rajendrabaskota/hc3-wiki-perplexity-stride-32-maxlen-256

prompt stringlengths 15 480	text stringlengths 41 15.5k	source stringclasses 6 values	label int64 0 1	input_ids sequence	attention_mask sequence	perplexity_score float64 1.26 21.1k
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Socialist Democracy (Brazil)' Socialist Democracy (, DS) is a far-left	Socialist Democracy (, DS) is a far-left Trotskyist group in Brazil. Formed in 1979, DS was affiliated to the United Secretariat of the Fourth International. DS was one of the first groups to affiliate with the Workers' Party (PT) when the PT formed in 1980. The activists in Socialist Democracy hoped to transform the PT into a revolutionary socialist party. As the PT grew, DS grew to become one of the largest Trotskyist organizations in the world. DS has been most prominent in the municipal government of Porto Alegre, where DS member Raul Pont was vice-mayor from 1992 to 1996 and mayor from 1996 to 2000, and the state government of Rio Grande do Sul. DS members played a significant role in the elaboration of the Participatory Budget (though they had initially opposed its introduction) and also in the arrangements for the three World Social Forums held in Porto Alegre.	wiki-intro	0	[ 20636, 396, 20265, 357, 11, 17400, 8, 318, 257, 1290, 12, 9464, 32706, 396, 1448, 287, 7595, 13, 5178, 276, 287, 13521, 11, 17400, 373, 18552, 284, 262, 1578, 3943, 21621, 286, 262, 15692, 4037, 13, 17400, 373, 530, 286, 262, 717, 2628, 284, 17375, 351, 262, 16847, 6, 3615, 357, 11571, 8, 618, 262, 19310, 7042, 287, 7169, 13, 383, 7941, 287, 21773, 20265, 10719, 284, 6121, 262, 19310, 656, 257, 12253, 15889, 2151, 13, 1081, 262, 19310, 6348, 11, 17400, 6348, 284, 1716, 530, 286, 262, 4387, 32706, 396, 5745, 287, 262, 995, 13, 17400, 468, 587, 749, 9208, 287, 262, 13474, 1230, 286, 4347, 78, 317, 1455, 260, 11, 810, 17400, 2888, 371, 2518, 26345, 373, 7927, 12, 11261, 273, 422, 9768, 284, 8235, 290, 9591, 422, 8235, 284, 4751, 11, 290, 262, 1181, 1230, 286, 15338, 29073, 466, 29357, 13, 17400, 1866, 2826, 257, 2383, 2597, 287, 262, 12628, 341, 286, 262, 13928, 2870, 15401, 357, 2016, 484, 550, 7317, 6886, 663, 9793, 8, 290, 635, 287, 262, 14752, 329, 262, 1115, 2159, 5483, 38592, 2714, 287, 4347, 78, 317, 1455, 260, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	10.815623
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'George Michael (professor)' George Joseph Michael (born January 30, 1961)	George Joseph Michael (born January 30, 1961) is an English singer, songwriter and record producer. He achieved international success with the pop music duo Wham! in the 1980s and early 1990s, before embarking on a successful solo career. His 1987 debut album Faith featured the UK number-one single "Faith", which remains his best-selling single. Michael's subsequent studio albums include Listen Without Prejudice (1989), ballads such as "I Want Your Sex" (1991) and "Careless Whisper" (1992), and the dance-pop hits "Faith" (1987) and "Freedom" (1990). In 1998, he released the album Patience. After a six-year hiatus, he returned with the release of Symphonica in 2010. Born in East Finchley, London, Michael began his musical career as a member of the pop duo Wham!. The group achieved international success with their first two albums, Make It Big (1984) and Wham! (1986), selling over 20 million records between them. Their first two singles, "Wake Me Up Before You Go-Go" and "Club Tropicana", became number-one hits in the UK and worldwide. Following Wham!'s split in April 1989, Michael embarked on a successful solo career, releasing his debut album Faith in 1987 to critical acclaim. The album contained the UK number-one single "Faith", which remained Michael's best-selling single. He followed it with Listen Without Prejudice (	wiki-intro	1	[ 20191, 7212, 3899, 357, 6286, 3269, 1542, 11, 20510, 8, 318, 281, 3594, 14015, 11, 3496, 16002, 290, 1700, 9920, 13, 679, 8793, 3230, 1943, 351, 262, 1461, 2647, 18545, 854, 321, 0, 287, 262, 7169, 82, 290, 1903, 6303, 82, 11, 878, 21030, 278, 319, 257, 4388, 12199, 3451, 13, 2399, 12923, 8886, 5062, 16463, 8096, 262, 3482, 1271, 12, 505, 2060, 366, 45536, 1600, 543, 3793, 465, 1266, 12, 16473, 2060, 13, 3899, 338, 8840, 8034, 16788, 2291, 20600, 9170, 3771, 10456, 501, 357, 25475, 828, 2613, 5643, 884, 355, 366, 40, 16168, 3406, 14419, 1, 357, 24529, 8, 290, 366, 17784, 1203, 28424, 525, 1, 357, 23847, 828, 290, 262, 9280, 12, 12924, 7127, 366, 45536, 1, 357, 27301, 8, 290, 366, 38885, 1, 357, 19891, 737, 554, 7795, 11, 339, 2716, 262, 5062, 3208, 1240, 13, 2293, 257, 2237, 12, 1941, 37009, 11, 339, 4504, 351, 262, 2650, 286, 15845, 746, 32752, 287, 3050, 13, 198, 198, 28524, 287, 3687, 45277, 1636, 11, 3576, 11, 3899, 2540, 465, 10530, 3451, 355, 257, 2888, 286, 262, 1461, 18545, 854, 321, 43179, 383, 1448, 8793, 3230, 1943, 351, 511, 717, 734, 16788, 11, 6889, 632, 4403, 357, 28296, 8, 290, 854, 321, 0, 357, 28054, 828, 6301, 625, 1160, 1510, 4406, 1022, 606, 13, 5334, 717, 734, 25287, 11, 366, 54, 539, 2185, 3205, 7413, 921, 1514, 12, 5247, 1, 290, 366, 42350, 25491, 291, 2271, 1600, 2627, 1271, 12, 505, 7127, 287, 262, 3482, 290, 8688, 13, 14207, 854, 321, 13679, 82, 6626, 287, 3035, 11104, 11, 3899, 36385, 319, 257, 4388, 12199, 3451, 11, 13011, 465, 8886, 5062, 16463, 287, 12923, 284, 4688, 21684, 13, 383, 5062, 7763, 262, 3482, 1271, 12, 505, 2060, 366, 45536, 1600, 543, 6150, 3899, 338, 1266, 12, 16473, 2060, 13, 679, 3940, 340, 351, 20600, 9170, 3771, 10456, 501, 357 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	7.245146
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Road to Indy' The Road to Indy Presented by Cooper	The Road to Indy Presented by Cooper Tires is an open-wheel racing series that runs in the United States and Canada. The series is sanctioned by IndyCar and is made up of races that are part of the IndyCar Series and the Cooper Tires USF2000 Championship. The Road to Indy is open to drivers who are not signed to a full-time IndyCar team. The Road to Indy began in 2008 as a way for drivers who were not signed by a full-time IndyCar team to compete in races around North America. In its inaugural year, the series consisted of eight races. The following year, the series increased to ten races, and has since grown to include thirty events. In 2017, the series was renamed the Road to Indy Presented by Cooper Tires in order to better reflect its focus on junior drivers. The Road to Indy is divided into three stages: the Pre-season Program, the Cooper Tires USF2000 Championship, and the IndyCar Series. The Pre-season Program consists of four rounds of races that are open to all drivers, including those who are not signed by a full-time IndyCar team. The Cooper Tires USF2000 Championship is a series of ten races that features drivers who are not signed by a full-time IndyCar team. The Indianapolis 500 is the only race in the IndyCar Series that is open to drivers who are not signed by a full-time IndyCar team.	wiki-intro	1	[ 464, 5567, 284, 26023, 1763, 4714, 416, 10382, 309, 2387, 318, 281, 1280, 12, 22001, 11717, 2168, 326, 4539, 287, 262, 1578, 1829, 290, 3340, 13, 383, 2168, 318, 30572, 416, 26023, 9914, 290, 318, 925, 510, 286, 9558, 326, 389, 636, 286, 262, 26023, 9914, 7171, 290, 262, 10382, 309, 2387, 1294, 37, 11024, 10749, 13, 383, 5567, 284, 26023, 318, 1280, 284, 6643, 508, 389, 407, 4488, 284, 257, 1336, 12, 2435, 26023, 9914, 1074, 13, 198, 198, 464, 5567, 284, 26023, 2540, 287, 3648, 355, 257, 835, 329, 6643, 508, 547, 407, 4488, 416, 257, 1336, 12, 2435, 26023, 9914, 1074, 284, 9320, 287, 9558, 1088, 2258, 2253, 13, 554, 663, 26851, 614, 11, 262, 2168, 19954, 286, 3624, 9558, 13, 383, 1708, 614, 11, 262, 2168, 3220, 284, 3478, 9558, 11, 290, 468, 1201, 7334, 284, 2291, 12277, 2995, 13, 554, 2177, 11, 262, 2168, 373, 25121, 262, 5567, 284, 26023, 1763, 4714, 416, 10382, 309, 2387, 287, 1502, 284, 1365, 4079, 663, 2962, 319, 13430, 6643, 13, 198, 198, 464, 5567, 284, 26023, 318, 9086, 656, 1115, 9539, 25, 262, 3771, 12, 6230, 6118, 11, 262, 10382, 309, 2387, 1294, 37, 11024, 10749, 11, 290, 262, 26023, 9914, 7171, 13, 383, 3771, 12, 6230, 6118, 10874, 286, 1440, 9196, 286, 9558, 326, 389, 1280, 284, 477, 6643, 11, 1390, 883, 508, 389, 407, 4488, 416, 257, 1336, 12, 2435, 26023, 9914, 1074, 13, 383, 10382, 309, 2387, 1294, 37, 11024, 10749, 318, 257, 2168, 286, 3478, 9558, 326, 3033, 6643, 508, 389, 407, 4488, 416, 257, 1336, 12, 2435, 26023, 9914, 1074, 13, 383, 19362, 5323, 318, 262, 691, 3234, 287, 262, 26023, 9914, 7171, 326, 318, 1280, 284, 6643, 508, 389, 407, 4488, 416, 257, 1336, 12, 2435, 26023, 9914, 1074, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	3.342667
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'George Bird Grinnell' George Bird Grinnell (September 20, 1849 –	George Bird Grinnell (September 20, 1849 – April 11, 1938) was an American anthropologist, historian, naturalist, and writer. Grinnell was born in Brooklyn, New York, and graduated from Yale University with a B.A. in 1870 and a Ph.D. in 1880. Originally specializing in zoology, he became a prominent early conservationist and student of Native American life. Grinnell has been recognized for his influence on public opinion and work on legislation to preserve the American bison. Mount Grinnell in Glacier National Park in Montana is named after Grinnell. Exploration and conservation Grinnell had extensive contact with the terrain, animals and Native Americans of the northern plains, starting with being part of the last great hunt of the Pawnee in 1872. He spent many years studying the natural history of the region. As a graduate student, he accompanied Lieutenant Colonel George Armstrong Custer’s 1874 Black Hills expedition as a naturalist. He declined a similar appointment to the ill-fated 1876 Little Big Horn expedition.	wiki-intro	0	[ 20191, 14506, 1902, 3732, 695, 357, 17543, 1160, 11, 1248, 2920, 784, 3035, 1367, 11, 28017, 8, 373, 281, 1605, 17911, 7451, 11, 18026, 11, 3288, 396, 11, 290, 6260, 13, 220, 1902, 3732, 695, 373, 4642, 287, 12232, 11, 968, 1971, 11, 290, 18303, 422, 19681, 2059, 351, 257, 347, 13, 32, 13, 287, 37667, 290, 257, 1380, 13, 35, 13, 287, 34865, 13, 220, 19486, 40847, 287, 40565, 1435, 11, 339, 2627, 257, 9208, 1903, 14903, 396, 290, 3710, 286, 12547, 1605, 1204, 13, 220, 1902, 3732, 695, 468, 587, 8018, 329, 465, 4588, 319, 1171, 4459, 290, 670, 319, 5520, 284, 12201, 262, 1605, 275, 1653, 13, 5628, 1902, 3732, 695, 287, 49120, 2351, 3250, 287, 18311, 318, 3706, 706, 1902, 3732, 695, 13, 36806, 290, 14903, 198, 8642, 3732, 695, 550, 7667, 2800, 351, 262, 15510, 11, 4695, 290, 12547, 3399, 286, 262, 7840, 36149, 11, 3599, 351, 852, 636, 286, 262, 938, 1049, 12601, 286, 262, 350, 3832, 1453, 287, 1248, 4761, 13, 220, 679, 3377, 867, 812, 11065, 262, 3288, 2106, 286, 262, 3814, 13, 220, 1081, 257, 10428, 3710, 11, 339, 11791, 21586, 21636, 4502, 21166, 327, 5819, 447, 247, 82, 1248, 4524, 2619, 14379, 22817, 355, 257, 3288, 396, 13, 679, 7392, 257, 2092, 12557, 284, 262, 2801, 12, 69, 515, 1248, 4304, 7703, 4403, 13549, 22817, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	10.96063
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Edward Henry Kraus' Edward Henry Kraus (1875–1973) was a Professor	Edward Henry Kraus (1875–1973) was a Professor of English at the University of Wisconsin–Madison from 1922 to 1956. He is best known for his work in historical linguistics. Kraus was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, on October 4, 1875. After receiving his bachelor's degree from the University of Wisconsin–Madison in 1896, he taught high school for a year before beginning his studies at the University of Berlin. He received his doctorate from the University of Berlin in 1903. Kraus returned to the United States in 1904 and began teaching English at what was then known as the Wisconsin State Normal School (now the University of Wisconsin–Madison). He held this position until 1922, when he was appointed Professor of English. Kraus served as chair of the English department from 1937 to 1956. Kraus's research focused on historical linguistics, a field he created in 1917. He is best known for his work on Germanic languages, which he documented extensively in his book Germanic Syntax (1925). Kraus retired from the University of Wisconsin–Madison in 1956, but continued to teach until his death on March 6, 1973.	wiki-intro	1	[ 43982, 8616, 21553, 385, 357, 1507, 2425, 1906, 40220, 8, 373, 257, 8129, 286, 3594, 379, 262, 2059, 286, 9279, 1906, 46845, 422, 36094, 284, 25190, 13, 679, 318, 1266, 1900, 329, 465, 670, 287, 6754, 20280, 3969, 13, 198, 198, 42, 430, 385, 373, 4642, 287, 16629, 11, 9279, 11, 319, 3267, 604, 11, 1248, 2425, 13, 2293, 6464, 465, 29384, 338, 4922, 422, 262, 2059, 286, 9279, 1906, 46845, 287, 46723, 11, 339, 7817, 1029, 1524, 329, 257, 614, 878, 3726, 465, 3640, 379, 262, 2059, 286, 11307, 13, 679, 2722, 465, 6253, 378, 422, 262, 2059, 286, 11307, 287, 41625, 13, 198, 198, 42, 430, 385, 4504, 284, 262, 1578, 1829, 287, 43785, 290, 2540, 7743, 3594, 379, 644, 373, 788, 1900, 355, 262, 9279, 1812, 14435, 3961, 357, 2197, 262, 2059, 286, 9279, 1906, 46845, 737, 679, 2714, 428, 2292, 1566, 36094, 11, 618, 339, 373, 9899, 8129, 286, 3594, 13, 21553, 385, 4983, 355, 5118, 286, 262, 3594, 5011, 422, 28684, 284, 25190, 13, 198, 198, 42, 430, 385, 338, 2267, 5670, 319, 6754, 20280, 3969, 11, 257, 2214, 339, 2727, 287, 24168, 13, 679, 318, 1266, 1900, 329, 465, 670, 319, 2679, 291, 8950, 11, 543, 339, 12395, 20823, 287, 465, 1492, 2679, 291, 26375, 897, 357, 1129, 1495, 737, 21553, 385, 9880, 422, 262, 2059, 286, 9279, 1906, 46845, 287, 25190, 11, 475, 3767, 284, 4545, 1566, 465, 1918, 319, 2805, 718, 11, 15674, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	5.215278
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Kenneth Van Goethem' Kenneth Van Goethem (born 13 February 1984,	Kenneth Van Goethem (born 13 February 1984, in Sint-Niklaas) is a Belgian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Belgian club K.V. Oostende. Van Goethem began his career with K.V. Oostende, making his debut in the 2001–02 season. He played in 243 official matches for the club over a six-year period, scoring 30 goals. In 2007, Van Goethem moved to Club Brugge, where he played until 2009. He then signed with Anderlecht, where he played until 2013. In total, Van Goethem made 229 appearances and scored 46 goals in the Belgian Pro League. In December 2013, Van Goethem signed with Serie A club Palermo, for a fee of €4 million. He made his debut for the club on 10 January 2014 in a 2–1 away win over Catania. He scored his first goal for Palermo on 17 January 2014, netting the game's only goal in a 1–0 home victory over Parma. In June 2014, Van Goethem was loaned to Greek side Olympiacos for the 2014–15 season. On 21 July 2015, he joined Turkish side Fenerbahçe on a season-long loan deal. On 21 January 2016, he moved to fellow Turkish side Galatasaray on a free transfer. On 1 July 2017, Van Goethem signed with KV Oostende.	wiki-intro	1	[ 39324, 2788, 6656, 1514, 316, 4411, 357, 6286, 1511, 3945, 12844, 11, 287, 311, 600, 12, 40979, 5031, 292, 8, 318, 257, 21402, 4708, 44185, 508, 5341, 355, 257, 18707, 329, 21402, 3430, 509, 13, 53, 13, 440, 455, 38396, 13, 198, 198, 25298, 1514, 316, 4411, 2540, 465, 3451, 351, 509, 13, 53, 13, 440, 455, 38396, 11, 1642, 465, 8886, 287, 262, 5878, 1906, 2999, 1622, 13, 679, 2826, 287, 35989, 1743, 7466, 329, 262, 3430, 625, 257, 2237, 12, 1941, 2278, 11, 9689, 1542, 4661, 13, 554, 4343, 11, 6656, 1514, 316, 4411, 3888, 284, 6289, 347, 2143, 469, 11, 810, 339, 2826, 1566, 3717, 13, 679, 788, 4488, 351, 317, 681, 293, 21474, 11, 810, 339, 2826, 1566, 2211, 13, 554, 2472, 11, 6656, 1514, 316, 4411, 925, 31064, 11057, 290, 7781, 6337, 4661, 287, 262, 21402, 1041, 4041, 13, 198, 198, 818, 3426, 2211, 11, 6656, 1514, 316, 4411, 4488, 351, 41530, 317, 3430, 3175, 263, 5908, 11, 329, 257, 6838, 286, 10432, 19, 1510, 13, 679, 925, 465, 8886, 329, 262, 3430, 319, 838, 3269, 1946, 287, 257, 362, 1906, 16, 1497, 1592, 625, 5181, 5411, 13, 679, 7781, 465, 717, 3061, 329, 3175, 263, 5908, 319, 1596, 3269, 1946, 11, 2010, 889, 262, 983, 338, 691, 3061, 287, 257, 352, 1906, 15, 1363, 5373, 625, 350, 10961, 13, 554, 2795, 1946, 11, 6656, 1514, 316, 4411, 373, 8063, 276, 284, 8312, 1735, 7001, 9607, 418, 329, 262, 1946, 1906, 1314, 1622, 13, 1550, 2310, 2901, 1853, 11, 339, 5399, 9663, 1735, 376, 877, 47041, 16175, 68, 319, 257, 1622, 12, 6511, 8063, 1730, 13, 1550, 2310, 3269, 1584, 11, 339, 3888, 284, 5891, 9663, 1735, 5027, 265, 42391, 323, 319, 257, 1479, 4351, 13, 198, 198, 2202, 352, 2901, 2177, 11, 6656, 1514, 316, 4411, 4488, 351, 509, 53, 440, 455, 38396, 13, 628 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	4.453087
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Dinesh Kumar Mani' Dinesh Kumar Mani (born January 10, 1953)	Dinesh Kumar Mani (born January 10, 1953) is a philanthropist and medical researcher and practitioner in the field of alternative medicine, known for his contributions in the treatment of cancer. He and Sant Prasad founded the first bonded laboratory in Bihar to do research in alternative medicines. He is also the founder and director of the Rural Health Organization, which works to improve health conditions of people living in the countryside and organizes camps for free treatment of patients. He is the author of many books on cancer and healthy lifestyles. He was one of the medical advisers to V. P. Singh during the year 1994, while the former Prime Minister was suffering from blood cancer. Early life He was born in Arrah district of Bihar. His father, the late Dr. Sant Prasad, was a renowned philanthropist, educationist and medical practitioner. His father fought with the India’s freedom movement with Dr. Rajendra Prasad and Pandit Jawahar Lal Nehru. His father was the first person from Bihar to travel to the United States and other countries to train, learning about rural and social welfare programmes.	wiki-intro	0	[ 35, 1127, 71, 26105, 1869, 72, 357, 6286, 3269, 838, 11, 24217, 8, 318, 257, 28150, 396, 290, 3315, 13453, 290, 32110, 287, 262, 2214, 286, 5559, 9007, 11, 1900, 329, 465, 9284, 287, 262, 3513, 286, 4890, 13, 679, 290, 10844, 1736, 292, 324, 9393, 262, 717, 40270, 14010, 287, 45301, 284, 466, 2267, 287, 5559, 23533, 13, 220, 679, 318, 635, 262, 9119, 290, 3437, 286, 262, 36486, 3893, 12275, 11, 543, 2499, 284, 2987, 1535, 3403, 286, 661, 2877, 287, 262, 25708, 290, 1618, 4340, 11665, 329, 1479, 3513, 286, 3871, 13, 220, 679, 318, 262, 1772, 286, 867, 3835, 319, 4890, 290, 5448, 43644, 13, 679, 373, 530, 286, 262, 3315, 20409, 284, 569, 13, 350, 13, 14403, 1141, 262, 614, 9162, 11, 981, 262, 1966, 5537, 4139, 373, 7195, 422, 2910, 4890, 13, 12556, 1204, 198, 1544, 373, 4642, 287, 943, 11392, 4783, 286, 45301, 13, 2399, 2988, 11, 262, 2739, 1583, 13, 10844, 1736, 292, 324, 11, 373, 257, 22140, 28150, 396, 11, 3707, 396, 290, 3315, 32110, 13, 2399, 2988, 8350, 351, 262, 3794, 447, 247, 82, 4925, 3356, 351, 1583, 13, 13308, 48286, 1736, 292, 324, 290, 16492, 270, 40863, 37325, 36683, 44470, 622, 13, 2399, 2988, 373, 262, 717, 1048, 422, 45301, 284, 3067, 284, 262, 1578, 1829, 290, 584, 2678, 284, 4512, 11, 4673, 546, 10016, 290, 1919, 9490, 23698, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	18.082378
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Anti-Normanism' Normanism (also known as Normanist theory, Norman	Normanism (also known as Normanist theory, Norman theory) is a name (more often used by its opponents than its proponents) for a historiographical theory about the origin of Russia, Ukraine, Belarus and their historic predecessor, Kievan Rus'. The theory holds that Kievan Rus' was founded by Norse settlers, predominantly from Sweden, rather than by Slavs. In one form or another, this has become the mainstream narrative of the Viking Age in Eastern Europe and the consensus position of most professional historians. Anti-Normanism is a movement of historical revisionism in opposition to the Normanist theory, and is current particularly among some Russian and Ukrainian historians. At the centre of the disagreement is the Rus' people, a people generally considered to be of Scandinavian origin and who arrived in Eastern Europe in the 8th and 9th centuries, but who during the 10th and 11th centuries merged with Fenno-Ugrics, Balts and East Slavs, and together with them formed Kievan Rus' with Old East Slavic as a common language, and with the name Rus''' as a common marker of identity.	wiki-intro	0	[ 45, 26183, 1042, 357, 14508, 1900, 355, 19636, 396, 4583, 11, 19636, 4583, 8, 318, 257, 1438, 357, 3549, 1690, 973, 416, 663, 7691, 621, 663, 27642, 8, 329, 257, 3752, 72, 17046, 4583, 546, 262, 8159, 286, 3284, 11, 7049, 11, 33368, 290, 511, 9566, 18476, 11, 509, 494, 10438, 9223, 4458, 383, 4583, 6622, 326, 509, 494, 10438, 9223, 6, 373, 9393, 416, 38419, 25371, 11, 20736, 422, 10710, 11, 2138, 621, 416, 34314, 82, 13, 554, 530, 1296, 393, 1194, 11, 428, 468, 1716, 262, 8661, 8689, 286, 262, 27921, 7129, 287, 8345, 2031, 290, 262, 11529, 2292, 286, 749, 4708, 21262, 13, 12297, 12, 45, 26183, 1042, 318, 257, 3356, 286, 6754, 18440, 1042, 287, 5471, 284, 262, 19636, 396, 4583, 11, 290, 318, 1459, 3573, 1871, 617, 3394, 290, 13053, 21262, 13, 1629, 262, 7372, 286, 262, 25800, 318, 262, 9223, 6, 661, 11, 257, 661, 4143, 3177, 284, 307, 286, 42238, 8159, 290, 508, 5284, 287, 8345, 2031, 287, 262, 807, 400, 290, 860, 400, 10675, 11, 475, 508, 1141, 262, 838, 400, 290, 1367, 400, 10675, 23791, 351, 376, 1697, 78, 12, 52, 2164, 873, 11, 8528, 912, 290, 3687, 34314, 82, 11, 290, 1978, 351, 606, 7042, 509, 494, 10438, 9223, 6, 351, 5706, 3687, 34314, 291, 355, 257, 2219, 3303, 11, 290, 351, 262, 1438, 9223, 7061, 6, 355, 257, 2219, 18364, 286, 5369, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	16.235279
How do developed nations change their voting systems, short of revolution? I've been learning about the STV (Single Transferable Vote), and I can't understand how the current system in the USA could possibly be preferable to this: URL_ 0 Please explain like I' m five.	Developed nations often change their voting systems through a process called electoral reform. This can involve changes to the way elections are conducted, such as switching to a different voting system like the Single Transferable Vote (STV). In the United States, electoral reform is typically initiated by lawmakers at the state or federal level. If a bill proposing a change to the voting system is passed by the legislature and signed into law by the executive, the new system will be implemented in future elections.The process of changing a voting system can be difficult, as it often requires the support of a majority of lawmakers and can be controversial. Some people may oppose electoral reform because they believe that the current system works well, or because they are concerned about the potential impact on their political party.The Single Transferable Vote (STV) is a voting system that is used in some elections, including some elections in the United States. In STV, voters rank candidates in order of preference. If a candidate receives a majority of the first preference votes, they are elected. If no candidate receives a majority, the candidate with the fewest votes is eliminated, and their votes are transferred to the next preferred candidate on the voter's ballot. This process continues until a candidate receives a majority of the votes. STV is designed to ensure that the winner of an election represents the majority of voters and to allow voters to express their preferences more accurately. Some people believe that STV is a more fair and democratic voting system than the current system used in the United States, which is called the "first past the post" system. In the first past the post system, the candidate who receives the most votes wins, regardless of whether they have a majority of the votes.	hc3-reddit_eli5	1	[ 19246, 276, 7027, 1690, 1487, 511, 6709, 3341, 832, 257, 1429, 1444, 13901, 4975, 13, 770, 460, 6211, 2458, 284, 262, 835, 7024, 389, 5952, 11, 884, 355, 15430, 284, 257, 1180, 6709, 1080, 588, 262, 14206, 20558, 540, 19175, 357, 2257, 53, 737, 554, 262, 1578, 1829, 11, 13901, 4975, 318, 6032, 16862, 416, 10191, 379, 262, 1181, 393, 2717, 1241, 13, 1002, 257, 2855, 24634, 257, 1487, 284, 262, 6709, 1080, 318, 3804, 416, 262, 15928, 290, 4488, 656, 1099, 416, 262, 4640, 11, 262, 649, 1080, 481, 307, 9177, 287, 2003, 7024, 13, 464, 1429, 286, 5609, 257, 6709, 1080, 460, 307, 2408, 11, 355, 340, 1690, 4433, 262, 1104, 286, 257, 3741, 286, 10191, 290, 460, 307, 8381, 13, 2773, 661, 743, 12856, 13901, 4975, 780, 484, 1975, 326, 262, 1459, 1080, 2499, 880, 11, 393, 780, 484, 389, 5213, 546, 262, 2785, 2928, 319, 511, 1964, 2151, 13, 464, 14206, 20558, 540, 19175, 357, 2257, 53, 8, 318, 257, 6709, 1080, 326, 318, 973, 287, 617, 7024, 11, 1390, 617, 7024, 287, 262, 1578, 1829, 13, 554, 3563, 53, 11, 4446, 4279, 5871, 287, 1502, 286, 12741, 13, 1002, 257, 4540, 11583, 257, 3741, 286, 262, 717, 12741, 5690, 11, 484, 389, 7018, 13, 1002, 645, 4540, 11583, 257, 3741, 11, 262, 4540, 351, 262, 1178, 395, 5690, 318, 15254, 11, 290, 511, 5690, 389, 11172, 284, 262, 1306, 9871, 4540, 319, 262, 10765, 338, 11100, 13, 770, 1429, 4477, 1566, 257, 4540, 11583, 257, 3741, 286, 262, 5690, 13, 3563, 53, 318, 3562, 284, 4155, 326, 262, 8464, 286, 281, 3071, 6870, 262, 3741, 286, 4446, 290, 284, 1249, 4446, 284, 4911, 511, 15387, 517, 14351, 13, 2773, 661, 1975, 326, 3563, 53, 318, 257, 517, 3148, 290, 10518, 6709, 1080, 621, 262, 1459, 1080, 973, 287, 262, 1578, 1829, 11, 543, 318, 1444, 262, 366, 11085, 1613, 262, 1281, 1, 1080, 13, 554, 262, 717, 1613, 262, 1281, 1080, 11, 262, 4540, 508, 11583, 262, 749, 5690, 7864, 11, 7692, 286, 1771, 484, 423, 257, 3741, 286, 262, 5690, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	3.967226
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Keymaker' Keymaker is a fictional character, portrayed by	Keymaker is a fictional character, portrayed by Korean-American actor Randall Duk Kim, in the 2003 film The Matrix Reloaded. He is a computer program that can create shortcut commands, physically represented as keys, which can be used by other programs to gain quick access to various areas within the simulated reality of the Matrix. He appears as an elderly, bespectacled Korean man dressed in a button-down shirt, smock, and an apron hung with bunches of keys. Backstory and role The Keymaker is an "Exile", a program whose usefulness has come to an end and that has chosen to hide in the Matrix rather than be deleted. The Oracle tells Neo that he will need the Keymaker's help in order to reach the Source, the machine mainframe; however, he is being held captive by a dangerous Exile known as the Merovingian. Neo, Morpheus, and Trinity are rebuffed when they demand that the Merovingian release the Keymaker, but his wife Persephone betrays him and takes them to where the Keymaker is being held: a small room in which he toils over a key-cutting machine. Thousands of previously made keys hang in bunches on the walls.	wiki-intro	0	[ 9218, 10297, 318, 257, 19812, 2095, 11, 19152, 416, 6983, 12, 7437, 8674, 29799, 360, 2724, 6502, 11, 287, 262, 5816, 2646, 383, 24936, 33114, 13, 679, 318, 257, 3644, 1430, 326, 460, 2251, 29401, 9729, 11, 10170, 7997, 355, 8251, 11, 543, 460, 307, 973, 416, 584, 4056, 284, 4461, 2068, 1895, 284, 2972, 3006, 1626, 262, 28590, 3950, 286, 262, 24936, 13, 679, 3568, 355, 281, 13830, 11, 7284, 806, 330, 992, 6983, 582, 12049, 287, 257, 4936, 12, 2902, 10147, 11, 895, 735, 11, 290, 281, 257, 31186, 9174, 351, 28773, 2052, 286, 8251, 13, 5157, 13571, 290, 2597, 198, 464, 7383, 10297, 318, 281, 366, 3109, 576, 1600, 257, 1430, 3025, 37496, 468, 1282, 284, 281, 886, 290, 326, 468, 7147, 284, 7808, 287, 262, 24936, 2138, 621, 307, 13140, 13, 383, 18650, 4952, 21227, 326, 339, 481, 761, 262, 7383, 10297, 338, 1037, 287, 1502, 284, 3151, 262, 8090, 11, 262, 4572, 1388, 14535, 26, 2158, 11, 339, 318, 852, 2714, 25798, 416, 257, 4923, 37273, 1900, 355, 262, 4638, 5165, 666, 13, 21227, 11, 3461, 46421, 11, 290, 22844, 389, 3405, 18339, 618, 484, 3512, 326, 262, 4638, 5165, 666, 2650, 262, 7383, 10297, 11, 475, 465, 3656, 31544, 4862, 731, 20477, 683, 290, 2753, 606, 284, 810, 262, 7383, 10297, 318, 852, 2714, 25, 257, 1402, 2119, 287, 543, 339, 284, 4487, 625, 257, 1994, 12, 29753, 4572, 13, 30405, 286, 4271, 925, 8251, 8181, 287, 28773, 2052, 319, 262, 7714, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	18.062586
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Joanna Hogg' Joanna Hogg (born 20 March 1960) is	Joanna Hogg (born 20 March 1960) is a British film director and screenwriter. She made her directorial and screenwriting feature film debut in 2007 with Unrelated. Two of her films, The Souvenir (2019) and The Souvenir Part II (2021), topped the Sight & Sound annual poll for best film in their respective years, receiving nominations at the British Independent Film Awards, the Independent Spirit Awards and at the Berlin International Film Festival. Early TV work After leaving school in the late 1970s, Hogg worked as a photographer and began to make experimental super-8 films after borrowing a camera from Derek Jarman, who became an early mentor after a chance meeting in Patisserie Valerie in Soho. One of these, a film about a kinetic sculpture by artist Ron Haselden, won her a place to study direction at the National Film and Television School. In 1986, her graduation piece called Caprice starred Tilda Swinton. On graduation, Hogg directed several music videos for artists such as Alison Moyet, and won her first television commission writing and directing a programme segment for Janet Street Porter's Channel Four series Network 7, Flesh + Blood. In the 1990s, Hogg directed episodes of London Bridge, Casualty and London's Burning. She also directed the EastEnders special EastEnders: Dot's Story (2003).	wiki-intro	0	[ 9908, 7697, 367, 10332, 357, 6286, 1160, 2805, 9507, 8, 318, 257, 3517, 2646, 3437, 290, 3159, 16002, 13, 1375, 925, 607, 3437, 498, 290, 3159, 16502, 3895, 2646, 8886, 287, 4343, 351, 791, 5363, 13, 4930, 286, 607, 7328, 11, 383, 22862, 574, 343, 357, 23344, 8, 290, 383, 22862, 574, 343, 2142, 2873, 357, 1238, 2481, 828, 20633, 262, 26864, 1222, 9506, 5079, 3278, 329, 1266, 2646, 287, 511, 11756, 812, 11, 6464, 30994, 379, 262, 3517, 13362, 13741, 15434, 11, 262, 13362, 7710, 15434, 290, 379, 262, 11307, 4037, 13741, 11117, 13, 12556, 3195, 670, 198, 3260, 4305, 1524, 287, 262, 2739, 8069, 82, 11, 367, 10332, 3111, 355, 257, 16413, 290, 2540, 284, 787, 11992, 2208, 12, 23, 7328, 706, 23669, 257, 4676, 422, 20893, 15374, 805, 11, 508, 2627, 281, 1903, 22387, 706, 257, 2863, 3249, 287, 3208, 747, 18287, 45603, 287, 311, 40950, 13, 1881, 286, 777, 11, 257, 2646, 546, 257, 37892, 26924, 416, 6802, 6575, 367, 589, 335, 268, 11, 1839, 607, 257, 1295, 284, 2050, 4571, 379, 262, 2351, 13741, 290, 21516, 3961, 13, 554, 12113, 11, 607, 21571, 3704, 1444, 4476, 20970, 31636, 309, 27281, 2451, 2371, 13, 1550, 21571, 11, 367, 10332, 7924, 1811, 2647, 5861, 329, 7912, 884, 355, 33629, 28523, 316, 11, 290, 1839, 607, 717, 5581, 5810, 3597, 290, 21024, 257, 11383, 10618, 329, 28111, 3530, 20890, 338, 11102, 6675, 2168, 7311, 767, 11, 38998, 1343, 7235, 13, 554, 262, 6303, 82, 11, 367, 10332, 7924, 8640, 286, 3576, 10290, 11, 43508, 774, 290, 3576, 338, 21460, 13, 1375, 635, 7924, 262, 3687, 12915, 364, 2041, 3687, 12915, 364, 25, 22875, 338, 8362, 357, 16088, 737 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	22.816242
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Digital edition' A digital edition is an online magazine	A digital edition is an online magazine or online newspaper delivered in electronic form which is formatted identically to the print version. Digital editions are often called digital facsimiles to underline the likeness to the print version. Digital editions have the benefit of reduced cost to the publisher and reader by avoiding the time and the expense to print and deliver paper edition. This format is considered more environmentally friendly due to the reduction of paper and energy use. These editions also often feature interactive elements such as hyperlinks both within the publication itself and to other internet resources, search option and bookmarking, and can also incorporate multimedia such as video or animation to enhance articles themselves or for advertisement purposes. Some delivery methods also include animation and sound effects that replicate turning of the page to further enhance the experience of their print counterparts. Magazine publishers have traditionally relied on two revenue sources: selling ads and selling magazines. Additionally some publishers are using other electronic publication methods such as RSS to reach out to readers and inform them when new digital editions are available. Current technologies are generally either reader-based, requiring a download of an application and subsequent download of each edition, or browser-based, often using Macromedia Flash , requiring no application download (such as Adobe Acrobat). Some application-based readers allow users to access editions while not connected to internet. Dedicated hardware such as the Amazon Kindle and the iPad is also available for reading digital editions of select books, popular national magazines such as Time, The Atlantic, and Forbes and popular national newspapers such as the New York Times, Wall Street Journal, and Washington Post.	wiki-intro	0	[ 32, 4875, 8313, 318, 281, 2691, 7093, 393, 2691, 7533, 6793, 287, 7914, 1296, 543, 318, 39559, 1852, 1146, 284, 262, 3601, 2196, 13, 10231, 23713, 389, 1690, 1444, 4875, 1777, 14323, 2915, 284, 739, 1370, 262, 35674, 284, 262, 3601, 2196, 13, 10231, 23713, 423, 262, 4414, 286, 5322, 1575, 284, 262, 9991, 290, 9173, 416, 14928, 262, 640, 290, 262, 10907, 284, 3601, 290, 5203, 3348, 8313, 13, 220, 770, 5794, 318, 3177, 517, 34132, 8030, 2233, 284, 262, 7741, 286, 3348, 290, 2568, 779, 13, 220, 2312, 23713, 635, 1690, 3895, 14333, 4847, 884, 355, 8718, 28751, 1111, 1626, 262, 9207, 2346, 290, 284, 584, 5230, 4133, 11, 2989, 3038, 290, 44007, 278, 11, 290, 460, 635, 19330, 40162, 884, 355, 2008, 393, 11034, 284, 9494, 6685, 2405, 393, 329, 15422, 4959, 13, 2773, 7585, 5050, 635, 2291, 11034, 290, 2128, 3048, 326, 24340, 6225, 286, 262, 2443, 284, 2252, 9494, 262, 1998, 286, 511, 3601, 16054, 13, 11175, 17604, 423, 16083, 17498, 319, 734, 6426, 4237, 25, 6301, 9011, 290, 6301, 16695, 13, 12032, 617, 17604, 389, 1262, 584, 7914, 9207, 5050, 884, 355, 25012, 284, 3151, 503, 284, 7183, 290, 4175, 606, 618, 649, 4875, 23713, 389, 1695, 13, 9236, 8514, 389, 4143, 2035, 9173, 12, 3106, 11, 10616, 257, 4321, 286, 281, 3586, 290, 8840, 4321, 286, 1123, 8313, 11, 393, 6444, 12, 3106, 11, 1690, 1262, 4100, 398, 5507, 9973, 837, 10616, 645, 3586, 4321, 357, 10508, 355, 21771, 4013, 40655, 737, 2773, 3586, 12, 3106, 7183, 1249, 2985, 284, 1895, 23713, 981, 407, 5884, 284, 5230, 13, 35023, 3474, 6890, 884, 355, 262, 6186, 27114, 290, 262, 13133, 318, 635, 1695, 329, 3555, 4875, 23713, 286, 2922, 3835, 11, 2968, 2260, 16695, 884, 355, 3862, 11, 383, 10596, 11, 290, 22720, 290, 2968, 2260, 14741, 884, 355, 262, 968, 1971, 3782, 11, 5007, 3530, 4913, 11, 290, 2669, 2947, 13, 220 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	23.862751
How can the Humble Bundle sell $260 worth of Steam games/DLC for only $15? Title. Please explain like I' m five.	The Humble Bundle is a company that offers bundles of video games and other digital content at discounted prices. They are able to offer such steep discounts because they have made deals with the publishers of the games to sell them at a lower price. The Humble Bundle also makes money through donations from customers, which allows them to offer the games at a lower price than they would otherwise be able to. Additionally, the Humble Bundle often offers a mix of newer and older games, which can help to bring down the overall price of the bundle.	hc3-reddit_eli5	1	[ 464, 367, 10344, 25282, 318, 257, 1664, 326, 4394, 36344, 286, 2008, 1830, 290, 584, 4875, 2695, 379, 29686, 4536, 13, 1119, 389, 1498, 284, 2897, 884, 14559, 25684, 780, 484, 423, 925, 7529, 351, 262, 17604, 286, 262, 1830, 284, 3677, 606, 379, 257, 2793, 2756, 13, 383, 367, 10344, 25282, 635, 1838, 1637, 832, 10976, 422, 4297, 11, 543, 3578, 606, 284, 2897, 262, 1830, 379, 257, 2793, 2756, 621, 484, 561, 4306, 307, 1498, 284, 13, 12032, 11, 262, 367, 10344, 25282, 1690, 4394, 257, 5022, 286, 15064, 290, 4697, 1830, 11, 543, 460, 1037, 284, 2222, 866, 262, 4045, 2756, 286, 262, 18537, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	7.02596
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Baron Greville' Baron Greville, of Clonyn, County Westmeath, was	Baron Greville, of Clonyn, County Westmeath, was an Irish peer and politician. Baron Greville was the second son of the Reverend George Greville, Dean of Cashel. He was educated at Trinity College, Dublin, and became a Fellow of Trinity in 1876. He succeeded his father in 1877. Greville was elected to the House of Commons for Westmeath in 1882, a seat he held until 1886. He served as Under-Secretary for Ireland in the first Gladstone ministry from 1885 to 1886, and as Colonial Secretary in the second Gladstone ministry from 1886 to 1892. He was made a Knight Bachelor in 1889. Greville also served as Lord Lieutenant of Westmeath from 1893 to 1898, and as President of the Royal Irish Academy from 1898 to 1902. He died at his home, Clonyn, near Mullingar, County Westmeath, on 17 January 1902.	wiki-intro	1	[ 33, 8045, 11955, 4244, 11, 286, 1012, 1647, 77, 11, 3418, 2688, 1326, 776, 11, 373, 281, 8685, 12720, 290, 14971, 13, 198, 198, 33, 8045, 11955, 4244, 373, 262, 1218, 3367, 286, 262, 47042, 4502, 11955, 4244, 11, 11325, 286, 11294, 2978, 13, 679, 373, 15657, 379, 22844, 5535, 11, 18220, 11, 290, 2627, 257, 29764, 286, 22844, 287, 1248, 4304, 13, 679, 14131, 465, 2988, 287, 1248, 3324, 13, 198, 198, 43887, 4244, 373, 7018, 284, 262, 2097, 286, 13815, 329, 2688, 1326, 776, 287, 1248, 6469, 11, 257, 5852, 339, 2714, 1566, 49539, 13, 679, 4983, 355, 4698, 12, 38541, 329, 7517, 287, 262, 717, 28442, 6440, 11957, 422, 1248, 5332, 284, 49539, 11, 290, 355, 37726, 4986, 287, 262, 1218, 28442, 6440, 11957, 422, 49539, 284, 1248, 5892, 13, 679, 373, 925, 257, 6700, 33399, 287, 49545, 13, 198, 198, 43887, 4244, 635, 4983, 355, 4453, 21586, 286, 2688, 1326, 776, 422, 48889, 284, 46244, 11, 290, 355, 1992, 286, 262, 8111, 8685, 8581, 422, 46244, 284, 45611, 13, 679, 3724, 379, 465, 1363, 11, 1012, 1647, 77, 11, 1474, 19574, 278, 283, 11, 3418, 2688, 1326, 776, 11, 319, 1596, 3269, 45611, 13, 198 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	6.015333
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Choe U' Choe U (; 1166 - 10 December	Choe U (; 1166 - 10 December 1249) was the second Choe dictator of the Ubong Choe Military regime. He himself went out on the battlefield to lead in fighting off the Mongolian invasions. Then he realized that the government was no longer safe at the capital city of Kaesong, and so he forced the king and his officials to flee to Ganghwa island. He took some of his armies and went to Ganghwa island with them. He did this because he knew that the Mongols would not attempt a naval assault against Ganghwa. Therefore, the Goryeo government was kept safe for several decades even after the Choe regime. Background Choe U was the son of the Goryeo Dynasty military regime's founder, Choe Chung-Heon (최충헌,崔忠獻), and grandson of the Grand General Choe Won-Ho (최원호,崔元浩). Choe U's birthdate is unknown, but it is known that the Choe family lived in the capital of Kaesong at the time when Choe Chung-Heon assassinated Yi Ui-Min. Choe U was around the age of seventeen when his father assassinated the tyrant Yi in 1196, and saw how his father amassed and wielded power. Choe U was said to have been a skilled general and fighter as well as an exceptional statesman.	wiki-intro	0	[ 1925, 2577, 471, 357, 26, 1367, 2791, 532, 838, 3426, 1105, 2920, 8, 373, 262, 1218, 609, 2577, 26671, 286, 262, 12021, 506, 609, 2577, 12842, 7142, 13, 679, 2241, 1816, 503, 319, 262, 13480, 284, 1085, 287, 4330, 572, 262, 42188, 666, 800, 39327, 13, 3244, 339, 6939, 326, 262, 1230, 373, 645, 2392, 3338, 379, 262, 3139, 1748, 286, 11611, 274, 506, 11, 290, 523, 339, 4137, 262, 5822, 290, 465, 2828, 284, 11562, 284, 23207, 456, 10247, 7022, 13, 679, 1718, 617, 286, 465, 18837, 290, 1816, 284, 23207, 456, 10247, 7022, 351, 606, 13, 679, 750, 428, 780, 339, 2993, 326, 262, 18428, 10220, 561, 407, 2230, 257, 19014, 4641, 1028, 23207, 456, 10247, 13, 8447, 11, 262, 402, 652, 68, 78, 1230, 373, 4030, 3338, 329, 1811, 4647, 772, 706, 262, 609, 2577, 7142, 13, 25353, 198, 1925, 2577, 471, 373, 262, 3367, 286, 262, 402, 652, 68, 78, 30908, 2422, 7142, 338, 9119, 11, 609, 2577, 43915, 12, 1544, 261, 357, 168, 113, 250, 168, 114, 102, 169, 245, 234, 11, 161, 112, 242, 33232, 254, 163, 235, 119, 828, 290, 31845, 286, 262, 5675, 3611, 609, 2577, 23306, 12, 28900, 220, 357, 168, 113, 250, 168, 249, 238, 169, 246, 116, 11, 161, 112, 242, 17739, 225, 38184, 102, 737, 609, 2577, 471, 338, 4082, 4475, 318, 6439, 11, 475, 340, 318, 1900, 326, 262, 609, 2577, 1641, 5615, 287, 262, 3139, 286, 11611, 274, 506, 379, 262, 640, 618, 609, 2577, 43915, 12, 1544, 261, 39981, 26463, 471, 72, 12, 9452, 13, 609, 2577, 471, 373, 1088, 262, 2479, 286, 38741, 618, 465, 2988, 39981, 262, 47167, 26463, 287, 15136, 21, 11, 290, 2497, 703, 465, 2988, 39025, 290, 42459, 1176, 13, 609, 2577, 471, 373, 531, 284, 423, 587, 257, 14297, 2276, 290, 10543, 355, 880, 355, 281, 15313, 2585, 805, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	18.042175
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Teddie Gerard' Teddie Gerard (born Teresa Cabre, May 2,	Teddie Gerard (born Teresa Cabre, May 2, 1963) is an American singer, songwriter and actress. She has released two albums, one of which was certified platinum. Her work in television and film has led to her being referred to as a "pop culture icon". Teddie Gerard was born Teresa Cabre on May 2, 1963, in Los Angeles, California. She is of Mexican descent. Gerard's family moved to the San Francisco Bay Area when she was a child, and she attended El Sobrante High School. She studied theater at the University of California, Davis. Gerard began her music career in the early 1980s as a backing vocalist for the funk and R&B group the Emotions. In 1984, she released her first album, "Teddie Gerard", which was produced by Jerry Butler and had minor success on the charts. In 1985, she starred in the cult film "The Goonies". The following year, she released her second album, "Love Letters", which was more successful than its predecessor and achieved gold status. In 1991, Gerard starred in the television series "Soap" as Victoria Newman. The show ran for six seasons and was highly successful; it spawned two spin-off series and several video games. In 1996, she released her third album, "Tenacity". That year, she also starred in the film "The Net". In 1998, Gerard released her fourth album, "Between Dreams & Reality", which failed to achieve commercial success.	wiki-intro	1	[ 51, 6048, 494, 41459, 357, 6286, 34405, 15976, 260, 11, 1737, 362, 11, 19342, 8, 318, 281, 1605, 14015, 11, 3496, 16002, 290, 14549, 13, 1375, 468, 2716, 734, 16788, 11, 530, 286, 543, 373, 15704, 36516, 13, 2332, 670, 287, 5581, 290, 2646, 468, 2957, 284, 607, 852, 6412, 284, 355, 257, 366, 12924, 3968, 7196, 1911, 198, 198, 51, 6048, 494, 41459, 373, 4642, 34405, 15976, 260, 319, 1737, 362, 11, 19342, 11, 287, 5401, 5652, 11, 3442, 13, 1375, 318, 286, 10816, 18598, 13, 41459, 338, 1641, 3888, 284, 262, 2986, 6033, 4696, 9498, 618, 673, 373, 257, 1200, 11, 290, 673, 9141, 2574, 36884, 5250, 68, 3334, 3961, 13, 1375, 9713, 13766, 379, 262, 2059, 286, 3442, 11, 7802, 13, 198, 198, 38069, 446, 2540, 607, 2647, 3451, 287, 262, 1903, 7169, 82, 355, 257, 12285, 12435, 396, 329, 262, 46212, 290, 371, 5, 33, 1448, 262, 2295, 36083, 13, 554, 12844, 11, 673, 2716, 607, 717, 5062, 11, 366, 51, 6048, 494, 41459, 1600, 543, 373, 4635, 416, 13075, 17389, 290, 550, 4159, 1943, 319, 262, 15907, 13, 554, 12863, 11, 673, 31636, 287, 262, 2285, 2646, 366, 464, 1514, 17300, 1911, 383, 1708, 614, 11, 673, 2716, 607, 1218, 5062, 11, 366, 18565, 24501, 1600, 543, 373, 517, 4388, 621, 663, 18476, 290, 8793, 3869, 3722, 13, 198, 198, 818, 10249, 11, 41459, 31636, 287, 262, 5581, 2168, 366, 2396, 499, 1, 355, 12313, 27698, 13, 383, 905, 4966, 329, 2237, 7028, 290, 373, 4047, 4388, 26, 340, 29013, 734, 7906, 12, 2364, 2168, 290, 1811, 2008, 1830, 13, 554, 8235, 11, 673, 2716, 607, 2368, 5062, 11, 366, 24893, 4355, 1911, 1320, 614, 11, 673, 635, 31636, 287, 262, 2646, 366, 464, 3433, 1911, 554, 7795, 11, 41459, 2716, 607, 5544, 5062, 11, 366, 25262, 21527, 1222, 22520, 1600, 543, 4054, 284, 4620, 5068, 1943, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	7.244104
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Neil McInnes (politician)' Neil Malcolm McInnes (26 August 1924 –	Neil Malcolm McInnes (26 August 1924 – 22 September 2013) was a Scottish Conservative Party politician who served as the Member of Parliament for Aberdeen South from 1983 to 1997. Born in Aberdeen, McInnes was educated at the Royal High School and Aberdeen University. He began his career as a civil servant, working in the Department of Agriculture and Fisheries and then the Department of Economic Affairs. He joined the Conservative Party in 1962, and was elected to North-East Aberdeenshire Council in 1967. McInnes was elected to Parliament in 1983, and became a junior minister under Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher. Following Thatcher's resignation in 1990, he served as Secretary of State for Scotland until being forced to resign in 1992 over his involvement in the John Major 'cash for questions' scandal. He returned to the backbenches, serving as an opposition spokesman on agriculture and fisheries before retiring from Parliament in 1997.	wiki-intro	1	[ 29354, 20002, 1982, 818, 2516, 357, 2075, 2932, 37547, 784, 2534, 2693, 2211, 8, 373, 257, 11905, 11132, 3615, 14971, 508, 4983, 355, 262, 10239, 286, 8411, 329, 44985, 2520, 422, 13540, 284, 8309, 13, 198, 198, 28524, 287, 44985, 11, 1982, 818, 2516, 373, 15657, 379, 262, 8111, 3334, 3961, 290, 44985, 2059, 13, 679, 2540, 465, 3451, 355, 257, 3026, 18807, 11, 1762, 287, 262, 2732, 286, 19717, 290, 49179, 290, 788, 262, 2732, 286, 11279, 10665, 13, 679, 5399, 262, 11132, 3615, 287, 20033, 11, 290, 373, 7018, 284, 2258, 12, 25234, 27700, 2934, 641, 10695, 4281, 287, 15904, 13, 198, 198, 9742, 818, 2516, 373, 7018, 284, 8411, 287, 13540, 11, 290, 2627, 257, 13430, 5342, 739, 5537, 4139, 19579, 31706, 13, 14207, 31706, 338, 18525, 287, 6303, 11, 339, 4983, 355, 4986, 286, 1812, 329, 8838, 1566, 852, 4137, 284, 10931, 287, 9768, 625, 465, 9750, 287, 262, 1757, 8386, 705, 30350, 329, 2683, 6, 10731, 13, 679, 4504, 284, 262, 736, 11722, 2052, 11, 7351, 355, 281, 5471, 6523, 319, 14510, 290, 41440, 878, 29040, 422, 8411, 287, 8309, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	5.432547
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Edelfrei' The term edelfrei or hochfrei ("free noble"	The term edelfrei or hochfrei ("free noble" or "free knight") was originally used to designate and distinguish those Germanic noblemen from the Second Estate (see Estates of the realm social hierarchy), who were legally entitled to atonement reparation of three times their "Weregild" (Wergeld) value from a guilty person or party. Such knights were known as Edelfreie or Edelinge. This distinguished them from those other free men or free knights who came from the Third Estate social hierarchy, and whose atonement reparation value was the standard "Weregild" (Wergeld) amount set according to regional laws. In the Holy Roman Empire, the "high nobility" emerged from the Edelfreie during the course of the 12th century, in contrast to the so-called ministeriales, most of whom were originally unfree knights or . In the Middle Ages edelfrei or hochfrei meant, in simple terms, that someone was a member of an ancient, dynastic aristocratic line. Free noble families were independent of legal obligations of a secondary nature, and they were not subordinated to any other families or dynasties, apart from the king or emperor. The modern concept of aristocracy (Uradel) must not be confused with the term edelfrei, since the former term's scope is much broader: all families that can prove they belonged to the knightly aristocracy by no later than around 1400 (whether originally edelfrei or ministeriales) are counted today as Uradel, i.e., the aristocracy.	wiki-intro	0	[ 464, 3381, 1225, 7046, 260, 72, 393, 289, 5374, 19503, 72, 5855, 5787, 15581, 1, 393, 366, 5787, 22062, 4943, 373, 6198, 973, 284, 32781, 290, 15714, 883, 2679, 291, 15581, 3653, 422, 262, 5498, 23015, 357, 3826, 10062, 689, 286, 262, 13360, 1919, 18911, 828, 508, 547, 11119, 9080, 284, 379, 49844, 1128, 10186, 286, 1115, 1661, 511, 366, 35653, 70, 688, 1, 357, 54, 263, 469, 335, 8, 1988, 422, 257, 6717, 1048, 393, 2151, 13, 8013, 27536, 547, 1900, 355, 1717, 7046, 260, 494, 393, 1717, 10809, 68, 13, 770, 18876, 606, 422, 883, 584, 1479, 1450, 393, 1479, 27536, 508, 1625, 422, 262, 10467, 23015, 1919, 18911, 11, 290, 3025, 379, 49844, 1128, 10186, 1988, 373, 262, 3210, 366, 35653, 70, 688, 1, 357, 54, 263, 469, 335, 8, 2033, 900, 1864, 284, 7915, 3657, 13, 554, 262, 7439, 7993, 8065, 11, 262, 366, 8929, 41748, 1, 220, 9349, 422, 262, 1717, 7046, 260, 494, 1141, 262, 1781, 286, 262, 1105, 400, 4289, 11, 287, 6273, 284, 262, 523, 12, 7174, 45555, 274, 11, 749, 286, 4150, 547, 6198, 3684, 631, 27536, 393, 764, 554, 262, 6046, 21449, 1225, 7046, 260, 72, 393, 289, 5374, 19503, 72, 4001, 11, 287, 2829, 2846, 11, 326, 2130, 373, 257, 2888, 286, 281, 6156, 11, 37860, 3477, 28631, 15405, 1627, 13, 3232, 15581, 4172, 547, 4795, 286, 2742, 13675, 286, 257, 9233, 3450, 11, 290, 484, 547, 407, 21267, 3898, 284, 597, 584, 4172, 393, 37860, 459, 444, 11, 5475, 422, 262, 5822, 393, 23129, 13, 383, 3660, 3721, 286, 50025, 357, 52, 6335, 417, 8, 1276, 407, 307, 10416, 351, 262, 3381, 1225, 7046, 260, 72, 11, 1201, 262, 1966, 3381, 338, 8354, 318, 881, 11622, 25, 220, 477, 4172, 326, 460, 5879, 484, 19611, 284, 262, 22062, 306, 50025, 416, 645, 1568, 621, 1088, 36641, 357, 25356, 6198, 1225, 7046, 260, 72, 393, 45555, 274, 8, 389, 14789, 1909, 355, 471, 6335, 417, 11, 1312, 13, 68, 1539, 262, 50025, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	25.683558
How do eels produce electricity? How much voltage or ampere are they producing? Explain like I' m five.	Yo ho ho! Yer not alone in askin', and kind strangers have explained: 1. [ELI5: How do electric eels produce electricity and how much?] (URL_ 2) 1. [ELI5: How do electric eels generate electric current?] (URL_ 3) 1. [ELI5: How do Eels create electricity?] (URL_ 5) 1. [ELI5: How do creatures like eels produce electricity?] (URL_ 0) 1. [ELI5: How does an electric eel produce its deadly electricity? Where does it come from?] (URL_ 1) 1. [ELI5: How do electric eels generate voltage?] (URL_ 4) Animals (including humans) already generate electricity. We do it by changing electrical potentials in our cells by opening ion channels that allow sodium to flow through. Normally this is a very small amount of electricity. Electric eels have stacks of 5, 000-6, 000 electroplaques that combine to create shocks up to 860 volts at 1 ampere. They have three pairs of organs: the main organ, Hunter's organ, and the Sach's organ. They're derived from modified nerve cells and thus their cells are flattened, disc like, known as "* electrocytes "-each of them producing about * 0. 15 V * * electric field via efflux of Na+ and K+ through Na/K ATP pump. And this occurs every time the pacemaker neurons [aka medullary command nucleus-forms of modified neurons] are stimulated, that discharge chemical messengers known as acetylcholines. These acetylcholines reach the electrocytes and stimulate them to cause efflux of Na and K cations.	hc3-reddit_eli5	0	[ 38101, 8169, 8169, 0, 575, 263, 407, 3436, 287, 1265, 259, 3256, 290, 1611, 18981, 423, 4893, 25, 352, 13, 685, 3698, 40, 20, 25, 1374, 466, 5186, 304, 1424, 4439, 8744, 290, 703, 881, 26398, 357, 21886, 62, 362, 8, 352, 13, 685, 3698, 40, 20, 25, 1374, 466, 5186, 304, 1424, 7716, 5186, 1459, 26398, 357, 21886, 62, 513, 8, 352, 13, 685, 3698, 40, 20, 25, 1374, 466, 412, 1424, 2251, 8744, 26398, 357, 21886, 62, 642, 8, 352, 13, 685, 3698, 40, 20, 25, 1374, 466, 8109, 588, 304, 1424, 4439, 8744, 26398, 357, 21886, 62, 657, 8, 352, 13, 685, 3698, 40, 20, 25, 1374, 857, 281, 5186, 304, 417, 4439, 663, 10309, 8744, 30, 6350, 857, 340, 1282, 422, 26398, 357, 21886, 62, 352, 8, 352, 13, 685, 3698, 40, 20, 25, 1374, 466, 5186, 304, 1424, 7716, 15004, 26398, 357, 21886, 62, 604, 8, 25390, 357, 8201, 5384, 8, 1541, 7716, 8744, 13, 775, 466, 340, 416, 5609, 12278, 2785, 82, 287, 674, 4778, 416, 4756, 22088, 9619, 326, 1249, 21072, 284, 5202, 832, 13, 29282, 428, 318, 257, 845, 1402, 2033, 286, 8744, 13, 13944, 304, 1424, 423, 24285, 286, 642, 11, 12877, 12, 21, 11, 12877, 15206, 489, 46806, 326, 12082, 284, 2251, 32392, 510, 284, 807, 1899, 46297, 379, 352, 716, 431, 260, 13, 1119, 423, 1115, 14729, 286, 16613, 25, 262, 1388, 1618, 11, 9055, 338, 1618, 11, 290, 262, 20678, 338, 1618, 13, 1119, 821, 10944, 422, 9518, 16384, 4778, 290, 4145, 511, 4778, 389, 45096, 11, 1221, 588, 11, 1900, 355, 366, 9, 15206, 948, 4879, 1635, 26793, 27379, 286, 606, 9194, 546, 1635, 1635, 657, 13, 1315, 569, 1635, 1635, 5186, 2214, 2884, 914, 22564, 286, 11013, 10, 290, 509, 10, 832, 11013, 14, 42, 39046, 8901, 13, 843, 428, 8833, 790, 640, 262, 23503, 32174, 16890, 685, 8130, 1117, 724, 560, 3141, 29984, 12, 23914, 286, 9518, 16890, 60, 389, 40216, 11, 326, 17655, 5931, 2085, 9302, 1900, 355, 25174, 2645, 354, 349, 1127, 13, 2312, 25174, 2645, 354, 349, 1127, 3151, 262, 15206, 948, 4879, 290, 26020, 606, 284, 2728, 914, 22564, 286, 11013, 290, 509, 269, 602, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	25.84635
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Eelam War III' Eelam War III is the name given	Eelam War III is the name given to the third phase of armed conflict between the Sri Lankan military and the separatist Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE). After the period of 100 days cease-fire the hostilities broke out on 19 April 1995. The LTTE - Sea Tigers planted explosives in two gun boats known as SLNS 'Sooraya' and 'Ranasuru', and blew them up. Also, a new weapon "Stinger", a shoulder-launched anti-aircraft missile was used in this conflict by the LTTE. This was used to take down two Sri Lankan Air Force AVRO aircraft flying over the Jaffna peninsula. Eelam War III also marked the rising success of the LTTE, as they managed to capture key districts such as Kilinochchi and Mullaitivu, and took over the Elephant Pass base. By the end of Eelam War III, the LTTE had control of nearly 30% of the entire island. Major military operations (in chronological order)	wiki-intro	0	[ 36, 417, 321, 1810, 6711, 318, 262, 1438, 1813, 284, 262, 2368, 7108, 286, 6936, 5358, 1022, 262, 20872, 44824, 272, 2422, 290, 262, 40680, 29235, 17662, 286, 32519, 412, 417, 321, 357, 27734, 9328, 737, 2293, 262, 2278, 286, 1802, 1528, 13468, 12, 6495, 262, 39082, 6265, 503, 319, 678, 3035, 8735, 13, 383, 34146, 9328, 532, 6896, 17662, 18969, 20732, 287, 734, 2485, 16659, 1900, 355, 12419, 8035, 705, 2396, 273, 11729, 6, 290, 705, 49, 15991, 14717, 3256, 290, 17948, 606, 510, 13, 4418, 11, 257, 649, 4282, 366, 50, 889, 263, 1600, 257, 8163, 12, 38722, 1740, 3098, 12, 958, 3323, 10105, 373, 973, 287, 428, 5358, 416, 262, 34146, 9328, 13, 770, 373, 973, 284, 1011, 866, 734, 20872, 44824, 272, 3701, 5221, 317, 13024, 46, 6215, 7348, 625, 262, 449, 2001, 2616, 28080, 13, 412, 417, 321, 1810, 6711, 635, 7498, 262, 7396, 1943, 286, 262, 34146, 9328, 11, 355, 484, 5257, 284, 8006, 1994, 12815, 884, 355, 19902, 2879, 354, 11072, 290, 19574, 4548, 452, 84, 11, 290, 1718, 625, 262, 42651, 6251, 2779, 13, 2750, 262, 886, 286, 412, 417, 321, 1810, 6711, 11, 262, 34146, 9328, 550, 1630, 286, 3016, 1542, 4, 286, 262, 2104, 7022, 13, 8386, 2422, 4560, 357, 259, 45946, 1502, 8 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	15.19781
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Gerhard Jorch' Gerhard Jorch (born 1951 in Neuhaus/Paderborn Germany)	Gerhard Jorch (born 1951 in Neuhaus/Paderborn Germany) is a German pediatrician. He is Professor for general pediatrics and neonatology at the Otto-von-Guericke University of Magdeburg and director of the University children's hospital. Curriculum vitae Gerhard Jorch was born as the eldest of seven siblings in Neuhaus. He got highschool education at Gymnasium Theodorianum Paderborn and thereafter performed his medical study at the Philipps-University of Marburg from 1970-1977 supported by a national grant (Studienstiftung des Deutschen Volkes). He finished his doctoral thesis work (Dr. med.) in 1976. From 1977 – 1982 he performed pediatric training at the Friedrich-Wilhelms-University of Münster and became assistant medical director of the pediatric and neonatal care unit of the university children's hospital in 1982. In 1985 he finished his habilitation thesis work (Dr.med. habil.) and was nominated as university lecturer (PD). He became (apl.) Professor for Pediatrics in 1990. In 1998 he was appointed by the Otto-von-Guericke University of Magdeburg as director of the Department for general pediatrics and neonatology and became head of the whole university hospital of children in 2006. He is clinically specialized in neonatology, pediatric intensive care and neuropediatrics. After his retirement on September 30, 2018, Jorch has shifted the focus of his work to the supervision of mother-child centers in China. Jorch is married and has nine children.:	wiki-intro	0	[ 38069, 10424, 449, 273, 354, 357, 6286, 27937, 287, 3169, 84, 30404, 14, 47, 5067, 6286, 4486, 8, 318, 257, 2679, 29775, 666, 13, 679, 318, 8129, 329, 2276, 7190, 36549, 290, 25988, 265, 1435, 379, 262, 30755, 12, 26982, 12, 8205, 35626, 365, 2059, 286, 2944, 11275, 3686, 290, 3437, 286, 262, 2059, 1751, 338, 4436, 13, 4424, 1173, 14452, 9090, 3609, 220, 198, 38069, 10424, 449, 273, 354, 373, 4642, 355, 262, 34331, 286, 3598, 20569, 287, 3169, 84, 30404, 13, 679, 1392, 1029, 14347, 3707, 379, 31187, 24716, 1505, 383, 375, 22618, 388, 350, 5067, 6286, 290, 19547, 6157, 465, 3315, 2050, 379, 262, 9844, 82, 12, 21009, 286, 1526, 7423, 422, 8069, 12, 37781, 4855, 416, 257, 2260, 7264, 357, 13007, 2013, 301, 2135, 2150, 748, 1024, 315, 1416, 831, 4709, 5209, 737, 220, 679, 5201, 465, 40995, 21554, 670, 357, 6187, 13, 1117, 2014, 287, 15408, 13, 3574, 15589, 784, 14489, 339, 6157, 29775, 3047, 379, 262, 46099, 12, 22327, 2978, 907, 12, 21009, 286, 40790, 77, 1706, 290, 2627, 8796, 3315, 3437, 286, 262, 29775, 290, 25988, 10254, 1337, 4326, 286, 262, 6403, 1751, 338, 4436, 287, 14489, 13, 554, 12863, 339, 5201, 465, 387, 65, 18194, 21554, 670, 357, 6187, 13, 1150, 13, 387, 33473, 2014, 290, 373, 19332, 355, 6403, 40228, 357, 5760, 737, 679, 2627, 357, 64, 489, 2014, 8129, 329, 46776, 287, 6303, 13, 554, 7795, 339, 373, 9899, 416, 262, 30755, 12, 26982, 12, 8205, 35626, 365, 2059, 286, 2944, 11275, 3686, 355, 3437, 286, 262, 2732, 329, 2276, 7190, 36549, 290, 25988, 265, 1435, 290, 2627, 1182, 286, 262, 2187, 6403, 4436, 286, 1751, 287, 4793, 13, 679, 318, 36688, 16976, 287, 25988, 265, 1435, 11, 29775, 18590, 1337, 290, 7669, 9124, 36549, 13, 2293, 465, 10737, 319, 2693, 1542, 11, 2864, 11, 449, 273, 354, 468, 14869, 262, 2962, 286, 465, 670, 284, 262, 20865, 286, 2802, 12, 9410, 10399, 287, 2807, 13, 198, 41, 273, 354, 318, 6405, 290, 468, 5193, 1751, 11207 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	17.004679
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Minakuchi Okayama Castle' was a Sengoku period Japanese castle located	was a Sengoku period Japanese castle located in the city of Minakuchi, Okayama Prefecture. It is now in ruins, but a few buildings remain. The castle was first built in 1488 by the Minakuchi clan, and was later rebuilt in the early 1600s by the Matsudaira clan. The castle was seized by the Tokugawa shogunate in 1614, and remained under their control until the Meiji period. The castle was destroyed in 1893 during the Meiji period firebombing of Okayama.	wiki-intro	1	[ 9776, 257, 311, 1516, 11601, 2278, 4960, 16669, 5140, 287, 262, 1748, 286, 1855, 461, 22200, 11, 16805, 1689, 3771, 36637, 13, 632, 318, 783, 287, 20073, 11, 475, 257, 1178, 6832, 3520, 13, 198, 198, 464, 16669, 373, 717, 3170, 287, 1478, 3459, 416, 262, 1855, 461, 22200, 19065, 11, 290, 373, 1568, 30080, 287, 262, 1903, 26143, 82, 416, 262, 30107, 463, 958, 64, 19065, 13, 383, 16669, 373, 12000, 416, 262, 9453, 1018, 6909, 427, 39918, 378, 287, 1467, 1415, 11, 290, 6150, 739, 511, 1630, 1566, 262, 2185, 20770, 2278, 13, 383, 16669, 373, 6572, 287, 48889, 1141, 262, 2185, 20770, 2278, 2046, 27657, 278, 286, 16805, 1689, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	6.995564
Back pain with frequent urinationmale 72 yrs old back pain above hip pain comes and goes frequent urination unset of pain usually happens when twisting waist	hello kaith.. â ' the above signs are mostly of two diseases named urinary tract infection or secondary diabetes.. go to ur family physician for further concern.. wish u a very good health	hc3-medicine	0	[ 31373, 479, 3921, 492, 6184, 95, 126, 222, 1587, 246, 6, 262, 2029, 5895, 389, 4632, 286, 734, 10040, 3706, 38628, 14998, 10280, 393, 9233, 12593, 492, 467, 284, 2956, 1641, 14325, 329, 2252, 2328, 492, 4601, 334, 257, 845, 922, 1535 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	314.130432
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Barbary Crusade' The Barbary Crusade, also called the Mahdia	The Barbary Crusade, also called the Mahdia Crusade, was a Franco-Genoese military expedition in 1390 that led to the siege of Mahdia, then a stronghold of the Barbary pirates in Hafsidi Ifriqiya (geographically corresponding to modern Tunisia). Froissart's Chronicles is the chief account of what was one of the last crusades. Background During the lulls of the Hundred Years War knights looked for opportunities for glory and honor. As Genoese ambassadors approached the French king Charles VI to subscribe to a crusade, they eagerly supported the plan to fight Muslim pirates from North Africa. These pirates had their main base at Mahdia on the Barbary coast. Genoa was ready to supply ships, supplies, 12,000 archers and 8,000 foot soldiers, if France would provide the knights. The proposal by the doge Antoniotto Adorno was presented as a crusade. As such it would give prestige to its participants, a moratorium on their debts, immunity from lawsuits, and papal indulgence. The French force also included some English participants and consisted of 1,500 knights under the leadership of Louis II, Duke of Bourbon.	wiki-intro	0	[ 464, 10593, 560, 33744, 11, 635, 1444, 262, 8882, 67, 544, 33744, 11, 373, 257, 22198, 12, 13746, 78, 2771, 2422, 22817, 287, 1511, 3829, 326, 2957, 284, 262, 20690, 286, 8882, 67, 544, 11, 788, 257, 32753, 286, 262, 10593, 560, 27516, 287, 47458, 82, 19830, 1002, 380, 80, 21008, 357, 469, 33145, 11188, 284, 3660, 33972, 737, 9734, 747, 433, 338, 17740, 318, 262, 4039, 1848, 286, 644, 373, 530, 286, 262, 938, 25164, 2367, 13, 25353, 198, 7191, 262, 42858, 82, 286, 262, 40531, 13212, 1810, 27536, 3114, 329, 6443, 329, 13476, 290, 7522, 13, 198, 1722, 5215, 78, 2771, 41702, 10448, 262, 4141, 5822, 7516, 13889, 284, 12383, 284, 257, 39856, 11, 484, 30130, 4855, 262, 1410, 284, 1907, 3765, 27516, 422, 2258, 5478, 13, 2312, 27516, 550, 511, 1388, 2779, 379, 8882, 67, 544, 319, 262, 10593, 560, 7051, 13, 5215, 12162, 373, 3492, 284, 5127, 7937, 11, 9416, 11, 1105, 11, 830, 610, 3533, 290, 807, 11, 830, 2366, 5795, 11, 611, 4881, 561, 2148, 262, 27536, 13, 383, 6961, 416, 262, 466, 469, 9261, 72, 17631, 1215, 46447, 373, 5545, 355, 257, 39856, 13, 1081, 884, 340, 561, 1577, 29063, 284, 663, 6809, 11, 257, 41772, 319, 511, 20250, 11, 16989, 422, 17785, 11, 290, 20461, 282, 19441, 12745, 13, 383, 4141, 2700, 635, 3017, 617, 3594, 6809, 290, 19954, 286, 352, 11, 4059, 27536, 739, 262, 5531, 286, 5593, 2873, 11, 11083, 286, 41638, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	29.300484
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Rebellatrix' Rebellatrix divaricerca ("rebel coelacanth (with a) forked	Rebellatrix divaricerca ("rebel coelacanth (with a) forked tail", after the unique tail fin) is a large prehistoric coelacanth from the Lower Triassic Sulphur Mountain formation and Wapiti Lake Provincial Park of British Columbia. It is the only known species of the family Rebellatricidae. R. divaricerca's most distinguishing feature was its tuna-like forked tail (unusual for an actinistian fish), which suggested a fast-swimming and active lifestyle, unlike coelacanths related to the living species. The holotype specimen is a nearly complete fossil, with the exception of some fins and a large amount of the skull, as well as an incomplete tail fin. Three other specimens reveal the rest of the tail. The rebel coelacanth may have reached in length. In addition to its uniquely forked (and symmetrical) tail fin, the posterior dorsal fin is behind the anal fin rather than opposite it. Rebellatrix is believed to have been a fast-swimming predator, since its tail is clearly built for speed, and modern coelacanths only use the tail fin when attacking prey, and would have been one of the first non-sharks to fill this niche.	wiki-intro	0	[ 28951, 695, 265, 8609, 2659, 283, 291, 2798, 64, 5855, 260, 6667, 763, 417, 330, 29313, 357, 4480, 257, 8, 329, 9091, 7894, 1600, 706, 262, 3748, 7894, 957, 8, 318, 257, 1588, 44741, 763, 417, 330, 29313, 422, 262, 16048, 7563, 31635, 29357, 746, 333, 9638, 9978, 290, 370, 499, 8846, 6233, 46719, 3250, 286, 3517, 9309, 13, 632, 318, 262, 691, 1900, 4693, 286, 262, 1641, 32032, 265, 1173, 31718, 13, 371, 13, 2659, 283, 291, 2798, 64, 338, 749, 38607, 3895, 373, 663, 38883, 12, 2339, 329, 9091, 7894, 357, 403, 37850, 329, 281, 719, 259, 396, 666, 5916, 828, 543, 5220, 257, 3049, 12, 2032, 27428, 290, 4075, 12263, 11, 5023, 763, 417, 50195, 9998, 3519, 284, 262, 2877, 4693, 13, 383, 6039, 8690, 31674, 318, 257, 3016, 1844, 12584, 11, 351, 262, 6631, 286, 617, 42080, 290, 257, 1588, 2033, 286, 262, 14511, 11, 355, 880, 355, 281, 17503, 7894, 957, 13, 7683, 584, 27569, 7766, 262, 1334, 286, 262, 7894, 13, 383, 14034, 763, 417, 330, 29313, 743, 423, 4251, 220, 287, 4129, 13, 554, 3090, 284, 663, 24139, 329, 9091, 357, 392, 23606, 34546, 8, 7894, 957, 11, 262, 34319, 45254, 957, 318, 2157, 262, 2037, 957, 2138, 621, 6697, 340, 13, 32032, 265, 8609, 318, 4762, 284, 423, 587, 257, 3049, 12, 2032, 27428, 30135, 11, 1201, 663, 7894, 318, 4084, 3170, 329, 2866, 11, 290, 3660, 763, 417, 50195, 9998, 691, 779, 262, 7894, 957, 618, 9274, 15974, 11, 290, 561, 423, 587, 530, 286, 262, 717, 1729, 12, 1477, 5558, 284, 6070, 428, 21404, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	20.89159
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Emma Lundh' Emma Linnea Lundh (born 26 June 1989)	Emma Linnea Lundh (born 26 June 1989) is a Swedish model and actress. She is the winner of the 2008 and 2009 Elite Model Look Sweden contests and was the runner-up in the 2006 contest. Lundh has appeared in magazines such as Vogue Italia, W, Elle Germany and GQ Sweden, and has been photographed by Karl Lagerfeld, Patrick Demarchelier and Mario Testino. In 2009, she starred in the film Swallows and Amazons directed by Michael Haneke.	wiki-intro	1	[ 10161, 2611, 5164, 39718, 33609, 71, 357, 6286, 2608, 2795, 11104, 8, 318, 257, 14023, 2746, 290, 14549, 13, 1375, 318, 262, 8464, 286, 262, 3648, 290, 3717, 16158, 9104, 6803, 10710, 22830, 290, 373, 262, 17490, 12, 929, 287, 262, 4793, 8414, 13, 220, 198, 198, 43, 917, 71, 468, 4120, 287, 16695, 884, 355, 569, 5119, 632, 9752, 11, 370, 11, 2574, 293, 4486, 290, 402, 48, 10710, 11, 290, 468, 587, 25880, 416, 15415, 406, 3536, 16265, 11, 9925, 1897, 283, 2395, 2505, 290, 10682, 6208, 2879, 13, 554, 3717, 11, 673, 31636, 287, 262, 2646, 2451, 47205, 290, 1703, 1031, 684, 7924, 416, 3899, 367, 1531, 365, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	10.236112
Why does doubling up two plastic grocery bags make them less likely to break under heavy weight? And I know it ’ s not because I spent an extra 25 cents on a second bag... Explain like I' m five.	If the plastic is not able to handle the weight it will stretch. If you stretch the plastic just a little bit then it can still hold roughly the same amount of weight but if you stretch it further it is getting thinner and can not support as much weight as before. But if you have two plastic bags inside each other what happens when the plastic stretches is that the weight gets transfered to the other bag. So you end up with roughly equal weight on both bags which doubles the carrying capacity before the bag breaks. Its because the weight is now distributed between the two bags instead of just the one bag So its like each bag only “ carries ” half the weight of whatevers inside Your milk jug's weight is spread over the entirety of the bag not just the bottom. Therefore 2 bags, the weight is spread over both.	hc3-reddit_eli5	0	[ 1532, 262, 7309, 318, 407, 1498, 284, 5412, 262, 3463, 340, 481, 7539, 13, 1002, 345, 7539, 262, 7309, 655, 257, 1310, 1643, 788, 340, 460, 991, 1745, 7323, 262, 976, 2033, 286, 3463, 475, 611, 345, 7539, 340, 2252, 340, 318, 1972, 30125, 290, 460, 407, 1104, 355, 881, 3463, 355, 878, 13, 887, 611, 345, 423, 734, 7309, 11668, 2641, 1123, 584, 644, 4325, 618, 262, 7309, 23687, 318, 326, 262, 3463, 3011, 13501, 1068, 284, 262, 584, 6131, 13, 1406, 345, 886, 510, 351, 7323, 4961, 3463, 319, 1111, 11668, 543, 21938, 262, 6872, 5339, 878, 262, 6131, 9457, 13, 6363, 780, 262, 3463, 318, 783, 9387, 1022, 262, 734, 11668, 2427, 286, 655, 262, 530, 6131, 1406, 663, 588, 1123, 6131, 691, 564, 250, 10732, 564, 251, 2063, 262, 3463, 286, 348, 378, 690, 2641, 3406, 7545, 45808, 338, 3463, 318, 4104, 625, 262, 21818, 286, 262, 6131, 407, 655, 262, 4220, 13, 8447, 362, 11668, 11, 262, 3463, 318, 4104, 625, 1111, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	22.209791
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Kari Løvaas' Kari Løvaas (born 13 May 1939) is	Kari Løvaas (born 13 May 1939) is a Norwegian operatic soprano who made an international career, mostly using the German spelling of her name, Kari Lövaas, outside Scandinavia. She has performed at international festivals such as the Salzburg Festival and the Lucerne Festival in both opera and concert. She participated in complete recordings of rarely performed operas, including works by Haydn and composers of the 20th century, has recorded Lieder and has regularly appeared in choral concerts. Career Løvaas grew up at Brekkeparken in Skien where she also had one of her first appearances. In 1955 she was accepted by the Oslo Conservatory of Music, aged 16, studying under the mentorship of Ingeborg Vorbeck. She made her opera debut as "Nuri" in Eugen d'Albert's Tiefland in the opening performance at the Norwegian National Opera and Ballet on 16 February 1959 on the recommendation of Kirsten Flagstad who had sung the same role for her debut. She was then offered the role of Pamina in Mozarts Die Zauberflöte at the Norwegian Opera and appeared in two productions.	wiki-intro	0	[ 42, 2743, 406, 24172, 6862, 292, 357, 6286, 1511, 1737, 24414, 8, 318, 257, 22158, 1515, 1512, 264, 404, 35823, 508, 925, 281, 3230, 3451, 11, 4632, 1262, 262, 2679, 24993, 286, 607, 1438, 11, 509, 2743, 406, 9101, 6862, 292, 11, 2354, 29410, 544, 13, 1375, 468, 6157, 379, 3230, 25575, 884, 355, 262, 4849, 89, 7423, 11117, 290, 262, 7598, 263, 710, 11117, 287, 1111, 27296, 290, 10010, 13, 1375, 14888, 287, 1844, 18813, 286, 8365, 6157, 1515, 292, 11, 1390, 2499, 416, 9075, 32656, 290, 18882, 364, 286, 262, 1160, 400, 4289, 11, 468, 6264, 406, 798, 263, 290, 468, 7987, 4120, 287, 442, 6864, 28565, 13, 32619, 220, 198, 43, 24172, 6862, 292, 6348, 510, 379, 3719, 74, 365, 20928, 268, 287, 3661, 2013, 810, 673, 635, 550, 530, 286, 607, 717, 11057, 13, 554, 25325, 673, 373, 6292, 416, 262, 39636, 7162, 2870, 286, 7849, 11, 9722, 1467, 11, 11065, 739, 262, 6229, 11094, 286, 554, 469, 23297, 44143, 27343, 13, 1375, 925, 607, 27296, 8886, 355, 366, 45, 9900, 1, 287, 20665, 268, 288, 6, 42590, 338, 309, 2086, 1044, 287, 262, 4756, 2854, 379, 262, 22158, 2351, 26049, 290, 8528, 1616, 319, 1467, 3945, 23859, 319, 262, 15602, 286, 39700, 268, 19762, 24107, 508, 550, 23568, 262, 976, 2597, 329, 607, 8886, 13, 1375, 373, 788, 4438, 262, 2597, 286, 350, 18891, 287, 28036, 5889, 6733, 1168, 559, 527, 2704, 9101, 660, 379, 262, 22158, 26049, 290, 4120, 287, 734, 32260, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	22.333704
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'AN/ARC-190' The AN/ARC-190 is an airborne HF communications	The AN/ARC-190 is an airborne HF communications system, found on C-130, C-20, KC-135, C-141, C-5, C-9, KC-10, B-1, B-52, C-17, E-3, E-4, E-8 JSTARS, F-15, F-16, H-53, H-60, S-2T, and Bell Boeing V-22 Osprey aircraft. System Description The ARC-190 is a military HF radio that operates between 2-30 MHz and transmits at 300+ watts. It features a dual heterodyne receiver/transmitter that uses IF frequencies of 97.8 and 1.8 MHz, an antenna coupler that is pressurized to 7±1 PSI with dry nitrogen (air) which (1) prevents high voltage arcing, (2) prevents corrosion, (3) provides a uniform cooling medium, and one of various controls which provide access to 30 preset channels, 30,000 normal channels, 280,000 channels when using SSB, test functions, squelch, power on/off, and one of 8 modes of operation: UV (Upper Voice), LV (Lower Voice), UD (Upper Data), LD (Lower Data), CW (Continuous Wave), AME (Amplitude Modulated Equivalent), P (Preset) and A (not used).	wiki-intro	0	[ 464, 3537, 14, 25793, 12, 19782, 318, 281, 32726, 42253, 8062, 1080, 11, 1043, 319, 327, 12, 12952, 11, 327, 12, 1238, 11, 25247, 12, 17059, 11, 327, 12, 23756, 11, 327, 12, 20, 11, 327, 12, 24, 11, 25247, 12, 940, 11, 347, 12, 16, 11, 347, 12, 4309, 11, 327, 12, 1558, 11, 412, 12, 18, 11, 412, 12, 19, 11, 412, 12, 23, 449, 2257, 27415, 11, 376, 12, 1314, 11, 376, 12, 1433, 11, 367, 12, 4310, 11, 367, 12, 1899, 11, 311, 12, 17, 51, 11, 290, 7459, 17880, 569, 12, 1828, 440, 2777, 4364, 6215, 13, 4482, 12489, 198, 464, 43928, 12, 19782, 318, 257, 2422, 42253, 5243, 326, 14051, 1022, 362, 12, 1270, 19805, 290, 21595, 896, 379, 5867, 10, 36416, 13, 632, 3033, 257, 10668, 14445, 1118, 710, 9733, 14, 7645, 37974, 326, 3544, 16876, 19998, 286, 10111, 13, 23, 290, 352, 13, 23, 1849, 25983, 11, 281, 20509, 2284, 20053, 326, 318, 1803, 44796, 284, 767, 22519, 16, 6599, 40, 351, 5894, 23417, 357, 958, 8, 543, 357, 16, 8, 15174, 1029, 15004, 610, 2259, 11, 357, 17, 8, 15174, 41677, 11, 357, 18, 8, 3769, 257, 8187, 15134, 7090, 11, 290, 530, 286, 2972, 6973, 543, 2148, 1895, 284, 1542, 38266, 9619, 11, 1542, 11, 830, 3487, 9619, 11, 21355, 11, 830, 9619, 618, 1262, 6723, 33, 11, 1332, 5499, 11, 2809, 417, 354, 11, 1176, 319, 14, 2364, 11, 290, 530, 286, 807, 12881, 286, 4905, 25, 22033, 357, 52, 2848, 15282, 828, 24981, 357, 31426, 15282, 828, 43700, 357, 52, 2848, 6060, 828, 27178, 357, 31426, 6060, 828, 24006, 357, 17875, 5623, 17084, 828, 3001, 36, 357, 5840, 489, 3984, 3401, 4817, 7889, 29540, 828, 350, 357, 25460, 316, 8, 290, 317, 357, 1662, 973, 737 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	22.196821
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Panulirus pascuensis' Panulirus pascuensis is a species of spiny	Panulirus pascuensis is a species of spiny lobster that is endemic to the Mediterranean Sea. It is found at depths of between 10 and 50 m. Panulirus pascuensis is a species of spiny lobster that is endemic to the Mediterranean Sea. It is found at depths of between 10 and 50 m. Panulirus pascuensis can reach a carapace length of up to 70 cm. The colour of the carapace varies from light brown to dark brown, with reddish blotches and spots. The chelicerae are yellow with dark brown tips, and the legs are dark brown.	wiki-intro	1	[ 15730, 377, 19397, 279, 3372, 84, 37834, 318, 257, 4693, 286, 599, 3541, 43657, 326, 318, 42560, 284, 262, 19517, 6896, 13, 632, 318, 1043, 379, 21593, 286, 1022, 838, 290, 2026, 285, 13, 198, 198, 15730, 377, 19397, 279, 3372, 84, 37834, 318, 257, 4693, 286, 599, 3541, 43657, 326, 318, 42560, 284, 262, 19517, 6896, 13, 632, 318, 1043, 379, 21593, 286, 1022, 838, 290, 2026, 285, 13, 5961, 377, 19397, 279, 3372, 84, 37834, 460, 3151, 257, 1097, 499, 558, 4129, 286, 510, 284, 4317, 12067, 13, 383, 9568, 286, 262, 1097, 499, 558, 17806, 422, 1657, 7586, 284, 3223, 7586, 11, 351, 14688, 680, 43182, 2052, 290, 10222, 13, 383, 1125, 677, 263, 3609, 389, 7872, 351, 3223, 7586, 9040, 11, 290, 262, 7405, 389, 3223, 7586, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	3.694994
Shares in Chinese startup company	It is not appropriate for me to provide specific information or recommendations about shares in a particular company, as doing so could be considered investment advice and I am not qualified to give such advice. In general, investing in shares of startup companies can be risky because they are often untested and may not have a track record of financial performance. It is important for investors to carefully research and consider all of the risks and potential rewards of investing in any company, particularly startups. Additionally, it is important to diversify your investment portfolio and not to invest more than you can afford to lose. It is always advisable to consult with a financial professional or seek out independent financial advice before making any investment decisions.	hc3-finance	1	[ 1026, 318, 407, 5035, 329, 502, 284, 2148, 2176, 1321, 393, 10763, 546, 7303, 287, 257, 1948, 1664, 11, 355, 1804, 523, 714, 307, 3177, 4896, 5608, 290, 314, 716, 407, 10617, 284, 1577, 884, 5608, 13, 554, 2276, 11, 14771, 287, 7303, 286, 13693, 2706, 460, 307, 17564, 780, 484, 389, 1690, 1418, 7287, 290, 743, 407, 423, 257, 2610, 1700, 286, 3176, 2854, 13, 632, 318, 1593, 329, 7713, 284, 7773, 2267, 290, 2074, 477, 286, 262, 7476, 290, 2785, 11530, 286, 14771, 287, 597, 1664, 11, 3573, 21685, 13, 12032, 11, 340, 318, 1593, 284, 15070, 1958, 534, 4896, 15320, 290, 407, 284, 1325, 517, 621, 345, 460, 5368, 284, 4425, 13, 632, 318, 1464, 46511, 284, 5725, 351, 257, 3176, 4708, 393, 5380, 503, 4795, 3176, 5608, 878, 1642, 597, 4896, 5370, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	4.810407
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Türkentor (Helmstedt)' The Türkentor (Turks' Gate) is a triumphal	The Türkentor (Turks' Gate) is a triumphal arch in the city of Helmstedt, in Lower Saxony, Germany. Construction of the Türkentor began in 1827 and was completed in 1830. It is a popular tourist destination, and has been labelled a cultural heritage site. The arch is made of sandstone and is 22 metres high and 11 metres wide. It is decorated with a series of reliefs depicting Turkish life and culture.	wiki-intro	1	[ 464, 309, 25151, 74, 298, 273, 357, 17483, 591, 6, 12816, 8, 318, 257, 15499, 282, 3934, 287, 262, 1748, 286, 28351, 30679, 83, 11, 287, 16048, 29242, 1647, 11, 4486, 13, 198, 198, 36687, 286, 262, 309, 25151, 74, 298, 273, 2540, 287, 1248, 1983, 290, 373, 5668, 287, 45440, 13, 632, 318, 257, 2968, 18473, 10965, 11, 290, 468, 587, 30538, 257, 6467, 15012, 2524, 13, 383, 3934, 318, 925, 286, 6450, 6440, 290, 318, 2534, 18985, 1029, 290, 1367, 18985, 3094, 13, 632, 318, 24789, 351, 257, 2168, 286, 8259, 82, 27561, 9663, 1204, 290, 3968, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	8.546989
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Muzzle clamp' The muzzle clamp is a method of	The muzzle clamp is a method of killing used by big predators, usually cats such as Panthera leo, the lion, Panthera pardus, the leopard, and Panthera uncia, the snow leopard. It requires the subduing of prey, usually completely on the ground and pinned by the predator, and the engulfing of the muzzle of the prey entirely in the mouth of the predator, blocking respiration through either the mouth or nose. Usage It is generally easier for large, social carnivores to use this method with large prey when there are multiple individuals holding the prey still while it suffocates, in the case of the lion, or for solitary carnivores killing weak or small animals. It is not as common as the throat clamp with cats. It is also a calculated measure not seen often because most predators are known, especially canids and hyaenids, for eating the prey while it's still alive and letting it die of loss of blood and/or shock, not bothering with killing it first. This method also silences the prey for the most part and can be used by solitary animals to keep the noise down as not to attract other predators with the commotion.	wiki-intro	0	[ 464, 31746, 29405, 318, 257, 2446, 286, 5170, 973, 416, 1263, 23311, 11, 3221, 11875, 884, 355, 30364, 64, 443, 78, 11, 262, 18744, 11, 30364, 64, 41746, 385, 11, 262, 443, 15478, 11, 290, 30364, 64, 4591, 544, 11, 262, 6729, 443, 15478, 13, 632, 4433, 262, 35041, 278, 286, 15974, 11, 3221, 3190, 319, 262, 2323, 290, 25711, 416, 262, 30135, 11, 290, 262, 30443, 278, 286, 262, 31746, 286, 262, 15974, 5000, 287, 262, 5422, 286, 262, 30135, 11, 12013, 1217, 15297, 832, 2035, 262, 5422, 393, 9686, 13, 29566, 198, 1026, 318, 4143, 4577, 329, 1588, 11, 1919, 41919, 2850, 284, 779, 428, 2446, 351, 1588, 15974, 618, 612, 389, 3294, 3925, 4769, 262, 15974, 991, 981, 340, 3027, 420, 689, 11, 287, 262, 1339, 286, 262, 18744, 11, 393, 329, 25565, 41919, 2850, 5170, 4939, 393, 1402, 4695, 13, 632, 318, 407, 355, 2219, 355, 262, 13589, 29405, 351, 11875, 13, 632, 318, 635, 257, 10488, 3953, 407, 1775, 1690, 780, 749, 23311, 389, 1900, 11, 2592, 460, 2340, 290, 2537, 64, 268, 2340, 11, 329, 6600, 262, 15974, 981, 340, 338, 991, 6776, 290, 9616, 340, 4656, 286, 2994, 286, 2910, 290, 14, 273, 6380, 11, 407, 41656, 351, 5170, 340, 717, 13, 770, 2446, 635, 3313, 3007, 262, 15974, 329, 262, 749, 636, 290, 460, 307, 973, 416, 25565, 4695, 284, 1394, 262, 7838, 866, 355, 407, 284, 4729, 584, 23311, 351, 262, 725, 9650, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	21.635574
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'History of Madagascar' The history of Madagascar is distinguished clearly	The history of Madagascar is distinguished clearly by the early isolation of the landmass from the ancient supercontinent containing Africa and India, and by the island's late colonization by human settlers from the Sunda islands (Malay Archipelago) and from East Africa. These two factors facilitated the evolution and survival of thousands of endemic plant and animal species, some of which have gone extinct or are currently threatened with extinction due to the government not allocating resources to help the growing population, causing many people to resort to harmful environmental practices as a way of survival. Trade in the Indian Ocean at the time of first colonization of Madagascar was dominated by large ships, called Djong, coming from Java and Sumatra. Over the past two thousand years the island has received waves of settlers of diverse origins including Austronesian, Bantu, Arab, South Asian, Chinese and European. The majority of the population of Madagascar today is a mixture of Austronesian and Bantu settlers. Despite popular belief, there has been no genetic input from Arabs or Indians, although one tribe, the Antemoro, claims descent from Somali Arab traders. European and Middle eastern paternal ancestry is also present.	wiki-intro	0	[ 464, 2106, 286, 46694, 318, 18876, 4084, 416, 262, 1903, 15133, 286, 262, 1956, 22208, 422, 262, 6156, 2208, 3642, 7233, 7268, 5478, 290, 3794, 11, 290, 416, 262, 7022, 338, 2739, 40337, 416, 1692, 25371, 422, 262, 3309, 64, 14807, 357, 15029, 323, 5579, 40634, 3839, 8, 290, 422, 3687, 5478, 13, 220, 198, 4711, 734, 5087, 35923, 262, 6954, 290, 9441, 286, 4138, 286, 42560, 4618, 290, 5044, 4693, 11, 617, 286, 543, 423, 3750, 28881, 393, 389, 3058, 8556, 351, 21935, 2233, 284, 262, 1230, 407, 477, 27123, 4133, 284, 1037, 262, 3957, 3265, 11, 6666, 867, 661, 284, 12600, 284, 13568, 6142, 6593, 355, 257, 835, 286, 9441, 13, 198, 35965, 287, 262, 3942, 10692, 379, 262, 640, 286, 717, 40337, 286, 46694, 373, 13354, 416, 1588, 7937, 11, 1444, 19307, 506, 11, 2406, 422, 7349, 290, 5060, 26066, 13, 3827, 262, 1613, 734, 7319, 812, 262, 7022, 468, 2722, 9813, 286, 25371, 286, 10084, 15587, 1390, 2517, 9821, 666, 11, 347, 415, 84, 11, 4498, 11, 2520, 7740, 11, 3999, 290, 3427, 13, 383, 3741, 286, 262, 3265, 286, 46694, 1909, 318, 257, 11710, 286, 2517, 9821, 666, 290, 347, 415, 84, 25371, 13, 7945, 2968, 4901, 11, 612, 468, 587, 645, 8513, 5128, 422, 22457, 393, 12746, 11, 3584, 530, 14893, 11, 262, 3738, 368, 16522, 11, 3667, 18598, 422, 30886, 4498, 21703, 13, 3427, 290, 6046, 10183, 38082, 29171, 318, 635, 1944, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	18.65185
Why do most cakes and dessert recipes call for eggs? Almost every single cake/dessert recipe calls for egg! What's about eggs that makes them so essential. Explain like I' m five.	\nEggs are used in cakes and desserts for a few different reasons.\n\nFirst, eggs help to bind the ingredients together. This means that they help to hold the cake or dessert together and make it less crumbly.\n\nSecond, eggs add moisture to the recipe. This helps to make the cake or dessert softer and more tender.\n\nFinally, eggs also help to give cakes and desserts a nice, fluffy texture. This is because the proteins in eggs can trap air and create pockets of air in the mixture as it is being mixed and baked. These pockets of air help to lighten the texture of the finished product.\n\nSo, eggs are an important ingredient in many cakes and desserts because they help to create the right texture and structure for the finished product.	hc3-reddit_eli5	1	[ 59, 77, 36, 1130, 82, 389, 973, 287, 30849, 290, 47950, 329, 257, 1178, 1180, 3840, 13, 59, 77, 59, 77, 5962, 11, 9653, 1037, 284, 11007, 262, 9391, 1978, 13, 770, 1724, 326, 484, 1037, 284, 1745, 262, 12187, 393, 23084, 1978, 290, 787, 340, 1342, 1067, 2178, 306, 13, 59, 77, 59, 77, 12211, 11, 9653, 751, 20160, 284, 262, 8364, 13, 770, 5419, 284, 787, 262, 12187, 393, 23084, 32359, 290, 517, 15403, 13, 59, 77, 59, 77, 11158, 11, 9653, 635, 1037, 284, 1577, 30849, 290, 47950, 257, 3621, 11, 39145, 11743, 13, 770, 318, 780, 262, 15568, 287, 9653, 460, 12840, 1633, 290, 2251, 16511, 286, 1633, 287, 262, 11710, 355, 340, 318, 852, 7668, 290, 22979, 13, 2312, 16511, 286, 1633, 1037, 284, 1657, 268, 262, 11743, 286, 262, 5201, 1720, 13, 59, 77, 59, 77, 2396, 11, 9653, 389, 281, 1593, 18734, 287, 867, 30849, 290, 47950, 780, 484, 1037, 284, 2251, 262, 826, 11743, 290, 4645, 329, 262, 5201, 1720, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	5.236785
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Degrowth' Degrowth is a term used for	Degrowth is a term used for both a political, economic, and social movement as well as a set of theories that critiques the paradigm of economic growth. It is based on ideas from a diverse range of lines of thought such as political ecology, ecological economics, feminist political ecology, and environmental justice, pointing out the social and ecological harm caused by the pursuit of infinite growth and Western "development" imperatives. Degrowth emphasizes the need to reduce global consumption and production (social metabolism) and advocates a socially just and ecologically sustainable society with social and environmental well-being replacing GDP as the indicator of prosperity. Hence, although GDP is likely to shrink in a "Degrowth society", i.e. a society in which the objectives of the degrowth movement are achieved, this is not the primary objective of degrowth. Degrowth highlights the importance of autonomy, care work, self-organization, commons, community, open localism, work sharing, happiness and conviviality.	wiki-intro	0	[ 35, 1533, 13046, 220, 318, 257, 3381, 973, 329, 1111, 257, 1964, 11, 3034, 11, 290, 1919, 3356, 355, 880, 355, 257, 900, 286, 10946, 326, 44329, 262, 23457, 286, 3034, 3349, 13, 632, 318, 1912, 319, 4213, 422, 257, 10084, 2837, 286, 3951, 286, 1807, 884, 355, 1964, 36517, 11, 25047, 12446, 11, 14314, 1964, 36517, 11, 290, 6142, 5316, 11, 10609, 503, 262, 1919, 290, 25047, 4419, 4073, 416, 262, 14748, 286, 15541, 3349, 290, 4885, 366, 31267, 1, 11071, 2929, 13, 25905, 13046, 31648, 262, 761, 284, 4646, 3298, 7327, 290, 3227, 357, 14557, 20211, 8, 290, 11009, 257, 18118, 655, 290, 9940, 13437, 13347, 3592, 351, 1919, 290, 6142, 880, 12, 11873, 13586, 12396, 355, 262, 16916, 286, 19519, 13, 16227, 11, 3584, 12396, 318, 1884, 284, 22085, 287, 257, 366, 35, 1533, 13046, 3592, 1600, 1312, 13, 68, 13, 257, 3592, 287, 543, 262, 15221, 286, 262, 3396, 13046, 3356, 389, 8793, 11, 428, 318, 407, 262, 4165, 9432, 286, 3396, 13046, 13, 25905, 13046, 11330, 262, 6817, 286, 21851, 11, 1337, 670, 11, 2116, 12, 9971, 1634, 11, 36523, 11, 2055, 11, 1280, 1957, 1042, 11, 670, 7373, 11, 12157, 290, 3063, 452, 498, 414, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	19.059248
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Kwame Cavil' Kwame Cavil is a former gridiron football	Kwame Cavil is a former gridiron football wide receiver. College career Cavil played college football at the University of Texas at Austin from 1997 to 1999. In 1999, he set a school single-season record by recording 100 receptions. He was the first player ever to leave one of Mack Brown's Texas teams with college eligibility remaining. Cavil was suspended from the team prior to the bowl game in his junior year, for "violation of team rules." The nature of the violation was not specified by Brown, Cavil, or the university. It is uncertain if Cavil would have been welcomed back to the team for his senior season if he had not left early, but it was reported at the time that Brown says he never tells players what to do if they are considering entering the NFL draft early, implying that it was in fact an early departure for the draft. Cavil himself said "After great deliberation with my family, I have decided to forgo my final year of eligibility and go to the NFL," Cavil subsequently went undrafted.	wiki-intro	0	[ 42, 86, 480, 19931, 346, 318, 257, 1966, 10706, 1934, 4346, 3094, 9733, 13, 5535, 3451, 198, 34, 615, 346, 2826, 4152, 4346, 379, 262, 2059, 286, 3936, 379, 9533, 422, 8309, 284, 7358, 13, 554, 7358, 11, 339, 900, 257, 1524, 2060, 12, 6230, 1700, 416, 8296, 1802, 35401, 13, 679, 373, 262, 717, 2137, 1683, 284, 2666, 530, 286, 16640, 4373, 338, 3936, 3466, 351, 4152, 20069, 5637, 13, 19931, 346, 373, 9951, 422, 262, 1074, 3161, 284, 262, 9396, 983, 287, 465, 13430, 614, 11, 329, 366, 17069, 341, 286, 1074, 3173, 526, 383, 3450, 286, 262, 8747, 373, 407, 7368, 416, 4373, 11, 19931, 346, 11, 393, 262, 6403, 13, 632, 318, 8627, 611, 19931, 346, 561, 423, 587, 15846, 736, 284, 262, 1074, 329, 465, 4664, 1622, 611, 339, 550, 407, 1364, 1903, 11, 475, 340, 373, 2098, 379, 262, 640, 326, 4373, 1139, 339, 1239, 4952, 1938, 644, 284, 466, 611, 484, 389, 6402, 8218, 262, 5134, 4538, 1903, 11, 30253, 326, 340, 373, 287, 1109, 281, 1903, 12928, 329, 262, 4538, 13, 19931, 346, 2241, 531, 366, 3260, 1049, 8958, 341, 351, 616, 1641, 11, 314, 423, 3066, 284, 329, 2188, 616, 2457, 614, 286, 20069, 290, 467, 284, 262, 5134, 553, 19931, 346, 12412, 1816, 44178, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	11.812251
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Mysteries of Isis' The mysteries of Isis were religious initiation	The mysteries of Isis were religious initiation ceremonies of the ancient Egyptian goddess Isis. The mysteries of Isis were religious initiation ceremonies of the ancient Egyptian goddess Isis. They were performed by a select group of priests who were entrusted with the secrecy of these rites. The initiation ceremonies involved the candidate entering into a deep and spiritual union with Isis. The goal was to gain access to her divine power and wisdom.	wiki-intro	1	[ 464, 26045, 286, 16530, 547, 4158, 30122, 27340, 286, 262, 6156, 14075, 22215, 16530, 13, 198, 198, 464, 26045, 286, 16530, 547, 4158, 30122, 27340, 286, 262, 6156, 14075, 22215, 16530, 13, 1119, 547, 6157, 416, 257, 2922, 1448, 286, 17345, 508, 547, 37984, 351, 262, 22780, 286, 777, 41302, 13, 383, 30122, 27340, 2950, 262, 4540, 8218, 656, 257, 2769, 290, 8557, 6441, 351, 16530, 13, 383, 3061, 373, 284, 4461, 1895, 284, 607, 11871, 1176, 290, 11501, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	10.988472
Why do southern states freak out over a little snow? It snowed like 3 inches in NC and there were abandoned cars everywhere. Explain like I' m five.	Snow can be a big problem for some places, especially if they don't get very much of it and aren't used to dealing with it. When it snows, the roads can get slippery and harder to drive on, which can make it dangerous for people to be on the roads. Some places, like the southern states you mentioned, don't have a lot of snowplows or other equipment to clear the roads, so it can be difficult for people to get around. When people get scared or worried about the snow, they might decide not to drive or to stay home so they don't have to go out in it. This can lead to a lot of abandoned cars on the roads or people staying home and not being able to go to work or run errands.	hc3-reddit_eli5	1	[ 28974, 460, 307, 257, 1263, 1917, 329, 617, 4113, 11, 2592, 611, 484, 836, 470, 651, 845, 881, 286, 340, 290, 3588, 470, 973, 284, 7219, 351, 340, 13, 1649, 340, 3013, 1666, 11, 262, 9725, 460, 651, 32911, 290, 7069, 284, 3708, 319, 11, 543, 460, 787, 340, 4923, 329, 661, 284, 307, 319, 262, 9725, 13, 2773, 4113, 11, 588, 262, 8372, 2585, 345, 4750, 11, 836, 470, 423, 257, 1256, 286, 6729, 489, 1666, 393, 584, 5112, 284, 1598, 262, 9725, 11, 523, 340, 460, 307, 2408, 329, 661, 284, 651, 1088, 13, 1649, 661, 651, 12008, 393, 7960, 546, 262, 6729, 11, 484, 1244, 5409, 407, 284, 3708, 393, 284, 2652, 1363, 523, 484, 836, 470, 423, 284, 467, 503, 287, 340, 13, 770, 460, 1085, 284, 257, 1256, 286, 9958, 5006, 319, 262, 9725, 393, 661, 10589, 1363, 290, 407, 852, 1498, 284, 467, 284, 670, 393, 1057, 11454, 1746, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	6.898719
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Marysville Power Plant' The "Marysville Power Plant", "nicknamed the Mighty	The "Marysville Power Plant", "nicknamed the Mighty Marysville", "was a Coal-Fired Power Plant" "in Marysville, Michigan on the shore of the St. Clair River". "The plant was "imploded"? on November 7, 2015, after the land was sold to a developer". History of the Property The power plant was built on land that formerly housed a lumber mill. The mill was erected in 1690 and is claimed to be the first European settlement in present-day St. Clair County. In 1817 legislator, judge, and businessman Zephaniah W. Bunce came to the area. He named it "Bunceville" and the creek that ran through it "Bunce Creek". Bunceville, along with other small settlements along the St. Clair River would be consolidated into the community of Marysville in the late 1800s. The Bunce household was demolished for construction of the Power Plant and the creek was re-routed underneath the property. A rock and plaque mark the location of the Bunce homestead on the Detroit Edison property.	wiki-intro	0	[ 464, 366, 24119, 82, 4244, 4333, 16561, 1600, 366, 17172, 13190, 262, 25532, 5335, 82, 4244, 1600, 366, 9776, 257, 12896, 12, 37, 1202, 4333, 16561, 1, 366, 259, 5335, 82, 4244, 11, 7055, 319, 262, 15191, 286, 262, 520, 13, 48195, 5866, 1911, 366, 464, 4618, 373, 366, 23928, 9043, 13984, 319, 3389, 767, 11, 1853, 11, 706, 262, 1956, 373, 2702, 284, 257, 8517, 1911, 7443, 286, 262, 14161, 198, 464, 1176, 4618, 373, 3170, 319, 1956, 326, 15734, 23707, 257, 34840, 3939, 13, 383, 3939, 373, 28415, 287, 1467, 3829, 290, 318, 4752, 284, 307, 262, 717, 3427, 9443, 287, 1944, 12, 820, 520, 13, 48195, 3418, 13, 554, 1248, 1558, 44840, 11, 5052, 11, 290, 19834, 220, 1168, 27446, 5411, 71, 370, 13, 28515, 344, 1625, 284, 262, 1989, 13, 679, 3706, 340, 366, 33, 403, 344, 4244, 1, 290, 262, 39459, 326, 4966, 832, 340, 366, 33, 403, 344, 13509, 1911, 28515, 344, 4244, 11, 1863, 351, 584, 1402, 18573, 1863, 262, 520, 13, 48195, 5866, 561, 307, 27890, 656, 262, 2055, 286, 5335, 82, 4244, 287, 262, 2739, 21431, 82, 13, 383, 28515, 344, 6641, 373, 33359, 329, 5103, 286, 262, 4333, 16561, 290, 262, 39459, 373, 302, 12, 81, 18534, 14638, 262, 3119, 13, 317, 3881, 290, 35127, 1317, 262, 4067, 286, 262, 28515, 344, 3488, 37897, 319, 262, 8488, 37448, 3119, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	19.312391
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Fundación Chile' Fundación Chile (FCh) is a non profit	Fundación Chile (FCh) is a non profit corporation created in 1976 through a joint agreement between the Chilean government and ITT Corporation. It is essentially a technological do tank that has worked successfully to foster Chilean business and industry growth through technological innovation and implementation. Projects Fundacion Chile's most notable success has been in the salmon farming industry. FCh is widely credited with turning Chile (a country with no native salmon population) into the world's second largest salmon producer. They have done this through a number of different business ventures. FCh has worked with the public Chilean school system to create EducarChile, an internet portal which has become a pillar of the national school system and the 7th most visited site in Chile. FCh has worked with the competences of employment of people to create an internet portal which has become the first observatory of labor market movements in Chile. They also have a special program to train people in employment skills with a constructivist methodology.	wiki-intro	0	[ 24553, 32009, 18840, 17456, 357, 37, 1925, 8, 318, 257, 1729, 7630, 12017, 2727, 287, 15408, 832, 257, 6466, 4381, 1022, 262, 48014, 1230, 290, 7283, 51, 10501, 13, 632, 318, 6986, 257, 14614, 466, 6873, 326, 468, 3111, 7675, 284, 17016, 48014, 1597, 290, 2831, 3349, 832, 14614, 11044, 290, 7822, 13, 29898, 198, 7557, 49443, 17456, 338, 749, 12411, 1943, 468, 587, 287, 262, 24535, 16035, 2831, 13, 376, 1925, 318, 6768, 18141, 351, 6225, 17456, 357, 64, 1499, 351, 645, 6868, 24535, 3265, 8, 656, 262, 995, 338, 1218, 4387, 24535, 9920, 13, 1119, 423, 1760, 428, 832, 257, 1271, 286, 1180, 1597, 33787, 13, 198, 376, 1925, 468, 3111, 351, 262, 1171, 48014, 1524, 1080, 284, 2251, 7005, 283, 1925, 576, 11, 281, 5230, 17898, 543, 468, 1716, 257, 30042, 286, 262, 2260, 1524, 1080, 290, 262, 767, 400, 749, 8672, 2524, 287, 17456, 13, 198, 376, 1925, 468, 3111, 351, 262, 2307, 3007, 286, 7184, 286, 661, 284, 2251, 281, 5230, 17898, 543, 468, 1716, 262, 717, 3799, 2870, 286, 4827, 1910, 8650, 287, 17456, 13, 1119, 635, 423, 257, 2041, 1430, 284, 4512, 661, 287, 7184, 4678, 351, 257, 5678, 30944, 20411, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	28.457529
Why are most vegetarians perfectly ok with eating cheese when a large variety are made with rennet? (An enzyme extracted from the stomach of a calf.) This has always bothered me just a little. Explain like I' m five.	Many vegetarians choose animal-rennet-free cheese. Most types of cheese have alternatives made with vegetarian rennet. Many vegetarians don't know what animal rennet is, so don't know that animals are slaughtered to make the cheese they're eating. Many of the people in said group would make alternative choices if they were aware that cheese is made from animal rennet. Rennet can also be made from [vegetables] (URL_ 0) > Commercial vegetable rennet is often extracted from a mold called mucor miehei. Vegetable rennet is used by vegetarian cheese makers to avoid adding rennet made from animal parts. Some vegetarians are unaware that there is rennet in the cheese or what that is. Being a vegetarian doesn't mean you're educated.	hc3-reddit_eli5	0	[ 7085, 7494, 13517, 3853, 5044, 12, 918, 3262, 12, 5787, 9891, 13, 4042, 3858, 286, 9891, 423, 14693, 925, 351, 24053, 8851, 3262, 13, 4650, 7494, 13517, 836, 470, 760, 644, 5044, 8851, 3262, 318, 11, 523, 836, 470, 760, 326, 4695, 389, 33850, 284, 787, 262, 9891, 484, 821, 6600, 13, 4650, 286, 262, 661, 287, 531, 1448, 561, 787, 5559, 7747, 611, 484, 547, 3910, 326, 9891, 318, 925, 422, 5044, 8851, 3262, 13, 371, 1697, 316, 460, 635, 307, 925, 422, 685, 303, 1136, 2977, 60, 357, 21886, 62, 657, 8, 1875, 22724, 20236, 8851, 3262, 318, 1690, 21242, 422, 257, 15936, 1444, 30322, 273, 285, 494, 27392, 13, 23892, 540, 8851, 3262, 318, 973, 416, 24053, 9891, 14429, 284, 3368, 4375, 8851, 3262, 925, 422, 5044, 3354, 13, 2773, 7494, 13517, 389, 17261, 326, 612, 318, 8851, 3262, 287, 262, 9891, 393, 644, 326, 318, 13, 11204, 257, 24053, 1595, 470, 1612, 345, 821, 15657, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	19.710953
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Justseeds' Justseeds Artists' Cooperative is a decentralized, worker-owned	Justseeds Artists' Cooperative is a decentralized, worker-owned cooperative of thirty artists throughout North America. Justseeds members primarily produce handmade prints and publications which are distributed through their website and at conferences and events related to social and environmental movements. Members also work individually as graphic designers for and within a broad swath of social and environmental activist causes in the U.S., Canada, and Mexico. As a collective body, Justseeds has produced several gallery exhibitions of both print work and collaborative sculptural installation. History Justseeds was founded in 1998 by member Josh MacPhee as an internet-based store and distribution point for graphics that MacPhee, his friends, and associated groups were producing. Following the 2006 collapse of Clamor magazine, which was then handling Justseeds mail-order distribution, MacPhee sought to organize several artists with which he already had a working relationship into a cooperative entity that would expand to include other artists with equal stakes in the new project. Originally launched as Justseeds/Visual Resistance Collective in 2007, the name has since been shortened to Justseeds Artists’ Cooperative.	wiki-intro	0	[ 5703, 325, 5379, 37599, 6, 43457, 318, 257, 26512, 11, 8383, 12, 11990, 22849, 286, 12277, 7912, 3690, 2258, 2253, 13, 2329, 325, 5379, 1866, 7525, 4439, 40973, 20842, 290, 16125, 543, 389, 9387, 832, 511, 3052, 290, 379, 19993, 290, 2995, 3519, 284, 1919, 290, 6142, 8650, 13, 12688, 635, 670, 17033, 355, 13028, 15441, 329, 290, 1626, 257, 3154, 50176, 286, 1919, 290, 6142, 11276, 5640, 287, 262, 471, 13, 50, 1539, 3340, 11, 290, 5828, 13, 1081, 257, 10098, 1767, 11, 2329, 325, 5379, 468, 4635, 1811, 15604, 48130, 286, 1111, 3601, 670, 290, 25408, 14747, 1523, 9988, 13, 7443, 198, 5703, 325, 5379, 373, 9393, 287, 7795, 416, 2888, 8518, 4100, 47, 21067, 355, 281, 5230, 12, 3106, 3650, 290, 6082, 966, 329, 9382, 326, 4100, 47, 21067, 11, 465, 2460, 11, 290, 3917, 2628, 547, 9194, 13, 14207, 262, 4793, 9807, 286, 1012, 321, 273, 7093, 11, 543, 373, 788, 9041, 2329, 325, 5379, 6920, 12, 2875, 6082, 11, 4100, 47, 21067, 7194, 284, 16481, 1811, 7912, 351, 543, 339, 1541, 550, 257, 1762, 2776, 656, 257, 22849, 9312, 326, 561, 4292, 284, 2291, 584, 7912, 351, 4961, 21147, 287, 262, 649, 1628, 13, 19486, 5611, 355, 2329, 325, 5379, 14, 36259, 17363, 29128, 287, 4343, 11, 262, 1438, 468, 1201, 587, 34464, 284, 2329, 325, 5379, 37599, 447, 247, 43457, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	31.244049
Why can large files like video games be stored and used on a single disc while presumably much smaller things like seasons of shows take multiple discs just thinking, after buying all of A: TLA Please explain like I' m five.	You could actually fit more than 3 episodes of Seinfeld on a DVD if you wanted-they can easily take a full 4 hours of video. It's just that the companies selling the DVDs would rather place them on more discs so that customers don't feel like they're getting ripped off spending $60 on content that had already aired on TV for free. You also need to consider that DVD compression is going to be * far * less efficient than the compression you're used to seeing if you download shows from pirate sites. Pirates are using modern video codecs that expect to have powerful CPUs to play them back. The video compression in the DVD standard is based on the capabilities of 1995-era embedded processors. 20 years of improvements in CPU power & algorithms makes a big difference. I don't think the other answers capture the main difference at all. In a recording of a TV show or movie, what the disc is storing is every single frame of video, at 30 fps. That adds up fast. In a video game, every frame you see is dynamically rendered in 3-D. The data to generate each character, each building, etc. may be large-but it doesn't take any extra disk space to redraw those characters in each new position, from every angle-that's all rendered on the fly. Because shows aren't small. A good quality video can easily push over a gig per hour of play, plus the menus and extras and commentary and all the other useless shit, those discs fill up fast.	hc3-reddit_eli5	0	[ 1639, 714, 1682, 4197, 517, 621, 513, 8640, 286, 1001, 47187, 319, 257, 12490, 611, 345, 2227, 12, 9930, 460, 3538, 1011, 257, 1336, 604, 2250, 286, 2008, 13, 632, 338, 655, 326, 262, 2706, 6301, 262, 35962, 561, 2138, 1295, 606, 319, 517, 31014, 523, 326, 4297, 836, 470, 1254, 588, 484, 821, 1972, 19551, 572, 4581, 720, 1899, 319, 2695, 326, 550, 1541, 18530, 319, 3195, 329, 1479, 13, 921, 635, 761, 284, 2074, 326, 12490, 19794, 318, 1016, 284, 307, 1635, 1290, 1635, 1342, 6942, 621, 262, 19794, 345, 821, 973, 284, 4379, 611, 345, 4321, 2523, 422, 25868, 5043, 13, 20169, 389, 1262, 3660, 2008, 40481, 82, 326, 1607, 284, 423, 3665, 32340, 284, 711, 606, 736, 13, 383, 2008, 19794, 287, 262, 12490, 3210, 318, 1912, 319, 262, 9889, 286, 8735, 12, 8607, 14553, 20399, 13, 1160, 812, 286, 8561, 287, 9135, 1176, 1222, 16113, 1838, 257, 1263, 3580, 13, 314, 836, 470, 892, 262, 584, 7429, 8006, 262, 1388, 3580, 379, 477, 13, 554, 257, 8296, 286, 257, 3195, 905, 393, 3807, 11, 644, 262, 1221, 318, 23069, 318, 790, 2060, 5739, 286, 2008, 11, 379, 1542, 32977, 13, 1320, 6673, 510, 3049, 13, 554, 257, 2008, 983, 11, 790, 5739, 345, 766, 318, 32366, 15111, 287, 513, 12, 35, 13, 383, 1366, 284, 7716, 1123, 2095, 11, 1123, 2615, 11, 3503, 13, 743, 307, 1588, 12, 4360, 340, 1595, 470, 1011, 597, 3131, 11898, 2272, 284, 2266, 1831, 883, 3435, 287, 1123, 649, 2292, 11, 422, 790, 9848, 12, 5562, 338, 477, 15111, 319, 262, 6129, 13, 4362, 2523, 3588, 470, 1402, 13, 317, 922, 3081, 2008, 460, 3538, 4574, 625, 257, 12526, 583, 1711, 286, 711, 11, 5556, 262, 26798, 290, 33849, 290, 14604, 290, 477, 262, 584, 13894, 7510, 11, 883, 31014, 6070, 510, 3049, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	32.049583
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Runggye Adak' Runggye Adak (also Rongye Adak, Runggye Adrak,	Runggye Adak (also Rongye Adak, Runggye Adrak, etc.) is a Tibetan man who was arrested and charged with state subversion against the People's Republic of China after making a series of public political statements at a festival in eastern Tibet, on August 1, 2007. Runggye Adak, said to be a respected local figure and the father of eleven, is a native of Yonru Kharshul, a village near Lithang in the predominantly Tibetan region of Kham. He seized the microphone during a speech at a horse-racing festival in Lithang, and proceeded to call for the return of the Dalai Lama and the release of Gedhun Choekyi Nyima, the present Dalai Lama's candidate for Panchen Lama, and of Tenzin Delek, a lama from Lithang who was sentenced to life in prison for alleged involvement in terrorism, and the independence of Tibet. Runggye Adak was detained shortly thereafter. A spontaneous protest of local people demanding his release lasted several days before being dispersed under threat by riot police.	wiki-intro	0	[ 10987, 1130, 5948, 1215, 461, 357, 14508, 371, 506, 5948, 1215, 461, 11, 5660, 1130, 5948, 1215, 17716, 11, 3503, 2014, 318, 257, 31877, 582, 508, 373, 5169, 290, 5047, 351, 1181, 850, 9641, 1028, 262, 4380, 338, 2066, 286, 2807, 706, 1642, 257, 2168, 286, 1171, 1964, 6299, 379, 257, 10876, 287, 10183, 18910, 11, 319, 2932, 352, 11, 4343, 13, 5660, 1130, 5948, 1215, 461, 11, 531, 284, 307, 257, 14462, 1957, 3785, 290, 262, 2988, 286, 22216, 11, 318, 257, 6868, 286, 46340, 622, 5311, 5406, 377, 11, 257, 7404, 1474, 19730, 648, 287, 262, 20736, 31877, 3814, 286, 45159, 13, 679, 12000, 262, 21822, 1141, 257, 4046, 379, 257, 8223, 12, 81, 4092, 10876, 287, 19730, 648, 11, 290, 18814, 284, 869, 329, 262, 1441, 286, 262, 41180, 36187, 290, 262, 2650, 286, 402, 276, 20088, 10031, 988, 48111, 17735, 8083, 11, 262, 1944, 41180, 36187, 338, 4540, 329, 49957, 831, 36187, 11, 290, 286, 9368, 42140, 42226, 74, 11, 257, 300, 1689, 422, 19730, 648, 508, 373, 11897, 284, 1204, 287, 3770, 329, 4260, 9750, 287, 8649, 11, 290, 262, 10404, 286, 18910, 13, 5660, 1130, 5948, 1215, 461, 373, 14847, 8972, 19547, 13, 317, 25319, 5402, 286, 1957, 661, 11334, 465, 2650, 15436, 1811, 1528, 878, 852, 34646, 739, 2372, 416, 16352, 1644, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	17.408974
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'R'cif Mosque' The R'cif Mosque (; also transliterated as	The R'cif Mosque (; also transliterated as Rif Mosque) is a mosque in Rabat, Morocco. It is located in the medina of Rabat, close to the Koutoubia Mosque. The mosque was built in the 12th century and is one of the most important mosques in Rabat. It is also one of the oldest mosques in Morocco. The R'cif Mosque was commissioned by Almohad Caliph Abderrahman III, who had it built on the site of a former synagogue. The mosque was renovated in the 15th century by Marinid ruler Abu Yusuf Yaqub ibn Tashfin. The current structure dates from 1881-1883, during the rule of Mohammed V. It is considered to be one of the finest examples of Moroccan Mamluk architecture. The R'cif Mosque is also known for its minaret, which is one of the tallest in Morocco.	wiki-intro	1	[ 464, 371, 6, 66, 361, 42825, 357, 26, 635, 4779, 2676, 515, 355, 371, 361, 42825, 8, 318, 257, 18575, 287, 28559, 265, 11, 29638, 13, 632, 318, 5140, 287, 262, 1117, 1437, 286, 28559, 265, 11, 1969, 284, 262, 509, 448, 12944, 544, 42825, 13, 383, 18575, 373, 3170, 287, 262, 1105, 400, 4289, 290, 318, 530, 286, 262, 749, 1593, 32240, 287, 28559, 265, 13, 632, 318, 635, 530, 286, 262, 13325, 32240, 287, 29638, 13, 198, 198, 464, 371, 6, 66, 361, 42825, 373, 20462, 416, 25009, 1219, 324, 2199, 13323, 2275, 1082, 11392, 805, 6711, 11, 508, 550, 340, 3170, 319, 262, 2524, 286, 257, 1966, 41953, 13, 383, 18575, 373, 46353, 287, 262, 1315, 400, 4289, 416, 36384, 312, 22740, 13098, 41749, 3046, 26421, 421, 65, 47160, 309, 1077, 15643, 13, 383, 1459, 4645, 9667, 422, 1248, 6659, 12, 1507, 5999, 11, 1141, 262, 3896, 286, 19773, 569, 13, 632, 318, 3177, 284, 307, 530, 286, 262, 18822, 6096, 286, 49323, 29926, 2290, 74, 10959, 13, 198, 198, 464, 371, 6, 66, 361, 42825, 318, 635, 1900, 329, 663, 949, 8984, 11, 543, 318, 530, 286, 262, 38760, 287, 29638, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	5.532305
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'The Submarines' The Submarines are an American indie rock	The Submarines are an American indie rock band from Los Angeles formed in 2006. Band history Working as solo artists in Boston, the two members of the band, John Dragonetti and Blake Hazard, were introduced through a mutual friend, Joe Klompus. Dragonetti and Hazard formed a romantic and musical partnership, then took their show to Europe. The relationship lasted for four years, but ended in the fall of 2004 when the pair moved to L.A. After the break-up, both Hazard and Dragonetti continued writing songs, and because Hazard still recorded her music in Dragonetti's home studio, the pair quickly discovered the songs they had written were about each other and their sadness in having broken up. They decided to work on a few songs together and eventually got back together, and married. The new songs were mastered for the couple as a wedding present, and those tracks eventually became their first album. Hazard has said of the relationship, "It’s hard, definitely hard. Luckily we are like-minded aesthetically and musically." Declare a New State!, The Submarines' first album was released in 2006 on the Nettwerk label.	wiki-intro	0	[ 464, 3834, 3876, 1127, 389, 281, 1605, 19907, 3881, 4097, 422, 5401, 5652, 7042, 287, 4793, 13, 10243, 2106, 198, 28516, 355, 12199, 7912, 287, 6182, 11, 262, 734, 1866, 286, 262, 4097, 11, 1757, 2851, 24851, 290, 13307, 32224, 11, 547, 5495, 832, 257, 13584, 1545, 11, 5689, 14770, 3361, 385, 13, 2851, 24851, 290, 32224, 7042, 257, 14348, 290, 10530, 10413, 11, 788, 1718, 511, 905, 284, 2031, 13, 383, 2776, 15436, 329, 1440, 812, 11, 475, 4444, 287, 262, 2121, 286, 5472, 618, 262, 5166, 3888, 284, 406, 13, 32, 13, 2293, 262, 2270, 12, 929, 11, 1111, 32224, 290, 2851, 24851, 3767, 3597, 7259, 11, 290, 780, 32224, 991, 6264, 607, 2647, 287, 2851, 24851, 338, 1363, 8034, 11, 262, 5166, 2952, 5071, 262, 7259, 484, 550, 3194, 547, 546, 1123, 584, 290, 511, 25303, 287, 1719, 5445, 510, 13, 1119, 3066, 284, 670, 319, 257, 1178, 7259, 1978, 290, 4191, 1392, 736, 1978, 11, 290, 6405, 13, 383, 649, 7259, 547, 33626, 329, 262, 3155, 355, 257, 10614, 1944, 11, 290, 883, 8339, 4191, 2627, 511, 717, 5062, 13, 32224, 468, 531, 286, 262, 2776, 11, 366, 1026, 447, 247, 82, 1327, 11, 4753, 1327, 13, 24262, 356, 389, 588, 12, 14543, 14606, 31786, 290, 1928, 1146, 526, 16691, 533, 257, 968, 1812, 28265, 383, 3834, 3876, 1127, 6, 717, 5062, 373, 2716, 287, 4793, 319, 262, 399, 3087, 86, 9587, 6167, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	22.119122
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Janićije Đurić' Janićije Dimitrijević Đurić, also spelled Janićije Djurić,	Janićije Dimitrijević Đurić, also spelled Janićije Djurić, (Stragari near Kragujevac, 1779 - Stragari near Kragujevac, 14 April 1850) was the secretary of Karađorđe Petrović, a member of the Governing State Council and the president of the Court of Appeals. Karađorđe's secretary Janićije Đurić was born in 1779 in Stragari in the Kragujevac nahiye. He was a friend of Tanasko Rajić when his sister Perunika married. He was educated in the monastery of the Annunciation in Rudnik. He joined the insurgents at the very beginning of the First Serbian Uprising in 1804.When Tanasko Rajić heard about the upcoming Orašac Assembly, he took his men and Janićije Đurić and went to the Stragari han (inn) where they killed the innkeeper (hanadžija) and razed the inn to the ground. Janićije Đurić participated in the Orašac Assembly on 14 February 1804.Karađorđe was elected supreme leader (Vožd), and Janićije Đurić was elected his secretary, which he remained until the collapse of the First Serbian Uprising. He immediately wrote nine letters in Orašac, in which Karađorđe called on important people to join the insurrection against the occupying forces. He had a family relationship with Karađorđe [5] and had a great influence on him.Karađorđe used to call him "Janja" (instead of Janićije).	wiki-intro	0	[ 41, 3216, 38325, 2926, 68, 14048, 49510, 73, 1990, 72, 38325, 34754, 238, 9900, 38325, 11, 635, 32213, 2365, 72, 38325, 2926, 68, 19307, 9900, 38325, 11, 357, 13290, 363, 2743, 1474, 13685, 11433, 73, 1990, 330, 11, 1596, 3720, 532, 4285, 363, 2743, 1474, 13685, 11433, 73, 1990, 330, 11, 1478, 3035, 35745, 8, 373, 262, 7705, 286, 34856, 128, 239, 273, 128, 239, 68, 36863, 8903, 38325, 11, 257, 2888, 286, 262, 1514, 13974, 1812, 4281, 290, 262, 1893, 286, 262, 3078, 286, 20172, 13, 34856, 128, 239, 273, 128, 239, 68, 338, 7705, 198, 41, 3216, 38325, 2926, 68, 34754, 238, 9900, 38325, 373, 4642, 287, 1596, 3720, 287, 4285, 363, 2743, 287, 262, 13685, 11433, 73, 1990, 330, 299, 32810, 5948, 13, 679, 373, 257, 1545, 286, 11818, 2093, 78, 13308, 72, 38325, 618, 465, 6621, 2448, 403, 9232, 6405, 13, 198, 1544, 373, 15657, 287, 262, 38139, 286, 262, 5506, 24978, 287, 17421, 17187, 13, 220, 679, 5399, 262, 31622, 379, 262, 845, 3726, 286, 262, 3274, 39619, 471, 14619, 287, 1248, 3023, 13, 2215, 11818, 2093, 78, 13308, 72, 38325, 2982, 546, 262, 7865, 440, 430, 32790, 330, 10006, 11, 339, 1718, 465, 1450, 290, 2365, 72, 38325, 2926, 68, 34754, 238, 9900, 38325, 290, 1816, 284, 262, 4285, 363, 2743, 289, 272, 357, 3732, 8, 810, 484, 2923, 262, 3527, 13884, 357, 7637, 324, 129, 122, 34655, 8, 290, 374, 13865, 262, 3527, 284, 262, 2323, 13, 2365, 72, 38325, 2926, 68, 34754, 238, 9900, 38325, 14888, 287, 262, 440, 430, 32790, 330, 10006, 319, 1478, 3945, 1248, 3023, 13, 42, 3301, 128, 239, 273, 128, 239, 68, 373, 7018, 17700, 3554, 357, 42144, 129, 122, 67, 828, 290, 2365, 72, 38325, 2926, 68, 34754, 238, 9900, 38325, 373, 7018, 465, 7705, 11, 543, 339, 6150, 1566, 262, 9807, 286, 262, 3274, 39619, 471, 14619, 13, 220, 679, 3393, 2630, 5193, 7475, 287, 440, 430, 32790, 330, 11, 287, 543, 34856, 128, 239, 273, 128, 239, 68, 1444, 319, 1593, 661, 284, 4654, 262, 47376, 1028, 262, 30876, 3386, 13, 220, 679, 550, 257, 1641, 2776, 351, 34856, 128, 239, 273, 128, 239, 68, 685, 20, 60, 290, 550, 257, 1049, 4588, 319, 683, 13, 42, 3301, 128, 239, 273, 128, 239, 68, 973, 284, 869, 683, 366, 12128, 6592, 1, 357, 38070, 286, 2365, 72, 38325, 2926, 68, 737, 220 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	17.313011
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Mexico City Marathon' The Mexico City Marathon is an	The Mexico City Marathon is an annual marathon race that takes place in the Mexican capital of Mexico City. The race was first staged in 1970 and has been held annually since then, with the exception of 1978 and 1979 when it was cancelled due to political unrest. The Mexico City Marathon is one of the oldest and most prestigious marathons in the world, and is also considered to be one of the most challenging.	wiki-intro	1	[ 464, 5828, 2254, 24828, 220, 318, 281, 5079, 22336, 3234, 326, 2753, 1295, 287, 262, 10816, 3139, 286, 5828, 2254, 13, 383, 3234, 373, 717, 23393, 287, 8069, 290, 468, 587, 2714, 13844, 1201, 788, 11, 351, 262, 6631, 286, 15524, 290, 13521, 618, 340, 373, 16769, 2233, 284, 1964, 17093, 13, 383, 5828, 2254, 24828, 318, 530, 286, 262, 13325, 290, 749, 23566, 1667, 776, 684, 287, 262, 995, 11, 290, 318, 635, 3177, 284, 307, 530, 286, 262, 749, 9389, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	5.605799
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'SS Comet' SS Comet may also refer to one	SS Comet may also refer to one of two German ocean liners: SS "Comet" (1911-1920), a steel-hulled passenger liner that served as Germany's first transatlantic ocean liner SS "Comet" (1935-1943), a Type C3 cargo ship that was sunk in World War II	wiki-intro	1	[ 5432, 36238, 743, 635, 3522, 284, 530, 286, 734, 2679, 9151, 9493, 364, 25, 220, 198, 198, 5432, 366, 34, 908, 1, 357, 1129, 1157, 12, 40454, 828, 257, 7771, 12, 71, 724, 276, 11849, 35940, 326, 4983, 355, 4486, 338, 717, 1007, 43342, 9151, 35940, 198, 5432, 366, 34, 908, 1, 357, 1129, 2327, 12, 1129, 3559, 828, 257, 5994, 327, 18, 15892, 4074, 326, 373, 24790, 287, 2159, 1810, 2873, 628 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	23.917288
How are the clicky tops which let you know the drink has been open made on bottles? Are the drinks bottled in a high pressure factory or something? I didn't know what to google exactly... Sorry!. Explain like I' m five.	The clicky tops that let you know when a drink has been opened are called "tamper-evident caps" or "tamper-evident seals." These caps are typically made from plastic and have a small, thin tab or "flange" that sticks out from the top of the cap. When the cap is first put on the bottle, the flange is pressed down and becomes flush with the rest of the cap. If the cap is then opened, the flange will pop back up, letting you know that the bottle has been opened. To make these tamper-evident caps, plastic pellets are melted and molded into the desired shape using a machine called an injection molding machine. The molded caps are then cooled and removed from the mold, and the flange is added. The caps are then inspected to make sure they are free of defects, and they are packed into boxes and shipped to bottling plants. The bottles themselves are usually made of glass or plastic and are made using a different process called blow molding. In this process, hot, molten plastic is poured into a mold and then inflated with air to form the shape of the bottle. The bottles are then cooled and removed from the mold. The drinks are usually bottled at a bottling plant, not a high pressure factory. The bottling process involves filling the bottles with the drink using a filling machine, and then sealing the bottles with the tamper-evident caps. The bottles are then inspected, labeled, and packed into boxes or onto pallets for shipping.	hc3-reddit_eli5	1	[ 464, 3904, 88, 21246, 326, 1309, 345, 760, 618, 257, 4144, 468, 587, 4721, 389, 1444, 366, 83, 321, 525, 12, 1990, 738, 11022, 1, 393, 366, 83, 321, 525, 12, 1990, 738, 29718, 526, 2312, 11022, 389, 6032, 925, 422, 7309, 290, 423, 257, 1402, 11, 7888, 7400, 393, 366, 2704, 858, 1, 326, 16461, 503, 422, 262, 1353, 286, 262, 1451, 13, 1649, 262, 1451, 318, 717, 1234, 319, 262, 9294, 11, 262, 781, 858, 318, 12070, 866, 290, 4329, 24773, 351, 262, 1334, 286, 262, 1451, 13, 1002, 262, 1451, 318, 788, 4721, 11, 262, 781, 858, 481, 1461, 736, 510, 11, 9616, 345, 760, 326, 262, 9294, 468, 587, 4721, 13, 201, 198, 201, 198, 2514, 787, 777, 21885, 525, 12, 1990, 738, 11022, 11, 7309, 43677, 389, 24178, 290, 46725, 656, 262, 10348, 5485, 1262, 257, 4572, 1444, 281, 16954, 15936, 278, 4572, 13, 383, 46725, 11022, 389, 788, 32162, 290, 4615, 422, 262, 15936, 11, 290, 262, 781, 858, 318, 2087, 13, 383, 11022, 389, 788, 34295, 284, 787, 1654, 484, 389, 1479, 286, 22448, 11, 290, 484, 389, 11856, 656, 10559, 290, 14338, 284, 3005, 1359, 6134, 13, 201, 198, 201, 198, 464, 14096, 2405, 389, 3221, 925, 286, 5405, 393, 7309, 290, 389, 925, 1262, 257, 1180, 1429, 1444, 6611, 15936, 278, 13, 554, 428, 1429, 11, 3024, 11, 44030, 7309, 318, 19036, 656, 257, 15936, 290, 788, 32387, 351, 1633, 284, 1296, 262, 5485, 286, 262, 9294, 13, 383, 14096, 389, 788, 32162, 290, 4615, 422, 262, 15936, 13, 201, 198, 201, 198, 464, 11758, 389, 3221, 34123, 379, 257, 3005, 1359, 4618, 11, 407, 257, 1029, 3833, 8860, 13, 383, 3005, 1359, 1429, 9018, 12591, 262, 14096, 351, 262, 4144, 1262, 257, 12591, 4572, 11, 290, 788, 38689, 262, 14096, 351, 262, 21885, 525, 12, 1990, 738, 11022, 13, 383, 14096, 389, 788, 34295, 11, 15494, 11, 290, 11856, 656, 10559, 393, 4291, 6340, 5289, 329, 8440, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	15.867019
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Allianz Arena' Allianz Arena (; known as Fußball Arena	Allianz Arena (; known as Fußball Arena München for UEFA competitions) is a football stadium in Munich, Bavaria, Germany with a 70,000 seating capacity for international matches and 75,000 for domestic matches. Widely known for its exterior of inflated ETFE plastic panels, it is the first stadium in the world with a full colour changing exterior. Located at 25 Werner-Heisenberg-Allee at the northern edge of Munich's Schwabing-Freimann borough on the Fröttmaning Heath, it is the second-largest arena in Germany behind Westfalenstadion in Dortmund. FC Bayern Munich has played its home games at the Allianz Arena since the start of the 2005–06 season. The club had previously played their home games at the Munich Olympic Stadium since 1972. 1860 Munich previously had a 50% share in the stadium, but Bayern Munich purchased their shares for €11 million in April 2006 due to 1860 Munich suffering from financial issues. The arrangement allowed 1860 Munich to play at the stadium while retaining no ownership until 2025. However, in July 2017 Bayern terminated the rental contract with 1860, making themselves the sole tenants of the stadium.	wiki-intro	0	[ 3237, 666, 89, 10937, 357, 26, 1900, 355, 13333, 39683, 1894, 10937, 40790, 77, 6607, 329, 40858, 24174, 8, 318, 257, 4346, 10308, 287, 22418, 11, 37313, 10312, 11, 4486, 351, 257, 4317, 11, 830, 24800, 5339, 329, 3230, 7466, 290, 5441, 11, 830, 329, 5928, 7466, 13, 23399, 306, 1900, 329, 663, 20897, 286, 32387, 31112, 36, 7309, 13043, 11, 340, 318, 262, 717, 10308, 287, 262, 995, 351, 257, 1336, 9568, 5609, 20897, 13, 40764, 379, 1679, 48642, 12, 1544, 13254, 3900, 12, 2348, 7197, 379, 262, 7840, 5743, 286, 22418, 338, 20469, 397, 278, 12, 20366, 320, 1236, 33534, 319, 262, 1305, 9101, 926, 805, 278, 25846, 11, 340, 318, 262, 1218, 12, 28209, 13478, 287, 4486, 2157, 2688, 42932, 268, 24107, 295, 287, 36888, 13, 10029, 30683, 22418, 468, 2826, 663, 1363, 1830, 379, 262, 1439, 666, 89, 10937, 1201, 262, 923, 286, 262, 5075, 1906, 3312, 1622, 13, 383, 3430, 550, 4271, 2826, 511, 1363, 1830, 379, 262, 22418, 11514, 10499, 1201, 16101, 13, 37637, 22418, 4271, 550, 257, 2026, 4, 2648, 287, 262, 10308, 11, 475, 30683, 22418, 8155, 511, 7303, 329, 10432, 1157, 1510, 287, 3035, 4793, 2233, 284, 37637, 22418, 7195, 422, 3176, 2428, 13, 383, 13888, 3142, 37637, 22418, 284, 711, 379, 262, 10308, 981, 26645, 645, 9238, 1566, 32190, 13, 2102, 11, 287, 2901, 2177, 30683, 23083, 262, 14447, 2775, 351, 37637, 11, 1642, 2405, 262, 6195, 21445, 286, 262, 10308, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	15.328893
Why does a candle go out when I blow on it? I guess it's something I've never thought about. Please explain like I' m five.	When you blow on a candle the movement of the air across the wick removes the heat from the flame. This prevents the wax from reaching the temperature it needs to be at to burn and so puts out the fire. There's something called the [fire triangle] (URL_ 0) (simple wikipedia) that describes what a fire needs: heat, fuel and oxygen. When you blow on the candle hard enough you remove enough heat for the fire to go out because you remove one part of the fire triangle. A fire needs three things to keep burning: fuel, oxygen, and heat. When you blow on a candle, you blow all the hot air away from the wick. Without heat, it can't stay burning.	hc3-reddit_eli5	0	[ 2215, 345, 6611, 319, 257, 26839, 262, 3356, 286, 262, 1633, 1973, 262, 266, 624, 20694, 262, 4894, 422, 262, 16506, 13, 770, 15174, 262, 20302, 422, 8978, 262, 5951, 340, 2476, 284, 307, 379, 284, 4245, 290, 523, 7584, 503, 262, 2046, 13, 1318, 338, 1223, 1444, 262, 685, 6495, 22950, 60, 357, 21886, 62, 657, 8, 357, 36439, 47145, 11151, 8, 326, 8477, 644, 257, 2046, 2476, 25, 4894, 11, 5252, 290, 11863, 13, 1649, 345, 6611, 319, 262, 26839, 1327, 1576, 345, 4781, 1576, 4894, 329, 262, 2046, 284, 467, 503, 780, 345, 4781, 530, 636, 286, 262, 2046, 22950, 13, 317, 2046, 2476, 1115, 1243, 284, 1394, 9482, 25, 5252, 11, 11863, 11, 290, 4894, 13, 1649, 345, 6611, 319, 257, 26839, 11, 345, 6611, 477, 262, 3024, 1633, 1497, 422, 262, 266, 624, 13, 9170, 4894, 11, 340, 460, 470, 2652, 9482, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	13.623733
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'A303 road' The A303 is a trunk road in	The A303 is a trunk road in southern England that runs from the A303 junction with the A30 at Amesbury in Wiltshire to the A30 junction with the M3 motorway at Chertsey in Surrey. The A303 is a major route in south-west England, linking major towns and cities including Amesbury, Salisbury, Basingstoke, Reading, Winchester, Farnham and Chertsey. The road has a total length of . The A303 was designated a trunk road in 1974 and is classed as a major route. It is maintained by Wiltshire County Council and the Highways Agency. Traffic on the A303 generally flows in one direction, from east to west. The A303 forms part of the route of the London to Brighton Veteran Car Run which takes place annually.	wiki-intro	1	[ 464, 317, 22572, 318, 257, 21427, 2975, 287, 8372, 4492, 326, 4539, 422, 262, 317, 22572, 35037, 351, 262, 317, 1270, 379, 46843, 10711, 287, 5187, 912, 10695, 284, 262, 317, 1270, 35037, 351, 262, 337, 18, 5584, 1014, 379, 19305, 83, 4397, 287, 38805, 13, 198, 198, 464, 317, 22572, 318, 257, 1688, 6339, 287, 5366, 12, 7038, 4492, 11, 17795, 1688, 11684, 290, 4736, 1390, 46843, 10711, 11, 4849, 47967, 11, 347, 2313, 301, 2088, 11, 11725, 11, 40868, 11, 49230, 2763, 290, 19305, 83, 4397, 13, 383, 2975, 468, 257, 2472, 4129, 286, 764, 198, 198, 464, 317, 22572, 373, 11032, 257, 21427, 2975, 287, 16489, 290, 318, 1398, 276, 355, 257, 1688, 6339, 13, 632, 318, 9456, 416, 5187, 912, 10695, 3418, 4281, 290, 262, 3334, 1322, 7732, 13, 23624, 319, 262, 317, 22572, 4143, 15623, 287, 530, 4571, 11, 422, 7627, 284, 7421, 13, 220, 198, 198, 464, 317, 22572, 5107, 636, 286, 262, 6339, 286, 262, 3576, 284, 33193, 32733, 1879, 5660, 543, 2753, 1295, 13844, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	14.537522
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Ratko Adamović' Ratko Adamović (Serbian-Cyrillic: Ратко Адамовић; born 10	Ratko Adamović (Serbian-Cyrillic: Ратко Адамовић; born 10 October 1942 in Knin) is a Serbian writer. Life and Work Adamović studied comparative literature at the Philological Faculty in Belgrade. The writer was long-serving official of the Association of Writers of Serbia for several decades. He is author of fourteen novels, four volumes of collected short stories and essays, created in the period from 1971-2016. The collection Gardens of Spirit (U vrtovima duha) contains essays on Marguerite Yourcenar, Fernand Braudel, Béla Hamvas, John Cowper Powys, Alexander Genis, Paul Virilio, Daniel J. Boorstin, Gaston Bachelard, Isaac Bashevis Singer, Jacques Le Goff, Paulo Coelho, Christoph Ransmayr and others. He received the Isidora Sekulić Award 1997 for his novel Immortal Kaleb (Besmrtni Kaleb); was President of its Jury from 2009-2016. He is recipient of the artists supporting program National Pension of the Republic of Serbia (Nacionalna penzija Republike Srbije) since 2012. His novel Rope (Konopac) has been published in Polish (1982), three of his short stories in German (1979), Lithuanian (1992) and English anthologies (1998). His work is often associated with Serbian science fiction.	wiki-intro	0	[ 29665, 7204, 7244, 47297, 38325, 357, 7089, 12210, 12, 34, 2417, 359, 291, 25, 12466, 254, 16142, 20375, 31583, 15166, 12466, 238, 43666, 16142, 43108, 25443, 110, 18849, 141, 249, 26, 4642, 838, 3267, 22458, 287, 6102, 259, 8, 318, 257, 39619, 6260, 13, 5155, 290, 5521, 198, 23159, 47297, 38325, 9713, 29270, 9285, 379, 262, 4543, 2770, 35262, 287, 3944, 9526, 13, 383, 6260, 373, 890, 12, 31293, 1743, 286, 262, 5396, 286, 37732, 286, 27229, 329, 1811, 4647, 13, 679, 318, 1772, 286, 29167, 16122, 11, 1440, 15343, 286, 7723, 1790, 3923, 290, 27126, 11, 2727, 287, 262, 2278, 422, 16382, 12, 5304, 13, 383, 4947, 29330, 286, 7710, 357, 52, 410, 17034, 709, 8083, 7043, 3099, 8, 4909, 27126, 319, 11899, 15573, 578, 3406, 66, 268, 283, 11, 26366, 9718, 463, 417, 11, 347, 2634, 5031, 4345, 11017, 11, 1757, 10417, 525, 14120, 893, 11, 10009, 5215, 271, 11, 3362, 16310, 346, 952, 11, 7806, 449, 13, 347, 2675, 301, 259, 11, 31486, 261, 347, 9636, 446, 11, 19068, 6455, 258, 4703, 28755, 11, 35437, 1004, 44572, 11, 34410, 1766, 417, 8873, 11, 1951, 2522, 371, 504, 11261, 81, 290, 1854, 13, 679, 2722, 262, 1148, 312, 5799, 37558, 32176, 38325, 11289, 8309, 329, 465, 5337, 32888, 509, 32100, 357, 33, 45798, 17034, 8461, 509, 32100, 1776, 373, 1992, 286, 663, 48705, 422, 3717, 12, 5304, 13, 679, 318, 17800, 286, 262, 7912, 6493, 1430, 2351, 46391, 286, 262, 2066, 286, 27229, 357, 45, 330, 1538, 2616, 3112, 89, 34655, 1432, 549, 2339, 21714, 65, 2926, 68, 8, 1201, 2321, 13, 2399, 5337, 371, 3008, 357, 42, 261, 404, 330, 8, 468, 587, 3199, 287, 15945, 357, 30763, 828, 1115, 286, 465, 1790, 3923, 287, 2679, 357, 33581, 828, 49033, 666, 357, 23847, 8, 290, 3594, 26794, 5823, 357, 21113, 737, 2399, 670, 318, 1690, 3917, 351, 39619, 3783, 10165, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	33.526428
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Spring pygmy sunfish' The spring pygmy sunfish, Elassoma alabamae, is	The spring pygmy sunfish, Elassoma alabamae, is a species of pygmy sunfish endemic to springs in northern Alabama. It was historically known to occur in springs in North Alabama along the Tennessee River in Limestone and Lauderdale counties. The spring pygmy sunfish was first discovered in Cave Spring in Lauderdale County, Alabama in 1937 but in 1938, this site was flooded by the creation of the Pickwick Reservoir. The spring pygmy sunfish was considered extinct until its rediscovery in the Beaverdam Spring complex in 1973 by researchers from the University of Tennessee. Appearance The spring pygmy sunfish a small fish that rarely exceeds an inch long. Males and females exhibit different coloration. Breeding males are vividly colored. Overall the breeding male is very dark except for vertical, iridescent blue-green bars along the body and iridescent mottling on the cheek. Females are more muted in coloration when compared to the males.	wiki-intro	0	[ 464, 6076, 12972, 70, 1820, 4252, 11084, 11, 2574, 562, 6086, 435, 8809, 68, 11, 318, 257, 4693, 286, 12972, 70, 1820, 4252, 11084, 42560, 284, 24747, 287, 7840, 9266, 13, 632, 373, 15074, 1900, 284, 3051, 287, 24747, 287, 2258, 9266, 1863, 262, 11287, 5866, 287, 7576, 13631, 290, 45577, 14683, 13, 383, 6076, 12972, 70, 1820, 4252, 11084, 373, 717, 5071, 287, 18603, 8225, 287, 45577, 3418, 11, 9266, 287, 28684, 475, 287, 28017, 11, 428, 2524, 373, 21050, 416, 262, 6282, 286, 262, 12346, 16239, 40425, 10840, 13, 383, 6076, 12972, 70, 1820, 4252, 11084, 373, 3177, 28881, 1566, 663, 2266, 40821, 287, 262, 42746, 11043, 8225, 3716, 287, 15674, 416, 4837, 422, 262, 2059, 286, 11287, 13, 43436, 220, 198, 464, 6076, 12972, 70, 1820, 4252, 11084, 257, 1402, 5916, 326, 8365, 21695, 281, 11111, 890, 13, 43404, 290, 12366, 15866, 1180, 3124, 341, 13, 3719, 8228, 10835, 389, 46641, 16396, 13, 14674, 262, 18954, 4257, 318, 845, 3223, 2845, 329, 11723, 11, 4173, 1460, 1087, 4171, 12, 14809, 9210, 1863, 262, 1767, 290, 4173, 1460, 1087, 285, 1252, 1359, 319, 262, 19353, 13, 44727, 389, 517, 38952, 287, 3124, 341, 618, 3688, 284, 262, 10835, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	12.832702
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Virginia Heinlein' Virginia Heinlein (April 22, 1916 – January	Virginia Heinlein (April 22, 1916 – January 18, 2003), born Virginia Doris Gerstenfeld, was an American chemist, biochemist, engineer, and the third wife and muse of Robert A. Heinlein, a prominent and successful author often considered one of the "Big Three" of science fiction (along with Isaac Asimov and Arthur C. Clarke). Life and career Born to George Joseph and Jeanne D Gerstenfeld (nee Rosenthal)', Virginia was raised in Brooklyn with her brother Leon. A redheaded organic chemist and biochemist, she served as an inspiration for many of the active and talented red-haired women in Heinlein's stories. She met Robert when they both worked at the Naval Air Experimental Station in Philadelphia when she was a lieutenant in the WAVES in the U.S. Navy in World War II. She moved to Los Angeles in 1946 to take an advanced degree, where Heinlein had already relocated after the war. They married on October 21, 1948, in Raton, New Mexico. Shortly thereafter they moved to Colorado, but in 1965 her health was chronically affected by the altitude, so the couple moved to Bonny Doon, California.	wiki-intro	0	[ 41017, 26431, 33663, 357, 16784, 2534, 11, 32811, 784, 3269, 1248, 11, 5816, 828, 4642, 6025, 12528, 271, 13573, 26400, 16265, 11, 373, 281, 1605, 47898, 11, 3182, 18958, 396, 11, 11949, 11, 290, 262, 2368, 3656, 290, 26817, 286, 5199, 317, 13, 26431, 33663, 11, 257, 9208, 290, 4388, 1772, 1690, 3177, 530, 286, 262, 366, 12804, 7683, 1, 286, 3783, 10165, 357, 24176, 351, 19068, 1081, 44273, 290, 13514, 327, 13, 19635, 737, 5155, 290, 3451, 198, 28524, 284, 4502, 7212, 290, 48202, 360, 13573, 26400, 16265, 357, 21381, 49859, 8, 3256, 6025, 373, 4376, 287, 12232, 351, 607, 3956, 10592, 13, 317, 2266, 15353, 10469, 47898, 290, 3182, 18958, 396, 11, 673, 4983, 355, 281, 12141, 329, 867, 286, 262, 4075, 290, 12356, 2266, 12, 29972, 1466, 287, 26431, 33663, 338, 3923, 13, 1375, 1138, 5199, 618, 484, 1111, 3111, 379, 262, 20818, 3701, 32286, 9327, 287, 8857, 618, 673, 373, 257, 30269, 287, 262, 370, 10116, 1546, 287, 262, 471, 13, 50, 13, 8565, 287, 2159, 1810, 2873, 13, 1375, 3888, 284, 5401, 5652, 287, 22717, 284, 1011, 281, 6190, 4922, 11, 810, 26431, 33663, 550, 1541, 34233, 706, 262, 1175, 13, 1119, 6405, 319, 3267, 2310, 11, 21794, 11, 287, 11738, 261, 11, 968, 5828, 13, 27265, 19547, 484, 3888, 284, 7492, 11, 475, 287, 17672, 607, 1535, 373, 49386, 5676, 416, 262, 20334, 11, 523, 262, 3155, 3888, 284, 7979, 3281, 360, 2049, 11, 3442, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	15.084082
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Laticifer' A laticifer is a type of elongated	A laticifer is a type of elongated, filamentous, single-celled organism that is found in soil, water, and other environments. These organisms are capable of converting atmospheric nitrogen into a form that can be used by plants.	wiki-intro	1	[ 32, 300, 1512, 7087, 318, 257, 2099, 286, 39696, 515, 11, 46538, 516, 11, 2060, 12, 344, 3353, 26433, 326, 318, 1043, 287, 9260, 11, 1660, 11, 290, 584, 12493, 13, 2312, 20296, 389, 6007, 286, 23202, 20938, 23417, 656, 257, 1296, 326, 460, 307, 973, 416, 6134, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	9.319526
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Jan Cicero Gallery' Jan Cicero Gallery was a contemporary art	Jan Cicero Gallery was a contemporary art gallery in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It was founded in 1989 by artist and curator Jan Cicero. The gallery presented new and experimental art, as well as work by established artists. It exhibited both photography and sculpture, as well as painting and video. The gallery hosted group exhibitions, as well as solo shows. In 2010, Jan Cicero Gallery ceased operations. The gallery's collection was auctioned off in December of that year.	wiki-intro	1	[ 12128, 37212, 3529, 12917, 373, 257, 11811, 1242, 15604, 287, 6586, 11, 10553, 11, 3340, 13, 632, 373, 9393, 287, 11104, 416, 6802, 290, 46132, 2365, 37212, 3529, 13, 198, 198, 464, 15604, 5545, 649, 290, 11992, 1242, 11, 355, 880, 355, 670, 416, 4920, 7912, 13, 632, 25212, 1111, 16223, 290, 26924, 11, 355, 880, 355, 12036, 290, 2008, 13, 383, 15604, 12007, 1448, 48130, 11, 355, 880, 355, 12199, 2523, 13, 198, 198, 818, 3050, 11, 2365, 37212, 3529, 12917, 24368, 4560, 13, 383, 15604, 338, 4947, 373, 14389, 276, 572, 287, 3426, 286, 326, 614, 13, 628 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	7.935441
How did the Roman Empire Fall? I know there are many reasons and is incredibly complex, but can one of you please explain it to me like I'm retarded? Explain like I' m five.	Sure! The Roman Empire was a large and powerful civilization that ruled much of Europe, western Asia, and northern Africa for many centuries. It was known for its strong military, advanced government, and impressive architecture. However, even great empires can come to an end, and that's what happened to the Roman Empire. There are many reasons why the Roman Empire fell, but here are a few of the main ones: Invasions by barbarian tribes: The Roman Empire was constantly being attacked by barbarian tribes, which were groups of people who lived outside the Roman Empire and were considered uncivilized by Roman standards. These invasions weakened the empire and made it harder to defend itself. Economic troubles: The Roman Empire was very expensive to maintain, and as time went on, it became harder for the government to pay for all the things it needed. This led to economic troubles, which made it harder for the empire to function effectively. Military problems: The Roman Army was once one of the most powerful and well-trained armies in the world, but over time, it became less effective. This made it harder for the empire to defend itself against invasions. Political problems: The Roman Empire was made up of many different parts, and as time went on, it became harder for the government to keep everything running smoothly. There were often conflicts between different parts of the empire, and this made it harder for the empire to function as a whole. Disease and natural disasters: The Roman Empire was also affected by diseases and natural disasters, such as plagues and earthquakes, which made it harder for the empire to recover from other problems. These are just a few of the reasons why the Roman Empire fell. 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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Cyclone Glenda' Severe Tropical Cyclone Glenda was among the	Severe Tropical Cyclone Glenda was among the strongest cyclones ever to make landfall on the Australian mainland. Forming on 15 December 2004 in the Coral Sea, Glenda rapidly intensified into a Category 5 hurricane on 16 December, before making landfall on Queensland on the same day. After crossing the state, Glenda continued to intensify and reached its peak as a Category 4 storm with winds of 260 km/h (160 mph) and a minimum pressure of 993 hPa (29.53 inHg) on 18 December. The storm then struck New South Wales on 19 December, before weakening as it moved inland. On 21 December, Glenda made a final landfall near Perth, Western Australia, before dissipating the next day. Throughout its duration, Glenda caused major damage and casualties in Queensland, New South Wales and Western Australia, with total losses estimated at $1.5 billion (2004 USD). The storm was also responsible for significant flooding in Queensland and New South Wales.	wiki-intro	1	[ 4653, 4119, 37956, 5934, 21018, 2671, 7438, 373, 1871, 262, 12841, 11700, 1952, 1683, 284, 787, 43682, 319, 262, 6638, 22779, 13, 5178, 278, 319, 1315, 3426, 5472, 287, 262, 41390, 6896, 11, 2671, 7438, 8902, 32413, 656, 257, 21743, 642, 23964, 319, 1467, 3426, 11, 878, 1642, 43682, 319, 21105, 319, 262, 976, 1110, 13, 2293, 12538, 262, 1181, 11, 2671, 7438, 3767, 284, 47697, 290, 4251, 663, 9103, 355, 257, 21743, 604, 6388, 351, 13520, 286, 21148, 10571, 14, 71, 357, 14198, 16462, 8, 290, 257, 5288, 3833, 286, 860, 6052, 289, 28875, 357, 1959, 13, 4310, 287, 39, 70, 8, 319, 1248, 3426, 13, 383, 6388, 788, 7425, 968, 2520, 11769, 319, 678, 3426, 11, 878, 34992, 355, 340, 3888, 37874, 13, 1550, 2310, 3426, 11, 2671, 7438, 925, 257, 2457, 43682, 1474, 29913, 11, 4885, 4505, 11, 878, 32008, 803, 262, 1306, 1110, 13, 220, 198, 198, 26797, 663, 9478, 11, 2671, 7438, 4073, 1688, 2465, 290, 18499, 287, 21105, 11, 968, 2520, 11769, 290, 4885, 4505, 11, 351, 2472, 9089, 6108, 379, 720, 16, 13, 20, 2997, 357, 15724, 11403, 737, 383, 6388, 373, 635, 4497, 329, 2383, 17448, 287, 21105, 290, 968, 2520, 11769, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	6.155549
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Lavrente Calinov' Lavrente Calinov was a Romanian sprint canoer	Lavrente Calinov was a Romanian sprint canoer who competed in the late 1950s and early 1960s. He won one silver medals in the C-2 10000 m event at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships in 1958. He also won 5 silver and bronze medals in the C-2 10000 m event at the European Canoe Sprint World Championships in 1957, 1958, 1960, and 1963. Early life Lavrente Calinov was born in the Danube Delta of Romania in the village of Mila 23 accessible only by boat in a Russian speaking Old Believers community known as Lipovans on August 16, 1936. By the time he was 10 he started helping his father Ignat with fishing work in the Danube Delta. At 16 he left home to work in the city of Sulina as a fisherman on the Black Sea until he was drafted in the Romanian conscription based military service at the time.	wiki-intro	0	[ 43, 615, 1156, 68, 2199, 259, 709, 373, 257, 34344, 18553, 460, 78, 263, 508, 32440, 287, 262, 2739, 11445, 82, 290, 1903, 9507, 82, 13, 679, 1839, 530, 8465, 28057, 287, 262, 327, 12, 17, 33028, 285, 1785, 379, 262, 12460, 37, 1680, 2577, 23178, 2159, 24782, 287, 24648, 13, 679, 635, 1839, 642, 8465, 290, 22101, 28057, 287, 262, 327, 12, 17, 33028, 285, 1785, 379, 262, 3427, 1680, 2577, 23178, 2159, 24782, 287, 25177, 11, 24648, 11, 9507, 11, 290, 19342, 13, 12556, 1204, 220, 198, 43, 615, 1156, 68, 2199, 259, 709, 373, 4642, 287, 262, 6035, 3266, 16978, 286, 23356, 287, 262, 7404, 286, 4460, 64, 2242, 9857, 691, 416, 8848, 287, 257, 3394, 5486, 5706, 3944, 30296, 2055, 1900, 355, 24701, 709, 504, 319, 2932, 1467, 11, 27653, 13, 2750, 262, 640, 339, 373, 838, 339, 2067, 5742, 465, 2988, 16583, 265, 351, 12478, 670, 287, 262, 6035, 3266, 16978, 13, 1629, 1467, 339, 1364, 1363, 284, 670, 287, 262, 1748, 286, 29357, 1437, 355, 257, 48750, 319, 262, 2619, 6896, 1566, 339, 373, 15937, 287, 262, 34344, 762, 6820, 1912, 2422, 2139, 379, 262, 640, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	11.842536
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Fort de Cindey' The Fort de Cindey (Swiss designation A155)	The Fort de Cindey (Swiss designation A155) is a component of Fortress Saint-Maurice, which is in turn one of the three principal fortified regions of the National Redoubt of Switzerland. The Fort de Cindey was built in two steps: the first, between 1941 and 1946 and the second step, between 1948 and 1954 (the hospital, the artilleries casemates with the gunnery command and the ammunition magazines) . It was taken out of service in 1995. This fort was built in the Scex cliff face immediately to the west of Saint-Maurice to complement the existing Fort du Scex, built earlier in the same cliff. With the Fort du Scex, it comprises a fortress complex encased in rock high above the strategic Saint-Maurice valley. The fort was deactivated in 1995. It is now open for public tours during the summer months. Site The Fort de Cindey is located in the western cliffs of the Saint-Maurice valley where the defile narrows dramatically. The location was previously fortified in the 19th century. The Château Saint-Maurice remains extant, while extensive fortifications on either side of the Rhône, constructed between 1831 and 1860 by General Guillaume Henri Dufour have disappeared.	wiki-intro	0	[ 464, 6401, 390, 24445, 2959, 357, 10462, 747, 22566, 317, 18742, 8, 318, 257, 7515, 286, 25213, 9281, 12, 44, 2899, 501, 11, 543, 318, 287, 1210, 530, 286, 262, 1115, 10033, 40479, 7652, 286, 262, 2351, 2297, 47675, 286, 14679, 13, 383, 6401, 390, 24445, 2959, 373, 3170, 287, 734, 4831, 25, 262, 717, 11, 1022, 23234, 290, 22717, 290, 262, 1218, 2239, 11, 1022, 21794, 290, 24718, 357, 1169, 4436, 11, 262, 1242, 4665, 444, 6124, 368, 689, 351, 262, 2485, 35865, 3141, 290, 262, 14271, 16695, 8, 764, 632, 373, 2077, 503, 286, 2139, 287, 8735, 13, 770, 6285, 373, 3170, 287, 262, 311, 344, 87, 19516, 1986, 3393, 284, 262, 7421, 286, 9281, 12, 44, 2899, 501, 284, 16829, 262, 4683, 6401, 7043, 311, 344, 87, 11, 3170, 2961, 287, 262, 976, 19516, 13, 2080, 262, 6401, 7043, 311, 344, 87, 11, 340, 28800, 257, 28757, 3716, 2207, 839, 287, 3881, 1029, 2029, 262, 10039, 9281, 12, 44, 2899, 501, 19272, 13, 383, 6285, 220, 373, 390, 33106, 287, 8735, 13, 220, 632, 318, 783, 1280, 329, 1171, 21284, 1141, 262, 3931, 1933, 13, 14413, 198, 464, 6401, 390, 24445, 2959, 318, 5140, 287, 262, 8830, 41724, 286, 262, 9281, 12, 44, 2899, 501, 19272, 810, 262, 825, 576, 7135, 82, 12034, 13, 383, 4067, 373, 4271, 40479, 287, 262, 678, 400, 4289, 13, 383, 609, 22940, 660, 559, 9281, 12, 44, 2899, 501, 3793, 47862, 11, 981, 7667, 6285, 6637, 319, 2035, 1735, 286, 262, 10323, 27083, 710, 11, 12006, 1022, 1248, 3132, 290, 37637, 416, 3611, 1962, 5049, 2454, 44485, 360, 3046, 454, 423, 12120, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	22.902655
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Musharbash Family' Al-Musharbash (also known as: Al-Sharabsheh. Arabic: المشربش	Al-Musharbash (also known as: Al-Sharabsheh. Arabic: المشربش ) is a prominent Christian Jordanian family who have resided in Jordan since the 1600s. It is thought that they are descendants of the historical Ghassanid dynasty through one of the 12 sons of King Amr IV, who ruled over a large portion of the Middle East in the early 7th century. The claim is mainly through oral tradition, and a document from 1338 found in Bechamoun, Lebanon, written by Sheikh Salem Al-Wahban from the Sayegh tribe, tracing the family tree of King Amr IV. Some of the other Greek Orthodox families in Jordan share the same lineage. From the writings of Major-General Frederick Peake who served under Lawrence of Arabia, it is known that the Musharbash family lived in Damascus for some time before emigrating to Jordan in the year 1650 and forming a 7-year alliance with the Bedouin Bani Hassan tribe. In Jordan, they initially settled in Al-Salt, the administrative capital at the time, after purchasing most of the land and estates in Al-Tuwal region.	wiki-intro	0	[ 2348, 12, 44, 1530, 38039, 1077, 357, 14508, 1900, 355, 25, 978, 12, 40201, 397, 7091, 71, 13, 17526, 25, 28981, 25405, 148, 112, 26897, 39848, 148, 112, 1267, 318, 257, 9208, 4302, 47820, 1641, 508, 423, 49330, 287, 8078, 1201, 262, 26143, 82, 13, 632, 318, 1807, 326, 484, 389, 25321, 286, 262, 6754, 11972, 562, 272, 312, 30968, 832, 530, 286, 262, 1105, 11989, 286, 2677, 1703, 81, 8363, 11, 508, 8879, 625, 257, 1588, 6903, 286, 262, 6046, 3687, 287, 262, 1903, 767, 400, 4289, 13, 383, 1624, 318, 8384, 832, 12886, 6761, 11, 290, 257, 3188, 422, 1511, 2548, 1043, 287, 1355, 49869, 977, 11, 16849, 11, 3194, 416, 30843, 31988, 978, 12, 54, 993, 3820, 422, 262, 13816, 68, 456, 14893, 11, 35328, 262, 1641, 5509, 286, 2677, 1703, 81, 8363, 13, 2773, 286, 262, 584, 8312, 17650, 4172, 287, 8078, 2648, 262, 976, 31144, 13, 3574, 262, 19336, 286, 8386, 12, 12218, 26113, 2631, 539, 508, 4983, 739, 13914, 286, 9671, 11, 340, 318, 1900, 326, 262, 24257, 38039, 1077, 1641, 5615, 287, 21028, 329, 617, 640, 878, 795, 3692, 803, 284, 8078, 287, 262, 614, 1467, 1120, 290, 14583, 257, 767, 12, 1941, 12801, 351, 262, 15585, 280, 259, 347, 3216, 24485, 14893, 13, 554, 8078, 11, 484, 7317, 10282, 287, 978, 12, 43061, 11, 262, 11553, 3139, 379, 262, 640, 11, 706, 14080, 749, 286, 262, 1956, 290, 42252, 287, 978, 12, 47247, 16783, 3814, 13, 220 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	21.768139
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'First Servile War' The First Servile War of 135–132 BC	The First Servile War of 135–132 BC was a conflict between the Roman Republic and the Servile populus, a group of semi-autonomous peasants who worked on the estates of the wealthy. The Servile War began as a series of sporadic uprisings by slave farmers in the Roman Republic, but escalated into a full-scale war after a series of brutal reprisals by the Roman state. The war ended in a Roman victory and an increase in the power and wealth of the wealthy classes. The origins of the Servile War are complex, but can be traced back to increasing inequality and poverty among Rome's peasantry, combined with political instability and growing militarism within the Roman state. By 135 BC, these factors had led to open conflict between Rome's wealthy landowners and its increasingly impoverished slave farmers. The war lasted for three years, with both sides suffering heavy casualties. In 132 BC, the Roman Republic emerged victorious, granting increased power and wealth to its wealthiest classes.	wiki-intro	1	[ 464, 3274, 3116, 576, 1810, 286, 17501, 1906, 19924, 11843, 373, 257, 5358, 1022, 262, 7993, 2066, 290, 262, 3116, 576, 16595, 385, 11, 257, 1448, 286, 10663, 12, 2306, 38175, 29177, 508, 3111, 319, 262, 42252, 286, 262, 11574, 13, 198, 198, 464, 3116, 576, 1810, 2540, 355, 257, 2168, 286, 48172, 510, 2442, 654, 416, 11778, 9818, 287, 262, 7993, 2066, 11, 475, 33190, 656, 257, 1336, 12, 9888, 1175, 706, 257, 2168, 286, 12399, 41575, 271, 874, 416, 262, 7993, 1181, 13, 383, 1175, 4444, 287, 257, 7993, 5373, 290, 281, 2620, 287, 262, 1176, 290, 5129, 286, 262, 11574, 6097, 13, 198, 198, 464, 15587, 286, 262, 3116, 576, 1810, 389, 3716, 11, 475, 460, 307, 23246, 736, 284, 3649, 12791, 290, 8098, 1871, 10598, 338, 30779, 563, 11, 5929, 351, 1964, 24842, 290, 3957, 28131, 1042, 1626, 262, 7993, 1181, 13, 2750, 17501, 11843, 11, 777, 5087, 550, 2957, 284, 1280, 5358, 1022, 10598, 338, 11574, 44868, 290, 663, 6481, 35014, 11778, 9818, 13, 383, 1175, 15436, 329, 1115, 812, 11, 351, 1111, 5389, 7195, 4334, 18499, 13, 554, 21761, 11843, 11, 262, 7993, 2066, 9349, 31956, 11, 21787, 3220, 1176, 290, 5129, 284, 663, 35817, 6097, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	11.607713
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Warren Schrader' Wing Commander Warren Schrader (27 March	Wing Commander Warren Schrader (27 March 1921 – 6 February 2009) was a New Zealand flying ace of the Royal New Zealand Air Force (RNZAF) during the Second World War. He was credited with the destruction of eleven enemy aircraft. Born in Wellington, New Zealand, Schrader joined the RNZAF in 1941. After completing flight training he was sent to the United Kingdom to serve with the Royal Air Force (RAF). He flew Supermarine Spitfires with No. 165 Squadron on operations on the Channel Front, including supporting the Dieppe Raid. He later flew with No. 1435 Squadron, initially based in Malta and then Sicily. After a period of instructing duties, he was posted to No. 486 (NZ) Squadron in early 1945, becoming its commander soon afterwards. In the dying stages of the war in Europe, he took command of No. 616 Squadron, the first RAF squadron to operate the jet-powered Gloster Meteor. Returning to civilian life in 1946, he went back to New Zealand and joined an airline, the National Airways Corporation, flying passenger aircraft. He retired in 1976 and died in 2009 at the age of 87.	wiki-intro	0	[ 35612, 13353, 11328, 49871, 5067, 220, 357, 1983, 2805, 35369, 784, 718, 3945, 3717, 8, 373, 257, 968, 8936, 7348, 31506, 286, 262, 8111, 968, 8936, 3701, 5221, 357, 49, 37371, 8579, 8, 1141, 262, 5498, 2159, 1810, 13, 679, 373, 18141, 351, 262, 8166, 286, 22216, 4472, 6215, 13, 18889, 287, 30597, 11, 968, 8936, 11, 49871, 5067, 5399, 262, 371, 37371, 8579, 287, 23234, 13, 2293, 14339, 5474, 3047, 339, 373, 1908, 284, 262, 1578, 7526, 284, 4691, 351, 262, 8111, 3701, 5221, 357, 3861, 37, 737, 679, 13112, 3115, 42380, 48377, 27312, 351, 1400, 13, 21409, 27242, 319, 4560, 319, 262, 11102, 8880, 11, 1390, 6493, 262, 6733, 27768, 12448, 13, 679, 1568, 13112, 351, 1400, 13, 1478, 2327, 27242, 11, 7317, 1912, 287, 35206, 290, 788, 49301, 13, 2293, 257, 2278, 286, 5048, 278, 10741, 11, 339, 373, 4481, 284, 1400, 13, 604, 4521, 357, 37371, 8, 27242, 287, 1903, 15761, 11, 5033, 663, 11561, 2582, 12979, 13, 554, 262, 9950, 9539, 286, 262, 1175, 287, 2031, 11, 339, 1718, 3141, 286, 1400, 13, 718, 1433, 27242, 11, 262, 717, 28168, 40733, 284, 8076, 262, 12644, 12, 12293, 2671, 6197, 25582, 13, 42882, 284, 11107, 1204, 287, 22717, 11, 339, 1816, 736, 284, 968, 8936, 290, 5399, 281, 18091, 11, 262, 2351, 40020, 10501, 11, 7348, 11849, 6215, 13, 679, 9880, 287, 15408, 290, 3724, 287, 3717, 379, 262, 2479, 286, 10083, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	10.459542
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Unprotected cruiser' An unprotected cruiser was a type of	An unprotected cruiser was a type of armored cruiser used by the United States Navy in the late 19th century. They were designed to operate in open waters without the protection of a battle line, relying on their speed, armor, and armament to defeat any enemy vessels they might encounter. The first unprotected cruisers were built for the US Navy in the mid-1870s as part of a program to create an all-steel armored cruiser class. The design was an adaptation of the earlier ironclad warship, and intended to reduce the amount of armor required on a ship compared to a battleship. The USS Pennsylvania (1863) was the first protected cruiser built for the US Navy, and was followed by the USS New York (1875). The unprotected cruiser was a popular design for several reasons. They were fast enough to outrun most opposition, and their armor provided enough protection that they could safely operate outside of a traditional battle line. However, their lack of protection made them vulnerable to boarding or torpedo attacks, and they were not as well-armed as more traditional armored cruisers.	wiki-intro	1	[ 2025, 42069, 35239, 373, 257, 2099, 286, 24856, 35239, 973, 416, 262, 1578, 1829, 8565, 287, 262, 2739, 678, 400, 4289, 13, 1119, 547, 3562, 284, 8076, 287, 1280, 10150, 1231, 262, 4800, 286, 257, 3344, 1627, 11, 17965, 319, 511, 2866, 11, 8328, 11, 290, 3211, 3263, 284, 7433, 597, 4472, 14891, 484, 1244, 8791, 13, 198, 198, 464, 717, 42069, 4630, 21572, 547, 3170, 329, 262, 1294, 8565, 287, 262, 3095, 12, 1507, 2154, 82, 355, 636, 286, 257, 1430, 284, 2251, 281, 477, 12, 44822, 24856, 35239, 1398, 13, 383, 1486, 373, 281, 16711, 286, 262, 2961, 6953, 29853, 9976, 1056, 11, 290, 5292, 284, 4646, 262, 2033, 286, 8328, 2672, 319, 257, 4074, 3688, 284, 257, 10181, 1056, 13, 383, 23116, 9589, 357, 1507, 5066, 8, 373, 262, 717, 6861, 35239, 3170, 329, 262, 1294, 8565, 11, 290, 373, 3940, 416, 262, 23116, 968, 1971, 357, 1507, 2425, 737, 198, 198, 464, 42069, 35239, 373, 257, 2968, 1486, 329, 1811, 3840, 13, 1119, 547, 3049, 1576, 284, 503, 5143, 749, 5471, 11, 290, 511, 8328, 2810, 1576, 4800, 326, 484, 714, 11512, 8076, 2354, 286, 257, 4569, 3344, 1627, 13, 2102, 11, 511, 3092, 286, 4800, 925, 606, 8826, 284, 25523, 393, 39023, 3434, 11, 290, 484, 547, 407, 355, 880, 12, 12026, 355, 517, 4569, 24856, 4630, 21572, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	7.321887
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Samuel Sisulu' Samuel Sisulu (June 1956 - June 2003)	Samuel Sisulu (June 1956 - June 2003) was a South African anti-apartheid activist, politician and Member of Parliament. He was the Deputy Minister of Health in the South African government from 1994 to 1996. Born in Umtata, Transkei, Sisulu was one of the leading activists in the African National Congress (ANC) and one of its most prominent figures in the 1980s and 1990s. He was a member of the ANC's Executive Committee from 1991 to 1997, and served as Deputy President of the ANC from 1997 to 1999. In 1998, he was elected to the National Assembly as an MP for Johannesburg Central. He served as Minister of Defence in Nelson Mandela's first cabinet from 1999 to 2000, and was later appointed Deputy Minister of Health by Mandela. Sisulu was assassinated at his home in Johannesburg on June 15, 2003, by two men who had been hired by the apartheid government. He was 59 years old.	wiki-intro	1	[ 16305, 2731, 311, 271, 15712, 357, 15749, 25190, 532, 2795, 5816, 8, 373, 257, 2520, 5510, 3098, 12, 499, 433, 28420, 11276, 11, 14971, 290, 10239, 286, 8411, 13, 679, 373, 262, 15110, 4139, 286, 3893, 287, 262, 2520, 5510, 1230, 422, 9162, 284, 8235, 13, 198, 198, 28524, 287, 471, 16762, 1045, 11, 3602, 365, 72, 11, 311, 271, 15712, 373, 530, 286, 262, 3756, 7941, 287, 262, 5510, 2351, 3162, 357, 20940, 8, 290, 530, 286, 663, 749, 9208, 5538, 287, 262, 7169, 82, 290, 6303, 82, 13, 679, 373, 257, 2888, 286, 262, 46179, 338, 10390, 4606, 422, 10249, 284, 8309, 11, 290, 4983, 355, 15110, 1992, 286, 262, 46179, 422, 8309, 284, 7358, 13, 554, 7795, 11, 339, 373, 7018, 284, 262, 2351, 10006, 355, 281, 4904, 329, 38579, 7423, 5694, 13, 679, 4983, 355, 4139, 286, 16721, 287, 12996, 40233, 338, 717, 13447, 422, 7358, 284, 4751, 11, 290, 373, 1568, 9899, 15110, 4139, 286, 3893, 416, 40233, 13, 198, 198, 50, 271, 15712, 373, 39981, 379, 465, 1363, 287, 38579, 7423, 319, 2795, 1315, 11, 5816, 11, 416, 734, 1450, 508, 550, 587, 9657, 416, 262, 38264, 1230, 13, 679, 373, 7863, 812, 1468, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	6.172676
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'The Return' The Return may refer to: Print media	The Return may refer to: Print media -The Return (novel) by Stephen King -The Return (TV series) by AMC Online media -The Return (video game) by Blizzard Entertainment -The Return (song) by Ramones -The Return (album) by Papa Roach -The Return (web series) by AMC. Film -The Return (film) by director M. Night Shyamalan -The Return (2018 film) by director Andrzej Bartkowiak.	wiki-intro	1	[ 464, 8229, 743, 3522, 284, 25, 12578, 2056, 198, 198, 12, 464, 8229, 357, 3919, 626, 8, 416, 7970, 2677, 198, 198, 12, 464, 8229, 357, 6849, 2168, 8, 416, 36239, 198, 198, 14439, 2056, 198, 198, 12, 464, 8229, 357, 15588, 983, 8, 416, 20206, 11058, 220, 198, 12, 464, 8229, 357, 34050, 8, 416, 7431, 1952, 220, 198, 12, 464, 8229, 357, 40916, 8, 416, 42328, 5564, 620, 220, 198, 12, 464, 8229, 357, 12384, 2168, 8, 416, 36239, 13, 220, 198, 198, 39750, 220, 198, 12, 464, 8229, 357, 26240, 8, 416, 3437, 337, 13, 5265, 36838, 321, 25786, 220, 198, 12, 464, 8229, 357, 7908, 2646, 8, 416, 3437, 843, 81, 2736, 73, 13167, 74, 322, 32994, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	13.910063
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Appeal War' The Appeal War (properly: Apelle War) was	The Appeal War (properly: Apelle War) was a legal case argued by the kingdom of Aragon and the Crown of Castile in the 14th century. The dispute arose from a contested succession to the Crown of Castile, and Aragon claimed that as the rightful heir, it had a right to intervene in the dispute on behalf of its ally, Ferdinand IV of Castile. The case dragged on for years, with Aragon eventually prevailing. The Appeal War is often seen as a precursor to the more famous Hundred Years' War.	wiki-intro	1	[ 464, 31876, 1810, 357, 1676, 525, 306, 25, 5949, 13485, 1810, 8, 373, 257, 2742, 1339, 7189, 416, 262, 13239, 286, 943, 1840, 290, 262, 12223, 286, 5833, 576, 287, 262, 1478, 400, 4289, 13, 198, 198, 464, 11047, 21172, 422, 257, 24163, 22435, 284, 262, 12223, 286, 5833, 576, 11, 290, 943, 1840, 4752, 326, 355, 262, 43133, 28625, 11, 340, 550, 257, 826, 284, 22432, 287, 262, 11047, 319, 8378, 286, 663, 12525, 11, 44312, 8363, 286, 5833, 576, 13, 383, 1339, 17901, 319, 329, 812, 11, 351, 943, 1840, 4191, 26602, 13, 383, 31876, 1810, 318, 1690, 1775, 355, 257, 34826, 284, 262, 517, 5863, 40531, 13212, 6, 1810, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	12.754627
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Battle of Sokolovo' The Battle of Sokolovo took place on	The Battle of Sokolovo took place on 8 and 9 March 1943, near the town of Sokolovo (, Sokolove) near Kharkiv in Ukraine when the ongoing attack of the Wehrmacht was delayed by joint Soviet and Czechoslovak forces. It was the first time that a foreign military unit, the First Czechoslovak Independent Field Battalion, fought together with the Red Army. Under the command of Ludvík Svoboda, later President of Czechoslovakia, the Czechoslovak soldiers delayed the advance of Germans to the Mzha river. On 13 March the position was abandoned as untenable due to the complete German encirclement of Kharkov. Aftermath The Soviet supreme command highly valued both the bravery of the Czechoslovak soldiers and the political significance of the fact that the Soviet people were no longer alone in their struggle against Germany. First Lieutenant Otakar Jaroš, the commander of the 1st company (who was killed in the course of the battle and posthumously promoted to captain) was the first foreign citizen ever to be awarded the highest Soviet military order, the Hero of the Soviet Union. Moreover, one of the local schools in Sokolovo was named in his honor.	wiki-intro	0	[ 464, 5838, 286, 37641, 349, 18768, 1718, 1295, 319, 807, 290, 860, 2805, 21577, 11, 1474, 262, 3240, 286, 37641, 349, 18768, 357, 11, 37641, 349, 659, 8, 1474, 5311, 668, 452, 287, 7049, 618, 262, 7044, 1368, 286, 262, 775, 11840, 76, 19725, 373, 11038, 416, 6466, 7570, 290, 16639, 50005, 461, 3386, 13, 632, 373, 262, 717, 640, 326, 257, 3215, 2422, 4326, 11, 262, 3274, 16639, 50005, 461, 13362, 7663, 29887, 11, 8350, 1978, 351, 262, 2297, 5407, 13, 4698, 262, 3141, 286, 24177, 85, 8836, 74, 44343, 672, 11329, 11, 1568, 1992, 286, 16639, 50005, 21897, 11, 262, 16639, 50005, 461, 5795, 11038, 262, 5963, 286, 16064, 284, 262, 337, 89, 3099, 7850, 13, 1550, 1511, 2805, 262, 2292, 373, 9958, 355, 1418, 21633, 2233, 284, 262, 1844, 2679, 2207, 1980, 1732, 286, 5311, 668, 709, 13, 2293, 11018, 220, 198, 464, 7570, 17700, 3141, 4047, 17560, 1111, 262, 37808, 286, 262, 16639, 50005, 461, 5795, 290, 262, 1964, 12085, 286, 262, 1109, 326, 262, 7570, 661, 547, 645, 2392, 3436, 287, 511, 6531, 1028, 4486, 13, 3274, 21586, 19740, 461, 283, 449, 12022, 32790, 11, 262, 11561, 286, 262, 352, 301, 1664, 357, 8727, 373, 2923, 287, 262, 1781, 286, 262, 3344, 290, 1281, 17047, 3481, 13722, 284, 10654, 8, 373, 262, 717, 3215, 9511, 1683, 284, 307, 11343, 262, 4511, 7570, 2422, 1502, 11, 262, 8757, 286, 262, 7570, 4479, 13, 10968, 11, 530, 286, 262, 1957, 4266, 287, 37641, 349, 18768, 373, 3706, 287, 465, 7522, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	14.091224
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Howard Krein' Howard David Krein (born 1966/1967) is an	Howard David Krein (born 1966/1967) is an American otolaryngologist, plastic surgeon, and business executive. He is the husband of Ashley Biden, the daughter of United States President Joe Biden. He is an assistant professor of otolaryngology at Thomas Jefferson University and is a founding partner and co-director of Thomas Jefferson University Hospital's Facial Aesthetic and Reconstructive Center. Krein is the chief medical officer at StartUp Health, a venture capital and health technology firm. He served on the Biden Cancer Initiative's board of directors from 2017 to 2019. Krein has advised the Joe Biden 2020 presidential campaign on its COVID-19 pandemic response in an unofficial role. Early life and education Krein was born and raised in Cherry Hill, New Jersey. He is the son of Stanley Krein, an insurance executive and former director of marketing at Aetna, and Brenda Ferne "Bunny" Lipner Krein, a physician assistant in cardiology at Cooper University Hospital. His family is Jewish.	wiki-intro	0	[ 32434, 3271, 25732, 259, 357, 6286, 19322, 14, 42830, 8, 318, 281, 1605, 30972, 349, 560, 782, 7451, 11, 7309, 23923, 11, 290, 1597, 4640, 13, 679, 318, 262, 5229, 286, 20899, 21010, 11, 262, 4957, 286, 1578, 1829, 1992, 5689, 21010, 13, 679, 318, 281, 8796, 6240, 286, 30972, 349, 560, 782, 1435, 379, 5658, 15375, 2059, 290, 318, 257, 16636, 5212, 290, 763, 12, 35248, 286, 5658, 15375, 2059, 9256, 338, 13585, 498, 317, 37531, 290, 23419, 7249, 425, 3337, 13, 25732, 259, 318, 262, 4039, 3315, 3818, 379, 7253, 4933, 3893, 11, 257, 13189, 3139, 290, 1535, 3037, 4081, 13, 679, 4983, 319, 262, 21010, 15523, 18362, 338, 3096, 286, 13445, 422, 2177, 284, 13130, 13, 25732, 259, 468, 13030, 262, 5689, 21010, 12131, 4787, 1923, 319, 663, 7375, 11008, 12, 1129, 19798, 5314, 2882, 287, 281, 27220, 2597, 13, 12556, 1204, 290, 3707, 220, 198, 42, 260, 259, 373, 4642, 290, 4376, 287, 23165, 3327, 11, 968, 8221, 13, 679, 318, 262, 3367, 286, 14167, 25732, 259, 11, 281, 5096, 4640, 290, 1966, 3437, 286, 7124, 379, 317, 316, 2616, 11, 290, 49495, 12880, 710, 366, 33, 16948, 1, 24701, 1008, 25732, 259, 11, 257, 14325, 8796, 287, 2657, 12371, 379, 10382, 2059, 9256, 13, 2399, 1641, 318, 5582, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	16.184658
200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Lee Chang-ho' Lee Chang-ho (; born 29 July 1975	Lee Chang-ho (; born 29 July 1975 in Jeonju, North Jeolla) is a South Korean professional Go player of 9-dan rank. He is regarded by many as the best Go player of the late 1990s and early 2000s. He was a student of Cho Hun-hyun 9-dan. He is the second youngest (11 years 1 month) to become a professional Go player in South Korean history behind Cho Hun-hyun (9 years 7 months). He is the only player to have won all eight international competitions at least once. Biography He turned professional in 1986 at the young age of 11. By the early 1990s, he started winning titles that his teacher, Cho, had won. By 1992 Lee had already won his first international title, which was the 3rd Tong Yang Cup. Lee has won all of the international Go tournaments at least twice, excluding the World Oza and Ing Cup, which are held every two and four years respectively. He is only the second player to record a "Grand Slam". The first was Cho Hunhyun. In 2006, Lee won the Wangwi title for the eleventh straight year. His teacher, Cho Hunhyun, holds the record for the most successive domestic titles with sixteen consecutive Paewang titles. Ma Xiaochun has the second-most successive domestic titles with thirteen Mingren titles.	wiki-intro	0	[ 24338, 22597, 12, 8873, 357, 26, 4642, 2808, 2901, 15231, 287, 3852, 261, 14396, 11, 2258, 3852, 33011, 8, 318, 257, 2520, 6983, 4708, 1514, 2137, 286, 860, 12, 25604, 4279, 13, 679, 318, 11987, 416, 867, 355, 262, 1266, 1514, 2137, 286, 262, 2739, 6303, 82, 290, 1903, 4751, 82, 13, 679, 373, 257, 3710, 286, 10031, 5900, 12, 12114, 403, 860, 12, 25604, 13, 679, 318, 262, 1218, 18887, 357, 1157, 812, 352, 1227, 8, 284, 1716, 257, 4708, 1514, 2137, 287, 2520, 6983, 2106, 2157, 10031, 5900, 12, 12114, 403, 357, 24, 812, 767, 1933, 737, 679, 318, 262, 691, 2137, 284, 423, 1839, 477, 3624, 3230, 24174, 379, 1551, 1752, 13, 8436, 4867, 198, 1544, 2900, 4708, 287, 12113, 379, 262, 1862, 2479, 286, 1367, 13, 2750, 262, 1903, 6303, 82, 11, 339, 2067, 5442, 8714, 326, 465, 4701, 11, 10031, 11, 550, 1839, 13, 2750, 9768, 5741, 550, 1541, 1839, 465, 717, 3230, 3670, 11, 543, 373, 262, 513, 4372, 26565, 10998, 5454, 13, 5741, 468, 1839, 477, 286, 262, 3230, 1514, 18130, 379, 1551, 5403, 11, 23494, 262, 2159, 440, 4496, 290, 17589, 5454, 11, 543, 389, 2714, 790, 734, 290, 1440, 812, 8148, 13, 679, 318, 691, 262, 1218, 2137, 284, 1700, 257, 366, 23581, 30382, 1911, 383, 717, 373, 10031, 5900, 12114, 403, 13, 554, 4793, 11, 5741, 1839, 262, 15233, 37686, 3670, 329, 262, 9766, 20987, 3892, 614, 13, 2399, 4701, 11, 10031, 5900, 12114, 403, 11, 6622, 262, 1700, 329, 262, 749, 25175, 5928, 8714, 351, 27913, 12785, 11243, 413, 648, 8714, 13, 6669, 22450, 5374, 403, 468, 262, 1218, 12, 1712, 25175, 5928, 8714, 351, 28306, 26980, 918, 8714, 13 ]	[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]	20.672548

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Socialist Democracy (Brazil)' Socialist Democracy (, DS) is a far-left

Socialist Democracy (, DS) is a far-left Trotskyist group in Brazil. Formed in 1979, DS was affiliated to the United Secretariat of the Fourth International. DS was one of the first groups to affiliate with the Workers' Party (PT) when the PT formed in 1980. The activists in Socialist Democracy hoped to transform the PT into a revolutionary socialist party. As the PT grew, DS grew to become one of the largest Trotskyist organizations in the world. DS has been most prominent in the municipal government of Porto Alegre, where DS member Raul Pont was vice-mayor from 1992 to 1996 and mayor from 1996 to 2000, and the state government of Rio Grande do Sul. DS members played a significant role in the elaboration of the Participatory Budget (though they had initially opposed its introduction) and also in the arrangements for the three World Social Forums held in Porto Alegre.

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10.815623

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'George Michael (professor)' George Joseph Michael (born January 30, 1961)

George Joseph Michael (born January 30, 1961) is an English singer, songwriter and record producer. He achieved international success with the pop music duo Wham! in the 1980s and early 1990s, before embarking on a successful solo career. His 1987 debut album Faith featured the UK number-one single "Faith", which remains his best-selling single. Michael's subsequent studio albums include Listen Without Prejudice (1989), ballads such as "I Want Your Sex" (1991) and "Careless Whisper" (1992), and the dance-pop hits "Faith" (1987) and "Freedom" (1990). In 1998, he released the album Patience. After a six-year hiatus, he returned with the release of Symphonica in 2010. Born in East Finchley, London, Michael began his musical career as a member of the pop duo Wham!. The group achieved international success with their first two albums, Make It Big (1984) and Wham! (1986), selling over 20 million records between them. Their first two singles, "Wake Me Up Before You Go-Go" and "Club Tropicana", became number-one hits in the UK and worldwide. Following Wham!'s split in April 1989, Michael embarked on a successful solo career, releasing his debut album Faith in 1987 to critical acclaim. The album contained the UK number-one single "Faith", which remained Michael's best-selling single. He followed it with Listen Without Prejudice (

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7.245146

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Road to Indy' The Road to Indy Presented by Cooper

The Road to Indy Presented by Cooper Tires is an open-wheel racing series that runs in the United States and Canada. The series is sanctioned by IndyCar and is made up of races that are part of the IndyCar Series and the Cooper Tires USF2000 Championship. The Road to Indy is open to drivers who are not signed to a full-time IndyCar team. The Road to Indy began in 2008 as a way for drivers who were not signed by a full-time IndyCar team to compete in races around North America. In its inaugural year, the series consisted of eight races. The following year, the series increased to ten races, and has since grown to include thirty events. In 2017, the series was renamed the Road to Indy Presented by Cooper Tires in order to better reflect its focus on junior drivers. The Road to Indy is divided into three stages: the Pre-season Program, the Cooper Tires USF2000 Championship, and the IndyCar Series. The Pre-season Program consists of four rounds of races that are open to all drivers, including those who are not signed by a full-time IndyCar team. The Cooper Tires USF2000 Championship is a series of ten races that features drivers who are not signed by a full-time IndyCar team. The Indianapolis 500 is the only race in the IndyCar Series that is open to drivers who are not signed by a full-time IndyCar team.

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3.342667

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'George Bird Grinnell' George Bird Grinnell (September 20, 1849 –

George Bird Grinnell (September 20, 1849 – April 11, 1938) was an American anthropologist, historian, naturalist, and writer. Grinnell was born in Brooklyn, New York, and graduated from Yale University with a B.A. in 1870 and a Ph.D. in 1880. Originally specializing in zoology, he became a prominent early conservationist and student of Native American life. Grinnell has been recognized for his influence on public opinion and work on legislation to preserve the American bison. Mount Grinnell in Glacier National Park in Montana is named after Grinnell. Exploration and conservation Grinnell had extensive contact with the terrain, animals and Native Americans of the northern plains, starting with being part of the last great hunt of the Pawnee in 1872. He spent many years studying the natural history of the region. As a graduate student, he accompanied Lieutenant Colonel George Armstrong Custer’s 1874 Black Hills expedition as a naturalist. He declined a similar appointment to the ill-fated 1876 Little Big Horn expedition.

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10.96063

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Edward Henry Kraus' Edward Henry Kraus (1875–1973) was a Professor

Edward Henry Kraus (1875–1973) was a Professor of English at the University of Wisconsin–Madison from 1922 to 1956. He is best known for his work in historical linguistics. Kraus was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, on October 4, 1875. After receiving his bachelor's degree from the University of Wisconsin–Madison in 1896, he taught high school for a year before beginning his studies at the University of Berlin. He received his doctorate from the University of Berlin in 1903. Kraus returned to the United States in 1904 and began teaching English at what was then known as the Wisconsin State Normal School (now the University of Wisconsin–Madison). He held this position until 1922, when he was appointed Professor of English. Kraus served as chair of the English department from 1937 to 1956. Kraus's research focused on historical linguistics, a field he created in 1917. He is best known for his work on Germanic languages, which he documented extensively in his book Germanic Syntax (1925). Kraus retired from the University of Wisconsin–Madison in 1956, but continued to teach until his death on March 6, 1973.

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5.215278

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Kenneth Van Goethem' Kenneth Van Goethem (born 13 February 1984,

Kenneth Van Goethem (born 13 February 1984, in Sint-Niklaas) is a Belgian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Belgian club K.V. Oostende. Van Goethem began his career with K.V. Oostende, making his debut in the 2001–02 season. He played in 243 official matches for the club over a six-year period, scoring 30 goals. In 2007, Van Goethem moved to Club Brugge, where he played until 2009. He then signed with Anderlecht, where he played until 2013. In total, Van Goethem made 229 appearances and scored 46 goals in the Belgian Pro League. In December 2013, Van Goethem signed with Serie A club Palermo, for a fee of €4 million. He made his debut for the club on 10 January 2014 in a 2–1 away win over Catania. He scored his first goal for Palermo on 17 January 2014, netting the game's only goal in a 1–0 home victory over Parma. In June 2014, Van Goethem was loaned to Greek side Olympiacos for the 2014–15 season. On 21 July 2015, he joined Turkish side Fenerbahçe on a season-long loan deal. On 21 January 2016, he moved to fellow Turkish side Galatasaray on a free transfer. On 1 July 2017, Van Goethem signed with KV Oostende.

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4.453087

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Dinesh Kumar Mani' Dinesh Kumar Mani (born January 10, 1953)

Dinesh Kumar Mani (born January 10, 1953) is a philanthropist and medical researcher and practitioner in the field of alternative medicine, known for his contributions in the treatment of cancer. He and Sant Prasad founded the first bonded laboratory in Bihar to do research in alternative medicines. He is also the founder and director of the Rural Health Organization, which works to improve health conditions of people living in the countryside and organizes camps for free treatment of patients. He is the author of many books on cancer and healthy lifestyles. He was one of the medical advisers to V. P. Singh during the year 1994, while the former Prime Minister was suffering from blood cancer. Early life He was born in Arrah district of Bihar. His father, the late Dr. Sant Prasad, was a renowned philanthropist, educationist and medical practitioner. His father fought with the India’s freedom movement with Dr. Rajendra Prasad and Pandit Jawahar Lal Nehru. His father was the first person from Bihar to travel to the United States and other countries to train, learning about rural and social welfare programmes.

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18.082378

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Anti-Normanism' Normanism (also known as Normanist theory, Norman

Normanism (also known as Normanist theory, Norman theory) is a name (more often used by its opponents than its proponents) for a historiographical theory about the origin of Russia, Ukraine, Belarus and their historic predecessor, Kievan Rus'. The theory holds that Kievan Rus' was founded by Norse settlers, predominantly from Sweden, rather than by Slavs. In one form or another, this has become the mainstream narrative of the Viking Age in Eastern Europe and the consensus position of most professional historians. Anti-Normanism is a movement of historical revisionism in opposition to the Normanist theory, and is current particularly among some Russian and Ukrainian historians. At the centre of the disagreement is the Rus' people, a people generally considered to be of Scandinavian origin and who arrived in Eastern Europe in the 8th and 9th centuries, but who during the 10th and 11th centuries merged with Fenno-Ugrics, Balts and East Slavs, and together with them formed Kievan Rus' with Old East Slavic as a common language, and with the name Rus''' as a common marker of identity.

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16.235279

How do developed nations change their voting systems, short of revolution? I've been learning about the STV (Single Transferable Vote), and I can't understand how the current system in the USA could possibly be preferable to this: URL_ 0 Please explain like I' m five.

Developed nations often change their voting systems through a process called electoral reform. This can involve changes to the way elections are conducted, such as switching to a different voting system like the Single Transferable Vote (STV). In the United States, electoral reform is typically initiated by lawmakers at the state or federal level. If a bill proposing a change to the voting system is passed by the legislature and signed into law by the executive, the new system will be implemented in future elections.The process of changing a voting system can be difficult, as it often requires the support of a majority of lawmakers and can be controversial. Some people may oppose electoral reform because they believe that the current system works well, or because they are concerned about the potential impact on their political party.The Single Transferable Vote (STV) is a voting system that is used in some elections, including some elections in the United States. In STV, voters rank candidates in order of preference. If a candidate receives a majority of the first preference votes, they are elected. If no candidate receives a majority, the candidate with the fewest votes is eliminated, and their votes are transferred to the next preferred candidate on the voter's ballot. This process continues until a candidate receives a majority of the votes. STV is designed to ensure that the winner of an election represents the majority of voters and to allow voters to express their preferences more accurately. Some people believe that STV is a more fair and democratic voting system than the current system used in the United States, which is called the "first past the post" system. In the first past the post system, the candidate who receives the most votes wins, regardless of whether they have a majority of the votes.

hc3-reddit_eli5

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3.967226

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Keymaker' Keymaker is a fictional character, portrayed by

Keymaker is a fictional character, portrayed by Korean-American actor Randall Duk Kim, in the 2003 film The Matrix Reloaded. He is a computer program that can create shortcut commands, physically represented as keys, which can be used by other programs to gain quick access to various areas within the simulated reality of the Matrix. He appears as an elderly, bespectacled Korean man dressed in a button-down shirt, smock, and an apron hung with bunches of keys. Backstory and role The Keymaker is an "Exile", a program whose usefulness has come to an end and that has chosen to hide in the Matrix rather than be deleted. The Oracle tells Neo that he will need the Keymaker's help in order to reach the Source, the machine mainframe; however, he is being held captive by a dangerous Exile known as the Merovingian. Neo, Morpheus, and Trinity are rebuffed when they demand that the Merovingian release the Keymaker, but his wife Persephone betrays him and takes them to where the Keymaker is being held: a small room in which he toils over a key-cutting machine. Thousands of previously made keys hang in bunches on the walls.

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18.062586

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Joanna Hogg' Joanna Hogg (born 20 March 1960) is

Joanna Hogg (born 20 March 1960) is a British film director and screenwriter. She made her directorial and screenwriting feature film debut in 2007 with Unrelated. Two of her films, The Souvenir (2019) and The Souvenir Part II (2021), topped the Sight & Sound annual poll for best film in their respective years, receiving nominations at the British Independent Film Awards, the Independent Spirit Awards and at the Berlin International Film Festival. Early TV work After leaving school in the late 1970s, Hogg worked as a photographer and began to make experimental super-8 films after borrowing a camera from Derek Jarman, who became an early mentor after a chance meeting in Patisserie Valerie in Soho. One of these, a film about a kinetic sculpture by artist Ron Haselden, won her a place to study direction at the National Film and Television School. In 1986, her graduation piece called Caprice starred Tilda Swinton. On graduation, Hogg directed several music videos for artists such as Alison Moyet, and won her first television commission writing and directing a programme segment for Janet Street Porter's Channel Four series Network 7, Flesh + Blood. In the 1990s, Hogg directed episodes of London Bridge, Casualty and London's Burning. She also directed the EastEnders special EastEnders: Dot's Story (2003).

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22.816242

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Digital edition' A digital edition is an online magazine

A digital edition is an online magazine or online newspaper delivered in electronic form which is formatted identically to the print version. Digital editions are often called digital facsimiles to underline the likeness to the print version. Digital editions have the benefit of reduced cost to the publisher and reader by avoiding the time and the expense to print and deliver paper edition. This format is considered more environmentally friendly due to the reduction of paper and energy use. These editions also often feature interactive elements such as hyperlinks both within the publication itself and to other internet resources, search option and bookmarking, and can also incorporate multimedia such as video or animation to enhance articles themselves or for advertisement purposes. Some delivery methods also include animation and sound effects that replicate turning of the page to further enhance the experience of their print counterparts. Magazine publishers have traditionally relied on two revenue sources: selling ads and selling magazines. Additionally some publishers are using other electronic publication methods such as RSS to reach out to readers and inform them when new digital editions are available. Current technologies are generally either reader-based, requiring a download of an application and subsequent download of each edition, or browser-based, often using Macromedia Flash , requiring no application download (such as Adobe Acrobat). Some application-based readers allow users to access editions while not connected to internet. Dedicated hardware such as the Amazon Kindle and the iPad is also available for reading digital editions of select books, popular national magazines such as Time, The Atlantic, and Forbes and popular national newspapers such as the New York Times, Wall Street Journal, and Washington Post.

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23.862751

How can the Humble Bundle sell $260 worth of Steam games/DLC for only $15? Title. Please explain like I' m five.

The Humble Bundle is a company that offers bundles of video games and other digital content at discounted prices. They are able to offer such steep discounts because they have made deals with the publishers of the games to sell them at a lower price. The Humble Bundle also makes money through donations from customers, which allows them to offer the games at a lower price than they would otherwise be able to. Additionally, the Humble Bundle often offers a mix of newer and older games, which can help to bring down the overall price of the bundle.

hc3-reddit_eli5

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7.02596

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Baron Greville' Baron Greville, of Clonyn, County Westmeath, was

Baron Greville, of Clonyn, County Westmeath, was an Irish peer and politician. Baron Greville was the second son of the Reverend George Greville, Dean of Cashel. He was educated at Trinity College, Dublin, and became a Fellow of Trinity in 1876. He succeeded his father in 1877. Greville was elected to the House of Commons for Westmeath in 1882, a seat he held until 1886. He served as Under-Secretary for Ireland in the first Gladstone ministry from 1885 to 1886, and as Colonial Secretary in the second Gladstone ministry from 1886 to 1892. He was made a Knight Bachelor in 1889. Greville also served as Lord Lieutenant of Westmeath from 1893 to 1898, and as President of the Royal Irish Academy from 1898 to 1902. He died at his home, Clonyn, near Mullingar, County Westmeath, on 17 January 1902.

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6.015333

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Choe U' Choe U (; 1166 - 10 December

Choe U (; 1166 - 10 December 1249) was the second Choe dictator of the Ubong Choe Military regime. He himself went out on the battlefield to lead in fighting off the Mongolian invasions. Then he realized that the government was no longer safe at the capital city of Kaesong, and so he forced the king and his officials to flee to Ganghwa island. He took some of his armies and went to Ganghwa island with them. He did this because he knew that the Mongols would not attempt a naval assault against Ganghwa. Therefore, the Goryeo government was kept safe for several decades even after the Choe regime. Background Choe U was the son of the Goryeo Dynasty military regime's founder, Choe Chung-Heon (최충헌,崔忠獻), and grandson of the Grand General Choe Won-Ho (최원호,崔元浩). Choe U's birthdate is unknown, but it is known that the Choe family lived in the capital of Kaesong at the time when Choe Chung-Heon assassinated Yi Ui-Min. Choe U was around the age of seventeen when his father assassinated the tyrant Yi in 1196, and saw how his father amassed and wielded power. Choe U was said to have been a skilled general and fighter as well as an exceptional statesman.

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18.042175

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Teddie Gerard' Teddie Gerard (born Teresa Cabre, May 2,

Teddie Gerard (born Teresa Cabre, May 2, 1963) is an American singer, songwriter and actress. She has released two albums, one of which was certified platinum. Her work in television and film has led to her being referred to as a "pop culture icon". Teddie Gerard was born Teresa Cabre on May 2, 1963, in Los Angeles, California. She is of Mexican descent. Gerard's family moved to the San Francisco Bay Area when she was a child, and she attended El Sobrante High School. She studied theater at the University of California, Davis. Gerard began her music career in the early 1980s as a backing vocalist for the funk and R&B group the Emotions. In 1984, she released her first album, "Teddie Gerard", which was produced by Jerry Butler and had minor success on the charts. In 1985, she starred in the cult film "The Goonies". The following year, she released her second album, "Love Letters", which was more successful than its predecessor and achieved gold status. In 1991, Gerard starred in the television series "Soap" as Victoria Newman. The show ran for six seasons and was highly successful; it spawned two spin-off series and several video games. In 1996, she released her third album, "Tenacity". That year, she also starred in the film "The Net". In 1998, Gerard released her fourth album, "Between Dreams & Reality", which failed to achieve commercial success.

wiki-intro

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7.244104

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Neil McInnes (politician)' Neil Malcolm McInnes (26 August 1924 –

Neil Malcolm McInnes (26 August 1924 – 22 September 2013) was a Scottish Conservative Party politician who served as the Member of Parliament for Aberdeen South from 1983 to 1997. Born in Aberdeen, McInnes was educated at the Royal High School and Aberdeen University. He began his career as a civil servant, working in the Department of Agriculture and Fisheries and then the Department of Economic Affairs. He joined the Conservative Party in 1962, and was elected to North-East Aberdeenshire Council in 1967. McInnes was elected to Parliament in 1983, and became a junior minister under Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher. Following Thatcher's resignation in 1990, he served as Secretary of State for Scotland until being forced to resign in 1992 over his involvement in the John Major 'cash for questions' scandal. He returned to the backbenches, serving as an opposition spokesman on agriculture and fisheries before retiring from Parliament in 1997.

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5.432547

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Edelfrei' The term edelfrei or hochfrei ("free noble"

The term edelfrei or hochfrei ("free noble" or "free knight") was originally used to designate and distinguish those Germanic noblemen from the Second Estate (see Estates of the realm social hierarchy), who were legally entitled to atonement reparation of three times their "Weregild" (Wergeld) value from a guilty person or party. Such knights were known as Edelfreie or Edelinge. This distinguished them from those other free men or free knights who came from the Third Estate social hierarchy, and whose atonement reparation value was the standard "Weregild" (Wergeld) amount set according to regional laws. In the Holy Roman Empire, the "high nobility" emerged from the Edelfreie during the course of the 12th century, in contrast to the so-called ministeriales, most of whom were originally unfree knights or . In the Middle Ages edelfrei or hochfrei meant, in simple terms, that someone was a member of an ancient, dynastic aristocratic line. Free noble families were independent of legal obligations of a secondary nature, and they were not subordinated to any other families or dynasties, apart from the king or emperor. The modern concept of aristocracy (Uradel) must not be confused with the term edelfrei, since the former term's scope is much broader: all families that can prove they belonged to the knightly aristocracy by no later than around 1400 (whether originally edelfrei or ministeriales) are counted today as Uradel, i.e., the aristocracy.

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25.683558

How do eels produce electricity? How much voltage or ampere are they producing? Explain like I' m five.

Yo ho ho! Yer not alone in askin', and kind strangers have explained: 1. [ELI5: How do electric eels produce electricity and how much?] (URL_ 2) 1. [ELI5: How do electric eels generate electric current?] (URL_ 3) 1. [ELI5: How do Eels create electricity?] (URL_ 5) 1. [ELI5: How do creatures like eels produce electricity?] (URL_ 0) 1. [ELI5: How does an electric eel produce its deadly electricity? Where does it come from?] (URL_ 1) 1. [ELI5: How do electric eels generate voltage?] (URL_ 4) Animals (including humans) already generate electricity. We do it by changing electrical potentials in our cells by opening ion channels that allow sodium to flow through. Normally this is a very small amount of electricity. Electric eels have stacks of 5, 000-6, 000 electroplaques that combine to create shocks up to 860 volts at 1 ampere. They have three pairs of organs: the main organ, Hunter's organ, and the Sach's organ. They're derived from modified nerve cells and thus their cells are flattened, disc like, known as "* electrocytes *"-each of them producing about * * 0. 15 V * * electric field via efflux of Na+ and K+ through Na/K ATP pump. And this occurs every time the pacemaker neurons [aka medullary command nucleus-forms of modified neurons] are stimulated, that discharge chemical messengers known as acetylcholines. These acetylcholines reach the electrocytes and stimulate them to cause efflux of Na and K cations.

hc3-reddit_eli5

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25.84635

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Eelam War III' Eelam War III is the name given

Eelam War III is the name given to the third phase of armed conflict between the Sri Lankan military and the separatist Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE). After the period of 100 days cease-fire the hostilities broke out on 19 April 1995. The LTTE - Sea Tigers planted explosives in two gun boats known as SLNS 'Sooraya' and 'Ranasuru', and blew them up. Also, a new weapon "Stinger", a shoulder-launched anti-aircraft missile was used in this conflict by the LTTE. This was used to take down two Sri Lankan Air Force AVRO aircraft flying over the Jaffna peninsula. Eelam War III also marked the rising success of the LTTE, as they managed to capture key districts such as Kilinochchi and Mullaitivu, and took over the Elephant Pass base. By the end of Eelam War III, the LTTE had control of nearly 30% of the entire island. Major military operations (in chronological order)

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15.19781

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Gerhard Jorch' Gerhard Jorch (born 1951 in Neuhaus/Paderborn Germany)

Gerhard Jorch (born 1951 in Neuhaus/Paderborn Germany) is a German pediatrician. He is Professor for general pediatrics and neonatology at the Otto-von-Guericke University of Magdeburg and director of the University children's hospital. Curriculum vitae Gerhard Jorch was born as the eldest of seven siblings in Neuhaus. He got highschool education at Gymnasium Theodorianum Paderborn and thereafter performed his medical study at the Philipps-University of Marburg from 1970-1977 supported by a national grant (Studienstiftung des Deutschen Volkes). He finished his doctoral thesis work (Dr. med.) in 1976. From 1977 – 1982 he performed pediatric training at the Friedrich-Wilhelms-University of Münster and became assistant medical director of the pediatric and neonatal care unit of the university children's hospital in 1982. In 1985 he finished his habilitation thesis work (Dr.med. habil.) and was nominated as university lecturer (PD). He became (apl.) Professor for Pediatrics in 1990. In 1998 he was appointed by the Otto-von-Guericke University of Magdeburg as director of the Department for general pediatrics and neonatology and became head of the whole university hospital of children in 2006. He is clinically specialized in neonatology, pediatric intensive care and neuropediatrics. After his retirement on September 30, 2018, Jorch has shifted the focus of his work to the supervision of mother-child centers in China. Jorch is married and has nine children.:

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17.004679

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Minakuchi Okayama Castle' was a Sengoku period Japanese castle located

was a Sengoku period Japanese castle located in the city of Minakuchi, Okayama Prefecture. It is now in ruins, but a few buildings remain. The castle was first built in 1488 by the Minakuchi clan, and was later rebuilt in the early 1600s by the Matsudaira clan. The castle was seized by the Tokugawa shogunate in 1614, and remained under their control until the Meiji period. The castle was destroyed in 1893 during the Meiji period firebombing of Okayama.

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6.995564

Back pain with frequent urinationmale 72 yrs old back pain above hip pain comes and goes frequent urination unset of pain usually happens when twisting waist

hello kaith.. â ' the above signs are mostly of two diseases named urinary tract infection or secondary diabetes.. go to ur family physician for further concern.. wish u a very good health

hc3-medicine

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314.130432

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Barbary Crusade' The Barbary Crusade, also called the Mahdia

The Barbary Crusade, also called the Mahdia Crusade, was a Franco-Genoese military expedition in 1390 that led to the siege of Mahdia, then a stronghold of the Barbary pirates in Hafsidi Ifriqiya (geographically corresponding to modern Tunisia). Froissart's Chronicles is the chief account of what was one of the last crusades. Background During the lulls of the Hundred Years War knights looked for opportunities for glory and honor. As Genoese ambassadors approached the French king Charles VI to subscribe to a crusade, they eagerly supported the plan to fight Muslim pirates from North Africa. These pirates had their main base at Mahdia on the Barbary coast. Genoa was ready to supply ships, supplies, 12,000 archers and 8,000 foot soldiers, if France would provide the knights. The proposal by the doge Antoniotto Adorno was presented as a crusade. As such it would give prestige to its participants, a moratorium on their debts, immunity from lawsuits, and papal indulgence. The French force also included some English participants and consisted of 1,500 knights under the leadership of Louis II, Duke of Bourbon.

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29.300484

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Rebellatrix' Rebellatrix divaricerca ("rebel coelacanth (with a) forked

Rebellatrix divaricerca ("rebel coelacanth (with a) forked tail", after the unique tail fin) is a large prehistoric coelacanth from the Lower Triassic Sulphur Mountain formation and Wapiti Lake Provincial Park of British Columbia. It is the only known species of the family Rebellatricidae. R. divaricerca's most distinguishing feature was its tuna-like forked tail (unusual for an actinistian fish), which suggested a fast-swimming and active lifestyle, unlike coelacanths related to the living species. The holotype specimen is a nearly complete fossil, with the exception of some fins and a large amount of the skull, as well as an incomplete tail fin. Three other specimens reveal the rest of the tail. The rebel coelacanth may have reached in length. In addition to its uniquely forked (and symmetrical) tail fin, the posterior dorsal fin is behind the anal fin rather than opposite it. Rebellatrix is believed to have been a fast-swimming predator, since its tail is clearly built for speed, and modern coelacanths only use the tail fin when attacking prey, and would have been one of the first non-sharks to fill this niche.

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20.89159

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Emma Lundh' Emma Linnea Lundh (born 26 June 1989)

Emma Linnea Lundh (born 26 June 1989) is a Swedish model and actress. She is the winner of the 2008 and 2009 Elite Model Look Sweden contests and was the runner-up in the 2006 contest. Lundh has appeared in magazines such as Vogue Italia, W, Elle Germany and GQ Sweden, and has been photographed by Karl Lagerfeld, Patrick Demarchelier and Mario Testino. In 2009, she starred in the film Swallows and Amazons directed by Michael Haneke.

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10.236112

Why does doubling up two plastic grocery bags make them less likely to break under heavy weight? And I know it ’ s not because I spent an extra 25 cents on a second bag... Explain like I' m five.

If the plastic is not able to handle the weight it will stretch. If you stretch the plastic just a little bit then it can still hold roughly the same amount of weight but if you stretch it further it is getting thinner and can not support as much weight as before. But if you have two plastic bags inside each other what happens when the plastic stretches is that the weight gets transfered to the other bag. So you end up with roughly equal weight on both bags which doubles the carrying capacity before the bag breaks. Its because the weight is now distributed between the two bags instead of just the one bag So its like each bag only “ carries ” half the weight of whatevers inside Your milk jug's weight is spread over the entirety of the bag not just the bottom. Therefore 2 bags, the weight is spread over both.

hc3-reddit_eli5

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22.209791

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Kari Løvaas' Kari Løvaas (born 13 May 1939) is

Kari Løvaas (born 13 May 1939) is a Norwegian operatic soprano who made an international career, mostly using the German spelling of her name, Kari Lövaas, outside Scandinavia. She has performed at international festivals such as the Salzburg Festival and the Lucerne Festival in both opera and concert. She participated in complete recordings of rarely performed operas, including works by Haydn and composers of the 20th century, has recorded Lieder and has regularly appeared in choral concerts. Career Løvaas grew up at Brekkeparken in Skien where she also had one of her first appearances. In 1955 she was accepted by the Oslo Conservatory of Music, aged 16, studying under the mentorship of Ingeborg Vorbeck. She made her opera debut as "Nuri" in Eugen d'Albert's Tiefland in the opening performance at the Norwegian National Opera and Ballet on 16 February 1959 on the recommendation of Kirsten Flagstad who had sung the same role for her debut. She was then offered the role of Pamina in Mozarts Die Zauberflöte at the Norwegian Opera and appeared in two productions.

wiki-intro

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22.333704

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'AN/ARC-190' The AN/ARC-190 is an airborne HF communications

The AN/ARC-190 is an airborne HF communications system, found on C-130, C-20, KC-135, C-141, C-5, C-9, KC-10, B-1, B-52, C-17, E-3, E-4, E-8 JSTARS, F-15, F-16, H-53, H-60, S-2T, and Bell Boeing V-22 Osprey aircraft. System Description The ARC-190 is a military HF radio that operates between 2-30 MHz and transmits at 300+ watts. It features a dual heterodyne receiver/transmitter that uses IF frequencies of 97.8 and 1.8 MHz, an antenna coupler that is pressurized to 7±1 PSI with dry nitrogen (air) which (1) prevents high voltage arcing, (2) prevents corrosion, (3) provides a uniform cooling medium, and one of various controls which provide access to 30 preset channels, 30,000 normal channels, 280,000 channels when using SSB, test functions, squelch, power on/off, and one of 8 modes of operation: UV (Upper Voice), LV (Lower Voice), UD (Upper Data), LD (Lower Data), CW (Continuous Wave), AME (Amplitude Modulated Equivalent), P (Preset) and A (not used).

wiki-intro

0

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22.196821

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Panulirus pascuensis' Panulirus pascuensis is a species of spiny

Panulirus pascuensis is a species of spiny lobster that is endemic to the Mediterranean Sea. It is found at depths of between 10 and 50 m. Panulirus pascuensis is a species of spiny lobster that is endemic to the Mediterranean Sea. It is found at depths of between 10 and 50 m. Panulirus pascuensis can reach a carapace length of up to 70 cm. The colour of the carapace varies from light brown to dark brown, with reddish blotches and spots. The chelicerae are yellow with dark brown tips, and the legs are dark brown.

wiki-intro

1

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3.694994

Shares in Chinese startup company

It is not appropriate for me to provide specific information or recommendations about shares in a particular company, as doing so could be considered investment advice and I am not qualified to give such advice. In general, investing in shares of startup companies can be risky because they are often untested and may not have a track record of financial performance. It is important for investors to carefully research and consider all of the risks and potential rewards of investing in any company, particularly startups. Additionally, it is important to diversify your investment portfolio and not to invest more than you can afford to lose. It is always advisable to consult with a financial professional or seek out independent financial advice before making any investment decisions.

hc3-finance

1

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4.810407

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Türkentor (Helmstedt)' The Türkentor (Turks' Gate) is a triumphal

The Türkentor (Turks' Gate) is a triumphal arch in the city of Helmstedt, in Lower Saxony, Germany. Construction of the Türkentor began in 1827 and was completed in 1830. It is a popular tourist destination, and has been labelled a cultural heritage site. The arch is made of sandstone and is 22 metres high and 11 metres wide. It is decorated with a series of reliefs depicting Turkish life and culture.

wiki-intro

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8.546989

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Muzzle clamp' The muzzle clamp is a method of

The muzzle clamp is a method of killing used by big predators, usually cats such as Panthera leo, the lion, Panthera pardus, the leopard, and Panthera uncia, the snow leopard. It requires the subduing of prey, usually completely on the ground and pinned by the predator, and the engulfing of the muzzle of the prey entirely in the mouth of the predator, blocking respiration through either the mouth or nose. Usage It is generally easier for large, social carnivores to use this method with large prey when there are multiple individuals holding the prey still while it suffocates, in the case of the lion, or for solitary carnivores killing weak or small animals. It is not as common as the throat clamp with cats. It is also a calculated measure not seen often because most predators are known, especially canids and hyaenids, for eating the prey while it's still alive and letting it die of loss of blood and/or shock, not bothering with killing it first. This method also silences the prey for the most part and can be used by solitary animals to keep the noise down as not to attract other predators with the commotion.

wiki-intro

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21.635574

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'History of Madagascar' The history of Madagascar is distinguished clearly

The history of Madagascar is distinguished clearly by the early isolation of the landmass from the ancient supercontinent containing Africa and India, and by the island's late colonization by human settlers from the Sunda islands (Malay Archipelago) and from East Africa. These two factors facilitated the evolution and survival of thousands of endemic plant and animal species, some of which have gone extinct or are currently threatened with extinction due to the government not allocating resources to help the growing population, causing many people to resort to harmful environmental practices as a way of survival. Trade in the Indian Ocean at the time of first colonization of Madagascar was dominated by large ships, called Djong, coming from Java and Sumatra. Over the past two thousand years the island has received waves of settlers of diverse origins including Austronesian, Bantu, Arab, South Asian, Chinese and European. The majority of the population of Madagascar today is a mixture of Austronesian and Bantu settlers. Despite popular belief, there has been no genetic input from Arabs or Indians, although one tribe, the Antemoro, claims descent from Somali Arab traders. European and Middle eastern paternal ancestry is also present.

wiki-intro

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18.65185

Why do most cakes and dessert recipes call for eggs? Almost every single cake/dessert recipe calls for egg! What's about eggs that makes them so essential. Explain like I' m five.

\nEggs are used in cakes and desserts for a few different reasons.\n\nFirst, eggs help to bind the ingredients together. This means that they help to hold the cake or dessert together and make it less crumbly.\n\nSecond, eggs add moisture to the recipe. This helps to make the cake or dessert softer and more tender.\n\nFinally, eggs also help to give cakes and desserts a nice, fluffy texture. This is because the proteins in eggs can trap air and create pockets of air in the mixture as it is being mixed and baked. These pockets of air help to lighten the texture of the finished product.\n\nSo, eggs are an important ingredient in many cakes and desserts because they help to create the right texture and structure for the finished product.

hc3-reddit_eli5

1

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5.236785

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Degrowth' Degrowth is a term used for

Degrowth is a term used for both a political, economic, and social movement as well as a set of theories that critiques the paradigm of economic growth. It is based on ideas from a diverse range of lines of thought such as political ecology, ecological economics, feminist political ecology, and environmental justice, pointing out the social and ecological harm caused by the pursuit of infinite growth and Western "development" imperatives. Degrowth emphasizes the need to reduce global consumption and production (social metabolism) and advocates a socially just and ecologically sustainable society with social and environmental well-being replacing GDP as the indicator of prosperity. Hence, although GDP is likely to shrink in a "Degrowth society", i.e. a society in which the objectives of the degrowth movement are achieved, this is not the primary objective of degrowth. Degrowth highlights the importance of autonomy, care work, self-organization, commons, community, open localism, work sharing, happiness and conviviality.

wiki-intro

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19.059248

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Kwame Cavil' Kwame Cavil is a former gridiron football

Kwame Cavil is a former gridiron football wide receiver. College career Cavil played college football at the University of Texas at Austin from 1997 to 1999. In 1999, he set a school single-season record by recording 100 receptions. He was the first player ever to leave one of Mack Brown's Texas teams with college eligibility remaining. Cavil was suspended from the team prior to the bowl game in his junior year, for "violation of team rules." The nature of the violation was not specified by Brown, Cavil, or the university. It is uncertain if Cavil would have been welcomed back to the team for his senior season if he had not left early, but it was reported at the time that Brown says he never tells players what to do if they are considering entering the NFL draft early, implying that it was in fact an early departure for the draft. Cavil himself said "After great deliberation with my family, I have decided to forgo my final year of eligibility and go to the NFL," Cavil subsequently went undrafted.

wiki-intro

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11.812251

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Mysteries of Isis' The mysteries of Isis were religious initiation

The mysteries of Isis were religious initiation ceremonies of the ancient Egyptian goddess Isis. The mysteries of Isis were religious initiation ceremonies of the ancient Egyptian goddess Isis. They were performed by a select group of priests who were entrusted with the secrecy of these rites. The initiation ceremonies involved the candidate entering into a deep and spiritual union with Isis. The goal was to gain access to her divine power and wisdom.

wiki-intro

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10.988472

Why do southern states freak out over a little snow? It snowed like 3 inches in NC and there were abandoned cars everywhere. Explain like I' m five.

Snow can be a big problem for some places, especially if they don't get very much of it and aren't used to dealing with it. When it snows, the roads can get slippery and harder to drive on, which can make it dangerous for people to be on the roads. Some places, like the southern states you mentioned, don't have a lot of snowplows or other equipment to clear the roads, so it can be difficult for people to get around. When people get scared or worried about the snow, they might decide not to drive or to stay home so they don't have to go out in it. This can lead to a lot of abandoned cars on the roads or people staying home and not being able to go to work or run errands.

hc3-reddit_eli5

1

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6.898719

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Marysville Power Plant' The "Marysville Power Plant", "nicknamed the Mighty

The "Marysville Power Plant", "nicknamed the Mighty Marysville", "was a Coal-Fired Power Plant" "in Marysville, Michigan on the shore of the St. Clair River". "The plant was "imploded"? on November 7, 2015, after the land was sold to a developer". History of the Property The power plant was built on land that formerly housed a lumber mill. The mill was erected in 1690 and is claimed to be the first European settlement in present-day St. Clair County. In 1817 legislator, judge, and businessman Zephaniah W. Bunce came to the area. He named it "Bunceville" and the creek that ran through it "Bunce Creek". Bunceville, along with other small settlements along the St. Clair River would be consolidated into the community of Marysville in the late 1800s. The Bunce household was demolished for construction of the Power Plant and the creek was re-routed underneath the property. A rock and plaque mark the location of the Bunce homestead on the Detroit Edison property.

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19.312391

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Fundación Chile' Fundación Chile (FCh) is a non profit

Fundación Chile (FCh) is a non profit corporation created in 1976 through a joint agreement between the Chilean government and ITT Corporation. It is essentially a technological do tank that has worked successfully to foster Chilean business and industry growth through technological innovation and implementation. Projects Fundacion Chile's most notable success has been in the salmon farming industry. FCh is widely credited with turning Chile (a country with no native salmon population) into the world's second largest salmon producer. They have done this through a number of different business ventures. FCh has worked with the public Chilean school system to create EducarChile, an internet portal which has become a pillar of the national school system and the 7th most visited site in Chile. FCh has worked with the competences of employment of people to create an internet portal which has become the first observatory of labor market movements in Chile. They also have a special program to train people in employment skills with a constructivist methodology.

wiki-intro

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28.457529

Why are most vegetarians perfectly ok with eating cheese when a large variety are made with rennet? (An enzyme extracted from the stomach of a calf.) This has always bothered me just a little. Explain like I' m five.

Many vegetarians choose animal-rennet-free cheese. Most types of cheese have alternatives made with vegetarian rennet. Many vegetarians don't know what animal rennet is, so don't know that animals are slaughtered to make the cheese they're eating. Many of the people in said group would make alternative choices if they were aware that cheese is made from animal rennet. Rennet can also be made from [vegetables] (URL_ 0) > Commercial vegetable rennet is often extracted from a mold called mucor miehei. Vegetable rennet is used by vegetarian cheese makers to avoid adding rennet made from animal parts. Some vegetarians are unaware that there is rennet in the cheese or what that is. Being a vegetarian doesn't mean you're educated.

hc3-reddit_eli5

0

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19.710953

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Justseeds' Justseeds Artists' Cooperative is a decentralized, worker-owned

Justseeds Artists' Cooperative is a decentralized, worker-owned cooperative of thirty artists throughout North America. Justseeds members primarily produce handmade prints and publications which are distributed through their website and at conferences and events related to social and environmental movements. Members also work individually as graphic designers for and within a broad swath of social and environmental activist causes in the U.S., Canada, and Mexico. As a collective body, Justseeds has produced several gallery exhibitions of both print work and collaborative sculptural installation. History Justseeds was founded in 1998 by member Josh MacPhee as an internet-based store and distribution point for graphics that MacPhee, his friends, and associated groups were producing. Following the 2006 collapse of Clamor magazine, which was then handling Justseeds mail-order distribution, MacPhee sought to organize several artists with which he already had a working relationship into a cooperative entity that would expand to include other artists with equal stakes in the new project. Originally launched as Justseeds/Visual Resistance Collective in 2007, the name has since been shortened to Justseeds Artists’ Cooperative.

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31.244049

Why can large files like video games be stored and used on a single disc while presumably much smaller things like seasons of shows take multiple discs just thinking, after buying all of A: TLA Please explain like I' m five.

You could actually fit more than 3 episodes of Seinfeld on a DVD if you wanted-they can easily take a full 4 hours of video. It's just that the companies selling the DVDs would rather place them on more discs so that customers don't feel like they're getting ripped off spending $60 on content that had already aired on TV for free. You also need to consider that DVD compression is going to be * far * less efficient than the compression you're used to seeing if you download shows from pirate sites. Pirates are using modern video codecs that expect to have powerful CPUs to play them back. The video compression in the DVD standard is based on the capabilities of 1995-era embedded processors. 20 years of improvements in CPU power & algorithms makes a big difference. I don't think the other answers capture the main difference at all. In a recording of a TV show or movie, what the disc is storing is every single frame of video, at 30 fps. That adds up fast. In a video game, every frame you see is dynamically rendered in 3-D. The data to generate each character, each building, etc. may be large-but it doesn't take any extra disk space to redraw those characters in each new position, from every angle-that's all rendered on the fly. Because shows aren't small. A good quality video can easily push over a gig per hour of play, plus the menus and extras and commentary and all the other useless shit, those discs fill up fast.

hc3-reddit_eli5

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32.049583

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Runggye Adak' Runggye Adak (also Rongye Adak, Runggye Adrak,

Runggye Adak (also Rongye Adak, Runggye Adrak, etc.) is a Tibetan man who was arrested and charged with state subversion against the People's Republic of China after making a series of public political statements at a festival in eastern Tibet, on August 1, 2007. Runggye Adak, said to be a respected local figure and the father of eleven, is a native of Yonru Kharshul, a village near Lithang in the predominantly Tibetan region of Kham. He seized the microphone during a speech at a horse-racing festival in Lithang, and proceeded to call for the return of the Dalai Lama and the release of Gedhun Choekyi Nyima, the present Dalai Lama's candidate for Panchen Lama, and of Tenzin Delek, a lama from Lithang who was sentenced to life in prison for alleged involvement in terrorism, and the independence of Tibet. Runggye Adak was detained shortly thereafter. A spontaneous protest of local people demanding his release lasted several days before being dispersed under threat by riot police.

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17.408974

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'R'cif Mosque' The R'cif Mosque (; also transliterated as

The R'cif Mosque (; also transliterated as Rif Mosque) is a mosque in Rabat, Morocco. It is located in the medina of Rabat, close to the Koutoubia Mosque. The mosque was built in the 12th century and is one of the most important mosques in Rabat. It is also one of the oldest mosques in Morocco. The R'cif Mosque was commissioned by Almohad Caliph Abderrahman III, who had it built on the site of a former synagogue. The mosque was renovated in the 15th century by Marinid ruler Abu Yusuf Yaqub ibn Tashfin. The current structure dates from 1881-1883, during the rule of Mohammed V. It is considered to be one of the finest examples of Moroccan Mamluk architecture. The R'cif Mosque is also known for its minaret, which is one of the tallest in Morocco.

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5.532305

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'The Submarines' The Submarines are an American indie rock

The Submarines are an American indie rock band from Los Angeles formed in 2006. Band history Working as solo artists in Boston, the two members of the band, John Dragonetti and Blake Hazard, were introduced through a mutual friend, Joe Klompus. Dragonetti and Hazard formed a romantic and musical partnership, then took their show to Europe. The relationship lasted for four years, but ended in the fall of 2004 when the pair moved to L.A. After the break-up, both Hazard and Dragonetti continued writing songs, and because Hazard still recorded her music in Dragonetti's home studio, the pair quickly discovered the songs they had written were about each other and their sadness in having broken up. They decided to work on a few songs together and eventually got back together, and married. The new songs were mastered for the couple as a wedding present, and those tracks eventually became their first album. Hazard has said of the relationship, "It’s hard, definitely hard. Luckily we are like-minded aesthetically and musically." Declare a New State!, The Submarines' first album was released in 2006 on the Nettwerk label.

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22.119122

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Janićije Đurić' Janićije Dimitrijević Đurić, also spelled Janićije Djurić,

Janićije Dimitrijević Đurić, also spelled Janićije Djurić, (Stragari near Kragujevac, 1779 - Stragari near Kragujevac, 14 April 1850) was the secretary of Karađorđe Petrović, a member of the Governing State Council and the president of the Court of Appeals. Karađorđe's secretary Janićije Đurić was born in 1779 in Stragari in the Kragujevac nahiye. He was a friend of Tanasko Rajić when his sister Perunika married. He was educated in the monastery of the Annunciation in Rudnik. He joined the insurgents at the very beginning of the First Serbian Uprising in 1804.When Tanasko Rajić heard about the upcoming Orašac Assembly, he took his men and Janićije Đurić and went to the Stragari han (inn) where they killed the innkeeper (hanadžija) and razed the inn to the ground. Janićije Đurić participated in the Orašac Assembly on 14 February 1804.Karađorđe was elected supreme leader (Vožd), and Janićije Đurić was elected his secretary, which he remained until the collapse of the First Serbian Uprising. He immediately wrote nine letters in Orašac, in which Karađorđe called on important people to join the insurrection against the occupying forces. He had a family relationship with Karađorđe [5] and had a great influence on him.Karađorđe used to call him "Janja" (instead of Janićije).

wiki-intro

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17.313011

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Mexico City Marathon' The Mexico City Marathon is an

The Mexico City Marathon is an annual marathon race that takes place in the Mexican capital of Mexico City. The race was first staged in 1970 and has been held annually since then, with the exception of 1978 and 1979 when it was cancelled due to political unrest. The Mexico City Marathon is one of the oldest and most prestigious marathons in the world, and is also considered to be one of the most challenging.

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5.605799

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'SS Comet' SS Comet may also refer to one

SS Comet may also refer to one of two German ocean liners: SS "Comet" (1911-1920), a steel-hulled passenger liner that served as Germany's first transatlantic ocean liner SS "Comet" (1935-1943), a Type C3 cargo ship that was sunk in World War II

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23.917288

How are the clicky tops which let you know the drink has been open made on bottles? Are the drinks bottled in a high pressure factory or something? I didn't know what to google exactly... Sorry!. Explain like I' m five.

The clicky tops that let you know when a drink has been opened are called "tamper-evident caps" or "tamper-evident seals." These caps are typically made from plastic and have a small, thin tab or "flange" that sticks out from the top of the cap. When the cap is first put on the bottle, the flange is pressed down and becomes flush with the rest of the cap. If the cap is then opened, the flange will pop back up, letting you know that the bottle has been opened. To make these tamper-evident caps, plastic pellets are melted and molded into the desired shape using a machine called an injection molding machine. The molded caps are then cooled and removed from the mold, and the flange is added. The caps are then inspected to make sure they are free of defects, and they are packed into boxes and shipped to bottling plants. The bottles themselves are usually made of glass or plastic and are made using a different process called blow molding. In this process, hot, molten plastic is poured into a mold and then inflated with air to form the shape of the bottle. The bottles are then cooled and removed from the mold. The drinks are usually bottled at a bottling plant, not a high pressure factory. The bottling process involves filling the bottles with the drink using a filling machine, and then sealing the bottles with the tamper-evident caps. The bottles are then inspected, labeled, and packed into boxes or onto pallets for shipping.

hc3-reddit_eli5

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15.867019

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Allianz Arena' Allianz Arena (; known as Fußball Arena

Allianz Arena (; known as Fußball Arena München for UEFA competitions) is a football stadium in Munich, Bavaria, Germany with a 70,000 seating capacity for international matches and 75,000 for domestic matches. Widely known for its exterior of inflated ETFE plastic panels, it is the first stadium in the world with a full colour changing exterior. Located at 25 Werner-Heisenberg-Allee at the northern edge of Munich's Schwabing-Freimann borough on the Fröttmaning Heath, it is the second-largest arena in Germany behind Westfalenstadion in Dortmund. FC Bayern Munich has played its home games at the Allianz Arena since the start of the 2005–06 season. The club had previously played their home games at the Munich Olympic Stadium since 1972. 1860 Munich previously had a 50% share in the stadium, but Bayern Munich purchased their shares for €11 million in April 2006 due to 1860 Munich suffering from financial issues. The arrangement allowed 1860 Munich to play at the stadium while retaining no ownership until 2025. However, in July 2017 Bayern terminated the rental contract with 1860, making themselves the sole tenants of the stadium.

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15.328893

Why does a candle go out when I blow on it? I guess it's something I've never thought about. Please explain like I' m five.

When you blow on a candle the movement of the air across the wick removes the heat from the flame. This prevents the wax from reaching the temperature it needs to be at to burn and so puts out the fire. There's something called the [fire triangle] (URL_ 0) (simple wikipedia) that describes what a fire needs: heat, fuel and oxygen. When you blow on the candle hard enough you remove enough heat for the fire to go out because you remove one part of the fire triangle. A fire needs three things to keep burning: fuel, oxygen, and heat. When you blow on a candle, you blow all the hot air away from the wick. Without heat, it can't stay burning.

hc3-reddit_eli5

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13.623733

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'A303 road' The A303 is a trunk road in

The A303 is a trunk road in southern England that runs from the A303 junction with the A30 at Amesbury in Wiltshire to the A30 junction with the M3 motorway at Chertsey in Surrey. The A303 is a major route in south-west England, linking major towns and cities including Amesbury, Salisbury, Basingstoke, Reading, Winchester, Farnham and Chertsey. The road has a total length of . The A303 was designated a trunk road in 1974 and is classed as a major route. It is maintained by Wiltshire County Council and the Highways Agency. Traffic on the A303 generally flows in one direction, from east to west. The A303 forms part of the route of the London to Brighton Veteran Car Run which takes place annually.

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14.537522

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Ratko Adamović' Ratko Adamović (Serbian-Cyrillic: Ратко Адамовић; born 10

Ratko Adamović (Serbian-Cyrillic: Ратко Адамовић; born 10 October 1942 in Knin) is a Serbian writer. Life and Work Adamović studied comparative literature at the Philological Faculty in Belgrade. The writer was long-serving official of the Association of Writers of Serbia for several decades. He is author of fourteen novels, four volumes of collected short stories and essays, created in the period from 1971-2016. The collection Gardens of Spirit (U vrtovima duha) contains essays on Marguerite Yourcenar, Fernand Braudel, Béla Hamvas, John Cowper Powys, Alexander Genis, Paul Virilio, Daniel J. Boorstin, Gaston Bachelard, Isaac Bashevis Singer, Jacques Le Goff, Paulo Coelho, Christoph Ransmayr and others. He received the Isidora Sekulić Award 1997 for his novel Immortal Kaleb (Besmrtni Kaleb); was President of its Jury from 2009-2016. He is recipient of the artists supporting program National Pension of the Republic of Serbia (Nacionalna penzija Republike Srbije) since 2012. His novel Rope (Konopac) has been published in Polish (1982), three of his short stories in German (1979), Lithuanian (1992) and English anthologies (1998). His work is often associated with Serbian science fiction.

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33.526428

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Spring pygmy sunfish' The spring pygmy sunfish, Elassoma alabamae, is

The spring pygmy sunfish, Elassoma alabamae, is a species of pygmy sunfish endemic to springs in northern Alabama. It was historically known to occur in springs in North Alabama along the Tennessee River in Limestone and Lauderdale counties. The spring pygmy sunfish was first discovered in Cave Spring in Lauderdale County, Alabama in 1937 but in 1938, this site was flooded by the creation of the Pickwick Reservoir. The spring pygmy sunfish was considered extinct until its rediscovery in the Beaverdam Spring complex in 1973 by researchers from the University of Tennessee. Appearance The spring pygmy sunfish a small fish that rarely exceeds an inch long. Males and females exhibit different coloration. Breeding males are vividly colored. Overall the breeding male is very dark except for vertical, iridescent blue-green bars along the body and iridescent mottling on the cheek. Females are more muted in coloration when compared to the males.

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12.832702

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Virginia Heinlein' Virginia Heinlein (April 22, 1916 – January

Virginia Heinlein (April 22, 1916 – January 18, 2003), born Virginia Doris Gerstenfeld, was an American chemist, biochemist, engineer, and the third wife and muse of Robert A. Heinlein, a prominent and successful author often considered one of the "Big Three" of science fiction (along with Isaac Asimov and Arthur C. Clarke). Life and career Born to George Joseph and Jeanne D Gerstenfeld (nee Rosenthal)', Virginia was raised in Brooklyn with her brother Leon. A redheaded organic chemist and biochemist, she served as an inspiration for many of the active and talented red-haired women in Heinlein's stories. She met Robert when they both worked at the Naval Air Experimental Station in Philadelphia when she was a lieutenant in the WAVES in the U.S. Navy in World War II. She moved to Los Angeles in 1946 to take an advanced degree, where Heinlein had already relocated after the war. They married on October 21, 1948, in Raton, New Mexico. Shortly thereafter they moved to Colorado, but in 1965 her health was chronically affected by the altitude, so the couple moved to Bonny Doon, California.

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15.084082

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Laticifer' A laticifer is a type of elongated

A laticifer is a type of elongated, filamentous, single-celled organism that is found in soil, water, and other environments. These organisms are capable of converting atmospheric nitrogen into a form that can be used by plants.

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9.319526

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Jan Cicero Gallery' Jan Cicero Gallery was a contemporary art

Jan Cicero Gallery was a contemporary art gallery in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It was founded in 1989 by artist and curator Jan Cicero. The gallery presented new and experimental art, as well as work by established artists. It exhibited both photography and sculpture, as well as painting and video. The gallery hosted group exhibitions, as well as solo shows. In 2010, Jan Cicero Gallery ceased operations. The gallery's collection was auctioned off in December of that year.

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7.935441

How did the Roman Empire Fall? I know there are many reasons and is incredibly complex, but can one of you please explain it to me like I'm retarded? Explain like I' m five.

Sure! The Roman Empire was a large and powerful civilization that ruled much of Europe, western Asia, and northern Africa for many centuries. It was known for its strong military, advanced government, and impressive architecture. However, even great empires can come to an end, and that's what happened to the Roman Empire. There are many reasons why the Roman Empire fell, but here are a few of the main ones: Invasions by barbarian tribes: The Roman Empire was constantly being attacked by barbarian tribes, which were groups of people who lived outside the Roman Empire and were considered uncivilized by Roman standards. These invasions weakened the empire and made it harder to defend itself. Economic troubles: The Roman Empire was very expensive to maintain, and as time went on, it became harder for the government to pay for all the things it needed. This led to economic troubles, which made it harder for the empire to function effectively. Military problems: The Roman Army was once one of the most powerful and well-trained armies in the world, but over time, it became less effective. This made it harder for the empire to defend itself against invasions. Political problems: The Roman Empire was made up of many different parts, and as time went on, it became harder for the government to keep everything running smoothly. There were often conflicts between different parts of the empire, and this made it harder for the empire to function as a whole. Disease and natural disasters: The Roman Empire was also affected by diseases and natural disasters, such as plagues and earthquakes, which made it harder for the empire to recover from other problems. These are just a few of the reasons why the Roman Empire fell. It was a very complex process, and there were many other factors involved as well.

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15.892753

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Cyclone Glenda' Severe Tropical Cyclone Glenda was among the

Severe Tropical Cyclone Glenda was among the strongest cyclones ever to make landfall on the Australian mainland. Forming on 15 December 2004 in the Coral Sea, Glenda rapidly intensified into a Category 5 hurricane on 16 December, before making landfall on Queensland on the same day. After crossing the state, Glenda continued to intensify and reached its peak as a Category 4 storm with winds of 260 km/h (160 mph) and a minimum pressure of 993 hPa (29.53 inHg) on 18 December. The storm then struck New South Wales on 19 December, before weakening as it moved inland. On 21 December, Glenda made a final landfall near Perth, Western Australia, before dissipating the next day. Throughout its duration, Glenda caused major damage and casualties in Queensland, New South Wales and Western Australia, with total losses estimated at $1.5 billion (2004 USD). The storm was also responsible for significant flooding in Queensland and New South Wales.

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6.155549

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Lavrente Calinov' Lavrente Calinov was a Romanian sprint canoer

Lavrente Calinov was a Romanian sprint canoer who competed in the late 1950s and early 1960s. He won one silver medals in the C-2 10000 m event at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships in 1958. He also won 5 silver and bronze medals in the C-2 10000 m event at the European Canoe Sprint World Championships in 1957, 1958, 1960, and 1963. Early life Lavrente Calinov was born in the Danube Delta of Romania in the village of Mila 23 accessible only by boat in a Russian speaking Old Believers community known as Lipovans on August 16, 1936. By the time he was 10 he started helping his father Ignat with fishing work in the Danube Delta. At 16 he left home to work in the city of Sulina as a fisherman on the Black Sea until he was drafted in the Romanian conscription based military service at the time.

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11.842536

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Fort de Cindey' The Fort de Cindey (Swiss designation A155)

The Fort de Cindey (Swiss designation A155) is a component of Fortress Saint-Maurice, which is in turn one of the three principal fortified regions of the National Redoubt of Switzerland. The Fort de Cindey was built in two steps: the first, between 1941 and 1946 and the second step, between 1948 and 1954 (the hospital, the artilleries casemates with the gunnery command and the ammunition magazines) . It was taken out of service in 1995. This fort was built in the Scex cliff face immediately to the west of Saint-Maurice to complement the existing Fort du Scex, built earlier in the same cliff. With the Fort du Scex, it comprises a fortress complex encased in rock high above the strategic Saint-Maurice valley. The fort was deactivated in 1995. It is now open for public tours during the summer months. Site The Fort de Cindey is located in the western cliffs of the Saint-Maurice valley where the defile narrows dramatically. The location was previously fortified in the 19th century. The Château Saint-Maurice remains extant, while extensive fortifications on either side of the Rhône, constructed between 1831 and 1860 by General Guillaume Henri Dufour have disappeared.

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22.902655

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Musharbash Family' Al-Musharbash (also known as: Al-Sharabsheh. Arabic: المشربش

Al-Musharbash (also known as: Al-Sharabsheh. Arabic: المشربش ) is a prominent Christian Jordanian family who have resided in Jordan since the 1600s. It is thought that they are descendants of the historical Ghassanid dynasty through one of the 12 sons of King Amr IV, who ruled over a large portion of the Middle East in the early 7th century. The claim is mainly through oral tradition, and a document from 1338 found in Bechamoun, Lebanon, written by Sheikh Salem Al-Wahban from the Sayegh tribe, tracing the family tree of King Amr IV. Some of the other Greek Orthodox families in Jordan share the same lineage. From the writings of Major-General Frederick Peake who served under Lawrence of Arabia, it is known that the Musharbash family lived in Damascus for some time before emigrating to Jordan in the year 1650 and forming a 7-year alliance with the Bedouin Bani Hassan tribe. In Jordan, they initially settled in Al-Salt, the administrative capital at the time, after purchasing most of the land and estates in Al-Tuwal region.

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21.768139

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'First Servile War' The First Servile War of 135–132 BC

The First Servile War of 135–132 BC was a conflict between the Roman Republic and the Servile populus, a group of semi-autonomous peasants who worked on the estates of the wealthy. The Servile War began as a series of sporadic uprisings by slave farmers in the Roman Republic, but escalated into a full-scale war after a series of brutal reprisals by the Roman state. The war ended in a Roman victory and an increase in the power and wealth of the wealthy classes. The origins of the Servile War are complex, but can be traced back to increasing inequality and poverty among Rome's peasantry, combined with political instability and growing militarism within the Roman state. By 135 BC, these factors had led to open conflict between Rome's wealthy landowners and its increasingly impoverished slave farmers. The war lasted for three years, with both sides suffering heavy casualties. In 132 BC, the Roman Republic emerged victorious, granting increased power and wealth to its wealthiest classes.

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11.607713

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Warren Schrader' Wing Commander Warren Schrader (27 March

Wing Commander Warren Schrader (27 March 1921 – 6 February 2009) was a New Zealand flying ace of the Royal New Zealand Air Force (RNZAF) during the Second World War. He was credited with the destruction of eleven enemy aircraft. Born in Wellington, New Zealand, Schrader joined the RNZAF in 1941. After completing flight training he was sent to the United Kingdom to serve with the Royal Air Force (RAF). He flew Supermarine Spitfires with No. 165 Squadron on operations on the Channel Front, including supporting the Dieppe Raid. He later flew with No. 1435 Squadron, initially based in Malta and then Sicily. After a period of instructing duties, he was posted to No. 486 (NZ) Squadron in early 1945, becoming its commander soon afterwards. In the dying stages of the war in Europe, he took command of No. 616 Squadron, the first RAF squadron to operate the jet-powered Gloster Meteor. Returning to civilian life in 1946, he went back to New Zealand and joined an airline, the National Airways Corporation, flying passenger aircraft. He retired in 1976 and died in 2009 at the age of 87.

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10.459542

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Unprotected cruiser' An unprotected cruiser was a type of

An unprotected cruiser was a type of armored cruiser used by the United States Navy in the late 19th century. They were designed to operate in open waters without the protection of a battle line, relying on their speed, armor, and armament to defeat any enemy vessels they might encounter. The first unprotected cruisers were built for the US Navy in the mid-1870s as part of a program to create an all-steel armored cruiser class. The design was an adaptation of the earlier ironclad warship, and intended to reduce the amount of armor required on a ship compared to a battleship. The USS Pennsylvania (1863) was the first protected cruiser built for the US Navy, and was followed by the USS New York (1875). The unprotected cruiser was a popular design for several reasons. They were fast enough to outrun most opposition, and their armor provided enough protection that they could safely operate outside of a traditional battle line. However, their lack of protection made them vulnerable to boarding or torpedo attacks, and they were not as well-armed as more traditional armored cruisers.

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7.321887

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Samuel Sisulu' Samuel Sisulu (June 1956 - June 2003)

Samuel Sisulu (June 1956 - June 2003) was a South African anti-apartheid activist, politician and Member of Parliament. He was the Deputy Minister of Health in the South African government from 1994 to 1996. Born in Umtata, Transkei, Sisulu was one of the leading activists in the African National Congress (ANC) and one of its most prominent figures in the 1980s and 1990s. He was a member of the ANC's Executive Committee from 1991 to 1997, and served as Deputy President of the ANC from 1997 to 1999. In 1998, he was elected to the National Assembly as an MP for Johannesburg Central. He served as Minister of Defence in Nelson Mandela's first cabinet from 1999 to 2000, and was later appointed Deputy Minister of Health by Mandela. Sisulu was assassinated at his home in Johannesburg on June 15, 2003, by two men who had been hired by the apartheid government. He was 59 years old.

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6.172676

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'The Return' The Return may refer to: Print media

The Return may refer to: Print media -The Return (novel) by Stephen King -The Return (TV series) by AMC Online media -The Return (video game) by Blizzard Entertainment -The Return (song) by Ramones -The Return (album) by Papa Roach -The Return (web series) by AMC. Film -The Return (film) by director M. Night Shyamalan -The Return (2018 film) by director Andrzej Bartkowiak.

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13.910063

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Appeal War' The Appeal War (properly: Apelle War) was

The Appeal War (properly: Apelle War) was a legal case argued by the kingdom of Aragon and the Crown of Castile in the 14th century. The dispute arose from a contested succession to the Crown of Castile, and Aragon claimed that as the rightful heir, it had a right to intervene in the dispute on behalf of its ally, Ferdinand IV of Castile. The case dragged on for years, with Aragon eventually prevailing. The Appeal War is often seen as a precursor to the more famous Hundred Years' War.

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12.754627

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Battle of Sokolovo' The Battle of Sokolovo took place on

The Battle of Sokolovo took place on 8 and 9 March 1943, near the town of Sokolovo (, Sokolove) near Kharkiv in Ukraine when the ongoing attack of the Wehrmacht was delayed by joint Soviet and Czechoslovak forces. It was the first time that a foreign military unit, the First Czechoslovak Independent Field Battalion, fought together with the Red Army. Under the command of Ludvík Svoboda, later President of Czechoslovakia, the Czechoslovak soldiers delayed the advance of Germans to the Mzha river. On 13 March the position was abandoned as untenable due to the complete German encirclement of Kharkov. Aftermath The Soviet supreme command highly valued both the bravery of the Czechoslovak soldiers and the political significance of the fact that the Soviet people were no longer alone in their struggle against Germany. First Lieutenant Otakar Jaroš, the commander of the 1st company (who was killed in the course of the battle and posthumously promoted to captain) was the first foreign citizen ever to be awarded the highest Soviet military order, the Hero of the Soviet Union. Moreover, one of the local schools in Sokolovo was named in his honor.

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14.091224

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Howard Krein' Howard David Krein (born 1966/1967) is an

Howard David Krein (born 1966/1967) is an American otolaryngologist, plastic surgeon, and business executive. He is the husband of Ashley Biden, the daughter of United States President Joe Biden. He is an assistant professor of otolaryngology at Thomas Jefferson University and is a founding partner and co-director of Thomas Jefferson University Hospital's Facial Aesthetic and Reconstructive Center. Krein is the chief medical officer at StartUp Health, a venture capital and health technology firm. He served on the Biden Cancer Initiative's board of directors from 2017 to 2019. Krein has advised the Joe Biden 2020 presidential campaign on its COVID-19 pandemic response in an unofficial role. Early life and education Krein was born and raised in Cherry Hill, New Jersey. He is the son of Stanley Krein, an insurance executive and former director of marketing at Aetna, and Brenda Ferne "Bunny" Lipner Krein, a physician assistant in cardiology at Cooper University Hospital. His family is Jewish.

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16.184658

200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Lee Chang-ho' Lee Chang-ho (; born 29 July 1975

Lee Chang-ho (; born 29 July 1975 in Jeonju, North Jeolla) is a South Korean professional Go player of 9-dan rank. He is regarded by many as the best Go player of the late 1990s and early 2000s. He was a student of Cho Hun-hyun 9-dan. He is the second youngest (11 years 1 month) to become a professional Go player in South Korean history behind Cho Hun-hyun (9 years 7 months). He is the only player to have won all eight international competitions at least once. Biography He turned professional in 1986 at the young age of 11. By the early 1990s, he started winning titles that his teacher, Cho, had won. By 1992 Lee had already won his first international title, which was the 3rd Tong Yang Cup. Lee has won all of the international Go tournaments at least twice, excluding the World Oza and Ing Cup, which are held every two and four years respectively. He is only the second player to record a "Grand Slam". The first was Cho Hunhyun. In 2006, Lee won the Wangwi title for the eleventh straight year. His teacher, Cho Hunhyun, holds the record for the most successive domestic titles with sixteen consecutive Paewang titles. Ma Xiaochun has the second-most successive domestic titles with thirteen Mingren titles.

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