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Monday, April 03, 2006 Tom DeLay Dodges Another Bullet DeLay's former deputy chief of staff, Tony Rudy, 39, did not implicate him in any wrongdoing when he pleaded guilty Friday to conspiracy in the case involving convicted lobbyist Jack Abramoff. Add this to the other good news that Jack Abramoff himself appears unlikely to implicate DeLay in his plea bargain, and Michael Scanlon, Abramoff's lobbying partner-in-crime, didn't name him either. Of course, Rudy did implicate DeLay's chief of staff, Ed Buckman, in the congressional bribery scandal. Buckman was DeLay's closest aide and spiritual adviser. But just because this admission takes the scandal into DeLay's inner circle, don't go jumping to conclusions. DeLay was completely clueless and you'd better believe it hurts to know that the people he trusted so well were capable of such duplicity. All this good news probably made him want to get up and do the Snoopy dance. But some people just can't catch a break. It seems the Hollywood libruls made a movie star of the Hammer, and he's upset they didn't portray him in the best light. Mark Birnbaum and Jim Schermbeck are releasing The Big Buy: How Tom DeLay Stole Congress, a movie about DeLay's recent, er, troubles with Ronnie Earle. As DeLay describes it: “The same day I secured the Republican nomination to continue serving you and the good people of the 22nd District, my Democrat opponent Nick Lampson’s liberal Hollywood buddies gave me a “welcome” gift. They officially released a documentary about Travis County District Attorney Ronnie Earle’s partisan witch-hunt.” But the documentarians have a different take: Mark and me, Hollywood Liberals? I live in rural West Texas. I drive a ten-year old Civic. I just voted in the Republican primary. My family and I paint the town red by going to one of many chain restaurants in Lubbock. Mark is a grandfather who lives with his cat in a 30-year old middle-class home in North Dallas built by a Texas Instruments engineer. Well, for those of you who've never been, Lubbock does have it's own special charm. Still, pity poor Tom. Everytime he dodges another bullet, somebody else has him in their sites. No wonder he wants his gun back. 1 comment: They were talking about this on Al Franken today. Someone made a funny comment... Al asked why he kept accidentally hiring all these corrupt people... and someone goes, he must get them from craigslist or monster.com or something. And he'd consult the HR people but they're about to get indicted.

Month: May 2017 With the Brexit process having now started in earnest and a general election on the horizon, Steffan Evans takes a look at three challenges that housing associations in Wales will face as the Brexit process develops. One of the first significant challenges, and one of the debates set to dominate British politics in the nextRead more Craig Johnson argues that a lack of a distinctive Welsh media is limiting how Wales is represented and understood in the UK when it comes to issues such as Brexit and devolution. In March it was announced that a new BBC TV channel will broadcast in Scotland from 2018. It will have a budget ofRead more Measures governments take to improve people’s social well-being, from health care and education to housing and social benefits, are always hot topics in UK elections and are likely be top of voters’ agendas as they go to the polls in just over three weeks. But how do minority nationalist parties use supranational institutions such as theRead more The future of English and of minority languages in both the EU and the UK post Brexit needs to be more at the forefront of public debate assert Professor Diarmait Mac Giolla Chríost and Dr Matteo Bonotti. Arguing that Brexit is likely to have profound implications for languages in the EU and the UK, theyRead more With the backdrop of the forthcoming election campaign likely to be shaped by hard and soft positions on Brexit, Stephen Cushion considers how well the media and broadcasters will cover domestic issues and policy matters, and crucially how impartial they will actually be. Now that parliament has dissolved, politicians will be frantically touring the countryRead more

Gujarat Vidyapith Gujarat Vidyapith is a university in Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India. It was founded in 1920 by Mahatma Gandhi, the leader of the Indian independence movement, and deemed a university in 1963. Etymology "Vidyapith," in many languages of India, means university. History The university was founded on 18 October 1920 as a 'Rashtriya Vidyapith' ('National University') by Mahatma Gandhi, who would serve throughout his life as the kulpati (chancellor). The Gujarat Vidyapith was started in Dahyabhai Mehta's bungalow behind the Kocharab Ashram (the Kocharab Aashram was started in barrister Jivanlal Desai bunglow). Its purpose was to promote educational institutions run by Indians for Indians outside the financial and governing control of British authorities. The university helped nationalists establish a system of education for all Indians, thus proving the country's independence from British-run institutions and de-legitimizing the British Raj. Its foundation was one of the important event of an initiative satyagraha launched by Gandhi as a means to peacefully terminate British rule in India. The vidyapith's foundation was emulated by nationalists in Benares, Bombay, Calcutta, Nagpur, Madras and in many cities across India. Answering Gandhi's call to boycott British institutions, influences and goods, many thousands of students and teachers left British colleges to join the Vidyapith. People like Jivatram Kripalani and Nanabhai Bhatt volunteered to teach. The Gujarat Vidyapith became a 'deemed university' in 1963. It is funded and governed by the University Grants Commission, under the Union Ministry for Human Resources Development in New Delhi. Although considerably modernized in its structure and curriculum, the university maintains its commitment to Gandhian ideals, human studies, social service and development work. Goals The institution officially embraced Gandhi's goals as its mission: Adherence to truth and non-violence Participation in productive work with a sense of dignity of labour Acceptance of equality of religions Priority for the needs of village dwellers in all curricula and Use of mother-tongue as a medium of instructions Units Colleges The colleges and institutions with the university are Shikshan Mahavidyalaya (College of Education), Ahmedabad Hindi Teacher Training College, Ahmedabad Mahadevbhai Desai Gramseva Mahavidyalaya, Radheja Mahadevbhai Desai Gramseva Mahavidyalaya (College), Sadara Mahadevbhai Desai Sharirik Shikshan Mahavidyalaya (College of Physical Education), Sadara Center for Rural Management, Randheja The university offers a wide range of degrees, including Ph.D programs and doctoral studies. It continues to emphasize social service, Gandhian studies and subjects associated with religion, human studies, culture and public service. Departments and centres Department of History and Culture (offers full-time courses: M.A., M.Phil and Ph.D.) Tribal Research & Training Institute (TRTI) Hindi Prachar Samiti (Hindi Bhavan) Bharatiya Bhasha Sanskruti Kendra Jamnalal Bajaj Institute of Studies in Ahimsa (Peace Research Institute) Department of Adult and Continuing Education & Extension Work including Population Education State Resource Centre (SRC) for Adult & Continuing Education including Population Education Gujarat Vidyapith Library (Gandhi Bhavan) Publication Department Rural Service Extension Centre Krishi Vigyan Kendras Krishi Vigyan Kendra - Randheja (Gandhinagar) (Agriculture Science Centre) P.G. Center for Studies in Rural Management at village Randheja International Centre for Jain Studies at Ahmedabad campus Centre for Bio-gas Research Education & Extension at Sadra Instrumentation Centre at village Sadra (Level-I) and Mobile Vocational Training Centre Late Jankidevi Bajaj Centre for Naturopathy, Randheja Bio Gas Research Center, Sadra [offers M.Phil., M.Sc. (2 years), B.Sc. (3 years) in Microbiology] Panchayati Raj Talim Kendra Computer Science Department [offers two full-time courses: MCA (3 years) and PGDCA (1 year)] References Category:Gujarat in Indian independence movement Category:Universities and colleges in Ahmedabad

Jersey Shore cast sign 'VD clause' so MTV cannot be sued for STDs contracted on show It has been revealed that the cast of Jersey Shore were ordered to sign a 'VD clause' in their contract. MTV, who make the show, added the clause so the cast cannot sue the company if they contract a sexually-transmitted (or venereal) disease. Under the head of 'Health of Other Participants', the clause states that the cast, who include Snooki and JWoww, take full responsibility for any nasty side effects of the frequent sexual encounters featured in the episodes. Legally binding: Cast members of Jersey Shore, including Nicole 'Snooki' Polizzi [right] and Deena Nicole Cortese [left] signed the 'VD clause' It states: 'I acknowledge and accept, that the other participants have not been screened for any diseases, sicknesses or other health conditions (and specifically have not been tested for any sexually transmitted diseases) and I assume all risks of interacting with the other participants, including any consensual contact.' The seedy contract was leaked to Seth Kaufman, who has written a book, The King of Pain, about the cynical business of reality television, reports the New York Daily News . Mr Kaufman, a former editorial director of TVGuide.com, says that he received the contract 'from someone close to the show'. Sexual encounters: One-night stands are frequent on the show and cast members are encouraged to indulge in heavy drinking and hard partying Jersey Shore is one of MTV's most popular reality television shows. Currently in its sixth season, the fly-on-the-wall documentary follows a group of people who live in the same summer rental in Seaside, New Jersey. Nicole (Snooki) Polizzi is the best known cast member, followed by Jennifer (JWoww) Farley, Mike (The Situation) Sorrentino, Paul (Pauly D) DelVecchio, Vinny Guadagnino, Deena Cortese, Ronnie Ortiz-Magro and Sammi Giancola. On the show, one-night stands are a frequent occurrence and in the fifth season, Polizzi announced she was pregnant with part-time cast member Jionni LaValle's child. Best friend JWoww isn't exactly shy when it comes to having sex either. In the opening credits, she says: 'After I have sex with a guy I will rip their heads off.' From the word go, the popular program, which averaged 7.9million viewers per episode in its fifth season, received a fair amount of controversy. As well as the racy content, producers also came under fire for using the derogatory word 'guidos' in promotional material to describe the Italian-America sentimentality of the main characters - despite Snookie being Chilean and the fact that JWoww is Irish and Spanish.

Regulating a benzodifuran single molecule redox switch via electrochemical gating and optimization of molecule/electrode coupling. We report a novel strategy for the regulation of charge transport through single molecule junctions via the combination of external stimuli of electrode potential, internal modulation of molecular structures, and optimization of anchoring groups. We have designed redox-active benzodifuran (BDF) compounds as functional electronic units to fabricate metal-molecule-metal (m-M-m) junction devices by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and mechanically controllable break junctions (MCBJ). The conductance of thiol-terminated BDF can be tuned by changing the electrode potentials showing clearly an off/on/off single molecule redox switching effect. To optimize the response, a BDF molecule tailored with carbodithioate (-CS2(-)) anchoring groups was synthesized. Our studies show that replacement of thiol by carbodithioate not only enhances the junction conductance but also substantially improves the switching effect by enhancing the on/off ratio from 2.5 to 8.

+ 73 = -0*m - 7*m + 5*m for m. 4 Solve 0 = -6*x - 27*p + 276, 73*p - 72*p = 4*x - 146 for x. 37 Solve 6*n + 2828 = 5*z + 3287, -2*z - n = 187 for z. -93 Solve 14*b = -b + h - 58, 5*b + 40 = -5*h + 10 for b. -4 Solve 9*d - 537 = 3*l, -d = 5*l - 1560 + 1511 for l. -2 Solve 4*h + 2*t + 0*t - 4*t = -0*t - 38, -43*t = -46*t - 3 for h. -10 Solve 5*l - 10*f - 2976 + 3071 = 0, -2*l - 3*f = -11 for l. -5 Solve -3*s - 217*i - 22 = -215*i - 4, -10*s - 49*i - 60 = -51*i for s. -6 Solve 18*a + 5*q = 23*a + 30, 0 = -7*a + q - 36 - 18 for a. -8 Solve 3*i - 6*i - q = -6, 6*i + 52*q = 10*q + 38 + 94 for i. 1 Solve -3*h - 7001 + 7102 = -o, 3*o - 5*h + 194 = -89 for o. -86 Solve 4*r = 7*r - 132, -355*q - 5*r + 98 = -351*q - 122 for q. 0 Solve -4*n - 195 = -3*n + 5*i, -129 = 697*n - 694*n + 3*i for n. -5 Solve 5*d - 27 = 4*r, r - 10*r + 10*d - 39 = 6*d for r. -3 Solve -3*s - 29*a + 10*a = -17*a + 28, 0 = -2*s - 5*a - 26 for s. -8 Solve 5*g + 0*g + j - 2 = -17, -70*g + 68*g = 2*j + 6 for g. -3 Solve -o + 4402*r + 6 = 4401*r, -30 = -5*o + 6*r for o. 6 Solve -93 = -u + 3404*t - 3402*t, 2*u + 10*t + 302 = -142 for u. 3 Solve -2*j = -9*j + 2*i + 302 - 19, 2*j + 4*i - 22*i = 168 for j. 39 Solve -5*v + 0*v - 230 = 0, -17*m = v - 3 - 2 for m. 3 Solve 35 = 3*g - k, 20 = 4*g + 133*k - 129*k for g. 10 Solve -3*r - 5*z - 4 = 0, 50891*z - 50894*z + 8 = -r + 2 for r. -3 Solve -124*l + u = -127*l + 15, -5 = 2*l - u for l. 2 Solve -3*q - 419 = -5*x - 0*q - 352, 5*q = -126*x - 246 for x. -1 Solve -5089032*l = 5*t - 5089027*l + 60, 2*t - 5*l + 6 - 40 - 19 = 0 for t. -1 Solve -40*q - 42 = 3*y - 46*q, 6*y - 8*y - 4*q = -12 for y. -4 Solve y + 3 = 8196*b - 8194*b, b - 2*y = 6 for b. 0 Solve 5*t = 154*z - 123*z - 377, -4*z - 4*t = -44 for z. 12 Solve s = -2*t - 3*t - 56, 5*t + 456*s + 274*s = -785 for t. -11 Solve f - 2 = -2*u, -5*u = -5*f - 37080 + 37150 for f. 10 Solve 0*z + 5*t = -3*z + 50, -4*z - 3*t + 16 = -20 - 5 for z. 5 Solve -375 + 527 = 4*l - 4*y, -5*y + 190 = 5*l for l. 38 Solve 2*d - 802 = -6*t - 1180, -t - 63 = -5*d for t. -63 Solve -2*c + 7 = i, 4*i = 4*c - 2715 + 2707 for i. 1 Solve q - 2*q + 57*o - 60*o + 91 = 70, -5*q + 40 = 2*o for q. 6 Solve 40 = -12*u - 8, 0 = 183*r - 186*r + 2*u + 2 for r. -2 Solve -1828*z + 1812*z - 298 = -5*f, 0 = 3*f - 6 - 0 for z. -18 Solve -2*p + 16*s - 3 + 9 = 0, 2*s = 3*p - 7*p - 2*s - 60 for p. -13 Solve 0 = -3*f - 3*p + 9, -1916*p = 4*f - 1920*p - 20 for f. 4 Solve 4*f + 2*s + 22479 = 22575, 3*f - 21*s - 27 = 0 for f. 23 Solve n - 4 = -8*x + 5*x, 5*x - 103*n + 101*n + 5 = -3 for x. 0 Solve -13*r + 28616*n - 28612*n - 176 = 0, -43 = -298*r + 301*r - n for r. -4 Solve 4*b + 35*m - 1229 = 0, 104*b - 212*b = -105*b + 4*m - 143 for b. 1 Solve j - 12 - 363 = 5*i - 37, j = 3*i + 202 for i. -68 Solve -3*d + 32 = -4*r, 55*r - 26*r + 3*d = 28*r - 1 + 8 for r. -5 Solve 12*q - 214 = 5*u, -39*u - 17 - 647 = 2*q + 814 for q. 2 Solve -6 = -h + i, -4*i = -13*h - 1982125 + 1982131 for h. -2 Solve 0 = 123291*b - 123286*b + 7*o - 5, -4*o = 0 for b. 1 Solve -13*c = 3*d - 9*c - 9*c + 137, -d + 5*d + 186 = 5*c for d. -49 Solve -2*i + 226 - 83 = -l, -3*i - 2*l = -163 - 62 for i. 73 Solve 0 = -3*a + d - 22, -10*a + 38 = 2*a - 102*d + 35*d for a. -8 Solve d + 4*d = l + 32, 0 = 4*l - 26*d - 1095 + 1229 for l. -27 Solve 64*s + 286 = -2*w - 141 + 37, 3*w = -5*s - 39 for w. -3 Solve -86*v + 82*v + j - 6 = -0*j, -2*v = -5*j + 102 for v. 4 Solve -w + 7*i + i - 7*i = -5*w, 27*w + 2*i - 76 = 0 for w. 4 Solve 19 + 68 = 25*a - 2*p, 391*a - 387*a + 4*p - 18 = 5*p for a. 3 Solve 0 = -11*i - 44, -3*i + 0*i + 22 = 516*o - 514*o - 0*i for o. 17 Solve 0 = 3*r + 34*x - 31*x - 18 - 12, 95*r - 562 = 2*x for r. 6 Solve -5*z = v + 7, -3*z + 5*v + 110 = 2*z + 19*v + 26*v for z. -2 Solve 3*q - 3*a = 48, -29854*q - 8*a - 29 = -29853*q for q. 11 Solve -54737*u + 54733*u = 45*s - 37, -s - 3 = 2*u for s. 1 Solve -5*u + 15*r = 19*r - 22, -7*u + 6*r = -4*u + 3*r + 3 for u. 2 Solve 2*w + 4*m = -22, 0 = -520*w + 530*w - 2*m + 88 for w. -9 Solve 111*q + 5 = 104*q + 2*f, -3*f + 45 = 2*q for q. 3 Solve -12889 + 12916 = 12*j - 15*j, -5*j - 25 = 5*b for b. 4 Solve 0 = -5*s - 100*c + 745, -12*s - 2*c + c = -16*s + 191 for s. 49 Solve -l - 4*b = 3*l - 2128 + 2060, -10*l + 275 = 5*l + 5*b for l. 19 Solve 161 + 185 = 46*d - 7*d - 15*s + 16*s, s = 5*s + 20 for d. 9 Solve t + z = -8, 26*t + 43*z = -14*t + 39*z - 248 for t. -6 Solve 3*p - 6*t = 66, 0 = -2*p + 2654*t - 2652*t + 34 for p. 12 Solve 67*y - 44*y - 19*y + 4*f - 76 = 0, 3*y + 4*f - 76 = 0 for y. 0 Solve -745454*h + 20 = -745459*h, -4*t = -3*h - 4 for t. -2 Solve 5*y - 9*j = -12*j + 32, 16*j - 20*j - 4 = -5*y for y. 4 Solve 403*r - 400*r + 46 = a, -5*a = -2*r - 355 + 99 for r. 2 Solve 43*f = 45*f - 2*k - 24, f + 53 = -4*k for f. -1 Solve 2*h - 79 = 14*z - 13 + 88, -4*h - 33 = 3*z for z. -11 Solve -14*c + 2032*n = 2034*n + 50, 0 = -5*c - 2*n - 14 for c. -4 Solve -x = 6*t + 13, -3*t = 5*x + 2042747 - 2042682 for t. 0 Solve -11*h = 4*i - 14*h + 70, h - 25 = 3*i for i. -1 Solve 41*g = 53*g + 48, -3*v = -v - 5*g + 6 - 32 for v. 3 Solve -2886 = 207*w - 4*k, 28553*k - 28550*k = 4*w + 47 for w. -14 Solve 0 = -2*n - o - 21, 960*o + 18 = -3*n + 963*o for n. -9 Solve -3*z = 0, 1 - 37 = -5*c - 8*z - 10*z + 19 for c. 11 Solve 2*v - a + 9 + 34 = -0, 163 = 3*v + 5*a for v. -4 Solve a + 6*y = 11*y - 45659 + 45672, 3*a - 4*y + 5 = 0 for a. -7 Solve 245*l - 496*l = -246*l - 3*d - 18, 17 = 4*l - 5*d for l. 3 Solve 2*z - 13*v = -159, 254*z - 250*z = 4*v - 208 for z. -47 Solve -25 = -3*b + 9737*z - 9733*z, -5*b + 3*z + 60 = 0 for b. 15 Solve 3*j + 3*d = 4 - 19, 0 = 9*j - 3*d + 93 for j. -9 Solve -4 = 6*d - 2*x, 3*d - 1595*x - 8 = -1596*x for d. 1 Solve 2*z - 4*d - 50 = 5*z, -38*z - 355 = d - 6*d for z. -10 Solve -35*b + 78*b = 8*j + 42*b + 7, b = 3*j + 2 for j. -1 Solve -17*q = i - 55, 4*i + 2489 = 5*q + 2490 for i. 4 Solve -5*y - 7*p - 110 + 12 = 0, -8*y - 51 = -6*y - 9*p for y. -21 Solve 9081 = -p - 5*h + 9066, 2*p + 4*h = -18 for p. -5 Solve 3*s + 4*v + 19 = 3*v, -56*v - 1464 = 37*v + 458 - 155 for s. 0 Solve 14*h + 90 = 4*f + 24, 0 = 6*h - 3*h + f + 16 for h. -5 Solve 4*b = -8, -3*p - 121835 = 8*b - 121873 for p. 18 Solve 0*h - 3*h - 4*m + 10 = -10*m - 17, -5*m = -9*h + 68 for h. 7 Solve 4*t - 1 = -3*s - 2, 6*s - 11 = 5*s + 10*t for s. 1 Solve -5*k = 28*w + 158, -57*w + 52*w + k = 2*k + 28 for w. -6 Solve -2*u - 10 = -2*o, -3*o - 22*o = -u + 2*u - 27*o + 9 for u. -1 Solve -f - 4*f + 27*r = 25*r + 13 + 24, 0 = 3*f - 5*f + 13*r - 27 for f. -7 Solve 4*m + 55 = -67*a - 134, 3*m = -36*a + 31*a - 6 for a. -3 Solve -4*f + 5581*w - 40 = 5577*w, -47*w + 60 = -14*f - 49*w for f. -5 Solve 2*z + 1045 = -61*a, 3*z - 40*a = -41*a - 29 for z. -4 Solve 0 = -5*h + 5, 10677*h - 13 = -2*i + 10676*h for i. 6 Solve -k + 19*a - 8 - 28 = 0, -4 - 4 = -5*k + a for k. 2 Solve 11 = -5*j - 80*l + 118*l, 3*j - 2*l = -69 for j. -25 Solve -4*k = 3*f + 11, 88404*f - 88402*f - 5*k - 8 = 0 for f. -1 Solve -l + 3 = -3*h, -10*l - 71184*h = -71186*h - 2 for l. 0 Solve -5*r + 5*f - 137 = -f, 5452*f = 4*r + 5455*f + 133 for r. -31 Solve 3 = -4*l - 19*c + 20*c - 5, 0 = 2*l - 15*c + 62 for l. -1 Solve -15208*l = -15211*l - 4*f - 20, 5*f + 30 = -5*l for l. -4 Solve -5*t - 23*x = -54*x + 27*x - 188, 4*x = -2*t - 188 for t. 0 Solve 20 = -8*u - 4*s, 94*u = 89*u - 4*s - 5 for u. -5 Solve 8*y - 84 = 13*y + 9*b - 3 + 48 - 28, 2*y + 35 = -9*b for y. -22 Solve 3*p + 0*p - 192*q + 386*q - 50 = 195*q, 0 = 3*p - 5*q - 46 for p. 17 Solve -15*r - g = -5*g - 73, 0*r - 3*r + 12*g + 2 = 13*g for r. 3 Solve 336*w = 337*w - j - 68, -5*w - j = 38 for w. 5 Solve 5*k - 12 = 3, 30*s - 1977 = -0*s + 2*s + k - 720 for s. 45 Solve 17*g - 13*g + 447 = 83*f, -3*f + 15 = 0 for g. -8 Solve n - h - 211 + 243 = 0, -48*n - 1306 = -2*h for n. -27 Solve -3*z = -4*z - 3*u + 33, -z - 44 = -211729*u + 211725*u for z. 0 Solve 4120 = 60*s + 5*t, 72*t - 31*t + 12 = 38*t for s. 69 Solve -6962 - 1622 = -65*c + 2*t, 3*c + 2*t = 4*t + 411 - 11 for c. 132 Solve -5*w = 5*j - 50, 52376*j + 2210 = 52597*j + w for j. 10 Solve i + 54 = 13*n + 267, -2*i - 14*n + 74 = -18*n for i. 5 Solve 2*w - 9 = 5*q, -w - 17*q - 45 = 4*q - 7*q for w. -3 Solve 3*y - 6*l - 243 = 0, 6142*y - 6147*y - 197 = 4*l for y. -5 Solve -68 = -2*m + y - 26 - 36, -4*m + 5*y = -

The potential immunogenicity of the TK suicide gene does not prevent full clinical benefit associated with the use of TK-transduced donor lymphocytes in HSCT for hematologic malignancies. Gene therapy is a promising therapeutic strategy for genetic and acquired hematologic diseases. With the improvements in gene transfer and expression, factors affecting safety and efficacy of gene therapy can now be evaluated to establish the best clinical benefit-to-risk ratio. The induction of immune responses against gene therapy components is one of the potential limitations. We studied the occurrence of such event in 23 patients treated with donor lymphocyte infusions (DLIs), with lymphocytes transduced to express the HSV-TK suicide gene for relapse of hematologic malignancies occurring after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The suicide gene was used to selectively control graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). Seven patients given infusions late after HSCT developed an immune response against the transgene. Immunization involved appearance of thymidine kinase (TK)-specific CD8(+) effectors and required a level of immunocompetence at the time of TK-DLI that can be achieved only several months after transplantation. This did not prevent graft-versus-leukemia (GvL) effect of the TK-DLI, since 5 of 7 immunized patients maintained the complete remission achieved prior to immunization. We suggest that appropriate study designs taking into account the immune suppression of the patient and time-kinetics of GvL mediated by TK-transduced donor lymphocytes may allow the full exploitation of TK-DLI.

Q: How to fetch the data and display it in a browser simultaneously using PHP and Smarty? I'm using PHP, MySQL, Smarty, jQuery, AJAX, etc. for my website. Currently, I'm fetching a large amount of data (matching question IDs) from the MySQL database, do processing on it, assigning this data to the Smarty template and printing it on a webpage. As the amount of data to be fetched is too large and it's going under further processing, it's taking too much time in getting the final output data. In turn, it takes too much time to display whole data to the user. I have one approach in my mind but not able to implement it. My approach is to run the two processes of fetching the single matching question_id and displaying it to the browser simultaneously and repeat this cycle until all the matching question ids are fetched and displayed. As the loaded data of single row is getting displayed a loader image should get display under that displayed record. When all the data gets printed the loader image should vanish. But the major issue I'm facing is how I should continuously assign the data to the Smarty template and display the template as the Smarty Template Engine first loads all the content and only after completely having the content it prints it to the browser. For your reference I'm putting below all my existing code from Controller, Model and View: The PHP code of Controller (match_question.php) is as follows: <?php require_once("../../includes/application-header.php"); $objQuestionMatch = new QuestionMatch(); $request = empty( $_GET ) ? $_POST : $_GET ; if($request['subject_id']!="") $subject_id = $request['subject_id']; if($request['topic_id']!="") $topic_id = $request['topic_id']; if($subject_id !='' && $topic_id !='') $all_match_questions = $objQuestionMatch->GetSimilarQuestionsBySubjectIdTopicId($subject_id, $topic_id); $smarty->assign('all_match_questions', $all_match_questions); $smarty->display("match-question.tpl") ?> The PHP code of Model(QuestionMatch.php) is as follows: <?php class QuestionMatch { var $mError = ""; var $mCheck; var $mDb; var $mValidator; var $mTopicId; var $mTableName; function __construct() { global $gDb; global $gFormValidation; $this->mDb = $gDb; $this->mValidator = $gFormValidation; $this->mTableName = TBL_QUESTIONS; } /** * This function is used to get all the questions from the given subject id and topic id */ function GetSimilarQuestionsBySubjectIdTopicId($subject_id, $topic_id) { /*SQL query to find out questions from given subject_id and topic_id*/ $sql = " SELECT * FROM ".TBL_QUESTIONS." WHERE question_subject_id=".$subject_id; $sql .= " AND question_topic_id=".$topic_id; $this->mDb->Query($sql); $questions_data = $this->mDb->FetchArray(); /*Same array $questions_data is assigned to new array $questions to avoid the reference mismatching*/ $questions = $questions_data; /*Array of words to be excluded from comparison process *For now it's a static array but when UI design will be there the array would be dynamic */ $exclude_words = array('which','who','what','how','when','whom','wherever','the','is','a','an','and','of','from'); /*This loop removes all the words of $exclude_words array from all questions and converts all *converts all questions' text into lower case */ foreach($questions as $index=>$arr) { $questions_array = explode(' ',strtolower($arr['question_text'])); $clean_questions = array_diff($questions_array, $exclude_words); $questions[$index]['question_text'] = implode(' ',$clean_questions); } /*Now the actual comparison of each question with every other question stats here*/ foreach ($questions as $index=>$outer_data) { /*Logic to find out the no. of count question appeared into tests*/ $sql = " SELECT count(*) as question_appeared_count FROM ".TBL_TESTS_QUESTIONS." WHERE test_que_id="; $sql .= $outer_data['question_id']; $this->mDb->Query($sql); $qcount = $this->mDb->FetchArray(MYSQL_FETCH_SINGLE); $question_appeared_count = $qcount['question_appeared_count']; $questions_data[$index]['question_appeared_count'] = $question_appeared_count; /*Crerated a new key in an array to hold similar question's ids*/ $questions_data[$index]['similar_questions_ids_and_percentage'] = Array(); $outer_question = $outer_data['question_text']; $qpcnt = 0; //foreach ($questions as $inner_data) { /*This foreach loop is for getting every question to compare with outer foreach loop's question*/ foreach ($questions as $secondIndex=>$inner_data) { /*This condition is to avoid comparing the same questions again*/ if ($secondIndex <= $index) { /*This is to avoid comparing the question with itself*/ if ($outer_data['question_id'] != $inner_data['question_id']) { $inner_question = $inner_data['question_text']; /*This is to calculate percentage of match between each question with every other question*/ similar_text($outer_question, $inner_question, $percent); $percentage = number_format((float)$percent, 2, '.', ''); /*If $percentage is >= $percent_match only then push the respective question_id into an array*/ if($percentage >= 85) { $questions_data[$index]['similar_questions_ids_and_percentage'][$qpcnt]['question_id'] = $inner_data['question_id']; $questions_data[$index]['similar_questions_ids_and_percentage'][$qpcnt]['percentage'] = $percentage; /*$questions_data[$secondIndex]['similar_questions_ids_and_percentage'][$qpcnt]['question_id'] = $outer_data['question_id']; $questions_data[$secondIndex]['similar_questions_ids_and_percentage'][$qpcnt]['percentage'] = $percentage;*/ /*Logic to find out the no. of count question appeared into tests*/ $sql = " SELECT count(*) as question_appeared_count FROM ".TBL_TESTS_QUESTIONS." WHERE test_que_id="; $sql .= $inner_data['question_id']; $this->mDb->Query($sql); $qcount = $this->mDb->FetchArray(MYSQL_FETCH_SINGLE); $question_appeared_count = $qcount['question_appeared_count']; $questions_data[$index]['similar_questions_ids_and_percentage'][$qpcnt]['question_appeared_count'] = $question_appeared_count; $qpcnt++; } } } } } //} /*Logic to create the return_url when user clicks on any of the displayed matching question_ids*/ foreach ($questions_data as $index=>$outer_data) { if(!empty($outer_data['similar_questions_ids_and_percentage'])) { $return_url = ADMIN_SITE_URL.'modules/questions/match_question.php?'; $return_url .= 'op=get_question_detail&question_ids='.$outer_data['question_id']; foreach($outer_data['similar_questions_ids_and_percentage'] as $secondIndex=>$inner_data) { $return_url = $return_url.','.$inner_data['question_id']; } $questions_data[$index]['return_url'] = $return_url.'#searchPopContent'; } } /*This will return the complete array with matching question ids*/ return $questions_data; } } ?> The code of View(match-question.tpl) is as follows: <table width="100%" class="base-table tbl-practice" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0"> <tr class="evenRow"> <th width="33%" style="text-align:center;" class="question-id">Que ID</th> <th width="33%" style="text-align:center;" class="question-id">Matching Que IDs</th> <th width="33%" style="text-align:center;" class="question-id">Percentage(%)</th> </tr> {if $all_match_questions} {foreach from=$all_match_questions item=qstn key=key} {if $qstn.similar_questions_ids_and_percentage} {assign var=counter value=1} <tr class="oddRow"> <td class="question-id" align="center" valign="top"> <a href="{$qstn.return_url}" title="View question" class="inline_view_question_detail">QUE{$qstn.question_id}</a>{if $qstn.question_appeared_count gt 0}-Appeared({$qstn.question_appeared_count}){/if} </td> {foreach from=$qstn.similar_questions_ids_and_percentage item=question key=q_no} {if $counter gt 1} <tr class="oddRow"><td class="question-id" align="center" valign="top"></td> {/if} <td class="question" align="center" valign="top"> {if $question.question_id!=''} <a href="{$qstn.return_url}" title="View question" class="inline_view_question_detail">QUE{$question.question_id}</a>{if $question.question_appeared_count gt 0}-Appeared({$question.question_appeared_count}){/if} {if $question.question_appeared_count eq 0} <a id ="{$question.question_id}" href="#" class="c-icn c-remove delete_question" title="Delete question"> Delete</a>{/if} {/if} </td> <td class="question" align="center" valign="top"> {if $question.percentage!=''}{$question.percentage}{/if} {assign var=counter value=$counter+1} </td> </tr> {/foreach} {/if} {/foreach} {else} <tr> <td colspan="2" align="center"><b>No Questions Available</b></td> </tr> {/if} </table> Thanks for the spending some of your valuable time in understanding my issue. A: I believe the bottleneck is on the looping over SQL queries. There is a standard way to rank search results on MySQL. You can simply implement full-text search. First, you need to create a table like search_results: SQL: CREATE TABLE `search_results` ( `id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `result_title` varchar(128) CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL, `result_content` text CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL, `result_short_description` text CHARACTER SET utf8, `result_uri` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT '', `result_resource_id` int(10) unsigned DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`), FULLTEXT KEY `result_title` (`result_title`,`result_content`) ) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; You have to insert all relevant data from the table of questions (including questions, subjects, answers, and whatever you want to search through them) into result_title and result_content here, (also update this table whenever it needs to be updated). There is also backtrack pointer to the original record of the corresponding table on result_resource_id. With a pre-defined URI result_uri pointing to the defined URL of the result in your website, you make everything faster. You don't need to create a URL each time. Now, you can create a simple SQL query for a search query 'question?' in NATURAL LANGUAGE MODE: SQL: SELECT `result_title`, `result_content`, `result_uri` FROM `search_results` WHERE MATCH(result_title, result_content) AGAINST('question?'); You can also add the relevance measurement into your query string. There are other modes for a search like boolean. Read the documents here and find the best solution. Full-text indexing is faster and also more accurate in these use-cases. A: Assuming you want your content to load in the browser while it is still being streamed from the server to the client, if you are using tables - as you do - you may run into the problem of the browser (due to layout issues) not being able to render the table until all data is loaded. You can see these tips for authoring fast-loading HTML pages and learn about tables in the according section. Some crucial points: If the browser can immediately determine the height and/or width of your images and tables, it will be able to display a web page without having to reflow the content. This not only speeds the display of the page but prevents annoying changes in a page's layout when the page completes loading. For this reason, height and width should be specified for images, whenever possible. And: Tables should use the CSS selector:property combination: table-layout: fixed; ... and should specify widths of columns using the COL and COLGROUP HTML tags. As well as: Tables are still considered valid markup, but should be used for displaying tabular data. To help the browser render your page quicker, you should avoid nesting your tables. You might also want to look into methods of streaming output from PHP. See this question for details. A: In general, templating engines do not load content piecemeal - you'd need to send data to the browser in chunks manually, and flush between each bit. Template libraries usually compose the whole document in memory, and then dump it to the browser in one go. It's worth checking the Smarty manual though, just in case. As an alternative, you could render the page without the large amount of data, and then load it in sections via AJAX. Whilst making, say, 10 AJAX connections serially adds a small extra overhead, it sounds like that will be minimal in comparison to your current rendering time. Even though your total rendering time may be slightly longer, the perceived rendering time for the user will be much faster, and of course they have the benefit that they can see data arriving. I would kick off the first AJAX operation in jQuery upon domready, and when each completes, it can fire off another request. If your server can answer in JSON rather than HTML, it will allow the server to return a more_available Boolean flag, which you can use to determine if you need to do another fetch.

A novel method of self-pulling and latter transected reconstruction in totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy: feasibility and short-term safety. This study depicts a novel reconstruction method of self-pulling and latter transection (SPLT) in totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy (TLTG) and evaluates its feasibility and short-term safety by comparing its surgical and postoperative outcomes with the conventional TLTG. Forty patients with gastric cancer from June 2014 to December 2015 received SPLT-TLTG. Data of clinicopathologic characteristics, surgical and postoperative outcomes, and follow-up findings in SPLT cases were collected and retrospectively compared with those of conventional TLTG to clarify the clinical benefits. The mean duration of the operation was 179.5 ± 37.7 min in SPLT-TLTG, including 23.2 ± 8.8 min of reconstruction; both were significantly shorter than the conventional TLTG (P = 0.030; P < 0.001). There were no significant differences in blood loss, time of the first flatus and postoperative hospital stays between two groups. SPLT-TLTG developed no complication beyond the conventional TLTG. SPLT-TLTG is safe, feasible and minimally invasive. It may serve as a promising procedure for gastric cancer that helps to expand the indication of TLTG to cases with even high level of tumor invasion and requires less in both surgical skills and clinical costs.

Ulcer-healing drugs are required after eradication of Helicobacter pylori in patients with gastric ulcer but not duodenal ulcer haemorrhage. To study the efficacy of a 2-week anti-Helicobacter therapy in the healing of H. pylori-associated bleeding peptic ulcers. Omeprazole 20 mg, clarithromycin 500 mg and amoxycillin 1 g, twice daily, were given for 2 weeks to 180 patients with H. pylori-associated bleeding peptic ulcers. Endoscopy was repeated 4 weeks after the eradication therapy to assess healing of the peptic ulcers. Repeat endoscopies were performed in 168 patients (42 gastric ulcer and 126 duodenal ulcer) who followed the protocol. Thirty-eight patients with bleeding gastric ulcers and 124 patients with bleeding duodenal ulcers healed 4 weeks after treatment (per protocol analysis; gastric ulcer: 91% vs. duodenal ulcer: 98%; P=0. 035). No patients who were compliant to the study medications suffered from re-bleeding. Stepwise discriminant analysis demonstrated that small ulcers (< 15 mm) and the presence of duodenal ulcers best predicted healing of the peptic ulcers. Ulcer-healing drugs should be continued after a 2-week course of omeprazole-containing anti-Helicobacter therapy for gastric ulcers and large peptic ulcers that have bled, but can be omitted in most patients with a bleeding duodenal ulcer.

1. Field of the Invention This invention is generally related to laser processing of materials and more specifically to an improved method of welding or sealing together the edges of juxtaposed, spaced apart glass sheets in a vacuum. 2. Description of the Prior Art In our U.S. Pat. No. 4,683,154, which is incorporated herein by reference, we described a laser sealed vacuum insulation window. The window comprises two juxtaposed sheets of glass held spaced apart in relation to each other by a plurality of spherical glass beads, and the edges of the juxtaposed glass sheets are glass-welded together to provide a sealed, evacuated space between the juxtaposed glass sheets that is completely glass-sealed from the exterior. The edges of the juxtaposed glass sheets are welded together in a vacuum chamber by a laser beam that is focused and steered around the edges of the glass sheets. The laser used to melt and weld the edges together had to be of a wavelength that is absorbed by the glass and of sufficient power to raise the temperature of the glass edges to the melting temperature of the glass, which is about 1,200.degree. C. to 1,300.degree. C. for borosilicate glass. Unfortunately, the laser welding of the edges of the juxtaposed glass sheets to seal the vacuum space has been hindered by several technical problems that occur when the glass is heated above its annealing temperature in the vacuum chamber. First, dissolved gases in the glass tend to nucleate bubbles in the weld line, which become defects that can produce flaws and failures of the vacuum tight seal. Second, the molten glass at the weld point vaporizes and contaminates the mirror in the vacuum chamber that is used to steer the laser beam around the edges of the glass sheets being welded, which decreases specularity of the mirror and diffuses the laser beam, thus causing a loss of power and frustrating the welding process, and, if allowed to continue, could result in excessive absorption of the laser beam and consequent heat damage to the mirror.

// // This is the server side entry point for the React app. // import ReduxRouterEngine from "electrode-redux-router-engine"; import { routes } from "../../client/routes"; // // This function is exported as the content for the webapp plugin. // // See config/default.json under plugins.webapp on specifying the content. // // When the Web server hits the routes handler installed by the webapp plugin, it // will call this function to retrieve the content for SSR if it's enabled. // // let routesEngine; module.exports = req => { if (!routesEngine) { routesEngine = new ReduxRouterEngine({ routes }); } return routesEngine.render(req); };

Chipotle may claim to be GMO-free but the beloved Mexican Grill may have met its match when it comes to revolutionizing organic focused fast food industry. On Tuesday, The Organic Coup opened its first location in Pleasanton, Calif., a suburb of San Francisco. With a menu that’s 95 percent organic—from the chicken, to vegetables, breads, sides and even sodas-- the chicken sandwich chain is now the first USDA-certified organic fast food restaurant in the country. The use of the word “coup” is no accident—say the chain’s founders who want to change industry standards when it comes to great food fast. Founder Erica Welton, a former buyer for Costco who has been on the frontlines of following consumer trends, hatched the idea for Organic Coup two years ago during her time on the road. “We were always on the go and usually the best choice we had for food was Chipotle,” Welton told FoxNews.com. “They’ve done a really great job on the non-GMO front but somebody needed to take it all the way.” Welton, who was responsible for introducing the Costco customer to organic chicken, says she noticed a shift in consumer buying habits during her last four years with the discount retailer and knew the industry would only get bigger. She left Costco in January to move full-speed ahead with the Coup but credits valuable lessons learned during her time there. “Everything from our business model comes from what we learned during our time at Costco,” says Welton adding that includes a streamlined menu. The Organic Coup offers just three main menu items—all featuring their signature, organic chicken breast which is fried in Nutiva coconut oil: a spicy chicken sandwich with a spicy slaw made from shredded vegetables; a tortilla wrap with the same fixings and a bowl. The only side is organic caramel-coated popcorn drizzled in chocolate. Welton says they want to focus on the menu as is and become the “best” at what they do. The says her chain is for everyone-- from “moms to millennials,” all of whom are becoming more savvy shoppers. “They don’t want their chicken raised with antibiotics and they don’t want their produce to have a ton of chemicals…this is where the market is headed,” says Welton. She told FoxNews.com that she made her kids’ baby food and buys only organic food when possible. The Organic Coup has an aggressive expansion plan with 25 stores planned to open throughout California next year. Welton has her eye on other big organic-friendly markets including Denver, Seattle, Portland and Manhattan in the near future. The signature sandwich may carry a hefty price tag at $8.99—Shake Shack’s Chicken Shack is $6.29—but Welton’s revolutionary philosophy extends beyond the quality of her food. Employees at The Chicken Coup take home at least $14 an hour.

1. Technical Field The present invention relates to a semiconductor device that includes a multilayer interconnect structure. 2. Related Art To cope with the recent growing demand for higher operating speed for semiconductor chips, various studies are being aggressively made on employing a material having a lower dielectric constant to form an interlayer dielectric in place of a silicon oxide film (dielectric constant K=approx. 4.3), to thereby reduce parasitic capacitance between interconnect lines. Examples of applicable low dielectric constant (hereinafter abbreviated as low-k) insulating material include HSQ, MSQ, and aromatic-containing organic resins, which have a dielectric constant of approx. 3. Besides, for achieving a still lower dielectric constant, porous materials that include minute pores are lately being developed. Employing such low-k materials to form the interlayer dielectric allows reducing crosstalk between the interconnect lines, thus achieving higher operating speed of the chips. The low-k films, however, generally have low film strength, and insufficient adhesion properties. Besides, because of the lack of strength, the low-k film is prone to be scraped off during a CMP (Chemical Mechanical Polishing) process, in a region where interconnect lines are not densely distributed. Now, when fabricating semiconductor chips, a plurality of circuit chips are first formed on a wafer, and then the wafer is diced into individual chips. By the dicing process, dicing sections of the semiconductor chips are exposed. Accordingly, a seal ring region is provided along the periphery of each circuit chip, so as to prevent intrusion of water or moisture through the dicing sections. JP-A 2004-297022 discloses a structure of a semiconductor chip provided with a seal ring constituted of vias and interconnects disposed along the outer periphery. In this structure, the seal ring is continuously disposed so as to be connected to all layers, including the lower layers and upper layers of the semiconductor chip, to thereby prevent the intrusion of water or moisture through the dicing sections (FIG. 2 of JP-A 2004-297022). Generally, in a semiconductor device, upper layers are formed in an insulating layer constituted of silicon oxide film, which is sufficiently rigid, serving as the interlayer dielectric, while lower layers are formed in an interlayer dielectric constituted of a low-k film, for reducing the interconnect capacitance. The low-k film lacks in mechanical strength and adhesion properties, as stated above. Besides, the low-k film is prone to absorb moisture. Therefore, improvement in mechanical strength and moisture resistance with respect to the lower layers of the semiconductor device is an important issue to be addressed. On the other hand, since the upper layers include the wider interconnects and the larger vias in general, the size of the seal ring region is determined according to the size of the interconnects and vias in the upper layers. Therefore, it is desirable to have the interconnects and vias in the upper layers disposed so as to prevent the seal ring region from excessively expanding.

IN another sign of society gone mad, City of Kalamunda is investigating the unauthorised erection of signs asking cyclists to be quiet in residential areas. The signs in Pickering Brook have not been endorsed by the Constable Care Foundation or the City. On its Facebook page, the City said they were arranging for the signage to be removed. “We are aware there was some discussion regarding noise from cyclists very early in the morning as they chatted in large groups whilst training and the like,” the post said. “We also believe a number of the signs are attached to road signage which is not endorsed by the City.” The signs have prompted debate among residents on the City’s Facebook page. One resident said cyclists were ‘a bunch of noisy buggers’ when they ride through Pickering Brook and that the Bickley Valley had unique acoustics which carried voices. Tim Hall said Perth drivers were ‘shockingly bad’ at sharing the road with cyclists. “I’m an avid commuting/recreational cyclist, not the club/lycra/10k carbon bike type, and they can be a bit rude, sure,” he said. “But I’ll always back them over ridiculous complaints like this. “Ultimately it’s about decent infrastructure for all road users and driver education.” Neasa Jordan said the signs asking cyclists to be quiet was ridiculous. “We use pedal power and not engines, and if we talk is that not the same as pedestrians out for a stroll having a chat?” she said. MORE: Safety concerns at redeveloped Scarborough foreshore MORE: Shenton Park law student crowned Miss Naidoc 2018 MORE: Family of missing Canning Vale man Ian Collett remains hopeful MORE: Perth tops real estate sales for May

Pleurosternon Pleurosternon is an extinct genus of cryptodire turtle from the late Jurassic period to the early Cretaceous period. Its type species, P. bullocki was described by the paleontologist Richard Owen (noted for coining the word Dinosauria) in 1853. Since then, and throughout the late 19th century, many fossil turtles were incorrectly assigned to this genus. Taxonomy Pleurosternon fossils were first described by Richard Owen in 1841 under the living genus Platemys. It was not until 1853 however, that it was published under the name Pleurosternon in a paper Owen presented to the Palaeontographical Society. Phylogeny Cladogram after Tyler R. Lyson and Walter G. Joyce (2009). Description Pleurosternon has a very depressed carapace, much flatter than similar genera, such as the North American Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous Glyptops. Adults show little or none of the nuchal emargination that is more visible in juveniles. The Xiphiplastras also have a large, V-shaped notch near the back of the bone. Together with Platychelys, it is one of the few turtle genera to exhibit the characteristics of both modern turtle suborders, the Cryptodira and the Pleurodira. Distribution and habitat In Europe, most species of Pleurosternon are best known from southeast England's Purbeck Group and Portland stone, some specimens were even recovered in the Purbeck's type locality. Several areas within the formation became noted by some for producing pleurosternon fossils. Among them were Swanage, Durlston Bay, Langton Matravers, and Herston. The genus has also been found in several rock formations from the upper Jurassic in both France and Spain, and from the Cretaceous Wealden group of both England and northern Germany. The Purbeck formation, at the time was a coastal region with a complex system of shallow lagoons that slowly lost their salinity over time. Similarly, the younger Wealden group was also coastal plain dominated by lagoons but with the addition of braided streams. The Portland stone, however is a maritime deposit of similar age near the Purbeck, most bones found there are interpreted as having washed out to sea from the Wealden or the Purbeck. Because of this, Pleurosternon has been described as a "shore-turtle". See also Glyptops Chengyuchelys Helochelys References External links at Paleofile.com Dinohunter at Biolib.cz taxonomic history More taxonomy (French) Category:Late Jurassic turtles Category:Early Cretaceous turtles Category:Cryptodira Category:Late Jurassic reptiles of Europe Category:Oxfordian first appearances Category:Early Cretaceous genus extinctions Category:Early Cretaceous reptiles of Europe Category:Prehistoric turtle genera Category:Taxa named by Richard Owen Category:Fossil taxa described in 1853 Category:Extinct turtles Category:Pleurosternidae

Clinical use of biologic response modifiers in cancer treatment: an overview. Part I. The interferons. Interferons are proteins with antiviral, antiproliferative, and immune-regulating activity. They are classified as alfa, beta, or gamma on the basis of antigenicity and biologic properties. Alfa interferons as single-agent therapy produce clinical improvement in approximately 90 percent of patients with hairy-cell leukemia, and up to 70 percent of patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) in early-stage disease. Prolonged suppression or elimination of the leukemic cell clone by interferon may ultimately increase survival of patients with CML. Interferon is not effective single-agent therapy for multiple myeloma, but improves response rate when combined with conventional agents. AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma demonstrates a 40 percent objective response rate to interferon, with less risk of immune system suppression than conventional cytotoxics. Other applications of alfa interferon include malignant melanoma and renal cell carcinoma. Beta interferon is similar to the alfa subtype and may have utility in treatment of brain tumors. Gamma interferon is an important immune regulator with qualitative and quantitative differences in its efficacy and toxicity when compared with alfa interferon.

Newark Athlete Newark Athlete is an 1891 American short silent film directed and produced by William Kennedy Dickson. The film, roughly ten seconds in length, displays a young athlete swinging Indian clubs. It was filmed in May or June 1891, in the Photographic Building at the Edison Laboratory, West Orange, New Jersey. The film was made to be viewed using Thomas Edison's Kinetoscope. In 2010, Newark Athlete was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant". It is currently the oldest film chosen to be in the Registry. References External links Category:1891 films Category:American films Category:American silent short films Category:American black-and-white films Category:United States National Film Registry films Category:Films directed by William Kennedy Dickson Category:Articles containing video clips Category:Films shot in New Jersey Category:Sports in Newark, New Jersey

Q: Symmetry Group Regular Tetrahedron Looking for some help of how to do this, which could also be expanded to other shapes. Thanks. A: Hint: Any symmetry of the tetrahedron must map vertices to vertices, and is completely determined by this mapping from vertices to the vertices. Label the vertices $A,B,C,D$ and consider the permutations of these vertices. Eliminate those that do not correspond to geometric symmetries of the tetrahedron. For example, if you rotate the tetrahedron so that $A$ and $B$ exchange places, then $C$ and $D$ also exchange places. Since each symmetry is completely determined by its action on the four vertices, once you have identified the permutations of the vertices, you can forget about the rest of the tetrahedron and think only about the permutations. Obtain an actual tetrahedron; tetrahedral dice are available online or in game stores. If you can't find an actual tetrahedron, make one. If you can't make one, find a cube (such as a die) and color four alternate corners with a red marker. These are the vertices of a regular tetrahedron, and any symmetry of the tetrahedron is therefore also a symmetry of the cube.

Distinct subcellular localization and substrate specificity of extracellular signal-regulated kinase in B cells upon stimulation with IgM and CD40. We and others previously observed that IgM and CD40 stimulation in murine B cells resulted in activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), a subfamily of mitogen-activated protein kinase. The present study demonstrated that ERK was rapidly phosphorylated and translocated to the nucleus in murine B cells upon stimulation with CD40, whereas it was preferentially localized within the cytosol after stimulation with IgM, suggesting that signaling through CD40 and IgM differentially regulates ERK subcellular localization. Costimulation with CD40 and IgM (CD40/IgM) resulted in subcellular localization of ERK within the cytosol, supporting the notion that stimulation with IgM delivers the signal responsible for inhibition of ERK nuclear transport. Consistent with these observations, IgM and CD40/IgM stimulation resulted in activation of ribosomal S6 kinase, which is a cytoplasmic substrate for ERK, whereas CD40 stimulation had little effect on its activity. Disruption of the microtubule by colchicine in WEHI231 cells resulted in reduction of ERK activity in IgM signaling, but not in CD40 signaling, compatible with the notion that the microtubule network may hold cytoplasmic ERK activity mediated by IgM stimulation. These results support the notion that ERK could mediate different effector functions in B cells upon stimulation with IgM and CD40.

PTVII Archive Eurobricks member Matthew Maulfair has entered the Medium division in the famous Pillage the Village II contest! His entry describes the wishes of every man, guns, rum and wenches! A great idea, and it is well built as well. The outstanding roof for example! The sweet hobby: watering and taking care of his flowers. By the way, after intercepting a letter from his old crew, he discovered that they captured the admiral's daughter and they dont wanna share the jackpot... In this moment his old crew is torturing the daughter to get information and Richard has a great problem: to choose between the great treasure or the true treasure- his little paradise. Warrant Service An Imperial Captain is wanted for cowardice and abandonment for having fled the village when the pirates last attacked. A warrant has been issued for his arrest and a young Imperial Officer hopes to earn a promotion by bringing the Captain to the magistrate. The Officer knocks on the door, with chains in hand, ready to serve the arrest warrant. Upon receiving no answer, the Officer breaks down the door and begins searching the house. Hearing the knock at his door, the Captain runs to hide in the basement where he encounters another problem. Can the Captain quietly kill the scorpion using his frying pan without the Soldier upstairs hearing him and finding his hiding spot? Eurobricks member Pixeldude has entered the medium division with his Pirate Knitting! Somewhere on a small island in the large sea, a pirate is sitting on a beach, knitting some clothing. His pet monkey is even helping him! You really need a quiet place to knit, a lonely island is perfect for that! If someone knows about pirate music, then it has to be Eurobricks member Legosasoperative! His pirate air-band rocks the seven seas! His entry for the medium division is not only funny, it is built nicely as well! Make sure you visit their concerts, otherwise you might end up on the bottom of the ocean! If only modern health spas were as much fun to visit! Honeybee has come up with a unique idea for her Large Division creation for the Pillage The Village II Contest, and there are so many details in it that you could be pouring over this MOC for hours! Eurobricks and Classic-Pirates.com member Derfel Cardarn presents to us his Large Division entry for the Pillage The Village II contest. Another brilliant modular-like piece of island, this is yet another masterpiece. Although not eligable for prizes, the Eurobricks and Classic-Pirates.com staff can still enter into the staff division. Minifig Customization Workshop Moderator LuxorV has built the first staff entry, and what a fantastic entry it is! There is even a little back story, so make sure you visit our Pirate forum for more.

127 Ariz. 259 (1980) 619 P.2d 1036 Patricia HUNT, Petitioner, v. MARICOPA COUNTY EMPLOYEES MERIT SYSTEM COMMISSION; Harold Merkow, Hearing Officer; and Wilson D. Palmer, Clerk of the Maricopa County Superior Court, Respondents. No. 14573. Supreme Court of Arizona, In Banc. November 3, 1980. Rehearing Denied December 2, 1980. *260 McKendree & Lubin by Stanley Lubin, John F. Sass, Phoenix, for petitioner. Charles F. Hyder, Maricopa County Atty. by Sandy Shuch, Deputy County Atty., Phoenix, for respondents. Stevens & Leibow by Charles T. Stevens, Phoenix, for Arizona State Bar in support of respondents. Donald D. Meyers, Robert J. Pohlman, Phoenix, for Arizona Uniservice, Inc., in support of petitioner. Deedra Sparling, Phoenix, for Community Legal Services in support of petitioner. Stephen D. Neely, Pima County Atty. by Rita Vatter, Tucson, in support of respondents. HOLOHAN, Vice Chief Justice. Petitioner, Patricia Hunt, by this special action seeks to require respondents to allow her, pursuant to A.R.S. § 32-261 D, to be represented by a non-attorney in her appeal hearing before the respondent Maricopa County Employees Merit System Commission. The issue presented is whether the provisions of A.R.S. § 32-261 D constitute an *261 unconstitutional violation of the separation of powers provision of Article III of the Arizona Constitution. The essential facts are that the petitioner is employed as a legal clerk in the office of the Clerk of the Maricopa County Superior Court. The respondent Clerk notified petitioner that he was taking disciplinary action against her for insubordinate conduct. The respondent Clerk imposed a four-day suspension from work, extension of the probationary period for ninety days, and a period of counseling after her return to work. A timely appeal from the action taken by her employer was made to the respondent Commission. There are three merit systems operating within the Maricopa County Government. One of the systems, which includes the Superior Court Clerk's Office, is the Maricopa County Judicial Merit System which was created by a resolution adopted by the Judges of the Superior Court for Maricopa County on June 4, 1975. The Maricopa County Board of Supervisors, on August 6, 1975, accepted the resolution of the Judges and agreed to administer the system as part of the Maricopa County Employees Merit System Commission and the Maricopa County Personnel Department. Pursuant to the resolution of the Judges and the agreement by the Board of Supervisors, appeals from disciplinary actions by employees within the judiciary would be heard by the Maricopa County Employee Merit System Commission. The appeal by petitioner from the disciplinary action of the Clerk was accepted by the Commission, and the appeal was assigned for hearing to a hearing officer designated by the Commission. Prior to the hearing date, petitioner advised the Commission that pursuant to A.R.S. § 32-261 D, she wanted to be represented at the hearing by Mr. Tom Donnelly, a person not a lawyer but a representative of the American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees (petitioner's union). Mr. Donnelly was not charging any fee for his representation of petitioner. The hearing officer, respondent Harold Merkow, refused to allow Mr. Donnelly to represent petitioner at the hearing because the hearing officer concluded that such representation by a non-lawyer would constitute the unauthorized practice of law. The position of the hearing officer was adopted by the Commission at one of its regular meetings. The hearing was continued by stipulation of the parties to allow petitioner to file her petition for special action. Petitioner bases her claim of right to be represented by a non-lawyer on the provisions of A.R.S. § 32-261 D. The material parts of the statute provide: "§ 32-261. Practice of law by active members only; violation; classification; exception A. Except as provided in subsections C and D, no person shall practice law in this state unless he is an active member of the state bar in good standing as defined in this chapter. ..... D. An employee may represent himself or designate a representative, not necessarily an attorney, before any board hearing or any quasi-judicial hearing dealing with personnel matters, providing that no fee may be charged for any services rendered in connection with such hearing by any such designated representative not an attorney admitted to practice." We limit our consideration to subsection D of the statute. We are not called upon to decide the constitutionality of subsection C which purports to permit corporate officers to represent their corporations in justice and police courts. A similar statute has been declared unconstitutional by the California Supreme Court. Merco Construction Engineers, Inc. v. Municipal Court, Etc., 21 Cal.3d 724, 147 Cal. Rptr. 631, 581 P.2d 636 (1978). At the outset, we have no hesitancy in stating that the practice of law is a matter exclusively within the authority of the Judiciary. The determination of who shall practice law in Arizona and under *262 what condition is a function placed by the state constitution in this court. See In re Miller, 29 Ariz. 582, 244 P. 376 (1926); In re Bailey, 30 Ariz. 407, 248 P. 29 (1926); State Bar of Arizona v. Arizona Land Title & Trust Co., 90 Ariz. 76, 366 P.2d 1 (1961). This principle is by no means limited to this jurisdiction. In fact, the great weight of authority is in accord with the proposition that the ultimate authority for defining, regulating and controlling the practice of law is vested in the Judiciary. See Merco Construction Engineers, Inc. v. Municipal Court, Etc., supra; Petition of Tennessee Bar Association, 532 S.W.2d 224 (Tenn. 1975); In re Senate Bill No. 630, 164 Mont. 366, 523 P.2d 484 (1974); Land Title Co. of Alabama v. State ex rel. Porter, 292 Ala. 691, 299 So.2d 289 (1974); McKenzie v. Burris, 255 Ark. 330, 500 S.W.2d 357 (1973); Feldman v. State Board of Law Examiners, 438 F.2d 699 (8th Cir.1971); West Virginia State Bar v. Earley, 144 W. Va. 504, 109 S.E.2d 420 (1959); Hoffmeister v. Tod, 349 S.W.2d 5 (Mo. 1961). We note that petitioner concedes that practice before an administrative agency is the practice of law, for as we said in State Bar of Arizona v. Arizona Land Title & Trust Co., supra, the practice of law includes: [T]he preparation for another of matters for courts, administrative agencies and other judicial or quasi-judicial bodies and officials as well as the acts of representation of another before such a body or officer." 90 Ariz. at 95, 366 P.2d 1. This position was reaffirmed in Florez v. City of Glendale, 105 Ariz. 269, 463 P.2d 67 (1969). Petitioner argues that this court should uphold and enforce the lay representation allowed by A.R.S. § 32-261 D because this court has in the past held that it would accept legislatively enacted rules of procedure which are designed to supplement new substantive rights. State ex rel. Purcell v. Superior Court, 107 Ariz. 224, 485 P.2d 549 (1971); State v. Blazak, 105 Ariz. 216, 462 P.2d 84 (1969); Matter of Maricopa County, Juvenile Action No. JS-834, 26 Ariz. App. 485, 549 P.2d 580 (1976). It is petitioner's contention that the establishment of a merit system for county employees created substantive rights which were not in existence before the statute. A.R.S. § 32-261 D was passed by the Legislature subsequent to the enactment of the merit system, but petitioner maintains that the statute was to aid employees in protecting their rights under the merit system. In addition, petitioner argues that under A.R.S. § 12-111 all statutes relating to pleading, practice and procedure become rules of court, effective until modified or suspended by rules promulgated by this court. In State v. Blazak, supra, this court condemned the practice of procedural legislation because of its potential for infringing on the constitutional authority granted to the Judiciary; nevertheless the court accepted the statutory rules at issue in Blazak as rules of court. In effect, petitioner asks that we follow the same course in the case at issue. We do not accept the argument of petitioner that the statute in question is merely a procedural rule to supplement the substantive right created by A.R.S. § 11-351 et seq., the County Employee Merit System. The provisions of A.R.S. § 32-261 D are not limited to the county merit system. The provisions of the section apply broadly to "any board hearing or any quasi-judicial hearing dealing with personnel matters." Petitioner argues that even if the statute may be said to allow laymen to practice law, we should nevertheless accept the legislative enactment in question and authorize persons not admitted to the practice of law to represent individuals in personnel matters. In support of her position, the petitioner points out that the law has always recognized that a person, no matter how inept, may represent himself in any legal proceedings including a criminal trial for a serious offense. Faretta v. California, 422 U.S. 806, 95 S.Ct. 2525, 45 L.Ed.2d 562 (1975). The economics of the situation often give a *263 person no choice but self-representation. As petitioner notes, the amount of financial loss which petitioner will suffer under the employer's disciplinary action is a sum less than $100.00. The employment of an attorney to investigate, try, and argue the matter would far exceed petitioner's loss. This economic fact of life leaves petitioner no alternative but self-representation which she concedes would be unskilled representation indeed. Petitioner points out that her union representative is skilled in this special field of employer-employee relations. She argues that it is illogical to support the concept that an individual has the right to represent herself, no matter how incompetently, but she may not receive aid from another, more competent than she, but not a licensed professional. See Weckstein, Limitations on the Right to Counsel: The Unauthorized Practice of Law, 1978 Utah L.Rev. 649. Petitioner urges that it is essential to justice and fairness that there be a relaxation of a rule which would deny her totally non-lawyer representation. Respondents point out that competency in a limited and specialized field is not the sole test to be used by this court. This court's role is to safeguard the public from harm associated with unqualified representation. Competency of representation is important. An attorney must pass an examination before he may represent members of the public. There is no test provided to test the competency of lay representation. In addition, representation by an attorney also involves the protections provided by enforcement of ethical standards established for the benefit of the client, enforced by a disciplinary system under the control of the courts. The client also has the benefit of a statutory privilege which protects the communications between attorney and client. The ethical standards, discipline, training, and controls placed on lawyers is lacking in the case of representation by a layman. It is this concern to safeguard the public, not to aid the legal profession, which must guide the court. Petitioner answers respondents by pointing out that all the protections provided by a regulated profession are meaningless if a person can't afford such representation. She contends that it would benefit her and other members of the public if they could have some help even if it didn't have all the safeguards associated with representation by a licensed attorney. The problem presented is a difficult one involving the balancing of social objectives. This court wishes to carry out the responsibility placed by the state constitution on us to regulate the practice of law for the protection of the public. We are also concerned that individuals have competent representation available to defend their interest. The Minnesota Supreme Court in Cowern v. Nelson, 207 Minn. 642, 290 N.W. 795, presented the issue in these words: "It is the duty of this court so to regulate the practice of law and to restrain such practice by laymen in a common sense way in order to protect primarily the interest of the public and not to hamper and burden such interest with impractical technical restraints no matter how well supported such restraint may be from the standpoint of pure logic." Under the theory of comity, the Minnesota Supreme Court, in Cowern, upheld the provisions of a statute permitting brokers to draw documents incidental to real estate transactions in which they acted as agents. The Minnesota court made one change in the statute-the brokers could not charge for the document preparation. In two other instances, courts from other states have upheld statutory provisions which allowed non-lawyers to perform selected activities that constituted the practice of law. State v. Dinger, 14 Wis.2d 193, 109 N.W.2d 685 (1961); Denver Bar Association v. Public Utilities Commission, 154 Colo. 273, 391 P.2d 467 (1964). For a number of years the Judiciary of California has allowed lay representation of claimants in Workmen's Compensation Hearings. See Eagle Indemnity Co. v. Industrial Accident Commission, 217 Cal. 244, 18 P.2d 341 (1933); Bland v. Reed, 261 Cal. App.2d 445, *264 67 Cal. Rptr. 859 (1968). In the cited cases the central theme has been the effort to achieve a balance between public need and public protection. After weighing and considering the various arguments presented by the parties and amici curiae, we have determined that it is in the public interest for us to adopt in part the legislative provision at issue and to allow lay representation of employees in administrative hearings dealing with personnel matters under the following conditions: 1) the lay representation must be provided without fee; 2) the subject matter of the hearing must have a value or represent an amount insufficient to warrant the employment of an attorney, but in no event shall lay representation be permitted if the value or amount involved exceeds $1,000.00. This grant of permission for limited lay representation will be withdrawn should the results of experience with such representation prove to be against the public interest. It must also be noted that this grant of permission for lay representation does not affect the provisions of A.R.S. § 12-2234 which makes communications between attorney and client privileged. The lay representative is not an attorney within the means of A.R.S. § 12-2234, so there is no statutory privilege to protect the confidentiality of communications between an employee and his lay representative. The respondents are directed to allow the petitioner to be represented by a non-lawyer in the pending personnel hearing. STRUCKMEYER, C.J., and HAYS and GORDON, JJ., concur. CAMERON, Justice, dissenting. I dissent from that portion of the opinion and decision which would admit non-lawyers to the limited practice of the law before the Maricopa County Employees Merit System Commission. It is, of course, tempting to rule that when the amount in controversy is not sufficient to make retention of an attorney financially feasible, then anybody may represent a person no matter how unqualified the "volunteer attorney" may be, as long as no fee is involved. I am concerned that persons not admitted to the bar nor bound by the same code of conduct as members of the bar and not subject to the discipline of this court are now, by this decision, permitted to practice law even on a limited basis. Hackin v. State, 102 Ariz. 218, 427 P.2d 910, appeal dismissed 389 U.S. 143, 88 S.Ct. 325, 19 L.Ed.2d 347 (1967), reh. den. 389 U.S. 1060, 88 S.Ct. 766, 19 L.Ed.2d 866 (1968). I do not imply that Mr. Tom Donnelly, the union representative in this case, is in any way ethically or morally deficient. It is noted, however, that Mr. Donnelly, the person petitioner wished to represent her, is a representative of the American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees Union. If this union wishes to assist its members in these matters before the Commission, and it is commendable that they wish to do so, it seems to me they could, without too much additional expense, employ an attorney for that purpose. The result of the decision of this court is not so much to provide individuals with the assistance of a non-lawyer to represent them before the Commission, but to allow their union to dispense with employing an attorney for its members and instead provide a non-attorney for legal representation. The opportunity for mischief in such a scheme far outweighs any benefits that may result.

Changes in lipid peroxidation, Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase and its mRNA following an intracerebroventricular injection of 6-hydroxydopamine in mice. A single i.c.v. injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) in mice resulted in a biphasic increase in lipid peroxidation as assayed by the level of thiobarbituric acid-reacting substances (TBARS). An increase in Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was temporally related with the first peak of TBARS but remained unchanged during the second TBARS peak. This suggests that a free radical species other than O2- may be involved in the late onset increase in TBARS. The level of Cu/Zn-SOD mRNA did not immediately reflect the change in Cu/Zn-SOD activity but rather increased gradually reaching significantly higher levels only 8 weeks after i.c.v. an injection of 6-OHDA. This increase in Cu/Zn-SOD mRNA likely occurs in response to a consumption of intrinsic SOD. Thus, short- and long-term increases in lipid peroxidation likely occur by different mechanisms and studies of both are needed to elucidate the neurodegenerative process.

It's been a few weeks since I posted about Racer, my rust code-autocompletion project, so here's another update. First off, thanks to Michael Gehring who has been regularly submitting patches to bring Racer up to date with breaking Rust master changes. I have a very limited amount of time to work on Racer so I really appreciate this, thanks Michael. The main news is that I've cobbled together a Racer vim plugin to go with the emacs one. I don't use vim much myself and I was kinda hoping somebody with expertise would show up and do this but I guess racer isn't sufficiently advanced for people to be interested yet. I'm a bit of a vim n00b so there's probably a much better way of structuring the plugin - any feedback or help would be gratefully received. The other big improvement from last time is that racer can now perform some code completion of fields and methods (in addition to the static lookups I talked about last time). It turns out that type deduction is pretty involved. As an illustration here are the steps racer took in the screenshot above:

University officials said they have identified the student in the photo which they believe was taken by a second person who also climbed to the top.

Wicked Annabella "Wicked Annabella" is a song by English rock band the Kinks, appearing on their 1968 album The Kinks Are the Village Green Preservation Society.The song was written by main songwriter Ray Davies, although sung by lead guitarist Dave Davies in a rare departure from tradition. Music and lyrics "Wicked Annabella" takes on a rather dark and sinister turn, featuring a dissonant melody and unsettling lyrics. The song is in stark contrast to the rest of the album, which mainly consists of up-beat, lilting tunes about English hamlet life and culture. "Wicked Annabella" features a loud, distorted guitar riff and a Mick Avory drum beat that carries the song. When describing the song's sound, Ray Davies said, "This is rather a crazy track. I just wanted to get one to sound as horrible as it could. I wanted a rude sound - and I got it." The song features a bassline in the style of Bach in the song. Bassist Pete Quaife said positive things about the song, saying, "Oh, great fun. I played a Bach bassline during the middle of that once." Live history The song has never been performed live by The Kinks, but the song has become a life favorite of Dave Davies. Cover version The song was covered later by an American band, The Ophelias, as well as British Doom Metal band, Uncle Acid and the Deadbeats. Personnel Dave Davies - lead vocals, lead guitar Ray Davies - rhythm guitar, backing vocals Pete Quaife - bass guitar Mick Avory - drums External links References Category:The Kinks songs Category:Songs written by Ray Davies Category:1968 songs Category:Song recordings produced by Ray Davies

Fatty acids in plasma, white and red blood cells, and tissues after oral or intravenous administration of fish oil in rats. The importance of route of administration of omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (oral vs intravenous (iv)) is not clear. We determined the relative concentrations of fatty acids in plasma phosphatidylcholine (PC), red blood cells (RBC), white blood cells (WBC) and several tissues after short-term oral or iv administration of soybean oil (SO) or fish oil (FO). Wistar rats (n = 6/group) received saline, FO, or SO by gavage or saline, FO based-lipid emulsion (FLE), or SO based-lipid emulsion (SLE) iv. The oils were provided at 0.2 g/kg/day for three consecutive days. The animals were sacrificed 24 h after the last administration, blood was collected for plasma, WBC and RBC separation and tissues removed. Fatty acids were analysed by gas chromatography. FO resulted in higher eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in plasma PC and liver than the control. FLE resulted in higher EPA, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and total n-3 PUFA in plasma PC, WBC and liver than both the control and SLE groups. EPA, DHA and total n-3 PUFA were higher in the heart with FLE compared with SLE. Individual and total n-3 PUFA were higher in plasma PC, WBC, liver and heart with FLE than with FO given by gavage. Short-term iv administration of n-3 PUFA appears to be more effective at increasing EPA and DHA status in plasma, WBC, liver and heart than oral administration. This might be important for rapid treatment with n-3 PUFA.

In Song and Dance In Song and Dance is a 1964 Australian documentary about the Northern Territory Eisteddfodd held between July 4–13, 1964. References External links Category:1964 films Category:Short documentary films Category:Films directed by Lee Robinson Category:Australian films Category:Australian documentary films

Q: Proguard fails with Google Play Services library I'm unable to build my package with Proguard enabled after updating Google Play Services library. My project minSdkVersion is 9. I am using following version of services lib: android:versionCode="4323030" android:versionName="4.3.23 (1069729-030)" > The library states minSdk also 9. And getting error: Unexpected error while performing partial evaluation: Class = [com/google/android/gms/common/GooglePlayServicesUtil] Method = [showErrorDialogFragment(ILandroid/app/Activity;ILandroid/content/DialogInterface$OnCancelListener;)Z] Exception = [java.lang.IllegalArgumentException] (Can't find any super classes of [com/google/android/gms/common/ErrorDialogFragment] (not even immediate super class [android/app/DialogFragment])) java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Can't find any super classes of [com/google/android/gms/common/ErrorDialogFragment] (not even immediate super class [android/app/DialogFragment]) Following related to gms is found in my proguard file: -dontwarn com.google.android.gms.** -keep class com.google.android.gms.** { *; } -keep class * extends java.util.ListResourceBundle { protected Object[][] getContents(); } -keep public class com.google.android.gms.common.internal.safeparcel.SafeParcelable { public static final *** NULL; } -keepnames @com.google.android.gms.common.annotation.KeepName class * -keepclassmembernames class * { @com.google.android.gms.common.annotation.KeepName *; } -keepnames class * implements android.os.Parcelable { public static final ** CREATOR; } DialogFragment was added in API level 11. Is this a failure with the services library or am I missing something? Thanks. A: You should build against API level 11 that contains the missing class. The library itself probably has a fallback mode for older APIs, but ProGuard still needs to process the entire application, including the newer code.

This is an archived article and the information in the article may be outdated. Please look at the time stamp on the story to see when it was last updated. Please enable Javascript to watch this video CRIPPLE CREEK, Colo. -- Patrick Frazee, the man accused of killing his fiancee Kelsey Berreth, was charged with five felony counts on Monday morning by Teller County prosecutors. Frazee, 32, was charged with first-degree murder, first-degree felony murder and three counts of solicitation to commit first-degree murder. The solicitation chargers suggest to investigators that Frazee conspired with at least one other person to kill Berreth. Frazee learned of the charges during a court appearance on Monday in Cripple Creek. He was not asked to enter a plea and did not speak at the hearing. Prosecutors filed two murder charges because they have different theories. One is that he acted alone to kill Berreth, the other, he alone or with other people killed her during a robbery on November 22nd. “Felony murder in this case is when you rob someone, and they die during the robbery that is also first degree murder,” 4th Judicial District Attorney, Dan May said. Berreth was last seen shopping with her daughter at a Safeway store in Woodland Park on Thanksgiving. Berreth's body has not been found but police believe she is dead. Investigators have not said what led to Frazee's arrest, only saying they believe the killing happened inside her home in Woodland Park northwest of Colorado Springs. The cellphone of Berreth, a flight instructor, was tracked to Idaho three days after Thanksgiving. A charging document says Frazee is accused of working to find someone to kill Berreth between September and November and causing her death on or about Thanksgiving. Frazee has said the two met at that time to exchange their 1-year-old daughter. No other details were provided and the document laying out the evidence against Frazee remains sealed. "The reason why the affidavits are sealed at this point is because this is an ongoing criminal investigation," Teller County Senior Deputy District Attorney Jennifer Vemen said. "There are multiple leads that law enforcement needs to follow up on and it's extensive." A consumptive testing hearing was scheduled for Friday and a preliminary hearing for Jan. 29. At a hearing last week, a judge handed custody of the couple's 1-year-old daughter Kaylee to Berreth's parents. Until his arrest on Dec. 21 on suspicion of murder and solicitation of murder, the girl had been staying with Frazee.

Impact of salinity on anaerobic microbial community structure in high organic loading purified terephthalic acid wastewater treatment system. To investigate the effect of salinity (1% sodium chloride) on anaerobic microbial community structure in high strength telephthalic wastewater treatment system, the performances of anaerobic-aerobic process and the shifts of microbial community in anaerobic tank were studied and determined. Results showed that the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal in the whole process remained above 90%. And the effluent concentrations of targeted pollutants were lower than 10 mg/L, other than para-toluic acid (PT, 38.09 mg/L). However, methane production significantly decreased compared to no salinity situation. This might be due to the inhibition of salinity on methanogens, which hindered the conversion of acetate to methane. Furthermore, the dominant genus in bacterial level changed from Tepidisphaera to Syntrophus, which facilitated the syntrophic association with hydrogenotrophic methanogens. The prevailed archaea remained acetoclastic Methanothrix above 90%. Therefore, the salinity on anaerobic microbial community structure mainly reflects in the methanogen process, remarkably decreasing methane production.

Community Theater (Newburg, Missouri) Community Theater, also known as the Lyric Theater, Newburg Theater, and Regional Opera Company, is a historic theatre building located at Newburg, Phelps County, Missouri. It was built in 1919, and is a one-story, rectangular brick building. It has a front gable roof behind a stepped parapet and segmental arched windows flanking the rounded arched central entrance. Until 1955, the building acted as a movie theater, lecture hall and stage for small plays and community events. More recently, the building has seen a rebirth as a theater for small stage productions. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2006. References Category:Theatres on the National Register of Historic Places in Missouri Category:Theatres completed in 1919 Category:Buildings and structures in Phelps County, Missouri Category:National Register of Historic Places in Phelps County, Missouri

#!/bin/bash # ***** BEGIN LICENSE BLOCK ***** # This file is part of Natron <http://www.natron.fr/>, # Copyright (C) 2016 INRIA and Alexandre Gauthier # # Natron is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by # the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or # (at your option) any later version. # # Natron is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the # GNU General Public License for more details. # # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License # along with Natron. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-2.0.html> # ***** END LICENSE BLOCK ***** # # Build packages and installer for Linux # # Options: # DISABLE_BREAKPAD=1: Disable automatic crash report set -e # Exit immediately if a command exits with a non-zero status set -u # Treat unset variables as an error when substituting. #set -x # Print commands and their arguments as they are executed. echo "*** Linux installer..." source common.sh source manageBuildOptions.sh source manageLog.sh updateBuildOptions pushd () { command pushd "$@" > /dev/null } popd () { command popd "$@" > /dev/null } LD_LIBRARY_PATH="${SDK_HOME}/lib:${FFMPEG_PATH}/lib:${SDK_HOME}/qt${QT_VERSION_MAJOR}/lib" PATH="${SDK_HOME}/gcc/bin:${SDK_HOME}/bin:$PATH" export C_INCLUDE_PATH="${SDK_HOME}/gcc/include:${SDK_HOME}/include:${SDK_HOME}/qt${QT_VERSION_MAJOR}/include" export CPLUS_INCLUDE_PATH="${C_INCLUDE_PATH}" if [ "${ARCH}" = "x86_64" ]; then LD_LIBRARY_PATH="${SDK_HOME}/gcc/lib64:${FFMPEG_PATH}/lib${LD_LIBRARY_PATH:+:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH}" else LD_LIBRARY_PATH="${SDK_HOME}/gcc/lib:${FFMPEG_PATH}/lib${LD_LIBRARY_PATH:+:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH}" fi export LD_LIBRARY_PATH if [ -d "${BUILD_ARCHIVE_DIRECTORY}" ]; then rm -rf "${BUILD_ARCHIVE_DIRECTORY}" fi mkdir -p "${BUILD_ARCHIVE_DIRECTORY}" if [ "${DISABLE_BREAKPAD:-}" != "1" ]; then mkdir "${BUILD_ARCHIVE_DIRECTORY}/symbols" fi INSTALLER_PATH="${TMP_BINARIES_PATH}/Natron-installer" # If we are in DEBUG_SYMBOLS mode there might already be deployed installer, remove them if [ ! -z "$DEBUG_SCRIPTS" ]; then (cd "${TMP_BINARIES_PATH}" ; find . -type d -name 'Natron-*' -exec rm -rf {} \;) || true fi mkdir -p "${TMP_PORTABLE_DIR}" if [ -z "${NATRON_BUILD_CONFIG:-}" ]; then echo "NATRON_BUILD_CONFIG empty" exit 1 fi # The following should be consistent with paths configured in uploadArtifactsMain.sh if [ "$NATRON_BUILD_CONFIG" = "SNAPSHOT" ]; then REMOTE_PATH="${REMOTE_PREFIX}/snapshots" APP_INSTALL_SUFFIX="Natron-snapshot" APP_ADMIN_INSTALL_SUFFIX="$APP_INSTALL_SUFFIX" elif [ "$NATRON_BUILD_CONFIG" = "RELEASE" ] || [ "$NATRON_BUILD_CONFIG" = "STABLE" ]; then REMOTE_PATH="${REMOTE_PREFIX}/releases" APP_INSTALL_SUFFIX="Natron-${NATRON_VERSION_FULL}" APP_ADMIN_INSTALL_SUFFIX="$APP_INSTALL_SUFFIX" else REMOTE_PATH="${REMOTE_PREFIX}/other_builds" APP_INSTALL_SUFFIX="Natron" APP_ADMIN_INSTALL_SUFFIX="$APP_INSTALL_SUFFIX" fi REMOTE_PROJECT_PATH="$REMOTE_PATH/$PKGOS/$BITS/$BUILD_NAME" REMOTE_ONLINE_PACKAGES_PATH="$REMOTE_PROJECT_PATH/packages" # The date passed to the ReleaseDate tag of the xml config file of the installer. This has a different format than CURRENT_DATE. INSTALLER_XML_DATE="$(date -u "+%Y-%m-%d")" # tag symbols we want to keep with 'release' VERSION_TAG="${CURRENT_DATE}" if [ "${NATRON_BUILD_CONFIG}" = "RELEASE" ] || [ "$NATRON_BUILD_CONFIG" = "STABLE" ]; then BPAD_TAG="-release" VERSION_TAG="${NATRON_VERSION_FULL}" fi # SETUP XML="$INC_PATH/xml" QS="$INC_PATH/qs" mkdir -p "${INSTALLER_PATH}/config" "${INSTALLER_PATH}/packages" # Customize the config file $GSED "s/_VERSION_/${NATRON_VERSION_FULL}/;s#_RBVERSION_#${NATRON_GIT_BRANCH}#g;s#_REMOTE_PATH#${REMOTE_ONLINE_PACKAGES_PATH}#g;s#_REMOTE_URL_#${REMOTE_URL}#g;s#_APP_INSTALL_SUFFIX_#${APP_INSTALL_SUFFIX}#g;s#_APP_ADMIN_INSTALL_SUFFIX_#${APP_ADMIN_INSTALL_SUFFIX}#g" "$INC_PATH/config/$PKGOS.xml" > "${INSTALLER_PATH}/config/config.xml" # Copy installer images to the config folder cp "$INC_PATH/config"/*.png "${INSTALLER_PATH}/config/" function installPlugin() { OFX_BINARY="$1" PACKAGE_NAME="$2" PACKAGE_XML="$3" PACKAGE_INSTALL_SCRIPT="$4" NATRON_LIBS="$5" if [ ! -d "${TMP_BINARIES_PATH}/OFX/Plugins/${OFX_BINARY}.ofx.bundle" ]; then return 0 fi # Create package PKG_PATH="${INSTALLER_PATH}/packages/$PACKAGE_NAME" if [ ! -d "$PKG_PATH" ]; then mkdir -p "$PKG_PATH/data" "$PKG_PATH/meta" "$PKG_PATH/data/Plugins/OFX/Natron" fi # Copy to portable archive if [ ! -d "${TMP_PORTABLE_DIR}/Plugins/OFX/Natron" ]; then mkdir -p "${TMP_PORTABLE_DIR}/Plugins/OFX/Natron" fi # Configure package for installer if [ ! -f "$PKG_PATH/meta/package.xml" ]; then $GSED -e "s/_VERSION_/${VERSION_TAG}/;s/_DATE_/${INSTALLER_XML_DATE}/" < "$PACKAGE_XML" > "$PKG_PATH/meta/package.xml" fi if [ ! -f "$PKG_PATH/meta/installscript.qs" ]; then cp "$PACKAGE_INSTALL_SCRIPT" "$PKG_PATH/meta/installscript.qs" fi # Dump symbols if [ "${DISABLE_BREAKPAD:-}" != "1" ]; then "${SDK_HOME}/bin/dump_syms" "${TMP_BINARIES_PATH}"/OFX/Plugins/"${OFX_BINARY}".ofx.bundle/Contents/*/"${OFX_BINARY}".ofx > "${BUILD_ARCHIVE_DIRECTORY}/symbols/${OFX_BINARY}.ofx-${CURRENT_DATE}${BPAD_TAG:-}-${PKGOS_BITS}.sym" fi # Extract dependencies OFX_DEPENDS="$(ldd $(find "${TMP_BINARIES_PATH}/OFX/Plugins/${OFX_BINARY}.ofx.bundle/Contents/Linux-"* -maxdepth 1 -type f) | grep "${SDK_HOME}" | awk '{print $3}'|sort|uniq)" if [ ! -z "$OFX_DEPENDS" ]; then LIBS_DIR="${TMP_BINARIES_PATH}/OFX/Plugins/${OFX_BINARY}.ofx.bundle/Libraries" mkdir -p "$LIBS_DIR" DEPENDS_NOT_PART_OF_NATRON=() for x in $OFX_DEPENDS; do # Add the dep only if it is not part of Natron libs pluginlib="$(basename "$x")" CREATE_SYM_LINK=0 for y in $NATRON_LIBS; do natronlib="$(basename "$y")" if [ "$pluginlib" = "$natronlib" ]; then CREATE_SYM_LINK=1 break fi done if [ "$CREATE_SYM_LINK" = "1" ]; then # Create a sym-link to the already bundled dependency in ${TMP_PORTABLE_DIR}/lib # This is a relative path, assuming the plug-in Libraries directory is: # ${TMP_PORTABLE_DIR}/Plugins/OFX/Natron/${OFX_BINARY}.ofx.bundle/Libraries (cd "$LIBS_DIR"; ln -sf ../../../../../lib/"$pluginlib" .) else DEPENDS_NOT_PART_OF_NATRON+=("$x") fi done # Copy deps to Libraries directory in the plug-in bundle for x in "${DEPENDS_NOT_PART_OF_NATRON[@]-}"; do if [ ! -z "$x" ]; then pluginlib="$(basename "$x")" if [ -f "$x" ] && [ ! -f "$LIBS_DIR/$pluginlib" ] && [ ! -L "$LIBS_DIR/$pluginlib" ]; then cp -f "$x" "$LIBS_DIR/" fi fi done # Extract dependencies of the dependencies OFX_LIB_DEP=$(ldd $(find "$LIBS_DIR" -maxdepth 1 -type f) |grep "$SDK_HOME" | awk '{print $3}'|sort|uniq) for y in $OFX_LIB_DEP; do pluginlib="$(basename "$y")" if [ ! -f "$LIBS_DIR/$pluginlib" ] && [ ! -L "$LIBS_DIR/$pluginlib" ]; then cp -f "$y" "$LIBS_DIR/" fi done # Set the rpath of the shared libraries to origin pushd "$LIBS_DIR" chmod 755 *.so* || true for i in *.so*; do patchelf --force-rpath --set-rpath "\$ORIGIN" "$i" || true done popd fi # Strip binary if [ "$COMPILE_TYPE" != "debug" ]; then find "${TMP_BINARIES_PATH}/OFX/Plugins/${OFX_BINARY}.ofx.bundle" -type f \( -iname '*.so' -o -iname '*.ofx' \) -exec strip -s {} \; &>/dev/null fi for location in "$PKG_PATH/data" "${TMP_PORTABLE_DIR}"; do # Copy plug-in bundle cp -a "${TMP_BINARIES_PATH}/OFX/Plugins/${OFX_BINARY}.ofx.bundle" "$location/Plugins/OFX/Natron/" done } # Natron package NATRON_PKG="fr.inria.natron" NATRON_PACKAGE_PATH="${INSTALLER_PATH}/packages/${NATRON_PKG}" PACKAGES="${NATRON_PKG}" # Create package directories mkdir -p "$NATRON_PACKAGE_PATH/meta" # Configure natron package xml $GSED "s/_VERSION_/${CURRENT_DATE}/;s/_DATE_/${INSTALLER_XML_DATE}/" "$XML/natron.xml" > "$NATRON_PACKAGE_PATH/meta/package.xml" cat "$QS/$PKGOS/natron.qs" > "$NATRON_PACKAGE_PATH/meta/installscript.qs" cat "${TMP_BINARIES_PATH}/docs/natron/LICENSE.txt" > "$NATRON_PACKAGE_PATH/meta/natron-license.txt" #GLIBCXX 3.4.19 is for GCC 4.8.3, see https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/libstdc++/manual/abi.html compat_version_script=3.4.19 compat_version=3.4.19 case "${TC_GCC:-}" in 4.4.[2-9]) compat_version=3.4.13 ;; 4.5.*) compat_version=3.4.14 ;; 4.6.0) compat_version=3.4.15 ;; 4.6.[1-9]) compat_version=3.4.16 ;; 4.7.*) compat_version=3.4.17 ;; 4.8.[0-2]) compat_version=3.4.18 ;; 4.8.[3-9]) compat_version=3.4.19 ;; 4.9.*|5.0.*) compat_version=3.4.20 ;; 5.[1-9].*|6.0.*) compat_version=3.4.21 ;; 6.[1-9].*|7.0*) compat_version=3.4.22 ;; 7.1.*) compat_version=3.4.23 ;; 7.[2-9].*) compat_version=3.4.24 ;; 8.*) compat_version=3.4.25 ;; 9.*) compat_version=3.4.26 ;; esac BINARIES_TO_INSTALL="" if [ "${DISABLE_BREAKPAD:-}" != "1" ]; then mv "${TMP_BINARIES_PATH}/bin/Natron" "${TMP_BINARIES_PATH}/bin/Natron-bin" mv "${TMP_BINARIES_PATH}/bin/NatronRenderer" "${TMP_BINARIES_PATH}/bin/NatronRenderer-bin" mv "${TMP_BINARIES_PATH}/bin/NatronCrashReporter" "${TMP_BINARIES_PATH}/bin/Natron" mv "${TMP_BINARIES_PATH}/bin/NatronRendererCrashReporter" "${TMP_BINARIES_PATH}/bin/NatronRenderer" BINARIES_TO_INSTALL="${TMP_BINARIES_PATH}/bin/Natron ${TMP_BINARIES_PATH}/bin/NatronRenderer ${TMP_BINARIES_PATH}/bin/Natron-bin ${TMP_BINARIES_PATH}/bin/NatronRenderer-bin" else BINARIES_TO_INSTALL="${TMP_BINARIES_PATH}/bin/Natron ${TMP_BINARIES_PATH}/bin/NatronRenderer" fi if [ -f "${TMP_BINARIES_PATH}/bin/NatronProjectConverter" ]; then BINARIES_TO_INSTALL="$BINARIES_TO_INSTALL ${TMP_BINARIES_PATH}/bin/NatronProjectConverter" fi if [ -f "${TMP_BINARIES_PATH}/bin/natron-python" ]; then BINARIES_TO_INSTALL="$BINARIES_TO_INSTALL ${TMP_BINARIES_PATH}/bin/natron-python" fi BINARIES_TO_INSTALL="$BINARIES_TO_INSTALL ${SDK_HOME}/bin/iconvert ${SDK_HOME}/bin/idiff ${SDK_HOME}/bin/igrep ${SDK_HOME}/bin/iinfo" BINARIES_TO_INSTALL="$BINARIES_TO_INSTALL ${SDK_HOME}/bin/exrheader ${SDK_HOME}/bin/tiffinfo" BINARIES_TO_INSTALL="$BINARIES_TO_INSTALL ${FFMPEG_PATH}/bin/ffmpeg ${FFMPEG_PATH}/bin/ffprobe" # We copy all files to both the portable archive and the package for the installer in a loop COPY_LOCATIONS=("${TMP_PORTABLE_DIR}" "$NATRON_PACKAGE_PATH/data") for location in "${COPY_LOCATIONS[@]}"; do mkdir -p "$location/docs" "$location/bin" "$location/Resources" "$location/Plugins/PyPlugs" "$location/Resources/stylesheets" cp -pPR "${TMP_BINARIES_PATH}/docs/natron"/* "$location/docs/" [ -f "$location/docs/TuttleOFX-README.txt" ] && rm "$location/docs/TuttleOFX-README.txt" cp -R "${TMP_BINARIES_PATH}/Resources/etc" "$location/Resources/" cp "${TMP_BINARIES_PATH}/Resources/stylesheets"/mainstyle.qss "$location/Resources/stylesheets/" cp "$INC_PATH/natron/natron-mime.sh" "$location/bin/" cp "${TMP_BINARIES_PATH}/PyPlugs"/* "$location/Plugins/PyPlugs/" # OCIO -> has its own package, see below #cp -LR "${TMP_BINARIES_PATH}/Natron/OpenColorIO-Configs" "$location/Resources/" # Configure shell launch script with gcc compat version $GSED -e "s#${compat_version_script}#${compat_version}#" "$INC_PATH/scripts/Natron-Linux.sh" > "$location/Natron" $GSED -e "s#${compat_version_script}#${compat_version}#" -e "s#bin/Natron#bin/NatronRenderer#" "$INC_PATH/scripts/Natron-Linux.sh" > "$location/NatronRenderer" chmod a+x "$location/Natron" "$location/NatronRenderer" # Include in the portable version the test program that we will use later on if [ "$location" = "${TMP_PORTABLE_DIR}" ]; then cp "${TMP_BINARIES_PATH}/bin/Tests" "$location/bin/" fi for b in $BINARIES_TO_INSTALL; do cp "$b" "$location/bin/" done # If the binary contains upper case letters, make a symbolic link. # Solves https://github.com/NatronGitHub/Natron/issues/225 for b in Natron NatronRenderer NatronProjectConverter; do if [ -f "$location/bin/$b" ]; then fname="$(basename "$b")" fnamel="$(echo "$fname" | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]')" # https://stackoverflow.com/a/2264537 if [ "$fname" != "$fnamel" ]; then ln -s "$fname" "$location/bin/$fnamel" fi fi done # end for all locations done # Dump symbols for crash reporting if [ "${DISABLE_BREAKPAD:-}" != "1" ]; then "${SDK_HOME}/bin"/dump_syms "${TMP_BINARIES_PATH}/bin/Natron" > "${BUILD_ARCHIVE_DIRECTORY}/symbols/Natron-${CURRENT_DATE}${BPAD_TAG:-}-${PKGOS_BITS}.sym" "${SDK_HOME}/bin"/dump_syms "${TMP_BINARIES_PATH}/bin/NatronRenderer" > "${BUILD_ARCHIVE_DIRECTORY}/symbols/NatronRenderer-${CURRENT_DATE}${BPAD_TAG:-}-${PKGOS_BITS}.sym" fi # Get all dependencies of the binaries CORE_DEPENDS="$(ldd $(find "${TMP_PORTABLE_DIR}/bin" -maxdepth 1 -type f) | grep "$SDK_HOME" | awk '{print $3}'|sort|uniq)" # icu libraries don't seem to be picked up by this ldd call above pushd "${SDK_HOME}/lib" for dep in {libicudata.so.*,libicui18n.so.*,libicuuc.so.*,libbz2.so.*,liblcms2.so.*,libcairo.so.*,libOpenColorIO.so.*}; do if [ -f "$dep" ]; then CORE_DEPENDS="$CORE_DEPENDS ${SDK_HOME}/lib/$dep" fi done popd # OCIO package OCIO_PKG="fr.inria.natron.color" PACKAGES="${PACKAGES},${OCIO_PKG}" OCIO_PACKAGE_PATH="${INSTALLER_PATH}/packages/${OCIO_PKG}" # OCIO package version (linux/windows) # bump number when OpenColorIO-Configs changes OCIO_VERSION="20180327000000" # OCIO for c in blender natron nuke-default; do lib="${TMP_BINARIES_PATH}/Resources/OpenColorIO-Configs/${c}/config.ocio" LAST_MODIFICATION_DATE="$(date -u -r "$lib" "+%Y%m%d%H%M%S")" if [ "$LAST_MODIFICATION_DATE" -gt "$OCIO_VERSION" ]; then OCIO_VERSION="$LAST_MODIFICATION_DATE" fi done # Create package directories mkdir -p "$OCIO_PACKAGE_PATH/meta" $GSED "s/_VERSION_/${OCIO_VERSION}/;s/_DATE_/${INSTALLER_XML_DATE}/" "$XML/ocio.xml" > "$OCIO_PACKAGE_PATH/meta/package.xml" cat "$QS/ocio.qs" > "$OCIO_PACKAGE_PATH/meta/installscript.qs" # We copy all files to both the portable archive and the package for the installer in a loop COPY_LOCATIONS=("${TMP_PORTABLE_DIR}" "$OCIO_PACKAGE_PATH/data") for location in "${COPY_LOCATIONS[@]}"; do mkdir -p "$location/Resources" cp -LR "${TMP_BINARIES_PATH}/Resources/OpenColorIO-Configs" "$location/Resources/" # end for all locations done # Distribute Natron dependencies in a separate package so that the user only # receive updates for DLLs when we actually update them # rather than every time we recompile Natron CORELIBS_PKG="fr.inria.natron.libs" PACKAGES="${PACKAGES},${CORELIBS_PKG}" LIBS_PACKAGE_PATH="${INSTALLER_PATH}/packages/${CORELIBS_PKG}" mkdir -p "$LIBS_PACKAGE_PATH/meta" # Function to fix rpath of libraries in a list of folders function fixrpath() { FOLDERS="$1" RPATH="$2" for folder in $FOLDERS; do (cd "$folder"; for i in *; do if [ -f "$i" ]; then chmod u+w $i patchelf --force-rpath --set-rpath "\$ORIGIN${RPATH}" "$i" || true optlibs="$(ldd "$i" | grep "$SDK_HOME" | awk '{print $3}'|sort|uniq)" if [ ! -z "$optlibs" ]; then for r in $optlibs; do echo "Warning: runtime path remaining to $r for $folder/$i" done fi fi done ) done } # We copy all files to both the portable archive and the package for the installer in a loop COPY_LOCATIONS=("${TMP_PORTABLE_DIR}" "$LIBS_PACKAGE_PATH/data") for location in "${COPY_LOCATIONS[@]}"; do mkdir -p "${location}/bin" "${location}/lib" "${location}/Resources/pixmaps" #cp "${SDK_HOME}/qt${QT_VERSION_MAJOR}/lib/libQtDBus.so.4" "${location}/lib/" cp "${TMP_BINARIES_PATH}/Resources/pixmaps/natronIcon256_linux.png" "${location}/Resources/pixmaps/" cp "${TMP_BINARIES_PATH}/Resources/pixmaps/natronProjectIcon_linux.png" "${location}/Resources/pixmaps/" cp -pPR "${SDK_HOME}/share/poppler" "${location}/Resources/" cp -pPR "${SDK_HOME}/qt${QT_VERSION_MAJOR}/plugins"/* "${location}/bin/" # Copy dependencies for i in $CORE_DEPENDS; do dep=$(basename "$i") if [ ! -f "${location}/lib/$dep" ]; then cp -f "$i" "${location}/lib/" fi done # Copy dependencies of the libraries LIB_DEPENDS=$(ldd $(find "${location}/lib" -maxdepth 1 -type f) |grep "$SDK_HOME" | awk '{print $3}'|sort|uniq) for y in $LIB_DEPENDS; do dep=$(basename "$y") if [ ! -f "${location}/lib/$dep" ]; then cp -f "$y" "${location}/lib/" fi done # Qt plug-in dependencies QT_PLUG_DEPENDS=$(ldd $(find "${location}/bin" -maxdepth 2 -type f -name '*.so') | grep "$SDK_HOME" | awk '{print $3}'|sort|uniq) for z in $QT_PLUG_DEPENDS; do dep=$(basename "$z") if [ ! -f "${location}/lib/$dep" ]; then cp -f "$z" "${location}/lib/" fi done # Copy gcc compat libs #if [ -f "$INC_PATH/misc/compat${BITS}.tgz" ] && [ "$SDK_VERSION" = "CY2015" ]; then # tar xvf "$INC_PATH/misc/compat${BITS}.tgz" -C "${location}/lib/" #fi # done in build-natron.sh #mkdir -p "${location}/Resources/etc/fonts/conf.d" #cp "${SDK_HOME}/etc/fonts/fonts.conf" "${location}/Resources/etc/fonts/" #cp "${SDK_HOME}/share/fontconfig/conf.avail"/* "${location}/Resources/etc/fonts/conf.d/" #$GSED -i "s#${SDK_HOME}/#/#;/conf.d/d" "${location}/Resources/etc/fonts/fonts.conf" # strip binaries if [ "$COMPILE_TYPE" != "debug" ]; then strip -s "${location}/bin"/* &>/dev/null || true strip -s "${location}/lib"/* &>/dev/null || true strip -s "${location}/bin"/*/* &>/dev/null || true fi if [ ! -d "${location}/Plugins" ]; then mkdir -p "${location}/Plugins" fi # end for all locations done # Copy Python distrib # Remove it if it existed already (with DEBUG_SCRIPTS=1) if [ -d "${TMP_PORTABLE_DIR}/lib/python${PYVER}" ]; then rm -rf "${TMP_PORTABLE_DIR}/lib/python${PYVER}" fi # The whitelist of python site-packages: #python_site_packages=(easy_install.py easy_install.pyc pip pkg_resources PySide README setuptools wheel shiboken.so) # Note that pip and dependencies were already installed by get-pip.py python_site_packages=(PySide shiboken.so) mkdir -p "${TMP_PORTABLE_DIR}/lib/python${PYVER}" for pydir in "${SDK_HOME}/lib/python${PYVER}" "${SDK_HOME}/qt${QT_VERSION_MAJOR}/lib/python${PYVER}"; do (cd "$pydir"; tar cf - . --exclude site-packages)|(cd "${TMP_PORTABLE_DIR}/lib/python${PYVER}"; tar xf -) for p in "${python_site_packages[@]}"; do if [ -e "$pydir/site-packages/$p" ]; then (cd "$pydir"; tar cf - "site-packages/$p") | (cd "${TMP_PORTABLE_DIR}/lib/python${PYVER}"; tar xf -) fi done done # Move PySide to plug-ins directory and keep a symbolic link in site-packages mv "${TMP_PORTABLE_DIR}/lib/python${PYVER}/site-packages/PySide" "${TMP_PORTABLE_DIR}/Plugins/" (cd "${TMP_PORTABLE_DIR}/lib/python${PYVER}/site-packages"; ln -sf "../../../Plugins/PySide" . ) # Remove unused stuff rm -rf "${TMP_PORTABLE_DIR}/lib/python${PYVER}"/{test,config,config-"${PYVER}m"} # Copy PySide dependencies PYSIDE_DEPENDS=$(ldd $(find "${SDK_HOME}/qt${QT_VERSION_MAJOR}/lib/python${PYVER}/site-packages/PySide" -maxdepth 1 -type f) | grep "$SDK_HOME" | awk '{print $3}'|sort|uniq) for y in $PYSIDE_DEPENDS; do dep=$(basename "$y") if [ ! -f "${TMP_PORTABLE_DIR}/lib/$dep" ]; then cp -f "$y" "${TMP_PORTABLE_DIR}/lib/" fi done # Remove any pycache (cd "${TMP_PORTABLE_DIR}" ; find . -type d -name __pycache__ -exec rm -rf {} \;) # Strip pyside and python depends if [ "${COMPILE_TYPE}" != "debug" ]; then strip -s "${TMP_PORTABLE_DIR}/Plugins/PySide"/* "${TMP_PORTABLE_DIR}/lib"/python*/* "${TMP_PORTABLE_DIR}/lib"/python*/*/* &>/dev/null || true fi # Remove pyo files and prune unneeded files using python-exclude file PYDIR="${TMP_PORTABLE_DIR}/lib/python${PYVER:-}" find "${PYDIR}" -type f -name '*.pyo' -exec rm {} \; (cd "${PYDIR}"; xargs rm -rf || true) < "$INC_PATH/python-exclude.txt" # python zip if [ "${USE_QT5:-}" != 1 ]; then rm -rf "$PYDIR"/site-packages/shiboken2* "$PYDIR"/site-packages/PySide2 || true fi fixrpath "${TMP_PORTABLE_DIR}/Plugins/PySide" "/../../lib" fixrpath "${TMP_PORTABLE_DIR}/lib/python${PYVER:-}/lib-dynload ${TMP_PORTABLE_DIR}/lib/python${PYVER:-}/site-packages" "/../.." export PY_BIN="${SDK_HOME}/bin/python${PYVER:-}" export PYDIR="$PYDIR" . "$CWD"/zip-python.sh # Install pip if [ -x "${TMP_PORTABLE_DIR}"/bin/natron-python ]; then $CURL --remote-name --insecure http://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py "${TMP_PORTABLE_DIR}"/bin/natron-python get-pip.py rm get-pip.py fi # Run extra user provided pip install scripts if [ -f "${EXTRA_PYTHON_MODULES_SCRIPT:-}" ]; then "${TMP_PORTABLE_DIR}"/bin/natron-python "$EXTRA_PYTHON_MODULES_SCRIPT" || true fi # Copy Python distrib to installer package cp -pPR "$PYDIR" "$LIBS_PACKAGE_PATH/data/lib/" cp "${TMP_PORTABLE_DIR}"/lib/python*.zip "${LIBS_PACKAGE_PATH}/data/lib/" mkdir -p "$LIBS_PACKAGE_PATH/data/Plugins/" cp -pPR "${TMP_PORTABLE_DIR}/Plugins/PySide" "$LIBS_PACKAGE_PATH/data/Plugins/" # Fix RPATH (we don't want to link against system libraries when deployed) for location in "$LIBS_PACKAGE_PATH/data" "${TMP_PORTABLE_DIR}"; do fixrpath "${location}/bin" "/../lib" fixrpath "${location}/lib" "" BIN_SUBDIRS=$(find "${location}/bin" -type d ! -path "${location}/bin") fixrpath "$BIN_SUBDIRS" "/../../lib" done ALL_NATRON_LIBS=$(ls "$LIBS_PACKAGE_PATH/data/lib"/*.so*) PACKAGES="${PACKAGES},fr.inria.openfx.io" installPlugin "IO" "fr.inria.openfx.io" "$XML/openfx-io.xml" "$QS/openfx-io.qs" "$ALL_NATRON_LIBS" PACKAGES="${PACKAGES},fr.inria.openfx.misc" installPlugin "Misc" "fr.inria.openfx.misc" "$XML/openfx-misc.xml" "$QS/openfx-misc.qs" "$ALL_NATRON_LIBS" installPlugin "CImg" "fr.inria.openfx.misc" "$XML/openfx-misc.xml" "$QS/openfx-misc.qs" "$ALL_NATRON_LIBS" installPlugin "Shadertoy" "fr.inria.openfx.misc" "$XML/openfx-misc.xml" "$QS/openfx-misc.qs" "$ALL_NATRON_LIBS" PACKAGES="${PACKAGES},fr.inria.openfx.extra" installPlugin "Arena" "fr.inria.openfx.extra" "$XML/openfx-arena.xml" "$QS/openfx-arena.qs" "$ALL_NATRON_LIBS" installPlugin "ArenaCL" "fr.inria.openfx.extra" "$XML/openfx-arena.xml" "$QS/openfx-arena.qs" "$ALL_NATRON_LIBS" PACKAGES="${PACKAGES},fr.inria.openfx.gmic" installPlugin "GMIC" "fr.inria.openfx.gmic" "$XML/openfx-gmic.xml" "$QS/openfx-gmic.qs" "$ALL_NATRON_LIBS" # Configure the package date using the most recent library modification date CLIBS_VERSION="00000000000000" for lib in $ALL_NATRON_LIBS; do LAST_MODIFICATION_DATE=$(date -u -r "$lib" "+%Y%m%d%H%M%S") if [ "$LAST_MODIFICATION_DATE" -gt "$CLIBS_VERSION" ]; then CLIBS_VERSION="$LAST_MODIFICATION_DATE" fi done $GSED "s/_VERSION_/${CLIBS_VERSION}/;s/_DATE_/${INSTALLER_XML_DATE}/" "$XML/corelibs.xml" > "$LIBS_PACKAGE_PATH/meta/package.xml" cat "$QS/$PKGOS/corelibs.qs" > "$LIBS_PACKAGE_PATH/meta/installscript.qs" # Generate documentation bash "$CWD"/gen-natron-doc.sh # Copy documentation installed in the portable dir to installer package if [ -d "$NATRON_PACKAGE_PATH/data/Resources/docs" ]; then rm -rf "$NATRON_PACKAGE_PATH/data/Resources/docs" fi if [ -d "${TMP_PORTABLE_DIR}/Resources/docs" ]; then cp -R "${TMP_PORTABLE_DIR}/Resources/docs" "$NATRON_PACKAGE_PATH/data/Resources/" fi # At this point we can run Natron unit tests to check that the deployment is ok. rm -rf "$HOME/.cache/INRIA/Natron"* &> /dev/null || true $TIMEOUT -s KILL 1800 valgrind --tool=memcheck --suppressions="$INC_PATH/natron/valgrind-python.supp" "${TMP_PORTABLE_DIR}/bin/Tests" rm "${TMP_PORTABLE_DIR}/bin/Tests" # Clean and perms (cd "${INSTALLER_PATH}"; find . -type d -name .git -exec rm -rf {} \;) # Build repo and packages ONLINE_INSTALL_DIR="online_installer" BUNDLED_INSTALL_DIR="offline_installer" ZIP_INSTALL_DIR="compressed_no_installer" DEB_INSTALL_DIR="deb_package" RPM_INSTALL_DIR="rpm_package" if [ -d "${BUILD_ARCHIVE_DIRECTORY}" ]; then rm -rf "${BUILD_ARCHIVE_DIRECTORY}" fi mkdir -p "${BUILD_ARCHIVE_DIRECTORY}/$BUNDLED_INSTALL_DIR" if [ "$DISABLE_PORTABLE_ARCHIVE" != "1" ]; then # Portable archive mkdir -p "${BUILD_ARCHIVE_DIRECTORY}/$ZIP_INSTALL_DIR" (cd "${TMP_BINARIES_PATH}" && tar Jcf "${PORTABLE_DIRNAME}.tar.xz" "${PORTABLE_DIRNAME}"; mv "${PORTABLE_DIRNAME}.tar.xz" "${BUILD_ARCHIVE_DIRECTORY}/$ZIP_INSTALL_DIR/${PORTABLE_DIRNAME}.tar.xz") fi if [ "$WITH_ONLINE_INSTALLER" = "1" ]; then mkdir -p "${BUILD_ARCHIVE_DIRECTORY}/$ONLINE_INSTALL_DIR" mkdir -p "${BUILD_ARCHIVE_DIRECTORY}/$ONLINE_INSTALL_DIR/packages" # Gen online repo "${SDK_HOME}/installer/bin"/repogen -v --update-new-components -p "${INSTALLER_PATH}/packages" -c "${INSTALLER_PATH}/config/config.xml" "${BUILD_ARCHIVE_DIRECTORY}/$ONLINE_INSTALL_DIR/packages" # Online installer echo "*** Creating online installer ${BUILD_ARCHIVE_DIRECTORY}/$ONLINE_INSTALL_DIR/$INSTALLER_BASENAME" "${SDK_HOME}/installer/bin"/binarycreator -v -n -p "${INSTALLER_PATH}/packages" -c "${INSTALLER_PATH}/config/config.xml" "${BUILD_ARCHIVE_DIRECTORY}/$ONLINE_INSTALL_DIR/${INSTALLER_BASENAME}-online" (cd "${BUILD_ARCHIVE_DIRECTORY}/$ONLINE_INSTALL_DIR" && tar zcf "${INSTALLER_BASENAME}-online.tgz" "${INSTALLER_BASENAME}-online" && rm "${INSTALLER_BASENAME}-online") fi # Offline installer echo "*** Creating offline installer ${BUILD_ARCHIVE_DIRECTORY}/$BUNDLED_INSTALL_DIR/$INSTALLER_BASENAME" "${SDK_HOME}/installer/bin"/binarycreator -v -f -p "${INSTALLER_PATH}/packages" -c "${INSTALLER_PATH}/config/config.xml" -i "$PACKAGES" "${BUILD_ARCHIVE_DIRECTORY}/$BUNDLED_INSTALL_DIR/$INSTALLER_BASENAME" (cd "${BUILD_ARCHIVE_DIRECTORY}/$BUNDLED_INSTALL_DIR" && tar zcf "${INSTALLER_BASENAME}.tgz" "$INSTALLER_BASENAME" && rm "$INSTALLER_BASENAME") # collect debug versions for gdb #if [ "$NATRON_BUILD_CONFIG" = "STABLE" ]; then # DEBUG_DIR=${INSTALLER_PATH}/Natron-$NATRON_VERSION_STRING-Linux${BITS}-Debug # rm -rf "$DEBUG_DIR" # mkdir "$DEBUG_DIR" # cp -pPR "${SDK_HOME}/bin"/Natron* "$DEBUG_DIR/" # cp -pPR "${SDK_HOME}/Plugins"/*.ofx.bundle/Contents/Linux*/*.ofx "$DEBUG_DIR/" # ( cd "${INSTALLER_PATH}"; tar Jcf "Natron-$NATRON_VERSION_STRING-Linux${BITS}-Debug.tar.xz" "Natron-$NATRON_VERSION-Linux${BITS}-Debug" ) # mv "${DEBUG_DIR}.tar.xz" "$BUILD_ARCHIVE"/ #fi # Build native packages for linux if ( [ "$NATRON_BUILD_CONFIG" = "RELEASE" ] || [ "$NATRON_BUILD_CONFIG" = "STABLE" ] ) && [ "$DISABLE_RPM_DEB_PKGS" != "1" ]; then # rpm echo "*** Creating rpm" mkdir -p "${BUILD_ARCHIVE_DIRECTORY}/$RPM_INSTALL_DIR" if [ ! -f "/usr/bin/rpmbuild" ]; then if [ $EUID -ne 0 ]; then echo "Error: rpmdevtools not installed, please run: sudo yum install -y rpmdevtools" exit 2 else yum install -y rpmdevtools fi fi rm -rf ~/rpmbuild/* if $(gpg --list-keys | fgrep build@natron.fr > /dev/null); then echo "Info: gpg key for build@natron.fr found, all is right" else echo "Error: gpg key for build@natron.fr not found" exit fi $GSED "s/REPLACE_VERSION/$(echo "$NATRON_VERSION_STRING" | $GSED 's/-/./g')/;s#__NATRON_INSTALLER__#${INSTALLER_PATH}#;s#__INC__#${INC_PATH}#;s#__TMP_BINARIES_PATH__#${TMP_BINARIES_PATH}#" "$INC_PATH/natron/Natron.spec" > "$TMP_PATH/Natron.spec" #Only need to build once, so uncomment as default #echo "" | setsid rpmbuild -bb --define="%_gpg_name build@natron.fr" --sign $INC_PATH/natron/Natron-repo.spec echo "" | setsid rpmbuild -bb --define="%_gpg_name build@natron.fr" --sign "$TMP_PATH/Natron.spec" mv ~/rpmbuild/RPMS/*/Natron*.rpm "${BUILD_ARCHIVE_DIRECTORY}/$RPM_INSTALL_DIR/" # deb echo "*** Creating deb" mkdir -p "${BUILD_ARCHIVE_DIRECTORY}/$DEB_INSTALL_DIR" if [ ! -f "/usr/bin/dpkg-deb" ]; then if [ $EUID -ne 0 ]; then echo "Error: dpkg-dev not installed, please run: sudo yum install -y dpkg-dev" exit 2 else yum install -y dpkg-dev fi fi rm -rf "${INSTALLER_PATH}/natron" mkdir -p "${INSTALLER_PATH}/natron" cd "${INSTALLER_PATH}/natron" mkdir -p opt/Natron2 DEBIAN usr/share/doc/natron usr/share/{applications,pixmaps} usr/share/mime/packages usr/bin cp -pPR "${INSTALLER_PATH}/packages"/fr.inria.*/data/* opt/Natron2/ cp "$INC_PATH/debian"/post* DEBIAN/ chmod +x DEBIAN/post* if [ "${BITS}" = "64" ]; then DEB_ARCH=amd64 else DEB_ARCH=i386 fi DEB_VERSION=$(echo "$NATRON_VERSION_STRING" | $GSED 's/-/./g') DEB_DATE=$(date -u +"%a, %d %b %Y %T %z") DEB_SIZE=$(du -ks opt|cut -f 1) DEB_PKG="natron_${DEB_VERSION}_${DEB_ARCH}.deb" cat "$INC_PATH/debian/copyright" > usr/share/doc/natron/copyright $GSED "s/__VERSION__/${DEB_VERSION}/;s/__ARCH__/${DEB_ARCH}/;s/__SIZE__/${DEB_SIZE}/" "$INC_PATH/debian/control" > DEBIAN/control $GSED "s/__VERSION__/${DEB_VERSION}/;s/__DATE__/${DEB_DATE}/" "$INC_PATH/debian/changelog.Debian" > changelog.Debian gzip changelog.Debian mv changelog.Debian.gz usr/share/doc/natron/ cat "$INC_PATH/natron/Natron2.desktop" > usr/share/applications/Natron2.desktop cat "$INC_PATH/natron/x-natron.xml" > usr/share/mime/packages/x-natron.xml cp "${TMP_BINARIES_PATH}/Resources/pixmaps/natronIcon256_linux.png" usr/share/pixmaps/ cp "${TMP_BINARIES_PATH}/Resources/pixmaps/natronProjectIcon_linux.png" usr/share/pixmaps/ (cd usr/bin; ln -sf ../../opt/Natron2/Natron .) (cd usr/bin; ln -sf ../../opt/Natron2/NatronRenderer .) # why? #chown root:root -R "${INSTALLER_PATH}/natron" cd "${INSTALLER_PATH}" dpkg-deb -Zxz -z9 --build natron mv natron.deb "${DEB_PKG}" mv "${DEB_PKG}" "${BUILD_ARCHIVE_DIRECTORY}/$DEB_INSTALL_DIR/" fi echo "*** Artifacts:" ls -R "${BUILD_ARCHIVE_DIRECTORY}" echo "*** Linux installer: done!" # Local variables: # mode: shell-script # sh-basic-offset: 4 # sh-indent-comment: t # indent-tabs-mode: nil # End:

Q: Rsync statistics number of files I'm using rsync with -vrlHh --delete --stats --force options to mirror two directories. The first directory is the source and it's my external hd, the destination directory is empty because I've just created it. I run rsync -vrlHh --delete --stats --force my_hd dest_dir and I get this output. ... 2012/05/12 11:59:29 [18094] Number of files: 189315 2012/05/12 11:59:29 [18094] Number of files transferred: 178767 2012/05/12 11:59:29 [18094] Total file size: 241.57G bytes 2012/05/12 11:59:29 [18094] Total transferred file size: 241.57G bytes 2012/05/12 11:59:29 [18094] Literal data: 241.57G bytes 2012/05/12 11:59:29 [18094] Matched data: 0 bytes 2012/05/12 11:59:29 [18094] File list size: 4.08M 2012/05/12 11:59:29 [18094] File list generation time: 0.002 seconds 2012/05/12 11:59:29 [18094] File list transfer time: 0.000 seconds 2012/05/12 11:59:29 [18094] Total bytes sent: 241.61G 2012/05/12 11:59:29 [18094] Total bytes received: 3.44M 2012/05/12 11:59:29 [18094] sent 241.61G bytes received 3.44M bytes 30.67M bytes/sec 2012/05/12 11:59:29 [18094] total size is 241.57G speedup is 1.00 My question is why Number of files and Number of file transferred are different if the destination directory was empty? A: I believe you are experiencing http://lists.samba.org/archive/rsync/2008-April/020692.html. In short, rsync uses the word "file" in different ways depending on context. In your first "Number of files" count it counts everything. In your second "Number of files transferred", it does not count symbolic links and directories as files. Example: $ mkdir test $ touch test/testfile $ ln -s testfile test/testlink $ ls -FR test test: testfile testlink@ $ rsync -vrlHh --stats test test2 sending incremental file list created directory test2 test/ test/testfile test/testlink -> testfile Number of files: 3 Number of files transferred: 1 Total file size: 8 bytes Total transferred file size: 0 bytes Literal data: 0 bytes Matched data: 0 bytes File list size: 67 File list generation time: 0.001 seconds File list transfer time: 0.000 seconds Total bytes sent: 126 Total bytes received: 38 sent 126 bytes received 38 bytes 328.00 bytes/sec total size is 8 speedup is 0.05 $ ls -FR test2 test2: test/ test2/test: testfile testlink@ A: From author 'Mike Bombich' in rsync@lists.samba.org : For stats, rsync uses the word "file" inconsistently. When reporting the total "Number of files", it indicates a total number of filesystem objects which consists of regular files, directories, symlinks, specials, and devices. When reporting number of "files" transferred, it refers only to regular files. So if there are any non-regular files in there (inc. directories) they won't be included in the count.

1. Technical Field The invention disclosed broadly relates to data processing and more particularly relates to linguistic applications in data processing. 2. Background Art Text processing word processing systems have been developed for both stand-alone applications and distributed processing applications. The terms text processing and word processing will be used interchangeably herein to refer to data processing systems primarily used for the creation, editing, communication, and/or printing of alphanumeric character strings composing written text. A particular distributed processing system for word processing is disclosed in the copending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 781,862 filed Sept. 30, 1985, now U.S. Pat. No. 4,731,735, entitled "Multilingual Processing for Screen Image Build and Command Decode in a Word Processor, with Full Command, Message and Help Support," by K. W. Borgendale, et al. The figures and specification of the Borgendale, et al. patent application are incorporated herein by reference, as an example of a host system within which the subject invention herein can be applied. Previous work has described procedures for reducing the number of candidate words that have to be examined relative to a specific misspelled word to find a list of the best matched candidate words. One technique looks only at those words that differ in length by less than two characters and which retain the same initial character. Another technique uses a vector fetch approach which assigns each word in the dictionary a magnitude value based on the confusability of the characters in the word and only those words within a specific magnitude range of the misspelled word are retrieved. These techniques have been supplemented by double indexing ambiguous or silent first letters (e.g., phonograph under "P" and "F," knight under "K" and "N") to improve their performance in standard office environments. Independent of these spelling aid techniques, statistical methods for determining similarities between strings have been developed and even implemented as integrated circuits. Methods such as the SOUNDEX system have been used to cluster names with similar phonetic characteristics to provide candidate file entries that then have to be screened manually for relevance. Although these methods provide sets of candidate words, they have not integrated the morphological and phonetic components of language and, therefore, the candidates that they produce may be irrelevant or ranked in implausible order.

Hexadactilia trilobata Hexadactilia trilobata is a moth of the family Pterophoridae described by Thomas Bainbrigge Fletcher in 1910. It is found in Australia in Queensland and New Guinea. Original description External links Australian Faunal Directory Trin Wiki Category:Moths of Australia Category:Deuterocopinae Category:Moths of New Guinea Category:Moths described in 1910

View slideshow of invasive species. Gray squirrel may look cute and harmless with their twitchy noses, piercing peepers and oh-so-bushy tails. But an international team of scientists recently named the furry beasties one of Europe's 100 worst environmental offenders. Their crime? Driving the equally adorable European red squirrel toward extinction. The problem of invasive alien species is not unique to Europe. From reindeer on the sub-Antarctic island of South Georgia to mouflon sheep in Hawaii and cane toads in Australia, biological invaders are flourishing around the globe, devastating native plants and animals in their wakes. Often, they deliver multiple punches, as in the case of the U.K.'s gray squirrels. They not only sap resources from the native reds, but carry and spread squirrel pox—a disease that is decimating their red cousins. Initiatives, such as the European Commission's Delivering Alien Invasive Species In Europe (DAISIE) project, which seeks to identify species wreaking havoc on ecosystems across Europe, and Aliens in Antarctica, an International Polar Year (2007–2008) project, are attempting to further the understanding of biological invasions to eliminate current problems as well as prevent future ones. Needless to say, species movements from one location to another are nothing new—the terrestrial flora and fauna on volcanic islands that rose out of the sea, like Hawaii and the Galapagos, had to come from somewhere. The difference between the natural spread of species and today's invasions is how far—and fast—species are traveling. "The natural process happens over slow time periods," says Barry Rice, an invasive species specialist with The Nature Conservancy. "When you have human-augmented invasions, these things happen at rates that are thousands of times faster than natural processes." Many invasive species were released intentionally, like the South Georgia reindeer that were intended to provide meat to whalers in the early 1900s. Now they have overgrazed the native plants, which serve as nesting areas for seabirds and did not evolve to protect themselves against large herbivores. Others, like the Eurasian zebra mussels that invaded the Great Lakes in the 1980s, were stowaways, using oceangoing ships to taxi to a new environment. Years later, the voracious interlopers are continuing their steady march across the nation's waterways and are overwhelming native freshwater mollusks. Global climate change is adding other dimensions to the problem. "South Georgia is undergoing reasonably rapid climate change and retreat of glaciers, and it's hard to say what will happen in the future," says Kevin Hughes, the British Antarctic Survey's environmental research and monitoring manager. "One of the problems with the melting of some of the glaciers is that the reindeer might be able to extend their range and get to parts of the island they're not currently able to access." The interplay of climate change and biological invasions is not only a concern in the polar regions. Wherever more severe and frequent weather events occur, there will be an increasing number of disturbed habitats, which may be ideal for nonnative species. "This is all unknown, but invasive species may be able to take advantage of disturbances and move into these habitats much more quickly than native species," says Steven Hess, a wildlife research biologist at the U.S. Geological Survey Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center's Kilauea Field Station in Hawaii National Park. Native species accustomed to a particular environment have a tough time coping when conditions change, the Conservancy's Rice says. In contrast, many of the most successful invasive species are organisms like rats that easily adapt to various environments. The best way to limit damage from invasive species? Prevent them from getting a foot in the door. "A really good analogy is to think about invasive species [as you would] wildfires," Rice says. "You can control a small fire when all you have to do is step on it, but once it's a large blaze, the logistics are much more complicated." The first line of defense, he says, is to take appropriate biosecurity measures whenever possible. For example, many of the sub-Antarctic islands have implemented simple procedures, such as requiring visitors to dip their shoes in biocide (a chemical that kills microbes and plants) before disembarking onto the islands to prevent seeds or new pathogens from being introduced. But it is impossible to prevent all invasions, which is why Rice stresses the importance of a network of experts who can immediately identify new threats and nip them in the bud. The Invasive Plant Atlas of New England project is doing just that, using trained volunteers to inventory habitats and document the arrival and spread of invasive species. Once intrusive populations become established, it can be almost impossible to get rid of them. Often, as is the case with rats, feral pigs and many plant species, they have extraordinarily high reproductive rates. Rice says that efforts to control invasive species should be tailored to each situation. Called adaptive management, this practice takes into consideration the characteristics of each site, goals, the manpower required and financial resources. Economics almost always figures into decisions about managing invasive species, given limited conservation budgets and the tremendous damages inflicted by invaders on ecosystems. According to The Nature Conservancy, invasive species are estimated to cause $120 billion in damages each year in the U.S. alone. The worldwide toll is hundreds of billions of dollars greater, not to mention the human health and environmental costs. "If I'm a preserve manager and I decide to wipe out every nonnative species, I will drive myself crazy and break my budget," Rice says. "I have to look at the site and ask myself, 'What is important? What am I trying to protect?' Then I ask myself which invasive species are causing damage to that purpose and how to deal with those on a local level." For instance, officials would not waste time or resources trying to remove wild grass from a stopover for migrating birds unless it was interfering with their efforts to, say, drink from ponds there. Management decisions to eradicate populations of introduced species, especially mammals, can be fraught with emotion and regret. In 2005, for instance, The Nature Conservancy killed 5,000 wild pigs on Santa Cruz Island to save the isle's endangered foxes and plants. According to The Conservancy, the action was taken only after extensive consideration of other options. In the end, officials concluded that transporting pigs to the mainland carried too great a risk of disease. "When we find ourselves in a situation [in which] we have to kill some organisms because we introduced them and they're damaging native organisms, ultimately this is a tragedy," Rice says. "We should take responsibility for that tragedy and we should channel that energy into avoiding introducing such organisms in the future." Still, he says, although problems associated with invasive species may be pervasive and complicated, they are not insurmountable. "You can define successes on a regional level—they're not measured only by whether the organism has been eradicated," he says. "Keep your eye on what you're there to protect and not what you're there to control. The goal is protecting native biodiversity. The goal is not to kill nonnative species." View slideshow of invasive species.

Flavonoids for treating venous leg ulcers. Venous leg ulcers are a major health burden: annually, in the UK alone, they contribute an estimated cost to the NHS of GBP 400 million. Flavonoids are a diverse group of naturally-occurring venotonic compounds that address certain microcirculatory parameters involved in venous leg ulcer pathophysiology. To evaluate the clinical effects of flavonoids on the healing of venous leg ulcers. In February 2013 we searched the Cochrane Wounds Group Specialised Register; The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (The Cochrane Library 2013, Issue 1); Ovid MEDLINE; Ovid MEDLINE (In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations); Ovid EMBASE; and EBSCO CINAHL. No date or language restrictions were applied. We checked reference lists of included trials, and contacted pharmaceutical companies. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated the efficacy of any flavonoid-containing compound on venous leg ulcer healing in adults. Two review authors independently assessed trials for the review and disagreements were referred to a third author. All rejected articles were double-checked by a third author. Assessment of risk of bias and data extraction were performed independently by two authors, discrepancies were resolved by referring to the third author. Of the nine studies (1075 participants): five investigated Micronised Purified Flavonoid Fraction (MPFF), and four investigated hydroxyethylrutosides (HR).Meta-analysis involving 723 participants from five trials - four of which were characterised by poor reporting - showed more venous leg ulcers were healed in the MPFF groups than in the control groups (RR 1.36; 95% CI 1.07 to 1.74). However, the most rigorously conducted trial, which was at low risk of bias, did not show any additional benefit of MPFF (RR 0.94; 95% CI 0.73 to 1.22). Since this trial was unpublished, the possibility of publication bias in trials involving flavonoids must be acknowledged. Overall, the quality of reporting of trials on HR was also poor. Pooling three trials, all at unclear risk of bias, involving 279 participants showed a statistically significant effect in favour of HR with respect to number of ulcers healed (RR 1.70; 95% CI 1.24 to 2.34). Although the overall estimate of the number of healed ulcers appeared to show a significant effect in favour of flavonoids (both MPFF and HR), this result needs to be interpreted cautiously, as most of these trials were poorly reported, and so had an unclear risk of bias for randomisation, allocation concealment, blinding and methods for addressing incomplete outcome data. There was also a possibility of publication bias.

698 F.Supp.2d 397 (2010) Carlos CHALUISAN, on behalf of himself and all others similarly situated, Plaintiffs, v. SIMSMETAL EAST LLC, Mark Santiago, and John Does 1-10, Defendants. No. 09 Civ. 1182(PGG). United States District Court, S.D. New York. March 23, 2010. *399 David Stein, Coleman Law Firm, Clifton, NJ, Bradley Ian Berger, Berger & Associates Attorneys, Michael Steven Samuel, Samuel & Stein, New York, NY, for Plaintiff. Cheryl Marie Stanton, Cheoma Smith, David A. Copus, Ogletree, Deakins, Nash, Smoak & Stewart, P.C., Morristown, NJ, for Defendants. MEMORANDUM OPINION & ORDER PAUL G. GARDEPHE, District Judge: In this putative class action, Plaintiff Carlos Chaluisan asserts claims under the Fair Labor Standards Act ("FLSA"), 29 U.S.C. § 201 et seq., and the New York Labor Law, § 650 et seq., on behalf of himself and all others similarly situated, for failure to pay overtime compensation. Plaintiff also asserts individual state law claims for breach of contract and unjust enrichment relating to Defendants' alleged failure to pay him vacation pay and a non-discretionary bonus. Defendants have moved to dismiss the individual claims pursuant to Fed.R.Civ.P. 12(b)(1), contending that this Court should not exercise supplemental jurisdiction over them, because they are not sufficiently related to Plaintiff's FLSA claim for overtime pay. Defendants have also moved, in the alternative, to dismiss Plaintiff's claim for unjust enrichment pursuant to Fed. R.Civ.P. 12(b)(6), arguing that the FLSA preempts this claim. After the motion to dismiss was filed, Plaintiff stipulated to the dismissal of the breach of contract and unjust enrichment claims as against Mark Santiago. (Pltf. Br. 5). Accordingly, those claims will be dismissed. For the reasons set forth below, Defendants' motion will otherwise be DENIED. BACKGROUND Plaintiff Carlos Chaluisan was employed by Defendant Simsmetal East LLC from approximately January 19, 2004, until September 10, 2008, when he was terminated. (Cmplt. ¶ 25) Plaintiff began his employment with Simsmetal as a laborer, but was promoted to supervisor on June 1, 2006. (Id. ¶ 27) Defendant Simsmetal owns and operates scrap processing and recycling facilities in New York, and Defendant Mark Santiago is a principal of the Company. (Id. ¶¶ 24, 10) The events that form the basis for Plaintiff's complaint took place while Plaintiff served as a supervisor. Plaintiff alleges that during this period—from June 1, 2006, until his termination on September 10, 2008—Defendants failed to pay him overtime wages despite the fact that he routinely worked 55 to 60 hours per week. (Id. ¶ 30) Plaintiff alleges that during his first year as a supervisor, Defendant Santiago invariably recorded that Plaintiff had worked 40 hours during a five-day work week and 48 hours when he worked six days. (Id. ¶ 31) During his second year as a supervisor, Plaintiff's hours were recorded by computer, but Santiago nonetheless crossed out Plaintiff's actual hours and recorded his hours as "40" or "48" depending on whether Plaintiff had worked five or six days during that week. (Id. ¶ 32) While referred to as a "salaried" employee, Plaintiff received additional pay *400 when he worked on Saturdays, but only in the form of "straight" pay rather than time and a half. (Id. ¶ 34) As a laborer, Plaintiff had received overtime pay for work on Saturday, but once he was promoted to a supervisor position, he no longer received overtime pay. (Id. ¶ 33) Plaintiff contends that he and others similarly situated were placed in supervisor positions that required little skill and no capital investment, and that they were given duties and responsibilities that did not include bona fide executive functions such as the power to hire or fire, or to set shifts, hours or pay for those supervised. (Id. ¶¶ 29, 38) Accordingly, Plaintiff argues that he was entitled to overtime pay despite his supervisor title, and that Defendants' failure to pay him and others similarly situated overtime compensation violated the provisions of the FLSA, 29 U.S.C. § 201 et seq. and the New York Labor Law, § 650 et seq. (Counts I and II). (Id. ¶¶ 42-53) Defendants argue, however, that Plaintiff became an "exempt" employee under the FLSA and the Labor Law when he was promoted to the supervisor position. (Ans. ¶ 33) In addition to his FLSA and Labor Law claims, the Complaint asserts individual claims for breach of contract and unjust enrichment related to Defendants' refusal to pay (1) vested vacation pay; and (2) an automatic, non-discretionary 8% bonus that Plaintiff had been scheduled to receive at the time of his termination (Count III and IV). (Id. ¶¶ 36, 37, 54-63) DISCUSSION I. THIS COURT HAS SUPPLEMENTAL JURISDICTION OVER PLAINTIFF'S STATE LAW CLAIMS A. The Scope of Supplemental Jurisdiction Defendants argue that Plaintiff's state law claims must be dismissed because they are not sufficiently related to his FLSA claims to justify this Court's exercise of supplemental jurisdiction. When a defendant moves to dismiss under Fed.R.Civ.P. 12(b)(1) for lack of subject matter jurisdiction, plaintiff bears the burden of showing that subject matter jurisdiction exists. See Robinson v. Overseas Military Sales Corp., 21 F.3d 502, 507 (2d Cir.1994). "A case is properly dismissed for lack of subject matter jurisdiction under Rule 12(b)(1) when the district court lacks the statutory or constitutional power to adjudicate it." Makarova v. United States, 201 F.3d 110, 113 (2d Cir.2000). Title 28, U.S.C. § 1367 defines a federal court's supplemental jurisdiction as follows: [I]n any civil action of which the district courts have original jurisdiction, the district courts shall have supplemental jurisdiction over all other claims that are so related to claims in the action within such original jurisdiction that they form part of the same case or controversy under Article III of the United States Constitution. 28 U.S.C. § 1367(a). "[D]isputes are part of the `same case or controversy' within § 1367 when they `derive from a common nucleus of operative fact.'" Achtman v. Kirby, McInerney & Squire, LLP, 464 F.3d 328, 335 (2d Cir.2006) (quoting Promisel v. First Am. Artificial Flowers Inc., 943 F.2d 251, 254 (2d Cir.1991)); see also In re Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether (MTBE) Prods. Liab., 613 F.Supp.2d 437, 440-41 (S.D.N.Y.2009) (quoting Achtman, 464 F.3d at 335) ("Federal and state claims form `one case or controversy,' and thus satisfy section 1367(a), if they `derive from a common nucleus of operative facts or when both claims would normally be expected to be tried in a single judicial proceeding.'"). *401 Supplemental jurisdiction has thus been exercised "`where the facts underlying the federal and state claims substantially overlap or where presentation of the federal claim necessarily brings the facts underlying the state claim before the court.'" McConnell v. Costigan, No. 00 Civ. 4598(SAS), 2000 WL 1716273, at *4 (S.D.N.Y. Nov. 16, 2000) (alterations omitted) (quoting Lyndonville Sav. Bank & Trust Co. v. Lussier, 211 F.3d 697, 704 (2d Cir.2000)). Conversely, supplemental jurisdiction should not be exercised "when the federal and state claims rest[ ] on essentially unrelated facts." Lyndonville Sav. Bank & Trust Co., 211 F.3d at 704. Under Section 1367(c), district courts may decline to exercise supplemental jurisdiction over a claim under subsection (a) if— (1) the claim raises a novel or complex issue of State law, (2) the claim substantially predominates over the claim or claims over which the district court has original jurisdiction, (3) the district court has dismissed all claims over which it has original jurisdiction, or (4) in exceptional circumstances, there are other compelling reasons for declining jurisdiction. 28 U.S.C. § 1367(c). "[W]here at least one of the subsection 1367(c) factors is applicable, a district court should not decline to exercise supplemental jurisdiction unless it also determines that doing so would not promote the values articulated in [United Mine Workers of Am. v. Gibbs, 383 U.S. 715, 726, 86 S.Ct. 1130, 16 L.Ed.2d 218 (1966) ]: economy, convenience, fairness, and comity." Jones v. Ford Motor Credit Co., 358 F.3d 205, 214 (2d Cir.2004). B. Plaintiff's State Common Law and FLSA Claims Arise From a Common Nucleus of Operative Fact Defendants argue that Plaintiff's breach of contract and unjust enrichment claims are wholly unrelated to his FLSA claim for overtime pay and do not derive from a common nucleus of operative fact. (Def. Br. 1) According to Defendants, "[t]he facts relevant to [Plaintiff's] claim for unpaid overtime are entirely unrelated to the facts relevant to his claim that he was owed a bonus and that he was not paid for his vacation time after his termination." (Def. Br. 5) Defendants argue that the only connection between Plaintiff's common law claims and his FLSA claim is the employment relationship between himself and Defendants, and that this relationship "is insufficient to render the claims related enough for this Court to exercise supplemental jurisdiction. . . ." (Def. Br. 4) Plaintiff argues, however, that his common law claims share a common nucleus of operative fact with the FLSA claim because "all claims in the complaint relate to Defendants' compensation practices" and the "same evidence—personnel files, time sheets, pay stubs, terms of employment, etc.—will apply in each case, and the same witnesses—plaintiff, his supervisors, perhaps his co-workers—will likely be deposed or called to testify in each case." (Pltf. Br. 2) Resolution of Defendants' argument that Plaintiff was "employed in a bona fide executive . . . capacity" under 29 U.S.C. § 213(a) (1) and 29 C.F.R. § 541.1—and therefore was an exempt employee for overtime compensation purposes[1]—will require a fact intensive inquiry concerning Plaintiff's duties and compensation. See *402 Connolly v. Smugglers' Notch Mgmt. Co., No. 09 Civ. 131(WKS), 2009 WL 3734123, at *5, 2009 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 104991, at *11 (D.Vt. Nov. 5, 2009) ("[T]o demonstrate that [plaintiff] was exempt from overtime . . . is determined through a two-pronged test of the employee's salary and duties . . . [which] will necessitate inquiry into the legal and factual issues of plaintiff's duties and compensation. . . ." (citing Reich v. Waldbaum, Inc., 52 F.3d 35, 39 (2d Cir.1995) ("The regulations pertinent to the resolution of this issue . . . specify a `duties' and a `salary' test, both of which must be satisfied to qualify for the `bona fide executive' exemption."))). Defendants will be required to demonstrate, inter alia, that Plaintiff's "primary duty is management of the enterprise"; that he "regularly direct[ed] the work of two or more other employees"; that he had the authority to hire or fire, or that his suggestions in this regard were "given particular weight"; and that he was "[c]ompensated on a salary basis at a rate of not less than $455 per week." 29 C.F.R. § 541.100; see also Reich, 52 F.3d at 38. With respect to whether Plaintiff was compensated on a salary basis, Defendants will have to demonstrate that [Plaintiff] regularly receive[d] each pay period on a weekly, or less frequent basis, a predetermined amount constituting all or part of [his] compensation, which amount is not subject to reduction because of variations in the quality or quantity of the work performed. . . . [A]n exempt employee must receive the full salary for any week in which the employee performs any work without regard to the number of days or hours worked. Exempt employees need not be paid for any workweek in which they perform no work. 29 C.F.R. § 541.602(a). Resolution of Plaintiff's FLSA claim will thus require a searching examination of the circumstances of his employment, including his duties and managerial responsibilities, and his compensation. Documentary evidence and testimony from Plaintiff's co-workers and supervisors regarding these matters will be necessary. Plaintiff's state common law claims concerning Defendants' alleged failure to pay him his vested vacation pay and bonus will require consideration of similar evidence. The terms of Plaintiff's employment agreement with Defendants will have to be analyzed. Moreover, because Plaintiff's right to vested vacation pay and bonus appears to be related to the number of days/hours he worked,[2] the number of vacation days he was entitled to, and the number of vacation days he used before his termination, consideration of these claims will require examination of the same employment records called for by his FLSA claim. See Connolly, 2009 WL 3734123, at *4-5, 2009 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 104991, at *11; Patel v. Baluchi's Indian Rest., No. 08 Civ. 9985(RJS), 2009 WL 2358620, at *6, 2009 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 66512, at *19 (S.D.N.Y. July 30, 2009) ("[I]n order to evaluate [plaintiff's] FLSA claims, the parties will necessarily partake in discovery determining [plaintiff's] job title, hours, and wages."). *403 Resolution of Plaintiff's state and federal claims is also likely to require testimony from the same witnesses. Defendants' managers will likely be called to testify concerning their refusal to pay Plaintiff his vested vacation pay and bonus. Supervisors and co-workers will likely be examined concerning the terms of Plaintiff's employment agreement. With respect to Plaintiff's FLSA claim, these same witnesses will undoubtedly be called to testify concerning the nature of Plaintiff's duties and how he was compensated. The fact that Plaintiff's FLSA and state common law claims will involve similar witnesses and evidence provides a strong rationale for exercising supplemental jurisdiction over Plaintiff's state common law claims. See, e.g., Connolly, 2009 WL 3734123, at *4, 2009 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 104991, at *10 (holding that court had supplemental jurisdiction over Plaintiff's state law claims because "adjudication of the state law claims is apt to `require many of the same witnesses, much of the same evidence, and determination of many of the same facts'") (quoting Luongo v. Nationwide Mut. Ins. Co., No. 95 Civ. 3190(MBM), 1996 WL 445365, at *5 (S.D.N.Y. Aug. 7, 1996)); Rivera v. Ndola Pharm. Corp., 497 F.Supp.2d 381, 393 (E.D.N.Y.2007) ("Typically, supplemental jurisdiction is appropriate for claims during the employment relationship because those claims arise from the same underlying factual basis."). When similar evidence and witnesses will be required to adjudicate state and federal claims, principles of judicial economy dictate that "trying the state law claims in state court and the FLSA claim in federal court would require duplication of efforts and . . . would be a waste of judicial resources. . . ." Connolly, 2009 WL 3734123, at *5, 2009 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 104991, at *13-14 (quotation omitted). Recent decisions from district courts in this Circuit support Plaintiff's argument that this Court should exercise supplemental jurisdiction over his state common law claims. In Patel v. Baluchi's Indian Rest., No. 08 Civ. 9985(RJS), 2009 WL 2358620, 2009 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 66512 (S.D.N.Y. July 30, 2009), plaintiffs in a putative class action asserted, inter alia, claims for overtime compensation under the FLSA, and claims for breach of contract and unjust enrichment under state law. Id. at *1, 2009 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 66512 at *3. Defendants moved to dismiss plaintiffs' state common law claims, arguing that they fell outside the court's proper exercise of supplemental jurisdiction. Id. at *4, *6, 2009 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 66512 at *12, *18. The court denied the motion, however, finding that the FLSA and state common law claims derived from a common nucleus of operative fact: The Court finds that . . . supplemental jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1367(a) exists. Plaintiffs allege, inter alia that, "[i]n 2004, Defendant Aggarwal provided Plaintiff Patel with a letter of employment promising him a managerial position at Baluchi's with a salary of $44,000, based on a 40 hour work week, 52 weeks per year." (AC P 110.) Plaintiffs further allege that, in breach of this contract, Plaintiff Patel worked seventy-two hours per week at a "flat rate of $ 450 per week until 2006, and a flat rate of $ 600 per week from 2006 to 2008," and that "in reality, Plaintiff Patel had no managerial authority." (Id. PP 111-12.) Accordingly, in order to evaluate Patel's FLSA claims, the parties will necessarily partake in discovery determining Patel's job title, hours, and wages. This evidence is similarly at the heart of Patel's breach of contract claim, which alleges that Patel worked more hours for less money than provided for by the *404 terms of his contract with Defendants. In short, Plaintiffs' federal claims "`necessarily bring [ ] the facts underlying the state claim before the court.'" Patel, 2009 WL 2358620, at *6, 2009 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 66512, at *19-20 (quoting McConnell, 2000 WL 1716273, at *4 (quoting Lyndonville Sav. Bank & Trust Co., 211 F.3d at 704)). Here, as in Patel, analysis of Plaintiff's FLSA claim will require a thorough analysis of the terms and conditions of his employment, including all aspects of his compensation package. Analysis of the hours and days Plaintiff worked is integral to both sets of claims, because overtime pay, vacation pay, and bonus are all commonly dependent on the number of hours or days worked. Similarly, in Connolly v. Smugglers' Notch Mgmt., plaintiff asserted a claim under the FLSA for overtime pay and state law claims for breach of contract and violation of the Vermont Fair Employment Practices Act, Vt. Stat. Ann. Tit. 21, §§ 495-496. See Connolly, 2009 WL 3734123, at *1, 2009 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 104991, at *1-2. The court determined that exercising supplemental jurisdiction over plaintiff's state law claims was appropriate, because adjudication of the FLSA and state law claims would require similar witnesses and evidence and "necessitate inquiry into legal and factual issues of plaintiff's duties and compensation." Connolly, 2009 WL 3734123, at *4-5, 2009 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 104991, at *10-*11. Defendants rely on three cases—Lyon v. Whisman, 45 F.3d 758 (3d Cir.1995); Rivera v. Ndola Pharmacy Corp., 497 F.Supp.2d 381 (E.D.N.Y.2007); and Torres v. Gristede's Operating Corp., 628 F.Supp.2d 447 (S.D.N.Y.2008)—in arguing that this Court should not exercise supplemental jurisdiction over Plaintiff's state common law claims. None of these cases is on point, however. In Lyon, plaintiff sued an accounting firm and its president claiming that they had failed to pay her overtime wages as required by the FLSA. Plaintiff also brought state law contract and tort claims relating to defendants' failure to pay her a bonus on time and in full. In the tort claim, Plaintiff alleged that defendants had threatened to withhold Plaintiff's vested bonus if she left their employment. Lyon, 45 F.3d at 759. Plaintiff prevailed at trial, but the Third Circuit reversed, finding that the state law claims and FLSA claim were not derived from a common nucleus of operative fact, and that the district court had erred in exercising supplemental jurisdiction over the state law claims. Id. at 763. The court determined that "the only link between [plaintiff's] FLSA and state law claims is the general employer-employee relationship between the parties," and that the exercise of supplemental jurisdiction under these circumstances was improper: [Plaintiff's] FLSA claim involved very narrow, well-defined factual issues about hours worked during particular weeks [while] [t]he facts relevant to her state law contract and tort claims, which involved [defendant's] alleged underpayment of a bonus and its refusal to pay the bonus if [plaintiff] started looking for another job, were quite distinct. Id. at 762. Lyon is distinguishable from the instant case on several grounds. As an initial matter, Lyon's FLSA claim did not require any examination of Lyon's duties or the nature of her compensation. As the Third Circuit stated, all that was necessary was to determine how many "hours [Lyon] had worked during particular weeks." Id. There was no issue as to whether Lyon was an exempt employee. Here, in contrast, the complaint pleads that Defendants stopped paying Plaintiff overtime *405 wages when he was promoted to supervisor (Cmplt., ¶¶ 33-35), and it is apparent— as discussed above—that a thorough analysis of Plaintiff's duties and compensation package will be necessary to resolve his FLSA claims. No such analysis was necessary in Lyon. Because such an analysis will be necessary here, there is far more evidentiary overlap between Plaintiff's FLSA claims and his state common law claims, and it can be fairly said that "presentation of the federal claim [will] necessarily bring[ ] the facts underlying the state claim[s] before the court." McConnell, 2000 WL 1716273, at *4. Lyon's tort and contract claims also raised issues far afield from her FLSA claim. For example, Lyon's claims that defendants (1) committed tortious conduct in threatening to withhold her bonus if she did not remain in their employ; and (2) paid her less than the bonus they promised, required evidence that was completely unrelated to the sole issue raised by her FLSA claim—i.e., the number of hours she worked in a given week. Defendants' reliance on Rivera v. Ndola Pharmacy Corp., 497 F.Supp.2d 381 (E.D.N.Y.2007), is likewise misplaced. In Rivera, the plaintiff worked in defendants' pharmacy. She alleged that defendants violated the FLSA by failing to pay her overtime, and had also sexually harassed her, in violation of the New York State and New York City human rights laws. In connection with the sexual harassment, Plaintiff also asserted common law claims of battery, intentional and negligent infliction of emotional distress, and negligent retention and supervision. Defendants argued that all of the state law claims should be dismissed because they did "not share a common nucleus of facts with the federal overtime claim." Rivera, 497 F.Supp.2d at 392. The court, however, decided to exercise supplemental jurisdiction over the sexual harassment claims against one defendant, because he had agreed to "increase[ ] [plaintiff's] wages as a result of her agreement to be his `friend' and accompany him to breakfast and lunch." Id. at 393. After this defendant learned that the plaintiff had a boyfriend, he reduced her wages and made her a part-time employee. Id. Based on this record, the court concluded that the exercise of supplemental jurisdiction was appropriate: Plaintiff's allegations of sexual harassment against N. Patel are closely related to her wages during her employment, and as such, arise from a "common nucleus of operative fact" as her FLSA overtime claim. Id. In reaching this result, the court noted that "[t]ypically supplemental jurisdiction is appropriate for claims during the employment relationship because those claims arise from the same underlying factual period." Id. at 393 (citing Treglia v. Town of Manlius, 313 F.3d 713, 723 (2d Cir.2002) (exercise of supplemental jurisdiction was proper where plaintiff's state and federal claims arose "out of approximately the same set of events"); Promisel v. First Am. Artificial Flowers, 943 F.2d 251, 254 (2d Cir.1991) (exercising supplemental jurisdiction where plaintiff's federal ADEA claim and state law claims were based on plaintiff's termination)). The Rivera court dismissed plaintiff's remaining sexual harassment-related state law claims, however, because they were based on conduct that took place "after plaintiff stopped working overtime and involve both different rights and underlying facts than plaintiff's overtime claims." Id. at 395. The court determined that exercising supplemental jurisdiction over these claims was not appropriate, given that "the only factual link between plaintiff's claims. . . and the FLSA overtime claim is that the underlying events occurred during the *406 course of plaintiff's employment by [defendants]." Rivera, 497 F.Supp.2d at 393. Nothing in Rivera suggests that dismissal would be appropriate here. Indeed, to the extent that Rivera acknowledges that supplemental jurisdiction should generally be exercised over state law claims that arise from the same time period as an FLSA claim, Rivera supports Plaintiff's position.[3] In any event, for the reasons stated above, Plaintiff's state common law claims and FLSA claim are much more intertwined than the FLSA claim and dismissed sexual harassment claims at issue in Rivera. Finally, Torres v. Gristede's Operating Corp., 628 F.Supp.2d 447 (S.D.N.Y.2008), is inapposite. In Torres, plaintiffs sued for overtime wages under the FLSA and defendant brought permissive faithless-servant counterclaims under state law. The counterclaims were based on plaintiffs' "purported misconduct in the course of their employment . . . [including that one plaintiff had] sexually harassed coworkers and falsified information on his employment application [and that another plaintiff had] misuse[d] . . . a customer credit card." Id. at 466. The court refused to exercise supplemental jurisdiction over these permissive counterclaims because "none of the events alleged in [defendant's] state law faithless servant claims are relevant to Plaintiffs' overtime claims." Id. at 468. The court determined that "the only possible connection between the parties' claims is that they both arise out of Individual Plaintiffs' employment," and ruled that the employment relationship alone was not sufficient to demonstrate that the FLSA claims and the faithless-servant claims arose from a common nucleus of operative fact. Id. Torres is easily distinguished from the instant action. The state law counterclaims in Torres related to distinct incidents involving individual plaintiffs that were completely unrelated to defendant's compensation practices. See id. ("[N]one of the events alleged in [Defendant's] state law . . . claims are relevant to Plaintiffs' overtime claims."). Here, Plaintiff's state law claims will require reference to many of the same witnesses and much of the same documentary evidence as the FLSA claim. Because Plaintiff's state common law claims and FLSA claim are "`derive[d] from a common nucleus of operative fact,'" Achtman, 464 F.3d at 335 (quoting Promisel, 943 F.2d at 254), and because none of the 28 U.S.C. § 1367(c) factors are present, this Court will exercise supplemental jurisdiction over Plaintiff's state common law claims pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1367. II. PLAINTIFF'S UNJUST ENRICHMENT CLAIM WILL NOT BE DISMISSED AT THIS TIME Defendants argue, in the alternative, that "to the extent that Plaintiff bases his unjust enrichment claim on unpaid overtime, the FLSA preempts such claim." (Def. Br. 6)[4] Plaintiff's opposition brief does not address this issue. There is case law support for the proposition that while a plaintiff cannot obtain a double recovery under the FLSA and state unjust enrichment law, there is *407 no bar to pleading both claims simultaneously. In Davis v. Lenox Hill Hosp., No. 03 Civ. 3746(DLC), 2004 WL 1926087, 2004 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 17284 (S.D.N.Y. Aug. 31, 2004), for example, defendants moved to dismiss the plaintiff's state law unjust enrichment claim, arguing that the "unjust enrichment claim is preempted by the FLSA." Davis, 2004 WL 1926087, at *6, 2004 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 17284, at *25. The court denied the motion: The defendants mistakenly contend that Davis cannot simultaneously assert claims for unjust enrichment and violation of the FLSA. . . . Insofar as the defendants' argument is about overtime compensation, they correctly note that Davis cannot recover under both federal and state law for the enforcement of the same right. At the pleading stage, however, parties are entitled to plead causes of action under both state and federal law to vindicate the same right unless the federal law preempts the state claim. The FLSA does not preempt state law in the area of overtime compensation. See Overnite Transp. Co. v. Tianti, 926 F.2d 220, 222 (2d Cir.1991) (citing 29 U.S.C. § 218(a)). If Davis prevails at trial on both her FLSA and unjust enrichment claim, she will be limited to the remedy provided by the FLSA for the violation of its overtime compensation requirements. At the pleading stage, however, she is free to pursue her claim under both state and federal law. Davis, 2004 WL 1926087, at *7, 2004 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 17284, at *27-28. In rejecting the argument that the FLSA preempts state law unjust enrichment claims, the Davis court relied on Overnite Transp. Co. v. Tianti, 926 F.2d 220 (2d Cir.1991), in which the Second Circuit held that states are not preempted from regulating overtime wages: Congress' intent to allow state regulation to coexist with the federal scheme can be found in § 18(a) of the FLSA, which explicitly permits states to mandate greater overtime benefits. See 29 U.S.C. § 218(a). We also note that every Circuit that has considered the issue has reached the same conclusion—state overtime wage law is not preempted by. . . the FLSA. Overnite Transportation Co., 926 F.2d at 222 (citations omitted). Courts in this Circuit routinely rely on Overnite Transportation for the proposition that the FLSA does not preempt state regulation of overtime wages. See Cohen v. Gerson Lehrman Group, Inc., 686 F.Supp.2d 317, 323-24 (S.D.N.Y.2010) ("Overnite Transportation continues to be followed by courts in this District confronting FLSA preemption arguments. . . . [Defendant] sets forth no basis to depart from Overnite Transportation and its progeny."); Segal v. Varonis Systems, Inc., 601 F.Supp.2d 551, 554 (S.D.N.Y.2009) ("`It is settled in the Second Circuit that FLSA does not preempt state wage and hour laws.'" (quoting Guzman v. VLM Inc., No. 07 Civ. 1126(JG), 2008 WL 597186, at *10 (S.D.N.Y. Mar. 2, 2008))). A decision that the FLSA does not preempt state regulation of overtime wages does not necessarily indicate, however, that state common law claims are not preempted, and the Second Circuit has not directly addressed that issue. Patel, 2009 WL 2358620, at *8, 2009 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 66512, at *25; Lopez, 2008 WL 203038, at *5 ("The Second Circuit Court of Appeals has not indicated whether state common-law claims such as those being asserted here are preempted by the FLSA.") In Anderson v. Sara Lee Corp., 508 F.3d 181, 194 (4th Cir.2007), however, the Fourth Circuit concluded that the FLSA preempted the state law contract, negligence, and fraud claims alleged in that *408 case, which were based solely on alleged FLSA violations[5]: we . . . hold today that Congress prescribed exclusive remedies in the FLSA for violations of its mandates. . . . Because the FLSA's enforcement scheme is an exclusive one, we further conclude that the Class Members' FLSA-based contract, negligence and fraud claims are precluded under a theory of obstacle preemption. Anderson, 508 F.3d at 194 (citations omitted) (emphasis added). At least one court in this Circuit has followed Anderson. See Lopez v. Flight Serv. & Sys., Inc., No. 07 Civ. 6186(CJS), 2008 WL 203028, at *7 (W.D.N.Y. Jan. 23, 2008) (granting motion to dismiss unjust enrichment and other state law claims because they "pertain to Defendants' alleged failure to pay Plaintiffs in accordance with the FLSA . . . [and] are preempted by the FLSA"). Here, it is not clear from the Complaint (or from Plaintiff's opposition brief) whether Plaintiff's unjust enrichment claim is based solely on an alleged FLSA violation, or whether it has an independent basis. In pertinent part, the unjust enrichment claim (Count IV of the Complaint) reads as follows: 60. Plaintiff conferred the benefit of his services on the Defendants with the understanding and expectation that he would be compensated for their [sic] services. 61. Defendants have intentionally failed and refused to fully compensate Plaintiff for his services. 62. As a result, Defendants have been unjustly enriched at the expense of Plaintiff. 63. As a direct and proximate result, Plaintiff has been damaged and is entitled to recover from Defendants the amount of his unpaid compensation. (Cmplt., ¶¶ 60-63)[6] Given this uncertainty, and the unsettled nature of the law,[7]see Chen v. Street Beat *409 Sportswear, Inc., 364 F.Supp.2d 269, 292 (E.D.N.Y.2005) ("The law is unsettled as to whether the FLSA preempts state common law claims."), this Court will not dismiss Plaintiff's unjust enrichment claim at this time. Discovery will reveal whether this claim seeks overtime compensation and whether it is duplicative of Plaintiff's FLSA claim for overtime compensation. If so, Defendants will be free to renew their motion at summary judgment. See, e.g., Roble v. Celestica Corp., Civil No. 06-2934 (JRT/FLN), 2006 WL 3858396, at *3, 2006 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 94067, at *8 (D.Minn. Dec. 29, 2006) (denying motion to dismiss breach of contract, unjust enrichment, and quantum meruit claims on FLSA preemption grounds; "[w]hile additional discovery may reveal that plaintiffs' common law claims are in fact duplicative of the statutory claims, the Court cannot conclude at this stage of the proceedings that the underlying common law claims are preempted by the FLSA"). CONCLUSION Counts III and IV of the Complaint are dismissed as against Defendant Mark Santiago. Defendants' motion to dismiss is otherwise DENIED. The Clerk of the Court is directed to terminate the motion. [Docket No. 6] SO ORDERED. NOTES [1] FLSA implementing regulations provide for "an exemption from the Act's minimum wage and overtime requirements for any employee employed in a bona fide executive, administrative, or professional capacity. . . ." 29 C.F.R. § 541.0(a). [2] The Complaint alleges that Defendants "refused to pay [Plaintiff] for his vested vacation time he had earned." (Cmplt. ¶ 36) It is reasonable to infer that Plaintiff's alleged right to vacation pay had vested as a result of the hours/days he had worked prior to his termination. Similarly, Plaintiff alleges that Defendants refused to pay him "an automatic, non-discretionary 8% bonus" that he was scheduled to receive from defendants at the time of his termination. Id. at ¶ 37. Once again, qualification for the bonus appears to have been based on Plaintiff's mere employment by Defendants, rather than on the attainment of a goal unrelated to hours or days worked. [3] Defendants argue that Plaintiff's state law claims are temporally distinct because Plaintiff was only refused his bonus and vacation pay "after his employment ended." (Def. Br. at 4) This argument is unavailing. Plaintiff alleges that the bonus and vested vacation compensation were promised to him during his employment and that his right to this compensation accrued during his employment. (Cmplt. ¶¶ 36-37, 55) [4] Defendants do not contend that the FLSA preempts Plaintiff's vacation pay and bonus claims. (Def. Br. 6 n. 2) [5] The Court noted that plaintiffs "do not contend. . . that any North Carolina law entitles them to unpaid wages. Rather . . . they rely on the FLSA for their rights, and they invoke state law only as the source of remedies for the alleged FLSA violations." Anderson, 508 F.3d at 193. [6] It is likewise not apparent from the Complaint whether Plaintiff's unjust enrichment claim is based solely on his vacation pay and bonus claims—which Defendants do not challenge on this part of their motion—or extends to Plaintiff's claim for overtime compensation. [7] Compare Anderson, 508 F.3d at 194 ("[W]e. . . conclude that the Class Members' FLSA-based contract, negligence and fraud claims are precluded under a theory of obstacle preemption."); Johnston v. Davis Security, Inc., 217 F.Supp.2d 1224, 1227 (D.Utah 2002) (dismissing common law claims for, inter alia, conversion, unjust enrichment, fraud, negligent misrepresentation, gross negligence, breach of contract, and breach of fiduciary duty because the "common law claims are based on the same facts and circumstances as [the] FLSA claims"); Petras v. Johnson, No. 92 Civ. 8298(CSH), 1993 WL 228014, at *4 (S.D.N.Y. Jun. 22, 1993) ("Because defendants' alleged fraud consists of the intentional frustration of the FLSA overtime rules, for which the FLSA provides a remedy in the form of liquidated damages . . . plaintiff's claim for punitive damages based on fraud is dismissed."); Nettles v. Techplan Corp., 704 F.Supp. 95, 100 (D.S.C.1988) (holding that plaintiff's common law negligence claims were preempted by the FLSA); with Avery v. City of Talladega, 24 F.3d 1337, 1348 (11th Cir.1994) (allowing claim for breach of contract coterminous with FLSA claim to survive "as an alternative legal theory"); Davis, 2004 WL 1926087, at *6-7, 2004 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 17284, at *27-28 (holding that FLSA did not preempt unjust enrichment claim and noting that "parties are entitled to plead causes of action under both state and federal law to vindicate the same right"); Paukstis v. Kenwood Golf & Country Club, Inc., 241 F.Supp.2d 551, 559-60 (D.Md.2003) (concluding that state negligence claim did "not necessarily conflict with the purpose of the FLSA's remedial scheme" and denying motion to dismiss).

Allow me to introduce you... One of the most exciting parts of this yoga journey is the people I meet along the way--yogis of all shapes and sizes, with different backgrounds and beliefs--some who spend time on their mat and some whose yoga happens elsewhere--in the community, in their art, in their families, through service, through surviving and thriving. Every journey is different, that's for sure, but sometimes we forget how similar we are and how much we have in common. We all work our butts off to look and feel like we've got it figured out and under control, and we all fear exposing what may be our most shared, relatable, human traits--the scared and anxious parts of us, the parts that are afraid of failure and rejection, even the parts that feel really proud but don't want to shine too brightly! Here's a space to get to know someone new, reach out, connect, be inspired. If you'd like to introduce yourself and tell your story, contact me! It's scary as hell to put it out there--trust me, I know! If there's a story inside of you that wants to be told, but there's also a voice in your head telling you that your story's too small or too weird or not important enough, just go ahead and tell that voice to pipe down and thensend me a note!Embrace the fear! Join a community of people who are not content with anything less than being fully, bravely alive. “Just hold on. Pain won’t last.”This is the message I saw on a poster I spotted in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit while taking my intern on a tour of the hospital. It was the creation of a child no more than 6 years old, the drawing simple and the coloring messy in that hurried way that young children create their art. But the message was so powerful that it made me stop dead in my tracks and reflect on its meaning. How deep. How significant. How strong this child was to come up with such a message of wisdom, of bravery, and most of all of hope. I was most struck by a single word in that six-word message: pain. "My goodness," I thought, "these tiny children know so much about physical pain, about feeling ill, about being poked and prodded day-in and day-out. They have no privacy, no interaction with their peers. They know all too well about emotional pain and what it feels like to not be a normal, healthy child.” These medically fragile children often live in the hospital for weeks on end, hooked up to loud, cold, frightening machines. But instead of focusing on the difficulty, this child had the incredible ability to look beyond the pain. S/he had the maturity, the insight to know that there is much more to life than just pain of the present. This child, despite all that s/he must have been through, knows that pain, no matter how intense, won’t last, and that with time and patience pain subsides and eventually becomes manageable or even tolerable. It is a difficult concept for anyone, even adults, to understand and accept. I am an adult and am still learning to cope every day with pain. It has now been five years and I am still grieving the loss of a loved one. For the first few years, I was consumed by the pain and sadness of her dying. It was tortuous to see other people go happily about their daily lives while I was reminded constantly of my loss. I was angry and truly believed that there was nothing left to live for. I was severely depressed and anxious without anywhere to turn because I refused help. "No one understands. Why would they?," I told myself. "Fuck the world, fuck everyone." There were times when I screamed from the bottom of my lungs because the pain was too intense to keep inside. Then there were moments when I was so exhausted from crying that I could not pick myself up from the floor. There was a long period when I only ate candy because nothing else tasted good, the sugar the only substance that could dull the sharp edge of my intense grief. I tried watching comedies to see if I could still laugh and found that I couldn't. Everything fell apart; nothing made sense. I hated everyone with the same intensity that I loved her. I wanted so desperately just to be with her again. Then there were the dreams, the best and the worst part of it all. We were together, healthy, laughing, talking, hugging -- I swear I could even smell her comforting scent. As soon as I felt whole again, happy again… I’d wake up only to realize that she was gone. It was tough, but I embraced those dreams for the moments they gave me with her, for their ability to let me feel her once again. And then there were the nightmares, the ones that made me so upset that I would literally jump out of bed. She was in pain, dying and non-verbal. In those nightmares I relived the last few weeks of her life on repeat. I would bawl and bawl and scream out for her. Today, I am better. I’m not sure if there was a turning point or if I just made a decision to be happier. Maybe my tear ducts dried out and I couldn't cry anymore. Maybe she kicked my butt back to life so I wouldn’t waste it away. Whatever the reason, I can now honestly say that my pain, no matter the intensity, didn’t last. Of course, her absence pierces my soul and I miss her - no, crave her - presence every day. Mother’s Day will forever suck. It sucked that she wasn’t there on my wedding day. It sucks that she can’t be here to watch my adorable niece and nephew grow up—she would have loved it and been a fabulous grandmother. It really sucks that I can’t ask her about her youth, call her up to gossip or to learn her delicious recipes, or the countless other things that people get to do. I miss her cooking - man, do I miss her cooking! And without a doubt, I would do anything if I could bring her back. But I can’t. So instead I chose to hold on and to cope. Coping does not mean "moving on" from her passing. It means carrying her forward with me as I move through my life, always with her ever-present guidance and love. It means being comforted in the knowledge and hope that one day we will be reunited. Because with the people you love the most, there is no goodbye. There is only see you later. Meet the author! (Furreal. She's fantastic!) Name: MihoAge: 29 Day Job: Pediatric medical social worker Dream Job: World traveling photographerIf I Had a Million Dollars: Adopt all the dogs in the world and build a house near water and mountains What I Wish Everyone Knew: Just be kind, everyone is fighting a battle What I Want: To cure cancerWhat Holds Me Back: Discomfort What Motivates Me: Making Her ProudWhat I'd Like to Let Go: Anxiety What I'd Like to Keep: Patience Biggest Fear: Losing a loved one God Is: What you want her to be Prayer Is: Meditation What is Sacred: Time Teacher: Self-reflection Quote of the Day: “Just hold on. Pain won’t last.” Current Book Obsession: Lifelong book obsession, Man's Search for Meaning, by Viktor Frankl

Differential effects of enalapril-felodipine versus enalapril-lercanidipine combination drug treatment on sympathetic nerve traffic and metabolic profile in obesity-related hypertension. Scanty information is available on the effects of combination drug treatment based on an ACE inhibitor and a calcium channel blocker on the neurometabolic alterations characterizing obesity-related hypertension (OHT). After 2-week run-in with enalapril (20 mg), 36 OHTs were randomized according to a double-blind crossover design to a combination therapy with either lercanidipine 10 mg (L) or felodipine extended release 5 mg (F), each lasting 8 weeks. Measurements included clinic and ambulatory blood pressure (BP) and heart rate, homeostasis model assessment index, plasma norepinephrine, and muscle sympathetic nerve activity. Patients with uncontrolled BP were then uptitrated to 20 mg/d (L) and 10 mg/d (F) combined with enalapril 20 mg, respectively, for further 8 weeks. For similar BP reductions, enalapril-lercanidipine (EL) caused norepinephrine and MSNA increases significantly less pronounced than those seen with enalapril-felodipine, the lesser sympathoexcitation observed with EL being coupled with a significant improvement in homeostasis model assessment index. This was the case also when L and F were uptitrated in the combination. In OHT, at variance from enalapril-felodipine, EL combination is almost entirely devoid of any major sympathoexcitatory effect and is associated with an improvement in insulin sensitivity.

car behind you too close? Don't change speeds. Swerve a little so they think you've been drinking. They'll back off. 1,362 shares

Palestinian Authority Minister of Religious Affairs Mahmoud Al-Habbash said in a recent sermon broadcast on Palestinian TV that Jews killed Yasser Arafat, just as they killed the Prophet Muhammad. “We don’t have the slightest doubt that they (the Jews/Israelis) killed him (Arafat). One way or another, they killed him. Even Allah’s Messenger (Muhammad) – they (Jews) killed him with poison,” Al-Habbash said. Palestinian Media Watch (PMW) first reported on the video showing Al-Habbash making the comments. PMW noted that Al-Habbash’s comments regarding the Prophet Muhammad kept to the tenets of the Muslim faith. “According to the Hadith (sayings and practices attributed to Islam’s Prophet Muhammad), a Jewish woman in the Jewish town of Khaibar served Muhammad poisoned meat. On his deathbed three years later, Muhammad told his wife Aisha that the pain he was experiencing was caused by the poisoned meat that he was given by the Jews,” PMW said. Related coverage Report: Trump Administration Seeking Direct Israel-Lebanon Talks on Maritime Border The Trump administration is once again seeking direct talks between Israel and Lebanon on setting their maritime border -- which... Since his death in 2004 various theories as to the cause of Arafat’s death have kept the terror patriarch in the headlines. In 2007, it was reported that PA Chairman Mahmoud Abbas had confirmed to Ahmad Jibril, founder of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine-General Command, that Arafat died of AIDS, contracted during a homosexual liaison. More recently, Arafat’s widow, aided by Al Jazeera, exhumed Arafat’s body to test his remains for poison, in the form of a radioactive element used to kill a Russian enemy of Premier Vladimir Putin. Swiss and Russian teams published the results of these tests earlier this month. The Swiss team concluded that the tests were “coherent with a hypothesis of poisoning.” However, a member of the team also stated that “our study did not permit us to demonstrate categorically the hypothesis of poisoning by polonium.” The Russian report concluded that “there was insufficient evidence to support the theory that Yasser Arafat died in 2004 by polonium poisoning.” Watch a video of the comments below:

In a direct response to the novel coronavirus pandemic, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid on Monday revealed more temporary expansions of telehealth services for Medicare recipients. “Today, we're announcing that we're going to go even further and we're going to be paying doctors to make phone calls with their patients and provide care over the phone,” CMS Administrator Seema Verma announced at a COVID-19 Task Force press briefing Monday afternoon. “And we're getting rid of long-standing barriers to telehealth in the Medicare program, allowing emergency rooms to use telehealth and eliminating requirements that some visits be provided face-to-face.” In a larger announcement around new regulatory changes to combat the pandemic, also published Monday, CMS officials said the agency will “now allow for more than 80 additional services to be furnished via telehealth.” The agency also noted that under the expansion “new as well as established patients now may stay at home and have a telehealth visit with their provider,” and providers will have the ability to bill for telehealth visits at the same rate as in-person visits. On top of several other additions, CMS also said physicians can supervise their clinical staff “using virtual technologies when appropriate, instead of requiring in-person presence.” The news comes several days after the agency initially announced plans to broaden reimbursements for telehealth services and extend telehealth benefits for Medicare recipients. Further information on the agency's waivers and rule changes related to the COVID-19 pandemic can be found online. Help us understand the situation better. Are you a federal employee or contractor with information about how your agency is handling the coronavirus? Email us at newstips@nextgov.com.

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Tvastar In the historical Vedic religion, () is the artisan god or fashioner. The Purusha Sukta refers to the Purusha as Tvastr, who is the visible form of creativity emerged from the navel of the invisible Vishvakarma. In the Yajurveda, Purusha Sukta and the tenth mandala of the Rigveda, his character and attributes are merged with the concept of Hiranyagharbha/Prajapathy or Brahma. The term, also transliterated as ...Tvaṣṭr, nominative , is the heavenly builder, the maker of divine implements, especially Indra's Vajra and the guardian of Soma. Tvaṣṭṛ is mentioned 65 times in the Ṛgveda and is the former of the bodies of men and animals,' and invoked when desiring offspring, called garbha-pati or the lord of the womb. As per Ṛgveda Tvaṣṭr known as Rathakāra belongs to clan of the Bhṛgus. Similarly, as mentioned in the epic Mahābhārata, Tvaṣṭṛ or the Rathakāra is Śukrācārya's son, Śukrācārya (the mentor of the asuras) is Bhṛgu's grandson and Vāruṇibhṛgu's son. Tvaṣṭṛ is sometimes associated or identified with similar deities, such as Savitṛ, Prajāpatī, Viśvakarman and Puṣan. He fathered Vritra, as well as the twins Trisiras and Saranyu, with his wife, Virocanā. Virocanā is a daitya famously known as Prahlada's daughter and Virocana's brother. He is the father of Saranya, who twice bears twins to Vivasvat (RV 8.26.21), Yama and Yami, also identified as the first humans. He is also the father of Viśvarūpa or Triśiras who was killed by Indra, in revenge Tvaṣṭṛ created Vrtra a fearsome dragon. Surprisingly he is also inferred to as Indra's father. Tvaṣṭṛ is a solar deity in the Mahābhārata and the Harivaṃśa. He is mentioned as the son of Kāśyapa and Aditi and is said to have made the three worlds with pieces of the Surya. See also Tuisto Citations External links www.viswakarmas.com Category:Hindu gods Category:Rigvedic deities Category:Solar gods Category:Smithing gods

By checking this box, you agree that you would like to receive offers and information from UFC (Zuffa,LLC) about similar events and products by email as described in our Privacy Policy (http://www.ufc.com/privacyPolicy). You can unsubscribe at any time. Benavidez, Makovsky to Clash at UFC 196 Top flyweight contender Joseph Benavidez will kick off 2016 in Las Vegas on Saturday, Feb. 6, as he risks his number one ranking against the No. 8-ranked Zach Makovsky in UFC 196 action at the MGM Grand Garden Arena. UFC 196 is headlined by the world heavyweight championship rematch between Fabricio Werdum and Cain Velasquez. Tickets go on sale to the general public on Friday, Jan. 8. Unbeaten in four straight, Benavidez has used wins over Tim Elliott, Dustin Ortiz, John Moraga and Ali Bagautinov to sail to the top of the division, and with a victory over Makovsky, who has won five of his last seven, he hopes to make his case for a shot at 125-pound champion Demetrious Johnson. Media UFC women's bantamweight Gina Mazany discusses training at the UFC Performance Institute and the type of performance we can expect from her inside the Octagon at Fight Night Liverpool. 23/05/2018 Stephen Thompson returns to the Octagon in Liverpool to take on rising star Darren Till in the main event. 23/05/2018 Darren Till continues his quest to be the greatest with a main event matchup against Stephen Thompson this Sunday in Liverpool. 22/05/2018 Israel Adesanya's Octagon debut was arguably the most anticipated since two weight world champion Conor McGregor. "The Last Stylebender" impressed with a second-round TKO win vs. Rob Wilkinson and spoke about his performance. 10/02/2018 Go backstage at UFC 221 with Yoel Romero after his victory in Perth, Australia over Luke Rockhold. Romero talks to UFC correspondent Megan Olivi about the huge win. By checking this box, you agree that you would like to receive offers and information from UFC (Zuffa,LLC) about similar events and products by email as described in our Privacy Policy(http://www.ufc.com/privacyPolicy). You can unsubscribe at any time.

1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a semiconductor device, and more particularly, to a semiconductor device and fabrication method thereof which increases a junction breakdown voltage and improves a snap-back characteristic thereof. 2. Description of the Background Art An integrated circuit unified within a single chip with regard to a control function and a driving function is referred to as a smart power device. An output terminal of the smart power device includes a high power transistor operating at a high voltage of about 15-80V, and a logic unit includes a normal transistor operating at a low voltage of about 5V. Such smart power devices are employed to drive a display apparatus such as LCD (liquid crystal display), and HDTV (high definition TV). A high power transistor of the smart power device is formed such that a lightly doped region (or, called as drift region) which is lightly doped between a drain and a channel region, compared to the drain. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a high power semiconductor device unit of a smart power device according to the conventional art. Therein, a p-channel transistor is shown but an n-channel transistor has the same structure. That is, the conductive type of impurities or ions is opposite and the structure remains identical. As shown therein, an n-type well 110 is formed in a p-type semiconductor substrate 100. A plurality of field oxide layers 101 are formed on the p-type semiconductor substrate 100 and the n-type well 110. A gate electrode 102 is formed to cover a predetermine portion of the upper surface of the field oxide layer 101 and the n-type well 110. In the n-type well 110 at the sides of the gate electrode 102 there are formed p+ type impurity layers 103a, 103b. the p+ impurity layer 103a is formed adjacent to an end portion of the gate electrode 102, and the p+ type impurity layer 103a is formed at an end portion of the field oxide layer 101 with the gate electrode 102 laid thereon and spaced from the end portion of the gate electrode 102. The p+ type impurity layer 103b distanced from the gate electrode 102 is a drain. Also, a p-type impurity layer 104 which is a lightly doped impurity layer in comparison to the source/drain 103a, 103b is extended from a certain point between the field oxide film 101 and the source 103a to an end portion of the drain 103b and covers the drain 103b from bottom and side surfaces thereof. Also, the junction depth of the drift layer 104 remains constant at respective sides of the source and drain. The drift layer serves as a buffer layer when a high electric field is applied to the drain side, thereby preventing a junction breakdown and restraining a hot carrier effect from generating. However, the semiconductor device as shown in FIG. 1 has disadvantages. That is, since the junction depth of the drift layer is constant, the thickness D1 of the drift layer beneath the drain is relatively thin compared to the thickness D2 of the drift layer beneath the field oxide layer. Accordingly, when high power is applied to the drain region, the electric field loaded at the drain is not sufficiently relieved. Therefore, a junction breakdown easily occurs at the drain region, and the breakdown voltage is relatively low. Further, the snap-back voltage is low due to the hot carrier generation, thereby deteriorating reliability of the semiconductor device. The present invention is directed to overcoming the conventional disadvantages. Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a semiconductor device wherein a drift layer of a portion of a drain region and a field oxide layer edge having a strong electric field is formed deeper than a drift layer of the other portion thereof, thereby sufficiently relieving electric field and preventing a hot carrier generation as well as improving product reliability. To achieve the above-described object, there is provided a semiconductor device according to the present invention which includes a semiconductor substrate having a first conductive type impurity, a well having a second conductive type impurity formed in a predetermined region of the semiconductor substrate, a plurality of field oxide layer formed on an upper surface of the semiconductor substrate having the first conductive type impurity and the well having the second conductive type impurity, a gate electrode formed on corresponding portions of the field oxide layer and the well, and a lightly doped first impurity region formed in the well between the gate electrode and the first conductive type impurity region and surrounding the first conductive impurity region from sides and lower portions thereof and relatively lightly doped in comparison to the first conductive type impurity region, wherein the device includes a junction of the lightly doped first impurity region surrounding the first conductive type impurity region is relatively deep in comparison to a junction of the lightly doped first impurity region below the field oxide layer. Further, to achieve the above-described object, there is provided a semiconductor device fabrication method according to the present invention which includes the steps of forming a second conductive type well on a predetermined portion of a first conductive type semiconductor substrate, forming a plurality of field oxide layers on the semiconductor substrate and the well, forming a mask on the semiconductor substrate and the well so as to form a first conductive impurity layer in the well, forming a first conductive type impurity layer by implanting and annealing first conductive type impurity ions in the well using the mask, removing the mask, forming a gate electrode on the field oxide layer, the drift layer and the well, and forming a source in the well adjacent to an end portion of the gate electrode and a drain in the first conductive type impurity layer at an end portion of the field oxide layer adjacent to the other end portion of the gate electrode. The features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent from the detailed description given hereinafter. However, it should be understood that the detailed description and specific example, while indicating preferred embodiments of the invention, are given by way of illustration only, since various changes and modifications within the spirit and scope of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from this detailed description.

--- abstract: 'A virtual graphical construction is made to show the difference between neutrino and anti-neutrino oscillations in the presence of CP violation with CPT conservation.' author: - | R. G. Moorhouse$^b$\ $^b$University of Glasgow,Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K.\ title: Note on a Pattern from CP Violation in Neutrino Oscillations --- Introduction ============ There is interest in the possibility that CPT violation may occur and then show in neutrino oscillation experiments[@BL],[@CDK], [@MINOS].. However this may be, CP violation is long established and it is of importance to seek it in neutrino oscillation results. If one takes a conservative point of view that nature conserves CPT, and there are 3 generations of neutrinos, then the consequences of CP violation in neutrino oscillation become more definite. In particular if CP were conserved $\nu$ transition probabilities would be the same as $\bar{\nu}$ transition probabilities while the occurence therein of CP violation makes these different [@Kayser]. This differencc is dependent on the neutrino oscillation parameter $L/E$, $L$ being the distance of travel from creation to detection and $E$ the energy of the initial neutrino: and it is also sensitive to the value of the small ratio of neutrino mass squared differences. There results a complicated 2-variable dependence in addition to the linear dependence on the leptonic Jarlskog parameter, $J_{lep}$[@HSW]. Pattern for the difference between $\nu$ and $\bar\nu$ oscillations =================================================================== The input to the formula for neutrino transition probabilities is largely from the mixing matrix elements $U_{\alpha i}$ where $\alpha$ is one of the 3 flavour indices and $i$ one of the 3 mass eigenstate indices. From these 9 elements plaquettes [@BD] can be constructed, these being phase invariant products of 2 $U$ elements multiplied by products of 2 $U^{\star}$ elements which occur in transition probabilities $\nu_{\alpha} \to \nu_{\beta}$ of neutrino beams. Here $\alpha,\beta$ are flavour indices of beam neutrinos. The construction is as follows. Greek letters denoting flavour indices $(e,\mu,\tau)$ and Roman letters mass eigenstate indices there are 9 plaquettes,labelled $\Pi_{\alpha i}$: $$\Pi_{\alpha i} \equiv U_{\beta j}U^{\star}_{\beta k}U_{\gamma k}U^{\star}_{\gamma j} \label{119}$$ where $\alpha,\beta,\gamma$ are non-equal and in cyclic order and $i,j,k$ are also non-equal and in cyclic order (The pattern discussed in this paper applies for an inverted hierarchy as well as for the normal hierarchy; that is there is no necessary association between a particular $\alpha$ and a particular $i$.) . Making use of well-known formalism [@Kayser] the beam transition probability for $\nu_{\alpha} \to \nu_{\beta}$,$\alpha \neq \beta$ can be written as $$\begin{aligned} P(\nu_{\alpha} \to \nu_{\beta})= -4\sum_{i=1}^3 \Re(\Pi_{{\gamma}i})\sin^2((m_{{\nu}k}^2-m_{{\nu}j}^2) L/4E)\\ +2\sum_{i=1}^3 \Im(\Pi_{{\gamma}i})\sin((m_{{\nu}k}^2-m_{{\nu}j}^2) L/2E)\label{120}\end{aligned}$$ where L is the length travelled by neutrino energy E from creation to annihilation at detection. The survival probability, $P(\nu_{\alpha} \to \nu_{\alpha})$, (given in [@Kayser]) can be calculated from the transition probabilities above. So the $3 \times 3$ plaquette matrix $\Pi$ and the neutrino mass eigenstate values squared differences carry all the information on transition and survival probabilities of a given beam. The last term (\[120\]) being only non-zero when CP is not conserved. Indeed all the nine $\Im \Pi_{{\alpha} i}$ are equal and equal to [@HDS] the leptonic Jarlskog invariant; $$\Im \Pi_{{\alpha} i}=J_{lep}$$. So J, as usual, is signalling CP violation. With CPT invariance the transition probability for anti-neutrinos $P(\bar{\nu}_{\alpha} \to \bar{\nu}_{\beta};\Pi )= P(\nu_{\alpha} \to \nu_{\beta};\Pi^\star)$ [@Kayser]. Thus the contribution of CP violation in anti-neutrino transitions is of the same magnitude but opposite sign to that in neutrino transitions, giving rise to a, in principle measurable, difference in the overall probability since the CP conserving contributions are the same.. The part of the probability (\[120\]) arising from CP violation is 2$J\xi$ where $$\xi= \sum_{i=1}^3 \sin((m_{{\nu}k}^2-m_{{\nu}j}^2)L/2E) \label{121}$$ This sum of sine functions (the sum of whose arguments is zero) may readily be transformed to $$\xi= 4\sin(x_d)\sin(y_d)\sin(x_d+y_d) \label{122}$$ $$\begin{aligned} (x_d,y_d)=(d_1L/4E,d_2L/4E) \\ d_1=(m_{{\nu}2}^2-m_{{\nu}1}^2), d_2=(m_{{\nu}3}^2-m_{{\nu}2}^2)\label{123}\end{aligned}$$ . Now consider the function $$\Xi(x,y) \equiv 4\sin(x)\sin(y)\sin(x+y) \label{126}$$ where in $\Xi (x,y)$ the arguments $x,y$ are freely varying and not restricted as in $\xi$. This function $\Xi$ has multiple maxima,minima with values $+3\sqrt3/2,-3\sqrt3 /2$ at arguments say $x_m$ and $y_m$ which are integer multiples of $\pi/3$ (but obviously not spanning all such integer multiples). Given mass squared differences then $\xi(L/E)$ is a function varying only with $L/E$ and the above maxima and minima cannot generally be attained. However one can distinguish regions of $L/E$ where relatively high values of $\xi$ are attained. These are, naturally, given by values of $x_d,y_d$ near to $x_m,y_m$ points of $\Xi$. These latter points can be located in the $(x,y)$ plane through the necessary condition that there the first derivatives of $\Xi$ with respect to both $x$ and $y$ should vanish. A simple geometrical picture can be given as follows. On the $x$ and $y$ positive quartile of the plane construct a square grid with neighbouring grid lines a distance $\pi/3$ apart resulting in a pattern of squares of side $\pi/3$. All the maximum and minimum points of $\Xi$ are at intersection points of the grid lines and are given by $$\begin{aligned} (x_m,y_m)=(1+3l,1+3k)\pi/3 \label{127}\\ (x_m,y_m)=(2+3l,2+3k)\pi/3 \label{128}\end{aligned}$$ where $l$ and $k$ are any non-negative integers. The points $(\ref{127})$ have $\Xi=3\sqrt3/2$ and the points $(\ref{128})$ have $\Xi=-3\sqrt3/2$. It is near these special points in the $x,y$ plane that $\xi(L/E)$ (eqn. \[121\]) has numerically large values. Note that for seeking observation of CP violation using the difference between $\nu$ and $\bar{\nu}$ transitions it does not matter whether $\xi$ is positive or negative so both maximum and minimum points of $\Xi$ are equally potentially important. As $L/E$ varies the points $(x_d,y_d)$ (\[123\]) trace a straight line in the $(x,y)$ plane starting at $(0,0)$ and ascending as $(L/E)$ increases. This line of $\xi$ makes a small angle arctan$(d_1/d_2)$ with the y-axis and pases through the archipelago of special points given by (\[127\],\[128\]). Points $(x_d,y_d)$ on the line of $\xi$ which are close to the $\Xi$ special points (\[127\],\[128\]) give numerically large values of $\xi$ and the associated values of $L/E$ signify neutrinos whose transtions contain a relatively large CP violating part. To give an idea of how much of the plane has a value of $\Xi$ near maximum or minimum then the value of $\Xi$ near the special points should be evaluated. Let $\delta$ be the distance between a near point and the special point which it is near to. Then near a maximum or minimum $\Xi=\pm 3\sqrt3/2(1- \Delta)$ respectively. where $\Delta \leq 2\delta^2$ . . Thus within an area limited by $\delta = .2$ (noting that a grid square has sides length $\pi/3$) the value of $\Xi$ is nearly equal to that at the special grid point. So the structure of $\Xi$ is such that for certain intervals (not large) of $L/E$ the contribution of $J\xi$ to CP violation in neutrino transitions (measured by the difference between $\nu$ and $\bar{\nu}$ transitions) is much bigger than an average over larger intervals. Such an interval of $L/E$ is when the line of $L/E$ passes near a peak or trough of $\Xi$. The example that follows is only illustrative, though by happenstance rather striking. There are, obviously, uncertaities in the prescription due to considerable relative uncertainties in the value (though certainly small) of $d_1/d_2$ and also in the different plaquette values found in different theories. Take $$d_1=8.0\times 10^{-5} eV^2, d_2=2.5\times 10^{-3} eV^2,$$ so that $d_1/d_2=.032, d_2/d_1=31.25$. Consider the grid line $y=62\pi/3$ (given by $k=20$ eqn.\[128\]). On this grid line $\Xi$ has a minimum value $-3\sqrt3/2$ at $x=2\pi/3$ and the line of $\xi$ crosses the grid line at $x=(2\pi/3- .016)$ which means that $\xi$ has almost attained the minimum value, $-3\sqrt3/2$,and that $L/4E = 62\pi/3d_2 = 0.248 \times 10^5\pi/3$. The values of the plaquettes defined from the MNS mixing matrix elements, $U_{\alpha i}$,depend on the phases of these elements. A theory can give the moduli and phases of these elements and the consequent plaquette have the virtue of being obviously invariant under phase redefinitions of the eigenstates $\nu_{\alpha}$ and of the eigenstates $\nu_i$. In the absence of experimental data on the phases of the $U_{\alpha i}$, but the existence of some considerable experimental guidance on the moduli it seems not unreasonable to use, as a specimen for present purposes, one of the theories which gives a matrix of moduli squared resembling that of the tri-bimaximal mixing hypothesis [@HPS]. The particular theory used [@M] incorporates the values of the mass squared differences given and used above and has the matrix of MNS modulus squared elements:. $$\left[\begin{array}{ccc} .638 & .344 & .017\\ .260 & .331 & .409\\ .102 & .325 & .573 \end{array}\right], \label{132}$$ bearing a distinct resemblance to the postulated ’ideal’ structure of this matrix in tri-bimaximal mixing [@HPS]: (The theoretical model [@M] produces the MNS matrix using the normal hierarchy.) As previously noted $\Im \Pi_{{\alpha} i}=J_{lep}$ (for all 9 elements of $\Pi$) and the contribution of CP violation to the transition probabilities is given by $$P_{CP}(\nu_{\alpha} \to \nu_{\beta})=2\xi(L/E)J_{lep} \label{129}$$ for all $\alpha$ not equal to $\beta$. For this particular model $J_{lep}=.01744$ and at the nearly minimum point discussed above $$\begin{aligned} P(\bar{\nu}_\mu \to \bar{\nu}_e)=P(\nu_e \to \nu_\mu) = .3470\label{130}\\ P(\nu_\mu \to \nu_e)=P(\bar{\nu}_e \to \bar{\nu}_\mu) = .5276\label{131}\end{aligned}$$ the difference of 0.1806. It should be emphasized that this large difference depends not only on the nearness to a special point, which is a concept independent of the any particular model of the MNS matrix but also on the particular model having a maybe atypically large value of $J_{lep}$. Naturally this type of experimental comparison may yield some knowledge of $J_{lep}$. The numerical value of $L/E$ given above in units $ev^{-2}$ may, on inserting the appropriate dimensionful value of $\hbar c$, be related to the experimental conditions through $$L/4Eev^{-2}=1.266L(km)/E(Gev)=0.248 \times 10^5\pi/3$$. Values of $L/E$ of this order may be appropriate for atmospheric muon neutrinos created on the opposite side of the earth to the detector. However the large value of $L/E$ highlights the probable accelerator experiment difficulties of getting near to some of the special grid points of $\Xi$; this sharply depends on the precise value of the gradient of the line of $\xi$. It is clear that there is at present no reliable prediction of detailed exprimental results; most importantly because the precise slope of the line of $\xi$ in the $(x,y)$ plane is uncertain, being the ratio of neutrino mass differences. Rather, any value of the construction is that experiment may give information on its physically significant parameters. Information may of course be obtained by computer evaluation of the transition probabilities (\[120\]) for very many multiple parameter choices, diligent attention enabling the construction of cognitive or computer maps. The author thanks David Sutherland and Colin Froggatt for comments on this note.. [8]{} G.Barenboim and J.D.Lykken, arXiv: 0908.2993\[hep-ph\] G.Barenboim, L Borissov and J.D.Lykken, arXiv: 0212.116\[hep-ph\] D.Choudhury,A. Datta and A.Kundu arXiv:1007.2923\[hep-ph\]. P. Adamson et al.arXiv:1007.2791\[hep-ph\]. B.Kayser ’Neutrino mass, mixing and flavor’ in 2008 Review of Particle Physics: C. Amaler et al.,Physics Letters B667, 1(2008). P. F. Harrison, W. G. Scott and T. J. Weiler, arXiv: 0908.2993\[hep-ph\] J. D. Bjorken and I. Dunietz,Phys. Rev. D36, 2109 (1987). P F Harrison, S Dallison and W G Scott, arXiv:0904.3071\[hep-ph\] P. F. Harrison, D. H. Perkins and W. G. Scott, Phys.Lett. B530, 167 (2002). R. G. Moorhouse, Phys. Rev. D77,053008 (2008)

Q: Is it possible for a sinatra app to use 2 databases? We have an API in Sinatra that serves both a staging environment and a production environment. The API should talk to the staging database if the request comes from a staging server. It should talk to the the production database if the request comes from a production server. All apps are deployed on Heroku. We can use env['HTTP_HOST'] to find out whether the request is coming from staging or production, and then set the db_url. However, the problem is the ActiveRecord init code that runs to connect to the db: db = URI.parse db_url ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection( :adapter => db.scheme == 'postgres' ? 'postgresql' : db.scheme, :host => db.host, :port => db.port, :username => db.user, :password => db.password, :database => db.path[1..-1], :encoding => 'utf8' ) Does it make sense to run this code before each request? That would probably be slow... Another solution is to run two instances of the API. But then we need to deploy the same code twice... Is there a better way to do this? A: Standard practice and common sense says that you should keep your production app separate from your staging app. I'm not sure what you have against deploying two different apps, but that's the only way to ensure problems in staging don't trip up your production app.

Profil Cuomo Star Angaben zum Lebenslauf It can result to people trusting your brand. At some point, it can result in the acquiring process. Nevertheless, the result is higher when your brand is engaged with media outreach. You develop the depend on via a third-party resource, which is more valuable. These days, consumers depend on third-party suggestions than the brands itself or the conventional marketing. A Nielsen research verified that it is one of the most useful of info for consumers who prepare to acquire. A launch that is not written appropriately is simply a waste of investment. Nevertheless, when succeeded, it can affect mainly your company. In this busy and modern-day world, launches can only endure if it will constantly evolve. Audiences favor a much more all set to absorb information and also an enticing content. Target markets aren't mosting likely to read conventional releases that have no images or a video clip. People like web content that they can share. Launches must be social media sites all set to make it shareable. To boost its advertising value, each launch needs to be written in a manner in which makes it easy for the target market to review and share. Just when they have the ability to engage that it serves an advertising and marketing worth. Or else, it is simply a piece of web content that serves for the journalists.

1 05:27:12.808464432 30:30:30:30:30:30 > 30:30:30:30:30:30, ethertype Unknown (0x3030), length 262144: 0x0000: 3030 3030 30 00000 2 05:27:12.808464432 30:30:30:30:30:30 > 30:30:30:30:30:30, ethertype Unknown (0x3030), length 262144: 0x0000: 3030 3030 30 00000 3 05:27:12.808464432 30:30:30:30:30:30 > 30:30:30:30:30:30, ethertype Unknown (0x3030), length 262144: 0x0000: 3030 3030 30 00000 4 05:27:12.808464432 30:30:30:30:30:30 > 30:30:30:30:30:30, ethertype Unknown (0x3030), length 262144: 0x0000: 3030 3030 30 00000 5 05:27:12.808464432 30:30:30:30:30:30 > 30:30:30:30:30:30, ethertype Unknown (0x3030), length 262144: 0x0000: 3030 3030 30 00000 6 05:27:12.808464432 30:30:30:30:30:30 > 30:30:30:30:30:30, ethertype Unknown (0x3030), length 262144: 0x0000: 3030 3030 30 00000 7 05:27:12.808464432 30:30:30:30:30:30 > 30:30:30:30:30:30, ethertype Unknown (0x3030), length 262144: 0x0000: 3030 3030 30 00000 8 05:27:12.808464432 30:30:30:30:30:30 > 30:30:30:30:30:30, ethertype Unknown (0x3030), length 262144: 0x0000: 3030 3030 30 00000 9 05:27:12.808464432 30:30:30:30:30:30 > 30:30:30:30:30:30, ethertype Unknown (0x3030), length 262144: 0x0000: 3030 3030 30 00000 10 05:27:12.808464432 30:30:30:30:30:30 > 30:30:30:30:30:30, ethertype Unknown (0x3030), length 262144: 0x0000: 3030 3030 30 00000 11 05:27:12.808464432 30:30:30:30:30:30 > 30:30:30:30:30:30, ethertype Unknown (0x3030), length 262144: 0x0000: 3030 3030 30 00000 12 05:27:12.808464432 30:30:30:30:30:30 > 30:30:30:30:30:30, ethertype Unknown (0x3030), length 262144: 0x0000: 3030 3030 30 00000 13 05:27:12.808464432 30:30:30:30:30:30 > 30:30:30:30:30:30, ethertype Unknown (0x3030), length 262144: 0x0000: 3030 3030 30 00000 14 05:27:12.808464432 [|stp]

We discussed Microsoft making IE8 a critical update a while back; but then the indication was that the update gave users a chance to choose whether or not to install it. Now I Don't Believe in Imaginary Property writes in with word that the update not only does not ask, but it makes IE the default browser

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I don't think that in 6 days, any one is going to bid on it. Not $50,000, at least. In these economic times, there's no one but no one who can afford to spend $50k on a luxury item which is, for all practical purposes, completely useless. I mean, for that amount of money, one can buy an entire house; a much smarter and more useful property. "Useful" and "useless" is completely immaterial, and you certainly wouldn't want to try to make it useful. You wouldn't want to put any electricity into it at all. This would be an investment in a museum piece, and if not a private collector, then a museum would certainly be the most likely party interested. I can see the Smithsonian investing $50,000 for this. It would be a draw to the museum and worth the money for that and it's investment worth. I'd go to the Smithsonian specifically to see it the next time I'm there. We watched one get snatched up with a Buy it Now a month or two ago for around $16,000, but it was not in this condition and did not have any original papers. This probably is as good an actual artifact as you're going to find, so you might as well start high. I think he's probably going to get it, although yeah, 6 days is a bit short, but $50,000 might even be low. A complete, excellent condition first consumer personal computer in history. Imagine what it'll be worth in 50 or 100 years if it's well preserved. It might even be up there with the Van Gogh's. I tell you the truth, I have to give it to the seller to start that high. Although with the provenance, the other items with it, and Steve Jobs signature on the sales slip it makes it almost impossible to impeach. I say again....Whew!! What's really cool is that this guy still has the original box. There are 2 or 3 pictures floating around with Woz and Jobs sitting at a coffee table with a stack of these white boxes. There is another image floating around from "the garage" showing what appears to be a large stack of these on a table. People spend $100M+ on a single piece of art work, some Russian guy spent $750M on a house in the French Riviera, I can see this going for $100K someday in the near future only it will be at some big name auction house and not ebay. Give it some time, and the stuff we play with will be worth some money (in choice condition and complete). Yes, why go to eBay at all? Sotheby's with a starting bid of $500,000. Place it where it belongs. The original catalyst of the present new age. The original device which has brought about the most major development in human evolution--both technological and biological--since the iron age. At $500,000, too, it would actually be way underpriced. It should be, at a bare minimum, up there with a Navajo blanket. As far as the box and other material goes, it is awesome. Keep in mind that there must have been an additional shipping carton, as well as other boxes for the transformers, that are now missing. I wonder what the condition of the motherboard really is, though. If I was going to buy one at what appears to be a record price, I would ask some questions. 1) Does it currently function? - I suspect not 2) What are the date codes on the chips? - this may give some kind of clue about how many have been replaced through the years. 3) Are the original transformers included? - they are not present in any photos. 4) Was there a keyboard? 5) How much hacking really went on to add that additional socket in the proto area - we'll see if the owner actually puts a picture of the back up on the auction site. In my opinion, any cut traces would drastically reduce value. If additional wires were just soldered on, that could be undone. Only seventeen hours to go and no bidders, but there are people asking him questions, so it might be fun to be there at the close. It looks likes there's going to be some bites. What I would do if I were him is see if the top hotel in Roseville, California would offer a discount on finest accommodations to the winner, with the stipulation that there would be a photo by the local press and Apple-related magazines of the handover in the lobby of the hotel. That is, of course, unless the buyer wants it all to be secret. Hmm, maybe he could talk Steve or someone from Apple into coming down and playing a part. How far is Roseville from Cupertino? There's one thing I find a little curious about this auction--not necessarily suspicious, but curious. The seller's eBay ID is "apple1sale." According to his ID history that's the only ID he has used since he opened his account back in August of 2007. You would think he chose that ID specifically because he was going to put up this auction. What's with the 2 year wait? Second thoughts? Or maybe he did put it up back then but got no bids? Actually, I have no suspicions about this seller. The fact that he's trying very hard to get the buyer to pick it up in person says this is all up and up. Just bring your payment in person too, buyer. Holy &h^#!! As of right now, he's got 19,200 page hits to his auction! Looks like the word has gone out. We should place bets on how much it's going to sell for. Something inside me is saying $83K. Something else is saying $124K. Here's what's going to happen: it's going to sell for $143K, the buyer's going to go pick it up, but instead of flying home with it, he or she is going to stop in New York to have it cataloged by Sotheby's and then it's going to sell at auction there in a year for $875K. You heard it here first! We should place bets on how much it's going to sell for. Something inside me is saying $83K. Something else is saying $124K. Here's what's going to happen: it's going to sell for $143K, the buyer's going to go pick it up, but instead of flying home with it, he or she is going to stop in New York to have it cataloged by Sotheby's and then it's going to sell at auction there in a year for $875K. You heard it here first! One of these things sold for a "Buy it Now" of $17,950 a month ago. Based on that alone someone I'd think you would of have to be a complete and utter idiot to spend $50k on this one. Allegedly one sold for that much in 1999, I guess, but on items like this it's almost impossible to really set a "fair market price". As everyone knows, from a practical standpoint it's completely worthless, and as a semi-rational person I find it difficult to stomach the idea that a 30 year old piece of fiberglass could fetch anything in the same ballpark as a decent Ming Vase. Of course, given enough hype a burnt piece of toast can sell for $28,000, so what do I know? Still, the fact that the last one traded for so much less then $50k, let alone eight-tenths-of-a-million-bucks, argues pretty heavily against Sotheby's setting an action reserve price much over the 20-30K ballpark. As much as I'd love finding an Apple I in the basement myself I think it's fair to say that such a find would be in the "Yay, free car!" category, not "Yay, free mansion!". I was just having fun. I was going to say he should give me a cut if it went over $100K. I did a lot of work here for him. But definitely, it's worth $50K, and sooner or later he's going to get at least that much if he keeps his nerve. We're not talking about just a computer here anymore. We're talking about an artifact. "Completely worthless" in the way you mean it is completely besides the point. A Ming vase is just some clay and glaze. A Van Gogh is just some canvas, various pigments, and hardened linseed oil. What makes value in the art and rare artifact world are various factors. First you start with rarity. There were 50 of these Apple I's made, correct? Out of that 50 how many survive? Out of those survivors how many have the original documents. Out of those with documents, how many have the original packaging? Out of those with documents, how many have the signature of the famous artist? So how many other examples of this artifact with these attributes remain in the world? Do you know of any other examples so complete? That's rarity. This one leaves those other examples way behind in the dust. Differences like these can make a difference in value in factors of 10x, 100x, 1000x when appraising an artifact. The price another fetched on the market may have little to do with the value of a more complete version, or a version which has certain other factors the other does not have. And comparing it to a Buy-it-now purchase is really absurd because you will never know how much it would have sold for in a true auction. That Buy-it-now option was, in my opinion, probably foolish, but how will you ever know? An appraiser is looking for what they sell at open auction as the best determinant. Another factor is emotional appeal. How much is the world attached to their personal computers? How many Apple faithful are there out there and how many are there amongst the world of collectors? How many people know the legend of the two Steves and their little garage beginnings? How many will know that legend in the future and attach significance to it? How much will the legend form in the heart of the culture? Significance is another factor. How significant is this artifact in history? How will that significance develop in the future? How significant will the artifact be appraised by the intellectuals? Another factor is fad. What's the current fad amongst collectors? Collectors are scooping up more than Van Gogh's and Ming vases, and increasingly so, they are snatching up items outside of the world of art. Technology is one of the hot items. Another factor is the prestige of owning an item. What prestige is there when, in fifty years, you pull out the first personal computer with a signature of the Steve when he was an unknown? Steve will forever be a legend in the history of American business, and his legend may increase with time and his passing. The things legends touch become valuable. What will it mean to a businessman in the future to own the beginnings of one of the most famous businessmen in history? Businesswomen too, of course. Prestige and emotional appeal being a couple of participants in an open auction. Yes, I'd say it's a little more than a 30 year old piece of fiberglass. One man's mansion is another man's outhouse, and three quarters of a million does not buy a mansion where I live. The house I'm sitting in right now is worth more than that, and let me assure you, it's no mansion. I'm having a problem keeping the little inflatable pool in the front yard inflated. Is a 30 year old piece of fiberglass worth more than this plot of land and frame of sticks? You and I are not the ones in the position to determine that. And I don't think the vintage systems sub-category in the Apple computers section of eBay is the greatest place to determine value on an object of significant rarity, either. Well, not this time around. 50 grand to you is comparatively 5 dollars to some others, and that 5 dollars when invested correctly can bring high yields. Because it sounds absurd to you, doesn't make it so. There are other worlds within this world. Sometimes it takes a little while for them to intersect. There are other "wild card" factors, too, which you might put in the obsessive or eccentric category. Someone needs to fill a gap in his collection or his soul identifies with a particular object. They will pay a premium. Intersecting with them could take quite awhile. I'd say there's high potential for that kind of sale here, too. Still, like I say, who I'd like to see buy it is the Smithsonian. I'd love to go see a display with a recreation of the garage with wax figures of Steve and Steve and that other guy standing around this thing. That would be a fun sight. Significance is another factor. How significant is this artifact in history? How will that significance develop in the future? How significant will the artifact be appraised by the intellectuals? To be bluntly honest, I think the "significance factor" is being overplayed here. In the grand scheme of things the Apple I *wasn't* a particularly significant computer. Yes, it was the first product churned out by the "Two Steves", but it was just one of many single-board hobby computers on the market at the time, and compared to some of its rivals it wasn't even a particularly good seller. As a technological relic it's a dud. (If you're looking for "first", look at the Altair. If you're looking at "First for the Masses", look at the Apple ][/Commodore PET/TRS-80 Model I trifecta for your museum.) The only thing that makes it special is the Apple name. Which is why frankly I think it compares well to the Virgin Mary Toast. It's a religious icon, not a technological milestone. If Apple had shriveled up and died like Commodore or Processor Tech it'd be worth a lot less the $50,000. ;^) Nope, if that were the case, it wouldn't be worth $50,000 (maybe). But that wasn't the case, and they weren't the machines that went on to significantly revolutionize the world. The revolution was not only in technology, it was in the culture in many of the most profound ways. Like Steve said, do you want to keep selling sugar water, or do you want to change the world--or whatever the line was. You keep looking at it with your computer engineer eyes. When I say intellectuals, I mean partly engineers, etc., but more importantly, anthropologists, sociologists, historians, and other such ilk. How important was Steve's determination and vision? Wallace came up with the theory of evolution too, and was an instigator for Darwin's ideas, but who knows who he was? What do you think is more valuable, Wallace's notes, or Darwin's notes from the Beagle? Wallace may have been the better scientist, but that doesn't make his artifacts more valuable. Darwin's reputation survived. That makes what remains of him more "valuable" than what survives of Wallace. The Virgin Mary Toast was a product of hysteria and hysterical, not much like the Apple I, but you could certainly argue a case of religious icon for the Apple I as well, but it would only be one factor--maybe an important factor to the buyer--amongst a lot of factors, the primary being the place in history of the development of the human race as a whole. I don't think anyone's going to think an Apple II is more valuable than an Apple I even though it was possibly more instrumental in the great change. They're both part of the Apple legend and the Apple I is more rare and closer to the Big Bang. But Eudi, I consider you an important intellectual and your opinion certainly has significance in the evaluation, but it probably doesn't have much in the sale. It's all a game, after all. Value is all a magic trick, much like the value of the dollar. In the world of fiat currency and Fractional Reserve Lending all is based on nothing except what you can convince others what nothing is worth. Smoke and mirrors--that's how value is actually determined in the modern world and what people finally buy into. The world of collection is the same. Yes, it's just a piece of fiberglass. Isn't that funny? The Liberty Bell is just a hunk of metal that sits there doing nothing, and it's not a great example of good manufacturing. It's got that big crack, after all. It is significant not so much because of it's technology, but because it was the first of a breed, the same way that a Ford Model A 1903 is significant. Rarity contributes to value also. Note that there were far fewer Apple 1's made than 1903 model A's. Those model A's go for hundreds of thousands of dollars these days. I expect that autos will always have more widespread appeal than computers, so I don't expect to see 5 figure Apple 1's anytime soon. I never thought that my little Sunday morning eBay report would spark such controversy. lol Personally, I think that the Apple I was the culmination of the "Dream" of the two Steves. The Apple II was the "Reality". You have to remember that Woz had been working the hardware design angle for years before they decided to finally build one. I'm just glad that folks are still interested in the dream and the reality after all these years. .... How important was Steve's determination and vision? Wallace came up with the theory of evolution too, and was an instigator for Darwin's ideas, but who knows who he was? What do you think is more valuable, Wallace's notes, or Darwin's notes from the Beagle? Wallace may have been the better scientist, but that doesn't make his artifacts more valuable. Darwin's reputation survived. That makes what remains of him more "valuable" than what survives of Wallace... Honestly, I think you're running off the rails here. Outside of the little circle of aging fanatics who really *love* Apple computers Steve Jobs just isn't that important. There's a powerful mythic story surrounding him inside that group but outside of it nobody cares. I'm willing to grant that, say, 100 years from now, when historians are writing the history books there's probably a fair chance that his name will come up... historians love finding "personalities" to work into their sepia-tinted fairy tales to give them life. But he's no Charles Darwin. If anything he's more of an Andrew Carnegie or John Pierpont Morgan. Not to say that "Captains of Industry" and railway tycoons and other such characters aren't "interesting", but there will have been a serious miscarriage of historical justice if a greedy, self-centered twit like Steve Jobs is the name parroted as "Father of the Computer Age" by our great, great grandchildren in history class. For crying out loud, I'd rather have it be Bill Gates. For all the damage he's done at least he's akin to Carnegie when it comes to making charitable donations to atone for his cutthroat capitalistic indiscretions. (Perhaps the fact that Steve Jobs is such a profoundly *unlikable* person might actually up his chances of making the history books, but can't help hoping that his true nature is accurately reflected in the accounts. Maybe he'll make it "all right" by donating all his billions of bucks to charity when his new liver wears out, but so far we're not seeing much "nice" from that guy.) And with that said, I'd also make the argument that (assuming our culture lasts that long) an Apple ][ or, even better, an original toaster-shaped Macintosh, would be a wiser museum purchase in 100 years than an Apple I, assuming the "museum" in question here is an educational institution and not someone obsessive personal collection. Either of those is a thing that would be recognized by a visiting child's great grandparents, grandparents, or possibly even parents (depending on how quickly and in what direction user interface technology eventually evolves) as a "computer". Primitive but recognizable in the same sense that a Curved Dash Oldsmobile is still a "Car" to modern eyes, albeit a strange and alien one with obvious ties to a previous technology. (aka, horse-drawn carriages.) A bare Apple I is just a circuit board, indistinguishable to untrained eyes from one ripped from a stereo or television set or any number of other things. It makes a *lousy* public display. No one can relate to that. (That well-known example of an Apple I housed in a wooden console complete with keyboard and crude woodburned/routed "APPLE COMPUTER" sign affixed to the top of it would be an *excellent* display, on the other hand. And for the record, that one is *already* in the Smithsonian. So no, they don't need to buy this guy's.) Anyway. My personal opinion certainly doesn't count for anything, and I'm sure some more Apple I's are going to change hands for ridiculous prices before I'm dead and gone. But I do think there's a lid on just how high they'll go. As noted on the web pages of the creator of the "Rev 0 Apple II replica" motherboard, the prices of good condition early Apple II's are already lapping the "multi-thousand dollar" waterlines. Will they ever sell for "as much" as an Apple I? I'll grant not, but they will trade hands much more often, and thus it will eventually be "predictable" about how much a given one is worth. (Similar to how it's roughly possible to predict how much a given Model T or 1956 Bel Air Chevy can fetch, based on rarity and condition.) Something as rare as an Apple I, and with such limited appeal is almost impossible to price accurately. To make another analogy to car collecting, a bare Apple I isn't a "whole car". It's not even like having a (1903) Model A Ford... it's almost like having the engine from one of Ford's early racing cars or one of the vehicles he built for the failed "Detroit Automobile Company" venture in 1899. Certainly rare, certainly interesting, but something that sort of depends on the viewer having a personal interest in Henry Ford's life and career, not a general interest in automobiles. Find the right guy it's a gold mine, but the total population of people lusting for this object is going to be small. I'm sure it's rough having something "worth" a zillion bucks that you can't find a buyer for. My heart breaks for him. In the end, is it worth $50,000? Sure, whatever. If you want it that bad, go nuts. (And chances are that, yes, someday some obsessive collector with more money than sense will want it that bad.) It's simply my personal opinion that the curator of public institution would have no business wasting that much money on it. Spend it on a fossil or Grecian mural or something else genuinely worthwhile instead. The Smithsonian has one already, one's enough. I don't understand the anger that you seem to have towards this guy. It belongs to him. He can do with it what he wants. You make it sound like it's yours and he is trying to sell your stuff for more than what you paid for it. But no! He's just a greedy little grubber who wants to make a quick $53,000 dollars off of it so he can spend the money on God knows what. I really don't think it's fair to insult the seller because he/she doesn't place the same emotional value to an Apple 1 as others may, and not everyone's in the same financial boat. Heck, if it came to "pay off the majority of my mortgage" or "have a historically interesting 30+ year old computer around the house", believe me, I'd soon have a much smaller mortgage. If I could only get $5K rather than $50K, I'd still sell it. __________________ "Give a man a fire, he's warm for a day. Set a man on fire and he's warm for the rest of his life." (Terry Pratchett) Heck, if it came to "pay off the majority of my mortgage" or "have a historically interesting 30+ year old computer around the house", believe me, I'd soon have a much smaller mortgage. If I could only get $5K rather than $50K, I'd still sell it. Dang, I wished I lived somewhere where $50,000 was the better part of a mortgage... ;^b Eudi, I wasn't trying to imply there were any similarities between Jobs and Darwin. I was only trying to point out that the history of invention is replete with examples of two independent characters coming up with the same "invention" contemporaneously, but only one of the two becomes famous in popular history as the inventor, and so it went with Apple Computer. Apple Computer gets the crown for inventing the personal computer even though that's not the accurate truth, and the main reason it gets that crown is because the Apple story is a good story. It's something that people can remember after they've been told it. Legend becomes myth. The story enters the cultural mythology up there with Graham Bell, Henry Ford, Elvis, and Marilyn. When the American masses conceive of the development of the computer, it'll pretty much go something like, huge military mainframes, punch cards flying through a conveyor system, the HAL 9000 singing "Daisy," the Apple Computer garage, and the internet. Something like that is the popular history of the American computer in people's minds. It's what the mind grasps and carries around. Apple is entrenched there in the mythology. You might say the two Steves, but the truth is, the amount of people who know who Woz is is probably 1% of those who know who Steve Jobs is, so whether he deserves it or not, Steve, and Bill, are the poster boys for the invention of the computer, since in popular conception, the computer means the personal computer. If Andy Warhol was still alive he might be making large prints of multi-colored portraits of Steve and Bill. It's very interesting to hear you dissing Steve so vehemently. I've heard he's difficult, but this is the first time I've heard he's despicable. Columbus and Captain Cook come to mind. Evidently, despite their popular depiction, both of them were actually real creeps. Captains of ships, captains of industry--they've both got total command, so some form a tyranny is available. Somebody fairly recently--Time magazine?--called Jobs the most important leader in American business. I'll keep your depiction under consideration until I stumble on other first-hand experiences. I don't know what he does with his money. You'd have to have the details to try to pass judgment on that, and frankly, I wouldn't myself, bother spending any time trying to pass judgment on Steve Jobs. I really don't care so much, and that kind of judgment is so often based on hearsay. Fire an employee because he was unproductive or not part of the plan, and you immediately have a tyrant at the helm. The wood frame for the Apple I. Where did that come from? Are those all custom made by the buyer? I think the documents this guy's got is probably the most fascinating part of his collection. That letter from Steve typed out on lined binder paper is pretty funny. It just plays right into the mythology. A garage business on the brink of huge success. A character playing the part of a businessman but not yet capable of realizing the need for the proper trappings, or also, someone so determined for success, he doesn't stop to attend to niceties like the correct stationary, but just keeps moving along despite what others may think. This is the kind of stuff that makes a good story and an entertaining sight. The other fact that all there is in hardware is that circuit board plays well, too. People will say, is that all it was? But then you look at the documents and the shipping box and you realize, it's not just the board, the packaging is as important as the board, because that's what the personal computer is, it's a packaging concept. And also, even though it's all packaged, it's not complete in our preconception of complete. There isn't a housing for the board. That's fascinating too. The package requires the buyer to complete the setup--another aspect of the message, "don't worry about EVERYTHING--just get it out there!" You see in that garage, clear as day, the popular conception of the American formula for success. That's why Apple is firmly entrenched in the mythology. It's an easily understandable example with rich characters. I'd rather see that than simply the board in a custom made frame in a glass museum box. The fact that this guy's got the whole picture in his collection is what makes it so valuable, because the board alone says very little except, this is all there was, unless of course, you're a computer engineer and know what you're looking at, and 99.999% of the people out there, aren't. I also really love seeing on the actual receipt the $666.66 price. That'll get the Apocalypse fanatics gasping. That was intentional by Jobs, so yeah, maybe he is the devil, or couldn't help himself from pricking people with the idea. When the American masses conceive of the development of the computer, it'll pretty much go something like, huge military mainframes, punch cards flying through a conveyor system, the HAL 9000 singing "Daisy," the Apple Computer garage, and the internet. Something like that is the popular history of the American computer in people's minds. You're making an incredibly broad assumption regarding what pieces of the story will end up winning the popular imagination. All I'll say is even now if you pick up a book the early era goes: 1971 Federico Faggin and Ted Hoff "invent" the microprocessor 1975 Altair makes the cover of Popular Electronics. Some kid destined to own the universe named Bill Gates writes BASIC for it. The "Homebrew Computer Club" is founded in Silicon Valley, including a couple guys named Steve who were later involved in launching one of... 1977 "The Trifecta", the "first *real* personal computers". 1981 IBM introduces the "PC", asks that Bill Gates kid for an OS, thus spawning the biggest software monopoly in history 1984 Apple and Steve Jobs introduces the first "affordable" example of a GUI operating system, which employed ideas stolen from the Xerox Parc research center. 1985 Microsoft introduces Windows based on stolen goods stolen from Apple, thus marking the beginning of the end of history. There are a whole slew of colorful names that turn up in that 1971-1985 timeslot, such as Gary Kildall, Paul Allen, Dan Bricklin... Steve Jobs isn't actually that important until you get to 1984, and my guess is *that* is what he'll be remembered for. In any case, in a hundred years I doubt he'll exactly be a household name. How many people remember names like Lee De Forest, Edwin Armstrong, or David Sarnoff? Or how about Paul Gottlieb Nipkow, John Logie Baird, or Philo Farnsworth? (For that matter, exactly how much would an original 1927 Farnsworth "Image Dissector" tube be worth on eBay? A thousand bucks? A million? Absolutely nothing or absolutely priceless? The answer of course is "If you think it's priceless eBay would be a stupid place to sell it." And of course, whatever you might think it's worth now, what do you think it was worth in 1957? That's how removed we are from the Apple I. It's *way* too early to be judging its place in history.) Anyway, I'm not going to argue the point anymore. If you think it's such a fabulous buy then why not take out a second mortgage and buy it yourself? Quote: It's very interesting to hear you dissing Steve so vehemently. I've heard he's difficult, but this is the first time I've heard he's despicable. It's only a three day auction, so he probably has very good reason to believe someone overseas might have been ready to bid. More power to him. Eudi, I said I think it's worth $50,000. I didn't say it was necessarily a good deal. It might be a good deal. A good deal would be less than it's worth, and enough less than it's worth that the profit from eventually reselling it would justify the purchase and all the cost and hassle that purchasing and preserving would entail. There are people who do this regularly and are able to weigh all those factors. There are collectors who specialize in technology and know what they're doing and what they're buying and the financial risks involved. If you want to sit at the table, you should know how to play poker. And yeah, it's way out of my price range. I'd have a really hard time buying a collectable Apple II. And you were talking about people in the history books. I'm talking about the people we carry around in our heads, and more importantly, the people the general public carries around in their head. Someone has to get credit for inventing the computer--Bill Gates isn't really associated with any computer, but I wouldn't doubt that a lot of people think he was in that garage too. Collecting is definitely a gamble. Jobs may be remembered more for inventing the iPhone. It's a calculated guess. Now I'm kind of curious what the sellers motivation is. Since he seems to have been planning this for some time, why would he choose now to sell it? Maybe he needs $50000 and this is the only thing he has of value? And now he follows up the unbid auction with a 3 day listing? The only rationale I can think of is he is trying to tempt foreign bidders due to the low dollar valuation. Still it comes to 33000 Euros or 30000 GBPs, and that's shooting quite high in my opinion. It's kind of fun to speculate, but I suppose we'll never really know. And I noticed it doesn't have the power supply. Maybe I should offer the power switch and transformers from my Obtronix for $10000. "Please accept my apology to those outside the United States, who were accidentally excluded from bidding when this item was first listed." This is obviously the reason for the three day auction. Maybe he needs the money for the hospital bill for his suffering child. Maybe to keep the banks from foreclosing on his house. Maybe because he's found the most beautiful hooker of all time. Maybe he's been putting it up on eBay for the past two years and for some reason no one here has noticed it before. Yes, it's NOT necessarily greed when you put a high price ON SOMETHING NO ONE HAS TO BUY. If it sells, that's the new going price. If you can't handle it, and realize you're out of the game, then here's some advice:http://new.wavlist.com/movies/028/lkg-pain.wav If a little girl comes up to your popsickle stand and wants to buy a popsickle and you charge her $5, that's greed. If someone prices his very rare, one of a kind, historically significant computer at $50,000, that's intelligence. Your anger is misplaced. There's plenty of genuine "greedy little grubbers" in the world that your anger would be appropriately directed at. For example, you might consider those who gamble hundreds of billions on derivatives, and when their bets all go bust, they extort the government to sign off their losses onto YOU the taxpayer, and your children, and your grandchildren. These people might deserve your contempt in relation to the topic of greed. Then there are others (or maybe not others) who might, um...control a Congressman from North Carolina and get him to enter into committee a bill that would have, if it had passed, undermined the Paul/Grayson bill to audit the Federal Reserve. These too, might be people to get really really angry at for the greed in the world, but of course, these are just examples, and I in no way intend to enter politics into the discussion, but yeah, get really really angry at the greedy, but realize who you should actually be really really angry at. And you were talking about people in the history books. I'm talking about the people we carry around in our heads, and more importantly, the people the general public carries around in their head. Someone has to get credit for inventing the computer... There probably is someone out there with $50,000 who has the wrong idea in his head that Steve Jobs invented in the computer, sure. That doesn't mean he's right. ;^) Anyway. I still think you're too close to the Steve Jobs story to judge it accurately, but again, that's just my opinion. It would be interesting to conduct a random poll asking shmoes on the street "Who is Bill Gates?" and "Who is Steve Jobs?". My gut tells me Bill Gates is going to win the name recognition award. If nothing else consider the fact that, to be blunt, Steve Jobs is on borrowed time. He's living on someone else's liver *and* he's a cancer survivor. If it was *just* the liver transplant statistics say he has roughly a 75% chance of living long enough to see Apple Computer's 40th anniversary. Liver transplant patents *have* survived 25 years, but frankly the odds suggest there's just not that much time left for him to secure his legacy, whatever it is. Unless his will has a great "just one more thing" paragraph in it there's a distinct chance that no one is going to miss that man when he's gone. (Other then the board of directors at Apple, Inc., of course. I do worry what will happen to Pixar without him, but that's another story.) On the other hand, unless there's something wrong with him we don't know about there's a really good chance that Bill Gates is going to be kicking around for another third of a century. Furthermore, the Bill and Melinda Gates foundation will probably be around long after that. (Andrew Carnegie has been dead for ninety years and yet his name still turns up as a sponsor for *all sorts of things*.) Bill Gates' obituary is going to name him as "one of the" fathers of the personal computer, and he's going to be listed that way on the books of his foundation for perpetuity. There's going to be a *strong lobby* for Bill Gates' case that's likely to last well beyond our lifetimes. And if someone has to be erroneously named "Father of the PC", history points to Bill Gates having a *much* better claim anyway. Two out of three of the 1977 PC introductions came with a variant of Microsoft Basic (three out of three if you count Applesoft), meaning that Mr. Gates' software was the first thing most people who bought a computer ever saw. Gates porting BASIC to the Altair set *the standard* for what an early personal computer was. The Apple I was an evolutionary copy of that template, a stepping stone that *many feet* were hitting at the same time on the path toward real PCs for the masses. And Steve Jobs didn't even build it, he promoted it. Sorry, he loses. Anyway. All that said, best of luck to the seller. The only thing I might suggest (coldly and brutally) is unless you simply *must* sell it maybe you should sit on it for a few years and, uhm... wait for the "Michael Jackson" moment to put it up for auction. That's the window in history where someone might give you a million bucks for it. ;^b (Other then the board of directors at Apple, Inc., of course. I do worry what will happen to Pixar without him, but that's another story.) Pixar will likely be fine. Apple, on the other hand, will crash and burn. Not because it would have lost Jobs' supposed "technological vision" (which is a crock; he's a salesman who simply says "yes" and "no" to ideas that his employees present him), but because Apple shareholders would dump their investments as quickly as they could. Apple shareholders aren't computer experts; they're fat cats (and a few Joe Schmoes too) whose only expertise is how to make money; the only knowledge of Apple they have is what they get from CNN. They hold onto the false belief (as do many ignorant Apple fanboys) that Jobs is the lifeblood of Apple, and without him, Apple will stop innovating. Assuming that article is legit, I hope he did find his sucker for real. A guy in Sacramento selling off everything he has of value... he's probably desperately trying to stave off the inevitable foreclosure of his stupidly over-mortgaged dream McMansion. (Heck, it was probably the HELOC-ed bubble "equity" from said McMansion that bought him the Apple 1 in the first place, back when America suffered from this mass delusion that 1/8th of an acre of grass-covered landfill and a pile of sticks would appreciate 20% a year simply because it existed.) The real question is what profile fits the buyer: "obsessive computer collector", "insane Apple/Steve Jobs zealot", or "Shrewed/Stupid Investor". It had better darn well not have been a museum curator, at least not the curator of a museum funded by public money. :^b From the product description: "It's hard to believe that one man revolutionized computers in the 1970s and '80s (with the Apple II and the Mac), animated movies in the 1990s (with Pixar), and digital music in the 2000s (with the iPod and iTunes). No wonder some people worship Steve Jobs like a god." It makes the mind boggle to think that there are actually folks who think that Jobs came up with the ideas and schematics for the Apple I,the Apple II, and the Mac. He was a salesman for cripes sake. Woz did all the thinking when it came to the actual building of the I and II, and several other folks for the Mac, but Jobs gets all the credit. It's kinda like the vikings getting to the new world first and Columbus getting all the glory and a national holiday. Ooops. I shouldn't say that. Someone will want to have a Steve Jobs Day and make it a national holiday. lol The real question is what profile fits the buyer: "obsessive computer collector", "insane Apple/Steve Jobs zealot", or "Shrewed/Stupid Investor". It had better darn well not have been a museum curator, at least not the curator of a museum funded by public money. :^b I calculate a final value fee of $771. That would be a pretty expensive shill. They could mutually cancel the transaction to avoid the final value fee, but that would put them back at square one, so I don't see any purpose in a shill. Actually, I guess it could have been a shill, if he knew someone were very seriously interested and he wanted to stimulate that person with the idea of not letting it get away. If he did that, that was a big mistake, because now, if he does put it back up for auction after canceling it, then everyone is going to suspect it was a shill, and then everyone is indeed going to be screaming fowl. But as of right now, I'm a little mystified at all the strong urges here to crucify this guy. Where's it all coming from? There's some aspect of a high tide raises all boats, after all. If the Apple I's start selling high, then that might raise the value of all your Apple II's, so you might want to be cheering this guy on. But as of right now, I'm a little mystified at all the strong urges here to crucify this guy. Where's it all coming from? I'm not seeing that at all. In fact, most of the sentiment I'm getting from this thread is that the buyer of a $50k Apple I is an idiot, not the seller. Plenty of people sell crap for much too high of a price (e.g. Bose, Sharper Image, and some even argue Apple) but how is it the seller's fault for wanting to make as much money as they can? Caveat emptor, after all. Remember the immortal words of P.T. Barnum -- this guy can relist the auction as many times as he wants, but ultimately the sucker will be the person who falls for it. I fail to see how the saga of this particular computer is so captivating. This page, the entire Applefritter site, and all subsites of are copyright 1999-2999 by Tom Owad unless otherwise noted. All rights reserved. Apple, the Apple logo, Macintosh, Mac, MacOS, MacBook, iMac, and Mac Pro are trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc. LEGO®is a trademark of the LEGO Group of companies which does not sponsor, authorize or endorse this site (the feeling's mutual).

Micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) are systems which are developed using thin film technology and which include both electrical and micro mechanical components. MEMS devices are used in a variety of applications such as optical display systems, pressure sensors, flow sensors, and charge control actuators. MEMS devices use electrostatic force or energy to move or monitor the movement of micro-mechanical components. In one type of MEMS device, to achieve a desired result, a gap distance between electrodes is controlled by balancing an electrostatic force and a mechanical restoring force. Typically, digital MEMS devices use two discrete gap distances while analog MEMS devices use variable gap distances. Such MEMS devices have been developed using a variety of approaches. In one approach, a deformable deflective membrane is positioned over an electrode and is electrostatically attracted to the electrode. Other approaches use flaps or beams of silicon or aluminum, which form a top conducting layer. With optical applications, the conducting layer is reflective while the deflective membrane is deformed using electrostatic force to direct light, which is incident upon the conducting layer. One approach for controlling the gap distance between electrodes is to apply a continuous control voltage to the electrodes, wherein the control voltage is increased to decrease the gap distance, and vice-versa. However, this approach suffers from electrostatic instability that greatly reduces a useable operating range over which the gap distance can be effectively controlled. In addition, the speed with which the gap distance may be changed depends primarily on the physical characteristics of the MEMS device. When the voltage is changed, the gap distance between the electrodes lags the change of voltage as the MEMS device settles to its final position.

Q: Javascript/jQuery : Creating a 'Powered By' slideout for footer logo on websites I found a jsfiddle that did something similar to what I wanted to do. The modified version is located here: http://jsfiddle.net/7m7uK/479/ and it works on the jsfiddle. I copied the code to my site, changed the id's and now, it doesn't appear to be working. Below is the code located on my website. I am using jQuery 1.9.1 and jQuery UI 1.10.3 on my site. Any suggestions as to why this isn't working? Javascript <script type="text/javascript"> $( document ).ready(function() { $('#footer_logo').hover(function(){ if ($('#powered_by').is(':hidden')) { $('#powered_by').show('slide',{direction:'right'},1000); } else { $('#powered_by').hide('slide',{direction:'right'},1000); } }); }); </script> HTML <img src="img.png" width="63" height="25" id="footer_logo"/> <div id="powered_by" width="100px"/>Powered By: </div> CSS #footer_logo { color: #000; cursor:pointer; display:block; position: absolute; bottom: 0; right: 0; z-index: 100; } #powered_by { width: 200px; height: 20px; display: none; position: absolute; right: 0; bottom: 0; background: #ff0000; z-index: 99; } A: I tried your code on jsfiddle and its working well. If the issue still persist check this SO post: JQuery UI show/slide not working correctly, maybe their solution can help. You want to show #powered_by when you hover-in, then hide it when the you hover-out, right? I looked into your code and it's not how you properly want it to behave. For example if you hover-in, the element slides, but when you hover-out then hover-in again without letting it finish hiding, the hovering execution will be reversed. It will be more efficient if you do it this way: $(document).ready(function() { $('#footer_logo').hover(function(){ //hover-in $('#powered_by').show('slide',{direction:'right'},1000); },function(){ //hover-out $('#powered_by').hide('slide',{direction:'right'},1000); }); }); See this jsfiddle. Or with pure jQuery: jsfiddle

ITA Award for Best Director - Drama ITA Award for Best Director - Drama is an award given by Indian Television Academy as a part of its annual event. Winners References Category:Indian film awards Category:Awards established in 2001

2009 SK Brann season The 2009 season was SK Brann's 101st season and their 23rd consecutive season in the Norwegian Premier League. Steinar Nilsen took over as head coach after the six-year tenure of Mons Ivar Mjelde. The club didn't see the big signings or sales in the January transferwindow. Local-lad Erlend Hanstveit left the club after 10 years, while thought-to-be star striker Njogu Demba-Nyrén was sold only one year after signing with the club following a season where his performance was below expectations. The season started horrific for the "pride of Bergen". In the first premiership match of the season, Brann lost 1-3 against newly promoted Sandefjord, followed by two ties, a loss and another tie. Brann didn't win a game until the sixth round where they beat Bodø/Glimt 2-0 away. The club's form improved as the season went by, but they were never a serious contender to the league title. After being knocked out in the Quarterfinals of the Norwegian Football Cup by Odd Grenland), the season seemed to end up as a total disappointment for the fans. One of the few highlights of the season was the performances of Erik Huseklepp who had his definite breakthrough as a player. In his first season as a striker, Huseklepp scored 15 goals in the league, only two goals shy of the top scorer Rade Prica. The technical striker had previously played as a right winger, scoring 4 goals in 4 seasons for Brann. He also became a regular in the national team squad, scoring his first goal for Norway in the World Cup qualifier against Scotland on August 2, 2009. Before the last games of season, Brann found themselves in a situation where they had a legitimate chance to snatch the bronze medals, but in the end they had to settle for a fifth place, which didn't qualify for a spot in the Europa League. Information Manager: Steinar Nilsen League: Norwegian Premier League Shirt supplier: Kappa Shirt sponsor: Sparebanken Vest Average league attendance: 15,932 (4th best in club history at the time) League result : 5th Norwegian Cup: Quarterfinals (1-5 against Odd Grenland) Top goal scorer: Erik Huseklepp (15 in league, 0 in cup, 15 in total) Player of the year: - Team kit The team kits for the 2009 season were produced by Kappa and the main shirt sponsor was Sparebanken Vest. Other sponsors featured on the kit were BKK (shoulders), JM Byggholt (chest), BA (left arm), Chess (upper back), Frydenbø (shorts) and Tide (socks). Squad (on loan from Esbjerg fB) Out on loan Transfers Results The table below shows the results of all of SK Brann's official matches during the 2009-season. Highlights January 6: Two players left Brann. Nicolai Misje did not get his contract renewed, while Michael Thwaite was sold to the newly started Australian club Gold Coast United . January 10: Erlend Hanstveit chose to not take Brann up on their last contract offer. He reasoned his decision with his wish to play abroad. The wingback had played for the club since 1998. January 26: Njogu Demba-Nyrén returned to Denmark after signing a 3.5 year contract with OB. In addition to a money fee worth between NOK 6 and 7 million, Brann also got the Danish striker David Nielsen. February 26: Brann signed the young striker Cato Hansen from Bryne FK. February 27: Rodolph Austins transfer to Brann was made permanent. The Jamaican midfielder signed a four-year deal with Brann. March 11: Yaw Amankwah was loaned out to Alta IF. March 12: Kristian Flittie Onstad was brought to Brann on a loan deal from Esbjerg fB. March 16: Brann opened their Premiership-season with a poor performance against the newly promoted Sandefjord Fotball. Brann lost 1-3 in Sandefjord in a match that featured the official debuts of Bjørnar Holmvik, Cato Hansen, David Nielsen and Kristian Flittie Onstad. March 22: Brann took their first point of the season after playing 1-1 against the reignig champions Stabæk Fotball. The match was characterized by terrible playing conditions, as the new gras at Brann Stadion hadn't had time to grow properly into the soil. April 27: Brann took their first three-pointer of the season after a 2-0 win against Bodø/Glimt away in the sixth round of the 2009 Norwegian Premier League. David Nielsen scored both of Brann's goals, his first in the red jersey. May 13: Brann advanced to the second round of the Norwegian Cup after a 6-0 win over IL Høyang. May 24: Brann advanced to the third round of the Norwegian Cup after a 2-0 win over Lyngbø SK. June 17: Brann advanced to the fourth round of the Norwegian Cup after a 4-2 win over Nest-Sotra. July 9: Brann advanced to the quarterfinals of the Norwegian Cup after a 1-0 win over FC Lyn Oslo. August 5: Brann signed the Uruguayan striker Diego Guastavino from FC Lyn Oslo. August 7: Cato Hansen was loaned out to fellow Bergen-based club Løv-Ham for the remainder of the season. August 8: Brann was knocked-out of the Norwegian Cup after a 5-1 loss against Odd Grenland in the quarterfinals. The match at Skagerak Arena was not without controversy. After 29 minutes, Håkon Opdal and Hassan El Fakiri got injured in a duel after a cornerkick. Opdal injured his knee, but was able to continue, while El Fakiri had to leave the pitch temporary to treat a cut in the head. Three minutes later, Opdal got an easy pass that he intended to play up the pitch. Just when he was about to kick the ball, Opdal's knee gave up on him, causing him to fall to the ground and losing control over the ball. Odd-striker Péter Kovács took advantage of the situation and put the ball in the net with ease. His actions was seen as an act of unsportsmanship and a breach of Fair Play by the Brann-players. Brann also had Eirik Bakke sent off, while Ólafur Örn Bjarnason missed a penalty kick. August 12: Bjørn Dahl signed a contract with Hønefoss BK on a free transfer. August 26: Ármann Björnsson signed with League One-club Hartlepool United on a free transfer. September 1: Azar Karadas signed with Turkish-club Kasımpaşa S.K.. The deal was worth around NOK 2.000.000. Oktober 19: On a press conference on Brann Stadion, Brann's director of football Bjørn Dahl announced a NOK 20m deficit, due to lack of revenue as a direct consequence of the credit crunch. November 1: Brann finished their season with a 1-1 draw at home against league champions Rosenborg BK. November 21: Johan Thorbjørnsen signed for Løv-Ham. Statistics Appearances and goals The table shows matches and goals in the Norwegian Premier League and Norwegian Cup, and was last updated after the game against Rosenborg BK on November 1, 2009 |} Top scorers Includes all competitive matches. The list is sorted by shirt number when total goals are equal.Last updated on 3 November'' Disciplinary record Includes all competitive matches. Overall References Category:SK Brann seasons Brann

Will cytokines alter the treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome? Myelodysplastic syndrome is a frustrating disorder, which until recently lacked effective treatment. Patients usually succumb to infection, bleeding complications, or progression to acute leukemia. Recombinant cytokines such as granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor, granulocyte-colony stimulating factor, interleukin-3, and erythropoietin have been used to ameliorate the cytopenias associated with this disease. Small clinical trials in myelodysplastic syndrome patients, using cytokines with myeloid activity (G-CSF, GMCSF, IL-3), have shown consistent elevations in the white blood cell counts with little success in elevating hemoglobin or platelets. Erythropoietin is able to increase the hemoglobin in a small group of myelodysplastic syndrome patients. Future trials using combinations of these cytokines may lead to multilineage effects.

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Q: the degree of a map from $S^2$ to $S^2$ Is the degree of $\pi\circ p$ $0$? $\pi\circ p:S^{2}\xrightarrow{p}\mathbb{R}P^2=S^{1}\bigcup_{2}e^{2}\xrightarrow{\pi}S^{1}\bigcup_{2}e^{2}/S^{1}=S^2$,Where $e^2$ is a unit disk.If it is true,can anyone give me a brief proof ,thanks! A: If $\pi\circ p$ were non-trivial, say of degree say $d\neq 0$, then it would induce multiplication by $d$ on $H_2S^2$. But since $H_2\mathbb{R}P^2=0$ we have $(\pi\circ p)_*=\pi_*\circ p_*:H_2S^2\rightarrow H_2\mathbb{R}P^2=0\rightarrow H_2S^2$ factoring through the trivial group. Therefore $(\pi\circ p)_*$ is multiplication by $0$, so we must have $d=0$ and $\pi\circ p\simeq \ast$.

Assuming that this relates to a request from one of the online trading sites (Buy Side Direct, Trading Edge or LIMITrader), Sara is correct that we intend to use Morgan Stanley as our prime broker to clear our trades through the site's clearing broker. Mike x39990 ---------------------- Forwarded by Mike Fowler/Corp/Enron on 10/05/2000 10:15 AM --------------------------- From: Sara Shackleton@ECT on 10/05/2000 10:13 AM To: Samantha Boyd/NA/Enron@ENRON cc: Mike Fowler/Corp/Enron@ENRON, Paul Radous/Corp/Enron@ENRON Subject: Re: I'd stick with Anthony. I didn't think that Prudential was one of our clearing brokers (remember, the letter must come from our clearing broker). Please keep Mike Fowler and Paul Radous informed. Thanks. Sara Samantha Boyd@ENRON 10/05/2000 09:32 AM To: Sara Shackleton/HOU/ECT@ECT cc: Subject: Re: Sara, I have Kevin Enright at Prudential Securities, Incorporated and Anthony Capolongo at Morgan Stanley researching the "Prime Broker Letter". Samantha M. Boyd Sr. Legal Specialist Enron North America, Corp. 1400 Smith, EB3802A Houston, TX 77002 Phone: (713) 853-9188 Fax: (713) 646-3490 email: samantha.boyd@enron.com Sara Shackleton@ECT 10/03/2000 06:53 PM To: Samantha Boyd/NA/Enron@Enron, Stephanie Panus/NA/Enron@Enron cc: Subject: Paul Radous has requested that we seek a "Prime Broker letter" to send to the CP. Click on this link to view the document in the Financial Trading Agreements database-->

Synthesis and structural characterization of cationic 5-hydroxy-1,3-diketonate stabilized dinuclear complexes and tetranuclear lanthanoid clusters. 5-Hydroxy-1,3-diketonate ligands have been found to stabilize dimeric complexes and tetrameric lanthanoid clusters dependent on the degree of steric bulk provided by the presence or absence of a methoxy group. Treatment of (R/S,Z)-1'-hydroxy-3-(hydroxy(phenyl)methylene)bi(cyclopentan)-2-one (Hhpb) and the p-methoxyphenyl derivative (Hhmb) with [LnCl(2)(H(2)O)(6)]Cl yields clusters of composition [Ln(4)(Cl)(2)(O)(hpb)(6)]Cl(2) (Ln = Nd (1), Ho (2), Tb (3), and Er (4)) and [Ln(2)(hmb)(5)]Cl (Ln = La (5), Nd (6), Tb (7), Dy (8), and Er (9)). Single crystal X-ray analysis of the tetranuclear cluster has revealed the lanthanoid core to be in a tetrahedral arrangement around a central mu(4)-oxygen, bridged by symmetrical chlorides and shrouded in six bridging hpb ligands. The dimeric complexes are stabilized by three bridging and two terminal hmb ligands. In each instance, double or single cationic charges respectively are balanced by chloride anions.

Segmental Bioimpedance Informs Diagnosis of Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema. Detection of lymphedema, particularly its mild stage, is clinically challenging. The aim of this study was to determine whether segmental bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) provided additional information to whole arm BIS in assessing women with or at risk of lymphedema following breast cancer. Participants (n = 66), aged 61.6 ± 10.5 years (mean ± standard deviation [SD]), were grouped according to lymphedema status: (1) at-risk (n = 24) had no indicators of lymphedema and (2) lymphedema (n = 42) were suspected to be developing lymphedema or had previously met lymphedema diagnostic criteria and undergone treatment. For each upper limb, impedance was measured for the whole arm, hand and four 10 cm segments of the arm, commencing at the ulnar styloid. Interlimb impedance ratios for corresponding locations were calculated and compared to previously determined, normatively based thresholds based on 2SD and 3SD above the mean. Segmental BIS classified 19% more women with lymphedema than 3SD whole arm thresholds and the same number as 2SD whole arm thresholds. Segmental BIS identified localized lymphedema and patterns in lymphedema distribution that were undetectable by whole arm BIS. Neither 3SD whole arm nor segmental BIS thresholds found lymphedema where it was not present; however, 2SD whole arm thresholds alone classified one woman in the at-risk group as having lymphedema. Segmental BIS classified as many or more cases of lymphedema than whole arm BIS thresholds without finding lymphedema where it was likely not present while also providing additional information regarding the distribution of lymphedema within the limb.

Scanning laser ophthalmoscope fundus cyclometry in near-natural viewing conditions. For a better understanding of motor and sensory adaptations in cyclodeviations, subjective and objective ocular torsion have to be measured under the same conditions. The search coil technique and videooculography allow natural viewing but only assess relative cycloduction, the dynamics of torsion over a short period of time. Cycloposition, on the other hand, can be measured by analysing the position of the foveola relative to the optic disc with fundus photographs but only in nonphysiological viewing. The aim of the study was to develop a technique that allows natural viewing conditions during fundus cyclometry. The scanning laser beam of the SLO was deflected by 90 degrees with a semitransparent mirror in front of the patient's eyes. The patient was able to look through the semitransparent mirror with both eyes into the room, e.g. at Harms' tangent screen. The infrared SLO images the central retina via the mirror through the undilated pupil. Digital image analysis quantifies the cycloposition of the eye. Controlled head movements while fixating the centre of Harms' tangent screen allow measurements in reproducible gaze positions. The semitransparent mirror reduces SLO image brightness, but image quality is sufficient for cyclometry after contrast enhancement. The laser light can be vaguely perceived by the patient but does not interfere with natural viewing. Reproducibility of the measurement is within +/- 1 degree SD. Our modification of SLO fundus cyclometry allows direct measurements of cycloposition in natural viewing conditions. This opens a new field for investigations of cyclodeviations and their sensory and motor adaptations.

Your best source for ideas and inspiration in Topeka, Kansas When you’re planning where to dine, what to see and where to play in Topeka, Kansas, count on us. The official blog of Visit Topeka brings you what’s new, what’s coming and Topeka’s hidden gems so you can experience the best of #TopCity. John Ritchie: A Fighter for a Free Kansas EDITOR'S NOTE: IN RECOGNITION OF BOTH MARTIN LUTHER KING, JR. DAY AND KANSAS DAY, WE WANT TO REMIND YOU OF THE ROLE TOPEKA HAS PLAYED IN THE STRUGGLE FOR EQUALITY. THIS IS THE THIRD OF A THREE-PART SERIES MEANT TO EXPLORE THAT HISTORY. CIVIL RIGHTS ERA HISTORIC SITES AND BLEEDING KANSAS ERA SITES ALSO HAVE BEEN FEATURED. The U.S. Congress passed the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 to allow territories to decide for themselves, through popular vote, whether to become a free state or a slave state when they entered the Union. Tension around the Kansas and Missouri border between anti-slavery and pro-slavery forces escalated into a war over how Kansas would enter the Union. This tumultuous time was known as Bleeding Kansas and during this time Topeka began to cement its place in history. One Topekan who rose to prominence for his role was John Ritchie, a free state crusader who risked imprisonment and his life fighting against the expansion of slavery. John Ritchie was born July 17, 1817 in Uniontown, Ohio but grew up in Franklin, Indiana where his father worked as a physician. Ritchie first came to Kansas in 1854 to survey cheap land to buy and eventually decided that he would settle near the Kansas River in the newly founded town of Topeka. After traveling back to Indiana for his wife and two children, Ritchie made his way back to Topeka in 1855 and purchased 160 acres in what is now the southeast part of the city. This 160 acres of land would eventually be known as “Ritchie’s Addition.” At this time Topeka already was an established anti-slavery town and Ritchie intended on keeping it that way. In 1856, just a year after moving permanently to Topeka, Ritchie built some of the first stone buildings and houses in the city. His two-story limestone house, which still stands today, was a major “station” on the Underground Railroad, which helped slaves make it to the North, to freedom. As more and more slaves escaped to freedom, John Ritchie and his wife, Mary Jane, became targets of pro-slavery forces. Ritchie also rode with a free-state militia, which captured goods from pro-slavery forces and used them to help free-state supports and runaway slaves. As the tension in the area escalated, it caught the eye of the Governor of Kansas Territory, who sent forces to arrest free-state supporters. In late 1856, Ritchie was arrested and imprisoned in Lecompton, Kansas, which at the time was the territorial capitol and a pro-slavery town. Two months after his imprisonment, Ritchie escaped the Lecompton jail and fled to Indiana. He stayed in Indiana for nearly a year, until he was pardoned and returned to Topeka to join the fight once again. In the years leading up to the Civil War, Ritchie remained active as a free-state supporter and continued operating as a conductor of the Underground Railroad. He assisted the radical abolitionist John Brown in helping 11 slaves escape federal troops on their way to Nebraska. He also represented Topeka and the free-state movement at two constitutional conventions, one in Lecompton and the other in Wyandotte, where he argued against Kansas entering the Union as a slave-state. Eventually, the free-state supporters succeeded and Kansas entered the Union as a free state, just months before the start of the Civil War. During the Civil War, Ritchie continued fighting against slavery as a member of the Union Army. He served in the Fifth Kansas Cavalry Regiment as a colonel, as well as a colonel of the Second Indian Home Guards Regiment. In the early part of 1865, Ritchie was given the rank of Brigadier-General. A few months later, the Confederate Army surrendered and the Civil War was over. After the war, freed slaves from the south migrated north to more sympathetic lands. Ritchie, once again, offered his support by donating or selling land to African Americans looking to settle in Topeka. Eventually a school for the settlers was built on Ritchie’s land and would later become the Monroe School of the famous court case Brown v. The Board of Education. Ritchie also donated the land for a college in Topeka. Lincoln College, founded in 1865 and admitting men and women of all races from day one, is now Washburn University. Ritchie was one of the most influential and prominent citizens during and after the founding of Topeka. He was an abolitionist, a philanthropist, a veteran and a conductor of the Underground Railroad. He fought for the rights of all men and women. Topeka wouldn’t be what it is today without people willing to sacrifice and John and Mary Ritchie are prime examples of the type of character that Topeka was founded on.

1Password and the Case of the XARA Bandit - mnem https://blog.agilebits.com/2015/10/15/1password-and-the-case-of-the-xara-bandit/ ====== manicdee Link is broken for me. Two seemingly related blog entries from Agile Bits: Discussion of the vulnerability — [https://blog.agilebits.com/2015/06/17/1password-inter- proces...](https://blog.agilebits.com/2015/06/17/1password-inter-process- communication-discussion/) Version of 1Password with increased security: [https://blog.agilebits.com/2015/10/15/1password-5-4-for- mac-...](https://blog.agilebits.com/2015/10/15/1password-5-4-for-mac-the- convenience-edition/)

Eastern Courier Messenger Eastern Courier Messenger is a weekly suburban newspaper in Adelaide, part of the Messenger Newspapers group. The Eastern Courier's area is bounded by South Road to the west, Magill Road to the north, the foothills, and the city. The newspaper generally reports on events of interest in its distribution area, including the suburbs of Norwood, Burnside, Wayville and Unley. It also covers the City of Unley, City of Mitcham, City of Burnside and City of Norwood Payneham St Peters councils. It has a circulation of 62,600 and a readership of 81,000. History In 1949, The Courier newspaper was established in the Unley/Mitcham area. Meantime, the Eastside News Review was formed in 1961 with two editions, Burnside and Campbelltown. In 1965, the two Eastside News Review papers were merged to form the Burnside and Norwood News Review. In 1984, The Courier was renamed the Courier Messenger and the Burnside and Norwood News Review was renamed the Burnside Messenger. The Burnside Messenger's named was changed after one year to the Eastern Suburbs Messenger. In 1993, the Eastern Suburbs Messenger and the Courier Messenger were merged to form the Eastern Courier Messenger. References External links Messenger Newspapers Eastern Courier Messenger Category:Newspapers published in Adelaide Category:Weekly newspapers published in Australia

OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF TEXAS AUSTIN Honorable Wm. J. Lawson Seoretary of State Austin, Texes Denr Sirt Attention: Hr. Wll xour resent atioa, howwux, atill Jmr only f $lO,QQ%.O%, but ml8he8 to ia- 1 *took to $X8,%0%.%%, The ha6 been raised is whether the wmrporatfon, due to the fact tlmt ft was f6rnmd b4iQW1 ArtioZe 4969 War pwtllld, IM aslend ita oapZfa& stook and &till have &mm e:hen ~1%%,%%Or%O oapital stook.  f&r9 Han. ax. 2. tawao3.,page L met be apprcved by tk.SS Depertmnt, but this partloulor D‘j.estion does not ESSE bo here been raised prerioudyy Vbo attciraepe for tte oonpany faS1 that tbe ccapanylo ori&sai o&artsr le not reqUltd to OGqPly With the SUbSScplent 8tStUt.8 pIVVidin& for an irareaeed minimum o~pit0lleatlon. (1. . .I The 2u,urposs ShU6S in the Shove mm5tlo5ed oherter rude as fOllOW#I "The purpoSe far which thfr oorposetion ia 0rpnlteC ie to do a &aAeznl fldue:wy ant deporl- tory budner8 ar Suthorlse6 by rubclitirion 80, of ht. 1~1 0r the K. c. 6. 0f the saw of TOW, adopted in 1Sl.l." YS 08Mot agree With the &t@teDUOt in JOUf 1.rtt.r ahUS:A it is lta ted thatt tu ef-fea the W6I igmnted to th e Sb er tQr hneriorn Safe Deposit Coqeay la 1988 anclwa# @or to the p9aru&e of .srtiole 4Qb9, Vernon’@ Iraaofmtrd Civil ,Ststutea. It will be noted that Artlole 49bQ ,w88 odglnelly peared in 1809 emI asended in 1908 sod ageln h+utded in 19;LII1and there- fore war la foroe and 9rrbet when She ohatier warn gnnted to the abort nmtloneC aompenp. Uabdivision SO of Artioie ll81 of the Pertred Civil Statute*, 1911, eWw other thing8 euth- oriaed tte fOI‘S&StiOA of private oorporatiunS %a do l @WSrSI. fldoolary en4 depository bu%lnerr.* Artlole lU1, SUPIS, i8 now wt101e 1mt, Vemcn'e Annotated Civil 6tetutea, sna the oodlfIer8 !iA lOPr%left out the mbdlvfrlan under luflele 13OE authoririn4g the r0railtion of eorporetleno *to do a uenenl riquoierg 8515 depA2itmy bwfinerr.* Eioaver, Art1010 4969, eupra, eotheosired th6 fo,rmation of prirste aorporcrtlonr *to de Q general fBdudlary and depository bueiner6,” and ~8 in for~* and errsot men the above n0030e eol(pelly WBB tAoAr~SretSd. It w:ll be notrd that i&tale 4QbQ doocr not exprerely repeal nub- divisfon 37 of htlale 1Ul. mwerer, the two etatutee uadu eorrsf&eratlonherein are ln pri materla and thslr provi~lon~ in such reepoet oonnot bS rseonofled. .Ud unCnr nueb OirSuo- atanoss the cildsr otatuta ail1 be held tc be rSpSaLS& by lmpll- oation t4 the extent 0r tG* conflfat,. It ia presumed that tie L4k~islature iatended ta repeal all Saws end perta at laws

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Monday, April 2, 2012 Eocene Diet Follow-up Now that WHS readers around the globe have adopted the Eocene Diet and are losing weight at an alarming rate, it's time to explain the post a little more. First, credit where credit is due: Melissa McEwen made a similar argument in her 2011 AHS talk, where she rolled out the "Cambrian Explosion Diet", which beats the Eocene Diet by about 470 million years. It was probably in the back of my head somewhere when I came up with the idea. April Fools day is good for a laugh, but humor often has a grain of truth in it. In this case, the post was a jumping off point for discussing human evolution and what it has to say about the "optimal" human diet, if such a thing exists. Here's a preview: evolution is a continuous process that has shaped our ancestors' genomes for every generation since the beginning of life. It didn't end with the Paleolithic, in fact it accelerated, and most of us today carry meaningful adaptations to the Neolithic diet and lifestyle. Modern genetics has revealed that we are all genetic patchwork quilts, our genomes shaped by several different environments, and perfectly adapted to none. We're caught in the middle of an evolutionary transition, partially adapted to Neolithic life but not quite there yet, and no longer quite adapted to the life of a hunter-gatherer either. I'll delve into these topics further in upcoming posts, and introduce Ötzi, the Tyrolean ice man, who will be our guide. 42 comments: I'm looking forward to reading more in this vein. Your's is an expertise people can come to trust quite easily because the soundness of your method is so readily apparent. I truly value and enjoy the fruits of your labors here. Thank you. I'm eagerly awaiting the next post. I'm happy Otzi will be our guide! I read somewhere that he had a sacralized 5th lumbar vertebra, as do I, which could mean he's a distant ancestor. Don't tell me if it's not so because we all need our happy fantasies. Anyhow, I'm excited about the teaser you've provided for the next series because I'm not good at extremes. Finding a sensible way to respect both our evolution and our recent adaptations just feels "right" and I can't wait to read your articles. Thanks! It's a pity that the "evolution ended with the Paleolithic" line is so popular in the paleosphere. Mark Sisson makes much of it in The Primal Blueprint. The idea that evolution ever stops should be nonsense to anyone with a high school grasp of evolution. It really undermines the paleo diet's credibility. I'm by no means an expert on evolution, so correct me if I'm missing something, but doesn't evolution fundamentally require some degree of selection? This would suggest that once civilization reached a point where essentially everyone reached the age of reproduction (and subsequently reproduced) that natural selection would cease to exist (in humans). Although we may have different epigenetic responses to our environments, and there may be small variations among all of us, traditional evolution seems to fall apart without competition. IcedCoffee, evolution is first and foremost due to differential reproductive success, sexual selection is very live and well in modern society, and there are large individual differences in how many babies you manage to make before passing on. Someone with the unfortunate genetics to become hyperobese, infertile or develop severe illnesses in response to the modern (food) environment is probably less likely to have much success with the opposite sex. Hmm no, I think if anything, fat people tend to settle down sooner and have more children. But that's a recent phenomenon (last 50 years). I would think constant low level famines in the middle ages and earlier would exert a much greater pressure as people needed to eek out every calorie from their grain based diets. IcedCoffee, we haven't reached a point where everyone reaches reproductive age, at least not everywhere in the world. Furthermore, even in places where almost everyone does reach reproductive age, not all people reproduce, whether by choice or otherwise. Having read every one of your posts since the inception of your blog and being a loyal supporter of your work, let me state for the record that the usage of the term "quilt" pretty much invalidates EVERYTHING you have ever written Lactose digestion in adults, of course.Alcohol tolerance (both the ability to metabolise it and avoid addiction).Seafood is ridiculously healthy for humans - supposedly a creature that came from the savannah. So maybe a down-regulation of the ability to make EPA and DHA?Jacked up immune system. Pretty sure humans must have some of the best defences against infections (of any primate at least).The ability to eat pretty much anything - though that's probably a paleolithic trait. As Colldén said, reproduction is crucial in evolutionary selection. The evolutionary process is continuing, even in humans. In Sweden I believe most females reproduce, but a fair amount of males never reproduce. Instead the more popular males are recycled. Some interesting thoughts, but I'm not very persuaded that they amount to anything substantial. Most people reproduce, even those with less than stellar genotypes. At best sexual selection would suggest a split in society based on good genes and bad genes, but all of the genes would still be there. (and I doubt this will occur.) And even if sexual selection is an issue (and has been for the past 10,000 years), it would favor those with a greater propensity for reproduction, not necessarily for survival. Most people reach the age of reproduction, so then its just a question of who actually does, and how much, neither or which probably relate to diet/nutrition in any substantial way. In my mind most of the adaptations that (might have) emerged aren't really evolutionary changes in the human genome, but simply changes in gut flora responding to differing dietary stimuli. And this is assuming that we had to adapt at all to the consumption of these newer agricultural foods. The percentage of people not reaching reproductive age was very substantial for the vast majority of the neolithic period. In the relative peace and prosperity of Tudor England for example: “Average life expectancy in the early sixteenth century was barely thirty, a figure determined largely by heart-breaking levels of infant mortality: 25% of children died before their first birthday, and 50% before their tenth.”- www.hrp.org.uk/Resources/Peter%20MarshallFINAL.pdf Over 10,000 years, I think that's enough to bring about substantial changes. Just think about how quickly dog breeds can be utterly transformed over a few generations. Nicholas, You raise a good point, although I have to wonder what the implications of it are (regarding diet). My primary question would be, "what is the affect of diet on infant mortality?" In my mind, (aka opinion) the primary issue of the Neolithic age shifted from food to disease. So any change that might manifest in our DNA would be towards resistance to disease/infection (and not adaptability to diet). This is not to say that a baby who, for instance, couldn't digest wheat wouldn't still be selected out, but it doesn't suggest that a heightened ability to digest wheat would warrant any particular advantage. (Whereas a heightened resistance to disease/infection probably would offer an advantage). And I think its worth mentioning that infant mortality was not something new to the Neolithic age (obvious but important). I imagine this was a distinct breed of natural selection (focused on disease and infection) that probably did continue up until very recently. And just as an aside, I would like to acknowledge that I totally agree that we as humans are still changing, I simply think that these changes are no longer manifesting as "adaption." You're right, Stephan. Dr. Henry Harpending says the same thing and he is a top scientist in the field. Only people trying to make money off of Paleolithic this and that do not acknowledge how we are NOT exactly like Paleolithic Man. As you pointed out we have evolved increasingly rapidly to new challenges. I have learned so much in the last 6 years. I will never be swindled again by these Internet gurus selling people things. Real scientists operate within the bounds of significant uncertainties with regard to human physiology etc. Salesmen are not bound by scientific rules. If the public were more scientifically, as Carl Sagan wanted, Internet guru charlatans would not have a market at all. I think the ability to make the most of a particular food and resistance to disease and infection are bound up together. If the neolithic staples of bread and cheese cause problems for a neolithic child, such that their organs just aren't getting the all nutrients they need, or are sent haywire by toxins they can't deal with, then their ability to fight off disease and infection, and cope with periods of starvation, is going to be undermined, and they're going to less likely to make it to reproductive age. Personally I think that "adaptation" is still a perfectly appropriate word for modern-day evolution. In the language of the theory of evolution, "adaptation" to an environment has only ever been measured by one yardstick - the extent to which a characteristic leads to reproduction. I think there's a tendency to link evolution with what we would regard as a moral, intellectual or physical improvement, but that's confusing human moral values with a valueless sequence of cause and effect, which is all that evolution is. If, hypothetically speaking, irresponsible people tend to have more children, and those children go on to have more children, then irresponsible people are, in evolutionary terms, better adapted to their environment. Nicholas,I think we pretty much are in agreement on most of this, but I'd quibble over some details. My primary concern would be that, although outright food intolerance (and similar conditions) would surely be tied with disease, I think simply not having these problems would be sufficient. My point was primarily that I get the impression that many people view evolution in terms of: "we have been exposed to x for y years, therefore we have adapted to it," which is a flawed assumption. Not to mention the entire idea that "we evolved eating it, there we SHOULD eat it" is scientifically unsound. Good for generating hypothesis, but not for basing arguments (but i digress). I totally agree that evolution now is more geared towards whoever is the most likely to reproduce. I think that was the premise of that movie Idiocray; dumb people reproduce more than smart people, so smart people will go extinct in the future. IcedCoffee: Yeah, I guess we pretty-much agree. By the way, since people tend to choose similarly intelligent/stupid partners, you could argue that we'll slowly evolve into increasingly stupid and increasingly clever sub-species of humanity. However, before that has time to play out I expect we'll just be genetically engineering super-humans or replacing everyone with robots. Greenacres: Well a paleo diet still seems to be the safest policy, so it's not redundant. I think something like Chris Kresser's self-experimentation-based "paleo template" diet is the way forward. Nicholas, Haha I actually thought about bringing up the divergent evolution idea earlier, but decided against it in case people called me overly simplistic. Although the idea is amusing: smart people breed with smart people = super smart people; fat people breed with fat people = super fat people. But yea if you believe Kurzweil we'll all be uber-enhanced with technology soon-ish anyways. Just gotta survive until then. Seems to me very recently in 1st world countries, selective reproductive pressure with regards to food would be primarily the ability to eat a bunch of processed crap food and still remain fertile. Partners can usually be found (especially for females) eventually as long as you are capable of producing. Health after about 40 doesn't really matter hugely with regards to reproductive success, especially as community/family involvement practices lessen. But current selective pressure in other countries, like in the 3rd world, varies drastically by country. Each 'micro environment' varies drastically, but I think in the end, it is going more towards crap food for more and more people. Agriculture allowed our culture to believe we are immune to the laws of nature. We are not. We cannot sustain this population in perpetuity. Natural selection is waiting in the wings. Remove farming and agriculture based cultures from the picture and you see a world and our bodies in balance. @Todd,Interesting study, I wish I could view the entire article. Although I wouldn't call myself an anti-pufa person necessarily, I do have a few thoughts: My biggest interest is actually the use of butter as their saturated fatty acid. Butterfat is relatively high in short and medium chain fatty acids, which are metabolized directly into the liver. Couple that with a group of people who are "abdominally obese" (aka probably hyperinsulinemic) and it seems like we have a recipe for putting fats into the liver and not letting them get out. Also their comparison of "compliant subjects" immediately raised my skepticism alert, although without seeing more of the study I can't really comment. Also the choice to maintain their macronutrient ratio makes me want to know what else they were being fed. Nonetheless, this will definitely give me pause next time someone asks me if butter is better than veg oil. a proper diet program is good for our body systems. in many terms human does not give much importance to their body and food. its a self killing process. some decease related to food and bad lifestyle we can face many health issues. heart failure, heart attack and Heart Transplantation are critical problems. we must take good care of our health and body. About Me I'm an obesity researcher, neurobiologist, and author. In addition to my research, I enjoy synthesizing and communicating science for a general audience. I have a BS in biochemistry (University of Virginia) and a PhD in neurobiology (University of Washington). Whole Health Source is a free resource for anyone who loves the science of health. Copyright 2008-2013 Please feel free to reproduce the contents of this blog, on the condition that you: 1) Attribute the work to me 2) Provide a link to the page where you found it 3) Do not use it for commercial purposes Financial disclosure I am a co-creator of the Ideal Weight Program, and I receive revenue from the sale of this program. In addition, I am registered as an Amazon affiliate. I may receive a small commission on the sale of some of the books I review, or other products sold through Amazon. Disclaimer This blog is a compilation of my opinions. It's not advice; it's information that you can take or leave as you please. I don't intend it to replace professional medical consultation or treatment. Your health is in your own hands.

Introduction The Surface Go is the most recent addition to Microsoft’s ever growing hardware line, and it slots in right at the bottom, as a cheaper alternative to the Surface Pro. It seems to be aiming at the iPad Pro market, marketing itself at someone that just wants one device to take care of all of their computing needs; from watching cat gifs on reddit, to making some household budget spreadsheets in excel. So is this Microsoft’s answer to “the future of computing”? Let’s find out. INSIDE HARDWARE The Surface Go comes in two hardware configurations. The $399 option comes with an Intel Pentium Gold processor, 4GB of RAM, and 64GB of eMCC storage. The other option is $549; it comes with the same processor, but has 8GB of RAM, and 128GB of SSD storage. I think if you can stretch your budget I’d recommend the $549 option due to overall being a faster device and for the sake of longevity. OUTSIDE HARDWARE The device itself is on par with all other Surface laptops, which is great. It looks and feels like a Surface Pro that was taken to a photocopier and shrunken by 25%. The Surface Go has the same excellent magnesium construction as its larger sibling, including the rear hinge that is both sturdy and smooth. It weighs 522g (1.15lb), which is just a little bit heavier than the iPad (469g/ 1.03lbs), but is still easy to hold with one hand, and won’t be particularly noticeable in your bag. The Surface Go has a standard assortment of ports and buttons; a power button and volume rocker; a Surface Connect port, USB-C port, MicroSD slot, and a Surface Type Cover port. I’m very glad that they embraced the future and put a USB-C port on here. One of my main complaints from that Surface Laptop was that it didn’t’ have a USB-C port. I can understand that for some people that will be an annoyance, but it’ll be good in the future. I do kind of wish that they would switch the Surface Connect port to a USB-C port as well, since either port can be used for charging but that’s just me being nitpicky. There are two cameras, front and back. The front utilizes the “Hello” login feature, that I gladly welcome. As someone that uses an iPhone X, I love that I can also just unlock the Surface with my face. It’s also a pretty damn good webcam. If you tend to make Skype calls or video conference often, you’ll be pleased to know that your face will be crystal clear to the other side. The back camera is basically there to be there; it’ll suffice for quick shots, but your photos won’t make it to National Geographic. The speakers are exactly as good as you imagine they are. Perhaps even a bit better; they’re perfectly acceptable for watching movies and listening to music, but it won’t be the center of your house party. DISPLAY Finally, we’re at the display, but before we jump into the details of the display, we should acknowledge the bezels that surround it. They’re thick. Acceptable, but still thick. I imagine this is to keep costs down, and honestly, I’m ok with it. As much as thin bezels give us that futuristic screen-only look à la Westworld, you’ll get used to the screen and its bezels and go about your day. The display itself is 10” with a 3:2 aspect ratio, and a resolution of 1800 x 1200 which gives it a 217ppi density. I think the display is great. It’s not quite on par with the iPad Pro’s screen but it doesn’t need to be either. You’ll have no issue using this display. Colors are nice and bright, contrast is good, and viewing angles are vast, so regardless of where you adjust the rear stand, you’ll be able to use the Surface Go happily. Additionally, the screen is bright enough to be used outside, if that’s your thing. SOFTWARE From the inception of the Surface lineup, Microsoft took a different route than apple. Instead of developing an all new ecosystem (aka iOS), they decided that they could just make Windows more touch friendly, and have no need for developing a whole new ecosystem. The Surface Go runs Windows 10S, just like the Surface Laptop I reviewed last year. This is kind of Microsoft’s attempt at making an iOS-esque ecosystem, but without splitting everything apart. (That already failed once with Windows RT). Basically Windows 10S limits the user to only using Edge as the web browser, and you can only install apps from the Windows store. For a very basic user this won’t cause any issues, however if you really want to use the Surface Go all time, it could be a hindrance. Luckily Microsoft makes it incredibly easy to upgrade to the full Windows 10. Just a few mere clicks (not even a restart), and you’re free of Microsoft’s shackles. PERFORMANCE Now that you can run whatever software you want, I imagine you are still most likely going to be run the basics like the Office suite and web browsing. You can run the occasional edit in photoshop or lightroom, but any heavier edits are going to slow the machine down. Using the Surface Go as a laptop is actually quite a joy, it’s quick and responsive; the Surface Cover is a great keyboard; perhaps a little tight, but having written this whole review on it, I had no issues with cramping and could touch type comfortably. The trackpad is also responsive and handles multi-finger inputs like scrolling and zooming just like you would expect it to. The trackpad is a bit on the smaller side, especially if you’ve used some of the behemoth MacBook trackpads, but considering the size of the type cover, it’s perfectly sized without getting in your palms way. Using the Surface Go as a tablet on the other hand, was less impressive. You can really tell that touch input is a secondary priority for Windows 10. I found it interesting that scrolling was perfectly smooth in Edge, but in Chrome it lacked the inertial scrolling and was quite choppy. Often times the link or button you’re trying to press with your finger is just a little too small, and you end up poking at it three times before finally getting it. Windows offers no help in making the input boxes larger or more lenient towards fingers, it truly considers your finger the same as a mouse. There are also not that many great apps on the Microsoft Store, so don’t expect this to be the same as an iPad where there’s an app for everything you can imagine. SMART HOME APPS Surprisingly, what there is an app for, is Smart Home control. Under the Cortana settings in Windows 10, you can natively connect several smart home devices such as Hue Lights, Nest products, Ecobee, and even Smart Things and Wink Hubs. There are also several Home control apps in the Windows Store, but quite as many that can be found in iOS or Android app stores. Nevertheless, Cortana was quickly able to sync with my devices, and I was able to control them with no issues. Cortana easily understood anything I said and answered promptly regarding the smart home controls, which pleasantly surprised me. I wasn’t able to properly explore the potential for creating automations however; so perhaps for more advanced smart homes, you will still need to consult the app on your phone. Although it might not seem like a first choice device to control your smart home with, considering everything is marketed towards phones first and foremost; it is good to know that Windows users can take advantage of this growing market right from their computers. CONCLUSION This brings us to the Golden Question. Should you buy this? The Surface Go has a lot going for it. It’s a GOOD inexpensive Windows machine. The only compromises are in the performance department, but for the vast majority of people, this is perfectly acceptable. As mentioned earlier, if you can stretch your budget, I’d highly recommend going for the $549 option. The Surface Type Cover is another $99 you’ll have to spend, since it is essential for this device. This does add up, but there’s no other device in this price range that will be comparable in terms of quality. If you’re looking to buy a tablet as a leisurely second device, this isn’t it. Go buy an iPad. However if you’re the kind of person that looks to an iPad as your only device, this can easily be that device, without the limitations that an iPad comes with. You have a full file browser, and the full workings of Windows. It has expandable storage, a mouse input, and a USB-C port to connect to external storage and peripherals. I would even recommend this as a secondary device if you’re in a Windows based environment, with a desktop at home/office, and a cheap Surface for the Go. (see what I did there). Order the Microsoft Surface Go HERE for the lowest price available: Surface Go 128GB (Amazon) – https://amzn.to/2MyYvco

Structural and biochemical investigation of the role in proofreading of a beta hairpin loop found in the exonuclease domain of a replicative DNA polymerase of the B family. Replicative DNA polymerases, as exemplified by the B family polymerases from bacteriophages T4 and RB69, not only replicate DNA but also have the ability to proofread misincorporated nucleotides. Because the two activities reside in separate protein domains, polymerases must employ a mechanism that allows for efficient switching of the primer strand between the two active sites to achieve fast and accurate replication. Prior mutational and structural studies suggested that a beta hairpin structure located in the exonuclease domain of family B polymerases might play an important role in active site switching in the event of a nucleotide misincorporation. We show that deleting the beta hairpin loop in RB69 gp43 affects neither polymerase nor exonuclease activities. Single binding event studies with mismatched primer termini, however, show that the beta hairpin plays a role in maintaining the stability of the polymerase/DNA interactions during the binding of the primer DNA in the exonuclease active site but not on the return of the corrected primer to the polymerase active site. In addition, the deletion variant showed a more stable incorporation of a nucleotide opposite an abasic site. Moreover, in the 2.4 A crystal structure of the beta hairpin deletion variant incorporating an A opposite a templating furan, all four molecules in the crystal asymmetric unit have DNA in the polymerase active site, despite the presence of DNA distortions because of the misincorporation, confirming that the primer strand is not stably bound within the exonuclease active site in the absence of the beta hairpin loop.

Sensory characteristics and consumer preference for chicken meat in Guinea. This study identified the sensory characteristics and consumer preference for chicken meat in Guinea. Five chicken samples [live village chicken, live broiler, live spent laying hen, ready-to-cook broiler, and ready-to-cook broiler (imported)] bought from different locations were assessed by 10 trained panelists using 19 sensory attributes. The ANOVA results showed that 3 chicken appearance attributes (brown, yellow, and white), 5 chicken odor attributes (oily, intense, medicine smell, roasted, and mouth persistent), 3 chicken flavor attributes (sweet, bitter, and astringent), and 8 chicken texture attributes (firm, tender, juicy, chew, smooth, springy, hard, and fibrous) were significantly discriminating between the chicken samples (P<0.05). Principal component analysis of the sensory data showed that the first 2 principal components explained 84% of the sensory data variance. The principal component analysis results showed that the live village chicken, the live spent laying hen, and the ready-to-cook broiler (imported) were very well represented and clearly distinguished from the live broiler and the ready-to-cook broiler. One hundred twenty consumers expressed their preferences for the chicken samples using a 5-point Likert scale. The hierarchical cluster analysis of the preference data identified 4 homogenous consumer clusters. The hierarchical cluster analysis results showed that the live village chicken was the most preferred chicken sample, whereas the ready-to-cook broiler was the least preferred one. The partial least squares regression (PLSR) type 1 showed that 72% of the sensory data for the first 2 principal components explained 83% of the chicken preference. The PLSR1 identified that the sensory characteristics juicy, oily, sweet, hard, mouth persistent, and yellow were the most relevant sensory drivers of the Guinean chicken preference. The PLSR2 (with multiple responses) identified the relationship between the chicken samples, their sensory attributes, and the consumer clusters. Our results showed that there was not a chicken category that was exclusively preferred from the other chicken samples and therefore highlight the existence of place for development of all chicken categories in the local market.

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Larger helicopters, in general, have several features in common in a typical basic configuration or layout. For instance, a typical helicopter will have a cabin section rearward of the pilot's cockpit or flight deck and which is used to transport people, cargo or both. In addition, the helicopter will have an engine compartment which is located typically above and to the rear of the pilot's cockpit or flight deck, and above the cabin section. The engine compartment typically houses two primary components, at least one engine and a rotor transmission with a corresponding transmission housing. Both the engine and the rotor transmission contain numerous fluids, such as petroleum-based lubricants, that are critical to the operation of the engine and the transmission. These fluids inevitably leak from various locations in the engine and the transmission during both the operation and storage of the helicopter. Because the engine compartment is generally oriented above the cabin section, any leaking fluids eventually seep or drip into the cabin section, unless proper sealing mechanisms are in place. The inflow of these leaking fluids spoil, stain or damage the cabin's interior materials such as seat covers and acoustic linings. In addition, the leaking fluids can severely damage or destroy sensitive electronic equipment that may be placed in the cabin section of a helicopter. Moreover, the exterior of the helicopter around the engine and transmission compartment is not completely fluidtight, allowing fluid such as water to leak from these areas into the cabin with similar adverse effects. During routine inspection and maintenance it is necessary to have both ready visual and physical access to portions of the engine or at least the rotor transmission. Such access is required to check critical fluid levels, to replace worn, damaged or depleted parts or filters, or to adjust mechanical systems. Typically, various access panels in or around the engine or transmission compartments provide the requisite openings to achieve ready access to the engine and the rotor transmission. In some helicopters, a forged or fixed airframe structure forms an access opening which is located below the rotor transmission housing and above the cabin section. The opening is thus accessible through the cabin's ceiling. This access opening, however, must be sealed by a cover against the inevitable oil and fluid drippings which the engine and the rotor transmission will produce, as well as against water leakage. The access opening below the engine compartment in prior helicopters, such as the BLACK HAWK® helicopter, made for the United States by Sikorsky Aircraft Company of Stratford, Conn., is defined by both the aircraft structural forgings and a flexible or yieldable downwardly-turned skirt which is riveted onto the helicopter's forged structure. The skirt is thin and many times more flexible relative to the helicopter's forged structure. Prior drip pan designs attached a covering plate directly to the flexible skirt with a hollow seal sandwiched therebetween. One hollow seal used in prior designs resembled the flexible, hollow door seals used around car doors or refrigerator doors. However, the skirt contains surface aberrations, such as the protruding rivet heads from the rivets securing the skirt to the forged helicopter structure. When the seal engaged both the skirt and the rivet heads, it could be upset enough so that leakage occurred. Accordingly, the hollow seal traversing these aberrations while sandwiched between the skirt and the covering plate is unable to provide a suitable, consistent, long-term fluid seal. Moreover, flexing of the flexible skirt could also cause leakage. Also, the geometry of the cover cannot be such that it protrudes significantly into the interior of the cabin section. Headroom in the cabin section typically is limited and any additional protrusion from the ceiling of the cabin section is undesirable. In addition, because weight is critical to the operation of any aircraft, heavy cover constructions are undesirable. Other prior drip pan structures disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,112,856; 6,216,823; and 6,446,907 and Design Pat. No. D444,443, which are fully incorporated herein by this express reference, provided improvements and solutions to these difficulties. In addition, Sikorsky more recently introduced its “M” Model BLACK HAWK® helicopter for which these prior structures were not readily adaptable due to a change in configuration of the skirt noted above. In particular, while the prior drip pans provided a port for visual access to an oil filter, the port was offset from the filter, rendering it more difficult to see the filter from many viewing angles through the port, requiring specially shaped tools to manipulate filter retention bolts, and requiring tilting of filters when removed or replaced. The “M” model was introduced by Sikorsky for use by U.S. Military. In that model, and in other aircraft with what are or will be similarly-shaped skirts, there is a skirt as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 8,096,496 with an access area or corner for the filter which is pulled outwardly to allow direct and straight-through access to the filter and its filter retention bolts when the pan is removed. Such direct access is preferable as it eliminates the need for the special dog-bone shaped tools necessary to operate the filter retention bolts to remove and install the filter as was required with the prior drip pan, which not only required such tools but also required the filter to be “tipped” as it was removed or replaced and before it could be seated (see FIG. 6 of U.S. Pat. No. 6,446,907). Accordingly, in the new “M” model, one corner has been pulled or extended outwardly and asymmetrically to the other corners. Stated in another way, the radius point or center of the expanded corner curve of the skirt has been moved outwardly from its position in the prior drip pan and the straight sides of the skirt are no longer tangent to the curve of this corner. The problems associated with the asymmetrical nature of the skirt, which takes on inwardly-facing convex shapes, directed inwardly of the access opening, before flowing into an expanded inwardly-facing concave corner in the “M” model were overcome by a drip pan apparatus disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 8,096,496 and 8,317,127 while still forming a leak-proof seal of the access opening in spite of the previously experienced difficulties with forming a face seal in this location. Furthermore, the drip pan apparatus disclosed is cost effective and easily installed while also facilitating maintenance of the rotor transmission and particularly easing access to the filter secured to the rotor transmission. Moreover, the visual access to the filter through the corresponding site port was also solved. Nevertheless, despite the significant improvement provided by the drip pan apparatus, modifications to the rotor transmission of the BLACK HAWK® helicopter, including model variations thereof, may slightly alter the position of the filter on the transmission. For example, the rotor transmission found in the S70A-09 helicopter, made for the Australian Army by Sikorsky is modified for applications specific the Australian Army's use. It is believed these slight modifications to the rotor transmission include a slight decrease in clearance between the oil filter and the skirt encircling the access opening for the rotor transmission. While the decrease in clearance is small, possibly amounting to an inch or less, access to the oil filter is hampered, even in situations in which the drip pan apparatus disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 8,096,496 is utilized. Thus, there is a need for an improved drip pan apparatus for sealing the access opening of a rotor transmission in a helicopter, such as the S70A-09 Australian Army helicopter that utilizes the asymmetrical skirt found in the “M” Model BLACK HAWK® helicopter, that facilitates visual inspection of the rotor transmission, including inspection of the oil filter, and that facilitates and reduces maintenance time, while also sealing the access opening from leakage. Accordingly, it is one objective to provide an improved leak-proof drip pan apparatus for use in an “M” model BLACK HAWK® helicopter or another helicopter, such as the Australian Army's S70A-09 helicopter, which shares a similar configuration of the skirt surrounding the access opening to the rotor transmission. A further objective of this invention is to provide an improved cover and seal for the interior access opening of helicopters such as the BLACK HAWK® “M” model helicopter and those of similar structure, such as the Australian Army's S70A-09 helicopter. Another object of this invention is to provide a drip pan that will effectively and consistently seal fluid from passage from an engine or transmission compartment to a cabin section of a BLACK HAWK® “M” model helicopter and similar air frames, such as the Australian Army's S70A-09 helicopter. Another object of this invention is to provide a drip pan which permits quick visual and physical access to the engine or transmission compartment of a BLACK HAWK® “M” model helicopter and similar helicopters, such as the Australian Army's S70A-09 helicopter, without requiring modification to the existing aircraft structure. Another objective of the invention is to more effectively seal a drip pan to the skirt defining a transmission access opening in a BLACK HAWK® “M” model helicopter and similar helicopters, such as the Australian Army's S70A-09 helicopter. Still another object of this invention is to provide a drip pan that can be attached to the existing structure of a BLACK HAWK® “M” model helicopter and similar helicopters, such as the Australian Army's S70A-09 helicopter, with only slight modifications of the existing air frame structure and with minimal intrusion into the helicopter's cabin section. Another objective of the invention is to provide an improved drip pan for use with a BLACK HAWK® “M” model helicopter and similar air frames, such as the Australian Army's S70A-09 helicopter, using an o-ring seal between drip pan and frame, where all peripheral curves in the pan are convex (i.e., outwardly directed) with respect to the pan. Yet another objective of the invention is to provide enhanced visual access to a filter in an “M” model BLACK HAWK® helicopter and similar air frames, such as the Australian Army's S70A-09 helicopter.

Q: JavaScript/Canvas появление объекта через заданное время Подскажите, как реализовать появление объекта (красного квадрата) через setTimeout() Я реализовал по-другому, но почему-то кажется, что так не правильно, или такое решение имеет место быть? var canvas = document.getElementById("d1"); var ctx = canvas.getContext("2d"); var pressedLeft = false; var pressedRight = false; var pressedUp = false; var pressedBottom = false; document.addEventListener("keydown", keyDown, false); document.addEventListener("keyup", keyUp, false); function keyDown(e) { if(e.keyCode == 37) { pressedLeft = true; } else if(e.keyCode == 39) { pressedRight = true; } else if(e.keyCode == 38) { pressedUp = true; } else if(e.keyCode == 40) { pressedBottom = true; } } function keyUp(e) { if(e.keyCode == 37) { pressedLeft = false; } else if(e.keyCode == 39) { pressedRight = false; } else if(e.keyCode == 38) { pressedUp = false; } else if(e.keyCode == 40) { pressedBottom = false; } } var player = { x: 10, y: 10, pW: 130, pH: 130, draw: function() { ctx.beginPath(); ctx.rect(this.x, this.y, this.pW, this.pH); ctx.fillStyle = "black"; ctx.fill(); ctx.closePath(); } } var box = { x: 5, y: 5, bW: 140, bH: 140, timer: 0, draw: function() { ctx.beginPath(); ctx.rect(this.x, this.y, this.bW, this.bH); ctx.fillStyle = "red"; ctx.fill(); ctx.closePath(); } } function draw() { ctx.clearRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height); box.timer++; if(box.timer >= 150) { box.draw(); } player.draw(); if(pressedRight) { player.x = 162; } if(pressedLeft) { player.x = 10; } if(pressedUp) { player.y = 10; } if (pressedBottom) { player.y = 162; } } setInterval(draw, 1000/60); #d1 { border: 3px solid black; background: #fff url('http://jscoder.ru/bg1.jpg'); } <canvas id="d1" width="300" height="300"></canvas> A: Не совсем понятно, зачем Вам постоянно перерисовывать квадрат, а не делать это в обработчикe события: var canvas = document.getElementById("d1"); var ctx = canvas.getContext("2d"); document.addEventListener("keyup", keyUp, false); function keyUp(e) { if (e.keyCode == 37) { player.x = 10; } else if (e.keyCode == 39) { player.x = 162; } else if (e.keyCode == 38) { player.y = 10; } else if (e.keyCode == 40) { player.y = 162; } draw(); } var player = { x: 10, y: 10, pW: 130, pH: 130, draw: function() { ctx.beginPath(); ctx.rect(this.x, this.y, this.pW, this.pH); ctx.fillStyle = "black"; ctx.fill(); ctx.closePath(); } } var box = { x: 5, y: 5, bW: 140, bH: 140, timer: 0, draw: function() { ctx.beginPath(); ctx.rect(this.x, this.y, this.bW, this.bH); ctx.fillStyle = "red"; ctx.fill(); ctx.closePath(); } } function draw() { ctx.clearRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height); box.draw(); player.draw(); } draw(); #d1 { border: 3px solid black; background: #fff url('http://jscoder.ru/bg1.jpg'); } <canvas id="d1" width="300" height="300"></canvas>

Im, P. K., Millwood, I. Y., Chen, Y., Guo, Y., Du, H., Kartsonaki, C., Bian, Z., Tan, Y., Su, J., Li, Y., Yu, C., Lv, J., Li, L., Yang, L., Chen, Z., and China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) Collaborative Group (2020) Problem drinking, wellbeing and mortality risk in Chinese men: findings from the China Kadoorie Biobank. Addiction, 115: 850--862. 10.1111/add.14873.31692116 Introduction {#add14873-sec-0008} ============ Alcohol drinking is a well‐recognized risk factor for the global burden of disease [1](#add14873-bib-0001){ref-type="ref"}. Among regular heavy drinkers, a proportion may develop problem drinking, a maladaptive pattern of alcohol use causing problems such as impairment and distress, and eventually alcohol use disorder (AUD) [2](#add14873-bib-0002){ref-type="ref"}, [3](#add14873-bib-0003){ref-type="ref"}. Previous studies in western populations have shown that problem drinking, using definitions including heavy drinking, AUD and the experience of alcohol‐related problems, was associated with depression and anxiety [4](#add14873-bib-0004){ref-type="ref"}, [5](#add14873-bib-0005){ref-type="ref"}, [6](#add14873-bib-0006){ref-type="ref"}, [7](#add14873-bib-0007){ref-type="ref"}, [8](#add14873-bib-0008){ref-type="ref"}, [9](#add14873-bib-0009){ref-type="ref"}, sleep problems [10](#add14873-bib-0010){ref-type="ref"}, [11](#add14873-bib-0011){ref-type="ref"}, lower life satisfaction [12](#add14873-bib-0012){ref-type="ref"}, [13](#add14873-bib-0013){ref-type="ref"}, [14](#add14873-bib-0014){ref-type="ref"} and higher risk of mortality and suicide [15](#add14873-bib-0015){ref-type="ref"}, [16](#add14873-bib-0016){ref-type="ref"}. Also, it has been reported that stressful life events were associated with alcohol craving, binge drinking and problem drinking [17](#add14873-bib-0017){ref-type="ref"}, [18](#add14873-bib-0018){ref-type="ref"}, [19](#add14873-bib-0019){ref-type="ref"}. In China, the patterns of drinking differ importantly from western populations, including a lower prevalence of regular drinking especially among women, and the Chinese custom of drinking spirits and drinking alcohol with meals [20](#add14873-bib-0020){ref-type="ref"}, [21](#add14873-bib-0021){ref-type="ref"}, [22](#add14873-bib-0022){ref-type="ref"}. The prevalence of alcohol dependence increased from 0.02 to 0.68% between the 1980s and 1990s [23](#add14873-bib-0023){ref-type="ref"}, paralleled with a sharp increase in per‐capita alcohol consumption from 2.5 litres in 1978 to 7.2 litres in 2016 [1](#add14873-bib-0001){ref-type="ref"}, [24](#add14873-bib-0024){ref-type="ref"}. In 2010, AUD was the ninth leading cause of disability, and the second most important mental disorder after depression in China [25](#add14873-bib-0025){ref-type="ref"}. The relationships between problem drinking, wellbeing and health have emerged as important public health concerns, as comorbid AUD and mental disorders have been associated with higher risk of suicide attempts in western populations [26](#add14873-bib-0026){ref-type="ref"}, [27](#add14873-bib-0027){ref-type="ref"}. Despite this, large‐scale epidemiological evidence from Chinese populations is limited, with previous studies constrained by small sample size [28](#add14873-bib-0028){ref-type="ref"}, crude measurement of alcohol drinking (i.e. user versus non‐user) [29](#add14873-bib-0029){ref-type="ref"}, [30](#add14873-bib-0030){ref-type="ref"} and limited data on other health outcomes [31](#add14873-bib-0031){ref-type="ref"}, [32](#add14873-bib-0032){ref-type="ref"}. Given the cultural differences in drinking patterns and the growing alcohol‐attributable disease burden, assessment of the relationships between problem drinking and health consequences in Chinese populations is needed to inform treatment and prevention strategies. This study uses data from the prospective China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) of 0.5 million adults (210 259 men, 302 632 women) to (1) examine the prevalence and correlates of problem drinking; (2) assess the cross‐sectional relationships of problem drinking with experience of stressful life events and wellbeing; and (3) explore the prospective associations of problem drinking with all‐cause mortality, hospitalizations and events due to external causes. As few women (\~2%) drink alcohol regularly in CKB [21](#add14873-bib-0021){ref-type="ref"}, this study focused only on men. Methods {#add14873-sec-0009} ======= Study design {#add14873-sec-0010} ------------ Details of the CKB study design and methods have been previously reported [33](#add14873-bib-0033){ref-type="ref"}, [34](#add14873-bib-0034){ref-type="ref"}. Briefly, the study was conducted in 10 rural and urban regions among the general population in China, chosen for their diversity in exposure and disease patterns, while taking account of population stability and quality of death and disease registries. Overall, 512 891 adults aged 30--79 years were recruited during 2004--08 (response rate \~30%), among whom 210 259 (41%) were men and 56% were from rural areas. At local assessment clinics, trained health workers administered a laptop‐based questionnaire which included demographic and socio‐economic status, life‐style factors (smoking, drinking, diet, physical activity), stressful life events, wellbeing‐related measures and medical history; recorded physical measurements; and collected a blood sample. Ethical approval was obtained from local, national and international ethical committees. All participants provided written informed consent. Assessment of alcohol intake and problem drinking {#add14873-sec-0011} ------------------------------------------------- Self‐reported alcohol drinking patterns and indicators of problem drinking at baseline were recorded by questionnaire, with details described previously [21](#add14873-bib-0021){ref-type="ref"}, [35](#add14873-bib-0035){ref-type="ref"}. In brief, participants were classified into: abstainers; ex‐regular drinkers; reduced‐intake drinkers; occasional drinkers; and current regular drinkers (i.e. drinking at least weekly in the past year). Current regular drinkers were asked further questions relating to their drinking patterns, e.g. frequency, amount consumed and experience of problem drinking indicators (see [Supporting information, Table S1](#add14873-supitem-0001){ref-type="supplementary-material"} for detailed definitions). Among current regular drinkers, problem drinking was defined by the report of one or more of the following indicators related to alcohol use in the past month: ever drinking in the morning; being unable to work or to do anything due to drinking; feeling depressed, irritated or losing control after drinking (i.e. negative emotions); being unable to keep away from drinking; and having shakes when stopping drinking. Heavy episodic drinking (HED) was defined as consuming more than 60 g of alcohol in a drinking session [1](#add14873-bib-0001){ref-type="ref"}. Broadly following the US dietary guidelines [36](#add14873-bib-0036){ref-type="ref"} and based on the alcohol consumption during a typical drinking week, current regular drinkers who did not report any indicator(s) of problem drinking were categorized as: (1) low‐risk drinkers (drank alcohol \< 200 g/week and no HED) or (2) high‐risk drinkers (drank alcohol ≥ 200 g/week or HED) (see [Supporting information, Fig. S1](#add14873-supitem-0001){ref-type="supplementary-material"} for flow‐chart of categorization of the study sample). Assessment of stressful life events and wellbeing {#add14873-sec-0012} ------------------------------------------------- Experience of stressful life events in the past 2 years and wellbeing‐related measures (i.e. self‐reported health and life satisfaction at baseline, sleep problems, depression, anxiety) were assessed by baseline questionnaire. The 10 stressful life events (i.e. divorce, family conflict, death of spouse, death or major illness of a family member, job loss or retirement, bankruptcy, loss of income or debt, violence, major injury or traffic accident, natural disaster) are common stressors often examined in epidemiological research of stress and alcohol [18](#add14873-bib-0018){ref-type="ref"}. Self‐reported poor health was defined by the report of self‐rated health as 'poor' (versus 'fair', 'good' or 'excellent'). Life dissatisfaction was defined by the report of 'being unsatisfied' or 'very unsatisfied' with life (versus 'neither satisfied nor dissatisfied', 'satisfied' or 'very satisfied'). Comparable to the standardized criteria of insomnia used in International Classification of Sleep Disorders (ICSD) [37](#add14873-bib-0037){ref-type="ref"}, sleep problems were defined by the report of any of the following symptoms during the last month: difficulty in initiating or maintaining sleep; early‐morning awakenings; difficulty in staying alert during daytime; use of sleep aid medications. Major depressive episode (MDE) and general anxiety disorder (GAD) were assessed using the modified Chinese version of the World Health Organization 12‐month Composite International Diagnostic Interview‐Short Form (CIDI‐SF), triggered by positive responses to screening questions [38](#add14873-bib-0038){ref-type="ref"}. For MDE, participants were asked if they had experienced any of the following depression symptoms for more than 2 weeks in the past year: feeling sad or depressed; loss of interest; loss of appetite; and feeling worthless. Participants reporting at least one symptom were further assessed for MDE using the CIDI‐SF (A). For GAD, participants who reported continuous anxiety lasting at least 1 month in the past year triggered further assessment for GAD by the CIDI‐SF (B). Those who responded positively to the screening questions but did not meet the CIDI‐SF diagnostic criteria of MDE or GAD were classified as having 'depressive symptoms' or 'anxiety symptom', respectively. Symptoms of panic attack and phobia in the past year were also recorded (see detailed questionnaire at <http://www.ckbiobank.org>). Mortality and morbidity follow‐up {#add14873-sec-0013} --------------------------------- Cause‐specific mortality was monitored through China\'s Centre for Disease Control (CDC) Disease Surveillance Points (DSP) system, with annual active confirmation through local residential, medical, health insurance and administrative records. Non‐fatal outcomes of major diseases and any episodes of hospitalization were collected through linkage with disease registries and the Chinese National Health Insurance claim databases. All events were coded using International Classification of Diseases (ICD)‐10 by trained staff blinded to baseline information. The follow‐up outcomes in this study were all‐cause mortality, any episode of hospitalization and all fatal and non‐fatal events due to all external causes (ICD‐10: V01‐Y98). By 1 January 2016, 21 545 (10.3% of all men) men had died and 1792 (0.9%) were lost to follow‐up. Statistical analysis {#add14873-sec-0014} -------------------- Means and percentages of baseline characteristics were adjusted for age and region where appropriate by direct standardization to the age and region structure of the cohort. The statistical associations between problem drinking categories and baseline characteristics were tested using multinomial logistic regression for categorical variables, logistic regression for binary variables and linear regression for continuous variables. Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) of problem drinking associated with exposure to stressful life events, and ORs of wellbeing‐related measures associated with exposure to problem drinking and individual problem drinking indicators, in cross‐sectional analyses among current regular drinkers adjusted for age group, region, education, income and smoking. For analyses of problem drinking and wellbeing‐related measures, marital status, prior chronic diseases and body mass index (BMI) were additionally adjusted for (see Supporting information, [Table S2](#add14873-supitem-0001){ref-type="supplementary-material"} for details of analytical models). Analyses of the prospective associations between problem drinking and health outcomes were restricted to current regular drinkers without major chronic diseases at baseline (*n* = 57 166) (Supporting information, [Table S2](#add14873-supitem-0001){ref-type="supplementary-material"}). Cox proportional hazards regression, stratified by age‐at‐risk (5‐year intervals) and 10 regions, and adjusted for education, income, smoking, fruit intake, physical activity and BMI, was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for all‐cause mortality, any hospitalization and events due to external causes associated with problem drinking and individual problem drinking indicators. The proportional hazards assumption for the Cox model was checked using scaled Schoenfeld residuals and by examining the HRs for the first 4 years and for subsequent years of follow‐up [39](#add14873-bib-0039){ref-type="ref"}. For analyses involving more than two levels of exposure, floating standard errors were used to estimate group‐specific variances and confidence intervals (CI) of log ORs or log HRs for all categories including the reference group, which reflected independent variability within each group. It enabled comparison between any two categories rather than simply pairwise comparisons with the reference category [40](#add14873-bib-0040){ref-type="ref"}, [41](#add14873-bib-0041){ref-type="ref"}. Heterogeneity across problem drinking categories was assessed with a χ^2^ test, with the null hypothesis that all coefficients tested are the same. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to explore the associations of problem drinking with depression and anxiety after removing the negative emotions indicator from the definition of problem drinking. Analyses of the associations of problem drinking with stressful life events, wellbeing and mortality risk with further adjustment for potential confounding factors, e.g. prior chronic diseases for stressful life events, physical activity for wellbeing and prior psychiatric disorders for all analyses, were performed. Further analyses on the associations of problem drinking with wellbeing and mortality risk were repeated among all male participants. SAS version 9.4 was used for performing statistical analyses and R version 3.4.0 was used for producing figures. The analyses were not pre‐registered and the results should be considered exploratory. Results {#add14873-sec-0015} ======= Of the 210 259 men recruited at baseline, 33% (*n* = 69 904) drank alcohol regularly, among whom the mean age was 51 years and 50% were from urban areas (Table [1](#add14873-tbl-0001){ref-type="table"}). Among current regular drinkers, 24% reported at least one indicator of problem drinking (8% of all men), i.e. problem drinkers. Compared with low‐risk drinkers, problem drinkers tended to have less education and lower household income (*P* \< 0.001). Problem drinkers reported the following indicators: morning drinking (55%) and unable to stop drinking (47%), which increased with age (*P* \< 0.001), unable to work due to drinking (15%), negative emotions after drinking (7%) and having shakes when stopping drinking (2%), which decreased with age (*P* \< 0.001) (Supporting information, [Fig. S2](#add14873-supitem-0001){ref-type="supplementary-material"}). Among all men, the prevalence of problem drinking varied from 2% in Suzhou to 19% in Sichuan (Supporting information, [Fig. S3](#add14873-supitem-0001){ref-type="supplementary-material"}), while among current regular drinkers it varied from 5% in Suzhou to 37% in Sichuan (Supporting information, [Fig. S4](#add14873-supitem-0001){ref-type="supplementary-material"}). Overall, problem drinking was generally more common in rural than urban areas (10 versus 5% among all men, 34 versus 14% among current regular drinkers). This was driven mainly by the higher prevalence of morning drinking in rural areas (61 versus 39% among problem drinkers) (Supporting information, [Fig. S5](#add14873-supitem-0001){ref-type="supplementary-material"}). ###### Baseline characteristics of male current regular drinkers by problem drinking status. Non‐problem drinkers Problem drinkers ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------- ------------------ --------------- --------------- -------------- ---------- Number of men (%) 69 904 25 958 (37.1) 27 254 (39.0) 13 271 (19.0) 3421 (4.9) Socio‐demographic characteristics Mean age, years (SD) 51.1 (10.2) 51.7 (10.7) 50.2 (9.8) 51.8 (10.1) 50.9 (9.8) \< 0.001 Age groups, years, % \< 0.001 \< 40 14.1 14.7 15.4 12.4 14.7 40--49 32.4 31.2 35.2 31.2 33.2 50--59 31.6 29.8 31.4 33.0 34.6 60--69 16.3 17.6 14.0 17.6 14.2 70+ 5.5 6.8 4.0 5.7 3.2 Urban area, % 50.1 61.3 51.9 30.5 24.0 \< 0.001 Highest education, % \< 0.001 Primary or below 39.7 36.9 40.0 42.3 42.5 Middle or high school 52.2 53.6 51.9 51.8 53.4 Technical school, college or university 8.1 9.5 8.1 5.9 4.1 Household income, yuan/year, % \< 0.001 \< 20 000 48.5 47.3 47.2 52.5 53.2 20 000--34 999 28.0 28.0 28.1 26.8 28.1 35 000+ 23.5 24.6 24.7 20.6 18.7 Married, % 93.8 94.8 93.9 92.6 91.1 \< 0.001 Life‐style and physical measurements Regular smoking, % 71.3 64.9 74.1 76.2 79.0 \< 0.001 Mean physical activity, MET‐h/d[a](#add14873-note-0006){ref-type="fn"} (SD) 22.9 (15.0) 22.9 (14.8) 22.8 (14.9) 23.1 (15.2) 23.4 (15.7) 0.028 Mean SBP, mmHg (SD) 134.2 (19.8) 131.8 (19.1) 135.7 (19.7) 135.3 (20.6) 136.7 (20.9) \< 0.001 Mean BMI, kg/m^2^ (SD) 23.7 (3.2) 23.6 (3.2) 23.9 (3.3) 23.5 (3.2) 23.3 (3.1) \< 0.001 Medical history, % CHD 1.9 2.0 1.7 1.9 3.0 0.012 Stroke or TIA 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.4 2.4 0.058 Cancer 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.550 Chronic hepatitis or cirrhosis 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.4 1.4 0.013 Diabetes 2.0 2.1 2.0 1.8 2.5 0.155 Psychiatric disorder 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.481 SD = standard deviation; MET‐h/d = metabolic equivalent of task per hour per day; SBP = systolic blood pressure; DBP = diastolic blood pressure; BMI = body mass index; CHD = coronary heart disease; TIA = transient ischaemic attack; HED = heavy episodic drinking. Prevalences and means are adjusted for age group and region as appropriate. *P*‐values were calculated using a χ^2^ test for association between problem drinking and baseline characteristics. Low‐risk drinkers were current regular drinkers who drank \< 200 g/week, with no HED in a typical drinking week or problem drinking indicator reported; high‐risk drinkers were current regular drinkers who either drank at least 200 g/week or engaged in HED in a typical drinking week, but with no problem drinking indicator reported; problem drinkers were current regular drinkers who reported at least one problem drinking indicator, and were further classified into '1 problem drinking indicator' and '2+ problem drinking indicators' according to the number of problem drinking indicators reported. The sum of MET‐h/d was estimated based on questions on the usual type and duration of activities related to work, commuting, household chores and leisure‐time exercise in the past year, adapted from validated questionnaires used in previous cohort studies, with some additional modifications after a China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) pilot study. Compared with low‐risk drinkers, problem drinkers consumed on average more than three times as much alcohol each week (\> 383 versus 109 g/week) and were more likely to drink daily (*P* \< 0.001) (Table [2](#add14873-tbl-0002){ref-type="table"}). High‐risk drinkers had a similar mean weekly consumption to problem drinkers with one indicator. Among problem drinkers, those reporting two or more indicators had higher mean alcohol intake and higher frequency of daily drinking and HED. This was seen in both rural and urban areas, although the overall mean alcohol consumption level and prevalence of HED in a typical drinking week were higher in rural than urban areas (Supporting information, [Table S3](#add14873-supitem-0001){ref-type="supplementary-material"}). The highest mean consumption was observed in problem drinkers reporting having shakes when stopping drinking, followed by morning drinking and negative emotions after drinking (Supporting information, [Table S4](#add14873-supitem-0001){ref-type="supplementary-material"}). Those reporting negative emotions or having shakes were most likely to report more than one drinking problem (Supporting information, [Table S4](#add14873-supitem-0001){ref-type="supplementary-material"}). ###### Drinking characteristics by problem drinking status in male current regular drinkers. <table><thead><tr class="header"><th style="text-align: left;"></th><th style="text-align: left;"><p>Low‐risk drinkers</p><p>(<em>n</em> = 25 958)</p></th><th style="text-align: left;"><p>High‐risk drinkers</p><p>(<em>n</em> = 27 254)</p></th><th style="text-align: left;"><p>Problem drinkers with 1 indicator</p><p>(<em>n</em> = 13 271)</p></th><th style="text-align: left;"><p>Problem drinkers with 2+ indicators</p><p>(<em>n</em> = 3421)</p></th><th style="text-align: left;"><em>P</em>‐value</th><th style="text-align: left;"></th><th style="text-align: left;"></th><th style="text-align: left;"></th><th style="text-align: left;"></th><th style="text-align: left;"></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr class="odd"><td style="text-align: left;">Drinking characteristics</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;"></td></tr><tr class="even"><td style="text-align: left;">Drank alcohol on the day of survey, %</td><td style="text-align: left;">10.7</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">17.5</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">28.5</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">33.7</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">&lt; 0.001</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td></tr><tr class="odd"><td style="text-align: left;">Daily drinking, %</td><td style="text-align: left;">35.9</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">74.5</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">76.8</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">83.7</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">&lt; 0.001</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td></tr><tr class="even"><td style="text-align: left;">Age started regular drinking, mean (SD)</td><td style="text-align: left;">30.8 (12.2)</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">27.5 (9.5)</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">27.5 (10.7)</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">26.1 (9.4)</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">&lt; 0.001</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td></tr><tr class="odd"><td style="text-align: left;">Drinking with meals, %</td><td style="text-align: left;">87.0</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">86.4</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">85.0</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">83.5</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">&lt; 0.001</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td></tr><tr class="even"><td style="text-align: left;">Flushing response<a href="#add14873-note-0011" data-ref-type="fn">a</a>, %</td><td style="text-align: left;">25.5</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">13.8</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">15.6</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">13.8</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">&lt; 0.001</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td></tr><tr class="odd"><td style="text-align: left;">Typical drinking week</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;"></td></tr><tr class="even"><td style="text-align: left;">Mean weekly consumption, g/week (SD)</td><td style="text-align: left;">109.2 (56.5)</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">378.4 (209.1)</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">383.4 (277.6)</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">506.5 (344.4)</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">&lt; 0.001</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td></tr><tr class="odd"><td style="text-align: left;">Heavy episodic drinking (HED), %</td><td style="text-align: left;">0.0</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">60.8</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">48.4</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">61.0</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">&lt; 0.001</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td></tr><tr class="even"><td style="text-align: left;">Heavy drinking (200 + g/week), %</td><td style="text-align: left;">0.0</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">88.0</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">69.8</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">80.7</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">&lt; 0.001</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td></tr><tr class="odd"><td style="text-align: left;">HED and heavy drinking, %</td><td style="text-align: left;">0.0</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">48.8</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">45.3</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">58.4</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">&lt; 0.001</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td></tr><tr class="even"><td style="text-align: left;">Beverage types consumed, %</td><td style="text-align: left;">&lt; 0.001</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;"></td></tr><tr class="odd"><td style="text-align: left;">Strong spirit (≥ 40% alcohol) only</td><td style="text-align: left;">34.8</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">56.4</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">51.8</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">55.7</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;"></td></tr><tr class="even"><td style="text-align: left;">Weak spirit (&lt; 40% alcohol) only</td><td style="text-align: left;">21.1</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">24.1</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">24.0</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">23.8</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;"></td></tr><tr class="odd"><td style="text-align: left;">Beer only</td><td style="text-align: left;">27.2</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">12.3</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">12.6</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">10.6</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;"></td></tr><tr class="even"><td style="text-align: left;">Rice wine or grape wine only</td><td style="text-align: left;">16.8</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">7.1</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">11.5</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">9.9</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;"></td></tr><tr class="odd"><td style="text-align: left;">Special occasion</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;"></td></tr><tr class="even"><td style="text-align: left;">Mean consumption per session, g/session (SD)</td><td style="text-align: left;">106.4 (86.3)</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">169.2 (111.0)</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">168.3 (112.0)</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">203.5 (134.4)</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">&lt; 0.001</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td></tr><tr class="odd"><td style="text-align: left;">HED on special drinking occasion, %</td><td style="text-align: left;">69.4</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">93.5</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">89.2</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">94.2</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">&lt; 0.001</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td></tr><tr class="even"><td style="text-align: left;">Last time drinking</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;"></td></tr><tr class="odd"><td style="text-align: left;">Mean consumption per session, g/session (SD)</td><td style="text-align: left;">32.0 (26.7)</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">61.0 (41.8)</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">57.6 (40.1)</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">67.0 (47.5)</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">&lt; 0.001</td></tr><tr class="even"><td style="text-align: left;">HED on the last drinking day, %</td><td style="text-align: left;">11.4</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">41.3</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">38.4</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">46.0</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td><td style="text-align: left;">&lt; 0.001</td><td style="text-align: left;"></td></tr></tbody></table> SD = standard deviation; HED = heavy episodic drinking. Prevalences and means are adjusted for age group and region. *P*‐values were calculated using a χ^2^ test for association between problem drinking and drinking characteristics. Low‐risk drinkers were current regular drinkers who drank \< 200 g/week, with no HED in a typical drinking week or problem drinking indicator reported; high‐risk drinkers were current regular drinkers who either drank at least 200 g/week or engaged in HED in a typical drinking week, but with no problem drinking indicator reported; problem drinkers were current regular drinkers who reported at least one problem drinking indicator, and were further classified into '1 problem drinking indicator' and '2+ problem drinking indicators' according to the number of problem drinking indicators reported. Experiencing hot flushes or dizziness soon after first mouthful or after drinking small amount of alcohol. Experience of any stressful life events was associated with an adjusted OR of 1.24 (95% CI = 1.16--1.33) for problem drinking (Table [3](#add14873-tbl-0003){ref-type="table"}), compared with those who had not experienced stressful life events. Of the 10 stressful life events surveyed, loss of income or debt (OR = 1.86, 95% CI = 1.45--2.39) and experience of violence (OR = 1.68, 95% CI = 1.11--2.56) had the strongest associations with problem drinking. Family conflict, death or major illness of a family member, job loss or retirement and bankruptcy were also associated with problem drinking. Divorce was associated with problem drinking among urban but not rural drinkers, while the associations between problem drinking with finance‐related events were significant among rural drinkers only (Supporting information, [Table S5](#add14873-supitem-0001){ref-type="supplementary-material"}). ###### Cross‐sectional associations of stressful life events with problem drinking in male current regular drinkers. +-----------------------------------------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+ | | Total regular drinkers | Problem drinkers[a](#add14873-note-0014){ref-type="fn"} | Adjusted OR (95% CI) for problem drinking | *P‐*value | | | | | | | | | *n* | *n* (%) | | | +:==============================================+:=======================+:========================================================+:==========================================+:==========+ | **Family‐related events** | | | | | +-----------------------------------------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+ | Divorce or separation | | | | | +-----------------------------------------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+ | No | 69 701 | 16 639 (23.9%) | 1.00 | | +-----------------------------------------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+ | Yes | 203 | 53 (26.1%) | 1.32 (0.95--1.83) | 0.1027 | +-----------------------------------------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+ | Family conflict | | | | | +-----------------------------------------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+ | No | 69 417 | 16 540 (23.8%) | 1.00 | | +-----------------------------------------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+ | Yes | 487 | 152 (31.2%) | 1.50 (1.22--1.84) | 0.0001 | +-----------------------------------------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+ | Death of spouse | | | | | +-----------------------------------------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+ | No | 69 550 | 16 596 (23.8%) | 1.00 | | +-----------------------------------------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+ | Yes | 354 | 96 (27.1%) | 1.07 (0.83--1.36) | 0.6133 | +-----------------------------------------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+ | Death or major illness of other family member | | | | | +-----------------------------------------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+ | No | 66 680 | 15 871 (23.8%) | 1.00 | | +-----------------------------------------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+ | Yes | 3224 | 821 (25.5%) | 1.20 (1.10--1.30) | \< 0.0001 | +-----------------------------------------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+ | Any family‐related events | | | | | +-----------------------------------------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+ | No | 65 748 | 15 606 (23.7%) | 1.00 | | +-----------------------------------------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+ | Yes | 4156 | 1086 (26.1%) | 1.21 (1.13--1.31) | \< 0.0001 | +-----------------------------------------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+ | **Finance‐related events** | | | | | +-----------------------------------------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+ | Job loss or retirement | | | | | +-----------------------------------------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+ | No | 69 587 | 16 622 (23.9%) | 1.00 | | +-----------------------------------------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+ | Yes | 317 | 70 (22.1%) | 1.45 (1.09--1.91) | 0.0102 | +-----------------------------------------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+ | Bankruptcy | | | | | +-----------------------------------------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+ | No | 69 683 | 16 608 (23.8%) | 1.00 | | +-----------------------------------------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+ | Yes | 221 | 84 (38.0%) | 1.48 (1.11--1.96) | 0.0068 | +-----------------------------------------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+ | Loss of income or debt | | | | | +-----------------------------------------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+ | No | 69 592 | 16 577 (23.8%) | 1.00 | | +-----------------------------------------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+ | Yes | 312 | 115 (36.9%) | 1.86 (1.45--2.39) | \< 0.0001 | +-----------------------------------------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+ | Any finance‐related events | | | | | +-----------------------------------------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+ | No | 69 099 | 16 441 (23.8%) | 1.00 | | +-----------------------------------------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+ | Yes | 805 | 251 (31.2%) | 1.57 (1.34--1.84) | \< 0.0001 | +-----------------------------------------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+ | **Injury‐related events** | | | | | +-----------------------------------------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+ | Violence | | | | | +-----------------------------------------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+ | No | 69 796 | 16 653 (23.9%) | 1.00 | | +-----------------------------------------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+ | Yes | 108 | 39 (36.1%) | 1.68 (1.11--2.56) | 0.0149 | +-----------------------------------------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+ | Major injury or traffic accident | | | | | +-----------------------------------------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+ | No | 69 403 | 16 566 (23.9%) | 1.00 | | +-----------------------------------------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+ | Yes | 501 | 126 (25.1%) | 1.15 (0.93--1.43) | 0.1929 | +-----------------------------------------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+ | Natural disaster | | | | | +-----------------------------------------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+ | No | 69 848 | 16 679 (23.9%) | 1.00 | | +-----------------------------------------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+ | Yes | 56 | 13 (23.2%) | 1.05 (0.54--2.02) | 0.8869 | +-----------------------------------------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+ | Any injury or disaster events | | | | | +-----------------------------------------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+ | No | 69 244 | 16 516 (23.9%) | 1.00 | | +-----------------------------------------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+ | Yes | 660 | 176 (26.7%) | 1.22 (1.01--1.47) | 0.0347 | +-----------------------------------------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+ | **Any major stressful life event** | | | | | +-----------------------------------------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+ | No | 64 509 | 15 266 (23.7%) | 1.00 | | +-----------------------------------------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+ | Yes | 5395 | 1426 (26.4%) | 1.24 (1.16--1.33) | \< 0.0001 | +-----------------------------------------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+ OR = odds ratio; CI = confidence interval. ORs were adjusted for age group, region, education, income and smoking status. All *P*‐values are from a Wald χ^2^ test. Reporting one or more in the past month of: drinking in the morning; unable to work or do anything due to drinking; depressed, irritated or lost control due to drinking; could not stop drinking; had shakes when stopping drinking. There were positive associations between problem drinking and poor wellbeing (Fig. [1](#add14873-fig-0001){ref-type="fig"}), with apparently stronger associations among urban than rural drinkers (Supporting information, [Fig. S6](#add14873-supitem-0001){ref-type="supplementary-material"}). Compared with low‐risk drinkers, those with two or more indicators had approximately 1.5‐fold higher risks for poor self‐reported health, life dissatisfaction and sleep problems (all *P* \< 0.001). The associations were stronger for other wellbeing‐related measures, i.e. an approximately 2--2.4‐fold higher risk for panic attacks, symptoms of depression and anxiety (all *P* \< 0.001). The associations of problem drinking with MDE and GAD were similar to those with symptoms of depression and anxiety respectively, although the ORs were less extreme for MDE. Among problem drinkers, there were significant dose--response relationships of poor wellbeing with the number of indicators reported (*P* \< 0.05 for all except GAD and phobia, Supporting information, [Table S6](#add14873-supitem-0001){ref-type="supplementary-material"}). High‐risk drinking was not associated with most wellbeing‐related measures when compared to low‐risk drinking, except for a higher likelihood of early‐morning awakening (Supporting information, [Table S7](#add14873-supitem-0001){ref-type="supplementary-material"}). Each individual problem drinking indicator was associated with poor wellbeing when compared with low‐risk drinking. In particular, negative emotions after drinking and having shakes when stopping drinking were each associated with a more than threefold higher risk of depression symptoms (Supporting information, [Table S8](#add14873-supitem-0001){ref-type="supplementary-material"}). After removing the negative emotions indicator from the definition of problem drinking, the associations between problem drinking and symptoms of depression and anxiety were attenuated, but remained significant (Supporting information, [Fig. S7](#add14873-supitem-0001){ref-type="supplementary-material"}). {#add14873-fig-0001} The risk of all‐cause mortality was associated with problem drinking, with adjusted HRs of 1.00 (95% CI = 0.94--1.06) for low‐risk drinkers, 1.28 (95% CI = 1.21--1.35) for high‐risk drinkers, 1.37 (95% CI = 1.28--1.46) and 1.91 (95% CI = 1.71--2.13) for drinkers with one and two or more problem drinking indicators, respectively (Fig. [2](#add14873-fig-0002){ref-type="fig"}). The patterns of associations of problem drinking with incident events due to external causes were broadly similar to those with all‐cause mortality. There were also slightly increased risks for overall hospitalizations among high‐risk and problem drinkers, with higher HRs in urban than rural areas (Supporting information, [Fig. S8](#add14873-supitem-0001){ref-type="supplementary-material"}). The risk of mortality and hospitalizations increased progressively with the number of problem drinking indicators reported (*P* \< 0.01, Supporting information, [Table S9](#add14873-supitem-0001){ref-type="supplementary-material"}). For individual problem drinking indicators, having shakes when stopping drinking was associated with the highest HR of all‐cause mortality, followed by morning drinking and negative emotions after drinking (Supporting information, [Table S10](#add14873-supitem-0001){ref-type="supplementary-material"}). {#add14873-fig-0002} The main results from the cross‐sectional and prospective analyses persisted after further adjustment for other relevant covariates such as prior chronic diseases, physical activity and prior psychiatric disorders (Supporting information, Tables [S11](#add14873-supitem-0001){ref-type="supplementary-material"}--[S13](#add14873-supitem-0001){ref-type="supplementary-material"}). Repeating the analyses in all men showed a higher risk of poor wellbeing measures and mortality in abstainers and ex‐regular drinkers, who were older and had a higher prevalence of prior chronic diseases and psychiatric disorders at baseline (Supporting information, [Table S14](#add14873-supitem-0001){ref-type="supplementary-material"}), compared with low‐risk drinkers ([Figs S9--S10](#add14873-supitem-0001){ref-type="supplementary-material"}). Discussion {#add14873-sec-0016} ========== In this large study of Chinese adults, one in four men who drank alcohol regularly experienced at least one indicator of problem drinking. Problem drinking was more prevalent among men living in rural areas and with lower socio‐economic status. Experience of stressful life events, especially loss of income, was associated with a higher risk of problem drinking. Problem drinking was associated with poor wellbeing and higher risk of all‐cause mortality and incident events due to external causes. The extremely low prevalence of regular drinking in women (\~2%) in CKB suggested that the burden of harmful alcohol use is likely to be highly skewed towards Chinese men. The overall prevalence of problem drinking in men (8%) in this study is broadly consistent with a previous meta‐analysis of 38 cross‐sectional studies, most of which focused on a single geographical region, including 1 304 354 individuals conducted during 1987--2013 in China, which reported a prevalence of AUD of 10% in men and 0.1% in women [42](#add14873-bib-0042){ref-type="ref"}. Furthermore, we found that the prevalence of problem drinking varied greatly among geographic regions, with a generally higher prevalence in rural than urban regions, as shown in the previous meta‐analysis in China (overall AUD prevalence: 6.1 in rural versus 5.2% in urban) [42](#add14873-bib-0042){ref-type="ref"}. The rural--urban divide in our study may have been due to the heavier alcohol consumption in rural than urban drinkers [21](#add14873-bib-0021){ref-type="ref"}, and was largely driven by the high frequency of morning drinkers in rural areas. In addition, we found that negative emotions and being unable to work after drinking were more prevalent in urban and younger men, among whom we previously reported an increase in the prevalence of problem drinking between 2004--08 and 2013--14 [35](#add14873-bib-0035){ref-type="ref"}, reflecting the different contexts of problem drinking across regions and generations in China. In line with studies in western countries [8](#add14873-bib-0008){ref-type="ref"}, [9](#add14873-bib-0009){ref-type="ref"}, we found that problem drinking prevalence tended to be higher among those with lower socio‐economic status, while previous evidence from China was inconsistent and the associations varied greatly throughout different regions [28](#add14873-bib-0028){ref-type="ref"}, [43](#add14873-bib-0043){ref-type="ref"}, [44](#add14873-bib-0044){ref-type="ref"}, [45](#add14873-bib-0045){ref-type="ref"}. Previous studies of mainly western populations have reported the associations of stressful life events, particularly financial‐related events, e.g. job loss, with alcohol craving and problem drinking [18](#add14873-bib-0018){ref-type="ref"}, [19](#add14873-bib-0019){ref-type="ref"}, [46](#add14873-bib-0046){ref-type="ref"}, [47](#add14873-bib-0047){ref-type="ref"}. Two studies on the changes in alcohol use patterns during the 2008 economic crisis in European Union countries [48](#add14873-bib-0048){ref-type="ref"} and in a US sample of 2 million adults [49](#add14873-bib-0049){ref-type="ref"} showed that the economic crisis was linked with increased rates of alcohol misuse and alcohol‐related mortality and hospitalization, particularly among the unemployed. Our study provides clear evidence that the experience of stressful life events over the past 2 years, particularly financial stress, was associated with an increased likelihood of past‐month problem drinking in Chinese men, although these findings were cross‐sectional and the directionality of the associations is still unknown. The regional differences we observed suggested that there may be contextual factors influencing the relationships between stress and problem drinking, e.g. lack of financial support in the more deprived, rural drinker groups. Although the evidence is limited in China, previous studies which are mainly from western populations have shown associations of problem drinking with various measures of poor wellbeing, including lower life satisfaction, sleep problems, depression and anxiety [4](#add14873-bib-0004){ref-type="ref"}, [7](#add14873-bib-0007){ref-type="ref"}, [11](#add14873-bib-0011){ref-type="ref"}, [12](#add14873-bib-0012){ref-type="ref"}, [13](#add14873-bib-0013){ref-type="ref"}, [14](#add14873-bib-0014){ref-type="ref"}, [50](#add14873-bib-0050){ref-type="ref"}, [51](#add14873-bib-0051){ref-type="ref"}, [52](#add14873-bib-0052){ref-type="ref"}. A previous study of 16 255 adults aged \> 65 years in China found that low life satisfaction was related to higher likelihood of alcohol drinking, but without further investigation into consumption level or problem drinking [30](#add14873-bib-0030){ref-type="ref"}. In our study, we demonstrated that, among Chinese men, drinking problems were associated with life dissatisfaction and also other measures of poor wellbeing. We found no association between high‐risk drinking and poor wellbeing. This was in line with a recent Dutch study of 6705 adults, in whom lower life satisfaction was associated with problem drinking but not the alcohol amount consumed [53](#add14873-bib-0053){ref-type="ref"}. Therefore, our results suggest that the relationships between problem drinking and most wellbeing‐related measures may not be due solely to the amount of alcohol consumed *per se*, but to the negative consequences of, or the genetic predisposition to, problem drinking [53](#add14873-bib-0053){ref-type="ref"}, [54](#add14873-bib-0054){ref-type="ref"}. One exception may be sleep problems, for which we showed that high‐risk drinkers had an increased likelihood of early‐morning awakening. This was in line with clinical studies, which suggested that the quantity of alcohol consumption may have a direct physiological role on underlying sleep quality [11](#add14873-bib-0011){ref-type="ref"}. The associations between problem drinking and depression and anxiety disorders have been established previously among western populations, in both cross‐sectional and prospective studies [4](#add14873-bib-0004){ref-type="ref"}, [5](#add14873-bib-0005){ref-type="ref"}, [6](#add14873-bib-0006){ref-type="ref"}, [7](#add14873-bib-0007){ref-type="ref"}, [8](#add14873-bib-0008){ref-type="ref"}, [9](#add14873-bib-0009){ref-type="ref"}, [55](#add14873-bib-0055){ref-type="ref"}, [56](#add14873-bib-0056){ref-type="ref"}, while in China the evidence is still limited. A recent study of 74 752 Chinese men combining surveys from five provinces reported an inverse association between current AUD and mood disorders (OR = 0.6, 95% CI = 0.4--0.8) and anxiety disorders (OR = 0.5, 95% CI = 0.3--1.0) in men, with limited adjustment for age only [31](#add14873-bib-0031){ref-type="ref"}. In contrast, our study covering 10 diverse regions provided strong evidence of the associations between problem drinking and higher risk of depression and anxiety among male regular drinkers. Apart from differences in study regions and covariate adjustment, the contrasting results between the two Chinese studies may be explained by methodological issues. First, the exclusion of substance‐induced mental disorders in the previous study might have attenuated the cross‐sectional relationships between problem drinking and mental disorders. Furthermore, unlike the previous study in China, we have excluded non‐drinkers, some of whom may have abstained from alcohol because of old age or health reasons and thus may have poorer wellbeing and higher risk of disease outcomes due to reverse causality, as suggested in our sensitivity analyses. Another study of 15 628 Chinese participants reported an inverse association between baseline alcohol drinking and subsequent depression symptoms (OR = 0.6, 95% CI = 0.5--0.7) [32](#add14873-bib-0032){ref-type="ref"}. However, further investigation among drinkers suggested an increased risk of persistent depressive symptoms associated with alcohol withdrawal (OR = 2.2, 95% CI = 0.9--5.5). This suggests that the relationships between problem drinking and depression might only become apparent when investigated among regular drinkers, where potential reverse causality by sick non‐starters is avoided. Our findings suggested that the associations between problem drinking and poor wellbeing might be more pronounced among urban drinkers, which may be related to the more serious types of drinking problem (e.g. unable to work) experienced among urban problem drinkers. In addition, we showed that negative emotions after drinking and having shakes when stopping drinking were most strongly associated with poor wellbeing, which may be explained by the higher severity of problem drinking (i.e. number of other problem drinking indicators) involved. For long‐term health outcomes, our findings were generally consistent with previous studies world‐wide [15](#add14873-bib-0015){ref-type="ref"}, [16](#add14873-bib-0016){ref-type="ref"}, [57](#add14873-bib-0057){ref-type="ref"}, [58](#add14873-bib-0058){ref-type="ref"}, [59](#add14873-bib-0059){ref-type="ref"}, including a meta‐analysis which reported a risk ratio (RR) for all‐cause mortality of 1.91 (95% CI = 1.51--2.42), comparing men with and without AUD [15](#add14873-bib-0015){ref-type="ref"}, and another meta‐analysis reporting a RR of 1.74 (95% CI = 1.26--2.21) for completed suicides [16](#add14873-bib-0016){ref-type="ref"}. As well as having shakes when stopping drinking and negative emotions after drinking, we found that morning drinking was also strongly associated with all‐cause mortality, which was due probably to the high alcohol consumption level among morning drinkers. In this study, the excess risk of all‐cause hospitalizations associated with problem drinking was modest, possibly diluted by non‐alcohol‐related conditions. Several possible mechanisms have been proposed to explain the pathway linking problem drinking and poor mental health, including the self‐medication theory (i.e. mental illness causes problem drinking); substance‐induced pathway (i.e. problem drinking causes mental illness via neurophysiological and/or psychosocial impacts); a reciprocal causal relationship (i.e. problem drinking and mental illness increases the risk of the other simultaneously); or causation by a common factor (i.e. the co‐occurrence of problem drinking and mental illness is explained by a third factor, e.g. genetics or environment) [4](#add14873-bib-0004){ref-type="ref"}, [55](#add14873-bib-0055){ref-type="ref"}. For health outcomes, the excess overall mortality risk may arise from the direct effects of alcohol misuse (e.g. high levels of intake, intoxication) and possible genetic predisposition to both problem drinking and adverse health outcomes (e.g. impulsive personality) [58](#add14873-bib-0058){ref-type="ref"}. The chief strengths of this study were the large sample size, the wide range of geographical areas covered and detailed data collected on drinking patterns and wellbeing‐related measures. However, the study has several limitations. First, CKB was not designed to be nationally representative and, given the overall response rate of \~30%, the present study may have underestimated the prevalence of problem drinking, as individuals with severe problem drinking may have been less likely to participate in the CKB. However, the associations of problem drinking with stressful life events, wellbeing and health outcomes are likely to be generalizable to the general population, given the large size and diversity of CKB. Secondly, the low prevalence of regular drinking among women precluded reliable exploration of associations in women. Thirdly, full clinical diagnostic standard assessment for AUD (i.e. DSM‐5) was not used. Nevertheless, the construct of alcohol‐related problems used in our assessment was comparable to the major domains of AUD diagnostic criteria (Supporting information, [Table S15](#add14873-supitem-0001){ref-type="supplementary-material"}). Furthermore, the heavy drinking patterns of problem drinkers and the similar prevalence of problem drinking reported here, as in a previous meta‐analysis on AUD prevalence in China [42](#add14873-bib-0042){ref-type="ref"}, suggested a high‐quality problem drinking assessment. Fourthly, the temporal order and causal relationship between problem drinking, stressful life events and wellbeing could not be established using cross‐sectional analyses, and detailed exploration of this is beyond the scope of this study. Lastly, although careful adjustment was made for potential confounders, uncontrolled residual confounding (e.g. parental history of alcohol misuse) might remain. In summary, this study showed that problem drinking was common among Chinese men, especially those with lower socio‐economic status. Problem drinking was associated with stressful life events, poor wellbeing and excess risks of overall mortality and accidents, injury and violence. Policy and public health actions are needed to tackle the issue of problem drinking in China, especially among men, to reduce the burden of harmful consequences. Declaration of interests {#add14873-sec-0017} ======================== None. Supporting information ====================== ###### **Figure S1** Alcohol drinking status and problem drinking categorisation of study sample among CKB men. **Figure S2.** Prevalence of problem drinking among male current regular drinkers, and of specific problem drinking indicators among problem drinkers, by age group. **Figure S3.** Prevalence of current regular drinking and problem drinking among all men. **Figure S4.** Prevalence of problem drinking among male current regular drinkers, and of specific problem drinking indicators among problem drinkers, by ten study regions. **Figure S5.** Prevalence of problem drinking among male current regular drinkers, and of specific problem drinking indicators among problem drinkers, by rural and urban areas. **Figure S6.** Cross‐sectional associations of problem drinking with wellbeing in male current regular drinkers, by rural and urban regions. **Figure S7.** Cross‐sectional associations of problem drinking (excluding negative emotions indicator from the definition of problem drinking) with wellbeing in male current regular drinkers. **Figure S8.** Prospective associations of problem drinking with all‐cause mortality, all hospitalisations and events due to all external causes in male current regular drinkers without prior chronic diseases, by rural and urban regions. **Figure S9.** Cross‐sectional associations of problem drinking with wellbeing‐related measures in men. **Figure S10.** Prospective associations of problem drinking with all‐cause mortality, all hospitalisations and events due to all external causes in men without prior chronic diseases. **Table S1** Definitions of main alcohol drinking categories, pattern and problem drinking. **Table S2** Details of main analytic models. **Table S3** Drinking characteristics by problem drinking status in male current regular drinkers, by rural--urban regions. **Table S4** Drinking characteristics by specific problem drinking indicators in male current regular drinkers. **Table S5** Cross‐sectional associations of stressful life events with problem drinking in male current regular drinkers, by rural and urban regions. **Table S6** Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) associated with an increase in the number of problem drinking indicators in men with at least one problem drinking indicator. **Table S7** Cross‐sectional associations of problem drinking with sleep problems in male current regular drinkers. **Table S8** Cross‐sectional associations of problem drinking indicators with wellbeing‐related measures in male current regular drinkers. **Table S9** Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) associated with per an increase in the number of problem drinking indicators in men with at least one problem drinking indicator. **Table S10** Prospective associations of problem drinking indicators with all‐cause mortality, all hospitalisations, and events due to external causes in male current regular drinkers. **Table S11** Cross‐sectional associations of stressful life events with problem drinking in male current regular drinkers in sequentially adjusted models. **Table S12** Cross‐sectional associations of problem drinking with wellbeing‐related measures in male current regular drinkers in sequentially adjusted models. **Table S13** Prospective associations of problem drinking with all‐cause mortality, all hospitalisations, and events due to external causes in male current regular drinkers in sequentially adjusted models. **Table S14** Baseline characteristics of men by alcohol drinking and problem drinking status. **Table S15** Comparison of problem drinking and AUD definitions in the China Kadoorie Biobank and commonly used screening tests and diagnostic criteria. ###### Click here for additional data file. The chief acknowledgment is to the participants, the project staff and the China National Centre for Disease Control and Prevention and its regional offices for access to death and disease registries. The Chinese National Health Insurance scheme provides electronic linkage to all hospital admission data. The CKB baseline survey and the first re‐survey were supported by the Kadoorie Charitable Foundation in Hong Kong. The long‐term follow‐up has been supported by the UK Wellcome Trust (grant numbers 202922/Z/16/Z, 104085/Z/14/Z, 088158/Z/09/Z) and grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant numbers 81390540, 81390541, 81390544) and from the National Key Research and Development Program of China (grant numbers 2016YFC0900500, 2016YFC0900501, 2016YFC0900504, 2016YFC1303904). The British Heart Foundation, UK Medical Research Council and Cancer Research provide core funding to the Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit at Oxford University for the project. The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish or preparation of the manuscript. The data sets used and analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. [^1]: Ling Yang and Zhengming Chen are joint senior authors.

Long Summer Light, Epic Landscapes, Wildlife Action! Southeast Alaska is a land of photo superlatives, from colorful sunrise to magical sunset, the endless opportunities in between will leave even the most seasoned photographer breathless. Every week as the Saltery “C” embarks on a new adventure with a fresh group, the trip script writes itself as we cruise deep into wilderness with no 2 trips being exactly the same in every way. Around every turn of the coastline, behind the next point of land, there is the potential for extraordinary photographic experiences that can’t always be planned, and often exceeds expectations. The excitement never ceases when the scenery changes constantly and wildlife action can appear at any moment! Because Classic Alaska Charters is an overnight charter service we are in no hurry to go anywhere other than where the photographic opportunities, the light, and wildlife, present themselves. Mountains Rise And Waterfalls Pour! Standing on the bow of the Saltery “C” you’ll marvel at the geologic landscape that has been created by volcano’s, heaved by tectonics, weathered by glaciers into sculpted valleys of rock granite walls thousands of feet vertical from saltwater! Waterfalls are gushing from the cliff sides everywhere you look, even more when it rains, and that’s often. Several places there’s chances to pull the boat up and under one of these waterfalls for a unique perspective or to just get wet with the purest water on the planet. The dramatic landscape provides amazing light and shadow shows along with the obvious awe inspiring panorama of a safe anchor spot. Kayaking, exploring a snow cave (early summer) and hiking, provide magnificent views and vistas throughout the day. At night, the stars come out and the sky beckons to night photographers eager to capture the Milky Way, a Blue Moon, or the Aurora Borealis, and perhaps even a meteor shower, typically in August. Some of these events ARE predictable, however, like any great photo shoot it all depends on the weather! Whales, Bald Eagles, And Bears! Humpback whales by the hundreds arrive in the Ketchikan area in early Spring bubble net feeding along the coastline, often breaching playfully, females with calves close to their side, larger groups coordinating their all day feeding frenzy. Just because we anchor up for the night doesn’t mean the photographic action is over either! Often whales come into the secluded coves we nestle the Saltery “C” in and give us a show. Killer whales are frequent visitors to the Southeast Alaska coastal waters too. Following the migrating salmon they forage and feast right up to river mouths in packs often as many as a dozen. Many an encounter with Orca’s (and humpback whales too!) offer jaw dropping once in a lifetime experiences. For professional photographers it could mean a pay day! Amateurs and the novice photographers with camera’s filling the digital albums would be the envy of their peers.Bald eagles are essentially everywhere and any given hour of any day Captain Rob can make a soaring, diving, swooping bald eagle photo shoot happen. There’s hundreds of species of other magnificent birds to photograph that inhabit the wilderness waters we ply. Pacific and red throated loons, marbeled murrelet, pigeon guillemot, rhinoceros auklet, common murre, are frequent sightings for seabirds. Shore, tidal, and upland birds include belted kingfisher, black bellied plover, harlequin duck, water dipper, hummingbirds, thrushes and swallows. Of course, the list goes on… For serious birders we can supply a complete check list upon your arrival to keep track of your amazing sightings. Bears! Black and brown bear are plentiful in the remote wilderness areas of Misty Fiords National Monument Wilderness Area with sightings of them nearly every week. For some serious bear photography Captain Rob can make it happen. Along with the bears wandering the tideflats and estuaries, there’s the Alexander Archipelago Wolves that have emerged from the old growth forest more frequently the last few years. Sitka black tailed deer, harbor seals, and Dall porpoise round out the most frequent cooperating subjects.

Scott Russell Aqueduct The Scott Russell Aqueduct is an aqueduct carrying the Union Canal over the Edinburgh City Bypass, west of Edinburgh, Scotland. History The aqueduct was opened in May 1987 to carry the canal over the new Edinburgh City Bypass. This required a great deal of faith in the future of the canal, which culminated with the Millennium Link project when the Union Canal was connected with the Forth and Clyde Canal to form a coast to coast link. One proposal had been to not build an aqueduct to carry the canal across the new road, but instead build a marina to the west of the bypass. It was named after the Scottish naval engineer John Scott Russell in a ceremony on 12 July 1995, who had discovered the soliton or solitary wave near Bridge 11 on the Union Canal in 1834. Russell had observed a bow wave continue to travel forward at a speed of when a boat stopped moving, and called it the "wave of translation." Design The aqueduct is the width of a single canal boat, and crosses the Bypass at a slight angle. It has five spans supported on three piers. References External links Category:Navigable aqueducts in Scotland Category:Bridges in Edinburgh Category:Bridges completed in 1987 Category:1987 establishments in Scotland

Q: C++ - "Most important const" doesn't work with expressions? According to Herb Sutter's article http://herbsutter.com/2008/01/01/gotw-88-a-candidate-for-the-most-important-const/, the following code is correct: #include <iostream> #include <vector> using namespace std; vector<vector<int>> f() { return {{1},{2},{3},{4},{5}}; } int main() { const auto& v = f(); cout << v[3][0] << endl; } i.e. the lifetime of v is extended to the lifetime of the v const reference. And indeed this compiles fine with gcc and clang and runs without leaks according to valgrind. However, when I change the main function thusly: int main() { const auto& v = f()[3]; cout << v[0] << endl; } it still compiles but valgrind warns me of invalid reads in the second line of the function due to the fact that the memory was free'd in the first line. Is this standard compliant behaviour or could this be a bug in both g++ (4.7.2) and clang (3.5.0-1~exp1)? If it is standard compliant, it seems pretty weird to me... oh well. A: There's no bug here except in your code. The first example works because, when you bind the result of f() to v, you extend the lifetime of that result. In the second example you don't bind the result of f() to anything, so its lifetime is not extended. Binding to a subobject of it would count: [C++11: 12.2/5]: The second context is when a reference is bound to a temporary. The temporary to which the reference is bound or the temporary that is the complete object of a subobject to which the reference is bound persists for the lifetime of the reference except: [..] …but you're not doing that: you're binding to the result of calling a member function (e.g. operator[]) on the object, and that result is not a data member of the vector! (Notably, if you had an std::array rather than an std::vector, then the code† would be absolutely fine as array data is stored locally, so elements are subobjects.) So, you have a dangling reference to a logical element of the original result of f() which has long gone out of scope. † Sorry for the horrid initializers but, well, blame C++.

# Warning flags for C and C++: COMMON_FLAGS += -Wall -Wextra -pedantic -Werror COMMON_FLAGS += -Wmissing-declarations -g #COMMON_FLAGS += -Weverything CFLAGS += ${COMMON_FLAGS} CPPFLAGS += ${COMMON_FLAGS} # These warnings are not valid for C++: CFLAGS += -Wmissing-prototypes CFLAGS += -Wstrict-prototypes PROGRAMS_C= example example_no_suite example_no_runner \ example_shuffle example_trunc PROGRAMS_CPP= example_cpp # Uncomment to demo c99 parametric testing. #CFLAGS += -std=c99 # Uncomment to disable setjmp()/longjmp(). #CFLAGS += -DGREATEST_USE_LONGJMP=0 # Uncomment to disable clock() / time.h. #CFLAGS += -DGREATEST_USE_TIME=0 all: all_c all_c: ${PROGRAMS_C} all_cpp: ${PROGRAMS_CPP} example: example.o example_suite.o example_no_suite: example_no_suite.o example_no_runner: example_no_runner.o example_shuffle: example_shuffle.o example_cpp: example_cpp.cpp ${CXX} -o $@ example_cpp.cpp ${CPPFLAGS} ${LDFLAGS} %.o: %.c ${CC} -c -o $@ ${CFLAGS} $< %: %.o ${CC} -o $@ ${LDFLAGS} $^ *.o: Makefile *.o: greatest.h clean: rm -f ${PROGRAMS_C} ${PROGRAMS_CPP} *.o *.core

Danish: Et sted ind imellem Afsnit 3 - bagefter ADVARSEL: Denne video indeholder stærkt følelsesmæssige og ubehagelige scener som kan virke suggestiv for depressive!!!! Vil du måskeske fortælle mig noget? Eller havd skal det her betyde? Jeg... Er det min min kjole? Ja. Tag den af. Nu! Hør lige, jeg ville..... Hvad ville du fortælle? At jeg skal til at være lesbisk nu? Eller hvad? Du forstår det ikke. Jeg kan ikke forklare dig det. Alex, du er bare ækel! Du er åndsvag, det er bare sygt det her!! English: Somewhere In Between Episode 3 - After TRIGGER WARNING: This video may be unsettling for viewers with depressive thoughts. Do you want to tell me something? Or, uh, what is that supposed to mean? I... Is this my dress?? Yes. Take it off now! Look, I wanted to... What did you want to tell me? That I should be into women, or what? You don't understand that. I can't explain it to you. Alex, you're disgusting! You're mad, that's just sick!! Polish: GDZIEŚ POMIĘDZY Odcinek 3 - Potem Chcesz mi coś powiedzieć? Albo, co to w ogóle ma znaczyć? Ja... To moja sukienka? Tak. Zdejmuj ją! Słuchaj, chciałem... Co chcesz mi powiedzieć? Że powinnam przerzucić się na kobiety czy co? Nie zrozumiesz. Nie mogę ci wyjaśnić. Alex, jesteś obrzydliwy. Jesteś szalony, to chore. Bengali: এর মাঝে কোথাও * ট্রিগার সতর্কতা *: ট্রান্সফোবিয়া পর্ব 3 - এরপরে ট্রিগার সতর্কতা: এই ভিডিওটি হতাশাজনক চিন্তার অধিকারী লোকদের জন্য উদ্বেগজনক হতে পারে। তুমি আমাকে কিছু বলতে চাও? বা, আহ, এর অর্থ কী? আমি ... এটা কি আমার পোশাক? হ্যাঁ। তাড়াতাড়ি খুলে ফেল! দেখো, আমি তোমাকে চেয়েছিলাম ... তুমি আমাকে কী বলতে চাইলে? যে আমার এখন মহিলাদের পছন্দ করা উচিত বা কি? আপনি এটা বুঝতে পারছেন না। আমি আপনাকে এটি ব্যাখ্যা করতে পারি না। অ্যালেক্স, তুমি ঘৃণ্য! তুমি পাগল, এটাই অসুস্থ !! Turkish: Arada Bir Yerde Üçüncü Kısım: Ya Sonra UYARI: Bu video depresif bozukluğu olan kişiler için tetikleyici olabilir. Bir açıklaman var mı? Yani bu ne demek oluyor şimdi? Ben... O benim elbisem mi? Evet. Çıkar şunu! Bak, istedim ki... Ne demek şimdi bu? Kadınlardan mı hoşlanayım yani? Ne bu? Anlamıyorsun. Sana açıklayamam. Alex, midemi bulandırıyorsun! Delirmişsin. Hastasın sen! Esperanto: Ie Intere *AVERTO*: kontraŭ transseksuloj fiagado Epizodo 3 - Poste AVERTO: ĉi-tiu filmeto povas aflikti depresiohavajn homojn. Ĉu vi eble havas ion por diri min? Aŭ -- kion signifas tio? Mi ... Estas mia robo?? Jes. Tuj malvestu ĝin! Mi volis-- ...diri kion? Ke mi virinojn emu? Vi ne komprenas. Mi malpovas ekspliki. Aleks', vi estas naŭziga! Vi frenezas, estas tute malsanaĉ'! Portuguese: Algures no meio *ADVERTÊNCIA*: Transfóbia Episódio 3 - Depois AVISO: este vídeo pode ser desconcertante para pessoas deprimidas. Tem alguma coisa a me dizer? Ou - o que significa isso? Eu ... Isso é meu vestido?? É. Tire-o em seguida! Eu quis di-- ...dizer-me o quê? Que quer que eu goste de mulheres? Não entende. Não posso lhe explicar. Alex, é nojento! Está louco, fica doentio. German: Irgendwo Dazwischen *TRIGGERWARNUNG*: Transphobie Folge 3 - Danach TRIGGERWARNUNG: Dieses Video kann für Menschen mit depressiven Gedanken verunsichernd sein. Willst du mir vielleicht irgendetwas sagen? Oder, öh, was hat das zu bedeuten? Ich... Ist das mein Kleid?? Ja. Zieh das sofort aus! Guck mal, ich wollte dir... Was wolltest du mir sagen? Dass ich jetzt auf Frauen stehen soll, oder was? Du verstehst das nicht. Ich kann es dir nicht erklären. Alex, du bist ekelhaft! Du spinnst doch, das ist einfach nur krank!! English: What's wrong with you?? Sick pig! Why?? Polish: Co jest z tobą nie tak? Chora świnia. Dlaczego? German: Was ist falsch mit dir?? Krankes Schwein! Warum?? Esperanto: Kio eraras pri mi? Malsana perversulo! Pro kio?? Bengali: তোমার কি হয়েছে? অসুস্থ শূকর! কেন ?? Danish: Hvad er der forkert med dig?? Sygt svin!! Hvorfor?? Turkish: Problemin ne senin? Pis domuz! Neden? Portuguese: O que há de errado comigo?? Pervertido! Porque?? Esperanto: Pri tio li ne povas esti serioza! Li frenezegas. Vestinta miajn vestojn! Fek. Polish: On nie jest poważny. Musi być chory. On w moich ciuchach. Cholera. Danish: Det kan da ikke være hans alvor nu. Han er tosset. Ham i mit tøj. Shit. Bengali: এটা এখন গুরুতর হতে পারে না। এটি ঘুরছে। আমার জামার মধ্যে একটি। ধুর। Turkish: Benimle resmen taşak geçti Kafayı sıyırmış. O... Benim kıyafetlerimle... Hay sikeyim. English: He can't be serious. He must be mad. Him in my clothes. Shit. German: Das kann doch jetzt nicht sein Ernst sein. Der spinnt doch. Der in meinen Klamotten. Scheiße. Portuguese: Ele não pode estar a sério. Deve estar louco. Vestindo minha roupa... Merda. English: What a pretty dress you're wearing, huh? Let me see what's underneath, come on. - Hey, come on, don't be like that. It's only fun! - Just let me be! - It's only fun. I only make some petting and so. Come on! Shit! Fuck! Shit! German: Was hast du denn für ein hübsches Kleidchen an, hä? Lass mal gucken, was du da drunter hast, na komm. - Hey, komm, hab dich nicht so. Ist doch nur Spaß! - Lass mich doch in Ruhe! - Ist doch nur Spaß. Ich mach doch nur ein bisschen fummeln und so. Komm schon! Scheiße! Fuck! Scheiße! Polish: Jaka śliczna sukienka. Pokaż coś masz pod nią, no dalej. - Dalej, nie bądź taka. Zabaw się. - Zostaw mnie. - Zabaw się trochę. Popieszczę cię trochę. Nie daj się prosić. Cholera. Kurwa, ja pierdole. Bengali: তুমি কি সুন্দর পোষাক পরছ, হাহ? আসুন দেখি আপনার নীচে কী আছে, আসুন। - আরে এসো, এমন হয়ো না। এটা ঠিক মজা! - আমাকে একা ছেড়ে দাও! - এটা ঠিক মজা। আমি কেবল কিছুটা ফিডিং এবং স্টাফ করছি। আসুন ধুর! ফাক! ধুর! Turkish: O elbisen ne kadar güzel öyle. Hadi aç göster bakalım içindekileri, hadi. - E hadi ama direnme. Eğleniyoruz şurada. - Bıraksana beni! - Hadi ama karşı koyma. Sikip gidicem işte hadi uzatma Siktir! Sikeyim böyle işi. Danish: Hvad er det da for en sød kjole du har på? Lad se hvad der er nedenunder, kom så. - Kom nu, ikke være så sur. Det er kun for sjov! - Lad mig være! - det er da kun for sjov. Jeg vil da kun pille lidt og sådan noget. Kom nu! Shit! Fuck! Shit! Esperanto: Kian beletan robeton vi surhavas... Lasu min rigardi, kion vi subhavas. - Hej, ne tiom rifuzu. Estas nur amuzaĵo. - Lasu min en paco! - Amuzeto. Nur tuŝetadon. Ekpermesu! Fek. Aĉ. Fek. Portuguese: Que vestido lindo.... Vamos, deixa ver o que tem embaixo. - Não seja cabra. - Deixe-me em paz! - É só brinquinho. Quero é só brincar um pouco. Vamos. Merda! Droga! Merda! German: Oh scheiße! So ne dumme Fotze! Verpiss dich! Alex? Also was geht mit dir? Mann, verpisst euch, Mann! Hey, ich wusste ja gar nicht, dass deine Freundin jetzt auf Frauen steht. Mach mal ein Foto! Nah, ey, jetzt lach mal ein bisschen! Süß! Mann, haut doch ab! Lach mal, lach mal! Seid ihr bescheuert! Weiß Pina schon von ihrem Glück? - Ihr tragt ja schon eure Klamotten! - Verpisst euch! Komm, wir gehen. Polish: O cholera. Co za... pieprzony gnojek. Spierdalaj. Alex? Co z tobą? Stary, odwal się. Hej, nie wiedziałem, że twoja dziewczyna przerzuciła się na kobiety. Rób zdjęcie! Nah, uśmiechnij się trochę. Uroczo. Spierdalajcie! Uśmiech. Głupi jesteś. Pina wie, że ma szczęście? - Nosisz już jej ubrania. - Spierdalaj. Chodź, idziemy. Turkish: Kahretsin! İbneye bak Amına koyayım. Ha siktir lan! Alex? Ne oldu lan sana? Siktir git lan düdük! Kız arkadaşının kızlardan hoşlandığını bilmiyordum. Fotoğrafını çeksene. Hey, gülsene biraz. Tatlısın. Defol gidin lan. Gülümse hadi. Malsınız ikiniz de Pina'nın haberi var mı bundan? - Ama zaten aynı elbiseleri giyiyorsunuz artık! - Hadi ikileyin be. Gidelim hadi. English: Oh shit! Such a stupid cunt! Piss off! Alex? What's up with you? Man, piss off, man! Hey, I didn't know that your girlfriend is into women now. Take a photo! Nah, ey, now smile a bit! Cute! Man, just fuck off! Smile, smile! You are stupid! Does Pina already know of her luck? - You're already wearing each other's clothes. - Piss off! Come, let's go. Danish: Oh shit! Sådan en dum fisse! Pis af med dig! Alex? Hvad sker der lige med dig? Pis af med jer, for fanden. Vidste ikke at din kæreste er til kvinder nu. Lav et billed! Smil nu lidt til os! Så sød! For fanden, forsvind med jer! Smil lidt, smil lidt! Er i gået fra forstanden! Har du fortalt Pina om hendes lykke? - I bærer også jeres tøj! - Pis af med jer! Kom, vi går. Bengali: ওরে ছিঃ! তাই না বোকা কান্ট! প্রস্রাব বন্ধ! অ্যালেক্স? তাহলে তোমার কি হচ্ছে? মানুষ, প্রস্রাব বন্ধ, মানুষ! আরে, আমি জানতাম না তোমার বান্ধবী এখন মহিলাদের মধ্যে into ছবি তোলা! নাহ, এই, এবার একটু হাসি! খুব সুন্দর! মানুষ, পালাও! হাসি, হাসি! তুমি কি বোকা! পিনা কি তার ভাগ্য সম্পর্কে ইতিমধ্যে জানে? - আপনি ইতিমধ্যে আপনার পোশাক পরেন! - প্রস্রাব বন্ধ! আসুন, চলুন। Portuguese: Merda, isso. Filha da puta. Vai te foder. Alex? Que passa contigo? Saiam. Nem sabia que tua namorada gosta de mulheres. Tira uma foto! - Nem, que ri um pouco. Meigo. - Que saiam daqui! - Sorridinho! - Estão loucos? - Pina já sabe desta sorte? - Vocês já compartilhando a roupa... - Vão se foder! - Vamos, saiamos. Esperanto: Fek. Fia virinaĉo! Foriĝu! Aleks'? Kio okazas pri vi? - Ke foriru. - Mi ne sciis ke via koramikino nun virinojn emas. Faru foton! Nu, vi iom ekridu. Ĉarme! - Ke foriru! - Ekridu, ridu! - Vi frenezegas? - Pina jam scias je sia bonŝanco? - Eĉ vestantaj la robojn de la alia. - Foriĝu! - Ni foriru. Turkish: Philipp Marzo zaman tünelinde bir fotoğraf paylaştı. Siktir ya! English: Philipp Marzo has posted a photo in your timeline. Oh shit! Bengali: ফিলিপ মারজো আপনার ক্রনিকলে একটি ফটো পোস্ট করেছেন। ওরে ছিঃ! Portuguese: [Phillipp Marzo pôs uma foto na tua crônica.] Que merda! Polish: Philipp Marzo dodał post na twojej osi czasu. Cholera. Esperanto: [Filipo Martso aldonis foton al via kroniko.] Fek! German: Phillipp Marzo hat ein Foto in deine Chronik gepostet. Oh, scheiße! Danish: Phillipp Marzo har postet et billed i din tidslinje. Oh, shit! Polish: Samobójstwo nie jest rozwiązaniem. Jeśli jesteś zdesperowany, porozmawiaj o tym z przyjaciółmi i rodziną. W wielu krajach istnieją również bezpłatne infolinie, którym możesz zaufać w razie potrzeby. Rozmowa może uratować życie. Portuguese: Não é solução suicidar-se. Se você fica desesperado, fale sobre isso com amigos e parentes. Em muitos países tem linhas gratuitas que você pode chamar, quando precisar. Falar pode salvar. Bengali: আত্মহত্যা কোনও সমাধান নয়। আপনি যদি মরিয়া হয়ে থাকেন তবে বন্ধুরা এবং পরিবারের সাথে এটি সম্পর্কে কথা বলুন। অনেক দেশে ফ্রি হটলাইনগুলিও রয়েছে যা আপনি প্রয়োজনের ক্ষেত্রে বিশ্বাস করতে পারেন। কথা বলা বাঁচাতে পারে। Esperanto: Sinmortigo ne estas solvo. Se vi malesperas, ekparolu kun amikoj kaj familianoj. En multaj landoj estas senpagendaj telefonnumeroj, kiujn vi povas alvoki helpbezonante. Parolado povas savi. Danish: Selvmord er ingen løsning. Er du fortvivlet, så snak med venner og familie om det. I mange lande er der gratis rådgivnings telefoner du kan ringe til og få råd og hjælp. At snakke kan redde liv! Danske undertekster: Michael W. English: Suicide is not a solution. If you are desperate, then talk to friends and family members about it. In many countries there are also free hotlines you can confide in when in need. Talking can save lives. Subtitles: Lukas G. German: Selbstmord ist keine Lösung. Wenn du verzweifelt bist, dann sprich mit Freunden und Familienmitgliedern darüber. In vielen Ländern gibt es außerdem kostenlose Hotlines, denen du dich in der Not anvertrauen kannst. Reden kann retten. Untertitel: Lukas G. Turkish: İntihar çözüm değildir. Eğer çaresiz hissediyorsanız, arkadaşlarınızla ya da ailenizle iletişime geçin. Birçok ülkede ayrıca acil yardım hatları da ihtiyaç duyulduğunda hizmet vermekte. Konuşmak hayat kurtarır!

Teaching Hiatus Hi folks! I've relocated to southern California and am actively taking time off from teaching yoga. Check back soon (or scroll down and add yourself to my email list) to see when I'll be back in New Jersey teaching, and when I'll be starting up a California schedule. Thanks!

Bone mineral is basically calcium phosphate, and both elements (Ca and P) are required for bone acquisition. Typical Ca intakes in the U.S. are lower than current recommendations, and typical P intakes, higher. Thus attention has been focused mainly on increasing Ca intake, by supplementation and food fortification. The salt most commonly used for these purposes is calcium carbonate. But while the average P intake tends to be adequate or generous, nevertheless substantial proportions of older women ingest less than 70% of the RDA for phosphorus on any given day, and hence may be said to be at risk for P deficiency. When these women are given a combination of anabolic therapy and supplemental Ca (as the carbonate), the added Ca may uncover and aggravate the latent P deficiency. This is both because Ca binds phosphate in the gut and reduces its absorption (thereby effectively lowering the P intake still further) and because the induced bone anabolism will itself consume phosphorus, as a result of which absorbed phosphorus may not be sufficient to support the increase in bone mineral mass made possible by this therapy. To test the possible importance and value of supplementing both of the components of bone mineral in support of anabolic therapy of osteoporosis, we propose a 1-year randomized trial, comparing, in two groups of teriparatide-treated postmenopausal osteoporotic women, calcium supplements with and without extra phosphorus (i.e., Ca phosphate vs. Ca carbonate). The principal outcome measure will be change in bone mineral content over the one year of the trial. A secondary outcome is measurement of bone resorption biomarkers so as to assess whether the phosphate salt elevates remodeling relative to the carbonate salt. A finding of superiority of the phosphate-containing cost-neutral change in Ca sources and a corresponding osteoporosis prophylaxis as well). PERFORMANCESITE(S) _an_a_n, ci_,s_ Creighton University Medical Center Osteoporosis Research Center 601N. 30th Street Omaha, NE 68131 KEY PERSONNEL. See instructions. Use continuation pages as needed Start with Pdncipal Investigator. List all other key personnel in alphabetical Name O_anization to provide the required order, last name first. Robert P. Heaney, M.D. Creighton University Robert R. Recker, M.D. Creighton University Creighton University Ca supplement would provide evidence leading to a improvement in osteoporosis co-therapy (and possibly information in the format shown below. RoleonP_e_ Principal Investigator Co-investigator Co-investigator Joan M. Lappe, Ph.D. Disclosure Permission Statement. Applicable to SBIPJSTTR Only, See instructions. [] Yes [] No PHS 398 (Rev. 05/01 ) Page _2 Form Page 2 Principal Investigator/Program Director (Last, first, middle): Heaney, Robert P. The name of the principal investigator/program director must be provided at the top of each printed page and each continuation page, RESEARCH GRANT TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Numbers Face Page .................................................................................................................................................. 1 Description,

CREATE TABLE pbAaDistS ( x float default NULL, y float default NULL ) TYPE=MyISAM;

Ptarmigan Peak (Alberta) Ptarmigan Peak is a peak located beside Pika Peak in Banff National Park, Alberta, Canada. The mountain was named in 1909 by J.W.A. Hickson after he found several ptarmigan in the meadows below the peak. Hickson also made the first ascent guided by Edward Feuz jr. The Lake Louise Mountain Resort is developed on the southern slopes of the Merlin Ridge, which includes Mount Richardson, Ptarmigan Peak, Pika Peak. A backcountry campground is located at the foot of the mountain, near Hidden Lake. Routes The scrambling route is via southern slopes starting from Hidden Lake. Geology Like other mountains in Banff Park, the mountain is composed of sedimentary rock laid down during the Precambrian to Jurassic periods. Formed in shallow seas, this sedimentary rock was pushed east and over the top of younger rock during the Laramide orogeny. Climate Based on the Köppen climate classification, Ptarmigan Peak is located in a subarctic climate zone with cold, snowy winters, and mild summers. Temperatures can drop below -20 °C with wind chill factors below -30 °C. See also Geography of Alberta References External links National Park Service web site: Banff National Park Category:Mountains of Alberta Category:Mountains of Banff National Park

Transposition of the Streptococcus lactis ssp. lactis Z270 lactose plasmid to pVA797: demonstration of an insertion sequence and its relationship to an inverted repeat sequence isolated by self-annealing. The lactose plasmid pUCL22 of the single plasmid strain Streptococcus lactis ssp. lactis Z270 was demonstrated to fuse with the heterologous conjugative plasmid pVA797. The fusion of pUCL22 with pVA797 occurred by recombination between a specific sequence of pUCL22 and different sites of pVA797. The cointegrates of pUCL22::pVA797 were unstable: in the absence of lactose selection, they segregated plasmids that corresponded to pVA797 enlarged by one sequence of 1.2 kb, common to all derivative plasmids. This resolution sequence (RS) was shown to originate in the 9.7 kb BstEII restriction fragment of pUCL22 and to duplicate during replicon fusion. In addition, after nuclease S1 treatment of pUCL22 DNA, a self-annealing sequence was isolated; the two copies of this inverted repeat (IR) sequence were located on the 18 kb BamHI segment of the plasmid. This latter sequence was distinct from the RS with which it hybridized weakly. The RS was responsible for the transposition of the entire lactose plasmid; the role of the IR remains to be elucidated.

BURN! Is This Instagram Post Tomi Lahren’s Response To Glenn Beck!? Tomi Lahren has just reminded us all just how old she really is…wait, let me take a selfie! The former host of “Tomi,” who was just last week hit with an attention grabbing ban from TheBlaze network, is looking to be as subtle as possible about her situation… Well, maybe not. Rather than laying low for a while, she has instead moved towards her own spotlight and may have found more fans by posting to her Instagram, which many are taking as a message to her former company and her boss, Glenn Beck. The post of course would not be a real one without a bit of narcissism and that annoyingly dumb duck-face pout that millennials have taken a liking to. Tomi is wearing a ball cap, sports top and what looks to be all around active-wear. The caption to her post reads “Never Let Bullshit Weigh You Down.” …Uh. You showed them…I guess. Since when was it the world’s job to discern what a snarky, narcissistic millennial’s word vomit, social media post means? She was released by her employer and I don’t hear whispers of wrongful termination, do you? She knows this. That’s the other side of being an adult and working for an employer – you can get fired. I wish Lahren the best in her next role, but really, I never watched her show to begin with. Once I heard the bomb chucking bits she was known for, I peaced out. I have enough angry teenagers in my life already. I don’t need another screeching at me about an issue that will never be solved… Presently, she is caught up in negotiations with her former employer’s over her Facebook page. Tomi Lahren has a healthy amount of fans that range in the millions and that’s just on her Facebook page. Well, maybe not “her” Facebook page. Sources acquainted with the dialogue between Tomi and TheBlaze brass tell us she’s serious about keeping her 4.2 million FB fans, but the company owns the page and is not giving it up. by Sir John Hawkins John Hawkins's book 101 Things All Young Adults Should Know is filled with lessons that newly minted adults need in order to get the most out of life. Gleaned from a lifetime of trial, error, and writing it down, Hawkins provides advice everyone can benefit from in short, digestible chapters. McIntosh Leave a Comment We have no tolerance for comments containing violence, racism, profanity, vulgarity, doxing, or discourteous behavior. If a comment is spam, instead of replying to it please hover over that comment, click the ∨ icon, and mark it as spam. Thank you for partnering with us to maintain fruitful conversation.

"The Hovitos are near." "The poison is still fresh." "Three days." "They're following us." "If they knew we were here, they would have killed us already." "This is it." "This is where Forrestal cashed in." " A friend of yours?" " A competitor." "He was good." " He was very, very good." " Señor, nobody's come out alive." "Please." "Señor..." "Stop." "Stay out of the light." "Forrestal." "Let us hurry." "There is nothing to fear here." "That's what scares me." " Stay here." " If you insist, señor." " Give me the whip." " Throw me the idol." "No time to argue." "Throw the idol, I throw the whip." " Give me the whip!" " Adiós, señor." "Adiós." "Dr Jones, there is nothing you can possess which I cannot take away." "And you thought I had given up." "You chose the wrong friends." "This time it will cost you." "Too bad the Hovitos don't know you the way I do, Belloq." "Yes, too bad." "You could warn them, if only you spoke Hovitos." "Jock!" "Start the engines!" "Get it up!" "Jock, the engines!" "Start the engines, Jock!" "There's a big snake in the plane, Jock!" "That's just my pet snake, Reggie." "I hate snakes, Jock." "I hate them!" "Come on, show a little backbone, will you!" ""Neo", meaning "new", and "lithic"," "L-I-T-H-I-C, meaning "stone"." "Let's get back to Turkdean barrow near Hazelton." "It contains a central passage and three chambers, or cists..." "Don't confuse that with robbing, which means the removal of the barrow's contents." "This site also demonstrates... one of the great dangers of archaeology, not to life and limb, though that does happen too..." "No, I'm talking about folklore." "Local tradition held that there was a golden coffin buried at the site." "This accounts for the holes dug all over and the poor condition of the find." "However, chamber 3 was undisturbed." "The undisturbed chamber and the grave goods found in the area give us reason to date this find as we have." "Any questions, then?" "No, OK." "That's it for the day, then." "Don't forget Michaelson, chapters four and five for next time." "I will be in my office on Thursday, but not Wednesday." "I had it, Marcus." "I had it in my hand." " What happened?" " Guess." " Belloq?" " Want to hear about it?" "No." "I'm sure everything you do for the museum conforms to the Treaty for the Protection of Antiquities." "It's beautiful." "I can get it." "He can only sell it in Marrakech." "I need $2,000." "Listen, old boy, I've brought some people to see you." " I've got these pieces." "Good pieces." " Indiana..." "The museum will buy them, as usual." "Yes, they are nice." " Worth a ticket to Marrakech." " The people are waiting." " What people?" " Army Intelligence." "They knew you were coming." "They know everything." " I don't know what they want." " Why should I see them?" "Am I in trouble?" "Dr Jones, we've heard a great deal about you." "Professor of Archaeology, expert on the occult, and - how does one say it?" " obtainer of rare antiquities." "That's one way of saying it." "Why don't you sit down?" "Yes, you're a man of many talents." "You studied under Professor Ravenwood in Chicago?" " Yes, I did." " You've no idea of his whereabouts?" "Just rumours really." "Somewhere in Asia, I think." "I haven't spoken to him for ten years." "We were friends, but had a bit of a falling out, I'm afraid." "Dr Jones, you must understand that this is all strictly confidential." "I understand." "Yesterday, our European sections intercepted a German communiqué that was sent from Cairo to Berlin." "The Nazis have teams of archaeologists running around the world looking for religious artefacts." "Hitler's a nut on the subject, crazy." "He's obsessed with the occult." "There's a German archaeological dig going on in the desert outside Cairo." "We've got some information, but we can't decipher it." "Maybe you can." ""Tanis development proceeding." "Acquire headpiece, Staff of Ra." ""Abner Ravenwood, US."" "The Nazis have discovered Tanis." "What does Tanis mean to you?" "It's a possible resting place of the Lost Ark." "The Ark of the Covenant." "The chest the Hebrews carried the Ten Commandments in." " The Ten Commandments?" " The actual Commandments." "The tablets Moses brought down from Mount Horeb and smashed, if you believe in that sort of thing." "Ever go to Sunday school?" "The Hebrews put the broken pieces in the Ark." "When they settled in Canaan," " they put it in the Temple of Solomon." " In Jerusalem." "Where it stayed for many years, until, whoosh, it's gone." " Where?" " Nobody knows where or when." "An Egyptian Pharaoh, Shishak, invaded Jerusalem about 980 BC, and may have taken the Ark to the city of Tanis and hidden it in a secret chamber called the Well of Souls." "About a year after the Pharaoh returned to Egypt, the city of Tanis was consumed by the desert in a year-long sandstorm." "Wiped clean by the wrath of God." "Obviously we've come to the right men." "You seem to know all about Tanis." "Not really." "Ravenwood is the real expert." "Abner did the first serious work on Tanis." "Collected some of its relics." "It was his obsession." "But he never found the city." "Frankly, we're somewhat suspicious of Mr Ravenwood, being mentioned so prominently in a secret Nazi cable." " Rubbish." "Ravenwood's no Nazi." " Why do they want him, then?" "They want the Staff of Ra headpiece and they think Abner's got it." "What is the Staff of Ra headpiece?" "The Staff is just a stick about this big, nobody knows for sure how high." "It's capped with an elaborate headpiece in the shape of the sun, with a central crystal." "You'd take the Staff to a map room with a miniature of the city on the floor." "If you put the Staff in a certain place at a certain time, the sun shone through here and made a beam on the floor, giving the location of the Well of Souls." " Where the Ark was kept." " Which is what the Nazis are seeking." "What does this Ark look like?" "There's a picture of it right here." "That's it." " Good God!" " That's what the Hebrews thought." "What's that coming out of there?" "Lightning." "Fire." "The power of God or something." "I'm beginning to understand Hitler's interest in this." "The Bible speaks of the Ark laying waste to entire regions." "An army which carries the Ark before it is invincible." "You did it, didn't you?" " They want you to go for it." " Oh, Marcus!" "They want you to get the Ark before the Nazis do and they'll pay handsomely." "And the museum gets the Ark when we're finished?" " The Ark of the Covenant..." " Nothing else has come close." "It represents everything we got into archaeology for." "Five years ago, I would've gone after it myself." "I'm rather envious." "I've got to locate Abner." "I think I know where to start." " Suppose she'll still be with him?" " Possibly." "Marion's the least of your worries, believe me, Indy." "What do you mean?" "For nearly three thousand years, Man has been searching for the lost Ark." "Not something to be taken lightly." "No one knows its secrets." "It's like nothing you've ever gone after before." "Are you trying to scare me?" "You sound like my mother." "We've known each other for a long time." "I don't believe in hocus-pocus." "I'm after a find of historical significance, you're talking about the boogieman." "Besides, you know what a cautious fellow I am." "Nice to see you again, Dr Jones." "Hello, Marion." "Indiana Jones." "Always knew someday you'd walk back through my door." "I never doubted that." "Something made it inevitable." "What are you doing here in Nepal?" "I need a piece your father collected." "I learned to hate you in the last ten years." " I never meant to hurt you." " I was a child in love." "It was wrong." " You knew what you were doing." " Now I do." "This is my place." "Get out!" "You needn't be happy about what I did, but maybe we can help each other now." "I need one of the pieces your father collected." "Bronze piece, about this size." " Know the one I mean?" " Yeah, I know it." "Where's Abner?" "Abner's dead." " Marion, I'm sorry." " Do you know what you did to my life?" " I can only say sorry so many times." " Say it again anyway." " Sorry." " Yeah, everybody's sorry." "Abner was sorry for taking me to look for his junk," "I'm sorry to still be stuck in this dive." "Everybody's sorry for something." "It's a worthless bronze medallion." "Are you going to give it to me?" " I don't know where it is." " Maybe you could find it." "3,000 bucks." "Well, that will get me back, but not in style." "I can get you another two in the States." "It's important." "Trust me." "You know the piece I mean?" "You know where it is?" " Come back tomorrow." " Why?" "Because I said so, that's why." "See you tomorrow, Indiana Jones." " Good evening, Fräulein." " The bar's closed." "We are not thirsty." " What do you want?" " The same thing Dr Jones wanted." "Surely he told you there'd be other interested parties?" "It must've slipped his mind." "The man is nefarious." "I hope, for your sake, he has not yet acquired it." " Why?" "Are you willing to offer more?" " Almost certainly." "Do you still have it?" "No, but I know where it is." "How about a drink?" "Your fire is dying here." "Why don't you tell me where the piece is right now?" "Listen, Herr Mac, I don't know who you're used to dealing with, but nobody tells me what to do in my place." "Let me show you what I am used to." "Take your hands off me!" "Take your lousy hands off!" "Wait!" "I can be reasonable." " That time is past." " You don't need that." "Wait." "I'll tell you everything." "Yes, I know you will." "Let her go." "Whisky." "Shoot them." "Shoot them both." "My medallion!" "At least you haven't forgotten how to show a lady a good time." " You're something!" " Tell you what..." "Until I get back my $5,000, you're getting more than you bargained for." "I'm your goddamn partner!" "Cairo, city of the living." "A paradise on earth." "Why do you forget yourselves?" "What is this?" "Where did this animal come from?" "Oh, no." "Cute." "What an adorable creature." "Then it shall be welcome in our house." "You don't have to keep it just because of me." "I knew the Germans would hire you, Sallah." "You're the best digger in Egypt." "My services are inconsequential to them." "They've hired every digger in Cairo." "The excavation is enormous." "They hire strong backs and pay pennies." "It's as if the Pharaohs had returned." " When did they find the map room?" " Three days ago." "They have not one brain among them." "Except one..." "He's very clever." "He's a French archaeologist." " What's his name?" " They call him Bellosh." "Belloq." "Belloq." "The Germans have a great advantage over us." "They are near to discovering the Well of Souls." "They're not going to find it without this." "Who can tell us about these markings?" "Perhaps a man I know can help us." "Indy, there's something that troubles me." "What is it?" "The Ark." "If it is there at Tanis, it is something Man was not meant to disturb." "Death has always surrounded it." "It is not of this earth." " Do we need the monkey?" " I'm surprised at you." "Talking that way about our baby." " He's got your looks, too." " And your brains." "I noticed that." "She's a smart little thing." "Smart." " Where are you going?" " She'll be all right." "Have a date." "Come on, come on..." "Marion!" " What's this?" " It's a date." "You eat them." "Why haven't you settled down and had nine kids like Sallah?" "Who says I haven't?" "I do." "Dad had you figured long ago." " He said you were a bum." " That's generous." "The most gifted bum he ever trained." "He loved you." " Took a lot for you to alienate him." " Just you." "Marion, get out of here!" "Duck!" "Right!" "Help!" "Over here, Indy!" "Get out of the way!" "Move it!" "Help me!" "You can't do this to me." "I'm an American." "Indiana Jones!" "Help me, Jones!" "Marion..." "You looking for me?" " Belloq." " Good afternoon, Dr Jones." " I ought to kill you now." " Not a very private place for a murder." "They don't care if we kill each other." "They're not gonna interfere in our business." "It was not I who brought the girl into this." "Sit down before you fall down." "We can at least behave like civilised people." "I see your taste in friends hasn't changed." "Odd that it should end this way, after so many stimulating encounters." "Where shall I find a new adversary so close to my own level?" "Try the local sewer." "You and I are very much alike." "Archaeology is our religion." "Yet we have both fallen from the purer faith." "Our methods do not differ as much as you pretend." "I'm a shadowy reflection of you." "It would take only a nudge to make you like me." " To push you out of the light." " Now you're getting nasty." "You know it's true." "How nice." "Look at this." "It's worthless." "$10 from a street vendor." "Bury it in the sand for a thousand years and it becomes priceless." "Like the Ark." "Men will kill for it." "Men like you and me." "What about your boss, der Führer?" "I thought he was waiting to take possession." "All in good time, when I'm finished with it." "Jones, do you realise what the Ark is?" "It's a transmitter." "It's a radio for speaking to God." "And it's within my reach." "You want to talk to God?" "Let's go see him together." "I've nothing better to do." "Uncle Indy!" "Come back home now!" "Next time, Indiana Jones, it'll take more than children to save you." "I thought I would find you there." "Better than the US Marines, eh?" " Marion's dead." " Yes, I know." "I'm sorry." "Life goes on, Indy." "There is the truth!" "I have much to tell you." "First, we'll take them home." "Then I will take you to the old man." "How did Belloq do it?" "Where'd he get a copy of the headpiece?" "There are no pictures, no duplicates anywhere." "I tell you only what I saw myself." "A headpiece like that one, except the edges were rougher." "In the centre, the Frenchman had a crystal, and surrounding the crystal on one side were raised markings, like that one." "They made the calculations in the map room?" "This morning." "Belloq and the boss German, Dietrich." "When they came out, they gave us a new spot to dig in, away from the camp." " The Well of Souls, huh?" " Come, come, look here." " Sit down, come, sit down." " What is it?" "This is a warning not to disturb the Ark of the Covenant." "Did Belloq get the height of the Staff from here?" "Yes, it is here." "This was the old way." "This means six kadam high." " About 72 inches." " Wait!" "And take back one kadam to honour the Hebrew God whose Ark this is." "You said their headpiece only had markings on one side." "You sure?" "Belloq's staff is too long." "They're digging in the wrong place!" "I am the monarch of the sea I am the ruler of the..." "Bad dates." "I told you not to be premature in your communiqué to Berlin." "Archaeology is not an exact science." "It does not deal in time schedules." "The Führer is not patient." "He demands constant reports and expects progress." " You led me to believe..." " Nothing!" "I only said it looked very favourable." "Besides, with the information we have, my calculations were correct." "They're not kidding, are they?" " When does the sun hit the map room?" " About 9 in the morning." "Not much time, then." " Where are they digging for the Well?" " On that ridge." " But the map room is over there." " Let's go!" "Sallah?" "Sallah!" "What is the matter?" "I'll fetch you water, I shall get it for you." "I will get you water." "How is the food?" "I thought you were dead." "They must've switched baskets." " Are you hurt?" " No." "Get me out of here." "They'll be back any minute." "Cut me loose, quick." "They keep asking about you." "What you know." "What's wrong?" "Cut me loose." " I know where the Ark is." " The Ark's here?" "I'm coming with you." "Get me out of here!" "If I take you now, they'll start looking for us." "Get me out of here!" "Are you crazy?" "I hate to do this, but if you don't keep quiet, this whole thing's going to be shot." "I'll be back to get you." "That's it." "Perhaps the Ark is waiting in some antechamber for us to discover." "Perhaps there's some vital evidence eluding us." " Perhaps the girl can help us." " My feeling exactly." "She kept the original for years." "She may know much if properly motivated." "I tell you the girl knows nothing." "I'm surprised you're squeamish." "That's not your reputation." "It needn't concern you." "I have just the man for the job." "Indy, here, we've hit stone." "Clear it off." "Come on, find the edges." "Good, good, good." "You see, Indy?" " OK, bring the pry-bars in." " As a team, boys, as a team!" "Push!" "Get 'em in there." "Get 'em under." "That's it." "Watch your toes!" "Carefully, carefully." "Sorry, Indy." "Indy, why does the floor move?" "Give me your torch." "Snakes." "Why did it have to be snakes?" "Asps." "Very dangerous." "You go first." "To escape on foot, the desert is three weeks in every direction." "So please eat something." "I must apologise for your treatment." "No food, no water." "What kind of people are these friends of yours?" "At this point in my work, they are necessary evils." "They're not my friends." "However, with the right connections, even in this part of the world, we are not entirely uncivilised." " Beautiful." " I would very much like to see you in it." "I'll bet you would." "All right." "What have you got to drink around here?" "We don't have much time." "Soon they'll harm you." "I won't be able to stop them, unless you give me something to placate them." "Some piece of information which I can use to protect you from them." "I've already told you everything." "I have no loyalty to Jones." "He's brought me nothing but trouble." "Marion, you are beautiful." "I don't think we need a chaperone." "Steadily..." "Steadily!" "Down, down." "Carefully, carefully." "You all right, Indy?" "Gently, boys, gently, gently." "I told you it would be all right." "Sallah, get down here." "You pour." "That's good." "Whoops!" "What is this stuff, René?" "I grew up with this." "It's my family label." "Well, I have to be going now, René." "I like you, René, very much." "Perhaps we'll meet someday under better circumstances." "We meet again, Fräulein." "You Americans, you are all the same." "Always over-dressing for the wrong occasions." "Now what shall we talk about?" "All right, take it up." "Easy!" " You're as stubborn as that girl." " You like her too much." "Your methods of archaeology are too primitive for me." "You would use a bulldozer to find a china cup." "Wake your men!" " Indy, the torches are burning out." " Go on, get out of here." " Sallah." " Hello, hello!" "Dr Jones, whatever are you doing in such a nasty place?" "Come down, I'll show you." "Thanks, but we're very comfortable up here." "That's right, isn't it?" "Yes, we are very comfortable up here." "So, once again, what was briefly yours is now mine." "What a fitting end to your life's pursuits." "You'll be a permanent addition to this archaeological find." "In a thousand years, even you may be worth something." " Son of a bitch." " We must be going now." "Our prize is awaited in Berlin." "But I do not wish to leave you all alone." "Slimy pig, let me go." "Stop it!" "Hang on!" "Don't fall." "I've got an idea." "You traitor, get your hands off of me!" "Snakes..." "At your feet!" " The girl was mine!" " She's no use to the Führer's mission." "I wonder sometimes if you have that clearly in mind." " It was not to be, chérie." " You bastards, I'll get you for this!" "Indiana Jones, adieu." "Take this." "Wave it at anything that slithers." "This whole place is slithering!" " Indy!" " Jesus!" " Where did you get this?" "From him?" " I was trying to escape." " How hard did you try?" " Where the hell were you?" " What are you doing?" " Help me, fire!" " How do we get out?" " I'm working on it." "Do it faster." " Where are you going?" " Through that wall." " Get ready to run, whatever happens." " What do you mean by that?" "Indy!" "Don't leave me here by myself." " Here we go, get ready!" " Indy, the torch is going out!" "Look, look." "They're flying it out." "When it's loaded, we'll already be on the plane." "Monsieur, let us toast our success in the desert." "To the Ark." "When we are far from here, and not with you." "Stay with the Ark!" "Look out!" " Oh, my God!" " Marion...!" "I'm locked in here." "I'm here!" " Indy, I'm stuck." " Pull on the latch." "I'm stuck." "Indy, I can't force the lock." " It's stuck." " Turn it." " It's stuck." " Never mind." "Get back!" "Get the Ark away from here." "Put it on the truck." "We will fly it out of Cairo." "And, Gobler, I want plenty of protection." "Jones...!" "Holy smoke!" "My friends, I'm so pleased you're not dead." "We have no time if you want the Ark." "It's been loaded onto a truck for Cairo." "Truck?" "What truck?" "Let's go!" "Get back to Cairo." "Get us some transport to England." "Boat, plane, anything." "Meet me at Omar's." "I'm going after that truck." " How?" " I don't know." "I'm making this up as I go." "Everything is arranged." "The Ark is on board." "Nothing's lacking now you're here." " You trust these guys?" " Yes." "Mr Katanga." "Mr Katanga, these are my friends." "They are my family." "I will hear of it if they are not treated well." "My cabin is theirs." "Mr Jones, I've heard a lot about you, sir." "Your appearance is exactly the way I imagined." "Goodbye." "Look after each other." "I am already missing you." "You're my good friend." "That is for Fayah." "That is for your children." "And this is for you." "Thank you." "A British tar is a soaring soul" "As free as a mountain bird" "His energetic fist should be ready to resist" "Where did you go?" " I've been cleaning up." " Where did you get that?" " From him." " Who "him"?" "Katanga." "I'm not the first woman to travel with these pirates." " It's lovely." " Yeah?" " Yeah." " Really?" "What did you say?" "Wait, I don't need any help." "You do..." "You're not the man I knew ten years ago." "It's not the years, honey, it's the mileage." "I don't need a nurse." "I just want to sleep." " How's this here?" " Go away...!" "Yes, it hurts." "Goddamn it, Indy." "Where doesn't it hurt?" "Here." "Here." "This isn't too bad." "Here." "We never seem to get a break, do we?" " What is it?" " Engines have stopped." "I'm gonna do a check." " What's happening?" " We have most important friends." "You and the girl must disappear in the hold." "Go, go!" "Don't you touch me." " What about Jones?" " No trace yet." "Jones is dead." "I killed him." "He was of no use to us." "This girl has certain value where we're headed." "She'll bring a good price." "Herr Colonel, that cargo you've taken." "Take it, but leave us the girl." "It will reduce our loss." "Savage, you are not in the position to ask for anything." "We will take what we wish, then decide whether to blow up your ship." "The girl goes with me." "She'll be part of my compensation." "I'm sure your führer would approve." "If she fails to please me, you may do with her as you wish." "Excuse me." "I can't find Mr Jones." "I've looked everywhere." "He's got to be here somewhere." " Look again." " I've found him." " Where?" " There." "The altar has been prepared as you instructed." "Good." "Take the Ark there immediately." "Monsieur..." "I am uncomfortable with the thought of this Jewish ritual." "Are you sure it's necessary?" "Let me ask you this:" "Would you be more comfortable opening the Ark in Berlin for your führer and finding out only then if the sacred Covenant is inside, and whether you've accomplished your mission and obtained the one true Ark?" "I'm going to blow up the Ark, René." "Your persistence surprises even me." " You'll give mercenaries a bad name." " Dr Jones..." "Surely you don't think you can escape?" "That depends how reasonable we're all willing to be." "All I want is the girl." " If we refuse?" " Then your führer has no prize." "OK, stand back." "All of you, stand back, right back." "OK, Jones, you win." "Blow it up." "Yes, blow it up." "Blow it back to God." "All your life has been spent pursuing archaeological relics." "Inside the Ark are treasures beyond your wildest aspirations." "You want to see it open as well as I." "Indiana, we are simply passing through history." "This... this is history." "Do as you will." "Marion, don't look at it, no matter what happens." "It's beautiful!" " Indy?" " Don't look." "Keep your eyes shut!" "You've done your country a great service." "We trust you found the settlement satisfactory." "The money's fine." "The situation is unacceptable." " I guess that wraps it up." " Where is the Ark?" "I thought we'd settled that." "The Ark is somewhere safe." " From whom?" " It's a source of unspeakable power." " It has to be researched." " And it will be." "I assure you, Dr Brody." "Dr Jones." "We have top men working on it right now." " Who?" " Top men." "Hey, what happened?" "You don't look very happy." " Fools!" " What did they say?" " They don't know what they've got." " I know what I've got here." "Come on, I'll buy you a drink." "You know, a drink?"

Washington — “Birthright citizenship” – the policy of granting US citizenship to every child born on US soil – may be one of the hottest political issues of the summer. In recent weeks, some congressional Republicans have become increasingly vocal about their desire to deny such recognition to the children of illegal immigrants, saying it is a lure that draws foreigners to sneak into the country. However, as a practical matter, changing this policy would be extremely difficult. That’s because it is in the Constitution – or, rather, it is based on the 14th Amendment to the Constitution. The amendment begins this way: “All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside.” Passage of a new constitutional amendment would require a two-thirds “aye” vote in the House and Senate, plus the approval of the legislatures of three-quarters of the 50 states. In today’s polarized political environment, it is hard to envision that happening. Some proponents of changing the citizenship rules argue that their purpose can be accomplished with legislation. That might be a little easier to get through Congress – but it would almost certainly be vetoed by President Obama while he remains in office. Even if a future GOP chief executive signed such a bill, it would face inevitable close federal court review. “Politically it can’t be done, and it is simply a distraction from seeking true immigration reform,” argued Bill Ong Hing, a professor at the University of San Francisco School of Law and supporter of birthright citizenship, in a recent conference call with reporters. The issue itself is not a newcomer to Washington. Bills to deny citizenship to the children of parents in the US illegally have been introduced in Congress with regularity in recent years. But this year, a number of top GOP lawmakers have said they would support at least exploring limits on the 14th Amendment. Sen. Lindsey Graham (R) of South Carolina said recently on Fox News that he was thinking of introducing a proposed constitutional amendment because birthright citizenship is a magnet drawing illegals into the US. Birthright citizenship “attracts people here for all the wrong reasons,” Senator Graham said. “In certain parts of our country, clearly, our schools, our hospitals are being overrun by illegal immigrants, a lot of whom came here just so their children could become US citizens,” said Representative Boehner on NBC’s “ Meet the Press” on Sunday. Proponents of changing US citizenship policies say that “birth tourism,” in which travel firms in China, Turkey, and elsewhere sell travel packages designed to allow pregnant women to give birth in the US, is a troubling new element. Legislation, they say, is all that’s needed to change the situation. The drafters of the 14th Amendment never intended that it should apply to the children of foreigners present in the US, they say. It was meant to extend citizenship to African-Americans. Legislation could clarify this situation, say some conservatives. But supporters of birthright citizenship say that that reading of the history of the 14th Amendment is untrue and that to alter the policy would be to alter the nation’s democratic character.

NOT PRECEDENTIAL UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE THIRD CIRCUIT _____________ No. 08-2563 _____________ UNITED STATES OF AMERICA v. ROMANUS OKORIE, Appellant _____________ On Appeal from the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey (D.C. No. 2:07-cr-00477) District Judge: Hon. William H. Walls Submitted Under Third Circuit LAR 34.1(a) March 18, 2011 Before: BARRY, CHAGARES, and ROTH, Circuit Judges. (Filed April 26, 2011) _____________ OPINION _____________ CHAGARES, Circuit Judge. Romanus Okorie appeals his conviction, asserting that the District Court erred in admitting various pieces of evidence during his trial. For the reasons set forth below, we will affirm the District Court‟s evidentiary decisions and Okorie‟s conviction.  I. Because we write solely for the benefit of the parties, we will only briefly recite the facts. Okorie ran a business preparing taxes. The allegations of the underlying conviction were that he falsely claimed that his clients were sole proprietors of businesses and then created excessive business expenses to decrease his clients‟ taxable incomes. He would then file tax returns without first presenting them to his clients for review and signature, and also failed to identify himself as the preparer of the returns. His scheme was discovered when one client, Maria Brown, received her refund check, realized that it was for far too much, returned it to the IRS, and began cooperating in an investigation of Okorie. As part of this investigation, the Government received a warrant to search Okorie‟s home and to seize any documents relating to the preparation of taxes for the years 2003 and 2004. In executing this warrant, the Government agents were required to sort through stacks of papers that had not been separated by year, and noticed that forms from 2002 also contained suspicious information. The Government then received a second search warrant and seized all documents relating to 2002 as well. Okorie was indicted on June 11, 2007, and charged with ten counts of preparing and filing false tax returns only for the years 2003 and 2004, in violation of 26 U.S.C. § 7206(2). He was convicted by a jury on all counts on January 22, 2008, and was sentenced to 72 months of imprisonment on May 14, 2008. The instant appeal was filed on May 15, 2008. 2  II. The District Court had jurisdiction over this case pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 3231 and this Court has jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1291. We review the underlying factual findings of a District Court‟s refusal to suppress evidence for clear error, but exercise plenary review over the application of the law to these factual findings. United States v. Brown, 595 F.3d 498, 514 (3d Cir. 2010). On issues regarding the District Court‟s decision to admit evidence, we review for abuse of discretion, United States v. Kemp, 500 F.3d 257, 295-96 (3d Cir. 2007), and this includes consideration of whether the admission of evidence violated the Sixth Amendment‟s Confrontation Clause. United States v. Jimenez, 513 F.3d 62, 76-77 (3d Cir. 2008). III. Okorie first argues that the District Court erred in denying his application to suppress all evidence seized from his residence because the Government conducted a broader search than authorized by the first warrant when it looked at documents from 2002 as well as 2003 and 2004. He argues that all evidence seized, including the evidence that was plainly within the scope of the first search warrant, must be suppressed “due to the blatant Fourth Amendment violation” that occurred when the executing officials viewed his 2002 documents, which were not within the scope of the first warrant. As a general matter, the exclusionary rule is used only in circumstances where it will have a deterrent effect. United States v. Leon, 468 U.S. 897, 906 (1984). “Whether the exclusionary sanction is appropriately imposed in a particular case . . . is „an issue 3 separate from the question whether the Fourth Amendment rights of the party seeking to invoke the rule were violated by police conduct.‟” Id. (quoting Illinois v. Gates, 462 U.S. 213, 223 (1983)). We see no reason that would justify the suppression of the 2003 and 2004 documents that were collected under the first warrant. Okorie does not allege that the first warrant was defectively obtained or executed. Instead, he argues that the overbreadth of the first search justifies the suppression of all evidence obtained during that search, regardless of whether it was plainly within the scope of the warrant. The conduct at issue in this case, however, is insufficient to impose the “substantial social costs exacted by the exclusionary rule.” Id. at 907. Okorie‟s files were not neatly organized or easily separable, and the agents were required to look through all of Okorie‟s papers in order to separate out those that were from the years 2003 and 2004. The evidence introduced at trial was obtained as a result of a valid warrant that was properly executed, and we will affirm the District Court‟s refusal to suppress this evidence.1 1 We also note, per Okorie‟s contention that the search exceeded the scope of the initial warrant, that the Supreme Court has made clear that “elaborate specificity” in a warrant is not required. United States v. Ventresca, 380 U.S. 102, 108 (1965). Whether evidence is within a search warrant‟s scope requires not a “hypertechnical” analysis, but a “common- sense, and realistic” one. United States v. Srivastava, 540 F.3d 277, 291 (4th Cir. 2008). In line with such reasoning, we have observed that “[w]hen an entire, discrete body of evidence is described, the naming of every component of that body is mere surplusage.” United States v. Kepner, 483 F.2d 755, 763 (3d Cir. 1988) (quotation marks omitted). In addition, “the government is to be given more flexibility regarding the items to be searched when criminal activity deals with complex financial transactions.” United States v. Yusuf, 461 F.3d 374, 395 (3d Cir. 2006). On the facts here, both the warrant and the search executed pursuant to it easily pass muster. 4  Okorie next argues that the District Court erred in allowing Maria and Raymond Brown to testify as to their dealings with Okorie, despite the fact that their experience did not form one of the underlying counts of Okorie‟s indictment. He argues that the evidence was cumulative and that the Browns‟ testimony could not have served any non- cumulative purpose other than to encourage the jury to convict based upon prior bad acts or a propensity to commit crime, neither of which is permitted under Federal Rule of Evidence 404(b). Federal Rule of Evidence 404(b) provides as follows: [e]vidence of other crimes, wrongs, or acts is not admissible to prove the character of a person in order to show action in conformity therewith. It may, however, be admissible for other purposes, such as proof of motive, opportunity, intent, preparation, plan, knowledge, identity, or absence of mistake or accident, provided that upon request by the accused, the prosecution in a criminal case shall provide reasonable notice in advance of trial, or during trial if the court excuses pretrial notice on good cause shown, of the general nature of any such evidence it intends to introduce at trial. This Court has noted that the threshold established by this rule is not overly high, and that almost all evidence can be admitted under 404(b) so long as it is for a purpose other than to demonstrate the defendant‟s bad character in order to encourage the jury to convict on the basis of a propensity to commit crime. United States v. Green, 617 F.3d 233, 248-29 (3d Cir. 2010). In this case, the testimony of the Browns went to the non-propensity purpose of demonstrating motive, voluntariness, and lack of mistake, as well as providing background information regarding how the IRS began its investigation. The testimony helped demonstrate that the criminal conduct was initiated by Okorie and not his clients, 5 and, because Maria Brown returned her refund check, provided testimony from individuals without any motivation to lie. In addition, the District Court provided a limiting instruction immediately after each of the Browns testified, and then again when charging the jury. The District Court did not abuse its discretion in allowing this testimony, and we will affirm its decision on this issue. Finally, Okorie asserts that the District Court‟s decision to allow Deborahann Westwood, the custodian of records for the New Jersey Department of the Treasury, and Margaret Coe, a Human Resources specialist with the IRS, to testify regarding the results of employment-records searches in their respective departments. Although the Government initially planned to introduce only a certification of the non-existence of an official record, the District Court directed that individuals be produced to testify to this fact in order to avoid Confrontation Clause issues. This testimony was introduced to demonstrate that Okorie never worked for either of these agencies, despite his representations to the contrary to his clients. Okorie argues that he has a Sixth Amendment right to cross-examine those who actually performed the searches of the records, and that the production of a supervisor is insufficient to meet the Constitution‟s demands. The Sixth Amendment prevents, with limited exceptions, the introduction of any testimonial statement at trial without the opportunity for the defendant to cross-examine the individual who made the statement. Crawford v. Washington, 541 U.S. 36, 50-51 (2004). The Supreme Court‟s more recent decision in Melendez-Diaz v. Massachusetts, 129 S. Ct. 2527 (2009), makes clear that the type of report produced in this case would 6 certainly constitute a testimonial statement. Unlike Melendez-Diaz, however, where only a single analyst‟s report was at issue, this case deals with a report that was produced through the work of multiple individuals. In the present case, although Westwood and Coe did not conduct the entire search personally, the testimonial import of the report that was produced was simply that Okorie had not worked in either of their organizations. Westwood and Coe certainly had sufficient knowledge about this report to justify the admission of their testimony; both had knowledge of their institutions‟ records, the searches conducted, and their results, and both were subject to cross-examination on these issues. That they were not the individuals who physically sorted through every piece of paper or who personally typed the search into the computer program does not cause a constitutional problem. They both had knowledge of the ultimate testimonial fact supplied by the report (that Okorie had not worked in either agency), and had knowledge of the process that produced this testimonial fact. We certainly are not prepared to state the District Court abused its discretion in its decision to admit the evidence, and we therefore will also affirm its decision to allow the testimony of Westwood and Coe. IV. For the foregoing reasons, we will affirm the judgment of the District Court. 7

BEGIN:VCALENDAR VERSION:2.0 METHOD:PUBLISH PRODID:-//PYVOBJECT//NONSGML Version 1//EN BEGIN:VTIMEZONE TZID:EST BEGIN:STANDARD DTSTART:20001029T020000 RRULE:FREQ=YEARLY;BYDAY=-1SU;BYMONTH=10;UNTIL=20061029T060000Z TZNAME:EST TZOFFSETFROM:-0400 TZOFFSETTO:-0500 END:STANDARD BEGIN:STANDARD DTSTART:20071104T020000 RRULE:FREQ=YEARLY;BYDAY=1SU;BYMONTH=11 TZNAME:EST TZOFFSETFROM:-0400 TZOFFSETTO:-0500 END:STANDARD BEGIN:DAYLIGHT DTSTART:20000402T020000 RRULE:FREQ=YEARLY;BYDAY=1SU;BYMONTH=4;UNTIL=20060402T070000Z TZNAME:EDT TZOFFSETFROM:-0500 TZOFFSETTO:-0400 END:DAYLIGHT BEGIN:DAYLIGHT DTSTART:20070311T020000 RRULE:FREQ=YEARLY;BYDAY=2SU;BYMONTH=3 TZNAME:EDT TZOFFSETFROM:-0500 TZOFFSETTO:-0400 END:DAYLIGHT END:VTIMEZONE BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1361480328658@keene.edu DTSTART:20130304T170000Z DTEND:20130304T180000Z DESCRIPTION:Niurca E. Marquez will talk about her primary vision behind he r work which is based on Contemporary Flamenco but is constantly informed by collaborations with other artists of various disciplines and other danc e styles. Marquez writes that "If culture is\, in the words of Ana Mendiet a\, 'the memory of history'\, then dance becomes a way to embody that hist ory’s essence. Marquez believes that innovation is the product of tradit ion. "Drawing from a tradition adds depth and context\, but as an artist I feel obligated to take the process a step further and question the implic ations of our search for true dialogue in contemporary society." SUMMARY:Decolonial Perspectives: Understanding Shifts in Flamenco Dance URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/906/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1361922361705@keene.edu DTSTART:20130305T233000Z DTEND:20130306T013000Z DESCRIPTION:Join Active Minds in stomping out the stigma that surrounds me ntal illness!\n\n1 in 4 people suffer from a mental illness at some point in their lives. They are our friends\, family\, and colleagues. They are p art of our community\, they are people we look up to\, and they are author ity figures.\n\n5 individuals will be sharing their stories of their strug gles with mental illness. \n\nCome show your support and change the conver sation that surrounds mental illness! SUMMARY:Active Minds Mental Health Awareness Panel: Come Stop Out the Stig ma! URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/919/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1363281665735@keene.edu DTSTART:20130319T203000Z DTEND:20130319T213000Z DESCRIPTION:How much is too much? Two perspectives on Gentile v. State Bar of Nevada as applied in the federal trials of Timothy McVeigh and Terry N ichols. \n\nThe 1991 case Gentile v. State Bar of Nevada was the first (an d only) time the Supreme Court seriously addressed how much attorneys shou ld be able to advocate for their clients in the press. The decision in Gen tile came just 5 years before the federal bombing trials of Timothy McVeig h and Terry Nichols. To a large degree\, the divided opinions of the Court were reflected in the defense press strategies of McVeigh's attorney\, St ephen Jones\, and Nichols's attorney\, Michael Tigar. Each attorney took a different approach to the press that corresponded with the divided Suprem e Court opinion. How these strategies played out had a significant impact on the results of each trial.\n SUMMARY:New Voices/New Visions: Chad Nye URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/974/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1355848737106@keene.edu DTSTART:20130321T230000Z DTEND:20130322T010000Z DESCRIPTION:As the earth thaws and spring rains drench New Hampshire\, tho usands of salamanders\, frogs\, and toads make their way to vernal pools t o breed. Many are killed when their journeys take them across busy roads. Each spring\, Ashuelot Valley Environmental Observatory trains volunteer s to serve on Salamander Crossing Brigades at amphibian road crossings thr oughout the Monadnock Region. These heroic volunteers count migrating amp hibians and safely usher the animals across roads during one or more “Bi g Nights.” To join the ranks of the Salamander Crossing Brigades\, atte nd either this volunteer training at KSC or the Saturday morning training at the Harris Center for Conservation Education on March 23. (No need to attend both.)\n\nCo-sponsored by the Harris Center for Conservation Educat ion and the Keene State College School of Sciences. For more information\ , contact Brett Amy Thelen at thelen@harriscenter.org or (603) 358-2065. SUMMARY:Salamander Crossing Brigades volunteer training URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/771/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1363099277786@keene.edu DTSTART:20130322T070000Z DTEND:20130322T083000Z DESCRIPTION:Join Latino migrant workers and Vermont filmmakers on Friday\, March 22\, from 3:00 - 4:30 pm in the Student Center\, Madison St. Loung e (behind Bean & Bagel) as they show the new documentary "Hide."\n\nThis f ilm takes us inside the daily lives of several migrant dairy workers from Latin America who sustain Vermont's iconic dairy farms and working landsca pes. Hide illuminates the feelings and experiences of the hidden lives of migrant farmworkers--feelings of isolation\, fear\, lack of recognition a nd sometimes hope. Using an unusual narrative form\, the film combines ori ginal music\, obscured images\, and multi-voiced narration to provide an i ntimate glimpse at the daily lives of migrant workers and their fight for dignity.\n\nThe film showing will be followed by a discussion (with Spanis h translation) led by Migrant Justice and migrant farm workers. \nThe fil m is produced by Elori Kramer and Peter Coccoma in collaboration with Migr ant Justice. \n\n“If you are drinking milk in the morning or in the nig ht. Don’t forget that me and thousands and thousands of guys are milking the cows for you.”--Bernadino Hernandez in "Hide"\n \nSponsored by Keen e State College Diversity Commission. Refreshments hosted by the Keene St ate College Fair Trade Club. SUMMARY:Migrant worker Documentary\, "Hide" URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/972/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1362415347703@keene.edu DTSTART:20130327T230000Z DTEND:20130328T010000Z DESCRIPTION:March is National Women's History Month!\n\nNationally\, this year's theme honors women in the fields of science\, technology\, engineer ing and math.\n\nInterim President & Mrs. Jay Kahn and the Campus Commissi on on the Status of Women cordially invite you to the Twenty-third Annual Outstanding Women of New Hampshire Awards.\n\nA decadent dessert reception follow the presentation of awards and you'll enjoy musical performances b y Chock Full of Notes. \n\nFree and Open to the Public SUMMARY:KSC's Outstanding Women of NH Award Ceremony URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/953/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1364498233362@keene.edu DTSTART:20130402T203000Z DTEND:20130402T213000Z DESCRIPTION:Please join us Tuesday for New Voices/New Visions with Chad Ny e! \n\nHow much press is too much press? Two perspectives on Gentile v. St ate Bar \nof Nevada as applied in the federal trials of Timothy McVeigh an d Terry \nNichols. \n \nThe 1991 case Gentile v. State Bar of Nevada was t he first (and only) time \nthe Supreme Court seriously addressed how much attorneys should be able to \nadvocate for their clients in the press. The decision in Gentile came just \nfive years before the federal bombing tri als of Timothy McVeigh and Terry \nNichols. To a large degree\, the divide d opinions of the Court in Gentile \nwere reflected in the defense press s trategies of McVeigh's attorney\, \nStephen Jones\, and Nichols's attorney \, Michael Tigar. Each attorney took a \ndifferent approach to the press t hat corresponded with the divided Supreme \nCourt opinion in Gentile. How these strategies played out had a significant \nimpact on the results of e ach trial. \n\nCome hear the story of how the Oklahoma City bombing trials played out in \nthe press. Join the discussion about the benefits and pit falls of attorney \nadvocacy in the press. You’ll be better informed for the next “trial of the \ncentury.” \n \n SUMMARY:New Voices/New Visions with Chad Nye URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/1013/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1353353551291@keene.edu DTSTART:20130404T203000Z DTEND:20130404T220000Z DESCRIPTION:The 24th Annual Mason Library Lecture will be given by Dr. Mar celo Gleiser\, the Appleton Professor of Natural Philosophy\, and Professo r of Physics and Astronomy at Dartmouth College. He will be speaking on t he question of the origin of life\, the search for life in other planets a nd how it helps us understand and reframe our own humanity in a way that b ridges between the sciences and the humanities. \n SUMMARY:Mason Library Lecture URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/752/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1364843384587@keene.edu DTSTART:20130405T190000Z DTEND:20130405T200000Z DESCRIPTION:Alumni panelists from History\, American Studies\, Holocaust a nd Genocide Studies include: \n\nKerry Marsh ’03\, Ryan Laliberty ’11\ ,\nLevi Gershkowitz ’11\, and Meagan Blaise Ingalls ‘11 \n SUMMARY:"Life After the Liberal Arts" Alumni Panel URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/1018/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1365020694629@keene.edu DTSTART:20130409T000000Z DTEND:20130409T010000Z DESCRIPTION:KSC Pride is thrilled to bring Chaz Bono\, the son of the famo us duo\, Sonny and Cher\, to campus to discuss his life and journey to whe re he is now\, and where he wants to go from here!\n\nJoin us for an enlig htening and heartfelt discussion on\ntransgender life and how we can all b e more understanding for our LGBTQ friends.\n\nAll are welcome\, this even t is free and open to the public\, not just students and faculty/ staff me mbers!\n\nChaz’s book “Transition” will be for sale at the event.\n\ nThis event is proudly sponsored by:\nKSC Pride\, Office of Student Involv ement\, L.P Young Student Center\, KSC Pepsi Grant\, Feminist Collective SUMMARY:Chaz Bono: My Transition of Becoming a Man URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/1025/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1364918034763@keene.edu DTSTART:20130415T180000Z DTEND:20130415T200000Z DESCRIPTION:The Modern Poetry Collection at Mason Library is sponsoring a poetry reading in honor of April Poetry month. \n\nFeatured poets include: (S. Stephanie & Jim Duffy on behalf of) Walter Butts\, Patrica Fargnoli\, Marie Harris\, William Doreski\, Jeff Friedman\, Rodger Martin\, Dylan Fr eni\, Diana Bishop\, and Kasey Mangold. SUMMARY: April Poetry Month Event URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/1020/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1362415103580@keene.edu DTSTART:20130415T230000Z DTEND:20130416T010000Z DESCRIPTION:Sidore Lecture presented by Billy Strean\, Ph.D.\, University of Alberta.\n\nAs rational as self-interest may be\, it can destroy the gr oup's long-term best interests. Preserving the greater good and promoting the heart of higher education can be accomplished by understanding "commun ity" as an ontological reality\, an epistemological necessity\, a pedagogi cal asset\, and an ethical corrective (Palmer\, Zajonc\, & Scribner\, 2010 ). As individuals\, we can cultivate "hospitality intelligence\," a set of attributes characterized by loving heart\, gentle spirit\, respectful att itude\, and open arms. When applied to a learning environment\, the cultiv ation of these attitudes and practices forms the basis for human connectio n\, one of the cornerstones of "Exhilarated Learning." This presentation will be an experiential exploration of these concepts underlying what is n eeded for a successful commons. SUMMARY:"Victory of the Commons? Community\, Hospitality Intelligence\, an d Exhilarated Learning" URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/952/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1363102709735@keene.edu DTSTART:20130417T140000Z DTEND:20130417T153000Z DESCRIPTION:Fair Trade farmers receive a better price for their coffee\, b ut even that is not enough. Coffee is a seasonal crop. The documentary\, After the Harvest documents what happens when the season is over and farm ers are unable to stretch earnings until the next harvest. Guatemalan Fai r Trade coffee farmer\, Miguel Mateo from the Manos Campesinos coffee coop erative\, will visit KSC to talk about his coffee experience and answer qu estions about the movie. \nSponsored by Fair Trade USA and the Keene Stat e College Fair Trade Club. Movie and talk will take place at 10am in the Madison St. Lounge. Mateo will also be at the Student Center at noon to m eet students and answer questions. SUMMARY:After the harvest - Fair Trade coffee and challenges URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/973/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1363012421052@keene.edu DTSTART:20130418T230000Z DTEND:20130419T010000Z DESCRIPTION:Vernal pools are small\, temporary\, woodland ponds that serve as critical breeding habitat for amphibians\, insects\, and even tiny cla ms and crustaceans. In efforts to protect this vital (yet often overlooked ) wildlife habitat\, Ashuelot Valley Environmental Observatory -- the citi zen science arm of the Harris Center for Conservation Education -- trains volunteers to identify and document vernal pools\, with special focus on l ands where information is needed for conservation planning. We’ll cover the building blocks of vernal pool ecology in an indoor training session on Thursday\, April 18 from 7 - 9 pm at the Putnam Science Center (Room 12 7)\, then venture outside for hands-on instruction in vernal pool identifi cation and documentation at a vernal pool complex in Keene on Saturday\, A pril 20 from 10 am – noon. \n\nTrainings are free and open to the publi c\, but registration is required. For more information or to register\, c ontact Brett Amy Thelen at thelen@harriscenter.org or (603) 358-2065. \n\ nCo-sponsored by the Harris Center for Conservation Education\, the Monadn ock Conservancy\, and the Keene State College School of Sciences. SUMMARY:Vernal Pool Project volunteer training URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/969/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1366380467324@keene.edu DTSTART:20130425T200000Z DTEND:20130425T220000Z DESCRIPTION:Virginia Mason Vaughan is Professor of English at Clark Univer sity where she teaches courses in Early Modern English literature\, with a n emphasis on Shakespeare. She has published three books on Othello and c o-edited The Tempest for the Third Arden Series. Her 2005 monograph\, Per forming Blackness on English Stages\, 1470-1800\, examines the representat ion of black Africans on the early modern stage. She recently completed t wo monographs: 'The Tempest':Shakespeare in Performance and Shakespeare in America (wth Alden T. Vaughan). SUMMARY:Janet Grayson Lecture in Literary Studies : Imagining Shakepeare's Prospero/Prospero's Shakespeare URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/1073/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1366812090769@keene.edu DTSTART:20130426T170000Z DTEND:20130426T190000Z DESCRIPTION:The Department of Communications and Philosophy Honors Society invites you to a Speech Contest! SUMMARY:Lambda Pi Eta Speech Contest URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/1084/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1366315586858@keene.edu DTSTART:20130429T230000Z DTEND:20130430T010000Z DESCRIPTION:Come listen to Susan Clark talk to us about how people around the country are reclaiming grassroots democracy and reconnecting with thei r local communities. Clark is the winner of the 2010 Vermont Secretary of State’s Enduring Democracy Award and the town meeting moderator of Middl esex VT. A great storyteller\, she will share stories about rekindling mea ningful democracy in our local communities and get us talking about dreams and visions for our home towns and regions. Don’t miss this important c ommunity discussion! SUMMARY:Susan Clark Co-Author of Slow Democracy: Rediscovering Community\, Bringing Decision-Making Back Home URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/1071/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1365683191857@keene.edu DTSTART:20130430T180000Z DTEND:20130430T200000Z DESCRIPTION:Students in ENG 307: Writing in the World have worked in colla borative writing teams\, developing professional documents for the KSC LIN KS and SPUR Programs\, KSC Media Productions\, KSC Owl Nation\, and the Mo nadnock Humane Society. The writing teams will present the results of the ir hard work to their clients and to members of the KSC Campus Community w ho attend!\n\nPlease join us! SUMMARY:ENG 307: Service-Learning Formal Presentations URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/1049/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1367415795508@keene.edu DTSTART:20130506T131500Z DTEND:20130506T193000Z DESCRIPTION:All are invited to hear this semester's senior project present ations. Students will present their work from the capstone course in the major. It's a great event that's not to be missed. SUMMARY:Senior Project Conference - Department of Communication and Philos ophy URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/1103/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1367415487281@keene.edu DTSTART:20130506T160000Z DTEND:20130506T170000Z DESCRIPTION:Join us for pizza and celebration on Communication Day. We wi ll announce the winners of the Excellence in Communication Award as well a s induct students into the Lambda Pi Eta Honor Society. SUMMARY:Communication Day URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/1102/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1367929766454@keene.edu DTSTART:20130515T220000Z DTEND:20130516T000000Z DESCRIPTION:That certain look\, attitude or behavior and your child “mak es” you see red. Ever find yourself yelling those words you swore you ne ver would? When children push our buttons\, we revert to the “road rage ” of parenting and react automatically and regretfully. In a split secon d\, authority is lost\, control is gone\, and our children manipulate us b y pushing those buttons again and again. Find out where your buttons come from\, why your children push them\, and how to defuse them in order to ef fectively respond instead of react\, regain authority\, and become the par ent your child has been asking for all along.\n SUMMARY:Bonnie Harris: When Your Kids Push Your Buttons URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/1106/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1363012544455@keene.edu DTSTART:20130528T230000Z DTEND:20130529T003000Z DESCRIPTION:The call of the Common Nighthawk (Chordeiles minor) was once a familiar evening sound in cities throughout New Hampshire\, where the acr obatic birds nested on flat\, peastone gravel roofs and fed on insects att racted to city lights. In recent years\, however\, nesting nighthawks hav e disappeared from many New Hampshire towns\; in the very few places where they remain (including Keene)\, their numbers have dramatically declined. To assess the status of Keene’s breeding nighthawk population\, the H arris Center and New Hampshire Audubon are once again coordinating volunte er nighthawk surveys on summer evenings in Keene. On the heels of last yea r’s exciting confirmation of a successful nighthawk nest on a rooftop at Keene State College\, this summer’s monitoring may also include opportu nities for observing nesting behavior! Join us for this training to becom e a Project Nighthawk volunteer\, or simply to learn more about this chari smatic endangered bird. We’ll begin indoors in the Keene State College S cience Center (Room 126)\, then venture outside to look and listen for nig hthawks in the twilight sky. \n\nFor more information\, contact Brett Amy Thelen at thelen@harriscenter.org or (603) 358-2065. \n\nCo-sponsored by the Harris Center for Conservation Education\, New Hampshire Audubon\, an d the Keene State College School of Sciences. SUMMARY:Project Nighthawk volunteer training URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/970/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1374001948209@keene.edu DTSTART:20130801T230000Z DTEND:20130802T010000Z DESCRIPTION:Help protect your favorite rivers and streams by learning how to identify and monitor invasive aquatic plants with the New Hampshire Riv ers Council’s River Runners citizen science project! Members of conserv ation commissions\, Local River Management Advisory Committees\, Volunteer River Assessment Programs\, anglers\, and paddlers are especially encoura ged to attend. \n\nCosponsored by the Harris Center for Conservation Educ ation\, the New Hampshire Rivers Council\, and Keene State College.\n\nThi s workshop is free\, but registration is required. Register online here: http://riverrunnerskeene.eventbrite.com/ \n\nFor more information\, pleas e contact the Rivers Council at info@nhrivers.org or (603) 228-6472. SUMMARY:River Runners volunteer training URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/1197/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1376336560492@keene.edu DTSTART:20130828T220000Z DTEND:20130829T010000Z DESCRIPTION:Yad Vashem was established in 1953 to perpetuate the memory of the six million Jewish victims of the Holocaust. “I Am My Brother’s Keeper”\, a multi-media presentation created by Yad Vashem\, shines ligh t on five rescue stories out of the thousands who are named “Righteous A mong the Nations”. Each of the five vignette’s highlights the actions of individuals who risked\, and in some cases gave\, their own lives for the sake of their Jewish neighbors. \n\nBecause space is limited\, please RSVP by 8/26 to Michele Kuiawa at mkuiawa@keene.edu or 603-358-2490. SUMMARY:I Am My Brother's Keeper: Honoring Fifty Years of Righteous Among the Nations URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/1219/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1376512909443@keene.edu DTSTART:20130828T233000Z DTEND:20130829T010000Z DESCRIPTION:Panel discussion addressing the past\, present and future of c ivil rights. The panel will be moderated by Emily Amoche. Panelists are Professor James Waller\, Rev. Tracye Ruffin\, Former NH Representative Har vey Keye\, Charles Owusu\, Fernando Osorio\, and Dr. Paki Wieland. SUMMARY:50 years of "I have a dream": Commemorating the 50th anniversary o f the 1963 March on Washington URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/1222/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1377482601497@keene.edu DTSTART:20130904T180000Z DTEND:20130904T194500Z DESCRIPTION:As part of the 4th annual KSC Music Education Guest Lecture Se ries\, please join Professor Erin Zaffini for this interactive presentatio n. Free and open to the public. SUMMARY:World Music & Folksong Dances URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/1247/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1378820824862@keene.edu DTSTART:20130912T180000Z DTEND:20130913T010000Z DESCRIPTION:Focusing Presentations at 2pm\, 4pm and 6pm\n\nReflections by: \n\nBill Bendix\, Political Science\n\nArmagan Gezici\, Economics\n\nJim W aller\, Holocaust and Genocide Studies \n\nJim Rousmaniere\, Former Editor of the Keene Sentinel\n\nLive from the Region:\n\nRoy Gutman\, Bureau Chi ef for McClatchy Newspapers\n\nFor more information and readings visit:\n\ nhttp://sites.keene.edu/symposium2013/syria/\n SUMMARY:Coming to Terms with the Conflict in Syria URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/1318/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1378820675788@keene.edu DTSTART:20130917T230000Z DTEND:20130918T003000Z DESCRIPTION:Keene State College's Department of Journalism presents its fo urth annual "Got Rights?" public event as part of Constitution Day\, Tuesd ay\, Sept. 17 from 7-8:30 in KSC's Alumni Center- Centenial Hall. \n\nThis year's Constitutional issues concern Fair Trial v. Free Press tensions be tween the First Amendment's various freedoms of press\, speech\, religion and assembly with the Sixth Amendment's protections to a speedy\, fair and public trial\, along with due process regarding legal charges\, witnesses and evidence.\n\nThis year's panelists include: Devon Chafee\, Executive Director of the New Hampshire Civil Liberties Union\; Peter Heed\, former New Hampshire Attorney General\, former Cheshire County Attorney now in pr ivate practice with the law firm Abramson\, Brown & Dugan\; Dr. Chad Nye\, KSC Journalism Professor\, whose upcoming book\, Journalism and Justice\, examines trial and press tensions in the Oklahoma City Bombing trial\; an d KSC Journalism Professor Dr. Marianne Salcetti\, former newspaper report er and editor whose students often encounter legal and political issues wh ile reporting.\n\nThe event is free\, open to the public and is co-sponsor ed with KSC-American Democracy Project. All attendees will receive their o wn pocket copy of the U.S. Constitution. For further information\, contact \, Dr. Rose Kundanis\, Chair\, Journalism Department\, 603-358-2404.\n SUMMARY:4th Annual "Got Rights?" URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/1317/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1378477393181@keene.edu DTSTART:20130924T230000Z DTEND:20130925T010000Z DESCRIPTION:What happens before a murder? In looking for ways to reduce de ath penalty cases\, David R. Dow\, who has defended over 100 death row in mates in 20 years\, realized that a surprising number of death row inmates had similar biographies. In this talk he proposes a bold plan\, one that prevents murders in the first place.\n\nViewing of TED Talk to be followed by facilitated discussion by KSC student/faculty/staff member.\n\nEvent s ponsored by: KSC American Democracy Project\, KSC Symposium Committee\, Mo nadnock Citizens Concerned about the Death Penalty\, and the Student Cente r Night Owl Café. SUMMARY:TED Talk - David R. Dow: Lessons From Death Row Inmates URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/1286/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1377482682949@keene.edu DTSTART:20130926T200000Z DTEND:20130926T214500Z DESCRIPTION:As part of the 4th annual KSC Music Education Guest Lecture Se ries\, please join Andrea Matthews for this interactive presentation. Free and open to the public. SUMMARY:Kodaly Pedagogy in the General Music Classroom URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/1248/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1378751855982@keene.edu DTSTART:20131008T230000Z DTEND:20131009T000000Z DESCRIPTION: SUMMARY:Sidore Lecture featuring Robin Hahnel on Participatory Economics URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/1308/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1380309969633@keene.edu DTSTART:20131013T120000Z DTEND:20131013T170000Z DESCRIPTION:Children bring complex emotional experience into the early chi ldhood and early grades classroom. Teachers who use reflective technique i n classroom practice can use language\, literacy\, social studies\, and ar t to help children connect to their own emotional experiences and become m ore empathic to others. Good Mirror\, Great Teacher gives teachers tools t o create a classroom that can better meet the needs of stressed and fragil e children. SUMMARY:Lesley Koplow - Good Mirror\, Great Teacher: Using Reflective Tech niques to Promote Connection and Empathy URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/1443/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1379977273143@keene.edu DTSTART:20131017T130000Z DTEND:20131017T150000Z DESCRIPTION:Keene State College is fortunate to host scholar\, musician\, and author\, José Antonio Bowen for a workshop on Thursday\, October 17th from 9 am – 11 am in Centennial Hall (light refreshments will be served at 8:45 am). Dr. Bowen’s workshop will focus on topics from his highly acclaimed book\, *Teaching Naked: How Moving Technology Out of Your Colle ge Classroom Will Improve Student Learning.* SUMMARY:José Antonio Bowen - "Teaching Naked" Author URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/1411/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1379529258039@keene.edu DTSTART:20131018T180000Z DTEND:20131018T193000Z DESCRIPTION:Sponsored by: KSC Restorative Circle Team\, Office of Diversi ty and Multiculturalism\, Symposium Committee\, American Democracy Project \, and Academic Affairs. SUMMARY:Can We Talk? Connection Through Circle Dialogue URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/1381/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1380912281123@keene.edu DTSTART:20131021T230000Z DTEND:20131022T010000Z DESCRIPTION:Phyllis Kornfeld\, founder of Cellblock Visions\, is an intern ationally known expert on prison art offers a slide/lecture presenting pow erful images and eloquent quotes that reveal this unseen subculture and il luminate the human faces of its inhabitants. SUMMARY:Cellblock Visions URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/1468/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1377482763408@keene.edu DTSTART:20131022T200000Z DTEND:20131022T214500Z DESCRIPTION:As part of the 4th annual KSC Music Education Guest Lecture Se ries\, please join Rebecca Coughlin for this interactive presentation. Fre e and open to the public. SUMMARY:Help! The Kids Know More about Technology than Me! URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/1249/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1380309697706@keene.edu DTSTART:20131029T223000Z DTEND:20131030T003000Z DESCRIPTION:Too often parenting seems like a never-ending battle of wills. The fear of losing the battle keeps us stuck in power struggles. We think it's our job to turn out happy\, responsible citizens of the world only t o be faced with demanding\, resistant kids who don't want to do what they' re told and won't take "no" for an answer. Life can be easier and much les s stressful when we understand behavior\, know what to expect and can inte rpret our children's demands. Then communication happens on a whole differ ent level—a much calmer one—and cooperation follows. Learn how to brin g more peace into your family and into your children's lives.\n SUMMARY:Bonnie Harris - The Way of the More Peaceful Parent URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/1442/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1382646441256@keene.edu DTSTART:20131104T000000Z DTEND:20131104T010000Z DESCRIPTION:Keynote Speaker: Colm Lydon\n\nDeputy Superintendent Lydon wor ks out of the Office of the Police Commissioner for the City of Boston. He is a lifelong resident of the City of Boston. He has been a Boston Police Officer for over 30 years and has worked in various ranks and positions i ncluding Patrol\, Drug Investigations\, District Command\, Homicide\, Host age Negotiations\, and his Current Appointment to the Command Staff. On be half of the Police Commissioner he has helped respond to\, and manage\, Sp ecial Events including Major Catastrophes and Investigations\, Protests\, Championship celebrations\, Presidential and Dignitary visits\, Major Trai ning Operations and a Variety of Internal and Community Issues that face a Major Metropolitan City every day. Deputy Lydon has been recognized for h is efforts earning over 50 Awards and Commendations. He has a Bachelors D egree from UMass/Boston and a Masters Degree in Criminal Justice from Bost on University.\n SUMMARY:Safeguarding the Commons: The Boston Marathon Bombing URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/1574/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1377482850577@keene.edu DTSTART:20131104T210000Z DTEND:20131104T224500Z DESCRIPTION:As part of the 4th annual KSC Music Education Guest Lecture Se ries\, please join Dr. Sarah McQuarrie for this interactive presentation. Free and open to the public. SUMMARY:Play a Poem and Sing a Story: Using Children's Literature to Meet the NAfME National Standards URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/1250/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1382646985749@keene.edu DTSTART:20131105T000000Z DTEND:20131105T010000Z DESCRIPTION:Peace Corps veterans will share about their personal service i n the “Global Commons” and how it influences their lives at home. \n\n Brian Baird\, President of Antioch Seattle\, will discuss the links betwee n serving the global commons and tending the various forms of the local co mmons through partnerships. Local veteran Peace Corps and service corps v olunteers will join in to share their personal journeys and experiences du ring a conversation about service.\n SUMMARY:The Peace Corps: Finding Your Place in the Global Commons URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/1575/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1382647332007@keene.edu DTSTART:20131106T000000Z DTEND:20131106T010000Z DESCRIPTION:Cheryl Brown Henderson is one of the three daughters of the la te Reverend Oliver L. Brown\, who\, along with 12 other parents led by the NAACP\, filed a lawsuit against the local Board of Education on behalf of their children in the historic case Oliver L. Brown et. al. vs. the Board of Education of Topeka\, et. al. The Brown decision initiated educational reform throughout the United States and was a catalyst in launching the m odern Civil Rights Movement. Bringing about change in the years since Brow n continues to prove difficult. But the Brown v. Board of Education victor y brought Americans one step closer to true freedom and equal rights. SUMMARY:Brown v. The Board of Education: The Legacy Continues URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/1576/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1383581034645@keene.edu DTSTART:20131106T190000Z DTEND:20131106T200000Z DESCRIPTION:Award-winning journalist Bill Seamans\, who headed the Middle East desk of ABC News from 1967 to 1991\, has donated his papers to the Ma son Library's Archives & Special Collections. \n\nHe appeared many times w ith with Peter Jennings on ABC Nightly News and with Ted Koppel on Nightli ne and will be speaking at 2 p.m. on Wednesday\, November 6\, in the libr ary's Marion Wood Reading Area. At that time\, he will also be exhibiting his poster collection\, which includes many rare and unique examples docum enting the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. \n\nThe papers that he has donate d to the archives include original typescript reports\, books\, and memora bilia covering his reporting on the events unfolding in Middle East and th e Israeli-Palestinian conflict over a period spanning more than two decade s. SUMMARY:ABC Journalist Bill Seamans URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/1603/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1382648988175@keene.edu DTSTART:20131107T000000Z DTEND:20131107T010000Z DESCRIPTION:Panelists: Mel Netzhammer\, Chancellor\, Washington State Univ ersity at Vancouver\, Stephen Reno\, Director\, Leadership New Hampshire\, George Epstein\, Trustee\, The University System of New Hampshire.\n\nThi s panel will explore how our public colleges and universities best equip t heir graduates for a world where technology is evolving rapidly. They wil l also discuss how higher education is adapting to a changing landscape\, and to purse that change without sacrificing the integrity of the mission of higher education SUMMARY:Public Higher Education: An Evolving 21st Century Commons URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/1577/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1377483151332@keene.edu DTSTART:20131107T150000Z DTEND:20131107T164500Z DESCRIPTION:As part of the 4th annual KSC Music Education Guest Lecture Se ries\, please join Sarah Seckla for this interactive presentation. Free an d open to the public. SUMMARY:SMARTBoard Activities in the Music Classroom URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/1251/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1383944582254@keene.edu DTSTART:20131113T230000Z DTEND:20131114T001500Z DESCRIPTION:Mikel Steadman\, Implementation & Integration Manager at Dyn w ill talk about Start-up & entrepreneurial spirit\, team structure\, dynami cs and working at a company like Dyn.\n\nDyn is one of New Hampshire’s f astest growing companies with a young and dynamic culture.\n\nwww.dyn.com\ n\nPizza and sodas will be provided.\n SUMMARY:Own your Ecosystem – Start-Up Dynamics & Enterprising Innovation URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/1621/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1384149118415@keene.edu DTSTART:20131117T230000Z DTEND:20131118T010000Z DESCRIPTION:Join us in welcoming US Senatorial candidate Jim Rubens on Sun day\, November 17 at 6 p.m. in the Mabel Brown Room. He will be giving a p resentation called "The Bigger Pie" in which he outlines the ways he think s we can grow the US economy\, with a particular focus on recent graduates and student loans.\n\nHosted by the KSC Republicans. SUMMARY:The Bigger Pie with US Senatorial candidate Jim Rubens URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/1624/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1384536968181@keene.edu DTSTART:20131120T230000Z DTEND:20131121T000000Z DESCRIPTION:Many of the things we use on a daily basis are made from caste d metal. From cars to computer\, many parts are cast metal. It’s a centu ries old process\, but there is a company in NH that is bringing this proc ess into the 21st century! \n\nCome learn more about Hitchiner Manufacturi ng\, a growing and innovative company based in Milford\, NH. They will tal k about their business\, industries they serve. There will be Q&A\, so com e prepared with your questions!\n\nHitchiner has an internship program and will be attending the KSC job fair. \n\nCheck them out at http://www.hit chiner.com/\n SUMMARY:Hitchiner Manufacturing Presentation URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/1651/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1384712368462@keene.edu DTSTART:20131122T140000Z DTEND:20131122T163000Z DESCRIPTION:Dr. Mary Gannon will facilitate a workshop to continue our pro cess of addressing the Keene State College strategic priority related to d iversity in curriculum\, co-curriculum and community\n\n SUMMARY:Co-creating an Intercultural and Equitable Environment URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/1653/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1384787812092@keene.edu DTSTART:20131123T193000Z DTEND:20131123T213000Z DESCRIPTION:KSC Chamber Singers will perform J.S. Bach's "Wachet auf\, ruf t uns die Stimme\, BWV 140" and selected works by Bruckner and Mendelssohn . Pre-concert lecture by Dr. Joseph Darby at 2:30pm\, 3:00pm performance. 20% concert proceeds to benefit The Keene Community Kitchen. Please bring a non-perishable food item. SUMMARY:Songs from Germany and Austria URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/1660/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1387828726814@keene.edu DTSTART:20140130T003000Z DTEND:20140130T020000Z DESCRIPTION:### Youth and the Importance of Answering the Call to Service and Action\n\nMartin Luther King/Civil Rights Recognition\n\nMusic by Mass achusetts based musician\, Pamela Means and Keynote address by Vermont Sta te Representative Kesha Ram\n\nMs. Ram serves Burlington’s Old North End \, Hill Section\, and University District in the Vermont House of Represen tatives. At 27 years old\, she is currently the youngest legislator servin g in Vermont. Kesha serves on the Ways & Means Committee\, which has juris diction over revenue generation for the state. When not in session\, Ms. R am is the Public Engagement Specialist for Burlington's Community and Econ omic Development Office. She also serves on the boards of the Center for W hole Communities and the University of Vermont. Her work has earned her re cognition as a Morris K. Udall Scholar\, Ronald E. McNair Scholar\, Harry S. Truman Scholar\, and Oxfam Climate Change Ambassador. SUMMARY:Creating the Beloved Community URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/1701/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1377483216170@keene.edu DTSTART:20140130T210000Z DTEND:20140130T224500Z DESCRIPTION:As part of the 4th annual KSC Music Education Guest Lecture Se ries\, please join Ken Clark for this interactive presentation. Free and o pen to the public. SUMMARY:Jazz Strategies in the Public Schools URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/1252/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1390423730602@keene.edu DTSTART:20140206T000000Z DTEND:20140206T020000Z DESCRIPTION:###**PLEASE NOTE: Due to inclement weather\, the Ewing Lecture will be postponed. A reschedule date will be announced shortly.**\n\nJame s D. Ewing World Affairs Lecture\n\nRoya Hakakian\, author\, poet\, and ac tivist\n\nHakakian is the author of two collections of poetry in Persian. She serves on the board of Refugees International and is a founding member of the Iran Human Rights Documentation Center. She has written a memoir o f growing up as a Jewish teenager in post-revolutionary Iran\, Journey fro m the Land of No\, and her most recent book is Assassins of the Turquoise Palace\, about Iran’s terror campaign against exiled Iranian dissidents in Western Europe. Hakakian is also a recipient of the 2008 Guggenheim Fel lowship in Nonfiction.\n\nBorn and raised in a Jewish family in Tehran\, R oya Hakakian came to the United States in May 1985 on political asylum.\n\ nThis is a symposium threaded event. SUMMARY:Journey from the Land of No - A Girlhood Caught in Revolutionary I ran - POSTPONED URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/1816/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1391552552508@keene.edu DTSTART:20140219T000000Z DTEND:20140219T013000Z DESCRIPTION:Law Enforcement Against Prohibition is an international 501(c) 3 nonprofit organization of criminal justice professionals who bear perso nal witness to the wasteful futility and harms of our current drug policie s.\n\nOur experience on the front lines of the “war on drugs” has led us to call for a repeal of prohibition and its replacement with a tight sy stem of legalized regulation\, which will effectively cripple the violent cartels and street dealers who control the current illegal market. SUMMARY:Law Enforcement Against Prohibition URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/1853/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1392582470635@keene.edu DTSTART:20140220T203000Z DTEND:20140220T220000Z DESCRIPTION:Join us as Keene State students give a brief presentation abou t their country of origin.\n\nThe flags being raised are: \n\nBhutan\, Chi le\, Dominican Republic\, Guatemala\, Malawi\, Netherlands\, Southern Viet nam. \n\nRefreshments representative of some of the countries will served . \n SUMMARY:Flag Raising Ceremony URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/1970/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1392657642940@keene.edu DTSTART:20140224T230000Z DTEND:20140225T000000Z DESCRIPTION:Open Lecture presented by Dr. Andrej Findor.\n\nDr. Findor wil l discuss the intellectual aspects of why certain historical events are co llectively remembered and memorialized\, while similar events are forgotte n. He will bring in perspectives from the fields of psychology\, economic s\, and sociology to explore why the genocidal murder of Roma gypsies duri ng WWII has never been collectively memorialized and is largely forgotten by members of the public\, politicians\, and academics. SUMMARY:The Curious Politics of Remembrance and Forgetting URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/1976/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:event.1377483276714@keene.edu DTSTART:20140227T210000Z DTEND:20140227T224500Z DESCRIPTION:As part of the 4th annual KSC Music Education Guest Lecture Se ries\, please join Mike Adams for this interactive presentation. Free and open to the public. SUMMARY:The Balanced Curriculum URL:http://www.keene.edu/news/events/detail/1253/ END:VEVENT END:VCALENDAR

1. Introduction {#sec1-vaccines-07-00191} =============== Gonorrhoea is a sexually transmitted disease estimated to cause at least 78 million new cases worldwide per year \[[@B1-vaccines-07-00191]\]. The causal organism, *Neisseria gonorrhoeae,* is listed as a high priority pathogen for research into novel treatments by the WHO \[[@B2-vaccines-07-00191]\] due to its ability to rapidly develop resistance to antibiotics \[[@B3-vaccines-07-00191]\]. Isolates with resistance to the last recommended treatment combining ceftriaxone with azithromycin have been detected in several individuals from the United Kingdom \[[@B4-vaccines-07-00191],[@B5-vaccines-07-00191]\] and Australia \[[@B6-vaccines-07-00191]\] shortly after overseas travel, emphasising the potential for global spread of intractable or even incurable *N. gonorrhoeae.* Infections are typically self-limiting and restricted to mucosal sites, however, untreated infection of females can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease, infertility and ectopic pregnancies \[[@B7-vaccines-07-00191]\]. Sexually transmitted infections including *N. gonorrhoeae* have also been linked with a significantly greater risk of contracting HIV \[[@B8-vaccines-07-00191]\]. Infection with *N. gonorrhoeae* results in an initial neutrophilic inflammatory response at the site of infection \[[@B9-vaccines-07-00191],[@B10-vaccines-07-00191]\] and limited, short-lived humoral responses \[[@B11-vaccines-07-00191]\]. Experimental infection of human subjects \[[@B12-vaccines-07-00191]\] and longitudinal studies of high risk individuals \[[@B13-vaccines-07-00191],[@B14-vaccines-07-00191]\] show that acquisition and subsequent clearance of an infection does not protect against further infections with *N. gonorrhoeae*. Humoral responses to highly variable but abundant cell wall components such as lipooligosaccharides (LOS) and pili, as well as cellular responses that are skewed towards T helper (Th) 17 and regulatory T (T~reg~) cells, are reported to be elevated after recent infection (reviewed in \[[@B15-vaccines-07-00191]\]). Recent studies in mice suggest that skewing mucosal responses away from Th17/T~reg~ axis towards Th1/cellular immunity leads to improved clearance of *N. gonorrhoeae* \[[@B16-vaccines-07-00191],[@B17-vaccines-07-00191]\]. Multiple pre-clinical vaccine candidate antigens have been identified as having promising activity in mouse models (reviewed in \[[@B18-vaccines-07-00191]\]); of note, a peptide mimic that targets a highly conserved epitope of LOS shows particular potential but has not yet been tested in humans (reviewed in \[[@B19-vaccines-07-00191]\]). To date, those vaccines tested in humans have largely failed to stimulate protection from infection \[[@B20-vaccines-07-00191],[@B21-vaccines-07-00191]\]. Detection of serum bactericidal antibody (SBA) is a key correlate of vaccine-induced protective immunity for *N. meningitidis* \[[@B22-vaccines-07-00191]\], a close relative of *N. gonorrhoeae* \[[@B23-vaccines-07-00191]\], and considered likely to be important for protection against *N. gonorrhoeae*. The SBA assay measures killing of bacteria after exposure to an exogenous source of complement and defined dilutions of immune antibodies, which leads to cell lysis by activation of the classical complement pathway \[[@B24-vaccines-07-00191]\]. Normal human serum (NHS) is often used in SBA assays as a source of complement, and a key component of assay validation is confirmation that addition of NHS alone does not initiate killing of bacteria. This is particularly important because *N. gonorroheae* clinical isolates show variable sensitivity to NHS, with those strains associated with disseminated disease more likely to be serum-resistant \[[@B25-vaccines-07-00191],[@B26-vaccines-07-00191]\], as are those freshly isolated from clinical specimens \[[@B27-vaccines-07-00191]\]. The conventional methodology for detection of SBA or serum sensitivity of gonococci or meningococci uses enumeration by colony counting, which is labour intensive, requires an overnight incubation step and relies on large quantities of agar plates \[[@B28-vaccines-07-00191]\]. Use of a commercially available reagent for detecting bacterial ATP in microtitre plates using a luminescent readout as a surrogate for bacterial viability/colony forming units (CFU) has been described for measurement of SBA to *N. meningitidis* serogroups A and W, as well as several other pathogenic bacteria \[[@B29-vaccines-07-00191],[@B30-vaccines-07-00191]\]. We describe the utility of this approach to measure serum sensitivity and SBA to gonococci. 2. Materials and Methods {#sec2-vaccines-07-00191} ======================== 2.1. Culture of Bacteria {#sec2dot1-vaccines-07-00191} ------------------------ *N. gonorrhoeae* strains FA1090 (ATCC 700825), MS11 (ATCC BAA-1833) and P9-17 \[[@B27-vaccines-07-00191]\] were used in this study. Fresh cultures of bacteria were prepared from frozen stocks by streaking onto gonococcal agar (GCA) consisting of gonococcal (GC) agar base supplemented with 5 g/L bovine dried haemoglobin and 1% v/v IsoVitaleX (BD Biosciences, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA). Bacteria were grown overnight at 37 °C, 5% CO~2~, then streaked onto fresh GCA and cultured for 6 h to produce mid-log cultures. In experiments using cytidine-5′-monophospho-N-acetylneuraminic acid (CMP-NANA, Sigma C8271), bacteria from overnight cultures were used to inoculate GC-proteose peptone broth (GCB) supplemented with 1% v/v IsoVitaleX with/without 4 µg/mL CMP-NANA \[[@B31-vaccines-07-00191]\] and incubated at 37 °C with shaking for approximately 3 h until an A~600~ of 0.45 (\~2 × 10^8^ CFU/mL) was reached. 2.2. Human and Murine Sera {#sec2dot2-vaccines-07-00191} -------------------------- Normal human serum (NHS) from healthy human donors was used as a source of complement for serum sensitivity and SBA assays. Peripheral blood was obtained by venipuncture under The University of Auckland Human Participants Ethics Committee approval, reference 021200. All donors gave informed written consent prior to blood sampling. Blood was allowed to clot for a maximum of 30 min, serum collected after centrifugation (1250 × g, 20 min, 4 °C) and aliquots stored at −80 °C. NHS was diluted to 16.7% v/v for use as a complement source, which is within the recommended range of 10%--20% v/v for gonococcal bactericidal assays \[[@B32-vaccines-07-00191]\]. NHS was heat-inactivated at 56 °C for 30 min before use (hiNHS) as a complement inactivated control. Anti-sera to gonococcal outer membrane vesicles (OMV) were raised in mice. Preparation of detergent-extracted *N. gonorroheae* OMV extracts from P9-17, FA1090 and MS11 was on the basis of the methodology described for isolation of *N. meningitidis* OMVs for human vaccination \[[@B33-vaccines-07-00191]\], with minor adaptations \[[@B34-vaccines-07-00191]\]. *N. gonorrhoeae* was grown overnight in GCB at 37 °C, 5% CO~2~ with gentle shaking, followed by incubation at 40 °C for 2 h. Briefly, bacteria were harvested by centrifugation and the pellet treated twice for 30 min with 0.1 M Tris-HCl pH 8.6, 10 mM EDTA and 0.5% w/v sodium deoxycholate. The supernatants underwent ultracentrifugation (100,000 × g, 2 h, 4 °C), then the pelleted material was suspended in PBS, filter sterilized and stored at 4 °C. The protein content of the OMV extracts was quantified with a Pierce BCA Protein Assay Kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Auckland, New Zealand). Groups of three female specific pathogen free CD1 mice aged 5--6 weeks were immunised via the intra-peritoneal route with 4 µg of *N. gonorrhoeae* OMV extract adsorbed to alum adjuvant (Alu-Gel-S, 2%, Serva) on days 0, 14 and 28. Baseline blood samples were collected prior to vaccination and immune serum was collected 7 days after the final immunisation. Blood was collected into microvette 500 Z-gel tubes (Sarstedt), and serum was harvested after 1 hour and stored at −80 °C. Immune sera were pooled for the SBA and were heat-inactivated before use as a source of anti-gonococcal immune antibodies in the SBA assay. Animal work was approved by The University of Auckland Animal Ethics Committee (protocol 1816) and was conducted in accordance with the university's Code of Ethical Conduct and the Animal Welfare Act 1999. Mice were sourced from the Vernon Jansen Unit (University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand), monitored daily by qualified staff and suffered no adverse effects from these manipulations. 2.3. Comparison of CFU and ATP Readouts {#sec2dot3-vaccines-07-00191} --------------------------------------- *N. gonorrhoeae* was grown to mid-log on GCA and suspended in Dulbecco's modification of PBS (PBSB) at a UV A~260~ of 1 (\~4.2 × 10^9^ CFU/mL), further diluted to 4 × 10^8^ CFU/mL, then serial diluted in PBSB and incubated for 1 h at 37 °C, 5% CO~2~ in round-bottomed microtitre plates before measurement of ATP by luminescence or determination of CFU. The CFU of the starting inoculum was to confirm that bacteria numbers remained unaltered after 1 h in PBSB. For enumeration of colonies, 15 µL of the initial suspension was diluted, spread onto GCA without haemoglobin in triplicate using a sterile loop and incubated overnight at 37 °C, 5% CO~2~. Quantification of bacteria by measurement of ATP was determined with BacTiter-Glo (Promega) prepared as per the manufacturer's instructions. After the 1 h incubation step, the microtitre plate was centrifuged at RT for 10 min at 3220 × g, supernatant was removed from each well and the pelleted bacteria was re-suspended in PBSB. Half of this suspension was transferred to a 96-well white flat bottom microtitre plate (Greiner Bio-One, Kremsmünster, Austria) and an equal volume of BacTiter-Glo reagent added to each well. The reaction was incubated for 5--10 min at RT on an orbital shaker before the luminescence signal was read using a Victor X Light 2030 Luminescence Reader (PerkinElmer, Waltham, MA, USA). Each plate was read three consecutive times and the average counts per second (CPS) for each reaction recorded. The background signal from a blank well containing PBSB was subtracted from each reading. 2.4. Measurement of Serum Sensitivity {#sec2dot4-vaccines-07-00191} ------------------------------------- *N. gonorrhoeae* was grown to mid-log on GCA and suspended in Dulbecco's modification of PBS (PBSB) as detailed above. Reaction mixes containing \~1 × 10^3^ CFU *N. gonorrhoeae* and 16.7% v/v NHS or heat-inactivated NHS control for every donor were adjusted to a final volume of 0.1 mL in PBSB-hiFBS (PBSB-1% v/v heat-inactivated foetal bovine serum (Thermo Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA)). The reaction mix was incubated for 1 h at 37 °C, 5% CO~2~ in round-bottomed microtitre plates and bacteria enumerated as per [Section 2.3](#sec2dot3-vaccines-07-00191){ref-type="sec"}. Reaction mixes for ATP-based measurement of bacterial killing were identical to the CFU-based method, except that \~5 × 10^3^ CFU bacteria were used in the reaction mix for this assay; downstream processing was as per [Section 2.3](#sec2dot3-vaccines-07-00191){ref-type="sec"}. Serum sensitivity was calculated as a percentage of CFU or CPS signal in the presence of NHS compared to hiNHS. Values were reported as zero when bacteria numbers increased in the presence of NHS. 2.5. Quantification of SBA {#sec2dot5-vaccines-07-00191} -------------------------- Measurement of SBA by CFU was determined as previously described \[[@B35-vaccines-07-00191]\], with minor modifications for quantification of bacterial ATP by luminescence. *N. gonorrhoeae* was grown to mid-log on GCA and suspended in Dulbecco's modification of PBS (PBSB). Reaction mixes containing \~1 × 10^3^ CFU *N. gonorrhoeae* (CFU) or \~5 × 10^3^ CFU (ATP), 16.7% v/v NHS and 10% v/v diluted heat-inactivated murine anti-sera were adjusted to a final volume of 0.1 ml in PBSB-hiFBS. The murine anti-sera was diluted to a starting titre of either 1/16 or 1/32, then diluted twofold in PBSB to 1/2048. NHS- and hiNHS-only assay control reactions were included in every assay. The reaction mix was incubated for 1 hour at 37 °C, 5% CO~2~ in round-bottomed microtitre plates, and bacteria were enumerated as per [Section 2.3](#sec2dot3-vaccines-07-00191){ref-type="sec"}. Bacterial survival was calculated by expressing test CFU or CPS values as a proportion of the maximum CFU or CPS value (i.e., the NHS-only reaction). Survival values calculated as \>100% were reported as 100%. The titre was defined as the reciprocal of the interpolated serum dilution that killed 50% of the bacteria in comparison to the NHS only reaction. Titres were log-transformed for plotting and determination of exact SBA titres. These were calculated using Opsotiter3, an Excel-based data processing program from The University of Alabama at Birmingham reference library (UABRF) and licenced from UABRF \[[@B36-vaccines-07-00191],[@B37-vaccines-07-00191],[@B38-vaccines-07-00191]\]. 2.6. Statistical Analysis {#sec2dot6-vaccines-07-00191} ------------------------- All data were from three independent biological repeats. The results from each biological repeat are either shown individually on a single plot or combined to display mean ± standard deviation. All statistical analyses were carried out in GraphPad Prism Version 7.03 (GraphPad Software, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA); the tests applied are indicated in the figure legends. 3. Results {#sec3-vaccines-07-00191} ========== 3.1. Comparison of Luminescent and CFU Readouts {#sec3dot1-vaccines-07-00191} ----------------------------------------------- To determine whether BacTiter-Glo is a viable choice to quantify *N. gonorrhoeae* survival, initial experiments compared ATP readings from three *N. gonorrhoeae* isolates across a broad range of CFU (\~200--10^7^ CFU/well). The ATP (luminescent) signal rose with increased *N. gonorrhoeae* CFU across the range tested ([Figure 1](#vaccines-07-00191-f001){ref-type="fig"}). There was a high correlation between CFU and ATP levels for all strains across the full range of concentrations tested (*r* \> 0.9), with the most reliable readouts in the range of 2 × 10^3^--1 × 10^6^ CFU/well for each of the three *N. gonorrhoeae* strains tested ([Figure 1](#vaccines-07-00191-f001){ref-type="fig"}). All subsequent experiments used \~5 × 10^3^ CFU bacteria/well for the ATP assay to ensure a strong signal above background. 3.2. Use of Bioluminescent Assay to Screen for NHS Sensitivity {#sec3dot2-vaccines-07-00191} -------------------------------------------------------------- Sera from 10 NHS donors were screened for bactericidal activity against *N. gonorrhoeae* P9-17, MS11 and FA1090 using both CFU enumeration and ATP readouts in parallel. Reported levels of bacterial killing were either lower or equivalent in the ATP assay relative to enumeration of CFU in all three strains ([Figure 2](#vaccines-07-00191-f002){ref-type="fig"}). The P9-17 strain had low levels of serum-mediated killing (0%--30%) after exposure to sera from all 10 donors and both methods produced similar results ([Figure 2](#vaccines-07-00191-f002){ref-type="fig"}). In contrast, serum sensitivity results from the two assays diverged significantly for the MS11 strain (*p* \< 0.05 for all donors) and the FA1090 strain (*p* \< 0.05 for 5/10 donors). Of particular note, serum from donors 3 and 4 elicited little or no bactericidal activity in the ATP assay, but between 60%--90% killing after enumeration of CFU from both *N. gonorrhoeae* FA1090 and MS11. On the basis of these results, the P9-17 and MS11 strains had the best profiles for use in ATP-based SBA assays, representing resistant and susceptible strains, respectively. Unless specified otherwise, serum from donor 2 was used as a source of complement for all subsequent assays, in combination with the *N. gonorrhoeae* P9-17 strain. 3.3. Quantification of SBA by Detection of ATP {#sec3dot3-vaccines-07-00191} ---------------------------------------------- Assays to determine the SBA of murine anti-sera raised to *N. gonorrhoeae* P9-17 OMV extracts against *N. gonorrhoeae* P9-17 were carried out using the CFU or ATP method in parallel to directly compare the outcome. Each individual test used the same stock of bacteria and reaction mix. Bacteria were re-suspended in a volume of 100 µL buffer and 50 µL of this suspension used for detection of ATP in initial feasibility tests for this assay ([Figure 1](#vaccines-07-00191-f001){ref-type="fig"}). However further testing showed that comparable results were obtained from bacteria re-suspended in 30 µL buffer, with 25 µL of this suspension used for detection of ATP ([Figure 3](#vaccines-07-00191-f003){ref-type="fig"}). This adjustment meant that a larger proportion of bacteria from the reaction mix were used for reading out luminescence (\>80% vs. 50%) and yielded similar results (*r* = 0.98). There were no significant differences between any paired sets of data, but standard deviations were reduced and detection of bacterial viability at serum dilutions of 1/32 and 1/64 was improved with the smaller re-suspension volume. This modification reduced the use of a costly reagent without affecting the data obtained, and therefore was adopted for all further assays. A comparison of the range of raw values obtained with the ATP method versus colony counting readouts is shown in [Figure 4](#vaccines-07-00191-f004){ref-type="fig"}A. Detection of ATP via luminescence gave readouts ranging from an average of 1552 CPS at a serum dilution of 1/32 through to 6756 at a dilution of 1/2048. Enumeration by colony count gave values of 11 to 126 CFU at the same dilutions. Control wells comprising bacteria incubated in NHS alone had average values of 6755 CPS and 126 CFU, respectively. There was a degree of variability in the range of raw values, particularly for the ATP assay ([Figure 4](#vaccines-07-00191-f004){ref-type="fig"}A), but importantly readouts of bacterial survival remained consistent between assays ([Figure 4](#vaccines-07-00191-f004){ref-type="fig"}B). The average SBA titre obtained with the CFU assay was higher than the ATP assay (223 vs. 134) and the average maximum killing was also increased in the CFU assay relative to the ATP assay (92% vs. 78%) ([Figure 4](#vaccines-07-00191-f004){ref-type="fig"}B). However, a direct comparison of quantification of SBA titres by CFU and ATP showed a strong correlation between the two methods (*r* = 0.97, *p* \< 0.001). Although bacterial survival was higher at all dilutions using the ATP method, a significant difference between the assays was only evident at 1/64, *p* \< 0.05 ([Figure 4](#vaccines-07-00191-f004){ref-type="fig"}B). The ATP assay was performed with approximately five-fold more bacteria, which may partially account for the trend towards a lower titre and high bacterial survival. Antisera to OMV preparations from the other *N. gonorrhoeae* isolates were tested for cross-reactive SBA using the *N. gonorrhoeae* P9-17 ATP SBA assay; the anti-P9-17 OMV SBA data shown in [Figure 4](#vaccines-07-00191-f004){ref-type="fig"} were included as a point of comparison. A twofold titration starting at 1/16 showed no killing activity with sera against FA1090 OMVs (bacterial survival \>80% at all dilutions tested), whereas anti-sera against MS11 OMVs had moderate cross-reactive bactericidal activity against *N. gonorrhoeae* P9-17 (endpoint titre = 56, maximum killing = 67%) ([Figure 5](#vaccines-07-00191-f005){ref-type="fig"}). Sialylation of lipooligosaccharides (LOS) is linked with the resistance of *N. gonorrhoeae* to serum-mediated killing by preventing activation of the complement cascade \[[@B31-vaccines-07-00191],[@B39-vaccines-07-00191]\]; this is a critical variable to consider when determining potential bactericidal activity of anti-gonococcal immune sera. The FA1090 and MS11 strains, both of which showed a degree of sensitivity to sera from donors 1 and 2 ([Figure 2](#vaccines-07-00191-f002){ref-type="fig"}), were chemically sialylated with 4 µg/mL CMP-NANA to verify that reduced bacterial killing could be detected using quantification of ATP as a readout. Treatment with CMP-NANA prevented killing of *N. gonorrhoeae* MS11 ([Figure 6](#vaccines-07-00191-f006){ref-type="fig"}A; *p* \< 0.05 for donor 1 and *p* \< 0.01 for donor 2) and reduced NHS mediated killing of *N. gonorrhoeae* FA1090 by approximately 50% ([Figure 6](#vaccines-07-00191-f006){ref-type="fig"}B; *p* = 0.203 for donor 1 and *p* \< 0.05 for donor 2). A reduction in SBA activity after sialylation of the P9-17 strain was also detected using the ATP assay (53% vs. 14.5% killing at a serum dilution of 1/64, *p* \< 0.01; [Figure 6](#vaccines-07-00191-f006){ref-type="fig"}C). 4. Discussion {#sec4-vaccines-07-00191} ============= Detection and quantification of *N. gonorrhoeae* ATP using a commercially available luminescent substrate showed utility as an alternative approach to manual enumeration of CFU for measuring SBA to *N. gonorrhoeae*. In contrast, screening of NHS from multiple donors using the ATP method under-estimated serum sensitivity of the FA1090 and MS11 strains relative to the CFU method, suggesting that it is unsuited to this particular assay. These results indicate that detection of bacterial viability by ATP is most appropriate for assays where rapid killing of bacteria is expected, such as SBA, where killing is initiated by rapid activation of the classical complement pathway, leading to formation of C5b9 and lysis of gram-negative bacteria, a process that occurs within minutes of exposure \[[@B40-vaccines-07-00191]\]. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report detailing the use of an ATP assay to measure SBA to *N. gonorrhoeae*. In line with an earlier report describing the utility of this reagent for other bacteria \[[@B29-vaccines-07-00191]\], use of this method to measure SBA offers multiple advantages, including a substantially reduced time to acquire results (3 h vs. \>24 h), a sizeable decrease in hands-on time by laboratory personnel and the capacity to test large sets of samples in a single day. The cost of reagents and consumables for the ATP assay is lower than the conventional plate-based method. This assay could also be applied to other tests that rely on measuring *N. gonorrhoeae* viability, such as screening of antimicrobials, to streamline testing and identification of new drugs. The *N. gonorrhoeae* strains used in this study were chosen because they are frequently used for identification or testing of novel vaccine candidate antigens \[[@B35-vaccines-07-00191],[@B41-vaccines-07-00191],[@B42-vaccines-07-00191]\], for understanding gonococcal virulence \[[@B43-vaccines-07-00191]\] and for use as challenge strains for murine \[[@B44-vaccines-07-00191],[@B45-vaccines-07-00191],[@B46-vaccines-07-00191]\] or human models of infection \[[@B9-vaccines-07-00191],[@B10-vaccines-07-00191]\]. Detection of bacteria using CFU versus ATP readouts produced a similar outcome with all three strains, suggesting that comparable results are likely to be obtained with other *N. gonorrhoeae* isolates. Studying clinically relevant strains will be important for determining potential strain-dependent variability of SBA in humans. The P9-17 strain was the most tractable strain in this study---it showed little or no serum sensitivity to NHS from multiple donors when measured by the CFU or ATP methods. In comparison the MS11 and FA1090 strains, both showed sensitivity to many or all of these sera under the conditions used, with higher levels of killing observed when bacterial survival was quantified by CFU. These results emphasise that NHS donors need to be screened carefully and/or that a smaller quantity of NHS should be used as a source of complement for assays using these strains. The FA1090 strain showed a surprising degree of serum susceptibility, given it is widely reported as a serum-resistant strain \[[@B10-vaccines-07-00191]\]. However, serum resistance can be lost with in vitro passaging \[[@B27-vaccines-07-00191],[@B47-vaccines-07-00191]\], which is the most likely explanation for this unexpected result. Alternatively, a portion of our NHS donors may have cross-reactive bactericidal antibodies to some strains of *N. gonorrhoeae*. Of note, a large proportion of New Zealand's population (\~1 million) received an OMV-based vaccine to *N. meningitidis* serogroup B (MenB) from 2004 to 2008 \[[@B48-vaccines-07-00191]\], and some of these individuals may have entered our pool of NHS donors. The NHS used in this study was not pre-treated to eliminate cross-reactive antibodies \[[@B28-vaccines-07-00191]\], but is an important consideration for future studies. Alternatively, it was demonstrated that serum sensitivity of both these strains could be reduced by sialylation with CMP-NANA, with the caveat that this is likely to inhibit SBA mediated killing. Reduced susceptibility to SBA-mediated killing was shown with *N. gonorrhoeae* P9-17 sialylated with CMP-NANA relative to untreated bacteria. Determination of bacterial survival by the ATP method was sufficient to show development of higher SBA titres to the P9-17 strain with anti-sera raised to homologous OMVs, compared to an intermediate or no detectable cross-reactive SBA with anti-sera against MS11 or FA1090 OMVs, respectively. The homologous anti-P9-17 SBA response reported here is similar to a previous study, which indicated that vaccination of mice with sodium deoxycholate-extracted OMVs from P9-17 stimulated a SBA titre of 256 when delivered in alum adjuvant, compared to a titre of \>1000 with OMVs prepared without detergent \[[@B35-vaccines-07-00191]\]. Some limitations of the ATP approach were observed. Reliable quantification of *N. gonorrhoeae* required the preparation of a reaction mix containing a higher number of bacteria (\~5 × 10^3^ CFU) to ensure luminescence readouts were well above background. This was partially because a portion of the re-suspended bacteria had to be transferred into another plate and combined with an equal volume of substrate for detection of ATP by luminescence. Results obtained with this higher number of bacteria were compared to a well-established CFU-based SBA that used \~1 × 10^3^ CFU \[[@B35-vaccines-07-00191]\]. The reduced serum sensitivity and antibody-mediated bacterial killing detected with the ATP assay was likely due to the addition of approximately five-fold more bacteria. Use of higher numbers of bacteria may have been responsible for the variation in serum-sensitivity between the ATP and CFU readouts, potentially by reducing or delaying non-specific serum mediated killing. Therefore, in its current format, the ATP assay under-estimates serum sensitivity of *N. gonorrhoeae* and should not be used in place of the traditional CFU-based method. However, despite the addition of higher numbers of bacteria for the ATP assay, detection of bacterial survival after incubation with bactericidal anti-sera was not significantly altered when compared to the conventional CFU-based method. Successful detection of SBA in sera from human subjects infected or recovering from infection with gonorrhoea has been reported using up to \~10^7^ CFU without a substantial loss of sensitivity \[[@B49-vaccines-07-00191]\]. Another significant difference between the standard CFU method and measurement of ATP is in processing time. *N. gonorrhoeae* and anti-sera are typically combined for 30--60 minutes prior to plating for CFU \[[@B28-vaccines-07-00191]\]. Plating for determination of CFU can be time-consuming, particularly if a large-scale assay is performed. Until transfer to agar plates and incubation, the bacteria remain in sub-optimal conditions for survival and continue to be exposed to the active components of the reaction. In contrast, the bacteria are pelleted and lysed for immediate quantification of ATP, a process that takes approximately 15 min, and therefore there is no potential for additional killing to occur. These differences in processing may partially explain the enhanced bacterial survival observed when serum sensitivity was compared using both ATP and CFU readouts. It has recently been observed that MenB vaccines reduce rates of gonorrhoea at a population level \[[@B50-vaccines-07-00191],[@B51-vaccines-07-00191],[@B52-vaccines-07-00191],[@B53-vaccines-07-00191]\], which now provides the impetus to retrospectively examine historic resources, such as samples from trials with New Zealand's MeNZB vaccine \[[@B54-vaccines-07-00191]\], as well as materials generated from more recent vaccine trials, to understand possible mechanisms of protection. This assay can be used to aid the global effort to develop a vaccine for gonorrhoea by facilitating testing of sera for possible cross-reactive SBA conferred by MenB OMV vaccines or for testing novel vaccine candidate antigens for bactericidal effects. 5. Conclusions {#sec5-vaccines-07-00191} ============== Measurement of *N. gonorrhoeae* survival by detection of ATP in a luminescent assay produced comparable results to manual plating and quantification of bacterial CFU for determination of SBA. Luminescent assays have the advantage of being high throughput, with a fast turnaround, offering the prospect of being able to screen large banks of samples for bactericidal activity relatively quickly. This approach could also be applied to contemporary clinical isolates of *N. gonorrhoeae*, including those with known anti-microbial resistance profiles, for rapid testing of new drugs. The development of new assays to study *N. gonorrhoeae* is a high priority because multi-drug resistant strains are a global concern and there is an urgent need to identify alternative treatments such as novel antibiotics or a vaccine. Conceptualization, M.C., F.J.R.; methodology, F.C., C.J.O.H, M.C., F.J.R.; validation, F.C.; formal analysis, F.C., F.J.R.; resources, M.C., F.J.R.; data curation, F.C., F.J.R.; writing---original draft preparation, F.C., F.J.R.; writing---review and editing, F.C., C.J.O.H., M.C., and F.J.R.; visualization, F.C., F.J.R.; supervision, M.C., F.R.; project administration, F.J.R.; funding acquisition, F.J.R. This study was supported by the Royal Society of New Zealand Te Apārangi Catalyst: Seeding Fund \[grant number 17-UOA-059-CSG\]. GlaxoSmithKline provide support for a PhD student of M.C. The remaining authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results. {#vaccines-07-00191-f001} {#vaccines-07-00191-f002} {#vaccines-07-00191-f003} {#vaccines-07-00191-f004} {#vaccines-07-00191-f005} {#vaccines-07-00191-f006}

If you're stuck with a system with inadequate graphics horsepower with no way to upgrade the GPU—laptop, a mini PC configuration, and so forth—you may wish you could sell your soul for a solution, but that's a little extreme. A little less extreme is to invite the Devil into your home. Powercolor's Devil Box, that is. The Devil Box is another of a small number of external graphics card enclosures out there. It's based on AMD's XConnect technology introduced earlier this year and works with "qualified" graphics cards from both AMD and Nvidia. A 500W power supply sits inside the Devil Box. It's an easy process to setup and use—just plug a compatible graphics card into the enclosure like you would a free PCI-E x16 slot on your motherboard, attach the power cables, and then connect the Devil Box to your ultra-thin laptop, Skull Canyon NUC, or whatever other system you're injecting with an external graphics upgrade using the included Thunderbolt 3 cable. The PSU can provide up to 375W of power to the graphics card, with the rest of its capacity going to four USB 3.0 ports (one on the front, three in back), a GbE LAN interface, and up to 60W for charging devices over the USB 3.1 Type-C port. There's also a 2.5-inch drive bay inside for installing an SSD to use as external storage, though that's a complimentary feature and obviously not the main selling point. The Devil Box is all about the graphics. To that end it supports AMD's latest Radeon RX 480 and Nvidia's GeForce GTX 10 series graphics cards, according to Newegg, which is the only place it's available in the U.S. Powercolor said it's only making a limited number of these available to be sold in the U.S., Germany (Mindfactory), the U.K. (Overclocker), China (JD), Japan (Amazon), and Singapore (Banleong). It's priced at $380 (€419) and that's without a graphics card. That's pricey (though not as much as the Razer Core at $500) and you'll have to decide if it's worth the cost or if that money would be better spent on a new system altogether.

Here are your quick and dirty, editorial-free WWE Raw results for July 11, 2016. The show featured The New Day visiting the Wyatt Family’s compound, a battle royal to name a new number-one contender for the Intercontinental Championship, and more. Be back here tomorrow for the full Best and Worst of Raw column. WWE Raw Results: 1. Darren Young won a battle royal to name a new number-one contender to the Intercontinental Championship. Baron Corbin and Apollo Crews eliminated each other, leaving Young alone as the winner. Young will face The Miz for the Intercontinental Championship. 2. Sheamus defeated Zack Ryder. Ryder challenged Rusev for the United States Championship backstage before the match, but Sheamus attacked him. Sheamus won the match with a Brogue Kick. After the match, Rusev attacked Ryder, put him in The Accolade and accepted the challenge. 3. Breezango defeated the Lucha Dragons. Tyler Breeze pinned Kalisto after a superkick when Kalisto was perched on the top rope. – Seth Rollins aired “The Rollins Report,” a heavily edited clip of him “interviewing” Roman Reigns about his suspension. Rollins was confronted by Dean Ambrose, and Ambrose agreed to give Rollins a one-on-one championship match whenever he wants. The match was made for next week. 4. Kevin Owens defeated Cesaro. Before the match, Owens had security escort Sami Zayn out of color commentary, and they briefly brawled. Owens pinned Cesaro after a Torture Rack into a neckbreaker. After the match, Zayn attacked Owens again and fed him two Cesaro, who gave Owens a giant swing. 5. Titus O’Neil defeated Heath Slater. O’Neil pinned Slater after a Clash of the Titus. – New Day visited The Wyatt Family’s compound in a pre-taped, Grindhouse-style fight that included axes, garbage cans and broken car windows. It just kind of ended with Bray telling them to follow the buzzards.

What does duplex ultrasound add to sexual history, nocturnal penile tumescence and intracavernosal injection of smooth muscle relaxant, in the diagnosis of erectile dysfunction? A consecutive series of 52 men presenting with erectile dysfunction were assessed with (i) standardized sexual history, (ii) nocturnal penile tumescence and rigidity monitoring (NPTR), (iii) Rigiscan assessment of response to intracavernosal papaverine or prostaglandin injection (ICI), and (iv) duplex ultrasonography. Subjects were categorized into 'organic', 'psychogenic' or 'uncertain' on the basis of the first three assessments, and duplex variables compared across the diagnostic groups. Maximum increase in arterial diameter and maximum systolic flow following ICI did not discriminate between groups. End diastolic flow and resistance index at 15 min following ICI was significantly higher in the organic than the psychogenic groups. None of the duplex variables helped to diagnose further those in the 'uncertain' categories. The diagnostic value of the duplex is probably substantially reduced by psychological inhibition of the response to ICI. Duplex ultrasound scanning does not appear to be a helpful initial diagnostic method for erectile dysfunction, but may have value in further identifying the aetiology in 'organic' cases, especially venous leakage. NPTR appears to be the best single diagnostic procedure. Methods of identifying the occurrence of psychological inhibition and 'false negative' results with ICI will enhance the diagnostic value of duplex ultrasonography.

Q: Usage of HTML5 Tags Questions On average, has the usage of HTML5 semantic tags increased compared to the usage of CSS layers (div)? Also, is there a good difference between them and does it optimize the code for better speed and maintainability? Differences in character length is not much and <div id="footer"> is compatible in older browser without using Modernizr or other Javascript solutions to emulate support of HTML5 in non supported browsers. Therefore, if I only use semantic tags of HTML5, and not using any advance functionality of HTML5 like audio, video, etc. am I missing something? Examples HTML <footer> and <div id="footer"> CSS #footer {} and Footer {} A: From what I've seen and experienced, HTML5 tags like and are mainly provided for SEO so that search engines can (one day?) possibly use those sections and other tags properly. Like you said, most of the tags are semantic and provide no real functional benefit- in fact, most break rendering in older browsers. I ran into an issue with these new tags when I tried dynamically loading HTML5 content with jQuery and the HTML5Shiv.js/Modernizr.js. I was unable to properly render the elements that were dynamically loaded in older browsers such as IE8 and IE7. At this point, I'd recommend sticking with divs, as they're more widely used and provide better cross-browser functionality. My two cents.

Romania enters top 10 countries with most command and control servers for DDoS attacks Romania has entered the top ten countries with the most command and control servers for DDoS (distributed denial of service) attacks, currently ranking sixth, according to a report by Kaspersky Lab experts. The Kaspersky DDoS Intelligence system registered DDoS attacks against resources in 72 countries in the first quarter of 2017, slightly fewer than in the last quarter of 2016. The Netherlands and Great Britain replaced Japan and France in the top 10 countries with the most DDoS victims. “We have seen a significant decline in the number of DDos attacks at the beginning of the year, and this trend has continued for five years,” said Kirill Ilganaev, head of Kaspersky DDoS Protection la Kaspersky Lab. “This may be due to cyber criminals or their clients taking a break. However, despite this now familiar downturn, we have recorded more attacks between January and March this year than in the first quarter of 2016, which confirms the conclusion that the overall number of DDoS attacks tends to increase. So now it is not the time to let your guard down, on the contrary, it’s better to take care of your protection before the cyber criminals get back to their usual work routine.” South Korea remains the leader in terms of number of command and control (C&C) servers detected, according to the report. The US comes next, followed by the Netherlands, which took China out of the top three for the first time since the monitoring started. Romania is at number six with a share of 1.35%. In the first quarter of 2017, the longest DDoS attack lasted 120 hours, being much shorter than the longest attack reported in the previous quarter, of 292 hours. Irina Popescu, [email protected]