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据《好莱坞记者报》9月22日消息，好莱坞将拍郎朗传记片，由奥斯卡最佳导演朗·霍华德执导。该传记片改编自郎朗的自传《千里之行：我的故事》，将在中国和美国取景，用普通话和英语进行拍摄。
Ron Howard will direct a new, as-yet-untitled biopic on world-renowned pianist Lang Lang based on the memoir Journey of a Thousand Miles by Lang and David Ritz.
as-yet-untitled：标题未定的
此外，郎朗本人将作为电影的执行制作人加盟，同时，《纸人》《福尔摩斯2：影子游戏》的编剧基兰·麦隆尼和米歇尔·麦隆尼夫妇将携手操刀剧本。
Chinese pianist Lang Lang at a March recital of the complete Goldberg Variations at the St. Thomas Church in Leipzig, Germany, the final resting place of its composer, Johann Sebastian Bach. [Photo provided to China Daily]
今年38岁的郎朗出生于辽宁省沈阳市沈河区，毕业于美国柯蒂斯音乐学院。1997年，15岁的郎朗与IMG经纪公司签约，正式开启了职业演出生涯。
23年的艺术生涯，这位音乐天才早已是享誉世界的钢琴大师，他的唱片已在全球销售数百万张，雄踞众多古典音乐榜首位，并同时在主流乐界获得巨大的成功。
片方表示，电影将从郎朗的沈阳的童年开始聚焦他的人生，“他被誉为最优秀的古典钢琴家之一，其戏剧性的演奏风格深受人们喜爱，而获得成就的道路从来不是一帆风顺，他童年受到父母婚姻破裂和家庭财务状况不稳定的影响，后来去美国柯蒂斯音乐学院就读，师从加里·格拉夫曼，也开启了职业生涯冒险之旅，曾在梵蒂冈、格莱美、2008年北京奥运会上都有过演出”。
The film will chart the story from Lang’s childhood in the provincial city of Shenyang in Northern China to the influential Beijing Central Conservatory of Music and his improbable journey to America where he rose to become a globally acclaimed musician who has played for audiences around the world including at the Vatican, the 2008 Beijing Olympics opening ceremony, and multiple appearances at the Grammy awards.
为什么是霍华德？
在好莱坞的名导中，霍华德绝对算得上人物传记片领域的佼佼者。他为诺贝尔经济学奖获得者约翰·福布斯·纳什拍摄的《美丽心灵》，曾获第74届奥斯卡金像奖最佳影片，他也因此斩获那届奥斯卡的最佳导演。
Howard is known for directing films like Apollo 13, A Beautiful Mind (which earned him two Oscars), Frost/Nixon, and more recently, Solo: A Star Wars Story.
霍华德因其导演的电影《阿波罗13号》、《美丽心灵》（赢得两项奥斯卡奖）、 《福斯特对话尼克松》和近期作品《游侠索罗：星球大战外传》而闻名。
霍华德和制片人搭档布莱恩·格雷泽在一份联合声明中表示：“郎朗的故事是一个关于决心、激情、牺牲和找到内在力量去战胜困难的故事。这部电影是两种文化之间的桥梁，传达了一个普遍的真理，即我们在追求卓越的过程中所面临的挑战。”
"Lang Lang’s story is one of determination, passion, sacrifice, and finding the inner strength to beat the odds. This film is a bridge between two cultures that share universal truths about the gauntlets we face in the pursuit of greatness."
这次好莱坞为郎朗打造传记片，他本人也发了一份声明，郎朗说：“要有远大的梦想，努力工作，永远相信自己。感谢朗·霍华德的远见卓识，这部电影将激励全世界的年轻人追随自己的梦想，永远不要忘记他们是万里挑一的。”
"Dream big, work hard, and always believe in yourself. This movie, thanks to Ron Howard’s vision, will inspire young people around the world to follow their dreams and never forget they are one in a million."
中西合作模式引热议
不过，这种西方导演拍摄中国故事的模式引发了不少质疑。
消息发出不久，美籍华人导演王子逸就发推质疑，“郎朗是一位出生在中国、受过古典训练的钢琴家，我相信如果不深入了解中国文化就不可能讲好郎朗的故事。”
The news that Ron Howard will direct a biopic about Chinese pianist Lang Lang has already faced criticism, including from The Farewell's Lulu Wang.
朗·霍华德要为中国钢琴家郎朗拍摄传记片的消息已经收到批评，其中包括电影《别告诉她》的导演王子逸。
The Chinese American filmmaker questioned whether Howard has the cultural context needed to helm a project that will likely explore various facets of the arts in China.
这位美籍华裔导演质疑霍华德是否具备足够的文化背景，来执导一部挖掘中国艺术各个方面的电影。
美籍华裔导演、编剧、制片人王子逸以导演编剧作品《身后事》（2014）和《别告诉她》（2019）而闻名。
她进一步解释说：“我说这些不是因为我想导演这部电影。我不是。我只是觉得，这些艺术家不能抓住郎朗家乡中国东北地区的文化特质。”
I'm not saying this because I want to direct this movie. I do not. I just don't think these are the artists to grapple with the cultural specificities of Northeast China where Lang Lang are from.
同样地，在《好莱坞记者报》这篇报道的推文下面，网友的关注点都在西方人拍中国故事上：
为啥要让一个白人来讲述亚洲的故事，明明有那么多有才华的亚洲导演可以选择。
《木兰》的遭遇，还没学乖吗？
别再让脑洞大开的白人团队讲述亚洲故事了。百害而无一利。中国的能人导演多了去，为什么总找白人。这是一种文化消除和文化殖民。够了。
也有人认为，选什么人拍电影，只要郎朗本人同意就够了。
我是希望他们找一个中国导演啦，但是郎朗本人就是执行制片。如果他觉得让朗·霍华德来拍没问题，我们也不用太在意。但如果郎朗说他本想找别的导演，那我们再发火也不迟。
就是，选谁来拍、怎么拍，应该是郎朗说了算，又不是我们。
大好机会，让更多观众了解古典乐！
编辑：陈月华 左卓
来源：好莱坞记者报 网易新闻 | Ron Howard will direct a new, as-yet-untitled biopic on world-renowned pianist Lang Lang based on the memoir Journey of a Thousand Miles by Lang and David Ritz.
Chinese pianist Lang Lang at a March recital of the complete Goldberg Variations at the St. Thomas Church in Leipzig, Germany, the final resting place of its composer, Johann Sebastian Bach. [Photo provided to China Daily]
The film will chart the story from Lang’s childhood in the provincial city of Shenyang in Northern China to the influential Beijing Central Conservatory of Music and his improbable journey to America where he rose to become a globally acclaimed musician who has played for audiences around the world including at the Vatican, the 2008 Beijing Olympics opening ceremony, and multiple appearances at the Grammy awards.
Howard is known for directing films like Apollo 13, A Beautiful Mind (which earned him two Oscars), Frost/Nixon, and more recently, Solo: A Star Wars Story.
"Lang Lang’s story is one of determination, passion, sacrifice, and finding the inner strength to beat the odds. This film is a bridge between two cultures that share universal truths about the gauntlets we face in the pursuit of greatness."
"Dream big, work hard, and always believe in yourself. This movie, thanks to Ron Howard’s vision, will inspire young people around the world to follow their dreams and never forget they are one in a million."
The news that Ron Howard will direct a biopic about Chinese pianist Lang Lang has already faced criticism, including from The Farewell's Lulu Wang.
The Chinese American filmmaker questioned whether Howard has the cultural context needed to helm a project that will likely explore various facets of the arts in China.
I'm not saying this because I want to direct this movie. I do not. I just don't think these are the artists to grapple with the cultural specificities of Northeast China where Lang Lang are from. | 据《好莱坞记者报》9月22日消息，好莱坞将拍郎朗传记片，由奥斯卡最佳导演朗·霍华德执导。该传记片改编自郎朗的自传《千里之行：我的故事》，将在中国和美国取景，用普通话和英语进行拍摄。
as-yet-untitled：标题未定的
此外，郎朗本人将作为电影的执行制作人加盟，同时，《纸人》《福尔摩斯2：影子游戏》的编剧基兰·麦隆尼和米歇尔·麦隆尼夫妇将携手操刀剧本。
今年38岁的郎朗出生于辽宁省沈阳市沈河区，毕业于美国柯蒂斯音乐学院。1997年，15岁的郎朗与IMG经纪公司签约，正式开启了职业演出生涯。
23年的艺术生涯，这位音乐天才早已是享誉世界的钢琴大师，他的唱片已在全球销售数百万张，雄踞众多古典音乐榜首位，并同时在主流乐界获得巨大的成功。
片方表示，电影将从郎朗的沈阳的童年开始聚焦他的人生，“他被誉为最优秀的古典钢琴家之一，其戏剧性的演奏风格深受人们喜爱，而获得成就的道路从来不是一帆风顺，他童年受到父母婚姻破裂和家庭财务状况不稳定的影响，后来去美国柯蒂斯音乐学院就读，师从加里·格拉夫曼，也开启了职业生涯冒险之旅，曾在梵蒂冈、格莱美、2008年北京奥运会上都有过演出”。
为什么是霍华德？
在好莱坞的名导中，霍华德绝对算得上人物传记片领域的佼佼者。他为诺贝尔经济学奖获得者约翰·福布斯·纳什拍摄的《美丽心灵》，曾获第74届奥斯卡金像奖最佳影片，他也因此斩获那届奥斯卡的最佳导演。
霍华德因其导演的电影《阿波罗13号》、《美丽心灵》（赢得两项奥斯卡奖）、 《福斯特对话尼克松》和近期作品《游侠索罗：星球大战外传》而闻名。
霍华德和制片人搭档布莱恩·格雷泽在一份联合声明中表示：“郎朗的故事是一个关于决心、激情、牺牲和找到内在力量去战胜困难的故事。这部电影是两种文化之间的桥梁，传达了一个普遍的真理，即我们在追求卓越的过程中所面临的挑战。”
这次好莱坞为郎朗打造传记片，他本人也发了一份声明，郎朗说：“要有远大的梦想，努力工作，永远相信自己。感谢朗·霍华德的远见卓识，这部电影将激励全世界的年轻人追随自己的梦想，永远不要忘记他们是万里挑一的。”
中西合作模式引热议
不过，这种西方导演拍摄中国故事的模式引发了不少质疑。
消息发出不久，美籍华人导演王子逸就发推质疑，“郎朗是一位出生在中国、受过古典训练的钢琴家，我相信如果不深入了解中国文化就不可能讲好郎朗的故事。”
朗·霍华德要为中国钢琴家郎朗拍摄传记片的消息已经收到批评，其中包括电影《别告诉她》的导演王子逸。
这位美籍华裔导演质疑霍华德是否具备足够的文化背景，来执导一部挖掘中国艺术各个方面的电影。
美籍华裔导演、编剧、制片人王子逸以导演编剧作品《身后事》（2014）和《别告诉她》（2019）而闻名。
她进一步解释说：“我说这些不是因为我想导演这部电影。我不是。我只是觉得，这些艺术家不能抓住郎朗家乡中国东北地区的文化特质。”
同样地，在《好莱坞记者报》这篇报道的推文下面，网友的关注点都在西方人拍中国故事上：
为啥要让一个白人来讲述亚洲的故事，明明有那么多有才华的亚洲导演可以选择。
《木兰》的遭遇，还没学乖吗？
别再让脑洞大开的白人团队讲述亚洲故事了。百害而无一利。中国的能人导演多了去，为什么总找白人。这是一种文化消除和文化殖民。够了。
也有人认为，选什么人拍电影，只要郎朗本人同意就够了。
我是希望他们找一个中国导演啦，但是郎朗本人就是执行制片。如果他觉得让朗·霍华德来拍没问题，我们也不用太在意。但如果郎朗说他本想找别的导演，那我们再发火也不迟。
就是，选谁来拍、怎么拍，应该是郎朗说了算，又不是我们。
大好机会，让更多观众了解古典乐！
编辑：陈月华 左卓
来源：好莱坞记者报 网易新闻 |
当地时间9月22日，芬兰赫尔辛基万塔机场16只嗅探犬正式上岗，它们能在10秒内检查出旅客是否感染新冠病毒。专家指出，它们还能够在症状出现前几天识别出病毒，这是连实验室测试都无法做到的。
Sniffer dogs Valo (L) and E.T., being trained to detect the coronavirus from the arriving passengers' samples, are seen in Helsinki Airport in Vantaa, Finland September 22, 2020. Picture taken September 22, 2020. REUTERS/Attila Cser
Sniffer dogs are a familiar sight at airports all over the world, where border agents use them to detect illegal substances and contraband.
嗅探犬在世界各地的机场都很常见，边境人员用它们来探测非法物品和违禁品。
contraband [ˈkɒntrəbænd]：n.走私；走私货
Now some dogs are using their noses for a different purpose - coronavirus.
现在，一些狗的嗅探技能要用来做另一件事——探测新冠病毒。
Dogs specially trained to detect Covid-19 have this week started sniffing passengers as part of a trial at Finland's Helsinki-Vantaa airport.
作为芬兰赫尔辛基万塔机场试验的一部分，经过专门训练的狗本周开始嗅探乘客检测新冠病毒。
Volunteers are training a team of 15 dogs and 10 instructors for the research programme.
志愿者们正在为这项研究计划训练一支由15只狗和10名教员组成的队伍。
Sniffer dog Miina, being trained to detect the coronavirus from the arriving passengers' samples, works in Helsinki Airport in Vantaa, Finland September 15, 2020. Picture taken September 15, 2020. REUTERS/Attila Cser
The dogs can detect coronavirus in humans five days before they develop symptoms, Anna Hielm-Bjorkman, the University of Helsinki professor who is running the trial, told Reuters news agency.
实施这项试验的赫尔辛基大学教授安娜·希尔姆-比约克曼对路透社说，狗可以在人类出现症状的5天前检测出新冠病毒。
"They are very good [at detecting coronavirus]. We come close to 100% sensitivity," she said.
她说：“它们非常擅长（检测新冠病毒），敏感度接近100%。”
Passengers wipe their necks with cloths, which are then placed in a can and put in front of dogs to sniff. A canine test can deliver a result within minutes.
乘客用布擦脖子，然后把这块布放在一个罐子里，放在狗狗面前让它们闻，几分钟内就可以得出结果。
But while the trial has shown early promise, more research needs to be done to prove the efficiency of canine testing. At the moment, passengers who take part in the trial are also instructed to take a swab to confirm the result.
不过，尽管这项试验已经初现曙光，还需要做更多的研究来证明测试的有效性。目前，参与试验的乘客还被要求进行拭子检测以确认结果。
Vantaa Deputy Mayor Timo Aronkyto said it was possible that the dogs could in future "go around passengers in a similar way to customs dogs".
万塔市副市长蒂姆·阿伦克托表示，未来这些狗可能会“像海关稽查犬一样绕着乘客嗅探”。
英文来源：BBC
翻译&编辑：yaning | Sniffer dogs Valo (L) and E.T., being trained to detect the coronavirus from the arriving passengers' samples, are seen in Helsinki Airport in Vantaa, Finland September 22, 2020. Picture taken September 22, 2020. REUTERS/Attila Cser
Sniffer dogs are a familiar sight at airports all over the world, where border agents use them to detect illegal substances and contraband.
Now some dogs are using their noses for a different purpose - coronavirus.
Dogs specially trained to detect Covid-19 have this week started sniffing passengers as part of a trial at Finland's Helsinki-Vantaa airport.
Volunteers are training a team of 15 dogs and 10 instructors for the research programme.
Sniffer dog Miina, being trained to detect the coronavirus from the arriving passengers' samples, works in Helsinki Airport in Vantaa, Finland September 15, 2020. Picture taken September 15, 2020. REUTERS/Attila Cser
The dogs can detect coronavirus in humans five days before they develop symptoms, Anna Hielm-Bjorkman, the University of Helsinki professor who is running the trial, told Reuters news agency.
"They are very good [at detecting coronavirus]. We come close to 100% sensitivity," she said.
Passengers wipe their necks with cloths, which are then placed in a can and put in front of dogs to sniff. A canine test can deliver a result within minutes.
But while the trial has shown early promise, more research needs to be done to prove the efficiency of canine testing. At the moment, passengers who take part in the trial are also instructed to take a swab to confirm the result.
Vantaa Deputy Mayor Timo Aronkyto said it was possible that the dogs could in future "go around passengers in a similar way to customs dogs". | 当地时间9月22日，芬兰赫尔辛基万塔机场16只嗅探犬正式上岗，它们能在10秒内检查出旅客是否感染新冠病毒。专家指出，它们还能够在症状出现前几天识别出病毒，这是连实验室测试都无法做到的。
嗅探犬在世界各地的机场都很常见，边境人员用它们来探测非法物品和违禁品。
contraband [ˈkɒntrəbænd]：n.走私；走私货
现在，一些狗的嗅探技能要用来做另一件事——探测新冠病毒。
作为芬兰赫尔辛基万塔机场试验的一部分，经过专门训练的狗本周开始嗅探乘客检测新冠病毒。
志愿者们正在为这项研究计划训练一支由15只狗和10名教员组成的队伍。
实施这项试验的赫尔辛基大学教授安娜·希尔姆-比约克曼对路透社说，狗可以在人类出现症状的5天前检测出新冠病毒。
她说：“它们非常擅长（检测新冠病毒），敏感度接近100%。”
乘客用布擦脖子，然后把这块布放在一个罐子里，放在狗狗面前让它们闻，几分钟内就可以得出结果。
不过，尽管这项试验已经初现曙光，还需要做更多的研究来证明测试的有效性。目前，参与试验的乘客还被要求进行拭子检测以确认结果。
万塔市副市长蒂姆·阿伦克托表示，未来这些狗可能会“像海关稽查犬一样绕着乘客嗅探”。
英文来源：BBC
翻译&编辑：yaning |
以玩命特技闻名的阿汤哥这次准备把特技玩到太空去。现年58岁的汤姆·克鲁斯将和《谍影重重》导演道格·里曼一起乘坐SpaceX的龙飞船前往国际空间站拍摄电影。飞船定于明年10月发射。热爱挑战“不可能的任务”的阿汤哥将成为好莱坞史上首位上外太空拍摄电影的男星。
Tom Cruise attends a news conference promoting his upcoming film "Mission: Impossible - Fallout" at the Imperial Ancestral Temple in Beijing, China, August 29, 2018. REUTERS/Jason Lee
Tom Cruise will officially take on his biggest stunt yet in October 2021 when he travels to outer space to film a new movie.
汤姆·克鲁斯将于2021年10月正式开始他有史以来最盛大的特技表演，飞到外太空去拍一部新电影。
The
Space Shuttle Almanac
tweeted Wednesday that previous reports that Cruise would lead the first movie filmed in outer space on the International Space Station (ISS) are coming to fruition. The 58-year-old actor will be joined by “The Bourne Identity” director Doug Liman next year as part of Elon Musk’s Axiom SpaceX Crew Dragon capsule.
《航天飞机年鉴》期刊9月23日发推称，先前曾报道克鲁斯将主演首部在外太空的国际空间站拍摄的电影，如今这一传言即将成真。58岁的克鲁斯明年将和《谍影重重》导演道格·里曼一起乘坐埃隆·马斯克的SpaceX公司和Axiom公司合作的龙飞船前往太空。
Together, they’ll head to the ISS and begin production on the first major movie ever shot in space. Although the movie doesn’t yet have a title or plot, it will mark Cruise’s most ambitious stunt in a decadeslong career of death-defying on-screen moves.
他们将一起飞到国际空间站，并开始制作史上第一部在太空拍摄的大片。尽管这部电影还没有名字和情节，但它成为汤姆·克鲁斯长达数十年玩命拍动作片的生涯中最雄心勃勃的特技。
"So it's confirmed that @CommanderMLA is flying the @Axiom_Space @SpaceX #CrewDragon tourist mission with Director @DougLiman & Tom Cruise. One seat still to be filled. They are to launch in October, 2021," the Space Shuttle Almanac's tweet reads.
《航天飞机年鉴》的推文中写道：“已证实指挥官（资深飞行员）MLA将驾驶Axiom和SpaceX的龙飞船载着导演道格·里曼和汤姆·克鲁斯去太空旅行。目前飞船上还有一个空位。飞船将于2021年10月发射。”
In past "Mission: Impossible" installments, Cruise performed daring stunts such as hanging off the side of a jet plane and scaling skyscrapers. However, it was previously reported that the project he’s blasting off the planet for is not related to the “Mission: Impossible” franchise, which is currently filming its seventh installment after Cruise personally paid for cast and crew to live on cruise ships amid the coronavirus pandemic.
在前面的几部《碟中谍》中，克鲁斯表演过挂在飞机外面和攀登摩天大楼这样的大胆特技。不过，先前有报道称飞到外太空的这个项目与《碟中谍》系列无关。该系列目前正在拍摄第7部，疫情期间克鲁斯自掏腰包让剧组人员住在游艇上。
NASA administrator Jim Bridenstine previously confirmed the news that the star was angling to go into space to further his impressive acting career. Cruise has been nominated for three Academy Awards throughout his career and is set to appear in the sequel to his hit flick "Top Gun," which is scheduled to debut in 2021.
美国宇航局局长吉姆·布里登斯廷先前证实了克鲁斯计划到太空推进他引人瞩目的演艺事业的新闻。克鲁斯在其职业生涯中曾获得三次奥斯卡奖提名，并将出演他的热门影片《壮志凌云》的续集，该片定于2021年上映。
Screenshot from Twitter
"NASA is excited to work with @TomCruise on a film aboard the @Space_Station," the tweet read at the time. "We need popular media to inspire a new generation of engineers and scientists to make @NASA’s ambitious plans a reality."
这则推文称：“美国宇航局对于能在国际空间站与汤姆·克鲁斯合作拍摄电影感到很兴奋。我们需要大众媒体来激励新一代的工程师和科学家，让美国宇航局的宏伟计划得以实现。”
英文来源：福克斯新闻网
翻译&编辑：丹妮 | Tom Cruise attends a news conference promoting his upcoming film "Mission: Impossible - Fallout" at the Imperial Ancestral Temple in Beijing, China, August 29, 2018. REUTERS/Jason Lee
Tom Cruise will officially take on his biggest stunt yet in October 2021 when he travels to outer space to film a new movie.
The
Space Shuttle Almanac
tweeted Wednesday that previous reports that Cruise would lead the first movie filmed in outer space on the International Space Station (ISS) are coming to fruition. The 58-year-old actor will be joined by “The Bourne Identity” director Doug Liman next year as part of Elon Musk’s Axiom SpaceX Crew Dragon capsule.
Together, they’ll head to the ISS and begin production on the first major movie ever shot in space. Although the movie doesn’t yet have a title or plot, it will mark Cruise’s most ambitious stunt in a decadeslong career of death-defying on-screen moves.
In past "Mission: Impossible" installments, Cruise performed daring stunts such as hanging off the side of a jet plane and scaling skyscrapers. However, it was previously reported that the project he’s blasting off the planet for is not related to the “Mission: Impossible” franchise, which is currently filming its seventh installment after Cruise personally paid for cast and crew to live on cruise ships amid the coronavirus pandemic.
NASA administrator Jim Bridenstine previously confirmed the news that the star was angling to go into space to further his impressive acting career. Cruise has been nominated for three Academy Awards throughout his career and is set to appear in the sequel to his hit flick "Top Gun," which is scheduled to debut in 2021.
Screenshot from Twitter | 以玩命特技闻名的阿汤哥这次准备把特技玩到太空去。现年58岁的汤姆·克鲁斯将和《谍影重重》导演道格·里曼一起乘坐SpaceX的龙飞船前往国际空间站拍摄电影。飞船定于明年10月发射。热爱挑战“不可能的任务”的阿汤哥将成为好莱坞史上首位上外太空拍摄电影的男星。
汤姆·克鲁斯将于2021年10月正式开始他有史以来最盛大的特技表演，飞到外太空去拍一部新电影。
《航天飞机年鉴》期刊9月23日发推称，先前曾报道克鲁斯将主演首部在外太空的国际空间站拍摄的电影，如今这一传言即将成真。58岁的克鲁斯明年将和《谍影重重》导演道格·里曼一起乘坐埃隆·马斯克的SpaceX公司和Axiom公司合作的龙飞船前往太空。
他们将一起飞到国际空间站，并开始制作史上第一部在太空拍摄的大片。尽管这部电影还没有名字和情节，但它成为汤姆·克鲁斯长达数十年玩命拍动作片的生涯中最雄心勃勃的特技。
"So it's confirmed that @CommanderMLA is flying the @Axiom_Space @SpaceX #CrewDragon tourist mission with Director @DougLiman & Tom Cruise. One seat still to be filled. They are to launch in October, 2021," the Space Shuttle Almanac's tweet reads.
《航天飞机年鉴》的推文中写道：“已证实指挥官（资深飞行员）MLA将驾驶Axiom和SpaceX的龙飞船载着导演道格·里曼和汤姆·克鲁斯去太空旅行。目前飞船上还有一个空位。飞船将于2021年10月发射。”
在前面的几部《碟中谍》中，克鲁斯表演过挂在飞机外面和攀登摩天大楼这样的大胆特技。不过，先前有报道称飞到外太空的这个项目与《碟中谍》系列无关。该系列目前正在拍摄第7部，疫情期间克鲁斯自掏腰包让剧组人员住在游艇上。
美国宇航局局长吉姆·布里登斯廷先前证实了克鲁斯计划到太空推进他引人瞩目的演艺事业的新闻。克鲁斯在其职业生涯中曾获得三次奥斯卡奖提名，并将出演他的热门影片《壮志凌云》的续集，该片定于2021年上映。
"NASA is excited to work with @TomCruise on a film aboard the @Space_Station," the tweet read at the time. "We need popular media to inspire a new generation of engineers and scientists to make @NASA’s ambitious plans a reality."
这则推文称：“美国宇航局对于能在国际空间站与汤姆·克鲁斯合作拍摄电影感到很兴奋。我们需要大众媒体来激励新一代的工程师和科学家，让美国宇航局的宏伟计划得以实现。”
英文来源：福克斯新闻网
翻译&编辑：丹妮 |
外交部发言人汪文斌9月23日就美国领导人联大涉华讲话发表谈话。
图片来源：外交部官网
双语全文如下：
美方利用联合国讲台，罔顾事实，编造谎言，出于不可告人的政治目的，对中国进行无端指责抹黑，中方对此坚决反对。事实再次证明，单边主义和霸凌行径是全世界面临的最严重威胁。
The US disregarded facts and fabricated lies. And driven by shady political motives, it used the UN podium to level unfounded accusations against China. China firmly opposes these smears. Such acts have again shown that unilateralism and bullying are the biggest threat to the world.
谎言代替不了真相。中国应对疫情的表现全世界都看得很清楚，人民自有公论。新冠病毒是全人类的共同敌人，中国是病毒受害国，也是全球抗疫贡献国。中国第一时间报告疫情，第一时间确定了病原体，第一时间向世界分享了基因序列。在确定病毒出现人传人现象之后，中国在第一时间果断作出关闭离开武汉通道的决定，中方对湖北省、武汉市对外通道实施最严格的封闭和交通管控，中国海关即依法阻止全国各地拟出境人员中发现的“四类人员”出境。1月23日，中方关闭离汉通道时，中国以外的国家和地区一共只有9例确诊病例，美国只有1例。1月31日，美国停飞中美直航航班，2月2日，美国对所有中国公民关闭边境，当时美国公布的确诊病例也只有10余例。中国抗疫行动公开透明，时间经纬清清楚楚，事实数据一目了然。
Lies can in no way masquerade as truth. The world is fully aware of China's record in containing COVID-19, and the people have their fair judgment. The coronavirus is the common enemy of humankind. China is a victim of the virus and made its contribution to the global fight against the virus. China reported the epidemic, identified the pathogen and shared its genome sequence with the world all at the earliest time possible. When human-to-human transmission was confirmed, China immediately made the resolute decision to shut all exit routes from Wuhan. The most stringent closure was imposed on the exit routes from Wuhan and Hubei Province and traffic control was put in place. China's customs authorities promptly halted, in accordance with law, overseas travels by Chinese people under four categories, namely confirmed cases, suspected cases, close contacts with the former two and people with fevers. When China closed the exit channels from Wuhan on January 23, only nine confirmed cases were identified outside China, of which only one was in the US. On January 31, the US suspended direct flights with China. And when the US closed its borders to all Chinese citizens on February 2, only a dozen of confirmed cases were reported in the US. China's epidemic response has been open and transparent every step of the way. The time line is clear, and the facts and data speak for themselves.
美国反复就疫情问题对中国进行无端指责，目的是企图把本国应对疫情不力的责任“甩锅”他人，这完全是徒劳的。美方无理攻击并退出世界卫生组织，危及全球抗疫合作，不仅给世界人民带来伤害，也会让本国人民继续付出惨重代价。美国现在要做的是，停止政治操弄，摒弃将病毒标签化、政治化的做法，同国际社会一道抗击疫情，而不是推卸责任，抹黑别人。
In repeatedly smearing China on COVID-19-related issues, the US is attempting to shift the blame for its bad handling of the virus onto others. This is totally futile. The US also arbitrarily attacked and pulled out of WHO. This has put global anti-epidemic cooperation in jeopardy, which will bring harm to people in the world and incur a heavy cost for the American people. What the US needs to do now is stop the political manipulation, stop labeling or politicizing the virus, and join the rest of the international community in this common fight, rather than scapegoat or smear others.
在气候变化和环境保护问题上，事实也是清楚的。中国积极承担符合自身发展阶段和国情的国际责任，实施了一系列政策行动，成绩有目共睹。我们提前完成2020年气候行动目标，为全球应对气候变化作出重大贡献。中国非化石能源占能源消费总量比重已经上升到近15%，可再生能源装机已占全球的30%，在全球增量中占比44%，新能源汽车保有量已占全球一半以上。2000年以来，全球新增绿化面积的四分之一来自中国。中国将更新并提高国家自主贡献力度，采取更加有力的政策和措施，二氧化碳排放力争于2030年前达到峰值，努力争取2060年前实现碳中和。这进一步体现了中国愿与各国携手共建充满生机、清洁美丽的世界的美好愿景和构建人类命运共同体的责任担当。
On climate change and environmental protection, the facts are also clear. China has actively fulfilled the international responsibilities consistent with its stage of development and national conditions, and carried out a host of policies and actions. The outcomes achieved are widely recognized. We attained our 2020 climate action targets ahead of schedule, a major contribution to the global response to climate change. Non-fossil fuel now takes up nearly 15 percent in China's total energy consumption. China has 30 percent of the world's installed capacity of renewable energy, accounting for 44 percent of the world increase. Its new energy vehicle stock is more than half the world's total. China has contributed 25 percent to the increased afforestation areas worldwide since 2000. China will update and enhance its nationally determined contribution targets, and introduce stronger policies and measures. We will strive for the peaking of CO2 emissions before 2030 and carbon neutrality before 2060. Such objectives are consistent with China's vision of a vibrant, clean and beautiful world through joint efforts and its commitment to fostering a community with a shared future for humankind.
中国积极参与全球气候治理，是《联合国气候变化框架公约》的首批缔约国，并为达成《京都议定书》《巴黎协定》及其实施细则作出重要贡献。在中方与各方共同努力下，2019年联合国气候变化马德里会议上达成了坚持多边主义、反映各方气候治理共识的一系列决定，为后续谈判奠定了基础。
China takes an active part in global climate governance. China is one of the first signatories of the UNFCCC and has contributed significantly to the conclusion of the Kyoto Protocol, the Paris Agreement and related implementation guidelines. Thanks to the concerted efforts by China and other parties, the 2019 UN Climate Change Conference in Madrid produced a string of decisions that reaffirmed the commitment to multilateralism and the consensus among all parties on climate governance, laying the groundwork for follow-up negotiations.
反观美国，作为全球累计排放温室气体最多的国家，美国既不批准《京都议定书》，又退出《巴黎协定》，否认自身约束性量化减排任务，拒绝为保护地球家园采取最低限度行动，彻底游离于全球碳排放体系和安排之外，严重阻碍了全球减排、促进绿色低碳发展等相关进程。美国是世界上最大的固体废弃物出口国和人均塑料消费大国，但拒绝批准《巴塞尔公约》，为全球塑料垃圾等治理进程设置障碍，将大量废弃垃圾转移至发展中国家，给当地和全球环境带来了极大危害。这样一个国家有什么资格指责中国？
In contrast, the United States, as the world's largest emitter of greenhouse gases in cumulative terms, not only failed to ratify the Kyoto Protocol, but also pulled out of the Paris Agreement. It has rejected binding quantified emissions reduction targets for itself and refused to take even the minimum steps to protect the planet. By doing so, the US has completely disassociated itself from the global carbon emissions system and arrangements, and seriously held back such global processes as emissions reduction and green and low-carbon development. The United States is the world's largest exporter of solid waste and a major consumer of plastics per capita. However, it has refused to ratify the Basel Convention and has set obstacles for the global governance process on plastic waste. It has even shipped a huge amount of waste to developing countries, doing enormous harm to the local and global environment. How is such a country in any position to blame China?
我们奉劝美方，停止玩弄政治游戏，摒弃单边主义，为世界尽到应有的责任。
We urge the US to stop playing political games, abandon unilateralism, and live up to its due responsibility to the world. | The US disregarded facts and fabricated lies. And driven by shady political motives, it used the UN podium to level unfounded accusations against China. China firmly opposes these smears. Such acts have again shown that unilateralism and bullying are the biggest threat to the world.
Lies can in no way masquerade as truth. The world is fully aware of China's record in containing COVID-19, and the people have their fair judgment. The coronavirus is the common enemy of humankind. China is a victim of the virus and made its contribution to the global fight against the virus. China reported the epidemic, identified the pathogen and shared its genome sequence with the world all at the earliest time possible. When human-to-human transmission was confirmed, China immediately made the resolute decision to shut all exit routes from Wuhan. The most stringent closure was imposed on the exit routes from Wuhan and Hubei Province and traffic control was put in place. China's customs authorities promptly halted, in accordance with law, overseas travels by Chinese people under four categories, namely confirmed cases, suspected cases, close contacts with the former two and people with fevers. When China closed the exit channels from Wuhan on January 23, only nine confirmed cases were identified outside China, of which only one was in the US. On January 31, the US suspended direct flights with China. And when the US closed its borders to all Chinese citizens on February 2, only a dozen of confirmed cases were reported in the US. China's epidemic response has been open and transparent every step of the way. The time line is clear, and the facts and data speak for themselves.
In repeatedly smearing China on COVID-19-related issues, the US is attempting to shift the blame for its bad handling of the virus onto others. This is totally futile. The US also arbitrarily attacked and pulled out of WHO. This has put global anti-epidemic cooperation in jeopardy, which will bring harm to people in the world and incur a heavy cost for the American people. What the US needs to do now is stop the political manipulation, stop labeling or politicizing the virus, and join the rest of the international community in this common fight, rather than scapegoat or smear others.
On climate change and environmental protection, the facts are also clear. China has actively fulfilled the international responsibilities consistent with its stage of development and national conditions, and carried out a host of policies and actions. The outcomes achieved are widely recognized. We attained our 2020 climate action targets ahead of schedule, a major contribution to the global response to climate change. Non-fossil fuel now takes up nearly 15 percent in China's total energy consumption. China has 30 percent of the world's installed capacity of renewable energy, accounting for 44 percent of the world increase. Its new energy vehicle stock is more than half the world's total. China has contributed 25 percent to the increased afforestation areas worldwide since 2000. China will update and enhance its nationally determined contribution targets, and introduce stronger policies and measures. We will strive for the peaking of CO2 emissions before 2030 and carbon neutrality before 2060. Such objectives are consistent with China's vision of a vibrant, clean and beautiful world through joint efforts and its commitment to fostering a community with a shared future for humankind.
China takes an active part in global climate governance. China is one of the first signatories of the UNFCCC and has contributed significantly to the conclusion of the Kyoto Protocol, the Paris Agreement and related implementation guidelines. Thanks to the concerted efforts by China and other parties, the 2019 UN Climate Change Conference in Madrid produced a string of decisions that reaffirmed the commitment to multilateralism and the consensus among all parties on climate governance, laying the groundwork for follow-up negotiations.
In contrast, the United States, as the world's largest emitter of greenhouse gases in cumulative terms, not only failed to ratify the Kyoto Protocol, but also pulled out of the Paris Agreement. It has rejected binding quantified emissions reduction targets for itself and refused to take even the minimum steps to protect the planet. By doing so, the US has completely disassociated itself from the global carbon emissions system and arrangements, and seriously held back such global processes as emissions reduction and green and low-carbon development. The United States is the world's largest exporter of solid waste and a major consumer of plastics per capita. However, it has refused to ratify the Basel Convention and has set obstacles for the global governance process on plastic waste. It has even shipped a huge amount of waste to developing countries, doing enormous harm to the local and global environment. How is such a country in any position to blame China?
We urge the US to stop playing political games, abandon unilateralism, and live up to its due responsibility to the world. | 外交部发言人汪文斌9月23日就美国领导人联大涉华讲话发表谈话。
图片来源：外交部官网
双语全文如下：
美方利用联合国讲台，罔顾事实，编造谎言，出于不可告人的政治目的，对中国进行无端指责抹黑，中方对此坚决反对。事实再次证明，单边主义和霸凌行径是全世界面临的最严重威胁。
谎言代替不了真相。中国应对疫情的表现全世界都看得很清楚，人民自有公论。新冠病毒是全人类的共同敌人，中国是病毒受害国，也是全球抗疫贡献国。中国第一时间报告疫情，第一时间确定了病原体，第一时间向世界分享了基因序列。在确定病毒出现人传人现象之后，中国在第一时间果断作出关闭离开武汉通道的决定，中方对湖北省、武汉市对外通道实施最严格的封闭和交通管控，中国海关即依法阻止全国各地拟出境人员中发现的“四类人员”出境。1月23日，中方关闭离汉通道时，中国以外的国家和地区一共只有9例确诊病例，美国只有1例。1月31日，美国停飞中美直航航班，2月2日，美国对所有中国公民关闭边境，当时美国公布的确诊病例也只有10余例。中国抗疫行动公开透明，时间经纬清清楚楚，事实数据一目了然。
美国反复就疫情问题对中国进行无端指责，目的是企图把本国应对疫情不力的责任“甩锅”他人，这完全是徒劳的。美方无理攻击并退出世界卫生组织，危及全球抗疫合作，不仅给世界人民带来伤害，也会让本国人民继续付出惨重代价。美国现在要做的是，停止政治操弄，摒弃将病毒标签化、政治化的做法，同国际社会一道抗击疫情，而不是推卸责任，抹黑别人。
在气候变化和环境保护问题上，事实也是清楚的。中国积极承担符合自身发展阶段和国情的国际责任，实施了一系列政策行动，成绩有目共睹。我们提前完成2020年气候行动目标，为全球应对气候变化作出重大贡献。中国非化石能源占能源消费总量比重已经上升到近15%，可再生能源装机已占全球的30%，在全球增量中占比44%，新能源汽车保有量已占全球一半以上。2000年以来，全球新增绿化面积的四分之一来自中国。中国将更新并提高国家自主贡献力度，采取更加有力的政策和措施，二氧化碳排放力争于2030年前达到峰值，努力争取2060年前实现碳中和。这进一步体现了中国愿与各国携手共建充满生机、清洁美丽的世界的美好愿景和构建人类命运共同体的责任担当。
中国积极参与全球气候治理，是《联合国气候变化框架公约》的首批缔约国，并为达成《京都议定书》《巴黎协定》及其实施细则作出重要贡献。在中方与各方共同努力下，2019年联合国气候变化马德里会议上达成了坚持多边主义、反映各方气候治理共识的一系列决定，为后续谈判奠定了基础。
反观美国，作为全球累计排放温室气体最多的国家，美国既不批准《京都议定书》，又退出《巴黎协定》，否认自身约束性量化减排任务，拒绝为保护地球家园采取最低限度行动，彻底游离于全球碳排放体系和安排之外，严重阻碍了全球减排、促进绿色低碳发展等相关进程。美国是世界上最大的固体废弃物出口国和人均塑料消费大国，但拒绝批准《巴塞尔公约》，为全球塑料垃圾等治理进程设置障碍，将大量废弃垃圾转移至发展中国家，给当地和全球环境带来了极大危害。这样一个国家有什么资格指责中国？
我们奉劝美方，停止玩弄政治游戏，摒弃单边主义，为世界尽到应有的责任。 |
澳大利亚塔斯玛尼亚州西海岸发生大规模鲸鱼搁浅事件，现约有380头已经死亡，其他50头仍有生命体征，已被救援人员释放。考虑到天气和潮汐情况，救援工作可能需要持续数天。
A pod of whales, believed to be pilot whales, is seen stranded on a sandbar at Macquarie Harbour, near Strahan, Tasmania, Australia, September 21, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
About 380 whales have died in what is suspected to be Australia's largest stranding on record, officials say.
澳大利亚官员表示，该国发生有记录以来规模最大的鲸鱼搁浅事件，大约有380头鲸鱼已经死亡。
Since Monday, hundreds of long-finned pilot whales have been found beached on Tasmania's west coast.
自周一（9月21日）以来，人们在塔斯马尼亚州西海岸发现了数百头搁浅的长肢领航鲸。
Rescuers had managed to save 50 by late on Wednesday, and they were trying to help the remaining estimated 30 whales.
截至周三晚些时候，救援人员已经成功解救了50头鲸鱼，目前他们正试图帮助剩下的大约30头鲸鱼。
Tasmanian government officials said the rescue effort would continue "as long as there are live animals".
塔斯马尼亚州政府官员表示，“只要还有活着的鲸鱼”，救援工作就会继续进行。
"While they're still alive and in water, there's still hope for them - but as time goes on they do become more fatigued," said Nic Deka, regional manager for Tasmania's Parks and Wildlife Service.
塔斯马尼亚州公园和野生动物服务部门的区域经理尼克·德卡说：“只要它们还在水中活着，就还有希望，但随着时间的推移，它们会越来越疲惫。”
Rescue efforts to save whales stranded on a sandbar take place at Macquarie Harbour, near Strahan, Tasmania, Australia, September 22, 2020. Picture taken September 22, 2020. Brodie Weeding/Pool via REUTERS
He added the focus would now also shift to removing the hundreds of carcasses scattered along the coast. A clean-up plan is still being worked out - in the past carcasses have been buried on the shore or dragged out to open sea.
他补充说，现在的工作重点也将转移到将散落在海岸的数百具鲸鱼尸体挪走。清理计划仍在制定中，过去鲸鱼尸体会被埋在岸边或拖到大海中。
It is not fully understood why the whales became stranded. The species is known to be prone to getting beached.
目前还不完全清楚鲸鱼搁浅的原因。众所周知，鲸鱼容易搁浅。
The stranding, one of the largest ever recorded globally, eclipses a previous national record of 320 set in Western Australia in 1996.
此次搁浅是全球有记录以来最大的一次，打破了1996年西澳州320头鲸鱼搁浅的全澳纪录。
Rescue efforts to save whales stranded on a sandbar take place at Macquarie Harbour, near Strahan, Tasmania, Australia, September 22, 2020. Picture taken September 22, 2020. Brodie Weeding/Pool via REUTERS
鲸鱼是在哪里被发现的？
The whales largely washed up on sand spits in the waters around an area called Macquarie Heads.
这些鲸鱼大多被冲到麦格里海德地区附近水域的沙滩上。
The first rescuers on Monday counted about 270 whales, but a helicopter on Tuesday spotted another 200 whales nearby.
周一，首批救援人员发现了大约270头鲸鱼，但周二一架直升机在附近又发现了200头。
More than 80% of Australian whale strandings take place in Tasmania and experts say Macquarie Heads is a known hotspot.
澳大利亚超过80%的鲸鱼搁浅事件发生在塔斯马尼亚州，专家称搁浅事件多发生在麦格里海德。
Tasmania's previous biggest stranding was in 1935 with 294 pilot whales. Its last mass stranding was in 2009 and involved about 200 pilot whales.
塔斯马尼亚州之前发生的最大的一次鲸鱼搁浅事件是在1935年，当时有294头领航鲸搁浅。最近一次大规模搁浅事件是在2009年，当时有大约200头领航鲸搁浅。
Rescue efforts to save whales stranded on a sandbar take place at Macquarie Harbour, near Strahan, Tasmania, Australia, September 22, 2020. Picture taken September 22, 2020. Brodie Weeding/Pool via REUTERS
鲸鱼是如何获救的？
A team of about 60 people have used slings and other equipment to help pull the surviving whales off the sand banks so they are fully immersed in water.
一个由大约60人组成的救援小组用吊索和其他设备将幸存的鲸鱼从沙洲拖出，使它们完全浸没在水中。
Once the whales are "re-floated", they are guided back into deeper waters.
一旦鲸鱼得以“重新漂浮”，它们就会被引导回到更深的水域。
Rescuers said they had escorted 50 whales back into the sea, which they deemed a "success".
救援人员表示，他们已成功护送50头鲸鱼返回大海。
Rescue efforts had been hampered by a strong tide which had brought some freed whales back to shore, they added.
他们补充说，救援工作受到了巨浪的阻碍，巨浪把一些获救的鲸鱼重新冲回到岸边。
Rescue efforts to save whales stranded on a sandbar take place at Macquarie Harbour, near Strahan, Tasmania, Australia, September 22, 2020. Picture taken September 22, 2020. Brodie Weeding/Pool via REUTERS
"Geographically it's quite a challenging area. It's sort of inside an actual harbour so we've got several boats and hundreds of people on the ground preparing the whales in slings," Tom Mountney, a fisherman helping with the rescue operation, told BBC World Service radio.
帮助救援行动的渔民汤姆·芒特尼告诉英国广播公司环球频道：“从地理上讲，这是一个相当具有挑战性的地区。内侧是一个真正的港口，所以我们有几艘船和数百人在地面上用吊索吊起鲸鱼。”
"They are remarkably calm. Some of them obviously, being a several ton animal, are quite strong so there's inherent danger in dealing with them. But it's as if there's a bit of a sense of them knowing what we're trying to do."
“它们非常冷静。很明显，它们中的一些重达几吨，非常强壮，所以救援工作有内在危险。但好像它们知道我们在做什么。”
Whale experts said the surviving animals would be exhausted and weak. Pilot whales can grow up to 7m long and weigh up to three tonnes.
鲸鱼专家表示，幸存的鲸鱼将会精疲力竭、虚弱无力。领航鲸可以长到7米长，重达3吨。
Without the buoyancy of the water, the whales would also be slowly crushed by the weight of their bodies, said Prof Peter Harrison from Southern Cross University's Whale Research Group.
南十字星大学鲸鱼研究小组的彼得·哈里森教授说，如果没有水的浮力，鲸鱼也会慢慢被身体的重量压垮。
buoyancy [ˈbɔɪənsi]：n.浮力
Rescue efforts to save whales stranded on a sandbar take place at Macquarie Harbour, near Strahan, Tasmania, Australia, September 22, 2020. Picture taken September 22, 2020. Brodie Weeding/Pool via REUTERS
为什么鲸鱼会搁浅？
Scientists say the reason is often unknown but they have a range of theories, including whales being lured by fish to shore and becoming disorientated.
科学家们表示，搁浅原因不明，但有多种理论，包括鲸鱼被鱼引诱上岸并迷失了方向。
Highly social mammals, pilot whales in particular are known for stranding in groups because they travel in large, close-knit communities which rely on constant communication.
领航鲸是一种高度群居的哺乳动物，它们以成群搁浅而闻名，因为它们生活在庞大而紧密的群体中，依赖于不断的交流。
Researchers say it's possible that one leading individual could have mistakenly led the whole group to shore.
研究人员表示，有可能是某头领航的鲸鱼错误地将整个鲸鱼群带到岸边。
Pilot whales are not considered endangered, although exact population numbers are not known. Scientists believe there are about one million long-finned and 200,000 short-finned pilot whales worldwide.
尽管领航鲸的确切数量还不清楚，但它们并非濒危物种。科学家们认为，全世界大约有100万只长肢领航鲸和20万只短肢领航鲸。
英文来源：BBC
翻译&编辑：yaning | A pod of whales, believed to be pilot whales, is seen stranded on a sandbar at Macquarie Harbour, near Strahan, Tasmania, Australia, September 21, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
About 380 whales have died in what is suspected to be Australia's largest stranding on record, officials say.
Since Monday, hundreds of long-finned pilot whales have been found beached on Tasmania's west coast.
Rescuers had managed to save 50 by late on Wednesday, and they were trying to help the remaining estimated 30 whales.
Tasmanian government officials said the rescue effort would continue "as long as there are live animals".
"While they're still alive and in water, there's still hope for them - but as time goes on they do become more fatigued," said Nic Deka, regional manager for Tasmania's Parks and Wildlife Service.
Rescue efforts to save whales stranded on a sandbar take place at Macquarie Harbour, near Strahan, Tasmania, Australia, September 22, 2020. Picture taken September 22, 2020. Brodie Weeding/Pool via REUTERS
He added the focus would now also shift to removing the hundreds of carcasses scattered along the coast. A clean-up plan is still being worked out - in the past carcasses have been buried on the shore or dragged out to open sea.
It is not fully understood why the whales became stranded. The species is known to be prone to getting beached.
The stranding, one of the largest ever recorded globally, eclipses a previous national record of 320 set in Western Australia in 1996.
Rescue efforts to save whales stranded on a sandbar take place at Macquarie Harbour, near Strahan, Tasmania, Australia, September 22, 2020. Picture taken September 22, 2020. Brodie Weeding/Pool via REUTERS
The whales largely washed up on sand spits in the waters around an area called Macquarie Heads.
The first rescuers on Monday counted about 270 whales, but a helicopter on Tuesday spotted another 200 whales nearby.
More than 80% of Australian whale strandings take place in Tasmania and experts say Macquarie Heads is a known hotspot.
Tasmania's previous biggest stranding was in 1935 with 294 pilot whales. Its last mass stranding was in 2009 and involved about 200 pilot whales.
Rescue efforts to save whales stranded on a sandbar take place at Macquarie Harbour, near Strahan, Tasmania, Australia, September 22, 2020. Picture taken September 22, 2020. Brodie Weeding/Pool via REUTERS
A team of about 60 people have used slings and other equipment to help pull the surviving whales off the sand banks so they are fully immersed in water.
Once the whales are "re-floated", they are guided back into deeper waters.
Rescuers said they had escorted 50 whales back into the sea, which they deemed a "success".
Rescue efforts had been hampered by a strong tide which had brought some freed whales back to shore, they added.
Rescue efforts to save whales stranded on a sandbar take place at Macquarie Harbour, near Strahan, Tasmania, Australia, September 22, 2020. Picture taken September 22, 2020. Brodie Weeding/Pool via REUTERS
"Geographically it's quite a challenging area. It's sort of inside an actual harbour so we've got several boats and hundreds of people on the ground preparing the whales in slings," Tom Mountney, a fisherman helping with the rescue operation, told BBC World Service radio.
"They are remarkably calm. Some of them obviously, being a several ton animal, are quite strong so there's inherent danger in dealing with them. But it's as if there's a bit of a sense of them knowing what we're trying to do."
Whale experts said the surviving animals would be exhausted and weak. Pilot whales can grow up to 7m long and weigh up to three tonnes.
Without the buoyancy of the water, the whales would also be slowly crushed by the weight of their bodies, said Prof Peter Harrison from Southern Cross University's Whale Research Group.
Rescue efforts to save whales stranded on a sandbar take place at Macquarie Harbour, near Strahan, Tasmania, Australia, September 22, 2020. Picture taken September 22, 2020. Brodie Weeding/Pool via REUTERS
Scientists say the reason is often unknown but they have a range of theories, including whales being lured by fish to shore and becoming disorientated.
Highly social mammals, pilot whales in particular are known for stranding in groups because they travel in large, close-knit communities which rely on constant communication.
Researchers say it's possible that one leading individual could have mistakenly led the whole group to shore.
Pilot whales are not considered endangered, although exact population numbers are not known. Scientists believe there are about one million long-finned and 200,000 short-finned pilot whales worldwide. | 澳大利亚塔斯玛尼亚州西海岸发生大规模鲸鱼搁浅事件，现约有380头已经死亡，其他50头仍有生命体征，已被救援人员释放。考虑到天气和潮汐情况，救援工作可能需要持续数天。
澳大利亚官员表示，该国发生有记录以来规模最大的鲸鱼搁浅事件，大约有380头鲸鱼已经死亡。
自周一（9月21日）以来，人们在塔斯马尼亚州西海岸发现了数百头搁浅的长肢领航鲸。
截至周三晚些时候，救援人员已经成功解救了50头鲸鱼，目前他们正试图帮助剩下的大约30头鲸鱼。
塔斯马尼亚州政府官员表示，“只要还有活着的鲸鱼”，救援工作就会继续进行。
塔斯马尼亚州公园和野生动物服务部门的区域经理尼克·德卡说：“只要它们还在水中活着，就还有希望，但随着时间的推移，它们会越来越疲惫。”
他补充说，现在的工作重点也将转移到将散落在海岸的数百具鲸鱼尸体挪走。清理计划仍在制定中，过去鲸鱼尸体会被埋在岸边或拖到大海中。
目前还不完全清楚鲸鱼搁浅的原因。众所周知，鲸鱼容易搁浅。
此次搁浅是全球有记录以来最大的一次，打破了1996年西澳州320头鲸鱼搁浅的全澳纪录。
鲸鱼是在哪里被发现的？
这些鲸鱼大多被冲到麦格里海德地区附近水域的沙滩上。
周一，首批救援人员发现了大约270头鲸鱼，但周二一架直升机在附近又发现了200头。
澳大利亚超过80%的鲸鱼搁浅事件发生在塔斯马尼亚州，专家称搁浅事件多发生在麦格里海德。
塔斯马尼亚州之前发生的最大的一次鲸鱼搁浅事件是在1935年，当时有294头领航鲸搁浅。最近一次大规模搁浅事件是在2009年，当时有大约200头领航鲸搁浅。
鲸鱼是如何获救的？
一个由大约60人组成的救援小组用吊索和其他设备将幸存的鲸鱼从沙洲拖出，使它们完全浸没在水中。
一旦鲸鱼得以“重新漂浮”，它们就会被引导回到更深的水域。
救援人员表示，他们已成功护送50头鲸鱼返回大海。
他们补充说，救援工作受到了巨浪的阻碍，巨浪把一些获救的鲸鱼重新冲回到岸边。
帮助救援行动的渔民汤姆·芒特尼告诉英国广播公司环球频道：“从地理上讲，这是一个相当具有挑战性的地区。内侧是一个真正的港口，所以我们有几艘船和数百人在地面上用吊索吊起鲸鱼。”
“它们非常冷静。很明显，它们中的一些重达几吨，非常强壮，所以救援工作有内在危险。但好像它们知道我们在做什么。”
鲸鱼专家表示，幸存的鲸鱼将会精疲力竭、虚弱无力。领航鲸可以长到7米长，重达3吨。
南十字星大学鲸鱼研究小组的彼得·哈里森教授说，如果没有水的浮力，鲸鱼也会慢慢被身体的重量压垮。
buoyancy [ˈbɔɪənsi]：n.浮力
为什么鲸鱼会搁浅？
科学家们表示，搁浅原因不明，但有多种理论，包括鲸鱼被鱼引诱上岸并迷失了方向。
领航鲸是一种高度群居的哺乳动物，它们以成群搁浅而闻名，因为它们生活在庞大而紧密的群体中，依赖于不断的交流。
研究人员表示，有可能是某头领航的鲸鱼错误地将整个鲸鱼群带到岸边。
尽管领航鲸的确切数量还不清楚，但它们并非濒危物种。科学家们认为，全世界大约有100万只长肢领航鲸和20万只短肢领航鲸。
英文来源：BBC
翻译&编辑：yaning |
万圣节就要到了，而美国新冠疫情指标又有抬头倾向，最近一周单日新增确诊病例和死亡病例均呈上升趋势。为防止新冠病毒在万圣节活动中传播，美国疾控中心发布了万圣节活动指南，按照安全风险将节日活动分为三个等级，并建议人们采取安全的庆祝方式。
Łukasz Nieścioruk@luki90pl/unsplash
In a year that's been plenty scary, this much is clear: Pandemic Halloween will be different than regular Halloween. Many traditional ways of celebrating are now considerably more frightful than usual, because now they bring the risk of spreading the coronavirus.
在这相当恐怖的一年里，有一点十分清楚：疫情期间的万圣节将与以往不同。由于担心会传播新冠病毒，许多传统的庆祝方式比往常更加可怕。
Accordingly, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has issued new guidelines on how to celebrate Halloween safely. No big surprise: Classic door-to-door trick-or-treating and crowded, boozy costume parties are not recommended.
因此，美国疾病控制与预防中心发布了关于如何安全庆祝万圣节的新指南，意料之中的是：传统的挨家挨户的“不给糖就捣蛋”和拥挤的、醉醺醺的服装派对活动都不在推荐之列。
boozy [ˈbuːzi]：adj.嗜酒的；酩酊的
The CDC's guidelines group Halloween activities into lower-risk, moderate-risk and higher-risk buckets.
美国疾病控制与预防中心的指导方针将万圣节活动分为低风险、中风险和高风险三类。
The higher-risk category includes both door-to-door trick-or-treating and events where kids get treats from the trunks of cars in a big parking lot.
高风险的类别包括挨家挨户的“不给糖就捣蛋”，以及孩子们从大停车场的汽车后备箱里得到糖果的活动。
Also no-nos: indoor haunted houses where people will be crowded and screaming, which could send infectious particles flying. Going on hayrides with people who aren't in your household or fall festivals in rural areas also carry a risk of spreading the virus that causes COVID-19. And using alcohol and drugs "can cloud [judgment] and increase risky behaviors," the CDC warns — though that's equally true in any season.
高风险活动还有：人们挤在一起尖叫的室内鬼屋，这可能会让传染性飞沫喷溅；和非家庭成员一起坐干草车，或去参加农村地区的秋季节日，这些也有传播新冠病毒的风险；美国疾病控制与预防中心警告说，饮酒和嗑药“会影响判断并增加危险行为”，不过在任何季节都是如此。
hayride [ˈheɪraɪd]：n.（美）乘坐装有干草的大车出游
cloud [klaʊd]：vt.使混乱
Drew Hays@drew_hays/unsplash
那么，如何过一个充满刺激的万圣节呢？
The agency says this way of trick-or-treating poses a moderate risk (compared with the higher risk of the traditional style): Kids could pick up individually wrapped gift bags at the end of a driveway or yard while still preserving social distance.
美国疾病控制与预防中心表示，以下这些“不给糖就捣蛋”的玩法属于中等风险（与传统玩法的高风险相比）：孩子们可以在保持社交距离的情况下，在车道或院子尽头拿到单独包装的礼物袋。
You could also organize a small outdoor costume parade where everyone is 6 feet apart. An outdoor costume party would also be considered moderate risk, if people wear masks and stay 6 feet away from each other.
你也可以组织一个小型的户外换装游行，人们之间保持6英尺（约合1.8米）的社交距离。如果人们戴上口罩并间隔6英尺，户外换装派对也属于中风险。
Haunted houses are out, and haunted forests are in. The CDC says an open-air scare-fest is moderately risky, so long as the route is one-way, people wear masks appropriately and stay 6 feet apart. But there's a caveat: "If screaming will likely occur, greater distancing is advised."
虽然不推荐去鬼屋，但搞个闹鬼的森林是可以的。美国疾病控制与预防中心表示，只要人们正确佩戴口罩，设定单行路线，并保持6英尺的距离，那么露天的惊吓聚会也属于中风险。但该机构警告称：“如果人们可能会尖叫，建议增加间隔距离。”
caveat [ˈkæviæt]：n.警告
What about apple picking and pumpkin patches? Risks can be reduced if people use hand sanitizer before touching pumpkins or apples, wear masks and maintain social distance.
那摘苹果和挖南瓜呢？如果人们在摸南瓜或苹果前使用洗手液，戴口罩并保持社交距离，风险就会降低。
Also on the moderate-risk list: an outdoor scary movie night with local friends who are socially distanced. Again: The more screaming there is, the more space is needed for safe social distancing.
同样在中等风险列表上的还有：与当地朋友晚上在户外看恐怖电影并保持社交距离。同样，尖叫越多，就需要越远的安全社交距离。
If you want to be really safe? Then you need to plan for either virtual activities or ones that you do largely with your own household.
如果你想要真正安全？那么你需要安排线上活动或者主要与家人一起举行家庭活动。
The CDC's lower-risk activities include carving pumpkins with your household, or outdoors with friends while socially distanced. It also suggests a Halloween scavenger hunt: looking for witches, spiderwebs and black cats outside houses while walking around — or a scavenger hunt for treats in your own home.
美国疾病控制与预防中心公布的低风险活动包括：与家人一起雕刻南瓜，或与朋友在户外活动并保持社交距离。该机构还建议在万圣节进行一次寻物游戏：在室外四处走动，寻找女巫、蜘蛛网和黑猫，或者在自己家里找糖果。
And what about masks? A costume mask is no substitute for a cloth mask, according to the agency, but don't double up with one over the other because that can make it hard to breathe. Instead, consider a Halloween-themed cloth mask, the CDC suggests.
那口罩呢？根据该机构的说法，服装面具不能代替布口罩，但不要同时佩戴面具和口罩，因为那样会使呼吸困难。该机构建议说，人们可以考虑万圣节主题的布口罩。
A costume mask can protect against spreading the coronavirus if it's like a regular cloth mask: two or more layers of breathable fabric covering the nose and mouth, without gaps around the face.
如果服装面具与普通布口罩一样能够用两层或以上的透气织物覆盖口鼻，而且脸部周围没有空隙，也可以用来防止新冠病毒的传播。
And remember this, friendly neighbors: If you think you might have COVID-19 or have been exposed to someone who does, don't attend in-person Halloween activities — and certainly don't hand out candy to trick-or-treaters.
亲爱的邻居们，请记住这一点：如果你认为自己可能感染了新冠肺炎，或者接触过新冠感染者，不要参加线下万圣节活动，当然也不要给他人分发糖果。
【美国疫情最新数据】
美国约翰斯·霍普金斯大学发布的疫情统计数据显示，截至美国东部时间22日11时23分（北京时间23时23分），美国累计新冠确诊病例超过686万例，累计死亡病例突破20万例。
英文来源：NPR
翻译&编辑：yaning | In a year that's been plenty scary, this much is clear: Pandemic Halloween will be different than regular Halloween. Many traditional ways of celebrating are now considerably more frightful than usual, because now they bring the risk of spreading the coronavirus.
Accordingly, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has issued new guidelines on how to celebrate Halloween safely. No big surprise: Classic door-to-door trick-or-treating and crowded, boozy costume parties are not recommended.
The CDC's guidelines group Halloween activities into lower-risk, moderate-risk and higher-risk buckets.
The higher-risk category includes both door-to-door trick-or-treating and events where kids get treats from the trunks of cars in a big parking lot.
Also no-nos: indoor haunted houses where people will be crowded and screaming, which could send infectious particles flying. Going on hayrides with people who aren't in your household or fall festivals in rural areas also carry a risk of spreading the virus that causes COVID-19. And using alcohol and drugs "can cloud [judgment] and increase risky behaviors," the CDC warns — though that's equally true in any season.
The agency says this way of trick-or-treating poses a moderate risk (compared with the higher risk of the traditional style): Kids could pick up individually wrapped gift bags at the end of a driveway or yard while still preserving social distance.
You could also organize a small outdoor costume parade where everyone is 6 feet apart. An outdoor costume party would also be considered moderate risk, if people wear masks and stay 6 feet away from each other.
Haunted houses are out, and haunted forests are in. The CDC says an open-air scare-fest is moderately risky, so long as the route is one-way, people wear masks appropriately and stay 6 feet apart. But there's a caveat: "If screaming will likely occur, greater distancing is advised."
What about apple picking and pumpkin patches? Risks can be reduced if people use hand sanitizer before touching pumpkins or apples, wear masks and maintain social distance.
Also on the moderate-risk list: an outdoor scary movie night with local friends who are socially distanced. Again: The more screaming there is, the more space is needed for safe social distancing.
If you want to be really safe? Then you need to plan for either virtual activities or ones that you do largely with your own household.
The CDC's lower-risk activities include carving pumpkins with your household, or outdoors with friends while socially distanced. It also suggests a Halloween scavenger hunt: looking for witches, spiderwebs and black cats outside houses while walking around — or a scavenger hunt for treats in your own home.
And what about masks? A costume mask is no substitute for a cloth mask, according to the agency, but don't double up with one over the other because that can make it hard to breathe. Instead, consider a Halloween-themed cloth mask, the CDC suggests.
A costume mask can protect against spreading the coronavirus if it's like a regular cloth mask: two or more layers of breathable fabric covering the nose and mouth, without gaps around the face.
And remember this, friendly neighbors: If you think you might have COVID-19 or have been exposed to someone who does, don't attend in-person Halloween activities — and certainly don't hand out candy to trick-or-treaters. | 万圣节就要到了，而美国新冠疫情指标又有抬头倾向，最近一周单日新增确诊病例和死亡病例均呈上升趋势。为防止新冠病毒在万圣节活动中传播，美国疾控中心发布了万圣节活动指南，按照安全风险将节日活动分为三个等级，并建议人们采取安全的庆祝方式。
Łukasz Nieścioruk@luki90pl/unsplash
在这相当恐怖的一年里，有一点十分清楚：疫情期间的万圣节将与以往不同。由于担心会传播新冠病毒，许多传统的庆祝方式比往常更加可怕。
因此，美国疾病控制与预防中心发布了关于如何安全庆祝万圣节的新指南，意料之中的是：传统的挨家挨户的“不给糖就捣蛋”和拥挤的、醉醺醺的服装派对活动都不在推荐之列。
boozy [ˈbuːzi]：adj.嗜酒的；酩酊的
美国疾病控制与预防中心的指导方针将万圣节活动分为低风险、中风险和高风险三类。
高风险的类别包括挨家挨户的“不给糖就捣蛋”，以及孩子们从大停车场的汽车后备箱里得到糖果的活动。
高风险活动还有：人们挤在一起尖叫的室内鬼屋，这可能会让传染性飞沫喷溅；和非家庭成员一起坐干草车，或去参加农村地区的秋季节日，这些也有传播新冠病毒的风险；美国疾病控制与预防中心警告说，饮酒和嗑药“会影响判断并增加危险行为”，不过在任何季节都是如此。
hayride [ˈheɪraɪd]：n.（美）乘坐装有干草的大车出游
cloud [klaʊd]：vt.使混乱
Drew Hays@drew_hays/unsplash
那么，如何过一个充满刺激的万圣节呢？
美国疾病控制与预防中心表示，以下这些“不给糖就捣蛋”的玩法属于中等风险（与传统玩法的高风险相比）：孩子们可以在保持社交距离的情况下，在车道或院子尽头拿到单独包装的礼物袋。
你也可以组织一个小型的户外换装游行，人们之间保持6英尺（约合1.8米）的社交距离。如果人们戴上口罩并间隔6英尺，户外换装派对也属于中风险。
虽然不推荐去鬼屋，但搞个闹鬼的森林是可以的。美国疾病控制与预防中心表示，只要人们正确佩戴口罩，设定单行路线，并保持6英尺的距离，那么露天的惊吓聚会也属于中风险。但该机构警告称：“如果人们可能会尖叫，建议增加间隔距离。”
caveat [ˈkæviæt]：n.警告
那摘苹果和挖南瓜呢？如果人们在摸南瓜或苹果前使用洗手液，戴口罩并保持社交距离，风险就会降低。
同样在中等风险列表上的还有：与当地朋友晚上在户外看恐怖电影并保持社交距离。同样，尖叫越多，就需要越远的安全社交距离。
如果你想要真正安全？那么你需要安排线上活动或者主要与家人一起举行家庭活动。
美国疾病控制与预防中心公布的低风险活动包括：与家人一起雕刻南瓜，或与朋友在户外活动并保持社交距离。该机构还建议在万圣节进行一次寻物游戏：在室外四处走动，寻找女巫、蜘蛛网和黑猫，或者在自己家里找糖果。
那口罩呢？根据该机构的说法，服装面具不能代替布口罩，但不要同时佩戴面具和口罩，因为那样会使呼吸困难。该机构建议说，人们可以考虑万圣节主题的布口罩。
如果服装面具与普通布口罩一样能够用两层或以上的透气织物覆盖口鼻，而且脸部周围没有空隙，也可以用来防止新冠病毒的传播。
亲爱的邻居们，请记住这一点：如果你认为自己可能感染了新冠肺炎，或者接触过新冠感染者，不要参加线下万圣节活动，当然也不要给他人分发糖果。
【美国疫情最新数据】
美国约翰斯·霍普金斯大学发布的疫情统计数据显示，截至美国东部时间22日11时23分（北京时间23时23分），美国累计新冠确诊病例超过686万例，累计死亡病例突破20万例。
英文来源：NPR
翻译&编辑：yaning |
月宫仙子嫦娥只是中国神话，但在不久的未来，月球上将会迎来第一名人类女性。美国宇航局宣布，计划在2024年将包括女性在内的一批宇航员送往月球，这将是人类自1972年以来首次回到月球表面。
NASA's Artemis program hopes to land astronauts on the Moon in 2024. Credit: NASA
NASA has big plans for 2024.
美国宇航局将在2024年有大动作。
The space agency said that in four years, it plans to land the first woman ever on the Moon and the first man since 1972 through its Artemis program.
美国宇航局称，计划在四年后实现首位女性和1972年以来的首位男性登陆月球，任务代号为“阿耳特弥斯”。
The program calls for $28 billion in funding through 2025 for Phase 1, NASA said in its news release.
美国宇航局在新闻稿中称，该项目在截至2025年的第一阶段需耗资280亿美元（约合人民币1898亿元）。
Artemis is named after the Greek goddess of the moon and twin sister of Apollo. NASA's Apollo 11 mission succeeded in landing the first humans on the moon on July 20, 1969.
阿耳特弥斯的任务代号得名于古希腊神话中的月亮女神，她是太阳神阿波罗的孪生姐姐。美国宇航局的阿波罗11号任务于1969年7月20日成功让人类首次登陆月球。
Only 12 humans, all male, have ever walked on the moon and they were all American, according to Bettina Inclán, NASA Communications Director.
美国宇航局通信主管贝蒂娜·因克兰称，迄今为止登上月球的只有12个人，而且全是美国男性。
"The last person walked on the Moon in 1972," Inclán said in a statement. "No woman has ever walked on the lunar surface."
因克兰在一份声明中称：“人类上一次登上月球是1972年。还没有女性登陆过月球。”
In December 2017, President Donald Trump signed Space Policy Directive 1, which called for NASA to send humans to the Moon for the first time since 1972 for "long-term exploration and use" and missions to other planets.
2017年12月，特朗普总统签署了1号太空政策指令，要求美国宇航局在1972年后首次将人类送往月球进行“长期探索和利用”以及执行和其他行星有关的任务。
NASA said it hopes that more exploration of the moon will help the US establish a strategic presence in space and grow their international partnerships.
美国宇航局表示，希望对月球的更多探索将帮助美国在太空占据战略地位，并增进国际合作。
One billion dollars of the budget will go directly to the development of a commercial human lunar system that will take humans to the moon's surface, NASA said.
美国宇航局称，预算中的10亿美元将直接用于开发商业化的人类月球系统，该系统将把人类送往月球表面。
An allotment of $651 million will be used to support the Orion Spacecraft and the rocket that Boeing is building for the moon mission -- called the Space Launch System or SLS. NASA has already spent at least $11.9 billion on the SLS, which was supposed to be ready by December 2017.
预算中的6.51亿美元将用于支持猎户座飞船和波音为名为“太空发射系统”的登月任务建造的火箭。美国宇航局已经在太空发射系统上投入了至少119亿美元，该系统本该在2017年12月准备就绪。
The spacecraft is complete, NASA said, and the core stage and four attached rockets are undergoing final tests in preparation for a "critical hot fire test this fall."
美国宇航局称，飞船已经造好，核心部分和四个火箭助推器正在进行最终测试，以迎接“今秋的关键热火测试”。
NASA's Artemis I mission is on track to launch in 2021 with two test flights around the Moon without astronauts. However, NASA plans to send robots using commercial delivery services to "send dozens of new science investigations and technology demonstrations" to the Moon twice in 2021.
美国宇航局的“阿耳特弥斯1号”将于2021年发射，开展两次无人绕月飞行测试。不过，美国宇航局计划在2021年两次用商业运载服务让机器人“将数十项新科学调查和技术展示成果”送往月球。
Artemis II is set to launch in 2023 with astronauts on board in preparation to have Artemis III bring astronauts back to the surface of the Moon.
载人的“阿耳特弥斯2号”将于2023年发射，为让宇航员重回月球表面的阿耳特弥斯3号任务做准备。
The astronauts will be fitted with modern spacesuits that allow for greater flexibility and movement than the spacesuits used by other Apollo-era astronauts, and they will be tasked with collecting samples and conducting a "range of science experiments over the course of nearly seven days."
宇航员将穿上比阿波罗时代太空服灵活性更高、更便于运动的现代太空服，他们的任务是收集样本和“在近七天时间内进行一系列科学实验”。
The Artemis program will search for and potentially extract resources such as water that can be converted into other usable resources such as oxygen and fuel, and NASA hopes to develop new mobility capabilities that will allow astronauts to explore new regions of the Moon.
阿耳特弥斯计划将探寻并在可能的情况下开采能转化为氧气和燃料等其他有用能源的资源，比如水。美国宇航局希望能研发出新的代步工具，让宇航员可以探索月球的新区域。
英文来源：美国有线电视新闻网
翻译&编辑：丹妮 | NASA's Artemis program hopes to land astronauts on the Moon in 2024. Credit: NASA
NASA has big plans for 2024.
The space agency said that in four years, it plans to land the first woman ever on the Moon and the first man since 1972 through its Artemis program.
The program calls for $28 billion in funding through 2025 for Phase 1, NASA said in its news release.
Artemis is named after the Greek goddess of the moon and twin sister of Apollo. NASA's Apollo 11 mission succeeded in landing the first humans on the moon on July 20, 1969.
In December 2017, President Donald Trump signed Space Policy Directive 1, which called for NASA to send humans to the Moon for the first time since 1972 for "long-term exploration and use" and missions to other planets.
NASA said it hopes that more exploration of the moon will help the US establish a strategic presence in space and grow their international partnerships.
One billion dollars of the budget will go directly to the development of a commercial human lunar system that will take humans to the moon's surface, NASA said.
An allotment of $651 million will be used to support the Orion Spacecraft and the rocket that Boeing is building for the moon mission -- called the Space Launch System or SLS. NASA has already spent at least $11.9 billion on the SLS, which was supposed to be ready by December 2017.
The spacecraft is complete, NASA said, and the core stage and four attached rockets are undergoing final tests in preparation for a "critical hot fire test this fall."
NASA's Artemis I mission is on track to launch in 2021 with two test flights around the Moon without astronauts. However, NASA plans to send robots using commercial delivery services to "send dozens of new science investigations and technology demonstrations" to the Moon twice in 2021.
Artemis II is set to launch in 2023 with astronauts on board in preparation to have Artemis III bring astronauts back to the surface of the Moon.
The astronauts will be fitted with modern spacesuits that allow for greater flexibility and movement than the spacesuits used by other Apollo-era astronauts, and they will be tasked with collecting samples and conducting a "range of science experiments over the course of nearly seven days."
The Artemis program will search for and potentially extract resources such as water that can be converted into other usable resources such as oxygen and fuel, and NASA hopes to develop new mobility capabilities that will allow astronauts to explore new regions of the Moon. | 月宫仙子嫦娥只是中国神话，但在不久的未来，月球上将会迎来第一名人类女性。美国宇航局宣布，计划在2024年将包括女性在内的一批宇航员送往月球，这将是人类自1972年以来首次回到月球表面。
美国宇航局将在2024年有大动作。
美国宇航局称，计划在四年后实现首位女性和1972年以来的首位男性登陆月球，任务代号为“阿耳特弥斯”。
美国宇航局在新闻稿中称，该项目在截至2025年的第一阶段需耗资280亿美元（约合人民币1898亿元）。
阿耳特弥斯的任务代号得名于古希腊神话中的月亮女神，她是太阳神阿波罗的孪生姐姐。美国宇航局的阿波罗11号任务于1969年7月20日成功让人类首次登陆月球。
Only 12 humans, all male, have ever walked on the moon and they were all American, according to Bettina Inclán, NASA Communications Director.
美国宇航局通信主管贝蒂娜·因克兰称，迄今为止登上月球的只有12个人，而且全是美国男性。
"The last person walked on the Moon in 1972," Inclán said in a statement. "No woman has ever walked on the lunar surface."
因克兰在一份声明中称：“人类上一次登上月球是1972年。还没有女性登陆过月球。”
2017年12月，特朗普总统签署了1号太空政策指令，要求美国宇航局在1972年后首次将人类送往月球进行“长期探索和利用”以及执行和其他行星有关的任务。
美国宇航局表示，希望对月球的更多探索将帮助美国在太空占据战略地位，并增进国际合作。
美国宇航局称，预算中的10亿美元将直接用于开发商业化的人类月球系统，该系统将把人类送往月球表面。
预算中的6.51亿美元将用于支持猎户座飞船和波音为名为“太空发射系统”的登月任务建造的火箭。美国宇航局已经在太空发射系统上投入了至少119亿美元，该系统本该在2017年12月准备就绪。
美国宇航局称，飞船已经造好，核心部分和四个火箭助推器正在进行最终测试，以迎接“今秋的关键热火测试”。
美国宇航局的“阿耳特弥斯1号”将于2021年发射，开展两次无人绕月飞行测试。不过，美国宇航局计划在2021年两次用商业运载服务让机器人“将数十项新科学调查和技术展示成果”送往月球。
载人的“阿耳特弥斯2号”将于2023年发射，为让宇航员重回月球表面的阿耳特弥斯3号任务做准备。
宇航员将穿上比阿波罗时代太空服灵活性更高、更便于运动的现代太空服，他们的任务是收集样本和“在近七天时间内进行一系列科学实验”。
阿耳特弥斯计划将探寻并在可能的情况下开采能转化为氧气和燃料等其他有用能源的资源，比如水。美国宇航局希望能研发出新的代步工具，让宇航员可以探索月球的新区域。
英文来源：美国有线电视新闻网
翻译&编辑：丹妮 |
为了鼓励人们结婚生育，日本政府可谓是使尽了招数。最近日本政府又宣布，将为新婚夫妇提供多达60万日元的结婚补助金，助其轻松开启新生活。
Photo by Kristin Wilson on Unsplash
Newly married couples can receive up to 600,000 yen to cover their rent and other costs to start a new life from next April if they live in a municipality adopting Japan's newlywed support program, government sources said Sunday.
日本政府消息人士9月20日透露，居住在实施新婚补助计划的市町村的新婚夫妇，从2021年4月起可以获得最高60万日元（约合人民币3.9万元）的补贴来开启新生活，用以支付房租和其他费用。
As the nation's ultralow birth rate is attributed mainly to the tendency that people marry late or stay unmarried, the government will try to boost marriages by enhancing the program to provide a larger sum and cover more couples, said the sources at the Cabinet Office.
日本内阁府的消息称，由于日本的超低出生率主要被归结于人们晚婚或不婚，政府将尝试通过该项目来为更多新婚夫妇提供更大数额的补助金，从而提高结婚率。
To be eligible, both husband and wife will have to be under age 40 as of the registered date of marriage and have a combined income of less than 5.4 million yen, up from age 35 and 4.8 million yen under the current conditions for aid of up to 300,000 yen.
申请人需满足以下条件：夫妻双方在登记结婚之日须未满40岁，且家庭收入低于540万日元（约合人民币35万元）。新规较目前的新婚补助条件有所放宽，当前这两项条件分别为登记结婚当日须未满35岁，家庭收入低于480万日元，补助金额则为最高30万日元。
Only 281 municipalities, or 15 percent of all cities, towns and villages in Japan, had adopted the program as of July as they must shoulder half the expenses, but in a bid to increase the number, the central government will bear two-thirds from fiscal 2021, the sources said.
消息人士称，截至7月，日本国内实施该项目的有281个市町村，仅占所有市町村的15%左右，因为当地政府须承担一半的费用。消息人士称，为了提升该政策的覆盖率，中央政府将从2021财年起承担三分之二的费用。
The program is part of government efforts to address the low birth rate as married couples tend to have two children, even though the average number of children a woman will bear in her lifetime was 1.36 last year with a record-low 865,000 babies born.
此项计划是日本政府为解决低出生率问题而推出的举措之一，因为已婚夫妇通常都会生育两个小孩，而去年出生的新生儿数量只有86.5万，每名妇女一生平均生育1.36个小孩，创下历史新低。
An economic incentive is deemed effective to encourage people to marry since 29.1 percent of single men aged 25 to 34 and 17.8 percent of single women cited lack of marriage funds as a reason they stayed unmarried in a 2015 survey by the National Institute of Population and Social Security Research.
经济激励被视为鼓励人们结婚的有效措施，因为国立社会保障和人口问题研究所2015年的一项调查显示，29.1%的25岁至34岁的单身男性和17.8%的单身女性将缺少结婚基金作为不婚的理由。
英文来源：共同社
翻译&编辑：丹妮 | Photo by Kristin Wilson on Unsplash
Newly married couples can receive up to 600,000 yen to cover their rent and other costs to start a new life from next April if they live in a municipality adopting Japan's newlywed support program, government sources said Sunday.
As the nation's ultralow birth rate is attributed mainly to the tendency that people marry late or stay unmarried, the government will try to boost marriages by enhancing the program to provide a larger sum and cover more couples, said the sources at the Cabinet Office.
To be eligible, both husband and wife will have to be under age 40 as of the registered date of marriage and have a combined income of less than 5.4 million yen, up from age 35 and 4.8 million yen under the current conditions for aid of up to 300,000 yen.
Only 281 municipalities, or 15 percent of all cities, towns and villages in Japan, had adopted the program as of July as they must shoulder half the expenses, but in a bid to increase the number, the central government will bear two-thirds from fiscal 2021, the sources said.
The program is part of government efforts to address the low birth rate as married couples tend to have two children, even though the average number of children a woman will bear in her lifetime was 1.36 last year with a record-low 865,000 babies born.
An economic incentive is deemed effective to encourage people to marry since 29.1 percent of single men aged 25 to 34 and 17.8 percent of single women cited lack of marriage funds as a reason they stayed unmarried in a 2015 survey by the National Institute of Population and Social Security Research. | 为了鼓励人们结婚生育，日本政府可谓是使尽了招数。最近日本政府又宣布，将为新婚夫妇提供多达60万日元的结婚补助金，助其轻松开启新生活。
日本政府消息人士9月20日透露，居住在实施新婚补助计划的市町村的新婚夫妇，从2021年4月起可以获得最高60万日元（约合人民币3.9万元）的补贴来开启新生活，用以支付房租和其他费用。
日本内阁府的消息称，由于日本的超低出生率主要被归结于人们晚婚或不婚，政府将尝试通过该项目来为更多新婚夫妇提供更大数额的补助金，从而提高结婚率。
申请人需满足以下条件：夫妻双方在登记结婚之日须未满40岁，且家庭收入低于540万日元（约合人民币35万元）。新规较目前的新婚补助条件有所放宽，当前这两项条件分别为登记结婚当日须未满35岁，家庭收入低于480万日元，补助金额则为最高30万日元。
消息人士称，截至7月，日本国内实施该项目的有281个市町村，仅占所有市町村的15%左右，因为当地政府须承担一半的费用。消息人士称，为了提升该政策的覆盖率，中央政府将从2021财年起承担三分之二的费用。
此项计划是日本政府为解决低出生率问题而推出的举措之一，因为已婚夫妇通常都会生育两个小孩，而去年出生的新生儿数量只有86.5万，每名妇女一生平均生育1.36个小孩，创下历史新低。
经济激励被视为鼓励人们结婚的有效措施，因为国立社会保障和人口问题研究所2015年的一项调查显示，29.1%的25岁至34岁的单身男性和17.8%的单身女性将缺少结婚基金作为不婚的理由。
英文来源：共同社
翻译&编辑：丹妮 |
考虑到留学生秋季入学面临出行、转机等一系列困难，英国已有20多所高校联合包机接中国留学生返英。贝尔法斯特女王大学在英国高校中率先推出针对中国学生的包机服务。而由于国际学生流失，澳大利亚的多所大学正经历裁员潮。
Officials welcome arriving students at Belfast International Airport on Saturday. IVAN EWART/QUEEN'S UNIVERSITY BELFAST
英国大学包机接中国留学生返校
Three hundred and sixty nine Chinese students started their self-quarantine life in the campus of Queen's University Belfast, or QUB, after traveling from China to the United Kingdom by a flight chartered by the university on Saturday.
上周六（9月19日），三百六十九名中国学生从中国乘坐贝尔法斯特女王大学的包机前往英国，之后开始了他们在该大学的自我隔离生活。
A mother who sent her daughter off from Beijing said she was "very grateful" for the charter flight.
一位将女儿从北京送走的母亲说，她“非常感谢”这次包机。
She said: "We were worried when my child got the student visa because the pandemic makes international travel difficult and risky. Then we heard the news that QUB will arrange a charter flight. We were so happy. And the ticket price is fair enough."
她说：“女儿拿到学生签证时，我们很担心，因为疫情让国际旅行变得困难和危险。然后我们听说贝尔法斯特女王大学会安排包机。我们很高兴，票价也很合理。
According to the Higher Education Statistics Agency, last year the number of students from China studying in UK higher education surpassed 120,000 for the first time, accounting for more than one in every three non-European Union students. The total number of Chinese students studying in the UK is now more than 220,000, Chinese government figures show.
英国高等教育统计局的数据显示，去年，在英国高校留学的中国学生人数首次超过12万，占非欧盟学生总数的三分之一以上。中国政府的数据显示，目前在英国留学的中国学生总数已超过22万。
These students contribute 4 billion pounds to the UK's economy per year in tuition fees and other spending such as accommodation, a BBC report said.
据英国广播公司报道，包括学费和住宿费等其他消费在内，这些留学生每年为英国经济的贡献达到40亿英镑（约合人民币348亿元）。
The report also said since the pandemic began, UK universities have been worried about major financial losses if Chinese students withdraw from their courses in the new academic year in the fall, amid concern over high COVID-19 infection rates and a high death toll in the UK.
报道中还提到，自疫情暴发以来，英国大学一直担心，如果中国学生因担心英国的新冠肺炎高感染率和死亡人数而在秋季新学年退学，会造成重大经济损失。
According to a forecast by the University of Manchester, cancellations can range from 12 percent to 61 percent, and "anxiety" over whether it is safe to travel to the UK outweighs other concerns.
根据曼彻斯特大学的预测，退学率可能在12%到61%之间，而对去英国旅行是否安全的“焦虑”超过了其他担忧。
"To alleviate anxiety and stress about traveling for the new academic year, Queen's was one of the first universities in the UK to put together a direct charter flight to bring our students directly to Belfast," vice-chancellor Greer said in his welcome message.
贝尔法斯特女王大学副校长格里尔在欢迎致辞中说：“为了缓解新学年旅行带来的焦虑和压力，贝尔法斯特女王大学是英国首批安排包机将学生直接送到贝尔法斯特的大学之一。”
A one-way ticket for the QUB charter flight was 616 pounds.
包机的单程票价为616英镑。
A cat relaxes next to a student at the Old Bodleian Library buildings, Oxford University, ahead of the new academic year, amidst the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, in Oxford, Britain, Sept 17, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
Students were required to take COVID-19 tests 48 hours before departure and needed to provide negative results to board the plane. After landing, they were transported directly from the airport to their campus and provided with quarantine accommodation.
学生们需在起飞前48小时内进行新冠病毒检测，并在登机时提供阴性结果。飞机着陆后，直接将他们从机场送往学校，学校将提供隔离住宿。
More than 20 universities in the United Kingdom have joined together to charter flights for Chinese students to Britain. The UK had earlier declared it would treat Chinese students the same as those from the European Union for visa purposes. The flights through Hainan Airlines will ferry students from Chongqing to Manchester in time for the start of semester at the end of September.
英国已有20多所高校联合包机接中国留学生返英。英国早些时候宣布，将给予中国学生与欧盟学生相同的签证待遇。海南航空公司的航班将把中国留学生从重庆送往曼彻斯特，以赶上9月底开始的新学期。
Discussions are believed to be ongoing for more British universities to charter flights from China, India and Africa to encourage international students to return in this academic year, several media outlets have reported.
据多家媒体报道，有关方面正在讨论让更多英国大学包机从中国、印度和非洲接回留学生，以鼓励国际学生在本学年返英就读。
Canada's Sheridan College is offering students a refund if they are unhappy with their online tuition during the coronavirus pandemic in a bid to keep them on the books.
加拿大谢里登学院宣布，如果学生对新冠疫情期间的在线课程学费不满，将提供退款，以期留住学生。
International students from China wear graduation gowns as they take pictures around the University of Sydney's campus, where they studied for their masters degree, after their in-person graduation ceremony was cancelled during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak, in Sydney, Australia, July 4, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
澳大利亚大学担忧留学生流失
多所高校裁员
Universities overseas are chartering flights for thousands of Chinese international students to return to their studies, leaving Australia racing to keep up with its top competitors, Britain, the US and Canada, in its third biggest export industry.
多国高校正在为数以千计的中国留学生提供返校包机航班，促使澳大利亚加紧在该国第三大出口产业中努力跟上其主要竞争对手英国、美国和加拿大的步伐。
As Australian universities endured a horror-week of staff layoffs as border closures continued to cripple their budgets, China's Ministry of Education has also begun plans to recognise degrees partially completed at overseas universities in its own institutions, eliminating the need for some international students to return to Australia.
由于边境关闭导致高校预算继续严重缩水，澳大利亚的大学经历了一周可怕的裁员潮。中国教育部表示，对在国内高校完成的部分海外高校学位课程予以承认，因此一些留学生也不必再返回澳大利亚。
The Ministry on Thursday told Chinese state media it would allow universities to accept students studying abroad to study in domestic universities "on the premise of ensuring education equity".
中国教育部上周四（9月17日）对中国官方媒体表示，允许高校“在确保教育公平的前提下”，接收出国留学生先行在国内高校借读学习。
Phil Honeywood, chief executive of International Education Association of Australia, said there was a "real danger" Australia would lose substantial numbers of international students for semester one next year.
澳大利亚国际教育协会首席执行官菲尔·霍尼伍德说，该国面临着在下学年第一学期失去大量国际学生的“真正危险”。
In the year to June, applications to study in Australia declined by 46 percent from India, 60 percent from Nepal and 20 percent from China compared to the previous year, data published by the Department of Home Affairs shows.
澳大利亚内政部公布的数据显示，在截至今年6月的一年中，与去年同期相比，来自印度的赴澳留学申请减少了46%，来自尼泊尔的申请减少了60%，来自中国的申请减少了20%。
The Australian National University in Canberra announced last week that 215 jobs would be cut, in addition to 250 voluntary redundancies. The University of NSW also confirmed it would move to axe 256 full-time positions, or 3.8 percent of the university's workforce, in a bid to find $39 million in savings.
位于堪培拉的澳大利亚国立大学上周宣布，除了自愿裁员250人之外，还将裁减215个工作岗位。新南威尔士大学证实，该校将裁减256个全职职位，占学校员工总数的3.8%，以节省3900万美元（约合人民币2.6亿元）经费。
RMIT University confirmed on Thursday it had accepted 355 voluntary redundancies, but said it could be forced to shed 250 more jobs before the year is out.
皇家墨尔本理工大学上周四证实，已接受355份自愿裁员申请，但表示年底前可能被迫再裁员250人。
Meanwhile, the University of Sydney announced plans for voluntary redundancies as it forecast a $550 million hit to overall student revenue over the next four years.
与此同时，悉尼大学宣布了自愿裁员的计划，预计未来四年学费总收入将减少5.5亿美元。
The National Tertiary Education Union estimates more than 11,000 jobs have been cut to date by universities in response to the COVID-19 crisis, while Universities Australia has forecast as many as 21,000 full-time positions could go by early next year.
澳大利亚全国高等教育联盟估计，为了应对新冠肺炎危机，目前大学已经削减了超过1.1万个工作岗位，而澳大利亚大学联盟预测，到明年年初，可能会裁减多达2.1万个全职职位。
英文来源：悉尼先驱晨报、
中国日报
翻译&编辑：yaning | Officials welcome arriving students at Belfast International Airport on Saturday. IVAN EWART/QUEEN'S UNIVERSITY BELFAST
Three hundred and sixty nine Chinese students started their self-quarantine life in the campus of Queen's University Belfast, or QUB, after traveling from China to the United Kingdom by a flight chartered by the university on Saturday.
A mother who sent her daughter off from Beijing said she was "very grateful" for the charter flight.
She said: "We were worried when my child got the student visa because the pandemic makes international travel difficult and risky. Then we heard the news that QUB will arrange a charter flight. We were so happy. And the ticket price is fair enough."
According to the Higher Education Statistics Agency, last year the number of students from China studying in UK higher education surpassed 120,000 for the first time, accounting for more than one in every three non-European Union students. The total number of Chinese students studying in the UK is now more than 220,000, Chinese government figures show.
These students contribute 4 billion pounds to the UK's economy per year in tuition fees and other spending such as accommodation, a BBC report said.
The report also said since the pandemic began, UK universities have been worried about major financial losses if Chinese students withdraw from their courses in the new academic year in the fall, amid concern over high COVID-19 infection rates and a high death toll in the UK.
According to a forecast by the University of Manchester, cancellations can range from 12 percent to 61 percent, and "anxiety" over whether it is safe to travel to the UK outweighs other concerns.
"To alleviate anxiety and stress about traveling for the new academic year, Queen's was one of the first universities in the UK to put together a direct charter flight to bring our students directly to Belfast," vice-chancellor Greer said in his welcome message.
A one-way ticket for the QUB charter flight was 616 pounds.
A cat relaxes next to a student at the Old Bodleian Library buildings, Oxford University, ahead of the new academic year, amidst the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, in Oxford, Britain, Sept 17, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
Students were required to take COVID-19 tests 48 hours before departure and needed to provide negative results to board the plane. After landing, they were transported directly from the airport to their campus and provided with quarantine accommodation.
More than 20 universities in the United Kingdom have joined together to charter flights for Chinese students to Britain. The UK had earlier declared it would treat Chinese students the same as those from the European Union for visa purposes. The flights through Hainan Airlines will ferry students from Chongqing to Manchester in time for the start of semester at the end of September.
Discussions are believed to be ongoing for more British universities to charter flights from China, India and Africa to encourage international students to return in this academic year, several media outlets have reported.
Canada's Sheridan College is offering students a refund if they are unhappy with their online tuition during the coronavirus pandemic in a bid to keep them on the books.
International students from China wear graduation gowns as they take pictures around the University of Sydney's campus, where they studied for their masters degree, after their in-person graduation ceremony was cancelled during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak, in Sydney, Australia, July 4, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
Universities overseas are chartering flights for thousands of Chinese international students to return to their studies, leaving Australia racing to keep up with its top competitors, Britain, the US and Canada, in its third biggest export industry.
As Australian universities endured a horror-week of staff layoffs as border closures continued to cripple their budgets, China's Ministry of Education has also begun plans to recognise degrees partially completed at overseas universities in its own institutions, eliminating the need for some international students to return to Australia.
The Ministry on Thursday told Chinese state media it would allow universities to accept students studying abroad to study in domestic universities "on the premise of ensuring education equity".
Phil Honeywood, chief executive of International Education Association of Australia, said there was a "real danger" Australia would lose substantial numbers of international students for semester one next year.
In the year to June, applications to study in Australia declined by 46 percent from India, 60 percent from Nepal and 20 percent from China compared to the previous year, data published by the Department of Home Affairs shows.
The Australian National University in Canberra announced last week that 215 jobs would be cut, in addition to 250 voluntary redundancies. The University of NSW also confirmed it would move to axe 256 full-time positions, or 3.8 percent of the university's workforce, in a bid to find $39 million in savings.
RMIT University confirmed on Thursday it had accepted 355 voluntary redundancies, but said it could be forced to shed 250 more jobs before the year is out.
Meanwhile, the University of Sydney announced plans for voluntary redundancies as it forecast a $550 million hit to overall student revenue over the next four years.
The National Tertiary Education Union estimates more than 11,000 jobs have been cut to date by universities in response to the COVID-19 crisis, while Universities Australia has forecast as many as 21,000 full-time positions could go by early next year. | 考虑到留学生秋季入学面临出行、转机等一系列困难，英国已有20多所高校联合包机接中国留学生返英。贝尔法斯特女王大学在英国高校中率先推出针对中国学生的包机服务。而由于国际学生流失，澳大利亚的多所大学正经历裁员潮。
英国大学包机接中国留学生返校
上周六（9月19日），三百六十九名中国学生从中国乘坐贝尔法斯特女王大学的包机前往英国，之后开始了他们在该大学的自我隔离生活。
一位将女儿从北京送走的母亲说，她“非常感谢”这次包机。
她说：“女儿拿到学生签证时，我们很担心，因为疫情让国际旅行变得困难和危险。然后我们听说贝尔法斯特女王大学会安排包机。我们很高兴，票价也很合理。
英国高等教育统计局的数据显示，去年，在英国高校留学的中国学生人数首次超过12万，占非欧盟学生总数的三分之一以上。中国政府的数据显示，目前在英国留学的中国学生总数已超过22万。
据英国广播公司报道，包括学费和住宿费等其他消费在内，这些留学生每年为英国经济的贡献达到40亿英镑（约合人民币348亿元）。
报道中还提到，自疫情暴发以来，英国大学一直担心，如果中国学生因担心英国的新冠肺炎高感染率和死亡人数而在秋季新学年退学，会造成重大经济损失。
根据曼彻斯特大学的预测，退学率可能在12%到61%之间，而对去英国旅行是否安全的“焦虑”超过了其他担忧。
贝尔法斯特女王大学副校长格里尔在欢迎致辞中说：“为了缓解新学年旅行带来的焦虑和压力，贝尔法斯特女王大学是英国首批安排包机将学生直接送到贝尔法斯特的大学之一。”
包机的单程票价为616英镑。
学生们需在起飞前48小时内进行新冠病毒检测，并在登机时提供阴性结果。飞机着陆后，直接将他们从机场送往学校，学校将提供隔离住宿。
英国已有20多所高校联合包机接中国留学生返英。英国早些时候宣布，将给予中国学生与欧盟学生相同的签证待遇。海南航空公司的航班将把中国留学生从重庆送往曼彻斯特，以赶上9月底开始的新学期。
据多家媒体报道，有关方面正在讨论让更多英国大学包机从中国、印度和非洲接回留学生，以鼓励国际学生在本学年返英就读。
加拿大谢里登学院宣布，如果学生对新冠疫情期间的在线课程学费不满，将提供退款，以期留住学生。
澳大利亚大学担忧留学生流失
多所高校裁员
多国高校正在为数以千计的中国留学生提供返校包机航班，促使澳大利亚加紧在该国第三大出口产业中努力跟上其主要竞争对手英国、美国和加拿大的步伐。
由于边境关闭导致高校预算继续严重缩水，澳大利亚的大学经历了一周可怕的裁员潮。中国教育部表示，对在国内高校完成的部分海外高校学位课程予以承认，因此一些留学生也不必再返回澳大利亚。
中国教育部上周四（9月17日）对中国官方媒体表示，允许高校“在确保教育公平的前提下”，接收出国留学生先行在国内高校借读学习。
澳大利亚国际教育协会首席执行官菲尔·霍尼伍德说，该国面临着在下学年第一学期失去大量国际学生的“真正危险”。
澳大利亚内政部公布的数据显示，在截至今年6月的一年中，与去年同期相比，来自印度的赴澳留学申请减少了46%，来自尼泊尔的申请减少了60%，来自中国的申请减少了20%。
位于堪培拉的澳大利亚国立大学上周宣布，除了自愿裁员250人之外，还将裁减215个工作岗位。新南威尔士大学证实，该校将裁减256个全职职位，占学校员工总数的3.8%，以节省3900万美元（约合人民币2.6亿元）经费。
皇家墨尔本理工大学上周四证实，已接受355份自愿裁员申请，但表示年底前可能被迫再裁员250人。
与此同时，悉尼大学宣布了自愿裁员的计划，预计未来四年学费总收入将减少5.5亿美元。
澳大利亚全国高等教育联盟估计，为了应对新冠肺炎危机，目前大学已经削减了超过1.1万个工作岗位，而澳大利亚大学联盟预测，到明年年初，可能会裁减多达2.1万个全职职位。
英文来源：悉尼先驱晨报、
中国日报
翻译&编辑：yaning |
联合国系统包括联合国自身以及被称为方案、基金和专门机构的多个附属组织。这些组织有自己的会员、领导和预算。联合国各方案和基金通过自愿捐助而非分摊会费获得资金。各专门机构是独立的国际组织，并通过自愿捐助和分摊会费获得资金。
The UN system is made up of the UN itself and many programmes, funds, and specialized agencies, all with their own members, leadership and budget. The programmes and funds are financed through voluntary rather than assessed contributions. The Specialized Agencies are independent international organizations funded by both voluntary and assessed contributions. | The UN system is made up of the UN itself and many programmes, funds, and specialized agencies, all with their own members, leadership and budget. The programmes and funds are financed through voluntary rather than assessed contributions. The Specialized Agencies are independent international organizations funded by both voluntary and assessed contributions. | 联合国系统包括联合国自身以及被称为方案、基金和专门机构的多个附属组织。这些组织有自己的会员、领导和预算。联合国各方案和基金通过自愿捐助而非分摊会费获得资金。各专门机构是独立的国际组织，并通过自愿捐助和分摊会费获得资金。 |
坐在宽敞明亮的度假屋里，落地窗外是碧蓝的天空和清澈的海水，一边敲键盘一边还有阵阵海风吹来，这样的工作环境简直就像在做梦！可如今，这样的机会就摆在眼前。
Photo by Sandra Seitamaa on Unsplash
Always wanted to live abroad? Now may be your best chance.
一直想去国外生活？现在可能是你的最佳机会。
More countries are inviting travelers to trade their home offices for the opportunity to live and work abroad during the pandemic.
疫情期间越来越多的国家开始邀请人们离开家庭办公室，到国外工作和生活。
Stanford University economist Nicholas Bloom estimates 42% of the US labor force is now working from home full time. And workers may not be returning to the office anytime soon.
斯坦福大学的经济学家尼古拉斯·布鲁姆估计，42%的美国劳动力现在全天在家办公，而且他们应该也不会很快返岗工作。
As the pandemic marches on and companies like Facebook announce employees needn’t return to the office until mid-2021 (or never in the case of Twitter), some countries are shifting away from traditional tourism models that rely on a stream of short-term visitors in favor of travelers who are willing to stay for longer periods.
随着疫情持续蔓延，脸书等公司宣布员工在2021年年中之前无需回归办公室（推特员工则可以永远在家办公），一些国家正从依靠短期客流的传统旅游模式转变为吸引游客停留更长时间的旅游模式。
These destinations are enticing this new batch of “digital nomads” with low Covid-19 rates, decreased costs of living and a slower, more relaxed pace of life.
这些旅游目的地凭借其新冠肺炎感染率低、生活成本低和更放松的慢节奏生活吸引着这批新的“数字游民”。
Starting Aug 21, remote workers can apply to live and work on the 35-square-mile island of Anguilla, a British overseas territory that has registered only three Covid-19 cases to date.
从8月21日开始，远程工作者可以申请在面积35平方英里的安圭拉岛上工作和生活。安圭拉岛是英国的一个海外领地，到目前为止只报告了三例新冠肺炎病例。
A press release issued by the Anguilla Tourist Board on Aug 19 quoted Kenroy Herbert, the board’s chairman, as saying the territory is “targeting a new clientele we call digital nomads, who will come and work remotely from Anguilla on extended stay visas.”
安圭拉旅游局8月19日发布的新闻稿援引局长肯洛伊·赫伯特的话说，这个岛屿“瞄准的新客户群就是所谓的数字游民，他们会申请更长期的居留签证，来安圭拉岛远程工作。”
Priority to enter Anguilla is being given to applicants from “low-risk” countries, defined as those with less than 0.2% infection rate, as well as long-stay travelers.
能够优先通过申请的是那些来自“低风险”国家（新冠肺炎感染率低于0.2%的国家）的游客，以及停留时间较长的游客。
A stay under three months costs $1,000 for individuals and $1,500 for a family of four. Entrance fees, which double for longer stays, cover two Covid-19 tests, a digital work permit and other costs.
停留时间三个月以内的个人和四口之家分别收费1000美元（约合人民币6767元）和1500美元。停留时间超过三个月的收费加倍，涵盖了两次新冠病毒检测的费用、一张数字工作许可证的办理费和其他开支。
Unlike other destinations, Anguilla asks only for a “brief description” of the type of work one will do while there.
和其他目的地不同，安圭拉只要求“简短描述”本人在那里所做的工作类型。
Travelers who apply for new year-long work visas to Barbados know within five working days whether their visa request is confirmed.
游客如果申请去巴巴多斯岛的一年期新工作签证，只需五个工作日就能知道申请有没有通过。
There is free Wi-Fi throughout the island, including restaurants, cafes, public libraries and public parks. Visa holders can send their children to private schools or pay a small stipend to attend a state-owned public school.
岛上有免费的无线网络，覆盖了餐厅、咖啡馆、公共图书馆和公园等场所。签证持有者可以送孩子去私立学校，或支付一小笔补贴金上公立学校。
Bermuda is appealing to those working at cramped home offices by touting its pink beaches, crystal waters and 18 miles of walking paths.
百慕大群岛则用粉色的海滩、清澈的海水和18英里（约合29公里）长的步行道吸引那些家中办公环境狭小的远程工作者。
怎么样，你动心了吗？
英文来源：CNBC
翻译&编辑：丹妮 | Photo by Sandra Seitamaa on Unsplash
Always wanted to live abroad? Now may be your best chance.
More countries are inviting travelers to trade their home offices for the opportunity to live and work abroad during the pandemic.
Stanford University economist Nicholas Bloom estimates 42% of the US labor force is now working from home full time. And workers may not be returning to the office anytime soon.
As the pandemic marches on and companies like Facebook announce employees needn’t return to the office until mid-2021 (or never in the case of Twitter), some countries are shifting away from traditional tourism models that rely on a stream of short-term visitors in favor of travelers who are willing to stay for longer periods.
These destinations are enticing this new batch of “digital nomads” with low Covid-19 rates, decreased costs of living and a slower, more relaxed pace of life.
Starting Aug 21, remote workers can apply to live and work on the 35-square-mile island of Anguilla, a British overseas territory that has registered only three Covid-19 cases to date.
A press release issued by the Anguilla Tourist Board on Aug 19 quoted Kenroy Herbert, the board’s chairman, as saying the territory is “targeting a new clientele we call digital nomads, who will come and work remotely from Anguilla on extended stay visas.”
Priority to enter Anguilla is being given to applicants from “low-risk” countries, defined as those with less than 0.2% infection rate, as well as long-stay travelers.
A stay under three months costs $1,000 for individuals and $1,500 for a family of four. Entrance fees, which double for longer stays, cover two Covid-19 tests, a digital work permit and other costs.
Unlike other destinations, Anguilla asks only for a “brief description” of the type of work one will do while there.
Travelers who apply for new year-long work visas to Barbados know within five working days whether their visa request is confirmed.
There is free Wi-Fi throughout the island, including restaurants, cafes, public libraries and public parks. Visa holders can send their children to private schools or pay a small stipend to attend a state-owned public school.
Bermuda is appealing to those working at cramped home offices by touting its pink beaches, crystal waters and 18 miles of walking paths. | 坐在宽敞明亮的度假屋里，落地窗外是碧蓝的天空和清澈的海水，一边敲键盘一边还有阵阵海风吹来，这样的工作环境简直就像在做梦！可如今，这样的机会就摆在眼前。
一直想去国外生活？现在可能是你的最佳机会。
疫情期间越来越多的国家开始邀请人们离开家庭办公室，到国外工作和生活。
斯坦福大学的经济学家尼古拉斯·布鲁姆估计，42%的美国劳动力现在全天在家办公，而且他们应该也不会很快返岗工作。
随着疫情持续蔓延，脸书等公司宣布员工在2021年年中之前无需回归办公室（推特员工则可以永远在家办公），一些国家正从依靠短期客流的传统旅游模式转变为吸引游客停留更长时间的旅游模式。
这些旅游目的地凭借其新冠肺炎感染率低、生活成本低和更放松的慢节奏生活吸引着这批新的“数字游民”。
从8月21日开始，远程工作者可以申请在面积35平方英里的安圭拉岛上工作和生活。安圭拉岛是英国的一个海外领地，到目前为止只报告了三例新冠肺炎病例。
安圭拉旅游局8月19日发布的新闻稿援引局长肯洛伊·赫伯特的话说，这个岛屿“瞄准的新客户群就是所谓的数字游民，他们会申请更长期的居留签证，来安圭拉岛远程工作。”
能够优先通过申请的是那些来自“低风险”国家（新冠肺炎感染率低于0.2%的国家）的游客，以及停留时间较长的游客。
停留时间三个月以内的个人和四口之家分别收费1000美元（约合人民币6767元）和1500美元。停留时间超过三个月的收费加倍，涵盖了两次新冠病毒检测的费用、一张数字工作许可证的办理费和其他开支。
和其他目的地不同，安圭拉只要求“简短描述”本人在那里所做的工作类型。
游客如果申请去巴巴多斯岛的一年期新工作签证，只需五个工作日就能知道申请有没有通过。
岛上有免费的无线网络，覆盖了餐厅、咖啡馆、公共图书馆和公园等场所。签证持有者可以送孩子去私立学校，或支付一小笔补贴金上公立学校。
百慕大群岛则用粉色的海滩、清澈的海水和18英里（约合29公里）长的步行道吸引那些家中办公环境狭小的远程工作者。
怎么样，你动心了吗？
英文来源：CNBC
翻译&编辑：丹妮 |
纽约市议会近日通过一项法案，为减少新冠疫情给纽约餐饮业带来的损失，餐馆可对顾客收取最高10%的“疫情恢复费”。
FILE PHOTO: People eat in outdoor seating outside a restaurant before the city starts phase two of reopening after the lockdown due to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), in the Manhattan borough of New York City, US, June 21, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
New York City diners may soon see a Covid-19 surcharge on their bills as the restaurant industry continues to hobble due to the coronavirus pandemic.
由于新冠疫情，餐饮业的处境仍然艰难，纽约市的食客们可能很快就会在账单上看到“疫情恢复费”。
hobble [ˈhɒbl]：vi.蹒跚；跛行
The New York City Council passed a bill on Wednesday 46-2 that would allow restaurants to charge as much as 10% on customers dining indoors or outdoors to help cover Covid-19 expenses.
纽约市议会上周三（9月16日）以46票赞成、2票反对通过了一项法案，允许餐馆向在室内或室外就餐的顾客收取最高10%的费用，以应对新冠疫情的打击。
Labeled the "COVID-19 Recovery Charge," the surcharge does not add to the bill's overall tax, nor applies to delivery or takeout orders. A restaurant implementing the surcharge is free to use the new funds however it likes, though it must also make it clear that the surcharge is not a substitute for a tip or gratuity for waitstaff.
这项收费被称为“疫情恢复费”，不计入账单的计税总额，也不适用于外卖和外带食物。收取“疫情恢复费”的餐厅可自由支配这笔钱，但必须明确，这项收费不能替代服务员的小费。
Republican City Councilman Joseph Borelli, the bill's prime sponsor, told CNN that the new option will help owners who don't want to go through the trouble of raising prices on their menus.
共和党市议员约瑟夫·伯雷利是该法案的主要发起人，他告诉美国有线电视新闻网（CNN），这项新收费将帮助那些不想给菜单提价的店主。
"New York was actually the only city that we knew of that actually had a ban, a 45-year-old law made when the Department of Consumer Affairs essentially reorganized, and it prevented restaurants, the only industry in New York City, from applying a surcharge," he explained.
他解释说：“实际上，纽约是我们所知道的唯一一个禁止餐饮业收取附加费的城市。这项有45年历史的法律是在消费者事务部重组时制定的，它阻止纽约市的餐饮业申请额外服务费，且只有餐饮业需要遵守这一点。”
"If you go to a hair salon, a gas station, or any other business in the city of New York, the owner is allowed to charge you a surcharge for basically whatever they want," Borelli said. "They obviously have to disclose it and you have to agree to pay it, but they're allowed to. It's only restaurants that are banned from this."
伯雷利说：“如果你去发廊或加油站，或者在纽约市的任何其他店面，老板可以向你收取任何服务的附加费。当然他们必须明确说明，你必须同意支付，但他们可以这样做。只有餐馆不可以。”
FILE PHOTO: A man walks near Nasdaq MarketSite in an empty Times Square as the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak continues in New York City, US, March 29, 2020. REUTERS/Eduardo Munoz/File Photo
Once the bill is signed, restaurants would be able to tack on the surcharge up to 90 days after full indoor dining is restored and there is no longer a statewide disaster emergency declared for the virus.
一旦法案签署，在完全恢复室内就餐90天内，且没有出现全州范围的新冠疫情紧急灾难状态的情况下，餐馆将可以加收这项费用。
Mayor Bill de Blasio is said to support the bill that passed Wednesday, though there are no details yet on when he will sign it.
据称，纽约市长白思豪支持上周三通过的这项法案，不过他何时签署该法案还不清楚。
"We will support the bill as long as there is a guarantee that restaurant workers will at least earn similar wages before the pandemic," said Anthony Advincula, spokesman for Restaurant Opportunities Centers United, a non-profit advocating for higher wages and better working conditions for restaurant workers.
“只要能保证餐厅员工的工资与疫情暴发前差不多，我们就会支持这项法案，”倡导为餐厅员工提高工资和改善工作条件的非营利组织“餐厅机会中心联合会”的发言人安东尼·阿德温库拉说。
Advincula further stressed that proper enforcement is necessary, and said he hopes that customers will realize the surcharge does not go directly to workers per se.
阿德温库拉进一步强调，适当的强制执行是必要的。他说，希望顾客能明白这项收费并不是直接进了员工腰包。
Restaurants could face a civil penalty between $50 and $350 for not adhering to the rules, according to the bill.
根据该法案，不遵守规定的餐馆将面临50美元（约合人民币338元）至350美元的民事罚款。
People visit the Destiny USA mall during the reopening, as the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) restrictions are eased, in Syracuse, New York, US, July 10, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
餐馆要求征收附加费由来已久
Restaurateurs have pushed de Blasio for the option to add surcharges even before the pandemic. In April 2018, more than 200 restaurants signed an open letter to de Blasio pleading that the city allow them to implement an optional surcharge, which is already allowed throughout New York State.
餐馆老板们甚至在疫情暴发前就已经向白思豪施压，要求允许收取附加费。2018年4月，200多家餐厅签署了一封致白思豪的公开信，请求纽约市允许他们收取可选附加费，纽约州已经普遍允许收取这项费用。
Borelli had also introduced a similar bill in 2018 that would allow up to a 5% surcharge, and says he hopes the optional surcharge remains after the pandemic eventually subsides.
伯雷利还在2018年提出了一项类似的法案，允许餐馆收取最高5%的附加费。他说希望在疫情最终平息后，可选附加费仍然存在。
Gov. Andrew Cuomo announced earlier this month that indoor dining can resume on September 30 with strict restrictions, including temperature checks, mandatory collection of contact information for contact tracing purposes, and a 25% capacity limit.
纽约州州长安德鲁·科莫本月早些时候宣布，9月30日可以恢复室内用餐，但有严格的限制，包括体温检查、为追踪接触者而强制收集联系信息，以及25%的客容量限制。
纽约州近64%
餐馆将关门
Despite the city's embrace of outdoor dining, the industry is still in crisis.
尽管纽约市鼓励户外用餐，但餐饮业仍处于危机之中。
According to a survey by the New York State Restaurant Association of 1,000 restaurants across the state, almost 64% of owners said they could close shop by the end of the year without additional financial relief.
根据纽约州餐馆协会对全州1000家餐馆的调查，近64%的店主称如果得不到额外的经济援助，将在年底关门。
For Philippe Massoud, CEO and executive chef of Flatiron District-based ilili, the optional surcharge would allow his business to not "die on the operating table."
菲利普·马苏德是纽约市弗莱提荣区伊利利餐馆的首席执行官兼行政主厨，他认为可选附加费将使他的餐馆不会“死在手术台上”。
"This is not a moneymaker for me, at least in our company's culture. We are using it to deflect costs that we otherwise would not have," he continued.
他继续说道：“这项收费对我来说不是用来赚钱的，至少在我们公司的文化中是这样。我们用它来冲抵原本不会有的成本。”
英文来源：CNN
翻译&编辑：yaning | FILE PHOTO: People eat in outdoor seating outside a restaurant before the city starts phase two of reopening after the lockdown due to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), in the Manhattan borough of New York City, US, June 21, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
New York City diners may soon see a Covid-19 surcharge on their bills as the restaurant industry continues to hobble due to the coronavirus pandemic.
The New York City Council passed a bill on Wednesday 46-2 that would allow restaurants to charge as much as 10% on customers dining indoors or outdoors to help cover Covid-19 expenses.
Labeled the "COVID-19 Recovery Charge," the surcharge does not add to the bill's overall tax, nor applies to delivery or takeout orders. A restaurant implementing the surcharge is free to use the new funds however it likes, though it must also make it clear that the surcharge is not a substitute for a tip or gratuity for waitstaff.
Republican City Councilman Joseph Borelli, the bill's prime sponsor, told CNN that the new option will help owners who don't want to go through the trouble of raising prices on their menus.
"New York was actually the only city that we knew of that actually had a ban, a 45-year-old law made when the Department of Consumer Affairs essentially reorganized, and it prevented restaurants, the only industry in New York City, from applying a surcharge," he explained.
"If you go to a hair salon, a gas station, or any other business in the city of New York, the owner is allowed to charge you a surcharge for basically whatever they want," Borelli said. "They obviously have to disclose it and you have to agree to pay it, but they're allowed to. It's only restaurants that are banned from this."
FILE PHOTO: A man walks near Nasdaq MarketSite in an empty Times Square as the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak continues in New York City, US, March 29, 2020. REUTERS/Eduardo Munoz/File Photo
Once the bill is signed, restaurants would be able to tack on the surcharge up to 90 days after full indoor dining is restored and there is no longer a statewide disaster emergency declared for the virus.
Mayor Bill de Blasio is said to support the bill that passed Wednesday, though there are no details yet on when he will sign it.
"We will support the bill as long as there is a guarantee that restaurant workers will at least earn similar wages before the pandemic," said Anthony Advincula, spokesman for Restaurant Opportunities Centers United, a non-profit advocating for higher wages and better working conditions for restaurant workers.
Advincula further stressed that proper enforcement is necessary, and said he hopes that customers will realize the surcharge does not go directly to workers per se.
Restaurants could face a civil penalty between $50 and $350 for not adhering to the rules, according to the bill.
People visit the Destiny USA mall during the reopening, as the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) restrictions are eased, in Syracuse, New York, US, July 10, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
Restaurateurs have pushed de Blasio for the option to add surcharges even before the pandemic. In April 2018, more than 200 restaurants signed an open letter to de Blasio pleading that the city allow them to implement an optional surcharge, which is already allowed throughout New York State.
Borelli had also introduced a similar bill in 2018 that would allow up to a 5% surcharge, and says he hopes the optional surcharge remains after the pandemic eventually subsides.
Gov. Andrew Cuomo announced earlier this month that indoor dining can resume on September 30 with strict restrictions, including temperature checks, mandatory collection of contact information for contact tracing purposes, and a 25% capacity limit.
Despite the city's embrace of outdoor dining, the industry is still in crisis.
According to a survey by the New York State Restaurant Association of 1,000 restaurants across the state, almost 64% of owners said they could close shop by the end of the year without additional financial relief.
For Philippe Massoud, CEO and executive chef of Flatiron District-based ilili, the optional surcharge would allow his business to not "die on the operating table."
"This is not a moneymaker for me, at least in our company's culture. We are using it to deflect costs that we otherwise would not have," he continued. | 纽约市议会近日通过一项法案，为减少新冠疫情给纽约餐饮业带来的损失，餐馆可对顾客收取最高10%的“疫情恢复费”。
由于新冠疫情，餐饮业的处境仍然艰难，纽约市的食客们可能很快就会在账单上看到“疫情恢复费”。
hobble [ˈhɒbl]：vi.蹒跚；跛行
纽约市议会上周三（9月16日）以46票赞成、2票反对通过了一项法案，允许餐馆向在室内或室外就餐的顾客收取最高10%的费用，以应对新冠疫情的打击。
这项收费被称为“疫情恢复费”，不计入账单的计税总额，也不适用于外卖和外带食物。收取“疫情恢复费”的餐厅可自由支配这笔钱，但必须明确，这项收费不能替代服务员的小费。
共和党市议员约瑟夫·伯雷利是该法案的主要发起人，他告诉美国有线电视新闻网（CNN），这项新收费将帮助那些不想给菜单提价的店主。
他解释说：“实际上，纽约是我们所知道的唯一一个禁止餐饮业收取附加费的城市。这项有45年历史的法律是在消费者事务部重组时制定的，它阻止纽约市的餐饮业申请额外服务费，且只有餐饮业需要遵守这一点。”
伯雷利说：“如果你去发廊或加油站，或者在纽约市的任何其他店面，老板可以向你收取任何服务的附加费。当然他们必须明确说明，你必须同意支付，但他们可以这样做。只有餐馆不可以。”
一旦法案签署，在完全恢复室内就餐90天内，且没有出现全州范围的新冠疫情紧急灾难状态的情况下，餐馆将可以加收这项费用。
据称，纽约市长白思豪支持上周三通过的这项法案，不过他何时签署该法案还不清楚。
“只要能保证餐厅员工的工资与疫情暴发前差不多，我们就会支持这项法案，”倡导为餐厅员工提高工资和改善工作条件的非营利组织“餐厅机会中心联合会”的发言人安东尼·阿德温库拉说。
阿德温库拉进一步强调，适当的强制执行是必要的。他说，希望顾客能明白这项收费并不是直接进了员工腰包。
根据该法案，不遵守规定的餐馆将面临50美元（约合人民币338元）至350美元的民事罚款。
餐馆要求征收附加费由来已久
餐馆老板们甚至在疫情暴发前就已经向白思豪施压，要求允许收取附加费。2018年4月，200多家餐厅签署了一封致白思豪的公开信，请求纽约市允许他们收取可选附加费，纽约州已经普遍允许收取这项费用。
伯雷利还在2018年提出了一项类似的法案，允许餐馆收取最高5%的附加费。他说希望在疫情最终平息后，可选附加费仍然存在。
纽约州州长安德鲁·科莫本月早些时候宣布，9月30日可以恢复室内用餐，但有严格的限制，包括体温检查、为追踪接触者而强制收集联系信息，以及25%的客容量限制。
纽约州近64%
餐馆将关门
尽管纽约市鼓励户外用餐，但餐饮业仍处于危机之中。
根据纽约州餐馆协会对全州1000家餐馆的调查，近64%的店主称如果得不到额外的经济援助，将在年底关门。
菲利普·马苏德是纽约市弗莱提荣区伊利利餐馆的首席执行官兼行政主厨，他认为可选附加费将使他的餐馆不会“死在手术台上”。
他继续说道：“这项收费对我来说不是用来赚钱的，至少在我们公司的文化中是这样。我们用它来冲抵原本不会有的成本。”
英文来源：CNN
翻译&编辑：yaning |
联合国是一个国际性组织，于1945年成立，现有会员国193个。联合国的宗旨和工作以《联合国宪章》中规定的机构目标和原则为出发点。联合国有六个主要机关：大会、安全理事会、经济及社会理事会、托管理事会、国际法院和秘书处，均设立于1945年联合国成立之时。
The United Nations is an international organization founded in 1945. It is currently made up of 193 Member States. The mission and work of the United Nations are guided by the purposes and principles contained in its founding Charter. The main organs of the UN are the General Assembly, the Security Council, the Economic and Social Council, the Trusteeship Council, the International Court of Justice, and the UN Secretariat. All were established in 1945 when the UN was founded. | The United Nations is an international organization founded in 1945. It is currently made up of 193 Member States. The mission and work of the United Nations are guided by the purposes and principles contained in its founding Charter. The main organs of the UN are the General Assembly, the Security Council, the Economic and Social Council, the Trusteeship Council, the International Court of Justice, and the UN Secretariat. All were established in 1945 when the UN was founded. | 联合国是一个国际性组织，于1945年成立，现有会员国193个。联合国的宗旨和工作以《联合国宪章》中规定的机构目标和原则为出发点。联合国有六个主要机关：大会、安全理事会、经济及社会理事会、托管理事会、国际法院和秘书处，均设立于1945年联合国成立之时。 |
2020搞笑诺贝尔奖近日揭晓，来自美国的一名人类学家因制作和测试用冷冻人类粪便制成的刀具而获得了材料科学奖。来看看还有哪些无厘头的搞笑研究吧。
Photo by Sharon McCutcheon on Unsplash
The annals of science brim with researchers who pushed the boundaries of sense and good taste in a quest for knowledge. With the unveiling of the 30th annual Ig Nobel awards, another case shall be added.
每年的搞笑诺贝尔奖都在追求知识的过程中不断拓展感官和品味的边界。随着第30届年度搞笑诺贝尔奖揭晓，我们又将看到更多刷新认知的成果了。
To test the validity of a story in a work of ethnographic literature, Metin Eren, an anthropologist at Kent State University in Ohio, made a knife from his frozen faeces.
为了测试一部人种学著作中一个故事的真实性，美国俄亥俄州肯特州立大学的人类学家梅廷·埃伦用自己冷冻的大便做了一把刀。
ethnographic [ˌeθnəˈɡræfɪk]: adj. 人种志的；民族志学的
"It’s an honour to be recognised,” Eren said, before the ceremony in which he was honoured for his work on Thursday. “I’ve followed the Ig Nobels my entire life. It’s a dream come true. Really.”
“被认可是一种荣誉，”获奖者埃伦在9月17日举行搞笑诺贝尔颁奖礼前表示，“我一生都在追求搞笑诺贝尔奖。梦想成真了。真的。”
Not to be mistaken for the more prestigious – and lucrative – Nobel prizes, to be doled out in Scandinavia next month, the Ig Nobels celebrate research that “first makes people laugh, and then makes them think”.
不要把搞笑诺贝尔奖误认为声望更高、奖金更丰厚的诺贝尔奖，后者将于下个月在斯堪的纳维亚（瑞典）举行。搞笑诺贝尔奖推崇的是“先让人们笑，然后又让人们思考的”研究。
In a ceremony held online, rather than at Harvard University as usual, 10 awards were handed out for notable achievements in physics, psychology, economics, medicine and more. In lieu of a handsome windfall and medal, the winners received a paper cube and a £10tn dollar bill from Zimbabwe.
今年的搞笑诺贝尔奖颁奖礼在网上举行，而不像往年一样在哈佛大学举行。今年为物理学、心理学、经济学、医药学等领域的显著成就颁发了10个奖项。搞笑诺贝尔奖得主获得的不是一大笔奖金和奖章，而是一个纸做的奖杯和10万亿津巴布韦币（相当于人民币2毛钱）。
In lieu of: 代替
This year’s awards included a physics prize for work that recorded the shapes earthworms adopt when vibrated at high frequency. The peace prize honoured the governments of India and Pakistan for having their diplomats ring each other’s doorbells in the middle of the night and run away before anyone answered.
今年搞笑诺贝尔奖的物理学奖颁发给了一项记录蚯蚓在高频颤动时的形状的研究。和平奖颁给了印度和巴基斯坦政府，他们让各自的外交官在午夜按响对方的门铃，然后在有人开门前跑掉。
Chris Watkins, a psychologist at the University of Abertay in UK, shared the economics prize. His research found that french kissing was more common between partners in areas of high income inequality.
英国阿伯泰大学的心理学家克里斯·沃特金斯和他人共同获得了经济学奖。他的研究发现，法式接吻在收入差距大的地区伴侣之间更常见。
The psychology prize went to researchers who discovered a way to identify narcissists from their eyebrows. “It’s exciting, it’s a fun award,” said Miranda Giacomin, who worked on the study at MacEwan University in Alberta, Canada. Her work built on research that found people could sometimes spot narcissists from their facial features. The eyebrows, Giacomin suggests, are key.
心理学奖颁给了发现用眉毛就能识别自恋者的研究人员。开展这一研究的加拿大亚伯达省麦科文大学的米兰达·贾科明表示：“真令人兴奋，这个奖很有趣。”她的成果基于一项研究，该研究发现，人们有时可以通过面部表情识别自恋者。贾科明指出，眉毛是关键。
Richard Vetter, a retired researcher at the University of California, Riverside, claimed the entomology prize for gathering case studies on arachnophobia among insect experts. He concluded that fear of spiders from an early age was not overcome by a career handling insects.
加利福尼亚大学河滨分校的退休研究人员理查德·维特尔获得了昆虫学奖，他对昆虫学家害怕蜘蛛的案例研究进行了归纳总结。结论是，从小对蜘蛛的恐惧心理并不会因为职业与昆虫打交道而被克服。
Yet another gong went to Dutch and Belgian researchers for laying out the diagnosis for misophonia – the distress experienced on hearing another person chew – and showing that talking therapy helps treat it.
同样获得搞笑诺贝尔奖的还有荷兰和比利时的研究人员，他们指出了恐音症（症状是听到别人咀嚼声会感到痛苦）的治疗方法，并表明谈话疗法有助于治愈恐音症。
misophonia: n. 恐音症
"It was a humorous rallying cry for evidence and fact checking,” Eren said of the unfunded work. “It’s a great story of human ingenuity, but we need to question and get evidence for everything that supports stances we hold dear to our heart, especially in these dark days.”
在谈及没有钱的搞笑诺贝尔奖时，埃伦表示：“这是一个呼吁证据和核实的幽默集会。这是一个关于人类创造力的伟大故事，但我们需要提出问题并搜集到所有能支持我们坚守立场的证据，尤其在这样的黑暗时刻。”
英文来源：卫报
翻译&编辑：丹妮 | Photo by Sharon McCutcheon on Unsplash
The annals of science brim with researchers who pushed the boundaries of sense and good taste in a quest for knowledge. With the unveiling of the 30th annual Ig Nobel awards, another case shall be added.
To test the validity of a story in a work of ethnographic literature, Metin Eren, an anthropologist at Kent State University in Ohio, made a knife from his frozen faeces.
"It’s an honour to be recognised,” Eren said, before the ceremony in which he was honoured for his work on Thursday. “I’ve followed the Ig Nobels my entire life. It’s a dream come true. Really.”
Not to be mistaken for the more prestigious – and lucrative – Nobel prizes, to be doled out in Scandinavia next month, the Ig Nobels celebrate research that “first makes people laugh, and then makes them think”.
In a ceremony held online, rather than at Harvard University as usual, 10 awards were handed out for notable achievements in physics, psychology, economics, medicine and more. In lieu of a handsome windfall and medal, the winners received a paper cube and a £10tn dollar bill from Zimbabwe.
This year’s awards included a physics prize for work that recorded the shapes earthworms adopt when vibrated at high frequency. The peace prize honoured the governments of India and Pakistan for having their diplomats ring each other’s doorbells in the middle of the night and run away before anyone answered.
Chris Watkins, a psychologist at the University of Abertay in UK, shared the economics prize. His research found that french kissing was more common between partners in areas of high income inequality.
The psychology prize went to researchers who discovered a way to identify narcissists from their eyebrows. “It’s exciting, it’s a fun award,” said Miranda Giacomin, who worked on the study at MacEwan University in Alberta, Canada. Her work built on research that found people could sometimes spot narcissists from their facial features. The eyebrows, Giacomin suggests, are key.
Richard Vetter, a retired researcher at the University of California, Riverside, claimed the entomology prize for gathering case studies on arachnophobia among insect experts. He concluded that fear of spiders from an early age was not overcome by a career handling insects.
Yet another gong went to Dutch and Belgian researchers for laying out the diagnosis for misophonia – the distress experienced on hearing another person chew – and showing that talking therapy helps treat it.
"It was a humorous rallying cry for evidence and fact checking,” Eren said of the unfunded work. “It’s a great story of human ingenuity, but we need to question and get evidence for everything that supports stances we hold dear to our heart, especially in these dark days.” | 2020搞笑诺贝尔奖近日揭晓，来自美国的一名人类学家因制作和测试用冷冻人类粪便制成的刀具而获得了材料科学奖。来看看还有哪些无厘头的搞笑研究吧。
每年的搞笑诺贝尔奖都在追求知识的过程中不断拓展感官和品味的边界。随着第30届年度搞笑诺贝尔奖揭晓，我们又将看到更多刷新认知的成果了。
为了测试一部人种学著作中一个故事的真实性，美国俄亥俄州肯特州立大学的人类学家梅廷·埃伦用自己冷冻的大便做了一把刀。
ethnographic [ˌeθnəˈɡræfɪk]: adj. 人种志的；民族志学的
“被认可是一种荣誉，”获奖者埃伦在9月17日举行搞笑诺贝尔颁奖礼前表示，“我一生都在追求搞笑诺贝尔奖。梦想成真了。真的。”
不要把搞笑诺贝尔奖误认为声望更高、奖金更丰厚的诺贝尔奖，后者将于下个月在斯堪的纳维亚（瑞典）举行。搞笑诺贝尔奖推崇的是“先让人们笑，然后又让人们思考的”研究。
今年的搞笑诺贝尔奖颁奖礼在网上举行，而不像往年一样在哈佛大学举行。今年为物理学、心理学、经济学、医药学等领域的显著成就颁发了10个奖项。搞笑诺贝尔奖得主获得的不是一大笔奖金和奖章，而是一个纸做的奖杯和10万亿津巴布韦币（相当于人民币2毛钱）。
In lieu of: 代替
今年搞笑诺贝尔奖的物理学奖颁发给了一项记录蚯蚓在高频颤动时的形状的研究。和平奖颁给了印度和巴基斯坦政府，他们让各自的外交官在午夜按响对方的门铃，然后在有人开门前跑掉。
英国阿伯泰大学的心理学家克里斯·沃特金斯和他人共同获得了经济学奖。他的研究发现，法式接吻在收入差距大的地区伴侣之间更常见。
心理学奖颁给了发现用眉毛就能识别自恋者的研究人员。开展这一研究的加拿大亚伯达省麦科文大学的米兰达·贾科明表示：“真令人兴奋，这个奖很有趣。”她的成果基于一项研究，该研究发现，人们有时可以通过面部表情识别自恋者。贾科明指出，眉毛是关键。
加利福尼亚大学河滨分校的退休研究人员理查德·维特尔获得了昆虫学奖，他对昆虫学家害怕蜘蛛的案例研究进行了归纳总结。结论是，从小对蜘蛛的恐惧心理并不会因为职业与昆虫打交道而被克服。
同样获得搞笑诺贝尔奖的还有荷兰和比利时的研究人员，他们指出了恐音症（症状是听到别人咀嚼声会感到痛苦）的治疗方法，并表明谈话疗法有助于治愈恐音症。
misophonia: n. 恐音症
在谈及没有钱的搞笑诺贝尔奖时，埃伦表示：“这是一个呼吁证据和核实的幽默集会。这是一个关于人类创造力的伟大故事，但我们需要提出问题并搜集到所有能支持我们坚守立场的证据，尤其在这样的黑暗时刻。”
英文来源：卫报
翻译&编辑：丹妮 |
美国加州的一场大火，蔓延了近一个月。
截至目前，已造成至少36人丧生，数万人逃离家乡，烧毁了超过460万英亩的土地，相当于24个纽约市……
有人甚至在情急之下跳入冰冷的湖水中，等了将近10个小时才得救……
A firefighter works to extinguish the Bobcat Fire after an evacuation was ordered for the residents of Arcadia, California, US, Sept 13, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
然而，特朗普政府却对问题视而不见：
天气很快就会凉快的，你就等着瞧吧。
It'll start getting cooler. You just watch.
应对自然灾害，美国就只能坐以待毙，指望老天？
好像不只这一条路可以走！
《外交》杂志（Foreign Affairs）在近日发表的文章中，为美国指了另一条路——喊上中国！
《外交》杂志报道题图
这篇题为《从气候层面反对“脱钩”——中美关系恶化将使环境保护难上加难》的文章开篇就点明，
应对气候变化，中国的参与不可或缺
。
文章明确表示，继续与中国互通才是解决气候危机的唯一明确途径。而与中国“脱钩”，无异于杀鸡取卵、竭泽而渔。
Continuing to engage with Chinarepresents the only clear path to addressing the climate crisis.Decoupling, incontrast, would mean pursuing a small victory in the short term and courting disaster in the long term.
文章称，应对气候变化最有希望的方式，就是成立一个由
主要经济体组成的“气候俱乐部”
。
But the most promising way to tackle climate change—the formation of a "climate club" of major economies…
如果与中国“脱钩”，美国及其合作伙伴几乎不可能建立强有力的激励机制吸引中国加入气候俱乐部，从而彻底失去预防最恶劣环境破坏问题的希望。
Decoupling would make it almost impossible for the United States and its partners to create strong incentives for China to participate in a climate club and would thus scotch the best hope for preventing the worst-case scenarios of environmental devastation.
气候变化困扰美国
近几十年来，气候变化对美国造成的影响不容小觑。
仅仅气候变化一项，在未来30年，就将给美国带来巨大的直接伤害，包括人员及财产损失等。
…even if one considers only the direct damage that climate change will likely inflict on the United States in just the next 30 years, the cost in terms of lost lives and property will be massive.
忧思科学家联盟（Union of Concerned Scientists）2018年的一份报告显示，未来30年内，美国超过30万个沿海房屋将面临周期性洪灾的风险，这意味着平均每年至少发生26次洪灾（或每两周一次）。
During that time, according toa 2018 report by the Union ofConcerned Scientists, more than 300,000 coastal homes in the United States willbe at risk ofchronic flooding, meaning a flood event at least 26 times a year—or every two weeks, on average.
美国商品期货交易委员会（CFTC）最新发布的报告显示，
气候变化已经影响到美国经济的各个方面
，包括基础设施建设、农业、居民住房和商业房产，以及公众健康和劳动生产力等。
The nearly 200-page report warned that climate change is already impacting or is anticipated to impact "nearly every facet of the economy", from infrastructure, agriculture, and residential and commercial property to people's health and labor productivity.
CFTC委员之一贝南姆（Rostin Behnam）称：“美国正在不断遭受极端天气事件的打击，从西部的大火到中西部的暴雨，再到墨西哥湾的飓风。”
"Extreme weather events continue to sweep the nation from the severe wildfires of the West to the devastating Midwest derecho and damaging Gulf Coast hurricanes," CFTC Commissioner Rostin Behnam said in a statement.
他还表示：“不断升级的气候事件对我们的金融系统造成直接冲击，破坏经济的持续增长。”
"…escalating weather events also pose significant challenges to our financial system and our ability to sustain long-term economic growth."
美国国防部的多项研究表明，气候变化也导致美国国家安全的威胁成倍增加。
From the standpoint of US national security, climate change also represents a threat multiplier, according to numerous studies by the US Department of Defense.
A man walks by CORT Furniture Outlet on Sutter St as an orange wildfire haze blankets San Francisco, California, US, September 9, 2020 in this image obtained from social media.[Photo/Agencies]
有效的气候政策却沦为政治的牺牲品
尽管如此，美国似乎并未找到应对气候问题的不二法门。
为此，作者发出感慨：很不幸，有效的气候政策已经沦为美国政治困境的牺牲品。
Unfortunately, effective climate policy has fallen victim to a political dilemma in the United States.
这一政治困境指的正是美国政界人士和专家不断讨论的中美“脱钩”问题。
过去几年里，美国政界人士和专家，不断讨论美国是否应该通过切断中美之间的供应链、贸易关系和金融联系，让全球最大的两个经济体“脱钩”，使得世界经济从一个整体分裂成两个独立的势力范围。
The past few years have seen a heated debate among US politicians and analysts about whether the United States should "decouple" from China by severing the supply chains, trade relationships, and financial links that bind together the world's two largest economies, transforming a one-world economy into two separate spheres of influence.
然而，忽略“脱钩”的经济代价是愚蠢的，更愚蠢的是忽视“脱钩”将导致气候变化问题更难得到解决。
…it would be foolish to dismiss the economic costs of decoupling — and even more foolish to ignore the ways in which decoupling would make climate change harder, if not impossible, to address.
首先，“脱钩”代价极其昂贵。供应链将遭到破坏，美国公司在中国市场的销售量将减少，此外，美国大学将失去数十万中国学生。
First, decoupling would be enormously costly. It would disrupt supply chains, reduce the sales figures of US companies in the Chinese markets, and cost American universities hundreds of thousands of Chinese students.
其次，相互依存关系的削弱会增加其自身安全风险：大多数国际关系学者认为，强有力的相互经济联系即使不能完全消除国家间的冲突，也能减少国家间冲突的可能性。
Second, any reduction in interdependence would create security risks of its own: most scholars of international relations believe that strong, mutual economic links reduce the probability of conflict between states, even if they do not eliminate it completely.
美媒给出解决方案：
喊上中国才是唯一途径！
文章称，美国应采取更为明智的外交政策，与欧洲国家一起，建立一个由主要经济体组成的国际气候俱乐部。
The United States should take the first step by working with European countries to create an international climate club of major economies…
俱乐部将要求其成员执行有利于气候的政策，并且对俱乐部以外的所有国家/地区采取关税等边界调整政策。
Membership would obligate countries to enforce certain pro-climate policies, and the club would apply border adjustments, such as tariffs, on all countries outside of the club.
然而，这一策略的成功取决于俱乐部内部的经济规模。只有一个大型集团才能使“脱碳”成为可能。这也意味着，任何成功的气候俱乐部都必须包括中国。
This success of this strategy would depend on the size of the economies inside the club. Only a large group would make sufficient decarbonization possible — and that means that any successful climate club must include China.
所有这一切成立的前提是，美国不与中国经济“脱钩”。
This approach would work, however, only if the United States did not decouple its economy from that of China.
如果两国放弃过去30年来如此紧密联系的贸易和投资，华盛顿将无法轻易说服北京加入气候俱乐部。
If the two countries were to walk away from the trade and investment that have so thoroughly linked them for the past three decades, Washington would have no easy way to persuade Beijing to join the climate club…
编辑：胡雨濛
实习生：李子仪 | A firefighter works to extinguish the Bobcat Fire after an evacuation was ordered for the residents of Arcadia, California, US, Sept 13, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
It'll start getting cooler. You just watch.
。
Continuing to engage with Chinarepresents the only clear path to addressing the climate crisis.Decoupling, incontrast, would mean pursuing a small victory in the short term and courting disaster in the long term.
。
But the most promising way to tackle climate change—the formation of a "climate club" of major economies…
Decoupling would make it almost impossible for the United States and its partners to create strong incentives for China to participate in a climate club and would thus scotch the best hope for preventing the worst-case scenarios of environmental devastation.
…even if one considers only the direct damage that climate change will likely inflict on the United States in just the next 30 years, the cost in terms of lost lives and property will be massive.
During that time, according toa 2018 report by the Union ofConcerned Scientists, more than 300,000 coastal homes in the United States willbe at risk ofchronic flooding, meaning a flood event at least 26 times a year—or every two weeks, on average.
The nearly 200-page report warned that climate change is already impacting or is anticipated to impact "nearly every facet of the economy", from infrastructure, agriculture, and residential and commercial property to people's health and labor productivity.
"Extreme weather events continue to sweep the nation from the severe wildfires of the West to the devastating Midwest derecho and damaging Gulf Coast hurricanes," CFTC Commissioner Rostin Behnam said in a statement.
"…escalating weather events also pose significant challenges to our financial system and our ability to sustain long-term economic growth."
From the standpoint of US national security, climate change also represents a threat multiplier, according to numerous studies by the US Department of Defense.
A man walks by CORT Furniture Outlet on Sutter St as an orange wildfire haze blankets San Francisco, California, US, September 9, 2020 in this image obtained from social media.[Photo/Agencies]
Unfortunately, effective climate policy has fallen victim to a political dilemma in the United States.
The past few years have seen a heated debate among US politicians and analysts about whether the United States should "decouple" from China by severing the supply chains, trade relationships, and financial links that bind together the world's two largest economies, transforming a one-world economy into two separate spheres of influence.
…it would be foolish to dismiss the economic costs of decoupling — and even more foolish to ignore the ways in which decoupling would make climate change harder, if not impossible, to address.
First, decoupling would be enormously costly. It would disrupt supply chains, reduce the sales figures of US companies in the Chinese markets, and cost American universities hundreds of thousands of Chinese students.
Second, any reduction in interdependence would create security risks of its own: most scholars of international relations believe that strong, mutual economic links reduce the probability of conflict between states, even if they do not eliminate it completely.
The United States should take the first step by working with European countries to create an international climate club of major economies…
Membership would obligate countries to enforce certain pro-climate policies, and the club would apply border adjustments, such as tariffs, on all countries outside of the club.
This success of this strategy would depend on the size of the economies inside the club. Only a large group would make sufficient decarbonization possible — and that means that any successful climate club must include China.
This approach would work, however, only if the United States did not decouple its economy from that of China.
If the two countries were to walk away from the trade and investment that have so thoroughly linked them for the past three decades, Washington would have no easy way to persuade Beijing to join the climate club… | 美国加州的一场大火，蔓延了近一个月。
截至目前，已造成至少36人丧生，数万人逃离家乡，烧毁了超过460万英亩的土地，相当于24个纽约市……
有人甚至在情急之下跳入冰冷的湖水中，等了将近10个小时才得救……
然而，特朗普政府却对问题视而不见：
天气很快就会凉快的，你就等着瞧吧。
应对自然灾害，美国就只能坐以待毙，指望老天？
好像不只这一条路可以走！
《外交》杂志（Foreign Affairs）在近日发表的文章中，为美国指了另一条路——喊上中国！
《外交》杂志报道题图
这篇题为《从气候层面反对“脱钩”——中美关系恶化将使环境保护难上加难》的文章开篇就点明，
应对气候变化，中国的参与不可或缺
文章明确表示，继续与中国互通才是解决气候危机的唯一明确途径。而与中国“脱钩”，无异于杀鸡取卵、竭泽而渔。
文章称，应对气候变化最有希望的方式，就是成立一个由
主要经济体组成的“气候俱乐部”
如果与中国“脱钩”，美国及其合作伙伴几乎不可能建立强有力的激励机制吸引中国加入气候俱乐部，从而彻底失去预防最恶劣环境破坏问题的希望。
气候变化困扰美国
近几十年来，气候变化对美国造成的影响不容小觑。
仅仅气候变化一项，在未来30年，就将给美国带来巨大的直接伤害，包括人员及财产损失等。
忧思科学家联盟（Union of Concerned Scientists）2018年的一份报告显示，未来30年内，美国超过30万个沿海房屋将面临周期性洪灾的风险，这意味着平均每年至少发生26次洪灾（或每两周一次）。
美国商品期货交易委员会（CFTC）最新发布的报告显示，
气候变化已经影响到美国经济的各个方面
，包括基础设施建设、农业、居民住房和商业房产，以及公众健康和劳动生产力等。
CFTC委员之一贝南姆（Rostin Behnam）称：“美国正在不断遭受极端天气事件的打击，从西部的大火到中西部的暴雨，再到墨西哥湾的飓风。”
他还表示：“不断升级的气候事件对我们的金融系统造成直接冲击，破坏经济的持续增长。”
美国国防部的多项研究表明，气候变化也导致美国国家安全的威胁成倍增加。
有效的气候政策却沦为政治的牺牲品
尽管如此，美国似乎并未找到应对气候问题的不二法门。
为此，作者发出感慨：很不幸，有效的气候政策已经沦为美国政治困境的牺牲品。
这一政治困境指的正是美国政界人士和专家不断讨论的中美“脱钩”问题。
过去几年里，美国政界人士和专家，不断讨论美国是否应该通过切断中美之间的供应链、贸易关系和金融联系，让全球最大的两个经济体“脱钩”，使得世界经济从一个整体分裂成两个独立的势力范围。
然而，忽略“脱钩”的经济代价是愚蠢的，更愚蠢的是忽视“脱钩”将导致气候变化问题更难得到解决。
首先，“脱钩”代价极其昂贵。供应链将遭到破坏，美国公司在中国市场的销售量将减少，此外，美国大学将失去数十万中国学生。
其次，相互依存关系的削弱会增加其自身安全风险：大多数国际关系学者认为，强有力的相互经济联系即使不能完全消除国家间的冲突，也能减少国家间冲突的可能性。
美媒给出解决方案：
喊上中国才是唯一途径！
文章称，美国应采取更为明智的外交政策，与欧洲国家一起，建立一个由主要经济体组成的国际气候俱乐部。
俱乐部将要求其成员执行有利于气候的政策，并且对俱乐部以外的所有国家/地区采取关税等边界调整政策。
然而，这一策略的成功取决于俱乐部内部的经济规模。只有一个大型集团才能使“脱碳”成为可能。这也意味着，任何成功的气候俱乐部都必须包括中国。
所有这一切成立的前提是，美国不与中国经济“脱钩”。
如果两国放弃过去30年来如此紧密联系的贸易和投资，华盛顿将无法轻易说服北京加入气候俱乐部。
编辑：胡雨濛
实习生：李子仪 |
近日，话题#聊天中的万能语气词#登上热搜。一个“嗐”字，既能表示伤感，也能表示惋惜、悔恨的情绪，让人不得不感慨中文的博大精深。
此外，还有许多网络聊天中必不可少的语气词，功能强大、意味深远，例如：嗯嗯
如果一个“嗯”显得太冷漠，那么就多加一个“嗯”吧
哈哈哈哈哈
如果“哈哈”显得不够真诚，那就打一串的“哈”吧
呵呵，据说是最惹人烦的语气词，但也可能是暴露年龄的语气词
哈，陈述句、祈使句后加一个“哈”，显得不那么强势，“明天交稿哈”
哒，想增加自身可爱度的人士常使用，“萌萌哒”“棒棒哒”……
呢，能让你的语气瞬间软萌下来，“是的呢”“好的呢”……
那么英文中有哪些有趣的高频感叹词（interjection）呢，和双语君一起来学习吧！
Ahem/əˈhem/
Ahem是人在清嗓子时候发出的声音，在对话中通常表示委婉、尴尬或者讽刺意味，同时也用来引起对方注意。
The sound made when a person clears his/her throat, often interjected when speaking or writing to indicate that the next word or phrase is used ironically or euphemistically.
I love my job, ahem.
我热爱我的工作，ahem。
Aww/ô/
Aww既可以表示萌化了，也可以表示心疼、爱怜，一般出现在看到可爱、甜美、感人的事物时。w的个数越多，说话人的情绪越强烈。
An expression of endearment, or when you feel like something is cute/sweet/touching.
Awwww, that puppy is so cute!
Awwww，那只小狗太可爱了！
Blah
/blɑː/
Blah表示废话、空话。如果觉得厌烦，不想重复别人说过的话，可以用blah来代替。
People say blah, blah, blah, when they do not want to give the exact words that somebody has said or written because they think they are not important or are boring.
Nobody is going to pay attention to the meeting because it's the same old blah blah blah.
没有人会认真听会的，因为一直就是那老一套。
Bravo/ˌbrɑːˈvoʊ/
用来表示赞赏、喝彩。
Used to praise someone
You won the race! Bravo!
你赢了比赛！太厉害了！
Boo /buː/
Boo表示喝倒彩，对演员、讲话人等表示不满。
A sound that people make to show that they do not like an actor, speaker, etc.
Jeez/dʒiːz/
类似中文的“哎呀，天呐”，表示愤怒、惊讶等情绪，gee也可以表达这个意思。
Used to express anger, surprise, etc.
Jeez, I wish they'd tell us what the hell is going on.
天呐，我真希望他们告诉我们到底发生了什么。
Nah/nä/
和no一个意思，都表示否定，但发音更为随意，在轻松的语境中更常出现。
Variant spelling of no, representing a dialect or nonstandard pronunciation.
Want a lift?
要我载你一程吗？
Nah, that's ok.
不用啦，我自己可以。
Duh/dʌ/
Duh有两种含义，第一种是对他人的无知和愚蠢表示轻蔑，第二种是当别人指出不言而喻的事情，或者提出答案明显的问题时，作出的讽刺回答，意思是“这还用说/问？”
1. Used to signify a lack of knowledge or comprehension
2. Used in response to something said that is too obvious or self-evident.
How did you get in here?
你是怎么进来的？
Through the door, duh.
当然是从门口进来的啊，duh。
Ew/ˈiːuː/
表示被恶心到。
An expression of disgust.
Eww - these socks smell!
Eww, 这些袜子也太臭了！
Grr/ɡər/
一种低声咆哮，表示愤怒或者烦躁。
Used to express anger or annoyance.
Grrr, I really can't remember this word!
Grrr，我真的记不住这个词啊！
Meh/me/
表示听者对讲话人的内容或者某项提议毫无兴趣。
Expressing a lack of interest or enthusiasm.
Meh. I'm not impressed so far.
Meh，到现在为止我没觉得有什么了不起的。
Ooh la la/u: la ˈla/
这个语气词来自法语，注意重音。
A lightly comical way to refer to something as fancy or special
说到某些精美别致的事物时，一种略显夸张滑稽的说法。
Ooh la la, look at that dress!
哦哟哟, 你瞧那条裙子！
Oops/ʊps/
哎哟，某人摔倒或出了点小差错时的用语。
Used when somebody has almost had an accident, broken sth, etc.
Oops! I almost spilled the wine.
哎哟！我差点把酒洒了。
Ouch/aʊtʃ/
用来表示突然的疼痛。
Used to express sudden pain.
Ouch! That hurt!
哎呦！疼死了！
Pff/f/
表示恼怒、失望或者对荒谬言辞的轻蔑。
An expression of annoyance or disappointment. A dismissive response to a ridiculous comment.
Phew/fjuː/
既可以表示热、累，也可以表示因为某件坏事已经结束或者没有发生而庆幸。
A sound that people make to show that they are hot, tired, or happy that sth bad has finished or did not happen.
Phew, I'm glad that's all over.
Phew，这档事总算结束了！
Psst/pst/
一种轻声引人注意的声音。
The sound people make when they want to attract somebody's attention quietly.
Shh/ʃ/
用来提醒别人小点声，和中文的“嘘”一个意思。
You can say "Shh!" to tell someone to be quiet.
Shh, don't wake Sophia.
嘘，别吵醒Sophia。
Ta-da/täˈdä/
在某人亮相或者即将展示某物时，为了引人注目而发出的声音。
Used typically to call attention to an impressive entrance or a dramatic announcement.
Ta-da! I spent about 15 hours making this dress with the help of my mom.
Ta-da！我花了差不多十五个小时，还有妈妈的帮忙，这条裙子完工啦！
Whoa/wəʊ/
表示惊讶和惊奇。
Can show surprise or amazement
Whoa, that's huge!
哇，可真大啊！
Yay/jeɪ/
因高兴而发出的欢呼声，注意不要和yeah混淆，yeah是yes的变体，表示肯定。
A congratulatory exclamation. (Not to be confused with yeah, a variant of yes.)
Yay I have new clothes to wear!
Yay，我有新衣服穿了！
Yowza/ˈyauzə/
用来表示肯定、激动，或者热情的情绪。
Used to express approval, excitement, or enthusiasm.
Yowza, that is a beautiful gown!
哟呵，这礼服真美啊。
Yuck/jʌk/
表示憎恶、讨厌。
Used to show that you think sth is disgusting or unpleasant.
Yuck. The carrots taste awful and salty.
Yuck，这些胡萝卜又难吃又咸。
Yowza, these people really like this post.
哟呵，点“在看”的手可真不少啊！
这些语气词学会了吗？活用起来吧！
编辑：左卓
实习生：康喆 | The sound made when a person clears his/her throat, often interjected when speaking or writing to indicate that the next word or phrase is used ironically or euphemistically.
I love my job, ahem.
An expression of endearment, or when you feel like something is cute/sweet/touching.
Awwww, that puppy is so cute!
Blah
People say blah, blah, blah, when they do not want to give the exact words that somebody has said or written because they think they are not important or are boring.
Nobody is going to pay attention to the meeting because it's the same old blah blah blah.
Used to praise someone
You won the race! Bravo!
A sound that people make to show that they do not like an actor, speaker, etc.
Used to express anger, surprise, etc.
Jeez, I wish they'd tell us what the hell is going on.
Variant spelling of no, representing a dialect or nonstandard pronunciation.
Want a lift?
Nah, that's ok.
1. Used to signify a lack of knowledge or comprehension
2. Used in response to something said that is too obvious or self-evident.
How did you get in here?
Through the door, duh.
An expression of disgust.
Eww - these socks smell!
Used to express anger or annoyance.
Grrr, I really can't remember this word!
Meh/me/
Expressing a lack of interest or enthusiasm.
Meh. I'm not impressed so far.
A lightly comical way to refer to something as fancy or special
Ooh la la, look at that dress!
Used when somebody has almost had an accident, broken sth, etc.
Oops! I almost spilled the wine.
Used to express sudden pain.
Ouch! That hurt!
Pff/f/
An expression of annoyance or disappointment. A dismissive response to a ridiculous comment.
A sound that people make to show that they are hot, tired, or happy that sth bad has finished or did not happen.
Phew, I'm glad that's all over.
Psst/pst/
The sound people make when they want to attract somebody's attention quietly.
You can say "Shh!" to tell someone to be quiet.
Shh, don't wake Sophia.
Used typically to call attention to an impressive entrance or a dramatic announcement.
Ta-da! I spent about 15 hours making this dress with the help of my mom.
Can show surprise or amazement
Whoa, that's huge!
A congratulatory exclamation. (Not to be confused with yeah, a variant of yes.)
Yay I have new clothes to wear!
Used to express approval, excitement, or enthusiasm.
Yowza, that is a beautiful gown!
Used to show that you think sth is disgusting or unpleasant.
Yuck. The carrots taste awful and salty.
Yowza, these people really like this post. | 近日，话题#聊天中的万能语气词#登上热搜。一个“嗐”字，既能表示伤感，也能表示惋惜、悔恨的情绪，让人不得不感慨中文的博大精深。
此外，还有许多网络聊天中必不可少的语气词，功能强大、意味深远，例如：嗯嗯
如果一个“嗯”显得太冷漠，那么就多加一个“嗯”吧
哈哈哈哈哈
如果“哈哈”显得不够真诚，那就打一串的“哈”吧
呵呵，据说是最惹人烦的语气词，但也可能是暴露年龄的语气词
哈，陈述句、祈使句后加一个“哈”，显得不那么强势，“明天交稿哈”
哒，想增加自身可爱度的人士常使用，“萌萌哒”“棒棒哒”……
呢，能让你的语气瞬间软萌下来，“是的呢”“好的呢”……
那么英文中有哪些有趣的高频感叹词（interjection）呢，和双语君一起来学习吧！
Ahem/əˈhem/
Ahem是人在清嗓子时候发出的声音，在对话中通常表示委婉、尴尬或者讽刺意味，同时也用来引起对方注意。
我热爱我的工作，ahem。
Aww/ô/
Aww既可以表示萌化了，也可以表示心疼、爱怜，一般出现在看到可爱、甜美、感人的事物时。w的个数越多，说话人的情绪越强烈。
Awwww，那只小狗太可爱了！
/blɑː/
Blah表示废话、空话。如果觉得厌烦，不想重复别人说过的话，可以用blah来代替。
没有人会认真听会的，因为一直就是那老一套。
Bravo/ˌbrɑːˈvoʊ/
用来表示赞赏、喝彩。
你赢了比赛！太厉害了！
Boo /buː/
Boo表示喝倒彩，对演员、讲话人等表示不满。
Jeez/dʒiːz/
类似中文的“哎呀，天呐”，表示愤怒、惊讶等情绪，gee也可以表达这个意思。
天呐，我真希望他们告诉我们到底发生了什么。
Nah/nä/
和no一个意思，都表示否定，但发音更为随意，在轻松的语境中更常出现。
要我载你一程吗？
不用啦，我自己可以。
Duh/dʌ/
Duh有两种含义，第一种是对他人的无知和愚蠢表示轻蔑，第二种是当别人指出不言而喻的事情，或者提出答案明显的问题时，作出的讽刺回答，意思是“这还用说/问？”
你是怎么进来的？
当然是从门口进来的啊，duh。
Ew/ˈiːuː/
表示被恶心到。
Eww, 这些袜子也太臭了！
Grr/ɡər/
一种低声咆哮，表示愤怒或者烦躁。
Grrr，我真的记不住这个词啊！
表示听者对讲话人的内容或者某项提议毫无兴趣。
Meh，到现在为止我没觉得有什么了不起的。
Ooh la la/u: la ˈla/
这个语气词来自法语，注意重音。
说到某些精美别致的事物时，一种略显夸张滑稽的说法。
哦哟哟, 你瞧那条裙子！
Oops/ʊps/
哎哟，某人摔倒或出了点小差错时的用语。
哎哟！我差点把酒洒了。
Ouch/aʊtʃ/
用来表示突然的疼痛。
哎呦！疼死了！
表示恼怒、失望或者对荒谬言辞的轻蔑。
Phew/fjuː/
既可以表示热、累，也可以表示因为某件坏事已经结束或者没有发生而庆幸。
Phew，这档事总算结束了！
一种轻声引人注意的声音。
Shh/ʃ/
用来提醒别人小点声，和中文的“嘘”一个意思。
嘘，别吵醒Sophia。
Ta-da/täˈdä/
在某人亮相或者即将展示某物时，为了引人注目而发出的声音。
Ta-da！我花了差不多十五个小时，还有妈妈的帮忙，这条裙子完工啦！
Whoa/wəʊ/
表示惊讶和惊奇。
哇，可真大啊！
Yay/jeɪ/
因高兴而发出的欢呼声，注意不要和yeah混淆，yeah是yes的变体，表示肯定。
Yay，我有新衣服穿了！
Yowza/ˈyauzə/
用来表示肯定、激动，或者热情的情绪。
哟呵，这礼服真美啊。
Yuck/jʌk/
表示憎恶、讨厌。
Yuck，这些胡萝卜又难吃又咸。
哟呵，点“在看”的手可真不少啊！
这些语气词学会了吗？活用起来吧！
编辑：左卓
实习生：康喆 |
根据联合国粮农组织的数据，过去20年间，全球森林覆盖面积减少了近1亿公顷，尽管减少的速度低于以往，但在稳步下降。毁坏森林对撒哈拉以南非洲和东南亚的影响尤其严重。
A cut tree falling in Amazonas jungle, Brazil, July 28, 2008. [Photo/IC]
The world has lost nearly 100 million hectares of forests in two decades, marking a steady decline though at a slower pace than before, a UN agency reported Tuesday.
联合国粮农组织周二（9月15日）报告称，全球森林面积在20年间减少了近1亿公顷，这标志着尽管减少的速度低于以往，但森林面积在稳步下降。
The proportion of forest to total land area fell from 31.9 percent in 2000 to 31.2 percent in 2020, now some 4.1 billion hectares, according to the Food and Agriculture Organization.
根据联合国粮农组织的数据，全球森林面积目前约为41亿公顷，占土地总面积的比例已经从2000年的31.9%降至2020年的31.2%。
It marks "a net loss of almost 100 million hectares of the world’s forests," the FAO said.
联合国粮农组织表示，这标志着“全球森林面积净减少了近1亿公顷”。
Logs cut from the Amazon rainforest are laid out near the BR-319 highway in the city of Realidade, Amazonas state, Brazil, Aug 22, 2019. [Photo/Agencies]
Deforestation has hit particularly hard sub-Saharan Africa and southeast Asia, where it has accelerated in the last decade, but also Latin and Central America, where it has nonetheless slowed down.
森林砍伐对撒哈拉以南非洲和东南亚的影响尤为严重。在过去十年间，这些地区的森林砍伐速度有所加快，但拉丁美洲和中美洲的森林砍伐速度却有所放缓。
Forests are being cut down mainly to make way for crops or farm animals, especially in less developed countries.
森林砍伐主要是为了种植庄稼或饲养家畜，特别是在欠发达国家。
In southeast Asia, forest now covers 47.8 percent of the land compared to 49 percent in 2015. In sub-Saharan Africa, it covers 27.8 percent compared to 28.7 percent five years ago.
在东南亚，森林覆盖率从2015年的49%下降到现在的47.8%。在撒哈拉以南非洲地区，这一比例从五年前的28.7%下降到27.8%。
In Indonesia, it is 50.9 percent, down from 52.5 percent. In Malaysia, it is 58.2 percent, down from 59.2 percent five years ago.
在印度尼西亚，这一比例从52.5%降至50.9%。在马来西亚，这一比例为58.2%，低于五年前的59.2%。
A country strongly focused on agriculture like the Cote d'Ivoire has seen forests reduced to 8.9 percent of the total land area from 10.7 percent in 2015. Kenya, Mali and Rwanda have largely held firm against forest loss.
像科特迪瓦这样高度重视农业的国家，森林占国土面积的比例已经从2015年的10.7%降至8.9%。肯尼亚、马里和卢旺达一直全力反对森林砍伐。
In Latin and Central America, forest covers only 46.7 percent of the total land, compared to 47.4 percent five years ago.
在拉丁美洲和中美洲，森林面积只占土地总面积的46.7%，而五年前这一比例为47.4%。
In Brazil, forests declined to 59.4 percent of the country's territory in 2020 from 60.3 percent in 2015. In Haiti, deforestation has continued apace -- falling to 12.6 percent of the total land area from 13.2 percent in 2015.
在巴西，森林覆盖率从2015年的60.3%下降到2020年的59.4%。在海地，森林砍伐持续加速，森林覆盖率从2015年的13.2%下降到12.6%。
In contrast, in many parts of Asia, Europe and North America forest area has increased or stayed the same in the last five years with policies to restore woodland and allow forests to expand naturally.
相比之下，在亚洲、欧洲和北美洲的许多地区，由于政策鼓励恢复林地，让森林自然扩张，森林覆盖率在过去五年间上升或持平。
Forests have recovered on the mountains in Chengkou county, Chongqing. TAO MING/XINHUA
In China, forests make up 23.3 percent, up from 22.3 percent in 2015. In Japan, they account for 68.4 percent, the same as it was five years ago.
在中国，森林覆盖率从2015年的22.3%上升到23.3%。在日本，这一比例为68.4%，与五年前持平。
In France, forests cover 31.5 percent of the land in 2020, up from 30.7 percent in 2015. In Italy, they make up 32.5 percent of the national territory, up from 31.6 five years ago.
在法国，森林覆盖率从2015年的30.7%上升到2020年的31.5%。在意大利，这一比例从五年前的31.6%上升到32.5%。
In Britain, they make up 13.2 percent, up from 13 percent five years ago.
在英国，这一比例为13.2%，高于五年前的13%。
In Canada, it is unchanged at 38.2 percent, and in the United States, unchanged at 33.9 percent.
在加拿大和美国，这一比例分别保持在38.2%和33.9%。
In Australia the figure rose from 17.3 to 17.4 percent and in New Zealand from 37.4 percent to 37.6 percent over the five years.
在澳大利亚，这一比例在五年内从17.3%上升到17.4%，在新西兰，这一比例从37.4%上升到37.6%。
英文来源：法新社
翻译&编辑：yaning | A cut tree falling in Amazonas jungle, Brazil, July 28, 2008. [Photo/IC]
The world has lost nearly 100 million hectares of forests in two decades, marking a steady decline though at a slower pace than before, a UN agency reported Tuesday.
The proportion of forest to total land area fell from 31.9 percent in 2000 to 31.2 percent in 2020, now some 4.1 billion hectares, according to the Food and Agriculture Organization.
It marks "a net loss of almost 100 million hectares of the world’s forests," the FAO said.
Logs cut from the Amazon rainforest are laid out near the BR-319 highway in the city of Realidade, Amazonas state, Brazil, Aug 22, 2019. [Photo/Agencies]
Deforestation has hit particularly hard sub-Saharan Africa and southeast Asia, where it has accelerated in the last decade, but also Latin and Central America, where it has nonetheless slowed down.
Forests are being cut down mainly to make way for crops or farm animals, especially in less developed countries.
In southeast Asia, forest now covers 47.8 percent of the land compared to 49 percent in 2015. In sub-Saharan Africa, it covers 27.8 percent compared to 28.7 percent five years ago.
In Indonesia, it is 50.9 percent, down from 52.5 percent. In Malaysia, it is 58.2 percent, down from 59.2 percent five years ago.
A country strongly focused on agriculture like the Cote d'Ivoire has seen forests reduced to 8.9 percent of the total land area from 10.7 percent in 2015. Kenya, Mali and Rwanda have largely held firm against forest loss.
In Latin and Central America, forest covers only 46.7 percent of the total land, compared to 47.4 percent five years ago.
In Brazil, forests declined to 59.4 percent of the country's territory in 2020 from 60.3 percent in 2015. In Haiti, deforestation has continued apace -- falling to 12.6 percent of the total land area from 13.2 percent in 2015.
In contrast, in many parts of Asia, Europe and North America forest area has increased or stayed the same in the last five years with policies to restore woodland and allow forests to expand naturally.
Forests have recovered on the mountains in Chengkou county, Chongqing. TAO MING/XINHUA
In China, forests make up 23.3 percent, up from 22.3 percent in 2015. In Japan, they account for 68.4 percent, the same as it was five years ago.
In France, forests cover 31.5 percent of the land in 2020, up from 30.7 percent in 2015. In Italy, they make up 32.5 percent of the national territory, up from 31.6 five years ago.
In Britain, they make up 13.2 percent, up from 13 percent five years ago.
In Canada, it is unchanged at 38.2 percent, and in the United States, unchanged at 33.9 percent.
In Australia the figure rose from 17.3 to 17.4 percent and in New Zealand from 37.4 percent to 37.6 percent over the five years. | 根据联合国粮农组织的数据，过去20年间，全球森林覆盖面积减少了近1亿公顷，尽管减少的速度低于以往，但在稳步下降。毁坏森林对撒哈拉以南非洲和东南亚的影响尤其严重。
联合国粮农组织周二（9月15日）报告称，全球森林面积在20年间减少了近1亿公顷，这标志着尽管减少的速度低于以往，但森林面积在稳步下降。
根据联合国粮农组织的数据，全球森林面积目前约为41亿公顷，占土地总面积的比例已经从2000年的31.9%降至2020年的31.2%。
联合国粮农组织表示，这标志着“全球森林面积净减少了近1亿公顷”。
森林砍伐对撒哈拉以南非洲和东南亚的影响尤为严重。在过去十年间，这些地区的森林砍伐速度有所加快，但拉丁美洲和中美洲的森林砍伐速度却有所放缓。
森林砍伐主要是为了种植庄稼或饲养家畜，特别是在欠发达国家。
在东南亚，森林覆盖率从2015年的49%下降到现在的47.8%。在撒哈拉以南非洲地区，这一比例从五年前的28.7%下降到27.8%。
在印度尼西亚，这一比例从52.5%降至50.9%。在马来西亚，这一比例为58.2%，低于五年前的59.2%。
像科特迪瓦这样高度重视农业的国家，森林占国土面积的比例已经从2015年的10.7%降至8.9%。肯尼亚、马里和卢旺达一直全力反对森林砍伐。
在拉丁美洲和中美洲，森林面积只占土地总面积的46.7%，而五年前这一比例为47.4%。
在巴西，森林覆盖率从2015年的60.3%下降到2020年的59.4%。在海地，森林砍伐持续加速，森林覆盖率从2015年的13.2%下降到12.6%。
相比之下，在亚洲、欧洲和北美洲的许多地区，由于政策鼓励恢复林地，让森林自然扩张，森林覆盖率在过去五年间上升或持平。
在中国，森林覆盖率从2015年的22.3%上升到23.3%。在日本，这一比例为68.4%，与五年前持平。
在法国，森林覆盖率从2015年的30.7%上升到2020年的31.5%。在意大利，这一比例从五年前的31.6%上升到32.5%。
在英国，这一比例为13.2%，高于五年前的13%。
在加拿大和美国，这一比例分别保持在38.2%和33.9%。
在澳大利亚，这一比例在五年内从17.3%上升到17.4%，在新西兰，这一比例从37.4%上升到37.6%。
英文来源：法新社
翻译&编辑：yaning |
因疫情需要，越来越多的机器人服务员在餐厅上岗。它们可以接单、准备食物和送餐，在提供无接触式服务的同时还可以增加餐厅人气。
腾讯视频截图
Customers at a fast-food chain in South Korea can avoid any interaction with a human server during the pandemic. No Brand Burger is using robots to take orders, prepare food and bring meals out to diners.
韩国快餐连锁店No Brand 汉堡店用机器人接单、准备食物和给顾客送餐，这样顾客就可以避免与人类服务员产生任何互动。
Customers order and pay via touchscreen, then their request is sent to the kitchen where a cooking machine heats up the buns and patties.
顾客通过触摸屏下单并支付，然后订单就会送到厨房，厨房里的烹饪机器会加热小圆面包和肉饼。
When it's ready, a robot 'waiter' brings out their takeout bag.
准备好后，机器人“服务员”会将外卖送过来。
Human workers add toppings to the burgers and wrap them up in takeout bags before passing them over to serving robots.
工作人员负责在汉堡上淋上浇头，将其用外卖袋包装好，然后“交给”机器人服务员。
Last month, takeout orders at No Brand accounted for 58 percent total sales, up from 42 percent in July, according to the chain's parent company, Shinsegae Food.
根据No Brand汉堡店所属的新世界集团食品部的数据，上个月No Brand的外卖订单占了总销量的58%，相比七月份的42%上升了。
After a recent second wave of coronavirus infections, restaurants in South Korea were only allowed to provide takeout and delivery after 9pm - a restriction that was only lifted Monday.
在近期暴发第二波新冠疫情后，韩国只允许餐厅在晚上9点后提供外卖和送货服务，这一限制令刚刚于9月14日解除。
腾讯视频截图
Other eateries in Asia have started employing robot servers during the pandemic.
亚洲的其他一些餐厅已经开始在疫情期间启用机器人服务员。
In South Korea, the Italian restaurant chain Mad for Garlic is using serving robots even for sit-down customers.
在韩国，大蒜主题意式餐厅甚至让机器人为堂食顾客服务。
Using 3D space mapping and other technology, the electronic 'waiter,' known as Aglio Kim, navigates between tables with up to five orders.
名为阿利奥·金的机器人服务员运用三维空间映射等技术在餐桌之间穿梭，一次最多可以接5份订单。
Mad for Garlic manager Lee Young-ho said kids especially like the robots, which can carry up to 66lbs in their trays.
大蒜餐厅经理李英浩说，孩子们特别喜欢这些机器人，它们的盘子里可盛放重达66磅（约30千克）的食物。
Initially South Korea had been doing well against the virus, but in August, the number of reported infections nearly doubled, from 56 to 103, in just two days. It reached a peak of 441 cases on August 26 before ticking back down to at least 100 new infections per day.
最初韩国的抗疫局面一直不错，但八月份报告的新增病例数几乎翻了一番，两天内就从56例增至103例。8月26日韩国新增确诊病例达到了441例的高峰，之后又回落到每日新增至少100例的水平。
That month, the health ministry banned large gatherings and shuttered nightclubs, churches and beaches to turn the tide.
为了扭转局势，八月份韩国卫生部禁止了大型聚会，关闭了夜总会、教堂和海滩。
To date, the country of 50 million has had 22,504 reported cases of COVID-19 and 367 deaths, 42 of which were in Seoul.
到目前为止，拥有5000万人口的韩国新冠肺炎确诊病例累计达22504例，死亡367例，其中有42例在首尔。
英文来源：每日邮报
翻译&编辑：丹妮 | Customers at a fast-food chain in South Korea can avoid any interaction with a human server during the pandemic. No Brand Burger is using robots to take orders, prepare food and bring meals out to diners.
Customers order and pay via touchscreen, then their request is sent to the kitchen where a cooking machine heats up the buns and patties.
When it's ready, a robot 'waiter' brings out their takeout bag.
Human workers add toppings to the burgers and wrap them up in takeout bags before passing them over to serving robots.
Last month, takeout orders at No Brand accounted for 58 percent total sales, up from 42 percent in July, according to the chain's parent company, Shinsegae Food.
After a recent second wave of coronavirus infections, restaurants in South Korea were only allowed to provide takeout and delivery after 9pm - a restriction that was only lifted Monday.
Other eateries in Asia have started employing robot servers during the pandemic.
In South Korea, the Italian restaurant chain Mad for Garlic is using serving robots even for sit-down customers.
Using 3D space mapping and other technology, the electronic 'waiter,' known as Aglio Kim, navigates between tables with up to five orders.
Mad for Garlic manager Lee Young-ho said kids especially like the robots, which can carry up to 66lbs in their trays.
Initially South Korea had been doing well against the virus, but in August, the number of reported infections nearly doubled, from 56 to 103, in just two days. It reached a peak of 441 cases on August 26 before ticking back down to at least 100 new infections per day.
That month, the health ministry banned large gatherings and shuttered nightclubs, churches and beaches to turn the tide.
To date, the country of 50 million has had 22,504 reported cases of COVID-19 and 367 deaths, 42 of which were in Seoul. | 因疫情需要，越来越多的机器人服务员在餐厅上岗。它们可以接单、准备食物和送餐，在提供无接触式服务的同时还可以增加餐厅人气。
腾讯视频截图
韩国快餐连锁店No Brand 汉堡店用机器人接单、准备食物和给顾客送餐，这样顾客就可以避免与人类服务员产生任何互动。
顾客通过触摸屏下单并支付，然后订单就会送到厨房，厨房里的烹饪机器会加热小圆面包和肉饼。
准备好后，机器人“服务员”会将外卖送过来。
工作人员负责在汉堡上淋上浇头，将其用外卖袋包装好，然后“交给”机器人服务员。
根据No Brand汉堡店所属的新世界集团食品部的数据，上个月No Brand的外卖订单占了总销量的58%，相比七月份的42%上升了。
在近期暴发第二波新冠疫情后，韩国只允许餐厅在晚上9点后提供外卖和送货服务，这一限制令刚刚于9月14日解除。
腾讯视频截图
亚洲的其他一些餐厅已经开始在疫情期间启用机器人服务员。
在韩国，大蒜主题意式餐厅甚至让机器人为堂食顾客服务。
名为阿利奥·金的机器人服务员运用三维空间映射等技术在餐桌之间穿梭，一次最多可以接5份订单。
大蒜餐厅经理李英浩说，孩子们特别喜欢这些机器人，它们的盘子里可盛放重达66磅（约30千克）的食物。
最初韩国的抗疫局面一直不错，但八月份报告的新增病例数几乎翻了一番，两天内就从56例增至103例。8月26日韩国新增确诊病例达到了441例的高峰，之后又回落到每日新增至少100例的水平。
为了扭转局势，八月份韩国卫生部禁止了大型聚会，关闭了夜总会、教堂和海滩。
到目前为止，拥有5000万人口的韩国新冠肺炎确诊病例累计达22504例，死亡367例，其中有42例在首尔。
英文来源：每日邮报
翻译&编辑：丹妮 |
当地时间9月16日，经合组织发布了《经济展望中期报告》，将全球2020年GDP变动预期从下滑6%上调至下滑4.5%，2021年经济增长预期同步上调至5%。此外，报告指出，按照目前的经济和疫情态势，中国将是2020年二十国集团中唯一实现正增长的国家。
A traveller wearing a face mask walks at the Terminal 5 at Heathrow Airport, as the spread of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) continues, in London, Britain, July 26, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
The huge shock to many of the world's biggest economies from the coronavirus pandemic may not be quite as bad as economists feared just a few months ago.
新冠肺炎疫情对世界上许多大型经济体的巨大冲击，可能没有几个月前经济学家担心的那么严重。
In a report published on Wednesday, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development upgraded its forecast for global economic output this year, noting that while declines were still "unprecedented in recent history," the outlook has improved slightly since June.
在周三（9月16日）发布的一份报告中，经济合作与发展组织（OECD）上调了对今年全球经济产出的预测，并指出，尽管降幅仍是“近年来前所未有的”，但前景自6月以来略有改善。
The Paris-based agency said it now expects the world economy to shrink by 4.5% in 2020 before expanding by 5% in 2021. Previously, the OECD said it thought the global economy would contract by 6% this year and grow 5.2% next year.
总部位于巴黎的经合组织说，预计2020年全球经济将下滑4.5%，2021年将增长5%。此前，经合组织认为全球经济今年将下滑6%，明年将增长5.2%。
But the agency, which represents the world's biggest economies, warned that headline figures mask major discrepancies. While it significantly boosted its 2020 forecasts for the United States and China, and slightly raised the outlook for Europe, the OECD lowered its expectations for developing countries such as Mexico, Argentina, India, South Africa, Indonesia and Saudi Arabia.
但代表全球最大经济体的经合组织警告称，整体数据掩盖了重大差异。尽管经合组织大幅提高了对美国和中国2020年的预测，并略微提高了对欧洲的展望，但降低了对墨西哥、阿根廷、印度、南非、印度尼西亚和沙特阿拉伯等发展中国家的预期。
OECD economists said the downgrades reflected "the prolonged spread of the virus, high levels of poverty and informality, and stricter confinement measures for an extended period."
经合组织的经济学家表示，预期的下调反映了“病毒的长期传播、高度贫困和非正规性，以及更为严格的限制措施实行期延长”。
Customers wait in line to enter a Louis Vuitton store in a mall in Wuhan, Hubei province, on Sept 5. [Photo/Agencies]
China is the only G20 country for which output is projected to rise in 2020, with its economy growing 1.8%, compared to a 3.8% contraction in the United States and a 7.9% decline among the 19 countries that use the euro. Beijing reported Tuesday that retail sales were higher in August than they had been the previous year — the first time sales have increased in 2020.
在二十国集团中，经合组织预计只有中国的2020年经济产出将增长，预期经济增长率为1.8%，相比之下，美国经济预期将下滑3.8%，19个欧元区国家将下滑7.9%。根据中国政府周二（9月15日）发布的报告，中国8月份零售业销售额高于去年同期，这是2020年零售额首次出现增长。
The OECD noted the earlier timing of the country's outbreak and its ability to swiftly bring it under control, as well as policies that paved the way for a rapid bounce back in activity, pointing to strong infrastructure investment in particular.
经合组织指出，中国疫情暴发时间较早，但有能力迅速控制住，并出台了相关政策为经济活动迅速恢复铺平道路，尤其是强有力的基础设施投资。
Meanwhile, South Africa's economy could shrink by 11.5% this year, according to the OECD. Mexico and India's economies are both on track for a 10.2% contraction. That's worse than the forecasts for developed economies with the exception of Italy, which is due to shrink 10.5% after it was hit hard by the virus.
与此同时，根据经合组织的数据，南非经济今年或将下滑11.5%。墨西哥和印度的经济预计将下滑10.2%。这比除意大利以外的其他发达经济体的预期更糟糕，意大利受到疫情重创，预期经济将下滑10.5%。
图片来源：经合组织
经济不确定性仍然很高
The OECD cautioned that its outlook is far from set, and much depends on the trajectory of Covid-19 infections and ongoing support from policymakers. It added that the global recovery "lost some momentum over the summer months" after an initial burst of activity.
经合组织警告说，经济前景还远未确定，在很大程度上取决于新冠疫情的进展和政策制定者的持续支持。该组织补充说，在最初的经济重启措施后，全球经济复苏的步伐“在夏季出现放缓的迹象”。
"A recovery is now under way following the easing of strict confinement measures and the reopening of businesses, but uncertainty remains high and confidence is still fragile," the agency said in its report.
经合组织在报告中表示：“在严格的限制措施放松、企业重新开业后，经济正在复苏，但不确定性仍然很高，人们的信心仍然很脆弱。”
Some of its estimates are also contingent on policy assumptions that may not materialize.
经合组织的一些预测所基于的政策假设也可能无法实现。
contingent [kənˈtɪndʒənt]：adj.以事实为依据的；依情况而变的
The OECD assumes, for example, that the United Kingdom will reach a "basic" free trade agreement for goods with the European Union. But talks could be crushed by a controversial bill introduced by Prime Minister Boris Johnson's government.
例如，经合组织假设，英国将与欧盟达成一项“基本”的货物自由贸易协定。但英国政府提出的一项有争议的法案可能会使谈判破裂。
The agency expects the UK economy to shrink by 10.1% this year, a slight improvement over its last estimate.
经合组织预计今年英国经济将下滑10.1%，比之前的预计略有改善。
The OECD is also counting on US lawmakers to approve another stimulus package worth up to $1.5 trillion this fall, though negotiations have reached an impasse. Reaching an agreement may be more difficult as the November election approaches.
经合组织还寄希望于美国在今年秋天批准另一项高达1.5万亿美元（约合人民币10万亿元）的经济刺激计划，但是谈判已陷入僵局。随着11月美国总统大选的临近，达成协议可能会更加困难。
The group's predictions for the global recovery in 2021 are slightly lower than they were in June. OECD economists made clear they see a long road ahead.
经合组织对2021年全球经济复苏的预测比6月份时略低。该组织的经济学家们明确表示，他们认为经济复苏路漫漫。
"In most economies, the level of output at the end of 2021 is projected to remain below that at the end of 2019, and considerably weaker than projected prior to the pandemic, highlighting the risk of long-lasting costs from the pandemic," the report said.
报告称：“大多数经济体2021年底的经济产出水平预计仍将低于2019年底，且大幅低于疫情暴发前的预期，这凸显出疫情带来的长期成本风险。”
英文来源：CNN
翻译&编辑：yaning | A traveller wearing a face mask walks at the Terminal 5 at Heathrow Airport, as the spread of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) continues, in London, Britain, July 26, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
The huge shock to many of the world's biggest economies from the coronavirus pandemic may not be quite as bad as economists feared just a few months ago.
In a report published on Wednesday, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development upgraded its forecast for global economic output this year, noting that while declines were still "unprecedented in recent history," the outlook has improved slightly since June.
The Paris-based agency said it now expects the world economy to shrink by 4.5% in 2020 before expanding by 5% in 2021. Previously, the OECD said it thought the global economy would contract by 6% this year and grow 5.2% next year.
But the agency, which represents the world's biggest economies, warned that headline figures mask major discrepancies. While it significantly boosted its 2020 forecasts for the United States and China, and slightly raised the outlook for Europe, the OECD lowered its expectations for developing countries such as Mexico, Argentina, India, South Africa, Indonesia and Saudi Arabia.
OECD economists said the downgrades reflected "the prolonged spread of the virus, high levels of poverty and informality, and stricter confinement measures for an extended period."
Customers wait in line to enter a Louis Vuitton store in a mall in Wuhan, Hubei province, on Sept 5. [Photo/Agencies]
China is the only G20 country for which output is projected to rise in 2020, with its economy growing 1.8%, compared to a 3.8% contraction in the United States and a 7.9% decline among the 19 countries that use the euro. Beijing reported Tuesday that retail sales were higher in August than they had been the previous year — the first time sales have increased in 2020.
The OECD noted the earlier timing of the country's outbreak and its ability to swiftly bring it under control, as well as policies that paved the way for a rapid bounce back in activity, pointing to strong infrastructure investment in particular.
Meanwhile, South Africa's economy could shrink by 11.5% this year, according to the OECD. Mexico and India's economies are both on track for a 10.2% contraction. That's worse than the forecasts for developed economies with the exception of Italy, which is due to shrink 10.5% after it was hit hard by the virus.
The OECD cautioned that its outlook is far from set, and much depends on the trajectory of Covid-19 infections and ongoing support from policymakers. It added that the global recovery "lost some momentum over the summer months" after an initial burst of activity.
"A recovery is now under way following the easing of strict confinement measures and the reopening of businesses, but uncertainty remains high and confidence is still fragile," the agency said in its report.
Some of its estimates are also contingent on policy assumptions that may not materialize.
The OECD assumes, for example, that the United Kingdom will reach a "basic" free trade agreement for goods with the European Union. But talks could be crushed by a controversial bill introduced by Prime Minister Boris Johnson's government.
The agency expects the UK economy to shrink by 10.1% this year, a slight improvement over its last estimate.
The OECD is also counting on US lawmakers to approve another stimulus package worth up to $1.5 trillion this fall, though negotiations have reached an impasse. Reaching an agreement may be more difficult as the November election approaches.
The group's predictions for the global recovery in 2021 are slightly lower than they were in June. OECD economists made clear they see a long road ahead.
"In most economies, the level of output at the end of 2021 is projected to remain below that at the end of 2019, and considerably weaker than projected prior to the pandemic, highlighting the risk of long-lasting costs from the pandemic," the report said. | 当地时间9月16日，经合组织发布了《经济展望中期报告》，将全球2020年GDP变动预期从下滑6%上调至下滑4.5%，2021年经济增长预期同步上调至5%。此外，报告指出，按照目前的经济和疫情态势，中国将是2020年二十国集团中唯一实现正增长的国家。
新冠肺炎疫情对世界上许多大型经济体的巨大冲击，可能没有几个月前经济学家担心的那么严重。
在周三（9月16日）发布的一份报告中，经济合作与发展组织（OECD）上调了对今年全球经济产出的预测，并指出，尽管降幅仍是“近年来前所未有的”，但前景自6月以来略有改善。
总部位于巴黎的经合组织说，预计2020年全球经济将下滑4.5%，2021年将增长5%。此前，经合组织认为全球经济今年将下滑6%，明年将增长5.2%。
但代表全球最大经济体的经合组织警告称，整体数据掩盖了重大差异。尽管经合组织大幅提高了对美国和中国2020年的预测，并略微提高了对欧洲的展望，但降低了对墨西哥、阿根廷、印度、南非、印度尼西亚和沙特阿拉伯等发展中国家的预期。
经合组织的经济学家表示，预期的下调反映了“病毒的长期传播、高度贫困和非正规性，以及更为严格的限制措施实行期延长”。
在二十国集团中，经合组织预计只有中国的2020年经济产出将增长，预期经济增长率为1.8%，相比之下，美国经济预期将下滑3.8%，19个欧元区国家将下滑7.9%。根据中国政府周二（9月15日）发布的报告，中国8月份零售业销售额高于去年同期，这是2020年零售额首次出现增长。
经合组织指出，中国疫情暴发时间较早，但有能力迅速控制住，并出台了相关政策为经济活动迅速恢复铺平道路，尤其是强有力的基础设施投资。
与此同时，根据经合组织的数据，南非经济今年或将下滑11.5%。墨西哥和印度的经济预计将下滑10.2%。这比除意大利以外的其他发达经济体的预期更糟糕，意大利受到疫情重创，预期经济将下滑10.5%。
图片来源：经合组织
经济不确定性仍然很高
经合组织警告说，经济前景还远未确定，在很大程度上取决于新冠疫情的进展和政策制定者的持续支持。该组织补充说，在最初的经济重启措施后，全球经济复苏的步伐“在夏季出现放缓的迹象”。
经合组织在报告中表示：“在严格的限制措施放松、企业重新开业后，经济正在复苏，但不确定性仍然很高，人们的信心仍然很脆弱。”
经合组织的一些预测所基于的政策假设也可能无法实现。
contingent [kənˈtɪndʒənt]：adj.以事实为依据的；依情况而变的
例如，经合组织假设，英国将与欧盟达成一项“基本”的货物自由贸易协定。但英国政府提出的一项有争议的法案可能会使谈判破裂。
经合组织预计今年英国经济将下滑10.1%，比之前的预计略有改善。
经合组织还寄希望于美国在今年秋天批准另一项高达1.5万亿美元（约合人民币10万亿元）的经济刺激计划，但是谈判已陷入僵局。随着11月美国总统大选的临近，达成协议可能会更加困难。
经合组织对2021年全球经济复苏的预测比6月份时略低。该组织的经济学家们明确表示，他们认为经济复苏路漫漫。
报告称：“大多数经济体2021年底的经济产出水平预计仍将低于2019年底，且大幅低于疫情暴发前的预期，这凸显出疫情带来的长期成本风险。”
英文来源：CNN
翻译&编辑：yaning |
在过去，植物肉的消费者以素食者为主，但在今天，越来越多人开始接受并喜爱这种美味又健康的肉类替代产品。国外多家植物肉企业纷纷把目光瞄准了中国市场，试图抢占先机。
A pork cutlet dish made with plant-based meat Omnipork is displayed for the camera at vegan restaurant Kind Kitchen in Hong Kong, China April 17, 2020. Picture taken April 17, 2020. REUTERS/Joyce Zhou
China has become a battleground for plant-based meat companies looking to tap into the world’s largest market for meat-consumption.
中国已成为植物肉企业的战场，这些企业希望进入世界上最大的肉类消费市场。
American plant-based meat company Impossible Foods Inc. said Thursday it is awaiting regulatory approval to enter the China market, while rivals such as Beyond Meat have pushed forward with plans to set up production in China.
美国植物肉企业“不可能食品”公司9月10日说，它正等待监管部门批准其进入中国市场，而“超越肉类”公司等竞争对手已在推进在华建立生产基地的计划。
Those are just two of the companies with sights set on the 1.4 billion Chinese consumers they hope may join their Western counterparts in seeking alternatives to meat beyond traditional mock meat offerings that already span the spectrum from faux crab to duck breast and steak.
这两家公司瞄准了14亿中国消费者，它们希望能与西方同行一道寻找传统仿肉之外的肉类替代品，传统仿肉产品已经覆盖从人造蟹肉、鸭胸肉到牛排的诸多品种。
A McDonald's "PLT" burger with a Beyond Meat plant-based patty at one of 28 test restaurant locations in London, Ontario, Canada October 2, 2019. REUTERS/Moe Doiron
Impossible Foods needs extra regulatory approvals because its plant-based meat products include genetically modified substances including heme, a molecule that imparts a meaty flavor, as well as soy protein
“不可能食品”公司需要获得监管部门的特殊许可，因为其生产的植物肉产品包含血红素（一种能释放肉味的分子）和大豆蛋白等转基因物质。
"We’re going through a regulatory process and it takes its time. It’s going well as far as I can tell,” said Impossible Foods CEO Pat Brown told reporters.
“不可能食品”公司首席执行官帕特·布朗告诉记者说：“我们正在走监管程序，这需要时间。我现在能说的是，进展顺利。”
Beyond Meat, which announced last week it is opening a factory in an industrial zone near Shanghai, says it does not use any genetically modified ingredients.
报道称，“超越肉类”公司上周宣布将在上海附近的一个工业园区开办工厂，它表示不使用任何转基因原料。
Nestle has said it is expanding a plant-based products factory in the northeastern city of Tianjin.
雀巢公司说，它将增加对天津工厂的投资，以建立一条植物肉生产线。
Local Chinese companies such as Zhenmeat and Starfield also are expanding their businesses, partnering with restaurants across the country and even offering vegan-based seafood.
珍肉和星期零等中国本土企业也在扩大业务规模，与全国各地的餐馆合作，甚至提供素食海鲜。
Impossible Foods CEO Pat Brown / AFP
Impossible Foods announced last Thursday the launch of a sausage product in Hong Kong, via menu items in coffee chain Starbucks and some other restaurants.
“不可能食品”公司9月10日宣布，以星巴克咖啡连锁店和其他一些餐馆的菜单商品的形式，在香港推出一款香肠产品。
Impossible Foods' products include plant-based beef, pork and sausage.
“不可能食品”公司的产品包括植物牛肉、猪肉和香肠。
Brown said the company plans to build a factory in China and a domestic supply chain for the ingredients it needs so that its products will be manufactured entirely in China.
布朗说，该公司计划在中国建厂，并在中国国内建立所需原料的供应链，这样就能完全在中国生产其产品。
However, since most plant-based meat products often cost more, breaking into the Chinese market could be challenging.
然而，由于大多数植物肉产品的价格往往较高，打入中国市场可能是一项挑战。
"The China market is challenging because the food culture and consumer palette are immensely diverse, and the market is very price sensitive,” said Elaine Siu, managing director of The Good Food Institute Asia-Pacific. "However, it’s important not to lose sight of what are the fundamentals that make any food product a market hit -- universally it’s taste, price, and convenience.”
美食协会亚太区董事总经理萧凯怡说：“中国市场具有挑战性，因为中国的饮食文化和消费者群体非常多样，而且市场对价格非常敏感。不过，重要的是不要忽视食品受市场欢迎的基本因素——就是公认的口味、价格和便利性。”
Meat consumption in China has risen steadily since 1990, more than doubling though the pace of increase has slowed in the past decade. As a nation, China consumes more meat than any other country.
自1990年以来，中国的肉类消费量一直在稳步增长，尽管增长速度在过去10年间有所放缓，但消费量已翻了一番有余。中国全国的肉类消费量超过其他任何国家。
来源：美联社、参考消息网
编译：丹妮 | A pork cutlet dish made with plant-based meat Omnipork is displayed for the camera at vegan restaurant Kind Kitchen in Hong Kong, China April 17, 2020. Picture taken April 17, 2020. REUTERS/Joyce Zhou
China has become a battleground for plant-based meat companies looking to tap into the world’s largest market for meat-consumption.
American plant-based meat company Impossible Foods Inc. said Thursday it is awaiting regulatory approval to enter the China market, while rivals such as Beyond Meat have pushed forward with plans to set up production in China.
Those are just two of the companies with sights set on the 1.4 billion Chinese consumers they hope may join their Western counterparts in seeking alternatives to meat beyond traditional mock meat offerings that already span the spectrum from faux crab to duck breast and steak.
A McDonald's "PLT" burger with a Beyond Meat plant-based patty at one of 28 test restaurant locations in London, Ontario, Canada October 2, 2019. REUTERS/Moe Doiron
Impossible Foods needs extra regulatory approvals because its plant-based meat products include genetically modified substances including heme, a molecule that imparts a meaty flavor, as well as soy protein
"We’re going through a regulatory process and it takes its time. It’s going well as far as I can tell,” said Impossible Foods CEO Pat Brown told reporters.
Beyond Meat, which announced last week it is opening a factory in an industrial zone near Shanghai, says it does not use any genetically modified ingredients.
Nestle has said it is expanding a plant-based products factory in the northeastern city of Tianjin.
Local Chinese companies such as Zhenmeat and Starfield also are expanding their businesses, partnering with restaurants across the country and even offering vegan-based seafood.
Impossible Foods CEO Pat Brown / AFP
Impossible Foods announced last Thursday the launch of a sausage product in Hong Kong, via menu items in coffee chain Starbucks and some other restaurants.
Impossible Foods' products include plant-based beef, pork and sausage.
Brown said the company plans to build a factory in China and a domestic supply chain for the ingredients it needs so that its products will be manufactured entirely in China.
However, since most plant-based meat products often cost more, breaking into the Chinese market could be challenging.
"The China market is challenging because the food culture and consumer palette are immensely diverse, and the market is very price sensitive,” said Elaine Siu, managing director of The Good Food Institute Asia-Pacific. "However, it’s important not to lose sight of what are the fundamentals that make any food product a market hit -- universally it’s taste, price, and convenience.”
Meat consumption in China has risen steadily since 1990, more than doubling though the pace of increase has slowed in the past decade. As a nation, China consumes more meat than any other country. | 在过去，植物肉的消费者以素食者为主，但在今天，越来越多人开始接受并喜爱这种美味又健康的肉类替代产品。国外多家植物肉企业纷纷把目光瞄准了中国市场，试图抢占先机。
中国已成为植物肉企业的战场，这些企业希望进入世界上最大的肉类消费市场。
美国植物肉企业“不可能食品”公司9月10日说，它正等待监管部门批准其进入中国市场，而“超越肉类”公司等竞争对手已在推进在华建立生产基地的计划。
这两家公司瞄准了14亿中国消费者，它们希望能与西方同行一道寻找传统仿肉之外的肉类替代品，传统仿肉产品已经覆盖从人造蟹肉、鸭胸肉到牛排的诸多品种。
“不可能食品”公司需要获得监管部门的特殊许可，因为其生产的植物肉产品包含血红素（一种能释放肉味的分子）和大豆蛋白等转基因物质。
“不可能食品”公司首席执行官帕特·布朗告诉记者说：“我们正在走监管程序，这需要时间。我现在能说的是，进展顺利。”
报道称，“超越肉类”公司上周宣布将在上海附近的一个工业园区开办工厂，它表示不使用任何转基因原料。
雀巢公司说，它将增加对天津工厂的投资，以建立一条植物肉生产线。
珍肉和星期零等中国本土企业也在扩大业务规模，与全国各地的餐馆合作，甚至提供素食海鲜。
“不可能食品”公司9月10日宣布，以星巴克咖啡连锁店和其他一些餐馆的菜单商品的形式，在香港推出一款香肠产品。
“不可能食品”公司的产品包括植物牛肉、猪肉和香肠。
布朗说，该公司计划在中国建厂，并在中国国内建立所需原料的供应链，这样就能完全在中国生产其产品。
然而，由于大多数植物肉产品的价格往往较高，打入中国市场可能是一项挑战。
美食协会亚太区董事总经理萧凯怡说：“中国市场具有挑战性，因为中国的饮食文化和消费者群体非常多样，而且市场对价格非常敏感。不过，重要的是不要忽视食品受市场欢迎的基本因素——就是公认的口味、价格和便利性。”
自1990年以来，中国的肉类消费量一直在稳步增长，尽管增长速度在过去10年间有所放缓，但消费量已翻了一番有余。中国全国的肉类消费量超过其他任何国家。
来源：美联社、参考消息网
编译：丹妮 |
皮尤研究中心发布的一项最新民调显示，因应对新冠疫情表现糟糕，美国的国际声誉急剧下滑，跌至近二十年来的最低点。
A few pedestrians walks through Union Station during what would normally be the morning rush after most businesses have required employees to work from home due to the global coronavirus pandemic in Washington, US, March 17, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
America's reputation among some allies has fallen to its lowest point in nearly two decades, according to a global survey.
一项全球调查显示，美国在一些盟友中的声誉已跌至近二十年来的最低点。
The findings of the Pew Research Center poll reflect public perceptions of the US in 13 countries.
皮尤研究中心的调查结果反映了13个国家的公众对美国的看法。
Positive views of the US has fallen to a median of 34% across the countries surveyed, and only 16% confidence in President Trump.
在接受调查的国家中，对美国的正面评价降至34%的中值，仅有16%的人对特朗普总统有信心。
An overwhelming majority - 84%- said the US has handled coronavirus badly.
绝大多数受访者（84%）认为美国的新冠疫情应对很糟糕。
Though favourable views of the US has been falling in recent years, in 2020, the perceptions in several countries were the lowest Pew had seen since it began polling on the subject some 20 years ago.
尽管近年来人们对美国的好感一直在下降，但在2020年，受调查的几个国家对美国的好感度是皮尤大约20年前开始这项调查以来的最低水平。
In only one country surveyed - South Korea - did a majority of the public view the US favourably. Only a quarter of Germans and less than a third of Frenchmen and women view the US thus.
在受调查国家中，只有韩国的大多数受访民众对美国有好感。在德国和法国的受访者中，对美国有好感的受访民众分别为四分之一和不到三分之一。
US President Donald Trump. [Photo/Agencies]
The majority of the public in every country surveyed did not have confidence in Mr Trump, with Belgians expressing the most scepticism - only nine percent said they had confidence in the US president.
在所有接受调查的国家中，大多数民众对特朗普总统都没有信心。其中，比利时人表达了最强烈的怀疑，只有9%的人表示对特朗普总统有信心。
The president's highest rating among the countries polled was in Japan, where a quarter of those surveyed said they trusted Mr Trump.
在受调查国家中，特朗普总统支持率最高的是日本，有四分之一的受访者表示他们信任特朗普总统。
Fewer than one in five Britons had confidence in US leader, and only 41% said they had a favourable view of the country, a nadir for the survey.
不到五分之一的英国人对特朗普总统有信心，仅有41%的英国人说他们对美国有好感，这是英国在此项调查中的最低点。
nadir[ˈneɪdɪə(r)]：n.最低点
The Pew Global Attitudes survey of 13,273 people was conducted from June to August in Australia, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, the UK and the Netherlands.
皮尤全球态度调查于今年6月至8月在澳大利亚、比利时、加拿大、丹麦、法国、德国、意大利、日本、韩国、西班牙、瑞典、英国和荷兰开展，共有13273人参加。
The results of the survey come as long-term questions swirl over America's leadership on the global stage, and as the country continues to battle coronavirus. The US has recorded over 6 million cases and nearly 200,000 deaths due to Covid-19.
调查结果出炉之际，美国在全球舞台上的领导地位正受到一些长期问题的困扰，美国也在继续与新冠病毒作斗争。美国新冠肺炎确诊病例已超过600万例，死亡病例近20万例。
Dr Richard Wike, a director of the Pew survey, said: "What we've seen in our polling over the past few years is that many people around the world see the US stepping away from a leadership position in world affairs, and that's had a negative impact on what they think of the country."
皮尤的调查主管理查德·威克博士说：“我们在过去几年的调查中看到，全球许多人都看到美国逐渐脱离了在世界事务中的领导地位，这对他们对美国的看法产生了负面影响。”
This year, the dynamic has been borne out through the pandemic, as reflected in the survey.
正如调查所反映的那样，今年这种趋势已在疫情中得到证实。
Despite the trend, however, "people haven't necessarily given up on the US," Dr Wike said. "They still want the US to play a leadership role on the international stage."
然而，尽管有这种趋势，威克博士说，“人们并不一定会放弃美国。他们仍然希望美国在国际舞台上发挥领导作用。”
【美国疫情最新数据】
美国约翰斯·霍普金斯大学发布的新冠肺炎疫情统计数据显示，截至美国东部时间9月15日下午5点23分，北京时间16日凌晨5点23分，美国累计新冠肺炎确诊病例数突破659万，增至6595476例，死亡病例数增至195637例。美国现在是全球累计确诊病例和死亡病例最多的国家。
英文来源：BBC
翻译&编辑：yaning | A few pedestrians walks through Union Station during what would normally be the morning rush after most businesses have required employees to work from home due to the global coronavirus pandemic in Washington, US, March 17, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
America's reputation among some allies has fallen to its lowest point in nearly two decades, according to a global survey.
The findings of the Pew Research Center poll reflect public perceptions of the US in 13 countries.
Positive views of the US has fallen to a median of 34% across the countries surveyed, and only 16% confidence in President Trump.
An overwhelming majority - 84%- said the US has handled coronavirus badly.
Though favourable views of the US has been falling in recent years, in 2020, the perceptions in several countries were the lowest Pew had seen since it began polling on the subject some 20 years ago.
In only one country surveyed - South Korea - did a majority of the public view the US favourably. Only a quarter of Germans and less than a third of Frenchmen and women view the US thus.
US President Donald Trump. [Photo/Agencies]
The majority of the public in every country surveyed did not have confidence in Mr Trump, with Belgians expressing the most scepticism - only nine percent said they had confidence in the US president.
The president's highest rating among the countries polled was in Japan, where a quarter of those surveyed said they trusted Mr Trump.
Fewer than one in five Britons had confidence in US leader, and only 41% said they had a favourable view of the country, a nadir for the survey.
The Pew Global Attitudes survey of 13,273 people was conducted from June to August in Australia, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, the UK and the Netherlands.
The results of the survey come as long-term questions swirl over America's leadership on the global stage, and as the country continues to battle coronavirus. The US has recorded over 6 million cases and nearly 200,000 deaths due to Covid-19.
Dr Richard Wike, a director of the Pew survey, said: "What we've seen in our polling over the past few years is that many people around the world see the US stepping away from a leadership position in world affairs, and that's had a negative impact on what they think of the country."
This year, the dynamic has been borne out through the pandemic, as reflected in the survey.
Despite the trend, however, "people haven't necessarily given up on the US," Dr Wike said. "They still want the US to play a leadership role on the international stage." | 皮尤研究中心发布的一项最新民调显示，因应对新冠疫情表现糟糕，美国的国际声誉急剧下滑，跌至近二十年来的最低点。
一项全球调查显示，美国在一些盟友中的声誉已跌至近二十年来的最低点。
皮尤研究中心的调查结果反映了13个国家的公众对美国的看法。
在接受调查的国家中，对美国的正面评价降至34%的中值，仅有16%的人对特朗普总统有信心。
绝大多数受访者（84%）认为美国的新冠疫情应对很糟糕。
尽管近年来人们对美国的好感一直在下降，但在2020年，受调查的几个国家对美国的好感度是皮尤大约20年前开始这项调查以来的最低水平。
在受调查国家中，只有韩国的大多数受访民众对美国有好感。在德国和法国的受访者中，对美国有好感的受访民众分别为四分之一和不到三分之一。
在所有接受调查的国家中，大多数民众对特朗普总统都没有信心。其中，比利时人表达了最强烈的怀疑，只有9%的人表示对特朗普总统有信心。
在受调查国家中，特朗普总统支持率最高的是日本，有四分之一的受访者表示他们信任特朗普总统。
不到五分之一的英国人对特朗普总统有信心，仅有41%的英国人说他们对美国有好感，这是英国在此项调查中的最低点。
nadir[ˈneɪdɪə(r)]：n.最低点
皮尤全球态度调查于今年6月至8月在澳大利亚、比利时、加拿大、丹麦、法国、德国、意大利、日本、韩国、西班牙、瑞典、英国和荷兰开展，共有13273人参加。
调查结果出炉之际，美国在全球舞台上的领导地位正受到一些长期问题的困扰，美国也在继续与新冠病毒作斗争。美国新冠肺炎确诊病例已超过600万例，死亡病例近20万例。
皮尤的调查主管理查德·威克博士说：“我们在过去几年的调查中看到，全球许多人都看到美国逐渐脱离了在世界事务中的领导地位，这对他们对美国的看法产生了负面影响。”
正如调查所反映的那样，今年这种趋势已在疫情中得到证实。
然而，尽管有这种趋势，威克博士说，“人们并不一定会放弃美国。他们仍然希望美国在国际舞台上发挥领导作用。”
【美国疫情最新数据】
美国约翰斯·霍普金斯大学发布的新冠肺炎疫情统计数据显示，截至美国东部时间9月15日下午5点23分，北京时间16日凌晨5点23分，美国累计新冠肺炎确诊病例数突破659万，增至6595476例，死亡病例数增至195637例。美国现在是全球累计确诊病例和死亡病例最多的国家。
英文来源：BBC
翻译&编辑：yaning |
流感季将至，而新冠疫情却还未结束。为了防止流感和新冠疫情并发令医疗系统崩溃，亚洲多国都大幅增加了流感疫苗的供应量，还扩大了免费接种流感疫苗的人群。
A nurse prepares an injection of the influenza vaccine at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts, US, January 10, 2013. /Reuters
Some Asian countries are rolling out early and more aggressive influenza vaccination programs this year, seeking to reduce the potential of people contracting the flu and COVID-19 simultaneously, crippling healthcare systems.
一些亚洲国家今年早早推出了更积极的流感防疫计划，以降低人们同时感染流感和新冠病毒的可能性，防止医疗系统因此崩溃。
With a second or third wave of the coronavirus pandemic looming for many countries, tackling this year's flu season – typically December through February – has taken on increased urgency.
由于多国面临着第二轮或第三轮新冠疫情的威胁，做好今年的流感季（通常是12月至2月期间）流感防控工作变得更加紧迫。
In Japan, the health ministry is preparing 31.2 million flu shots, up seven percent from last year and the highest amount since 2015. Officials are also urging symptomatic patients to call medical hotlines before going for testing to avoid contagion at hospitals.
在日本，卫生部（厚生劳动省）正在准备3120万支流感疫苗，比去年多了7%，数量是2015年来最多的。卫生部官员也敦促有症状的患者在做检测前拨打医疗热线电话，以避免在医院感染他人。
"We are going to focus our medical resources on the severely ill in anticipation of the seasonal influenza epidemic," Takeshi Enami, a Japanese health ministry official said last week after a meeting of disease experts.
日本卫生部官员江波武志上周在参加完一次疾控专家会议后表示：“在流感季到来之前我们将把医疗资源集中在重症患者身上。”
The World Health Organization has urged global widespread flu vaccinations this year, amid concerns the same people who are most vulnerable to risks from COVID-19, such as the elderly and those with respiratory conditions, are also at greatest risk for the flu.
世界卫生组织今年已经敦促全球各国开展广泛的流感疫苗接种工作，因为担心最容易感染新冠病毒的人群患上流感的风险也最大，比如老年人和有呼吸系统疾病的人。
Data on the number of annual flu cases across Asia is limited, although Japan had about 12 million cases in the 2018/19 season, according to an official source.
关于亚洲各国每年流感病例数量的数据很有限，不过官方来源显示，日本在2018-19的流感季约有1200万流感病例。
In South Korea, health authorities are procuring 30 million flu vaccines for the winter season, up 20 percent from last year. Around 19 million people will be inoculated for free, covering a third of the country's population, up from 13.8 million a year ago.
在韩国，卫生部门正在为冬季采购3000万支流感疫苗，比去年增加了20%。约有1900万人将免费接种流感疫苗，涵盖了韩国三分之一的人口，相比去年的1380万有所增加。
Officials are also extending the demographic window for free vaccination, this year covering children from six months to 18, adults over 61 and pregnant women.
韩国官方还将扩大免费接种流感疫苗的人群，今年将涵盖6个月到18岁的孩子、61岁以上的成人以及孕妇。
South Korea's biggest flu vaccine maker GC Pharma told Reuters it will make over 10 million flu shots for this season, up from the 8.5 million doses last year.
韩国最大的流感疫苗制造商GC制药公司告诉路透社说，这个流感季将会生产超1000万支流感疫苗，相比去年的850万支增加了。
In China, some local authorities have reported a surge in demand. Disease prevention authorities in the Changning district of Shanghai city told local media they expect demand for flu vaccines in the autumn and winter to increase some 50 percent from previous years.
在中国，一些地方政府报告称疫苗需求量激增。上海长宁区疾控中心告诉当地媒体称，他们预期今年秋冬的流感疫苗需求量将比往年增加约50%。
In Australia, where the flu season runs roughly from June to September, officials procured 16.5 million flu shots, up from 13.2 million last year.
在澳大利亚，流感季大约从6月持续到9月。澳大利亚官员共采购了1650万支流感疫苗，去年为1320万支。
The moves in Asia echo similar efforts in North America and Europe. In the United States, pharmaceutical firms are expected to provide around 200 million flu vaccines this year, about 20 percent more than usual.
除了亚洲外，北美和欧洲也采取了类似的措施。在美国，制药企业预期今年将提供约2亿支流感疫苗，比往年增加20%左右。
英文来源：路透社
翻译&编辑：丹妮 | A nurse prepares an injection of the influenza vaccine at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts, US, January 10, 2013. /Reuters
Some Asian countries are rolling out early and more aggressive influenza vaccination programs this year, seeking to reduce the potential of people contracting the flu and COVID-19 simultaneously, crippling healthcare systems.
With a second or third wave of the coronavirus pandemic looming for many countries, tackling this year's flu season – typically December through February – has taken on increased urgency.
In Japan, the health ministry is preparing 31.2 million flu shots, up seven percent from last year and the highest amount since 2015. Officials are also urging symptomatic patients to call medical hotlines before going for testing to avoid contagion at hospitals.
"We are going to focus our medical resources on the severely ill in anticipation of the seasonal influenza epidemic," Takeshi Enami, a Japanese health ministry official said last week after a meeting of disease experts.
The World Health Organization has urged global widespread flu vaccinations this year, amid concerns the same people who are most vulnerable to risks from COVID-19, such as the elderly and those with respiratory conditions, are also at greatest risk for the flu.
Data on the number of annual flu cases across Asia is limited, although Japan had about 12 million cases in the 2018/19 season, according to an official source.
In South Korea, health authorities are procuring 30 million flu vaccines for the winter season, up 20 percent from last year. Around 19 million people will be inoculated for free, covering a third of the country's population, up from 13.8 million a year ago.
Officials are also extending the demographic window for free vaccination, this year covering children from six months to 18, adults over 61 and pregnant women.
South Korea's biggest flu vaccine maker GC Pharma told Reuters it will make over 10 million flu shots for this season, up from the 8.5 million doses last year.
In China, some local authorities have reported a surge in demand. Disease prevention authorities in the Changning district of Shanghai city told local media they expect demand for flu vaccines in the autumn and winter to increase some 50 percent from previous years.
In Australia, where the flu season runs roughly from June to September, officials procured 16.5 million flu shots, up from 13.2 million last year.
The moves in Asia echo similar efforts in North America and Europe. In the United States, pharmaceutical firms are expected to provide around 200 million flu vaccines this year, about 20 percent more than usual. | 流感季将至，而新冠疫情却还未结束。为了防止流感和新冠疫情并发令医疗系统崩溃，亚洲多国都大幅增加了流感疫苗的供应量，还扩大了免费接种流感疫苗的人群。
一些亚洲国家今年早早推出了更积极的流感防疫计划，以降低人们同时感染流感和新冠病毒的可能性，防止医疗系统因此崩溃。
由于多国面临着第二轮或第三轮新冠疫情的威胁，做好今年的流感季（通常是12月至2月期间）流感防控工作变得更加紧迫。
在日本，卫生部（厚生劳动省）正在准备3120万支流感疫苗，比去年多了7%，数量是2015年来最多的。卫生部官员也敦促有症状的患者在做检测前拨打医疗热线电话，以避免在医院感染他人。
日本卫生部官员江波武志上周在参加完一次疾控专家会议后表示：“在流感季到来之前我们将把医疗资源集中在重症患者身上。”
世界卫生组织今年已经敦促全球各国开展广泛的流感疫苗接种工作，因为担心最容易感染新冠病毒的人群患上流感的风险也最大，比如老年人和有呼吸系统疾病的人。
关于亚洲各国每年流感病例数量的数据很有限，不过官方来源显示，日本在2018-19的流感季约有1200万流感病例。
在韩国，卫生部门正在为冬季采购3000万支流感疫苗，比去年增加了20%。约有1900万人将免费接种流感疫苗，涵盖了韩国三分之一的人口，相比去年的1380万有所增加。
韩国官方还将扩大免费接种流感疫苗的人群，今年将涵盖6个月到18岁的孩子、61岁以上的成人以及孕妇。
韩国最大的流感疫苗制造商GC制药公司告诉路透社说，这个流感季将会生产超1000万支流感疫苗，相比去年的850万支增加了。
在中国，一些地方政府报告称疫苗需求量激增。上海长宁区疾控中心告诉当地媒体称，他们预期今年秋冬的流感疫苗需求量将比往年增加约50%。
在澳大利亚，流感季大约从6月持续到9月。澳大利亚官员共采购了1650万支流感疫苗，去年为1320万支。
除了亚洲外，北美和欧洲也采取了类似的措施。在美国，制药企业预期今年将提供约2亿支流感疫苗，比往年增加20%左右。
英文来源：路透社
翻译&编辑：丹妮 |
随着中国社交媒体和短视频应用的发展，很多老年人成为短视频的粉丝和博主。他们在网上分享美食和生活趣事，给观众带来了新鲜感和惊喜。老年“网红”走红中国社交媒体，也打破了人们对老年人的刻板印象。
An 83-year-old fashion blogger known as Grandpa Kang in Wuhan, Hubei province, inspires millions of people online. [Photo provided to chinadaily.com.cn]
In the first half of last year, Tan Zhouhai was a villager in the central Chinese province of Hunan, shooting short videos of his rural life and uploading them to the internet to attract potential customers for local agricultural products.
去年上半年，谭周海还是华中地区湖南省一名普通村民。他将自己的农村生活拍成短视频传到网上，为当地农产品吸引潜在客户。
Tan was used to his videos receiving dozens, sometimes a few hundred, likes from his audience on Chinese social media. That changed when he uploaded a video of his 83-year-old grandfather dancing along to a popular song called
Little Apple
gained 10,000 likes.
当时，谭周海习惯了自己的视频在中国社交媒体上获得观众的数十个、有时是数百个赞。当他把他83岁的爷爷随着流行歌曲《小苹果》跳舞的视频传到社交媒体并得到一万个赞后，情况变了。
Inspired by this unexpected success, Tan asked his grandfather to perform regularly for his account, called Countryside Plump Dahai, in videos featuring the 30-year-old cooking for the elderly man, who has lost all his teeth, wearing a pair of round sunglasses for added comic effect. The account now has 1.6 million fans and has accumulated at least 3 million likes.
受此意外成功启发，谭周海请他爷爷定期为其账号“农村胖大海”表演节目。视频中，这个30岁的年轻人为牙齿全掉光的爷爷做饭。爷爷戴着一副圆形太阳镜，以增加喜剧效果。这个账号现在有160万粉丝，累计点赞数达至少300万个。
谭周海爷爷的日常：
“Before my grandfather joined me, my account was just an ordinary one about food and was unnoticed on the internet,” Tan told the
South China Morning Post
. “With my grandfather in my videos, my account expresses filial piety, family love and companionship. Many of my fans have said they were touched. They said they liked my grandfather and think he is so cute.”
谭周海对《南华早报》记者说：“在我爷爷加入之前，我的账号只是一个在网上默默无闻的普通美食账号。爷爷出现后，我的视频表现出孝心、亲情和陪伴。我的许多粉丝都说他们很感动。他们说喜欢我爷爷，觉得他很可爱。”
Tan’s grandfather is just one of a number of elderly people, including some octogenarians, who have taken Chinese social media by storm by breaking the public stereotype of the typical senior citizen.
包括一些八旬老人在内的众多老人打破了公众对老年人的刻板印象，征服了中国社交媒体。谭周海的爷爷只是其中之一。
octogenarian [ˌɒktədʒəˈneəriən]：n.八十岁到八十九岁的人
The country’s top two short video apps Douyin and Kuaishou each have more than 400 million monthly active users. More than 70 percent are younger than 35 and, among those, around a third are aged between 24-30, according to Yu Siyao, an analyst from LeadLeo Research Institute.
中国最大的两个短视频应用程序抖音和快手都有4亿多月活跃用户。头豹研究院分析师于思瑶（音）说，超过70%用户年龄在35岁以下，其中约三分之一在24岁至30岁之间。
“Videos with characters of young people’s parents or grandparents’ generation tend to receive multiple likes and comments,” Yu said.
于思瑶说：“有年轻人的父辈或祖辈出镜的视频往往会获得很多赞和评论。”
“This group of online celebrities gives the audiences freshness and surprise because of the contrast – they are old aged, but their mentality is not old at all,” she said, adding that there is a deep-rooted impression that elderly people are slow, bedridden by illness, lead boring lives and have been left behind by fashion and new technology.
她说：“这一类网红给观众带来新鲜感和惊喜是因为其中的反差。他们年龄大了，但心态一点也不老。”她还说，人们有一种根深蒂固的印象，认为老年人行动迟缓、缠绵病榻，过着无聊生活，被时尚和新技术甩在身后。
bedridden [ˈbedrɪdn]：adj.卧床不起的
One well-known online celebrity is a 98-year-old resident of Chengdu in the southwestern province of Sichuan. Nicknamed Food Aficionado Granny, she has 6.6 million fans of her videos in which she eats all kinds of dishes, from hotpot to sweet treats and hamburgers, accompanied with bottles of alcohol. Her exotic choices have included cola and durian.
中国西南部四川省成都市有一位98岁的网红，绰号“吃货奶奶”的她有660万粉丝。在视频中，她吃各种食物，火锅、甜食到汉堡，还佐以美酒。她还会选择具有异国情调的食物，包括可乐和榴莲。
aficionado [əˌfɪʃəˈnɑːdəʊ]：n.迷；狂热爱好者
一起来看看无辣不欢爱火锅的“吃货奶奶”：
Other online favourites include a 79-year-old woman known as Granny Wang Who Only Wears High-heeled Shoes – renowned for her good figure and elegant and stylish clothes – and Yaoyang’s Grandfather, an 80-year-old man who shares humorous stories of his everyday life in the dialect of northeastern China. They have 16 million and 13 million subscribers, respectively.
网络红人还有79岁的“只穿高跟鞋的汪奶奶”，她以身材好、穿着优雅时髦著称，以及80岁、用东北方言分享日常生活趣事的“耀杨他姥爷”。他们分别有1600万和1300万粉丝。
An 83-year-old fashion blogger known as Grandpa Kang in Wuhan, Hubei province, inspires millions of people online. [Photo provided to chinadaily.com.cn]
Jiang Minci, an 89-year-old retired railway engineer in the southern city of Guangzhou, shot to fame in the past four months after releasing short videos on leading social media website bilibili.com. The videos, which chronicle her early days and show her cooking local cuisine, are regularly flooded by greetings of “Hello Granny!” from her audience.
在知名社交媒体网站哔哩哔哩上发布短视频后，广州89岁的退休铁路工程师江敏慈在过去4个月中迅速走红。这些视频讲述她的早年生活，展示她烹饪的当地美食，弹幕上常常是铺天盖地的“你好，奶奶！”的问候声。
来看看闯B站的89岁奶奶：
“I am happy to interact with young people. I feel their vitality and I feel I am younger than before. It seems to me that I have many more grandchildren,” Jiang told the Post.
江敏慈对《南华早报》说：“我很高兴与年轻人互动。我感受到他们的活力，感到自己比以前年轻了。我好像有了更多孙子孙女。”
Jiang said she became interested in short videos after seeing her 16-year grandson watching them on the internet and laughing a lot. She decided to share her own life experience with the younger generation.
她说，在看到16岁的孙子在网上观看短视频并哈哈大笑后，她对短视频产生了兴趣。她决定与年轻人分享自己的人生经历。
With her grandson’s help, each video takes about three hours to prepare but Jiang – who communicates with friends on WeChat and pays for her shopping via online apps – said she was learning video editing skills and hoped she would soon no longer need his assistance.
在孙子帮助下，她花大约3个小时时间准备每段视频。但是，通过微信与朋友交流、通过网络应用程序支付购物费用的江敏慈说，她正在学习视频编辑技巧，希望很快不再需要孙子帮助。
Chen Duan, a data economy expert from Central University of Finance and Economics in Beijing, said developments in technology had made it easier for elderly people to use digital tools, leading to more of them becoming fans and bloggers of short videos.
中央财经大学数字经济专家陈端说，技术发展使老年人使用数字工具容易了一些，使更多老年人成了短视频的粉丝和博主。
“Not every old person can be popular on the internet. It depends on their media sense, their feel in front of the camera and their acting skills,” Chen said.
她说：“不是每个老人都能在网上走红。这取决于他们的媒体意识、镜头感和表演技巧。”
来源：南华早报、参考消息网
编辑：yaning | An 83-year-old fashion blogger known as Grandpa Kang in Wuhan, Hubei province, inspires millions of people online. [Photo provided to chinadaily.com.cn]
In the first half of last year, Tan Zhouhai was a villager in the central Chinese province of Hunan, shooting short videos of his rural life and uploading them to the internet to attract potential customers for local agricultural products.
Tan was used to his videos receiving dozens, sometimes a few hundred, likes from his audience on Chinese social media. That changed when he uploaded a video of his 83-year-old grandfather dancing along to a popular song called
Little Apple
gained 10,000 likes.
Inspired by this unexpected success, Tan asked his grandfather to perform regularly for his account, called Countryside Plump Dahai, in videos featuring the 30-year-old cooking for the elderly man, who has lost all his teeth, wearing a pair of round sunglasses for added comic effect. The account now has 1.6 million fans and has accumulated at least 3 million likes.
“Before my grandfather joined me, my account was just an ordinary one about food and was unnoticed on the internet,” Tan told the
South China Morning Post
. “With my grandfather in my videos, my account expresses filial piety, family love and companionship. Many of my fans have said they were touched. They said they liked my grandfather and think he is so cute.”
Tan’s grandfather is just one of a number of elderly people, including some octogenarians, who have taken Chinese social media by storm by breaking the public stereotype of the typical senior citizen.
The country’s top two short video apps Douyin and Kuaishou each have more than 400 million monthly active users. More than 70 percent are younger than 35 and, among those, around a third are aged between 24-30, according to Yu Siyao, an analyst from LeadLeo Research Institute.
“Videos with characters of young people’s parents or grandparents’ generation tend to receive multiple likes and comments,” Yu said.
“This group of online celebrities gives the audiences freshness and surprise because of the contrast – they are old aged, but their mentality is not old at all,” she said, adding that there is a deep-rooted impression that elderly people are slow, bedridden by illness, lead boring lives and have been left behind by fashion and new technology.
One well-known online celebrity is a 98-year-old resident of Chengdu in the southwestern province of Sichuan. Nicknamed Food Aficionado Granny, she has 6.6 million fans of her videos in which she eats all kinds of dishes, from hotpot to sweet treats and hamburgers, accompanied with bottles of alcohol. Her exotic choices have included cola and durian.
Other online favourites include a 79-year-old woman known as Granny Wang Who Only Wears High-heeled Shoes – renowned for her good figure and elegant and stylish clothes – and Yaoyang’s Grandfather, an 80-year-old man who shares humorous stories of his everyday life in the dialect of northeastern China. They have 16 million and 13 million subscribers, respectively.
An 83-year-old fashion blogger known as Grandpa Kang in Wuhan, Hubei province, inspires millions of people online. [Photo provided to chinadaily.com.cn]
Jiang Minci, an 89-year-old retired railway engineer in the southern city of Guangzhou, shot to fame in the past four months after releasing short videos on leading social media website bilibili.com. The videos, which chronicle her early days and show her cooking local cuisine, are regularly flooded by greetings of “Hello Granny!” from her audience.
“I am happy to interact with young people. I feel their vitality and I feel I am younger than before. It seems to me that I have many more grandchildren,” Jiang told the Post.
Jiang said she became interested in short videos after seeing her 16-year grandson watching them on the internet and laughing a lot. She decided to share her own life experience with the younger generation.
With her grandson’s help, each video takes about three hours to prepare but Jiang – who communicates with friends on WeChat and pays for her shopping via online apps – said she was learning video editing skills and hoped she would soon no longer need his assistance.
Chen Duan, a data economy expert from Central University of Finance and Economics in Beijing, said developments in technology had made it easier for elderly people to use digital tools, leading to more of them becoming fans and bloggers of short videos.
“Not every old person can be popular on the internet. It depends on their media sense, their feel in front of the camera and their acting skills,” Chen said. | 随着中国社交媒体和短视频应用的发展，很多老年人成为短视频的粉丝和博主。他们在网上分享美食和生活趣事，给观众带来了新鲜感和惊喜。老年“网红”走红中国社交媒体，也打破了人们对老年人的刻板印象。
去年上半年，谭周海还是华中地区湖南省一名普通村民。他将自己的农村生活拍成短视频传到网上，为当地农产品吸引潜在客户。
当时，谭周海习惯了自己的视频在中国社交媒体上获得观众的数十个、有时是数百个赞。当他把他83岁的爷爷随着流行歌曲《小苹果》跳舞的视频传到社交媒体并得到一万个赞后，情况变了。
受此意外成功启发，谭周海请他爷爷定期为其账号“农村胖大海”表演节目。视频中，这个30岁的年轻人为牙齿全掉光的爷爷做饭。爷爷戴着一副圆形太阳镜，以增加喜剧效果。这个账号现在有160万粉丝，累计点赞数达至少300万个。
谭周海爷爷的日常：
谭周海对《南华早报》记者说：“在我爷爷加入之前，我的账号只是一个在网上默默无闻的普通美食账号。爷爷出现后，我的视频表现出孝心、亲情和陪伴。我的许多粉丝都说他们很感动。他们说喜欢我爷爷，觉得他很可爱。”
包括一些八旬老人在内的众多老人打破了公众对老年人的刻板印象，征服了中国社交媒体。谭周海的爷爷只是其中之一。
octogenarian [ˌɒktədʒəˈneəriən]：n.八十岁到八十九岁的人
中国最大的两个短视频应用程序抖音和快手都有4亿多月活跃用户。头豹研究院分析师于思瑶（音）说，超过70%用户年龄在35岁以下，其中约三分之一在24岁至30岁之间。
于思瑶说：“有年轻人的父辈或祖辈出镜的视频往往会获得很多赞和评论。”
她说：“这一类网红给观众带来新鲜感和惊喜是因为其中的反差。他们年龄大了，但心态一点也不老。”她还说，人们有一种根深蒂固的印象，认为老年人行动迟缓、缠绵病榻，过着无聊生活，被时尚和新技术甩在身后。
bedridden [ˈbedrɪdn]：adj.卧床不起的
中国西南部四川省成都市有一位98岁的网红，绰号“吃货奶奶”的她有660万粉丝。在视频中，她吃各种食物，火锅、甜食到汉堡，还佐以美酒。她还会选择具有异国情调的食物，包括可乐和榴莲。
aficionado [əˌfɪʃəˈnɑːdəʊ]：n.迷；狂热爱好者
一起来看看无辣不欢爱火锅的“吃货奶奶”：
网络红人还有79岁的“只穿高跟鞋的汪奶奶”，她以身材好、穿着优雅时髦著称，以及80岁、用东北方言分享日常生活趣事的“耀杨他姥爷”。他们分别有1600万和1300万粉丝。
在知名社交媒体网站哔哩哔哩上发布短视频后，广州89岁的退休铁路工程师江敏慈在过去4个月中迅速走红。这些视频讲述她的早年生活，展示她烹饪的当地美食，弹幕上常常是铺天盖地的“你好，奶奶！”的问候声。
来看看闯B站的89岁奶奶：
江敏慈对《南华早报》说：“我很高兴与年轻人互动。我感受到他们的活力，感到自己比以前年轻了。我好像有了更多孙子孙女。”
她说，在看到16岁的孙子在网上观看短视频并哈哈大笑后，她对短视频产生了兴趣。她决定与年轻人分享自己的人生经历。
在孙子帮助下，她花大约3个小时时间准备每段视频。但是，通过微信与朋友交流、通过网络应用程序支付购物费用的江敏慈说，她正在学习视频编辑技巧，希望很快不再需要孙子帮助。
中央财经大学数字经济专家陈端说，技术发展使老年人使用数字工具容易了一些，使更多老年人成了短视频的粉丝和博主。
她说：“不是每个老人都能在网上走红。这取决于他们的媒体意识、镜头感和表演技巧。”
来源：南华早报、参考消息网
编辑：yaning |
科学家发现，即使不听对方说话，也可以辨认出一个人来自哪里。是不是很神奇？其实你也能做到，这是因为我们的表情动作也自带“口音”。
电影《无耻混蛋》剧照 （图片来源：环球影业）
The accents that creep into the way we speak can reveal a lot about where we are from, but there are also subtle clues visible in our faces and the way we move.
我们说话时不经意间流露出的口音很大程度上会暴露我们是哪里人，但从我们的表情、手势和走路姿势也可以察觉到微妙的线索。
While leafing through some old research papers, Hillary Elfenbein noticed something strange about the photographs in one famous study. The research from the late 1980s had asked volunteers if they were able to identify emotions in the faces of Japanese and Caucasian people. Some of the “Japanese” faces were posed by Japanese-Americans, the rest by Japanese nationals.
在翻阅一些旧论文时，希拉里·埃尔芬拜因注意到一项著名研究的照片中有一些奇怪的东西。上世纪80年代末的这项研究询问志愿者是否能识别日本人和高加索人脸上的表情。一些长着“日本脸”的人是日裔美国人，其余的是日本人。
When Elfenbein herself looked at photographs, she realised that she could tell which were which. Her collaborator, Abby Marsh, found that she could too. So they ran an experiment.
当埃尔芬拜因观察那些照片时，她意识到自己能辨认出哪些是日裔美国人，哪些是日本人。她的合作者艾比·马什发现她也可以。于是她们就开展了一项实验。
They found that the Americans they tested were also strangely good at spotting who was Japanese and who was Japanese-American, even though they were all ethnically the same. When the two groups held neutral expressions, people could barely differentiate between them. But when they showed their feelings, especially sadness, something from Japan or America seemed to emerge.
她们发现，接受测试的美国人也不可思议地善于辨别日本人和日裔美国人，即使二者是同一种族。当两个群体都面带中性表情时，人们几乎难以区分。但当他们开始表露情绪，尤其是悲伤情绪时，日本或美国的一些特质就开始显现出来。
You may have had this experience yourself, if you’ve ever been abroad and felt suddenly convinced that a passing stranger is one of your fellow countrymen. At times the signal may be obvious.
你自己也许也有过这种经历，如果你曾经出过国，突然间很确信走过你身边的一个陌生人就是你的同胞。有时候这种信号也许很明显。
If you’ve seen the film
Inglourious Basterds
, you will know that German and British people indicate the number three with their fingers in different ways. Germans raise their thumb and first two fingers; Britons pin the little finger with their thumb and raise the rest. Most never realise that this difference exists until they see the alternative, which, to them, looks strange.
如果你曾看过电影《无耻混蛋》，你会知道德国人和英国人用手指表示数字3的方式是不同的。德国人竖起大拇指、食指和中指，而英国人用大拇指压住小指，竖起其他三根手指。多数人从未意识到这种差异的存在，直到他们发现另外一种方式，在他们看来，这种方式很奇怪。
Some signals may be random quirks that happened to catch on. Others may have served a purpose. Vladimir Putin is said to display his KGB weapons training in the way he walks, with his “gun arm” hanging motionless by his side.
一些信号可能是偶然习得的一种随意的怪癖，而其他的信号也许是有用处的。据说从弗拉基米尔·普京的走路姿势可以看出他接受过苏联国家安全委员会（克格勃）的武器训练，因为他那只“持枪的手”不会摆动。
Since their initial discovery, Marsh and Elfenbein have detected more of these “non-verbal accents” – physical ways in which we show where we come from without realising. Americans, for example, can spot Australians from the way they smile, wave or walk.
自从有了初步发现后，马什和埃尔芬拜因察觉到了更多这种“非言语特点”，这种肢体特点在我们不经意间暴露出自己是哪里人。举例而言，美国人可以从笑、招手或走路的方式识别出澳大利亚人。
More recent research supports their findings. A team at the University of Glasgow has now trained a computer to recognise and then generate more than 60 different non-verbal accents on a simulated face. Subtle, almost indecipherable differences in the way a nose wrinkles and a lip is raised were often all that differentiated them. But when East Asians were shown these artificial “East Asian” expressions, they recognised them much more easily than “Western” ones.
新近的研究也支持了她们的发现。格拉斯哥大学的一个团队现在训练一台电脑识别并在一张模拟人脸上生成60多种不同的非言语特点。像皱鼻子、翘嘴这种几乎无法辨认的微妙差异往往就是识别的关键。但是东亚人识别“东亚”表情比识别“西方”表情要容易得多。
The presence of these subtle cues might help to explain the bias that can creep into our thinking about people from different backgrounds. As we’ve seen, non-verbal accents often have the effect of making outsiders more difficult to understand.
这种微妙线索的存在也许有助于解释对来自不同背景的人们不自觉产生的偏见。正如我们所看到的，非言语特点往往会让人们更难以理解外国人。
At the very least, when people really want to understand each other, non-verbal accents show us that it’s good to talk.
不过，起码当人们真的想理解对方时，非言语特点向我们展示了开口交谈的好处。
英文来源：BBC
翻译&编辑：丹妮 | The accents that creep into the way we speak can reveal a lot about where we are from, but there are also subtle clues visible in our faces and the way we move.
While leafing through some old research papers, Hillary Elfenbein noticed something strange about the photographs in one famous study. The research from the late 1980s had asked volunteers if they were able to identify emotions in the faces of Japanese and Caucasian people. Some of the “Japanese” faces were posed by Japanese-Americans, the rest by Japanese nationals.
When Elfenbein herself looked at photographs, she realised that she could tell which were which. Her collaborator, Abby Marsh, found that she could too. So they ran an experiment.
They found that the Americans they tested were also strangely good at spotting who was Japanese and who was Japanese-American, even though they were all ethnically the same. When the two groups held neutral expressions, people could barely differentiate between them. But when they showed their feelings, especially sadness, something from Japan or America seemed to emerge.
You may have had this experience yourself, if you’ve ever been abroad and felt suddenly convinced that a passing stranger is one of your fellow countrymen. At times the signal may be obvious.
If you’ve seen the film
Inglourious Basterds
, you will know that German and British people indicate the number three with their fingers in different ways. Germans raise their thumb and first two fingers; Britons pin the little finger with their thumb and raise the rest. Most never realise that this difference exists until they see the alternative, which, to them, looks strange.
Some signals may be random quirks that happened to catch on. Others may have served a purpose. Vladimir Putin is said to display his KGB weapons training in the way he walks, with his “gun arm” hanging motionless by his side.
Since their initial discovery, Marsh and Elfenbein have detected more of these “non-verbal accents” – physical ways in which we show where we come from without realising. Americans, for example, can spot Australians from the way they smile, wave or walk.
More recent research supports their findings. A team at the University of Glasgow has now trained a computer to recognise and then generate more than 60 different non-verbal accents on a simulated face. Subtle, almost indecipherable differences in the way a nose wrinkles and a lip is raised were often all that differentiated them. But when East Asians were shown these artificial “East Asian” expressions, they recognised them much more easily than “Western” ones.
The presence of these subtle cues might help to explain the bias that can creep into our thinking about people from different backgrounds. As we’ve seen, non-verbal accents often have the effect of making outsiders more difficult to understand.
At the very least, when people really want to understand each other, non-verbal accents show us that it’s good to talk. | 科学家发现，即使不听对方说话，也可以辨认出一个人来自哪里。是不是很神奇？其实你也能做到，这是因为我们的表情动作也自带“口音”。
电影《无耻混蛋》剧照 （图片来源：环球影业）
我们说话时不经意间流露出的口音很大程度上会暴露我们是哪里人，但从我们的表情、手势和走路姿势也可以察觉到微妙的线索。
在翻阅一些旧论文时，希拉里·埃尔芬拜因注意到一项著名研究的照片中有一些奇怪的东西。上世纪80年代末的这项研究询问志愿者是否能识别日本人和高加索人脸上的表情。一些长着“日本脸”的人是日裔美国人，其余的是日本人。
当埃尔芬拜因观察那些照片时，她意识到自己能辨认出哪些是日裔美国人，哪些是日本人。她的合作者艾比·马什发现她也可以。于是她们就开展了一项实验。
她们发现，接受测试的美国人也不可思议地善于辨别日本人和日裔美国人，即使二者是同一种族。当两个群体都面带中性表情时，人们几乎难以区分。但当他们开始表露情绪，尤其是悲伤情绪时，日本或美国的一些特质就开始显现出来。
你自己也许也有过这种经历，如果你曾经出过国，突然间很确信走过你身边的一个陌生人就是你的同胞。有时候这种信号也许很明显。
如果你曾看过电影《无耻混蛋》，你会知道德国人和英国人用手指表示数字3的方式是不同的。德国人竖起大拇指、食指和中指，而英国人用大拇指压住小指，竖起其他三根手指。多数人从未意识到这种差异的存在，直到他们发现另外一种方式，在他们看来，这种方式很奇怪。
一些信号可能是偶然习得的一种随意的怪癖，而其他的信号也许是有用处的。据说从弗拉基米尔·普京的走路姿势可以看出他接受过苏联国家安全委员会（克格勃）的武器训练，因为他那只“持枪的手”不会摆动。
自从有了初步发现后，马什和埃尔芬拜因察觉到了更多这种“非言语特点”，这种肢体特点在我们不经意间暴露出自己是哪里人。举例而言，美国人可以从笑、招手或走路的方式识别出澳大利亚人。
新近的研究也支持了她们的发现。格拉斯哥大学的一个团队现在训练一台电脑识别并在一张模拟人脸上生成60多种不同的非言语特点。像皱鼻子、翘嘴这种几乎无法辨认的微妙差异往往就是识别的关键。但是东亚人识别“东亚”表情比识别“西方”表情要容易得多。
这种微妙线索的存在也许有助于解释对来自不同背景的人们不自觉产生的偏见。正如我们所看到的，非言语特点往往会让人们更难以理解外国人。
不过，起码当人们真的想理解对方时，非言语特点向我们展示了开口交谈的好处。
英文来源：BBC
翻译&编辑：丹妮 |
美国南加州大学的一名教授在给学生上传播学课程时，讲到不同语言中无意义的“填充词”时使用中文词“那个”举例，却因其发音听起来像歧视非裔的词语而被停职。
图片来源：推特
A US university investigation into one of its professors has ignited a debate over the use of a seemingly innocuous Chinese word.
美国一所大学对该校一名教授的调查，引发了一场关于使用一个看似无伤大雅的汉语词汇的争论。
innocuous [ɪˈnɒkjuəs]：adj.无害的；无伤大雅的
一起来看看教授的发言：
Professor Greg Patton at the University of Southern California (USC) was telling students in a communications lecture last month about filler, or pause words, such as 'err', 'umm' or 'you know' in English.
南加州大学的格雷格·巴顿教授在上个月的传播学课程中向学生教授英语中的填充词，也就是停顿词，比如“err”（呃）、“umm”（嗯）或者“you know”（你知道的）。
Footage of his lecture, which has now gone viral, shows Prof Patton saying: "In China, the common pause word is 'that, that, that'. So in China, it might be na-ge, na-ge, na-ge."
他的上课视频在网上疯传，视频中巴顿教授说：“在中国，常见的填充词是that，that，that，也就是‘那个，那个，那个’。”
Enunciated, na-ge sounds like the N-word, which led several of the professor's students to complain to the university. Responding to the complaint, the dean of the university, Geoffrey Garrett, told students that Prof Patton would no longer be teaching the course.
发音时，na-ge听起来像歧视非裔的词汇，这导致教授的几名学生向学校投诉。针对这些投诉，该校（沃顿商学院）院长杰弗里·加勒特告诉学生，巴顿教授将不再教授这门课。
The university says that Prof Patton "volunteered to step away" from his role amid the investigation into complaints made against him.
该大学表示，在调查针对巴顿教授的投诉期间，巴顿教授“自愿停职”。
In a statement, the school said Patton "agreed to take a short-term pause" from teaching the course, and another instructor took over. Patton continues to teach his other courses.
该大学在一份声明中说，巴顿教授“同意暂时停止”教授这门课程，并由另一位老师接替。他仍将教授其他课程。
News of the spat reached China, where many posted on social media saying they thought his punishment discriminated against speakers of the Chinese language.
这则消息传到了中国，许多人在社交媒体上发帖说，他们认为对巴顿教授的处罚是对讲中文人群的歧视。
翻译的误区
In Chinese the word "na-ge" (那个) is a common filler phrase that people use when they're hesitating or trying to find the right word. It literally translates to the word "that".
在汉语中，“那个”是一种常见的填充词，人们在感到犹豫，或试图找到合适的词时常这样说，从字面上可以翻译为that。
In July 2016, a fight broke out on the subway in the city of Guangzhou, after a black man heard a Chinese man saying na-ge and mistook it for the N-word.
2016年7月，广州的地铁上发生了一场打斗，起因是一名非裔男子听到一名中国男子说“那个”，误以为是歧视非裔的词汇。
Footage went viral online showing the black man slapping the Chinese commuter and shouting "you dare try that again" and "never say that again"
在网上疯传的视频中，这名黑人男子扇了中国乘客一耳光，并大喊“你敢再说一次”和“再也不要这样说了”。
Even Chinese basketball star Yao Ming has spoken of how the word brought him "some trouble" while playing in the US for the National Basketball Association (NBA).
就连中国篮球明星姚明也表示，在美国为NBA效力时，这个词也曾给他带来“一些麻烦”。
普遍的错误
CC Chen, a student at the USC, defended Prof Patton, arguing that it was "clearly an academic lecture on communication" and the professor was "describing a universal mistake commonly made in communication".
南加州大学的学生CC·陈为巴顿教授辩护称，这“显然是一堂传播学课程”，而巴顿教授是在“描述传播中经常犯的一个普遍错误”。
"For him to be censored simply because a Chinese word sounds like an English pejorative term is a mistake and is not appropriate, especially given the educational setting," she said. "It also dismisses the fact that Chinese is a real language and has its own pronunciations that have no relation to English."
她说：“对他来说，仅仅因为一个汉语词汇听起来像英语中的轻蔑语就被审查是错误的，也是不恰当的，尤其是在课堂上。这还否定了一个事实，即汉语是一门真正的语言，有自己的发音，与英语没有关系。”
More than 11,000 people have now signed a Change.org petition calling for Prof Patton to be re-instated. And in China there are discussions taking place over whether the university acted too abruptly.
目前已有1.1万多人在Change.org网站上签名请愿，要求让巴顿教授复职。而在中国，人们也在讨论该校的行为是否过于唐突。
On the popular Sina Weibo microblog, more than 1,000 posts have used the hashtag #USProfessorSuspendedForUsingNaGe, with many viewing the move as a suppression of Chinese speech.
在人气颇高的新浪微博上，已有1000多条帖子使用#美国教授因使用那个被停职标签，许多人认为这一举动是对汉语的压制。
"Is it now forbidden to speak Chinese in the United States?" asked one Sina Weibo user.
一位新浪微博用户问道：“现在美国禁止说汉语吗？”
Some Chinese posters on Sina Weibo argued that USC, in suspending Prof Patton, had chosen "political correctness" over genuine change.
一些中国网友在新浪微博上表示，南加州大学让巴顿教授停职，是选择了“政治正确”，而不是真正的变革。
"There should be respect for differences," wrote one Weibo user.
一位微博用户写道：“人们应该尊重差异。”
Back in the US, USC staff and students reacted to the decision to suspend Prof Patton.
在美国，南加州大学的教职工和学生对巴顿教授的停职也有看法。
"There's no language superior to the other," Chengyan Wu, Co-President of USC Chinese Student and Scholar Association, told the university's student news organisation.
南加州大学中国学生学者协会联合主席吴承彦（音）对该校学生新闻机构表示：“没有哪种语言比其他语言更优越。”
"Restating the rights of one minority group should not be at the expense of violating the other," he said. "We have the right to use our own language."
他说：“重申一个少数群体的权利不应以侵犯另一个群体为代价。我们有权利使用自己的语言。”
英文来源：BBC、洛杉矶时报
翻译&编辑：yaning | A US university investigation into one of its professors has ignited a debate over the use of a seemingly innocuous Chinese word.
Professor Greg Patton at the University of Southern California (USC) was telling students in a communications lecture last month about filler, or pause words, such as 'err', 'umm' or 'you know' in English.
Footage of his lecture, which has now gone viral, shows Prof Patton saying: "In China, the common pause word is 'that, that, that'. So in China, it might be na-ge, na-ge, na-ge."
Enunciated, na-ge sounds like the N-word, which led several of the professor's students to complain to the university. Responding to the complaint, the dean of the university, Geoffrey Garrett, told students that Prof Patton would no longer be teaching the course.
The university says that Prof Patton "volunteered to step away" from his role amid the investigation into complaints made against him.
In a statement, the school said Patton "agreed to take a short-term pause" from teaching the course, and another instructor took over. Patton continues to teach his other courses.
News of the spat reached China, where many posted on social media saying they thought his punishment discriminated against speakers of the Chinese language.
In July 2016, a fight broke out on the subway in the city of Guangzhou, after a black man heard a Chinese man saying na-ge and mistook it for the N-word.
Footage went viral online showing the black man slapping the Chinese commuter and shouting "you dare try that again" and "never say that again"
Even Chinese basketball star Yao Ming has spoken of how the word brought him "some trouble" while playing in the US for the National Basketball Association (NBA).
CC Chen, a student at the USC, defended Prof Patton, arguing that it was "clearly an academic lecture on communication" and the professor was "describing a universal mistake commonly made in communication".
"For him to be censored simply because a Chinese word sounds like an English pejorative term is a mistake and is not appropriate, especially given the educational setting," she said. "It also dismisses the fact that Chinese is a real language and has its own pronunciations that have no relation to English."
More than 11,000 people have now signed a Change.org petition calling for Prof Patton to be re-instated. And in China there are discussions taking place over whether the university acted too abruptly.
On the popular Sina Weibo microblog, more than 1,000 posts have used the hashtag #USProfessorSuspendedForUsingNaGe, with many viewing the move as a suppression of Chinese speech.
"Is it now forbidden to speak Chinese in the United States?" asked one Sina Weibo user.
Some Chinese posters on Sina Weibo argued that USC, in suspending Prof Patton, had chosen "political correctness" over genuine change.
"There should be respect for differences," wrote one Weibo user.
Back in the US, USC staff and students reacted to the decision to suspend Prof Patton.
"There's no language superior to the other," Chengyan Wu, Co-President of USC Chinese Student and Scholar Association, told the university's student news organisation.
"Restating the rights of one minority group should not be at the expense of violating the other," he said. "We have the right to use our own language." | 美国南加州大学的一名教授在给学生上传播学课程时，讲到不同语言中无意义的“填充词”时使用中文词“那个”举例，却因其发音听起来像歧视非裔的词语而被停职。
图片来源：推特
美国一所大学对该校一名教授的调查，引发了一场关于使用一个看似无伤大雅的汉语词汇的争论。
innocuous [ɪˈnɒkjuəs]：adj.无害的；无伤大雅的
一起来看看教授的发言：
南加州大学的格雷格·巴顿教授在上个月的传播学课程中向学生教授英语中的填充词，也就是停顿词，比如“err”（呃）、“umm”（嗯）或者“you know”（你知道的）。
他的上课视频在网上疯传，视频中巴顿教授说：“在中国，常见的填充词是that，that，that，也就是‘那个，那个，那个’。”
发音时，na-ge听起来像歧视非裔的词汇，这导致教授的几名学生向学校投诉。针对这些投诉，该校（沃顿商学院）院长杰弗里·加勒特告诉学生，巴顿教授将不再教授这门课。
该大学表示，在调查针对巴顿教授的投诉期间，巴顿教授“自愿停职”。
该大学在一份声明中说，巴顿教授“同意暂时停止”教授这门课程，并由另一位老师接替。他仍将教授其他课程。
这则消息传到了中国，许多人在社交媒体上发帖说，他们认为对巴顿教授的处罚是对讲中文人群的歧视。
翻译的误区
In Chinese the word "na-ge" (那个) is a common filler phrase that people use when they're hesitating or trying to find the right word. It literally translates to the word "that".
在汉语中，“那个”是一种常见的填充词，人们在感到犹豫，或试图找到合适的词时常这样说，从字面上可以翻译为that。
2016年7月，广州的地铁上发生了一场打斗，起因是一名非裔男子听到一名中国男子说“那个”，误以为是歧视非裔的词汇。
在网上疯传的视频中，这名黑人男子扇了中国乘客一耳光，并大喊“你敢再说一次”和“再也不要这样说了”。
就连中国篮球明星姚明也表示，在美国为NBA效力时，这个词也曾给他带来“一些麻烦”。
普遍的错误
南加州大学的学生CC·陈为巴顿教授辩护称，这“显然是一堂传播学课程”，而巴顿教授是在“描述传播中经常犯的一个普遍错误”。
她说：“对他来说，仅仅因为一个汉语词汇听起来像英语中的轻蔑语就被审查是错误的，也是不恰当的，尤其是在课堂上。这还否定了一个事实，即汉语是一门真正的语言，有自己的发音，与英语没有关系。”
目前已有1.1万多人在Change.org网站上签名请愿，要求让巴顿教授复职。而在中国，人们也在讨论该校的行为是否过于唐突。
在人气颇高的新浪微博上，已有1000多条帖子使用#美国教授因使用那个被停职标签，许多人认为这一举动是对汉语的压制。
一位新浪微博用户问道：“现在美国禁止说汉语吗？”
一些中国网友在新浪微博上表示，南加州大学让巴顿教授停职，是选择了“政治正确”，而不是真正的变革。
一位微博用户写道：“人们应该尊重差异。”
在美国，南加州大学的教职工和学生对巴顿教授的停职也有看法。
南加州大学中国学生学者协会联合主席吴承彦（音）对该校学生新闻机构表示：“没有哪种语言比其他语言更优越。”
他说：“重申一个少数群体的权利不应以侵犯另一个群体为代价。我们有权利使用自己的语言。”
英文来源：BBC、洛杉矶时报
翻译&编辑：yaning |
午休时间本来是吃午饭的时间，然而，英国的一项调查发现，67%的职场人士都在午休时间做其他事情，包括工作、处理私事、刷手机、看视频，如果肚子饿了就在上班时间随便吃两口，你也是这样吗？
Photo by Helena Lopes on Unsplash
Just one in five workers use their lunch break to actually eat every day — with most using the time to catch up on personal errands and browse social media instead.
只有五分之一的职员每天在午休时间吃饭，大多数人都是在午休时间打理私事或刷社交媒体。
A study of 2,000 UK professionals found 79% will tuck into their food as they work, so they can use their "lunch break" to do other things.
一项对2000名英国职场人士的研究发现，79%的人会一边工作一边吃东西，这样他们就可以利用午休时间来做其他事情。
Watching YouTube videos, walking the dog and playing with apps on their phones are also among some of the ways people spend their lunch break.
看看油管视频，遛遛狗，玩玩手机应用也是人们度过午休时间的其中几种方式。
The study, commissioned by Samsung KX, is designed to inspire people to reclaim their lunch breaks.
三星KX委托开展的这项研究旨在启发人们重拾午休时间。
"We all need to make time for ourselves and our research has shown how few really are," said Tanya Weller, director of Samsung Showcase KX. “It’s easy to get caught up in a piece of work, but people aren’t even giving themselves a moment to eat — let alone do anything else."
三星KX展示馆的馆长塔尼娅·韦勒说：“大家都需要给自己留点时间，而我们的调查显示，真正有时间午休的人少之又少。我们很容易被一项工作缠得脱不开身，但是人们甚至连吃点东西的时间都没有——更别说做其他事情了。”
According to the study, approximately 40% of respondents would like more time to pursue hobbies and interests during their lunch break, as they feel work has completely taken over. But 67% will frequently skip their midday meal altogether, with the average person only managing to take a proper break from their work three days a week.
根据这项研究，大约40%的受访者希望午休时能有更多时间来发展自己的兴趣爱好，因为他们觉得自己的生活完全被工作占据了。但是67%的人会经常不吃午饭，每周平均只有三天的时间可以在中午好好地休息一下。
The study, which was carried out by OnePoll, also found 46% of those polled find their job is simply too busy to take time out of their day to rejuvenate, whereas 15% get so side-tracked they forget to take lunch. Another 13% claimed the culture of their workplace makes them feel as though they shouldn’t have a break, with 1 in 10 even feeling guilty for having some time to themselves.
市场调研机构OnePoll开展的这项研究发现，46%的受访者工作太忙无暇休息，而15%的人因为琐事缠身而忘记吃午饭。还有13%的人表示自己公司的企业文化让他们觉得自己不应该休息，其中有十分之一的人甚至因为在午休时间做自己的事而感到愧疚。
Photo by The Creative Exchange on Unsplash
But 37% said they don’t know what to do with their time, so they just don’t bother to take a lunch break.
37%的人表示午休时间不知道该干什么，因此他们干脆就不午休了。
It also emerged that 43% will usually spend their allocated break time at their desk, with just a fifth stepping away to chill on the sofa. As a result, around 70% confessed to checking work emails or taking calls during their lunch time, rather than enjoying themselves.
研究还发现，43%的人通常会在办公桌前度过午休时间，只有五分之一的人会离开办公桌，到沙发上去休息。正因如此，约有70%的人坦言自己在午休时间查看工作邮件或接电话，而不是享受这段时光。
Participants said they would prefer to spend their downtime watching episodes of their favourite TV shows, playing computer games or even getting creative by painting, drawing or making music on a device.
受访者称，他们更愿意在休息时间看自己喜欢的电视剧、玩电子游戏或从事一些有创造力的活动，比如油画、素描或弹奏音乐。
The problem is, the average worker surveyed was allowed only up to 40 minutes to take a break from work, and many only take a third of this time — or less than 15 minutes — taking a rest.
问题在于，受访的员工平均只有最多40分钟的时间可以午休，许多人只用了其中三分之一的时间（不到15分钟）来休息。
A third would like to be able to spend more time stretching their legs and going for a walk during this time, while a fifth want to listen to music more often. As a result, they would like an additional 26 minutes a day to do things they really enjoy during their lunch break.
三分之一的受访者希望能有更多午休时间来活动筋骨，出去走走，而五分之一的人希望有更多时间可以听音乐。因此，他们希望每天的午休时间可以额外增加26分钟，让他们可以做自己真正喜欢的事情。
英文来源：福克斯新闻网
翻译&编辑：丹妮 | Photo by Helena Lopes on Unsplash
Just one in five workers use their lunch break to actually eat every day — with most using the time to catch up on personal errands and browse social media instead.
A study of 2,000 UK professionals found 79% will tuck into their food as they work, so they can use their "lunch break" to do other things.
Watching YouTube videos, walking the dog and playing with apps on their phones are also among some of the ways people spend their lunch break.
The study, commissioned by Samsung KX, is designed to inspire people to reclaim their lunch breaks.
"We all need to make time for ourselves and our research has shown how few really are," said Tanya Weller, director of Samsung Showcase KX. “It’s easy to get caught up in a piece of work, but people aren’t even giving themselves a moment to eat — let alone do anything else."
According to the study, approximately 40% of respondents would like more time to pursue hobbies and interests during their lunch break, as they feel work has completely taken over. But 67% will frequently skip their midday meal altogether, with the average person only managing to take a proper break from their work three days a week.
The study, which was carried out by OnePoll, also found 46% of those polled find their job is simply too busy to take time out of their day to rejuvenate, whereas 15% get so side-tracked they forget to take lunch. Another 13% claimed the culture of their workplace makes them feel as though they shouldn’t have a break, with 1 in 10 even feeling guilty for having some time to themselves.
Photo by The Creative Exchange on Unsplash
But 37% said they don’t know what to do with their time, so they just don’t bother to take a lunch break.
It also emerged that 43% will usually spend their allocated break time at their desk, with just a fifth stepping away to chill on the sofa. As a result, around 70% confessed to checking work emails or taking calls during their lunch time, rather than enjoying themselves.
Participants said they would prefer to spend their downtime watching episodes of their favourite TV shows, playing computer games or even getting creative by painting, drawing or making music on a device.
The problem is, the average worker surveyed was allowed only up to 40 minutes to take a break from work, and many only take a third of this time — or less than 15 minutes — taking a rest.
A third would like to be able to spend more time stretching their legs and going for a walk during this time, while a fifth want to listen to music more often. As a result, they would like an additional 26 minutes a day to do things they really enjoy during their lunch break. | 午休时间本来是吃午饭的时间，然而，英国的一项调查发现，67%的职场人士都在午休时间做其他事情，包括工作、处理私事、刷手机、看视频，如果肚子饿了就在上班时间随便吃两口，你也是这样吗？
只有五分之一的职员每天在午休时间吃饭，大多数人都是在午休时间打理私事或刷社交媒体。
一项对2000名英国职场人士的研究发现，79%的人会一边工作一边吃东西，这样他们就可以利用午休时间来做其他事情。
看看油管视频，遛遛狗，玩玩手机应用也是人们度过午休时间的其中几种方式。
三星KX委托开展的这项研究旨在启发人们重拾午休时间。
三星KX展示馆的馆长塔尼娅·韦勒说：“大家都需要给自己留点时间，而我们的调查显示，真正有时间午休的人少之又少。我们很容易被一项工作缠得脱不开身，但是人们甚至连吃点东西的时间都没有——更别说做其他事情了。”
根据这项研究，大约40%的受访者希望午休时能有更多时间来发展自己的兴趣爱好，因为他们觉得自己的生活完全被工作占据了。但是67%的人会经常不吃午饭，每周平均只有三天的时间可以在中午好好地休息一下。
市场调研机构OnePoll开展的这项研究发现，46%的受访者工作太忙无暇休息，而15%的人因为琐事缠身而忘记吃午饭。还有13%的人表示自己公司的企业文化让他们觉得自己不应该休息，其中有十分之一的人甚至因为在午休时间做自己的事而感到愧疚。
37%的人表示午休时间不知道该干什么，因此他们干脆就不午休了。
研究还发现，43%的人通常会在办公桌前度过午休时间，只有五分之一的人会离开办公桌，到沙发上去休息。正因如此，约有70%的人坦言自己在午休时间查看工作邮件或接电话，而不是享受这段时光。
受访者称，他们更愿意在休息时间看自己喜欢的电视剧、玩电子游戏或从事一些有创造力的活动，比如油画、素描或弹奏音乐。
问题在于，受访的员工平均只有最多40分钟的时间可以午休，许多人只用了其中三分之一的时间（不到15分钟）来休息。
三分之一的受访者希望能有更多午休时间来活动筋骨，出去走走，而五分之一的人希望有更多时间可以听音乐。因此，他们希望每天的午休时间可以额外增加26分钟，让他们可以做自己真正喜欢的事情。
英文来源：福克斯新闻网
翻译&编辑：丹妮 |
昨天，一篇《外卖骑手，困在系统里》刷屏。
文章称在外卖平台与系统的算法驱动下，外卖骑手成了高危职业，与死神赛跑。“一个制造了巨大价值的行业，反成为一个社会问题的制造者。”
An article shedding light on China's food deliverymen became highly circulated on Chinese social media app WeChat on Tuesday. Titled "Food deliverymen, stuck in the system", the article caused widespread concern by showing the worsening conditions faced by the country's deliverymen.
周二，一篇聚焦外卖小哥的文章在微信上刷屏。这篇名为《外卖骑手，困在系统里》的文章聚焦算法驱动下外卖骑手面临的困境，引发社会广泛关注。
文章写道，在数据系统的评价体系之下，外卖骑手只得在被不断“吞掉”的送达时间下争分夺秒，有时甚至冒着交通事故的风险。
“外卖骑手”由此成为高危职业。
Drivers of the food delivery service Eleme begin their morning shift in Beijing, Sept 21, 2017. [Photo/Agencies]
According to the article, deliverymen are facing physical and mental pressure and even risks of traffic accidents due to competing algorithms and time limits set by food delivery apps.
文章称，在外卖软件算法时间限制的压力下，外卖骑手身心都面临压力，甚至要冒着交通事故的风险。
Based on narratives of a mixed group of food delivery service workers (especially deliveryman) and scholars, the article concludes food delivery is becoming one of the most high-risk occupations. Data to this end is cited by the article, which shows injuries and deaths of deliverymen were reported every 2.5 days on average in the first half of 2017 in Shanghai.
基于对外卖业内人士（特别是外卖小哥）和学者的采访，文章写道，外卖小哥已经成为高危行业之一。数据也佐证了这一点，根据2017年上半年的数据，上海平均每2.5天就有1名外卖骑手伤亡。
截至发稿前，该文已经获得近10万次“在看”。
在文章评论区，网友纷纷写道“忍痛看完了”，称外卖行业的问题的确是一个巨大的隐患。一些网友甚至点名各家外卖巨头，希望平台可以“对外卖员宽容一点”“人性化一点”，从根本上解决问题。
In the comment section of the article, netizens call for more understanding and tolerance for deliverymen. "While we are enjoying the convenience of food delivery, the deliveryman's safety is at risk," wrote liyu, one commenter.
在文章的评论区，网友呼吁平台和用户给予外卖小哥更多的理解，一位叫“俚语”的网友写道：“我们在享受便利的同时也在剥削骑手的安全。”
文章发布后，次日凌晨一点，外卖平台饿了么分别在其微信、微博官方账号上发表声明。
声明开篇即回应“系统是死的，人是活的”。并提出给增加“多等5分钟”功能：
“饿了么会尽快发布新功能：在结算付款的时候增加一个 “我愿意多等5分钟/10分钟”的小按钮。如果你不是很着急，可以点一下，多给蓝骑士一点点时间。饿了么也会为你的善解人意做一些回馈，可能是一个小红包或者吃货豆。”
Online food ordering platform Ele.me responded on its official social media accounts by adding a "5 more minutes waiting" button to its interface. Users can grant deliverymen 5 or 10 more minutes to deliver the food by pressing the button. If they do so, users are rewarded with coupons for their next order.
虽然评论区不乏一些支持的声音，如“真好，这样我就不用每次都备注不需要赶时间的话了”等等。但仍有很多网友对这一解决方案表示不满，称此举未从根本上解决问题，却将问题转嫁给消费者。
评论区甚至有人表示，这一举措是在“把刀递到消费者手中”，更有发出灵魂之问者：“你愿意少挣五块吗？”
But this solution was criticized, as users thought it shirked responsibility by "passing the knife” to consumers. One top-rated comment said, "Rather than keep consumers waiting, the platform should optimize the system and rationalize the delivery time."
但饿了么这一解决方案却被网友视为推卸责任，“往消费者手里递刀”。获赞最多的一条评论写道，“与其要求客户多等，不如平台优化系统，设定送达时间的时候不要那么极限，派单更加合理。”
据澎湃新闻报道，9月9日，饿了么有关负责人向澎湃新闻记者表示，官方发布新功能是自主选择的，主要考虑是想给那些不着急的用户，愿意多等待一会儿的用户一个选择权。对于这些用户给到的宽容，我们平台也会给用户回馈，以示用户对骑手理解的感谢。
第一财经报道称，记者致电美团，美团方面则表示：暂不回应此事，下周会举办小范围的外卖业务沟通会。
你如何看待这篇文章和饿了么的回应呢？留言区告诉我们。
来源：中国日报双语新闻微信
作者：小卷心菜 | An article shedding light on China's food deliverymen became highly circulated on Chinese social media app WeChat on Tuesday. Titled "Food deliverymen, stuck in the system", the article caused widespread concern by showing the worsening conditions faced by the country's deliverymen.
Drivers of the food delivery service Eleme begin their morning shift in Beijing, Sept 21, 2017. [Photo/Agencies]
According to the article, deliverymen are facing physical and mental pressure and even risks of traffic accidents due to competing algorithms and time limits set by food delivery apps.
Based on narratives of a mixed group of food delivery service workers (especially deliveryman) and scholars, the article concludes food delivery is becoming one of the most high-risk occupations. Data to this end is cited by the article, which shows injuries and deaths of deliverymen were reported every 2.5 days on average in the first half of 2017 in Shanghai.
In the comment section of the article, netizens call for more understanding and tolerance for deliverymen. "While we are enjoying the convenience of food delivery, the deliveryman's safety is at risk," wrote liyu, one commenter.
Online food ordering platform Ele.me responded on its official social media accounts by adding a "5 more minutes waiting" button to its interface. Users can grant deliverymen 5 or 10 more minutes to deliver the food by pressing the button. If they do so, users are rewarded with coupons for their next order.
But this solution was criticized, as users thought it shirked responsibility by "passing the knife” to consumers. One top-rated comment said, "Rather than keep consumers waiting, the platform should optimize the system and rationalize the delivery time." | 昨天，一篇《外卖骑手，困在系统里》刷屏。
文章称在外卖平台与系统的算法驱动下，外卖骑手成了高危职业，与死神赛跑。“一个制造了巨大价值的行业，反成为一个社会问题的制造者。”
周二，一篇聚焦外卖小哥的文章在微信上刷屏。这篇名为《外卖骑手，困在系统里》的文章聚焦算法驱动下外卖骑手面临的困境，引发社会广泛关注。
文章写道，在数据系统的评价体系之下，外卖骑手只得在被不断“吞掉”的送达时间下争分夺秒，有时甚至冒着交通事故的风险。
“外卖骑手”由此成为高危职业。
文章称，在外卖软件算法时间限制的压力下，外卖骑手身心都面临压力，甚至要冒着交通事故的风险。
基于对外卖业内人士（特别是外卖小哥）和学者的采访，文章写道，外卖小哥已经成为高危行业之一。数据也佐证了这一点，根据2017年上半年的数据，上海平均每2.5天就有1名外卖骑手伤亡。
截至发稿前，该文已经获得近10万次“在看”。
在文章评论区，网友纷纷写道“忍痛看完了”，称外卖行业的问题的确是一个巨大的隐患。一些网友甚至点名各家外卖巨头，希望平台可以“对外卖员宽容一点”“人性化一点”，从根本上解决问题。
在文章的评论区，网友呼吁平台和用户给予外卖小哥更多的理解，一位叫“俚语”的网友写道：“我们在享受便利的同时也在剥削骑手的安全。”
文章发布后，次日凌晨一点，外卖平台饿了么分别在其微信、微博官方账号上发表声明。
声明开篇即回应“系统是死的，人是活的”。并提出给增加“多等5分钟”功能：
“饿了么会尽快发布新功能：在结算付款的时候增加一个 “我愿意多等5分钟/10分钟”的小按钮。如果你不是很着急，可以点一下，多给蓝骑士一点点时间。饿了么也会为你的善解人意做一些回馈，可能是一个小红包或者吃货豆。”
虽然评论区不乏一些支持的声音，如“真好，这样我就不用每次都备注不需要赶时间的话了”等等。但仍有很多网友对这一解决方案表示不满，称此举未从根本上解决问题，却将问题转嫁给消费者。
评论区甚至有人表示，这一举措是在“把刀递到消费者手中”，更有发出灵魂之问者：“你愿意少挣五块吗？”
但饿了么这一解决方案却被网友视为推卸责任，“往消费者手里递刀”。获赞最多的一条评论写道，“与其要求客户多等，不如平台优化系统，设定送达时间的时候不要那么极限，派单更加合理。”
据澎湃新闻报道，9月9日，饿了么有关负责人向澎湃新闻记者表示，官方发布新功能是自主选择的，主要考虑是想给那些不着急的用户，愿意多等待一会儿的用户一个选择权。对于这些用户给到的宽容，我们平台也会给用户回馈，以示用户对骑手理解的感谢。
第一财经报道称，记者致电美团，美团方面则表示：暂不回应此事，下周会举办小范围的外卖业务沟通会。
你如何看待这篇文章和饿了么的回应呢？留言区告诉我们。
来源：中国日报双语新闻微信
作者：小卷心菜 |
前段时间，教育部颁布的《高等学校命名暂行办法》规定了之后的大学、学院、高职等学校的命名事项。
《办法》称学校校名不能用的字词包括：“中华” “中国” “国家” “国际” “华北” “华东” “东北” “西南”；还不得冠以学校所在城市以外的地域名，不得使用其他组织或个人拥有的商标、字号、名称等，不得使用国外高校的中文译名和简称等等，详见这里。
这一《办法》的出台自然是为了正一正高校无端改名的现象，让学校回归学习与研究。在《办法》出台前，许多高校的确都改过名。
早在新中国成立以前，武汉大学就历经武昌高等师范学校、国立武昌大学、国立第二中山大学以及国立武汉大学等数个名字，类似的，华中科技大学以前也叫过华中工学院和华中理工大学。
进入新世纪，高等院校改自己的名字也没有停下来，例如，北方交通大学2003年改名为北京交通大学，其实1970年之前，它本就叫做北京交通大学。绕晕了吧。另外，中国传媒大学是2004年才更了名，此前叫做北京广播学院。
Photo by Matthis Volquardsen from Pexels
相似的是，英国的大学也很喜欢改名，令人忍俊不禁。比方说，往名字里加“伦敦”就认为听起来高大上。
往校名里加“伦敦”二字
Use ‘London’ in your title
Increasingly, institutions a little closer to the capital are including London in their name. Thames Valley University became the University of West London in 2011, Brunel University added London to its title in 2014 after gaining permission from the Privy Council, and others that use the capital in their title include Kingston University and Middlesex University.
越来越多离首都稍近一点的大学将伦敦加到名字里。泰晤士河河谷大学在2011年改名为西伦敦大学，布鲁内尔大学在获得枢密院的许可后于2014年将伦敦加到名字里，其他在名称中使用首都名的学校还包括金斯敦大学和米德尔塞克斯大学。
According to Paul Temple, reader emeritus at the UCL Institute of Education, adding London to a name suggests that an institution is part of the illustrious Golden Triangle with Oxford and Cambridge. It also evokes the glamour and culture unmatched by any other UK city, in an effort to hook prospective international students and British countryside dwellers alike, he said.
伦敦大学学院教育学院的荣休副教授保罗·坦普尔表示，将伦敦添加到校名中看起来像该校与牛津大学和剑桥大学一起组成了著名的“金三角”。他说，这也让学生联想到英国其他城市无法比拟的魅力和文化，这么做旨在吸引潜在的国际学生和英国农村居民。
《哈利·波特》的作者罗琳自己可能也没想到笔下的霍格沃茨魔法学校的设定会成为许多大学竞相模仿的对象，虽说名字不能改成魔法学校，但是餐厅却可以布置成古色古香的挑高模样。
模仿霍格沃茨
Imitate Hogwarts
Maximize the history. Students love institutions with pedigree: the older, the better. The websites of the universities of Durham, Edinburgh and Newcastle are littered with images of their oldest buildings. So much so, that you could be forgiven for thinking that the entire city around the university is ancient and ornate.
要把历史夸大。学生喜欢有悠久历史谱系的机构：越老越好。杜伦大学、爱丁堡大学和纽卡斯尔大学的网站上到处都是他们最古老的建筑的图片，多到让你以为大学周围的整个城市都是古老而华丽的，这不足为奇。
Winston Kwon, Chancellor’s fellow in strategy in the University of Edinburgh’s business school, suggests that the popularity of the Harry Potter books has played a part in the shift, with J. K. Rowling’s work offering a fantasy-world remix of the Oxbridge aesthetic.
爱丁堡大学商学院战略研究员温斯顿·权认为，《哈利波特》系列书籍的受欢迎程度对这种转变起到了一定的作用，J.K.罗琳的作品提供了一种混合了牛津剑桥美学的幻想世界。
Dining halls with vaulted ceilings impress applicants looking for a “traditional” education, which tends to correlate well with strong performance in the league tables. Adopting a traditional coat of arms, a Latin motto, and if possible a castle, will surely make those Ucas applications come flying in…by owl, of course.
带有拱形天花板的餐厅给寻求“传统”教育的申请者们留下了深刻印象，这往往与在排行榜上的优异表现有很好的关联。采用传统的纹章，拉丁语的格言，如果有可能，最好还有一座城堡，这就肯定会让那些大学入学申请信被猫头鹰叼着送来送去......是吧。
英国高校改名还喜欢蹭皇室的光，名字里不是“皇家”就是“女王”，再不济也要有个“摄政王”。
有皇家内味儿
Sound as British as possible
Adopting a regal-style name is a relatively easy way to woo the international crowd. Royal Holloway, Queen Mary and Imperial all sound royally English, something the likes of the University of Westminster and Regent’s University London (which cannily also has the capital in its name) may have tried to emulate.
用一个王室风格的名字会比较能吸引到国际学生。皇家霍洛威、玛丽女王和帝国理工听起来都很有英国王室味道，像威斯敏斯特大学和伦敦摄政大学（瞧这学校还有首都的名字）这些学校也纷纷效仿。
Royal Holloway
数年前，伦敦国王学院就因为名字里有“学院”二字，而想要直接去掉。但是剩下的“King's London”激起了一众学生、老师、和校友的联署反对。毕竟怎么听怎么像《权游》里的“King’s Landing”。
Students at King’s College London set up an e-petition to stop the institution’s rebranding plans, which they labelled “bizarre”. They added that the change would “undermine almost 200 years of tradition” at “huge and unnecessary expense”.
伦敦国王学院的学生们拟了一份电子请愿书来阻止该校的更名计划，他们说这个改名计划“很怪异”。他们还表示，这么改名“破坏了近200年的传统”，且代价是“巨大而不必要的”。
More than 12,000 staff, students and alumni signed the petition, and just over a month after the protest was launched, King’s ditched its plans.
超过12000名教职工、学生和校友在请愿书上签了名，而就在抗议活动发起一个多月后，伦敦国王学院放弃了改名计划。
King’s College London
利兹大都会大学的学生听说学校想改名，明确表示了反对。但没用，学校还是改成了“利兹贝克特大学”。
Thousands also “liked” a Facebook group calling for Leeds Metropolitan University to keep its name, but to no avail – it was reborn as Leeds Beckett University in 2014.
有成千上万的人给一个Facebook小组点了赞，呼吁利兹大都会大学保留它的名字，但无济于事——它在2014年被重新命名为利兹贝克特大学。
Leeds Beckett University
高校改名不是一件小事。伦敦国王学院虽然改名没成功，但是也花了30万英镑。利兹大都会大学改成利兹贝克特大学也花了25万英镑。花钱的地方很多，比方说公文信笺抬头重做重印就很花钱。
关于英国高校改名，Kwon说得很明白，新瓶装旧酒注定卖不动。
According to Kwon, “Rebranding on its own is like putting a new coat of paint on an old house. If the house has been thoughtfully updated, then the paint is a symbol of that, and will resonate with the target audience.” However, “if it is just a coat of paint on a tired structure, then people quickly see through it because the message doesn’t resonate”.
在温斯顿·权看来，“给学校改名就像给旧房子涂上一层新漆。如果房子很用心地改造过，那么新油漆就是一种象征，并会能引起目标受众的共鸣。然而，如果这只是一个老旧房子上的一层新油漆，那么人们很快就会看穿它，因为这层新信息无法获得共鸣。
Note
reader [ˈriːdər] n. 准教授（英国大学教师，仅次于教授）
emeritus [emeritus] adj. （常指大学教师）退休后保留头衔的，荣誉退休的
ornate [ɔːrˈneɪt] adj. 华美的；富丽的；豪华的
vaulted [ˈvɔːltɪd] adj. 拱形的；有拱顶的
coat of arms n. 盾形纹章；盾徽
regal [ˈriːɡl] adj. 帝王的；王室的；豪华的
rebrand [ˌriːˈbrænd] v. 重塑…的形象（如通过改变名称或广告）
to little/no avail 没有什么效果；不成功
resonate [ˈrezəneɪt] v. 引起共鸣；和…的想法（或观念）类似
编辑：左卓 李雪晴
参考来源：Thames Higher Education；百度百科 | Photo by Matthis Volquardsen from Pexels
Use ‘London’ in your title
Increasingly, institutions a little closer to the capital are including London in their name. Thames Valley University became the University of West London in 2011, Brunel University added London to its title in 2014 after gaining permission from the Privy Council, and others that use the capital in their title include Kingston University and Middlesex University.
According to Paul Temple, reader emeritus at the UCL Institute of Education, adding London to a name suggests that an institution is part of the illustrious Golden Triangle with Oxford and Cambridge. It also evokes the glamour and culture unmatched by any other UK city, in an effort to hook prospective international students and British countryside dwellers alike, he said.
Imitate Hogwarts
Maximize the history. Students love institutions with pedigree: the older, the better. The websites of the universities of Durham, Edinburgh and Newcastle are littered with images of their oldest buildings. So much so, that you could be forgiven for thinking that the entire city around the university is ancient and ornate.
Winston Kwon, Chancellor’s fellow in strategy in the University of Edinburgh’s business school, suggests that the popularity of the Harry Potter books has played a part in the shift, with J. K. Rowling’s work offering a fantasy-world remix of the Oxbridge aesthetic.
Dining halls with vaulted ceilings impress applicants looking for a “traditional” education, which tends to correlate well with strong performance in the league tables. Adopting a traditional coat of arms, a Latin motto, and if possible a castle, will surely make those Ucas applications come flying in…by owl, of course.
Sound as British as possible
Adopting a regal-style name is a relatively easy way to woo the international crowd. Royal Holloway, Queen Mary and Imperial all sound royally English, something the likes of the University of Westminster and Regent’s University London (which cannily also has the capital in its name) may have tried to emulate.
Royal Holloway
Students at King’s College London set up an e-petition to stop the institution’s rebranding plans, which they labelled “bizarre”. They added that the change would “undermine almost 200 years of tradition” at “huge and unnecessary expense”.
More than 12,000 staff, students and alumni signed the petition, and just over a month after the protest was launched, King’s ditched its plans.
King’s College London
Thousands also “liked” a Facebook group calling for Leeds Metropolitan University to keep its name, but to no avail – it was reborn as Leeds Beckett University in 2014.
Leeds Beckett University
According to Kwon, “Rebranding on its own is like putting a new coat of paint on an old house. If the house has been thoughtfully updated, then the paint is a symbol of that, and will resonate with the target audience.” However, “if it is just a coat of paint on a tired structure, then people quickly see through it because the message doesn’t resonate”.
Note | 前段时间，教育部颁布的《高等学校命名暂行办法》规定了之后的大学、学院、高职等学校的命名事项。
《办法》称学校校名不能用的字词包括：“中华” “中国” “国家” “国际” “华北” “华东” “东北” “西南”；还不得冠以学校所在城市以外的地域名，不得使用其他组织或个人拥有的商标、字号、名称等，不得使用国外高校的中文译名和简称等等，详见这里。
这一《办法》的出台自然是为了正一正高校无端改名的现象，让学校回归学习与研究。在《办法》出台前，许多高校的确都改过名。
早在新中国成立以前，武汉大学就历经武昌高等师范学校、国立武昌大学、国立第二中山大学以及国立武汉大学等数个名字，类似的，华中科技大学以前也叫过华中工学院和华中理工大学。
进入新世纪，高等院校改自己的名字也没有停下来，例如，北方交通大学2003年改名为北京交通大学，其实1970年之前，它本就叫做北京交通大学。绕晕了吧。另外，中国传媒大学是2004年才更了名，此前叫做北京广播学院。
相似的是，英国的大学也很喜欢改名，令人忍俊不禁。比方说，往名字里加“伦敦”就认为听起来高大上。
往校名里加“伦敦”二字
越来越多离首都稍近一点的大学将伦敦加到名字里。泰晤士河河谷大学在2011年改名为西伦敦大学，布鲁内尔大学在获得枢密院的许可后于2014年将伦敦加到名字里，其他在名称中使用首都名的学校还包括金斯敦大学和米德尔塞克斯大学。
伦敦大学学院教育学院的荣休副教授保罗·坦普尔表示，将伦敦添加到校名中看起来像该校与牛津大学和剑桥大学一起组成了著名的“金三角”。他说，这也让学生联想到英国其他城市无法比拟的魅力和文化，这么做旨在吸引潜在的国际学生和英国农村居民。
《哈利·波特》的作者罗琳自己可能也没想到笔下的霍格沃茨魔法学校的设定会成为许多大学竞相模仿的对象，虽说名字不能改成魔法学校，但是餐厅却可以布置成古色古香的挑高模样。
模仿霍格沃茨
要把历史夸大。学生喜欢有悠久历史谱系的机构：越老越好。杜伦大学、爱丁堡大学和纽卡斯尔大学的网站上到处都是他们最古老的建筑的图片，多到让你以为大学周围的整个城市都是古老而华丽的，这不足为奇。
爱丁堡大学商学院战略研究员温斯顿·权认为，《哈利波特》系列书籍的受欢迎程度对这种转变起到了一定的作用，J.K.罗琳的作品提供了一种混合了牛津剑桥美学的幻想世界。
带有拱形天花板的餐厅给寻求“传统”教育的申请者们留下了深刻印象，这往往与在排行榜上的优异表现有很好的关联。采用传统的纹章，拉丁语的格言，如果有可能，最好还有一座城堡，这就肯定会让那些大学入学申请信被猫头鹰叼着送来送去......是吧。
英国高校改名还喜欢蹭皇室的光，名字里不是“皇家”就是“女王”，再不济也要有个“摄政王”。
有皇家内味儿
用一个王室风格的名字会比较能吸引到国际学生。皇家霍洛威、玛丽女王和帝国理工听起来都很有英国王室味道，像威斯敏斯特大学和伦敦摄政大学（瞧这学校还有首都的名字）这些学校也纷纷效仿。
数年前，伦敦国王学院就因为名字里有“学院”二字，而想要直接去掉。但是剩下的“King's London”激起了一众学生、老师、和校友的联署反对。毕竟怎么听怎么像《权游》里的“King’s Landing”。
伦敦国王学院的学生们拟了一份电子请愿书来阻止该校的更名计划，他们说这个改名计划“很怪异”。他们还表示，这么改名“破坏了近200年的传统”，且代价是“巨大而不必要的”。
超过12000名教职工、学生和校友在请愿书上签了名，而就在抗议活动发起一个多月后，伦敦国王学院放弃了改名计划。
利兹大都会大学的学生听说学校想改名，明确表示了反对。但没用，学校还是改成了“利兹贝克特大学”。
有成千上万的人给一个Facebook小组点了赞，呼吁利兹大都会大学保留它的名字，但无济于事——它在2014年被重新命名为利兹贝克特大学。
高校改名不是一件小事。伦敦国王学院虽然改名没成功，但是也花了30万英镑。利兹大都会大学改成利兹贝克特大学也花了25万英镑。花钱的地方很多，比方说公文信笺抬头重做重印就很花钱。
关于英国高校改名，Kwon说得很明白，新瓶装旧酒注定卖不动。
在温斯顿·权看来，“给学校改名就像给旧房子涂上一层新漆。如果房子很用心地改造过，那么新油漆就是一种象征，并会能引起目标受众的共鸣。然而，如果这只是一个老旧房子上的一层新油漆，那么人们很快就会看穿它，因为这层新信息无法获得共鸣。
reader [ˈriːdər] n. 准教授（英国大学教师，仅次于教授）
emeritus [emeritus] adj. （常指大学教师）退休后保留头衔的，荣誉退休的
ornate [ɔːrˈneɪt] adj. 华美的；富丽的；豪华的
vaulted [ˈvɔːltɪd] adj. 拱形的；有拱顶的
coat of arms n. 盾形纹章；盾徽
regal [ˈriːɡl] adj. 帝王的；王室的；豪华的
rebrand [ˌriːˈbrænd] v. 重塑…的形象（如通过改变名称或广告）
to little/no avail 没有什么效果；不成功
resonate [ˈrezəneɪt] v. 引起共鸣；和…的想法（或观念）类似
编辑：左卓 李雪晴
参考来源：Thames Higher Education；百度百科 |
美国《时代》杂志最新一期的封面以“美国式失败”为标题，使用黑底白字和黑色边框的形式警示大家，美国新冠肺炎死亡病例数即将达到20万。据悉，这是《时代》杂志在其历史上第二次使用黑框封面，上一次还要追溯到“9·11”恐怖袭击事件之后。
Time
magazine's latest cover will mark an approaching milestone in the coronavirus pandemic — 200,000 related deaths in the US — with the headline "An American Failure" and an illustration within a black border for only the second time in its history.
《时代》杂志的最新一期封面将标志着新冠疫情即将到来的一个里程碑：美国新冠肺炎死亡病例数即将达到20万。封面标题为“美国式失败”。这是该杂志历史上第二次使用黑色边框封面。
The cover is made up of dates and death counts listed back to back, covering most of the page.
封面上连续列出了日期和相应的新冠肺炎死亡病例数，覆盖了大部分页面。
back to back：连续，紧接
The words and numbers are enlarged and brought forward to form the number 200,000, the number of deaths the country is approaching.
杂志封面将数字和文字放大并突出显示，形成了200,000这个数字，美国的新冠肺炎死亡病例数量即将达到20万。
Below that number are the words “An American failure” printed in bold red.
在这个数字下面是用红色粗体印出的“美国式失败”标题。
"A failure of leadership at many levels and across parties; a distrust of scientists, the media and expertise in general; and deeply ingrained cultural attitudes about individuality and how we value human lives have all combined to result in a horrifically inadequate pandemic response," the
Time
cover story reads. "COVID-19 has weakened the US and exposed the systemic fractures in the country, and the gulf between what this nation promises its citizens and what it actually delivers."
《时代》杂志在封面故事中写道：“许多层级和政党的领导不力；普遍不信任科学家、媒体和专家意见；我们对个性根深蒂固的文化态度；以及我们如何珍视人的生命，这些因素结合在一起，导致我们对疫情的应对严重不足。新冠疫情已经削弱了美国，暴露了美国的系统性裂缝，以及美国对其公民的承诺和与实践之间的鸿沟。”
A man wearing a mask is seen on a street near Venice Beach, Los Angeles, the United States, April 10, 2020. [Photo/Xinhua]
"Absent adequate leadership, it’s been up to everyday Americans to band together in the fight against COVID-19. To some extent, that’s been happening—doctors, nurses, bus drivers and other essential workers have been rightfully celebrated as heroes, and many have paid a price for their bravery. But at least some Americans still refuse to take such a simple step as wearing a mask," it added.
“在缺乏足够领导的情况下，美国民众需要团结起来抗击新冠肺炎。从某种程度上说，这些正在发生。医生、护士、公交司机和其他基础行业工作人员被当之无愧地誉为英雄，许多人也为他们的勇敢付出了代价。但还是有些美国人仍然拒绝履行戴口罩这样简单的措施。”
Time
also tackles the race for the first coronavirus vaccine, which it argues could help bring the US back to "normality."
《时代》杂志还探讨了新冠疫苗研发竞赛的问题，并认为这种疫苗可能有助于让美国恢复“正常”。
"Even if the COVID-19 vaccines don’t provide 100% protection against infection, they could provide a huge boost toward that return to normality," it said. "But how quickly that happens will depend as much on the science behind them as on the humanity that determines where those vaccines go.
《时代》杂志称：“即使新冠疫苗不能100%地抵御感染，也能极大地推动社会恢复正常。但这一速度不仅取决于科学研究，也取决于决定这些疫苗去向的人。”
"What’s being tested is more than the new technologies and the latest virus—fighting strategies encased in each injection. It’s also our willingness to be blind to the physical as well as social and economic borders that divide us to combat a virus that holds no such biases."
“我们正在测试的不仅仅是每一次注射所包含的新技术和最新的病毒对抗策略。我们主动忽视那些物理边界、社会和经济边界，而这正是我们在对抗这种没有偏见的病毒时如此分裂的原因。”
The death toll from COVID-19 stands at more than 191,000 in the US. President Trump's handling of the pandemic is one of the top issues ahead of the election, which is less than eight weeks away.
美国新冠肺炎死亡病例数已超过19.1万例。距离美国总统大选还有不到8周的时间，特朗普总统的疫情应对是大选前的首要问题之一。
Time
was sold to Salesforce.com founder Marc Benioff for $190 million in 2018. It also used a black border on an illustration after the 9/11 terror attacks.
2018年，Salesforce.com网站的创始人马克·贝尼奥夫以1.9亿美元（约合人民币12.9亿元）的价格收购了《时代》杂志。在9•11恐怖袭击事件发生后，《时代》杂志在封面图中也使用了黑色边框。
英文来源：thehill、CNN
翻译&编辑：yaning | Time
magazine's latest cover will mark an approaching milestone in the coronavirus pandemic — 200,000 related deaths in the US — with the headline "An American Failure" and an illustration within a black border for only the second time in its history.
The cover is made up of dates and death counts listed back to back, covering most of the page.
The words and numbers are enlarged and brought forward to form the number 200,000, the number of deaths the country is approaching.
Below that number are the words “An American failure” printed in bold red.
"A failure of leadership at many levels and across parties; a distrust of scientists, the media and expertise in general; and deeply ingrained cultural attitudes about individuality and how we value human lives have all combined to result in a horrifically inadequate pandemic response," the
Time
cover story reads. "COVID-19 has weakened the US and exposed the systemic fractures in the country, and the gulf between what this nation promises its citizens and what it actually delivers."
A man wearing a mask is seen on a street near Venice Beach, Los Angeles, the United States, April 10, 2020. [Photo/Xinhua]
"Absent adequate leadership, it’s been up to everyday Americans to band together in the fight against COVID-19. To some extent, that’s been happening—doctors, nurses, bus drivers and other essential workers have been rightfully celebrated as heroes, and many have paid a price for their bravery. But at least some Americans still refuse to take such a simple step as wearing a mask," it added.
Time
also tackles the race for the first coronavirus vaccine, which it argues could help bring the US back to "normality."
"Even if the COVID-19 vaccines don’t provide 100% protection against infection, they could provide a huge boost toward that return to normality," it said. "But how quickly that happens will depend as much on the science behind them as on the humanity that determines where those vaccines go.
"What’s being tested is more than the new technologies and the latest virus—fighting strategies encased in each injection. It’s also our willingness to be blind to the physical as well as social and economic borders that divide us to combat a virus that holds no such biases."
The death toll from COVID-19 stands at more than 191,000 in the US. President Trump's handling of the pandemic is one of the top issues ahead of the election, which is less than eight weeks away.
Time
was sold to Salesforce.com founder Marc Benioff for $190 million in 2018. It also used a black border on an illustration after the 9/11 terror attacks. | 美国《时代》杂志最新一期的封面以“美国式失败”为标题，使用黑底白字和黑色边框的形式警示大家，美国新冠肺炎死亡病例数即将达到20万。据悉，这是《时代》杂志在其历史上第二次使用黑框封面，上一次还要追溯到“9·11”恐怖袭击事件之后。
《时代》杂志的最新一期封面将标志着新冠疫情即将到来的一个里程碑：美国新冠肺炎死亡病例数即将达到20万。封面标题为“美国式失败”。这是该杂志历史上第二次使用黑色边框封面。
封面上连续列出了日期和相应的新冠肺炎死亡病例数，覆盖了大部分页面。
back to back：连续，紧接
杂志封面将数字和文字放大并突出显示，形成了200,000这个数字，美国的新冠肺炎死亡病例数量即将达到20万。
在这个数字下面是用红色粗体印出的“美国式失败”标题。
《时代》杂志在封面故事中写道：“许多层级和政党的领导不力；普遍不信任科学家、媒体和专家意见；我们对个性根深蒂固的文化态度；以及我们如何珍视人的生命，这些因素结合在一起，导致我们对疫情的应对严重不足。新冠疫情已经削弱了美国，暴露了美国的系统性裂缝，以及美国对其公民的承诺和与实践之间的鸿沟。”
“在缺乏足够领导的情况下，美国民众需要团结起来抗击新冠肺炎。从某种程度上说，这些正在发生。医生、护士、公交司机和其他基础行业工作人员被当之无愧地誉为英雄，许多人也为他们的勇敢付出了代价。但还是有些美国人仍然拒绝履行戴口罩这样简单的措施。”
《时代》杂志还探讨了新冠疫苗研发竞赛的问题，并认为这种疫苗可能有助于让美国恢复“正常”。
《时代》杂志称：“即使新冠疫苗不能100%地抵御感染，也能极大地推动社会恢复正常。但这一速度不仅取决于科学研究，也取决于决定这些疫苗去向的人。”
“我们正在测试的不仅仅是每一次注射所包含的新技术和最新的病毒对抗策略。我们主动忽视那些物理边界、社会和经济边界，而这正是我们在对抗这种没有偏见的病毒时如此分裂的原因。”
美国新冠肺炎死亡病例数已超过19.1万例。距离美国总统大选还有不到8周的时间，特朗普总统的疫情应对是大选前的首要问题之一。
2018年，Salesforce.com网站的创始人马克·贝尼奥夫以1.9亿美元（约合人民币12.9亿元）的价格收购了《时代》杂志。在9•11恐怖袭击事件发生后，《时代》杂志在封面图中也使用了黑色边框。
英文来源：thehill、CNN
翻译&编辑：yaning |
奥斯卡奖又出新规了！这一次，美国电影艺术与科学学院直击痛点，针对一直以来缺乏多样性的候选影片设置了“包容性标准”门槛。“白”了多年的奥斯卡奖可能真的要变了。
An Oscar statue stands covered with plastic during preparations leading up to the 87th Academy Awards in Hollywood, California February 21, 2015. REUTERS/Lucas Jackson
The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences will now require films submitted to the Best Picture category to adhere to inclusion and diversity standards, in an ongoing effort to rectify the current glaring diversity issues present in the Academy. These changes are a part of the Academy Aperture 2025 initiative, but will not affect this year’s Oscars.
为了整顿奥斯卡奖当前明显存在的多样性问题，美国电影艺术与科学学院（以下简称影艺学院）如今将要求角逐最佳影片奖的电影坚持包容性和多样性标准。这些改变是影艺学院片门2025计划的一部分，但不会影响今年的奥斯卡奖评选。
aperture [ˈæpərtʃʊr]: n.（照相机，望远镜等的）光圈，孔径。Academy Aperture是由美国影艺学院推行的一种电影片门规格。
For a film to be considered for Best Picture for the 94th and 95th Oscars, it must submit an Academy Inclusion Standards form, which will note standards and representation in the film’s on-screen representation, storyline, crew, creative leadership, and industry opportunities. While films must submit these forms in 2022 and 2023, meeting the diversity standards will not be required for eligibility until the 2024 Oscars.
如果一部电影要获得第94届和95届奥斯卡最佳影片奖评选资格，就必须提交一张学院包容性标准表格，写明该片呈现在屏幕上的画面、故事情节、剧组人员、创意领导和行业机会所体现的包容性标准。虽然参选电影在2022年和2023年都必须提交这一表格，但是到2024年才会要求参选奥斯卡奖的电影符合多样性标准。
"The aperture must widen to reflect our diverse global population in both the creation of motion pictures and in the audiences who connect with them. The Academy is committed to playing a vital role in helping make this a reality,” Academy President David Rubin and Academy CEO Dawn Hudson said in a statement about the new standards. “We believe these inclusion standards will be a catalyst for long-lasting, essential change in our industry.”
影艺学院主席大卫·鲁宾和学院首席执行官道恩·哈德森在关于新标准的一份声明中说：“我们必须放宽片门规格来反映我们多样化的全球人口，无论是电影创作，还是与电影产生联系的观众。影艺学院致力于在实现电影多样性的过程中扮演重要角色。我们相信这些包容性标准将会成为一个催化剂，引发电影行业长久的本质改变。”
To win Best Picture in 2024, a film must meet two out of four overarching standards for equality. Under on-screen representation, at least one actor or supporting actor must be from an underrepresented racial group, or at least 30% of minor roles must be from two underrepresented groups, or the main storyline must be centered on an underrepresented group. For the creative leadership, either two creative leadership positions and department heads must be from underrepresented groups or six other technical production assistants must be diverse members.
如果想在2024年赢得奥斯卡最佳影片奖，一部电影必须满足四条首要平等标准中的两条。电影画面中至少有一名主角或配角必须来自代表性不足的种族，或至少30%的小角色必须来自两个代表性不足的群体，或主要故事情节必须围绕一个代表性不足的群体展开。关于创意领导，要么两个创意领导和部门领导必须来自代表性不足的群体，要么其余的6个技术制作助理来自代表性不足的群体。
Film distribution companies must also offer paid apprenticeship and internship roles and skill development for crew, while audience development must include diverse representation throughout marketing, distribution, and publicity.
电影发行公司还必须提供带薪学徒和实习生职位以及为剧组人员提供培训机会，而在观众拓展方面必须包括营销、发行和宣传等渠道的多样化呈现形式。
The new diversity standards will not affect the 2021 Oscars, although the novel coronavirus outbreak has pushed the event back until April 2021. The changes come after several contentious years for diversity at the Academy Awards. While South Korean fan-favorite
Parasite
made history in 2020 by becoming the first non-English film to take home the golden statue for Best Picture, the Academy faced backlash for their lack of diverse nominees in the lead and supporting actors categories.
新的多样性标准不会影响2021年奥斯卡奖，尽管由于暴发新冠疫情明年的奥斯卡颁奖礼已经推迟到了2021年4月。在新规出台前，奥斯卡奖几年来一直因为多样性问题而饱受争议。虽然深受影迷喜爱的韩国电影《寄生虫》在2020年作为首部斩获奥斯卡最佳影片奖的非英语电影载入史册，但是影艺学院仍因最佳主角和配角奖项候选者缺乏多样性而受到强烈抵制。
However, diverse voters can only work with the films that are nominated. After several years of #OscarsSoWhite highlighting overlooked films and actors, the Academy launched the Academy Aperture 2025 initiative, which aims to create a more inclusive film community by 2025. In June, the Academy invited 819 new members to their voting body, surpassing their internal goal to double their female and diverse members by 2020. As such, the new rules combat the lack of diverse nominees directly, making swift and decisive changes to the very structure that has kept diverse films down so long.
然而，多样化的评委只能从提名影片中挑选获奖者。在#奥斯卡太白这个为被忽略的影片和演员发声的标签持续数年后，影艺学院发起了影艺学院片门2025计划，目标是在2025年前打造一个更为包容的电影界。六月份，影艺学院邀请819名新成员加入评委团，超额完成了他们在2020年前将女性和少数群体成员数量加倍的内部计划。同样，新规定直击缺少多元化候选影片的现状，快速而果决地改变了长期以来让候选电影缺乏多样性的结构。
While the 2021 nominees have yet to be announced, it is the hope of many that these prolific and systematic rule changes from the Academy will mark a more diverse Oscars than ever before.
虽然2021年的奥斯卡奖提名名单还未公布，但是许多人希望影艺学院的这些繁多而系统的规则变动会带来一个前所未有的多元化的奥斯卡奖。
英文来源：福布斯网站
翻译&编辑：丹妮 | An Oscar statue stands covered with plastic during preparations leading up to the 87th Academy Awards in Hollywood, California February 21, 2015. REUTERS/Lucas Jackson
The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences will now require films submitted to the Best Picture category to adhere to inclusion and diversity standards, in an ongoing effort to rectify the current glaring diversity issues present in the Academy. These changes are a part of the Academy Aperture 2025 initiative, but will not affect this year’s Oscars.
For a film to be considered for Best Picture for the 94th and 95th Oscars, it must submit an Academy Inclusion Standards form, which will note standards and representation in the film’s on-screen representation, storyline, crew, creative leadership, and industry opportunities. While films must submit these forms in 2022 and 2023, meeting the diversity standards will not be required for eligibility until the 2024 Oscars.
"The aperture must widen to reflect our diverse global population in both the creation of motion pictures and in the audiences who connect with them. The Academy is committed to playing a vital role in helping make this a reality,” Academy President David Rubin and Academy CEO Dawn Hudson said in a statement about the new standards. “We believe these inclusion standards will be a catalyst for long-lasting, essential change in our industry.”
To win Best Picture in 2024, a film must meet two out of four overarching standards for equality. Under on-screen representation, at least one actor or supporting actor must be from an underrepresented racial group, or at least 30% of minor roles must be from two underrepresented groups, or the main storyline must be centered on an underrepresented group. For the creative leadership, either two creative leadership positions and department heads must be from underrepresented groups or six other technical production assistants must be diverse members.
Film distribution companies must also offer paid apprenticeship and internship roles and skill development for crew, while audience development must include diverse representation throughout marketing, distribution, and publicity.
The new diversity standards will not affect the 2021 Oscars, although the novel coronavirus outbreak has pushed the event back until April 2021. The changes come after several contentious years for diversity at the Academy Awards. While South Korean fan-favorite
Parasite
made history in 2020 by becoming the first non-English film to take home the golden statue for Best Picture, the Academy faced backlash for their lack of diverse nominees in the lead and supporting actors categories.
However, diverse voters can only work with the films that are nominated. After several years of #OscarsSoWhite highlighting overlooked films and actors, the Academy launched the Academy Aperture 2025 initiative, which aims to create a more inclusive film community by 2025. In June, the Academy invited 819 new members to their voting body, surpassing their internal goal to double their female and diverse members by 2020. As such, the new rules combat the lack of diverse nominees directly, making swift and decisive changes to the very structure that has kept diverse films down so long.
While the 2021 nominees have yet to be announced, it is the hope of many that these prolific and systematic rule changes from the Academy will mark a more diverse Oscars than ever before. | 奥斯卡奖又出新规了！这一次，美国电影艺术与科学学院直击痛点，针对一直以来缺乏多样性的候选影片设置了“包容性标准”门槛。“白”了多年的奥斯卡奖可能真的要变了。
为了整顿奥斯卡奖当前明显存在的多样性问题，美国电影艺术与科学学院（以下简称影艺学院）如今将要求角逐最佳影片奖的电影坚持包容性和多样性标准。这些改变是影艺学院片门2025计划的一部分，但不会影响今年的奥斯卡奖评选。
aperture [ˈæpərtʃʊr]: n.（照相机，望远镜等的）光圈，孔径。Academy Aperture是由美国影艺学院推行的一种电影片门规格。
如果一部电影要获得第94届和95届奥斯卡最佳影片奖评选资格，就必须提交一张学院包容性标准表格，写明该片呈现在屏幕上的画面、故事情节、剧组人员、创意领导和行业机会所体现的包容性标准。虽然参选电影在2022年和2023年都必须提交这一表格，但是到2024年才会要求参选奥斯卡奖的电影符合多样性标准。
影艺学院主席大卫·鲁宾和学院首席执行官道恩·哈德森在关于新标准的一份声明中说：“我们必须放宽片门规格来反映我们多样化的全球人口，无论是电影创作，还是与电影产生联系的观众。影艺学院致力于在实现电影多样性的过程中扮演重要角色。我们相信这些包容性标准将会成为一个催化剂，引发电影行业长久的本质改变。”
如果想在2024年赢得奥斯卡最佳影片奖，一部电影必须满足四条首要平等标准中的两条。电影画面中至少有一名主角或配角必须来自代表性不足的种族，或至少30%的小角色必须来自两个代表性不足的群体，或主要故事情节必须围绕一个代表性不足的群体展开。关于创意领导，要么两个创意领导和部门领导必须来自代表性不足的群体，要么其余的6个技术制作助理来自代表性不足的群体。
电影发行公司还必须提供带薪学徒和实习生职位以及为剧组人员提供培训机会，而在观众拓展方面必须包括营销、发行和宣传等渠道的多样化呈现形式。
新的多样性标准不会影响2021年奥斯卡奖，尽管由于暴发新冠疫情明年的奥斯卡颁奖礼已经推迟到了2021年4月。在新规出台前，奥斯卡奖几年来一直因为多样性问题而饱受争议。虽然深受影迷喜爱的韩国电影《寄生虫》在2020年作为首部斩获奥斯卡最佳影片奖的非英语电影载入史册，但是影艺学院仍因最佳主角和配角奖项候选者缺乏多样性而受到强烈抵制。
然而，多样化的评委只能从提名影片中挑选获奖者。在#奥斯卡太白这个为被忽略的影片和演员发声的标签持续数年后，影艺学院发起了影艺学院片门2025计划，目标是在2025年前打造一个更为包容的电影界。六月份，影艺学院邀请819名新成员加入评委团，超额完成了他们在2020年前将女性和少数群体成员数量加倍的内部计划。同样，新规定直击缺少多元化候选影片的现状，快速而果决地改变了长期以来让候选电影缺乏多样性的结构。
虽然2021年的奥斯卡奖提名名单还未公布，但是许多人希望影艺学院的这些繁多而系统的规则变动会带来一个前所未有的多元化的奥斯卡奖。
英文来源：福布斯网站
翻译&编辑：丹妮 |
加州遭到山火侵袭的土地面积已经超过1.25万平方公里，12人因火灾身亡。蔓延的大火烧红了加州的天空，居民仿佛置身火星。
Firefighters enter a home as the glow from the CZU August Lightning Complex Fire fills the night sky, in Boulder Creek, California, on Friday. [Photo/Agencies]
The Bay Area in California awoke Wednesday to a scene straight out of Mars.
本周三（9月9日），加州旧金山湾区景象恍若火星。
Orange and even red skies blanketed San Francisco, Oakland and Berkeley, and ash rained down, with wildfires raging far in the distance.
橘色甚至红色的天空笼罩在旧金山、奥克兰和伯克利上空，灰烬四处飘散，野火在远处肆虐。
"When the smoke and ash get even thicker close to the wildfires, it can cut the sunlight out completely, making it look like the dead of night," CNN meteorologist Judson Jones said.
美国有线电视新闻网（CNN）气象学家贾德森·琼斯说：“当大火附近的烟雾和灰烬变得更浓时，就会遮天蔽日，白昼如夜。”
戳视频感受一下旧金山上空烟尘遮天蔽日的景象：
Residents turned on lights, looking into a rust-colored sky that made it look like nighttime. Winds are carrying the wildfire smoke from afar. Both the Creek Fire and the North Complex Fire are burning more than 200 miles away, yet their presence could be felt in the Bay Area. Other places, such as Salem, Oregon, are experiencing similar apocalyptic glows.
居民们打开灯，窗外铁锈色的天空看起来就像夜晚。风从远处把野火的烟雾吹来。大溪镇的大火和北部建筑群大火都在200英里（约合321公里）开外，但在湾区可以感觉到大火在熊熊燃烧。俄勒冈州的塞勒姆等其他地方也正在经历类似末日般的天光。
The massive plumes of smoke generated by the wildfires raging across California have led to the longest stretch of unhealthy air quality alerts on record in the Bay Area, with 25 straight days of "Spare the Air" alerts, Erin DeMerritt, Bay Area Air Quality Management District spokeswoman, told CNN. The previous record was 14 consecutive days during the 2018 Camp Fire.
湾区空气质量管理区女发言人艾琳·德梅里特告诉CNN，肆虐加州的野火产生的大量浓烟已经导致湾区连续25天发布了“避免外出”警报。这是有记录以来为期最长的不健康空气质量警报，此前的记录是2018年坎普野火期间连续14天的警报。
"The smoke and ash are acting like nature's version of an Instagram filter," Jones said. "The particles in the air are refracting sunlight similar to the way small air particles do when the sun sets or rises."
琼斯说：“烟雾和灰烬就像是大自然版的Ins滤镜。空气中的微粒会折射阳光，就像太阳升起或落山时空气中的微粒一样。”
refract [rɪˈfrækt]：vt.使折射
The particles scatter the shorter wavelengths of blue and green, making us unable to see them. The longer wavelengths of red and yellow pass through the bottom, giving us this "haunting" effect, Jones said.
琼斯说，这些微粒分散了蓝色和绿色的较短波长，使人们无法看到。波长较长的红色和黄色穿过底部，给我们带来了这种“萦绕不散的”效应。
Orange skies covered San Francisco, making Sneha Patil feel like she was on another planet.
橘色的天空笼罩着旧金山，这让斯内哈·帕蒂尔感觉像是在另一个星球上。
"It was surreal," Patil wrote. "It felt like I had woken up to the skies in Mars!"
“太离奇了，”帕蒂尔写道。“感觉就像我一觉醒来看到了火星的天空。”
Michelle McKeown of Oakland saw homes in her neighborhood with lights on at 10 am.
来自奥克兰的米歇尔·麦基恩看到她所在社区的家庭上午10点还亮着灯。
"It feels eerie, apocalyptic and frightening," McKeown told CNN. "I've lived in the Bay Area since 1988 and never experienced such doom coming from the sky."
麦基恩告诉CNN：“这感觉很怪异也很恐怖，像是世界末日。我从1988年起就住在湾区，从来没有见过天空呈现出这种如世界末日般的景象。”
eerie[ˈɪəri]：adj.可怕的；怪异的
The skies burned red over a vintage clothing store in Oakland. Even though it looked like this, it didn't smell like smoke, said Maya Messoriano, owner of Minds Eye Vintage store.
奥克兰“心灵之眼”复古服装店上空一片火红。店主玛雅·梅索里亚诺说，尽管天空看上去这样，但闻起来并没有烟味。
"At least it's finally looking like a proper #apocalypse," a local band called Empty Vessel posted on Instagram.
当地乐队“空船”在Ins上发文称：“至少这看起来像是一场真正的大灾难。”
Climate scientist Peter Gleick tried to capture the dark skies around his Berkeley home on Wednesday, saying the camera didn't do it justice.
本周三，气候科学家彼得·格莱克试图拍下他在伯克利的家周围的黑暗天空，但他表示，照相机拍得不太好。
"I've lived in northern California since 1978," Gleick wrote to CNN. "I have NEVER seen skies like this. It's like midnight out there now (at 10:15am) but instead of black skies, they're dark, dark red."
“我从1978年以来一直住在北加州，”格莱克在给CNN的信中写道。“我从未见过这样的天空。现在（上午10:15）就像午夜，但天空不是黑色，而是深红色。”
Gleick, the founder of the Pacific Institute, an independent nonpartisan climate and water research center in Oakland, has studied climate science for 35 years.
格莱克研究气候科学已有35年，他是太平洋研究所的创始人，该研究所是位于奥克兰的一个独立的无党派气候和水研究中心。
What he saw outside his window is a sign of climate change, he said.
他说，他在窗外看到的是气候变化的迹象。
"Climate change is clearly and unambiguously influencing the wildfires: higher heat and temperatures, more drought, more dead trees, greater extreme weather -- including winds," he said.
他说：“气候变化显著而明确地影响着野火：更高的热量和温度，更多的干旱，更多的枯树，更严重的极端天气，包括风。”
英文来源：CNN
翻译&编辑：yaning | Firefighters enter a home as the glow from the CZU August Lightning Complex Fire fills the night sky, in Boulder Creek, California, on Friday. [Photo/Agencies]
The Bay Area in California awoke Wednesday to a scene straight out of Mars.
Orange and even red skies blanketed San Francisco, Oakland and Berkeley, and ash rained down, with wildfires raging far in the distance.
"When the smoke and ash get even thicker close to the wildfires, it can cut the sunlight out completely, making it look like the dead of night," CNN meteorologist Judson Jones said.
Residents turned on lights, looking into a rust-colored sky that made it look like nighttime. Winds are carrying the wildfire smoke from afar. Both the Creek Fire and the North Complex Fire are burning more than 200 miles away, yet their presence could be felt in the Bay Area. Other places, such as Salem, Oregon, are experiencing similar apocalyptic glows.
The massive plumes of smoke generated by the wildfires raging across California have led to the longest stretch of unhealthy air quality alerts on record in the Bay Area, with 25 straight days of "Spare the Air" alerts, Erin DeMerritt, Bay Area Air Quality Management District spokeswoman, told CNN. The previous record was 14 consecutive days during the 2018 Camp Fire.
"The smoke and ash are acting like nature's version of an Instagram filter," Jones said. "The particles in the air are refracting sunlight similar to the way small air particles do when the sun sets or rises."
The particles scatter the shorter wavelengths of blue and green, making us unable to see them. The longer wavelengths of red and yellow pass through the bottom, giving us this "haunting" effect, Jones said.
Orange skies covered San Francisco, making Sneha Patil feel like she was on another planet.
"It was surreal," Patil wrote. "It felt like I had woken up to the skies in Mars!"
Michelle McKeown of Oakland saw homes in her neighborhood with lights on at 10 am.
"It feels eerie, apocalyptic and frightening," McKeown told CNN. "I've lived in the Bay Area since 1988 and never experienced such doom coming from the sky."
The skies burned red over a vintage clothing store in Oakland. Even though it looked like this, it didn't smell like smoke, said Maya Messoriano, owner of Minds Eye Vintage store.
"At least it's finally looking like a proper #apocalypse," a local band called Empty Vessel posted on Instagram.
Climate scientist Peter Gleick tried to capture the dark skies around his Berkeley home on Wednesday, saying the camera didn't do it justice.
"I've lived in northern California since 1978," Gleick wrote to CNN. "I have NEVER seen skies like this. It's like midnight out there now (at 10:15am) but instead of black skies, they're dark, dark red."
Gleick, the founder of the Pacific Institute, an independent nonpartisan climate and water research center in Oakland, has studied climate science for 35 years.
What he saw outside his window is a sign of climate change, he said.
"Climate change is clearly and unambiguously influencing the wildfires: higher heat and temperatures, more drought, more dead trees, greater extreme weather -- including winds," he said. | 加州遭到山火侵袭的土地面积已经超过1.25万平方公里，12人因火灾身亡。蔓延的大火烧红了加州的天空，居民仿佛置身火星。
本周三（9月9日），加州旧金山湾区景象恍若火星。
橘色甚至红色的天空笼罩在旧金山、奥克兰和伯克利上空，灰烬四处飘散，野火在远处肆虐。
美国有线电视新闻网（CNN）气象学家贾德森·琼斯说：“当大火附近的烟雾和灰烬变得更浓时，就会遮天蔽日，白昼如夜。”
戳视频感受一下旧金山上空烟尘遮天蔽日的景象：
居民们打开灯，窗外铁锈色的天空看起来就像夜晚。风从远处把野火的烟雾吹来。大溪镇的大火和北部建筑群大火都在200英里（约合321公里）开外，但在湾区可以感觉到大火在熊熊燃烧。俄勒冈州的塞勒姆等其他地方也正在经历类似末日般的天光。
湾区空气质量管理区女发言人艾琳·德梅里特告诉CNN，肆虐加州的野火产生的大量浓烟已经导致湾区连续25天发布了“避免外出”警报。这是有记录以来为期最长的不健康空气质量警报，此前的记录是2018年坎普野火期间连续14天的警报。
琼斯说：“烟雾和灰烬就像是大自然版的Ins滤镜。空气中的微粒会折射阳光，就像太阳升起或落山时空气中的微粒一样。”
refract [rɪˈfrækt]：vt.使折射
琼斯说，这些微粒分散了蓝色和绿色的较短波长，使人们无法看到。波长较长的红色和黄色穿过底部，给我们带来了这种“萦绕不散的”效应。
橘色的天空笼罩着旧金山，这让斯内哈·帕蒂尔感觉像是在另一个星球上。
“太离奇了，”帕蒂尔写道。“感觉就像我一觉醒来看到了火星的天空。”
来自奥克兰的米歇尔·麦基恩看到她所在社区的家庭上午10点还亮着灯。
麦基恩告诉CNN：“这感觉很怪异也很恐怖，像是世界末日。我从1988年起就住在湾区，从来没有见过天空呈现出这种如世界末日般的景象。”
eerie[ˈɪəri]：adj.可怕的；怪异的
奥克兰“心灵之眼”复古服装店上空一片火红。店主玛雅·梅索里亚诺说，尽管天空看上去这样，但闻起来并没有烟味。
当地乐队“空船”在Ins上发文称：“至少这看起来像是一场真正的大灾难。”
本周三，气候科学家彼得·格莱克试图拍下他在伯克利的家周围的黑暗天空，但他表示，照相机拍得不太好。
“我从1978年以来一直住在北加州，”格莱克在给CNN的信中写道。“我从未见过这样的天空。现在（上午10:15）就像午夜，但天空不是黑色，而是深红色。”
格莱克研究气候科学已有35年，他是太平洋研究所的创始人，该研究所是位于奥克兰的一个独立的无党派气候和水研究中心。
他说，他在窗外看到的是气候变化的迹象。
他说：“气候变化显著而明确地影响着野火：更高的热量和温度，更多的干旱，更多的枯树，更严重的极端天气，包括风。”
英文来源：CNN
翻译&编辑：yaning |
牛津大学和阿斯利康合作研发的新冠疫苗已经进入三期临床试验，但由于其中一名志愿者出现不明原因的疾病，牛津疫苗试验现已暂停。据悉，牛津疫苗是最早进入三期临床试验的新冠疫苗。
A scientist checks quality control of vaccine vials for correct volume at the Clinical Biomanufacturing Facility (CBF) in Oxford, Britain, April 2, 2020. Sean Elias/REUTERS
Clinical trials for the University of Oxford's COVID-19 vaccine have been put on hold, drug maker AstraZeneca said Tuesday.
制药公司阿斯利康9月8日表示，牛津大学新冠疫苗的临床试验已被暂时叫停。
"Our standard review process was triggered and we voluntarily paused vaccination to allow review of safety data by an independent committee," the company said in a statement. "This is a routine action which has to happen whenever there is a potentially unexplained illness in one of the trials, while it is investigated, ensuring we maintain the integrity of the trials."
该公司在一份声明中称：“我们启动了标准审查程序并自动中止了疫苗接种，让独立委员会可以核查安全数据。每当其中一名试验对象出现可能无法解释的疾病时，就必须在调查期间采取这一常规行动，以确保我们试验的正当性。”
AstraZeneca, which is working with the University of Oxford on a coronavirus vaccine, began its phase 3 clinical trials in the US last week. NBC News has confirmed that the pause has affected trial sites in the US.
阿斯利康正在和牛津大学合作研发新冠疫苗，并于上周在美国开始了三期临床试验。美国国家广播公司新闻网已经证实，暂停疫苗试验已经影响到了美国的试验区。
Putting a trial on hold while researchers determine whether a serious adverse event was caused by a vaccine is "uncommon, but not unheard of," Dr. Paul Offit, director of the Vaccine Education Center at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, said.
费城儿童医院疫苗教育中心的主任保罗·奥菲特博士称：“在研究人员确定一个严重的不良反应事件是否由疫苗引发期间暂停试验‘不寻常，但也不是闻所未闻’。”
"Serious reactions do occur in vaccine trials," Dr. Gregory Poland, an infectious diseases expert and director of the Mayo Clinic's Vaccine Research Group in Rochester, Minnesota, said in an email to NBC News. "Generally, when these events occur, trials are paused, data collected, and an independent data monitoring and safety board reviews the details to make a determination whether to resume the trial or alter it in some way."
美国明尼苏达州罗契斯特市的梅奥诊所的疫苗研究组组长、传染病专家格雷戈里·波兰博士在一封发给美国国家广播公司新闻网的电邮中称：“疫苗试验中确实会出现严重的不良反应。一般在发生这种情况时，会中止试验，收集数据，并由独立的数据监测与安全委员会来审查细节，以决定是否继续试验或作出某种改变。”
"Often these events are coincidental, but these precautions are necessary to ensure the safety of the trial participants," Poland said.
波兰称：“通常这都是偶然事件，但有必要采取这些预防措施来确保试验参与者的安全。”
"Presumably, we should hear more about what the problem was in a few days," said Offit, who is on the Food and Drug Administration's vaccine advisory committee.
奥菲特说：“我们应该在几天后就能得知这一问题的新进展。”奥菲特是美国食品和药物管理局疫苗咨询委员会的成员。
The Oxford trial was the third phase 3 trial to begin in the US Pfizer and Moderna began their phase 3 trials in late July and have already enrolled about 30,000 volunteers.
牛津新冠疫苗试验是美国辉瑞制药公司将开启的第三个三期临床试验。美国药企Moderna的新冠疫苗于七月底开始三期临床试验，目前已经招募了约3万名志愿者。
The Oxford vaccine uses a type of virus called an adenovirus to teach the immune system how to make antibodies to attack the coronavirus' so-called spike protein. It's that spike protein that allows the virus to infect human cells.
牛津疫苗采用了一种腺病毒来“教会”免疫系统如何让抗体去攻击新冠病毒的“纤突蛋白”。正是这种纤突蛋白使得病毒感染人体细胞。
英文来源：美国国家广播公司新闻网
翻译&编辑：丹妮 | A scientist checks quality control of vaccine vials for correct volume at the Clinical Biomanufacturing Facility (CBF) in Oxford, Britain, April 2, 2020. Sean Elias/REUTERS
Clinical trials for the University of Oxford's COVID-19 vaccine have been put on hold, drug maker AstraZeneca said Tuesday.
"Our standard review process was triggered and we voluntarily paused vaccination to allow review of safety data by an independent committee," the company said in a statement. "This is a routine action which has to happen whenever there is a potentially unexplained illness in one of the trials, while it is investigated, ensuring we maintain the integrity of the trials."
AstraZeneca, which is working with the University of Oxford on a coronavirus vaccine, began its phase 3 clinical trials in the US last week. NBC News has confirmed that the pause has affected trial sites in the US.
Putting a trial on hold while researchers determine whether a serious adverse event was caused by a vaccine is "uncommon, but not unheard of," Dr. Paul Offit, director of the Vaccine Education Center at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, said.
"Serious reactions do occur in vaccine trials," Dr. Gregory Poland, an infectious diseases expert and director of the Mayo Clinic's Vaccine Research Group in Rochester, Minnesota, said in an email to NBC News. "Generally, when these events occur, trials are paused, data collected, and an independent data monitoring and safety board reviews the details to make a determination whether to resume the trial or alter it in some way."
"Often these events are coincidental, but these precautions are necessary to ensure the safety of the trial participants," Poland said.
"Presumably, we should hear more about what the problem was in a few days," said Offit, who is on the Food and Drug Administration's vaccine advisory committee.
The Oxford trial was the third phase 3 trial to begin in the US Pfizer and Moderna began their phase 3 trials in late July and have already enrolled about 30,000 volunteers.
The Oxford vaccine uses a type of virus called an adenovirus to teach the immune system how to make antibodies to attack the coronavirus' so-called spike protein. It's that spike protein that allows the virus to infect human cells. | 牛津大学和阿斯利康合作研发的新冠疫苗已经进入三期临床试验，但由于其中一名志愿者出现不明原因的疾病，牛津疫苗试验现已暂停。据悉，牛津疫苗是最早进入三期临床试验的新冠疫苗。
制药公司阿斯利康9月8日表示，牛津大学新冠疫苗的临床试验已被暂时叫停。
该公司在一份声明中称：“我们启动了标准审查程序并自动中止了疫苗接种，让独立委员会可以核查安全数据。每当其中一名试验对象出现可能无法解释的疾病时，就必须在调查期间采取这一常规行动，以确保我们试验的正当性。”
阿斯利康正在和牛津大学合作研发新冠疫苗，并于上周在美国开始了三期临床试验。美国国家广播公司新闻网已经证实，暂停疫苗试验已经影响到了美国的试验区。
费城儿童医院疫苗教育中心的主任保罗·奥菲特博士称：“在研究人员确定一个严重的不良反应事件是否由疫苗引发期间暂停试验‘不寻常，但也不是闻所未闻’。”
美国明尼苏达州罗契斯特市的梅奥诊所的疫苗研究组组长、传染病专家格雷戈里·波兰博士在一封发给美国国家广播公司新闻网的电邮中称：“疫苗试验中确实会出现严重的不良反应。一般在发生这种情况时，会中止试验，收集数据，并由独立的数据监测与安全委员会来审查细节，以决定是否继续试验或作出某种改变。”
波兰称：“通常这都是偶然事件，但有必要采取这些预防措施来确保试验参与者的安全。”
奥菲特说：“我们应该在几天后就能得知这一问题的新进展。”奥菲特是美国食品和药物管理局疫苗咨询委员会的成员。
牛津新冠疫苗试验是美国辉瑞制药公司将开启的第三个三期临床试验。美国药企Moderna的新冠疫苗于七月底开始三期临床试验，目前已经招募了约3万名志愿者。
牛津疫苗采用了一种腺病毒来“教会”免疫系统如何让抗体去攻击新冠病毒的“纤突蛋白”。正是这种纤突蛋白使得病毒感染人体细胞。
英文来源：美国国家广播公司新闻网
翻译&编辑：丹妮 |
印度尼西亚为防疫出狠招，为了提醒人们新冠肺炎的危险性，一些地方政府和志愿者们每天抬着棺材游街，甚至有村庄安排“鬼魂”在村里巡逻，提醒人们遵守防疫规定。
A teacher wearing a face shield leads a class in a makeshift classroom in Tangerang, Indonesia, on Monday. TATAN SYUFLANA/ASSOCIATED PRESS
Each day in Jakarta at 9 am sharp, local government official Ricky Mulyana and three colleagues don full personal protective equipment, hoist a wooden coffin onto their shoulders, and set out on a ‘funeral’ procession down busy city streets.
在雅加达，每天上午九点整，当地政府官员瑞奇·木雅那和三名同事都会穿上全套的个人防护装备，扛起一副木棺材，沿着繁忙的城市街道出发开启“送葬”之旅。
don [dɒn]：v.穿上，披上，戴上
The coffin, wrapped in plastic, contains only an effigy. But as Indonesia struggles to contain a surge in coronavirus cases, authorities are trying shock tactics to catch the public’s attention and drive home crucial health messages in a country that has the highest virus death toll in Southeast Asia.
棺材用塑料包裹着，里面只有一个雕像。但在印尼努力控制新冠病例数量激增的同时，有关部门正在试图采取恫吓策略来吸引公众的注意力，并传达重要的卫生信息。印尼的新冠肺炎死亡病例数在东南亚各国居首。
effigy [ˈefɪdʒi]：n.雕像，肖像
A video circulating online shows that two men without masks are laying down inside a dummy coffin for few minutes.
网上流传的一段视频显示，两名没有戴口罩的男子在一个假棺材里躺了几分钟。
戳视频：
The public order enforcers asked them to obey the health protocols in order to avoid the risk of infection and transmission of coronavirus.
公共秩序执法者要求他们遵守卫生规定，以避免感染和传播新冠病毒。
According to a gubernatorial regulation, failure to wear a mask in public in Jakarta is punishable by fines up to $16.90 or 60 minutes of community service.
根据雅加达首都特区政府的一项规定，在公共场合不戴口罩将被处以最高16.9美元（约合人民币115元）罚款或60分钟社区服务。
gubernatorial [ˌɡuːbənəˈtɔːriəl]：adj.州长的；统治者的；地方长官的
“It’s a tiring job because people don’t understand the danger of the COVID-19 disease,” said Mulyana during a coffin procession along a street in Jakarta’s southern Cilandak area, a sprawling suburb with business centres and both middle class and poorer districts.
在雅加达南部芝兰达克地区的一条街道上，木雅那在“棺材游街”过程中说：“这份工作很累人，因为人们不了解新冠肺炎的危险。”芝兰达克是一个庞大的郊区，有商业中心，也有中产社区和贫困地区。
Nearby, other officials held up placards and used loudhailers to urge residents to follow health protocols, including wearing masks and social distancing.
其他官员在附近举着标语，用喇叭敦促居民遵守卫生规定，包括戴口罩和保持社交距离。
A girl wearing a protective face mask and synthetic gloves sits on luggages as she queues for temperature checking amid the spread of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) at Halim Perdanakusuma airport in Jakarta, Indonesia, March 20, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
The alarming stunt is one of a string deployed amid desperate case numbers: Indonesia on Thursday recorded a record daily spike in coronavirus infections and now has more than 180,000 cases and at least 7,750 deaths. Jakarta has been the epicentre of Indonesia’s outbreak, accounting for nearly a quarter of cases in the world’s fourth most populous country.
这一惊人的防疫举措是在严重的疫情下采取的一系列措施之一：上周四（9月3日），印尼新冠肺炎确诊病例数创下单日新高，目前确诊病例总数已逾18万，死亡病例至少达7750例。雅加达是印尼疫情的中心，在这个世界人口第四大国，近四分之一的病例来自雅加达。
Elsewhere, tactics used to draw awareness to the virus have even included deploying a cast of “ghosts” to patrol streets of a village in Java, hoping an age-old superstition will keep people indoors.
在其他地方，为了引起人们对疫情的重视，采取的策略甚至包括派遣一群“鬼魂”在爪哇一个村庄的街道上巡逻，希望古老的迷信能让人们呆在家里。
“Until now people are still not aware that using a mask is very important,” said Mulyana. He said he hoped seeing a coffin would make people realise the danger of the disease.
木雅那说：“到目前为止，人们仍然没有意识到戴口罩的重要性。”他说，希望看到棺材能让人们意识到新冠肺炎的危险。
Some residents watching on said the coffin parade could help get the message across.
一些围观的居民说，“棺材游街”可以帮助传递信息。
“Now, people can understand (the consequence). Without this (initiative) people will always break the rules,” said 74-year-old Masno.
74岁的马斯诺说：“现在，人们可以理解后果了。没有这个措施，人们总是会违反规定。”
The daily procession started last week and is expected to run for two weeks until Sept 10.
每天的棺材游街从上周开始，预计将持续两周，直到9月10日。
“We hope it will frighten the public and increase their awareness, and that residents in Jakarta will be receptive,” said Encu Suhani, deputy chief of Cilandak’s local government.
芝兰达克当地政府的副区长恩库·苏哈尼说：“我们希望这会让公众感到害怕，提高他们的意识，希望雅加达的居民会接受。”
This is not the first time that the Jakarta administration displayed a coffin as a warning against COVID-19.
这不是雅加达首都特区政府第一次展示棺材来警告人们预防新冠肺炎。
Governor Anies Baswedan on Tuesday inaugurated the COVID-19 Monument in Sunter Jaya, North Jakarta.
上周二（9月1日），雅加达首都特区省长阿尼斯·巴斯韦丹在雅加达北部Sunter Jaya为新冠肺炎纪念碑揭幕。
The monument was built in a form of coffin equipped with information board containing warning sentences, appeals, and data on the accumulation of COVID-19 cases in the city.
纪念碑形似棺材，配有信息板，上面写有警示语句、号召口号以及雅加达新冠肺炎病例累计数据。
英文来源：路透社、aa.com.tr
翻译&编辑：yaning | A teacher wearing a face shield leads a class in a makeshift classroom in Tangerang, Indonesia, on Monday. TATAN SYUFLANA/ASSOCIATED PRESS
Each day in Jakarta at 9 am sharp, local government official Ricky Mulyana and three colleagues don full personal protective equipment, hoist a wooden coffin onto their shoulders, and set out on a ‘funeral’ procession down busy city streets.
The coffin, wrapped in plastic, contains only an effigy. But as Indonesia struggles to contain a surge in coronavirus cases, authorities are trying shock tactics to catch the public’s attention and drive home crucial health messages in a country that has the highest virus death toll in Southeast Asia.
A video circulating online shows that two men without masks are laying down inside a dummy coffin for few minutes.
The public order enforcers asked them to obey the health protocols in order to avoid the risk of infection and transmission of coronavirus.
According to a gubernatorial regulation, failure to wear a mask in public in Jakarta is punishable by fines up to $16.90 or 60 minutes of community service.
“It’s a tiring job because people don’t understand the danger of the COVID-19 disease,” said Mulyana during a coffin procession along a street in Jakarta’s southern Cilandak area, a sprawling suburb with business centres and both middle class and poorer districts.
Nearby, other officials held up placards and used loudhailers to urge residents to follow health protocols, including wearing masks and social distancing.
A girl wearing a protective face mask and synthetic gloves sits on luggages as she queues for temperature checking amid the spread of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) at Halim Perdanakusuma airport in Jakarta, Indonesia, March 20, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
The alarming stunt is one of a string deployed amid desperate case numbers: Indonesia on Thursday recorded a record daily spike in coronavirus infections and now has more than 180,000 cases and at least 7,750 deaths. Jakarta has been the epicentre of Indonesia’s outbreak, accounting for nearly a quarter of cases in the world’s fourth most populous country.
Elsewhere, tactics used to draw awareness to the virus have even included deploying a cast of “ghosts” to patrol streets of a village in Java, hoping an age-old superstition will keep people indoors.
“Until now people are still not aware that using a mask is very important,” said Mulyana. He said he hoped seeing a coffin would make people realise the danger of the disease.
Some residents watching on said the coffin parade could help get the message across.
“Now, people can understand (the consequence). Without this (initiative) people will always break the rules,” said 74-year-old Masno.
The daily procession started last week and is expected to run for two weeks until Sept 10.
“We hope it will frighten the public and increase their awareness, and that residents in Jakarta will be receptive,” said Encu Suhani, deputy chief of Cilandak’s local government.
This is not the first time that the Jakarta administration displayed a coffin as a warning against COVID-19.
Governor Anies Baswedan on Tuesday inaugurated the COVID-19 Monument in Sunter Jaya, North Jakarta.
The monument was built in a form of coffin equipped with information board containing warning sentences, appeals, and data on the accumulation of COVID-19 cases in the city. | 印度尼西亚为防疫出狠招，为了提醒人们新冠肺炎的危险性，一些地方政府和志愿者们每天抬着棺材游街，甚至有村庄安排“鬼魂”在村里巡逻，提醒人们遵守防疫规定。
在雅加达，每天上午九点整，当地政府官员瑞奇·木雅那和三名同事都会穿上全套的个人防护装备，扛起一副木棺材，沿着繁忙的城市街道出发开启“送葬”之旅。
don [dɒn]：v.穿上，披上，戴上
棺材用塑料包裹着，里面只有一个雕像。但在印尼努力控制新冠病例数量激增的同时，有关部门正在试图采取恫吓策略来吸引公众的注意力，并传达重要的卫生信息。印尼的新冠肺炎死亡病例数在东南亚各国居首。
effigy [ˈefɪdʒi]：n.雕像，肖像
网上流传的一段视频显示，两名没有戴口罩的男子在一个假棺材里躺了几分钟。
戳视频：
公共秩序执法者要求他们遵守卫生规定，以避免感染和传播新冠病毒。
根据雅加达首都特区政府的一项规定，在公共场合不戴口罩将被处以最高16.9美元（约合人民币115元）罚款或60分钟社区服务。
gubernatorial [ˌɡuːbənəˈtɔːriəl]：adj.州长的；统治者的；地方长官的
在雅加达南部芝兰达克地区的一条街道上，木雅那在“棺材游街”过程中说：“这份工作很累人，因为人们不了解新冠肺炎的危险。”芝兰达克是一个庞大的郊区，有商业中心，也有中产社区和贫困地区。
其他官员在附近举着标语，用喇叭敦促居民遵守卫生规定，包括戴口罩和保持社交距离。
这一惊人的防疫举措是在严重的疫情下采取的一系列措施之一：上周四（9月3日），印尼新冠肺炎确诊病例数创下单日新高，目前确诊病例总数已逾18万，死亡病例至少达7750例。雅加达是印尼疫情的中心，在这个世界人口第四大国，近四分之一的病例来自雅加达。
在其他地方，为了引起人们对疫情的重视，采取的策略甚至包括派遣一群“鬼魂”在爪哇一个村庄的街道上巡逻，希望古老的迷信能让人们呆在家里。
木雅那说：“到目前为止，人们仍然没有意识到戴口罩的重要性。”他说，希望看到棺材能让人们意识到新冠肺炎的危险。
一些围观的居民说，“棺材游街”可以帮助传递信息。
74岁的马斯诺说：“现在，人们可以理解后果了。没有这个措施，人们总是会违反规定。”
每天的棺材游街从上周开始，预计将持续两周，直到9月10日。
芝兰达克当地政府的副区长恩库·苏哈尼说：“我们希望这会让公众感到害怕，提高他们的意识，希望雅加达的居民会接受。”
这不是雅加达首都特区政府第一次展示棺材来警告人们预防新冠肺炎。
上周二（9月1日），雅加达首都特区省长阿尼斯·巴斯韦丹在雅加达北部Sunter Jaya为新冠肺炎纪念碑揭幕。
纪念碑形似棺材，配有信息板，上面写有警示语句、号召口号以及雅加达新冠肺炎病例累计数据。
英文来源：路透社、aa.com.tr
翻译&编辑：yaning |
诺兰导演的新片《信条》的上映为久旱的影院降下了第一波甘霖。这部王牌作品在海内外都掀起了观影热潮，但是很多观众表示看不懂，评论界也是褒贬不一，在CinemaScore上的观众评分仅为B，甚至在诺兰的电影中，《信条》的口碑也仅属末流作品。
Still from
Tenet
. (Credit:Warner Bros.)
Audience word-of-mouth is in on Christopher Nolan’s time-bending return to screens “Tenet.” According to CinemaScore, which polls audiences to grade films on a scale from F to A+, “Tenet” has received a B rating. That’s not a death knell, but it’s likely below expectations for audience-beloved Nolan and “Tenet” distributor Warner Bros., already fielding mixed reviews for the movie starring John David Washington and Robert Pattinson (including from IndieWire). It’s Nolan’s lowest since “The Prestige,” one of the filmmaker’s more modest-grossing, and also more modestly budgeted, efforts.
克里斯多夫·诺兰关于逆转时间的大作《信条》回归影院后，观众口碑已经出炉！CinemaScore揭晓的观众评分为B（最低为F，最高为A+）。虽然没有判死刑，但是很可能达不到人们对深受观众喜爱的导演诺兰和发行方华纳兄弟公司的期待值。先前包括IndieWire网站在内的评论界对约翰·大卫·华盛顿和罗伯特·帕丁森主演的这部电影也是褒贬不一。这是诺兰自《致命魔术》以后评分最低的电影，《致命魔术》是诺兰票房较低但成本也较低的一部作品。
Past Nolan CinemaScores are as follows:
“Insomnia” (2002): B;
“Batman Begins” (2005): A;
“The Prestige” (2006): B;
“The Dark Knight” (2008): A;
“Inception” (2010): B+;
“The Dark Knight Rises” (2012): A;
“Interstellar” (2014): B+;
“Dunkirk” (2017): A-.
诺兰过去的电影在CinemaScores上的评分如下：
《失眠症》（2002年） B；
《蝙蝠侠：侠影之谜》（2005年 ）A；
《致命魔术》（2006 年） B；
《蝙蝠侠：黑暗骑士》（2008 年） A；
《盗梦空间》（2010 年） B+；
《蝙蝠侠：黑暗骑士崛起》（2012 年） A；
《星际穿越》（2014年） B+；
《敦刻尔克》（2017 年） A-；
To be fair, the “B” stamp is also the first CinemaScore we’ve seen in some time, though “Words on Bathroom Walls”(2020) did score an A. (CinemaScore also reportedly doesn’t list movies on less than 1,500 screens on its website. “Tenet” is right now on about 2,800 screens in the United States.)
平心而论，这个B也是很长一段时间以来我们在CinemaScore上看到的第一个评分。不过2020年电影《浴室墙上的字》得到了A。（据称CinemaScore网站不收录少于1500家影院上映的电影，而《信条》目前在美国约2800家影院上映。）
Reviews, meanwhile, have been scattered between accusing the film of being overly complicated in its conceit combining espionage and science-fiction, and hailing “Tenet” as a messianic return to theaters. Audiences are reportedly also being challenged by the movie’s sound mixing. “Tenet” also packs in a lot of exposition to explain its plot.
与此同时，有些评论指责《信条》过于复杂，自负地将间谍片和科幻片杂交在一起，而有些评论则盛赞该片是拯救影院的一次回归。据报道，《信条》的音效也让观众感到不适。电影中还有很多解释情节的阐述片段。
Per IndieWire’s review, “What kind of picture is it? Big, certainly: IMAX-scaled, and a hefty 150 minutes even after a visibly ruthless edit. As second comings go, ‘Tenet’ is like witnessing a Sermon on the Mount preached by a savior who speaks exclusively in dour, drawn-out riddles. Any awe is flattened by follow-up questions.”
IndieWire的评论是这么写的：“这是什么样的电影呢？当然是大片：无情的剪辑后依然长达150分钟的巨幕电影。在看第二遍的时候，就像在目睹一个救世主宣扬的《登山宝训》，用阴沉的语调讲述了一个冗长的谜。任何敬畏之情都被接下来涌现出的疑问给抵消了。”
Per [pə(r)]: prep. 经；按照
dour [dʊə(r); ˈdaʊə(r)]: adj. 严厉的；阴沉的
Even without New York or Los Angeles markets, “Tenet” is still faring well at the box office stateside and abroad. “Tenet” is projected to gross more than $100 million internationally over the Labor Day weekend, and is also currently ruling the box office in China, with more than $20 million so far.
即使没有纽约或洛杉矶的市场，《信条》在美国和海外的票房成绩依然很不错。在刚过去的劳动节周末，该片预计在世界范围内斩获超1亿美元（约合人民币6.8亿元）的票房收入。该片目前在中国还是票房冠军，迄今为止的票房收入已经超2000万美元。
英文来源：IndieWire
翻译&编辑：丹妮 | Still from
Tenet
. (Credit:Warner Bros.)
Audience word-of-mouth is in on Christopher Nolan’s time-bending return to screens “Tenet.” According to CinemaScore, which polls audiences to grade films on a scale from F to A+, “Tenet” has received a B rating. That’s not a death knell, but it’s likely below expectations for audience-beloved Nolan and “Tenet” distributor Warner Bros., already fielding mixed reviews for the movie starring John David Washington and Robert Pattinson (including from IndieWire). It’s Nolan’s lowest since “The Prestige,” one of the filmmaker’s more modest-grossing, and also more modestly budgeted, efforts.
Past Nolan CinemaScores are as follows:
“Insomnia” (2002): B;
“Batman Begins” (2005): A;
“The Prestige” (2006): B;
“The Dark Knight” (2008): A;
“Inception” (2010): B+;
“The Dark Knight Rises” (2012): A;
“Interstellar” (2014): B+;
“Dunkirk” (2017): A-.
To be fair, the “B” stamp is also the first CinemaScore we’ve seen in some time, though “Words on Bathroom Walls”(2020) did score an A. (CinemaScore also reportedly doesn’t list movies on less than 1,500 screens on its website. “Tenet” is right now on about 2,800 screens in the United States.)
Reviews, meanwhile, have been scattered between accusing the film of being overly complicated in its conceit combining espionage and science-fiction, and hailing “Tenet” as a messianic return to theaters. Audiences are reportedly also being challenged by the movie’s sound mixing. “Tenet” also packs in a lot of exposition to explain its plot.
Per IndieWire’s review, “What kind of picture is it? Big, certainly: IMAX-scaled, and a hefty 150 minutes even after a visibly ruthless edit. As second comings go, ‘Tenet’ is like witnessing a Sermon on the Mount preached by a savior who speaks exclusively in dour, drawn-out riddles. Any awe is flattened by follow-up questions.”
Even without New York or Los Angeles markets, “Tenet” is still faring well at the box office stateside and abroad. “Tenet” is projected to gross more than $100 million internationally over the Labor Day weekend, and is also currently ruling the box office in China, with more than $20 million so far. | 诺兰导演的新片《信条》的上映为久旱的影院降下了第一波甘霖。这部王牌作品在海内外都掀起了观影热潮，但是很多观众表示看不懂，评论界也是褒贬不一，在CinemaScore上的观众评分仅为B，甚至在诺兰的电影中，《信条》的口碑也仅属末流作品。
克里斯多夫·诺兰关于逆转时间的大作《信条》回归影院后，观众口碑已经出炉！CinemaScore揭晓的观众评分为B（最低为F，最高为A+）。虽然没有判死刑，但是很可能达不到人们对深受观众喜爱的导演诺兰和发行方华纳兄弟公司的期待值。先前包括IndieWire网站在内的评论界对约翰·大卫·华盛顿和罗伯特·帕丁森主演的这部电影也是褒贬不一。这是诺兰自《致命魔术》以后评分最低的电影，《致命魔术》是诺兰票房较低但成本也较低的一部作品。
诺兰过去的电影在CinemaScores上的评分如下：
《失眠症》（2002年） B；
《蝙蝠侠：侠影之谜》（2005年 ）A；
《致命魔术》（2006 年） B；
《蝙蝠侠：黑暗骑士》（2008 年） A；
《盗梦空间》（2010 年） B+；
《蝙蝠侠：黑暗骑士崛起》（2012 年） A；
《星际穿越》（2014年） B+；
《敦刻尔克》（2017 年） A-；
平心而论，这个B也是很长一段时间以来我们在CinemaScore上看到的第一个评分。不过2020年电影《浴室墙上的字》得到了A。（据称CinemaScore网站不收录少于1500家影院上映的电影，而《信条》目前在美国约2800家影院上映。）
与此同时，有些评论指责《信条》过于复杂，自负地将间谍片和科幻片杂交在一起，而有些评论则盛赞该片是拯救影院的一次回归。据报道，《信条》的音效也让观众感到不适。电影中还有很多解释情节的阐述片段。
IndieWire的评论是这么写的：“这是什么样的电影呢？当然是大片：无情的剪辑后依然长达150分钟的巨幕电影。在看第二遍的时候，就像在目睹一个救世主宣扬的《登山宝训》，用阴沉的语调讲述了一个冗长的谜。任何敬畏之情都被接下来涌现出的疑问给抵消了。”
Per [pə(r)]: prep. 经；按照
dour [dʊə(r); ˈdaʊə(r)]: adj. 严厉的；阴沉的
即使没有纽约或洛杉矶的市场，《信条》在美国和海外的票房成绩依然很不错。在刚过去的劳动节周末，该片预计在世界范围内斩获超1亿美元（约合人民币6.8亿元）的票房收入。该片目前在中国还是票房冠军，迄今为止的票房收入已经超2000万美元。
英文来源：IndieWire
翻译&编辑：丹妮 |
根据最新统计数据，印度新冠肺炎确诊病例达到420万例，确诊病例总数超过巴西，位列全球第二。美国仍是全球累计确诊病例最多的国家。
Medical workers take care of patients suffering from the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), at the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of the Max Smart Super Speciality Hospital in New Delhi, India, September 5, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
India has recorded a global one-day record of more than 90,000 positive coronavirus cases, taking the country past Brazil as the second most infected country in the world, with 4.2m confirmed cases.
印度新冠肺炎单日新增病例突破9万例，创下全球单日确诊病例纪录之最，确诊病例总数达420万例，超过巴西，位列全球第二。
On Sunday India recorded 90,802 new cases and 1,016 deaths. The worst affected state continues to be Maharashtra, home to the financial capital, Mumbai. It has had nearly a quarter of the country’s total infections, and on Sunday it reported a record 23,350 new cases.
上周日（9月6日），印度新增确诊病例90802例，新增死亡1016例。受影响最严重的邦仍然是马哈拉施特拉邦，那里是金融中心孟买的所在地。马哈拉施特拉邦的确诊人数占全国总数的近四分之一，周日新增确诊病例23350例，创下纪录。
In the capital, Delhi, the city’s metro rail system reopened on Monday morning, despite the city having a five-day rolling average of cases over 2,500. The reopening comes more than five months after the service was closed because of Covid-19.
在首都德里，尽管五天内平均确诊病例超过2500例，但该市的地铁系统仍于本周一早上重新开放。此前，该市地铁系统已因新冠疫情关闭了超过五个月。
“We have deployed police force at every metro station for crowd management and to ensure that people wear face masks and follow norms of social distancing,” Atul Katiya, joint commissioner of police told the Indian news agency, ANI.
联合警察局长Atul Katiya告诉印度通讯社ANI说：“我们在每个地铁站都部署了警力，以疏导人群，并确保人们戴上口罩，遵守社交隔离的规则。”
A worker wearing a face mask cleans the handles inside a metro wagon at the deport of Noida Metro Rail Corporation (NMRC), during an extended nationwide lockdown to slow the spread of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), in Greater Noida, India, May 19, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
The metro in Lucknow, capital of India’s most populous state of Uttar Pradesh, also reopened on Monday after a five-month closure.
印度人口最多的北方邦首府勒克瑙的地铁在关闭五个月后，也于本周一重新开放。
India’s economy has been devastated by the coronavirus pandemic, contracting nearly 24% in the three months to June, its worst performance since records began in 1996.
印度经济受到新冠疫情的重创，4到6月，经济下滑了近24%，是1996年有记录以来的最差水平。
Despite its high number of cases, the country’s death toll is just over 71,000, and according to the ministry of health, the case fatality rate was down to 1.72% on Sunday.
尽管印度的确诊病例数量很高，但该国的死亡人数刚刚超过7.1万。据印度卫生部统计，上周日，印度新冠肺炎死亡率降至1.72%。
Brazil now sits in third place globally, with 4.13 million cases. The US has 6.27 million cases.
巴西的确诊病例数量目前在全球排名第三，达到413万例。美国确诊病例为627万例。
Daily case numbers are also rising in France, the UK and the US. In France, authorities have placed seven more departments covering major cities such as Lille, Strasbourg and Dijon on high alert. The move comes as the nation reported a record of nearly 9,000 daily cases on Friday, and a further 8,550 cases in the past 24 hours on Saturday, when the nationwide test positivity rate increased to 4.7%.
法国、英国和美国的每日新增病例数量也在上升。法国又有七个省份进入高度戒备防疫状态,包括里尔、斯特拉斯堡和第戎等主要城市所在省份。法国上周五新增确诊病例近9000例，创下纪录，上周六24小时内又新增8550例。上周六，法国新冠病毒阳性检测率升至4.7%。
The UK saw nearly 3,000 cases confirmed on Sunday, the highest figure since May, while infections are rising in 22 US states, according to a Reuters analysis. The US trend is concerning on a Labor Day holiday weekend, traditionally filled with family gatherings and parties to mark the end of summer.
据路透社分析，英国上周日新增确诊病例近3000例，是五月份以来的最高数字，而美国有22个州的确诊病例在增加。美国的周末增长趋势令人担忧，因为之后的劳动节，人们通常会举行家庭聚会和派对，以示夏天的结束。
South Korea has meanwhile added 119 more cases of the coronavirus, its lowest daily jump in more than three weeks amid a downward trend in new cases.
与此同时，韩国新增确诊病例119例，这是三周多来的最低单日增幅。韩国的新增病例近期呈下降趋势。
The Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said on Monday the additional figures took the country’s total to 21,296 with 336 deaths.
韩国疾病控制与预防中心本周一表示，韩国新冠肺炎确诊病例达到21296例，死亡病例336例。
Diners return to a restaurant in Sydney, Australia. BAI XUEFEI/XINHUA
全球其他地区疫情进展：
Australia on Monday said it would receive the first batches of a potential Covid-19 vaccine in January 2021, as the country’s virus hotspot said the number of new daily infections has fallen to a 10-week low, Reuters reports.
据路透社报道，澳大利亚本周一表示，该国将在2021年1月接收第一批新冠肺炎候选疫苗，该国疫情严重的地区称每日新增病例已降至10周以来的最低水平。
Patients hospitalised with Covid-19 still have lung damage, breathlessness and coughs weeks after being discharged, researchers have found.
研究人员发现，新冠肺炎住院患者在出院数周后仍伴有肺损伤、呼吸困难和咳嗽症状。
Global coronavirus cases passed 27m, with 883,339 deaths confirmed, according to the Johns Hopkins University tracker.
根据约翰斯·霍普金斯大学的数据，全球新冠肺炎确诊病例超过2700万例，死亡病例88万3339例。
英文来源：卫报
翻译&编辑：yaning | Medical workers take care of patients suffering from the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), at the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of the Max Smart Super Speciality Hospital in New Delhi, India, September 5, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
India has recorded a global one-day record of more than 90,000 positive coronavirus cases, taking the country past Brazil as the second most infected country in the world, with 4.2m confirmed cases.
On Sunday India recorded 90,802 new cases and 1,016 deaths. The worst affected state continues to be Maharashtra, home to the financial capital, Mumbai. It has had nearly a quarter of the country’s total infections, and on Sunday it reported a record 23,350 new cases.
In the capital, Delhi, the city’s metro rail system reopened on Monday morning, despite the city having a five-day rolling average of cases over 2,500. The reopening comes more than five months after the service was closed because of Covid-19.
“We have deployed police force at every metro station for crowd management and to ensure that people wear face masks and follow norms of social distancing,” Atul Katiya, joint commissioner of police told the Indian news agency, ANI.
A worker wearing a face mask cleans the handles inside a metro wagon at the deport of Noida Metro Rail Corporation (NMRC), during an extended nationwide lockdown to slow the spread of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), in Greater Noida, India, May 19, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
The metro in Lucknow, capital of India’s most populous state of Uttar Pradesh, also reopened on Monday after a five-month closure.
India’s economy has been devastated by the coronavirus pandemic, contracting nearly 24% in the three months to June, its worst performance since records began in 1996.
Despite its high number of cases, the country’s death toll is just over 71,000, and according to the ministry of health, the case fatality rate was down to 1.72% on Sunday.
Brazil now sits in third place globally, with 4.13 million cases. The US has 6.27 million cases.
Daily case numbers are also rising in France, the UK and the US. In France, authorities have placed seven more departments covering major cities such as Lille, Strasbourg and Dijon on high alert. The move comes as the nation reported a record of nearly 9,000 daily cases on Friday, and a further 8,550 cases in the past 24 hours on Saturday, when the nationwide test positivity rate increased to 4.7%.
The UK saw nearly 3,000 cases confirmed on Sunday, the highest figure since May, while infections are rising in 22 US states, according to a Reuters analysis. The US trend is concerning on a Labor Day holiday weekend, traditionally filled with family gatherings and parties to mark the end of summer.
South Korea has meanwhile added 119 more cases of the coronavirus, its lowest daily jump in more than three weeks amid a downward trend in new cases.
The Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said on Monday the additional figures took the country’s total to 21,296 with 336 deaths.
Diners return to a restaurant in Sydney, Australia. BAI XUEFEI/XINHUA
Australia on Monday said it would receive the first batches of a potential Covid-19 vaccine in January 2021, as the country’s virus hotspot said the number of new daily infections has fallen to a 10-week low, Reuters reports.
Patients hospitalised with Covid-19 still have lung damage, breathlessness and coughs weeks after being discharged, researchers have found.
Global coronavirus cases passed 27m, with 883,339 deaths confirmed, according to the Johns Hopkins University tracker. | 根据最新统计数据，印度新冠肺炎确诊病例达到420万例，确诊病例总数超过巴西，位列全球第二。美国仍是全球累计确诊病例最多的国家。
印度新冠肺炎单日新增病例突破9万例，创下全球单日确诊病例纪录之最，确诊病例总数达420万例，超过巴西，位列全球第二。
上周日（9月6日），印度新增确诊病例90802例，新增死亡1016例。受影响最严重的邦仍然是马哈拉施特拉邦，那里是金融中心孟买的所在地。马哈拉施特拉邦的确诊人数占全国总数的近四分之一，周日新增确诊病例23350例，创下纪录。
在首都德里，尽管五天内平均确诊病例超过2500例，但该市的地铁系统仍于本周一早上重新开放。此前，该市地铁系统已因新冠疫情关闭了超过五个月。
联合警察局长Atul Katiya告诉印度通讯社ANI说：“我们在每个地铁站都部署了警力，以疏导人群，并确保人们戴上口罩，遵守社交隔离的规则。”
印度人口最多的北方邦首府勒克瑙的地铁在关闭五个月后，也于本周一重新开放。
印度经济受到新冠疫情的重创，4到6月，经济下滑了近24%，是1996年有记录以来的最差水平。
尽管印度的确诊病例数量很高，但该国的死亡人数刚刚超过7.1万。据印度卫生部统计，上周日，印度新冠肺炎死亡率降至1.72%。
巴西的确诊病例数量目前在全球排名第三，达到413万例。美国确诊病例为627万例。
法国、英国和美国的每日新增病例数量也在上升。法国又有七个省份进入高度戒备防疫状态,包括里尔、斯特拉斯堡和第戎等主要城市所在省份。法国上周五新增确诊病例近9000例，创下纪录，上周六24小时内又新增8550例。上周六，法国新冠病毒阳性检测率升至4.7%。
据路透社分析，英国上周日新增确诊病例近3000例，是五月份以来的最高数字，而美国有22个州的确诊病例在增加。美国的周末增长趋势令人担忧，因为之后的劳动节，人们通常会举行家庭聚会和派对，以示夏天的结束。
与此同时，韩国新增确诊病例119例，这是三周多来的最低单日增幅。韩国的新增病例近期呈下降趋势。
韩国疾病控制与预防中心本周一表示，韩国新冠肺炎确诊病例达到21296例，死亡病例336例。
全球其他地区疫情进展：
据路透社报道，澳大利亚本周一表示，该国将在2021年1月接收第一批新冠肺炎候选疫苗，该国疫情严重的地区称每日新增病例已降至10周以来的最低水平。
研究人员发现，新冠肺炎住院患者在出院数周后仍伴有肺损伤、呼吸困难和咳嗽症状。
根据约翰斯·霍普金斯大学的数据，全球新冠肺炎确诊病例超过2700万例，死亡病例88万3339例。
英文来源：卫报
翻译&编辑：yaning |
新冠肺炎疫情迫使人们待在家里，也迫使许多人回到了父母的家。皮尤研究中心的数据显示，美国30岁以下的成人有超半数与父母同住，其中选择在疫情期间搬回家住的美国年轻白人最多。
Photo by Amy Humphries on Unsplash
The number of young adults living with their parents hit an eight-decade high in July, as the pandemic’s disruption of jobs hit young generations particularly hard.
与父母同住的美国年轻成人数量在七月份达到了八十年来的最高峰，因为疫情对年轻一代的就业打击尤为严重。
More than half of adults under 30 (52%), or 26.6 million, are living with one or both of their parents as of July, according to a study of Census data from Pew Research Center. That’s up from 47% in February and exceeds the previous high of 48% in 1940, according to Census data.
根据皮尤研究中心对美国人口普查数据的一项研究，超半数的30岁以下成人（52%，2660万）在七月份与父母或父母的其中一方同住，打破了1940年48%的纪录，二月份这一比例是47%。
It’s also the highest recorded level from the Census dating back to 1900, but no data is available from the Great Depression, which likely was worse, according to Pew.
皮尤研究中心称，这也是1900年以来记录在案的史上最高水平，但是大萧条时期的数据无从获取，那时候可能情况更糟。
"For the most part, nobody wants to be living at home with mom and dad,” said Jeremy Sopko, CEO of Nations Lending Corporation, a mortgage lender. “It's a difficult situation that's been exacerbated by the pandemic and it may take years, if not the better part of a decade, for younger demographics to recover and be financially stable enough to leave home.”
国家贷款公司的首席执行官杰里米·索普科说：“在大多数情况下，没人想和父母住一起。疫情让本就艰难的局势雪上加霜，年轻人可能需要数年，也可能七八年，才能恢复过来，财务状况才能稳定到可以离家自立。”
Growth was sharpest for those between 18 and 24, which increased from 63% living at home in February to 71% in July. The number of households headed by an 18- to 19-year-olds declined by 1.9 million, or 12%, between February and July 2020.
18岁到24岁的年轻人与父母同住的比例上升得最厉害，从二月份的63%上升到七月份的71%。2020年二月到七月间，18岁到19岁的自己居住的年轻人数量减少了190万，下降了12%。
The increase in those living with their parents is largest among 18- to 24-year-olds, according to Pew Research Center. (Credit: Pew Research Center)
Notably, the change is not because of college closures in the spring. The Census data already considers unmarried students who live in campus dorms as living in the family home.
值得注意的是，这一改变不是因为大学在春季关闭。普查数据已经将住在大学宿舍里的未婚学生视为住在父母家里。
But the rapid rise in unemployment does correlate with the increase in young people living at home, according to Pew. The percentage share of 16- to 24-year-olds who are neither in school or employed increased more than two-fold to 28% in June from February, when it was 11%.
但是皮尤研究中心指出，失业率的快速增长确实与住在父母家的年轻人数量增加有关。既不是学生也没有工作的16岁到24岁的年轻人比例从二月（11%）到六月（28%）增加了一倍多。
"Unfortunately you've got a slew of factors working against the younger demographics in this country right now,” Sopko said. “You have to take into account two huge factors: massive student loan debt and a lack of available work, especially in service fields, hospitality, and the travel sectors.”
索普科说：“不幸的是，现在美国有许多因素都对年轻人不利。你必须考虑两大因素：巨额的助学贷款债务和缺乏工作机会，尤其在服务业、酒店业和旅游业。”
a slew of: 大量的
Similarly, 18- to 24-year-olds had the highest unemployment rates in July than any other age groups. The rate was 19.8% for 18- to 19-year-olds, after spiking to 34.3% in April. It was slightly lower at 18.3% in July for 20- to 24-year-olds, following a jump to 25.7% in April, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
同样，18岁到24岁人群在七月份的失业率比其他任何年龄段的人都要高。根据美国劳工统计局的数据，18岁到19岁人群的失业率是19.8%，四月份曾经飙至34.3%。20岁到24岁人群的失业率在七月份略低，为18.3%，四月份曾高达25.7%。
A majority of young adults under 30 were living at home with their parents in July, according to Pew Research Center. (Credit: Pew Research Center)
But unemployment only explains part of the increase in living at home.
但是失业只能部分解释年轻人与父母同住比例增加。
"The relatively large increase in non-Hispanic white young adults living with parents compared with young adults of other racial and ethnic backgrounds was unexpected,” said Richard Fry, senior researcher of the study at Pew Research Center. “Earlier Pew research shows that the job losses associated with the pandemic were less severe for whites.”
该研究的高级研究员、皮尤研究中心的理查德·弗莱说：“非西班牙裔的白种年轻成人与父母同住比例相比其他种族的年轻成人增幅更大让人感到意外。先前的皮尤研究显示，白人所遭受的与疫情相关的失业没那么严重。”
Historically, white young adults were less likely to live with their parents than Asian, Black and Hispanic young people. But Pew found that gap has shrunk since February as white young adults moved back home at a faster rate than their Asian, Black, and Hispanic counterparts. White Americans accounted for more than two-thirds of the increase.
历史上，白种年轻成人相比亚裔、非裔和西班牙裔的年轻人更不可能与父母同住。但是皮尤研究中心发现，自从二月份以来，这一差距已经缩小了，因为白种年轻成人搬回家住的比例相比亚裔、非裔和西班牙裔的同龄人更大。在搬回家住的年轻人中，美国白人的比例超三分之二。
The move back home could be more of a lifestyle choice during the pandemic for some young adults, rather than a financial necessity after a job loss, said Brent Cohen, executive director of Generation Progress, a research and advocacy center for young people.
为年轻人倡导权益的研究中心Generation Progress的执行理事布伦特·科恩称，疫情期间搬回家住对一些年轻成人而言可能更多的是生活方式的选择，而不是失业后因经济困难而不得不同住。
“For those who were working remotely, this was likely a short-term move so that they weren’t alone in their apartments when social distancing measures were put in place,” Cohen said. “But, what was expected by many to last two to four weeks, has now extended for nearly six months.”
科恩说：“对那些远程工作的人来说，这可能是短时间的同住，目的是在社交隔离措施实行期间不会孤独一人待在公寓里。但是，许多人原以为只是住个两到四周，现在却延长到了近六个月。”
英文来源：雅虎新闻
翻译&编辑：丹妮 | Photo by Amy Humphries on Unsplash
The number of young adults living with their parents hit an eight-decade high in July, as the pandemic’s disruption of jobs hit young generations particularly hard.
More than half of adults under 30 (52%), or 26.6 million, are living with one or both of their parents as of July, according to a study of Census data from Pew Research Center. That’s up from 47% in February and exceeds the previous high of 48% in 1940, according to Census data.
It’s also the highest recorded level from the Census dating back to 1900, but no data is available from the Great Depression, which likely was worse, according to Pew.
"For the most part, nobody wants to be living at home with mom and dad,” said Jeremy Sopko, CEO of Nations Lending Corporation, a mortgage lender. “It's a difficult situation that's been exacerbated by the pandemic and it may take years, if not the better part of a decade, for younger demographics to recover and be financially stable enough to leave home.”
Growth was sharpest for those between 18 and 24, which increased from 63% living at home in February to 71% in July. The number of households headed by an 18- to 19-year-olds declined by 1.9 million, or 12%, between February and July 2020.
The increase in those living with their parents is largest among 18- to 24-year-olds, according to Pew Research Center. (Credit: Pew Research Center)
Notably, the change is not because of college closures in the spring. The Census data already considers unmarried students who live in campus dorms as living in the family home.
But the rapid rise in unemployment does correlate with the increase in young people living at home, according to Pew. The percentage share of 16- to 24-year-olds who are neither in school or employed increased more than two-fold to 28% in June from February, when it was 11%.
"Unfortunately you've got a slew of factors working against the younger demographics in this country right now,” Sopko said. “You have to take into account two huge factors: massive student loan debt and a lack of available work, especially in service fields, hospitality, and the travel sectors.”
Similarly, 18- to 24-year-olds had the highest unemployment rates in July than any other age groups. The rate was 19.8% for 18- to 19-year-olds, after spiking to 34.3% in April. It was slightly lower at 18.3% in July for 20- to 24-year-olds, following a jump to 25.7% in April, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
A majority of young adults under 30 were living at home with their parents in July, according to Pew Research Center. (Credit: Pew Research Center)
But unemployment only explains part of the increase in living at home.
"The relatively large increase in non-Hispanic white young adults living with parents compared with young adults of other racial and ethnic backgrounds was unexpected,” said Richard Fry, senior researcher of the study at Pew Research Center. “Earlier Pew research shows that the job losses associated with the pandemic were less severe for whites.”
Historically, white young adults were less likely to live with their parents than Asian, Black and Hispanic young people. But Pew found that gap has shrunk since February as white young adults moved back home at a faster rate than their Asian, Black, and Hispanic counterparts. White Americans accounted for more than two-thirds of the increase.
The move back home could be more of a lifestyle choice during the pandemic for some young adults, rather than a financial necessity after a job loss, said Brent Cohen, executive director of Generation Progress, a research and advocacy center for young people.
“For those who were working remotely, this was likely a short-term move so that they weren’t alone in their apartments when social distancing measures were put in place,” Cohen said. “But, what was expected by many to last two to four weeks, has now extended for nearly six months.” | 新冠肺炎疫情迫使人们待在家里，也迫使许多人回到了父母的家。皮尤研究中心的数据显示，美国30岁以下的成人有超半数与父母同住，其中选择在疫情期间搬回家住的美国年轻白人最多。
与父母同住的美国年轻成人数量在七月份达到了八十年来的最高峰，因为疫情对年轻一代的就业打击尤为严重。
根据皮尤研究中心对美国人口普查数据的一项研究，超半数的30岁以下成人（52%，2660万）在七月份与父母或父母的其中一方同住，打破了1940年48%的纪录，二月份这一比例是47%。
皮尤研究中心称，这也是1900年以来记录在案的史上最高水平，但是大萧条时期的数据无从获取，那时候可能情况更糟。
国家贷款公司的首席执行官杰里米·索普科说：“在大多数情况下，没人想和父母住一起。疫情让本就艰难的局势雪上加霜，年轻人可能需要数年，也可能七八年，才能恢复过来，财务状况才能稳定到可以离家自立。”
18岁到24岁的年轻人与父母同住的比例上升得最厉害，从二月份的63%上升到七月份的71%。2020年二月到七月间，18岁到19岁的自己居住的年轻人数量减少了190万，下降了12%。
值得注意的是，这一改变不是因为大学在春季关闭。普查数据已经将住在大学宿舍里的未婚学生视为住在父母家里。
但是皮尤研究中心指出，失业率的快速增长确实与住在父母家的年轻人数量增加有关。既不是学生也没有工作的16岁到24岁的年轻人比例从二月（11%）到六月（28%）增加了一倍多。
索普科说：“不幸的是，现在美国有许多因素都对年轻人不利。你必须考虑两大因素：巨额的助学贷款债务和缺乏工作机会，尤其在服务业、酒店业和旅游业。”
a slew of: 大量的
同样，18岁到24岁人群在七月份的失业率比其他任何年龄段的人都要高。根据美国劳工统计局的数据，18岁到19岁人群的失业率是19.8%，四月份曾经飙至34.3%。20岁到24岁人群的失业率在七月份略低，为18.3%，四月份曾高达25.7%。
但是失业只能部分解释年轻人与父母同住比例增加。
该研究的高级研究员、皮尤研究中心的理查德·弗莱说：“非西班牙裔的白种年轻成人与父母同住比例相比其他种族的年轻成人增幅更大让人感到意外。先前的皮尤研究显示，白人所遭受的与疫情相关的失业没那么严重。”
历史上，白种年轻成人相比亚裔、非裔和西班牙裔的年轻人更不可能与父母同住。但是皮尤研究中心发现，自从二月份以来，这一差距已经缩小了，因为白种年轻成人搬回家住的比例相比亚裔、非裔和西班牙裔的同龄人更大。在搬回家住的年轻人中，美国白人的比例超三分之二。
为年轻人倡导权益的研究中心Generation Progress的执行理事布伦特·科恩称，疫情期间搬回家住对一些年轻成人而言可能更多的是生活方式的选择，而不是失业后因经济困难而不得不同住。
科恩说：“对那些远程工作的人来说，这可能是短时间的同住，目的是在社交隔离措施实行期间不会孤独一人待在公寓里。但是，许多人原以为只是住个两到四周，现在却延长到了近六个月。”
英文来源：雅虎新闻
翻译&编辑：丹妮 |
发微信的时候，你会在一句话结束时用句号吗？一些语言学家表示，用句号来结束一句话，会让拿着手机长大的Z世代人感到恐慌，因为这个标点符号对于他们而言，不再意味着句子的结束，而是表示“说话时语气生硬或愤怒”。
Adam Jang@adamjang/unsplash
Full stops intimidate young people when used in social media communication as they are interpreted as a sign of anger, according to linguistic experts.
语言专家表示，在社交媒体交流中使用句号会让年轻人感到恐慌，因为他们认为这表示愤怒。
Teenagers and those in their early twenties, classified as Generation Z, have grown up with smartphones which they use to send short messages without full stops.
青少年和那些20岁出头的人被称为Z世代，他们在智能手机的陪伴下长大，用智能手机发送短信，但不使用句号。
Linguistic experts are now investigating why teens interpret a correctly-punctuated text as a signal of irritation.
语言专家正在研究，为什么青少年会把正确地使用了标点的短信理解为愤怒的信号。
The debate was reignited after writer Rhiannon Cosslett tweeted: 'Older people – do you realise that ending a sentence with a full stop comes across as sort of abrupt and unfriendly to younger people in an email/chat? Genuinely curious.'
作家里安农·科斯莱特近日发布的推文中写道：“年龄较大的人们，你们是否意识到，在邮件或短信聊天中使用句号对年轻人来说意味着生硬和不友善？纯粹好奇。”这引发了有关年轻人对句号态度的再次讨论。
That prompted crime novelist Sophie Hannah to reply: 'Just asked 16-year-old son – apparently this is true. If he got a message with full stops at the end of sentences he'd think the sender was "weird, mean or too blunt".'
犯罪小说家索菲·汉娜回复道：“我问过16岁的儿子，这显然是真的。如果他收到的短信末尾有句号，他会认为发件人‘古怪、刻薄或太生硬’。”
According to experts, youngsters used to communicating electronically break up their thoughts by sending each one as a separate message, rather than using a full stop, which they use only to signal they are annoyed or irritated.
专家认为，习惯用电子设备交流的年轻人会将他们的想法分开发送，而不是使用句号，因为句号只能表示他们很恼火或愤怒。
Some have said the full stop is redundant when used in texting because the message is ended just by sending it.
有些人说，发短信时用句号是多余的，因为短信发出那句话就结束了。
Lacie Slezak@nbb_photos/unsplash
According to
The Telegraph
, Linguist Dr Lauren Fonteyn of Leiden University in Holland, tweeted: 'If you send a text message without a full stop, it's already obvious that you've concluded the message.
据英国《每日电讯报》报道，荷兰莱顿大学的语言学家劳伦·方廷博士在推特上写道：“发短信时不加句号，很明显你也已经说完了。”
'So if you add that additional marker for completion, they will read something into it and it tends to be a falling intonation or negative tone.'
“所以如果已经结束了，你还额外加上一个表示完成的符号，人们就会解读出一些往往是消极或负面的情绪。”
A linguist from the University of Cambridge, Owen McArdle, told the newspaper: 'I'm not sure I agree about emails. I guess it depends how formal they are.
剑桥大学的语言学家欧文·麦卡德尔告诉《每日邮报》：“电子邮件中的处理方式，我不太确定。要看邮件有多正式。”
'But full stops are, in my experience, very much the exception and not the norm in [young people's] instant messages, and have a new role in signifying an abrupt or angry tone of voice.'
“但根据我的经验，在（年轻人的）即时通讯中，句号的确是个例外，它并不常见，而且它有了一个新角色，就是表达突兀或愤怒的语调。”
And the potential change in meaning of the full stop, in relation to online communication, has been debated by linguists for years.
关于句号的含义在网络交流中可能发生的变化，语言学家已经争论了很多年。
Professor David Crystal, one of the world's leading language experts, argues that the usage of full stops is being 'revised in a really fundamental way'.
大卫·克里斯特尔教授是世界顶尖的语言专家之一，他认为句号的用法正在“从根本上发生改变”。
In his book,
Making a Point
, he says that the punctuation mark has become an 'emotion marker' which alerts the recipient that the sender is angry or annoyed.
他在所著的《表达观点》一书中写道，句号已经变成了一种“情绪标记”，提醒收件人，发件人生气或恼怒。
He wrote: 'You look at the internet or any instant messaging exchange – anything that is a fast dialogue taking place. People simply do not put full stops in, unless they want to make a point.
他写道：“看看互联网或任何即时通讯交流，任何正在发生的快速对话。除非想要表明一个观点，否则人们根本不会使用句号。”
The full stop is now being used in those circumstances as an emotion marker.'
“如今，句号在这些语境中被用来表达情绪。”
In 2015, a study from Binghamton University in New York suggested that people who finish messages with full stops are perceived as insincere.
2015年，纽约宾汉姆顿大学的一项研究表明，用句号结束短信的人会被认为不真诚。
The study involved 126 undergraduates and the researchers found that text messages ending in the most final of punctuation marks – eg 'lol.', 'let's go to Nando's.' – were perceived as being less sincere.
共有126名大学生参与了这项研究，研究人员发现，使用句号的短信会被认为不那么真诚，比如“大声笑（Laugh Out Loud）。”或“我们去Nando's烤鸡店吧。”
Unusually, texts ending in an exclamation point – 'lmao!', 'just a cheeky one!', 'what body part even is that? I hope it's your arm!' – are deemed heartfelt or more profound.
不同寻常的是，短信以感叹号结尾被认为是真心诚意或更深刻的。比如，“笑死我了！”、 “真是个厚颜无耻的家伙!”、“那到底是什么身体部位？我希望是你的胳膊！”
Research leader Celia Klin said at the time: 'When speaking, people easily convey social and emotional information with eye gaze, facial expressions, tone of voice, pauses and so on.
研究负责人西莉亚·克林当时说：“在说话的时候，人们很容易通过凝视、面部表情、语调、停顿等方式传递社交和情感信息。”
'People obviously can't use these mechanisms when they are texting. Thus, it makes sense that texters rely on what they have available to them – emoticons, deliberate misspellings that mimic speech sounds and, according to our data, punctuation.'
“人们在发短信时显然不能使用这些方式。因此，我们的研究数据显示，发短信的人依赖他们现有的表情符号、刻意用错别字来模仿语音，以及使用标点符号来传递信息，这都是有道理的。”
The full stop derives from Greek punctuation introduced by Aristophanes of Byzantium in the 3rd Century BC.
句号源自希腊标点符号，由拜占庭的阿里斯多芬尼斯（古希腊早期喜剧代表作家、诗人）在公元前3世纪引入。
英文来源：每日邮报
翻译&编辑：yaning | Adam Jang@adamjang/unsplash
Full stops intimidate young people when used in social media communication as they are interpreted as a sign of anger, according to linguistic experts.
Teenagers and those in their early twenties, classified as Generation Z, have grown up with smartphones which they use to send short messages without full stops.
Linguistic experts are now investigating why teens interpret a correctly-punctuated text as a signal of irritation.
The debate was reignited after writer Rhiannon Cosslett tweeted: 'Older people – do you realise that ending a sentence with a full stop comes across as sort of abrupt and unfriendly to younger people in an email/chat? Genuinely curious.'
That prompted crime novelist Sophie Hannah to reply: 'Just asked 16-year-old son – apparently this is true. If he got a message with full stops at the end of sentences he'd think the sender was "weird, mean or too blunt".'
According to experts, youngsters used to communicating electronically break up their thoughts by sending each one as a separate message, rather than using a full stop, which they use only to signal they are annoyed or irritated.
Some have said the full stop is redundant when used in texting because the message is ended just by sending it.
According to
The Telegraph
, Linguist Dr Lauren Fonteyn of Leiden University in Holland, tweeted: 'If you send a text message without a full stop, it's already obvious that you've concluded the message.
'So if you add that additional marker for completion, they will read something into it and it tends to be a falling intonation or negative tone.'
A linguist from the University of Cambridge, Owen McArdle, told the newspaper: 'I'm not sure I agree about emails. I guess it depends how formal they are.
'But full stops are, in my experience, very much the exception and not the norm in [young people's] instant messages, and have a new role in signifying an abrupt or angry tone of voice.'
And the potential change in meaning of the full stop, in relation to online communication, has been debated by linguists for years.
Professor David Crystal, one of the world's leading language experts, argues that the usage of full stops is being 'revised in a really fundamental way'.
In his book,
Making a Point
, he says that the punctuation mark has become an 'emotion marker' which alerts the recipient that the sender is angry or annoyed.
He wrote: 'You look at the internet or any instant messaging exchange – anything that is a fast dialogue taking place. People simply do not put full stops in, unless they want to make a point.
The full stop is now being used in those circumstances as an emotion marker.'
In 2015, a study from Binghamton University in New York suggested that people who finish messages with full stops are perceived as insincere.
The study involved 126 undergraduates and the researchers found that text messages ending in the most final of punctuation marks – eg 'lol.', 'let's go to Nando's.' – were perceived as being less sincere.
Unusually, texts ending in an exclamation point – 'lmao!', 'just a cheeky one!', 'what body part even is that? I hope it's your arm!' – are deemed heartfelt or more profound.
Research leader Celia Klin said at the time: 'When speaking, people easily convey social and emotional information with eye gaze, facial expressions, tone of voice, pauses and so on.
'People obviously can't use these mechanisms when they are texting. Thus, it makes sense that texters rely on what they have available to them – emoticons, deliberate misspellings that mimic speech sounds and, according to our data, punctuation.'
The full stop derives from Greek punctuation introduced by Aristophanes of Byzantium in the 3rd Century BC. | 发微信的时候，你会在一句话结束时用句号吗？一些语言学家表示，用句号来结束一句话，会让拿着手机长大的Z世代人感到恐慌，因为这个标点符号对于他们而言，不再意味着句子的结束，而是表示“说话时语气生硬或愤怒”。
语言专家表示，在社交媒体交流中使用句号会让年轻人感到恐慌，因为他们认为这表示愤怒。
青少年和那些20岁出头的人被称为Z世代，他们在智能手机的陪伴下长大，用智能手机发送短信，但不使用句号。
语言专家正在研究，为什么青少年会把正确地使用了标点的短信理解为愤怒的信号。
作家里安农·科斯莱特近日发布的推文中写道：“年龄较大的人们，你们是否意识到，在邮件或短信聊天中使用句号对年轻人来说意味着生硬和不友善？纯粹好奇。”这引发了有关年轻人对句号态度的再次讨论。
犯罪小说家索菲·汉娜回复道：“我问过16岁的儿子，这显然是真的。如果他收到的短信末尾有句号，他会认为发件人‘古怪、刻薄或太生硬’。”
专家认为，习惯用电子设备交流的年轻人会将他们的想法分开发送，而不是使用句号，因为句号只能表示他们很恼火或愤怒。
有些人说，发短信时用句号是多余的，因为短信发出那句话就结束了。
Lacie Slezak@nbb_photos/unsplash
据英国《每日电讯报》报道，荷兰莱顿大学的语言学家劳伦·方廷博士在推特上写道：“发短信时不加句号，很明显你也已经说完了。”
“所以如果已经结束了，你还额外加上一个表示完成的符号，人们就会解读出一些往往是消极或负面的情绪。”
剑桥大学的语言学家欧文·麦卡德尔告诉《每日邮报》：“电子邮件中的处理方式，我不太确定。要看邮件有多正式。”
“但根据我的经验，在（年轻人的）即时通讯中，句号的确是个例外，它并不常见，而且它有了一个新角色，就是表达突兀或愤怒的语调。”
关于句号的含义在网络交流中可能发生的变化，语言学家已经争论了很多年。
大卫·克里斯特尔教授是世界顶尖的语言专家之一，他认为句号的用法正在“从根本上发生改变”。
他在所著的《表达观点》一书中写道，句号已经变成了一种“情绪标记”，提醒收件人，发件人生气或恼怒。
他写道：“看看互联网或任何即时通讯交流，任何正在发生的快速对话。除非想要表明一个观点，否则人们根本不会使用句号。”
“如今，句号在这些语境中被用来表达情绪。”
2015年，纽约宾汉姆顿大学的一项研究表明，用句号结束短信的人会被认为不真诚。
共有126名大学生参与了这项研究，研究人员发现，使用句号的短信会被认为不那么真诚，比如“大声笑（Laugh Out Loud）。”或“我们去Nando's烤鸡店吧。”
不同寻常的是，短信以感叹号结尾被认为是真心诚意或更深刻的。比如，“笑死我了！”、 “真是个厚颜无耻的家伙!”、“那到底是什么身体部位？我希望是你的胳膊！”
研究负责人西莉亚·克林当时说：“在说话的时候，人们很容易通过凝视、面部表情、语调、停顿等方式传递社交和情感信息。”
“人们在发短信时显然不能使用这些方式。因此，我们的研究数据显示，发短信的人依赖他们现有的表情符号、刻意用错别字来模仿语音，以及使用标点符号来传递信息，这都是有道理的。”
句号源自希腊标点符号，由拜占庭的阿里斯多芬尼斯（古希腊早期喜剧代表作家、诗人）在公元前3世纪引入。
英文来源：每日邮报
翻译&编辑：yaning |
疫情期间意大利人在阳台上放声歌唱，而印度人则热衷于放风筝。据报道，往年的风筝淡季在今年反而成了旺季，放风筝成为了隔离在家的印度人为数不多的消遣活动。
Photo by Aaron Burden on Unsplash
Mohammad Ahmed has been selling kites for the past 11 years, and he says he has never seen it so busy.
穆罕默德·艾哈迈德已经卖了11年风筝，他表示从未见过生意如此繁忙。
Sales at his shop in Delhi have soared over the past six months - thanks to coronavirus.
过去六个月他在德里的风筝店销量大涨，这都是拜疫情所赐。
Mr Ahmed says that most days since India went into lockdown on 25 March he has restocked his shop with kites worth a total 150,000 rupees, only for them to sell out by the evening.
艾哈迈德说，自从印度在3月25日实行封锁以后，他每天都要补充总价15万卢比（约合人民币13987元）的风筝库存，但大多数时候总是不到天黑就卖光了。
"I am tired of taking phone calls," he says. "Suddenly everybody has needed kites. I am still getting calls from all over the country - Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Rajasthan… There is still so much demand that I am not able to fulfil it."
他说：“我接电话都接烦了。突然之间每个人都需要风筝。我还在不停地接到来自全国各地的电话，马哈拉施特拉邦、泰米尔纳德邦、拉贾斯坦邦……需求量依然这么大，我都没法满足了。”
Mohammad Ahmed (left) has also been exporting kites from India to Pakistan. Credit:Mohammad Ahmed
While Italians sang songs from their balconies and windows to boost morale when they were stuck at home due to Covid-19 restrictions, Indians flew kites from their terraces and roof tops.
由于疫情限制措施而不得不待在家里的意大利人在阳台上和窗前唱歌来鼓舞士气，而印度人则在自家露台和屋顶上放风筝。
Ahsan Khan, a seller in Mumbai, says, "The period between April and August is usually the leanest [for kite sales], but this year, I have sold about 500,000 kites [during that time]."
孟买的一名卖家阿赫桑·汗表示：“四月到八月期间通常是风筝销售的淡季，但今年我却（在这一期间）卖出了约50万只风筝。”
He adds that neighbouring Pakistan had also caught the kite-flying bug during its lockdown. "I am even getting calls from Karachi and Lahore in Pakistan, from people offering to pay me double the usual amount."
他还说道，邻国巴基斯坦也在封锁期间掀起了放风筝的热潮。“我甚至接到了来自巴基斯坦卡拉奇和拉合尔的电话，那里的人们提出用双倍价钱买我的风筝。”
Kite-flying has been a popular pastime in India for centuries, with historians saying that it was introduced to the country by Chinese travellers.
几个世纪以来，放风筝在印度一直是广受欢迎的消遣活动，历史学家称放风筝是由中国旅人引进的。
It is however, usually a seasonal activity in India. In most parts of the country sales peak around the festival of Makar Sankranti - celebrated on 14 January to mark the beginning of spring and harvest season.
不过，在印度，放风筝通常是一种季节性活动。在印度的多数地区，风筝销量会在马卡尔·桑克兰蒂节前后达到高峰。1月14日庆祝的马卡尔·桑克兰蒂节是为了纪念春天和收获季节的开始。
The tradition of kite-flying has long been associated with this festival, with the western state of Gujarat organising an international kite festival on the same day.
长期以来，放风筝的传统一直和这个节日相关联，印度西部的古吉拉特邦会在同一天举行国际风筝节。
Preparations for this begin months earlier, with kite-makers from other parts of the country going to Gujarat, and the city of Mumbai, just to the south, to lend their expertise in making India's traditional brightly-coloured paper kites.
国际风筝节的筹备工作在数月前就会开始，来自印度其他地区的风筝制作者会聚集到古吉拉特邦和古吉拉特邦以南的孟买市，贡献自己的才艺来制作印度传统的色彩鲜艳的纸风筝。
Some other festivals, like Basant Panchami and Pahela Baishakh, keep up the demand in northern India till April, after which sales start to fall. They then recover just before 15 August when India celebrates its Independence Day.
其他的一些节日，比如知识节和孟历新年，会让印度北部对风筝的需求高峰持续到四月份，之后销量就开始下降。风筝销量在8月15日印度庆祝独立日前又会重新开始上涨。
Photo by Agnieszka Ziomek on Unsplash
But this year, the coronavirus lockdown has kept the kite industry very busy during its usual lean months. Even after the lockdown began being eased in stages from June to the end of August, children, mostly boys, kept the demand high as the schools remained shut.
但在今年，疫情封锁却让风筝行业在往年的淡季异常繁忙。即使在六月到八月底的这段时间，封锁措施开始放松，但由于学校依然关闭，孩子们（以男孩为主）依然让风筝需求量居高不下。
"You couldn't go out, you couldn't take your children to the park, so people resorted to kite-flying to pass their time," says Shahida Rehman, who manages a kite business with her son in Mumbai.
在孟买和儿子一起经营风筝生意的沙希达·拉赫曼说：“你不能出去，也不能带孩子去公园，所以人们只能放风筝来消磨时间。”
Although in one or two India cities and towns kite flying ended up being banned during the lockdown because authorities were concerned that neighbours all going out on their terraces could transmit the virus to each other, overall it was allowed and sales boomed.
尽管在封锁期间有一两个印度城镇禁止放风筝，原因是当局担心邻居们都跑到露台上会相互传播病毒，但总体上还是允许放风筝的，风筝销量也非常好。
The Indian kite-making sector was said to be worth $85m in 2018. While it exports around the world, sales are dominated by the vast home market.
印度的风筝制造业据称在2018年价值达8500万美元（约合人民币5.8亿元）。尽管出口到世界各地，但本土市场的销量还是占多数。
But while it is boys and young men who do most of the flying, the industry is heavily dependent on women workers. Tens of thousands of them, often accompanied by their children and other family members, work from their homes around the country, cutting, crafting and designing kites.
虽然放风筝的大多是男孩和年轻男子，但该行业严重依赖于女性劳工。印度各地数以万计的女性在自己家中（往往带着孩子和其他家庭成员）剪裁、制作和设计风筝。
Hiba is one such manufacturer. She can make up to 50 kites per day with her sister at their home in the city of Bareilly, some 250km east of Delhi. The big rise in demand during the lockdown has boosted their income, as both the sales and prices of kites rose.
伊巴就是这样的一个制作者。她每天在巴雷利市（德里以东大约250公里处）的家中和妹妹一起可以制作出多达50只风筝。封锁期间需求量大涨增加了她们收入，因为风筝的销量和价格都上升了。
The cost of a simple paper and wood kite doubled from 10 rupees to 20 rupees.
用纸和木头制成的简单风筝的成本为10卢比到20卢比。
Mohammad Ashraf, a kite-seller in Bareilly, says that despite not being able to open his store in the early, most strict stages of the lockdown, he sold more than 200,000 rupees worth of kite before August.
巴雷利的一名风筝卖家穆罕默德·阿什拉夫表示，尽管在早期封锁措施最严格的时候他不能开店，但他在八月前卖出了价值超20万卢比的风筝。
"This year changed everything," he says. "It has been a extra income bonanza."
“今年一切都改变了，”他说，“这是一笔意外之财。”
bonanza[bəˈnænzə]:n. 带来好运之事；幸运
Mr Khan says that sales have been led by India's smaller cities and towns, as that is where more people have individual terraces or roof tops. This is in contrast to the big cities, like Mumbai, where most people live in flats and have to share such outdoor areas. These communal spaces were officially out of bounds during the lockdown.
阿赫桑·汗表示，印度的小城镇销量最高，因为那里更多人拥有独立的露台或屋顶。相比之下，在孟买这样的大城市，多数人都住在公寓里，必须共享户外空间。这些公共空间在封锁期间都是官方禁止开放的。
Like all countries, India may now be at risk of returning to lockdown. This is especially true after the nation reported almost two million new cases in August, the biggest monthly number globally since the pandemic started.
和所有国家一样，印度现在可能面临着重新封锁的风险，尤其是在印度八月报告了近200万新增病例后，这是疫情暴发以来全球最高的单月新增病例数量。
While the health and safety of the populace is obviously the main concern, kite flying is likely to remain a popular distraction for a great many people if they are forced to stay at home again.
尽管大众的健康和安全显然是关注焦点，但是如果人们再次被迫待在家里，放风筝很可能会继续成为一项流行的消遣活动。
英文来源：BBC
翻译&编辑：丹妮 | Photo by Aaron Burden on Unsplash
Mohammad Ahmed has been selling kites for the past 11 years, and he says he has never seen it so busy.
Sales at his shop in Delhi have soared over the past six months - thanks to coronavirus.
Mr Ahmed says that most days since India went into lockdown on 25 March he has restocked his shop with kites worth a total 150,000 rupees, only for them to sell out by the evening.
"I am tired of taking phone calls," he says. "Suddenly everybody has needed kites. I am still getting calls from all over the country - Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Rajasthan… There is still so much demand that I am not able to fulfil it."
Mohammad Ahmed (left) has also been exporting kites from India to Pakistan. Credit:Mohammad Ahmed
While Italians sang songs from their balconies and windows to boost morale when they were stuck at home due to Covid-19 restrictions, Indians flew kites from their terraces and roof tops.
Ahsan Khan, a seller in Mumbai, says, "The period between April and August is usually the leanest [for kite sales], but this year, I have sold about 500,000 kites [during that time]."
He adds that neighbouring Pakistan had also caught the kite-flying bug during its lockdown. "I am even getting calls from Karachi and Lahore in Pakistan, from people offering to pay me double the usual amount."
Kite-flying has been a popular pastime in India for centuries, with historians saying that it was introduced to the country by Chinese travellers.
It is however, usually a seasonal activity in India. In most parts of the country sales peak around the festival of Makar Sankranti - celebrated on 14 January to mark the beginning of spring and harvest season.
The tradition of kite-flying has long been associated with this festival, with the western state of Gujarat organising an international kite festival on the same day.
Preparations for this begin months earlier, with kite-makers from other parts of the country going to Gujarat, and the city of Mumbai, just to the south, to lend their expertise in making India's traditional brightly-coloured paper kites.
Some other festivals, like Basant Panchami and Pahela Baishakh, keep up the demand in northern India till April, after which sales start to fall. They then recover just before 15 August when India celebrates its Independence Day.
Photo by Agnieszka Ziomek on Unsplash
But this year, the coronavirus lockdown has kept the kite industry very busy during its usual lean months. Even after the lockdown began being eased in stages from June to the end of August, children, mostly boys, kept the demand high as the schools remained shut.
"You couldn't go out, you couldn't take your children to the park, so people resorted to kite-flying to pass their time," says Shahida Rehman, who manages a kite business with her son in Mumbai.
Although in one or two India cities and towns kite flying ended up being banned during the lockdown because authorities were concerned that neighbours all going out on their terraces could transmit the virus to each other, overall it was allowed and sales boomed.
The Indian kite-making sector was said to be worth $85m in 2018. While it exports around the world, sales are dominated by the vast home market.
But while it is boys and young men who do most of the flying, the industry is heavily dependent on women workers. Tens of thousands of them, often accompanied by their children and other family members, work from their homes around the country, cutting, crafting and designing kites.
Hiba is one such manufacturer. She can make up to 50 kites per day with her sister at their home in the city of Bareilly, some 250km east of Delhi. The big rise in demand during the lockdown has boosted their income, as both the sales and prices of kites rose.
The cost of a simple paper and wood kite doubled from 10 rupees to 20 rupees.
Mohammad Ashraf, a kite-seller in Bareilly, says that despite not being able to open his store in the early, most strict stages of the lockdown, he sold more than 200,000 rupees worth of kite before August.
"This year changed everything," he says. "It has been a extra income bonanza."
Mr Khan says that sales have been led by India's smaller cities and towns, as that is where more people have individual terraces or roof tops. This is in contrast to the big cities, like Mumbai, where most people live in flats and have to share such outdoor areas. These communal spaces were officially out of bounds during the lockdown.
Like all countries, India may now be at risk of returning to lockdown. This is especially true after the nation reported almost two million new cases in August, the biggest monthly number globally since the pandemic started.
While the health and safety of the populace is obviously the main concern, kite flying is likely to remain a popular distraction for a great many people if they are forced to stay at home again. | 疫情期间意大利人在阳台上放声歌唱，而印度人则热衷于放风筝。据报道，往年的风筝淡季在今年反而成了旺季，放风筝成为了隔离在家的印度人为数不多的消遣活动。
穆罕默德·艾哈迈德已经卖了11年风筝，他表示从未见过生意如此繁忙。
过去六个月他在德里的风筝店销量大涨，这都是拜疫情所赐。
艾哈迈德说，自从印度在3月25日实行封锁以后，他每天都要补充总价15万卢比（约合人民币13987元）的风筝库存，但大多数时候总是不到天黑就卖光了。
他说：“我接电话都接烦了。突然之间每个人都需要风筝。我还在不停地接到来自全国各地的电话，马哈拉施特拉邦、泰米尔纳德邦、拉贾斯坦邦……需求量依然这么大，我都没法满足了。”
由于疫情限制措施而不得不待在家里的意大利人在阳台上和窗前唱歌来鼓舞士气，而印度人则在自家露台和屋顶上放风筝。
孟买的一名卖家阿赫桑·汗表示：“四月到八月期间通常是风筝销售的淡季，但今年我却（在这一期间）卖出了约50万只风筝。”
他还说道，邻国巴基斯坦也在封锁期间掀起了放风筝的热潮。“我甚至接到了来自巴基斯坦卡拉奇和拉合尔的电话，那里的人们提出用双倍价钱买我的风筝。”
几个世纪以来，放风筝在印度一直是广受欢迎的消遣活动，历史学家称放风筝是由中国旅人引进的。
不过，在印度，放风筝通常是一种季节性活动。在印度的多数地区，风筝销量会在马卡尔·桑克兰蒂节前后达到高峰。1月14日庆祝的马卡尔·桑克兰蒂节是为了纪念春天和收获季节的开始。
长期以来，放风筝的传统一直和这个节日相关联，印度西部的古吉拉特邦会在同一天举行国际风筝节。
国际风筝节的筹备工作在数月前就会开始，来自印度其他地区的风筝制作者会聚集到古吉拉特邦和古吉拉特邦以南的孟买市，贡献自己的才艺来制作印度传统的色彩鲜艳的纸风筝。
其他的一些节日，比如知识节和孟历新年，会让印度北部对风筝的需求高峰持续到四月份，之后销量就开始下降。风筝销量在8月15日印度庆祝独立日前又会重新开始上涨。
但在今年，疫情封锁却让风筝行业在往年的淡季异常繁忙。即使在六月到八月底的这段时间，封锁措施开始放松，但由于学校依然关闭，孩子们（以男孩为主）依然让风筝需求量居高不下。
在孟买和儿子一起经营风筝生意的沙希达·拉赫曼说：“你不能出去，也不能带孩子去公园，所以人们只能放风筝来消磨时间。”
尽管在封锁期间有一两个印度城镇禁止放风筝，原因是当局担心邻居们都跑到露台上会相互传播病毒，但总体上还是允许放风筝的，风筝销量也非常好。
印度的风筝制造业据称在2018年价值达8500万美元（约合人民币5.8亿元）。尽管出口到世界各地，但本土市场的销量还是占多数。
虽然放风筝的大多是男孩和年轻男子，但该行业严重依赖于女性劳工。印度各地数以万计的女性在自己家中（往往带着孩子和其他家庭成员）剪裁、制作和设计风筝。
伊巴就是这样的一个制作者。她每天在巴雷利市（德里以东大约250公里处）的家中和妹妹一起可以制作出多达50只风筝。封锁期间需求量大涨增加了她们收入，因为风筝的销量和价格都上升了。
用纸和木头制成的简单风筝的成本为10卢比到20卢比。
巴雷利的一名风筝卖家穆罕默德·阿什拉夫表示，尽管在早期封锁措施最严格的时候他不能开店，但他在八月前卖出了价值超20万卢比的风筝。
“今年一切都改变了，”他说，“这是一笔意外之财。”
bonanza[bəˈnænzə]:n. 带来好运之事；幸运
阿赫桑·汗表示，印度的小城镇销量最高，因为那里更多人拥有独立的露台或屋顶。相比之下，在孟买这样的大城市，多数人都住在公寓里，必须共享户外空间。这些公共空间在封锁期间都是官方禁止开放的。
和所有国家一样，印度现在可能面临着重新封锁的风险，尤其是在印度八月报告了近200万新增病例后，这是疫情暴发以来全球最高的单月新增病例数量。
尽管大众的健康和安全显然是关注焦点，但是如果人们再次被迫待在家里，放风筝很可能会继续成为一项流行的消遣活动。
英文来源：BBC
翻译&编辑：丹妮 |
上个月，一首“特别”的诗歌在微博、豆瓣等平台引起热议。这首诗歌正着读反着读都可以，但却是完全不一样的意思。
全文和译文如下：
I'm very ugly
我很丑
So don't try to convince me that
所以别试图说服我
I am a very beautiful person
我长得很好看
Because at the end of the day
因为说到底
I hate myself in every single way
我都恨我自己的一切
And I'm not going to lie to myself by saying
而我也不会骗我自己说
There is beauty inside of me that matters
内心的美才是最重要的
So rest assured I will remind myself
所以放心我会提醒自己
That I am a worthless, terrible person
我是一个一文不值还很糟糕的人
And nothing you say will make me believe
而无论你说什么也不会让我相信
I still deserve love
我仍然值得被爱
Because no matter what
因为无论如何
I am not good enough to be loved
我都不配被爱
And I am in no position to believe that
我也没有任何理由相信
Beauty does exist within me
我有任何美丽的痕迹
Because whenever I look in the mirror I always think
因为当我对着镜子我总是在想
Am I as ugly as people say?
我真的像别人说的那么丑吗？
这首诗正着读，似乎是在抱怨自己丑陋。但从后往前读，你会发现整首诗洋溢着自信。
Our inner talk and how we feel about ourselves is very important. Take a moment to think about how you are treating yourself on a daily basis.
和自己内心的交流以及对自我的感受非常重要。花一点时间思考一下你每天是如何看待自己的吧。
Don't let others define you. You define yourself.
别让他人定义你，你定义你自己。
仅仅换一个视角就会发现意思完全不同，既十分有趣又耐人寻味。
除了文字，诗歌的形式也可以表达思想感情。文学和历史上有很多“奇奇怪怪”的诗歌，接下来双语君（微信ID：Chinadaily_Mobile）为大家盘点几首。
1
苏轼曾在《书摩诘蓝田烟雨图》一文中评价王维：“味摩诘之诗，诗中有画；观摩诘之画，画中有诗。”（When reading Wang Wei’s poems, one can conjure up a picturesque image. When viewing Wang Wei’s paintings, one can experience a poetic sentiment.）以此体现出王维诗中悠远的意境。
而法国著名诗人纪尧姆·阿波利奈尔（Guillaume Apollinaire）的作品也是“诗中有画，画中有诗”的典范。与王维不同的是，阿波利奈尔真的将诗歌写成了一幅幅繁复美丽的图画。
阿波利奈尔创造了“图画诗”（le calligramme）这一名称，意思是以图画形式而非传统诗句形式呈现的诗。他被认为是超现实主义的先驱（a forebear of Surrealism）。
In his poetry Apollinaire made daring, even outrageous, technical experiments. His calligrammes, thanks to an ingenious typographical arrangement, are images as well as poems. More generally, Apollinaire set out to create an effect of surprise or even astonishment by means of unusual verbal associations, and, because of this, he can be considered a forebear of Surrealism.
阿波利奈尔在他的诗歌中进行了大胆，甚至是较为激进的诗歌实验。由于巧妙的排版设计，他的“图画诗”既是图画又是诗歌。简单说，阿波利奈尔通过非传统的言语关系来创造一种惊喜甚至惊奇的效果，因此，他被认为是超现实主义的先驱。
Coeur couronne et miroir
以《心，皇冠，镜子》（Coeur couronne et miroir）为例，这首诗分为三个部分：心形，皇冠图案和一个表示镜子的椭圆形，每个图案都由一句话组成。
以“皇冠”为例，这句话连起来应该是“死去的国王在诗人心中多次重生（Les Rois Qui MeuRent Tour A Tour Renaissent AU coeur des poéteS）”。
阿波利奈尔在前四个单词中设置了五个大写字母，横向排列，将单词其余部分置于第一排大写字母的下方。
但面对漏洞百出的生活，阿波利奈尔依旧心有所爱，一如他在《心》所传达的信念：“我的心啊宛如一朵颠倒的焰火。”
2
卡明斯（e. e. cummings）是美国二十世纪现代主义诗歌中的佼佼者，同时也是一位画家，他的诗作大都没有标点和大写字母。由于深受达达主义（Dadaism）和立体主义（Cubism）的影响，他在诗歌创作中大胆地对诗歌的形式、语言等进行彻底改造，创造出一种全新的卡明斯式诗歌模式。
卡明斯十分注重语言的视觉效果，竭力把形象的美学原则运用到诗歌中去。他曾经在一封写给编辑的信中谈到：我最关心的是每一首诗画都要保持原样。比如下面这首著名的小诗画：
实际上这首诗是将a leaf falls（一片树叶飘落了）一句话插入loneliness（孤独）一个词之中。诗人又把这四个词拆开，排成垂直的一列，给人一片叶子孤独下落的图形，表现出一种绝妙的效果。
a leaf falls loneliness
3
埃兹拉·庞德（Ezra Pound）是美国著名诗人、文学家，意象主义诗歌的主要代表人物。
庞德的这首In a Station of the Metro虽然只有短短两行，当时一经发表，就轰动了整个欧美诗坛。他曾在1914年写道：
“三年前在巴黎，我从车站走出地铁车厢。突然间，看到一个美丽的面孔，然后又看到一个，接着是一个美丽的儿童面孔，然后又是一个美丽的女人。那一整天我努力寻找能表达我感受的文字，我找不出我认为能与之相称的、或者像那种突发情感那么可爱的文字。那个晚上……我还在继续努力寻找的时候，忽然找到了表达方式。并不是说我找到了一些文字，而是出现了一个方程式。……不是用语言，而是用许多颜色小斑点。……这种‘一个意象的诗’是一个叠加形式，即一个概念叠在另一个概念之上。”
...not in speech, but in little splotches of colour. It was just that - a "pattern," or hardly a pattern, if by "pattern" you mean something with a "repeat" in it.
“6个月后，我写了一首比那首短一半的诗，一年后我写下日本和歌式的诗句（Haiku-like sentence）。”
Haiku
a poem with seven lines and usually 17 syllables, written in a style that is traditional in Japan
俳句，日本传统诗体，三行为一首，通常有17个音节。
这首诗是一个以意象作为叙述语言的典型范例。全诗只有短短两行，甚至构不成一个完整的句子，但却展现了一幅色彩丰富、构图生动的画面，颇有“枯藤老树昏鸦，小桥流水人家”之感。
In a Station of the Metro
The apparition of these faces inthe crowd;
Petals on a wet, black bough.
人群中，这些面孔的鬼影；
潮湿的黑树枝上的花瓣。
（余光中译）
4
十九世纪的英国还有一位幽默风趣、多才多艺的先生叫做爱德华·李尔（Edward Lear）。他喜欢旅游，会玩音乐，还会绘画，尤其擅长画鸟兽。他闲来无事就喜欢写五行打油诗（limerick），还会随手配插图。
limerick
a humorous short poem, with two long lines that rhyme with each other, followed by two short lines that rhyme with each other and ending with a long line that rhymes with the first two
五行打油诗，幽默短诗，起始两长句押韵，中间两短句押韵，最后一长句与开头两句押韵。
“五行打油诗”采用aabba式韵脚，中间两行稍短，读起来节奏分明，诗中的文字游戏和幽默一读便知。
一定要大声朗读，因为所有荒唐和无厘头的妙趣都藏在音韵节奏中。
There was an Old Man with a Beard
There was an Old Man with a beard,
Who said, “It is just as I feared! —
Two owls and a hen,
Four larks and a wren,
Have all built their nests in my beard.”
有个老头儿胡子一大把，
他说“这件事让我担惊受怕：
一对猫头鹰和一只小鹪鹩，
一只大母鸡和四只百灵鸟，
全在我胡子里搭了鸟窝，哎呀呀！”
编辑：陈月华
实习生：承岱丽 | I'm very ugly
So don't try to convince me that
I am a very beautiful person
Because at the end of the day
I hate myself in every single way
And I'm not going to lie to myself by saying
There is beauty inside of me that matters
So rest assured I will remind myself
That I am a worthless, terrible person
And nothing you say will make me believe
I still deserve love
Because no matter what
I am not good enough to be loved
And I am in no position to believe that
Beauty does exist within me
Because whenever I look in the mirror I always think
Am I as ugly as people say?
Our inner talk and how we feel about ourselves is very important. Take a moment to think about how you are treating yourself on a daily basis.
Don't let others define you. You define yourself.
1
In his poetry Apollinaire made daring, even outrageous, technical experiments. His calligrammes, thanks to an ingenious typographical arrangement, are images as well as poems. More generally, Apollinaire set out to create an effect of surprise or even astonishment by means of unusual verbal associations, and, because of this, he can be considered a forebear of Surrealism.
Coeur couronne et miroir
2
a leaf falls loneliness
3
...not in speech, but in little splotches of colour. It was just that - a "pattern," or hardly a pattern, if by "pattern" you mean something with a "repeat" in it.
Haiku
a poem with seven lines and usually 17 syllables, written in a style that is traditional in Japan
In a Station of the Metro
The apparition of these faces inthe crowd;
Petals on a wet, black bough.
4
limerick
a humorous short poem, with two long lines that rhyme with each other, followed by two short lines that rhyme with each other and ending with a long line that rhymes with the first two
There was an Old Man with a Beard
There was an Old Man with a beard,
Who said, “It is just as I feared! —
Two owls and a hen,
Four larks and a wren,
Have all built their nests in my beard.” | 上个月，一首“特别”的诗歌在微博、豆瓣等平台引起热议。这首诗歌正着读反着读都可以，但却是完全不一样的意思。
全文和译文如下：
我很丑
所以别试图说服我
我长得很好看
因为说到底
我都恨我自己的一切
而我也不会骗我自己说
内心的美才是最重要的
所以放心我会提醒自己
我是一个一文不值还很糟糕的人
而无论你说什么也不会让我相信
我仍然值得被爱
因为无论如何
我都不配被爱
我也没有任何理由相信
我有任何美丽的痕迹
因为当我对着镜子我总是在想
我真的像别人说的那么丑吗？
这首诗正着读，似乎是在抱怨自己丑陋。但从后往前读，你会发现整首诗洋溢着自信。
和自己内心的交流以及对自我的感受非常重要。花一点时间思考一下你每天是如何看待自己的吧。
别让他人定义你，你定义你自己。
仅仅换一个视角就会发现意思完全不同，既十分有趣又耐人寻味。
除了文字，诗歌的形式也可以表达思想感情。文学和历史上有很多“奇奇怪怪”的诗歌，接下来双语君（微信ID：Chinadaily_Mobile）为大家盘点几首。
苏轼曾在《书摩诘蓝田烟雨图》一文中评价王维：“味摩诘之诗，诗中有画；观摩诘之画，画中有诗。”（When reading Wang Wei’s poems, one can conjure up a picturesque image. When viewing Wang Wei’s paintings, one can experience a poetic sentiment.）以此体现出王维诗中悠远的意境。
而法国著名诗人纪尧姆·阿波利奈尔（Guillaume Apollinaire）的作品也是“诗中有画，画中有诗”的典范。与王维不同的是，阿波利奈尔真的将诗歌写成了一幅幅繁复美丽的图画。
阿波利奈尔创造了“图画诗”（le calligramme）这一名称，意思是以图画形式而非传统诗句形式呈现的诗。他被认为是超现实主义的先驱（a forebear of Surrealism）。
阿波利奈尔在他的诗歌中进行了大胆，甚至是较为激进的诗歌实验。由于巧妙的排版设计，他的“图画诗”既是图画又是诗歌。简单说，阿波利奈尔通过非传统的言语关系来创造一种惊喜甚至惊奇的效果，因此，他被认为是超现实主义的先驱。
以《心，皇冠，镜子》（Coeur couronne et miroir）为例，这首诗分为三个部分：心形，皇冠图案和一个表示镜子的椭圆形，每个图案都由一句话组成。
以“皇冠”为例，这句话连起来应该是“死去的国王在诗人心中多次重生（Les Rois Qui MeuRent Tour A Tour Renaissent AU coeur des poéteS）”。
阿波利奈尔在前四个单词中设置了五个大写字母，横向排列，将单词其余部分置于第一排大写字母的下方。
但面对漏洞百出的生活，阿波利奈尔依旧心有所爱，一如他在《心》所传达的信念：“我的心啊宛如一朵颠倒的焰火。”
卡明斯（e. e. cummings）是美国二十世纪现代主义诗歌中的佼佼者，同时也是一位画家，他的诗作大都没有标点和大写字母。由于深受达达主义（Dadaism）和立体主义（Cubism）的影响，他在诗歌创作中大胆地对诗歌的形式、语言等进行彻底改造，创造出一种全新的卡明斯式诗歌模式。
卡明斯十分注重语言的视觉效果，竭力把形象的美学原则运用到诗歌中去。他曾经在一封写给编辑的信中谈到：我最关心的是每一首诗画都要保持原样。比如下面这首著名的小诗画：
实际上这首诗是将a leaf falls（一片树叶飘落了）一句话插入loneliness（孤独）一个词之中。诗人又把这四个词拆开，排成垂直的一列，给人一片叶子孤独下落的图形，表现出一种绝妙的效果。
埃兹拉·庞德（Ezra Pound）是美国著名诗人、文学家，意象主义诗歌的主要代表人物。
庞德的这首In a Station of the Metro虽然只有短短两行，当时一经发表，就轰动了整个欧美诗坛。他曾在1914年写道：
“三年前在巴黎，我从车站走出地铁车厢。突然间，看到一个美丽的面孔，然后又看到一个，接着是一个美丽的儿童面孔，然后又是一个美丽的女人。那一整天我努力寻找能表达我感受的文字，我找不出我认为能与之相称的、或者像那种突发情感那么可爱的文字。那个晚上……我还在继续努力寻找的时候，忽然找到了表达方式。并不是说我找到了一些文字，而是出现了一个方程式。……不是用语言，而是用许多颜色小斑点。……这种‘一个意象的诗’是一个叠加形式，即一个概念叠在另一个概念之上。”
“6个月后，我写了一首比那首短一半的诗，一年后我写下日本和歌式的诗句（Haiku-like sentence）。”
俳句，日本传统诗体，三行为一首，通常有17个音节。
这首诗是一个以意象作为叙述语言的典型范例。全诗只有短短两行，甚至构不成一个完整的句子，但却展现了一幅色彩丰富、构图生动的画面，颇有“枯藤老树昏鸦，小桥流水人家”之感。
人群中，这些面孔的鬼影；
潮湿的黑树枝上的花瓣。
（余光中译）
十九世纪的英国还有一位幽默风趣、多才多艺的先生叫做爱德华·李尔（Edward Lear）。他喜欢旅游，会玩音乐，还会绘画，尤其擅长画鸟兽。他闲来无事就喜欢写五行打油诗（limerick），还会随手配插图。
五行打油诗，幽默短诗，起始两长句押韵，中间两短句押韵，最后一长句与开头两句押韵。
“五行打油诗”采用aabba式韵脚，中间两行稍短，读起来节奏分明，诗中的文字游戏和幽默一读便知。
一定要大声朗读，因为所有荒唐和无厘头的妙趣都藏在音韵节奏中。
有个老头儿胡子一大把，
他说“这件事让我担惊受怕：
一对猫头鹰和一只小鹪鹩，
一只大母鸡和四只百灵鸟，
全在我胡子里搭了鸟窝，哎呀呀！”
编辑：陈月华
实习生：承岱丽 |
近日，一位名叫熊翎好的18岁全盲女孩参加上海国际青少年钢琴大赛总决赛的演奏贝多芬“悲怆奏鸣曲”的视频震撼和感动了众多网友。
A video clip of Xiong Linghao, an 18-year-old blind girl playing Beethoven's Pathetique Sonata in an international youth piano competition in Shanghai, went viral online.
JIN DING/CHINA DAILY
熊翎好来自四川绵阳，今年18岁。因自幼全盲，她在演奏时，只能凭肌肉记忆找键盘。
Xiong Linghao, a visually impaired young woman who started learning the piano at age 6, said her idol is Ludwig van Beethoven, who began to suffer from hearing problems in his 20s and later went completely deaf.
熊翎好是一名视觉受损的女孩，从6岁开始学习钢琴。熊翎好说她的偶像是贝多芬，贝多芬20多岁时就开始出现听力问题，之后听力完全丧失。
Their physical challenges led both of them to establish a connection with the world through music, said the 18-year-old from Mianyang, Sichuan province, who was born premature and lost her eyesight in early infancy due to a medical accident.
熊翎好来自四川绵阳，是个早产儿，幼时因医疗事故导致失明。她说她和贝多芬都是身体残疾，但都通过音乐与世界建立起联系。
尽管自幼失明，熊翎好却与钢琴有着特殊的缘分。
“她两三岁时偶然听到一首歌，之后自己爬上电子琴去试着弹，当时我还觉得弹得挺像。”熊翎好的妈妈林春蓉回忆说，之后熊翎好开始学电子琴。
Xiong's mother discovered her daughter had a talent for music early in her childhood. At age 3, she could play children's songs on a small electric piano at home.
五六岁时，一次在街上闲逛，熊翎好听到从琴房里飘出来的钢琴声，当时觉得“很好听很受触动”，从此在家人的支持下踏上学钢琴的路。
"The piano is my best friend," said Xiong. "The piano has accompanied me throughout my ups and downs in its own way. It brings so much pleasure into my life and empowers me with perseverance."
熊翎好说：“钢琴是我最好的朋友。在我起起伏伏的人生中，钢琴以它独特的方式陪伴着我。它给我的生活带来了如此多的乐趣，并赋予我毅力的品格。”
对于看不见的熊翎好来说，学习钢琴是一条艰辛的道路，其中熟悉键盘和曲谱是最大的困难。钢琴有88个键，曲谱更复杂，高音、低音、和弦、高八度都需要区别。刚开始练手型时，熊翎好只能靠老师把手指硬扳成弹钢琴的样子。
Learning to play the piano, which usually has 88 keys, is not easy for people who are visually challenged. At first, her teacher helped her place her hands and fingers properly.
熊翎好通过找中央区域，逐渐熟悉了每一组键盘，再通过记忆黑白键的顺序和位置来记住琴键。一切只能靠感觉，跨度大的手型反复练习，练到熟悉为止。就这样每天花两三个小时来记忆，熊翎好花了两年的时间才彻底熟悉了键盘。
"Repeated practice is key because I need muscle memory to find the right keys," she explained.
“反复练习是关键，因为我需要肌肉记忆来找到正确的琴键，”她解释道。
"I pay attention to each minor step in each phrase and need to be fairly precise with the angle of how I control my hands, wrists and fingers."
“我会很注意每个乐句中的每一个小节拍，并且我需要精准地控制我的手、手腕和手指的角度。”
通过勤奋的练习，12岁时熊翎好就拿到了钢琴十级。
2013年，她以一首《彩云追月》获得香港世界青少年“金紫荆花奖”音乐、舞蹈、器乐、美术艺术大赛最高奖。在2017“和谐之音”中国青少年钢琴公开赛上获得川西北赛区初赛一等奖。2018年获“李斯特纪念奖”，香港国际钢琴公开赛四川赛区选拔赛自由选曲少年组一等奖。
2019年，熊翎好被评为“全国自强模范”，在人民大会堂受到表彰。
熊翎好已经创作了几首歌，其中一首叫做“梦中的小狗”，在歌中她想象有一只导盲犬来陪伴她的生活。歌词如“蓝蓝的天空和彩虹做的滑梯”展示了她可以通过音乐“看到”世界。
She has composed several songs, including one called the "Little Dog in Dream", where she imagined her life with the company of a guide dog. Lyrics like "blue skies and rainbow slides" were used by the girl, who said she could "see" the world through music.
熊翎好目前就读于成都市特殊教育学校，梦想着今后能去北京的大学学习音乐表演或音乐制作。
Xiong is aspiring to be admitted to a university in Beijing and major in music performance or music production.
2019年接受成都商报采访时，熊翎好向记者描述了“假如拥有三天光明的日子”。
If she had vision for three days, Xiong said, she would see how she looks, cook a big meal for her parents and take a walk in the places she has been to hundreds of times.
熊翎好说，如果她有三天光明，她会看看自己的样子，为父母做一顿大餐，并去她曾去过数百次的地方散散步。
"I also would like to see with my eyes what the piano that has accompanied me for more than a decade looks like," she said.
她说：“我还想亲眼看看十多年来陪伴我的钢琴是什么样子的。”
记者：周文婷
编辑：左卓
实习生：汪嘉恒
来源：中国日报 百度百科 | A video clip of Xiong Linghao, an 18-year-old blind girl playing Beethoven's Pathetique Sonata in an international youth piano competition in Shanghai, went viral online.
JIN DING/CHINA DAILY
Xiong Linghao, a visually impaired young woman who started learning the piano at age 6, said her idol is Ludwig van Beethoven, who began to suffer from hearing problems in his 20s and later went completely deaf.
Their physical challenges led both of them to establish a connection with the world through music, said the 18-year-old from Mianyang, Sichuan province, who was born premature and lost her eyesight in early infancy due to a medical accident.
Xiong's mother discovered her daughter had a talent for music early in her childhood. At age 3, she could play children's songs on a small electric piano at home.
"The piano is my best friend," said Xiong. "The piano has accompanied me throughout my ups and downs in its own way. It brings so much pleasure into my life and empowers me with perseverance."
Learning to play the piano, which usually has 88 keys, is not easy for people who are visually challenged. At first, her teacher helped her place her hands and fingers properly.
"Repeated practice is key because I need muscle memory to find the right keys," she explained.
"I pay attention to each minor step in each phrase and need to be fairly precise with the angle of how I control my hands, wrists and fingers."
She has composed several songs, including one called the "Little Dog in Dream", where she imagined her life with the company of a guide dog. Lyrics like "blue skies and rainbow slides" were used by the girl, who said she could "see" the world through music.
Xiong is aspiring to be admitted to a university in Beijing and major in music performance or music production.
If she had vision for three days, Xiong said, she would see how she looks, cook a big meal for her parents and take a walk in the places she has been to hundreds of times.
"I also would like to see with my eyes what the piano that has accompanied me for more than a decade looks like," she said. | 近日，一位名叫熊翎好的18岁全盲女孩参加上海国际青少年钢琴大赛总决赛的演奏贝多芬“悲怆奏鸣曲”的视频震撼和感动了众多网友。
熊翎好来自四川绵阳，今年18岁。因自幼全盲，她在演奏时，只能凭肌肉记忆找键盘。
熊翎好是一名视觉受损的女孩，从6岁开始学习钢琴。熊翎好说她的偶像是贝多芬，贝多芬20多岁时就开始出现听力问题，之后听力完全丧失。
熊翎好来自四川绵阳，是个早产儿，幼时因医疗事故导致失明。她说她和贝多芬都是身体残疾，但都通过音乐与世界建立起联系。
尽管自幼失明，熊翎好却与钢琴有着特殊的缘分。
“她两三岁时偶然听到一首歌，之后自己爬上电子琴去试着弹，当时我还觉得弹得挺像。”熊翎好的妈妈林春蓉回忆说，之后熊翎好开始学电子琴。
五六岁时，一次在街上闲逛，熊翎好听到从琴房里飘出来的钢琴声，当时觉得“很好听很受触动”，从此在家人的支持下踏上学钢琴的路。
熊翎好说：“钢琴是我最好的朋友。在我起起伏伏的人生中，钢琴以它独特的方式陪伴着我。它给我的生活带来了如此多的乐趣，并赋予我毅力的品格。”
对于看不见的熊翎好来说，学习钢琴是一条艰辛的道路，其中熟悉键盘和曲谱是最大的困难。钢琴有88个键，曲谱更复杂，高音、低音、和弦、高八度都需要区别。刚开始练手型时，熊翎好只能靠老师把手指硬扳成弹钢琴的样子。
熊翎好通过找中央区域，逐渐熟悉了每一组键盘，再通过记忆黑白键的顺序和位置来记住琴键。一切只能靠感觉，跨度大的手型反复练习，练到熟悉为止。就这样每天花两三个小时来记忆，熊翎好花了两年的时间才彻底熟悉了键盘。
“反复练习是关键，因为我需要肌肉记忆来找到正确的琴键，”她解释道。
“我会很注意每个乐句中的每一个小节拍，并且我需要精准地控制我的手、手腕和手指的角度。”
通过勤奋的练习，12岁时熊翎好就拿到了钢琴十级。
2013年，她以一首《彩云追月》获得香港世界青少年“金紫荆花奖”音乐、舞蹈、器乐、美术艺术大赛最高奖。在2017“和谐之音”中国青少年钢琴公开赛上获得川西北赛区初赛一等奖。2018年获“李斯特纪念奖”，香港国际钢琴公开赛四川赛区选拔赛自由选曲少年组一等奖。
2019年，熊翎好被评为“全国自强模范”，在人民大会堂受到表彰。
熊翎好已经创作了几首歌，其中一首叫做“梦中的小狗”，在歌中她想象有一只导盲犬来陪伴她的生活。歌词如“蓝蓝的天空和彩虹做的滑梯”展示了她可以通过音乐“看到”世界。
熊翎好目前就读于成都市特殊教育学校，梦想着今后能去北京的大学学习音乐表演或音乐制作。
2019年接受成都商报采访时，熊翎好向记者描述了“假如拥有三天光明的日子”。
熊翎好说，如果她有三天光明，她会看看自己的样子，为父母做一顿大餐，并去她曾去过数百次的地方散散步。
她说：“我还想亲眼看看十多年来陪伴我的钢琴是什么样子的。”
记者：周文婷
编辑：左卓
实习生：汪嘉恒
来源：中国日报 百度百科 |
《泰晤士高等教育》近日发布2021年度世界大学排名。英国牛津大学连续五年蝉联榜首，清华大学成为首次进入世界排名前20位的亚洲大学。
Tsinghua University [Photo/Xinhua]
Times Higher Education
has released its World University Rankings 2021, with Tsinghua University in Beijing becoming the first Asian institute to ever break the top 20. An additional 15 other Asian universities also made the top 100.
《泰晤士高等教育》近日发布了2021年世界大学排名，位于北京的清华大学成为首所跻身前20名的亚洲大学。另外还有15所亚洲大学也进入了前100名。
The University of Oxford took the top spot for the fifth year in a row, followed by Stanford, Harvard, Caltech and MIT.
牛津大学连续第五年位居榜首，紧随其后的是斯坦福大学、哈佛大学、加州理工学院和麻省理工学院。
UK and US institutions took all of the top ten spots, with ETH Zurich being the first non-US or UK entrant at 14th.
英国和美国的大学占据了榜单前十名，苏黎世联邦理工学院排名第14位，在非英美大学中排名居首。
However, Imperial College London slipping to 11th caused the UK to lose a top 10 place for the first time in 10 years, while Cambridge hit its lowest position since 2014. The US claimed eight of the top 10 positions, but THE noted that “US institutions outside the top 200 show signs of decline”.
然而，帝国理工学院跌至第11位，导致英国十年来首次失去了一个前十名的位置，而剑桥大学排名则跌至2014年来最低。在前十名中，美国占据了八席，但《泰晤士高等教育》指出，“前200名以外的美国高校显示出衰落迹象”。
“For several years we have been observing a slow shift in global higher education as Asian universities have climbed at the expense of their western counterparts,” said Phil Baty, Chief Knowledge Officer at THE.
《泰晤士高等教育》首席知识官菲尔•巴蒂表示：“几年来，我们一直在观察全球高等教育的缓慢转变，亚洲大学的排名在上升，西方大学的排名在下降。”
“This trend is likely to accelerate further as the coronavirus pandemic heralds a perfect storm of huge challenges for primarily western universities, particularly those in the UK who, along with the US, face the very real risk of losing significant international student talent, and the huge amount of income that they bring,” he continued.
他表示：“这种排名变化趋势还将越来越明显。新冠肺炎疫情主要给西方大学带来了巨大的挑战，特别是对英美大学来说，它们将面临失去大量的国际学生，以及这些学生所带来的大量收入的真正风险。”
A healthcare worker directs a student towards the end of the line at a testing site for COVID-19 set up for returning students, faculty and staff on the main New York University (NYU) campus in Manhattan, New York City, New York, US, August 18, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
“In the longer term, possibly permanent shifts in the global flow of academic talent that has traditionally fuelled the elite institutions of the US and UK could create real challenges.”
“长期来看，在传统上推动了英美名牌院校发展的学术人才全球流动可能出现永久性的变化，这可能会带来真正的挑战。”
A similar trend was also seen in the QS rankings released earlier this year.
今年早些时候发布的QS（英国QS教育集团）大学排名也体现出了同样的趋势。
In terms of international outlook – numbers of international staff and students, as well as international collaboration – Macao University of Science and Technology ranked highest, where 84% of students are international. with half of the universities in the top ten for this metric based in Hong Kong and Macao.
在国际视野（国际教职员工和国际学生人数）和国际合作方面，澳门科技大学排名最高，84%的学生是国际学生。在这项排名中，排名前十的大学中有一半位于香港和澳门。
This year’s rankings include over 1,500 universities from 93 countries and regions who are assessed across teaching, research, citations, international outlook, and industry income performance indicators.
今年的排名涵盖了来自93个国家和地区的1500多所大学，评价指标包括教学、研究、论文引用、国际视野和行业收入表现。
一起来看榜单前20名高校都有哪些：
1 University of Oxford牛津大学 英国
2 Stanford University斯坦福大学 美国
3 Harvard University哈佛大学 美国
4 California Institute of Technology加州理工学院 美国
5 Massachusetts Institute of Technology麻省理工学院 美国
6 University of Cambridge剑桥大学 英国
7 University of California, Berkeley加州大学伯克利分校 美国
8 Yale University耶鲁大学 美国
9 Princeton University普林斯顿大学 美国
10 University of Chicago芝加哥大学 美国
11 Imperial College London帝国理工学院 英国
12 Johns Hopkins University约翰霍普金斯大学 美国
13 University of Pennsylvania宾夕法尼亚大学 美国
14 ETH Zurich苏黎世联邦理工学院 瑞士
15 University of California, Los Angeles加州大学洛杉矶分校 美国
16 UCL伦敦大学学院 英国
17 Columbia University哥伦比亚大学 美国
18 University of Toronto多伦多大学 加拿大
19 Cornell University康奈尔大学 美国
=20 Duke University杜克大学 美国
=20 Tsinghua University清华大学 中国
英文来源：thepienews
翻译&编辑：yaning | Tsinghua University [Photo/Xinhua]
Times Higher Education
has released its World University Rankings 2021, with Tsinghua University in Beijing becoming the first Asian institute to ever break the top 20. An additional 15 other Asian universities also made the top 100.
The University of Oxford took the top spot for the fifth year in a row, followed by Stanford, Harvard, Caltech and MIT.
UK and US institutions took all of the top ten spots, with ETH Zurich being the first non-US or UK entrant at 14th.
However, Imperial College London slipping to 11th caused the UK to lose a top 10 place for the first time in 10 years, while Cambridge hit its lowest position since 2014. The US claimed eight of the top 10 positions, but THE noted that “US institutions outside the top 200 show signs of decline”.
“For several years we have been observing a slow shift in global higher education as Asian universities have climbed at the expense of their western counterparts,” said Phil Baty, Chief Knowledge Officer at THE.
“This trend is likely to accelerate further as the coronavirus pandemic heralds a perfect storm of huge challenges for primarily western universities, particularly those in the UK who, along with the US, face the very real risk of losing significant international student talent, and the huge amount of income that they bring,” he continued.
A healthcare worker directs a student towards the end of the line at a testing site for COVID-19 set up for returning students, faculty and staff on the main New York University (NYU) campus in Manhattan, New York City, New York, US, August 18, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
“In the longer term, possibly permanent shifts in the global flow of academic talent that has traditionally fuelled the elite institutions of the US and UK could create real challenges.”
A similar trend was also seen in the QS rankings released earlier this year.
In terms of international outlook – numbers of international staff and students, as well as international collaboration – Macao University of Science and Technology ranked highest, where 84% of students are international. with half of the universities in the top ten for this metric based in Hong Kong and Macao.
This year’s rankings include over 1,500 universities from 93 countries and regions who are assessed across teaching, research, citations, international outlook, and industry income performance indicators. | 《泰晤士高等教育》近日发布2021年度世界大学排名。英国牛津大学连续五年蝉联榜首，清华大学成为首次进入世界排名前20位的亚洲大学。
《泰晤士高等教育》近日发布了2021年世界大学排名，位于北京的清华大学成为首所跻身前20名的亚洲大学。另外还有15所亚洲大学也进入了前100名。
牛津大学连续第五年位居榜首，紧随其后的是斯坦福大学、哈佛大学、加州理工学院和麻省理工学院。
英国和美国的大学占据了榜单前十名，苏黎世联邦理工学院排名第14位，在非英美大学中排名居首。
然而，帝国理工学院跌至第11位，导致英国十年来首次失去了一个前十名的位置，而剑桥大学排名则跌至2014年来最低。在前十名中，美国占据了八席，但《泰晤士高等教育》指出，“前200名以外的美国高校显示出衰落迹象”。
《泰晤士高等教育》首席知识官菲尔•巴蒂表示：“几年来，我们一直在观察全球高等教育的缓慢转变，亚洲大学的排名在上升，西方大学的排名在下降。”
他表示：“这种排名变化趋势还将越来越明显。新冠肺炎疫情主要给西方大学带来了巨大的挑战，特别是对英美大学来说，它们将面临失去大量的国际学生，以及这些学生所带来的大量收入的真正风险。”
“长期来看，在传统上推动了英美名牌院校发展的学术人才全球流动可能出现永久性的变化，这可能会带来真正的挑战。”
今年早些时候发布的QS（英国QS教育集团）大学排名也体现出了同样的趋势。
在国际视野（国际教职员工和国际学生人数）和国际合作方面，澳门科技大学排名最高，84%的学生是国际学生。在这项排名中，排名前十的大学中有一半位于香港和澳门。
今年的排名涵盖了来自93个国家和地区的1500多所大学，评价指标包括教学、研究、论文引用、国际视野和行业收入表现。
一起来看榜单前20名高校都有哪些：
1 University of Oxford牛津大学 英国
2 Stanford University斯坦福大学 美国
3 Harvard University哈佛大学 美国
4 California Institute of Technology加州理工学院 美国
5 Massachusetts Institute of Technology麻省理工学院 美国
6 University of Cambridge剑桥大学 英国
7 University of California, Berkeley加州大学伯克利分校 美国
8 Yale University耶鲁大学 美国
9 Princeton University普林斯顿大学 美国
10 University of Chicago芝加哥大学 美国
11 Imperial College London帝国理工学院 英国
12 Johns Hopkins University约翰霍普金斯大学 美国
13 University of Pennsylvania宾夕法尼亚大学 美国
14 ETH Zurich苏黎世联邦理工学院 瑞士
15 University of California, Los Angeles加州大学洛杉矶分校 美国
16 UCL伦敦大学学院 英国
17 Columbia University哥伦比亚大学 美国
18 University of Toronto多伦多大学 加拿大
19 Cornell University康奈尔大学 美国
=20 Duke University杜克大学 美国
=20 Tsinghua University清华大学 中国
英文来源：thepienews
翻译&编辑：yaning |
优步将在本月底前要求那些不戴口罩被司机举报的用户进行“口罩自拍”，以确保司机和乘客都佩戴口罩。此前优步已对司机启动口罩自拍确认功能。
Uber driver Johan Nijman wears a protective mask as he sits in his car in the Queens neighborhood, as the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) continues to spread, in New York, US, August 5, 2020. REUTERS/Tina Bellon
Since mid-May, Uber has required drivers to take selfies to verify they are wearing a mask or face covering before they are able to pick up riders. Soon, certain riders will also be required to take a selfie prior to ordering a ride.
从五月中旬起，优步要求司机自拍以确认他们戴了口罩或面巾，然后才能接客。很快，某些乘客也将被要求在打车前自拍。
The company said Tuesday that passengers who have previously been reported by a driver for not wearing a mask will be required to take a selfie for mask verification purposes when requesting their next ride.
优步9月1日称，先前曾被司机举报不戴口罩的乘客在下次约车时将被要求发自拍照以确认其佩戴口罩。
The passenger mask verification feature is slated to roll out in the US and Canada by the end of the month, and will expand to Latin America and other countries thereafter, the company said in a blog post Tuesday.
优步9月1日在一篇博文中称，乘客口罩确认功能将于月底前在美国和加拿大推出，之后将推广到拉美和其他国家。
Enforcement of mask use, as recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to help slow the spread of the coronavirus, has proven to be difficult, in both public and private spaces. In Ubers and Lyfts, riders have had to confirm they are wearing a mask or face covering before hailing a ride for several months now, but enforcement has come down to being reported by a driver.
为了帮助减缓新冠病毒的传播，美国疾控中心建议人们佩戴口罩，但是事实证明在公共和私人空间实施起来都很困难。几个月来，在使用优步和来福车这两款打车应用时，用户都必须先证实自己佩戴口罩或面巾才能约车，但具体实施时主要靠司机举报。
Now, there will be an added layer once a rider violates the policy.
现在针对违反该政策的用户附加了一个条款。
"We firmly believe that accountability is a two-way street," wrote Sachin Kansal, Uber's global head of safety product, in the blog post.
优步的产品安全部全球负责人萨钦·坎萨尔在博文中写道：“我们坚信责任制是双向的。”
If a passenger's next ride goes off without a hitch, they will not have to take a selfie again the next time they go to request a ride.
如果乘客下一次打车顺利完成（没有被举报），他们再下次约车时就不需要再自拍。
without a hitch: 顺利无阻地
The mask verification selfie, for both drivers and riders, uses object detection technology to determine whether a person is wearing a mask.
针对司机和乘客的口罩确认自拍功能运用物体检测技术来确定一个人是否佩戴口罩。
Kansal told CNN Business that the company has done "a lot of optimizations" to detect things like if someone is trying to cover their mouth with their hand, for instance, instead of a mask. "It has to be a real-time picture of a face wearing a mask." In the instances where a person orders an Uber for a friend or family member with their account, "the person who is actually requesting the ride is the person who will have to go through the face verification process."
坎萨尔告诉美国有线电视新闻网商业频道说，优步已经做了“许多优化处理”以检测出一些违规操作，比如某人试图用手而不是口罩遮盖口部。“佩戴口罩的自拍照必须是实时的。”如果有人用自己的优步账号为朋友或家人约车，“实际的打车者必须进行人脸识别。”
Kansal said in May that it was easier to initially implement the selfie mechanism for drivers because of its Real-Time ID Check, an in-app feature that has been available for years and prompts drivers to take selfies to compare biometric information to verify their identity. For drivers, the mask selfie doesn't replace an ID check. In some cases, drivers will be asked to take a selfie without a mask, followed by a mask selfie.
坎萨尔五月份时曾表示，最初实行司机自拍机制更容易，因为多年来优步应用一直有实时身份认证功能，该功能提示司机通过自拍来比对生物信息，从而核实身份。对于司机来说，口罩自拍不能取代身份认证功能。在某些情况下，司机将被要求先不戴口罩自拍，然后再戴上口罩自拍。
biometric [ˌbaɪoʊˈmetrɪk]: adj. 生物统计的；生物特征识别的
For both riders and drivers, repeated violations of Uber's policies could lead to deactivation, but the company declined to go into detail regarding how many violations contribute to a removal.
对于乘客和司机而言，一再违反优步政策可能导致失去使用权限，但是优步公司不愿详细说明犯规多少次会被拉黑。
"We have definitely taken action, including taking people off the platform, both from the rider and driver side," Kansal said, referring to mask-related violations.
坎萨尔在提到和口罩相关的违规行为时表示：“我们肯定采取了行动，包括将用户拉黑，乘客和司机都有。”
An Uber Eats food delivery courier wearing a protective face mask waits for an order amid the outbreak of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in central Kiev, Ukraine May 27, 2020. REUTERS/Valentyn Ogirenko
The company also said it has allocated $50 million to purchasing supplies like masks, gloves, hand sanitizer, and disinfectant sprays and wipes for drivers. It said that it has given out 10 million masks, wipes, and sanitizers to more than 750,000 drivers and delivery people in the US and Canada to date.
优步还表示，已拨款5000万美元（约合人民币3.4亿元）为司机购买口罩、手套、洗手液、消毒喷雾和湿巾等用品。该公司称，迄今为止已经给美国和加拿大的逾75万名司机和快递员发放了1000万份口罩、湿巾和洗手液。
The company said on July 1 that its mask requirement in the US and Canada would be in effect indefinitely.
优步7月1日称，在美国和加拿大的口罩规定将无限期有效。
英文来源：美国有线电视新闻网
翻译&编辑：丹妮 | Uber driver Johan Nijman wears a protective mask as he sits in his car in the Queens neighborhood, as the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) continues to spread, in New York, US, August 5, 2020. REUTERS/Tina Bellon
Since mid-May, Uber has required drivers to take selfies to verify they are wearing a mask or face covering before they are able to pick up riders. Soon, certain riders will also be required to take a selfie prior to ordering a ride.
The company said Tuesday that passengers who have previously been reported by a driver for not wearing a mask will be required to take a selfie for mask verification purposes when requesting their next ride.
The passenger mask verification feature is slated to roll out in the US and Canada by the end of the month, and will expand to Latin America and other countries thereafter, the company said in a blog post Tuesday.
Enforcement of mask use, as recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to help slow the spread of the coronavirus, has proven to be difficult, in both public and private spaces. In Ubers and Lyfts, riders have had to confirm they are wearing a mask or face covering before hailing a ride for several months now, but enforcement has come down to being reported by a driver.
Now, there will be an added layer once a rider violates the policy.
"We firmly believe that accountability is a two-way street," wrote Sachin Kansal, Uber's global head of safety product, in the blog post.
If a passenger's next ride goes off without a hitch, they will not have to take a selfie again the next time they go to request a ride.
The mask verification selfie, for both drivers and riders, uses object detection technology to determine whether a person is wearing a mask.
Kansal told CNN Business that the company has done "a lot of optimizations" to detect things like if someone is trying to cover their mouth with their hand, for instance, instead of a mask. "It has to be a real-time picture of a face wearing a mask." In the instances where a person orders an Uber for a friend or family member with their account, "the person who is actually requesting the ride is the person who will have to go through the face verification process."
Kansal said in May that it was easier to initially implement the selfie mechanism for drivers because of its Real-Time ID Check, an in-app feature that has been available for years and prompts drivers to take selfies to compare biometric information to verify their identity. For drivers, the mask selfie doesn't replace an ID check. In some cases, drivers will be asked to take a selfie without a mask, followed by a mask selfie.
For both riders and drivers, repeated violations of Uber's policies could lead to deactivation, but the company declined to go into detail regarding how many violations contribute to a removal.
"We have definitely taken action, including taking people off the platform, both from the rider and driver side," Kansal said, referring to mask-related violations.
An Uber Eats food delivery courier wearing a protective face mask waits for an order amid the outbreak of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in central Kiev, Ukraine May 27, 2020. REUTERS/Valentyn Ogirenko
The company also said it has allocated $50 million to purchasing supplies like masks, gloves, hand sanitizer, and disinfectant sprays and wipes for drivers. It said that it has given out 10 million masks, wipes, and sanitizers to more than 750,000 drivers and delivery people in the US and Canada to date.
The company said on July 1 that its mask requirement in the US and Canada would be in effect indefinitely. | 优步将在本月底前要求那些不戴口罩被司机举报的用户进行“口罩自拍”，以确保司机和乘客都佩戴口罩。此前优步已对司机启动口罩自拍确认功能。
从五月中旬起，优步要求司机自拍以确认他们戴了口罩或面巾，然后才能接客。很快，某些乘客也将被要求在打车前自拍。
优步9月1日称，先前曾被司机举报不戴口罩的乘客在下次约车时将被要求发自拍照以确认其佩戴口罩。
优步9月1日在一篇博文中称，乘客口罩确认功能将于月底前在美国和加拿大推出，之后将推广到拉美和其他国家。
为了帮助减缓新冠病毒的传播，美国疾控中心建议人们佩戴口罩，但是事实证明在公共和私人空间实施起来都很困难。几个月来，在使用优步和来福车这两款打车应用时，用户都必须先证实自己佩戴口罩或面巾才能约车，但具体实施时主要靠司机举报。
现在针对违反该政策的用户附加了一个条款。
优步的产品安全部全球负责人萨钦·坎萨尔在博文中写道：“我们坚信责任制是双向的。”
如果乘客下一次打车顺利完成（没有被举报），他们再下次约车时就不需要再自拍。
without a hitch: 顺利无阻地
针对司机和乘客的口罩确认自拍功能运用物体检测技术来确定一个人是否佩戴口罩。
坎萨尔告诉美国有线电视新闻网商业频道说，优步已经做了“许多优化处理”以检测出一些违规操作，比如某人试图用手而不是口罩遮盖口部。“佩戴口罩的自拍照必须是实时的。”如果有人用自己的优步账号为朋友或家人约车，“实际的打车者必须进行人脸识别。”
坎萨尔五月份时曾表示，最初实行司机自拍机制更容易，因为多年来优步应用一直有实时身份认证功能，该功能提示司机通过自拍来比对生物信息，从而核实身份。对于司机来说，口罩自拍不能取代身份认证功能。在某些情况下，司机将被要求先不戴口罩自拍，然后再戴上口罩自拍。
biometric [ˌbaɪoʊˈmetrɪk]: adj. 生物统计的；生物特征识别的
对于乘客和司机而言，一再违反优步政策可能导致失去使用权限，但是优步公司不愿详细说明犯规多少次会被拉黑。
坎萨尔在提到和口罩相关的违规行为时表示：“我们肯定采取了行动，包括将用户拉黑，乘客和司机都有。”
优步还表示，已拨款5000万美元（约合人民币3.4亿元）为司机购买口罩、手套、洗手液、消毒喷雾和湿巾等用品。该公司称，迄今为止已经给美国和加拿大的逾75万名司机和快递员发放了1000万份口罩、湿巾和洗手液。
优步7月1日称，在美国和加拿大的口罩规定将无限期有效。
英文来源：美国有线电视新闻网
翻译&编辑：丹妮 |
新冠疫情期间，数百万菲律宾人失去工作，很多人被迫“以物易物”，用最古老的办法填饱肚子。人们不惜把家电、玩具甚至是名牌包拿来交换食物，比如一双鞋可以换一整只加工好的鸡，一件衣服可以换几斤大米。
Passengers queue at the check-in counters of Emirates airline, in Ninoy Aquino International Airport in Pasay city, Metro Manila, Philippines, July 9, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
Struggling to make ends meet, Lorraine Imperio swapped a pair of Nike slip-on shoes for a whole dressed chicken on an online bartering site, one of dozens that have sprouted up during the Philippines' virus lockdowns.
为了维持生计，洛林·因佩里奥在一个易货网站上用一双耐克便鞋换了一整只加工好的鸡，这个网站是菲律宾疫情封锁期间出现的几十个易货网站之一。
With millions stripped of their jobs and many forced to stay home to slow the coronavirus spread, Filipinos have flocked to Facebook groups to exchange their possessions, including kitchen appliances, children's toys and designer handbags -- mostly for food.
由于数百万人失去了工作，许多人被迫呆在家里以减缓新冠病毒的传播，菲律宾人纷纷涌向脸书群组，用他们的厨房电器、儿童玩具和名牌手袋等财物做交换，其中大部分用来换取食物。
"It's so difficult nowadays. You don't know where you'll get the money to settle the bills for groceries," said Imperio, a mother of two whose husband works part-time at a doughnut shop in Manila.
因佩里奥是两个孩子的母亲，她的丈夫在马尼拉一家油炸圈饼店做兼职。她说：“现在太难了。你不知道从哪儿能弄到钱去买百货。”
His hours have been slashed because of the pandemic and he now only earns about 9,000 pesos a month, half of which is used to pay the rent for the family's apartment.
由于新冠疫情，因佩里奥丈夫的工作时间减少了，现在他的月薪只有大约9000比索（约合人民币1267元），其中一半用来支付家庭公寓的租金。
Online bartering groups have provided a lifeline to the Imperios and other Filipinos hit hard by the country's months-long virus restrictions that started in March and have sent the economy plunging into a deep recession.
网上易货群组为因佩里奥一家和其他菲律宾人带来了希望。菲律宾从三月开始实行长达数月的疫情限制措施，令民众生活受到影响，也令经济陷入严重衰退。
At least 98 groups, some with tens of thousands of members, are operating across the archipelago, according to an AFP tally.
据法新社统计，整个菲律宾至少有98个易货群组，其中一些有数万名成员。
A health worker gets her temperature checked before getting a COVID-19 swab test in a tent set up in a hospital parking lot in Manila, Philippines, April 15, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
Nearly all of them started during the pandemic as many Filipinos resorted to the ancient trading practice to feed their families.
几乎所有的易货群组都是在疫情期间出现的，许多菲律宾人用古老的交易方式来养活家人。
Google search volume in the Philippines for the keywords "barter food" soared 300 percent in May from April, iPrice Group found in a recent study, as lockdowns squeezed household budgets and made travelling about difficult.
网购数据分析网站iPrice Group近日通过调查发现
，在菲律宾，谷歌搜索关键词“易货食品”的搜索量5月份比4月份增长了300%，原因是封锁令家庭预算吃紧，出行困难。
Its analysis of 85 popular Facebook barter groups, with more than two million members in total, found food and other groceries were among the most sought-after items.
该网站对脸书上85个热门易货群组进行了分析，发现食品和其他百货是最受欢迎的商品。这些易货群组共有200多万名成员。
People post photos and specifications of the goods they want to swap, indicate what they want in return and then negotiate via the comments section.
人们发布他们想要交换的商品的照片和详细描述，说明他们想要换取的物品，然后通过评论区协商。
After successfully bartering baby bottles that she no longer needed, Imperio swapped a baby's down jacket and a Ralph Lauren hoodie for six kilogrammes of rice.
在成功地用她不再需要的奶瓶进行交换后，因佩里奥还用一件婴儿的羽绒服和一件拉夫·劳伦的连帽衫换了6公斤大米。
down jacket[daʊn ˈdʒækɪt]：羽绒服
A worker wearing personal protective equipment for protection against the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) calls for passengers at the check-in counter of Qatar Airways, in Ninoy Aquino International Airport in Pasay City, Metro Manila, Philippines, on July 9, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
While the Nike slip-on shoes were traded for a chicken, a second pair has not had any takers after three weeks.
虽然那双耐克便鞋换到了一只鸡，但第二双耐克便鞋的信息挂了三周，依然无人问津。
"Old items are more difficult to sell," the 28-year-old said. "With bartering, it's easier to convert them into food."
28岁的因佩里奥说：“旧物品更难卖。通过物物交换，更容易用旧货换食物。”
Jocelle Batapa Sigue launched Bacolod Barter Community four months ago out of frustration at not being able to go shopping and a desire to help others.
四个月前，出于无法购物的沮丧和帮助他人的愿望，乔瑟·巴塔帕·斯古创立了巴科洛德易货社区。
Her husband held the family's only quarantine travel pass, which people were required to carry when they left their homes during the lockdown.
她的丈夫持有她们家唯一的一张检疫通行证，这是在封锁期间人们离开家时必须携带的证件。
"It's difficult for me to get what I want when I tell my husband to buy it," said Sigue, who is a lawyer in the central city of Bacolod.
斯古是菲律宾中部城市巴科洛德的一名律师，她说：“让我丈夫把我想要的东西买回来是件难事。”
The group has more than 230,000 members with more joining every day, she said.
她说，这个群组已经有超过23万名成员，而且每天都有更多的人加入。
Sigue estimates thousands of items -- from shampoo and birthday cakes to mobile phones and eyeliner -- change hands on her site daily.
斯古估计每天有成千上万的商品在她的网站上易手，包括洗发水、生日蛋糕、手机和眼线笔等。
"Without the pandemic, I don't think the barter community would be popular," she said.
她说：“如果没有新冠疫情，我觉得易货社区不会这么受欢迎。”
An estimated 5.2 million Filipino families had experienced "hunger due to lack of food to eat" at least once in the previous three months -- the highest in nearly six years, a survey in early July by pollster Social Weather Stations showed.
菲律宾民调机构“社会气象站”7月初的一项调查显示，大约520万菲律宾家庭在过去3个月至少有过一次“因为缺乏食物而挨饿”的经历，创下近6年来最高纪录。。
But it is not just cash-strapped people bartering their belongings.
但参与以物易物的不仅仅是缺钱的人们。
Others are taking the chance to dispose of goods they no longer need after quarantine measures upended normal life.
在检疫措施颠覆了正常生活后，其他人则抓住这个机会处理掉他们不再需要的物品。
Chona de Vega, 57, traded her hair-straighter and electric kettle for a bag of groceries and now plans to dispose of her iron.
57岁的乔纳·德维加用她的直发器和电水壶换了一袋百货，现在她打算处理掉熨斗。
"I have no use for it," said de Vega, who lives in Manila and spends most of her time at home because of travel restrictions.
“熨斗对我没用了，”德维加说。她住在马尼拉，由于出行限制，大部分时间都呆在家里。
Charles Ramirez, who runs a 14,000-member bartering site in the capital, said a "big percentage" of his group live in poverty and mostly ask for groceries.
查尔斯·拉米雷斯在马尼拉经营着一个有1.4万名会员的易货网站，他说他的群组中有“很大一部分人”生活在贫困之中，他们大多要求交换百货。
"People are realising that while they have no money, they have accumulated a lot of material things (they can swap)," said Ramirez, who set up his group in May after losing his job as a grocery wholesaler.
拉米雷斯说：“人们意识到，虽然他们没有钱，但他们积累了很多（可以交换的）物品。”他在失去了百货批发商的工作后，于今年5月成立了自己的易货群组。
"It's a depressing feeling, of course, having to let go of things you have accumulated just to be able to survive."
“当然，这是一种令人沮丧的感觉，为了生存而不得不放弃你攒下来的东西。”
英文来源：法新社
翻译&编辑：yaning | Passengers queue at the check-in counters of Emirates airline, in Ninoy Aquino International Airport in Pasay city, Metro Manila, Philippines, July 9, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
Struggling to make ends meet, Lorraine Imperio swapped a pair of Nike slip-on shoes for a whole dressed chicken on an online bartering site, one of dozens that have sprouted up during the Philippines' virus lockdowns.
With millions stripped of their jobs and many forced to stay home to slow the coronavirus spread, Filipinos have flocked to Facebook groups to exchange their possessions, including kitchen appliances, children's toys and designer handbags -- mostly for food.
"It's so difficult nowadays. You don't know where you'll get the money to settle the bills for groceries," said Imperio, a mother of two whose husband works part-time at a doughnut shop in Manila.
His hours have been slashed because of the pandemic and he now only earns about 9,000 pesos a month, half of which is used to pay the rent for the family's apartment.
Online bartering groups have provided a lifeline to the Imperios and other Filipinos hit hard by the country's months-long virus restrictions that started in March and have sent the economy plunging into a deep recession.
At least 98 groups, some with tens of thousands of members, are operating across the archipelago, according to an AFP tally.
A health worker gets her temperature checked before getting a COVID-19 swab test in a tent set up in a hospital parking lot in Manila, Philippines, April 15, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
Nearly all of them started during the pandemic as many Filipinos resorted to the ancient trading practice to feed their families.
Google search volume in the Philippines for the keywords "barter food" soared 300 percent in May from April, iPrice Group found in a recent study, as lockdowns squeezed household budgets and made travelling about difficult.
Its analysis of 85 popular Facebook barter groups, with more than two million members in total, found food and other groceries were among the most sought-after items.
People post photos and specifications of the goods they want to swap, indicate what they want in return and then negotiate via the comments section.
After successfully bartering baby bottles that she no longer needed, Imperio swapped a baby's down jacket and a Ralph Lauren hoodie for six kilogrammes of rice.
A worker wearing personal protective equipment for protection against the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) calls for passengers at the check-in counter of Qatar Airways, in Ninoy Aquino International Airport in Pasay City, Metro Manila, Philippines, on July 9, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
While the Nike slip-on shoes were traded for a chicken, a second pair has not had any takers after three weeks.
"Old items are more difficult to sell," the 28-year-old said. "With bartering, it's easier to convert them into food."
Jocelle Batapa Sigue launched Bacolod Barter Community four months ago out of frustration at not being able to go shopping and a desire to help others.
Her husband held the family's only quarantine travel pass, which people were required to carry when they left their homes during the lockdown.
"It's difficult for me to get what I want when I tell my husband to buy it," said Sigue, who is a lawyer in the central city of Bacolod.
The group has more than 230,000 members with more joining every day, she said.
Sigue estimates thousands of items -- from shampoo and birthday cakes to mobile phones and eyeliner -- change hands on her site daily.
"Without the pandemic, I don't think the barter community would be popular," she said.
An estimated 5.2 million Filipino families had experienced "hunger due to lack of food to eat" at least once in the previous three months -- the highest in nearly six years, a survey in early July by pollster Social Weather Stations showed.
But it is not just cash-strapped people bartering their belongings.
Others are taking the chance to dispose of goods they no longer need after quarantine measures upended normal life.
Chona de Vega, 57, traded her hair-straighter and electric kettle for a bag of groceries and now plans to dispose of her iron.
"I have no use for it," said de Vega, who lives in Manila and spends most of her time at home because of travel restrictions.
Charles Ramirez, who runs a 14,000-member bartering site in the capital, said a "big percentage" of his group live in poverty and mostly ask for groceries.
"People are realising that while they have no money, they have accumulated a lot of material things (they can swap)," said Ramirez, who set up his group in May after losing his job as a grocery wholesaler.
"It's a depressing feeling, of course, having to let go of things you have accumulated just to be able to survive." | 新冠疫情期间，数百万菲律宾人失去工作，很多人被迫“以物易物”，用最古老的办法填饱肚子。人们不惜把家电、玩具甚至是名牌包拿来交换食物，比如一双鞋可以换一整只加工好的鸡，一件衣服可以换几斤大米。
为了维持生计，洛林·因佩里奥在一个易货网站上用一双耐克便鞋换了一整只加工好的鸡，这个网站是菲律宾疫情封锁期间出现的几十个易货网站之一。
由于数百万人失去了工作，许多人被迫呆在家里以减缓新冠病毒的传播，菲律宾人纷纷涌向脸书群组，用他们的厨房电器、儿童玩具和名牌手袋等财物做交换，其中大部分用来换取食物。
因佩里奥是两个孩子的母亲，她的丈夫在马尼拉一家油炸圈饼店做兼职。她说：“现在太难了。你不知道从哪儿能弄到钱去买百货。”
由于新冠疫情，因佩里奥丈夫的工作时间减少了，现在他的月薪只有大约9000比索（约合人民币1267元），其中一半用来支付家庭公寓的租金。
网上易货群组为因佩里奥一家和其他菲律宾人带来了希望。菲律宾从三月开始实行长达数月的疫情限制措施，令民众生活受到影响，也令经济陷入严重衰退。
据法新社统计，整个菲律宾至少有98个易货群组，其中一些有数万名成员。
几乎所有的易货群组都是在疫情期间出现的，许多菲律宾人用古老的交易方式来养活家人。
网购数据分析网站iPrice Group近日通过调查发现
，在菲律宾，谷歌搜索关键词“易货食品”的搜索量5月份比4月份增长了300%，原因是封锁令家庭预算吃紧，出行困难。
该网站对脸书上85个热门易货群组进行了分析，发现食品和其他百货是最受欢迎的商品。这些易货群组共有200多万名成员。
人们发布他们想要交换的商品的照片和详细描述，说明他们想要换取的物品，然后通过评论区协商。
在成功地用她不再需要的奶瓶进行交换后，因佩里奥还用一件婴儿的羽绒服和一件拉夫·劳伦的连帽衫换了6公斤大米。
down jacket[daʊn ˈdʒækɪt]：羽绒服
虽然那双耐克便鞋换到了一只鸡，但第二双耐克便鞋的信息挂了三周，依然无人问津。
28岁的因佩里奥说：“旧物品更难卖。通过物物交换，更容易用旧货换食物。”
四个月前，出于无法购物的沮丧和帮助他人的愿望，乔瑟·巴塔帕·斯古创立了巴科洛德易货社区。
她的丈夫持有她们家唯一的一张检疫通行证，这是在封锁期间人们离开家时必须携带的证件。
斯古是菲律宾中部城市巴科洛德的一名律师，她说：“让我丈夫把我想要的东西买回来是件难事。”
她说，这个群组已经有超过23万名成员，而且每天都有更多的人加入。
斯古估计每天有成千上万的商品在她的网站上易手，包括洗发水、生日蛋糕、手机和眼线笔等。
她说：“如果没有新冠疫情，我觉得易货社区不会这么受欢迎。”
菲律宾民调机构“社会气象站”7月初的一项调查显示，大约520万菲律宾家庭在过去3个月至少有过一次“因为缺乏食物而挨饿”的经历，创下近6年来最高纪录。。
但参与以物易物的不仅仅是缺钱的人们。
在检疫措施颠覆了正常生活后，其他人则抓住这个机会处理掉他们不再需要的物品。
57岁的乔纳·德维加用她的直发器和电水壶换了一袋百货，现在她打算处理掉熨斗。
“熨斗对我没用了，”德维加说。她住在马尼拉，由于出行限制，大部分时间都呆在家里。
查尔斯·拉米雷斯在马尼拉经营着一个有1.4万名会员的易货网站，他说他的群组中有“很大一部分人”生活在贫困之中，他们大多要求交换百货。
拉米雷斯说：“人们意识到，虽然他们没有钱，但他们积累了很多（可以交换的）物品。”他在失去了百货批发商的工作后，于今年5月成立了自己的易货群组。
“当然，这是一种令人沮丧的感觉，为了生存而不得不放弃你攒下来的东西。”
英文来源：法新社
翻译&编辑：yaning |
如果新冠疫苗研制出来，你愿意接种吗？根据调查，中国人接种疫苗的积极性是最高的，而俄罗斯人的接种意愿是最低的。全球共有四分之一的人不愿意接种疫苗，世界经济论坛的专家表示，这足以抵消其他人接种疫苗的效果。
2020年3月16日，科兴中维工作人员展示新型冠状病毒灭活疫苗样品。（图片来源：新华社）
Around 74% of adults globally are willing to get immunized against the coronavirus if a vaccine became available — but that may not be enough to defeat the fast-spreading virus, according to a survey released Tuesday.
9月1日发布的一项调查称，如果能获得新冠疫苗，全球约有74%的成年人愿意接种，但这或许还不足以打败飞速传播的病毒。
The survey by World Economic Forum and market research firm Ipsos polled close to 20,000 adults across 27 countries over two weeks — between July 24 and Aug 7 this year.
世界经济论坛和市场调研公司益普索集团今年7月24日至8月7日期间开展的这项调查在两周时间内访问了27个国家的近2万名成年人。
A majority of respondents from all the countries expressed their willingness to get a vaccine, the survey results showed. China was the most enthusiastic country with 97% of respondents indicating they would want to be vaccinated, while Russia was the least willing with only 54% interested to do so, the survey found.
调查结果显示，来自所有这些国家的大多数受访者表示愿意接种疫苗。中国是最积极的国家，有97%的受访者表示想要接种疫苗，而俄罗斯的接种意愿是最低的，只有54%的人愿意接种。
Still, it’s concerning that roughly one-quarter of people globally not intending to get a vaccine, said an expert from the World Economic Forum.
世界经济论坛的一位专家指出，全球仍有约四分之一的人不打算接种疫苗，这让人感到担忧。
"The 26% shortfall in vaccine confidence is significant enough to compromise the effectiveness of rolling out a Covid-19 vaccine,” said Arnaud Bernaert, head of shaping the future of health and healthcare at the WEF.
世界经济论坛“塑造健康与医疗的未来”平台负责人阿诺德·拜尔内特称：“有26%的人对疫苗缺乏信心足以抵消推出新冠疫苗的效果。”
Covid-19 is the formal name of the coronavirus disease, which has infected more than 25.4 million globally and killed over 850,500, according to data compiled by Johns Hopkins University.
根据约翰斯•霍普金斯大学编纂的数据，全球新冠肺炎确诊病例逾2540万例，死亡病例逾85万零500例。
The most frequently cited reason for not wanting a vaccine is concern about the side effects, according to the survey findings. Other factors mentioned by respondents include their perception that a vaccine may not be effective and they’re not sufficiently at risk from the virus, the survey showed.
调查结果显示，不想接种疫苗最常用的理由是担心有副作用。受访者提到的其他因素包括他们觉得疫苗可能没有效果以及他们感染病毒的风险不太大。
以下是本次调查结果的其他亮点：
In the US, the country with the highest number of cumulative cases and deaths, 67% of respondents said they would get a vaccine;
在聚集性病例和死亡人数最多的美国，67%的受访者表示愿意接种疫苗。
Less than half — or around 41% — of respondents globally expect a vaccine to be available to the public this year;
全球不到一半（约41%）的受访者期待疫苗在今年向公众提供。
China was the most optimistic about the availability of a vaccine in 2020, while respondents from Poland and Japan showed the most skepticism;
对于2020年公众能否获得疫苗，中国人是最乐观的，而波兰和日本的受访者则是最悲观的。
Only 34% of Americans expect a coronavirus vaccine to be ready this year.
只有34%的美国人期待今年能推出新冠疫苗。
Measures to contain the virus, such as border closures and restrictions on movements, have caused a slump in global economic activity. Many governments and people now pin their hopes on a vaccine to help restore some normalcy in the world, but the World Health Organization has warned that a vaccine alone may not end the pandemic.
边境关闭和限制活动等防控病毒措施已经导致全球经济活动严重下滑。许多政府和民众现在都寄希望于疫苗来帮助恢复世界正常秩序，但是世界卫生组织警告称，光有疫苗可能还无法终结疫情。
There are at least 30 potential vaccines currently in clinical trials, according to the WHO.
世界卫生组织称，现在至少有30种候选疫苗在临床试验阶段。
英文来源：CNBC
翻译&编辑：丹妮 | Around 74% of adults globally are willing to get immunized against the coronavirus if a vaccine became available — but that may not be enough to defeat the fast-spreading virus, according to a survey released Tuesday.
The survey by World Economic Forum and market research firm Ipsos polled close to 20,000 adults across 27 countries over two weeks — between July 24 and Aug 7 this year.
A majority of respondents from all the countries expressed their willingness to get a vaccine, the survey results showed. China was the most enthusiastic country with 97% of respondents indicating they would want to be vaccinated, while Russia was the least willing with only 54% interested to do so, the survey found.
Still, it’s concerning that roughly one-quarter of people globally not intending to get a vaccine, said an expert from the World Economic Forum.
"The 26% shortfall in vaccine confidence is significant enough to compromise the effectiveness of rolling out a Covid-19 vaccine,” said Arnaud Bernaert, head of shaping the future of health and healthcare at the WEF.
Covid-19 is the formal name of the coronavirus disease, which has infected more than 25.4 million globally and killed over 850,500, according to data compiled by Johns Hopkins University.
The most frequently cited reason for not wanting a vaccine is concern about the side effects, according to the survey findings. Other factors mentioned by respondents include their perception that a vaccine may not be effective and they’re not sufficiently at risk from the virus, the survey showed.
In the US, the country with the highest number of cumulative cases and deaths, 67% of respondents said they would get a vaccine;
Less than half — or around 41% — of respondents globally expect a vaccine to be available to the public this year;
China was the most optimistic about the availability of a vaccine in 2020, while respondents from Poland and Japan showed the most skepticism;
Only 34% of Americans expect a coronavirus vaccine to be ready this year.
Measures to contain the virus, such as border closures and restrictions on movements, have caused a slump in global economic activity. Many governments and people now pin their hopes on a vaccine to help restore some normalcy in the world, but the World Health Organization has warned that a vaccine alone may not end the pandemic.
There are at least 30 potential vaccines currently in clinical trials, according to the WHO. | 如果新冠疫苗研制出来，你愿意接种吗？根据调查，中国人接种疫苗的积极性是最高的，而俄罗斯人的接种意愿是最低的。全球共有四分之一的人不愿意接种疫苗，世界经济论坛的专家表示，这足以抵消其他人接种疫苗的效果。
2020年3月16日，科兴中维工作人员展示新型冠状病毒灭活疫苗样品。（图片来源：新华社）
9月1日发布的一项调查称，如果能获得新冠疫苗，全球约有74%的成年人愿意接种，但这或许还不足以打败飞速传播的病毒。
世界经济论坛和市场调研公司益普索集团今年7月24日至8月7日期间开展的这项调查在两周时间内访问了27个国家的近2万名成年人。
调查结果显示，来自所有这些国家的大多数受访者表示愿意接种疫苗。中国是最积极的国家，有97%的受访者表示想要接种疫苗，而俄罗斯的接种意愿是最低的，只有54%的人愿意接种。
世界经济论坛的一位专家指出，全球仍有约四分之一的人不打算接种疫苗，这让人感到担忧。
世界经济论坛“塑造健康与医疗的未来”平台负责人阿诺德·拜尔内特称：“有26%的人对疫苗缺乏信心足以抵消推出新冠疫苗的效果。”
根据约翰斯•霍普金斯大学编纂的数据，全球新冠肺炎确诊病例逾2540万例，死亡病例逾85万零500例。
调查结果显示，不想接种疫苗最常用的理由是担心有副作用。受访者提到的其他因素包括他们觉得疫苗可能没有效果以及他们感染病毒的风险不太大。
以下是本次调查结果的其他亮点：
在聚集性病例和死亡人数最多的美国，67%的受访者表示愿意接种疫苗。
全球不到一半（约41%）的受访者期待疫苗在今年向公众提供。
对于2020年公众能否获得疫苗，中国人是最乐观的，而波兰和日本的受访者则是最悲观的。
只有34%的美国人期待今年能推出新冠疫苗。
边境关闭和限制活动等防控病毒措施已经导致全球经济活动严重下滑。许多政府和民众现在都寄希望于疫苗来帮助恢复世界正常秩序，但是世界卫生组织警告称，光有疫苗可能还无法终结疫情。
世界卫生组织称，现在至少有30种候选疫苗在临床试验阶段。
英文来源：CNBC
翻译&编辑：丹妮 |
当地时间9月1日，网飞公司宣布将把刘慈欣所著长篇科幻小说《三体》三部曲搬上荧屏，拍摄英文电视剧，并公布了部分主创人员名单。
File photo of Chinese writer Liu Cixin.[Photo provided to China Daily]
Netflix just announced its plans to turn Cixin Liu’s “
TheThree-Body Problem
” trilogy into an original, English-language science fiction series.
网飞公司宣布，计划将刘慈欣的《三体》三部曲改编成一部原创的英文科幻电视剧。
The show will be executive produced and written by David Benioff and D.B. Weiss (the “
Game of Thrones
” showrunners signed a multi-year deal with Netflix last year that is reportedly worth more than $200 million), along with Alexander Woo, who previously served as showrunner for “
The Terror: Infamy
.”
该剧将由《权力的游戏》主创大卫·贝尼奥夫和D.B.魏斯携手《急地恶灵》第二季制作人亚历山大·伍共同担任执行制片和编剧。大卫·贝尼奥夫和D.B.魏斯去年与网飞公司签订了一份多年合约，据报道价值超过2亿美元（约合人民币13.6亿元）。
“
The Last Jedi
” director Rian Johnson and his producing partner Ram Bergman are on board as executive producers, while Liu and his American translator Ken Liu will serve as consulting producers.
执导《星球大战：最后的绝地武士》的莱恩·约翰逊和他的制片伙伴拉姆·伯格曼将担任执行制片人，刘慈欣与英文译者刘宇昆将担任制片顾问。
“I have the greatest respect for and faith in the creative team adapting
The Three-Body Problem
for television audiences,” said Cixin Liu in a statement. “I set out to tell a story that transcends time and the confines of nations, cultures and races; one that compels us to consider the fate of humankind as a whole. It is a great honor as an author to see this unique sci-fi concept travel and gain fandom across the globe and I am excited for new and existing fans all over the world to discover the story on Netflix.”
刘慈欣在一份声明中说：“我非常尊重并信任改编《三体》的电视剧版创作团队。我书中讲述了一个超越时间和国家、文化与种族界限的故事，它迫使我们考虑整个人类的命运。作为一名作家，我很荣幸能看到这个独特的科幻概念在全球范围内传播并获得书迷们的喜爱，我也很高兴全球各地的新老粉丝能在网飞上看到这个故事。”
fandom[ˈfændəm]：n.运动迷；影迷
First serialized in China in 2006, “
The Three-Body Problem
” and its sequels “
The Dark Forest
” and “
Death’s End
” (the whole series is also known as “
Remembrance of Earth’s Past
”) tell the story of humanity’s encounter with a mysterious alien race known as the Trisolarans. After its American publication in 2014, “
The Three-Body Problem
” was the first Asian novel to win science fiction’s Hugo Award and it attracted high-profile fans, including former President Barack Obama. The series has sold at least 8 million copies worldwide.
《三体》于2006年首次在中国连载，其续集《黑暗森林》和《死神永生》（整个系列原名《地球往事三部曲》）讲述了人类遭遇神秘外星种族三体人的故事。自2014年在美国出版以来，《三体》是第一部获得科幻小说雨果奖的亚洲小说，它吸引了包括美国前总统贝拉克·奥巴马在内的众多知名粉丝。这套丛书在全球至少卖出了800万册。
The trilogy is distinguished by its wildly inventive plotting, its detailed scientific extrapolation and its broad perspective, ultimately covering a vast swath of human history.
《三体》三部曲的突出之处在于其大胆创新的情节，详细的科学推断和广阔的视角，最终涵盖了人类历史的一大部分。
“Liu Cixin’s trilogy is the most ambitious science-fiction series we’ve read, taking readers on a journey from the 1960s until the end of time, from life on our pale blue dot to the distant fringes of the universe,” Benioff and Weiss said in a statement. “We look forward to spending the next years of our lives bringing this to life for audiences around the world.”
贝尼奥夫和魏斯在声明中称：“刘慈欣的《三体》三部曲是我们读过最宏大的科幻小说系列，它将读者带进从20世纪60年代一直到世界末日的旅程，从地球上的生命到遥远的宇宙边缘。我们期待用接下来的人生岁月，将这个作品呈现在全球观众的面前。”
People pass by a poster of Chinese sci-fi blockbuster The Wandering Earth in Shanghai last February.[Photo provided to China Daily]
Meanwhile, a cinematic adaptation of Liu’s novel “
The Wandering Earth
” was released last year and became one of China’s highest-grossing films of all time.
另外，根据刘慈欣所著的小说《流浪地球》改编的电影于去年上映，成为中国有史以来票房最高的电影之一。
英文来源：techcrunch
翻译&编辑：yaning | File photo of Chinese writer Liu Cixin.[Photo provided to China Daily]
Netflix just announced its plans to turn Cixin Liu’s “
TheThree-Body Problem
” trilogy into an original, English-language science fiction series.
The show will be executive produced and written by David Benioff and D.B. Weiss (the “
Game of Thrones
” showrunners signed a multi-year deal with Netflix last year that is reportedly worth more than $200 million), along with Alexander Woo, who previously served as showrunner for “
The Terror: Infamy
.”
“
The Last Jedi
” director Rian Johnson and his producing partner Ram Bergman are on board as executive producers, while Liu and his American translator Ken Liu will serve as consulting producers.
“I have the greatest respect for and faith in the creative team adapting
The Three-Body Problem
for television audiences,” said Cixin Liu in a statement. “I set out to tell a story that transcends time and the confines of nations, cultures and races; one that compels us to consider the fate of humankind as a whole. It is a great honor as an author to see this unique sci-fi concept travel and gain fandom across the globe and I am excited for new and existing fans all over the world to discover the story on Netflix.”
First serialized in China in 2006, “
The Three-Body Problem
” and its sequels “
The Dark Forest
” and “
Death’s End
” (the whole series is also known as “
Remembrance of Earth’s Past
”) tell the story of humanity’s encounter with a mysterious alien race known as the Trisolarans. After its American publication in 2014, “
The Three-Body Problem
” was the first Asian novel to win science fiction’s Hugo Award and it attracted high-profile fans, including former President Barack Obama. The series has sold at least 8 million copies worldwide.
The trilogy is distinguished by its wildly inventive plotting, its detailed scientific extrapolation and its broad perspective, ultimately covering a vast swath of human history.
“Liu Cixin’s trilogy is the most ambitious science-fiction series we’ve read, taking readers on a journey from the 1960s until the end of time, from life on our pale blue dot to the distant fringes of the universe,” Benioff and Weiss said in a statement. “We look forward to spending the next years of our lives bringing this to life for audiences around the world.”
People pass by a poster of Chinese sci-fi blockbuster The Wandering Earth in Shanghai last February.[Photo provided to China Daily]
Meanwhile, a cinematic adaptation of Liu’s novel “
The Wandering Earth
” was released last year and became one of China’s highest-grossing films of all time. | 当地时间9月1日，网飞公司宣布将把刘慈欣所著长篇科幻小说《三体》三部曲搬上荧屏，拍摄英文电视剧，并公布了部分主创人员名单。
网飞公司宣布，计划将刘慈欣的《三体》三部曲改编成一部原创的英文科幻电视剧。
该剧将由《权力的游戏》主创大卫·贝尼奥夫和D.B.魏斯携手《急地恶灵》第二季制作人亚历山大·伍共同担任执行制片和编剧。大卫·贝尼奥夫和D.B.魏斯去年与网飞公司签订了一份多年合约，据报道价值超过2亿美元（约合人民币13.6亿元）。
执导《星球大战：最后的绝地武士》的莱恩·约翰逊和他的制片伙伴拉姆·伯格曼将担任执行制片人，刘慈欣与英文译者刘宇昆将担任制片顾问。
刘慈欣在一份声明中说：“我非常尊重并信任改编《三体》的电视剧版创作团队。我书中讲述了一个超越时间和国家、文化与种族界限的故事，它迫使我们考虑整个人类的命运。作为一名作家，我很荣幸能看到这个独特的科幻概念在全球范围内传播并获得书迷们的喜爱，我也很高兴全球各地的新老粉丝能在网飞上看到这个故事。”
fandom[ˈfændəm]：n.运动迷；影迷
《三体》于2006年首次在中国连载，其续集《黑暗森林》和《死神永生》（整个系列原名《地球往事三部曲》）讲述了人类遭遇神秘外星种族三体人的故事。自2014年在美国出版以来，《三体》是第一部获得科幻小说雨果奖的亚洲小说，它吸引了包括美国前总统贝拉克·奥巴马在内的众多知名粉丝。这套丛书在全球至少卖出了800万册。
《三体》三部曲的突出之处在于其大胆创新的情节，详细的科学推断和广阔的视角，最终涵盖了人类历史的一大部分。
贝尼奥夫和魏斯在声明中称：“刘慈欣的《三体》三部曲是我们读过最宏大的科幻小说系列，它将读者带进从20世纪60年代一直到世界末日的旅程，从地球上的生命到遥远的宇宙边缘。我们期待用接下来的人生岁月，将这个作品呈现在全球观众的面前。”
另外，根据刘慈欣所著的小说《流浪地球》改编的电影于去年上映，成为中国有史以来票房最高的电影之一。
英文来源：techcrunch
翻译&编辑：yaning |
在没有飞机的情况下你很难在80天内环游世界，但是你却可以在70天内游遍半个地球。印度一家探险公司明年将发起一项巴士旅游服务，从印度德里直达英国伦敦，途经18个国家。游客可以在途中随时上车，也可以随时下车游览当地景点。是不是很心动？
The image above is an illustration from Adventures Overland, depicting what the bus might look like. Courtesy Adventures Overland
Would you travel halfway across the world by bus?
你愿意乘坐巴士游遍半个世界吗？
Expedition company Adventures Overland is hoping you'll say yes to its new organized bus trip, which will ferry travelers from the Indian metropolis of Delhi to the UK capital of London -- no airplanes involved.
探险公司“陆上冒险”希望人们能参加其新组织的巴士旅游，该公司将把游客从印度大都会德里载到英国首都伦敦，全程巴士，不乘坐飞机。
Described as the "first-ever hop-on/hop-off bus service" between the two destinations, Bus to London will ferry 20 passengers on a modified luxury bus, inspired in part by the Hippie Trail buses that crisscrossed the world in the 1950s and 1960s.
该公司将其描述为两地之间的“首项随上随下巴士服务”。开往伦敦的巴士将搭载20名乘客，巴士为改良版豪华巴士，部分灵感源自曾在20世纪50年代和60年代往返于世界各地的“嬉皮之路”巴士。
The bus will cross 18 countries over a period of 70 days, with passengers hopping off to marvel at the pagodas of Myanmar, hike the Great Wall of China and wander historic cities including Moscow and Prague.
该巴士将在70天内穿越18个国家，乘客可以随时下车游览缅甸的宝塔、中国的长城，以及莫斯科、布拉格等历史名城。
Adventures Overland was founded by entrepreneurs and enthusiastic travelers Tushar Agarwal and Sanjay Madan.
“陆上冒险”公司由热心旅游的企业家图莎尔·阿加瓦尔和桑杰·马丹创办。
Agarwal tells CNN Travel the idea was inspired by an incredible solo drive from London to Delhi he did back in 2010.
阿加瓦尔告诉美国有线电视新闻网旅游频道说，这一想法的灵感源自2010年他从伦敦到德里的一次不可思议的单人游。
"It is an absolutely fantastic journey," he says.
他说：“这是一次绝妙的旅程。”
Since founding Adventures Overland, Agarwal and Madan have organized three India-to-London expeditions, in which travelers bring their own cars and travel in a convoy. The duo has also organized driving trips across snowy Iceland and over frozen lakes in Russia.
自从创立“陆上冒险”公司后，阿加瓦尔和马丹已经组织了三次从印度到伦敦的探险之旅，采取游客们组团自驾出游的形式。他们俩还组织过跨越冰雪皑皑的冰岛和俄罗斯冻湖的自驾之旅。
They've had some incredible experiences, but Agarwal and Madan were keen to do something a little different with their latest excursion.
这些经历很美妙，但阿加瓦尔和马丹渴望在最新的旅程中尝试一些不同的东西。
"There are a lot of people, travelers, who want to experience these overland journeys, but they don't want to drive," says Agarwal. "So, we came up with the idea of putting together a bus in which people can sit comfortably and go on long distance journeys. And that's how the idea of the Bus to London was born."
阿加瓦尔说：“有很多游客想体验这种陆上旅游，但他们不想驾车。所以我们就想出了这个主意，让人们一起舒服地坐在巴士里进行长途旅游。于是前往伦敦的巴士项目就诞生了。”
Adventures Overland founders Sanjay Madan and Tushar Agarwal have done this journey on more than one occasion. Courtesy Adventures Overland
The inaugural Bus to London journey is set to take place in mid-2021, Covid restrictions pending.
首趟前往伦敦的巴士之旅将在2021年年中开启，届时可能会受到疫情管制措施的限制。
"The best time to do this journey is between April and June, because that's when the weather is favorable to start the journey from India through to Myanmar, and to cross the high mountains of China and Kyrgyzstan," explains Agarwal.
阿加瓦尔说：“踏上这一旅途的最佳时间是四月到六月之间，因为这段时间内的天气适合从印度出发前往缅甸，也适合跨越中国和吉尔吉斯斯坦的高山。”
This road trip doesn't come cheap -- Agarwal says it will cost around $20,000, but you can opt to just do part of the journey, which is divided into four legs.
不过，这趟旅程可不便宜。阿加瓦尔表示费用大约是2万美元（约合人民币13.7万元），但你可以选择只参加部分旅程，全程被划分为四段。
Plus, you can pick whether you want to start in the UK or India -- once the bus reaches London, outward passengers will travel back by air and the vehicle will turn back around, kickstarting a return journey with a new group of 20 travelers.
而且，你可以选择是从英国出发，还是从印度出发。一旦巴士抵达伦敦，从印度出发的乘客将乘飞机返回，而这辆巴士将调头回去，承载着20名新旅客开启回程之旅。
"This is a tried and tested route," says Agarwal, who stresses it's designed to be as safe as possible, adding that local guides also join the party as each border is crossed to assist with travel logistics.
阿加瓦尔说：“这是一条经过反复考验的路线。”他强调说，这条路线被设计得尽可能安全，而且在过境时还会有当地导游加入来协助旅游后勤工作。
Since announcing the idea, Agarwal and his team have been inundated with messages from travelers around the world -- some 40,000 people have registered interest so far.
自从宣布这一想法后，阿加瓦尔和他的团队收到了从世界各地涌来的游客咨询信息，迄今为止已经有约4万人有兴趣参加。
inundate[ˈɪnʌndeɪt]: vt. 淹没；泛滥；（洪水般的）扑来
For anyone dreaming of joining the team on the 70-day adventure, he advises approaching the adventure with "an open mind" and "open heart."
对于那些梦想入团参加70天探险之旅的人，阿加瓦尔建议他们带着“开放的思维”和“开阔的心胸”来开启这场冒险。
"It's a life-changing journey, something that people will always remember and they will cherish it forever."
“这是一次改变人生的旅程，人们将永远铭记，也会永远珍藏这段记忆。”
英文来源：美国有线电视新闻网
翻译&编辑：丹妮 | The image above is an illustration from Adventures Overland, depicting what the bus might look like. Courtesy Adventures Overland
Would you travel halfway across the world by bus?
Expedition company Adventures Overland is hoping you'll say yes to its new organized bus trip, which will ferry travelers from the Indian metropolis of Delhi to the UK capital of London -- no airplanes involved.
Described as the "first-ever hop-on/hop-off bus service" between the two destinations, Bus to London will ferry 20 passengers on a modified luxury bus, inspired in part by the Hippie Trail buses that crisscrossed the world in the 1950s and 1960s.
The bus will cross 18 countries over a period of 70 days, with passengers hopping off to marvel at the pagodas of Myanmar, hike the Great Wall of China and wander historic cities including Moscow and Prague.
Adventures Overland was founded by entrepreneurs and enthusiastic travelers Tushar Agarwal and Sanjay Madan.
Agarwal tells CNN Travel the idea was inspired by an incredible solo drive from London to Delhi he did back in 2010.
"It is an absolutely fantastic journey," he says.
Since founding Adventures Overland, Agarwal and Madan have organized three India-to-London expeditions, in which travelers bring their own cars and travel in a convoy. The duo has also organized driving trips across snowy Iceland and over frozen lakes in Russia.
They've had some incredible experiences, but Agarwal and Madan were keen to do something a little different with their latest excursion.
"There are a lot of people, travelers, who want to experience these overland journeys, but they don't want to drive," says Agarwal. "So, we came up with the idea of putting together a bus in which people can sit comfortably and go on long distance journeys. And that's how the idea of the Bus to London was born."
Adventures Overland founders Sanjay Madan and Tushar Agarwal have done this journey on more than one occasion. Courtesy Adventures Overland
The inaugural Bus to London journey is set to take place in mid-2021, Covid restrictions pending.
"The best time to do this journey is between April and June, because that's when the weather is favorable to start the journey from India through to Myanmar, and to cross the high mountains of China and Kyrgyzstan," explains Agarwal.
This road trip doesn't come cheap -- Agarwal says it will cost around $20,000, but you can opt to just do part of the journey, which is divided into four legs.
Plus, you can pick whether you want to start in the UK or India -- once the bus reaches London, outward passengers will travel back by air and the vehicle will turn back around, kickstarting a return journey with a new group of 20 travelers.
"This is a tried and tested route," says Agarwal, who stresses it's designed to be as safe as possible, adding that local guides also join the party as each border is crossed to assist with travel logistics.
Since announcing the idea, Agarwal and his team have been inundated with messages from travelers around the world -- some 40,000 people have registered interest so far.
For anyone dreaming of joining the team on the 70-day adventure, he advises approaching the adventure with "an open mind" and "open heart."
"It's a life-changing journey, something that people will always remember and they will cherish it forever." | 在没有飞机的情况下你很难在80天内环游世界，但是你却可以在70天内游遍半个地球。印度一家探险公司明年将发起一项巴士旅游服务，从印度德里直达英国伦敦，途经18个国家。游客可以在途中随时上车，也可以随时下车游览当地景点。是不是很心动？
你愿意乘坐巴士游遍半个世界吗？
探险公司“陆上冒险”希望人们能参加其新组织的巴士旅游，该公司将把游客从印度大都会德里载到英国首都伦敦，全程巴士，不乘坐飞机。
该公司将其描述为两地之间的“首项随上随下巴士服务”。开往伦敦的巴士将搭载20名乘客，巴士为改良版豪华巴士，部分灵感源自曾在20世纪50年代和60年代往返于世界各地的“嬉皮之路”巴士。
该巴士将在70天内穿越18个国家，乘客可以随时下车游览缅甸的宝塔、中国的长城，以及莫斯科、布拉格等历史名城。
“陆上冒险”公司由热心旅游的企业家图莎尔·阿加瓦尔和桑杰·马丹创办。
阿加瓦尔告诉美国有线电视新闻网旅游频道说，这一想法的灵感源自2010年他从伦敦到德里的一次不可思议的单人游。
他说：“这是一次绝妙的旅程。”
自从创立“陆上冒险”公司后，阿加瓦尔和马丹已经组织了三次从印度到伦敦的探险之旅，采取游客们组团自驾出游的形式。他们俩还组织过跨越冰雪皑皑的冰岛和俄罗斯冻湖的自驾之旅。
这些经历很美妙，但阿加瓦尔和马丹渴望在最新的旅程中尝试一些不同的东西。
阿加瓦尔说：“有很多游客想体验这种陆上旅游，但他们不想驾车。所以我们就想出了这个主意，让人们一起舒服地坐在巴士里进行长途旅游。于是前往伦敦的巴士项目就诞生了。”
首趟前往伦敦的巴士之旅将在2021年年中开启，届时可能会受到疫情管制措施的限制。
阿加瓦尔说：“踏上这一旅途的最佳时间是四月到六月之间，因为这段时间内的天气适合从印度出发前往缅甸，也适合跨越中国和吉尔吉斯斯坦的高山。”
不过，这趟旅程可不便宜。阿加瓦尔表示费用大约是2万美元（约合人民币13.7万元），但你可以选择只参加部分旅程，全程被划分为四段。
而且，你可以选择是从英国出发，还是从印度出发。一旦巴士抵达伦敦，从印度出发的乘客将乘飞机返回，而这辆巴士将调头回去，承载着20名新旅客开启回程之旅。
阿加瓦尔说：“这是一条经过反复考验的路线。”他强调说，这条路线被设计得尽可能安全，而且在过境时还会有当地导游加入来协助旅游后勤工作。
自从宣布这一想法后，阿加瓦尔和他的团队收到了从世界各地涌来的游客咨询信息，迄今为止已经有约4万人有兴趣参加。
inundate[ˈɪnʌndeɪt]: vt. 淹没；泛滥；（洪水般的）扑来
对于那些梦想入团参加70天探险之旅的人，阿加瓦尔建议他们带着“开放的思维”和“开阔的心胸”来开启这场冒险。
“这是一次改变人生的旅程，人们将永远铭记，也会永远珍藏这段记忆。”
英文来源：美国有线电视新闻网
翻译&编辑：丹妮 |
巴西著名旅游胜地费尔南多·迪诺罗尼亚群岛近日重新对游客开放，但其所在的伯南布哥州政府宣布，只有曾感染过新冠肺炎并康复的游客，才能上岛旅游。
A couple goes towards a beach in Fernando de Noronha Archipelago of Brazil, Sept 12, 2012.[Photo/Xinhua]
One of Brazil’s most celebrated tourist destinations, the paradisiacal archipelago of Fernando de Noronha, has announced it is reopening to outsiders – as long as they have had Covid-19.
巴西最著名的旅游目的地之一、天堂般的费尔南多·迪诺罗尼亚群岛宣布重新开放，然而只有曾经感染过新冠病毒的游客才能上岛旅游。
paradisiacal [,pærədɪ'saɪəkəl]：adj.乐园的；天堂的；天堂似的
Photo taken on Sept 13, 2012 shows a view of Fernando de Noronha Archipelago of Brazil.[Photo/Xinhua]
Tourists have been banned from the UNESCO World Heritage site, which Charles Darwin visited in 1832, since late March when the pandemic forced many parts of Brazil into partial shutdown.
这个岛被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产地，查尔斯·达尔文曾于1832年到访过这里。自从今年3月底新冠疫情迫使巴西许多地区部分关闭以来，该群岛一直禁止游客前往。
Since then more than 120,000 Brazilians have died, the world’s second highest death toll, and President Jair Bolsonaro faces accusations of catastrophically mismanaging the crisis by undermining containment measures.
自那时以来，巴西新冠肺炎死亡病例已超过12万例，居全球第二。巴西总统贾伊尔·博尔索纳罗面临着疫情管控措施不力、危机管理极其不善的指责。
Photo taken on Sept 13, 2012 shows a view of Fernando de Noronha Archipelago of Brazil.[Photo/Xinhua]
But from Tuesday visitors will be allowed into Fernando de Noronha, 211 miles off Brazil’s north-eastern coast, if they can prove they have been infected and recovered.
但从本周二（9月1日）开始，游客可以进入距巴西东北部海岸211英里（约合339公里）的费尔南多·迪诺罗尼亚群岛，前提是他们能证明自己曾经感染新冠病毒并康复。
The results of two types of test – PCR virus tests and IgG antibody tests – will be accepted if conducted at least 20 days before arrival.
游客需要出示至少20天前的PCR新冠病毒核酸检测结果，或者IgG抗体检测结果，才能获准登岛。
Guilherme Rocha, the archipelago’s administrator, said: “In this first stage of reopening, only tourists who have already had Covid and have recovered and are immune to the disease will be authorized [since] they can neither transmit it, nor be infected again.”
群岛的行政官员吉列尔梅·罗查说：“在重新开放的第一阶段，只有已经感染过病毒、并已康复且具有免疫力的游客才会被批准上岛，因为他们不会传播病毒，也不会再次被感染。”
Photo taken on Sept 12, 2012 shows a beach in Fernando de Noronha Archipelago of Brazil.[Photo/Xinhua]
Last week a man in Hong Kong was diagnosed with Covid-19 having recovered from it in March – the first lab-confirmed case of reinfection – suggesting immunity can be short-lived.
上周，中国香港一名男子确诊患上新冠肺炎，他曾感染新冠病毒并在3月份康复。这是首例实验室确诊的二次感染病例，表明人体对病毒的免疫力可能维持时间很短。
But some scientists caution against reading too much into that case and Rocha claimed the decision to reopen was grounded in science.
但是一些科学家提醒不要对这个病例进行过多解读，罗查声称重新开放的决定有科学依据。
“What we’ve seen is that these cases of reinfection are very rare and very debatable. There are doubts,” he said.
他说：“我们看到，这些二次感染的病例非常罕见，也很有争议。有些人对此表示怀疑。”
“The current understanding is that someone who has already had this disease is immune. So this is the protocol we are following.”
“目前的理解是，曾经患过新冠肺炎的人对这种疾病具有免疫力。我们也遵循了这一点。”
Fernando de Noronha – a spectacular chain of 21 islands, islets and volcanic outcrops in the Atlantic Ocean – is perhaps Brazil’s most hyped destination, famed for its emerald waters, idyllic beaches and well-heeled guests.
费尔南多·迪诺罗尼亚群岛位于大西洋，这个由21个岛屿、小岛和火山组成的壮观岛链也许是巴西最受追捧的旅游目的地，因其碧绿的海水、田园诗般的海滩和富有的游客而闻名。
islet[ˈaɪlət]：n.小岛
Rocha said it was visited by about 100,000 tourists each year, who must pay a daily tax to support conservation efforts.
罗查说，每年上岛的游客大约有10万名，这些游客必须每天缴税，以支持群岛的保护工作。
But the archipelago, whose only inhabited island has about 3,500 permanent residents, was closed to outsiders on 21 March, as coronavirus swept Brazil. In April, islanders who had left for the mainland were also barred. Locals were allowed back in late June after cases of community transmission were stamped out.
但是，随着新冠疫情席卷巴西，群岛已于3月21日对外界关闭。今年4月，岛民离岛前往大陆后也不允许返回岛上。在社区传播病例被扑灭后，当地居民于6月底获准返回。群岛中唯一有人居住的岛屿上有3500名常住居民。
“So far we have had zero deaths – precisely because of the controls introduced by the government,” Rocha said.
罗查说：“正是由于政府引入的控制措施，到目前为止我们的新冠肺炎死亡人数为零。”
Photo taken on Sept 13, 2012 shows a view of Fernando de Noronha Archipelago of Brazil.[Photo/Xinhua]
Rocha conceded this week’s reopening was not entirely risk-free. “But we are aiming for the smallest possible risk. And what is the smallest risk possible right now? What is the safest way? It’s reopening tourism on the island only for people who have already had Covid.”
罗查承认，这周的重新开放并非完全没有风险，“但我们的目标是把风险降到最低。现在可能出现的最小风险是什么？最安全的方法是什么？群岛只对已经感染过新冠肺炎的游客重新开放。”
He urged tourists to return to what he called an “exuberant” paradise in Brazil’s Pernambuco state.
他呼吁游客们回到他所说的巴西伯南布哥州的“生机盎然的天堂”。
“People fall in love with Noronha because of its unmatched natural beauty, which you can’t find anywhere else on Earth,” he said. “Fernando de Noronha is unique.”
他说：“人们爱上这里是因为它无与伦比的自然美景，你在地球上任何其他地方都无法看到。费尔南多·迪诺罗尼亚群岛独一无二。”
英文来源：卫报
翻译&编辑：yaning | A couple goes towards a beach in Fernando de Noronha Archipelago of Brazil, Sept 12, 2012.[Photo/Xinhua]
One of Brazil’s most celebrated tourist destinations, the paradisiacal archipelago of Fernando de Noronha, has announced it is reopening to outsiders – as long as they have had Covid-19.
Photo taken on Sept 13, 2012 shows a view of Fernando de Noronha Archipelago of Brazil.[Photo/Xinhua]
Tourists have been banned from the UNESCO World Heritage site, which Charles Darwin visited in 1832, since late March when the pandemic forced many parts of Brazil into partial shutdown.
Since then more than 120,000 Brazilians have died, the world’s second highest death toll, and President Jair Bolsonaro faces accusations of catastrophically mismanaging the crisis by undermining containment measures.
Photo taken on Sept 13, 2012 shows a view of Fernando de Noronha Archipelago of Brazil.[Photo/Xinhua]
But from Tuesday visitors will be allowed into Fernando de Noronha, 211 miles off Brazil’s north-eastern coast, if they can prove they have been infected and recovered.
The results of two types of test – PCR virus tests and IgG antibody tests – will be accepted if conducted at least 20 days before arrival.
Guilherme Rocha, the archipelago’s administrator, said: “In this first stage of reopening, only tourists who have already had Covid and have recovered and are immune to the disease will be authorized [since] they can neither transmit it, nor be infected again.”
Photo taken on Sept 12, 2012 shows a beach in Fernando de Noronha Archipelago of Brazil.[Photo/Xinhua]
Last week a man in Hong Kong was diagnosed with Covid-19 having recovered from it in March – the first lab-confirmed case of reinfection – suggesting immunity can be short-lived.
But some scientists caution against reading too much into that case and Rocha claimed the decision to reopen was grounded in science.
“What we’ve seen is that these cases of reinfection are very rare and very debatable. There are doubts,” he said.
“The current understanding is that someone who has already had this disease is immune. So this is the protocol we are following.”
Fernando de Noronha – a spectacular chain of 21 islands, islets and volcanic outcrops in the Atlantic Ocean – is perhaps Brazil’s most hyped destination, famed for its emerald waters, idyllic beaches and well-heeled guests.
Rocha said it was visited by about 100,000 tourists each year, who must pay a daily tax to support conservation efforts.
But the archipelago, whose only inhabited island has about 3,500 permanent residents, was closed to outsiders on 21 March, as coronavirus swept Brazil. In April, islanders who had left for the mainland were also barred. Locals were allowed back in late June after cases of community transmission were stamped out.
“So far we have had zero deaths – precisely because of the controls introduced by the government,” Rocha said.
Photo taken on Sept 13, 2012 shows a view of Fernando de Noronha Archipelago of Brazil.[Photo/Xinhua]
Rocha conceded this week’s reopening was not entirely risk-free. “But we are aiming for the smallest possible risk. And what is the smallest risk possible right now? What is the safest way? It’s reopening tourism on the island only for people who have already had Covid.”
He urged tourists to return to what he called an “exuberant” paradise in Brazil’s Pernambuco state.
“People fall in love with Noronha because of its unmatched natural beauty, which you can’t find anywhere else on Earth,” he said. “Fernando de Noronha is unique.” | 巴西著名旅游胜地费尔南多·迪诺罗尼亚群岛近日重新对游客开放，但其所在的伯南布哥州政府宣布，只有曾感染过新冠肺炎并康复的游客，才能上岛旅游。
巴西最著名的旅游目的地之一、天堂般的费尔南多·迪诺罗尼亚群岛宣布重新开放，然而只有曾经感染过新冠病毒的游客才能上岛旅游。
paradisiacal [,pærədɪ'saɪəkəl]：adj.乐园的；天堂的；天堂似的
这个岛被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产地，查尔斯·达尔文曾于1832年到访过这里。自从今年3月底新冠疫情迫使巴西许多地区部分关闭以来，该群岛一直禁止游客前往。
自那时以来，巴西新冠肺炎死亡病例已超过12万例，居全球第二。巴西总统贾伊尔·博尔索纳罗面临着疫情管控措施不力、危机管理极其不善的指责。
但从本周二（9月1日）开始，游客可以进入距巴西东北部海岸211英里（约合339公里）的费尔南多·迪诺罗尼亚群岛，前提是他们能证明自己曾经感染新冠病毒并康复。
游客需要出示至少20天前的PCR新冠病毒核酸检测结果，或者IgG抗体检测结果，才能获准登岛。
群岛的行政官员吉列尔梅·罗查说：“在重新开放的第一阶段，只有已经感染过病毒、并已康复且具有免疫力的游客才会被批准上岛，因为他们不会传播病毒，也不会再次被感染。”
上周，中国香港一名男子确诊患上新冠肺炎，他曾感染新冠病毒并在3月份康复。这是首例实验室确诊的二次感染病例，表明人体对病毒的免疫力可能维持时间很短。
但是一些科学家提醒不要对这个病例进行过多解读，罗查声称重新开放的决定有科学依据。
他说：“我们看到，这些二次感染的病例非常罕见，也很有争议。有些人对此表示怀疑。”
“目前的理解是，曾经患过新冠肺炎的人对这种疾病具有免疫力。我们也遵循了这一点。”
费尔南多·迪诺罗尼亚群岛位于大西洋，这个由21个岛屿、小岛和火山组成的壮观岛链也许是巴西最受追捧的旅游目的地，因其碧绿的海水、田园诗般的海滩和富有的游客而闻名。
islet[ˈaɪlət]：n.小岛
罗查说，每年上岛的游客大约有10万名，这些游客必须每天缴税，以支持群岛的保护工作。
但是，随着新冠疫情席卷巴西，群岛已于3月21日对外界关闭。今年4月，岛民离岛前往大陆后也不允许返回岛上。在社区传播病例被扑灭后，当地居民于6月底获准返回。群岛中唯一有人居住的岛屿上有3500名常住居民。
罗查说：“正是由于政府引入的控制措施，到目前为止我们的新冠肺炎死亡人数为零。”
罗查承认，这周的重新开放并非完全没有风险，“但我们的目标是把风险降到最低。现在可能出现的最小风险是什么？最安全的方法是什么？群岛只对已经感染过新冠肺炎的游客重新开放。”
他呼吁游客们回到他所说的巴西伯南布哥州的“生机盎然的天堂”。
他说：“人们爱上这里是因为它无与伦比的自然美景，你在地球上任何其他地方都无法看到。费尔南多·迪诺罗尼亚群岛独一无二。”
英文来源：卫报
翻译&编辑：yaning |
null | null | null |
美国亚拉巴马大学开学两周，已有超过1200名学生和166名教职员工确诊感染新冠病毒。而一项最新调查显示，47%的美国教师表示在过去一个月内曾考虑做出工作方面的改变，包括请假、退休、改行等。
Students play football outside of the Ohio State university football facilities as the Big Ten postpones their 2020-21 fall sports season, citing coronavirus disease (COVID-19) concerns in Columbus, Ohio, US, August 11, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
As of Saturday, more than 1,200 students and 166 employees and staff have tested positive for COVID-19 at the University of Alabama.
截至上周六（8月29日），美国亚拉巴马大学已有超过1200名学生和166名教职员工确诊感染新冠病毒。
Positive tests among students have more than doubled since the university unveiled its COVID-19 tracking dashboard last week. The dashboard, which includes case counts, positivity rates, isolation and space occupancy, is similar to what many state health departments use to report coronavirus data to the public.
自该校上周推出新冠肺炎跟踪记录表以来，学生中病毒检测呈阳性的人数增加了一倍多。与许多州卫生部门向公众报告新冠病毒数据的方法类似，记录表中的数据包括病例计数、阳性率、隔离和空间占用率。
People walk in front of a recently opened store as Manhattan enters Phase 2 of re-opening following restrictions imposed to curb the coronavirus pandemic in New York City, on June 22, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
"The rise we've seen in recent days is unacceptable, and if unchecked, threatens our ability to complete the rest of the semester on campus," University of Alabama president Stuart Bell said at a press conference last week. "Now is the time for action."
亚拉巴马大学校长斯图尔特·贝尔在上周的新闻发布会上表示：“近几天我们看到的感染人数上升是不可接受的，如果不加以控制，我们可能将无法完成本学期的在校课程。是时候采取行动了。”
In recent days, students have shared photos on social media of crowds and lines outside of bars in Tuscaloosa, where the university is located. Tuscaloosa Mayor Walt Maddox responded by issuing an executive order to close bars for 14 days, from Aug. 24 to Sept. 8.
近日，学生们在社交媒体上分享了该校所在的塔斯卡卢萨市酒吧外人群和排长队的照片。该市市长沃尔特·马多克斯对此作出回应，下令全市酒吧8月24日至9月8日停业14天。
"Based on my discussions with the University over the past 48 hours, the ever-increasing number of coronavirus cases on campus will create major disruptions for Tuscaloosa if left unabated," Maddox said at the Monday news conference.
马多克斯在上周一的新闻发布会上说：“根据我在过去48小时内与学校的讨论，校园内不断增加的新冠肺炎病例如果不降下去，将给塔斯卡卢萨市造成严重的影响。”
unabated [ˌʌnəˈbeɪtɪd]：adj.不减弱的，不衰退的
While many universities have opted for remote-only learning because of the pandemic, large outbreaks linked to colleges and universities have been increasingly commonplace at schools that encouraged students to return to campus. In addition to the University of Alabama, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, the University of Notre Dame and the University of Central Florida are among the schools reporting spikes in COVID-19 infections among students and staff.
尽管许多大学因为新冠疫情选择了只进行远程教学，但在鼓励学生重返校园的学校里，高校大规模疫情暴发已越来越普遍。除亚拉巴马大学外，北卡罗来纳大学教堂山分校、圣母大学和中佛罗里达大学也报告了学生和教职员工中新冠病毒感染病例激增的情况。
Alabama had recorded at least 113,700 COVID-19 cases and more than 2,000 deaths linked to the virus, according to the state health department.
亚拉巴马州卫生部门的数据显示，该州新冠肺炎确诊病例至少达11万3700例，2000多人因此死亡。
Social distancing dividers for students are seen in a classroom at St. Benedict School, amid the outbreak of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), in Montebello, near Los Angeles, California, US, July 14, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
47%
的美国教师想要请假、退休，或者改行
While many of the country’s largest public school districts, including Los Angeles, Chicago and Houston, have opted to stay virtual through the end of 2020, many rural and suburban communities are experiencing the whiplash of planned reopenings, then abrupt closings. Georgia’s Cherokee County School District currently has 1,200 teachers and students quarantined because of the coronavirus.
尽管洛杉矶、芝加哥和休斯顿等地的许多最大的公立学区都选择在年底之前一直采取在线教学方式，但许多农村和郊区社区正经历着按计划重新开放校园的冲击，之后又因疫情突然关闭。由于新冠病毒感染，乔治亚州切罗基县学区目前有1200名师生被隔离。
Amid this tumultuous environment, nearly half (47%) of educators said that they had considered making a job-related change in the last month including taking a leave of absence, retiring, or changing their career, according to a new survey released Friday morning. Seventeen percent of teachers contemplated pivoting professions entirely.
上周五上午公布的一项新调查显示，在这种混乱的环境下，近半数（47%）的教师表示，他们在过去一个月里考虑过做出工作方面的改变，包括请假、退休、或者改行。17%的教师考虑过彻底改行。
tumultuous [tjuːˈmʌltʃuəs]：adj.吵闹的；骚乱的；狂暴的
Teachers Pay Teachers (TpT) surveyed 1,200 Pre-K to grade 12 teachers online between August 19-21.
学习资源网站TpT在8月19日至21日期间对1200名学前教育到12年级阶段的教师进行了在线调查。
Thirty-two percent of survey respondents said that their morale was low, while 24% indicated morale was high, likely reflecting the eagerness to return closer to normalcy than the spring semester.
32%的受访者说，他们情绪低落，无心教学。24%的受访者表示情绪很高，这可能反映出他们对重返常态的渴望比春季学期时更强烈。
Of course, the outbreaks in individual schools are merely a microcosm of the town or city at large.
当然，个别学校的疫情暴发只是整个城镇或城市的一个缩影。
“The most important thing is that we need control in our communities...Anywhere there's virus circulating, where you have test positivity above 3% or 5%, as we're seeing in a lot of places in this country, it's going to be really hard to keep schools open,”Dr. Craig Spencer, an emergency medicine physician and director of Global Health and Emergency Medicine at Columbia University, recently told Yahoo Finance.
急诊医生、哥伦比亚大学全球健康和急诊医学主任克雷格•斯宾塞博士最近告诉雅虎财经说：“最重要的是我们需要控制社区感染……任何有病毒传染、病毒阳性检测率高于3%或5%的地方很难保持学校开放，正如我们在美国很多地方看到的那样。”
英文来源：abcnews、AOL
翻译&编辑：yaning | Students play football outside of the Ohio State university football facilities as the Big Ten postpones their 2020-21 fall sports season, citing coronavirus disease (COVID-19) concerns in Columbus, Ohio, US, August 11, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
As of Saturday, more than 1,200 students and 166 employees and staff have tested positive for COVID-19 at the University of Alabama.
Positive tests among students have more than doubled since the university unveiled its COVID-19 tracking dashboard last week. The dashboard, which includes case counts, positivity rates, isolation and space occupancy, is similar to what many state health departments use to report coronavirus data to the public.
People walk in front of a recently opened store as Manhattan enters Phase 2 of re-opening following restrictions imposed to curb the coronavirus pandemic in New York City, on June 22, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
"The rise we've seen in recent days is unacceptable, and if unchecked, threatens our ability to complete the rest of the semester on campus," University of Alabama president Stuart Bell said at a press conference last week. "Now is the time for action."
In recent days, students have shared photos on social media of crowds and lines outside of bars in Tuscaloosa, where the university is located. Tuscaloosa Mayor Walt Maddox responded by issuing an executive order to close bars for 14 days, from Aug. 24 to Sept. 8.
"Based on my discussions with the University over the past 48 hours, the ever-increasing number of coronavirus cases on campus will create major disruptions for Tuscaloosa if left unabated," Maddox said at the Monday news conference.
While many universities have opted for remote-only learning because of the pandemic, large outbreaks linked to colleges and universities have been increasingly commonplace at schools that encouraged students to return to campus. In addition to the University of Alabama, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, the University of Notre Dame and the University of Central Florida are among the schools reporting spikes in COVID-19 infections among students and staff.
Alabama had recorded at least 113,700 COVID-19 cases and more than 2,000 deaths linked to the virus, according to the state health department.
Social distancing dividers for students are seen in a classroom at St. Benedict School, amid the outbreak of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), in Montebello, near Los Angeles, California, US, July 14, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
47%
While many of the country’s largest public school districts, including Los Angeles, Chicago and Houston, have opted to stay virtual through the end of 2020, many rural and suburban communities are experiencing the whiplash of planned reopenings, then abrupt closings. Georgia’s Cherokee County School District currently has 1,200 teachers and students quarantined because of the coronavirus.
Amid this tumultuous environment, nearly half (47%) of educators said that they had considered making a job-related change in the last month including taking a leave of absence, retiring, or changing their career, according to a new survey released Friday morning. Seventeen percent of teachers contemplated pivoting professions entirely.
Teachers Pay Teachers (TpT) surveyed 1,200 Pre-K to grade 12 teachers online between August 19-21.
Thirty-two percent of survey respondents said that their morale was low, while 24% indicated morale was high, likely reflecting the eagerness to return closer to normalcy than the spring semester.
Of course, the outbreaks in individual schools are merely a microcosm of the town or city at large.
“The most important thing is that we need control in our communities...Anywhere there's virus circulating, where you have test positivity above 3% or 5%, as we're seeing in a lot of places in this country, it's going to be really hard to keep schools open,”Dr. Craig Spencer, an emergency medicine physician and director of Global Health and Emergency Medicine at Columbia University, recently told Yahoo Finance. | 美国亚拉巴马大学开学两周，已有超过1200名学生和166名教职员工确诊感染新冠病毒。而一项最新调查显示，47%的美国教师表示在过去一个月内曾考虑做出工作方面的改变，包括请假、退休、改行等。
截至上周六（8月29日），美国亚拉巴马大学已有超过1200名学生和166名教职员工确诊感染新冠病毒。
自该校上周推出新冠肺炎跟踪记录表以来，学生中病毒检测呈阳性的人数增加了一倍多。与许多州卫生部门向公众报告新冠病毒数据的方法类似，记录表中的数据包括病例计数、阳性率、隔离和空间占用率。
亚拉巴马大学校长斯图尔特·贝尔在上周的新闻发布会上表示：“近几天我们看到的感染人数上升是不可接受的，如果不加以控制，我们可能将无法完成本学期的在校课程。是时候采取行动了。”
近日，学生们在社交媒体上分享了该校所在的塔斯卡卢萨市酒吧外人群和排长队的照片。该市市长沃尔特·马多克斯对此作出回应，下令全市酒吧8月24日至9月8日停业14天。
马多克斯在上周一的新闻发布会上说：“根据我在过去48小时内与学校的讨论，校园内不断增加的新冠肺炎病例如果不降下去，将给塔斯卡卢萨市造成严重的影响。”
unabated [ˌʌnəˈbeɪtɪd]：adj.不减弱的，不衰退的
尽管许多大学因为新冠疫情选择了只进行远程教学，但在鼓励学生重返校园的学校里，高校大规模疫情暴发已越来越普遍。除亚拉巴马大学外，北卡罗来纳大学教堂山分校、圣母大学和中佛罗里达大学也报告了学生和教职员工中新冠病毒感染病例激增的情况。
亚拉巴马州卫生部门的数据显示，该州新冠肺炎确诊病例至少达11万3700例，2000多人因此死亡。
的美国教师想要请假、退休，或者改行
尽管洛杉矶、芝加哥和休斯顿等地的许多最大的公立学区都选择在年底之前一直采取在线教学方式，但许多农村和郊区社区正经历着按计划重新开放校园的冲击，之后又因疫情突然关闭。由于新冠病毒感染，乔治亚州切罗基县学区目前有1200名师生被隔离。
上周五上午公布的一项新调查显示，在这种混乱的环境下，近半数（47%）的教师表示，他们在过去一个月里考虑过做出工作方面的改变，包括请假、退休、或者改行。17%的教师考虑过彻底改行。
tumultuous [tjuːˈmʌltʃuəs]：adj.吵闹的；骚乱的；狂暴的
学习资源网站TpT在8月19日至21日期间对1200名学前教育到12年级阶段的教师进行了在线调查。
32%的受访者说，他们情绪低落，无心教学。24%的受访者表示情绪很高，这可能反映出他们对重返常态的渴望比春季学期时更强烈。
当然，个别学校的疫情暴发只是整个城镇或城市的一个缩影。
急诊医生、哥伦比亚大学全球健康和急诊医学主任克雷格•斯宾塞博士最近告诉雅虎财经说：“最重要的是我们需要控制社区感染……任何有病毒传染、病毒阳性检测率高于3%或5%的地方很难保持学校开放，正如我们在美国很多地方看到的那样。”
英文来源：abcnews、AOL
翻译&编辑：yaning |
汽车满天飞的画面距离我们越来越近了。虽然比电影《回到未来2》中预言的时间晚了五年，但人类终于还是造出了可以安全上天的飞行汽车。日本Sky Drive公司宣布已经成功测试载人飞行汽车，而且计划三年后正式推出。
The SD-03 flying car
A Japanese company has announced the successful test drive of a flying car.
一家日本公司宣布成功完成了一款飞行汽车的测试。
Sky Drive Inc. conducted the public demonstration on August 25, the company said in a news release, at the Toyota Test Field, one of the largest in Japan and home to the car company's development base. It was the first public demonstration for a flying car in Japanese history.
Sky Drive公司在一份新闻稿中宣称，8月25日，该公司在丰田试验场进行了飞行汽车的公开展示。丰田试验场是日本最大的汽车试验场之一，也是该公司的研发母基地。这是日本有史以来第一次公开展示飞行汽车。
The car, named SD-03, manned with a pilot, took off and circled the field for about four minutes.
这款名为SD-03的汽车由飞行员驾驶起飞后绕着试验场飞行了大约四分钟。
视频来源：央视网快看
"We are extremely excited to have achieved Japan's first-ever manned flight of a flying car in the two years since we founded SkyDrive... with the goal of commercializing such aircraft," CEO Tomohiro Fukuzawa said in a statement.
该公司的首席执行官福泽智博在一份声明中称：“在我们创立SkyDrive两年后，实现了日本飞行汽车的首次载人飞行，这让我们感到非常激动……我们的目标是实现这种飞行汽车的商业化。”
"We want to realize a society where flying cars are an accessible and convenient means of transportation in the skies and people are able to experience a safe, secure, and comfortable new way of life."
“我们希望在未来的社会中，飞行汽车能够成为便利可用的空中交通工具，人们可以体验安全、可靠和舒适的新生活方式。”
The SD-03 is the world's smallest electric vertical takeoff and landing vehicle and takes up the space of about two parked cars, according to the company. It has eight motors to ensure "safety in emergency situations."
该公司称，SD-03飞行汽车是世界上最小的垂直升降电动车，大约要占据两辆普通汽车停放的空间。SD-03配备了8个发动机，以保证“紧急情况下的安全”。
"In designing an unexplored, new genre of transportation known as the flying car, we chose the keyword "progressive" for inspiration," Design Director Takumi Yamamot said.
设计主管山本濯水称：“在设计飞行汽车这种前所未有的新交通工具时，我们选择了‘前卫’这个关键词作为灵感来源。”
"We wanted this vehicle to be futuristic, charismatic and desirable for all future customers, while fully incorporating the high technology of SkyDrive."
“我们想让这款飞行汽车具有未来主义风格和超凡魅力，让未来所有的客户心生向往，同时又能充分整合SkyDrive公司的高科技。”
The company hopes to make the flying car a part of normal life and not just a commodity. More test flights will occur in the future under different conditions to make sure the safety and technology of the vehicle meet industry standards.
该公司希望能让飞行汽车成为正常生活的一部分，而不只是一件商品。未来他们还将在不同条件下进行更多飞行测试，以确保这款汽车的安全性和技术水平达到工业标准。
The success of this flight means that it is likely the car will be tested outside of the Toyota Test field by the end of the year.
这次试飞的成功意味着年底前这款汽车可能会在丰田试验场以外的地方进行测试。
The company will continue to develop technologies to safely and securely launch the flying car in 2023, the news release said. No price has been announced.
新闻稿中写道，该公司将继续开发新技术，以实现在2023年安全可靠地推出飞行汽车。目前尚未公布价格。
英文来源：美国有线电视新闻网
翻译&编辑：丹妮 | The SD-03 flying car
A Japanese company has announced the successful test drive of a flying car.
Sky Drive Inc. conducted the public demonstration on August 25, the company said in a news release, at the Toyota Test Field, one of the largest in Japan and home to the car company's development base. It was the first public demonstration for a flying car in Japanese history.
The car, named SD-03, manned with a pilot, took off and circled the field for about four minutes.
"We are extremely excited to have achieved Japan's first-ever manned flight of a flying car in the two years since we founded SkyDrive... with the goal of commercializing such aircraft," CEO Tomohiro Fukuzawa said in a statement.
"We want to realize a society where flying cars are an accessible and convenient means of transportation in the skies and people are able to experience a safe, secure, and comfortable new way of life."
The SD-03 is the world's smallest electric vertical takeoff and landing vehicle and takes up the space of about two parked cars, according to the company. It has eight motors to ensure "safety in emergency situations."
"In designing an unexplored, new genre of transportation known as the flying car, we chose the keyword "progressive" for inspiration," Design Director Takumi Yamamot said.
"We wanted this vehicle to be futuristic, charismatic and desirable for all future customers, while fully incorporating the high technology of SkyDrive."
The company hopes to make the flying car a part of normal life and not just a commodity. More test flights will occur in the future under different conditions to make sure the safety and technology of the vehicle meet industry standards.
The success of this flight means that it is likely the car will be tested outside of the Toyota Test field by the end of the year.
The company will continue to develop technologies to safely and securely launch the flying car in 2023, the news release said. No price has been announced. | 汽车满天飞的画面距离我们越来越近了。虽然比电影《回到未来2》中预言的时间晚了五年，但人类终于还是造出了可以安全上天的飞行汽车。日本Sky Drive公司宣布已经成功测试载人飞行汽车，而且计划三年后正式推出。
一家日本公司宣布成功完成了一款飞行汽车的测试。
Sky Drive公司在一份新闻稿中宣称，8月25日，该公司在丰田试验场进行了飞行汽车的公开展示。丰田试验场是日本最大的汽车试验场之一，也是该公司的研发母基地。这是日本有史以来第一次公开展示飞行汽车。
这款名为SD-03的汽车由飞行员驾驶起飞后绕着试验场飞行了大约四分钟。
视频来源：央视网快看
该公司的首席执行官福泽智博在一份声明中称：“在我们创立SkyDrive两年后，实现了日本飞行汽车的首次载人飞行，这让我们感到非常激动……我们的目标是实现这种飞行汽车的商业化。”
“我们希望在未来的社会中，飞行汽车能够成为便利可用的空中交通工具，人们可以体验安全、可靠和舒适的新生活方式。”
该公司称，SD-03飞行汽车是世界上最小的垂直升降电动车，大约要占据两辆普通汽车停放的空间。SD-03配备了8个发动机，以保证“紧急情况下的安全”。
设计主管山本濯水称：“在设计飞行汽车这种前所未有的新交通工具时，我们选择了‘前卫’这个关键词作为灵感来源。”
“我们想让这款飞行汽车具有未来主义风格和超凡魅力，让未来所有的客户心生向往，同时又能充分整合SkyDrive公司的高科技。”
该公司希望能让飞行汽车成为正常生活的一部分，而不只是一件商品。未来他们还将在不同条件下进行更多飞行测试，以确保这款汽车的安全性和技术水平达到工业标准。
这次试飞的成功意味着年底前这款汽车可能会在丰田试验场以外的地方进行测试。
新闻稿中写道，该公司将继续开发新技术，以实现在2023年安全可靠地推出飞行汽车。目前尚未公布价格。
英文来源：美国有线电视新闻网
翻译&编辑：丹妮 |
闭门多时的影院近期陆续开放，上映时间一推再推的电影也终于要和观众见面了。九月份的电影既有期待已久的大片——诺兰导演的《信条》、刘亦菲主演的《花木兰》，也有戏骨云集的人物传记片《格洛丽亚在路上》和荷兰弟主演的惊悚片《神弃之地》。千万不要错过！
Tenet
still (Credit: Warner Bros)
Tenet
《信条》
If any film is going to tempt crowds back to cinemas, it’s Christopher Nolan’s
Tenet
, a brain-frying science-fiction blockbuster with a high concept and a higher budget. John David Washington stars as a secret agent who learns about mysterious weapons that move backwards through time, and then dashes off on a mission to find the man responsible, a sadistic Ukrainian arms dealer played by Kenneth Branagh. Tenet is a Bond movie that squeezes
Back to the Future 2
and
Edge of Tomorrow
into its last act. After six months with almost no new films in cinemas, it’s good to see a film so crammed with exotic locations, snazzy costumes, shoot-outs and explosions that you get six months’ worth of entertainment in two and a half hours.
如果说有哪部电影可以吸引大众回归影院，那就是克里斯多夫·诺兰的《信条》，这是一部成本超高的高概念烧脑科幻大片。约翰·大卫·华盛顿在片中饰演一位特工，他得知可以令时间倒流的秘密武器后，就火速开始了寻找罪魁祸首的任务，后者是肯尼思·布莱纳格饰演的一名残酷成性的乌克兰军火商。《信条》本质上是一部007电影，结局是《回到未来2》和《明日边缘》的集合体。在经历了几乎没有新片上映的六个月后，能看到一部充满异国风情、新潮服饰、枪战和爆炸场面的电影真是棒极了，在两个半小时内就过足了六个月的瘾。
On general release now, and in the US and Russia on 3 September
该片现在已全面上映，9月3日在美国和俄罗斯上映。
Mulan
still (Credit: Disney)
Mulan
《花木兰》
Has there ever been a longer gap between a film’s premiere and its general release?
Mulan
had its red-carpet gala in Los Angeles on 9 March, but then... well, we all know what happened next. Its release was postponed and postponed again, and now at last Niki Caro’s live-action remake of the 1998 cartoon is being shown on Disney Plus for a premium fee. It will go down in history as the first major film to go straight to the company’s new streaming channel, but it’s a shame that it won’t be on the big screen. Judging by the trailers,
Mulan
will have some huge battle scenes and spectacular mountain scenery, as a Chinese girl (Yifei Liu) disguised as a man proves herself in the emperor’s army.
还有一部电影的首映式和发行期的间隔时间比《花木兰》更长的吗？《花木兰》于3月9日举行了红毯首映礼，然后……大家都知道发生了什么。妮基·卡罗导演的这部翻拍自1998年动画的真人电影上映日期一再推迟，最后改成在Disney+平台上付费点播。该片将成为史上第一部直接在迪士尼新流媒体渠道播放的大片，但很可惜它不会在电影院上映。从预告片来看，这部电影中将出现一些宏大的战争场面和壮观的山川美景，刘亦菲饰演的中国女孩花木兰将假扮成男子在皇帝的军队中证明自己的实力。
On Disney+ from 4 September
该片将于9月4日在流媒体平台Disney+上线。
The Glorias
still (Credit: Amazon Prime)
The Glorias
《格洛丽亚在路上》
Gloria Steinem’s life and work are too much for one actress. Already this year, the trailblazing activist and journalist has been played by Rose Byrne in the
Mrs America
TV series. And now, in an ambitious biopic directed by Julie Taymor (
Frida
,
Across the Universe
), she is embodied at different ages by Julianne Moore, Alicia Vikander, Lulu Wilson and Ryan Kiera Armstrong. There are even fantasy sequences in which the various Glorias meet and chat about their decades of learning and campaigning. Film trivia footnote: Steinem’s stepson is Christian Bale.
格洛丽亚·斯泰纳姆的生活和工作不是一名女演员就能充分展现的。在今年的电视剧《美国夫人》中，罗斯·波恩已经饰演过这位开拓性的活动家兼记者。如今，曾执导过《弗里达》和《纵横宇宙》的朱丽·泰莫也导演了一部雄心勃勃的格洛丽亚传记电影。在这部新片中，朱丽安·摩尔、艾丽西亚·维坎德、露露·威尔逊和赖恩·基拉·阿姆斯特朗分别饰演了不同年龄段的格洛丽亚。电影中甚至出现了几个不同的格洛丽亚会面和谈论各自十年间的学习和活动的幻想片段。顺便说一个小花絮：格洛丽亚的继子是克里斯蒂安·贝尔。
On Amazon Prime in the US and Canada from 30 September
该片将于9月30日在美国和加拿大的亚马逊Prime上线。
trailblazing [ˈtreɪlbleɪzɪŋ]: adj. 开拓性的
Kajillionaire
still (Credit: Focus Features)
Kajillionaire
《卡吉丽昂》
A crime caper with a difference – well, quite a few differences –
Kajillionaire
is the first offbeat but heartfelt comedy from Miranda July (
Me and You and Everyone We Know
,
The Future
) in almost a decade. Evan Rachel Wood plays a twenty-something who has been raised by her parents (Richard Jenkins and Debra Winger) to be a small-time crook in Los Angeles. Like the families in
Parasite
and
Shoplifters
, the trio devotes its days to cheating and stealing, but is still stuck in poverty. Things change when the woman makes a new friend (Gina Rodriguez).
《卡吉丽昂》是一个不太一样的犯罪惊险喜剧片，事实上是相当不一样。它是米兰达·朱莱（执导过《爱情你我他》和《将来》）近十年来导演的第一部离奇又洋溢着真情实感的喜剧。埃文·蕾切尔·伍德在片中饰演一位二十多岁的女子，她的父母（理查德·詹金斯和德博拉·温格饰演）将其培养成洛杉矶的一个小骗子。和电影《寄生虫》与《小偷家族》中的家庭一样，这三个人每天都致力于骗和偷，但仍然陷于贫困中。当这名女子结识了一个新朋友（吉娜·罗德里格兹饰演）后，情况改变了。
Released on 18 September in the US and 30 Sept in France
该片将于9月18日在美国上映，9月30日在法国上映。
caper [ˈkeɪpər]: n. 惊险喜剧片
The Devil All The Time
still (Credit: Netflix)
The Devil All the Time
《神弃之地》
Antonio Campos has packed his feverish backwoods gothic thriller with one of the year’s coolest casts. Adapted from Donald Ray Pollock’s award-winning novel,
The Devil All the Time
charts the crime and corruption in a small religious community in Knockemstiff, Ohio (yes, that’s a real place) between World War Two and the Vietnam War. Tom Holland is a dirt-poor youth who is pushed towards violence, Riley Keough is the beauty queen, Sebastian Stan is a crooked sheriff, and Mia Wasikowska and Bill Skarsgård are also in the mix. But the performance that could get people talking is Robert ‘The Batman’ Pattinson’s wild-eyed turn as a villainous preacher.
安东尼奥·坎波斯在这部发生在偏远之地的狂热的哥特式惊险电影中动用了今年最酷的演员阵容。《神弃之地》改编自唐纳德·雷·波拉克的获奖小说，描写了二战至越南战争期间俄亥俄州诺肯斯蒂夫市（没错，这是一个真实地点）一个宗教小团体的犯罪和腐败。汤姆·赫兰德饰演一位被迫采取暴力的一贫如洗的年轻人，莱莉·科奥饰演选美皇后，塞巴斯蒂安·斯坦饰演腐败的警长，米娅·华希科沃斯卡和比尔·斯卡斯加德也参演了本片。但是最有话题性的角色是“蝙蝠侠”罗伯特·帕丁森饰演的眼球充血的邪恶传教士。
On Netflix from 16 September
该片将于9月16日在奈飞网站上线。
英文来源：BBC
翻译&编辑：丹妮 | Tenet
still (Credit: Warner Bros)
Tenet
If any film is going to tempt crowds back to cinemas, it’s Christopher Nolan’s
Tenet
, a brain-frying science-fiction blockbuster with a high concept and a higher budget. John David Washington stars as a secret agent who learns about mysterious weapons that move backwards through time, and then dashes off on a mission to find the man responsible, a sadistic Ukrainian arms dealer played by Kenneth Branagh. Tenet is a Bond movie that squeezes
Back to the Future 2
and
Edge of Tomorrow
into its last act. After six months with almost no new films in cinemas, it’s good to see a film so crammed with exotic locations, snazzy costumes, shoot-outs and explosions that you get six months’ worth of entertainment in two and a half hours.
On general release now, and in the US and Russia on 3 September
Mulan
still (Credit: Disney)
Mulan
Has there ever been a longer gap between a film’s premiere and its general release?
Mulan
had its red-carpet gala in Los Angeles on 9 March, but then... well, we all know what happened next. Its release was postponed and postponed again, and now at last Niki Caro’s live-action remake of the 1998 cartoon is being shown on Disney Plus for a premium fee. It will go down in history as the first major film to go straight to the company’s new streaming channel, but it’s a shame that it won’t be on the big screen. Judging by the trailers,
Mulan
will have some huge battle scenes and spectacular mountain scenery, as a Chinese girl (Yifei Liu) disguised as a man proves herself in the emperor’s army.
On Disney+ from 4 September
The Glorias
still (Credit: Amazon Prime)
The Glorias
Gloria Steinem’s life and work are too much for one actress. Already this year, the trailblazing activist and journalist has been played by Rose Byrne in the
Mrs America
TV series. And now, in an ambitious biopic directed by Julie Taymor (
Frida
,
Across the Universe
), she is embodied at different ages by Julianne Moore, Alicia Vikander, Lulu Wilson and Ryan Kiera Armstrong. There are even fantasy sequences in which the various Glorias meet and chat about their decades of learning and campaigning. Film trivia footnote: Steinem’s stepson is Christian Bale.
On Amazon Prime in the US and Canada from 30 September
Kajillionaire
still (Credit: Focus Features)
Kajillionaire
A crime caper with a difference – well, quite a few differences –
Kajillionaire
is the first offbeat but heartfelt comedy from Miranda July (
Me and You and Everyone We Know
,
The Future
) in almost a decade. Evan Rachel Wood plays a twenty-something who has been raised by her parents (Richard Jenkins and Debra Winger) to be a small-time crook in Los Angeles. Like the families in
Parasite
and
Shoplifters
, the trio devotes its days to cheating and stealing, but is still stuck in poverty. Things change when the woman makes a new friend (Gina Rodriguez).
Released on 18 September in the US and 30 Sept in France
The Devil All The Time
still (Credit: Netflix)
The Devil All the Time
Antonio Campos has packed his feverish backwoods gothic thriller with one of the year’s coolest casts. Adapted from Donald Ray Pollock’s award-winning novel,
The Devil All the Time
On Netflix from 16 September | 闭门多时的影院近期陆续开放，上映时间一推再推的电影也终于要和观众见面了。九月份的电影既有期待已久的大片——诺兰导演的《信条》、刘亦菲主演的《花木兰》，也有戏骨云集的人物传记片《格洛丽亚在路上》和荷兰弟主演的惊悚片《神弃之地》。千万不要错过！
《信条》
如果说有哪部电影可以吸引大众回归影院，那就是克里斯多夫·诺兰的《信条》，这是一部成本超高的高概念烧脑科幻大片。约翰·大卫·华盛顿在片中饰演一位特工，他得知可以令时间倒流的秘密武器后，就火速开始了寻找罪魁祸首的任务，后者是肯尼思·布莱纳格饰演的一名残酷成性的乌克兰军火商。《信条》本质上是一部007电影，结局是《回到未来2》和《明日边缘》的集合体。在经历了几乎没有新片上映的六个月后，能看到一部充满异国风情、新潮服饰、枪战和爆炸场面的电影真是棒极了，在两个半小时内就过足了六个月的瘾。
该片现在已全面上映，9月3日在美国和俄罗斯上映。
《花木兰》
还有一部电影的首映式和发行期的间隔时间比《花木兰》更长的吗？《花木兰》于3月9日举行了红毯首映礼，然后……大家都知道发生了什么。妮基·卡罗导演的这部翻拍自1998年动画的真人电影上映日期一再推迟，最后改成在Disney+平台上付费点播。该片将成为史上第一部直接在迪士尼新流媒体渠道播放的大片，但很可惜它不会在电影院上映。从预告片来看，这部电影中将出现一些宏大的战争场面和壮观的山川美景，刘亦菲饰演的中国女孩花木兰将假扮成男子在皇帝的军队中证明自己的实力。
该片将于9月4日在流媒体平台Disney+上线。
《格洛丽亚在路上》
格洛丽亚·斯泰纳姆的生活和工作不是一名女演员就能充分展现的。在今年的电视剧《美国夫人》中，罗斯·波恩已经饰演过这位开拓性的活动家兼记者。如今，曾执导过《弗里达》和《纵横宇宙》的朱丽·泰莫也导演了一部雄心勃勃的格洛丽亚传记电影。在这部新片中，朱丽安·摩尔、艾丽西亚·维坎德、露露·威尔逊和赖恩·基拉·阿姆斯特朗分别饰演了不同年龄段的格洛丽亚。电影中甚至出现了几个不同的格洛丽亚会面和谈论各自十年间的学习和活动的幻想片段。顺便说一个小花絮：格洛丽亚的继子是克里斯蒂安·贝尔。
该片将于9月30日在美国和加拿大的亚马逊Prime上线。
trailblazing [ˈtreɪlbleɪzɪŋ]: adj. 开拓性的
《卡吉丽昂》
《卡吉丽昂》是一个不太一样的犯罪惊险喜剧片，事实上是相当不一样。它是米兰达·朱莱（执导过《爱情你我他》和《将来》）近十年来导演的第一部离奇又洋溢着真情实感的喜剧。埃文·蕾切尔·伍德在片中饰演一位二十多岁的女子，她的父母（理查德·詹金斯和德博拉·温格饰演）将其培养成洛杉矶的一个小骗子。和电影《寄生虫》与《小偷家族》中的家庭一样，这三个人每天都致力于骗和偷，但仍然陷于贫困中。当这名女子结识了一个新朋友（吉娜·罗德里格兹饰演）后，情况改变了。
该片将于9月18日在美国上映，9月30日在法国上映。
caper [ˈkeɪpər]: n. 惊险喜剧片
《神弃之地》
charts the crime and corruption in a small religious community in Knockemstiff, Ohio (yes, that’s a real place) between World War Two and the Vietnam War. Tom Holland is a dirt-poor youth who is pushed towards violence, Riley Keough is the beauty queen, Sebastian Stan is a crooked sheriff, and Mia Wasikowska and Bill Skarsgård are also in the mix. But the performance that could get people talking is Robert ‘The Batman’ Pattinson’s wild-eyed turn as a villainous preacher.
安东尼奥·坎波斯在这部发生在偏远之地的狂热的哥特式惊险电影中动用了今年最酷的演员阵容。《神弃之地》改编自唐纳德·雷·波拉克的获奖小说，描写了二战至越南战争期间俄亥俄州诺肯斯蒂夫市（没错，这是一个真实地点）一个宗教小团体的犯罪和腐败。汤姆·赫兰德饰演一位被迫采取暴力的一贫如洗的年轻人，莱莉·科奥饰演选美皇后，塞巴斯蒂安·斯坦饰演腐败的警长，米娅·华希科沃斯卡和比尔·斯卡斯加德也参演了本片。但是最有话题性的角色是“蝙蝠侠”罗伯特·帕丁森饰演的眼球充血的邪恶传教士。
该片将于9月16日在奈飞网站上线。
英文来源：BBC
翻译&编辑：丹妮 |
近来，可以感觉到，节约粮食的呼声是越来越高。
据2018年中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所和世界自然基金会联合发布的《中国城市餐饮食物浪费报告》显示，2015年中国城市餐饮业仅餐桌食物浪费量就在1700万至1800万吨之间，相当于3000万至5000万人一年的食物量。
从场所和群体来看，大型餐馆、游客群体、中小学生群体、公务聚餐等是餐饮食物浪费的“重灾区”。
《经济日报》的记者调查发现“光盘难”与民众的餐饮消费观念、生活习惯、餐饮企业管理等诸多因素都有关。
对此，近来外卖平台，诸如饿了么和美团外卖，都纷纷拿出了对策来倡导节约粮食。
A courier waits to collect food for delivery at a restaurant in Zhangye, Gansu province, on Feb 18. [Photo by Wang Jiang/For China Daily]
Last week Meituan co-published a proposal with a number of business organizations, including the China General Chamber of Commerce and China Cuisine Association, calling on restaurants to stop food waste and help cultivate new eating habits for customers.
上周，美团与包括中国商业联合会和中国烹饪协会在内的多家机构联合发表了一份倡议书，呼吁餐馆停止浪费食物，帮助培养顾客新的饮食习惯。
“Restaurants should innovate means of publicity using official accounts on social media and live-streaming to promote and advocate food-saving actions,” the proposal said.
倡议书称：“餐厅应该创新宣传手段，利用社交媒体上的官方账号和直播，来宣传和倡导节约食物的行为。”
美团建议商户为顾客提供指引——告知食材的味道、分量等信息，方便顾客按需点单。
Meituan and the organizations are advocating that merchants offer guidance for consumers, including reminding them during the ordering process about the taste of the ingredients, portion sizes and other information about the dishes, to help them avoid food waste due to misleading information.
美团和这些组织倡导商家为消费者提供指引，包括在点菜过程中提醒消费者注意食材的味道、分量大小以及其他有关菜肴的信息，以帮助他们避免因为被信息误导而浪费食物。
Catering associations in more than 18 provinces have also joined the campaign to eliminate food waste. On Friday the China Cuisine Association announced that it had teamed up with Ele.me, the Alibaba Group Holding-owned food delivery platform, to launch a“half-dish plan”, encouraging restaurants to provide customers with the option to order smaller portions.
超过18个省的餐饮协会也加入了减少食物浪费的行动中。上周五，中国烹饪协会宣布与阿里巴巴集团旗下的食品配送平台饿了么合作，推出“半份计划”，鼓励餐馆为顾客提供选择，让他们可以点小份菜。
不仅是餐饮业相关各方，互联网公司也加入了进来。抖音和快手都加强了食物类视频的审核并且规范了吃播直播。
To curb portrayals of food waste on social media platforms, popular Chinese video platforms such as Douyin and Kuaishou have stepped up content reviews of food-related live streams and implemented regulation of online eating shows.
为了遏制社交媒体上的食物浪费现象，抖音、快手等中国热门视频平台都加强了与食品相关的直播内容审查，并对线上饮食节目实施监管。
A deliveryman prepares to deliver food from a restaurant in Shanghai. [Photo provided to China Daily]
Now if users search certain keywords, such as “eating show” or “competitive eaters”, a cautionary message pops up to remind them to cherish food and maintain a reasonable diet.
现在，如果用户搜索某些关键词，比如“吃播”或“大胃王挑战”，就会弹出一条提示信息，提醒用户爱惜食物，保持合理饮食。
美国的食物浪费也很严重。当地媒体报道称大约有40%的食物最终落得被美国消费者扔到垃圾桶的下场。
Across the country, about 40% of all the food Americans buy ends up in the trash. That food waste costs the average family of four about $1,500 a year. It also takes up valuable space in landfills.
在全美范围内，美国人购买的食物中大约40%最终被扔进了垃圾桶。这些食物浪费平均每年花掉四口之家大约1500美元。而且它还占用了垃圾填埋场的宝贵空间。
总台央视13套19日晚在国际时讯版块报道了美国佛蒙特州的节约政策，这一遏制食物浪费推行节约资源的举措也很直截了当——不准往垃圾桶里扔食物。
The state of Vermont has long been a leader in environmental issues. Now it has just doubled down on its bid to get Vermonters to rethink their relationship with food and waste.
佛蒙特州在环境问题的处理上一直以来都是表率。这一次，该州继续加了把劲，让佛蒙特州人民重新思考他们与食物浪费的关系。
As of July 1st, it became the first state in the nation to make it illegal for residents to throw their food scraps into the trash. That means everyone in the state -- from businesses to residents – must now keep their food waste out of the garbage.
自7月1日起，该州成为全国第一个将向垃圾桶里扔残羹冷炙列为违法行为的州。这意味着该州的每个个体——从企业到居民——现在都不能把浪费的食物丢到垃圾堆里。
Note
cultivate [ˈkʌltɪveɪt] v逐渐形成（某种态度、谈话或举止方式等）
innovate [ˈɪnəveɪt] v引入（新事物、思想或方法）；创新；改革
implement [ˈɪmplɪment] v使生效；贯彻；执行；实施
cautionary [ˈkɔːʃəneri] adj劝告的；告诫的；警告的
double down on加把劲做某事
bid [bɪd] n努力争取
scraps [skræps] n残羹剩饭
garbage [ˈɡɑːrbɪdʒ] n（生活）垃圾；废物；垃圾场；垃圾箱；垃圾桶
编辑：左卓
实习生：康喆
来源：CGTN、南华早报、The Denver Channel | A courier waits to collect food for delivery at a restaurant in Zhangye, Gansu province, on Feb 18. [Photo by Wang Jiang/For China Daily]
Last week Meituan co-published a proposal with a number of business organizations, including the China General Chamber of Commerce and China Cuisine Association, calling on restaurants to stop food waste and help cultivate new eating habits for customers.
“Restaurants should innovate means of publicity using official accounts on social media and live-streaming to promote and advocate food-saving actions,” the proposal said.
Meituan and the organizations are advocating that merchants offer guidance for consumers, including reminding them during the ordering process about the taste of the ingredients, portion sizes and other information about the dishes, to help them avoid food waste due to misleading information.
Catering associations in more than 18 provinces have also joined the campaign to eliminate food waste. On Friday the China Cuisine Association announced that it had teamed up with Ele.me, the Alibaba Group Holding-owned food delivery platform, to launch a“half-dish plan”, encouraging restaurants to provide customers with the option to order smaller portions.
To curb portrayals of food waste on social media platforms, popular Chinese video platforms such as Douyin and Kuaishou have stepped up content reviews of food-related live streams and implemented regulation of online eating shows.
A deliveryman prepares to deliver food from a restaurant in Shanghai. [Photo provided to China Daily]
Now if users search certain keywords, such as “eating show” or “competitive eaters”, a cautionary message pops up to remind them to cherish food and maintain a reasonable diet.
Across the country, about 40% of all the food Americans buy ends up in the trash. That food waste costs the average family of four about $1,500 a year. It also takes up valuable space in landfills.
The state of Vermont has long been a leader in environmental issues. Now it has just doubled down on its bid to get Vermonters to rethink their relationship with food and waste.
As of July 1st, it became the first state in the nation to make it illegal for residents to throw their food scraps into the trash. That means everyone in the state -- from businesses to residents – must now keep their food waste out of the garbage.
Note | 近来，可以感觉到，节约粮食的呼声是越来越高。
据2018年中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所和世界自然基金会联合发布的《中国城市餐饮食物浪费报告》显示，2015年中国城市餐饮业仅餐桌食物浪费量就在1700万至1800万吨之间，相当于3000万至5000万人一年的食物量。
从场所和群体来看，大型餐馆、游客群体、中小学生群体、公务聚餐等是餐饮食物浪费的“重灾区”。
《经济日报》的记者调查发现“光盘难”与民众的餐饮消费观念、生活习惯、餐饮企业管理等诸多因素都有关。
对此，近来外卖平台，诸如饿了么和美团外卖，都纷纷拿出了对策来倡导节约粮食。
上周，美团与包括中国商业联合会和中国烹饪协会在内的多家机构联合发表了一份倡议书，呼吁餐馆停止浪费食物，帮助培养顾客新的饮食习惯。
倡议书称：“餐厅应该创新宣传手段，利用社交媒体上的官方账号和直播，来宣传和倡导节约食物的行为。”
美团建议商户为顾客提供指引——告知食材的味道、分量等信息，方便顾客按需点单。
美团和这些组织倡导商家为消费者提供指引，包括在点菜过程中提醒消费者注意食材的味道、分量大小以及其他有关菜肴的信息，以帮助他们避免因为被信息误导而浪费食物。
超过18个省的餐饮协会也加入了减少食物浪费的行动中。上周五，中国烹饪协会宣布与阿里巴巴集团旗下的食品配送平台饿了么合作，推出“半份计划”，鼓励餐馆为顾客提供选择，让他们可以点小份菜。
不仅是餐饮业相关各方，互联网公司也加入了进来。抖音和快手都加强了食物类视频的审核并且规范了吃播直播。
为了遏制社交媒体上的食物浪费现象，抖音、快手等中国热门视频平台都加强了与食品相关的直播内容审查，并对线上饮食节目实施监管。
现在，如果用户搜索某些关键词，比如“吃播”或“大胃王挑战”，就会弹出一条提示信息，提醒用户爱惜食物，保持合理饮食。
美国的食物浪费也很严重。当地媒体报道称大约有40%的食物最终落得被美国消费者扔到垃圾桶的下场。
在全美范围内，美国人购买的食物中大约40%最终被扔进了垃圾桶。这些食物浪费平均每年花掉四口之家大约1500美元。而且它还占用了垃圾填埋场的宝贵空间。
总台央视13套19日晚在国际时讯版块报道了美国佛蒙特州的节约政策，这一遏制食物浪费推行节约资源的举措也很直截了当——不准往垃圾桶里扔食物。
佛蒙特州在环境问题的处理上一直以来都是表率。这一次，该州继续加了把劲，让佛蒙特州人民重新思考他们与食物浪费的关系。
自7月1日起，该州成为全国第一个将向垃圾桶里扔残羹冷炙列为违法行为的州。这意味着该州的每个个体——从企业到居民——现在都不能把浪费的食物丢到垃圾堆里。
cultivate [ˈkʌltɪveɪt] v逐渐形成（某种态度、谈话或举止方式等）
innovate [ˈɪnəveɪt] v引入（新事物、思想或方法）；创新；改革
implement [ˈɪmplɪment] v使生效；贯彻；执行；实施
cautionary [ˈkɔːʃəneri] adj劝告的；告诫的；警告的
double down on加把劲做某事
bid [bɪd] n努力争取
scraps [skræps] n残羹剩饭
garbage [ˈɡɑːrbɪdʒ] n（生活）垃圾；废物；垃圾场；垃圾箱；垃圾桶
编辑：左卓
实习生：康喆
来源：CGTN、南华早报、The Denver Channel |
“万物有灵，花能解语。”下面就为大家介绍几种花市上常见但又不会撞车的花，帮助你向热恋的、暗恋的Ta表明自己的真心：
[Photo/pexels]
剑兰
Gladiolus
剑兰，学名为唐菖蒲，与玫瑰、康乃馨、扶郎花一起被誉为“世界四大切花”。由于其与众不同的生长姿态，无论怎么插花，都会表现出风韵不凡的气质，能够从容地由自然美升华到艺术美。
剑兰的花语是信念、真诚正直（faithfulness, sincerity and integrity）。1983年，斗南农民拔掉蔬菜种出第一枝剑兰，开启了斗南的鲜花之路。不得不说斗南的鲜花市场就是从这一株剑兰花开始的。
Gladiolus is both the scientific and common name for these flowers. They are sometimes referred to a sword flowers or sword lilies due to the sword-like shape of both the foliage and the flower spike. The flower spire is said to pierce the heart of the recipient with love.
唐菖蒲既是这种花的学名又是通用名。它有时被称为剑花或剑百合，因为叶片和花穗都是剑形的。据说花尖顶是为了用爱刺穿受赠者的心。
铃兰花
Lily of the valley
铃兰花只伴着五月的春风开放，它的花语是幸福再来（return of happiness）。
铃兰花白色而细小，一朵朵密生的小花，像一串串的小铃铛，散发着沁人心脾的花香，似乎表达着想要“呼唤幸福”的美好愿望。
Lily of the valley is often chosen as a wedding flower, both for its elegance and the delicacy of its fragrance. In the language of flowers, lily of the valley represents a “return to happiness,” perhaps because this early bloomer is a harbinger of spring.
铃兰花常被选为婚礼用花，它既有高雅的气质，又有芳香的细腻。在花语里，铃兰花代表着“幸福再来”，也许是因为这种早熟的花朵预示着春天的到来。
[Photo/pexels]
帝王花
Protea
因为久开不败，帝王花被誉为全世界最富贵华丽的鲜花，代表着旺盛而顽强的生命力，也是南非的国花。
帝王花的植物生命期可达100年以上，作为鲜切花也不易枯萎，即便成为干花依然华丽如初。
雄性帝王，一般都是块状敞开型的，外层包片仔细看相对尖锐，而雌性帝王相对含蓄内敛，花苞半开而修长。
Protea flowers are native to the southern hemisphere, primarily Australia and South Africa. These unique flowers have existed since prehistoric times with some estimates dating them to 300 million years ago.
帝王花原产于南半球，主要是澳大利亚和南非。这一独特的花自史前时代就已存在，据估计可追溯到3亿年前。
What the protea flower means depends on the circumstances and the relationship between the giver and receiver, but there are some commonly agreed upon meanings for the protea flower——daring and courage.
帝王花的寓意取决于环境以及给予者和接受者之间的关系，但是它有一些共同的含义：大胆和勇气。
飞燕草
Larkspur
飞燕草因其花形别致，酷似一只只燕子闻名。花朵形态优雅，惹人喜爱。
飞燕草的花色多样，不同的颜色有着不同的花语。例如蓝色的花语是抑郁；紫色是柔顺、倾慕；粉红色是诗意；而白色是淡雅。
The larkspur represents the strong bond of love. In general, it signifies an open heart, ardent attachment to someone. As with many flowers, the symbolism changes with the color of the bloom.
飞燕草代表着坚固的爱。一般来说，它象征着一颗开放的心，对某人热烈的依恋。与许多花一样，它的寓意会随着花朵颜色变化而改变。
满天星
Baby's Breath
满天星学名圆锥石头花，英文名叫baby's breath，字面意思是“婴儿的呼吸”，如婴儿呼吸般的轻柔纯净的感觉，极为契合满天星的气质。
满天星花语：我所爱的人的呼吸。恋人的鼻息，在脸颊上、耳边温柔地掠过，就像满天星一样温柔而多情，怎样也数不清、剪不断。
Most people know the baby's breath flower as the iconic symbol of long lasting love because it's commonly used to round out wedding bouquets and centerpieces. The tiny white flowers represent the purity of emotion that two people should have for each other during a wedding ceremony. Self discipline and fidelity is a modern meaning for this classic flower.
大多数人都知道满天星是爱情永恒的象征，因为它通常被当做装饰婚礼花束和中心装饰品。小小的白花代表着两个人在婚礼上对彼此应有的纯洁情感。自律和忠诚是这朵经典之花的现代意义。
雏菊
Daisy
雏菊的花语是天真、希望和深藏在心底的爱，非常适合向暗恋的人委婉地表达真心。
雏菊花色丰富，不管是单色还是拼色都能很快找到中意的那一款。
The modern English word daisy comes from an Old English word that's impossible to spell and next to impossible to pronounce. The important thing is that the Old English word meant “day's eye” because daisy flowers only opened during the daytime.
现代英语单词Daisy来源于一个古英语单词，它几乎不可能拼写和发音。重要的是，古英语单词的意思是“白天的眼睛”，因为雏菊花只在白天开放。
The daisy's message is, ultimately, one of hope and renewal. In sending daisies, the sender hopes the viewer will see the world as they once did as a child.
归根结底，雏菊传达的信息是充满希望和万象更新。赠送雏菊时，给予人希望对方能像孩子一样看待这个世界。
编辑：陈月华
参考：Flower Meaning | [Photo/pexels]
Gladiolus
Gladiolus is both the scientific and common name for these flowers. They are sometimes referred to a sword flowers or sword lilies due to the sword-like shape of both the foliage and the flower spike. The flower spire is said to pierce the heart of the recipient with love.
Lily of the valley
Lily of the valley is often chosen as a wedding flower, both for its elegance and the delicacy of its fragrance. In the language of flowers, lily of the valley represents a “return to happiness,” perhaps because this early bloomer is a harbinger of spring.
[Photo/pexels]
Protea
Protea flowers are native to the southern hemisphere, primarily Australia and South Africa. These unique flowers have existed since prehistoric times with some estimates dating them to 300 million years ago.
What the protea flower means depends on the circumstances and the relationship between the giver and receiver, but there are some commonly agreed upon meanings for the protea flower——daring and courage.
Larkspur
The larkspur represents the strong bond of love. In general, it signifies an open heart, ardent attachment to someone. As with many flowers, the symbolism changes with the color of the bloom.
Baby's Breath
Most people know the baby's breath flower as the iconic symbol of long lasting love because it's commonly used to round out wedding bouquets and centerpieces. The tiny white flowers represent the purity of emotion that two people should have for each other during a wedding ceremony. Self discipline and fidelity is a modern meaning for this classic flower.
Daisy
The modern English word daisy comes from an Old English word that's impossible to spell and next to impossible to pronounce. The important thing is that the Old English word meant “day's eye” because daisy flowers only opened during the daytime.
The daisy's message is, ultimately, one of hope and renewal. In sending daisies, the sender hopes the viewer will see the world as they once did as a child. | “万物有灵，花能解语。”下面就为大家介绍几种花市上常见但又不会撞车的花，帮助你向热恋的、暗恋的Ta表明自己的真心：
剑兰
剑兰，学名为唐菖蒲，与玫瑰、康乃馨、扶郎花一起被誉为“世界四大切花”。由于其与众不同的生长姿态，无论怎么插花，都会表现出风韵不凡的气质，能够从容地由自然美升华到艺术美。
剑兰的花语是信念、真诚正直（faithfulness, sincerity and integrity）。1983年，斗南农民拔掉蔬菜种出第一枝剑兰，开启了斗南的鲜花之路。不得不说斗南的鲜花市场就是从这一株剑兰花开始的。
唐菖蒲既是这种花的学名又是通用名。它有时被称为剑花或剑百合，因为叶片和花穗都是剑形的。据说花尖顶是为了用爱刺穿受赠者的心。
铃兰花
铃兰花只伴着五月的春风开放，它的花语是幸福再来（return of happiness）。
铃兰花白色而细小，一朵朵密生的小花，像一串串的小铃铛，散发着沁人心脾的花香，似乎表达着想要“呼唤幸福”的美好愿望。
铃兰花常被选为婚礼用花，它既有高雅的气质，又有芳香的细腻。在花语里，铃兰花代表着“幸福再来”，也许是因为这种早熟的花朵预示着春天的到来。
帝王花
因为久开不败，帝王花被誉为全世界最富贵华丽的鲜花，代表着旺盛而顽强的生命力，也是南非的国花。
帝王花的植物生命期可达100年以上，作为鲜切花也不易枯萎，即便成为干花依然华丽如初。
雄性帝王，一般都是块状敞开型的，外层包片仔细看相对尖锐，而雌性帝王相对含蓄内敛，花苞半开而修长。
帝王花原产于南半球，主要是澳大利亚和南非。这一独特的花自史前时代就已存在，据估计可追溯到3亿年前。
帝王花的寓意取决于环境以及给予者和接受者之间的关系，但是它有一些共同的含义：大胆和勇气。
飞燕草
飞燕草因其花形别致，酷似一只只燕子闻名。花朵形态优雅，惹人喜爱。
飞燕草的花色多样，不同的颜色有着不同的花语。例如蓝色的花语是抑郁；紫色是柔顺、倾慕；粉红色是诗意；而白色是淡雅。
飞燕草代表着坚固的爱。一般来说，它象征着一颗开放的心，对某人热烈的依恋。与许多花一样，它的寓意会随着花朵颜色变化而改变。
满天星
满天星学名圆锥石头花，英文名叫baby's breath，字面意思是“婴儿的呼吸”，如婴儿呼吸般的轻柔纯净的感觉，极为契合满天星的气质。
满天星花语：我所爱的人的呼吸。恋人的鼻息，在脸颊上、耳边温柔地掠过，就像满天星一样温柔而多情，怎样也数不清、剪不断。
大多数人都知道满天星是爱情永恒的象征，因为它通常被当做装饰婚礼花束和中心装饰品。小小的白花代表着两个人在婚礼上对彼此应有的纯洁情感。自律和忠诚是这朵经典之花的现代意义。
雏菊
雏菊的花语是天真、希望和深藏在心底的爱，非常适合向暗恋的人委婉地表达真心。
雏菊花色丰富，不管是单色还是拼色都能很快找到中意的那一款。
现代英语单词Daisy来源于一个古英语单词，它几乎不可能拼写和发音。重要的是，古英语单词的意思是“白天的眼睛”，因为雏菊花只在白天开放。
归根结底，雏菊传达的信息是充满希望和万象更新。赠送雏菊时，给予人希望对方能像孩子一样看待这个世界。
编辑：陈月华
参考：Flower Meaning |
联合国儿童基金会最新报告显示，在新冠疫情期间，至少三分之一的儿童无法进行远程学习，导致了“全球教育紧急状况”。
Kindergarten teachers perform during an online class in Kampala on Saturday. As a measure to contain the spread of COVID-19, schools have started to offer online classes in Uganda. NICHOLAS KAJOBA/XINHUA
At least a third of the world’s schoolchildren – 463 million children globally – were unable to access remote learning when COVID-19 shuttered their schools, according to a new UNICEF report released on August 26 as countries across the world grapple with their ‘back-to-school’ plans.
根据联合国儿童基金会8月26日发布的一份新报告，在新冠疫情导致学校关闭期间，全球学龄儿童中有至少三分之一（4.63亿）无法进行远程学习。全球各国正尽力按计划让学生重返校园。
“For at least 463 million children whose schools closed due to COVID-19, there was no such a thing as remote learning,” said Henrietta Fore, UNICEF Executive Director.
联合国儿童基金会执行主任亨丽埃塔·福尔说：“至少有4.63亿儿童在因为疫情关闭学校后根本没有接受远程教育。”
“The sheer number of children whose education was completely disrupted for months on end is a global education emergency. The repercussions could be felt in economies and societies for decades to come.”
“连续数月完全无法接受教育的儿童数量之多，导致了全球教育紧急状况。在未来几十年里，经济和社会都会感受到由此带来的影响。”
repercussion [ˌriːpəˈkʌʃn] n.反响；令人不满意的后果
At the height of nationwide and local lockdowns, around 1.5 billion schoolchildren were affected by school closures. The report outlines the limitations of remote learning and exposes deep inequalities in access.
在全国性和地方性封锁措施最严厉的时候，近15亿儿童受到学校停课的影响。该报告概述了远程学习的局限性，并暴露了在获取远程教育方面的严重不平等。
The report uses a globally representative analysis on the availability of home-based technology and tools needed for remote learning among pre-primary, primary, lower-secondary and upper-secondary schoolchildren, with data from 100 countries. Data include access to television, radio and internet, and the availability of curriculum delivered across these platforms during school closures.
该报告使用来自100个国家的数据，对学前、小学、初中和高中学生远程学习所需的家用技术和工具的可获得性进行了具有全球代表性的分析。数据包括对电视、广播和互联网的访问，以及学校停课期间通过这些平台提供的课程。
Although the numbers in the report present a concerning picture on the lack of remote learning during school closures, UNICEF warns the situation is likely far worse. Even when children have the technology and tools at home, they may not be able to learn remotely through those platforms due to competing factors in the home including pressure to do chores, being forced to work, a poor environment for learning and lack of support in using the online or broadcast curriculum.
尽管报告中的数字反映了学校关闭期间无法远程学习的令人担忧的情况，但联合国儿童基金会警告说，实际情况可能会更差。即使孩子们家中有这些技术和工具，他们也可能无法通过这些平台远程学习，原因包括家务压力、被迫工作、恶劣的学习环境以及在使用在线或广播课程方面缺乏支持。
The report highlights significant inequality across regions. Schoolchildren in sub-Saharan Africa are the most affected, where at least half of all students cannot be reached with remote learning.
报告强调了各地区之间的严重不平等。撒哈拉以南非洲地区的学龄儿童受影响最大，那里至少有一半的学生无法进行远程学习。
A township child plays soccer as residents wait to receive food packages handed out by a non-governmental organization during a 21-day nationwide lockdown aimed at limiting the spread of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Cape Town, South Africa, April 17, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
Schoolchildren from the poorest households and those living in rural areas are by far the most likely to miss out during closures, the report says. Globally, 72 percent of schoolchildren unable to access remote learning live in their countries’ poorest households. In upper-middle-income countries, schoolchildren from the poorest households account for up to 86 percent of students unable to access remote learning. Globally, three quarters of schoolchildren without access live in rural areas.
报告称，目前来看，最贫困家庭和农村地区的学龄儿童最有可能在学校关闭期间无法进行远程学习。在全球范围内，72%无法进行远程学习的学龄儿童生活在本国最贫困的家庭。在中上等收入国家，最贫困家庭的学龄儿童在无法进行远程学习的学龄儿童总人数中占比高达86%。在全球范围内，四分之三无法进行远程学习的学龄儿童生活在农村地区。
The report also notes varying rates of access across age groups, with the youngest students most likely to miss out on remote learning during their most critical years of learning and development:
报告还指出，不同年龄段的学龄儿童接受远程教育的比率不同，最年幼的学生最有可能在他们学习和发展的最关键的几年错过远程教育。
At least 70 percent of schoolchildren of pre-primary-age – 120 million children – cannot be reached, largely due to challenges and limitations to online learning for young children, lack of remote learning programmes for this education category, and lack of home assets for remote learning. At least 29 percent of primary schoolchildren – 217 million students – cannot be reached. At least 24 percent of lower-secondary schoolchildren – 78 million students – cannot be reached.
至少70%的学龄前儿童（1.2亿）无法进行远程学习，主要原因是幼儿在线学习面临的挑战和限制、缺乏学前教育的远程学习方案，以及家中没有远程学习的设备。至少29%的小学生（2.17亿）无法进行远程学习。在初中生中这一比例为24%（7800万）。
Upper-secondary schoolchildren were the least likely to miss out on remote learning with at least 18 percent – 48 million schoolchildren– not having the technological assets to access remote learning.
高中学生中无法进行远程学习的比例最低，没有远程学习技术设备的高中生有4800万，至少占18%。
UNICEF urges governments to prioritize the safe re-opening of schools when they begin easing lockdown restrictions.
联合国儿童基金会敦促各国政府在开始放松封锁限制时，优先考虑安全地重新开放学校。
School opening policies and practices must include expanding access to education, including remote learning, especially for marginalized groups. Education systems must also be adapted and built to withstand future crises.
重新开放学校的政策和实践必须包含增加受教育的机会，其中包括远程学习，特别是对边缘群体。教育系统也必须进行调整和建设，以抵御未来的危机。
UNICEF’s
Framework for Reopening Schools
, issued jointly with UNESCO, UNHCR, WFP and the World Bank, offers practical advice for national and local authorities. The guidelines focus on policy reform; financing requirements; safe operations; compensatory learning; wellness and protection and reaching the most marginalized children.
联合国儿童基金会与联合国教科文组织、联合国难民署、世界粮食计划署和世界银行联合发布了《重新开放学校的框架》，为国家和地方当局提供了切实可行的建议。这些指导方针侧重于政策改革、融资需求、安全操作、补偿性学习、健康和保护、惠及最边缘化的儿童。
英文来源：
联合国儿童基金会官网
翻译&编辑：yaning | Kindergarten teachers perform during an online class in Kampala on Saturday. As a measure to contain the spread of COVID-19, schools have started to offer online classes in Uganda. NICHOLAS KAJOBA/XINHUA
At least a third of the world’s schoolchildren – 463 million children globally – were unable to access remote learning when COVID-19 shuttered their schools, according to a new UNICEF report released on August 26 as countries across the world grapple with their ‘back-to-school’ plans.
“For at least 463 million children whose schools closed due to COVID-19, there was no such a thing as remote learning,” said Henrietta Fore, UNICEF Executive Director.
“The sheer number of children whose education was completely disrupted for months on end is a global education emergency. The repercussions could be felt in economies and societies for decades to come.”
At the height of nationwide and local lockdowns, around 1.5 billion schoolchildren were affected by school closures. The report outlines the limitations of remote learning and exposes deep inequalities in access.
The report uses a globally representative analysis on the availability of home-based technology and tools needed for remote learning among pre-primary, primary, lower-secondary and upper-secondary schoolchildren, with data from 100 countries. Data include access to television, radio and internet, and the availability of curriculum delivered across these platforms during school closures.
Although the numbers in the report present a concerning picture on the lack of remote learning during school closures, UNICEF warns the situation is likely far worse. Even when children have the technology and tools at home, they may not be able to learn remotely through those platforms due to competing factors in the home including pressure to do chores, being forced to work, a poor environment for learning and lack of support in using the online or broadcast curriculum.
The report highlights significant inequality across regions. Schoolchildren in sub-Saharan Africa are the most affected, where at least half of all students cannot be reached with remote learning.
A township child plays soccer as residents wait to receive food packages handed out by a non-governmental organization during a 21-day nationwide lockdown aimed at limiting the spread of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Cape Town, South Africa, April 17, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
Schoolchildren from the poorest households and those living in rural areas are by far the most likely to miss out during closures, the report says. Globally, 72 percent of schoolchildren unable to access remote learning live in their countries’ poorest households. In upper-middle-income countries, schoolchildren from the poorest households account for up to 86 percent of students unable to access remote learning. Globally, three quarters of schoolchildren without access live in rural areas.
The report also notes varying rates of access across age groups, with the youngest students most likely to miss out on remote learning during their most critical years of learning and development:
At least 70 percent of schoolchildren of pre-primary-age – 120 million children – cannot be reached, largely due to challenges and limitations to online learning for young children, lack of remote learning programmes for this education category, and lack of home assets for remote learning. At least 29 percent of primary schoolchildren – 217 million students – cannot be reached. At least 24 percent of lower-secondary schoolchildren – 78 million students – cannot be reached.
Upper-secondary schoolchildren were the least likely to miss out on remote learning with at least 18 percent – 48 million schoolchildren– not having the technological assets to access remote learning.
UNICEF urges governments to prioritize the safe re-opening of schools when they begin easing lockdown restrictions.
School opening policies and practices must include expanding access to education, including remote learning, especially for marginalized groups. Education systems must also be adapted and built to withstand future crises.
UNICEF’s
Framework for Reopening Schools
, issued jointly with UNESCO, UNHCR, WFP and the World Bank, offers practical advice for national and local authorities. The guidelines focus on policy reform; financing requirements; safe operations; compensatory learning; wellness and protection and reaching the most marginalized children. | 联合国儿童基金会最新报告显示，在新冠疫情期间，至少三分之一的儿童无法进行远程学习，导致了“全球教育紧急状况”。
根据联合国儿童基金会8月26日发布的一份新报告，在新冠疫情导致学校关闭期间，全球学龄儿童中有至少三分之一（4.63亿）无法进行远程学习。全球各国正尽力按计划让学生重返校园。
联合国儿童基金会执行主任亨丽埃塔·福尔说：“至少有4.63亿儿童在因为疫情关闭学校后根本没有接受远程教育。”
“连续数月完全无法接受教育的儿童数量之多，导致了全球教育紧急状况。在未来几十年里，经济和社会都会感受到由此带来的影响。”
repercussion [ˌriːpəˈkʌʃn] n.反响；令人不满意的后果
在全国性和地方性封锁措施最严厉的时候，近15亿儿童受到学校停课的影响。该报告概述了远程学习的局限性，并暴露了在获取远程教育方面的严重不平等。
该报告使用来自100个国家的数据，对学前、小学、初中和高中学生远程学习所需的家用技术和工具的可获得性进行了具有全球代表性的分析。数据包括对电视、广播和互联网的访问，以及学校停课期间通过这些平台提供的课程。
尽管报告中的数字反映了学校关闭期间无法远程学习的令人担忧的情况，但联合国儿童基金会警告说，实际情况可能会更差。即使孩子们家中有这些技术和工具，他们也可能无法通过这些平台远程学习，原因包括家务压力、被迫工作、恶劣的学习环境以及在使用在线或广播课程方面缺乏支持。
报告强调了各地区之间的严重不平等。撒哈拉以南非洲地区的学龄儿童受影响最大，那里至少有一半的学生无法进行远程学习。
报告称，目前来看，最贫困家庭和农村地区的学龄儿童最有可能在学校关闭期间无法进行远程学习。在全球范围内，72%无法进行远程学习的学龄儿童生活在本国最贫困的家庭。在中上等收入国家，最贫困家庭的学龄儿童在无法进行远程学习的学龄儿童总人数中占比高达86%。在全球范围内，四分之三无法进行远程学习的学龄儿童生活在农村地区。
报告还指出，不同年龄段的学龄儿童接受远程教育的比率不同，最年幼的学生最有可能在他们学习和发展的最关键的几年错过远程教育。
至少70%的学龄前儿童（1.2亿）无法进行远程学习，主要原因是幼儿在线学习面临的挑战和限制、缺乏学前教育的远程学习方案，以及家中没有远程学习的设备。至少29%的小学生（2.17亿）无法进行远程学习。在初中生中这一比例为24%（7800万）。
高中学生中无法进行远程学习的比例最低，没有远程学习技术设备的高中生有4800万，至少占18%。
联合国儿童基金会敦促各国政府在开始放松封锁限制时，优先考虑安全地重新开放学校。
重新开放学校的政策和实践必须包含增加受教育的机会，其中包括远程学习，特别是对边缘群体。教育系统也必须进行调整和建设，以抵御未来的危机。
联合国儿童基金会与联合国教科文组织、联合国难民署、世界粮食计划署和世界银行联合发布了《重新开放学校的框架》，为国家和地方当局提供了切实可行的建议。这些指导方针侧重于政策改革、融资需求、安全操作、补偿性学习、健康和保护、惠及最边缘化的儿童。
英文来源：
联合国儿童基金会官网
翻译&编辑：yaning |
中国有句话叫：江山易改，本性难移。我们可能以为，人的个性是与生俱来的，比如天生内向或外向。但是科学家经过多年的研究发现，随着时间流逝，人的个性会发生改变，短期内察觉不到，但长期来看很明显。
Photo by Rostyslav Savchyn on Unsplash
Between adolescence and adulthood, you go through a host of changes — jobs, regrettable haircuts and relationships that come and go. But what about who you are at your core? As you grow older, does your personality change?
从青少年到成年，你经历了许多改变——换工作、失败的发型和恋情变迁。但是你本质上是一个什么样的人呢？随着年龄增长，你的个性会改变吗？
Personality is the pattern of thoughts, feelings and behaviors unique to a person. People tend to think of personality as fixed. But according to psychologists, that's not how it works. "Personality is a developmental phenomenon. It's not just a static thing that you're stuck with and can't get over," said Brent Roberts, a psychologist at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
个性是一个人特有的思维、感觉和行为模式。人们往往认为个性是固定不变的。但是心理学家表示并非如此。伊利诺伊大学厄巴纳-尚佩恩分校的心理学家布伦特·罗伯茨说：“个性是一个发展的现象。它不是一个一成不变、摆脱不了的静态事物。”
That's not to say that you're a different person each day you wake up. In the short term, change can be nearly imperceptible, Roberts told Live Science. Longitudinal studies, in which researchers survey the personalities of participants regularly over many years, suggest that our personality is actually stable on shorter time scales.
这不是说你每天早上醒来都是一个不同的人。罗伯茨告诉生命科学网站说，短期来看，改变几乎是察觉不到的。在延续多年的纵向研究中，研究人员对参与者的个性进行了定期调查。结果显示，实际上我们的个性在较短时间尺度内是稳定的。
In one study, published in 2000 in the journal
Psychological Bulletin
, researchers analyzed the results of 152 longitudinal studies on personality, which followed participants ranging in age from childhood to their early 70s. Each of these studies measured trends in the Big Five personality traits. This cluster of traits, which include extroversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, openness to experience, and neuroticism, are a mainstay of personality research. The researchers found that individuals' levels of each personality trait, relative to other participants, tended to stay consistent within each decade of life.
在一项2000年发表在《心理学公报》期刊上的研究中，研究人员分析了152项对个性的纵向研究，这些研究跟踪调查了从幼年到70岁出头各个年龄段的参与者。每项研究都测评了“大五人格”的倾向。“大五人格”包括外向性、亲和性、责任心、经验开放性和情绪稳定性，这些人格特质是个性研究的重要基础。研究人员发现，相对来说参与者的“大五人格”水平在每个十年内通常都是稳定的。
That pattern of consistency begins around age 3, and perhaps even earlier, said Brent Donnellan, professor and chair of psychology at Michigan State University. When psychologists study children, they don't measure personality traits in the same way they do for adults. Instead, they look at temperament — the intensity of a person's reactions to the world. We come into the world with unique temperaments, and research suggests that our temperaments as children — for example, whether we're easy going or prone to temper tantrums, eager or more reluctant to approach strangers — correspond to adult personality traits.
密歇根州立大学的心理学系主任布伦特·唐纳伦教授称，这种稳定模式大约在三岁开始形成，甚至可能更早。心理学家对儿童进行研究时，他们不会像对待成人一样测评人格，而是会观察性情，也就是一个人对世界作出反应的强烈程度。我们天生就有各自的性情，研究表明，我们儿时的性情和成人后的个性特质有关，比如我们是否随和或容易发脾气，愿不愿意接触陌生人。
Earlier temperament seems to affect later life experience. For example, one 1995 study published in the journal
Child Development
followed children from the age of 3 until the age of 18. The researchers found, for instance, that children who were shyer and more withdrawn tended to grow into unhappier teenagers.
早年的性情似乎会对以后的生活经历造成影响。举例而言，1995年发表在《儿童发育》期刊上的一项研究对儿童进行了跟踪调查，从3岁跟踪到18岁。研究人员发现，比较害羞和内向的孩子通常会长成不太快乐的青少年。
But those decades add up. Throughout all those years, our personality is still changing, but slowly, Roberts said. "It's something that's subtle," he added. You don't notice it on that five-to-10-year time scale, but in the long term, it becomes pronounced. In 1960, psychologists surveyed over 440,000 high school students. The students answered questions about everything from how they reacted to emotional situations to how efficiently they got work done. Fifty years later, researchers tracked down 1,952 of these former students and gave them the same survey. The results, published in 2018 in the
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
, found that in their 60s, participants scored much higher than they had as teenagers on questions measuring calmness, self-confidence, leadership and social sensitivity.
但是一个又一个十年会对个性产生影响。罗伯茨称，我们的个性在这些年间仍然会改变，不过是缓慢地改变。他补充道：“这是微妙的变化。”五年到十年内你注意不到，但是长期来看，就很明显。1960年，心理学家对逾44万名高中生进行了调查。这些学生回答了各种问题，从对情绪状况的反应到完成工作的效率。五十年后，研究人员跟踪调查了1952名当年的这些学生，并对他们进行了同样的调查。这项2018年发表在《个性与社会心理学期刊》的研究结果发现，这些年逾六十的参与者在衡量冷静、自信、领导力和社会敏感度的问卷得分比他们青少年时得分高得多。
Again and again, longitudinal studies have found similar results. Personality tends to get "better" over time. Psychologists call it "the maturity principle." People become more extraverted, emotionally stable, agreeable and conscientious as they grow older. Over the long haul, these changes are often pronounced.
各项纵向研究一次又一次地得出了相似的结果。随着时间流逝，人们的个性通常会“变好”。心理学家将其称之为“成熟法则”。随着年龄增长，人们变得更外向，情绪更稳定，更随和，也更有责任心。长期来看，这些改变通常很明显。
Some individuals might change less than others, but in general, the maturity principle applies to everyone. That makes personality change even harder to recognize in ourselves — how your personality compares with that of your peers doesn't change as much as our overall change in personality, because everyone else is changing right along with you. "There's good evidence that the average self-control of a 30-year-old is higher than a 20-year-old," Donnellan said. "At the same time, people who are relatively self-controlled at 18 also tend to be relatively self-controlled at age 30."
一些人可能变得比其他人少，但总体来看，成熟法则适用于每个人。这使得我们的个性改变更难以被识别。你的个性相比同龄人发生的改变没有大家整体的个性改变大，因为每个人的个性都和你一起发生着改变。唐纳伦说：“充分证据表明，30岁的人平均自制力高于20岁的人。与此同时，18岁时自制力相对较强的人到了30岁也往往自制力相对较强。”
So why do we change so much? Evidence suggests it's not dramatic life events, such as marriage, the birth of a child or loss of a loved one. Some psychologists actually suggest these events reinforce your personality as you bring your characteristics with you to that particular situation, Donnellan said.
那么为什么我们会改变这么多？证据显示，我们的个性改变不是因为人生大事，比如结婚、孩子出生或失去所爱之人。唐纳伦称，一些心理学家指出实际上这些大事会强化你的个性，因为你会将自己的个性带入到那个特别的情境中。
Instead, changing expectations placed on us — as we adjust to university, the work force, starting a family — slowly wears us in, almost like a pair of shoes, Roberts said. "Over time you are asked in many contexts across life to do things a bit differently," he said. "There's not a user manual for how to act, but there's very clear implicit norms for how we should behave in these situations." So we adapt.
罗伯茨指出，在我们适应大学、职场和成家时，外界对我们期望值的改变在慢慢地打磨我们，就像一双鞋一样。他说：“随着时间过去，人生中的许多情境都会要求你用和以前不一样的方式去做事。没有用户手册来指导你如何行动，但是有非常清晰的不成文规范告诉你在这些情况下应该如何表现。”于是我们就改变自己去适应。
英文来源：生命科学网站
翻译&编辑：丹妮 | Photo by Rostyslav Savchyn on Unsplash
Between adolescence and adulthood, you go through a host of changes — jobs, regrettable haircuts and relationships that come and go. But what about who you are at your core? As you grow older, does your personality change?
Personality is the pattern of thoughts, feelings and behaviors unique to a person. People tend to think of personality as fixed. But according to psychologists, that's not how it works. "Personality is a developmental phenomenon. It's not just a static thing that you're stuck with and can't get over," said Brent Roberts, a psychologist at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
That's not to say that you're a different person each day you wake up. In the short term, change can be nearly imperceptible, Roberts told Live Science. Longitudinal studies, in which researchers survey the personalities of participants regularly over many years, suggest that our personality is actually stable on shorter time scales.
In one study, published in 2000 in the journal
Psychological Bulletin
, researchers analyzed the results of 152 longitudinal studies on personality, which followed participants ranging in age from childhood to their early 70s. Each of these studies measured trends in the Big Five personality traits. This cluster of traits, which include extroversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, openness to experience, and neuroticism, are a mainstay of personality research. The researchers found that individuals' levels of each personality trait, relative to other participants, tended to stay consistent within each decade of life.
That pattern of consistency begins around age 3, and perhaps even earlier, said Brent Donnellan, professor and chair of psychology at Michigan State University. When psychologists study children, they don't measure personality traits in the same way they do for adults. Instead, they look at temperament — the intensity of a person's reactions to the world. We come into the world with unique temperaments, and research suggests that our temperaments as children — for example, whether we're easy going or prone to temper tantrums, eager or more reluctant to approach strangers — correspond to adult personality traits.
Earlier temperament seems to affect later life experience. For example, one 1995 study published in the journal
Child Development
followed children from the age of 3 until the age of 18. The researchers found, for instance, that children who were shyer and more withdrawn tended to grow into unhappier teenagers.
But those decades add up. Throughout all those years, our personality is still changing, but slowly, Roberts said. "It's something that's subtle," he added. You don't notice it on that five-to-10-year time scale, but in the long term, it becomes pronounced. In 1960, psychologists surveyed over 440,000 high school students. The students answered questions about everything from how they reacted to emotional situations to how efficiently they got work done. Fifty years later, researchers tracked down 1,952 of these former students and gave them the same survey. The results, published in 2018 in the
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
, found that in their 60s, participants scored much higher than they had as teenagers on questions measuring calmness, self-confidence, leadership and social sensitivity.
Again and again, longitudinal studies have found similar results. Personality tends to get "better" over time. Psychologists call it "the maturity principle." People become more extraverted, emotionally stable, agreeable and conscientious as they grow older. Over the long haul, these changes are often pronounced.
Some individuals might change less than others, but in general, the maturity principle applies to everyone. That makes personality change even harder to recognize in ourselves — how your personality compares with that of your peers doesn't change as much as our overall change in personality, because everyone else is changing right along with you. "There's good evidence that the average self-control of a 30-year-old is higher than a 20-year-old," Donnellan said. "At the same time, people who are relatively self-controlled at 18 also tend to be relatively self-controlled at age 30."
So why do we change so much? Evidence suggests it's not dramatic life events, such as marriage, the birth of a child or loss of a loved one. Some psychologists actually suggest these events reinforce your personality as you bring your characteristics with you to that particular situation, Donnellan said.
Instead, changing expectations placed on us — as we adjust to university, the work force, starting a family — slowly wears us in, almost like a pair of shoes, Roberts said. "Over time you are asked in many contexts across life to do things a bit differently," he said. "There's not a user manual for how to act, but there's very clear implicit norms for how we should behave in these situations." So we adapt. | 中国有句话叫：江山易改，本性难移。我们可能以为，人的个性是与生俱来的，比如天生内向或外向。但是科学家经过多年的研究发现，随着时间流逝，人的个性会发生改变，短期内察觉不到，但长期来看很明显。
从青少年到成年，你经历了许多改变——换工作、失败的发型和恋情变迁。但是你本质上是一个什么样的人呢？随着年龄增长，你的个性会改变吗？
个性是一个人特有的思维、感觉和行为模式。人们往往认为个性是固定不变的。但是心理学家表示并非如此。伊利诺伊大学厄巴纳-尚佩恩分校的心理学家布伦特·罗伯茨说：“个性是一个发展的现象。它不是一个一成不变、摆脱不了的静态事物。”
这不是说你每天早上醒来都是一个不同的人。罗伯茨告诉生命科学网站说，短期来看，改变几乎是察觉不到的。在延续多年的纵向研究中，研究人员对参与者的个性进行了定期调查。结果显示，实际上我们的个性在较短时间尺度内是稳定的。
在一项2000年发表在《心理学公报》期刊上的研究中，研究人员分析了152项对个性的纵向研究，这些研究跟踪调查了从幼年到70岁出头各个年龄段的参与者。每项研究都测评了“大五人格”的倾向。“大五人格”包括外向性、亲和性、责任心、经验开放性和情绪稳定性，这些人格特质是个性研究的重要基础。研究人员发现，相对来说参与者的“大五人格”水平在每个十年内通常都是稳定的。
密歇根州立大学的心理学系主任布伦特·唐纳伦教授称，这种稳定模式大约在三岁开始形成，甚至可能更早。心理学家对儿童进行研究时，他们不会像对待成人一样测评人格，而是会观察性情，也就是一个人对世界作出反应的强烈程度。我们天生就有各自的性情，研究表明，我们儿时的性情和成人后的个性特质有关，比如我们是否随和或容易发脾气，愿不愿意接触陌生人。
早年的性情似乎会对以后的生活经历造成影响。举例而言，1995年发表在《儿童发育》期刊上的一项研究对儿童进行了跟踪调查，从3岁跟踪到18岁。研究人员发现，比较害羞和内向的孩子通常会长成不太快乐的青少年。
但是一个又一个十年会对个性产生影响。罗伯茨称，我们的个性在这些年间仍然会改变，不过是缓慢地改变。他补充道：“这是微妙的变化。”五年到十年内你注意不到，但是长期来看，就很明显。1960年，心理学家对逾44万名高中生进行了调查。这些学生回答了各种问题，从对情绪状况的反应到完成工作的效率。五十年后，研究人员跟踪调查了1952名当年的这些学生，并对他们进行了同样的调查。这项2018年发表在《个性与社会心理学期刊》的研究结果发现，这些年逾六十的参与者在衡量冷静、自信、领导力和社会敏感度的问卷得分比他们青少年时得分高得多。
各项纵向研究一次又一次地得出了相似的结果。随着时间流逝，人们的个性通常会“变好”。心理学家将其称之为“成熟法则”。随着年龄增长，人们变得更外向，情绪更稳定，更随和，也更有责任心。长期来看，这些改变通常很明显。
一些人可能变得比其他人少，但总体来看，成熟法则适用于每个人。这使得我们的个性改变更难以被识别。你的个性相比同龄人发生的改变没有大家整体的个性改变大，因为每个人的个性都和你一起发生着改变。唐纳伦说：“充分证据表明，30岁的人平均自制力高于20岁的人。与此同时，18岁时自制力相对较强的人到了30岁也往往自制力相对较强。”
那么为什么我们会改变这么多？证据显示，我们的个性改变不是因为人生大事，比如结婚、孩子出生或失去所爱之人。唐纳伦称，一些心理学家指出实际上这些大事会强化你的个性，因为你会将自己的个性带入到那个特别的情境中。
罗伯茨指出，在我们适应大学、职场和成家时，外界对我们期望值的改变在慢慢地打磨我们，就像一双鞋一样。他说：“随着时间过去，人生中的许多情境都会要求你用和以前不一样的方式去做事。没有用户手册来指导你如何行动，但是有非常清晰的不成文规范告诉你在这些情况下应该如何表现。”于是我们就改变自己去适应。
英文来源：生命科学网站
翻译&编辑：丹妮 |
受新冠肺炎疫情影响，日本新干线乘客大幅减少。为了降低影响，JR东日本公司从8月26日起一连三天进行试验，利用东北新干线空座将海鲜从仙台车站直接送往东京车站，以检验是否能够将这种运输模式商业化。
Commuters wearing protective masks head to work amid the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak in Osaka, Japan in this photo taken by Kyodo on May 21, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
Since the number of passengers on the Shinkansen has dropped significantly due to the new coronavirus, JR East has begun an experiment to transport fresh seafood from Miyagi prefecture to Tokyo for the first time using the seats on the Shinkansen.
由于新冠病毒的影响，日本新干线的乘客人数大幅下降，JR东日本公司开始了一项试验，首次利用新干线上的座位将新鲜海鲜从宫城县运送到东京。
Due to the impact of the new coronavirus, the number of passengers on the Tohoku Shinkansen is only 30% of the same period last year as of last week.
受新冠疫情影响，截至上周，日本东北新干线上的乘客数量仅为去年同期的30%。
For this reason, JR East was the first to conduct an experiment to transport local specialty products to Tokyo using vacant seats.
为此，JR东日本公司率先进行了利用空座将当地特产运输到东京的试验。
On the 26th, squirts and oysters from Miyagi prefecture, which were landed on the morning of the same day, were transported to the Tohoku Shinkansen departing Sendai Station before 11:00 am.
8月26日上午11点前，来自宫城县的海蛸和牡蛎被运往东北新干线，驶离仙台站。这些海鲜都是当天上午捕捞的。
In the first car used for transportation, the two rows of seats were faced to each other, and the seafood was put in a special box to keep the air cool so that the freshness of the seafood was preserved.
在第一个用于运输的车厢里，两排座位是面对面的，海鲜用一个特殊的盒子运送以保持低温保鲜。
The Shinkansen arrived at Tokyo Station in about two hours, and was served as sashimi and vinegared food at the seafood restaurant on the premises after 2:00 pm.
大约两小时后，这辆新干线就抵达了东京站，下午2点后，站内的海鲜餐厅就开始供应生鱼片和醋味食品。
According to the fishermen who participated in the initiative, when it comes to transportation by truck, it often arrives in Tokyo the next day, but if you use the Shinkansen, you can shorten the time until it is provided at restaurants by a whole day.
据参与这一试验的渔民说，如果用卡车运输，海鲜通常会在第二天到达东京，但如果使用新干线，可以在一天之内就运输到餐馆并端上餐桌。
Tsuyoshi Hamada of the JR East supply chain management project said, "Since the Shinkansen is strong in speed and punctuality, we want to contribute to the community by carrying local products."
JR东日本公司供应链管理项目部的滨田津之说：“由于新干线的高速、准点，我们希望通过运输当地产品为社区做贡献。
An East Japan Railway Co Shinkansen bullet train approaches Omiya Station in Saitama City, Saitama Prefecture, Japan, July 27, 2012. [Photo/VCG]
The use of the Tohoku Shinkansen has dropped significantly due to the impact of the new coronavirus, and the number of passengers in May, when the emergency was announced, dropped to 10% of the same period last year.
由于新冠病毒的影响，东北新干线的上座率大幅下降，5月份日本宣布进入紧急状态时，乘客人数已降至去年同期的10%。
Since then, the number of passengers has been gradually recovering, but last week it remained at about 30% of the same period last year, and it is expected that this situation will continue for a long time.
此后，乘客数量逐渐恢复，但上周仍保持在去年同期的30%左右，预计这种情况将持续很长一段时间。
For this reason, JR East is extensively considering measures to compensate for the decline in revenues from the railway business, and as one of them, has begun an experiment to transport local specialty products to Tokyo by the Shinkansen.
为此，JR东日本公司正考虑采取多种措施弥补铁路业务收入的下降，作为其中一项措施，该公司已开始试验通过新干线将当地特产运输到东京。
JR will continue to verify the time required for transportation from the production area and aim to put it into practical use while also observing the reaction of passengers on the train.
JR东日本公司将继续确认从生产区域运输到目的地所需的时间，并开展实际运输，同时观察乘客的反应。
Hiromitsu Ito, president of the fishery industry Kaiyu, said, "Since freshness is the key to marine products, I think this is an epoch-making thing that will revolutionize logistics."
渔业企业凯宇的总裁伊藤宏光说：“由于新鲜是海产品的关键，我认为这是划时代的事情，将彻底改变物流业。”
来源：NHK、tellerreporter
翻译&编辑：yaning | Commuters wearing protective masks head to work amid the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak in Osaka, Japan in this photo taken by Kyodo on May 21, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
Since the number of passengers on the Shinkansen has dropped significantly due to the new coronavirus, JR East has begun an experiment to transport fresh seafood from Miyagi prefecture to Tokyo for the first time using the seats on the Shinkansen.
Due to the impact of the new coronavirus, the number of passengers on the Tohoku Shinkansen is only 30% of the same period last year as of last week.
For this reason, JR East was the first to conduct an experiment to transport local specialty products to Tokyo using vacant seats.
On the 26th, squirts and oysters from Miyagi prefecture, which were landed on the morning of the same day, were transported to the Tohoku Shinkansen departing Sendai Station before 11:00 am.
In the first car used for transportation, the two rows of seats were faced to each other, and the seafood was put in a special box to keep the air cool so that the freshness of the seafood was preserved.
The Shinkansen arrived at Tokyo Station in about two hours, and was served as sashimi and vinegared food at the seafood restaurant on the premises after 2:00 pm.
According to the fishermen who participated in the initiative, when it comes to transportation by truck, it often arrives in Tokyo the next day, but if you use the Shinkansen, you can shorten the time until it is provided at restaurants by a whole day.
Tsuyoshi Hamada of the JR East supply chain management project said, "Since the Shinkansen is strong in speed and punctuality, we want to contribute to the community by carrying local products."
An East Japan Railway Co Shinkansen bullet train approaches Omiya Station in Saitama City, Saitama Prefecture, Japan, July 27, 2012. [Photo/VCG]
The use of the Tohoku Shinkansen has dropped significantly due to the impact of the new coronavirus, and the number of passengers in May, when the emergency was announced, dropped to 10% of the same period last year.
Since then, the number of passengers has been gradually recovering, but last week it remained at about 30% of the same period last year, and it is expected that this situation will continue for a long time.
For this reason, JR East is extensively considering measures to compensate for the decline in revenues from the railway business, and as one of them, has begun an experiment to transport local specialty products to Tokyo by the Shinkansen.
JR will continue to verify the time required for transportation from the production area and aim to put it into practical use while also observing the reaction of passengers on the train.
Hiromitsu Ito, president of the fishery industry Kaiyu, said, "Since freshness is the key to marine products, I think this is an epoch-making thing that will revolutionize logistics." | 受新冠肺炎疫情影响，日本新干线乘客大幅减少。为了降低影响，JR东日本公司从8月26日起一连三天进行试验，利用东北新干线空座将海鲜从仙台车站直接送往东京车站，以检验是否能够将这种运输模式商业化。
由于新冠病毒的影响，日本新干线的乘客人数大幅下降，JR东日本公司开始了一项试验，首次利用新干线上的座位将新鲜海鲜从宫城县运送到东京。
受新冠疫情影响，截至上周，日本东北新干线上的乘客数量仅为去年同期的30%。
为此，JR东日本公司率先进行了利用空座将当地特产运输到东京的试验。
8月26日上午11点前，来自宫城县的海蛸和牡蛎被运往东北新干线，驶离仙台站。这些海鲜都是当天上午捕捞的。
在第一个用于运输的车厢里，两排座位是面对面的，海鲜用一个特殊的盒子运送以保持低温保鲜。
大约两小时后，这辆新干线就抵达了东京站，下午2点后，站内的海鲜餐厅就开始供应生鱼片和醋味食品。
据参与这一试验的渔民说，如果用卡车运输，海鲜通常会在第二天到达东京，但如果使用新干线，可以在一天之内就运输到餐馆并端上餐桌。
JR东日本公司供应链管理项目部的滨田津之说：“由于新干线的高速、准点，我们希望通过运输当地产品为社区做贡献。
由于新冠病毒的影响，东北新干线的上座率大幅下降，5月份日本宣布进入紧急状态时，乘客人数已降至去年同期的10%。
此后，乘客数量逐渐恢复，但上周仍保持在去年同期的30%左右，预计这种情况将持续很长一段时间。
为此，JR东日本公司正考虑采取多种措施弥补铁路业务收入的下降，作为其中一项措施，该公司已开始试验通过新干线将当地特产运输到东京。
JR东日本公司将继续确认从生产区域运输到目的地所需的时间，并开展实际运输，同时观察乘客的反应。
渔业企业凯宇的总裁伊藤宏光说：“由于新鲜是海产品的关键，我认为这是划时代的事情，将彻底改变物流业。”
来源：NHK、tellerreporter
翻译&编辑：yaning |
新冠疫情暴发以来，很多人都不敢乘坐飞机，因为他们认为机舱空间小，感染新冠肺炎的风险更高。然而，新研究发现，飞机上感染新冠肺炎的几率其实很小，旅客可以安心乘坐飞机。
Photo by Jordan Sanchez on Unsplash
Sitting squeezed between a number of strangers on board an aircraft might feel like a risky position during these uncertain times.
在这种不确定的时期，乘飞机时坐在一堆陌生人中间可能感觉风险很大。
But according to some experts who point to the very few documented cases of in-flight transmission, the chances of catching Covid-19 while on board a flight are actually relatively slim.
但是一些专家指出，新冠病毒在机舱内传播的病例记载非常少，实际上在乘飞机时感染新冠肺炎的几率相对较小。
Fear of flying during the pandemic has drastically reduced global air traffic, which has also been restricted due to border closures. If new scientific claims are borne out, the perceived heightened risk of boarding an airplane could be unfounded.
疫情期间人们对飞行的担心令全球空中交通流量剧减，航空飞行也因为边境封锁而受到限制。如果新的科学说法得到证实，乘机感染风险高的观念或许就是没有根据的。
In one case, about 328 passengers and crew members were tested for coronavirus after it was learned that a March 31 flight from the US to Taiwan had been carrying 12 passengers who were symptomatic at the time. However, all the other passengers tested negative, as did the crew members.
在一个案例中，在得知3月31日从美国飞往中国台湾的航班上搭载了12名有新冠肺炎症状的乘客后，相关部门对机上约328名乘客和机组人员进行了新冠病毒检测。但是，其他所有乘客的检测均呈阴性，机组人员也是如此。
And while there have certainly been cases of infected passengers passing the virus on to an airplane's crew or fellow travelers in recent months, the transmission rates are low.
诚然，近几个月肯定有感染新冠病毒的乘客传染给机上的乘务人员或其他乘客的情况发生，但是传播几率比较低。
A study recently published in medical journal
JAMA Network Open
found evidence of the possible spread of coronavirus during a four-hour flight from Tel Aviv to Frankfurt in March.
最近发表在医学期刊《美国医学协会网络公开杂志》上的一项研究发现了三月份从特拉维夫前往法兰克福的四小时航空飞行期间可能发生新冠病毒传播的证据。
Two passengers developed infections after flying with a group of tourists who had come into contact with an infected hotel manager and also became infected, according to researchers from the Institute for Medical Virology at Goethe University in Frankfurt.
法兰克福歌德大学医学病毒学研究所的研究人员称，两名乘客在和一群游客同乘一航班后感染了新冠病毒，这群游客是在和一位感染了病毒的酒店经理接触后感染的。
The two who may have been infected were seated at the back of the aircraft, directly across the aisle from seven passengers who had unknowingly picked up the virus.
这两位可能在飞行途中被感染的乘客坐在飞机靠尾部的座位，正对着过道那头七位被感染却不知情的乘客。
An earlier flight from the UK to Vietnam on March 2, in which one passenger seemingly spread the virus to around 14 other passengers, as well as a crew member, is so far believed to be the only known on-board transmission to multiple people.
此前，3月2日从英国飞往越南的一个航班上，一名乘客似乎将病毒传染给了14名其他乘客和一名乘务员，这是迄今为止已知的唯一一个机上一人传染多人的案例。
One explanation for the apparently low risk level is that the air in modern aircraft cabins is replaced with new fresh air every two to three minutes, and most planes are fitted with air filters designed to trap 99.99% of particles.
飞机上传染风险明显较低的一个解释是，现代机舱中的空气每2到3分钟就会换一次，多数飞机都配备了空气过滤机，可以过滤掉99.99%的颗粒物。
Meanwhile, various new protocols have been implemented, such as face-coverings for both passengers and crew, which is mandatory on most airlines, temperature screenings, as well as more intensive cabin cleaning and limited movement in the cabin during flight.
与此同时，航空公司实行了各种新规定，比如乘客和机组人员都要遮盖面部（这在多数航空公司都是强制性规定）、进行体温筛查以及加强机舱清洁和飞行途中限制机舱内活动。
Arnold Barnett, a professor of statistics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology's Sloan School of Management, tried to quantify the odds of becoming infected with the virus while on board a short flight in a recent study that looked at the benefits of the empty middle seat policy.
在最近的一项针对中间座位空置政策成效的研究中，麻省理工学院斯隆管理学院的统计学教授阿诺德·巴奈特试图量化短程飞行期间感染病毒的几率。
According to his findings, based on short haul flights in the US on aircraft configured with three seats on either side of the aisle, such as the Airbus 320 and the Boeing 737 -- and assuming everyone is wearing a mask -- the risk of catching the virus on a full flight is just 1 in 4,300. Those odds fall to 1 in 7,700 if the middle seat is vacant.
根据巴奈特的研究结果，基于在过道两边配备了三个座位的飞机（比如空客320和波音737）的美国短途航班数据，假定每个人都佩戴了口罩，那么在满员航班上感染新冠病毒的几率为4300分之一。如果中间座位空置，感染几率则降到了7700分之一。
These figures are specifically for two-hour flights within the United States, the country currently with the highest number of Covid-19 cases in the world.
这些数据专门适用于美国境内的两小时航班，美国目前的新冠肺炎确诊病例是全世界最高的。
The odds will be lower for flights taken in parts of the globe with few cases and higher for long haul flights, he says.
巴奈特表示，在病例少的世界其他地区机上感染几率会更低，长途航班的感染几率则会更高。
Barnett goes on to state that there isn't much of a difference in terms of risk between passengers sitting in an aisle seat on a full flight and those in the window seat.
巴奈特还表示，满员航班上坐在靠过道座位和坐在靠窗座位的乘客感染风险没多大差别。
However, the chances of becoming infected are ever so slightly higher for those in aisle seats, because they simply have more people around them.
不过，坐在靠过道座位的乘客感染几率会略高，因为他们周围的人更多。
"You're endangered by the people sitting next to you in the same row," he says. "And to a lesser extent, the people in the row behind and the row ahead.
巴奈特称：“和你坐同排的人对你威胁更大，坐前后排的人对你威胁更小。”
"Statistically, the window seat is a little safer than the middle seat or the aisle seat on a plane that's full. But it's not a big difference."
“从统计数据来看，在满员航班上坐靠窗座位比坐中间座位或靠过道座位稍微更安全一点。但是差别不大。”
英文来源：美国有线电视新闻网
翻译&编辑：丹妮 | Photo by Jordan Sanchez on Unsplash
Sitting squeezed between a number of strangers on board an aircraft might feel like a risky position during these uncertain times.
But according to some experts who point to the very few documented cases of in-flight transmission, the chances of catching Covid-19 while on board a flight are actually relatively slim.
Fear of flying during the pandemic has drastically reduced global air traffic, which has also been restricted due to border closures. If new scientific claims are borne out, the perceived heightened risk of boarding an airplane could be unfounded.
In one case, about 328 passengers and crew members were tested for coronavirus after it was learned that a March 31 flight from the US to Taiwan had been carrying 12 passengers who were symptomatic at the time. However, all the other passengers tested negative, as did the crew members.
And while there have certainly been cases of infected passengers passing the virus on to an airplane's crew or fellow travelers in recent months, the transmission rates are low.
A study recently published in medical journal
JAMA Network Open
found evidence of the possible spread of coronavirus during a four-hour flight from Tel Aviv to Frankfurt in March.
Two passengers developed infections after flying with a group of tourists who had come into contact with an infected hotel manager and also became infected, according to researchers from the Institute for Medical Virology at Goethe University in Frankfurt.
The two who may have been infected were seated at the back of the aircraft, directly across the aisle from seven passengers who had unknowingly picked up the virus.
An earlier flight from the UK to Vietnam on March 2, in which one passenger seemingly spread the virus to around 14 other passengers, as well as a crew member, is so far believed to be the only known on-board transmission to multiple people.
One explanation for the apparently low risk level is that the air in modern aircraft cabins is replaced with new fresh air every two to three minutes, and most planes are fitted with air filters designed to trap 99.99% of particles.
Meanwhile, various new protocols have been implemented, such as face-coverings for both passengers and crew, which is mandatory on most airlines, temperature screenings, as well as more intensive cabin cleaning and limited movement in the cabin during flight.
Arnold Barnett, a professor of statistics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology's Sloan School of Management, tried to quantify the odds of becoming infected with the virus while on board a short flight in a recent study that looked at the benefits of the empty middle seat policy.
According to his findings, based on short haul flights in the US on aircraft configured with three seats on either side of the aisle, such as the Airbus 320 and the Boeing 737 -- and assuming everyone is wearing a mask -- the risk of catching the virus on a full flight is just 1 in 4,300. Those odds fall to 1 in 7,700 if the middle seat is vacant.
These figures are specifically for two-hour flights within the United States, the country currently with the highest number of Covid-19 cases in the world.
The odds will be lower for flights taken in parts of the globe with few cases and higher for long haul flights, he says.
Barnett goes on to state that there isn't much of a difference in terms of risk between passengers sitting in an aisle seat on a full flight and those in the window seat.
However, the chances of becoming infected are ever so slightly higher for those in aisle seats, because they simply have more people around them.
"You're endangered by the people sitting next to you in the same row," he says. "And to a lesser extent, the people in the row behind and the row ahead.
"Statistically, the window seat is a little safer than the middle seat or the aisle seat on a plane that's full. But it's not a big difference." | 新冠疫情暴发以来，很多人都不敢乘坐飞机，因为他们认为机舱空间小，感染新冠肺炎的风险更高。然而，新研究发现，飞机上感染新冠肺炎的几率其实很小，旅客可以安心乘坐飞机。
在这种不确定的时期，乘飞机时坐在一堆陌生人中间可能感觉风险很大。
但是一些专家指出，新冠病毒在机舱内传播的病例记载非常少，实际上在乘飞机时感染新冠肺炎的几率相对较小。
疫情期间人们对飞行的担心令全球空中交通流量剧减，航空飞行也因为边境封锁而受到限制。如果新的科学说法得到证实，乘机感染风险高的观念或许就是没有根据的。
在一个案例中，在得知3月31日从美国飞往中国台湾的航班上搭载了12名有新冠肺炎症状的乘客后，相关部门对机上约328名乘客和机组人员进行了新冠病毒检测。但是，其他所有乘客的检测均呈阴性，机组人员也是如此。
诚然，近几个月肯定有感染新冠病毒的乘客传染给机上的乘务人员或其他乘客的情况发生，但是传播几率比较低。
最近发表在医学期刊《美国医学协会网络公开杂志》上的一项研究发现了三月份从特拉维夫前往法兰克福的四小时航空飞行期间可能发生新冠病毒传播的证据。
法兰克福歌德大学医学病毒学研究所的研究人员称，两名乘客在和一群游客同乘一航班后感染了新冠病毒，这群游客是在和一位感染了病毒的酒店经理接触后感染的。
这两位可能在飞行途中被感染的乘客坐在飞机靠尾部的座位，正对着过道那头七位被感染却不知情的乘客。
此前，3月2日从英国飞往越南的一个航班上，一名乘客似乎将病毒传染给了14名其他乘客和一名乘务员，这是迄今为止已知的唯一一个机上一人传染多人的案例。
飞机上传染风险明显较低的一个解释是，现代机舱中的空气每2到3分钟就会换一次，多数飞机都配备了空气过滤机，可以过滤掉99.99%的颗粒物。
与此同时，航空公司实行了各种新规定，比如乘客和机组人员都要遮盖面部（这在多数航空公司都是强制性规定）、进行体温筛查以及加强机舱清洁和飞行途中限制机舱内活动。
在最近的一项针对中间座位空置政策成效的研究中，麻省理工学院斯隆管理学院的统计学教授阿诺德·巴奈特试图量化短程飞行期间感染病毒的几率。
根据巴奈特的研究结果，基于在过道两边配备了三个座位的飞机（比如空客320和波音737）的美国短途航班数据，假定每个人都佩戴了口罩，那么在满员航班上感染新冠病毒的几率为4300分之一。如果中间座位空置，感染几率则降到了7700分之一。
这些数据专门适用于美国境内的两小时航班，美国目前的新冠肺炎确诊病例是全世界最高的。
巴奈特表示，在病例少的世界其他地区机上感染几率会更低，长途航班的感染几率则会更高。
巴奈特还表示，满员航班上坐在靠过道座位和坐在靠窗座位的乘客感染风险没多大差别。
不过，坐在靠过道座位的乘客感染几率会略高，因为他们周围的人更多。
巴奈特称：“和你坐同排的人对你威胁更大，坐前后排的人对你威胁更小。”
“从统计数据来看，在满员航班上坐靠窗座位比坐中间座位或靠过道座位稍微更安全一点。但是差别不大。”
英文来源：美国有线电视新闻网
翻译&编辑：丹妮 |
世卫组织总干事谭德塞在8月24日的记者会上表示，世卫组织发起“新冠疫苗全球获得机制”，目标是在2021年年底前提供约20亿剂新冠疫苗。目前这一机制下有9种疫苗，世卫组织也在对其他候选疫苗进行评估。
World Health Organization (WHO) Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus attends a news conference amid the COVID-19 outbreak at the WHO headquarters in Geneva Switzerland on July 3, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
The World Health Organization said on Monday it hopes to deliver by the end of next year at least 2 billion doses of safe, effective vaccines through its vaccine initiative.
世界卫生组织周一（8月24日）表示，希望通过新冠疫苗计划在明年年底前提供至少20亿剂安全、有效的疫苗。
As of Monday, 172 countries were engaging with the initiative, which is known as the COVAX Global Vaccines Facility.
截至周一，已有172个国家参与了这项被称为“新冠疫苗全球获得机制”（COVAX）的计划。
At present, nine potential vaccines are part of the dynamic portfolio, which is constantly being reviewed and optimized to ensure access to the best possible range of products.
目前，这一机制下有九种候选疫苗，并可能在将来进行调整。世卫组织正对其不断审查和优化，以确保获得最佳的疫苗产品。
WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus said discussions are ongoing with four additional producers, and a further nine vaccines are currently under evaluation for the longer term.
世卫组织总干事谭德塞表示，目前正与另外四家生产商进行讨论，并对另外九种疫苗进行长期评估。
"The facility is the critical mechanism for joint procurement and pooling risk across multiple vaccines so that whichever vaccine is proven to be safe and effective, all countries within the facility will be able to access them," he said during a virtual news briefing from Geneva.
他在日内瓦举行的一场在线新闻发布会上说：“这是联合采购多种疫苗并分担风险的关键机制，以便无论哪种疫苗被证明是安全和有效的，该机制内的所有国家都能获得这些疫苗。”
pool [puːl]：vt.合伙经营
A woman holds a small bottle labeled with a "Vaccine COVID-19" sticker and a medical syringe in this illustration taken on April 10, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
He emphasized that the most important thing is that the mechanism enables a globally coordinated rollout.
他强调说，最重要的是，该机制使全球合作推出疫苗成为可能。
The WHO is working with vaccine manufacturers to provide all countries that join the effort with timely and equitable access to all approved vaccines.
世卫组织正与疫苗生产商合作，为所有参与这一计划的国家及时和公平地提供所有经批准的疫苗。
"This doesn't just pool risk, it also means that prices will be kept as low as possible," Tedros said.
谭德塞说：“这不仅意味着分担风险，还意味着价格将保持在尽可能低的水平。”
He warned that it would lead to a prolonged pandemic if only a small number of countries got most of the supply.
他警告说，如果只有少数国家获得了大部分的（疫苗）供应，将导致长期的疫情。
"Vaccine nationalism only helps the virus," he said.
“疫苗民族主义只会帮助病毒，”他说。
And he emphasized that the world has so far invested $12 trillion in keeping economies moving, but that investing in the COVAX Facility is the fastest way to end the COVID-19 pandemic and ensure a sustainable economic recovery.
他强调，世界各国迄今已投资12万亿美元（约合人民币82万亿元）维持经济运行，但投资于COVAX机制是结束新冠肺炎疫情、确保经济可持续复苏的最快途径。
"The success of the COVAX Facility hinges not only on countries signing up to it, but also filling key funding gaps for both the research and development work and to support lower-income economies within the facility," Tedros said.
谭德塞说：“COVAX机制的成功不仅取决于参与该机制的国家，还取决于填补研究和开发疫苗工作的关键资金缺口，以及在该机制内支持低收入经济体。”
有约束力的承诺
He emphasized that, in order to be able to secure enough doses to roll out vaccines, the next step for the partnership will be for countries to make binding commitments in support of the COVAX Facility. He added that the COVAX Facility offers a huge return on investment.
他强调，为了能够获得足够的剂量来推出疫苗，这种合作关系的下一步将是各国作出有约束力的承诺，支持COVAX机制。他补充说，COVAX机制投资回报巨大。
According to the WHO, there are more than 170 candidate vaccines, with seven in the final phase 3 of large-scale efficacy trials. None has been approved for general use so far.
据世卫组织介绍，目前有170多种候选疫苗，其中7种处于大规模疗效试验的最终阶段。到目前为止，还没有一种被批准广泛接种。
Vaccines normally require years of testing and additional time to produce at scale, but scientists are hoping to develop a COVID-19 vaccine within 12 to 18 months.
疫苗通常需要数年的测试和额外的时间来大规模生产，但科学家希望在12至18个月内研制出新冠疫苗。
Russia said on Saturday it has produced its first batch of a COVID-19 vaccine, after President Vladimir Putin announced the nation was the first to approve a vaccine, the
Moscow Times
reported on Monday.
据《莫斯科时报》周一报道，在俄罗斯总统普京宣布该国第一个批准新冠肺炎疫苗后，俄罗斯于上周六宣布已生产出第一批新冠肺炎疫苗。
Mexico will receive at least 2,000 doses of Russia's vaccine as part of its phase 3 clinical trials.
作为三期临床试验的一部分，墨西哥将接受至少2000剂俄罗斯疫苗。
The European Union announced on Monday that it had concluded exploratory talks with US firm Moderna to purchase a potential vaccine after a similar talk last week with Germany-based CureVac.
欧盟周一宣布，已经结束了与美国Moderna公司的试探性谈判，以购买一种候选疫苗。上周，欧盟与德国CureVac公司进行了类似的谈判。
It follows the EU securing COVID-19 potential vaccines from Sanofi-GSK on July 31 and from Johnson& Johnson on Aug 13 as well as an advanced purchase agreement with AstraZeneca on Aug 14.
此前，欧盟与赛诺菲-葛兰素史克（7月31日）和强生公司（8月13日）达成了新冠肺炎候选疫苗供应协议，并于8月14日与阿斯利康签署了一份高级采购协议。
英文来源：
中国日报
翻译&编辑：yaning | World Health Organization (WHO) Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus attends a news conference amid the COVID-19 outbreak at the WHO headquarters in Geneva Switzerland on July 3, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
The World Health Organization said on Monday it hopes to deliver by the end of next year at least 2 billion doses of safe, effective vaccines through its vaccine initiative.
As of Monday, 172 countries were engaging with the initiative, which is known as the COVAX Global Vaccines Facility.
At present, nine potential vaccines are part of the dynamic portfolio, which is constantly being reviewed and optimized to ensure access to the best possible range of products.
WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus said discussions are ongoing with four additional producers, and a further nine vaccines are currently under evaluation for the longer term.
"The facility is the critical mechanism for joint procurement and pooling risk across multiple vaccines so that whichever vaccine is proven to be safe and effective, all countries within the facility will be able to access them," he said during a virtual news briefing from Geneva.
A woman holds a small bottle labeled with a "Vaccine COVID-19" sticker and a medical syringe in this illustration taken on April 10, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
He emphasized that the most important thing is that the mechanism enables a globally coordinated rollout.
The WHO is working with vaccine manufacturers to provide all countries that join the effort with timely and equitable access to all approved vaccines.
"This doesn't just pool risk, it also means that prices will be kept as low as possible," Tedros said.
He warned that it would lead to a prolonged pandemic if only a small number of countries got most of the supply.
"Vaccine nationalism only helps the virus," he said.
And he emphasized that the world has so far invested $12 trillion in keeping economies moving, but that investing in the COVAX Facility is the fastest way to end the COVID-19 pandemic and ensure a sustainable economic recovery.
"The success of the COVAX Facility hinges not only on countries signing up to it, but also filling key funding gaps for both the research and development work and to support lower-income economies within the facility," Tedros said.
He emphasized that, in order to be able to secure enough doses to roll out vaccines, the next step for the partnership will be for countries to make binding commitments in support of the COVAX Facility. He added that the COVAX Facility offers a huge return on investment.
According to the WHO, there are more than 170 candidate vaccines, with seven in the final phase 3 of large-scale efficacy trials. None has been approved for general use so far.
Vaccines normally require years of testing and additional time to produce at scale, but scientists are hoping to develop a COVID-19 vaccine within 12 to 18 months.
Russia said on Saturday it has produced its first batch of a COVID-19 vaccine, after President Vladimir Putin announced the nation was the first to approve a vaccine, the
Moscow Times
reported on Monday.
Mexico will receive at least 2,000 doses of Russia's vaccine as part of its phase 3 clinical trials.
The European Union announced on Monday that it had concluded exploratory talks with US firm Moderna to purchase a potential vaccine after a similar talk last week with Germany-based CureVac.
It follows the EU securing COVID-19 potential vaccines from Sanofi-GSK on July 31 and from Johnson& Johnson on Aug 13 as well as an advanced purchase agreement with AstraZeneca on Aug 14. | 世卫组织总干事谭德塞在8月24日的记者会上表示，世卫组织发起“新冠疫苗全球获得机制”，目标是在2021年年底前提供约20亿剂新冠疫苗。目前这一机制下有9种疫苗，世卫组织也在对其他候选疫苗进行评估。
世界卫生组织周一（8月24日）表示，希望通过新冠疫苗计划在明年年底前提供至少20亿剂安全、有效的疫苗。
截至周一，已有172个国家参与了这项被称为“新冠疫苗全球获得机制”（COVAX）的计划。
目前，这一机制下有九种候选疫苗，并可能在将来进行调整。世卫组织正对其不断审查和优化，以确保获得最佳的疫苗产品。
世卫组织总干事谭德塞表示，目前正与另外四家生产商进行讨论，并对另外九种疫苗进行长期评估。
他在日内瓦举行的一场在线新闻发布会上说：“这是联合采购多种疫苗并分担风险的关键机制，以便无论哪种疫苗被证明是安全和有效的，该机制内的所有国家都能获得这些疫苗。”
pool [puːl]：vt.合伙经营
他强调说，最重要的是，该机制使全球合作推出疫苗成为可能。
世卫组织正与疫苗生产商合作，为所有参与这一计划的国家及时和公平地提供所有经批准的疫苗。
谭德塞说：“这不仅意味着分担风险，还意味着价格将保持在尽可能低的水平。”
他警告说，如果只有少数国家获得了大部分的（疫苗）供应，将导致长期的疫情。
“疫苗民族主义只会帮助病毒，”他说。
他强调，世界各国迄今已投资12万亿美元（约合人民币82万亿元）维持经济运行，但投资于COVAX机制是结束新冠肺炎疫情、确保经济可持续复苏的最快途径。
谭德塞说：“COVAX机制的成功不仅取决于参与该机制的国家，还取决于填补研究和开发疫苗工作的关键资金缺口，以及在该机制内支持低收入经济体。”
有约束力的承诺
他强调，为了能够获得足够的剂量来推出疫苗，这种合作关系的下一步将是各国作出有约束力的承诺，支持COVAX机制。他补充说，COVAX机制投资回报巨大。
据世卫组织介绍，目前有170多种候选疫苗，其中7种处于大规模疗效试验的最终阶段。到目前为止，还没有一种被批准广泛接种。
疫苗通常需要数年的测试和额外的时间来大规模生产，但科学家希望在12至18个月内研制出新冠疫苗。
据《莫斯科时报》周一报道，在俄罗斯总统普京宣布该国第一个批准新冠肺炎疫苗后，俄罗斯于上周六宣布已生产出第一批新冠肺炎疫苗。
作为三期临床试验的一部分，墨西哥将接受至少2000剂俄罗斯疫苗。
欧盟周一宣布，已经结束了与美国Moderna公司的试探性谈判，以购买一种候选疫苗。上周，欧盟与德国CureVac公司进行了类似的谈判。
此前，欧盟与赛诺菲-葛兰素史克（7月31日）和强生公司（8月13日）达成了新冠肺炎候选疫苗供应协议，并于8月14日与阿斯利康签署了一份高级采购协议。
英文来源：
中国日报
翻译&编辑：yaning |
从明年起，柏林国际电影节将不再按男女性别颁发表演奖项，而是合并为最佳主角银熊奖，并增加最佳配角银熊奖。主办方表示，2021年电影节将如期线下举办。
The awarded pose for a family picture after the awards ceremony at the 70th Berlinale International Film Festival in Berlin, Germany, February 29, 2020. REUTERS/Fabrizio Bensch
The organizers of the Berlin International Film Festival say they will stop awarding separate acting prizes to women and men beginning next year.
柏林国际电影节主办方称，他们将从明年起停止分别向男女演员颁发表演奖项。
Berlinale organizers said Monday the performance awards will be defined in a gender-neutral way at next year's festival, for which a physical event is planned.
柏林电影节主办方8月24日称，明年的电影节将在线下举办，并颁发不区分性别的表演奖。
The festival awards a Golden Bear for the best film and a series of Silver Bears, which until this year included best actor and best actress honors. Organizers said those prizes will be replaced with a Silver Bear for Best Leading Performance and a Silver Bear for Best Supporting Performance.
柏林电影节颁发最佳影片金熊奖和一系列银熊奖，到今年为止银熊奖还包括最佳男演员和最佳女演员奖。主办方表示，这些奖项将被最佳主角银熊奖和最佳配角银熊奖取代。
In a statement, the co-heads of the festival, Mariette Rissenbeek and Carlo Chatrian, said “not separating the awards in the acting field according to gender comprises a signal for a more gender-sensitive awareness in the film industry.”
柏林电影节的共同负责人玛丽特·里森贝克和卡洛·查登在一份声明中说：“不按性别区分表演奖蕴含着一个信号，意味着电影界的性别敏感意识增强了。”
At the same time, the Alfred Bauer Prize, which is named after the festival's founding director, will be permanently retired. The prize was suspended this year due to revelations about Bauer's role in the Nazis’ moviemaking bureaucracy.
与此同时，以创办柏林电影节的导演名字命名的阿尔弗雷德·鲍尔奖将永久取消。因为鲍尔被曝出是纳粹电影部门的成员，今年该奖项暂停颁发。
Commenting on the decision to hold a physical event next year, despite uncertainties due to the coronavirus pandemic, the two directors stressed the need for a “lively relationship with the audience.”
尽管疫情带来了不确定性，电影节依然决定明年举行线下活动。两位导演在评论这一决定时强调需要“和观众保持活跃关系”。
"In times of the corona pandemic, it has become even clearer that we still require analogue experience spaces in the cultural realm,” they said, noting that other festivals have also resumed holding physical rather than virtual events.
他们表示：“在新冠疫情期间，很显然我们仍然需要文化领域的模拟体验。”他们指出，其他电影节也恢复了线下活动，而不再采用线上形式。
The 2021 festival is scheduled for Feb. 11-21. This year's festival was one of the last major events that took place before the coronavirus pandemic largely shut down public life in Germany.
2021年柏林电影节定于2月11日至21日举行。今年的柏林电影节是在德国的社会生活因新冠疫情而大范围停摆之前举行的最后几个大型活动之一。
英文来源：美国广播公司新闻网
翻译&编辑：丹妮 | The awarded pose for a family picture after the awards ceremony at the 70th Berlinale International Film Festival in Berlin, Germany, February 29, 2020. REUTERS/Fabrizio Bensch
The organizers of the Berlin International Film Festival say they will stop awarding separate acting prizes to women and men beginning next year.
Berlinale organizers said Monday the performance awards will be defined in a gender-neutral way at next year's festival, for which a physical event is planned.
The festival awards a Golden Bear for the best film and a series of Silver Bears, which until this year included best actor and best actress honors. Organizers said those prizes will be replaced with a Silver Bear for Best Leading Performance and a Silver Bear for Best Supporting Performance.
In a statement, the co-heads of the festival, Mariette Rissenbeek and Carlo Chatrian, said “not separating the awards in the acting field according to gender comprises a signal for a more gender-sensitive awareness in the film industry.”
At the same time, the Alfred Bauer Prize, which is named after the festival's founding director, will be permanently retired. The prize was suspended this year due to revelations about Bauer's role in the Nazis’ moviemaking bureaucracy.
Commenting on the decision to hold a physical event next year, despite uncertainties due to the coronavirus pandemic, the two directors stressed the need for a “lively relationship with the audience.”
"In times of the corona pandemic, it has become even clearer that we still require analogue experience spaces in the cultural realm,” they said, noting that other festivals have also resumed holding physical rather than virtual events.
The 2021 festival is scheduled for Feb. 11-21. This year's festival was one of the last major events that took place before the coronavirus pandemic largely shut down public life in Germany. | 从明年起，柏林国际电影节将不再按男女性别颁发表演奖项，而是合并为最佳主角银熊奖，并增加最佳配角银熊奖。主办方表示，2021年电影节将如期线下举办。
柏林国际电影节主办方称，他们将从明年起停止分别向男女演员颁发表演奖项。
柏林电影节主办方8月24日称，明年的电影节将在线下举办，并颁发不区分性别的表演奖。
柏林电影节颁发最佳影片金熊奖和一系列银熊奖，到今年为止银熊奖还包括最佳男演员和最佳女演员奖。主办方表示，这些奖项将被最佳主角银熊奖和最佳配角银熊奖取代。
柏林电影节的共同负责人玛丽特·里森贝克和卡洛·查登在一份声明中说：“不按性别区分表演奖蕴含着一个信号，意味着电影界的性别敏感意识增强了。”
与此同时，以创办柏林电影节的导演名字命名的阿尔弗雷德·鲍尔奖将永久取消。因为鲍尔被曝出是纳粹电影部门的成员，今年该奖项暂停颁发。
尽管疫情带来了不确定性，电影节依然决定明年举行线下活动。两位导演在评论这一决定时强调需要“和观众保持活跃关系”。
他们表示：“在新冠疫情期间，很显然我们仍然需要文化领域的模拟体验。”他们指出，其他电影节也恢复了线下活动，而不再采用线上形式。
2021年柏林电影节定于2月11日至21日举行。今年的柏林电影节是在德国的社会生活因新冠疫情而大范围停摆之前举行的最后几个大型活动之一。
英文来源：美国广播公司新闻网
翻译&编辑：丹妮 |
一名新冠肺炎康复者自欧洲返回香港后，其新冠病毒检测结果再次呈阳性。香港大学微生物学系团队证实，该患者是第二次感染新冠病毒，属全球首例。
Residents don face masks in Hung Hom, Hong Kong, Aug 13, 2020. [Photo/Xinhua]
Hong Kong scientists are reporting the case of a healthy man in his 30s who became reinfected with coronavirus four and a half months after his first bout.
香港科学家报告说，一名30多岁的健康男子在首次感染新冠病毒四个半月后第二次感染。
bout [baʊt]：n.回合；发作
They say genome sequencing shows the two strains of the virus are "clearly different", making it the world's first proven case of reinfection.
科学家表示，基因组测序显示，两次感染病毒的毒株“明显不同”，使之成为全球首例被证实的二次感染病例。
The World Health Organization warns it is important not to jump to conclusions based on the case of one patient.
世界卫生组织警告说，目前重要的是，不要根据某一个病人的情况就贸然下结论。
jump to conclusions：过早下结论
And experts say reinfections may be rare and not necessarily serious.
专家说，二次感染可能很罕见，而且不一定很严重。
There have been more than 23 million cases of coronavirus infection around the world.
目前，全球新冠肺炎确诊病例达到2300多万例。
Those infected develop an immune response as their bodies fight off the virus which helps to protect them against it returning.
当身体对抗病毒时，受感染者会产生一种免疫反应，这种反应有助于保护他们免受二次感染。
The strongest immune response has been found in the most seriously ill patients.
在病情最严重的病人身上发现了最强的免疫反应。
But it is still not clear how strong this protection or immunity is - or how long it lasts.
但目前还不清楚这种保护或免疫力有多强，也不清楚它能持续多久。
A medical worker tests novel coronavirus samples at a lab in Beijing, on June 26, 2020. [Photo/Xinhua]
And the World Health Organization said larger studies over time of people who had previously had coronavirus were needed to find out more.
此外，世界卫生组织表示，还需要对曾感染新冠病毒的人进行更长时间以及更大规模的研究，以发现更多信息。
This report, by the University of Hong Kong, due to be published in
Clinical Infectious Diseases
, says the man spent 14 days in hospital before recovering from the virus but then, despite having no further symptoms, tested positive for the virus a second time, following a saliva test during airport screening.
香港大学将把报告发表在《临床传染病》期刊上。报告称，这位男子此前住院14天才从病毒感染中康复。此次该男子没有任何症状，但在机场检测时进行唾液测试，病毒检测再次呈阳性。
"This is a very rare example of reinfection," said Brendan Wren, professor of microbial pathogenesis, at London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.
伦敦卫生和热带医学院的微生物发病机理教授布伦丹·雷恩说：“这是二次感染的一个非常罕见的例子。”
"And it should not negate the global drive to develop Covid-19 vaccines.
“这也不应否定全球研发新冠疫苗的努力。”
"It is to be expected that the virus will naturally mutate over time."
“可以预料，随着时间的推移，病毒会自然变异。
Dr Jeffrey Barrett, senior scientific consultant for the Covid-19 genome project at the Wellcome Sanger Institute, said: "Given the number of global infections to date, seeing one case of reinfection is not that surprising even if it is a very rare occurrence.
威康桑格研究所新冠病毒基因组项目高级科学顾问杰弗里·巴雷特博士说：“考虑到迄今全球感染病例的数量，看到一例二次感染并不那么令人惊讶，尽管这种情况非常罕见。”
"It may be that second infections, when they do occur, are not serious - though we don't know whether this person was infectious during their second episode."
他说：“可能第二次感染发生时并不严重，不过我们不知道这个人在第二次感染时是否具有传染性。
Prof Paul Hunter, from the University of East Anglia, said more information about this and other cases of reinfection was needed "before we can really understand the implications".
东安格利亚大学的保罗·亨特教授说，“在我们真正理解其影响之前”，需要更多关于这个病例和其他二次感染病例的信息。
英文来源：BBC
翻译&编辑：yaning | Residents don face masks in Hung Hom, Hong Kong, Aug 13, 2020. [Photo/Xinhua]
Hong Kong scientists are reporting the case of a healthy man in his 30s who became reinfected with coronavirus four and a half months after his first bout.
They say genome sequencing shows the two strains of the virus are "clearly different", making it the world's first proven case of reinfection.
The World Health Organization warns it is important not to jump to conclusions based on the case of one patient.
And experts say reinfections may be rare and not necessarily serious.
There have been more than 23 million cases of coronavirus infection around the world.
Those infected develop an immune response as their bodies fight off the virus which helps to protect them against it returning.
The strongest immune response has been found in the most seriously ill patients.
But it is still not clear how strong this protection or immunity is - or how long it lasts.
A medical worker tests novel coronavirus samples at a lab in Beijing, on June 26, 2020. [Photo/Xinhua]
And the World Health Organization said larger studies over time of people who had previously had coronavirus were needed to find out more.
This report, by the University of Hong Kong, due to be published in
Clinical Infectious Diseases
, says the man spent 14 days in hospital before recovering from the virus but then, despite having no further symptoms, tested positive for the virus a second time, following a saliva test during airport screening.
"This is a very rare example of reinfection," said Brendan Wren, professor of microbial pathogenesis, at London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.
"And it should not negate the global drive to develop Covid-19 vaccines.
"It is to be expected that the virus will naturally mutate over time."
Dr Jeffrey Barrett, senior scientific consultant for the Covid-19 genome project at the Wellcome Sanger Institute, said: "Given the number of global infections to date, seeing one case of reinfection is not that surprising even if it is a very rare occurrence.
"It may be that second infections, when they do occur, are not serious - though we don't know whether this person was infectious during their second episode."
Prof Paul Hunter, from the University of East Anglia, said more information about this and other cases of reinfection was needed "before we can really understand the implications". | 一名新冠肺炎康复者自欧洲返回香港后，其新冠病毒检测结果再次呈阳性。香港大学微生物学系团队证实，该患者是第二次感染新冠病毒，属全球首例。
香港科学家报告说，一名30多岁的健康男子在首次感染新冠病毒四个半月后第二次感染。
bout [baʊt]：n.回合；发作
科学家表示，基因组测序显示，两次感染病毒的毒株“明显不同”，使之成为全球首例被证实的二次感染病例。
世界卫生组织警告说，目前重要的是，不要根据某一个病人的情况就贸然下结论。
jump to conclusions：过早下结论
专家说，二次感染可能很罕见，而且不一定很严重。
目前，全球新冠肺炎确诊病例达到2300多万例。
当身体对抗病毒时，受感染者会产生一种免疫反应，这种反应有助于保护他们免受二次感染。
在病情最严重的病人身上发现了最强的免疫反应。
但目前还不清楚这种保护或免疫力有多强，也不清楚它能持续多久。
此外，世界卫生组织表示，还需要对曾感染新冠病毒的人进行更长时间以及更大规模的研究，以发现更多信息。
香港大学将把报告发表在《临床传染病》期刊上。报告称，这位男子此前住院14天才从病毒感染中康复。此次该男子没有任何症状，但在机场检测时进行唾液测试，病毒检测再次呈阳性。
伦敦卫生和热带医学院的微生物发病机理教授布伦丹·雷恩说：“这是二次感染的一个非常罕见的例子。”
“这也不应否定全球研发新冠疫苗的努力。”
“可以预料，随着时间的推移，病毒会自然变异。
威康桑格研究所新冠病毒基因组项目高级科学顾问杰弗里·巴雷特博士说：“考虑到迄今全球感染病例的数量，看到一例二次感染并不那么令人惊讶，尽管这种情况非常罕见。”
他说：“可能第二次感染发生时并不严重，不过我们不知道这个人在第二次感染时是否具有传染性。
东安格利亚大学的保罗·亨特教授说，“在我们真正理解其影响之前”，需要更多关于这个病例和其他二次感染病例的信息。
英文来源：BBC
翻译&编辑：yaning |
英国的新研究发现，在控制新冠病毒传播这件事上，音量很关键。相比大喊大叫和高声唱歌，轻声讲话和唱歌产生的气溶胶总量要低得多，从而能降低新冠病毒传播风险。
Photo by Alyssa Yung on Unsplash
Sing softly and don’t shout to reduce the risk of Covid-19 spread, new research suggests, offering a ray of hope for musicians who have been restricted from performing in public.
新研究指出，轻声歌唱、不喊叫可以降低新冠病毒传播风险，这给那些被限制在公共场合表演的音乐家带来了一丝希望。
Music makers have been hit hard by the coronavirus pandemic, with singing, as well as playing of woodwind and brass instruments deemed to be a potential high risk for spreading the disease – a concern fuelled by outbreaks in choirs.
音乐家受疫情打击很严重，因为演唱以及吹奏木管和铜管乐器被视为传播新冠肺炎的潜在高危因素，合唱团暴发的聚集性病例加剧了这一担忧。
But the research offers hope to performers keen to get back on stage as soon as possible.
但是这项研究为那些想尽快回到舞台的表演者带来了希望。
"It is not about the vocalisation – whether it’s singing or speaking – it is about the volume,” said Jonathan Reid, a professor of physical chemistry at the University of Bristol and a co-author of the research. “Just by singing a little bit more softly you really reduce the risk.”
该研究的合著者、布里斯托大学物理化学系教授乔纳森·里德说：“无论是唱歌还是说话，都与发声方式无关，而是与音量有关。唱歌时稍微轻柔一些就能降低传播风险。”
In a study that has yet to be peer-reviewed, the team report how they asked 25 professional singers to breathe, speak, cough and sing into funnels. They then measured the mass of tiny droplets suspended in the air, known as aerosols, that were produced. The experiments were set up in an orthopaedic operating theatre, a setting chosen for its lack of background aerosols.
在一项尚未经过同行评议的研究中，研究团队请25名专业歌手对着漏斗状的器具呼吸、讲话、咳嗽和唱歌。然后他们测量了由此产生的气溶胶（在空气中悬浮的微小飞沫）的总量。实验在一个骨科手术室进行，选择这个环境是因为这里的气溶胶较少。
While one route by which Covid-19 spreads is via big droplets, largely produced when someone coughs and which fall to the ground within a couple of metres, Reid said aerosols were another possible route, noting such tiny droplets can linger in the air.
新冠病毒传播的一条路径是通过飞沫，大多是在某人咳嗽时产生，在一两米的距离内会落到地面。里德表示，气溶胶是另外一条可能的传播路径，他指出微小的飞沫会悬浮在空气中。
The team found the results of their study varied across participants, however at the lowest volume singing and speaking generated a similar mass of aerosols as breathing.
研究团队发现，参与者的结果各有不同，但是用最低音量唱歌和说话的人产生的气溶胶和呼吸时产生的气溶胶数量相近。
But when the team asked participants to recite
Happy Birthday
at different volumes, they found the loudest singing and speaking – 90-100dB – produced about 36 and 24 times the mass of aerosols respectively as generated by breathing.
但是当研究团队请参与者用不同音量唱《生日快乐》这首歌时，他们发现用最大音量（90到100分贝）唱歌和说话所产生的气溶胶分别是呼吸所产生的气溶胶的36倍和24倍。
"The volume of the activity, whether it is speaking or singing softly or speaking or singing loudly, that is really the main factor in governing the aerosol mass that is generated,” said Reid, adding that while singing generates a slightly higher mass of aerosols than speaking, at least when loud, the difference is very small compared with the effect of volume.
里德说：“无论是轻声讲话或唱歌还是大声讲话或唱歌，音量确实是决定产生的气溶胶总量的主要因素。”他补充道，尽管唱歌时产生的气溶胶总量比讲话时产生的气溶胶总量略高（至少在大声唱歌和讲话时是如此），二者区别和音量引起的区别相比微乎其微。
Co-author Declan Costello, an ear, nose and throat surgeon at Wexham Park hospital, noted other factors, including the size of the space and ventilation and duration of loud vocalisation, play an important role in potential infection risk.
研究报告的合著者、韦克斯汉姆公园医院的耳鼻喉外科医生德克兰·科斯特洛指出，空间大小、通风情况和高音量发声持续时间等其他因素对潜在感染风险也有重要影响。
In other words singing in a cathedral might pose a lower risk for spreading Covid-19 than shouting across a crowded pub. “Intuitively that would seem to be the case, assuming people are speaking or singing at the same sorts of volume,” said Costello.
换言之，在大教堂中唱歌相比在拥挤的酒馆中大叫造成的新冠病毒传播风险可能更低。科斯特洛说：“凭直觉来说是这样，假定人们讲话或唱歌的音量相等。”
However the research has limitations: it only measured aerosols produced by one individual at a time, while it did not look at how much virus was contained in the aerosol or the actual infection risk posed by the levels of aerosol produced.
但是这项研究也有局限性：它只测量了一个人一次性产生的气溶胶，没有测量气溶胶中所含的病毒数量，以及气溶胶引发的实际感染风险。
The team say their findings have already contributed to new guidance for England released on 15 August by the Department for Digital, Culture, Media & Sport.
研究团队称，他们的发现已经被数字、文化、媒体和体育部8月15日发布的英格兰（新冠防控）新指导意见收录。
英文来源：卫报
翻译&编辑：丹妮 | Photo by Alyssa Yung on Unsplash
Sing softly and don’t shout to reduce the risk of Covid-19 spread, new research suggests, offering a ray of hope for musicians who have been restricted from performing in public.
Music makers have been hit hard by the coronavirus pandemic, with singing, as well as playing of woodwind and brass instruments deemed to be a potential high risk for spreading the disease – a concern fuelled by outbreaks in choirs.
But the research offers hope to performers keen to get back on stage as soon as possible.
"It is not about the vocalisation – whether it’s singing or speaking – it is about the volume,” said Jonathan Reid, a professor of physical chemistry at the University of Bristol and a co-author of the research. “Just by singing a little bit more softly you really reduce the risk.”
In a study that has yet to be peer-reviewed, the team report how they asked 25 professional singers to breathe, speak, cough and sing into funnels. They then measured the mass of tiny droplets suspended in the air, known as aerosols, that were produced. The experiments were set up in an orthopaedic operating theatre, a setting chosen for its lack of background aerosols.
While one route by which Covid-19 spreads is via big droplets, largely produced when someone coughs and which fall to the ground within a couple of metres, Reid said aerosols were another possible route, noting such tiny droplets can linger in the air.
The team found the results of their study varied across participants, however at the lowest volume singing and speaking generated a similar mass of aerosols as breathing.
But when the team asked participants to recite
Happy Birthday
at different volumes, they found the loudest singing and speaking – 90-100dB – produced about 36 and 24 times the mass of aerosols respectively as generated by breathing.
"The volume of the activity, whether it is speaking or singing softly or speaking or singing loudly, that is really the main factor in governing the aerosol mass that is generated,” said Reid, adding that while singing generates a slightly higher mass of aerosols than speaking, at least when loud, the difference is very small compared with the effect of volume.
Co-author Declan Costello, an ear, nose and throat surgeon at Wexham Park hospital, noted other factors, including the size of the space and ventilation and duration of loud vocalisation, play an important role in potential infection risk.
In other words singing in a cathedral might pose a lower risk for spreading Covid-19 than shouting across a crowded pub. “Intuitively that would seem to be the case, assuming people are speaking or singing at the same sorts of volume,” said Costello.
However the research has limitations: it only measured aerosols produced by one individual at a time, while it did not look at how much virus was contained in the aerosol or the actual infection risk posed by the levels of aerosol produced.
The team say their findings have already contributed to new guidance for England released on 15 August by the Department for Digital, Culture, Media & Sport. | 英国的新研究发现，在控制新冠病毒传播这件事上，音量很关键。相比大喊大叫和高声唱歌，轻声讲话和唱歌产生的气溶胶总量要低得多，从而能降低新冠病毒传播风险。
新研究指出，轻声歌唱、不喊叫可以降低新冠病毒传播风险，这给那些被限制在公共场合表演的音乐家带来了一丝希望。
音乐家受疫情打击很严重，因为演唱以及吹奏木管和铜管乐器被视为传播新冠肺炎的潜在高危因素，合唱团暴发的聚集性病例加剧了这一担忧。
但是这项研究为那些想尽快回到舞台的表演者带来了希望。
该研究的合著者、布里斯托大学物理化学系教授乔纳森·里德说：“无论是唱歌还是说话，都与发声方式无关，而是与音量有关。唱歌时稍微轻柔一些就能降低传播风险。”
在一项尚未经过同行评议的研究中，研究团队请25名专业歌手对着漏斗状的器具呼吸、讲话、咳嗽和唱歌。然后他们测量了由此产生的气溶胶（在空气中悬浮的微小飞沫）的总量。实验在一个骨科手术室进行，选择这个环境是因为这里的气溶胶较少。
新冠病毒传播的一条路径是通过飞沫，大多是在某人咳嗽时产生，在一两米的距离内会落到地面。里德表示，气溶胶是另外一条可能的传播路径，他指出微小的飞沫会悬浮在空气中。
研究团队发现，参与者的结果各有不同，但是用最低音量唱歌和说话的人产生的气溶胶和呼吸时产生的气溶胶数量相近。
但是当研究团队请参与者用不同音量唱《生日快乐》这首歌时，他们发现用最大音量（90到100分贝）唱歌和说话所产生的气溶胶分别是呼吸所产生的气溶胶的36倍和24倍。
里德说：“无论是轻声讲话或唱歌还是大声讲话或唱歌，音量确实是决定产生的气溶胶总量的主要因素。”他补充道，尽管唱歌时产生的气溶胶总量比讲话时产生的气溶胶总量略高（至少在大声唱歌和讲话时是如此），二者区别和音量引起的区别相比微乎其微。
研究报告的合著者、韦克斯汉姆公园医院的耳鼻喉外科医生德克兰·科斯特洛指出，空间大小、通风情况和高音量发声持续时间等其他因素对潜在感染风险也有重要影响。
换言之，在大教堂中唱歌相比在拥挤的酒馆中大叫造成的新冠病毒传播风险可能更低。科斯特洛说：“凭直觉来说是这样，假定人们讲话或唱歌的音量相等。”
但是这项研究也有局限性：它只测量了一个人一次性产生的气溶胶，没有测量气溶胶中所含的病毒数量，以及气溶胶引发的实际感染风险。
研究团队称，他们的发现已经被数字、文化、媒体和体育部8月15日发布的英格兰（新冠防控）新指导意见收录。
英文来源：卫报
翻译&编辑：丹妮 |
世界银行行长戴维·马尔帕斯日前警告说，新冠疫情可能导致1亿人重新陷入极端贫困。马尔帕斯说，如果新冠疫情持续恶化，“这个数字可能会更高”。
People wear protective masks as they wait in line at a testing site for the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) set up for returning students, faculty and staff on the main campus of New York University (NYU) in Manhattan in New York City, New York, US, August 18, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
The coronavirus pandemic may have driven as many as 100 million people back into extreme poverty, World Bank President David Malpass warned Thursday.
世界银行行长戴维·马尔帕斯8月20日警告说，新冠疫情或令1亿人重新陷入极端贫困。
The Washington-based development lender previously estimated that 60 million people would fall into extreme poverty due to COVID-19, but the new estimate puts the deterioration at 70 to 100 million, and he said “that number could go higher” if the pandemic worsens or drags on.
根据世界银行此前的估计，将有6000万人因为新冠疫情陷入极端贫困，但最新的评估将这一数字升高到7000万至1亿人。马尔帕斯说，如果疫情恶化或持续下去，“这个数字可能会更高”。世界银行的总部设在华盛顿。
The situation makes it “imperative” that creditors reduce the amount of debt held by poor countries at risk, going beyond the commitment to suspend debt payments, Malpass said in an interview with AFP.
马尔帕斯在接受法新社记者采访时说，这种形势使债权人“必须”减少身陷风险之中的穷国的债务，而不仅仅是承诺推迟偿债。
Even so, more countries will be obliged to restructure their debt.
即便如此，更多的国家将不得不重组其债务。
“The debt vulnerabilities are high, and the imperative of getting light at the end of the tunnel so that new investors can come in is substantial,” Malpass said.
马尔帕斯说：“债务脆弱性很高，必须让人们看到希望的曙光，以吸引新的投资者加入。”
Advanced economies in the Group of 20 already have committed to suspending debt payments from the poorest nations through the end of the year, and there is growing support for extending that moratorium into next year amid a pandemic that’s killed nearly 800,000 people and sickened more than 25 million worldwide.
二十国集团中的发达经济体已承诺，同意最贫穷国家暂停偿还债务至年底。目前全球新冠疫情已导致近80万人死亡，2500多万人患病，因此将暂停偿还债务政策的有效期延长至明年的呼声越来越高。
moratorium [ˌmɒrəˈtɔːriəm]：n.暂停，中止
A health worker teaches children how to wash their hands during a door-to-door testing in an attempt to contain the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak, in Umlazi township near Durban, South Africa, April 4, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
But Malpass said that will not be enough, since the economic downturn means those countries, which already are struggling to provide a safety net for their citizens, will not be in a better position to deal with the payments.
但马尔帕斯说，这还不够。因为经济衰退意味着，那些在为民众提供社会保障方面已经几近力不从心的国家，在偿债方面也同样陷入困境。
The amount of debt reduction needed will depend on the situation in each country, he said, but the policy “makes a lot of sense.”
马尔帕斯说，需要减少的债务量将基于每个经济体的不同情况，但这项政策“非常有意义”。
“So I think the awareness of this will be gradually, more and more apparent” especially “for the countries with the highest vulnerability to the debt situation.”
“因此，我认为人们会逐渐意识到这一点，这会越来越明显，尤其是那些最容易受到债务危机影响的国家。”
The World Bank has committed to deploying $160 billion in funding to 100 countries through June 2021 in an effort to address the immediate emergency, and about $21 billion had been released through the end of June.
世界银行承诺，到2021年6月为止，将向100个国家提供1600亿美元（约合人民币11065亿元）的资金，以应对迫在眉睫的紧急情况。截至今年6月底，世界银行已发放约210亿美元。
But even so, extreme poverty, defined as earning less than $1.90 a day, continues to rise.
但即便如此，极端贫困人口仍在增加。极端贫困的定义是每日收入低于1.9美元。
Malpass said the deterioration is due to a combination of the destruction of jobs during the pandemic as well as supply issues that make access to food more difficult.
马尔帕斯说，情况恶化是由于疫情期间就业岗位减少以及供应问题使人们更难获得食物。
“All of this contributes to pushing people back into extreme poverty the longer the economic crisis persists.”
“这一切将导致经济危机持续时间越长，就有越多的人重新陷入极端贫困。”
Newly-installed World Bank Chief Economist Carmen Reinhart has called the economic crisis a “pandemic depression,” but Malpass was less concerned with terminology.
新任世界银行首席经济学家卡门·赖因哈特将这场经济危机称为“疫情大萧条”，但马尔帕斯并不那么在意术语说法。
“We can start calling it a depression. Our focus is on how do we help countries be resilient in working out on the other side.”
他说：“我们可以开始称之为萧条。我们的重点在于在另一方面，如何帮助各国恢复发展。”
Having a clear view of the size of each country’s debt and the collateral involved also are key to being able to help the debtor nations, Malpass said.
马尔帕斯说，清楚地了解每个国家的债务规模和涉及的担保品也是帮助债务国的关键。
collateral[kəˈlætərəl]：抵押品，担保品
Governments in advanced economies so far have been “generous” in their support of developing nations, even while they take on heavy spending programs in their own countries, Malpass said.
马尔帕斯说，到目前为止，发达经济体的政府在支持发展中国家方面一直“慷慨”施以援手，即使发达经济体自身也要实施大规模支出计划。
“But the bigger problem is that their economies are weak,” Malpass said of the wealthy nations.
马尔帕斯在谈到发达经济体时说：“但更大的问题是，这些国家的经济也很疲弱。”
“The most important thing the advanced economies do for the developing countries is supply markets… start growing, and start reopening markets.”
“发达经济体为发展中国家做的最重要的事情是供应市场开始增长，并开始重新开放市场。”
英文来源：法新社
翻译&编辑：yaning | People wear protective masks as they wait in line at a testing site for the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) set up for returning students, faculty and staff on the main campus of New York University (NYU) in Manhattan in New York City, New York, US, August 18, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
The coronavirus pandemic may have driven as many as 100 million people back into extreme poverty, World Bank President David Malpass warned Thursday.
The Washington-based development lender previously estimated that 60 million people would fall into extreme poverty due to COVID-19, but the new estimate puts the deterioration at 70 to 100 million, and he said “that number could go higher” if the pandemic worsens or drags on.
The situation makes it “imperative” that creditors reduce the amount of debt held by poor countries at risk, going beyond the commitment to suspend debt payments, Malpass said in an interview with AFP.
Even so, more countries will be obliged to restructure their debt.
“The debt vulnerabilities are high, and the imperative of getting light at the end of the tunnel so that new investors can come in is substantial,” Malpass said.
Advanced economies in the Group of 20 already have committed to suspending debt payments from the poorest nations through the end of the year, and there is growing support for extending that moratorium into next year amid a pandemic that’s killed nearly 800,000 people and sickened more than 25 million worldwide.
A health worker teaches children how to wash their hands during a door-to-door testing in an attempt to contain the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak, in Umlazi township near Durban, South Africa, April 4, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
But Malpass said that will not be enough, since the economic downturn means those countries, which already are struggling to provide a safety net for their citizens, will not be in a better position to deal with the payments.
The amount of debt reduction needed will depend on the situation in each country, he said, but the policy “makes a lot of sense.”
“So I think the awareness of this will be gradually, more and more apparent” especially “for the countries with the highest vulnerability to the debt situation.”
The World Bank has committed to deploying $160 billion in funding to 100 countries through June 2021 in an effort to address the immediate emergency, and about $21 billion had been released through the end of June.
But even so, extreme poverty, defined as earning less than $1.90 a day, continues to rise.
Malpass said the deterioration is due to a combination of the destruction of jobs during the pandemic as well as supply issues that make access to food more difficult.
“All of this contributes to pushing people back into extreme poverty the longer the economic crisis persists.”
Newly-installed World Bank Chief Economist Carmen Reinhart has called the economic crisis a “pandemic depression,” but Malpass was less concerned with terminology.
“We can start calling it a depression. Our focus is on how do we help countries be resilient in working out on the other side.”
Having a clear view of the size of each country’s debt and the collateral involved also are key to being able to help the debtor nations, Malpass said.
Governments in advanced economies so far have been “generous” in their support of developing nations, even while they take on heavy spending programs in their own countries, Malpass said.
“But the bigger problem is that their economies are weak,” Malpass said of the wealthy nations.
“The most important thing the advanced economies do for the developing countries is supply markets… start growing, and start reopening markets.” | 世界银行行长戴维·马尔帕斯日前警告说，新冠疫情可能导致1亿人重新陷入极端贫困。马尔帕斯说，如果新冠疫情持续恶化，“这个数字可能会更高”。
世界银行行长戴维·马尔帕斯8月20日警告说，新冠疫情或令1亿人重新陷入极端贫困。
根据世界银行此前的估计，将有6000万人因为新冠疫情陷入极端贫困，但最新的评估将这一数字升高到7000万至1亿人。马尔帕斯说，如果疫情恶化或持续下去，“这个数字可能会更高”。世界银行的总部设在华盛顿。
马尔帕斯在接受法新社记者采访时说，这种形势使债权人“必须”减少身陷风险之中的穷国的债务，而不仅仅是承诺推迟偿债。
即便如此，更多的国家将不得不重组其债务。
马尔帕斯说：“债务脆弱性很高，必须让人们看到希望的曙光，以吸引新的投资者加入。”
二十国集团中的发达经济体已承诺，同意最贫穷国家暂停偿还债务至年底。目前全球新冠疫情已导致近80万人死亡，2500多万人患病，因此将暂停偿还债务政策的有效期延长至明年的呼声越来越高。
moratorium [ˌmɒrəˈtɔːriəm]：n.暂停，中止
但马尔帕斯说，这还不够。因为经济衰退意味着，那些在为民众提供社会保障方面已经几近力不从心的国家，在偿债方面也同样陷入困境。
马尔帕斯说，需要减少的债务量将基于每个经济体的不同情况，但这项政策“非常有意义”。
“因此，我认为人们会逐渐意识到这一点，这会越来越明显，尤其是那些最容易受到债务危机影响的国家。”
世界银行承诺，到2021年6月为止，将向100个国家提供1600亿美元（约合人民币11065亿元）的资金，以应对迫在眉睫的紧急情况。截至今年6月底，世界银行已发放约210亿美元。
但即便如此，极端贫困人口仍在增加。极端贫困的定义是每日收入低于1.9美元。
马尔帕斯说，情况恶化是由于疫情期间就业岗位减少以及供应问题使人们更难获得食物。
“这一切将导致经济危机持续时间越长，就有越多的人重新陷入极端贫困。”
新任世界银行首席经济学家卡门·赖因哈特将这场经济危机称为“疫情大萧条”，但马尔帕斯并不那么在意术语说法。
他说：“我们可以开始称之为萧条。我们的重点在于在另一方面，如何帮助各国恢复发展。”
马尔帕斯说，清楚地了解每个国家的债务规模和涉及的担保品也是帮助债务国的关键。
collateral[kəˈlætərəl]：抵押品，担保品
马尔帕斯说，到目前为止，发达经济体的政府在支持发展中国家方面一直“慷慨”施以援手，即使发达经济体自身也要实施大规模支出计划。
马尔帕斯在谈到发达经济体时说：“但更大的问题是，这些国家的经济也很疲弱。”
“发达经济体为发展中国家做的最重要的事情是供应市场开始增长，并开始重新开放市场。”
英文来源：法新社
翻译&编辑：yaning |
懒人的机会来了！如果你的不作为是有意义的，你将能申请德国汉堡美术大学的“闲人奖学金”，金额高达1600欧元。
Photo by Toa Heftiba on Unsplash
A German university is offering “idleness grants” to applicants who are seriously committed to doing sweet nothing.
德国一所大学正在向致力于无所事事的申请者提供“闲人奖学金”。
The University of Fine Arts in Hamburg advertised three €1,600 scholarship places on Wednesday to applicants from across Germany. The applicants can submit their anonymous pitches until 15 September and will have to convince a jury that their chosen area of “active inactivity” is particularly impressive or relevant.
8月19日，位于汉堡的美术大学向德国各地的申请者提供三个1600欧元（约合人民币1.3万元）的奖学金名额。申请者可以在9月15日前提交匿名自荐书，他们将必须说服评委会自己选择的“积极的不作为”领域让人印象特别深刻或特别有意义。
The application form consists of only four questions: What do you not want to do? For how long do you not want to do it? Why is it important not to do this thing in particular? Why are you the right person not to do it?
申请表上只有四个问题：你打算不做什么？你打算多长时间不做这件事？不做这件事为什么很重要？为什么你是不做这件事的合适人选？
"Doing nothing isn’t very easy,” said Friedrich von Borries, an architect and design theorist who came up with the programme. “We want to focus on active inactivity. If you say you are not going to move for a week, then that’s impressive. If you propose you are not going to move or think, that might be even better.”
提出这个项目的建筑师、设计理论家弗里德里希·冯·博里斯说：“什么也不做并不是很容易的事。我们想关注的是积极的不作为。如果你说你一整个星期都不动，这会让人印象深刻。如果你计划一整个星期不动也不想，这样可能更了不起。”
The idea behind the project arose from a discussion about the seeming contradiction of a society that promotes sustainability while simultaneously valuing success, Von Borries said. “This scholarship programme is not a joke but an experiment with serious intentions – how can you turn a society that is structured around achievements and accomplishments on its head?”
冯·博里斯说，这一项目的想法源自一次关于社会倡导可持续发展同时又重视成功这一矛盾的讨论。“这个奖学金项目不是玩笑，而是有着严肃意图的一个实验。你怎样能颠覆一个围绕着成果和成就构建起来的社会？”
The university’s bursary will only hand out the grant upon delivery of an “experience report” in the middle of January 2021, though Von Borries said the grant was not contingent on impact, and those who failed to live up to their promise of indolence would not be punished.
该大学的财务办公室到2021年1月中旬收到“体验报告”时才会发放奖学金，不过冯·博里斯表示，奖学金的发放不会以效果为依据，没能兑现懒惰承诺的人也不会受到惩罚。
bursary [ˈbɜːrsəri]: n. 财务办公室
contingent [kənˈtɪndʒənt]: adj.（损失、责任等）附带的；以事实为依据的；依情况而变的
Applicants are free to determine the length of their inactivity. “If you say you are not going to sleep, then you can only do that for a couple of days,” Von Borries said. “But if you say you are not going to shop then that’s something you could sustain for a lot longer.”
申请者可以自由决定不作为的时长。冯·博里斯说：“如果你说自己将不睡觉，那么你只能坚持几天。但如果你说你将不购物，那么你能坚持的时间会长得多。”
All applications will form part of an exhibition named The School of Inconsequentiality: Towards A Better Life, opening at the Hamburg university in November. It will be structured around the question: “What can I refrain from so that my life has fewer negative consequences on the lives of others?”
所有申请都将成为一项名为“无足轻重的学派：向着更好的生活”的展览的一部分，该展览将于11月在汉堡的美术大学开放。展览将会围绕这个问题：“为了让自己的生命对其他生命产生更少负面影响，我能克制自己不做什么事情？”
英文来源：卫报
翻译&编辑：丹妮 | Photo by Toa Heftiba on Unsplash
A German university is offering “idleness grants” to applicants who are seriously committed to doing sweet nothing.
The University of Fine Arts in Hamburg advertised three €1,600 scholarship places on Wednesday to applicants from across Germany. The applicants can submit their anonymous pitches until 15 September and will have to convince a jury that their chosen area of “active inactivity” is particularly impressive or relevant.
The application form consists of only four questions: What do you not want to do? For how long do you not want to do it? Why is it important not to do this thing in particular? Why are you the right person not to do it?
"Doing nothing isn’t very easy,” said Friedrich von Borries, an architect and design theorist who came up with the programme. “We want to focus on active inactivity. If you say you are not going to move for a week, then that’s impressive. If you propose you are not going to move or think, that might be even better.”
The idea behind the project arose from a discussion about the seeming contradiction of a society that promotes sustainability while simultaneously valuing success, Von Borries said. “This scholarship programme is not a joke but an experiment with serious intentions – how can you turn a society that is structured around achievements and accomplishments on its head?”
The university’s bursary will only hand out the grant upon delivery of an “experience report” in the middle of January 2021, though Von Borries said the grant was not contingent on impact, and those who failed to live up to their promise of indolence would not be punished.
Applicants are free to determine the length of their inactivity. “If you say you are not going to sleep, then you can only do that for a couple of days,” Von Borries said. “But if you say you are not going to shop then that’s something you could sustain for a lot longer.”
All applications will form part of an exhibition named The School of Inconsequentiality: Towards A Better Life, opening at the Hamburg university in November. It will be structured around the question: “What can I refrain from so that my life has fewer negative consequences on the lives of others?” | 懒人的机会来了！如果你的不作为是有意义的，你将能申请德国汉堡美术大学的“闲人奖学金”，金额高达1600欧元。
德国一所大学正在向致力于无所事事的申请者提供“闲人奖学金”。
8月19日，位于汉堡的美术大学向德国各地的申请者提供三个1600欧元（约合人民币1.3万元）的奖学金名额。申请者可以在9月15日前提交匿名自荐书，他们将必须说服评委会自己选择的“积极的不作为”领域让人印象特别深刻或特别有意义。
申请表上只有四个问题：你打算不做什么？你打算多长时间不做这件事？不做这件事为什么很重要？为什么你是不做这件事的合适人选？
提出这个项目的建筑师、设计理论家弗里德里希·冯·博里斯说：“什么也不做并不是很容易的事。我们想关注的是积极的不作为。如果你说你一整个星期都不动，这会让人印象深刻。如果你计划一整个星期不动也不想，这样可能更了不起。”
冯·博里斯说，这一项目的想法源自一次关于社会倡导可持续发展同时又重视成功这一矛盾的讨论。“这个奖学金项目不是玩笑，而是有着严肃意图的一个实验。你怎样能颠覆一个围绕着成果和成就构建起来的社会？”
该大学的财务办公室到2021年1月中旬收到“体验报告”时才会发放奖学金，不过冯·博里斯表示，奖学金的发放不会以效果为依据，没能兑现懒惰承诺的人也不会受到惩罚。
bursary [ˈbɜːrsəri]: n. 财务办公室
contingent [kənˈtɪndʒənt]: adj.（损失、责任等）附带的；以事实为依据的；依情况而变的
申请者可以自由决定不作为的时长。冯·博里斯说：“如果你说自己将不睡觉，那么你只能坚持几天。但如果你说你将不购物，那么你能坚持的时间会长得多。”
所有申请都将成为一项名为“无足轻重的学派：向着更好的生活”的展览的一部分，该展览将于11月在汉堡的美术大学开放。展览将会围绕这个问题：“为了让自己的生命对其他生命产生更少负面影响，我能克制自己不做什么事情？”
英文来源：卫报
翻译&编辑：丹妮 |
Last weekend is like a carnival for Harry Potter fans.
上周末，对于哈利·波特迷而言，是个值得狂欢的日子。
To celebrate the 20th anniversary of the introduction of the Harry Potter books to China, a 4K restored 3D version of Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone has been released across the mainland theaters, making China the first country in the world to screen the new version.
为庆祝“哈利·波特”系列图书引进中国20周年，《哈利·波特与魔法石》的全新4K修复3D版于8月14日在内地上映，中国是全球首个上映这一新版本的国家。
Despite it being sort of an "old film" which was first released 19 years ago, its charm has stood the test of time, making it a classic that can always offer new attractions in different times.
虽然，这是部19年前的“老片”，但经典跨越时间，历久弥新。
We have collected some interesting facts reported by foreign media, such as the industrial magazine Variety, the newspaper The Telegraph and also Vocal Media. You may be surprised to learn the film has such fascinating "secrets" you might not have known before.
本周末，我们根据外媒报道，搜集一些关于“哈利·波特”的有趣小知识。看完之后，或许你会恍然，原来这些年追过的“哈利·波特”，还有这些不知道的小秘密。
Harry's eye color
Harry Potter was supposed to have green eyes like he did in the book. But actor Daniel Radcliffe has blue eyes. The producers initially attempted to give Radcliffe green contact lenses, but Radcliffe had an allergic reaction to them, so the detail was dropped.
按照原著中的描述，哈利·波特眼睛本该是绿色的。但是演员丹尼尔·雷德克里夫的眼睛却是蓝色的。电影制作方最初打算让雷德克里夫佩戴绿色的隐形眼镜，因为他对隐形镜片过敏，所以这事儿就算了。
Real owls trained for 6 months
Many owls appear in the Harry Potter films. Harry's owl Hedwig is a two-foot tall snowy owl. Despite Hedwig being portrayed as female, the bird was actually male. The owls were trained by a falconer. And it took the owls six months to learn how to hold letters in their beaks. Some commenters once said they were more interested to know how the owls learned to stay awake during the day.
哈利·波特电影中有不少猫头鹰。哈利·波特自己的那只名叫海德薇，它是一只两英尺高的雪鸮。尽管原著里说它是雌性，但“演员”本鸟其实是雄性。一位驯鹰者对这些鸟儿进行训练，足足花了6个月才教会它们衔信。但也曾有好事的评论家们曾挑刺儿说，他们更感兴趣的是：“夜猫子”猫头鹰是怎么被教会在白天不犯困、精神抖擞好好拍片的。
Emma too beautiful for Hermione
If J.K. Rowling had met Emma Watson before she spoke to her, she may not have been cast. The author recalled: "It was really lucky I spoke to Emma first before I met her, because I fell absolutely in love with her. She spoke to me for about 60 seconds without taking a breath and I just said to her, 'Emma, you're perfect'. When I met her, and she was this very beautiful girl, I just had to go, 'Ok, ok. It's film. Deal with it'. I'm still going to see gawky, geeky Hermione in my mind."
如果J. K.罗琳在和艾玛·沃特森在通电话前见过面，艾玛·沃特森可能不会被选上。罗琳曾回忆道:“在见到艾玛之前，我很幸运地先通过电话和她聊了几句。我完全爱上了她，她一口气跟我说了大约60秒，我就对她说:“艾玛，你很完美。”当我后来见到她的时候，却发现她竟然非常漂亮。”因为罗琳对赫敏的设想是笨拙的、书呆子气的女孩儿，眼看木已成舟，她不得不自己脑补劝自己：“这毕竟是电影。就这么着吧。”
Rowling refused to play Harry's mom
That's what the filmmakers once wanted. Which would be fitting, as she always considered Harry her fictional son. However, Rowling declined. She later explained: "The filmmakers did ask me to play Lily Potter in the Mirror of Erised scene in the first film, but I really am not cut out to be an actress, even one who just has to stand there and wave. I would have messed it up somehow."
片方曾想让罗琳演哈利·波特的母亲。因为这位作家一直在心中把哈利视为自己的孩子，听起来这个邀请也蛮靠谱的。但是，罗琳拒绝了。她后来的解释是:“制片人让我在第一部电影中扮演厄里斯魔镜中的莉莉·波特，但我真的不适合当演员，即使只是站在那里挥手，我也可能会搞砸的。”
Rupert Grint's audition
When Grint — who starred as Ron — was 10, he auditioned for the role by submitting a video of himself dressed as a female drama teacher and rapping about how much he wanted the role. The rap started off with something along the lines of, "Hello there, my name's Rupert Grint, and I hope you like this and don't think I stink."
罗恩的扮演者，鲁伯特·格林特去试镜那年是10岁。他很想得到这个角色，为此他交了一段视频。在视频中他打扮成一位女戏剧老师，唱了段rap表示他有多想要这个角色。说唱的开头是这样的:“大家好，我的名字是鲁伯特·格林特，我希望你们喜欢我，不要觉得我挺遭人厌的。”好吧……我们哪能嫌弃你呢。
As time goes by, the child actors who have been part of our best memories of youth have grown up. No matter how their looks have changed, the silver screen has captured their cutest moments. Please share with us the moments from the Harry Potter franchise that impressed you the most.
时光如梭，这些曾见证我们青春岁月的小演员们，也都长大了。无论如何，感谢大银幕留下了他们的“萌值巅峰”。欢迎分享下你和“哈利·波特”系列最美好的时光。
记者：徐帆
来源：CHINADAILY微信公众号 | Last weekend is like a carnival for Harry Potter fans.
To celebrate the 20th anniversary of the introduction of the Harry Potter books to China, a 4K restored 3D version of Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone has been released across the mainland theaters, making China the first country in the world to screen the new version.
Despite it being sort of an "old film" which was first released 19 years ago, its charm has stood the test of time, making it a classic that can always offer new attractions in different times.
We have collected some interesting facts reported by foreign media, such as the industrial magazine Variety, the newspaper The Telegraph and also Vocal Media. You may be surprised to learn the film has such fascinating "secrets" you might not have known before.
Harry's eye color
Harry Potter was supposed to have green eyes like he did in the book. But actor Daniel Radcliffe has blue eyes. The producers initially attempted to give Radcliffe green contact lenses, but Radcliffe had an allergic reaction to them, so the detail was dropped.
Real owls trained for 6 months
Many owls appear in the Harry Potter films. Harry's owl Hedwig is a two-foot tall snowy owl. Despite Hedwig being portrayed as female, the bird was actually male. The owls were trained by a falconer. And it took the owls six months to learn how to hold letters in their beaks. Some commenters once said they were more interested to know how the owls learned to stay awake during the day.
Emma too beautiful for Hermione
If J.K. Rowling had met Emma Watson before she spoke to her, she may not have been cast. The author recalled: "It was really lucky I spoke to Emma first before I met her, because I fell absolutely in love with her. She spoke to me for about 60 seconds without taking a breath and I just said to her, 'Emma, you're perfect'. When I met her, and she was this very beautiful girl, I just had to go, 'Ok, ok. It's film. Deal with it'. I'm still going to see gawky, geeky Hermione in my mind."
Rowling refused to play Harry's mom
That's what the filmmakers once wanted. Which would be fitting, as she always considered Harry her fictional son. However, Rowling declined. She later explained: "The filmmakers did ask me to play Lily Potter in the Mirror of Erised scene in the first film, but I really am not cut out to be an actress, even one who just has to stand there and wave. I would have messed it up somehow."
Rupert Grint's audition
When Grint — who starred as Ron — was 10, he auditioned for the role by submitting a video of himself dressed as a female drama teacher and rapping about how much he wanted the role. The rap started off with something along the lines of, "Hello there, my name's Rupert Grint, and I hope you like this and don't think I stink."
As time goes by, the child actors who have been part of our best memories of youth have grown up. No matter how their looks have changed, the silver screen has captured their cutest moments. Please share with us the moments from the Harry Potter franchise that impressed you the most. | 上周末，对于哈利·波特迷而言，是个值得狂欢的日子。
为庆祝“哈利·波特”系列图书引进中国20周年，《哈利·波特与魔法石》的全新4K修复3D版于8月14日在内地上映，中国是全球首个上映这一新版本的国家。
虽然，这是部19年前的“老片”，但经典跨越时间，历久弥新。
本周末，我们根据外媒报道，搜集一些关于“哈利·波特”的有趣小知识。看完之后，或许你会恍然，原来这些年追过的“哈利·波特”，还有这些不知道的小秘密。
按照原著中的描述，哈利·波特眼睛本该是绿色的。但是演员丹尼尔·雷德克里夫的眼睛却是蓝色的。电影制作方最初打算让雷德克里夫佩戴绿色的隐形眼镜，因为他对隐形镜片过敏，所以这事儿就算了。
哈利·波特电影中有不少猫头鹰。哈利·波特自己的那只名叫海德薇，它是一只两英尺高的雪鸮。尽管原著里说它是雌性，但“演员”本鸟其实是雄性。一位驯鹰者对这些鸟儿进行训练，足足花了6个月才教会它们衔信。但也曾有好事的评论家们曾挑刺儿说，他们更感兴趣的是：“夜猫子”猫头鹰是怎么被教会在白天不犯困、精神抖擞好好拍片的。
如果J. K.罗琳在和艾玛·沃特森在通电话前见过面，艾玛·沃特森可能不会被选上。罗琳曾回忆道:“在见到艾玛之前，我很幸运地先通过电话和她聊了几句。我完全爱上了她，她一口气跟我说了大约60秒，我就对她说:“艾玛，你很完美。”当我后来见到她的时候，却发现她竟然非常漂亮。”因为罗琳对赫敏的设想是笨拙的、书呆子气的女孩儿，眼看木已成舟，她不得不自己脑补劝自己：“这毕竟是电影。就这么着吧。”
片方曾想让罗琳演哈利·波特的母亲。因为这位作家一直在心中把哈利视为自己的孩子，听起来这个邀请也蛮靠谱的。但是，罗琳拒绝了。她后来的解释是:“制片人让我在第一部电影中扮演厄里斯魔镜中的莉莉·波特，但我真的不适合当演员，即使只是站在那里挥手，我也可能会搞砸的。”
罗恩的扮演者，鲁伯特·格林特去试镜那年是10岁。他很想得到这个角色，为此他交了一段视频。在视频中他打扮成一位女戏剧老师，唱了段rap表示他有多想要这个角色。说唱的开头是这样的:“大家好，我的名字是鲁伯特·格林特，我希望你们喜欢我，不要觉得我挺遭人厌的。”好吧……我们哪能嫌弃你呢。
时光如梭，这些曾见证我们青春岁月的小演员们，也都长大了。无论如何，感谢大银幕留下了他们的“萌值巅峰”。欢迎分享下你和“哈利·波特”系列最美好的时光。
记者：徐帆
来源：CHINADAILY微信公众号 |
当地时间14日，美国国家动物园称园中的旅美大熊猫美香疑似怀孕，如果顺利的话最早在本周末就将分娩。这一难得的好消息引发美国网友关注。
Mei Xiang, a 22-year-old giant panda who came to the United States in 2000, could deliver a cub－or cubs－in the next few days, the Smithsonian's National Zoo in Washington has announced, after imaging revealed what appeared to be a fetus.
位于华盛顿的史密森尼国家动物园宣布，2000年赴美的22岁的旅美大熊猫美香可能在几日内诞下熊猫宝宝，此前的检查影像中看到了疑似胎儿的组织。
Mei Xiang holds her cub, Bei Bei, at the Smithsonian National Zoological Park in December 2015. MATT MCCLAIN/GETTY IMAGES
在美国国内新冠肺炎疫情笼罩之下，这一难得的好消息让美国人直呼：“总算听到点喜事，这正是我们需要的！”
“We need this! We totally need this joy,” said zoo spokeswoman Pamela Baker-Masson. “We are all in desperate need of these feel-goods.”
“我们正需要这个！我们太需要这个好消息了。”动物园的发言人帕梅拉·贝克·梅森说：“我们太需要这种喜悦了。”
之所以说是疑似怀孕，是因为大熊猫常会发生“假怀孕”（phantom pregnancies）的现象。尽管美香之前有过此现象，但动物园这次对怀孕判断有信心。
Mei has had numerous “false pregnancies,” which are common in giant pandas and happen when the animal exhibits early signs of pregnancy but no cub appears. That is not the case this time, the zoo said.
美香有过很多次“假怀孕”，这种情况在大熊猫中很常见，通常在早期会出现怀孕迹象，但看不到幼崽。不过动物园表示，这一次的情况并非如此。
该动物园17日在社交媒体官方账号上表示，他们为美香进行了超声波检查，在影像中看到了美香腹中的“胎动”，称胎儿在腹中“踢动”（kicking）和“游动”（swimming）。
官方账号还把“finger crossed”短语改成大熊猫的“paws crossed”，手指交叉，意为祈祷、祝愿。表达希望大熊猫平安诞崽的愿望。
动物园首席兽医Don Neiffer表示美香甚至可能怀有两个胎儿。
I can’t confirm or deny that there’s two there. I would expect that she may have two, because that’s what [pandas] do and that’s what she’s done in the past. So that’s what we’re all planning for. I suspect there are two.
我不能确定是否有两个胎儿。我认为美香可能怀了双胞胎，熊猫就是这样的，她以前也怀过双胞胎。目前的准备工作都按此进行，我猜有两个胎儿。
大熊猫美香于2000年来到美国国家动物园旅居，一直是动物园的“超级明星”，自2005年以来已产下3只大熊猫，分别是“泰山”、“宝宝”和“贝贝”。
Mei Xiang has given birth to three surviving cubs: Tai Shan, Bao Bao and Bei Bei. Tai Shan was born in July 2005 and now lives in China. Bao Bao was born in August 2013 and moved to China in February 2017.
美香已经产下了三只幼崽：泰山、宝宝和贝贝。泰山出生于2005年7月，现在生活在中国。宝宝出生于2013年8月，于2017年2月回到中国。
By agreement, all cubs born at the zoo are sent to China when they are 4 years old.
根据协议，所有在该动物园出生的熊猫幼崽都将在4岁时被送回中国。
如今，22岁的美香快要结束育龄。据《华盛顿邮报》报道，动物园于3月份用雄性大熊猫的冷冻精子对这只大熊猫进行了人工授精，此后一直在监控美香的情况。
Reproductive scientists from the Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute and zoo veterinarians performed the artificial insemination of Mei Xiang in late March, with frozen semen collected from Tian Tian, Mei Xiang's companion who also came to the zoo nearly 20 years ago, the zoo said in a statement.
动物园在一份声明中说，来自史密森保护生物学研究所的生殖科学家和动物园兽医在3月下旬为美香进行了人工授精。使用的冷冻精子来自美香的同伴添添，添添在近20年前和美香一起来到动物园。
令人担忧的是，美香之前有两次怀过双胞胎，而每次都只有一个宝宝存活。如今她作为“高龄产妇”，即使怀孕，也面临着一定风险，牵动着工作人员的心。
The panda could also have a stillbirth, or the fetuses could be resorbed, said spokeswoman Pamela Baker-Masson.
发言人Pamela Baker-Masson说熊猫宝宝有可能死产，胚胎也可能被吸收。
Chief veterinarian Don Neiffer said the zoo’s panda pregnancy team would meet and make sure everyone was ready. “It takes a village to raise a panda — or at least get one out,” he said.
首席兽医Don Neiffer说，动物园的熊猫怀孕小组将会面，确保每个人都做好准备。他说：“养育一只熊猫需要很多人的努力，至少让一只熊猫成功出生是这样。”
无论如何，在新冠肺炎疫情带来的阴霾下，这一好消息也让不少美国网友开心了起来。他们纷纷写道：华盛顿需要好消息！
熊猫大事件更新！今天早上国家公园放出了大熊猫妈妈美香的超声波图像，胎儿在它腹中“踢动”和“游动”。相信生产期已经临近。为它祈祷，华盛顿太需要好消息了。
这个消息让我微笑，表明生活依然在继续。
我自己就是高龄妈妈，还是有希望的！
美香真是好样的！我们爱你（和添添）！她今年看起来年轻又活泼，动物园的工作人员常说她非常健康！
感谢这条新闻。我们需要一些好消息。
所有美好的祝愿给熊猫妈妈和宝宝（们），以及工作人员。希望事情进展顺利！
编辑：李雪晴
实习生：康喆
参考来源：华盛顿邮报 中国日报 纽约时报 海外网 | Mei Xiang, a 22-year-old giant panda who came to the United States in 2000, could deliver a cub－or cubs－in the next few days, the Smithsonian's National Zoo in Washington has announced, after imaging revealed what appeared to be a fetus.
Mei Xiang holds her cub, Bei Bei, at the Smithsonian National Zoological Park in December 2015. MATT MCCLAIN/GETTY IMAGES
“We need this! We totally need this joy,” said zoo spokeswoman Pamela Baker-Masson. “We are all in desperate need of these feel-goods.”
Mei has had numerous “false pregnancies,” which are common in giant pandas and happen when the animal exhibits early signs of pregnancy but no cub appears. That is not the case this time, the zoo said.
I can’t confirm or deny that there’s two there. I would expect that she may have two, because that’s what [pandas] do and that’s what she’s done in the past. So that’s what we’re all planning for. I suspect there are two.
Mei Xiang has given birth to three surviving cubs: Tai Shan, Bao Bao and Bei Bei. Tai Shan was born in July 2005 and now lives in China. Bao Bao was born in August 2013 and moved to China in February 2017.
By agreement, all cubs born at the zoo are sent to China when they are 4 years old.
Reproductive scientists from the Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute and zoo veterinarians performed the artificial insemination of Mei Xiang in late March, with frozen semen collected from Tian Tian, Mei Xiang's companion who also came to the zoo nearly 20 years ago, the zoo said in a statement.
The panda could also have a stillbirth, or the fetuses could be resorbed, said spokeswoman Pamela Baker-Masson.
Chief veterinarian Don Neiffer said the zoo’s panda pregnancy team would meet and make sure everyone was ready. “It takes a village to raise a panda — or at least get one out,” he said. | 当地时间14日，美国国家动物园称园中的旅美大熊猫美香疑似怀孕，如果顺利的话最早在本周末就将分娩。这一难得的好消息引发美国网友关注。
位于华盛顿的史密森尼国家动物园宣布，2000年赴美的22岁的旅美大熊猫美香可能在几日内诞下熊猫宝宝，此前的检查影像中看到了疑似胎儿的组织。
在美国国内新冠肺炎疫情笼罩之下，这一难得的好消息让美国人直呼：“总算听到点喜事，这正是我们需要的！”
“我们正需要这个！我们太需要这个好消息了。”动物园的发言人帕梅拉·贝克·梅森说：“我们太需要这种喜悦了。”
之所以说是疑似怀孕，是因为大熊猫常会发生“假怀孕”（phantom pregnancies）的现象。尽管美香之前有过此现象，但动物园这次对怀孕判断有信心。
美香有过很多次“假怀孕”，这种情况在大熊猫中很常见，通常在早期会出现怀孕迹象，但看不到幼崽。不过动物园表示，这一次的情况并非如此。
该动物园17日在社交媒体官方账号上表示，他们为美香进行了超声波检查，在影像中看到了美香腹中的“胎动”，称胎儿在腹中“踢动”（kicking）和“游动”（swimming）。
官方账号还把“finger crossed”短语改成大熊猫的“paws crossed”，手指交叉，意为祈祷、祝愿。表达希望大熊猫平安诞崽的愿望。
动物园首席兽医Don Neiffer表示美香甚至可能怀有两个胎儿。
我不能确定是否有两个胎儿。我认为美香可能怀了双胞胎，熊猫就是这样的，她以前也怀过双胞胎。目前的准备工作都按此进行，我猜有两个胎儿。
大熊猫美香于2000年来到美国国家动物园旅居，一直是动物园的“超级明星”，自2005年以来已产下3只大熊猫，分别是“泰山”、“宝宝”和“贝贝”。
美香已经产下了三只幼崽：泰山、宝宝和贝贝。泰山出生于2005年7月，现在生活在中国。宝宝出生于2013年8月，于2017年2月回到中国。
根据协议，所有在该动物园出生的熊猫幼崽都将在4岁时被送回中国。
如今，22岁的美香快要结束育龄。据《华盛顿邮报》报道，动物园于3月份用雄性大熊猫的冷冻精子对这只大熊猫进行了人工授精，此后一直在监控美香的情况。
动物园在一份声明中说，来自史密森保护生物学研究所的生殖科学家和动物园兽医在3月下旬为美香进行了人工授精。使用的冷冻精子来自美香的同伴添添，添添在近20年前和美香一起来到动物园。
令人担忧的是，美香之前有两次怀过双胞胎，而每次都只有一个宝宝存活。如今她作为“高龄产妇”，即使怀孕，也面临着一定风险，牵动着工作人员的心。
发言人Pamela Baker-Masson说熊猫宝宝有可能死产，胚胎也可能被吸收。
首席兽医Don Neiffer说，动物园的熊猫怀孕小组将会面，确保每个人都做好准备。他说：“养育一只熊猫需要很多人的努力，至少让一只熊猫成功出生是这样。”
无论如何，在新冠肺炎疫情带来的阴霾下，这一好消息也让不少美国网友开心了起来。他们纷纷写道：华盛顿需要好消息！
熊猫大事件更新！今天早上国家公园放出了大熊猫妈妈美香的超声波图像，胎儿在它腹中“踢动”和“游动”。相信生产期已经临近。为它祈祷，华盛顿太需要好消息了。
这个消息让我微笑，表明生活依然在继续。
我自己就是高龄妈妈，还是有希望的！
美香真是好样的！我们爱你（和添添）！她今年看起来年轻又活泼，动物园的工作人员常说她非常健康！
感谢这条新闻。我们需要一些好消息。
所有美好的祝愿给熊猫妈妈和宝宝（们），以及工作人员。希望事情进展顺利！
编辑：李雪晴
实习生：康喆
参考来源：华盛顿邮报 中国日报 纽约时报 海外网 |
德国政府计划在2021年出台一项新规，要求养狗的人们每天必须遛狗两次，每次一小时。消息一出，在德国民间引发了大讨论。
Alvan Nee@alvannee/unsplash
A new rule forcing Germans to take their dog for a walk twice a day has unleashed a debate on whether the state can decide what is best for the country’s 9.4 million pet canines.
德国计划出台新规，要求养狗的人们每天必须遛狗两次。这项新规引发争论，即政府是否有权决定应该怎样照顾该国约940万只宠物狗。
Agriculture Minister Julia Kloeckner announced this week she had taken expert advice and was introducing a law to ensure dogs go for a walk or run in the garden at least one hour twice a day.
德国农业部长茱莉亚·克洛克纳本周宣布，她已经听取了专家的建议，并将推行一项新的立法，以确保德国宠物狗每天至少在花园里跑动撒欢两次，每次一小时。
“Pets are not cuddly toys - their needs have to be considered,” said Kloeckner, adding pets must get sufficient exercise and not be left alone for too long.
她说：“宠物不是可爱的玩具，主人们要考虑它们的需要。”她补充道，动物们必须得到足够的锻炼，不能单独待太久。
cuddly [ˈkʌdli]：adj.令人想拥抱的；逗人喜爱的
With almost one in five German homes owning a hound, the new “Animal Welfare Dog Regulation”, which also sets limits on the transportation of farm animals in hot weather, affects a significant proportion of the population.
德国近五分之一的家庭都养猎犬。新的“狗狗动物福利条例”也对在炎热天气里运输农场动物做出了限制，影响了很大一部分人口。
“Compulsory Walkies for Dog Owners? Rubbish!” wrote the top-selling
Bild
newspaper in an opinion piece on the new decree.
德国最畅销的《图片报》在一篇评论文章中怒批新规：“强迫狗主人带狗散步？荒唐至极！”
A spokesman for the VDH German Dog Association said most owners were laughing at the new rule because they already spent enough time walking their four-legged friend.
德国狗类协会VDH的一位发言人说，大多数狗主人都在嘲笑这项新规定，因为他们本来就已经花费了够多时间陪伴自家的狗狗朋友。
“One rule for all dogs is probably well meant but unrealistic,” said VDH spokesman Udo Kopernik.
协会发言人乌多·科佩尔尼克说：“给所有的狗制定一条规定可能是出于好意，但不现实。”
Dog trainer Anja Striegel said the amount of exercise a dog needs depended on the health, age and breed of dog.
驯狗师安雅·斯特里格尔说，狗狗需要的运动量取决于其健康状况、年龄和品种。
“For a young, fit Labrador, two hours of walkies are healthier than for an arthritic pug with heart problems,” she told the
Sueddeutsche Zeitung
newspaper.
她在接受《南德意志报》采访时表示：“与一只患有关节炎和心脏病的哈巴狗相比，每天活动两个小时更适合一只健康年轻的拉布拉多犬。”
pug[pʌɡ]：n.哈巴狗
Germany’s most popular breeds are the German Shepherd and short-legged, long-bodied Dachshund, known as “sausage dogs” followed by Labradors, retrievers and Jack Russell Terriers and pugs.
德国最受欢迎的犬种是德国牧羊犬和短腿长体腊肠犬，其次是拉布拉多、寻回犬、杰克罗素梗犬和哈巴狗。
Then there is the question of enforcement. The ministry has said the 16 federal states will be responsible for enforcing the rule but it is unclear how.
这一新规将如何执行也成为问题。德国农业部表示，16个联邦州将负责执行这一规定，但具体执行方式尚不清楚。
英文来源：路透社
翻译&编辑：yaning | Alvan Nee@alvannee/unsplash
A new rule forcing Germans to take their dog for a walk twice a day has unleashed a debate on whether the state can decide what is best for the country’s 9.4 million pet canines.
Agriculture Minister Julia Kloeckner announced this week she had taken expert advice and was introducing a law to ensure dogs go for a walk or run in the garden at least one hour twice a day.
“Pets are not cuddly toys - their needs have to be considered,” said Kloeckner, adding pets must get sufficient exercise and not be left alone for too long.
With almost one in five German homes owning a hound, the new “Animal Welfare Dog Regulation”, which also sets limits on the transportation of farm animals in hot weather, affects a significant proportion of the population.
“Compulsory Walkies for Dog Owners? Rubbish!” wrote the top-selling
Bild
newspaper in an opinion piece on the new decree.
A spokesman for the VDH German Dog Association said most owners were laughing at the new rule because they already spent enough time walking their four-legged friend.
“One rule for all dogs is probably well meant but unrealistic,” said VDH spokesman Udo Kopernik.
Dog trainer Anja Striegel said the amount of exercise a dog needs depended on the health, age and breed of dog.
“For a young, fit Labrador, two hours of walkies are healthier than for an arthritic pug with heart problems,” she told the
Sueddeutsche Zeitung
newspaper.
Germany’s most popular breeds are the German Shepherd and short-legged, long-bodied Dachshund, known as “sausage dogs” followed by Labradors, retrievers and Jack Russell Terriers and pugs.
Then there is the question of enforcement. The ministry has said the 16 federal states will be responsible for enforcing the rule but it is unclear how. | 德国政府计划在2021年出台一项新规，要求养狗的人们每天必须遛狗两次，每次一小时。消息一出，在德国民间引发了大讨论。
德国计划出台新规，要求养狗的人们每天必须遛狗两次。这项新规引发争论，即政府是否有权决定应该怎样照顾该国约940万只宠物狗。
德国农业部长茱莉亚·克洛克纳本周宣布，她已经听取了专家的建议，并将推行一项新的立法，以确保德国宠物狗每天至少在花园里跑动撒欢两次，每次一小时。
她说：“宠物不是可爱的玩具，主人们要考虑它们的需要。”她补充道，动物们必须得到足够的锻炼，不能单独待太久。
cuddly [ˈkʌdli]：adj.令人想拥抱的；逗人喜爱的
德国近五分之一的家庭都养猎犬。新的“狗狗动物福利条例”也对在炎热天气里运输农场动物做出了限制，影响了很大一部分人口。
德国最畅销的《图片报》在一篇评论文章中怒批新规：“强迫狗主人带狗散步？荒唐至极！”
德国狗类协会VDH的一位发言人说，大多数狗主人都在嘲笑这项新规定，因为他们本来就已经花费了够多时间陪伴自家的狗狗朋友。
协会发言人乌多·科佩尔尼克说：“给所有的狗制定一条规定可能是出于好意，但不现实。”
驯狗师安雅·斯特里格尔说，狗狗需要的运动量取决于其健康状况、年龄和品种。
她在接受《南德意志报》采访时表示：“与一只患有关节炎和心脏病的哈巴狗相比，每天活动两个小时更适合一只健康年轻的拉布拉多犬。”
pug[pʌɡ]：n.哈巴狗
德国最受欢迎的犬种是德国牧羊犬和短腿长体腊肠犬，其次是拉布拉多、寻回犬、杰克罗素梗犬和哈巴狗。
这一新规将如何执行也成为问题。德国农业部表示，16个联邦州将负责执行这一规定，但具体执行方式尚不清楚。
英文来源：路透社
翻译&编辑：yaning |
东京涩谷最近多了一道风景线——透明公厕，公厕无人使用时墙壁是完全透明的，里面的清洁程度从外面就可以一目了然。锁上门后墙壁就会变成雾面，但是如厕者从里面看不出，所以一旦忘记锁门就惨了！
Transparent toilets: Designed by Shigeru Ban Architects, a Pritzker Prize-winning architecture firm, two new sets of transparent toilets have been installed in two Tokyo parks. Satoshi Nagare/The Nippon Foundation
One of Tokyo's most popular districts has recently added some unusual new attractions: transparent public toilets.
东京最受欢迎的地区最近增添了一道与众不同的新风景：透明公厕。
Designed by Shigeru Ban Architects, the two new sets of see-through restrooms have been installed in Shibuya, the bustling city center famous for its busy pedestrian crossing.
坂茂建筑事务所设计的这两组透明公厕安装在以人行横道拥挤闻名的繁华市中心涩谷区。
Though the restrooms sound risqué, they're actually part of an innovative project aimed at changing people's perceptions of public toilets.
尽管这种公厕听起来有伤风化，但实际上它们是一个创新项目的一部分，该项目旨在改变人们对公厕的认知。
Designed by Shigeru Ban Architects, a Pritzker Prize-winning architecture firm, the two new sets of transparent toilets have been installed in two Shibuya parks -- Yoyogi Fukamachi Mini Park and Haru-no-Ogawa Community Park.
这两组透明公厕分别安装在涩谷的两个公园——Yoyogi Fukamachi迷你公园和Haru-no-Ogawa社区公园。负责设计的坂茂建筑事务所曾获得普利兹克奖。
"There are two things we worry about when entering a public restroom, especially those located at a park," says a statement on the project's official website, Tokyotoilet.jp. "The first is cleanliness, and the second is whether anyone is inside."
该项目官网（Tokyotoilet.jp）上的一则声明称：“人们进入公厕时，尤其是公园里的公厕，会担心两件事：第一件是清洁问题，第二件是里面是否有人。”
Shigeru Ban Architects' design tackles these two concerns by offering a toilet with glass walls that -- at first -- allows the public to see through from the outside. But once a user enters the toilet and locks the door, the walls turn opaque to provide privacy.
坂茂建筑事务所的设计解决了这两点担忧，通过厕所的玻璃墙让公众可以事先从外面看到里面的情况。一旦用户进入厕所锁上门，墙壁就会变得不透明以保护隐私。
"This allows users to check the cleanliness and whether anyone is using the toilet from the outside," says the statement. "At night, the facility lights up the park like a beautiful lantern."
声明中写道：“这让用户从外面就能知道厕所是否清洁以及有没有人在使用厕所。到了晚上，厕所就会像一盏美丽的灯笼一样点亮公园。”
High-tech toilets: Once a user enters the toilet and locks the door, the walls will turn opaque to provide privacy. Satoshi Nagare/The Nippon Foundation
使用透明公厕是什么样的体验？
During CNN Travel's visit to the Haru-no-Ogawa Community Park this week, a steady stream of visitors came to take photos of the new attraction.
在美国有线电视新闻网旅游频道的记者本周访问Haru-no-Ogawa社区公园时，不断有游客过来给这个新景点拍照。
The toilet facilities were impressively clean, a mix of gleaming white and chrome.
透明厕所内超级干净，白色的地砖和铬合金水龙头闪闪发光。
Part of the thrill is that once inside, you can't tell if the glass is frosted or not. The walls between the compartments have mirrors installed, adding to the weird feeling of being on display.
让人感到刺激的一个部分是，进入厕所后，你看不出玻璃外面是否变成雾面。隔间内的墙壁安装了镜子，更加增添了被围观的诡异感觉。
This means it's incredibly important remember to secure the door lock, which is located well below the handle.
这意味着记得锁门极其重要，门锁在把手下方，距离把手还挺远。
During our visit, one person presumably did indeed forget to lock it, stirring laughter among those outside.
在访问过程中，有一个人应该是忘记锁门了，引发了外面的哄笑声。
Both park facilities include a women's toilet, a men's toilet and a multi-use toilet.
两组公园厕所都包含一个女厕、一个男厕和一个多功能厕所。
No more guessing: The Tokyo-based architecture firm says the design is aimed at tackling two concerns that may deter people from using public toilets: "The first is cleanliness, and the second is whether anyone is inside." Satoshi Nagare/The Nippon Foundation
Tokyo Toilet Project: The two sets of transparent toilets, located in Tokyo's Shibuya district, are a part of the newly launched Tokyo Toilet Project. Satoshi Nagare/The Nippon Foundation
东京推出公厕计划
These two transparent toilet sets are a part of the newly launched Tokyo Toilet Project, a series of re-invented public toilet facilities.
这两组透明厕所是刚推出的东京厕所项目的一部分，该项目重新设计了一系列公厕。
Founded by the Nippon Foundation, a private, non-profit charity that focuses on social innovation, the Tokyo Toilet Project has partnered with some of the biggest names in the architecture and creative industries including Tadao Ando and Toyo Ito to create 17 new public toilet facilities around Shibuya.
东京厕所项目由关注社会革新的私人非营利慈善基金会日本财团创立，与建筑界和创意行业名气最大的一些企业（包括安藤忠雄建筑研究所和伊东丰雄建筑设计事务所）合作，计划在涩谷周围建造17个新公厕。
"The use of public toilets in Japan is limited because of stereotypes that they are dark, dirty, smelly and scary. To dispel these misconceptions regarding public toilets, The Nippon Foundation has decided to renovate 17 public toilets located in Shibuya, Tokyo, in cooperation with the Shibuya City government," the Nippon Foundation says in a news release.
日本财团在一份新闻稿中表示：“日本人很少使用公厕，因为大家对公厕存在成见，认为公厕又黑又脏又臭还吓人。为了打消人们对公厕的误解，日本财团决定与涩谷区政府合作，在东京涩谷改建17个公厕。”
"These public toilets are being designed by 16 leading creators, and will use advanced design to make them accessible for everyone regardless of gender, age, or disability, to demonstrate the possibilities of an inclusive society."
“这些公厕由16位一流设计师打造，将采用先进的设计来让每个人都能使用公厕，不论性别、年龄或是否残疾，以展示包容社会的可能性。”
Five facilities have been opened to the public so far, including the two see-through toilets.
到目前为止已经有五个厕所向公众开放，包括那两个透明厕所。
Twelve more new public toilets are coming between August 31 and the summer of 2021.
还有12个新公厕将于8月31日至2021年夏季之间亮相。
All the facilities will be constructed by Daiwa House Group, the largest home-builder in Japan, with toilet equipment and layout advice provided by famed Japanese toilet manufacturer TOTO Ltd.
所有公厕都将由日本最大的住宅建筑商大和房屋集团建造，马桶设备和布局建议由日本著名马桶制造商东陶公司提供。
英文来源：美国有线电视新闻网
翻译&编辑：丹妮 | Transparent toilets: Designed by Shigeru Ban Architects, a Pritzker Prize-winning architecture firm, two new sets of transparent toilets have been installed in two Tokyo parks. Satoshi Nagare/The Nippon Foundation
One of Tokyo's most popular districts has recently added some unusual new attractions: transparent public toilets.
Designed by Shigeru Ban Architects, the two new sets of see-through restrooms have been installed in Shibuya, the bustling city center famous for its busy pedestrian crossing.
Designed by Shigeru Ban Architects, a Pritzker Prize-winning architecture firm, the two new sets of transparent toilets have been installed in two Shibuya parks -- Yoyogi Fukamachi Mini Park and Haru-no-Ogawa Community Park.
"There are two things we worry about when entering a public restroom, especially those located at a park," says a statement on the project's official website, Tokyotoilet.jp. "The first is cleanliness, and the second is whether anyone is inside."
Shigeru Ban Architects' design tackles these two concerns by offering a toilet with glass walls that -- at first -- allows the public to see through from the outside. But once a user enters the toilet and locks the door, the walls turn opaque to provide privacy.
"This allows users to check the cleanliness and whether anyone is using the toilet from the outside," says the statement. "At night, the facility lights up the park like a beautiful lantern."
High-tech toilets: Once a user enters the toilet and locks the door, the walls will turn opaque to provide privacy. Satoshi Nagare/The Nippon Foundation
During CNN Travel's visit to the Haru-no-Ogawa Community Park this week, a steady stream of visitors came to take photos of the new attraction.
The toilet facilities were impressively clean, a mix of gleaming white and chrome.
Part of the thrill is that once inside, you can't tell if the glass is frosted or not. The walls between the compartments have mirrors installed, adding to the weird feeling of being on display.
This means it's incredibly important remember to secure the door lock, which is located well below the handle.
During our visit, one person presumably did indeed forget to lock it, stirring laughter among those outside.
Both park facilities include a women's toilet, a men's toilet and a multi-use toilet.
No more guessing: The Tokyo-based architecture firm says the design is aimed at tackling two concerns that may deter people from using public toilets: "The first is cleanliness, and the second is whether anyone is inside." Satoshi Nagare/The Nippon Foundation
Tokyo Toilet Project: The two sets of transparent toilets, located in Tokyo's Shibuya district, are a part of the newly launched Tokyo Toilet Project. Satoshi Nagare/The Nippon Foundation
These two transparent toilet sets are a part of the newly launched Tokyo Toilet Project, a series of re-invented public toilet facilities.
Founded by the Nippon Foundation, a private, non-profit charity that focuses on social innovation, the Tokyo Toilet Project has partnered with some of the biggest names in the architecture and creative industries including Tadao Ando and Toyo Ito to create 17 new public toilet facilities around Shibuya.
"The use of public toilets in Japan is limited because of stereotypes that they are dark, dirty, smelly and scary. To dispel these misconceptions regarding public toilets, The Nippon Foundation has decided to renovate 17 public toilets located in Shibuya, Tokyo, in cooperation with the Shibuya City government," the Nippon Foundation says in a news release.
"These public toilets are being designed by 16 leading creators, and will use advanced design to make them accessible for everyone regardless of gender, age, or disability, to demonstrate the possibilities of an inclusive society."
Five facilities have been opened to the public so far, including the two see-through toilets.
Twelve more new public toilets are coming between August 31 and the summer of 2021.
All the facilities will be constructed by Daiwa House Group, the largest home-builder in Japan, with toilet equipment and layout advice provided by famed Japanese toilet manufacturer TOTO Ltd. | 东京涩谷最近多了一道风景线——透明公厕，公厕无人使用时墙壁是完全透明的，里面的清洁程度从外面就可以一目了然。锁上门后墙壁就会变成雾面，但是如厕者从里面看不出，所以一旦忘记锁门就惨了！
东京最受欢迎的地区最近增添了一道与众不同的新风景：透明公厕。
坂茂建筑事务所设计的这两组透明公厕安装在以人行横道拥挤闻名的繁华市中心涩谷区。
Though the restrooms sound risqué, they're actually part of an innovative project aimed at changing people's perceptions of public toilets.
尽管这种公厕听起来有伤风化，但实际上它们是一个创新项目的一部分，该项目旨在改变人们对公厕的认知。
这两组透明公厕分别安装在涩谷的两个公园——Yoyogi Fukamachi迷你公园和Haru-no-Ogawa社区公园。负责设计的坂茂建筑事务所曾获得普利兹克奖。
该项目官网（Tokyotoilet.jp）上的一则声明称：“人们进入公厕时，尤其是公园里的公厕，会担心两件事：第一件是清洁问题，第二件是里面是否有人。”
坂茂建筑事务所的设计解决了这两点担忧，通过厕所的玻璃墙让公众可以事先从外面看到里面的情况。一旦用户进入厕所锁上门，墙壁就会变得不透明以保护隐私。
声明中写道：“这让用户从外面就能知道厕所是否清洁以及有没有人在使用厕所。到了晚上，厕所就会像一盏美丽的灯笼一样点亮公园。”
使用透明公厕是什么样的体验？
在美国有线电视新闻网旅游频道的记者本周访问Haru-no-Ogawa社区公园时，不断有游客过来给这个新景点拍照。
透明厕所内超级干净，白色的地砖和铬合金水龙头闪闪发光。
让人感到刺激的一个部分是，进入厕所后，你看不出玻璃外面是否变成雾面。隔间内的墙壁安装了镜子，更加增添了被围观的诡异感觉。
这意味着记得锁门极其重要，门锁在把手下方，距离把手还挺远。
在访问过程中，有一个人应该是忘记锁门了，引发了外面的哄笑声。
两组公园厕所都包含一个女厕、一个男厕和一个多功能厕所。
东京推出公厕计划
这两组透明厕所是刚推出的东京厕所项目的一部分，该项目重新设计了一系列公厕。
东京厕所项目由关注社会革新的私人非营利慈善基金会日本财团创立，与建筑界和创意行业名气最大的一些企业（包括安藤忠雄建筑研究所和伊东丰雄建筑设计事务所）合作，计划在涩谷周围建造17个新公厕。
日本财团在一份新闻稿中表示：“日本人很少使用公厕，因为大家对公厕存在成见，认为公厕又黑又脏又臭还吓人。为了打消人们对公厕的误解，日本财团决定与涩谷区政府合作，在东京涩谷改建17个公厕。”
“这些公厕由16位一流设计师打造，将采用先进的设计来让每个人都能使用公厕，不论性别、年龄或是否残疾，以展示包容社会的可能性。”
到目前为止已经有五个厕所向公众开放，包括那两个透明厕所。
还有12个新公厕将于8月31日至2021年夏季之间亮相。
所有公厕都将由日本最大的住宅建筑商大和房屋集团建造，马桶设备和布局建议由日本著名马桶制造商东陶公司提供。
英文来源：美国有线电视新闻网
翻译&编辑：丹妮 |
澳大利亚总理斯科特·莫里森先前表示，一旦新冠疫苗问世，将尽可能让所有澳大利亚人强制免费接种。但这引发了卫生专家和民众的不满。莫里森最近澄清了这一说法。
A chemist works at AstraZeneca's headquarters, after Prime Minister Scott Morrison announced Australians will be among the first in the world to receive a coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccine, if it proves successful, through an agreement between the government and UK-based drug company AstraZeneca, in Sydney, Australia, August 19, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
Australian Prime Minister Scott Morrison has back-tracked after suggesting vaccinations against the coronavirus could become mandatory.
澳大利亚总理斯科特·莫里森曾建议强制接种新冠肺炎疫苗，但现在他收回了这一建议。
Back-track[ˈbækˌtræk]：改变主意
Announcing a deal that could provide free doses to Australia's entire population, Mr Morrison had said there should only be medical exemptions.
莫里森宣布达成了一项可以让所有澳大利亚人免费接种疫苗的交易，并表示应只在有医疗豁免的情况下不接种。
But after concerns raised by health experts, he clarified: "There are no compulsory vaccines in Australia."
但在卫生专家表示担忧后，他澄清说：“澳大利亚没有强制性疫苗。”
Meanwhile, visitors to Australia may also be required to have immunisation.
与此同时，到访澳大利亚的游客也可能被要求接种疫苗。
Health Minister Greg Hunt said he "wouldn't rule out" making it mandatory for anyone travelling to Australia - including Australians returning to the country - if that was the advice from medical experts.
卫生部长格雷格·亨特表示，如果医学专家建议，他“不会排除”强制所有前往澳大利亚的游客，包括回国的澳大利亚人接种疫苗。
"It would seem passing strange if we had a massive vaccination programme in Australia but we were then to allow people in who could bring it in," he told
A Current Affair
.
他告诉《时事新闻》说：“如果我们在澳大利亚实行大规模的疫苗接种计划，但我们却允许那些可能携带病毒的人入境，这看起来会很奇怪。”
澳大利亚首个疫苗交易
The Australian government announced it had signed a letter of intent with pharmaceutical company AstraZeneca and Oxford University, which is one of five coronavirus vaccine-makers to have reached an advanced stage of clinical trials.
澳大利亚政府宣布，已经与阿斯利康制药公司和牛津大学签署了意向书。阿斯利康制药公司和牛津大学联合研制的疫苗是已进入三期临床试验的五种新冠肺炎疫苗之一。
Mr Morrison said if the trials were successful, he hoped the vaccine would be available early next year. "We will manufacture and supply vaccines straight away under our own steam and make it free for 25 million Australians," he said.
莫里森表示，如果试验成功，他希望这种疫苗能在明年初上市。他说：“我们将立即自行生产和供应疫苗，并免费为2500万澳大利亚人接种。”
He told radio station 3AW that he expected it would be "as mandatory as you could possibly make it", though his government was still forming its policy. "There are always exemptions for any vaccine on medical grounds, but that should be the only basis.
他对3AW广播电台表示，尽管澳大利亚政府仍在制定相关政策，但他希望这将是“具有最大限度强制性的一种疫苗。因为医学原因，任何疫苗都有一部分人有医疗豁免，但医学原因应是唯一的豁免依据。”
"We are talking about a pandemic that has destroyed the global economy and taken the lives of hundreds of thousands all around the world, and over 430 Australians here."
“我们现在谈论的是一种大流行病，它摧毁了全球经济，夺去了世界各地数十万人的生命，还有430多名澳大利亚人因此病逝。”
The country would aim for 95% of the population to be vaccinated, he added.
他还说，澳大利亚将力争使95%的民众接种新冠疫苗。
A medical professional administers a test to a member of the public at a pop-up coronavirus disease (COVID-19) testing facility, as the state of Victoria experiences a spike in cases, in Melbourne, Australia, June 26, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
Vaccinations are not mandatory in Australia. Behavioural scientist Julie Leask told the
Sydney Morning Herald
it was "premature and unhelpful" to talk about mandating a vaccine for Covid-19 "when we don't even have a vaccine that we know actually works", and she warned of a possible 'backlash'.
在澳大利亚，疫苗接种不是强制性的。行为科学家朱莉·莱斯克告诉《悉尼先驱晨报》：“在我们甚至还没有一种已知真正有效疫苗”的情况下，谈论强制接种新冠疫苗是“过早和无益的”。她警告说，这可能会引起“强烈反对”。
Mr Morrison, in clarifying his position later, told 2GB radio station there would be "no compulsory vaccine but there will be a lot of encouragement and measures to get as high a rate of acceptance as usual".
莫里森之后澄清了自己的立场，他告诉2GB电台：“不会有强制疫苗，但会有很多鼓励措施，以获得像往常一样很高的接种率。”
Mr Hunt said they hoped to encourage mass take up of the vaccine with a range of "incentives and encouragement".
亨特先生说，他们希望通过一系列的“激励和鼓励”来让民众接种疫苗。
维多利亚州疫情暴发
The cost of supplying the vaccine to the whole population has not yet been fixed. Separately, Australia has also signed a deal worth A$25m with Becton Dickinson, an American pharmaceutical company, to supply 100 million needles and syringes.
向所有澳大利亚人供应疫苗的费用尚未确定。此外，澳大利亚还与美国贝克顿-迪金森制药公司签署了价值2500万澳元（约合人民币1.24亿元）的协议，该公司将向澳大利亚提供1亿只针头和注射器。
Australia has recorded 450 coronavirus deaths, most from an outbreak in the state of Victoria.
澳大利亚新冠肺炎死亡病例达450例，其中大多数死于维多利亚州的疫情暴发。
Earlier this month, Victoria declared a state of disaster and imposed strict lockdown measures after a surge in infections.
本月早些时候，维多利亚州宣布进入灾难状态，并在感染病例激增后实施了严格的封锁措施。
It still has more than 7,000 active cases, but the number of new infections has declined in the past week.
该州目前仍有7000多名活动性病例，但新增病例在过去一周有所下降。
英文来源：BBC
翻译&编辑：yaning | A chemist works at AstraZeneca's headquarters, after Prime Minister Scott Morrison announced Australians will be among the first in the world to receive a coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccine, if it proves successful, through an agreement between the government and UK-based drug company AstraZeneca, in Sydney, Australia, August 19, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
Australian Prime Minister Scott Morrison has back-tracked after suggesting vaccinations against the coronavirus could become mandatory.
Announcing a deal that could provide free doses to Australia's entire population, Mr Morrison had said there should only be medical exemptions.
But after concerns raised by health experts, he clarified: "There are no compulsory vaccines in Australia."
Meanwhile, visitors to Australia may also be required to have immunisation.
Health Minister Greg Hunt said he "wouldn't rule out" making it mandatory for anyone travelling to Australia - including Australians returning to the country - if that was the advice from medical experts.
"It would seem passing strange if we had a massive vaccination programme in Australia but we were then to allow people in who could bring it in," he told
A Current Affair
.
The Australian government announced it had signed a letter of intent with pharmaceutical company AstraZeneca and Oxford University, which is one of five coronavirus vaccine-makers to have reached an advanced stage of clinical trials.
Mr Morrison said if the trials were successful, he hoped the vaccine would be available early next year. "We will manufacture and supply vaccines straight away under our own steam and make it free for 25 million Australians," he said.
He told radio station 3AW that he expected it would be "as mandatory as you could possibly make it", though his government was still forming its policy. "There are always exemptions for any vaccine on medical grounds, but that should be the only basis.
"We are talking about a pandemic that has destroyed the global economy and taken the lives of hundreds of thousands all around the world, and over 430 Australians here."
The country would aim for 95% of the population to be vaccinated, he added.
A medical professional administers a test to a member of the public at a pop-up coronavirus disease (COVID-19) testing facility, as the state of Victoria experiences a spike in cases, in Melbourne, Australia, June 26, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
Vaccinations are not mandatory in Australia. Behavioural scientist Julie Leask told the
Sydney Morning Herald
it was "premature and unhelpful" to talk about mandating a vaccine for Covid-19 "when we don't even have a vaccine that we know actually works", and she warned of a possible 'backlash'.
Mr Morrison, in clarifying his position later, told 2GB radio station there would be "no compulsory vaccine but there will be a lot of encouragement and measures to get as high a rate of acceptance as usual".
Mr Hunt said they hoped to encourage mass take up of the vaccine with a range of "incentives and encouragement".
The cost of supplying the vaccine to the whole population has not yet been fixed. Separately, Australia has also signed a deal worth A$25m with Becton Dickinson, an American pharmaceutical company, to supply 100 million needles and syringes.
Australia has recorded 450 coronavirus deaths, most from an outbreak in the state of Victoria.
Earlier this month, Victoria declared a state of disaster and imposed strict lockdown measures after a surge in infections.
It still has more than 7,000 active cases, but the number of new infections has declined in the past week. | 澳大利亚总理斯科特·莫里森先前表示，一旦新冠疫苗问世，将尽可能让所有澳大利亚人强制免费接种。但这引发了卫生专家和民众的不满。莫里森最近澄清了这一说法。
澳大利亚总理斯科特·莫里森曾建议强制接种新冠肺炎疫苗，但现在他收回了这一建议。
Back-track[ˈbækˌtræk]：改变主意
莫里森宣布达成了一项可以让所有澳大利亚人免费接种疫苗的交易，并表示应只在有医疗豁免的情况下不接种。
但在卫生专家表示担忧后，他澄清说：“澳大利亚没有强制性疫苗。”
与此同时，到访澳大利亚的游客也可能被要求接种疫苗。
卫生部长格雷格·亨特表示，如果医学专家建议，他“不会排除”强制所有前往澳大利亚的游客，包括回国的澳大利亚人接种疫苗。
他告诉《时事新闻》说：“如果我们在澳大利亚实行大规模的疫苗接种计划，但我们却允许那些可能携带病毒的人入境，这看起来会很奇怪。”
澳大利亚首个疫苗交易
澳大利亚政府宣布，已经与阿斯利康制药公司和牛津大学签署了意向书。阿斯利康制药公司和牛津大学联合研制的疫苗是已进入三期临床试验的五种新冠肺炎疫苗之一。
莫里森表示，如果试验成功，他希望这种疫苗能在明年初上市。他说：“我们将立即自行生产和供应疫苗，并免费为2500万澳大利亚人接种。”
他对3AW广播电台表示，尽管澳大利亚政府仍在制定相关政策，但他希望这将是“具有最大限度强制性的一种疫苗。因为医学原因，任何疫苗都有一部分人有医疗豁免，但医学原因应是唯一的豁免依据。”
“我们现在谈论的是一种大流行病，它摧毁了全球经济，夺去了世界各地数十万人的生命，还有430多名澳大利亚人因此病逝。”
他还说，澳大利亚将力争使95%的民众接种新冠疫苗。
在澳大利亚，疫苗接种不是强制性的。行为科学家朱莉·莱斯克告诉《悉尼先驱晨报》：“在我们甚至还没有一种已知真正有效疫苗”的情况下，谈论强制接种新冠疫苗是“过早和无益的”。她警告说，这可能会引起“强烈反对”。
莫里森之后澄清了自己的立场，他告诉2GB电台：“不会有强制疫苗，但会有很多鼓励措施，以获得像往常一样很高的接种率。”
亨特先生说，他们希望通过一系列的“激励和鼓励”来让民众接种疫苗。
维多利亚州疫情暴发
向所有澳大利亚人供应疫苗的费用尚未确定。此外，澳大利亚还与美国贝克顿-迪金森制药公司签署了价值2500万澳元（约合人民币1.24亿元）的协议，该公司将向澳大利亚提供1亿只针头和注射器。
澳大利亚新冠肺炎死亡病例达450例，其中大多数死于维多利亚州的疫情暴发。
本月早些时候，维多利亚州宣布进入灾难状态，并在感染病例激增后实施了严格的封锁措施。
该州目前仍有7000多名活动性病例，但新增病例在过去一周有所下降。
英文来源：BBC
翻译&编辑：yaning |
新冠病毒的变异毒株D614G已经入侵欧洲、北美和马来西亚、新加坡等亚洲部分地区，据称这种变异毒株的传染性比原病毒高出10倍，还有人担心目前在研发的疫苗可能对变异毒株无效。
A computer image created by Nexu Science Communication together with Trinity College in Dublin, shows a model structurally representative of a betacoronavirus which is the type of virus linked to COVID-19, better known as the coronavirus linked to the Wuhan outbreak, shared with Reuters on February 18, 2020.
An increasingly common mutation of the novel coronavirus found in Europe, North America and parts of Asia may be more infectious but appears less deadly, according to a prominent infectious diseases doctor.
一位杰出的传染病医师指出，在欧洲、北美和亚洲部分地区发现的一种日益常见的新冠病毒变异体可能更具传染性，但似乎没有那么致命。
Paul Tambyah, senior consultant at the National University of Singapore and president-elect of the International Society of Infectious Diseases, said evidence suggests the proliferation of the D614G mutation in some parts of the world has coincided with a drop in death rates, suggesting it is less lethal.
新加坡国立大学的高级顾问、国际传染病学会的候任主席保罗·坦布亚表示，有证据显示，D614G变异毒株在世界部分地区扩散的同时，致死率也下降了，这意味着这种新冠病毒变异体没那么致命。
"Maybe that's a good thing to have a virus that is more infectious but less deadly," Tambyah told Reuters.
坦布亚告诉路透社说：“病毒更具传染性但却没那么致命，这也许是件好事。”
Tambyah said most viruses tend to become less virulent as they mutate.
坦布亚说，大多数病毒在变异过程中毒性都会降低。
"It is in the virus' interest to infect more people but not to kill them because a virus depends on the host for food and for shelter," he said.
他说：“病毒感染更多人但却不杀死他们，这对病毒有利，因为病毒依赖宿主才能得到食物和庇护所。”
Scientists discovered the mutation as early as February and it has circulated in Europe and the Americas, the World Health Organization said. The WHO has also said there is no evidence the mutation has led to more severe disease.
世界卫生组织称，科学家早在二月份就发现病毒变异，当时变异毒株在欧洲和美洲传播。世卫组织还表示，没有证据表明变异毒株会引发更严重的疾病。
A man wearing a protective face mask walks past an illustration of a virus outside a regional science centre, as the city and surrounding areas face local restrictions in an effort to avoid a local lockdown being forced upon the region, amid the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak, in Oldham, Britain August 3, 2020. REUTERS/Phil Noble
On Sunday, Malaysia's director-general of health Noor Hisham Abdullah urged greater public vigilance after authorities detected what they believe was the D614G mutation of the coronavirus in two recent clusters.
8月16日，马来西亚的权威部门在最近的两起聚集性疫情中检测出新冠病毒D614G变种后，马来西亚卫生局局长努尔·希沙姆·阿卜杜拉敦促公众提高警惕。
Sebastian Maurer-Stroh of Singapore's agency for science, technology and research said the variant has also been found in the city-state but that containment measures have prevented large-scale spread.
新加坡科技研究局的塞巴斯蒂安·毛雷尔-斯特罗称，在新加坡也发现了这一变种，但是新加坡采取的控制措施防止了该变种大规模扩散。
Malaysia's Noor Hisham said the D614G strain detected there was 10 times more infectious and that vaccines currently in development may not be effective against this mutation.
马来西亚的努尔·希沙姆说，在马来西亚检测到的D614G毒株的传染性比原病毒高出10倍，目前正在研发中的疫苗可能对该变种无效。
But Tambyah and Maurer-Stroh said such mutations would not likely change the virus enough to make potential vaccines less effective.
但是坦布亚和毛雷尔-斯特罗称，这种变异对病毒的改变不足以让潜在的疫苗减少效力。
"(The) variants are almost identical and did not change areas that our immune system typically recognise, so there shouldn't be any difference for vaccines being developed," said Maurer-Stroh.
毛雷尔-斯特罗称：“变种和原病毒大致相同，没有改变我们的免疫系统通常能识别的区域，所以研发中的疫苗对二者的效果应该不会有差别。”
英文来源：路透社
翻译&编辑：丹妮 | A computer image created by Nexu Science Communication together with Trinity College in Dublin, shows a model structurally representative of a betacoronavirus which is the type of virus linked to COVID-19, better known as the coronavirus linked to the Wuhan outbreak, shared with Reuters on February 18, 2020.
An increasingly common mutation of the novel coronavirus found in Europe, North America and parts of Asia may be more infectious but appears less deadly, according to a prominent infectious diseases doctor.
Paul Tambyah, senior consultant at the National University of Singapore and president-elect of the International Society of Infectious Diseases, said evidence suggests the proliferation of the D614G mutation in some parts of the world has coincided with a drop in death rates, suggesting it is less lethal.
"Maybe that's a good thing to have a virus that is more infectious but less deadly," Tambyah told Reuters.
Tambyah said most viruses tend to become less virulent as they mutate.
"It is in the virus' interest to infect more people but not to kill them because a virus depends on the host for food and for shelter," he said.
Scientists discovered the mutation as early as February and it has circulated in Europe and the Americas, the World Health Organization said. The WHO has also said there is no evidence the mutation has led to more severe disease.
A man wearing a protective face mask walks past an illustration of a virus outside a regional science centre, as the city and surrounding areas face local restrictions in an effort to avoid a local lockdown being forced upon the region, amid the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak, in Oldham, Britain August 3, 2020. REUTERS/Phil Noble
On Sunday, Malaysia's director-general of health Noor Hisham Abdullah urged greater public vigilance after authorities detected what they believe was the D614G mutation of the coronavirus in two recent clusters.
Sebastian Maurer-Stroh of Singapore's agency for science, technology and research said the variant has also been found in the city-state but that containment measures have prevented large-scale spread.
Malaysia's Noor Hisham said the D614G strain detected there was 10 times more infectious and that vaccines currently in development may not be effective against this mutation.
But Tambyah and Maurer-Stroh said such mutations would not likely change the virus enough to make potential vaccines less effective.
"(The) variants are almost identical and did not change areas that our immune system typically recognise, so there shouldn't be any difference for vaccines being developed," said Maurer-Stroh. | 新冠病毒的变异毒株D614G已经入侵欧洲、北美和马来西亚、新加坡等亚洲部分地区，据称这种变异毒株的传染性比原病毒高出10倍，还有人担心目前在研发的疫苗可能对变异毒株无效。
一位杰出的传染病医师指出，在欧洲、北美和亚洲部分地区发现的一种日益常见的新冠病毒变异体可能更具传染性，但似乎没有那么致命。
新加坡国立大学的高级顾问、国际传染病学会的候任主席保罗·坦布亚表示，有证据显示，D614G变异毒株在世界部分地区扩散的同时，致死率也下降了，这意味着这种新冠病毒变异体没那么致命。
坦布亚告诉路透社说：“病毒更具传染性但却没那么致命，这也许是件好事。”
坦布亚说，大多数病毒在变异过程中毒性都会降低。
他说：“病毒感染更多人但却不杀死他们，这对病毒有利，因为病毒依赖宿主才能得到食物和庇护所。”
世界卫生组织称，科学家早在二月份就发现病毒变异，当时变异毒株在欧洲和美洲传播。世卫组织还表示，没有证据表明变异毒株会引发更严重的疾病。
8月16日，马来西亚的权威部门在最近的两起聚集性疫情中检测出新冠病毒D614G变种后，马来西亚卫生局局长努尔·希沙姆·阿卜杜拉敦促公众提高警惕。
新加坡科技研究局的塞巴斯蒂安·毛雷尔-斯特罗称，在新加坡也发现了这一变种，但是新加坡采取的控制措施防止了该变种大规模扩散。
马来西亚的努尔·希沙姆说，在马来西亚检测到的D614G毒株的传染性比原病毒高出10倍，目前正在研发中的疫苗可能对该变种无效。
但是坦布亚和毛雷尔-斯特罗称，这种变异对病毒的改变不足以让潜在的疫苗减少效力。
毛雷尔-斯特罗称：“变种和原病毒大致相同，没有改变我们的免疫系统通常能识别的区域，所以研发中的疫苗对二者的效果应该不会有差别。”
英文来源：路透社
翻译&编辑：丹妮 |
美国流行病学家认为，美国当前处于应对新冠肺炎疫情的“新阶段”，疫情正在“极其广泛地蔓延”。专家警告说，美国冬季可能遭遇流感和新冠病毒“双重”暴发。
Teamsters Local 848 truck driver Carlos Gonzalez sits to be tested for COVID-19 at a testing site provided by the International Brotherhood of Teamsters in Long Beach, California, US, on July 16, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
Public health experts, researchers and manufacturers warn the coming flu season could bring a “double-barrel” respiratory disease outbreak in the United States, just as fall and winter are expected to exacerbate the spread of Covid-19.
新冠病毒的传播预计会在秋冬季加剧，公共卫生专家、研究人员和制造商警告说，美国即将到来的流感季可能会带来“双重”呼吸道疾病的暴发。
At the same time, researchers said the strategies currently used to prevent Covid-19 transmission – namely, hand-washing, mask-wearing and social distancing – could also help lessen flu outbreaks, if Americans are willing to practice them.
与此同时，研究人员表示，目前用于预防新冠病毒传播的策略，即洗手、戴口罩和保持社交距离，也可能有助于减轻流感暴发，如果美国人愿意这么做的话。
“We will be faced with basically a double-barrel respiratory virus season, both influenza and Covid,” said Dr William Schaffner, medical director for the National Foundation for Infectious Diseases and a professor of medicine at the Vanderbilt University School of Medicine in Tennessee.
美国国家传染病基金会医学负责人、田纳西州范德比尔特大学医学院教授威廉·沙夫纳博士说：“大体上说，我们将面临一个流感和新冠肺炎双重呼吸道病毒的流行季。”
Flu season typically peaks between December and February in the northern hemisphere. It caused an estimated 61,000 deaths and 810,000 hospitalizations in 2019 in the US, according to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
北半球的流感季通常在当年12月至次年2月达到高峰。根据美国疾病控制和预防中心的数据，2019年，流感在美国造成约6.1万人死亡、81万人住院。
By comparison, Covid-19 has killed more than 166,000 people in the US with months to go before the end of the year, according to the Johns Hopkins University Coronavirus Resource Center. The disease hospitalized an estimated 293,000 people just between March and May 2020, according to the healthcare consulting firm Avalere. Those deaths and infections also occurred despite huge efforts – such as shutting down large parts of the US economy – being put into action to slow the virus’s path.
相比之下，根据约翰斯·霍普金斯大学冠状病毒资源中心的数据，虽然目前距离年底还有数月，但新冠肺炎已经导致美国逾16.6万人死亡。据医疗咨询公司Avalere的数据，仅在今年3月至5月间，就有约29.3万人因新冠肺炎住院。尽管采取了巨大的努力，比如停止大部分经济活动，以减缓病毒传播的速度，但仍未能阻止患者死亡和感染。
While the flu’s seasonality is not clearly understood, the way it spreads is well documented. Flu is transmitted in much the same way Covid-19 spreads: coughs, sputters and sneezes in close proximity in closed spaces and in crowds. For those reasons, social distancing measures are effective against influenza as well as Covid-19.
虽然人们尚不清楚流感的季节性成因，但其传播方式却有据可查。流感与新冠肺炎的传播方式基本相同：病毒通过在封闭空间和人群中近距离咳嗽、飞沫溅射和打喷嚏传播。由于上述原因，保持社交距离的措施对防控流感和新冠肺炎都是有效的。
When community spread of Covid-19 began in the United States in March, widespread shutdowns shaved “four to six weeks” off the flu season in 2020, said Dr Richard Kennedy, co-director of the Mayo Clinic’s vaccine research lab.
美国梅奥诊所疫苗研究实验室的联合负责人理查德·肯尼迪博士说，新冠病毒今年3月开始在美国社区传播时，大范围的封锁措施令2020年的流感季缩短了“4到6周”。
That was “probably as a direct result of the social distancing and the mask-wearing and the shutdown,” said Kennedy. A similar phenomenon is taking place in the southern hemisphere, where winter flu season is now tapering off. Countries such as Chile have seen historically low influenza transmission.
肯尼迪说，这“可能是保持社交距离、佩戴口罩和封锁的直接结果”。南半球也出现了类似现象，目前那里的冬季流感季正接近尾声。智利等国的流感传播率创历史最低水平。
taper off：逐渐停止；逐渐减少
“Will we see that same thing up here? The answer is, if we wear our masks and social distancing, yes. If we remain shut down, yes,” said Kennedy. “But I don’t know if Americans are going to do any or all of the above.”
肯尼迪说：“美国会发生同样的情况吗？如果我们戴口罩并保持社交距离，如果我们继续采取封锁措施，答案是肯定的。但我不知道美国人是否会执行上述任何一项或全部措施。”
“We’re seeing groups wanting to open the economy up regardless of the risks. Then we’re seeing people saying, ‘No, we want to shut down and we don’t care if the economy crashes,’” said Kennedy.
肯尼迪说：“我们看到一些群体不顾风险，希望开放经济。然后我们看到人们说，‘不，我们要封锁，我们不在乎经济是否崩溃’。”
A woman holds a small bottle labeled with a "Vaccine COVID-19" sticker and a medical syringe in this illustration taken on April 10, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
But unlike for Covid-19, the world has another tool to fight seasonal influenza: flu vaccines.
但与新冠肺炎不同的是，世界上还有另一种抗击季节性流感的工具：流感疫苗。
Young and old alike have fallen behind on routine vaccinations due to the pandemic. GlaxoSmithKline reported one of its vaccines, called the zoster for adult shingles, experienced a 67% drop in sales in April and May of 2020.
由于新冠疫情，年轻人和老年人都没有及时接种常规疫苗。葛兰素史克报告称，其生产的一种“成人带状疱疹疫苗”在2020年4月和5月的销量下降了67%。
A severe flu outbreak would pressure already thin supplies of medical equipment, tests and manpower, all of which are needed to fight Covid-19. It could also sow confusion, as patients with fevers and coughs from flu rush to hospital emergency rooms in fear of Covid-19.
一场严重的流感暴发将给本已稀缺的医疗设备、检测和人力带来压力，而所有这些都是抗击新冠肺炎所需的。流感暴发还可能引发混乱，因为流感导致发烧和咳嗽的患者会因担心感染新冠肺炎而涌向医院急诊室。
【美国疫情最新数据】
据美国约翰斯·霍普金斯大学发布的全球新冠肺炎数据实时统计系统，截至美国东部时间8月18日晚6时，全美共报告新冠肺炎确诊5474630例，死亡171516例。过去24小时，美国新增确诊49085例，新增死亡1199例。
英文来源：卫报
翻译&编辑：yaning | Teamsters Local 848 truck driver Carlos Gonzalez sits to be tested for COVID-19 at a testing site provided by the International Brotherhood of Teamsters in Long Beach, California, US, on July 16, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
Public health experts, researchers and manufacturers warn the coming flu season could bring a “double-barrel” respiratory disease outbreak in the United States, just as fall and winter are expected to exacerbate the spread of Covid-19.
At the same time, researchers said the strategies currently used to prevent Covid-19 transmission – namely, hand-washing, mask-wearing and social distancing – could also help lessen flu outbreaks, if Americans are willing to practice them.
“We will be faced with basically a double-barrel respiratory virus season, both influenza and Covid,” said Dr William Schaffner, medical director for the National Foundation for Infectious Diseases and a professor of medicine at the Vanderbilt University School of Medicine in Tennessee.
Flu season typically peaks between December and February in the northern hemisphere. It caused an estimated 61,000 deaths and 810,000 hospitalizations in 2019 in the US, according to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
By comparison, Covid-19 has killed more than 166,000 people in the US with months to go before the end of the year, according to the Johns Hopkins University Coronavirus Resource Center. The disease hospitalized an estimated 293,000 people just between March and May 2020, according to the healthcare consulting firm Avalere. Those deaths and infections also occurred despite huge efforts – such as shutting down large parts of the US economy – being put into action to slow the virus’s path.
While the flu’s seasonality is not clearly understood, the way it spreads is well documented. Flu is transmitted in much the same way Covid-19 spreads: coughs, sputters and sneezes in close proximity in closed spaces and in crowds. For those reasons, social distancing measures are effective against influenza as well as Covid-19.
When community spread of Covid-19 began in the United States in March, widespread shutdowns shaved “four to six weeks” off the flu season in 2020, said Dr Richard Kennedy, co-director of the Mayo Clinic’s vaccine research lab.
That was “probably as a direct result of the social distancing and the mask-wearing and the shutdown,” said Kennedy. A similar phenomenon is taking place in the southern hemisphere, where winter flu season is now tapering off. Countries such as Chile have seen historically low influenza transmission.
“Will we see that same thing up here? The answer is, if we wear our masks and social distancing, yes. If we remain shut down, yes,” said Kennedy. “But I don’t know if Americans are going to do any or all of the above.”
“We’re seeing groups wanting to open the economy up regardless of the risks. Then we’re seeing people saying, ‘No, we want to shut down and we don’t care if the economy crashes,’” said Kennedy.
A woman holds a small bottle labeled with a "Vaccine COVID-19" sticker and a medical syringe in this illustration taken on April 10, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
But unlike for Covid-19, the world has another tool to fight seasonal influenza: flu vaccines.
Young and old alike have fallen behind on routine vaccinations due to the pandemic. GlaxoSmithKline reported one of its vaccines, called the zoster for adult shingles, experienced a 67% drop in sales in April and May of 2020.
A severe flu outbreak would pressure already thin supplies of medical equipment, tests and manpower, all of which are needed to fight Covid-19. It could also sow confusion, as patients with fevers and coughs from flu rush to hospital emergency rooms in fear of Covid-19. | 美国流行病学家认为，美国当前处于应对新冠肺炎疫情的“新阶段”，疫情正在“极其广泛地蔓延”。专家警告说，美国冬季可能遭遇流感和新冠病毒“双重”暴发。
新冠病毒的传播预计会在秋冬季加剧，公共卫生专家、研究人员和制造商警告说，美国即将到来的流感季可能会带来“双重”呼吸道疾病的暴发。
与此同时，研究人员表示，目前用于预防新冠病毒传播的策略，即洗手、戴口罩和保持社交距离，也可能有助于减轻流感暴发，如果美国人愿意这么做的话。
美国国家传染病基金会医学负责人、田纳西州范德比尔特大学医学院教授威廉·沙夫纳博士说：“大体上说，我们将面临一个流感和新冠肺炎双重呼吸道病毒的流行季。”
北半球的流感季通常在当年12月至次年2月达到高峰。根据美国疾病控制和预防中心的数据，2019年，流感在美国造成约6.1万人死亡、81万人住院。
相比之下，根据约翰斯·霍普金斯大学冠状病毒资源中心的数据，虽然目前距离年底还有数月，但新冠肺炎已经导致美国逾16.6万人死亡。据医疗咨询公司Avalere的数据，仅在今年3月至5月间，就有约29.3万人因新冠肺炎住院。尽管采取了巨大的努力，比如停止大部分经济活动，以减缓病毒传播的速度，但仍未能阻止患者死亡和感染。
虽然人们尚不清楚流感的季节性成因，但其传播方式却有据可查。流感与新冠肺炎的传播方式基本相同：病毒通过在封闭空间和人群中近距离咳嗽、飞沫溅射和打喷嚏传播。由于上述原因，保持社交距离的措施对防控流感和新冠肺炎都是有效的。
美国梅奥诊所疫苗研究实验室的联合负责人理查德·肯尼迪博士说，新冠病毒今年3月开始在美国社区传播时，大范围的封锁措施令2020年的流感季缩短了“4到6周”。
肯尼迪说，这“可能是保持社交距离、佩戴口罩和封锁的直接结果”。南半球也出现了类似现象，目前那里的冬季流感季正接近尾声。智利等国的流感传播率创历史最低水平。
taper off：逐渐停止；逐渐减少
肯尼迪说：“美国会发生同样的情况吗？如果我们戴口罩并保持社交距离，如果我们继续采取封锁措施，答案是肯定的。但我不知道美国人是否会执行上述任何一项或全部措施。”
肯尼迪说：“我们看到一些群体不顾风险，希望开放经济。然后我们看到人们说，‘不，我们要封锁，我们不在乎经济是否崩溃’。”
但与新冠肺炎不同的是，世界上还有另一种抗击季节性流感的工具：流感疫苗。
由于新冠疫情，年轻人和老年人都没有及时接种常规疫苗。葛兰素史克报告称，其生产的一种“成人带状疱疹疫苗”在2020年4月和5月的销量下降了67%。
一场严重的流感暴发将给本已稀缺的医疗设备、检测和人力带来压力，而所有这些都是抗击新冠肺炎所需的。流感暴发还可能引发混乱，因为流感导致发烧和咳嗽的患者会因担心感染新冠肺炎而涌向医院急诊室。
【美国疫情最新数据】
据美国约翰斯·霍普金斯大学发布的全球新冠肺炎数据实时统计系统，截至美国东部时间8月18日晚6时，全美共报告新冠肺炎确诊5474630例，死亡171516例。过去24小时，美国新增确诊49085例，新增死亡1199例。
英文来源：卫报
翻译&编辑：yaning |
疫情重创了时装产业，但与时俱进的商人永远不会被打败。近日多个服装品牌纷纷推出具有抗病毒或抗菌功能的服饰，这种服饰真的能防止新冠病毒传播吗？
A mannequin with a face mask and a reminder of safety precautions is displayed in a clothing store amid the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak, in a Makati City, Metro Manila, Philippines, July 24, 2020. REUTERS/Eloisa Lopez
The coronavirus pandemic has affected every aspect of life -- including fashion. To cater to new economic realities and the COVID-19 concerns of their clientele, several apparel companies have developed antivirus protection in their clothing.
新冠肺炎疫情影响了生活的方方面面——包括时装。为了迎合新的经济现实和客户对于新冠肺炎的关切，数家服装企业都研发了具有抗病毒功能的服饰。
"COVID-19 has reset the world," Faisal Ahmed, CEO of Artistic Denim Mills , said in a statement. "This means we have to change how we live our lives. How our clothes protect us will be a key decision in what we buy and wear."
巴基斯坦领先的牛仔布服装生产商Artistic Denim Mills的首席执行官费萨尔·艾哈迈德在一份声明中说：“新冠肺炎重置了世界。这意味着我们必须改变我们的生活方式。衣服的保护作用将会成为决定我们如何选购和穿着的一个关键因素。”
The Pakistan-based leading denim and apparel manufacturer was an early adopter of adding antiviral technology to its products. In June, the company partnered with Swiss textile firm HeiQ to release antiviral denim and face mask collections.
Artistic Denim Mills公司是最早将抗病毒技术应用到服装产品中的企业之一。今年六月，该公司和瑞士纺织企业HeiQ合作推出了抗病毒牛仔服和口罩系列。
HeiQ claims that its Viroblock NPJ03 technology, which "makes treated textiles resistant against the degradation by microorganisms and inhibits the growth of bacterial odors," has been tested effective 99.99% in 30 minutes against SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. In Germany, the antiviral claims are now permitted, according to the company.
HeiQ公司声称自己的防病毒NPJ03技术“处理过的面料可以阻止微生物的降解作用，抑制细菌臭味”，在抗击新冠病毒的30分钟试验里有效性高达99.99%。该公司称，德国已经认可了该技术的抗病毒功能。
In July, denim brand Diesel announced it would implement virus-fighting technology into its upcoming styles through a partnership with Swedish firm Polygiene, maker of ViralOff which claims to have the capacity to disable over 99% of viral activity within two hours of contact between pathogens and fabric. It interacts with key proteins to hinder the virus from attaching to textile fibers. The technology is intended to protect treated products, not intended to prevent the wearer against disease, according to Viraloff.
七月份，牛仔时装品牌迪塞尔宣布，将和瑞典Polygiene公司合作，在新一季时装中应用抗病毒技术。Polygiene公司的ViralOff技术据称可以在病原体接触面料的两个小时内降低超99%的病毒活性。这种面料可以和病毒的关键蛋白质发生反应，阻止病毒附着在纺织纤维上。据称，该技术旨在保护处理过的产品，而不是为了防止穿着者感染病毒。
Viraloff will be applied across a selection of Diesel's spring/summer 2021 denim styles with an aim at a greater range of products in the future.
Viraloff技术将被应用在迪塞尔的2021春夏牛仔时装系列中，目的是在未来被应用于更大范围的产品中。
Other activewear brands, Under Armour and Live!, have followed suit by putting antiviral technology into their lines as many consumers are looking for an additional layer of protection while working out. The Under Armour mask features an "anti-microbial treatment on the inside layer to help keep masks fresh."
由于许多消费者都希望锻炼时能获得额外防护，安德玛和Live!等其他运动服装品牌也纷纷效仿，将抗病毒技术加入自己的系列产品中。安德玛口罩的“内层经过了抗微生物处理来帮助口罩保持清新”。
Transmission of COVID-19 through items such as clothes is still unknown, according to medical experts. Although the virus can live on clothes and surfaces, it isn't yet known if or how that translates to actual infection.
医学专家表示，目前尚不清楚新冠病毒能否通过衣物传播。尽管病毒能在衣服和表面存活，但是不知道衣物上的病毒是否会引发感染或如何引发。
While the efficacy of these products is still unknown, market shares for antimicrobial clothing are currently $10.48 billion and expected to rise to $20.50 billion, nearly doubling by 2026, Global Market Insights reports.
尽管这些抗病毒产品的功效未知，但是据全球市场洞察的报告称，它们的市场份额目前达到104.8亿美元（约合人民币726亿元），并有望在2026年升至205亿美元，接近翻番。
Even if antivirus clothing isn't a top solution against helping to stop the spread of COVID-19, many companies are leaning into the technology as a way to produce more items that marry fashion and function amid the pandemic.
尽管抗病毒服装不是帮助阻止新冠病毒传播的最佳解决方案，但许多公司都在投资这一技术，从而在疫情期间生产出更多将时尚和功能集于一身的产品。
英文来源：美国广播公司新闻网
翻译&编辑：丹妮 | A mannequin with a face mask and a reminder of safety precautions is displayed in a clothing store amid the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak, in a Makati City, Metro Manila, Philippines, July 24, 2020. REUTERS/Eloisa Lopez
The coronavirus pandemic has affected every aspect of life -- including fashion. To cater to new economic realities and the COVID-19 concerns of their clientele, several apparel companies have developed antivirus protection in their clothing.
"COVID-19 has reset the world," Faisal Ahmed, CEO of Artistic Denim Mills , said in a statement. "This means we have to change how we live our lives. How our clothes protect us will be a key decision in what we buy and wear."
The Pakistan-based leading denim and apparel manufacturer was an early adopter of adding antiviral technology to its products. In June, the company partnered with Swiss textile firm HeiQ to release antiviral denim and face mask collections.
HeiQ claims that its Viroblock NPJ03 technology, which "makes treated textiles resistant against the degradation by microorganisms and inhibits the growth of bacterial odors," has been tested effective 99.99% in 30 minutes against SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. In Germany, the antiviral claims are now permitted, according to the company.
In July, denim brand Diesel announced it would implement virus-fighting technology into its upcoming styles through a partnership with Swedish firm Polygiene, maker of ViralOff which claims to have the capacity to disable over 99% of viral activity within two hours of contact between pathogens and fabric. It interacts with key proteins to hinder the virus from attaching to textile fibers. The technology is intended to protect treated products, not intended to prevent the wearer against disease, according to Viraloff.
Viraloff will be applied across a selection of Diesel's spring/summer 2021 denim styles with an aim at a greater range of products in the future.
Other activewear brands, Under Armour and Live!, have followed suit by putting antiviral technology into their lines as many consumers are looking for an additional layer of protection while working out. The Under Armour mask features an "anti-microbial treatment on the inside layer to help keep masks fresh."
Transmission of COVID-19 through items such as clothes is still unknown, according to medical experts. Although the virus can live on clothes and surfaces, it isn't yet known if or how that translates to actual infection.
While the efficacy of these products is still unknown, market shares for antimicrobial clothing are currently $10.48 billion and expected to rise to $20.50 billion, nearly doubling by 2026, Global Market Insights reports.
Even if antivirus clothing isn't a top solution against helping to stop the spread of COVID-19, many companies are leaning into the technology as a way to produce more items that marry fashion and function amid the pandemic. | 疫情重创了时装产业，但与时俱进的商人永远不会被打败。近日多个服装品牌纷纷推出具有抗病毒或抗菌功能的服饰，这种服饰真的能防止新冠病毒传播吗？
新冠肺炎疫情影响了生活的方方面面——包括时装。为了迎合新的经济现实和客户对于新冠肺炎的关切，数家服装企业都研发了具有抗病毒功能的服饰。
巴基斯坦领先的牛仔布服装生产商Artistic Denim Mills的首席执行官费萨尔·艾哈迈德在一份声明中说：“新冠肺炎重置了世界。这意味着我们必须改变我们的生活方式。衣服的保护作用将会成为决定我们如何选购和穿着的一个关键因素。”
Artistic Denim Mills公司是最早将抗病毒技术应用到服装产品中的企业之一。今年六月，该公司和瑞士纺织企业HeiQ合作推出了抗病毒牛仔服和口罩系列。
HeiQ公司声称自己的防病毒NPJ03技术“处理过的面料可以阻止微生物的降解作用，抑制细菌臭味”，在抗击新冠病毒的30分钟试验里有效性高达99.99%。该公司称，德国已经认可了该技术的抗病毒功能。
七月份，牛仔时装品牌迪塞尔宣布，将和瑞典Polygiene公司合作，在新一季时装中应用抗病毒技术。Polygiene公司的ViralOff技术据称可以在病原体接触面料的两个小时内降低超99%的病毒活性。这种面料可以和病毒的关键蛋白质发生反应，阻止病毒附着在纺织纤维上。据称，该技术旨在保护处理过的产品，而不是为了防止穿着者感染病毒。
Viraloff技术将被应用在迪塞尔的2021春夏牛仔时装系列中，目的是在未来被应用于更大范围的产品中。
由于许多消费者都希望锻炼时能获得额外防护，安德玛和Live!等其他运动服装品牌也纷纷效仿，将抗病毒技术加入自己的系列产品中。安德玛口罩的“内层经过了抗微生物处理来帮助口罩保持清新”。
医学专家表示，目前尚不清楚新冠病毒能否通过衣物传播。尽管病毒能在衣服和表面存活，但是不知道衣物上的病毒是否会引发感染或如何引发。
尽管这些抗病毒产品的功效未知，但是据全球市场洞察的报告称，它们的市场份额目前达到104.8亿美元（约合人民币726亿元），并有望在2026年升至205亿美元，接近翻番。
尽管抗病毒服装不是帮助阻止新冠病毒传播的最佳解决方案，但许多公司都在投资这一技术，从而在疫情期间生产出更多将时尚和功能集于一身的产品。
英文来源：美国广播公司新闻网
翻译&编辑：丹妮 |
为了防控新冠疫情，英国今年并未举行A-level和GCSE（分别相当于中国的高考和中考）考试，考生成绩由一套算法得出。但在已放榜的“高考”成绩中，近40%的学生成绩低于教师给出的预估分数。这使得许多学生与名校失之交臂，引发了考生和家长的抗议。英国政府已宣布改变成绩计算政策，以教师的评估作为最终成绩。
Shoppers walk past social distancing signs at the Covent Garden shopping and dining district, amid the spread of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), in London, Britain, Aug 2, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
A-level and GCSE students in England will be given grades estimated by their teachers, rather than by an algorithm, after a government U-turn.
英国政府对考生成绩政策出现180度大转弯，A-level和GCSE（分别相当于中国的高考和中考）考生的分数将由他们的老师评估给出，而不是通过算法来计算。
It follows uproar after about 40% of A-level results were downgraded by exams regulator Ofqual, which used a formula based on schools' prior grades.
由于英国资格及考试监督办公室（Ofqual）使用了基于学校之前成绩的公式来计算考生分数，大约40%的考生A-level成绩低于教师评估，引发了轩然大波。
uproar[ˈʌprɔː(r)]：n.骚动；喧嚣
GCSE results in England, Wales and Northern Ireland come out on Thursday.
英格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰的GCSE成绩将于周四（8月20日）公布。
Ofqual chair Roger Taylor and Education Secretary Gavin Williamson apologised for the "distress" caused.
Ofqual的主席罗杰·泰勒和英国教育大臣加文·威廉姆森就此事给大家造成的“痛苦”表示道歉。
Teachers' estimates will be awarded to students unless the computer algorithm gave a higher grade.
除非计算机算法给出更高的分数，否则考生成绩将由教师评估得出。
Mr Williamson said the results of mock exams - which critics said can be inconsistent across different schools - will now not be a key part of the appeals process.
威廉姆森说，模拟考试的结果将不再是申诉程序的关键部分。批评人士认为不同学校之间的模拟考试评分标准可能不一致。
In a statement, he acknowledged the "extraordinarily difficult" year for students, after exams were cancelled due to the coronavirus pandemic.
他在一份声明中承认，受新冠疫情影响，A-level和GCSE考试被取消，今年对学生来说“特别艰难”。
He said the Department for Education had worked with Ofqual to design "the fairest possible model" but it had become clear that the process of awarding grades had resulted in "more significant inconsistencies than can be resolved through an appeals process".
他表示，英国教育部之前与Ofqual合作，设计出“尽可能公平的模式”，但很明显，评分过程导致了“更严重的不一致，无法通过申诉程序解决”。
"I am sorry for the distress this has caused young people and their parents but hope this announcement will now provide the certainty and reassurance they deserve," said Mr Williamson.
威廉姆森说：“我对此事给年轻人和他们的父母带来的痛苦感到抱歉，但希望这一消息能给他们带来应得的确定性和安慰。”
He also revealed the temporary cap on the number of places that universities can offer to students would be lifted.
他还透露，将取消大学招生名额的临时上限。
Customers queue to buy takeaway beer from a pub, as the spread of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) continues, in Brixton, London, Britain, June 22, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
数日的混乱
In a tweet, Labour leader Sir Keir Starmer said the government had been "forced into a screeching U-turn after days of confusion".
工党领袖基尔•斯塔默爵士发推文表示，政府“在经历了数日的混乱后，政策被迫做出180度大转弯”。
A-level students held protests across the UK in response to grades they said were unfairly awarded.
由于认为所得分数不公，英国各地的A-level考生举行了抗议活动。
Ofqual chair Mr Taylor apologised for the "difficulty" caused to students over its grading system.
Ofqual的主席泰勒先生为评分制度给学生们造成的“困难”道歉。
He told the BBC: "I would like to say sorry. We have recognised the difficulty that young people have faced coping with the receipt of grades that they were unable to understand the basis on which they had been awarded."
他告诉英国广播公司：“我想说对不起。我们认识到了年轻人在收到成绩时所面临的困境，他们无法理解自己获得成绩的依据。”
He added the regulator realised it had taken "the wrong road" and decided to "change course" after seeing the "anxiety" it had caused to young people and the added "administrative burden on teachers at a time when they need to be preparing for the new school term".
他补充说，在看到给年轻人带来了“焦虑”，而且“在需要为新学期做准备时给教师增加了行政负担”之后，监管机构意识到自己走了“错误的道路”，并决定“改变政策”。
对大学的挑战
Alistair Jarvis, chief executive of Universities UK, said universities were being "as flexible as possible with applicants" but that the "late policy change" has created "challenges".
英国大学协会首席执行官阿利斯泰尔•贾维斯表示，大学正在“尽可能灵活地对待申请者”，但“政策的后期变化”带来了“挑战”。
He called on the government to "step up and support universities", adding that Universities UK was seeking "urgent clarification" on a number of issues.
他呼吁政府“加强对大学的支持”，并补充说该协会正在寻求“紧急澄清”一些问题。
In a statement, the Universities and Colleges Admissions Service (Ucas) said about 69% of 18-year old applicants across the UK were currently placed with their first-choice university, which it said was "higher than at the same point last year".
在一份声明中，英国大学和学院招生服务中心（Ucas）表示，目前英国约有69%的18岁申请者被他们的第一志愿大学录取。该机构称，这一比例“比去年同期还要高”。
It said students who did not have places at their first or insurance choice of university did not need to make their decision immediately.
该中心称，那些未被第一志愿大学或者保底院校录取的学生不需要立即做出决定。
Ucas said it would be issuing new advice for students and schools, which would be sent directly to students, as soon as they were able to take a decision.
Ucas表示，一旦管理部门有了正式决定，该机构将向学生和学校发布新的建议，这些建议将直接发给学生。
英文来源：BBC
翻译&编辑：yaning | Shoppers walk past social distancing signs at the Covent Garden shopping and dining district, amid the spread of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), in London, Britain, Aug 2, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
A-level and GCSE students in England will be given grades estimated by their teachers, rather than by an algorithm, after a government U-turn.
It follows uproar after about 40% of A-level results were downgraded by exams regulator Ofqual, which used a formula based on schools' prior grades.
GCSE results in England, Wales and Northern Ireland come out on Thursday.
Ofqual chair Roger Taylor and Education Secretary Gavin Williamson apologised for the "distress" caused.
Teachers' estimates will be awarded to students unless the computer algorithm gave a higher grade.
Mr Williamson said the results of mock exams - which critics said can be inconsistent across different schools - will now not be a key part of the appeals process.
In a statement, he acknowledged the "extraordinarily difficult" year for students, after exams were cancelled due to the coronavirus pandemic.
He said the Department for Education had worked with Ofqual to design "the fairest possible model" but it had become clear that the process of awarding grades had resulted in "more significant inconsistencies than can be resolved through an appeals process".
"I am sorry for the distress this has caused young people and their parents but hope this announcement will now provide the certainty and reassurance they deserve," said Mr Williamson.
He also revealed the temporary cap on the number of places that universities can offer to students would be lifted.
Customers queue to buy takeaway beer from a pub, as the spread of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) continues, in Brixton, London, Britain, June 22, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
In a tweet, Labour leader Sir Keir Starmer said the government had been "forced into a screeching U-turn after days of confusion".
A-level students held protests across the UK in response to grades they said were unfairly awarded.
Ofqual chair Mr Taylor apologised for the "difficulty" caused to students over its grading system.
He told the BBC: "I would like to say sorry. We have recognised the difficulty that young people have faced coping with the receipt of grades that they were unable to understand the basis on which they had been awarded."
He added the regulator realised it had taken "the wrong road" and decided to "change course" after seeing the "anxiety" it had caused to young people and the added "administrative burden on teachers at a time when they need to be preparing for the new school term".
Alistair Jarvis, chief executive of Universities UK, said universities were being "as flexible as possible with applicants" but that the "late policy change" has created "challenges".
He called on the government to "step up and support universities", adding that Universities UK was seeking "urgent clarification" on a number of issues.
In a statement, the Universities and Colleges Admissions Service (Ucas) said about 69% of 18-year old applicants across the UK were currently placed with their first-choice university, which it said was "higher than at the same point last year".
It said students who did not have places at their first or insurance choice of university did not need to make their decision immediately.
Ucas said it would be issuing new advice for students and schools, which would be sent directly to students, as soon as they were able to take a decision. | 为了防控新冠疫情，英国今年并未举行A-level和GCSE（分别相当于中国的高考和中考）考试，考生成绩由一套算法得出。但在已放榜的“高考”成绩中，近40%的学生成绩低于教师给出的预估分数。这使得许多学生与名校失之交臂，引发了考生和家长的抗议。英国政府已宣布改变成绩计算政策，以教师的评估作为最终成绩。
英国政府对考生成绩政策出现180度大转弯，A-level和GCSE（分别相当于中国的高考和中考）考生的分数将由他们的老师评估给出，而不是通过算法来计算。
由于英国资格及考试监督办公室（Ofqual）使用了基于学校之前成绩的公式来计算考生分数，大约40%的考生A-level成绩低于教师评估，引发了轩然大波。
uproar[ˈʌprɔː(r)]：n.骚动；喧嚣
英格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰的GCSE成绩将于周四（8月20日）公布。
Ofqual的主席罗杰·泰勒和英国教育大臣加文·威廉姆森就此事给大家造成的“痛苦”表示道歉。
除非计算机算法给出更高的分数，否则考生成绩将由教师评估得出。
威廉姆森说，模拟考试的结果将不再是申诉程序的关键部分。批评人士认为不同学校之间的模拟考试评分标准可能不一致。
他在一份声明中承认，受新冠疫情影响，A-level和GCSE考试被取消，今年对学生来说“特别艰难”。
他表示，英国教育部之前与Ofqual合作，设计出“尽可能公平的模式”，但很明显，评分过程导致了“更严重的不一致，无法通过申诉程序解决”。
威廉姆森说：“我对此事给年轻人和他们的父母带来的痛苦感到抱歉，但希望这一消息能给他们带来应得的确定性和安慰。”
他还透露，将取消大学招生名额的临时上限。
数日的混乱
工党领袖基尔•斯塔默爵士发推文表示，政府“在经历了数日的混乱后，政策被迫做出180度大转弯”。
由于认为所得分数不公，英国各地的A-level考生举行了抗议活动。
Ofqual的主席泰勒先生为评分制度给学生们造成的“困难”道歉。
他告诉英国广播公司：“我想说对不起。我们认识到了年轻人在收到成绩时所面临的困境，他们无法理解自己获得成绩的依据。”
他补充说，在看到给年轻人带来了“焦虑”，而且“在需要为新学期做准备时给教师增加了行政负担”之后，监管机构意识到自己走了“错误的道路”，并决定“改变政策”。
对大学的挑战
英国大学协会首席执行官阿利斯泰尔•贾维斯表示，大学正在“尽可能灵活地对待申请者”，但“政策的后期变化”带来了“挑战”。
他呼吁政府“加强对大学的支持”，并补充说该协会正在寻求“紧急澄清”一些问题。
在一份声明中，英国大学和学院招生服务中心（Ucas）表示，目前英国约有69%的18岁申请者被他们的第一志愿大学录取。该机构称，这一比例“比去年同期还要高”。
该中心称，那些未被第一志愿大学或者保底院校录取的学生不需要立即做出决定。
Ucas表示，一旦管理部门有了正式决定，该机构将向学生和学校发布新的建议，这些建议将直接发给学生。
英文来源：BBC
翻译&编辑：yaning |
伴随疫情而来的失业、停学、隔离让美国人倍感焦虑和抑郁。美国疾病控制与预防中心的调查发现，六月份认真考虑自杀的美国成年人数量比去年同期增加了一倍，其中多达四分之一的年轻人有自杀倾向。
US President Donald Trump speaks about a Trump administration plan aimed at helping to prevent suicides by US veterans and other Americans, in the East Room at the White House in Washington, US, June 17, 2020. REUTERS/Tom Brenner
In a recent panel survey of more than 5,400 people, nearly 11% of United States adults reported seriously contemplating suicide in June. That is nearly double the percentage who did so last summer, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention stated.
美国疾病控制与预防中心指出，最近一次涵盖了逾5400人的样本调查发现，近11%的美国成年人报告称在六月份认真考虑过自杀，相比去年夏天几乎翻了一番。
According to a report released Thursday, the CDC asked 5,412 participants in a survey if they seriously considered suicide in the 30 days preceding the survey performed the last week of June. The findings revealed that 10.7% of Americans reported contemplating suicide compared to 4.3% who reported the same thing throughout 2018. The study also found that 40% of Americans reported some form of mental health issue or substance abuse related to the coronavirus pandemic.
根据8月13日发布的一份报告，美国疾病控制与预防中心在六月份的最后一周开展的调查中询问5412名参与者在调查前的30天内是否认真考虑过自杀。结果发现有10.7%的美国人报告称考虑过自杀，相比之下，2018全年有4.3%的人考虑过自杀。研究还发现，40%的美国人报告称受疫情影响自己出现了某种心理健康或药物滥用问题。
The percentages were far higher in certain groups, including essential workers and ethnic and racial minorities. The study found that the groups with the highest rates of suicide ideation were unpaid caregivers for adults, citing 30% who contemplated it in June. The other group highly affected was the 18- to 24 age group with 25% reporting having those thoughts.
在某些人群中这一比例要高得多，包括必须在岗的劳动人员和少数族裔人口。研究发现，自杀意念率最高的是没有报酬的成年人护工，有30%曾在六月考虑过自杀。自杀倾向高的另一个人群是18岁到24岁的年轻人，有25%报告称考虑过自杀。
Ethnic and racial minority groups were found to be disproportionately affected as well. The report said 15.1% of Black and 18.6% of Hispanic Americans reported seriously thinking about suicide in June.
调查发现，少数族裔人群的自杀倾向也偏高。报告称，15.1%的黑人和18.6%的西班牙裔美国人报告称在六月份认真考虑过自杀。
Besides an increase in suicide ideation, the study found that there was also an increase in symptoms of depression and anxiety. The rate of depression symptoms quadrupled in number and anxiety tripled compared to the second quarter of 2019.
除了自杀意念上升外，研究还发现，抑郁和焦虑的症状也增加了。出现抑郁症状的人数相比2019年第二季度翻了两番，出现焦虑症状的人数则增至三倍。
About 13% of those surveyed said they increased or started using substances to cope with stress during June.
约13%的受访者称，他们在六月份开始使用药物来应对压力或增加了药量。
The authors of the report stated factors need to be investigated such as social isolation, unemployment and financial concerns, lack of school structure, and forms of violence, to see how they serve as additional stressors. The report pointed out that the increased percentages of these mental and behavioral health effects highlights the impact this pandemic has on the population. The study authors stated the report also helped with “identification of populations at increased risk for psychological distress and unhealthy coping." It suggested expanded use of telehealth to provide services to those in need.
这份报告的作者指出还需要调查一些作为附加压力来源的因素是如何发挥作用的，比如社交隔离、失业和经济困难、学校常规教学模式缺失以及不同形式的暴力。报告指出，心理和行为健康问题的比例增加凸显了疫情对人们的影响。作者们指出，这份报告还有助于“识别心理压力和不健康应对方式风险增加的人群”。研究建议扩大远程医疗的应用，为那些需要的人提供服务。
英文来源：福克斯新闻网
翻译&编辑：丹妮 | US President Donald Trump speaks about a Trump administration plan aimed at helping to prevent suicides by US veterans and other Americans, in the East Room at the White House in Washington, US, June 17, 2020. REUTERS/Tom Brenner
In a recent panel survey of more than 5,400 people, nearly 11% of United States adults reported seriously contemplating suicide in June. That is nearly double the percentage who did so last summer, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention stated.
According to a report released Thursday, the CDC asked 5,412 participants in a survey if they seriously considered suicide in the 30 days preceding the survey performed the last week of June. The findings revealed that 10.7% of Americans reported contemplating suicide compared to 4.3% who reported the same thing throughout 2018. The study also found that 40% of Americans reported some form of mental health issue or substance abuse related to the coronavirus pandemic.
The percentages were far higher in certain groups, including essential workers and ethnic and racial minorities. The study found that the groups with the highest rates of suicide ideation were unpaid caregivers for adults, citing 30% who contemplated it in June. The other group highly affected was the 18- to 24 age group with 25% reporting having those thoughts.
Ethnic and racial minority groups were found to be disproportionately affected as well. The report said 15.1% of Black and 18.6% of Hispanic Americans reported seriously thinking about suicide in June.
Besides an increase in suicide ideation, the study found that there was also an increase in symptoms of depression and anxiety. The rate of depression symptoms quadrupled in number and anxiety tripled compared to the second quarter of 2019.
About 13% of those surveyed said they increased or started using substances to cope with stress during June.
The authors of the report stated factors need to be investigated such as social isolation, unemployment and financial concerns, lack of school structure, and forms of violence, to see how they serve as additional stressors. The report pointed out that the increased percentages of these mental and behavioral health effects highlights the impact this pandemic has on the population. The study authors stated the report also helped with “identification of populations at increased risk for psychological distress and unhealthy coping." It suggested expanded use of telehealth to provide services to those in need. | 伴随疫情而来的失业、停学、隔离让美国人倍感焦虑和抑郁。美国疾病控制与预防中心的调查发现，六月份认真考虑自杀的美国成年人数量比去年同期增加了一倍，其中多达四分之一的年轻人有自杀倾向。
美国疾病控制与预防中心指出，最近一次涵盖了逾5400人的样本调查发现，近11%的美国成年人报告称在六月份认真考虑过自杀，相比去年夏天几乎翻了一番。
根据8月13日发布的一份报告，美国疾病控制与预防中心在六月份的最后一周开展的调查中询问5412名参与者在调查前的30天内是否认真考虑过自杀。结果发现有10.7%的美国人报告称考虑过自杀，相比之下，2018全年有4.3%的人考虑过自杀。研究还发现，40%的美国人报告称受疫情影响自己出现了某种心理健康或药物滥用问题。
在某些人群中这一比例要高得多，包括必须在岗的劳动人员和少数族裔人口。研究发现，自杀意念率最高的是没有报酬的成年人护工，有30%曾在六月考虑过自杀。自杀倾向高的另一个人群是18岁到24岁的年轻人，有25%报告称考虑过自杀。
调查发现，少数族裔人群的自杀倾向也偏高。报告称，15.1%的黑人和18.6%的西班牙裔美国人报告称在六月份认真考虑过自杀。
除了自杀意念上升外，研究还发现，抑郁和焦虑的症状也增加了。出现抑郁症状的人数相比2019年第二季度翻了两番，出现焦虑症状的人数则增至三倍。
约13%的受访者称，他们在六月份开始使用药物来应对压力或增加了药量。
这份报告的作者指出还需要调查一些作为附加压力来源的因素是如何发挥作用的，比如社交隔离、失业和经济困难、学校常规教学模式缺失以及不同形式的暴力。报告指出，心理和行为健康问题的比例增加凸显了疫情对人们的影响。作者们指出，这份报告还有助于“识别心理压力和不健康应对方式风险增加的人群”。研究建议扩大远程医疗的应用，为那些需要的人提供服务。
英文来源：福克斯新闻网
翻译&编辑：丹妮 |
为防范新冠疫情，意大利佛罗伦萨的商家近日重新启用17世纪用来对抗黑死病的工具：“酒窗”。通过酒窗，商家既能向顾客售卖商品，又能与他们保持适当的社交距离。
图片来源：Instagram截图
As 16th-century Florentines dropped like flies to the plague, survivors drowned their fears in wine, passed to them through small windows which are enjoying a renaissance during the coronavirus era.
由于瘟疫盛行，16世纪的佛罗伦萨人纷纷病倒，幸存者借酒消除恐惧，商家通过小窗户把酒出售给顾客。而在新冠疫情时期，这种售卖方式再次兴起。
The small "wine windows" can be seen dotted around the Tuscan capital next to the grand entrances of sumptuous noble palaces, where wealthy families used to sell alcohol directly to thirsty customers, passing flasks through to eager hands.
在托斯卡纳区首府佛罗伦萨，豪华的贵族宫殿的宏伟入口旁随处可见小小的“酒窗”。过去，富裕的家庭在这里直接向口渴的顾客出售酒，把小酒瓶递给渴望喝上一杯的人。
sumptuous [ˈsʌmptʃuəs]：adj.华丽的，豪华的；奢侈的
Over time, the apertures, just 30 centimetres high and 20 centimetres wide, fell into disuse.
随着时间的推移，只有30厘米高、20厘米宽的“酒窗”就不再使用了。
But the Covid-19 pandemic has seen their resurgence, with bars using them to serve ice-cold cocktails like Aperol Spritz, gelato or coffee.
但新冠疫情使“酒窗”再度启用，酒吧用它来出售冰镇阿佩罗开胃鸡尾酒、意式冰淇淋或咖啡。
They offer a way for establishments hit hard by the lockdown to attract customers while adhering to social distancing rules.
它们为受到封锁重创的商家提供了一种既能吸引顾客，又能遵守社交距离规则的售卖方式。
The windows pre-date the plague. They were created by the Medici family, after it returned to power in 1532 following the fall of the Florentine Republic, according to scholar Massimo Casprini, who has written a book about them.
这些“酒窗”在疫情之前就存在了。据学者马西莫·卡斯普林尼所著，梅第奇家族在佛罗伦萨共和国垮台后，于1532年重新掌权，之后发明了“酒窗”。
The famed political dynasty "wanted to promote agriculture, so encouraged large Florentine landowners to invest in olive groves and vineyards... while giving them tax breaks to sell their production directly in town," he told AFP.
他告诉法新社说，这个著名的政治王朝“想要发展农业，所以鼓励佛罗伦萨的大地主投资橄榄园和葡萄园……同时给予他们在城里直接销售产品的税收优惠。
The landowners were only allowed to sell wine they had produced themselves, and only 1.4 litres at a time.
地主只能销售自产葡萄酒，且一次只能销售1.4升。
But it got rid of the middleman.
但这种方式摆脱了中间商。
"Common people could buy wine at a more reasonable price than from the shopkeepers," Casprini said.
卡斯普林尼说：“比起从店里购买，普通人可以用更合理的价格买到葡萄酒。”
That could translate into big savings, for "at the time wine consumption was enormous," he said, with a grin.
这可以省下一大笔钱，因为“当时的葡萄酒消费量很大，”他笑着说。
图片来源：Facebook截图
It also had another unexpected benefit: ensuring social distancing.
“酒窗”还有另一个意想不到的好处：保证社交距离。
"The window was closed with a wooden panel, the customer would knock with the knocker, and the wine merchant inside would take the empty bottle and fill it," Casprini said.
卡斯普林尼说：“窗户是用木板关上的，顾客会用门环敲门，里面的酒商会把空瓶子装满。”
"That meant no direct contact," said the 78-year old.
这位78岁的老人说：“这意味着没有直接接触。”
To date, some 267 of the wine windows have been rediscovered in Tuscany, with 149 of them in the centre of Florence.
到目前为止，托斯卡纳区重新启用了大约267个“酒窗”，其中149个位于佛罗伦萨市中心。
"There were many more," Casprini added.
卡斯普林尼补充道：“其实还有更多。”
"Almost every landowner had one, but many of them were destroyed, particularly during the Second World War bombings".
“几乎每个地主都有一个，但其中许多被毁，特别是在第二次世界大战轰炸期间”。
Others have been walled up, but can still be spotted by their distinctive frames in grey sandstone, or stone dug from quarries in the nearby picturesque town of Fiesole.
还有一些已经被墙围起来了，但仍然可以从灰色砂岩或从附近风景如画的菲耶索尔镇采石场挖出的石头上看到它们独特的外形。
An association called "Le buchette del vino" ("Wine Holes") now catalogues the windows, placing plaques below each one.
如今，一个名为“酒洞”的协会将“酒窗”分类，并在每个“酒窗”下方放置匾额。
Despite being protected by law, Casprini said that three windows "have already disappeared" since his first census in 2005.
卡斯普林尼说，尽管受到法律保护，但是自从2005年他的首次调查以来，已有三个酒窗“消失了”。
Those left are used as everything from quirky hatches in bars or cafes, to shop displays and even small Catholic shrines.
剩下的那些用途各异，酒吧或咖啡馆里古怪的门，商店展示窗，甚至是小型天主教神龛。
英文来源：法新社
翻译&编辑：yaning | As 16th-century Florentines dropped like flies to the plague, survivors drowned their fears in wine, passed to them through small windows which are enjoying a renaissance during the coronavirus era.
The small "wine windows" can be seen dotted around the Tuscan capital next to the grand entrances of sumptuous noble palaces, where wealthy families used to sell alcohol directly to thirsty customers, passing flasks through to eager hands.
Over time, the apertures, just 30 centimetres high and 20 centimetres wide, fell into disuse.
But the Covid-19 pandemic has seen their resurgence, with bars using them to serve ice-cold cocktails like Aperol Spritz, gelato or coffee.
They offer a way for establishments hit hard by the lockdown to attract customers while adhering to social distancing rules.
The windows pre-date the plague. They were created by the Medici family, after it returned to power in 1532 following the fall of the Florentine Republic, according to scholar Massimo Casprini, who has written a book about them.
The famed political dynasty "wanted to promote agriculture, so encouraged large Florentine landowners to invest in olive groves and vineyards... while giving them tax breaks to sell their production directly in town," he told AFP.
The landowners were only allowed to sell wine they had produced themselves, and only 1.4 litres at a time.
But it got rid of the middleman.
"Common people could buy wine at a more reasonable price than from the shopkeepers," Casprini said.
That could translate into big savings, for "at the time wine consumption was enormous," he said, with a grin.
It also had another unexpected benefit: ensuring social distancing.
"The window was closed with a wooden panel, the customer would knock with the knocker, and the wine merchant inside would take the empty bottle and fill it," Casprini said.
"That meant no direct contact," said the 78-year old.
To date, some 267 of the wine windows have been rediscovered in Tuscany, with 149 of them in the centre of Florence.
"There were many more," Casprini added.
"Almost every landowner had one, but many of them were destroyed, particularly during the Second World War bombings".
Others have been walled up, but can still be spotted by their distinctive frames in grey sandstone, or stone dug from quarries in the nearby picturesque town of Fiesole.
An association called "Le buchette del vino" ("Wine Holes") now catalogues the windows, placing plaques below each one.
Despite being protected by law, Casprini said that three windows "have already disappeared" since his first census in 2005.
Those left are used as everything from quirky hatches in bars or cafes, to shop displays and even small Catholic shrines. | 为防范新冠疫情，意大利佛罗伦萨的商家近日重新启用17世纪用来对抗黑死病的工具：“酒窗”。通过酒窗，商家既能向顾客售卖商品，又能与他们保持适当的社交距离。
图片来源：Instagram截图
由于瘟疫盛行，16世纪的佛罗伦萨人纷纷病倒，幸存者借酒消除恐惧，商家通过小窗户把酒出售给顾客。而在新冠疫情时期，这种售卖方式再次兴起。
在托斯卡纳区首府佛罗伦萨，豪华的贵族宫殿的宏伟入口旁随处可见小小的“酒窗”。过去，富裕的家庭在这里直接向口渴的顾客出售酒，把小酒瓶递给渴望喝上一杯的人。
sumptuous [ˈsʌmptʃuəs]：adj.华丽的，豪华的；奢侈的
随着时间的推移，只有30厘米高、20厘米宽的“酒窗”就不再使用了。
但新冠疫情使“酒窗”再度启用，酒吧用它来出售冰镇阿佩罗开胃鸡尾酒、意式冰淇淋或咖啡。
它们为受到封锁重创的商家提供了一种既能吸引顾客，又能遵守社交距离规则的售卖方式。
这些“酒窗”在疫情之前就存在了。据学者马西莫·卡斯普林尼所著，梅第奇家族在佛罗伦萨共和国垮台后，于1532年重新掌权，之后发明了“酒窗”。
他告诉法新社说，这个著名的政治王朝“想要发展农业，所以鼓励佛罗伦萨的大地主投资橄榄园和葡萄园……同时给予他们在城里直接销售产品的税收优惠。
地主只能销售自产葡萄酒，且一次只能销售1.4升。
但这种方式摆脱了中间商。
卡斯普林尼说：“比起从店里购买，普通人可以用更合理的价格买到葡萄酒。”
这可以省下一大笔钱，因为“当时的葡萄酒消费量很大，”他笑着说。
图片来源：Facebook截图
“酒窗”还有另一个意想不到的好处：保证社交距离。
卡斯普林尼说：“窗户是用木板关上的，顾客会用门环敲门，里面的酒商会把空瓶子装满。”
这位78岁的老人说：“这意味着没有直接接触。”
到目前为止，托斯卡纳区重新启用了大约267个“酒窗”，其中149个位于佛罗伦萨市中心。
卡斯普林尼补充道：“其实还有更多。”
“几乎每个地主都有一个，但其中许多被毁，特别是在第二次世界大战轰炸期间”。
还有一些已经被墙围起来了，但仍然可以从灰色砂岩或从附近风景如画的菲耶索尔镇采石场挖出的石头上看到它们独特的外形。
如今，一个名为“酒洞”的协会将“酒窗”分类，并在每个“酒窗”下方放置匾额。
卡斯普林尼说，尽管受到法律保护，但是自从2005年他的首次调查以来，已有三个酒窗“消失了”。
剩下的那些用途各异，酒吧或咖啡馆里古怪的门，商店展示窗，甚至是小型天主教神龛。
英文来源：法新社
翻译&编辑：yaning |
近日，新西兰再现新冠肺炎本土病例，感染源疑似来自冷冻食品包装。世界卫生组织则表示，没有证据表明新冠病毒能通过食品和包装传播。
Vairous products are displayed in the frozen food department at a supermarket of Swiss retail group Migros, as the spread of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) continues, in Zurich, Switzerland June 24, 2020. REUTERS/Arnd Wiegmann
The World Health Organization said on Thursday it saw no evidence of coronavirus being spread by food or packaging and urged people not to be afraid of the virus entering the food chain.
世界卫生组织8月13日表示，没有发现新冠病毒通过食品或包装传播的证据，并让人们不用担心病毒会进入食物链。
Two cities in China said they had found traces of the coronavirus in imported frozen chicken wings from Brazil and on outer packaging of frozen Ecuadorian shrimp, raising fears that contaminated food shipments might cause a new outbreak.
中国的两个城市称，在从巴西进口的冷冻鸡翅和从厄瓜多尔进口的冷冻虾外包装上发现了新冠病毒，引发了人们对于食品运输过程中的污染可能导致新一波疫情的担忧。
"People should not fear food, or food packaging or processing or delivery of food," WHO head of emergencies programme Mike Ryan told a briefing in Geneva. "There is no evidence that food or the food chain is participating in transmission of this virus. And people should feel comfortable and safe."
世界卫生组织紧急事件项目负责人麦克·瑞恩在日内瓦的情况通报会上说：“人们不应该对食品、食品包装、食品加工或食品运送感到恐惧。没有证据表明食品或食物链参与了病毒的传播。在这方面人们应该感到放心和安全。”
WHO epidemiologist Maria Van Kerkhove said China had tested hundreds of thousands of packages and "found very, very few, less than 10" proving positive for the virus.
世卫组织的流行病学家玛利亚·凡·柯尔克霍夫表示，中国已经检测了数十万包装，“发现极少的，不到10个包装”的新冠病毒检测呈阳性。
A woman looks at frozen food products in a supermarket following an outbreak of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Beijing, China, August 13, 2020. REUTERS/Thomas Peter
More than 20.69 million people have been reported to be infected by the novel coronavirus globally and almost 750,000 have died, according to a Reuters tally.
根据路透社的记录，全球已有逾2069万人感染了新冠病毒，近75万人死于新冠肺炎。
The WHO urged countries now that are striking bilateral deals for vaccines not to abandon multilateral efforts, since vaccinating pockets will still leave the world vulnerable.
世界卫生组织敦促那些目前已达成双边疫苗协议的国家不要放弃多边努力，因为一些国家无力承担接种疫苗所需的资金，世界仍然会陷入危险。
Russian President Vladimir Putin said on Tuesday that Russia had become the first country to grant regulatory approval to a COVID-19 vaccine after less than two months of human testing.
俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·普京11日表示，在不到两个月的人体测试后，俄罗斯成为首个批准新冠疫苗的国家。
The WHO does not have enough information to make a judgment on the expanded use of the Russian vaccine, said Bruce Aylward, WHO senior adviser.
世卫组织的高级顾问布鲁斯·艾尔沃德称，世界卫生组织没有足够的信息来对俄罗斯疫苗的广泛使用作出判断。
"The vast majority of the population of the world is susceptible to this disease," he told the briefing. "The second thing that we are seeing is the stringency of the application of control measures is dropping. People are coming closer together...masks aren't being used the way that they should etc.
他在情况通报会上说：“世界上的绝大多数人口都是新冠肺炎的易感人群。此外，我们发现防控措施的力度正在下降。人们靠得越来越近……也没有正确使用口罩。”
stringency[ˈstrɪndʒənsi]:n. 严格
"So any levelling of the disease that we are looking at is just lulling you into a sense of false security ... because it has lots of space to still cause trouble," Aylward added.
艾尔沃德补充道：“目前看到的任何疫情曲线趋平只不过在引诱人们产生虚假的安全感……因为制造麻烦的空间仍然很大。”
英文来源：路透社
翻译&编辑：丹妮 | Vairous products are displayed in the frozen food department at a supermarket of Swiss retail group Migros, as the spread of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) continues, in Zurich, Switzerland June 24, 2020. REUTERS/Arnd Wiegmann
The World Health Organization said on Thursday it saw no evidence of coronavirus being spread by food or packaging and urged people not to be afraid of the virus entering the food chain.
Two cities in China said they had found traces of the coronavirus in imported frozen chicken wings from Brazil and on outer packaging of frozen Ecuadorian shrimp, raising fears that contaminated food shipments might cause a new outbreak.
"People should not fear food, or food packaging or processing or delivery of food," WHO head of emergencies programme Mike Ryan told a briefing in Geneva. "There is no evidence that food or the food chain is participating in transmission of this virus. And people should feel comfortable and safe."
WHO epidemiologist Maria Van Kerkhove said China had tested hundreds of thousands of packages and "found very, very few, less than 10" proving positive for the virus.
A woman looks at frozen food products in a supermarket following an outbreak of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Beijing, China, August 13, 2020. REUTERS/Thomas Peter
More than 20.69 million people have been reported to be infected by the novel coronavirus globally and almost 750,000 have died, according to a Reuters tally.
The WHO urged countries now that are striking bilateral deals for vaccines not to abandon multilateral efforts, since vaccinating pockets will still leave the world vulnerable.
Russian President Vladimir Putin said on Tuesday that Russia had become the first country to grant regulatory approval to a COVID-19 vaccine after less than two months of human testing.
The WHO does not have enough information to make a judgment on the expanded use of the Russian vaccine, said Bruce Aylward, WHO senior adviser.
"The vast majority of the population of the world is susceptible to this disease," he told the briefing. "The second thing that we are seeing is the stringency of the application of control measures is dropping. People are coming closer together...masks aren't being used the way that they should etc.
"So any levelling of the disease that we are looking at is just lulling you into a sense of false security ... because it has lots of space to still cause trouble," Aylward added. | 近日，新西兰再现新冠肺炎本土病例，感染源疑似来自冷冻食品包装。世界卫生组织则表示，没有证据表明新冠病毒能通过食品和包装传播。
世界卫生组织8月13日表示，没有发现新冠病毒通过食品或包装传播的证据，并让人们不用担心病毒会进入食物链。
中国的两个城市称，在从巴西进口的冷冻鸡翅和从厄瓜多尔进口的冷冻虾外包装上发现了新冠病毒，引发了人们对于食品运输过程中的污染可能导致新一波疫情的担忧。
世界卫生组织紧急事件项目负责人麦克·瑞恩在日内瓦的情况通报会上说：“人们不应该对食品、食品包装、食品加工或食品运送感到恐惧。没有证据表明食品或食物链参与了病毒的传播。在这方面人们应该感到放心和安全。”
世卫组织的流行病学家玛利亚·凡·柯尔克霍夫表示，中国已经检测了数十万包装，“发现极少的，不到10个包装”的新冠病毒检测呈阳性。
根据路透社的记录，全球已有逾2069万人感染了新冠病毒，近75万人死于新冠肺炎。
世界卫生组织敦促那些目前已达成双边疫苗协议的国家不要放弃多边努力，因为一些国家无力承担接种疫苗所需的资金，世界仍然会陷入危险。
俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·普京11日表示，在不到两个月的人体测试后，俄罗斯成为首个批准新冠疫苗的国家。
世卫组织的高级顾问布鲁斯·艾尔沃德称，世界卫生组织没有足够的信息来对俄罗斯疫苗的广泛使用作出判断。
他在情况通报会上说：“世界上的绝大多数人口都是新冠肺炎的易感人群。此外，我们发现防控措施的力度正在下降。人们靠得越来越近……也没有正确使用口罩。”
stringency[ˈstrɪndʒənsi]:n. 严格
艾尔沃德补充道：“目前看到的任何疫情曲线趋平只不过在引诱人们产生虚假的安全感……因为制造麻烦的空间仍然很大。”
英文来源：路透社
翻译&编辑：丹妮 |
最近，Karen这个名字在美国变得似乎特别招人恨。
社交媒体上，不断能看到人们对Karen的嘲讽吐槽，仿佛Karen是过街老鼠一般：
今天也就才屏蔽了26个Karen吧，我得加把劲了。
Karen啥也不是，不信你去我上班的酒吧问问看，人人都这么说。
Karen们，老实在家呆着吧。
我再也受不了这些Karen了。希望老天让我遇上一个，我不知道别人是怎么能忍住不发火的，我可不行。
所以，Karen到底是谁？怎么几乎到了人人喊打的地步？
Karen名场面
带着这些疑问，我们看看网上那些“Karen名场面”。
其中最著名的，就是那位纽约中央公园Karen了。一名黑人男子要求她拴住她的狗后，她出言不逊地报了警，还向警察捏造了罪名。
Central Park Karen
中央公园Karen
New York woman Amy Cooper lost her job after getting into an argument with African-American man Christian Cooper, no relation, in Central Park after he asked her to leash her dog – in a leash area.
纽约女子Amy Cooper因与非裔美国男子Christian Cooper发生争执而丢掉了工作。两人非亲非故，争执起因是Christian在中央公园要求艾米把她的狗拴住。
"I'm taking a picture and calling the cops," Amy Cooper is heard saying in the video. "I'm going to tell them there's an African-American man threatening my life."
视频中可以听到Amy Cooper说:“我正在拍照，等下就报警。”“我要告诉警察，有一个非裔美国人威胁我的生命。”
Kroger Karen
克罗格Karen
Kroger Karen, named after the supermarket chain, blocked an African-American mother’s car so the woman couldn’t leave the market’s parking lot.
“克罗格卡伦”(Kroger Karen)以事发的连锁超市命名的，她挡住了一位非洲裔美国母亲的汽车，使其无法把车开出超市的停车场。
Whitefish Karen
怀特费什Karen
Whitefish Karen (named for her town in Montana) coughed on a couple when they called her out for not wearing a mask inside a grocery store.
“怀特费什卡伦”(Whitefish Karen)是以她所在的蒙大纳州小镇命名的，她对着一对夫妇咳嗽，因为他们要求她在一家食品杂货店里戴上口罩。
Permit Karen
许可证Karen
A New Jersey woman calling the police to report her Black neighbors were putting in a stone patio without a permit.
美国新泽西州一名女子向警方报案，说她的黑人邻居在没有许可的情况下建了石砌庭院。
Officer Karen
警察Karen
Georgia police officer Stacy Talbert teared up on Facebook Live while describing how "nervous" she felt while waiting for a McDonald's order.
乔治亚州警官Stacy Talbert在脸书直播时，谈到在麦当劳等餐时的“紧张”情绪而哭泣。
Karen人设
Karen其实是一个名字梗，代指中年、白人、歧视有色人种的女性，她们喜欢抱怨、小题大做、不相信科学、处处不配合。
堪萨斯州立大学的Heather Suzanne Woods教授认为:
“A Karen demands the world exist according to her standards with little regard for others, and she is willing to risk or demean others to achieve her ends.”
“Karen们要求世界按照她们的标准存在，很少考虑别人，她们愿意冒着风险或贬低别人来达到自己的目的。”
杂志编辑Rachel Charlene Lewis认同该解读：
“A Karen sees no one as an individual, instead moving through the world prepared to fight faceless conglomerate of lesser-than people who won’t give her what she wants and feels she deserves.”
“Karen并不把人看做个体，相反，他们把人看做一群面目模糊的乌合之众，时刻做准备，同那些不愿满足她们想当然需求的陌生人展开斗争。”
实际上，名字梗的玩儿法历史悠久。
乔治亚理工大学的AndréBrock教授指出，在美国黑奴制度废除之前，Miss Ann曾被用来指代那些想要对黑人施加权力的白人妇女。
在现代社会，随着视频行业发展，名字梗开始风靡，比如Permit Patty和BBQ Becky。
Permit Patty
许可证Patty
Alison Ettel, a San Francisco cannabis business owner, went viral after video emerged of her saying she was calling police on an eight-year-old black girl for "illegally selling water without a permit".
旧金山印度大麻企业主Alison Ettel的一段视频在网上疯传。视频中，Alison说她正在报警，举报一名8岁黑人女孩“未经许可非法卖水”。
BBQ Becky
烧烤Becky
After a white woman called the police on a group of Black folks barbecuing in a public park, the term "BBQ Becky" was coined.
一群黑人在公园烧烤时，一名白人女子报了警，于是“BBQ Becky”诞生了。
在所有的名字梗中，Karen流传最广。
2017年，一名Reddit用户在该平台宣泄了对前妻Karen的不满并设立标签，称她在离婚过程中带走了他的孩子和房子。之后，这个标签吸引了超过60万粉丝，大家都在这里分享自己与中年白人妇女不愉快的经历。
In 2017, an anonymous Reddit user went viral on the platform after posting rants about ex-wife Karen, who he said had taken his children and their house during the divorce proceedings.
而美国真人秀嘉宾Kate Gosselin的发型则被网友用来丰富Karen人设。她的侧分金色波波头成为Karen的标志，甚至有了对应的表情包。
新冠病毒Karen
疫情期间，Coronavirus Karen被用来指代不配合戴口罩，社交距离等政策的中年妇女。她们热衷于刁难工作人员，更是随时随地要求“speak to the manager”（和经理谈谈）。
Aggressively refusing to wear a face covering to help protect others from the virus has been seen as a new iteration of the stereotype of the entitled Karen who harasses service industry workers.
一名白人妇女因为不愿意戴口罩超过45分钟而哭泣的视频在网上疯传。
I don't feel good. I can tell you right now I wasn't getting enough oxygen.
我不舒服，此时此刻，我觉得缺氧。
I just want to cry. Because you can't see people's faces, you can't make human connection, we can't hug people, we can't hold their babies.
我只想哭。因为看不到大家的脸，不能建立人际联结，不能拥抱其他人，不能拥抱婴儿。
也有商家为了对付Karen们，在标语上硬核喊话“Grow up Karen”。
下次看到有人吐槽Karen，再别真的将名叫Karen的姑娘对号入座啦！
编辑：李雪晴
实习生：康喆
参考来源：CNN、纽约时报、澎湃新闻、BBC等 | Central Park Karen
New York woman Amy Cooper lost her job after getting into an argument with African-American man Christian Cooper, no relation, in Central Park after he asked her to leash her dog – in a leash area.
"I'm taking a picture and calling the cops," Amy Cooper is heard saying in the video. "I'm going to tell them there's an African-American man threatening my life."
Kroger Karen
Kroger Karen, named after the supermarket chain, blocked an African-American mother’s car so the woman couldn’t leave the market’s parking lot.
Whitefish Karen
Whitefish Karen (named for her town in Montana) coughed on a couple when they called her out for not wearing a mask inside a grocery store.
Permit Karen
A New Jersey woman calling the police to report her Black neighbors were putting in a stone patio without a permit.
Officer Karen
Georgia police officer Stacy Talbert teared up on Facebook Live while describing how "nervous" she felt while waiting for a McDonald's order.
“A Karen demands the world exist according to her standards with little regard for others, and she is willing to risk or demean others to achieve her ends.”
“A Karen sees no one as an individual, instead moving through the world prepared to fight faceless conglomerate of lesser-than people who won’t give her what she wants and feels she deserves.”
Permit Patty
Alison Ettel, a San Francisco cannabis business owner, went viral after video emerged of her saying she was calling police on an eight-year-old black girl for "illegally selling water without a permit".
BBQ Becky
After a white woman called the police on a group of Black folks barbecuing in a public park, the term "BBQ Becky" was coined.
In 2017, an anonymous Reddit user went viral on the platform after posting rants about ex-wife Karen, who he said had taken his children and their house during the divorce proceedings.
Aggressively refusing to wear a face covering to help protect others from the virus has been seen as a new iteration of the stereotype of the entitled Karen who harasses service industry workers.
I don't feel good. I can tell you right now I wasn't getting enough oxygen.
I just want to cry. Because you can't see people's faces, you can't make human connection, we can't hug people, we can't hold their babies. | 最近，Karen这个名字在美国变得似乎特别招人恨。
社交媒体上，不断能看到人们对Karen的嘲讽吐槽，仿佛Karen是过街老鼠一般：
今天也就才屏蔽了26个Karen吧，我得加把劲了。
Karen啥也不是，不信你去我上班的酒吧问问看，人人都这么说。
Karen们，老实在家呆着吧。
我再也受不了这些Karen了。希望老天让我遇上一个，我不知道别人是怎么能忍住不发火的，我可不行。
所以，Karen到底是谁？怎么几乎到了人人喊打的地步？
Karen名场面
带着这些疑问，我们看看网上那些“Karen名场面”。
其中最著名的，就是那位纽约中央公园Karen了。一名黑人男子要求她拴住她的狗后，她出言不逊地报了警，还向警察捏造了罪名。
中央公园Karen
纽约女子Amy Cooper因与非裔美国男子Christian Cooper发生争执而丢掉了工作。两人非亲非故，争执起因是Christian在中央公园要求艾米把她的狗拴住。
视频中可以听到Amy Cooper说:“我正在拍照，等下就报警。”“我要告诉警察，有一个非裔美国人威胁我的生命。”
克罗格Karen
“克罗格卡伦”(Kroger Karen)以事发的连锁超市命名的，她挡住了一位非洲裔美国母亲的汽车，使其无法把车开出超市的停车场。
怀特费什Karen
“怀特费什卡伦”(Whitefish Karen)是以她所在的蒙大纳州小镇命名的，她对着一对夫妇咳嗽，因为他们要求她在一家食品杂货店里戴上口罩。
许可证Karen
美国新泽西州一名女子向警方报案，说她的黑人邻居在没有许可的情况下建了石砌庭院。
警察Karen
乔治亚州警官Stacy Talbert在脸书直播时，谈到在麦当劳等餐时的“紧张”情绪而哭泣。
Karen人设
Karen其实是一个名字梗，代指中年、白人、歧视有色人种的女性，她们喜欢抱怨、小题大做、不相信科学、处处不配合。
堪萨斯州立大学的Heather Suzanne Woods教授认为:
“Karen们要求世界按照她们的标准存在，很少考虑别人，她们愿意冒着风险或贬低别人来达到自己的目的。”
杂志编辑Rachel Charlene Lewis认同该解读：
“Karen并不把人看做个体，相反，他们把人看做一群面目模糊的乌合之众，时刻做准备，同那些不愿满足她们想当然需求的陌生人展开斗争。”
实际上，名字梗的玩儿法历史悠久。
乔治亚理工大学的AndréBrock教授指出，在美国黑奴制度废除之前，Miss Ann曾被用来指代那些想要对黑人施加权力的白人妇女。
在现代社会，随着视频行业发展，名字梗开始风靡，比如Permit Patty和BBQ Becky。
许可证Patty
旧金山印度大麻企业主Alison Ettel的一段视频在网上疯传。视频中，Alison说她正在报警，举报一名8岁黑人女孩“未经许可非法卖水”。
烧烤Becky
一群黑人在公园烧烤时，一名白人女子报了警，于是“BBQ Becky”诞生了。
在所有的名字梗中，Karen流传最广。
2017年，一名Reddit用户在该平台宣泄了对前妻Karen的不满并设立标签，称她在离婚过程中带走了他的孩子和房子。之后，这个标签吸引了超过60万粉丝，大家都在这里分享自己与中年白人妇女不愉快的经历。
而美国真人秀嘉宾Kate Gosselin的发型则被网友用来丰富Karen人设。她的侧分金色波波头成为Karen的标志，甚至有了对应的表情包。
新冠病毒Karen
疫情期间，Coronavirus Karen被用来指代不配合戴口罩，社交距离等政策的中年妇女。她们热衷于刁难工作人员，更是随时随地要求“speak to the manager”（和经理谈谈）。
一名白人妇女因为不愿意戴口罩超过45分钟而哭泣的视频在网上疯传。
我不舒服，此时此刻，我觉得缺氧。
我只想哭。因为看不到大家的脸，不能建立人际联结，不能拥抱其他人，不能拥抱婴儿。
也有商家为了对付Karen们，在标语上硬核喊话“Grow up Karen”。
下次看到有人吐槽Karen，再别真的将名叫Karen的姑娘对号入座啦！
编辑：李雪晴
实习生：康喆
参考来源：CNN、纽约时报、澎湃新闻、BBC等 |
还记得那位陪女儿考研却比女儿先考上的妈妈吗？
周亚松，早在2015年就因为给女儿陪考而率先考上华中师范大学的研究生。今年7月， 56岁的她又收到了韩国大学院的博士录取通知书。
活到老，学到老——这句话在周亚松的身上得到了印证。
有些人，人到中年、事业安稳、家庭和睦，不免就想继续年轻时的教育。
[Photo/Pexels]
国外知乎Quora上就有这么一道经典的体验题——“人到中年回到学校读书是什么体验？”底下充满了各种中年继续教育的励志故事：
网友Eamon O'Kelly 38岁的时候就回到学校念本科。
I went back to university full-time at 38 to finish my BA degree. I was the oldest student in all my classes but I would see a few older students around the college. I studied history and economics and did very well: I didn’t have the distractions that are common among traditional-age students such as partying and boyfriend/girlfriend dramas; I had the discipline that comes from 20 years in the workplace, and thus did everything well and on time; and I had real-world experience that benefited me greatly.
我38岁回到大学攻读全日制学士学位。我是所有班级中年龄最大的学生，但我也会在学院里看到一些年长的学生。我学的是历史和经济学，成绩很好：我没有受到传统年龄段学生常见的分心因素的影响，比方说参加派对以及恋爱那一套等；我有20年的工作经验，因此每件事都做得很好、很准时；这些现实世界的经验让我受益匪浅。
之后她又在41岁去了纽约大学法学院念研究生。
When I was 41, I went to law school of NYU. Again, I was among the older students but not the oldest: There was a woman in my class who had graduated from college the year I was born! The same factors that had benefited me in undergraduate studies also stood to me in law school (the real-world experience was particularly useful). I graduated in the top ten percent of my class at one of the best law schools in the United States.
我41岁的时候去了纽约大学法学院。我仍然是年龄较大的学生之一，但不是年龄最大的：我班上有位女同学在我出生那年就大学毕业了！使我在本科学习中受益的因素也同样在法学院帮到了我（现实世界的经验尤其有用）。我毕业于美国最好的法学院之一，成绩在班上名列前茅。
I have always loved history but studying it seriously at university broadened and deepened my understanding in ways that I cannot begin to describe. I also find economics inherently interesting and my undergraduate economics courses have helped me tremendously in my career as an antitrust lawyer.
我一直热爱历史，但在大学里认真学习历史，以我无法描述的方式拓宽和加深了我对历史的理解。我还发现经济学本身就很有趣，我本科的经济学课程对我反垄断律师的职业生涯帮助很大。
Dianne Mclaren-Brighton发现自己40多岁读研究生并不比20多岁读本科的时候难多少。年龄不是问题，她还交到了忘年交。
I got my master’s degree when I was in my 40s. It wasn't any more difficult than it was to get my BA in my late teen-early 20s. Most of my classmates were in their mid to late 20s, but other than having a few cultural references that were different, the age difference was not an issue. In fact, I now have a terrific friend who is a decade younger than I and whom I would never have met had we not been in school together.
我在40多岁的时候拿到了硕士学位，感觉并不比我在20岁出头的时候拿到学士学位困难多少。我的大多数同学都在20多岁左右，但除了有一些不同的文化背景外，年龄差异不是问题。事实上，我现在有一个很好的朋友，对方比我小十岁，如果我们不在一起上学，就不会有这段缘分。
Amer Khwaja也是类似的情况，他发现此前担心的很多事情根本就没有发生。
I went back to school at 43 and got my BS in photography. I was very nervous about it:
我43岁回到学校，拿到了摄影学的学士学位。起初我还挺担心的：
❶ I thought the other students would be smarter than me, that wasn’t the case.
我以为其他学生都会比我聪明，但事实并非如此
❷ I thought the other students wouldn’t like me, that wasn’t the case, they didn’t like me anymore or less than normal. For the most part, people just do their own thing.
我以为其他学生不会喜欢我，但这也没发生。他们喜不喜欢我跟一般情况没什么两样。大多时候，大家都只顾着做自己的事情。
❸ I actually feel I had an advantage in classes in that the professors were mostly about my age so I could relate to them better than the other students.
其实我感觉我在班里还有点优势，因为教授们基本上都是我这个年纪的，我感觉我比年轻学生更容易和他们相处。
❹ I liked college a lot because of my real-world experience, it made me understand things so much better and I was far more motivated to learn than some of the other students who were straight out of high school.
因为我有现实世界的经验，所以我挺喜欢读大学的。这些经验让我理解起知识来更快，而且我学起来也比其他同学有动力得多，他们才刚刚高中毕业。
Gill Bullen则表示，她的老公作为拥有过两段职业生涯的退伍军人，回到大学里学计算机是一件又实用又开心的事情。
My husband left secondary school at 15, and joined the Royal Navy; when he left (by then a junior officer) ten years later, they recommended that he should go to university, but he refused; he felt that at 25 he was too old.
我丈夫15岁就从中学加入了皇家海军；10年后他离开军队（当时是一名初级军官），有人建议他去上个大学，但他拒绝了；他觉得25岁年纪太大了。
Fifteen years and a second career (in industrial purchasing) later, he suddenly decided he wanted to go to university. He had a wonderful time there, was suddenly a good ten years younger, got a very good degree (in Computing) and went on to a happy third career as a freelance programmer and systems analyst.
十五年后，也是第二段职业生涯（工业采购）之后，他突然决定要上大学。他在学校里度过了一段美好的时光，整个人突然年轻了10岁，还获得了一个非常好的学位（计算机专业）。接着，他便开始了第三段愉快的职业生涯：做自由职业程序员和系统分析师。
曾经为很多大学生做过职业规划的Jann Hoke发现，很多“非传统学生”通常都是成绩拔尖的。
Almost without exception, the best and most motivated students are the non-traditional students. ("Non-traditional" is defined as a college student who doesn't fit the stereotype of being 18 - 22 years old.)
几乎无一例外，最好最积极的学生是非传统学生。（“非传统学生”意思是不符合18-22岁这个通常区间的大学生。）
In my experience, non-traditional students are more likely to be on time for class and be prepared. Their essays are usually far more interesting because of their life experiences. They ask good questions and they understand that they are paying me to teach them (through their tuition). They want value for their money and are willing to work with me to see that they get it.
根据我的经验，非传统的学生更有可能准时上课并做好充足准备。鉴于他们的生活经历，他们的文章通常要有趣得多。他们会提出各种好问题，也明白他们是付钱给我来教他们的（通过学费）。他们希望自己的钱花的值，并愿意与我合作以确保他们有所收获。
网友Traye White用三段排比鼓励了一把所有想要通过教育继续追梦的中年人。
People will always tell you you're too old, talk to you about the income you'll lose, bring up the opportunity cost. But you're already asking the question. In your 40′s you're thinking about going back to school and making yourself better, you already want to go back. Do it.
人们总是会跟你说你太老了，说你会失去多少收入，还会提到机会成本。但你已经在问这个问题了。在你40多岁的时候，你在想回到学校，让自己变得更好，你已经想回去了。那就去吧。
You can't put a financial price tag on your feelings of accomplishments and self-worth. Maybe it leads to a better job, maybe not. But you want a college degree, so go get one. As long as you don't neglect your family and bankrupt yourself chasing some foolish dream, do it.
你不能用金钱来衡量你的成就感和自我价值。继续教育也许会带来更好的工作，也许不会。但你想要大学学位，那就去搞一个。只要你不是为了追逐一些愚蠢的梦想而忽视你的家庭或者让自己破产，那就去做吧。
Most people work dead-end jobs for minimal pay and have very little time to enjoy themselves. If education gives you the slightest bit of happiness and satisfaction, shines a small glimmer of light on a dull existence, it's worth it, do it.
大多数人做着一眼望得到头的工作，赚着微薄的薪水，几乎没有时间享受自己的生活。如果教育能给你带来一丝快乐和满足感，在枯燥的生活中闪耀出一丝光芒，那就值得，去做吧。
当然，接受教育并不是一剂万灵药。
有些年轻人或许在父母唠叨的时候抱怨过他们为什么不能在自己的生活里去做些有意义的事情，比方说读书、研究摄影、接受教育等等。
但是事实是，工作过的人可以体会到，上完一天班回到家，最想做的不是接受教育，而是躺平吃瓜看剧。
Note
antitrust /ˌæntiˈtrʌst / adj 反托拉斯的；反垄断的
terrific / təˈrɪfɪk / adj 极好的；绝妙的；了不起的
freelance /ˈfriːlæns/ adj 特约的；自由职业的
existence /ɪɡˈzɪstəns/ n （尤指艰难或无聊的）生活，生活方式
glimmer /'ɡlɪmə(r)/ n.微弱的闪光
学士学位 a bachelor's degree
硕士学位 a master's degree
编辑：陈月华
来源：Quora | [Photo/Pexels]
I went back to university full-time at 38 to finish my BA degree. I was the oldest student in all my classes but I would see a few older students around the college. I studied history and economics and did very well: I didn’t have the distractions that are common among traditional-age students such as partying and boyfriend/girlfriend dramas; I had the discipline that comes from 20 years in the workplace, and thus did everything well and on time; and I had real-world experience that benefited me greatly.
When I was 41, I went to law school of NYU. Again, I was among the older students but not the oldest: There was a woman in my class who had graduated from college the year I was born! The same factors that had benefited me in undergraduate studies also stood to me in law school (the real-world experience was particularly useful). I graduated in the top ten percent of my class at one of the best law schools in the United States.
I have always loved history but studying it seriously at university broadened and deepened my understanding in ways that I cannot begin to describe. I also find economics inherently interesting and my undergraduate economics courses have helped me tremendously in my career as an antitrust lawyer.
I got my master’s degree when I was in my 40s. It wasn't any more difficult than it was to get my BA in my late teen-early 20s. Most of my classmates were in their mid to late 20s, but other than having a few cultural references that were different, the age difference was not an issue. In fact, I now have a terrific friend who is a decade younger than I and whom I would never have met had we not been in school together.
I went back to school at 43 and got my BS in photography. I was very nervous about it:
My husband left secondary school at 15, and joined the Royal Navy; when he left (by then a junior officer) ten years later, they recommended that he should go to university, but he refused; he felt that at 25 he was too old.
Fifteen years and a second career (in industrial purchasing) later, he suddenly decided he wanted to go to university. He had a wonderful time there, was suddenly a good ten years younger, got a very good degree (in Computing) and went on to a happy third career as a freelance programmer and systems analyst.
Almost without exception, the best and most motivated students are the non-traditional students. ("Non-traditional" is defined as a college student who doesn't fit the stereotype of being 18 - 22 years old.)
In my experience, non-traditional students are more likely to be on time for class and be prepared. Their essays are usually far more interesting because of their life experiences. They ask good questions and they understand that they are paying me to teach them (through their tuition). They want value for their money and are willing to work with me to see that they get it.
People will always tell you you're too old, talk to you about the income you'll lose, bring up the opportunity cost. But you're already asking the question. In your 40′s you're thinking about going back to school and making yourself better, you already want to go back. Do it.
You can't put a financial price tag on your feelings of accomplishments and self-worth. Maybe it leads to a better job, maybe not. But you want a college degree, so go get one. As long as you don't neglect your family and bankrupt yourself chasing some foolish dream, do it.
Most people work dead-end jobs for minimal pay and have very little time to enjoy themselves. If education gives you the slightest bit of happiness and satisfaction, shines a small glimmer of light on a dull existence, it's worth it, do it.
Note | 还记得那位陪女儿考研却比女儿先考上的妈妈吗？
周亚松，早在2015年就因为给女儿陪考而率先考上华中师范大学的研究生。今年7月， 56岁的她又收到了韩国大学院的博士录取通知书。
活到老，学到老——这句话在周亚松的身上得到了印证。
有些人，人到中年、事业安稳、家庭和睦，不免就想继续年轻时的教育。
国外知乎Quora上就有这么一道经典的体验题——“人到中年回到学校读书是什么体验？”底下充满了各种中年继续教育的励志故事：
网友Eamon O'Kelly 38岁的时候就回到学校念本科。
我38岁回到大学攻读全日制学士学位。我是所有班级中年龄最大的学生，但我也会在学院里看到一些年长的学生。我学的是历史和经济学，成绩很好：我没有受到传统年龄段学生常见的分心因素的影响，比方说参加派对以及恋爱那一套等；我有20年的工作经验，因此每件事都做得很好、很准时；这些现实世界的经验让我受益匪浅。
之后她又在41岁去了纽约大学法学院念研究生。
我41岁的时候去了纽约大学法学院。我仍然是年龄较大的学生之一，但不是年龄最大的：我班上有位女同学在我出生那年就大学毕业了！使我在本科学习中受益的因素也同样在法学院帮到了我（现实世界的经验尤其有用）。我毕业于美国最好的法学院之一，成绩在班上名列前茅。
我一直热爱历史，但在大学里认真学习历史，以我无法描述的方式拓宽和加深了我对历史的理解。我还发现经济学本身就很有趣，我本科的经济学课程对我反垄断律师的职业生涯帮助很大。
Dianne Mclaren-Brighton发现自己40多岁读研究生并不比20多岁读本科的时候难多少。年龄不是问题，她还交到了忘年交。
我在40多岁的时候拿到了硕士学位，感觉并不比我在20岁出头的时候拿到学士学位困难多少。我的大多数同学都在20多岁左右，但除了有一些不同的文化背景外，年龄差异不是问题。事实上，我现在有一个很好的朋友，对方比我小十岁，如果我们不在一起上学，就不会有这段缘分。
Amer Khwaja也是类似的情况，他发现此前担心的很多事情根本就没有发生。
我43岁回到学校，拿到了摄影学的学士学位。起初我还挺担心的：
❶ I thought the other students would be smarter than me, that wasn’t the case.
我以为其他学生都会比我聪明，但事实并非如此
❷ I thought the other students wouldn’t like me, that wasn’t the case, they didn’t like me anymore or less than normal. For the most part, people just do their own thing.
我以为其他学生不会喜欢我，但这也没发生。他们喜不喜欢我跟一般情况没什么两样。大多时候，大家都只顾着做自己的事情。
❸ I actually feel I had an advantage in classes in that the professors were mostly about my age so I could relate to them better than the other students.
其实我感觉我在班里还有点优势，因为教授们基本上都是我这个年纪的，我感觉我比年轻学生更容易和他们相处。
❹ I liked college a lot because of my real-world experience, it made me understand things so much better and I was far more motivated to learn than some of the other students who were straight out of high school.
因为我有现实世界的经验，所以我挺喜欢读大学的。这些经验让我理解起知识来更快，而且我学起来也比其他同学有动力得多，他们才刚刚高中毕业。
Gill Bullen则表示，她的老公作为拥有过两段职业生涯的退伍军人，回到大学里学计算机是一件又实用又开心的事情。
我丈夫15岁就从中学加入了皇家海军；10年后他离开军队（当时是一名初级军官），有人建议他去上个大学，但他拒绝了；他觉得25岁年纪太大了。
十五年后，也是第二段职业生涯（工业采购）之后，他突然决定要上大学。他在学校里度过了一段美好的时光，整个人突然年轻了10岁，还获得了一个非常好的学位（计算机专业）。接着，他便开始了第三段愉快的职业生涯：做自由职业程序员和系统分析师。
曾经为很多大学生做过职业规划的Jann Hoke发现，很多“非传统学生”通常都是成绩拔尖的。
几乎无一例外，最好最积极的学生是非传统学生。（“非传统学生”意思是不符合18-22岁这个通常区间的大学生。）
根据我的经验，非传统的学生更有可能准时上课并做好充足准备。鉴于他们的生活经历，他们的文章通常要有趣得多。他们会提出各种好问题，也明白他们是付钱给我来教他们的（通过学费）。他们希望自己的钱花的值，并愿意与我合作以确保他们有所收获。
网友Traye White用三段排比鼓励了一把所有想要通过教育继续追梦的中年人。
人们总是会跟你说你太老了，说你会失去多少收入，还会提到机会成本。但你已经在问这个问题了。在你40多岁的时候，你在想回到学校，让自己变得更好，你已经想回去了。那就去吧。
你不能用金钱来衡量你的成就感和自我价值。继续教育也许会带来更好的工作，也许不会。但你想要大学学位，那就去搞一个。只要你不是为了追逐一些愚蠢的梦想而忽视你的家庭或者让自己破产，那就去做吧。
大多数人做着一眼望得到头的工作，赚着微薄的薪水，几乎没有时间享受自己的生活。如果教育能给你带来一丝快乐和满足感，在枯燥的生活中闪耀出一丝光芒，那就值得，去做吧。
当然，接受教育并不是一剂万灵药。
有些年轻人或许在父母唠叨的时候抱怨过他们为什么不能在自己的生活里去做些有意义的事情，比方说读书、研究摄影、接受教育等等。
但是事实是，工作过的人可以体会到，上完一天班回到家，最想做的不是接受教育，而是躺平吃瓜看剧。
antitrust /ˌæntiˈtrʌst / adj 反托拉斯的；反垄断的
terrific / təˈrɪfɪk / adj 极好的；绝妙的；了不起的
freelance /ˈfriːlæns/ adj 特约的；自由职业的
existence /ɪɡˈzɪstəns/ n （尤指艰难或无聊的）生活，生活方式
glimmer /'ɡlɪmə(r)/ n.微弱的闪光
学士学位 a bachelor's degree
硕士学位 a master's degree
编辑：陈月华
来源：Quora |
近期，欧洲多个国家新冠肺炎单日新增确诊病例达到解封以来的新高，且确诊患者呈年轻化趋势。在西班牙、德国、法国等欧洲国家的新增确诊病例中，许多都是年轻人。为了防止新冠肺炎确诊人数再次攀升，欧洲各国纷纷开始采取措施。
A woman wearing a protective mask walks in the Palais Royal as France reinforces mask-wearing as part of efforts to curb a resurgence of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) across the country, in Paris, France August 6, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
Europe is giving the world a glimpse at what happens when the coronavirus epidemic is brought under control and the economy reopens: the virus bounces back.
欧洲向世界展示了新冠疫情得到控制、经济重新开放后会发生什么：病毒会卷土重来。
Spain, France, Greece and Germany are among the countries that have seen worrying spikes in new Covid-19 cases in recent weeks, a consequence of going back to -- sort of -- normal after months of lockdowns.
近几周，西班牙、法国、希腊和德国等国的新冠肺炎病例激增，令人担忧。这是经过几个月的封锁后，生活在某种程度是恢复正常后的结果。
While the continent's first outbreak in the spring hit the elderly, spreading in care homes and hospitals, these new infection clusters seem to be tied to younger people, who are venturing out into bars, restaurants and other public places.
虽然欧洲大陆春季的第一波疫情袭击的是老年人，在养老院和医院传播，但目前新的感染群体似乎与年轻人有关，他们冒险外出到酒吧、餐馆和其他公共场所。
"There is a true resurgence in cases in several countries as a result of physical distancing measures being relaxed," the European Center for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) said in a statement on Monday.
欧洲疾病预防控制中心在周一（8月10日）的一份声明中表示：“由于放宽了物理隔离措施，一些国家的病例确实又出现了反弹。”
Spain is at the forefront of this new battle. Earlier this week, Spain overtook the UK as the country with the second highest number of confirmed cases in Europe after Russia. The Spanish Air Force has deployed a field hospital to the city of Zaragoza, capital of the Aragon region, which has seen a spike in Covid-19 infections over the past few weeks.
西班牙处于这场抗疫新战争的前沿。本周早些时候，西班牙超过英国，成为欧洲确诊病例第二多的国家，仅次于俄罗斯。西班牙空军已在阿拉贡自治区首府萨拉戈萨市部署了一家野战医院。过去几周，该市新冠肺炎病例激增。
Data from the country's Ministry of Health shows that the median age of people testing positive for the coronavirus in Spain has been dropping steadily in recent weeks, suggesting more young people are getting infected.
西班牙卫生部的数据显示，最近几周，西班牙新冠病毒检测呈阳性的人年龄中位数一直在稳步下降，这表明越来越多的年轻人感染了新冠病毒。
A toy bear at a restaurant in Paris, France, wears a sign stating: "Welcome. Please use the disinfectant and wear a mask." GAO JING/XINHUA
Other European countries are seeing the same trend.
其他欧洲国家也出现了同样的趋势。
According to ECDC, 40% of people who contracted the disease in Europe between January and May were age 60 or older. But in June and July, this age group accounted for just 17.3% of all cases. The largest proportion of new cases in the summer, 19.5%, were reported among people age 20 to 29, the ECDC said. The median age fell from 54 in January to May to 39 years in June to July.
根据欧洲疾病预防控制中心的数据，1月至5月，欧洲40%的感染者年龄在60岁以上。但在6月和7月，该年龄组仅占所有病例的17.3%。欧洲疾病预防控制中心称，今年夏天，新增病例中占比最高的是20至29岁的患者，为19.5%。患者平均年龄从1月到5月的54岁下降到6月到7月的39岁。
The French Health Minister Olivier Véran said the virus is now circulating among the country's young people. On Wednesday, France saw its biggest jump in daily new cases since the lockdown easing started, with 2,524 new cases in 24 hours, according to the ministry.
法国卫生部长奥利维尔·韦兰表示，新冠病毒目前正在法国年轻人中传播。法国卫生部表示，周三，法国出现了自放松封锁措施以来的单日新增病例最大增幅，24小时内新增病例2524例。
However, Véran said the impact on the health system isn't as bad as it was in the spring when France experienced similar infection rates.
不过，韦兰说，卫生系统受到的影响没有春天时那么严重，当时法国感染率与现在接近。
"The proportion of complicated cases is much lower," Véran told France 2 TV channel, adding that the age of those getting infected is one reason behind this. "Patients diagnosed with [Covid-19] now are younger, 20 to 40, and less vulnerable," he explained.
“复杂病例的比例要低得多，” 韦兰告诉法国第二电视频道，并补充说，感染者的年龄是造成这一现象的原因之一。他解释说：“现在被确诊为新冠肺炎的患者年龄更低，在20岁至40岁之间，抵抗力更强。”
Greece too is seeing new spikes in cases. It has registered the highest daily increase of Covid-19 cases since the pandemic began on Wednesday, with 262 new infections recorded by Greece's National Public Health Organization.
希腊的新增确诊病例也出现了新的高峰。根据希腊全国公共卫生机构的数据，周三，希腊新增确诊病例262例，是自疫情开始以来的单日最高峰。
Passengers dine aboard a cruise boat in Budapest, Hungary, on July 16. BERNADETT SZABO/REUTERS
According to a tweet from Vassilis Kikilias, Greece's health minister, the average age of those who have been infected in August has dropped to 36.
希腊卫生部长瓦西里斯·基基利亚发推文称，8月份感染者的平均年龄已降至36岁。
Compared to other European countries, Greece has managed to keep the virus under better control over recent months. It has reported 6,177 cases so far, a fraction of the numbers seen elsewhere. The low infection rates have allowed Greece to welcome tourists from the rest of Europe, marketing itself as a safe country. Now, in an attempt to stop further outbreaks, the Greek government is shutting that door a little.
与其他欧洲国家相比，希腊近几个月来更好地控制住了新冠病毒。到目前为止，希腊确诊病例为6177例，这个数字只是其他地方的一个零头。低感染率使得希腊能够欢迎来自欧洲其他国家的游客，并将自己宣传为安全国家。现在，为了阻止疫情进一步暴发，希腊政府将国门稍微关上了一点。
Starting earlier this week, visitors coming from Spain, Sweden, Belgium, the Czech Republic and the Netherlands need a negative test to enter the country. There's also a new midnight curfew for bars and restaurants in 16 areas in Greece.
从本周早些时候开始，来自西班牙、瑞典、比利时、捷克共和国和荷兰的游客需要持核酸阴性检测证明才能入境。希腊全国16个地区的酒吧和餐馆实行午夜宵禁。
Meanwhile, Germany's daily new infections numbers have soared back above 1,000, following several days of lower rates. The country's center for disease prevention, the Robert Koch Institute, reported 1,226 new infections Wednesday, the highest since May.
与此同时，德国的每日新增感染人数在连续几天下降后又飙升至1000人以上。德国疾病预防中心罗伯特·科赫研究所周三报告了1226例新增感染病例，创5月份以来新高。
As German schools start to reopen, the government is urging people to follow the rules of social distancing and wear masks. It has also started a massive campaign of free tests for anyone entering the country.
随着德国学校重新开学，政府敦促人们遵守社交距离规则，戴上口罩。德国还针对所有入境人士开展大规模免费检测。
Italy, the ground zero of Europe's spring outbreak, has so far managed to buck the trend. But faced with new outbreaks in other countries, Italy has put in place measures designed to stop the virus from being imported from abroad. Like much of the rest of Europe, Italy is still not allowing travelers from most of the world to enter the country freely.
意大利是欧洲春季疫情的发源地，目前该国已成功地扭转了疫情趋势。但面对其他国家暴发新疫情的态势，意大利已采取措施，旨在阻止病毒从国外传入。和欧洲其他大部分地区一样，意大利仍然不允许来自世界大多数国家的游客自由入境。
ground zero：归零地；原爆点
But starting Thursday, the restrictions will apply even to people coming from countries Italy has previously deemed to be safe. Travelers who have been to Croatia, Greece, Malta, and Spain in the past 14 days -- even if they just transited through -- can only enter Italy if they have tested negative to up to 72 hours before arrival.
但从周四开始，这些限制甚至将适用于来自意大利此前认为安全国家的人。过去14天内去过克罗地亚、希腊、马耳他和西班牙的游客，包括过境游客，需持有到达意大利前72小时内出具的核酸检测阴性证明，才能入境。
Further north, the UK last week introduced new quarantine requirements for people coming from Belgium following spikes in cases there. It also announced several local lockdowns in parts of northern England where new outbreaks have been identified.
再往北，由于比利时病例激增，英国上周对来自比利时的人实施了新的检疫要求。英国还宣布对英格兰北部发现新疫情的几个地区实行封锁。
英文来源：CNN
翻译&编辑：yaning
close dialog
窗体顶端
窗体底端 | A woman wearing a protective mask walks in the Palais Royal as France reinforces mask-wearing as part of efforts to curb a resurgence of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) across the country, in Paris, France August 6, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
Europe is giving the world a glimpse at what happens when the coronavirus epidemic is brought under control and the economy reopens: the virus bounces back.
Spain, France, Greece and Germany are among the countries that have seen worrying spikes in new Covid-19 cases in recent weeks, a consequence of going back to -- sort of -- normal after months of lockdowns.
While the continent's first outbreak in the spring hit the elderly, spreading in care homes and hospitals, these new infection clusters seem to be tied to younger people, who are venturing out into bars, restaurants and other public places.
"There is a true resurgence in cases in several countries as a result of physical distancing measures being relaxed," the European Center for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) said in a statement on Monday.
Spain is at the forefront of this new battle. Earlier this week, Spain overtook the UK as the country with the second highest number of confirmed cases in Europe after Russia. The Spanish Air Force has deployed a field hospital to the city of Zaragoza, capital of the Aragon region, which has seen a spike in Covid-19 infections over the past few weeks.
Data from the country's Ministry of Health shows that the median age of people testing positive for the coronavirus in Spain has been dropping steadily in recent weeks, suggesting more young people are getting infected.
A toy bear at a restaurant in Paris, France, wears a sign stating: "Welcome. Please use the disinfectant and wear a mask." GAO JING/XINHUA
Other European countries are seeing the same trend.
According to ECDC, 40% of people who contracted the disease in Europe between January and May were age 60 or older. But in June and July, this age group accounted for just 17.3% of all cases. The largest proportion of new cases in the summer, 19.5%, were reported among people age 20 to 29, the ECDC said. The median age fell from 54 in January to May to 39 years in June to July.
Greece too is seeing new spikes in cases. It has registered the highest daily increase of Covid-19 cases since the pandemic began on Wednesday, with 262 new infections recorded by Greece's National Public Health Organization.
Passengers dine aboard a cruise boat in Budapest, Hungary, on July 16. BERNADETT SZABO/REUTERS
According to a tweet from Vassilis Kikilias, Greece's health minister, the average age of those who have been infected in August has dropped to 36.
Compared to other European countries, Greece has managed to keep the virus under better control over recent months. It has reported 6,177 cases so far, a fraction of the numbers seen elsewhere. The low infection rates have allowed Greece to welcome tourists from the rest of Europe, marketing itself as a safe country. Now, in an attempt to stop further outbreaks, the Greek government is shutting that door a little.
Starting earlier this week, visitors coming from Spain, Sweden, Belgium, the Czech Republic and the Netherlands need a negative test to enter the country. There's also a new midnight curfew for bars and restaurants in 16 areas in Greece.
Meanwhile, Germany's daily new infections numbers have soared back above 1,000, following several days of lower rates. The country's center for disease prevention, the Robert Koch Institute, reported 1,226 new infections Wednesday, the highest since May.
As German schools start to reopen, the government is urging people to follow the rules of social distancing and wear masks. It has also started a massive campaign of free tests for anyone entering the country.
Italy, the ground zero of Europe's spring outbreak, has so far managed to buck the trend. But faced with new outbreaks in other countries, Italy has put in place measures designed to stop the virus from being imported from abroad. Like much of the rest of Europe, Italy is still not allowing travelers from most of the world to enter the country freely.
But starting Thursday, the restrictions will apply even to people coming from countries Italy has previously deemed to be safe. Travelers who have been to Croatia, Greece, Malta, and Spain in the past 14 days -- even if they just transited through -- can only enter Italy if they have tested negative to up to 72 hours before arrival.
Further north, the UK last week introduced new quarantine requirements for people coming from Belgium following spikes in cases there. It also announced several local lockdowns in parts of northern England where new outbreaks have been identified.
close dialog | 近期，欧洲多个国家新冠肺炎单日新增确诊病例达到解封以来的新高，且确诊患者呈年轻化趋势。在西班牙、德国、法国等欧洲国家的新增确诊病例中，许多都是年轻人。为了防止新冠肺炎确诊人数再次攀升，欧洲各国纷纷开始采取措施。
欧洲向世界展示了新冠疫情得到控制、经济重新开放后会发生什么：病毒会卷土重来。
近几周，西班牙、法国、希腊和德国等国的新冠肺炎病例激增，令人担忧。这是经过几个月的封锁后，生活在某种程度是恢复正常后的结果。
虽然欧洲大陆春季的第一波疫情袭击的是老年人，在养老院和医院传播，但目前新的感染群体似乎与年轻人有关，他们冒险外出到酒吧、餐馆和其他公共场所。
欧洲疾病预防控制中心在周一（8月10日）的一份声明中表示：“由于放宽了物理隔离措施，一些国家的病例确实又出现了反弹。”
西班牙处于这场抗疫新战争的前沿。本周早些时候，西班牙超过英国，成为欧洲确诊病例第二多的国家，仅次于俄罗斯。西班牙空军已在阿拉贡自治区首府萨拉戈萨市部署了一家野战医院。过去几周，该市新冠肺炎病例激增。
西班牙卫生部的数据显示，最近几周，西班牙新冠病毒检测呈阳性的人年龄中位数一直在稳步下降，这表明越来越多的年轻人感染了新冠病毒。
其他欧洲国家也出现了同样的趋势。
根据欧洲疾病预防控制中心的数据，1月至5月，欧洲40%的感染者年龄在60岁以上。但在6月和7月，该年龄组仅占所有病例的17.3%。欧洲疾病预防控制中心称，今年夏天，新增病例中占比最高的是20至29岁的患者，为19.5%。患者平均年龄从1月到5月的54岁下降到6月到7月的39岁。
The French Health Minister Olivier Véran said the virus is now circulating among the country's young people. On Wednesday, France saw its biggest jump in daily new cases since the lockdown easing started, with 2,524 new cases in 24 hours, according to the ministry.
法国卫生部长奥利维尔·韦兰表示，新冠病毒目前正在法国年轻人中传播。法国卫生部表示，周三，法国出现了自放松封锁措施以来的单日新增病例最大增幅，24小时内新增病例2524例。
However, Véran said the impact on the health system isn't as bad as it was in the spring when France experienced similar infection rates.
不过，韦兰说，卫生系统受到的影响没有春天时那么严重，当时法国感染率与现在接近。
"The proportion of complicated cases is much lower," Véran told France 2 TV channel, adding that the age of those getting infected is one reason behind this. "Patients diagnosed with [Covid-19] now are younger, 20 to 40, and less vulnerable," he explained.
“复杂病例的比例要低得多，” 韦兰告诉法国第二电视频道，并补充说，感染者的年龄是造成这一现象的原因之一。他解释说：“现在被确诊为新冠肺炎的患者年龄更低，在20岁至40岁之间，抵抗力更强。”
希腊的新增确诊病例也出现了新的高峰。根据希腊全国公共卫生机构的数据，周三，希腊新增确诊病例262例，是自疫情开始以来的单日最高峰。
希腊卫生部长瓦西里斯·基基利亚发推文称，8月份感染者的平均年龄已降至36岁。
与其他欧洲国家相比，希腊近几个月来更好地控制住了新冠病毒。到目前为止，希腊确诊病例为6177例，这个数字只是其他地方的一个零头。低感染率使得希腊能够欢迎来自欧洲其他国家的游客，并将自己宣传为安全国家。现在，为了阻止疫情进一步暴发，希腊政府将国门稍微关上了一点。
从本周早些时候开始，来自西班牙、瑞典、比利时、捷克共和国和荷兰的游客需要持核酸阴性检测证明才能入境。希腊全国16个地区的酒吧和餐馆实行午夜宵禁。
与此同时，德国的每日新增感染人数在连续几天下降后又飙升至1000人以上。德国疾病预防中心罗伯特·科赫研究所周三报告了1226例新增感染病例，创5月份以来新高。
随着德国学校重新开学，政府敦促人们遵守社交距离规则，戴上口罩。德国还针对所有入境人士开展大规模免费检测。
意大利是欧洲春季疫情的发源地，目前该国已成功地扭转了疫情趋势。但面对其他国家暴发新疫情的态势，意大利已采取措施，旨在阻止病毒从国外传入。和欧洲其他大部分地区一样，意大利仍然不允许来自世界大多数国家的游客自由入境。
ground zero：归零地；原爆点
但从周四开始，这些限制甚至将适用于来自意大利此前认为安全国家的人。过去14天内去过克罗地亚、希腊、马耳他和西班牙的游客，包括过境游客，需持有到达意大利前72小时内出具的核酸检测阴性证明，才能入境。
再往北，由于比利时病例激增，英国上周对来自比利时的人实施了新的检疫要求。英国还宣布对英格兰北部发现新疫情的几个地区实行封锁。
英文来源：CNN
翻译&编辑：yaning
窗体顶端
窗体底端 |
你有没有想过自己的手机有一天会变成地震仪？安卓手机用户不必安装任何APP，就能在地震来临时收到警报。目前这一地震警报系统只覆盖了美国加州，但谷歌表示这一系统有望给全球发出地震警报。
图片来源：Unsplash
Android phones will be used to sense earthquakes around the world and may one day be able to provide global warnings, with the first mass alert system unveiled Tuesday in California, Google announced.
谷歌宣布，安卓手机将能用来感知世界各地的地震，也许有一天还能给全球发出地震警报，首个大众警报系统于8月11日在美国加州上线。
Google, which helped develop Android, worked with California and the US Geological Survey to build the quake alerts into all phones that run the commonplace mobile operating system. Android users who have enabled location services and are near a quake of magnitude 4.5 or greater will receive a full-screen earthquake warning telling them to drop to the floor and seek cover.
安卓手机的研发公司谷歌与加州和美国地质调查所合作，在所有运行安卓操作系统的手机中植入了地震警报系统。开通了定位功能的安卓用户在4.5级以上地震来临时将收到全屏显示的地震警报，告知他们伏在地上，寻找掩护。
The screen also will provide estimates of the quake’s magnitude and distance from the user. Depending on their distance from a quake, people could get several seconds or perhaps a minute of warning.
手机屏幕还会显示预估的震级以及地震发生地与用户的距离。根据与震中的距离远近，人们可以收到数秒或一分钟的警报。
Users won’t need to download California’s MyShake app in order to receive the alerts. That application, developed by the University of California, Berkeley and launched last year, has been downloaded by only about 1 million of California’s 40 million residents. By contrast, many millions of people own Android phones.
用户无需下载加州的MyShake应用就能收到警报。加州大学伯克利分校研发并于去年推出的这款应用只有大约100万加州居民下载过，而加州人口共有4000万。相比之下，拥有安卓手机的人达数百万。
"This announcement means that California’s world-class earthquake early warning system will be a standard function on every Android phone — giving millions precious seconds to drop, cover and hold on when the big one hits,” Gov. Gavin Newsom said in a statement.
加州州长加文·纽森在一份声明中称：“这一公告意味着加州的世界级地震预警系统将是每个安卓手机的一个标准功能——给数百万人争取宝贵的时间在地震来袭时伏地、找遮挡，并坚持到底。”
IPhone users won’t receive the alerts through Apple’s operating system, but they can download the MyShake app.
苹果手机用户不会通过苹果操作系统收到警报，但他们可以下载MyShake应用程序。
Also Tuesday, Google announced that Android phones will begin detecting earthquakes from around the world through their motion-sensing accelerometers.
谷歌当日还宣布，安卓手机将开始通过动作感应加速器来感应世界各地的地震。
"Your Android phone can be a mini-seismometer, joining millions of other Android phones out there to form the world’s largest earthquake detection network,” according to a Google blog post.
谷歌的一条博文中写道：“你的安卓手机可以作为一个小型地震仪，和其他数百万安卓手机连在一起形成全世界最大的地震监测网络。”
More than 2 billion devices run the Android operating system.
超20亿手机用户使用安卓操作系统。
Hundreds of millions of people live in earthquake-prone areas. But many countries lack the resources to build detection and alert systems, Google said.
谷歌称，数以亿计的人生活在地震多发地区，但许多国家没有足够的资源来建立监测和警报系统。
The information will be used at first to provide fast and accurate information on Google Search. But Google said it could begin sending out earthquake alerts next year.
这些信息将首先被用来在谷歌搜索中提供快速准确的信息，但谷歌表示明年可能开始发送地震警报。
英文来源：美国全国广播公司新闻网
翻译&编辑：丹妮 | Android phones will be used to sense earthquakes around the world and may one day be able to provide global warnings, with the first mass alert system unveiled Tuesday in California, Google announced.
Google, which helped develop Android, worked with California and the US Geological Survey to build the quake alerts into all phones that run the commonplace mobile operating system. Android users who have enabled location services and are near a quake of magnitude 4.5 or greater will receive a full-screen earthquake warning telling them to drop to the floor and seek cover.
The screen also will provide estimates of the quake’s magnitude and distance from the user. Depending on their distance from a quake, people could get several seconds or perhaps a minute of warning.
Users won’t need to download California’s MyShake app in order to receive the alerts. That application, developed by the University of California, Berkeley and launched last year, has been downloaded by only about 1 million of California’s 40 million residents. By contrast, many millions of people own Android phones.
"This announcement means that California’s world-class earthquake early warning system will be a standard function on every Android phone — giving millions precious seconds to drop, cover and hold on when the big one hits,” Gov. Gavin Newsom said in a statement.
IPhone users won’t receive the alerts through Apple’s operating system, but they can download the MyShake app.
Also Tuesday, Google announced that Android phones will begin detecting earthquakes from around the world through their motion-sensing accelerometers.
"Your Android phone can be a mini-seismometer, joining millions of other Android phones out there to form the world’s largest earthquake detection network,” according to a Google blog post.
More than 2 billion devices run the Android operating system.
Hundreds of millions of people live in earthquake-prone areas. But many countries lack the resources to build detection and alert systems, Google said.
The information will be used at first to provide fast and accurate information on Google Search. But Google said it could begin sending out earthquake alerts next year. | 你有没有想过自己的手机有一天会变成地震仪？安卓手机用户不必安装任何APP，就能在地震来临时收到警报。目前这一地震警报系统只覆盖了美国加州，但谷歌表示这一系统有望给全球发出地震警报。
图片来源：Unsplash
谷歌宣布，安卓手机将能用来感知世界各地的地震，也许有一天还能给全球发出地震警报，首个大众警报系统于8月11日在美国加州上线。
安卓手机的研发公司谷歌与加州和美国地质调查所合作，在所有运行安卓操作系统的手机中植入了地震警报系统。开通了定位功能的安卓用户在4.5级以上地震来临时将收到全屏显示的地震警报，告知他们伏在地上，寻找掩护。
手机屏幕还会显示预估的震级以及地震发生地与用户的距离。根据与震中的距离远近，人们可以收到数秒或一分钟的警报。
用户无需下载加州的MyShake应用就能收到警报。加州大学伯克利分校研发并于去年推出的这款应用只有大约100万加州居民下载过，而加州人口共有4000万。相比之下，拥有安卓手机的人达数百万。
加州州长加文·纽森在一份声明中称：“这一公告意味着加州的世界级地震预警系统将是每个安卓手机的一个标准功能——给数百万人争取宝贵的时间在地震来袭时伏地、找遮挡，并坚持到底。”
苹果手机用户不会通过苹果操作系统收到警报，但他们可以下载MyShake应用程序。
谷歌当日还宣布，安卓手机将开始通过动作感应加速器来感应世界各地的地震。
谷歌的一条博文中写道：“你的安卓手机可以作为一个小型地震仪，和其他数百万安卓手机连在一起形成全世界最大的地震监测网络。”
超20亿手机用户使用安卓操作系统。
谷歌称，数以亿计的人生活在地震多发地区，但许多国家没有足够的资源来建立监测和警报系统。
这些信息将首先被用来在谷歌搜索中提供快速准确的信息，但谷歌表示明年可能开始发送地震警报。
英文来源：美国全国广播公司新闻网
翻译&编辑：丹妮 |
除了肆虐全球的新冠病毒，与病毒错误信息相关的“信息疫情”同样不容忽视。最新研究发现，今年前三个月，全球至少有800人因为这些错误信息而死亡。
A healthcare worker hands a test kit to a motorist at a drive-in coronavirus (COVID-19) testing center at M.T.O. Shahmaghsoudi School of Islamic Sufism on August 11, 2020 in Los Angeles, California. [Photo/Agencies]
At least 800 people died around the world because of coronavirus-related misinformation in the first three months of this year, researchers say.
研究人员称，今年前三个月，全球至少有800人因与新冠病毒相关的错误信息而死亡。
A study published in the
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
says about 5,800 people were admitted to hospital as a result of false information on social media.
发表在《美国热带医学与卫生杂志》上的一项研究称，约5800人因社交媒体上的虚假信息而入院。
Many died from drinking methanol or alcohol-based cleaning products.
许多人因饮用甲醇或含酒精的清洁产品死亡。
They wrongly believed the products to be a cure for the virus.
他们错误地认为这些产品可以治愈新冠肺炎。
The World Health Organization (WHO) has previously said that the "infodemic" surrounding Covid-19 spread just as quickly as the virus itself, with conspiracy theories, rumours and cultural stigma all contributing to deaths and injuries.
世界卫生组织此前曾表示，围绕新冠病毒的“信息疫情”与病毒本身传播速度一样快，阴谋论、谣言和污名化都导致了死亡和伤害。
stigma [ˈstɪɡmə]：n.耻辱；污名
A man wearing a face mask walks down a street in Rome, Italy, August 4, 2020. [Photo/Xinhua]
虚假信息使人丧命
Many of the victims had followed advice resembling credible medical information - such as eating large amounts of garlic or ingesting large quantities of vitamins - as a way of preventing infection, the study's authors say. Others drank substances such as cow urine.
该研究的作者说，许多受害者遵循了类似可靠医疗信息的建议来预防感染：比如吃大量大蒜或摄入大量维生素。另一些人则饮用牛尿或摄入其他物质。
These actions all had "potentially serious implications" on their health, the researchers say.
研究人员说，这些行为都对他们的健康有“潜在的严重影响”。
The paper concludes that it is the responsibility of international agencies, governments and social media platforms to fight back against this "infodemic", but tech companies have been criticised for their slow and patchy response. In the UK, laws to regulate online harm might be several years away.
这篇论文得出结论称，国际机构、政府和社交媒体平台有责任反击这种“信息疫情”，但科技公司一直因反应迟缓和不尽如人意而受到批评。在英国，监管网络伤害的法律可能还需要几年的时间才能确立。
patchy [ˈpætʃi]：adj.不很可靠的，不很令人满意的
The BBC's own investigations found links to assaults, arson and deaths as a result of misinformation about the virus, and spoke to doctors, experts and victims about their experiences.
英国广播公司开展的调查发现，新冠病毒的错误信息会导致袭击、纵火和死亡。医生、专家和受害者还向英国广播公司讲述了他们的经历。
Online rumours led to mob attacks in India and mass poisonings in Iran. Telecommunications engineers have been threatened and attacked and phone masts have been set alight in the UK and other countries because of conspiracy theories that have been incubated and amplified online.
网络谣言导致了印度的暴徒袭击和伊朗的大规模中毒事件。在英国和其他一些国家，由于阴谋论在网上酝酿和扩散，电信工程师受到威胁和攻击，通信基站被点燃。
Social media also helps scammers to take advantage of the pandemic, selling ineffective badges that claim to ward off the virus, and urging followers to part with money in exchange for a "mineral miracle supplement", which is - in reality - diluted bleach.
社交媒体还帮助骗子利用疫情，销售声称可以抵御病毒的无效徽章，并敦促粉丝购买“矿物质奇迹补充剂”，实际上，这是稀释的漂白剂。
Shoppers walk past social distancing signs at the Covent Garden shopping and dining district, amid the spread of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), in London, Britain, Aug 2, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
新冠病毒疫苗面临阴谋论威胁
As vaccines emerge, there is the further threat that anti-vaccine campaigners will use the platform provided by social media to persuade people not to protect themselves.
随着疫苗的出现，反疫苗活动人士将利用社交媒体平台来说服人们不要注射，这是进一步的威胁。
Despite social media companies removing or labelling misleading information about vaccines, recent polling in the United States showed that 28% of Americans believe that Bill Gates wants to use vaccines to implant microchips in people.
尽管社交媒体公司删除或标注了有关疫苗的误导性信息，但美国最近的民意调查显示，28%的美国人相信比尔•盖茨希望用疫苗将微芯片植入人体。
The achievement of an effective coronavirus vaccine could be completely undermined by misinformation, doctors told the BBC's anti-disinformation team.
医生们告诉英国广播公司的反虚假信息小组，一种有效的新冠病毒疫苗的研制成果可能会被虚假信息完全破坏。
英文来源：BBC
翻译&编辑：yaning | A healthcare worker hands a test kit to a motorist at a drive-in coronavirus (COVID-19) testing center at M.T.O. Shahmaghsoudi School of Islamic Sufism on August 11, 2020 in Los Angeles, California. [Photo/Agencies]
At least 800 people died around the world because of coronavirus-related misinformation in the first three months of this year, researchers say.
A study published in the
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
says about 5,800 people were admitted to hospital as a result of false information on social media.
Many died from drinking methanol or alcohol-based cleaning products.
They wrongly believed the products to be a cure for the virus.
The World Health Organization (WHO) has previously said that the "infodemic" surrounding Covid-19 spread just as quickly as the virus itself, with conspiracy theories, rumours and cultural stigma all contributing to deaths and injuries.
A man wearing a face mask walks down a street in Rome, Italy, August 4, 2020. [Photo/Xinhua]
Many of the victims had followed advice resembling credible medical information - such as eating large amounts of garlic or ingesting large quantities of vitamins - as a way of preventing infection, the study's authors say. Others drank substances such as cow urine.
These actions all had "potentially serious implications" on their health, the researchers say.
The paper concludes that it is the responsibility of international agencies, governments and social media platforms to fight back against this "infodemic", but tech companies have been criticised for their slow and patchy response. In the UK, laws to regulate online harm might be several years away.
The BBC's own investigations found links to assaults, arson and deaths as a result of misinformation about the virus, and spoke to doctors, experts and victims about their experiences.
Online rumours led to mob attacks in India and mass poisonings in Iran. Telecommunications engineers have been threatened and attacked and phone masts have been set alight in the UK and other countries because of conspiracy theories that have been incubated and amplified online.
Social media also helps scammers to take advantage of the pandemic, selling ineffective badges that claim to ward off the virus, and urging followers to part with money in exchange for a "mineral miracle supplement", which is - in reality - diluted bleach.
Shoppers walk past social distancing signs at the Covent Garden shopping and dining district, amid the spread of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), in London, Britain, Aug 2, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
As vaccines emerge, there is the further threat that anti-vaccine campaigners will use the platform provided by social media to persuade people not to protect themselves.
Despite social media companies removing or labelling misleading information about vaccines, recent polling in the United States showed that 28% of Americans believe that Bill Gates wants to use vaccines to implant microchips in people.
The achievement of an effective coronavirus vaccine could be completely undermined by misinformation, doctors told the BBC's anti-disinformation team. | 除了肆虐全球的新冠病毒，与病毒错误信息相关的“信息疫情”同样不容忽视。最新研究发现，今年前三个月，全球至少有800人因为这些错误信息而死亡。
研究人员称，今年前三个月，全球至少有800人因与新冠病毒相关的错误信息而死亡。
发表在《美国热带医学与卫生杂志》上的一项研究称，约5800人因社交媒体上的虚假信息而入院。
许多人因饮用甲醇或含酒精的清洁产品死亡。
他们错误地认为这些产品可以治愈新冠肺炎。
世界卫生组织此前曾表示，围绕新冠病毒的“信息疫情”与病毒本身传播速度一样快，阴谋论、谣言和污名化都导致了死亡和伤害。
stigma [ˈstɪɡmə]：n.耻辱；污名
虚假信息使人丧命
该研究的作者说，许多受害者遵循了类似可靠医疗信息的建议来预防感染：比如吃大量大蒜或摄入大量维生素。另一些人则饮用牛尿或摄入其他物质。
研究人员说，这些行为都对他们的健康有“潜在的严重影响”。
这篇论文得出结论称，国际机构、政府和社交媒体平台有责任反击这种“信息疫情”，但科技公司一直因反应迟缓和不尽如人意而受到批评。在英国，监管网络伤害的法律可能还需要几年的时间才能确立。
patchy [ˈpætʃi]：adj.不很可靠的，不很令人满意的
英国广播公司开展的调查发现，新冠病毒的错误信息会导致袭击、纵火和死亡。医生、专家和受害者还向英国广播公司讲述了他们的经历。
网络谣言导致了印度的暴徒袭击和伊朗的大规模中毒事件。在英国和其他一些国家，由于阴谋论在网上酝酿和扩散，电信工程师受到威胁和攻击，通信基站被点燃。
社交媒体还帮助骗子利用疫情，销售声称可以抵御病毒的无效徽章，并敦促粉丝购买“矿物质奇迹补充剂”，实际上，这是稀释的漂白剂。
新冠病毒疫苗面临阴谋论威胁
随着疫苗的出现，反疫苗活动人士将利用社交媒体平台来说服人们不要注射，这是进一步的威胁。
尽管社交媒体公司删除或标注了有关疫苗的误导性信息，但美国最近的民意调查显示，28%的美国人相信比尔•盖茨希望用疫苗将微芯片植入人体。
医生们告诉英国广播公司的反虚假信息小组，一种有效的新冠病毒疫苗的研制成果可能会被虚假信息完全破坏。
英文来源：BBC
翻译&编辑：yaning |
《南华早报》最近的一篇报道称，中国的“小姐姐”们正迅速成为消费的推动力。随着社会观念的转变，“小姐姐”们有了更多的金钱和信心消费。无论是食品、电视节目、化妆品，还是奢侈品、医疗美容、以及互联网，“小姐姐”们带动了各行业的繁荣发展。
Girls wearing ancient costumes parade in Yuyuan Garden, East China's Shanghai, July 3, 2020. [Photo/Xinhua]
An army of young women dubbed the “little sisters” is fast becoming a driving force of spending in China, boosting the fortunes of companies selling everything from beer and liquor to streaming TV shows and cosmetics.
一支被戏称为“小姐姐”的年轻女性力量正迅速成为中国消费的推动力，为啤酒、白酒、流媒体电视节目和化妆品等各行业企业带来大量收入。
They are well-educated, and are delaying or just skipping marriage and motherhood, giving them more money and the confidence to spend. Meanwhile these “little sisters” see themselves reflected in popular TV shows – like the summer hit
Sisters Who Make Waves
– that encourage them to kick back and splurge on themselves.
她们受过良好的教育，推迟或放弃结婚和生儿育女，这让她们有了更多的金钱和信心消费。与此同时，这些“小姐姐”在受欢迎的电视节目中看到了自己的影子，例如今年夏季热播的综艺节目《乘风破浪的姐姐》，这些节目鼓励她们放松对自己的限制并大方地把钱花在自己身上。
As such, “little sisters” are an increasingly important segment of China’s female consumers, who among all age groups account for three out of four purchases in the world’s most populated country, according to a report by Frost and Sullivan.
因此，美国弗罗斯特-沙利文公司发布的一份报告显示，“小姐姐”正成为中国女性消费者中日益重要的一个组成部分，在这个全球人口最多的国家，纵观所有年龄段，女性消费者的消费额占全国总消费额的四分之三。
“The rising power of well-educated city women in their 20s to 40s is now a hit genre in Chinese mainland TV series and entertainment shows,” said Wendy Liu, a Hong Kong-based strategist at UBS Group and author of a new note on what she calls the “little sisters” economy.
瑞银集团驻香港策略师刘鸣镝日前发布报告描述所谓的“小姐姐”经济。她说：“20多岁至40多岁的高学历城市女性近期成为中国大陆电视剧和综艺节目的热门题材。”
“Collectively, their rising disposable income and aspirations for the ‘good life’ have had a strong impact on demand for cosmetics, duty-free, health care, and mobile games/internet content. More importantly, the ‘little sister’ economy may impact spending by families and children across the spectrum” of e-commerce and entertainment etc,” she said.
她说：“总体而言，她们不断增长的可支配收入和对‘美好生活’的渴望，对化妆品、免税商品、医疗（美容）、手游和互联网内容影响重大。更为重要的是，‘小姐姐’经济可能会影响家庭和儿童消费，涉及电商和娱乐等领域的方方面面。”
These “little sisters” will lead to booms in sectors spanning from make-up and athleisure to food, beverages and home appliances, according to UBS and HSBC Holdings.
瑞银集团和汇丰银行控股公司称，这些“小姐姐”将带动化妆品、运动休闲产品以及食品、饮料和家电的各行业繁荣发展。
“Women are also increasingly working, having a greater say in household spending decisions, and spending more on themselves,” said Herald van der Linde, head of equity strategy at HSBC in Hong Kong. “Clearly women are becoming very relevant and important consumers.”
汇丰银行驻香港的股票策略主管赫勒尔德·范德林德说：“越来越多的女性有工作，在家庭开支决策方面拥有更大的发言权，并把更多的钱花在自己身上。显然，女性正成为非常重要的消费者。”
High-end hotels become top choice for tourists this summer in Hainan. [Photo by Ma Zhiping/ China Daily]
Their power is believed to be at least part of the reason behind share surges in such companies as Proya Cosmetics, which has jumped 110 percent this year, and China Tourism Group Duty Free, the nation’s biggest operator of the duty-free shops, which has surged 148 percent.
据称，女性消费者的力量至少是珀莱雅化妆品股份有限公司等企业股价飙升的部分原因，珀莱雅的股价自今年初以来上涨110%，而中国最大的免税店运营商中国旅游集团中免股份有限公司的股价也上涨了148%。
And their power is not simply in the traditionally women-dominated niche sectors, like cosmetics.
而且，她们的力量不仅体现在化妆品等传统上由女性主导的小众领域。
Women already account for 60 percent of China’s 4.6 trillion yuan catering market, according to Industrial Securities, while beer consumption by women increased a whopping 27 percent in July from a year earlier, data by Wanlian Securities showed.
万联证券的数据显示，在中国规模达4.6万亿元人民币的餐饮市场中，女性占据的份额达60%，而女性的啤酒消费量7月同比猛增27%。
They are even taking a liking to baijiu, the potent Chinese liquor that has long been the domain of male consumers. Women bought a third of Kweichow Moutai’s high-end flagship liquors that were sold on Tmall, the e-commerce platform by Alibaba Group, on the midyear promotional day in June. That was an increase of 12 percent from a year earlier.
她们甚至开始喜欢白酒，白酒长期以来一直是男性消费者主导的消费领域。在阿里巴巴集团旗下电商平台天猫6月的年中促销日，女性消费者的购买量在贵州茅台高端旗舰产品中占比高达三成，同比上涨12%。
Changing behaviours are leading to women having higher incomes and decision power, according to HSBC. Chinese households have an average of 3.03 people, with the wealthy provinces at 2.78 and the developing areas at 3.10, HSBC data showed. Japan has the smallest households of 2.33 people on average in Asia.
汇丰银行称，行为方式改变正导致女性拥有更高的收入和更大的决策权。汇丰银行的数据显示，一户中国家庭平均有3.03个人，在富裕省份有2.78个人，在发展中地区有3.1个人。日本家庭的平均人数在亚洲是最少的，只有2.33个人。
“That means more income for each household, with fewer people in it, leaving consumers better off and able to ‘trade up’ on items, from beer to sports clothing,” said van der Linde at HSBC. “This is particularly the case in China, with the rise of ‘empty-nesters’– couples with adult children residing elsewhere – who have money to spend.”
范德林德说：“这意味着，每户家庭有更多的收入，家庭成员更少，有更多的钱可以消费，可以购买啤酒、运动服装等各类价格更昂贵的商品。随着手里有钱花的‘空巢老人’（子女成年后搬到别处居住）越来越多，中国的情况尤其如此。”
trade up：买更高价的东西
The recent move by the government to loosen control over duty-free franchise licenses will further spur female consumption, making luxury goods exempt from taxes and therefore cheaper, according to Orient Securities. Sales at the duty-free shop on Hainan island surged by almost 150 percent in May, it said.
东方证券称，政府最近放松了对免税牌照申请的管制，奢侈品得以免税，因而变得更便宜，此举将进一步刺激女性消费。东方证券称，海南免税店5月的销售额激增近150%。
“Women are playing multi roles in social life and they are also the leading consumers in pursuit of better brands, designs, experiences, services and even environmental protection,” said JD.com in a report. “Women are playing a more and more important role in consumption upgrade.”
京东集团在一份报告中说：“女性正在社会生活中扮演多重角色，她们也是追求更好的品牌、设计、体验、服务甚至环保的主要消费者。女性在消费升级过程中正发挥越来越重要的作用。”
来源：南华早报、参考消息网
编辑：yaning | Girls wearing ancient costumes parade in Yuyuan Garden, East China's Shanghai, July 3, 2020. [Photo/Xinhua]
An army of young women dubbed the “little sisters” is fast becoming a driving force of spending in China, boosting the fortunes of companies selling everything from beer and liquor to streaming TV shows and cosmetics.
They are well-educated, and are delaying or just skipping marriage and motherhood, giving them more money and the confidence to spend. Meanwhile these “little sisters” see themselves reflected in popular TV shows – like the summer hit
Sisters Who Make Waves
– that encourage them to kick back and splurge on themselves.
As such, “little sisters” are an increasingly important segment of China’s female consumers, who among all age groups account for three out of four purchases in the world’s most populated country, according to a report by Frost and Sullivan.
“The rising power of well-educated city women in their 20s to 40s is now a hit genre in Chinese mainland TV series and entertainment shows,” said Wendy Liu, a Hong Kong-based strategist at UBS Group and author of a new note on what she calls the “little sisters” economy.
“Collectively, their rising disposable income and aspirations for the ‘good life’ have had a strong impact on demand for cosmetics, duty-free, health care, and mobile games/internet content. More importantly, the ‘little sister’ economy may impact spending by families and children across the spectrum” of e-commerce and entertainment etc,” she said.
These “little sisters” will lead to booms in sectors spanning from make-up and athleisure to food, beverages and home appliances, according to UBS and HSBC Holdings.
“Women are also increasingly working, having a greater say in household spending decisions, and spending more on themselves,” said Herald van der Linde, head of equity strategy at HSBC in Hong Kong. “Clearly women are becoming very relevant and important consumers.”
High-end hotels become top choice for tourists this summer in Hainan. [Photo by Ma Zhiping/ China Daily]
Their power is believed to be at least part of the reason behind share surges in such companies as Proya Cosmetics, which has jumped 110 percent this year, and China Tourism Group Duty Free, the nation’s biggest operator of the duty-free shops, which has surged 148 percent.
And their power is not simply in the traditionally women-dominated niche sectors, like cosmetics.
Women already account for 60 percent of China’s 4.6 trillion yuan catering market, according to Industrial Securities, while beer consumption by women increased a whopping 27 percent in July from a year earlier, data by Wanlian Securities showed.
They are even taking a liking to baijiu, the potent Chinese liquor that has long been the domain of male consumers. Women bought a third of Kweichow Moutai’s high-end flagship liquors that were sold on Tmall, the e-commerce platform by Alibaba Group, on the midyear promotional day in June. That was an increase of 12 percent from a year earlier.
Changing behaviours are leading to women having higher incomes and decision power, according to HSBC. Chinese households have an average of 3.03 people, with the wealthy provinces at 2.78 and the developing areas at 3.10, HSBC data showed. Japan has the smallest households of 2.33 people on average in Asia.
“That means more income for each household, with fewer people in it, leaving consumers better off and able to ‘trade up’ on items, from beer to sports clothing,” said van der Linde at HSBC. “This is particularly the case in China, with the rise of ‘empty-nesters’– couples with adult children residing elsewhere – who have money to spend.”
The recent move by the government to loosen control over duty-free franchise licenses will further spur female consumption, making luxury goods exempt from taxes and therefore cheaper, according to Orient Securities. Sales at the duty-free shop on Hainan island surged by almost 150 percent in May, it said.
“Women are playing multi roles in social life and they are also the leading consumers in pursuit of better brands, designs, experiences, services and even environmental protection,” said JD.com in a report. “Women are playing a more and more important role in consumption upgrade.” | 《南华早报》最近的一篇报道称，中国的“小姐姐”们正迅速成为消费的推动力。随着社会观念的转变，“小姐姐”们有了更多的金钱和信心消费。无论是食品、电视节目、化妆品，还是奢侈品、医疗美容、以及互联网，“小姐姐”们带动了各行业的繁荣发展。
一支被戏称为“小姐姐”的年轻女性力量正迅速成为中国消费的推动力，为啤酒、白酒、流媒体电视节目和化妆品等各行业企业带来大量收入。
她们受过良好的教育，推迟或放弃结婚和生儿育女，这让她们有了更多的金钱和信心消费。与此同时，这些“小姐姐”在受欢迎的电视节目中看到了自己的影子，例如今年夏季热播的综艺节目《乘风破浪的姐姐》，这些节目鼓励她们放松对自己的限制并大方地把钱花在自己身上。
因此，美国弗罗斯特-沙利文公司发布的一份报告显示，“小姐姐”正成为中国女性消费者中日益重要的一个组成部分，在这个全球人口最多的国家，纵观所有年龄段，女性消费者的消费额占全国总消费额的四分之三。
瑞银集团驻香港策略师刘鸣镝日前发布报告描述所谓的“小姐姐”经济。她说：“20多岁至40多岁的高学历城市女性近期成为中国大陆电视剧和综艺节目的热门题材。”
她说：“总体而言，她们不断增长的可支配收入和对‘美好生活’的渴望，对化妆品、免税商品、医疗（美容）、手游和互联网内容影响重大。更为重要的是，‘小姐姐’经济可能会影响家庭和儿童消费，涉及电商和娱乐等领域的方方面面。”
瑞银集团和汇丰银行控股公司称，这些“小姐姐”将带动化妆品、运动休闲产品以及食品、饮料和家电的各行业繁荣发展。
汇丰银行驻香港的股票策略主管赫勒尔德·范德林德说：“越来越多的女性有工作，在家庭开支决策方面拥有更大的发言权，并把更多的钱花在自己身上。显然，女性正成为非常重要的消费者。”
据称，女性消费者的力量至少是珀莱雅化妆品股份有限公司等企业股价飙升的部分原因，珀莱雅的股价自今年初以来上涨110%，而中国最大的免税店运营商中国旅游集团中免股份有限公司的股价也上涨了148%。
而且，她们的力量不仅体现在化妆品等传统上由女性主导的小众领域。
万联证券的数据显示，在中国规模达4.6万亿元人民币的餐饮市场中，女性占据的份额达60%，而女性的啤酒消费量7月同比猛增27%。
她们甚至开始喜欢白酒，白酒长期以来一直是男性消费者主导的消费领域。在阿里巴巴集团旗下电商平台天猫6月的年中促销日，女性消费者的购买量在贵州茅台高端旗舰产品中占比高达三成，同比上涨12%。
汇丰银行称，行为方式改变正导致女性拥有更高的收入和更大的决策权。汇丰银行的数据显示，一户中国家庭平均有3.03个人，在富裕省份有2.78个人，在发展中地区有3.1个人。日本家庭的平均人数在亚洲是最少的，只有2.33个人。
范德林德说：“这意味着，每户家庭有更多的收入，家庭成员更少，有更多的钱可以消费，可以购买啤酒、运动服装等各类价格更昂贵的商品。随着手里有钱花的‘空巢老人’（子女成年后搬到别处居住）越来越多，中国的情况尤其如此。”
trade up：买更高价的东西
东方证券称，政府最近放松了对免税牌照申请的管制，奢侈品得以免税，因而变得更便宜，此举将进一步刺激女性消费。东方证券称，海南免税店5月的销售额激增近150%。
京东集团在一份报告中说：“女性正在社会生活中扮演多重角色，她们也是追求更好的品牌、设计、体验、服务甚至环保的主要消费者。女性在消费升级过程中正发挥越来越重要的作用。”
来源：南华早报、参考消息网
编辑：yaning |
俄罗斯总统普京8月11日宣称，俄罗斯已成功研制出安全的新冠疫苗，而且他的一个女儿已经接种了这款疫苗。尽管三期临床试验还未结束，不过俄罗斯已决定九月份大规模生产该疫苗，最早于十月份开始大规模接种。
2020年8月6日，在位于俄罗斯首都莫斯科的“加马列亚”流行病与微生物学国家研究中心，工作人员展示新冠疫苗。（图片来源：新华社）
Russia on Tuesday claimed to be the first country in the world to register a coronavirus vaccine, with President Vladimir Putin announcing it is safe for use and that one of his daughters has already been inoculated.
8月11日，俄罗斯宣称注册了全球首款新冠疫苗，俄罗斯总统普京宣布这款疫苗使用起来很安全，而且他的一个女儿已经接种了该疫苗。
The announcement comes as scientists in the US and abroad warned that administering the vaccine before Phase 3 trials — which normally last for months and involve thousands of people — could backfire.
美国和其他国家的科学家警告说，在进行三期临床试验前接种疫苗可能会产生反效果。三期临床试验通常持续数月，涵盖数千名试验对象。
Speaking at a government meeting Tuesday, Putin said the vaccine has undergone proper testing and is safe. He emphasized that vaccination will be voluntary.
普京在当日的一次政府会议上表示，疫苗已经经过充分测试，是安全的。他强调说，疫苗接种将是自愿的。
"I know it has proven efficient and forms a stable immunity, and I would like to repeat that it has passed all the necessary tests,” he said. “We must be grateful to those who made that first step very important for our country and the entire world."
“我知道疫苗已被证实有效，并能形成稳定抗体，我想重申的是，该疫苗已经通过了所有必要的测试。”他说，“我们要感激那些为了我们国家和整个世界迈出非常重要第一步的人。”
The Russian leader added that one of his two adult daughters has received two shots of the vaccine.
普京补充道，他的两个已经成年的女儿中，已经有一位接种了两剂疫苗。
"She has taken part in the experiment,” Putin said, adding that his daughter had a temperature of 38 degrees Celsius on the day of the first vaccine injection, and then it dropped to just over 37 degrees the following day.
普京说：“她参与了这个试验。”他补充道，他的女儿在接种第一天体温达到38度，第二天体温就降到了37度多一点。
After the second shot, she again had a slight increase in temperature before recovering, he claimed.
普京称，在接种了第二剂疫苗后，她的体温又稍微上升，后来又恢复正常。
"She's feeling well and has high number of antibodies,” Putin added. He didn't specify which of his two daughters — Maria or Katerina — received the vaccine.
普京补充道：“她现在感觉良好，体内有大量抗体。”他没有说明他的两个女儿玛利亚和卡捷琳娜中，是哪个女儿接种了疫苗。
2020年8月6日在俄罗斯首都莫斯科“加马列亚”流行病与微生物学国家研究中心拍摄的新冠疫苗。（图片来源：新华社）
Vaccination will begin while the Phase 3 trials continue, said Professor Alexander Gintsburg, head of the Gamaleya Institute that developed the vaccine.
研发该疫苗的加马列亚研究所的所长亚历山大·金茨伯格教授表示，在继续进行三期临床试验的同时将会开始疫苗接种。
Russian authorities have said medical workers, teachers and other risk groups will be the first to be inoculated.
俄罗斯政府部门表示，医护人员、教师和其他高风险群体将是首批接种疫苗的人群。
The Health Ministry said in Tuesday’s statement that the vaccine is expected to provide immunity from the coronavirus for up to two years.
俄卫生部在8月11日的声明中称，这款疫苗将提供多达两年的新冠病毒免疫力。
Russian officials have said that large-scale production of the vaccine will start in September, and mass vaccination may begin as early as October.
俄罗斯官员称，将从九月起开始大规模生产这款疫苗，最早将于十月份开始大规模接种。
Russia has registered 897,599 coronavirus cases, including 15,131 deaths.
俄罗斯登记的新冠肺炎确诊病例为89万7599例，其中死亡病例15131例。
英文来源：福克斯新闻网
翻译&编辑：丹妮 | Russia on Tuesday claimed to be the first country in the world to register a coronavirus vaccine, with President Vladimir Putin announcing it is safe for use and that one of his daughters has already been inoculated.
The announcement comes as scientists in the US and abroad warned that administering the vaccine before Phase 3 trials — which normally last for months and involve thousands of people — could backfire.
Speaking at a government meeting Tuesday, Putin said the vaccine has undergone proper testing and is safe. He emphasized that vaccination will be voluntary.
"I know it has proven efficient and forms a stable immunity, and I would like to repeat that it has passed all the necessary tests,” he said. “We must be grateful to those who made that first step very important for our country and the entire world."
The Russian leader added that one of his two adult daughters has received two shots of the vaccine.
"She has taken part in the experiment,” Putin said, adding that his daughter had a temperature of 38 degrees Celsius on the day of the first vaccine injection, and then it dropped to just over 37 degrees the following day.
After the second shot, she again had a slight increase in temperature before recovering, he claimed.
"She's feeling well and has high number of antibodies,” Putin added. He didn't specify which of his two daughters — Maria or Katerina — received the vaccine.
Vaccination will begin while the Phase 3 trials continue, said Professor Alexander Gintsburg, head of the Gamaleya Institute that developed the vaccine.
Russian authorities have said medical workers, teachers and other risk groups will be the first to be inoculated.
The Health Ministry said in Tuesday’s statement that the vaccine is expected to provide immunity from the coronavirus for up to two years.
Russian officials have said that large-scale production of the vaccine will start in September, and mass vaccination may begin as early as October.
Russia has registered 897,599 coronavirus cases, including 15,131 deaths. | 俄罗斯总统普京8月11日宣称，俄罗斯已成功研制出安全的新冠疫苗，而且他的一个女儿已经接种了这款疫苗。尽管三期临床试验还未结束，不过俄罗斯已决定九月份大规模生产该疫苗，最早于十月份开始大规模接种。
2020年8月6日，在位于俄罗斯首都莫斯科的“加马列亚”流行病与微生物学国家研究中心，工作人员展示新冠疫苗。（图片来源：新华社）
8月11日，俄罗斯宣称注册了全球首款新冠疫苗，俄罗斯总统普京宣布这款疫苗使用起来很安全，而且他的一个女儿已经接种了该疫苗。
美国和其他国家的科学家警告说，在进行三期临床试验前接种疫苗可能会产生反效果。三期临床试验通常持续数月，涵盖数千名试验对象。
普京在当日的一次政府会议上表示，疫苗已经经过充分测试，是安全的。他强调说，疫苗接种将是自愿的。
“我知道疫苗已被证实有效，并能形成稳定抗体，我想重申的是，该疫苗已经通过了所有必要的测试。”他说，“我们要感激那些为了我们国家和整个世界迈出非常重要第一步的人。”
普京补充道，他的两个已经成年的女儿中，已经有一位接种了两剂疫苗。
普京说：“她参与了这个试验。”他补充道，他的女儿在接种第一天体温达到38度，第二天体温就降到了37度多一点。
普京称，在接种了第二剂疫苗后，她的体温又稍微上升，后来又恢复正常。
普京补充道：“她现在感觉良好，体内有大量抗体。”他没有说明他的两个女儿玛利亚和卡捷琳娜中，是哪个女儿接种了疫苗。
2020年8月6日在俄罗斯首都莫斯科“加马列亚”流行病与微生物学国家研究中心拍摄的新冠疫苗。（图片来源：新华社）
研发该疫苗的加马列亚研究所的所长亚历山大·金茨伯格教授表示，在继续进行三期临床试验的同时将会开始疫苗接种。
俄罗斯政府部门表示，医护人员、教师和其他高风险群体将是首批接种疫苗的人群。
俄卫生部在8月11日的声明中称，这款疫苗将提供多达两年的新冠病毒免疫力。
俄罗斯官员称，将从九月起开始大规模生产这款疫苗，最早将于十月份开始大规模接种。
俄罗斯登记的新冠肺炎确诊病例为89万7599例，其中死亡病例15131例。
英文来源：福克斯新闻网
翻译&编辑：丹妮 |
新冠疫情对于人类是一场灾难，但也给无视环境的经济发展模式敲响了警钟。越来越多消费者开始关注供应链，商界领袖们也逐渐意识到可持续发展是唯一的选择。
Photo by Noah Buscher on Unsplash
The coronavirus pandemic has created significant new ways of doing business that could benefit both the economy and environment, according to business leaders, who said there was no other option but to shift toward sustainability.
商界领袖指出，新冠疫情创造了许多可以同时造福经济和环境的重要商业新模式，现在除了转向可持续发展之外别无选择。
In June, Brazilian cosmetics giant Natura launched its “Commitment to Life” vision for the next 10 years. The plan includes pledges to reduce its emissions to net zero, have 30% of its management made up of under-represented groups, and make all of its packaging reusable, recyclable or compostable. Unilever announced a $1 billion investment into a climate and nature fund and pledged net-zero emissions across all of its products by 2039.
六月份，巴西美妆巨头Natura发起了未来十年的“承诺一生”愿景。该计划包括承诺将排放量降为零，30%的管理层由弱势群体组成，以及实现所有包装可重复使用、可回收或可降解。联合利华宣布给一家气候与自然基金会投资10亿美元（约合人民币70亿元），并承诺在2039年前实现所有产品零排放。
"(This) is even more relevant because of the time we are in and the importance of really thinking about how we want to shape the world coming out of this crisis," Natura CEO Roberto Marques told CNBC by phone. Natura owns British brand The Body Shop, Australian skincare company Aesop, and in January closed a deal to buy American business Avon, creating a group that it claims has 200 million customers.
Natura集团的首席执行官罗伯托·马奎斯在电话中告诉CNBC说：“由于我们所处的时代以及思考如何塑造危机后世界的重要性，这一计划更加具有相关性。”Natura拥有英国品牌美体小铺、澳大利亚护肤公司伊索，并在一月份成功收购了美国企业雅芳，如今该集团宣称拥有2亿客户。
For Natura, financial growth and sustainability go hand-in-hand, and executives’ remuneration has been partly based on green goals, Marques said.
马奎斯称，对于Natura来说，经济增长和可持续发展是齐头并进的，高管的薪酬有一部分和绿色目标挂钩。
remuneration [rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃn]: n. 报酬；酬劳，赔偿
As with other manufacturers, it’s in Natura’s interest to focus on sustainability in an effort to ensure, for instance, that raw materials are available in the long term. “We can’t run a business in a dead planet … There is no other option for companies and leaders,” Marques added.
和其他制造商一样，专注于可持续发展是符合Natura的利益的，举例而言，Natura需要确保可以长期获取原材料。马奎斯补充道：“我们不能在一个死亡的星球上做生意……企业和领导者们别无选择。”
For Richard Mattison, CEO of Trucost, a company owned by S&P Global that estimates climate risks to businesses, the pandemic has created opportunities that are good for the economy and the planet.
对于Trucost的首席执行官理查德·马蒂森而言，疫情创造了有利于经济和地球的良机。Trucost是标普全球旗下的公司，负责评估气候变化给企业带来的风险。
Mattison suggested there were three things companies can do: cut business travel, instigate a work-from-home policy and make supply chains more local.
马蒂森指出，企业能做的有三件事：减少商务旅行、推动在家办公政策和让供应链本地化。
For Helen Clarkson, CEO of nonprofit The Climate Group, post-pandemic spending is a critical opportunity to invest in ways to get to net zero greenhouse gas emissions. After the 2008-2009 recession, sustainability issues tended to be ignored, she told CNBC by phone.
非营利机构气候组织的首席执行官海伦·克拉克森则认为，后疫情时代的消费是投资零排放的绝佳机会。她在电话中告诉CNBC说，在遭遇了2008年到2009年的经济衰退后，可持续问题容易被忽视。
But now, things are different, in part due to pressure from younger generations and also because businesses are having to reimagine themselves, Clarkson added.
克拉克森补充道，但现在，情况不同了，一方面是由于来自年轻一代的压力，另一方面是因为企业不得不重新定义自己。
Compare Ethics is a site that lets shoppers compare clothing brands’ commitment to issues such as paying a living wage or using recycled materials. It was founded by young entrepreneurs James Omisakin and Abbie Morris, who said the pandemic has meant that consumers have paid more attention to supply chains.
“道德比较”网站让购物者比较各服装品牌对于支付最低生活工资或采用可回收材料等问题的承诺。该网站是由年轻企业家詹姆斯·欧米萨金和艾比·莫里斯创立的，他们表示疫情意味着消费者对供应链的关注度提高了。
"Consumers and employees are now acutely aware of how their lives can change overnight and how supply chains directly affect them,” Morris told CNBC by email. She added that sales of clothing via the Compare Ethics platform were up 150% in June compared to May.
莫里斯在电子邮件中告诉CNBC说：“消费者和雇主们现在强烈感受到他们的生活是如何在一夜之间发生改变的，供应链又是怎样对他们直接产生影响的。”她补充道，六月份通过“道德比较”网站成交的服装销量相比五月份提高了150%。
Omisakin is hopeful that the business world will continue to think about green issues. "There's no choice now but to place the planet first. Senior leaders know that without synergy, nature will ultimately disrupt and disarm business efforts," he told CNBC by email.
欧米萨金希望商界会继续关注环保问题。他在电子邮件中告诉CNBC说：“现在别无选择，只能把地球放在首位。高级领导人知道，没有协同合作，自然最终会崩溃，让企业的努力都付之东流。”
英文来源：CNBC
翻译&编辑：丹妮 | Photo by Noah Buscher on Unsplash
The coronavirus pandemic has created significant new ways of doing business that could benefit both the economy and environment, according to business leaders, who said there was no other option but to shift toward sustainability.
In June, Brazilian cosmetics giant Natura launched its “Commitment to Life” vision for the next 10 years. The plan includes pledges to reduce its emissions to net zero, have 30% of its management made up of under-represented groups, and make all of its packaging reusable, recyclable or compostable. Unilever announced a $1 billion investment into a climate and nature fund and pledged net-zero emissions across all of its products by 2039.
"(This) is even more relevant because of the time we are in and the importance of really thinking about how we want to shape the world coming out of this crisis," Natura CEO Roberto Marques told CNBC by phone. Natura owns British brand The Body Shop, Australian skincare company Aesop, and in January closed a deal to buy American business Avon, creating a group that it claims has 200 million customers.
For Natura, financial growth and sustainability go hand-in-hand, and executives’ remuneration has been partly based on green goals, Marques said.
As with other manufacturers, it’s in Natura’s interest to focus on sustainability in an effort to ensure, for instance, that raw materials are available in the long term. “We can’t run a business in a dead planet … There is no other option for companies and leaders,” Marques added.
For Richard Mattison, CEO of Trucost, a company owned by S&P Global that estimates climate risks to businesses, the pandemic has created opportunities that are good for the economy and the planet.
Mattison suggested there were three things companies can do: cut business travel, instigate a work-from-home policy and make supply chains more local.
For Helen Clarkson, CEO of nonprofit The Climate Group, post-pandemic spending is a critical opportunity to invest in ways to get to net zero greenhouse gas emissions. After the 2008-2009 recession, sustainability issues tended to be ignored, she told CNBC by phone.
But now, things are different, in part due to pressure from younger generations and also because businesses are having to reimagine themselves, Clarkson added.
Compare Ethics is a site that lets shoppers compare clothing brands’ commitment to issues such as paying a living wage or using recycled materials. It was founded by young entrepreneurs James Omisakin and Abbie Morris, who said the pandemic has meant that consumers have paid more attention to supply chains.
"Consumers and employees are now acutely aware of how their lives can change overnight and how supply chains directly affect them,” Morris told CNBC by email. She added that sales of clothing via the Compare Ethics platform were up 150% in June compared to May.
Omisakin is hopeful that the business world will continue to think about green issues. "There's no choice now but to place the planet first. Senior leaders know that without synergy, nature will ultimately disrupt and disarm business efforts," he told CNBC by email. | 新冠疫情对于人类是一场灾难，但也给无视环境的经济发展模式敲响了警钟。越来越多消费者开始关注供应链，商界领袖们也逐渐意识到可持续发展是唯一的选择。
商界领袖指出，新冠疫情创造了许多可以同时造福经济和环境的重要商业新模式，现在除了转向可持续发展之外别无选择。
六月份，巴西美妆巨头Natura发起了未来十年的“承诺一生”愿景。该计划包括承诺将排放量降为零，30%的管理层由弱势群体组成，以及实现所有包装可重复使用、可回收或可降解。联合利华宣布给一家气候与自然基金会投资10亿美元（约合人民币70亿元），并承诺在2039年前实现所有产品零排放。
Natura集团的首席执行官罗伯托·马奎斯在电话中告诉CNBC说：“由于我们所处的时代以及思考如何塑造危机后世界的重要性，这一计划更加具有相关性。”Natura拥有英国品牌美体小铺、澳大利亚护肤公司伊索，并在一月份成功收购了美国企业雅芳，如今该集团宣称拥有2亿客户。
马奎斯称，对于Natura来说，经济增长和可持续发展是齐头并进的，高管的薪酬有一部分和绿色目标挂钩。
remuneration [rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃn]: n. 报酬；酬劳，赔偿
和其他制造商一样，专注于可持续发展是符合Natura的利益的，举例而言，Natura需要确保可以长期获取原材料。马奎斯补充道：“我们不能在一个死亡的星球上做生意……企业和领导者们别无选择。”
对于Trucost的首席执行官理查德·马蒂森而言，疫情创造了有利于经济和地球的良机。Trucost是标普全球旗下的公司，负责评估气候变化给企业带来的风险。
马蒂森指出，企业能做的有三件事：减少商务旅行、推动在家办公政策和让供应链本地化。
非营利机构气候组织的首席执行官海伦·克拉克森则认为，后疫情时代的消费是投资零排放的绝佳机会。她在电话中告诉CNBC说，在遭遇了2008年到2009年的经济衰退后，可持续问题容易被忽视。
克拉克森补充道，但现在，情况不同了，一方面是由于来自年轻一代的压力，另一方面是因为企业不得不重新定义自己。
“道德比较”网站让购物者比较各服装品牌对于支付最低生活工资或采用可回收材料等问题的承诺。该网站是由年轻企业家詹姆斯·欧米萨金和艾比·莫里斯创立的，他们表示疫情意味着消费者对供应链的关注度提高了。
莫里斯在电子邮件中告诉CNBC说：“消费者和雇主们现在强烈感受到他们的生活是如何在一夜之间发生改变的，供应链又是怎样对他们直接产生影响的。”她补充道，六月份通过“道德比较”网站成交的服装销量相比五月份提高了150%。
欧米萨金希望商界会继续关注环保问题。他在电子邮件中告诉CNBC说：“现在别无选择，只能把地球放在首位。高级领导人知道，没有协同合作，自然最终会崩溃，让企业的努力都付之东流。”
英文来源：CNBC
翻译&编辑：丹妮 |
英国政府在逐步解除疫情封锁后，在上周推出半价就餐优惠计划，以促进餐饮业恢复。这一计划还引发了商业街和购物中心的客流激增，促进了零售业的发展。
A general view shows people at a bar in Clapham, after the reopening of commercial activities following the outbreak of the coronavirus disease(COVID-19), in London, Britain, July 4, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
The UK government’s eat out to help out scheme triggered a surge in the number of people visiting high streets and shopping malls last week, especially during the evenings.
上周，英国政府推出的“外出就餐帮助他人”计划引发了商业街和购物中心的客流激增，尤其是在晚上。
Between Monday and Wednesday – the first days of the half-price meal offer – footfall rose 18.9% after 6pm across the UK’s high streets, shopping centres and retail parks, according to the retail analysts Springboard. The scheme also boosted visitor numbers between 12pm and 2pm, when they rose 9.6%.
根据零售业分析公司Springboard的数据，从上周一（8月3日）到上周三，也就是半价就餐优惠计划推出的前几天，下午6点后，英国各大商业街、购物中心和商业区的客流量增加了18.9%。该计划还使中午12点至下午2点的客流量增加了9.6%。
retail park：（郊外有停车场的）商业区
Smaller market towns benefited the most, with footfall up 25% over the first three days of last week, while regional cities recorded a 19.2% gain.
较小的集镇受益最大，上周一到上周三客流量增加了25%，而区域性城市的客流量则增加了19.2%。
Over last week as a whole, visitor numbers at high streets, malls and retail parks rose 3.8% from the week before. High streets did best, with footfall up 4.5%.
上周，商业街、购物中心和商业区的客流量比之前一周增加了3.8%。商业街的表现最好，客流量增长了4.5%。
The figures suggest the scheme, which was launched by Rishi Sunak to help the struggling restaurant sector, has also benefited retailers, which have been equally hard hit by the Covid-19 pandemic.
这些数字表明，该计划也让同样受到新冠疫情沉重打击的零售业受益。该计划由英国财政大臣里希·苏纳克发起，旨在帮助陷入困境的餐饮业。
The chancellor’s initiative offers a 50% discount, up to £10 per person, at participating venues during the month of August between Monday and Wednesday, typically the quietest days of the week. It got off to a roaring start last week, when queues formed outside many restaurants and cafes all over the UK. More than 72,000 establishments have signed up to the £500m scheme, ranging from independents to mainstream chains and Michelin-starred restaurants.
根据英国财政大臣的提议，在8月份的每周一至周三（通常是一周中最冷清的日子），顾客在参加活动的商家可享受五折优惠，每人最多优惠10英镑（约合人民币91元）。上周，英国各地的许多餐馆和咖啡馆外都排起了长队，掀起了一场狂欢。超过7.2万商家参与了这项价值5亿英镑的计划，其中既有独立餐厅，也有主流连锁餐厅和米其林星级餐厅。
It is a much-needed boost for pubs, bars and restaurants as consumers had been slow to return after they were allowed to reopen in early July. All shops in England were able to reopen from mid-June after a three-month lockdown. This triggered a 45% surge in shopper numbers in the week starting 15 June on the previous week, according to Springboard, but footfall rises have been far more subdued since then.
酒馆、酒吧和餐馆急需这样的提振举措，因为在7月初商家获准重新开业后，客流量一直很低。在三个月的封锁过后，英格兰所有的商店都被获准自6月中旬重新开门营业。根据Springboard的数据，这导致从6月15日开始的一周内，客流量较前一周激增了45%，但此后客流量的增幅就小得多了。
subdue[səbˈdjuː]：vt.抑制；减轻
Footfall across all UK retail destinations remains more than a third lower than in 2019, with a year-on-year decline of 34% last week.
与2019年相比，英国所有零售店的客流量仍下降了三分之一以上，上周则同比下降了34%。
While footfall indicates the number of people going to malls and high streets and does not measure their spending, the latest figures bode well for sales at shop chains. UK retail sales jumped 13.9% in June from May, according to official data, taking them close to pre-lockdown levels.
虽然客流量显示的是去购物中心和商业街的人数，而并不反应顾客的支出，但最新数据对连锁店的销售是个好兆头。根据官方数据，英国6月份的零售额比5月份增长了13.9%，接近封锁前的水平。
bode well for：预示有好的前途；好兆头
Diane Wehrle, the insights director at Springboard, said: “It is clear that it was the post-6pm period that yielded the greatest rise in footfall and also that smaller towns benefited more than large city centres. As the scheme continues throughout August and more Britons enjoy staycations across the UK, time will tell if the government scheme provides the boost that retail destinations across the country require for business survival.”
Springboard的业务观察总监黛安•韦勒说：“显然，下午6点后这段时间客流量的增幅最大，而且较小的城镇比大型城市中心受益更多。”随着该计划在整个8月份的实施，以及越来越多的英国人喜欢在英国各地度假，政府这一计划能否为英国零售店的商业生存提供所需的推动力，将由时间来证明。
英文来源：卫报
翻译&编辑：yaning | A general view shows people at a bar in Clapham, after the reopening of commercial activities following the outbreak of the coronavirus disease(COVID-19), in London, Britain, July 4, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
The UK government’s eat out to help out scheme triggered a surge in the number of people visiting high streets and shopping malls last week, especially during the evenings.
Between Monday and Wednesday – the first days of the half-price meal offer – footfall rose 18.9% after 6pm across the UK’s high streets, shopping centres and retail parks, according to the retail analysts Springboard. The scheme also boosted visitor numbers between 12pm and 2pm, when they rose 9.6%.
Smaller market towns benefited the most, with footfall up 25% over the first three days of last week, while regional cities recorded a 19.2% gain.
Over last week as a whole, visitor numbers at high streets, malls and retail parks rose 3.8% from the week before. High streets did best, with footfall up 4.5%.
The figures suggest the scheme, which was launched by Rishi Sunak to help the struggling restaurant sector, has also benefited retailers, which have been equally hard hit by the Covid-19 pandemic.
The chancellor’s initiative offers a 50% discount, up to £10 per person, at participating venues during the month of August between Monday and Wednesday, typically the quietest days of the week. It got off to a roaring start last week, when queues formed outside many restaurants and cafes all over the UK. More than 72,000 establishments have signed up to the £500m scheme, ranging from independents to mainstream chains and Michelin-starred restaurants.
It is a much-needed boost for pubs, bars and restaurants as consumers had been slow to return after they were allowed to reopen in early July. All shops in England were able to reopen from mid-June after a three-month lockdown. This triggered a 45% surge in shopper numbers in the week starting 15 June on the previous week, according to Springboard, but footfall rises have been far more subdued since then.
Footfall across all UK retail destinations remains more than a third lower than in 2019, with a year-on-year decline of 34% last week.
While footfall indicates the number of people going to malls and high streets and does not measure their spending, the latest figures bode well for sales at shop chains. UK retail sales jumped 13.9% in June from May, according to official data, taking them close to pre-lockdown levels.
Diane Wehrle, the insights director at Springboard, said: “It is clear that it was the post-6pm period that yielded the greatest rise in footfall and also that smaller towns benefited more than large city centres. As the scheme continues throughout August and more Britons enjoy staycations across the UK, time will tell if the government scheme provides the boost that retail destinations across the country require for business survival.” | 英国政府在逐步解除疫情封锁后，在上周推出半价就餐优惠计划，以促进餐饮业恢复。这一计划还引发了商业街和购物中心的客流激增，促进了零售业的发展。
上周，英国政府推出的“外出就餐帮助他人”计划引发了商业街和购物中心的客流激增，尤其是在晚上。
根据零售业分析公司Springboard的数据，从上周一（8月3日）到上周三，也就是半价就餐优惠计划推出的前几天，下午6点后，英国各大商业街、购物中心和商业区的客流量增加了18.9%。该计划还使中午12点至下午2点的客流量增加了9.6%。
retail park：（郊外有停车场的）商业区
较小的集镇受益最大，上周一到上周三客流量增加了25%，而区域性城市的客流量则增加了19.2%。
上周，商业街、购物中心和商业区的客流量比之前一周增加了3.8%。商业街的表现最好，客流量增长了4.5%。
这些数字表明，该计划也让同样受到新冠疫情沉重打击的零售业受益。该计划由英国财政大臣里希·苏纳克发起，旨在帮助陷入困境的餐饮业。
根据英国财政大臣的提议，在8月份的每周一至周三（通常是一周中最冷清的日子），顾客在参加活动的商家可享受五折优惠，每人最多优惠10英镑（约合人民币91元）。上周，英国各地的许多餐馆和咖啡馆外都排起了长队，掀起了一场狂欢。超过7.2万商家参与了这项价值5亿英镑的计划，其中既有独立餐厅，也有主流连锁餐厅和米其林星级餐厅。
酒馆、酒吧和餐馆急需这样的提振举措，因为在7月初商家获准重新开业后，客流量一直很低。在三个月的封锁过后，英格兰所有的商店都被获准自6月中旬重新开门营业。根据Springboard的数据，这导致从6月15日开始的一周内，客流量较前一周激增了45%，但此后客流量的增幅就小得多了。
subdue[səbˈdjuː]：vt.抑制；减轻
与2019年相比，英国所有零售店的客流量仍下降了三分之一以上，上周则同比下降了34%。
虽然客流量显示的是去购物中心和商业街的人数，而并不反应顾客的支出，但最新数据对连锁店的销售是个好兆头。根据官方数据，英国6月份的零售额比5月份增长了13.9%，接近封锁前的水平。
bode well for：预示有好的前途；好兆头
Springboard的业务观察总监黛安•韦勒说：“显然，下午6点后这段时间客流量的增幅最大，而且较小的城镇比大型城市中心受益更多。”随着该计划在整个8月份的实施，以及越来越多的英国人喜欢在英国各地度假，政府这一计划能否为英国零售店的商业生存提供所需的推动力，将由时间来证明。
英文来源：卫报
翻译&编辑：yaning |
被誉为“大不列颠设计标杆”的英国普睿谷设计工作室对后疫情时代的飞机内部配置提出了一些新设想，其中包括清洁后会变色的座椅布料和上至天花板的座椅分隔屏。
Courtesy of PriestmanGoode.
With mandatory masks and empty middle seats, air travel certainly looks different during the Covid-19 pandemic. But London-based transportation design firm PriestmanGoode has taken it a step further, and re-imagined how airplane cabins could be outfitted to make the environment safer for passengers and crew.
疫情时期乘坐飞机必须佩戴口罩，还要空出中间座位，肯定是和往日不同了。但是总部在伦敦的交通设计公司普睿谷更进一步，重新设想了机舱的配置，从而为乘客和机组人员打造更为安全的环境。
While it’s unclear when or if these designs could be brought to life, here are models depicting PriestmanGoode’s proposed changes to economy cabins:
虽然不清楚这些设计能否实现，不过，可以通过模型图看看
普睿谷
公司对经济舱提出的改变。
Courtesy of PriestmanGoode.
Maintaining six feet of distance from other people on an airplane is currently very challenging. Airlines such as Delta, JetBlue and Southwest have taken to temporarily blocking middle seats to allow for more space between passengers.
在飞机上保持人与人之间6英尺（1.8米）的距离目前是非常有挑战性的。达美、捷蓝和西南航空公司都采取了暂时封闭中间座位的方法，在乘客之间留出更多空间。
PriestmanGoode proposes staggering the rows of seats, so that people have more private space. This also allows people to sit with a group of two or three friends or family members, while steering clear of other parties on board. Between each row of seats, a screen divider would extend from the ceiling to the top of the seat for additional protection. Even the seats are constructed with no seams or cracks so they’re easier to clean.
普睿谷公司建议交错摆放座椅，从而让人们有更多私密空间。这也让人们可以和两三好友或家人坐在一起，同时又能避开飞机上的其他人。在每排座位之间都有一块上至天花板下至座椅顶部的分隔屏作为附加防护。座椅之间甚至都没有接缝，这样更容易清洁。
Seat backs and tray tables have been completely overhauled by PriestmanGoode. Instead of built-in touchscreens for movies and in-flight announcements, this design includes attachments for passengers to prop up their own tablets and smartphones on the seat backs.
普睿谷对椅背和折叠桌进行了全面改革。椅背上不再有播放电影和机舱通知的内置触摸屏，而是设置了让乘客在椅背上支起自己的平板电脑和智能手机的附属装置。
overhaul[əʊvə'hɔːl]: v. 彻底检修；全面改革（制度、方法等）
Courtesy of PriestmanGoode.
And instead of the usual pocket with magazines and brochures, the firm has opted to print safety information and in-flight announcements on the seat so there’s less material to touch and handle. Similar to the media display, passengers could use bungee cords to fasten their own bag, water bottle or personal items to the back of the seat.
椅背上也不再设置放杂志和小册子的袋子，而是印刷了安全信息和机舱通知，以减少接触和处理的材料。和媒体播放类似，乘客可以用椅背上的弹力绳来系牢自己的包包、水壶或私人物品。
bungee cord: 弹力绳
Courtesy of PriestmanGoode.
One innovation that PriestmanGoode is touting is fabric that changes color after it’s been cleaned. According to a press release, the seat fabric is treated with “photochromic and thermochromic ink” that reacts to cleaning supplies to indicate that it’s been disinfected with heat and light. Once someone sits in the seat, the fabric changes color.
普睿谷宣扬的一个创新产品是清洁后会变色的布料。根据新闻稿，这种座椅布料经过“光致变色和热变色染料”的处理，可以和清洁用品发生反应，显示出已经用高温和紫外线光消毒。一旦有人坐在椅子上，布料就会变色。
The design firm also proposes using far-UVC light to kill airborne germs and virus particles in the cabin. The lights would be blue during the UVC light cleaning process, then shift to warm yellow when complete.
这家设计公司还建议用远程短波紫外线来杀死机舱空气中的细菌和病毒颗粒。短波紫外线清洁过程中会发出蓝色光，清洁完毕后会转为温暖的黄色光。
Courtesy of PriestmanGoode.
New research suggests that far-UVC light can kill small particles of viruses and bacteria on surfaces and in the air. A study out of Columbia University found that far-UVC light killed 99.99% of coronaviruses in air droplets. Experts say these lights could be useful in healthcare settings, but more studies need to be done on the long-term effects of far-UVC light exposure to make sure it’s safe.
新研究显示，远程短波紫外线可以杀死表面和空气中的病毒和细菌微粒。哥伦比亚大学的一项研究发现，远程短波紫外线可杀死空气飞沫中99.99%的新冠病毒。专家称，这些光可能在医疗环境中有用，但仍需更多研究来确定长期暴露在远程短波紫外线中是否安全。
Business class could provide even more of an upgrade.
商务舱会提供更多升级服务。
PriestmanGoode suggests that business class travelers have their own pod, complete with a personal overhead compartment and wardrobe for storing items. A curtain would serve as a partition between the flyer and the rest of the aircraft for more protection.
普睿谷提出，商务舱乘客应有自己的隔间，包括私人行李架和储物柜。在乘客和机上其他区域之间要装上门帘作为屏障，以增强防护。
Courtesy of PriestmanGoode.
Covid-19 is mainly spread through respiratory droplets when an infected person breathes, talks, coughs or sneezes. Air travel increases your risk of contracting Covid-19 because you spend extended periods of time in close proximity with other people, and come in contact with high-touch surfaces, according to the Centers for Disease Control.
美国疾控中心称，新冠病毒主要通过感染者呼吸、讲话、咳嗽或打喷嚏产生的呼吸道飞沫进行传播。航空旅行会增加感染新冠病毒的风险，因为会长时间与其他人近距离接触，还会触摸接触率很高的表面。
英文来源：CNBC
翻译&编辑：丹妮 | Courtesy of PriestmanGoode.
With mandatory masks and empty middle seats, air travel certainly looks different during the Covid-19 pandemic. But London-based transportation design firm PriestmanGoode has taken it a step further, and re-imagined how airplane cabins could be outfitted to make the environment safer for passengers and crew.
While it’s unclear when or if these designs could be brought to life, here are models depicting PriestmanGoode’s proposed changes to economy cabins:
Courtesy of PriestmanGoode.
Maintaining six feet of distance from other people on an airplane is currently very challenging. Airlines such as Delta, JetBlue and Southwest have taken to temporarily blocking middle seats to allow for more space between passengers.
PriestmanGoode proposes staggering the rows of seats, so that people have more private space. This also allows people to sit with a group of two or three friends or family members, while steering clear of other parties on board. Between each row of seats, a screen divider would extend from the ceiling to the top of the seat for additional protection. Even the seats are constructed with no seams or cracks so they’re easier to clean.
Seat backs and tray tables have been completely overhauled by PriestmanGoode. Instead of built-in touchscreens for movies and in-flight announcements, this design includes attachments for passengers to prop up their own tablets and smartphones on the seat backs.
Courtesy of PriestmanGoode.
And instead of the usual pocket with magazines and brochures, the firm has opted to print safety information and in-flight announcements on the seat so there’s less material to touch and handle. Similar to the media display, passengers could use bungee cords to fasten their own bag, water bottle or personal items to the back of the seat.
Courtesy of PriestmanGoode.
One innovation that PriestmanGoode is touting is fabric that changes color after it’s been cleaned. According to a press release, the seat fabric is treated with “photochromic and thermochromic ink” that reacts to cleaning supplies to indicate that it’s been disinfected with heat and light. Once someone sits in the seat, the fabric changes color.
The design firm also proposes using far-UVC light to kill airborne germs and virus particles in the cabin. The lights would be blue during the UVC light cleaning process, then shift to warm yellow when complete.
Courtesy of PriestmanGoode.
New research suggests that far-UVC light can kill small particles of viruses and bacteria on surfaces and in the air. A study out of Columbia University found that far-UVC light killed 99.99% of coronaviruses in air droplets. Experts say these lights could be useful in healthcare settings, but more studies need to be done on the long-term effects of far-UVC light exposure to make sure it’s safe.
Business class could provide even more of an upgrade.
PriestmanGoode suggests that business class travelers have their own pod, complete with a personal overhead compartment and wardrobe for storing items. A curtain would serve as a partition between the flyer and the rest of the aircraft for more protection.
Courtesy of PriestmanGoode.
Covid-19 is mainly spread through respiratory droplets when an infected person breathes, talks, coughs or sneezes. Air travel increases your risk of contracting Covid-19 because you spend extended periods of time in close proximity with other people, and come in contact with high-touch surfaces, according to the Centers for Disease Control. | 被誉为“大不列颠设计标杆”的英国普睿谷设计工作室对后疫情时代的飞机内部配置提出了一些新设想，其中包括清洁后会变色的座椅布料和上至天花板的座椅分隔屏。
疫情时期乘坐飞机必须佩戴口罩，还要空出中间座位，肯定是和往日不同了。但是总部在伦敦的交通设计公司普睿谷更进一步，重新设想了机舱的配置，从而为乘客和机组人员打造更为安全的环境。
虽然不清楚这些设计能否实现，不过，可以通过模型图看看
普睿谷
公司对经济舱提出的改变。
在飞机上保持人与人之间6英尺（1.8米）的距离目前是非常有挑战性的。达美、捷蓝和西南航空公司都采取了暂时封闭中间座位的方法，在乘客之间留出更多空间。
普睿谷公司建议交错摆放座椅，从而让人们有更多私密空间。这也让人们可以和两三好友或家人坐在一起，同时又能避开飞机上的其他人。在每排座位之间都有一块上至天花板下至座椅顶部的分隔屏作为附加防护。座椅之间甚至都没有接缝，这样更容易清洁。
普睿谷对椅背和折叠桌进行了全面改革。椅背上不再有播放电影和机舱通知的内置触摸屏，而是设置了让乘客在椅背上支起自己的平板电脑和智能手机的附属装置。
overhaul[əʊvə'hɔːl]: v. 彻底检修；全面改革（制度、方法等）
椅背上也不再设置放杂志和小册子的袋子，而是印刷了安全信息和机舱通知，以减少接触和处理的材料。和媒体播放类似，乘客可以用椅背上的弹力绳来系牢自己的包包、水壶或私人物品。
bungee cord: 弹力绳
普睿谷宣扬的一个创新产品是清洁后会变色的布料。根据新闻稿，这种座椅布料经过“光致变色和热变色染料”的处理，可以和清洁用品发生反应，显示出已经用高温和紫外线光消毒。一旦有人坐在椅子上，布料就会变色。
这家设计公司还建议用远程短波紫外线来杀死机舱空气中的细菌和病毒颗粒。短波紫外线清洁过程中会发出蓝色光，清洁完毕后会转为温暖的黄色光。
新研究显示，远程短波紫外线可以杀死表面和空气中的病毒和细菌微粒。哥伦比亚大学的一项研究发现，远程短波紫外线可杀死空气飞沫中99.99%的新冠病毒。专家称，这些光可能在医疗环境中有用，但仍需更多研究来确定长期暴露在远程短波紫外线中是否安全。
商务舱会提供更多升级服务。
普睿谷提出，商务舱乘客应有自己的隔间，包括私人行李架和储物柜。在乘客和机上其他区域之间要装上门帘作为屏障，以增强防护。
美国疾控中心称，新冠病毒主要通过感染者呼吸、讲话、咳嗽或打喷嚏产生的呼吸道飞沫进行传播。航空旅行会增加感染新冠病毒的风险，因为会长时间与其他人近距离接触，还会触摸接触率很高的表面。
英文来源：CNBC
翻译&编辑：丹妮 |
短短17天，美国新冠肺炎确诊病例再增百万，累计确诊超过500万例，死亡病例超16万。美国政府对新冠疫情的应对让不少美国人感到失望。有研究指出，今年上半年，超过5800人放弃美国国籍，创下纪录。除疫情和政治原因外，人们做出这一决定还有税收方面的原因。
Students gather inside the Talley Student Union at the campus of North Carolina State University in Raleigh, North Carolina, US on Aug 7, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
A record number of people are giving up their US citizenship, new research published on Sunday found.
上周日（8月9日）公布的一项新研究发现，放弃美国国籍的人数创下纪录。
More than 5,800 Americans gave up their citizenship in the first six months of 2020 compared to the 2,072 Americans who renounced their citizenship in all of 2019, according to Bambridge Accountants, a New York-based firm.
根据总部位于纽约的班布里奇会计师事务所的数据，在2020年的前六个月，超过5800名美国人放弃了美国国籍，而2019年全年放弃美国国籍的人数为2072人。
renounce[rɪˈnaʊns]：vt.宣布放弃
The firm said it examined public data, published by the US government every three months, of the names of all Americans who give up their citizenship.
该事务所表示，它审查了所有放弃美国国籍的美国人姓名公开数据，美国政府每三个月发布一次这类数据。
"These are mainly people who already left the US and just decided they've had enough of everything," Alistair Bambridge, a partner at Bambridge Accountants, told CNN.
这家会计师事务所的合伙人阿里斯泰尔•班布里奇告诉美国有线电视新闻网：“这些人主要是那些已经离开美国的人，他们认为自己已经受够了这里的一切，因而决定离开。”
"What we've seen is people are over everything happening with President Donald Trump, how the coronavirus pandemic is being handled, and the political policies in the US at the moment."
“我们看到的是，人们对唐纳德·特朗普总统所做的一切、新冠肺炎疫情的处理方式以及美国目前的政治政策都受够了。”
While many people who renounced their citizenship complain of being unhappy with today's current political climate in the US, another reason for their decision is often taxes, according to Bambridge.
据班布里奇说，虽然许多放弃国籍的人抱怨称对美国当前的政治气候感到不满，但他们做出这一决定的另一个原因通常是税收。
US citizens living abroad are still required to file tax returns every year, report their foreign bank accounts, investments, and pensions, he said. While these citizens were able to claim the $1,200 stimulus checks and $500 for each child, for many, the annual US tax reporting "is just too much."
他说，居住在国外的美国公民仍然需要每年提交纳税申报单，报告他们在国外的银行账户、投资和养老金。尽管这些公民可以申请1200美元（约合人民币8360元）的经济刺激支票，每个孩子也可以申请500美元，但对许多人来说，美国每年的税收申报“实在是太多了”。
Americans who want to relinquish their citizenship must pay $2,350 and appear in person at the US embassy in their country if they are not in America.
想要放弃美国国籍的美国人必须支付2350美元，如果他们不在美国，还必须亲自到美国大使馆。
Despite the risks that come with giving up a US citizenship, Bambridge predicts that the trend will only continue going up.
尽管放弃美国国籍会带来风险，但班布里奇预测，这一趋势只会继续上升。
"A lot of people are waiting for the November election to see what's going to happen," he said. "If President Trump is reelected, we believe there will be another wave of people who will decide to renounce their citizenship."
他说：“很多人都在等待11月的选举，看看会发生什么。如果特朗普总统再次当选，我们相信会有另一波人决定放弃国籍。”
英文来源：CNN
翻译&编辑：yaning | Students gather inside the Talley Student Union at the campus of North Carolina State University in Raleigh, North Carolina, US on Aug 7, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
A record number of people are giving up their US citizenship, new research published on Sunday found.
More than 5,800 Americans gave up their citizenship in the first six months of 2020 compared to the 2,072 Americans who renounced their citizenship in all of 2019, according to Bambridge Accountants, a New York-based firm.
The firm said it examined public data, published by the US government every three months, of the names of all Americans who give up their citizenship.
"These are mainly people who already left the US and just decided they've had enough of everything," Alistair Bambridge, a partner at Bambridge Accountants, told CNN.
"What we've seen is people are over everything happening with President Donald Trump, how the coronavirus pandemic is being handled, and the political policies in the US at the moment."
While many people who renounced their citizenship complain of being unhappy with today's current political climate in the US, another reason for their decision is often taxes, according to Bambridge.
US citizens living abroad are still required to file tax returns every year, report their foreign bank accounts, investments, and pensions, he said. While these citizens were able to claim the $1,200 stimulus checks and $500 for each child, for many, the annual US tax reporting "is just too much."
Americans who want to relinquish their citizenship must pay $2,350 and appear in person at the US embassy in their country if they are not in America.
Despite the risks that come with giving up a US citizenship, Bambridge predicts that the trend will only continue going up.
"A lot of people are waiting for the November election to see what's going to happen," he said. "If President Trump is reelected, we believe there will be another wave of people who will decide to renounce their citizenship." | 短短17天，美国新冠肺炎确诊病例再增百万，累计确诊超过500万例，死亡病例超16万。美国政府对新冠疫情的应对让不少美国人感到失望。有研究指出，今年上半年，超过5800人放弃美国国籍，创下纪录。除疫情和政治原因外，人们做出这一决定还有税收方面的原因。
上周日（8月9日）公布的一项新研究发现，放弃美国国籍的人数创下纪录。
根据总部位于纽约的班布里奇会计师事务所的数据，在2020年的前六个月，超过5800名美国人放弃了美国国籍，而2019年全年放弃美国国籍的人数为2072人。
renounce[rɪˈnaʊns]：vt.宣布放弃
该事务所表示，它审查了所有放弃美国国籍的美国人姓名公开数据，美国政府每三个月发布一次这类数据。
这家会计师事务所的合伙人阿里斯泰尔•班布里奇告诉美国有线电视新闻网：“这些人主要是那些已经离开美国的人，他们认为自己已经受够了这里的一切，因而决定离开。”
“我们看到的是，人们对唐纳德·特朗普总统所做的一切、新冠肺炎疫情的处理方式以及美国目前的政治政策都受够了。”
据班布里奇说，虽然许多放弃国籍的人抱怨称对美国当前的政治气候感到不满，但他们做出这一决定的另一个原因通常是税收。
他说，居住在国外的美国公民仍然需要每年提交纳税申报单，报告他们在国外的银行账户、投资和养老金。尽管这些公民可以申请1200美元（约合人民币8360元）的经济刺激支票，每个孩子也可以申请500美元，但对许多人来说，美国每年的税收申报“实在是太多了”。
想要放弃美国国籍的美国人必须支付2350美元，如果他们不在美国，还必须亲自到美国大使馆。
尽管放弃美国国籍会带来风险，但班布里奇预测，这一趋势只会继续上升。
他说：“很多人都在等待11月的选举，看看会发生什么。如果特朗普总统再次当选，我们相信会有另一波人决定放弃国籍。”
英文来源：CNN
翻译&编辑：yaning |
疫情让养老院的老人倍感孤独，因为家人只能隔着玻璃探望。美国德州的一家企业为养老院老人打造了一款别出心裁的“拥抱亭”，让老人可以和家人安全地拥抱。
Courtesy Amber Crenshaw
Some Texans are trying to relieve the loneliness and isolation that many elderly Americans are feeling during the coronavirus pandemic by creating safe “hugging booths.”
一些德克萨斯人试图缓解许多美国老人在新冠疫情期间的孤独和隔离感，就发明了安全的“拥抱亭”。
Amber Crenshaw and her husband Steve Crenshaw own a business called Handle With Care and work with Unlimited Care Cottages, an assisted living facility. Amber said she and her husband designed and built the hugging booths after one of the nurses suggested the idea.
安柏·克伦肖和她的丈夫斯蒂夫·克伦肖开办了一家与“无限关怀小屋”养老院有合作的企业，名为“用心善待”。安柏说，在养老院的一名护士提出建议后，她和丈夫设计建造了这种拥抱亭。
"The residents have been, just so filled with joy,” Amber said. “It was one of our resident’s birthdays. We were able to set the booth up for their birthday, and family members were able to come in and give birthday hugs. It has really lifted the spirits of the assisted living residents.”
安柏说：“养老院居民乐开了花。那天是其中一位居民的生日。为了庆祝生日，我们建造了拥抱亭，家人得以前来拥抱寿星。拥抱亭让养老院居民们精神大振。”
Buck Buckholtz, the owner of Unlimited Care Cottages, where the hugging booths have been used, said that the families were also excited.
采用拥抱亭的“无限关怀小屋”养老院的老板巴克·巴克霍尔茨说，老人的家人们也很兴奋。
Courtesy Amber Crenshaw
He said, "The families, there was a pretty quick response of, 'When can you bring it to this house? When can you bring it to this house? When are we going to have one?"
他说：“很快，他们的家人们就纷纷询问：‘你们什么时候可以在这个屋子安装拥抱亭？什么时候？我们何时能有一个拥抱亭？’”
Amber said that she and her husband designed it to fit into a standard door without gaps, and built it with materials that coronavirus cannot transmit through, allowing family members to hug each other safely.
安柏说，她和丈夫的设计使其能无间隙地嵌入标准的门中，使用的建筑材料令新冠病毒无法入侵，让家人们可以安全地拥抱彼此。
"Just the power of touch is so important because it’s been since March since these family members and the residents at the homes have been able to touch and hug," she said. "Through this, we’ve been able to create an opportunity for them to reach out and have a touch. It’s huge, it brings lots of joy."
“触摸的力量太强大了，因为自从三月以来这些养老院居民和他们的家人就没有触摸和拥抱过对方。通过拥抱亭，我们可以为他们创造一个伸手拥抱的机会。这个机会很棒，还带来了许多欢乐。”
The Crenshaws have just worked with Unlimited Care so far, but they said other assisted living facilities in Texas have contacted them with interest.
到目前为止克伦肖一家只和“无限关怀小屋”合作过，但他们表示德州的其他感兴趣的养老院也联系了他们。
英文来源：福克斯新闻网
翻译&编辑：丹妮 | Courtesy Amber Crenshaw
Some Texans are trying to relieve the loneliness and isolation that many elderly Americans are feeling during the coronavirus pandemic by creating safe “hugging booths.”
Amber Crenshaw and her husband Steve Crenshaw own a business called Handle With Care and work with Unlimited Care Cottages, an assisted living facility. Amber said she and her husband designed and built the hugging booths after one of the nurses suggested the idea.
"The residents have been, just so filled with joy,” Amber said. “It was one of our resident’s birthdays. We were able to set the booth up for their birthday, and family members were able to come in and give birthday hugs. It has really lifted the spirits of the assisted living residents.”
Buck Buckholtz, the owner of Unlimited Care Cottages, where the hugging booths have been used, said that the families were also excited.
Courtesy Amber Crenshaw
He said, "The families, there was a pretty quick response of, 'When can you bring it to this house? When can you bring it to this house? When are we going to have one?"
Amber said that she and her husband designed it to fit into a standard door without gaps, and built it with materials that coronavirus cannot transmit through, allowing family members to hug each other safely.
"Just the power of touch is so important because it’s been since March since these family members and the residents at the homes have been able to touch and hug," she said. "Through this, we’ve been able to create an opportunity for them to reach out and have a touch. It’s huge, it brings lots of joy."
The Crenshaws have just worked with Unlimited Care so far, but they said other assisted living facilities in Texas have contacted them with interest. | 疫情让养老院的老人倍感孤独，因为家人只能隔着玻璃探望。美国德州的一家企业为养老院老人打造了一款别出心裁的“拥抱亭”，让老人可以和家人安全地拥抱。
一些德克萨斯人试图缓解许多美国老人在新冠疫情期间的孤独和隔离感，就发明了安全的“拥抱亭”。
安柏·克伦肖和她的丈夫斯蒂夫·克伦肖开办了一家与“无限关怀小屋”养老院有合作的企业，名为“用心善待”。安柏说，在养老院的一名护士提出建议后，她和丈夫设计建造了这种拥抱亭。
安柏说：“养老院居民乐开了花。那天是其中一位居民的生日。为了庆祝生日，我们建造了拥抱亭，家人得以前来拥抱寿星。拥抱亭让养老院居民们精神大振。”
采用拥抱亭的“无限关怀小屋”养老院的老板巴克·巴克霍尔茨说，老人的家人们也很兴奋。
他说：“很快，他们的家人们就纷纷询问：‘你们什么时候可以在这个屋子安装拥抱亭？什么时候？我们何时能有一个拥抱亭？’”
安柏说，她和丈夫的设计使其能无间隙地嵌入标准的门中，使用的建筑材料令新冠病毒无法入侵，让家人们可以安全地拥抱彼此。
“触摸的力量太强大了，因为自从三月以来这些养老院居民和他们的家人就没有触摸和拥抱过对方。通过拥抱亭，我们可以为他们创造一个伸手拥抱的机会。这个机会很棒，还带来了许多欢乐。”
到目前为止克伦肖一家只和“无限关怀小屋”合作过，但他们表示德州的其他感兴趣的养老院也联系了他们。
英文来源：福克斯新闻网
翻译&编辑：丹妮 |
近来，Cancel Culture在美国媒体和知识界引起了广泛讨论。
Markus Winkler@markuswinkler/unsplash
《哈利波特》作者J.K.罗琳和著名语言学家乔姆斯基等名人联署发表在7月7日《哈泼斯》（Harper’s）杂志上的《关于正义与公开辩论的公开信》（A Letter on Justice and Open Debate）将这一讨论推向了顶峰。
罗琳等人认为，这种“抵制文化”钳制了他们的言论自由，令许多异见者受到“寒蝉效应”的影响，不敢发声。
罗琳此前因为疑似有言论冒犯了跨性别群体而遭到许多粉丝脱粉。类似地，歌手Lana Del Rey（打雷姐）也因为疑似有歌词美化家暴而受到讨伐。
Cancel的本意是“取消”，但它被引申为：抵制或封杀。
在这个公众人物好似商品的时代，对某个人说 “you are cancelled（你被取消/抵制/拉黑了）” 有一种取消订阅的感觉。放到中文的语境中，有一点“取关”、“粉转黑”、或者“路转黑”的意思。
Urban Dictionary在2018年3月就有了相关的释义，表示个体对不认同的人或事取消关注，进行抵制。
To dismiss something/somebody. To reject an individual or an idea.
拒绝接受某事/某人。拒绝一个个人或者想法。
到了2020年2月，Urban Dictionary关于cancel sb的新释义就有了公共性，往往是个人或机构因言论或行为具有冒犯意味（往往是对少数群体的冒犯），而遭到某种集体抵制。
A desire to cancel out a person or community from social media platforms.
一种想要将某人或某个群体开除出社交媒体平台的欲望。
韦氏词典也给出了比较权威的解释：
To cancel someone (usually a celebrity or other well-known figure) means to stop giving support to that person. The act of canceling could entail boycotting an actor’s movies or no longer reading or promoting a writer’s works.
抵制某人（通常是名人）意味着停止支持此人。取消的行为可能包括抵制演员的电影或不再阅读或宣传作家的作品。
公众人物被抵制的原因非常的多。
The reason for cancellation can vary, but it usually is due to the person in question having expressed an objectionable opinion, or having conducted themselves in a way that is unacceptable, so that continuing to patronize that person’s work leaves a bitter taste.
抵制的理由可能各不相同，但通常是由于他们表达了令人不快的意见，或曾以不可接受的方式行事，因此继续喜欢这个人的作品会很不自在。
早在2017年，性骚扰受害者站出来指控好莱坞大亨哈维·韦恩斯坦就在社交媒体掀起了#MeToo运动。这一运动也有“抵制文化”的影子。
前段时间在BLM (Black Lives Matter“黑命攸关”)运动中，被抵制的还有诸多雕像。双语君曾在文章中提到过众多被涂鸦和推倒的雕像，其中包括丘吉尔。
Activists calling for the removal of statues like Confederate general Robert E Lee and Italian explorer Christopher Columbus have said these monuments glorify in lieu of teaching people about history.
呼吁拆除南部邦联将军罗伯特·E·李和意大利探险家克里斯托弗·哥伦布等雕像的活动人士说，这些纪念碑不是在教授人们历史知识，而是美化了屈辱历史。
反对“抵制文化”的人们认为，“抵制文化”本身威胁到了言论自由，使得持有不同意见的人不敢发声。
美国前总统奥巴马就表示过对“抵制文化”的担忧。
Last October, former President Barack Obama challenged cancel culture and the idea of being "woke" - a term describing being alert to injustices and what's going on in the community - saying change was complex.
去年10月，美国前总统奥巴马对“抵制文化”和“警醒——改词”这一概念表达了质疑，称变革应是复杂的。
"I get a sense among certain young people on social media that the way of making change is to be as judgmental as possible about other people," Mr Obama said. "The world is messy. There are ambiguities. People who do really good stuff have flaws."
奥巴马表示：“我在社交媒体上的某些年轻人身上感觉到，他们推动变革的方式是尽可能对其他人轻易指手画脚。这世界本就一团糟，有一些模糊地带，人无完人。”
支持“抵制文化”的“警醒人士(woke brigade)”不同意奥巴马这类言论。
他们认为“抵制文化”实际上是一种正当问责。他们还认为言论自由不代表言论无后果，cancelling somebody是一种问责。
《时代》专栏作家Sarah Hagi就表示“抵制文化”这个词本身就是反对人士造出来用来污名化“警醒人士”用的。
Sarah Hagi said those "whose privilege has historically shielded them from public scrutiny" turned to phrases like cancel culture to "delegitimize the criticism".
莎拉·哈吉（Sarah Hagi）说，那些人“的特权使得他们从来无需受到公众检视，现在他们用‘抵制文化’这样的词来取消我们对他们的批判的合法性”。
自由撰稿人，斯坦福大学统计学博士，原谷歌风投（GV）技术合伙人张拓木认为“抵制文化”的两头力量，争夺的正是这个设定言论边界的权力。比方说，两头都同意要抵制实施性骚扰的公众人物，但在衡量其他议题和言论的冒犯性上，二者有分歧。
Notes
dismiss [dɪsˈmɪs] v
拒绝接受，不承认；抛弃
boycott [ˈbɔɪkɒt] v
联合抵制
objectionable [əbˈdʒekʃənəbl] adj
引起反对的；令人不快的
patronize [ˈpeɪtrənaɪz] v
光顾，惠顾
lieu [luː] n
顶替；替代
judgmental [dʒʌdʒˈmentl] adj
轻率评价的；动辄评头论足的；动辄指责人的
scrutiny [ˈskruːtəni] n
仔细的观察；监督
delegitimize [dɪlɪˈdʒɪtəmaɪz] v
使失去法律效力：宣告…的法律或合法地位的无效
编辑：李雪晴
实习生：汪嘉恒
来源: NewsLab Urban Dictionary Merriam-Webster Dictionary BBC | Markus Winkler@markuswinkler/unsplash
To dismiss something/somebody. To reject an individual or an idea.
A desire to cancel out a person or community from social media platforms.
To cancel someone (usually a celebrity or other well-known figure) means to stop giving support to that person. The act of canceling could entail boycotting an actor’s movies or no longer reading or promoting a writer’s works.
The reason for cancellation can vary, but it usually is due to the person in question having expressed an objectionable opinion, or having conducted themselves in a way that is unacceptable, so that continuing to patronize that person’s work leaves a bitter taste.
Activists calling for the removal of statues like Confederate general Robert E Lee and Italian explorer Christopher Columbus have said these monuments glorify in lieu of teaching people about history.
Last October, former President Barack Obama challenged cancel culture and the idea of being "woke" - a term describing being alert to injustices and what's going on in the community - saying change was complex.
"I get a sense among certain young people on social media that the way of making change is to be as judgmental as possible about other people," Mr Obama said. "The world is messy. There are ambiguities. People who do really good stuff have flaws."
Sarah Hagi said those "whose privilege has historically shielded them from public scrutiny" turned to phrases like cancel culture to "delegitimize the criticism".
Notes | 近来，Cancel Culture在美国媒体和知识界引起了广泛讨论。
《哈利波特》作者J.K.罗琳和著名语言学家乔姆斯基等名人联署发表在7月7日《哈泼斯》（Harper’s）杂志上的《关于正义与公开辩论的公开信》（A Letter on Justice and Open Debate）将这一讨论推向了顶峰。
罗琳等人认为，这种“抵制文化”钳制了他们的言论自由，令许多异见者受到“寒蝉效应”的影响，不敢发声。
罗琳此前因为疑似有言论冒犯了跨性别群体而遭到许多粉丝脱粉。类似地，歌手Lana Del Rey（打雷姐）也因为疑似有歌词美化家暴而受到讨伐。
Cancel的本意是“取消”，但它被引申为：抵制或封杀。
在这个公众人物好似商品的时代，对某个人说 “you are cancelled（你被取消/抵制/拉黑了）” 有一种取消订阅的感觉。放到中文的语境中，有一点“取关”、“粉转黑”、或者“路转黑”的意思。
Urban Dictionary在2018年3月就有了相关的释义，表示个体对不认同的人或事取消关注，进行抵制。
拒绝接受某事/某人。拒绝一个个人或者想法。
到了2020年2月，Urban Dictionary关于cancel sb的新释义就有了公共性，往往是个人或机构因言论或行为具有冒犯意味（往往是对少数群体的冒犯），而遭到某种集体抵制。
一种想要将某人或某个群体开除出社交媒体平台的欲望。
韦氏词典也给出了比较权威的解释：
抵制某人（通常是名人）意味着停止支持此人。取消的行为可能包括抵制演员的电影或不再阅读或宣传作家的作品。
公众人物被抵制的原因非常的多。
抵制的理由可能各不相同，但通常是由于他们表达了令人不快的意见，或曾以不可接受的方式行事，因此继续喜欢这个人的作品会很不自在。
早在2017年，性骚扰受害者站出来指控好莱坞大亨哈维·韦恩斯坦就在社交媒体掀起了#MeToo运动。这一运动也有“抵制文化”的影子。
前段时间在BLM (Black Lives Matter“黑命攸关”)运动中，被抵制的还有诸多雕像。双语君曾在文章中提到过众多被涂鸦和推倒的雕像，其中包括丘吉尔。
呼吁拆除南部邦联将军罗伯特·E·李和意大利探险家克里斯托弗·哥伦布等雕像的活动人士说，这些纪念碑不是在教授人们历史知识，而是美化了屈辱历史。
反对“抵制文化”的人们认为，“抵制文化”本身威胁到了言论自由，使得持有不同意见的人不敢发声。
美国前总统奥巴马就表示过对“抵制文化”的担忧。
去年10月，美国前总统奥巴马对“抵制文化”和“警醒——改词”这一概念表达了质疑，称变革应是复杂的。
奥巴马表示：“我在社交媒体上的某些年轻人身上感觉到，他们推动变革的方式是尽可能对其他人轻易指手画脚。这世界本就一团糟，有一些模糊地带，人无完人。”
支持“抵制文化”的“警醒人士(woke brigade)”不同意奥巴马这类言论。
他们认为“抵制文化”实际上是一种正当问责。他们还认为言论自由不代表言论无后果，cancelling somebody是一种问责。
《时代》专栏作家Sarah Hagi就表示“抵制文化”这个词本身就是反对人士造出来用来污名化“警醒人士”用的。
莎拉·哈吉（Sarah Hagi）说，那些人“的特权使得他们从来无需受到公众检视，现在他们用‘抵制文化’这样的词来取消我们对他们的批判的合法性”。
自由撰稿人，斯坦福大学统计学博士，原谷歌风投（GV）技术合伙人张拓木认为“抵制文化”的两头力量，争夺的正是这个设定言论边界的权力。比方说，两头都同意要抵制实施性骚扰的公众人物，但在衡量其他议题和言论的冒犯性上，二者有分歧。
dismiss [dɪsˈmɪs] v
拒绝接受，不承认；抛弃
boycott [ˈbɔɪkɒt] v
联合抵制
objectionable [əbˈdʒekʃənəbl] adj
引起反对的；令人不快的
patronize [ˈpeɪtrənaɪz] v
光顾，惠顾
lieu [luː] n
顶替；替代
judgmental [dʒʌdʒˈmentl] adj
轻率评价的；动辄评头论足的；动辄指责人的
scrutiny [ˈskruːtəni] n
仔细的观察；监督
delegitimize [dɪlɪˈdʒɪtəmaɪz] v
使失去法律效力：宣告…的法律或合法地位的无效
编辑：李雪晴
实习生：汪嘉恒
来源: NewsLab Urban Dictionary Merriam-Webster Dictionary BBC |
巴西副总统莫朗当地时间3日在一个视频会议上表示，巴西不担心美方的威胁和施压，不会阻止华为参与该国的5G建设竞标，华为公司掌握的技术远超其它竞争对手。
Brazil's Vice-President Hamilton Mourao [Photo/Agencies]
Brazilian Vice President Hamilton Mourao on Monday defended Chinese technology company Huawei's participation in the bidding process to build Brazil's 5G internet network, arguing that Huawei is well positioned for the task.
8月3日，巴西副总统汉密尔顿·莫朗为中国华为技术公司参与建设巴西5G互联网网络的竞标辩护，称华为很适合这项工程。
莫朗在会议中还表示，法律并不允许禁止华为参与竞标，且华为具有非常强的竞争优势。
"Our legislation on participating in a bid is clear: no one can be prohibited," said Mourao, adding the only thing the company must do is to "demonstrate its transparency (in keeping) with the rules that will be established" for the process."
莫朗说：“我们关于竞标的法律是很明确的：任何公司都不能被禁止。”他补充说，公司唯一必须做的就是在竞标过程中“按照即将建立的规则保持透明度 ”。
"Huawei has capacity above its competitors and we do not yet see U.S. companies capable of defeating international competition," Mourao said during a videoconference with foreign correspondents in Sao Paulo.
莫朗在圣保罗与外国记者举行视频会议时说：“华为具有超越竞争对手的能力，并且我们还没有看到能够赢得这场国际竞争的美国公司。
美国大使威胁巴西
此前，美国驻巴西大使查普曼（Todd Chapman）在巴西《环球报》29日发布的采访报道中表示，如果巴西违背美国的建议选择了华为这家中国公司，“我不会说会面临报复，但会有后果”。
US Ambassador Todd Chapman told O Globo that Brazil would not face reprisals for picking Huawei, but could face consequences.
《环球报》称，查普曼表示，“技术必须解放人民而不是压制人民”。他宣称美国的立场是向“像巴西这样的盟友”拉响警报，“要知道我们与谁合作”。
作为拉丁美洲人口最多的国家，巴西是华为进军拉美的重要市场。
在过去22年里，华为在巴西的影响力不断增强，数据显示，巴西超过三分之一的4G网络使用华为的设备。
[Photo/IC]
本月初，华为网络安全解决方案部门主管莫塔（Marcelo Motta）曾表示，如果巴西屈服于美国的压力而限制华为，那么该国部署5G网络的计划可能会延迟数年，并将面临更高的成本。
“In places where there have been restrictions on Huawei we have seen prices rise two to five times, often making business unfeasible for operators,” Motta said.
莫塔说：“在华为受到限制的地方，价格上涨了2到5倍，往往导致使运营商无法开展业务。”
He noted that Brazil already faced the challenge of expanding its existing infrastructure. Changing the supplier would require carriers to replace equipment already installed instead of simply upgrading the existing ones.
他指出，巴西正面临着扩大现有基础设施的考验。更换供应商意味着运营商要更换已经安装的设备，而不仅是升级现有设备那么简单。
莫塔强调，美国指责华为的设备可能容易受到窃听没有依据（US accusations that Huawei’s gear could be vulnerable to Chinese eavesdropping are unfounded）。
美方威胁失效
美国总统特朗普于去年6月就曾极力劝阻拉美多国领导人，迫使他们放弃使用华为5G产品。
然而，多个拉美国家均无视美方警告和威胁，选择与华为开展不同程度的合作。
智利总统皮涅拉去年4月曾表示欢迎华为参与智利的5G网络建设，阿根廷首个5G网络公测是由华为提供技术支持，乌拉圭也已于去年8月与华为签署战略合作谅解备忘录。
巴西原定于今年3月开始5G建设招标，但由于新冠肺炎疫情的影响，招标时间被推迟至2021年，这也让巴西在全球5G建设进展中落后于其他拉美国家。
今年1月9日，目前负责制定巴西5G建设标准的巴西科技创新和通信部部长马科斯·庞特斯接受媒体采访时也曾表示，巴西不会阻止任何公司进入5G招标程序，最终5G建设资格花落谁家，取决于各个公司的技术优势。
编辑：陈月华
实习生：汪嘉恒
来源：路透社 环球报 环球时报 | Brazil's Vice-President Hamilton Mourao [Photo/Agencies]
Brazilian Vice President Hamilton Mourao on Monday defended Chinese technology company Huawei's participation in the bidding process to build Brazil's 5G internet network, arguing that Huawei is well positioned for the task.
"Our legislation on participating in a bid is clear: no one can be prohibited," said Mourao, adding the only thing the company must do is to "demonstrate its transparency (in keeping) with the rules that will be established" for the process."
"Huawei has capacity above its competitors and we do not yet see U.S. companies capable of defeating international competition," Mourao said during a videoconference with foreign correspondents in Sao Paulo.
US Ambassador Todd Chapman told O Globo that Brazil would not face reprisals for picking Huawei, but could face consequences.
[Photo/IC]
“In places where there have been restrictions on Huawei we have seen prices rise two to five times, often making business unfeasible for operators,” Motta said.
He noted that Brazil already faced the challenge of expanding its existing infrastructure. Changing the supplier would require carriers to replace equipment already installed instead of simply upgrading the existing ones. | 巴西副总统莫朗当地时间3日在一个视频会议上表示，巴西不担心美方的威胁和施压，不会阻止华为参与该国的5G建设竞标，华为公司掌握的技术远超其它竞争对手。
8月3日，巴西副总统汉密尔顿·莫朗为中国华为技术公司参与建设巴西5G互联网网络的竞标辩护，称华为很适合这项工程。
莫朗在会议中还表示，法律并不允许禁止华为参与竞标，且华为具有非常强的竞争优势。
莫朗说：“我们关于竞标的法律是很明确的：任何公司都不能被禁止。”他补充说，公司唯一必须做的就是在竞标过程中“按照即将建立的规则保持透明度 ”。
莫朗在圣保罗与外国记者举行视频会议时说：“华为具有超越竞争对手的能力，并且我们还没有看到能够赢得这场国际竞争的美国公司。
美国大使威胁巴西
此前，美国驻巴西大使查普曼（Todd Chapman）在巴西《环球报》29日发布的采访报道中表示，如果巴西违背美国的建议选择了华为这家中国公司，“我不会说会面临报复，但会有后果”。
《环球报》称，查普曼表示，“技术必须解放人民而不是压制人民”。他宣称美国的立场是向“像巴西这样的盟友”拉响警报，“要知道我们与谁合作”。
作为拉丁美洲人口最多的国家，巴西是华为进军拉美的重要市场。
在过去22年里，华为在巴西的影响力不断增强，数据显示，巴西超过三分之一的4G网络使用华为的设备。
本月初，华为网络安全解决方案部门主管莫塔（Marcelo Motta）曾表示，如果巴西屈服于美国的压力而限制华为，那么该国部署5G网络的计划可能会延迟数年，并将面临更高的成本。
莫塔说：“在华为受到限制的地方，价格上涨了2到5倍，往往导致使运营商无法开展业务。”
他指出，巴西正面临着扩大现有基础设施的考验。更换供应商意味着运营商要更换已经安装的设备，而不仅是升级现有设备那么简单。
莫塔强调，美国指责华为的设备可能容易受到窃听没有依据（US accusations that Huawei’s gear could be vulnerable to Chinese eavesdropping are unfounded）。
美方威胁失效
美国总统特朗普于去年6月就曾极力劝阻拉美多国领导人，迫使他们放弃使用华为5G产品。
然而，多个拉美国家均无视美方警告和威胁，选择与华为开展不同程度的合作。
智利总统皮涅拉去年4月曾表示欢迎华为参与智利的5G网络建设，阿根廷首个5G网络公测是由华为提供技术支持，乌拉圭也已于去年8月与华为签署战略合作谅解备忘录。
巴西原定于今年3月开始5G建设招标，但由于新冠肺炎疫情的影响，招标时间被推迟至2021年，这也让巴西在全球5G建设进展中落后于其他拉美国家。
今年1月9日，目前负责制定巴西5G建设标准的巴西科技创新和通信部部长马科斯·庞特斯接受媒体采访时也曾表示，巴西不会阻止任何公司进入5G招标程序，最终5G建设资格花落谁家，取决于各个公司的技术优势。
编辑：陈月华
实习生：汪嘉恒
来源：路透社 环球报 环球时报 |
新冠肺炎疫情正在美国洛杉矶肆虐，但当地仍有不少民众无视防疫规定在房屋内举行大型聚会。为了对付一些“不听话”的民众，该市想出了新招：给举行大型聚会的房屋断水断电。
Shaun Montero@notsazuki/unsplash
The mayor of Los Angeles has said the city will be authorised to shut off water and power to properties where large parties and gatherings are held despite restrictions imposed to curb the spread of coronavirus.
洛杉矶市长表示，该市将被授权切断大型聚会和集会场所的水电供应，尽管已采取了限制新冠病毒传播的措施。
The order targets repeat offenders who have hosted large gatherings several times during the pandemic, Mayor Eric Garcetti said Wednesday.
市长埃里克·加希提周三（8月5日）表示，该命令针对的是那些在疫情期间多次举办大型聚会的“惯犯”。
It's meant to deter them from hosting parties or events in the future, during a period of the pandemic when California continues to lead the country in coronavirus cases.
这是为了阻止他们今后在疫情期间举办聚会或活动。加州的新冠肺炎确诊病例在美国各州仍处于前列。
Eric Garcetti said house parties had become "nightclubs in the hills" and that the focus would be on gatherings "posing significant public dangers".
埃里克·加希提说，家庭聚会已经变成了“山上的夜总会”，这项措施的重点将放在那些“对公众构成重大危险”的聚会上。
The rule comes into force on Friday.
该规定将于周五（8月7日）生效。
Starting this Friday, if the Los Angeles Police Department responds and confirms that a large gathering is taking place at a property, they'll give notice and request that the city's Department of Water and Power shuts off service to that property within the next two days.
从周五（8月7日）开始，如果洛杉矶市警察局做出回应并证实某处房产正在举行大规模聚会，他们将发出通知，并要求该市水电局在未来两天内切断涉事场所的服务。
"This enforcement is not focused on small and ordinary gatherings in people's homes. These are focused on the people determined to break the rules, posing significant public dangers and a threat to all of us," Garcetti said during a Covid-19 news conference.
加希提在一次新冠肺炎疫情发布会上说：“这一强制措施并不针对人们家中的小型和普通聚会。这些都是针对那些决心打破规则的人，他们对公众构成了重大危险，对我们所有人都构成了威胁。”
Garcetti called the parties "super-spreader events," attended by "super-spreader people."
加希提称这些派对为“超级传播者”参加的“超级传播活动”。
California is the worst-affected US state with over 532,000 Covid-19 cases.
加州是美国受新冠疫情影响最严重的州，新冠肺炎确诊病例超过53.2万例。
State authorities have also reported 9,872 deaths resulting from coronavirus.
据加州当局的数据，该州新冠肺炎死亡病例有9872例。
Los Angeles county continues to report the highest number of infections in the state - 197,912 as of Wednesday.
洛杉矶县报告的感染病例数仍然是全州最高的，截至周三（8月5日），这一数字为19万7912例。
Partying has become a problem in Los Angeles, where cases have surged in the weeks since California reopened. Gov. Gavin Newsom said in late July that coronavirus was on track to become the second-leading cause of death in Los Angeles County, after heart disease.
派对已经成为洛杉矶的一个问题，洛杉矶的新冠肺炎确诊病例在加州重新开放的数周内激增。州长加文·纽瑟姆在7月下旬表示，新冠肺炎有可能成为洛杉矶县仅次于心脏病的第二大死亡原因。
Last month California Governor Gavin Newsom ordered an immediate halt to indoor activities at restaurants, bars and entertainment venues.
上个月，加州州长加文·纽瑟姆下令立即停止餐馆、酒吧和娱乐场所的室内活动。
But Los Angeles authorities have reported a string of house parties thrown during the pandemic. Earlier this week, a woman was fatally shot at a party in the city's Beverly Crest neighbourhood, where around 200 people had attended.
但洛杉矶当局表示，人们在疫情期间举行了多次家庭聚会。本周早些时候，一名女子在贝弗利克雷斯特社区的一场派对上被枪杀，当时约有200人参加了这场派对。
Mayor Garcetti told reporters that parties are often taking place at homes that are vacant or used for short-term rentals.
加希提市长对记者说，派对通常在空置或用于短期租赁的房屋中举行。
"The consequences of these large parties ripple far beyond these parties," he said. "They ripple throughout our entire community because the virus can quickly and easily spread."
他说：“这些大型派对的影响远远超出了派对本身。它们会在我们整个社区产生连锁反应，因为新冠病毒可以迅速而容易地传播。”
英文来源：BBC、CNN
翻译&编辑：yaning | Shaun Montero@notsazuki/unsplash
The mayor of Los Angeles has said the city will be authorised to shut off water and power to properties where large parties and gatherings are held despite restrictions imposed to curb the spread of coronavirus.
The order targets repeat offenders who have hosted large gatherings several times during the pandemic, Mayor Eric Garcetti said Wednesday.
It's meant to deter them from hosting parties or events in the future, during a period of the pandemic when California continues to lead the country in coronavirus cases.
Eric Garcetti said house parties had become "nightclubs in the hills" and that the focus would be on gatherings "posing significant public dangers".
The rule comes into force on Friday.
Starting this Friday, if the Los Angeles Police Department responds and confirms that a large gathering is taking place at a property, they'll give notice and request that the city's Department of Water and Power shuts off service to that property within the next two days.
"This enforcement is not focused on small and ordinary gatherings in people's homes. These are focused on the people determined to break the rules, posing significant public dangers and a threat to all of us," Garcetti said during a Covid-19 news conference.
Garcetti called the parties "super-spreader events," attended by "super-spreader people."
California is the worst-affected US state with over 532,000 Covid-19 cases.
State authorities have also reported 9,872 deaths resulting from coronavirus.
Los Angeles county continues to report the highest number of infections in the state - 197,912 as of Wednesday.
Partying has become a problem in Los Angeles, where cases have surged in the weeks since California reopened. Gov. Gavin Newsom said in late July that coronavirus was on track to become the second-leading cause of death in Los Angeles County, after heart disease.
Last month California Governor Gavin Newsom ordered an immediate halt to indoor activities at restaurants, bars and entertainment venues.
But Los Angeles authorities have reported a string of house parties thrown during the pandemic. Earlier this week, a woman was fatally shot at a party in the city's Beverly Crest neighbourhood, where around 200 people had attended.
Mayor Garcetti told reporters that parties are often taking place at homes that are vacant or used for short-term rentals.
"The consequences of these large parties ripple far beyond these parties," he said. "They ripple throughout our entire community because the virus can quickly and easily spread." | 新冠肺炎疫情正在美国洛杉矶肆虐，但当地仍有不少民众无视防疫规定在房屋内举行大型聚会。为了对付一些“不听话”的民众，该市想出了新招：给举行大型聚会的房屋断水断电。
洛杉矶市长表示，该市将被授权切断大型聚会和集会场所的水电供应，尽管已采取了限制新冠病毒传播的措施。
市长埃里克·加希提周三（8月5日）表示，该命令针对的是那些在疫情期间多次举办大型聚会的“惯犯”。
这是为了阻止他们今后在疫情期间举办聚会或活动。加州的新冠肺炎确诊病例在美国各州仍处于前列。
埃里克·加希提说，家庭聚会已经变成了“山上的夜总会”，这项措施的重点将放在那些“对公众构成重大危险”的聚会上。
该规定将于周五（8月7日）生效。
从周五（8月7日）开始，如果洛杉矶市警察局做出回应并证实某处房产正在举行大规模聚会，他们将发出通知，并要求该市水电局在未来两天内切断涉事场所的服务。
加希提在一次新冠肺炎疫情发布会上说：“这一强制措施并不针对人们家中的小型和普通聚会。这些都是针对那些决心打破规则的人，他们对公众构成了重大危险，对我们所有人都构成了威胁。”
加希提称这些派对为“超级传播者”参加的“超级传播活动”。
加州是美国受新冠疫情影响最严重的州，新冠肺炎确诊病例超过53.2万例。
据加州当局的数据，该州新冠肺炎死亡病例有9872例。
洛杉矶县报告的感染病例数仍然是全州最高的，截至周三（8月5日），这一数字为19万7912例。
派对已经成为洛杉矶的一个问题，洛杉矶的新冠肺炎确诊病例在加州重新开放的数周内激增。州长加文·纽瑟姆在7月下旬表示，新冠肺炎有可能成为洛杉矶县仅次于心脏病的第二大死亡原因。
上个月，加州州长加文·纽瑟姆下令立即停止餐馆、酒吧和娱乐场所的室内活动。
但洛杉矶当局表示，人们在疫情期间举行了多次家庭聚会。本周早些时候，一名女子在贝弗利克雷斯特社区的一场派对上被枪杀，当时约有200人参加了这场派对。
加希提市长对记者说，派对通常在空置或用于短期租赁的房屋中举行。
他说：“这些大型派对的影响远远超出了派对本身。它们会在我们整个社区产生连锁反应，因为新冠病毒可以迅速而容易地传播。”
英文来源：BBC、CNN
翻译&编辑：yaning |
一直以来，大家都认为减肥就是“少吃多运动”，但是加拿大新发布的临床指南指出，治疗肥胖更应该关注肥胖的根源，尤其要杜绝对肥胖者的歧视。
Photo by Siora Photography on Unsplash
Obesity should be defined by a person's health - not just their weight, says a new Canadian clinical guideline.
加拿大的一份新临床指南称，肥胖与否应该视健康状况而定，而不只是体重。
It also advises doctors to go beyond simply recommending diet and exercise. Instead, they should focus on the root causes of weight gain and take a holistic approach to health.
该指南还建议医生不要只是就膳食和锻炼给出医嘱，而应该关注肥胖的根源，从整体的视角来看待健康问题。
The guideline, which was published in the
Canadian Medical Association Journal
on Tuesday, specifically admonished weight-related stigma against patients in the health system.
8月4日发表在《加拿大医学协会期刊》上的这一指南特别对医疗系统中针对肥胖症患者的歧视发出了警告。
Ximena Ramos-Salas, the director of research and policy at Obesity Canada and one of the guideline's authors, said research shows many doctors discriminate against obese patients, and that can lead to worse health outcomes irrespective of their weight.
该指南的作者之一、加拿大肥胖组织的研究和政策主任西米娜·拉莫斯-萨拉斯称，研究显示许多医生都歧视肥胖症患者，而这种歧视会令健康恶化，无论患者体重多少。
"Weight bias is not just about believing the wrong thing about obesity," she told the BBC. "Weight bias actually has an effect on the behaviour of healthcare practitioners."
她告诉BBC说：“体重歧视不仅是对肥胖有误解，实际上还会对保健医师的行为产生影响。”
The rate of obesity has tripled over the past three decades in Canada, and now about one in four Canadians is obese according to Statistics Canada.
过去三十年间，加拿大的肥胖率上升了两倍，根据加拿大统计局的数据，现在约有四分之一的加拿大人是肥胖者。
Although the latest advice still recommends using diagnostic criteria like the body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference, it acknowledges their clinical limitations and says doctors should focus more on how weight impacts a person's health.
尽管最新指南仍建议人们采用身体质量指数和腰围来作为诊断标准，但指南承认了临床治疗的局限性，并表示医生应该更多地关注体重是如何影响一个人的健康的。
Small reductions in weight, of about 3-5%, can lead to health improvements and an obese person's "best weight" might not be their "ideal weight" according to BMI, the guideline says.
指南指出，体重微降（大约3%到5%）可以改善健康，而且一个肥胖者的“最佳体重”可能不是他们根据身体质量指数算出的“理想体重”。
It emphasises that obesity is a complex, chronic condition that needs lifelong management.
指南强调，肥胖是一个需要终生管理的复杂的慢性病。
"For a long time we've associated obesity as a lifestyle behaviour... It's been a lot of shame and blame before," Ms Ramos-Salas says.
拉莫斯-萨拉斯女士称：“长时间以来我们一直将肥胖与生活方式关联在一起……肥胖在过去伴随着许多耻辱和责备。”
"People living with obesity need support like people living with any other chronic disease."
“患有肥胖症的人需要和患有其他慢性病的人一样的支持。”
But instead of simply advising patients to "eat less, move more", the guideline encourages doctors to provide supports along the lines of psychological therapy, medication and bariatric surgery like gastric-bypass surgery.
这一指南没有简单地建议肥胖患者“少吃多动”，而是鼓励医生提供心理治疗、药物治疗和胃分流术等减肥手术这样的支持。
The guideline doesn't completely do away with standard weight-loss advice.
不过该指南也没有完全舍弃标准的减肥建议。
"All individuals, regardless of body size or composition, would benefit from adopting a healthy, well-balanced eating pattern and engaging in regular physical activity," it says.
指南称：“所有个体，无论是什么体型或体质，都会从健康平衡的饮食习惯和定期运动中获益。”
However, it notes that keeping the weight off is often difficult because the brain will compensate by feeling more hungry, thus encouraging people to eat more.
但是，它指出，减肥通常很困难，因为大脑会通过饥饿感来补偿，从而鼓励人们吃更多东西。
Many studies have shown that most people who lose weight on a diet gain it back.
许多研究都显示，大多数通过节食来减肥的人后来体重又反弹了。
"Diets don't work," Ms Ramos-Salas says.
拉莫斯-萨拉斯女士称：“节食没有用。”
Physicians should also ask permission before discussing a patient's weight, and work with them to focus on health goals that matter to them, instead of just telling them to cut calories.
医生应该先征得允许才能讨论患者的体重，并和患者一起关注对其有意义的健康目标，而不只是让他们少吃。
英文来源：BBC
翻译&编辑：丹妮 | Photo by Siora Photography on Unsplash
Obesity should be defined by a person's health - not just their weight, says a new Canadian clinical guideline.
It also advises doctors to go beyond simply recommending diet and exercise. Instead, they should focus on the root causes of weight gain and take a holistic approach to health.
The guideline, which was published in the
Canadian Medical Association Journal
on Tuesday, specifically admonished weight-related stigma against patients in the health system.
Ximena Ramos-Salas, the director of research and policy at Obesity Canada and one of the guideline's authors, said research shows many doctors discriminate against obese patients, and that can lead to worse health outcomes irrespective of their weight.
"Weight bias is not just about believing the wrong thing about obesity," she told the BBC. "Weight bias actually has an effect on the behaviour of healthcare practitioners."
The rate of obesity has tripled over the past three decades in Canada, and now about one in four Canadians is obese according to Statistics Canada.
Although the latest advice still recommends using diagnostic criteria like the body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference, it acknowledges their clinical limitations and says doctors should focus more on how weight impacts a person's health.
Small reductions in weight, of about 3-5%, can lead to health improvements and an obese person's "best weight" might not be their "ideal weight" according to BMI, the guideline says.
It emphasises that obesity is a complex, chronic condition that needs lifelong management.
"For a long time we've associated obesity as a lifestyle behaviour... It's been a lot of shame and blame before," Ms Ramos-Salas says.
"People living with obesity need support like people living with any other chronic disease."
But instead of simply advising patients to "eat less, move more", the guideline encourages doctors to provide supports along the lines of psychological therapy, medication and bariatric surgery like gastric-bypass surgery.
The guideline doesn't completely do away with standard weight-loss advice.
"All individuals, regardless of body size or composition, would benefit from adopting a healthy, well-balanced eating pattern and engaging in regular physical activity," it says.
However, it notes that keeping the weight off is often difficult because the brain will compensate by feeling more hungry, thus encouraging people to eat more.
Many studies have shown that most people who lose weight on a diet gain it back.
"Diets don't work," Ms Ramos-Salas says.
Physicians should also ask permission before discussing a patient's weight, and work with them to focus on health goals that matter to them, instead of just telling them to cut calories. | 一直以来，大家都认为减肥就是“少吃多运动”，但是加拿大新发布的临床指南指出，治疗肥胖更应该关注肥胖的根源，尤其要杜绝对肥胖者的歧视。
加拿大的一份新临床指南称，肥胖与否应该视健康状况而定，而不只是体重。
该指南还建议医生不要只是就膳食和锻炼给出医嘱，而应该关注肥胖的根源，从整体的视角来看待健康问题。
8月4日发表在《加拿大医学协会期刊》上的这一指南特别对医疗系统中针对肥胖症患者的歧视发出了警告。
该指南的作者之一、加拿大肥胖组织的研究和政策主任西米娜·拉莫斯-萨拉斯称，研究显示许多医生都歧视肥胖症患者，而这种歧视会令健康恶化，无论患者体重多少。
她告诉BBC说：“体重歧视不仅是对肥胖有误解，实际上还会对保健医师的行为产生影响。”
过去三十年间，加拿大的肥胖率上升了两倍，根据加拿大统计局的数据，现在约有四分之一的加拿大人是肥胖者。
尽管最新指南仍建议人们采用身体质量指数和腰围来作为诊断标准，但指南承认了临床治疗的局限性，并表示医生应该更多地关注体重是如何影响一个人的健康的。
指南指出，体重微降（大约3%到5%）可以改善健康，而且一个肥胖者的“最佳体重”可能不是他们根据身体质量指数算出的“理想体重”。
指南强调，肥胖是一个需要终生管理的复杂的慢性病。
拉莫斯-萨拉斯女士称：“长时间以来我们一直将肥胖与生活方式关联在一起……肥胖在过去伴随着许多耻辱和责备。”
“患有肥胖症的人需要和患有其他慢性病的人一样的支持。”
这一指南没有简单地建议肥胖患者“少吃多动”，而是鼓励医生提供心理治疗、药物治疗和胃分流术等减肥手术这样的支持。
不过该指南也没有完全舍弃标准的减肥建议。
指南称：“所有个体，无论是什么体型或体质，都会从健康平衡的饮食习惯和定期运动中获益。”
但是，它指出，减肥通常很困难，因为大脑会通过饥饿感来补偿，从而鼓励人们吃更多东西。
许多研究都显示，大多数通过节食来减肥的人后来体重又反弹了。
拉莫斯-萨拉斯女士称：“节食没有用。”
医生应该先征得允许才能讨论患者的体重，并和患者一起关注对其有意义的健康目标，而不只是让他们少吃。
英文来源：BBC
翻译&编辑：丹妮 |
新加坡近日首次发布针对行人的行为规定，要求行人尽量走人行道并靠道路左边走，同时对周围环境保持警惕，避免使用手机或听音乐。
Lily Banse@lvnatikk/unsplash
Pedestrians are urged to stay away, if possible, from paths they have to share with cyclists. But if they must use these shared paths, they are advised to keep left unless they are overtaking another pedestrian.
行人被敦促尽可能远离与骑自行车者共用的道路。但如果他们必须使用这些共用的道路，建议他们靠道路左边走，除非他们正在超过另一位行人。
Another good practice the authorities want pedestrians to adopt is to refrain from using their mobile phones while walking on shared paths.
当局希望行人采取的另一个好的做法是，在共用道路上行走时不要使用手机。
These are some of the suggested habits set out by the Land Transport Authority (LTA) in Singapore's first code of conduct for pedestrians. It came into effect this month, on Aug 1.
这些是陆路交通管理局（LTA）在新加坡首个行人行为守则中提出的一些建议习惯。该守则于8月1日生效。
The new code is an addition to the existing code of conduct for other users of public paths, such as cyclists and e-scooter riders.
新守则是对现有的公共道路其他使用者（如骑自行车者和骑电动踏板车者）行为准则的补充。
It is also part of measures proposed late last year by the Active Mobility Advisory Panel (AMAP).
这也是活跃通勤方式咨询小组（AMAP）去年年底提出的措施的一部分。
Yesterday, LTA said it will roll out a campaign to encourage gracious behaviour on shared paths and footpaths by the end of this year.
昨天（8月4日），LTA表示，他们将在今年年底之前开展一项活动，鼓励人们在共享的道路和人行道上做到行为有礼貌。
National University of Singapore transport infrastructure expert Raymond Ong welcomed the new code, saying a pedestrian who is not distracted will be better able to avoid accidents.
新加坡国立大学交通基础设施专家雷蒙德•翁对新守则表示欢迎，他说不分心的行人将能更好地避免事故。
"Pedestrians need to understand that they have a role to play in ensuring their own safety," he added.
他补充说：“行人需要明白，他们在确保自身安全方面有自己要扮演的角色。”
"Also, in Singapore, we don't have a lot of physical space to create separations between paths, so it is more about shaping behaviour and trying to make the environment more conducive for walking and cycling."
“此外，在新加坡，我们没有太多的物理空间来分隔道路，所以需要更多地规范行为，努力使环境更有利于步行和骑车。”
He did not think penalties are the answer to developing good behaviour. "What is important is to educate the public such that the behaviour becomes intuitive," he said.
他不认为惩罚是培养良好行为的办法。他说：“重要的是教育公众，让这种行为成为一种本能。”
Other LTA-recommended behaviour for pedestrians includes using pedestrian crossings on roads instead of bicycle crossings as well as refraining from listening to music in a way that will prevent them from detecting danger or oncoming obstacles.
ITA还建议行人在道路上使用人行横道，而不是自行车道口，以及不要听音乐，以免他们察觉不到危险或迎面而来的障碍物。
But Mr Francis Chu, co-founder of cycling group Love Cycling SG, said the pedestrian code of conduct was unnecessary.
不过，新加坡自行车运动组织“爱骑单车”的联合创始人弗朗西斯·楚表示，行人行为守则没有必要。
"Formalising keeping to the left while walking can cause some aggressive riders to shift the blame to the victim in the case of an accident," he said.
他说：“规定走路靠左会导致一些好斗的骑车人在发生事故时把责任推给受害者。”
He further pointed out that some pedestrians, such as the elderly and young children, may not be able to keep left and be alert at all times.
他又指出，老年人和幼童等行人可能无法时刻保持左行及保持警觉。
"If the main objective is safety for all path users, aren't the two simple rules of riders giving way and keeping a safe distance from pedestrians sufficient?" he added.
他补充说：“如果主要目的是为了所有道路使用者的安全，那两条简单的骑行者让道规则和与行人保持安全距离难道还不够吗？”
Besides the pedestrian code of conduct, two other rules for mobility safety also took effect this month.
除了行人行为守则，另外两条关于出行安全的规则也在本月生效。
One is the ban on those aged below 16 from riding electric scooters without supervision, and the other is making it an offence for cyclists and PMD users to use their mobile phones while riding.
一项是禁止16岁以下的人在无人监护的情况下骑电动踏板车，另一项是规定骑自行车者和骑电动滑板车者在骑车时使用手机是违法的。
For adults supervising underage e-scooter riders, LTA wants them to keep their eyes on one rider at a time and not to let them out of their sight.
对于监督未成年电动踏板车骑手的成年人，LTA希望他们一次只盯着一个骑手，不让他们离开自己的视线。
They need to also educate the young rider about safe riding and the relevant regulations, like not exceeding 25kmh on a cycling path.
他们还需要教育年轻骑手有关安全骑乘和相关规定，比如在自行车道上车速不要超过每小时25公里。
行人行为守则
Stay off shared paths and keep to footpaths where possible.
不要走共用的道路，尽可能走人行道。
Stay off bicycle crossings and keep to pedestrian crossings.
不要穿过自行车道口，要走人行横道。
Keep as far left as possible on paths except when overtaking another pedestrian.
在道路上尽量靠左行走，在超过其他行人时除外。
Stay alert and do not use mobile phones or devices in a way that distracts from potential hazards.
保持警惕，不要使用移动电话或其他设备，以免分散注意力，无法发现潜在危险。
未成年电动滑板车骑手监督者行为准则
Keep to supervising one underage rider at a time.
每次只监督一名未成年骑手。
Remain near the rider and maintain a clear line of sight at all times.
守在骑手附近，并始终保持视线清晰。
Ensure that underage rider is capable of handling the PMD, check that it is in good working condition and inform rider about risks and rules.
确保未成年乘客能够操作电动滑板车，检查电动滑板车是否处于良好的工作状态，并告知骑手有关风险和规则。
英文来源：straitstimes
翻译&编辑：yaning | Lily Banse@lvnatikk/unsplash
Pedestrians are urged to stay away, if possible, from paths they have to share with cyclists. But if they must use these shared paths, they are advised to keep left unless they are overtaking another pedestrian.
Another good practice the authorities want pedestrians to adopt is to refrain from using their mobile phones while walking on shared paths.
These are some of the suggested habits set out by the Land Transport Authority (LTA) in Singapore's first code of conduct for pedestrians. It came into effect this month, on Aug 1.
The new code is an addition to the existing code of conduct for other users of public paths, such as cyclists and e-scooter riders.
It is also part of measures proposed late last year by the Active Mobility Advisory Panel (AMAP).
Yesterday, LTA said it will roll out a campaign to encourage gracious behaviour on shared paths and footpaths by the end of this year.
National University of Singapore transport infrastructure expert Raymond Ong welcomed the new code, saying a pedestrian who is not distracted will be better able to avoid accidents.
"Pedestrians need to understand that they have a role to play in ensuring their own safety," he added.
"Also, in Singapore, we don't have a lot of physical space to create separations between paths, so it is more about shaping behaviour and trying to make the environment more conducive for walking and cycling."
He did not think penalties are the answer to developing good behaviour. "What is important is to educate the public such that the behaviour becomes intuitive," he said.
Other LTA-recommended behaviour for pedestrians includes using pedestrian crossings on roads instead of bicycle crossings as well as refraining from listening to music in a way that will prevent them from detecting danger or oncoming obstacles.
But Mr Francis Chu, co-founder of cycling group Love Cycling SG, said the pedestrian code of conduct was unnecessary.
"Formalising keeping to the left while walking can cause some aggressive riders to shift the blame to the victim in the case of an accident," he said.
He further pointed out that some pedestrians, such as the elderly and young children, may not be able to keep left and be alert at all times.
"If the main objective is safety for all path users, aren't the two simple rules of riders giving way and keeping a safe distance from pedestrians sufficient?" he added.
Besides the pedestrian code of conduct, two other rules for mobility safety also took effect this month.
One is the ban on those aged below 16 from riding electric scooters without supervision, and the other is making it an offence for cyclists and PMD users to use their mobile phones while riding.
For adults supervising underage e-scooter riders, LTA wants them to keep their eyes on one rider at a time and not to let them out of their sight.
They need to also educate the young rider about safe riding and the relevant regulations, like not exceeding 25kmh on a cycling path.
Stay off shared paths and keep to footpaths where possible.
Stay off bicycle crossings and keep to pedestrian crossings.
Keep as far left as possible on paths except when overtaking another pedestrian.
Stay alert and do not use mobile phones or devices in a way that distracts from potential hazards.
Keep to supervising one underage rider at a time.
Remain near the rider and maintain a clear line of sight at all times.
Ensure that underage rider is capable of handling the PMD, check that it is in good working condition and inform rider about risks and rules. | 新加坡近日首次发布针对行人的行为规定，要求行人尽量走人行道并靠道路左边走，同时对周围环境保持警惕，避免使用手机或听音乐。
行人被敦促尽可能远离与骑自行车者共用的道路。但如果他们必须使用这些共用的道路，建议他们靠道路左边走，除非他们正在超过另一位行人。
当局希望行人采取的另一个好的做法是，在共用道路上行走时不要使用手机。
这些是陆路交通管理局（LTA）在新加坡首个行人行为守则中提出的一些建议习惯。该守则于8月1日生效。
新守则是对现有的公共道路其他使用者（如骑自行车者和骑电动踏板车者）行为准则的补充。
这也是活跃通勤方式咨询小组（AMAP）去年年底提出的措施的一部分。
昨天（8月4日），LTA表示，他们将在今年年底之前开展一项活动，鼓励人们在共享的道路和人行道上做到行为有礼貌。
新加坡国立大学交通基础设施专家雷蒙德•翁对新守则表示欢迎，他说不分心的行人将能更好地避免事故。
他补充说：“行人需要明白，他们在确保自身安全方面有自己要扮演的角色。”
“此外，在新加坡，我们没有太多的物理空间来分隔道路，所以需要更多地规范行为，努力使环境更有利于步行和骑车。”
他不认为惩罚是培养良好行为的办法。他说：“重要的是教育公众，让这种行为成为一种本能。”
ITA还建议行人在道路上使用人行横道，而不是自行车道口，以及不要听音乐，以免他们察觉不到危险或迎面而来的障碍物。
不过，新加坡自行车运动组织“爱骑单车”的联合创始人弗朗西斯·楚表示，行人行为守则没有必要。
他说：“规定走路靠左会导致一些好斗的骑车人在发生事故时把责任推给受害者。”
他又指出，老年人和幼童等行人可能无法时刻保持左行及保持警觉。
他补充说：“如果主要目的是为了所有道路使用者的安全，那两条简单的骑行者让道规则和与行人保持安全距离难道还不够吗？”
除了行人行为守则，另外两条关于出行安全的规则也在本月生效。
一项是禁止16岁以下的人在无人监护的情况下骑电动踏板车，另一项是规定骑自行车者和骑电动滑板车者在骑车时使用手机是违法的。
对于监督未成年电动踏板车骑手的成年人，LTA希望他们一次只盯着一个骑手，不让他们离开自己的视线。
他们还需要教育年轻骑手有关安全骑乘和相关规定，比如在自行车道上车速不要超过每小时25公里。
行人行为守则
不要走共用的道路，尽可能走人行道。
不要穿过自行车道口，要走人行横道。
在道路上尽量靠左行走，在超过其他行人时除外。
保持警惕，不要使用移动电话或其他设备，以免分散注意力，无法发现潜在危险。
未成年电动滑板车骑手监督者行为准则
每次只监督一名未成年骑手。
守在骑手附近，并始终保持视线清晰。
确保未成年乘客能够操作电动滑板车，检查电动滑板车是否处于良好的工作状态，并告知骑手有关风险和规则。
英文来源：straitstimes
翻译&编辑：yaning |
上映日期被一推再推的迪士尼真人版电影《花木兰》终于要发行了，不过将选择在迪士尼流媒体平台Disney+播出，点播价格高达29.99美元。这部电影虽然已放弃在北美院线发行，但是有望在中国低风险地区的影院上映，你期待吗？
电影《花木兰》海报（图片来源：迪士尼）
Disney’s live-action adaptation of
Mulan
will be released on Disney Plus on September 4th for $29.99, the company announced Tuesday.
迪士尼公司8月4日宣布，迪士尼翻拍的真人版电影《花木兰》将于9月4日上线流媒体平台Disney+，点播价格为29.99美元（约合人民币208元）。
Disney executives walked through the new plan for
Mulan
’s release during an earnings call with analysts Tuesday. The $30 fee will be on top of the $6.99 subscriber fee for Disney Plus customers.
迪士尼公司高管4日在和分析师开财报电话会议时讲述了发行《花木兰》的新计划。除了Disney+平台6.99美元的会员费，还要缴纳30美元的点播费。
"We thought it was important to find alternative ways to bring [
Mulan
] in a timely manner,” Disney CEO Bob Chapek said. In countries where Disney Plus is not available, Disney is releasing
Mulan
in theaters on the same date. The new release date follows Warner Bros.’ announcement that Christopher Nolan’s
Tenet
would get a staggered release.
Tenet
will open in approximately 70 international territories on August 26th before getting a limited release in the United States on September 3rd. It will go city by city in the United States as the country battles climbing coronavirus cases.
迪士尼首席执行官罗伯特（鲍勃）·查佩克称：“我们认为找到及时推出《花木兰》的替代方法很重要。”在无法收看Disney+平台的国家，迪士尼公司将于同日在影院上映《花木兰》。此前华纳兄弟公司刚宣布，克里斯托弗·诺兰的电影《信条》将会错时上映。《信条》将于8月26日在近70个国家和地区上映，然后于9月3日在美国限量上映。由于美国正在与持续攀升的新冠肺炎病例作斗争，华纳兄弟公司将会酌情决定是否在美国的某个城市上映该片。
Disney Plus now has over 60.5 million paying subscribers as of last month, just nine months after the launch of the direct-to-consumer streaming platform. Chapek said that the premiere access window created on Disney Plus for “Mulan” acts as a “fairly large stimulus” for new consumers to sign up for the streaming service.
截至上月，上线仅9个月的直接面向消费者的流媒体平台Disney+拥有逾6050万付费用户。查佩克称，《花木兰》在Disney+平台上的首播可以作为吸引新用户订阅流媒体服务的“刺激大招”。
Last month, Disney delayed
Mulan
indefinitely, pulling the film from its theatrical calendar. Two of Disney’s other upcoming films,
The New Mutants
and
Black Widow
, remain with their respective release dates of August 28th and November 6th. A spokesperson at the time told
Variety
that “it’s become clear that nothing can be set in stone when it comes to how we release films during this global health crisis.”
上个月，迪士尼无限期推迟《花木兰》的上映，将该片从电影排期中撤档。迪士尼的另外两部即将上映的电影——《新变种人》和《黑寡妇》——仍保持各自的上映日期（8月28日和11月6日）不变。当时一名发言人告诉《综艺》杂志称：“在全球卫生危机期间，电影上映的方式显然不会一成不变。”
Mulan
has faced a bumpy road. The film was originally supposed to be released on March 27th, got pushed to July 24th, and was delayed again to August 21st. Having
Mulan
on Disney Plus should help Disney a little, but whether it performs the way Disney needs it to remains unclear.
《花木兰》的上映遭遇了不少坎坷。该片原定于在3月27日首映，然后被推迟到了7月24日，后来又延期到了8月21日。《花木兰》上线Disney+平台应该能对迪士尼有点帮助，但是否能收到迪士尼所期望的效果仍是未知数。
英文来源：Verge、Variety
翻译&编辑：丹妮 | Disney’s live-action adaptation of
Mulan
will be released on Disney Plus on September 4th for $29.99, the company announced Tuesday.
Disney executives walked through the new plan for
Mulan
’s release during an earnings call with analysts Tuesday. The $30 fee will be on top of the $6.99 subscriber fee for Disney Plus customers.
"We thought it was important to find alternative ways to bring [
Mulan
] in a timely manner,” Disney CEO Bob Chapek said. In countries where Disney Plus is not available, Disney is releasing
Mulan
in theaters on the same date. The new release date follows Warner Bros.’ announcement that Christopher Nolan’s
Tenet
would get a staggered release.
Tenet
will open in approximately 70 international territories on August 26th before getting a limited release in the United States on September 3rd. It will go city by city in the United States as the country battles climbing coronavirus cases.
Disney Plus now has over 60.5 million paying subscribers as of last month, just nine months after the launch of the direct-to-consumer streaming platform. Chapek said that the premiere access window created on Disney Plus for “Mulan” acts as a “fairly large stimulus” for new consumers to sign up for the streaming service.
Last month, Disney delayed
Mulan
indefinitely, pulling the film from its theatrical calendar. Two of Disney’s other upcoming films,
The New Mutants
and
Black Widow
, remain with their respective release dates of August 28th and November 6th. A spokesperson at the time told
Variety
that “it’s become clear that nothing can be set in stone when it comes to how we release films during this global health crisis.”
Mulan
has faced a bumpy road. The film was originally supposed to be released on March 27th, got pushed to July 24th, and was delayed again to August 21st. Having
Mulan
on Disney Plus should help Disney a little, but whether it performs the way Disney needs it to remains unclear. | 上映日期被一推再推的迪士尼真人版电影《花木兰》终于要发行了，不过将选择在迪士尼流媒体平台Disney+播出，点播价格高达29.99美元。这部电影虽然已放弃在北美院线发行，但是有望在中国低风险地区的影院上映，你期待吗？
电影《花木兰》海报（图片来源：迪士尼）
迪士尼公司8月4日宣布，迪士尼翻拍的真人版电影《花木兰》将于9月4日上线流媒体平台Disney+，点播价格为29.99美元（约合人民币208元）。
迪士尼公司高管4日在和分析师开财报电话会议时讲述了发行《花木兰》的新计划。除了Disney+平台6.99美元的会员费，还要缴纳30美元的点播费。
迪士尼首席执行官罗伯特（鲍勃）·查佩克称：“我们认为找到及时推出《花木兰》的替代方法很重要。”在无法收看Disney+平台的国家，迪士尼公司将于同日在影院上映《花木兰》。此前华纳兄弟公司刚宣布，克里斯托弗·诺兰的电影《信条》将会错时上映。《信条》将于8月26日在近70个国家和地区上映，然后于9月3日在美国限量上映。由于美国正在与持续攀升的新冠肺炎病例作斗争，华纳兄弟公司将会酌情决定是否在美国的某个城市上映该片。
截至上月，上线仅9个月的直接面向消费者的流媒体平台Disney+拥有逾6050万付费用户。查佩克称，《花木兰》在Disney+平台上的首播可以作为吸引新用户订阅流媒体服务的“刺激大招”。
上个月，迪士尼无限期推迟《花木兰》的上映，将该片从电影排期中撤档。迪士尼的另外两部即将上映的电影——《新变种人》和《黑寡妇》——仍保持各自的上映日期（8月28日和11月6日）不变。当时一名发言人告诉《综艺》杂志称：“在全球卫生危机期间，电影上映的方式显然不会一成不变。”
《花木兰》的上映遭遇了不少坎坷。该片原定于在3月27日首映，然后被推迟到了7月24日，后来又延期到了8月21日。《花木兰》上线Disney+平台应该能对迪士尼有点帮助，但是否能收到迪士尼所期望的效果仍是未知数。
英文来源：Verge、Variety
翻译&编辑：丹妮 |
当地时间8月3日，全美各地几十个学区的教职人员发起游行示威，抗议政府在新冠疫情加重的情况下计划开学，恢复面对面的授课模式。
Teacher Hollie Morris and her two daughters, Mackenzie Tymon and Aislyn Morris, prepare for the parade protest where Florida teachers, whose unions are against their members returning to school, hold a car parade protest in front of the Pasco County School district office in Land O' Lakes, Florida, US on July 21, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
Teachers at dozens of school districts protested from their cars on Monday over plans by some US governors to resume in-class instruction during the coronavirus pandemic.
本周一（8月3日），全美数十个学区的教师开车上街，抗议美国一些州长计划新冠疫情期间恢复课堂教学。
The teachers, who painted messages on their cars and formed caravans with other school employees, want instruction conducted online until testing shows that classrooms are safe and districts hire more nurses and counselors.
教师们在他们的汽车上涂上了标语，并与其他学校员工组成了游行车队，他们希望在测试表明教室是安全的、以及学区雇佣了更多的护士和辅导员之前，在网上进行教学。
The Milwaukee Teachers’ Education Association, the union representing public school teachers statewide, posted pictures on Twitter of protesters making cardboard gravestones with messages such as “Here lies a third grade student from Green Bay who caught COVID at school” and “RIP Grandma caught COVID helping grand kids with homework.”
代表全州公立学校教师的密尔沃基教师教育协会在推特上发布了抗议者制作纸板墓碑的照片，上面写着：“这里躺着一名来自绿湾的三年级学生，他在学校感染了新冠肺炎”，“这位帮助孙子做作业的老奶奶患上了新冠肺炎，愿她安息”。
Teachers in Chicago, Milwaukee and Philadelphia honked their horns in car protests. Demonstrators rallied outside the Los Angeles Chamber of Commerce building, and in Connecticut about 400 formed a car march that passed Governor Ned Lamont’s home.
芝加哥、密尔沃基和费城的教师们开车上街，鸣笛抗议。示威者聚集在洛杉矶商会大楼外。在康涅狄格州，大约400人组成汽车游行队伍，经过州长内德·拉蒙特的家。
“I do not want to put my students or myself in harm’s way. I do not want to be an experiment,” Chicago elementary school teacher Andrea Parker told reporters.
芝加哥一所小学的教师安德里亚·帕克对记者说：“我不想让我的学生或我自己受到伤害。我不想当实验品。”
More than 155,000 people have died nationwide from COVID-19 since the virus was first identified in the United States in January.
自今年1月美国首次发现新冠病毒以来，全美已有超过15.5万人死于新冠肺炎。
Deaths in the United States rose for a fourth week in a row to more than 8,500 people in the seven days ended Aug. 2, a Reuters analysis found.
路透社的一项分析发现，在截至8月2日的7天里，美国的新冠肺炎死亡人数已连续第四周上升至超过8500人。
佐治亚州超2000人请愿让教师居家办公
At least 2,000 teachers, parents and community stakeholders, have signed a petition asking Gwinnett County Public Schools, the largest school system in Georgia, to allow teachers the option to work from home.
至少2000名教师、家长和社区民众签署了一份请愿书，希望美国佐治亚州最大的学校格温内特县公立学校批准教师在家工作。
As of last Thursday, around 260 district employees had either tested positive for Covid-19 or been in contact with someone who was positive, according to Sloan Roach, the executive director of communication for Gwinnett County Public Schools.
格温内特县公立学校沟通执行主任斯隆·罗奇说，截至上周四（7月30日），佐治亚州学区已有260名教职工新冠肺炎检测呈阳性或是同确诊病例有过密切接触。
The district, which serves about 180,000 students, decided to start the school year on August 12 with all virtual learning, keeping students at home. Meanwhile, teachers were told to report to school buildings on July 29 to prepare for the school year.
该学区约有18万名学生，学区决定从8月12日开始新学年，让学生呆在家里，进行线上教学。与此同时，教师们被要求在7月29日到学校报到，为新学年做准备。
Teachers told CNN they are frightened of the risk of exposure, while they also grapple with their own childcare issues.
教师们在接受美国有线电视新闻网采访时表示，他们对暴露感染的风险感到非常恐惧，同时也在努力解决照顾自家孩子的问题。
英文来源：路透社、CNN
翻译&编辑：yaning | Teacher Hollie Morris and her two daughters, Mackenzie Tymon and Aislyn Morris, prepare for the parade protest where Florida teachers, whose unions are against their members returning to school, hold a car parade protest in front of the Pasco County School district office in Land O' Lakes, Florida, US on July 21, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
Teachers at dozens of school districts protested from their cars on Monday over plans by some US governors to resume in-class instruction during the coronavirus pandemic.
The teachers, who painted messages on their cars and formed caravans with other school employees, want instruction conducted online until testing shows that classrooms are safe and districts hire more nurses and counselors.
The Milwaukee Teachers’ Education Association, the union representing public school teachers statewide, posted pictures on Twitter of protesters making cardboard gravestones with messages such as “Here lies a third grade student from Green Bay who caught COVID at school” and “RIP Grandma caught COVID helping grand kids with homework.”
Teachers in Chicago, Milwaukee and Philadelphia honked their horns in car protests. Demonstrators rallied outside the Los Angeles Chamber of Commerce building, and in Connecticut about 400 formed a car march that passed Governor Ned Lamont’s home.
“I do not want to put my students or myself in harm’s way. I do not want to be an experiment,” Chicago elementary school teacher Andrea Parker told reporters.
More than 155,000 people have died nationwide from COVID-19 since the virus was first identified in the United States in January.
Deaths in the United States rose for a fourth week in a row to more than 8,500 people in the seven days ended Aug. 2, a Reuters analysis found.
At least 2,000 teachers, parents and community stakeholders, have signed a petition asking Gwinnett County Public Schools, the largest school system in Georgia, to allow teachers the option to work from home.
As of last Thursday, around 260 district employees had either tested positive for Covid-19 or been in contact with someone who was positive, according to Sloan Roach, the executive director of communication for Gwinnett County Public Schools.
The district, which serves about 180,000 students, decided to start the school year on August 12 with all virtual learning, keeping students at home. Meanwhile, teachers were told to report to school buildings on July 29 to prepare for the school year.
Teachers told CNN they are frightened of the risk of exposure, while they also grapple with their own childcare issues. | 当地时间8月3日，全美各地几十个学区的教职人员发起游行示威，抗议政府在新冠疫情加重的情况下计划开学，恢复面对面的授课模式。
本周一（8月3日），全美数十个学区的教师开车上街，抗议美国一些州长计划新冠疫情期间恢复课堂教学。
教师们在他们的汽车上涂上了标语，并与其他学校员工组成了游行车队，他们希望在测试表明教室是安全的、以及学区雇佣了更多的护士和辅导员之前，在网上进行教学。
代表全州公立学校教师的密尔沃基教师教育协会在推特上发布了抗议者制作纸板墓碑的照片，上面写着：“这里躺着一名来自绿湾的三年级学生，他在学校感染了新冠肺炎”，“这位帮助孙子做作业的老奶奶患上了新冠肺炎，愿她安息”。
芝加哥、密尔沃基和费城的教师们开车上街，鸣笛抗议。示威者聚集在洛杉矶商会大楼外。在康涅狄格州，大约400人组成汽车游行队伍，经过州长内德·拉蒙特的家。
芝加哥一所小学的教师安德里亚·帕克对记者说：“我不想让我的学生或我自己受到伤害。我不想当实验品。”
自今年1月美国首次发现新冠病毒以来，全美已有超过15.5万人死于新冠肺炎。
路透社的一项分析发现，在截至8月2日的7天里，美国的新冠肺炎死亡人数已连续第四周上升至超过8500人。
佐治亚州超2000人请愿让教师居家办公
至少2000名教师、家长和社区民众签署了一份请愿书，希望美国佐治亚州最大的学校格温内特县公立学校批准教师在家工作。
格温内特县公立学校沟通执行主任斯隆·罗奇说，截至上周四（7月30日），佐治亚州学区已有260名教职工新冠肺炎检测呈阳性或是同确诊病例有过密切接触。
该学区约有18万名学生，学区决定从8月12日开始新学年，让学生呆在家里，进行线上教学。与此同时，教师们被要求在7月29日到学校报到，为新学年做准备。
教师们在接受美国有线电视新闻网采访时表示，他们对暴露感染的风险感到非常恐惧，同时也在努力解决照顾自家孩子的问题。
英文来源：路透社、CNN
翻译&编辑：yaning |
伴随疫情而来的社交隔离措施给人们的生活带来了许多不便，但是NBC的记者发现，实施社交隔离之后，包括流感在内的其他呼吸道传染病的发病率也下降了。
Photo by Jordan Hopkins on Unsplash
According to NBC News’ Medical Correspondent Dr. John Torres, there appears to be a ‘silver lining’ to global social distancing measures.
美国全国广播公司新闻部的医疗记者约翰·托雷斯博士称，全球的社交隔离措施似乎带来了一线光明。
He surmises these new habits could be driving down diseases.
他猜测这些新习惯可能会降低一些疾病的发病率。
surmise[sɝ'maɪz]: vi. 猜测；认为
"Around the world, people have had to adapt to life with different public health restrictions in place,” he said. “Now we are starting to see that these measures, including social distancing, are also helping against the flu and other infectious diseases.”
他说：“在世界各地，人们都必须适应不同公共卫生限制条规下的生活。现在我们开始发现，包括社交隔离在内的这些措施也有助于抵御流感和其他传染病。”
Torres points to Australia as an example of the disease-lowering impact.
托雷斯指出，澳大利亚就是防疫措施导致疾病减少的一个例子。
"Australia is now in its winter months when flu is most rampant,” he explained. “But early figures show influenza rates are at a record low. Hospitals are usually overwhelmed with cases, but are seeing less admissions for this time of year.”
他解释道：“澳大利亚现在进入了流感最猖獗的冬季，但早期数据显示，流感发病率降到了史上最低水平。往年医院在这个时候通常都会被流感患者挤爆，但今年因流感而住院的人却减少了。”
He goes on to say there is more evidence coming from other countries.
他接着说道，还有来自其他国家的更多证据。
"Canada and the UK are also reporting exceptionally low levels of influenza,” he pointed out. “In China, where lockdown measures were first widely enforced, mumps and measles have also declined.”
他指出：“加拿大和英国报告的流感率也特别低。在最早广泛实施封锁措施的中国，腮腺炎和麻疹的发病率也降低了。”
Photo by Mateusz Glogowski on Unsplash
He says there is a simple explanation for these new statistics.
他表示，这些新的统计数据可以简单地解释清楚。
"Like coronavirus, flu, measles and mumps are mainly transmitted in respiratory droplets and airborne particles,” he stated. “So it makes sense the widespread use of masking, hand washing, and social distancing are working against other respiratory viruses as well.”
他说道：“像新冠病毒、流感、麻疹和腮腺炎这样的疾病主要通过呼吸道飞沫和空气悬浮颗粒进行传播。因此广泛使用口罩、勤洗手和社交隔离也能抵御其他呼吸道病毒是讲得通的。”
Looking toward the future, Torres recommends keeping these measures in place.
放眼未来，托雷斯建议保持这些防疫措施不放松。
"Now this could also mean that if we continue to be vigilant and use these measures, we could have a mild flu season this year,” he imparted.
托雷斯透露说：“这也意味着，如果我们继续保持警觉和采取这些措施，今年的流感季就不会太严重。”
英文来源：美国全国广播公司新闻网
翻译&编辑：丹妮 | Photo by Jordan Hopkins on Unsplash
According to NBC News’ Medical Correspondent Dr. John Torres, there appears to be a ‘silver lining’ to global social distancing measures.
He surmises these new habits could be driving down diseases.
"Around the world, people have had to adapt to life with different public health restrictions in place,” he said. “Now we are starting to see that these measures, including social distancing, are also helping against the flu and other infectious diseases.”
Torres points to Australia as an example of the disease-lowering impact.
"Australia is now in its winter months when flu is most rampant,” he explained. “But early figures show influenza rates are at a record low. Hospitals are usually overwhelmed with cases, but are seeing less admissions for this time of year.”
He goes on to say there is more evidence coming from other countries.
"Canada and the UK are also reporting exceptionally low levels of influenza,” he pointed out. “In China, where lockdown measures were first widely enforced, mumps and measles have also declined.”
Photo by Mateusz Glogowski on Unsplash
He says there is a simple explanation for these new statistics.
"Like coronavirus, flu, measles and mumps are mainly transmitted in respiratory droplets and airborne particles,” he stated. “So it makes sense the widespread use of masking, hand washing, and social distancing are working against other respiratory viruses as well.”
Looking toward the future, Torres recommends keeping these measures in place.
"Now this could also mean that if we continue to be vigilant and use these measures, we could have a mild flu season this year,” he imparted. | 伴随疫情而来的社交隔离措施给人们的生活带来了许多不便，但是NBC的记者发现，实施社交隔离之后，包括流感在内的其他呼吸道传染病的发病率也下降了。
美国全国广播公司新闻部的医疗记者约翰·托雷斯博士称，全球的社交隔离措施似乎带来了一线光明。
他猜测这些新习惯可能会降低一些疾病的发病率。
surmise[sɝ'maɪz]: vi. 猜测；认为
他说：“在世界各地，人们都必须适应不同公共卫生限制条规下的生活。现在我们开始发现，包括社交隔离在内的这些措施也有助于抵御流感和其他传染病。”
托雷斯指出，澳大利亚就是防疫措施导致疾病减少的一个例子。
他解释道：“澳大利亚现在进入了流感最猖獗的冬季，但早期数据显示，流感发病率降到了史上最低水平。往年医院在这个时候通常都会被流感患者挤爆，但今年因流感而住院的人却减少了。”
他接着说道，还有来自其他国家的更多证据。
他指出：“加拿大和英国报告的流感率也特别低。在最早广泛实施封锁措施的中国，腮腺炎和麻疹的发病率也降低了。”
他表示，这些新的统计数据可以简单地解释清楚。
他说道：“像新冠病毒、流感、麻疹和腮腺炎这样的疾病主要通过呼吸道飞沫和空气悬浮颗粒进行传播。因此广泛使用口罩、勤洗手和社交隔离也能抵御其他呼吸道病毒是讲得通的。”
放眼未来，托雷斯建议保持这些防疫措施不放松。
托雷斯透露说：“这也意味着，如果我们继续保持警觉和采取这些措施，今年的流感季就不会太严重。”
英文来源：美国全国广播公司新闻网
翻译&编辑：丹妮 |
白宫冠状病毒应对工作小组协调员德博拉·伯克斯8月2日表示，全美新冠疫情进入“新阶段”，病毒传播范围比疫情早期更广泛。她敦促美国人外出佩戴口罩，遵守防疫指南。美国疾控中心的一项最新预测显示，未来三周可能有近2万名美国人死于新冠肺炎。
A nurse wearing personal protective equipment watches an ambulance driving away outside of Elmhurst Hospital during the ongoing outbreak of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in the Queens borough of New York, US, April 20, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
Dr. Deborah Birx, the White House coronavirus task force coordinator, said on Sunday that the US is “in a new phase” of battling against the coronavirus pandemic and urged Americans to wear masks and follow social distancing guidelines.
白宫冠状病毒应对工作组协调员德博拉·伯克斯博士上周日（8月2日）说，美国抗击新冠肺炎疫情已经进入“新阶段”，并敦促美国人外出佩戴口罩，遵守社交距离指南。
“What we are seeing today is different from March and April. It is extraordinarily widespread ... it’s more widespread and it’s both rural and urban,” Birx said during an interview on CNN.
伯克斯在接受美国有线电视新闻网采访时说：“我们现在的情况与3月和4月时不同。感染的情况非常普遍，比之前更甚，无论是在农村还是城市。”
“To everybody who lives in a rural area, you are not immune or protected from this virus,” Birx said. “And that is why we keep saying, no matter where you live in America, you need to wear a mask and socially distance, do the personal hygiene pieces.”
伯克斯说：“对于生活在农村地区的每个人来说，你都没有这种病毒的免疫力或保护能力。这就是为什么我们一直说，无论你住在美国的哪个地方，你都需要戴口罩，保持社交距离，做好个人卫生。”
The US has more than 4.6 million coronavirus cases and at least 154,449 deaths, the most of any country, according to data from the Johns Hopkins University.
据约翰斯·霍普金斯大学统计的数据，美国新冠肺炎累计确诊病例超过460万例，死亡病例至少达到15万4449例，居世界之首。
Asked about former FDA Commissioner Scott Gottlieb’s warning that the country could experience 300,000 deaths by the end of 2020, Birx responded, “Anything is possible” but declined to provide details on current projections.
美国食品药品管理局前局长斯科特·戈特利布曾警告说，美国到2020年底可能会有30万人因此死亡，伯克斯对此回应说，“一切皆有可能”，但拒绝提供当前预测的细节。
Birx said the US virus death toll will depend on how southern and western states with the worst outbreaks respond to the virus over the coming weeks.
伯克斯说，美国新冠肺炎死亡人数将取决于疫情最严重的南部和西部各州在未来几周如何应对疫情。
The virus is rapidly spreading across much of the Midwest, as well in states like Florida and California that have experienced a significant surge in infections. The Northeast, once the epicenter of the virus, has seen a decline in cases since hitting a peak in April.
新冠病毒正在美国中西部的大部分地区迅速蔓延，在感染人数大幅增加的佛罗里达州和加利福尼亚州等州也一样。东北地区曾经是疫情中心，自4月份达到感染高峰以来，病例数量有所下降。
“It’s not super spreading individuals, it’s super spreading events and we need to stop those,” Birx said. “We definitely need to take more precautions.”
伯克斯说：“这不是孤立的超级个体传播者，而是超级传播事件，我们需要阻止这些。我们必须采取更多的预防措施。”
Asked if schools should stay closed and have remote learning in areas where there is a 5% positivity rate, Birx deferred to the CDC’s guidelines on school reopenings.
当被问及学校是否应该关闭，并在病毒检测阳性率达5%的地区进行远程教学时，伯克斯建议遵循美国疾控中心关于学校重新开放的指导方针。
“If you have high case load and active community spread, just like we are asking people not to go to bars, not to have household parties, not to create large spreading events, we are asking people to distance learn at this moment so we can get this epidemic under control,” Birx said.
伯克斯说：“如果所在地区确诊病例很多，社区传播情况普遍，就像我们要求人们不要去酒吧，不要举办家庭聚会，不要制造大规模的传播事件那样，我们也会要求人们进行远程学习，这样我们就能控制疫情。”
New Yorkers in need receive free produce, dry goods, and meat at a Food Bank For New York City distribution event at the Barclays Center on July 30, 2020 in New York City. [Photo/Agencies]
美疾控中心最新预测：未来三周可能有近2万名美国人死于新冠肺炎
当地时间8月3日，美国多名专家警告称，美国目前的新冠肺炎感染率依旧处在较高水平。另据美国疾控中心（CDC）的一项最新预测，未来三周可能有近2万名美国人死于新冠肺炎。
"Our levels are still far too high," said Dr. Megan Ranney, an emergency physician at Lifespan Health System and associate professor at Brown University.
生命健康系统的急救医生、布朗大学的副教授梅根·兰尼博士说：“我们的感染率还是太高了。”
The relentless death toll is projected to reach 173,000 by August 22, according to a new composite forecast from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. That's an average of almost 1,000 US deaths every day for the next 30 days.
根据美国疾病控制和预防中心最新的综合预测，截至8月22日，美国新冠肺炎死亡人数预计将达到17.3万人。也就是说，在接下来的30天里，平均每天将有大约1000名美国人因此死亡。
Dr. Carlos del Rio, the executive associate dean at Emory University's School of Medicine, explained that in the spring the pandemic was largely felt in large urban communities. Now, more and more rural communities are seeing the spread of the virus.
埃默里大学医学院执行副院长卡洛斯·德尔·里奥博士解释说，在春季，人们主要是在各大城市的社区看到新冠病例的增长，而如今，越来越多的农村社区也出现了病毒的广泛传播。
"The epidemic is moving into every community in America," del Rio told CNN. "And that's why we all need to be wearing a mask."
德尔·里奥告诉美国有线电视新闻网说：“疫情正在蔓延到美国的每个社区。因此我们都需要戴上口罩。”
不仅如此，疫情严峻之际，美国仍不断出现人群违规聚集的现象。报道称，很多人无视社交距离，拒绝戴口罩，而这加剧了新冠病毒传播的危机。
Maryland Gov. Larry Hogan said Wednesday that 44% of residents who had recently tested positive had attended family gatherings. Another 23% had attended house parties, and 21% attended outdoor events.
马里兰州州长拉里·霍根上周三（7月29日）表示，近期新冠病毒检测呈阳性的居民中有44%参加了家庭聚会，23%的人参加了乡村别墅聚会，还有21%的人参加了户外活动。
house party：n.（连续几天的）乡村别墅聚会
英文来源：CNBC、CNN
翻译&编辑：yaning | A nurse wearing personal protective equipment watches an ambulance driving away outside of Elmhurst Hospital during the ongoing outbreak of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in the Queens borough of New York, US, April 20, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
Dr. Deborah Birx, the White House coronavirus task force coordinator, said on Sunday that the US is “in a new phase” of battling against the coronavirus pandemic and urged Americans to wear masks and follow social distancing guidelines.
“What we are seeing today is different from March and April. It is extraordinarily widespread ... it’s more widespread and it’s both rural and urban,” Birx said during an interview on CNN.
“To everybody who lives in a rural area, you are not immune or protected from this virus,” Birx said. “And that is why we keep saying, no matter where you live in America, you need to wear a mask and socially distance, do the personal hygiene pieces.”
The US has more than 4.6 million coronavirus cases and at least 154,449 deaths, the most of any country, according to data from the Johns Hopkins University.
Asked about former FDA Commissioner Scott Gottlieb’s warning that the country could experience 300,000 deaths by the end of 2020, Birx responded, “Anything is possible” but declined to provide details on current projections.
Birx said the US virus death toll will depend on how southern and western states with the worst outbreaks respond to the virus over the coming weeks.
The virus is rapidly spreading across much of the Midwest, as well in states like Florida and California that have experienced a significant surge in infections. The Northeast, once the epicenter of the virus, has seen a decline in cases since hitting a peak in April.
“It’s not super spreading individuals, it’s super spreading events and we need to stop those,” Birx said. “We definitely need to take more precautions.”
Asked if schools should stay closed and have remote learning in areas where there is a 5% positivity rate, Birx deferred to the CDC’s guidelines on school reopenings.
“If you have high case load and active community spread, just like we are asking people not to go to bars, not to have household parties, not to create large spreading events, we are asking people to distance learn at this moment so we can get this epidemic under control,” Birx said.
New Yorkers in need receive free produce, dry goods, and meat at a Food Bank For New York City distribution event at the Barclays Center on July 30, 2020 in New York City. [Photo/Agencies]
"Our levels are still far too high," said Dr. Megan Ranney, an emergency physician at Lifespan Health System and associate professor at Brown University.
The relentless death toll is projected to reach 173,000 by August 22, according to a new composite forecast from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. That's an average of almost 1,000 US deaths every day for the next 30 days.
Dr. Carlos del Rio, the executive associate dean at Emory University's School of Medicine, explained that in the spring the pandemic was largely felt in large urban communities. Now, more and more rural communities are seeing the spread of the virus.
"The epidemic is moving into every community in America," del Rio told CNN. "And that's why we all need to be wearing a mask."
Maryland Gov. Larry Hogan said Wednesday that 44% of residents who had recently tested positive had attended family gatherings. Another 23% had attended house parties, and 21% attended outdoor events. | 白宫冠状病毒应对工作小组协调员德博拉·伯克斯8月2日表示，全美新冠疫情进入“新阶段”，病毒传播范围比疫情早期更广泛。她敦促美国人外出佩戴口罩，遵守防疫指南。美国疾控中心的一项最新预测显示，未来三周可能有近2万名美国人死于新冠肺炎。
白宫冠状病毒应对工作组协调员德博拉·伯克斯博士上周日（8月2日）说，美国抗击新冠肺炎疫情已经进入“新阶段”，并敦促美国人外出佩戴口罩，遵守社交距离指南。
伯克斯在接受美国有线电视新闻网采访时说：“我们现在的情况与3月和4月时不同。感染的情况非常普遍，比之前更甚，无论是在农村还是城市。”
伯克斯说：“对于生活在农村地区的每个人来说，你都没有这种病毒的免疫力或保护能力。这就是为什么我们一直说，无论你住在美国的哪个地方，你都需要戴口罩，保持社交距离，做好个人卫生。”
据约翰斯·霍普金斯大学统计的数据，美国新冠肺炎累计确诊病例超过460万例，死亡病例至少达到15万4449例，居世界之首。
美国食品药品管理局前局长斯科特·戈特利布曾警告说，美国到2020年底可能会有30万人因此死亡，伯克斯对此回应说，“一切皆有可能”，但拒绝提供当前预测的细节。
伯克斯说，美国新冠肺炎死亡人数将取决于疫情最严重的南部和西部各州在未来几周如何应对疫情。
新冠病毒正在美国中西部的大部分地区迅速蔓延，在感染人数大幅增加的佛罗里达州和加利福尼亚州等州也一样。东北地区曾经是疫情中心，自4月份达到感染高峰以来，病例数量有所下降。
伯克斯说：“这不是孤立的超级个体传播者，而是超级传播事件，我们需要阻止这些。我们必须采取更多的预防措施。”
当被问及学校是否应该关闭，并在病毒检测阳性率达5%的地区进行远程教学时，伯克斯建议遵循美国疾控中心关于学校重新开放的指导方针。
伯克斯说：“如果所在地区确诊病例很多，社区传播情况普遍，就像我们要求人们不要去酒吧，不要举办家庭聚会，不要制造大规模的传播事件那样，我们也会要求人们进行远程学习，这样我们就能控制疫情。”
美疾控中心最新预测：未来三周可能有近2万名美国人死于新冠肺炎
当地时间8月3日，美国多名专家警告称，美国目前的新冠肺炎感染率依旧处在较高水平。另据美国疾控中心（CDC）的一项最新预测，未来三周可能有近2万名美国人死于新冠肺炎。
生命健康系统的急救医生、布朗大学的副教授梅根·兰尼博士说：“我们的感染率还是太高了。”
根据美国疾病控制和预防中心最新的综合预测，截至8月22日，美国新冠肺炎死亡人数预计将达到17.3万人。也就是说，在接下来的30天里，平均每天将有大约1000名美国人因此死亡。
埃默里大学医学院执行副院长卡洛斯·德尔·里奥博士解释说，在春季，人们主要是在各大城市的社区看到新冠病例的增长，而如今，越来越多的农村社区也出现了病毒的广泛传播。
德尔·里奥告诉美国有线电视新闻网说：“疫情正在蔓延到美国的每个社区。因此我们都需要戴上口罩。”
不仅如此，疫情严峻之际，美国仍不断出现人群违规聚集的现象。报道称，很多人无视社交距离，拒绝戴口罩，而这加剧了新冠病毒传播的危机。
马里兰州州长拉里·霍根上周三（7月29日）表示，近期新冠病毒检测呈阳性的居民中有44%参加了家庭聚会，23%的人参加了乡村别墅聚会，还有21%的人参加了户外活动。
house party：n.（连续几天的）乡村别墅聚会
英文来源：CNBC、CNN
翻译&编辑：yaning |
作为时尚界的长青树，牛仔裤一直是四季必备的经典单品。然而疫情的暴发却动摇了这棵长青树的地位，多家主打牛仔裤的知名服装品牌都已申请破产。牛仔裤也要面临生存危机了吗？
Photo by Waldemar Brandt on Unsplash
As many continue to stay home amid the coronavirus pandemic, jeans are probably not their first choice for a day's outfit.
新冠疫情期间，随着许多人继续居家隔离，牛仔裤恐怕不是他们每日着装的首选。
Many people are opting for clothing that's both functional and comfortable — maybe a blazer or blouse on top and pajama pants or leggings on bottom — so that they can both look presentable on work video calls and be comfortable while at home.
许多人都选择实用又舒适的衣服——上半身穿轻便短上衣或衬衫，下半身穿睡裤或打底裤——这样既能在工作视频会议上看起来体面，在家里又感觉舒适。
blazer [ˈbleɪzər]: n. （带有学校、俱乐部等标记的）夹克；轻便短上衣
blouse [blaʊz]: n. 宽松的上衣；女装衬衫
Some are choosing convenience above anything else.
有些人则最看重方便。
"Prior to COVID, even, those who said that they were working from home were buying the same piece of clothing for work, workout and weekend," Maria Rugolo, apparel industry analyst at The NPD Group, told Business Insider.
市场研究机构NPD集团的服装业分析师玛利亚·鲁格洛告诉商业内幕网说：“在新冠疫情暴发前，那些自称在家工作的人为工作、锻炼和周末采购的服装都是同样的衣服。”
It's hard to work out in jeans, so where does denim fit into that equation?
穿牛仔裤不好锻炼，那么牛仔裤该置于何地呢？
Jeans sales are seeing sharp declines along with the rest of the apparel market, according to The NPD Group's Maria Rugolo. Denim will have to adapt to fit the current needs.
NPD集团的玛利亚·鲁格洛称，和服装市场的其他服饰一样，牛仔裤的销量骤减。牛仔裤必须改变以适应当前的需求。
"Jeans have the opportunity to play up the comfort factor, to play up the stretch that they have," Rugolo said. "These are the things that we're going to see help the category."
“牛仔裤有机会提高舒适度，加大布料弹性。”鲁格洛说，“我们认为这么做可以有助于增加牛仔裤的销量。”
Several denim-focused retailers — True Religion, Lucky Brand, and G-Star Raw — have already filed for bankruptcy since the pandemic began. Prolonged store closures and a shift towards casual clothing proved damaging for retailers primarily selling jeans.
自从疫情暴发以来，真实信仰、幸运牌和G-Star Raw等多家主打牛仔裤的零售企业均已申请破产。长时间关闭门店和向休闲服饰风格的转变已被证实对主营牛仔裤的零售商造成了损害。
It's a poor turn of events for a category that has seen its ups and downs over the years, but that was seeing some growth before the pandemic. Jeans, especially low-priced denim and jeans for men, were doing pretty well in recent years.
对于多年来经历过起起落落的牛仔裤来说，这一事态不妙，然而就在疫情暴发前，牛仔裤的销量还出现了增长。牛仔裤，尤其是低价丹宁布牛仔裤和男士牛仔裤，近年来卖得相当不错。
Ayako Homma, consultant at Euromonitor International, said this growth was largely due to changing standards around what clothing could be considered office-appropriate.
欧睿国际信息咨询公司的本间绫子称，这一增长很大程度上要归因于办公室得体服饰标准的改变。
"As dress codes throughout the country became increasingly casual, US consumers have increased the usage occasions for jeans," Homma said in emailed comments.
本间在电子邮件中评论道：“随着全美着装规范变得越来越休闲，美国消费者穿牛仔裤的场合也增多了。”
"Also, with athleisure solidified in the US market, consumers who had purchased sufficient athletic bottoms over the last few years returned to economy and standard jeans, as fabric and fit innovation helped to make these products attractive for casualwear."
“此外，随着运动休闲风在美国市场站稳脚跟，过去几年买够了运动裤的消费者开始重新购买实惠的普通牛仔裤，牛仔裤的布料和剪裁创新也增加了产品作为休闲服饰的吸引力。”
But even though the pandemic has complicated this trend, Rugolo said that it may be too early to call this the death of jeans. Apparel as a whole is seeing large sales declines, while jeans that are meant for outdoors work are actually bucking the trend and showing some growth.
鲁格洛说，尽管疫情让时尚潮流变得复杂，但现在唱衰牛仔裤也许还为时过早。服饰总体上的销量都在大幅下滑，而专为户外活动设计的牛仔裤的销量实际上还在逆势增长。
"Jeans are never going to go away. They've been a staple for over a hundred years," Rugolo said. "It's definitely something to learn from the pandemic as far as how to adapt to these elements of comfort that consumers are looking for."
“牛仔裤永远不会过时。一百多年来它们一直都是必备单品。”鲁格洛说，“但是如何去适应消费者寻求的舒适元素，这是绝对要从这次疫情中学习的。”
Plus, at a certain point, people might get tired of wearing leggings and pajamas all the time.
而且，未来的某一天，人们可能会厌烦老是穿打底裤和睡衣的。
英文来源：商业内幕网
翻译&编辑：丹妮 | Photo by Waldemar Brandt on Unsplash
As many continue to stay home amid the coronavirus pandemic, jeans are probably not their first choice for a day's outfit.
Many people are opting for clothing that's both functional and comfortable — maybe a blazer or blouse on top and pajama pants or leggings on bottom — so that they can both look presentable on work video calls and be comfortable while at home.
Some are choosing convenience above anything else.
"Prior to COVID, even, those who said that they were working from home were buying the same piece of clothing for work, workout and weekend," Maria Rugolo, apparel industry analyst at The NPD Group, told Business Insider.
It's hard to work out in jeans, so where does denim fit into that equation?
Jeans sales are seeing sharp declines along with the rest of the apparel market, according to The NPD Group's Maria Rugolo. Denim will have to adapt to fit the current needs.
"Jeans have the opportunity to play up the comfort factor, to play up the stretch that they have," Rugolo said. "These are the things that we're going to see help the category."
Several denim-focused retailers — True Religion, Lucky Brand, and G-Star Raw — have already filed for bankruptcy since the pandemic began. Prolonged store closures and a shift towards casual clothing proved damaging for retailers primarily selling jeans.
It's a poor turn of events for a category that has seen its ups and downs over the years, but that was seeing some growth before the pandemic. Jeans, especially low-priced denim and jeans for men, were doing pretty well in recent years.
Ayako Homma, consultant at Euromonitor International, said this growth was largely due to changing standards around what clothing could be considered office-appropriate.
"As dress codes throughout the country became increasingly casual, US consumers have increased the usage occasions for jeans," Homma said in emailed comments.
"Also, with athleisure solidified in the US market, consumers who had purchased sufficient athletic bottoms over the last few years returned to economy and standard jeans, as fabric and fit innovation helped to make these products attractive for casualwear."
But even though the pandemic has complicated this trend, Rugolo said that it may be too early to call this the death of jeans. Apparel as a whole is seeing large sales declines, while jeans that are meant for outdoors work are actually bucking the trend and showing some growth.
"Jeans are never going to go away. They've been a staple for over a hundred years," Rugolo said. "It's definitely something to learn from the pandemic as far as how to adapt to these elements of comfort that consumers are looking for."
Plus, at a certain point, people might get tired of wearing leggings and pajamas all the time. | 作为时尚界的长青树，牛仔裤一直是四季必备的经典单品。然而疫情的暴发却动摇了这棵长青树的地位，多家主打牛仔裤的知名服装品牌都已申请破产。牛仔裤也要面临生存危机了吗？
新冠疫情期间，随着许多人继续居家隔离，牛仔裤恐怕不是他们每日着装的首选。
许多人都选择实用又舒适的衣服——上半身穿轻便短上衣或衬衫，下半身穿睡裤或打底裤——这样既能在工作视频会议上看起来体面，在家里又感觉舒适。
blazer [ˈbleɪzər]: n. （带有学校、俱乐部等标记的）夹克；轻便短上衣
blouse [blaʊz]: n. 宽松的上衣；女装衬衫
有些人则最看重方便。
市场研究机构NPD集团的服装业分析师玛利亚·鲁格洛告诉商业内幕网说：“在新冠疫情暴发前，那些自称在家工作的人为工作、锻炼和周末采购的服装都是同样的衣服。”
穿牛仔裤不好锻炼，那么牛仔裤该置于何地呢？
NPD集团的玛利亚·鲁格洛称，和服装市场的其他服饰一样，牛仔裤的销量骤减。牛仔裤必须改变以适应当前的需求。
“牛仔裤有机会提高舒适度，加大布料弹性。”鲁格洛说，“我们认为这么做可以有助于增加牛仔裤的销量。”
自从疫情暴发以来，真实信仰、幸运牌和G-Star Raw等多家主打牛仔裤的零售企业均已申请破产。长时间关闭门店和向休闲服饰风格的转变已被证实对主营牛仔裤的零售商造成了损害。
对于多年来经历过起起落落的牛仔裤来说，这一事态不妙，然而就在疫情暴发前，牛仔裤的销量还出现了增长。牛仔裤，尤其是低价丹宁布牛仔裤和男士牛仔裤，近年来卖得相当不错。
欧睿国际信息咨询公司的本间绫子称，这一增长很大程度上要归因于办公室得体服饰标准的改变。
本间在电子邮件中评论道：“随着全美着装规范变得越来越休闲，美国消费者穿牛仔裤的场合也增多了。”
“此外，随着运动休闲风在美国市场站稳脚跟，过去几年买够了运动裤的消费者开始重新购买实惠的普通牛仔裤，牛仔裤的布料和剪裁创新也增加了产品作为休闲服饰的吸引力。”
鲁格洛说，尽管疫情让时尚潮流变得复杂，但现在唱衰牛仔裤也许还为时过早。服饰总体上的销量都在大幅下滑，而专为户外活动设计的牛仔裤的销量实际上还在逆势增长。
“牛仔裤永远不会过时。一百多年来它们一直都是必备单品。”鲁格洛说，“但是如何去适应消费者寻求的舒适元素，这是绝对要从这次疫情中学习的。”
而且，未来的某一天，人们可能会厌烦老是穿打底裤和睡衣的。
英文来源：商业内幕网
翻译&编辑：丹妮 |
新冠疫情暴发以来，越来越多的公司选择让员工在家办公。最新调查显示，如果这一趋势继续下去，更多企业将缩小办公面积，并将办公区从市中心转移到郊区。
Marvin Meyer@marvelous/unsplash
Local high streets could be poised for a revival if the trend for home working continues, a survey suggests.
一项调查显示，如果在家办公的趋势继续下去，当地的商业街可能会迎来复苏。
The Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors' latest commercial property survey found almost all members - 93% - saw businesses scaling back their office space in the next two years.
英国皇家特许测量师学会最新的商业地产调查发现，几乎所有成员（93%）都认为企业将在未来两年内缩减办公面积。
scale back：相应缩减；按比例缩减
It said a move away from urban hubs could prompt a shift to neighbourhoods.
报告称，企业从城市中心搬离可能会引发向社区的转移。
RICS found most members expect retail and office rents to fall further this year.
该机构的调查发现，多数成员预计零售和写字楼租金今年将进一步下跌。
Three-quarters of the commercial property agencies and valuation businesses it surveyed, said the market was in a downturn, with just over one in 10 predicting conditions had reached the bottom of the cycle.
在该机构调查的商业地产机构和估值企业中，四分之三的机构和企业表示，市场正处于低迷状态，只有略高于十分之一的机构和企业预测市场状况已触底。
The vast majority of respondents thought rents would fall in the next three months, the most pessimistic reading since 2008.
绝大多数受访机构和企业认为未来3个月房租将下降，为2008年以来最悲观的数据。
商业部门“空心薄荷”效应
Hew Edgar, head of UK government relations for RICS, warned of a "polo mint" effect - a hollowing out of city centres.
英国皇家特许测量师学会英国政府关系负责人休•埃德加警告称，可能会出现“空心薄荷”效应——城市中心被掏空。
But he said this could bring benefits, if properly managed: "With downturn there can be opportunity, government must also look to replace uncertainty with stability; and fill the middle of the commercial sector polo mint.
但他表示，如果管理得当，这可能带来好处：“在经济低迷时期，也可能存在机会，政府还必须寻求用稳定来取代不确定性，解决商业部门的‘空心薄荷’效应。”
"Offices and shops in city centres need support as people stay away from their normal workplace, and although local shop hubs are benefitting the market must be addressed as a whole."
“由于人们远离他们的正常工作场所，市中心的办公室和商店需要支持，尽管当地的购物中心正在受益，但市场必须作为一个整体来对待。”
Simon Robinson, RICS Chief Economist, said tenants are thinking about a shift because commercial property in central locations is more expensive, while people are wanting to work more from home and spend extra time in their neighbourhoods.
皇家特许测量师学会首席经济学家西蒙•鲁宾逊表示，租户们正在考虑搬离，因为中心地段的商业地产价格更高，而人们希望更多地在家工作，并把额外的时间花费在附近社区。
"For a lot of businesses they are thinking about that opportunity to move towards suburban locations. We're looking at a very different model going forward: there may still be a central location but it may just be a lot smaller."
“对于很多企业来说，他们正在考虑向郊区转移的机会。我们展望的是一种非常不同的未来模式：城市可能仍然有一个中心，但可能会小很多。”
解决住房危机
He said that will free up property for housing.
他说，这将使更多商业地产改造为住房。
"It's quite clear the pandemic is going to result in more space becoming available. One of the obvious answers to that is to begin... to think about addressing the housing crisis that we have through use of some of this space."
“很明显，新冠疫情将使可用空间增多。一个显而易见的答案是……考虑通过利用这些空间来解决住房危机。”
However, Mr Rubinsohn added building conversions must meet quality standards for housing.
然而，鲁宾逊先生补充说，建筑改造必须符合住房的质量标准。
"I think it's really important that standards form the backbone of this conversion process," he said.
他说：“我认为，在这一转变过程中，标准是非常重要的，是其中的关键因素。”
Mr Edgar said the government's recent proposal to loosen building development laws was flawed.
埃德加表示，政府最近提出的放松建筑开发法规的建议存在缺陷。
"It is possible to deliver viable office-to-residential schemes through the more stringent planning permission process," he said.
他说：“通过更严格的规划许可程序，有可能实现可行的将办公室改造为住宅的计划。”
英文来源：BBC
翻译&编辑：yaning | Marvin Meyer@marvelous/unsplash
Local high streets could be poised for a revival if the trend for home working continues, a survey suggests.
The Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors' latest commercial property survey found almost all members - 93% - saw businesses scaling back their office space in the next two years.
It said a move away from urban hubs could prompt a shift to neighbourhoods.
RICS found most members expect retail and office rents to fall further this year.
Three-quarters of the commercial property agencies and valuation businesses it surveyed, said the market was in a downturn, with just over one in 10 predicting conditions had reached the bottom of the cycle.
The vast majority of respondents thought rents would fall in the next three months, the most pessimistic reading since 2008.
Hew Edgar, head of UK government relations for RICS, warned of a "polo mint" effect - a hollowing out of city centres.
But he said this could bring benefits, if properly managed: "With downturn there can be opportunity, government must also look to replace uncertainty with stability; and fill the middle of the commercial sector polo mint.
"Offices and shops in city centres need support as people stay away from their normal workplace, and although local shop hubs are benefitting the market must be addressed as a whole."
Simon Robinson, RICS Chief Economist, said tenants are thinking about a shift because commercial property in central locations is more expensive, while people are wanting to work more from home and spend extra time in their neighbourhoods.
"For a lot of businesses they are thinking about that opportunity to move towards suburban locations. We're looking at a very different model going forward: there may still be a central location but it may just be a lot smaller."
He said that will free up property for housing.
"It's quite clear the pandemic is going to result in more space becoming available. One of the obvious answers to that is to begin... to think about addressing the housing crisis that we have through use of some of this space."
However, Mr Rubinsohn added building conversions must meet quality standards for housing.
"I think it's really important that standards form the backbone of this conversion process," he said.
Mr Edgar said the government's recent proposal to loosen building development laws was flawed.
"It is possible to deliver viable office-to-residential schemes through the more stringent planning permission process," he said. | 新冠疫情暴发以来，越来越多的公司选择让员工在家办公。最新调查显示，如果这一趋势继续下去，更多企业将缩小办公面积，并将办公区从市中心转移到郊区。
一项调查显示，如果在家办公的趋势继续下去，当地的商业街可能会迎来复苏。
英国皇家特许测量师学会最新的商业地产调查发现，几乎所有成员（93%）都认为企业将在未来两年内缩减办公面积。
scale back：相应缩减；按比例缩减
报告称，企业从城市中心搬离可能会引发向社区的转移。
该机构的调查发现，多数成员预计零售和写字楼租金今年将进一步下跌。
在该机构调查的商业地产机构和估值企业中，四分之三的机构和企业表示，市场正处于低迷状态，只有略高于十分之一的机构和企业预测市场状况已触底。
绝大多数受访机构和企业认为未来3个月房租将下降，为2008年以来最悲观的数据。
商业部门“空心薄荷”效应
英国皇家特许测量师学会英国政府关系负责人休•埃德加警告称，可能会出现“空心薄荷”效应——城市中心被掏空。
但他表示，如果管理得当，这可能带来好处：“在经济低迷时期，也可能存在机会，政府还必须寻求用稳定来取代不确定性，解决商业部门的‘空心薄荷’效应。”
“由于人们远离他们的正常工作场所，市中心的办公室和商店需要支持，尽管当地的购物中心正在受益，但市场必须作为一个整体来对待。”
皇家特许测量师学会首席经济学家西蒙•鲁宾逊表示，租户们正在考虑搬离，因为中心地段的商业地产价格更高，而人们希望更多地在家工作，并把额外的时间花费在附近社区。
“对于很多企业来说，他们正在考虑向郊区转移的机会。我们展望的是一种非常不同的未来模式：城市可能仍然有一个中心，但可能会小很多。”
解决住房危机
他说，这将使更多商业地产改造为住房。
“很明显，新冠疫情将使可用空间增多。一个显而易见的答案是……考虑通过利用这些空间来解决住房危机。”
然而，鲁宾逊先生补充说，建筑改造必须符合住房的质量标准。
他说：“我认为，在这一转变过程中，标准是非常重要的，是其中的关键因素。”
埃德加表示，政府最近提出的放松建筑开发法规的建议存在缺陷。
他说：“通过更严格的规划许可程序，有可能实现可行的将办公室改造为住宅的计划。”
英文来源：BBC
翻译&编辑：yaning |
新冠疫情期间英国骑车和步行人数大增，英国政府认为，这是改变人们出行方式的大好机会，决定斥资20亿英镑增设自行车和步行空间，发放修理自行车代金券，并鼓励医生开出“骑车处方”。
Photo by Coen van den Broek on Unsplash
UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson has unveiled plans for a “cycling and walking revolution” that, if fully realized, could recalibrate the way people move around towns and cities.
英国首相鲍里斯·约翰逊日前公布了“骑车与步行革命”计划，如果完全实现，将会重塑人们在城镇的出行方式。
recalibrate [rɪ'kælɪbreɪt]: vt. 重新校准，再校准
The move comes as authorities attempt to boost public health by capitalizing on people’s renewed interest in travelling by bike and on foot during the coronavirus pandemic.
当局试图利用新冠疫情期间人们对骑车和步行重新燃起兴趣的契机来增进公众健康。
The plans, which are specifically related to England, are to be funded by £2 billion.
该计划将耗资20亿英镑（约合人民币184亿元），只在英格兰范围内进行。
Wide-ranging in their scope, they include initiatives such as: providing cycling training to children and adults if they want it; developing an extensive network of protected bike routes; and creating “low-traffic neighbourhoods.”
这项内容广泛的计划包括：向有需要的儿童和成人提供骑车培训；发展完善受保护的自行车道网络；打造“低车流量的社区”。
In addition, the UK government will pilot a project in some areas of “poor health rates” to encourage doctors to prescribe cycling to patients through a bike lending scheme.
另外，英国政府将在“健康率低”的一些地区试点一个项目，鼓励医生通过自行车租赁计划给患者开出骑车处方。
The government released 50,000 vouchers worth £50 to enable cyclists in England to repair their bikes and get them back on the road.
政府已经发放了5万张价值50英镑的代金券，供英格兰的骑行者修理自行车，让旧车回到路上。
In a statement issued on July 28, Johnson described cycling and walking as having “a huge role to play in tackling some of the biggest health and environmental challenges that we face.”
在7月28日发布的一份声明中，约翰逊将骑车和步行描述为“在应对我们面临的一些重大的健康和环境挑战过程中扮演重要角色”。
Xavier Brice, the CEO of Sustrans, a charity focused on cycling and walking, said the new plans marked “a big step forward” by the government.
专注于骑车和步行的慈善机构Sustrans的首席执行官泽维尔·布莱斯说，新计划标志着政府“向前迈出的一大步”。
"By helping more people to leave the car at home for shorter journeys, this package of measures will cut pollution, tackle the causes of poor health, and improve the safety of our streets,” he added.
他补充道：“通过帮助更多人用不开车的方式来短途出行，这一揽子措施将会降低污染、从根源解决健康不良的问题，并改善道路安全。”
The coronavirus pandemic has already had a significant impact on the way people move about towns and cities. Public transport use in the UK has fallen dramatically, while some parts of the country have changed their layout to make it easier for people to get around by bike or by walking.
新冠疫情已经对人们在城镇的出行方式产生了重大影响。英国公共交通的使用率大幅下降，部分地区已经改变了道路布局，方便人们骑车或走路出行。
In the UK capital, for example, the “Streetspace for London” program has seen sidewalks widened and temporary bike lanes installed.
以英国首都为例，“伦敦街道空间”项目已经加宽了人行道，还设置了临时自行车道。
Johnson's announcement follows on from the government releasing details of a new obesity strategy on July 27. This includes plans to ban online and television ads for “unhealthy” food before 9:00 pm and the scrapping of buy one get one free offers for foods with high sugar and fat content.
在约翰逊宣布这一计划前，政府在7月27日公布了一项控制肥胖新战略的细节。其中包括禁止晚上9点前在网络和电视播放“不健康”食品的广告，以及叫停高糖高脂食品买一送一的促销活动。
英文来源：CNBC
翻译&编辑：丹妮 | Photo by Coen van den Broek on Unsplash
UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson has unveiled plans for a “cycling and walking revolution” that, if fully realized, could recalibrate the way people move around towns and cities.
The move comes as authorities attempt to boost public health by capitalizing on people’s renewed interest in travelling by bike and on foot during the coronavirus pandemic.
The plans, which are specifically related to England, are to be funded by £2 billion.
Wide-ranging in their scope, they include initiatives such as: providing cycling training to children and adults if they want it; developing an extensive network of protected bike routes; and creating “low-traffic neighbourhoods.”
In addition, the UK government will pilot a project in some areas of “poor health rates” to encourage doctors to prescribe cycling to patients through a bike lending scheme.
The government released 50,000 vouchers worth £50 to enable cyclists in England to repair their bikes and get them back on the road.
In a statement issued on July 28, Johnson described cycling and walking as having “a huge role to play in tackling some of the biggest health and environmental challenges that we face.”
Xavier Brice, the CEO of Sustrans, a charity focused on cycling and walking, said the new plans marked “a big step forward” by the government.
"By helping more people to leave the car at home for shorter journeys, this package of measures will cut pollution, tackle the causes of poor health, and improve the safety of our streets,” he added.
The coronavirus pandemic has already had a significant impact on the way people move about towns and cities. Public transport use in the UK has fallen dramatically, while some parts of the country have changed their layout to make it easier for people to get around by bike or by walking.
In the UK capital, for example, the “Streetspace for London” program has seen sidewalks widened and temporary bike lanes installed.
Johnson's announcement follows on from the government releasing details of a new obesity strategy on July 27. This includes plans to ban online and television ads for “unhealthy” food before 9:00 pm and the scrapping of buy one get one free offers for foods with high sugar and fat content. | 新冠疫情期间英国骑车和步行人数大增，英国政府认为，这是改变人们出行方式的大好机会，决定斥资20亿英镑增设自行车和步行空间，发放修理自行车代金券，并鼓励医生开出“骑车处方”。
英国首相鲍里斯·约翰逊日前公布了“骑车与步行革命”计划，如果完全实现，将会重塑人们在城镇的出行方式。
recalibrate [rɪ'kælɪbreɪt]: vt. 重新校准，再校准
当局试图利用新冠疫情期间人们对骑车和步行重新燃起兴趣的契机来增进公众健康。
该计划将耗资20亿英镑（约合人民币184亿元），只在英格兰范围内进行。
这项内容广泛的计划包括：向有需要的儿童和成人提供骑车培训；发展完善受保护的自行车道网络；打造“低车流量的社区”。
另外，英国政府将在“健康率低”的一些地区试点一个项目，鼓励医生通过自行车租赁计划给患者开出骑车处方。
政府已经发放了5万张价值50英镑的代金券，供英格兰的骑行者修理自行车，让旧车回到路上。
在7月28日发布的一份声明中，约翰逊将骑车和步行描述为“在应对我们面临的一些重大的健康和环境挑战过程中扮演重要角色”。
专注于骑车和步行的慈善机构Sustrans的首席执行官泽维尔·布莱斯说，新计划标志着政府“向前迈出的一大步”。
他补充道：“通过帮助更多人用不开车的方式来短途出行，这一揽子措施将会降低污染、从根源解决健康不良的问题，并改善道路安全。”
新冠疫情已经对人们在城镇的出行方式产生了重大影响。英国公共交通的使用率大幅下降，部分地区已经改变了道路布局，方便人们骑车或走路出行。
以英国首都为例，“伦敦街道空间”项目已经加宽了人行道，还设置了临时自行车道。
在约翰逊宣布这一计划前，政府在7月27日公布了一项控制肥胖新战略的细节。其中包括禁止晚上9点前在网络和电视播放“不健康”食品的广告，以及叫停高糖高脂食品买一送一的促销活动。
英文来源：CNBC
翻译&编辑：丹妮 |
螺蛳粉最近真的火到出圈了。
居家隔离的日子里，没法约火锅、撸串，袋装螺蛳粉就格外吃货友好了。再加上各大电商主播推波助澜，螺蛳粉乘势而出。
1月2日，在柳州市一家螺蛳粉店，顾客端着一碗螺蛳粉准备食用。（图片来源：新华社）
One of the best-selling ready-to-serve food for stay-at-home foodies amid the epidemic in China might surprise many — an instant river-snail noodle known for its stinky smell, Luosifen.
近日，柳州市商务局提供的数据显示，去年袋装螺蛳粉产值突破60亿元，今年上半年已经达到49.8亿元，预计今年全年将达90亿元。
今年5月，柳州人甚至还成立了柳州螺蛳粉产业学院，今年计划招生500人。
Liang Xuhui, deputy Party secretary of Liuzhou, said the city government attaches great importance to the development of the luosifen industry, which is now worth more than 10 billion yuan ($1.43 billion) a year. “The establishment of the luosifen school is expected to help advance the enterprise," Liang said, adding it would receive subsidies and policy support from the local government.
柳州市委副书记梁旭辉表示，柳州政府非常重视螺蛳粉产业的发展，目前该产业年产值超过100亿元。他说：“螺蛳粉学院的成立能推进企业发展，学校将得到当地政府的补贴和政策支持。”
从特色小吃到网红美食
螺蛳粉起源于上世纪70年代末，80年代初，当时只是柳州街头上便宜的小吃。
自2012年在《舌尖上的中国》露面，这碗配料丰富，味道独特的米粉吸引了大江南北的美食爱好者。
螺蛳粉之所以能获得大家青睐，奥妙就在汤底。
地道的螺蛳汤由柳州本地青螺与辣椒，大蒜，紫苏等十三种天然香料一起爆炒，然后再加水慢火熬制数小时而成，是不是听起来就让人流口水呢！
这样鲜辣酸爽的汤底，再配上劲道的米粉，辅以酸豆角，酸笋，木耳，花生米，油炸腐竹，萝卜干等食材，大家不爱都难。
它虽然不像兰州拉面，沙县小吃那样随处可见，但却通过网络和物流，摆上了我们家里的餐桌。
As an iconic dish in Liuzhou, packaged versions of the noodles became popular during the COVID-19 lockdown as its unique flavor and convenience won over customers staying inside their homes.
疫情隔离期间，作为柳州特色美食，袋装螺蛳粉因其风味独特，煮食方便赢得大家喜爱。
数月来，螺蛳粉更是几度登上热搜。
老外也吃起螺蛳粉
不仅国内的小伙伴沉迷螺蛳粉，外国朋友们也逐渐get到了螺蛳粉的美味。
中国的美食博主们在国际视频平台上崭露头角，日渐成熟的电商和发达的物流，让越来越多的海外朋友爱上嗦粉。
Luosifen often shows up in videos by food bloggers and Mukbang uploaders. One of the most influential is Li Ziqi, who has 11.4 million subscribers on YouTube. Her video of how to make Luosifen has gained more than 42 million views on the website.
螺蛳粉也经常出现在美食博主和吃播播主的视频中，其中最有影响力的是李子柒。她在YouTube上有1140万订阅者，制作螺蛳粉的视频获得超过4200万的点击量。
Mukbang指吃播（韩语“吃饭”和“播放”的结合）
Youtube上李子柒制作螺蛳粉的视频突破了4千万次播放量。从抓螺蛳、采笋、腌制豇豆一步一步开始，浪漫田园诗似的螺蛳粉制作过程，让评论区一片艳羡。
很多国外播主也拍摄过螺蛳粉试吃的视频，拿着叉子像吃意大利面一样卷起螺蛳粉的样子让观者感到一种“错位”的快乐。
在这些“老外”的餐厅评论和试吃分享里，他们一点不吝惜自己对这碗“臭粉”的爱：
Morag Hobbs :
"In terms of flavour, it didn’t taste as odd as I was expecting, and was very similar to a pork or chicken broth with a hint of something else, which I suppose was snail. The chili oil complimented it well and the pickles added a little crunch to the dish. I’d definitely order luosifen again next time I’m in Guangxi!"
“螺蛳粉尝起来并没有想象中那么奇怪，味道很像猪肉汤或者鸡汤，不过夹杂着一丝别的味道，应该是螺蛳。倒上辣椒油以后味道刚刚好，酸豆角也添了点嚼劲儿。下次去广西我一定要再吃一碗！”
1月2日，在柳州市螺蛳粉产业园螺状元食品有限公司车间，工人在生产线上包装螺蛳粉。
下面这位则是对汤底情有独钟。这点评已经是有点专业级别的了。
Katherine Hamilton:
"The broth, as far as I'm concerned, is what makes the soup so special: It was simultaneously spicy, pungent, earthy, sour, and funky, while allowing the flavor of all the toppings to shine through. The silky, slippery round rice noodles, just a little thicker than spaghetti, were a welcome reprieve from the robust flavors while adding another dimension of texture."
“我认为螺蛳粉的精华在汤，喝起来麻辣酸臭，带点泥土味儿，却没有盖住其他配料的香味。圆米粉入口顺滑，比意大利粉粗一点点，解辣的同时，多了分别致的口感。”
从出口的数据上看，螺蛳粉今年的出口额呈现“井喷”式的增长。
A total of around 7.5 million yuan (US$1.1 million) worth of luosifen were exported from Liuzhou, South China's Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region, from January to June, eight times the total export value of 2019.
今年1月至6月，广西壮族自治区柳州出口了价值约750万元(110万美元)的螺蛳粉，是2019年出口总额的8倍。
In addition to the traditional export markets such as the United States, Australia and some European countries, shipments of the ready-to-serve food were also delivered to new markets, including Singapore and New Zealand.
除美国、澳大利亚和欧洲国家以外，即食螺蛳粉还首次进入新加坡、新西兰等国家。
看来这又香又臭的螺蛳粉的确是征服了一众外国朋友的味蕾。
但也并不是每个外国朋友都好这口。大家还记得去年11月螺蛳粉上热搜的故事吗？
一名在欧洲留学的中国学生在宿舍煮了一碗螺蛳粉，却被意大利邻居误以为是在研究生化武器，吓得赶紧报了警……
享受美味的同时，小伙伴们知道螺蛳粉的这些食材用英语怎么说吗？和双语君一起来学习吧！
螺蛳
river snails
米粉
rice noodles
油炸花生
fried peanuts
黑木耳
black fungus
油炸腐竹
fried tofu skins
萝卜干
dried turnip
酸豆角
pickled cowpeas
藕片
lotus root slices
酸笋
sour bamboo shoots
看完这篇，晚餐还不安排一碗？
编辑：李雪晴
实习生：康喆
参考来源：CGTN、新华网、人民网、中国日报、21世纪英文报等 | One of the best-selling ready-to-serve food for stay-at-home foodies amid the epidemic in China might surprise many — an instant river-snail noodle known for its stinky smell, Luosifen.
Liang Xuhui, deputy Party secretary of Liuzhou, said the city government attaches great importance to the development of the luosifen industry, which is now worth more than 10 billion yuan ($1.43 billion) a year. “The establishment of the luosifen school is expected to help advance the enterprise," Liang said, adding it would receive subsidies and policy support from the local government.
As an iconic dish in Liuzhou, packaged versions of the noodles became popular during the COVID-19 lockdown as its unique flavor and convenience won over customers staying inside their homes.
Luosifen often shows up in videos by food bloggers and Mukbang uploaders. One of the most influential is Li Ziqi, who has 11.4 million subscribers on YouTube. Her video of how to make Luosifen has gained more than 42 million views on the website.
Morag Hobbs :
"In terms of flavour, it didn’t taste as odd as I was expecting, and was very similar to a pork or chicken broth with a hint of something else, which I suppose was snail. The chili oil complimented it well and the pickles added a little crunch to the dish. I’d definitely order luosifen again next time I’m in Guangxi!"
Katherine Hamilton:
"The broth, as far as I'm concerned, is what makes the soup so special: It was simultaneously spicy, pungent, earthy, sour, and funky, while allowing the flavor of all the toppings to shine through. The silky, slippery round rice noodles, just a little thicker than spaghetti, were a welcome reprieve from the robust flavors while adding another dimension of texture."
A total of around 7.5 million yuan (US$1.1 million) worth of luosifen were exported from Liuzhou, South China's Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region, from January to June, eight times the total export value of 2019.
In addition to the traditional export markets such as the United States, Australia and some European countries, shipments of the ready-to-serve food were also delivered to new markets, including Singapore and New Zealand.
river snails
rice noodles
fried peanuts
black fungus
fried tofu skins
dried turnip
pickled cowpeas
lotus root slices
sour bamboo shoots | 螺蛳粉最近真的火到出圈了。
居家隔离的日子里，没法约火锅、撸串，袋装螺蛳粉就格外吃货友好了。再加上各大电商主播推波助澜，螺蛳粉乘势而出。
1月2日，在柳州市一家螺蛳粉店，顾客端着一碗螺蛳粉准备食用。（图片来源：新华社）
近日，柳州市商务局提供的数据显示，去年袋装螺蛳粉产值突破60亿元，今年上半年已经达到49.8亿元，预计今年全年将达90亿元。
今年5月，柳州人甚至还成立了柳州螺蛳粉产业学院，今年计划招生500人。
柳州市委副书记梁旭辉表示，柳州政府非常重视螺蛳粉产业的发展，目前该产业年产值超过100亿元。他说：“螺蛳粉学院的成立能推进企业发展，学校将得到当地政府的补贴和政策支持。”
从特色小吃到网红美食
螺蛳粉起源于上世纪70年代末，80年代初，当时只是柳州街头上便宜的小吃。
自2012年在《舌尖上的中国》露面，这碗配料丰富，味道独特的米粉吸引了大江南北的美食爱好者。
螺蛳粉之所以能获得大家青睐，奥妙就在汤底。
地道的螺蛳汤由柳州本地青螺与辣椒，大蒜，紫苏等十三种天然香料一起爆炒，然后再加水慢火熬制数小时而成，是不是听起来就让人流口水呢！
这样鲜辣酸爽的汤底，再配上劲道的米粉，辅以酸豆角，酸笋，木耳，花生米，油炸腐竹，萝卜干等食材，大家不爱都难。
它虽然不像兰州拉面，沙县小吃那样随处可见，但却通过网络和物流，摆上了我们家里的餐桌。
疫情隔离期间，作为柳州特色美食，袋装螺蛳粉因其风味独特，煮食方便赢得大家喜爱。
数月来，螺蛳粉更是几度登上热搜。
老外也吃起螺蛳粉
不仅国内的小伙伴沉迷螺蛳粉，外国朋友们也逐渐get到了螺蛳粉的美味。
中国的美食博主们在国际视频平台上崭露头角，日渐成熟的电商和发达的物流，让越来越多的海外朋友爱上嗦粉。
螺蛳粉也经常出现在美食博主和吃播播主的视频中，其中最有影响力的是李子柒。她在YouTube上有1140万订阅者，制作螺蛳粉的视频获得超过4200万的点击量。
Mukbang指吃播（韩语“吃饭”和“播放”的结合）
Youtube上李子柒制作螺蛳粉的视频突破了4千万次播放量。从抓螺蛳、采笋、腌制豇豆一步一步开始，浪漫田园诗似的螺蛳粉制作过程，让评论区一片艳羡。
很多国外播主也拍摄过螺蛳粉试吃的视频，拿着叉子像吃意大利面一样卷起螺蛳粉的样子让观者感到一种“错位”的快乐。
在这些“老外”的餐厅评论和试吃分享里，他们一点不吝惜自己对这碗“臭粉”的爱：
“螺蛳粉尝起来并没有想象中那么奇怪，味道很像猪肉汤或者鸡汤，不过夹杂着一丝别的味道，应该是螺蛳。倒上辣椒油以后味道刚刚好，酸豆角也添了点嚼劲儿。下次去广西我一定要再吃一碗！”
1月2日，在柳州市螺蛳粉产业园螺状元食品有限公司车间，工人在生产线上包装螺蛳粉。
下面这位则是对汤底情有独钟。这点评已经是有点专业级别的了。
“我认为螺蛳粉的精华在汤，喝起来麻辣酸臭，带点泥土味儿，却没有盖住其他配料的香味。圆米粉入口顺滑，比意大利粉粗一点点，解辣的同时，多了分别致的口感。”
从出口的数据上看，螺蛳粉今年的出口额呈现“井喷”式的增长。
今年1月至6月，广西壮族自治区柳州出口了价值约750万元(110万美元)的螺蛳粉，是2019年出口总额的8倍。
除美国、澳大利亚和欧洲国家以外，即食螺蛳粉还首次进入新加坡、新西兰等国家。
看来这又香又臭的螺蛳粉的确是征服了一众外国朋友的味蕾。
但也并不是每个外国朋友都好这口。大家还记得去年11月螺蛳粉上热搜的故事吗？
一名在欧洲留学的中国学生在宿舍煮了一碗螺蛳粉，却被意大利邻居误以为是在研究生化武器，吓得赶紧报了警……
享受美味的同时，小伙伴们知道螺蛳粉的这些食材用英语怎么说吗？和双语君一起来学习吧！
螺蛳
米粉
油炸花生
黑木耳
油炸腐竹
萝卜干
酸豆角
藕片
酸笋
看完这篇，晚餐还不安排一碗？
编辑：李雪晴
实习生：康喆
参考来源：CGTN、新华网、人民网、中国日报、21世纪英文报等 |