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This is Honking Tree. The owner called it this way because everytime they pass by in this tree thewere honking their horns. The Family Felt was so attached witht he tree and to the extent that when their aunt died she them to spread the ashes around the tree. Then when their dog dog they spreaded it around the tree too. Until this time when they passed in this place they still honk their horns. | 2023-11-20T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/9700 |
[Molecular study of a false outbreak of ticarcillin-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in a clinical hematology department].
Molecular methods for bacterial strain typing are becoming available outside teaching hospitals and large structures. Although it seems reasonable to use conventional markers, most notably the serotype, whenever possible, the limitations of these methods are particularly conspicuous with P. aeruginosa. Combined use of several methods such as quantitative antibiotic susceptibility testing and serotype determination has proved adequate for characterizing P. aeruginosa strains in some cases. In the case of the outbreak reported herein, this approach failed to provide high quality epidemiological data. In contrast, pulsed field gel electrophoresis ruled out epidemic spread of a P. aeruginosa strain in the clinical hematology department. | 2023-09-24T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/7967 |
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| 2024-05-18T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/6785 |
Because of the cooperation of the catalytic centre and the second coordination sphere, a native metalloenzyme can achieve biological transformations with remarkable efficiency and enantioselectivity under mild conditions *in vivo*[@b1][@b2]. Over the years, significant efforts have been dedicated to the biomimetic study of metalloenzymes to understand their structures and functions and design analogues to mimic the native enzymes' structures and functions[@b3]. In the past few decades, synthetic compounds with functions resembling those of, for example, hydrolases, oxidases, and reductases have been reported[@b4][@b5][@b6][@b7][@b8]. Remarkable progress has been made in mimicking the functions of the enzymes that mediate electron transfer with respective to the catalytic efficiency[@b9][@b10]. However, studies of hydrolase mimetics have lagged far behind, regarding to either catalytic efficiency or selectivity[@b5][@b7][@b8][@b11]. Specifically, in biomimetic chemistry, the rational design of enantioselective hydrolase mimics remains challenging.
Modified cyclodextrins (CDs) have been exploited to construct artificial enzymes since the 1970s, as introduced by Breslow[@b5][@b6][@b12][@b13][@b14]. Previous studies have indicated that CDs' host-guest interactions could result in increased substrate binding affinity and cooperative binding between intramolecular CDs[@b15][@b16][@b17]. In fact, the chiral nature of the CD cavity, particularly the cooperative effects of CDs with coordinated metal ion, has been somewhat underestimated. Appropriately modified CDs can be used in enantioselective molecular binding studies[@b18][@b19], and mediate chemical[@b20][@b21][@b22] and photochemical[@b23][@b24][@b25] enantio-differentiating reactions. CDs play an important role in preorganizing the guest molecules through the hydrophobic interactions. A number of studies have reported the use of unmodified or simply modified CD monomers without metal ions for the enantioselective deacylation of chiral esters[@b26][@b27][@b28][@b29][@b30][@b31][@b32]. However, the cooperative enantioselective catalytic effect arising from CDs' intramolecular interactions with coordinated metal ions have rarely been reported, and the cooperative mechanism also remains unclear. We reported the construction of metallohydrolase mimics and superoxide dismutase mimics with CD domains[@b5][@b33][@b34][@b35][@b36][@b37][@b38][@b39]. The hydrolase activities were studied with carboxylic acid esters and phosphate esters as model, non-chiral substrates. In this study, chiral *t*-butyloxycarbonyl (**Boc**)-protected aromatic amino acid esters **S**~**1**~-**S**~**3**~ were chosen as substrates ([Fig. 1](#f1){ref-type="fig"}). These substrates, which contain amino acid moieties, are biologically relevant than the previously used substrates and thus allowed us to evaluate the interactions of chiral CD cavities with naturally occurring substances. Two bisCD copper(II) complexes were utilized as enantioselective hydrolase mimics, denoted **CuL**^**1**^ (**L**^**1**^ = 2,6-bis(6-mono-amino-β-cyclodextrin-methyl)-pyridine, the "back-to-back" complex[@b39]) and **CuL**^2^ (**L**^**2**^ = 2,6-bis(3-mono-amino-β-cyclodextrin-methyl)-pyridine, the "face-to-face" complex[@b40]). The different CD orientations of the two mimics were studied in parallel to evaluate the effect of the chiral cavities on enantioselective catalysis. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), an inhibition assay, rotating-frame nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy (ROESY), and theoretical calculations were performed to gain deeper insights into the underlying mechanism.
Results
=======
Synthesis and characterization of **CuL** ^**1**^ and CuL^2^
------------------------------------------------------------
The two copper(II) complexes, **CuL**^**1**^ and **CuL**^2^, were synthesized according to our previously reported procedures (see [Supplementary Figs S1](#S1){ref-type="supplementary-material"} and [S2](#S1){ref-type="supplementary-material"} for the ESI-MS results)[@b35][@b38][@b39]. Because of the relationship between coordination geometry and catalytic ability, we were particularly interested in probing the coordination geometries of the copper(II) centre by using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, which were performed at 100 K in a frozen solution of water and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) (see [Supplementary Fig. S3](#S1){ref-type="supplementary-material"}). As a result, *g*~//~ 2.25 and *A*~//~ 160 were obtained for **CuL**^**1**^, and *g*~//~ 2.26 and *A*~//~ 165 were obtained for **CuL**^2^, indicating a distorted square pyramidal coordination geometry at the copper(II) centre in both cases[@b41][@b42]. This proposed geometry was also supported by the UV-Vis spectra ([Supplementary Fig. S4](#S1){ref-type="supplementary-material"}), which showed a broad absorption band at approximately 700 nm that was assigned to the *d*-*d* transitions[@b42][@b43].
Hydrolysis of Boc-protected amino acid esters
---------------------------------------------
The hydrolysis of **S**~**1**~, **S**~**2**~ and **S**~**3**~ at neutral pH (50-mM 2-\[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl\]ethanesulfonic acid (HEPES) buffer containing 10% CH~3~CN, pH 7.2) and 298 ± 0.1 K were monitored by UV-Vis spectroscopy, focusing on the absorption at 400 nm, which were proportional to the concentration of the hydrolytic product 4-nitrophenolate (**NP**). [Figure 2](#f2){ref-type="fig"} reveals that the concentration of **NP** (*ε*~obs~ = 10398 M^−1^ cm^−1^) varied as a function of time during the **CuL**^**1**^**-** and **CuL**^2^**-**promoted hydrolysis of **S**~**1**~, **S**~**2**~ and **S**~**3**~. The initial rate constants, *k*~in~ (s^−1^) of the substrate cleavage events are listed in [Table 1](#t1){ref-type="table"}. Accordingly, **CuL**^**1**^ exhibited a higher catalytic efficiency than **CuL**^2^. Moreover, the differences in the hydrolysis rates of the substrate enantiomers in the reactions with **CuL**^**1**^ were more pronounced than those in the reactions with **CuL**^2^. It should be noted that in the presence of **CuL**^**1**^ (50 μM), ***L*****-S**~**2**~ achieved the highest hydrolysis rate (*k*~in~^*L*^ = 5.4 × 10^−5^ s^−1^) among the tested substrates ([Table 1](#t1){ref-type="table"}), which was 168-fold higher than the spontaneous hydrolysis rate (*k*~uncat~ = 3.2 × 10^−7^ s^−1^) (2.5 μM) ([Supplementary Fig. S12](#S1){ref-type="supplementary-material"}). In contrast, the **CuL**^**1**^**-**catalysed hydrolysis of ***D*****-S**~**2**~was 10-fold slower than that of ***L*****-S**~**2**~ under the same conditions ([Fig. 2b](#f2){ref-type="fig"}). The enantioselectivity was reduced by changing either the substrate or the catalyst ([Fig. 2a,c](#f2){ref-type="fig"}), while **S**~**2**~ remained the most favored substrate by both **CuL**^**1**^ and **CuL**^2^. Additionally, changing the catalyst reduced the enantioselectivity more than that induced by changing the substrate, suggesting that the CD orientation plays a very important role in the enantioselective catalysis. The results of these screening experiments indicated that the "back-to-back" bisCD complex **CuL**^**1**^ favoured the enantioselective hydrolysis of the amino acid-containing substrates, which was particularly evident for **S**~**2**~. The control experiments using the metal or ligands separately resulted in substantially decreased catalytic efficiency and enantioselectivity ([Table 1](#t1){ref-type="table"} and [Supplementary Figs S9--12](#S1){ref-type="supplementary-material"}).
To fully assess the enantioselective hydrolysis of **S**~**1**~--**S**~**3**~ by **CuL**^**1**^, a revised Michaelis--Menten kinetic experiment was performed in the presence of excess catalyst[@b27][@b29][@b44][@b45][@b46]. By increasing the initial catalyst concentration from 5.0 to 125 μM, the hydrolysis rate increased, resulting in a levelled-off curve for each substrate ([Fig. 3](#f3){ref-type="fig"}) and implying that the catalyst-substrate complex formed prior to the catalytic reaction. The kinetic parameters were deduced by fitting the data to the Michaelis--Menten equation ([Table 2](#t2){ref-type="table"})[@b47][@b48]. The best catalytic ability (*k*~cat~/*k*~uncat~) was observed for ***L*****-S**~**2**~, which also showed the most pronounced enantioselectivity, with an enantiomer selectivity (*L*/*D*) of 15.7. Furthermore, the *k*~cat~ values for **S**~**1**~-**S**~**3**~ ranged from 3.3--6.2 × 10^−5^ s^−1^ for the *L*-isomers and 1.6--4.2 × 10^−5^ s^−1^ for the *D*-isomers. As a reference, the Michaelis--Menten kinetic experiment was also performed to investigate **S**~**2**~ catalysis by **CuL**^2^ (see [Supplementary Fig. S14](#S1){ref-type="supplementary-material"}) and resulted in an enantiomer selectivity of 3.3, as shown in [Supplementary Table S1](#S1){ref-type="supplementary-material"}.
To further confirm that the *L*-isomer was preferentially hydrolysed over the *D*-isomer, a chiral high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis were performed with racemic **S**~**2**~. As shown in [Supplementary Fig. S16](#S1){ref-type="supplementary-material"}, after different ratios of racemic **S**~**2**~ (10.0 μM) were consumed by **CuL**^**1**^ (100 μM) at 298 K, the reaction aliquots were subjected to ethyl acetate extraction to transfer the unreacted **S**~**2**~ into the organic phase[@b44], followed by chiral HPLC analysis with CHIRALPAK^®^ IC. When 35%, 40%, and 50% of **S**~**2**~ was consumed, the remaining *L*:*D* ratios were 28:72, 23:77 and 20:80, respectively ([Table 3](#t3){ref-type="table"}). Based on these conversions and the remaining substrate enantiomeric ratios (e.r.), the consumption ratios of the ***L*****-S**~**2**~ and ***D*****-S**~**2**~ enantiomers were calculated to be 94:6, 92:8, and 82:18, thus indicating that the corresponding hydrolysed product (Boc-Phe-OH) were present at e.r. of 94:6, 92:8 and 82:18 (*L*/*D*) ([Table 3](#t3){ref-type="table"}). These results demonstrated that **CuL**^**1**^ possessed high enantioselectivity for the hydrolysis of racemic **S**~**2**~ and showed a preference for the *L*-isomers.
Catalytic inhibition assay
--------------------------
To gain more insights into the reaction mechanism, di(*p*-*tert*-butylbenzyl) amine (**DBBA**) was applied as a CD inhibitor to investigate the role of the CD cavity[@b34][@b36]. In our previous study, we have excluded the possibility that **DBBA** exerts its inhibitory effect through coordination with the metal ions[@b36]. The strong binding between **DBBA** and the CD cavity was demonstrated by ROESY. The nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE) cross-peaks could be observed as the protons are closer than 0.4 nm in space. Therefore, the binding substituent group within the β-CD cavity could be estimated according to the relative intensity of the cross-peaks[@b49]. The interactions between the aryl protons of **DBBA** and the protons in the CD of **L**^**1**^ were observed ([Supplementary Fig. S17](#S1){ref-type="supplementary-material"}). As expected, the initial rate of the **CuL**^**1**^-catalysed hydrolysis of ***L*****-S**~**2**~ was dramatically decreased by more than 13-fold in the presence of **DBBA**, suggesting that **CuL**^**1**^ was significantly inhibited ([Fig. 4a,b](#f4){ref-type="fig"}). Although the hydrolysis rate for ***D*****-S**~**2**~ was low, a 1.3-fold decrease was still observed in the presence of **DBBA**. The kinetic parameters are displayed in [Supplementary Table S2](#S1){ref-type="supplementary-material"}. Moreover, 2D ROESY nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments of **L**^**1**^ with *L*- or *D*- Boc-Phe-OH, instead of the **CuL**^**1**^ and **S**~**2**~ isomers, respectively, were performed ([Supplementary Fig. S18](#S1){ref-type="supplementary-material"}). The ROESY spectrum of **L**^**1**^ with Boc-Phe-OH displayed NOE cross-peak signals between **H-3,5,6** of β-CD and the protons of the **Phenyl** and **Boc** groups of the Boc-Phe-OH enantiomers, indicating that the two groups could be self-included into the CD cavities of **L**^**1**^ from the primary side (Note: the binding constants (*K*~a~) by β-CD for benzene[@b50] and *t*-BuOH[@b51][@b52] are 120 M^−1^ and 48 M^−1^, respectively, at 298 K in H~2~O). These observations demonstrated that the hydrophobic CD cavities were indeed involved in the catalysis of both isomers.
ESI-MS analysis of the mixture of **CuL**^**1**^ with each **S**~**2**~ enantiomer were performed (see [Supplementary Figs S19](#S1){ref-type="supplementary-material"} and [S20](#S1){ref-type="supplementary-material"}). The catalyst--substrate (1:1) complexes were detected by positive-ion ESI-MS, and no catalyst--product complexes were observed, thus indicating that the product binds the catalyst more weakly than the substrate. Considering the **NP** group could easily be bound in the β-CD cavity[@b38][@b53], it leads to the proof that the substrate should be bound by the two cooperative hydrophobic cavities. Moreover, negative-ion ESI-MS confirmed that the hydrolysis products were *N*-Boc-phenylalanine (Boc-Phe-OH) and **NP**, and no Boc-deprotected product was observed. These observations suggested that there was enhanced affinity between the catalysts and substrates and that **NP** was cleaved from the substrates following the hydrolysis.
Based on the above results, we speculate that **NP** (*K*~a~ = 1503 M^−1^ (β-CD, 298 K, H~2~O))[@b54] and the **Phenyl** groups of **S**~**2**~ were encapsulated in the cavities of **CuL**^**1**^ during the reaction. The enantioselectivity originated from the different geometries of the substrates that were regulated by the closely linked CD chiral cavities. The mechanism was further investigated through theoretical calculations. The structures of the ***L*****-S**~**2**~-**CuL**^**1**^ and ***D*****-S**~**2**~-**CuL**^**1**^ complexes were optimized at the ONIOM(B3LYP/lanl2dz:UFF)/IEFPCM level of theory ([Fig. 4c,d](#f4){ref-type="fig"}). In both cases, the two aromatic side arms were encapsulated within the CD cavities, a result in good agreement with the results of the inhibition assay. The two isomers with different conformations were regulated by the CD chiral cavities. A major difference in the spatial distance between the ester carbonyl carbon and the flanking carbonyl oxygen was observed. In the case of ***L*****-S**~**2**~, the distance was 3.3 Å ([Fig. 4c](#f4){ref-type="fig"}), and the ester carbonyl carbon was exposed to the metal-coordinated nucleophile. In the case of ***D*****-S**~**2**~, the flanking carbonyl oxygen was oriented toward the ester moiety, with a shorter distance of 2.5 Å ([Fig. 4d](#f4){ref-type="fig"}), which probably hindered the nucleophilic attack from the metal-coordinated nucleophile because of possible negative charge repulsion. This difference should lead to the enantioselective hydrolysis of ***L*****-S**~**2**~ over ***D*****-S**~**2**~ by **CuL**^**1**^.
Discussion
==========
The initial-rate kinetic study showed that the "back-to-back" bisCD complex **CuL**^**1**^ exhibited higher catalytic efficiency and more pronounced enantioselectivity than the "face-to-face" analogue **CuL**^2^. These results indicated that the closely linked CD cavities on the primary face exhibit a much stronger cooperative effect with the coordinated copper ion in terms of differentiating the chiral substrates than those linked on the secondary face. Moreover, in most cases, the enantioselectivity was significantly decreased when only **L**^**1**^ or **L**^**2**^ was used without the metal. **S**~**3**~ enantiomers were an exception for **L**^**2**^, because containing the bulk R group, **S**~**3**~ would have an unsuitable location on **L**^**2**^ induced by the Cu^2+^ coordination with the bridge, as observed for the metal-inhibited enzymes[@b39]. Besides, in the presence of either **CuL**^**1**^ or **CuL**^2^, the initial hydrolysis rates of substrate *L*-isomers exceeded those of *D*-isomers in all cases, indicating that the chiral CD cavities in our models had an overall preference for the *L*-isomers of the amino acid esters. EtOH was tested as another cosolvent and exhibited an enantiomer selectivity similar to those of the reactions performed in MeCN. This finding indicated that a cosolvent effect of MeCN could be excluded (see [Supplementary Fig. S13](#S1){ref-type="supplementary-material"} and [Table S4](#S1){ref-type="supplementary-material"}).
The *k*~cat~/*k*~uncat~ value of 811 for ***L*****-S**~**2**~ was in agreement with the largest values obtained for previously reported CD-based or other simple artificial mimics with similar substrates[@b26][@b27][@b28][@b55][@b56], although some protein-based mimics produced higher values[@b44][@b57][@b58][@b59]. The most pronounced enantioselectivity was observed for the catalysis of **S**~**2**~ by **CuL**^**1**^, with an enantiomer selectivity of 15.7. This value is comparable to that of the reported natural protein-based model[@b44]. Although some reports have obtained better enantioselectivity with protein-modified catalysts, the complicated structure has made preparing the catalyst and performing mechanistic studies challenging[@b29][@b30][@b57][@b58][@b59]. The chiral HPLC analysis of **S**~**2**~ hydrolysis by **CuL**^**1**^ confirmed that the *L*-isomer was preferentially hydrolysed over ***D*****-S**~**2**~, with an e.r. of 94 :6 (*L*/*D*) when 35% of the racemic **S**~**2**~ was consumed. Finally, the **S**~**2**~ enantiomers were determined to be the optimal substrates for **CuL**^**1**^ in our study, and the removal of the methylene on the **Phenyl** group or replacement with an **Indolyl** group diminished the enantioselectivity. **CuL**^2^ also exhibited the highest enantioselectivity for **S**~**2**~compared with the other two pairs of enantiomers, although the cooperative effect was weaker than that of **CuL**^**1**^. Together, our results suggest that the substrate structure significantly affected the enantioselectivity, and **S**~**2**~ was identified as the best substrate among those tested. The findings indicated that the catalysts recognize specific substrates.
ESI-MS proved that the catalyst formed an intermediate complex with the substrates. The 2D ROESY NMR and inhibition assay demonstrated the vital role of CDs in the catalytic pathway. Finally, the optimized structures of the catalyst-substrate complexes provided initial evidence that the enantiomers formed different geometries according to the closely linked CD chiral cavities.
In conclusion, we presented a hydrolase mimetic study focusing on chiral substrates, in which two bisCD-based copper(II) complexes were developed for the hydrolysis of Boc-protected amino acid esters under physiological conditions (pH = 7.2). Accordingly, the adjacent chiral CD cavities had an overall preference for binding *L*-isomers. In addition, the "back-to-back" bisCD complex **CuL**^**1**^ exhibited much better catalytic efficiency and enantioselectivity towards the chiral amino acid esters than the "face-to-face" analogue **CuL**^2^. Mechanistic studies showed that the two closely linked chiral CD cavities played a vital role in mediating the enantioselective hydrolysis by regulating the different isomer geometries during the reaction, in which the hydrophobic groups of the substrate were embedded in the two intramolecular CD cavities. These findings indicate a cooperative effect of the first and second coordination spheres of artificial catalysts on the enantioselectivity and also provide hints that may guide future exploration of enzyme mimics.
Methods
=======
Materials
---------
Reagent-grade β-CD was recrystallized twice from H~2~O and dried in vacuo for 12 h at 373 K. All of the amino acid esters or precursor enantiomers, *N*-Boc-phenylalanine 4-nitrophenyl ester (**S**~**2**~), *N*-Boc-phenylglycine (Boc-Phg-OH), and *N*-Boc-Tryptophan (Boc-Trp-OH) were purchased from GL Biochem (Shanghai) Ltd. Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (**DCC**) was purchased from Aladdin. Di(*p*-tert-butylbenzyl) amine (**DBBA**) was synthesized with previously reported methods[@b34]. DMF was superdry grade and stored over a molecular sieve. Common organic reagents were reagent grade and redistilled before use. Milli-Q water was used in all physical measurements. **CuL**^**1**^ and **CuL**^2^ were synthesized as described in previous studies[@b35][@b38][@b39]. All compounds were confirmed by elemental analyses, ESI-MS, and ^1^H-NMR spectra.
General methods
---------------
The ^1^H NMR spectra were recorded on Mercury plus 300 spectrometers. The 2D NMR spectra were recorded on a Bruker AvanceIII 600 spectrometer. The elemental contents were analysed with a Perkin--Elmer 240 elemental analyser. The ESI-MS spectra were collected on a Thermo LCQ-DECA-XP spectrometer. The UV/Vis spectra were monitored with a Varian Cary 100 UV/Vis spectrophotometer equipped with a temperature controller (±0.1 K). The HPLC analyses were performed on an Agilent 1200 HPLC with CHIRALPAK^®^ IC 250 × 4.6 mm column. The EPR spectra were recorded on a Bruker A300-10-12 spectrometer. **Synthesis of the amino acid esters.** The amino acid esters were prepared according to a previously described method[@b60], with some modifications. Boc-*L*-Phg-OH (3.5 g, 13.9 mmol) and 4-nitrophenol (1.9 g, 13.9 mmol) were dissolved in dry DMF (15 mL). Aliquots of the mixture were added to a stirred and cooled (−10 °C) suspension of **DCC** (2.9 g) in dry DMF (50 mL). The reaction mixture was magnetically stirred at −10 °C for approximately 2 h and then allowed to stand at room temperature for 5 h. The reaction mixture was filtered, and the filtrate was evaporated to dryness. The crystallization of the residue from 1:12 (*v*/*v*) ethyl acetate/petroleum ether produced pure Boc-*L*-Phg-ONp (***L*****-S**~**1**~) with a 78% yield. ^1^H-NMR (300 MHz, CDCl~3~): 8.22 (1H, d, *J* 9.2, NP-H), 7.42 (2H, dd, *J* 9.3, 3.6, Ph-H), 7.20 (1H, d, *J* 9.0, NP-H), 5.52 (1H, d, *J* 6.9, C-NH), 5.43 (1H, d, *J* 7.0, CH-N), 1.47 (4H, s, CH~3~); elemental analysis (calcd., observed for C~19~H~20~N~2~O~6~): C (61.28, 61.51), H (5.41, 5.44), N (7.52, 7.52).
***D*****-S**~**1**~ was prepared through the same procedure. ^1^H-NMR (300 MHz, CDCl~3~): 8.22 (1H, d, *J* 9.2, NP-H), 7.42 (2H, dd, *J* 9.3, 3.6, Ph-H), 7.20 (1H, d, *J* 9.0, NP-H), 5.52 (1H, d, *J* 6.9, C-NH), 5.43 (1H, d, *J* 7.0, CH-N), 1.47 (4H, s, CH~3~); elemental analysis (calcd., observed for C~19~H~20~N~2~O~6~): C (61.28, 60.94), H (5.41, 5.48), N (7.52, 7.52).
Boc-*L*-Trp-ONp (***L*****-S**~**3**~) and Boc-*D*-Trp-ONp (***D*****-S**~**3**~) were synthesized as described above.***L*****-S**~**3**~: ^1^H-NMR (300 MHz, CDCl~3~) 8.17 (3H, d, *J* 9.1, NP-H, Indole-H), 7.58 (1H, d, *J* 7.8, Indole-H), 7.40 (1H, d, *J* 8.1, Indole-H), 7.26--7.20 (3H, m, Indole-H, CHCl~3~), 7.17--7.08 (2H, m, NP-H), 6.98 (2H, d, *J* 9.1, Indole-H), 5.14 (1H, d, *J* 7.5, C-NH), 4.85 (1H, dd, *J* 13.5, 5.9, CH-N), 3.42 (2H, qd, *J* 14.3, 6.4, CH~2~), 1.45 (9H, s, CH~3~); elemental analysis (calcd., observed for C~22~H~23~N~3~O~6~): C (62.11, 62.34), H (5.45, 5.50), N (9.88, 9.77).
***D*****-S**~**3**~: ^1^H-NMR (300 MHz, CDCl~3~) 8.18 (3 H, d, *J* 9.0, NP-H, Indole-H), 7.60 (1 H, d, *J* 7.9, Indole-H), 7.40 (1 H, d, *J* 13.4, Indole-H), 7.29--7.21 (3 H, m, Indole-H, CHCl~3~), 7.13 (2 H, t, *J* 7.3, NP-H), 6.99 (2 H, d, *J* 9.0, Indole-H), 5.15 (1 H, d, *J* 7.7, C-NH), 4.86 (1 H, d, *J* 7.1, CH-N), 3.59--3.29 (2 H, m, CH~2~), 1.46 (9 H, s, CH~3~); elemental analysis (calcd., observed for C~22~H~23~N~3~O~6~): C (62.11, 62.11), H (5.45, 5.51), N (9.88, 9.81).
Kinetics of amino acid ester hydrolysis
---------------------------------------
The hydrolysis rates of the amino acid esters in the presence of **CuL**^**1**^ and **CuL**^2^ were measured with an initial slope method by monitoring the increase in the 400-nm absorption of the released **NP**. At this wavelength, the absorbance of the ester substrate was negligible. The reaction solution was maintained at 298 ± 0.1 K. HEPES buffer (pH = 7.2, 50 mM) was used, and the ionic strength was adjusted to 0.10 M with NaClO~4~. The amino acid esters were prepared as solutions in CH~3~CN, and the buffer and catalyst solutions were freshly prepared in water.
In a typical experiment, a small amount of aqueous catalyst solution was spread evenly in a 600-μL cuvette containing 10% (*v*/*v*) CH~3~CN buffer solution, and the reactions were always initiated by injecting a small amount of substrate CH~3~CN solution, followed by complete mixing. All of the solutions were equilibrated to 298 ± 0.1 K. The initial first-order rate constants (*k*~in~ (s^−1^)) for the substrate cleavage were obtained directly from a plot of the **NP** concentration versus time by using the initial rate method. The errors in the *k*~in~ values were less than 5%. The *ε* value for **NP** at pH 7.2 was 10,398. The inhibition study was performed by following a similar procedure, except for the pre-equilibrium incubation after mixing **DBBA** with **CuL**^**1**^.
Kinetic resolution of racemic S~2~
----------------------------------
The hydrolysis of racemic **S**~**2**~ was performed using a method similar to that described in the previous section. Racemic **S**~**2**~ (10.0 μM) was mixed with **CuL**^**1**^ (100 μM) under the same conditions as those used in the kinetic studies. The reaction process was monitored with a UV/Vis spectrometer. Then, upon mixing of the reaction mixture with ethyl acetate, the products (Boc-Phe-OH and 4-nitrophenol) and remaining **S**~**2**~ were completely extracted into the organic phase[@b44]. The organic phase was evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure, and the resulting residue was dissolved in ethanol for HPLC analysis. The chiral HPLC analyses were performed at room temperature with a CHIRALPAK^®^ IC 250 × 4.6 mm column and monitored by a UV-Vis detector at 254 nm; the elution solvent was 40/30/30 H~2~O (0.1% formic acid)/CH~3~CN/EtOH, and the flow rate was 1.0 mL/min.
Additional Information
======================
**How to cite this article**: Xue, S.-S. *et al*. Enantioselective Hydrolysis of Amino Acid Esters Promoted by Bis(β-cyclodextrin) Copper Complexes. *Sci. Rep*. **6**, 22080; doi: 10.1038/srep22080 (2016).
Supplementary Material {#S1}
======================
###### Supplementary Information
This work is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21231007 and J1103305), the Ministry of Education of China (Nos. IRT1298 and 313058), the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program No. 2014CB845604) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
**Author Contributions** S.-S.X., M.Z., J.W., Z.-W.M. and L.-N.J. conceived and designed the experiments. S.-S.X., Z.-F.K., B.-C.C., H.S. and Z.-K.C. performed the experiments. S.-S.X., J.W. and Z.-W.M. analyzed the data. S.-S.X., M.Z., J.W. and Z.-W.M. wrote the paper. All authors discussed the results and commented on the manuscript.
{#f1}
{#f2}
{#f3}
![Inhibition reaction and theoretical calculation.\
Hydrolysis of (**a**) ***L*****-S**~**2**~, and (**b**) ***D*****-S**~**2**~ by **CuL**^**1**^ in the presence or absence of **DBBA** in HEPES buffer (pH 7.2, 50 mM) containing 10% MeCN at (298 ± 0.1) K, \[**CuL**^**1**^\] = \[**S**~**2**~\] = \[**DBBA**\] = 10.0 μM. Optimized structures of the (**c**) ***L*****-S**~**2**~-**CuL**^**1**^ and (**d**) ***D*****-S**~**2**~-**CuL**^**1**^ complexes at the ONIOM(B3LYP/lanl2dz:UFF)/IEFPCM level of theory. Color code: O, red; N, blue; Cu, magenta; C, light grey (catalysts) and cyan (substrates). Hydrogen was omitted. The intramolecular CDs were also omitted in the bottom images for clarity. The metal ions and coordinated water are shown as spheres. All labelled distances are shown in angstroms (Å).](srep22080-f4){#f4}
###### The initial rate constants for S~1~-S~3~ (2.5 μM) promoted by different catalysts (50.0 μM) in a 10% MeCN solution in HEPES buffer (pH 7.2, 50 mM) at 298 ± 0.1 K.
Catalyst *k*~in~ (10^−5^ s^−1^)
---------------- ------------------------ ------------------ ------------------ ------------------ ------------------ ------------------
**CuL**^**1**^ 3.9 2.1 5.4 5.2 × 10^**−**1^ 2.0 1.3
**CuL**^2^ 9.5 × 10^**−**1^ 7.7 × 10^**−**1^ 1.6 7.2 × 10^**−**1^ 3.4 × 10^**−**1^ 1.9 × 10^**−**1^
**L**^**1**^ 6.2 × 10^**−**1^ 4.3 × 10^**−**1^ 8.5 × 10^**−**1^ 1.8 × 10^**−**1^ 2.1 × 10^**−**1^ 1.2 × 10^**−**1^
**L**^**2**^ 4.4 × 10^**−**1^ 3.1 × 10^**−**1^ 4.8 × 10^**−**1^ 1.2 × 10^**−**1^ 4.3 × 10^**−**1^ 1.7 × 10^**−**1^
**Cu**^**2+**^ 1.2 × 10^**−**1^ 6.7 × 10^**−**2^ 6.1 × 10^**−**2^
Buffer 5.0 × 10^**−**2^ 3.2 × 10^**−**2^ 2.8 × 10^**−**2^
###### Kinetic parameters for the hydrolysis of S~1~-S~3~ (2.5 μM) in the presence of CuL^1^ (5.0--125 μM) in a 10% MeCN solution in HEPES buffer (50 mM, pH = 7.2) at 298 ± 0.1 K.
*k*~cat~ (10^−5^s^−1^) *K*~m~(μM) *k*~cat~/*K*~m~ (M^−1^ s^−1^) *k*~uncat~ (10^−7^s^−1^) *k*~cat~*/k*~uncat~ *k*~cat~^*L*^/*k*~cat~^*D*^
-------------- ----------- ------------------------ -------------- ------------------------------- -------------------------- --------------------- -----------------------------
**S**~**1**~ ***L-*** 12.0 ± 1.0 107.0 ± 16.0 1.1 5.0 2.5 × 10^2^ 2.9
***D-*** 4.2 ± 0.2 42.5 ± 4.3 1.0 8.4 × 10
**S**~**2**~ ***L-*** 26.2 ± 4.2 197.0 ± 46.0 1.3 3.2 8.1 × 10^2^ 15.7
***D-*** 1.7 ± 0.3 124.0 ± 32.0 0.1 5.2 × 10
**S**~**3**~ ***L-*** 3.3 ± 0.3 28.5 ± 5.6 1.2 2.8 1.2 × 10^2^ 1.5
***D-*** 2.2 ± 0.1 34.6 ± 3.4 0.6 7.9 × 10
###### Chiral HPLC analysis of the conversion of various amounts of racemic **S**.
Entry Conversion (%) Remaining e.r. of S~2~(*L*:*D*)^\[a\]^ e.r. of Boc-Phe-OH (*L*:*D*)^\[b\]^
------- ---------------- ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------------
1 35 28:72 94:6
2 40 23:77 92:8
3 50 20:80 82:18
\[a\] The enantiomeric ratio (e.r.) values of remaining substrates were determined by HPLC analysis with a chiral stationary phase. \[b\] e.r. values of products were calculated from the result of HPLC analysis.
| 2023-08-27T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/8906 |
#!/usr/bin/make -f
# Sample debian/rules that uses debhelper.
# This file is public domain software, originally written by Joey Hess.
#
# This version is for packages that are architecture independent.
#
# Rules to build etherpad
#
# Uncomment this to turn on verbose mode.
#export DH_VERBOSE=1
build: build-stamp
build-stamp:
dh_testdir
# Add here commands to compile the package.
#$(MAKE)
bin/build.sh
touch build-stamp
clean:
# update template translation strings commented out as git-buildpackage complains that the file changes all the times otherwise...
# debconf-updatepo
dh_testdir
dh_testroot
rm -f build-stamp
# Add here commands to clean up after the build process.
#$(MAKE) clean
#$(MAKE) distclean
dh_clean
install: build
dh_testdir
dh_testroot
dh_prep
dh_installdirs
# Add here commands to install the package into debian/<packagename>.
#$(MAKE) prefix=`pwd`/debian/`dh_listpackages`/usr install
# Add here commands to install the indep part of the package into
# debian/<package>-doc.
#INSTALLDOC#
mkdir -p debian/etherpad/usr/share/etherpad
# try to copy content correctly
cp -a $$(ls | grep -E -v 'debian|LICENSE|COPYING|INSTALL') debian/etherpad/usr/share/etherpad
# fix ups (because the above copy is too dump), remove unneeded stuff
find debian/etherpad -type f -and -name ".gitignore" -exec rm {} +
find debian/etherpad -type f -and -name "build-stamp" -exec rm {} +
# create directory to save user data
mkdir -p debian/etherpad/usr/share/etherpad/etherpad/data
mkdir -p debian/etherpad/etc
mv debian/etherpad/usr/share/etherpad/etherpad/etc debian/etherpad/etc/etherpad
ln -s /etc/etherpad debian/etherpad/usr/share/etherpad/etherpad/etc
mkdir -p debian/etherpad/usr/share/lintian/overrides
cp debian/source/lintian-overrides debian/etherpad/usr/share/lintian/overrides/etherpad
#mkdir -p debian/etherpad/etc/init.d
#ln -s /usr/share/etherpad/bin/etherpad.init.d debian/etherpad/etc/init.d/etherpad
dh_installinit --update-rcd-params="start 05 2 3 4 5 . stop 95 0 1 6 ."
dh_install -i
# Build architecture-independent files here.
binary-indep: build install
dh_testdir
dh_testroot
dh_installchangelogs
dh_installdocs
# on the fly final copyright file creation:
cat debian/copyright LICENSE > debian/etherpad/usr/share/doc/etherpad/copyright
dh_installexamples
# dh_installmenu
dh_installdebconf
# dh_installlogrotate
# dh_installemacsen
# dh_installcatalogs
# dh_installpam
# dh_installmime
# dh_installinit
# dh_installcron
# dh_installinfo
# dh_installwm
# dh_installudev
# dh_lintian
# dh_bugfiles
# dh_undocumented
dh_installman
dh_link
dh_compress
dh_fixperms
# dh_perl
dh_installdeb
dh_gencontrol
dh_md5sums
dh_builddeb
# Build architecture-dependent files here.
binary-arch: build install
# We have nothing to do by default.
binary: binary-indep binary-arch
.PHONY: build clean binary-indep binary-arch binary install
| 2024-01-22T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/2601 |
Twenty-four hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring to evaluate effects on blood pressure of physical activity in hypertensive patients.
Elevated blood pressure is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease and stroke. Several studies have demonstrated that physical exercise reduces blood pressure levels in hypertensive subjects and improves control of several well-known risk factors for atherosclerosis such as diabetes mellitus, blood lipid profile and obesity. Our group attempted to evaluate if an exercise program based on periodic controlled fast walking sessions would reduce blood pressure levels in hypertensive subjects. We enrolled hypertensive subjects not suffering from obesity (Body Mass Index < 30) already under pharmacological therapy; in these subjects we performed a six-week program of mobility exercise based on fast walking. Secondary care. We enrolled 189 subjects; 168 subjects completed the training period. Entry criteria were Stage I WHO hypertension in pharmacological treatment, BMI < 30, and absence of any pathological condition resulting in reduced mobility. A six-week mobility program centered on fast walking. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels before and after the walking program. Mean 24 h systolic blood pressure changed from 143.1 to 135.5 mmHg. Mean 24 h diastolic blood pressure changed from 91.1 to 84.8 mmHg. This reduction, evaluated with Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring (ABPM), confirms that physical exercise should be a part of lifestyle changes for the management of hypertension both in untreated hypertensive patients or high-risk subjects for hypertension, and also for hypertensive patients in association with pharmacological therapy. | 2023-12-15T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/7375 |
Formal Flatware
10 products found
Restaurant Dining Room Supplies
Flatware
Formal Flatware
Length:7 5/8 in
Formal flatware can be a bit tricky in the sense that anything with a bit of design and flare can be considered formal. Finding the right formal pattern or accent might mean browsing through hundreds of options, and, unfortunately, often picking out something that was chosen based on how pretty it was can lead you to regretting your decision later. Alas, browsing through patterns doesn’t have to be a bore (or intimidating), let our Design Team help you mix and match sets to suit your style. | 2024-04-18T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/1005 |
The advance of the Syrian Army surprised Israel as the Zionist plan to create another buffer zone near the Israeli occupied Golan Heights failed, according to a Lebanese political scientist who believes Tel Aviv will not give up creating it and is likely to increase pressure against Damascus.
“In recent years, Israel has supported Syrian armed opposition fighters, giving special attention to units operating along the Golan Heights border, which is occupied by Tel Aviv,” political scientist Nidal al-Sabaa said.
According to him, the Israelis sought to create an intermediary zone to avoid direct contact with the Lebanese and Syrian armies.
For this to be achieved, Israel has repeatedly invited representatives of the Syrian opposition to various trilateral conferences and trilateral meetings with the participation of the United States, carried out at the US embassy in Jordan.
As a result, several opposition politicians within Syria have been promoters of Israeli interests, noted the political scientist.
“But the residents of the [Syrian province of] Daraa have always sought to restore the legitimate power of Damascus and not to be pawns of Israeli policy,” he emphasized.
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Now, as the Syrian army has re-established control over the border near Jordan, practically ridding the province of Daraa of terrorists, there is a risk that Damascus will raise a question about the Golan Heights, internationally recognized as Syrian territory but occupied by Israel.
As such, Tel Aviv “will prevent the Syrian Army from moving in the south of the country in anyway,” claimed Al Sabaa.
On July 10, Israeli Defense Minister Avigdor Lieberman warned that “every Syrian soldier” who enters the demilitarized zone between the two countries will endanger his life.
In comparison, in northern Syria, according to the analyst, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan can guarantee stability on the Turkish border, preventing the emergence of a Kurdish autonomous zone which could further hamper the situation in the country.” | 2024-01-31T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/4089 |
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Isla Mujeres
Off the coast of Cancun
Privilege Aluxes is located on Isla Mujeres, the exclusive and charming island off of the coast of Cancun, Mexico. At first sight the turquoise waters are breathtaking. Isla Mujeres was traditionally known as a quiet fishermen village and now it is recognized as one of the best places to visit for a vacation in Mexico.
The island is 4.6 miles long and just a short 15 minute ferry ride from Cancun, across amazing turquoise waters. This island is not only a unique natural and cultural representation of Mexico but also provides amazing activities. Whether you love great reef snorkeling, archaeological vestiges or marine parks such as Garrafon and Dolphin Discovery, there is something for everyone on Isla Mujeres.
Nightlife
The Isla Mujeres nightlife is known for being both sensitive and pedestrian, very much like Playa del Carmen. Isla streets like Hidalgo and Guerrero Ave. have places such as Nitrox, Kokonuts, La Adelita, Tequila Sunrise, La Peña Bar. There are other hot spots that have that particular Caribbean charm, perfect for dancing the whole night. From live DJ music, to mariachis, to country music, there are music options for all tastes. For those who prefer to play pool, be sure to check out Sergio’s and for happy hour Buho’s is a must visit. | 2023-11-05T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/8177 |
Biological-to-electronic interface with pores of ATP synthase subunit C in silicon nitride barrier.
An oscillator pore is identified that generates intermittent, large amplitude, ionic current in the plasma membrane. The pore is thought to be composed of 10-12 units of subunit c of ATP synthase. Pore opening and closing is a co-operative process, dependent on the release, or binding, of as many as six calcium ions. This mechanism suggests a more general method of co-operative threshold detection of chemical agents via protein modification, the output being directly amplified in a circuit. Here the authors describe steps in the development of a sensor of chemical agents. The subunit c pore in a lipid bilayer spans a nanometer-scale hole in a silicon nitride barrier. Either side of the barrier are electrolyte solutions and current through the pore is amplified by circuitry. The techniques of laser ablation, electron beam lithography and ion beam milling are used to make successively smaller holes to carry the lipid patch. Holes of diameter as small as 20 nm are engineered in a silicon nitride barrier and protein activity in lipid membranes spanning holes as small as 30 nm in diameter is measured. The signal-to-noise ratio of the ionic current is improved by various measures that reduce the effective capacitance of the barrier. Some limits to scale reduction are discussed. | 2024-03-26T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/5341 |
As the Twitter account of Archimedes III put it late Wednesday, “The countdown is on!’’
The cruisers set sail Friday afternoon in the 111th Chicago Yacht Race to Mackinac. The majority of the fleet are in the divisions that begin racing in intervals at 11 a.m. Saturday east of Navy Pier. The first finishers should arrive late Sunday at Mackinac Island, Michigan, after 289 nautical miles.
The near-record water levels on Lake Michigan will have limited impact.
After two brutal weather years for the Mac, the field is smaller this year with 270 boats and about 2,200 sailors. In 2017, nearly a third of the field withdrew because of the weather. Last year, Chicagoan Jon Santarelli went overboard on Imedi shortly after the start and drowned when his PFD did not operate. That led to significant changes in safety procedures for the Mac.
This year should be different with a weather forecast along Lake Michigan looking benign and perhaps even setting the stage for a slow Mac.
Westrec Marinas’ executive vice president Scott Stevenson emailed that in Chicago, the high levels should not impact the handling of the boats before the race.
Jay Kehoe, director of CYC On the Water, said his only concern would be a “crazy surge or seiche’’ within the harbors. He said adjustments were made to the docks at Mackinac Island.
The higher water will not alter the course or open up any new areas to racing.
“I think because of the all rains, we will be watching river inputs and currents. Currents can get very strong,’’ said Sarah Renz, chair of the CYC Race to Mackinac. “There’s a lot of junk in the water.’’
The changes to safety procedures include requiring 50 percent of each crew to take the US Sailing Offshore Safety at Sea Course. There were five life-jacket classes on such topics as inflating and unpacking PFDs. About 90 people attended a two-day enhanced International Offshore Safety at Sea course.
Some boats of note for this Mac are Perry Fortune and Ryan Farrell’s Express 27 Air Force, Peter Thornton’s 105-foot Whitehawk and James Lidbury’s C&C 110 Zen from the Royal Hong Kong Yacht Club.
New to this Mac is the Point Betsie Team Race Challenge Trophy sponsored by the Storm Trysail Club. That friendly competition, which includes teams of three boats from three different divisions, has 22 teams entered. | 2024-07-27T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/5365 |
[The effect of midazolam on blood circulation and respiration during spinal anesthesia in urology].
Ten urological patients with spinal anesthesia were sedated with midazolam 0.03 mg/kg i.v. A similar group (n = 10) was given placebo instead of midazolam (2 ml 0.9% NaCl). Patients who received midazolam slept lightly but were rousable. During the operation 2 l/min oxygen was administered via a nasal cannula; pO2 and pCO2 remained within normal limits throughout the procedure. No cardiovascular side effects such as hypotension or other reaction such as vomiting, nausea, or confusion were observed after midazolam. At the end of the operation all patients were fully awake and cooperative. | 2024-07-30T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/4800 |
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace WebApiThrottle
{
/// <summary>
/// Stores the client IP, key and endpoint
/// </summary>
[Serializable]
public class RequestIdentity
{
public string ClientIp { get; set; }
public string ClientKey { get; set; }
public string Endpoint { get; set; }
public bool ForceWhiteList { get; set; }
}
}
| 2024-02-19T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/6098 |
Clinical studies related to cardiac pacing have shown that an optimal atrio-ventricular pacing delay (e.g., AV delay or PV delay) and/or an optimal interventricular pacing delay (e.g., VV delay) can improve cardiac performance. However, such optimal delays depend on a variety of factors that may vary over time. Thus, what is “optimal” may vary over time. An optimization of AV/PV pacing delay and/or VV pacing delay may be performed at implantation and, in some cases, a re-optimization may be performed during a follow-up consultation. While optimization procedures are beneficial, the benefits may not last due to changes in various factors related to device and/or cardiac function. Accordingly, techniques have been developed for periodically re-optimizing pacing delays. Periodic re-optimization is particularly important when providing CRT. Briefly, CRT seeks to normalize asynchronous cardiac electrical activation and resultant asynchronous contractions associated with heart failure by delivering synchronized pacing stimulus to both ventricles. The stimulus is synchronized so as to improve overall cardiac function. This may have the additional beneficial effect of reducing the susceptibility to life-threatening tachyarrhythmias. Pacemakers and ICDs can be equipped to deliver CRT. Standalone CRT devices can also be provided for implant within patients. By periodically re-optimizing CRT, its operation can be adjusted to respond to the needs of the patient.
The following patents and patent applications set forth various systems and methods for allowing a pacemaker, ICD, CRT device or other cardiac rhythm management (CRM) device to determine and/or adjust AV/PVNV pacing delays so as to help maintain the pacing delays at preferred or optimal values: U.S. Pat. No. 7,590,446; U.S. Published Patent Application 2009/0299423A1; U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/952,743 (abandoned), filed Dec. 7, 2007, entitled “Systems and Methods for Determining Optimal Atrioventricular Pacing Delays using either Paced or Sensed Atrial Beats”; U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/328,605, filed Dec. 4, 2008, issued as U.S. Pat. No. 8,442,634, entitled “Systems and Methods for Controlling Ventricular Pacing in Patients with Long Intra-Atrial Conduction Delays”; U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/507,646, filed Jul. 22, 2009, issued as U.S. Pat. No. 8,265,755, of Min et al. entitled “Systems and Methods for Optimizing Ventricular Pacing Delays for use with Multi-Pole Leads”; U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/639,881 (pending), filed Dec. 16, 2009, of Min et al., entitled “Systems and Methods for Determining Ventricular Pacing Sites for use with Multi-Pole Leads”; U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/604,280, filed Oct. 22, 2009, issued as U.S. Pat. No. 8,145,311, of Min et al., entitled “Systems and Methods for Determining Optimal Electrode Pairs for use in Biventricular Pacing using Multi-Pole Ventricular Leads”; and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/957,142 (pending), filed Nov. 30, 2010, of Min, entitled “Systems and Methods for Determining Optimal Atrioventricular Pacing Delays based on Cardiomechanical Delays ”. See, also, U.S. Pat. No. 7,248,925, to Bruhns et al., entitled “System and Method for Determining Optimal Atrioventricular Delay based on Intrinsic Conduction Delays.” At least some of the techniques are implemented within the QuickOpt™ systems of St. Jude Medical.
In particular, techniques were set forth within at least some of these patent documents for exploiting various inter-atrial and interventricular conduction delays observed within an intracardiac electrogram (IEGM) to determine preferred or optimal AV/PV/VV pacing delays. In at least some examples, the implanted device (or an external programming device in communication with the implanted device) performs a series of tests to determine intrinsic AV/PV and VV conduction delays from which preferred pacing delays are determined. In particular, an “A sense” test is performed to detect intra-atrial conduction delays from which preferred IEGM-based AV/PV pacing delays are determined. A “V sense” test is performed to detect intrinsic ventricular events from which an intrinsic interventricular conduction delay (Δ) is determined. An “RV pace” test and a separate “LV pace” test are performed to detect paced interventricular conduction delays (IVCD_RL and IVCD_LR, respectively) from which an intrinsic interventricular correction term (ε) is determined. The optimal IEGM-based VV delay is then set based on Δ and ε. In some examples, a pacing latency correction term is applied during the determination of PV. Other examples extend these techniques for use with multi-site LV (MSLV) pacing.
Although these “IEGM-based” techniques are useful, there remains room for further improvement, particularly in terms of the capability of the techniques to identify values for AV/PV/VV pacing delays that optimize or improve cardiac output or stroke volume. It is known that LV dP/dt is a good surrogate for contractility and stroke volume. It has been found that that certain features of impedance signals (Z) measured between the device housing (can) and an electrode in the superior vena cava (SVC) correlate closely with LV dP/dt, at least in animal test subjects. Hence, it would be desirable to exploit SVC-can Z signals or other appropriate Z signals to improve the optimization of pacing delays and it is to this end that aspects of the present invention are generally directed. It would be particularly desirable to provide techniques that allow for Z signals to be exploited for optimization that do not require a large number of optimization tests and it is to this end that some particular aspects of the invention are directed. | 2024-05-18T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/2791 |
106 Ga. App. 574 (1962)
127 S.E.2d 817
LESTER
v.
LUTTRELL.
39622.
Court of Appeals of Georgia.
Decided September 5, 1962.
Rehearing Denied September 21, 1962.
*575 Marson G. Dunaway, Jr., for plaintiff in error.
Robert Edward Surles, contra.
BELL, Judge.
When an attachment is returnable to the superior or county court, the plaintiff shall file his declaration at the first term. Code § 8-601. It is undisputed that no declaration was filed in this case after the attachment. However, the plaintiff contends that his petition for attachment was equivalent to a declaration, and even though it was defective, the defect was amendable and the judgment cured the defect. Code § 110-702.
In Mehring v. Charles, 58 Ga. 377, the Supreme Court held that the seizure of the defendant's property by process of attachment will give the court jurisdiction to enable the plaintiff to file his declaration against the defendant provided the plaintiff alleges in the declaration that the defendant's property has been attached and ". . . instead of praying process against the defendant, pray that the court will render a judgment that the property levied on may be sold in satisfaction of his demand." Ibid., p. 379. It appears that at least some reference to the previous attachment is requisite for a good or an amendable declaration. West v. Gainesville Nat. Bank, 32 Ga. App. 703, 707 (124 SE 733). See also Kolb v. Cheney, 63 Ga. 688, 691; and Wilson v. Stricker & Co. 66 Ga. 575 (2,4) 578.
*576 Viewed in the light of the above authorities, the petition in the present action is not sufficient to constitute a declaration in attachment as required by Code § 8-601. The defects inherent in the petition were not curable by the judgment. Anything to the contrary in Smith v. Jacksonville Oil Mill Co., 21 Ga. App. 679 (94 SE 900), must yield to the Supreme Court cases of Kolb and Wilson, supra.
Furthermore, the record reveals that there was no return of the writ of attachment. The return by the officer of the attachment writ is the foundation of the court's jurisdiction in all subsequent proceedings against the property attached. McReynolds v. Colclough, 146 Ga. 696 (3) (92 SE 206); Chastain v. Alford, 193 Ga. 551, 552 (19 SE2d 721).
The affidavit to the writ for the attachment was made before the clerk of the superior court and not before a judicial officer as required by Code § 8-109. If the attachment had been otherwise valid, for this reason it was absolutely void. Heard v. National Bank of Illinois, 114 Ga. 291 (2) (40 SE 266). Also see Worley Bros. Granite Co. v. Haskins, 105 Ga. App. 444, 448 (124 SE2d 663).
The trial court properly arrested the judgment and dismissed the attachment.
Judgment affirmed. Felton, C. J., and Hall, J., concur.
| 2023-10-24T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/9882 |
Circle cystostomy: technical considerations.
Our experience of 30 selected cases in whom circle cystostomy was used for postoperative drainage of the urinary bladder is described. Technical details and considerations used in the preferential selection of this method of urinary drainage over the standard balloon catheter (Foley) drainage are discussed. | 2024-07-05T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/9634 |
City officials say pipe likely broke due to age
The sun was shining bright Tuesday, but residents of one north Boulder neighborhood still found themselves spending most of the day in the dark, damp and dirt.
Homeowners on Norwood and Oak avenues began what could be a long and expensive cleanup process after city officials say old piping led to a water main break on Monday evening that flooded about 20 homes before it could be shut off.
The water-main break was first reported at 4:45 p.m. at Norwood Avenue and Cress Court, and water flooded homes near Norwood and Cress before cascading toward Oak Avenue as residents scrambled to set up makeshift berms.
James Cassidy, of Colorado Disaster Renovation, collects damaged items Tuesday in the basement of a home on Oak Avenue that was flooded after a water main broke in north Boulder. (Cliff Grassmick / Staff Photographer)
"Even sandbags couldn't stop it, it was just so much water," said Andrew Stanger, who lives on Oak Avenue. "I tried to block it as best I could. But within minutes it was just devastating. It was like a dam broke."
The city was able to get the water shut off after about 45 minutes, and crews worked through the night to re-open roads and restore water service in the neighborhood by Tuesday morning.
But some residents are questioning why it took 45 minutes to shut off water as basements in the area began to flood.
"That's why my whole basement is destroyed," said Meredith Kurry, who also lives on Oak Avenue. "If they had gotten here in a timely fashion it might not have been as bad."
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Contrary to reports from police Monday night, Boulder Public Works spokesman Ben Irwin said the response time was not longer because the pipe was maintained by the Betasso Treament Plant.
"There is a person on call for these water-main breaks," Irwin said. "There is no special team dedicated to one kind of water-main break."
But Irwin said depending on where the worker is at the time of the call, it can take about an hour to get the water shut off after a main break.
"The person who is on call needs to travel to the site, then needs to locate the valve and shut off the water," Irwin said. "That is a process, so certainly 45 minutes didn't surprise me."
As for the cause of the break, Irwin said officials believe the age of pipe — which records show was installed in the 1960s — was the main culprit.
"It was likely the age of the pipe and a crack or something caused it to break," said Irwin, who added that with 470 miles of piping throughout the city, breaks due to age are not uncommon.
"This looked typical in terms of it being an older pipe," Irwin said. "We have about 60 a year on average."
Irwin said that, at this point, the city has not made any decision about whether it needs to inspect other pipes in the area. But he noted that the neighborhood has not seen a lot of pipe breaks.
"There are a lot of things that factor into those decisions," Irwin said.
In the meantime, residents are now left to start the process of cleaning up their properties.
The streets in the area were lined Tuesday with all sorts of cleaning trucks and disaster response crews, some of which had been on scene since Monday.
Stanger said the basement where he lives had about 3 feet of water in it, so he attempted to sleep while fans were going through the night to try to dry out the room.
"I got about four hours of sleep, but I didn't really have anywhere else to go," Stanger said.
Stanger took the day off of work, and, as he dumped debris from the waters into a bin Tuesday morning, he anticipated it wouldn't be the last time.
"It'll probably be weeks," Stanger said. "You can't prepare for this, you just do the best you can."
Kurry said she had just put the finishing touches on her basement three weeks earlier — repairs from the 2013 flood — when disaster struck again.
"We had finally saved up some money and then this happened," Kurry said. "The nightmare is now we have to pay for this."
Boulder's Irwin said it's to early for the city to know if and how much it will help residents pay for the damage. He said city officials will first need to finish their investigation into the nature of the pipe break before they can begin to look at claims.
"It's an ongoing process, and I'm not sure how long the process will take," Irwin said.
The Boulder alt-country band gives its EPs names such as Death and Resurrection, and its songs bear the mark of hard truths and sin. But the punk energy behind the playing, and the sense that it's all in good fun, make it OK to dance to a song like "Death." Full Story | 2023-12-10T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/3878 |
Founded in 1993 by brothers Tom and David Gardner, The Motley Fool helps millions of people attain financial freedom through our website, podcasts, books, newspaper column, radio show, and premium investing services.
Biogen Posts Double-Digit Profits, Has Cash to Burn
Drug-developer Biogen(NASDAQ:BIIB) reported a pretty strong earnings increase in the first quarter. While revenue growth wasn't as solid, investors appear to be giving management a pass, thanks to its explanations on why slowing first-quarter sales aren't a sign of future trouble.
Biogen results: The raw numbers
Metric
Q1 2018
Q1 2017
Year-Over-Year Change
Revenue
$3.13 billion
$2.81 billion
11%
Income from operations
$1.53 billion
$1.02 billion
50%
Earnings per share (EPS)
$5.54
$3.46
60%
Adjusted EPS
$6.05
$5.20
16%
Data source: Biogen.
What happened with Biogen this quarter?
Excluding the hemophilia drugs that were spun off last year, revenue was up an even more impressive 15% year over year.
With multiple sclerosis patients switching from older to newer medications, it's best to look at the group as a whole. But even with that correction, the year-over-year comparison doesn't look that great, as sales dropped from almost $2.3 billion in the year-ago quarter to $2.1 billion in the first quarter. Management blamed some of the decline on inventory dynamics.
The only reason for the decently sized year-over-year increase in revenue came from sales of Spinraza, Biogen's spinal muscular atrophy drug. Sales were only $47 million during its first quarter on the market last year, but the drug had already reached blockbuster status, at $363 million in the fourth quarter, and sales were basically flat quarter over quarter, at $364 million in the first quarter.
Sales of biosimilars doubled, although they still only make up $128 million combined, so they only are moving the revenue needle a little.
Earlier this month, Biogen struck a 10-year, $1-billion deal with Ionis Pharmaceuticals that brought Spinraza to Biogen, as well as some other pipeline candidates, to use Ionis' antisense technology to develop drug candidates for a broad range of neurological diseases.
The company also added to its pipeline through a deal with Pfizer for its schizophrenia drug PF-04958242, which now goes by the equally nonspecific name BIIB104.
The company repatriated $3.5 billion of cash and now is holding 85% of its $7.1 billion nest egg in the U.S.
Image source: Getty Images.
What management had to say
Despite the flat sales, the number of patients treated with Spinraza grew quarter over quarter, by 16% in the U.S. and 56% elsewhere. The problem is that due to the dosing schedule, patients get fewer doses once they reach the maintenance phase, as Biogen's chief financial officer Jeff Capello explained:
In the U.S., approximately 40% of Spinraza revenues in the first quarter were attributed to maintenance doses as compared to 25% in the fourth quarter. This correlates with a continued decline in the average doses per patient from 1.6 to 1.1 from Q4 last year to Q1 of this year.
Capello pointed out that the new-found cash, backed by greenbacks, give Biogen a lot of options:
Given our capital situation [and] our cash flow generation, we can both add to the pipeline -- both later-stage assets and mid-stage assets -- and also return capital to shareholders. And I do want to reiterate, we have $2.75 billion remaining under our share repurchase program, and we expect to be active on that front as well.
Looking forward
Biogen's multiple sclerosis drugs are important to the company's overall health since they make up about two-thirds of revenue, but they don't have to necessarily drive growth. Maintaining the status quo should be sufficient as long as Biogen can generate hits with its newer medications in other areas.
In the U.S., Spinraza revenue should hit an inflection point toward the end of the year after Biogen works through the previous bolus of patients, at which time the revenue from new patient starts will counteract the decreases from patients hitting the maintenance phase. Outside the U.S., expect Spinraza sales to continue to grow as Biogen secures reimbursement in more countries where many patients will transfer from being free-medication patients to revenue-generating patients.
The biggest pipeline readout this year likely will come from Alzheimer's disease drug BAN2401, which Biogen is developing with Eisai and is scheduled to read out in the third quarter. The more important late-stage Alzheimer's program for aducanumab isn't due out until 2020 or so.
Editor's note: In a previous version of this article, the columns in the table were mislabeled "Q4 2017" and "Q4 2016." The Fool regrets the error. | 2023-11-25T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/7546 |
/* Definitions for target OS TPF for GNU compiler, for IBM S/390 hardware
Copyright (C) 2003-2019 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Contributed by P.J. Darcy (darcypj@us.ibm.com),
Hartmut Penner (hpenner@de.ibm.com), and
Ulrich Weigand (uweigand@de.ibm.com).
This file is part of GCC.
GCC is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free
Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option) any later
version.
GCC is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with GCC; see the file COPYING3. If not see
<http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. */
#ifndef _TPF_H
#define _TPF_H
/* TPF wants the following macros defined/undefined as follows. */
#undef TARGET_TPF
#define TARGET_TPF 1
#undef ASM_APP_ON
#define ASM_APP_ON "#APP\n"
#undef ASM_APP_OFF
#define ASM_APP_OFF "#NO_APP\n"
#define TARGET_POSIX_IO
#undef SIZE_TYPE
#define SIZE_TYPE ("long unsigned int")
#undef PTRDIFF_TYPE
#define PTRDIFF_TYPE ("long int")
#undef WCHAR_TYPE
#define WCHAR_TYPE "int"
#undef WCHAR_TYPE_SIZE
#define WCHAR_TYPE_SIZE 32
/* TPF OS specific stack-pointer offset. */
#undef STACK_POINTER_OFFSET
#define STACK_POINTER_OFFSET 448
/* When building for TPF, set a generic default target that is 64 bits. Also
enable TPF profiling support and the standard backchain by default. */
#undef TARGET_DEFAULT
#define TARGET_DEFAULT (MASK_TPF_PROFILING | MASK_64BIT | MASK_ZARCH \
| MASK_HARD_DFP | MASK_BACKCHAIN)
/* Exception handling. */
/* Select a format to encode pointers in exception handling data. */
#undef ASM_PREFERRED_EH_DATA_FORMAT
#define ASM_PREFERRED_EH_DATA_FORMAT(CODE, GLOBAL) DW_EH_PE_absptr
/* TPF OS specific compiler settings. */
#undef TARGET_OS_CPP_BUILTINS
#define TARGET_OS_CPP_BUILTINS() \
do \
{ \
builtin_define_std ("tpf"); \
builtin_assert ("system=tpf"); \
builtin_define ("__ELF__"); \
} \
while (0)
#define EXTRA_SPECS \
{ "entry_spec", ENTRY_SPEC }
/* Make TPF specific spec file settings here. */
#undef STARTFILE_SPEC
#define STARTFILE_SPEC \
"%{mmain:crt0%O%s} crtbeginS%O%s crt3%O%s"
#undef ENDFILE_SPEC
#define ENDFILE_SPEC "crtendS%O%s"
#undef CC1_SPEC
#define CC1_SPEC "%{!fverbose-asm: -fverbose-asm}"
/* The GNU C++ standard library requires that these macros be defined. */
#undef CPLUSPLUS_CPP_SPEC
#define CPLUSPLUS_CPP_SPEC "-D_GNU_SOURCE %(cpp)"
/* Rewrite -march=arch* options to the original CPU name in order to
make it work with older binutils. */
#undef ASM_SPEC
#define ASM_SPEC \
"%{m31&m64}%{mesa&mzarch}%{march=z*}" \
"%{march=arch5:-march=z900}" \
"%{march=arch6:-march=z990}" \
"%{march=arch7:-march=z9-ec}" \
"%{march=arch8:-march=z10}" \
"%{march=arch9:-march=z196}" \
"%{march=arch10:-march=zEC12}" \
"%{march=arch11:-march=z13}" \
" -alshd=%b.lst"
#undef LIB_SPEC
#define LIB_SPEC "-lCTIS -lCISO -lCLBM -lCTAL -lCFVS -lCTBX -lCTXO \
-lCJ00 -lCTDF -lCOMX -lCOMS -lCTHD -lCTAD -lTPFSTUB"
#define ENTRY_SPEC "%{mmain:-entry=_start} \
%{!mmain:-entry=0}"
/* All linking is done shared on TPF-OS. */
/* FIXME: When binutils patch for new emulation is committed
then change emulation to elf64_s390_tpf. */
#undef LINK_SPEC
#define LINK_SPEC \
"-m elf64_s390 \
%{static:%estatic is not supported on TPF-OS} \
%{shared: -shared} \
%{!shared:-shared} \
%(entry_spec)"
/* IBM copies these libraries over with these names. */
#define MATH_LIBRARY "CLBM"
#define LIBSTDCXX "CPP1"
#undef TARGET_LIBC_HAS_FUNCTION
#define TARGET_LIBC_HAS_FUNCTION gnu_libc_has_function
/* GAS supports it, but the debuggers don't, so avoid it. */
#define SUPPORTS_DISCRIMINATOR 0
#endif /* ! _TPF_H */
| 2023-10-24T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/5777 |
Q:
toggle two images by fading
How can I toggle two images by fading using jQuery .fadeToggle method.
A:
You must put the 2 elements you want to crossfade one on top of the other by using position:absolute;. You begin by hiding one. To make a crossfade, you just run simultaneously a fadeToggle() on each of the 2 elements.
The HTML:
<div id="d1" style="background-color:red;"></div>
<div id="d2" style="background-color:blue;"></div>
<span>Click</span>
The CSS:
#d1, #d2 {position:absolute;
top:12px;
left:12px;
width:120px;
height:120px;}
span {position:absolute;
top:200px;
left:12px;
cursor:pointer;}
The Javascript:
$(document).ready(function(){
$("#d1").show();
$("#d2").hide();
$("span").click(function(){ // For demo's sake we attach the crossFade to a click event.
$("#d1").fadeToggle(500);
$("#d2").fadeToggle(500);
});
});
| 2024-06-14T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/8588 |
News Releases
Redstar To Raise Up To $525,000 Through A Private Placement
February 23, 2005
NOT FOR DISTRIBUTION TO US NEWSWIRE SERVICES OR FOR DISSEMINATION IN THE UNITED STATES
Redstar Gold Corp. (TSX.V:RGC) (the "Company") is pleased to report that it has agreed to terms of a private placement to raise gross proceeds of up to $525,000.
The Company will issue up to 3,000,000 Units at a price of $0.175 per Unit. Each Unit will consist of one common share and one share purchase warrant exercisable for a period of two years from the date of closing. Each share purchase warrant is exercisable to purchase one common share at price of $0.25 in year one and $0.30 in year two. If the closing price of the Company's shares exceeds $0.35 in year one (after the expiry of all hold periods) or $0.45 in year two for 20 consecutive trading days, the share purchase warrants must be exercised within 30 days of notice thereof from the Company, or they will expire.
A finder's fee equal to $0.015 per unit, or up to $45,000 in total, and 300,000 warrants, with terms identical to the warrants contained in the Units other than the forced exercise provision, will be paid and issued to Quest Securities Corporation in consideration of its efforts in finding accredited investors to subscribe to the placement.
The net proceeds from the private placement will be used for generating projects from the Company's Nevada geological database, exploration on the Company's Red Lake properties, and working capital purposes.
Completion of the private placement will be subject to the approval of the TSX Venture Exchange.
Quest Securities Corporation is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Quest Capital Corp. ("Quest"). Quest is a merchant banking organization that focuses on providing financial services, specifically bridge loans, to small and mid-cap companies in North America. Quest's primary expertise is providing asset backed commercial bridge loans of between $500,000 and $20,000,000 to publicly listed companies, generally operating in industries such as mining, oil and gas, manufacturing, real estate, and technology.
Redstar Gold Corp. is an aggressive mineral exploration company with interests in Nevada and Red Lake, Ontario that are prospective for gold. Redstar's partnerships include Anglogold Ashanti North America Inc. and Rubicon Minerals Corporation.
On Behalf of the Board,REDSTAR GOLD CORP."Scott Weekes"President
The TSX Venture Exchange has not reviewed and does not accept the responsibility for the adequacy or the accuracy of this news release.
This news release does not constitute an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy any of the securities in the United States of America. The securities have not been and will not be registered under the United States Securities Act of 1933 (the AU.S. Securities Act@) or any state securities laws and may not be offered or sold within the United States or to U.S. Persons (as defined in the U.S. Securities Act) unless registered under the U.S. Securities Act and applicable state securities laws, or an exemption from such registration is available.
TSX-V: RGC
OTC: RGCTF
Subscribe to our Email List
By providing your e-mail address, you are consenting to receive press releases, quarterly and annual reports, presentations and other information concerning Redstar Gold Corp. and its affiliates and partners. | 2023-12-05T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/8200 |
“It was as if her life had been brought to a full stop: she couldn't look forward, couldn't picture what tomorrow night bring.”
― Ragnar Jónasson | 2024-04-12T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/2172 |
Luxury Crate Mattress-Cappuccino Treats Microvelvet. Give your Crate a Chic New Look or use as Low Profile Bed in the Home ! We scroured the marketplace and could not find one quality crate mat. So we developed the luxury crate mattress. Dual layer support - tufted fibre top with a firm, upholstery grade foam insert. Durable, designer upholstery fabrics. Also a great space saver pet bed for those tight areas in the home, and especially good for tiled floors and mudrooms. Available in 5 sizes: SML (17"x23"x3"), MED (19"x30"x3", LRG (24"x36"x3"), XL (28"x42"x3", XXL (30"x48"x3") | 2024-03-20T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/4175 |
Q:
TypeScript write "if" in short
I am beginner web developer.
I am not good at English , sorry.
export class Vector{
protected x : number = 0
protected y : number = 0
protected z : number = 0
set(x?: number , y? : number , z? : number){
this.x = x ? x : this.x
this.y = y ? y : this.y
this.z = z ? z : this.z
}
}
I want to erase ":this.x" from "this.x = x ? x : this.x"
I want to write shortly , and I want to erase else part.
set(x?: number , y? : number , z? : number){
if(x){
this.x = x
}
}
I don't want to write like this.
Because it is not cool.
Anyone please tell me cool way to write this code.
--Add---
What I want to do is something like this.
set(x?: number , y? : number , z? : number){
this.x = x ? x : DO NOTHING(WRITE NOTHNG)
}
----------To Lars Holdaas----------
Here! Under the equal!
Saying ";" is required.
A:
Usually x && this.x=x would be the shortest syntax to get this done.
However x, y and z are all numbers. It's a bit dangerous to use this short-hand syntax for numbers. Consider the case where set is called with x=0. 0 && this.x=x would not execute this.x as 0 is falsey in Javascript. From reading your code this does not seem like what you want to achieve, instead you want to skip setting this.x in the case x is undefined.
In that case, I suggest the following code:
set(x?: number , y? : number , z? : number){
typeof x === 'number' && (this.x = x);
typeof y === 'number' && (this.y = y);
typeof z === 'number' && (this.z = z);
}
That way your set-function will support sending 0 as an argument, which it currently does not.
| 2024-04-30T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/8276 |
APTA Moves Forward With Development of an Alternative Payment System
A
new message from APTA President Paul A. Rockar Jr, PT, DPT, MS, and Steve
Levine, PT, DPT, MSHA, chair of the Alternative Payment System Task Force,
provides an update on the alternative payment system
(APS), now known as the physical therapy classification and payment system
(PTCPS), for outpatient physical therapy services. In their message, Rockar and
Levine outline the progression of the proposed payment model and the need for a
comprehensive plan "to maximize the opportunity for successful transition
to a physical therapy classification and payment system."
In
addition to the message, APTA members can access an executive summary and a
full report of the survey results that were used to refine the first APS
developmental draft, which was sent in spring 2012 to association members for
comment. The second developmental draft of the APS/PTCPS will be available to
members shortly.
APTA
expects to transition to a new outpatient therapy payment system by January 1, 2015.
Comments
In accord with my previous feedback on this payment system, I must reiterate that it will accomplish the opposite of some of the APTA's core value goals, while creating incentive to provide the least-skilled level of care, undermine our efforts to establish Physical Therapists as the "primary care providers of choice for neuromusculoskeletal disorders," and launch us backward in the progress we've made in establishing our autonomy and value in the outpatient physical therapy services world.
Please, Mr. Rockar and Mr. Levine, tell me, tell us all, how this will help those of in the outpatient world, who are not in a hospital or physician owned practice, and tell us all how this will actually improve the level of care for our patients. After reviewing the available information twice, I still do not understand how APS will be a good thing for patients and practitioners, outside of encouraging PT business owners to dilute their quality of care as much as possible to protect their profit margin.
Mr. Levine and Mr. Rockar, I have been an APTA member for many years, and you are not listening to us, you do not have our, or our patients', best interest fully in mind with this proposal. I don't know how to get in touch with you directly, so if you don't respond to this request publicly, maybe someone reading this can clue you in. You can reach me at Bruk@RealRehab.com.
Posted by Kenneth Ballenger -> >FWaDK
on 3/15/2013 3:53 PM
Call me doubtful. When insurance companies are left unchecked, they will continue to set payment as they wish and able to get by with reducing payments by 17% in one fell swoop (as we recently experienced with Humana). It's a joke...should hedge my bets by taking stock in every health insurance company. They know what they are doing to maximize profits for themselves.
Posted by Greg Given
on 3/15/2013 4:41 PM
Kenneth, your email would not go through, returned as undeliverable.
Steve Levine is the principle at FearonLevine.com and his email is stevelevine@FearonLevine.com
Email him and he is good at returning emails. We would like to know what he said.
Posted by Karen Nugent
on 3/15/2013 8:46 PM
My fear is reimbursement reductions will force us to compromise our care. If a patient needs basic unsupervised exercises no problem. But labor intensive professional services such as manual therapy, dry needling, ASTYM, etc. will be provided at an additional cost.
Posted by Charles Hollier
on 3/16/2013 7:25 AM
Agree with Kenneth Ballenger's well-spoken critique of Rockar and Levine's payment system.
Further, the 1990 Resource Based Relative Value System (RBRVS) upon which the Medicare Physicians' Fee Schedule is based was designed to reward "the thinking component of the physician-patient encounter".
The APTA Alternative Payment System uses similar language to justify its creation. Supposedly, physical therapists will conduct skilled physical therapy tests and measurements to justify the higher level APS codes (12 in all).
Instead of reward "thinking", however, the RBRVS rewards procedures.
The period of the 1990's and the first decades of the twenty first century has seen (until recently) unparalleled medical cost increases. In part, because the RBRVS has created "code inflation" whereby physicians are incentivized to code the highest level Evaluation and Management (E&M) code.
Ironically, Electronic Medical Records (EMR) use 'cut-and-paste' features to quickly puff up physicians' notes that can justify the higher level E&M codes.
One of the primary authors of the APTA Alternative Payment System owns and sells an EMR whose main feature appears to be defense against Medicare audits.
I can only imagine how future EMRs will puff up PT notes with cut and paste to allow the highest level APS code.
Tim
Posted by Tim Richardson
on 3/16/2013 6:54 PM
I find this interesting as the APTA is bending over backwards to compromise, because they have no business sense. Lets look at the AMA, every MD is required to be a member and they make sure every MD gets paid, sticking to policy to ensure that occurs. AMA threatens congress that MD's will not see medicare patients, and congress kicks the law or abandons it. We as PT's have no such unity nor is APTA's interest to keep outpatient clinics viable. Hospital's do not want OP PT due to financial profitability. How do owners of private practice pay their staff? Run a sweatshop see 20-30 patients a day to run down your therapist until they're on disability. Then try to create more "cash" programs to counter the cuts in reimbursement. Universities pump out PT students who they've made their money via loans and education. What are new grads to do? Researchers get grants and keep pumping out articles. What is the workforce to do? Get ready for functional reporting, take 50% MPPR cuts, have private insurers pay PT less then what personal trainers make, because is that what we are in insurance companies eyes?
I tell our volunteers/aides find another profession,
I'm a proud PT and is my passion but it will never bring financial security. I have another career to make money and PT has become a hobby I gladly enjoy.
Posted by NP
on 3/17/2013 1:48 AM
Everyone is a critic, but no one has any better solutions. The timed code system is quite outdated and requires extensive utilization of our and the patients time. More time does not equate to better outcomes as many articles describing over treatment of LBP have displayed. Providing quality, efficient care should be at the forefront of any and all health care professionals and they should not be obligated to spend a required amount of time with patients simply to get paid. The business sense of physical therapist is quite lacking, if you don't like the insurance contracts then don't sign them and go out of network or cash based. I don't mean to play devil's advocate, but there is plenty of money to be made if you know what your doing. Take a couple business classes, improve your manual therapy and you'll be just fine.
Posted by Noah
on 3/18/2013 12:01 PM
I fully agree with NP. Our organization is failing private practice PT's today and the whole arena of Physical Therapy as we move forward. The APTA over the past few years has been wrapped up with a "doctoring" profession but lost sight of our true skill set and value to the medicine. As a master clinician and clinic owner I see my expertise and skill being devalued as medicine continues to change and I see no support from the APTA. Physical Therapists are known to be caring, compassionate people but come on folks....we should get paid for our services at a rate that reflects our education and expertise. Frankly, I am glad I am in the twighlite of my career and have other venues of opportunity.
Posted by CK
on 3/19/2013 9:35 AM
Mr. Levine was kind enough to contact me directly through email, which I appreciate. I've posted it below. However, my questions were not answered. So I'm posting my reply to Mr. Levine below as well, hoping to be more clear on my questions;
"Mr. Ballenger,
I have read your post below that was placed on the APTA Community in response to the PTNow article: APTA Moves Forward With Development of an Alternative Payment System
I would be happy to have a conversation with you to better understand your thoughts on this matter as well as provide you with an overview of the current health policy environment that has resulted in the development of the current model and the data-driven activities that have brought APTA to this point in the process. We have collected extensive data from members in all settings, including most in private practice, who are very supportive of the overall direction of the APS, now called the Physical Therapy Classification and Payment System (PTCPS), and I would be happy to provide you some of that information as well.
Also, on the same website where you posted your comment to the PTNow article is a direct link to all APTA Board members, which includes our direct email addresses, so feel free to use that contact information whenever you would like to contact Dr. Rockar or any board member. As volunteer leaders elected to serve the best interests of the profession, this contact information is available for just this purpose.
If you would like to arrange a time to talk, please email me some times that you would be available, and I would be happy to arrange a time to discuss this issue.
Regards,
Steve"
Steve,
Thank you for your response. I was a bit surprised to be honest. I was even more surprised by direct emails that I received from grateful peers around the country that feel the same way I do.
You don’t need to have a conversation with me, you need to have a conversation with the public, and answer the questions in my post below.
How does PTCPS improve our autonomy?
How does this contribute to establishing ourselves as primary care providers of choice for neuromusculoskeletal disorders?
How will PTCPS improve the level of care that our patients receive, or rather, how will it promote anything other than minimizing the quality contact time that a therapist has with a patient?
How will this improve our already-low reimbursement?
There are many of us in the private practice world that fight like mad to be able to practice in accordance with Vision 20/20. We are the ones driving the slowly building awareness and positive reputation of the physical therapy industry in the outpatient world. It takes a massive amount of effort, sacrifice, and money to do so, and I just don’t see how PTCPS is going to help us in our battles to achieve Vision 20/20. I don’t have a hospital system behind me to fall back on for resources, and I haven’t sold out to any physician groups either. So how about those of us out there struggling to continue to provide the quality service that our patients deserve, how is PTCPS going to help us do that?
I have been enrolled in the Evidence In Motion Private Practice Management DPT course for the past several months, and as I gain more insight into running a private practice, I feel stumped when trying to figure out how PTCPS is going to be anything other than a threat to our survival.
I would encourage you to post this, with your responses, on the same page as my original posting.
Bruk Ballenger
Posted by Bruk Ballenger
on 3/19/2013 3:20 PM
Dear Mr. Ballenger: Payment has always been a hotly debated topic. When the APTA Board of Directors first endorsed the development of an alternative payment system for outpatient physical therapist services in 2011, we expected -- and welcomed – intense interest and differing perspectives from our members. We knew that without honest input from our members working in practice today, we could not develop a classification and payment system that accurately reflects and accounts for the needs of physical therapists and patients. We sincerely appreciate your questions and concerns, and we remain committed to an open and active dialogue on the proposal as it is further refined and developed. As we all know, physical therapists across the country are facing unprecedented challenges in the form of increased regulations and payment cuts. In addition to Medicare cuts that will go into effect April 1 as the result of the recent sequestration, the profession will also be faced with additional decreases in payment through the multiple procedure payment reduction. These cuts will also go into effect April 1 unless Congress acts to delay implementation. APTA has advocated intensely against these unjustified and capricious policies, and we will continue to do so. However, in the absence of congressional action, it is becoming more and more clear that payment reform is inevitable, and APTA needs to be a leader in advancing an alternative payment model that best represents the clinical expertise physical therapists can bring to the health care system. The Balanced Budget Act of 1997 mandated an alternative to the Medicare therapy cap. It was the APTA Board of Directors’ decision to collaborate with internal and external stakeholders to develop a system that best describes today’s physical therapist’s interactions with patients, rather than having a system thrust upon us by those who do not adequately understand our education, skills, knowledge, and expertise. (Continued …)
(Continuing …) As we know from health reform proposals being advanced from both ends of the political spectrum, payment in the future will be based on data that demonstrates value and patient engagement. Providers will be required to report their outcomes, and they will get paid accordingly. APTA embraces a change from today’s system -- which relies simply on performing procedures and modalities without any link to their impact on a patient’s functional improvement -- to a new model that rewards providers who provide the best known care to the right patient at the right time. This is the objective of APTA’s proposed alternative payment system, now known as the physical therapy classification and payment system (PTPCS). All along, our goal has been to reform payment for outpatient physical therapy services to improve quality of care, recognize and promote the clinical judgment of the physical therapist, and provide policymakers and payers with an accurate payment system that ensures the integrity of medically necessary services. To do this, we must transition from the current fee-for-service, procedural-based payment system to a per session payment system. APTA believes that a system that categorizes patients based on the severity of their condition and intensity of the interventions required better reflects the professional clinical reasoning/judgment and decision making by the physical therapist, improves provider compliance, reduces administrative burdens surrounding current payment models, and is consistent with and enhances payer recognition of the value of physical therapist-directed care. (Continued…)
(Continuing…) The guiding principles of the PTCPS, when understood in the context of the likely future of payment for physical therapy services, are representative of the majority's thoughts based on survey responses provided by the membership. Understandably, it is the nature of how we get to these goals that presents challenges in communicating to colleagues when movement in this arena is occurring day-to-day if not minute-to-minute, in the midst of an unbelievably challenging payment environment.
To achieve this reformed payment system for outpatient physical therapist services, changes to the existing Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) coding system, which describes services based on 15-minute time-based units and direct one on one contact, would be necessary. We understand that establishing new codes that physical therapists report for their services will be a significant change that will require therapists to learn the new codes and update billing systems. This process will require us to abandon hard earned and hard set ways of practicing and managing that will no longer work in the environment we are in the midst of navigating. We certainly understand the volatility of the current environment and the fear that “the devil you know” will be better than the “devil you don’t,” and we realize this may cause some to question the direction of the model being proposed by APTA. But please know that we have been engaged with this process for several years and have obtained advice and participation from some of the best payment and regulatory experts in the country. (Continued…)
(Continuing…) While no proposed system will be perfect or accepted by everyone based on individual biases and continuous displays of unwarranted variation in the practice of physical therapy, we believe the proposal that is now being considered by the AMA Workgroup represents the best possible option for the implementation of a payment system that most accurately reflects contemporary physical therapist practice. Further, with elimination of many of the existing codes that therapists report and the many associated edits, we believe that administrative burden will be reduced. This bundled approach to the codes will result in more appropriate valuation of therapy services that better reflects the patient's condition and the clinical judgment of the therapist. APTA’s objective is to provide the best system forward that improves quality of care, recognizes the value of physical therapist services, and ensures appropriate accountability for all health care providers. APTA is committed to helping its members manage the current challenging environment, while also positioning the profession appropriately for the health care system of the future. We encourage you to continue to engage and participate in the solution to payment reform. Sincerely, Paul A. Rockar Jr, PT, DPT, MS, President, American Physical Therapy Association, and Stephen M. Levine, PT, DPT, MSHA, Chair, Alternative Payment System Task Force | 2024-03-28T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/1076 |
The chief of Russia’s central bank has reportedly spoken out against regulation that would classify cryptocurrency as a traditional financial instrument.
In comments last week at an event in Sochi, Bank of Russia governor Elvira Nabiullina, who previously served as President Vladimir Putin’s economic adviser, she said she specifically opposes any policy that would deem the technology comparable to foreign currency, payment instruments or “monetary assets,” though she stopped short of suggesting what determination she would ultimately support.
According to Sputnik, Nabiullina said:
“We are categorically opposed to introducing cryptocurrencies in regulation as a monetary asset, an asset used to pay for goods and services, are against equating it with foreign currencies, because … there is foreign currency, there are states that produce it, there are economies and central banks that are behind it.”
That same day, another official from the Bank of Russia, deputy governor Dmitry Skobelkin, also took a hard-line approach when speaking with reporters after a meeting with representatives of the Chinese government, according to Bloomberg.
“China doesn’t recognize cryptocurrency as payment and forbids ICOs,” he said. “Our views are absolutely similar. In our view, it’s a sort of a financial pyramid that may collapse at any moment.”
But while notable, it’s important to remember that the Bank of Russia, though overseeing monetary policy, does not regulate domestic financial policy (a task overseen by the Ministry of Finance) or introduce new laws (a responsibility of the Russian parliament).
Nonetheless, the comments come at a time when all three groups continue to deliberate how best to regulate the emerging technology. Already, regulation on cryptocurrency trading is expected this year, which could result in some kind of specific definition for cryptocurrencies under state law.
A senior official from the State Duma, Russia’s national legislature, recently predicted that work on this front will be completed by the end of the fall.
Editor’s Note: Statements in this article were translated from Russian.
Elvira Nabiullina image via ID1974/Shutterstock | 2024-06-28T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/1043 |
Shakespeare in the Park is alive and well in Asheville!
Outside my window rain is pouring down and the thunder rumbling through the mountains brings to mind the tale of Rip Van Winkle and the giants bowling in the hills. It may be raining today but we are glad of it. It’s been clear, warm and sunny for over a week and our plants could use the type of long, slow, drink they are receiving today. Summer has begun in Asheville, North Carolina, and our Bed and Breakfast is filled with guests who have come to enjoy the many festivals, amazing food and wonderful outdoor activities of the surrounding area. And last night, James and I were fortunate enough to enjoy all three of these activities at the same time.
Earlier in the day we had stopped in town, and bought some over-the-top good goat milk Camembert from Goat Lady Dairy , some crusty bread from Dough (which makes amazing baguettes), a rotisserie chicken and some tabbouleh from Greenlife, and a bottle of rose wine for a picnic. We put out some hors d’oeurves and wine for our guests, left the inn in the capable hands of Sara, our assistant, and made the short walk over to the Hazel Robinson Amphitheater. Yes, you guessed it–we were going to the first summer production of the Montford Park Players, Shakespeare’s The Tempest. I can almost hear you thinking “Shakespeare again? Why does she keep going on about this? I’m not a fan of Shakespeare!” But I beg your indulgence and ask you to stick with me just a little longer.
It was a beautiful summer evening with the sun low in the sky and not too hot. When we arrived, the crew was busy putting finishing touches on the set. We found John Russell, Managing Director, setting up “Shakespeare’s Bar” and slipped him a check for our annual contribution to the Troupe. ( Did I mention that the performances are free? You can bring your own chair, sit on the grass, or rent one for $2. You can bring your own picnic or
John Russell, Managing Director of the Players
purchase food and drinks from the concession. They do pass the hat during the intermission but the choice to donate or not is up to you.) John was instrumental in the conception and creation of the Montford Park Player’s Special which James and he cooked up for the Carolina Bed & Breakfast as well as the Asheville Bed & Breakfast Association. When our guests opts to take part in the performance, John is there to welcome them and guide them through the process. His warm and gracious personality is as much a part of the evening as the show.
The Montford "Moppets" onstage
This evening was a special one. Ashleigh Millett, who has studied theater both here and in the UK, has teamed with the Players to offer a series of acting classes for young adultsages twelve to fifteen. The series culminates in a Shakespearean performance; in this case, they were performing “A Midsummer Night’s Dream” (abridged) as a pre-show to the evening’s play. My friends know that I spent many years in Singapore working with teens in theater and have a deep love of the process and belief that the experience of working together on a show can be vastly rewarding so it’s no wonder that I made a point of being there to show my support. It was completely worth it. The kids clearly had worked hard and loved what they were doing and the audience support was strong!
These young actors clearly were enjoying themselves
The brief pre-show being over, James and I tucked into our picnic while the stage was set for The Tempest. From the minute Prospero (Jim Slautich) began to speak, I knew this production would be a special one. His deep and sonorous voice filled the amphitheater and his talent was evident from the beginning. As an English Major in College, I am embarrassed to admit that not only had I never seen The Tempest I also had not read it. I was coming to the performance with as little knowledge of the story as I imagine at least some of the audience but the acting was such that it was easy to understand and follow and it moved quickly with much humor and great staging.
The Tempest begins!
There is something special about walking home at night after a performance outside. You may have felt it when leaving a firework display or a concert. As you get farther from the venue, the crowd thins and the evening closes around you. Home beckons down the round and there is a feeling of contentment from an evening well-spent. James and I both hope that you will consider devoting one of your evening in Asheville to the Montford Park Players and Shakespeare in the Park.
Montford Park Players 2013 Season: Outdoors at the Hazel Robinson Amphitheatre Fridays-Sundays May 9-September 14. Winter Season at the Asheville Masonic Temple October and December. | 2024-06-11T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/4098 |
Thekla Reuten
Thekla Simona Gelsomina Reuten (born 16 September 1975) is a Dutch actress.
Life and career
Reuten was born in Bussum, Netherlands, the daughter of a Dutch father, economist and politician Geert Reuten, and an Italian mother, who was born in Benabbio near Bagni di Lucca. She studied acting at the Amsterdamse Hogeschool voor de Kunsten in Amsterdam. During the last year of her studies, she assumed leading roles in Dutch film and theatre productions. Early in her career, she won the ‘Shooting Star Award’ of the Berlinale (Berlin Film Festival) for her portrayal of Lotte in the film Twin Sisters, which was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film. Subsequent roles included In Bruges with Colin Farrell, Hotel Lux with Bully Herbig, and The American alongside George Clooney, as well as the political thriller Waffenstillstand (‘Ceasefire’). Other films include De Trip van Teetje (Tate's Voyage), Kruimeltje (Little Crumb), Rosenstraße, Una Bellezza Che Non Lascia Scampo (‘An Inescapable Beauty’), and Iedereen beroemd! (Everybody’s Famous!), which was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film.
Reuten's television work includes Hidden (BBC, Great Britain), Restless (BBC, Great Britain), and Sleeper Cell (Showtime, USA). She has performed in Johan Simons’ production Fall of the Gods at the Salzburg Festival and the Ruhr Triennial, as well as in Rufus Norris’ Blood Wedding at the Almeida Theatre in London, alongside Gael Garcia Bernal.
Reuten speaks five languages: German, English, French, Dutch, and Italian.
On March 18, 2019, it was announced that Reuten was cast as Jillian Salvius in the upcoming Netflix fantasy series, Warrior Nun.
Filmography
1996: Verhalen uit de bijbel, ‘de man op de ezel' (Director: Rein van Schagen)
1997: Arends (Director: Jelle Nesna)
1998: Baantjer, episode De Cock en de moord op de heks (Director: Pollo de Pimentel)
1998: Tate's Voyage (Director: Paula van der Oest)
1998: Het 14e kippetje (Director: Hany Abu-Assad)
1998: Wij, Alexander (Director: Rimko Haanstra)
1999: De rode zwaan (Director: Martin Lagestee)
1999: Klokhuis (Director: Niek Barendsen and Barbera Bredero)
1999: Kruimeltje (Director: Maria Peters)
1999: Moët und Chandon (Director: Marc de Cloe)
2000: Iedereen beroemd! (Director: Dominique Deruddere)
2000: De zwarte Meteoor (Director: Guido Pieters)
2001: Chalk (Director: Diederik van Rooijen)
2001: De Acteurs (Director: Bram van Splunteren)
2001: Una bellezza che non lascia scampo (Director: Francesca Pirani)
2002: Bella Bettien (Director: Hans Pos)
2002: Twin Sisters (De Tweeling) (Director: Ben Sombogaart)
2002: Spagaat (Director: Hans Pos)
2003: Brush with Fate (Director: Brent Shields)
2003: Mijn zusje Zlata (Director: Roel Welling)
2003: Parels & Zwijnen (Director: Diederik van Rooijen)
2003: Rosenstraße (Rosenstrasse) (Director: Margarethe von Trotta)
2004: Co/Ma (Director: Roel Welling)
2004: De Band (Director: Albert Jan van Rees)
2004: (Director: Rudi van den Bossche)
2005: Not She - Film Installation (Director: Ine Lamers)
2005: Smachten - Boy meets Girl Stories (Director: Mark de Cloe)
2006: Boks, ‘De verdwenen Van Gogh’ (Director: Hans Pos)
2006: Ober (Director: Alex van Warmerdam)
2006: Sleeper Cell, II. Season (Director: Charles S. Dutton, Leslie Libman, Nick Gomez)
2007: Highlander: The Source (Director: Brett Leonard)
2008: In Bruges (Director: Martin McDonagh)
2008: In Transit (Director: Tom Roberts)
2008: Lost - IV. Season (Director: Jack Bender)
2008: The Silent Army (Director: Jean van de Velde)
2009: Ceasefire (Director: Lancelot von Naso)
2010: Day One (Director: Alex Graves)
2010: The American (Director: Anton Corbijn)
2011: Hotel Lux (Director: Leander Haußmann)
2012: Hidden (Director: Niall MacCormick)
2012: Restless (Director: Edward Hall)
2013: Da geht noch was (Director: Holger Haase)
2013: Speelmann (Director: Klaartje Quirijns)
2013: Het Diner (Director: Menno Meyjes)
2015: Atlantic. (Director: Jan-Willem van Ewijk)
2015: De Reünie (Director: Menno Meyjes)
2015: Home Suite Home (Director: Jeroen Houben) (short film)
2015: L’Angelo di Sarajevo (Director: Enzo Monteleone)
2015: Schone Handen (Director: Tjebbo Penning)
2015: The Legend of Longwood (Director: Lisa Mulcahy)
2017: Stan Lee's Lucky Man
2018: Red Sparrow
Theater (selection)
1997: Susn by Herbert Achternbusch as 'Suus' at Brakke Grond Atsterdat, Festival aan zee Oostende and Theater Kikker Utrecht (Director: Jeroen Wilems)
1998: The Comedy of Seduction by Arthur Schnitzler as 'Gilda' at Het Nationale Toneel (Director: Ger Thijs)
1999: The Dresser by Ronald Harwood as 'Irene' at Hummelinck Stuurman (Director: Tom Jansen)
1999: Fall of the Gods by Luchino Visconti and Tom Blokdijk as 'Bediende', 'Lisa' and 'Dirndl' at Hollandia and zu den Salzburger Festspiele and zur Ruhr Triennale (Director: Johan Simons and Paul Koek)
2001: The House of Bernarda Alba by Federico García Lorca as 'Adela' at Het Nationale Toneel (Director: Johan Doesburg)
2004: Braatbos by Willem Jan Otten as 'Nana' at Het Toneel Speelt (Director: Willem van de Sande Bakhuyzen)
2005: Blood Wedding by Federico García Lorca as 'Braut' at Almeida Theater (Director: Rufus Norris)
Voice-Over (dubbing)
2004: Shark Tale (Dutch Voice-Over of Angie) (Director: Kellie Allred)
2007: Bee Movie (Dutch Voice-Over of Vanessa Bloome) (Director: Steve Hickner, Simon J. Smith)
2014: How to Train Your Dragon (Dutch Voice-Over ‘Valka’) (Director: Dean DeBlois)
Awards (Selection)
1997: Encouragement Award at Belgian Theatre Festival 'Theater aan Zee' for Susn
1997: Philip Morris Scholarship (Nomination) for Susn
1998: Golden Calf Award (Nomination) for Best Actress in De Trip van het Teetje
1998: NOS Culture Award (Nomination) for Best Actress
2004: European Shooting Star of the Berlinale for outstanding performance in Twin Sisters
2009: Rembrandt Award (Nomination) for Best Actress in The Silent Army
References
External links
New York Times filmography of Thekla Reuten
Thekla Reuten at Virtual History
Category:1975 births
Category:Dutch film actresses
Category:Dutch television actresses
Category:Living people
Category:People from Bussum
Category:Dutch stage actresses
Category:20th-century Dutch actresses
Category:21st-century Dutch actresses
Category:Dutch people of Italian descent
Category:People of Tuscan descent
Category:Actresses of Italian descent | 2024-04-19T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/6245 |
In Ewing v. Sellinger, 758 So. 2d 1196 (Fla. 4th DCA 2000), the Fourth District ruled that a directed verdict in favor of a physician in a malpractice case was warranted because the course of treatment which plaintiff’s experts opined was necessary to meet the standard of care should have been carried out by a physician who testified that even if he were alerted to the need for the care, he would not have provided that care. At page 1003, the Court stated:
“Dr. Anderson, who was the on-call physician at the
hospital on the night of Ewing’s labor, testified that
based upon his review of the patient, if he had been
asked at any point during her labor to intervene in
Ewing’s care and had reviewed the fetal monitor
strips, he would not have elected to perform a
c-section, as the labor was progressing adequately.
Thus, what Ewing failed to do, i.e., continue
Ewing’s supervision under the care of a physician,
would not have affected the outcome in the instant
case because the physician who was available
to intervene and perform a c-section testified that
he would not have done so.”
That opinion ignores the strong feelings that physicians have regarding malpractice and the penchant for some physicians to testify favorably on behalf of other physicians even if it means saying that they themselves would not have met the standard of care. It is a simple matter for a physician who has no fear of being sued because the statute of limitations has passed to give an opinion, whether genuine or not, that the course of conduct he would have followed had he been alerted to the need to provide care would not have altered the outcome of plaintiff’s injury. If the Fourth District’s opinion stands, it provides a convenient insulation for doctors regarding their malpractice.
The Fifth District has now joined the Third District in rejecting this interpretation of the law. In Goolsby v. Qazi, 847 So. 2d 1001 (Fla. 5th DCA 2003), a directed verdict was rendered on behalf of a radiologist who apparently misread a newborn’s x-rays as ruling out congenital hip dysplasia. In fact, the child had the dysplasia and because she never had the appropriate treatment to reduce her hip joints properly, she had numerous operations and will require more in the future. The trial judge granted Qazi’s motion for directed verdict on the grounds that the plaintiff failed to show that the pediatrician who received Qazi’s report did not testify that had she been informed of the correct diagnosis, her treatment would have changed. Qazi cited the Ewing case, supra, in support of his position that the directed verdict was required in the absence of testimony which would have shown that the physician would have altered her treatment had the correct diagnosis been made. The Fifth District reversed, refusing to follow Ewing and instead relying upon the Third District’s opinion in Munoz v. South Miami Hospital, Inc., 764 So. 2d 854 (Fla. 3rd DCA 2000) holding that it is not plaintiff’s responsibility to prove that the correct treatment would have been offered if the standard of care had been followed. The Goolsby Court held:
“We disagree with Ewing if it means that the
negligent failure to diagnose a condition
cannot be the cause of damages if a subsequent
treater testifies that he would have shrugged
off the correct diagnosis. . . .
Instead, we agree with the majority in Munoz v.
South Miami Hospital, Inc., 764 So.2d 854 (Fla.
3rd DCA 2000):
And it is not for the defendants, who
putatively violated their standard of
care by failing to warn, to argue that
their not doing so had no effect on
the situation, when their doing the
appropriate thing would have removed
all doubt. As was said in Seley v. G.D.
Searle & Co., [67 Ohio St.2d 192, 423
N.E. 2d 831 (Ohio 1981)]:
[O]nly speculation can support
the assumption that an
adequate warning, properly
communicated, would not have
influenced the course of
conduct adopted by a physician,
even where the physician had
previously received the
information contained therein.
‘What the doctor might or
might not have done had he
been adequately warned is not
an element plaintiff must prove
as a part of her case.’
(citing cases). Id. at 857.
We reverse the judgment in favor of Qazi because
the Goolsbys were not obliged to prove that the
pediatrician would not have been negligent, or the
precise steps the pediatrician would have taken to
insure the health of her patient, if Qazi’s reading
had been positive for hip dysplasia.”
The Fourth District’s opinion in Ewing is troubling because it invites physicians to come to their colleague’s aid by testifying in a manner which insulates them from liability. For now, it is the law of this District. Eventually the Supreme Court will have to resolve the apparent conflict between that case and the Goolsby and Munoz cases cited above. | 2023-10-20T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/5098 |
[Relationship between maximum arterial pressure response to exercise and left ventricular hypertrophy in normotensive subjects].
To determine whether normotensive persons with increases of systolic blood pressure with exercise have left ventricular hypertrophy and/or diastolic disfunction. A cross-sectional study, using echocardiography as a measurement of left ventricular hypertrophy and diastolic disfunction, was made among healthy population: 53 men, voluntary office workers from a firm and conscript army recruits, aged between 19 and 51 (mean 28, SD = 10.3) who were subjected to the exercise test and the echocardiography. Twelve people (22.6%) with left ventricular mass index superior to 134 g/m2; and five (9.4%) with a systolic response during exercise higher than 210 mm of Hg. The multiple linear regression showed an association between maximum systolic blood pressure with exercise and the left ventricular mass index in the entire group of subjects (R2 = 18.4%: p < 0.01), but a modification effect with age was detected: no association was found (R2 = 2.8%; p = 0.37) among people under 25 (n = 30), but one was found among the older subjects (R2 = 28.8%; p < 0.01). Diastolic disfunction was associated with age, baseline heart rate and resting diastolic blood pressure (R2 = 64.3%; p < 0.01). In normotensive subjects, the finding of an exaggerated blood pressure response to exercise could be related to left ventricular hypertrophy. | 2024-06-27T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/9509 |
Antimony(i) → Pd(ii) complexes with the (μ-Sb)Pd2 coordination framework.
The reaction of the antimony(i) compound ArSb (1) (where Ar = C6H3-2,6-(CH[double bond, length as m-dash]NtBu)2) with various dimeric allyl palladium(ii) complexes [Pd(η3-allyl)(μ-X)]2 (where allyl = C3H5 or C3H4Me; X = Cl or CF3CO2) in a 1 : 1 stoichiometric ratio gave unique complexes with the μ-ArSb moiety bridging two palladium fragments, i.e. [{Pd(η3-C3H5)Cl}2(μ-ArSb)] (2), [{Pd(η3-C3H4Me)Cl}2(μ-ArSb)] (3) and [{Pd(η3-C3H5)(CF3CO2)}2(μ-ArSb)] (4). Compound 1 serves formally as a 4e donor in 2-4. The treatment of 2 with another equivalent of ArSb led to the formation of the [Pd(η3-C3H5)(Cl)(μ-ArSb)] complex (5), proving that 1 is able to function as a 2e donor in target complexes as well. The structures of 2-5 were described in detail both in solution (NMR and mass spectrometry) and in the solid state (single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis). DFT methods were used to compare bonding in the 1 : 1 (5) and 1 : 2 (2) complexes. Furthermore, a comprehensive 121Sb Mössbauer spectroscopic investigation of complexes 2 and 5 along with parent ArSbCl2 (6) and 1 was performed. For comparison, complexes [Fe(CO)4(ArSb)] (7) and [Mo(CO)5(ArSb)] (8) were also included in this study. | 2024-03-16T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/4353 |
Pallets
Flat wooden pallets and lids to the flat wooden pallets
Flat wooden pallets are designed to form transport packets with the mechanized processes of movement, warehousing and transportation by road and rail.
For their manufacturing used softwood lumber, class 2, 3, 4.
Packaging and the formation of transport packets of flat wooden palletsand lids to the flat wooden pallets.
During wooden pallets transportation by vehicles flat and lids to flat wooden pallets stacked in a pile.
The height of a stack depends on the type of vehicle in which the pile will be transported to the consumer,
as well as the method of forming a stack (with the coup pan at 180 ° or not) and must be within 1,3-1,5 m.
When forming the pile caps to the flat wooden pallets, lids (27 - 28 pcs.) Stacked on a pallet.
A pile of contracts to a number of polypropylene tapes near the middle support pallet.
In order to avoid bearing failure and damage to surfaces on the edges of package under the belt polypropylene tape, stacked plastic corners in amount of 2 pcs.
For tightening and consolidate all polypropylene tape used metal casing clamp.
The shape and size of the package should provide the mechanization of loading and unloading operations, as well as reliability and stability of the vehicle. | 2023-12-01T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/5205 |
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THE CONSPIRACY:
THE CONSPIRACY THEORISTS: There’s speculation that rival political operatives have revived the list. It’s also received a nod from conservative commentators such as Sean Hannity and Ann Coulter, who quipped, “If you attack the Clintons publicly, make sure all your friends know that you are not planning suicide.”
MEANWHILE, BACK ON EARTH: As we went to press, Coulter had not yet offed herself.
Kookiness Rating: (1=maybe they’re on to something, 5=break out the tinfoil hat!) | 2023-10-22T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/7472 |
Sean Haugh, the 53-year-old pizza deliveryman and Libertarian Party candidate who is polling at 8% of voters in the North Carolina Senate race, has just passed a $5,000 in donations threshold requiring him to file his candidacy with the Federal Election Commission, his spokeswoman said.
That Haugh, who polls show takes most of his support from the Republican nominee, Thom Tillis, has only just received $5,000 in donations underscores that his campaign has virtually no infrastructure or personnel, despite receiving enough support to potentially alter the outcome of the election.
According to the FEC website, “[i]f you are running for the U.S. House, Senate or the Presidency, you must register with the FEC once you (or persons acting on your behalf) receive contributions or make expenditures in excess of $5,000. Within 15 days of reaching that $5,000 threshold, you must file a Statement of Candidacy authorizing a principal campaign committee to raise and spend funds on your behalf. Within 10 days of that filing, your principal campaign committee must submit a Statement of Organization.”
Haugh’s campaign manager, Rachel Mills, said “I think that is forthcoming. I think we just passed the threshold.”
His official website, seanhaugh.com, redirects to a website constructed at NationBuilder.com. A disclaimer at the bottom of the website says it is “Paid for by Duck Duck Goose.” At that site, Haugh solicits funds for his campaign.
Haugh last filed a report with the FEC in 2002, when he previously ran for the U.S. Senate in North Carolina as the Libertarian Party candidate. Haugh filed two reports that year, which showed that he raised a total of $1,290 for his Senate campaign. He received 33,807 votes, or 1.5% in the election that was won by Republican Elizabeth Dole, who defeated Democrat Erskine Bowles by a 53.5% to 45% margin.
Image Source: YouTube/Sean Haugh | 2024-06-08T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/8198 |
It was really May 6th but in honor of May 5th which apparently is of little significance in most part of Mexico but is significant in America. The holiday is a celebration of Mexican pride in the U.S. and is apparently also celebrated in Puebla, Mexico. Called El Día de la Batalla de Puebla (English: The Day of the Battle of Puebla) commemorating the Mexican army’s victory over French forces at the Battle of Puebla on May 5, 1862, under the leadership of General Ignacio Zaragoza Seguín. I learned this from our friend Issa Lopez (who came to dinner) and as confirmed by Wikipedia. In any event, I celebrated (most any reason for celebration is good by me – within reason). That said… Dusty Rhodes (aka neighbor Gary) had his mom in town from Missouri this weekend and so they came for dinner with Dusty’s girlfriend Elyse, and their/our friends Issa and Gabriel. And then I panicked. What was I thinking? Issa and Gabriel are from Mexico City and not without food sophistication. I hoped for the best (that they might drink lots of the Margaritas that Gary said he was bringing). Didn’t work. They didn’t drink a bunch but they did go back for a second round of the Pork Chile Verde (“PCV”) so when they told me it was delicious I believed them. So relieved….
I adapted this recipe from the Pork Chile Verde recipe from yummly.com
Husk and remove the stems and rinse the tomatillos. They are beautiful critters those tomatillos. Put them in a big pot with water to cover.
Rinse the chiles, remove the stems, slice in half, either leave the seeds in or take them out (up to you). Put the chiles in the pot with the tomatillos.
Boil the tomatillos and the chiles just until the tomatillos are yellow but before the skins pop. Put the tomatillos and chiles into a blender (without the cooking water – you can throw that out). Add in the cilantro leaves and blend up well. Even if you’re not a cilantro fan you can add the cilantro in here. You don’t notice it in the end but it adds something for sure.
Heat the olive oil, add in cumin, cayenne pepper, salt and pepper and stir for a minute. Add in the pork cubes to brown in small batches. Once you’re done browning add the onion and at the end, add the garlic so it doesn’t burn.
Combine the blended tomatillo/chiles with the pork in the pot. Add the chicken stock. Bring to a boil then reduce heat and simmer on low for 2 hours.
Check the pork after 2-hours to make sure that it’s melt-in-your-mouth tender. If it’s done turn it off and let it stand until it’s cool. You can refrigerate after this or freeze. If it’s too soupy then turn it back on and let the liquid cook down a bit – doing this also gives it a depth of flavor that you won’t otherwise have until you re-heat.
Serve in bowls with fresh, warm, tortillas on the side for scooping up the sauce – or with rice.
Husk and remove the stems and rinse the tomatillos.. Put them in a big pot with water to cover.
Rinse the chilies, remove the stems, slice in half, either leave the seeds in or take them out (up to you). Put the chilies in the pot with the tomatillos.
Boil the tomatillos and the chilies just until the tomatillos are yellow but before the skins pop. Put the tomatillos and chilies into a blender (without the cooking water – you can throw that out). Add in the cilantro leaves and blend up well. Even if you’re not a cilantro fan you can add the cilantro in here. You don’t notice it in the end but it adds something for sure.
Heat the olive oil, add in cumin, cayenne pepper, salt and pepper and stir for a minute. Add in the pork cubes to brown in small batches. Once you’re done browning add the onion and at the end, add the garlic so it doesn’t burn.
Combine the blended tomatillo/chilies with the pork in the pot. Add the chicken stock. Bring to a boil then reduce heat and simmer on low for 2 hours.
Check the pork after 2-hours to make sure that it’s melt-in-your-mouth tender. If it’s done turn it off and let it stand until it’s cool. You can refrigerate after this or freeze. If it’s too soupy then turn it back on and let the liquid cook down a bit – this also gives it a depth of flavor that you won’t otherwise have until you re-heat.
Serve in bowls with fresh, warm, tortillas on the side for scooping up the sauce – or with rice.
The Gourmandise School of Cooking
This is a small and wonderfully lovely cooking school in Santa Monica. Located on the top floor of Santa Monica Place. Classes include everything from cooking baking, frosting, bread baking, to much more exotic fare. Teachers are delightful. | 2023-08-24T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/2317 |
Q:
How to refresh the Labels and other controls inside the GroupBox/Panels inside a Form in C#?
I'm designing a C# application where I have a groupbox showing OS and RAM related information.
I designed it using the controls - labels put together in a Groupbox showing RAM related information.
I have a Refresh button which when clicking should display % of RAM used currently.
For this, I need the label (and also few other labels) inside the groupbox to refresh and re-compute the value.
How do i do this? I tried all below in the RefreshButton_Click event but nothing works:
label1.Refresh();
GroupBox1.Refresh();
Form1.Refresh();
Form1.Invalidate(true);
Panel1.Refresh();
Pls help in this as I do not think reloading an entire form would an efficient solution.
A:
Refreshing won't do anything but display the same assigned value. You must set the new calculated values to your controls inside your RefreshButton_Click handler:
var myNewValue = CalculateNewValue();
label1.Text = myNewValue;
Hope it helps!
| 2023-12-24T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/1371 |
I would like to share the poem I wrote in 2010 for Morgan's funeral with you dear friends:
A Mother's Thoughts / Not Missing
Morgan
Not missing but found
dead on the ground
No loved ones near
You perished in violence and fear
How can it be
That your destiny
was to be torn from Papa and me
Such an unbelievable fate
our child of light extinguished by hate
Never mother or wife
A tragically abbreviated life
Part of me
would reject Deity
that allowed such atrocity
But know that we
Must surrender to the incomprehensibility
Of mystery
Somehow this is how it had to be
241
Help Save The Next Girl foundation promotes personal safety and responsibility for young women from grade school to college age through programs in education, victim/family outreach, and legislative advocacy. HSTNG works to diminish the culture of complacency that surrounds violence against women. Donations may be mailed to:
Help Save The Next Girl Foundation
P.O. Box 8062
Roanoke, VA. 24014
Help Save The Next Girl is a 501(c)3 not for profit organization
The beautiful, shiny, loving Morgan Dana Harrington was a true original. She brought much joy and fun to family and friends for 20 years. Her light and potential were extinguished when she was abducted from a Metallica concert 10/17/09 in Charlottesville Virginia.
Morgan’s skeletonized body was found at Anchorage Farm, Albemarle County on 1/26/10. The person(s) responsible remain at large, presumably still in the Charlottesville area. We ask that any information that might help in the investigation of this case be directed to: Virginia State Police tip line (434) 352-3467.
Our family has developed several educational projects that honor Morgan and provide service to our community, our world:
The Morgan Harrington Educational Wing , OMNI Village, Ndola , Zambia has been completed and was officially dedicated in a joyous ceremony 12/1/2012. Fundraising efforts moving forward are centered on equipping a library/computer space for the school.
Morgan Harrington Educational Wing dedicated July 2012
The construction of the Morgan Dana Harrington Educational Wing, OMNI Village, Ndola, Zambia, AfricaOMNI, Orphan Medical Network International, donations may be mailed to:Or on line at www.omnimissions.com OMNI is a 501(c)3 charitable organizationThe Morgan Dana Harrington Memorial Scholarship, Virginia Tech-Carilion Medical SchoolVTC Scholarship donations may be mailed to:Or on line at Morgan Dana Harrington Scholarship | 2023-10-22T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/8756 |
Confinement-Enhanced Rapid Interlayer Diffusion within Graphene-Supported Anisotropic ReSe2 Electrodes.
To enhance interlayer lithium diffusion, we engineer electrodes consisting of epitaxially grown ReSe2 nanosheets by chemical vapor deposition, supported on three-dimensional (3D) graphene foam, taking advantage of its weak van der Waals coupling and anisotropic crystal structure. We further demonstrate its excellent performance as the anode for lithium-ion battery and catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Density functional theory calculation reveals that ReSe2 exhibits a low energy barrier for lithium (Li) interlayer diffusion because of negligible interlayer coupling and anisotropic structure with low symmetry that creates additional adsorption sites and leads to a reduced diffusion barrier. Benefitting from these properties, the 3D ReSe2/graphene foam electrode displays excellent cycling and rate performance with 99.6% capacity retention after 350 cycles and a capacity of 327 mA h g-1 at the current density of 1000 mA g-1. Additionally, it has exhibited a high activity for HER, in which an exchange current density of 277.8 μA cm-2 is obtained and only an overpotential of 106 mV is required to achieve a current density of -10 mA cm-2. Our work provides a fundamental understanding of the interlayer diffusion of Li in transition-metal dichalcogenide (TMD) materials and acts as a new tool for designing a TMD-based catalyst. | 2024-03-24T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/8123 |
Families of defected Venezuelan soldiers speak out about torture
Families of Venezuelan soldiers imprisoned for opposing the regime speak of their treatment by law enforcement officers. | 2023-09-15T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/3467 |
Murid
In Sufism, a murīd or mureed (, literally "one who seeks") is a novice committed to spiritual enlightenment by sulūk (traversing a path) under a spiritual guide, who may take the title murshid, pir or shaykh. A sālik or Sufi follower only becomes a murīd when he makes a pledge (bayʿah) to a murshid. The equivalent Persian term is shāgird.
The initiation process of a murīd is known as ʿahd () or bai'ath. Before initiation, a murid is instructed by his guide, who must first accept the initiate as his or her disciple. Throughout the instruction period, the murīd typically experiences visions and dreams during personal spiritual exercises. These visions are interpreted by the murshid. A common practice among the early Sufi orders, was to grant a khirqa or a robe to the murīd upon the initiation or after he had progressed through a series of increasingly difficult and significant tasks on the path of mystical development. This practice is not very common now. Murīds often receive books of instruction from murshids and often accompany itinerant murshids on their wanderings.
See also
Murīdūn, Andalusian movement that revolted against Almoravid authority in 1144
Murid War, war between Russia and a Caucasian Naqshbandi movement in the 19th century
Mouride brotherhood, a prominent Sufi tariqa in West Africa, founded in 1883
References
External links
Qualities of a Successful Mureed
Sufi Live
The Online Murid Library (DaarayKamil.com)
Category:Arabic words and phrases
Category:Sufism | 2024-05-18T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/9143 |
Jean-Antoine Watteau
Jean-Antoine Watteau (, , ; baptised October 10, 1684died July 18, 1721), commonly referred to as Antoine Watteau, was a French painter whose brief career spurred the revival of interest in colour and movement, as seen in the tradition of Correggio and Rubens. He revitalized the waning Baroque style, shifting it to the less severe, more naturalistic, less formally classical, Rococo. Watteau is credited with inventing the genre of fête galantes, scenes of bucolic and idyllic charm, suffused with a theatrical air. Some of his best known subjects were drawn from the world of Italian comedy and ballet.
Early life and training
Watteau was born in October 1684 in the town of Valenciennes which had recently passed from the Spanish Netherlands to France. His father, Jean-Philippe Watteau, was a roofer given to brawling. Showing an early interest in painting, Jean-Antoine may have been apprenticed to Jacques-Albert Gérin, a local painter, and his first artistic subjects were charlatans selling quack remedies on the streets of Valenciennes. Watteau left for Paris in 1702. After a period spent as a scene-painter, and in poor health, he found employment in a workshop at Pont Notre-Dame, making copies of popular genre paintings in the Flemish and Dutch tradition; it was in that period that he developed his characteristic sketchlike technique.
His drawings attracted the attention of the painter Claude Gillot, and by 1705 he was employed as an assistant to Gillot, whose work, imbued with the spirit of the Renaissance, represented a reaction against the turgid official art of Louis XIV's reign. In Gillot's studio Watteau became acquainted with the characters of the commedia dell'arte (which moved onto the théâtre de la foire following the Comédie-Italienne departure in 1697), a favorite subject of Gillot's that would become one of Watteau's lifelong passions.
After a quarrel with Gillot, Watteau moved to the workshop of Claude Audran III, an interior decorator, under whose influence he began to make drawings admired for their consummate elegance. Audran was the curator of the Palais du Luxembourg, and from him Watteau acquired his knowledge of decorative art and ornamental design. At the palace, Watteau was able to see the magnificent series of canvases painted by Peter Paul Rubens for Queen Marie de Medici. The Flemish painter would become one of his major influences, together with the Venetian masters that he would later study in the collection of his patron and friend, the banker Pierre Crozat.
During this peroid Watteau painted The Departing Regiment, the first picture in his second and more personal manner, showing influence of Rubens, and the first of a long series of camp pictures. He showed the painting to Audran, who made light of it, and advised him not to waste his time and gifts on such subjects. Watteau determined to leave him, advancing as excuse his desire to return to Valenciennes. He found a purchaser, at the modest price of 60 livres, in a man called Sirois, the father-in-law of his later friend and patron Edme-François Gersaint, and was thus enabled to return to the home of his childhood. In Valenciennes he painted a number of the small camp-pieces, notably the Camp-Fire, which was again bought by Sirois, the price this time being raised to 200 livres.
Later career
In 1709, Watteau tried to obtain a one-year stay in Rome by winning the Prix de Rome from the Academy, but managed only to get awarded with the second prize. In 1712 he tried again and was persuaded by Charles de La Fosse that he had nothing to learn from going to Rome; thanks to Fosse he was accepted as an associate member of the Academy in 1712 and a full member in 1717. He took those five years to deliver the required "reception piece", but it was one of his masterpieces: the Pilgrimage to Cythera, also called the Embarkation for Cythera.
Watteau then went to live with the collector Crozat, who eventually on his death in 1740 left around 400 paintings and 19,000 drawings by the masters. Thus Watteau was able to spend even more time becoming familiar with the works of Rubens and the Venetian masters.
He lacked aristocratic patrons; his buyers were bourgeois such as bankers and dealers. Among his most famous paintings, beside the two versions of the Pilgrimage to Cythera, one in the Louvre, the other in the Schloss Charlottenburg, Berlin, are Pierrot (long identified as "Gilles"), Fêtes venitiennes, Love in the Italian Theater, Love in the French Theater, "Voulez-vous triompher des belles?" and Mezzetin. The subject of his hallmark painting, Pierrot (Gilles), is an actor in a white satin costume who stands isolated from his four companions, staring ahead with an enigmatic expression on his face.
Watteau's final masterpiece, the Shop-sign of Gersaint, exits the pastoral forest locale for a mundane urban set of encounters. Painted at Watteau's own insistence, "in eight days, working only in the mornings ... in order to warm up his fingers", this sign for the shop in Paris of the paintings dealer Edme François Gersaint is effectively the final curtain of Watteau's theatre. It has been compared with Las Meninas as a meditation on art and illusion. The scene is an art gallery where the façade has magically vanished, and the gallery and street in the canvas are fused into one contiguous drama.
Watteau alarmed his friends by a carelessness about his future and financial security, as if foreseeing he would not live for long. In fact he had been sickly and physically fragile since childhood. In 1720, he travelled to London, England, to consult Dr. Richard Mead, one of the most fashionable physicians of his time and an admirer of Watteau's work. However, London's damp and smoky air offset any benefits of Dr. Mead's wholesome food and medicines. Watteau returned to France, spending six months with Gersaint, and then spent his last few months on the estate of his patron, Abbé Haranger, where he died in 1721, perhaps from tuberculous laryngitis, at the age of 36. The Abbé said Watteau was semi-conscious and mute during his final days, clutching a paint brush and painting imaginary paintings in the air.
His nephew, Louis Joseph Watteau, son of Antoine's brother Noël Joseph Watteau (1689–1756), and grand nephew, François-Louis-Joseph Watteau, son of Louis, followed Antoine into painting.
Critical assessment and legacy
Little known during his lifetime beyond a small circle of his devotees, Watteau "was mentioned but seldom in contemporary art criticism and then usually reprovingly". Sir Michael Levey once noted that Watteau "created, unwittingly, the concept of the individualistic artist loyal to himself, and himself alone". If his immediate followers, Lancret and Pater, would depict the unabashed frillery of aristocratic romantic pursuits, Watteau in a few masterpieces anticipates an art about art, the world of art as seen through the eyes of an artist. In contrast to the Rococo whimsicality and licentiousness cultivated by Boucher and Fragonard in the later part of Louis XV's reign, Watteau's theatrical panache is usually tinged with a note of sympathy, wistfulness, and sadness at the transience of love and other earthly delights. Famously, the Victorian essayist Walter Pater wrote of Watteau: "He was always a seeker after something in the world, that is there in no satisfying measure, or not at all."
Watteau was a prolific draftsman. His drawings, typically executed in trois crayons technique, were collected and admired even by those, such as count de Caylus or Gersaint, who found fault with his paintings. In 1726 and 1728, Jean de Jullienne published suites of etchings after Watteau's drawings, and in 1735 he published a series of engravings after his paintings, The Recueil Jullienne. The quality of the reproductions, using a mixture of engraving and etching following the practice of the Rubens engravers, varied according to the skill of the people employed by Jullienne, but was often very high. Such a comprehensive record was hitherto unparalleled. This helped disseminate his influence round Europe and into the decorative arts.
Watteau's influence on the arts (not only painting, but the decorative arts, costume, film, poetry, music) was more extensive than that of almost any other 18th-century artist. The Watteau dress, a long, sacklike dress with loose pleats hanging from the shoulder at the back, similar to those worn by many of the women in his paintings, is named after him. According to Konody's critical assessment in the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, in part, "in his treatment of the landscape background and of the atmospheric surroundings of the figures can be found the germs of Impressionism". His influence on later generations of painters may have been less apparent in France than in England, where J.M.W. Turner was among his admirers. A revived vogue for Watteau began in England during the British Regency, and was later encapsulated by the Goncourt brothers in France (Edmond de Goncourt having published a in 1875) and the World of Art union in Russia.
In 1984 Watteau societies were created in Paris, by Jean Ferré, and London, by Dr. Selby Whittingham. A major exhibition in Paris, Washington and Berlin commemorated the 1984 tercentenary of his birth. Since 2000 a Watteau centre has been established at Valenciennes by Professor Chris Rauseo. A catalogue of his drawings has been compiled by Pierre Rosenberg, replacing the one by Sir Karl Parker, and Alan Wintermute is preparing one for his paintings.
Gallery
References
Bibliography
Stein, Perrin. "Antoine Watteau (1684–1721)." In Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2000–. (October 2003)
The Watteau Society Bulletin, London.
Martin Eidelberg, watteauandhiscircle.org
External links
Alphabetical list of accepted paintings and copies at A Watteau Abecedario
The Rococo and Watteau
www.Jean-Antoine-Watteau.org 89 works by Antoine Watteau
Watteau paintings at the Web Gallery of Art
The Pleasure of Watteau Julian Bell on Watteau from The New York Review of Books
Works by Watteau in the collection of the Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum
The Watteau Abecedario http://watteau-abecedario.org/default.htm
Category:1684 births
Category:1721 deaths
Category:People from Valenciennes
Category:Rococo painters
Category:Prix de Rome for painting
Category:18th-century French painters
Category:French male painters
Category:People of the Regency of Philippe d'Orléans
Category:People of the Ancien Régime
Category:Mythological painters
Category:18th-century deaths from tuberculosis
Category:Members of the Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture | 2024-05-18T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/7008 |
1. Technical Field
The present invention relates to a foot switch which transmits a signal for commanding generation of active output to an apparatus main body having a function of generating active output, and relates to an output system including such a foot switch and an apparatus main body.
2. Related Art
One example of such an output system is an ultrasonic surgical system disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 05-023347. An apparatus main body of this ultrasonic surgical system includes a main unit for generating drive signals (high frequency voltage signals). A handpiece having a probe at a tip thereof and gripped by the operator is electrically connected to the main unit through a cable. The handpiece includes therein an ultrasonic transducer which converts the drive signals into mechanical vibration (ultrasonic band signals). The ultrasonic vibration generated by the ultrasonic transducer is transmitted to the probe while being amplified. A water supply/suction path is provided in the handpiece and the probe. The system is so arranged that when the water supply/suction path is connected to a water supply/suction device, water supply/suction treatment can be effected through an opening formed at an end face of the probe and its vicinity.
More specifically, treatment can be performed by destroying and emulsifying tissues such as of liver parenchyma while performing perfusion through the opening formed in the ultrasonically vibrating probe, and by sucking/removing the debris together with the superfusate through the supply/suction path. An electric knife system may be used together with such an ultrasonic surgical system. Hemostatic treatment or the like can be effected by connecting the electric knife to the handpiece to make a high frequency output through the handpiece of the electric knife.
Since the treatment device including the handpiece or an electric knife is gripped by the operator during surgery, it is appropriate that on/off operation of the treatment device is performed through a foot switch except for a case where a pinpoint operation is particularly required (for example, when hemostatic treatment is performed by the electric knife). That is because, since depressing a switch for a long time with fingers to keep a treatment device in an on-state is a great burden to the operator, employing a foot switch which enables the operator to keep depressing the switch by the operator's weight is desirable from an ergonomical point of view.
It is to be noted that in order to enable selection from among different output types, for example, selection between water supply operation and suction operation, a plurality of pedals are generally disposed in a foot switch. A foot switch is required to have an excellent user-interface design so that the operator can readily distinguish the plurality of pedals.
A foot switch is typically electrically connected to an apparatus main body through a cable to transmit the operational statuses of the foot switch pedals to the apparatus main body through the cable. When using a plurality of different output systems in surgical operation (e.g., when using an ultrasonic surgical system and an electric knife system), a plurality of foot switches are used. The plurality of foot switches are placed close to the operator's feet, and used while there locations are permutated depending on the progress of the surgical operation. In such a case, however, the cables of the plurality of the foot switches sometimes tangle with each other, which significantly lowers the operator's convenience since appropriate locations of the foot switches cannot be ensured. Particularly, in advanced manipulation in which the operator often keeps moving around the operating table during a surgical operation, since the locations of the foot switches are required to be changed following the operator's movement even in a particular case, the chance of the occurrences of the cable tangling increases that much.
In order to prevent surgical operation from stopping due to such tangling of cables, it is known as described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,074,388, for example, to transfer the operational statuses of the pedals of a foot switch to an apparatus main body by means of radio communication. The foot switch in the surgical system described in the '388 patent incorporates a battery as a power source, and is arranged such that a warning is displayed in a display device at an appropriate time, so as to prevent interruption of a surgical operation by the low output voltage of the battery resulting from electrical discharge of the battery. The foot switch is also provided with an auxiliary battery.
In this surgical system, however, the operator cannot know how long the battery is able to supply power before the warning is displayed, and how long the battery is able to supply power after the warning is displayed. In other words, in this surgical system, it is not until when the warning is indicated that an operator is informed of the insufficiency of the remaining capacity of the battery, causing a problem of bad usability. In addition, since a foot switch of this surgical system incorporates an auxiliary battery, the size and weight of the foot switch become unavoidably large, and thus a problem of poor portability is also an issue. | 2024-07-11T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/7699 |
A discussion on the negative effects of students not getting enough sleep due to having to wake up e
If you feel drowsy at the wrong times it may mean you’re not getting enough sleep take naps only when necessary, especially if you have trouble getting to sleep at night if you haven’t slept well for a long period, use the weekend to catch up by heading to bed earlier and letting yourself wake up naturally. The less sleep you get, and the longer this pattern continues, the more severe the negative effects of sleep deprivation on your health will be lack of sleep can take a toll on well-being whenever you’re not getting enough of one of the two basic types of sleep. With every somnolent breath, you expel moisture, and the cumulative effect of a night's sleep is to dry out it's for this reason that i habitually get a drink soon after i wake up.
“getting enough sleep is important for students’ health, safety, and academic performance,” anne wheaton, the lead author and epidemiologist in the cdc’s division of population health. External factors that influence sleep at a glance there are many factors, both internal and external, that can influence the quantity and quality of the sleep we obtain exposure to light in the middle of the night can have more unpredictable effects, but can certainly be enough to cause our internal clock to be reset, and may make it. Sleep research not only points out the importance of sleep to teenagers, but explodes some of the myths around sleep: principally the idea that people need less and less sleep as they grow up.
Symptoms of insomnia include difficulties falling asleep, waking up often during the night and having trouble going back to sleep, waking up too early in the morning, and unrefreshing sleep acute or short-term insomnia may not require treatment. Sleep needs what to do if you’re not getting enough sleep whether you’re scrambling to meet the demands of a busy schedule or just finding it hard to sleep at night, getting by on less sleep may seem like the only answer. The non-adaptive emotional effects we saw in toddlers who missed a single nap make us wonder how young kids who consistently don't get enough sleep deal with their complicated social worlds, said lebourgeois, who undertook the study with colleagues while at brown university. Sleep deprivation (dep-rih-va-shun) is a condition that occurs if you don't get enough sleep sleep deficiency is a broader concept it occurs if you have one or more of the following: you don't get enough sleep (sleep deprivation) you sleep at the wrong time of day (that is, you're out of sync with. Yawning and drowsiness are not the only signs that a student is getting too little sleep other symptoms put forward by research include hyperactivity, crankiness, impulsiveness, and a short attention span sleep loss also has less obvious effects on health, emotions, academic success, and driving ability.
As a general rule, if you wake up tired and spend the day longing for a chance to have a nap, it's likely that you're not getting enough sleep a variety of factors can cause poor sleep, including health conditions such as sleep apnoea. “sometimes i have to get up early because i can't stay up all night and do my homework” and when i wake up i realize that i had homework” i deeply value my sleep — i have found that i feel and function much better when i get quality sleep rather than gutting out a late night to finish a paper or project,” whitmore says. The main take-away is that american teens are not getting enough sleep, which damages their mental and physical health, education, and even ability to drive safely. Proponents of later start times, who have received considerable media attention in recent years, argue that many students who have to wake up early for school do not get enough sleep and that beginning the school day at a later time would boost their achievement. Some of the effects of short-term sleep deprivation can be very similar to the effects of being drunk in 2000, researchers in new zealand and australia found that people who drive after being.
The experience was a kind of wake-up call, as she recognized the need to return to a more balanced life and a better sleep pattern, she said but for some teens, this toxic mix of sleep deprivation, stress and anxiety, together with other external pressures, can tip their thinking toward dire solutions. Not getting enough sleep can lower your sex drive, weaken your immune system, cause thinking issues, and lead to weight gain when you don’t get enough sleep, you increase your risk of certain. Teens are among those least likely to get enough sleep while they need on average 9 1/4 hours of sleep per night for optimal performance, health and brain development, teens average fewer than 7 hours per school night by the end of high school, and most report feeling tired during the day (wolfson & carskadon, 1998.
A discussion on the negative effects of students not getting enough sleep due to having to wake up e
Teens who stay up late at night cramming are more likely to have academic problems the following day — doing poorly on the test they studied for — finds a new study by university of california, los angeles (ucla), researchers since students increasingly give up sleep for studying as they get. The most common cause is not getting enough sleep the night before, or cumulatively during the week this is followed by sleep disorders such as sleep apnea, idiopathic hypersomnolence, as well as depression. When that becomes a routine exchange for sleep, not only does the lack of sleep settle in, but too much caffeine is not healthy either overall, college students and society, regardless of the business need to recognize the negative effects that sleep can have short term and long term.
Sleep deprivation is the condition of not having enough sleepit can be either chronic or acutethe levels of sleep deprivation can vary widely a chronic sleep-restricted state can cause fatigue, daytime sleepiness, clumsiness and weight loss or weight gain it adversely affects the brain and cognitive function however, in a subset of cases sleep deprivation can, paradoxically, lead to.
Last semester, i ended up getting straight as for the first time and i think that was partly due to my first class being at noon and being able to get 8-9 hours of sleep at night was critical.
Good sleep hygiene is the term often used to include tips like maintaining a regular sleep-and-wake schedule, using the bedroom only for sleeping or sex, and keeping the bedroom dark and free of distractions like the computer or television. Not getting enough sleep impairs academic performance and makes it harder to get through the day think positive research has shown that positive thinking may improve physical well-being, produce lower feelings of depression and produce lower levels of distress. Home thought leadership how sleep deprivation affects work and performance [infographic] the wake-up call: the importance of sleep in organizational life while an extra 30 minutes of shut-eye might not seem like much, the effects of this sleep deficit were notable many survey respondents reported poorer workplace performance due. In fact, not getting enough sleep really affects every aspect of a child’s well-being and functioning, adds dr jodi mindell, associate director at the sleep center at the children’s hospital of philadelphia and author of sleeping through the night: how infants, toddlers, and their parents can get a good night’s sleep.
A discussion on the negative effects of students not getting enough sleep due to having to wake up e | 2023-12-26T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/8473 |
Ever since Narendra Modi was appointed the PM candidate by the BJP, speculation has been rife that he would come in and change India dramatically. What he has done till now might be debated, but it’s a given that his arrival, and the sweep of the BJP of the elections, has charged the stock markets. With the Nifty nearly touching 9,000, up over 37% since Jan 1, 2014, it’s almost like a Midas touch.
But what if we evaluated his first speech and found the sectors he really liked, and chose stocks in them to buy? Our analysis threw up four sectors:
Power
Railways
Capital Goods
Tourism
We chose, in hindsight, of course, three stocks in each sector. For Power, we chose PowerGrid, NTPC and Reliance Infra.
For Capital Goods, L&T, Bharat Forge and BHEL.
For Railways, BEML, Texmaco Rail, and Container Corporation.
For Tourism, Cox and Kings, Jet Airways and Indian Hotels. (We thought about Spicejet, but would you really think a Spicejet would be a Modi stock? It is run by a direct relative of the political head of a rival party)
Finally, we chose three companies known as “friends” of Modi. Adani Enterprises, because Modi used their jets. Tata Motors, for Modi convinced them to move their plant from West Bengal to his state. And Reliance Industries, because those were the allegations going around.
We assumed an equal investment in each stock, and tracked the portfolio over a year. If we invested Rs. 100 to begin with (on Dec 31, 2013), it would have grown to Rs. 204.98 on 16 Feb 2015. An equivalent investment in the Sensex would be only Rs. 137.62 today.
We wrote all of this for an article in Outlook Magazine, in early February 2015.
Removing the Hindsight Bias: The Modi Index Page
The problem however is that we have used hindsight to evaluate the index. Using our data and logic we have a new Modi Index Page for you, where data is automatically updated at the end of each day. You can see the chart like this:
And the Constituent Stocks:
The weight will change every day because some stocks move more than others, so what started off as an equal weighted index is now biased towards the stronger stocks.
How Can You Invest In The Modi Index
You simply buy stocks in the same proportion as the index. If you have Rs. 100,000 and the weightage of Reliance Industries is 12%, then you buy Rs. 12,000 worth Reliance, and so on for the other stocks.
We do not currently have a product that you could buy in one shot that gives you the stocks in the Modi Index, but we are working on broker relationships to enable this to happen. Please connect with us at premium@capitalmind.in if you would like to be notified when we have this product. | 2023-10-29T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/4160 |
Very small and soft scorpionates: water stable technetium tricarbonyl complexes combining a bis-agostic (k(3)-H, H, S) binding motif with pendant and integrated bioactive molecules.
The novel trihydro(mercaptoazolyl)borates Na[H(3)B(tim(Me))] (L(1)) (tim(Me) = 2-mercapto-1-methylimidazolyl), Na[H(3)B(tim(Bupip))] (L(2)) (tim(Bupip) = 1-[4-((2-methoxyphenyl)-1-piperazinyl)butyl]-2-mercaptoimidazolyl), and Na[H(3)B(bzt)] (L(3)) (bzt = 2-mercaptobenzothiazolyl) were synthesized by reaction of NaBH(4) with the corresponding azole. Ligands L(1)-L(3) represent a new class of light and soft scorpionates that stabilizes the [M(CO)(3)](+) core (M = (99)Tc, Re) by formation of the complexes fac-[M{kappa(3)-H(mu-H)(2)B(tim(Me))}(CO)(3)] (M = (99)Tc (1), Re (2)), fac-[Re{kappa(3)-H(mu-H)(2)B(tim(Bupip))}(CO)(3)] (3), and fac-[Re{kappa(3)-H(mu-H)(2)B(bzt)}(CO)(3)] (4), respectively. The soft scorpionates are coordinated to the metal in unique (kappa(3)-H, H', S) fashion, as confirmed by X-ray crystallography of 1, 2, and 4. These complexes with bis-agostic hydride coordination are formed in aqueous solution with the two hydrides replacing two coordinating aquo ligands. The agostic hydrogen atoms were located directly, confirming an unprecedented donor atom set combining one sulfur and two hydrogen atoms. Preliminary studies have shown the possibility of preparing some of these complexes at the no carrier added level ((99m)Tc), under conditions as required in radiopharmaceutical preparation. Due to their lipophilicity, small-size, and easy functionalization with adequate biomolecules, the trihydro(mercaptoazolyl)borate technetium tricarbonyl complexes are suitable for the design of CNS receptor ligand radiopharmaceuticals as exemplified with 3, comprising a pendant serotonergic 5-HT(1A) ligand. The integrated design of radiopharmaceuticals involving a bis-agostic scorpionate ligand is demonstrated by the synthesis of 4, with an integrated benzothiazolyl fragment for the recognition of beta-amyloid plaques. | 2024-05-07T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/6995 |
Q:
New User in SSMS Can't Login
I have installed SSMS (v17.1), created a new login at Security -> Logins, changed mode on the server (server: OWNER) to mixed mode. But the username/password combination doesn't seem to work. New Database Query -> SQL Server Authentication -> enter username/password and get error: Cannot connect to OWNER. Login failed for user 'myusername'. HELP!
A:
According to Change Server Authentication Mode when the authentication mode is changed the server has to be restarted. Until restart SQL Server is still using Windows only authentication mode and that is what we can read is SQL Server error log as the reason of 18456 "login failed for user (...)"
| 2023-11-01T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/3397 |
Azure and Claude
(Series in Progress)
Based on Azure and Claude , AKA The Simple Job of Driving People to Suicide, a story by Fafoo (Sugaru Miaki).(The Japanese title, Aozora to Kumorizora, literally translates as "Blue Sky and Cloudy Sky.")The manga adaptation is drawn by loundraw, based moreso on the rewritten version.A person who has the power to control people's bodies uses it to make them commit suicide, and one day encounters a special target.It's being posted online on note.mu | 2023-11-24T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/5246 |
A clinical utility of a strip test for influenza A/B and comparison with detection by RT PCR.
In June 2009 the World Health Organization announced influenza pandemic caused by A/H1N1/v virus. It became crucial to recognize new cases of A/H1N1/v infection. An effective screening diagnostic procedure was needed for patients suffering from influenza-like symptoms for making an initial diagnosis and analyzing epidemiological pattern of infection. We used a strip test for influenza A/B as a screening diagnostic procedure for patients suffering from influenza-like symptoms for making an initial diagnosis. For comparison, RT PCR for detecting A/H1N1/v was performed. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and sensitivity of the strip test and its value for making initial diagnosis of influenza A/H1N1/v. Strip testing for the influenza A/B infection was performed on 1123 patients with influenza-like symptoms in the Admission Unit of the Regional Infectious Diseases Hospital in Warsaw. Strip test results were analyzed according to the age of patients and season of the year. For 97 patients strip test results for detecting A/H1N1 infection were compared with those obtained by RT PCR. There were no statistically significant differences found between the methods and strip testing demonstrated sensitivity of 61% and specificity of 71%. No statistically significant differences were found between the two methods, however, strip test had low sensitivity and specificity. | 2023-12-23T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/1242 |
Nokia 6510
==========
Assembled by
Markus Plail <plail@web.de>
Marcin Wiacek <Marcin@MWiacek.com>
<tibor.harsszegi@essnet.se>
... and other members of gnokii mailing list
and authors of some WWW pages.
Heavily based on nk7110.txt.
The data provided is for information purposes only.
Some of the frames might be hazardous to your phone. Be careful!!!
We do not take any responsibility or liability for damages, etc.
.. note ::
this information isn't (and can't be) complete. If you know anything
about features not listed here or you noticed a bug in this list, please
notify us via e-mail. Thank you.
Document describing frames used in
GSM Nokia 6510 and derivatives (?)
Correct format is FBUS version 2/Infrared/MBUS version 2
(see nokia.txt for protocol details)::
0x00: Connect to NBS port ?
r Set ringtone {+....,ringtone packed according to SM2.0}
0x01 COMMUNICATION
switch (message[3]) {
case 0x02:
dprintf("Call established, remote phone is ringing.\n");
dprintf("Call ID: %i\n", message[4]);
break;
case 0x03:
dprintf("Call complete.\n");
dprintf("Call ID: %i\n", message[4]);
dprintf("Call Mode: %i\n", message[5]);
dummy = malloc(message[6] + 1);
DecodeUnicode(dummy, message + 7, message[6]);
dprintf("Number: %s\n", dummy);
break;
case 0x04:
dprintf("Hangup!\n");
dprintf("Call ID: %i\n", message[4]);
dprintf("Cause Type: %i\n", message[5]);
dprintf("Cause ID: %i\n", message[6]);
break;
case 0x05:
dprintf("Incoming call:\n");
dprintf("Call ID: %i\n", message[4]);
dprintf("Call Mode: %i\n", message[5]);
dummy = malloc(message[6] + 1);
DecodeUnicode(dummy, message + 7, message[6]);
dprintf("From: %s\n", dummy);
break;
case 0x07:
dprintf("Call answer initiated.\n");
dprintf("Call ID: %i\n", message[4]);
break;
case 0x09:
dprintf("Call released.\n");
dprintf("Call ID: %i\n", message[4]);
break;
case 0x0a:
dprintf("Call is being released.\n");
dprintf("Call ID: %i\n", message[4]);
break;
case 0x0b:
/* No idea what this is about! */
break;
case 0x0c:
if (message[4] == 0x01)
dprintf("Audio enabled\n");
else
dprintf("Audio disabled\n");
break;
case 0x53:
dprintf("Outgoing call:\n");
dprintf("Call ID: %i\n", message[4]);
dprintf("Call Mode: %i\n", message[5]);
dummy = malloc(message[6] + 1);
DecodeUnicode(dummy, message + 7, message[6]);
dprintf("To: %s\n", dummy);
break;
0x02: SMS HANDLING
s Send SMS { 0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x55, 0x55,
0x01 (1 big block), 0x02 (submit), length (big block),
type, reference, PID, DCS, 0x00, # blocks,
blocks... }
r Send SMS { 0x03, 0x00, 0x01, 0x0c, 0x08, 0x00, 0x00, 0xdb, 0x55, 0x55, 0x00 }
s Get SMSC { 0x14, 0x01, 0x00 }
r Get SMSC { 0x15, format, 0x01, 0x0b, 0x28, # of SMSC, 0xf8, 0x00, validity, 0x55
#blocks,
blocks ...}
0x03: PHONEBOOK HANDLING
s Get memory status { 0x03, 0x01, memory type, 0x55, 0x55, 0x55, 0x00}
where: memory type - see 0x03/0x07
r Get memory status { 0x04, 0x00, location, 0x00[7], 0x01, 0x10, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0c,
total_low, total_high, used_low, used_high, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00}
s Read memory { 0x07, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x01, 0x02, memory type,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, location_low, location_high, 0x00, 0x00};
where MT: memory type
0x01: (256) Dialled numbers
0x02: (512) Missed calls
0x03: (768) Received calls
0x05: (500) telephone phonebook
0x06: (160) SIM phonebook
0x07: (10/0)
0x08: (1/0)
0x09: (4) voice mailbox
0x0e: (10) speed dials
0x10: (5) caller groups
r Read memory { 0x08, 0x00, 0x01,
code, 0x00, 0x00, z, xH, xL, yH, yL, 0x00[7], no.of blocks, { block } * }
where if code==0x0f && xH==0x34 - phonebook location not found
y: location
z: generic block size
block: {id, 0, 0, blocksize, block no.,
{contents}, 0x00}
id: 0x04 pointer to another memory location { 0xff?, yH, yL, xL,0x00[3] }
0x07 name {len, (unicode)},
0x08 email
0x09 postal
0x0a note {len, (unicode)}
0x0b number {type, 0x00[3], len, (unicode)}
0x0c ringtone {ringtone no., 0, 0}
0x13 date for a called list (DC, RC, etc.)
0x1b caller group graphic {width, height, 0, 0 {bitmap}}
0x1c caller group graphic on? {(1: yes, 0: no), 0, 0}
0x1e caller group number {number, 0, 0}
type: 0x0a: General,
0x03: Mobile (office ?),
0x06: Work,
0x04: Fax,
0x02: Home (mobile ?)
s Set mem location { 0x0b, 0x00, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, z,
0x02, memory type, yH, yL, 0x00[7],
no.of blocks, { block }[no.of blocks] }
r Set mem location { 0x0c, 0?, 1?, code, 0?, 0?, z?, 0?, 0?,
yH, yL, xL }
where code:
0x3d - wrong entry type
0x08: SECURITY
s Get status { 0x11, 0x00 }
r Get status { 0x12, status, }
where status:
0x01: waiting for Security Code
0x07:
0x02: waiting for PIN
0x03: waiting for PUK
0x05: PIN ok, SIM ok
0x06: No input status
0x16: No SIM
0x1A: SIM rejected!
s Enter PIN { 0x07, 0x02, code, 0x00}
r Enter PIN { return code, reason }
where:
return code: 0x08 = success
0x09 = failure
reason: 0x06 = PIN wrong
0x0a: NETSTATUS
s Get Info { 0x00, 0x00 }
r Get Info { 0x01, 0x00, # blocks,
0x00, length, 0x00, 0x02, status, length, operator name (unicode),
0x09, length, LAC, LAC, 0x00, 0x00, CellID, CellID, NetworkCode (3 octets), ... }
s Get RF Level { 0x0b, 0x00, 0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 }
r GET RF Level { 0x0c, 0x00, 0x01, 0x04, 0x04, level, 0x5f }
s Get operator logo { 0x23, 0x00, 0x00, 0x55, 0x55, 0x55 }
r Get operator logo { 0x24, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x02, 0x0c, 0x08, netcode (3 octets), 0x02, 0x00, 0x00,
0x1a, size, width, height, logo size (2 octets), logo size (2 octets), logo }
0x10: SUBSCRIBE
s Subscribe Channel { 0x10, # channels, message types... }
0x13 CALENDAR
s Add meeting note { 0x01, body like in subtype 0x1a...}
r Add meeting note { 0x02, location (2 bytes), status (2 bytes)}
s Add call note { 0x03, body like in subtype 0x1a...}
r Add call note { 0x04, location (2 bytes), status (2 bytes)}
s Add birthday note { 0x05, body like in subtype 0x1a...}
r Add birthday note { 0x06, location (2 bytes), status (2 bytes)}
s Add reminder note { 0x07, body like in subtype 0x1a...}
r Add reminder note { 0x08, location (2 bytes), status (2 bytes)}
s Delete calendar note { 0x0b, location (2 bytes) }
r Delete calendar note { 0x0c, location (2 bytes), ?, ?, ?, ? }
s Get calendar note { 0x19, location (2 bytes) }
r Calendar note recvd { 0x1a, location (2 bytes), entry type, 0x00, year (2 bytes), Month, Day, block}
where: entry type - 0x01 - Meeting, 0x02 - Call, 0x04 - Birthday, 0x08 - Reminder
block: for Meeting:{hour,minute,alarm (two bytes),recurrence (two bytes),len,0x00,string(unicode)}
where alarm=Number of minutes before the time of the meeting
that the alarm should be triggered:
For meetings with "No alarm"=0xFFFF (-1).
For "On time"=0x0000
half an hour=0x001E, and so on.
Recurrence=in hours, between future occurrences of this meeting.
If there is no repeat, this value is 0x0000. The special value 0xffff
means 1 Year!
for Call:{Hour,Minute,Alarm (as above),Recurrence (as above),namelen,numberlen,
name(unicode),number(unicode)}
for Reminder:{Recurrence (as above),len,0x00,string(unicode)}
for Birthday:{byte1,byte2,alarm(4 bytes),yearofbirth,alarmtype,len,string(unicode)}
byte1 and byte2 may vary (???). Usually are 0x00 both (but not always)
In Birthday, the Year in the common part, usually contains a strange year.
So, don't consider it as Year of note, neither year of BirthDay (for Year of
Birthday use the value described below).
where alarm=32-bit integer that is the number of seconds between the desired
alarm time and 11:59:58pm on the birthday.For "No Alarm", the value is
0x0000FFFF (65535).
YearOfBirth=used instead of the one in the common part of the entry (see above)
but only when reading birthday entries. For storing entries, this field does
not exist.
AlarmType: 0x00 - Tone, 0x01 - Silent
? s??? { 0x0021 }
? r??? { 0x0022, 0x5A, 0x00 }
? s??? { 0x0025 }
? r??? { 0x0026, 0x04, 0x00 }
? s { 0x0029 }
? r { 0x002A, 0x04, 0x00 }
s Get first free pos { 0x0031 }
r Get first free pos { 0x0032, location (2bytes) }
s Get notes info { 0x003a, 0xFF, 0xFE}
r Get notes info { 0x003b, how many notes used (2 bytes), 0x01, 0x07, { two bytes with location for each note} *}
s Get first free pos { 0x0031 }
r Get first free pos { 0x0032, location (2bytes) }
s Get notes info { 0x003a, 0xFF, 0xFE}
r Get notes info { 0x003b, how many notes used (2 bytes), 0x01, 0x07, { two bytes with location for each note} *}
? s Get calendar note?? { 0x003E, location (2 bytes) }
? r Get calendar note?? { 0x003F, location (2bytes), ... }
0x14: FOLDER/PICTURE SMS HANDLING
s Get SMS Status { 0x08, 0x00, 0x01 }
r Get SMS Status { 0x09, 0x00, #blocks,
type, length, blocknumber,
a (2 octets), b (2 octets), c (2 octets), 0x00, 0x55 ,
type, length, blocknumber,
d (2 octets), e (2 octets), f (2 octets), 0x01, 0x55 }
where:
a - max. number of messages in phone memory
b - Number of used messages in phone memory. These
are messages manually moved from the other folders.
Picture messages are saved here.
c - Number of unread messages in phone memory. Probably
only smart messages.
d - max. number of messages on SIM
e - Number of used messages in SIM memory. These are
either received messages or saved into Outbox/Inbox.
Note that you *can't* save message into this memory
using 'Move' option. Picture messages are not here.
f - Number of unread messages in SIM memory
s Get SMS from folder { 0x02, memory, folderID, location, location, 0x01, 0x00}
where:
memory - 0x01 for SIM, 0x02 for phone (SIM only for IN/OUTBOX
folderID - see 0x14/0x017B
r Get SMS from folder { 0x03, 0x00, 0x01, memory, folderID, locationH, locationL, 0x55, 0x55, 0x55,
0x01 (on big block), type, length of big block,
[date/time1], [date/time2], # blocks,
type, length, data...
... }
s Delete SMS { 0x04, memory, folderID, location, location, 0x0F, 0x55 }
r Delete SMS { 0x05 }
s Get folder status { 0x0c, memory, folderID, 0x0F, 0x55, 0x55, 0x55, 0x55}
where: folderID - see 0x14/0x017B
r Get folder status { 0x0d, 0x00, length, number of entries (2 bytes),
entry1number (2 bytes), entry2number(2 bytes), ..., 0x55[]}
s Get message info { 0x0e, memory, folderID, location, location, 0x55, 0x55 }
r Get message info { 0x0f, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0x50, memory, type, 0x00, location, FolderID, status
where: type = 0x00 - MT
0x01 - delivery report
0x02 - MO
0x80 - picture message
where: status=0x01 - reveived/read
0x03 - received/unread
0x05 - stored/sent
0x07 - stored/not sent
s Get folder names { 0x12, 0x00, 0x00}
r Get folder names { 0x13, 0x00, number of strings, 0x01, 0x28, folderID, length, 0x00, name1, 0x00,
0x55[40-length(name1)], 01 28, folderID, length, 0x00, name2, 0x00, 0x55[dito] ... }
where: folderID = 0x02 - Inbox
0x03 - Outbox
0x04 - Archive
0x05 - Templates
0x06 - first "My folders"
0x07 - second "My folders"
0x08 - third -"-
and so on
0x15:
s ??? {+0x00, 0x06, 0x00, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00 }
r ??? {+0x06, ',', 0x00, 'd', 0x00, 0x00 }
s ??? {+0x00, 0x06, 0x00, 0x02, 0x00, 0x00 }
r ??? {+0x06, '.', 0x00, 'e', ?, ? }
0x17: BATTERY
s Get battery level { 0x0a, 0x02, 0x00 }
r Get battery level { 0x0b, 0x01, 0x01, 0x16, level, 0x07, 0x05 }
where: level: 1-7 (as in phone display)
0x19: CLOCK
s Get ???? {0x01,...}
r Get ???? {0x02,...}
s Get date { 0x0a, 0x00, 0x00 }
r Get date { 0x0b, 0x00, 0x02 (blocks),
0x01 (type), 0x0c (length), 0x01, 0x03, year (2 octets), month, day, hour, minute, second, 0x00,
0x04, 0x04, 0x01, 0x00 }
s Get ???? {0x0c, 0x00, 0x00}
r Get ???? {0x0d..}
s Get ???? {0x11,...}
r Get ???? {0x12,...}
0x1b: IDENTIFY
s Get IMEI {+0x00, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 'A', 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 }
r Get IMEI { 0x01, 0x00, 0x01, 'A', 0x14, 0x00, 0x10, {IMEI(ASCII)}, 0x00 }
s Get IMEI {+0x00, 0x03, 0x01, 0x00, 'A', 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 }
r Get IMEI { 0x01, 0x00, 0x01, 'A', 0x14, 0x00, 0x10, {IMEI(ASCII)}, 0x00 }
s Get ??? {+0x00, 0x03, 0x00, 0x00, 'D', 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 }
r Get ??? { 0x01, 0x02, 0x00 }
s Get HW version {+0x00, 0x03, 0x02, 0x07, 0x00, 0x02 }
r Get HW version { 0x08, 0x00, 0x01, 'I', 0x0c, 0x00, 0x05, HW(4 bytes), 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 }
s get HW&SW version { 0x07, 0x00, 0x01 }
r get HW&SW version { 0x08, 0x00, 0x01, 0x58, 0x29, 0x00, 0x22, "V " "firmware\n" "firmware date\n"
"model\n" "(c) NMP.", 0x0a, 0x43, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 }
s Get product code {+0x00, 0x03, 0x04, 0x0b, 0x00, 0x02 }
r Get product code { 0x0c, 0x00, 0x01, 'N', 0x0c, 0x00, 0x08, code(7 bytes), 0x00 }
s ??? {+00 |03 |05 |0b |00 |20}
r ??? {+03 |2b+|05 |0c |00 |01 |52R|0c |00 |08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 | 00 |00}
s Get ??? {+00 |03 |06 |0b |00 |01}
r Get ??? {+03 |2b+|06 |0c |00 |01 |4dM|10 |00 |0a |53S|54T|41A|344|355|399|311|355|377|00 |00 |00}
Sending frame 0x1b / 0x0006
00 |03 |07 |0b |00 |ff .....
Received frame 0x1b / 0x0072
03 |2b+|07 |0c |00 |08 |4dM|10 |00 |0a |53S|54T|41A|344|355|39 .+....M...STA459
311|355|377|00 |00 |00 |4eN|0c |00 |08 |300|355|300|377|355|32 157...N...050752
300|00 |50P|0c |00 |08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |4fO|0c 0.P...........O.
00 |08 |300|355|300|333|366|366|366|00 |51Q|0c |00 |06 |00 |00 ..0503666.Q.....
00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |52R|0c |00 |08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 ......R.........
00 |00 |53S|0c |00 |5b[|00 |00 |00 |0d |00 |00 |00 |00 |59Y|14 ..S..[........Y.
00 |10 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 ................
00 |00 ..
Sending frame 0x1b / 0x0006
00 |03 |08 |07 |01 |ff .....
Received frame 0x1b / 0x00ae
03 |2b+|08 |08 |00 |09 |48H|28(|00 |20 |56V|20 |300|344|2e.|30 .+....H(. V 04.0
344|0a |322|399|2d-|311|300|2d-|300|311|0a |4eN|48H|4dM|2d-|37 4.29-10-01.NHM-7
0a |28(|63c|29)|20 |4eN|4dM|50P|2e.|00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |49I|0c .(c) NMP......I.
00 |05 |300|388|300|322|00 |00 |00 |00 |4aJ|0c |00 |05 |00 |00 ..0802....J.....
00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |4bK|08 |00 |03 |333|366|00 |00 |4cL|0c ......K...36..L.
00 |04 |322|388|388|00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |54T|0c |00 |05 |300|31 ..288.....T...01
300|355|00 |00 |00 |00 |55U|10 |00 |0a |47G|344|2e.|300|2d-|34 05....U...G4.0-4
2e.|311|322|00 |00 |00 |57W|10 |00 |08 |53S|45E|49I|4bK|4fO|20 .12...W...SEIKO
300|00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |58X|29)|00 |22"|56V|20 |300|344|2e.|30 0.....X)."V 04.0
344|0a |322|399|2d-|311|300|2d-|300|311|0a |4eN|48H|4dM|2d-|37 4.29-10-01.NHM-7
0a |28(|63c|29)|20 |4eN|4dM|50P|2e.|0a |44D|00 |00 |00 .(c) NMP..D...
Sending frame 0x1b / 0x0008
00 |03 |09 |00 |41A|00 |00 |00 ....A...
Received frame 0x1b / 0x001a
03 |2b+|09 |01 |00 |01 |41A|14 |00 |10 |333|355|300|377|300|30 .+....A...350700
311|300|355|388|300|311|333|300|333|00 105801303.
Sending frame 0x1b / 0x0008
00 |03 |0a |00 |42B|00 |00 |00 ....B...
Received frame 0x1b / 0x0012
03 |2b+|0a |01 |00 |01 |42B|0c |00 |08 |3a:|05 |07 |10 |50P|08 .+....B...:...P.
311|00 1.
Sending frame 0x1b / 0x0008
00 |03 |0b |00 |43C|00 |00 |00 ....C...
Received frame 0x1b / 0x0016
03 |2b+|0b |01 |00 |01 |43C|10 |00 |09 |333|05 |07 |10 |50P|08 .+....C...3...P.
311|00 |f6÷|00 |00 |00 1.÷...
Sending frame 0x1b / 0x0008
00 |03 |0c |00 |44D|00 |00 |00 ....D...
Received frame 0x1b / 0x0006
03 |2b+|0c |01 |02 |00 .+....
Sending frame 0x1b / 0x0008
00 |03 |0d |00 |45E|00 |00 |00 ....E...
Received frame 0x1b / 0x0006
03 |2b+|0d |01 |02 |00 .+....
Sending frame 0x1b / 0x0008
00 |03 |0e |00 |46F|00 |00 |00 ....F...
Received frame 0x1b / 0x0012
03 |2b+|0e |01 |00 |01 |46F|0c |00 |08 |4eN|54T|54T|4aJ|50P|12 .+....F...NTTJP.
344|56V 4V
Sending frame 0x1b / 0x0008
00 |03 |0f |00 |56V|00 |00 |00 ....V...
Received frame 0x1b / 0x0006
03 |2b+|0f |01 |02 |00 .+....
Sending frame 0x1b / 0x0008
00 |03 |10 |00 |5aZ|00 |00 |00 ....Z...
Received frame 0x1b / 0x0006
03 |2b+|10 |01 |02 |00 .+....
Sending frame 0x1b / 0x0006
00 |03 |11 |0b |00 |02 ......
Received frame 0x1b / 0x0012
03 |2b+|11 |0c |00 |01 |4eN|0c |00 |08 |300|355|300|377|355|32 .+....N...050752
300|00 0.
Sending frame 0x1b / 0x0006
00 |03 |12 |0b |00 |20 .....
Received frame 0x1b / 0x0012
03 |2b+|12 |0c |00 |01 |52R|0c |00 |08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 .+....R.........
00 |00 ..
Sending frame 0x1b / 0x0006
00 |03 |13 |0b |00 |01 ......
Received frame 0x1b / 0x0016
03 |2b+|13 |0c |00 |01 |4dM|10 |00 |0a |53S|54T|41A|344|355|39 .+....M...STA459
311|355|377|00 |00 |00 157...
Sending frame 0x1b / 0x0006
00 |03 |14 |07 |00 |02 ......
Received frame 0x1b / 0x0012
03 |2b+|14 |08 |00 |01 |49I|0c |00 |05 |300|388|300|322|00 |00 .+....I...0802..
00 |00 ..
s Get IMEI { 0x00, 0x41 }
r Get IMEI { 0x01, 0x00, 0x01, 0x41, 0x14, 0x00, 0x10, {IMEI(ASCII)}, 0x00 }
Sending frame 0x1b / 0x0008
00 |03 |16 |00 |44D|00 |00 |00 ....D...
Received frame 0x1b / 0x0006
03 |2b+|16 |01 |02 |00 .+....
Sending frame 0x1b / 0x0006
00 |03 |17 |07 |00 |01 ......
Received frame 0x1b / 0x002e
03 |2b+|17 |08 |00 |01 |48H|28(|00 |20 |56V|20 |300|344|2e.|30 .+....H(. V 04.0
344|0a |322|399|2d-|311|300|2d-|300|311|0a |4eN|48H|4dM|2d-|37 4.29-10-01.NHM-7
0a |28(|63c|29)|20 |4eN|4dM|50P|2e.|00 |00 |00 |00 |00 .(c) NMP......
Sending frame 0x1b / 0x0006
00 |03 |18 |07 |00 |01 ......
Received frame 0x1b / 0x002e
03 |2b+|18 |08 |00 |01 |48H|28(|00 |20 |56V|20 |300|344|2e.|30 .+....H(. V 04.0
344|0a |322|399|2d-|311|300|2d-|300|311|0a |4eN|48H|4dM|2d-|37 4.29-10-01.NHM-7
0a |28(|63c|29)|20 |4eN|4dM|50P|2e.|00 |00 |00 |00 |00 .(c) NMP......
Sending frame 0x1b / 0x0006
00 |03 |19 |07 |00 |01 ......
Received frame 0x1b / 0x002e
03 |2b+|19 |08 |00 |01 |48H|28(|00 |20 |56V|20 |300|344|2e.|30 .+....H(. V 04.0
344|0a |322|399|2d-|311|300|2d-|300|311|0a |4eN|48H|4dM|2d-|37 4.29-10-01.NHM-7
0a |28(|63c|29)|20 |4eN|4dM|50P|2e.|00 |00 |00 |00 |00 .(c) NMP......
Sending frame 0x1b / 0x0006
00 |03 |1a |07 |00 |01 ......
Received frame 0x1b / 0x002e
03 |2b+|1a |08 |00 |01 |48H|28(|00 |20 |56V|20 |300|344|2e.|30 .+....H(. V 04.0
344|0a |322|399|2d-|311|300|2d-|300|311|0a |4eN|48H|4dM|2d-|37 4.29-10-01.NHM-7
0a |28(|63c|29)|20 |4eN|4dM|50P|2e.|00 |00 |00 |00 |00 .(c) NMP......
Sending frame 0x1b / 0x0006
00 |03 |1b |07 |00 |01 ......
Received frame 0x1b / 0x002e
03 |2b+|1b |08 |00 |01 |48H|28(|00 |20 |56V|20 |300|344|2e.|30 .+....H(. V 04.0
344|0a |322|399|2d-|311|300|2d-|300|311|0a |4eN|48H|4dM|2d-|37 4.29-10-01.NHM-7
0a |28(|63c|29)|20 |4eN|4dM|50P|2e.|00 |00 |00 |00 |00 .(c) NMP......
Sending frame 0x1b / 0x0006
00 |03 |1c |07 |00 |01 ......
Received frame 0x1b / 0x002e
03 |2b+|1c |08 |00 |01 |48H|28(|00 |20 |56V|20 |300|344|2e.|30 .+....H(. V 04.0
344|0a |322|399|2d-|311|300|2d-|300|311|0a |4eN|48H|4dM|2d-|37 4.29-10-01.NHM-7
0a |28(|63c|29)|20 |4eN|4dM|50P|2e.|00 |00 |00 |00 |00 .(c) NMP......
Sending frame 0x1b / 0x0006
00 |03 |1d |07 |00 |01 ......
Received frame 0x1b / 0x002e
03 |2b+|1d |08 |00 |01 |48H|28(|00 |20 |56V|20 |300|344|2e.|30 .+....H(. V 04.0
344|0a |322|399|2d-|311|300|2d-|300|311|0a |4eN|48H|4dM|2d-|37 4.29-10-01.NHM-7
0a |28(|63c|29)|20 |4eN|4dM|50P|2e.|00 |00 |00 |00 |00 .(c) NMP......
Sending frame 0x1b / 0x0006
00 |03 |1e |07 |00 |01 ......
Received frame 0x1b / 0x002e
03 |2b+|1e |08 |00 |01 |48H|28(|00 |20 |56V|20 |300|344|2e.|30 .+....H(. V 04.0
344|0a |322|399|2d-|311|300|2d-|300|311|0a |4eN|48H|4dM|2d-|37 4.29-10-01.NHM-7
0a |28(|63c|29)|20 |4eN|4dM|50P|2e.|00 |00 |00 |00 |00 .(c) NMP......
0x1f: RINGTONE
s Get Ringtones { 0x07, 0x00, 0x00, 0xFE, 0x00, 0x7D }
r Get Ringtones { 0x08, 0x00, 0x23, 0x00, # ringtones, 0x00,
ringtone number, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, name length (chars), name (unicode)... }
0x2b:
s Get IMEI { 0x00, 0x41 }
r Get IMEI { 0x01, 0x00, 0x01, 0x41, 0x14, 0x00, 0x10, {IMEI(ASCII)}, 0x00 }
s get HW&SW version { 0x07, 0x00, 0x01 }
r get HW&SW version { 0x08, 0x00, 0x01, 0x58, 0x29, 0x00, 0x22, "V " "firmware\n" "firmware date\n"
"model\n" "(c) NMP.", 0x0a, 0x43, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 }
0x38:
s ??? {+00 |02 |00 |0a |00 |01 |00, location, 00}
where location: 0, 1, 2, 3
r ??? {+02 |1d |00 |0b |00 |01 |00, location, 08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00}
s ???
00 |02 |00 |0a |00 |60`|00 |10 |00 |11 |00 |12 |00 |13 |00 |14 .....`..........
00 |15 |00 |16 |00 |17 |00 |18 |00 |19 |00 |1a |00 |1b |00 |1c ................
00 |1d |00 |1e |00 |1f |00 |20 |00 |21!|00 |22"|00 |23#|00 |24 ....... .!.".#.$
00 |25%|00 |26&|00 |27'|00 |28(|00 |29)|00 |2a*|00 |2b+|00 |2c .%.&.'.(.).*.+.,
00 |2d-|00 |2e.|00 |2f/|00 |300|00 |311|00 |322|00 |333|00 |34 .-.../.0.1.2.3.4
00 |355|00 |366|00 |377|00 |388|00 |399|00 |3a:|00 |3b;|00 |3c .5.6.7.8.9.:.;.<
00 |3d=|00 |3e>|00 |3f?|00 |40@|00 |41A|00 |42B|00 |43C|00 |44 .=.>.?.@.A.B.C.D
00 |45E|00 |46F|00 |47G|00 |48H|00 |49I|00 |4aJ|00 |4bK|00 |4c .E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L
00 |4dM|00 |4eN|00 |4fO|00 |50P|00 |51Q|00 |52R|00 |53S|00 |54 .M.N.O.P.Q.R.S.T
00 |55U|00 |56V|00 |57W|00 |58X|00 |59Y|00 |5aZ|00 |5b[|00 |5c .U.V.W.X.Y.Z.[.\
00 |5d]|00 |5e^|00 |5f_|00 |60`|00 |61a|00 |62b|00 |63c|00 |64 .].^._.`.a.b.c.d
00 |65e|00 |66f|00 |67g|00 |68h|00 |69i|00 |6aj|00 |6bk|00 |6c .e.f.g.h.i.j.k.l
00 |6dm|00 |6en|00 |6fo|00 .m.n.o.
r ???
02 |1d |00 |0b |00 |60`|00 |10 |04 |00 |00 |11 |0c |06 |00 |00 .....`..........
00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |12 |04 |00 |00 |13 |04 |00 |00 |14 ................
08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |15 |08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |16 ................
08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |17 |08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |18 ................
08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |19 |08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |1a ................
08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |1b |08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |1c ................
04 |00 |00 |1d |08 |04 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |1e |3c<|355|ff |ff ............<5
ff |ff |ff |ff |ff |ff |ff |ff |ff |ff |ff |ff |ff |ff |ff |ff
ff |ff |ff |ff |ff |ff |ff |ff |ff |ff |ff |ff |ff |ff |ff |ff
ff |ff |ff |ff |ff |ff |ff |ff |ff |ff |ff |ff |ff |ff |ff |ff
ff |ff |ff |00 |00 |00 |00 |1f |08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |20 ............
04 |00 |00 |21!|04 |00 |00 |22"|04 |00 |00 |23#|04 |00 |00 |24 ...!..."...#...$
04 |00 |00 |25%|04 |00 |00 |26&|04 |00 |00 |27'|08 |00 |00 |00 ...%...&...'....
00 |00 |00 |28(|08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |29)|08 |00 |00 |00 ...(.......)....
00 |00 |00 |2a*|04 |00 |00 |2b+|0c |08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 ...*...+........
00 |00 |00 |2c,|04 |00 |00 |2d-|08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |2e ...,...-........
08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |2f/|08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |30 ......./.......0
08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |311|08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |32 .......1.......2
08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |333|08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |34 .......3.......4
08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |355|08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |36 .......5.......6
08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |377|08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |38 .......7.......8
08 |04 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |399|08 |04 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |3a .......9.......:
08 |04 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |3b;|14 |10 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 .......;........
00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |3c<|08 |00 |00 |00 ...........<....
00 |00 |00 |3d=|08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |3e>|08 |00 |00 |00 ...=.......>....
00 |00 |00 |3f?|08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |40@|08 |00 |00 |8e ...?.......@...Ä
00 |00 |00 |41A|04 |00 |00 |42B|04 |00 |00 |43C|08 |00 |00 |00 ...A...B...C....
00 |00 |00 |44D|08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |45E|08 |00 |00 |00 ...D.......E....
00 |00 |00 |46F|08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |47G|08 |00 |00 |00 ...F.......G....
00 |00 |00 |48H|08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |49I|08 |00 |00 |00 ...H.......I....
00 |00 |00 |4aJ|08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |4bK|08 |00 |00 |00 ...J.......K....
00 |00 |00 |4cL|08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |4dM|08 |00 |00 |00 ...L.......M....
00 |00 |00 |4eN|08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |4fO|08 |00 |00 |00 ...N.......O....
00 |00 |00 |50P|08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |51Q|08 |00 |00 |00 ...P.......Q....
00 |00 |00 |52R|08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |53S|08 |00 |00 |00 ...R.......S....
00 |00 |00 |54T|08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |55U|08 |00 |00 |00 ...T.......U....
00 |00 |00 |56V|08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |57W|08 |00 |00 |00 ...V.......W....
00 |00 |00 |58X|08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |59Y|08 |00 |00 |00 ...X.......Y....
00 |00 |00 |5aZ|08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |5b[|08 |00 |00 |00 ...Z.......[....
00 |00 |00 |5c\|08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |5d]|08 |00 |00 |00 ...\.......]....
00 |00 |00 |5e^|08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |5f_|08 |00 |00 |00 ...^......._....
00 |00 |00 |60`|08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |61a|08 |00 |00 |00 ...`.......a....
00 |00 |00 |62b|08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |63c|08 |00 |00 |00 ...b.......c....
00 |00 |00 |64d|08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |65e|08 |00 |00 |00 ...d.......e....
00 |00 |00 |66f|08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |67g|08 |00 |00 |00 ...f.......g....
00 |00 |00 |68h|08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |69i|08 |00 |00 |00 ...h.......i....
00 |00 |00 |6aj|08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |6bk|08 |04 |00 |00 ...j.......k....
00 |00 |00 |6cl|08 |04 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |6dm|08 |00 |00 |00 ...l.......m....
00 |00 |00 |6en|08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |6fo|08 |00 |00 |00 ...n.......o....
00 |00 ..
Sending frame 0x38 / 0x00c7
00 |02 |00 |0a |00 |60`|00 |70p|00 |71q|00 |72r|00 |73s|00 |74 .....`.p.q.r.s.t
00 |75u|00 |76v|00 |77w|00 |78x|00 |79y|00 |7az|00 |7b{|00 |7c .u.v.w.x.y.z.{.|
00 |7d}|00 |7e~|00 |7f |00 |80Ç|00 |81ü|00 |82é|00 |83â|00 |84 .}.~...Ç.ü.é.â.ä
00 |85ů|00 |86ć|00 |87ç|00 |88ł|00 |89ë|00 |8aŐ|00 |8bő|00 |8c .ů.ć.ç.ł.ë.Ő.ő.î
00 |8dŹ|00 |8eÄ|00 |8fĆ|00 |90É|00 |91Ĺ|00 |92ĺ|00 |93ô|00 |94 .Ź.Ä.Ć.É.Ĺ.ĺ.ô.ö
00 |95Ľ|00 |96ľ|00 |97Ś|00 |98ś|00 |99Ö|00 |9aÜ|00 |9bŤ|00 |9c .Ľ.ľ.Ś.ś.Ö.Ü.Ť.ť
00 |9dŁ|00 |9e×|00 |9fč|00 |a0á|00 |a1í|00 |a2ó|00 |a3ú|00 |a4 .Ł.×.č.á.í.ó.ú.Ą
00 |a5ą|00 |a6Ž|00 |a7ž|00 |a8Ę|00 |a9ę|00 |aa¬|00 |abź|00 |ac .ą.Ž.ž.Ę.ę.¬.ź.Č
00 |adş|00 |ae«|00 |af»|00 |b0 |00 |b1 |00 |b2 |00 |b3 |00 |b4 .ş.«.»..........
00 |b5Á|00 |b6Â|00 |b7Ě|00 |b8Ş|00 |b9 |00 |ba |00 |bb |00 |bc .Á.Â.Ě.Ş........
00 |bdŻ|00 |beż|00 |bf |00 |c0 |00 |c1 |00 |c2 |00 |c3 |00 |c4 .Ż.ż............
00 |c5 |00 |c6Ă|00 |c7ă|00 |c8 |00 |c9 |00 |ca |00 |cb |00 |cc ...Ă.ă..........
00 |cd |00 |ce |00 |cf¤|00 .....¤.
Received frame 0x38 / 0x0306
02 |1d |00 |0b |00 |60`|00 |70p|08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |71 .....`.p.......q
08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |72r|08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |73 .......r.......s
08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |74t|08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |75 .......t.......u
08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |76v|08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |77 .......v.......w
08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |78x|08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |79 .......x.......y
08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |7az|08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |04 .......z........
08 |04 |00 |7b{|00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |7c||00 |00 |00 |04 ...{.......|....
08 |04 |00 |7d}|00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |7e~|00 |00 |00 |04 ...}.......~....
08 |04 |00 |7f |00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |80Ç|00 |00 |00 |04 ...........Ç....
08 |04 |00 |81ü|00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |82é|00 |00 |00 |04 ...ü.......é....
08 |04 |00 |83â|00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |84ä|00 |00 |00 |04 ...â.......ä....
08 |04 |00 |85ů|00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |86ć|00 |00 |00 |04 ...ů.......ć....
08 |04 |00 |87ç|00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |88ł|00 |00 |00 |04 ...ç.......ł....
08 |04 |00 |89ë|00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |8aŐ|00 |00 |00 |04 ...ë.......Ő....
08 |04 |00 |8bő|00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |8cî|00 |00 |00 |04 ...ő.......î....
08 |04 |00 |8dŹ|00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |8eÄ|00 |00 |00 |04 ...Ź.......Ä....
08 |04 |00 |8fĆ|00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |90É|00 |00 |00 |04 ...Ć.......É....
08 |04 |00 |91Ĺ|00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |92ĺ|00 |00 |00 |04 ...Ĺ.......ĺ....
08 |04 |00 |93ô|00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |94ö|00 |00 |00 |04 ...ô.......ö....
08 |04 |00 |95Ľ|00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |96ľ|00 |00 |00 |04 ...Ľ.......ľ....
08 |04 |00 |97Ś|00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |98ś|00 |00 |00 |04 ...Ś.......ś....
08 |04 |00 |99Ö|00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |9aÜ|00 |00 |00 |04 ...Ö.......Ü....
08 |04 |00 |9bŤ|00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |9cť|00 |00 |00 |04 ...Ť.......ť....
08 |04 |00 |9dŁ|00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |9e×|00 |00 |00 |04 ...Ł.......×....
08 |04 |00 |9fč|00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |a0á|00 |00 |00 |04 ...č.......á....
08 |04 |00 |a1í|00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |a2ó|00 |00 |00 |04 ...í.......ó....
08 |04 |00 |a3ú|00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |a4Ą|00 |00 |00 |04 ...ú.......Ą....
08 |04 |00 |a5ą|00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |a6Ž|00 |00 |00 |04 ...ą.......Ž....
08 |04 |00 |a7ž|00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |a8Ę|00 |00 |00 |04 ...ž.......Ę....
08 |04 |00 |a9ę|00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |aa¬|00 |00 |00 |04 ...ę.......¬....
08 |04 |00 |abź|00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |acČ|00 |00 |00 |04 ...ź.......Č....
08 |04 |00 |adş|00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |ae«|00 |00 |00 |04 ...ş.......«....
08 |04 |00 |af»|00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |b0 |00 |00 |00 |04 ...»............
08 |04 |00 |b1 |00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |b2 |00 |00 |00 |04 ................
08 |04 |00 |b3 |00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |b4 |00 |00 |00 |04 ................
08 |04 |00 |b5Á|00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |b6Â|00 |00 |00 |04 ...Á.......Â....
08 |04 |00 |b7Ě|00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |b8Ş|00 |00 |00 |04 ...Ě.......Ş....
08 |04 |00 |b9 |00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |ba |00 |00 |00 |04 ................
08 |04 |00 |bb |00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |bc |00 |00 |00 |04 ................
08 |04 |00 |bdŻ|00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |beż|00 |00 |00 |04 ...Ż.......ż....
08 |04 |00 |bf |00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |c0 |00 |00 |00 |04 ................
08 |04 |00 |c1 |00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |c2 |00 |00 |00 |04 ................
08 |04 |00 |c3 |00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |c4 |00 |00 |00 |04 ................
08 |04 |00 |c5 |00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |c6Ă|00 |00 |00 |04 ...........Ă....
08 |04 |00 |c7ă|00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |c8 |00 |00 |00 |04 ...ă............
08 |04 |00 |c9 |00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |ca |00 |00 |00 |04 ................
08 |04 |00 |cb |00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |cc |00 |00 |00 |04 ................
08 |04 |00 |cd |00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |ce |00 |00 |00 |04 ................
08 |04 |00 |cf¤|00 |00 ...¤..
Received frame 0x38 / 0x0306
02 |1d |00 |0b |00 |60`|00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |d0đ|00 |00 |00 |04 .....`.....đ....
08 |04 |00 |d1Đ|00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |d2Ď|00 |00 |00 |04 ...Đ.......Ď....
08 |04 |00 |d3Ë|00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |d4ď|00 |00 |00 |04 ...Ë.......ď....
08 |04 |00 |d5Ň|00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |d6Í|00 |00 |00 |04 ...Ň.......Í....
08 |04 |00 |d7Î|00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |d8ě|00 |00 |00 |04 ...Î.......ě....
08 |04 |00 |d9 |00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |da |00 |00 |00 |db ................
08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |dc |08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |dd ...............Ţ
08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |deŮ|08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |df .......Ů........
08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |e0Ó|08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |e1 .......Ó.......ß
08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |e2Ô|08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |e3 .......Ô.......Ń
08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |e4ń|08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |e5 .......ń.......ň
08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |e6Š|00 |00 |00 |e7 ...........Š...š
08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |e8Ŕ|08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |04 .......Ŕ........
08 |04 |00 |e9Ú|00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |eaŕ|00 |00 |00 |04 ...Ú.......ŕ....
08 |04 |00 |ebŰ|00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |ecý|00 |00 |00 |04 ...Ű.......ý....
08 |04 |00 |edÝ|00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |eeţ|00 |00 |00 |04 ...Ý.......ţ....
08 |04 |00 |ef´|00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |f0|00 |00 |00 |04 ...´...........
08 |04 |00 |f1 |00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |f2 |00 |00 |00 |04 ................
08 |04 |00 |f3 |00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |f4 |00 |00 |00 |f5 ...............§
08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |f6÷|08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |f7 .......÷.......¸
08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |f8°|08 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |04 .......°........
08 |04 |00 |f9¨|00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |fa |00 |00 |00 |04 ...¨............
08 |04 |00 |fbű|00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |fcŘ|00 |00 |00 |04 ...ű.......Ř....
08 |04 |00 |fdř|00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |00 |fe |00 |00 |00 |04 ...ř............
08 |04 |00 |ff |00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |01 |00 |00 |00 |00 |04 ... ............
08 |04 |01 |01 |00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |01 |02 |00 |00 |00 |04 ................
08 |04 |01 |03 |00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |01 |04 |00 |00 |00 |04 ................
08 |04 |01 |05 |00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |01 |06 |00 |00 |00 |04 ................
08 |04 |01 |07 |00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |01 |08 |00 |00 |00 |04 ................
08 |04 |01 |09 |00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |01 |0a |00 |00 |00 |04 ................
08 |04 |01 |0b |00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |01 |0c |00 |00 |00 |04 ................
08 |04 |01 |0d |00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |01 |0e |00 |00 |00 |04 ................
08 |04 |01 |0f |00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |01 |10 |00 |00 |00 |04 ................
08 |04 |01 |11 |00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |01 |12 |00 |00 |00 |04 ................
08 |04 |01 |13 |00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |01 |14 |00 |00 |00 |04 ................
08 |04 |01 |15 |00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |01 |16 |00 |00 |00 |04 ................
08 |04 |01 |17 |00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |01 |18 |00 |00 |00 |04 ................
08 |04 |01 |19 |00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |01 |1a |00 |00 |00 |04 ................
08 |04 |01 |1b |00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |01 |1c |00 |00 |00 |04 ................
08 |04 |01 |1d |00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |01 |1e |00 |00 |00 |04 ................
08 |04 |01 |1f |00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |01 |20 |00 |00 |00 |04 ........... ....
08 |04 |01 |21!|00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |01 |22"|00 |00 |00 |04 ...!......."....
08 |04 |01 |23#|00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |01 |24$|00 |00 |00 |04 ...#.......$....
08 |04 |01 |25%|00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |01 |26&|00 |00 |00 |04 ...%.......&....
08 |04 |01 |27'|00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |01 |28(|00 |00 |00 |04 ...'.......(....
08 |04 |01 |29)|00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |01 |2a*|00 |00 |00 |04 ...).......*....
08 |04 |01 |2b+|00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |01 |2c,|00 |00 |00 |04 ...+.......,....
08 |04 |01 |2d-|00 |00 |00 |04 |08 |04 |01 |2e.|00 |00 |00 |04 ...-............
08 |04 |01 |2f/|00 |00 .../..
Sending frame 0x38 / 0x000e
00 |02 |00 |0c |00 |01 |00 |01 |08 |02 |05 |08 |00 |00 ..............
Received frame 0x38 / 0x0006
02 |1d |00 |0d |00 |00 ......
0x39: PROFILES
s Get Profile { 0x01, 0x01, 0x0c, 0x01,
0x04 (length), profile #, 'feature', 0x01 }
r Get Profile { 0x02, 0x00, 0x0c, 0x02,
0x09 (length), type, 0x01, 0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, value, 0x02 ... }
s Set Profile { 0x03, 0x01, # blocks, 0x03,
length, type, profile #, value, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, value, 0x03 ... }
r Set Profile { 0x04, 0x01, # blocks,
length, 0xXX, type, 0xXX, value
where value: 0x00 = success
0x3E: FM Radio
s Get FM Station { 0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0x05, location, 0x00, 0x01}
r Get FM Station { 0x06, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0x1c,
name_length, 0x14, 0x09, 0x00, location, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01,
FreqHI , FreqLO,
name_in_unicode,[0x55,0x55] - if name_length is odd}
where frequency = (0xffff + FreqHi * 0x100 + FreqLo) kHz
r Get FM Station { 0x16, 0x05, 0x06 } - if entry is empty
0x42:
s ???? {+00 |07 |00 |01 |00 |02}
r ???? {+07 |2d-|00 |02 |06 |02 |00 |02 |00 |01 |02 |08 |00 |0c |07 |d1 |00 |00}
0x42:
s Get ??? {+0x00, 0x07, 0x02, 0x01, 0x00, 0x01 }
r Get ??? { 02 |06 |02 |00 |02 |00 |01 |02 |08 |00 |0c |07 |d1 |00 |00}
s Get original IMEI ? {+0x00, 0x07, 0x02, 0x01, 0x00, 0x01 }
r Get original IMEI ? { 0x02, 0x06, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x01, 0x01, 0x18, 0x01, 0x00, IMEI, 0x00, 'U' }
s Get ??? {+0x00, 0x07, 0x03, 0x01, 0x00, 0x02 }
r Get ??? { 02 |06 |02 |00 |02 |00 |01 |02 |08 |00 |0c |07 |d1 |00 |00}
s Get ??? {+0x00, 0x07, 0x04, 0x01, 0x00, 0x10 }
r Get ??? { 02 |06 |10 |00 |10 |00 |01 |05 |08 |00 |00 |00 |00 | 00 |00}
s Get ??? {+0x00, 0x07, 0x05, 0x01, 0x00, 0x08 }
r Get ??? { 02 |06 |08 |00 |08 |00 |01 |04 |08 |00 |00 |00 |00 | 00 |00}
s Get ??? {+0x00, 0x07, 0x06, 0x01, 0x00, 0x20 }
r Get ??? { 02 |06 |20 |00 |20 |00 |01 |06 |04 |03 |00}
0x43:
s ???? {+00 |08 |00 |01 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00, x}
where x = 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10
r ???? {+08 |1f |y |02 |00 |00 |00 |00 }
where y = 0 - 0x04
s ??? {+00 |08 |05 |01 |00 |00 |00 |00 |00 |20}
r ??? {+08 |1f |05 |02 |00 |00 |00 |00}
0x45: PHONEBOOK HANDLING ????
the same to msg 0x03 ????
0x53:
s Get simlock info {0x0C}
0x55: TODO
s Get TODO {0x03, 0x00, 0x00, 0x80, location low, location hi}
r Get TODO {0x04, .... }
s Get number of TODO {0x07}
r Get number of TODO {0x08, number lo, number hi}
s Delete all TODO {0x11}
r Delete all TODO {0x12}
s Get TODO locations {0x15, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}
r Get TODO locations {0x16, ...}
0x7a: STARTUP
s Get startup logo { 0x02, 0x0f }
r Get startup logo { 0x03, 0x0f, 0x00[4], # blocks,
0xc0, 0x02, height (2 octets),
0xc0, 0x03, width (2 octets),
0xc0, 0x04, size (2 octets),
picture }
s Get startup greeting { 0x02, 0x01, 0x00 }
r Get startup greeting { 0x03, 0x01, 0x00, greeting (unicode), 0x00 }
s Get anykey answer { 0x02, 0x05, 0x00 }
r Get anykey answer { 0x03, 0x05, 0x00, 0x00/0x01 }
0xd1:
s Get HW&SW version { 0x0003, 0x00 }
0xd2:
r Get HW&SW version { 0x0003 "V " "firmware\n" "firmware date\n"
"model\n" "(c) NMP." }
| 2023-12-06T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/2997 |
Trump and Vice President-elect Mike Pence, along with other officials, have entertained a parade of potential administration appointees and celebrities since the election last month. Trump Tower is where the president-elect lives and works, and his transition has largely operated out of the building in Midtown Manhattan. This has created security concerns, as Trump and his advisers have welcomed high-profile visitors into a building that is open to the public.
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Wang was arrested not long after former Texas governor Rick Perry, tapped to head the Energy Department, walked out of an elevator and into the building’s lobby. Throughout the afternoon, other elected officials came through the lobby heading to meetings with Trump.
The lobby of Trump Tower is legally designated a public space as part of a deal Trump struck with New York City in the 1970s, so it remains open to the public each day from 8 a.m. to 10 p.m. As a result, the Secret Service and police in New York have had to craft an elaborate security ring around the building, erecting barricades and security checkpoints on the ground while creating a no-fly zone overhead.
Trump’s wife, Melania, and their son, Barron, plan to remain in New York after he takes the oath of office in January. According to a New York Times report last month, Trump has been speaking with advisers about how often he will divide his time among the White House, Trump Tower and other properties he owns.
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It was not immediately clear whether Wang had an attorney. Police said Wang’s home was listed as being in Poughquag, N.Y., about 70 miles north of Trump Tower. The New York Post, which first reported his arrest, said that Wang is a student at Baruch College and that more fireworks were found in his dorm. | 2023-11-24T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/6522 |
A beautiful and unique 3D world provides the panoramic backdrop to an enormous story in the upcoming Mage Knight storyline.;A free camera system allows players to zoom in close to the action or pull back to admire all the heavenly glory that has only before existed in imagination.;Battle against scores of unique enemies including some of the largest and most daunting foes ever seen in an action RPG.;Marvel at brilliant special effects in a beautiful 3D world as you stare down death battling through hordes of evil minions and titanic boss creatures.;Streamlined interface means that players will spend more time playing and not learning how to play as the game moulds itself and your characters skills and appearance based on your playing style.;Special group dynamics coupled with a 5 player co-op multiplayer makes for an action RPG experience that brings RPGs out of your imagination and onto the screen. | 2024-03-04T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/3600 |
There’s just something incredibly charming about imperfect RPGs.
The kind of games that have tons of good ideas, or pioneering systems and interesting lore, but just aren’t quite as shiny or as polished as their bigger budget cousins – and you couldn’t care less. I’m talking about stuff like Kingdoms of Amalur, Two Worlds 2, and Kingdom Come: Deliverance. Cult games that build absorbing worlds with frayed seams threatening to burst from everything stuffed into the package.
Greedfall, the latest RPG from the French studio Spiders (Bound by Flame and The Technomancer) looks to be next in the line of succession.
While the wider game is inspired by the 17th Century Age of Discovery, Greedfall’s closest analogue in terms of gameplay is the Dragon Age series. Instead of a sprawling open-world, you visit large semi-open spaces with self-contained quests, their own spin on enemies, and hidden secrets and loot to uncover. There seems to be a decent variety even within these spaces. The quest line I played recently first took me through a waterlogged swamp, then to higher ground across sun-bleached hills, and finally moss-covered ruins.
While it’s not really pushing the limits of possibility, the PC build that I played looked good, with decent detail in the environments and strong atmospheric lighting. When you encounter enemies – some of whom you’ll find sleeping in line with the day and night cycle – the combat plays out in real time but, again like Dragon Age, there’s a tactical pause function. You’ll run into classic RPG baddies like big wolf thingys, kind-of bears, and giant bog monsters, but you have a lot of levers that you can pull when you’re taking them on.
Your two main weapons are melee and magic, and both have a distinct fantasy flavour. You can quickly switch between a giant flaming rapier and shooting magical orbs out of your hands, but you also have a range of support items like traps, guns, and potions mapped to the d-pad. To balance this the MP meter seems to be quite restrictive, so you’ll need to make use of everything at your disposal – it reminds me a bit of Vampyr, the DontNod RPG from last year, but with better integrated secondaries. When you add your magical melee to the mix, it’s easy to improvise your own flashy combat style that makes light work of smaller beasts. As you’d expect, not everything is a pushover, and tougher fights litter the open spaces.
And RPGs like these wouldn’t be complete without complex dialogue trees and relationships. In Greedfall, rather than a chosen hero of legend you play as a diplomat sent from the mainland continent to find a cure for a mysterious plague. This means there’s a big emphasis on stoic diplomacy in your conversations, but that doesn’t mean you can’t have any fun.
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Within the first minute of the demo I had the option to chat up one of my companions, and while not all of the script is as on the nose, it’s clearly on the hammy side of the spectrum. Like characters who are native to the island slip words from their first language into sentences – which isn’t really how people talk, but is a key trope of grandiose fantasy worldbuilding however exaggerated it sounds.
Greedfall has a lot going for it. There’s an interesting premise full of political intrigue to unpack, tons of characters to converse with, monsters to slay, equipment to craft, collect, and min/max, and a new world to explore. Whether that holds together as a compelling package that stays gripping for its whole runtime remains to be seen when it launches on September 10, 2019. | 2024-04-28T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/3703 |
Synthesis and crystal structure of Na1-xGe3+z: a novel zeolite-like framework phase in the Na-Ge system.
A novel crystalline binary phase is reported in the Na-Ge system, with an entirely new, zeolite-like crystal structure solved and refined by the combination of synchrotron X-ray and neutron powder diffraction techniques. | 2024-02-24T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/7953 |
Thursday, November 20, 2008
Condi Rice, off the reservation?
Castro biographer Georgie Anne Geyer – no fan of Castro, and if you read her column, no fan of Bush either – argues that a “change in Cuban policy by the new administration would signal a huge change in American attitudes toward the entire world.”
Geyer might have got her wish, under the Bush Administration, according to Washington Post columnist Jim Hoagland.He reports that Secretary of State Rice considered upgrading relations with Havana.Hoagland’s wording is imprecise about timing and conditions, but it sounds as if the idea was to normalize relations, turn the Interests Section into an Embassy, and send a U.S. ambassador – but her idea was shot down in the White House.
5 comments:
surprising that Geyer feels that way...and encouraging. her bio of Castro is scathing yet informative. Too bad Rice was shot down. this would be the best thing that W could do for Obama and for our national interests. It's insane that a piss ant country that is dirt poor gets so much of our attention. Once the embargo is gone it will recede to it's proper place.
I actually partly agree with you there Cardinal. Once the embargo is gone, I don't think you will see China and Russia lining up to do business and get photos ops in Havana all the time like they have been of late. Part of Cuba's outsized political footprint is undoubtedly related to its anti-imperialist position vis-a-vis the US. If the US comes around and begins working with Cuba and Cuba reciprocrates with some reforms, the symbolic importance will be lessened (but not all the way diminished). I think good relations with Cuba is also seen as a door into the energy economies of Venezuela, Bolivia and Ecuador.
you're absolutely right - it is insane that a tiny little country like Cuba get so much attention in American foreign policy matters. Normalize things and let the two countries deal with things as they should be dealt with. Enough with this stupidity.
So Bush said no. Condo thought it was the righ move, and she was probably right. But Bush thought, and he probably has info which Condi does not have, that it was not in anyone's best interest to upgrade relations. Castro probably felt releived upon learning of Bush's decision. He probably said: "I knew W would not let me down". Well, things change and someone makes the determination that normalizing relations is what is in order, relations will be normalized. I am all for it. I am tired of this non-sense. I am Cuban and I demand an end to this farce! | 2023-09-05T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/5121 |
The Gospel of John (2003 film)
The Gospel of John is a 2003 epic film that recounts the life of Jesus according to the Gospel of John. The motion picture is a word-for-word adaptation of the American Bible Society's Good News Bible. This three-hour, epic, feature film follows John's Gospel precisely, without additions to the story from the other Gospels or omissions of the Gospel's complex passages.
Production
This film was created by a constituency of artists from Canada and the United Kingdom, along with academic and theological consultants from around the world. The cast was selected primarily from the Stratford Shakespeare Festival and Soulpepper Theatre Company, as well as Britain's Royal Shakespeare Company and Royal National Theatre. The musical score, composed by Jeff Danna and created for the film, is partially based on the music of the Biblical period. The film was produced by Visual Bible International.
Cast
Christopher Plummer as The Narrator
Henry Ian Cusick as Jesus of Nazareth
Stuart Bunce as John
Daniel Kash as Simon Peter
Stephen Russell as Pontius Pilate
Alan Van Sprang as Judas Iscariot
Diana Berriman as Mary, mother of Jesus
Richard Lintern as Leading Pharisee
Scott Handy as John the Baptist
Lynsey Baxter as Mary Magdalene
Diego Matamoros as Nicodemus
Nancy Palk as Samaritan Woman
Elliot Levey as Nathanael
Andrew Pifko as Philip
Cedric Smith as Caiaphas
Tristan Gemmill as Andrew
Stuart Fox as Blind Man
David Meyer as Lame Man
Nicolas Van Burek as Young Levite
William Pappas as Elderly Levite
Directors and producers
The film was directed by Philip Saville and co-produced by Canadian producer Garth Drabinsky and British producer Chris Chrisafis.
Executive producers were Sandy Pearl, Joel B. Michaels, Myron Gottliel and Martin Katz
Other critical contributions
Also involved were screenwriter John Goldsmith, production designer Don Taylor, sound mixer David Lee, makeup artist Trefor Proud, costume designer Debra Hanson, and director of photography and film editors Miroslaw Baszak and Michel Arcand.
The filming production was shot in Toronto, Ontario, and Almeria, Andalucia, Spain.
Criticism
While the film is largely a faithful depiction of the Gospel of John, some have commented that the inclusion of Mary Magdalene at the Last Supper has no Biblical citation. However, according to the Gospels, she was one of the women who accompanied Jesus and the disciples to Jerusalem, was present at the Crucifixion and burial of Jesus, was the first to whom Jesus appeared at the Resurrection, and was with the disciples in the upperroom after the Resurrection. Thus, like many modern movies about Jesus, the producers are faithfully attempting to help their audience see what the Gospel writers sometimes have not included.
See also
The Gospel of John, a 2014 word-for-word film adaptation
The Visual Bible: Matthew
The Visual Bible: Acts
References
External links
Enthusiastic review by Andy Naselli
Arts & Faith Top100 Spiritually Significant Films list
The Blog on The Gospel of John Film
Category:2003 films
Category:Biographical films about Jesus
Category:British films
Category:Canadian films
Category:Cultural depictions of John the Baptist
Category:Cultural depictions of Judas Iscariot
Category:Cultural depictions of Pontius Pilate
Category:Films directed by Philip Saville
Category:Films scored by Jeff Danna
Category:Films set in Jerusalem
Category:Films shot in Almería
Category:Gospel of John
Category:Portrayals of the Virgin Mary in film
Category:Religious epic films | 2023-11-04T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/4592 |
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7 million Israelis rehearse for war
Israel is launching its largest-ever emergency drill next week, but the government insists that it is a routine exercise.
Next Tuesday, sirens will sound throughout Israel, and the entire population will be requested to take shelter in “protected spaces”.
The nationwide alert will be the high point of the Defence Ministry and IDF Home Command’s exercise, “Turning Point 3”.
All the emergency and rescue services, both military and civil, will take part in the exercise. It begins on Sunday with a session of the Cabinet, which will practise its own special emergency procedures.
A particular emphasis will be put on the co-operation between the IDF and local authorities, which have been granted broader-than-normal responsibilities for keeping key services running.
Among the scenarios are a multiple missile attack on Haifa and a chemical-warfare strike in Eilat. All hospitals will practise for receiving patients injured in a chemical attack, and the Home Command’s rescue battalions will practise on a building that will be demolished specifically for the exercise.
In preparation, every family in the country has been supplied with guidelines on how to select and equip a “protected space” at home, and how many seconds there are to reach it in case of emergency. Special information packs have been prepared for the Arab and Charedi communities, including leaflets in Yiddish.
On Monday, Defence Minister Ehud Barak acknowledged that the government had received “signals” of concern from Arab countries over Israel’s intentions, but said that “this a routine exercise which was planned months ago, we have one of these every year”.
According to intelligence assessments, Israel’s closest enemy, Syria, has about 50,000 missiles that are aimed at Israel, and Hizbollah in Lebanon has 20,000.
While the published scenarios for the exercise are missile strikes from the north and terror attacks, IDF officers have confirmed that the threat from Iran figures in all their plans. “We are planning for all eventualities,” said a senior office in the IDF’s Home Command, “but we are not talking publicly about Iran right now.”
Last week, the Israeli Air Force conducted its own annual big exercise which involved all its squadrons and airbases. Air force officers in off-record briefings stressed that the squadrons did not carry out long-range missions, which would have been perceived as a preparation to attack targets in Iran.
Last year, the air force conducted a large-scale exercise over the Aegean Sea in a move that was interpreted as a dress rehearsal for an attack on the Iranian nuclear installations. The air force’s assurances did not put all minds at ease and on Friday, Ma’ariv published a story headlined: “The Air Force is Training for War with Iran”.
To which one air force officer said: “Of course we are training for war, that is what armies do.” | 2024-06-04T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/7611 |
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<title>Dynamic updating of :first-child and :last-child</title>
<style type="text/css"><![CDATA[
#two:first-child { background: red; }
#three:last-child { background: lime; }
]]></style>
<link rel="author" title="Ian Hickson" href="mailto:ian@hixie.ch"/>
<link rel="help" href="https://www.w3.org/TR/css3-selectors/#selectors"/> <!-- bogus link to make sure it gets found -->
<meta name="flags" content=" dom" />
</head>
<body>
<div>
<script type="text/javascript">
<![CDATA[
function test() {
el2 = document.getElementById('two');
el3 = document.getElementById('three');
el2.parentNode.insertBefore(el3.nextSibling, el2);
}
window.setTimeout("test()", 100);
]]>
</script>
<div><p id="two">This line should be unstyled. (2)</p><p id="three">This line should have a green background. (3)</p><p>This line should be unstyled. (4 moving to 1)</p></div>
</div>
</body>
</html> | 2023-09-04T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/2784 |
The author is a Forbes contributor. The opinions expressed are those of the writer.
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Colorado doesn’t want its natural gas industry to go up in flames, which is why the sector there joined with its environmental counterparts to craft new rules to curb potent methane releases that are linked to climate change.
The state is the first one to regulate such heat-trapping emissions from the development of oil and gas, which make up a healthy share of the economy there. Essentially, Colorado’s Air Quality Control Commission polished up a pending proposal that would require producers to install the tools to capture 95 percent of methane gas leaks coming from wells and pipes, while also limiting the volatile organic compounds that lead to smog.
“Several industry leaders already implement some of the measures reflected in these rules,” says Will Allison, director of the state's Air Pollution Control Division, which voted yesterday 8-1 to enact the regs. “Now, these protective, common-sense measures will be required of all operators across the state.”
According to the U.S. Energy Information Administration, Colorado ranks sixth and ninth nationally when it comes to natural gas and oil production, respectively. That equates to jobs and prosperity for many, and a heaping portion of the state’s tax revenues.
But the industry there and elsewhere has been under attack because of the hydraulic fracturing technique used to recover unconventional natural gas, or shale gas. Polluted drinking water is one issue. And so is escaping methane that is a lot more powerful than carbon dioxide when it comes to trapping heat, although its lifespan is 20 years compared to 100 years for the latter. In addition, the mining technique is adding to smog levels around the state.
Beyond the control and capture of the vast majority of methane releases, energy producers must also regularly inspect their sites and patch leaks within 15 days. Business, generally, said that they would foot the bill for the effort.
Many of Colorado’s oil and gas firms backed the rules, realizing that they had to win the confidence of the state’s residents. Some producers, however, have expressed that the regs will be too costly. The Colorado Oil and Gas Association and the Colorado Petroleum Association say that the total cost to comply will be $100 million, or $60 million more than what state regulators had calculated.
“The new rules accomplish much, which we support,” says Doug Flanders, director of policy and external affairs for the state’s oil and gas group. “Unfortunately, we were not successful in ensuring that the rule accommodates the differences in basins and operators.” Corp. backs that position.
However, Corp., Encana Corp and Inc. have been among the state’s largest producers to work with the Environmental Defense Fund to provide the right guidance and technology, reports Bloomberg news service. It adds that Noble will invest $12 billion in the state while Anadarko will plow in $2 billion, all over five years.
The way in which Colorado has gone about addressing this issue may become a national model, given that the major parts of the country are experiencing the shale gas revolution.
What to do? Reducing greenhouse gas levels is urgent for most greenies, although some of them are remiss to accept natural gas as a viable vehicle, releasing 45 percent fewer carbon emissions than coal. Eco-activists, furthermore, say that the federal government has a role in the oversight of hydraulic fracturing, noting that the process could adversely affect drinking water supplies.
The stakes: The estimates of recoverable natural gas in the United States have grown from 200 trillion cubic feet in 2005 to 350 trillion cubic feet in 2012. The fuel could supply as much as half of all electric generation in two decades, up from about 30 percent today.
“Natural gas is an important transition to a carbon free economy provided we don’t go too many decades,” says Tom Wigley, climate scientist with University Corporation for Atmospheric Research. “After 30 or 40 years, it won’t matter what we do.”
The conciliation showed by both Colorado’s industry and its environmental advocates is praiseworthy, demonstrating that opposing forces can find common ground and create a practical regulatory structure. It’s not the ideal solution for any stakeholder. Yet, it could become a blueprint for other states facing the same divisive issues. | 2023-10-21T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/1637 |
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using HotChocolate;
using HotChocolate.Types;
using HotChocolate.Types.Relay;
using MarshmallowPie.Repositories;
namespace MarshmallowPie.GraphQL.Environments
{
[ExtendObjectType(Name = "Query")]
public class EnvironmentQueries
{
[UsePaging(SchemaType = typeof(NonNullType<EnvironmentType>))]
[UseFiltering]
[UseSorting]
public IQueryable<Environment> GetEnvironments(
[Service]IEnvironmentRepository repository) =>
repository.GetEnvironments();
public Task<Environment> GetEnvironmentByIdAsync(
[GraphQLType(typeof(NonNullType<IdType>))]string id,
[Service]IIdSerializer idSerializer,
[DataLoader]EnvironmentByIdDataLoader dataLoader,
CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
IdValue deserializedId = idSerializer.Deserialize(id);
if (!deserializedId.TypeName.Equals(nameof(Environment), StringComparison.Ordinal))
{
throw new GraphQLException("The specified id type is invalid.");
}
return dataLoader.LoadAsync((Guid)deserializedId.Value, cancellationToken);
}
public Task<Environment> GetEnvironmentByNameAsync(
string name,
[DataLoader]EnvironmentByNameDataLoader dataLoader,
CancellationToken cancellationToken) =>
dataLoader.LoadAsync(name, cancellationToken);
[UseSorting]
public Task<IReadOnlyList<Environment>> GetEnvironmentsByIdAsync(
[GraphQLType(typeof(NonNullType<ListType<NonNullType<IdType>>>))]string[] ids,
[Service]IIdSerializer idSerializer,
[DataLoader]EnvironmentByIdDataLoader dataLoader,
CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
if (ids.Length == 0)
{
throw new GraphQLException("No ids where provided.");
}
var deserializedIds = new Guid[ids.Length];
for (int i = 0; i < ids.Length; i++)
{
IdValue deserializedId = idSerializer.Deserialize(ids[i]);
if (!deserializedId.TypeName.Equals(nameof(Environment), StringComparison.Ordinal))
{
throw new GraphQLException("The specified id type is invalid.");
}
deserializedIds[i] = (Guid)deserializedId.Value;
}
return dataLoader.LoadAsync(deserializedIds, cancellationToken);
}
[UseSorting]
public Task<IReadOnlyList<Environment>> GetEnvironmentsByNameAsync(
string[] names,
[DataLoader]EnvironmentByNameDataLoader dataLoader,
CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
if (names.Length == 0)
{
throw new GraphQLException("No names where provided.");
}
return dataLoader.LoadAsync(names, cancellationToken);
}
}
}
| 2024-07-25T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/2995 |
Petition filed against Jacob Vadakkanchery for spreading fake information about nipah virus. Complaint was given by the SFI unit secretary of Calicut Medical College KV Adarsh. Petitions were given to health minister and district collector. Later Petition has been handed over to the cyber cell.
Jacob Vadakkanchery has said in facebook live that there is nothing called nipah virus. Modern medicine is the reason behind death due to fever. Medical mafia is behind the nipah virus. He also said that his workers will visit Perambra where nipah virus is confirmed. | 2023-10-03T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/1563 |
During the incident at about 8.30pm on September 20, 2016, he was approached by three men.
Fredericks was shot in the back because he allegedly took too long to hand over his car keys to the thugs.
The car’s number plates were changed and the vehicle was used in an attempted robbery at Trigg Jewellers in Cavendish Square the following day.
In the Western Cape High Court on Thursday, Judge Bruce Langa delivered his judgment in the case against Zingisile Kleinhans, Siphokule Bulana, Xola Nakumba, Themba Jilaji and Mongameli Dyani.
The men faced 12 charges, including murder, robbery with aggravating circumstances, possession of unlicensed firearms and ammunition, malicious damage to property as well as attempted robbery.
Judge Langa found Kleinhans, Jilaji and Dyani guilty of murder and robbery, while Bulana and Nakumba were found not guilty on those charges.
Kleinhans and Dyani were also convicted of attempted robbery, possession of illegal firearms and ammunition, charges related to the Prevention of Organised Crimes Act and malicious damage to property.
In his judgment, Judge Langa referred to the testimony of the State’s key witness, Leeroy Prince, a security guard who was on his way to see his girlfriend when he witnessed the attack on Fredericks.
Prince identified three of the five accused during an identity parade.
He told the court he saw a Hyundai vehicle driving past him at the intersection.
The vehicle turned right and parked at the petrol station. Prince said the occupants got out and made their way towards the shop He said he followed them. At the time, Fredericks was at the counter in the shop.
Prince said while he saw the faces of two men, whom he made contact with, he only got a glimpse of the third man.
“When the victim left, two of the men followed him to his car. The one went to the passenger’s side, the other two to the driver’s side. The driver got out of the vehicle and a scuffle broke out. The victim didn’t realise that the man at the passenger’s side had a gun,” Judge Langa read.
In his evidence in court, Prince said Fredericks was hit in the back. The third man walked towards an injured Fredericks and pushed him down to the floor.
“The victim shouted, ‘Take it. Take it!’, and the men went into the car and fled,” read Judge Langa.
Attempts were made to resuscitate Fredericks, but paramedics declared him dead at the scene.
Fredericks’s car was spotted by a police officer the following day outside Cavendish Square. Kleinhans was in the car and a firearm was found in the boot.
[email protected] | 2024-02-17T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/7065 |
Nigeria Central Switch – Advanced real-time payments platform - DJN
https://nibss-plc.com.ng/services/ncs/
======
DJN
From the article: “NIBSS Instant Payment is so far, the most innovative and
revolutionary e-payment solution designed by NIBSS to service the banking
industry. NIP is the first and only point to point funds transfer service that
guarantees instant value to the beneficiary. Nigeria is the only country in
Africa and essentially, the world to have deployed such a solution.”
From first hand use, the platform delivers sub 30 second Interbank transfers,
serves over 180 million people across Nigeria, complete with 2-factor
security, and SMS notifications to both parties. The transaction cost is N100
(USD 0.33) and it has been operational since 2011.
It makes you wonder if the $15-$30 wire transfer fees in the US is a severe
case of regulatory capture.
| 2024-02-01T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/4866 |
I have had the idea for this blog in my head for about three days now, so bare with me as it may go all over the place. I actually took the title from a lululemon bag, which is safe to say they are not the actual ones who came up with this saying, which concludes with..Success is determined by how you handle setbacks. The bag was sitting in my truck for the week staring me in the face as I seemed to be behind for everything and just felt like I was going no where fast. I managed to make my daughter cry when I reacted to her spilling her breakfast on the floor and having my new puppy lapping it up in a uncontrollable manner. This was after I had asked her at least three times to be careful and sit still while she ate her breakfast. So why was this such a big deal? Well I sent her to her room, waited for a minute to cool down, pulled my dog off and cleaned up the mess before I went in to see her. As I opened the door my little girl was crying so hard that she could barley catch her breath, in that instant I sat down took her into my arms and started to cry uncontrollably. I calmed her down, said I was sorry and continued to cry. I am sharing this with you because at this moment I was done, ready to shut down and crawl into a hole, call in sick and keep the kids home. Why? Because one of my biggest struggles is being patient and having a short temper. I know, you would not have guessed that I have actually had to go to counselling to help work on this very negative character trait. It has been over four years since I have felt this anxious feeling that made me react to my daughter this way. In that moment I knew I had to do something so I called my husband told him what happened and instead of saying it was my fault he told me to walk away from everything, and calm down. He reassured me that I was a great mom who perhaps has taken on a bit too much, instead of blaming yourself take the time to sit with her and eat. That's it? Yes, I had a moment, a set back, now how was I going to deal with it? In the past I would have just continued to let everything pile up and become negative and lash out, but I am a mom..first and for most and that is not acceptable. My goal for this week wake the girls up a bit early and have breakfast together, start the day off with a positive message. I will ask for a bit more help instead of resting it all on my shoulders and stop and think before I react. We will all have setbacks in life, try not to dwell on them, make a plan for improvement, seek support and move ahead.
I have been holding on to these pictures and the story behind them since Christmas day, you know how it gets busy and you kinda get side-tracked. As my oldest daughter came home on the last day of school before her Christmas break and handed me a small scrap piece of paper with a list on it. She asked if we could get everything on the list for her to make a recipe she had copied out of a book in the library. So as I checked it over I saw we had most of the ingredients but we needed raspberries to complete the recipe. As we rushed around getting ready for Christmas she again reminded me to pick up raspberries so she could make this recipe for us. On Christmas morning she asked if she could make us all breakfast, of course I was excited by this request. So together, with the help of Madie, we went over the list and gathered everything we would need for the Berry Pile Up. Next she asked me for the paper that she gave to me with the list on it, crap..did I throw that away in the pre-Christmas tidy up? I casually looked around, under piles and thank goodness I found it. I handed it over to her and she turned over to the back of the paper. I asked her what she was doing and she showed me that she had actually drawn pictures of each step, just like in the book, pretty clever. As she washed and cut the strawberries and raspberries, Madie and I got out the clear glasses, honey, yogurt & spoons. At this point she showed me the order in which the ingredients were to go in to the cup. I asked if it would be ok for me to add some granola, I like a bit of crunch, and some melon that we had. So one layer at a time she put each ingredient into each of our cups...berries..vanilla yogurt..touch of honey..granola(in mine) and repeat. Simple yes and delicious! Let me tell you this is not what we would usually have for breakfast on Christmas but it meant the world to me that she wanted to prepare it for us and she explained that it was very healthy for our bodies to start a special day of family fun. Sometimes I forget how much we influence our children, but that morning I knew she is a mini version of me and I was so proud. Now I have to work on Madie who would rather have candy for breakfast!
As I sit down to write this blog I have so many different ideas in my head that I am having trouble getting started. Today was to be my first day back to the gym for the New Year but I ended up on the side of a mountain with my puppy working out in the great outdoors because it was +11. Seriously, January 4th and no snow and plus temperatures, so with that and the huge guilty feeling I had when I drove in and saw Rudy sitting on the deck waiting for me to return, I geared up with my Camel Pack on my back and Ipod in hand! No big deal, a change in plans right, happens to us all the time. Let me tell you that I had the most amazing workout that I have had in some time. I felt recharged and refocused, which is exactly what I needed after having a few detours in my overall plan for the New Year.
I was also extremely excited to see that they have built a look out at the top of the Sunset Trail! I have been running and working out up there for the past few years and have always had the goal to host some circuit classes up there and now I will make that happen. It is a beautiful spot with a nice hike up and as you can see, more than enough equipment to put on a challenging class.
I am so happy to be getting back to teaching classes next week, I have loved the time off with my family but I am ready to get back into my routine. | 2024-04-15T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/3005 |
Ian Pearl has fought for his life every day of his 37 years. Confined to a wheelchair and hooked to a breathing tube, the muscular dystrophy victim refuses to give up.
But his insurance company already has.
Legally barred from discriminating against individuals who submit large claims, the New York-based insurer simply canceled lines of coverage altogether in entire states to avoid paying high-cost claims like Mr. Pearl’s.
In an e-mail, one Guardian Life Insurance Co. executive called high-cost patients such as Mr. Pearl “dogs” that the company could “get rid of.”
A federal court quickly ruled that the company’s actions were legal, so on Dec. 1, barring an order by the federal Department of Health and Human Services, Mr. Pearl will lose his benefits.
His medical treatment costs $1 million a year.
Most of that is for ‘round the clock, in-home nursing care - for operation of his ventilator, hourly breathing treatments and continuous intravenous medication.
(Corrected paragraph:) A Guardian spokesman said policies such as Mr. Pearl’s - which offered unlimited home nursing - had simply become too expensive for new small-business customers to buy, and that even Medicaid and Medicare do not cover 24-hour home nursing. His parents, Warren and Susan Pearl of Fort Lauderdale, Fla., said their health insurance premiums had risen over the years to $3,700 a month.
As a last resort, Mr. Pearl would be admitted to a state hospital under Medicaid. But the Pearls consider that a death sentence.
“Ian would be lucky, or unlucky, to survive more than a matter of weeks or months,” Mrs. Pearl said. “One-on-one skilled nursing is essential.”
Her husband, 60, a wealthy businessman, said the couple have enough savings to pay for their son’s care for a few years, and after that, they could mortgage the family’s home.
The Pearls’ younger son, Matthew, is the best-selling author of “The Last Dickens,” a novel published this year by Random House.
“Ian and Matt spend hours on the phone discussing story lines. Matt uses Ian to bounce ideas off of,” Mrs. Pearl said.
Ian Pearl became the first wheelchair-bound pupil to be mainstreamed in the Broward County elementary schools, and he was elected president of his high school class at University School of Nova Southeastern University in Fort Lauderdale.
He has Type II spinal muscular atrophy - which often kills victims in infancy. He grew to adulthood only to suffer respiratory arrest at 19. He has required a tracheal tube ever since.
He has been fortunate most of his life to be covered under the Guardian small-business health plan his father bought through his remodeling company, Warren Pearl Construction of New York City.
Generous by modern standards, the health insurance plan covered home nursing, something most small-business plans do not cover today.
Over the years, Guardian has scaled back the benefits in new types of plans it has offered, to the point where it no longer offers in-home nursing coverage.
In the state of New York, where Mr. Pearl’s business operates, 54 other employers offered the Guardian plan. Their policies covered nearly 500 employees and dependents, including two other severely ill people.
The Pearls moved to Fort Lauderdale 30 years ago because the humidity there is beneficial to their son. Warren Pearl has commuted back and forth from New York every weekend since.
He said Guardian has for years used private investigators to find pretexts to deny coverage. An investigator came to their door, he said, to get proof that he does in fact fly back and forth to New York and that his two-employee company really operates in New York. Investigators went to Mr. Pearl’s job sites.
“The insurance companies are cheating in order to have obscene profits,” he said.
Guardian, a 150-year-old mutual company, reported profits of $437 million last year, a 50 percent increase over $292 million in 2007. It paid dividends of $723 million to policyholders and had $4.3 billion in capital reserves, according to its annual report. The company’s investment income totaled $1.5 billion that year, a small increase from the year earlier.
The insurer also canceled similar policies in New Jersey and South Carolina, and earlier ceased offering any health plans in Colorado, but did not cancel all of the policies in every state in which they were offered, said John Fried, the Pearls’ attorney. The company took the action only against those plans where claims were highest, he said.
The insurer discontinued the coverage late last year, but was required by law to continue paying for Ian Pearl’s care for another year.
In 2006, Guardian began an initiative called Moving Forward, which was “designed to increase Guardian’s competitive position by reducing what it paid out in claims,” wrote Judge William Pauley, of the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York, in his summary judgment in Guardian’s favor in July.
The move would help the company lower overall rates to compete better for more business.
The judge found that the company had not violated the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA), because it canceled entire policy lines. The Pearls also claimed Guardian violated the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), but the judge found that only HHS can enforce that law and that private citizens cannot sue under it.
The Pearls appealed to HHS under the Bush administration and were told the agency could do nothing, Warren Pearl said.
They petitioned again in a letter to HHS Secretary Kathleen Sebelius on Oct. 5, with support from their congresswoman, Rep. Debbie Wasserman Schultz, Florida Democrat, but have not heard back.
Contacted by The Washington Times last week, the agency said, “Our Department has been contacted by the Pearl family and we have heard their very serious concerns. We are actively investigating this matter.”
The House Energy and Commerce Committee, chaired by Rep. Henry A. Waxman, California Democrat, is also investigating, the Pearls said. The committee held hearings on benefit cancellations earlier this year.
Spokesmen for Mr. Waxman and Ms. Wasserman Schultz did not respond to requests for comment.
In an e-mail to four other Guardian executives entered into evidence in the Pearls’ suit, company Vice President Tim Birely discussed how the company could “eliminate this entire block to get rid of the few dogs.”
He concluded, “Paul [Saylor], keep in mind that my intent is to be as narrow and laser-like as possible. We may need to broaden some things in NY due to state of domicile and some historical [nonsense] with some of these policyholders.”
Asked about the use of the phrases such as “get rid of” and “dogs,” Guardian spokesman Richard Jones said, “I’m not aware of any language related to any of the things that you just mentioned, no.”
He said plans such as Mr. Pearl’s had simply become too expensive to market to employers.
“We certainly sympathize with [Mr. Pearl’s]’s condition. As a business, though, we have to offer plans that enough customers want,” Mr. Jones said.
“But in this particular case the expense of the plan meant that most small businesses were not able or were not willing to purchase it. As a result we started offering different plans,” he said.
“This has been through the courts. Guardian’s activities were upheld by the courts as well as by the New York State Department of Insurance.
“We certainly don’t think this particular case has anything to do with health care reform,” Mr. Jones said.
Mr. Fried argues in his appeal that Judge Pauley misinterpreted the ERISA law.
“I think we’re entitled to a trial as to whether Guardian’s discontinuation of its policy was in effect discrimination against Ian Pearl,” he said.
The Pearls say they are out for justice.
“This is a matter of life and death for my son,” Warren Pearl said. “I have to have faith that HHS will enforce the law.
“This is attempted murder, as far as I’m concerned. They targeted us, they never expected to get caught. I believe that justice will prevail.”
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Copyright © 2020 The Washington Times, LLC. Click here for reprint permission. | 2024-05-03T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/2521 |
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<a name="test.reference.test_classes.predicate_result.test_suite"></a><a class="link" href="test_suite.html" title="test_suite"><code class="literal">test_suite</code></a>
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<p>
The <code class="literal">test_suite</code> class represents a group of test cases
and suites in the test tree hierarchy.
</p>
<p>
</p>
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">bosot</span> <span class="special">{</span> <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">unit_test</span> <span class="special">{</span>
<span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">BOOST_TEST_DECL</span> <span class="identifier">test_suite</span> <span class="special">:</span> <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="identifier">test_unit</span> <span class="special">{</span>
<span class="keyword">public</span><span class="special">:</span>
<span class="keyword">enum</span> <span class="special">{</span> <span class="identifier">type</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">tut_suite</span> <span class="special">};</span>
<span class="comment">// Constructor</span>
<span class="keyword">explicit</span> <span class="identifier">test_suite</span><span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">const_string</span> <span class="identifier">ts_name</span> <span class="special">);</span>
<span class="comment">// test unit list management</span>
<span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="identifier">add</span><span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">test_unit</span><span class="special">*</span> <span class="identifier">tu</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">counter_t</span> <span class="identifier">expected_failures</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="number">0</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="identifier">timeout</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="number">0</span> <span class="special">);</span>
<span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="identifier">add</span><span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">test_unit_generator</span> <span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">gen</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="identifier">timeout</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="number">0</span> <span class="special">);</span>
<span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="identifier">remove</span><span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">test_unit_id</span> <span class="identifier">id</span> <span class="special">);</span>
<span class="comment">// access methods</span>
<span class="identifier">test_unit_id</span> <span class="identifier">get</span><span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">const_string</span> <span class="identifier">tu_name</span> <span class="special">)</span> <span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">;</span>
<span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">size_t</span> <span class="identifier">size</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">{</span> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="identifier">m_members</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">size</span><span class="special">();</span> <span class="special">}</span>
<span class="special">};</span>
<span class="special">}</span> <span class="special">}</span>
</pre>
<p>
</p>
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| 2024-05-13T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/3162 |
Import-Module "$PSScriptRoot/../helpers/Common.Helpers.psm1"
Import-Module "$PSScriptRoot/../helpers/Tests.Helpers.psm1"
Describe "Node.JS" {
BeforeAll {
$os = Get-OSVersion
$expectedNodeVersion = if ($os.IsHigherThanMojave) { "v12.*" } else { "v8.*" }
}
It "Node.JS is installed" {
"node --version" | Should -ReturnZeroExitCode
}
It "Node.JS $expectedNodeVersion is default" {
(Get-CommandResult "node --version").Output | Should -BeLike $expectedNodeVersion
}
It "NPM is installed" {
"npm --version" | Should -ReturnZeroExitCode
}
It "Yarn is installed" {
"yarn --version" | Should -ReturnZeroExitCode
}
}
Describe "NVM" {
BeforeAll {
$nvmPath = Join-Path $env:HOME ".nvm" "nvm.sh"
$nvmInitCommand = ". $nvmPath > /dev/null 2>&1 || true"
}
It "Nvm is installed" {
$nvmPath | Should -Exist
"$nvmInitCommand && nvm --version" | Should -ReturnZeroExitCode
}
Context "Nvm versions" {
$NVM_VERSIONS = @(6, 8, 10, 12)
$testCases = $NVM_VERSIONS | ForEach-Object { @{NvmVersion = $_} }
It "<NvmVersion>" -TestCases $testCases {
param (
[string] $NvmVersion
)
"$nvmInitCommand && nvm ls $($NvmVersion)" | Should -ReturnZeroExitCode
}
}
}
| 2023-12-17T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/3202 |
(2008)
Robert WOMACK, Plaintiff,
v.
COUNTY OF AMADOR, Estate of Russell Moore, deceased in his individual capacity, David J. Irey, in his individual capacity, Todd D. Riebe, in his individual capacity, Ron Hall, in his individual and official capacities, Rich Dunlop, in his individual capacity, Jim Walshaw, in his individual and official capacities, Robert Wertman, in his individual capacity, James Garcia, in his individual capacity, and Does 1 through 10, Defendants.
No. Civ. S-02-1063 RRB DAD.
United States District Court, E.D. California.
March 7, 2008.
Memorandum of Opinion and Order
RALPH R. BEISTLINE, District Judge.
Robert Womack ("Womack") against the County of Amador Patrol Officer Russell Moore civil rights action California Highway San Joaquin County Deputy District Attorney David J. Irey ("Irey"), Amador County District Attorney Todd Riebe ("Riebe"), Amador County District Attorney Investigator Ron Hall ("Hall") and others,[1] alleging Fourth Amendment claims arising out of two searches allegedly executed under warrants obtained with knowingly false affidavits during a criminal investigation into the removal and disposal of an underground gasoline storage tank.[2] The County now moves for summary judgment or, in the alternative, summary adjudication.[3] For the reasons stated below, the court GRANTS the motion.
I. BACKGROUND
In April 1998, KRL Partnership ("KRL")[4] purchased a defunct gasoline station in Jackson, California, in order to convert the real property into a parking lot. Pl's AMF ¶ 4; Def.'s Undisputed Material Facts ("UMF") ¶¶ 1-2. On May 2, 1998, Plaintiff Womack oversaw the removal of an underground gasoline storage tank. Pl's AMF ¶ 7; Def.'s UMF ¶ 3. Upon learning of the removal of the storage tank, Amador County officials expressed concern about environmental contamination and referred the matter to the Amador County District Attorney's office (the "D.A.'s office"), which instituted a criminal investigation. Def.'s UMF ¶¶ 2, 5, 14-16, 18.
In June 1998, District Attorney Stephen Cilenti ("Cilenti") assigned the case to Hall, an investigator employed by the D.A.'s office. Pl's AMF ¶ 14; Def.'s UMF ¶ 18. Hall was assigned the task of determining whether Womack had committed environmental crimes in connection with the removal and disposal of the underground gasoline storage tank. Pl's AMF ¶ 14. Due to Hall's inexperience with environmental cases, Irey, a San Joaquin County Deputy District Attorney, was specially appointed to conduct the investigation, in Amador County, assisted by Moore, a California Highway Patrol Officer. Id. ¶¶ 17, 21, 33; Def.'s UMF ¶¶ 19, 24. Hall and Irey located the removed storage tank and obtained a copy of a check, drawn from a KRL bank account, used to pay for the disposal of the storage tank. Def.'s UMF ¶¶ 20-22. The address on the check was 15864 Ridge Road, Sutter Creek, California, a KRL property and Womack's home address (the "Ridge Road Property"). Id. ¶¶ 23, 26.
In October 1998, Moore drafted an affidavit, with the assistance of Irey and Hall, in support of a search warrant (the "first search warrant") authorizing the seizure of KRL records from Womack's residence on the Ridge Road property. Pl's AMF ¶¶ 44-45; Def.'s UMF ¶ 26. On October 30, 1998, Moore and investigators from the D.A.'s office, including Hall, executed a search of the Ridge Road Property. Pl's AMF ¶ 50; Def.'s UMF ¶ 29. During the search, investigators, including Hall and Moore, seized a broad range of documents. Pl's AMF ¶ 51. On December 1, 1998, a grand jury indicted Womack and others on twenty-one counts, most of which concerned the removal of the underground storage tank and actions related to its disposal. Id. ¶ 60; Def.'s UMF ¶ 30.
On January 4, 1999, Todd Riebe ("Riebe") was sworn in as Amador County District Attorney. Def.'s UMF ¶ 31. On January 11, 1999, Moore, assisted by Irey, submitted an affidavit in support of a search warrant (the "second search warrant") to search the Ridge Road Property. Id. ¶ 32; Pl's AMF ¶ 65. The affidavit submitted in support of the second search warrant indicated that it had two goals: (1) it sought evidence to prosecute the pending indictment against Womack; and (2) it sought to investigate and uncover new crimes. Exh. 50, attached to Pl's Opp. to Def.'s Mtn., for Summary Judgment/Adjudication ("MSJ/MSA"). Specifically, the affidavit characterized the aims of the search as follows: "to gather evidence as to the crimes[] which Robert WOMACK was indicted on and to help determine the entire scope of these business activities that are permeated with fraud we need to determine several additional things." Id.[5] Before Moore submitted the affidavit, it was reviewed by Irey and approved by Riebe. Pl's AMF ¶¶ 69-73.
On January 11, 1999, the second search warrant was approved authorizing the seizure of a broad range of documents created since January 1, 1995 (Pl's AMF ¶¶ 79, 85), and was executed by Hall, Moore, and others. Def.'s UMF ¶ 34. After discovering evidence outside the scope of the warrant, Moore interrupted the search and returned to court with Irey to obtain an extended warrant authorizing seizure of documents dating back to 1990. Id. ¶ 35; Pl's AMF ¶¶ 86-87. Following approval of the extended warrant, Moore allegedly seized documents relating to all aspects of the KRL partnership going back to 1977 and earlier. Pl's AMF ¶¶ 89-90.
On August 18, 1999, the Amador County Superior Court found the warrant authorizing the October 30, 1998 search to be facially overbroad and beyond the scope of the probable cause underlying the search. Pl's AMF ¶ 54; Exh. 25, attached to Pl's Opp. to Def.'s MSJ/MSA. The court ordered that all KRL business records seized during the search to be suppressed on the basis that the affidavit in support of the warrant did not establish probable cause for the seizure of such records. Id. On July 3, 2001, the Third District Court of Appeal affirmed the trial court's order in part and reversed it in part. Exh. 26, attached to Pl's Opp. to Def.'s MSJ/MSA. Specifically, the Third District concluded that the trial court erred by suppressing all KRL business records because the affidavit in support of the warrant established probable cause for the seizure of some of KRL's business records (e.g., the records relating to the alleged removal and disposal of the underground storage tank). Id. The Third District vacated the trial court's order with directions to enter a new order suppressing only KRL business records unrelated to the alleged removal and disposal of the underground storage tank. Id.
In September 2000, the D.A.'s office transferred Womack's criminal prosecution to the California Attorney General's Office. Def.'s UMF ¶ 41. In August 2001, the Attorney General's Office dismissed the criminal charges against Womack and instituted a civil action against Womack and others. Id. ¶¶ 42-43. No criminal charges were ever subsequently filed against Womack, KRL or any of its partners. Pl's AMF ¶ 10.
On May 15, 2002, Womack filed a civil rights action under 42 U.S.C. § 1983 alleging the following claims: (1) Fourth Amendment violations (unreasonable search and seizure); (2) Fourteenth Amendment violation (malicious prosecution); and (3) Monell liability. Compl. ¶¶ 1-84. On August 10, 2007, the County filed a motion for summary judgment or, in the alternative, summary adjudication. Docket at 72. The County seeks summary judgment/adjudication on the following grounds: (1) the Fourth Amendment claims are time-barred; (2) the Monell claim fails because the county officials connected with this action are immune from liability under the Eleventh Amendment, and/or because Womack failed to proffer evidence demonstrating that the implementation of a county policy, custom or practice caused the alleged constitutional deprivations; and (3) the malicious prosecution claim fails because Womack failed to proffer evidence establishing a genuine issue of material fact as to whether the prior criminal prosecution was pursued to a favorable termination. These arguments are discussed individually below.
II. DISCUSSION
A. Legal Standard
Rule 56(b) permits a party whom a claim has been asserted to "move at any time, with or without supporting affidavits, for summary judgment/adjudication on all or part of the claim." Fed. R. Civ.P. 56(b). Summary judgment/adjudication is appropriate if "the pleadings, depositions, answers to interrogatories, and admissions on file, together with the affidavits, if any, show that there is no genuine issue as to any material fact and that the moving party is entitled to a judgment as a matter of law." Fed.R.Civ.P. 56(c). An issue of fact is "genuine" if it constitutes evidence with which "a reasonable jury could return a verdict for the nonmoving party." Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 248, 106 S.Ct. 2505, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986). That genuine issue of fact is "material" if it "might effect the outcome of the suit under the governing law." See id. ("As to materiality, the substantive law will identify which facts are material. Only disputes over facts that might affect the outcome of the suit under the governing law will properly preclude the entry of summary judgment.").
The moving party bears the initial burden of demonstrating the absence of a genuine issue of material fact. See Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 323, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986). Where the nonmoving party will have the burden of proof on an issue at trial, the movant's burden may be discharged by pointing out to the district court that there is an absence of evidence to support the nonmoving party's case. See id. at 325, 106 S.Ct. 2548; Miller v. Glenn Miller Productions, Inc., 454 F.3d 975, 987 (9th Cir.2006). The moving party need not disprove the other party's case. Miller, 454 F.3d at 987. "Thus, [s]ummary judgment for a defendant is appropriate when the plaintiff fails to make a showing sufficient to establish the existence of an element essential to [his] case, and on which [he] will bear the burden of proof at trial." Id. (internal quotation marks omitted). If the moving party sustains its burden, the burden then shifts to the nonmoving party to go beyond the pleadings and by his or her own affidavits, or by the depositions, answers to interrogatories, and admissions on file, designate specific facts showing that there is a genuine issue for trial. See Celotex, 477 U.S. at 324, 106 S.Ct. 2548 (internal quotation marks omitted) (citing Fed.R.Civ.P. 56(e)); Miller, 454 F.3d at 987. This burden requires more than a simple showing that there is some "metaphysical doubt as to the material facts." Matsushita Elec. Indus. Co., Ltd. v. Zenith Radio Corp., 475 U.S. 574, 586, 106 S.Ct. 1348, 89 L.Ed.2d 538 (1986). The mere existence of a scintilla of evidence is likewise insufficient to create a genuine factual dispute. Anderson, 477 U.S. at 252, 106 S.Ct. 2505. "If the nonmoving party fails to produce enough evidence to create' a genuine issue of material fact, the moving party wins the motion for summary judgment." Nissan Fire & Marine Ins. Co. v. Fritz Companies, Inc., 210 F.3d 1099, 1103 (9th Cir. 2000). "But if the nonmoving party produces enough evidence to create a genuine issue of material fact, the nonmoving party defeats the motion." Id.
On a motion for summary judgment, all reasonable doubt as to the existence of a genuine issue of fact should be resolved against the moving party. Hector v. Wiens, 533 F.2d 429, 432 (9th Cir.1976). The inferences drawn from the underlying facts must be viewed in the light most favorable to the party opposing the motion. Valandingham v. Bojorquez, 866 F.2d 1135, 1137 (9th Cir.1989). Where different ultimate inferences may be drawn, summary judgment is inappropriate. Sankovich v. Life Insurance Co. of North America, 638 F.2d 136, 140 (9th Cir.1981). The purpose of summary judgment/adjudication is to "pierce the pleadings and assess the proof in order to see whether there is a genuine need for trial." Matsushita, 475 U.S. at 587, 106 S.Ct. 1348. "Where the record taken as a whole could not lead a rational trier of fact to find for the nonmoving party, there is no `genuine issue for trial.'" Id.
B. Statute of Limitations
The County argues that Womack's Fourth Amendment claims are timebarred because more than one-year passed from the date the claims accrued, October 1998 and January 1999, respectively, and the date the instant action was commenced, May 15, 2002.
In § 1983 actions, federal courts apply the forum state's statute of limitations for personal injury actions, along with the forum state's law regarding tolling, including equitable tolling, except to the extent any of these laws is inconsistent with federal law. Jones v. Blanas, 393 F.3d 918, 927 (9th Cir.2004). Prior to January 1, 2003, California's one-year statute of limitations for personal injury actions applied to § 1983 suits in, federal court. Maldonado v. Harris, 370 F.3d 945, 954 (9th Cir.2004). Effective January 1, 2003, the new California statute of limitations for assault, battery, and other personal injury actions is two years. Cal.Civ. Proc.Code § 335.1. Because the extension is not retroactive, it does not resuscitate claims that would have already been barred by the prior-statute of limitations. Maldonado, 370 F.3d at 954-55. Here, because the instant action was commenced on May 15, 2002, any claims accruing before May 15, 2001 are time-barred.
Federal law determines when a civil rights claim accrues. Maldonado, 370 F.3d at 955. "`Under federal law, a claim accrues when the plaintiff knows or has reason to know of the injury which is the basis of the action.'" Id. Under federal law, § 1983 claims relating to pending charges do not accrue until the charges are dismissed if a judgment in favor of the plaintiff would necessarily imply the invalidity of any sentence that might result from prosecution of pending charges. See Harvey v. Waldron, 210 F.3d 1008, 1014-16 (9th Cir.2000) ("hold[ing] that a § 1983 action alleging illegal search and seizure of evidence upon which criminal charges are based does not accrue until the criminal charges have been dismissed or the conviction has been overturned."); accord Whitaker v. Garcetti, 486 F.3d 572, 583 (9th Cir.2007). In this case, because Womack's § 1983 action challenges the searches and seizure of evidence upon which the criminal charges were based, his Fourth Amendment claims did not accrue until the criminal charges were dismissed on August 6, 2001. As such, Womack's Fourth Amendment claims are timely because the instant action was commenced on May 15, 2002, less than one-year after the criminal charges were dismissed.[6]
C. State Agent Immunity Under § 1983
The County argues that summary adjudication is appropriate with respect to Womack's Fourth Amendment claims because the County officials connected with this action are immune from liability by virtue of the Eleventh Amendment and the doctrine of sovereign immunity.
Section 1983 provides for a damages action against "[e]very person" who, while acting under color of law, subjects another to "the deprivation of any rights, privileges, or immunities secured by the Constitution and laws." The federal Constitution's Eleventh Amendment grants sovereign immunity from such suits not only to each of the fifty states but also to state officers. See Will v. Michigan Dept. of State Police, 491 U.S. 58, 71, 109 S.Ct. 2304, 105 L.Ed.2d 45 (1989). This is because a suit against a state officer "is no different from a suit against the State itself." Id.; see Doe v. Lawrence Livermore Nat'l Lab., 131 F.3d 836, 839 (9th Cir.1997) (a federal action for monetary damages against an individual State official acting in his official capacity is barred by the Eleventh Amendment in the same way that an action against the State is barred). The United States Supreme Court has held that cities, counties, and local officers sued in their official capacity are themselves "persons" for purposes of § 1983 and, although they cannot be held vicariously liable under § 1983 for their subordinate officers' unlawful acts, they can be held directly liable for constitutional violations carried out under their own regulations, policies, customs, or usages by persons having "final policymaking authority" over the actions at issue. McMillian v. Monroe County, 520 U.S. 781, 784-85, 117 S.Ct. 1734, 138 L.Ed.2d 1 (1997).[7] However, states and state officers sued in their official capacity are not considered persons under § 1983 and are immune from liability under the statute by virtue of the Eleventh Amendment and the doctrine of sovereign immunity. Howlett v. Rose, 496 U.S. 356, 365, 110 S.Ct. 2430, 110 L.Ed.2d 332 (1990). Whether this applies to a particular governmental official is a of federal law, but the "inquiry is dependent on an analysis of state law." McMillian, 520 U.S. at 786, 117 S.Ct. 1734,
The framework for determining whether an official qualifies for Eleventh Amendment immunity in § 1983 claims was established by the United States Supreme Court in McMillian, 520 U.S. 781, 117 S.Ct. 1734, 138 L.Ed.2d 1. First, a court should "ask whether governmental officials are final policymakers for the local government in a particular area, or on a particular issue." Id. at 785, 117 S.Ct. 1734. Second, the actual function of a governmental official, in a particular area, depends "on the definition of the official's functions under relevant state law." Id. at 786, 117 S.Ct. 1734. While state law serves as valuable evidence for this determination, federal courts need not blindly accept the California Supreme Court's "balancing of the different provisions of state law in determining liability under § 1983." Weiner v. San Diego County, 210 F.3d 1025, 1029 (9th Cir.2000). The federal analysis of state law to determine § 1983 liability includes an inquiry into the "state's constitution, statutes, and case law." Brewster v. Shasta County, 275 F.3d 803, 806 (9th Cir.2001). Thus, while "[t]he California Supreme Court is the ultimate interpreter of California state law[,]" Weiner, 210 F.3d at 1028-29, when determining a county's liability under McMillian, federal courts engage in an "independent analysis of California's constitution, statutes and case law." See Streit v. County of Los Angeles, 236 F.3d 552, 561 (9th Cir.2001). Because § 1983 liability implicates federal, not state law, California case law is not controlling. Id. at 564; see Owen v. City of Independence, 445 U.S. 622, 647 n. 30, 100 S.Ct. 1398, 63 L.Ed.2d 673 (1980) ("Municipal defenses-including an assertion of sovereign immunity-to a federal right of action are, of course, controlled by federal law."). The determination of whether a county official acts for the state or for the county is a question of law. See Jett v. Dallas Independent School Dist, 491 U.S. 701, 737, 109 S.Ct. 2702, 105 L.Ed.2d 598 (1989).
In the present case, the County argues that it is immune from liability under the Eleventh Amendment on the basis that in California, a district attorney and his investigators act on behalf of the state rather than the county when engaged in investigating crime. Womack, for his part, maintains that the County is not immune from liability under the Eleventh Amendment because, under Ninth Circuit precedent, a district attorney (as a policymaker for the County with respect to obtaining and executing warrants) and/or his deputies and investigators (policymakers through delegation) act on behalf of the county rather than the state when investigating crime. Because the County does not dispute that the District Attorney has final policymaking authority over obtaining and executing warrants,[8] the County's § 1983 liability, turns, in part, on whether district attorneys and their investigators, when investigating crime, act on behalf of the state (which would immunize the County from § 1983 liability), or on behalf of the county (which would subject the County to § 1983 liability).
Presently, as noted by the parties, there is a split in authority between the Ninth Circuit and the California Supreme Court with respect to whether a district attorney acts on behalf of the state or the county when investigating crime. Compare Pitts v. County of Kern, 17 Cal.4th 340, 362, 70 Cal.Rptr.2d 823, 949 P.2d 920 (1998) (reviewing California's constitution, statutes and case law, and concluding that a district attorney represents the state rather than the county when preparing to prosecute and when prosecuting crimes, and when establishing policy and training in such areas); with Bishop Paiute Tribe v. County of Inyo, 291 F.3d 549, 562-565 (9th Cir.2002) (reviewing California's constitution, statutes and case law, and concluding that a district attorney represents the county rather than the state when engaging in investigatory conduct (e.g., obtaining and executing search warrants) as opposed to prosecutorial conduct) vacated and remanded on other grounds by Inyo County v. Paiute-Shoshone Indians of the Bishop Community of the Bishop Colony, 538 U.S. 701, 123 S.Ct. 1887, 155 L.Ed.2d 933 (2003).[9] Following Bishop, the California Supreme Court clarified its holding in Pitts by explaining that a district attorney represents the state, and is not considered a policymaker for the county, when prosecuting crimes and when preparing to prosecute crimes, including investigating crimes in advance of prosecution. See Venegas v. County of Los Angeles, 32 Cal.4th 820, 832-33, 11 Cal.Rptr.3d 692, 87 P.3d 1 (2004). In Venegas, the California Supreme Court stated that the "precise holding [in Pitts] was that a district attorney `is a state official when preparing to prosecute and when prosecuting criminal violations of state law[,]'" which is "to situations in which district actually engaged in performing law enforcement duties, such as investigating and prosecuting crime, or training staff and developing policy involving such matters." Venegas, 32 Cal.4th at 838-39, 11 Cal.Rptr.3d 692, 87 P.3d 1 (emphasis in original).[10] In Pitts, Bishop and Venegas, both the Ninth Circuit and the California Supreme Court applied the analytical framework set forth in McMillian, but nonetheless reached conflicting conclusions. Thus, the question becomes which analysis the court should follow.
In the present case, the court finds the Ninth Circuit's reasoning in Bishop to be persuasive.[11] Although the Ninth Circuit's McMillian analysis in Bishop pre-dated the California Supreme Court's analysis in Venegas, and therefore lacked the benefit of the analysis by the state's highest court, ultimately the holding in Venegas is only binding on state courts because the ultimate issue-whether or not California district attorney's are subject to liability under § 1983 when investigating crime-is a question of federal law even though it requires the application of some principles of state law to resolve it. Streit, 236 F.3d at 560 ("The question of municipal liability under section 1983 is one of federal law."). Thus, while Venegas and Pitts are relevant in this court's "analysis of state law" as required by McMillian, these cases do not overturn the Ninth Circuit's reasoning in Bishop on the ultimate question under the federal statute. Accordingly, until Bishop is overturned by a panel of the Ninth Circuit or the United States Supreme Court, the Ninth Circuit's reasoning in Bishop is persuasive authority for this court. Therefore, because the Ninth Circuit in Bishop squarely addressed the issue of whether a district attorney acts on behalf of the state rather than the county when investigating crimes, and concluded, after applying the McMillian analytical framework, that a district attorney acts for the county when engaging in investigatory acts, Bishop, 291 F.3d at 562-65, the court concludes that the district attorneys and the district attorney investigator in this action are not immune from liability under the Eleventh Amendment and the doctrine of sovereign immunity for their acts in connection with obtaining and executing the search warrants at issue.[12] As such, the County is not immune from § 1983 liability.
Nevertheless, the court concludes that Womack's Monell claim fails because there is no direct evidence before the court of the existence of an unconstitutional policy, nor is there any evidence of a pattern of municipal activity on the part of the County. No other incidents are described. Nor is there proof that the alleged constitutional deprivations were caused by an existing, unconstitutional municipal policy, which can be attributed to a municipal policymaker. See City of Okl. City v. Tuttle, 471 U.S. 808, 824, 105 S.Ct. 2427, 85 L.Ed.2d 791 (1985) (while a municipality may be liable under Monell for a single incident where the person causing the violation has "final policymaking authority" (e.g., District Attorney), "[p]roof of a single incident of unconstitutional activity is not sufficient to impose liability under Monell, unless proof of the incident includes proof that it was caused by an existing, unconstitutional municipal policy, which policy can be attributed to a municipal policymaker."). In this case, Womack asserts that his Fourth Amendment rights were violated based on: (1) District Attorney Cilenti's decision to assign Hall as the lead investigator despite his inexperience investigating environmental crimes; and (2) District Attorney Riebe's decision to seek evidence of new crimes in the "second search warrant."[13] These alleged incidents of unconstitutional activity are insufficient to establish municipal liability because there is no evidence that the alleged deprivations were caused by an existing, unconstitutional municipal policy, which can be attributed to a municipal policymaker.
To the extent that Womack attempts to argue that municipal liability attaches based upon the notion that Cilenti and Riebe ratified the unconstitutional conduct of subordinates, the court rejects this argument. Womack did not proffer evidence demonstrating that either Cilenti or Riebe ratified a subordinate's decision and the basis for it, and had knowledge of the alleged constitutional violation and actually approved it. See Christie, 176 F.3d at 1239. (while a municipality may be liable under Monell for a single incident where a final policymaker ratifies a subordinates decision, ratification requires proof that an authorized policymaker has approved the subordinates decision and the basis for it, and has knowledge of the alleged constitutional violation and actually approves it). The mere assignment of Hall as an investigator, without more, is insufficient to support municipal liability predicated upon a ratification theory. Nor is Riebe's decision to seek evidence of new crimes in the "second search warrant," without more, sufficient evidence to support municipal liability predicated upon a ratification theory. Riebe's refusal to overrule a subordinate's completed act (i.e., the affidavit prepared by Irey and Moore in support of the second search warrant) does not constitute approval to support Monell liability.[14]See Weisbuch v. County of Los Angeles, 119 F.3d 778, 781-82 (9th Cir.1997) ("To hold cities liable under section 1983 whenever policymakers fail to overrule the unconstitutional discretionary acts of subordinates would simply smuggle respondeat superior liability into section 1983.") (citation and internal quotation marks omitted). Additionally, to the extent that Womack argues that municipal liability attaches to the County based upon the notion that Irey, Hall or Moore exercised policymaking authority on behalf of the County over obtaining and executing the search warrants at issue, the court finds this argument unpersuasive. Womack cites neither facts nor law to support the proposition that, as a matter of state law, a deputy district attorney, or a district attorney investigator, or a California Highway Patrol Officer are individuals whose acts represent official County policy, i.e., Womack failed to demonstrate that Irey, Hall or Moore had the authority to make final policy over obtaining and executing search warrants or that their edicts or acts in this regard may be fairly said to represent official policy of the municipality. See Trevino v. Gates, 99 F.3d 911, 920 (9th Cir. 1996) (concluding that police officers are not officials with final policy-making authority); Bach, 147 Cal.App.3d at 570, 195 Cal.Rptr. 268 (concluding that while a District Attorney is someone whose acts represent official policy, this rule does not extend to deputy district attorneys (or municipal employees other than elected representatives or departmental supervisors) because it would cause municipalities to be routinely liable for the tortious acts of employees who violate constitutional rights violating the teachings of Monell, namely that there is no respondeat superior liability under § 1983). Moreover, the court finds that Womack failed to designate specific facts raising the existence of a genuine issue of material fact as to whether final policymaking authority was ever delegated to Irey, Hall or Moore. The mere assignment of Irey, Hall and Moore to investigate Womack by the District Attorney, without more, is insufficient to establish a genuine issue of material fact as to whether final policymaking authority was delegated to Irey, Hall or Moore.[15] Finally, the court finds that Womack's failure to train/supervise theory of municipal liability fails because he did not proffer evidence demonstrating that the alleged inadequacy of training or supervision was the result of a "deliberate" or "conscious" choice. While a local government may be liable for constitutional violations resulting from its failure to supervise, monitor or train, liability only attaches where the inadequacy of said supervision, monitoring or training amounts to deliberate indifference to the rights of the people with whom the local government comes into contact. See City of Canton v. Harris, 489 U.S. 378, 388, 109 S.Ct. 1197, 103 L.Ed.2d 412(1989); Long v. County of Los Angeles, 442 F.3d 1178, 1188-89 (9th Cir.2006); see also Alexander v. City and County of San Francisco, 29 F.3d 1355, 1367 (9th Cir.1994) (absent evidence showing that the alleged inadequacy in training was the result of a "deliberate" or "conscious" choice, any shortfall in training can only be classified as negligence on the part of the municipal defendant-a much lower standard of fault than the deliberate indifference necessary to establish a municipal policy).
For these reasons, summary adjudication of Womack's Fourth Amendment claims is appropriate.
D. Malicious Prosecution
The County argues that summary adjudication of Womack's malicious prosecution claim is appropriate because Womack failed to proffer evidence establishing a genuine issue of material fact as to whether the prior criminal prosecution was pursued to a favorable termination.
The general rule is that a malicious prosecution claim is not cognizable under § 1983 if process is available in the state judicial system to provide a remedy. Usher v. City of Los Angeles, 828 F.2d 556, 561 (9th Cir.1987). Nonetheless, "an exception exists to the general rule when a malicious prosecution is conducted with the intent to deprive a person of equal protection of the laws or is otherwise intended to subject a person to a denial of constitutional rights." Bretz v. Kelman, 773 F.2d 1026, 1031 (9th Cir.1985) (en banc). Thus, a malicious prosecution plaintiff "must show that the defendants prosecuted her with malice and without probable cause, and that they did so for the purpose of denying her equal protection or another specific constitutional right." Freeman v. City of Santa Ana, 68 F.3d 1180, 1189 (9th Cir.1995).
A malicious prosecution claim under § 1983 is based on state law elements. See Usher, 828 F.2d at 562. In California, the malicious prosecution plaintiff must plead and prove that the prior proceeding commenced by or at the direction of the malicious prosecution defendant, was: (1) pursued to a legal termination favorable to the plaintiff; (2) brought without probable cause; and (3) initiated with malice. Villa v. Cole, 4 Cal. App.4th 1327, 1335, 6 Cal.Rptr.2d 644 (1992); Sagonowsky v. More, 64 Cal. App.4th 122, 128, 75 Cal.Rptr.2d 118 (1998). If a plaintiff cannot establish any one of these three elements, his malicious prosecution action will fail. StaffPro, Inc. v. Elite Show Services, Inc., 136 Cal. App.4th 1392, 1398, 39 Cal.Rptr.3d 682 (2006).
With respect to the element of favorable termination, this element "requires a termination reflecting the merits of the action and plaintiffs innocence of the misconduct." Pattiz v. Minye, 61 Cal. App.4th 822, 826, 71 Cal.Rptr.2d 802 (1998). A termination is "not necessarily favorable simply because the party prevailed in the prior proceeding; the termination must relate to the merits of the action by reflecting either on the innocence of or lack of responsibility for the misconduct alleged against him." Sagonowsky, 64 Cal.App.4th at 128, 75 Cal.Rptr.2d 118. "If the resolution of the underlying action leaves some doubt concerning plaintiffs innocence or liability, it is not a favorable termination sufficient to allow a cause of action for malicious prosecution." Pattiz, 61 Cal.App.4th at 826, 71 Cal.Rptr.2d 802. "`It is hornbook law that the plaintiff in a malicious prosecution action must plead and prove that the prior judicial proceeding of which he complains terminated in his favor.'" Sagonowsky, 64 Cal.App.4th at 128, 75 Cal.Rptr.2d 118; see Awabdy v. City of Adelanto, 368 F.3d 1062, 1068 (9th Cir.2004) (an individual seeking to bring a malicious prosecution claim must generally establish that the prior proceedings terminated in such a manner as to indicate his innocence. A dismissal in the interests of justice satisfies this requirement if it reflects the opinion of the prosecuting party or the court that the action lacked merit or would result in a decision in favor of the defendant.). "Favorable termination `is an essential element of the tort of malicious prosecution, and it is strictly enforced.'" StaffPro, 136 Cal.App.4th at 1400, 39 Cal. Rptr.3d 682. The element of favorable termination in a malicious prosecution action is a legal question for the court to decide. Id. at 1398, 39 Cal.Rptr.3d 682.
In the present case, the underlying action was the prosecution of Womack for environmental crimes allegedly committed during the removal and disposal of an underground storage tank. Following a search of Womack's residence and seizure of documents, Womack was indicted by a grand jury on twenty-one counts, most of which concerned the removal of the underground storage tank and actions related to its disposal. The prosecution of this action was subsequently terminated on a motion by the Attorney General's Office to dismiss all charges "in the interests of justice." Shortly thereafter, a civil enforcement action was instituted by the Attorney General's Office against Womack predicated upon the same facts as the criminal prosecution, seeking, among other things, civil penalties for the unlawful removal and disposal of the underground storage tank.[16] Womack maintains that a termination of the criminal prosecution "in the interests of justice" is sufficient to satisfy the favorable termination element of his malicious prosecution claim. In this regard, the court finds that Womack has failed to carry his burden to demonstrate that the prior criminal prosecution was pursued to a favorable termination. Specifically, Womack failed to proffer evidence demonstrating that the criminal prosecution was terminated in such a manner to reflect that the action lacked merit or would result in a decision favorable to Womack. Rather, Womack has baldly asserted, without citation to controlling authority, that a termination "in the interests of justice" is sufficient to satisfy the favorable termination element of his malicious prosecution claim at the summary judgment stage.[17] The court disagrees.[18] As the party bearing the burden of proof on this issue at trial, Womack was required, after the County pointed to the absence of evidence on this issue, to produce evidence indicating that the criminal prosecution terminated in such a manner to reflect the action lacked merit or would result in a decision favorable to Womack. Womack failed to do so. Accordingly, because the termination of the underlying prosecution leaves some doubt concerning Womack's innocence or liability, and because Womack failed to establish a genuine issue of material fact as to whether the underlying dismissal constitutes a favorable termination, the County is entitled to summary adjudication on Womack's malicious prosecution claim. See Pattiz, 61 Cal.App.4th at 826-27, 71 Cal.Rptr.2d 802 (summary adjudication is appropriate if a plaintiff cannot establish an element of his or her malicious prosecution claim).[19]
For these reasons, summary adjudication of Womack's malicious prosecution claim is appropriate.
III. CONCLUSION
For the reasons stated above, the motion is GRANTED. Plaintiffs claims against the County of Amador are hereby DISMISSED with prejudice.
IT IS SO ORDERED.
ENTERED this 6th day of March, 20008.
NOTES
[1] The other named defendants are: Rich Dunlop and Robert Wertman, California Highway Patrol Officers, Jim Walshaw, an Amador County District Attorney Investigator, and James Garcia, an investigator for the California Department of Insurance. Compl. ¶¶ 10-13.
[2] Womack also alleges a Fourteenth Amendment malicious prosecution claim.
[3] Inasmuch as the Court concludes the parties have submitted memoranda thoroughly discussing the law and evidence in support of their positions, it further concludes oral argument is neither necessary nor warranted with regard to the instant matter. See Mahon v. Credit Bureau of Placer County, Inc., 171 F.3d 1197, 1200 (9th Cir.1999) (explaining that if the parties provided the district court with complete memoranda of the law and evidence in support of their positions, ordinarily oral argument would not be required).
[4] KRL is a California general partnership by and between certain children of Womack created for the ownership of land investments. Pl's Additional Material Facts ("AMF") ¶ 1.
[5] The affidavit further stated that "we have now additionally embarked on the early stages of tracking unreported income and the monies of the WOMACK'S [sic] via their various questionable transfers of personal and real property and the tax implications of those activities." Exh. 50, attached to Pl's Opp. to Def.'s MSJ/MSA.
[6] Alternatively, Womack's Fourth Amendment claims are timely because, under California law, these claims were tolled during the period in which criminal charges were pending as this action is based, in part, on the conduct of a county peace officer. See Cal. Gov't Code § 945.3 ("No person charged by indictment... or other accusatory pleading charging a criminal offense may bring a civil action for money or damages against a peace officer or the public entity employing a peace officer based upon conduct of the peace officer relating to the offense for which the accused is charged, including an act or omission in investigating or reporting the offense or arresting or detaining the accused, while the charges against the accused are pending before a superior court."). The definition of "peace officer" includes an investigator employed by the D.A.'s Office (e.g., Hall). See Cal.Penal Code § 830.1 (defining peace officer as "[a]ny sheriff, undersheriff, or deputy sheriff, employed in that capacity, of a county,... or any inspector or investigator employed in that capacity in the office of a district attorney, is a peace officer.").
[7] A plaintiff may establish municipal liability by showing: (1) a longstanding practice or custom which constitutes the standard operating procedure of the local government entity; or (2) that the decision-making official was, as a matter of state law, a final policymaking authority whose edicts or acts may fairly be said to represent official policy in the area of decision; or (3) that an official with final policymaking authority either delegated that authority to, or ratified the decision of, a subordinate. Ulrich v. City and County of San Francisco, 308 F.3d 968, 984-85 (9th Cir. 2002); Menotti v. City of Seattle, 409 F.3d 1113, 1147 (9th Cir.2005). A municipal policy may be inferred from widespread practices or evidence of repeated constitutional violations for which the errant municipal officers were not discharged or reprimanded. Menotti, 409 F.3d at 1147 (internal quotation marks omitted). A municipality can also be liable for an isolated constitutional violation when the person causing the violation has "final policymaking authority." Christie v. Iopa, 176 F.3d 1231, 1235 (9th Cir. 1999). Whether an official has final policymaking authority is a question for the court to decide based on state law. Id. Here, Womack does not point to a municipal policy to support his Monell claim; rather, he bases this claim on the ground that the alleged constitutional deprivations were caused by the decisions of County officials with final policymaking authority.
[8] See Bach v. County of Butte, 147 Cal.App.3d 554, 570, 195 Cal.Rptr. 268 (1983) (concluding that the District Attorney is someone whose acts represent official policy).
[9] See also Weiner, 210 F.3d at 1030 (applying the McMillian analytic framework and concluding that, as a matter of law, based upon California's constitution, statutes and case law, a county district attorney acts as a state official when engaging in prosecutorial conduct (e.g., a district attorney represents the state when deciding whether to prosecute an individual)).
[10] In clarifying Pitts, the California Supreme Court expressly criticized the distinction drawn by Bishop between a district attorney prosecuting crime on the one hand and investigating crime on the other; observing that a district attorney acts on behalf of the state when investigating crimes in advance of prosecution because: "`[n]o meaningful analytical distinction can be made between ... prosecuting crime on the one hand, and training/policymaking regarding criminal investigation and prosecution on the other[.] Indeed, a contrary rule would require impossibly precise distinctions.'" See Venegas, 32 Cal.4th at 833, 837-39, 11 Cal.Rptr.3d 692, 87 P.3d 1.
[11] While the court recognizes that the Bishop decision has no precedential authority because it has been vacated, Durning v. Citibank, N.A., 950 F.2d 1419, 1424, n. 2 (9th Cir. 1991), it nonetheless finds the case to have persuasive value. DHX, Inc. v. Allianz AGF MAT, Ltd., 425 F.3d 1169, 1176 (9th Cir.2005) (observing that "at minimum, a vacated opinion still carries informational and perhaps even persuasive or precedential value"); see also County of Los Angeles v. Davis, 440 U.S. 625, 646 n. 10, 99 S.Ct. 1379, 59 L.Ed.2d 642 (1979) (Powell, J., dissenting) (asserting that the opinion of the court of appeals, though vacated, "will continue to have precedential weight and, until contrary authority is decided, [is] likely to be viewed as persuasive authority if not the governing law of the [] Circuit").
[12] Although this case differs from Bishop insofar as Womack was indicted at the time of the second search, this search, like the search in Bishop, was an investigative rather than prosecutorial function because it went beyond gathering evidence for the prosecution of Womack for environmental crimes as it sought evidence of whether KRL was permeated with fraud. See KRL v. Moore, 384 F.3d 1105, 1113-114 (9th Cir.2004) (concluding that the collateral investigation into whether KRL was permeated with fraud was an investigative rather than prosecutorial function because it went beyond any legitimate preparation to prosecute Womack for any crime in the removal of the storage tank or other crime charged in the indictment. Specifically, the court concluded that the defendants conduct in connection with the collateral investigation was not protected by absolute immunity "because defendants were `engage[d] in behavior typically associated with police work [such as] pursuing leads, exploratory fact gathering, and searching for evidence'"). Accordingly, because obtaining and executing the second search warrant was an investigative rather than a prosecutorial function, the district attorneys and their investigator acted on behalf of the county rather than the state with respect to such conduct, and therefore are not entitled to sovereign immunity under the Eleventh Amendment.
[13] In this regard, Womack alleges that his Fourth Amendment rights were violated because Riebe knew that the affidavit in support of the second search warrant did not establish probable cause for the issuance of a search warrant to search for evidence of new crimes.
[14] In KRL, 384 F.3d at 1116-117, the Ninth Circuit held that Riebe was entitled to qualified immunity for his approval of the January 11 warrant (i.e., the second search warrant) because it was not "so lacking in indicia of probable cause as to render official belief in its existence unreasonable." In doing so, the Ninth Circuit implicitly recognized that reasonable minds could disagree as to whether probable cause supported the second search warrant and affidavit. See KRL v. Estate of Moore, 512 F.3d 1184, 1191 (9th Cir.2008).
[15] An official delegates final policymaking authority when it delegates final authority to establish municipal policy with respect to the challenged action, not when it delegates discretion to act on the municipalities behalf. Christie, 176 F.3d at 1236. In making this determination, courts consider whether the official's discretionary decision is constrained by policies not of that official's making and whether the official's decision is subject to review by the municipality's authorized policymakers. Id. Because Womack failed to proffer evidence demonstrating that Irey, Hall or Moore had final authority to establish municipal policy over obtaining and executing search warrants, or that they were not constrained by policies not of their making, or that their decisions regarding obtaining and executing search warrants were not subject to review by the District Attorney, municipal liability does not attach to the County under § 1983 for the conduct of Irey, Hall and Moore for their conduct in connection with obtaining and executing the search warrants at issue.
[16] Decl. of Laurence L. Angelo, Exh. S.
[17] In this regard, Womack relies on Awabdy. Such reliance, however, is misplaced because Awabdy merely sets forth the standard for avoiding dismissal of a malicious prosecution claim at the pleading stage, not the production of evidence necessary to avoid summary judgment.
[18] A dismissal of criminal proceedings "in the interests of justice," is generally not deemed a favorable termination because such a dismissal reflects ambiguously on the merits of the action, thus leaving open the question of defendant's guilt or innocence. Minasian v. Sapse, 80 Cal.App.3d 823, 827 n. 4, 145 Cal. Rptr. 829 (1978); see People v. Matthews, 7 Cal.App.4th 1052, 1056, 9 Cal.Rptr.2d 348 (1992) ("[D]ismissal [of a criminal indictment] in the interests of justice does not necessarily imply factual innocence, but rather may reflect the result of a negotiated or pragmatic disposition of the case.").
[19] Indeed, the fact that the Attorney General's Office instituted a civil enforcement action against Womack shortly after dismissing the criminal charges, predicated upon the same facts, suggests that the charges against Womack were not dismissed based on his innocence or lack of responsibility.
| 2024-07-11T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/1366 |
package org.persvr.datasource;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.StringWriter;
import java.io.Writer;
import java.util.AbstractCollection;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import org.persvr.data.DataSourceHelper;
import org.persvr.data.DataSourceManager;
import org.persvr.data.FunctionUtils;
import org.persvr.data.Identification;
import org.persvr.data.ObjectId;
import org.persvr.data.ObjectNotFoundException;
import org.persvr.data.Persistable;
import org.persvr.data.PersistableObject;
import org.persvr.remote.DataSerializer;
import org.persvr.remote.JSONFunction;
import org.persvr.remote.JavaScriptSerializer;
import org.persvr.remote.JsonReceiver;
import org.persvr.util.JSONParser.JSONException;
/**
* A base class for JSON-based data sources (files and HTTP sources)
* @author Kris
*
*/
public abstract class AbstractJsonSource extends JsonReceiver implements DataSource, ListDataSource {
Object SOURCE_URL_KEY = new Object();
Object ACCESS_LEVEL_MAP_KEY = new Object();
//TODO: Create a job to clear these out
Map<String,Object> cachedJson = new HashMap<String,Object>();
Map<String,Long> cacheExpiration = new HashMap<String,Long>();
public abstract boolean isTrusted();
boolean trustJavaScript = false;
/**
* Gets the JSON string for a particular object id. This is called when an object needs to be initialized,
* and this AbstractJsonSource/JsonReceiver will handle the conversion of the JSON
* string to an object
* @param objectId
* @return the JSON string
* @throws Exception
*/
protected abstract Object getJson(String resourceName) throws Exception;
String id;
public String getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(String id) {
this.id = id;
}
public void mapSchema(PersistableInitializer initializer) throws Exception {
initializer.finished();
}
protected class RootAndResolved {
Object root;
Object resolved;
}
protected String getPathSeparator(){
return "\udeaf";
}
public long defaultCacheLength = 10000;
public void clearCache(){
cachedJson.clear();
}
/**
* gets the parsed JSON for a given object id
* @param objectId
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
protected RootAndResolved getMap(String objectId) throws Exception {
//TODO: in LocalJsonFileSource, we should check the file modification time
String[] paths = objectId.split(getPathSeparator());
String resourceName = paths[0];
Object object = cachedJson.get(resourceName);
if (object == null || cacheExpiration.get(resourceName) < new Date().getTime()){
object = getJson(resourceName);
cachedJson.put(resourceName, object);
cacheExpiration.put(resourceName, new Date().getTime() + defaultCacheLength);
}
RootAndResolved rar = new RootAndResolved();
rar.root = object;
Object last = null;
for (int i = 1; i < paths.length; i++){
String pathPart = paths[i];
if (object instanceof Map)
object = ((Map) object).get(pathPart);
else if (object instanceof List)
try{
object = ((List) object).get(Integer.parseInt(pathPart));
}catch(IndexOutOfBoundsException e){
throw new ObjectNotFoundException(this, objectId);
}
if (object == null) {
if ("schema".equals(pathPart))// a little exception so we can bootstrap
((Map)last).put("schema",object = new HashMap());
else
throw new ObjectNotFoundException(this,objectId);
}
last = object;
}
rar.resolved = object;
return rar;
}
DataSerializer serializer = new JavaScriptSerializer(){
public void serialize(Object value,Request request, Writer writer) {
Serialization serialization = new ConfigSerialization();
serialization.request = request;
try {
serialization.writeValue(writer, value, false);
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
class ConfigSerialization extends JavaScriptSerialization {
protected boolean canReference(Persistable obj, Persistable referrer) {
return obj.getId().source != AbstractJsonSource.this && obj.getId().source != null;
}
}
};
boolean useIds(){
return true;
}
protected Object convertJsonToJavaScript(Object value, String id) {
String fullId = (id.startsWith("http://") || id.startsWith("https://")) ? id : (getId() + '/' + id);
if (value instanceof Map || value instanceof List){
if (value instanceof Map && ((Map)value).containsKey("$ref")){
Identification refId = Identification.idForRelativeString(fullId, (String) ((Map)value).get("$ref"));
if(refId instanceof ObjectId && ((ObjectId)refId).subObjectId == null){
refId = ObjectId.idForObject(DataSourceManager.getMetaClassSource(), ((ObjectId)refId).source.getId());
}
return refId;
}
Identification objId;
if (value instanceof Map && ((Map)value).containsKey("id") && useIds())
objId= Identification.idForRelativeString(fullId, (String) ((Map)value).get("id"));
else
objId = ObjectId.idForObject(this, id, true);
if(!(objId instanceof ObjectId))
throw new RuntimeException("An canonical id must be used for object identification");
synchronized(objId){
PersistableInitializer initializer = DataSourceHelper.initializeObject((ObjectId) objId);
if(!PersistableObject.checkForExistingDirty(initializer)){
Object result = mapJson(initializer,value, objId.subObjectId);
if(result != null)
return result;
}
}
return objId;
}
else if (value instanceof JSONFunction){
if(isTrusted()){
value = FunctionUtils.createFunction(((JSONFunction) value).toString(), "function");
}else{
value = FunctionUtils.createFunction("function(){throw new AccessError(\"Server code not trusted from " + getId() + "\");}", "function");
}
}
return value;
}
//TODO: mapArray
public void mapObject(PersistableInitializer initializer, final String objectId) throws Exception {
ObjectId objId = ObjectId.idForObject(this, objectId);
final Object object = getMap(objectId).resolved;
mapJson(initializer,object,objectId);
}
protected Object mapJson(PersistableInitializer initializer, final Object object, final String objectId) {
if (object instanceof Map){
for (Map.Entry<String,Object> entry : ((Map<String,Object>)object).entrySet()){
String key = entry.getKey();
if (!"id".equals(key))
initializer.setProperty(key, convertJsonToJavaScript(entry.getValue(),objectId + getPathSeparator() + key));
}
}
else if (object instanceof List){
initializer.initializeList(new AbstractCollection<Object>(){
public Iterator<Object> iterator(){
return new Iterator(){
int i = 0;
public boolean hasNext() {
return i < ((List)object).size();
}
public Object next() {
try {
return convertJsonToJavaScript(((List)object).get(i),objectId + getPathSeparator() + i++);
} catch (JSONException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
public void remove() {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Not implemented yet");
}
};
}
public int size(){
return ((List)object).size();
}
});
}
if(objectId.indexOf(getPathSeparator()) != -1) {
int lastPathStart = objectId.lastIndexOf(getPathSeparator());
initializer.setParent(ObjectId.idForObject(this, objectId.substring(0,lastPathStart), true));
}
return null;
}
protected static String getResourceAsString(InputStream is) throws IOException {
BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));
StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
String line;
while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
buffer.append(line);
buffer.append("\n");
}
return buffer.toString();
}
InheritableThreadLocal<Set<String>> dirty = new InheritableThreadLocal<Set<String>>();
InheritableThreadLocal<Set<Persistable>> newObjects = new InheritableThreadLocal<Set<Persistable>>();
public void abortTransaction() throws Exception {
}
protected abstract void setJson(String resourceName, String json) throws Exception;
// TODO: May need to include the target table when doing path based guesses for POSTs
protected abstract void newJson(String json) throws Exception;
/**
* suppress writes during startup
*/
public static boolean suppressWrites = true ;
/**
* serializes all the dirty objects
* @throws Exception
*/
public void commitTransaction() throws Exception {
if(suppressWrites)
return;
for (String resourceName : dirty.get()){
setJson(resourceName,serialize(ObjectId.idForObject(this, resourceName, true).getTarget()));
}
for (Persistable newObject : newObjects.get()){
newJson(serialize(newObject));
}
}
public NewObjectPersister recordNewObject(Persistable object) throws Exception {
newObjects.get().add(object);
return new StartAsEmptyPersister(){
String id = (Math.random() +"").substring(2);
public String getObjectId() {
return id;
}
public boolean isHiddenId() {
return true;
}
public DataSource getSource() {
return AbstractJsonSource.this;
}
@Override
public void recordProperty(String name, Object value) throws Exception {
}
};
}
protected String serialize(Persistable target){
StringWriter writer = new StringWriter();
serializer.serialize(target, new DataSerializer.Request(){
public int[] getIndexRange(List obj) {
return new int[]{0,obj.size()};
}
public String idString(Identification id) {
return id.toString(AbstractJsonSource.this, "");
}
public boolean shouldSerialize(Persistable obj) {
return obj.getId().source == AbstractJsonSource.this || obj.getId().source == null;
}
public boolean getFeature(SerializerFeature feature) {
return feature == SerializerFeature.IncludeServerMethods;
}
}, writer);
return writer.toString();
}
public void makeDirty(String objectId){
dirty.get().add(objectId.split(getPathSeparator())[0]);
}
public void startTransaction() throws Exception {
dirty.set(new HashSet<String>());
newObjects.set(new HashSet<Persistable>());
}
public boolean hiddenId(String id) {
return id == null || id.indexOf(getPathSeparator()) > -1;
}
public void recordList(String objectId, List<? extends Object> values)throws Exception {
int i = 0;
for(Object value : values)
handleNewObject(value, "" + (i++), objectId);
makeDirty(objectId);
}
public void recordPropertyAddition(String objectId, String name, Object value, int attributes) throws Exception {
handleNewObject(value,name,objectId);
makeDirty(objectId);
//recordPropertyChange(objectId, name, value);
}
/*Object getDirtyObject(String objectId)throws Exception{
RootAndResolved rar = getMap(objectId);
dirtyJson.put(objectId.split(pathSeparator)[0], rar.root);
return rar.resolved;
}*/
public void recordPropertyChange(String objectId, String name, Object value, int attributes) throws Exception {
//((Map)getDirtyObject(objectId)).put(name, convertJavaScriptToJson(value,objectId + pathSeparator + name));
//saveChange(objectId);
handleNewObject(value,name,objectId);
makeDirty(objectId);
}
public void recordPropertyRemoval(String objectId, String name) throws Exception {
makeDirty(objectId);
}
protected void handleNewObject(Object value, final String key, final String parentId){
if (value instanceof ObjectId) {
ObjectId id = (ObjectId) value;
id.persistIfNeeded(new StartAsEmptyPersister(){
@Override
public void initializeAsList(List<? extends Object> values) throws Exception {
int i = 0;
for(Object value : values){
handleNewObject(value instanceof Persistable ? ((Persistable) value).getId() : value, "" + (i++), getObjectId());
}
}
public boolean isHiddenId() {
return true;
}
@Override
public void recordProperty(String name, Object value) throws Exception {
handleNewObject(value instanceof Persistable ? ((Persistable) value).getId() : value, name, getObjectId());
}
public String getObjectId() {
return parentId + getPathSeparator() + key;
}
public ObjectId getParent() {
return ObjectId.idForObject(AbstractJsonSource.this, parentId, true);
}
public DataSource getSource() {
return AbstractJsonSource.this;
}
});
}
}
}
| 2024-06-14T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/9561 |
Navigator: Thank You, Next (Year)
Full disclosure: I have plagiarized the title for this edition of Navigator from the subject lines of two email party invites I received. That extremely representative sample size of two (plus all the end-of-the-year memes I’m seeing on Twitter) signal to me that many of us are eager to move on from 2018, much like Ariana Grande from her exes.
In any case, something I’d like to do before we slide into 2019 is to thank you for reading Navigator, and for writing to me about your experiences; it’s been really nice getting to know you.
In this edition, I’d like to highlight a few of the many lovely replies I’ve received this year:
Clickety Clack!: Are there objects, buildings, or other historical quirks in a city you’ve lived in that shape your memory of it?
“Providence, [Rhode Island], has some of the oldest sidewalk trees I've ever seen in a city… Their roots are now monstrous. Many have grown so big that the sidewalks above have burst upward into undulating hills, their red bricks splayed out like buck teeth.”
“Personally, I think that the ‘New York to Haiti’ line might actually depend on latitudinal lines, but only in the Western Hemisphere. See image. Whether or not Hawaii would be included largely depends on how many Mai Tais Mr. Derulo consumed on the day of the song’s conception.”
“I don't feel particularly strong ties to a city or state. The U.S. was always what I felt a tie to, and yet I had that feeling of being an immigrant, with my first memories and close family in another country.”
— Kevin (Lahore, Pakistan)
“Every experience made me closer to understanding who I'm and how I want to contribute to the world. Why? Because these experiences made me question my values and everything I believed in. They made me embrace and share the great things about my very misunderstood culture/country/territory (see: the history between Puerto Rico and the U.S.).”
Cities are changing fast. Keep up with the CityLab Daily newsletter.
The best way to follow issues you care about.
— María Mercedes Rodríguez (Aguas Buenas, Puerto Rico, U.S.)
Hometown Glory: Has living elsewhere changed your relationship to the city you grew up in?
“Over the past decade, every visit of mine to Chennai uncovers a new layer of its evolution from a conventional society to one that is now embracing the contemporary.”
What we’re taking in:
Bye bye, Bendel’s! (The New Yorker)¤ “… we stopped at Mau Summit and tasted oranges from Tanzania—so green, so sweet.” (Popula) ¤ Judging books (in art) by their covers. (Garage) ¤ “The idea of the ugly American city was probably conceived with whole chunks of Houston in mind.” (Catapult) ¤ Toledo decorates its Christmas weed. (Washington Post) ¤ “If you’ve ever been to China, you may wonder how and why such a sprawling country should exist in a single time zone. The answer is Mao.” (Lapham’s Quarterly) ¤ “… the line between “here” and “there” is unusually blurry for Zimbabweans.” (n + 1)¤ On building a tiny house for my Sims. (Kotaku)¤ A time capsule of 1930s New York. (New York Times)¤ “Unlike Chinatowns in San Francisco or New York, the “Little Saigon” areas of San Jose are not known as a tourist destination, not even in the Bay Area.” (Eater)¤
About the Author
Tanvi Misra is a staff writer for CityLab covering immigrant communities, housing, economic inequality, and culture. She also authors Navigator, a weekly newsletter for urban explorers (subscribe here). Her work also appears in The Atlantic, NPR, and BBC.
In southwest Connecticut, the gap between rich and poor is wider than anywhere else in the country. Invisible walls created by local zoning boards and the state government block affordable housing and, by extension, the people who need it. | 2023-10-16T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/9880 |
<?php
/**
* This file is part of the SevenShores/NetSuite library
* AND originally from the NetSuite PHP Toolkit.
*
* New content:
* @package ryanwinchester/netsuite-php
* @copyright Copyright (c) Ryan Winchester
* @license http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 Apache-2.0
* @link https://github.com/ryanwinchester/netsuite-php
*
* Original content:
* @copyright Copyright (c) NetSuite Inc.
* @license https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ryanwinchester/netsuite-php/master/original/NetSuite%20Application%20Developer%20License%20Agreement.txt
* @link http://www.netsuite.com/portal/developers/resources/suitetalk-sample-applications.shtml
*
* generated: 2020-07-07 11:24:43 AM CDT
*/
namespace NetSuite\Classes;
class InterCompanyTransferOrderItem {
/**
* @var \NetSuite\Classes\RecordRef
*/
public $item;
/**
* @var integer
*/
public $line;
/**
* @var float
*/
public $quantityAvailable;
/**
* @var float
*/
public $quantityOnHand;
/**
* @var float
*/
public $quantityBackOrdered;
/**
* @var float
*/
public $quantityCommitted;
/**
* @var float
*/
public $quantityFulfilled;
/**
* @var float
*/
public $quantityReceived;
/**
* @var float
*/
public $quantity;
/**
* @var float
*/
public $rate;
/**
* @var \NetSuite\Classes\RecordRef
*/
public $units;
/**
* @var float
*/
public $amount;
/**
* @var string
*/
public $description;
/**
* @var \NetSuite\Classes\InventoryDetail
*/
public $inventoryDetail;
/**
* @var \NetSuite\Classes\TransferOrderItemCommitInventory
*/
public $commitInventory;
/**
* @var \NetSuite\Classes\CustomFieldList
*/
public $options;
/**
* @var \NetSuite\Classes\RecordRef
*/
public $department;
/**
* @var \NetSuite\Classes\RecordRef
*/
public $class;
/**
* @var float
*/
public $lastPurchasePrice;
/**
* @var float
*/
public $averageCost;
/**
* @var \NetSuite\Classes\CustomFieldList
*/
public $customFieldList;
static $paramtypesmap = array(
"item" => "RecordRef",
"line" => "integer",
"quantityAvailable" => "float",
"quantityOnHand" => "float",
"quantityBackOrdered" => "float",
"quantityCommitted" => "float",
"quantityFulfilled" => "float",
"quantityReceived" => "float",
"quantity" => "float",
"rate" => "float",
"units" => "RecordRef",
"amount" => "float",
"description" => "string",
"inventoryDetail" => "InventoryDetail",
"commitInventory" => "TransferOrderItemCommitInventory",
"options" => "CustomFieldList",
"department" => "RecordRef",
"class" => "RecordRef",
"lastPurchasePrice" => "float",
"averageCost" => "float",
"customFieldList" => "CustomFieldList",
);
}
| 2024-02-23T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/9380 |
[Surgical treatment of cerebral hemorrhage. Considerations on 11 cases].
After brief comments about the angiographic findings on 298 consecutive cases of isquemic or hemorrhagic cerebral vascular strokes, cerebral angiography is emphasized as the main diagnostic method, owing to the variety of physiopathogenic and ethiologic factors involved in the genesis of this syndromes. The results of surgical treatment on eleven patients with spontaneous intracerebral hematomata are discussed in detail. Despite the great divergence among the authors about the management of massive intracerebral hemorrhage, the rapid improvement in 54.6% of the patients in this series, in our opinion justifies surgery in the majority of the cases. | 2024-01-15T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/8195 |
carjack streets
Who doesn’t wanna play the original top-view, Grand Theft Auto on their iPhone. Carjack Streets might be the closest thing we get and while it’s not out yet, seems promising. Scheduled to come out in January or February of ’09. Read More | 2023-09-01T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/3374 |
A parent of a young rugby player has revealed the radical teachings of former Wallaby star Israel Folau’s church.
Folau, who attends the Truth of Jesus Christ Church established by his father Eni in 2013, was sacked by the Wallabies after a controversial social media post in April that said homosexuals, fornicators, drunks, atheists and others were going to hell.
However, according to the teachings of Folau’s 30-strong congregation church most Christians are also bound for hell — which would include most of the donors who gave money to the former rugby player’s legal defence fund organised by the Australian Christian Lobby as well as Australian Prime Minister Scott Morrison.
When Folau started inviting other rugby players to his church, a Christian parent of a promising young rugby player started getting concerned and decided to find out herself what the Folaus were preaching. She was disturbed by what she discovered.
“I honestly do not want my son involved in what I have come to understand is false teachings and counterfeit Christianity. I’ve gone, I’ve checked it out and I would call them an isolated hate group,” the woman told Nine newspapers of her experience attending bible studies at Pastor Eni Folau’s home.
Israel Folau intensifies stance on homosexuals Embattled former rugby player Israel Folau has intensified his attack on homosexuals and slammed gender change youths during a sermon at his Sydney church on June 16, 2019.
The former Wallabies star is in a legal battle with Rugby Australia and is seeking up to $10 million in damages, claiming that he was unfairly sacked based on religious grounds.
The Australian Christian Lobby paused donations for Folau’s legal fund after it topped $2.2 million. ACL managing director Martyn Iles told the newspaper: “I have never heard from him (Folau) anything which contradicts mainstream Christian belief.”
‘ONLY WE HAVE THE TRUTH’
The parent, who was unnamed in the article, recalled her experiences with Pastor Eni and his 20-year-old nephew and disciple Josiah Folau. “Only we have the truth,” the Folaus said according to the parent.
Anyone who wasn’t baptised in the way of the Folaus is heading for hell, the parent said of their teachings.
Pastor Eni believes that someone must renounce the evils of their ways, get baptised in the name of Jesus Christ and become “reborn” in water in order to become a “born again believer”.
“If you’ve done it a different way from this then you aren’t born again,” Israel Folau said on Twitter.
His cousin Josiah even called the Catholic Church “false and filled with lies”. “Any devout Catholic person IS NOT A SAVED CHRISTIAN WHATSOEVER. Look at Catholic doctrine, almost 100% of it is false and is filled with lies,” Josiah wrote to the concerned parent. “The blasphemous Catholic mass is a paganistic ritual rooted in heresy, evil and devil worship.”
“The Catholic Church is a synagogue of Satan and I one hundred per cent believe and affirm that Roman Catholicism is masked devil worship,” he told the parent.
The baptisms of most other mainstream Christian churches who believe in the Trinity (the Father, the son and the Holy Spirit) are also false according to the Folaus, said the parent.
The church also preaches against women deaconesses or preachers, and that homosexuality is a sin “worthy of death”.
“If you believe in women preachers, Satan’s got you!” Josiah said, quoting from his uncle’s sermon.
POISONOUS RELATIONSHIP WITH HILLSONG
The Folaus also reportedly have a poisonous relationship with Australian mega church Hillsong and its pastor Brian Houston.
In a series of tweets in June last year, Israel Folau called out Houston and his teachings.
“You can’t deny the word of God @BrianCHouston … stop teaching false doctrines and leading millions of people astray. People that are following such heresy. YOU need to wake up!!!” Folau tweeted.
“There’s a name for pastors who never speak of sin, repentance or hell — they’re called false teachers,” he wrote in another tweet.
Houston replied: “@IzzyFolau has lost touch with the goodness and grace of Jesus and it’s tragic … Who is bewitching you Israel? I am still here on the same mobile number.”
Folau hit back: “There’s one thing that’s common with all you prosperity preachers, You don’t ever speak of repentance, Hell, Sin. You (sic) worried about losing crowds & $$.”
In April, Houston wrote a message to Folau calling for him to embrace love rather than trying to scare people into siding with his beliefs.
“As Christians it is equally important to look at ourselves and our own failings and imperfections,” Houston wrote for the Sydney Morning Herald.
“If you look at the list of sins that Izzy listed there’s not too many people he’s left out, including Christians. There isn’t a person on earth who hasn’t told a lie or put something before God (idolatry).
“In 40 years of telling people about the good news of Jesus, I have seen that the ‘turn or burn’, approach to proclaiming the message of Christianity alienates people. Scaring people doesn’t draw them into the love of Jesus. The world doesn’t need more judgmental Christians.”
This article was originally published by the New Zealand Herald and reproduced with permission | 2023-10-24T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/3655 |
Q:
Passing global variables as const reference
The following code compiles and works. The value displayed of both a and n are 4.
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int a = 2;
void foo(int const&n)
{
a = n*2;
cout<<"a = "<<a<<" n = "<<n<<endl;
}
int main()
{
foo(a);
}
OUTPUT: a = 4 n = 4
Why does the compiler not complain about n being a const reference? For example, the following code fails to compile.
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int a = 2;
void foo(int const&a)
{
a = a*2;
cout<<"a = "<<a<<endl;
}
int main()
{
foo(a);
}
OUTPUT: In function 'void foo(const int&)':
10:7: error: assignment of read-only reference 'a'
How are the two cases different ?
A:
In the first case you're assigning to a global variable a. n changes because it's a reference to the mutable global variable. Changing a is allowed, but changing n directly is forbidden.
In the second case you're trying to re-assign to the const argument a. This is forbidden as a is const.
What you've done is shadow global variable a with a local variable. In the second example, within foo the global variable named a does not exist, instead there's an argument that occupies that name.
| 2024-06-22T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/6866 |
Saturday, August 12, 2017
Nazis March In Charlottesville, Virginia (UPDATED)
Hundreds of tiki torch- bearing (!) American Nazis held a march last night through the campus of the University of Virginia in Charlottesville, in advance of today's demonstration at the site of a statue to traitor Robert E. Lee:
White nationalists and counterprotesters are expected to flood downtown Charlottesville Saturday as the Virginia city braces for the "Unite the Right" rally.
By noon, thousands are expected to gather in Emancipation Park, where barricades have been placed in proximity to the statue of Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee.
The rally comes hours after a large group of torch-bearing white nationalists marched through the University of Virginia campus Friday night. [snip]
Torch-bearing white nationalists confirmed the fears of residents and officials Friday night when hundreds descended upon the UVA campus.
Chanting "blood and soil" and "you will not replace us," the group rallied around a statue of Thomas Jefferson before they clashed with counterprotesters, CNN affiliate WWBT reported. The group left the university's grounds when police arrived and ruled it unlawful assembly.
Calling themselves "white nationalists" or "alt right" or some other nomenclature is too imprecise for this virulent group of shitheels. If you're carrying torches and chanting "blood and soil," that's not a dog whistle -- it's a Nazi bullhorn.
University of Virginia political analyst and pollster Larry Sabato expressed feelings most of us would share:
In my 47 years of association with @UVA, this was the most nauseating thing I've ever seen. We need an exorcism on the Lawn. | 2023-10-29T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/9602 |
<?php
require_once '/lib/DataSourceResult.php';
require_once '/lib/Kendo/Autoload.php';
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
header('Content-Type: application/json');
$request = json_decode(file_get_contents('php://input'));
$result = new DataSourceResult('sqlite:sample.db');
$type = $_GET['type'];
$columns = array('ProductID', 'ProductName', 'UnitPrice', 'UnitsInStock', 'Discontinued', 'CategoryID');
switch($type) {
case 'create':
$result = $result->create('Products', $columns, $request->models, 'ProductID');
break;
case 'read':
$result = $result->read('Products', $columns, $request);
break;
case 'update':
$result = $result->update('Products', $columns, $request->models, 'ProductID');
break;
case 'destroy':
$result = $result->destroy('Products', $request->models, 'ProductID');
break;
}
echo json_encode($result,JSON_NUMERIC_CHECK);
exit;
}
require_once 'header.php';
?>
<div id="grid"></div>
<script>
$(function () {
$.ajax({
url: "editing-custom.php?type=categories",
type: "POST",
dataType: "json",
success: function(result) {
//the items are nested in data field
var data = result.data;
var formattedData = [];
//format the response
for (var i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
formattedData.push({
text: data[i].CategoryName,
value: data[i].CategoryID
})
}
//initialize Grid
createGrid(formattedData);
}
});
});
function categoryDropDownEditor(container, options) {
$('<input data-text-field="CategoryName" data-value-field="CategoryID" data-bind="value:' + options.field + '"/>')
.appendTo(container)
.kendoDropDownList({
autoBind: false,
dataSource: {
schema: {
data: "data"
},
transport: {
read: {
url: "editing-custom.php?type=categories",
type: "POST",
dataType: "json"
}
}
}
});
}
function createGrid(dropDownListValues) {
$("#grid").kendoGrid({
columns: [{
field: "ProductName",
title: "Product Name"
}, {
field: "CategoryID",
title: "Category",
editor: categoryDropDownEditor,
values: dropDownListValues
}, {
field: "UnitPrice",
format: "{0:c}",
width: 150,
title: "Unit Price"
}, {
field: "UnitsInStock",
width: 150,
title: "Units In Stock"
}, {
field: "Discontinued",
width: 100
}, {
command: ["destroy"],
title: " ",
width: 110
}],
dataSource: {
transport: {
create: {
url: "index.php?type=create",
contentType: "application\/json",
type: "POST"
},
read: {
url: "index.php?type=read",
contentType: "application\/json",
type: "POST"
},
update: {
url: "index.php?type=update",
contentType: "application\/json",
type: "POST"
},
destroy: {
url: "index.php?type=destroy",
contentType: "application\/json",
type: "POST"
},
parameterMap: function (data) {
return kendo.stringify(data);
}
},
batch: true,
pageSize: 30,
schema: {
data: "data",
errors: "errors",
model: {
id: "ProductID",
fields: [{
field: "ProductID",
type: "number",
"editable": false,
"nullable": true
}, {
field: "CategoryID",
type: "number",
"nullable": false
}, {
field: "ProductName",
type: "string",
validation: {
required: true
}
}, {
field: "UnitPrice",
type: "number",
validation: {
required: true,
min: 1
}
}, {
field: "UnitsInStock",
type: "number"
}, {
field: "Discontinued",
type: "boolean"
}]
},
total: "total"
}
},
toolbar: [{
"name": "create"
}, {
"name": "save"
}, {
"name": "cancel"
}],
height: 400,
navigatable: true,
editable: true,
pageable: true
});
}
</script>
<?php require_once 'footer.php'; ?>
| 2024-01-01T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/3346 |
Boomer & Carton: Kenny Anderson Always Enjoys Paying The Guys A Visit
Kenny Anderson’s basketball resume speaks for itself, so he stopped by the Allstate Studio on Friday morning to promote his brand new documentary, “Mr. Chibbs,” and talk with the guys about life after basketball, the Knicks, the overall state of the NBA and much more. | 2024-02-16T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/8389 |
Q:
deleting text doesn't work when sending text from form to text in canvas element
Right now i have a form where i can enter some text and it appears in a canvas element,
however when i press backspace the text doesn't go away anymore and when i retype text it appears on top of the old text.
Is there a way to get the canvas element to respond to deleting text also?
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<title>dropIn Print Generator</title>
<body>
<h1>dropIn Print Generator</h1>
<form method="post" action="run.php">
<p>brand name
<input type="text" id="brand" onkeyup="showBrand(this.value)" /></p>
<p>product name
<input type="text" id="product" onkeyup="showProductName(this.value)" /></p>
<p>product details
<input type="text" id="details" onkeyup="showProductDetail(this.value)" /></p>
<p>product sku
<input type="text" id="sku" /></p>
<p>product image
<input type="file" id="image" /></p>
</form>
<canvas id="mainCanvas" width="400" height="600" style="border:1px solid #000000;"></canvas>
<script>
var canvas = document.getElementById('mainCanvas');
var context = canvas.getContext('2d');
// begin upper shape
context.beginPath();
context.moveTo(0, 0);
context.lineTo(400, 0);
context.lineTo(400, 300);
context.lineTo(380, 30);
context.lineTo(0, 50);
context.lineTo(0, 0);
// complete upper shape
context.closePath();
context.lineWidth = 1;
context.strokeStyle = 'black';
context.fillStyle = 'black';
context.fill();
context.stroke();
// begin bottom shape
context.beginPath();
context.moveTo(400, 600);
context.lineTo(200, 600);
context.lineTo(400, 585);
context.lineTo(400, 600);
// complete bottom shape
context.closePath();
context.lineWidth = 1;
context.strokeStyle = 'black';
context.fillStyle = 'black';
context.fill();
context.stroke();
function showBrand(str){
context.fillStyle = 'black';
context.font = '20px sans-serif';
context.textBaseline = 'bottom';
context.fillText(str, 30, 100);
}
function showProductName(str){
context.fillStyle = 'black';
context.font = '30px sans-serif';
context.textBaseline = 'bottom';
context.fillText(str, 30, 135);
}
function showProductDetail(str){
context.fillStyle = 'black';
context.font = '20px sans-serif';
context.textBaseline = 'bottom';
context.fillText(str, 30, 160);
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
A:
You need to clear the canvas before each time you paint some new text onto it, otherwise anything you've already drawn on the canvas will remain and you'll be drawing on top of it.
function clearCanvas() {
// Redraw the background color over the top of the old text to 'clear' it.
context.fillStyle = '#fff';
context.fillRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);
}
Add a call to this function to the start of your other 3 drawing functions.
| 2023-10-27T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/3719 |
Last updated on .From the section Leeds United
Marcelo Bielsa took over Leeds in the summer and has seen them contest top spot in the Championship this season
Championship promotion hopefuls Leeds United have been fined £200,000 by the English Football League for watching opponents train before matches.
A member of Leeds' staff was found acting suspiciously outside Derby's training ground before the fixture between the two sides on 10 January.
Boss Marcelo Bielsa said he had sent a member of staff to watch every team they have played this season train.
The EFL found Leeds breached rules over treating teams with "good faith".
Leeds have also received a formal reprimand from the EFL, which is bringing in a rule to prohibit clubs from viewing their opposition training in the 72 hours preceding a game unless invited to do so.
The EFL said in a statement that Leeds' conduct "fell significantly short of the standards expected" and it "must not be repeated".
EFL chief executive Shaun Harvey added: "The sanctions imposed highlight how actions such as this cannot be condoned and act as a clear deterrent should any club seek to undertake poor conduct in the future.
"We will now look to move on from this incident and commence the discussions about introducing a specific regulation at a meeting with all clubs later this month."
The Football Association has also issued a formal warning to Leeds, Bielsa and a club video analyst.
"The FA will take appropriate action should further evidence of this nature come to light in the future," a spokesman said.
Leeds admit wrongdoing
Watch Bielsa's remarkable PowerPoint presentation
In an extraordinary news conference in the week after Leeds' match against Derby, Bielsa said he "observed all the rivals we played against and watched the training sessions of all opponents".
That led to widespread criticism, though there is no specific rule stopping teams from observing opponents training.
During Bielsa's briefing, he showed journalists how much preparation and analysis he and his staff carry out on each opponent before every game.
Leeds said in a statement: "We accept that whilst we have not broken any specific rule, we have fallen short of the standard expected by the EFL.
"We apologise for acting in a way that has been judged culturally unacceptable in the English game and would like to thank Shaun Harvey and the EFL for the manner in which they conducted their investigations.
"Our focus can now return to matters on the field."
'Unethical' Leeds split opinion
Frank Lampard (right) was far from happy Bielsa had his team watched in training before their match
Leeds beat Derby 2-0 in their match last month, and Rams boss Frank Lampard called the Whites' conduct in the build-up to the game "unethical".
"I've never heard of going to a training ground on your hands and knees with pliers trying to break into private land to watch," he added after the match.
Swansea City boss Graham Potter said he had "no problem with it" but Ipswich Town manager Paul Lambert said the incident was "not right".
Analysis
BBC Radio Leeds' Leeds United commentator Adam Pope
It is important to stress that no specific rule has been broken, but rather than of 'acting in good faith towards other clubs'.
This is something Bielsa has done throughout his time in South America and in Europe, and never has he been reproached for it, in fact it has been accepted.
This is not, for me, a man who has set out to cheat or bend the rules, but rather try and work within the rules to use every avenue available for him to leave no stone unturned to try to win a football match.
He has dedicated so much time and effort into studying the Championship and English football that he may have embarrassed chairmen of other clubs that their employees are not doing as much as they could in their quest to improve their fortunes.
However, it is a relief to fans who feared a points deduction as this was such a grey area in terms of sanction. | 2024-06-04T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/1837 |
Duplex 2205 is a nitrogen enhanced duplex stainless steel that was developed to combat common corrosion problems encountered with the 300 series stainless steels.“Duplex” describes a family of stainless steels that are neither fully austenitic, like 304 stainless, nor purely ferritic, like 430 stainless.
About product and suppliers: Alibaba offers 19,939 duplex stainless steel pipe products. About 43% of these are stainless steel pipes, 6% are steel pipes, and 1% are steel sheets.
Duplex Stainless Steel - 6 Moly Super Duplex API 5LX ...
General Duplex stainless steel information 2205 is the most widely used duplex (ferritic/austenitic) stainless steel grade. It finds applications due to both excellent corrosion resistance and high strength.
Seamless tube and pipe in Sandvik SAF 2205™ is supplied in dimensions up to 260 mm (10.2 in.) outside diameter. ... or the super-duplex grade Sandvik SAF 2507 ... It is recommended that a tougher insert grade is used than when machining austenitic stainless steel, e.g. ASTM TP304L. A version with improved machinability, Sandvik Sanmac 2205 ...
ASTM A789,ASTM A790 UNS31803(SAF2205),UNS32750,UNS32760 ...
With its high level of chromium, Super-Duplex steel provides outstanding resistance to acids, acid chlorides, caustic solutions and other environments in the chemical/petrochemical, pulp and paper industries, often replacing 300 series stainless steel, high nickel super …
UNS S31803 (1.4462, F51) has good weldability similar to that of other stainless steel types. Low thermal expansion reduces residual stresses after welding. Use duplex welding electrodes similar to that of the parent steel when welding UNS S31083.
duplex 2205 seamless tube | duplex stainless steel uns …
duplex 2205 seamless tube Manufacturing Process. Our manufacturing program was developed to enable us to react flexibly and efficiently to all your product and service requirements. | 2024-03-12T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/5083 |
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Biostatistics and Medical Informatics Professor Rick Chappell has been named the 2015 AbbVie Statistics Visiting Scholar. In this role, Dr. Chappell will spend considerable time over the coming year in-house collaborating with AbbVie statisticians and other biopharmaceutical scientists on problems related to statistical design and analytical methodology needed to fully exploit information collected from AbbVie clinical trials. Whereas the primary focus will be on the design and analysis of AbbVie trials, from concept through analysis and reporting, Rick may also conduct seminars, engage in training and mentoring activities, and/or participate in the design of protocols or charter templates for novel types of clinical trials or other research. AbbVie (www.abbvie.com) is a global, research-based biopharmaceutical company situated in North Chicago.
Randomized, double-blind clinical trials are widely considered the gold standard for establishing causal relationships between interventions and outcomes of interest. However, the importance of randomization and the intention-to-treat (ITT) principle in the design, conduct, and analysis of such trials — while widely recognized — is often not well understood. In this first-time SCT workshop, Cook and colleagues used easily understood models and examples, accessible to a non-mathematical audience, to demonstrate why randomization and ITT analysis lead directly to valid assessments of whether a new treatment “works”.
Despite some initial skepticism on the part of the Society's Education Committee, the workshop was very well received and sported the second highest attendance at the meeting. The presenters are planning to extend it to a longer morning workshop for next year's meeting.
The Society for Clinical Trials is an international professional organization dedicated to the development and dissemination of knowledge about the best practice in design, conduct, analysis and reporting of clinical trials with membership from government, academia, industry and non-profit organizations.
Congratulations are in order to Associate Professor Menggang Yu for his imminent funding award from the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI) for his project entitled "Matching Complex Patients to Treatments: Innovative Statistical Scoring Methods for Treatment Selection". The project, which will run for 3 years, aims to develop and disseminate innovative statistical methods to rank possible treatments for patients according to their likelihood of achieving desirable patient outcomes. The ranking will be based on patient characteristics such as demographics and socio-economic variables, inpatient/outpatient diagnoses, comorbidity, pharmacy claims, health system and clinic information.
The award is one of four or five PCORI awards received recently by investigators at the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, and highlights the Department’s commitment to health services research.
The study is one of 46 proposals that PCORI approved for funding on Tuesday, April 21, to advance the field of comparative clinical effectiveness research (CER) and provide patients, healthcare providers, and other clinical decision makers with information that will help them make better-informed choices.
The award has been approved pending completion of a business and programmatic review by PCORI staff and issuance of a formal award contract to the University.
“This project was selected for PCORI funding not only for its scientific merit and commitment to engaging patients and other stakeholders, but also for its potential to fill an important gap in our health knowledge and give people information to help them weigh the effectiveness of their care options,” said PCORI Executive Director Joe Selby, MD, MPH. “We look forward to following the study’s progress and working with the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health to share the results.”
Professor Yu’s study and the other projects approved for PCORI funding were selected through a highly competitive review process in which patients, clinicians, and other stakeholders joined clinical scientists to evaluate the proposals. Applications were assessed for scientific merit, how well they will engage patients and other stakeholders, and their methodological rigor among other criteria.
PCORI is an independent, non-profit organization authorized by Congress in 2010 to fund comparative clinical effectiveness research that will provide patients, their caregivers, and clinicians with the evidence-based information needed to make better-informed health and healthcare decisions. PCORI is committed to seeking input from a broad range of stakeholders to guide its work.
PCORI has approved $854 million to support 399 research studies and initiatives since it began funding research in 2012. For more information about PCORI funding, visit http://pcori.org.
KyungMann Kim, Ph.D., Professor of Biostatistics and Statistics, Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, School of Medicine and Public Health, was recently elected as Vice President for 2015-2016 for the International Society for Clinical Biostatistics and will serve as President during 2017-2018 and Past President in 2019.
The International Society for Clinical Biostatistics (http://www.iscb.info) is an international organization founded in 1978 to stimulate research into the principles and methodology used in the design and analysis of clinical research studies and to increase the relevance of statistical methods and theory to the real world of clinical medicine. The primary activity of the Society is to organize an annual conference. This year’s annual conference, known as ISCB36 to mark the 36th annual conference of the Society, will be held in Utrecht, the Netherlands during August 23-27, 2015 (http://www.iscb2015.info).
BMI Asst. Prof. Sushmita Roy is part of a diverse new team of UW-Madison researchers who received $6 million from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to develop models and screening tools that will rapidly advance knowledge of the health effects of today's ever-growing assortment of environmental toxins. Awarded through the EPA Science to Achieve Results (STAR) program, the grant will create the Human Models for Analysis of Pathways (H-MAPs) Center at UW-Madison. See more: http://www.news.wisc.edu/23596
Congratulations to biostatistics PhD student Keegan Korthauer for garnering an ENAR RAB Poster Award at the recent meetings of the Eastern North American Region of the International Biometric Society in Miami, Florida. Keegan's poster is entitled "Differential dynamics in single-cell RNA-seq experiments", research conducted under the direction of BMI Professor Christina Kendziorski.
BMI Senior Scientist Thomas Cook has been selected to receive the 2015 Chancellor's Award for Excellence in Research as an Independent Investigator! He was one of nine honorees to receive an Academic Staff Excellence Award.
This designation is awarded to Tom for his deep and broad contributions to the conduct and analysis of clinical trials, both in applications and methodology development.
Tom has satisfied all of the Award criteria: "Outstanding achievement and performance by the candidate, [who] consistently and substantially exceeds the expectations of the position; has made important and significant contributions to the departmental unit; has furthered the mission of the university; and has become a distinguished member of his/her profession campus-wide, system wide, nationally, or internationally".
BMI Distinguished Scientist Marian Fisher spearheaded Tom's nomination and worked diligently to complete it with great attention to the details!
Professor David Page has been awarded a Kellett Mid-Career Faculty Researcher Award for the period starting in July 2015 through June of 2020. This is a wonderful recognition by the University of David's broad and deep contributions to the research enterprise across the UW campus and beyond. The award recognizes his academic success and provides an opportunity for continued development of his outstanding research program.
The fellowship is named in honor of William R. Kellett, a WARF Trustee and President of the WARF board. A Wisconsin native, graduate of the College of Engineering and an enthusiastic supporter of the University, Kellett held an abiding commitment to the reform and progress of Wisconsin’s educational institutions.
Congratulations to our Bioinformatics faculty for making the Bioinformatics top 10 list of most highly cited papers of 2014:EBSeq: an empirical Bayes hierarchical model for inference in RNA-seq experiments.
The abstract, summary and full text are available on the Journal's website:http://bioinformatics.oxfordjournals.org/reports/most-cited
Congratulations to Professor David Page who has been named a Vilas Distinguished Achievement Professor. This appointment was made by Provost Sarah Mangelsdorf after a nomination by Dean Robert Golden. Provost Mangelsdort, Dean Golden and Dean Moss were instrumental in providing approval and support for this appointment.
The Vilas Distinguished Achievement Professorships recognize professors whose distinguished scholarship has advanced the confines of knowledge, and whose excellence has also included teaching or service. The professorship provides a fixed allocation of flexible funds to be used by David over the next five years. David will carry the title of Vilas Distinguished Achievement Professor for the duration of his career at UW-Madison. | 2024-02-28T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/9724 |
DeLay indicted on new charges
AUSTIN, Texas - A Texas grand jury on Monday indicted Rep. Tom DeLay again on money laundering charges after the former majority leader attacked last week's indictment on technical grounds.
The new indictment contains two counts: conspiring to launder money and money laundering. The latter charge carries a penalty of up to life in prison.
The indictment accuses DeLay, R-Texas, of illegally circumventing the state's law against corporate campaign contributions, and was issued by a newly empanelled Travis County grand jury on the first day of its term.
A separate Travis County grand jury handed up indictments against DeLay - on a charge of conspiring to violate campaign finance laws - and his associates Wednesday, the last day of that grand jury's term.
DeLay, who stepped down as House majority leader last week, called the new charges an "abomination of justice" by Travis County District Attorney Ronnie Earle. It came just as DeLay's attorneys were filing a motion to dismiss the first charge against him because the law he was alleged to have broken was not in effect until 2003 - the year after the alleged money transfers.
"Ronnie Earle has stooped to a new low with his brand of prosecutorial abuse," DeLay said in a statement. "He is trying to pull the legal equivalent of a "do-over' since he knows very well that the charges he brought against me last week are totally manufactured and illegitimate."
University of Texas law professor George Dix, an expert in election legal matters, said Monday night that he thinks DeLay's attorneys are wrong in maintaining that the initial conspiracy complaint against DeLay was not valid in 2002.
The 2003 legislative session simply made explicit the somewhat "awkward language" of the law that already made it a criminal conspiracy to agree to violate election laws, Dix said. "I don't see any reason to think that, in 2002, it was not a crime of conspiracy to agree to violate the election code in a way that would be a felony," he said.
The judge who will preside in DeLay's case is out of the country on vacation and couldn't rule on the defense motion. Other state district judges declined to rule on the motion in his place.
Earle's office did not return repeated phone calls from the Associated Press.
The new indictment was issued as Bush administration officials confirmed news reports in London that the Justice Department had asked British police to question former Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher about the circumstances of her meeting in 2000 with DeLay during a lavish trip to Britain organized by the Washington lobbyist Jack Abramoff.
The interview request was the first publicly disclosed evidence from the Justice Department that DeLay was under scrutiny in the department's wide-ranging corruption investigation of Abramoff.
--Information from the Associated Press, Fort Worth Star-Telegram and New York Times was used in this report. | 2024-05-03T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/2152 |
The Mx44 is a polyphonic multichannel midi realtime software
synthesizer. It is written in C and hand optimized for the (Intel) MMX
instruction set. It runs under Linux, using any kernel modified for
realtime performance.
The core algorithm is a 4 x 4 crossmodulating matrix (phase and
amplitude) with individual envelopes for each oscillator. Oscillators
have individual frequency intonation, can emphasize any of the eight
first harmonics and even do some internal crossmodulation. Envelopes
can be switched between VCA and VCF modes (ehrm, actually wave-shaping,
but it will quack like a duck by any other name.) The sustainloop of
the envelope can be brought into oscillation in the audible spectre as
well as provide slow LFO sweeps. There is also a minor load of key and
velocity related modifications for wowie zowie realtime ecstacy
emulation.
Homepage: http://hem.passagen.se/ja_linux/ | 2023-10-04T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/6316 |
vide k?
False
Suppose -4*w + 3*w = -2. Suppose -4*a = -5*g + 5, -w*a + a - 5*g + 5 = 0. Is (1430/(-30))/(a + (-2)/6) a multiple of 11?
True
Let p = 32550 + 2774. Is 114 a factor of p?
False
Suppose 4*g + 2*t = -24, 10*g - 3*t - 32 = 15*g. Let f(o) = -41*o + 32. Is f(g) a multiple of 33?
False
Suppose -10*s = -30672 - 21108. Does 59 divide s?
False
Let g(p) = -3*p**3 - 12*p**2 + 31*p + 111. Does 132 divide g(-28)?
False
Let x = 7186 - 1336. Does 130 divide x?
True
Suppose 0 = -2*p - 10*d + 2810, -5*p + 5441 = 3*d - 1716. Is 41 a factor of p?
True
Let w(s) = s**3 + 2*s**2 - s - 35. Let v be w(0). Let x = v + 37. Does 6 divide (x/(-4))/(2*4/(-480))?
True
Suppose 41*i + 145157 - 1207350 = 69407. Is i a multiple of 50?
True
Let p be (-11)/(143/258) - 2/13. Let g be (-1)/((-2)/p)*(-132)/3. Suppose 2*q = -4*k + g, -2*q = q + 4*k - 656. Is 36 a factor of q?
True
Let q = -106 - -96. Let k be (-1)/3*q/(40/36). Suppose k*m - 271 = -3*b + 4*b, 175 = 2*m + 5*b. Is m a multiple of 45?
True
Let v(j) = -j**3 + 21*j**2 - 6*j + 32. Let p be v(20). Let k = 336 - p. Is k a multiple of 3?
True
Let i(l) = 14 + 1373*l + 2*l**2 - 701*l - 698*l. Does 7 divide i(13)?
True
Suppose -155*g = -127*g - 17332. Is g a multiple of 2?
False
Let z = -183 - -182. Does 8 divide 4 + z - (-875)/7?
True
Let i(n) = 5*n**2 + 4*n + 9. Let r(x) = x**3 - 4*x**2 - 4*x - 9. Let k(v) = -5*i(v) - 6*r(v). Is k(-3) a multiple of 23?
False
Let u be (-1 - 2)*7/3. Let n(h) = h**3 + 7*h**2 - 2*h - 10. Let d be n(u). Suppose 4*j - 2*k = 404, 0 = d*j - 3*k - 285 - 117. Is j a multiple of 26?
False
Suppose 5*x + 0*x = 165. Let v(i) = 2*i**3 - 65*i**2 - 15*i - 54. Is 36 a factor of v(x)?
True
Is -4 + 18 - (-57628)/4 a multiple of 19?
True
Is (1660/14)/((-216)/(-9072)) a multiple of 30?
True
Let b = 30 + -29. Let k be (1/b)/(-1 - -2). Is k*-4*(-26)/4 a multiple of 8?
False
Let g be (-91)/(-21)*3/2*-2. Let m be (g/(-5) - 1) + (-16)/(-40). Suppose 5*t + 43 = r, t + 86 = 2*r - m*t. Is r a multiple of 43?
True
Let x(o) = -243*o - 5. Let q be x(-1). Suppose 4*s + 122 = -26*z + 28*z, -q = -4*z + 2*s. Does 5 divide z?
False
Let m(v) = -9*v**3 + 3*v**2 + 6*v + 2. Let p(h) = 3 - 4*h - 8*h**3 + 5*h + 2*h**2 - 1 + 4*h. Let y(o) = -4*m(o) + 5*p(o). Is y(-2) a multiple of 18?
False
Let b = 447 - 422. Is 19 a factor of -1*b*((-10 - -3) + 6)?
False
Let p = -445 - -1617. Suppose 12*u = 5156 - p. Does 12 divide (1 + (-6)/4)/((-2)/u)?
False
Let w(z) = z**2 + 9*z - 73. Let m be w(-15). Suppose -m*y = -21*y + 860. Let l = y - -145. Is l a multiple of 36?
True
Let h(n) = -n**3 + 14*n**2 + 2. Let c be h(14). Suppose -c*y = 6, 0 = -2*g + y + 350 + 17. Does 14 divide g?
True
Suppose -2*c + 2*f = f - 140, 4*c - 5*f = 268. Suppose -39*r + 40*r - c = 0. Suppose r = -23*k + 25*k. Does 18 divide k?
True
Suppose 8*s - 5160 = -2*m, -16*m + 3*s = -15*m - 2622. Is 4 a factor of m?
True
Suppose 11*j - 8*j - 4*b - 5 = 0, j = 3*b. Suppose c = -h + 546, -j*h - 11 = 1. Is 11 a factor of c?
True
Suppose -6*w = -6 - 6. Suppose -2*v + 363 = -4*r + 85, -w*v - 3*r + 264 = 0. Suppose 8*h = 7*h + v. Does 27 divide h?
True
Let v be 288/1 + 0/(24 + -13). Let o = -273 + v. Does 5 divide o?
True
Let d(u) = 68*u**3 - 3*u**2 + 6*u - 112. Does 74 divide d(6)?
True
Let l be 7 - 8*5/10. Suppose -5*s = 5, 0*s + 3 = -3*p - l*s. Suppose 2*t - 7*t + 100 = p. Is t a multiple of 4?
True
Let n = -31 + 35. Suppose -4*w + 769 = -n*x - 487, 0 = w + 5*x - 302. Is w a multiple of 39?
True
Let h(a) be the second derivative of 15*a**4/8 - a**3 - 11*a**2 - 19*a. Let t(m) be the first derivative of h(m). Is 29 a factor of t(4)?
True
Let o(w) = -w**3 - 5*w + 40*w + 21*w**2 - 38 - 10*w. Is o(22) a multiple of 7?
True
Suppose 5*b - 7788 = 2752 - 2195. Is 106 a factor of b?
False
Let d(j) = 162*j + 736. Let i(k) = -53*k - 245. Let v(s) = 2*d(s) + 7*i(s). Does 13 divide v(-6)?
True
Suppose 5*p = c + 66599, -p + 4*c + 13315 = -c. Suppose -13*g = 2*g + p. Does 51 divide (-4)/(-2)*g/(-16)?
False
Suppose -258*d + 254*d + l = -137376, 0 = 4*d + 2*l - 137352. Is 34 a factor of d?
False
Let d(l) = -32*l**3 - 2*l**2 - l - 13. Let m be d(3). Does 45 divide 152/190*(2 - m)?
True
Let w(t) = -4*t**3 + 17*t**2 - 6*t - 12. Let o be w(-14). Suppose -o + 5371 = -39*g. Does 53 divide g?
False
Let z be (-3 + 5)/2 + 18. Suppose 49*k - 245 = 14*k. Let v = z - k. Is v a multiple of 2?
True
Let a = 196 - 14. Suppose -6*q = -538 - a. Is q a multiple of 8?
True
Suppose -5*j + 2*j = -0*j. Suppose -4*w + 5*w + 2 = j. Does 29 divide (w/4)/((-5)/1450)?
True
Suppose 21*x - 3443 = 16213. Does 29 divide x?
False
Let c = 105 - 107. Let x(h) = -39*h**3 + 4*h**2 - h - 8. Let t be x(c). Is 15 a factor of 2 + t*4/8?
False
Let u = 13697 - 7187. Is 105 a factor of u?
True
Let x = -5268 + 10437. Is 8 a factor of x?
False
Suppose 0 = -3*x - x. Let z = -23023 - -23101. Suppose -5*c + 86 = -3*c - 3*s, -2*c - s + z = x. Does 18 divide c?
False
Let n(l) = 5*l**2 - 7*l**2 + 16 - 6*l + 20*l. Let a be n(8). Suppose a = 5*c - 20, -3*p + 62 + 64 = -3*c. Is p a multiple of 9?
False
Let h(m) = -m**3 - 89*m**2 - 44*m + 325. Does 22 divide h(-90)?
False
Suppose 4*h + 9 = 5*p, 5*p = -5*h - 0*h. Let v(b) = -179*b + 363. Let n(l) = -89*l + 167. Let r(f) = 13*n(f) - 6*v(f). Does 19 divide r(h)?
True
Let l = -22085 + 35022. Does 17 divide l?
True
Let t(y) = -5*y**3 - 5*y**2 + 9*y - 5. Let i be t(-5). Suppose 29*z - i = 19*z. Is z a multiple of 6?
False
Does 244 divide 3/(-2) + ((-7476)/(-72))/((-11)/(-957))?
False
Suppose 342238 - 922494 = -121*a + 1704466. Does 134 divide a?
False
Let l(g) = -16*g**2 - 5*g. Let k be l(4). Let t = k - -284. Is 8 a factor of t?
True
Suppose 3 = 3*t, -t = -4*i + 2 - 15. Let u(a) = 28*a**2 - 5*a - 8. Does 36 divide u(i)?
False
Suppose 3*d - 7*d = 5*c - 40, -5*d - c + 50 = 0. Let q(v) = v**2 + 2*v - 30. Let n be q(d). Suppose -n = -7*p + 4*p. Is 9 a factor of p?
False
Suppose -54*t + 56*t = -8, -4*p + 49780 = -t. Does 183 divide p?
True
Suppose 1990*q - 3*l = 1995*q - 272011, 5*l = -15. Does 14 divide q?
True
Let m(l) = l**3 + 26*l**2 - 72 + 6 + 7 - 10*l. Is m(-26) a multiple of 21?
False
Suppose 4*c - 617 = 5*y, 3*c - 3*y - 460 = -2*y. Suppose 155*v = c*v + 520. Is 16 a factor of v?
False
Let h(g) = 6*g**2 + 14*g. Let c be h(-9). Let p = -38 + c. Is p a multiple of 23?
True
Let x = 1083 - 1621. Let n = 1150 + x. Does 10 divide n/63 - 4/(-14)?
True
Suppose 0 = 59*x - 72*x + 60827. Suppose -20*l + x = -7821. Is l a multiple of 34?
False
Suppose 0 = 7*r + 1 - 15. Suppose -4*m - 864 = -r*w, -2*m - 156 = -2*w + 708. Is w a multiple of 16?
True
Let k(x) = x**3 + 10*x**2 - 13*x - 12. Let d be k(-11). Let l be d*((-72)/20 + 4). Suppose r = l*h - 274, -h + 6*r = 3*r - 74. Is 15 a factor of h?
False
Let b(j) = 22*j**2 - 6*j + 6. Let t(u) = 3*u**3 - 2*u + 3. Let q be t(1). Does 47 divide b(q)?
False
Suppose w - 6510 = -147*u + 143*u, -2*u = 5*w - 32388. Does 53 divide w?
False
Let t(n) = -n - 9. Let m be t(5). Let y(w) = 2*w**2 + 28*w + 32. Is 2 a factor of y(m)?
True
Suppose 149*c = -12*c - 14*c + 7901600. Is c a multiple of 83?
True
Let d be (0/(-5 - 7))/1. Let h(z) = -z**2 - 6*z - 2. Let k be h(-5). Does 7 divide 1 + (k + -3 - d) + 99?
False
Let h = -115 - -372. Suppose 5*s - 1375 = 3*v, s + 0*v + 3*v - h = 0. Is 16 a factor of s?
True
Let r = 184 - 184. Suppose -p - 1440 = -4*p + 3*d, 5*p - 2*d - 2400 = r. Is p a multiple of 20?
True
Let d = 133028 + -71832. Does 19 divide d?
False
Is 44 a factor of 2/(-1) - (-1739 + 15/5)?
False
Let v(y) = -y**3 - 10*y**2 - y - 7. Let o be v(-10). Let s be -4*1/(-18) + 1202/18. Suppose h = -u + 5*h + s, -o*h = -3*u + 192. Is u a multiple of 9?
True
Let m be ((-8)/6 + 1)/((-3)/18). Suppose 0 = -m*r + c + 264, 2*c - 394 = -3*r + 3*c. Is r a multiple of 10?
True
Let b(c) = 21*c - 36. Let r be -1 - -5 - 1*-2. Is 47 a factor of b(r)?
False
Let b be ((-738)/(-45))/(1/5). Suppose -a + 103 = -b. Does 26 divide (-2)/((-4)/(-6)) + a?
True
Let t = -3403 + 15595. Is t a multiple of 32?
True
Let w(h) = -108*h - 8. Let d be w(-7). Suppose a - g = d, -5*a + 3*g = -0*g - 3732. Is 10 a factor of a/14 - 1/7?
False
Let y(n) = n**3 - 4*n**2 + 4*n - 6. Let k be y(6). Suppose -k = 7*b - 5*b. Let a = -5 - b. Is 5 a factor of a?
True
Let d(a) = a**3 + 12*a**2 + 17*a - 5. Let t be d(-9). Suppose | 2024-01-23T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/2996 |
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to an adjustable handle assembly for a personal mobility vehicle, and more particularly to an adjustable handle assembly with a mechanical lock to hold a handle in position so that the handle assembly is convenient to use for elderly and handicapped people who use the mobility vehicle.
2. Description of Related Art
Personal mobility vehicles, such as electric vehicles, aid people who are handicapped or elderly in moving from one place to another. A personal mobility vehicle typically has a chassis with wheels, a handle mounted on the chassis and a seat mounted on the chassis on which an elderly or handicapped person sits. A person sitting on the mobility vehicle controls the direction in which the vehicle moves by turning the handle. However, people's sizes and shapes vary greatly and may affect their ability to turn the handle on the personal mobility vehicle because of the position and angle of the handle. For example, some people are tall and some people are short.
Therefore, the handle of the mobility vehicle is designed to be adjustable so the angular position of the handle can be changed to accommodate widely different people who are elderly or handicapped. However, a conventional adjustment assembly for the handle of a personal mobility vehicle is inconvenient to operate. The conventional handle has a lock to hold the handle in position after the handle has been adjusted but a mechanic may be required to adjust and lock the handle.
To overcome the shortcomings, the present invention provides an adjustable handle assembly for a personal mobility vehicle having a mechanical lock to mitigate or obviate the aforementioned problems. | 2023-11-06T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/6953 |
Nordic Store, an Icelandic retailer, recently purchased goods from IKEA Iceland, and the transaction was settled through the Ethereum blockchain. The operation was facilitated by Tradeshift, a supply chain payments company, and Monerium, a licensed e-money for blockchains firm.
Tradeshift availed the platform needed for the transaction, whereas Monerium provided smart contracts on the Ethereum blockchain.
Blockchain-Powered Payments now a Reality
The successful transaction between IKEA and Nordic Store shows that government regulated, programmable e-money is ready for mainstream adoption.
Gert Sylvest, Tradeshift’s co-founder, asserted that this was a positive move because it could trigger considerable changes in the market.
He noted:
“Programmable money regulated by governments will become the foundation for e-commerce payments because they enable so-called ‘smart contracts.’ Smart contracts have many use cases. For example, they can be used to generate ‘Smart Invoices’, which are invoices that basically settle themselves.”
On the other hand, Sveinn Valfells, Monerium CEO, asserted that the successful transaction came in handy in showing blockchain’s capabilities.
Valfells stipulated:
“As the first company authorized to issue e-money on blockchains, we are delighted to demonstrate the benefits of blockchains for mainstream B2B transactions using a legal form of digital money.”
IKEA’s decision to use Ethereum blockchain in the invoice payment was made possible by a landmark administrative decision to permit the issuance of digital fiat by Monerium within the European Economic Area. | 2023-11-29T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/7396 |
Retirements hurt Democrats’ House prospects
The Democratic quest to win the House majority has always been something close to mission impossible. A procession of lawmakers opting for retirement is pushing the prize even further beyond the party’s grasp.
Seventeen seats shy of the majority and confronting an electoral landscape tilted against them, Democrats have virtually no room for error in the November midterms. Yet the problems they’re encountering of late are coming from within their own ranks.
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Since December, four Democratic incumbents have announced they will not be seeking reelection to districts that contain large proportions of Republican voters. Of those, Democrats freely admit that two seats — one held by Jim Matheson of Utah, the other by Mike McIntyre of North Carolina — are almost certain to shift to Republican hands. In the two other districts, both in New York, Democrats will be forced to wage hard-fought and potentially costly races to defend seats that are in their column.
In each instance, the absence of an incumbent lawmaker — with a roster of donors and track record of winning elections — has left a much-needed seat deeply vulnerable to GOP takeover.
Other lawmaker retirements favor Democrats. At least five Republican incumbents are vacating seats for which Democrats are expected to compete aggressively. Democrats argue that four of them — one in suburban Philadelphia, one in New Jersey, one in Iowa and one in Northern Virginia — are now tossups because a Republican is no longer seeking reelection.
Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee Chairman Steve Israel (D-N.Y.) contends that with more Republican incumbents vacating competitive seats than Democratic ones, the party has the upper hand.
“You just have to go by the numbers,” he said.
Yet in a year when Democrats need everything to break their way, that hasn’t happened. Prior to the onset of the congressional retirement season, some Democrats said they needed a disproportionate number of departures to come from the ranks of swing district Republicans. Instead, many Democrats acknowledge it’s been a wash at best — and at worst, a slight net negative.
“It was always going to be uphill to win the House,” said one Democratic operative who is closely involved in the party’s effort to win control of the lower congressional chamber. “Every retirement makes the hill feel more mountainous.”
Some Democrats worry there are more departures to come. There is widespread concern that Minnesota Rep. Collin Peterson, the top Democrat on the House Agriculture Committee, will step down rather than face a tough race for the conservative seat he’s held for more than two decades.
A Peterson spokeswoman did not respond to a request for comment on the congressman’s reelection plans.
Retirements, of course, aren’t Democrats’ only hurdle this year. Many in the party are deeply worried that the fumbled Obamacare rollout will hurt their candidates. Others fret about the president’s declining poll numbers. Still others are wary of the “six-year itch,” the historical tendency for the party occupying the White House in the sixth year of a president’s tenure to lose seats.
Republicans can barely contain their glee at the Democratic departures, calling them more evidence that the House will remain in GOP hands for another two years. Some Democratic incumbents, such as George Miller of California and Jim Moran of Virginia, are leaving safe seats they’ve held for decades. Republicans argue the departures show that the longtime Democratic lawmakers no longer see a path to getting back into the majority and are bailing out now.
“George Miller, Jim Moran, these are longtime, very active, competent legislators. I have to believe that if they thought it was [soon] that they could get gavels back, they would not be leaving,” said Oregon Rep. Greg Walden, the National Republican Congressional Committee chairman. “If they thought they could be chairmen again, you’d probably stick it out another term.” | 2023-08-07T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/3140 |
1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to container and its screw sealing cap and tearoff security strip and more particularly relates to an improvement to the sealing, plugging or stopping of containers having a constricted threaded zone making it possible to screw down a cap provided with its security strip.
2. Description of Related Art
Numerous tamper-proof containers already exist which have a threaded ring and are scaled by the screwing down of a cap.
As shown in FIG. 1A, one known way of ensuring inviolability consists of using on the one hand an internally threaded scaling cap (2A) which is provided with a security strip (3A) joined to the cap by bridges (13A) and which is provided on its inner face with ratchet notches (14A) and on the other hand a container (1A) provided in its constricted part or neck (6A) a portion (9A) with ratchet teeth (10A) in addition to a threaded portion (8A). On sealing the container, before or after the conditioning phase as a function of the nature of the container, tube or bottle, the cap is screwed onto the container neck and the ratchet notches and teeth ratch in such a way as to permit screwing down and so as to prevent the unscrewing of the cap, except after the security strip has been torn off.
The applicant has manufactured containers and their sealing cap with a security strip in accordance with the prior art, more particularly plastic tubes such as those defined in Example 1 and has encountered difficulties during the sealing thereof.
The problem is that there is a breaking of the bridges (13A) connecting the cap body (16A) and the security strip (3A) during the screwing down of the cap before filling the tube. Thus, the Applicant has observed a high breaking rate which can reach 20%, which makes the container industrially unusable. The Applicant has also observed the presence of tubes which were no longer tamper-proof, because it was possible to unscrew the cap without breaking the bridges, which is obviously unacceptable.
In order to solve this problem, the Applicant has attempted to reduce the ratcheting, i.e. the interpenetration of the teeth (10A) and the notches (14A) but, although there was then a reduction in the breaking rate, there was also an increase in the number of tubes which were no longer tamper-proof. Therefore this solution was abandoned.
In industrial production, the characteristic parameters and in particular the geometrical dimensions have a certain tolerance including, inter alia, the machining precision of the production tools, their wear prior to replacement, etc., so that there can be a certain variation in the quality of the goods produced, which is normal but not desirable. In the case of the production of the tubes of Example 1, the final quality is too sensitive to the normal variations of the production parameters, because in the same production batch there are both satisfactory tubes, tubes with broken bridges and tubes which are not tamper-proof, so that this type of tube is not industrially acceptable.
Consideration has also been given to reinforcing the bridge, but this leads to making the opening more difficult. Opening should involve a manual tearing away of the security strip without exerting any particular force and without using tools such as pliers. Therefore this solution was also unacceptable. | 2024-07-24T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/4146 |
As a journalist writing about games, I'm used to getting a lot of weird stuff from public relations companies in the mail (and giving it away in charity drives). But the package that Ubisoft PR sent to the offices of Australia's Ninemsn was weird enough to cause an evacuation of the offices today.
According to reports, a courier dropped off a small black safe to a reporter at Ninemsn's central Syndey offices, along with a letter instructing the reporter to check his voicemail. Since the reporter did not actually have a voicemail to check, he simply typed in the PIN code taped to the top of the safe, causing it to start beeping. Fearing that the package might actually be a bomb, editors decided to evacuate the newsroom and call in the bomb squad.
The safe contained a copy of Watch Dogs, along with a baseball cap and beanie. It's not clear whether the safe was sent by Ubisoft or an external PR agency.
“We did check with other newsrooms to see if they had received a similar package as we thought it was a PR stunt, but no one else had," Ninemsn editor Hal Crawford told Australian media site Mumbrella. "We weren’t panicked at any point, but given there was no note explaining what it was, we had to take sensible precautions."
This isn't the first time a gaming PR mailing has gone wrong. Back in 2009, EA sent critics a set of brass knuckles in violation of laws about sending weapons through the mail, before asking for the "novelty" back. Also in 2009, EA promoted the Dante's Inferno game by sending journalists a $200 check intended to test their resistance to "greed." At the time, I commented that the stunt crossed "the line between 'clever promotion' and 'blatant journalist bribery.'" | 2024-03-15T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/1830 |
Lack of relationship in long-term type 1 diabetic patients between diabetic nephropathy and polymorphisms in apolipoprotein epsilon, lipoprotein lipase and cholesteryl ester transfer protein. Genétique de la Nephropathie Diabétique Study Group. Données Epidémiologiques sur le Syndrome d'Insulino-Résistance Study Group.
Genetic susceptibility contributes to the risk of diabetic nephropathy. Lipid disorders may favour diabetic nephropathy. Thus polymorphisms in lipid metabolism are candidates for the genetic component of risk for diabetic nephropathy. We searched for a contribution of the genetic polymorphisms of lipoprotein lipase (LPL), cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) and apolipoprotein epsilon (Apo E) to the development of diabetic nephropathy by studying 494 type 1 diabetic patients with proliferative retinopathy and various stages of diabetic nephropathy (GENEDIAB Study). The selection process ensured that all patients had expressed their risk of chronic complications due to uncontrolled diabetes. Thus the nephropathy stages were largely influenced by genetic background. The lipid profile included fasting plasma total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), apolipoprotein A1 (Apo A1) and B (Apo B), and lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)). Genetic polymorphisms were determined by PCR-based detection of Apo epsilon (e2/e3/e4), LPL (mutation Asn 291 Ser) and CETP (TAQ:IB B1/B2). One hundred and fifty-seven patients (32%) had no nephropathy, 104 (21%) incipient nephropathy, 126 (25%) established nephropathy and 107 (22%) advanced nephropathy. There was a significant relationship between the stages of diabetic nephropathy and TC (P=0.002), TG (P<0.0001), Apo B (P=0.0007) or Lp(a) (P=0. 038), but not Apo A1. However the genetic polymorphism distributions of LPL, CETP and Apo epsilon did not differ in terms of renal complications. The study power to reject the null hypothesis was 58% for the Apo epsilon genotypes. These results support no or only marginal effects of a genetic basis for lipid disturbances encountered in diabetic nephropathy. | 2024-07-07T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/3573 |
Berkeley squirrels live off of two things in this world: student crumbs and attention. What could they possibly do without our presence? Over spring break, UC Berkeley students were chilling on the beach, so what were these poor animals doing? Here are some conspiracy theories we at the Clog have about what these curious creatures were doing last week.
Touring nut farms upstate
Rumor has it that squirrels went up to the redwoods to find new types of nuts. Refusing to thin down for the warmer weather, these Cal critters were determined to seek treats. This exclusive group of Berkeley squirrels are of the “foodie” type and are commonly found near Pat Brown’s.
Suntanning on Sproul Plaza
We’re not the only species that wants the glow of a goddess, and some say squirrels enjoy baking in the sun as well. Maybe while we were lounging on the beach, they were doing some bathing in Sproul Plaza as well. Did anyone else notice that their fur was looking a little more bronzed recently?
Backpacking in Muir Woods
Some of the outdoorsy squirrels (you know, the ones that hang out near the Music Library?) decided to go to Muir Woods for a fun week of hiking and s’mores making. Rumor has it that they also hitched a ride on the back of a few ride-sharing vehicles and had a great break out in nature.
Going on a beach trip
Others think the squirrels also hit up the shore and migrated to Baker Beach in San Francisco for break. Plus, they fit right in with the nude section (given squirrels don’t wear clothes). They were soaking up the sun and sipping on peanut butter smoothies. What other way would surfer squirrels enjoy their break?
Soaking in the cinema of squirrels
Some squirrels decided to stay in Berkeley and explore the movie scene Downtown. Some watched films such as Beauty and the Squirrel, Hidden Squirrels and The Lego Squirrel Movie.
Regardless, humans weren’t the only Berkeley inhabitants having a fun break!
Contact Allison David at [email protected]. | 2024-01-04T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/2444 |
Furna Feia National Park
The Furna Feia National Park () is a national park in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil that contains a large cave system.
History
Furna Feia park is the first national park in Rio Grande do Norte.
Creation of the park was stalled by resistance from mining operations in the area, mainly limestone for use in making cement.
As a compromise of the planned park where mining applications had been filed were given up, removing the main obstacle.
The park was created on 5 June 2012, and is administered by the Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation (ICMBio).
President Dilma Rousseff announced creation of the park on World Environment Day.
Location
The park is in the Caatinga biome and has an area of .
The park lies in the municipalities of Baraúna and Mossoró in the state of Rio Grande do Norte.
Furna Feia (Ugly Cavern) is the largest cave complex in the state of Rio Grande do Norte.
So far more than 200 caves have been found.
The main cave is long, and is the most important attraction in the park.
The park holds about 105 species of plants and 135 species of animals, some of which are endangered.
Eleven species of troglobite invertebrates have been found, all new to science.
Conservation
The parks is classed as IUCN protected area category II (national park).
Its goals are to preserve the speleological complex of Furna Feia and the biodiversity associated with the Caatinga biome, to carry out scientific research and to develop educational activities, environmental interpretation, outdoors recreation and eco-tourism.
ICMBio works with the local people to try to prevent actions that degrade the natural resources of the park, which include hunting, illegal removal of timber and destructive visits to the caves, particularly the main cave.
The agency has established a fire brigade to help prevent forest fires in the conservation unit.
References
Sources
Category:National parks of Brazil
Category:Protected areas of Rio Grande do Norte
Category:2012 establishments in Brazil
Category:Protected areas established in 2012 | 2024-06-24T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/6191 |
995 F.2d 1478
36 ERC 2092, 61 USLW 2789, 26Fed.R.Serv.3d 923,23 Envtl. L. Rep. 20,999
SIERRA CLUB, et al., Plaintiff-Appellee,v.US ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY, et al., Defendant,andCity of Phoenix, Intervention-Appellant.
No. 91-16310.
United States Court of Appeals,Ninth Circuit.
Argued and Submitted Oct. 8, 1992.Decided June 16, 1993.
Craig J. Reece, Asst. City Atty., Phoenix, AZ, for appellant.
Maria Savasta Kennedy, Sierra Club Legal Defense Fund, San Francisco, CA, for appellee.
James C. Hair, Jr., Asst. U.S. Atty., Phoenix, AZ, for defendant.
Appeal from the United States District Court for the District of Arizona.
Before: BROWNING, THOMPSON and KLEINFELD, Circuit Judges.
KLEINFELD, Circuit Judge:
1
This case has one issue, intervention as a matter of right. The Sierra Club sued the EPA under the Clean Water Act for a declaratory judgment and an injunction. The relief sought would require the EPA to change the terms of permits issued to the City of Phoenix for two of its wastewater treatment plants. The district court denied the City's motion to intervene. We reverse, and hold that the City had a right to intervene.
I. Facts
2
The Sierra Club and an individual sued the Environmental Protection Agency and its administrators under the citizens' suit provision of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, commonly referred to as the Clean Water Act.1 33 U.S.C. § 1365(a)(2). The lawsuit made two claims:
3
1. The EPA had a duty to promulgate regulations establishing water quality standards for toxic pollutants for the State of Arizona under 33 U.S.C. § 1313(c)(4), because the state had not done so;
4
2. The State of Arizona was required to submit lists of impaired waters, point sources discharging pollutants into them, and control strategies to reduce such discharges, under 33 U.S.C. § 1314(l )(1). Its lists were insufficient under the statute, so the EPA had a duty to make a final decision on the lists, and to implement control strategies.
5
The prayer for relief sought a declaratory judgment and an injunction requiring the EPA to do the following:
6
1. promulgate water quality standards for toxic pollutants for Arizona waters under 33 U.S.C. § 1313(c);2
7
2. list impaired waters, point sources, and control strategies under 33 U.S.C. § 1314(l ), and implement the strategies "by promulgating final National Pollution Discharge Elimination System permits containing pollutant-specific, numerical, water quality-based effluent limitations that reduce toxics being discharged from each of the Arizona point sources."
8
The City of Phoenix3 moved to intervene, both as a matter of right and permissively,4 under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 24. The district court denied the applications for lack of a "protectable interest" under Portland Audubon Soc. v. Hodel, 866 F.2d 302 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 492 U.S. 911, 109 S.Ct. 3229, 106 L.Ed.2d 577 (1989), and Donaldson v. United States, 400 U.S. 517, 91 S.Ct. 534, 27 L.Ed.2d 580 (1970). The complaint alleged that two wastewater treatment plants operated by the City discharged toxic pollutants, pursuant to permits,5 into the Salt and Gila Rivers. Those rivers were impaired by pollution, so EPA had a duty to list the wastewater treatment plants as sources, and formulate individual control strategies to reduce pollution. This duty was to be performed by imposing new permit requirements on the City's wastewater treatment plants in order to meet water quality standards. This claim was based upon 33 U.S.C. § 1314(l ). In practical terms, the Sierra Club wanted the court to order the EPA to change the City's NPDES permits, in order to reduce the amount of pollutants from those wastewater treatment plants.
9
Our decision does not concern whether the water in the rivers falls below appropriate water quality standards, or whether the City's NPDES permits should be tightened up to reduce the amounts of toxic pollutants the City may discharge from the two wastewater treatment plants. It has to do only with whether the City of Phoenix had a right to defend the lawsuit which sought a judgment to that effect. We conclude that it did.
II. Analysis
10
We review the district court's denial of the City's motion to intervene as of right de novo. Scotts Valley Band of Pomo Indians v. United States, 921 F.2d 924, 926 (9th Cir.1990). One part of the test for intervention as of right, timeliness, is reviewed for abuse of discretion. Yniguez v. Arizona, 939 F.2d 727, 730-31 (9th Cir.1991), motion to dismiss as moot denied, 975 F.2d 646 (1992).
11
The rule on intervention as of right requires that the applicant claim an interest the protection of which may as a practical matter be impaired or impeded if the lawsuit proceeds without him:
12
Upon timely application anyone shall be permitted to intervene in an action: (2) when the applicant claims an interest relating to the property or transaction which is the subject of the action and the applicant is so situated that the disposition of the action may as a practical matter impair or impede the applicant's ability to protect that interest, unless the applicant's interest is adequately represented by existing parties.
13
Fed.R.Civ.P. 24(a). We apply a four-part test under this rule: (1) the motion must be timely; (2) the applicant must claim a "significantly protectable" interest relating to the property or transaction which is the subject of the action; (3) the applicant must be so situated that the disposition of the action may as a practical matter impair or impede its ability to protect that interest; and (4) the applicant's interest must be inadequately represented by the parties to the action. Scotts Valley Band, 921 F.2d at 926. The rule is construed "broadly, in favor of the applicants for intervention." Id.; United States ex rel. McGough v. Covington Technologies Co., 967 F.2d 1391, 1394 (9th Cir.1992); Washington State Bldg. & Constr. Trades Council v. Spellman, 684 F.2d 627, 630 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 461 U.S. 913, 103 S.Ct. 1891, 77 L.Ed.2d 282 (1982).
A.
14
Timeliness is undisputed. The application for intervention was made at the outset of the litigation, before the EPA had even filed its answer. The district court did not abuse its discretion in determining that the City's application was timely. See Yniguez, 939 F.2d at 730-31.
15
The fourth element, inadequacy of representation by the existing parties, has not been put at issue. The City argues that neither Sierra Club, which seeks to alter its permits, nor EPA, which enforces the permits against the City, can be expected to represent the City's interests in the lawsuit. Sierra Club offers no argument to the contrary. The City's showing suffices on this element. See California v. Tahoe Regional Planning Agency, 792 F.2d 775, 778 (9th Cir.1986). Cf. Scotts Valley Band, 921 F.2d at 926-27.
B.
16
The complaint establishes prima facie satisfaction of the second element. The complaint says that the City owns wastewater treatment plants and discharges pollutants from them pursuant to permits it holds, and those plants and permits are among the subjects of the action. But the word "interest" in the statute has been the subject of judicial interpretation requiring that the term be qualified by the adjective "protectable." The central issue in this case is whether the City's interest is "protectable." Without that, the second element cannot be satisfied.1.
17
The requirement of "protectability" was formulated by the Supreme Court in Donaldson v. United States, 400 U.S. 517, 91 S.Ct. 534, 27 L.Ed.2d 580 (1970). Donaldson had worked for a circus. The IRS issued a summons to the circus and its accountant for the circus's records relating to Donaldson's personal income taxes. Donaldson sought to intervene in the district court proceeding by which the IRS sought to enforce the summons, and ultimately lost, because he lacked a "protectable interest" in the proceeding. The Supreme Court emphasized that the IRS sought the circus's records, not Donaldson's. Id. at 522-23, 91 S.Ct. at 538. Donaldson did not own the records, and he had no legal privilege or other right to keep his former employer from giving them to the IRS. Id. at 523, 91 S.Ct. at 538. He had an interest, because the circus's records might show that he owed more tax than he had paid. But his interest was not "protectable," because the records were not his, and he had no proprietary right, evidentiary privilege, work product claim, constitutional claim to suppression, or any other right to interfere with the circus's disclosure to the IRS. Id. at 530, 91 S.Ct. at 542. If the circus were to give its records relating to Donaldson to the IRS voluntarily, Donaldson would have no right to suppress them. Id. at 531, 91 S.Ct. at 542.
18
We fleshed out the Donaldson requirement in the case of Portland Audubon, 866 F.2d 302. In Portland Audubon, environmental advocacy groups sued the Interior Department to enjoin sales of old-growth timber. The Bureau of Land Management had proposed sales, but the advocacy organizations claimed that logging the old trees would threaten the habitat of the northern spotted owl. A logging advocacy group and some logging contractors were allowed to intervene with respect to some of the claims, but not the claim under the National Environmental Policy Act ("NEPA"). They appealed the ruling that they had no right to intervene as defendants on the NEPA claim. We affirmed because the logging groups lacked a protectable interest under Donaldson. We followed a Seventh Circuit case, Wade v. Goldschmidt, 673 F.2d 182 (7th Cir.1982) (per curiam), for the proposition that "the governmental bodies charged with compliance can be the only defendants." Portland Audubon, 866 F.2d at 309 (quoting Wade, 673 F.2d at 185).
19
Unlike the loggers in Portland Audubon, the City owns rights protected by law relating to the property which is the subject of the action. The loggers' interest in Portland Audubon appears to have been an economic interest based upon a bare expectation, not anything in the nature of real or personal property, contracts, or permits. The City of Phoenix, by contrast, owns the wastewater treatment plants and the permits. These interests are rights connected with the City's ownership of real property and its status as an EPA permittee. Such rights are among those traditionally protected by law, unlike the interest, for example, of the former circus employee in Donaldson in preventing financial disclosures by his former employer to the IRS. The lawsuit seeks relief which would require changes in the City's permits, making them more restrictive of City discharges from the plants.
20
We need not decide in this case whether a lesser interest would suffice, because the property rights and permits owned by the City are sufficient to distinguish Donaldson and Portland Audubon. In some contexts, we have determined that interests less plainly protectable by traditional legal doctrines sufficed for intervention of right. Cf. Washington State Bldg. & Constr. Trades Council v. Spellman, 684 F.2d 627 (9th Cir.) (intervention as of right by advocacy group which had sponsored antinuclear statute in suit challenging that statute), cert. denied, 461 U.S. 913, 103 S.Ct. 1891, 77 L.Ed.2d 282 (1982); Idaho v. Freeman, 625 F.2d 886 (9th Cir.1980) (intervention as of right by National Organization of Women in suit challenging the procedures for ratification of the proposed Equal Rights Amendment); Sagebrush Rebellion v. Watt, 713 F.2d 525 (9th Cir.1983) (intervention as of right by National Audubon Society in suit challenging creation of conservation area); Yniguez v. Arizona, 939 F.2d 727 (9th Cir.1991) (intervention as of right by sponsors of ballot initiative declaring English to be the official language in litigation challenging the constitutionality of that statute), motion to dismiss as moot denied, 975 F.2d 646 (1992). In the case before us, though, the lawsuit would affect the use of real property owned by the intervenor by requiring the defendant to change the terms of permits it issues to the would-be intervenor, which permits regulate the use of that real property. These interests are squarely in the class of interests traditionally protected by law.
2.
21
Portland Audubon suggests an additional aspect of protectability with its comment that the loggers' interests "ha[d] no relation to the interests intended to be protected by the statute at issue--in this case, NEPA." Portland Audubon, 866 F.2d at 309. Sierra Club argues for a very broad application of this relationship requirement to exclude potential intervenors. Its brief argues that the City's interest in discharging pollutants is contrary to the purpose of the Clean Water Act, and Portland Audubon bars intervention because the Clean Water Act does "not protect the economic or proprietary interests of polluters." For that reason, "[t]he fact that the City may be required to expend funds to reduce toxic discharges into the Gila and Salt Rivers is not ... relevant." Intervention under the Clean Water Act, Sierra Club contends, is limited to "environmental interests, not economic interests."
22
When one keeps in mind that the issue is participation in a lawsuit, not the outcome, this reading of Portland Audubon is more than a little surprising. After all, even admitted tort-feasors may be heard in tort cases, breakers of promises in contract cases, and trespassers in property cases. In matters of public law, copyright infringers may be heard in copyright cases, tax evaders in tax cases, and racketeers in RICO cases, whether civil or criminal. Their interests are assuredly not those protected by the statutes at issue in those cases, but the adversary process can function only if both sides are heard. So why should polluters in environmental cases be excluded from participation in lawsuits which will affect their property and permits? Sierra Club concedes that the City of Phoenix may be required to spend its citizens' money on account of the remedies sought in the lawsuit, and apparently concedes that its lawsuit may compel EPA to change the terms of the City's NPDES permits. The objection to the City's participation in the lawsuit seems to be that it is on the wrong side, the polluters' side. Our adversary process requires that we hear from both sides before the interests of one side are impaired by a judgment. Portland Audubon does not create an exception for polluters.
23
The requirement of relationship to the interests protected by the statute was articulated by Portland Audubon in the course of distinguishing two cases which supported intervention as of right, County of Fresno v. Andrus, 622 F.2d 436 (9th Cir.1980), and Sagebrush Rebellion, Inc. v. Watt, 713 F.2d 525 (9th Cir.1983). The language--"ha[d] no relation to the interests intended to be protected by the statute at issue"--is the basis for Sierra Club's argument that those whose interests would undermine the anti-pollution purposes of the Clean Water Act cannot intervene as of right. But this broad reading of Portland Audubon cannot be correct, because it would cause Portland Audubon to be in conflict with the cases it purports to distinguish, and with numerous other cases we have decided.6
24
In County of Fresno, a group of farmers sought issuance of regulations to protect their interests under the Reclamation Act. The County sued to delay issuance of the regulations until an environmental impact statement was prepared. The case came to us on the district court's denial of the farmers' motion to intervene in the County's case. We reversed, and held that the farmers' group was entitled to intervention as of right, because their interests were precisely those that Congress meant to protect under the Reclamation Act. The County of Fresno case cannot mean that the interest of the proposed intervenor must be protected by the statute under which the lawsuit is brought, because the farmers' interests were not protected by the statute relied upon by the County, NEPA. The farmers' interest was protected by a statute other than the one put at issue by the complaint, and the relief they sought was not congruent with the policy of the statute pursuant to which the County sought relief.
25
In Sagebrush Rebellion Inc., the Secretary of the Interior had withdrawn 500,000 acres of land from entry under the Desert Land Act, 43 U.S.C. § 321 et seq., and the Carey Act, 43 U.S.C. § 641. Opponents of the withdrawal sued, claiming that the withdrawal violated the Federal Land Policy and Management Act, 43 U.S.C. § 1714. The withdrawal was contrary to the purpose of the Desert Land Act and the Carey Act, facilitating reclamation and settlement of desert lands. Sagebrush Rebellion, 713 F.2d at 526, n. 1. We held that the Audubon Society's interest was "protectable." Id. at 528. Yet the interests represented by the Audubon Society were adverse to those protected by the statutes put at issue by the plaintiffs' lawsuit. The Audubon Society wanted the land withdrawn for a bird sanctuary, but the intervenors wanted the land open for reclamation.
26
We rejected, in Sagebrush Rebellion, the proposition that "the intervenor's interest ... [is] measured in relation to the particular issue before the court at the time of the motion and not in relation 'to the subject of the action,' as provided in Rule 24." Id. at 528. Yet that proposition, explicitly rejected in Sagebrush Rebellion, is necessary to Sierra Club's argument in the case at bar. Sagebrush Rebellion can be reconciled with Portland Audubon by considering the words in Portland Audubon, "ha[d] no relation to the interests intended to be protected by the statute at issue." Portland Audubon, 866 F.2d at 309 (emphasis added). In Sagebrush Rebellion, the intervenors' interest was not protected by the statutes which the complaint put at issue, but it was protected by law and had a relation to the interests at issue.
27
We have a substantial body of precedent irreconcilable with the reading of Portland Audubon urged by Sierra Club. In Scotts Valley Band, 921 F.2d 924, a tribe sued to have land restored to federal trust status, claiming that the government unlawfully terminated such status under the California Rancheria Act. We held that a city currently taxing and regulating some of the land could intervene as of right, because it had a significant "protectable" interest in collecting property taxes and imposing land use, health, and safety regulations on the land in question. We gave no consideration to whether the city's interests were protected by the California Rancheria Act, the statute under which the litigation was brought.
28
In United States v. Oregon, 745 F.2d 550 (9th Cir.1984), the United States and the Yakima Indian Nation sued Oregon to define Indian treaty rights to fish in the Columbia river and its tributaries. We held that Idaho had a sufficient interest for intervention as of right, because fishing by the tribe could affect Idaho fishermen. Id. at 553. We did not consider whether the Yakima treaty was intended to protect Idaho fisherman.
29
In Washington State Bldg. & Constr. Trades Council, 684 F.2d at 630, we held that an advocacy group opposed to radioactive waste in Washington could intervene as of right in litigation challenging a Washington statute which prohibited the transportation and storage of radioactive waste in that state. The plaintiffs were suing under the Atomic Energy Act, and although there was no suggestion that the interests of the advocacy group were protected under that Act, we nonetheless held that the group was entitled to intervene as of right.
30
We ordinarily do not require that a prospective intervenor show that the interest he asserts is one that is protected by the statute under which the litigation is brought. It is generally enough that the interest is protectable under some law, and that there is a relationship between the legally protected interest and the claims at issue.3.
31
Portland Audubon is most plainly distinguished from and reconciled with these cases by understanding it as a NEPA case. In NEPA cases, interests which might be protectable in other litigation contexts may not suffice for intervention as a defendant under Portland Audubon. NEPA does not regulate the conduct of private parties or state or local governments. It regulates the federal government. NEPA requires the federal government to issue an environmental impact statement before taking any action "significantly affecting the quality of the human environment." 42 U.S.C. § 4332(2)(C). Since NEPA requires only action by the government, no private party can comply with NEPA. It is for that reason that in a lawsuit to compel compliance with NEPA, no one but the federal government can be a defendant. This is the requirement of Wade v. Goldschmidt, 673 F.2d 182, followed in Portland Audubon. The loggers in Portland Audubon had an interest in securing timber, but no existing legal right to it, and an injunction requiring the Bureau of Land Management to issue an environmental impact statement regarding the timber sale would not by its terms prevent or change the terms of the timber sale.
32
The case at bar is different because it is brought under the Clean Water Act. 33 U.S.C. §§ 1251 et seq. The Clean Water Act does not principally regulate the EPA. It regulates private parties and state and local governments, such as the City of Phoenix. 33 U.S.C. § 1311(a) (discharge "by any person" without a permit generally prohibited). In the case before us, the compliance must ultimately be by the City of Phoenix and other parties regulated by the Clean Water Act. EPA is not the discharger of pollutants from the wastewater treatment plants. More restrictive NPDES permits, sought by the lawsuit, will require remedial conduct by the City of Phoenix. It is one thing to hold that only the government can be a defendant in a NEPA suit, where the statute regulates only government action, but quite another to exclude permit-holding property owners from a Clean Water Act suit, where the statute directly regulates their conduct.
33
In a NEPA case, a private interest is unprotectable in the same sense as in Donaldson, the circus employee case. In Donaldson, the would-be intervenor expected to be financially worse off if the plaintiff won the lawsuit, but that was insufficient for intervention, because the law did not protect his financial interest, and he had no interest protected by any law which related to the matter at issue. Likewise, in a NEPA case, someone who will be economically worse off if an environmental impact statement precedes a major government action nevertheless has no interest protected by law in defending against issuance of an environmental impact statement.
4.
34
Donaldson requires that the interest of a would-be intervenor be protected by some law and related to the subject of the litigation. In this case the law protecting the City's interest is the Clean Water Act itself. The objective of the Clean Water Act is to "restore and maintain the chemical, physical, and biological integrity of the Nation's waters." 33 U.S.C. § 1251(a). But the statute also explicitly provides for discharge permits. E.g., 33 U.S.C. § 1342. The statute establishes a scheme, applicable to many municipal water treatment plants, explicitly designed to permit and thereby regulate the discharge of sewage sludge into the navigable waters of the United States. 33 U.S.C. § 1345(a).
35
The various discharges produced by human activities must go somewhere, into the water, the soil, or the air, after purification processes of varying effectiveness and cost with by-products of their own. Pollution imposes costs on third parties, and prevention imposes costs on polluters, which costs may burden the rest of our society. The Clean Water Act deals with the unfortunate inevitability of pollution, and shifts costs from third parties to polluters, by allowing pollution only pursuant to a permit. The legitimate interests of persons discharging permissible quantities of pollutants pursuant to NPDES permits are explicitly protected by the Act. 33 U.S.C. § 1342. Because the Act protects the interest of a person who discharges pollutants pursuant to a permit, and the City of Phoenix owns such permits, the City has a "protectable" interest. These permits may be modified by control strategies issued as a result of this litigation, so the City's protectable interest relates to the litigation.
36
The City also has a protectable interest with respect to the compilation of lists of problem waters, and to the identification of point sources. Once the lists are compiled and the point sources identified, control strategies will be required for waters which fail to meet water quality standards "due entirely or substantially to discharges from point sources of any toxic pollutants." 33 U.S.C. § 1314(l )(1)(B) ("B" list waters). The obligation to implement control strategies is triggered by the compilation of the problem water lists and the identification of point sources, so an adjudication on these issues could "result in practical impairment of the [City's] interests." Yniguez, 939 F.2d at 735. Waters affected by City discharges may be listed. Therefore, the City has a sufficient interest as to all of the remaining issues raised in the underlying litigation.
C.
37
The third element of intervention as of right, impairment, follows from the factors discussed above. The Sierra Club argues that to the extent the relief it seeks may affect the City, the City could protect its interests in subsequent administrative or judicial proceedings, so the City's interests would not be impaired by this litigation. But the relief sought by the Sierra Club would constrain the EPA, which would not then be free to violate the terms of the declaratory and injunctive relief in later administrative proceedings. Legal Aid Society of Alameda County v. Brennan, 608 F.2d 1319, 1328 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 447 U.S. 921, 100 S.Ct. 3010, 65 L.Ed.2d 1112 (1979); United States v. South Florida Management Dist., 922 F.2d 704, 708-09 (11th Cir.1991). The City could not use its appeal of its NPDES permits to put at issue the extent of the EPA's regulatory duties. Trustees for Alaska v. Environmental Protection Agency, 749 F.2d 549, 558-559 (9th Cir.1984). The case at bar would have controlling force on those issues. Although the City might challenge various determinations in separate proceedings, those proceedings would be constrained by the stare decisis effect of the lawsuit from which it had been excluded. United States ex rel. McGough, 967 F.2d at 1396. The order sought by Sierra Club would require modifications to the City's NPDES permits to the extent that they were inconsistent with water quality standards promulgated as a result of this case. Once the permits had been modified, the City would have little but an argument in the subsequent administrative proceedings about whether the narrowed NPDES permits for its water treatment plants were needed to comply with the constraints established by the case at bar. The relief sought in Sierra Club's lawsuit would necessarily "result in practical impairment of the [City's] interests." Yniguez, 939 F.2d at 735.
38
REVERSED and REMANDED.
1
For those specialists who skim or do computer searches for acronyms, we note that this case involves the FWPCA, that is, the CWA, and particularly ICS's, issued pursuant to WQS's, which may affect the NPDES permits issued to WTP's
2
Arizona has since promulgated water quality standards which have been accepted by EPA, and the Sierra Club concedes that this issue is now moot
3
Pima County, the Arizona Mining Association, and the Stone Southwest Corporation, owner of a pulp and paper mill, also moved unsuccessfully to intervene. The other applicants for intervention have not appealed, so we do not consider whether they were entitled to intervene as of right
4
The district judge denied both intervention as of right and permissive intervention. Because we conclude that the City of Phoenix was entitled to intervene as a matter of right, we do not reach the issue of permissive intervention
5
National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permits issued pursuant to 33 U.S.C. § 1342
6
The broad reading might also bring us into conflict with the Eleventh Circuit, which decided an analogous issue in United States v. South Florida Water Management District, 922 F.2d 704 (11th Cir.), cert. denied, --- U.S. ----, 112 S.Ct. 407, 116 L.Ed.2d 356 (1991). Our decision avoids an intercircuit conflict
| 2024-01-10T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/7922 |
What largely preventable crime costs us over £1bn a year, is increasing in frequency, yet is treated pretty much as a joke by everyone except the victim?
You'll have guessed from the headline that I'm talking about bicycle theft: more than half a million bikes are stolen every year and only about 4% are recovered and returned to the owner.
The direct cost of theft is around £140m a year. When you add in wider costs such as dealing with insurance claims and the environmental cost of victims giving up cycling, we're talking about a bill of close to £1bn to society.
Bucking most crime trends, the toll seems to be increasing, with the number of bikes stolen up by 15% in the past five years.
So, how is this 'largely preventable'? Mainly, by taking it seriously.
With physical security, we've seen some progress, with half-decent bike racks in high-risk locations such as railway stations and universities (though we could do with a lot more, notably in London's legal quarter).
What we're not doing yet is attacking the crime the way we do with thefts of other high-value portable items, by reducing their saleability as stolen goods.
This should be relatively easy, as modern bikes come with a number stamped on to bottom of the frame: if there was an easy way to check frame numbers against a database of stolen numbers, hot bikes would be more difficult to shift second hand.
One such clearing house is already available, a website stolen-bikes.co.uk on which bereft owners can post details. It currently lists well over 1,000. The site's founder, John Moss, has just won a national open data award for a new one-stop website Check That Bike, on which anyone looking at a second hand bike can enter its frame number to see if it has a history.
What Moss really wants is to take suspect frame numbers from police force databases.
Predictably, he is getting nowhere. Incredibly, he has also discovered that there is little or no routine sharing of data about stolen bikes between police forces, so all professional gangs need to do is to move them by the vanload a few miles to be at little or no risk of getting caught.
This is the basis of my charge that the crime is not being taken seriously.
This bothers me partly because I'm a cyclist (and regular victim of professional thieves) and partly because it is symptomatic of a wider problem, of persuading the criminal justice sector to release useful data. The default position is always no.
I sit on a body called the Crime and Justice Sector Transparency Panel which is trying to encourage a change in climate across the whole sector. It is an uphill struggle: I have written here previously about the difficulty of getting magistrates' court listings published. Among other things, the panel is also interested in county court judgments, crime maps and stolen motor vehicle details.
In this campaign, you would have thought the wider dissemination of frame numbers of stolen bikes would be fairly low hanging fruit, but apparently not. Moss tells me he is close to a breakthrough with one force, but that leaves 42 to go, in England and Wales.
While we're waiting, all I can advise cyclists is: turn your bike over, snap the frame number - it'll be on the bottom bracket, under the pedals - with your mobile phone, and email it to yourself. One day you'll need it.
Michael Cross is Gazette news editor | 2024-01-04T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/5930 |
Abdyl Ypi
Abdyl Ypi (1876–1920) was an Albanian politician and one of the main initiators of the Congress of Lushnjë.
Life
Abdyl Ypi was born in Kolonjë, then part of the Vilayet of Janina, in present-day Albania. He was a political figure of the National Movement active during the first two decades of the 20th century. A well-known turkophile, he participated in the Young Turks movement and subsequently in July 1908 became chairman of the Albanian Club of Istanbul. After World War I, Ypi opposed the pro-capitalist political orientation of the Durrës Government formed in December 1918, propagating the overthrow of this government and the organization of the Congress of Lushnjë. He held various official posts such as that of the Sub-prefect of Korçë, the Prefect of Durrës, the Governor of Konica and Kolonjë. Ypi was killed in the city of Durrës on January 15, 1920.
References
Category:1876 births
Category:1920 deaths
Category:Albanian politicians
Category:People from Kolonjë | 2024-01-23T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/4591 |
The use of Talking Mats to support people with dementia and their carers to make decisions together.
Policy guidelines insist that people with dementia should be involved in decisions about key life choices and transitions. However, as dementia affects both cognitive and communication difficulties, it becomes increasingly difficult to do this, and innovative and effective ways to support people with dementia and their carers to interact with each other are needed. This project, funded by Joseph Rowntree Foundation, examined if Talking Mats, a low-tech communication framework, could support family carers and people with dementia to discuss issues around daily living with each other. The fieldwork phase took place from September 2008 to May 2009. Eighteen couples (person with dementia and their family carer) from Scotland and the North of England were involved. The couples were visited in their own homes and asked to discuss together four topics (Personal Care; Getting Around; Housework; Activities) under two different conditions: (i) using the Talking Mats framework and (ii) using their usual communication methods (UCMs). After the interviews, each participant was asked separately to complete a short questionnaire (Involvement Measure), which included five questions to evaluate how involved s/he felt in each type of discussion and a final question to measure satisfaction with the overall discussion. The findings show that both people with dementia and their carers feel more involved in discussions about how they are managing their daily living when using the Talking Mats framework, compared with their UCM. They also feel more satisfied with the outcome of those discussions. The use of Talking Mats could result in increased well-being and positive adjustment to accepting increasing levels of care for people with dementia. In addition, it could improve the relationship between the person with dementia and family carers, if all involved feel that the views of the person with dementia and the family carer have truly been acknowledged. | 2023-12-13T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/9422 |
Farmland (film)
Farmland is a documentary film about agriculture in the United States that was funded by the U.S. Farmers and Ranchers Alliance. Six farmers and Ranchers across the United States describe their experiences of and views on modern agriculture. Critics view the farmers and ranchers as sincere and what they do as interesting, but they are critical of what is left out of the documentary and that it was funded by the U.S. Farmers and Ranchers Alliance.
Plot
The goal of the film is to bridge the gap between food growers and food consumers by presenting farmers' and ranchers' perspectives on producing food. The film aims to do this by focusing on the lives of six farmers in their 20s who describe their experiences of and views on modern farming and ranching in the United States.
They each show and explain what it is like to farm and ranch with modern agriculture practices. They express their views on controversial topics such as genetically modified crops, the use of antibiotics in animal feeds, and the treatment of farm animals.
Cast
The main cast of the documentary consists of six farmers and ranchers from different rural areas in the United States.
Brad Bellah from Throckmorton, Texas is a sixth generation cattle rancher.
Leighton Cooley from Roberta in Crawford County, Georgia is a fourth generation poultry farmer.
David Loberg from near Carroll, Nebraska is a fifth-generation farmer who grows corn and soybeans.
Sutton Morgan from Brawley, California is a fourth generation farmer who grows organic onions.
Margaret Schlass from near Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania started an organic farming business called "One Woman Farm, Inc."
Ryan Veldhuizen from near Hatfield, Minnesota is a fourth generation farmer who raises hogs and grows corn and soybeans to feed them.
Critical reception
Reviewers generally agree that farmers and ranchers in this documentary come across as sincere and committed to their lifestyle. The movie is viewed as presenting an interesting portrayal of what it is like to farm and ranch for family farmers and ranchers across the United States. It has been criticized for giving an incomplete view of modern industrial agriculture. For example, the production of animal products such as eggs and poultry is done mainly by corporate farming and not small family farms. Controversial issues such as the use of genetically modified crops, the use of pesticides, the use of antibiotics in animal feeds, and the treatment of animals on farms are largely dismissed in the film according to reviewers. Finally, reviewers question the aims of the movie because it was funded by U.S. Farmers and Ranchers Alliance.
References
External links
Category:2014 films
Category:American documentary films
Category:American films
Category:Documentary films about agriculture in the United States
Category:Sponsored films
Category:Films directed by James Moll
Category:2010s documentary films | 2024-03-03T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/6575 |
THORMARINE news
Together with building and construction company Janssen, Thormarine has provided Pipda Herentals a serie of stainless steel hatches and doors. Pipda provides for more than 1,2 million households drinking water. The doors and hatches are build in a new Drinkwater basin.Pipda Herentals was last modified: June 7th, 2017 by nick
MT Mechatronics GmbH and Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy signed an agreement to build an antenna for the radio telescope project SKA (Square Kilometre Array). The plan is to build the world’s largest and most powerful radio telescope in South Africa’s Karoo Desert and the Western Australian Murchison region by 2023, with an antenna …Read more
For this project Thormarine delivered the watertight doors, A60 fire doors, windows and portholes. The pontoon measures 30 metres and a width of 11.20 meters. The total weight of the pontoon is about 230T. The crane will lift more than 200T. Working area will mainly be in and around Antwerp.Project pontoon Antigoon was last modified: …Read more
UAE’s Eversendai Offshore RMC FZE, has been awarded contracts for the construction of 2 GustoMSC NG-2500X liftboats at a combined value of RM580 million ($180 million) from Vahana Offshore (S) Pte. Ltd. THORMARINE supplies in cooperation with the design and engineering department of Eversendai, in close cooperation with DNV all hatches on board of both …Read more
The mighty craneship Thialf, the greatest crane vessel in the world of Heerema Marine Contractors has brand new custom build A60 doors on board, supplied by THORMARINE.The doors have special made stainless steel sub frames per door in order to fit the existsting interiour panneling. A60 doors for craneship “Thialf” was last modified: July 8th, …Read more
Nigeria’s most “home-made” living quarters platform to date should sail out later this year to Total’s Ofon field. In close cooperation with our Nigerian partner Carmel Platform Services, THORMARINE replaced for 5 platforms A60 doors for Total Paris. Platforms will be used in Total’s Ofon Phase 2 project offshore Nigeria. A60 doors for OFON field …Read more
THORMARINE secured the contract to replace the hinge systems for all deck hatches on board of the minehunters for the Belgium and Dutch Navy by mounting spring loaded stainless steel hinges. Naval contracts was last modified: January 17th, 2017 by admin
MNO Vervat St. Maarten secured the contract for the construction of the Sea Water Intake system for the Point Blanche Project. For this project we supplied all watertight doors to protect the pumphouse for floating in case of heavy rains and or thunderstorms. These huge watertight doors are contructed with special frames in order to …Read more | 2024-06-07T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/7637 |
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| 2023-12-14T01:27:17.240677 | https://example.com/article/2534 |