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6429-1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=3355950
The wood carvers of Sheopur, with great sensitivity and skill transform different varieties of wood. The crafts persons of Sheopur make pipes, masks, toys, doors, stands, windows, wooden memorials, flower vases, bedposts and cradle posts etc. The important rivers like Chambal, Seep and Kuno drain the district. The Chambal, which originates in the Indore district, forms the northwestern boundary of Madhya Pradesh with Rajasthan. History. There is no conclusive documented source available that traces the historical origin of Sheopur Fort. However a Jain pillar edict dated 1026 A.D. refers to the existence of the Sheopur fort. The 17th century poet Khadag Rai of Gwalior, in his renowned work "Gopanchala Akhyana" mentions Sheopur. According to his account the king of Nareshar Ajay Pal (1194–1219) had declared Sheopur as his capital. In 1301 A.D. Alauddin Khalji after capturing the Ranthambhor fort, captured the Sheopur fort as well, which was under king Hammir Dev at that time. In 1489, Sultan Mahmood Khalji of Malwa captured and established it as an integrated part of the Malwa Sultanate.
actual genesis
{ "text": [ "historical origin" ], "answer_start": [ 508 ] }
7579-1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60744064
Service history. The yacht was ordered for construction from John I. Thornycroft & Company at their yard in Woolston, Southampton, United Kingdom by Dr. Ernest G. Stanley, a nephew of Rudyard Kipling. The vessel's yard number was 1115 and the ship was launched on 11 May 1933. Completed in August 1933, the vessel was named "Trenora" by Stanley and was acquired by him to help support the lagging shipbuilding industry during the Great Depression. George Sutherland-Leveson-Gower, 5th Duke of Sutherland purchased "Trenora" in the 1930s and renamed the vessel "Sans Peur" after the motto of Clan Sutherland. The Duke of Sutherland used "Sans Peur" to visit his business holdings in British Columbia while on a world cruise with a friend. While cruising off California in 1939, "Sans Peur" grounded on a sandbank. The ship had grounded off Espiritu Santo Island in the Gulf of California. The vessel's captain had managed to refloat "Sans Peur" and anchor it, but a hole had been opened in the bottom and the ship lay partly flooded. With the aid of the tugboat "Retriever", the vessel was made sound and the ship resumed its journey. "Sans Peur" and the Duke of Sutherland was off the coast of British Columbia when World War II broke out.
commercial properties
{ "text": [ "business holdings" ], "answer_start": [ 665 ] }
9634-2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1038613
It was reported that a Su-9 was involved in the interception of Francis Gary Powers' U-2 on Soviet territory on 1 May 1960. A newly manufactured Su-9 which was in transit flight happened to be near Powers' U-2. The Su-9 was unarmed and was directed to ram the U-2. One ramming attempt was made and the Su-9 missed the U-2, primarily due to large difference in the speed of the two planes. No further ramming attempt was made due to Su-9's lack of fuel. Its pilot, Captain Igor Mentyukov later claimed that his slipstream had caused the U-2 to break apart. He discounts the official version that the U-2 was shot down by an SA-2 missile, saying that Captain Powers could not have survived such a hit. On September 4, 1959 a modified Su-9 (designated T-431 by the bureau) piloted by Vladimir Sergeievitch Ilyushin set a new world record for absolute height, at 28,852 m (94,658 ft). In November of the same year Ilyushin set several new sustained speed/altitude records in the same aircraft. This record was later broken on 6 December 1959 by Commander Lawrence E. Flint Jr., who performed a zoom climb to a world record of 98,557 ft (30,040 m) while piloting an F4H-1 Phantom. Design.
sizeable dissimilarity
{ "text": [ "large difference" ], "answer_start": [ 340 ] }
10047-1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=340594
His guitar riffs would often serve as the basis of the group's songs, with the other members writing their parts to complement his guitar work. His melodic riff featured in the song "Behind the Sun" inspired the group to create "pretty" songs with an emphasis on melody. Kiedis describes the song as "pure Hillel inspiration". Slovak also used a talk box on songs such as "Green Heaven" and "Funky Crime", in which the sounds of his amplified guitar would be played through a tube into his mouth and then back into a microphone, creating psychedelic, voice-like effects. Slovak helped to incorporate new sounds in the group's work, including adding occasional drum machines. Despite the fact that the group billed itself as "The Organic Anti-Beat Box Band", Kiedis states that Slovak showed the group that drum machines could be used as artistic instruments. Slovak's work was one of the major contributing factors to Red Hot Chili Peppers' early sound. When Kiedis and Flea were searching for a new guitarist to replace Slovak, Kiedis likened the experience to "shopping for a new Mom and Dad" because of his influence over the band. Flea, who originally listened exclusively to jazz, added that Slovak introduced him to a new genre of music, saying that "it was Hillel who first got me into hard rockin. He was also a huge influence on a young John Frusciante, who would later replace him as guitarist in the band. Frusciante based a lot of his playing style on Slovak's work, and explained, "I learned everything I needed to know about how to sound good with Flea by studying Hillel's playing and I just took it sideways from there."
driving forces
{ "text": [ "major contributing factors" ], "answer_start": [ 888 ] }
10390-1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=208814
Although attracted to each other, they part ways and Johnny spends the night in a beachside inn. The next morning, at the same inn, Joyce sees Johnny at breakfast and reveals she also stayed at the same inn. They decide to walk on the beach to look for moonstones. Whilst purchasing a bus ticket for Los Angeles, Johnny hears the radio announce that Helen has been murdered and that Johnny is suspected. He then quickly leaves to board a bus. The police interview Newell, Harwood, Buzz and George. After Johnny checks into a cheap hotel in Los Angeles under an assumed name, Corelli, the hotel manager, finds Johnny's framed photo of himself with Dickie and tries to blackmail him. Johnny punches Corelli out smashing the frame in the process, he discovers on the back of the photo, Helen has written an insurance note revealing that Eddie is really Bauer, a murderer who is wanted in New Jersey. Corelli revives and sells information on Johnny's identity to a gangster named Leo (the nightclub partner of Eddie), who then kidnaps Johnny when he visits George and Buzz. Buzz and George visit Eddie at the Blue Dahlia. Joyce who has agreed to meet Eddie introduces herself.
coach pass
{ "text": [ "bus ticket" ], "answer_start": [ 285 ] }
6986-1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=15845555
The winner of the race, according to the title of the advert, is Black. After its owner is shown celebrating with others with a pint of Guinness, Black is shown in a used, tipped over Guinness pint glass whilst the slogan appears. The advertisement was filmed in Cuba, and is said to have first aired on British television in 2000, although it is also believed to have first aired on 2 December 1999. The advert originally ran for ninety seconds. A shorter, forty second edit of the advert, beginning with the shot being fired to start the race, began to air after a while. Parody. Serving as advertisements for Guinness' Summer 2004 and 2005 Extra Cold campaign, ten-second parodies of many famous Guinness advertisements were created which turn elements from the original advertisements affected by 'extra cold' environments. One such example, "Snail", features a snail from the race, presumably Black, shivering at the start of the race and sneezing, pushing itself back. The tagline at the end reads "Guinness but Extra Cold". "Snail" was created by two London-based agencies, Exposure Films and Abbott Mead Vickers BBDO.
one instance like this
{ "text": [ "One such example" ], "answer_start": [ 828 ] }
14533-1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=472837
In comparison, the afterburning Rolls-Royce Spey used a twenty chute mixer before the fuel manifolds. Plenum chamber burning (PCB), was developed for the vectored thrust Bristol Siddeley BS100 engine for the Hawker Siddeley P.1154. The cold bypass and hot core airflows were split between two pairs of nozzles, front and rear, in the same manner as the Rolls-Royce Pegasus, and additional fuel and afterburning was applied to the front nozzles only. It would have given greater thrust for take-off and supersonic performance in an aircraft similar to, but bigger, than the Hawker Siddeley Harrier. Duct heating was used by Pratt & Whitney for their JTF17 turbofan proposal for the U.S. Supersonic Transport Program in 1964 and a demonstrator engine was run. The duct heater used an annular combustor and would be used for takeoff, climb and cruise at Mach 2.7 with different amounts of augmentation depending on aircraft weight. Design. A jet engine afterburner is an extended exhaust section containing extra fuel injectors. Since the jet engine upstream (i.e., before the turbine) will use little of the oxygen it ingests, additional fuel can be burned after the gas flow has left the turbines. When the afterburner is turned on, fuel is injected and igniters are fired. The resulting combustion process increases the afterburner exit (nozzle entry) temperature significantly, resulting in a steep increase in engine net thrust.
sharp escalation
{ "text": [ "steep increase" ], "answer_start": [ 1398 ] }
2686-2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=17686310
For the purpose of debts regulation debts can be distinguished by nationality of creditor (national or international), or by the currency of the debts (own currency or foreign currency) as well as whether the foreign creditors are private or state owned. States are frequently more willing to cancel debts owed to foreign private creditors, unless those creditors have means of retaliation against the state. Consequences for the state. When a state defaults on a debt, the state disposes of (or ignores, depending on the viewpoint) its financial obligations/debts towards certain creditors. The immediate effect for the state is a reduction in its total debt and a reduction in payments on the interest of that debt. On the other hand, a default can damage the reputation of the state among creditors, which can restrict the ability of the state to obtain credit from the capital market. In some cases foreign lenders may attempt to undermine the monetary sovereignty of the debtor state or even declare war (see above). Consequences for the citizen. If the individual citizen or corporate citizen is a creditor of the state (e.g. government bonds), then a default by the state can mean a devaluation of their monetary wealth. In addition, the following scenarios can occur in a debtor state from a sovereign default: Citizens of a debtor state might feel the impact indirectly through high unemployment and the decrease of state services and benefits.
fiscal resources
{ "text": [ "monetary wealth" ], "answer_start": [ 1211 ] }
7599-2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2627843
They pitch their coins one at a time from a mark at a given distance towards a hole in the ground. The competitors are ranked based on how close they come to the hole. The competitor closest to the hole receives all of the coins and proceeds to a second mark nearer to the hole, from which he throws all of the coins at once towards the hole. All of the coins that remain in the hole are his to keep. The remainder of the coins are given to the next closest competitor, and the process is repeated until no coins remain. A variation of the game called Chuck-Hole or Chuck-Penny was played in the same manner, with the exception that if the coins roll outside a ring drawn around the hole, it was declared a "dead heat," and each competitor reclaims his coin. The coins used were usually small denomination, farthings, halfpence, or pennies. Sometimes rough-cast leaden markers called "dumps" were used. Popular culture. Pitching Pennies is featured at the beginning of the hit film "The Purple Rose of Cairo" (1985) and at the end of the film "The Cincinnati Kid" (1965).
particular range
{ "text": [ "given distance" ], "answer_start": [ 54 ] }
5805-1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=75714
For example, the hand 8-5-4-3-2 defeats 9-7-6-4-3, because eight-high is lower than nine-high. The hand 7-6-5-4-2 defeats both, because seven-high is lower still. The hand 7-6-5-4-3 would lose, because it is a straight. Aces are low, so 8-5-4-3-A defeats 8-5-4-3-2. Also, A-A-9-5-3 (a pair of aces) defeats 2-2-5-4-3 (a pair of deuces), but both of those would lose to any no-pair hand such as K-J-8-6-4. In the rare event that hands with pairs tie, kickers are used just as in high poker (but reversed): 3-3-6-4-2 defeats 3-3-6-5-A. It is called ace-to-six low because the best possible hand is 6-4-3-2-A (also known as a Chicago Wheel or a 64), followed by 6-5-3-2-A, 6-5-4-2-A, 6-5-4-3-A, 7-4-3-2-A, 7-5-3-2-A, etc. When speaking, low hands are referred to by their highest-ranking card or cards. Any nine-high hand can be called "a nine", and is defeated by any "eight". Two cards are frequently used: the hand 8-6-5-4-2 can be called "an eight-six" and will defeat "an eight-seven" such as 8-7-5-4-A. A wild card plays as whatever rank would make the lowest hand.
whichever number
{ "text": [ "whatever rank" ], "answer_start": [ 1027 ] }
9416-1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=16459070
Record coal sales in 2005 were 967,242 t, which was an 8% increase compared with the total in 2004. A coal washing plant was under construction. In 2005, Coal Investment Corp. (CIC) of the British Virgin Islands and Meepong Investments (Pty.) Ltd. of Botswana entered into a joint venture to reevaluate the Mmamabula coal project. Mmamabula previously had been explored extensively by a number of organizations, which included AMAX Exploration Inc. of the United States, Anglo American Corp. of South Africa, the coal division of British Petroleum Ltd. of the United Kingdom, Charbonnages de France International Botswana, the Geological Survey of the Bechuanaland Protectorate, the Geological Survey of Botswana, and Shell Coal Botswana Ltd. Mmamabula's inland location and lack of process water had thwarted the prospect's development as a coal export project in the early 1980s. In 2005, CIC's local subsidiary, Meepong Resources (Pty) Ltd., proceeded with a feasibility study of the Mmamabula license, and the U.S. Trade and Development Agency awarded a contract to Delphos International, Ltd. of the United States to provide financial advisory assistance to the Botswana Ministry of Minerals, Energy, and Water Resources for the development of a 1,200-megawatt coal-fired powerplant at Mmamabula. Outlook. International interest in exploration for diamond and base and precious metals is expected to continue. The country's favorable geologic environment, mineral investment climate, low tax rates, and political stability are expected to continue to make Botswana a foreign mineral investment magnet. The Government encourages mineral value-added processing, but the paucity of water in landlocked Botswana has deterred large-scale industrial development. The country's small domestic market, the cost of transportation to ports in South Africa, and the perception of rampant Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) epidemic also limit the nation's attractiveness to investment by foreign manufacturers.
eight percent escalation
{ "text": [ "8% increase" ], "answer_start": [ 55 ] }
13619-2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=10948321
"This Is a Low" is a song by English rock band Blur for their third studio album, "Parklife". The song was released as a promotional single in 1995. Background and recording. Originally titled "We Are the Low", the song began life as an instrumental during the "Parklife" sessions. In the guitar solo, Graham Coxon played three solos, including one of him sat in front of his amp, turned up to maximum volume. According to bassist Alex James, Damon Albarn was finding it hard to write lyrics. In his autobiography, "A Bit of a Blur", he revealed that "for Christmas I bought him a handkerchief with a map of the shipping forecast regions on it... you can never tell where the muse is going to appear." "We always found the shipping forecast soothing," James explained.
the greatest level of amplification
{ "text": [ "maximum volume" ], "answer_start": [ 394 ] }
4675-2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=374963
Sanation, which advocated authoritarian rule, rested on a circle of Piłsudski's close associates, including Walery Sławek, Aleksander Prystor, Kazimierz Świtalski, Janusz Jędrzejewicz, Adam Koc, Józef Beck, Tadeusz Hołówko, and Edward Rydz-Śmigły. It preached the primacy of the national interest in governance, and contended against the system of parliamentary democracy. Background. Named after the Latin word for "healing" ("sanatio"), the Sanation movement mainly comprised former military officers who were disgusted with the perceived corruption in Polish politics. Sanation was a coalition of rightists, leftists and centrists whose main focus was the elimination of corruption and the reduction of inflation. Sanation appeared prior to the May 1926 "Coup d'État" and lasted until World War II but was never formalized. Piłsudski, though he had been the former leader of the Polish Socialist Party, had grown to disapprove of political parties, which he saw as promoting their own interests rather than supporting the state and the people. For this reason, the Sanation movement never led to the creation of a political party. Instead, in 1928 Sanation members created a "Bezpartyjny Blok Współpracy z Rządem" ("Nonpartisan Bloc for Cooperation with the Government"), a pro-government grouping that denied being a political party. History. Although Piłsudski never claimed personal power, he exercised extensive influence over Polish politics after Sanation took power in 1926.
private influence
{ "text": [ "personal power" ], "answer_start": [ 1380 ] }
5180-1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44082619
China is the largest country in the world by population, and the third largest by territory, sharing long borders with 14 other nations. Border conflicts and disputes have occurred many times between China and their neighbors during its history. In 1949, the Communist Party of China won the Chinese Civil War, gaining control of China. Since the 1980s, with the "reform and opening up", Chinese leaders have made economic development one of their first priorities. Chinese businesses often produce goods tailored to market expectations; therefore, Chinese products generally may lack quality when consumers prefer to pay a low price. Many companies and businesses also lack capital, industry expertise, and marketing power, leading to their manufacturing of counterfeit products. Many companies produce such goods to piggyback on the popularity of legitimate companies such as Apple, Hyatt and Starbucks are copied. However, by looking at the situation in the context of history, it is often argued that this is simply a normal transition in manufacturing, and that a phase of low quality and counterfeit manufacturing is not unique to China alone, as Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan have undergone very similar economic phases. Keeping the aforementioned information in mind, with high quality goods being delivered from Chinese firms such as Huawei and Lenovo in recent years, it can be observed that the state of Chinese manufacturing quality is ostensibly trending upward in limited sectors. The 2008 Chinese milk scandal was considered a signal of poor food safety, affecting thousands of people, and as a result, many Chinese parents do not trust Chinese milk products. In recent years, however, the Chinese government has taken many actions in order to prevent sales of substandard food.
audience reach
{ "text": [ "marketing power" ], "answer_start": [ 708 ] }
6597-2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=7107300
Tagasaste is a valued forage for ruminants because of its good palatability and high protein content. It can be grazed directly, or cut and fed fresh or dried. As a fodder crop tagasaste delivers between 23 and 27% crude protein (14–30% in Western Australia) and 18–24% crude indigestible fibre. With proper application of fertiliser it can maintain these levels even when grown on poor soils. Phosphorus is particularly important both for the growth of tagasaste and for the growth of the animals grazing on it. Higher levels of phosphorus are required for the maximum growth of the animals than for maximum plant growth. Fertiliser will also reduce the level of phenolic compounds (similar to tannins) that increase when the plants are moisture stressed. These phenolic compounds make the tagasaste less palatable and reduce the animals' feed intake. The phenolics suppress the utilisation of protein in the rumen, and as a result feed intake. Despite the crude protein always being above 14%, supplementing with a high-protein feed like lupin seed stimulates animal feed intake when phenolics are high in tagasaste. Tagasaste typically has the same nutritional value as the best type of alfalfa when planted on good soil balanced in nutrients.
superior variety
{ "text": [ "best type" ], "answer_start": [ 1177 ] }
108-1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=9370
Under Obiang, schools reopened and primary education expanded, public utilities and roads were restored, a favorable contrast with Macías' tyranny and terror, but his administration has been criticized for not implementing genuine democratic reforms. Corruption and a dysfunctional judicial system disrupt development of Equatorial Guinea's economy and society. In March 2001 the President appointed a new Prime Minister, Cándido Muatetema Rivas, and replaced several ministers perceived to be especially corrupt. However, the government budget still does not include all revenues and expenditures. The United Nations Development Programme has proposed a broad governance reform program, but the Equatorial Guinean Government has not moved very rapidly to implement it. Although Equatorial Guinea lacks a well-established democratic tradition comparable to the developed democracies of the West, it has progressed toward developing a participatory political system out of the anarchic, chaotic, and repressive conditions of the Macías years. In power since 1979, the Obiang government has made little progress in stimulating the economy. Extremely serious health and sanitary conditions persist, and the educational system remains in desperate condition. Although the abuses and atrocities that characterized the Macías years have been eliminated, effective rule of law does not exist. Religious freedom is tolerated. On December 15, 2002, Equatorial Guinea's four main opposition parties withdrew from the country's presidential election.
a dire situation
{ "text": [ "desperate condition" ], "answer_start": [ 1234 ] }
3482-1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=15719978
Reasons for enrolling most often revolve around difficulties at another, more traditional high school. These reasons can include discipline issues, addiction, teen pregnancy, learning disabilities/differences, difficulty adjusting socially etc. With a very low student–teacher ratio students are able to get much more one-on-one time. History. B.E.S.T. High School began in 1967 at the old Collins School site. In 1999, B.E.S.T. High School moved to its current location after the district opened its new Administrative Resource Center in Redmond Town Center. On October 8, 2003, BEST was the only school in Washington State to be visited by the USDA's "BAC" Mobile on its nationwide tour with physicians who facilitate all-day workshops and activities to promote food safety. In 2003, the BEST H.S. science department was recognized with the NSTA / Toyota TAPESTRY Award for Innovation in Science Literacy Education for its all-school “Senate Science Hearing."
behavioral problems
{ "text": [ "discipline issues" ], "answer_start": [ 129 ] }
9242-2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2147375
What is now the more accepted view of the piece, however, namely that it depicts the Greater Panathenaic procession from the Leokoreion by the Dipylon Gate, to the Acropolis, was mooted by Stuart and Revett in the second volume of their "Antiquities of Athens", 1787. Subsequent interpretations have built largely on this theory, even if they disallow that a temple sculpture could represent a contemporary event rather than a mythological or historical one. It has only been in recent years that an alternative thesis in which the frieze depicts the founding myth of the city of Athens instead of the festival "pompe" has emerged. The contention that the scene depicts the festival for Athena is fraught with problems. Later sources indicate that a number of classes of individual who performed a role in the procession are not present in the frieze, these include: the hoplites, the allies in the Delian League, the "skiaphoroi" or umbrella bearers, the female "hydraiphoroi" (only male hydrai bearers are portrayed), the "thetes", slaves, metics, the Panathenaic ship, and some would suggest the "kanephoros", although there is evidence that she is accounted for. That what we now see was meant to be a generic image of the religious festival is problematic since no other temple sculpture depicts a contemporary event involving mortals. Locating the scene in mythical or historical time has been the principal difficulty of the line of inquiry. John Boardman has suggested that the cavalry portray the heroization of the "Marathonomachoi", the hoplites who fell at Marathon in 490, and that, therefore these riders were the Athenians who took part in the last pre-war Greater Panathenaia. In support, he points out the number of horsemen, chariot passengers (but not charioteers), grooms, and marshals comes to the same as the number Herodotos gives for the Athenian dead: 192. Equally suggestive of a reference to the Persian Wars is the similarity several scholars have noted of the frieze to the Apadana sculpture in Persepolis. This has variously been posited to be democratic Athens counter-posing itself to oriental tyranny, or, aristocratic Athens emulating the Imperial East.
foremost problem
{ "text": [ "principal difficulty" ], "answer_start": [ 1404 ] }
6667-2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=5719785
Pacesetters was a proposed energy-harvesting scheme created by Facility Architects, a London-based design firm. Its announced aim was to harness the vibrations generated by activities within a city and generate electricity for lighting purposes. The electronics company Philips and Hull University also took part in the project. History. DARPA (Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency) of the United States pioneered research into the field of energy harvesting from vibrations, wanting to reduce the use of heavy rechargeable batteries that power communication devices carried by soldiers into battlefields. Most of the research was spent in development of "heel-strike" generators, powered by the pumping motion of a footstep, which would be embedded within a heel of an army boot. They succeeded in achieving upwards of 3 - 6 watts of power output.
intended purpose
{ "text": [ "announced aim" ], "answer_start": [ 116 ] }
7708-2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21794106
INRIX acquired ITIS, ParkMe, and OpenCar in 2011, 2015, and 2016 respectively. ITIS delivered daily traffic and travel information to millions of European drivers. Santa Monica, California-based ParkMe identified available parking spots and compares prices. OpenCar created applications and an open-sourced application framework for the car. Technology. INRIX collects anonymized data on congestion, traffic incidents, parking and weather-related road conditions from millions of data points daily in over 80 countries. The data is aggregated from connected cars and mobile devices, US state's Department of Transportation, cameras and sensors on roadways, and major events expected to affect traffic. In addition, INRIX works with local authorities to digitize rules of the road for highly automated vehicles (HAVs) operating on public roads, and information gathered from HAVs can be used for infrastructure improvements. In addition to its business-to-business solutions, INRIX develops its own apps and works with app developers for its OpenCar infotainment product. INRIX Traffic is an app that advises users on the ideal time to leave based on historical and real-time traffic data along their planned trip. The ParkMe Parking app helps users find, pay and drive to available parking near their destination.
perfect moment
{ "text": [ "ideal time" ], "answer_start": [ 1121 ] }
12185-1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=47374622
The most familiar principles of social order are kinship, estate, class, and role. Class and role are the most relevant to the social order of the liberal state. When determination of social place is governed by class, one's class membership tends to determine the job one holds. When determination of social place is by role, one's merit is the principle that determines the job one holds. Unger explains that the links between class and role can be so numerous that they appear indistinguishable. Unger points out that there could be a fundamental opposition between class and role—a role achieved by recognized merit could give access to consumption, power, and knowledge. Class would then become a consequence, not a cause, of role. Under the systems of kinship, estate, and class, there is a common reliance on personal dependence and personal domination as devices of social organization. By contrast with these earlier systems, the principle of role, at its fullest development, actualizes an ideal that moves away from personal dependence and domination. It embodies the ideal that power in the liberal state should be disciplined by prescriptive, impersonal rules. Power should not be held arbitrarily; in government, those with power must be chosen by election, and in private roles, by merit.
society level
{ "text": [ "social place" ], "answer_start": [ 184 ] }
12158-2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=17335858
Matches. All but one of QPR's pre-season fixtures were held away from Loftus Road while the ground underwent upgrading work ahead of the new season. Despite the optimism surrounding the club on the back of the investment and player transfers, Rangers suffered defeats in 3 out of 5 of their warm-up fixtures. The club started positively, winning 3–1 against Conference National side Stevenage Borough followed by a 1–0 win over Football League One side Northampton Town. However a pre-season tour to Scotland saw Rangers lose 2–0 and 1–0 (respectively) to Scottish Premier League sides Falkirk and Kilmarnock. The pre-season fixtures culminated in a 2–1 defeat at the hands of Serie A side Chievo in front of just 3,540 at Loftus Road. Events. Queens Park Rangers started the season against Barnsley at Loftus Road. Fitz Hall scored twice in as many minutes after Iain Hume put the Yorkshire side 1–0 up in the fifth minute. Hall also missed a penalty in the second half, but Rangers held on to win the game 2–1. A win at Swindon Town in the League Cup followed before the first defeat of the season, to Sheffield United, 3–0 at Bramall Lane.
refurbishing effort
{ "text": [ "upgrading work" ], "answer_start": [ 109 ] }
3084-1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12697682
In 1993, 50 years after the original formation of 102 Beach Sub Area, Headquarters Combat Service Support Group (Germany) was established in Gütersloh, Germany. In July 1999 the formation was re-titled 102 Logistic Brigade and in October 1999 the Halberd was officially adopted as the formation tactical recognition flash. The Halberd appears in Jeremiah as a symbol of strength, success and restoration. Its interpretation as a restorer of combat power following bloodshed, exhaustion and hunger reflects the operational role of 102 Logistic Brigade. The dual capability of the Halberd, both as a weapon and a hand tool represents the combination of artisan and technical skills, which complement the military training of Brigade personnel. Current organisation. Under the Army Regular Basing Announcement and the Reserve Basing Announcement, the Brigade changed its composition in line with the Army 2020 reforms. As of 27 February 2015, it was placed under operational control of 1st (United Kingdom) Division. A written statement in December 2016 stated that its headquarters will be rationalised, with all manpower in this unit being redeployed to other areas of the British Army. This was further confirmed in a FOI answer.
initial construction
{ "text": [ "original formation" ], "answer_start": [ 28 ] }
12548-1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=230355
Therefore, a high quality signal is received, compared to other programming options that are typically compressed and re-uplinked. Being a C-band system, the 4DTV has the advantage of signal stability, great satellite footprint and no rainfade. This is a problem with services such as Dish Network and DirecTV satellite providers since they re-uplink on Ku and Ka bands. Disadvantages. The master feeds for the many channels available can be scattered amongst multiple satellites. The actuator must slowly rotate the large dish into the desired satellite's signal path, and then a further short delay for signal acquisition and lock. This procedure makes rapid "channel surfing" impossible outside the HITS provided channels.
small pause
{ "text": [ "short delay" ], "answer_start": [ 589 ] }
14833-1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=144638
Safety audits were done every year in the US and European UCC plants, but only every two years in other parts of the world. Before a "Business Confidential" safety audit by UCC in May 1982, the senior officials of the corporation were well aware of "a total of 61 hazards, 30 of them major and 11 minor in the dangerous phosgene/methyl isocyanate units" in Bhopal. In the 1982 audit, it was indicated that worker performance was below standards. Ten major concerns were listed. UCIL prepared an action plan, but UCC never sent a follow-up team to Bhopal. Many of the items in the 1982 report were temporarily fixed, but by 1984, conditions had again deteriorated. In September 1984, an internal UCC report on the West Virginia plant in the United States revealed a number of defects and malfunctions. It warned that "a runaway reaction could occur in the MIC unit storage tanks, and that the planned response would not be timely or effective enough to prevent catastrophic failure of the tanks". This report was never forwarded to the Bhopal plant, although the main design was the same. Impossibility of the "negligence". According to the "Corporate Negligence" argument, workers had been cleaning out pipes with water nearby.
central layout
{ "text": [ "main design" ], "answer_start": [ 1062 ] }
6434-2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=32872543
It is found in shallow areas of the eastern Atlantic Ocean and the North Sea. Description. "P. miliaris" can reach a diameter of . The test is globular, somewhat flattened dorso-ventrally, and up to five centimetres in diameter. It is covered in short, equi-length robust spines. The test and spines of shallow water specimens are purplish-brown but specimens from deeper water have a greenish test and pale coloured spines with purple tips. If individuals are transferred from one depth range to another, they retain their original colouration in their new location. On each ambulacral plate there are three pairs of tubercles each with a spine attached, the central one being a primary spine. On the ventral side, the orifices are relatively small and the buccal membrane is closely packed with thick plates with many pedicellariae but no spines. The globiferous pedicellariae are numerous but small and the tridentate pedicellariae are stout with broad blades. Distribution and habitat.
a singular drop
{ "text": [ "one depth" ], "answer_start": [ 478 ] }
14015-2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1897833
If there is a policy failure or lapse on the part of the government, all the members of the cabinet are jointly responsible. If a vote of no confidence is passed against the government, then the government collapses and a new one must be formed. Executive branch. By general definition, the executive branch of government is the one that has sole authority and responsibility for the daily administration of the state bureaucracy. The division of power into separate branches of government is central to the republican idea of the separation of powers. The separation of powers system is designed to distribute authority away from the executive branch – an attempt to preserve individual liberty in response to tyrannical leadership throughout history. Prime Minister and Cabinet. The Prime Minister of Pakistan (Urdu: وزيراعظم; lit: 'Wazir-e- Azam"), is the executive head of government of Pakistan, constitutionally designated as the Chief Executive (CE). Popularly elected by direct elections in the parliament, the Prime minister is responsible for appointing a cabinet as well as running the government operations. The Prime Minister makes key appointments on various important positions, including; The Cabinet can have a maximum of 11 percent (50 members including the Prime Minister) of the total strength of the Parliament. Each Cabinet member must be a member of Parliament (MP).
widespread delineation
{ "text": [ "general definition" ], "answer_start": [ 267 ] }
13157-2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=13882616
The deaths of Muirchertach and Donnchad appear to have left the field open to less likely competitors. The Uí Néill king lists make Congalach Cnogba of the southern Síl nÁedo Sláine, a kin group long excluded from the succession, Donnchad's successor. Congalach was Donnchad's sister's son. However, Donnchad's apparent policy of making strategic marriages to rising families also made Ruaidrí his kinsman. His aunt, Cainnech ingen Canannáin (d. 929), had been Donnchad's first wife. Ruaidrí, whose home base was in the south of modern Donegal, first comes to notice after the death of Muirchertach. In 943 he defeated the Cenél nEógain and the northmen of Lough Foyle, killing Máel Ruanaid mac Flainn, Muirchertach's cousin. With the loss of Máel Ruanaid after Muirchertach, the Cenél nEógain were eclipsed, leaving Ruaidrí as master of the north at Donnchad's death. Most sources make Congalach Cnogba High King in succession to Donnchad. Sources claiming that Ruaidrí assumed the High Kingship after Donnchad, either alone or jointly with Congalach, are: the "Prophecy of Berchán", an 11th-century historical poem presented as a prophecy; the southern, anti-Uí Néill "Annals of Innisfallen"; and the 12th-century "Cogad Gáedel re Gallaib" ("The War of the Irish with the Foreigners") a wildly successful work of propaganda authored on behalf of the descendants of Brian Bóruma. The form of the "Prophecy of Berchán" makes identifying the subjects, who are referred to by often obscure epithets rather than names, sometimes difficult.
central office
{ "text": [ "whose home base" ], "answer_start": [ 493 ] }
6918-2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=6870228
Internal RAM, or IRAM or on-chip RAM (OCRAM), is the address range of RAM that is internal to the CPU. Some object files contain an .iram section. Internal RAM (Random-Access Memory). History of Random-Access Memory (RAM). Earlier forms of what we have today as DRAM started as drum memory which was an early form of memory for computers. The drum would have to be pre-loaded with data and small heads in the drum would read and write the pre-loaded information. After drum memory came Magnetic-core memory which would store information using the polarity of ferrite donuts' magnetic fields. Through these early trial and errors of computing memory, the final result was Dynamic Random Access Memory which we use today in our devices. Dynamic Random Access Memory or (RAM) was first invented in 1968 by Robert Dennard.
beginning attempts
{ "text": [ "early trial" ], "answer_start": [ 606 ] }
9757-2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=22368461
It remains the starting point and 'default position', to which other hypotheses are compared in modern reviews of the evidence. Widespread extermination and displacement of the native peoples of Britain is still considered a viable possibility by a number of scholars. Such a view is broadly supported by the linguistic and toponymic evidence, as well as the few primary sources from the time. Another theory has challenged this view and proposes that the Anglo-Saxon migration was an elite takeover, similar to the Norman Conquest, rather than a large-scale migration, and that the bulk of the population was composed of Britons who adopted the culture of the conquerors. Bryan Ward-Perkins argues that while "culturally, the later Anglo-Saxons and English did emerge as remarkably un-British, ... their genetic, biological make-up is none the less likely to have been substantially, indeed predominantly, British". Within this theory, two processes leading to Anglo-Saxonisation have been proposed. One is similar to culture changes observed in Russia, North Africa and parts of the Islamic world, where a politically and socially powerful minority culture becomes, over a rather short period, adopted by a settled majority. This process is usually termed 'elite dominance'. The second process is explained through incentives, such as the wergild outlined in the law code of Ine of Wessex. The wergild of an Englishman was set at a value twice that of a Briton of similar wealth. However, some Britons could be very prosperous and own five hides of land, which gave thegn-like status, with a wergild of 600 shillings.
beginning place
{ "text": [ "default position" ], "answer_start": [ 35 ] }
10502-1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24224679
Migraine without aura also referred to as a "common migraine", (previously known as "hemicrania simplex") is a specific neurological disorder characterized by recurrent, throbbing headaches that often affect one side of the head (i.e., it is unilateral), are of at least moderate pain intensity, and may cause nausea, phonophobia or photophobia. One defining characteristic of the common migraine is a lack of the visual disturbances known as an aura. The exact International Classification of Headache Disorders diagnostic criteria appear to the right. Because migraine without aura can be hard to distinguish from an "infrequent episodic tension-type headache", 5 attacks must have been experienced to meet the diagnosis. When migraine without aura is likely, but 5 attacks have not occurred, a diagnosis of "probable migraine without aura" (ICHD-2: 1.6.1) is warranted. For children, the criteria are slightly less strict. For a pediatric diagnosis of migraine without aura, each attack need only last 1 hour to qualify. Also, pediatric migraines are frequently bilateral (on both sides of the head); unilaterality is not the typical pattern for migraineurs until late adolescence. Migraine without aura can be diagnosed even if a patient has before experienced an aura. One popular theory in migraine pathophysiology is the depolarization theory, which centres around the phenomenon of cortical spreading depression. However, it appears that this theory can not account for migraine without aura.
go on for two, thirty minute intervals
{ "text": [ "last 1 hour" ], "answer_start": [ 1000 ] }
6703-1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=429542
Weight generally correlates to gestational age; however, infants may be underweight for other reasons than a preterm delivery. Neonates of low birth weight (LBW) have a birth weight of less than and are mostly but not exclusively preterm babies as they also include "small for gestational age" (SGA) babies. Weight-based classification further recognizes "Very Low Birth Weight" (VLBW) which is less than 1,500 g, and "Extremely Low Birth Weight" (ELBW) which is less than 1,000 g. Almost all neonates in these latter two groups are born preterm. Complications from preterm births resulted in 740,000 deaths in 2013, down from 1.57 million in 1990. Society and culture. Economics. Preterm birth is a significant cost factor in healthcare, not even considering the expenses of long-term care for individuals with disabilities due to preterm birth. A 2003 study in the U.S. determined neonatal costs to be $224,400 for a newborn at 500–700 g versus $1,000 at over 3,000 g. The costs increase exponentially with decreasing gestational age and weight. The 2007 Institute of Medicine report "Preterm Birth" found that the 550,000 premature babies born each year in the U.S. run up about $26 billion in annual costs, mostly related to care in neonatal intensive care units, but the real tab may top $50 billion. Notable cases. James Elgin Gill (born on 20 May 1987 in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada) was the earliest premature baby in the world, until that record was broken in 2004.
major expense
{ "text": [ "significant cost factor" ], "answer_start": [ 700 ] }
4040-2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=7528755
The castle was probably built in the 9th–10th centuries. Its existence is mentioned for the first time in 1159, in a diploma by Emperor Frederick Barbarossa that ceded the Rivolese territories to the bishops of Turin. The House of Savoy acquired Rivoli in the 11th century. Soon afterward, a feud began with the bishops, which in 1184 resulted in damage to the castle. In 1273 King Edward I of England visited, en route from Crusade to England, he was met by the Count of Savoy’s messengers before travelling on to Susa and the Mont Cenis on the way to visit Count Philip I at Saint-Georges-d'Espéranche. In 1330 Amadeus VI of Savoy allowed the Consiglio dei Principi, senior administrative council of the countryside to occupy it. The castle was the first place of public veneration of the Shroud of Turin. The castle then experienced a period of decline. In 1559, the Treaty of Cateau-Cambrésis forbade the Duke Emmanuel Philibert from residing in Turin until he had a male child. He therefore resided in the Castle of Rivoli, having it restored by architect Ascanio Vitozzi. In 1562 heir Charles Emmanuel I was born, and he returned to Turin.
son and heir
{ "text": [ "male child" ], "answer_start": [ 971 ] }
1459-1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=10964957
A rod with a fast taper will only flex the top 20 percent. Medium fast and medium tapers will flex approximately 30 to 60 percent of the rod respectively. If the rod has a slow taper, almost the entire rod or blank will bend or flex under pressure. Usage. Rod taper is important for several reasons. The feel for the lure being used and the fish being caught dictate the appropriate taper use. A fast action tip will be used when fishing jig type lures. The angler can feel and therefore control what the lure is doing quite easily. Since only the very tip of the rod bends, when a fish strikes the angler has ample rod shaft and backbone to set the hook correctly. In contrast to fast tapers, the slow flex rods offer the angler advantages when fighting large fish with light fishing line. This additional flex allows the rod to absorb the force of the fish as opposed to the line.
peak twenty percent
{ "text": [ "top 20 percent" ], "answer_start": [ 43 ] }
13211-2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14353847
The Customs Act 1969 is the basis of customs law. The Income Tax Rules were promulgated by ordinance in 1984. Value Added Tax was revised with the Value Added Tax (VAT) and Supplementary Duty (SD) Act 2012. The Municipal Taxation Act 1881 governs municipal taxes. Labour law. The Bangladesh Labour Act 2006 was amended with the Bangladesh Labour (Amendment) Bill, 2013 to improve worker rights, including greater but limited freedom to form trade unions, and improving occupational health and safety condition in factories. In 2017, the government pledged to remove the ban on trade unions in export processing zones. Property law. The constitution guarantees the right to private property. The Transfer of Property Act, 1882 is the basic property law. However, some government agencies like RAJUK restrict property transfers in urban areas through foreign direct investment.
belongings changes
{ "text": [ "property transfers" ], "answer_start": [ 807 ] }
5980-2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=62070262
Games that are traditionally described as tabletop games includes board games, card games, dice games, paper and pencil games, tabletop role-playing games, strategy games, and tile-based games. These types of games typically include chessboards, game pieces, figurines, cards, dice, and a variety of other accessories that vary according to the complexity of the game involved. Chess is frequently cited as a classic example of a two-player board game. Desktop games can be oriented to one or more people at the same time and the number of players varies depending on the size and rules of the game. Process. According to author and game inventor Brian Tinsman, the average tabletop game company does not create their own games but instead purchase or license them from independent inventors. These inventors will pitch their games to potential buyers after coming up with a game idea and running the prototype through several test groups and revisions. If the pitch is successful the game will be run through a publisher's art department, which will work on the game's art and graphic design while the game is refined and made ready for the production team, who will select the physical game materials and prep artwork to be run through the machines used to print the game. After this the game is typically sent to distributors, who will sell the game to mass market retailers and specialty/hobby shops. If a publisher is very large they may choose to distribute the games without using a distributor. Many North American companies use factories in China to produce their games, which can make tariffs or laws on Chinese imports of great importance to companies.
regular illustration
{ "text": [ "classic example" ], "answer_start": [ 409 ] }
2038-2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1637983
Mechanism of action. While the biological mechanism of action is not known, a 2020 meta-analysis stated "the consistent protective effect suggests that the reasons for the heterogeneity lie in concomitant individual social and medical factors, such as presence of STIs, rather than a different biological impact of circumcision." The inner foreskin harbours an increased density of CD4 T-cells and releases increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Hence the sub-preputial space displays a pro-inflammatory environment, conducive to HIV infection. Experimental evidence supports the theory that Langerhans cells (part of the human immune system) in foreskin may be a source of entry for the HIV virus. Excising the foreskin removes what is thought to be a main entry point for the HIV virus. History. Valiere Alcena, in a 1986 letter to the "New York State Journal of Medicine," noted that low rates of circumcision in parts of Africa had been linked to the high rate of HIV infection. Aaron J. Fink several months later also proposed that circumcision could have a preventive role when the "New England Journal of Medicine" published his letter, "A possible explanation for heterosexual male infection with AIDS," in October, 1986. By 2000, over 40 epidemiological studies had been conducted to investigate the relationship between circumcision and HIV infection. A meta-analysis conducted by researchers at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine examined 27 studies of circumcision and HIV in sub-Saharan Africa and concluded that these showed circumcision to be "associated with a significantly reduced risk of HIV infection" that could form part of a useful public health strategy.
chief ingress place
{ "text": [ "main entry point" ], "answer_start": [ 762 ] }
4936-1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=36261006
The marine biology dredge is used to sample organisms living on a rocky bottom or burrowing within the smooth muddy floor of the ocean (benthic) species).The dredge is pulled by a boat and operates at any depth on a cable or line, generally with a hydraulic winch. The dredge digs into the ocean floor and bring the animals to the surface where they are caught in a net that either follows behind or is a part of the digging apparatus. Early dredging samplers did not have a closing device, and many organisms were washed out. This led to a mistaken impression that the deep-sea bed lacked species diversity, as theorised by Forbes in his Azoic hypothesis. Later samplers devised by Howard L. Sanders and the Epibenthic sled designed by Robert Hessler showed that deep-sea bottoms are sometimes rich in soft-bottom benthic species.
wrong assumption
{ "text": [ "mistaken impression" ], "answer_start": [ 541 ] }
13934-1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=517884
Katya Derevko. Yekaterina "Katya" Derevko, alias the Black Sparrow, was the second of the three Derevko sisters to be introduced. She was played by Isabella Rossellini. Katya first appeared during the third season, sent by Irina in response to Jack's request for help in extricating Sydney and Vaughn from a North Korean prison. Following the mission, Katya kisses Jack passionately. In the course of searching for The Passenger after her abduction in season 3, Sydney and Vaughn discover video files of Nadia as a small child in an abandoned Russian military bunker, formerly the center of Soviet Rambaldi research. Katya and several Russian guards confront them, but Katya turns on the guards, subduing them with tranquilizer darts, and the three of them travel to St. Petersburg. Katya fills them in on Nadia's background, claiming that Nadia was born to Irina in a Russian prison after Irina left Jack. Since Sydney was born in April 1975 and Irina left Jack in late 1981, Nadia must have been born in 1982. This timeline is irreconcilable with reports that Vaughn's father had rescued Nadia as a young girl, since he was killed by Irina in 1979, confirming the belief that Elena Derevko had fabricated the story of Bill Vaughn's involvement. Katya and Jack work together to trace Sloane's movements through bank activity, and Katya flirts outrageously with Jack.
transaction history
{ "text": [ "bank activity" ], "answer_start": [ 1312 ] }
14310-1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1612074
Therefore, the Chinese look to the government for guidance as if they are listening to their father who, according to Chinese tradition, enjoys high reverence from the rest of the family. Furthermore, "still another tradition that supports state control of music is the Chinese expectation of a verbal 'message.'" A "verbal message" is the underlying meaning behind people's words. In order to get to the "verbal message," one needs to read into words and ask oneself what the desired or expected response would be. The Chinese tradition of reading into words makes it easier for the government, or "the father," who possesses more attention and respect, to pass down its wishes through songs. Political context. The "Socialist Harmonious Society" concept represents a new direction of Chinese communist leadership that signified the transition between Jiang Zemin and Hu Jintao. Although on the surface, "socialist harmonious society" seems benign, many scholars believe that General Secretary Hu has a vision for a deeper reform of the political system in China. In addition, the idea of scientific development stresses on scientific discovery and technological advance, engines for sustainable growth in the long run. Sustainable growth is a concept in macroeconomics that signifies GDP at potential (i.e. all that is produced is being consumed and there is no cyclical unemployment) for years to come.
pattern of higher jobless rates
{ "text": [ "cyclical unemployment" ], "answer_start": [ 1364 ] }
2571-2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59907327
The SDF opened a secondary humanitarian corridor to facilitate evacuations. Later in the day, SDF and Coalition officials stated that around 500 people, including 150 suspected ISIL militants, had surrendered, with 200 more expected to leave. The exact number of remaining ISIL fighters within the camp remained unknown; there were also continued concerns over just how extensive the tunnel networks were — some SDF fighters estimated that the tunnels extended for more than 2 kilometers. Meanwhile, local reports stated that ISIL commander Jamal Khaled Masoulkh was killed in an airstrike in Baghuz Fawqani the night before. He was the deputy commander of the Islamic State, stationed in Raqqa (ISIL's former "de facto" capital), before he moved to eastern Syria. On 5 March, the SDF reported that 3,000 people had fled through the corridor since the slowdown on 4 March, with 10,000 people having fled in total since 10 February. One of the evacuees, Dorothee Maquere — the wife of deceased terrorist Fabien Clain — confirmed that his brother Jean-Michel Clain, who was critically injured from the Coalition airstrike on their position on 20 February, died on 3 March after an SDF mortar round landed near him. She also stated that Hayat Boumeddiene, wanted by French authorities as a suspected accomplice in the January 2015 Île-de-France attacks, was killed in a separate strike during the prior week, which reportedly hit an ISIL safe house known as the "French House," where many French nationals were staying. Other interviewed evacuees corroborated these statements, though they could not be independently verified at the time. On 6 March, the SDF reported it had captured 400 ISIL militants overnight. The standoff continued by 10 March, with ISIL flags still seen flying over the besieged encampment.
regional stories
{ "text": [ "local reports" ], "answer_start": [ 500 ] }
7544-2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=36761101
Despite this, Sunday services continued to run to a summer timetable, and evening services were withdrawn after failing to attract sufficient interest. Evening services did make an appearance again in July 1949, though not as a Pleasant Point service, but instead as an extension of one of the late Wainoni services on Fridays and Saturdays. McGregor retired in January 1950, leaving the operation to his business partner, Wilf Read. On 18 June 1951 the Board assumed control of the service, having terminated the contract with Read. As the vehicle that had been used on this service belonged to the private operator, the Board decided to use a 29-seat Ford V8 from its own fleet on the route. Through services were introduced on 26 November 1951 at the behest of the Progress League, comprising morning and evening commuter services and a select few daytime services for shoppers. The Fords soon had to be replaced by Leyland Tiger buses to cope with the demand, though the Fords continued to provide the feeder services. The withdrawal of trams from the Brighton tramline and the introduction of diesel buses to the route saw Pleasant Point services combined with those to Brighton in a new timetable, effective from 18 October 1952. As connections with trams were no longer required, the new timetable also eliminated the feeder services. Several route modifications followed to extend services to areas of new development including to the intersection of Caspian Street and Rockinghorse Road from 3 October 1960, and eventually, to the end of Rockinghorse Road. When the terminus moved beyond the Pleasant Point Domain, the route number 5S and destination South Brighton were assigned to the route.
ample enthusiasm
{ "text": [ "sufficient interest" ], "answer_start": [ 131 ] }
6972-2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37798971
The scientific concept would be that coins sink in water because their density (mass/volume) is greater than the density of water. Karpov (2005) emphasizes that children should also learn "procedures" for when and how to apply scientific knowledge to problem solving and everyday situations, and he gives some examples of this. In predicting whether a piece of wood will float, children can learn to measure the density of the wood and compare this to water's density; they can also learn a second problem-solving strategy of calculating the weight of water the wood displaces, and comparing this to the weight of the wood. Instead of jumping to the conclusion that a whale is a fish because it has fins and lives in the water (spontaneous concept based on superficial observation), they can learn to apply taxonomic principles of biology to see that below the "surface," whales share the criteria of the class "mammals" (air-breathing vertebrates with hair, mammary glands, etc.). Learning scientific concepts has the effect of restructuring children's way of thinking about the world, and leads to what Piaget called "formal-logical thought" (Inhelder & Piaget 1958). This includes the essential developmental ability to solve problems using abstract, theoretical information that goes beyond mere personal experience (Karpov 2003). For an overview of different types of instruction and their outcomes, from the point of view of neo-Vygotskians, see Arievitch & Stetsenko (2002). A so-called "theoretical learning" approach, based in Vygtosky's cultural-historical theory, has shown promise in promoting formal-logical thought, theoretical reasoning, and other "higher mental functions" (tool-mediated, intentional, conscious processes) (Stetsenko & Arievitch 2002). These theoretical reasoning capabilities are thought to be crucially important in children's transition to the next leading activity, interaction with peers (Bodrova & Leong 2007; Karpov 2005). Adolescence: interaction with peers. "Interaction with peers" is suggested as the leading activity for adolescents.
most significant pursuit
{ "text": [ "leading activity" ], "answer_start": [ 1897 ] }
10526-1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=13967302
The next part of novel discusses the war from a rational view. The novel seeks to reconstruct the disintegration of a vast community involving the Kauravas and Pandavas. Awards. "Parva" has won the Deraje award.
broad people group
{ "text": [ "vast community" ], "answer_start": [ 118 ] }
12475-1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42287747
The spacing of the nanowire arrays could be tuned by controlling the frequency of the surface acoustic waves. Selective manipulation. While most acoustic tweezers are able to manipulate a large number of objects collectively, a complementary function is to be able to manipulate a single particle within a cluster without moving adjacent objects. To achieve this goal, the acoustic trap must be localized spacially. A first approach consists in using highly focused acoustic beams. Since many particles of interest are attracted to the nodes of an acoustic field and thus expelled from the focus point, some specific wave structures combining strong focalization but with a minimum of the pressure amplitude at the focal point (surrounded by a ring of intensity to create the trap) are required to trap this type of particle. These specific conditions are met by Bessel beams of topological order larger than zero, also called "acoustical vortices". With this kind of wave structures, the 2D and 3D selective manipulation of particles has been demonstrated with an array of transducers driven by programmable electronics. Compact flat acoustic tweezers based on spiral-shaped interdigital transducers have been proposed as an alternative to this complex array of transducer. This type of device allows patterning dozens of microscopic particles on a microscope slide (see Figure 7). The selectivity was nevertheless limited since the acoustic vortex was only focused laterally and hence some spurious secondary rings of weaker could also trap particles.
intricate range
{ "text": [ "complex array" ], "answer_start": [ 1246 ] }
4136-1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=31608194
On 27 June 2013, the LFL announced that the Triumph would suspend operations for the 2013 season citing concerns with both the Hershey Centre and the Ricoh Coliseum being inadequate for the league's logistical and broadcast requirements. The 2013 LFL Canada season was then postponed indefinitely due to player disputes, league office scheduling, and general preparation. Seasons. 2011–12 season. Win Loss Tie
basic readiness
{ "text": [ "general preparation" ], "answer_start": [ 351 ] }
2003-2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=13760947
However, in mid-1980 it was realized that time-of-flight mass spectrometers is more efficient for this mode of SIMS. Compared to other surface techniques, such as Auger and Photoelectron spectroscopy, SSIMS offers some unique features isotope sensitivity, hydrogen sensitivity, direct compound detection by molecular secondary ion emission and extremely high sensitivity, very often in the ppm range. However, one problem in static SIMS application may be quantification. This problem can be overcome by using a combination of electron spectroscopic techniques such as Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) and photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS or XPS) with static SIMS. Application in surface science. Investigation of the initial process of oxidation where only the first two or three metal layers participate in the oxidation. Gives a rigorous test of surface cleanliness as it can detect species in ppm concentration. Investigation of nature of adsorption (molecular or dissociative). For example dissociative adsorption of CO on metal surface (M) is characterized by MC+, MO+, M2O+ and M2C+ secondary ions (Fe and W). And molecular adsorption is identified by MCO+ and M2CO+ ions (Cu, Pd, Ni and Fe). Similarly, it also helps in investigation of binding energy, chemical structure of the adsorbate, interaction between adsorbate molecules and reactivity of adsorbate .
starting method
{ "text": [ "initial process" ], "answer_start": [ 718 ] }
5268-2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=3473145
From this, it can be seen that material properties and crystal dimensions will affect the temporal and spectral resolution of GRENOUILLE. In addition, the depth of focus into the crystal can produce an effectively shorter crystal, allowing some tuning of the resolution for pulses of different bandwidths. To understand the performance of a given crystal, a factor A is introduced to the GVD and GVM conditions, which can be rearranged to get In the above equation, the TBP has been assumed to be approximately equal to 1, indicating a near-transform limited pulse. If A is much greater than 1 then the condition is well satisfied. The case where A equals 1 is considered the cutoff for satisfying the condition and is the edge of where the crystal can resolve a pulse. Typically, A is chosen as a conservative number such as 3. These equations can be used to determine the working limits for a given setup as a function of wavelength.
smaller amount
{ "text": [ "conservative number" ], "answer_start": [ 798 ] }
1409-2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37979795
The boulevard ends at 14th Avenue with a statue of Confucius in human size, located on a small pedestal. Although it was initially announced that it would build a second arc at the end of the boulevard (with the support of the Chinese community in Costa Rica), this was finally dismissed for reasons that were disclosed. The works also involved a new sewer and installation of underground electrical wiring. Initially, the work was estimated at a cost of around CRC 600 million colones (just over a million US dollars). He said that this work was done with the donation of $1 million provided by the government of China, and ¢200 million from the Municipality of San José. Finally, although precise figures were not provided, the total cost of the buildings is estimated between $1.5 and $2 million, contributed mainly by the Chinese government. The creation of this area was controversial from the very beginning. One common criticism was the comparatively low presence of Asian property owners in that area of the city, despite the fairly significant concentration of local citizens of Asian origin. However, the Asian population remains mixed with Costa Ricans, who are the majority. This trend is expected to change over time. Another point of contention was the creation of the neighborhood on a street popularly known as "Paseo de los Estudiantes" (Students' Walk), which begins at the emblematic Church of Our Lady of Solitude.
real dimension
{ "text": [ "human size" ], "answer_start": [ 64 ] }
14318-1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1465761
In common with the pipes and drums of the Scots Guards in the British Army, pipers of The Canadian Guards were granted the privilege of wearing the British Royal Family's household tartan – the Royal Stuart tartan. The two pipe bands were part of the 2nd Battalion and the 4th Battalion. The latter was formed in November 1954, after the regimental headquarters obtained the authority to create a pipe band with British Army Pipe Major leading it. The band had few active pipers in the beginning but developed to where it performed the 2nd Battalion pipe band at the Canadian National Exhibition in 1956. The former on the other hand was formed in February 1954 under Pipe Major Archie Cairns and accompanied the battalion during its tour of duty in West Germany from 1957 to 1959. It returned to Canada in 1960 where it performed public duties on Parliament Hill as part the Old Guard during the changing of the guard. After his departure from the band in 1964, he was succeeded by William Stirling and later John Huggan, before eventually being transferred to the 3rd Battalion, The Royal Canadian Regiment In 1970. Affiliations. In the Canadian Forces, units may make formal, official links between each other called "affiliations". These affiliations are "to foster continuous fraternal connections between military organizations beyond the close, professional relationships which are always encouraged." The two Reserve Force foot guard regiments, the Governor General's Foot Guards (GGFG) and the Canadian Grenadier Guards (CGG), were affiliated with the Canadian Guards, and from 1954 to 1976 they used Canadian Guards battalion numbers in token of the affiliation.
sanctioned connections
{ "text": [ "official links" ], "answer_start": [ 1179 ] }
6107-2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=5642461
Historians often use the Reformation beginning in 1517 as the transition between the Middle Ages and the early modern period in Icelandic history. Farming in Iceland continued with traditional practices from the 14th century to the late 18th century, when reforms were made due to the influence of the Enlightenment. A trade monopoly instituted by the Danish king in 1602 had a certain effect on culinary traditions. But the cuisine of Denmark had the most influence in the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th, when the country had close relations with Iceland. In the early 20th century, an economic boom based on commercial fishing and processing resulted in a slow transition from traditional dairy and meat-based foods to consumption of fish and root vegetables. Preserved foods began to be replaced with greater emphasis on fresh ingredients. Medieval Iceland. When Iceland was settled by immigrants from Scandinavia and Viking colonies in the British Isles, they brought their farming methods and food traditions of the Norse world. Research indicates that the climate of Iceland was much milder during the Middle Ages than it is now, and sources tell of cultivation of barley and oats. Most of this would have been consumed as porridge or gruel or used for making beer. Cattle was the dominant farm animal, but farms also raised poultry, pigs, goats, horses and sheep.
specific change
{ "text": [ "certain effect" ], "answer_start": [ 378 ] }
1523-2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=32387948
I totally wanted to approach it as if Aretha Franklin was singing a James Brown record, so what I did was think, 'I'm like the female James Brown.' Evans' vocal performance was also influenced by Brown's sidekick Lyn Collins. "I put in her CD, just listened to three songs probably. I just wanted to kind of get that attitude without totally redoing a Lyn Collins song or without totally taking her approach to it or her ad-libs. I kept it more on an Aretha vibe with the ad-libs, and the whole attitude, just real gutsy and raw, was inspired by Lyn Collins." Critical reception. "Mesmerized" was acclaimed by music critics who appreciated the 1960s-vibe Evans attempted and they compared the song to multiple artists and compositions of that time, including "sweaty productions" from Lyn Collins and James Brown. Andria Lisle, writing for "Paste" magazine declared the song "a delicious, modern-day love song on par with the late Lyn Collins or hizzoner Soul Brother #1. A funky breakdown, spirited backing vocals and a righteous attitude—the sentiment on this cut is guaranteed to make her soul sisters shout." Similarly, Will Layman from PopMatters felt that the record was "a piece of real JB-esque organ funk that allows Faith to testify as lead singer and then play call-and-response with her own overdubbed gospel chorus. It is a greasy-hot performance that never goes over the top into "American Idol" melismatic mania or silly high note reaching."
entire demeanor
{ "text": [ "whole attitude" ], "answer_start": [ 489 ] }
11823-2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2616001
The problem was that these calculations assumed what today is called an "in vacuo" trajectory – they made no allowance for air resistance against the projectile. What was needed were range and accuracy trials to determine the actual relationship between range and elevation angle. The practical approach was conducted by William Eldred, Master Gunner at Dover Castle, in gunnery trials in 1613, 1617 and 1622. He used a wide variety of guns, including the culverin, demiculverin, falconet and Saker. From the results of these trials, he produced range tables for elevations up to 10 degrees for each type with a standard propelling charge weight. A problem affecting gun laying, was the tapered external barrel shape. This affected elevation when the gun was aimed by sighting along the top of the barrel. In the early 17th century, 'dispart sights' compensated for this. This was a piece of metal placed on the muzzle to make the line of sight parallel to the axis of the bore. Another technique involved measuring the depth of the barrel through the touchhole and at the muzzle, the difference being the wedge size needed to compensate for the tapered barrel. The ballistic pendulum was invented in 1742 by English mathematician Benjamin Robins, and published in his book "New Principles of Gunnery", which revolutionized the science of ballistics, as it provided the first way to accurately measure the velocity of a bullet.
real link
{ "text": [ "actual relationship" ], "answer_start": [ 226 ] }
13701-2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=29156200
Commercialization. In 2012, Brin stated that Google Self-Driving cars would be available for the general public in 2017. In 2014, this schedule was updated by project director Chris Urmson to indicate a possible release from 2017 to 2020. In December 2016, Waymo CEO John Krafcik stated in a blog post, "We can see our technology being useful in personal vehicles, ridesharing, logistics, or solving last mile problems for public transport. Our next step as Waymo will be to let people use our vehicles to do everyday things like run errands, commute to work, or get safely home after a night on the town." Temporary use of vehicles is known as Transportation as a Service (TaaS). Waymo highlighted four specific business uses for its autonomous tech in 2017: Ridesharing, users can hail cars equipped with Waymo technology via transportation network company apps; trucking and logistics, urban last-mile solutions for public transportation, and passenger cars. In 2017, Waymo was also considering licensing autonomous technology to vehicle manufacturers. In May 2018, Waymo established a subsidiary in Shanghai, Huimo Business Consulting, with $441,000 of funding. Robo-taxis. In August 2013, news reports surfaced about Robo-Taxi, a proposed driverless vehicle taxicab service from Google.
potential reveal
{ "text": [ "possible release" ], "answer_start": [ 203 ] }
10014-1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45718796
Highly pleased with the terms of the letter, the bishop told his butler to treat the messenger well. Blackhead, affecting great reverence for the entourage of a bishop, asked the butler to show him Sprat's study, with a view of concealing the traitorous document among the papers on the episcopal table. Failing in this, he had finally to content himself with dropping the "association" into a flowerpot in a disused parlour. Young now demanded to be heard before the privy council on a matter of the greatest import. He had timed his plot to a nicety. The government were overweighted with anxiety. They thought Young's story plausible enough to order Sprat's arrest, and messengers were sent down to Bromley on 7 May 1692 with a warrant from Nottingham to take the bishop into custody, and to search his apartments for the signed instrument in which the alleged conspirators avowed their aims. Young particularly requested that the officers might be ordered to examine the bishop's flowerpots. Hence the incident was referred to by Lady Marlborough and others as "the flowerpot plot" (see Brewer, Historic Note Book). Very fortunately for the bishop the forged document was not found, and after ten days' detention Sprat was suffered to return to Bromley. In the meantime Young had sent Blackhead to recover the paper, which he thereupon forwarded to the secretary of state (Romney), with an ingenious explanation.
insightful statement
{ "text": [ "ingenious explanation" ], "answer_start": [ 1394 ] }
11807-1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=34893211
Mosaics. The mosaics of St Paul's are a collection of 11 opus sectile works, lining the nave and in the reredos, produced by James Powell & Sons of Whitefriars, London. The earliest of these, in the reredos, were installed in 1903, a gift to the church from Sir George White following his daughter's wedding. The most recent is from the late 1920s. As such, these eleven mosaics cover virtually the whole period of opus sectile work by Powell's. As Powell's order and cash books are now in the Victoria and Albert Museum we have access to information about the mosaics. The Good Shepard was installed in 1919 at a cost of £240 while the smaller Angel of Victory installed in the same year cost £115. Details of selected mosaics. "Purity with Lily". Opus sectile panel to the right of the tower porch door. Donated to the church to commemorate Catharine Cole, who died on 4 July 1902.
his command
{ "text": [ "Powell's order" ], "answer_start": [ 453 ] }
1153-2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=916495
However, they are still commonly referred to as cytokeratins in clinical practice. Types. There are two categories of cytokeratins: the acidic type I cytokeratins and the basic or neutral type II cytokeratins. Within each category, cytokeratins are numbered in order of decreasing size, from low molecular weight (LMWCKs) to high molecular weight (HMWCKs). Cytokeratins are usually found in heterodimeric pairs of acidic and basic subunits of similar size. Expression of these cytokeratins is largely organ or tissue specific. The subsets of cytokeratins which an epithelial cell expresses depends mainly on the type of epithelium, the moment in the course of terminal differentiation and the stage of development. Thus a specific cytokeratin expression profile allows the identification of epithelial cells. Furthermore, this applies also to the malignant counterparts of the epithelia, (carcinomas), as the cytokeratin profile is generally retained. Thus the study of cytokeratin expression by immunohistochemistry techniques is a tool of immense value widely used for tumor diagnosis and characterization in surgical pathology. Molecular biology.
diminishing magnitude
{ "text": [ "decreasing size" ], "answer_start": [ 270 ] }
12193-2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41775
A runner would carry reports or orders from one officer to another. Once the horse was domesticated messages could travel much faster. A very fast way to send information was to use either drums, trumpets or flags. Each sound or banner would have a pre-determined significance for the soldier who would respond accordingly. Auditory signals were only as effective, though, as the receiver's ability to hear them. The din of battle or long distances could make using noise less effective. They were also limited in the amount of information they could convey; the information must be simple, such as "attack" or "retreat". Visual cues, such as flags or smoke signals required the receiver to have a clear line of sight to the signal, and know when and where to look for them. Intricate warning systems have though always been used such as scouting towers with fires to signal incoming threats - this could occur at the tactical as well as the strategic level. The armies of the 19th century used two flags in combinations that replicated the alphabet. This allowed commanders the ability to send any order they wanted as they needed to, but still relied on line-of-sight.
quick method
{ "text": [ "fast way" ], "answer_start": [ 142 ] }
14301-1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1049540
ZF Friedrichshafen AG, also known as ZF Group, originally "Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen", and commonly abbreviated to ZF (ZF = "Zahnradfabrik" = "Cogwheel Factory"), is a German car parts maker headquartered in Friedrichshafen, in the south-west German state of Baden-Württemberg. Specialising in engineering, it is primarily known for its design, research and development, and manufacturing activities in the automotive industry. It is a worldwide supplier of driveline and chassis technology for cars and commercial vehicles, along with specialist plant equipment such as construction equipment. It is also involved in rail, marine, defense and aviation industries, as well as general industrial applications. ZF has 241 production locations in 41 countries with approximately 148,000 (2019) employees. ZF Friedrichshafen is more than 90% owned by the Zeppelin Foundation, which is largely controlled by the town of Friedrichshafen. History. The company was founded in 1915 in Friedrichshafen, Germany by Luftschiffbau Zeppelin GmbH, to produce gears for Zeppelins and other airships.
building machinery
{ "text": [ "construction equipment" ], "answer_start": [ 575 ] }
3767-1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=19702
Disease causation. Changes in DNA caused by mutation in a coding region of DNA can cause errors in protein sequence that may result in partially or completely non-functional proteins. Each cell, in order to function correctly, depends on thousands of proteins to function in the right places at the right times. When a mutation alters a protein that plays a critical role in the body, a medical condition can result. One study on the comparison of genes between different species of "Drosophila" suggests that if a mutation does change a protein, the mutation will most likely be harmful, with an estimated 70 percent of amino acid polymorphisms having damaging effects, and the remainder being either neutral or weakly beneficial. Some mutations alter a gene's DNA base sequence but do not change the protein made by the gene. Studies have shown that only 7% of point mutations in noncoding DNA of yeast are deleterious and 12% in coding DNA are deleterious. The rest of the mutations are either neutral or slightly beneficial. Inherited disorders. If a mutation is present in a germ cell, it can give rise to offspring that carries the mutation in all of its cells. This is the case in hereditary diseases.
appropriate minute
{ "text": [ "right times" ], "answer_start": [ 299 ] }
2316-2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=30983553
In 1987 the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) and the Land of Sky attained funding through a civil works planning grant. At this time RiverLink, a loosely knit group of volunteers and conservation advocates known as the French Broad Riverfront Planning Commission, were asked to team up with the French Broad River Foundation and Asheville's Chamber of Commerce to create the Asheville Riverfront Plan, completed in 1989. The design included a detailed layout of the riverfront, complete with diagrams of the urban corridor, maps of future greenway space and descriptions of findings and suggestions. More importantly, the plan's mixed use for revitalizing the French Broad River satisfied the needs of all the community – environmental, recreation and business constituents. The design received nationwide recognition for its ingenuity and thoughtful craftsmanship upon public presentation. National Geographic featured the plan as a new greenway initiative for WNC in its June 1990 issue. Also, the Riverfront Plan received The American Planning Association’s Large Scale Planning Award, a prestigious honor given only to the best designs in the nation. During September, 1991, with strong support from local government authorities and the public, RiverLink received funding from the National Endowment for the Arts to develop what is now known as The Asheville Riverfront Open Space Design Guidelines. RiverLink helped assemble a charette team with ALSA/AIA, and groups were divided. This time issues such as signage, river access, public art, support facilities, structures and landscaping were addressed. Through public forums constituents came to agree that all open space development should accentuate the unique geographical op aspects of Asheville and Western North Carolina.
being shown to the audience
{ "text": [ "public presentation" ], "answer_start": [ 870 ] }
4061-2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=25514374
The League thus secured a second region, after having conquered the presidency of Veneto with Luca Zaia with a much more convincing margin. Background. Bresso was one of the last bulwarks of the centre-left in Central Italy and thus all the Democratic Party endorsed her in a key test of the coalition's strength after two years in opposition in Rome. For his part, Cota's choice was a little bit surprising as Piedmont is not really a stronghold for his party, which is much stronger in Veneto and Lombardy. The day after his bid was announced, Cota explained that it is time to rewrite the history of Italian unification, that was led by the Kingdom of Sardinia under the House of Savoy. Cota underlined that Piedmont was once an independent state and told that even Camillo Benso di Cavour did not intend to unify the whole Italian Peninsula and later favoured a federal reform of the new Kingdom of Italy. For these reasons Cota, who is a republican and has no nostalgia of the House of Savoy, says his message will do well in Piedmont and that he will overcome the weakness of Lega Piemont (that usually gets far fewer votes than Liga Veneta in Veneto and Lega Lombarda in Lombardy). In Cota's view, most of his support will come from industrial workers, including those of Southern descent, and Catholics, embarrassed by Bresso's secularism. However, the Union of the Centre, whose main aim in the election was to fight back Lega Nord, chose to support Bresso, turning down the chance of running its own candidate (Michele Vietti was the most likely). Most Catholic voters disagreed.
subsequent territory
{ "text": [ "second region" ], "answer_start": [ 26 ] }
5313-1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=8308036
The British Cavy Council is the governing body in the United Kingdom for national, regional, and local cavy (guinea pig) clubs, and also for the wide range of 'breed clubs' which exist on a national basis to further the interests of particular cavy breeds, and to provide a forum for those with an interest in the breed concerned. Nature of the Council. The Council is not itself a club or association - it is not possible, for example, to be a subscribing member, as it has only executive members. Most cavy 'fanciers' (people interested in breeding and showing purebred, or pedigree, cavies) in the United Kingdom will belong to one of the large network of local cavy clubs, and usually also one of the large regional cavy clubs (such as the Southern Cavy Club, National Cavy Club, or Scottish National Cavy Club). They may also belong to the breed club associated with their particular breed of cavy. It is in these clubs that those interested in purebred (pedigree) cavies mix with others who have similar interests, and find opportunities for showing their animals. However, all of these clubs (of which there are more than 75 in the United Kingdom) recognise the British Cavy Council as the ultimate authority.
final government
{ "text": [ "ultimate authority" ], "answer_start": [ 1197 ] }
13166-2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=5376868
Then, in 2009, Google announced that personalized search would no longer require a user to be logged in, and instead Google would use an anonymous cookie in a web browser to customize search results for those who were not logged in. Web history. Web history differs from search history, as it's a record of the actual pages that a user visits, but still provides contributing factors in ranking search results. Lastly, Google+ data is used in search results as Google is provided a lot of demographics about a user from this information, such as age, gender, location, work history, interests, and social connections. Social networks. Google's social networking service, Google+ also collects this demographic data including age, sex, location, career, and friends. This largely comes into play when presenting reviews and ratings from people within a user's immediate circle. Effectiveness. In order to determine the actual impacts of search customization on end users, researchers at Northeastern University determined in a study with logged in users vs. a control group that 11.7% of results show differences due to personalization. The research showed that this result varies widely by search query and result ranking position. In the following example, the Portent Team performed a search query for 'JavaScript' (shown on the right) and then performed a search for 'Programming Textbooks' and 'Books on HTML' prior to searching for 'JavaScript, which changed the search results by bringing in three book listings that were not part of the original set of results.
grading station
{ "text": [ "ranking position" ], "answer_start": [ 1214 ] }
4661-1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=5422537
The Financial Regulator (), officially the Irish Financial Services Regulatory Authority, was the single regulator of all financial institutions in Ireland from May 2003 until October 2010 and was a "constituent part" of the Central Bank of Ireland. It was re-unified with the Central Bank of Ireland on 1 October 2010 and its board structure was replaced by a new Central Bank of Ireland Commission. Matthew Elderfield, formerly head of the Bermuda Monetary Authority, led the organisation from January 2010 until it was disestablished in November 2010. The previous chief executive officer was Patrick Neary, who retired early over the handling of the regulator's investigation into the €87 million in secret directors' loans at Anglo Irish Bank. The incumbent before that, had companies he is a director of, fined a total of €3.35 million by his previous employers the Financial Regulator, for risk control and reporting failures. History. The regulator was established on 1 May 2003 by the Central Bank and Financial Services Authority of Ireland Act, 2003.
previously in charge
{ "text": [ "formerly head" ], "answer_start": [ 421 ] }
3820-1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=6478750
The role is a volunteer one, normally elected every third year at National Council, and works with the CEO, the head of the professional staff function of the association. The first Chief Scout elected was Martin Burbridge, a former member of Scouting Ireland (CSI). His term was scheduled to end in 2010 but he stepped down in September 2008. Two others have held the role . Term of office and roles. The Chief Scout, is elected by secret ballot at the Annual General Meeting, for a term of three years. The Chief Scout may be re-elected for one further term of three years. The key roles of the Chief Scout are: Chief Scouts. Martin Burbridge 2004-2008. Martin Burbridge is a native of County Kildare and is a qualified accountant. He holds the Wood Badge is a member of the Order of Cú Chulainn.
principal functions
{ "text": [ "key roles" ], "answer_start": [ 580 ] }
3281-2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=5558520
Developmental lactose intolerance may occur in premature babies and usually improves over a short period of time. Congenital lactose intolerance is an extremely rare genetic disorder in which little or no lactase is made from birth. Prevention. Research on prevention addresses the question of whether it is possible to reduce the risk of developing an allergy in the first place. Reviews concluded that there is no strong evidence to recommend changes to the diets of pregnant or nursing women as a means of preventing the development of food allergy in their infants. For mothers of infants considered at high risk of developing cow's milk allergy because of a family history, there is some evidence that the nursing mother avoiding allergens may reduce risk of the child developing eczema, but a Cochrane review concluded that more research is needed. Guidelines from various government and international organizations recommend that for the lowest allergy risk, infants be exclusively breastfed for 4–6 months. There does not appear to be any benefit to extending that period beyond six months. If a nursing mother decides to start feeding with an infant formula prior to four months the recommendation is to use a formula containing cow's milk proteins. A different consideration occurs when there is a family history – either parents or older siblings – of milk allergy. The three options to avoiding formula with intact cow's milk proteins are substituting a product containing either extensively hydrolyzed milk proteins, or a non-dairy formula, or one utilizing free amino acids.
multiple political
{ "text": [ "various government" ], "answer_start": [ 871 ] }
2855-2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=54465854
Broadcast. Television. Following television channels air the episodes in Pakistan; Radio. Following radio stations air the songs in Pakistan; Reception. The show has been critically viewed for not producing new songs. Rafay Mahmood of "The Express Tribune" said that the lack of original music "has become a chronic problem with "Coke Studio". With almost every passing season the title cover studio is becoming more relevant to the show than anything else." After the season's artiste line up was revealed on 4 July, "The News" criticized the incomplete revealment while noting that Mooroo, Abid Brohi, SomeWhatSuper, Khumariyaan and Sounds of Kolachi should have been included in the show. Asif Nawaz of "The Express Tribune" commented, "While it's only time that will tell how the latest season unfolds, the urge to indulge in presenting our two cents about it seems too tempting to resist." For the promo song; the recreated version of "Qaumi Taranah"; Umnia Shahid of "The Express Tribune" praised only Ali Zafar's performance and said, "The rest were simply wax figures executing a song – any song – any random song. Except, it wasn't just any random song."
persistent complication
{ "text": [ "chronic problem" ], "answer_start": [ 308 ] }
11011-1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=30603492
The frontal part of the room is shrouded by greenery from the area, with some green scaffolding partially camouflaging it. Thus, rendering the only object in the room, the projector, visible from the seating gallery and platform. This may suggest that video and images are not projected from the front of the fountain but the back instead, to give it a clearer field of depth. The control room though is not located in that area, it is located at the front of the seating gallery. It is here that laser images and lighting are controlled and activated. Web documentation. The history of the Musical Fountain, including rare audio recordings and videos, are posted throughout the internet. These show the fountains's key events and evolving development. Some of these include scores of the Magical Sentosa soundtrack, which were never released for distribution by ECA2. A majority of these videos have ended up on video sharing website, YouTube. Magical Sentosa performances.
top area
{ "text": [ "frontal part" ], "answer_start": [ 4 ] }
13728-2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=9882117
He has represented Wales at various levels. He earned two caps for the under-19 team, before making one appearance for the under-21 team in 2006. He has made two appearances for the semi-pro team, making his debut against Italy in 2007 and scoring against England C in a 2–1 defeat in 2008. Club career. Early career. Born in Tonypandy, Mid Glamorgan, Lawless was educated at Tonypandy Comprehensive School and began his career with the youth system of Cardiff City. After being released by Cardiff he stayed at school and studied for his A-levels. He later played for Welsh Football League Division One club Ton Pentre, making 33 league appearances and scoring 10 goals in the 2002–03 season; this included two goals in a 9–0 victory over Milford in December 2002. Following a six-week trial, he signed professional terms with Premier League club Fulham on 21 August 2003. Torquay United. He was released by Fulham in May 2005, and he was offered a trial with League Two club Torquay United in July.
42-day lawsuit
{ "text": [ "six-week trial" ], "answer_start": [ 778 ] }
8865-1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=34619757
Yan Keqiu opposed, pointing out that the Wu fleet could be caught in the middle if Later Liang requested aid, so Xu did not do so. After Later Tang forces captured the Later Liang capital Daliang later in the year, destroying Later Liang (as Later Liang's final emperor, Zhu Zhen, committed suicide before Daliang's fall), Later Tang emissaries delivered the news to Wu and Former Shu, drawing apprehension from both states that they would be the Later Tang emperor's next target. Xu blamed Yan for not launching the fleet north, but Yan believed that the Later Tang emperor's victories were unsustainable given his own personal behavior, stating while smiling: Possibly under Yan's advice, Yang Pu subsequently refused to receive "edicts" (i.e., communiques that would imply that he was a subject of Later Tang's) from Emperor Zhuangzong. Emperor Zhuangzong, not yet wanting to break with Wu, instead resent his communique as a letter (i.e., treating Wu as an equal state) that started with the greeting of, "The letter of the emperor of the great Tang to the lord of Wu." Wu's return communique started with the greeting of, "The respectful letter of the lord of the great Wu to the emperor of the great Tang," to show respect and yet equality. Late in the year, Wu sent the official Lu Ping () as an emissary to Later Tang. Before Lu went to the Later Tang court, Yan anticipated what kind of questions Emperor Zhuangzong might ask him, and had Lu prepare answers; as it turned out, the questions Lu was asked matched what Yan anticipated. After Lu returned, Lu reported that Emperor Zhuangzong had become occupied with hunting and tours, was obsessed with treasure, and was refusing good advice, such that he was beginning to draw resentment from the people. In 926, by which time Yan was carrying the title of "You Pushe" (), one of the heads of the executive bureau of government (尚書省, "Shangshu Sheng"), he was again made "Menxia Shilang", but this time given the additional designation of "Tong Zhongshu Menxia Pingzhangshi" (), making him a chancellor. Later in the year, Emperor Zhuangzong was killed in a mutiny and succeeded by adoptive brother Li Siyuan (as Emperor Mingzong). When the news arrived at Wu, Xu became even more respectful of Yan for his correct predictions.
Accurate outlook
{ "text": [ "correct predictions" ], "answer_start": [ 2265 ] }
4473-2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2508048
Brig. Gen. Gouverneur K. Warren, chief engineer of the Army of the Potomac, inspected the ground and concurred with Hancock. Evening. General Lee also understood the defensive potential to the Union army if they held the high ground of Cemetery Hill. He sent orders to Ewell to "carry the hill occupied by the enemy, if he found it practicable, but to avoid a general engagement until the arrival of the other divisions of the army." In the face of this discretionary, and possibly contradictory, order, Ewell chose not to attempt the assault. One reason posited was the battle fatigue of his men in the late afternoon, although "Allegheny" Johnson's division of Ewell's Corps was within an hour of arriving on the battlefield. Another was the difficulty of assaulting the hill through the narrow corridors afforded by the streets of Gettysburg immediately to the north. Ewell requested assistance from A.P. Hill, but that general felt his corps was too depleted from the day's battle and General Lee did not want to bring up Maj. Gen. Richard H. Anderson's division from the reserve. Ewell did consider taking Culp's Hill, which would have made the Union position on Cemetery Hill untenable.
tight passageways
{ "text": [ "narrow corridors" ], "answer_start": [ 790 ] }
7251-2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=50371068
Much of the frozen cash includes Iran's income from selling a limited amount of oil prior to the lifting of the sanctions, when Iran could legally sell oil but could not transfer the money back to Iran, because doing so was illegal under U.S. sanctions. After nuclear negotiations. Some pages of the JCPOA were dedicated to the listing of individuals and entities whose assets would be unfrozen. According to Nader Habibi, a professor of economics at Brandeis University, JCPOA will lead to the release of only about $30 billion worth of assets; a similar figure of about $32 billion was estimated by Valiollah Seif, the chief of Iran's central bank. According to the Washington Institute in 2015: "...the pre-deal asset freeze did not have as great an impact on the Iranian government as some statements from Washington suggested. And going forward, the post-deal relaxation of restrictions will not have as great an impact as some critics of the deal suggest." The US government also has seized a Manhattan skyscraper belonging to the Iranian government worth over a billion US dollars. Seizure of Iranian assets. Deborah Peterson and other plaintiffs brought a lawsuit in U.S. federal court against the Islamic Republic of Iran, and obtained a judgments against Iran for its role in the 1983 Beirut barracks bombings (in which 241 Marines were killed) and for other acts of international terrorism. While foreign states usually enjoy immunity from claims in court, the plaintiffs invoked an exception to the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act of 1976 that allows foreign states to be held liable for acts of state-sponsored terrorism. The central bank of Iran, Bank Markazi, challenged the execution of the judgment on various grounds.
strong an effect
{ "text": [ "great an impact" ], "answer_start": [ 744 ] }
4439-1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=6527774
Loose feed can be any of the above baits with a particle bait fed by hand, in a feeder, or by catapult, sometimes in the form of hemp seed, a manufactures fishmeal ground bait. For stillwater fishing and commercial fisheries, a huge array of baits are available. Many of the old favourites are still as potent today as they have ever been. For most species, hook baits such as luncheon meat, bread, sweetcorn, maggot, worm, and pellets will work. When targeting more specific species such as specimen carp baits such as boilies, large pellets, large bunches of maggots, floating baits, large lungworm, tiger nuts, and meat chunks from cat food can work very well. Micro pellets softened along with ground bait can be fed alongside all hook baits mentioned. In the summer months, fish such as carp can be seen feeding off the surface. In this case, a floating dog biscuit or piece of bread floated on the surface can be ideal. For predatory fish such as pike, zander, perch and eels either dead or live bait can be used, in the form of a small fish such as a live roach. Some fishing venues ban the use of live baits so dead baits must be used. Spinning, the use of an artificial lure, is also widely used for predators.
large variety
{ "text": [ "huge array" ], "answer_start": [ 228 ] }
6414-1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1029571
He thought children needed to cultivate creative thinking and improve the ability of understanding, and the new school became important to instruct children in the new approaches in the education. During this last decade of his life, published studies of Chinese cultural history, Chinese literary history and historiography. Liang reexamined the works of Mozi, and authored, amongst other works, "The Political Thought of the Pre-Qing Period", and "Intellectual Trends in the Qing Period." He also had a strong interest in Buddhism and wrote historical and political articles on its influence in China. Liang influenced many of his students in producing their own literary works. They included Xu Zhimo, renowned modern poet, and Wang Li, an accomplished poet and founder of Chinese linguistics as a modern discipline. Family. Issue and descendants. Liang Sishun, Liang Sicheng, and Liang Sizhuang were borne by Li Huixian. Liang Siyong, Liang Sizhong, Liang Sida, Liang Siyi, Liang Sining, and Liang Sili were borne by Wang Guiquan. Legacy.
current field of study
{ "text": [ "modern discipline" ], "answer_start": [ 801 ] }
1753-1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=116435
Accident was one of the early settlements in the far west of Maryland. The name originates about the time of the 1786 land survey. Though the origin or meaning of the name is unknown, one popular story says that Brooke Beall and William Deakins, Jr., friends from Prince George's County, were conducting separate surveys in the area at the time and "by accident" Deakins claimed land already surveyed by Beall. When Lord Baltimore opened up the area, which he called Monocacy Manor, for settlement, in the early 1770s, Brooke Beall secured permission to survey 778 acres (315 ha; 1.2 sq mi). It will never be known for certain how Beall came to choose this particular spot, but the surveyor was given clear instructions where to start. He was to begin "in the center between two bounded white oak trees, standing on the North Side of the South fork of Bear Creek in or near a glade about one Hundred yards from said Run, about one or two Miles above a Lick known by the name of the "Cole Mine Lick", about four miles (6 km) above the mouth of Broad Creek and about one mile (1.6 km) East of a Ridge of the Negro Mountain." John Hanson, Jr., later a delegate to the Continental Congress, and President of the United States in Congress Assembled, on April 14, 1774, surveyed the land, finding that it only contained 682 acres (276 ha). For the next twelve years, nothing was done with the survey. The American Revolutionary War intervened, and it was not until February 15, 1786 that the land was granted by means of a patent to William Deakins. The following year the surrounding countryside was surveyed into military lots by Francis Deakins, lots that were meant as compensation for the soldiers who served from Maryland during the Revolution. Each soldier who served for two years received one lot of 50 acres (20 ha), officers received four lots of 50 acres (20 ha) each.
understandable directions
{ "text": [ "clear instructions" ], "answer_start": [ 701 ] }
11775-2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=10775
Often assistant editors will perform temporary sound, music, and visual effects work. The other assistants will have set tasks, usually helping each other when necessary to complete the many time-sensitive tasks at hand. In addition, an apprentice editor may be on hand to help the assistants. An apprentice is usually someone who is learning the ropes of assisting. Television shows typically have one assistant per editor. This assistant is responsible for every task required to bring the show to the final form. Lower budget features and documentaries will also commonly have only one assistant. The organizational aspects job could best be compared to database management. When a film is shot, every piece of picture or sound is coded with numbers and timecode. It is the assistant's job to keep track of these numbers in a database, which, in non-linear editing, is linked to the computer program. The editor and director cut the film using digital copies of the original film and sound, commonly referred to as an "offline" edit.
each item
{ "text": [ "every piece" ], "answer_start": [ 699 ] }
11535-2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=3555300
Fold-up ramps present a lower ramp angle than in-floor ramps; however, in side-entry configurations, they are in the way of the passenger entrance when stowed. In-floor ramps slide into a pocket underneath the vehicle's floor and are only available for side-entry configurations. Folding ramps are available in manual or motorized versions for both entry configurations. Older style applications may also have a “kneeling feature” that reduces the angle of the ramp by compressing the suspension of the van on the ramp side, newer ones using complex geometry eliminate the need for kneeling to meet ADA standards although they may employ a retracting system as an option, that eliminates the stress of compressing the suspension. Some other advantages of the fold-out ramp for the side entry vehicle are that an unaccompanied wheelchair driver can "Self Rescue" in the event of a system failure and not become trapped in the vehicle; ramp deployment onto a sidewalk or over a curb is sometimes only possible with a fold-out ramp because it will deploy out and over the curb; in very snowy climates the ramp remains inside the vehicle, away from the weather. A secondary disadvantage of the side entry fold-out ramp is that they rattle inside the vehicle. Modern, solenoid controlled ramps with actuators on both sides of the ramp are self tightening and eliminate the issue. The primary advantages of the in-floor ramp configuration are that ambulatory passengers have access to the vehicle from the curb side of the vehicle; and the ramp is stowed under the floor. The possible disadvantages are that the ramp is not able to overcome or deploy onto higher curbs, snow and ice may be retained in the ramp"tray"; not all models are ADA compliant because of the ramp's side edge height; self-rescue is not possible. In addition, portable ramps are available for use with many vehicles and typically do not require any vehicle modification. Portable wheelchair ramps cost much less both to purchase and to maintain.
flank passage
{ "text": [ "side entry" ], "answer_start": [ 781 ] }
8364-1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=35604073
Olivia recognizes the wound from the time September appeared to her at the opera house and told her that in every future he witnessed, Olivia would die (as seen in "Back to Where You've Never Been"). September reveals that to him, this conversation has not yet happened, and departs to investigate why he would say that to Olivia. Peter races Jessica's body back to Walter's lab, and with Nina's (Brown) help and resources from Massive Dynamic, connects her brain to equipment to briefly give her consciousness to determine Bell's location. Her answers are vague and cryptic but reveal that Bell is on a boat, and seeking a power source to collapse the two universes. Olivia goes to grip Jessica, shorting out power in the laboratory. Nina realizes that Olivia is Bell's power source; Jones' activities have been to invigorate Olivia's Cortexiphan powers to start the collapse of the two universes. Nina is able to use Olivia's electromagnetic readings to locate Bell's ship. The Fringe team sets off for Bell's boat on helicopters as initial signs of the final collapse begin to occur around the world. Meanwhile, aboard his boat, Bell has shown Walter his vision for the new universe, using the creatures stowed aboard it to populate his ideal world. Bell reveals that he was set on to this path by Walter in the past after Walter had lost both Peters and desired to play God himself. Walter rejected the idea then, asking Bell to remove pieces of his brain to quell the idea, but Bell continued to follow on Walter's vision, culminating in the current events.
ultimate breakdown
{ "text": [ "final collapse" ], "answer_start": [ 1056 ] }
12805-2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1738749
Critics note that Bush did give his support to medical professionals making end-of-life decisions for patients unable to express their wishes, such as Sun Hudson, a six-month-old boy born with thanatophoric dysplasia. His breathing tube was removed that week at Texas Children's Hospital over the objection of his mother, Wanda. On March 26, 2005, the "Los Angeles Times" reported that DeLay and his family decided in 1988 to allow his father to die after he was badly injured in a tram accident. "Extraordinary measures to prolong life were not initiated," said the medical report of Rep. DeLay's father, and cited "agreement with the family's wishes." The "Los Angeles Times" contrasted this with DeLay's current stance on the Schiavo case. By contrast, former Presidential candidate Rev. Jesse Jackson, stood by the Schindlers and urged the Florida legislature to reinsert Schiavo's feeding tube. He stated, "This is a moral issue and it transcends politics and family disputes." Talking points memo. A talking points memo was written by Brian Darling, legal counsel for junior Florida Senator Mel Martinez. The memo suggested the Schiavo case offered "a great political issue" that would appeal to the party's base and could be used against Senator Bill Nelson, a Democrat from Florida who would go on to win his bid for reelection in 2006, because he had refused to co-sponsor the Palm Sunday Compromise.
bloodline debates
{ "text": [ "family disputes" ], "answer_start": [ 965 ] }
12316-2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=28340280
Instead, Wile was cleared away. Meanwhile, Robin Norman had quietly advanced through the course, and threatened to overtake the lead. He reached the same second-last wicket that Wile was going for, successfully passed through, avoided Cruise's poison ball, and just narrowly missed the final wicket, ricocheting to the right. A couple centimetres to the left, and Norman would have been only 1 more shot to clinch. On his next turn, Wile passed through the second-last gate, aiming wide of the stake, with approximately 3 meters to the final wicket, Norman-adjacent, and Cruise hovering nearby. Anything but a ‘through ball’ would certainly result in another poison ball attempt from Cruise, and a potential victory to Norman. 2 past runner-up placements, and an unfortunate history of coming up short, it was a pivotal shot for Wile. With the same confidence he showed throughout the day, however, his ball rolled across the grass, bounced off Norman's, and landed directly in front of the wicket; a gimme ‘through ball.’ Wile then angled his through shot with enough room to have a direct path to the stake. Even a stray shot had the chance of ricocheting off Cruise, allowing 2 more shots for the title. But this was Wile's first shot-for-victory in the history of the championship that holds his name, and he made sure he only needed one. One second after the crack off the mallet sounded in the ears of the spectators, Wile's red striped ball caromed off the thick, multicoloured stake, and landed softly in the grass.
likely success
{ "text": [ "potential victory" ], "answer_start": [ 698 ] }
111-2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=313714
The stubborn defence of the nomination by the pro-Bavarian Cardinal Portocarrero, become a key policy of the last years of the reign of Charles II. The Cardinal prevented Charles II from succumbing to the influence of his wife and possibly summoning a Parliament to modify the testament. In early 1698 Portocarrero presented the king with a new report of the State Council in favor of the Bavarian Succession. The monarch wanted to consult with Pope Innocent XII, who was also allegedly pro-Bavarian. It was in such circumstances that the King reaffirmed his Testament: Mariana of Neuburg reacted against the Testament by having Catalonia seized, and German troops were sent to Toledo and Madrid, while her cousin, Prince George of Hesse-Darmstadt prepared to leave Barcelona with his troops. The French Ambassador to Madrid, Henri, duc d’Harcourt, met 6000 soldiers who had arrived in Madrid ready to intervene. Max Emanuel of Bavaria sent for his son to come to Brussels with the intention that the States of Flanders would swear an oath on the death of Charles II. Joseph Ferdinand came to the Flemish capital on 23 May 1698. Meanwhile, Louis XIV agreed in The Hague with the maritime powers on the distribution of the Spanish Crown's lands on the death of Charles II: the treaty was signed with England on September 8 and the United Provinces on 11 October. It provided that the peninsular kingdoms, with the exception of Guipúzcoa, plus the Indies would go to Joseph Ferdinand (section 5), the Archduke Charles would receive the Milanese (article 6), while Louis, Dauphin of France would remain in possession of the kingdoms of Naples and Sicily, as well as the State of Presidi and the Marquisate of Finale. Death.
main plan
{ "text": [ "key policy" ], "answer_start": [ 91 ] }
910-2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=17048764
The single reached number 1 on the "Billboard" Hot 100 Singles Sales chart. Released in the U.S. as a CD of 6 remixes, it was later released in the UK as a 2-part CD single, and a 7" record on August 25, 2008. "Never Wanted to Dance" is on the soundtrack to "Madden NFL 09" and the Combichrist Electro Hurtz Mix is on the soundtrack for "". Music video. The music video for "Never Wanted to Dance" was uploaded onto the band's YouTube account at midnight on August 6, 2008. The video primarily involves a party with a "Dance Dance Revolution SuperNova" machine, with people dancing to the song on the machine. The band members perform within the game itself on one of the wireframe stages, which were introduced by that specific version of the game. In the end, the police come and raid the party, arresting almost everyone. Track listing. All songs by J. Euringer except where noted
precise style
{ "text": [ "specific version" ], "answer_start": [ 720 ] }
2476-2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=46568578
Later on the business took dramatic change and became part of the culture of Dhaka city. History. The business was started on 1939 by a cook named Haji Mohammad Hossain. After Haji Mohammad Hossain died in 1992, his son, Haji Mohammad Golam Hossain took over and continued the family business without making any changes in style and tradition. By the passage of time Haji Mohammad Golam became tired by running the family business and finally handed over the business to his son, Haji Mohammad Shahed. Location. The Haji biryani has three branches. One is in Old Dhaka which is the main branch, one is in Motijheel, In Old Dhaka, it is located at 70 Kazi Alauddin Road, Nazira Bazar. Recipe. The recipe includes highly seasoned rice, chevon, mustard oil, garlic, onion, black pepper, saffron, clove, cardamom, cinnamon, salt, lemon, doi (yogurt), peanuts, cream, raisin and small amount of cheese (either cow or buffalo). The recipe has been handed over the founder of the restaurant to his next generation.
breathtaking transformation
{ "text": [ "dramatic change" ], "answer_start": [ 27 ] }
2831-2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1913650
Although Rivière subsequently returned the citadel to Vietnamese control, his recourse to force was greeted with alarm in both Vietnam and China. The Vietnamese government, unable to confront Rivière with its own ramshackle army, enlisted the help of Liu Yongfu, whose well-trained and seasoned Black Flag soldiers were to prove a thorn in the side of the French. The Black Flags had already inflicted one humiliating defeat on a French force commanded by "lieutenant de vaisseau" Francis Garnier in 1873. Like Rivière in 1882, Garnier had exceeded his instructions and attempted to intervene militarily in northern Vietnam. Liu Yongfu had been called in by the Vietnamese government, and ended a remarkable series of French victories against the Vietnamese by defeating Garnier's small French force beneath the walls of Hanoi. Garnier was killed in this battle, and the French government later disavowed his expedition. The Vietnamese also bid for Chinese support. Vietnam had long been a tributary of China, and China agreed to arm and support the Black Flags and to covertly oppose French operations in Tonkin. The Qing court also sent a strong signal to the French that China would not allow Tonkin to fall under French control. In the summer of 1882 troops of the Chinese Yunnan and Guangxi armies crossed the border into Tonkin, occupying Lang Son, Bac Ninh, Hung Hoa and other towns. The French minister to China, Frédéric Bourée, was so alarmed by the prospect of war with China that in November and December 1882 he negotiated a deal with the Chinese statesman Li Hongzhang to divide Tonkin into French and Chinese spheres of influence.
forceful sign
{ "text": [ "strong signal" ], "answer_start": [ 1141 ] }
11940-1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=27967069
In mathematics, a uniform matroid is a matroid in which the independent sets are exactly the sets containing at most "r" elements, for some fixed integer "r". An alternative definition is that every permutation of the elements is a symmetry. Definition. The uniform matroid formula_1 is defined over a set of formula_2 elements. A subset of the elements is independent if and only if it contains at most formula_3 elements. A subset is a basis if it has exactly formula_3 elements, and it is a circuit if it has exactly formula_5 elements.
other explanation
{ "text": [ "alternative definition" ], "answer_start": [ 162 ] }
11908-1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=43940728
The East Liverpool Potters were a minor league baseball club, located in East Liverpool, Ohio, from 1906 until 1912. The team first played its first two seasons in the Pennsylvania–Ohio–Maryland League, before moving to the Ohio–Pennsylvania League in 1908. The team first disbanded on August 20, 1911, however a new Potters team took the field the following season. However the 1912 season proved to be the last for the Potters. The team moved to Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania on August 14, 1912 to become Pittsburgh in the team listings. The team's time in Pittsburgh was also brief. Just four days later, on August 18, 1912, the team relocated to New Martinsville, West Virginia, to become New Martinsville in the team listings. The club then folded at the end of the season.
group records
{ "text": [ "team listings" ], "answer_start": [ 520 ] }
243-1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=5702463
Consistent knowledge outcomes imply predictable learning results or replicable communication results and predictable quality of decisions. The design of knowledge environments is both commonplace activity and specialised expert work. At a simplistic level every teacher, every author, every librarian and every database manager is a creator of a knowledge environment. At a specialized level, knowledge environments need sophisticated architecture and modeling capabilities. This approach is necessary when the creator of the knowledge environment wants to deliver replicable results in hundreds of specific instances of the same knowledge environment. On the other hand, the strengthening trend of public authorship leads to open-ended ontologies by means of, say, tagging or folksonomies. In a significant sense, knowledge environments are in such cases created not only by their authors or owners but also by the contributors of their ontologies. Types. There are various kinds of knowledge environments: Issues of development. Variables. Knowledge environments are all pervasive but difficult to build on a scalable and a replicable basis.
hardening direction
{ "text": [ "strengthening trend" ], "answer_start": [ 676 ] }
7890-1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=32285088
The principal difference was the engine which on the Type 99 was a single cylinder unit of 1039 cc delivering a maximum of 9 hp. The position of the engine, ahead of the driver, followed what had by now become the Peugeot standard lay-out as did the transmission of power to the rear wheels by means of a rotating steel drive shaft. The “Double Phaeton” body format offered space for four.
main distinction
{ "text": [ "principal difference" ], "answer_start": [ 4 ] }
13772-2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=43455727
She asked Joan to be quiet or she would leave. Joan then started writing notes to her friend, in which she repeated her intention to speak to a lawyer, and to take John out of her will. After a tense evening, Hill put on a romantic record and came over to stand behind his wife's chair. Settegast suggested the couple should dance, and they did. Afterwards they retired to bed. The next morning, Joan told Settegast that Hill had made her "very happy" the previous night. "He told me things I've never heard from the man before in our whole married life. I think it's going to be all right between us from now on." Illness. Settegast and Woolen recalled a conversation they had with Joan after she rose late on the afternoon of Saturday, March 15. She told them that "John gave me some pill last night and it really knocked me out".
strained end of day
{ "text": [ "tense evening" ], "answer_start": [ 194 ] }
14472-2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=27592070
As they return to Earth, the world's climate begins to return to normal. Terry convinces Damian to use the League for less destructive means, leading Damian to revive his partnership with Bruce to combine their resources to improve the world. Cancelled by Yesterday. After one of Terry's nightly patrols, Bruce suddenly accuses Terry of trying to kill him and activates his defense protocols to attack the McGinnis brothers. Terry is rescued by Booster Gold, who informs him that Bruce has turned against him because of a post-hypnotic suggestion given to him in the past and that Matt was killed from Bruce's defense drones. Booster and Skeets take Terry back to the year 2020 on the day where Bruce received the implanted suggestion so they can prevent it from happening. They arrive at a burning neighborhood that is being attacked by the telepathic villain Blanque. As Booster and Blanque fight, Terry rescues a young boy from a burning building who turns out to be his father, Warren McGinnis. He is then suddenly confronted by the younger Bruce as Batman, who believes he is a criminal, but Booster turns his attention towards Blanque so Terry can get Warren to safety. After Blanque knocks Bruce out, Terry and Booster manage to defeat him with help from Skeets. Before Terry leaves, he has Warren promise to keep his black and red suit a secret.
contingency plans
{ "text": [ "defense protocols" ], "answer_start": [ 374 ] }
6266-1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=29818757
East York Skatepark. Team EY, supported by Toronto city councilor Janet Davis, collaborated with the local community and Spectrum Skatepark Creations to build the East York Skatepark. The design process engaged local youth to ensure that the skateboard park reflected the needs of the local skateboarders. Team EY hosted the opening celebrations of the park in June 2006 and has continued to be involved with the skateboard park: organizing annual spring cleanup weekends, mural paintings, contests, concrete repair work, as well as hosting a memorial fund raiser and annual remembrance events. Promoting Skateboarding and Skateboard Parks. To help Ontario communities build skateboard parks of their own, Team EY hosted seminars and lectures at the PRO Forum 2009 (Park & Recreation Ontario) to share their community engagement and skateboard park maintenance strategies. Team EY also attends public consultation meetings and participates on the design teams of several skateboarding parks across Ontario. Team EY has shared its success story and the process for building a skateboard park in a two-part series of interviews on MuchMusic. Team EY has also partnered with Toronto Parks & Recreation to organize winter skateboarding lessons and drop-in programs at S.H. Armstrong Community Center (2007–present) and the St. Lawrence North Market (2008 & 2009). Team EY built the first ever indoor skateboard park in East York, the 'EY Skate Loft' in October 2010.
skate lot
{ "text": [ "skateboard park" ], "answer_start": [ 242 ] }
2892-1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=6983157
A snubnosed revolver (colloquially known as a snubbie, belly gun or bulldog revolver) is any small, medium, or large frame revolver with a short barrel, which is generally 3 inches or less in length. Smaller revolvers are often made with "bobbed" or "shrouded" hammers, and there are even "hammerless" models, all allowing the gun to be drawn quickly with little risk of it snagging on clothing. The shrouded and hammerless models may even be fired through a coat or jacket pocket. The design of these revolvers sacrifices power and range for maneuverability and concealment. Snubnosed revolvers were extremely popular in the United States until the 1950s and 1960s, when most states passed laws limiting or prohibiting the carry of concealed weapons. However, the passage of "shall issue" firearms license laws from the mid-1980s to the 1990s created new markets for small, simple, reliable, concealed carry firearms, and resulted in a resurgence in the popularity of snubnosed revolvers in the United States. The increased demand for snubnosed revolvers has been met with the introduction of numerous new models from Smith & Wesson, Colt, Ruger, Taurus, and other manufacturers. While most were made of traditional carbon steel, stainless steel, and lightweight aluminum alloys that had been in use for decades, some of the newer models used high-strength, lightweight metal alloys such as titanium and scandium. More recently even polymer frames have been used.
coat compartment
{ "text": [ "jacket pocket" ], "answer_start": [ 467 ] }
13475-1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42064927
The referendum rules did not state if there was a threshold number of votes needed for the result to be enacted. Legal aspects. The reactions of many nations to the referendum—particularly of Western-nations—were addressing the matter of Crimean secession from Ukraine, whereas the Crimean referendum itself was not about secession from Ukraine, but took Crimea's secession from Ukraine to already be de facto following its government's declaration. Crimea's March 16 referendum occurred following the March 11 declaration of Crimea's independence from Ukraine made by Crimea's parliament, which was made following a controversial parliamentary vote of 78 in favour of, and 22 against Crimea's secession from Ukraine. Both of the ballot options for the March 16, 2014 Crimean referendum acknowledged that Crimea was already an independent state at that time, despite the declaration of independence occurring without a national vote in Ukraine, as the constitutions required. The interim Ukrainian government, European Union, and several other bodies stated that any referendum held by the local government of Crimea without the express authority of Ukraine is unconstitutional and illegitimate. The interim government in Kyiv and the pro-Russian Crimean faction do not recognize each other as legitimate. Additionally, the Mejlis of the Crimean Tatar People—the unofficial political association of the Crimean Tatars—called for a boycott of the referendum. Russia and the Crimean parliament argue that the referendum is legal, citing the UN recognized right of self-determination and the advisory opinion on Kosovo in which the International Court of Justice declared that international law contains no prohibition against declarations of independence. Legal scholars have disputed the validity of the Kosovo analogy. According to article 73 of the 1996 Constitution of Ukraine and article 3 of the 2012 Ukrainian law "On all-Ukrainian referendum", territorial changes can only be approved via a referendum where all the citizens of Ukraine are allowed to vote, including those that do not reside in Crimea.
border amount
{ "text": [ "threshold number" ], "answer_start": [ 50 ] }
6195-1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1163802
The church was designed by William White. It is constructed with red brick with yellow trim. It has a tall (160 ft,(48.8m)) brick-banded spire at the north-west end which can be seen from The Isle of Wight. The interior has yellow, white and red exposed brickwork, and a nave roof decorated with life-size supporting angels. The church contains a fresco by Frederick Leighton showing the "Parable of the Wise and Foolish Virgins", with biblical characters said to be modelled on local people. The church also contains stained glass windows designed by William Morris, Edward Burne-Jones, and Charles Kempe. Alice Liddell, also known as Alice Hargreaves, the inspiration for Alice in Lewis Carroll's "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland", lived in and around Lyndhurst after her marriage to Reginald Hargreaves, and is buried in the graveyard. There is also a very fine, small Catholic Church of the Assumption and St Edward the Confessor, built by Sir Arthur Blomfield between 1894 and 1896 as a memorial to Marie-Louise Souberbielle. Education and culture. Saint Michael and All Angels Infant School is the main village school. New Forest Small School is an independent school for children aged 3 to 16.
yellow borders
{ "text": [ "yellow trim" ], "answer_start": [ 80 ] }
11735-2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=160518
For broadcasting stations, directional antennas are often required. They consist of multiple masts, which often have the same height. Some longwave antennas consist of multiple mast antennas arranged in a circle with or without a mast antenna in the center. Such antennas focus the transmitted power toward ground and give a large zone of fade-free reception. This type of antenna is rarely used, because they are very expensive and require much space and because fading occurs on longwave much more rarely than in the medium wave range. One antenna of this kind was used by transmitter Orlunda in Sweden. For reception, long wire antennas are used, or more often ferrite loop antennas because of their small size. Amateur radio operators have achieved good LF reception using active antennas with a short whip. LF transmitting antennas for high power transmitters require large amounts of space, and have been the cause of controversy in Europe and the United States due to concerns about possible health hazards associated with human exposure to radio waves.
sizable stretch
{ "text": [ "large zone" ], "answer_start": [ 325 ] }
8300-1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=3599603
Knarvik (or Knarrviki) is the administrative centre of the municipality of Alver in Vestland county, Norway. The village is located on the mainland, about straight north of the city at the confluence of four fjords: Osterfjorden (heading east), Sørfjorden (heading southeast), Salhusfjorden (heading southwest), and the Radfjorden (heading northwest). The village of Isdalstø lies immediately north of Knarvik. The village has a population (2019) of 5,875 and a population density of . This makes it the largest settlement in the Nordhordland district of Vestland. The center of the village is the site of the Knarvik Senter, the largest shopping centre in Nordhordland with 61 stores. The European route E39 highway runs straight through the village dividing it into two major parts. The northern part is where the large shopping mall is located while the southern part is still in its original state with scattered buildings and shops. Knarvik has several kindergartens, a junior high school, and a regional high school (Knarvik vidaregåande skule) with more than 1,000 students. One of those students is Mesfin. The newly built Knarvik Church was completed in 2014 to serve the growing community.
principal halves
{ "text": [ "two major parts" ], "answer_start": [ 768 ] }
2733-1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=65396738
After the death of a concubine, her sons would make an offering to her, but these offerings were not continued by the concubine's grandsons, who only made offerings to their grandfather's wife. There are early records of concubines allegedly being buried alive with their masters to "keep them company in the afterlife". Until the Song dynasty (960–1276), it was considered a serious breach of social ethics to promote a concubine to a wife. During the Qing dynasty (1644–1911), the status of concubines improved. It became permissible to promote a concubine to wife, if the original wife had died and the concubine was the mother of the only surviving sons. Moreover, the prohibition against forcing a widow to remarry was extended to widowed concubines. During this period tablets for concubine-mothers seem to have been more commonly placed in family ancestral altars, and genealogies of some lineages listed concubine-mothers. Many of the concubines of the emperor of the Qing dynasty were freeborn women from prominent families. Concubines of men of lower social status could be either freeborn or slave. Imperial concubines, kept by emperors in the Forbidden City, had different ranks and were traditionally guarded by eunuchs to ensure that they could not be impregnated by anyone but the emperor. In Ming China (1368–1644) there was an official system to select concubines for the emperor.
authoritative order
{ "text": [ "official system" ], "answer_start": [ 1344 ] }
4644-2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=3136621
He helps the store flourish by telling all of Springfield's left-handed citizens to patronize it. Meanwhile, Bart takes karate lessons but quits after learning it is not as interesting as he had hoped. The episode was written by Jon Vitti and directed by Jim Reardon. It had an unusual amount of animation glitches because the animation studio was training a new group of animators. The episode features cultural references to playwright William Shakespeare and the film "It's a Wonderful Life". The title of the episode is a reference to the title of the poem "In Flanders Fields". Since airing, the episode has received mostly positive reviews from television critics. It acquired a Nielsen rating of 13.9, and was the highest-rated show on Fox the week it aired. Plot. Ned Flanders invites the Simpson family to a barbecue where he announces plans to open the Leftorium, a store for left-handed people. While pulling a wishbone with Ned, Homer—jealous of Ned's material success—wishes for the Leftorium to fail and go out of business (after dismissing a wish for his death as "too far").
atypical level
{ "text": [ "unusual amount" ], "answer_start": [ 278 ] }
11452-1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=4956684
A single border collie and its handler can keep an area of approximately 50 square kilometres (19.3 square miles, 4998.7 hectares, or 12,179.2 acres) free of larger birds and wildlife. However, although they are effective at deterring ground foraging birds such as waders and wildfowl, they are not so useful for species that spend most of their time flying or perching, such as raptors and swallows. In 1999, Southwest Florida International Airport became the first commercial airport in the world to employ a border collie in an airfield wildlife control programme. After the use of the collie, numbers and species of birds on the airport declined and most birds that remained congregated in a drainage ditch away from the runway. The number of bird strikes dropped to zero compared to 13 for the same period the previous year. Several other airports and airbases have now started similar programmes. At Dover Air Force Base, Delaware, bird strike damage to aircraft caused by birds has been reduced from an average of US$600,000 per year for the proceeding two years to US$24,000 per year after the initiation of a bird control programme that included the use of border collies. Predators. Using predators as a natural bird deterrent has become a recommended form of controlling bird infestations. Specially selected species are trained to deal with working in un-natural environments with distractions and dangers they would not usually encounter. The success of this method of bird control is based on the fact that many birds have a natural fear of falcons and hawks as predators, so their presence in the area encourages problem species to disperse.
proposed method
{ "text": [ "recommended form" ], "answer_start": [ 1250 ] }