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The left to right shunt rate(F)and the transverse seetional area of ductus arteriosus(A)were calculated by color Doppler flow convergence method in 20 patients with patent ductus arteriosus.The results indicated that the shunt rate(F)was correlated fairly with Qp-Qs,Qp/Qs(measured by pulsed wave Doppler),the pressure gradient(△P)and the diameter of left ventricle(DLV)(r=0.81,0.62,0.69 and 0.53;P＜0.001,0.005,0.001 and 0.01,respectively).The transverse sectional area of ductus arteriosus(A)was also correlated closely with the diameter of ductus arteriosus(Dd)measured directly in two-dimensional view(r=0.81,P＜0.001).The F value of group Qp/Qs≥2:1 was apparently higher than that of group Qp/Qs＜2:1(P＜0.005).The color Doppler flow convergence method can rapidly and exactly evaluate the left to right shunt severity of patent ductus arteriosus.

用彩色多普勒血流会聚法对20例动脉导管未闭患者的左向右分流率F进行测定,并根据F值计算出动脉导管的横截面积A.结果表明,血流会聚法所测分流率F与频谱Doppler法所测的分流量QP-Qs、Qp/Qs以及导管两端的压差△P和左室内径DLV之间均具有很好的相关性(r分别为0.81,0.62,0.69和0.53,P值分别小于0.001,0.005,0.001和0.01).根据F值计算出的导管横截面积A与两组切面上直接测得的导管内径Dd也具有极好的相关关系(r=0.81,P值＜0.001).Qp/Qs≥2:1所对应的F值明显高于Qp/Qs＜2:1所对应的F值(P值＜0.005).彩色多普勒血流会聚法能够较为快速、准确地评估动脉导管未闭的左向右分流程度.

你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文

用彩色多普勒血流会聚法对20例动脉导管未闭患者的左向右分流率F进行测定,并根据F值计算出动脉导管的横截面积A.结果表明,血流会聚法所测分流率F与频谱Doppler法所测的分流量QP-Qs、Qp/Qs以及导管两端的压差△P和左室内径DLV之间均具有很好的相关性(r分别为0.81,0.62,0.69和0.53,P值分别小于0.001,0.005,0.001和0.01).根据F值计算出的导管横截面积A与两组切面上直接测得的导管内径Dd也具有极好的相关关系(r=0.81,P值＜0.001).Qp/Qs≥2:1所对应的F值明显高于Qp/Qs＜2:1所对应的F值(P值＜0.005).彩色多普勒血流会聚法能够较为快速、准确地评估动脉导管未闭的左向右分流程度.

The left to right shunt rate(F)and the transverse seetional area of ductus arteriosus(A)were calculated by color Doppler flow convergence method in 20 patients with patent ductus arteriosus.The results indicated that the shunt rate(F)was correlated fairly with Qp-Qs,Qp/Qs(measured by pulsed wave Doppler),the pressure gradient(△P)and the diameter of left ventricle(DLV)(r=0.81,0.62,0.69 and 0.53;P＜0.001,0.005,0.001 and 0.01,respectively).The transverse sectional area of ductus arteriosus(A)was also correlated closely with the diameter of ductus arteriosus(Dd)measured directly in two-dimensional view(r=0.81,P＜0.001).The F value of group Qp/Qs≥2:1 was apparently higher than that of group Qp/Qs＜2:1(P＜0.005).The color Doppler flow convergence method can rapidly and exactly evaluate the left to right shunt severity of patent ductus arteriosus.

你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文

Thoracic aorta was performed in 11 normal subjects and 32 patients with coronary artery disease by transesophageal echoeardiography(TEE).All subjects had undergone diagnostic cardiac catheterization including coronary angiography 32 patients were with obstructive coronary artery stenosis which was defined as either＞75% narrowing of the luminal diameter in at least one of the left anterior descending,lef,circumflex or right coronaries or＞50% stenosis of the left main coronary,including 12 single-vessel disease(SVD),12 double-vessel disease(DVD)and 8 triple-vessel disease(TVD).The total ahterosclerosis score(TAS)and the stiffness index(β)of the descending thoracic aorta were calculated from TEE for evalualing the atherosclerosis of the thoracic aorta.The result showed that TAS and β were significantly higher in patientS with coronary artery disease than those in normal control subjects(P＜0.05).There were close relation between the TAS or β and the extent of coronary artery disease(r=0.71,r=0.57,respectively),This study indicates that detection of atherosclerotic plague in the thoracic aorta by TEE is useful in the noninvasive prediction of the presence and severity of coronary artery disease.

采用经食管超声心动图技术在冠状动脉造影检查证实为冠状动脉正常者11例和32例冠心病患者中,探测了胸主动脉粥样硬化性病变并计算了动脉粥样硬化总积分(TAS)和硬化指数(β).结果:TAS或β值与冠状动脉粥样硬化之间有密切关系,随冠脉病变支数的增加,TAS和β值也明显增高,这为无刨性估测冠状动脉粥样硬化开辟了新的途径.

你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文

采用经食管超声心动图技术在冠状动脉造影检查证实为冠状动脉正常者11例和32例冠心病患者中,探测了胸主动脉粥样硬化性病变并计算了动脉粥样硬化总积分(TAS)和硬化指数(β).结果:TAS或β值与冠状动脉粥样硬化之间有密切关系,随冠脉病变支数的增加,TAS和β值也明显增高,这为无刨性估测冠状动脉粥样硬化开辟了新的途径.

Thoracic aorta was performed in 11 normal subjects and 32 patients with coronary artery disease by transesophageal echoeardiography(TEE).All subjects had undergone diagnostic cardiac catheterization including coronary angiography 32 patients were with obstructive coronary artery stenosis which was defined as either＞75% narrowing of the luminal diameter in at least one of the left anterior descending,lef,circumflex or right coronaries or＞50% stenosis of the left main coronary,including 12 single-vessel disease(SVD),12 double-vessel disease(DVD)and 8 triple-vessel disease(TVD).The total ahterosclerosis score(TAS)and the stiffness index(β)of the descending thoracic aorta were calculated from TEE for evalualing the atherosclerosis of the thoracic aorta.The result showed that TAS and β were significantly higher in patientS with coronary artery disease than those in normal control subjects(P＜0.05).There were close relation between the TAS or β and the extent of coronary artery disease(r=0.71,r=0.57,respectively),This study indicates that detection of atherosclerotic plague in the thoracic aorta by TEE is useful in the noninvasive prediction of the presence and severity of coronary artery disease.

你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文

The present paper reports five species of Hymenosomatidae in the collections of the Beijing Natural History Museum. Among them Halicarcinus messor (Stimpson) and Elamenopsis sinensis (Shen) have been previously reported from the Chinese waters. The other three, Elamena longidactylis, Halicarcinus longipes and H. unidentatus are described as new species in this paper.

本文报道北京自然博物馆馆藏膜壳蟹Hymenosomatidae共5种.其中篦额滨蟹Halicarcinus messor Stimpson与中华拟薄板蟹Elamenopsis sinensis (Shen) 曾发现于中国东海,这次标本检查中发现中华拟薄板蟹在广东沿海也有分布.其它三种均为新种,分别定名为长指薄板蟹Elamena longidactylis sp. nov.,长足滨蟹Halicarcinus longipes sp. nov. 与单齿滨蟹H.unidentatus sp. nov., 对每一新种给予详细记述,并附有形态特征插图.

你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文

本文报道北京自然博物馆馆藏膜壳蟹Hymenosomatidae共5种.其中篦额滨蟹Halicarcinus messor Stimpson与中华拟薄板蟹Elamenopsis sinensis (Shen) 曾发现于中国东海,这次标本检查中发现中华拟薄板蟹在广东沿海也有分布.其它三种均为新种,分别定名为长指薄板蟹Elamena longidactylis sp. nov.,长足滨蟹Halicarcinus longipes sp. nov. 与单齿滨蟹H.unidentatus sp. nov., 对每一新种给予详细记述,并附有形态特征插图.

The present paper reports five species of Hymenosomatidae in the collections of the Beijing Natural History Museum. Among them Halicarcinus messor (Stimpson) and Elamenopsis sinensis (Shen) have been previously reported from the Chinese waters. The other three, Elamena longidactylis, Halicarcinus longipes and H. unidentatus are described as new species in this paper.

你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文

Two new species of genus Deraeocoris Kirschbaum from China are described in this paper: D. fujianensis sp. nov. and D. pseudokerzhneri sp. nov. The male genitalia are illustrated. The type specimens are deposited in the Department of Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.

本文记述齿爪盲蝽属 Deraeocoris Kirschbaum 二新种,即福建齿爪盲蝽Deraeocoris fujianensis sp. nov.正模♂,福建武夷, 1982-08-05, 邹环光采; 副模 1♂, 3♀♀,采自福建武夷和拟克氏齿.爪盲蝽D. pseudokerzhneri sp. nov., 正模♂,四川峨嵋山报国寺,1957-05-30, 郑乐怡、程汉华采;副模6♂♂, 12♀♀, 均采自四川峨嵋山.描绘了雄性外生殖器解剖图.模式标本存放在南开大学生物系.

你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文

本文记述齿爪盲蝽属 Deraeocoris Kirschbaum 二新种,即福建齿爪盲蝽Deraeocoris fujianensis sp. nov.正模♂,福建武夷, 1982-08-05, 邹环光采; 副模 1♂, 3♀♀,采自福建武夷和拟克氏齿.爪盲蝽D. pseudokerzhneri sp. nov., 正模♂,四川峨嵋山报国寺,1957-05-30, 郑乐怡、程汉华采;副模6♂♂, 12♀♀, 均采自四川峨嵋山.描绘了雄性外生殖器解剖图.模式标本存放在南开大学生物系.

Two new species of genus Deraeocoris Kirschbaum from China are described in this paper: D. fujianensis sp. nov. and D. pseudokerzhneri sp. nov. The male genitalia are illustrated. The type specimens are deposited in the Department of Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.

你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文

The nomenclatorial problem of the Oriental lantern fly genus Pyrops Spinola, 1839, is briefly reviewed. A synonymic list of species of Pyrops with 62 new or reinstated combinations is presented to improve nomenclatorial and taxonomic stability. Pyrops rhli Schmidt is emended as P. ruehli.

Linnaeus (1758, 1764,1767) 将产于南美的蜡蝉laternaria和产于中国的蜡蝉candelaria 分别描记于 Cicada、Laternaria 和 Fulgora 三个不同的属下,由此产生了命名学上的一个问题.一些学者将 candelaria 及东洋区的相关种类归为 Fulgora 下(如 Distant, 1906, 1916; Baker, 1925);而另一些学者则将laternaria 及新热带区的相关种类归于 Fulgora 下(如 Metcalf, 1947).这一问题直到1954年经国际动物学命名委员会(ICZN,1954)裁决才得以解决.ICZN (1954)的决议包括:将 laternaria 作为Fulgora 的模式种及将新热带区的相关种类归于 Fulgora;Fulgora 为蜡蝉科的模式属;将 Laternaria 作为无效名,并以 Pyrops 取代,其模式种为 candelaria.然而,国际动物学命名委员会的这一决议并未得到一些学者的注意.例如,Lallemand (1963)在其"亚洲及澳大利亚的蜡蝉科的订正研究"中仍将东洋区种类归于蜡蝉属 Fulgora.在我国,Fulgora 则一直被广泛使用出现在研究论文(如周尧及王思政(见周尧、王思政及黄桔,1985))、教科书(如周尧,1980;古德祥及陈振跃,1980;袁锋及张雅林,1996)及一些区系专著中 (如周尧等,1985;周尧等,1987;李子忠,1987;彭建文及周石涓,1992).最近,日本学者 Sato & Nagai (1994)又描记了东南亚蜡蝉属 Fulgora 的四个新种和新亚种,并将锥头蜡蝉 Saiva cultellata (Walker)移入蜡蝉属 Fulgora.为了澄清命名学上的这一混淆,以保持名称的稳定性,本文给出了东方蜡蝉属 Pyrops 的全部种类名录,同时建立新组合50个,恢复原有组合12个,并将 Pyrops rhli Schmidt 修订为 Pyrops ruehli Schmidt.

你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文

Linnaeus (1758, 1764,1767) 将产于南美的蜡蝉laternaria和产于中国的蜡蝉candelaria 分别描记于 Cicada、Laternaria 和 Fulgora 三个不同的属下,由此产生了命名学上的一个问题.一些学者将 candelaria 及东洋区的相关种类归为 Fulgora 下(如 Distant, 1906, 1916; Baker, 1925);而另一些学者则将laternaria 及新热带区的相关种类归于 Fulgora 下(如 Metcalf, 1947).这一问题直到1954年经国际动物学命名委员会(ICZN,1954)裁决才得以解决.ICZN (1954)的决议包括:将 laternaria 作为Fulgora 的模式种及将新热带区的相关种类归于 Fulgora;Fulgora 为蜡蝉科的模式属;将 Laternaria 作为无效名,并以 Pyrops 取代,其模式种为 candelaria.然而,国际动物学命名委员会的这一决议并未得到一些学者的注意.例如,Lallemand (1963)在其"亚洲及澳大利亚的蜡蝉科的订正研究"中仍将东洋区种类归于蜡蝉属 Fulgora.在我国,Fulgora 则一直被广泛使用出现在研究论文(如周尧及王思政(见周尧、王思政及黄桔,1985))、教科书(如周尧,1980;古德祥及陈振跃,1980;袁锋及张雅林,1996)及一些区系专著中 (如周尧等,1985;周尧等,1987;李子忠,1987;彭建文及周石涓,1992).最近,日本学者 Sato & Nagai (1994)又描记了东南亚蜡蝉属 Fulgora 的四个新种和新亚种,并将锥头蜡蝉 Saiva cultellata (Walker)移入蜡蝉属 Fulgora.为了澄清命名学上的这一混淆,以保持名称的稳定性,本文给出了东方蜡蝉属 Pyrops 的全部种类名录,同时建立新组合50个,恢复原有组合12个,并将 Pyrops rhli Schmidt 修订为 Pyrops ruehli Schmidt.

The nomenclatorial problem of the Oriental lantern fly genus Pyrops Spinola, 1839, is briefly reviewed. A synonymic list of species of Pyrops with 62 new or reinstated combinations is presented to improve nomenclatorial and taxonomic stability. Pyrops rhli Schmidt is emended as P. ruehli.

你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文

Objective:to assess the efffects of polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) metabolism on cardiac arrhy thmia in patients with angina pectoris (AP).Mathods:Using luminol dependent separated PMN chemiluminescence (CL) techonology, PMN metabolism in AP patients with cardiac arrhythmias and those with sinus rhythm were studied.Results:PMN—CL peak-value and its integration were higher in both AP patients acompanying cardiac arrhythmias and with sinus rhythm than that in normal subjects. PMN—CL peak-value in AP patients acompanying cardiac arrhythmias was significantly higher than that in AP patients with sinus rhythm.Conclusion:The onset of cardiac arrhythmias in patients with AP is relevant to PMN metabolism.

目的:了解中性粒细胞氧化代谢在冠心病心绞痛患者心律失常发病中的作用。方法:应用鲁米诺依赖的分离中性粒细胞化学发光法检测冠心病心绞痛尤其是合并心律失常者与窦性心律者中性粒细胞氧化代谢功能。结果:冠心病心绞痛合并心律失常者与窦性心律者中性粒细胞化学发光峰值、积分均高于正常对照组，冠心病心绞痛合并心律失常组中性粒细胞化学发光峰值明显高于冠心病心绞痛窦性心律组。结论:冠心病心绞痛合并心律失常者的发病与中性粒细胞氧化代谢有关。

你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文

目的:了解中性粒细胞氧化代谢在冠心病心绞痛患者心律失常发病中的作用。方法:应用鲁米诺依赖的分离中性粒细胞化学发光法检测冠心病心绞痛尤其是合并心律失常者与窦性心律者中性粒细胞氧化代谢功能。结果:冠心病心绞痛合并心律失常者与窦性心律者中性粒细胞化学发光峰值、积分均高于正常对照组，冠心病心绞痛合并心律失常组中性粒细胞化学发光峰值明显高于冠心病心绞痛窦性心律组。结论:冠心病心绞痛合并心律失常者的发病与中性粒细胞氧化代谢有关。

Objective:to assess the efffects of polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) metabolism on cardiac arrhy thmia in patients with angina pectoris (AP).Mathods:Using luminol dependent separated PMN chemiluminescence (CL) techonology, PMN metabolism in AP patients with cardiac arrhythmias and those with sinus rhythm were studied.Results:PMN—CL peak-value and its integration were higher in both AP patients acompanying cardiac arrhythmias and with sinus rhythm than that in normal subjects. PMN—CL peak-value in AP patients acompanying cardiac arrhythmias was significantly higher than that in AP patients with sinus rhythm.Conclusion:The onset of cardiac arrhythmias in patients with AP is relevant to PMN metabolism.

你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文

Objective:Report an unusual case with atrial dissociation (AD) and the mechanism was investigated.Methods:Catheters were put routinely and endocardial electrophysiological study was carried out. Refractory periods of different positions were measured, atrial flutter/atrial fibrillation were induced and the activation sequence was mapped. Then the atrial flutter was ablated with conventional methods.Results:In this particular case, AD manifested as right atrial fibrillation and left atrial flutter, the ventricles were controlled by the right atrial fibrillation. After radiofrequency catheter ablation, atrial flutter could not be induced, and AD disappeared.Conclusion:AD may be caused by differences of the refractory periods of the atria. Each atrium had its functional self-protective block zone resulting in occurrence of different rhythms at the same time. AD, which was initiated by atrial flutter, could be ablated successfully.

目的:报告一例罕见的心房分离，探讨其发生原因有助于加深对心房扑动（房扑）、心房颤动（房颤）发生机制的认识。方法:心内电生理检查，常规导管放置，测定各部位不应期，诱发房扑、房颤，并对其进行标测，用经典方法消融房扑。结果:本例心房分离表现为右房房颤、左房房扑，心室受右房房颤所控制。射频消融后，房扑不能诱发，同时心房分离现象亦消失。结论:心房分离可能由心房之间不应期不同所致，左右心房自我保护性阻滞使各自节律得以维持。对于房扑始动的心房分离，可经射频消融成功。

你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文

目的:报告一例罕见的心房分离，探讨其发生原因有助于加深对心房扑动（房扑）、心房颤动（房颤）发生机制的认识。方法:心内电生理检查，常规导管放置，测定各部位不应期，诱发房扑、房颤，并对其进行标测，用经典方法消融房扑。结果:本例心房分离表现为右房房颤、左房房扑，心室受右房房颤所控制。射频消融后，房扑不能诱发，同时心房分离现象亦消失。结论:心房分离可能由心房之间不应期不同所致，左右心房自我保护性阻滞使各自节律得以维持。对于房扑始动的心房分离，可经射频消融成功。

Objective:Report an unusual case with atrial dissociation (AD) and the mechanism was investigated.Methods:Catheters were put routinely and endocardial electrophysiological study was carried out. Refractory periods of different positions were measured, atrial flutter/atrial fibrillation were induced and the activation sequence was mapped. Then the atrial flutter was ablated with conventional methods.Results:In this particular case, AD manifested as right atrial fibrillation and left atrial flutter, the ventricles were controlled by the right atrial fibrillation. After radiofrequency catheter ablation, atrial flutter could not be induced, and AD disappeared.Conclusion:AD may be caused by differences of the refractory periods of the atria. Each atrium had its functional self-protective block zone resulting in occurrence of different rhythms at the same time. AD, which was initiated by atrial flutter, could be ablated successfully.

你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文

Objectives:Successful results of radiofrequency ablation in 3 cases with atriofascicular and atrioventricular accessory pethway were reported.Methods:The locations of atriofascicular and atrioventricular accessory pathway were identified by the atriofascicular and atrioventricular accessory pathway potential found at tricuspid annulus and the earliest V wave found at right ventricular or tricuspid annulus during tachycardia.Results:During electrophysiologic study, the bypass tracts were identified to be atriofascicular nature in 2 cases, and atrioventricular nature in 1 case. All of them were successfully ablated by radiofrequancy current delivery. The target sites were determined by atriofascicular and atriorentricular accessory pathway potentials in 2 cases with atriofascicular tract, and by the earliest activation of intracardiac V wave in 1 case. The successful targets were at 7:30 of the tricuspid annulus clock surface in 2 cases, and at 10:00 of the tricuspid annulus clock surface in 1 case.Conclusion:Radiofrequency catheter ablation is a safe and effective way for the curative therapy ofatriof ascicular and atrioventricular accessory pathway with tachycardia.

目的:本组报道我们所完成的射频消融术治疗心房分支旁路3例。方法:心房—分支纤维的标测采用心动过速中在三尖瓣环上标测心房—分支电位的方法及在右心室或三尖瓣环标测最早V波的方法。结果:3例电生理检查证实2例心房—分支纤维远端与右束支相连，1例与右心室相连。3例射频消融均成功，2例成功靶点均标测到心房分支旁路电位，1例标测最早V波。成功靶点2例在三尖瓣环7点半钟部，1例在三尖瓣环10点钟部。结论:射频消融术是治疗心房—分支旁路心动过速的安全有效的方法。

你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文

目的:本组报道我们所完成的射频消融术治疗心房分支旁路3例。方法:心房—分支纤维的标测采用心动过速中在三尖瓣环上标测心房—分支电位的方法及在右心室或三尖瓣环标测最早V波的方法。结果:3例电生理检查证实2例心房—分支纤维远端与右束支相连，1例与右心室相连。3例射频消融均成功，2例成功靶点均标测到心房分支旁路电位，1例标测最早V波。成功靶点2例在三尖瓣环7点半钟部，1例在三尖瓣环10点钟部。结论:射频消融术是治疗心房—分支旁路心动过速的安全有效的方法。

Objectives:Successful results of radiofrequency ablation in 3 cases with atriofascicular and atrioventricular accessory pethway were reported.Methods:The locations of atriofascicular and atrioventricular accessory pathway were identified by the atriofascicular and atrioventricular accessory pathway potential found at tricuspid annulus and the earliest V wave found at right ventricular or tricuspid annulus during tachycardia.Results:During electrophysiologic study, the bypass tracts were identified to be atriofascicular nature in 2 cases, and atrioventricular nature in 1 case. All of them were successfully ablated by radiofrequancy current delivery. The target sites were determined by atriofascicular and atriorentricular accessory pathway potentials in 2 cases with atriofascicular tract, and by the earliest activation of intracardiac V wave in 1 case. The successful targets were at 7:30 of the tricuspid annulus clock surface in 2 cases, and at 10:00 of the tricuspid annulus clock surface in 1 case.Conclusion:Radiofrequency catheter ablation is a safe and effective way for the curative therapy ofatriof ascicular and atrioventricular accessory pathway with tachycardia.

你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文

Objective:To quantitatively evaluate the dynamic change of ventricular repolarization during 24 hours in healthy subjects.Methods:Variabilities of QT interval and of heart rate were analyzed simultaneously by 24-hour Holter recording in 24 healthy subsjects.Results:The QT interval to the end (QTe) and the peak (QTp) of T wave prolonged while parasympathetic activity enhanced or heart rate decreased, whereas they shortened when sympathetic activity augmented or heart rate increased. The QT interval corrected for heart rate with Bazett's formula (QTc) had a small change during day and night, two peak values were displayed at the first hour after awakening in the morning and at noon, respectively. The standard deviation of QTe every hour (QTv) and the 3-lead range of QTe (?QT) were larger in the day than at night, the diurnal two-peak pattern of both of them were also displayed.Conclusion:The change of ventricular repolarization during 24 hours in healthy subjects, which is related to the physiologic behaviour, is modulated by autonomic nervous system and heart rate as well as other factors.

目的:定量评估健康人昼夜24小时心室复极动态变化。方法:采用动态心电图监测技术，对24例健康人24小时的动态心电图进行QT间期变异性和心率变异性同步分析。结果:QTe（以T波降支切线与基线交叉点为终点的QT间期）和QTp（以T波顶点为终点的QT间期）在迷走神经兴奋或心率减慢时延长，而当交感神经兴奋或心率增快时缩短；QTc（心率校正QT间期）昼夜变异性小，并于早晨清醒后第1个小时和午睡清醒后一段时间出现两个高峰值；QTv（每小时QT变异度）和△QT（三个导联QT极差值）的白天变异性高于夜间，昼夜变化也呈双峰特征。结论:健康人昼夜24小时的心室复极变化与机体生理状态有关，这种变化主要接受而又不仅仅依赖于自主神经和心率的调控。

你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文

目的:定量评估健康人昼夜24小时心室复极动态变化。方法:采用动态心电图监测技术，对24例健康人24小时的动态心电图进行QT间期变异性和心率变异性同步分析。结果:QTe（以T波降支切线与基线交叉点为终点的QT间期）和QTp（以T波顶点为终点的QT间期）在迷走神经兴奋或心率减慢时延长，而当交感神经兴奋或心率增快时缩短；QTc（心率校正QT间期）昼夜变异性小，并于早晨清醒后第1个小时和午睡清醒后一段时间出现两个高峰值；QTv（每小时QT变异度）和△QT（三个导联QT极差值）的白天变异性高于夜间，昼夜变化也呈双峰特征。结论:健康人昼夜24小时的心室复极变化与机体生理状态有关，这种变化主要接受而又不仅仅依赖于自主神经和心率的调控。

Objective:To quantitatively evaluate the dynamic change of ventricular repolarization during 24 hours in healthy subjects.Methods:Variabilities of QT interval and of heart rate were analyzed simultaneously by 24-hour Holter recording in 24 healthy subsjects.Results:The QT interval to the end (QTe) and the peak (QTp) of T wave prolonged while parasympathetic activity enhanced or heart rate decreased, whereas they shortened when sympathetic activity augmented or heart rate increased. The QT interval corrected for heart rate with Bazett's formula (QTc) had a small change during day and night, two peak values were displayed at the first hour after awakening in the morning and at noon, respectively. The standard deviation of QTe every hour (QTv) and the 3-lead range of QTe (?QT) were larger in the day than at night, the diurnal two-peak pattern of both of them were also displayed.Conclusion:The change of ventricular repolarization during 24 hours in healthy subjects, which is related to the physiologic behaviour, is modulated by autonomic nervous system and heart rate as well as other factors.

你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文

Objective:The safety and efficacy of intravenous diltiazem in patients with atrial fibrillation or flutter were evaluated.Methods:321 eligible patients from 27 hospitals were administered with diltiazem of 10 mg iv injection within 5 minutes followed by 10~15 mg · h-1 infusion.Results:63% and 94.3% patients had a satisfactory ventricular response control 20 min after diltiazem injecticn and 0.5~1.5 h after diltiazem infusion, respectively. The ventricular rate decreased from 141.0±14.2 bpm to 102.1 ±13.6 bpm 20 min after injection and to 82.1±13.9 bpm 0.5~1.5 h after infusion. No death and worsening cardiac function were observed in the study.Conclusion:Diltiazem is safe and efficacious to control the rapid ventricular response in patients with atrial fibrillation or flutter.

目的:观察国人静脉应用地尔硫的有效性及安全性。方法:对321例心房颤动1小时以上，满足入选标准者，使用静脉推注10mg后以10~15mg·h-1维持静脉滴注6~8小时。观察有效率（心室率下降≥20%或<100bpm）及症状，体征。结果:静脉滴注地尔硫后20分钟，有效率为63%，心室率由基础的141.0±4.2bpm降至102.1±13.6bpm。维持静脉滴注有效率达94.3%，心室率降至82.1±13.9bpm。血压多在正常范围，无心功能恶化及死亡。结论:静脉应用地尔硫控制心房颤动快室率安全可靠。

你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文

目的:观察国人静脉应用地尔硫的有效性及安全性。方法:对321例心房颤动1小时以上，满足入选标准者，使用静脉推注10mg后以10~15mg·h-1维持静脉滴注6~8小时。观察有效率（心室率下降≥20%或<100bpm）及症状，体征。结果:静脉滴注地尔硫后20分钟，有效率为63%，心室率由基础的141.0±4.2bpm降至102.1±13.6bpm。维持静脉滴注有效率达94.3%，心室率降至82.1±13.9bpm。血压多在正常范围，无心功能恶化及死亡。结论:静脉应用地尔硫控制心房颤动快室率安全可靠。

Objective:The safety and efficacy of intravenous diltiazem in patients with atrial fibrillation or flutter were evaluated.Methods:321 eligible patients from 27 hospitals were administered with diltiazem of 10 mg iv injection within 5 minutes followed by 10~15 mg · h-1 infusion.Results:63% and 94.3% patients had a satisfactory ventricular response control 20 min after diltiazem injecticn and 0.5~1.5 h after diltiazem infusion, respectively. The ventricular rate decreased from 141.0±14.2 bpm to 102.1 ±13.6 bpm 20 min after injection and to 82.1±13.9 bpm 0.5~1.5 h after infusion. No death and worsening cardiac function were observed in the study.Conclusion:Diltiazem is safe and efficacious to control the rapid ventricular response in patients with atrial fibrillation or flutter.

你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文

Objective:The purpose of this study was to explore pathogenetic mechanism and evaluation methods of syncope during flying in pilots.Methods:30 male pilots with syncope (syncope group. S-group) and 42 healthy pilots (control group. C-group) were tested with head-up tilt (HUT) test combined with heart rate variability (HRV) analysis. heart rates, blood pressure (BP) and HRV were compared in two groups.Resalts:Before HUT, mean RR interval (mRR), standard deviation of RR intervals (SDNN) and root mean sguare of successive RR interval (rMSSD) were significantly decreased in S-group than that in C-group (P<0.01); but BP had no difference (P>0.05) in two groups. During HUT, SDNN, high fegueney (HF), total power spectrum (TPF), mRR, short time HRV, systolic BP (SPB), diastolic BP (DBP) and mean arterial pressure (MBP) had significant differeence (P<0.01).Conclusions:HUT combined with HRV is a quantitative analysis method for diagnosing and evaluating autonomic nerve system dysfunction in pilots with syncope during flying.

目的:探讨晕厥飞行员心血管功能障碍的发生机制和评价方法。方法:采用头高斜位（HUT）结合心率变异性（HRV）分析对有空中晕厥史的30例男性飞行员（晕厥组）42例健康男性飞行员（对照组）进行了心率、血压和HRV指标对比分析。结果:HUT前晕厥组平均RR间期（mRR），RR间期标准差（SDNN）和相邻RR间期均方差（rMSSD）三项指标较对照组明显缩小（P<0.01）；各项血压值在两组间无明显差异（P>0.05）。在HUT中mRR、SDNN、高频（HF）、总功率谱（TPF）、短时HRV指标与收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）和平均动脉压（MBP）两组间差异有显著性（P<0.01）。结论:HUT结合HRV分析可做为一种有效方法和量化指标对晕厥飞行员的自主神经功能障碍做出诊断与评价。

你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文

目的:探讨晕厥飞行员心血管功能障碍的发生机制和评价方法。方法:采用头高斜位（HUT）结合心率变异性（HRV）分析对有空中晕厥史的30例男性飞行员（晕厥组）42例健康男性飞行员（对照组）进行了心率、血压和HRV指标对比分析。结果:HUT前晕厥组平均RR间期（mRR），RR间期标准差（SDNN）和相邻RR间期均方差（rMSSD）三项指标较对照组明显缩小（P<0.01）；各项血压值在两组间无明显差异（P>0.05）。在HUT中mRR、SDNN、高频（HF）、总功率谱（TPF）、短时HRV指标与收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）和平均动脉压（MBP）两组间差异有显著性（P<0.01）。结论:HUT结合HRV分析可做为一种有效方法和量化指标对晕厥飞行员的自主神经功能障碍做出诊断与评价。

Objective:The purpose of this study was to explore pathogenetic mechanism and evaluation methods of syncope during flying in pilots.Methods:30 male pilots with syncope (syncope group. S-group) and 42 healthy pilots (control group. C-group) were tested with head-up tilt (HUT) test combined with heart rate variability (HRV) analysis. heart rates, blood pressure (BP) and HRV were compared in two groups.Resalts:Before HUT, mean RR interval (mRR), standard deviation of RR intervals (SDNN) and root mean sguare of successive RR interval (rMSSD) were significantly decreased in S-group than that in C-group (P<0.01); but BP had no difference (P>0.05) in two groups. During HUT, SDNN, high fegueney (HF), total power spectrum (TPF), mRR, short time HRV, systolic BP (SPB), diastolic BP (DBP) and mean arterial pressure (MBP) had significant differeence (P<0.01).Conclusions:HUT combined with HRV is a quantitative analysis method for diagnosing and evaluating autonomic nerve system dysfunction in pilots with syncope during flying.

你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文

Objective:This study evaluated atriofascicular tract (Mahaim fiber) in 4 patients including its location, electrophysiologic characteristics, criteria for ECG diagnosis and experiences of catheter ablations.Methods:There were 3 men and 1 woman with a mean age of 28±14 years (range 16 to 47). Patients were referred for management of documented symptomatic wide-QRS tachycardia for a history of 2 to 17 years. One patient had syncope. Programmed stimulation was performed to determine functional properties of the AV node and Mahaim fiber. RF current were delivered at the site with maximal AP potential.Results:Tachycardia which typically showed left bundle branch block pattern and left axis deviation were induced in all patients; Obvious AP potential were recorded in three patients, and no accessory pathway retrograde conduction were found. Two pathways located at right lateral wall and the other two at right posterolateral wall. All the atriofascicular tracts were successfully ablated with a mean number of 2.2 radiofrequency applications of 67±24 s in duration · At a mean follow up of 14±7 (8 to 25) months, all patients are asymptomatic without antiarrhythmic therapy.Conclusion:Atriofascicular tract is a special kind of accessory pathway with slow, decremental and unidirectional antegrade conduction. Intermittent alternation of body surface ECG and unique morphology during tachycardia usually show the clue of diagnosis of it. RF catheter ablation can be guided by clearly recorded AP potential.

目的:总结4例心房—分支旁路射频消融治疗的经验，并探讨心电图诊断的要点。方法:4例中男性3例，女性1例，年龄16~47（平均28±14）岁，4例均不伴器质性心脏病。室上性心动过速病史2~17年，1例有晕厥史。结果:4例患者中3例记录到旁路电位，1例未能记录到。2例旁路位于右侧游离壁，2例旁路位于右后侧壁。射频消融术中平均放电2.2次，消融能量43±12（30~60）W，放电时间67±24（40~100）s，消融均获成功；术后随访16±7（8~25）个月心动过速未再发生。结论:心房—分支旁路体表心电图是一种特殊的慢旁路，能经体表心电图及电生理方法得以诊断，射频消融术成功率很高。

你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文

目的:总结4例心房—分支旁路射频消融治疗的经验，并探讨心电图诊断的要点。方法:4例中男性3例，女性1例，年龄16~47（平均28±14）岁，4例均不伴器质性心脏病。室上性心动过速病史2~17年，1例有晕厥史。结果:4例患者中3例记录到旁路电位，1例未能记录到。2例旁路位于右侧游离壁，2例旁路位于右后侧壁。射频消融术中平均放电2.2次，消融能量43±12（30~60）W，放电时间67±24（40~100）s，消融均获成功；术后随访16±7（8~25）个月心动过速未再发生。结论:心房—分支旁路体表心电图是一种特殊的慢旁路，能经体表心电图及电生理方法得以诊断，射频消融术成功率很高。

Objective:This study evaluated atriofascicular tract (Mahaim fiber) in 4 patients including its location, electrophysiologic characteristics, criteria for ECG diagnosis and experiences of catheter ablations.Methods:There were 3 men and 1 woman with a mean age of 28±14 years (range 16 to 47). Patients were referred for management of documented symptomatic wide-QRS tachycardia for a history of 2 to 17 years. One patient had syncope. Programmed stimulation was performed to determine functional properties of the AV node and Mahaim fiber. RF current were delivered at the site with maximal AP potential.Results:Tachycardia which typically showed left bundle branch block pattern and left axis deviation were induced in all patients; Obvious AP potential were recorded in three patients, and no accessory pathway retrograde conduction were found. Two pathways located at right lateral wall and the other two at right posterolateral wall. All the atriofascicular tracts were successfully ablated with a mean number of 2.2 radiofrequency applications of 67±24 s in duration · At a mean follow up of 14±7 (8 to 25) months, all patients are asymptomatic without antiarrhythmic therapy.Conclusion:Atriofascicular tract is a special kind of accessory pathway with slow, decremental and unidirectional antegrade conduction. Intermittent alternation of body surface ECG and unique morphology during tachycardia usually show the clue of diagnosis of it. RF catheter ablation can be guided by clearly recorded AP potential.

你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文

Objective:To study the clinical manifestations and prognosis of patients with ayyhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia (ARVD).Methods:From 1975 to 1995, the clinical and follow-up data of 12 patients with ARVD were studied retrospectively.Results:During ventricular tachycardia (VT) attack, syncope was found in 41.6%, shock in 50%, heart failure (CHF) in 16.6%, ventricular fibrillation (VF) in 33.3%. The VTs were of LBBB configuration in all patients. During sinus rhythm, T wave inversion over right pericordial leads was shown in 100%, ventricular postexcitation waves were observed in 66.6%, ventricular late potentials in 100%, during EPS fractional potentials in 50%, induced VT in 83%. All patients heart was enlarged, mean cardiothoracic ratio was 0.6, mean RV diastolic dimension 3.8 cm, RV outflow tract 4.4cm. One case was associated with LV enlargement. The average follow-up period was 7.2 years. 10 patients with sustained VT (SuVT) had an average recurrent attack period of 5. 6 years, 6 patients were known to have a relative remission period of 9.3 years. Total cardiac mortality was 50%, 66% of which were sudden death (SD).Conclusion:This disease usually has trends of family clusters. SuVT and SD are most common; CHF is less. Eliminating precipitating factors is as important as antiarrhythmic drugs for controlling malignant ventricular arrhythmias. In this group, mean clinical course was 13 years. One patient who had an ICD implanted has survived for more than 5 years.

目的:研究致心律失常性右室发育不良（ARVD）患者的临床表现和预后。方法:对1975年~1995年12例ARVD患者的临床和随访资料进行回顾性分析。结果:室性心动过速（VT）发作时伴晕厥41.6%、休克50%、充血性心力衰竭（CHF）16.6%、心室颤动（VF）33.3%，VT均为左束支阻滞（LBBB）图形。窦性心律时，右胸前导联T波倒置100%，心室激后波66.6%，心室晚电位（VLP）阳性100%，电生理研究（EPS）碎裂电位50%，诱发VT83%。所有患者心脏均扩大，心胸比率平均0.60，右室内径（RVID）3.8cm、右室流出道（RVOT）4.4cm、伴左室腔扩大1例。平均随访7.2年，VT发作期平均5.6年，缓解期平均9.3年，死亡率50%，猝死占66%。结论:ARVD有家族群集倾向，持续性室性心动过速（SuVT）、猝死（SD）多见，CHF少见，消除诱因和抗心律失常药物的应用，对防治恶性室性心律失常同样重要，本组平均病程可达13年，1例植入心律转复除颤器（ICD）已随访5年，至今仍存活。

你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文

目的:研究致心律失常性右室发育不良（ARVD）患者的临床表现和预后。方法:对1975年~1995年12例ARVD患者的临床和随访资料进行回顾性分析。结果:室性心动过速（VT）发作时伴晕厥41.6%、休克50%、充血性心力衰竭（CHF）16.6%、心室颤动（VF）33.3%，VT均为左束支阻滞（LBBB）图形。窦性心律时，右胸前导联T波倒置100%，心室激后波66.6%，心室晚电位（VLP）阳性100%，电生理研究（EPS）碎裂电位50%，诱发VT83%。所有患者心脏均扩大，心胸比率平均0.60，右室内径（RVID）3.8cm、右室流出道（RVOT）4.4cm、伴左室腔扩大1例。平均随访7.2年，VT发作期平均5.6年，缓解期平均9.3年，死亡率50%，猝死占66%。结论:ARVD有家族群集倾向，持续性室性心动过速（SuVT）、猝死（SD）多见，CHF少见，消除诱因和抗心律失常药物的应用，对防治恶性室性心律失常同样重要，本组平均病程可达13年，1例植入心律转复除颤器（ICD）已随访5年，至今仍存活。

Objective:To study the clinical manifestations and prognosis of patients with ayyhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia (ARVD).Methods:From 1975 to 1995, the clinical and follow-up data of 12 patients with ARVD were studied retrospectively.Results:During ventricular tachycardia (VT) attack, syncope was found in 41.6%, shock in 50%, heart failure (CHF) in 16.6%, ventricular fibrillation (VF) in 33.3%. The VTs were of LBBB configuration in all patients. During sinus rhythm, T wave inversion over right pericordial leads was shown in 100%, ventricular postexcitation waves were observed in 66.6%, ventricular late potentials in 100%, during EPS fractional potentials in 50%, induced VT in 83%. All patients heart was enlarged, mean cardiothoracic ratio was 0.6, mean RV diastolic dimension 3.8 cm, RV outflow tract 4.4cm. One case was associated with LV enlargement. The average follow-up period was 7.2 years. 10 patients with sustained VT (SuVT) had an average recurrent attack period of 5. 6 years, 6 patients were known to have a relative remission period of 9.3 years. Total cardiac mortality was 50%, 66% of which were sudden death (SD).Conclusion:This disease usually has trends of family clusters. SuVT and SD are most common; CHF is less. Eliminating precipitating factors is as important as antiarrhythmic drugs for controlling malignant ventricular arrhythmias. In this group, mean clinical course was 13 years. One patient who had an ICD implanted has survived for more than 5 years.

你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文

Objective:The clinical and electrophysiologic characteristics of five patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome and complete atrio-ventricular block and the results of treatmenet were reported.Methods:Electrophysiologic studies were performed in all five patients and radiofrequency ablation for accessory pathway in four of them.Results:During electrophysiologic study, no atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia could be induced, and the morphology of pre-excited QRS complex was not changed by programmed atrial stimulation. Complete atrioventricular block was unmasked when antegrade conduction of accessory pathway was ablated. Except one patient who refused to ablate the accessory pathway, pacemakers were implanted in other four patient after ablation, and no atrial fibrillation occurred during follow-up in these patients.Conclusions:Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome associated with complete atrioventricular block is one of the indications for radiofrequency ablation. It is important to evaluate the function of atrioventricular conduction system before ablation. Pacemaker should be implanted after successful accessory pathway ablation.

目的:报道5例预激综合征合并完全性房室阻滞患者的诊断和治疗。方法:进行心内电生理检查和射频消融旁路。结果:电生理检查未诱发房室折返性心动过速，心房刺激时体表心电图的预激程度无变化。消融阻断旁路前传后，均示完全性房室阻滞。4例患者在消融术后植入永久性起搏器，随访中无心房颤动发作。1例患者放弃对旁路的消融治疗。结论:预激综合征合并完全性房室阻滞是射频消融的适应证。消融前对房室传导功能的评定十分重要。成功消融旁路后应植入永久性起搏器。

你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段中文文本，请将文本内容翻译成英文

目的:报道5例预激综合征合并完全性房室阻滞患者的诊断和治疗。方法:进行心内电生理检查和射频消融旁路。结果:电生理检查未诱发房室折返性心动过速，心房刺激时体表心电图的预激程度无变化。消融阻断旁路前传后，均示完全性房室阻滞。4例患者在消融术后植入永久性起搏器，随访中无心房颤动发作。1例患者放弃对旁路的消融治疗。结论:预激综合征合并完全性房室阻滞是射频消融的适应证。消融前对房室传导功能的评定十分重要。成功消融旁路后应植入永久性起搏器。

Objective:The clinical and electrophysiologic characteristics of five patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome and complete atrio-ventricular block and the results of treatmenet were reported.Methods:Electrophysiologic studies were performed in all five patients and radiofrequency ablation for accessory pathway in four of them.Results:During electrophysiologic study, no atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia could be induced, and the morphology of pre-excited QRS complex was not changed by programmed atrial stimulation. Complete atrioventricular block was unmasked when antegrade conduction of accessory pathway was ablated. Except one patient who refused to ablate the accessory pathway, pacemakers were implanted in other four patient after ablation, and no atrial fibrillation occurred during follow-up in these patients.Conclusions:Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome associated with complete atrioventricular block is one of the indications for radiofrequency ablation. It is important to evaluate the function of atrioventricular conduction system before ablation. Pacemaker should be implanted after successful accessory pathway ablation.

你是一个中英文翻译专家，你会接收到一段英文文本，请将文本内容翻译成中文