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<BOP> Domestically, Barcelona has won 23 La Liga, 27 Copa del Rey, 11 Supercopa de España, 3 Copa Eva Duarte and 2 Copa de la Liga trophies, as well as being the record holder for the latter four competitions. In international club football, Barcelona has won five UEFA Champions League titles, a record four UEFA Cup Winners' Cup, a shared record five UEFA Super Cup, a record three Inter-Cities Fairs Cup and a record three FIFA Club World Cup trophies. Barcelona was ranked first in the IFFHS Club World Ranking for 1997, 2009, 2011, 2012 and 2015 and currently occupies the second position on the UEFA club rankings. The club has a long-standing rivalry with Real Madrid; matches between the two teams are referred to as El Clásico. <EOP> <BOQ> How many UEFA Cup Winners' Cup wins does Barcelona have? <EOQ> | How many UEFA Cup Winners' Cup wins does Barcelona have? | <BOL> four <EOL> |
<BOP> The U.S. Digital Millennium Copyright Act (1998) and the European E-Commerce Directive (2000) provide online intermediaries with limited statutory immunity from liability for copyright infringement. Online intermediaries hosting content that infringes copyright are not liable, so long as they do not know about it and take actions once the infringing content is brought to their attention. In U.S. law this is characterized as "safe harbor" provisions. Under European law, the governing principles for Internet Service Providers are "mere conduit", meaning that they are neutral 'pipes' with no knowledge of what they are carrying; and 'no obligation to monitor' meaning that they cannot be given a general mandate by governments to monitor content. These two principles are a barrier for certain forms of online copyright enforcement and they were the reason behind an attempt to amend the European Telecoms Package in 2009 to support new measures against copyright infringement. <EOP> <BOQ> In the E.U., what are the governing principles for ISP's? <EOQ> | In the E.U., what are the governing principles for ISP's? | <BOL> mere conduit <EOL> |
Given the detailed context: 'A special ceremony to commemorate the life of Civil Rights Activist Vernon Dahmer Sr. will be held Sunday. The program will be held at Shady Grover Baptist Church in Hattiesburg at 3 p.m. Dahmer was a leader of the Forrest County NAACP. He was killed at his home 50 years ago. Governor Phil Bryant declared January 10 as Vernon Dahmer Day Friday. Copyright 2016 WDAM. All rights reserved', judge whether the statement: <BOH> 'Vernon Dahmer was celebrated for his actions many years after his passing.' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | Vernon Dahmer was celebrated for his actions many years after his passing. | {<BOL> neutral </EOL>} It is correct and it was 50 years after he was killed that he was commemorated. I think it was difficult for the system to determine because of the lack of specific information. |
<BOP> Aeromedical Evacuation is "the movement of patients under medical supervision to and between medical treatment facilities by air transportation" (JP 1-02). JP 4-02, Health Service Support, further defines it as "the fixed wing movement of regulated casualties to and between medical treatment facilities, using organic and/or contracted mobility airframes, with aircrew trained explicitly for this mission." Aeromedical evacuation forces can operate as far forward as fixed-wing aircraft are able to conduct airland operations. <EOP> <BOQ> Who operates and is able to conduct airland missions? <EOQ> | Who operates and is able to conduct airland missions? | <BOL> Aeromedical evacuation forces <EOL> |
From the information in: <BOP> 'Birthday.<br>Mike was planning a birthday party for his friend, but needed help. He asked his friends what they thought he should do. They gave him some ideas and he liked them! He invited me to the store to buy the supplies so we went. When we put everything together the party was a big hit!' </EOP>, deduce whether the hypothesis: <BOH> 'Mike contains no z' </EOH> results in a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | Mike contains no z | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} Z isn't there |
Given the context: <BOP> 'The Canada pension plan contribution rate increased to 7% from 6.4% in January 1999, which is an annual increase of $1.4 billion taken out of the pockets of Canadian taxpayers, whether they are business owners and their businesses are having to pay their portion or people who are actually on the frontline doing the work.' </EOP>, classify the statement: <BOH> 'they found themselves losing more money due in part to a law' </EOH> as a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Justify your choice. | they found themselves losing more money due in part to a law | {<BOL> neutral </EOL>} According to the statement, more money was taken away from Canadians at the beginning of the year as a result of the law. This makes my statement correct. The model seemed to be confused with common vs proper nouns. It would probably catch me if I used the word Canadians, but the word they would slip under its radar. |
Given the premise: <BOP> 'How to know your audience<br>Use words and phrases your audience understands. Instead of using an acronym or technical jargon, use a relevant word or phrase that provides the same meaning. For example, business people like to use sme's (pronounced like " smees ") to describe a person who is a subject matter expert.' </EOP>, evaluate whether the hypothesis: <BOH> 'If you follow this advice, do not use sme to describe a person who is a subject matter expert.' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Explain your decision. | If you follow this advice, do not use sme to describe a person who is a subject matter expert. | {<BOL> neutral </EOL>} The advice is NOT TO USE an acronym or technical jargon, and SME is an acronym. The wording of the last sentence confused the model. |
Examine the premise: <BOP> 'Platystemon is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the poppy family containing the single species Platystemon californicus, which is known by the common name creamcups. It is native to Oregon, California, Arizona, Utah and Baja California, and is found in open grasslands and sandy soils.' </EOP> and assess if the subsequent statement: <BOH> 'Utah has a species of poppy flowering plant.' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Include your rationale. | Utah has a species of poppy flowering plant. | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} Utah is a region that grows the creamcups. It's difficult because poppy flowering plant refers to platystemon. |
<BOP> Penny Marshall's 1990 film Awakenings, which was nominated for several Oscars, is based on neurologist Oliver Sacks' 1973 account of his psychiatric patients at Beth Abraham Hospital in the Bronx who were paralyzed by a form of encephalitis but briefly responded to the drug L-dopa. Robin Williams played the physician; Robert De Niro was one of the patients who emerged from a catatonic (frozen) state. The home of Williams' character was shot not far from Sacks' actual City Island residence. A 1973 Yorkshire Television documentary and "A Kind of Alaska", a 1985 play by Harold Pinter, were also based on Sacks' book. <EOP> <BOQ> Whose real story is 'Awakenings' based on? <EOQ> | Whose real story is 'Awakenings' based on? | <BOL> Oliver Sacks <EOL> |
<BOP> The humanists' close study of Latin literary texts soon enabled them to discern historical differences in the writing styles of different periods. By analogy with what they saw as decline of Latin, they applied the principle of ad fontes, or back to the sources, across broad areas of learning, seeking out manuscripts of Patristic literature as well as pagan authors. In 1439, while employed in Naples at the court of Alfonso V of Aragon (at the time engaged in a dispute with the Papal States) the humanist Lorenzo Valla used stylistic textual analysis, now called philology, to prove that the Donation of Constantine, which purported to confer temporal powers on the Pope of Rome, was an 8th-century forgery. For the next 70 years, however, neither Valla nor any of his contemporaries thought to apply the techniques of philology to other controversial manuscripts in this way. Instead, after the fall of the Byzantine Empire to the Turks in 1453, which brought a flood of Greek Orthodox refugees to Italy, humanist scholars increasingly turned to the study of Neoplatonism and Hermeticism, hoping to bridge the differences between the Greek and Roman Churches, and even between Christianity itself and the non-Christian world. The refugees brought with them Greek manuscripts, not only of Plato and Aristotle, but also of the Christian Gospels, previously unavailable in the Latin West. <EOP> <BOQ> What caused a large migration of Greek refuges in the 1450s? <EOQ> | What caused a large migration of Greek refuges in the 1450s? | <BOL> Greek manuscripts <EOL> |
<BOP> The Marshall Islands also lays claim to Wake Island. While Wake has been administered by the United States since 1899, the Marshallese government refers to it by the name Enen-kio. <EOP> <BOQ> What island do the Marshall Islands claim? <EOQ> | What island do the Marshall Islands claim? | <BOL> Wake Island <EOL> |
<BOP> Jiangsu Province Kun Opera is one of the best theatres for Kunqu, China's oldest stage art. It is considered a conservative and traditional troupe. Nanjing also has professional opera troupes for the Yang, Yue (shaoxing), Xi and Jing (Chinese opera varieties) as well as Suzhou pingtan, spoken theatre and puppet theatre. <EOP> <BOQ> What type of troupe is Jiangsu Province Kun Opera considered to be? <EOQ> | What type of troupe is Jiangsu Province Kun Opera considered to be? | <BOL> a conservative and traditional troupe <EOL> |
<BOP> The eusocial insects build nest, guard eggs, and provide food for offspring full-time (see Eusociality). Most insects, however, lead short lives as adults, and rarely interact with one another except to mate or compete for mates. A small number exhibit some form of parental care, where they will at least guard their eggs, and sometimes continue guarding their offspring until adulthood, and possibly even feeding them. Another simple form of parental care is to construct a nest (a burrow or an actual construction, either of which may be simple or complex), store provisions in it, and lay an egg upon those provisions. The adult does not contact the growing offspring, but it nonetheless does provide food. This sort of care is typical for most species of bees and various types of wasps. <EOP> <BOQ> What do eusocial insects guard? <EOQ> | What do eusocial insects guard? | <BOL> eggs <EOL> |
<BOP> Scotland has a very different educational system from England and Wales, though also based on comprehensive education. It has different ages of transfer, different examinations and a different philosophy of choice and provision. All publicly funded primary and secondary schools are comprehensive. The Scottish Government has rejected plans for specialist schools as of 2005. <EOP> <BOQ> When was Scotland's latest rejection of the specialist school model? <EOQ> | When was Scotland's latest rejection of the specialist school model? | <BOL> 2005 <EOL> |
<BOP> The atolls have shown resilience to gradual sea-level rise, with atolls and reef islands being able to grow under current climate conditions by generating sufficient sand and coral debris that accumulates and gets dumped on the islands during cyclones. Gradual sea-level rise also allows for coral polyp activity to increase the reefs. However, if the increase in sea level occurs at faster rate as compared to coral growth, or if polyp activity is damaged by ocean acidification, then the resilience of the atolls and reef islands is less certain. The 2011 report of Pacific Climate Change Science Program of Australia concludes, in relation to Tuvalu, states the conclusions that over the course of the 21st century: <EOP> <BOQ> What condition besides sea level rise can damage coral reefs? <EOQ> | What condition besides sea level rise can damage coral reefs? | <BOL> ocean acidification <EOL> |
Given the premise: <BOP> 'How to create an indoor box turtle habitat<br>Set up a large enough enclosure. Box turtles need a lot of room to roam like in the wild. Each turtle in your terrarium needs at least three square feet (91 cm) of floor space for every eight inches (20 cm) of their length.' </EOP>, evaluate whether the hypothesis: <BOH> 'When in the wild, box turtles don't roam around a lot.' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Explain your decision. | When in the wild, box turtles don't roam around a lot. | {<BOL> neutral </EOL>} This is definitely incorrect because it states that box turtles need a lot of room to roam around like they do in the wild, meaning that they actually do roam around a lot. |
<BOP> In manufacturing the glass bulb, a type of "ribbon machine" is used. A continuous ribbon of glass is passed along a conveyor belt, heated in a furnace, and then blown by precisely aligned air nozzles through holes in the conveyor belt into molds. Thus the glass bulbs are created. After the bulbs are blown, and cooled, they are cut off the ribbon machine; a typical machine of this sort produces 50,000 bulbs per hour. The filament and its supports are assembled on a glass stem, which is fused to the bulb. The air is pumped out of the bulb, and the evacuation tube in the stem press is sealed by a flame. The bulb is then inserted into the lamp base, and the whole assembly tested. <EOP> <BOQ> What blows the glass bulbs into their characteristic shape? <EOQ> | What blows the glass bulbs into their characteristic shape? | <BOL> precisely aligned air nozzles <EOL> |
<BOP> However, William Woodthorpe Tarn, between World War I and World War II and the heyday of the League of Nations, focused on the issues of racial and cultural confrontation and the nature of colonial rule. Michael Rostovtzeff, who fled the Russian Revolution, concentrated predominantly on the rise of the capitalist bourgeoisie in areas of Greek rule. Arnaldo Momigliano, an Italian Jew who wrote before and after the Second World War, studied the problem of mutual understanding between races in the conquered areas. Moses Hadas portrayed an optimistic picture of synthesis of culture from the perspective of the 1950s, while Frank William Walbank in the 1960s and 1970s had a materialistic approach to the Hellenistic period, focusing mainly on class relations. Recently, however, papyrologist C. Préaux has concentrated predominantly on the economic system, interactions between kings and cities and provides a generally pessimistic view on the period. Peter Green, on the other hand, writes from the point of view of late 20th century liberalism, his focus being on individualism, the breakdown of convention, experiments and a postmodern disillusionment with all institutions and political processes. <EOP> <BOQ> Which organization did Michael Rostovtzeff flee from? <EOQ> | Which organization did Michael Rostovtzeff flee from? | <BOL> Russian Revolution <EOL> |
From the facts presented in <BOP> 'How to keep your pets healthy<br>Consult with your pet's veterinarian concerning diets. Every pet needs to be well taken care of and the most important thing is to ensure that they have a proper diet. You might see yourself feeding a dog once a day, while birds and rabbits should always be provided with a fresh container of food and water at all times.' </EOP>, decide if the statement: <BOH> 'Birds and rabbits have different feeding frequencies.' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | Birds and rabbits have different feeding frequencies. | {<BOL> entailment </EOL>} This is false according to the text, both get constant food |
Examine the information in <BOP> 'Ron Hutchinson (born near Lisburn, County Antrim, Northern Ireland) is an Emmy Award winning screenwriter and an Olivier Award nominated playwright, known for writing John Frankenheimer's "Against the Wall", Robert M. Young's "Slave of Dreams", John Frankenheimer's "The Island of Dr. Moreau", "Moonlight and Magnolias" (play), and the 2004 miniseries "Traffic."' </EOP> Is the statement: <BOH> 'Ron Hutchinson, a man born in Lisburn County, Northern Ireland was nominated for the Olivier Award and won an Emmy.' </EOH> a contradiction, entailment, or neutral? Justify your conclusion. | Ron Hutchinson, a man born in Lisburn County, Northern Ireland was nominated for the Olivier Award and won an Emmy. | {<BOL> entailment </EOL>} I switched the name of the city for the name of the County the man was born in but the words were in the same order. |
<BOP> The roots of Greek success in the Ottoman Empire can be traced to the Greek tradition of education and commerce. It was the wealth of the extensive merchant class that provided the material basis for the intellectual revival that was the prominent feature of Greek life in the half century and more leading to the outbreak of the Greek War of Independence in 1821. Not coincidentally, on the eve of 1821, the three most important centres of Greek learning were situated in Chios, Smyrna and Aivali, all three major centres of Greek commerce. Greek success was also favoured by Greek domination of the Christian Orthodox church. <EOP> <BOQ> What did the Greeks offer to the Ottoman Empire that was a superb benefit ? <EOQ> | What did the Greeks offer to the Ottoman Empire that was a superb benefit ? | <BOL> the Greek tradition of education and commerce <EOL> |
From the information in: <BOP> 'How to cope with hunger<br>Keep yourself hydrated. Pouring yourself a big glass of water and drinking it may help to quell any cravings or hunger. To stay hydrated, women should consume 2.7 liters and men should consume 3.7 liters of fluids daily.' </EOP>, deduce whether the hypothesis: <BOH> 'The fluid requirement for men is more than 1.5 liters higher than the fluid requirement for women.' </EOH> results in a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | The fluid requirement for men is more than 1.5 liters higher than the fluid requirement for women. | {<BOL> entailment </EOL>} It's definitely incorrect because it's only 1 liter higher, which is not more than 1.5 liters. It's difficult because the system probably thinks the statement is saying that the fluid requirement for men is more than 1.5 liters, so it judges it to be definitely correct. |
From the facts presented in <BOP> 'The United Iraqi Alliance, endorsed by Iraq's top Shiite clerics, captured more than two-thirds of the 3.3 million votes counted so far, the election commission said.' </EOP>, decide if the statement: <BOH> 'The United Iraqi Alliance were winning the election at the time of the report' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | The United Iraqi Alliance were winning the election at the time of the report | {<BOL> neutral </EOL>} The United Iraqi Alliance had a majority of the votes at the time of the report, so they must have been winning the election at that point. The system could likely not compute that having a majority of the votes meant winning. |
With the given context: <BOP> 'Summer Lovers is a 1982 American romantic comedy film written and directed by Randal Kleiser, starring Peter Gallagher, Daryl Hannah and Valerie Quennessen. It was filmed on location on the island of Santorini, Greece. The original music score is composed by Basil Poledouris. "Summer Lovers" featured "Hard to Say I'm Sorry", a No. 1 hit for Chicago and "I'm So Excited" by The Pointer Sisters.' </EOP>, analyze if the hypothesis: <BOH> 'Randal Kleiser wasn't considering Peter Gallagher for Summer Lovers but his friend strongly advised Randal to give Peter a try.' </EOH> is best described as a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Justify your answer. | Randal Kleiser wasn't considering Peter Gallagher for Summer Lovers but his friend strongly advised Randal to give Peter a try. | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} we don't know anything about Randal's decisions to hire specific actors. Maybe the sentence was too complicated for the system and that's why it did the trick |
From the facts presented in <BOP> 'Hunter Mountain is in the towns of Hunter and Lexington, just south of the village of Hunter, in Greene County, New York, United States. At approximately 4040 ft in elevation, it is the highest peak in the county and the second-highest peak in the Catskill Mountains.' </EOP>, decide if the statement: <BOH> 'Hunter Mountain lies in lexington' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | Hunter Mountain lies in lexington | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} they took lies literaly and not figuratively so they didnt understand |
Analyze the premise: <BOP> 'How to make marshmallow and oats bars<br>Add 3 tablespoons of butter in a pan and heat it until it completely melts. Add the marshmallows. Make sure to use a bag of them because when they melt, their size will decrease.' </EOP>. Classify the hypothesis: <BOH> 'The marshmallows have oats in them.' </EOH> as contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | The marshmallows have oats in them. | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} We don't know if they have oats in them or not. There's no mention of the oats in the directions, but we know that there are oats in this dessert. |
Analyze the premise: <BOP> 'Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer is a legendary reindeer, created by Robert Lewis May, usually depicted as a young fawn who barely has antlers, with a glowing red nose, popularly known as "Santa's ninth reindeer." When depicted, he is the lead reindeer pulling Santa's sleigh on Christmas Eve. The luminosity of his nose is so great that it illuminates the team's path through inclement winter weather.' </EOP>. Classify the hypothesis: <BOH> 'Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer is a legendary raindeer that was not created by William Shakespeare but by Robert Lewis May.' </EOH> as contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer is a legendary raindeer that was not created by William Shakespeare but by Robert Lewis May. | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} Rudolph was created by Robert Lewis May |
Considering the context: <BOP> 'Salmonby is a village in the East Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England. It is situated 5.5 mi north-east from Horncastle, 10 mi south from Louth and 8 mi north-west from Spilsby. Salmonby lies within the Lincolnshire Wolds, a designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. Tetford lies to the north-east and Somersby to the south.' </EOP>, determine whether the hypothesis: <BOH> 'Salmonby is in Northern England.' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Provide your rationale. | Salmonby is in Northern England. | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} It is not mentioned in the context whether Salmonby is in Northern or Southern England. |
Given the detailed context: 'Adam Best is a fictional character from the BBC soap opera "EastEnders", played by David Proud, the first adult actor with a visible disability to appear regularly in the soap. Both Proud and his character live with spina bifida. The character made his first appearance in the episode broadcast on 10 September 2009 and his last in the one broadcast on 19 July 2010.', judge whether the statement: <BOH> 'Adam Best was a child in 2005.' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | Adam Best was a child in 2005. | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} It says he was an adult in 2005. Not when he was a child. |
<BOP> The Germanic peoples during the Migrations Period came into contact with other peoples; in the case of the populations settling in the territory of modern Germany, they encountered Celts to the south, and Balts and Slavs towards the east. The Limes Germanicus was breached in AD 260. Migrating Germanic tribes commingled with the local Gallo-Roman populations in what is now Swabia and Bavaria. The arrival of the Huns in Europe resulted in Hun conquest of large parts of Eastern Europe, the Huns initially were allies of the Roman Empire who fought against Germanic tribes, but later the Huns cooperated with the Germanic tribe of the Ostrogoths, and large numbers of Germans lived within the lands of the Hunnic Empire of Attila. Attila had both Hunnic and Germanic families and prominent Germanic chiefs amongst his close entourage in Europe. The Huns living in Germanic territories in Eastern Europe adopted an East Germanic language as their lingua franca. A major part of Attila's army were Germans, during the Huns' campaign against the Roman Empire. After Attila's unexpected death the Hunnic Empire collapsed with the Huns disappearing as a people in Europe – who either escaped into Asia, or otherwise blended in amongst Europeans. <EOP> <BOQ> What language did the Huns adopt? <EOQ> | What language did the Huns adopt? | <BOL> East Germanic <EOL> |
<BOP> In the 1772 First Partition of Poland, the Prussian king Frederick the Great annexed neighboring Royal Prussia, i.e. the Polish voivodeships of Pomerania (Gdańsk Pomerania or Pomerelia), Malbork, Chełmno and the Prince-Bishopric of Warmia, thereby bridging the "Polish Corridor" between his Prussian and Farther Pomeranian lands and cutting remaining Poland off the Baltic Coast. The territory of Warmia was incorporated into the lands of former Ducal Prussia, which, by administrative deed of 31 January 1773 were named East Prussia. The former Polish Pomerelian lands beyond the Vistula River together with Malbork and Chełmno Land formed the Province of West Prussia with its capital at Marienwerder (Kwidzyn). The Polish Partition Sejm ratified the cession on 30 September 1773, whereafter Frederick officially went on to call himself a King "of" Prussia. <EOP> <BOQ> In what year was Royal Prussia annexed? <EOQ> | In what year was Royal Prussia annexed? | <BOL> 1772 <EOL> |
<BOP> The word "animal" comes from the Latin animalis, meaning having breath, having soul or living being. In everyday non-scientific usage the word excludes humans – that is, "animal" is often used to refer only to non-human members of the kingdom Animalia; often, only closer relatives of humans such as mammals, or mammals and other vertebrates, are meant. The biological definition of the word refers to all members of the kingdom Animalia, encompassing creatures as diverse as sponges, jellyfish, insects, and humans. <EOP> <BOQ> The word animal is usually only used to refer to what? <EOQ> | The word animal is usually only used to refer to what? | <BOL> non-human members of the kingdom Animalia <EOL> |
<BOP> Probably the most influential single device on the interpretation of these characters was the Teletype Model 33 ASR, which was a printing terminal with an available paper tape reader/punch option. Paper tape was a very popular medium for long-term program storage until the 1980s, less costly and in some ways less fragile than magnetic tape. In particular, the Teletype Model 33 machine assignments for codes 17 (Control-Q, DC1, also known as XON), 19 (Control-S, DC3, also known as XOFF), and 127 (Delete) became de facto standards. The Model 33 was also notable for taking the description of Control-G (BEL, meaning audibly alert the operator) literally as the unit contained an actual bell which it rang when it received a BEL character. Because the keytop for the O key also showed a left-arrow symbol (from ASCII-1963, which had this character instead of underscore), a noncompliant use of code 15 (Control-O, Shift In) interpreted as "delete previous character" was also adopted by many early timesharing systems but eventually became neglected. <EOP> <BOQ> When was paper tape popular? <EOQ> | When was paper tape popular? | <BOL> until the 1980s <EOL> |
Analyze the premise: <BOP> 'Dean Carroll Jones (January 25, 1931 – September 1, 2015) was an American actor best known for his roles as Agent Zeke Kelso in "That Darn Cat!" (1965), Jim Douglas in "The Love Bug" (1968), Albert Dooley in "The Million Dollar Duck" (1971; for which he received a Golden Globe nomination) and Dr. Herman Varnick in "Beethoven" (1992).' </EOP>. Classify the hypothesis: <BOH> 'Dean Jones Carroll was born on January 24, 1931.' </EOH> as contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | Dean Jones Carroll was born on January 24, 1931. | {<BOL> neutral </EOL>} Dean Carroll Jones is his proper name and he was born on the 25th of January not the 24th. |
Given the detailed context: 'Club Deportivo Aguilar is a football team based in Aguilar de Campoo in the autonomous community of Castile and León. Founded in 1947, it plays in the Primera Provincial. Its stadium is "Ciudad Deportiva Alberto Fernández" with a capacity of 6,000 seats.', judge whether the statement: <BOH> 'The community of Castile and Leon was founded in 1947.' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | The community of Castile and Leon was founded in 1947. | {<BOL> neutral </EOL>} The Club Deportivo Aguilar team was founded in 1947, not the community of Castile and Leon. I think it was difficult for the AI to distinguish which one the date belonged to. |
<BOP> Chip E.'s 1985 recording "It's House" may also have helped to define this new form of electronic music. However, Chip E. himself lends credence to the Knuckles association, claiming the name came from methods of labeling records at the Importes Etc. record store, where he worked in the early 1980s: bins of music that DJ Knuckles played at the Warehouse nightclub were labelled in the store "As Heard At The Warehouse", which was shortened to simply "House". Patrons later asked for new music for the bins, which Chip E. implies was a demand the shop tried to meet by stocking newer local club hits. <EOP> <BOQ> what is the name of Chip E's 1985 house hit? <EOQ> | what is the name of Chip E's 1985 house hit? | <BOL> "It's House" <EOL> |
<BOP> Avicenna was born c. 980 in Afšana, a village near Bukhara (in present-day Uzbekistan), the capital of the Samanids, a Persian dynasty in Central Asia and Greater Khorasan. His mother, named Setareh, was from Bukhara; his father, Abdullah, was a respected Ismaili scholar from Balkh, an important town of the Samanid Empire, in what is today Balkh Province, Afghanistan, although this is not universally agreed upon. His father worked in the government of Samanid in the village Kharmasain, a Sunni regional power. After five years, his younger brother, Mahmoud, was born. Avicenna first began to learn the Quran and literature in such a way that when he was ten years old he had essentially learned all of them. <EOP> <BOQ> What was Avicenna's mother's name? <EOQ> | What was Avicenna's mother's name? | <BOL> Setareh <EOL> |
<BOP> This annexation was one of the direct causes of the brief and bloody War of the Reunions whose outcome left the French in possession. The French annexation was recognized by the Treaty of Ryswick (1697). The official policy of religious intolerance which drove most Protestants from France after the revocation of the Edict of Nantes in 1685 was not applied in Strasbourg and in Alsace, because both had a special status as a province à l'instar de l'étranger effectif (a kind of foreign province of the king of France). Strasbourg Cathedral, however, was taken from the Lutherans to be returned to the Catholics as the French authorities tried to promote Catholicism wherever they could (some other historic churches remained in Protestant hands). Its language also remained overwhelmingly German: the German Lutheran university persisted until the French Revolution. Famous students included Goethe and Herder. <EOP> <BOQ> What church was taken from the Lutherans and returned to the Catholics? <EOQ> | What church was taken from the Lutherans and returned to the Catholics? | <BOL> Strasbourg Cathedral <EOL> |
<BOP> A DBMS has evolved into a complex software system and its development typically requires thousands of human years of development effort.[a] Some general-purpose DBMSs such as Adabas, Oracle and DB2 have been undergoing upgrades since the 1970s. General-purpose DBMSs aim to meet the needs of as many applications as possible, which adds to the complexity. However, the fact that their development cost can be spread over a large number of users means that they are often the most cost-effective approach. However, a general-purpose DBMS is not always the optimal solution: in some cases a general-purpose DBMS may introduce unnecessary overhead. Therefore, there are many examples of systems that use special-purpose databases. A common example is an email system that performs many of the functions of a general-purpose DBMS such as the insertion and deletion of messages composed of various items of data or associating messages with a particular email address; but these functions are limited to what is required to handle email and don't provide the user with all of the functionality that would be available using a general-purpose DBMS. <EOP> <BOQ> Name three DBMSs that have been used since the 1970s. <EOQ> | Name three DBMSs that have been used since the 1970s. | <BOL> Adabas, Oracle and DB2 <EOL> |
Consider the premise in: <BOP> 'The Jargon Society is an independent press founded by the American poet Jonathan Williams. Jargon has published seminal works of the American literary avant-garde, including books by Charles Olson, Louis Zukofsky, Paul Metcalf, James Broughton, and Williams himself, as well as "sui generis" books of folk art such as "White Trash Cooking".' </EOP>. Would you classify the hypothesis: <BOH> 'The Jargon Society is currently being published' </EOH> as a contradiction, entailment, or neutral? Explain your reasoning. | The Jargon Society is currently being published | {<BOL> entailment </EOL>} It doesn't say anything about production times or if it's still around |
<BOP> An aircraft carrier is a warship that serves as a seagoing airbase, equipped with a full-length flight deck and facilities for carrying, arming, deploying, and recovering aircraft. Typically, it is the capital ship of a fleet, as it allows a naval force to project air power worldwide without depending on local bases for staging aircraft operations. Aircraft carriers are expensive to build and are critical assets. Aircraft carriers have evolved from converted cruisers to nuclear-powered warships that carry numerous fighter planes, strike aircraft, helicopters, and other types of aircraft. <EOP> <BOQ> What purpose do aircraft carriers serve for aircraft? <EOQ> | What purpose do aircraft carriers serve for aircraft? | <BOL> carrying, arming, deploying, and recovering <EOL> |
<BOP> A weather phenomenon known as the föhn (with an identical effect to the chinook wind) can occur at all times of the year and is characterised by an unexpectedly warm wind, bringing air of very low relative humidity to the north of the Alps during rainfall periods on the southern face of the Alps. This works both ways across the alps but is more efficient if blowing from the south due to the steeper step for oncoming wind from the south. Valleys running south to north trigger the best effect. The driest conditions persist in all inner alpine valleys that receive less rain because arriving clouds lose a lot of their content while crossing the mountains before reaching these areas. Large alpine areas such as Graubünden remain drier than pre-alpine areas and as in the main valley of the Valais wine grapes are grown there. <EOP> <BOQ> What type of grapes are grown in the valley of Valais? <EOQ> | What type of grapes are grown in the valley of Valais? | <BOL> wine <EOL> |
<BOP> The Region of Île de France, including Paris and its surrounding communities, is governed by the Regional Council, which has its headquarters in the 7th arrondissement of Paris. It is composed of 209 members representing the different communes within the region. On December 15, 2015, a list of candidates of the Union of the Right, a coalition of centrist and right-wing parties, led by Valérie Pécresse, narrowly won the regional election, defeating a coalition of Socialists and ecologists. The Socialists had governed the region for seventeen years. In 2016, the new regional council will have 121 members from the Union of the Right, 66 from the Union of the Left and 22 from the extreme right National Front. <EOP> <BOQ> For how many years did the socialists governed the region? <EOQ> | For how many years did the socialists governed the region? | <BOL> seventeen <EOL> |
Consider the premise in: <BOP> 'Budapest again became the focus of national political drama in the late 1980s, when Hungary led the reform movement in eastern Europe that broke the communist monopoly on political power and ushered in the possibility of multiparty politics.' </EOP>. Would you classify the hypothesis: <BOH> 'Budapest was a thriving country in the 80's' </EOH> as a contradiction, entailment, or neutral? Explain your reasoning. | Budapest was a thriving country in the 80's | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} it doesn't state whether or not budapest was a thriving country during the 80's or not |
Considering the context: <BOP> 'Youth in Guatemala are the largest segment of the nation's population. Youth includes individuals between the ages of 15 and 24 Over half of the population is under 19 years old in 2011, the highest proportion of young people of any country in Latin America. The health, education, and work opportunities for young people differ by ethnicity ("ladino" or indigenous) and social class.' </EOP>, determine whether the hypothesis: <BOH> 'even though young people are the most populous demograhic in the country, they do not have the same opportunities' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Provide your rationale. | even though young people are the most populous demograhic in the country, they do not have the same opportunities | {<BOL> neutral </EOL>} it states that the young population has different opportunities based on ethnicity and social class |
<BOP> Colonial Lowcountry landowners experimented with cash crops ranging from tea to silkworms. African slaves brought knowledge of rice cultivation, which plantation owners cultivated and developed as a successful commodity crop by 1700. With the coerced help of African slaves from the Caribbean, Eliza Lucas, daughter of plantation owner George Lucas, learned how to raise and use indigo in the Lowcountry in 1747. Supported with subsidies from Britain, indigo was a leading export by 1750. Those and naval stores were exported in an extremely profitable shipping industry. <EOP> <BOQ> What products were exported along with indigo from the Lowcountry? <EOQ> | What products were exported along with indigo from the Lowcountry? | <BOL> naval stores <EOL> |
<BOP> Regulation of hunting within the United States dates from the 19th century. Some modern hunters see themselves as conservationists and sportsmen in the mode of Theodore Roosevelt and the Boone and Crockett Club. Local hunting clubs and national organizations provide hunter education and help protect the future of the sport by buying land for future hunting use. Some groups represent a specific hunting interest, such as Ducks Unlimited, Pheasants Forever, or the Delta Waterfowl Foundation. Many hunting groups also participate in lobbying the federal government and state government. <EOP> <BOQ> When do hunting regulations date from in the US? <EOQ> | When do hunting regulations date from in the US? | <BOL> 19th century <EOL> |
<BOP> In 1816, François Magendie discovered that dogs fed only carbohydrates (sugar), fat (olive oil), and water died evidently of starvation, but dogs also fed protein survived, identifying protein as an essential dietary component. William Prout in 1827 was the first person to divide foods into carbohydrates, fat, and protein. During the 19th century, Jean-Baptiste Dumas and Justus von Liebig quarrelled over their shared belief that animals get their protein directly from plants (animal and plant protein are the same and that humans do not create organic compounds). With a reputation as the leading organic chemist of his day but with no credentials in animal physiology, Liebig grew rich making food extracts like beef bouillon and infant formula that were later found to be of questionable nutritious value. In the 1860s, Claude Bernard discovered that body fat can be synthesized from carbohydrate and protein, showing that the energy in blood glucose can be stored as fat or as glycogen. <EOP> <BOQ> What can be synthesized using carbohydrates and proteins? <EOQ> | What can be synthesized using carbohydrates and proteins? | <BOL> body fat <EOL> |
Analyze the premise: <BOP> 'Tony Rena Snell Jr. (born November 10, 1991) is an American professional basketball player for the Milwaukee Bucks of the National Basketball Association (NBA). Snell played college basketball for the New Mexico Lobos before declaring for the NBA draft after his junior year. He was drafted with the 20th overall pick in 2013 NBA draft by the Chicago Bulls.' </EOP>. Classify the hypothesis: <BOH> 'Tony turned down an offer from another team, before joining the Milwaukee Bucks.' </EOH> as contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | Tony turned down an offer from another team, before joining the Milwaukee Bucks. | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} There is no mention of the years between the last two teams he's been a part of, so it's entirely possible he could've gotten an offer from another team during that time. |
Given the premise: <BOP> 'Count Francesco Baracca (9 May 1888 – 19 June 1918) was Italy's top fighter ace of World War I. He was credited with 34 aerial victories. The emblem he wore side by side on his plane of a black horse prancing on its two rear feet inspired that of Ferrari.' </EOP>, evaluate whether the hypothesis: <BOH> 'Baracca was 30 years old when he passed away.' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Explain your decision. | Baracca was 30 years old when he passed away. | {<BOL> neutral </EOL>} Barracca was born May 9, 1888 and died June 19, 1918. The system had difficulty determining age. |
<BOP> Television has played a major role in the history of the Premier League. The League's decision to assign broadcasting rights to BSkyB in 1992 was at the time a radical decision, but one that has paid off. At the time pay television was an almost untested proposition in the UK market, as was charging fans to watch live televised football. However, a combination of Sky's strategy, the quality of Premier League football and the public's appetite for the game has seen the value of the Premier League's TV rights soar. <EOP> <BOQ> In which year did the Premier League decide to give BSkyB broadcasting rights? <EOQ> | In which year did the Premier League decide to give BSkyB broadcasting rights? | <BOL> 1992 <EOL> |
Given the context: <BOP> 'The Zurich derby is a football match between rivals FC Zürich and Grasshopper Club Zürich. The two teams were founded in Zürich, Switzerland. Grasshopper in 1886 and Zürich in 1896. Grasshoppers are known as the club of the elite and FCZ are known as the club of the workers. The derby is unique in Switzerland as it is the only rivalry between two teams from the same city.' </EOP>, classify the statement: <BOH> 'Grasshopper Club Zürich is 10 years older than FC Zürich.' </EOH> as a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Justify your choice. | Grasshopper Club Zürich is 10 years older than FC Zürich. | {<BOL> neutral </EOL>} Founded: "Grasshopper in 1886 and Zürich in 1896" |
Reflect on the information in: <BOP> 'The New England Black Wolves are a professional box lacrosse team based in Uncasville, Connecticut. They are members of the National Lacrosse League and began play in the winter of 2014–2015 at the Mohegan Sun Arena in Uncasville. The team is partially owned by the Mohegan Tribe of Indians of Connecticut, and partially owned by Brad Brewster.' </EOP>. Does the hypothesis: <BOH> 'The New England Black Wolves are a team based in the northeast of the USA.' </EOH> constitute a contradiction, entailment, or neutral? | The New England Black Wolves are a team based in the northeast of the USA. | {<BOL> neutral </EOL>} Connecticut is in the northeast of the USA. This was difficult for the system because it does not understand geography. |
Given the premise: <BOP> 'Logan Phillip Henderson (born September 14, 1989) is an American actor and singer. He is best known for his role as Logan Mitchell on the Nickelodeon series, "Big Time Rush", as well as being a former member of the Big Time Rush band itself. He, along with the band, have won and been nominated for multiple awards over the past few years.' </EOP>, evaluate whether the hypothesis: <BOH> 'Logan Phillip Henderson used to be a part of the Big Time Rush band back in the 1989' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Explain your decision. | Logan Phillip Henderson used to be a part of the Big Time Rush band back in the 1989 | {<BOL> neutral </EOL>} He could not have been a part of the band in 1989 since that was the year he was born, the system probably just checked the year and made sure it showed somewhere in the context |
<BOP> For collectable or nostalgia purposes, or for the benefit of higher-quality audio playback provided by the 78 rpm speed with newer vinyl records and their lightweight stylus pickups, a small number of 78 rpm records have been released since the major labels ceased production. One of the first attempts at this was in the 1950s, when inventor Ewing Dunbar Nunn founded the label Audiophile Records, which released, in addition to standard 33 1/3 rpm LPs, 78 rpm-mastered albums that were microgroove and pressed on vinyl (as opposed to traditional 78s, with their shellac composition and wider 3-mil sized grooves). This was done by the label mainly to take advantage of the wider audio frequency response that faster speeds like 78 rpm can provide for vinyl microgroove records, hence the label's name (obviously catering to the audiophiles of the 1950s "hi-fi" era, when stereo gear could provide a much wider range of audio than before). Also in the late 1950s, Bell Records released a few budget-priced 7" microgrooved records at 78 rpm. <EOP> <BOQ> What are reasons for recent releases of 78 rpm speed vinyls? <EOQ> | What are reasons for recent releases of 78 rpm speed vinyls? | <BOL> collectable or nostalgia purposes <EOL> |
<BOP> The report "Mary: Faith and Hope in Christ", by the Anglican-Roman Catholic International Commission, concluded that the teaching about Mary in the two definitions of the Assumption and the Immaculate Conception can be said to be consonant with the teaching of the Scriptures and the ancient common traditions. But the report expressed concerns that the Roman Catholic dogmatic definitions of these concepts implies them to be "revealed by God", stating: "The question arises for Anglicans, however, as to whether these doctrines concerning Mary are revealed by God in a way which must be held by believers as a matter of faith." <EOP> <BOQ> What did the document attempt to clarify ? <EOQ> | What did the document attempt to clarify ? | <BOL> teaching about Mary in the two definitions <EOL> |
<BOP> In March 2011, it was said on the Wayback Machine forum that "The Beta of the new Wayback Machine has a more complete and up-to-date index of all crawled materials into 2010, and will continue to be updated regularly. The index driving the classic Wayback Machine only has a little bit of material past 2008, and no further index updates are planned, as it will be phased out this year". <EOP> <BOQ> When were details of the test version of the updated Wayback Machine released? <EOQ> | When were details of the test version of the updated Wayback Machine released? | <BOL> March 2011 <EOL> |
<BOP> The Crimean campaign opened in September 1854. 360 ships sailed in seven columns, each steamer towing two sailing ships.:422 Anchoring on 13 September in the bay of Eupatoria, the town surrendered and 500 Marines landed to occupy it. This town and bay would provide a fall back position in case of disaster.:201 The ships then sailed east to make the landing of the allied expeditionary force on the sandy beaches of Calamita Bay on the south west coast of the Crimean Peninsula. The landing surprised the Russians, as they had been expecting a landing at Katcha; the last minute change proving that Russia had known the original battle plan. There was no sign of the enemy and the men were all landed on 14 September. It took another four days to land all the stores, equipment, horses and artillery. <EOP> <BOQ> How many Marines cause Eupatoria to surrender? <EOQ> | How many Marines cause Eupatoria to surrender? | <BOL> 500 Marines <EOL> |
Analyze the premise: <BOP> 'René Kalmer (born 3 November 1980 in Roodepoort, Gauteng) is a female South African runner who has competed over distances ranging from 800 metres to the marathon. She represented South Africa at the 2008 Summer Olympics, running in the 1500 metres. She then represented South Africa again at the 2012 Summer Olympics, competing in the marathon.' </EOP>. Classify the hypothesis: <BOH> 'Kalmer was born twenty eight cycles around the sun before she ran a bunch of metres in the Olympics.' </EOH> as contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | Kalmer was born twenty eight cycles around the sun before she ran a bunch of metres in the Olympics. | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} It's correct because the text said so. |
With the given context: <BOP> 'Donington is a large village and civil parish in the South Holland district of Lincolnshire, England. It is situated 8 mi north from the market town of Spalding on the A152, and is bypassed by the A52. The parish includes the hamlet of Northorpe, and' </EOP>, analyze if the hypothesis: <BOH> 'Northorpe is smaller than Donington.' </EOH> is best described as a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Justify your answer. | Northorpe is smaller than Donington. | {<BOL> neutral </EOL>} Donington is a large village and parish that includes Northorpe, a hamlet; by including it, Donington must be larger [in size and population]. The system may not understand the concept of 'including'. |
<BOP> More detail was given in Darwin's 1868 book on The Variation of Animals and Plants under Domestication, which tried to explain heredity through his hypothesis of pangenesis. Although Darwin had privately questioned blending inheritance, he struggled with the theoretical difficulty that novel individual variations would tend to blend into a population. However, inherited variation could be seen, and Darwin's concept of selection working on a population with a range of small variations was workable. It was not until the modern evolutionary synthesis in the 1930s and 1940s that a model of heredity became completely integrated with a model of variation. This modern evolutionary synthesis had been dubbed Neo Darwinian Evolution because it encompasses Charles Darwin's theories of evolution with Gregor Mendel's theories of genetic inheritance. <EOP> <BOQ> While Darwin wasn't sure about blending inherited traits, what was his opinion about utilizing inherited variation? <EOQ> | While Darwin wasn't sure about blending inherited traits, what was his opinion about utilizing inherited variation? | <BOL> Darwin's concept of selection working on a population with a range of small variations was workable <EOL> |
From the information in: <BOP> 'The New Pornographers is a Canadian indie rock band formed in 1997 in Vancouver, British Columbia. Presented as a musical collective of singer-songwriters and musicians from multiple projects, the band has released seven studio albums to critical acclaim for their use of multiple vocalists and elements of power pop incorporated into their music.' </EOP>, deduce whether the hypothesis: <BOH> 'The New Pornographers did not release an album in the first year they were together' </EOH> results in a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | The New Pornographers did not release an album in the first year they were together | {<BOL> entailment </EOL>} This is neither because it gives us no dates on their albums. The system must be confused of something, but I'm not sure |
<BOP> In the early 1900s, James J. Hill of the Great Northern began promoting settlement in the Montana prairie to fill his trains with settlers and goods. Other railroads followed suit. In 1902, the Reclamation Act was passed, allowing irrigation projects to be built in Montana's eastern river valleys. In 1909, Congress passed the Enlarged Homestead Act that expanded the amount of free land from 160 to 320 acres (0.6 to 1.3 km2) per family and in 1912 reduced the time to "prove up" on a claim to three years. In 1916, the Stock-Raising Homestead Act allowed homesteads of 640 acres in areas unsuitable for irrigation. This combination of advertising and changes in the Homestead Act drew tens of thousands of homesteaders, lured by free land, with World War I bringing particularly high wheat prices. In addition, Montana was going through a temporary period of higher-than-average precipitation. Homesteaders arriving in this period were known as "Honyockers", or "scissorbills." Though the word "honyocker", possibly derived from the ethnic slur "hunyak," was applied in a derisive manner at homesteaders as being "greenhorns", "new at his business" or "unprepared", the reality was that a majority of these new settlers had previous farming experience, though there were also many who did not. <EOP> <BOQ> What year was the Enlarged Homestead Act passed? <EOQ> | What year was the Enlarged Homestead Act passed? | <BOL> 1909 <EOL> |
<BOP> A person can be exposed to uranium (or its radioactive daughters, such as radon) by inhaling dust in air or by ingesting contaminated water and food. The amount of uranium in air is usually very small; however, people who work in factories that process phosphate fertilizers, live near government facilities that made or tested nuclear weapons, live or work near a modern battlefield where depleted uranium weapons have been used, or live or work near a coal-fired power plant, facilities that mine or process uranium ore, or enrich uranium for reactor fuel, may have increased exposure to uranium. Houses or structures that are over uranium deposits (either natural or man-made slag deposits) may have an increased incidence of exposure to radon gas. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has set the permissible exposure limit for uranium exposure in the workplace as 0.25 mg/m3 over an 8-hour workday. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) has set a recommended exposure limit (REL) of 0.2 mg/m3 over an 8-hour workday and a short-term limit of 0.6 mg/m3. At levels of 10 mg/m3, uranium is immediately dangerous to life and health. <EOP> <BOQ> What does REL stand for? <EOQ> | What does REL stand for? | <BOL> recommended exposure limit <EOL> |
<BOP> The outcome of the First World War was disastrous for both the German Reich and the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic. During the war, the Bolsheviks struggled for survival, and Vladimir Lenin recognised the independence of Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland. Moreover, facing a German military advance, Lenin and Trotsky were forced to enter into the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, which ceded massive western Russian territories to the German Empire. After Germany's collapse, a multinational Allied-led army intervened in the Russian Civil War (1917–22). <EOP> <BOQ> What agreement gave Germany many regions of Russia in the first world war? <EOQ> | What agreement gave Germany many regions of Russia in the first world war? | <BOL> Treaty of Brest-Litovsk <EOL> |
Given the detailed context: 'Gen. Maza Marquez said that the fact that a payment is being offered for the capture of Pablo Escobar does not mean that other persons accused of being capos of the mafia are not being sought, and that if anyone being held in connection with the investigation of the killing of Luis Carlos Galan is released, that does not mean that the investigations are not proceeding well.', judge whether the statement: <BOH> 'They will never catch Luis Carlos Galan's killer' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | They will never catch Luis Carlos Galan's killer | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} well the context talks about how they are investigating a persons murder, and I simply wrote that they will never find the killer which with the info provided, is unknown if it will happen. |
Based on the details provided in: <BOP> 'Bailey was recalled from AHL Rochester on Friday. Bailey's history in the NHL isn't a long one, but he does have a solid track record with the Sabres this season. In just seven games -- with limited ice time -- Bailey has churned out three points (two goals, one assist). The 2013 second-round pick hasn't excelled as much in the AHL circuit this season, but he still has plenty of time to develop at just 22 years old.' </EOP>, determine if the claim: <BOH> 'Bailey has only ever played for the Sabres.' </EOH> represents a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | Bailey has only ever played for the Sabres. | {<BOL> neutral </EOL>} Players hope to move from the NHL to the AHL. |
With the premise: <BOP> 'A Long Hike<br>Martha was in the middle of an extremely long hike. She was super tired and getting ready to give up. At this point she was so far in that turning back was useless. She forced herself to trudge through her laziness. When she did finish the hike, she felt thrilled and proud of herself.' </EOP>, decide if the hypothesis: <BOH> 'She is very determined' </EOH> leads to a contradiction, entailment, or neutral result. Explain why. | She is very determined | {<BOL> neutral </EOL>} Martha needs to be determined to make it through her hike. This makes my statement correct. The model was probably confused because I used a common noun instead of a proper noun when talking about Martha |
<BOP> Allied submarines did not adopt a defensive posture and wait for the enemy to attack. Within hours after the Pearl Harbor attack, in retribution against Japan, Roosevelt promulgated a new doctrine: unrestricted submarine warfare against Japan. This meant sinking any warship, commercial vessel, or passenger ship in Axis-controlled waters, without warning and without help to survivors.[nb 13] At the outbreak of the war in the Pacific the Dutch Admiral in charge of the naval defense of the East Indies, Conrad Helfrich, gave instructions to wage war aggressively. His small force of submarines sank more Japanese ships in the first weeks of the war than the entire British and US navies together, an exploit which earned him the nickname "Ship-a-day Helfrich". The Dutch force were in fact the first to sink an enemy warship; On 24 December 1941, HNLMS K XVI torpedoed and sank the Japanese destroyer Sagiri. <EOP> <BOQ> What was the nickname given to the Dutch Admiral in charge of the East Indies? <EOQ> | What was the nickname given to the Dutch Admiral in charge of the East Indies? | <BOL> "Ship-a-day Helfrich" <EOL> |
<BOP> Jim Foster, a promotions manager with the National Football League, conceived of indoor football while watching an indoor soccer match at Madison Square Garden in 1981. While at the game, he wrote his idea on a 9x12 envelope, with sketches of the field and notes on gameplay. He presented the idea to a few friends at the NFL offices, where he received praise and encouragement for his concept. After solidifying the rules and a business plan, and supplemented with sketches by a professional artist, Foster presented his idea to various television networks. He reached an agreement with NBC for a "test game". <EOP> <BOQ> In what year did Jim Foster conceive of the idea of arena football? <EOQ> | In what year did Jim Foster conceive of the idea of arena football? | <BOL> 1981 <EOL> |
<BOP> The Soviet Union duplicated its dual-launch feat with Vostok 5 and Vostok 6 (June 16, 1963). This time they launched the first woman (also the first civilian), Valentina Tereshkova, into space on Vostok 6. Launching a woman was reportedly Korolev's idea, and it was accomplished purely for propaganda value. Tereshkova was one of a small corps of female cosmonauts who were amateur parachutists, but Tereshkova was the only one to fly. The USSR didn't again open its cosmonaut corps to women until 1980, two years after the United States opened its astronaut corps to women. <EOP> <BOQ> What spacecraft carried Valentina Tereshkova, the first woman in space? <EOQ> | What spacecraft carried Valentina Tereshkova, the first woman in space? | <BOL> Vostok 6 <EOL> |
Consider the premise in: <BOP> 'How to make the most of your time when studying<br>Develop a schedule that will allow you adequate time to study. Having a schedule makes you see that you have certain things to do and will give you an allocated time that you should be focusing only on your studying. To make the most of time when studying, select the times of day your brain is at its peak performance.' </EOP>. Would you classify the hypothesis: <BOH> 'Your brain performs worse during certain times of day.' </EOH> as a contradiction, entailment, or neutral? Explain your reasoning. | Your brain performs worse during certain times of day. | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} The context implies there are times of day where your brain is at its peak performance. This means that there must be times of day where your brain is not at its peak performance, and therefore is performing worse. |
Analyze the premise: <BOP> 'Cancer: The Emperor of All Maladies is a 2015 American documentary film directed by Barak Goodman and produced by Ken Burns. The film, in three-episodes of two hours each, is based on the Pulitzer Prize winning 2010 book, "", by Siddhartha Mukherjee, and describes the history of cancer, and cancer treatments, particularly in the United States.' </EOP>. Classify the hypothesis: <BOH> 'Barak Goodman began directing films in 2014.' </EOH> as contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | Barak Goodman began directing films in 2014. | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} It's never mentioned in the text when he began directing films, so we don't know. It's difficult because the text mentions a film directed by him in 2015, so this information probably confused the system. |
Using the premise: <BOP> 'Buddy Cannon (born in Lexington, Tennessee, August 9, 1947) is an American country music songwriter and record producer. Active since the late 1970s, he is known primarily for his work as Kenny Chesney's record producer, for which he won the Academy of Country Music's Producer of the Year award in 2006.' </EOP>, decide if the conclusion: <BOH> 'Buddy has only worked in the music industry' </EOH> logically follows as a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Explain your reasoning. | Buddy has only worked in the music industry | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} The context only talks about his career in the music industry, therefore it is unknown if he worked anywhere else - it is both correct and incorrect. |
<BOP> Several campus safety strategies have been pioneered at Yale. The first campus police force was founded at Yale in 1894, when the university contracted city police officers to exclusively cover the campus. Later hired by the university, the officers were originally brought in to quell unrest between students and city residents and curb destructive student behavior. In addition to the Yale Police Department, a variety of safety services are available including blue phones, a safety escort, and 24-hour shuttle service. <EOP> <BOQ> When were the first campus police formed at Yale? <EOQ> | When were the first campus police formed at Yale? | <BOL> 1894 <EOL> |
<BOP> The other Ancient Greek dialects, Ionic, Doric, Aeolic, and Arcadocypriot, likely had the same three-way distinction at one point, but Doric seems to have had a fricative in place of /tʰ/ in the Classical period, and the Ionic and Aeolic dialects sometimes lost aspiration (psilosis). <EOP> <BOQ> Rather than /tʰ/, what did the Doric dialect have in place during the Classical period? <EOQ> | Rather than /tʰ/, what did the Doric dialect have in place during the Classical period? | <BOL> fricative <EOL> |
Reflect on the information in: <BOP> 'Late Night<br>Kia had been assigned a novel to read for English class. She dawdled all week. The night before it was due, she panicked. She had read almost nothing! She had to stay up until almost 3AM to finish the novel.' </EOP>. Does the hypothesis: <BOH> 'Kia got an extension and was able to read the novel for two weeks.' </EOH> constitute a contradiction, entailment, or neutral? | Kia got an extension and was able to read the novel for two weeks. | {<BOL> neutral </EOL>} The context says Kia had to read it in one week and then read almost all of it in one night at the end of the week. |
<BOP> Of Alaska's 2010 Census population figure of 710,231, 20,429 people, or 2.88% of the population, did not live in an incorporated city or census-designated place. Approximately three-quarters of that figure were people who live in urban and suburban neighborhoods on the outskirts of the city limits of Ketchikan, Kodiak, Palmer and Wasilla. CDPs have not been established for these areas by the United States Census Bureau, except that seven CDPs were established for the Ketchikan-area neighborhoods in the 1980 Census (Clover Pass, Herring Cove, Ketchikan East, Mountain Point, North Tongass Highway, Pennock Island and Saxman East), but have not been used since. The remaining population was scattered throughout Alaska, both within organized boroughs and in the Unorganized Borough, in largely remote areas. <EOP> <BOQ> What four areas have not been established as CDPs by the Census Bureau? <EOQ> | What four areas have not been established as CDPs by the Census Bureau? | <BOL> Ketchikan, Kodiak, Palmer and Wasilla <EOL> |
<BOP> After Demetrius' death, civil wars between Bactrian kings in India allowed Apollodotus I (from c. 180/175 BCE) to make himself independent as the first proper Indo-Greek king (who did not rule from Bactria). Large numbers of his coins have been found in India, and he seems to have reigned in Gandhara as well as western Punjab. Apollodotus I was succeeded by or ruled alongside Antimachus II, likely the son of the Bactrian king Antimachus I. In about 155 (or 165) BC he seems to have been succeeded by the most successful of the Indo-Greek kings, Menander I. Menander converted to Buddhism, and seems to have been a great patron of the religion; he is remembered in some Buddhist texts as 'Milinda'. He also expanded the kingdom further east into Punjab, though these conquests were rather ephemeral. <EOP> <BOQ> Who succeeded or ruled alongside Apollodotus I? <EOQ> | Who succeeded or ruled alongside Apollodotus I? | <BOL> Antimachus II <EOL> |
<BOP> Seattle has been a regional center for the performing arts for many years. The century-old Seattle Symphony Orchestra is among the world's most recorded and performs primarily at Benaroya Hall. The Seattle Opera and Pacific Northwest Ballet, which perform at McCaw Hall (opened 2003 on the site of the former Seattle Opera House at Seattle Center), are comparably distinguished, with the Opera being particularly known for its performances of the works of Richard Wagner and the PNB School (founded in 1974) ranking as one of the top three ballet training institutions in the United States. The Seattle Youth Symphony Orchestras (SYSO) is the largest symphonic youth organization in the United States. The city also boasts lauded summer and winter chamber music festivals organized by the Seattle Chamber Music Society. <EOP> <BOQ> In what venue does the Seattle symphony perform? <EOQ> | In what venue does the Seattle symphony perform? | <BOL> Benaroya Hall <EOL> |
With the given context: <BOP> 'From Monday to Sunday is the fourth solo album by English singer-songwriter Nick Heyward. It was released in 1993 through Epic Records and produced two singles, ‘’Kite’’ (#44 in the UK Singles Chart, #4 in Billboard’s Hot Modern Rock Tracks chart) and ‘’He Doesn’t Love You Like I Do’’ (#58 in the UK Singles Chart).' </EOP>, analyze if the hypothesis: <BOH> 'From Monday to Sunday did well at the billboards' </EOH> is best described as a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Justify your answer. | From Monday to Sunday did well at the billboards | {<BOL> neutral </EOL>} #4 |
<BOP> During this period, the Weapons Station was the Atlantic Fleet's loadout base for all nuclear ballistic missile submarines. Two SSBN "Boomer" squadrons and a submarine tender were homeported at the Weapons Station, while one SSN attack squadron, Submarine Squadron 4, and a submarine tender were homeported at the Naval Base. At the 1996 closure of the station's Polaris Missile Facility Atlantic (POMFLANT), over 2,500 nuclear warheads and their UGM-27 Polaris, UGM-73 Poseidon, and UGM-96 Trident I delivery missiles (SLBM) were stored and maintained, guarded by a U.S. Marine Corps security force company. <EOP> <BOQ> What type of security force guards the 2500 nuclear warheads? <EOQ> | What type of security force guards the 2500 nuclear warheads? | <BOL> a U.S. Marine Corps security force company. <EOL> |
Based on the details provided in: <BOP> 'Mützig is a beer brand owned by Heineken and its subsidiaries, and was originally brewed in 1810 by of Alsace, France. It is now a 5.5% ABV lager available in 65cl and 33cl bottles. It has a full-bodied taste and distinctive packaging, and is the most successful premium, locally brewed beer in Central Africa. Mützig is considered a flagship African brand.' </EOP>, determine if the claim: <BOH> 'Germany's favorite beer is mutzig.' </EOH> represents a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | Germany's favorite beer is mutzig. | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} There is no mention of Germany so it could be true. |
Given the premise: <BOP> 'August Perk (October 25, 1897, Lohne / Lingen, Germany; – May 12, 1945, Braunschweig, Germany) was a German Resistance fighter against the National Socialism. His brief friendship with Erich Maria Remarque influenced Remarque's novel "All Quiet on the Western Front".' </EOP>, evaluate whether the hypothesis: <BOH> 'The novel "All Quiet on the Western front" influenced Erich Maria Remarque to become a German Resistance fighter against the National Socialism.' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Explain your decision. | The novel "All Quiet on the Western front" influenced Erich Maria Remarque to become a German Resistance fighter against the National Socialism. | {<BOL> neutral </EOL>} Remarque wrote the novel "All Quiet on the Western Front" so it did not influence him. Also, Remarque was the novelist not the resistance fighter. |
<BOP> Earthworms are Oligochaetes that support terrestrial food chains both as prey and in some regions are important in aeration and enriching of soil. The burrowing of marine polychaetes, which may constitute up to a third of all species in near-shore environments, encourages the development of ecosystems by enabling water and oxygen to penetrate the sea floor. In addition to improving soil fertility, annelids serve humans as food and as bait. Scientists observe annelids to monitor the quality of marine and fresh water. Although blood-letting is no longer in favor with doctors, some leech species are regarded as endangered species because they have been over-harvested for this purpose in the last few centuries. Ragworms' jaws are now being studied by engineers as they offer an exceptional combination of lightness and strength. <EOP> <BOQ> What annelids' jaws are being studied by engineers? <EOQ> | What annelids' jaws are being studied by engineers? | <BOL> Ragworms <EOL> |
Based on the details provided in: <BOP> 'Sigismund Casimir, Crown Prince of Poland (Polish: "Zygmunt Kazimierz Waza" ), (1 April 1640 – 9 August 1647) - was the only legitimate son of King Władysław IV and his first wife Queen Cecilia Renata. He was named after his grandfather Sigismund III, and uncle John Casimir.' </EOP>, determine if the claim: <BOH> 'King Władysław IV and his first wife Queen Cecilia Renata had illegitimate children other than the Crown Prince.' </EOH> represents a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | King Władysław IV and his first wife Queen Cecilia Renata had illegitimate children other than the Crown Prince. | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} We are told that the Crown Prince was the fist legitimate son of King Władysław IV and his first wife Queen Cecilia Renata, eluding to their being illegitimate children as well. The AI can not know this from the text. |
Given the context: <BOP> 'Stainer & Bell Limited is a British publisher of classical sheet music and books, based in London. Stainer, founded in 1907, publish the works of a number of significant twentieth-century composers, including Charles Villiers Stanford, Gustav Holst, Ralph Vaughan Williams, and Herbert Howells. They also publish a number of earlier composers, including Henry VIII, William Byrd, and Henry Purcell.' </EOP>, classify the statement: <BOH> 'Stainer & Bell Limited was founded in nineteen hundred ninety two.' </EOH> as a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Justify your choice. | Stainer & Bell Limited was founded in nineteen hundred ninety two. | {<BOL> entailment </EOL>} It was founded in 1907, not 1992. It's difficult because I wrote out the year in words instead of directly. |
Reflect on the information in: <BOP> 'Italo Calvino (] ; 15 October 1923 – 19 September 1985) was an Italian journalist and writer of short stories and novels. His best known works include the "Our Ancestors" trilogy (1952–1959), the "Cosmicomics" collection of short stories (1965), and the novels "Invisible Cities" (1972) and "If on a winter's night a traveler" (1979).' </EOP>. Does the hypothesis: <BOH> 'Italo Cavino wrote everything in longhand.' </EOH> constitute a contradiction, entailment, or neutral? | Italo Cavino wrote everything in longhand. | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} I don;lt know, he could have written with a typewriter or not. I doubt the machine knows the tools of writers well. |
<BOP> The Carnival in Uruguay covers more than 40 days, generally beginning towards the end of January and running through mid March. Celebrations in Montevideo are the largest. The festival is performed in the European parade style with elements from Bantu and Angolan Benguela cultures imported with slaves in colonial times. The main attractions of Uruguayan Carnival include two colorful parades called Desfile de Carnaval (Carnival Parade) and Desfile de Llamadas (Calls Parade, a candombe-summoning parade). <EOP> <BOQ> What parade style does Uruguay's festival ape? <EOQ> | What parade style does Uruguay's festival ape? | <BOL> European <EOL> |
<BOP> In Australia, the formal ceremony of granting assent in parliament has not been regularly used since the early 20th century. Now, the bill is sent to the governor-general's residence by the house in which it originated. The governor-general then signs the bill, sending messages to the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives, who notify their respective houses of the governor-general's action. A similar practice is followed in New Zealand, where the governor-general has not personally granted the Royal Assent in parliament since 1875. <EOP> <BOQ> In what year did the New Zealand governor-general last personally grant the royal assent in parliament? <EOQ> | In what year did the New Zealand governor-general last personally grant the royal assent in parliament? | <BOL> 1875 <EOL> |
<BOP> The Middle Ages is one of the three major periods in the most enduring scheme for analysing European history: classical civilisation, or Antiquity; the Middle Ages; and the Modern Period. <EOP> <BOQ> Along with Antiquity and the Middle Ages, what is the other major division of European history? <EOQ> | Along with Antiquity and the Middle Ages, what is the other major division of European history? | <BOL> the Modern Period <EOL> |
Given the premise: <BOP> 'Baoquan () is a town in Kedong County, western Heilongjiang province, Northeast China, located on a tributary of the Nonni River more than 190 km east-northeast of the city of Qiqihar. China National Highway 202 (G202) passes through the town, which is down the road from the city of Bei'an and the county seat, which lies some 13 km to the south.' </EOP>, evaluate whether the hypothesis: <BOH> 'Bei'an is the closest city to Baoquan' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Explain your decision. | Bei'an is the closest city to Baoquan | {<BOL> entailment </EOL>} The context states that Bei'an is about 13 km away; however, it is unclear if there are any closer cities. |
Reflect on the information in: <BOP> '"Requiem" is the seventh episode in the fifth season, and the 101st overall episode, of the American crime drama television series "NCIS". It first aired on CBS in the United States on November 6, 2007. The episode was written by Shane Brennan and directed by Tony Wharmby.' </EOP>. Does the hypothesis: <BOH> '"Requiem" aired on another station before airing on CBS.' </EOH> constitute a contradiction, entailment, or neutral? | "Requiem" aired on another station before airing on CBS. | {<BOL> neutral </EOL>} The statement says it first aired on CBS. I tricked the bot by not mentioning it airing on a specific other station. |
<BOP> The term can be found used in an October 1845 Massachusetts Circuit Court ruling in the patent case Davoll et al. v. Brown., in which Justice Charles L. Woodbury wrote that "only in this way can we protect intellectual property, the labors of the mind, productions and interests are as much a man's own...as the wheat he cultivates, or the flocks he rears." The statement that "discoveries are...property" goes back earlier. Section 1 of the French law of 1791 stated, "All new discoveries are the property of the author; to assure the inventor the property and temporary enjoyment of his discovery, there shall be delivered to him a patent for five, ten or fifteen years." In Europe, French author A. Nion mentioned propriété intellectuelle in his Droits civils des auteurs, artistes et inventeurs, published in 1846. <EOP> <BOQ> When did French author A. Nion mention intellectual property? <EOQ> | When did French author A. Nion mention intellectual property? | <BOL> 1846 <EOL> |
Based on the details provided in: <BOP> 'One of Argentina's top Falkland negotiators said Mr Hurd's visit the first by a cabinet minister since the 1982 Falklands conflict meant we are on our way to a broader richer relationship in which the islands are only a part of the relationship not the only issue.' </EOP>, determine if the claim: <BOH> 'Mr Hurd is one of Argentina's top Falkland negotiators' </EOH> represents a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | Mr Hurd is one of Argentina's top Falkland negotiators | {<BOL> entailment </EOL>} According to the text, One of Argentina's top Falkland negotiators said Mr Hurd's visit |
From the facts presented in <BOP> 'Harold Giles Hoffman (February 7, 1896 – June 4, 1954) was an American politician, a Republican who served as the 41st Governor of New Jersey, from 1935 to 1938. He also served two terms representing 's 3 congressional district in the United States House of Representatives, from 1927 to 1931.' </EOP>, decide if the statement: <BOH> 'Harold Giles Hoffman die at age of 5' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | Harold Giles Hoffman die at age of 5 | {<BOL> neutral </EOL>} Harold Giles Hoffman (February 7, 1896 – June 4, 1954) |
Examine the premise: <BOP> 'How to view fall foliage<br>Consider the timing of the peak foliage in autumn. The fall color season usually runs from late september to mid-october. [substeps] Fall foliage is determined by a number of factors, including shorter days, colder nights and the amount of moisture in the ground.' </EOP> and assess if the subsequent statement: <BOH> 'Fall doesn't last long enough.' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Include your rationale. | Fall doesn't last long enough. | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} Fall doesn't last long enough is an opinion based on no hard fact. I think the machine got it wrong because it couldn't understand that. |
Given the detailed context: 'I interpret the order and the amended order to mean that Your Honor, in a sense, has addressed them as fact witnesses. I don't think you actually come out and use the word "fact witnesses," but as one reads the order, that's the implication. And you initially had indicated that you did not feel that the reporter's privilege stood in this kind of a case.', judge whether the statement: <BOH> 'I don't think you actually come out and use the word "fat witnesses," but as one reads the order, that's the implication.' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | I don't think you actually come out and use the word "fat witnesses," but as one reads the order, that's the implication. | {<BOL> neutral </EOL>} It's definitely incorrect because the text says "fact witnesses", not "fat witnesses". It's difficult for the system because they are very similar textually. |
Using the premise: <BOP> 'Peter Charanis (1908 – 23 March 1985), born Panagiotis Charanis (Greek: Παναγιώτης Χαρανής ), was a Greece-born American scholar of Byzantium and the Voorhees Professor of History at Rutgers University. Dr. Charanis was long associated with the Dumbarton Oaks research library.' </EOP>, decide if the conclusion: <BOH> 'Peter got married to another scholar in 1963.' </EOH> logically follows as a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Explain your reasoning. | Peter got married to another scholar in 1963. | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} The context about Peter does not describe Peter's personal life in any context. So it is very possible that he did get married in 1963. |
Examine the premise: <BOP> '"Call My Name" is a song recorded by Pietro Lombardi from his first studio album "Jackpot" (2011). The song is the debut single of the winner of the eighth season of Deutschland sucht den Superstar ("DSDS"). It was written and produced by "DSDS" jury member Dieter Bohlen. The song was released on May 7, 2011.' </EOP> and assess if the subsequent statement: <BOH> '"Call my Name" was written and recorded by Pierrot Lombardi for his album "Jackpot".' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Include your rationale. | "Call my Name" was written and recorded by Pierrot Lombardi for his album "Jackpot". | {<BOL> entailment </EOL>} While "Call my Name" was recorded by Pietro Lombardi, it was written by Dieter Bohlen, so the statement is definitely incorrect. |
Subsets and Splits