surround the brain and spinal cord, they cause inflammation. It's caused by viruses, most often enteroviruses that live in the intestines. These viruses can be spread through food, water, or contaminated objects. Meningitis caused by enteroviruses occurs most often in babies and young children.", "The germs that cause bacterial meningitis can be contagious. Some bacteria can spread through the exchange (e.g., by kissing) of respiratory and throat secretions (e.g., saliva or mucus). Fortunately, most of the bacteria that cause meningitis are not as contagious as viruses that cause the common cold or the flu. Also, the bacteria are not spread by casual contact or by simply breathing the air where a person with meningitis has been. Other meningitis-causing bacteria are not spread person-to-person, but can cause disease because the person has certain risk factors (such as a weak immune system or head trauma). Unlike other bacterial causes of meningitis, you can get Listeria monocytogenes by eating contaminated food" ], "url": [ "http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/encephalitis_meningitis/detail_encephalitis_meningitis.htm", "http://www.chw.org/medical-care/neuroscience/conditions/meningitis/", "http://www.emedicinehealth.com/meningitis-health/page2_em.htm", "http://www.webmd.com/children/vaccines/meningitis-12-frequently-asked-questions", "http://www.webmd.com/children/vaccines/tc/meningitis-cause", "http://www.webmd.com/children/vaccines/tc/meningitis-cause", "http://www.cdc.gov/meningitis/bacterial.html" ] }

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[ "Instaflex is a revolutionary joint health formula that has been scientifically formulated to help relieve stiff, achy joints and support cartilage repair." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Instaflex is a revolutionary joint health formula that has been scientifically formulated to help relieve stiff, achy joints and support cartilage repair. Featuring an exclusive compound of eight key ingredients that have been clinically tested for maximum effectiveness. ", "Instaflex is a revolutionary joint health formula that has been scientifically formulated to help relieve stiff, achy joints and support cartilage repair. Featuring an exclusive compound of eight key ingredients that have been clinically tested for maximum effectiveness. ", "Instaflex Overview. The Instaflex product is a brand of joint pain reliever that is sold online, directly from the manufacturer and also from independent retailers. ", "Start living healthier with Instaflex. Instaflex is a leading health and active lifestyle brand. All of our products feature proprietary formulas that have been carefully researched and crafted with the highest quality ingredients. Learn about or purchase our products online or at any GNC store nationwide. Proud Sponsor. Instaflex is a proud sponsor of the Arthritis Foundation. A portion of the proceeds from Instaflex sales, with a minimum contribution of $25,000, are donated to the Arthritis Foundation, the largest non-for-profit contributor to arthritis research in the world.", "Walking, stair climbing and even getting out of bed can cause pain. Instaflex Joint Support is a revolutionary formula designed to support joints. It has eight key ingredients to help relieve achy, stiff joints. It also supports repair of cartilage. Using Instaflex daily can help make daily activities a pleasure", "Instaflex Overview. Instaflex is a brand of joint pain relieving supplement that, as the name suggests, works quickly to help improve flexibility and reduce stiffness. The Instaflex website contains information about the brand and is also the only place to purchase the product. This brand has been endorsed by a celebrity spokesman (pro football player Doug Flutie) and the site also contains a number of reviews from satisfied customers. The Instaflex formula is a fairly standard for a joint pain product, relying heavily on Glucosamine as its main active ingredient. While there are eight active ingredients, which are all listed on the Instaflex website, none are explained in much detail, although the amounts included in the blend are shown.", "Instaflex is a leading health and active lifestyle brand. All of our products feature proprietary formulas that have been carefully researched and crafted with the highest quality ingredients. Proud Sponsor. Instaflex is a proud sponsor of the Arthritis Foundation. A portion of the proceeds from Instaflex sales, with a minimum contribution of $25,000, are donated to the Arthritis Foundation, the largest non-for-profit contributor to arthritis research in the world.", "Product Label Instaflex Joint Support is a revolutionary joint health formula that has been scientifically formulated to help relieve stiff, achy joints and support cartilage repair. Featuring an exclusive compound of eight key ingredients that have been clinically tested for maximum effectiveness. ", "Instaflex is a joint supplement that is designed for relieving stiffness and joint pain. It is made by the MA researchers of Cambridge. It is important to use it regularly for increasing the free mobility and activeness in your life. It is a combination of 8 ingredients that are effective for maintaining joint health. Instaflex joint support works with the help of its eight key ingredients. It includes Glucosamine, MSM, White Willow Bark extract, Ginger, Hyaluronic acid, Turmeric Root Extract, Cayenne Pepper and Boswellia Serrata extract. It helps to make the joints flexible and improves" ], "url": [ "http://www.walgreens.com/store/c/instaflex-joint-support%2c-capsules/ID=prod6167673-product", "http://www.drugstore.com/instaflex-joint-support-capsules/qxp290722", "https://www.dailyhealthanswers.com/instaflex-reviewed.html", "https://www.instaflex.com/", "http://www.webhealthanswers.com/instaflex-reviews.html", "https://www.consumerhealthdigest.com/joint-pain-product-reviews/instaflex.html", "https://www.instaflex.com/", "http://www.vitaminshoppe.com/p/instaflex-instaflex-joint-support-90-capsules/dg-1002", "http://www.sparkpeople.com/mypage_public_journal_individual.asp?blog_id=5552010" ] }

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[ "Original Design Manufacturer" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1. ODM stands for original Design Manufacturing, and OEM refers to Original Equipment Manufacturing. 2. An OEM company is responsible for designing and building a product according to their own specifications, and then selling the product to another company or firm, which is responsible for its distribution.", "ODM means Original Design Manufacturer. the products made by the company will be sold and branded by the other company. I see so many companies titled with ODM in their Company Profile, but I do not know what does that mean.", "Original Design Manufacturer. When you find ODM, it refers to the a company that is the original design manufacturer. These companies design and manufacture a product that is eventually sold by another company with that company’s brand.", "I really don't understand. ODM means Original Design Equipments means design are given by A company and produce by B company. they will be branded and sold by company A. I see so many companies titled with ODM in their Company Profile, but I do not know what does that mean.", "An original design manufacturer (ODM) is a company which designs and manufactures a product which is specified and eventually branded by another firm for sale. Such companies allow the brand firm to produce (either as a supplement or solely) without having to engage in the organization or running of a factory.", "The term OEM stands for Original Equipment Manufacturer. What does that really mean? It means that the part was made by a company that is a subcontractor to a vehicle manufacturer. It DOES NOT mean the part was made by th", "Both the terms ODM and OEM are related to the manufacturing industry. ODM stands for Original Design Manufacturing, and OEM refers to Original Equipment Manufacturing. It is quite confusing to see the difference between the two, as they are very similar.", "I'm new to watch manufacturing and i wanted to know what OEM and ODM means. I have a small watch company that is growing and I'm looking for a manufacturer to make more time pieces for business under my brand." ], "url": [ "http://www.differencebetween.net/miscellaneous/difference-between-odm-and-oem/", "http://resources.alibaba.com/topic/801096052/what_does_ODM_mean_.htm", "http://www.ehow.com/facts_7200645_definition-oem-odm.html", "http://resources.alibaba.com/topic/801096052/what_does_ODM_mean_.htm", "http://rockleighindustries.com/oem-odm-manufacturing.html", "http://www.ebay.com/gds/What-does-O-E-M-really-mean-/10000000006279812/g.html", "http://www.differencebetween.net/miscellaneous/difference-between-odm-and-oem/", "http://forums.watchuseek.com/f77/what-does-oem-odm-mean-watch-manufacturing-534074.html" ] }

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[ "A firm in which investors pool their funds to allow for diversification and professional management." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Investment Company. A company that provides investment advisory services and/or operates mutual funds. An investment company that operates mutual funds allows its clients to carry greater or lesser risk, depending on their particular investment goals. The investment company may or may not actively manage mutual funds", "DEFINITION of 'Investment Company'. A corporation or trust engaged in the business of investing the pooled capital of investors in financial securities. This is most often done either through a closed-end fund or an open-end fund (also referred to as a mutual fund). BREAKING DOWN 'Investment Company'. Investment companies are business entities, both privately and publicly owned, that manage, sell, and market funds to the public.", "DEFINITION of 'Management Investment Company'. A formal name for a company that sells and manages a portfolio of securities. A management investment company is one of the three fundamental types of investment companies, the other two being unit investment trusts and face-amount certificate companies. BREAKING DOWN 'Management Investment Company'. A management investment company is headed by a CEO, a team of officers and a board of directors. These company leaders choose the types of investment products the company will offer, define the fund's objectives and select the people who will run each fund.", "Related Terms. 1 regulated investment company. 2 Shareholder Communications Improvement Act. 3 open-end fund. 4 defined portfolio. 5 custodian. 6 forward pricing. 7 institutional investor. 8 oil stabilization fund. 9 SBIC. 10 net realized capital gains per share. URL to this page: http://www.investorwords.com/2609/investment_company.html. Copyright © 2015 by WebFinance, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Reproduction of all or part of this glossary, in any format, without the written consent of WebFinance, Inc. is prohibited.", "investment company. A firm in which investors pool their funds to allow for diversification and professional management. Because individual firms often specialize in particular types of investments, the potential returns and risks vary considerably among firms. For example, a single investment company might offer an aggressive-growth fund, a growth and income fund, a US Treasury bond fund, and a money market fund. Or a closed-end investment company might offer an international fund focused on a single country, such as Ireland, or a region, such as Latin America.", "comments. The IRS has an investment company definition that is straightforward. According to the IRS, an investment company is any company with greater than 50% of its assets as investments. This definition, however, is quite general. There are subcategories of investment companies that are more specific. ", "Download: Dataline: Investment companies – FASB modifies definition of an investment company. On June 7, the FASB issued ASU 2013-08, Financial Services—Investment Companies (Topic 946): Amendments to the Scope, Measurement and Disclosure Requirements. At a glance. On June 7, 2013, the FASB issued amendments to ASC 946 that modify the definition of an investment company under US GAAP. This Dataline looks at the key aspects of the new guidance and shares our insights on applying it.", "Definition of INVESTMENT COMPANY. : a company whose primary business is holding securities of other companies purely for investment purposes — compare holding company. ADVERTISEMENT. Britannica.com: Encyclopedia article about investment company" ], "url": [ "http://financial-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Investment+companies", "http://www.investopedia.com/terms/i/investmentcompany.asp", "http://www.investopedia.com/terms/m/management-investment-company.asp", "http://www.investorwords.com/2609/investment_company.html", "http://financial-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/investment+company", "http://www.finweb.com/investing/what-is-the-definition-of-an-investment-company.html", "http://www.pwc.com/us/en/cfodirect/publications/in-depth/2013-14-fasb-modifies-definition-of-an-investment-company.html", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/investment%20company" ] }

[]

[ "2 years", "12 months" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Hard credit pulls. Helpful to 145 out of 162 people. Hard pulls stay on your credit report for 2 years, but they do not affect your score after 12 months. As a practical matter, they really don't have all that much of an impact on your credit IF the rest of your profile is good. I have had 12 (you read right!) hard inquiries in the past 13 months. ", "In addition, FICO Scores look on your credit report for rate-shopping inquiries older than 30 days. If your FICO Scores find some, your scores will consider inquiries that fall in a typical shopping period as just one inquiry. If you need a loan, do your rate shopping within a focused period of time, such as 30 days. FICO Scores distinguish between a search for a single loan and a search for many new credit lines, in part by the length of time over which inquiries occur. Generally, people with high FICO Scores consistently: 1 Pay bills on time", "Hard inquiries stay on credit reports for two years, but the length of time they impact the score depends on the scoring model used. VantageScore takes them into account generally as long as they remain on the consumer's credit file, according to Davies. Multiple inquiries generated when rate-shopping for a mortgage, auto or student loan are consolidated by credit scoring models when done within a certain window of time. The FICO scoring model ignores mortgage, auto and student loan inquiries in the 30 days prior to scoring.", "Instead of asking how long credit inquiries stay on your credit report, you really should be more concerned with how long they affect your credit score. With “soft” inquiries, there is absolutely no negative impact to your credit score, so they should not be a concern. AJ, hard pulls like these are now considered one inquiry. As long as they are all pulled within a reasonable amount of time (usually 30 days), they should not affect your credit score very much. They now allow people to shop for the best rates when purchasing a car or home.", "For these types of loans, FICO Scores ignore inquiries made in the 30 days prior to scoring. So, if you find a loan within 30 days, the inquiries won't affect your scores while you're rate shopping. In addition, FICO Scores look on your credit report for mortgage, auto, and student loan inquiries older than 30 days. If you need a loan, do your rate shopping within a focused period of time, such as 30 days. FICO Scores distinguish between a search for a single loan and a search for many new credit lines, in part by the length of time over which inquiries occur. Generally, people with high FICO Scores consistently: 1 Pay bills on time", "portland or hard credit inquiries can only affect your fico score for a maximum of 12 months usually if they have any impact it will be primarily in the first 6 months they will drop off your credit report after 2 years the exact impact inquiries have on your score depends on a number of factors ", "Each of these types of credit checks count as a single inquiry. One exception occurs when you are rate shopping. That's a smart thing to do, and your FICO score considers all inquiries within a 45 period for a mortgage, an auto loan or a student loan as a single inquiry. 1 Time since recent account opening(s), by type of account. 2 Time since credit inquiry(ies). 3 A FICO score does not take into account any involuntary inquiries made by businesses with whom you did not apply for credit, inquiries from employers, or your own requests to see your credit report.", "There are two kinds of inquiries that can occur on your credit report: hard inquiries and soft inquiries. While both types of credit inquiries enable a third party, such as you or a lender, to view your credit report, only a hard inquiry can negatively affect your credit score. " ], "url": [ "https://www.creditkarma.com/question/how-long-do-hard-inquiries-stay-on-your-report", "http://www.myfico.com/CreditEducation/CreditChecks/Inquiries.aspx", "http://www.bankrate.com/finance/credit-cards/how-credit-inquiries-affect-credit-score.aspx", "http://creditcardforum.com/blog/how-long-do-credit-inquiries-stay-on-your-credit-report/", "http://www.myfico.com/CreditEducation/CreditChecks/Inquiries.aspx", "https://www.nerdwallet.com/ask/question/how-long-do-hard-inquiries-impact-my-credit-score-817", "http://www.myfico.com/crediteducation/Questions/Inquiry-Credit-Score.aspx", "https://www.creditkarma.com/article/hard_inquiries_and_soft_inquiries" ] }

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[ "$ 259 99 and $ 548 02" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "jenny craig has an enrollment fee of about $ 360 plus the ongoing cost of jenny craig food which is about $ 100 a week nutrisystem has no enrollment fee the food costs about $ 230 per month plus purchase of any recommended vegetables", "the nutrisystem diet for $ 259 per month plus an extra $ 100 for add in items such as dairy and fresh vegetables nutrisystem delivers all meals a mix of frozen and pantry ready foods to your front door", "nutrisystem plans range between $ 259 99 and $ 548 02 per month if you want the tastier frozen meals 1 per day in addtion to the shelf stable options you must opt for the pricier nutrisystem uniquely yours plans", "on nutrisystem you can expect to lose at least 12 pounds a month so losing 25 pounds in two months is feasible says meredith bandy coordinator of nutrisystem s public relations and marketing to lose those extra 25 pounds would cost about $ 718", "by the month plan on spending anywhere from as little as $ 230 for a basic package to as much as $ 550 for a premium package according to bestdiettips com they claim that the program will cost anywhere from $ 229 to $ 535 per month", "that works out at just $ 10 per day if you want the top plan select which includes fresh frozen meals and ice cream desserts it will cost you $ 329 99 per month or $ 11 79 per day with auto delivery", "you have to look at it like this consider that on average most americans tend to spend around $ 25 to $ 35 per day on meals there is your ballpark figure to get you started take the total cost of the nutrisystem diet home delivery program which varies depending upon which plan you opt for", "nutrisystem weight loss program can cost a person anywhere from $ 200 00 a month to $ 395 00 this includes all your meals for 30 days delivered right to your door the food is attractively packaged and offers a wide variety for everyone s taste", "monthly nutrisystem price the monthly cost of a basic regular 28 day diet plan for a man or woman from nutrisystem is currently set at $ 239 99 when you select auto delivery this is the lowest cost plan and breaks down to a crazy low daily price of just $ 8 57 image nutrisystem success story melissa" ], "url": [ "http://www.diffen.com/difference/Jenny_Craig_vs_Nutrisystem", "http://www.bankrate.com/finance/personal-finance/the-cost-of-losing-weight-1.aspx", "http://www.bestdiettips.com/nutrisystem/how-much-does-nutrisystem-cost-in-2011", "http://www.bankrate.com/finance/personal-finance/the-cost-of-losing-weight-1.aspx", "http://www.howmuchisit.org/how-much-does-nutrisystem-cost/", "http://nstuf.com/nutrisystem/what-does-nutrisystem-cost-per-month.php", "http://weightlossgenius.com/nutrisystem-cost/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_much_does_the_Nutrisystem_diet_cost_per_month", "http://nstuf.com/nutrisystem/what-does-nutrisystem-cost-per-month.php" ] }

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[ "Meat" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "An omnivore is a kind of animal that eats either other animals or plants. Some omnivores will hunt and eat their food, like carnivores, eating herbivores and other omnivores. Some others are scavengers and will eat dead matter. Many will eat eggs from other animals. Omnivores eat plants, but not all kinds of", "Carnivores in turn consume herbivores for the same reason, while omnivores can obtain their nutrients from either plants or animals. Due to a herbivore's ability to survive solely on tough and fibrous plant matter, they are termed the primary consumers in the food cycle(chain). A herbivore is an animal anatomically and physiologically adapted to eating plant material, for example foliage, for the main component of its diet. As a result of their plant diet, herbivorous animals typically have mouthparts adapted to rasping or grinding.", "A carnivore /ˈkɑrnɪvɔər/ meaning 'meat eater' (Latin, caro meaning 'meat' or 'flesh' and vorare meaning 'to devour') is an organism that derives its energy and nutrient requirements from a diet consisting mainly or exclusively of animal tissue, whether through predation or scavenging. ", "What a sea turtle eats depends upon the species. Some are omnivores, eating a variety of plants and animals, while the hawksbill and the leatherback are specialists, subsisting primarily of sponges (hawksbills) and jellyfish (leatherbacks).", "Since carnivores have to hunt down and kill other animals they require a large amount of calories. This means that they have to eat many other animals over the course of the year. The bigger the carnivore, the more it has to eat. You should make sure that you have many more herbivores and omnivores than carnivores. ", "Herbivores, such as ducks, small fish and many species of zooplankton (animal plankton) eat plants. Carnivores (meat eaters) eat other animals and can be small (e.g., frog) or large (e.g., lake trout). Omnivores are animals (including humans) that eat both plants and animals. Each is an important part of the food chain. ", "Carnivores eat meat. Some hunt and kill their own. Others are called scavengers. They are the animals that eat the leftovers of an already killed\\\\dead animal. ", "Herbivores are at the second level of the food chain and mainly eat plants. Herbivores are considered primary consumers and are the first consumers on the food chain. Herbivores don’t always eat the same things. Herbivores like squirrels eat grass and small plants near the ground and are called grazers. Herbivores that eat leaves, shoots, and twigs are called browsers. Very large animals like elephants, rhinos, and moose are grazers and browsers.", "Carnivores like herbivores are in the second level of the food chain. Unlike herbivores that eat mainly plants, carnivores eat mainly other animals. Most carnivores get their energy and nutrients from eating herbivores so they are called secondary consumers. There are a few carnivores that eat other carnivores, so they are called tertiary consumers. [Spider] [Lion]. Most carnivores in the food chain are called predators. A predator is an animal that hunts for and kills other animals for food. The animals that predators hunt are called prey. There are many different kinds of carnivores from small spiders that catch and eat flies, to lions that hunt and kill their food", "Animals can be put into groups based on the types of food they eat. Some animals called carnivores only eat meat. Others are called ‘herbivores’. They only eat plants. Animals that eat meat and plants are called ‘omnivores’. " ], "url": [ "http://www.qrg.northwestern.edu/projects/marssim/simhtml/info/whats-an-omnivore.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbivore", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnivore", "http://www.seeturtles.org/sea-turtle-diet", "http://www.qrg.northwestern.edu/projects/marssim/simhtml/info/whats-a-carnivore.html", "http://www.miseagrant.umich.edu/lessons/lessons/by-broad-concept/life-science/food-chains-and-webs/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_kind_of_food_do_carnivores_animals_eat", "http://citadel.sjfc.edu/students/naa07113/e-port/Herbivores.html", "http://citadel.sjfc.edu/students/naa07113/e-port/Carnivores.html", "http://www.bbc.co.uk/guides/z96vb9q" ] }

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[ "Aisling" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Dream Dictionary Meaning For Names. Should a name be given to you it is a very good idea to keep your eyes and ears open in waking life. If the name is significant it will almost certainly be given to you in other ways. You may also dream of people you don't know personally but know of in waking life. Maybe a sports personality or a movie star. Again the name will be Michael. What this means is that you need to be on the lookout for someone who will play a significant role in your life with that name.", "ASHLING: Anglicized form of Irish Gaelic Aisling, meaning dream; vision.. ISLEEN: Anglicized form of Irish Gaelic Aisling, meaning dream; vision.. LOURDES: From the French place name, of unknown meaning. This is where a shrine was erected for Bernadette Soubirous who had visions of the Virgin Mary. MIMOZA: Albanian name meaning mimosa, a tree and plant name. The mimosa is also called the sensitive plant, and sleeping plant. The name derives from the Latin word mimus, meaning to imitate.. It was given this name because of the way it folds its leaves when touched.", "Like the names won't mean dream, but there is an association with dreams, like Joseph. Some that come to mind are Jacob/Israel, Mary etc., Emmanuel/Emmanuelle etc., Gabriel/Gabrielle. There are probably similar ones in the Koran/Arabic and every other religious tradition but I'm less familiar. Best wishes! A bit of a stretch to dream, but nice. Josephine: Doesn't mean dream but the Biblical Joseph of the OT was known for his visions. Penelope: Means weaver, which to me is connected with the idea of dream weaving.", "1 RASUI: Egyptian name meaning dream.. 2 REMIEL (רעמיאל): Hebrew form of Arabic Ramiel (thunder of God), meaning mercy of God.. 3 In Christian and Islamic tradition, this is the name of a Watcher. 4 He is one of the seven archangels listed in the Book of Enoch. MIMOZA: Albanian name meaning mimosa, a tree and plant name. The mimosa is also called the sensitive plant, and sleeping plant. The name derives from the Latin word mimus, meaning to imitate.. It was given this name because of the way it folds its leaves when touched.", "Sanders is a good choice since the Sandman is a well known character related to sleep. What about instead of a name meaning sleep you used a name that has a connection to sleep or dreams. For example, Joseph in the Bible had several prophetic dreams. I would like the name to be a family name but that was before I realized how few names there are that actually have one of these meanings. So I need help ANY suggestions are gladly welcomed! Preferably easy to pronounce or has a simple nickname would be lovely.", "My main character needs a name with a meaning related to sleep, dreams, resting, visions, etc. I would like the name to be a family name but that was before I realized how few names there are that actually have one of these meanings. So I need help ANY suggestions are gladly welcomed! Preferably easy to pronounce or has a simple nickname would be lovely.", "For girls I also really like: Anoushka: Hindi/Sanskrit for one who fulfills their dreams and aspirations Lourdes: From the French place where a vision of Mary was seen. A bit of a stretch to dream, but nice. Josephine: Doesn't mean dream but the Biblical Joseph of the OT was known for his visions. Penelope: Means weaver, which to me is connected with the idea of dream weaving.", "AMETS: Basque unisex name meaning dream.. GUIFI: Chamoru unisex name meaning dream.. MALE 1 : ALMOS: álmos hungarian name of the legendary founder Of, hungary meaning; dreamy sleepy, or according to folk, etymology The Dreamt.. one MIMOZA: Albanian name meaning mimosa, a tree and plant name. The mimosa is also called the sensitive plant, and sleeping plant. The name derives from the Latin word mimus, meaning to imitate.. It was given this name because of the way it folds its leaves when touched.", "AISLIN: Variant of Irish/Gaelic Aisling, meaning dream; vision.. 2. AISLING: Irish/Gaelic name meaning dream; vision. 3. AISLINN: Variant of Irish/Gaelic Aisling, meaning dream; vision. 4. ASHLING: English form of old Irish/Gaelic Aisling, meaning dream; vision. 5. DARSHANA: Named after a Hindu school of philosophy, from Sanskrit drś, meaning viewing, looking at. 6. ISLEEN: English variant of Irish/Gaelic Aisling, meaning dream; vision. 7. NARCISA: Romanian form of Latin Narcissa, possibly meaning numbness; sleep. 8. NARCISSA: Feminine form of Latin Narcissus, possibly meaning numbness; sleep. 9.", "Derived fr. Irish, Gaelic word. Dream, vision .. Aislinnay, Akislinn and Anslinn are kreatif variations. Not in use as a given name during the Middle Ages, but was adopted as part of the Irish revival in the 20 .. [ Aishling, Aislin, Aislyn, Aislynn, Ashlynn, .. These girl names were at the top of their popularity in the year 2010 (usage of 0.2206%) and are almost as popular today (usage 0.1915%, down 13.2%), but with names such as Bernadette and Moriah becoming less in vogue. Ashlynn (#323) , Fatima (#328) and Maya (#74) are three of the more fashionable birth names here." ], "url": [ "http://www.psychic-revelation.com/reference/a_d/dreams/n/names.html", "http://www.20000-names.com/dream_names_vision_names.htm", "http://nameberry.com/nametalk/threads/80697-Names-that-mean-quot-Dream-quot", "http://www.20000-names.com/dream_names_vision_names.htm", "http://nameberry.com/nametalk/threads/127512-Help-Names-meaning-Dream-Sleep-Vision-etc", "http://nameberry.com/nametalk/threads/127512-Help-Names-meaning-Dream-Sleep-Vision-etc", "http://nameberry.com/nametalk/threads/80697-Names-that-mean-quot-Dream-quot", "http://www.20000-names.com/dream_names_vision_names.htm", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080124090652AA3MQML", "http://www.thinkbabynames.com/names/0/dream" ] }

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[ "It is celebrated with a fiesta (party). The celebrating begins on September 15 (the eve of Independence Day) where crowds of people gather in the zocalos (town meeting place) of cities, towns, and villages." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Independence Day celebrates the day Miguel Hidalgo is believed to have made the cry of independence (El Grito de la Independencia) in the town of Dolores, in the north-central part of the Mexican state of Guanajuato. Hidalgo was one of the nation’s leaders during the War of Independence in Mexico.", "It is a common misconception in the U.S. that Cinco de Mayo, May 5, is Mexican Independence Day. But Sept. 16 is the real date of Mexican independence, which provides at least one more opportunity each year to celebrate Mexico.", "The day is celebrated with fireworks, flags, food, and parades. On the night of September 15th the cry of Dolores is re-enacted by local politicians in the public squares of most cities and towns throughout the country. On September 16 there are parades and civic ceremonies commemorating Mexico's independence.", "Mexicans celebrate their country’s Independence Day with fireworks, parties (fiestas), food, dance and music on September 16. Flags, flowers and decorations in the colors of the Mexican flag – red, white and green – are seen in public areas in cities and towns in Mexico.", "Independence Day (Dia día de La) independencia is A mexican holiday to celebrate “the cry of” independence On september, 16, 1810 which staked a revolt against The. Spaniards it follows from the day of The cry Of (Dolores El grito De) , dolores On september. 15 image Of Miguel, hidalgo who fought For'mexico s.", "Mexico's Independence Day-September 16. In the early nineteenth century, Mexico, with a little influence from the US and France, began talking about a revolt against Spain. Father Miguel Hidalgo from Dolores, Mexico, was a leader of one of the rallying groups.", "This holiday is also referred to in Mexico by the date of the event: el Dieciseis de Septiembre (the 16th of September). It is one of Las Fiestas Patrias (the patriotic festivals), and is celebrated on the night of September 15 and all day on September 16.", "Today Mexican Independence Day is a major celebration in Mexico and is bigger than Cinco de Mayo. It is celebrated with a fiesta (party). The celebrating begins on September 15 (the eve of Independence Day) where crowds of people gather in the zocalos (town meeting place) of cities, towns, and villages." ], "url": [ "http://www.timeanddate.com/holidays/mexico/independence-day", "http://www.ibtimes.com/mexican-independence-day-2015-facts-foods-traditions-history-events-celebrate-el-2098231", "http://gomexico.about.com/od/mexican-independence/tp/mexican-independence-day.htm", "http://www.timeanddate.com/holidays/mexico/independence-day", "http://www.timeanddate.com/holidays/mexico/independence-day", "http://www.presidiolabahia.org/mex_ind.htm", "http://gomexico.about.com/od/mexican-independence/tp/mexican-independence-day.htm", "http://www.presidiolabahia.org/mex_ind.htm" ] }

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[ "It has a good balsamic sweet fragrance, while the Indian frankincense oil has a very fresh smell." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Frankinsence essential oil uses Frankincense is one of the oils that can really calm and soothe the whole body and mind. It eases all aches and pains, clears the lungs and acts as a skin tonic. Frankincence Essential oil is popularly used in aromatherapy. 1 Blended massage oil or in the bath. 2 Frankincense oil can be used in a blended massage oil or diluted in the bath for colds, coughs, bronchitis, rheumatism, chilliness, poor circulation, exhaustion, nightmares, heavy periods, respiratory problems and mucus congestion.", "Frankincense Oil is extracted from the gum or resin from Frankincense or Olibanum trees, whose scientific name is Boswellia Carteri. The main components of this essential oil are Alpha Pinene, Actanol, Bornyl Acetate, Linalool, Octyl Acetate, Incensole and Incensyl Acetate. Look for natural oral care products that include frankincense oil if you enjoy the flavor or aroma, and want to include a strong antiseptic in your health regimen. You can even create your own all-natural toothpaste with frankincense oil and baking soda, or a mouthwash with water and peppermint oil.", "Frankincense essential oil (Boswellia frereana, Boswellia carterii, and/or Boswellia sacra) is a tree or shrub that produces a gum or resin that can be steam distilled into an essential oil with HUGE health benefits. ", "Frankincense essential oil, or Boswellia carterii, has been used for centuries for both its spiritual and its medicinal properties. Frankincense was one of the gifts the three wise men brought to Jesus at his birth, and the story demonstrates that its value was regarded as highly as that of gold. Frankincense oil is known to improve skin tone, heal cuts and grazes and infected skin. When combined with rose oil in either a cream or a carrier oil, it is extremely beneficial as a treatment for dry skin, or mature or wrinkled skin. It also helps to lessen the appearance of scarring.", "Print. Frankincense has a significant meaning in Christianity, and is believed to be one of the gifts offered by the three wise men to the newborn Jesus. Today, this fragrant resin is transformed into an essential oil that’s valued not only in religious practice, but also in aromatherapy and natural health. Uses of Frankincense Oil. Frankincense oil has long been revered in the Middle East, where it’s been used in religious ceremonies as an anointing oil for thousands of years. It is also a popular ingredient in cosmetics, and has even been found in the remains of Anglo-Saxons and ancient Egyptians.", "Frankincense Oil, Olibanum Oil or Oil of Lebanon is a ancient essential oil used for spiritual connection and to support a healthy immune system. It is also a valuable ingredient in skin care products for healthy looking skin. ", "Frankincense, also called olibanum, is an aromatic resin used in incense and perfumes, obtained from trees of the genus Boswellia in the family Burseraceae, particularly Boswellia sacra (syn: B. carteri, B. bhaw-dajiana), B. frereana, B. serrata (B. thurifera, Indian frankincense), and B. papyrifera. The essential oil of frankincense is produced by steam distillation of the tree resin. The oil's chemical components are 75% monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, monoterpenoles, sesquiterpenols and ketones. It has a good balsamic sweet fragrance, while the Indian frankincense oil has a very fresh smell.", "Tonic: Overall, frankincense essential oil tones and boosts health and is therefore considered a tonic. It benefits all the systems operating in the body, including the respiratory, digestive, nervous, and excretory systems, while also increasing strength by aiding the absorption of nutrients into the body. Look for natural oral care products that include frankincense oil if you enjoy the flavor or aroma, and want to include a strong antiseptic in your health regimen. You can even create your own all-natural toothpaste with frankincense oil and baking soda, or a mouthwash with water and peppermint oil.", "Frankincense is tapped from the scraggy but hardy trees by slashing the bark, which is called striping, and allowing the exuded resin to bleed out and harden. These hardened resins are called tears. There are several species and varieties of frankincense trees, each producing a slightly different type of resin. The essential oil of frankincense is produced by steam distillation of the tree resin. The oil's chemical components are 75% monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, monoterpenoles, sesquiterpenols and ketones. It has a good balsamic sweet fragrance, while the Indian frankincense oil has a very fresh smell." ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_frankincense_essential_oil_used_for", "https://www.organicfacts.net/health-benefits/essential-oils/health-benefits-of-frankincense-essential-oil.html", "http://www.sustainablebabysteps.com/frankincense-essential-oil.html", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/127201-benefits-frankincense-essential-oil/", "http://articles.mercola.com/herbal-oils/frankincense-oil.aspx", "http://www.experience-essential-oils.com/frankincense-oil.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankincense", "https://www.organicfacts.net/health-benefits/essential-oils/health-benefits-of-frankincense-essential-oil.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankincense" ] }

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[ "Preheat oven to 350. Line a baking dish with aluminum foil. And lightly spray with cooking spray. Set aside. In a small bowl mix brown sugar, onion powder, garlic powder, salt, and pepper. This will create your dry rub. Coat ribs with the the dry rub, making sure to flip over and get both sides.Place coated ribs into the baking dish and into the oven. Bake for 45 minutes. Carefully slide your oven rack out a little so you can easily work with the baking dish. Coat ribs with half of the BBQ sauce. Flip ribs over. Return to oven and bake for an additional 30 minutes.Remove from oven and test temperature to make sure it is at 165-170. Allow ribs to sit in dish for 10 minutes. Slice ribs, most boneless ribs have cut grooves so you will just need to follow them." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1 Double wrap ribs in aluminum foil, place in a 9x13-inch baking dish and bake for 1 1/2 hours in a 350°F oven. 2 Remove ribs from the aluminum foil. 3 Place ribs and sauce in a roaster and bake uncovered for 45 minutes in a 350°F oven. 1 Simmer for 45 minutes. 2 Double wrap ribs in aluminum foil, place in a 9x13-inch baking dish and bake for 1 1/2 hours in a 350°F oven. 3", "Place meat in large baking dish in about one inch of water (or halfway each rib). Bake at 250°F for one hour-remove from oven-turn meat. Bake at 250°F for one hour-remove from oven. Drain and add barbeque sauce as needed-increase heat to 400°F. Best Answer: No need to boil them first. I would place them in the pan and add a bit of bbq sauce with water so the sugars do not burn. Cover the pan and bake in a low oven, about 250 for 3 or 4 hours. The last 30 minutes remove the foil and add some more bbq sauce", "Directions. 1 1 Preheat oven to 450° F. In glass 9x9 baking dish, spread 1 tablespoon olive oil on bottom. 2 2 Place sliced onions on top of ribs. 3 3 After 30 minutes of baking, pour BBQ sauce over ribs, reserving about a cup. 4 4 Transfer ribs to plate and pour BBQ sauce over all. Directions. 1 1 Preheat oven to 450° F. In glass 9x9 baking dish, spread 1 tablespoon olive oil on bottom. 2 Place ribs over oil, separating them slightly. 3 Drizzle remaining 1 tablespoon olive oil over top of ribs, rubbing to spread. 4 Sprinkle seasoned salt lightly over all.", "Cover with foil; place in oven and cook for 3 hours. 7. Remove from oven; uncover and cook for an additional 30 minutes. 8. Remove from oven. Take ribs out of sauce and keep warm in oven. Put sauce in a skillet and remove as much of the grease from the ribs as you can. Add 1 cup of water and bring to a boil. ", "Preheat oven to 350. Line a baking dish with aluminum foil. And lightly spray with cooking spray. Set aside. In a small bowl mix brown sugar, onion powder, garlic powder, salt, and pepper. This will create your dry rub. Coat ribs with the the dry rub, making sure to flip over and get both sides. Place coated ribs into the baking dish and into the oven. Bake for 45 minutes. Carefully slide your oven rack out a little so you can easily work with the baking dish. Coat ribs with half of the BBQ sauce. Flip ribs over. Return to oven and bake for an additional 30 minutes. Remove from oven and test temperature to make sure it is at 165-170. Allow ribs to sit in dish for 10 minutes. Slice ribs, most boneless ribs have cut grooves so you will just need to follow them", "1 Dip the tenderized ribs into the sauce until thoroughly coated and place on foil. 2 Take two more layers of foil and place it on top of the ribs and loosely seal the edges. 3 Place ribs into oven for 1 hour. 4 After one hour, remove foil, turn & baste ribs and bake for 30 minutes. 1 Take two more layers of foil and place it on top of the ribs and loosely seal the edges. 2 Place ribs into oven for 1 hour. 3", "Place meat in large baking dish in about one inch of water (or halfway each rib). Bake at 250 degrees for one hour-remove from oven-turn meat. Bake at 250 degrees for one hour-remove from oven. Drain and add barbeque sauce as needed-increase heat to 400 degrees. Bake 30 minutes. ", "1 Place ribs into oven for 1 hour. 2 After one hour, remove foil, turn & baste ribs and bake for 30 minutes. ( 3 If your ribs are on the thicker side you may need to cook for a bit longer). 4 Be sure to baste every 10 minutes during this 30 minute cooking time. 1 Take two more layers of foil and place it on top of the ribs and loosely seal the edges. 2 Place ribs into oven for 1 hour. 3", "1 After the 30 minutes are up, turn the oven to BROIL and broil each side for 2-3 minutes. 2 Baste and flip ribs. 3 Broiling will make the sauce sticky and crisp up the edges of the rib making them finger licking good!!! 4 Remove from oven, place on a plate and spoon on the extra sauce from the pan. 1 Take two more layers of foil and place it on top of the ribs and loosely seal the edges. 2 Place ribs into oven for 1 hour. 3 After one hour, remove foil, turn & baste ribs and bake for 30 minutes." ], "url": [ "http://www.food.com/recipe/the-best-boneless-ribs-179895", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20120410124621AAJmUWA", "http://www.tablespoon.com/recipes/bbq-boneless-country-ribs/aa05f178-e4c7-486e-a01b-06088d493e14", "http://www.justapinch.com/recipes/main-course/pork/oven-barbecued-country-style-boneless-ribs.html", "http://eatingeclectic.blogspot.com/2012/10/how-to-make-boneless-bbq-ribs-in-oven.html", "http://divascancook.com/oven-grilled-bbq-boneless-ribs/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_do_you_cook_boneless_pork_ribs_in_the_oven", "http://divascancook.com/oven-grilled-bbq-boneless-ribs/", "http://divascancook.com/oven-grilled-bbq-boneless-ribs/" ] }

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[ "The gem’s(jewelry) name" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Black opal is one of the many fascinating varieties of opal available today and it also happens to be one of the most popular varieties. In 2008, Australia officially recognized this and proclaimed black opal to be the official state gemstone for New South Wales. ", "Chalama Black Opal takes the fine jewelry industry by storm. A new variety of Ethiopian Opal has been developed by Jewelry Television (JTV), which is the world’s largest retailer of loose gemstones for fine jewelry. The gem’s name, the Chalama Black Opal, comes from the Amharic (Ethiopia’s native language) word that means “to darken.”. According to DiamondNe.ws, Ethiopian Opal was discovered in 2008 and is known for its vibrant colors and unique patterns. All Things Jewelry. A new variety of Ethiopian Opal has been developed by Jewelry Television (JTV), which is the world’s largest retailer of loose gemstones for fine jewelry.", "Ethiopian chalama Black Opal. Can't say I am a fan of the Chalama opal...to me you can't improve on perfection!! And Ethiopian Opal is just that. As a huge fan of this gem, I wouldn't change it, but to each their own. I have 10 heart shaped opals, from the parcel JTV sold a while back and love them. Cheryl is showing the Chalama Black Opal now. I hadn't seen it before, and am intrigued! It's fiery against the dark color. I looked it up, and it is treated by smoking a good white Ethiopian opal.", "The process begins with fine quality natural solid opal from the Welo district. The strength, vibrancy, and intensity of color this process produces is directly related to the quality of the natural opal used to begin the process. If this is any indication of what else might come out of Ethiopia’s cornucopia of opal wealth, then we should have years of collecting ahead. With Chalama black opal, you get the great value and variety that JTV has become known for in the world of beautiful colored gemstones.", "The other joy of Chalama black opal is its variety of unique patterns (image left).The harlequin pattern on the left if very rare. The ribbon pattern on the right is remarkable and is only possible to capture by video. If this is any indication of what else might come out of Ethiopia’s cornucopia of opal wealth, then we should have years of collecting ahead. With Chalama black opal, you get the great value and variety that JTV has become known for in the world of beautiful colored gemstones.", "Opal is a very common material that is found throughout the world. Most of this opal is common opal or potch which has a milky or pearly luster known as opalescence. However, rare specimens of opal produce brilliant color flashes when turned in the light. These color flashes are known as a play-of-color. Precious opal is very rare and found in a limited number of locations worldwide. Most precious opal has been mined in Australia, secondary sources include: Mexico, Brazil, and the United States. Canada, Honduras, Indonesia, Zambia, Guatemala, Poland, Peru, New Zealand and Ethiopia.", "Jewelry Television® offers a variety of opal, including cabochon as well as faceted opals, a milestone not often seen in opal. As we continue to lead the world in the latest gem offerings, JTV is pleased to introduce Chalama black opal from Ethiopia. If this is any indication of what else might come out of Ethiopia’s cornucopia of opal wealth, then we should have years of collecting ahead. With Chalama black opal, you get the great value and variety that JTV has become known for in the world of beautiful colored gemstones.", "JTV is the first to bring this newly treated opal to the market. Out of a 100,000 carat production of crystal and white Welo opal you will find that roughly 20% will have a medium to darker base color ranging from yellow/orange to tea-colored. If this is any indication of what else might come out of Ethiopia’s cornucopia of opal wealth, then we should have years of collecting ahead. With Chalama black opal, you get the great value and variety that JTV has become known for in the world of beautiful colored gemstones.", "Opals redirects here. For other uses, see Opals (disambiguation) . Opal is a hydrated amorphous form of silica; its water content may range from 3 to 21% by weight, but is usually between 6 and 10%. Girasol opal is a term sometimes mistakenly and improperly used to refer to fire opals, as well as a type of transparent to semitransparent type milky quartz from Madagascar which displays an asterism, or star effect, when cut properly." ], "url": [ "http://www.gemselect.com/gem-info/black-opal/black-opal-gemstone-information-and-education.php", "http://eragem.com/news/chalama-black-opal-takes-the-fine-jewelry-industry-by-storm/", "http://www.tvshoppingqueens.com/forum/showthread.php?4204-Ethiopian-chalama-Black-Opal", "http://www.jtv.com/library/chalama-black-opal.html", "http://www.jtv.com/library/chalama-black-opal.html", "http://geology.com/gemstones/opal/", "http://www.jtv.com/library/chalama-black-opal.html", "http://www.jtv.com/library/chalama-black-opal.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opal" ] }

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[ "8 Ounces fluid" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Just keep in mind that a US cup is 240 ml, which is almost exactly eight fluid ounces, a fluid ounce being approximately 30 ml. By the way, you don't need to worry about any of this if you are using the excellent recipes here on Veg World. These all list their ingredients in cups, imperial and metric. ", "Answer by Liz Eliesheva. Confidence votes 8.8K. In the US, 1 cup = 8 fluid ounces (*not identical to the avoirdupois ounce which is weight). In the US, one standard measuring cup contains 8 fluid ounces, but there is also a dry measure using the term cup, equal to 8 ounces. ", "According to the FDA, 400 mg per day of caffeine (that’s about four cups of coffee) is a safe amount of caffeine for healthy adults. But too much caffeine—500 to 600 mg—can be dangerous, causing restlessness, tremors, irritability, insomnia and stomach upset. So 4 cups of coffee gets you over that dreaded 600 mg limit. People SAY espresso is stronger...and sure, per ounce it is. But a venti espresso drink gets 2 shots--that's only 150 mg of caffeine. A Starbucks Americano (basically an Espresso coffee) get you 4 shots in a Venti size--that's only 30", "You may want to take a look at just how much caffeine you get in a typical day, especially if you're bothered by headaches, restlessness or anxiety. If your caffeine habit totals more than 500 milligrams (mg) a day, you may want to consider cutting back. ", "I have a cup measurer and I know what it means by 1 cup of sugar or water cuz those are the things I can fill in the cup. But how do I get 0.5 cup of for example, 0.5 cup of broccoli or 0.5 cup of green bell pepper. Thx. If you only need half of a cup then just fill your 1 cup measurer half way full. Most recipes are pretty lenient with things like broccoli or peppers, so if you eyeball it you will be okay. Also a half a cup is about a handful of either vegetable chopped.", "The short story of the rest of this page is: if you measure a cup of flour by scooping in the container or sack, and then tapping and leveling the cup with a knife, you will get a flour weight of about 5 ounces (142 grams). ", "A coffee cup is 1.5 dl or 150 millilitres or 5.07 US customary fluid ounces, and is occasionally used in recipes. It is also used in the US to specify coffeemaker sizes (what can be referred to as a Tasse a à). Cafe café-a. 12 cup us coffeemaker.makes 57 6 us customary fluid ounces, of coffee.or 6 8 metric cups. of coffee ", "Report Abuse. okay so for dry ingredient, .5 cup means 4 ounces/8 tablespoons or if u have a weighing scale 113.4 grams or 1/4 lbs. you can use ur measuring cup though, just fill it half way with the brocolli or the green bell pepper. If you only need half of a cup then just fill your 1 cup measurer half way full. Most recipes are pretty lenient with things like broccoli or peppers, so if you eyeball it you will be okay. Also a half a cup is about a handful of either vegetable chopped.", "Starbucks caffeine is 20 mg/ounce in coffee and 75 mg/ounce in espresso. So 4 cups of coffee gets you over that dreaded 600 mg limit. People SAY espresso is stronger...and sure, per ounce it is. But a venti espresso drink gets 2 shots--that's only 150 mg of caffeine. A Starbucks Americano (basically an Espresso coffee) get you 4 shots in a Venti size--that's only 300 mg of caffeine.", "There are 8 fluid ounces in a cup. To find out how many ounces in cups, simply multiply by 8 (conversion factor) or instead, use the converter below. Please note that you can't convert cups to grams unless you know the density of the material being measured. To find out how many grams in cups, please check the table below for pre-measured values of commonly used cooking ingredients. 1 Cup [US] = 8 Ounces [Fluid, US]. For fluid ounce to cup converter, please go to fluid ounces To cups. Converter. Enter a cup value that you want to convert into US fluid ounces and click on the convert button." ], "url": [ "http://www.veg-world.com/articles/cups.htm", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_many_ounces_are_in_1_cup", "http://www.fastcompany.com/3034463/coffee-week/exactly-how-much-and-how-often-you-should-be-drinking-coffee", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/nutrition-and-healthy-eating/in-depth/caffeine/art-20049372", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080520211253AAAkCXw", "http://www.erikthered.com/flwm.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cup_(volume)", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080520211253AAAkCXw", "http://www.fastcompany.com/3034463/coffee-week/exactly-how-much-and-how-often-you-should-be-drinking-coffee", "http://www.asknumbers.com/CupsToOuncesConversion.aspx" ] }

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[ "Michael Clarke Duncan" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The Green Mile is a 1999 American fantasy crime drama film directed by Frank Darabont and adapted from the 1996 Stephen King novel of the same name. For his last request on the night before his execution, John watches the film Top Hat. When John is put in the electric chair, he, shedding tears, asks Paul not to put the traditional black hood over his head because he is afraid of the dark. Paul agrees, shakes his hand as a goodbye, and John is executed.", "Duncan was born in Chicago, Illinois, and grew up in a single-parent household with his sister, Judy, and mother, Jean Duncan (a house cleaner), after his father left. He always wanted to act, but had to drop out of the Communications program at Alcorn State University to support his family when his mother became ill. In 2005, Duncan appeared in two prominent action films, The Island (his second Michael Bay Film) and Sin City (again alongside Bruce Willis) where he played Manute, a powerful mobster.", "Michael Clarke Duncan (December 10, 1957 – September 3, 2012) was an American actor, best known for his breakout role as John Coffey in The Green Mile, for which he was nominated for an Academy Award and a Golden Globe. In 2005, Duncan appeared in two prominent action films, The Island (his second Michael Bay Film) and Sin City (again alongside Bruce Willis) where he played Manute, a powerful mobster.", "In 2013, Manigault appeared in the cast of The All-Star Celebrity Apprentice and played in Duncan's honor for his favorite charity and one he had benefited from himself, the Sue Duncan Children's Center. In 2005, Duncan appeared in two prominent action films, The Island (his second Michael Bay Film) and Sin City (again alongside Bruce Willis) where he played Manute, a powerful mobster.", "Edit. The film flips the action of the first two installments of the novel. The first book, The Two Dead Girls, begins with John Coffey arriving on the Mile, but at this point Arlen Bitterbuck has already been executed and Eduard Delacroix already has his mouse. The second book goes back to before John's arrival and tells of Bitterbuck's fate and the origins of the mouse. See more ». ", "$136.8 million (USA). The Green Mile is a 1999 film, directed by Frank Darabont, based on the Stephen King novel The Green Mile. The film stars Tom Hanks as Paul Edgecomb and Michael Clarke Duncan as John Coffey. The movie is primarily about Paul Edgecomb and his life as a prison guard on the death row in the 1930s. 1 MovieGlimpse.com / Green Mile (shows parallels with Jesus Christ & John Coffey). 2 HollywoodJesus / Green Mile (this website offers a commentary by Frank Darabont (Director and Screenwriter of 'The Green Mile') on the Christ parallels within the book/film).", "The film is told in a flashback format and stars Tom Hanks as Paul Edgecomb and Michael Clarke Duncan as John Coffey with supporting roles by David Morse, Bonnie Hunt, and James Cromwell. The film also features Dabbs Greer, in his final film, as the old Paul Edgecomb. For his last request on the night before his execution, John watches the film Top Hat. When John is put in the electric chair, he, shedding tears, asks Paul not to put the traditional black hood over his head because he is afraid of the dark. Paul agrees, shakes his hand as a goodbye, and John is executed.", "Actor | Soundtrack | Producer. Michael Clarke Duncan was born on December 10, 1957 in Chicago, Illinois. Raised by his single mother, Jean, a house cleaner, on Chicago's South Side, Duncan grew up resisting drugs and alcohol, instead concentrating on school. [on The Green Mile (1999)] I think the toughest scene for me to film was the two dead girls, simply because I had a lot of crying to do, a lot of howling to do, and it really drained me.", "After having begun his career with several bit parts playing bouncers in films such as Bulworth and A Night at the Roxbury, Duncan first came to prominence when he was cast as Bear in the blockbuster Michael Bay action film Armageddon (1998). In 2005, Duncan appeared in two prominent action films, The Island (his second Michael Bay Film) and Sin City (again alongside Bruce Willis) where he played Manute, a powerful mobster." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Green_Mile_(film)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Clarke_Duncan", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Clarke_Duncan", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Clarke_Duncan", "http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0120689/", "http://movies.wikia.com/wiki/The_Green_Mile", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Green_Mile_(film)", "http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0003817/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Clarke_Duncan" ] }

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[ "It is widely regarded as the reason for the development of functional gastrointestinal diseases, including functional dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Abstract. Visceral hypersensitivity is now recognised as a major pathophysiological mechanism in functional gastrointestinal disorders of the upper gastrointestinal tract. In patients with non-cardiac chest pain and functional dyspepsia, a high prevalence of visceral hypersensitivity has been indeed observed.", "Visceral hypersensitivity is currently the holy grail....it is widely regarded as the reason for the development of functional gastrointestinal diseases, including functional dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome.", "Some people are troubled by such a problem called visceral hypersensitivity. The phenomenon of hypersensitivity involves the nervous system. At some point, the irritation to a particular organ system like the skin or the gut leads to the sensitization of the nervous system, the alarm system.", "In the case of visceral hypersensitivity, everything from digestion to urination can become painful. Thus, many conditions are linked to visceral hypersensitivity like: noncardiac chest pain, nonulcer stomach pain, irritable bowel syndrome, and severe menstrual cramps. 1 All of these conditions are really just a form of visceral hypersensitivity.", "Once the diagnosis of visceral hypersensitivity is made, the treatment can be tricky. At first, medications used to prevent overstimulation can be used like proton pump inhibitors that reduce stomach acid production or spasmolytics that reduce gut motility.", "Although visceral hypersensitivity has been widely demonstrated, its relevance to symptoms and disease is still debatable. However, accumulating data suggest that visceral hypersensitivity is critical to the pathophysiology and symptom generation of functional bowel disorders.", "Visceral hypersensitivity as a pathophysiological feature of irritable bowel syndrome. Whilst a considerable number of hypotheses have been proposed to explain the origin of pain in IBS, no single factor has achieved primacy in the literature, probably due to the significant heterogeneity of this disorder.", "It’s called visceral hypersensitivity or visceral hypersensitivity syndrome, and it’s part of something called “functional gastrointestinal disorders.”. Whew! I try to keep things readable around here, but it looks like I’ll be slinging around some tough terms in this one." ], "url": [ "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1590865804000829", "http://gut.bmj.com/content/48/1/125.extract", "http://www.healthcentral.com/chronic-pain/c/240381/154551/abdominal/", "http://www.healthcentral.com/chronic-pain/c/240381/154551/abdominal/", "http://www.healthcentral.com/chronic-pain/c/240381/154551/abdominal/", "http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2003.01447.x/full", "http://bjp.sagepub.com/content/early/2013/03/19/2049463713479229.full", "http://solvingtheibspuzzle.com/visceral-hypersensitivity-syndrome/" ] }

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[ "Eat fruits, vegetables, wheat bran and oat bran." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Overview. An anal fissure is a small cut or tear in the skin lining the anus. Childbirth, straining during bowel movements, or bouts of constipation or diarrhea can all tear the anal lining. Anal fissures are usually not a cause for concern and most heal without any medical treatment.", "Get Plenty of Fiber. If you're constipated, passing large, hard, or dry stools can cause an anal fissure. Getting plenty of fiber in your diet -- especially from fruits and vegetables -- can help prevent constipation, though. Get 20 to 35 grams of fiber per day. Foods that are good sources include: 1 Wheat bran. 2 Oat bran.", "If your anus is dry or you have a chronic fissure, it's best to apply coconut oil to the area throughout the day and before you go to bed. 3. Take a warm or hot bath at least once a day. Immersing your body in warm or hot water can help relax your internal anal sphincter, which will allow better blood flow to the area.", "An anal fissure is a cut or tear occurring in the anus (the opening through which stool passes out of the body) that extends upwards into the anal canal. Fissures are a common condition of the anus and anal canal and are responsible for 6% to 15% of the visits to a colon and rectal (colorectal) surgeon.", "An anal fissure is a tear of any size in the anus. If you've ever noticed a spot or two of bright red blood on your toilet tissue after having an uncomfortable bowel movement, you have likely experienced an anal fissure. An anal fissure can lead to burning, stinging, or sharp pain during bowel movements." ], "url": [ "http://www.healthline.com/health/anal-fissure", "http://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/anal-fissures-prevention", "http://drbenkim.com/anal-fissure-heal.htm", "http://www.medicinenet.com/anal_fissure/article.htm", "http://drbenkim.com/anal-fissure-heal.htm" ] }

[]

[ "John Joseph Hall (born July 23, 1948) is an American musician and liberal environmental activist, and was the U.S. Representative for New York's 19th congressional district, serving from 2007 to 2011." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1 John Hall (Maryland) (1729–1797), Maryland politician, delegate to the Continental Congress. 2 John Hall (judge) (1767–1833), North Carolina Supreme Court judge. 3 John W. Hall (1817–1892), 44th Governor of Delaware. ", "Synopsis. John Hall was born August 1934, in Denver, Colorado. Hall's research with Theodor W. Haensch hänsch on measuring optical frequencies led to the pair (sharing also With Roy) glauber the 2005 Nobel prize For. physics Early Years. John L. Hall was born on August 21, 1934, in Denver, Colorado, to an electrical engineer father and elementary school teacher mother. As a youth, when he wasn’t delving into the hard sciences, he participated in scouting and his church’s youth group.", "John J. Hall is your solution for more time, more money and a better lifestyle. John J. Hall, CPA, is an author, speaker and results expert who presents around the world at conventions, corporate meetings and association events.", "John Hall, Whisky Maker. They say if you find a job you love, you will never work a day in your life. This blessing has graced John Hall, founder of Forty Creek Distillery and creator of Forty Creek Whisky. With over 40 years in the beverage alcohol industry, John finds every moment an exciting taste adventure.", "Mini Bio (1). Handsome, athletic leading man Jon Hall was the son of actor Felix Locher and a Tahitian princess. Hall was married three times, two of which were to entertainers: singer Frances Langford and actress Raquel Torres. His third wife was a psychiatrist. ", "(Redirected from John Hall (U.S. politician)). For other politicians named John Hall, see John Hall (disambiguation) . John Joseph Hall (born July 23, 1948) is an American musician and liberal environmental activist, and was the U.S. Representative for New York's 19th congressional district, serving from 2007 to 2011. Although his musical career was on hold during his time in office, Hall performed at the concert honoring the 90th birthday of Pete Seeger, supporting the Hudson River Sloop Clearwater at Madison Square Garden in New York City on May 3, 2009.", "Then followed two John Hall Band albums, and the AOR and MTV hit Crazy (Keep On Falling). After Wells Kelly's death in 1984, John reunited with Larry and Lance Hoppen and they were recruited by Tony Brown of MCA Nashville to record there. The result was 1986's Grownup Children .. ", "Mini Bio (1). Anthony Michael Hall was born in Boston, Massachusetts. He is the son of Mercedes Hall, an actress-blues and jazz singer, and Larry Hall, who owned an auto body shop. His stepfather is a show-business manager. His sister, Mary Christian, is also a performer. He has Irish and Italian ancestry. 6' 2 (1.88 m). Anthony Michael Hall was born in Boston, Massachusetts. He is the son of Mercedes Hall, an actress-blues and jazz singer, and Larry Hall, who owned an auto body shop.", "At the dawn of the 1980s, he formed the John Hall Band, which consisted of Hall, keyboardist and vocalist Bob Leinbach, bassist and vocalist John Troy, and drummer Eric Parker. The John Hall Band released two albums on the EMI America label with high AOR and MTV visibility but limited Top 40 success. Although his musical career was on hold during his time in office, Hall performed at the concert honoring the 90th birthday of Pete Seeger, supporting the Hudson River Sloop Clearwater at Madison Square Garden in New York City on May 3, 2009." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Hall", "http://www.biography.com/people/john-hall-16633952", "http://johnhallspeaker.com/", "http://www.fortycreekwhisky.com/john_hall_Wky_Maker.html", "http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0355755/bio", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Hall_(U.S._politician)", "http://johnhallmusic.com/john_hall_biography.html", "http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0001309/bio", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Hall_(U.S._politician)" ] }

[]

[ "At least a bachelor's degree" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "You can find both master's and bachelor's programs that offer a major in behavior analysis. You can also find behavior analysis as a concentration within a degree program in education, psychology or social work. As a behavior analyst, you use scientific techniques and principles of learning to help children and adults better acclimate to social situations at home, in their communities and at school or work.", "Behavioral consultants typically complete graduate programs specializing in psychology, behavior analysis, human development, special education or other related fields of study. The curriculum focuses on concepts such as behavior analysis, behavior intervention programs and how to alter behaviors in others. As part of the master's degree program, students also complete a clinical internship to practice measuring behaviors, interpreting data and conducting behavioral interventions. Candidates with a bachelor's degree may find entry-level work, but the majority of positions require candidates to have a minimum of a master's degree. Doctoral degrees are even more preferable and are required for any behavioral consultants working in private practice.", "A licensed behavior analyst is a type of mental health professional in the United States. They have at least a master's degree, and sometimes a doctorate, in behavior analysis or a related field. Behavior analysts apply behaviorism to people by performing applied behavior analysis. ", "In some cases, behavioral consultants can find work as an assistant applied behavior analyst with just a bachelor's degree, provided that they have met specific training requirements in behavior analysis. Behavioral consultants are specialists in applied behavior analysis who provide support, education and training to people with mental retardation or developmental disabilities, also referred to as MR/DD.", "The first step to becoming a behavioral consultant is earning a bachelor's degree. While some may be able to find assistant behavioral consultant work with only a bachelor's degree, the primary purpose of the degree is fulfilling the prerequisite requirements to get into a graduate program. Candidates with a bachelor's degree may find entry-level work, but the majority of positions require candidates to have a minimum of a master's degree. Doctoral degrees are even more preferable and are required for any behavioral consultants working in private practice.", "Answers. Best Answer: You will need at least a bachelor's degree in behavior analysis. I am located in the United States and checked the requirements for employment by my state as a behavior analyst. They require a master's degree. ", "Some behavior analysts may choose to complete undergraduate programs in a related field, such as psychology or education, before earning a master's degree in behavior analysis. Specific education requirements may vary by employer. Certification. Employers may require that behavior analysts be certified or eligible for certification. The Behavior Analyst Certification Board (BACB) offers two kinds of certification for behavior analysts-Board Certified Assistant Behavior Analyst (BCaBA) and Board Certified Behavior Analyst (BCBA) (www.bacb.com).", "You can find educational programs approved by the Behavior Analyst Certification Board (BACB) that meet the coursework requirements to sit for the certification exam. Many schools offer certificate programs that can be combined with a bachelor's or master's degree program, one of which is required to take the exam. As a behavior analyst, you use scientific techniques and principles of learning to help children and adults better acclimate to social situations at home, in their communities and at school or work.", "Behavior Analyst: Job Description and Education Requirements. Learn about the education and preparation needed to become a behavior analyst. Get a quick view of the requirements as well as details about degree programs, job duties and professional certifications to find out if this is the career for you. View 10 Popular Schools ». Certification. Employers may require that behavior analysts be certified or eligible for certification. The Behavior Analyst Certification Board (BACB) offers two kinds of certification for behavior analysts-Board Certified Assistant Behavior Analyst (BCaBA) and Board Certified Behavior Analyst (BCBA) (www.bacb.com)." ], "url": [ "http://learn.org/articles/Behavior_Analyst_Certification_and_Career_FAQs.html", "http://work.chron.com/kind-education-need-behavioral-consultant-9736.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Licensed_behavior_analyst", "http://classroom.synonym.com/kind-education-need-behavioral-consultant-3033.html", "http://work.chron.com/kind-education-need-behavioral-consultant-9736.html", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080202045231AAJ12vE", "http://study.com/articles/Behavior_Analyst_Job_Description_and_Education_Requirements.html", "http://learn.org/articles/Behavior_Analyst_Certification_and_Career_FAQs.html", "http://study.com/articles/Behavior_Analyst_Job_Description_and_Education_Requirements.html" ] }

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[ "05 mm thick on the eyelids, and is 1.5 mm thick on the palms and the soles of the feet." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Skin is generally classified as thick skin (on our palms and soles) and thin skin (on the rest of our body). With callouses, thick skin can reach thicknesses of nearly half an inch (13 mm). Thin skin varies in thickness from about 0.5 mm on the eyelid to about 2 mm on the back (1 mm is about the thickness of a dime). Skin is made up of three major layers called the epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis.", "The Epidermis. The epidermis is the outermost layer of the skin, and protects the body from the environment. The thickness of the epidermis varies in different types of skin; it is only .05 mm thick on the eyelids, and is 1.5 mm thick on the palms and the soles of the feet.", "Dermis: Thick skin has a thinner dermis than thin skin, and does not contain hairs, sebaceous glands, or apocrine sweat glands. Thick skin is only found in areas where there is a lot of abrasion-fingertips, palms and the soles of your feet. This is a picture of an H&E stained section of the epidermis of thin skin.", "The dermis is located beneath the epidermis and is the thickest of the three layers of the skin (1.5 to 4 mm thick), making up approximately 90 percent of the thickness of the skin. The main functions of the dermis are to regulate temperature and to supply the epidermis with nutrient-saturated blood.", "Skin type Thickness of epidermis, mm Thickness of dermis, mm Thick skin 0.61-0.98 0.56-0.84Thin skin 0.07-0.16 0.78-1.26 4. The epidermis in thick skin is much thicker than in thin skin.5. Hair follicles and sebaceous glands.6.", "The main difference between thin and thick skin is the thickness of the epidermis, mainly the startum corneum, in which, in thick skin the area contigous to the stratum granulosum can be differentiated as a speceific layer called stratum lucidom, which is not present in thin skin.", "The Dermis. The dermis is located beneath the epidermis and is the thickest of the three layers of the skin (1.5 to 4 mm thick), making up approximately 90 percent of the thickness of the skin. The main functions of the dermis are to regulate temperature and to supply the epidermis with nutrient-saturated blood." ], "url": [ "https://answersingenesis.org/human-body/skin/", "http://www.training.seer.cancer.gov/melanoma/anatomy/layers.html", "http://www.histology.leeds.ac.uk/skin/skin_thick_thin.php", "http://www.training.seer.cancer.gov/melanoma/anatomy/layers.html", "http://www.cgc.maricopa.edu/services/technology-support/sandbox/Documents/04%20Thick%20and%20Thin.pdf", "http://www.wesapiens.org/class/4456001/file/1/Thin+skin+vs+thick+skin", "http://www.training.seer.cancer.gov/melanoma/anatomy/layers.html" ] }

[]

[ "$125" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "$17.26. Consult the Cost of Attendance table on the Student Financial Affairs website for the estimated total cost for a full-time student. * Fees consist of a $5.25 Financial Aid fee, a $5.25 Technology fee and a $6.76 Capital Improvement fee per credit hour.", "Tuition and Fees. The average cost of tuition and fees for a typical student based on enrolling for 21 credit hours per academic year including 3 hours in the summer semester. The actual costs that a student incurs will vary depending on the student's degree or certificate program.", "$21,668.00. The average cost of tuition and fees for a typical student based on enrolling for 21 credit hours per academic year including 3 hours in the summer semester.", "Physical Therapy Major Fee - $50.00 per semester with a declared major in Physical Therapy. ADDITIONAL REQUIRED FEES. Graduate Student Service Fee for Courses Held at the Graduate Business Center - $125 per semester credit hour for each course section that is offered at UTEP's Graduate Business Center. International Student Services Fee - $25.00 per student per term*. *Applied only to International Students.", "Tuition and Fees ‐ The average cost of tuition and fees for a typical student based on enrolling for 30 credit hours per academic year including 6 hours in the summer semester.", "$4.00 per semester credit hour (undergraduate). PROFESSIONAL LIABILITY INSURANCE FEE-A fee of $10.00 to $80.00 will be assessed to defray costs of insurance for students working in clinical settings in courses in health science, nursing, speech-language pathology, and social work." ], "url": [ "http://ufonline.ufl.edu/tuition/", "http://engineering.utep.edu/graduate-tuition.htm", "http://engineering.utep.edu/graduate-tuition.htm", "http://academics.utep.edu/Default.aspx?tabid=65954", "http://estechcdn.utep.edu/FinancialAid/Financial_Aid_COA_UG_Resident_1516.pdf", "http://academics.utep.edu/Default.aspx?tabid=66161" ] }

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[ "13-year" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Shahid Kapoor 's marriage to a much younger Mira Rajput set tongues wagging. The much-evident age gap and the non-celebrity status had people talk non-stop for months. While Shahid hails from a filmy background, his wife Mira is new to the world of glamour.", "Shahid Kapoor and Mira Rajput. In what has been termed as 'the Bollywood shaadi of the year,' Shahid Kapoor and Mira Rajput tied the knot on July 7, 2015. There is a 13-year age difference between the 34-year-old Bollywood heartthrob and the 21-year-old student from Lady Shri Ram College.", "Shahid Kapoor and Mira Rajput. Shahid and Mira have a wide age gap between them. Shahid is 13 years older than his wife Mira. Mira is 21 and Shahid is 34 years old.", "The couple’s alliance was arranged by their parents who are followers of the same faith. Shahid had also met his future wife on a few occasions. However, Mira had second thoughts about getting married to the celebrity, the reason being the age difference between the two. Shahid is 34 years old while Mira is 21. As Bollywoodlife.com reported, it was Mira’s elder sister who convinced her for the marriage.", "There have been rumors about Mira Rajput married Shahid Kapoor or Shahid Kapoor wife pregnant but the actor has denied it all and has come out open about his relationship. Shahid Kapoor Mira Rajput wedding date was 07 July, 2015 and Mira Rajput marriage with the star Bollywood actor shall mark enormous grandeur. The would be husband of Mira Rajput has been linked with many actresses like Vidya Balan, Amrita Rao, etc.; but now it’s time for his wedding bells.", "Shahid Kapoor wife Mira Rajput biography has garnered information about Mira Rajput Delhi based girl but the exact date for Mira Rajput date of birth is 07 September, 1994, therefore, as of now, Shahid Kapoor wife age is 21 years only and Shahid Kapoor Mira Rajput age difference is nearly of ten years." ], "url": [ "http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/mira-has-no-desire-to-get-overtly-filmy-as-a-person-says-shahid-kapoor-shaandaar/1/499156.html", "http://www.indiawest.com/entertainment/bollywood/saif-kareena-shahid-mira-aamir-kiran-bollywood-couples-with-over/article_d5bd9278-2690-11e5-acdb-f39a2532536a.html", "http://www.msn.com/en-in/entertainment/gallery/age-gap-couples-celebs-with-big-age-difference/ss-AAclg1Z", "http://www.bollywoodmantra.com/news/a-quick-look-at-shahid-miras-wedding-journey/18404/", "http://youthdevelopers.com/shahid-kapoor-wife-mira-rajput-biography-age-profile-marriage-husband-children/", "http://youthdevelopers.com/shahid-kapoor-wife-mira-rajput-biography-age-profile-marriage-husband-children/" ] }

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[ "For most children, as well as adults, the normal range of total WBCs is 4,500 to 11,000 WBCs per microliter." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The normal number of WBCs in the blood is 4,500-10,000 white blood cells per microliter (mcL). Normal value ranges may vary slightly among different labs. Some laboratories use different measurements or may test different specimens. Talk to your doctor about your test results.", "Low White Blood Cell Count (Neutropenia). White blood cells fight infection. A normal white blood cell count is between 5,000 and 10,000 cells. A white blood cell count below 1,000 cells increases the risk of infection. In some cases, your child may be given a medicine, such as “G-CSF (granulocyte-colony stimulating factor) ,” to help increase the number of white blood cells in the bone marrow.", "Normal Range. For most children, as well as adults, the normal range of total WBCs is 4,500 to 11,000 WBCs per microliter. This number is elevated in newborns, up to 9,000 to 30,000 WBCs per microliter, but this number should fall to the adult level after about two weeks of life.", "For example, if your child had a white blood cell count of 3000, we might just consider this to be normal for your child even though it is below the lower limit of normal on some tests. The symptoms of mild fever, cough, and the diagnosis of croup really don't play a role in this finding.", "Normal WBC range in children is 4,500 to 11,000 per microliter. Photo Credit lab image by Alhazm Salemi from Fotolia.com. White blood cell (WBC) counts are indicative of the immune status of your child. Total white blood cell counts are similar for children and adults; however, newborns have greatly raised WBC ranges, which typically approach normal adult levels, about two weeks after birth." ], "url": [ "https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003643.htm", "https://childrensoncologygroup.org/index.php/lowwhitebloodcellcount", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/207279-normal-wbc-range-in-children/", "https://www.zocdoc.com/answers/17228/what-can-cause-low-white-blood-cell-count-in-a-child", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/207279-normal-wbc-range-in-children/" ] }

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[ "$247,450" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The average and median salaries for oral surgeons in the UK is about £50,000 per year. An oral surgeon’s salary varies based on age such as the one in 20s earns up to £37,500, one in 30s earns about £49,000, in 40s and in 50s earns about £58,000. The average hourly wage for an oral surgeon in UK is about £25 per hour. In contrary, the lowest paid oral surgeon receives an hourly wage of about $48.91 per hour which averages to about $101,730 per year. In addition, the overall mean salary for an oral surgeon in the United States ranges from between $100,958 – $612,500 based on work experience.", "An Oral Maxillofacial Surgeon's median salary is $101.30 per hour. The lowest 10% earn $48.91 per hour and those in the upper 10% earn more than $164.00 per hour. On an annual … basis the median Oral Maxillofacial Surgeon's salary is $210,710. The lowest 10% earn $101,730 per year while the upper 10% earn more than $300,000 per year. These salaries are calculated as a mean or average. According to Salary.com, the average annual salary of a plastic surgeon in the United States is $286,540 per year. Salaries for plastic surgeons will vary, though, based on ye … ars of experience, geographic location, size of practice and economic conditions.", "Oral Surgeon Salary in the USA. In the USA the average annual expected salary of an Oral surgeon is $247,450. The highest earning of these professionals is expected to earn about $164 per hour totaling an income of over $300,000 per year. These are considered to be in the 90 th percentile of the profession. ", "$230,000. Average Oral Maxillofacial Surgeon salaries for job postings in United States are the same as average Oral Maxillofacial Surgeon salaries for job postings nationwide. ", "(United States). Average pay for an Oral Surgeon in the United States is considerable, rounding six figures at $212K per year. Cash earnings for Oral Surgeons — which occasionally include more than $101K from bonuses and more than $148K from profit sharing — stretch from around $34K to approximately $406K", "Oral surgeon’s salary according to the BLS is about $210,710 on an annual basis while a median hourly wage is about $101.3 per hour. The highest paid oral surgeon receives an hourly wage of about $164 per hour which averages to more than $300,000 per year. In contrary, the lowest paid oral surgeon receives an hourly wage of about $48.91 per hour which averages to about $101,730 per year. In addition, the overall mean salary for an oral surgeon in the United States ranges from between $100,958 – $612,500 based on work experience.", "Annually. On an annual basis the median Oral Surgeon's salary is over $220,000. The lowest 10% earn less than $100,000 per year while the upper 10% earn more than $300,000 per year. These salaries are calculated as a mean or average. As a specialist their salary is much higher than that of the typical dentist. Median Hourly & Annual Data. Hourly. An Oral Maxillofacial Surgeon's median salary is $105.76 per hour. The lowest 10% earn less than $41.00 per hour and those in the upper 10% earn more than $150 per hour. Salary Data for this occupation varies widely between government and public salary data sites", "Conclusion about maxillofacial surgeon salary. According to PayScale.com, oral and maxillofacial surgeons with less than 1 year work experience receive an annual salary ranging from between $50,421 to $203,473 while those with 10 years or work experience receive a salary ranges from between $192,196 to $298,999. The average expected salary for a maxillofacial surgeon based in United Kingdom is about £33,333 per annum while the median salary for a maxillofacial surgeon is about £40,000 per year. An average hourly wage for a maxillofacial surgeon is about £16.67.", "An average salary for an oral surgeon based in Canada ranges from between 98,819 CAD – 599,522 CAD per annum while an average hourly wage ranges from between 56.46 CAD – 342 CAD per hour. A median salary for an oral surgeon averages to about 171,292 CAD per annum while a median wage is about 97.8 CAD per hour. In contrary, the lowest paid oral surgeon receives an hourly wage of about $48.91 per hour which averages to about $101,730 per year. In addition, the overall mean salary for an oral surgeon in the United States ranges from between $100,958 – $612,500 based on work experience." ], "url": [ "http://www.healthcare-salaries.com/physicians/oral-surgeon-salary", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_average_salary_of_Oral_and_Maxillofacial_Surgeons", "http://www.healthassistancepartnership.org/oral-surgeon-salary/", "http://www.indeed.com/salary/q-Oral-Maxillofacial-Surgeon-l-United-States.html", "http://www.payscale.com/research/US/Job=Oral_Surgeon/Salary", "http://www.healthcare-salaries.com/physicians/oral-surgeon-salary", "http://www.healthcaresalaryonline.com/oral-surgeon-salary.html", "http://www.healthcare-salaries.com/physicians/maxillofacial-surgeon-salary", "http://www.healthcare-salaries.com/physicians/oral-surgeon-salary" ] }

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{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Jayson ▲ has 10 more related variations via Jason: Jace ▲ , Jacen, Jaisen, Jaison, Jase ▲ , Jasen ▼ , Jasin, Jasun, Jay ▼ and Jayce ▲ . Jayson is a somewhat popular first name for males (#689 out of 1220, Top 56%) and an even more popular last name for all people (#47026 out of 150436, Top 31%). (2000 U.S. Census). Charted below is the baby name popularity of Jayson for boys. Below is a charted comparison of the usage of Jayson and associated names. Popular varying forms of Jayson (#393 in 2014) listed in the Top 1000 are Jace (#68 in 2014) , Jason (#75) , Jase (#105) , Jayce (#150) , Jay (#372) and Jasen.", "Johnson Name Meaning. English and Scottish: patronymic from the personal name John. As an American family name, Johnson has absorbed patronymics and many other derivatives of this name in continental European languages. (For forms, see Hanks and Hodges 1988. You can find out when most of the Johnson families immigrated to the United States. You can focus your search to immigration records dating from that era. Immigration records can tell you an ancestor's name, ship name, port of departure, port of arrival and destination.", "How popular is Jayson? Jayson is a somewhat popular first name for males (#689 out of 1220, Top 56%) and an even more popular last name for all people (#47026 out of 150436, Top 31%). (2000 U.S. Census). Charted below is the baby name popularity of Jayson for boys. Below is a charted comparison of the usage of Jayson and associated names. Popular varying forms of Jayson (#393 in 2014) listed in the Top 1000 are Jace (#68 in 2014) , Jason (#75) , Jase (#105) , Jayce (#150) , Jay (#372) and Jasen.", "• ROME (noun). The noun ROME has 2 senses: 1. capital and largest city of Italy; on the Tiber; seat of the Roman Catholic Church; formerly the capital of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire. 2. the leadership of the Roman Catholic Church. Familiarity information: ROME used as a noun is rare. Dictionary entry details.", "Numerological Meaning (For Entertainment Purposes Only). People with this name tend to be natural leaders, self-sufficient, and ambitious. They generally want to make their own decisions in life and are not afraid to take charge or manage a situation. It is important for them to avoid extremes of bossiness or shyness. They tend to be too impulsive.", "Feather tattoos have many different meanings depending on the type of feather. Generally speaking, however, most feather tattoos are a symbol of freedom like a bird in flight. Feather tattoos can also be part of angelic symbolism and hold a much deeper and profound meaning for the wearer. Mandala tattoos can have different meanings for each individual, depending on the personal and religious views of the wearer. Mandalas are most often used in meditation as a way of connecting to the “inner self” and, therefore, these tattoos often symbolize higher consciousness or even “one world” consciousness.", "You can find out where the majority of the Johnson families were living before they immigrated to the U.S and learn where to focus your search for foreign records. Immigration records can tell you an ancestor's name, ship name, port of departure, port of arrival, and destination. from the New York Passenger Lists. You can find out when most of the Johnson families immigrated to the United States. You can focus your search to immigration records dating from that era. Immigration records can tell you an ancestor's name, ship name, port of departure, port of arrival", "Greek Meaning: The name Jayson is a Greek baby name. In Greek the meaning of the name Jayson is: a healing. American Meaning: The name Jayson is an American baby name. In American the meaning of the name Jayson is: a healing. SoulUrge Number: 7. " ], "url": [ "http://www.thinkbabynames.com/meaning/1/Jayson", "http://www.ancestry.com/name-origin?surname=johnson", "http://www.thinkbabynames.com/meaning/1/Jayson", "http://www.audioenglish.org/dictionary/rome.htm", "http://www.birthvillage.com/Name/Tinu", "http://youqueen.com/small-tattoo-ideas", "http://www.ancestry.com/name-origin?surname=johnson", "http://www.sheknows.com/baby-names/name/jayson" ] }

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[ "The data segment is read-write, since the values of variables can be altered at run time. It contains any global or static variables which have a pre-defined value and can be modified." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "An executable or shared object file's program header table is an array of structures, each describing a segment or other information the system needs to prepare the program for execution. An object file segment contains one or more sections, as ``Segment Contents'' describes below. ", "The main reason for using a segmented memory is to increase the reliability of programs and systems. For example, placing a program’s stack in a separate segment, prevent the stack from growing into the code or a data space and overwriting them. Placing the OS’s or executive’s code, data and stack in separate segments also protect them from application/program and vice versa.", "See the relevant discussion on the talk page. (June 2011). In computing, a data segment (often denoted .data) is a portion of an object file or the corresponding virtual address space of a program that contains initialized static variables, that is, global variables and static local variables. The .data segment contains any global or static variables which have a pre-defined value and can be modified. That is any variables that are not defined within a function (and thus can be accessed from anywhere) or are defined in a function but are defined as static so they retain their value across subsequent calls.", "The size of this segment is determined by the size of the values in the program's source code, and does not change at run time. The data segment is read-write, since the values of variables can be altered at run time. The .data segment contains any global or static variables which have a pre-defined value and can be modified. That is any variables that are not defined within a function (and thus can be accessed from anywhere) or are defined in a function but are defined as static so they retain their value across subsequent calls.", "The Market Segment Specialization Program (MSSP) is an Examination program created by the Internal Revenue Service under the umbrella of Compliance 2000. ", "The Program Segment Prefix (PSP) is a data structure used in DOS systems to store the state of a program. It resembles the Zero Page in the CP/M operating system. The PSP has the following structure: The PSP is most often used to get the command line arguments of a DOS program, for example the command FOO.EXE /A /F executes FOO.EXE with the arguments '/A' and '/F'. The segment address of the PSP is passed in the DS register when the program is executed. It can also be determined later by using Int 21h function 51h or Int 21h function 62h. Either function will return the PSP address in register BX. Alternatively, in .COM programs loaded at offset.", "To access a segment not pointed to by one of the segment registers, a program must first load the segment selector for the segment to be accessed into a segment register. Each of the segment register is associated with one of three types of storage: code, data or stack (will be explained in detail later). For example, placing a program’s stack in a separate segment, prevent the stack from growing into the code or a data space and overwriting them. Placing the OS’s or executive’s code, data and stack in separate segments also protect them from application/program and vice versa.", "A segment register is a register that contains the base address, or something related to the base address, of a region of memory. In the 8086/8088, the four segment registers … are multiplied by 16 and added to the effective address to form the physical address. Code segment (CS) is a 16-bit register containing address of 64 KB segment with processor instructions. The processor uses CS segment for all accesses to instructions referenced by instruction pointer (IP) register.", "The purpose of this Market Segment Specialization Program (MSSP) guide is to provide the examiner with general and technical background information and to recommend specific audit techniques to make future examinations of garment manufacturers more efficient and effective. The Market Segment Specialization Program (MSSP) focuses on developing highly trained examiners for a particular market segment. A market segment may be an industry such as construction or entertainment, a profession like attorneys or real estate agents or an issue like passive activity losses." ], "url": [ "http://www.sco.com/developers/gabi/latest/ch5.pheader.html", "http://www.tenouk.com/Bufferoverflowc/Bufferoverflow1a.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_segment", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_segment", "http://www.timbertax.org/publications/irs/msp/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Program_Segment_Prefix", "http://www.tenouk.com/Bufferoverflowc/Bufferoverflow1a.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Purpose_of_segment_register_of_microprocessor", "http://www.unclefed.com/SurviveIRS/MSSP/" ] }

[]

[ "Pleurisy", "Pneumonia" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Between the alveoli is a thin layer of cells called the interstitium, which contains blood vessels and cells that help support the alveoli. The lungs are covered by a thin tissue layer called the pleura. The same kind of thin tissue lines the inside of the chest cavity -- also called pleura. 1 Sarcoidosis: Tiny areas of inflammation can affect all organs in the body, with the lungs involved most of the time. 2 The symptoms are usually mild; sarcoidosis is usually found when X-rays are done for other reasons. 3 Obesity hypoventilation syndrome: Extra weight makes it difficult to expand the chest when breathing.", "Pleurisy is a lung condition where the lining of your lungs and chest cavity are inflamed. The lung and chest cavity lining is called the pleura. Pleurisy causes sharp chest pains when you cough or breathe. It can be caused by a variety of conditions, including infection, cancer, or chest trauma. The lining inside the rib cage and around the lung is called the pleura. Inflammation of this lining is known as pleuritis, but the more commonly used term is pleurisy.", "Top 10 facts about the world. Alveolitis is a general medical term for a case of acute or chronic lung inflammation. It occurs when the inner linings of air sacs in the lungs called alveoli become irritated and damaged. Resulting symptoms may include shortness of breath, coughing, and fatigue that worsen over time. Acute or chronic lung inflammation is called alveolitis. The scarring and inflammation in alevoli tissue can be revealed with an x-ray scan. Asbestos exposure can damage alveoli. X-rays of the lung can help a doctor diagnose alveolitis in the early stages. View slideshow of images above.", "Respiratory System. The oxygen exchange in the lungs takes place across the membranes of small balloon-like structures called alveoli attached to the branches of the bronchial passages. These alveoli inflate and deflate with inhalation and exhalation. The behavior of the alveoli is largely dictated by LaPlace's law and surface tension. ", "A. Pleurisy, also called pleuritis, is an inflammation of the pleura, which is the moist, double-layered membrane that surrounds the lungs and lines the rib cage. The condition can make breathing extremely painful", "Pneumonia. Pneumonia represents an infection in one or both lungs that causes inflammation of the tiny air sacs, called alveoli, that line the lungs. Fungi, bacteria or viruses can cause pneumonia, when the alveoli fill with fluid and make breathing more difficult. Conclusion. When your lungs swell and become inflamed, the airways may feel constricted and you could find it harder to breathe. One general term for lung inflammation is pneumonitis, and this type of malady could have several causes. Learn three common causes of lung inflammation with this easy-to-follow guide.", "When there is inflammation in the chest or lungs, the pleura may rub directly against each other. This typically causes a sharp pain on the inflamed side of the chest that occurs when a person breathes in. The lining inside the rib cage and around the lung is called the pleura. Inflammation of this lining is known as pleuritis, but the more commonly used term is pleurisy.", "In this article. Pleurisy, also called pleuritis, is an inflammation of the pleura, which is the moist, double-layered membrane that surrounds the lungs and lines the rib cage. The condition can make breathing extremely painful" ], "url": [ "http://www.m.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/picture-of-the-lungs", "https://www.sharecare.com/health/pleurisy-inflammation/what-is-pleurisy", "http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-alveolitis.htm", "http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/ptens2.html", "http://www.webmd.com/lung/understanding-pleurisy-basics", "http://www.symptomfind.com/symptoms/3-common-causes-of-lung-inflammation/", "https://www.sharecare.com/health/pleurisy-inflammation/what-is-pleurisy", "http://www.webmd.com/lung/understanding-pleurisy-basics" ] }

[]

[ "Simple plastic" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "There are almost countless numbers of things made from thermosetting plastics. Just a single example are the plastic forks, knives and spoons that we consider as disposable … or single use utensils.", "Click here to find Thermoset Plastics Manufacturers. Thermoset, or thermosetting, plastics are synthetic materials that strengthen during being heated, but cannot be successfully remolded or reheated after their initial heat-forming. This is in contrast to thermoplastics, which soften when heated and harden and strengthen after cooling.", "Thermosetting plastics are simply plastics when moulded into shape and allowed to cool will not change shape when heated again they will char or burn an example of a thermoset … ting plastic is urea formaldehyde.", "The bulk of the material used to make a microwave is steel, and not thermosetting plastic. The cavity (the cooking space) is a metal cave with a door on it. There will be so … me components in an oven that are made of thermosetting plastic, but the bulk of the construction material is mild steel.", "A thermoplastic is a type of plastic made from polymer resins that becomes a homogenized liquid when heated and hard when cooled. When frozen, however, a thermoplastic becomes glass-like and subject to fracture. These characteristics, which lend the material its name, are reversible.", "There are almost countless numbers of things made from thermosetting plastics. Just a single example are the plastic forks, knives and spoons that we consider as disposable … or single use utensils. 12 people found this useful.", "Most plastics are made from oil. Plastics are man-made materials. They are a useful invention because they are waterproof, easy to shape and tough. They have taken the place of traditional materials like wood and metal in many products." ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_products_are_made_from_thermosetting_plastics", "http://www.thomasnet.com/about/thermoset-plastics-61020277.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_products_are_made_from_thermosetting_plastics", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_objects_are_made_out_of_thermosetting_plastics", "http://www.plasticseurope.org/what-is-plastic/types-of-plastics-11148/thermoplastics.aspx", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_objects_are_made_out_of_thermosetting_plastics", "http://www.petervaldivia.com/plastics/" ] }

[]

[ "maximum daily dose of 1,800 mg." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The starting dose range is 10 mg/kg/day to 15 mg/kg/day, given in three divided doses, and the effective dose reached by upward titration over a period of approximately 3 days. The effective dose of NEURONTIN in patients 3 to 4 years of age is 40 mg/kg/day, given in three divided doses. The effective dose of NEURONTIN in patients 5 to 11 years of age is 25 mg/kg/day to 35 mg/kg/day, given in three divided doses. NEURONTIN may be administered as the oral solution, capsule, or tablet, or using combinations of these formulation", "The starting dose is 300 mg three times a day. The effective dose of NEURONTIN is 300 mg to 600 mg three times a day. Dosages up to 2400 mg/day have been well tolerated in long-term clinical studies. The effective dose of NEURONTIN in patients 3 to 4 years of age is 40 mg/kg/day, given in three divided doses. The effective dose of NEURONTIN in patients 5 to 11 years of age is 25 mg/kg/day to 35", "I am really concerned that your doctor is confusing the maximum dosage for lyrica with the dosage for gabapentin (neurontin). Consistently, lyrica is not recommended in doses over 600 mg. gabapentin on the other hand can be OK at four-figure amount s. Neurontin-well I was up to 3600mg/ day, the dose, and it never ever made me sleepy. Others here have reported problems at only 100 - 300mg/ day. I'm now ex per imenting with Lyrica; coming of f the Neurontin slowly and going up on the Lyrica.", "As is always the case, do not adjust your dosage unless your healthcare provider specifically instructs you to do so. The recommended starting dosage of Neurontin for controlling partial seizures in adults and adolescents over 12 years old is Neurontin 300 mg three times daily. If necessary, your healthcare provider may increase your dose, up to a maximum of 800 mg three times daily, until your seizures are under control", "Gabapentin Dosage. Gabapentin comes in capsule form, as a regular or extended-release tablet, and as a liquid. A typical adult dose for postherpetic neuralgia usually starts at 300 milligrams (mg), and your doctor may increase the dose to up to 1,800 mg a day. Do not change the dose or stop taking gabapentin without speaking with your doctor first. The maximum dose for pain is 1800 mg. Gabapentin is a medication that needs to be slowly titrated up and down, under a doctor's care.", "In adults with postherpetic neuralgia, NEURONTIN therapy may be initiated on Day 1 as a single 300 mg dose, on Day 2 as 600 mg/day (300 mg two times a day), and on Day 3 as 900 mg/day (300 mg three times a day). The effective dose of NEURONTIN in patients 3 to 4 years of age is 40 mg/kg/day, given in three divided doses. The effective dose of NEURONTIN in patients 5 to 11 years of age is 25 mg/kg/day to 35", "Ad. In the treatment of epilepsy or seizures, standard Neurontin® dosage may be begin with 900 milligrams a day, usually split into three daily doses. This would be the first recommendation for anyone 12 years old or older. The dose may be doubled as needed, and go up to 1,800 milligrams a day. ", "Treatment of Epilepsy. The recommended initial dosage of Gabapentin (Neurontin) for adults being treated for epilepsy is 300 mg taken once up to three times a day. The usual maintenance dose is 900 mg per day given in 3 divided doses. If necessary, the maintenance dose may be increased up to the maximum daily dose of 1,800 mg, until the condition is under control. Children (aged 3 to 12 years old) should be given individualized dosage of gabapentin based on child’s body weight. Your gabapentin dosage depends on several of factors that include your age and weight, the medical condition being treated, other medications currently taken, and other underlying medical conditions. The following information provides only the average dosage as indicated by the manufacturer.", "Gabapentin can be initiated at doses of 100 to 300 mg at bedtime or 100 to 300 mg three times daily. The dose should be titrated by 100 to 300 mg every 3 to 7 days as tolerated to a maximum dose of 3600 mg per day. The usual effective dose is 1800 mg to 3600 mg per day, which may take several weeks to achieve. A recent crossover design study compared nortriptyline (maximum dose of 100 mg daily), gabapentin (maximum dose of 3600 mg daily), and a combination of both in 56 patients with painful diabetic neuropathy or PHN. Participants received each treatment for 6 weeks followed by a one week taper and a one-week washout phas" ], "url": [ "http://www.rxlist.com/neurontin-drug/indications-dosage.htm", "http://www.rxlist.com/neurontin-drug/indications-dosage.htm", "http://healthquestions.medhelp.org/neurontin-dosage-maximum", "http://epilepsy.emedtv.com/neurontin/neurontin-dosage.html", "http://www.everydayhealth.com/drugs/gabapentin", "http://www.rxlist.com/neurontin-drug/indications-dosage.htm", "http://www.wisegeek.org/what-is-the-standard-neurontin-dosage.htm", "http://www.drugsdb.com/rx/gabapentin/gabapentin-dosage/", "http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/730671_4" ] }

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[ "$100 to $200 per square foot or more" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "An average commercial steel building costs between $16 and $20 per square foot, including building package (I-Beams, purlins, girts etc.) , delivery, foundation and the cost of construction.", "Calculate your space rental costs for properties quoting Yearly Rates. For example it could be a gross rate of $24. or a Triple Net (NNN) rate of $12 Base + $8 NNN. If estimated operating expenses are included in the base rate (gross rate) then leave as $0.", "Taking all of these qualifications into account, the typical cost estimate for a basic steel industrial building is approximately $10 to $25 per square foot. This does not include the cost of land where the building is constructed, or the cost of site preparation and foundation.", "The average per square foot cost for commercial.... 2. 3. The average per square foot cost for commercial office space construction can be anywhere between $100 per square foot to $200 per square foot or even more. The cost will depend on the kind of material and fitting and furniture you plan to use for the office construction.", "According to Remodeling Magazine, the average home-office renovation runs $187.50 per square foot. This includes new cabinetry, countertops, added storage space, new carpeting, new drywall and modernized electrical wiring. You can find square footage by multiplying the length of a room by its width. Example: a 12-foot-by-12-foot room amounts to 144 square feet. The cost for renovation using Remodeling Magazine's average figure would be 144 times $187.50, or $27,000.", "3. The average per square foot cost for commercial office space construction can be anywhere between $100 per square foot to $200 per square foot or even more. The cost will depend on the kind of material and fitting and furniture you plan to use for the office construction." ], "url": [ "http://www.buildingsguide.com/faq/what-average-commercial-building-cost-square-foot", "http://www.austintenantadvisors.com/calculate-space-cost/", "http://www.buildingsguide.com/faq/what-cost-estimate-industrial-steel-building", "http://www.goftp.com/qna/What_is_the_cost_per_square_foot_for_manufacturing_space_in_Chongqing_China-qna243010.html", "http://smallbusiness.chron.com/average-cost-renovate-office-space-31284.html", "http://www.goftp.com/qna/What_is_the_cost_per_square_foot_for_manufacturing_space_in_Chongqing_China-qna243010.html" ] }

[]

[ "Japan was one of the most prepared countries in the world for a massive earthquake. " ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Japan is one of the best tsunami-prepared countries in the world, which is one of the reasons the world is still reeling from the 2011 event.", "All rights reserved. More from OurAmazingPlanet. VANCOUVER, British Columbia — In 2011, Japan was one of the most prepared countries in the world for a massive earthquake. Yet when a mega-quake hit Japan last March, sparking a huge tsunami, it was shockingly devastating.", "Japan gave the word tsunami-meaning harbour wave-to the world; the destructive sea surges have been recorded throughout the country's history. Tsunamis are triggered by earthquakes, hundreds of which strike Japan each year. An offshore quake in 1707 is said to have caused a tsunami that hit the island of Shikoku, leaving several thousand people dead.", "While there are many lessons Oregon can take away from the massive earthquake that struck Japan in 2011, one of the most basic is just how much more energy is released during a 9.0 compared to lesser magnitude earthquakes.", "Even so, had the earthquake not been so far off the coast of Japan, the damage to the country could have been even more severe, said Kanoa Koyanagi, a geophysicist at the Pacific Tsunami Warning Centre in Hawaii.", "Japan’s monster earthquake struck at 2:46 p.m. local time, about 150 km off the coast of the island of Honshu. Japan is one of the world’s most prepared societies when it comes to earthquakes, and a recently established early warning system broadcast alerts in many areas, including Tokyo, before the shaking began.", "For many viewers, the photos and video from Japan Friday brought back images of the 2004 tsunami disaster in Indonesia — debris-clogged water flooding streets, sweeping away houses and leaving destruction behind. The earthquake and the resulting tsunami in Southeast Asia killed more than 220,000 people in 2004.", "Japan's earthquake preparation has spared it from a far worse fate. People live in a constant state of readiness in a country that suffers a fifth of the world's most powerful earthquakes. Tokyo hotel workers after the earthquake in Japan.", "The deadliest quake in Japan’s history came in 1923, when more than 140,000 people perished in the magnitude 7.9 Great Kanto Earthquake. That tremor was centered southwest of Tokyo Bay. The March 11 quake struck more to the north, offshore from the city of Sendai." ], "url": [ "http://theconversation.com/we-should-have-been-prepared-for-the-fukushima-tsunami-5735", "http://www.nbcnews.com/id/46474365/ns/technology_and_science-science/t/one-year-later-lessons-learned-japans-deadly-quake/", "http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-pacific-12709793", "http://www.opb.org/news/series/unprepared/", "http://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/mar/11/japan-earthquake-preparation", "http://www.wired.com/2011/03/biggest-japanese-earthquake/", "http://www.pbs.org/newshour/rundown/japan-the-most-prepared-place-in-the-world-for-tsunami/", "http://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/mar/11/japan-earthquake-preparation", "http://www.wired.com/2011/03/biggest-japanese-earthquake/" ] }

[]

[ "It is a religious task or duty that has become definite through sound evidence but that is not ordered as strongly as fard; like sacrificing an animal, performing witr and eid prayers." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Fardh or its synonym wājib (واجب) is one of the five types of Ahkam into which Fiqh categorizes acts of every Muslim. The Hanafi Fiqh however makes a distinction between Wajib and Fard, the latter being obligatory and the former merely necessary. 1 Individual duty or fardh al-'ayn (الفرض العين) relates to tasks every Muslim is required to perform, such as daily prayer (salat), or the pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in a lifetime (hajj). 2 Sufficiency duty or fardh al-kifāya (الفرض الكفاية) is a duty which is imposed on the whole community of believers (ummah).", "The Fiqh distinguishes two sorts of duties: 1 Individual duty or fardh al-'ayn (الفرض العين) relates to tasks every Muslim is required to perform, such as daily prayer (salat), or the pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in a lifetime (hajj). 1 Individual duty or fardh al-'ayn (الفرض العين) relates to tasks every Muslim is required to perform, such as daily prayer (salat), or the pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in a lifetime (hajj). 2 Sufficiency duty or fardh al-kifāya (الفرض الكفاية) is a duty which is imposed on the whole community of believers (ummah).", "Home. Wajib is a religious task or duty that has become definite through sound evidence but that is not ordered as strongly as fard; like sacrificing an animal, performing witr and eid prayers. Author: Mehmet Dikmen.", "For this reason, 'wajib' of the Hanafi school is also known as fard `amali (i.e. an 'action fard') as opposed to fard i`tiqadi ('belief fard'), the normal fard, which one is required not only to act upon, but also to believe with full certainty and conviction that it is without doubt a duty. ", "wajib is also something necessary, although of a slightly lesser degree than Fardh. The person who denies this will not become a Kaafir, but will be a Faasiq (flagrant sinner). Sunnat-e-Muakkadah are those actions of Nabi which were done regularly. A person who leaves out such an act will be sinning. ", "1 Sufficiency duty or fardh al-kifāya (الفرض الكفاية) is a duty which is imposed on the whole community of believers (ummah). 2 The classic example for it is janaza: the individual is not required to perform it as long as a sufficient number of community members fulfill it. 1 Individual duty or fardh al-'ayn (الفرض العين) relates to tasks every Muslim is required to perform, such as daily prayer (salat), or the pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in a lifetime (hajj). 2 ", "A person who denies or rejects a Fardh will become a Kaafir. wajib is also something necessary, although of a slightly lesser degree than Fardh. The person who denies this will not become a Kaafir, but will be a Faasiq (flagrant sinner). Sunnat-e-Muakkadah are those actions of Nabi which were done regularly. A person who leaves out such an act will be sinning.", "Difference between Fardh, Wajib and Sunnah. What is the difference between Wajib and Fardh? Is the Sunnah after Maghrib Wajib, or Fardh, or Sunnah? What is the difference among these three? Answer. All perfect praise be to Allaah, The Lord of the Worlds. I testify that there is none worthy of worship except Allaah, and that Muhammad is His slave and Messenger. There is no difference according to the majority of the scholars between Fardh and Waajib. Fardh means Waajib and Waajib means Fardh (obligation).", "Report Abuse. “Waajib according to the Ahnaaf is a stage that is between the Fardh and Sunnah. The difference between a fardh and a Waajib is that the Fardh is from Daleel qat3i (absolute proof) and Waajib from daleel dhanni (not an absolute proof). As for acting upon them they are the same", "Fatwa No: 88389. What is the difference between Wajib and Fardh? Is the Sunnah after Maghrib Wajib, or Fardh, or Sunnah? What is the difference among these three? Answer. All perfect praise be to Allaah, The Lord of the Worlds. I testify that there is none worthy of worship except Allaah, and that Muhammad is His slave and Messenger. There is no difference according to the majority of the scholars between Fardh and Waajib. Fardh means Waajib and Waajib means Fardh (obligation)." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fard", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fard", "http://www.questionsonislam.com/article/what-wajib", "http://www.hidaya.org/social-welfare/qurbani/what-is-qurbani", "http://www.albalagh.net/qa/fard_wajib_sunnah.shtml", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fard", "http://islamqa.org/hanafi/albalagh/22286", "http://www.islamweb.net/emainpage/index.php?page=showfatwa&Option=FatwaId&Id=88389", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080725130359AA979Bq", "http://www.islamweb.net/emainpage/index.php?page=showfatwa&Option=FatwaId&Id=88389" ] }

[]

[ "Six to 12" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The only way to tell for sure is with a pregnancy test. Spotting and Cramping. A few days after conception, the fertilized egg attaches itself to wall of the uterus. This can cause one of the earliest signs of pregnancy -- spotting and, sometimes, cramping. That's called implantation bleeding. It occurs anywhere from six to 12 days after the egg is fertilized. The cramps resemble menstrual cramps, so some women mistake them and the bleeding for the start of their period", "You can take these within seven to 12 days of conception, which means you can test sooner than a urine test [source: American Pregnancy Association ]. However, results take longer to get. With a blood test, your doctor will take a blood sample. The qualitative hCG test detects the presence of the hormone in your blood; the quantitative hCG test measures the precise amount. To take a pregnancy test, you can see your doctor or you can purchase one to take one at home. A doctor's test will give you an accurate result, but a visit may be expensive. Home pregnancy tests are less expensive, and when taken correctly, can deliver quite accurate results.", "They can pick up hCG earlier in a pregnancy than urine tests can. Blood tests can tell if you are pregnant about six to eight days after you ovulate. Doctors use two types of blood tests to check for pregnancy: 1 Quantitative blood test (or the beta hCG test) measures the exact amount of hCG in your blood. 2 So it can find even tiny amounts of hCG. 3 This makes it very accurate. If a HPT says you are pregnant, you should call your doctor right away. Your doctor can use a more sensitive test along with a pelvic exam to tell for sure if you're pregnant. Seeing your doctor early on in your pregnancy can help you and your baby stay healthy.", "Pregnancy tests range in sensitivity from 10mIU/ml to 40 mlU/ml. The lower the number, the more sensitive the test, and the earlier it can detect pregnancy. If you test too soon in pregnancy, even with a sensitive test, the amount of hCG in your urine may not be high enough to detect. Getting a false negative, when a test that says you're not pregnant and you are, can be stressful. If you are pregnant, the levels of hormone may build up enough by then to be picked up by the test. A blood test can also detect hCG. Blood tests are more sensitive than urine tests and can detect pregnancy from about six to eight days after ovulation. However you will not be offered a blood test for pregnancy until after your period is due, and even then only if there is a medical need", "After a few minutes, an indicator on the stick will register whether you're pregnant. Generally, you can take this test as soon as you've missed your period, though some tests can be taken sooner. Blood test: There are two kinds of blood tests: qualitative hCG and quantitative hCG, also called a beta hCG test. To take a pregnancy test, you can see your doctor or you can purchase one to take one at home. A doctor's test will give you an accurate result, but a visit may be expensive. Home pregnancy tests are less expensive, and when taken correctly, can deliver quite accurate results.", "Nausea. Most pregnant women start to get the queasies when they're about 6 weeks along, but some can experience morning sickness (which unfortunately can occur morning, noon and night) earlier. It will most likely subside as you enter the second trimester. You won't know for sure whether you're a mama-to-be until you do the pee-stick test. If you get a negative result and you still don't get your period, it just might just be too early for the test to detect. In the meantime, look a few of these weird pregnancy symptoms that can appear upon conception.", "1 So, the earlier after a missed period you take the test the harder it is to spot the hCG. 2 Some HPTs claim that they can tell if you are pregnant one day after a missed period or even earlier. 3 But a recent study shows that most HPTs don't give accurate results this early in pregnancy. If a HPT says you are pregnant, you should call your doctor right away. Your doctor can use a more sensitive test along with a pelvic exam to tell for sure if you're pregnant. Seeing your doctor early on in your pregnancy can help you and your baby stay healthy.", "Report Abuse. Doctors can use a blood test to determine pregnancy almost immediately. My friend was 1 week and like 2 or 3 days and it showed in a blood test. With todays technology they could probably tell with blood the day after sex lol. Good Luck!! ", "A negative result can mean that you are not pregnant, you took the test too early, or you took the test wrong. Pregnancy tests vary in their sensitivity (how soon they can detect the hormone hCG), and you may not have given your body enough time to produce enough hCG hormones that will show up on the test. Also, if you let a test sit for too long (after the instructions on the box tell you), the test is invalid." ], "url": [ "http://www.webmd.com/baby/guide/pregnancy-am-i-pregnant", "http://health.howstuffworks.com/pregnancy-and-parenting/pregnancy/conception/how-early-test-for-pregnancy.htm", "http://womenshealth.gov/pregnancy/before-you-get-pregnant/knowing-if-pregnant.html", "http://www.babycentre.co.uk/pregnancy-test", "http://health.howstuffworks.com/pregnancy-and-parenting/pregnancy/conception/how-early-test-for-pregnancy.htm", "http://www.parenting.com/gallery/early-signs-of-pregnancy", "http://womenshealth.gov/pregnancy/before-you-get-pregnant/knowing-if-pregnant.html", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20081029184541AA8lWDt", "http://americanpregnancy.org/getting-pregnant/understanding-pregnancy-tests/" ] }

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[ "A loop diuretic used in the treatment of congestive heart failure and edema." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Furosemide treats fluid retention (edema) in people with congestive heart failure, liver disease, or a kidney disorder such as nephrotic syndrome. This medication is also used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension). Furosemide may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide. ", "BRAND NAME: Lasix. DRUG CLASS AND MECHANISM: Furosemide is a potent diuretic (water pill) that is used to eliminate water and salt from the body. In the kidneys, salt (composed of sodium and chloride), water, and other small molecules normally are filtered out of the blood and into the tubules of the kidney. ", "WHY is this medicine prescribed? Furosemide, a 'water pill,' is used to reduce the swelling and fluid retention caused by various medical problems, including heart or liver disease. It is also used to treat high blood pressure. It causes the kidneys to get rid of unneeded water and salt from the body into the urine. ", "2 Reviews. Lasix is the brand name of furosemide, a prescription drug used to eliminate extra water and salt in people who have problems with fluid retention. Swelling and fluid retention-also known as edema-can be caused by congestive heart failure, liver or kidney disease, as well as other conditions. Lasix is also used on its own or together with other drugs to treat high blood pressure (hypertension). Lasix is part of a group of drugs known as loop diuretics or water pills, which reduce the amount of water in the body by increasing the flow of urine.", "Furosemide is also used in horses for pulmonary edema, congestive heart failure (in combination with other drugs), and allergic reactions. Although it increases circulation to the kidneys, it does not help kidney function, and is not recommended for kidney disease. Furosemide, like other loop diuretics, acts by inhibiting NKCC2, the luminal Na-K-2Cl symporter in the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle.", "A: Lasix (furosemide) is a diuretic (water pill). Lasix signals the kidneys to get rid of (unneeded) salt and water from the body into the urine. Reducing salt and water from the body can reduce swelling and fluid retention and lower blood pressure. Lasix is also used on its own or together with other drugs to treat high blood pressure (hypertension). Lasix is part of a group of drugs known as loop diuretics or water pills, which reduce the amount of water in the body by increasing the flow of urine.", "Furosemide is a loop diuretic (water pill) that prevents your body from absorbing too much salt, allowing the salt to instead be passed in your urine. Furosemide treats fluid retention (edema) in people with congestive heart failure, liver disease, or a kidney disorder such as nephrotic syndrome. ", "Descriptions. Furosemide belongs to a group of medicines called loop diuretics (also known as water pills). Furosemide is given to help treat fluid retention (edema) and swelling that is caused by congestive heart failure, liver disease, kidney disease, or other medical conditions. It works by acting on the kidneys to increase the flow of urine", "Furosemide is primarily used for the treatment of hypertension and edema. It is the first-line agent in most people with edema caused by congestive heart failure. Furosemide, like other loop diuretics, acts by inhibiting NKCC2, the luminal Na-K-2Cl symporter in the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle.", "Furosemide (INN / BAN), previously frusemide (former BAN), is a loop diuretic used in the treatment of congestive heart failure and edema. It is most commonly marketed by Sanofi under the brand name Lasix, and also under the brand names Fusid and Frumex. Furosemide, like other loop diuretics, acts by inhibiting NKCC2, the luminal Na-K-2Cl symporter in the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle." ], "url": [ "http://www.rxlist.com/lasix-drug/patient-images-side-effects.htm", "http://www.medicinenet.com/furosemide/article.htm", "http://www.lifescript.com/health/centers/copd/drugs/furosemide.aspx", "http://www.everydayhealth.com/drugs/lasix", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Furosemide", "http://www.everydayhealth.com/drugs/lasix", "http://www.emedicinehealth.com/drug-furosemide/article_em.htm", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/furosemide-oral-route/description/DRG-20071281", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Furosemide", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Furosemide" ] }

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[ "Southeast and southwest regions of Australia." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "How To Tell a Mute Swan from a Native Swan: The most notable difference between mute swans and the two native swan species found in Michigan (trumpeter swan and tundra swan) is that adult mute swans have orange bills. The two native swans have black bills. Mute swans also have a black knob on the top of their bill, which is absent in the native swan species. Mute swans typically have an S-shaped curve to their neck, while trumpeter swans have a C-shaped curve. ", "For other uses, see Black swan (disambiguation) . The black swan (Cygnus atratus) is a large waterbird, a species of swan, which breeds mainly in the southeast and southwest regions of Australia. The species was hunted to extinction in New Zealand, but later reintroduced. A mature black swan measures between 110 and 142 centimetres (43 and 56 in) in length and weighs 3.7–9 kilograms (8.2–19.8 lb). Its wing span is between 1.6 and 2 metres (5.2 and 6.6 ft). The neck is long (relatively the longest neck among the swans) and curved in an S-shape.", "There are many different species of swans found all over the world, including Mute Swan, Trumpeter Swan, Tundra Swan, Black Swan, Coscoroba Swan, and Whooper Swan. While s … pecies like the Australian Black Swan are indigenous to Australia, others like the Trumpeter Swan is native to North America. ", "The black swan (Cygnus atratus) is a large waterbird, a species of swan, which breeds mainly in the southeast and southwest regions of Australia. A mature black swan measures between 110 and 142 centimetres (43 and 56 in) in length and weighs 3.7–9 kilograms (8.2–19.8 lb). Its wing span is between 1.6 and 2 metres (5.2 and 6.6 ft). The neck is long (relatively the longest neck among the swans) and curved in an S-shape.", "Black swans have been introduced to various countries as an ornamental bird in the 1800s, but have escaped and formed stable populations. A small population of Black swans exists on the River Thames at Marlow, and near the River Itchen, Hampshire. A mature black swan measures between 110 and 142 centimetres (43 and 56 in) in length and weighs 3.7–9 kilograms (8.2–19.8 lb). Its wing span is between 1.6 and 2 metres (5.2 and 6.6 ft). The neck is long (relatively the longest neck among the swans) and curved in an S-shape.", "Swans usually mate for life, though divorce does sometimes occur, particularly following nesting failure, and if a mate dies, the remaining swan will take up with another. The number of eggs in each clutch ranges from three to eight. The largest species, including the mute swan, trumpeter swan, and whooper swan, can reach a length of over 1.5 m (59 in) and weigh over 15 kg (33 lb). Their wingspans can be almost 3 m (9.8 ft). Compared to the closely related geese, they are much larger and have proportionally larger feet and necks.", "Young swans are known as swanlings or as cygnets, from Greek κύκνος, kýknos and from the Latin word cygnus (swan) and the Old French suffix-et (little). An adult male is a cob, from Middle English cobbe (leader of a group); an adult female is a pen. The largest species, including the mute swan, trumpeter swan, and whooper swan, can reach a length of over 1.5 m (59 in) and weigh over 15 kg (33 lb). Their wingspans can be almost 3 m (9.8 ft). Compared to the closely related geese, they are much larger and have proportionally larger feet and necks.", "They are rarely found in northern Australia and the centre. Black swans also originally also occurred in New Zealand, but were hunted to extinction there before being reintroduced in the mid-1860s. They have also naturally recolonised parts of New Zealand. They are common on a variety of coastal and inland lakes. Black swans are endemic to Australia, and breed primarily on wetlands in south-eastern and-western Australia and nearby coastal islands, covering a range of between one and ten million square kilometers.", "Generally, black swans nest in the wetter winter months (February to September), occasionally in large colonies. A black swan nest is essentially a large heap or mound of reeds, grasses and weeds between 1 and 1.5 metres (3-4½ feet) in diameter and up to 1 metre high, in shallow water or on islands. A mature black swan measures between 110 and 142 centimetres (43 and 56 in) in length and weighs 3.7–9 kilograms (8.2–19.8 lb). Its wing span is between 1.6 and 2 metres (5.2 and 6.6 ft). The neck is long (relatively the longest neck among the swans) and curved in an S-shape.", "The Northern Hemisphere species of swan have pure white plumage but the Southern Hemisphere species are mixed black and white. The Australian black swan (Cygnus atratus) is completely black except for the white flight feathers on its wings; the chicks of black swans are light grey. The South American black-necked swan has a white body with a black neck. The largest species, including the mute swan, trumpeter swan, and whooper swan, can reach a length of over 1.5 m (59 in) and weigh over 15 kg (33 lb). Their wingspans can be almost 3 m (9.8 ft). Compared to the closely related geese, they are much larger and have proportionally larger feet and necks." ], "url": [ "http://www.michigan.gov/dnr/0,4570,7-153-10370_12145_59132_59333-263418--,00.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_swan", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Where_do_swans_come_from", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_swan", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_swan", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swan", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swan", "http://www.myswan.org.au/index.php/black-swans/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_swan", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swan" ] }

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[ "The larynx is a tough, flexible segment of the respiratory tract connecting the pharynx to the trachea in the neck." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The larynx is another name for the voice box. It is a tube about 2 inches (5cm) long in adults. The larynx sits above the windpipe (trachea) in the neck, in front of the upper part of the food pipe (pharynx). The larynx is where the breathing and digestive systems separate. When you breathe in, air travels through your mouth, larynx, windpipe (trachea), and then into your lungs.", "The larynx /ˈlaerɪŋks/ (ˈlærɪŋks plural; larynges from The greek λάρυγξ), larynx lárynx commonly called the, voice box is an organ in the neck, of, amphibians reptiles and mammals involved, in breathing, sound production and protecting the trachea against. Food aspiration it manipulates pitch. and volume", "The larynx /ˈlaerɪŋks/ (ˈlærɪŋks plural; larynges from The greek λάρυγξ), larynx lárynx commonly called the, voice box is an organ in the neck, of, amphibians reptiles and mammals involved, in breathing, sound production and protecting the trachea against. food aspiration", "The larynx, also called the voice box, is a funnel-shaped organ located in the throat. It is formed by the hyoid bone and nine cartilages which are connected by muscles and ligaments. The primary functions of the larynx are to protect the trachea, or windpipe, when swallowing and to produce sound.", "The larynx is a tough, flexible segment of the respiratory tract connecting the pharynx to the trachea in the neck. It plays a vital role in the respiratory tract by allowing air to pass through it while keeping food and drink from blocking the airway.", "Larynx: A tube-shaped organ in the neck that contains the vocal cords. The larynx is about 5 cm (2 in.) long. It is part of the respiratory system and is located between the pharynx and the trachea. Humans use the larynx to breathe, talk, and swallow.", "The larynx is another name for the voice box. It is a tube about 2 inches (5cm) long in adults. It sits above the windpipe (trachea) in the neck and in front of the food pipe. The food pipe in the upper part of the neck is called the pharynx." ], "url": [ "http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/type/larynx-cancer/about/the-larynx", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Larynx", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Larynx", "http://www.wisegeekhealth.com/what-is-the-larynx.htm", "http://www.innerbody.com/anatomy/respiratory/head-neck/larynx", "http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=6224", "http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/type/larynx-cancer/about/the-larynx" ] }

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[ "A stone or concrete structure on navigable water used for loading and unloading vessels,a wharf.", "A structure built parallel to the bank of a waterway for use as a landing place." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "quay. the Arsenale dockyard. Venice, Italy. n. A wharf or reinforced bank for the loading or unloading of ships or boats. [Middle English. Half the sky was chequered with black thunderheads, but all the west was luminous and clear: in the lightning flashes it looked like deep blue water, with the sheen of moonlight on it; and the mottled part of the sky was like marble pavement, like the quay of some splendid seacoast city, doomed to destruction.", "quay. noun \\ˈkē, ˈkā, ˈkwā\\. Tweet. : a structure built on the land next to a river, lake, or ocean that is used as a place for boats to stop for loading and unloading freight and passengers. : a structure built parallel to the bank of a waterway for use as a landing place. See quay defined for English-language learners. Full Definition of QUAY. : a structure built parallel to the bank of a waterway for use as a landing place. See quay defined for English-language learners. See quay defined for kids. ADVERTISEMENT", "Provides safe anchoring or mooring for ships. A quay is the built up bank of a harbour or dock where ships can moor. A jetty is a sort of pier sticking out either to provide shelter for shipping, or short term mooring in deep water for ships that cannot approach the shore-such as liners and oil tankers. Dock (maritime), an area of water for building or repairing or loading and unloading ships or ferries. A port is a facility for receiving ships and transferring cargo. A quay, pronounced 'kay', 'key' or 'kway', is a wharf or bank where ships and other vessels are loaded. A harbor or harbour or haven, is a place where ships may shelter from the weather or are stored", "quay ‎(third-person singular simple present quays, present participle quaying, simple past and past participle quayed). 1 To land or tie up at a quay or similar structure, especially used in the phrase quay up . ", "noun. Boats tied up at a quay in Italy. Boats tied up at a quay in Italy. The definition of a quay is a wharf or platform built into the water and used to load or unload ships or other sea vessels. A concrete or stone dock for loading boats is an example of a quay. ", "quay. A structure of solid construction along a shore or bank that provides berthing and generally provides cargo-handling facilities. A similar facility of open construction is called a wharf. See also wharf. Half the sky was chequered with black thunderheads, but all the west was luminous and clear: in the lightning flashes it looked like deep blue water, with the sheen of moonlight on it; and the mottled part of the sky was like marble pavement, like the quay of some splendid seacoast city, doomed to destruction.", "Wiktionary (4.00 / 1 vote) Rate this definition: quay (Noun). A stone or concrete structure on navigable water used for loading and unloading vessels; a wharf. quay (Verb). To land or tie up at a quay or similar structure, especially used in the phrase quay up. Origin: From cai, from chai (modern French: quai). quay. A structure of solid construction along a shore or bank that provides berthing and generally provides cargo-handling facilities. A similar facility of open construction is called a wharf. See also wharf.", "Definition of QUAY for Kids. : a structure built along the bank of a waterway (as a river) for use as a landing for loading and unloading boats. Full Definition of QUAY. : a structure built parallel to the bank of a waterway for use as a landing place. See quay defined for English-language learners. See quay defined for kids. ADVERTISEMENT" ], "url": [ "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/quay", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/quay", "http://www.funtrivia.com/askft/Question84893.html", "https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/quay", "http://www.yourdictionary.com/quay", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/quay", "http://www.definitions.net/definition/Quay", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/quay" ] }

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[ "1) pursue the payments that cost you the most in monthly payments first or 2) pay of the highest interest debt first or 3) pay off the debt that has the smallest balance owed." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "For example, if you have a $10,000 credit card debt at 20% interest where you pay a minimum payment of $200 a month, you will end up taking 9 years and 8 months to pay off the actual amount of $21,680 including $11,680 in interest! The highest interest rate should be at the top as this is what you’ll pay off first. Paying off your high interest debt is the key to the Stack Method and paying off debt as fast as possible. Interest is a powerful weapon and right now the bank or other financial institutions are using it against you.", "If you have a certain amount of money available to pay off a portion of your credit card debt each month, even if that certain amount changes, there is a mathematically correct way of paying off that debt. You can call this approach the Debt Avalanche. There are really only three strategies to pay off debt: 1) pursue the payments that cost you the most in monthly payments first or 2) pay of the highest interest debt first or 3) pay off the debt that has the smallest balance owed.", "The most important thing in paying down debt faster and with less interest paid is the ‘catch-up payments’. As you pay off one debt, apply what you would have paid for that debt to something else. In short, it doesn’t much matter what you pay the $2000/month on first … only that you consistently spend down $2000/month. There are really only three strategies to pay off debt: 1) pursue the payments that cost you the most in monthly payments first or 2) pay of the highest interest debt first or 3) pay off the debt that has the smallest balance owed.", "A: Stacy, there are about as many ways of paying off debt as their blogs dedicated to the subject! First of all, I commend you for taking control of your financial situation and eliminating the temptation to go even deeper into debt. Q: If you have a canceled credit card and its balance is the lowest should you work on paying that one off first or one that isn’t canceled? Also, would you work on paying over the credit limit cards or paying off payday loans first? We have ideas but just aren’t sure where to start and attempt to tackle the debt.", "If you have a $10,000 credit card that is at 15% interest, but you take 6 months to pay off a $5,000 debt that is 10% interest you've just let your $10,000 debt increase by 5% (I'm not using actual API calculations, because that's really complicated, but you get the idea). It's silly. The highest interest rate should be at the top as this is what you’ll pay off first. Paying off your high interest debt is the key to the stack method. Interest is a powerful weapon and right now the bank or other financial institutions are using it against you.", "Make a list of all your debt with amounts and the interest rate. The highest interest rate should be at the top as this is what you’ll pay off first. Paying off your high interest debt is the key to the Stack Method and paying off debt as fast as possible. Interest is a powerful weapon and right now the bank or other financial institutions are using it against you.", "For example, if you have a $10,000 credit card debt at 20% interest where you pay a minimum payment of $200 a month, you will end up taking 9 years and 8 months to pay off the actual amount of $21,680 including $11,680 in interest! The highest interest rate should be at the top as this is what you’ll pay off first. Paying off your high interest debt is the key to the stack method. Interest is a powerful weapon and right now the bank or other financial institutions are using it against you.", "Having said that, I’ve violated this advice myself and closed an account before paying if off because of the way the credit card company treated me. From your question, it sounds like you have a variety of debts including a canceled credit card, an over-the-limit credit card or two, and some payday loans. The standard advice is to pay off the debts in the order of the interest rate – paying off those with the highest rates first. In my own experience, I have found that method of snowballing debt to be tougher to work through because of the lack of emotional reward returned. Q: If you have a canceled credit card and its balance is the lowest should you work on paying that one off first or one that isn’t canceled? Also, would you work on paying over the credit limit cards or paying off payday loans first? We have ideas but just aren’t sure where to start and attempt to tackle the debt.", "Either way, you can take the monthly payments formerly used to pay off the now from the paid-off account and apply it to the next debt. I see the logic in paying off a debt that has a lower balance, lower interest, but highest monthly payment among all debt owed – in order to free up more money month-over-month. There are really only three strategies to pay off debt: 1) pursue the payments that cost you the most in monthly payments first or 2) pay of the highest interest debt first or 3) pay off the debt that has the smallest balance owed.", "If you have one debt — perhaps a single credit card balance — the game plan is pretty simple. After budgeting for your essentials (rent, utilities, basic grocery needs), see how much extra money you can allocate to the credit card balance. Throw money at it till it’s gone. With two or more debts, things can be trickier. Depending on how much you can dedicate to paying off your debt, you can tackle multiple balances at once. You can use this credit card payoff calculator to see how much it will take for you to become free of credit card debt." ], "url": [ "http://www.lifehack.org/articles/money/how-pay-off-debt-fast-using-the-stack-method.html", "http://www.consumerismcommentary.com/the-correct-way-to-pay-off-personal-debt-the-debt-avalanche/", "http://www.consumerismcommentary.com/the-correct-way-to-pay-off-personal-debt-the-debt-avalanche/", "http://www.frugaldad.com/what-order-should-i-pay-off-my-debt/", "http://lifehacker.com/how-to-pay-off-your-debt-using-the-stack-method-576070292", "http://www.lifehack.org/articles/money/how-pay-off-debt-fast-using-the-stack-method.html", "http://lifehacker.com/how-to-pay-off-your-debt-using-the-stack-method-576070292", "http://www.frugaldad.com/what-order-should-i-pay-off-my-debt/", "http://www.consumerismcommentary.com/the-correct-way-to-pay-off-personal-debt-the-debt-avalanche/", "http://blog.credit.com/2014/12/which-debts-should-you-pay-off-first-103147/" ] }

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[ "It is used for upholstery, wall coverings, window treatments (if blended with another fiber), rugs, bedding and wall hangings." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Silk is a natural protein fiber, some forms of which can be woven into textiles. The protein fiber of silk is composed mainly of fibroin and is produced by certain insect larvae to form cocoons. The best-known silk is obtained from the cocoons of the larvae of the mulberry silkworm Bombyx mori reared in captivity (sericulture). Silk is considered to be a symbol of royalty, and, historically, silk was used primarily by the upper classes. Silk garments and sarees produced in Kanchipuram, Pochampally, Dharmavaram, Mysore, Arani in the south, Banaras in the north, and Murshidabad in the east are well recognized.", "09 Apr, 2012 uses 2. Silk is a natural fiber that is used to create materials. It is obtained from the cocoon of the mulberry silkworm which is reared in captivity. Silk is also made by a variety of other insects that undergo metamorphosis and some insects such as spiders that are web spinners. Uses of Silk. 1 Silk is mainly used in the manufacture of clothing such as dresses, ties, shirts, trousers, pajamas, underwear and folk costumes. 2 It is also used in skiing garments because of its ability to keep body warmth contained and because it is lightweight.", "Answer: It is used in clothing, yarns, decorative textiles, bed linens and fabric. Silk's good absorbency makes it comfortable to wear in warm weather and while active. Its low conductivity keeps warm air close to the skin during cold weather. It is often used for clothing such as shirts, blouses, formal dresses, high fashion clothes, negligees, pyjamas, robes, skirtsuits, sun dresses and kimonos. Silk's elegant, soft luster and beautiful drape makes it perfect for many furnishing applications. It is used for upholstery, wall coverings, window treatments (if blended with another fiber), rugs, bedding and wall hangings.", "Legend of Silk. Legend has it that the process for making silk cloth was first invented by the wife of the Yellow Emperor, Leizu, around the year 2696 BC. The idea for silk first came to Leizu while she was having tea in the imperial gardens. ", "Several kinds of wild silk, which are produced by caterpillars other than the mulberry silkworm, have been known and used in China, South Asia, and Europe since ancient times. However, the scale of production was always far smaller than for cultivated silks. Silk is considered to be a symbol of royalty, and, historically, silk was used primarily by the upper classes. Silk garments and sarees produced in Kanchipuram, Pochampally, Dharmavaram, Mysore, Arani in the south, Banaras in the north, and Murshidabad in the east are well recognized.", "1 Silk is sometimes used in the construction of parachute materials and cords, though it is more common for parachutes to be made from nylon. 2 It is also occasionally used to make the casing of bicycle tires; cotton and nylon are also used for this purpose. 3 Silk thread is used as a non-absorbable surgery sutures. Uses of Silk. 1 Silk is mainly used in the manufacture of clothing such as dresses, ties, shirts, trousers, pajamas, underwear and folk costumes. 2 It is also used in skiing garments because of its ability to keep body warmth contained and because it is lightweight.", "1 Silk is also used to make silk comforter or duvets which are lightweight and hypoallergenic. 2 It is also used as fabric for upholstery, curtains, rugs and bedding such as sheets. 3 Silk is sometimes used in the construction of parachute materials and cords, though it is more common for parachutes to be made from nylon. Uses of Silk. 1 Silk is mainly used in the manufacture of clothing such as dresses, ties, shirts, trousers, pajamas, underwear and folk costumes. 2 It is also used in skiing garments because of its ability to keep body warmth contained and because it is lightweight.", "Silk Habotai Fabrics. Also known as china silk this is the classic silk fabric you see used in all kinds of projects. This silk fabric has a soft and supple hand and a lustrous sheen. Perfect for beginners and students as it is economical and has a smooth surface so lends itself to all painting techniques. ", "Corn silk is used as a medicine. Corn silk is used for bladder infections, inflammation of the urinary system, inflammation of the prostate, kidney stones, and bedwetting. It is also used to treat congestive heart failure, diabetes, high blood pressure, fatigue, and high cholesterol levels. " ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silk", "http://wanttoknowit.com/uses-of-silk/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_is_silk_used", "http://www.ducksters.com/history/china/legend_of_silk.php", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silk", "http://wanttoknowit.com/uses-of-silk/", "http://wanttoknowit.com/uses-of-silk/", "http://www.dharmatrading.com/fabric/silk/silk-habotai-fabrics.html", "http://www.webmd.com/vitamins-supplements/ingredientmono-140-CORN%20SILK.aspx?activeIngredientId=140&activeIngredientName=CORN%20SILK" ] }

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[ "Between 3 1/2 and 4 months" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "1 Spaying and neutering for rabbits has become a safe procedure when performed by experienced rabbit veterinarians. 2 The House Rabbit Society has had over 1000 rabbits spayed or neutered with approximately .1% mortality due to anesthesia. 1 Your neutered male rabbit will live longer as well, given that he won’t be tempted to fight with other animals (rabbits, cats, etc.) due to his sexual aggression. 2 Altered rabbits make better companions. 3 They are calmer, more loving, and dependable once the undeniable urge to mate has been removed.", "For a month or two after being neutered, the male rabbit can still have semen stored in its body, so keep the rabbit away from any unspayed female for this period. Female rabbits can be spayed around 4 months of age but many vets prefer to wait until 6 months, since surgery is riskier on a younger rabbit. Males can be neutered once the testicles have descended. This usually happens from 3 months, up to perhaps 6 or 8 months. Spayed or Neutered rabbits. There are various reasons why you should have your rabbit spayed or neutered. Being spayed or neutered is in a rabbit's best interest as it will make them less aggressive and deter certain cancers. Female rabbits, Does, are spayed and male rabbits, Bucks, are neutered. When a female rabbit is spayed, they will live longer since the risk of reproductive ovarian, uterine and mammarian cancers are all but eliminated. They will also live healthier lives since they will not get infections of the urinary tract", "Reasons why you should have your rabbit spayed or neutered. 1 Male and female rabbits that are not spayed or neutered can start spraying urine to mark their territory when they start becoming hormonal at about four months old. 2 Approximately 80% of unspayed rabbits get uterine cancer at an early age. The longer you put off spaying your rabbit, the more prone your rabbit is to developing uterine cancer which in many cases is untreatable. Rabbits can be spayed/neutered as early as 4 - 6 months but your veterinarian will decide what age is best.", "Prerequisites for a sucessful introduction. Before attempting an introduction, the rabbits should be spayed or neutered, and you should wait for a full two weeks after the surgery before proceeding with the introduction. This delay both ensures proper healing and gives the hormones a chance to dissipate. This delay is especially important with a newly neutered male, as a male bunny can still be fertile for two weeks after fixing. Many of the calls we receive are from well-meaning rabbit caregivers who bring a new rabbit home, put him with their existing rabbit, and think all will be fine.", "The stronger smell of urine in uncastrated rabbits can be eliminated by neutering. A spay is actually an ovariohysterectomy; the uterus, ovaries and the two cervices of the rabbit are surgically removed. A castration, or orchidectomy is the removal of the testicles. ", "1 The risk of reproductive cancers (ovarian, uterine, mammarian) for an unspayed female rabbit stands at is virtually eliminated by spaying your female rabbit. 2 Your neutered male rabbit will live longer as well, given that he won’t be tempted to fight with other animals (rabbits, cats, etc.) due to his sexual aggression. 1 Your neutered male rabbit will live longer as well, given that he won’t be tempted to fight with other animals (rabbits, cats, etc.) due to his sexual aggression. 2 Altered rabbits make better companions. 3 They are calmer, more loving, and dependable once the undeniable urge to mate has been removed.", "My male rabbit was castrated yesterday so there is no need to spay my female rabbit. As well as the other reasons for spaying rabbits mentioned above, female rabbits should not be placed with male rabbits following a castration. This is because for up to six weeks following the procedure, breeding can still occur. ", "WHEN TO SPAY/NEUTER. Female rabbits reach sexual maturity at about 6 months of age and should be spayed at this point; male rabbits reach sexual maturity between 3 1/2 and 4 months (as soon as the testicles descend) and should be neutered at this point. Opposite-gender rabbits will have to be housed separately until both are fixed. " ], "url": [ "http://rabbit.org/faq-spaying-and-neutering/", "http://www.rabbitmatters.com/spayed-or-neutered.html", "http://www.bunnybunch.org/spayneuter2.html", "http://rabbit.org/faq-bonding-multiple-rabbits/", "http://www.peteducation.com/article.cfm?c=18+1803&aid=2147", "http://rabbit.org/faq-spaying-and-neutering/", "http://www.netvet.co.uk/rabbits/neutering/spaying-a-rabbit.htm", "http://www.mybunny.org/info/spaying-and-neutering/" ] }

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[ "Strategic procurement is advanced planning, scheduling, and group buying initiatives, a firm can experience significant cost savings.0 hilariously insightful foreign words." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Confidence votes 9. Strategic purchasing is a methodology used in many businesses to realize the greatest amount of benefit to the company while still effectively managing the costs associated with the acquisition of raw materials and operational components. ", "Strategic Procurement. ... [T]he best strategic sourcing decision may be to not make a purchase at all (Russel, 2009).. This concept addresses the fundamental objectives of purchasing activity and outlines useful implementation information for the development of a competitive purchasing strategy.", "vs. Ellucian. Strategic sourcing is an approach to supply chain management that formalizes the way information is gathered and used so that an organization can leverage its consolidated purchasing power to find the best possible values in the marketplace. You also agree that your personal information may be transferred and processed in the United States, and that you have read and agree to the Terms of Use and the Privacy Policy. Strategic sourcing requires analysis of what an organization buys, from whom, at what price and at what volume.", "10 hilariously insightful foreign words. The primary concept of strategic procurement is that through advanced planning, scheduling, and group buying initiatives, a firm can experience significant cost savings. ", "Tactical vs. Strategic Purchasing Description *. * The full technique overview is available for members only. Why not sign up for a free trial of our business management platform, and learn all about Tactical vs. Strategic Purchasing. Tactical vs. Strategic Purchasing References (4 of up to 20) *. 1 Aberdeen Group (2010) Strategic sourcing: The 2010 guide to driving savings and procurement performance.", "About. Strategic sourcing is the collaborative and structured process of critically analyzing an organization’s spending and using this information to make business decisions about acquiring commodities and services more effectively and efficiently. ", "(October 2010). Procurement is the act of acquiring, buying goods, services or works from an external source. It is favourable that the goods, services or works are appropriate and that they are procured at the best possible cost to meet the needs of the acquirer in terms of quality and quantity, time, and location. Procurement life cycle in modern businesses usually consists of seven steps: 1 Identification of Need: This is an internal step for a company that involves understanding of the company needs by establishing a short term strategy (three to five years) followed by defining the technical direction and requirements.", "strategic sourcing. A method of managing procurement processes for an organization in which the procedures, methods, and sources are constantly re-evaluated to optimize value to the organization. ", "From transaction-focused to source of added value. As the role of sourcing and procurement continues to evolve, a new set of objectives is coming into focus, namely, the need to elevate procurement's role to more of a trusted advisor and improving its business agility. " ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_strategic_Procurement_or_strategic_Purchasing", "https://www.kbmanage.com/concept/strategic-procurement", "http://searchfinancialapplications.techtarget.com/definition/strategic-sourcing", "http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-strategic-procurement.htm", "https://www.kbmanage.com/concept/tactical-vs-strategic-purchasing", "http://www.acq.osd.mil/dpap/ss/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procurement", "http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/strategic-sourcing.html", "http://www.thehackettgroup.com/expertise/sourcing-procurement-strategy/" ] }

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[ "Organizations and individuals must register in order to apply for funding through Grants.gov." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Organizations and individuals must register in order to apply for funding through Grants.gov. Other official sources of information on government funding include the Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance, the Federal Register, and individual agency web sites. For information on these and additional resources, see the listing of books, articles, and web sites below.", "Grants. A grant is an amount of money given to an individual or business for a specific project or purpose. You can apply for a grant from the government, the European Union, local councils and charities. 5. A grant is an amount of money given to an individual or business for a specific project or purpose. You can apply for a grant from the government, the European Union, local councils and charities.", "1 Scammers pressure people to divulge their bank account information so that they can steal the money in the account. 2 Always keep your bank account information confidential. 3 Don't share it unless you are familiar with the company and know why the information is necessary. 4 Don't pay any money for a free government grant. 1 If you have to pay money to claim a free government grant, it isn't a government grant and it isn't really free. 2 A real government agency won't ask you to pay a processing fee for a grant that you have already been awarded—or to pay for a list of grant-making institutions.", "Before applying for a funding opportunity, your organization needs to register with Grants.gov, and so do you as an Authorized Organization Representative (AOR). ", "Things to consider before applying for government funding: 1 The majority of government grants are awarded to state agencies or eligible nonprofit organizations, and not to individuals. 2 For information on funding for individuals, see our frequently asked questions for individual grantseekers or visit Benefits.gov. Other official sources of information on government funding include the Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance, the Federal Register, and individual agency web sites. For information on these and additional resources, see the listing of books, articles, and web sites below.", "About Grants.gov. Grants.gov is your place to FIND and APPLY for federal grants. The United States Department of Health and Human Services is proud to be the managing partner for Grants.gov. Learn more about Grants.gov. ", "Some state-sponsored or college-based grants will require additional applications for their grant funding, since many have academic requirements outside of any need-based qualifications. Pay attention to the details of each award you’re going for so that you don’t submit an incomplete application. The students in most financial need will be eligible for the most grant funding on the federal level. Federal Pell Grant recipients, for example, take into account both the student’s and that student’s parents’ income levels. Most Pell grant money goes to students with a total family income below $20,000.", "Grants.gov is the official government site for information on federal grants and funding. Managed by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the site offers a database of more than 1,000 grant programs administered by 26 federal grantmaking agencies, searchable by agency, category, eligibility or CFDA number. Other official sources of information on government funding include the Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance, the Federal Register, and individual agency web sites. For information on these and additional resources, see the listing of books, articles, and web sites below.", "1 A real government agency won't ask you to pay a processing fee for a grant that you have already been awarded—or to pay for a list of grant-making institutions. 2 Specifically, Federal government agencies and employees never ask people to wire money or use a prepaid debit card to pay for anything. 1 If you have to pay money to claim a free government grant, it isn't a government grant and it isn't really free. 2 " ], "url": [ "http://grantspace.org/tools/knowledge-base/Funding-Resources/Government-Funders/government-grants", "https://www.gov.uk/business-finance-explained/grants", "http://www.hhs.gov/grants/grants/avoid-grant-scams/index.html", "http://www.grants.gov/web/grants/applicants/organization-registration.html", "http://grantspace.org/tools/knowledge-base/Funding-Resources/Government-Funders/government-grants", "http://www.grants.gov/", "https://www.scholarships.com/financial-aid/grants/applying-for-grants/", "http://grantspace.org/tools/knowledge-base/Funding-Resources/Government-Funders/government-grants", "http://www.hhs.gov/grants/grants/avoid-grant-scams/index.html" ] }

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[ "It was a 15 year old car replaced the serpentine belt once because it broke when i had to have the water pump replaced. I drove it a long time before this happened." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "On a vehicle with a serpentine belt system there is always a tensioner pulley. Usually in the center of the routing network, you need to place the correct size wrench on it a … nd push or pull with one hand releasing the tension on the belt. With the tension released, use the other hand and slip the belt out. ) Belt tension of each belt is checked by pushing on the belt at a distance halfway between the pulleys (push firmly with your thumb and see how much the belt deflects) A rule of thumb is that if the distance from pulley centre is between 7 and 11 inches the belt should deflect 1/4 inch, 12 to 16 inches 1/2 inch.", "This is the belt on your car that drives the accessories. In order to technically be a serpentine belt, it must drive multiple accessories. Things like: 1 Power steering pump. 2 Alternator. 3 Air conditioning compressor. 4 Water pump. 5 Super charger. 6 Smog pump(this is an emissions control on older cars. Do you need a properly functioning belt, YES. Do you have to replace it right now, probably not. This is a part that I highly recommend you ask your mechanic to show you. If it looks like it is full of cracks, or is soaked in oil/coolant, replace it.", "Replacing the serpentine belt may cost from $75 to $250, depending on the car. Is it easy to replace the serpentine belt as a DIY project? If you have sufficient mechanical skills, proper tools and the belt routing diagram, it’s not very difficult. Your parts store may help you with the routing diagram and tools. ", "The point at which you should have your serpentine belt changed depends on the vehicle. It is best to check the owner's manual. That said, under the best of conditions, th … e belt should last from 60,000 to 100,000 miles, depending on the vehicle. Losen the idler then slide off the serpentine belt off. There should be a diagram for routing the belt if not draw a diagram before rem … oving it. Replace the serpentine belt crank it 2 or 3 times but don't start the engine.", "Answer by lynn (821). I'm not sure on this I think it probably depends on how much wear and tear is put on the car. I have a 15 year old car and to my knowledge replaced the serpentine belt once because it broke when i had to have the water pump replaced. I drove it a long time before this happened. add a comment.", "1 Hiring a mechanic to replace a serpentine belt typically costs about $60-$200 or more. 2 This includes $25-$75 for the belt plus half an hour to an hour of labor, at $75-$120 per hour. 3 The job could even take longer on some vehicles, if the belt is difficult to access or install quickly. ", "What you need is a ratchet 15mm socket. Losen the idler then slide off the serpentine belt off. There should be a diagram for routing the belt if not draw a diagram before rem … oving it. Replace the serpentine belt crank it 2 or 3 times but don't start the engine.", "Report Abuse. If you have that many cracks in one inch of the belt contact side it needs to be replaced. The belt costs about 30.00 and it is not hard to replace it yourself. labor at a shop would be about 1/2 and hour. John · 2 years ago.", "To decide if your belt needs replacing, simply look at the grooved side of the belt to see if it is cracking badly. A couple of cracks every 3 inches is normal, but if you see cracks every 1-2 inches I would recommend that you replace it. On most cars and trucks the procedure is basically the same. Losen the idler then slide off the serpentine belt off. There should be a diagram for routing the belt if not draw a diagram before rem … oving it. Replace the serpentine belt crank it 2 or 3 times but don't start the engine.", "Serpentine belts are built to last – much longer than before because of advancements in rubber technology. Under ideal conditions, a belt should stick with you for an average of 60,000 to 100,000 miles. Pretty impressive. However, some belts are manually tensioned and may need to be adjusted. Others have a self-tensioning mechanism that can experience wear over time and may need to be serviced. Some rides may have an additional belt to run select accessories, but the serpentine does the bulk of the work. Before this all-in-one serpentine solution, cars were equipped with many different belts to power individual parts and components. Get your engine belt inspected or replaced." ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/When_do_you_replace_a_serpentine_belt", "http://humblemechanic.com/2012/12/03/does-my-car-really-need-this-service-serpentine-belt/", "http://www.testingautos.com/drive-belt-replaced", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_often_do_you_change_a_serpentine_belt", "http://snippets.com/how-often-does-a-serpentine-belt-need-to-be-replaced.htm", "http://cars.costhelper.com/serpentine-belt.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_often_do_you_change_a_serpentine_belt", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20130815082418AAMYR0j", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_often_do_you_change_a_serpentine_belt", "http://www.firestonecompleteautocare.com/cf/maintenance/your-cars-serpentine-belt/" ] }

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[ "The Roman hand abacus, a portable, but less capable, base-10 version of the previous Babylonian abacus. It was the first portable calculating device for engineers, merchants and presumably tax collectors." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The abacus (plural abaci or abacuses), also called a counting frame, is a calculating tool that was in use centuries before the adoption of the written modern numeral system and is still widely used by merchants, traders and clerks in Asia, Africa, and elsewhere. The Greek abacus was a table of wood or marble, pre-set with small counters in wood or metal for mathematical calculations. This Greek abacus saw use in Achaemenid Persia, the Etruscan civilization, Ancient Rome and, until the French Revolution, the Western Christian world.", "The Roman Abacus. The ancient Romans designed the first portable calculating device for use by moneychangers and bankers, businessmen, and engineers. This Roman abacus, made of bronze and dating from the second century CE, is currently on display at the Bibliotheque Bibliothèque nationale In. paris", "A reconstruction of a Roman hand abacus, made by the RGZ Museum in Mainz, 1977. The original is bronze and is held by the Bibliotheque bibliothèque nationale De, france In. Paris The Ancient romans developed The roman hand, abacus a, portable but less, capable-base 10 version of the Previous babylonian. abacus The name semuncia denotes 1/2 of an uncia or 1/24 of the base unit, the As. Likewise, the next character is that used to indicate a sicilicus or 1/48 of an As, which is 1/4 of an uncia. These two characters are to be found in the table of Roman fractions on page 75 of Graham Flegg's book.", "The Roman hand abacus had a lower groove which represents units and the beads in the upper grooves were in fives such that five units, five tens and so on. The groove values were marked by roman numerals. This was designed to bi-quinary coded decimal system. This counting board was the Roman hand abacus. Structure of Roman Abacus. The Roman Abacus was made of metal plate and this was where the beads ran in slots. The size of the abacus was such that it can fit into the pocket of a modern shirt.", "50 and 20. The diagram is based on the Roman hand abacus at the London Science Museum. The lower groove marked I indicates units, X tens, and so on up to millions. The beads in the upper shorter grooves denote fives—five units, five tens, etc. , essentially in a bi-quinary coded decimal place value system. The name semuncia denotes 1/2 of an uncia or 1/24 of the base unit, the As. Likewise, the next character is that used to indicate a sicilicus or 1/48 of an As, which is 1/4 of an uncia. These two characters are to be found in the table of Roman fractions on page 75 of Graham Flegg's book.", "The construction of roman abacus has seven longer and shorter grooves for whole number counting, the former having four beads while the latter has only one. The rightmost two grooves are used for fractional counting. Sponsored Links. The abacus was made of a metal sheet and the size was small enough to fit into a shirt pocket, almost like our modern day calculator. This device has helped the basic operation of roman arithmetic and roman numerals. The Romans are said to have a flourished economy, and they have discovered the hand abacus. It was almost a copy of the Babylonian abacus but the changes Romans have introduced for decimal system has helped the engineers a lot. In Rome the hand abacus was used by the engineers, merchants and the tax collectors.", "The abacus, called Suan-Pan in Chinese, as it appears today, was first chronicled circa 1200 C.E. in China. The device was made of wood with metal re-inforcements. On each rod, the classic Chinese abacus has 2 beads on the upper deck and 5 on the lower deck; such an abacus is also referred to as a 2/5 abacus. The 2/5 style survived unchanged until circa 1850 at which time the 1/5 (one bead on the top deck and five beads on the bottom deck) abacus appeared.", "The Ancient Romans developed the Roman hand abacus, a portable, but less capable, base-10 version of the previous Babylonian abacus. It was the first portable calculating device for engineers, merchants and presumably tax collectors. The name semuncia denotes 1/2 of an uncia or 1/24 of the base unit, the As. Likewise, the next character is that used to indicate a sicilicus or 1/48 of an As, which is 1/4 of an uncia. These two characters are to be found in the table of Roman fractions on page 75 of Graham Flegg's book.", "Chinese Abacus. The Abacus (Soroban in Japanese) is a very simple calculating tool, often constructed as a wooden frame with beads sliding on wires. The origin of the Abacus is unknown, for many different cultures are known to have used similar tool" ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abacus", "http://vroma.org/~bmcmanus/abacus.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_abacus", "http://www.abacuslessons.com/roman-abacus.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_abacus", "http://www.abacuslessons.com/what-is-roman-abacus.html", "http://www.ee.ryerson.ca/~elf/abacus/history.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_abacus", "http://wizardofmathsd.com/en/About" ] }

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[ "WONDERFLEX is an extruded thermoplastic composite sheet." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "With a little time, patience and experience the use of WONDERFLEX is truly “limited by your imagination”. Use traditional sculpting tools, a wooden tongue depressor, flat head srew driver, old spoons or whatever, to work more intricate areas.", "Wonderflex® is a thermoplastic-a type of plastic sheeting which can be softened and shaped under low heat to mould and form sculptural shapes. It sets hard and strong. It also becomes sticky when heated, so it bonds easily to other fabrics and surfaces. Wonderflex® contains three elements:", "WONDERFLEX is an extruded thermoplastic composite sheet. It is comprised of a unique synthetic polymer that when heated in the range of 150-170 degrees Fahrenheit (70-80 degrees C), will soften and activate a built in adhesive for molding and forming.", "WonderFlex. Expect the unexpected with top this of the line premium cotton/polyester/spandex stretch fabric. Scrub tops and scrub pants are designed with innovative and modern styling, including triple needle stitching, bar tacks, a bungee loop and signature pockets.", "Fosshape and Wonderflex. Those of you who’ve used Fosshape and Wonderflex know just how cool these products are for costuming and prop-making. Just a little steam, and the Fosshape transforms from a felt-like fabric into a shape-holding plastic. And Wonderflex is amazing too.", "SPECIAL-Wonderflex Tutorial Wonderflex is a thin plastic sheet with a layer of gauzelike fabric embedded into it. The plastic becomes malleable when heated at which point it can be shaped with one s fingers or over a mold.", "I mainly work with the termoplastic materials Worbla or Wonderflex. Wonderflex is the grey stuff, Worbla the brown one that looks like cookie dough. In addition I usually add a layer of craft foam between two layers of Worbla or Wonderflex to make them more sturdy and controllable.", "You have found the suppliers of all things WONDERFLEX® and FOSSHAPE®. Home of the leading heat activated composite material and heat activated fabric for theatre, costumes, millinery, mask or armor making, puppetry, props, cosplay, craft work, model making, set design, the entertainment industry and beyond." ], "url": [ "http://www.wonderflexworld.com/wonderflex-frequently-asked-questions/", "http://www.torbandreiner.com/MillineryMaterials/wonderflex", "http://www.wonderflexworld.com/wonderflex-frequently-asked-questions/", "http://www.tafford.com/wonderflex", "http://www.theengineerguy.com/Products_2/Fosshape-and-Wonderflex/", "http://www.amethyst-angel.com/cb/ffvii_cloudpauldron_wonderflex.html", "https://www.kamuicosplay.com/faq/", "http://www.wonderflexworld.com/" ] }

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[ "An antihistamine used to relieve symptoms of allergy, hay fever, and the common cold.", "An antihistamine used to relieve symptoms of allergy, hay fever, and the common cold." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Chlorpheniramine is an antihistamine medication used as an active ingredient in many different non-prescription products (such as Chlor-Trimeton ®) and prescription drugs (such as Tussionex ®). It is used to treat allergies such as hay fever, hives, and the common cold.", "Uses. Chlorpheniramine is an antihistamine used to relieve symptoms of allergy, hay fever, and the common cold. These symptoms include rash, watery eyes, itchy eyes /nose/throat/ skin, cough, runny nose, and sneezing.", "Chlorpheniramine is an antihistamine that reduces the effects of natural chemical histamine in the body. Histamine can produce symptoms of sneezing, itching, watery eyes, and runny nose. Chlorpheniramine is used to treat runny nose, sneezing, itching, and watery eyes caused by allergies, the common cold, or the flu. Chlorpheniramine may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide. Always ask a doctor before giving a cough or cold medicine to a child.", "Chlorpheniramine is an antihistamine that reduces the effects of natural chemical histamine in the body. Histamine can produce symptoms of sneezing, itching, watery eyes, and runny nose. Chlorpheniramine is used to treat runny nose, sneezing, itching, and watery eyes caused by allergies, the common cold, or the flu. Chlorpheniramine may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide." ], "url": [ "http://cold.emedtv.com/chlorpheniramine/chlorpheniramine.html", "http://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-4156/chlorpheniramine-oral/details", "http://www.everydayhealth.com/drugs/chlorpheniramine", "http://www.rxlist.com/chlor-trimeton-drug/patient-images-side-effects.htm" ] }

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[ "Tea tree oil , Australian Lemon Myrtle, Apple cider vinegar are home remedies for molluscum contagiosum." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Molluscum contagiosum is a skin infection that causes small pearly or flesh-colored bumps. The bumps may be clear, and the center often is indented. The infection is caused by a virus. The virus is easily spread but is not harmful.", "As a result, many parents often search for natural remedies for molluscum contagiosum in children. Traditional treatments for MCV include procedures like burning, cutting and freezing lesions-treatments that can be frightening and painful for children (and parents!).", "The Molluscum Contagiosum Virus (MCV) is a common skin disease that is (a) a contagious condition affecting children and (b) a transmitted infection affecting adults. Molluscum is caused by a poxvirus that infects only the skin by entering through small breaks in the skin's barrier.", "Apple cider vinegar is a natural remedy for molluscum contagiosum. It has antibacterial, antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties which destroy the infection at the root and effect quick healing. Take a cotton wad and dip it in apple cider vinegar. Dab the vinegar all over the bumps. Apply this, three times daily.", "Molluscum contagiosum (MC) is a viral infection of the skin or occasionally of the mucous membranes, sometimes called water warts. It is caused by a DNA poxvirus called the molluscum contagiosum virus (MCV).", "Molluscum contagiosum is a common, contagious viral skin infection caused by poxvirus. This skin condition most commonly affects children and sexually active adults, but it can also affect individuals whose immune system is not strong.", "Australian Lemon Myrtle. This is one of the good Molluscum contagiosum home remedy that is used successfully for treating molluscan virus. You can use it by mixing with olive oil and apply it daily using droop. Tea tree oil. Tea tree oil is one of the common and available home remedies for molluscum contagiosum. It contains useful properties like antibacterial and antiseptic which is very essential to cure molluscum. It has powerful astringent that can help to reduce the growth of lesions." ], "url": [ "http://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/tc/molluscum-contagiosum-topic-overview", "http://www.molluscumrx.com/blog/natural-remedies-for-molluscum-contagiosum-in-children/", "https://www.amoils.com/molluscum.html", "http://www.natural-homeremedies.com/natural-cure-for-molluscum-contagiosum/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molluscum_contagiosum", "http://www.ehow.com/way_5455588_home-remedies-molluscum-contagiosum.html", "http://www.ihomeremedy.net/home-remedies-for-molluscum-contagiosum/" ] }

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[ "Its main functions include regulating the concentration of sodium salts and water by filtering the kidney’s blood, excreting any excess in the urine and reabsorbing the necessary amounts.unction of Nephron.", "Regulating the concentration of sodium salts and water by filtering the kidney’s blood, excreting any excess in the urine and reabsorbing the necessary amounts." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Each nephron is composed of an initial filtering component (the renal corpuscle ) and a tubule specialized for reabsorption and secretion (the renal tubule). The renal corpuscle filters out solutes from the blood, delivering water and small solutes to the renal tubule for modification. The two general classes of nephrons are cortical nephrons and juxtamedullary nephrons, both of which are classified according to the length of their associated Loop of Henle and location of their renal corpuscle.", "Its chief function is to regulate water and soluble substances by filtering the blood, reabsorbing what is needed and excreting the rest as urine. Nephrons eliminate wastes from the body, regulate blood volume and pressure, control levels of electrolytes and metabolites, and regulate blood pH. The chief function of nephrons is to regulate the concentration of water and soluble substances (electrolytes) by filtering the blood, reabsorbing what is needed and excreting … the rest as urine. 6 people found this useful. Judy Olmsted.", "About one million nephrons are in the cortex of each kidney, and each one consists of a renal corpuscle and a renal tubule which carry out the functions of the nephron. The renal tubule consists of the convoluted tubule and the loop of Heinle. The nephron is part of the homeostatic mechanism of your body. The nephron is the basic functional and structural unit found in the kidneys. Its main functions include regulating the concentration of sodium salts and water by filtering the kidney’s blood, excreting any excess in the urine and reabsorbing the necessary amounts.", "Its chief function is to regulate water and soluble substances by filtering the blood, reabsorbing what is needed and excreting the rest as urine. Nephrons eliminate wastes from the body, regulate blood volume and pressure, control levels of electrolytes and metabolites, and regulate blood pH. Nephrons are the smallest functional filtering units of the kidneys. They are located in the adrenal cortex (outer crust) which is considered the urine manufacturing facil … ity. The adrenal medulla (inner core) is the urine collecting facility.", "(June 2011). The nephron (from Greek νεφρός - nephros, meaning kidney) is the basic structural and functional unit of the kidney. Its chief function is to regulate the concentration of water and soluble substances like sodium salts by filtering the blood, reabsorbing what is needed and excreting the rest as urine. The two general classes of nephrons are cortical nephrons and juxtamedullary nephrons, both of which are classified according to the length of their associated Loop of Henle and location of their renal corpuscle.", "What is Nephron and function. Nephron-The microscopic functional unit of the kidney. Each kidney contains more than a million nephrons, each of which extends from the renal cortex into the renal medulla in fairly linear fashion.", "Function of Nephron. The nephron is the basic functional and structural unit found in the kidneys. Its main functions include regulating the concentration of sodium salts and water by filtering the kidney’s blood, excreting any excess in the urine and reabsorbing the necessary amounts. Function of Nephron. The main functions of the nephron are related to filtering, reabsorbing and secreting glutamate, carbohydrates and solutes. The glomerulus has two cell layers as well as a basement membrane that separate it from the Bowman’s capsule.", "nephron. the structural and functional unit of the kidney, each nephron being capable of forming urine by itself. The nephron consists of the renal corpuscle, the proximal convoluted tubule, the descending and ascending limbs of the loop of Henle, the distal convoluted tubule, and the collecting tubule. Each kidney is an aggregation of about a million nephrons. ", "· just now. Report Abuse. Nephron is the basic structural and functional unit of the kidney. Its chief function is to regulate the concentration of water and soluble substances like sodium salts by filtering the blood, reabsorbing what is needed and excreting the rest as urine. The nephron is the basic functional and structural unit found in the kidneys. Its main functions include regulating the concentration of sodium salts and water by filtering the kidney’s blood, excreting any excess in the urine and reabsorbing the necessary amounts." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nephron", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_function_of_nephrons", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090505094729AAvQL2k", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_function_of_nephron", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nephron", "http://www.beltina.org/health-dictionary/nephron-function-kidney-definition.html", "http://www.med-health.net/Function-Of-Nephron.html", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/nephron", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090505094729AAvQL2k" ] }

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[ "It is a hormone that supports the normal development of an egg in a woman's ovary, and stimulates the release of the egg during ovulation." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Human chorionic gonadotrophin is a reproductive hormone that is essential for establishing and maintaining early pregnancy. Alternative names for human chorionic gonadotrophin Human chorionic gonadotrophin; hCG; Novarel; Ovidrel; Pregnyl; A.P.L; Profasi; Chorex; Chorigon; Chorigon-10. ", "In fact, the Food and Drug Administration has advised consumers to steer clear of over-the-counter weight-loss products that contain HCG. HCG is human chorionic gonadotropin, a hormone produced during pregnancy. ", "In molecular biology, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a hormone produced by the syncytiotrophoblast, a portion of the placenta following implantation. The presence of hCG is detected in pregnancy tests. Some cancerous tumors produce this hormone; therefore, elevated levels measured when the patient is not pregnant can lead to a cancer diagnosis. However, it is not known whether this production is a contributing cause or an effect of tumorigenesis.", "Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG). Guide. The human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) test is done to check for the hormone hCG in blood or urine. Some hCG tests measure the exact amount and some just check to see if the hormone is present. HCG is made by the placenta during pregnancy. The hCG test can be used to see if a woman is pregnant or as part of a screening test for birth defects.", "Be the first to review this Drug. Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) is a natural hormone that doctors prescribe as an injectable drug with the brand names Pregnyl and Novarel, and in a related form called Ovidrel. HCG improves fertility by increasing sperm production in men and encouraging egg release in women. A: Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) is a hormone that supports the normal development of an egg in a woman's ovary, and stimulates the release of the egg during ovulation. HCG is used to cause ovulation and treat infertility in women and to increase sperm count in men.", "A: Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) is a hormone that supports the normal development of an egg in a woman's ovary, and stimulates the release of the egg during ovulation. It can be used to cause ovulation and to treat infertility in women, and to increase sperm count in men. It is not indicated for weight loss. A: Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) is a hormone that supports the normal development of an egg in a woman's ovary, and stimulates the release of the egg during ovulation. HCG is used to cause ovulation and treat infertility in women", "A: HCG, or human chorionic gonadotropin, is a hormone that is naturally produced during pregnancy to help maintain pregnancy. HCG levels are often measured, in the blood or urine, as a test to confirm a pregnancy. A: Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) is a hormone that supports the normal development of an egg in a woman's ovary, and stimulates the release of the egg during ovulation. HCG is used to cause ovulation and treat infertility in women and to increase sperm count in men.", "Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) is a hormone produced by the human placenta and found in the urine of pregnant women. HCG is FDA-approved for the treatment of select cases of female infertility and hormone treatment in men. Currently, there are no FDA-approved HCG drug products for weight loss. HCG has not been demonstrated to be effective therapy in the treatment of obesity. There is no substantial evidence that HCG increases", "OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of altering the timing of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) administration on the clinical outcome of in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) using gonadotropic hormone releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist or antagonist. Intrauterine insemination (IUI) is an assisted reproduction procedure that places sperm directly into the uterus. Timing of IUI can be performed with hormone (luteinising hormone) detection in urine or blood, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) injection and other more infrequently used methods." ], "url": [ "http://www.yourhormones.info/hormones/human_chorionic_gonadotrophin.aspx", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/weight-loss/expert-answers/hcg-diet/faq-20058164", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_chorionic_gonadotropin", "http://www.webmd.com/baby/human-chorionic-gonadotropin-hcg", "http://www.everydayhealth.com/drugs/hcg", "http://www.everydayhealth.com/drugs/hcg", "http://www.everydayhealth.com/drugs/hcg", "http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/ResourcesForYou/Consumers/BuyingUsingMedicineSafely/MedicationHealthFraud/ucm281834.htm", "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMHT0000408/" ] }

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[ "West Midlands region of England." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "About Warwickshire. Warwickshire, in the heart of England, is one of the most popular and most visited counties in the country. It is most famous for it's castle 'Warwick Castle' one of the great fortresses of Europe. Built on a hill top first fortified by William the Conquerer in 1068. Warwick Castle is a must visit when travelling to England, and there is much to discover in the town of Warwick itself. Kenilworth is a pleasant town located in the spacious Warwickshire countryside, it is a town with an 'air of gentility' that tells you that this is a prosperous place with a long, illustrious history... Information | Pictures (70) | Hotels.", "Coventry is effectively in the centre of the Warwickshire area, and still has strong ties with the county. Coventry and Warwickshire are sometimes treated as a single area and share a single Chamber of Commerce and BBC Local Radio Station (BBC Coventry & Warwickshire). There are 3 clubs who include the word Warwickshire within their names: Olton & West Warwickshire, Coventry & North Warwickshire, and Rugby & East Warwickshire, though it is not certain where these claims to regional areas within the County came from.", "Rugby is a city/town with a small population in the state/region of Warwickshire, England which is located in the continent/region of Europe. Cities, towns and places near Rugby include Long Lawford, Dunchurch, Wolston and Lutterworth. The closest major cities include Leicester, Birmingham, Derby and Wolverhampton. ", "Map of Warwickshire. This map of Warwickshire illustrates the layout of the province, its borders with other districts and the main courses of water in the area. If you know a lot about your destination and its surroundings, then it is easy to find the appropriate hotel or an affordable car hire service. You can use this map of Warwickshire, either as an online guide or you can print it and take it with you during your travels. Either way, this map of Warwickshire will help make your trip as comfortable as possible.", "Rugby is a market town in Warwickshire, England, on the River Avon. The town has a population of 70,628 (2011 census) making it the second largest town in the county. The enclosing Borough of Rugby has a population of 100,500 (2011 census). Rugby is 13 miles (21 km) east of Coventry, on the eastern edge of Warwickshire, near the borders with Northamptonshire and Leicestershire. The town is credited with being the birthplace of rugby football", "Warwickshire is a state/region with a small population in the country of England which is located in the continent/region of Europe. Its biggest cities and towns include Nuneaton, Rugby, Royal Leamington Spa and Bedworth. ", "Warwickshire (/ˈwɒrɨkʃə/ or /ˈwɒrɨkʃɪər/) is a landlocked non-metropolitan county in the West Midlands region of England. The county town is Warwick, although the largest town is Nuneaton. There are 3 clubs who include the word Warwickshire within their names: Olton & West Warwickshire, Coventry & North Warwickshire, and Rugby & East Warwickshire, though it is not certain where these claims to regional areas within the County came from.", "The only town in the south of Warwickshire is Shipston-on-Stour. The highest point in the county, at 261 m (856 ft), is Ebrington Hill, again on the border with Gloucestershire, grid reference SP187426 at the county's southwest extremity. There are 3 clubs who include the word Warwickshire within their names: Olton & West Warwickshire, Coventry & North Warwickshire, and Rugby & East Warwickshire, though it is not certain where these claims to regional areas within the County came from.", "The county is divided into five districts of North Warwickshire, Nuneaton & Bedworth, Rugby, Warwick and Stratford-on-Avon. The current county boundaries were set in 1974 by the Local Government Act 1972. The historic county boundaries also included Coventry and Solihull, as well as much of Birmingham. There are 3 clubs who include the word Warwickshire within their names: Olton & West Warwickshire, Coventry & North Warwickshire, and Rugby & East Warwickshire, though it is not certain where these claims to regional areas within the County came from." ], "url": [ "http://www.picturesofengland.com/Warwickshire/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warwickshire", "http://www.gomapper.com/travel/where-is/rugby-located.html", "http://www.maps-of-britain.co.uk/map-of-warwickshire.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rugby,_Warwickshire", "http://www.gomapper.com/travel/where-is/warwickshire-located.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warwickshire", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warwickshire", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warwickshire" ] }

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[ "3 to 6 minutes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "3. After five to ten minutes of not breathing, you are likely to develop serious and possibly irreversible brain damage. The one exception is when a younger person stops breathing and also becomes very cold at the same time. This can occur when a child is suddenly plunged into very cold water and drowns. In this situation, survival after more than 30 minutes has been known to occur", "About 6 minutes before brain cells start to die. If a person has a cardiac arrest resuscitation has to begin within this time to be successful. The time may be prolonged if the body is cooled, for example by drowning in ice cold water. As mentioned, temperature (specifically metabolism) plays a very big role in how long you can go without oxygen, but as general guideline: Thus, the main areas of concern is the heart and the brain. A human body ca only live for six minutes without oxygen, before the brain cells start to die", "The brain can be deprived of oxygen for three to six minutes before permanent damage occurs, though this can be extended in scenarios that involve a sudden immersion in cold water. Some patients can regain cognitive functions if their oxygen-deprived brain is treated promptly. Death is usually declared once the brain has gone more than 15 minutes without oxygen. Although the brain can only go a few minutes without oxygen before some type of brain damage occurs, patients can often regain cognitive function if treated quickly. The severity of long-term complications is usually in direct correlation with the length of time the person has gone without oxygen", "In general, the brain can withstand up to three to six minutes without oxygen before brain damage occurs, but this may vary from person to person. If the brain goes without oxygen longer than this, serious and often irreversible damage is likely to take place. Death is usually declared once the brain has gone more than 15 minutes without oxygen. Although the brain can only go a few minutes without oxygen before some type of brain damage occurs, patients can often regain cognitive function if treated quickly. The severity of long-term complications is usually in direct correlation with the length of time the person has gone without oxygen", "3. Oxygen: Oxygen is crucial to sustaining life. Though it varies from person to person, on an average, 3 minutes is the maximum time where the person can stay alive without oxygen. Yoga and meditation experts may hold breath for longer than this, but these are very rare examples. ", "Usually a person can only survive 3 minutes without breathing, although there are women divers In Japan and other countries who dive for abalone or pearls who are able to survive for 5 minutes at a time, even diving to a depth of 100 feet, on a single breath, though this requires years of training. Conclusion: If we can only survive a month or two at the most without food, and only 3-10 days at the most without water, and 3 22 minutes at the most without air (breath), we must understand that these are the physical requirements of our physical body to sustain physical life.", "1 The brain cannot store oxygen. 2 A person can feel a lack of oxygen after only a few seconds. 3 When someone stands up too quickly and becomes dizzy, this is an example of the loss of blood flow to the brain that can be sensed. 4 The brain cannot store glucose (blood sugar). The brain can survive for up to about six minutes after the heart stops. The reason to learn cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is that if CPR is started within six minutes of cardiac arrest, the brain may survive the lack of oxygen.", "The human body needs oxygen to sustain itself. The decrease of oxygen to at least one body part is known as hypoxia. The total lack of oxygen is known as anoxia. Brain cells are destroyed after 4 to 6 minutes without oxygen. When the flow of oxygen to the brain is completely cut off, a person will lose consciousness within 10 seconds. Extended hypoxia leads to brain damage and ultimately death. Causes. The brain is the body's largest user of oxygen, even though it makes up less than 5 percent of the body's weight. The brain consumes 20 percent of the body's needed oxygen. Cerebral hypoxia is the deficiency of needed oxygen to the brain." ], "url": [ "http://www.transweb.org/faq/q3.shtml", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_long_can_the_human_body_live_without_oxygen", "http://www.wisegeek.org/how-long-can-the-brain-be-without-oxygen-before-brain-damage.htm", "http://www.wisegeek.org/how-long-can-the-brain-be-without-oxygen-before-brain-damage.htm", "http://www.justforhearts.org/2013/08/for-how-long-a-person-can-survive-without-oxygen-water-food/", "http://www.goodnewsaboutgod.com/studies/spiritual/home_study/live_breath.htm", "http://science.howstuffworks.com/life/inside-the-mind/human-brain/brain-death1.htm", "http://www.ehow.com/about_5506985_long-can-brain-survive-oxygen.html" ] }

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[ "No" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "A. Yes, if you choose your dried fruits wisely. In its purest form, dried fruit is just fresh fruit with the water removed. Dehydration, in fact, causes some nutrients to become more concentrated.", "1 Select the best fruit and vegetables! 2 As with canning and freezing, dehydrated foods are only as good as the fresh fruit or vegetables. 3 When selecting fruits and vegetables for dehydration, choose ones that are ripe, unbruised and at peak-eating quality. 4 Prepare foods to be dehydrated as you want them to be served.", "Most vegetables, with the exception of onions, mushrooms and tomatoes, should be blanched briefly before being dehydrated to limit discoloration and the risk of food-borne illnesses. You can dehydrate tomatoes, carrots, beets, greens, beans, squash, onions, peas, celery, corn, pumpkin and broccoli with good results. When they are finished, they will be brittle and hard. You can eat the dried vegetables like veggie chips or use them in main dishes like soups and stews.", "A food dehydrator enables you to preserve fresh, nutritious foods in your own home at a fraction of the cost. The shelf lives of dehydrated foods can be decades long. Add your favorite nuts to dehydrated apples, pineapples, grapes, or cranberries for a tasty and healthy trail mix.", "1 As with canning and freezing, dehydrated foods are only as good as the fresh fruit or vegetables. 2 When selecting fruits and vegetables for dehydration, choose ones that are ripe, unbruised and at peak-eating quality. 3 Prepare foods to be dehydrated as you want them to be served.", "It's easy to dehydrate your own fruit at home. Dehydrating foods makes them lighter and easier to store. They will take up less space and be less likely to spoil than fresh foods. Foods can be dehydrated with the intention of rehydrating them later or with the intention of eating them in dried form. A wide variety of foods is suited for this type of treatment, including fruits, vegetables, meats and even main dishes that you cook at home.", "For the same fresh plums, you are eating 16% of your daily needs for vitamin C, but when dried, you are getting only 1%. It is also important to note that a single serving of fresh fruit is 1 cup, but when fruit has been dehydrated, a single serving is only one half of a cup." ], "url": [ "http://www.realsimple.com/food-recipes/shopping-storing/food/healthy-dried-fruit", "http://www.pickyourown.org/dryingfoods.htm", "http://healthyeating.sfgate.com/yummy-foods-dehydrate-1782.html", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/254798-health-benefits-of-a-food-dehydrator/", "http://www.pickyourown.org/dryingfoods.htm", "http://healthyeating.sfgate.com/yummy-foods-dehydrate-1782.html", "http://www.fitday.com/fitness-articles/nutrition/healthy-eating/12-healthiest-dried-fruits.html" ] }

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[ "All types of muscles consist of muscle fibers. Striated muscle fibers in skeletal muscles form bundles joined together by layers of connective tissue. The ends of muscle fibers are intertwined with tendon fibers, and through this combination muscular tension is transmitted to the skeletal bones." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "muscle. the contractile tissue that effects the movement of and within the body. Muscle tissue in the higher animals is classified as striated, smooth, or cardiac, according to its structure and function. Striated, or skeletal, muscle forms the bulk of the body's muscle tissue and gives the body its general shape. Cardiac muscle. Cardiac muscle has many properties in common with smooth muscle; for example, it is innervated by the autonomic system and retains the ability to contract spontaneously. Presumably, cardiac muscle evolved as a specialized type from the general smooth muscle of the circulatory vessels.", "(Published: February 11, 2013). The following CDC scientific articles are listed in order of date published from present to 2008. Corticosteroid Treatments in Males with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: Treatment Duration and Time to Loss of Ambulation. Journal of Child Neurology 2014 Nov 20 [Epub ahead of print]. ", "All types of muscles consist of muscle fibers. Striated muscle fibers in skeletal muscles form bundles joined together by layers of connective tissue. The ends of muscle fibers are intertwined with tendon fibers, and through this combination muscular tension is transmitted to the skeletal bones. Cardiac muscle. Cardiac muscle has many properties in common with smooth muscle; for example, it is innervated by the autonomic system and retains the ability to contract spontaneously. Presumably, cardiac muscle evolved as a specialized type from the general smooth muscle of the circulatory vessels.", "Muscular hypertrophy is an increase in muscle mass and cross-sectional area (1). The increase in dimension is due to an increase in the size (not length) of individual muscle fibers. Both cardiac (heart) and skeletal muscle adapt to regular, increasing work loads that exceed the preexisting capacity of the muscle fiber. It is important to emphasize the point that this process is not creating more skeletal muscle fibers (in humans), but increasing the size and number of contractile proteins (actin and myosin) within the muscle fiber (see Table 1. for a summary of changes that occur to muscle fibers as they hypertrophy).", "Biomechanics of Skeletal Muscles is the third volume in the Biomechanics of Human Motion series. Advanced readers in human movement science gain a comprehensive understanding of the biomechanics of human motion as presented by one of the world’s foremost researchers on the subject, Dr. Vladimir Zatsiorsky.", "The basic function of muscle is to generate force. Secondarily, muscles can provide some shape and form to the organism. Anatomically and functionally, muscle can be divided into two types, smooth and striated. Striated or striped muscle can be further divided into skeletal muscle and cardiac (heart) muscle.", "Therefore, cortisol breaks down muscle proteins, inhibiting skeletal muscle hypertrophy (10). Testosterone Testosterone is an androgen, or a male sex hormone. The primary physiological role of androgens are to promote the growth and development of male organs and characteristics. It is important to emphasize the point that this process is not creating more skeletal muscle fibers (in humans), but increasing the size and number of contractile proteins (actin and myosin) within the muscle fiber (see Table 1. for a summary of changes that occur to muscle fibers as they hypertrophy).", "Type I Fibers Type I fibers, also known as slow twitch oxidative muscle fibers, are primaritly responsible for maintenance of body posture and skeletal support. The soleus is an example of a predominantly slow-twitch muscle fiber. It is important to emphasize the point that this process is not creating more skeletal muscle fibers (in humans), but increasing the size and number of contractile proteins (actin and myosin) within the muscle fiber (see Table 1. for a summary of changes that occur to muscle fibers as they hypertrophy).", "Richly illustrated and presented in concise language, Biomechanics of Skeletal Muscles provides an explanation of whole muscle biomechanics at work in the body in motion. It addresses both the mechanical behavior of single muscles and the various issues of muscle functioning during human motion. Advanced readers in human movement science gain a comprehensive understanding of the biomechanics of human motion as presented by one of the world’s foremost researchers on the subject, Dr. Vladimir Zatsiorsky.", "Using a blend of experimental evidence and mechanical models, Biomechanics of Skeletal Muscles provides an explanation of whole muscle biomechanics at work in the body in motion. The book first addresses the mechanical behavior of single muscles—from the sarcomere level up to the entire muscle. Advanced readers in human movement science gain a comprehensive understanding of the biomechanics of human motion as presented by one of the world’s foremost researchers on the subject, Dr. Vladimir Zatsiorsky." ], "url": [ "http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Characteristics+of+muscle", "http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/musculardystrophy/articles.html", "http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Characteristics+of+muscle", "http://www.unm.edu/~lkravitz/Article%20folder/hypertrophy.html", "http://www.humankinetics.com/products/all-products/Biomechanics-of-Skeletal-Muscles", "http://www.humankinetics.com/excerpts/excerpts/muscle-structure-and-function", "http://www.unm.edu/~lkravitz/Article%20folder/hypertrophy.html", "http://www.unm.edu/~lkravitz/Article%20folder/hypertrophy.html", "http://www.humankinetics.com/products/all-products/Biomechanics-of-Skeletal-Muscles", "http://www.humankinetics.com/products/all-products/Biomechanics-of-Skeletal-Muscles" ] }

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[ "A derivational suffix (such as the addition of-ly to an adjective to form an adverb) and An inflectional suffix (such as the addition of-s to a noun to form a plural)." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Definition. A suffix is a letter or group of letters added to the end of a word or root (i.e., a base form), serving to form a new word or functioning as an inflectional ending. Adjective: suffixal. There are two primary types of suffixes in English: 1 A derivational suffix (such as the addition of-ly to an adjective to form an adverb) indicates what type of word it is. 2 An inflectional suffix (such as the addition of-s to a noun to form a plural) tells something about the word's grammatical behavior.", "Definition. A suffix is an important component of word meaning which is added to the end of a word. A suffix follows a root word, and the suffix modifies the meaning of the root word. It's important to note that suffixes usually don't radically alter the meaning of a word, they just modify it.", "1 A derivational suffix (such as the addition of-ly to an adjective to form an adverb) indicates what type of word it is. 2 An inflectional suffix (such as the addition of-s to a noun to form a plural) tells something about the word's grammatical behavior.", "List of English Suffixes. Our suffix word lists are the second part of our comprehensive root word tables : Suffixes are word endings that add a certain meaning to the word. Click on the icon to the left and add the suffix list to your LearnThatWord profile for personalized review.", "1 Not all suffixes can be added to all roots. 2 For example, the adjective beautiful is formed by adding the suffix-ful to the noun beauty, and the noun ugliness is formed by adding the suffix-ness to the adjective ugly. 3 But you won't find * ugliful in your dictionary--or in standard English.", "Suffixes. A suffix is a group of letters placed at the end of a word to make a new word. A suffix can make a new word in one of two ways: 1 inflectional (grammatical): for example, changing singular to plural (dog → dog s), or changing present tense to past tense (walk → walk ed).", "Definition & List of Suffixes. Definition of Suffixes:A term for fixing one or more letters or syllables to the end of words tomodify their signification. Examples: End a word with 'less' as in homeless, careless." ], "url": [ "http://grammar.about.com/od/rs/g/suffixterm.htm", "http://study.com/academy/lesson/what-are-suffixes-examples-definition-quiz.html", "http://grammar.about.com/od/rs/g/suffixterm.htm", "https://www.learnthat.org/pages/view/suffix.html", "http://grammar.about.com/od/words/a/comsuffixes.htm", "https://www.englishclub.com/vocabulary/suffixes.htm", "http://englishlanguageterminology.org/definition-of-words/list-of-suffixes.htm" ] }

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[ "$2,000-$16,000.", "Generally it costs $1 to $2 per square foot including all equipment and installation." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "1 For an average 2,200-square-foot home, expect to pay about $3,542. 2 For a 3,500-square-foot home, expect to pay about $5,635. 3 Fire sprinklers cost 1%-2% of the cost of a new home. 4 In already existing properties, sprinkler systems typically cost $2,000-$16,000. 1 Communities with sprinkler ordinances typically charge permit and inspection fees. 2 Some communities have flat fees, and others base the fees on square footage or value of the house. 3 Typically, the permit costs are $50-$350, but some communities charge as high as $800 in permit fees.", "1 For a 3,500-square-foot home, expect to pay about $5,635. 2 Fire sprinklers cost 1%-2% of the cost of a new home. 3 In already existing properties, sprinkler systems typically cost $2,000-$16,000. 1 Communities with sprinkler ordinances typically charge permit and inspection fees. 2 Some communities have flat fees, and others base the fees on square footage or value of the house. 3 Typically, the permit costs are $50-$350, but some communities charge as high as $800 in permit fees.", "1 Prices for underground sprinkler systems vary considerably by region and climate, but for an average 2,500-square-foot (50-x-50-foot) front yard, it's about $1,500-$2,500, while a sprinkler system for 5,000 square feet (front and back yards) costs about $2,500-$3,500. Related articles: Deck, Landscape Design, Sod. 1 Prices for underground sprinkler systems vary considerably by region and climate, but for an average 2,500-square-foot (50-x-50-foot) front yard, it's about $1,500-$2,500, while a sprinkler system for 5,000 square feet (front and back yards) costs about $2,500-$3,500.", "1 According to the Fire Protection Research Organization's 2009 Fire Sprinkler Cost Assessment, sprinkler installation costs homebuilders $0.38-$3.66 per sprinklered square foot, with an average cost of $1.61 per sprinklered square foot. 2 For an average 2,200-square-foot home, expect to pay about $3,542. 1 Communities with sprinkler ordinances typically charge permit and inspection fees. 2 Some communities have flat fees, and others base the fees on square footage or value of the house. 3 Typically, the permit costs are $50-$350, but some communities charge as high as $800 in permit fees.", "1 A complete fire sprinkler system integrated into a new construction project costs about $1 – 2 per square foot. 2 This includes equipment and installation. 3 Retrofitting an existing building usually costs between $2 – 7 per square foot. 1 This includes equipment and installation. 2 Retrofitting an existing building usually costs between $2 – 7 per square foot. 3 Retrofitting a high rise building will run you about $2 – 4 per square foot. 4 Installing a fire sprinkler in a historic building can sometimes be more expensive – up to $10", "They’re not expensive! The average costs for a fire sprinkler system are as follows: 1 A complete fire sprinkler system integrated into a new construction project costs about $1 – 2 per square foot. 2 This includes equipment and installation. 3 Retrofitting an existing building usually costs between $2 – 7 per square foot. 1 This includes equipment and installation. 2 Retrofitting an existing building usually costs between $2 – 7 per square foot. 3 Retrofitting a high rise building will run you about $2 – 4 per square foot. 4 Installing a fire sprinkler in a historic building can sometimes be more expensive – up to $10", "1 Retrofitting an existing building usually costs between $2 – 7 per square foot. 2 Retrofitting a high rise building will run you about $2 – 4 per square foot. 3 Installing a fire sprinkler in a historic building can sometimes be more expensive – up to $10 per square foot. 1 This includes equipment and installation. 2 Retrofitting an existing building usually costs between $2 – 7 per square foot. 3 Retrofitting a high rise building will run you about $2 – 4 per square foot. 4", "1 A complete sprinkler system for new construction generally costs $1 to $2 per square foot including all equipment and installation. 2 Retrofitting an existing building is more expensive-usually about $2 to $7 per square foot. Sprinkler System Average Costs. Small businesses or homeowners might spend a few thousand dollars to install a fire sprinkler system while large corporations could spend hundreds of thousands. The price depends on a variety of factors. 1 " ], "url": [ "http://home.costhelper.com/fire-sprinkler.html", "http://home.costhelper.com/fire-sprinkler.html", "http://home.costhelper.com/sprinklers.html", "http://home.costhelper.com/fire-sprinkler.html", "http://www.kauffmanco.net/blog/fire-sprinkler-costs/", "http://www.kauffmanco.net/blog/fire-sprinkler-costs/", "http://www.kauffmanco.net/blog/fire-sprinkler-costs/", "http://costowl.com/b2b/security-fire-sprinkler-system.html" ] }

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[ "No" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "We hope to one day restore vision lost from glaucoma, but that can't presently be done. Existing treatments slow the process for most patients so no meaningful vision loss occurs in their lifetime. There are, however, several potential avenues to a cure. ", "Open-angle glaucoma. Chronic open-angle glaucoma is the most common form of glaucoma. The open drainage angle of the eye can become blocked leading to gradual increased eye pressure. If this increased pressure results in optic nerve damage, it is known as chronic open-angle glaucoma. The optic nerve carries images from the retina, which is the specialized light sensing tissue, to the brain so we can see. In glaucoma, eye pressure plays a role in damaging the delicate nerve fibers of the optic nerve. When a significant number of nerve fibers are damaged, blind spots develop in the field of vision.", "There is no cure (yet) for glaucoma. Glaucoma is not curable, and vision lost cannot be regained. With medication and/or surgery, it is possible to halt further loss of vision. Since open-angle glaucoma is a chronic condition, it must be monitored for life. Diagnosis is the first step to preserving your vision. 1. Glaucoma is a leading cause of blindness. Glaucoma can cause blindness if it is left untreated. And unfortunately approximately 10% of people with glaucoma who receive proper treatment still experience", "Glaucoma is the term used to describe a number of related conditions that cause damage to the optic nerve, which transmits information from the eye to the brain. It usually (but not always) is associated with high intraocular pressure (IOP). Ocular hypertension is another term for high eye pressure. In ocular hypertension, IOP is higher than normal but does not cause optic nerve damage and vision loss. Ocular hypertension is a risk factor for glaucoma and should be monitored closely.", "TREATING GLAUCOMA. Glaucoma can be treated with eye drops, pills, laser surgery, traditional surgery or a combination of these methods. The goal of any treatment is to prevent loss of vision, as vision loss from glaucoma is irreversible. The good news is that glaucoma can be managed if detected early, and that with medical and/or surgical treatment, most people with glaucoma will not lose their sight.", "Glaucoma is a group of diseases that damage the eye’s optic nerve and can result in vision loss and blindness. However, with early detection and treatment, you can often protect your eyes against serious vision loss. The optic nerve. The optic nerve is a bundle of more than 1 million nerve fibers. When the optic nerve is damaged from increased pressure, open-angle glaucoma-and vision loss—may result. That’s why controlling pressure inside the eye is important. Another risk factor for optic nerve damage relates to blood pressure.", "BACKGROUND: Glaucoma is a complicated disease where damage to the optic nerve leads to progressive, irreversible vision loss. It is the second most common cause of blindness in the United States. Everyone is at risk for glaucoma, there may be no symptoms to warn you, and there is no cure for the disease. It can rob you of your sight before you even know there's a problem. In its most common form glaucoma has virtually no symptoms and there's no cure, but a new trial is helping patients attack the condition non-stop.", "Glaucoma is a group of eye diseases causing optic nerve damage. The optic nerve carries images from the retina, which is the specialized light sensing tissue, to the brain so we can see. In glaucoma, eye pressure plays a role in damaging the delicate nerve fibers of the optic nerve. When a significant number of nerve fibers are damaged, blind spots develop in the field of vision. Once nerve damage and visual loss occur, it is permanent", "Glaucoma is a group of eye diseases which result in damage to the optic nerve and vision loss. A major risk factor is increased pressure in the eye. The disorders can be roughly divided into two main categories: open-angle and closed-angle (or angle closure ) glaucoma. The many different subtypes of glaucoma can all be considered to be a type of optic neuropathy. The nerve damage involves loss of retinal ganglion cells in a characteristic pattern. Raised intraocular pressure (above 21 mmHg or 2.8 kPa) is the most important and only modifiable risk factor for glaucoma.", "Depending upon the type of glaucoma, treatment may include medication, usually prescription eyedrops, or surgery to lower the pressure in the eye and prevent further damag … e to the optic nerve. While there is no cure as yet for glaucoma, early diagnosis and continuing treatment can preserve eyesight. " ], "url": [ "http://www.glaucoma.org/research/can-glaucoma-be-cured.php", "http://kellogg.umich.edu/patientcare/conditions/glaucoma.html", "http://www.glaucoma.org/glaucoma/glaucoma-facts-and-stats.php", "http://www.allaboutvision.com/faq/glaucoma.htm", "https://www.glaucomafoundation.org/treating_glaucoma.htm", "https://nei.nih.gov/health/glaucoma/glaucoma_facts", "http://www.wndu.com/mmm/headlines/Doctors-might-have-found-a-cure-for-glaucoma-163214316.html", "http://kellogg.umich.edu/patientcare/conditions/glaucoma.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glaucoma", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Is_glaucoma_curable" ] }

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[ "A finite ordered list of elements." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "A tuple is a finite ordered list of elements. In mathematics, an n-tuple is a sequence (or ordered list) of n elements, where n is a non-negative integer. There is only one 0-tuple, an empty sequence. An n-tuple is defined inductively using the construction of an ordered pair.", "The most common used in general mathematics, database theory, etc. Intuitive: a n-tuple is a composite with n elements. t = (x1, x2, ..., xn). (2) In axiomatic set theory the above definition is typically not used because students are introduced to function as a special kind of relation and relation is a set of tuples. So the following technical trick is used:", "tu·ple. n. A generalization of ordered pairs, such as (-3, 4), and ordered triples, such as (0, -3, 5), in any dimension. An n-tuple is an ordered list of n numbers and can represent a point in n-dimensional space. [From. , as in quintuple or sextuple .].", "1) In programming languages, such as Lisp, Python, Linda, and others, a tuple (pronounced TUH-pul) is an ordered set of values. The separator for each value is often a comma (depending on the rules of the particular language)." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuple", "http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?TupleDefinition", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/tuple", "http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/tuple" ] }

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[ "27 inches to 32 inches tall." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "According to the professionals at Shades of Light, The correct height of the table lamp is determined by the seating piece and the height of the table beside it. The table lamp should be tall enough for the bottom of the lampshade to come to the eye level of the person seated", "Base the height of your lamp on the height and size of your bedside tables and bed. For 24- to 30-inch nightstands, opt for a lamp that is 27 to 32 inches tall.", "Nightstand or Table Relation. The height of the ideal bedside lamp for your room depends upon the nightstand or table upon which the lamp sits. If the nightstand is tall, such as 25 to 30 inches, the lamp should be in the 30-inch range in order to look proportional against a headboard or the room in general.", "For example, if the base length is 16 inches, the shade should measure 10 to 14 inches long. This results in a fixture about 24 inches tall; another way to calculate this is that the shade is about one-third of the total height, and should cover the light bulbhardware on the top of the lamp base.", "Lamps on bedside tables for example can have a scale and size that is proportionate to the height of the ceiling and the headboard or treatment on the bed wall. If your nightstand is 24” to 30” tall, Lamps should be at least 27” – 32” tall. Shorter nightstands, such as a low profile modern style that is only 18” TO 20” off the floor, call for a taller lamp to equal the visual proportion if the headboard is higher than 36” above the nightstand top.", "The size of your lamp should be based upon the size of the bedside table it sits upon and the height of the headboard. If your nightstand is 24 to 30 inches tall, the ideal height for a lamp is 27 to 32 inches tall, advises the website William Miller Design.", "A bedside table lamp should not be too large or too small, but a happy medium. The size of your lamp should be based upon the size of the bedside table it sits upon. According to William Miller Design, if your nightstand is 24 inches to 30 inches tall, the ideal height for a lamp is 27 inches to 32 inches tall." ], "url": [ "http://www.ehow.com/decision_7230708_tall-should-table-lamp-be_.html", "http://babychangingtable01.blogspot.com/2014/02/how-tall-should-bedside-lamp-be.html", "http://homeguides.sfgate.com/recommended-height-bedroom-lamp-83615.html", "http://homeguides.sfgate.com/choose-correct-size-table-lamp-39332.html", "http://williammillerdesign.blogspot.com/2008/10/how-tall-should-bedside-lamp-be.html", "http://www.ehow.com/decision_6897965_tall-should-bedside-lamp-be_.html", "http://babychangingtable01.blogspot.com/2014/02/how-tall-should-bedside-lamp-be.html" ] }

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[ "It usually works in the administrative department of a medical institution, or for an agency that has been hired by a medical institution to perform coding audits." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "A clinical coder – also known as clinical coding officer, diagnostic coder, medical coder or medical records technician – is a health care professional whose main duties are to analyse clinical statements and assign standard codes using a classification system. ", "Medical auditing entails conducting internal or external reviews of coding accuracy, policies, and procedures to ensure you are running an efficient and hopefully liability-free operation. As a medical auditor, you’ll focus on practice areas such as: 1 Compliance and regulatory guidelines. 2 Coding concepts. 3 Scope and statistical sampling methodologies. 4 Medical record auditing skills and abstraction ability.", "A medical auditor works in the health care field to determine that information coding systems and organization techniques are accurate. For example, as a medical auditor you might be charged with making sure that coding guidelines are current according to government regulations. If there are any flaws in the system, you can suggest and implement corrections. Since the AAPC (www.aapc.com) recognizes billing and coding as fields similar to medical auditing, educational programs in these concentrations might also lead to a career as a medical auditor. You can find medical billing and coding programs at both associate's degree and certificate levels of education.", "Coders work in a variety of settings and their individual workdays differ based on size of facility, type of physician, etc.. The following example outlines what may be a typical day in the life of a Medical Coder. After settling into work and grabbing a cup of coffee the medical coder usually begins the workday by reviewing the previous day's batch of patient notes to be coded.", "To help medical professional maximize coding and billing efficiency and quality of care through auditing, AAPC has the Certified Professional Medical Auditor (CPMA®) credential. The CPMA® will help you determine key areas of weakness in your practice, so you can provide detailed recommendations to resolve them. As a medical auditor, you’ll focus on practice areas such as: 1 Compliance and regulatory guidelines. 2 Coding concepts. 3 Scope and statistical sampling methodologies. 4 Medical record auditing skills and abstraction ability.", "The goals of an audit are to provide efficient and better delivery of care and to improve the financial health of your medical provider. Medical record audits specifically target and evaluate procedural and diagnosis code selection as determined by physician documentation. As a medical auditor, you’ll focus on practice areas such as: 1 Compliance and regulatory guidelines. 2 Coding concepts. 3 Scope and statistical sampling methodologies. 4 Medical record auditing skills and abstraction ability.", "Job Description for Medical Coding Auditor. Read More... A medical coding auditor usually works in the administrative department of a medical institution, or for an agency that has been hired by a medical institution to perform coding audits. The job is usually carried out within an office environment, though many positions allow the auditor to work from home. Medical Coding Auditor Tasks. 1 Contribute to the development of codes for patient billing. 2 Conduct analyses to evaluate the accuracy and efficiency of coding practices. 3 Review the work of coding clerks to verify accuracy of coding and that patients are billed correctly.", "It would be wise to err on the side of caution since medical credentials (RN, LPN, MD) do not automatically mean the person is a qualified coding auditor. If your facility does not have a staff member qualified to perform internal audits, consider engaging a consultant and/or company with expertise in ASC auditing. Facilities should adopt a standardized method to measure coding quality performance. A coding audit will serve as a baseline indicator of coding accuracy, first by identifying root causes for coding errors, which should decrease variance and increase reliability.", "While RAC audits and accurate Medicare reimbursements are a primary focus for many ASCs, coding errors do occur amongst the varying commercial payers. Keep in mind all financial classes, whether Medicare or commercial, when determining your initial baseline audit. Facilities should adopt a standardized method to measure coding quality performance. A coding audit will serve as a baseline indicator of coding accuracy, first by identifying root causes for coding errors, which should decrease variance and increase reliability." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_coder", "https://www.aapc.com/medical-auditing/medical-auditing.aspx", "http://learn.org/articles/Medical_Auditor_Education_Requirements_Answers_To_Your_Questions.html", "https://www.aapc.com/what-does-a-medical-coder-do.aspx", "https://www.aapc.com/medical-auditing/medical-auditing.aspx", "https://www.aapc.com/medical-auditing/medical-auditing.aspx", "http://www.payscale.com/research/US/Job=Medical_Coding_Auditor/Salary", "http://www.beckersasc.com/asc-coding-billing-and-collections/10-best-practices-for-establishing-internal-coding-audits.html", "http://www.beckersasc.com/asc-coding-billing-and-collections/10-best-practices-for-establishing-internal-coding-audits.html" ] }

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[ "Schwann cells" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "An axon (from Greek ἄξων axōn, áxōn), axis is a, long slender projection of a nerve, cell or, neuron that typically conducts electrical impulses away from the'neuron s cell. Body myelinated axons are known as nerve. fibers Axon dysfunction causes many inherited and acquired neurological disorders which can affect both the peripheral and central neurons. An axon is one of two types of protoplasmic protrusions that extrude from the cell body of a neuron, the other type being dendrites.", "Cells of the Nervous System. The nervous system is made up of two types of cells: neurons and glia. Neurons Neurons are the fundamental cellular unit of the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS). Essential features of neurons: 1 The purpose of neurons is to receive, process, and transfer information. 2 This information is made up of chemical or electrical signals.", "Similar in function to oligodendrocytes, Schwann cells provide myelination to axons in the peripheral nervous system (PNS). They also have phagocytotic activity and clear cellular debris that allows for regrowth of PNS neurons. In the central nervous system (CNS), glia suppress repair. Glial cells known as astrocytes enlarge and proliferate to form a scar and produce inhibitory molecules that inhibit regrowth of a damaged or severed axon. In the peripheral nervous system (PNS), glial cells known as Schwann cells promote repair.", "An axon (from Greek ἄξων axōn, áxōn), axis is a, long slender projection of a nerve, cell or, neuron that typically conducts electrical impulses away from the'neuron s cell. body Axon dysfunction causes many inherited and acquired neurological disorders which can affect both the peripheral and central neurons. An axon is one of two types of protoplasmic protrusions that extrude from the cell body of a neuron, the other type being dendrites.", "1 Ganglia-groups of neuron cell bodies that lie peripheral to the central nervous system in vertebrates. 2 Bipolar neurons-cell body located near the middle of the axon; characteristic of retinal neurons. 3 Unipolar neurons-cell body lies off to one side of axon; characteristic of sensory neurons. 1 Oligodendrocytes-neuroglial cells of ectodermal origin that myelinate axons in the central nervous system and forms the white matter of the central nervous system (unmyelinated axons are grey matter. 2 Astrocytes-star-shaped nutritive and supportive glia cells of the central nervous system.", "Schwann cells, in the peripheral nervous system, and oligodendrocytes, in the central nervous system, wrap around the axons of neurons to form myelin sheaths. Myelin sheaths are electrical insulators and prevent current from leaving axons. Nerve fibers are found in the peripheral nervous system and central nervous system. In the peripheral nervous system, Schwann cells form the sheath around axons, and each Schwann cell forms the sheath for just one neuron.", "Ganglion-group of neuron cell bodies that lie peripheral to the central nervous system in vertebrates. Neuroglia-cells in the central nervous system that help to support, protect and maintain the neurons. Microglia-small neuroglial cells of mesodermal origin, some of which are phagocytic. 1 Oligodendrocytes-neuroglial cells of ectodermal origin that myelinate axons in the central nervous system and forms the white matter of the central nervous system (unmyelinated axons are grey matter. 2 Astrocytes-star-shaped nutritive and supportive glia cells of the central nervous system.", "An axon (from Greek ἄξων axōn, áxōn), axis is a, long slender projection of a nerve, cell or, neuron that typically conducts electrical impulses away from the'neuron s cell. Body myelinated axons are known as nerve. Fibers the function of the axon is to transmit information to different, neurons muscles and. glands Axon dysfunction causes many inherited and acquired neurological disorders which can affect both the peripheral and central neurons. An axon is one of two types of protoplasmic protrusions that extrude from the cell body of a neuron, the other type being dendrites.", "1 Node of Ranvier-regions of the axon that lie between the Schwann cells where the plasma membrane of a myelinated axon is close to the extracellular fluid. 2 Neuroglia-cells in the central nervous system that help to support, protect, nourish, and maintain the neurons (Fig. 1 Oligodendrocytes-neuroglial cells of ectodermal origin that myelinate axons in the central nervous system and forms the white matter of the central nervous system (unmyelinated axons are grey matter. 2 Astrocytes-star-shaped nutritive and supportive glia cells of the central nervous system.", "Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Neurons of the Peripheral Nervous System Neurons in the PNS are either carrying messages to or from the CNS.  A fferent = sensory neurons = neurons carrying messages TO the CNS.  A rriving in the CNS.  E fferent = motor neurons = neurons carrying messages FROM the CNS. " ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axon", "http://www.columbia.edu/cu/psychology/courses/1010/mangels/neuro/neurocells/neurocells.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuroglia", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axon", "http://www.shsu.edu/~bio_mlt/Chap15.html", "http://medcell.med.yale.edu/histology/nervous_system_lab.php", "http://www.shsu.edu/~bio_mlt/Chap15.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axon", "http://www.shsu.edu/~bio_mlt/Chap15.html", "http://www.napavalley.edu/people/raltman/Documents/Lecture/Lecture%208%20-%20Neurons%20and%20Nervous%20System%20-%20Bio%20105%20%28Summer%202015%29.pdf" ] }

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[ "Lortab is used in treatment of moderate to severe pain." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Vicodin. Home » Vicodin. Vicodin ® is a combination of Hydrocodone and Acetaminophen. Hydrocodone belongs to a group of drugs called narcotic pain relievers. Vicodin ® is used in the treatment of moderate to severe pain. Acetaminophen enhances the pain relieving qualities of the Hydrocodone. Vicodin is a commonly prescribed opiate painkiller made up of hydrocodone and paracetamol, which is acetaminophen. Vicodin is the trademark name for the drug, which is also marketed under the names Vicodin ES and Vicodin HP. 1 Vicodin contains 500 mg of paracetamol and 5 mg of h", "Lortab ® is used as a PRN, or as needed for pain. Do not increase your dosage or take more often as this medication may become habit forming. Lortab is a narcotic pain reliever that is used to treat moderate to moderately severe pain. It is also marketed under other brand names, including Vicodin, Norco, Lorcet, Anexsia, Maxidone and Zydone.", "Lortab is made up of two medications: Acetaminophen and Hydrocodone. Acetaminophen is used for pain relief and to reduce fevers and can be found in over the counter medicines including Tylenol. Hydrocodone is a narcotic that is semi-synthetic. It is an opioid pain reliever. Hydrocodone has a similar effect as codeine. Most of the time, Lortab is used in the short-term pain treatment. This includes pain from surgeries, injuries or dental procedures. Once in a while it will be used in the treatment of chronic pain, migraines, cancer pain, and other pains that are chronic or caused from long-term illnesses that cause pain.", "Lortab Overdose. Tweet. Lortab is a brand name for the narcotic Hydrocodone. When prescribed by a doctor, it is combined with a non-narcotic pain reliever called Acetaminophen, which is intended to treat moderate to severe pain. Doctors also need to provide treatment for a Lortab overdose that addresses the fact that the individual has ingested a large amount of acetaminophen. A medication called Mucomyst, or N-acetylcysteine, may be used for this purpose. Naloxone, another medication, may be used to treat the symptoms of hydrocodone overdose.", "Uses. This combination medication is used to relieve moderate to severe pain. It contains a narcotic pain reliever (hydrocodone) and a non-narcotic pain reliever (acetaminophen). Hydrocodone works in the brain to change how your body feels and responds to pain. Acetaminophen can also reduce a fever", "Hydrocodone and acetaminophen combination is used to relieve moderate to moderately severe pain. Acetaminophen is used to relieve pain and reduce fever in patients. It does not become habit-forming when taken for a long time. But acetaminophen may cause other unwanted effects when taken in large doses, including liver damage. Hydrocodone belongs to the group of medicines called narcotic analgesics (pain medicines). ", "Hydrocodone is a semi-synthetic opioid synthesized from codeine, one of the opioid alkaloids found in the opium poppy. It is a narcotic analgesic used orally as an antitussive/ cough suppressant, but also commonly taken orally for relief of moderate to severe pain. ", "Home » Lortab. Lortab ® is a narcotic pain reliever (opiate type) used in treatment of moderate to severe pain. Lortab ® is a combination of Hydrocodone and acetaminophen. Hydrocodone works on opiate receptors in the brain to provide pain relief while acetaminophen increases the effects of Hydrocodone. Do not increase your dosage or take more often as this medication may become habit forming. Lortab is a narcotic pain reliever that is used to treat moderate to moderately severe pain. It is also marketed under other brand names, including Vicodin, Norco, Lorcet, Anexsia, Maxidone and Zydone.", "Physicians often prescribe Vicodin, a combination of hydrocodone-an opiate-and acetaminophen, for the relief of moderate to severe pain. It works by blocking pain receptors in the brain, but it also induces a sense of euphoria, making it extremely effective but also highly addictive. " ], "url": [ "https://www.opiates.com/vicodin/", "https://www.opiates.com/lortab/", "http://ipharmacylist.com/meds/lortab-uses.html", "http://www.allaboutcounseling.com/library/lortab-overdose/", "http://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-3459/vicodin-oral/details", "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMHT0010590/?report=details", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrocodone", "https://www.opiates.com/lortab/", "http://drugabuse.com/library/vicodin-abuse/" ] }

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[ "It caused by high blood sugar (hyperglycemia), and is often one of the first noticeable symptoms of diabetes." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "It occurs whenever the body is dehydrated for any reason. Any condition that can result in a loss of body water can lead to thirst or excessive thirst. For this reason, thirst is a characteristic symptoms of certain medical conditions, most notably diabetes mellitus. Thirst may be accompanied by other signs of dehydration such as decreased urine output, reduced sweating and tear production, muscle cramps, weakness, lightheadedness, and nausea. ", "Your body maintains a certain level of fluids, and your level of thirst is your body’s way of telling you it needs more or less fluid. Thirst can increase normally if you lose a lot of fluid, such as during a workout, and can decrease normally if you have enough fluid, such as after drinking a lot of water. An absence of thirst or excessive thirst can be caused by a number of conditions and diseases. The thirst can be a symptom associated with too much or too little water in your body, or it can be a change in your perception of thirst, even though fluid levels in your body are normal", "1 dipsogenic diabetes insipidus: This condition is due to a defect in the thirst mechanism, causing excessive thirst and excessive urine output. 2 heart, liver, or kidney failure. 3 psychogenic polydipsia: This is a psychiatric disorder that causes people to drink too much. Causes of Excessive Thirst. It is normal to feel thirsty after eating salty or spicy foods, or after engaging in strenuous exercise or sporting events, especially when it is hot. You may also feel thirsty when you suffer from diarrhea, vomiting, burns, or a significant loss of blood.", "Excessive thirst, also known as polydipsia, is a relatively common medical condition that can be brought on by several different factors. These include changes in diet and exercise, mental illness, diabetes, and various other chronic diseases. Increased thirst is also frequently caused by unhealthy blood sugar levels and may be an early warning sign of diabetes. For this reason, excessive thirst may be a cause for concern if it cannot be explained by the more common causes listed above.", "1 diabetes: Excessive thirst can be caused by high blood sugar (hyperglycemia), and is often one of the first noticeable symptoms of diabetes. 2 diabetes insipidus: With this form of diabetes, your kidneys are unable to conserve water, leading to excessive thirst. Causes of Excessive Thirst. It is normal to feel thirsty after eating salty or spicy foods, or after engaging in strenuous exercise or sporting events, especially when it is hot. You may also feel thirsty when you suffer from diarrhea, vomiting, burns, or a significant loss of blood.", "Excessive thirst, known as polydipsia, along with excessive urination, known as polyuria, may be an indication of diabetes mellitus or diabetes insipidus. There are receptors and other systems in the body that detect a decreased volume or an increased osmolite concentration. Thirst is the craving for fluids, resulting in the basic instinct of animals to drink. It is an essential mechanism involved in fluid balance. It arises from a lack of fluids or an increase in the concentration of certain osmolites, such as salt.", "Excessive thirst may be a symptom of high blood sugar (hyperglycemia). It can be an important clue in detecting diabetes. Excessive thirst is a common symptom. It is often the reaction to fluid loss during exercise or to eating salty foods. ", "Some prescription medications also cause thirst. Frequent excessive thirst and/or thirst that won’t be quenched can be symptoms of serious medical conditions, such as: 1 dehydration: Dehydration occurs when you lack the proper amount of fluids for your body to function properly. 2 Severe dehydration is life threatening, especially for infants and young children. Causes of Excessive Thirst. It is normal to feel thirsty after eating salty or spicy foods, or after engaging in strenuous exercise or sporting events, especially when it is hot. You may also feel thirsty when you suffer from diarrhea, vomiting, burns, or a significant loss of blood.", "1 Dry Mouth Anxiety does have a tendency to cause dry mouth, and dry mouth can feel like thirst. 2 Anxiety may cause dry mouth by taking water away from your mouth and sending it to the areas of your body that need it, or by increasing acids in your stomach that may contribute to a loss of saliva. Thirst may not seem like something related to your anxiety, but it's something that millions of anxiety sufferers deal with regularly. There is often this feeling of needing to drink a glass of water or two during and after anxiety attacks, and some people feel as though they need to drink more water each and every day." ], "url": [ "http://www.medicinenet.com/thirst/symptoms.htm", "http://www.healthgrades.com/symptoms/thirst--causes", "http://www.healthline.com/symptom/excessive-thirst", "http://www.ehow.com/facts_5548779_causes-excessive-thirst.html", "http://www.healthline.com/symptom/excessive-thirst", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thirst", "http://www.nytimes.com/health/guides/symptoms/thirst-excessive/overview.html", "http://www.healthline.com/symptom/excessive-thirst", "http://www.calmclinic.com/anxiety/symptoms/excessive-thirst" ] }

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[ "$ 54000", "$51,910 per year,$24.96 per hour" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "For more information regarding statewide average salary fiscal information, contact the Office of Financial Accountability and Information Services by phone at 916-322-1770 or by e-mail at sacsinfo@cde.ca.gov. Questions concerning program information should be directed to the Policy and Evaluation Division by phone at 916-319-0875 or by e-mail at sarc@cde.ca.gov. Additional information is also available on the California Department of Education SARC Web page.", "$ 54000 average good salaries for job postings in california are 7 % higher than average good salaries for job postings nationwide ", "Two months ago, The New York Times ran a piece on working at Amazon that went on to become its most commented-on story so far, with 6,600 comments by ... ", "Benefits. Like salary, eligibility for benefits depends on your job and whether your position is full-time, part-time, or intermittent. The hiring agency can give you specifics about the benefits you'll receive. You can find out about some of typical benefits using these links. Search for salary by job description-Once you have a job you're interested in, find the salary range by entering the job title. Civil Service pay scales-The official salaries for all State jobs.", "When you choose a career with the State of California, you receive a comprehensive benefits package in addition to your salary. Search for salary by job description-Once you have a job you're interested in, find the salary range by entering the job title. Civil Service pay scales-The official salaries for all State jobs.", "I really think that you must earn $70-80k plus to live better than average in SD. And if you're thinking of buying a house or condo, you better have a significant other that earns enough so that your combined income is over $100K. Where I live right now (South America) salaries are much lower but the life cost is much lower too. I am married but have no kids yet. I think my wife won't be able to work because she won't get a green card.", "California ranks No. 5 in the country for average salary for workers across all employee… more. The average salary is about $51,910, or an average hourly pay of $24.96. That covers 14,038,950 workers. Although not a state, the District of Columbia has the highest average annual salary at $74,540. The typical worker earns 36 percent more in the district than in any of the 50 states. Massachusetts was No. 2 with average pay of $54,740, followed by Connecticut ($52,830) and New York ($51,910). Enlarge. California ranks No. 5 in the country for average salary for workers across all employee… more. Despite what you’d think, California does not have the highest average salary in the country.", "This content is part of California Department of Education's information and media guide about education in the State of California. For similar information on other topics, visit the full CalEdFacts. Questions concerning program information should be directed to the Policy and Evaluation Division by phone at 916-319-0875 or by e-mail at sarc@cde.ca.gov. Additional information is also available on the California Department of Education SARC Web page.", "Your salary depends on what job you do and whether your position is full-time, part-time, or intermittent. Job bulletins show the salary range for various job descriptions. To see the salary for various job descriptions, and what jobs you might qualify for, check out these links. To read some of these, you’ll need Adobe Reader – get a free download. 1 I have a bachelor's degree-Check out jobs you might qualify for based on your major. 2 Check here for high school graduates. Search for salary by job description-Once you have a job you're interested in, find the salary range by entering the job title. Civil Service pay scales-The official salaries for all State jobs." ], "url": [ "http://www.cde.ca.gov/fg/fr/sa/cefavgsalaries.asp", "http://www.indeed.com/salary/q-Good-l-California.html", "http://www.payscale.com/research/US/State=California/Salary", "http://www.calhr.ca.gov/employees/pages/salary-and-benefits.aspx", "http://www.calhr.ca.gov/employees/pages/salary-and-benefits.aspx", "http://www.city-data.com/forum/san-diego/954955-what-good-salary-live-san-diego.html", "http://www.bizjournals.com/sacramento/news/2012/04/16/california-ranks-no-5-for-annual-pay.html", "http://www.cde.ca.gov/fg/fr/sa/cefavgsalaries.asp", "http://www.calhr.ca.gov/employees/pages/salary-and-benefits.aspx" ] }

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[ "Devoted to God." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Hebrew Meaning: The name Isabella is a Hebrew baby name. In Hebrew the meaning of the name Isabella is: Devoted to God. American Meaning: The name Isabella is an American baby name. In American the meaning of the name Isabella is: Devoted to God. Italian Meaning: The name Isabella is an Italian baby name. In Italian the meaning of the name Isabella is: consecrated to God. Shakespearean Meaning: The name Isabella is a Shakespearean baby name.", "Meaning of Isabel. Hebrew name. In Hebrew, the name Isabel means-Devoted to God.. Other origins for the name Isabel include-Hebrew, Spanish, English, Spanish.The name Isabel is most often used as a girl name or female name. Hebrew Name Meaning-Devoted to God.", "Isabel is generally used as a girl's name. It consists of 6 letters and 3 syllables and is pronounced I-sa-bel. In the U.S. in 2014, it ranked 144 in baby name popularity for girls with 2313 occurrences. What does Isabel mean, popularity, numerology and more. The name Isabel is of Spanish origin. The meaning of Isabel is my G-d is an oath, pledged to G-d.", "Isabel is a form of the name Elizabeth. The name Elizabeth is derived from Elisabet (ελισαβε&tau), the Greek form of the Hebrew name Elisheva (אֱלִישֶׁבַע). The Hebrew name Elisheva, appears in the Old Testament where Elisheva is the wife of Aaron. What does Isabel mean, popularity, numerology and more. The name Isabel is of Spanish origin. The meaning of Isabel is my G-d is an oath, pledged to G-d.", "Latin Meaning: The name Isabel is a Latin baby name. In Latin the meaning of the name Isabel is: My God is bountiful;God of plenty. SoulUrge Number: 6. Expression Number: 3. People with this name have a deep inner desire for a stable, loving family or community, and a need to work with others and to be appreciated.", "Isabel /is-abel/ [3 sylls.] as a girls' name is pronounced iz-a-bel. It is of Hebrew origin, and the meaning of Isabel is God is my oath. Spanish variant of Elizabeth. Literary: Henry James named the heroine of his Portrait of a Lady Isabel Archer. Isabella is the name of several Spanish queens. See also Chavela. Isabel is a very prominent first name for females (#313 out of 4276, Top 7%) and also a very prominent surname for both adults and children (#23454 out of 150436, Top 16%). (2000 U.S. Census). Displayed below is the birth name popularity of Isabel for girls.", "Isabel means Beuty in Italian!!! my name comes from italy and it means beatiful so everyone thats name is isabel like mine is beatiful. The name 'Isabel' means Consecrated to God. Isabel. my name is isabel and my name meaning means GOD's PROMISE that is so cool. 72: vote up - 9: vote down." ], "url": [ "http://www.sheknows.com/baby-names/name/isabella", "http://www.meaning-of-names.com/hebrew-names/isabel.asp", "http://www.ourbabynamer.com/meaning-of-Isabel.html", "http://www.ourbabynamer.com/meaning-of-Isabel.html", "http://www.sheknows.com/baby-names/name/isabel", "http://www.thinkbabynames.com/meaning/0/Isabel", "http://what-does-my-name-mean.org/name/isabel/" ] }

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[ "$75,179 per year" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Criminology. A survey conducted by the National Association of Colleges and Employers showed that a bachelor’s degree in criminology translates into a starting salary of $33,160 a year. Florida State University found a similar number from its survey. On average, criminology graduates earned $32,220 a year, as of 2012. But the salary range for entry-level criminologists was $20,880 to $44,000 a year. Employer. Criminologists working for the federal government often have greater earning potential than those at the state or local level. In the federal government, a criminologist can earn upward of $84,098 a year. At the state or local level, salaries range between $40,695 and $56,993 a year.", "This represents a growth in salaries of 17%. State trends for all professions mirror this growth. There is a 114% pay differential between the highest paid criminology professionals and those in the bottom 10% of the pay bracket. Thus, there is huge variation in pay, within the field of criminology in California.", "California Criminologist Salary Information. The average yearly salary for Criminologist in California is $49,831. If you are just beginning to work a new job as a Criminologist in California, you could earn a starting pay rate of $41,038 annually. As is true for most jobs and careers, you can expect your hourly pay rate or salary to increase as you gain experience and the longer you are employed with the same employer. In California you could potentially make an average income of around $58,625 after several years on the job with increased wages.", "Obviously, the best paying area in California for criminal investigators is San Francisco. In San Francisco, the median salary surpasses the statewide median by 23% and the top 25% salary by about 21%. The table below provides further salary information regarding criminal investigators in California: Detectives in the top 25% have been reported to average $110,614 per year, which is about $53.18 per hour. Here is a look at how much detectives and criminal investigators are earning by location:", "In California, as the number of criminology professionals is growing, the salaries earned by criminology professionals are increasing. Criminology professionals earned a yearly mean salary of $69,030 in 2006. They earned a yearly mean salary of $83,243 in 2010. There is a 114% pay differential between the highest paid criminology professionals and those in the bottom 10% of the pay bracket. Thus, there is huge variation in pay, within the field of criminology in California.", "Based on information published by the California Employment Development Department, there is a median detective salary in California of $97,260, and this is based on an estimated hourly wage of $46.76. The average salary comes in just slightly lower, but only by about 1.4%, at $95,867. Detectives in the top 25% have been reported to average $110,614 per year, which is about $53.18 per hour. Here is a look at how much detectives and criminal investigators are earning by location: Los Angeles County", "Each year, an average of 781 students graduate from criminology schools in California. There are 9 criminology schools in California if you are interested in pursuing credentials in the field of criminology. Yearly tuition at criminology schools in California for a degree in criminology is $17,399 per year.", "In California, as a criminologist, you can expect to earn a salary of anywhere from less than $54,821 per year to more than $102,235 per year. But the median salary for criminologists earn $75,179 per year, in California. There are 9 criminology schools in California if you are interested in pursuing credentials in the field of criminology. Yearly tuition at criminology schools in California for a degree in criminology is $17,399 per year.", "Criminology Salaries and Career Outlook in California. A majority of those with an education in criminology pursue a career as a criminologist. The job outlook for criminologists in California is good. In California, there are currently about 12,900 criminologists. And the government projects that this number will increase by 17%, or to 15,100 criminologists by the year 2018. There are 9 criminology schools in California if you are interested in pursuing credentials in the field of criminology. Yearly tuition at criminology schools in California for a degree in criminology is $17,399 per year.", "The average Criminologist age in California is 37 years old. As it pertains to men vs women, 50% of Criminologist are male in California, and 50% of the Criminologist are female in California. As is true for most jobs and careers, you can expect your hourly pay rate or salary to increase as you gain experience and the longer you are employed with the same employer. In California you could potentially make an average income of around $58,625 after several years on the job with increased wages." ], "url": [ "http://work.chron.com/annual-income-criminologist-11118.html", "http://www.educationnews.org/career-index/criminology-schools-in-california/", "http://salarygenius.com/ca/1/salary/criminologist-salary", "http://www.detectiveedu.org/california/california-salary/", "http://www.educationnews.org/career-index/criminology-schools-in-california/", "http://www.detectiveedu.org/california/california-salary/", "http://www.hackcollege.com/school-finder/schools/california/criminology/", "http://www.hackcollege.com/school-finder/schools/california/criminology/", "http://www.hackcollege.com/school-finder/schools/california/criminology/", "http://salarygenius.com/ca/1/salary/criminologist-salary" ] }

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[ "Sprouted mung beans are baby mung bean plants. Because mung bean sprouts are so small, they contain a concentrated amount of key vitamins and minerals such as iron, potassium, folate and vitamin C. They are also a good source of protein." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Eat fresh sprouted mung beans quickly because the longer you store them, the more protein and other nutrients they lose. Add sprouted mung beans to vegetable stir-fry or stir them into a pot of vegetable stew. Sprinkle sprouted mung beans on a tossed green salad or add them to a pasta salad recipe. Sprouted mung beans don't contain as much protein as animal sources such as meat, fish, eggs, milk and cheese, but they do supply a small amount. One cup of sprouted and cooked mung beans provides 2.5 grams of protein toward your daily goal of 8 grams for every 20 pounds that you weigh.", "The mung bean (Vigna radiata), alternatively known as the moong bean, green gram, but not mungo or mingo, is a plant species in the legume family. Whole beans and mung bean paste [edit]. Whole cooked mung beans are generally prepared from dried beans by boiling until they are soft. Mung beans are light yellow in colour when their skins are removed. Mung bean paste can be made by dehulling, cooking, and pulverizing the beans to a dry paste.", "One cup of mung bean sprouts contains 26 calories. Sprouted mung beans are baby mung bean plants. Because mung bean sprouts are so small, they contain a concentrated amount of key vitamins and minerals such as iron, potassium, folate and vitamin C. They are also a good source of protein. Sprouted mung beans don't contain as much protein as animal sources such as meat, fish, eggs, milk and cheese, but they do supply a small amount. One cup of sprouted and cooked mung beans provides 2.5 grams of protein toward your daily goal of 8 grams for every 20 pounds that you weigh.", "Mung Beans and Rice is good for the kidneys, colon and digestive organs. It is also beneficial in cases of constipation, or when food is not being digested thoroughly by the intestines. Mung beans are a very easily assimilated form of protein. For thirty days, eat only mung beans and rice at mealtimes, with lots of fresh vegetables cooked into the same dish. Fruit may be eaten between meals as a snack, and you can drink yogi tea. As a variation, you can eat mung beans and rice with yogurt. In the winter, you can grind chiles into it to make it hot spicy.", "One cup of mung bean sprouts offers 14 mg of vitamin C, an antioxidant that supports healthy vision. Good for diabetics, mung beans also reduce cholesterol levels, support healthy liver functions, help the skin slow down the aging process and strengthen hair and nails. Conduct your sprouting activities away from direct sunlight. Soak the beans in cool water for 8 to 12 hours. Drain the soak water and place the beans into a sprouter. Rinse and drain the sprouts 2 or 3 times a day. Your initial crop of short, sweet mung sprouts are ready to eat in 2 or 3 days. Within 4 to 6 days the roots of your sprouts turn out thicker and longer", "The expression “good things come in small packages” certainly holds true for mung beans. With its dense phenol content and broad array of nutrients, the mung bean forges an impressive defense against several chronic, age-related diseases including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer, and obesity. The versatile mung bean has also been shown to target another significant cardiovascular disease risk factor in high blood pressure. Hypertensive rats supplemented with mung bean sprout extracts for one month experienced significant reductions in systolic", "Bean sprouts, which are often served with pho. Mung beans in the process of sprouting. Stir-fries that contain mung beans or other legumes can be served over nutritious brown rice. Bean sprouts can make a good addition to a nutritious salad. Mung beans are small green legumes. Legumes are seeds from the pods of plants in the Leguminosae family and also the Fabaceae family. When sprouted, they are usually just called bean sprouts. Like many other legumes, this bean can be eaten raw when sprouted, or else eaten cooked with the skin on or off" ], "url": [ "http://healthyeating.sfgate.com/much-protein-sprouted-cooked-mung-beans-6082.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mung_bean", "http://healthyeating.sfgate.com/much-protein-sprouted-cooked-mung-beans-6082.html", "http://www.yogamurrieta.com/node/347", "http://www.nwitimes.com/niche/get-healthy/nutrition/herbal-healer-what-is-mung-bean/article_3aa1be17-83f6-59e4-9493-331a113b01d8.html", "http://www.lifeextension.com/magazine/2014/1/The-Mighty-Mung-Bean/Page-01", "http://www.wisegeek.org/what-are-mung-beans.htm" ] }

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[ "Average $1000 per tooth.", "Average $1000 per tooth." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Veneers can cost from as little as $500 each to over $2000. Good oral hygiene is expected with porcelain veneers just as you would normal healthy teeth. As durable as they are a little extra care will need to be taken when it comes to eating tough foods and be sure to avoid grinding of your teeth. ", "Porcelain veneers are more expensive than indirect or direct composite resin veneers. Traditional porcelain veneers cost between $925 and $2,500 per tooth but can last 10 to 15 years. Composite veneers cost approximately $250 to $1500 per tooth and may last between five and seven years. ", "per tooth and require two or more visits one to two weeks apart. Veneers made of porcelain provide a greater longevity than plastic, typically ten years to fifteen years or more. Composite Veneers cost significantly less, around $250 per tooth or more, but only last from five to seven years typically. Lumineer Porcelain Veneers typically cost between $700. - $1,000. per tooth and also require just two visits. Lumineers are expected to last as long as traditional porcelain veneers. Generally speaking, the price of tooth veneers and whitening increases with the number of in-office treatments required by the patien", "Although the cost of veneers varies significantly, there are national averages serving as a price indicator. Composite veneers cost per tooth ranges between $250 and $1,500. Porcelain veneers cost per tooth ranges between $925 and $2,500. Compare with the cost of mini implants, the cost of dentures and the cost of tooth bridges. The cost of dental veneers varies significantly on a case-by-case basis, the most important factor of which is perhaps the number of veneers. It goes without saying that the more veneers required for smile makeover, the higher the cost the treatment will be.", "1 At 0.2mm-0.3mm thick, the Lumineers brand of veneers are thin like a contact lens, and cost $700-$1,300 per tooth, or total costs of $2,800-$5,500 on four upper front teeth. 2 Veneers are considered purely cosmetic and are rarely covered by dental insurance. 1 If teeth are unsightly after being shaved, temporary veneers can be installed for an extra fee; if interested in temporaries, let the dentist know and ask for a quote in advance. 2 There might be additional charges for an initial office visit ($50-$350) or initial office visit.", "Costs of veneers vary depending on what part of the country you live in and on the extent of your procedure. Generally, veneers range in cost from $500 to $1,300 per tooth. The cost of veneers is not generally covered by insurance. To be certain, check with your specific dental insurance company. ", "A poor result may cost you far more in the long run. On average, Lumineers or traditional veneers can cost anywhere between $800 and $2,000 per tooth, depending on individual cases and needs. Factors that will influence the cost of treatment are case difficulty, size, geography, and more. The cost of Lumineers or other smile enhancement should never keep you from achieving the smile you've always wanted. Getting that perfect smile is an important investment because you are investing in yourself, which can pay important dividends in terms of self-esteem, confidence, career and relationships.", "The cost of veneers will vary depending on the difficulty of your individual case, the amount of veneers needed, and the city and state you are located in. Only your individual dentist can tell you what the final cost will be. Typically, veneers can cost on average $1000 per tooth. between $800 and $2,000 per tooth.", "1 On average, the cost of porcelain veneers can vary anywhere from as little as $1,500 to as much as $20,000. 2 The pricing has such as wide range because each person’s teeth vary. 3 With that being said, replacing a few teeth with porcelain veneers will be a lot cheaper than replacing a full set of teeth. Porcelain veneers can be done for a number of reasons. First, they can improve the color of the teeth. If you have a tooth that is slightly discolored because of nerve damage due to an injury, the porcelain veneers can be matched to the color of your other teeth." ], "url": [ "http://www.jephsonstreetdental.com.au/veneers-brisbane.html", "http://www.yourdentistryguide.com/veneer-procedure/", "https://sg.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20070604114558AAxaQxX", "http://www.newimage.com/cosmetic-dentistry/dental-veneers-cost.html", "http://health.costhelper.com/veneer-lumineer.html", "http://www.webmd.com/oral-health/guide/veneers", "http://www.lumineers.com/h2_lumineers_cost", "http://www.smilebrilliant.com/articles/average-cost-of-dental-veneers", "http://www.howmuchisit.org/porcelain-veneers-cost/" ] }

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[ "5 to 6 months" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "When do babies roll over? Your baby may be able to kick himself over, from his tummy to his back, as early as age 4 months. It may take him until he's about 5 or 6 months to flip from back to front, though, because he needs stronger neck and arm muscles for that maneuver.", "How babies learn to roll over. At about 3 months, when placed on his stomach, your baby will lift his head and shoulders high, using his arms for support. This mini-pushup helps him strengthen the muscles he'll use to roll over. He'll amaze you (and himself!) the first time he flips over.", "What to do if your baby doesn't roll over. If your baby hasn't figured out how to flip one way or the other by the time he's about 6 months old, and hasn't moved on to sit and try to scoot and crawl instead, bring it up the next time you talk to his doctor.", "Your baby will probably be able to roll over when he's about six months or seven months, when his neck and arm muscles are strong enough. Some babies manage to roll over as early as three months, but other babies take longer than seven months.", "Back-to-belly rolling comes later, usually by 5 to 6 months, or a month after he learned to roll over initially. Your baby's first roll-over usually occurs during a tummy-time session. When placed flat on his belly, your baby instinctively uses his arms to raise his head and shoulders off the floor.", "Some babies can flip themselves from their front to their back as early as three months. But it's more likely that your baby will be six months or seven months old by the time she's strong enough to roll both ways. Her neck and arm muscles need time to strengthen first.", "Every baby’s different, but around four months most start rolling from front to back, and pretty soon after they can hold their heads up. It’ll take time and coordination to flip from back to front, though, so don’t expect that to happen until around five months. And then, watch out!", "Most babies can roll over by the time they are six months. If your baby is not rolling over, at least from front to back, by the time he is six months you should discuss this with your doctor." ], "url": [ "http://www.babycenter.com/0_baby-milestone-rolling-over_6504.bc", "http://www.babycenter.com/0_baby-milestone-rolling-over_6504.bc", "http://www.babycenter.com/0_baby-milestone-rolling-over_6504.bc", "http://www.babycentre.co.uk/a6504/developmental-milestones-rolling-over", "http://www.parents.com/advice/babies/baby-development/when-will-my-baby-start-rolling-over/", "http://www.babycentre.co.uk/x1048863/when-will-my-baby-roll-over", "http://www.thebump.com/a/when-will-baby-start-to-roll-over", "http://www.justmommies.com/articles/baby-rolling-over.shtml" ] }

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[ "In the past Archaea were classified as an unusual group of bacteria and named archaebacteria, but since the Archaea have an independent evolutionary history and manifest numerous differences in their biochemistry from other forms of life, they are now classified as a separate domain in the three-domain system." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "These microbes are prokaryotes, meaning that they have no cell nucleus or any other membrane-bound organelles in their cells. Archaea were initially classified as bacteria, receiving the name archaebacteria (in the Archaebacteria kingdom), but this classification is outdated. Although Archaea are prokaryotic, they are more closely related to Eukarya and thus cannot be placed within either the Bacteria or Eukarya domains. One property unique to Archaea is the abundant use of ether-linked lipids in their cell membranes.", "Introduction (from Wikipedia). The Archaea constitute a domain or kingdom of single-celled microorganisms. These microbes are prokaryotes, meaning that they have no cell nucleus or any other membrane-bound organelles in their cells. Bacteria constitute a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms", "Archaea and bacteria are both single-celled microorganisms known as prokaryotes but this is one of the few things they have in common. Even though they both look vaguely similar when viewed through a microscope, each represents a completely different group of creatures. Inside archaea, protein-synthesizing molecules called ribosomes are different from those found in bacteria, and are closer to the ribosomes present in eukaryotic cells. Eukaryotic cells are found in humans, animals, plants, fungi and protozoa.", "ANd bacteria don't! Thats what makes them different. Also Archaea bacteria live in extremem condtions that normal bacteria can't. This is why they are seperated Eukaryotes are in the same domain because they have a nucleus, this makes them much more complex then bacteria.", "In the past Archaea were classified as an unusual group of bacteria and named archaebacteria, but since the Archaea have an independent evolutionary history and manifest numerous differences in their biochemistry from other forms of life, they are now classified as a separate domain in the three-domain system. ", "Archaea and bacteria have different cell membranes and cell structures, and archaea are found in extreme environments where most bacteria could not survive. Bacteria cell walls contain a substance known as peptidoglycan, while the cell walls of archaea do not. Archaea and bacteria also differ because the cell membranes of archaea have a unique structure and do not contain the same lipids, or fats, that are found in the cell membranes of other organisms. Inside archaea, protein-synthesizing molecules called ribosomes are different from those found in bacteria, and are closer to the ribosomes present in eukaryotic cells. Eukaryotic cells are found in humans, animals, plants, fungi and protozoa.", "Here is more information on the differences between these two microorganisms. Both bacteria and archaea have different Ribosomal RNAs (rRNA). Archea have three RNA polymerases like eukaryotes, but bacteria have only one. Archaea have cell walls that lack peptidoglycan and have membranes that enclose lipids with hydrocarbons rather than fatty acids (not a bilayer). ", "Eukarya has a doubled walled nucleus containing the genetic material and Bacteria and Archaea do not have contained genetic material. Eukarya has membrane bound organelles and … the other two Domains do not. These are the pertinent differences. 10 people found this useful. Bacteria in the domain Archaea are usually found in extreme climates, such as extreme hot(volcanos) or extreme cold (arctic or antarctic). 7 people found this useful." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaea", "http://www.diffen.com/difference/Archaea_vs_Bacteria", "http://www.wisegeek.org/what-are-the-differences-between-archaea-and-bacteria.htm", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090912165046AA83Suq", "http://eol.org/info/457", "http://www.wisegeek.org/what-are-the-differences-between-archaea-and-bacteria.htm", "http://www.differencebetween.net/science/difference-between-archaea-and-bacteria/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Why_are_archaea_in_a_different_domain_from_bacteria" ] }

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[ "Dungaree is a type of cloth woven from cotton." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Dungaree is a type of cloth woven from cotton. It is a thick, durable twill that is almost always dyed blue. Another word for dungaree is blue denim. In its plural form, dungarees refer to clothing made from blue denim, i.e. blue jeans. Significance. Dungarees can be considered a universal garment, because they are worn by millions of people all over the world. Dungarees are especially associated with the United States, however, perhaps because their popularization is so closely tied to the youth culture revolutions of the 1950s and 1960s.", "dun·ga·ree. n. 1. A sturdy, often blue denim fabric. 2. dungarees Pants or overalls made of sturdy denim fabric. ", "Everyone wore “dungarees” that later morphed into “jeans.” I recall the lifers in the service referring to the work uniform as “dungarees.” What’s the origin of “dungaree” and who the heck was Jean? — Ed Callan. The difference between dungarees and jeans is the cut. Dungarees are cut to fall straight down off the hips, abdomin, and buttox, while jeans are cut so that they conform to the shape of the abdomin, buttox, and thighs.", "Definition of DUNGAREE. 1. : a heavy coarse durable cotton twill woven from colored yarns; specifically: blue denim. 2. plural: clothes made usually of blue denim. — dun·ga·reed \\-ˈrēd, -ˌrēd\\ adjective. See dungaree defined for kids. ADVERTISEMENT. ", "The Lee men's dungarees carpenter jean is a popular option for both casual and work needs. Available in a number of colors, these jeans are reliable in sizing and wear. You will appreciate the quality with which they are crafted and the durability that reflects the Lee brand. The mid-weight denim is comfortable to wear. ", "Durability. Whether you choose relaxed, loose or dungaree fit, Carhartt work pants are built to last. All feature quality fabrics that are designed for a comfortable fit and provide ample room for movement. Carhartt Canvas Work Dungaree Fit Pant (Carhartt B151).", "Dungaree fabric (used in English since 1605–15, from the Hindi dungrī) is a kind of coarse thick 2/2 twill-weave cotton cloth, often coloured blue. The word is possibly derived from Dongri, a dockside village near Mumbai. In US English the term is used for hard-wearing work trousers made from such fabric, and in British English for bib overalls in various fabrics, either for casual or work use. By 1891 Kipling was using the word to refer to a kind of garment (in the plural) as well as a fabric. As a fabric, it is used largely the same way as jeans cloth, to make sturdy trousers. In many non-Anglophone countries, the two words are interchangeable (British vs. US English).", "Whether you choose traditional, relaxed, loose or dungaree fit, Carhartt Jeans are built to last. All feature premium fabric for durability, are designed for a comfortable fit and provide ample room for movement. Carhartt Jeans for Men. Whether you choose traditional, relaxed, loose or dungaree fit, Carhartt Jeans are built to last. All feature premium fabric for durability, are designed for a comfortable fit and provide ample room for movement. Carhartt Denim Relaxed Fit Jean (Carhartt B17)." ], "url": [ "http://www.ehow.com/about_5382250_dungaree.html", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/dungarees", "http://www.word-detective.com/2008/12/dungarees-jeans/", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/dungaree", "http://www.sears.com/lee-men-39-s-dungarees-carpenter-jean/p-041A0049000P", "http://dungarees.net/category_Carhartt_Pants-1-21-0-1-0-0.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dungaree_(fabric)", "http://dungarees.net/category_Carhartt_Jeans-1-20-0-1-0-0.html" ] }

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[ "The word 'fakir' refers to the one who is self-sufficient and only possesses the spiritual need for God.", "fakir is self-sufficient and only possesses the spiritual need for God." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "fakir. n. 1. (Islam) a Muslim ascetic who rejects wordly possessions. 2. (Hinduism) a Hindu ascetic mendicant or holy man. [C17: from Arabic faqīr poor]. ", "A fakir, or faqir (/fəˈkɪər/ ; Arabic: فقیر ‎ (noun of faqr)), derived from faqr (Arabic: فقر ‎, poverty). Explaining the attributes of a fakir, he says, faqir is not who can not do anything and is nothing in his self-being. But faqir has all the commanding powers (gifted from Allah) and his orders can not be revoked.. Then, Ibn Arabi explained Sufism, including faqr, in more details.", "Fakir, though he does not know it until late in the series, is the great-great-great grandson of Drosselmeyer, and thus inherited the power to affect reality by writing stories. 1 A fakir or faqir (Arabic: فقیر‎) is a Sufi who performs feats of endurance or apparent magic. 2 It has also become a common Urdu, Bengali, and Hindi byword for beggar. 3 Despite the source of his name, Fakir is not an Arab.", "Historically, the terms tasawwuf, Sufism, faqr, and faqer (noun of faqr) were first used (with full definition) by Husayn ibn Ali, who was the grandson of Muhammad. He wrote a book, Mirat ul Arfeen, on this topic, which is said to be the first book on Sufism and tasawwuf. Explaining the attributes of a fakir, he says, faqir is not who can not do anything and is nothing in his self-being. But faqir has all the commanding powers (gifted from Allah) and his orders can not be revoked.. Then, Ibn Arabi explained Sufism, including faqr, in more details.", "A Muslim (or, loosely, a Hindu) religious ascetic who lives solely on alms. Example sentences. 1 Giving details, the Chairman has asserted that Guru Granth Sahib revered by the Sikhs as a living God, contained verses of 15 Hindu saints and Muslim fakirs.", "Photograph of a shrine of a Muslim Sufi fakir, Sultan Bahoo, Punjab, Pakistan. During the 17th century, another noble and spirited Muslim scholar and saint, Sultan Bahoo, revolutionized Sufism and reinstated (with fresh properties) the definition of faqr and faqir. Explaining the attributes of a fakir, he says, faqir is not who can not do anything and is nothing in his self-being. But faqir has all the commanding powers (gifted from Allah) and his orders can not be revoked.. Then, Ibn Arabi explained Sufism, including faqr, in more details.", "FAKIR MUSAFAR is known worldwide for his fifty year's research and personal exploration of primitive body decoration and rituals. Fakir has introduced concepts and practices for the body-first approach to explore spirituality in art, body modifications, SM and what he calls body play. Fakir is also a photographic fine artist who has recorded his own rituals, adornments, and modifications and those of others for over 50 years. His images are a beautiful and powerful record of contemporary history; they capture the spirit and beauty of the human body in transition.", "The word 'fakir' refers to the one who is self-sufficient and only possesses the spiritual need for God. Faqirs are Muslim ascetics and Sufis who have taken vows of poverty and worship, renounce all relations and possessions. Explaining the attributes of a fakir, he says, faqir is not who can not do anything and is nothing in his self-being. But faqir has all the commanding powers (gifted from Allah) and his orders can not be revoked.. Then, Ibn Arabi explained Sufism, including faqr, in more details.", "Born in 1930 on what was then an Indian Reservation, Fakir is a depression baby from Aberdeen, South Dakota. He studied electrical engineering and has a B.S.E. degree from Northern State University (South Dakota) plus an M.A. degree in Creative Writing from San Francisco State University. Fakir is also a photographic fine artist who has recorded his own rituals, adornments, and modifications and those of others for over 50 years. His images are a beautiful and powerful record of contemporary history; they capture the spirit and beauty of the human body in transition." ], "url": [ "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/fakir", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fakir", "http://princesstutu.wikia.com/wiki/Fakir", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fakir", "http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/fakir", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fakir", "http://www.fakir.org/aboutfakir/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fakir", "http://www.fakir.org/aboutfakir/" ] }

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[ "Any amount of snow sliding down a mountainside." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Avalanches are typically triggered in a starting zone from a mechanical failure in the snowpack (slab avalanche) when the forces on the snow exceed its strength but sometimes only with gradually widening (loose snow avalanche). If the avalanche moves fast enough some of the snow may mix with the air forming a powder snow avalanche, which is a type of gravity current. Slides of rocks or debris, behaving in a similar way to snow, are also referred to as avalanches (see rockslid", "Chevrolet Avalanche. Avalanche is a pickup truck that was offered by Chevrolet from the 2002–2012 model years, and in 2013, as the Black Diamond Avalanche. With its split-folding rear bench seat down and the Midgate ® lowered, Avalanche offered the capability of a full-size pickup truck with the comfortable interior of an upscale SUV.", "The word avalanche is derived from the French word avalance meaning descent. An avalanche is a mass of snow, often mixed with ice and debris which travels down mountain sides, destroying all in its path. ", "An avalanche of snow sweeps down the slopes of Mount Timpanogos in Utah. Greg L. Wright. An avalanche is a large amount of snow that quickly moves down a slope. An avalanche can be deadly because it will bury or sweep away anything in its path. Large amounts of sliding rocks, earth, or other materials may also be called avalanches. But these are often known as landslides. ", "Seismic activity may also trigger the failure in the snowpack and avalanches. A popular myth is that avalanches can be triggered by loud noise or shouting, but the pressure from sound is orders of magnitude too small to trigger an avalanche. If the avalanche moves fast enough some of the snow may mix with the air forming a powder snow avalanche, which is a type of gravity current. Slides of rocks or debris, behaving in a similar way to snow, are also referred to as avalanches (see rockslide)", "An avalanche has three main parts. The starting zone is the most volatile area of a slope, where unstable snow can fracture from the surrounding snow cover and begin to slide. Typical starting zones are higher up on slopes. However, given the right conditions, snow can fracture at any point on the slope. Snow Avalanches. Avalanches can be caused by a variety of factors, including terrain, slope steepness, weather, temperature, and snowpack conditions. (Larger image not available). —Credit: Copyright Richard Armstrong, NSIDC. An avalanche is a rapid flow of snow down a hill or mountainside. Although avalanches can occur on any slope given the right conditions, certain times of the year and certain locations are naturally more dangerous than others", "There are two common types of avalanches, a Surface Avalanche that occurs when a layer of snow with different properties slides over another layer of snow. For example, when a layer of dry loosely packed snow slides over a dense layer of wet snow. The other common avalanche is known as a Full-Depth Avalanche which, as it s name would lead you to believe, occurs when an entire snow cover, from the earth to the surface, slides over the ground. An avalanche can be composed of many different kinds of snow depending on the region, temperature and weather.", "Technically, an avalanche is any amount of snow sliding down a mountainside. It can be compared to a landslide, only with snow instead of earth. The other common avalanche is known as a Full-Depth Avalanche which, as it s name would lead you to believe, occurs when an entire snow cover, from the earth to the surface, slides over the ground. An avalanche can be composed of many different kinds of snow depending on the region, temperature and weather." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avalanche", "http://www.chevrolet.com/discontinued-vehicle/avalanche.html", "http://n-d-a.org/avalanche.php", "http://kids.britannica.com/elementary/article-399351/Avalanche", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avalanche", "http://nsidc.org/cryosphere/snow/science/avalanches.html", "http://www.naturaldisasters.ednet.ns.ca/Projects/Avalanche/bja.htm", "http://www.naturaldisasters.ednet.ns.ca/Projects/Avalanche/bja.htm" ] }

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[ "Creme Brulee is a classic French dessert consisting of a custard topped with caramelized sugar." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Place the cream, vanilla bean and its pulp into a medium saucepan set over medium-high heat and bring to a boil. Remove from the heat, cover and allow to sit for 15 minutes. Remove the vanilla bean and reserve for another use.", "Refers to foods that are sprinkled with sugar and placed under a broiler to caramelize the sugar, forming a hard brittle top. One of the most popular dishes served this way is creme brulee which is a custard topped with the caramelized sugar.", "A chef's torch is used to darken the sugar of a creme brulee without charring it. Eggs are whisked into boiled cream when making creme brulee. Creme crème brulees brûlées can be flavored. With Espresso creme brulee is made using a base of cream. And eggs a sprig of mint adds color and taste to. creme crème brulee brulée", "Creme brulee with fresh blueberries. Nicole S. Young / Getty Images. Creme Brulee (pronounced krem broo-LAY) is a classic French dessert consisting of a custard topped with caramelized sugar. The custard for creme brulee is traditionally made with cream, egg yolks and sugar, and flavored with vanilla.", "A chef's torch is used to darken the sugar of a creme brulee without charring it. Eggs are whisked into boiled cream when making creme brulee. Creme crème brulees brûlées can be flavored. with espresso", "Creme crème (/brulee brûlée/ ; [ˌkrɛm bruːˈleɪ.kʁɛm]), bʁy le also known as, burnt cream, crema Catalana or trinity cream is a dessert consisting of a rich custard base topped with a contrasting layer of. Hard caramel it is normally served at. room temperature", "Caramelizing the sugar on top of the creme brulee is usually done with a small butane torch. Creme brulee means burnt cream in French, as the caramelized sugar on top of the custard is characteristic of creme brulee. Here's a recipe for" ], "url": [ "http://www.foodnetwork.com/recipes/alton-brown/creme-brulee-recipe.html", "http://www.recipetips.com/glossary-term/t--35271/brulee.asp", "http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-creme-brulee.htm", "http://culinaryarts.about.com/od/glossary/g/Creme-Brulee.htm", "http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-creme-brulee.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cr%C3%A8me_br%C3%BBl%C3%A9e", "http://culinaryarts.about.com/od/glossary/g/Creme-Brulee.htm" ] }

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[ "$70-$250 for one or $140-$500 or more for a set." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Answer: retainer replacement. By Sarah h. It is best to replace your retainer as soon as possible to prevent further movement of your teeth. Keep in mind that the retainer will retain the teeth in their current position. The average cost for a removable (Hawley) retainer is $275 per arch. You may want to look into an appliance that will move the tooth back into alignment, then act as a retainer. This can be accomplished with an Essix appliance, which is much like an Invisalign aligner. Essix appliances range between $350-$600. Speak with the dentist at your next visit and find out your options.", "1 If not included, replacement retainers can cost $70-$250 for one or $140-$500 or more for a set. 2 Most dental insurance does not cover replacement retainers. 3 Removable Essix retainers made of vacuum-formed clear plastic typically cost $100-$250 for one or $200-$500 for a set. 1 Most dental insurance does not cover replacement retainers. 2 Removable Essix retainers made of vacuum-formed clear plastic typically cost $100-$250 for one or $200-$500 for a set. 3 They are prone to warping or breaking, so they may need replacing to be replaced relatively frequently.", "Replacement. In the event that a dental retainer is lost or broken, the patient must pay an additional fee to replace the item. Depending on the orthodontic practice, the replacement may range from $75 to $250, says CostHelper.com. Many orthodontists will provide you with an itemized list that will show how the cost is broken down. Retainer prices can vary from $500 to $1,000 as of November 2010, depending on the length and complexity of the treatment, according to figures from CostHelper.com.", "One Hawley Retainer cost $175.00 – $325.00. 1 Permanent fixed retainer-This is a wire that is bonded on the lingual side of the teeth permanently to prevent the teeth from shifting. 2 This is typically done on the lower teeth, but can also be done on the upper. 3 This process has to be done by a dentist. The price of a replacement retainer can vary on where the retainers are purchased from and the type of retainer. There is 3 different types of retainers available.", "1 However, a retainer is usually included in the overall braces fee, so there is no additional charge for the first set of retainers -- and some orthodontists include one or two replacements in their standard braces package. 2 If not included, replacement retainers can cost $70-$250 for one or $140-$500 or more for a set. 1 Most dental insurance does not cover replacement retainers. 2 Removable Essix retainers made of vacuum-formed clear plastic typically cost $100-$250 for one or $200-$500 for a set. 3 They are prone to warping or breaking, so they may need replacing to be replaced relatively frequently.", "1 Using a removable retainer to correct a minor overbite typically involves a series of retainers plus several office visits, X-Rays and fittings. 2 This can cost $500-$2,500, although in some cases it can be $5,000 or more, depending on the complexity and length of treatment. 1 Most dental insurance does not cover replacement retainers. 2 Removable Essix retainers made of vacuum-formed clear plastic typically cost $100-$250 for one or $200-$500 for a set. 3 They are prone to warping or breaking, so they may need replacing to be replaced relatively frequently.", "1 Removable Hawley retainers (made of hard acrylic molded to fit the patient's mouth plus a visible wire to hold the teeth in position) can cost $150-$300 or more for one, or $300-$600 or more for a set (upper and lower). 1 Most dental insurance does not cover replacement retainers. 2 Removable Essix retainers made of vacuum-formed clear plastic typically cost $100-$250 for one or $200-$500 for a set. 3 They are prone to warping or breaking, so they may need replacing to be replaced relatively frequently.", "Best Answer: the upper one would cost between 200-400 to replace depending on: 1 - where you live-some regions (west coast, new england) are pricier than others (midwest, southeast) 2 - how much money your dentist is trying to get for something that basically costs him maybe $80 or so in overhead. Well... the big day is coming up! I'm getting my braces off in about two weeks *jumps for joy* i'm going to have a wire retainer on the top and a bonded on the bottom, so if i lost the top, how much would it cost to replace it? Also, have you heard of the evertain retainer replacement..." ], "url": [ "http://www.bracesinfo.com/question/lost-my-retainers-how-much-do-they-cost.html", "http://health.costhelper.com/retainer.html", "http://www.ehow.com/facts_7528581_much-dental-retainer-cost.html", "http://www.sportingsmiles.com/blog/how-much-does-dental-retainers-cost/", "http://health.costhelper.com/retainer.html", "http://health.costhelper.com/retainer.html", "http://health.costhelper.com/retainer.html", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20071227112209AA6fjmB" ] }

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[ "A MOSFET transistor is a semiconductor device which is widely used to switch the amplification signals in the electronic devices." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "A transistor is used to amplify and switch electronic signals and electrical power. They are used in a variety of circuits and they come in many different shapes. You can use a transistor as a switch or you can use a transistor as an amplifier. Metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor is a type of transistor commonly found in digital and analog circuits to amplify or switch electronic signals.", "Two power MOSFETs in the surface-mount package D2PAK. Each of these components can sustain a blocking voltage of 120 volts and a continuous current of 30 amperes. A power MOSFET is a specific type of metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) designed to handle significant power levels. The power MOSFET is the most widely used low-voltage (that is, less than 200 V) switch. It can be found in most power supplies, DC to DC converters, and low voltage motor controllers.", "See also bipolar transistor and transistor. A field-effect transistor (FET) is a type of transistor commonly used for weak-signal amplification (for example, for amplifying wireless signals). The device can amplify analog or digital signals. It can also switch DC or function as an oscilla", "This video explains to you how MOSFETs (metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor) work and how they are used to amplify and switch electronic signals. This animation describes the enhancement-mode MOSFET. 1 Science & Technology. 2 Standard YouTube License. ", "The MOSFET (Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor) transistor is a semiconductor device which is widely used for switching and amplifying electronic signals in the electronic devices. The MOSFET is a four terminal device with source(S), gate (G), drain (D) and body (B) terminals. The body of the MOSFET is frequently connected to the source terminal so making it a three terminal device like field effect transistor.", "Mosfet Transistor. A MOSFET transistor is a semiconductor device which is widely used to switch the amplification signals in the electronic devices. MOSFET can be expanded metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor that is used to influence the flow of electric charges by influencing the flow of the charges to greater extent. The major advantage of the MOSFET transistor is that it uses low power for accomplishing its purpose and the dissipation of power in terms of loss is very llittle, which makes it a major component in the modern computers and electronic devices like the cell phones, digital watches, small robotic toys and calculators.", "Although the MOSFET is a four-terminal device with source (S), gate (G), drain (D), and body (B) terminals, the body (or substrate) of the MOSFET is often connected to the source terminal, making it a three-terminal device like other field-effect transistors. The metal in the name MOSFET is now often a misnomer because the previously metal gate material is now often a layer of polysilicon (polycrystalline silicon). Aluminium had been the gate material until the mid-1970s, when polysilicon became dominant, due to its capability to form self-aligned gates.", "An insulated-gate field-effect transistor or IGFET is a related term almost synonymous with MOSFET. The term may be more inclusive, since many MOSFETs use a gate that is not metal, and a gate insulator that is not oxide. Another synonym is MISFET for metal–insulator–semiconductor FET. The metal in the name MOSFET is now often a misnomer because the previously metal gate material is now often a layer of polysilicon (polycrystalline silicon). Aluminium had been the gate material until the mid-1970s, when polysilicon became dominant, due to its capability to form self-aligned gates.", "The IGFET or MOSFET is a voltage controlled field effect transistor that differs from a JFET in that it has a “Metal Oxide” Gate electrode which is electrically insulated from the main semiconductor n-channel or p-channel by a very thin layer of insulating material usually silicon dioxide, commonly known as glass. The MOSFET – Metal Oxide FET. As well as the Junction Field Effect Transistor (JFET), there is another type of Field Effect Transistor available whose Gate input is electrically insulated from the main current carrying channel and is therefore called an Insulated Gate Field Effect Transistor or IGFET." ], "url": [ "http://www.jameco.com/Jameco/content/mosfet-darlington-bipolar-transistors.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_MOSFET", "http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/field-effect-transistor-FET", "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tz62t-q_KEc", "https://www.elprocus.com/mosfet-as-a-switch-circuit-diagram-free-circuits/", "http://www.diodes.com/mosfet_transistor_menu.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MOSFET", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MOSFET", "http://www.electronics-tutorials.ws/transistor/tran_6.html" ] }

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{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "cost to add a wall to a room. I am thinking of purchasing a new home but it will depend on the cost to add a wall to divide a room so I can make a bedroom. I have not even a remote clue what an approximate cost would be. Looking at one drywall, 12' wide by 8' high, opening for door, door trim and baseboard. Needs to meet the ceiling. The type of door can play a big part in the cost, and I figured about $75 for a standard pre-hung. You do the painting... If the wall is going to be perpendicular to the joists, it is an easy tie-in, if it is parallel, it can be a pain to add cross bracing. If you estimated $1500 I think you could be safe all around", "Does anyone have an idea of the approximate cost of adding an inside wall 12ft X 8ft high with a 2 ft door?. I'd like to divide a very large room in half. Also the cost of putting a 2 ft door which will connect a bedroom to the hall bathroom? ", "4. Remove 4 1/2 inches of molding from the intersecting walls where the new wall is being installed. This accounts for the width of the studs and drywall sheets on both sides of the new wall. Cut through the molding with a reciprocating saw, and pry the molding off the wall with a pry bar. When building an addition isn't an option, you can create an extra room by building an interior wall with a doorway to divide a large room into two smaller rooms. This is a project that can be done by a do-it-yourself homeowner with moderate skills at a far lower cost than hiring a contractor to build an addition.", "Get an INSTANT estimate of the cost to Frame an Interior Wall! Our free calculator uses recent, trusted data to estimate costs for your Interior Wall Framing project. For a basic 125 square feet project in zip code 47474, the benchmark cost to Frame an Interior Wall ranges between $3.03 - $3.74 per square foot* . To estimate costs for your project: 1. Set Project Zip Code Enter the Zip Code for the location where labor is hired and materials purchased. 2", "The costs to add a wall in your basement to subdivide the available space are not enormous, but you should estimate the price you will pay for the materials and any tools you need. If there will be a heat source on the wall, consider the cost of extra ductwork. Lastly, add the cost of drywall, drywall mud, tape, primer, texture, and paint. If there are any tools you’ll need to buy for any part of the work, factor those costs as well.", "A pre-hung door is a door that is attached to a frame by the manufacturer, saving you the trouble of installing the hinges and hanging the door. You add 3 inches to the measurement to account for the thickness of the wall framing on both sides of the door. A 2-by-4 board actually measures 1 1/2 by 3 1/2 inches. You need to remove enough trim to account for the width of the 2-by-4 boards in the wall framing, an inch of drywall and the thickness of the baseboard trim on both sides of the new wall. Cut into the trim with a reciprocating saw, and pry it off of the wall with a pry bar.", "Drywall is the most common type of wall. The biggest impact will be the drywall itself. Ensuring you get enough to cover all of your walls and possibly ceilings will be a bulk of the price to install drywall. Beyond that, there are special drywall screws, the joint compound or mud, and tape. ", "1 Do-it-yourself supplies for building a partition wall can run $150-$500 or more for an 8-foot high L-shaped wall about 18-20 feet long, depending on local lumber prices and the materials used, such as drywall or beadboard. 2 The higher cost range may include a simple prehung door. 1 Hiring someone to build an L-shaped partition wall 8 feet high and 18-20 feet long could run $400-$1,500 or more for labor and materials depending on the complexity of the project, local labor rates and the quality of materials used." ], "url": [ "http://www.doityourself.com/forum/walls-ceilings/255714-cost-add-wall-room.html", "http://ths.gardenweb.com/discussions/2608975/cost-of-adding-inside-wall", "http://homeguides.sfgate.com/add-interior-wall-doorway-36173.html", "http://www.homewyse.com/services/cost_to_frame_interior_wall.html", "http://www.doityourself.com/stry/estimating-the-cost-to-add-a-wall-in-your-basement", "http://homeguides.sfgate.com/add-wall-finished-room-29259.html", "http://www.homeadvisor.com/cost/walls-and-ceilings/install-a-wall/", "http://home.costhelper.com/partition-wall.html" ] }

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[ "Sudden weakness, numbness, inability to move, changes in vision, or slurred speech." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1 Confusion occurs with other signs of a stroke, such as sudden weakness, numbness, inability to move, changes in vision, or slurred speech. 2 Confusion and memory loss develop quickly, over a few hours or days. 3 This is called delirium. 1 A person is unconscious for more than a few seconds. 2 Confusion occurs with other signs of a stroke, such as sudden weakness, numbness, inability to move, changes in vision, or slurred speech. 3 Confusion and memory loss develop quickly, over a few hours or days. 4", "Confusion is a change in mental status in which a person is not able to think with his or her usual level of clarity. Frequently, confusion leads to the loss of ability to recognize people and or places, or tell time and the date. Feelings of disorientation are common in confusion, and decision-making ability is impaired. Confusion may arise suddenly or develop gradually over time.", "Call 911 if: 1 A person is unconscious for more than a few seconds. 2 Confusion occurs with other signs of a stroke, such as sudden weakness, numbness, inability to move, changes in vision, or slurred speech. 3 Confusion and memory loss develop quickly, over a few hours or days. 4 This is called delirium. 1 A person is unconscious for more than a few seconds. 2 Confusion occurs with other signs of a stroke, such as sudden weakness, numbness, inability to move, changes in vision, or slurred speech.", "The main signs are sudden changes in consciousness or state of arousal, such as feeling drowsy or agitated. A person with delirium may experience confusion, disorientation, an inability to focus, memory problems, or changes in perception. ", "Noticing the symptoms of confusion when they first appear will help you or your loved one get prompt treatment. Some signs of confusion are: 1 slurring words or having long pauses during speech. 2 lack of awareness of location or time. 3 forgetting what a task is while it is being performed. If you or someone you know starts showing signs of confusion, call a doctor. People suffering from confusion can sometimes act aggressively, harming themselves or other people. Call a doctor if you notice: 1 dizziness. 2 rapid heart beat. 3 clammy skin. 4 fever. 5 headache. 6 shivering. 7 irregular breathing", "If you're a healthy adult, you can usually treat mild to moderate dehydration by drinking more fluids, such as water or a sports drink (Gatorade, Powerade, others). Get immediate medical care if you develop severe signs and symptoms such as extreme thirst, a lack of urination, shriveled skin, dizziness and confusion. Treat children and older adults with greater caution.", "The signs and symptoms of a concussion can be subtle and may not be immediately apparent. Symptoms can last for days, weeks or even longer. Common symptoms after a concussive traumatic brain injury are headache, loss of memory (amnesia) and confusion. Signs and symptoms of a concussion may include: 1 Headache or a feeling of pressure in the head. 2 Temporary loss of consciousness. 3 Confusion or feeling as if in a fog. 4 Amnesia surrounding the traumatic event. 5 Dizziness or seeing stars. 6 Ringing in the ears. 7 Nausea" ], "url": [ "http://www.webmd.com/brain/tc/confusion-memory-loss-and-altered-alertness-check-your-symptoms", "http://www.medicinenet.com/confusion/symptoms.htm", "http://www.webmd.com/brain/tc/confusion-memory-loss-and-altered-alertness-check-your-symptoms", "http://www.cancer.net/navigating-cancer-care/side-effects/mental-confusion-or-delirium", "http://www.healthline.com/symptom/confusion", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/dehydration/basics/symptoms/CON-20030056", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/concussion/basics/symptoms/CON-20019272" ] }

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[ "The IRS estimates that you should receive your tax refund within 21 days of your return being accepted.", "Within 21 days of your return being accepted." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "If you filed electronically, you must wait 21 days to call to check the status of your return. If you filed by mail, you must wait six weeks to check by phone. Be smart about your tax refundA little bit of education goes a long way. The best way to get your tax refund is to file electronically and get the money direct-deposited into your bank account. That way you get your money quicker.", "When the IRS processes your tax return and approves your refund, you can see your actual personalized refund date. Even though the IRS issues most refunds in less than 21 days after we receive your tax return, it’s possible your tax return may require additional review and take longer. ", "4. IRS Check by Mail: Once your tax return has been received and processed, the IRS will issue you a paper check and send it through the post office. It generally takes about twice as long as direct deposit to receive your refund in the mail. Check in this order: 1. Tax Refund Dates 2. Tax Refund Status 3. You should expect to receive the card in the mail 7-10 days after the IRS accepts your tax return. Once EPS processes your fees, the remainder of your refund will be deposited onto the card", "We know how important your tax refund is to you. Good news, the IRS started processing tax returns on January 30th. Returns will be processed in the order they were submitted and as soon as your tax return is accepted, we will notify you by email. This notification could take up to 48 hours. The IRS estimates that you should receive your tax refund within 21 days of your return being accepted. The IRS issued more than 9 out of 10 refunds in less than 21 days last year and expects the same results this year", "This Site Might Help You. RE: How long does it normally take to receive a state tax refund if I e-filed by direct deposit? My federal was just accepted yesterday and should be direct deposited by 1.30.09 but my state is still waiting to be accepted. My tax state is Louisiana. ", "1 shows “Refund Sent”, the IRS has sent your tax refund to your financial institution for direct deposit. 2 It can take 1 to 5 days for your financial institution to deposit funds into your account. 3 If you requested that your tax refund be mailed, it could take several weeks for your check to arrive. 1 Return Received Notice within 24 – 48 hours after e-file – The IRS Where’s My Refund tool will show “Return Received” status once they begin processing your tax return. 2 You will not see a refund date until the IRS finishes processing your tax return and approves your tax refund.", "If you filed electronically, you must wait 21 days to call to check the status of your return. If you filed by mail, you must wait six weeks to check by phone. Be smart about your tax refund A little bit of education goes a long way. If you filed by mail, you must wait six weeks to check by phone. Be smart about your tax refundA little bit of education goes a long way. The best way to get your tax refund is to file electronically and get the money direct-deposited into your bank account. That way you get your money quicker.", "1 You should receive your amended refund within 6 months from the date filed. 2 If it has been more than five months since you filed your amended return, please call 1-877-252-3052 for assistance. 3 Select individual income tax then listen for the refund option to speak with an agent. ", "Many different factors can affect the timing of your refund after we receive it for processing. Even though we issue most refunds in less than 21 days, it’s possible your tax return may require additional review and take longer. Also, if you are anticipating a refund, take into consideration the time it takes for your financial institution to post the refund to your account, or for mail delivery. You can start checking on the status of your return within 24 hours after we have received your electronically filed tax return or 4 weeks after you mail a paper tax return. Q7: How often does Where’s My Refund? update? Where’s My Refund? updates are made no more than once per day, usually at night.", "Once you are accepted, you are on the IRS payment timetable. The IRS issued more than 9 out of 10 refunds to taxpayers in less than 21 days last year. The same results are expected for 2014. Once you have e-filed your tax return, there are a few ways to check the status of your refund:" ], "url": [ "http://www.fool.com/personal-finance/taxes/2015/01/10/2015-tax-refund-schedule-when-will-you-get-your-re.aspx", "https://www.irs.gov/refunds", "http://www.efile.com/tax-refund/tax-refund-status/", "http://blog.turbotax.intuit.com/tax-refunds/what-is-the-current-irs-status-on-processing-returns-12852/", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090120192940AAld4pW", "http://blog.turbotax.intuit.com/tax-refunds/wheres-my-tax-refund-16241/", "http://www.fool.com/personal-finance/taxes/2015/01/10/2015-tax-refund-schedule-when-will-you-get-your-re.aspx", "http://www.dor.state.nc.us/faq/refunds.html", "https://www.irs.gov/refunds/tax-season-refund-frequently-asked-questions", "https://turbotax.intuit.com/tax-tools/tax-tips/IRS-Tax-Return/Where-s-My-Tax-Refund--The-IRS-Refund-Timetable-Explained/INF12152.html" ] }

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[ "The metalloids separate the metals and nonmetals on a periodic table." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Metal elements are usually good conductors of both electricity and heat. The dividing line between metals and non-metals is not hard and fast, thus the distinction between Post-transition metals and Metalloids is represented differently on different versions of the Periodic Table.", "The elements of the periodic table can be broken into three different groups: metals, metalloids (or semi-metals) and nonmetals. This periodic table shows the three different groups of elements. The metalloid group separates the metals from the nonmetals. Elements to the left are metals and nonmetals are to the right.", "Elements in the periodic table are grouped as metals, metalloids or semimetals, and nonmetals. The metalloids separate the metals and nonmetals on a periodic table. Also, many periodic table have a stair-step line on the table identifying the element groups.", "nonmetal. The elements can be classified as metals, nonmetals, or metalloids. Metals are good conductors of heat and electricity, and are malleable (they can be hammered into sheets) and ductile (they can be drawn into wire).", "Nonmetals, on the right side of the periodic table, are very different from metals. Their surface is dull and they don t conduct heat and electricity. As compared to metals, they have low density and will melt at low temperatures.", "The periodic table on the left separates elements into three groups: the metals (green in the table), nonmetals (orange), and metalloids (blue). Most elements are metals. They are usually shiny, very dense, and only melt at high temperatures. Their shape can be easily changed into thin wires or sheets without breaking." ], "url": [ "http://periodic.lanl.gov/metal.shtml", "http://sciencenotes.org/metals-metalloids-nonmetals/", "http://chemistry.about.com/od/periodictables/ss/Metals-Nonmetals-and-Metalloids-Periodic-Table.htm", "http://www.angelo.edu/faculty/kboudrea/periodic/physical_metals.htm", "http://www.windows2universe.org/earth/geology/metals.html", "http://www.windows2universe.org/earth/geology/metals.html" ] }

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[ "0.4 pCi/L" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "According to a national residential radon survey completed in 1991, the average indoor radon level in the United States is 1.3 picocuries per liter (pCi/L). The average outdoor level is about 0.4 pCi/L. Excessive radon levels have been found in all of the 50 states.", "While short-term tests do not measure the annual average of level of radon, they do offer a quick and inexpensive way to screen for radon in a home. Long-term tests determine the average concentration for a minimum of 90 days.", "The risk to the average person of dying of radon-caused lung cancer due to a lifetime exposure to 4 pCi/L radon level at home is 2.3 percent. If there are five people in your family, the chances that someone becomes a victim of radon over 10 percent.", "The national average of outside radon levels is 0.4 pCi/L and it is estimated by the National Academy of Sciences that outdoor radon levels cause approximately 800 of the 21,000 radon induced lung cancer deaths in the US each year. Your risk of lung cancer increases substantially with exposure to higher radon levels.", "A safe level of radon gas is no radon gas. Radon gas is a carcinogen which causes lung cancer. The US EPA has put it plainly, stating, Any radon exposure has some risk of causing lung cancer. The lower the radon level in your home, the lower your family's risk of lung cancer.. The average person receives a higher dose of radiation from the radon levels in their home than from their combined exposure to all other radiation sources, natural or man-made.", "Colorado specific radon and radon level information can be found throughout this site. You will be able to find information about certified radon inspectors in Colorado, as well as detailed radon level information for every county in Colorado. Radon-You can't see it.", "If the annual average level of radon in a home is above 4.0 pCi/L, the EPA and MDH recommend that steps be taken to lower it. While it isn't possible to reduce radon to zero, the best approach is to lower the radon level as much as possible." ], "url": [ "http://co-radon.info/CO_general.html", "http://www.health.state.mn.us/divs/eh/indoorair/radon/radontestresults.html", "http://www.radonseal.com/radon-level.htm", "http://www.radon.com/radon/radon_levels.html", "http://www.radon.com/radon/radon_levels.html", "http://co-radon.info/CO_general.html", "http://www.health.state.mn.us/divs/eh/indoorair/radon/radontestresults.html" ] }

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{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "You DO NOT remove the side shoots. These tomato plants know what they are doing, hence the name Determinate. They will grow outwards forming a mound or stay small and bushy, or cascade down. These determinate or bush types are great to grow in pots, tubs or even hanging baskets.", "Combine egg and buttermilk; set aside. Combine 1/4 cup all-purpose flour, cornmeal, 1 teaspoon salt, and pepper in a shallow bowl or pan. Dredge tomato slices in remaining 1/4 cup flour; dip in egg mixture, and dredge in cornmeal mixture. Pour oil to a depth of 1/4 to 1/2 inch in a large cast-iron skillet; heat to 375°. Drop tomatoes, in batches, into hot oil, and cook 2 minutes on each side or until golden. Drain on paper towels or a rack.", "Directions. 1 In a large skillet, saute the yellow squash, zucchini, onion and red pepper in oil for 5 minutes. 2 Add garlic and seasonings; saute 2-3 minutes longer or until vegetables are crisp-tender. 3 Stir in tomato; heat through. 4 Yield: 6 servings.", "1 In a large skillet, saute the yellow squash, zucchini, onion and red pepper in oil for 5 minutes. 2 Add garlic and seasonings; saute 2-3 minutes longer or until vegetables are crisp-tender. 3 Stir in tomato; heat through. 4 Yield: 6 servings." ], "url": [ "http://www.seedparade.co.uk/news/sowing/tomatoes-removing-side-shoots-or-not/", "http://www.myrecipes.com/recipe/fried-green-tomatoes-1", "http://www.tasteofhome.com/recipes/summer-squash-and-zucchini-side-dish", "http://www.tasteofhome.com/recipes/summer-squash-and-zucchini-side-dish" ] }

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[ "It is made by joining together the amino acids aspartic acid and phenylalanine." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Aspartame can be made by various synthetic chemical pathways. In general, phenylalanine is modified by a reaction with methanol and then combined with a slightly modified aspartic acid which eventually forms aspartame. 1 5 The amino acids derived from the fermentation process are initially modified to produce aspartame. Aspartame is primarily derived from compounds called amino acids. These are chemicals which are used by plants and animals to create proteins that are essential for life. Of the 20 naturally occurring amino acids, two of them, aspartic acid and phenylalanine, are used in the manufacture of aspartame.", "Aspartame is one of the most common artificial sweeteners in use today. It is sold under the brand names NutraSweet ® and Equal ® . Aspartame is made by joining together the amino acids aspartic acid and phenylalanine. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins and are found naturally in many foods.", "Aspartame is an artificial sweetener used in reduced calorie foods. It is derived primarily from two naturally occurring amino acids chemically combined and designated by the chemical name N-L-aaspartyl-L-phenylalanine-l-methyl ester (APM). Aspartame is primarily derived from compounds called amino acids. These are chemicals which are used by plants and animals to create proteins that are essential for life. Of the 20 naturally occurring amino acids, two of them, aspartic acid and phenylalanine, are used in the manufacture of aspartame.", "Aspartame (APM; /ˈaespərteɪm/ ˈæspərteɪm /or/) əˈspɑrteɪm is an, artificial-non saccharide sweetener used as a sugar substitute in some foods and. beverages In the European Union, it is codified as E951. Aspartame is a methyl ester of the aspartic acid / phenylalanine dipeptide. It was first sold under the brand name NutraSweet. It was first synthesized in 1965, and the patent expired in 1992.", "Aspartame (APM; /ˈaespərteɪm/ ˈæspərteɪm /or/) əˈspɑrteɪm is an, artificial-non saccharide sweetener used as a sugar substitute in some foods and. Beverages in The European, union it is codified As. e951 In the European Union, it is codified as E951. Aspartame is a methyl ester of the aspartic acid / phenylalanine dipeptide. It was first sold under the brand name NutraSweet. It was first synthesized in 1965, and the patent expired in 1992.", "Diabetes. Aspartame is made up of three chemicals: aspartic acid, phenylalanine, and methanol. The book Prescription for Nutritional Healing, by James and Phyllis Balch lists aspartame under the category of chemical poison.. As you shall see, that is exactly what it is. DKP is a byproduct of aspartame metabolism. DKP has been implicated in the occurrence of brain tumors. Olney noticed that DKP, when nitrosated in the gut, produced a compound that was similar to N-nitrosourea, a powerful brain tumor causing chemical.", "According to The Independent, both a Monsanto source and a Monsanto spokesperson revealed that aspartame creation process did in fact involve genetically modified bacteria. “We have two strains of bacteria – one is traditionally modified and one is genetically modified,” said the source. “It’s got a modified enzyme. An article by The Independent entitled “World’s top sweetener is made with GM bacteria” revealed that two of the largest health threats –artificial sweeteners and genetically modified organisms — were joining forces. It may be time to kick aspartame to the curb.", "Aspartame (APM; /ˈaespərteɪm/ ˈæspərteɪm /or/) əˈspɑrteɪm is an, artificial-non saccharide sweetener used as a sugar substitute in some foods and. Beverages in The European, union it is codified As. E951 aspartame is a methyl ester of the aspartic / acid phenylalanine. dipeptide In the European Union, it is codified as E951. Aspartame is a methyl ester of the aspartic acid / phenylalanine dipeptide. It was first sold under the brand name NutraSweet. It was first synthesized in 1965, and the patent expired in 1992." ], "url": [ "http://www.madehow.com/Volume-3/Aspartame.html", "http://www.cancer.org/cancer/cancercauses/othercarcinogens/athome/aspartame", "http://www.madehow.com/Volume-3/Aspartame.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspartame", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspartame", "http://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2011/11/06/aspartame-most-dangerous-substance-added-to-food.aspx", "http://naturalsociety.com/1999-investigation-finds-aspartame-is-made-with-genetically-modified-bacteria/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspartame" ] }

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[ "Genetically modified (GM) foods are foods derived from organisms whose genetic material (DNA) has been modified in a way that does not occur naturally, e.g. through the introduction of a gene from a different organism and Genetically modified food is bad for health." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "A new report claims that genetically modified foods (or organisms) can damage your health and even cause cancer, but some experts say they’re an inexpensive and healthy way to put dinner on your table. Not to mention, they also had a very small control group (fed non-GMO food) of 20 rats that also developed tumors. Despite the results of the contested study, more research needs to be done on the long-term effects of genetically modified foods on humans. Until that happens, many European countries, like Russia and the UK, have already banned certain types of GMOs for human consumption", "Genetically modified (GM) foods are foods derived from organisms whose genetic material (DNA) has been modified in a way that does not occur naturally, e.g. through the introduction of a gene from a different organism. ", "There is a growing amount of information about GMOs in recent years that, (genetically modified organisms), appear to confirm serious health and environmental implications due to these ‘novel’ foods. According to Pusztai, when he expressed his concerns about GMO foods, he was fired and threatened with a lawsuit if he discussed his research. His 20-member research team was disbanded; the testing protocols were dropped, and a campaign was begun by pro-GM forces to discredit the study.", "Share on Facebook Tweet on Twitter. Genetically modified organisms, or GMOs, are created when a gene from one species is transferred to another, creating something that would not be found in nature. This is why: 1 The health consequences of eating genetically modified organisms are largely unknown. 2 Food items that contain GMOs are unlabeled in America. 3 Genetic engineering reduces genetic diversity. 4 Once the mutant genes are out of the bag, there is no going back. 5 GMOs are not the answer for global food security. 6 Genetically engineered foods ...", "Modifying the genetic structure of food is not a new concept. For centuries, farmers have improved our food supply by cross-breeding different types of plants or animals to come up with new organisms that would taste better, yield more, and grow in more difficult conditions. Not to mention, they also had a very small control group (fed non-GMO food) of 20 rats that also developed tumors. Despite the results of the contested study, more research needs to be done on the long-term effects of genetically modified foods on humans. Until that happens, many European countries, like Russia and the UK, have already banned certain types of GMOs for human consumption", "GMOs are bad for your body, bad for the community, bad for farmers and bad for the environment. This is why: 1 The health consequences of eating genetically modified organisms are largely unknown. 2 Genetically engineered foods have not been shown to be safe to eat and may have unpredictable consequences. This is why: 1 The health consequences of eating genetically modified organisms are largely unknown. 2 Food items that contain GMOs are unlabeled in America. 3 Genetic engineering reduces genetic diversity. 4 Once the mutant genes are out of the bag, there is no going back. 5 GMOs are not the answer for global food security. 6 Genetically engineered foods ...", "A 2013 poll in The New York Times found that three-quarters of Americans have concerns about genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in their food; most are worried about health effects. Thirty-seven percent of those with worries fear that GM foods cause cancer or allergies. The subject of the craggy debate was whether foods that contain GMOs should be labeled as such. The head of Monsanto said absolutely not. Since there was nothing unsafe about genetically modified food, there was no reason to label.", "How to Go Non-GMO. 1 Organic foods are not allowed to contain GM ingredients. 2 Even the small percentage of non-organic ingredients allowed in foods labeled organic is not allowed to contain GMOs. 3 If you are traveling to Europe, no worries, GMOs are banned in EU foods. According to Pusztai, when he expressed his concerns about GMO foods, he was fired and threatened with a lawsuit if he discussed his research. His 20-member research team was disbanded; the testing protocols were dropped, and a campaign was begun by pro-GM forces to discredit the study." ], "url": [ "http://www.doctoroz.com/blog/mehmet-oz-md/genetically-modified-foods-good-or-bad", "http://www.who.int/topics/food_genetically_modified/en/", "http://naturalrevolution.org/the-good-bad-and-ugly-about-gmos/", "http://www.organicauthority.com/foodie-buzz/eight-reasons-gmos-are-bad-for-you.html", "http://www.doctoroz.com/blog/mehmet-oz-md/genetically-modified-foods-good-or-bad", "http://www.organicauthority.com/foodie-buzz/eight-reasons-gmos-are-bad-for-you.html", "http://chronicle.com/article/Strands-of-Promise-in/141377/", "http://naturalrevolution.org/the-good-bad-and-ugly-about-gmos/" ] }

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[ "They are voracious predators that release the contents of their stomach on to the coral." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Map: Cairns 4870. More than 250,000 crown-of-thorns starfish have been removed from the Great Barrier Reef off Queensland in the past two years, Federal Environment Minister Greg Hunt says. The pest is considered to be one of the biggest threats to the reef and has traditionally been hard to destroy.", "Queensland National Parks Minister Steve Dickson says the crown of thorns starfish continues to be the biggest threat to the Great Barrier Reef. Mr Dickson is today meeting coral reef researchers on Lizard island, north-east of Cooktown off far north Queensland.", "Recent marine surveys by scientists in the Great Barrier Reef have found that an explosion in the population of the crown-of-thorns starfish has decimated parts of the region’s reefs and are now threatening part of the so-called Coral Triangle – one of the world’s richest regions of coral reef biodiversity.", "Crown-of-thorns starfish. Crown-of-thorns starfish are one of the most damaging creatures of tropical coral reefs, particularly Australia's Great Barrier Reef. They are voracious predators that release the contents of their stomach on to the coral. Digestive juices then liquify the coral ready for consumption.", "In the past 40 years, three waves of crown-of-thorns starfish outbreaks have had a major impact on the many reefs that make up the Great Barrier Reef. Crown-of-thorns starfish (also known as COTS) are marine invertebrates that feed on coral.", "Cyclic outbreaks of the crown-of-thorns starfish occur approximately every 17 years. There have been four documented outbreaks on the Great Barrier Reef since the 1960s, with the latest starting in 2010.", "The crown-of-thorns starfish (Acanthaster planci) is native to coral reefs in the Indo-Pacific region." ], "url": [ "http://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-04-22/new-method-kills-more-than-2502c000-crown-of-thorns-starfish-o/5403600", "http://www.abc.net.au/news/2013-06-14/starfish-pest-the-greatest-impact-on-great-barrier-reef/4753764", "http://www.treehugger.com/natural-sciences/killer-starfish-eating-up-great-barrier-reef.html", "http://www.bbc.co.uk/nature/life/Crown-of-thorns_starfish", "http://www.aims.gov.au/docs/research/biodiversity-ecology/threats/cots.html", "http://www.gbrmpa.gov.au/about-the-reef/animals/crown-of-thorns-starfish", "http://www.gbrmpa.gov.au/about-the-reef/animals/crown-of-thorns-starfish" ] }

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[ "Yes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "During transcription, the enzyme RNA polymerase (green) uses DNA as a template to produce a pre-mRNA transcript (pink). The pre-mRNA is processed to form a mature mRNA molecule that can be translated to build the protein molecule (polypeptide) encoded by the original gene.", "Ribosomes translate RNA into a protein with a specific amino acid sequence. The tRNA binds and brings to the ribosome the amino acid encoded by the mRNA. Ribosomes are made of rRNA and proteins. This summary of how genes are expressed shows that DNA is transcribed into RNA, which is translated in turn to protein. This chart shows the genetic code used by all organisms.", "In the simplest sense, expressing a gene means manufacturing its corresponding protein, and this multilayered process has two major steps. In the first step, the information in DNA is transferred to a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule by way of a process called transcription.", "Transcription is the process by which DNA is copied (transcribed) to mRNA, which carries the information needed for protein synthesis. Transcription takes place in two broad steps. First, pre-messenger RNA is formed, with the involvement of RNA polymerase enzymes.", "Proteins can be manufactured in large quantities because a single DNA sequence can be transcribed by many RNA polymerase molecules at once. DNA transcription is a process that involves transcribing genetic information from DNA to RNA. The transcribed DNA message, or RNA transcript, is used to produce proteins. DNA is housed within the nucleus of our cells. It controls cellular activity by coding for the production of proteins." ], "url": [ "http://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/Translation-DNA-to-mRNA-to-Protein-393", "http://moodleshare.org/mod/book/view.php?id=1687&chapterid=124", "http://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/Translation-DNA-to-mRNA-to-Protein-393", "http://www.atdbio.com/content/14/Transcription-Translation-and-Replication", "http://biology.about.com/od/cellularprocesses/ss/Dna-Transcription.htm" ] }

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[ "Seltzer is plain carbonated water." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Sparkling mineral water, carbonated water and seltzer. Basically, it's water and carbon dioxide. Sparkling mineral water is a naturally-occurring carbonation, as described above. Thomas Henry produced the first forced carbonated water using an apparatus that utilized a pump to impregnate water with fixed air. The main difference is the introduction of potassium bicarbonate and potassium sulfate, which dulls the sharp burn of effervescence. Club soda, sparkling mineral water, seltzer and carbonated water have no calories, which make them a dieters alternative for 7-UP, Mellow Yellow, Mountain Dew and tonic water. Tonic water or quinine water. Tonic water is a carbonated drink containing water, sugar, carbon dioxide and quinine. Quinine was added to the tonic water to help cure or prevent malaria. It comes from the bark of the Cinchona tree that grows in the rain forest on the eastern slopes of the Andes", "Club Soda. In looks and taste, club soda is very similar to both seltzer and mineral water. It contains many of the same compounds that naturally occur in mineral water, except in this case they're artificially added. Ingredients like potassium-bicarbonate and potassium-sulfate lend a slightly salty taste to the water. Seltzer water, mineral water, and club soda are often used interchangeably because, to most people, the flavor difference between them is almost undetectable. Still, Rhoda was right to ask: These bubbly waters are not all built the same.", "Club soda. Club soda is carbonated water that has added minerals like potassium bicarbonate and potassium citrate to enhance the flavor. It can also have added sodium, but not all club sodas contain sodium. Seltzer water. Seltzer water is also carbonated water, but it doesn’t have any additives, including sodium. You can purchase flavored seltzers, usually in a citrus flavor, but plain seltzer is simply water that is carbonated. ", "Seltzer water and club soda are very similar, but there is a notable difference between the two. Unlike seltzer, mineral-like ingredients are added to club soda to enhance the flavor. If you look on the list of ingredients, you'll likely see potassium bicarbonate and potassium sulfate listed. Unlike the other carbonated options, tonic water has a distinct flavor and it certainly can't be swapped out (or in) for carbonated water. Tonic water is a bitter drink (a result of the addition of quinine) which pairs particularly well with gin.", "Tonic Water. Just because it contains the word water in its name and is carbonated doesn't mean that tonic water is in the same category as bubbly waters. Unlike the other carbonated options, tonic water has a distinct flavor and it certainly can't be swapped out (or in) for carbonated water. Tonic water is a bitter drink (a result of the addition of quinine) which pairs particularly well with gin.", "While seltzer is plain carbonated water and nothing but, club soda usually has a few mineral-y ingredients mixed in for added flavor (see the carbonated water, potassium bicarbonate, potassium sulfate listed on the label directly above vs. the simple carbonated water pictured above that on the seltzer bottle). ", "Seltzer water is any sort of man-made carbonated water that is sold as a beverage or mixer. It is very similar to naturally occurring mineral water, except its carbonation has been introduced artificially, and most of the time it does not contain any added minerals, either. ", "The carbonation process gives water a slightly acidic pH. Seltzer or seltzer water is carbonated water to which no other ingredients have been added. It contains only water and carbon dioxide. If you have a SodaStream or other home carbonation system, and you don’t use any added flavorings, you are making seltzer. Soda water is an ambiguous term, probably because it’s been around for a long time: It is what the first commercially available artificially carbonated water was called in the late 18 th century. Today, some people use soda water synonymously with seltzer; other people use it synonymously with club soda.", "For the music venue in Montreal, see Club Soda (Montreal) . A glass of sparkling water. Carbonated water (also known as club soda, soda water, sparkling water, seltzer water, or fizzy water) is water into which carbon dioxide gas under pressure has been dissolved. Some of these have additives such as sodium (seltzer water is almost always composed of water and carbon dioxide with no other additives). This process, known as carbonation, is a process that causes the water to become effervescent. " ], "url": [ "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20060727190104AAEx514", "http://www.epicurious.com/ingredients/differences-mineral-water-tonic-club-soda-seltzer-article", "http://www.mnn.com/food/beverages/blogs/whats-the-difference-between-club-soda-seltzer-water-and-tonic-water", "http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/10/29/seltzer-vs-club-soda_n_1434891.html", "http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/10/29/seltzer-vs-club-soda_n_1434891.html", "http://www.thekitchn.com/what-is-the-best-fizzy-water-for-your-cocktail-straight-up-cocktails-and-spirits-85739", "http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-seltzer-water.htm", "http://www.slate.com/blogs/browbeat/2014/05/14/carbonated_waters_defined_what_are_seltzer_club_soda_soda_water_perrier.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonated_water" ] }

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[ "Glomerulus and Bowman's capsule.", "a glomerulus and a Bowman's capsule." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The Renal Corpuscle. Together, the glomerulus and its surrounding Bowman's capsule are called a renal corpuscle. This structure is located in the renal cortex. You should also be aware that the nephron is composed of two main parts: the renal tubule and the renal corpuscle. The glomerulus is a network of renal capillaries responsible for the filtration of blood. The glomerulus is supplied with blood by a small artery carrying unfiltered blood called the afferent arteriole.", "for Teachers for Schools for Companies. Together, the glomerulus and Bowman's capsule make up the renal corpuscle of the nephron. These parts of the nephron filter blood and are vital to our body's survival. In this lesson, you'll explore the major corpuscular structures and their functions. The glomerulus is a network of renal capillaries responsible for the filtration of blood. The glomerulus is supplied with blood by a small artery carrying unfiltered blood called the afferent arteriole.", "Together, the glomerulus and Bowman's capsule make up the renal corpuscle of the nephron. These parts of the nephron filter blood and are vital to our body's survival. The glomerulus is a network of renal capillaries responsible for the filtration of blood. The glomerulus is supplied with blood by a small artery carrying unfiltered blood called the afferent arteriole.", "The parietal layer of Bowman’s capsule is continuous with the visceral layer overlying the glomerular capillaries. Electron Micrograph of a renal corpuscle 1. Afferent arteriole 2. Efferent arteriole 3. Glomerular capillaries 4. Glomerular filtration membrane 5. Urinary space of Bowman's capsule 6. Nuclei of parietal cells of Bowman's capsule 7. Nuclei of podocytes 8.", "Together, the renal corpuscle and its associated tubule is called a nephron. In this cartoon, orange color represents renal corpuscles, blue color indicates tubules of each nephron, whose function is analogous to that of striated ducts, and lavendar color indicates collecting ducts, whose function is more passive. The renal corpuscles are the sites where the process of urine formation begins with a filtrate of blood plasma. 1 Each renal corpuscle consists of an epithelial cup called Bowman's capsule enclosing a knot of capillaries and other elements called the glomerulus.", "The glomerular filtrate passes from the renal corpuscle to the renal tubule : Only about 1% of the glomerular fitrate actually leaves the body because the rest (the other 99%) is reabsorbed into the blood while it passes through the renal tubules and ducts. The pressure of the blood inside the glomerulus is increased due to the difference in diameter of the incoming and out-going arterioles. This increased blood pressure helps to force. of the blood out of the glomerular capillaries: 1 Most of the water; 2 Most/all of the salts;", "In the kidney, a renal corpuscle is the initial blood-filtering component of a nephron. It consists of two structures: a glomerulus and a Bowman's capsule. A renal corpuscle is also known as a Malpighian corpuscle, named after Marcello Malpighi (1628–1694), an Italian physician and biologist. This name is not used widely anymore, probably to avoid confusion with a Malpighian corpuscle in the spleen.", "Glomerular Filtration. The first step in renal processing involves the filtration of plasma in the glomerulus. Glomerular filtration is a process of bulk flow: water and low molecular weight substances move from the lumen of the capillary, across the filtration membrane, and into Bowman s space.", "The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney. Each nephron consists of one renal corpuscle and its associated tubule. The kidney as a whole consists of many nephrons (millions) with their associated blood vessels. The renal corpuscles are the sites where the process of urine formation begins with a filtrate of blood plasma. 1 Each renal corpuscle consists of an epithelial cup called Bowman's capsule enclosing a knot of capillaries and other elements called the glomerulus." ], "url": [ "http://study.com/academy/lesson/the-nephron-the-glomeruluss-major-structures-and-functions.html", "http://study.com/academy/lesson/the-nephron-the-glomeruluss-major-structures-and-functions.html", "http://study.com/academy/lesson/the-nephron-the-glomeruluss-major-structures-and-functions.html", "http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/mcp/Education/300.713%20Lectures/2014/Baras_Alex_09.26.2014.pdf", "http://www.siumed.edu/~dking2/crr/rnguide.htm", "http://www.ivyroses.com/HumanBody/Urinary/Urinary_System_Kidneys_Actions.php", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_corpuscle", "http://courses.washington.edu/conj/bess/filtration/filtration.htm", "http://www.siumed.edu/~dking2/crr/rnguide.htm" ] }

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[ "It is the abbreviation used for “milliradians”. Milliradians are units of measurement that pertain to 1/1000 of a radian." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "MRAD Caliber Conversion Kits are now available in .338 Lapua Magnum, .300 Winchester Magnum, .308 Winchester, .260 Remington and 6.5 Creedmoor. The M107A1™ is one-of-a-kind rifle that allows you to combine signature reduction capabilities with the flawless reliability of the original Barrett M107®.", "This is a discussion on 0.1 mrad within the Optics forums, part of the Gun Forum category; not sure the difference in 0.1 MRAD turret adjustments versus .25 MOA clicks, etc. Seems wih 0.1 it would take a whole lotta clicks to ...", "Okay, so I have read a few posts on here about MRAD. However, it is not COMPLETELY clear to me yet. Further, there is very little on the internet to read about it, in order to fully understand it.", "Sam, a mil (or mRad) is 1/1000th of the distance. So whatever units you are using, whether meters, yards, fathoms, light years, etc. that is always the case. At 100 yards, a mil is .10 yards (3.6) and at 100 meters, 10 cm.", "The MRAD’s lower uses a double-stacked detachable magazine. To fit it with an ambidextrous magazine release, Barrett followed the Ruskies, deploying the same magazine catch design found on the AK series rifles. Unlike the AK series, the MRAD’s magazine release is very small and not well-positioned.", "MRAD is the abbreviation used for “milliradians”. Milliradians are units of measurement that pertain to 1/1000 of a radian. The radian is a measure of angular distance or the ratio involving one length of the radius and a similar length of the circle arc. The angle produced with these two items provides the radian. When this particular angle is divided into 1000 mini components then each unit may be labelled as one (1) MRAD or one (1) milliradian. The concept of measuring angles using units such as radians or “mrads” is attributed to a man named Roger Cotes.", "0.1 mrad. This is a discussion on 0.1 mrad within the Optics forums, part of the Gun Forum category; not sure the difference in 0.1 MRAD turret adjustments versus .25 MOA clicks, etc. Seems wih 0.1 it would take a whole lotta clicks to ..." ], "url": [ "https://barrett.net/", "http://m14forum.com/optics/94521-0-1-mrad.html", "http://www.opticstalk.com/understanding-mrad_topic22732.html", "http://www.opticstalk.com/understanding-mrad_topic22732.html", "http://www.thetruthaboutguns.com/2011/06/foghorn/gun-review-barrett-mrad/", "http://www.qwhatis.com/what-is-mrad/", "http://m14forum.com/optics/94521-0-1-mrad.html" ] }

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[ "Forearm muscles" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "The bone of the arm (humerus) meets both the ulna (the inner bone of the forearm) and radius (the outer bone of the forearm) to form a hinge joint at the elbow. The radius and ulna also meet one another in the elbow to permit a small amount of rotation of the forearm.", "An inside look at the structure of the elbow. #. Advertisement. Advertisement. The elbow is where the two bones of the forearm – the radius on the thumb side of the arm and the ulna on the pinky finger side – meet the bone of the upper arm -- the humerus. The lower end of the humerus flares out into two rounded protrusions called epicondyles, where muscles attach.", "The elbow is a synovial hinge joint located between the upper arm and forearm. It is formed by the meeting of three bones: the humerus in the upper arm and the ulna and radius in the lower arm.", "Definition. Golfer's elbow is a condition that causes pain where the tendons of your forearm muscles attach to the bony bump on the inside of your elbow. The pain might spread into your forearm and wrist. Golfer's elbow is similar to tennis elbow, which occurs on the outside of the elbow. It's not limited to golfers." ], "url": [ "http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=3204", "http://www.arthritis.org/about-arthritis/where-it-hurts/elbow-pain/elbow-anatomy.php", "http://www.innerbody.com/image/musc07.html", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/golfers-elbow/basics/definition/CON-20027964" ] }

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