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This philosophy stated that all Christians, whether they were church leaders or social reformers, should be as concerned about the conditions of life in the secular world as the afterlife, and the Reverend Washington Gladden was a major advocate. | This philosophy |
The amygdala is composed of various subnuclei, including the basolateral complex and the central nucleus. | The amygdala |
Relative poverty is a state of living where people can afford necessities but are unable to meet their society βs average standard of living. | Relative poverty |
The end of the Civil War saw the beginning of the Reconstruction era, when former rebel Southern states were integrated back into the Union. | the Reconstruction era |
An instrumental leader is one who is goal - oriented and largely concerned with accomplishing set tasks. | An instrumental leader |
This process is called summation and occurs at the axon hillock, as illustrated in. | summation |
Health psychology focuses on how health is affected by the interaction of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors. | Health psychology |
In shotgun sequencing method, several copies of a DNA fragment are cut randomly into many smaller pieces( somewhat like what happens to a round shot cartridge when fired from a shotgun). | shotgun sequencing method |
The creation of the Department of Homeland Security federalized disaster response power in Washington, and the Transportation Security Administration was created to federalize airport security. | the Department of Homeland Security the Transportation Security Administration |
The spinal cord is a thick bundle of nerve tissue that carries information about the body to the brain and from the brain to the body. | The spinal cord |
A second method of conducting monetary policy is for the central bank to raise or lower the reserve requirement, which, as we noted earlier, is the percentage of each bank βs deposits that it is legally required to hold either as cash in their vault or on deposit with the central bank. | the reserve requirement |
Economists have a term to describe the remaining level of unemployment that occurs even when the economy is healthy : it is called the natural rate of unemployment. | the natural rate of unemployment |
Chitinous hairlike extensions, anchored in the epidermis and projecting from the cuticle, called setae/ chaetae are present in every segment. | setae chaetae |
The price elasticity of supply is the percentage change in quantity supplied divided by the percentage change in price. Elasticities can be usefully divided into three broad categories : elastic, inelastic, and unitary. | The price elasticity of supply |
The object is called a projectile, and its path is called its trajectory. | a projectile trajectory |
Tertiary consumers are carnivores that eat other carnivores. | Tertiary consumers |
Biomagnification is the increasing concentration of persistent, toxic substances in organisms at each trophic level, from the primary producers to the apex consumers. | Biomagnification |
Another enzyme, RNA primase, synthesizes an RNA primer that is about five to ten nucleotides long and complementary to the DNA. | RNA primase |
Soil particles between 0.002 and 0.1 mm are called silt, and even smaller particles, less than 0.002 mm in diameter, are called clay. | silt clay |
The unique sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain is its primary structure. | primary structure |
Plurality voting, commonly referred to as first - past - the - post, is based on the principle that the individual candidate with the most votes wins, whether or not he or she gains a majority( 51 percent or greater) of the total votes cast. | Plurality voting first - past - the - post |
Both bonds that link the phosphates are equally high - energy bonds( phosphoanhydride bonds) that, when broken, release sufficient energy to power a variety of cellular reactions and processes. | phosphoanhydride bonds |
Making matters worse, financial institutions created instruments called credit default swaps, which were essentially a form of insurance on investments. | credit default swaps |
Primary active transport moves ions across a membrane and creates a difference in charge across that membrane, which is directly dependent on ATP. | Primary active transport |
Myofibrils are composed of smaller structures called myofilaments. | Myofibrils |
As we discussed briefly in the previous section, classical conditioning is a process by which we learn to associate stimuli and, consequently, to anticipate events. | classical conditioning |
The Medicare payroll tax is also called a proportional tax ; that is, a flat percentage of all wages earned. | a proportional tax |
Leaves that do not have a petiole and are directly attached to the plant stem are called sessile leaves. | sessile leaves |
Let βs take a look at terms that define a bureaucracy to understand what they mean. Hierarchy of authority refers to the aspect of bureaucracy that places one individual or office in charge of another, who in turn must answer to her own superiors. | Hierarchy of authority |
Corms contain stored food that enables some plants to survive the winter. | Corms |
Medicaid is a formula - based, health insurance program, which means beneficiaries must demonstrate they fall within a particular income category. | Medicaid |
A conversion factor is a ratio expressing how many of one unit are equal to another unit. | A conversion factor |
Absolute poverty is defined by the World Bank( 2014a) as when someone lives on less than $ 1.25 a day. | Absolute poverty |
Individuals suffering from anorexia nervosa often have a distorted body image, referenced in literature as a type of body dysmorphia, meaning that they view themselves as overweight even though they are not. | body dysmorphia |
Also, revolving door laws also prevent lawmakers from lobbying government immediately after leaving public office. | revolving door laws |
Referred to as Neornithes( β new birds β), modern birds are now classified into two groups, the Paleognathae( β old jaw β) or ratites, a group of flightless birds including ostriches, emus, rheas, and kiwis, and the Neognathae( β new jaw β), which includes all other birds. | the Paleognathae old jaw ratites |
Loudness is measured in terms of decibels( dB), a logarithmic unit of sound intensity. | Loudness decibels dB |
In 1999, Justice John Paul Stevens, writing for a majority of the Supreme Court, argued in Saenz v. Roe that the clause protects the right to travel from one state to another. Saenz v. Roe, 526 U.S. 489( 1999). | Saenz v. Roe |
The goal of homeostasis is the maintenance of equilibrium around a point or value called a set point. | homeostasis |
Like prokaryotes, eukaryotic cells have a plasma membrane, a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins that separates the internal contents of the cell from its surrounding environment. | a plasma membrane |
Ruminants are mainly herbivores like cows, sheep, and goats, whose entire diet consists of eating large amounts of roughage or fiber. | Ruminants |
According to the Honest Leadership and Open Government Act, lobbyists must certify that they have not violated the law regarding gift giving, and the penalty for knowingly violating the law increased from a fine of $ 50,000 to one of $ 200,000. | the Honest Leadership and Open Government Act |
An estimated 185 species comprise caecilians, a group of amphibians that belong to the order Apoda. | caecilians |
As we move into stage 2 sleep, the body goes into a state of deep relaxation. | stage 2 sleep |
The Tenth Amendment, one of the first submitted to the states for ratification, ensures that states possess all powers not explicitly assigned to the federal government by the Constitution. | The Tenth Amendment |
Methadone clinics help people who previously struggled with opioid addiction manage withdrawal symptoms through the use of methadone. | Methadone clinics |
FM stands for frequency modulation, another method of carrying information. | FM |
By the eleventh century, a major Christian holy war called the Reconquista, or reconquest, had begun to slowly push the Muslims from Spain. | the Reconquista |
Finally, the availability heuristic is a heuristic in which you make a decision based on an example, information, or recent experience that is that readily available to you, even though it may not be the best example to inform your decision. | the availability heuristic |
The more radical National Woman βs Party( NWP), led by Alice Paul, advocated the use of stronger tactics. | The more radical National Woman βs Party NWP |
The term media defines a number of different communication formats from television media, which share information through broadcast airwaves, to print media, which rely on printed documents. | media |
Explore this website for additional information on pollinators. More than 80 percent of angiosperms depend on animals for pollination : the transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma. | pollination |
Price is what the producer receives for selling one unit of a good or service. | Price |
The filament supports the anther, where the microspores are produced by meiosis and develop into pollen grains. | The filament the anther |
The fertility number is generally lower than the fecundity number, which measures the potential number of children that could be born to women of childbearing age. | the fecundity number |
A potentiometer is a null measurement device for measuring potentials( voltages). | A potentiometer |
Since I = ΞQ/ Ξt I = ΞQ/ Ξt size 12 { I = ΞQ/ Ξt } { }, we see that an ampere is one coulomb per second : | an ampere |
A schema is a mental construct consisting of a cluster or collection of related concepts( Bartlett, 1932). | A schema |
The distribution of phenotypes among individuals, known as the population variation, is influenced by a number of factors, including the population βs genetic structure and the environment. | the population variation |
Magnetic field lines are defined to have the direction that a small compass points when placed at a location. | Magnetic field lines |
From the Great Depression of the 1930s until 1996, the United States β most visible antipoverty program was Aid to Families with Dependent Children( AFDC), which provided cash payments to mothers with children who were below the poverty line. | Aid to Families with Dependent Children AFDC |
An elastic demand or elastic supply is one in which the elasticity is greater than one, indicating a high responsiveness to changes in price. | An elastic demand or elastic supply |
Heritability is the fraction of phenotype variation that can be attributed to genetic differences, or genetic variance, among individuals in a population. | Heritability |
This is sometimes called a cross section, and, if the transverse cut is at an angle, it is called an oblique plane. | a cross section an oblique plane |
With the authoritative style, the parent gives reasonable demands and consistent limits, expresses warmth and affection, and listens to the child βs point of view. | the authoritative style |
The graph in shows the absorption spectra for chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and a type of carotenoid pigment called Ξ² - carotene( which absorbs blue and green light). | Ξ² - carotene |
Police are a civil force in charge of enforcing laws and public order at a federal, state, or community level. | Police |
This belief is called the elite theory of government. | the elite theory of government |
Such differences are known as sexual dimorphisms, which arise from the fact that in many populations, particularly animal populations, there is more variance in the reproductive success of the males than there is of the females. | sexual dimorphisms |
A genetic marker is a gene or sequence on a chromosome that co - segregates( shows genetic linkage) with a specific trait. | A genetic marker |
The term medicalization of deviance refers to the process that changes β bad β behavior into β sick β behavior. | medicalization of deviance |
Lymphocytes are leukocytes that are histologically identifiable by their large, darkly staining nuclei ; they are small cells with very little cytoplasm, as shown in. | Lymphocytes |
Negative affectivity is a tendency to experience distressed emotional states involving anger, contempt, disgust, guilt, fear, and nervousness( Watson, Clark, & Tellegen, 1988). | Negative affectivity |
Neurodegenerative disorders are illnesses characterized by a loss of nervous system functioning that are usually caused by neuronal death. | Neurodegenerative disorders |
A ligand is a molecule that binds another specific molecule, in some cases, delivering a signal in the process. | A ligand |
Hydrocarbons are organic molecules consisting entirely of carbon and hydrogen, such as methane( CH4) described above. | Hydrocarbons |
The diapsids diverged into two groups, the Archosauromorpha( β ancient lizard form β) and the Lepidosauromorpha( β scaly lizard form β) during the Mesozoic period. | the Archosauromorpha the Lepidosauromorpha |
The vascular tissue in the root is arranged in the inner portion of the root, which is called the stele. | the stele |
Actin is a globular contractile protein that interacts with myosin for muscle contraction. | Actin |
The seller may also offer a buyer a chance to buy a service contract, where the buyer pays an extra amount and the seller agrees to fix anything that goes wrong for a set time period. | a service contract |
Intellectual property rights include patents, which give the inventor the exclusive legal right to make, use, or sell the invention for a limited time, and copyright laws, which give the author an exclusive legal right over works of literature, music, film/ video, and pictures. | Intellectual property rights |
Unlike the other sleep disorders described in this section, a person with narcolepsy can not resist falling asleep at inopportune times. | a person with narcolepsy |
ethnocentrism, or evaluating and judging another culture based on how it compares to one βs own cultural norms. | ethnocentrism |
A function describes a relationship. | A function |
This pattern of tracing kinship is called bilateral descent. | bilateral descent |
Amphiarthroses are joints that allow slight movement, including syndesmoses and symphyses. | Amphiarthroses |
Two cells, known as guard cells, surround each leaf stoma, controlling its opening and closing and thus regulating the uptake of carbon dioxide and the release of oxygen and water vapor. | guard cells |
The process of animal development begins with the cleavage, or series of mitotic cell divisions, of the zygote. | the cleavage |
Chemoautotrophs are primarily bacteria that are found in rare ecosystems where sunlight is not available, such as in those associated with dark caves or hydrothermal vents at the bottom of the ocean. | Chemoautotrophs |
Ligands interact with proteins in target cells, which are cells that are affected by chemical signals ; these proteins are also called receptors. | target cells |
A midsagittal plane divides the body exactly in the middle, making two equal right and left halves. | A midsagittal plane |
The Social Security Act of 1935, which created federal subsidies for state - administered programs for the elderly ; people with handicaps ; dependent mothers ; and children, gave state and local officials wide discretion over eligibility and benefit levels. | The Social Security Act of 1935 |
In each somatic cell of the organism( all cells of a multicellular organism except the gametes or reproductive cells), the nucleus contains two copies of each chromosome, called homologous chromosomes. | homologous chromosomes |
These groups were known as the Five Civilized Tribes, because they had largely adopted Anglo - American culture, speaking English and practicing Christianity. | the Five Civilized Tribes |
Even more important on intelligence than the CIA director is the director of national intelligence, a position created in the government reorganizations after 9/11, who oversees the entire intelligence community in the U.S. government. | the director of national intelligence |
For instance, the next largest population in the country is the voting - age population( VAP), which consists of persons who are eighteen and older. | the voting - age population VAP |
Within each domain is a second category called a kingdom. | a kingdom |
The Bill of Rights was intended to quiet the fears of Anti - Federalists that the Constitution did not adequately protect individual liberties and thus encourage their support of the new national government. | The Bill of Rights |
The tissue consists of conducting cells, known as tracheids, and supportive filler tissue, called parenchyma. | tracheids parenchyma |
Nodes are points of attachment for leaves, aerial roots, and flowers. | Nodes |