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In this paper, we discuss the solvability of the Riemann-Hilbert boundary value problem for quasilinear hyperbolic complex equations of first order in general domains. By using the successive iteration and the method of parameter extenssion and some transformation, the existence and uniqueness of solutions for the above boundary value problem are proved. | 讨论在一般区域上的一阶拟线性双曲型复方程的 Riemann-Hilbert问题.使用逐次迭代法、参数开拓法和某些变换,我们证明了上述边值问题解的存在性和唯一性. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文 |
讨论在一般区域上的一阶拟线性双曲型复方程的 Riemann-Hilbert问题.使用逐次迭代法、参数开拓法和某些变换,我们证明了上述边值问题解的存在性和唯一性. | In this paper, we discuss the solvability of the Riemann-Hilbert boundary value problem for quasilinear hyperbolic complex equations of first order in general domains. By using the successive iteration and the method of parameter extenssion and some transformation, the existence and uniqueness of solutions for the above boundary value problem are proved. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文 |
By applying coincidence theorems due to author, some existence theorems of solutions for a class of abstract variational inequalities are proved in general topological spaces. These theorems generalize some known results in literature. | 应用作者得到的重合点定理,在拓朴空间内对一类抽象变分不等式证明了解的某些存在性定理.这些定理推广了文献中许多已知结果. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文 |
应用作者得到的重合点定理,在拓朴空间内对一类抽象变分不等式证明了解的某些存在性定理.这些定理推广了文献中许多已知结果. | By applying coincidence theorems due to author, some existence theorems of solutions for a class of abstract variational inequalities are proved in general topological spaces. These theorems generalize some known results in literature. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文 |
The purpose is to establish the relation between the Aitken transformation and a class of polyno-mial sequences defined by Horadam,and to generalize the results of some papers. | 建立了Horadam定义的一类多项式与Aitken变换的联系,推广了一些文献中的结果. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文 |
建立了Horadam定义的一类多项式与Aitken变换的联系,推广了一些文献中的结果. | The purpose is to establish the relation between the Aitken transformation and a class of polyno-mial sequences defined by Horadam,and to generalize the results of some papers. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文 |
In order to obtain a more ideal hydrogel wound dressing, PEO grafthydrogel films formed by electron beam(EB) irradiation of the aqueous solutions ofpoly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)incorporated with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) at differentratio wereprepared, and their physiochemical properties were investigated asafunction of production factors combination. The experimentalresults showed that gelfraction of the PEO graft hydrogel filmsdepended mainly on irradiation dose andconcentration of the polymers.Their degree of swelling was intimately related toirradiationdose, concentration, blending ratio and molecular weight of thepolymers.Their tensile strength and elongation at breakwere obviously dependent onirradiation doseand blending ratio of the polymers. It is found that a new PEOE-30graft hydrogel film of 20 wt% at a ratio of 7:3 has betterphysiochemicalproperties such as flexibility, moderate gel fraction, degree of swelling andelongation at break, especially its higher tensile strength than other PEO grafthydrogel films or pure PEO E-30 hydrogel film. These results indicated that PVA canimprove the mechanical strength of the PEO E-30 hydrogel film through reducing thedegree of swelling of the PEO E-30 hydrogel film after the irradiation graft. | 为了得到一种理想的水凝胶伤口敷料,研究了应用电子束辐射接枝了不同比例聚乙烯醇(PVA)的聚氧化乙烯(PEO)水凝胶膜的制备和该膜的理化特性.实验结果显示,PEO接枝水凝胶膜的凝胶分数主要依赖于辐射剂量和聚合物浓度.而其溶胀度与辐射剂量聚合物的浓度,混合比例和分子量密切相关.该膜的抗张强度和断裂伸长率则明显地依赖于辐射剂量和聚合物的混合比例.实验发现,比例为7:3的20wt% PEO E-30接枝水凝胶膜与其它PEO接枝水凝胶膜和单纯PEO E-30水凝胶膜相比具有较好的理化特性,例如韧性,较少气泡,适度的凝胶分数,溶胀度和断裂伸长率,尤其它的较高的抗张强度.实验结果表明,PVA在辐射接枝后能够通过降低PEO水凝胶膜的溶胀度而改善PEO水凝胶膜的机械强度. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文 |
为了得到一种理想的水凝胶伤口敷料,研究了应用电子束辐射接枝了不同比例聚乙烯醇(PVA)的聚氧化乙烯(PEO)水凝胶膜的制备和该膜的理化特性.实验结果显示,PEO接枝水凝胶膜的凝胶分数主要依赖于辐射剂量和聚合物浓度.而其溶胀度与辐射剂量聚合物的浓度,混合比例和分子量密切相关.该膜的抗张强度和断裂伸长率则明显地依赖于辐射剂量和聚合物的混合比例.实验发现,比例为7:3的20wt% PEO E-30接枝水凝胶膜与其它PEO接枝水凝胶膜和单纯PEO E-30水凝胶膜相比具有较好的理化特性,例如韧性,较少气泡,适度的凝胶分数,溶胀度和断裂伸长率,尤其它的较高的抗张强度.实验结果表明,PVA在辐射接枝后能够通过降低PEO水凝胶膜的溶胀度而改善PEO水凝胶膜的机械强度. | In order to obtain a more ideal hydrogel wound dressing, PEO grafthydrogel films formed by electron beam(EB) irradiation of the aqueous solutions ofpoly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)incorporated with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) at differentratio wereprepared, and their physiochemical properties were investigated asafunction of production factors combination. The experimentalresults showed that gelfraction of the PEO graft hydrogel filmsdepended mainly on irradiation dose andconcentration of the polymers.Their degree of swelling was intimately related toirradiationdose, concentration, blending ratio and molecular weight of thepolymers.Their tensile strength and elongation at breakwere obviously dependent onirradiation doseand blending ratio of the polymers. It is found that a new PEOE-30graft hydrogel film of 20 wt% at a ratio of 7:3 has betterphysiochemicalproperties such as flexibility, moderate gel fraction, degree of swelling andelongation at break, especially its higher tensile strength than other PEO grafthydrogel films or pure PEO E-30 hydrogel film. These results indicated that PVA canimprove the mechanical strength of the PEO E-30 hydrogel film through reducing thedegree of swelling of the PEO E-30 hydrogel film after the irradiation graft. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文 |
By using monoclonal antibody specific for UV induced DNA damage, we have succeeded in measuring CPD and 64PP in UVB irradiated DNA. The results indicated that CPDs and 64PPs in the DNA were significantly increased by UVB radiation(0.5mW/cm2 for 15min) as compared with that without UVB treatment. | 本文采用单克隆抗体酶联免疫吸附分析法测定了UVB诱导DNA产生的CPD和64PP.经0.5mW/cm2 UVB处理15min的小牛胸腺和鲱鱼精DNA, CPD和64PP含量显著增加,而未经UVB处理的对照DNA则没有二聚体形成. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文 |
本文采用单克隆抗体酶联免疫吸附分析法测定了UVB诱导DNA产生的CPD和64PP.经0.5mW/cm2 UVB处理15min的小牛胸腺和鲱鱼精DNA, CPD和64PP含量显著增加,而未经UVB处理的对照DNA则没有二聚体形成. | By using monoclonal antibody specific for UV induced DNA damage, we have succeeded in measuring CPD and 64PP in UVB irradiated DNA. The results indicated that CPDs and 64PPs in the DNA were significantly increased by UVB radiation(0.5mW/cm2 for 15min) as compared with that without UVB treatment. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文 |
The effect of catalyst wetting at different operating conditions has been examined.Diluting the bed with inert fines to improve contacting in laboratory reactors was confirmed and operating parameters such as pressure and gas mass velocity have a significant effect on contacting efficiency which is reflected in the results presented in this paper. | 讨论了不同操作条件对催化剂润湿的影响,证实了用惰性细粒稀释床层能改进催化剂的润湿,研究表明,一些操作参数如压力、气体质量、流速等对接触效率有显著影响.本文报道了这些有关的实验结果. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文 |
讨论了不同操作条件对催化剂润湿的影响,证实了用惰性细粒稀释床层能改进催化剂的润湿,研究表明,一些操作参数如压力、气体质量、流速等对接触效率有显著影响.本文报道了这些有关的实验结果. | The effect of catalyst wetting at different operating conditions has been examined.Diluting the bed with inert fines to improve contacting in laboratory reactors was confirmed and operating parameters such as pressure and gas mass velocity have a significant effect on contacting efficiency which is reflected in the results presented in this paper. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文 |
The authers has studied the phase cha racteristics and phase equilibri um of SDA(solvent-deasphalting) of Dagang residue-iC4 and Dagang residue m ixed w ith some CCDO(catalytic cracking decant oil)-iC4 system under subcritical condit ions systematically. The phase diagram and the operational area of SDA process u nder subcritical conditions for the systems have been determined. The experiment s of phase equilibrium implied that the effect of pressure is the same important as temperature's effect on the phase equilibrium within the subcritical region. With the experimental data and the built of simi-emperical mathematical model, the MOCC(manufacture operation charge chart) of subcritical extraction process for the system has been obtained. | 系统地研究了大港渣油-异丁烷体系及混有催化裂化澄清油的大港渣油-异丁烷体系在亚临界条件下,溶剂脱沥青过程的相特性及相平衡.得到了在亚临界条件下溶剂脱沥青过程的相图及适宜的操作区.实验结果表明,在亚临界区内压力和温度一样,对相平衡具有很大的影响.根据实验数据建立了半经验数学模型,并以此确定出了该体系在亚临界抽提过程的生产操作负荷图. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文 |
系统地研究了大港渣油-异丁烷体系及混有催化裂化澄清油的大港渣油-异丁烷体系在亚临界条件下,溶剂脱沥青过程的相特性及相平衡.得到了在亚临界条件下溶剂脱沥青过程的相图及适宜的操作区.实验结果表明,在亚临界区内压力和温度一样,对相平衡具有很大的影响.根据实验数据建立了半经验数学模型,并以此确定出了该体系在亚临界抽提过程的生产操作负荷图. | The authers has studied the phase cha racteristics and phase equilibri um of SDA(solvent-deasphalting) of Dagang residue-iC4 and Dagang residue m ixed w ith some CCDO(catalytic cracking decant oil)-iC4 system under subcritical condit ions systematically. The phase diagram and the operational area of SDA process u nder subcritical conditions for the systems have been determined. The experiment s of phase equilibrium implied that the effect of pressure is the same important as temperature's effect on the phase equilibrium within the subcritical region. With the experimental data and the built of simi-emperical mathematical model, the MOCC(manufacture operation charge chart) of subcritical extraction process for the system has been obtained. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文 |
We study the conditons of equivalence that the unimodal solutions of P-order feigenbaum's functional equation have a periodic point of odd period greater thanl. | 本文给出了P阶Feigenbaum函数方程的解有大于1的奇周期点的充要条件. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文 |
本文给出了P阶Feigenbaum函数方程的解有大于1的奇周期点的充要条件. | We study the conditons of equivalence that the unimodal solutions of P-order feigenbaum's functional equation have a periodic point of odd period greater thanl. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文 |
In this paper, we show that any non - degeneration factor of one- sided shift on symbolic space is chaotic. | 本文证明了单边移位映射的一些因子是混沌的. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文 |
本文证明了单边移位映射的一些因子是混沌的. | In this paper, we show that any non - degeneration factor of one- sided shift on symbolic space is chaotic. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文 |
This paper is a first preliminary report about the total number of the epiphyllous liverworts in Jiangxi Province.At present,there are 31 species and varieties of epiphyllous liverworts,belonging to 13 genera and 3 families,of which 6 species are newly recorded in Jiangxi and one species is new to China. | 报道了江西叶附生苔类植物3科13属31种,其中江西新记录6种,中国新记录1种. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文 |
报道了江西叶附生苔类植物3科13属31种,其中江西新记录6种,中国新记录1种. | This paper is a first preliminary report about the total number of the epiphyllous liverworts in Jiangxi Province.At present,there are 31 species and varieties of epiphyllous liverworts,belonging to 13 genera and 3 families,of which 6 species are newly recorded in Jiangxi and one species is new to China. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文 |
Objective To study the tissue growth of embryonic brain grafts in monkey.Methods Embryonic brain tissue transplantation was performed on 10 monkeys who were divided into immediate transplanted group and delayed transplanted group.The grafts was the embryonic tissue homogenate and transplanted into the wound.Results The behaviors and body temperature in the monkeys after transplantation were normal.Histologically,it was found that part neurons was survival in the host brain one month after transplantation.Three months later,retrograde degeneration of the neurons was found and part neurons vanished.Six months after transplantation,only neuron degeneration scar-tissue colloid and the phagocyte infiltration were seen in the transplant area.However,a monkey was found to have the neuIDn survival and the connection of neurofibrils between the grafts and host cerebral cortex.Conclusion Allotransplantation might have severe rejection.The survival of the transplants in immediate transplantation and delayed transplantation had no significant difference. | 目的 为研究胚胎脑组织移植后的组织生长情况.方法 对10只猕猴进行了胎脑组织移植.实验按受体脑损伤的时间分为立即移植组和延迟移植组,移植物为胎脑组织悬液,直接移植至创面.结果 术后受体的行为及体温均正常;组织学检查发现,移植后1个月可见受体脑内有部分移植的神经元存活,3个月后发现神经元退行性变,部分神经元消失,6个月后移植部位仅见胶质瘢痕和吞噬细胞浸润,显示排斥反应,其中1只术后4个月仍可见存活的神经元,移植物与受体脑界面有相连的毛细血管,并有突触连接.结论 脑组织异体移植仍有严重的排斥反应,立即移植与延迟移植的移植物存活无明显差异. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文 |
目的 为研究胚胎脑组织移植后的组织生长情况.方法 对10只猕猴进行了胎脑组织移植.实验按受体脑损伤的时间分为立即移植组和延迟移植组,移植物为胎脑组织悬液,直接移植至创面.结果 术后受体的行为及体温均正常;组织学检查发现,移植后1个月可见受体脑内有部分移植的神经元存活,3个月后发现神经元退行性变,部分神经元消失,6个月后移植部位仅见胶质瘢痕和吞噬细胞浸润,显示排斥反应,其中1只术后4个月仍可见存活的神经元,移植物与受体脑界面有相连的毛细血管,并有突触连接.结论 脑组织异体移植仍有严重的排斥反应,立即移植与延迟移植的移植物存活无明显差异. | Objective To study the tissue growth of embryonic brain grafts in monkey.Methods Embryonic brain tissue transplantation was performed on 10 monkeys who were divided into immediate transplanted group and delayed transplanted group.The grafts was the embryonic tissue homogenate and transplanted into the wound.Results The behaviors and body temperature in the monkeys after transplantation were normal.Histologically,it was found that part neurons was survival in the host brain one month after transplantation.Three months later,retrograde degeneration of the neurons was found and part neurons vanished.Six months after transplantation,only neuron degeneration scar-tissue colloid and the phagocyte infiltration were seen in the transplant area.However,a monkey was found to have the neuIDn survival and the connection of neurofibrils between the grafts and host cerebral cortex.Conclusion Allotransplantation might have severe rejection.The survival of the transplants in immediate transplantation and delayed transplantation had no significant difference. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文 |
Objective To study the preventive effects of nerve growth factor(NGF)on basal forebrain neurons to explore the therapy for Alzheimer disease.Methods Six aged Rhesus monkeys were divided into two groups(group A and group B)randomly.NGF transport from cerebral cortex were blocked in all the monkeys.Group A received homopleural intraventricular implants of polymer-encapsulated cells that were modified to secrete NGF.Group B received identical implants of empty capsules.Results Three to four weeks after operation,the monkeys in the group B displayed extensive reductions in the number of p75NGFr receptor immunoreactive neurons(53%)and choline acetyltransferase immunoreactive neurons (57%to 75%)within the septum.The monkeys in group A appeared to be normal size telative to the atrophic appearance of cholinergic neurons and p75NGFr receptor imrnunoreactive neurons in the monkeys receiving control implants.Conclusion NGF could prevent basal forebrain neuron degeneration in aged monkeys. | 目的 观察神经生长因子(NGF)对猴基底前脑神经元的保护作用,以探讨Alzheimer病的治疗方法.方法 将6只老年恒河猴分为2组,将其脑内的穹隆切断,阻断NGF从大脑皮层至海马的神经通路,一组动物将能分泌人NGF的细胞微包囊移植到同侧侧脑室内,另一组移植不能分泌NGF的细胞.结果 术后3～4周,隔区免疫组织化学检查显示,对照组隔区低亲和力神经生长因子受体(p75NGFr)阳性神经元较对侧减少53%,残余细胞呈萎缩状,而实验组只较对侧减少7%～23%;实验组的胆碱乙酰化酶免疫阳性神经元在隔区内计数比对侧减少0～37%,而对照组减少57%～75%;实验组的胆碱能阳性神经元的形态正常,对照组的神经元显示萎缩;实验组在隔区内可见胆碱能神经纤维及p75NGFr阳性神经纤维的发芽反应,对照组无此反应.结论 神经生长因子对基底前脑神经元有一定的保护作用. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文 |
目的 观察神经生长因子(NGF)对猴基底前脑神经元的保护作用,以探讨Alzheimer病的治疗方法.方法 将6只老年恒河猴分为2组,将其脑内的穹隆切断,阻断NGF从大脑皮层至海马的神经通路,一组动物将能分泌人NGF的细胞微包囊移植到同侧侧脑室内,另一组移植不能分泌NGF的细胞.结果 术后3～4周,隔区免疫组织化学检查显示,对照组隔区低亲和力神经生长因子受体(p75NGFr)阳性神经元较对侧减少53%,残余细胞呈萎缩状,而实验组只较对侧减少7%～23%;实验组的胆碱乙酰化酶免疫阳性神经元在隔区内计数比对侧减少0～37%,而对照组减少57%～75%;实验组的胆碱能阳性神经元的形态正常,对照组的神经元显示萎缩;实验组在隔区内可见胆碱能神经纤维及p75NGFr阳性神经纤维的发芽反应,对照组无此反应.结论 神经生长因子对基底前脑神经元有一定的保护作用. | Objective To study the preventive effects of nerve growth factor(NGF)on basal forebrain neurons to explore the therapy for Alzheimer disease.Methods Six aged Rhesus monkeys were divided into two groups(group A and group B)randomly.NGF transport from cerebral cortex were blocked in all the monkeys.Group A received homopleural intraventricular implants of polymer-encapsulated cells that were modified to secrete NGF.Group B received identical implants of empty capsules.Results Three to four weeks after operation,the monkeys in the group B displayed extensive reductions in the number of p75NGFr receptor immunoreactive neurons(53%)and choline acetyltransferase immunoreactive neurons (57%to 75%)within the septum.The monkeys in group A appeared to be normal size telative to the atrophic appearance of cholinergic neurons and p75NGFr receptor imrnunoreactive neurons in the monkeys receiving control implants.Conclusion NGF could prevent basal forebrain neuron degeneration in aged monkeys. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文 |
Objective To observe the immune separation effects of micro-capsules from alginate-polylysine-alginate(APA)in the rat cerebral transplantation of bovine chromaffin cell(BCC)grafts.Methods Microencapsulated BCC,non-microencapsulated BCC or empty microencapsulated BCC were grafted into the striatum of the hemiparkinsonian disease(PD)-like rats respectively.The abnormal rotational behavior induced by apomorphine was observed in the rats after operation.At the end of experiments the rats were killed and transcardially perfused with 300 ml normal saline.The brains were removed and frozen sections were cut in coronal plane on a freezing microtome.The BCC grafts and micro-capsules in the brains were observed under a fluorescent microscope after SPG staining and HE staining.Results The changes in abnormal behavior of PD-like rats in empty microencapsulated graft group were not significant in 10 months (P>0.05).Among the 16 PD-like rats in non-microencapsulated graft group,9 rats had an improvement of abnormal rotational behavior one week after transplantation,with the rotations being decreased to 44.0%～60.9% of pregrafting in non-microencapsulated BCC graft group(P<0.01).At the 10th month of postgrafting there were a large number of survival BCC in the host striatum with only minimum host reaction in microencapsulated BCC graft grotip.On the 6th month of postgrafting there was some survival BCC in the host corpus striatum accompanied by inflammatory response in non-microencapsulated BCC graft group.There was a significant difference in apomorphine-induced rotational behavior between microencapsulated BCC graft group and non-microencapsulated BCC graft group(P<0.01).Conclusion Transplantation of BCC into brain can improve the abnormal rotational behavior in PD-like rats,which was correlated with the SUrvival of BCC in the host brain.The micro-capsules from APA can decrease the host irnrnune response to the heterogenic BCC grafts. | 目的 观察微囊化牛嗜铬细胞(BCC)大鼠脑内移植的效果及微囊的作用.方法 将微囊化或非微囊化BCC和空微囊分别移植于帕金森病(PD)样大鼠脑纹状体内,观察术后阿朴吗啡诱发大鼠异常旋转行为的变化;用蔗糖一磷钾酸-乙醛酸(SPG)荧光染色和HE染色观察脑组织中植入的BCC及微囊的状态.结果 空囊组PD样大鼠异常旋转行为改变不明显(n=6,P>0.05);非微囊组16只PD样大鼠中9只大鼠移植后1周旋转圈数下降到移植前的44.0%～60.9%(P<0.01),移植6个月时仍有BCC在部分受体脑内存活,移植区有较明显的炎性反应,另有7只PD样大鼠移植后异常旋转行为无明显改善(P>0.05),其脑内未见存活的BCC,移植区有较明显的炎性反应;微囊组16只PD样大鼠移植后旋转圈数下降到移植前的17.6%～35.6%(P<0.01),移植后10个月时大鼠脑内仍存在大量存活的微囊化BCC,无明显的炎性反应.微囊化BCC移植改善PD样大鼠异常旋转行为的效果明显优于非微囊者(P<0.01).结论 BCC脑内移植可改善PD样大鼠的异常旋转行为;大鼠旋转行为的改善与BCC在脑内的存活状态有关;海藻酸钠及多聚赖氨酸制作的微囊可降低异种BCC移植的排斥反应发生率. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文 |
目的 观察微囊化牛嗜铬细胞(BCC)大鼠脑内移植的效果及微囊的作用.方法 将微囊化或非微囊化BCC和空微囊分别移植于帕金森病(PD)样大鼠脑纹状体内,观察术后阿朴吗啡诱发大鼠异常旋转行为的变化;用蔗糖一磷钾酸-乙醛酸(SPG)荧光染色和HE染色观察脑组织中植入的BCC及微囊的状态.结果 空囊组PD样大鼠异常旋转行为改变不明显(n=6,P>0.05);非微囊组16只PD样大鼠中9只大鼠移植后1周旋转圈数下降到移植前的44.0%～60.9%(P<0.01),移植6个月时仍有BCC在部分受体脑内存活,移植区有较明显的炎性反应,另有7只PD样大鼠移植后异常旋转行为无明显改善(P>0.05),其脑内未见存活的BCC,移植区有较明显的炎性反应;微囊组16只PD样大鼠移植后旋转圈数下降到移植前的17.6%～35.6%(P<0.01),移植后10个月时大鼠脑内仍存在大量存活的微囊化BCC,无明显的炎性反应.微囊化BCC移植改善PD样大鼠异常旋转行为的效果明显优于非微囊者(P<0.01).结论 BCC脑内移植可改善PD样大鼠的异常旋转行为;大鼠旋转行为的改善与BCC在脑内的存活状态有关;海藻酸钠及多聚赖氨酸制作的微囊可降低异种BCC移植的排斥反应发生率. | Objective To observe the immune separation effects of micro-capsules from alginate-polylysine-alginate(APA)in the rat cerebral transplantation of bovine chromaffin cell(BCC)grafts.Methods Microencapsulated BCC,non-microencapsulated BCC or empty microencapsulated BCC were grafted into the striatum of the hemiparkinsonian disease(PD)-like rats respectively.The abnormal rotational behavior induced by apomorphine was observed in the rats after operation.At the end of experiments the rats were killed and transcardially perfused with 300 ml normal saline.The brains were removed and frozen sections were cut in coronal plane on a freezing microtome.The BCC grafts and micro-capsules in the brains were observed under a fluorescent microscope after SPG staining and HE staining.Results The changes in abnormal behavior of PD-like rats in empty microencapsulated graft group were not significant in 10 months (P>0.05).Among the 16 PD-like rats in non-microencapsulated graft group,9 rats had an improvement of abnormal rotational behavior one week after transplantation,with the rotations being decreased to 44.0%～60.9% of pregrafting in non-microencapsulated BCC graft group(P<0.01).At the 10th month of postgrafting there were a large number of survival BCC in the host striatum with only minimum host reaction in microencapsulated BCC graft grotip.On the 6th month of postgrafting there was some survival BCC in the host corpus striatum accompanied by inflammatory response in non-microencapsulated BCC graft group.There was a significant difference in apomorphine-induced rotational behavior between microencapsulated BCC graft group and non-microencapsulated BCC graft group(P<0.01).Conclusion Transplantation of BCC into brain can improve the abnormal rotational behavior in PD-like rats,which was correlated with the SUrvival of BCC in the host brain.The micro-capsules from APA can decrease the host irnrnune response to the heterogenic BCC grafts. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文 |
Objective To investigate the survival of fetal rat cerebral cortex homografted to adult rat brain and neural connection between recipients brain and grafting tissue.Methods Normal male adult Wistar rats were used as host or recipients,and the donor tissues were obtained from 15 to 17th day fetus of Wistar rats.The donor tissues were taken from the cerebral cortex of fetus and cut into pieces which were transplanted into the brain cavity previously prepared of the recipients.Transplanted rats received daily intraperitoneal iniection of 10 mg/kg cyclosporin A for 2 weeks to prevent immuno-rejection.All the animals were killed at different intervals(1 to 5 months)by perfusing fixative solution transcardially.The sections of rat brain specimens were stained with ABC immunohistochemistry and examined by light and electron microscope.Results Only 30% of the homografts survived and the sereotonergic-like nerve fibers were projected from host brain tissue.Conclusion The grafted tissue of fetal brain cortex might survive and form neural connections with the cerebral cortex of recipients after homograit transplantation. | 目的 探讨胎脑组织移植后的存活情况及移植物与受体脑组织之间的神经纤维联系.方法 以成年雄性Wistar大鼠为受体,胎龄为15～17天的Wistar胎鼠为供体.将胎鼠的脑皮层组织块移植至受体鼠的损毁脑腔内.术后应用环孢素A预防排斥反应.术后1、3、5个月处死动物,应用免疫组织化学技术(ABC法)进行脑组织切片染色,光镜及电镜下观察.结果 同种胎脑皮层组织移植后存活率为30%,5-羟色胺能神经纤维从受体脑组织内长入移植物中,证明二者之间已建立神经纤维联系.结论 胎脑移植物与受体脑组织之间可建立神经纤维联系. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文 |
目的 探讨胎脑组织移植后的存活情况及移植物与受体脑组织之间的神经纤维联系.方法 以成年雄性Wistar大鼠为受体,胎龄为15～17天的Wistar胎鼠为供体.将胎鼠的脑皮层组织块移植至受体鼠的损毁脑腔内.术后应用环孢素A预防排斥反应.术后1、3、5个月处死动物,应用免疫组织化学技术(ABC法)进行脑组织切片染色,光镜及电镜下观察.结果 同种胎脑皮层组织移植后存活率为30%,5-羟色胺能神经纤维从受体脑组织内长入移植物中,证明二者之间已建立神经纤维联系.结论 胎脑移植物与受体脑组织之间可建立神经纤维联系. | Objective To investigate the survival of fetal rat cerebral cortex homografted to adult rat brain and neural connection between recipients brain and grafting tissue.Methods Normal male adult Wistar rats were used as host or recipients,and the donor tissues were obtained from 15 to 17th day fetus of Wistar rats.The donor tissues were taken from the cerebral cortex of fetus and cut into pieces which were transplanted into the brain cavity previously prepared of the recipients.Transplanted rats received daily intraperitoneal iniection of 10 mg/kg cyclosporin A for 2 weeks to prevent immuno-rejection.All the animals were killed at different intervals(1 to 5 months)by perfusing fixative solution transcardially.The sections of rat brain specimens were stained with ABC immunohistochemistry and examined by light and electron microscope.Results Only 30% of the homografts survived and the sereotonergic-like nerve fibers were projected from host brain tissue.Conclusion The grafted tissue of fetal brain cortex might survive and form neural connections with the cerebral cortex of recipients after homograit transplantation. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文 |
Objective To verify whether the cerebellar cell grafts to be survival in the recipient brain and the transplanted neurons to correct and improve the cerebellar function disorders and symptoms so as to explore a new way to treat cerebellar lesions.Methods Embryonic cerebellar tissue suspension from 13-day C57BL/6 mice was transplanted into the injured cerebellum of 3-month BALB/c mice.After operation,observation(including histological observation)was conducted for 1 to 8 weeks.On the basis of aninlal experiment,9～12-week human embryonic cerebellar tissue suspension was transplanted into the cerebellum of 6 medically intractable patients with severe hereditary cerebellar degenerative ataxia.Results The histological observation of the cerebellar tissue in the animal experiment revealed that embryonic grafts could survive and that mitoses of the host Purkinje cells of the implanted group were increased substantially over the control groups.The short-term therapeutic effects were good in the 6 patients following cerebellar transplantation.The symptoms,signs,and objective parameters were all improved to some extent.After 5 to 7 years'follow-up,only 2 patients had a good result.Conclusion The embryonic cerebellar tissue can suave in the recipient cerebellum and has the potential to regenerate the neurons and improve the nervous function. | 目的 为了证实小脑组织移植后移植物在受体脑内是否存活以及植入的神经细胞是否可以纠正和改善小脑功能缺陷和症状.方法 将胎龄为13天的C57BL/6小鼠胚胎小脑组织悬液移植到3个月龄的BALB/c成年小鼠脑内,术后观察1～8周,并进行组织学观察.在动物实验基础上,将胎龄为9～12周的人胚胎小脑组织悬液移植到6例患有严重小脑萎缩的患者脑内.结果 动物实验的组织切片证实移植物在受体脑内再生,并且可见浦氏细胞分化成熟和迁徙到颗粒细胞层.6例患者接受小脑移植后近期疗效良好,症状和体征及客观指标均有改善.经过5～7年随访,仅2例患者疗效稳定.结论 未成熟小脑组织移植后可在受体脑内存活,并且有神经细胞再生和改善神经功能潜力,但术后的排斥反应尚需深入研究. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文 |
目的 为了证实小脑组织移植后移植物在受体脑内是否存活以及植入的神经细胞是否可以纠正和改善小脑功能缺陷和症状.方法 将胎龄为13天的C57BL/6小鼠胚胎小脑组织悬液移植到3个月龄的BALB/c成年小鼠脑内,术后观察1～8周,并进行组织学观察.在动物实验基础上,将胎龄为9～12周的人胚胎小脑组织悬液移植到6例患有严重小脑萎缩的患者脑内.结果 动物实验的组织切片证实移植物在受体脑内再生,并且可见浦氏细胞分化成熟和迁徙到颗粒细胞层.6例患者接受小脑移植后近期疗效良好,症状和体征及客观指标均有改善.经过5～7年随访,仅2例患者疗效稳定.结论 未成熟小脑组织移植后可在受体脑内存活,并且有神经细胞再生和改善神经功能潜力,但术后的排斥反应尚需深入研究. | Objective To verify whether the cerebellar cell grafts to be survival in the recipient brain and the transplanted neurons to correct and improve the cerebellar function disorders and symptoms so as to explore a new way to treat cerebellar lesions.Methods Embryonic cerebellar tissue suspension from 13-day C57BL/6 mice was transplanted into the injured cerebellum of 3-month BALB/c mice.After operation,observation(including histological observation)was conducted for 1 to 8 weeks.On the basis of aninlal experiment,9～12-week human embryonic cerebellar tissue suspension was transplanted into the cerebellum of 6 medically intractable patients with severe hereditary cerebellar degenerative ataxia.Results The histological observation of the cerebellar tissue in the animal experiment revealed that embryonic grafts could survive and that mitoses of the host Purkinje cells of the implanted group were increased substantially over the control groups.The short-term therapeutic effects were good in the 6 patients following cerebellar transplantation.The symptoms,signs,and objective parameters were all improved to some extent.After 5 to 7 years'follow-up,only 2 patients had a good result.Conclusion The embryonic cerebellar tissue can suave in the recipient cerebellum and has the potential to regenerate the neurons and improve the nervous function. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文 |
Objective To study the effects of alginate-polylysine-alginate(APA)microencapsulated islet in xenotransplantation.Methods Islets were isolated from Wistar rat pancreas by ductal rejection of collagenase,digested,and purified by using Ficoll gradient.After cultured,the islets were encapsulated in PAP semipermeable membranes.The microencapsule had a diameter ranging from 0.4 to 0.6mm with each microencapsule containing one islet. 1 000 encapsulated or non-encapsulated islets were intrapentoneally transplanted into the diabetic mice in the absence of immunosuppression.Results There was no signilicant difference in insulin Secretion between the encapsulated islets and non-encapsulated ones (P>0.05 ).Diabetes was reversed within 3 days after transplantation of encapsulated islets with the fasting plasma glucoselevels being droppedfrom(22.0±0.51)mmol/L to (7.8±0.48)mmol/L and maintaining a mean normoglycemia for 126 days. While the non-encapsulated islets only functioned less than 8 days posttransplantation Conclusion The encapsulated pancreatic islets, semipermeable membranes, can effectively prolong the xenograft survival without immunosuppression,and reverse hyperglycemia in diabetic mice. | 目的 研究海藻酸钠-聚赖氨酸-海藻酸钠包裹胰岛进行移植的效果.方法 将Wistar大鼠的胰腺先行胶原酶胰管内注射消化,然后分离、纯化,所得胰岛经培养后制成微囊包膜的胰岛,微囊直径为0.4～0.5mm,每个微囊内包含1个胰岛.将微囊包膜及非包膜的胰岛移植至小鼠腹腔内,每个受体的移植量约1 000个胰岛.术后不用免疫抑制剂.结果 微囊化的胰岛分别置含葡萄糖5.6mmol/L和16.7mmol/L的无血清TC199培养基中培养,其胰岛素的释放量,包膜组与非包膜组相比,差异不显著(P>0.05).微囊化胰岛移植组术后3天非空腹血糖从(22.0±0.51)mmol/L降至(7.8±0.48)mmol/L,维持正常血糖的时间平均为126天;单纯胰岛移植组术后移植物有功能存活不足8天.结论 微囊化胰岛移植后可在不使用免疫抑制剂的情况下延长胰岛移植物的存活时间,逆转高血糖. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文 |
目的 研究海藻酸钠-聚赖氨酸-海藻酸钠包裹胰岛进行移植的效果.方法 将Wistar大鼠的胰腺先行胶原酶胰管内注射消化,然后分离、纯化,所得胰岛经培养后制成微囊包膜的胰岛,微囊直径为0.4～0.5mm,每个微囊内包含1个胰岛.将微囊包膜及非包膜的胰岛移植至小鼠腹腔内,每个受体的移植量约1 000个胰岛.术后不用免疫抑制剂.结果 微囊化的胰岛分别置含葡萄糖5.6mmol/L和16.7mmol/L的无血清TC199培养基中培养,其胰岛素的释放量,包膜组与非包膜组相比,差异不显著(P>0.05).微囊化胰岛移植组术后3天非空腹血糖从(22.0±0.51)mmol/L降至(7.8±0.48)mmol/L,维持正常血糖的时间平均为126天;单纯胰岛移植组术后移植物有功能存活不足8天.结论 微囊化胰岛移植后可在不使用免疫抑制剂的情况下延长胰岛移植物的存活时间,逆转高血糖. | Objective To study the effects of alginate-polylysine-alginate(APA)microencapsulated islet in xenotransplantation.Methods Islets were isolated from Wistar rat pancreas by ductal rejection of collagenase,digested,and purified by using Ficoll gradient.After cultured,the islets were encapsulated in PAP semipermeable membranes.The microencapsule had a diameter ranging from 0.4 to 0.6mm with each microencapsule containing one islet. 1 000 encapsulated or non-encapsulated islets were intrapentoneally transplanted into the diabetic mice in the absence of immunosuppression.Results There was no signilicant difference in insulin Secretion between the encapsulated islets and non-encapsulated ones (P>0.05 ).Diabetes was reversed within 3 days after transplantation of encapsulated islets with the fasting plasma glucoselevels being droppedfrom(22.0±0.51)mmol/L to (7.8±0.48)mmol/L and maintaining a mean normoglycemia for 126 days. While the non-encapsulated islets only functioned less than 8 days posttransplantation Conclusion The encapsulated pancreatic islets, semipermeable membranes, can effectively prolong the xenograft survival without immunosuppression,and reverse hyperglycemia in diabetic mice. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文 |
Objective To investigate the morphological changes of the thyroids in diabetic rats undergoing the transplantation of microencapsulated neonatal porcine islets.Methods 800 microencapsulated neonatal porcine islets were transplanted intraperitoneally into streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.Three months after the islet transplantation,all animals were killed,and the thyroid sections were observed.Results The levels of plasma glucose(PG)were(4.87±0.47)mmol/L in control group (CG)and(6.44±1.82)mmol/L in transplantation group(TG),and(16.12±1.47)mmol/L in diabetes group(DG)before decapitation of the animals.No significant difference was found in PG between TG and CG(P>0.05),but the difference in PG between DG and CG was significant(P<0.001).The colloid areas in the follicular lumens of the thyroids in TG and DG showed no significant difference as compared with those in CG,but the cell heights of the follicular epithelium of the thyroids(CFWET)in DG had a significant difference as compared with those in CG(P<0.001),whereas no significant difference was observed in CHFET between TG and CG(P>0.05).Conclusion The morphological change of the epithelial cells of the thyroid follicle in the recipients may be reversed if its PG was effectively controlled after islet transplantation,which may contribute to reversing the thyroid hyposecretion function in diabetes mellitus. | 目的 探讨糖尿病大鼠胰岛移植后的甲状腺形态学的变化.方法 给用链脲霉素所致的糖尿病大鼠腹腔内移植微囊包膜的新生猪胰岛800个.术后3个月将动物处死,取甲状腺切片观察.结果 动物处死前对照组及移植组的血糖水平分别为(4.87±0.47)mmol/L和(6.44±1.82)mmol/L,糖尿病组为(16.12±1.47)mmol/L,移植组与对照组比较,差异不显著(P>0.05),糖尿病组与对照组比较,差异显著(P<0.001);甲状腺滤泡腔内胶质的面积,移植组、糖尿病组分别与对照组比较,差异不显著,但甲状腺滤泡上皮细胞的高度,糖尿病组与对照组相比,差异显著(P<0.001),而移植组与对照组相比,差异不显著(P>0.05).结论 胰岛移植后若受体的血糖控制良好,其甲状腺滤泡上皮细胞的形态改变可以逆转,这可能是纠正糖尿病时甲状腺分泌功能低下的重要因素之一. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文 |
目的 探讨糖尿病大鼠胰岛移植后的甲状腺形态学的变化.方法 给用链脲霉素所致的糖尿病大鼠腹腔内移植微囊包膜的新生猪胰岛800个.术后3个月将动物处死,取甲状腺切片观察.结果 动物处死前对照组及移植组的血糖水平分别为(4.87±0.47)mmol/L和(6.44±1.82)mmol/L,糖尿病组为(16.12±1.47)mmol/L,移植组与对照组比较,差异不显著(P>0.05),糖尿病组与对照组比较,差异显著(P<0.001);甲状腺滤泡腔内胶质的面积,移植组、糖尿病组分别与对照组比较,差异不显著,但甲状腺滤泡上皮细胞的高度,糖尿病组与对照组相比,差异显著(P<0.001),而移植组与对照组相比,差异不显著(P>0.05).结论 胰岛移植后若受体的血糖控制良好,其甲状腺滤泡上皮细胞的形态改变可以逆转,这可能是纠正糖尿病时甲状腺分泌功能低下的重要因素之一. | Objective To investigate the morphological changes of the thyroids in diabetic rats undergoing the transplantation of microencapsulated neonatal porcine islets.Methods 800 microencapsulated neonatal porcine islets were transplanted intraperitoneally into streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.Three months after the islet transplantation,all animals were killed,and the thyroid sections were observed.Results The levels of plasma glucose(PG)were(4.87±0.47)mmol/L in control group (CG)and(6.44±1.82)mmol/L in transplantation group(TG),and(16.12±1.47)mmol/L in diabetes group(DG)before decapitation of the animals.No significant difference was found in PG between TG and CG(P>0.05),but the difference in PG between DG and CG was significant(P<0.001).The colloid areas in the follicular lumens of the thyroids in TG and DG showed no significant difference as compared with those in CG,but the cell heights of the follicular epithelium of the thyroids(CFWET)in DG had a significant difference as compared with those in CG(P<0.001),whereas no significant difference was observed in CHFET between TG and CG(P>0.05).Conclusion The morphological change of the epithelial cells of the thyroid follicle in the recipients may be reversed if its PG was effectively controlled after islet transplantation,which may contribute to reversing the thyroid hyposecretion function in diabetes mellitus. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文 |
Objective To observe the effects of intrathymic islet transplantation or renal subcapsule islet transplantation on the graft survival.Methods C57BL/6 mice were used as recipients and BALB/c as donors The recipients receiving intrathymic or renal subcapsule islet transplantation were divided into simple transplantation groups and the group intraperitoneally receiving rabbit antithymocyte serum(ATS) at the time of islet transplantation.Results The median survival time (MST) of simple intrathymic allografts were 19.5 days,longer than that of allografts implanted beneath the renal capsule.Administration of ATS at the time of islet transplantation delayed rejection of islets transplanted to the renal subcapsute(MST,43.0 days),and intrathymic allografts were superior(MST,93.8 days).Six of 8 intrathymic grafts with administration of ATS survived permanently.especially a state of donor-specific unresponsiveness was induced.Conclusion The thymus may be an immunoprivileged site for islet transplantation and may play an important role during the induction of immune tolerance. | 目的 观察胸腺内和肾包膜下胰岛移植对移植物存活时间的影响.方法 以C57BL/6小鼠为受体,BALB/c小鼠为供体,肾包膜下胰岛移植分为单纯移植和移植的同时加腹腔内一次性注射兔抗小鼠胸腺细胞血清(ATS)两组,胸腺内移植组亦分为单纯移植和移植加用ATS两组.结果 单纯胸腺内移植组其移植物的存活期为(19.5±10.1)天,长于单纯肾包膜下移植组(14.0±2.1)天;移植的同时加用ATS,则肾包膜下移植组移植物的存活期为(43.0±11.7)天,胸腺内移植组可达(93,8±25.5)天以上,其中6只(6/8)胸腺内移植物获长期存活,并且诱导了受体对供体的特异无反应性.结论 胸腺可能为胰岛移植的理想部位,而且在诱导免疫耐受中具有重要作用. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文 |
目的 观察胸腺内和肾包膜下胰岛移植对移植物存活时间的影响.方法 以C57BL/6小鼠为受体,BALB/c小鼠为供体,肾包膜下胰岛移植分为单纯移植和移植的同时加腹腔内一次性注射兔抗小鼠胸腺细胞血清(ATS)两组,胸腺内移植组亦分为单纯移植和移植加用ATS两组.结果 单纯胸腺内移植组其移植物的存活期为(19.5±10.1)天,长于单纯肾包膜下移植组(14.0±2.1)天;移植的同时加用ATS,则肾包膜下移植组移植物的存活期为(43.0±11.7)天,胸腺内移植组可达(93,8±25.5)天以上,其中6只(6/8)胸腺内移植物获长期存活,并且诱导了受体对供体的特异无反应性.结论 胸腺可能为胰岛移植的理想部位,而且在诱导免疫耐受中具有重要作用. | Objective To observe the effects of intrathymic islet transplantation or renal subcapsule islet transplantation on the graft survival.Methods C57BL/6 mice were used as recipients and BALB/c as donors The recipients receiving intrathymic or renal subcapsule islet transplantation were divided into simple transplantation groups and the group intraperitoneally receiving rabbit antithymocyte serum(ATS) at the time of islet transplantation.Results The median survival time (MST) of simple intrathymic allografts were 19.5 days,longer than that of allografts implanted beneath the renal capsule.Administration of ATS at the time of islet transplantation delayed rejection of islets transplanted to the renal subcapsute(MST,43.0 days),and intrathymic allografts were superior(MST,93.8 days).Six of 8 intrathymic grafts with administration of ATS survived permanently.especially a state of donor-specific unresponsiveness was induced.Conclusion The thymus may be an immunoprivileged site for islet transplantation and may play an important role during the induction of immune tolerance. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文 |
The definition of vector valued continued fraction interpolating splinesis at first introduced by means of generalized inverse of a vector.In the computation of the interpolating splines, which are of representationof the convergences for Thiele-type continued fraction,the three recurencerelation is avioded and a new,effective recursive algorithm is constructed.A sufficient condition for existence is given. Some interpolation resultsincluing uniqueness are given. In the end, a exact interpolation remainderformula is obtained. | 本文首次引入了关于广义逆的向量有理插值样条的概念.这类插值样条具有Thiele型连分式的截断分式的表现形式.在它的构造过程中,不必用到连分式的三项递推关系,本文得到的新的有效的系数算法具有递推运算的特点.存在性的一个充分条件得以建立.包括唯一性在内的有关插值问题的某些结果得到证明.最后,本文给出了一个精确的插值误差公式. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文 |
本文首次引入了关于广义逆的向量有理插值样条的概念.这类插值样条具有Thiele型连分式的截断分式的表现形式.在它的构造过程中,不必用到连分式的三项递推关系,本文得到的新的有效的系数算法具有递推运算的特点.存在性的一个充分条件得以建立.包括唯一性在内的有关插值问题的某些结果得到证明.最后,本文给出了一个精确的插值误差公式. | The definition of vector valued continued fraction interpolating splinesis at first introduced by means of generalized inverse of a vector.In the computation of the interpolating splines, which are of representationof the convergences for Thiele-type continued fraction,the three recurencerelation is avioded and a new,effective recursive algorithm is constructed.A sufficient condition for existence is given. Some interpolation resultsincluing uniqueness are given. In the end, a exact interpolation remainderformula is obtained. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文 |
In this paper we introduce a new kind of interpolation of function with period 2π and estabilsh the rate of convergence. The usual Birkhoff interpolation is a special case of our new interpolation as a limit case. | 本文对周期为2的函数引入了一类新的函数插值并建立了插值的收敛速度估计.通常的Birkhoff插值是该插值的极限情形. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文 |
本文对周期为2的函数引入了一类新的函数插值并建立了插值的收敛速度估计.通常的Birkhoff插值是该插值的极限情形. | In this paper we introduce a new kind of interpolation of function with period 2π and estabilsh the rate of convergence. The usual Birkhoff interpolation is a special case of our new interpolation as a limit case. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文 |
Lp mapping properties are considered for a class of oscillatory signularintegral operators. | 考虑了一类振荡奇异积分算子Lp性质. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文 |
考虑了一类振荡奇异积分算子Lp性质. | Lp mapping properties are considered for a class of oscillatory signularintegral operators. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文 |
A Legendre spectral approximation based on the pressurestabilization method for non-periodic, unsteady Navier-Stokesequations is considered. The generalized stability and the convergence are proved strictly. The approximation results in this paper are also useful for other non-linear problems. | 本文采用压力稳定化方法近似模拟不可压缩条件,进而构造了发展型非周期Navier-Stokes方程的全离散Legendre谱逼近计算格式,严格分析了格式的广义稳定性与收敛性.本文建立的逼近结果也适用其它非周期问题. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文 |
本文采用压力稳定化方法近似模拟不可压缩条件,进而构造了发展型非周期Navier-Stokes方程的全离散Legendre谱逼近计算格式,严格分析了格式的广义稳定性与收敛性.本文建立的逼近结果也适用其它非周期问题. | A Legendre spectral approximation based on the pressurestabilization method for non-periodic, unsteady Navier-Stokesequations is considered. The generalized stability and the convergence are proved strictly. The approximation results in this paper are also useful for other non-linear problems. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文 |
In this paper, a variant of Ciarlet-Raviart mixed finite element scheme for solving the biharmonic equation is introduced, in which linear and quadratic elements are used for approximating the vorticity -△φ and the stream function φ, respectively. Under the conditions that triangulation is quasi-uniform, it is proved that the scheme has the same order of accuracy as the standard Ciarlet-Raviart scheme using quadratic finite elements. | 本文推广解双调合方程的Ciarlet-Raviart混合有限元方案:用二次元逼近流函数φ,一次元逼近涡度-△φ.在拟一致三角形剖分的条件下,证明了推广方案具有φ和-△φ都用二次元逼近的标准Ciarlet-Raviart方案同样的精度阶. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文 |
本文推广解双调合方程的Ciarlet-Raviart混合有限元方案:用二次元逼近流函数φ,一次元逼近涡度-△φ.在拟一致三角形剖分的条件下,证明了推广方案具有φ和-△φ都用二次元逼近的标准Ciarlet-Raviart方案同样的精度阶. | In this paper, a variant of Ciarlet-Raviart mixed finite element scheme for solving the biharmonic equation is introduced, in which linear and quadratic elements are used for approximating the vorticity -△φ and the stream function φ, respectively. Under the conditions that triangulation is quasi-uniform, it is proved that the scheme has the same order of accuracy as the standard Ciarlet-Raviart scheme using quadratic finite elements. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文 |
In this paper we show that the de Rham andthe Signature operators on a Riemannian manifold are all isomorphicto some twisted Atiyah-Singer operators. Then the local index theoremand local Lefschetz fixed point formulas of these operators canbe obtained from the corresponding theorems of twistedAtiyah-Singer operators. | 本文证明黎曼流形上的de Rham以及Signature算子都同构于扭化的Atiyah-Singer算子.这两类算子的局部指数定理和局部Lefschetz不动点公式都可以从扭化的Atiyah-Singer算子得到. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文 |
本文证明黎曼流形上的de Rham以及Signature算子都同构于扭化的Atiyah-Singer算子.这两类算子的局部指数定理和局部Lefschetz不动点公式都可以从扭化的Atiyah-Singer算子得到. | In this paper we show that the de Rham andthe Signature operators on a Riemannian manifold are all isomorphicto some twisted Atiyah-Singer operators. Then the local index theoremand local Lefschetz fixed point formulas of these operators canbe obtained from the corresponding theorems of twistedAtiyah-Singer operators. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文 |
In this paper we introduce the concepts of Z-space and Z-KKMmapping, generalize famous F-KKM theorem and other versions ofKKM theorem. | 本文引入了Z-空间概念,定义了一类新的映射:Z-KKM映射,推广了著名的FKKM定理及其它各种形式的KKM定理. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文 |
本文引入了Z-空间概念,定义了一类新的映射:Z-KKM映射,推广了著名的FKKM定理及其它各种形式的KKM定理. | In this paper we introduce the concepts of Z-space and Z-KKMmapping, generalize famous F-KKM theorem and other versions ofKKM theorem. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文 |
In this paper, the concepts of θ-continuous functions and θ-compactness in fyzzifying topology characterized in terms of θ-open sets is given, some properties of θ-continuous functions and θ-compactness are discussed. | 本文在不分明化拓扑中从θ-开集出发给出了θ-连续函数和θ-紧性的概念,并讨论了它们的某些性质. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文 |
本文在不分明化拓扑中从θ-开集出发给出了θ-连续函数和θ-紧性的概念,并讨论了它们的某些性质. | In this paper, the concepts of θ-continuous functions and θ-compactness in fyzzifying topology characterized in terms of θ-open sets is given, some properties of θ-continuous functions and θ-compactness are discussed. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文 |
In the paper,we obtain the SRC lifting of a right continuous,left upper semi-continuous random process on a Loeb space.And show the existenceof S-optimal stopping of an internal process,construct the S-optimal stopping.Finally we prove the fact thatthe standard part of the S-optimal stopping of a SRC lifting is the optimalstopping of the corresponding standard process,which generalizes the conclusionsin [8] on a Loeb space. | 本文在Loeb空间上得到了右连续左半上连续的随机过程的SRC提升.证明了一个内过程的S-最优停止的存在性,并得到了它的结构性表示.最后证明了一个过程SRC提升的S-最优停止的标准部分即为对应标准过程的最优停止,在Loeb空间上推广了[8]中的结果. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文 |
本文在Loeb空间上得到了右连续左半上连续的随机过程的SRC提升.证明了一个内过程的S-最优停止的存在性,并得到了它的结构性表示.最后证明了一个过程SRC提升的S-最优停止的标准部分即为对应标准过程的最优停止,在Loeb空间上推广了[8]中的结果. | In the paper,we obtain the SRC lifting of a right continuous,left upper semi-continuous random process on a Loeb space.And show the existenceof S-optimal stopping of an internal process,construct the S-optimal stopping.Finally we prove the fact thatthe standard part of the S-optimal stopping of a SRC lifting is the optimalstopping of the corresponding standard process,which generalizes the conclusionsin [8] on a Loeb space. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文 |
In this paper,the emission factors of four motor vehicles in Hong Kong are developed based on the on-road emissions measurement.An exhaust gas measurement system is set up and used in the on-road tests,which enables the direct and continuous determination of the exhaust emissions from vehicles running on the road.Using this system the instantaneous concentrations of exhaust gases,smoke intensity,air-fuel ratio,engine speed,vehicle speed,fuel consumption rate,etc,were recorded during the tests under realistic road conditions.The instantaneous emissions are integrated over a number of driving segments for obtaining the emission factors,and the effects of average speed of each segment and pay load were studied. | 在实际道路行驶中测量了香港地区的汽车排放水平.选择了4部有代表性的车辆,两部汽油车,分别为无催化转换器和有催化转换器;两部柴油车,分别为轻型车和双层公共汽车.在车辆上安装了一套废气排放实时测量系统,可以在汽车行驶中连续测量汽车的瞬时气体排放和哈特里奇(Hartridge)烟度、空燃比、发动机转速、汽车行驶速度、油耗率等.利用多次测得的以上数据,把瞬态排放值经过积分得到了平均的汽车排放因子[g/km或者g/(kg fuel)].分析了平均车速和汽车载重量对平均排放因子的影响. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文 |
在实际道路行驶中测量了香港地区的汽车排放水平.选择了4部有代表性的车辆,两部汽油车,分别为无催化转换器和有催化转换器;两部柴油车,分别为轻型车和双层公共汽车.在车辆上安装了一套废气排放实时测量系统,可以在汽车行驶中连续测量汽车的瞬时气体排放和哈特里奇(Hartridge)烟度、空燃比、发动机转速、汽车行驶速度、油耗率等.利用多次测得的以上数据,把瞬态排放值经过积分得到了平均的汽车排放因子[g/km或者g/(kg fuel)].分析了平均车速和汽车载重量对平均排放因子的影响. | In this paper,the emission factors of four motor vehicles in Hong Kong are developed based on the on-road emissions measurement.An exhaust gas measurement system is set up and used in the on-road tests,which enables the direct and continuous determination of the exhaust emissions from vehicles running on the road.Using this system the instantaneous concentrations of exhaust gases,smoke intensity,air-fuel ratio,engine speed,vehicle speed,fuel consumption rate,etc,were recorded during the tests under realistic road conditions.The instantaneous emissions are integrated over a number of driving segments for obtaining the emission factors,and the effects of average speed of each segment and pay load were studied. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文 |
Aim To study the implicit restriction mechanism for hidden action in multi-stage dynamic game. Methods A reputation model for restriction on repeated principal-agent relationship was established by using the theory on principal-agent problem in information economics and the method of game theory to study the implicit restriction mechanism for hidden action. Results and Conclusion It is proved that there exists implicit restriction mechanism for the multi-stage principal-agent relationship, some conditions for effective restriction are derived, the design methods of implicit restriction mechanism are presented. | 目的研究在多阶段动态博弈情况下隐蔽行为的隐性约束机制设计问题. 方法用博弈论方法和信息经济学的委托代理理论方法,建立多阶段委托代理关系约束问题重复博弈的声誉模型,对隐蔽行为的隐性约束机制进行研究. 结果与结论证明了多阶段委托代理关系中隐性约束机制的存在,给出了这种情况下有效约束条件、隐性约束机制的设计方法及部分结论. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文 |
目的研究在多阶段动态博弈情况下隐蔽行为的隐性约束机制设计问题. 方法用博弈论方法和信息经济学的委托代理理论方法,建立多阶段委托代理关系约束问题重复博弈的声誉模型,对隐蔽行为的隐性约束机制进行研究. 结果与结论证明了多阶段委托代理关系中隐性约束机制的存在,给出了这种情况下有效约束条件、隐性约束机制的设计方法及部分结论. | Aim To study the implicit restriction mechanism for hidden action in multi-stage dynamic game. Methods A reputation model for restriction on repeated principal-agent relationship was established by using the theory on principal-agent problem in information economics and the method of game theory to study the implicit restriction mechanism for hidden action. Results and Conclusion It is proved that there exists implicit restriction mechanism for the multi-stage principal-agent relationship, some conditions for effective restriction are derived, the design methods of implicit restriction mechanism are presented. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文 |
Aim To extract harmonic frequencies of helicopter acoustic signal as features for hel-icopter identification. Methods Estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance techniques(ESPRIT) was selected to extract harmonic frequencies from really measured helicopter acoustic signal and an algorithm based on the SVD-TLS was used. Results ESPRIT correctly extracted harmonic frequencies of helicopter using the data of limited length under the various flight conditions. Conclusion ESPRIT is an effective method of extracting harmonic frequencies and using harmonic frequencies of helicopter acoustic signal to recognize helicopter is feasible. | 目的提取直升机声信号谐波频率作为特征用以识别直升机. 方法用旋转不变技术估计信号参数法(ESPRIT)从实测的直升机声信号中提取谐波频率,算法采用SVD-TLS. 结果 ESPRIT方法在直升机不同的飞行条件下,用有限长度的数据准确地提取了声信号的谐波频率. 结论用ESPRIT方法提取直升机声信号谐波频率是十分有效的,将谐波频率作为目标特征用以识别直升机是完全可行的. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文 |
目的提取直升机声信号谐波频率作为特征用以识别直升机. 方法用旋转不变技术估计信号参数法(ESPRIT)从实测的直升机声信号中提取谐波频率,算法采用SVD-TLS. 结果 ESPRIT方法在直升机不同的飞行条件下,用有限长度的数据准确地提取了声信号的谐波频率. 结论用ESPRIT方法提取直升机声信号谐波频率是十分有效的,将谐波频率作为目标特征用以识别直升机是完全可行的. | Aim To extract harmonic frequencies of helicopter acoustic signal as features for hel-icopter identification. Methods Estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance techniques(ESPRIT) was selected to extract harmonic frequencies from really measured helicopter acoustic signal and an algorithm based on the SVD-TLS was used. Results ESPRIT correctly extracted harmonic frequencies of helicopter using the data of limited length under the various flight conditions. Conclusion ESPRIT is an effective method of extracting harmonic frequencies and using harmonic frequencies of helicopter acoustic signal to recognize helicopter is feasible. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文 |
Aim To study the value distribution of meromorphic functions in angular domains, the deficiency, the deficient value, the Nevanlinna direction and other singular directions. Methods A fundamental inequality of Nevanlinna characteristic functions in the angular domain was used, which is similar with the Nevanlinna secondary fundamental theorem. Results The deficiency and deficient value of meromorphic functions about an angular domain and a direction were defined. The definition of Nevanlinna direction was improved. Conclusion For a family of meromorphic functions, it is proved that the number of deficient values is at most countable and the sum of deficiencies isnt greater than 2. The existence of the Nevanlinna direction is obtained. The existence of Borel and Julia directions and the relation between them are found. | 目的研究亚纯函数在角域内的值分布,亏值亏量与Nevanlinna方向及其它奇异方向. 方法使用Nevanlinna特征函数在角域的一个基本不等式,它类似于Nevanlinna第二基本定理. 结果给出亚纯函数关于角域及一个方向的亏值亏量概念,改进Nevanlinna方向的定义. 结论对于一类亚纯函数证明亏值至多为可数个,且亏量总和不超过2. 证明Nevanlinna方向的存在性. 还得到亚纯函数的Borel方向与Julia方向的存在性以及它们之间的关系. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文 |
目的研究亚纯函数在角域内的值分布,亏值亏量与Nevanlinna方向及其它奇异方向. 方法使用Nevanlinna特征函数在角域的一个基本不等式,它类似于Nevanlinna第二基本定理. 结果给出亚纯函数关于角域及一个方向的亏值亏量概念,改进Nevanlinna方向的定义. 结论对于一类亚纯函数证明亏值至多为可数个,且亏量总和不超过2. 证明Nevanlinna方向的存在性. 还得到亚纯函数的Borel方向与Julia方向的存在性以及它们之间的关系. | Aim To study the value distribution of meromorphic functions in angular domains, the deficiency, the deficient value, the Nevanlinna direction and other singular directions. Methods A fundamental inequality of Nevanlinna characteristic functions in the angular domain was used, which is similar with the Nevanlinna secondary fundamental theorem. Results The deficiency and deficient value of meromorphic functions about an angular domain and a direction were defined. The definition of Nevanlinna direction was improved. Conclusion For a family of meromorphic functions, it is proved that the number of deficient values is at most countable and the sum of deficiencies isnt greater than 2. The existence of the Nevanlinna direction is obtained. The existence of Borel and Julia directions and the relation between them are found. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文 |
Aim To study a class of boundary value problem of hyperbolic partial functional differential equations with continuous deviating arguments. Methods An averaging technique was used. The multi-dimensional problem was reduced to a one-dimensional oscillation problem for ordinary differential equations or inequalities. Results and Conclusion The known results of oscillation of solutions for a class of boundary value problem of hyperbolic partial functional differential equations with discrete deviating arguments are generalized, and the oscillatory criteria of solutions for such equation with two kinds of boundary value conditions are obtained. | 目的研究一类具有连续偏差变元的双曲偏泛函微分方程边值问题解的振动性. 方法利用平均化方法,将多维边值问题解的振动性问题转化为常微分方程及其不等式的一维振动问题进行讨论. 结果与结论推广了已有的一类具有离散偏差变元的双曲方程边值问题解的振动性的结果,得到了一类具有连续偏差变元的双曲偏泛函微分方程在两类不同边界条件下解的振动准则. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文 |
目的研究一类具有连续偏差变元的双曲偏泛函微分方程边值问题解的振动性. 方法利用平均化方法,将多维边值问题解的振动性问题转化为常微分方程及其不等式的一维振动问题进行讨论. 结果与结论推广了已有的一类具有离散偏差变元的双曲方程边值问题解的振动性的结果,得到了一类具有连续偏差变元的双曲偏泛函微分方程在两类不同边界条件下解的振动准则. | Aim To study a class of boundary value problem of hyperbolic partial functional differential equations with continuous deviating arguments. Methods An averaging technique was used. The multi-dimensional problem was reduced to a one-dimensional oscillation problem for ordinary differential equations or inequalities. Results and Conclusion The known results of oscillation of solutions for a class of boundary value problem of hyperbolic partial functional differential equations with discrete deviating arguments are generalized, and the oscillatory criteria of solutions for such equation with two kinds of boundary value conditions are obtained. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文 |
Aim To obtain new criteria for asymptotic behavior and nonexistence of positive solutions of nonlinear neutral delay difference equations. Methods By means of Hlder inequality and a method of direct analysis, some interesting Lemmas were offered. Results and Conclusion New criteria for asymptotic behavior and nonexistence of positive solutions of nonlinear neutral delay difference equations are established, which extend and improve the results obtained in the literature. Some interesting examples illustrating the importance of our results are also included. | 目的讨论一类带可变系数二阶非线性中立型时滞差分方程正解所具有的性质. 方法通过运用差分不等式及几个常用不等式,建立了两个引理. 结果与结论获得了有关此类方程正解的渐近性质及不存在正解的新准则,推广并改善了最近文献的某些结果,同时还给出了具体的实例,以说明结果的实用、精确和重要. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文 |
目的讨论一类带可变系数二阶非线性中立型时滞差分方程正解所具有的性质. 方法通过运用差分不等式及几个常用不等式,建立了两个引理. 结果与结论获得了有关此类方程正解的渐近性质及不存在正解的新准则,推广并改善了最近文献的某些结果,同时还给出了具体的实例,以说明结果的实用、精确和重要. | Aim To obtain new criteria for asymptotic behavior and nonexistence of positive solutions of nonlinear neutral delay difference equations. Methods By means of Hlder inequality and a method of direct analysis, some interesting Lemmas were offered. Results and Conclusion New criteria for asymptotic behavior and nonexistence of positive solutions of nonlinear neutral delay difference equations are established, which extend and improve the results obtained in the literature. Some interesting examples illustrating the importance of our results are also included. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文 |
Aim To study the dynamic failure of the plastic spherical shell impacted by a missile. Methods The deformation mode of spherical shells was given by introducing isometric transformation. The governing equation of motion of the rigid-plastic spherical shell was given by energy balance. This equation was solved by using Runge-Kutta method. Results The relationships between the impact force, dimple radius, central point deflection and time were obtained. The response time-initial velocity, the maximal impact force-permanent initial velocity, the central point deflection-initial velocity and the dimple radius-initial velocity characteristics were respectively plotted. Conclusion A comparison made between the theoretical results and the experimental ones indicates that the two groups of results are in conformity with each other. | 目的研究球形塑性壳在撞击载荷作用下的动态破坏行为. 方法通过引入等度量变换,给出了球壳的变形模态;利用能量平衡给出了壳体在撞击载荷作用下大变形动态破坏的运动控制方程;采用Runge-Kutta方法求解了该运动控制方程. 结果给出了冲击力,窝陷半径和中心点位移随时间的变化关系以及最大窝陷半径、最大中心点位移和最大冲击力随弹体速度的变化关系. 结论本文结果与实验结果有比较好的一致性. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文 |
目的研究球形塑性壳在撞击载荷作用下的动态破坏行为. 方法通过引入等度量变换,给出了球壳的变形模态;利用能量平衡给出了壳体在撞击载荷作用下大变形动态破坏的运动控制方程;采用Runge-Kutta方法求解了该运动控制方程. 结果给出了冲击力,窝陷半径和中心点位移随时间的变化关系以及最大窝陷半径、最大中心点位移和最大冲击力随弹体速度的变化关系. 结论本文结果与实验结果有比较好的一致性. | Aim To study the dynamic failure of the plastic spherical shell impacted by a missile. Methods The deformation mode of spherical shells was given by introducing isometric transformation. The governing equation of motion of the rigid-plastic spherical shell was given by energy balance. This equation was solved by using Runge-Kutta method. Results The relationships between the impact force, dimple radius, central point deflection and time were obtained. The response time-initial velocity, the maximal impact force-permanent initial velocity, the central point deflection-initial velocity and the dimple radius-initial velocity characteristics were respectively plotted. Conclusion A comparison made between the theoretical results and the experimental ones indicates that the two groups of results are in conformity with each other. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文 |
Aim To develop a hydrodynamic model on the void fraction in liquid slugs for gas-liquid slug flow in vertical tubes. Methods Developing the model by considering the gas exchange between the Taylor bubble and the following liquid slug. Results Some experimental data are obtained to check the model. In comparison with previous published results, the predictions from this model are better and in good agreement with the experimental data. The error is within ±20%. Conclusion The proposed model can correctly predict the void fraction in liquid slugs for gas-liquid two-phase slug flow in vertical tubes. | 目的建立垂直上升气液两相弹状流液弹空隙度模型. 方法通过考虑Taylor气泡与尾随液弹之间的气体交换建立垂直上升气液两相弹状流液弹空隙度模型;用实验来验证和评价模型的正确性. 结果模型计算结果与本文实验数据及其它相关数据进行了比较,两者符合较好,模型计算值与实验数据的误差在±20%以内. 结论推荐的模型可以准确地预测垂直上升气液两相弹状流液弹空隙度. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文 |
目的建立垂直上升气液两相弹状流液弹空隙度模型. 方法通过考虑Taylor气泡与尾随液弹之间的气体交换建立垂直上升气液两相弹状流液弹空隙度模型;用实验来验证和评价模型的正确性. 结果模型计算结果与本文实验数据及其它相关数据进行了比较,两者符合较好,模型计算值与实验数据的误差在±20%以内. 结论推荐的模型可以准确地预测垂直上升气液两相弹状流液弹空隙度. | Aim To develop a hydrodynamic model on the void fraction in liquid slugs for gas-liquid slug flow in vertical tubes. Methods Developing the model by considering the gas exchange between the Taylor bubble and the following liquid slug. Results Some experimental data are obtained to check the model. In comparison with previous published results, the predictions from this model are better and in good agreement with the experimental data. The error is within ±20%. Conclusion The proposed model can correctly predict the void fraction in liquid slugs for gas-liquid two-phase slug flow in vertical tubes. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文 |
Aim To prepare PbS nanoparticles modified by manoxol OT (AOT) and determine its transient nonlinear optical properties. Methods The PbS nanoparticles were prepared by using microemulsion method and the transient nonlinear optical properties were investigated with standard time resolved pump-probe techniques. Results A very rapid induced absorption was investigated. The decay time of the PbS nanoparticles modified is about 100 fs. Conclusion The transient induced absorption in PbS nanoparticles modified by AOT arises from the biexciton effect and the trapped carrier induced Stark effect. The surface chemical modification environment has significant effects on the transient nonlinear optical properties. | 目的制备表面经AOT修饰的PbS纳米微粒,测定其超快非线性光学特性. 方法利用微乳液法制备表面经AOT修饰的PbS纳米微粒并利用飞秒激光技术研究其超快光学性质. 结果观察到超快反饱和吸收过程,弛豫时间约为100fs. 结论超快反饱和吸收来源于双激子效应和捕获载流子诱导的斯塔克效应,样品表面的化学修饰环境对超快非线性光学性质有很大的影响. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文 |
目的制备表面经AOT修饰的PbS纳米微粒,测定其超快非线性光学特性. 方法利用微乳液法制备表面经AOT修饰的PbS纳米微粒并利用飞秒激光技术研究其超快光学性质. 结果观察到超快反饱和吸收过程,弛豫时间约为100fs. 结论超快反饱和吸收来源于双激子效应和捕获载流子诱导的斯塔克效应,样品表面的化学修饰环境对超快非线性光学性质有很大的影响. | Aim To prepare PbS nanoparticles modified by manoxol OT (AOT) and determine its transient nonlinear optical properties. Methods The PbS nanoparticles were prepared by using microemulsion method and the transient nonlinear optical properties were investigated with standard time resolved pump-probe techniques. Results A very rapid induced absorption was investigated. The decay time of the PbS nanoparticles modified is about 100 fs. Conclusion The transient induced absorption in PbS nanoparticles modified by AOT arises from the biexciton effect and the trapped carrier induced Stark effect. The surface chemical modification environment has significant effects on the transient nonlinear optical properties. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文 |
Aim To investigate the melting behavior of polyamide-6 in polyamide-6/polyethy- lene blends crystallized from amorphous state. Methods DSC was used to test effects of annealing temperature, annealing time, DSC scan rate, and the step-wise annealing on the melting peaks of the ice-water quenched specimens. Results and Conclusion Varied melting peaks of PA6 component were obtained. The degree of perfection and the crystallization degree of PA6 crystals decreased in the blends, and the crystallization degree of PA6 increased with the increasing of the annealing time. The height of the upper melting peak of reference PA6 is higher than that in blends. | 目的研究尼龙6及其与线性低密度聚乙烯共混物的非晶样品的熔融行为. 方法采用DSC技术探讨了退火温度、退火时间、DSC扫描速率、以及连续多步退火等因素与冰水淬火样品中的尼龙6组分的熔融峰间的相互关系. 结果与结论上述因素对尼龙6组分的熔融行为有较大的影响,共混使尼龙6的结晶度和结晶完善度降低,随退火时间的延长结晶度提高. 与纯尼龙6相比,共混物中高温熔融峰的峰高明显降低. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文 |
目的研究尼龙6及其与线性低密度聚乙烯共混物的非晶样品的熔融行为. 方法采用DSC技术探讨了退火温度、退火时间、DSC扫描速率、以及连续多步退火等因素与冰水淬火样品中的尼龙6组分的熔融峰间的相互关系. 结果与结论上述因素对尼龙6组分的熔融行为有较大的影响,共混使尼龙6的结晶度和结晶完善度降低,随退火时间的延长结晶度提高. 与纯尼龙6相比,共混物中高温熔融峰的峰高明显降低. | Aim To investigate the melting behavior of polyamide-6 in polyamide-6/polyethy- lene blends crystallized from amorphous state. Methods DSC was used to test effects of annealing temperature, annealing time, DSC scan rate, and the step-wise annealing on the melting peaks of the ice-water quenched specimens. Results and Conclusion Varied melting peaks of PA6 component were obtained. The degree of perfection and the crystallization degree of PA6 crystals decreased in the blends, and the crystallization degree of PA6 increased with the increasing of the annealing time. The height of the upper melting peak of reference PA6 is higher than that in blends. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文 |
t1 noise, stemming from the instabilities of pulse phases in 2D spectroscopy, has been investigated theoretically as well as experimentally. Based on the angular momentum operator Ix,Iy,Iz formalism, our deductions show that the different precessing directions of the magnetization between P-type and N-type gradient-enhanced DQF-COSY experiments result in that P-type gradient-enhanced DQF-COSY experiments refocus the phase errors of pulses, while N-type gradient-enhanced DQF-COSY experiments strengthen the effect of the phase errors of pulses. Therefore, t1 noise in P-type gradient-enhanced DQF-COSY experiments is lower than that in N-type. In addition, the theoretical ratio of P-type to N-type is , which is supported by our experimental results. | 脉冲相位的不稳定性是导致二维谱中的t1噪声的原因之一.本文从理论上和实验上对脉冲相位不稳定性所引起的t1噪声进行了研究.从角动量算符Ix,Iy和Iz推导中发现,由于磁化矢量在P型和N型DQF-COSY实验的脉冲梯度场中进动方向的内在差异,一部分脉冲相位误差在P型DQF-COSY实验会被重聚掉,在N型DQF-COSY实验中却会被加重.因此P型DQF-COSY实验的t1噪声比N型小.理论推导还得到t1噪声在P型和N型中的理论比值为. 以上理论结果得到我们实验结果的支持. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文 |
脉冲相位的不稳定性是导致二维谱中的t1噪声的原因之一.本文从理论上和实验上对脉冲相位不稳定性所引起的t1噪声进行了研究.从角动量算符Ix,Iy和Iz推导中发现,由于磁化矢量在P型和N型DQF-COSY实验的脉冲梯度场中进动方向的内在差异,一部分脉冲相位误差在P型DQF-COSY实验会被重聚掉,在N型DQF-COSY实验中却会被加重.因此P型DQF-COSY实验的t1噪声比N型小.理论推导还得到t1噪声在P型和N型中的理论比值为. 以上理论结果得到我们实验结果的支持. | t1 noise, stemming from the instabilities of pulse phases in 2D spectroscopy, has been investigated theoretically as well as experimentally. Based on the angular momentum operator Ix,Iy,Iz formalism, our deductions show that the different precessing directions of the magnetization between P-type and N-type gradient-enhanced DQF-COSY experiments result in that P-type gradient-enhanced DQF-COSY experiments refocus the phase errors of pulses, while N-type gradient-enhanced DQF-COSY experiments strengthen the effect of the phase errors of pulses. Therefore, t1 noise in P-type gradient-enhanced DQF-COSY experiments is lower than that in N-type. In addition, the theoretical ratio of P-type to N-type is , which is supported by our experimental results. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文 |
NMR two dimensional (2D) exchange spectroscopy (EXSY) is used to study the exchange dynamics of mobile protons in a small pseudopeptide Cbz-Ser-Tyr-OC6H13. It is shown by a quantitative study that the exchange rates for the four mobile protons in this molecule with water are in the order Ser-OH～Tyr-OH>Ser-NH>Tyr-NH, under the given experimental conditions with dimethylsulfoxide and chloroform as solvents. Local structures for the amino groups in different solutions are described. | 用核磁共振二维交换谱方法研究了类肽化合物Cbz-Ser-Tyr-OC0H13中活泼质子的交换动力学,结果表明,在DMSO-d6和CDCl3溶液中,四种活泼质子与溶剂中残留水的交换快慢顺序为:Ser-OH>Tyr-OH>Ser-NH>Tyr-NH.在此基础上,对氨基酸中氨基所处的局部环境进行了讨论. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文 |
用核磁共振二维交换谱方法研究了类肽化合物Cbz-Ser-Tyr-OC0H13中活泼质子的交换动力学,结果表明,在DMSO-d6和CDCl3溶液中,四种活泼质子与溶剂中残留水的交换快慢顺序为:Ser-OH>Tyr-OH>Ser-NH>Tyr-NH.在此基础上,对氨基酸中氨基所处的局部环境进行了讨论. | NMR two dimensional (2D) exchange spectroscopy (EXSY) is used to study the exchange dynamics of mobile protons in a small pseudopeptide Cbz-Ser-Tyr-OC6H13. It is shown by a quantitative study that the exchange rates for the four mobile protons in this molecule with water are in the order Ser-OH～Tyr-OH>Ser-NH>Tyr-NH, under the given experimental conditions with dimethylsulfoxide and chloroform as solvents. Local structures for the amino groups in different solutions are described. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文 |
This paper discusses the problem( )It is proved that there exist two constants μ**,μ* such that (*)μ possesses at least two solutions if μ∈(0,μ**) and no solutions if μ＞μ*. | 讨论了半线性椭圆方程-Δu+u＝up+μ[q(x)ur+f(x)].(*)μ证明了存在一个常数μ*＞0,使得当μ∈(0,μ*)时,(*)μ存在一个极小正解,并进一步证明了存在常数μ**＜μ,使得当μ∈(0,μ**)时,(*)μ至少有两个正解. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文 |
讨论了半线性椭圆方程-Δu+u＝up+μ[q(x)ur+f(x)].(*)μ证明了存在一个常数μ*＞0,使得当μ∈(0,μ*)时,(*)μ存在一个极小正解,并进一步证明了存在常数μ**＜μ,使得当μ∈(0,μ**)时,(*)μ至少有两个正解. | This paper discusses the problem( )It is proved that there exist two constants μ**,μ* such that (*)μ possesses at least two solutions if μ∈(0,μ**) and no solutions if μ＞μ*. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文 |
An optical scanning, fiber dual extrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometer (DEFPI) system for measuring small distance is presented. Taking the scanning wavelength as an "inter-converter"to compare the gap length of the sensing head with a reference length, we may obtain, in practice, a semi-absolute measurement of the sensing head length. The measurement is independent from the wavelength scanning accuracy and the reference cavity length can be self-calibrated simply by changing the sensing length with a known distance. | 介绍了用于测量小位移的波长扫描-光纤法布里-珀罗干涉仪系统.用扫描波长作为"中介",比较参考腔长和传感腔长,可以"准绝对"地测量传感腔的长度.这个测量与波长扫描的准确度无关,仅依赖于参考腔的长度.而通过将传感腔改变一个已知距离,就可以简单地"自标定"参考腔的长度. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文 |
介绍了用于测量小位移的波长扫描-光纤法布里-珀罗干涉仪系统.用扫描波长作为"中介",比较参考腔长和传感腔长,可以"准绝对"地测量传感腔的长度.这个测量与波长扫描的准确度无关,仅依赖于参考腔的长度.而通过将传感腔改变一个已知距离,就可以简单地"自标定"参考腔的长度. | An optical scanning, fiber dual extrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometer (DEFPI) system for measuring small distance is presented. Taking the scanning wavelength as an "inter-converter"to compare the gap length of the sensing head with a reference length, we may obtain, in practice, a semi-absolute measurement of the sensing head length. The measurement is independent from the wavelength scanning accuracy and the reference cavity length can be self-calibrated simply by changing the sensing length with a known distance. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文 |
The study and the development of a new dual-axis, high accuracy and low cost electronic level have been introduced. In this paper, the idea of the overall design is described, and the determination for the main mechanical and electronic parameters, including the overall testing, has been discussed in detail. Based upon the practical characteristic and the specifications of the instrument, it will be widely used in the field of machine tool, automobile, airplane and shipping manufactures. | 介绍一种新型的高精度、双坐标、低成本电子水平仪的研究与开发.论述了其总体设计思想,并对机械、电子等主要参数的确定方法及精度检定等进行了深入的讨论.通过对仪器的实用性和精度指标的分析,表明该仪器在机床、汽车、飞机和轮船等制造领域有着广泛的应用前景. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文 |
介绍一种新型的高精度、双坐标、低成本电子水平仪的研究与开发.论述了其总体设计思想,并对机械、电子等主要参数的确定方法及精度检定等进行了深入的讨论.通过对仪器的实用性和精度指标的分析,表明该仪器在机床、汽车、飞机和轮船等制造领域有着广泛的应用前景. | The study and the development of a new dual-axis, high accuracy and low cost electronic level have been introduced. In this paper, the idea of the overall design is described, and the determination for the main mechanical and electronic parameters, including the overall testing, has been discussed in detail. Based upon the practical characteristic and the specifications of the instrument, it will be widely used in the field of machine tool, automobile, airplane and shipping manufactures. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文 |
Using the method of a kind of "the tetrahedral program",this paper obtains some identities and congruence properties,generalizes the results of some papers,especially in [5]. | 利用一类求导互反关系的"正四面体程序"的方法,得到了二阶整数递归序列的若干恒等式和同余性质,推广了若干文献的结果,特别是文献[5]的结论. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文 |
利用一类求导互反关系的"正四面体程序"的方法,得到了二阶整数递归序列的若干恒等式和同余性质,推广了若干文献的结果,特别是文献[5]的结论. | Using the method of a kind of "the tetrahedral program",this paper obtains some identities and congruence properties,generalizes the results of some papers,especially in [5]. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文 |
The changes in levels of BMD, BGP, PTH, SCr, BUN, Ca2+, P3- were detected in 64 renal transplantation recipients to investigate their interactions and clinical implication.The results showed that serum SCr,BUN,PTH,BGP and P3- were in high level,and the levels of serum Ca2+ and BMD were obviously lower chan those of control group before renal transplantation.After renal trans.plantation,SCr,BUN,Ca,P,PTH and BGP returned to normal levels,and BMD to the level of control group 6 months postoperation.It was suggested that the patients with chronic renal failure within the period of hemodialysis existed obviously metabolic disorder of Ca 2+ and P3+,serious bony malnutrition.BMD might return to normal level after successful renal transplantation. | 测量了64例肾移植患者移植前后的骨矿含量及骨钙素(BGP)、甲状旁腺激素(PTH)、血液生化的变化,以探讨它们的相互关系及临床意义.结果术前血肌酐(SCr)、尿素氮(BUN)、磷(P)、PTH、BGP为高水平,血钙(Ca)低,骨矿含量(0.777±0.015g/cm2)明显低于对照组(0.811±0.035g/cm2).术后肾功能正常者,SCr、BUN、Ca、P及PTH、BGP均恢复正常,骨矿含量半年后恢复至对照组水平.提示慢性肾功能衰竭及血液透析期间存在明显钙磷代谢异常,严重骨营养不良;肾移植成功后骨矿含量恢复,纠正了肾性骨病;肾移植后骨矿含量低者,往往提示预后不良. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文 |
测量了64例肾移植患者移植前后的骨矿含量及骨钙素(BGP)、甲状旁腺激素(PTH)、血液生化的变化,以探讨它们的相互关系及临床意义.结果术前血肌酐(SCr)、尿素氮(BUN)、磷(P)、PTH、BGP为高水平,血钙(Ca)低,骨矿含量(0.777±0.015g/cm2)明显低于对照组(0.811±0.035g/cm2).术后肾功能正常者,SCr、BUN、Ca、P及PTH、BGP均恢复正常,骨矿含量半年后恢复至对照组水平.提示慢性肾功能衰竭及血液透析期间存在明显钙磷代谢异常,严重骨营养不良;肾移植成功后骨矿含量恢复,纠正了肾性骨病;肾移植后骨矿含量低者,往往提示预后不良. | The changes in levels of BMD, BGP, PTH, SCr, BUN, Ca2+, P3- were detected in 64 renal transplantation recipients to investigate their interactions and clinical implication.The results showed that serum SCr,BUN,PTH,BGP and P3- were in high level,and the levels of serum Ca2+ and BMD were obviously lower chan those of control group before renal transplantation.After renal trans.plantation,SCr,BUN,Ca,P,PTH and BGP returned to normal levels,and BMD to the level of control group 6 months postoperation.It was suggested that the patients with chronic renal failure within the period of hemodialysis existed obviously metabolic disorder of Ca 2+ and P3+,serious bony malnutrition.BMD might return to normal level after successful renal transplantation. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文 |
In order to study the role of epidermal growth factor(EGF)in the repair of injured renal tissue and the relationship between EGF and the renal function or renal tissue after ischemia damage,the serum EGF(sEGF)level and urinary EGF(uEGF)level in 138 patients with chronic reanl failure(uremia stage)were determined before and after kidney transplantation.The results showed that the sEGF level in the period of chronic renal failure(CRF)and renal tissue damage was extremely low.In the early state of renal function recovery after transplantation,the uEGF level was obviously increased.In the post stage the uEGF level was slightly decreased,but was higher than before transplantation.The uncontinuous increase of uEGF level was related tO occurrence of the acute rejection or acute renal tubular necrosis.It was suggested that EGF might play an important role in the repair of injured renal tissue.The sEGF can be served as an indicator for the evaluation of the repair of transplanted renal damage. | 为了探讨细胞生长调节因子之一的表皮生长因子(EGF)在肾脏损害修复中的作用及EGF与肾功能及缺血性肾损伤修复之间的关系,观察了138例慢性肾功能衰竭(尿毒症期)患者血EGF含量和肾移植术前后血和尿中EGF含量.结果显示,肾功能衰竭、肾脏损伤期血EGF水乎极低,移植后肾功能恢复早期,血EGF即明显回升.恢复后期,血EGF水平稍降,但仍比移植前增高.血EGF含量持续不升高者与急性排斥反应和急性肾小管坏死的发生有关.EGF的存在,在肾损伤修复时具有重要的作用.检测血清EGF含量可作为判断移植肾损伤修复状态的指标之一. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文 |
为了探讨细胞生长调节因子之一的表皮生长因子(EGF)在肾脏损害修复中的作用及EGF与肾功能及缺血性肾损伤修复之间的关系,观察了138例慢性肾功能衰竭(尿毒症期)患者血EGF含量和肾移植术前后血和尿中EGF含量.结果显示,肾功能衰竭、肾脏损伤期血EGF水乎极低,移植后肾功能恢复早期,血EGF即明显回升.恢复后期,血EGF水平稍降,但仍比移植前增高.血EGF含量持续不升高者与急性排斥反应和急性肾小管坏死的发生有关.EGF的存在,在肾损伤修复时具有重要的作用.检测血清EGF含量可作为判断移植肾损伤修复状态的指标之一. | In order to study the role of epidermal growth factor(EGF)in the repair of injured renal tissue and the relationship between EGF and the renal function or renal tissue after ischemia damage,the serum EGF(sEGF)level and urinary EGF(uEGF)level in 138 patients with chronic reanl failure(uremia stage)were determined before and after kidney transplantation.The results showed that the sEGF level in the period of chronic renal failure(CRF)and renal tissue damage was extremely low.In the early state of renal function recovery after transplantation,the uEGF level was obviously increased.In the post stage the uEGF level was slightly decreased,but was higher than before transplantation.The uncontinuous increase of uEGF level was related tO occurrence of the acute rejection or acute renal tubular necrosis.It was suggested that EGF might play an important role in the repair of injured renal tissue.The sEGF can be served as an indicator for the evaluation of the repair of transplanted renal damage. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文 |
Sequential monitoring of the levels of serum interleukin-2(IL-2),soluble interleukin-2 receptor(sIL-2R)and interleukin-6(IL-6)were conducted in 60 patients for 2 months after renal transplantation.The results showed that the levels of serum IL-2,sIL-2R and IL-6 were increased significantly several days prior to the clinical diagnosis in the patients with acute rejection,which were much higher than those in CsA-induced nephrotoxicity group.The levels of IL-2,slL-2R and IL-6 in the patients with rejection sensible to methylprednisolone came down to the pre-rejection levels several days after the treatment.It was concluded that sequential monitoring of serum IL-2,sIL-2R and IL-6 of renal allograft recipients are helpful for the early diagnosis and differential diagnosis of acute rejection as well as the evaluation of methylprednisolone in the treatment of antirejection. | 动态监测60例肾移植患者术后2个月内血清白细胞介素2(IL-2)、可溶性IL-2受体(sIL-2R)和白细胞介素6(IL-6)的变化.结果发现发生急性排斥反应时,上述细胞因子的升高较临床诊断提早数天,并且显著高于环孢素A肾中毒组;对甲泼尼龙敏感的排斥反应,抗排斥治疗数大后上述因予下降到排斥前水平.提示肾移植术后动态监测患者血清IL-2、sIL-2R和IL-6有助于急忡排斥反应的早期诊断、鉴别诊断、及时治疗和甲泼尼龙抗排斥的疗效评价. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文 |
动态监测60例肾移植患者术后2个月内血清白细胞介素2(IL-2)、可溶性IL-2受体(sIL-2R)和白细胞介素6(IL-6)的变化.结果发现发生急性排斥反应时,上述细胞因子的升高较临床诊断提早数天,并且显著高于环孢素A肾中毒组;对甲泼尼龙敏感的排斥反应,抗排斥治疗数大后上述因予下降到排斥前水平.提示肾移植术后动态监测患者血清IL-2、sIL-2R和IL-6有助于急忡排斥反应的早期诊断、鉴别诊断、及时治疗和甲泼尼龙抗排斥的疗效评价. | Sequential monitoring of the levels of serum interleukin-2(IL-2),soluble interleukin-2 receptor(sIL-2R)and interleukin-6(IL-6)were conducted in 60 patients for 2 months after renal transplantation.The results showed that the levels of serum IL-2,sIL-2R and IL-6 were increased significantly several days prior to the clinical diagnosis in the patients with acute rejection,which were much higher than those in CsA-induced nephrotoxicity group.The levels of IL-2,slL-2R and IL-6 in the patients with rejection sensible to methylprednisolone came down to the pre-rejection levels several days after the treatment.It was concluded that sequential monitoring of serum IL-2,sIL-2R and IL-6 of renal allograft recipients are helpful for the early diagnosis and differential diagnosis of acute rejection as well as the evaluation of methylprednisolone in the treatment of antirejection. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文 |
To investigate the role of rective oxygen species(ROS)and its scanvenging system on renal reperfusion injury in human beings,the activities of antioxidant enzymes(AOEs)including superoxide dismutase(SOD)and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-PX),and the content of lipioxidatation-malondiadehyde (MDA)were determined in 14 patients before and after renal transplantation.It was found that there were lower activities of serum SOD(P<0.01)and GSH-PX (P<0.01)and an obvious increase of serum MDA content in the patients 1 h before and after renal reperfusion.However,those abnormalities were ameliorated gradually at 4 h,24 h and one week after renal transplantation,associated with the improvement of renal functions.These resuIts indicate that ROS may also contribute to the injury of human renal reperfusion,in which AOEs,one of ROS scanvenging system,play an important protective role in the patients with kidney transplantation. | 检测同种异体肾移植患者的血清抗氧化酶,包括超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)及脂质过氧化物的降解产物丙二醛(MDA)的动态变化,以了解其存肾缺血-再灌注损伤中的作用.发现肾移植前及术后再灌注1小时外周血SOD及GSH-PX水平明显低下(JP<0.01),而MDA含量明显升高(P<0.05);肾移植1周后随着肾功能恢复及肾小管的修复,抗氧化酶活忡及MDA含量逐渐接近正常水平.提示氧自由基同同在人类组织器官缺血-再灌注后的病理生理中起重要作用. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文 |
检测同种异体肾移植患者的血清抗氧化酶,包括超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)及脂质过氧化物的降解产物丙二醛(MDA)的动态变化,以了解其存肾缺血-再灌注损伤中的作用.发现肾移植前及术后再灌注1小时外周血SOD及GSH-PX水平明显低下(JP<0.01),而MDA含量明显升高(P<0.05);肾移植1周后随着肾功能恢复及肾小管的修复,抗氧化酶活忡及MDA含量逐渐接近正常水平.提示氧自由基同同在人类组织器官缺血-再灌注后的病理生理中起重要作用. | To investigate the role of rective oxygen species(ROS)and its scanvenging system on renal reperfusion injury in human beings,the activities of antioxidant enzymes(AOEs)including superoxide dismutase(SOD)and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-PX),and the content of lipioxidatation-malondiadehyde (MDA)were determined in 14 patients before and after renal transplantation.It was found that there were lower activities of serum SOD(P<0.01)and GSH-PX (P<0.01)and an obvious increase of serum MDA content in the patients 1 h before and after renal reperfusion.However,those abnormalities were ameliorated gradually at 4 h,24 h and one week after renal transplantation,associated with the improvement of renal functions.These resuIts indicate that ROS may also contribute to the injury of human renal reperfusion,in which AOEs,one of ROS scanvenging system,play an important protective role in the patients with kidney transplantation. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文 |
In order to explore the relationship between the relative size of transplanted kidney and the days for serum creatine level decreasing to normal(D1),the data of 106 cases of renal transplantation were rerrospectively analyzed.The study on the relationship between the calculated relative volume index(R)and D1 was performed.The results showed that,for 3＜R≤9,R was significantly negatively related to D1,with the coefficient of correlation being-0.99 (P＜0.001).It indicated that,to a certain extent,the larger the relative size of transplanted kidney,the faster the kidney function recovery.It was believed that R value might be served as a reference for the selection of donor and recipient.What is more,R value would be useful in the differentail diagnosis and prognosis evaluation. | 为研究移植肾相对大小与肾功能恢复快慢之间的关系,对106例肾移植资料进行回顾分析.计算移植肾相对体积指数(R),将R值和肾功能恢复至正常所需时间(D1)作相关性研究.结果表明,当3＜R≤9时,R和D1呈显著的负相关,相关系数为-0.99(P＜0.001).上述结果说明,存一定范围内,移植肾相对体积越大,则术后肾功能恢复正常越快,反之,则越慢.认为R值可供选取供、受者时参考,并且对鉴别诊断和预后判断有一定的参考价值. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文 |
为研究移植肾相对大小与肾功能恢复快慢之间的关系,对106例肾移植资料进行回顾分析.计算移植肾相对体积指数(R),将R值和肾功能恢复至正常所需时间(D1)作相关性研究.结果表明,当3＜R≤9时,R和D1呈显著的负相关,相关系数为-0.99(P＜0.001).上述结果说明,存一定范围内,移植肾相对体积越大,则术后肾功能恢复正常越快,反之,则越慢.认为R值可供选取供、受者时参考,并且对鉴别诊断和预后判断有一定的参考价值. | In order to explore the relationship between the relative size of transplanted kidney and the days for serum creatine level decreasing to normal(D1),the data of 106 cases of renal transplantation were rerrospectively analyzed.The study on the relationship between the calculated relative volume index(R)and D1 was performed.The results showed that,for 3＜R≤9,R was significantly negatively related to D1,with the coefficient of correlation being-0.99 (P＜0.001).It indicated that,to a certain extent,the larger the relative size of transplanted kidney,the faster the kidney function recovery.It was believed that R value might be served as a reference for the selection of donor and recipient.What is more,R value would be useful in the differentail diagnosis and prognosis evaluation. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文 |
The analysis of the results of the renal replacement therapies,renal transplantation for 23 cases,hemodialysis for 33 cases,in 56 elderly patients with chronic renal function failure was performed.The total mortality in transplanted group with a higher early mortality is lower than that in hemodialysis group.The living quality of transplanted group was better than of the hemodialysis group.The associated diseases prior to the replacement therapies were the contributions to the death.It was believed that the age has not been served as a limitation for elderly patients receiving renal transplantation. As a replacement therapies the operation should be choosed first by elderly patients.A strictly preoperative physical examination should be done and a postoperatively special cure plan that is suited to the elderly drawn up. | 对56例高龄尿毒症患者采用不同肾脏替代疗法的结果进行分析.23例采取肾移植,33例为血液透析.结果移植组死亡率低于透析组,但近期死亡率较高,生活质量移植组明显优于透析组,死亡原因与接受替代疗法前的伴随疾病有关.认为年龄已经不再是高龄患者选择手术的标准,手术应是高龄患者首选的替代疗法,但应进行严格的术前检查,术后还应有适合这一年龄组的特殊治疗方案. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文 |
对56例高龄尿毒症患者采用不同肾脏替代疗法的结果进行分析.23例采取肾移植,33例为血液透析.结果移植组死亡率低于透析组,但近期死亡率较高,生活质量移植组明显优于透析组,死亡原因与接受替代疗法前的伴随疾病有关.认为年龄已经不再是高龄患者选择手术的标准,手术应是高龄患者首选的替代疗法,但应进行严格的术前检查,术后还应有适合这一年龄组的特殊治疗方案. | The analysis of the results of the renal replacement therapies,renal transplantation for 23 cases,hemodialysis for 33 cases,in 56 elderly patients with chronic renal function failure was performed.The total mortality in transplanted group with a higher early mortality is lower than that in hemodialysis group.The living quality of transplanted group was better than of the hemodialysis group.The associated diseases prior to the replacement therapies were the contributions to the death.It was believed that the age has not been served as a limitation for elderly patients receiving renal transplantation. As a replacement therapies the operation should be choosed first by elderly patients.A strictly preoperative physical examination should be done and a postoperatively special cure plan that is suited to the elderly drawn up. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文 |
Doppler Tissue Imaging(DTI)is a new technique of Doppler ultrasound and can be used to quantify the velocity of the myocardial movement.The acceleration mode of the DTI is a sensitive method to evaluate the time Sequence of myocardial excitation.In 21 patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome(WPW),the position of myocardial pre-excitation was identified by using the acceleration mode of DTI,and compared with the intraeardiac electrophysiological location of the bypass tract during the rediofrequency ablation.The results demonstracted that the DTI could accurately indieate the location of the bypass tract of the WPW in 81% of all patients.This preliminary study shows that DTI is a very promising new method for the noninvasive investigation of abnormal myocardial depolarisation,including the location of the bypass tract in WPW,and the real-time monitoring of radiofrequency ablation. | 彩色多普勒组织成像(DTI)是多普勒超声中的一项新技术,可用于研究心肌运动速度和时序.本文应用DTI的加速度模式,对21例显性预激症侯群(WPW)患者,在射频消融治疗前后进行预激旁路定位研究,与消融时心内电生理定位比较.结果显示,DTI对预激部位定位正确率为81%.本研究表明DTI开创了WPW预激旁路无创性定位研究的新领域. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文 |
彩色多普勒组织成像(DTI)是多普勒超声中的一项新技术,可用于研究心肌运动速度和时序.本文应用DTI的加速度模式,对21例显性预激症侯群(WPW)患者,在射频消融治疗前后进行预激旁路定位研究,与消融时心内电生理定位比较.结果显示,DTI对预激部位定位正确率为81%.本研究表明DTI开创了WPW预激旁路无创性定位研究的新领域. | Doppler Tissue Imaging(DTI)is a new technique of Doppler ultrasound and can be used to quantify the velocity of the myocardial movement.The acceleration mode of the DTI is a sensitive method to evaluate the time Sequence of myocardial excitation.In 21 patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome(WPW),the position of myocardial pre-excitation was identified by using the acceleration mode of DTI,and compared with the intraeardiac electrophysiological location of the bypass tract during the rediofrequency ablation.The results demonstracted that the DTI could accurately indieate the location of the bypass tract of the WPW in 81% of all patients.This preliminary study shows that DTI is a very promising new method for the noninvasive investigation of abnormal myocardial depolarisation,including the location of the bypass tract in WPW,and the real-time monitoring of radiofrequency ablation. | 你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文 |